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"Have Lost Contact"
WHEN the crews of the Bismarck and Prinz Eugen were told that the Prince of Wales had turned away, there was much cheering and shouting, joy at victory and relief at survival. "Report hits and casualties," Lütjens signalled to the Prinz Eugen. The signal came back, "None."
But the Bismarck had been less fortunate. She had received three hits altogether. The most serious had struck the port bow at about the waterline, penetrated two oil tanks and come out the starboard side without exploding. The hit let seawater into the oil tanks and quantities of oil into the sea.
Because of the flooding the bow was down by two or three degrees, and there was a list to port of nine degrees. Lindemann ordered counter-flooding aft to restore the trim, and maximum speed was reduced from 30 to 28 knots. Collision mats were put down to cover the two holes in the bows, and presently they stopped any more water getting into the ship, although the oil continued to leak out.
The Bismarck could no longer carry out her assignment without dockyard repairs. The nearest friendly port was Bergen or Trondheim, both 1,000 miles away. But this meant a return through the hazardous passages north or south of Iceland. The coast of France was boo miles further, but meant longer nights and wider seas in which to shake off her shadowers. So Lütjens signalled Germany his intentions to release the Prinz Eugen for independent warfare and for the Bismarck to put into St. Nazaire.
Meanwhile, unknown to Lütjens, the King George V, flagship of Admiral Tovey, together with the Repulse, the aircraft carrier Victorious and her escorting cruisers and destroyers, were slowly closing from the east. Admiral Tovey calculated that if the Bismarck maintained her course and speed, he would not be in action with her until early next morning (May 25).
But what if the Germans put on a burst of speed during the night, zigzagged violently, broke away westwards or to the north F He had only one weapon that could slow the Bismarck down : the Victorious and her Swordfish torpedo planes.
Tovey thought of his raw young airmen, many of whom had never flown on sea operations before. Was it fair to baptize his pilots on such a mission, did they have the smallest chance of success ? The biplanes had wing-struts, two fixed wheels, one engine, things the Wright brothers or Bleriot might have flown an age ago. But he thought of the Hood too, and her 1,400 dead and what might happen in the Atlantic if the Bismarck got away. There was no choice. At about 3 p.m., he ordered the Victorious to steer a direct intercepting course towards the enemy. By evening she should be roo miles from the Bismarck—the maximum range for launching and retrieving the planes.
There were to be nine Swordfish in the attack. Each carried a crew of three and an 18-inch torpedo slung below the belly. The first plane trundled down the flight deck soon after to p.m., took off, and presently the whole squadron was airborne.
In the Bismarck they watched the approach of the Swordfish with amazement. "It was incredible to see such obsolete-looking planes," said one German, "having the nerve to attack a fire-spitting mountain like the Bismarck." But attack they did.
Miraculously, not one of the Swordfish was shot down or even badly damaged, and all returned to the Victorious.
On the other hand, only one torpedo struck the Bismarck, and it did little damage. Forward, however, the collision mats had been displaced by the high-speed twisting and turning to avoid the torpedoes. Water poured in, the ship again went down by the bows. Speed was reduced to i6 knots to allow divers to reset the mats and bring in more pumps.
For Lütjens two needs had become paramount : to abandon the somewhat leisurely course he was steering down the middle of the Atlantic and cut away directly for France; and secondly, to escape the shadowing cruisers. Other planes would be back in the morning for certain. Also Lütjens had heard from shore headquarters of the departure from Gibraltar for "an unknown destination" of Britain's Force H — the Renown, the Ark Royal, the cruiser Sheffield and destroyers. Unless he could give the Norfolk and Suffolk the slip, it would be only a matter of time before the Ark Royal's planes also found him.
Fortunately, a means of escape had now come to hand. From hydrophones and other devices, it had become evident that there were no British ships on the starboard side (due to an unexpected alteration in the Bismarck's course), while those on the port were zigzagging, at times coming to within 12 miles of the Bismarck, at others increasing the distance considerably.


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As a farmer or pet owner you always want to keep your animals healthy and happy. When they require medical care, you need to know that their welfare is in good hands.
Providing professional care for your animals is at the heart of our work at Holmer Veterinary Surgery.
Contact us at Holmer Clinic if you need vet care for your horses, ponies or donkeys.
As a rural practice we treat all types of livestock including rare breed cows, sheep and pigs.

subset: commoncrawl


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FPGA Programming with Linux
Free software licenses and operating systems like GNU/Linux make it possible to learn programming and customize state-of-the-art software in countless ways. Hacking software, however, isn't the last frontier anymore. What if you could hack integrated circuits directly—that is, tell a chip to connect its internal transistors to create exactly the custom, real-time digital hardware you want? This is precisely what you can do with Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). In this article, I explain how to do it with nothing else but your Linux computer and an inexpensive development board.
This isn't the first time Linux Journal has covered FPGAs (see Resources), but these devices have made huge progress since those articles were written. Plus, prices for powerful development boards have come down dramatically. Today, you can do really cool things with a $200–$300 FPGA-based board, a typical personal computer and one square foot of desk space. Finally, the FPGA community is now big enough and stable enough to make life much easier for beginners. The major FPGA makers offer text or video tutorials and forums where even newbies can find support. Above all, Web sites like Opencores.org codevelop and release Linux-compatible FPGAs and boards like the EUS 100LX with the same spirit (and licenses) as free software. In summary, the barrier to entry is much lower now than it was even just a couple years ago, making FPGA design both a cool hobby and an affordable and interesting addition to the offerings of even high schools.
A digital integrated circuit (IC) is a chip that deals only with binary digits—meaning signals that can assume only one of two states: 0 or 1, high or low voltage and so on. An FPGA is an IC consisting of one array of digital logic gates. These basic circuits, made up of a few transistors each, instantiate either a flip-flop or lookup tables capable of implementing any boolean function of up to four binary signals. The magic of FPGAs is that the connections among the logic gates (the actual circuit you need) are made at power-up by reading the configuration instructions written into a bit file. Changing the file changes the function of the FPGA.
As flexible as they are, microprocessors are always and only microprocessors: single-purpose hardware that is capable only of executing (relatively slowly) instructions in one machine language. An FPGA, instead, becomes whatever hardware you need. It can morph into a microprocessor, a game console, a real-time IP switch or encryption device, an antitheft server or anything else you can imagine. The only limits are that your circuit cannot require more transistors or external pins than those physically present on the chip, and it can't go faster than the intrinsic propagation delay from gate to gate.
That said, modern FPGAs are powerful enough to let you squeeze several Linux-compatible microprocessors, like the Nios, the PowerPC or the Microblaze, inside them and still have lots of room for your own custom circuits. In many cases, you can load certified CPU designs from libraries and place them on silicon with simple commands, creating very flexible, complete systems inside just one chip.
The major manufacturers of FPGAs and other programmable ICs are Altera and Xilinx, followed by Lattice and Atmel. Although the example in this article uses Xilinx products, the general procedure is the same with all vendors, and all of them have similar boards. In all cases, the design software is closed-source and often expensive, but it is possible to download either free trial versions valid for one or two months, or free versions with reduced functionality but free upgrades and no expiration date.
The current way to design FPGAs is to write a behavioral model in a Hardware Description Language (HDL), like Verilog or VHDL, which supports concurrency and synchronous circuits. Concurrency allows you to create fully parallel, independent processes, each describing how to update some variables continuously. Synchronous circuits, instead, are those made of flip-flops that change their state only on the edge of some clock signal.
After the design has been written and verified with an HDL simulator, a compiler creates a list of all the logic gates and the wires (nets) that must connect them to reproduce the functionality of the HDL model. After this logic synthesis, layout programs read the netlist and several constraints files to find out which logic gates inside the FPGAs must be used and which physical, internal wires must connect them to each other. The end result is the bit file that the FPGA reads at power-up.
The official Xilinx design suite is called ISE Foundation (www.xilinx.com/ise), and the reduced functionality version is called Webpack. Both programs run on Windows, Red Hat Enterprise and SUSE Linux Enterprise (32- or 64-bit). Other Linux distributions may work too, but there is no guarantee.
ISE has a graphical installer where you must accept the software license and enter the key you got after a free registration on the Xilinx Web site. After it's finished, you'll find a script called settings32.sh or settings64.sh in the installation directory—that's the one you have to source to add the Xilinx software to your path. After this, type ise at the prompt to launch the Project Navigator (Figure 1). This is a front end to a bunch of specialized programs, one for each design phase. You also can run most of these back-end utilities from the command line. The Navigator includes a Tcl prompt and, if you select Project→Generate Tcl Script, it will save all the commands you entered through the GUI as a Tcl script.
Other ISE components, like the simulator, the FPGA Editor and ChipScope, have graphical interfaces. You'd use the FPGA Editor to place and connect single gates manually when the software fails to do it according to your specs. ChipScope is like a software oscilloscope with a USB probe. During synthesis, you can add special circuits to your design that will buffer the internal signals you want to see and send them over a USB cable to the ChipScope software for display. We'll see the ISE HDL simulator at work in a moment.
The board I got from Xilinx for this article is the Spartan-3AN Starter Kit (Figure 2), based on the Spartan XC3S700AN FPGA (Figure 3), which contains about 700K system gates. Around it there are several memory chips, a 50MHz onboard clock, a connector for an external clock and several extra components, from D/A and A/D converters to generic I/O pins, assorted LEDs, sliders and push buttons and, finally, a two-line LCD display. The ports (Figure 4), are enough to make a full-custom Linux PC out of this board: 10/100 Ethernet/PHY, USB, keyboard, VGA, serial and stereo mini-jack for PWM audio. A universal power adapter and USB cable are included, as are four different bit files that demonstrate the capabilities of the FPGA. The corresponding design files are freely downloadable from the Xilinx Web site.
Articles about Digital Rights and more at http://stop.zona-m.net CV, talks and bio at http://mfioretti.com
hi, how i can download this article, about fpa on linux: article/10330
VHDL, Verilog, SystemC Linux live CD
Hi guys,
I read your article on FPGA design on Linux. May I suggest you have a look at SCLive. It's a 200 something MB liveCD (can be made persistent on USB stick) dedicated to hardware description languages. It has tutorials on VHDL, Verilog, SystemC and has all the tools (open source) required to start designing with those HDLs.
Don't hesitate to contact me if you need more info.
David Cabanis.
davidcabanis AT gmail DOT com
As Linux continues to play an ever increasing role in corporate data centers and institutions, ensuring the integrity and protection of these systems must be a priority. With 60% of the world's websites and an increasing share of organization's mission-critical workloads running on Linux, failing to stop malware and other advanced threats on Linux can increasingly impact an organization's reputation and bottom line.
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write the first review
A blend of cucumber and grapefruit emits a light and clean, yet luxuriously exotic scent. A gentle wash for fine fabrics. Ideal for hosiery, intimate apparel, silks, cashmeres, swim suits and bed linens. Easy to use for hand-washing or in the washing machine at delicate cycle. 8 oz
Copyright © 2015 Bluemercury. All Rights Reserved.


