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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Characterizing Shading Losses on Partially Shaded PV Systems (Presentation)
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
Presentation on shaded PV power loss, practical issues with modeling shaded PV, and methods of implementing partially shaded PV modeling.
Deline, C.
Shades and Shade Controls : Daylighting The New York Times Building
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Shades and Shade Controls Shades and Shade Controls Overview The architectural approach The owner's approach Daylighting field study Daylighting control systems Automated roller shades Procurement specifications Shades and Shade Controls Lighting Controls Visualizing daylight Commissioning/ verification Demand response Mainstream solutions Post-occupancy evaluation Publications Sponsors Project team Shades and Shade Controls The shades and shade controls scope of work is based upon the philosophy that occupants of commercial office buildings prefer natural light to electric light. The shade system goals for The New York Times Building are: Maximize natural light Maximize occupant connectivity with the outdoors, i.e. external views Intercept sunlight penetration so as to avoid direct solar radiation on the occupants
Real-time shading
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
Real-time procedural shading was once seen as a distant dream. When the first version of this course was offered four years ago, real-time shading was possible, but only with one-of-a-kind hardware or by combining the effects of tens to hundreds of rendering ...
Marc Olano; Kurt Akeley; John C. Hart; Wolfgang Heidrich; Michael McCool; Jason L. Mitchell; Randi Rost
Subpixel reconstruction antialiasing for deferred shading
Subpixel Reconstruction Antialiasing (SRAA) combines singlepixel (1x) shading with subpixel visibility to create antialiased images without increasing the shading cost. SRAA targets deferred-shading renderers, which cannot use multisample antialiasing. ... Keywords: antialiasing, deferred shading
Matth�us G. Chajdas; Morgan McGuire; David Luebke
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Panel Shading
Panel Shading Panel Shading lets you optimize the geometry of rows of flat-plate solar collectors (PV or solar thermal) by visualizing on an annual basis how much the rows shade...
Quadtree relief mapping
Relief mapping is an image based technique for rendering surface details. It simulates depth on a polygonal model using a texture that encodes surface height. The presented method incorporates a quadtree structure to achieve a theoretically proven performance ... Keywords: image based rendering, pixel based displacement mapping, quadtree, relief mapping, surface details
M. F. A. Schroders; R. v. Gulik
Technology reviews: Shading systems
SciTech Connect
We present a representative review of existing, emerging, and future technology options in each of five hardware and systems areas in envelope and lighting technologies: lighting systems, glazing systems, shading systems, daylighting optical systems, and dynamic curtain wall systems. The term technology is used here to describe any design choice for energy efficiency, ranging from individual components to more complex systems to general design strategies. The purpose of this task is to characterize the state of the art in envelope and lighting technologies in order to identify those with promise for advanced integrated systems, with an emphasis on California commercial buildings. For each technology category, the following activities have been attempted to the extent possible: Identify key performance characteristics and criteria for each technology. Determine the performance range of available technologies. Identify the most promising technologies and promising trends in technology advances. Examine market forces and market trends. Develop a continuously growing in-house database to be used throughout the project. A variety of information sources have been used in these technology characterizations, including miscellaneous periodicals, manufacturer catalogs and cut sheets, other research documents, and data from previous computer simulations. We include these different sources in order to best show the type and variety of data available, however publication here does not imply our guarantee of these data. Within each category, several broad classes are identified, and within each class we examine the generic individual technologies that fall into that class.
Schuman, J.; Rubinstein, F.; Papamichael, K.; Beltran, L.; Lee, E.S.; Selkowitz, S.
Landscaping for Shade | Department of Energy
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Shade Shade Landscaping for Shade April 13, 2012 - 5:38pm Addthis A trellis with a climbing vine can shade a home and still allow air circulation. â¨| Photo courtesy of John Krigger, Saturn Resource. A trellis with a climbing vine can shade a home and still allow air circulation. | Photo courtesy of John Krigger, Saturn Resource. What does this mean for me? Landscaping for shade means lower cooling costs in warm climates. How does it work? Landscape elements such as trees, vines, and shrubs can shade a home from the sun. Solar heat absorbed through windows and roofs can increase cooling costs, and incorporating shade from landscaping elements can help reduce this solar heat gain. Shading and evapotranspiration (the process by which a plant actively moves and releases water vapor) from trees can reduce
Insulating shade assembly with removable cover
An insulating window shade assembly is described which consists of: bracket means adapted to be mounted on the frame of a window; a first roller carrying an insulating shade and being disposed within the bracket means on the inside of the window, the shade being adapted to be drawn from the roller to cover the inside of the window and to be wound upon the roller to expose the window, a second roller carrying a removable cover fabric on the inside of the shade and being supported by the bracket means, the second roller being spaced from and disposed independently of the first roller, means disposed adjacent only the bottom edge of the insulating shade for connecting only the bottom edge of the cover fabric to the bottom only of the insulating shade so that the insulating shade and cover fabric may be drawn together over the inside of the window; guide means disposed adjacent the second roller and between the second roller and the insulating shade, the cover fabric passing over the guide means, for causing the cover fabric to hang closely adjacent the front of the insulating shade when the insulating shade is drawn over the window and when the insulating shade and cover fabric are connected together by the connecting means, and means for continually tensioning the cover fabric when the insulating shade is drawn and when the cover fabric is connected thereto so that the cover fabric lies smoothly over the shade.
Hausmann, S.; McLane, A. Jr.
Tweakable light and shade for cartoon animation
Light and shade in the context of non-photorealistic imaging, such as digital cel animation, are semantic notations, rather than physical phenomena. Therefore stylized light and shade should be intentionally animated instead of simulated. This ...
Ken-ichi Anjyo; Shuhei Wemler; William Baxter
Stream compaction for deferred shading
The GPU leverages SIMD efficiency when shading because it rasterizes a triangle at a time, running the same shader on all of its fragments. Ray tracing sacrifices this shader coherence, and the result is that SIMD units often must run different shaders ...
Jared Hoberock; Victor Lu; Yuntao Jia; John C. Hart
Hydrogen gas relief valve
An improved battery stack design for an electrochemical system having at least one cell from which a gas is generated and an electrolyte in communication with the cell is described. The improved battery stack design features means for defining a substantially closed compartment for containing the battery cells and at least a portion of the electrolyte for the system, and means in association with the compartment means for selectively venting gas from the interior of the compartment means in response to the level of the electrolyte within the compartment means. The venting means includes a relief valve having a float member which is actuated in response to the level of the electrolyte within the compartment means. This float member is adapted to close the relief valve when the level of the electrolyte is above a predetermined level and open the relief valve when the level of electrolyte is below this predetermined level.
Whittlesey, Curtis C. (Birmingham, MI)
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Louver Shading
Louver Shading Louver Shading Louver Shading lets you visualize the annual shading performance of a louver shading system, such as slatted window blinds or a trellis. The tool accepts a location and the dimensions of the louver system as inputs, and produces a chart depicting the amount of shade it produces for each hour of the day, for each month of the year. Screen Shots Keywords window, overhang, blinds, louvers, louvres, trellis, shading, solar Validation/Testing Outputs verified by the author via several 3D louver system models. Expertise Required None. Users International; number not known since tool was just released. Audience Architects, landscape architects, builders, homeowners, passive solar designers, energy analysts. Input Location, louver system design, and dimensions.
Erfahrungen des Kreiskrankenhauses Greiz mit dem ...
der von ihnen erbrachten Leistungen verpflichtet. Die Leistungen miissen dem jeweiligen Stand der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse entsprechen und in der.
Dynamic shading enhancement for reflectance transformation imaging
We propose a set of dynamic shading enhancement techniques for improving the perception of details, features, and overall shape characteristics from images created with Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) techniques. Selection of these perceptual ... Keywords: Visualization, cultural heritage shading enhancement, illumination, image processing
Gianpaolo Palma; Massimiliano Corsini; Paolo Cignoni; Roberto Scopigno; Mark Mudge
Measured Impacts of Air Conditioner Condenser Shading
E-Print Network (OSTI)
A study has been conducted by the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) to examine if space cooling energy savings can be achieved from shading of residential air conditioning (AC) condenser units. The investigation consisted of before-and-after experiments conducted on three homes over a two year period. A recent EPA study recommends shading of exterior AC condensers, using landscaping or other means, as a method to reduce space cooling energy use (Akbari et al., 1992).
Parker, D. S.; Barkaszi, S. F.; Sonne, J. K.
Seasonal thermal energy balances for window shade management
The hourly net energy transfer was determined for a typical meteorological year for windows oriented to the cardinal directions using seven types of interior coverings. Seasonal data are presented for the cases of using no interior shading, shades closed all the time, shades closed during the day and shades opened during the day. The number of plates of glass, window orientation and shade transmission characteristics were found to be important.
Colliver, D.G.; Parker, B.F.; Walton, L.R.
A language for shading and lighting calculations
A shading language provides a means to extend the shading and lighting formulae used by a rendering system. This paper discusses the design of a new shading language based on previous work of Cook and Perlin. This language has various types of shaders for light sources and surface reflectances, point and color data types, control flow constructs that support the casting of outgoing and the integration of incident light, a clearly specified interface to the rendering system using global state variables, and a host of useful built-in functions. The design issues and their impact on the implementation are also discussed. CR Categories: 1.3.3 [Computer Graphics] Picture/Image Generation- Display algorithms; 1.3.5 [Computer Graphics
Pat Hanrahan; Jim Lawsont
Automated roller shades : Daylighting The New York Times Building
Automated roller shades Automated roller shades Overview The architectural approach The owner's approach Daylighting field study Daylighting control systems Automated roller shades Procurement specifications Shades and Shade Controls Lighting Controls Visualizing daylight Commissioning/ verification Demand response Mainstream solutions Post-occupancy evaluation Publications Sponsors Project team Automated roller shades Automated roller shades manage daylight, solar heat gains, view, glare, privacy, and building appearance through changes in shade height. A roller shade consists of a fabric wrapped around a horizontal tube, which contains a tubular motor. The tubular motor rotates when ac- or dc- power is applied to it causing modulation in shade height. The control system can be designed to optimize numerous variables, the most common being control of direct sun. In this application, the shades were controlled to five preset heights that aligned with the architectural features of the façade - i.e., the vision portion of the window wall - so that direct sun penetrated no more than a specified distance from the window wall. The Times Company also requested that the shades control window glare, yet maximize the opportunity for view and daylight admission. Unnecessary up/down movement of the shade was to be minimized. Fabric choices (openness of the weave, color of the fabric facing toward the interior and exterior) were additional considerations in terms of appearance as well as visual comfort and daylighting benefits.
Performance of Integrated Systems of Automated Roller Shade Systems...
032011 Keywords automated roller shade systems, daylight responsive dimming systems, daylighting, Integrated systems, photoelectric controls Abstract Daylight responsive...
Sun-shades as a passive cooling element
A discussion of the importance of proper sun-shade design is presented by showing results of thermal performance evaluation of a building with and without sun-shades. The analysis was carried out by using a simulation model developed by Shaviv and Shaviv. The criteria for evaluating sunshades is based on the total energy consumption of the building for cooling, heating, and artificial lighting. We find that the best solution for shading is external sun-shades and we present a method developed by Shaviv for their design. Several designs of external sun-shades are presented.
Shaviv, E
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: LESO-SHADE
LESO-SHADE LESO-SHADE LESO-SHADE logo. Calculation of shading factors on any facade or surface (e.g. a window) of a building, caused by the surrounding obstacles (other buildings, trees, walls, etc). The calculated shading factor can be tabulated either hour by hour, or as a monthly average. The definition of the geometry (studied building and surrounding) is done using a graphical and user-friendly interface. Keywords shading factors, solar shading, building geometry Validation/Testing N/A Expertise Required Average level of PC computer practice; understanding of basic solar radiation concepts. Users First distributed in September 1999. Audience Architects, engineers, researchers. Input : The Scene Editor gives the user the possibility to define the complete geometric scene to be studied. The following elements can be introduced in
Photovoltaic application for disaster relief
Hurricanes, floods, tornados, and earthquakes are natural disasters that can happen at any time destroying homes, businesses, and natural surroundings. One such disaster, Hurricane Andrew, devastated South Florida leaving several hundred-thousand people homeless. Many people were without electrical service, functioning water and sewage systems, communications, and medical services for days, even weeks in the aftermath of the storm. Emergency management teams, the military, and countless public and private organizations staged a massive relief effort. Dependency on electrical utility power became a pronounced problem as emergency services were rendered to survivors and the rebuilding process started. Many of the energy needs of emergency management organizations, relief workers, and the general public can be satisfied with solar electric energy systems. Photovoltaic (PV) power generated from solar energy is quiet, safe, inexhaustible and pollution-free. Previously, photovoltaics have supplied emergency power for Hurricanes Hugo and Andrew, and the earthquake at Northridge in Southern California. This document focuses on photovoltaic technology and its application to disaster relief efforts.
Young, W.R. Jr.
Carpe Diem: Install Insulated Roman Shades | Department of Energy
Carpe Diem: Install Insulated Roman Shades Carpe Diem: Install Insulated Roman Shades Carpe Diem: Install Insulated Roman Shades March 16, 2010 - 11:44am Addthis John Lippert As I mentioned in yesterday's blog, I had insulated window quilts installed on most of my home's windows. I should have bought window quilts for all of our windows, but I refrained from doing so on two downstairs windows to save money (which, in the long run, I didn't). There were window shades already there; they didn't do much from a thermal perspective, but they did provide privacy and room darkening. Well, they need to be replaced now, and I'm looking again at high efficiency thermal window shades. This time I'm considering thermal Roman shades. About a dozen years ago my wife and I went on the Tour of Solar Homes, the local component of the annual National Solar Tour sponsored by the American
NREL: News - NREL Simulates Shade Conditions in Repeatable Test...
devices is compared against an identical system equipped with a reference string inverter for these three shade scenarios, providing an annual performance improvement score....
Authority in Online Disaster Relief Communities 1 Running Head: AUTHORITY IN ONLINE DISASTER RELIEF COMMUNITIES
). The magnitude of the disaster overwhelmed institutions normally responsible for providing relief--forums, bulletin boards, blogs, and personal websites--to coordinate a massive grassroots response to the disasterAuthority in Online Disaster Relief Communities 1 Running Head: AUTHORITY IN ONLINE DISASTER RELIEF
Kiesler, Sara
How Do You Shade Your Home in the Summer? | Department of Energy
How Do You Shade Your Home in the Summer? How Do You Shade Your Home in the Summer? May 13, 2010 - 5:16pm Addthis This week, you read about some ways you can use shade to keep your...
Preliminary results of model predictive control of shading systems (WIP)
Shades in buildings are widely installed and are an effective technique for managing solar gains and occupant comfort. A model of a typical office space located in Ottawa, Ontario has been created and the model was developed for analysis under variable ... Keywords: energy management system, model predictive control, reactive control, shades
Brent Huchuk; William O'Brien; Cynthia A. Cruickshank
Primitive processing and advanced shading architecture for embedded space
This paper presents a new graphics architecture enabling content-rich applications for the embedded space by extending hardware architecture in two main areas - geometry processing and configurable per-fragment shading. Our first contribution combines ... Keywords: configurable shading, embedded space graphics hardware, geometry shader, single pass subdivision
Max Kazakov; Eisaku Ohbuchi
On-line load relief control
This paper describes the results of an investigation concerning the on-line prediction and enhancement of load relief. The effects of voltage fluctuation, system voltage profile control and generator voltage adjustment on load relief and load shedding operations during under-frequency transients are studied. The technique promoted in the paper may be used to reduce system spinning reserve or prospective load shedding.
Jovanovic, S.; Fox, B.; Thompson, J.G. (Queen' s Univ. of Belfast (United Kingdom))
Energy conservation through the use of exterior shading of fenestration
The outside shading of windows from direct sunlight has long been recognized as an effective means of keeping building interiors cooler in warm weather. However, prior to the general recognition of the growing shortage and high cost of energy for mechanical cooling, it has been common practice to rely on such systems for comfort conditioning and to ignore the very substantial energy savings attainable by shading sun-exposed fenestration. A review is presented of the various devices and architectural treatments for window shading. The significance of the solar profile angle is explained and tabular data are presented for its values in four major U.S. latitudes and for all times of day, year and window orientations at which fenestration is insolated. Tables are also given for solar heat gain factors in both English and metric units for sixteen principal window orientations, and shading coefficients are discussed so that the magnitude of the cooling effect from window shading can be better understood.
Ewing, W.B.; Yellott, J.I.
Overview of the Federal Offshore Royalty Relief Program
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Deep Gas in Shallow Water Royalty Relief Provisions Similar to deepwater leases, royalty relief incentives have been offered since 2001 to
Photovoltaic Shading Testbed for Module-Level Power Electronics
This document describes a repeatable test procedure that attempts to simulate shading situations, as would be experienced by typical residential rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems. This type of shading test is particularly useful to evaluate the impact of different power conversion setups, including microinverters, DC power optimizers and string inverters, on overall system performance. The performance results are weighted based on annual estimates of shade to predict annual performance improvement. A trial run of the test procedure was conducted with a side by side comparison of a string inverter with a microinverter, both operating on identical 8kW solar arrays. Considering three different shade weighting conditions, the microinverter was found to increase production by 3.7% under light shading, 7.8% under moderate shading, and 12.3% under heavy shading, relative to the reference string inverter case. Detail is provided in this document to allow duplication of the test method at different test installations and for different power electronics devices.
Deline, C.; Meydbray, J.; Donovan, M.; Forrest, J.