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Current Time
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Santa Fe , New Mexico
Tel: 505 982 9304
Concierge.com's insider take:
About a ten-minute drive from Santa Fe's Plaza, this day spa in a fantastic mountain location feels like a world away. There are the usual body wraps and specialized massages, but the primary emphasis is on public and private hot baths, where guests bob around in the hot, bubbly mineral water, pop into the attached saunas, and kick back in the sun. There's a clothing-optional communal tub and a women-only tub, but we recommend renting a private hot bath such as Waterfall: Enclosed by a wood fence, with partial views of the mountain, it has its own sauna and small waterfall. Genuine New Mexican pricing is in effect, too: Private baths run from $30 per person for an hour. If you can't get enough of the serene environment or views, you can also stay in the ryokan-style rooms.
Open March through October Mondays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays 10:30 am to 10:30 pm; Tuesdays 2:30 to 10:30 pm, and Fridays through Sundays 9:30 am to 10:30 pm. November through February Mondays and Wednesdays 10 am to 9:30 pm, Tuesdays 3:45 to 9:30 pm, Thursdays 10 am to 9:30 pm, and Fridays through Sundays 9 am to 10:30 pm.
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text:
Adrian Dimcev's Blog
I'm not a Mac user. However, recently I had the chance to test the Mac OS X 10.4.8 and Mac OS X 10.4.10 as L2TP/IPsec VPN clients with ISA Server 2006 as L2TP/IPsec VPN server. I've decided to put a couple of notes regarding what I have observed. In this part we will talk about using certificates for IKE authentication. In a future part, we will talk about using pre-shared keys. Pre-shared keys are a weak authentication method, but they can be useful for testing. I do not have currently access to a Mac OS X 10.5.x machine. When/if I will have access to such a machine, I will test to see what happens.
I've started configuring and connecting with a Mac OS X 10.4.8 machine. I thought I got it working, but when I attempted to connect with a Mac OS X 10.4.10 machine, I could not. So I needed to make some changes in order to make it work.
I've first prepared ISA. I'm using an Enteprise CA(Windows 2003 Standard R2 SP2).
Read more...
Tags: isa server, vpn, mac os x
ISA Server | Mac OS X | VPN
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text:
A newer version of TrueCrypt is available.
This download is served from an external site
closeNOTICE: This link will open a connection to a third-party site. CNET cannot ensure the security of software that is hosted on external sites.
Sponsored Products
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"Becareful with ZoneAlarm Firewall"
Don't know I couldn't run it.
Couldn't get it to work as there is a conflict with ZoneAlarm Firewall
Seems to have a conflict with ZoneAlarm Firewall. I tried once (last year) to install it on my hard drive but there were conflicts with ZoneAlarm firewall (TrueVector closed down)...not very good if you are surfing on the net!!! Today I tried to install it on a pen drive....the same result (TrueVector closed down) due to a conflict. I have started a thread at the Zonealarm forum so I'll keep you informed.


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Motherwell forward John Sutton admits his side still have plenty to improve on despite their 2-1 win at Ross County.
John Sutton claims there was a sense of disappointment in the Motherwell team after the 3-3 draw with Hibernian.
Defender Fraser Kerr has completed a permanent switch to Motherwell after signing a two-year contract at Fir Park.
John Sutton has returned to Motherwell after signing a two-year contract.
Hibernian and Hearts drew 0-0 in a controversial Edinburgh derby match at Easter Road.
Motherwell struck twice in the opening 10 minutes to secure a 2-1 SPL win at Hearts on Saturday.
John Sutton feared his Hearts career was finished after previous boss Paulo Sergio sent him on loan to the other side of the world.
John Sutton remains hopeful that he has a long-term future at Hearts despite admitting he was 'ushered out' of the club.
Hearts forward John Sutton is on his way to Australia after the Central Coast Mariners confirmed a four-month loan deal has been agreed.
Paulo Sergio has confirmed John Sutton is on the verge of a move from Hearts to Central Coast Mariners in Australia.
Sky Sportsunderstands that Hearts striker John Sutton has joined Central Coast Mariners on a six-month loan deal.
Central Coast Mariners are hoping to seal a deal for Hearts star John Sutton, Sky Sports understands.
St Mirren boss Danny Lennon will look elsewhere after seeing his bid to take John Sutton on loan rejected by Hearts.
Hearts striker John Sutton has insisted he is happy to stay at Tynecastle and fight for a place in Paulo Sergio's side.
Hearts have continued their recruitment drive by signing striker John Sutton on a three-year contract.
Skysports.com understands that Hearts are leading the chase for Motherwell striker John Sutton.
Neil Lennon has labelled reports linking Celtic with Motherwell striker John Sutton as speculation.
Motherwell star John Sutton will not be making a decision on his future until after the Scottish Cup final, skysports.com understands.
Motherwell have made striker John Sutton the best offer possible to stay, according to manager Stuart McCall.
Motherwell are looking to fend off interest from the Old Firm and England to keep striker John Sutton.
Watch every goal from every game in the Football League on your computer, mobile or tablet...