The operation of LPG relief valves
As stipulated by NFPA 58, all LPG storage containers must be equipped with one or more pressure relief devices. These devices are sized to prevent rupture of a normally charged container when exposed to fire. This paper describes in detail the functioning of the spring-loaded relief valve. The author discusses how the venting of LPGs can produce unacceptable risks and how training is a necessary part of controlling such a situation.
Stannard, J.H. Jr
Rolling, Rolling, Rolling: Roller Window Shades | Department of Energy
Rolling, Rolling, Rolling: Roller Window Shades Rolling, Rolling, Rolling: Roller Window Shades Rolling, Rolling, Rolling: Roller Window Shades March 15, 2010 - 11:42am Addthis John Lippert There's a lot of talk these days about installing new energy-efficient windows. Thanks to a Federal tax credit of up to $1,500, window advertisements, both print and radio and TV broadcasting, are aplenty. I don't want to knock energy-efficient windows. There are some great window products available. Some even rival the overall performance of walls, that is, if you account for the heat energy that enters the home via sunshine, depending on the climate and orientation. What I would like to talk about here are window shades. My wife and I bought our house 19 years ago. We are only the 2nd owners. The house has double-pane wooden windows made by a major well-known manufacturer. No
Offshore Tower Shading Effects on In-Water Optical Measurements
A field campaign was performed to estimate the shading effect induced on in-water irradiance and radiance measurements taken in the immediate vicinity of the Acqua Alta Oceanographic Tower (AAOT), located in the northern Adriatic Sea, which is ...
Giuseppe Zibordi; John Piero Doyle; Stanford B. Hooker
The Effects of Table Lamp Shade Shape and Compact Fluorescent...
The Effects of Table Lamp Shade Shape and Compact Fluorescent Lamp Burning Position on Visual Comfort Speaker(s): Zaidi Abdullah Date: March 15, 2001 - 12:00pm Location: Bldg. 90...
Measuring solar heat reduction for draperies and fabric shades
We are all familiar with the utility of draperies, curtains and shades to exclude unwanted solar gain, control glare, insulate windows and provide privacy. The manageability of these devices gives us a degree of control over our indoor environment. While fabric window coverings are widely used as interior shading devices, the analytical methods used to determine their effectiveness in reducing solar gains are relatively unsophisticated. Furthermore, with the recent emphasis on daylighting and visual and thermal comfort, the response to these shading devices to the varying direction of incident solar radiation has taken on a new importance. In this article, the authors review the historical development of analytical and experimental methods used to determine solar heat gain for draperies. The current state of these methods will be evaluated and issues related to their applicability to draperies and fabric shades are identified. Finally, recommendations to improve the accuracy and applicability of current solar heat gain methods are presented.
Grasso, M.M.; Hunn, B.D. (Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (US))
Short note: Release of a 10-m-resolution DEM for the Italian territory: Comparison with global-coverage DEMs and anaglyph-mode exploration via the web
The 10-m-resolution TINITALY/01 DEM (Tarquini et al., 2007) is compared with the two, coarser-resolution, global-coverage, spaceborne-based SRTM and ASTER DEMs and with a high-resolution, LIDAR-derived DEM. Afterwards, we presented a webGIS which allows ... Keywords: Anaglyph, DEM, Italy, webGIS
Simone Tarquini; Stefano Vinci; Massimiliano Favalli; Fawzi Doumaz; Alessandro Fornaciai; Luca Nannipieri
An hourly-based performance comparison of an integrated micro-structural perforated shading screen with standard shading systems
protection with sun-shading systems, Solar Energy 69 (Suppl.total solar energy transmittance of the CFSs with sun pathbecause the sun altitude is also higher. The solar gains can
Appelfeld, David
Guidelines for the Development of Pressure Relief Device Specialists
The people responsible for pressure relief devices in the in the nuclear power industry are known by various titles�safety relief valve technician, relief valve technician, mechanic, in-service testing/in-service inspection engineer, valve engineer, and component engineer, to name a few. Although pressure relief valve duties are mainly in two departments (maintenance and engineering), it is up to the pressure relief device specialist to ensure that the manual, automatic, and power-operated ...
Visual Comfort Analysis of Innovative Interior and Exterior Shading Systems
Visual Comfort Analysis of Innovative Interior and Exterior Shading Systems Visual Comfort Analysis of Innovative Interior and Exterior Shading Systems for Commercial Buildings using High Resolution Luminance Images Title Visual Comfort Analysis of Innovative Interior and Exterior Shading Systems for Commercial Buildings using High Resolution Luminance Images Publication Type Journal Article LBNL Report Number LBNL-4417E Year of Publication 2011 Authors Konis, Kyle, Eleanor S. Lee, and Robert D. Clear Call Number LBNL-4417E Abstract The objective of this study was to explore how calibrated high dynamic range (HDR) images (luminance maps) acquired in real world daylit environments can be used to characterize, evaluate, and compare visual comfort conditions of innovative facade shading and light-redirecting systems. Detailed (1536 x 1536 pixel) luminance maps were time-lapse acquired from two view positions in an unoccupied full scale testbed facility. These maps were analyzed using existing visual comfort metrics to quantify how innovative interior and exterior shading systems compare to conventional systems under real sun and sky conditions over a solstice-to-solstice test interval. The results provide a case study in the challenges and potential of methods of visualizing, evaluating and summarizing daily and seasonal variation of visual comfort conditions computed from large sets of image data.
Determining the Solar Optical Properties of Windows with Shading Devices-
Determining the Solar Optical Properties of Windows with Shading Devices- Determining the Solar Optical Properties of Windows with Shading Devices- New Measurement and Modeling Techniques Speaker(s): Nathan Kotey Date: October 5, 2009 - 12:00pm Location: 90-3122 The global interest to reduce energy use in buildings has focussed new efforts to more aggressively reduce energy used by all major building components, such as window systems. Although good progress has been made in reducing heat loss, the contribution of windows to heat gain, peak cooling loads and cooling energy consumption is increasingly viewed globally as a problem. While glass coatings provide some control, shading devices on windows have the potential to do an even better job to reduce peak cooling load and annual energy consumption because there are more design parameters
Recommendations on frequently encountered relief requests
This paper is based on the review of a large database of requests for relief from enservice testing (1ST) requirements for pumps and valves. From the review, the paper identifies areas where enhancements to either the relief request process or the applicable test codes can improve IST of pumps and valves. Certain types of requests occur frequently. The paper examines some frequent requests and considers possible changes to the requirements to determine if the frequent requests can be eliminated. Recommended changes and their bases will be discussed. IST of safety-related pumps and valves at commercial nuclear power plants is done according to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (the Code), Section XI. Because of the design and function of some safety systems in nuclear plants, performing Code testing of certain pumps and valves is impractical or a hardship without a compensating increase in the level of safety. Deviations from the Code are allowed by law, as reviewed and approved by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), through the relief request process. Because of similarities in plant design and system function, many problems encountered in testing components are similar from plant to plant. Likewise, there are often common problems associated with test methods or equipment. Therefore, many relief requests received by the NRC from various plants are similar. Identifying and addressing the root causes for these common requests will greatly improve IST.
Hartley, R.S.; Ransom, C.B.
Light-scattering properties of a woven shade-screen material used for daylighting and solar heat-gain control
thermal and daylighting impacts of shading systems. Theseglazing the system. Modern energy and daylighting analysissystem. In this paper a shade screen used in the LBNL daylighting
Jonsson, Jacob C.
Safety and Relief Valve Testing and Maintenance Guide
This guide gives a broad overview of self actuated and power operated pressure relief devices (PRDs) -- safety, relief, safety relief, and power-operated relief valves -- and their application and maintenance. The non-reclosing devices, like the rupture discs, are outside the scope of this guide. The information in this guide, though directed towards the nuclear power plant personnel, will assist all power plant personnel responsible for the maintenance of PRDs. This guide can also be used by training in...
Numerical methods for shape-from-shading: A new survey with benchmarks
Many algorithms have been suggested for the shape-from-shading problem, and some years have passed since the publication of the survey paper by Zhang et al. [R. Zhang, P.-S. Tsai, J.E. Cryer, M. Shah, Shape from shading: a survey, IEEE Transactions on ... Keywords: Algorithms comparison, Eikonal equation, Numerical methods, Shape-from-shading
Jean-Denis Durou; Maurizio Falcone; Manuela Sagona
Improve safety with pilot operated relief valves
A weakness inherent in balanced bellows pressure relief valves (PRVs) that can cause premature failure can be avoided by using pilot operated PRVs as an alternative. Now better able to handle adverse service conditions, pilot operated PRVs are suitable for a wide range of gas, liquid and mixed-phase services. Traditionally, however, balanced bellows PRVs have been applied as overpressure protection for three notable reasons: a constant PRV set pressure with the presence of variable, superimposed back pressure (at the PRV outlet prior to its opening); valve stability and adequate capacity when built-up back pressure (at the PRV outlet during its relief cycle) exceeds 10%; and spring and guided parts barriered from the process fluid. With these benefits in mind, balanced bellows PRVs have been generally adapted by many hydrocarbon processing companies that have experienced costly, and often dangerous, premature bellows failures. Corrosion, valve instability and/or bellows flutter are causes of these failures.
Emerson, G. [Anderson, Greenwood and Co., Stafford, TX (United States)
Studying the effect of shading on Solar Panel using MATLAB
Renewable energy sources plays an important role in electricity generation. Various renewable energy sources like wind, solar, geothermal, ocean thermal, and biomass can be used for generation of electricity and for meeting our daily energy needs. Energy from the sun is the best option for electricity generation as it is available everywhere and is free to harness. Solar Photovoltaic (PV) array converts the solar energy into electrical energy. The performance of Photovoltaic array is affected by solar isolation, shading, temperature and this will result in displacement of the Maximum Power Point(MPP). The output characteristics show the multiple maxima point. To get the maximum efficiency from Shaded Photovoltaic (PV) array, it is import to track the GPP from the various local maxima. This paper makes a study on the various Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) for Photovoltaic (PV) array. Also this paper explains the effect of change in solar isolation and temperature and shading effect on solar panel and give the steps to track GPP.
Smita Ganesh Pachp; M. E. Second; Year Elec; Ssbt�s C O E Jalgaon
NETL Hurricane Sandy Relief Efforts Recognized by Energy Secretary
Hurricane Sandy Relief Efforts Recognized by Energy Secretary Morgantown, W.Va. -Jay Hanna, an engineer and project manager with the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL),...
Partial Shade Evaluation of Distributed Power Electronics for Photovoltaic Systems: Preprint
Site survey data for several residential installations are provided, showing the extent and frequency of shade throughout the year. This background information is used to design a representative shading test that is conducted on two side-by-side 8-kW photovoltaic (PV) installations. One system is equipped with a standard string inverter, while the other is equipped with microinverters on each solar panel. Partial shade is applied to both systems in a comprehensive range of shading conditions, simulating one of three shade extents. Under light shading conditions, the microinverter system produced the equivalent of 4% annual performance improvement, relative to the string inverter system. Under moderate shading conditions, the microinverter system outperformed the string inverter system by 8%, and under heavy shading the microinverter increased relative performance by 12%. In all three cases, the percentage of performance loss that is recovered by the use of distributed power electronics is 40%-50%. Additionally, it was found that certain shading conditions can lead to additional losses in string inverters due to peak-power tracking errors and voltage limitations.
Deline, C.; Meydbrav, J.; Donovan, M.
Partially Shaded Operation of a Grid-Tied PV System: Preprint
This paper presents background and experimental results from a single-string grid-tied PV system, operated under a variety of shading conditions.
Ion-by-Ion DEM Determination: I. Method
We describe a technique to derive constraints on the differential emission measure (DEM) distribution, a measure of the temperature distribution, of collisionally ionized hot plasmas from their X-ray emission line spectra. This technique involves fitting spectra using a number of components, each of which is the entire X-ray line emission spectrum for a single ion. It is applicable to high-resolution X-ray spectra of any collisionally ionized plasma and particularly useful for spectra in which the emission lines are broadened and blended such as those of the winds of hot stars. This method does not require that any explicit assumptions about the form of the DEM distribution be made and is easily automated.
Patrick S. Wojdowski; Norbert S. Schulz
Performance of Ultrathin Silicon Solar Microcells with Nanostructures of Relief
of relief as light trapping structures (LTS) on thin, monocrys- talline silicon solar cells derived fromPerformance of Ultrathin Silicon Solar Microcells with Nanostructures of Relief Formed by Soft, Urbana, Illinois 61801 ABSTRACT Recently developed classes of monocrystalline silicon solar microcells
Rogers, John A.
The humanitarian relief supply chain : analysis of the 2004 South East Asia earthquake and Tsunami
Humanitarian relief supply chains are not well documented. This thesis describes humanitarian relief supply chains in general and those specifically utilized in the 2004 South East Asia Earthquake and Tsunami relief effort. ...
Russell, Timothy Edward
Near-Optimal, Dynamic Module Reconfiguration in a Photovoltaic System to Combat Partial Shading Effects
Near-Optimal, Dynamic Module Reconfiguration in a Photovoltaic System to Combat Partial firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Partial shading is a serious obstacle to effective utilization of photovoltaic-parallel connected cells. This paper presents modified PV cell structures with integrated switches, imbalanced cell
Pedram, Massoud
A unified framework for document restoration using inpainting and shape-from-shading
We present a restoration framework to reduce undesirable distortions in imaged documents. Our framework is based on two components: (1) an image inpainting procedure that can separate non-uniform illumination (and other) artifacts from the printed content ... Keywords: Digital inpainting, Document image restoration, Geometric warping, Perspective distortion, Physically based flattening, RBF-based smoothing, Shading distortion, Shape-from-shading
Li Zhang; A. M. Yip; M. S. Brown; Chew Lim Tan
Near-optimal, dynamic module reconfiguration in a photovoltaic system to combat partial shading effects
Partial shading is a serious obstacle to effective utilization of photovoltaic (PV) systems since it can result in significant output power degradation for the system. A PV system is organized as a series connection of PV modules, each module comprising ... Keywords: dynamic programming, partial shading, photovoltaic module reconfiguration, photovoltaic system
Xue Lin; Yanzhi Wang; Siyu Yue; Donghwa Shin; Naehyuck Chang; Massoud Pedram
A shade and a shutter - insulating window covers you can make
Designs for an insulating shade for windows are presented. The Roman Shade II is an unpleated curtain constructed of a light colored liner, a polyester fiberfill layer, a vapor barrier, and an outer fabric. The curtain is attached at the top window molding and held against the frame by a clamp. Instructions for measurements, sewing, quilting, installing, and cleaning are provided.
Review: The Benefits of Famine: A Political Economy of Famine and Relief in Southwestern Sudan 1983-1989
of Famine: A Political Economy of Famine and Relief inof Famine: A Political Economy of Famine and Relief in
DePasquale, Allison A
The Small Business Tax Relief Program (Georgia) | Department of Energy
The Small Business Tax Relief Program (Georgia) The Small Business Tax Relief Program (Georgia) The Small Business Tax Relief Program (Georgia) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Construction Developer Fuel Distributor General Public/Consumer Industrial Installer/Contractor Investor-Owned Utility Local Government Municipal/Public Utility Retail Supplier Rural Electric Cooperative Systems Integrator Transportation Utility Savings Category Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Buying & Making Electricity Water Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Georgia Program Type Personal Tax Incentives Corporate Tax Incentive The Small Business Tax Relief stipulation allows for faster depreciation on equipment deduction in which businesses can choose to claim the expense in one year as opposed to several years.
Blast overpressure relief using air vacated buffer medium
Blast waves generated by intense explosions cause damage to structures and human injury. In this thesis, a strategy is investigated for relief of blast overpressure resulting from explosions in air. The strategy is based ...
Avasarala, Srikanti Rupa
Automatic generation of bas-reliefs from 3D shapes
generated by our method and their profiles (middle images). A bas-relief of the Stanford Armadillo model on a bended cylinder (most-right image). In this paper, we introduce and study a new problem of converting a given 3D shape (or a 2.5D range data) into a bas-relief. The problem can be considered as a geometry counterpart of the HDR image compression problem widely studied in computer graphics. In our approach to the shape bas-reliefing problem, we combine the concepts of mesh saliency, shape exaggerating, and discrete differential coordinates. The final bas-relief has a small width, preserves salient features of the original 3D shape, and, therefore, can be used for shape decorating purposes. 1
Wenhao Song; Alexander Belyaev; Hans-peter Seidel
Solar DEM Models : A solar image in color band b, mn pixels,
Solar DEM Models : A solar image in color band b, m�?n pixels, containing a particular solar feature, for t = 1, 2, . . . , T. btM sianFieldRandomGaus I M I I bbb T t bbtt bbb bb 2 1 2 )( #12;Solar DEM.bI : the measure error of the ith row and jth column pixel of the certain image in color band b. ijbe #12;Solar DEM
Wolfe, Patrick J.
Building Extraction using LiDAR DEMs and IKONOS Images
An automated method for boundary representation of building objects has been considered as a core processor for 3D city modelling. Since the reconstruction of generic building shape fundamentally depends on geometric features extracted from data sources, it suffers difficulties especially when a monocular imagery with high scene complexity is solely used. The research described in this paper aims to develop an automated method for building extraction, in which individual building object is localized and boundaries of polyhedral building shape are delineated with a less specific building model. The developed technique focuses on an exploitation of synergy of Ikonos imagery combined with a LIDAR DEM. Individual buildings are localized with rectangle polygon by a hierarchical segmentation of LIDAR DEM and Ikonos multi-spectral information. This polygon is recursively partitioned by linear features extracted from Ikonos image and LIDAR space, which results in a set of convex polygons. Only polygons comprising �significant � parts of building shape are verified and aggregated. Finally, polyhedral building shapes are reconstructed. Several results are presented with a discussion of evaluation and limitations of our method. 1.