text:
Children's Oral Health Month
Each February, the American Dental Association (ADA) sponsors National Children's Dental Health Month to raise awareness about the importance of oral health. NCDHM messages and materials have reached millions of people in communities across the country.
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Getting the flu feels awful. Sometimes it can even be dangerous and lead to severe illness and complications, including death. The best way to prevent the flu is by getting a flu vaccination each year. Click the banner above to learn what you need to do to fight the flu anywhere you go.
You and Your Toddler
Feelings add spark to life. They can be both satisfying and upsetting. Feelings try to tell us something, usually about what we need to feel content. Toddlers will tell you what is going on by expressing strong feelings: shrieking for joy or screaming in anger. Toddlers have an uncontrollable desire to find out about themselves and their world.
Enterovirus D68
It's been in the news a lot lately in New Mexico and nationwide: a virus that's making hundreds of children around the country very sick, and in some cases even sending them to hospitals with severe coughing and trouble breathing. Learn who is at risk, how to protect yourself, what the symptoms are, how it is diagnosed, how it's treated, and more.
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Join the hundreds of thousands of moms who receive free text messages throughout their pregnancy and their baby's first year. You'll receive critical health tips timed to where you are in your pregnancy, critical health and safety tips timed to your baby's age up to baby's first birthday.
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CANYON CANDY is an audio-visual collaboration between filmmaker Mike Anderson and Javelin (Tom Van Buskirk and George Langford). Read more
CANYON CANDY is an audio-visual collaboration between filmmaker Mike Anderson and Javelin (Tom Van Buskirk and George Langford).
About this project
Help us make the psychedelic western film companion to the new Javelin 10" CANYON CANDY!
WHAT: The lone survivor of a brutal massacre, a young girl is plunged into hallucinatory chase through a day and night in the American Southwest. Directed by Mike Anderson and produced by Oscar Boyson, Canyon Candy is unlike any previous Western. Part poem, part play, a modern silent film wholly created on a soundstage: this is the first western of its kind to be shot in the New York Metropolitan Area since The Great Train Robbery was filmed in Milltown, New Jersey in 1903. Completely handmade, Canyon Candy will employ old studio western methods such as rear-projection, dioramas, and scenic matte painting to create a stunningly unorthodox visual rendering of the American West. Javelin's original score fuses original compositions with dollar-bin mined samples. This is a collaborative work unlike any before it - help us make it happen!
HOW: The film will be shot on a soundstage in Brooklyn, New York between April 7th and April 10th. We've already begun the building process, prop construction, and costume design. We will be painting matte backgrounds, building cabins and wagons, outfitting actors, and prepping the set for the next month. The shoot will represent the culmination of a month's worth of building and designing.
MONEY: We've been fortunate enough to secure the time and labor of a great many talented individuals, but we still need space to shoot in, materials for construction (wood, plaster, paint), props (cacti, guns, wagons), costumes (shirts, hats, boots, neckerchiefs), lights for the soundstage, food if we're lucky, and numerous other production costs. If you can't donate, but you've got a horse or some boots or some other useful prop or costume, that's just as good. For those who can donate, we have some of the best prizes available on kickstarter. Please join us on this project and help in whichever way you can!
Have a question? If the info above doesn't help, you can ask the project creator directly.
Pledge $10 or more
15 backers
Receive a thank you postcard from Javelin and a digital mixtape of novelties and rarities.
Pledge $25 or more
65 backers
Official Canyon Candy Playbutton (playbutton.co), DVD, and the above.
Pledge $50 or more
34 backers
Signed copy of No Más vinyl, handmade copy of JAMZ N JEMZ, and the above.
Pledge $75 or more
6 backers
Personalized outgoing voicemail jam by Javelin, Javelin Poster, and the above.
Pledge $100 or more
13 backers
First opportunity to get a signed copy of the CANYON CANDY 10" EP, Playbutton, DVD, Javelin Poster, and Javelin T-Shirt.
Pledge $200 or more
4 backers Limited (4 left of 8)
One-of-a-kind Endless Loop tape, and all of the above.
Pledge $300 or more
0 backers
Canyon Candy 10" EP plus choice of either an Original Western Costume piece from the film CANYON CANDY (first come first served) or an Original Boom Box from the actual Javelin Boombaataa (first come first served), plus the Playbutton and the DVD.
Pledge $500 or more
1 backer
One time access to Javelin Car Service (we will drive you anywhere in the NYC area in a Crown Victoria), plus one of the following: original Thrill Jockey 12", Thrill Jockey 12" test pressing, test pressing of a Luaka Bop Javelin release- No Mas, Canyon Candy 10", new 7". plus the Playbutton and the DVD
Pledge $1,000 or more
1 backer
Canyon Candy 10" EP, Play Button and DVD, and a cameo in the film. Die with your boots on. Must be in NYC area.
Pledge $1,500 or more
2 backers
Javelin plays your party. You supply the soundsystem and location must be within a couple hours of NYC at a date mutually convenient for you and the band. Plus the Canyon Candy 10" EP, Playbutton, and DVD.
Pledge $5,000 or more
0 backers
Executive Producer credit. Javelin plays your party. Plus the Canyon Candy 10" EP, Playbutton, and DVD.
Funding period
- (30 days)


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at1with0 wrote:Or the meek are swept away.
Well put. You were able to articulate exactly what I happen to think.
On a different note.. You seen bladerunner? Remember how Rebecca (a replicant) was implanted with memories of a childhood? It's plausible that in every moment we are implanted with memories of our entire past, though I'm not sure why that would be.
You've probably heard of the butterfly effect. Well if a butterfly can cause a tornado, then what can a tornado cause?? Of course I mean that metaphorically, the meek and the not so meek.
Bladerunner, nope, prolly should then.
Yeah I like that question.... but what is meek anyways?
I once had a vision of being in the eye of a tornado, it was the will of God
coming for me, and I stood there and said I was ready. Luckily
no I did not fly to pieces, as everything I had not needed was already
gone.....and I just had not known it for some time. Kind of like
someone else that I know.


text:
Marianas Trench Host Their Own Children's TV Show In 'Here's To The Zeros'
Watch now!
Who (Or What) Is A Cashmere Cat?
Our new fave artist
Quiz! How Well Do You Know This Year's Juno Nominees?
Test your knowledge
Jared Leto Loses His Long Locks: Good Riddance Or Great Tragedy?
Join the debate
April 24th, 2012
Don't let their name or looks fool you because though they look like punk teenagers from your local mall and their name is pretty crass, Skip The Foreplay has a pretty surprising sound. They're a metalcore group from Montreal, but they combine influences from screamo, electro, rock, and dubstep all to create this unique and alive sound. Skip The Foreplay just completed their first tour with Falling in Reverse and can be found this summer on the Vans Warped Tour.
On their album Nightlife you'll find some extreme drum skills going down on their track DTK. We're a huge fan of the dub-step heavy track, Dinner with Snooki which can only make us wonder if they actually watch The Jersey Shore. Their high energy sound will probably wake up your senses (and perhaps your neighbours.)
Favourite tracks: DTK, Dinner with Snooki, Shots
Their album Nightlife comes out on May 1st, but you can listen to their entire album before it drops on MuchMusic's First Spin here. Listen to other First Spin Singles from artists like Japandroids or Coldplay here, and if you want more of a beat then check out First Spin Singles Remixed which features artists like Redd, Snoop Dogg, and Akon here.
And if you're new to metal core and don't actually know what they're saying, dip your toes into the water with their cover of Champagne Showers by LMFAO in this tour video below:
Tags: Skip the Foreplay
Posted on Tuesday, April 24th, 2012 at 12:39 pm by Aimee and is filed under Blog, Music.


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Serve this zesty ratatouille of pasta and vegetables - a hearty French dinner ready in just 25 minutes!
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Ratatouille is a classic recipe from Provence, the southern region of France. It incorporates the sunny area's produce, such as eggplant, tomatoes, onions, bell peppers, garlic and herbs. This recipe contains all the classic ingredients, plus pasta and beans to make it a complete meal.
Dried beans, such as the black beans in this recipe, are a rich source of fiber and a very low-fat source of protein.
Crusty French bread is all this pasta meal needs to be complete.
Add any leftovers to a soup you have on hand, or to a simple fresh soup base you have quickly prepared with vegetable broth and tomatoes.
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text: Dear Reader, The Midnight Palace is the second in a series of novels I wrote for young adults in the 1990s, back when even I was probably more young than adult myself! Writing for the young, or the young at heart, is a risky business and I learned that teenagers are a notoriously demanding and honest audience. My intention when crafting these books was to create stories that would appeal to them; also that they would hopefully be enjoyed by more mature and experienced fellow travellers for whom they might rekindle memories of the first books they had read, those magical tales of mystery and adventure that every reader hoards in the treasure chest of their brain. So whether you are young or young at heart, I hope you will enjoy this ride into the twilight world of Calcutta in the 1930s, where the shadows of the night are thicker than blood. Never mind the number of candles on your birthday cake – for those in the know, it's what lies beneath them that matters!


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Identification number in the register: 1404621848-82
The information on this entity was last modified on: 22/12/2014 11:11:05
This entry follows the format of the previous Register. It will be changed to the new format when the entity makes the next update.
Registration date: 22/12/2008 12:06:09
The date of the last annual update was: 22/12/2014 11:11:05
Next update due latest on: 27/04/2015
Safeguard for Agricultural Varieties in Europe
SAVE Foundation
Dutch Foundation (in Germany: Stiftungsverein e.V.)
III - Non-governmental organisations
Non-governmental organisations, platforms and networks and similar
Dreijenlaan 2
Gebouw De Valk
Wageningen 6703 HA
(+31) 0654922275
Project office:
Neugasse 30
9000 St. Gallen
Ms Nonja Remijn
executive vice chairman
Ms Waltraud Kugler
Project Director
The European SAVE Foundation (Safeguard for Agricultural Varieties in Europe) is an international NGO. It was founded in 1993 as a European umbrella organisation. SAVE supports the conservation of biodiversity in agriculture. SAVE is involved in in-situ and on-farm conservation of endangered livestock breeds and cultivated plants. SAVE cooperates closely with animal breeders and animal keepers, promotes cross-border exchange of information and, if necessary, buys and transfers animals. SAVE is linked to numerous national organisations and co-ordinates supranational activities. The SAVE Board of Directors consists of 15 members from 13 different countries.
The European SAVE Network consists of the SAVE Foundation and its (at the moment) 22 national organisations in 15 countries. SAVE cooperates with further partner-NGOs in Europe, and it is mainly active in Southern and Eastern Europe. There is a Network Office in Wageningen, GThe netherlands and a Project Office in St. Gallen, Switzerland. Website of the European SAVE Network:
see SAVE Activity Report 2014 http://www.save-foundation.net/docu/reports/SAVE_activity_2014.pdf
No accredited persons |
Arche Austria(100),
Steunpunt Levend Erfgoed SLE(1178),
Semperviva Society(20),
Gesellschaft zur Erhaltung alter und gefährdeter Haustierrassen(2080),
Verein zur Erhaltung der Nutzpflanzenvielfalt(600),
Verein zur Erhaltung und Rekultivierung von Nutzpflanzen in Brandenbur(467),
Irish Seed Savers Association(1650),
Associazione R.A.R.E.(345),
Stichting de Oerakker(56),
Stichting Zeldzame Huisdierrassen(100),
BOBS, Breeders of old Breeds of Serbia(20),
Natura Balkanika Nature Society(50),
Foundation ProSpecieRara(11000),
Safeguard for Agrobiodiversity in Transcarpathia(8),
ODLB Association of Old Danish Livestock Breeds(100),
Conservation Foundation Network (Közalapítvány-hálózat)(1000),
Sortengarten Suedtirol(100)
- IUCN, the World Conservation Union (www.iucn.org)
- RBI (Rare Breeds International, www.rarebreedsinternational.org)
- Avalon Network (www.avalon.nl)
- European Regional Focal Point for Animal Genetic Resources, Observer Status
- UN-FAO, consultancy status
- GEF NGO network
01/2013 - 12/2013
202,296 €
0 €
0 €
0 €
0 €
0 €
202,296 €
197,248 €
5,048 €
< 50,000 €
Our projects and activities are mainly funded by private foundations. We also have projects running under the Swiss Contribution to Romania and the UN-FAO Funding Strategy for the Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources. We currently receive no EU funding.
By its registration the organisation has signed the Transparency Register Code of Conduct.


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Still riding that Super Bowl halftime high, fans rejoiced when Beyoncé announced her world tour late Sunday night. But then, as our hangovers — both real and emotional — subsided, and the mountains of chicken wings and nachos we consumed became but a dream, we were able to see clearly. And we realized, like, really realized, that Beyoncé named her tour after her husband. Basically. Ms. Independent Woman named her tour "The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour," and we're a little confused.
Here are the things we do understand: Beyoncé is one half of the biggest power couple this side of the Obamas, Jay-Z is amazing, and the two of them are beautiful and perfect together. What we don't understand, is when Beyoncé became overly obsessed with her husband. Because if she's not there already, she's perilously close.
RELATED: Beyonce Announces 'The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour'
First, during the Super Bowl, Beyoncé flashed a mysterious triangle sign with her hands, spurring rumors of crazed Illuminati tendencies. But fans of the couple know that the symbol is instead a signature of Jay-Z's, and doesn't harken back to the mysterious cult at all. In joining her index fingers and thumbs together and raising her hands high for all to see, Bey was giving her husband a nod. Which is nice, really and truly. We love that Beyoncé wanted to give her boo a shout-out on stage. But then, hot on the performance's heels, Beyoncé revealed her tour's name. And suddenly, in the place of Queen B, we have Mrs. Carter. Let the head-scratching commence!
Now, we know that for all of her songs of female empowerment, Beyoncé has always been a bit traditional (and traditional and feminist are in no way, shape, or form mutually exclsive). The endgame of "Single Ladies" is, after all, marriage. But, while Beyoncé reminded us that girls run the world, we can't help but wonder why she has decided to brand her latest world domination endeavor with that moniker of the patriarchal marital system. Why is Beyoncé hiding behing "Mrs. Carter"? We know you're proud of your marriage and your family, Bey — as you should be! — but don't shy away from owning your own spotlight. You never have before.
RELATED: Beyonce at the Super Bowl: 47 Reasons The Halftime Show Was Better Than The Game
Follow Abbey Stone on Twitter @abbeystone
[Photo Credit: AP Images]
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Adam Brody, Leighton Meester Dating?


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Marine Plus Inc | 802-425-5551 | 6720 Route 7, PO Box 65, North Ferrisburgh, VT, 05473 | email@example.com | firstname.lastname@example.com | firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: 802-425-5551
Fax: 802-425-5515
6720 Route 7, PO Box 65
North Ferrisburg, VT, 05473, USA
Hours of Operation:
Monday thru Friday: 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM
Saturday: 9:00 AM to 2:00 PM
Sunday: Closed
Open any time by appointment
Images provided by SuperMedia are for personal, non-commercial use. Republication, retransmission or reproduction of images provided by SuperMedia is strictly prohibited.
The Vermont State Police changed the guidelines for distance learning. So, the old Boat Vermont boat and PWC safety course and test was discontinued on February 2, 2009.
Learn more about the
Vermont Boaters Safety Course
• Routine maintenance is essential if you want to be on the lake more than off it. Water pump impellers have a life span of approximately 3 years. When was yours last checked?
What we're saying is that small fixes can become big problems if left unchecked. We know you want to be out on the water for as long as our summer allows so give us a call now and we can make sure your boat is ready when you are.
• We are currently starting powerwashing,compounding and waxing.
• Spring tune ups for inboard , outboard and stern drives.
• We also do trailer inspections.
• Bottom painting and light cosmetic work.
• We use biodegradable and environmentally friendly products whenever possible to maintain the health of your boat and of our beautiful state.
• We have NEW and used boats for sale.
MARINE PLUS is a locally owned and operated small business..remember buy local first. Thank you to all our loyal customers and friends.