G. Sohn; I. Dowman
Statistical Performance Evaluation Of Soft Seat Pressure Relief Valves
Risk-based inspection methods enable estimation of the probability of failure on demand for spring-operated pressure relief valves at the United States Department of Energy's Savannah River Site in Aiken, South Carolina. This paper presents a statistical performance evaluation of soft seat spring operated pressure relief valves. These pressure relief valves are typically smaller and of lower cost than hard seat (metal to metal) pressure relief valves and can provide substantial cost savings in fluid service applications (air, gas, liquid, and steam) providing that probability of failure on demand (the probability that the pressure relief valve fails to perform its intended safety function during a potentially dangerous over pressurization) is at least as good as that for hard seat valves. The research in this paper shows that the proportion of soft seat spring operated pressure relief valves failing is the same or less than that of hard seat valves, and that for failed valves, soft seat valves typically have failure ratios of proof test pressure to set pressure less than that of hard seat valves.
Energy Savings Resulting from Shading Devices on Single-Family Residences in Austin, Texas
Potential annual energy savings resulting from window shading devices on three prototypical Austin, Texas, single-family residences were computed in this study. Savings were calculated for interior (shades, blinds, draperies, window film, and tinted windows) and exterior (solar screens, awnings, overhangs, and the effects of recessed windows and vegetation) shading devices. The analysis was conducted with the DOE-2 building energy analysis computer program. Nominal baseline cases (single glazing, gas heating, and nominal shading from eaves and neighboring buildings) were run for each prototype. Selected baseline variants (double glazing, all electric, and no eaves or neighbor shading) were run to test parameter sensitivity. Results are reported in terms of the annual heating and cooling energy use and energy cost, with each device in place, as compared to the baseline cases. The devices are ranked in term of energy savings and energy coat savings. Another significant result is the multiple-regression correlation of annual heating and cooling energy savings with Shading Coefficient and U-value that generalizes the performance of the shading devices.
Pletzer, R. K.; Jones, J. W.; Hunn, B. D.
Do You Shade Your Home in the Summer? Do You Shade Your Home in the Summer? How Do You Shade Your Home in the Summer? May 13, 2010 - 5:16pm Addthis This week, you read about some ways you can use shade to keep your home cool in the spring and summer. Some people are lucky enough to have a lot of trees for natural shade, while others of us have to create our own. Spring is the perfect time of year to do some planting around your home, and landscaping is a natural and beautiful way to keep your home cool in the Summer and reduce your energy bills. Carefully positioned trees can save up to 25% of the energy a typical household uses for energy. Dense shading deciduous trees are generally best, and should be planted on the south-side of structures-far enough away from homes to allow for proper growth of the selected tree, but close enough for the shade of the tree in
Solar Heat Gain Through Fenestration Systems Containing Shading: Procedures for Estimating Performance from Minimal Data
The computational methods for calculating the properties of glazing systems containing shading from the properties of their components have been developed, but the measurement standards and property data bases necessary to apply them have not. It is shown that with a drastic simplifying assumption these methods can be used to calculate system solar-optical properties and solar heat gain coefficients for arbitrary glazing systems, while requiring limited data about the shading. Detailed formulas are presented, and performance multipliers are defined for the approximate treatment of simple glazings with shading. As higher accuracy is demanded, the formulas become very complicated.
Klems, J.H.
SHADE: a computer model for evaluating the optical performance of two-axis tracking parabolic concentrators
A computer model SHADE (Selection of Heliostat Arrangement for Distributed Engines) has been developed at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory to aid in determining the optical performance of two-axis tracking parabolic concentrators. The shading of individual mirror assemblies in a field of parabolic dishes determines the optimal field arrangement and the most efficient method of plant operation. SHADE provides a simple and inexpensive analytical tool for examining certain design aspects of solar thermal power systems using a network of point-focusing parabolic concentrators.
Apley, W. J.
Extraction of Hydrological Proximity Measures from DEMs using Parallel Processing
Land surface topography is one of the most important terrain properties which impact hydrological, geomorphological, and ecological processes active on a landscape. In our previous efforts to develop a soil depth model based upon topographic and land cover variables, we extracted a set of hydrological proximity measures (HPMs) from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) as potential explanatory variables for soil depth. These HPMs may also have other, more general modeling applicability in hydrology, geomorphology and ecology, and so are described here from a general perspective. The HPMs we derived are variations of the distance up to ridge points (cells with no incoming flow) and variations of the distance down to stream points (cells with a contributing area greater than a threshold), following the flow path. These HPMs were computed using the D-infinity flow model that apportions flow between adjacent neighbors based on the direction of steepest downward slope on the eight triangular facets constructed in a 3 x 3 grid cell window using the center cell and each pair of adjacent neighboring grid cells in turn. The D-infinity model typically results in multiple flow paths between 2 points on the topography, with the result that distances may be computed as the minimum, maximum or average of the individual flow paths. In addition, each of the HPMs, are calculated vertically, horizontally, and along the land surface. Previously, these HPMs were calculated using recursive serial algorithms which suffered from stack overflow problems when used to process large datasets, limiting the size of DEMs that could be analyzed using that method to approximately 7000 x 7000 cells. To overcome this limitation, we developed a message passing interface (MPI) parallel approach for calculating these HPMs. The parallel algorithms of the HPMs spatially partition the input grid into stripes which are each assigned to separate processes for computation. Each of those processes then uses a queue data structure to order the processing of cells so that each cell is visited only once and the cross-process communications that are a standard part of MPI are handled in an efficient manner. This parallel approach allows analysis of much larger DEMs as compared to the serial recursive algorithms. In this paper, we present the definitions of the HPMs, the serial and parallel algorithms used in their extraction and their potential applications in hydrology, geomorphology and ecology.
Tesfa, Teklu K.; Tarboton, David G.; Watson, Daniel W.; Schreuders, Kimberly A.; Baker, Matthew M.; Wallace, Robert M.
Solar DEM Model Proposal : A solar image in color band b, mn pixels,
Solar DEM Model Proposal : A solar image in color band b, m�?n pixels, containing a particular solar 11 )( #12;Solar DEM Model Proposal : the volume (abundance?) of ion ii : the proportion of the total volume at temperature t t T t bitt I i ib MIE 11 )( #12;Solar Dataset · 15 Filters.txt files
Iowa Shade Trees Bring Energy Bills Down, Beauty Up | Department of Energy
Shade Trees Bring Energy Bills Down, Beauty Up Shade Trees Bring Energy Bills Down, Beauty Up Iowa Shade Trees Bring Energy Bills Down, Beauty Up November 10, 2010 - 9:00am Addthis Volunteers from the Waverly Trees Forever group are planting windbreak trees on the north side of the mobile home court. Waverly experienced record flooding in 2008. | Photo Courtesy of Trees Forever Volunteers from the Waverly Trees Forever group are planting windbreak trees on the north side of the mobile home court. Waverly experienced record flooding in 2008. | Photo Courtesy of Trees Forever Lindsay Gsell What are the key facts? Iowa non-profit will plant 2,500 trees to encourage energy efficiency Using nearly $160,000 in State Energy Program funding through the Recovery Act Large shade trees can lower cooling bills by up to 30 percent
Cloud Shading Retrieval and Assimilation in a Satellite-Model Coupled Mesoscale Analysis System
A retrieval-assimilation method has been developed as a quantitative means to exploit the information in satellite imagery regarding shading of the ground by clouds, as applied to mesoscale weather analysis. Cloud radiative parameters are ...
Alan E. Lipton
Iowa Shade Trees Bring Energy Bills Down, Beauty Up Iowa Shade Trees Bring Energy Bills Down, Beauty Up Iowa Shade Trees Bring Energy Bills Down, Beauty Up November 10, 2010 - 9:00am Addthis Volunteers from the Waverly Trees Forever group are planting windbreak trees on the north side of the mobile home court. Waverly experienced record flooding in 2008. | Photo Courtesy of Trees Forever Volunteers from the Waverly Trees Forever group are planting windbreak trees on the north side of the mobile home court. Waverly experienced record flooding in 2008. | Photo Courtesy of Trees Forever Lindsay Gsell What are the key facts? Iowa non-profit will plant 2,500 trees to encourage energy efficiency Using nearly $160,000 in State Energy Program funding through the Recovery Act Large shade trees can lower cooling bills by up to 30 percent
Measurement of bidirectional optical properties of complex shading devices
A new method of predicting the solar heat gain through complex fenestration systems involving nonspecular layers such as shades or blinds has been examined in a project jointly sponsored by ASHRAE and DOE. In this method, a scanning radiometer is used to measure the bidirectional radiative transmittance and reflectance of each layer of a fenestration system. The properties of systems containing these layers are then built up computationally from the measured layer properties using a transmission/multiple-reflection calculation. The calculation produces the total directional-hemispherical transmittance of the fenestration system and the layer-by-layer absorptances. These properties are in turn combined with layer-specific measurements of the inward-flowing fractions of absorbed solar energy to produce the overall solar heat gain coefficient. This paper describes the method of measuring the spatially averaged bidirectional optical properties using an automated, large-sample gonioradiometer/photometer, termed a ``Scanning Radiometer.`` Property measurements are presented for one of the most optically complex systems in common use, a venetian blind. These measurements will form the basis for optical system calculations used to test the method of determining performance.
Klems, J.H.; Warner, J.L.
Pressure Relief Devices for Compressed Hydrogen Vehicle Fuel Containers
CSA Standards HPRD1-2009 CSA Standards HPRD1-2009 Temporary Interim Requirement For Pressure Relief Devices For Compressed Hydrogen Vehicle Fuel Containers Published - August 2009 3 5.6 General Hydrogen Service Suitability 5.6.1 General. The purpose of this test is to demonstrate suitability of pressure relief devices in hydrogen service. The pressure relief devices will be selected to be in compliance with Section 5.1 and representative of normal production. NOTE: This series of performance tests may not guarantee that all cases and conditions of service will be validated; it is still incumbent on the designer/builder to carefully screen materials of construction for their intended use. Test Method. The general hydrogen service suitability test sequence will be performed on nine devices.
Spray Shadowing For Stress Relief And Mechanical Locking In Thick
Advanced Materials » Advanced Materials » Spray Shadowing For Stress Relief And Mechanical Locking Spray Shadowing For Stress Relief And Mechanical Locking In Thick Protective Coatings A method for applying a protective coating on an article. Available for thumbnail of Feynman Center (505) 665-9090 Email Spray Shadowing For Stress Relief And Mechanical Locking In Thick Protective Coatings A method for applying a protective coating on an article, comprising the following steps: selecting an article with a surface for applying a coating thickness; creating undercut grooves on the article, where the grooves depend beneath the surface to a bottom portion with the grooves having an upper width on the surface and a lower width on the bottom portion connected by side walls, where at least one of the side walls connects the
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
the Federal Offshore Royalty Relief Program the Federal Offshore Royalty Relief Program This report provides a brief overview of the offshore royalty relief program operated by the Department of the Interior's Minerals Management Service. It describes the basics of revenue collection and royalty payments as well as provisions under which certain oil and natural gas leases are exempt from royalty obligations. Questions or comments on this article may be directed to Erin Mastrangelo at firstname.lastname@example.com or (202)586-6201. In order to explore and develop offshore oil and natural gas resources, the Department of Interior's Minerals Management Service (MMS) awards leases to interested parties through a competitive bidding process. The high bidders must pay a cash bonus bid and
TecDEM: A MATLAB based toolbox for tectonic geomorphology, Part 2: Surface dynamics and basin analysis
We present the analytical capability of TecDEM, a MATLAB toolbox used in conjunction with Global DEMs for the extraction of tectonic geomorphologic information. TecDEM includes a suite of algorithms to analyze topography, extracted drainage networks ... Keywords: Basin tilting, Hypsometry, Isobase map, Surface roughness, Tectonics
Faisal Shahzad; Richard Gloaguen
High Resolution DEM Generated from LiDAR Data for Water Respurce Management�, Monash university
Terrain patterns play an important role in determining the nature of water resources and related hydrological modelling. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), offering an efficient way to represent ground surface, allow automated direct extraction of hydrological features (Garbrecht and Martz, 1999), thus bringing advantages in terms of processing efficiency, cost effectiveness, and accuracy assessment, compared with traditional methods based on topographic maps, field surveys, or photographic interpretations. However, researchers have found that DEM quality and resolution affect the accuracy of any extracted hydrological features (Kenward et al., 2000). Therefore, DEM quality and resolution must be specified according to the nature
X. j. Peterson
SENDROM: sensor networks for disaster relief operations management
SENDROM is a new sensor network architecture to manage the rescue operations after large scale disasters. This architecture mainly consists of sensor nodes deployed prior to a disaster and central nodes that can query sensor nodes. Central nodes are ... Keywords: data dissemination, disaster relief operations, sesnor networks, task dissemination
Erdal Cayirci; Tolga Coplu
Light-scattering properties of a woven shade-screen material used for
Light-scattering properties of a woven shade-screen material used for Light-scattering properties of a woven shade-screen material used for daylighting and solar heat-gain control Title Light-scattering properties of a woven shade-screen material used for daylighting and solar heat-gain control Publication Type Conference Paper LBNL Report Number LBNL-828E Year of Publication 2008 Authors Jonsson, Jacob C., Eleanor S. Lee, and Michael D. Rubin Conference Name SPIE Optics+Photonics Date Published 08/2008 Conference Location San Diego, CA Call Number LBNL-828E Abstract Shade-screens are widely used in commercial buildings as a way to limit the amount of direct sunlight that can disturb people in the building. The shade screens also reduce the solar heat-gain through glazing the system. Modern energy and daylighting analysis software such as EnergyPlus and Radiance require complete scattering properties of the scattering materials in the system.
Radar Beam Occultation Studies Using GIS and DEM Technology: An Example Study of Guam
Geographic information systems (GISs) combined with digital elevation models (DEMs) provide opportunities to evaluate weather radar beam blockage and other ground clutter phenomena. The authors explore this potential using topographic information ...
Paul A. Kucera; Witold F. Krajewski; C. Bryan Young
Computer simulation of shading and blocking: Discussion of accuracy and recommendations
A field of heliostats suffers losses caused by shading and blocking by neighboring heliostats. The complex geometry of multiple shading and blocking events suggests that a processing code is needed to update the boundary vector for each shading or blocking event. A new version, RSABS, (programmer`s manual included) simulates the split-rectangular heliostat. Researchers concluded that the dominant error for the given heliostat geometry is caused by the departure from planarity of the neighboring heliostats. It is recommended that a version of the heliostat simulation be modified to include losses due to nonreflective structural margins, if they occur. Heliostat neighbors should be given true guidance rather than assumed to be parallel, and the resulting nonidentical quadrilateral images should be processed, as in HELIOS, by ignoring overlapping events, rare in optimized fields.
Lipps, F W [Houston Univ., TX (United States)
A field of heliostats suffers losses caused by shading and blocking by neighboring heliostats. The complex geometry of multiple shading and blocking events suggests that a processing code is needed to update the boundary vector for each shading or blocking event. A new version, RSABS, (programmer's manual included) simulates the split-rectangular heliostat. Researchers concluded that the dominant error for the given heliostat geometry is caused by the departure from planarity of the neighboring heliostats. It is recommended that a version of the heliostat simulation be modified to include losses due to nonreflective structural margins, if they occur. Heliostat neighbors should be given true guidance rather than assumed to be parallel, and the resulting nonidentical quadrilateral images should be processed, as in HELIOS, by ignoring overlapping events, rare in optimized fields.
Lipps, F.W. (Houston Univ., TX (United States))
Solar Easement and the Solar Shade Control Act | Department of Energy
Easement and the Solar Shade Control Act Easement and the Solar Shade Control Act Solar Easement and the Solar Shade Control Act < Back Eligibility Commercial Industrial Residential Savings Category Heating & Cooling Commercial Heating & Cooling Solar Heating Buying & Making Electricity Swimming Pool Heaters Water Heating Program Info State California Program Type Solar/Wind Access Policy California's solar access laws appear in the state's Civil, Government, Health and Safety, and Public Resources Codes. California's Civil Code (801.5) ensures that neighbors may voluntarily sign solar easements to ensure that proper sunlight is available to those who operate solar energy systems. California's Government Code (65850.5) provides that subdivisions may include solar easements applicable to all plots within the
Cool Materials and Shade Trees : Technologies : From the Lab to the
Cool Materials and Shade Trees Cool Materials and Shade Trees From the Lab to the Marketplace Ten Years Later, Energy Efficient Technologies from Research at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley Lab logo (left) with six rows of gray dots transitioning to a line art drawing of a cityscape and residential houses. Cool Materials and Shade Trees On a clear summer afternoon, the air in a typical city is about 3K (5°F) warmer than that in the surrounding countryside. This phenomenon, known as the summer urban heat island, results from a lack of vegetation and a prevalence of dark surfaces in cities. Urban heat islands can be uncomfortable, aggravate heat-related illnesses, and make heat waves more deadly. Higher air temperatures also accelerate smog formation and increase
A general framework for three-dimensional surface reconstruction by self-consistent fusion of shading and shadow features
In this paper a novel framework for three-dimensional surface reconstruction by self-consistent fusion of shading and shadow features is presented. Based on the analysis of at least two pixel-synchronous images of the scene under different illumination ... Keywords: Lunar surface, Photoclinometry, Quality inspection, Shadow analysis, Shape from shading, Surface reconstruction
Christian W�hler; Kia Hafezi
Stress Relief Treatment of Alloy 600 Steam Generator Tubing
Various time-temperature combinations may hold potential for improving the resistance of tubesheet transition regions to intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC). EPRI has discovered that the most significant enhancement in IGSCC of Alloy 600 steam generator tubing occurs with stress relief heat treatments administered in the range of 550-610 degrees Celsius for an average of nine hours. Treatments administered for shorter times at temperatures greater than 700 degrees Celsius also proved effective.
Stress relief cracking in creep resisting low alloy ferritic steels.
The Problem of Stress Relief Cracking in Low Alloy Steels During the welding of a ferritic steel, the HAZ adjacent to the weld transforms to austenite, the grains close to the fusion zone attaining particularly high tempel'ature and undergoing considerable... growth. At the same time, carbides tend to dissolve, dissolution being more complete in the coarse 14 grained region because it attains a higher temperature. The HAZ is cooled rapidly by the cold parent metal and, as a result, re- precipitation...
Tait, Robert Andrew
Model for Thermal Behavior of Shaded Photovoltaic Cells under Hot-Spot Condition
We address the problem of modeling the thermal behavior of photovoltaic (PV) cells that, due to their being exposed to shading, may experience a dramatic temperature increase (a phenomenon referred to as hot-spot) with consequent reduction of the provided ... Keywords: solar cell, hot-spot heating, energy efficiency, reliability
Daniele Giaffreda; Martin Omana; Daniele Rossi; Cecilia Metra
SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH FENESTRATION SYSTEMS CONTAINING SHADING: SUMMARY OF PROCEDURES that with a drastic simplifying assumption these methods can be used to calculate system solar-optical properties and solar heat gain coefficients for arbitrary glazing systems, while requiring limited data about
SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH FENESTRATION SYSTEMS CONTAINING SHADING: PROCEDURES FOR ESTIMATING that with a drastic simplifying assumption these methods can be used to calculate system solar-optical properties and solar heat gain coefficients for arbitrary glazing systems, while requiring limited data about
Effectiveness of Shading Air-Cooled Condensers of Air-Conditioning Systems
In air-conditioning (A/C) systems with air-cooled condensers, the condensing unit has to be kept in the open for easy access to outdoor air in order to efficiently dissipate heat. During daytime, the solar radiation falling on the surfaces of the condenser and the high ambient temperatures can be detrimental for the energy performance. The effectiveness of shading the condensing unit to mitigate this adverse impact is investigated in this paper. A limiting analysis compares the performance of several A/C systems with ideal shade to those with ideal solar heat gain. The comparison is based on a theoretical model and data from equipment catalogs. The theoretical increase in the coefficient of performance (COP) due to shading is found to be within 2.5%. Furthermore, this small improvement in ideal efficiency decreases at higher ambient temperatures, when enhancements to efficiency are more needed. The actual efficiency improvement due to shading is not expected to exceed 1%, and the daily energy savings will be lower.
ElSherbini, A.; Maheshwari, G. P.
Solar heat gain through fenestration systems containing shading: Summary of procedures for estimating performance from minimal data
Klems, Joseph H.
TecDEM: A MATLAB based toolbox for tectonic geomorphology, Part 1: Drainage network preprocessing and stream profile analysis
We present TecDEM, a software shell implemented in MATLAB that applies tectonic geomorphologic tasks to digital elevation models (DEMs). The first part of this paper series describes drainage partitioning schemes and stream profile analysis. The graphical ... Keywords: Digital elevation models, Hack index, MATLAB, Stream profile analysis, Tectonics
A Numerical Study of Inversion-Layer Breakup and the Effects of Topographic Shading in Idealized Valleys
Numerical simulations of inversion-layer breakup in idealized steep valleys are performed using the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) to investigate the effects of valley width and depth, and topographic shade. Simulations of the diurnal ...
Augustin Colette; Fotini Katopodes Chow; Robert L. Street
Existence and uniqueness for shape from shading around critical points: theory and an algorithm
To approach the difficult question of existence and uniqueness of solutions for the shape-from-shading problem, the authors have examined the image irradiance equation using notation and concepts from dynamic systems theory. The method of characteristic strips used by Horn (1975) defines a dynamic system on a four-dimensional space. Using modern methods for analyzing the behavior of dynamic systems, general uniqueness results and a new shape-from-shading algorithm emerge based on the image dynamic system. Solution surfaces for the shape-from-shading problem are invariant manifolds of the flow generated by the image dynamic system. The stable and unstable manifolds associated with certain critical points in the image determine locally unique solution surfaces. A theorem about unstable manifolds (the Lambda Lemma) suggests a class of computational methods for finding stable and unstable manifolds around these critical points. A simple example of such a method is described and found to be robust in the presence of image noise and errors in assumptions about the light source.
Saxberg, V.H. (McKinsey and Company, Inc., New York, NY (United States))
A Little Shade Can Go a Long Way | Department of Energy
A Little Shade Can Go a Long Way A Little Shade Can Go a Long Way A Little Shade Can Go a Long Way May 10, 2010 - 11:02am Addthis Allison Casey Senior Communicator, NREL Spring is my favorite time of year. The snow (finally!) stops, the temperature is perfect, and everything is colorful again. We rarely need to turn on the heat or air conditioner to stay comfortable at home, and there's nothing better than a relaxing evening on the deck. But that doesn't last long, and soon the hot days of summer will be upon us. At my house, we're already thinking about how to cut our cooling bills while still keeping our home comfortable. We have a panoramic view of the Rocky Mountains to the west that is gorgeous, no doubt, but the direct sunlight keeps our air conditioner working overtime when it's hot out. Plus, it gets so hot that we aren't
RAPID RESPONSE: DISASTER RELIEF AND Ill Winds: Hurricanes Camille and Agnes
CHAPTER 4 RAPID RESPONSE: DISASTER RELIEF AND RECOVERY Ill Winds: Hurricanes Camille and Agnes. Enactment in 1950 of a federal disaster relief program brought the Corps heavy responsibilities but also work south of the city and also assisted the Mobile District that was responsible for most of the work
US Army Corps of Engineers
A developing world perspective on the design of wireless enabled humanitarian relief services
In the absence of adequate state support, societies in the developing world have long relied on community support for humanitarian relief. Such community networks provide a readily available platform for delivery of humanitarian relief services. Wireless ... Keywords: economics of information, risk management, systems thinking
Anshuman Saxena; Alain Wegmann
EA-0912: Urgent-Relief Acceptance of Foreign Research Reactor Spent Nuclear
2: Urgent-Relief Acceptance of Foreign Research Reactor Spent 2: Urgent-Relief Acceptance of Foreign Research Reactor Spent Nuclear Fuel EA-0912: Urgent-Relief Acceptance of Foreign Research Reactor Spent Nuclear Fuel SUMMARY This EA evaluates the environmental impacts of a proposal to accept 409 spent fuel elements from eight foreign research reactors in seven European countries. The spent fuel would be shipped across the ocean in spent fuel transportation casks from the country of origin to one or more United States eastern seaboard ports. PUBLIC COMMENT OPPORTUNITIES None available at this time. DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD April 22, 1994 EA-0912: Finding of No Significant Impact Urgent-Relief Acceptance of Foreign Research Reactor Spent Nuclear Fuel April 22, 1994 EA-0912: Final Environmental Assessment Urgent-Relief Acceptance of Foreign Research Reactor Spent Nuclear Fuel
An analysis of tomb reliefs depicting boat construction from the Old Kingdom period in Egypt
Among the aspects of daily life represented on the walls of private tombs during the Old Kingdom in Egypt are reliefs depicting the construction of boat hulls. Examination of the twenty known reliefs and relief fragments which date to this period provides numerous insights into the technology and methodology of wooden hull construction. These reliefs were created to be blueprints of boat construction procedures but rather to ensure that the owner of the tomb would have boats in his afterlife. The majority of the procedures relate to the final stages of constru ction prior to the hull being launched. The depiction of the tools necessary for hull construction and how they we,-e used is of great relevance. Hull symmetry was checked with the aid of a plumb bob while adzes were kept ready to remove flatspots. The procedure of joining planks edge-to-edge with mortise-and-tencn joints is representcd with great detail in the Ty relief. Joining planks in this manner required a team of men working together while being supervised. Reliefs which show hulls with a rope truss stretching from end to end were used to tighten internal traverse lashed joinery and are not the hogging trusses seen on seagoing ships and cargo vessels. Depictions of various steps required for this procedure in most reliefs suggests thats its employment was pervasive.
Rogers, Edward Morgan
Energy Crisis in the Superbubble DEM L 192 (N 51D)
Superbubbles surrounding OB associations provide ideal laboratories to study the stellar energy feedback problem because the stellar energy input can be estimated from the observed stellar content of the OB associations and the interstellar thermal and kinetic energies of superbubbles are well-defined and easy to observe. We have used DEM L 192, also known as N 51D, to carry out a detailed case study of the energy budget in a superbubble, and we find that the expected amount of stellar mechanical energy injected into the ISM, (18+-5)x10^51 ergs, exceeds the amount of thermal and kinetic energies stored in the superbubble, (6+-2)x10^51 ergs. Clearly, a significant fraction of the stellar mechanical energy must have been converted to other forms of energy. The X-ray spectrum of the diffuse emission from DEM L 192 requires a power-law component to explain the featureless emission at 1.0-3.0 keV. The origin of this power-law component is unclear, but it may be responsible for the discrepancy between the stellar energy input and the observed interstellar energy in DEM L 192.
R. L. Cooper; M. A. Guerrero; Y. -H. Chu; C. -H. R. Chen; B. C. Dunne
Analytically calculating shading in regular arrays of sun-pointing collectors
A method is presented for deriving an algorithm for analytically calculating shading of sun-pointing solar collectors by other identical collectors in the field. The method is particularly suited to regularly-spaced collectors, with convex aperture shapes. Using this method, an algorithm suitable for circular-aperture collectors is derived. The algorithm is validated against results obtained using an existing algorithm, and an example for usage of the algorithm as a tool for validating assumptions of an existing algorithm is presented. (author)
Meller, Yosef [Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, 69978 Tel Aviv (Israel)
Reviews of ASME Section 11 pump and valve relief requests: Post Generic Letter 89-04
This paper presents a discussion of ASME Section 11 Pump and Valve Inservice Testing relief request reviews by the NRC and their contractors. Topics that will be discussed include the scope of USNRC reviews in Technical Evaluation Reports (TERs) (and Safety Evaluation, SEs); including the basis for granting relief requests, the status of relief requests in IST Program updates, and the Generic Letter 89-04 approval process; and the level of technical detail required in submitted programs. This presentation is based on the experiences of Brookhaven National Laboratory in reviewing IST Programs for the Mechanical Engineering Branch of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
DiBiasio, A.
Shade-screens are widely used in commercial buildings as a way to limit the amount of direct sunlight that can disturb people in the building. The shade screens also reduce the solar heat-gain through glazing the system. Modern energy and daylighting analysis software such as EnergyPlus and Radiance require complete scattering properties of the scattering materials in the system. In this paper a shade screen used in the LBNL daylighting testbed is characterized using a photogoniometer and a normal angle of incidence integrating sphere. The data is used to create a complete bi-directional scattering distribution function (BSDF) that can be used in simulation programs. The resulting BSDF is compared to a model BADFs, both directly and by calculating the solar heat-gain coefficient for a dual pane system using Window 6.
Jonsson, Jacob; Jonsson, Jacob C.; Lee, Eleanor S.; Rubin, Mike
Table lamp with dynamically controlled lighting distribution and uniformly illuminated luminous shade
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A double lamp table or floor lamp lighting system has a pair of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) or other lamps arranged vertically, i.e. one lamp above the other, with a reflective septum in between. By selectively turning on one or both of the CFLs, down lighting, up lighting, or both up and down lighting is produced. The control system can also vary the light intensity from each CFL. The reflective septum ensures that almost all the light produced by each lamp will be directed into the desired light distribution pattern which is selected and easily changed by the user. In a particular configuration, the reflective septum is bowl shaped, with the upper CFL sitting in the bowl, and a luminous shade hanging down from the bowl. The lower CFL provides both task lighting and uniform shade luminance. Planar compact fluorescent lamps, e.g. circular CFLs, particularly oriented horizontally, are preferable. CFLs provide energy efficiency. However, other types of lamps, including incandescent, halogen, and LEDs can also be used in the fixture. The lighting system may be designed for the home, hospitality, office or other environments.
Siminovitch, Michael J. (Pinole, CA); Page, Erik R. (Berkeley, CA)
Energy, Shading and Daylighting Analysis for the Austin Bergstrom International Airport Terminal
Our firm was under contract with the City of Austin, Texas to perform energy analysis and analysis of the daylighting potential within the New Austin Bergstrom International Airport Terminal. Design of the Passenger Terminal Facility for the New Austin Airport included large glass areas for viewing arriving and departing planes, the sky, and the surrounding terrain. The glass was envisioned to provide quality natural lighting for the terminal during daylight hours in order to improve the quality of the space and save energy throughout the usable life of the terminal. For the glass to achieve the design goals, adverse qualities were minimized and beneficial qualities must be enhanced. Using computer simulation, we studied the shading devices on the south clearstories to maximize the daylight and minimize problems of direct gain in a large commercial space. The study also included analysis of skylights above the baggage claim, indirect lighting of major spaces within the airport, and the controls of the artificial lights for integrating the efficient use of the available daylight. The energy, shading, and daylighting analysis includes analysis of a mix of low and high volume spaces. The daylight sources include glass walls, clearstories, and skylights.
Holder, L. M. III; Holder, L. M. IV
Performance of Integrated Systems of Automated Roller Shade Systems and Daylight Responsive Dimming Systems
Daylight responsive dimming systems have been used in few buildings to date because they require improvements to improve reliability. The key underlying factor contributing to poor performance is the variability of the ratio of the photosensor signal to daylight workplane illuminance in accordance with sun position, sky condition, and fenestration condition. Therefore, this paper describes the integrated systems between automated roller shade systems and daylight responsive dimming systems with an improved closed-loop proportional control algorithm, and the relative performance of the integrated systems and single systems. The concept of the improved closed-loop proportional control algorithm for the integrated systems is to predict the varying correlation of photosensor signal to daylight workplane illuminance according to roller shade height and sky conditions for improvement of the system accuracy. In this study, the performance of the integrated systems with two improved closed-loop proportional control algorithms was compared with that of the current (modified) closed-loop proportional control algorithm. In the results, the average maintenance percentage and the average discrepancies of the target illuminance, as well as the average time under 90percent of target illuminance for the integrated systems significantly improved in comparison with the current closed-loop proportional control algorithm for daylight responsive dimming systems as a single system.
Park, Byoung-Chul; Choi, An-Seop; Jeong, Jae-Weon; Lee, Eleanor S.
Picking up the pieces : transitional shelters for disaster relief in the northern mountainous regions of Pakistan
This thesis seeks to tackle a complex problem - disaster housing relief - from the angle of architecture design discipline and attempts to find a logical approach to solve such a problem via an in depth examination of a ...
Lee, Weifeng Victoria
Working Families Tax Relief Act of 2004 (released in AEO2005)
Reports and Publications (EIA)
The Working Families Tax Relief Act of 2004 was signed into law on October 13, 2004. Primarily, the Act reduces taxes for individuals and businesses. At least two provisions relate to energy: Depletion of marginal properties and qualified vehicles.
Information Center
Temperature impacts on the set pressure of soft seated pressure relief valves
From a safety standpoint, regardless of plant or facility type, the most important pieces of equipment are the pressure relief devices. The most critical characteristics of a pressure relief device are its set pressure and the related relieving capacity. The Set Pressure of a pressure relief device is defined as that value of increasing inlet static pressure at which the discharge becomes continuous (ASME PTC 25-1994, Performance Test Codes). To preclude an unsafe overpressure situation, the set pressure of the pressure relief device must not exceed the maximum allowable working pressure of the equipment or system being protected. Because of testing facility limitations, size or pressure, pressure relief valves intended for elevated temperature service are often set using ambient temperature air. Adjustments are made to the ambient valve opening pressures to compensate for the temperature differences. The extent of the adjustments to the pressure relief valve set pressure is important to ensure the valve will provide the required overpressure protection at the elevated in-service temperature.
Engel, J.J.; Zirps, G.T.; Gleason, R.B. [and others
Capital Cost-Aware Design and Partial Shading-Aware Architecture Optimization of a Reconfigurable Photovoltaic System
Photovoltaic System Yanzhi Wang, Xue Lin, and Massoud Pedram University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA Seoul, Korea 151-744 {jmkim, firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract-- Photovoltaic (PV) systems are often to the current partial shading pattern. The reconfigurable PV panel architecture integrates every PV cell
Visual Comfort Analysis of Innovative Interior and Exterior Shading Systems for Commercial Buildings using High Resolution Luminance Images
A source book on daylighting systems and components. Adaylighting. Casual inspection of these buildings in operation often reveals that shading systemssystems that employ one or more of the following strategies: sub-division of the window wall into an upper daylighting
Konis, Kyle
Calorimetric measurements of inward-flowing fraction for complex glazing and shading systems
This paper presents a calorimetric measurement of layer-specific inward-flowing fractions of absorbed solar energy for a number of geometric configurations common in fenestrations with shading. The inward-flowing fractions are found to be relatively insensitive to exterior conditions. Results for an interior venetian blind over double glazing agree with thermal model calculations in literature, and are the first layer-specific verification of these calculations. It is argued that a data base of these inward-flowing fractions for a suitably broad class of geometries will make possible the determination of solar heat gain coefficient from noncalorimetric measurements of solar-optical properties of complex fenestration components, a procedure termed solar-thermal separation.