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Washington Navel Oranges
I think these are Washington Navels--I could be labeling better. Sometimes I don't remember what they are until they start fruiting. This tree is about six feet tall and relatively trouble free. Valencias seem to be most colorful in the summer and Navels in the winter.
Here is a link that might be useful:
Not sure by any means but the fruit looks just like my Washington navel. Mine start to taste fully ripe about Jan 1 and last thru March. This is in my greenhouse.
What are those nice white flowers in picture 11 of 44? They almost look like gardenia. Are they fragrant? Oh, if they are, if only I could get my hands on one of them:-)
I was wondering. Do you grow anything in a greenhouse? How cold does it get there and how to you heat it if so?
By the way, that palm covered with snow in that blizzard, did it survive? If so, you know what's next right?lol Beautiful, all your pics!
Thanks man.
Meyer Mike, the white flowers are Southern Magnolia. I planted an row of them along one of the property lines for a privacy wall. There are many different varieties of the same species (Magnolia grandiflora). Most flower most heavily in June into July, but the Little Gems were in bloom at Halloween. I have enough leaves in the autumn leaf drop so only planted evergreens--these guys will drop a leaves (not all, but a lot) in May and June as the new leaves are emerging and the trees increase in height and girth. Yes, the flowers are aromatic (bees also love them!)
Zone 5 is too cold for them in the ground but you could grow Little Gem in containers for a while and their flowers are just as aromatic as the giant one. Also, you could grow Magnolia virginiana (I think), it is deciduous but the flowers are even more fragrant than grandiflora in my opinion. Winter 2010 was VERY bad here in terms of coastal storms and prolonged cold (in fact, every season has been a real challenge in terms of extremes...heat...drought...flooding...WIND...you name it! I lost one Butia capitata and one of the Windmills last winter (four currently remain in the ground)--the Sabal lousiana and Needle palms went through just fine though.
I don't have a "greenhouse" but use a large garage to overwinter a good many of the plants. It faces directly south and the doors were replaced with glass so it get a lot of sun. I run a small space heater and a fan and keep an eye on the temps. Temps in the winter must range from 32 f. to 70f..
You know, I really appreciate the info about the Magnolia! I am actually going to e-bay it and see if I can get me hands on one for sure.
I was wondering if you actually have to protect any of your palms and if in your opinion you think I could actually plant one in my ground up here? I would think I would have to protect it though.
Would you believe that I am actually experimenting with 2 Fig trees hardy to zone 6 covered very well with tarp, insulation, hay, and burlap. Wish me luck man:-)
Sounds like you have a great set-up for sure in your garage! If you don't mind me asking, do you hold other plants in there other than citrus? I would think you could over-winter fig,camelia,and maybe fragrant olive and a few palms?
I saw all them storms for your area with extreme changes in temps. Talk about a challenge to keep your plants from dying. Sounds like you are doing well with that too.
Boy, you must have one GREAT looking yard by the summer I tell you. All kinds of tropicals mixed with local stuff:-)
Yes, other than Citrus, I overwinter the following:
Cycads (Cycas revoluta, Dioon, Encephalartos)
Araucaria (Norfolk Island pine--one about 15 feet tall)
California and Mexican Fan palms (some of which are hybrids)
Butia capitatas
non-hardy Windmills (the hardy ones are in the ground)
tropical yuccas
Sweet olive
Date palms (most grown from seed- canariensis, dactylifera--true date, a few more species of Date palms--roebellini, and a few hardier ones)
Live Oak
bananas (Himalayans, Basjoos, Chinese Yellow)
Queen palms
Chilean Wine palm
a few non hardy Sabal palms
Camellia japonica is hardy here so I don't use the garage for these. I probably should put my figs inside--they are more tender than a few of the palm!
In terms of the palms, you would have to provide some protection--if only from moisture. Do you have a warmer/drier site (south side of house for example/good drainage). I would suggest a Needle palm (Raphidophyllum). They will tolerate my cold just fine because summers are long and hot as h#ll--this one requires summer heat. Also good is Sabal louisiana--a heat lover but will put up with cold and snow. If you do get Magnolias, be sure to get the Little Gem variety. Yes, I know that it too wants to be a BIG tree (but it IS slower growing/more compact than the others--good for containers--but you will need to protect in the winter in a cool place. My only problem with the Magnolias is that the deer LOVE rutting the big one because Magnolia trunk wood is soft--on their antlers--on the other hand they would starve before eating their green leaves even in the dead of winter!
here is a quick cold frame I built over my inground butia capitata "pindo palm". It and the other small one have already seen lows in the 20's with highs less than freezing with no problems at all before I built this. from what I have read in the palm forum and other places the biggest killer is a combination of cold and wet. i put some christmas lights and a flood light pointed at the trunk and the temp stayed about 15 degrees warmer than outside (at the trunk)
The citrus is a small part of my greenhouse fruit. The really good fruit is the apricot, pluot, nectarine, and sweet cherries. Also have blueberry, persimmon, blackberry, peach, plum, and figs. Most of this fruit needs protection from summer rain. That's one reason I have a greenhouse not a high tunnel that could be open in summer.
Where are you located? You might be able to manage a full greenhouse if you aren't at too low elevation where it's too hot in summer.
Sounds like you have a lot of good things to eat! Im in Tulsa. We can grow some of the fruit you can. I have a small lean to greenhouse that I overwinter my container citrus, bananas, and other tropicals. I just want to try putting some citrus in ground and protect them. We had record lows this past February(-15)so it would be a challenge but I like a good challenge.
My greenhouse citrus does well with daytime temperatures in winter as low as I can maintain, mostly 50s for highs. This is to allow chilling of the other fruits. At night I maintain 34F minimum. The temperature is in the 30s at night for many months with no ill effects.
In Tulsa your winter average lows aren't much below freezing. In fact yours are about like here. So your heating bill won't be that high if you heat to 34F. I'd maintain winter highs in the 60s to maybe as high as 80s. By maintain I don't mean heat that high. Go with what the sun allows but not higher than the 80s.
During the freeze free period your weather uncovered is good for citrus. They can take the rain...but not hail. I'd cover your tunnel with 30% black woven polypropylene shade cloth in summer.
Here is a link that might be useful: climate comparison Alpine TX vs Tulsa OK
I usually dont let my greenhouse get to far below 50. Mine is only 8'x6' with the high point at the house of 7'. It heats up very fast on a good sunny day and I have noticed that if I let it get below 50 overnight I get some leaf drop. It is automatically vented when it hits 85.
Im amazed how comparable our average lows are to yours. Its inevitable that sometime during the winter we will have a good week or so well below freezing both day and night that makes it hard for us to grow to many sensitive plants.
Is the orange tree you posted in a container? it looks pretty big. Id love to see a full picture of it as it looks so healthy.
I get very little leaf drop. What little I get is only when I go to highs in the 70s to 80s in about February. There has never been any leaf drop in winter, zero, and I've done the same thing for 7 years. My temperatures are modeled after those in central California where they grow almost any fruit you can imagine including 1,000 of acres of citrus.
So your leaf drop may be more associated with too warm by day than too cold at night. It's the heat that will stress the tree if the roots aren't functioning well enough due to cold soil as say after a series of cold cloudy days.
It's hard to get a picture of the full tree which is planted inground and about 9ft tall. Other things get in the way when you back up enough for a full picture. And right now it's heavily overcast. I'll try later in the day.
Your climate is really pretty good for a greenhouse citrus project.
This is about the best I can do for a whole tree picture.
I see two options for your greenhouse temperatures. Keep the greenhouse warmer during cold spells. This would keep the roots growing better so they could supply enough water when the sun comes out and temp hits 90F. Or run cold at night like I do and hold down on temperature and sun when those first sunny days hit after a cold spell. The later will probably cut your heating bill by 75-90%.
Mine do great with a cool winter but they don't grow for many months. Some people can't accept that. But my fruit is very good and that's my concern.
Awesome tree, Fruit!
I agree with Mike, great talk.
I keep my citrus between 40ish and 80ish (max) during the Winter. No leaf drop.
Of course, my cold-frame is outdoors, since the weather is fairly mild here.
This morning the low temp was 26F.
wow fruit that tree is great! That is some good inspiration for sure. Im going to put a couple of the bigger trees in ground next year(meyer and key lime) and build protection for them next winter. Maybe Ill get a large harvest like that one day.
Thanks for sharing!!