Klems, J.H.; Kelley, G.O.
Computer shadow analysis technique for tilted windows shaded by overhangs, vertical projections, and side fins
This paper expands upon previously published techniques for calculating window shadow areas by computer to include tilted and horizontal glazing systems as well as vertical glazing systems. This methodology may be used for any rectangular window shaded by rectangular overhangs and/or side fins perpendicular to the plane of the window. Rectangular projections suspended from the end of an overhang are also accommodated. The technique yields a precise solution and requires minimum input. Computer processing is rapid because iterative algorithms are avoided. Shadow overlaps and end effects are completely treated. The glazing system may have any degree of tilt from horizontal (looking upward) through vertical to horizontal (looking downward). Techniques for sorting window shadow shapes and equations for calculating shadow areas are included.
Bekooy, R.G.
Roof shading and wall glazing techniques for reducing peak building heating and cooling loads. Final report
The roof shading device proved to be effective in reducing peak building cooling loads under both actual testing conditions and in selected computer simulations. The magnitude of cooling load reductions varied from case to case depending on individual circumstances. Key variables that had significant impacts on its thermal performance were the number of months of use annually, the thermal characteristics of the roof construction, hours of building use, and internal gains. Key variables that had significant impacts upon economic performance were the costs of fuel energy for heating and cooling, and heating and cooling equipment efficiency. In general, the more sensitive the building is to climate, the more effective the shading device will be. In the example case, the annual fuel savings ($.05 psf) were 6 to 10% of the estimated installation costs ($.50 to .75 psf). The Trombe wall installation at Roxborough High School proved to be effective in collecting and delivering significant amounts of solar heat energy. It was also effective in conserving heat energy by replacing obsolete windows which leaked large amounts of heat from the building. Cost values were computed for both solar energy contributions and for heat loss reductions by window replacement. Together they amount to an estimated three hundred and ninety dollars ($390.00) per year in equivalent electric fuel costs. When these savings are compared with installation cost figures it is apparent that the Trombe wall installation as designed and installed presents a potentially cost-effective method of saving fuel costs. The study results indicate that improved Trombe wall efficiency can be achieved by making design and construction changes to reduce or eliminate outside air leakage into the system and provide automatic fan control.
Ueland, M.
INTERPRETATION REGARDING EXEMPTION RELIEF PURSUANT TO 10 C.F.R. PART 820, PROCEDURAL RULES FOR DOE NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES, SUBPART E, EXEMPTION RELIEF, AND NON-COMPLIANT "DOCUMENTED SAFETY ANALYSES" SUBJECT TO 10 C.F.R. PART 830, NUCLEAR SAFETY MANAGEMENT, SUBPART B, SAFETY BASIS REQUIREMENTS Subpart D to 10 C.F.R Part 820 provides that the Department of Energy's (DOE) General Counsel (GC) shall be responsible for interpreting the DOE Nuclear Safety Requirements. Pursuant to that authority, the GC here responds to two questions received regarding contractor compliance with safety basis requirements: 1. Does 10 C.F.R. Part 820, Procedural Rules for DOE Nuclear Activities, allow
The objective of this study was to explore how calibrated high dynamic range (HDR) images (luminance maps) acquired in real world daylit environments can be used to characterize, evaluate, and compare visual comfort conditions of innovative facade shading and light-redirecting systems. Detailed (1536 x 1536 pixel) luminance maps were time-lapse acquired from two view positions in an unoccupied full scale testbed facility. These maps were analyzed using existing visual comfort metrics to quantify how innovative interior and exterior shading systems compare to conventional systems under real sun and sky conditions over a solstice-to-solstice test interval. The results provide a case study in the challenges and potential of methods of visualizing, evaluating and summarizing daily and seasonal variation of visual comfort conditions computed from large sets of image data.
Konis, Kyle; Lee, Eleanor; Clear, Robert
ALL SHADED FIELDS ARE REQUIRED U.S. Department of Energy Commercial Building Energy Asset Score 2013 Pilot
ALL SHADED FIELDS ARE REQUIRED ALL SHADED FIELDS ARE REQUIRED U.S. Department of Energy Commercial Building Energy Asset Score 2013 Pilot Data Collection Form Version: 6/14/2013 Building Name: Data collected by: Email, phone: Date of Data Collection: HOW TO USE THIS DATA COLLECTION FORM This form is intended to facilitate your data collection. The Energy Asset Scoring Tool uses the "block" concept to simplify your building geometry. Most buildings can be scored as one block un- less at least one of the follow situations applies: a. The building has sections with different numbers of floors Example: A portion of the building is 3 story and the other portion is 10 story. b. Different parts of the building are served by different HVAC systems Example: A portion of the building uses a local chiller, the other portion uses packaged DX
Adaptive smoothing of valleys in DEMs using TIN interpolation from ridgeline elevations: An application to morphotectonic aspect analysis
This paper presents a smoothing method that eliminates valleys of various Strahler-order drainage lines from a digital elevation model (DEM), thus enabling the recovery of local and regional trends in a terrain. A novel method for automated extraction ... Keywords: Aspect analysis, Digital drainage analysis, Digital elevation model, Digital terrain modelling, Rose diagram, Smoothing, Tectonic geomorphology
Gyozo Jordan
Lessons Learned in Using Social Media for Disaster Relief ASU Crisis Response Game
Lessons Learned in Using Social Media for Disaster Relief ASU Crisis Response Game Mohammad in a simulated disaster. · Crowdsourcing using social media · Data collection · Task allocation and · Response to include public warning to avoid confusion in a disaster game · Coordination among different systems
Liu, Huan
Lessons Learned in Using Social Media for Disaster Relief -ASU Crisis Response Game
Lessons Learned in Using Social Media for Disaster Relief - ASU Crisis Response Game Mohammad disasters. In the light of these facts, the results from the ASU Crisis Response Game show that people do.Liu)@asu.edu,email@example.com Abstract. In disasters such as the earthquake in Haiti and the tsunami in Japan, people used social media
A Framework for Designing a Global Information Network for Multinational Humanitarian Assistance/Disaster Relief
Large-scale Humanitarian Assistance/Disaster Relief (HA/DR) operations, particularly in developing countries, require the intervention and aid of various agencies from all over the world in a concerted and timely manner. As a result, HA/DR operations ... Keywords: crisis management, decision and negotiation support, information management
Tung Bui; Sungwon Cho; Siva Sankaran; Michael Sovereign
Evaluation of roller-type itch-relief device employing hot and cold alternating stimuli
An itch is a significant problem for many diseases and relief of itch without side effect is required. We focused on the fact that painful thermal stimulation inhibits the itch sensation. Based on two well-known phenomena, thermal grill illusion and ... Keywords: itch, thermal stimulation
Ryo Watanabe; Naoki Saito; Yuichiro Mori; Taku Hachisu; Michi Sato; Shogo Fukushima; Hiroyuki Kajimoto
Probability of Safety Valve Failure-to-Reseat Following Steam and Liquid Relief: Quantitative Expert Elicitation
This report describes a quantitative expert elicitation to assist in the determination of the failure probability of safety valves to reseat following steam and/or liquid relief. The expert elicitation process improves the estimation of the safety valve failure-to-reseat probability and is based on expert judgment, safety valve testing programs, and experience.
Investigation Of Adhesion Formation In New Stainless Steel Trim Spring Operated Pressure Relief Valves
Examination of proof test data for new (not previously installed) stainless steel (SS) trim spring operated pressure relief valves (SOPRV) reveals that adhesions form between the seat and disc in about 46% of all such SOPRV. The forces needed to overcome these adhesions can be sufficiently large to cause the SOPRV to fail its proof test (FPT) prior to installation. Furthermore, a significant percentage of SOPRV which are found to FPT are also found to ''fail to open'' (FTO) meaning they would not relief excess pressure in the event of an overpressure event. The cases where adhesions result in FTO or FPT appear to be confined to SOPRV with diameters < 1 in and set pressures < 150 psig and the FTO are estimated to occur in 0.31% to 2.00% of this subpopulation of SS trim SOPRV. The reliability and safety implications of these finding for end-users who do not perform pre-installation testing of SOPRV are discussed.
Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States); Villanova University, Villanova, PA (United States); exida, Sellersville, PA (United States)
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
The following document is the Office of General Counsel (GC) interpretation regarding exemption relief pursuant to�10 C.F.R. Part 820, Procedural Rules for DOE Nuclear Activities, Subpart E,...
Computer Based Training: Engineering Technical Training Module (ETTM) Relief and Safety Valves v1.0
Relief and Safety Valves ETTM, Version 1.0 is a computer45based training module that allows users to access training when desired and review it at their own pace. This module provides information about the types of valves, requirements surrounding their performance, characteristics and selection of these valves, as well as testing requirements. Additionally, it describes design considerations and system interactions. This training should be used for position specific and/or continuing training for indivi...
Sensations: a fabric of natural alcoves to provide relief from city life and stimulate the five senses
Cities have always been, and will likely always be, hectic. With every new technological advance this characteristic becomes amplified, and today city life offers little relief from cell phone chatter, honking car horns, ...
Brown, Megan (Megan Francesca)
Mobile medical disaster relief technology : enhancing communication, medical logistics, data creation, and crisis mapping for vulnerable communities
This thesis explores the field of disaster relief and recovery, and the application of emerging technologies that are both used by, and use the data generated by communities affected by natural disaster. This thesis analyzes ...
Intrator, Kira (Kira Rachel)
Detecting indentations on documents pressed by pen tip force using a near infrared light emitting diode (NIR LED) and shape from shading
We proposed the new method that detected indentations pressed by pen tip force on paper using an oblique near infrared (NIR) emitting by light emitting diodes (LEDs). According to conventional methods indentations were observed by document examiners' ... Keywords: NIR LED, handwriting, indentations, shape from shading
Takeshi Furukawa
Pressure Relief Devices for High-Pressure Gaseous Storage Systems: Applicability to Hydrogen Technology
Pressure relief devices (PRDs) are viewed as essential safety measures for high-pressure gas storage and distribution systems. These devices are used to prevent the over-pressurization of gas storage vessels and distribution equipment, except in the application of certain toxic gases. PRDs play a critical role in the implementation of most high-pressure gas storage systems and anyone working with these devices should understand their function so they can be designed, installed, and maintained properly to prevent any potentially dangerous or fatal incidents. As such, the intention of this report is to introduce the reader to the function of the common types of PRDs currently used in industry. Since high-pressure hydrogen gas storage systems are being developed to support the growing hydrogen energy infrastructure, several recent failure incidents, specifically involving hydrogen, will be examined to demonstrate the results and possible mechanisms of a device failure. The applicable codes and standards, developed to minimize the risk of failure for PRDs, will also be reviewed. Finally, because PRDs are a critical component for the development of a successful hydrogen energy infrastructure, important considerations for pressure relief devices applied in a hydrogen gas environment will be explored.
Kostival, A.; Rivkin, C.; Buttner, W.; Burgess, R.
The SCUBA HAlf Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) - III. Identification of radio and mid-infrared counterparts to submillimetre galaxies
Determining an accurate position for a submm galaxy (SMG) is the crucial step that enables us to move from the basic properties of an SMG sample - source counts and 2-D clustering - to an assessment of their detailed, multi-wavelength properties, their contribution to the history of cosmic star formation and their links with present-day galaxy populations. In this paper, we identify robust radio and/or IR counterparts, and hence accurate positions, for over two thirds of the SCUBA HAlf-Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) Source Catalogue, presenting optical, 24-um and radio images of each SMG. Observed trends in identification rate have given no strong rationale for pruning the sample. Uncertainties in submm position are found to be consistent with theoretical expectations, with no evidence for significant additional sources of error. Employing the submm/radio redshift indicator, via a parameterisation appropriate for radio-identified SMGs with spectroscopic redshifts, yields a median redshift of 2.8 for the radio-identified subset of SHADES, somewhat higher than the median spectroscopic redshift. We present a diagnostic colour-colour plot, exploiting Spitzer photometry, in which we identify regions commensurate with SMGs at very high redshift. Finally, we find that significantly more SMGs have multiple robust counterparts than would be expected by chance, indicative of physical associations. These multiple systems are most common amongst the brightest SMGs and are typically separated by 2-6", or 15-50/(sin i) kpc at z ~ 2, consistent with early bursts seen in merger simulations.
R. J. Ivison; T. R. Greve; J. S. Dunlop; J. A. Peacock; E. Egami; Ian Smail; E. Ibar; E. van Kampen; I. Aretxaga; T. Babbedge; A. D. Biggs; A. W. Blain; S. C. Chapman; D. L. Clements; K. Coppin; D. Farrah; M. Halpern; D. H. Hughes; M. J. Jarvis; T. Jenness; J. R. Jones; A. M. J. Mortier; S. Oliver; C. Papovich; P. G. Perez-Gonzalez; A. Pope; S. Rawlings; G. H. Rieke; M. Rowan-Robinson; R. S. Savage; D. Scott; M. Seigar; S. Serjeant; C. Simpson; J. A. Stevens; M. Vaccari; J. Wagg; C. J. Willott
Surface relief grating in azo-polymer obtained for s-s polarization configuration of the writing beams
The paper reports on the formation of the surface relief gratings in thin films of the azobenzene-functionalized polymer. We evidence that the efficiency of the formation process of the surface relief gratings strongly depends on the length of the main polymer chains in the case of the s-s configuration. The explanation of this relationship is given and is based on the revealing of the differences in the ability of the motion of the main chain which is strictly related to its length.
Sobolewska, Anna; Bartkiewicz, Stanislaw [Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw (Poland)
Deepwater royalty relief product of 3 1/2 year U.S. political effort
Against the backdrop of more than 20 years of increasingly stringent environmental regulation, ever-expanding exploration and development moratoria on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS), and reductions in producer tax incentives, oil and natural gas exploration companies active in deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico recently won a significant legislative victory. On Nov. 28, 1995, President Clinton signed into law S.395, the Alaska Power Administration Sale Act. Title 3 of S.395 embodies the Outer Continental Shelf Deep Water Royalty Relief Act. This landmark legislation provides substantial incentives for oil and natural gas production in the gulf of Mexico by temporarily eliminating royalties on certain deepwater leases. It is the first direct incentive for oil and gas production enacted at the federal level in many years. This paper reviews the elements used to arrive at this successful legislation including the congressional leadership. It describes debates, cabinet level discussions, and use of parlimentary procedures.
Davis, R.E. [Stuntz and Davis, Washington, DC (United States); Neff, S. [Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, Washington, DC (United States)
Soil surface illumination at micro-relief scale and soil BRDF data collected by a hyperspectral camera
The results of the paper draw attention to the fact that the hyperspectral image of soil surface at micro-relief scale may display variation in the soil spectral shape due to illumination conditions of the surface. The image of an extremely rough cultivated ...
Jerzy Cierniewski; Arnon Karnieli; Ittai Herrmann; S?awomir Krolewicz; Krzysztof Ku?nierek
St. Jude Medical utvecklar medicinsk teknik och tjnster som ger mer kontroll t dem som behandlar patienter med kardiologiska och neurologiska sjukdomar
St. Jude Medical utvecklar medicinsk teknik och tjänster som ger mer kontroll åt dem som behandlar. Jude Medical:s forskningsstipendium 2011 Stipendiets ändamål är att främja medicinteknisk innovation Sista ansökningsdag är 17 juni 2011 St. Jude Medical develops medical technology and services that focus
Pain Relief for Osteoarthritis Patients Benchmarked against Fish Oil, a Randomized Trial, without Placebo Control
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) typically generates pain, reduced mobility and reduced quality of life. Most conventional treatments for osteoarthritis, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and simple analgesics, have side effects. PCSO-524�, a non polar lipid extract from the New Zealand Green Lipped Mussel, is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and has been shown to reduce inflammation in both animal studies and patient trials. This OA trial examined pain relief changes in relation to quality of life and safety of use for OA patients who took PCSO-524 � compared with patients who took fish oil (containing an industry standard EPA-18 % and DHA-12 % blend). PCSO-524 � patients showed a statistically significant improvement compared with patients who took fish oil. There was an 89 % decrease in their pain symptoms and 91 % reported an improved quality of life. Patients treated with fish oil showed significantly less improvement and a greater level of physical discomfort during the study. These results suggest that PCSO-524 � might offer a potential alternative complementary therapy with no side effects for OA patients.
Marek Zawadzki; Claudia Janosch; Jacek Szechinski
Environmental Assessment of Urgent-Relief Acceptance of Foreign Research Reactor Spent Nuclear Fuel
The Department of Energy has completed the Environmental Assessment (EA) of Urgent-Relief Acceptance of Foreign Research Reactor Spent Nuclear Fuel and issued a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) for the proposed action. The EA and FONSI are enclosed for your information. The Department has decided to accept a limited number of spent nuclear fuel elements (409 elements) containing uranium that was enriched in the United States from eight research reactors in Austria, Denmark, Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland. This action is necessary to maintain the viability of a major US nuclear weapons nonproliferation program to limit or eliminate the use of highly enriched uranium in civil programs. The purpose of the EA is to maintain the cooperation of the foreign research reactor operators with the nonproliferation program while a more extensive Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is prepared on a proposed broader policy involving the acceptance of up to 15,000 foreign research reactor spent fuel elements over a 10 to 15 year period. Based on an evaluation of transport by commercial container liner or chartered vessel, five eastern seaboard ports, and truck and train modes of transporting the spent fuel overland to the Savannah River Sits, the Department has concluded that no significant impact would result from any combination of port and made of transport. In addition, no significant impacts were found from interim storage of spent fuel at the Savannah River Site.
Not Available
c ? 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Manufactured in The Netherlands. The Bas-Relief Ambiguity
Abstract. When an unknown object with Lambertian reflectance is viewed orthographically, there is an implicit ambiguity in determining its 3-d structure: we show that the object�s visible surface f (x, y) is indistinguishable from a �generalized bas-relief � transformation of the object�s geometry, f �(x, y) = ?f (x, y) + �x + ?y, and a corresponding transformation on the object�s albedo. For each image of the object illuminated by an arbitrary number of distant light sources, there exists an identical image of the transformed object illuminated by similarly transformed light sources. This result holds both for the illuminated regions of the object as well as those in cast and attached shadows. Furthermore, neither small motion of the object, nor of the viewer will resolve the ambiguity in determining the flattening (or scaling) ? of the object�s surface. Implications of this ambiguity on structure recovery and shape representation are discussed. Keywords: variable illumination, shadows, shape ambiguity, object representation, object recognition
Peter N. Belhumeur; David J. Kriegman; Alan L. Yuille
Supplement to Request for Relief from ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
The South Texas Project has requested relief (Reference 1) from IWA-5250(a) of ASME Section XI, 1983 Edition, for the disposition of a small, through-wall leak in the South Texas Project Unit 1 Refueling Water Storage Tank (RWST). The South Texas Project requested NRC approval to disposition the leak based on an analytical evaluation in accordance with IWB 3142.4 of the 1989 Edition of the ASME Section XI code. Pursuant to a verbal request from staff reviewers, the South Texas Project submits the following responses to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to clarify the technical study (Reference 3) which documented the results of a finite element analysis, fracture mechanics analysis, and field inspection of the tank. Question 1: Were seismic loads included in the Finite Element Analysis? Response: The finite element analysis was performed to determine the specific stress state at the sidewall/baseplate connection. This analysis did not include the seismic loads. The original design report for the tank, which was performed at the time of installation, did include the seismic loads. However, the design report did not evaluate the stress state at the side wall/baseplate connection. The results of the finite element analysis showed that the hoop stress
unknown authors
Multipole logging in a formation with stress-relief-induced anisotropy
The stress relief associated with the drilling of a borehole may induce a mechanically damaged zone with radial transverse isotropy (RTI), where the properties in the radial direction differ from those in the axial and tangential directions. The effect of such a zone on multipole acoustic full-waveform logging is investigated using a numerical model based on the frequency-axial-wavenumber method. Calculations of the spectral behavior show that the fundamental mode associated with the multipole source behaves the same way in a TRI zone as it does in a damaged zone with isotropic properties. In a slow virgin formation, calculations of full waveforms show that the presence of a damaged zone with RTI is more difficult to detect than a damaged zone with isotropic elasticity because the refracted P-wave encounters an isotropic zone but not a RTI zone. The results indicate that a damaged zone with RTI, which is a precursor to destructive events such as borehole instability and sand production, can be detected only by analyzing the spectral behavior of the fundamental mode.
Renlie, L. (IKU Petroleum Research, Trondheim (Norway))
Windows with complex shading
thermal properties MoWiTT measured system SHGC to check method The transmission of solar energy through a complicated system such as a window with a venetian blind andor...
Test for Modeling Windows in DOE 2.1E for Comparing the Window Library with the Shading Coefficient Method for a Single-Family Residence in Texas
This study examines the difference of the window simulation test between the Shading Coefficient (SC) and the Window Library (WL) Methods on DOE 2.1E of the 2000 IECC (International Energy Conservation Code) for single-family residences in Texas. The window simulation tests are performed using single-pane, double-pane, and low-e glass on two standard DOE 2.1E single-family house models: 1) the model which has the R-value for wall, roof and floor according to 2000 IECC (Quick Wall), and 2) the model which has the real wood frame wall and has the same R-value as the first one (Thermal Wall). The analysis showed different results according to the types of the glass, simulation method (Shading Coefficient or Window Library), and types of wall (quick wall and thermal wall). The saving of daily peak heating (kBtu/day) from single-pane to low-e glass on thermal mass and quick wall shows the most variation.
Kim, S.; Haberl, J. S.
Published as: Ha T. Nguyen and Joshua M. Pearce, "Incorporating Shading Losses in Solar Photovoltaic Potential Assessment at the Municipal Scale" Solar Energy 86(5), pp. 12451260 (2012). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2012.01.017
Photovoltaic Potential Assessment at the Municipal Scale" Solar Energy 86(5), pp. 12451260 (2012). DOI: http; Photovoltaic; Renewable energy; Solar energy; Solar irradiation modeling ; Shading Abbreviations (Apv, "Incorporating Shading Losses in Solar Photovoltaic Potential Assessment at the Municipal Scale" Solar Energy 86
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Acoustic wave propagation in a fluid-filled borehole surrounded by a formation with stress-relief-induced anisotropy
The stress relief associated with the drilling of a borehole may lead to an anisotropic formation in the vicinity of the borehole, where the properties in the radial direction differ from those in the axial and tangential directions. Thus, axial and radial compressional acoustic velocities are different, and similarly, the velocity of an axial shear-wave depends on whether the polarization is radial or tangential. A model was developed to describe acoustic wave propagation in a borehole surrounded by a formation with stress-relief-induced radial transverse isotropy (RTI). Acoustic full waveforms due to a monopole source are computed using the real-axis integration method, and dispersion relations are found by tracing poles in the k[sub z] plane. An analytic expression for the low-frequency Stoneley wave is developed. The numerical results confirm the expectations that the compressional refraction is mainly given by the axial compressional velocity, while the shear refraction arrival is due to the shear wave with radial polarization. As a result, acoustic logging in an RTI formation, will indicate a higher v[sub p]/v[sub s] ratio than that existing in the virgin formation. It also follows that the shear velocity may be a better indicator of a mechanically damaged zone near the borehole than the compressional velocity. The Stoneley-wave velocity was found to decrease with the increasing degree of RTI.
Renlie, L. (IKU Petroleum Research, Trondheim (Norway)); Raaen, A.M. (Statoil, Postuttak, Trondheim (Norway))
A post-occupancy monitored evaluation of the dimmable lighting, automated shading, and underfloor air distribution system in The New York Times Building
23E 23E A Post-Occupancy Monitored Evaluation of the Dimmable Lighting, Automated Shading, and Underfloor Air Distribution System in The New York Times Building E.S. Lee, L.L. Fernandes, B. Coffey, A. McNeil, R. Clear Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory T. Webster, F. Bauman, D. Dickerhoff, D. Heinzerling, T. Hoyt University of California Berkeley Windows and Envelope Materials Group Building Technology and Urban Systems Department Environmental Energy Technologies Division January 2013 ! 2 Disclaimer This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty,
Monitoring peak power and cooling energy savings of shade trees and white surfaces in the Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) service area: Project design and preliminary results
Urban areas in warm climates create summer heat islands of daily average intensity of 3--5{degrees}C, adding to discomfort and increasing air-conditioning loads. Two important factors contributing to urban heat islands are reductions in albedo (lower overall city reflectance) and loss of vegetation (less evapotranspiration). Reducing summer heat islands by planting vegetation (shade trees) and increasing surface albedos, saves cooling energy, allows down-sizing of air conditioners, lowers air-conditioning peak demand, and reduces the emission of CO{sub 2} and other pollutants from electric power plants. The focus of this multi-year project, jointly sponsored by SMUD and the California Institute for Energy Efficiency (CIEE), was to measure the direct cooling effects of trees and white surfaces (mainly roofs) in a few buildings in Sacramento. The first-year project was to design the experiment and obtain base case data. We also obtained limited post retrofit data for some sites. This report provides an overview of the project activities during the first year at six sites. The measurement period for some of the sites was limited to September and October, which are transitional cooling months in Sacramento and hence the interpretation of results only apply to this period. In one house, recoating the dark roof with a high-albedo coating rendered air conditioning unnecessary for the month of September (possible savings of up to 10 kWh per day and 2 kW of non-coincidental peak power). Savings of 50% relative to an identical base case bungalow were achieved when a school bungalow`s roof and southeast wall were coated with a high-albedo coating during the same period. Our measured data for the vegetation sites do not indicate conclusive results because shade trees were small and the cooling period was almost over. We need to collect more data over a longer cooling season in order to demonstrate savings conclusively.
Akbari, H.; Bretz, S.; Hanford, J.; Rosenfeld, A.; Sailor, D.; Taha, H. [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States); Bos, W. [Sacramento Municipal Utility District, CA (United States)
Risk-based inspection methods enable estimation of the probability of spring-operated relief valves failing on demand at the United States Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS) in Aiken, South Carolina. The paper illustrates an approach based on application of the Frechet and Weibull distributions to SRS and Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) Process Equipment Reliability Database (PERD) proof test results. The methodology enables the estimation of ANSI/ISA-84.00.01 Safety Integrity Levels (SILs) as well as the potential change in SIL level due to modification of the maintenance schedule. Current SRS practices are reviewed and recommendations are made for extending inspection intervals. The paper compares risk-based inspection with specific SILs as maintenance intervals are adjusted. Groups of valves are identified in which maintenance times can be extended as well as different groups in which an increased safety margin may be needed.
Harris, S.
Connected Giving: Ordinary People Coordinating Disaster Relief on the Internet Cristen Torrey, Moira Burke, Matthew Lee, Anind Dey, Susan Fussell, Sara Kiesler
in need of assistance [1]. The magnitude of the disaster overwhelmed institutions normally responsible boards, blogs, and personal websites--to coordinate a massive grassroots response to the disaster. OurConnected Giving: Ordinary People Coordinating Disaster Relief on the Internet Cristen Torrey
Fussell, Susan R.
Defect-deformation mechanism of the size effect in the laser-induced formation of microstructures of the brass surface relief in liquid
It is shown that the model of the defect-deformation instability describes the recently found linear dependence of the period of ordered surface relief microstructures, produced on brass in liquid upon multipulse laser ablation, on the radius of the spot on the target surface. (letters)
Emel'yanov, V I [M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow (Russian Federation)
The Department of Energy's site at Hanford has a significant quantity of drums containing heat-sealed bags that required repackaging under previous revisions of the TRUPACT-II Authorized Methods for Payload Control (TRAMPAC) before being shipped to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). Since glovebox repackaging is the most rate-limiting and resource-intensive step for accelerating Hanford waste certification, a cooperative effort between Hanford's TRU Program and the WIPP site significantly reduced the number of drums requiring repackaging. More specifically, recent changes to the TRAMPAC (Revision 19C), allow relief for heat-sealed bags having more than 390 square inches of surface area. This relief is based on data provided by Hanford on typical Hanford heat-sealed bags, but can be applied to other sites generating transuranic waste that have waste packaged in heat-sealed bags. The paper provides data on the number of drums affected, the attendant cost savings, and the time saved. Hanford also has a significant quantity of high-gram drums with multiple layers of confinement including heat-scaled bags. These higher-gram drums are unlikely to meet the decay-heat limits required for analytical category certification under the TRAMPAC. The combination of high-gram drums and accelerated reprocessing/shipping make it even more difficult to meet the decay-heat limits because of necessary aging requirements associated with matrix depletion. Hydrogen/methane sampling of headspace gases can be used to certify waste that does not meet decay-heat limits of the more restrictive analytical category using the test category. The number of drums that can be qualified using the test category is maximized by assuring that the detection limit for hydrogen and methane is as low as possible. Sites desiring to ship higher-gram drums must understand the advantages of using hydrogen/methane sampling and shipping under the test category. Headspace gas sampling, as specified by the WIPP Waste Analysis Plan, provides the sample necessary for hydrogen/methane analysis. Most Hanford drums are not equipped with a filter through which a headspace gas sample can be obtained. A pneumatic system is now used to insert ''dart'' filters. The filters were developed by the vendor and approved for WIPP certification at the request of the Hanford Site. The same pneumatic system is used to install septum-type sample ports to allow the headspace to be sampled. Together, these steps allow the Hanford Site to avoid repackaging a large percentage of drums, and thus accelerate certification of waste destined for WIPP.
Applicability of digital terrain analyses to wind energy prospecting and siting
The recent publication of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) database by the US Geological Survey (USGS) has provided a unique opportunity for the development of cost-effective wind energy prospecting technology. This database contains terrain elevation values on a Latitude-Longitude grid with a resolution of 3 arc-seconds (about 90 m) for the contiguous United States, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. This database has been coupled with software that will produce shaded-relief maps on a laser printer in a format compatible with the state wind power maps in the US wind energy atlas. By providing a much higher resolution of the terrain features than was possible when the US atlas was prepared, these maps can be useful in general wind prospecting activities. As highly resolved as the 90-m DEM data seem to be when compared to the atlas grid, they still appear to be too coarse to resolve terrain features in the detail required for local wind flow characterization and wind plant layout. Gridded terrain data at about 10-m resolution are available from the USGS for some areas of the United States. In areas where these data are unavailable, they may be generated by digitizing and gridding the contours from a 1:24,000-scale USGS map over the area of interest. Comparisons of terrain profiles from cross sections of the 10-m and 90-m data provide an indication of the effect of resolution on the reliability of terrain feature representation. Oblique views of the terrain in shaded-relief format provide a dramatic enhancement of the shape and relative position of features of interest.
Wendell, L.L.; Gower, G.L.; Birn, M.B. [Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States); Castellano, C.C. [USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
Relief Request CR-36, Alternative Requirements to Appendix VIII, Supplement 4, "Qualification Requirements for the Clad/Base Metal Interface of Reactor Vessel"
amended 10 CFR 50.55a to require licensees to implement performance demonstration methods for ultrasonic examination systems. Licensees are required to implement either Appendix VIII, "Performance Demonstration for Ultrasonic Examination Systems", to Section XI, 1995 Edition with the 1996 Addenda, or Appendix VIII as executed by Performance Demonstration Initiative (PDI). Section 50.55a(g)(6)(ii)(C) of the final rule incorporates a phased implementation of Appendix VIII over a three-year period. Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station is submitting this Relief Request in accordance with 10 CFR 50.55a(a)(3)(i) on the basis that the proposed alternative would provide an acceptable level of quality and safety. The proposed relief request is provided as an attachment to this letter and is needed prior to the start of our next Unit 2 refueling outage which is currently scheduled to start February 2, 2002. Should you have any questions concerning his letter, please contact
T. Othy J. Tulon
Die Jagd nach dem Unsichtbaren
EPA's Final Certification Decision for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant What is WIPP? The WIPP activities. DOE is developing the WIPP in southeastern New Mexico, near Carlsbad, approximately 2,100 feet underground in excavated, natural salt formations. Some transuranic waste to be disposed at the WIPP
Falge, Eva
The Savannah River Site (SRS) spring operated pressure relief valve (SORV) maintenance intervals were evaluated using an approach provided by the American Petroleum Institute (API RP 581) for risk-based inspection technology (RBI). In addition, the impact of extending the inspection schedule was evaluated using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). The API RP 581 approach is characterized as a Weibull analysis with modified Bayesian updating provided by SRS SORV proof testing experience. Initial Weibull parameter estimates were updated as per SRS's historical proof test records contained in the Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) Process Equipment Reliability Database (PERD). The API RP 581 methodology was used to estimate the SORV's probability of failing on demand (PFD), and the annual expected risk. The API RP 581 methodology indicates that the current SRS maintenance plan is conservative. Cost savings may be attained in certain mild service applications that present low PFD and overall risk. Current practices are reviewed and recommendations are made for extending inspection intervals. The paper gives an illustration of the inspection costs versus the associated risks by using API RP 581 Risk Based Inspection (RBI) Technology. A cost effective maintenance frequency balancing both financial risk and inspection cost is demonstrated.
Harris, S.; Gross, R.; Mitchell, E.
Faszination Chemie: Keine unter allen Wissenschaften bietet dem Menschen eine grssere Flle von Gegenstnden des Denkens, der berlegung und von frischer, sich stets erneuender Erkenntnis dar als die Chemie. F O T O : S C H U E R P F , Z R I C H
Faszination Chemie: «Keine unter allen Wissenschaften bietet dem Menschen eine grössere Fülle von Gegenständen des Denkens, der �?berlegung und von frischer, sich stets erneuender Erkenntnis dar als die Chemie Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemi- ker beschrieben wurde, erregt nicht alle Forscher gleich. Oft stösst sie auf
Giger, Christine
Rapid Relief: A Prefabricated Response
As illustrated by the aftermath of disasters such as Hurricanes Katrina, Ike and Sandy, the disaster response phases do not entail an effective or standard procedure for rebuilding damaged and destroyed residences. I propose the implementation of prefabricated construction techniques with the utilization of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology into the rebuild phase that would proceed throughout the entire duration of disaster recovery, starting with the immediate respondents. My research provides a variation of sample projects ranging from previous buildings erected in response to a hurricane to prefabricated projects that are able to be assembled rather than constructed. With these projects, I am able to analyze their construction methods in order to determine an adequate proposal for disaster reconstruction. My belief is that a standardized procedure would allow for an expedited response time, a structured addressing of the needs of the affected residents, and a sufficient start to the reconstruction of the victim�s futures.
Gohmert, Brent Cole
Native Shade Trees to Replace Elms
by rows of stately graceful elms with arching limbs forming canopies like a cathedral roof, are denuded now or lined with their gaunt skeletons. Champaign originated as a...
Audience Architects, builders, homeowners, passive solar designers, energy analysts, solar energy system installers. Input Location, surface tilt, panel spacing, tilt, and...