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By Mike Pollitt
16 March 2012, 10:58
"I'll tell you what we're looking at, young man: A town gone mad. A town whose very conscience was washed away in a tide of beer and green vomit."
Kent Brockman describes St Patrick's Day, which is tomorrow! Many of you will mark it by getting drunk and disgracing yourself in front of the rugby. If that's sounds bit too Irish for you, The Roundhouse in Camden has an afternoon of traditional Celtic music, basket weaving, and blarney stone painting. Details here. Then there's more stuff on there in the evening. Booze optional, remember.


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SearchCore subsequently sold Weedmaps to RMJ BV, a private Dutch company, with the provision that SearchCore retained sole right to use the application for anything except marijuana, and the private Dutch company could use it only for marijuana. So, the people who invested in Hartfield in order to invest in marijuana got royally screwed.
SearchCore stock is now selling for a nickel ($0.058), if you can find anyone to buy it. And Hartfield, the man who in 2009 told the Wall Street Journal that medical marijuana is a "farce", is today treasurer of NORML.
(The penny-stock currently trading under the symbol CANA (Cannabis-RX) is not the same people or business. It is a real-estate scheme.)
Read entire article.
On Thursday, December 19th, Ed Rosenthal announced on Facebook the filing of his Cannabis Policy Reform Act. This was just over a week after a Field Poll announced on December 10th that a greater percentage of California voters (56%) would vote for the California Cannabis Hemp Initiative than supported legalizing marijuana (55%).
My initial reaction bordered on outrage:
You people whine and bleat about "unity", but all you do is divide, divide, divide. You said you weren't going to run an initiative this year, until you saw the Jack Herer initiative had a good chance, so then you come along and decide you and your deep pockets will blow his initiative out of the water.
If you were really about legalization you would be helping to get CCHI 2014 on the ballot rather than competing with it. Asshole.
It appears I wasn't alone. Pebbles Trippet summed it all up nicely:
Each one undercutting the others means none of them will get anywhere.
From: Letitia Pepper
Subject: Why AB 2312 Is Unconstitutional Under Prop. 215, and Bad for the Local Economy
To: email@example.com
Date: Wednesday, June 20, 2012, 6:38 AM
Please pass the following concerns about AB 2312 on to the members of the Senate. Thank you.
I have been an attorney for not quite 30 years, during much of which time I worked for appellate court justices analyzing cases and legislation from a neutral perspective.
I have been a medical marijuana patient (for MS) for about five years.
I am also the Director of Legal and Legislative Analysis for Crusaders for Patients Rights, a non-profit corporation based in Sacramento, CA that supports people legally using cannabis as medicine.
I am opposed to AB 2312, which purports to turn the individual rights held by individual patients under Prop. 215, who have the right to collectively organize, pursuant to the state and constitutional right to freedom of association, into a right that can be held by a limited number of entities. It also purports to allow local governments to ban collectives and to tax cannabis. These provisions are all clearly contrary to Prop. 215, and will lead to litigation, which the State will lose, based on Prop. 215′s status, as a People-enacted initiative, as controlling over contrary legislation by the People's elected officials.
I am also opposed to all efforts to tax cannabis as medicine, which is the only legal use of cannabis allowed under state and federal law.
While some people may be smirking about using the medical marijuana laws to use cannabis "recreationally," their deceptions have nothing to do with the only actual legal use of cannabis — as medicine. People get doctors to write prescriptions for prescription drugs which they are actually using "recreationally," yet no one is trying to tax prescription medications as a consequence. No more should the presence of recreational users among the flocks of patients be used as justification for taxing cannabis.
Pebbles Trippet of the Mendocino Medical Marijuana Advisory Board sent the following release 25 Jun 2012, courtesy of Donna Lambert:
From: Pebbles Trippet
To: Bill Gage <email@example.com>
Cc: Info at Mendocino Medical Marijuana Advisory Board <email@example.com>; Americans for Safe Access Safe Access <firstname.lastname@example.com>; Cailfornia NORML Gieringer <email@example.com>; Drug Policy Fdtn Fdtn <email@example.com>; MCN ListServes <firstname.lastname@example.com>; Save Cannabis Cannabis <email@example.com>; Mickey Martin <firstname.lastname@example.com>; Robert Sutherland <email@example.com>; C Aanastad <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Sent: Monday, June 25, 2012 4:31 AM
Subject: [Save Cannabis] AB 2312 opposition statement from Mendocino Medical Marijuana Advisory Board
To: Senators on the Businesses, Professions and Economic Development Committee (916) 324-0917 fax
From: Mendocino Medical Marijuana Advisory Board (MMMAB) / email@example.com
Re: Medical Marijuana Regulation / California Assembly Bill 2312 under consideration June 25, 2012 by the Senate Committee.
Mendocino Medical Marijuana Advisory Board is opposed to Assembly Bill 2312 as currently written, especially in the following areas:
Read entire article.


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UNSW Press
04 November 2013
There is no conflict between art and science: only the wide-eyed pursuit of cool ideas, writes Tim Minchin in 'The Best Australian Science Writing 2013', published by UNSW Press.pot
01 November 2013
Former senator and UNSW Adjunct Professor Bob Carr is writing a tell-all book comprised of the diaries he kept while serving as foreign minister.
20 December 2012
UNSW Press has won a number of awards in its 50th anniversary year, as the company rises to the challenges of digital publishing.
09 November 2012
University presses are rising to the challenge of changing technology and those who suggest the book is dead, says UNSW Press' Kathy Bail.
09 December 2011
UNSW and NewSouth Publishing have capped off a great year in book publishing with double wins in the Prime Minister's Prize for Australian History.
08 December 2009
Acclaimed journalist Kathy Bail has been appointed as the new Chief Executive of UNSW Press.


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- The Next Episode
- The Motto Remix Feat. Matt Dobbins
- 01First Song
- 02Track Number Two
- 03Third Song
- 04Composition #Four
- 055th
- 06Song
Molly June is a one of a kind musician. From her rocking out on the guitar to her insane verses on a beat there is no doubt she'll be the next big thing. Her versitily is one of a kind and it's amazing that she hasn't been fully discovered yet. Molly June grew up in Indianapolis, Indiana and has been in the hip hop scene for only about a year now. However, she has been writing music since she was around 7 years old. Molly has the live on the edge type of attitude and wants to show the world "anyone is capable of their dreams if they just believe". She wants people out there that feel like life isn't worth it to open their eyes and see that life is meaningful and you can make anything of it. Molly has chosen a brave and narrow road of making it in the music industry and she hopes one day she'll prove to everyone, if you want it, you can have it with hard work and an open mind.


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Happy Birthday, Michael Stipe!
Photo by Bart Everly |
We would argue that that particular comparison is up for debate, but suffice it to say that in many cases, the most effective singers, at least as far as rock realms are concerned, aren't always the most disciplined. In fact, it's generally attitude and not aptitude that dictates cred and competence. Which means Stipe's not alone when it comes to posturing and preening. Here are a few examples of other so-called singers who boast more swagger than skill.
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text:
Radiation-Emitting Products
Radiation-induced Skin Injuries from Fluoroscopy
Thomas B. Shope, Ph.D.
Office of Science and Technology
Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Food and Drug Administration
Rockville, Maryland 20857
This paper was presented as Scientific Exhibit 060PH at the 81st Scientific Asssembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America, November 26 - December 1, 1995. Radiology Vol. 197(P) Supplement, P449. This paper has also been accepted for publication in Radiographics scheduled for September 1996. Files containing JPEG digital versions of Figures 2(a) - 2(e) are provided via the links below. Additional information regarding radiation injuries from flouroscopy is available from the CDRH home page.
The purpose of this study was to investigate radiation injuries reported to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) resulting from therapeutic, interventional procedures performed under fluoroscopic guidance, and to investigate the procedure or equipment-related factors that may have contributed to the injury. Reports submitted to the FDA under both mandatory and voluntary reporting requirements which described radiation-induced skin injuries from fluoroscopy were investigated. Serious skin injuries, including moist desquamation and tissue necrosis, have occurred since 1992. These injuries have resulted from a variety of interventional procedures which have required extended periods of fluoroscopy compared to typical diagnostic procedures. Facilities conducting therapeutic interventional procedures need to be aware of the potential for patient radiation injury and take appropriate steps to limit the potential for injury.
- Keywords -
- radiation injury
- radiation protection
- fluoroscopy
- interventional radiology
Serious, radiation-induced skin injuries to patients have recently been reported which have resulted from fluoroscopically-guided, therapeutic, interventional procedures (1,2). The purpose of this paper is to describe the nature and circumstances of a number of these injuries, to alert staff involved in these procedures of this potential complication, to indicate the types of procedures which have resulted in such injuries, and to suggest steps which can taken to reduce the potential for such injuries.
During 1992 and 1993, the staff of the Center for Devices and Radiological Health of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) received a number of anecdotal, unverifiable reports of possible radiation injury to patients resulting from the use of fluoroscopic x-ray systems.
In early 1994, information became available which permitted verification of the nature and circumstances of some of these injuries. This information came primarily through the mandatory reporting requirements imposed on manufacturers and users of medical devices under the Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990 (3,4). As a result of these requirements, FDA began to receive reports of radiation-induced injuries during fluoroscopy.
Fluoroscopically-guided, therapeutic, interventional procedures are being performed with increasing frequency. These procedures are often the only available treatment, or the treatment of choice, to address serious, life-threatening conditions. Many of these procedures also have the characteristic of requiring extended periods of fluoroscopic exposure compared to the exposure times typically associated with diagnostic procedures.
An example of the increased frequency of interventional procedures of this growth is shown in Figure 1. It gives estimates of the number of radio-frequency (RF) cardiac catheter ablation procedures performed per year from a survey of 157 electrophysiology laboratories (5). The introduction of an array of new devices to facilitate the interventional treatment of a variety of vascular and other conditions is also contributing to increased numbers of interventional procedures.
Scheinmann MM. PACE Vol. 18:1474-1478, 1995
Figure 1. Annual number of RF catheter ablation procedures from a survey of 157 electrophysiology laboratories.
All reports of radiation injury resulting from fluoroscopy which have come to the attention of the FDA have been investigated to determine the nature and circumstances of the injury. The reports are usually received through the manufacturer of the x-ray system and contain minimal information regarding the circumstances of the injury. The investigation was conducted by telephone calls, letters and personal visits to the facilities or individuals involved. Provision of additional information to the FDA was voluntary and a majority of the facilities contacted declined to provide additional information due to concerns regarding liability or confidentiality.
Table 1 is a summary of the types of interventional procedures which have resulted in reports of skin injuries and the number of each type which have come to the attention of the FDA. The severity of the injuries reported range from erythema in a few cases, through moist desquamation, to skin necrosis requiring skin grafting for treatment in the most serious cases. It is very probable that the injuries which have come to the attention of the FDA represent an unknown fraction of the total number of radiation-induced injuries resulting from fluoroscopically-guided procedures.
Table 1. Reports Received by FDA of Skin Injury from Fluoroscopy (1)
Procedure with Number of Injuries Reported Report of Injury from Procedure _______________________________________________________ RF cardiac catheter ablation 12 Catheter placement for chemotherapy 1 Transjugular interhepatic portosystemic shunt 3 Coronary angioplasty 4 Renal angioplasty 2 Multiple hepatic/biliary procedures (angioplasty, stent placement, biopsy, etc.) 3 Percutaneous cholangiogram followed by multiple embolizations 1 (1) Reports received by FDA between January 1992 and October 1995. Some injuries occurred prior to 1992.
A sample of the injuries reported to the FDA is presented in Table 2. These are selected to illustrate the range of procedures and the severity of the injuries reported. The attempted investigation of the majority of the incidents was unsuccessful in determining information which would permit estimation of the absorbed doses to the skin which occurred. Either no records were maintained of the extent of the fluoroscopic exposure time and other technique factors or the facility was unwilling to share additional information because of ongoing legal actions or concerns regarding liability or adverse publicity.
Table 2. Examples of Skin Injuries from Fluoroscopy
Nature Fluoroscopic Patient Sex/Age Procedure of Injury Exposure Time ______________________________________________________________________________ A M/40 Coronary angiography Skin necrosis requiring Unknown - and PTCA followed by 12 cm x 10 cm Estimated to second coronary skin graft exceed 120 min. angiography B F/? RF Cardiac Catheter 7.5 cm x 12.5 cm Unknown Ablation second degree skin burn C F/25 RF Cardiac Catheter Skin breakdown 3 weeks Unknown - Ablation post procedure Procedure time of 325 min. D F/34 RF Cardiac Catheter Draining skin lesion on Unknown - Ablation on back 5 weeks post Procedure time procedure of 190 min. E F/62 Balloon dilation of Burn-like injury on Unknown bile duct back requiring skin anastomosis graft F F/61 Renal angioplasty Skin necrosis requiring Unknown - skin graft Procedure time of 165 min.
Table 3 presents an example of the magnitude of the skin exposures which can result from a complex case involving multiple diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The patient required multiple hepatic and biliary procedures, including percutaneous cholangiography, mesenteric angiography and multiple embolization procedures during a four-week period. The patient received an unknown amount of exposure from procedures performed prior to arrival at the tertiary care facility. The estimates of skin exposure were made by staff of the facility from data on system technique factors, total fluoroscopic exposure times, number of digital subtraction angiography frames, exposure rates during fluoroscopy and exposure per frame during DSA, patient thickness and system geometry which were recorded by the facility under a program instituted to monitor patient exposures.
Table 3. Example of Estimated Total Skin Exposure to One Patient from a Series of Biliary Procedures (1)
Fluoroscopy Estimated Skin Estimated Skin Exposure Exposure from Total Number Exposure from Procedure Time (min) Fluoroscopy (R) of DSA Frames DSA Frames (R) ____________________________________________________________________________ Percutaneous cholangiogram 21 184 16 2 Mesenteric angiogram and multiple embolizations (2) 187 1536 325 258 Hepatic embolizations 58 419 149 90 ____________________________________________________________________________ Total skin exposure from mode (3) 560 2170 350 (1) Procedures performed during four-week period. Estimates are of entrance skin exposure and do not include backscatter. (2) Two different fluoroscopy systems were used, due to equipment failure, and multiple dose rates (magnification modes) were used. (3) Total exposure may not have been delivered to a single area of skin due to movement of x-ray beam. Location of beam not monitored during various procedures.
The total skin exposure given in Table 3 of 650 x 10-3 C/kg (2,522 R), is not localized to a specific area of skin; the location and size of the irradiated area varied with procedure and projection. The x-ray field sizes and entrance field locations were not monitored during the procedures. However, most of the irradiation would have been to the area of the lower right back with a significant probability of overlapping of fields. Thus, the total exposure from Table 3 is an upper limit on the exposure to any specific area of skin and provides an indication that the potential for skin injury was significant in this case. In addition, the effect of dose fractionation due to the dose being delivered over a four-week period further complicates the estimation of the expected severity of the injury. Whether skin injury resulted from this series of procedures is unknown because the patient died two days after the last procedure.
Example of Injury
An example of a skin injury attributable to x-rays from fluoroscopy is shown in Figure 2. This case, patient A in Table 2, is that of a 40-year-old male who underwent coronary angiography, coronary angioplasty and a second angiography procedure due to complications, followed by a coronary artery by-pass graft, all on March 29, 1990. Figure 2(a) shows the area of injury six to eight weeks following the procedures. The injury was described as "turning red about one month after the procedure and peeling a week later." In mid-May 1990, it had the appearance of a second-degree burn. Figure 2(b) shows the condition in late summer 1990, exact date unknown, with the appearance of a healed burn, except for a small ulcerated area present near the center. Skin breakdown continued over the following months with progressive necrosis, Figure 2 (c and d). The injury eventually required a skin graft as shown in Figure 2(e). The magnitude of the skin dose received by this patient is not known. However, from the nature of the injury, it is probable that the dose exceeded 20 Gy. (6)
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Figure 2(a). Condition of patient's back six to eight weeks following multiple coronary angiography and angioplasty procedures.
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Figure 2(b). Appearance of skin injury approximately 16 to 21 weeks following the procedures with small ulcerated area present.
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Figure 2(c). Appearance of skin injury approximately 18 to 21 months following procedures, evidencing tissue necrosis.
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Figure 2(d). Close-up view of lesion shown in 2(c).
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Figure 2(e). Appearance of patient's back following skin grafting procedure.
FDA Recommendations to Reduce Radiation-Induced Skin Injuries
Review of the circumstances of many of the injuries revealed a lack of appreciation by the physicians performing these procedures, prior to observing the injury, of the magnitude of the skin doses which can result from the long exposure times which may be required by complex interventional procedures. This observation led the FDA to issue a Public Health Advisory on September 30, 1994, to alert the radiological community to this concern and to suggest actions which should be taken to reduce the potential for radiation-induced skin injuries (1). These actions included:
- Establishing standard procedures and protocols for each procedure, including consideration of fluoroscopy exposure time,
- Determining the radiation dose rates for specific fluoroscopy systems and for all operating modes,
- Assessing each protocol for the potential for radiation injury to the patient,
- Modifying protocols, when appropriate, to minimize cumulative absorbed dose to any specific skin area and using equipment which aids in minimizing absorbed dose.
Recording of the Absorbed Dose to the Patient's Skin
FDA also suggested that information be recorded in the patient's record which would permit estimation of absorbed dose to the skin from interventional procedures.
In a September 15, 1995, follow-up to this suggestion, FDA recommended that the facility record in the patient's medical record information regarding absorbed dose to the skin for any procedure with the potential for a skin dose approaching or exceeding some threshold dose for injury (7). This threshold dose for the recording of data should be established by the facility. FDA suggests a threshold absorbed dose in skin of 1 Gy. The following procedures are likely to meet this criterion due to their potential for long exposure times:
- Radio frequency cardiac catheter ablation
- Vascular embolization
- Transjugular interhepatic portosystemic shunt
- Percutaneous endovascular reconstruction
The information suggested for recording in the patient's medical record includes:
- An identification of those areas of the patient's skin that received an absorbed dose that may approach or exceed the selected threshold, and
- An estimate of the cumulative absorbed dose to each irradiated area noted in the patient record or sufficient data to permit estimation of the absorbed dose to those areas of skin.
Serious skin injuries have recently occurred as a result of interventional procedures involving extended fluoroscopic exposure times.
Facilities and physicians performing interventional procedures should monitor patient doses delivered during these procedures and implement measures to reduce the potential for radiation-induced skin injuries.
- Food and Drug Administration. Public Health Advisory: Avoidance of Serious X-Ray-Induced Skin Injuries to Patients During Fluoroscopically-Guided Procedures. September 30, 1994. Rockville, MD, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, FDA, 1994.
- Huda W, Peters KR. Radiation-induced Temporary Epilation after a Neuroradiologically Guided Embolization Procedure. Radiology 1994: 193:642-644.
- Public Law 101-629. The Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990.
- Federal Register. November 26, 1991; 56:60024-60039.
- Scheinman MM. NASPE Survey on Catheter Ablation. PACE 1995; 18:1474-1478.
- Wagner LK, Eifel PJ, Geise RA. Potential Biological Effects Following High X-ray Dose Interventional Procedures. JVIR 1994; 5:71-84.
- Food and Drug Administration. Important Information for Physicians and Other Healthcare Professionals: Recording Information in the Patient's Medical Record That Identifies the Potential for Serious X-ray-Induced Skin Injuries Following Fluoroscopically Guided Procedures. September 15, 1995. Rockville, MD, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, FDA, 1995.
Address for Reprints
Thomas B. Shope, Ph.D. (HFZ-140) FDA/Center for Devices and Radiological Health12720 Twinbrook Parkway
Rockville, Maryland 20857
(301) 443-3314, Extension 32
Internet: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Getting Into Heat Advisory Criteria Now As Heat Wave Intensifies a Bit
July 17th, 2013 at 3:41 pm by Chad Evans under Chad's WLFI Weather BlogUPDATE: 3:58 P.M.: NWS Northern Indiana just issued Heat Advisory for Pulaski, Fulton, White, Cass & Miami counties until 7 p.m. Friday. Numbers are unchanged in the forecast, but advisory only re-enforces need for safety in the heat with heat indices of 100 or more with highs in the lower to middle 90s.
We are completely surrounded by Heat Advisories as the heat wave intensifies across southern Canada & much of the eastern U.S. Now, Excessive Heat Watches have been issued for southwest Ohio & Excessive Heat Warnings are in effect in New Jersey, near Philidelphia & in northern Delaware. Excessive Heat Watches continue for metro Boston.
Traverse City, Michigan reached 95 yesterday with a morning low of only 77! Grand Rapids, Michigan tied the record high with 95 a couple days ago.
Heat indices are certainly warranting Heat Advisories now in our area & NWS may pull trigger as a result. Heat indices are now reaching 104 in the viewing area (running 96 to 104 as of 3:20 p.m.). Regardless, 90s for 3 more days & 100 or greater heat indices will continue to dominate!