Daylighting performance of offices with controlled shades
Energy conservation in buildings is critical in order to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper presents a dynamic daylighting simulation model to evaluate the combined impact of fa�ade design parameters on the overall ... Keywords: buildings, control, daylighting, energy conservation, simulation
Hui Shen; Athanasios Tzempelikos
Failure Analysis of Pressure Relief Valve Spring
... after approximately 10 years of service in a desalted crude oil environment. ... Degradation Evaluation of Heavy Water Drums and Tanks ... Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Evolutions of Ultrafine-Grained Al during Recovery via�...
Counting on Solar Power for Disaster Relief
hen disaster strikes, electric power is usually the first critically important service to be lost. And the effects can be devastating. Lights go out. Furnaces, refrigerators, and other electric appliances don't work. Neither do the electric pumps that deliver our drinking water and help treat sewage. Without elec- tricity for homes, hospitals, food stores, and vital municipal services, many of our most important needs go unmet. What's more, emergency response teams need a reliable source of electric power to even begin to deal with the crisis. Without electricity, gasoline can't be pumped at local service stations to transport emergency sup- plies, and banks can't provide emergency funds. Without electric power, conventional communication systems won't work.
hen disaster strikes, electric power hen disaster strikes, electric power is usually the first critically important service to be lost. And the effects can be devastating. Lights go out. Furnaces, refrigerators, and other electric appliances don't work. Neither do the electric pumps that deliver our drinking water and help treat sewage. Without elec- tricity for homes, hospitals, food stores, and vital municipal services, many of our most important needs go unmet. What's more, emergency response teams need a reliable source of electric power to even begin to deal with the crisis. Without electricity, gasoline can't be pumped at local service stations to transport emergency sup- plies, and banks can't provide emergency funds. Without electric power, conventional communication systems won't work.
Resistance and relief, Greece in World War II and the Greek War Relief Association, an exhibit.
??This project was installed at the Tsakopoulos Gallery of the California State University, Sacramento Library. In preparation for this exhibit, the author worked in several� (more)
Kreatsoulas, Despina M.
the solar intensity reduction due to the incident sun anglesolar intensity is actually much lower when the sun is verythe sun and the surface; the direct normal solar intensity;
Nawrocki, Dave
Determining the Solar Optical Properties of Windows with Shading...
energy consumption because there are more design parameters that can be used to control solar gain. Thus, the ability to accurate characterize performance of a wide range of window...
New Study: Home Energy Savings Are Made in the Shade
... This last finding was particularly significant to Butry, who said that trees not only reduce the carbon produced by the local gas or coal-fired power ...
Real-time realistic illumination and shading of stratiform clouds
Realistic rendering of clouds involves solving the complex interaction of light within the cloud and with its environment. Interactive methods achieve efficient cloud rendering by ignoring several lighting effects. However, these effects are visually ...
Antoine Bouthors; Fabrice Neyret; Sylvain Lefebvre
been supported by the Solar Heating and Cooling Research andlevels of solar penetration during the heating and coolingtimes at which heating is required and solar gain should be
solar contributions from the sky and ground, so that the program is only indirectly useful in determining building heating
Dynamical Influences of Anvil Shading on Simulated Supercell Thunderstorms
Numerical simulations of supercell thunderstorms including parameterized radiative transfer and surface fluxes are performed using the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) model to investigate how low-level air temperature deficits within ...
Jeffrey Frame; Paul Markowski
total amount of direct solar power incident upon the open-and total incident direct solar power (the three righthand70.6 MBtu/day of incident solar power during 21 January and
Surface energy balance and buoyancy response to shallow cumulus shading
The interactions surrounding the coupling between surface energy balance and a boundary layer with shallow cumuli are investigated using the National Center for Atmospheric Research�s large eddy simulation code coupled to the NOAH land surface ...
Fabienne Lohou; Edward G. Patton
Vertex Shading with Direct3D and OpenGL
r8, r8, r11.y ;L vector ... 77 .OpenGL extension .Similar style to ATI_fragment_shader .Not just a point solution that hacks support for one chip into the API .Input from multiple vendors .Will probably ship as an EXT or ARB .Ability to Query Limits .No fixed number of supported instructions, constants, etc. usage usage color = glGenDataATI( VECTOR_ATI, INVARIANT_ATI, FULL_RANGE_ATI, 1); mytransformshader = glGenTransformsATI( 1); //create a constant color shader glBindTransformATI( mytransformshader); glBeginTransformATI(); mylocal = glGenDataATI( VECTOR_ATI, LOCAL_ATI, FULL_RANGE_ATI, 1); //transform the vertex glTransformOp2ATI(OP_MULTIPLY_MATRIX_ATI, mylocal, GL_MODELVIEW, GL_VERTEX); glTransformOp2ATI(OP_MULTIPLY_MATRIX_ATI, mylocal, GL_PROJECTION, mylocal); //export the components glTransformOp2ATI( OP_EXPORT, OUTPUT_TEX_COORD0_ATI, GL_TEX_COORD0_ATI); glTransformOp2ATI( OP_EXPORT, OUTPUT_COLOR0_ATI, color); glTransformOp2ATI( OP_EXPORT, OUTPUT_VERTEX_ATI, mylocal); glE
Evan Hart; David Gosselin; John Isidoro; Directx Vertex Shaders; Ati_vertex_transform Opengl Extension; Dx D Pipeline; Higher Order Surface Tesselation
complex fenestration systems, Solar Energy, submitted foron prismatic glazing, Solar Energy 74 (2003) 157�173. [13]of glazings and windows, Solar Energy 69 (Suppl. 1�6) (2000)
quick dynamic light and solar radiation simulation over ain summer when direct solar radiation is most intense and
during summer and solar heating gains during the winter. Theconsider heating by increasing solar gains, cooling byand cooling loads. Heating loads excluded solar gains and
for complex facades within the ESP-r building simulationtested office were calculated in ESP-r, which allows use bi-on the location. The ESP-r model for using bi-directional
Macroscopic Macroscopic Mechanical Description of Granular Media Using Frictional Contact Mechanics Appendix to the Semi-Annual Report on Geomechanical Performance of Hydrate-bearing Sediments in Offshore Environments DOE Award Number: DE-FC26-05NT42664 CFDA Number: 81.089 Fossil Energy Research and Development Ran Holtzman, Dmitriy Silin, and Tad Patzek August 20, 2006 1 Problem Setting Loss of stress support caused by hydrate dissociation may result in a significant reduction of rock strength. The strength of a hydrate-bearing sedimentary formation is a function of the strengths of inter-granular bonds and the interactions between the rock grains and the hydrates in the pore space. Myriads of such bonds and interactions define the macroscopic rock strength parameters. We expect that the history or hydrate formation has a great im- pact on the character of hydrate distribution
Energieleitbild Neben dem direkten Energieeinsatz fr den Betrieb der eige-
erneuerbare Energie an der ETH» eingeladen, an der Erneuerung des Energieleitbilds mit- zuarbeiten. Diese-Präsident Ralph Eichler die Mitglieder der Studierenden- gruppe «Arbeitsgruppe für erneuerbare Energie an der ETH- parent gefällt und kommuniziert werden.» Claudio Beretta, Gruppe «Arbeitsgruppe für erneuerbare Energie
Granular physics in low-gravity environments using DEM
Granular materials of different sizes are present on the surface of several atmosphere-less Solar System bodies. The phenomena related to granular materials have been studied in the framework of the discipline called Granular Physics; that has been studied experimentally in the laboratory and, in the last decades, by performing numerical simulations. The Discrete Element Method simulates the mechanical behavior of a media formed by a set of particles which interact through their contact points. The difficulty in reproducing vacuum and low-gravity environments makes numerical simulations the most promising technique in the study of granular media under these conditions. In this work, relevant processes in minor bodies of the Solar System are studied using the Discrete Element Method. Results of simulations of size segregation in low-gravity environments in the cases of the asteroids Eros and Itokawa are presented. The segregation of particles with different densities was analysed, in particular, the case of comet P/Hartley 2. The surface shaking in these different gravity environments could produce the ejection of particles from the surface at very low relative velocities. The shaking causing the above processes is due to: impacts, explosions like the release of energy by the liberation of internal stresses or the re accommodation of material. Simulations of the passage of impact-induced seismic waves through a granular medium were also performed. We present several applications of the Discrete Element Methods for the study of the physical evolution of agglomerates of rocks under low-gravity environments.
G. Tancredi; A. Maciel; L. Heredia; P. Richeri; S. Nesmachnow
Macroscopic Mechanical Description of Granular Media Using Frictional Contact Mechanics Appendix to the Semi-Annual Report on Geomechanical Performance of Hydrate-bearing Sediments...
Error Detection and DEM Fusion Using Self-Consistency
The ability to efficiently and robustly recover accurate 3D terrain models from sets of stereoscopic images is important to many civilian and military applications. Our long-term goal is to develop an automatic, multi-image 3D reconstruction algorithm ...
Howard Schultz; Edward M. Riseman; Frank R. Stolle; Dong-Min Woo
Transitional relief housing for tsunami victims of Tamil Nadu, India
In the wake of the recent tsunami that swept across Asia, there is a dire need to salvage and rebuild the lives and livelihoods that were swept away. The aim of this thesis project is to design and model a transitional ...
Jin, Shauna
Patent Infringement and Relief for the Patent Owner
In a patent infringement suit, an injunction is a court order prohibiting the ... infringer does not have to have actual knowledge of the patent in the case of marking;�...
Modular argumentation for modelling legal doctrines of performance relief
Legal doctrines provide principles, guidelines and rules for dispute resolution in reasoning with cases. To apply legal doctrines, the context of a contract consisting of different knowledge bases about beliefs and expertise of contract parties as well ... Keywords: argumentation, frustration, impossibility, legal doctrines
Phan Minh Dung; Phan Minh Thang; Nguyen Duy Hung
No immediate relief for large mining tire shortage
Inventories are low and they will not get better anytime soon, but mine operators do have a few options. The three main manufacturers supplying tires to the US mining industry, Bridgestone Firestone Off Road Tire Company, Goodyear and Michelin are struggling to keep up with demand, but are unlikely to restore inventories to manageable levels by 2009. Meanwhile Yokohama and Global Tyres have stepped in to help. The article reports plans for expansions to plant in Japan. In the meantime, mine operators need to plan accordingly and pay increased attention to tire maintenance. The larger the tyre, the less available it is. 3 photos.
Fiscor, S.
Science Against Stress: Research Shows Way to Some Cellular Relief...
Economy Funding Opportunities State & Local Government Science & Innovation Science & Technology Science Education Innovation Energy Sources Energy Usage Energy Efficiency...
Understanding How Glasses 'Relax' Provides Some Relief for ...
... Battery acid, plastic containers and windowpanes are among the many glassy ... of plastics and containers that could lengthen the shelf life of food ...
Impact of Fixed Exterior Shading on Daylighting: A Case Study of the David Brower Center
the calculation of solar time and sun angle (denotes degreesdirect sun, which can lead to increased solar gain anda polar sun-path diagram in which the solar azimuth is
Zelenay, Krystyna
Enhancing Efficiency and Robustness of a Photovoltaic Power System under Partial Shading
construct a HEES system with high-power- capacity EES arrays (supercapacitor arrays) together with by the supercapacitor arrays. A PV module exhibits highly non-linear current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and mandates
A Numerical Simulation Study of the Effects of Anvil Shading on Quasi-Linear Convective Systems
Numerical simulations are used to investigate how the attenuation of solar radiation by the intervening cumulonimbus cloud, particularly its large anvil, affects the structure, intensity, and evolution of quasi-linear convective systems and the ...
Andrew J. Oberthaler; Paul M. Markowski
Shades of common information model in SOA-based integration environments
-oriented architecture) based architectural styles gets complex when combined with Common information model (CIM). This is because in reality the designer needs to extend the CIM for various reasons spanning the spectrum business logics by the Service component. When the impact of such extensions on the core CIM is understood
Evaluating the performance robustness of fixed and movable shading devices against diverse occupant behaviors
Given the diverse operating conditions, weather conditions, space users, and occupant preferences of buildings, it is commonplace to provide occupants with multiple means to adapt their immediate indoor environment. However, numerous studies have shown ... Keywords: building performance simulation, occupant behaviour, occupant comfort, robust building design, stochastic occupant modelling
William O'Brien
Solar Heat Gain Through Fenestration Systems Containing Shading: Procedures for Estimating Performace from Minimal Data
Layer Calculation. � ASHRAE Trans. 100 (pt. 1): 1065-1072.Layer Calculation. � ASHRAE Trans. 100 (pt.1): 1073-1086.
Cloud shading direct solar radiation model for the Crosbyton Solar Power Project
The CSPP was initiated to study the feasibility of using hemispheric bowl solar collectors for power generation. A non-spectral direct solar radiation (DSR) model was developed to aid in determining whether there exists a preferred spacing of these solar collectors based solely on meteorological considerations. The DSR model is applicable to the Northern Hemisphere and, with a few adjustments, to the Southern Hemisphere. The DSR model considers the reduction of direct insolation through the atmosphere due to Rayleigh scattering, uniformly mixed gases, ozone, precipitable water, and aerosols. It incorporates geographical information along with temperature, dew point, barometric pressure, and visibility data, updated every 15 minutes. This clear sky DSR model was verified against actual direct insolation data.
Peterson, R.E.; Smalley, D.J.
Dot-Density Shading: A Technique for Mapping Continuous Climatic Data
Traditionally, spatial distributions of continuous climatological variables have been displayed using isolines. The placement of isolines involves an assumption about the gradient of the variable being mapped. Because of the numerical value ...
Stephen Lavin; Jay Hobgood; Paul Kramer
Rooms with Daylighting Systems. (Doctoral dissertation).performance of the daylighting control system. Energy andthe daylighting and the radiant ceiling cooling system and
A hardware-aware debugger for the OpenGL shading language
The enormous flexibility of the modern GPU rendering pipeline as well as the availability of high-level shader languages have led to an increased demand for sophisticated programming tools. As the application domain for GPU-based algorithms extends beyond ...
Magnus Strengert; Thomas Klein; Thomas Ertl
Shading and Cooling: Impacts of Solar Control and Windows on Indoor Airflow
movement�for�thermal� comfort:�evaporative�cooling�is�less�wind?driven�cooling�acceptable� for�thermal�comfort? �What�is�wind?driven�cooling�acceptable�for�thermal�comfort? �
Hildebrand, Penapa Wankaeo
to a low-energy cooling alternative and agreed to acceptlow-energy alternatives to compressor-based cooling such asradiant cooling system � a more efficient alternative to
Forecasting Sun versus Shade in Complex Terrain for the 2010 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games
During the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Canada, there were 10 mostly sunny days at the outdoor Olympic venues. The warmth and sunshine, possibly a result of El Ni�o conditions at the time, significantly reduced snow cover at one ...
Rosie Howard; Roland Stull
IntroductIon The structure and composition of avian communities dem-
covering a dense aloe stand (approximately 85 aloes/ha) on a north-facing slope in the Nama-Karoo biome of the area is comprised mainly of shales and some sandstones within the Cape and Karoo Supergroups (Mucina of ephemeral nectar resources in the Nama-Karoo biome when compared with other habitat types such as those
de Villiers, Marienne
Universitt Stuttgart / Ausschreibung Deutschlandstipendium 2013 Notenliste fr Studierende ab dem 3. Semester
Stadtplanung Bachelor of Science 1,6 1 Architektur und Stadtplanung Diplom (Note Vor-) 1,4 1 Architektur und Stadtplanung Master of Science k.A. 2 Integrated Urbanism and Sustainable Design Master of Science k.A. 2 Bauingenieurwesen Bachelor of Science 2,8 2 Bauingenieurwesen Master of Science 1,7 2 Bauingenieurwesen Diplom (Note
Reyle, Uwe
is an allotetraploid hybrid of A. aleuticum (Ruprecht) Paris (Aleutian Maidenhair Fern) and A. pedatum Linnaeus
Auf dem Wege zu einem Disilin RSi?SiR Supersilylierte Silane, Silanide, Silylene, Disilene.
??Synthese, Struktur und Enthalogenierung von Monosupersilylsilanen; Disilene, Cyclosilane, tetrahedro -Silane Die als Vorstufen sperrig substituierter Disilane R*X2Si�SiX2R*, Disilene R*XSi=SiXR* und Disiline R*Si?SiR* wichtigen Monosupersilylsilane R*SiX3� (more)
Niedermayer, Wolfgang
The effects of digital elevation model resolution on the calculation and predictions of topographic wetness indices.