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Series: 2 broke girl$
Debut: 2013
Location: Cartoomics (Milano)
Awards: /
Max Black
The first time I saw "two broke girl$" I fell in love with Max.
She's so beautiful, her hair, her lips her boobs! (especially the boobs XD)! I totally love the way she moves and talks..
When a friend of mine showed me her brand new Caroline costume, my eyes started to blink, and when she offered me to wear taht gorgeous costume I was seven heaven!!
So, enjoy my pics and yes. I KNOW I DON'T HAVE BOOBS...


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Jay-Z And Beyonce Miscarriage Discussed In 'Life Is But A Dream' HBO Documentary
In her upcoming HBO documentary "Life is But a Dream," Beyonce opens up for the very first time about her miscarriage that took place about two years ago (Jay-Z first announced that his wife suffered a miscarriage in a song called "Glory" that was released just days after Blue Ivy was born on January 7th, 2012.)
Beyonce who is now the mother of a 14 month old daughter named Blue Ivy Carter explained that she was several weeks pregnant when she lost her first child.
The singer explained that it was the saddest thing that has ever happened to her and she poured her pain on paper as some kind of therapy.
The "Dangerously In Love" singer said that she had already picked names and visited the doctor to find out there was no heartbeat. The superstar said:
"About two years ago, I was pregnant for the first time, and I heard the heartbeat, which was the most beautiful music I ever heard in my life."
She went on to explain that all was well one week and few days later she found out that she was not going to become a mother:
"I picked out names.I envisioned what my child would look like . . . I was feeling very maternal.I flew back to New York to get my check up — and no heartbeat," she says. "Literally the week before, I went to the doctor, everything was fine, but there was no heartbeat."
After her miscarriage Beyonce locked herself in the studio where she wrote the saddest song ever:
"I went into the studio and wrote the saddest song I've ever written in my life.And it was actually the first song I wrote for my album. And it was the best form of therapy for me, because it was the saddest thing I've ever been through."
Beyonce's HBO documentary "Life is but a Dream," will air on February 16th.
Category: Celebrity


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December 21, 2009
Texas Tech University in Abilene Adjusts Offerings to Meet Student Needs
Students can access credit hours for several other master's degree programs through Texas Tech's University College.
Written by John Davis
Due to changing student needs, officials at Texas Tech University at Abilene announced Monday (Dec. 21) that the branch will no longer offer classes with face-to-face instruction for master's degrees in computer science and software engineering, or the doctoral degree in computer science.
However, students still will be able to access credit hours for a master's degree in software engineering and several other master's degree programs through Texas Tech's University College, formerly the College of Outreach and Distance Education.
Joseph Urban, chairman of the Department of Computer Science, said the site currently serves 11 students and houses five faculty members and three full-time staff members. In addition to teaching class in Abilene, the five faculty members have taught Texas Tech computer science graduate and undergraduate students in Lubbock through the distance-learning link.
"We will develop individual degree plans to ensure that the students currently enrolled in Abilene will have the opportunity to complete their degrees in a timely fashion," Urban said. "Our faculty members will return to Lubbock. The Master of Science in Software Engineering degree program is still available in Abilene through the distance-learning program."
Along with the master's in software engineering, Abilene's distance-learning programs will include:
- a master's degree in systems and engineering management
- a master's degree in software engineering
- a master's degree with any departmental option in the engineering college
- a graduate certificate in wind energy with either managerial or technical track


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