One of the largest exports in the Southeast U.S. is forest products. Interest in biofuels using forest biomass has increased recently, leading to more research into better forest management BMPs. The USDA Forest Service, along with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Georgia and Oregon State University are researching the impacts of intensive forest management for biofuels on water quality and quantity at the Savannah River Site in South Carolina. Surface runoff of saturated areas, transporting excess nutrients and contaminants, is a potential water quality issue under investigation. Detailed maps of variable source areas and soil characteristics would therefore be helpful prior to treatment. The availability of remotely sensed and computed digital elevation models (DEMs) and spatial analysis tools make it easy to calculate terrain attributes. These terrain attributes can be used in models to predict saturated areas or other attributes in the landscape. With laser altimetry, an area can be flown to produce very high resolution data, and the resulting data can be resampled into any resolution of DEM desired. Additionally, there exist many maps that are in various resolutions of DEM, such as those acquired from the U.S. Geological Survey. Problems arise when using maps derived from different resolution DEMs. For example, saturated areas can be under or overestimated depending on the resolution used. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of DEM resolution on the calculation of topographic wetness indices used to predict variable source areas of saturation, and to find the best resolutions to produce prediction maps of soil attributes like nitrogen, carbon, bulk density and soil texture for low-relief, humid-temperate forested hillslopes. Topographic wetness indices were calculated based on the derived terrain attributes, slope and specific catchment area, from five different DEM resolutions. The DEMs were resampled from LiDAR, which is a laser altimetry remote sensing method, obtained from the USDA Forest Service at Savannah River Site. The specific DEM resolutions were chosen because they are common grid cell sizes (10m, 30m, and 50m) used in mapping for management applications and in research. The finer resolutions (2m and 5m) were chosen for the purpose of determining how finer resolutions performed compared with coarser resolutions at predicting wetness and related soil attributes. The wetness indices were compared across DEMs and with each other in terms of quantile and distribution differences, then in terms of how well they each correlated with measured soil attributes. Spatial and non-spatial analyses were performed, and predictions using regression and geostatistics were examined for efficacy relative to each DEM resolution. Trends in the raw data and analysis results were also revealed.
Drover, Damion, Ryan
Humanity Must Be Defended: War, Politics and Humanitarian Relief in Iraq, 1990-2004
the world�s largest disaster response agencies in 1994. Itcompeting with other disaster response agencies for mediathe 60-member Disaster Assessment and Response Team (DART),
McIntyre, Adrian
Uncertainty and the timing of an urban congestion relief investment - The no-land case
postpones the flow of project costs, but it also increasesuncertainties are in project costs and user demand. We focusas the flow of project costs stays small compared to the
Saphores, Jean-Daniel M; Boarnet, Marlon G.
Uncertainty and the timing of an urban congestion relief investment. The no-land case
Saphores, JDM; Boarnet, M G
An intelligent relief approach for emergency services by using biological endocrine system
This article presents a new emergency service for e-government. An integrated system for developing the egovernment services is presented. The main goal of this paper is to achieve the requirements of citizens for normal, peaceful and safe society. There ... Keywords: biological endocrine system, e-government, e-service, emergency, end user satisfaction, peace, safety
A. M. Riad; Hazem M. El-Bakry; Gamal H. El-Adl
Inspection Requirements for Reactor Pressure Vessel Heads at Pressurized Water Reactors- Request for Relief"
2) NRC letter to TVA dated January 27, 2006, 'Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Unit 1- Request for Relaxation from the First Revised NRC Order EA-03-009, Dated February 20, 2004, Deferral of Non-visual Nondestructive Examinations (TAC No. MC8543)" 3) TVA letter to NRC dated March 3, 2008, 'Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (WBN)
Mike Skaggs; U. S. Nuclear; Regulatory Commission; Tennessee Valley Authority
before dawn, multiple armored 82 Glaspie�s comment on Marchstood guard next to an armored SUV with blackened windows. Iof jeeps. Convoys of armored personnel carriers gesture
Are we exposing our staff to depleted uranium? Were chemicalabout contamination from the depleted uranium the coalition
Demand relief and weather sensitivity in large California commercial office buildings
A great deal of research has examined the weather sensitivity of energy consumption in commercial buildings; however, the recent power crisis in California has given greater importance to peak demand. Several new load-shedding programs have been implemented or are under consideration. Historically, the target customers have been large industrial users who can reduce the equivalent load of several large office buildings. While the individual load reduction from an individual office building may be less significant, there is ample opportunity for load reduction in this area. The load reduction programs and incentives for industrial customers may not be suitable for commercial building owners. In particular, industrial customers are likely to have little variation in load from day to day. Thus a robust baseline accounting for weather variability is required to provide building owners with realistic targets that will encourage them to participate in load shedding programs.
Kinney, Satkartar; Piette, Mary Ann; Gu, Lixing; Haves, Philip
Development of roller-type itch-relief device employing alternating hot and cold stimuli
Painful thermal stimulation is known to inhibit itch, which is a significant problem in many diseases. We focused on thermal grill illusion and synthetic heat, which are well-known phenomena that can generate pain or burning sensation without physical ... Keywords: heat stimulation, itch, thermal, vibration
Ryo Watanabe; Taku Hachisu; Michi Sato; Shogo Fukushima; Hiroyuki Kajimoto; Naoki Saito; Yuichiro Mori
Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Wireless Technologies for Humanitarian Relief
On behalf of our Chancellor and world renowned humanitarian leader, Dr. Sri Mata Amritanandamayi Devi, affectionately called Amma all over the world, I would like to personally thank each one of you who attended the first ever International Conference ...
Rajagopala Chidambaram; P. Venkat Rangan; Satish K. Tripathi; Prasant Mohapatra; Maneesha V. Ramesh; Maarten van Steen
superposition of a (111) fcc projection (solid circles) anda (110) bee projection (open circles), The three coincidentis illustrated in sional projections of the N-W orientation
Dahmen, U.
Strain relief through stair-rod dislocations in ultrathin epitaxial metal films: Defect geometry and energetics
Epitaxial Ni films deposited on Ir(100) were investigated by tunneling microscopy (STM), quantitative low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), and density-functional theory (DFT). For film thicknesses beyond 3 monolayers the large tensile strain ({approx_equal}9%) is relieved by the formation of stair-rod-like dislocations. Their favorable energetics is revealed by DFT calculations which also determine the defects' structural parameters. On the unstructured Ir(100)-(1x1) surface they develop in an irregular way, i.e., without long-range order. In STM they are visible as shallow depressions or by decoration with further adsorbed adatoms. In contrast to this case of missing long-range order, the dislocations are ordered in films on the Ir(100)-(5x1)-H surface, whereby (5x1)-periodic Ir wires at the interface act as pinning centers. So, their detailed atomic structure is accessible experimentally by quantitative LEED with crystallographic precision. Features similar to Ni are also observed for Co films.
Klein, A.; Meyer, W.; Schmidt, A.; Gumler, B.; Mueller, S.; Hammer, L.; Heinz, K. [Lehrstuhl fuer Festkoerperphysik, Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, Staudtstr. 7, D-91058 Erlangen (Germany)
Residual stress relief due to fatigue in tetragonal lead zirconate titanate ceramics
High energy synchrotron XRD was employed to determine the lattice strain {epsilon}{l_brace}111{r_brace}and diffraction peak intensity ratio R{l_brace}200{r_brace}in tetragonal PZT ceramics, both in the virgin poled state and after a bipolar fatigue experiment. It was shown that the occurrence of microstructural damage during fatigue was accompanied by a reduction in the gradient of the {epsilon}{l_brace}111{r_brace}-cos{sup 2} {psi} plot, indicating a reduction in the level of residual stress due to poling. In contrast, the fraction of oriented 90 Degree-Sign ferroelectric domains, quantified in terms of R{l_brace}200{r_brace}, was not affected significantly by fatigue. The change in residual stress due to fatigue is interpreted in terms of a change in the average elastic stiffness of the polycrystalline matrix due to the presence of inter-granular microcracks.
Hall, D. A.; Mori, T. [School of Materials, University of Manchester, Grosvenor St., Manchester M1 7HS (United Kingdom); Comyn, T. P. [Institute for Materials Research, Woodhouse Lane, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT (United Kingdom); Ringgaard, E. [Meggitt Sensing Systems, Hejreskovvej 18A, 3490 Kvistgaard (Denmark); Wright, J. P. [ESRF, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP-220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex (France)
The question of faith : U.S.-based religious NGOs in international relief and development
(cont.) humanitarian role? (4) How do these organizations deal with the ICRC's humanitarian principles of neutrality, impartiality and independence? To answer these questions, I analyze organizational documents, examine ...
Emmert, Mark David, 1971-
sixteen different climate zones, which makes it difficult tomight be different for different climate zones increases thea problem in milder climate zones with shorter hot spells.
Counting on Solar Power for Disaster Relief: Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) Technical Assistance Fact Sheet
When disaster strikes, electric power is usually the first critically important service to be lost. After several years of research and development, portable electric generator sets (gensets) are now entering the marketplace. The new gensets make use of solar electric panels known as photovoltaics (PV) to produce electricity. These gensets are reliable, safe to operate, highly mobile and will supply much-needed power for emergency response teams.
Cyber Criminals on the Internet Super Highways: A Technical Investigation of Different Shades and Colours within the Nigerian Cyber Space
The internet has impacted the lives of individuals, organisations, and governments all over the world. However, it is now viewed and adopted with caution due mainly to the criminal tendencies of some misguided elements within the society. The internet ... Keywords: Cyber Crimes, E-Mails, Internet, Nigeria, Stakeholders
Edwin Agwu
Assimilation of Satellite Imager Data and Surface Observations to Improve Analysis of Circulations Forced by Cloud Shading Contrasts
An assimilation system that performs continuous assimilation of satellite imager data and intermittent assimilation of hourly surface observations is described. The system was applied to a case study of the southeast United States that was ...
Frank H. Ruggiero; George D. Modica; Alan E. Lipton
Layer Calculation. � ASHRAE Trans. 100(pt. 1): 1065-1072.Layer Calculation. � ASHRAE Trans. 100(pt.1): 1073-1086.
Shades of gray : race, class and coalition building in the fight to save New Orleans' public housing
To what extent does the opposition to planned demolition of New Orleans' public housing engage leadership and participation across race and class lines? In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, the Housing Authority of New Orleans ...
Wilch, Rachel Meredith
Relative Bedeutung chemischer und physikalischer R�ckkopplungen in Klimasensitivit�tsstudien mit dem Klima-Chemie-Modellsystem EMAC/MLO.
??Gekoppelte Klima-Chemie-Modelle erweitern die in einem System wirkenden R�ckkopplungen, indem neben den physikalischen auch chemische R�ckkopplungen ber�cksichtigt werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat zum Ziel chemische� (more)
Dietm�ller, Simone
Auf Semesterstart bevlkern sich die neuen Bauten auf dem Campus Hnggerberg. (Foto-Collage Esther Ramseier) Fortsetzung auf Seite 3
, Energiewirtschaft und Architektur profitieren vom interkulturellen Austausch. �?brigens: Daran teilhaben kann man
Procurement specifications : Daylighting The New York Times Building
Overview The architectural approach The owner's approach Daylighting field study Daylighting control systems Automated roller shades Procurement specifications Shades and...
Democracy and the political ascendancy of broadcast television in Latin America : 1950 through 1970
in Latin America. / Venezuela (P�rez Jim�nez dictatorship) -Dem Pacheco A. � Dem Venezuela � Betancourt � Dem Leoni O. �latinoamericano. Caracas, Venezuela: Universidad Central de
Sim�n, Harry L.
Designing and prepositioning humanitarian assistance pack-up kits (HA PUKs) to support Pacific fleet emergency relief operations .
??The 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review has emphasized the role of humanitarian assistance missions in winning the Global War on Terror. U.S. Pacific Fleet operates in� (more)
McCall, Valerie M.
Onset of Snowmelt and Streamflow in 2004 in the Western United States: How Shading May Affect Spring Streamflow Timing in a Warmer World
Historic streamflow records show that the onset of snowfed streamflow in the western United States has shifted earlier over the past 50 yr, and March 2004 was one of the earliest onsets on record. Record high temperatures occurred throughout the ...
Jessica D. Lundquist; Alan L. Flint
LBNL Windows & Daylighting Software -- WINDOW Documentation
Peforated Screen Shading Systems It is now possible to define exterior Perforated Screen shading systems in the Shading System Library and then add them to a glazing system in the...
Getting DEM from ASTER (~30m resolution) + importing it into ArcMap + georeferencing an image on top (e.g. satellite image, geological map)
in the "Search Term" bar: type "ASTER GDEM" and the "ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V002" will appear in the "Select Datasets" window at the bottom. Then, select the zone of interest in the "Spatial Search" window click once on the bar next to "Bounding Box" and a window will appear in which you can enter
Der venezolanische Energiemarkt zwischen Liberalisierung und Verstaatlichung : eine Untersuchung vor dem Hintergrund der Energierechtsreformen in S�damerika und Europa, insbesondere in Deutschland.
??Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert Strukturen, Entwicklungen und den aktuellen Stand der Energiewirtschaft, aus der Sicht der �l-, Gas- und Stromindustrie in Venezuela sowie den Wandel� (more)
Jim�nez Guanipa, Henry Jos�
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Tools by Country -...
Applications Free Recently Updated Shading II Geometrical ShadingInsolated Coefficient, Sun view, shadow calculation Software has been updated. SunTools Sun Path, Sun Views, Solar...
Visualizing daylight : Daylighting The New York Times Building
daylight Overview The architectural approach The owner's approach Daylighting field study Daylighting control systems Automated roller shades Procurement specifications Shades and...
Complex Glazing Database
Sunbrella awning, Heather Beige 4672 (WS) 10005 Woven Shade Sunbrella awning, Brass 4658 (SA-48) 2011-SA48.XML Sunbrella awning, Brass 4658 (WS) 10006 Woven Shade...
Diffraction shaders
Keywords: Fourier transform, Kirchoff theory, diffraction, random processes, rough surface scattering, shading models
Jos Stam
Rochester Institute of Technology Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science
(shaded curve) (14), pedogenic goethite (filled circle) (11), trona and nahcolite (filled diamonds) (12
Zanibbi, Richard
Interactive Direct Volume Rendering of Time-Varying Data
>, and shading is done using a simple 70% lambertian + 30% ambient shader, without specular highlights
Cellular / Honeycomb Shades Cellular / Honeycomb Shades Updated 09/30/2013 It is now possible to model cellular / honeycomb shading systems in the Shading System Library and then add them to a glazing system in the Glazing System Library. NOTE: Before attempting to calculate a glazing system with a cellular shade, you must make the following change to the THERM7.ini file, which is located in C:\Users\Public\LBNL\Settings. Close WINDOW7 before making this change. DocPath=C:\Users\Public\LBNL\WINDOW7\debug Shading Layer Library A cellular / honeycomb shade can now be defined in the Shading Layer Library. Defining this type of shading system requires an XML file which contains information about the cell geometry and the material thermal and optical properties. WINDOW can model two different types of cellular shades:
LBNL Window & Daylighting Software -- WINDOW 6 Research Version
(6.3.9) (6.3.9) October 2010 Last Updated: 11/07/2010 Complex Glazing Features for WINDOW6 The Research Version of WINDOW 6 has the following modeling capabilities: Shading Layer Library: A Shading Layer Library has been added to define shading systems, such as venetian blinds and diffusing layers, which can then be added as layers in the Glazing System Library. Shade Material Library: A Shading Material Library has been added to define materials to be used in the Shading Layer Library. Properties defined in this library include shade material reflectance and absorptance (in the solar, visible and IR wavelengths ranges), as well as the conductivity of the material. Glazing System Library In the Layers section of the Glazing System definition, it is now possible to specify either a glass layer or a shading layer. The shading system is chosen from the Shading Layer Library.
Climate Action Plan (Rhode Island) | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
http:www.dem.ri.govclimateindex.htm Summary In the fall of 2001, the Department of Environmental Management (DEM), the RI State Energy Office (SEO), and the Governor's...
Die emanzipierte Emanzipationsgegnerin: Caroline Pichlers theoretische Schriften
Daraus folgt, dass ein Volk: eben so wenig dem GebraucheT 12 f. ) 12 Von dem Volk werden solche St�cke durchaus
Laukov�, Lucia
Designing Empire: Austria and the Applied Arts, 1864-1918
noch erhalten gebliebener Garten aus dem achtzehnten oderalten Schlo�alleen, herbstlichen G�rten, gl�sernen Weihern,
Rahman, Sabrina Karim
An integrated cyberinfrastructure for real-time data acquisition and decision making in smart buildings and coral reef monitoring
heating and cooling. In the DEMROES project [DEM09], temperature, humidity, wind direction and speed, solar
Shin, Peter Hongsuck
European PrltJ(tice in Refuse Burning The practice and type of design in some of the
." [3] H. J. Mueller, "Die Muellverhrennung oach dem System Volund." [4] M. Andritzky, "Muel1kraftwerk
Columbia University
Satzung der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitt Frankfurt am Main fr das Verfahren in zulassungsbeschrnkten Studiengngen mit Hochschulauswahl-
naturwis- senschaftlichen Fächern (Biologie, Chemie und Physik) und in dem Fach Mathematik erzielt wurden 1998 in der jeweils gültigen Fassung. Chemie mit dem Abschluss Bachelor 1. Form des Antrags: Dem Antrag Auswahlverfahrens für das Fach Deutsch c) zu 24 % nach dem Ergebnis des Auswahlverfahrens für das Fach Mathematik d
Mester, Rudolf
Generating color terrain images in an emergency response system
The Atmospheric Release Advisory Capability (ARAC) provides real-time assessments of the consequences resulting from an atmospheric release of radioactive material. In support of this operation, a system has been created which integrates numerical models, data acquisition systems, data analysis techniques, and professional staff. Of particular importance is the rapid generation of graphical images of the terrain surface in the vicinity of the accident site. A terrain data base and an associated acquisition system have been developed that provide the required terrain data. This data is then used as input to a collection of graphics programs which create and display realistic color images of the terrain. The graphics system currently has the capability of generating color shaded relief images from both overhead and perspective viewpoints within minutes. These images serve to quickly familiarize ARAC assessors with the terrain near the release location, and thus permit them to make better informed decisions in modeling the behavior of the released material. 7 refs., 8 figs.
Belles, R.D.
Among the accomplishments of this past reporting period are obtaining a complete landgrid for the State of Michigan and the digital processing of the high and medium resolution DEM files. We can now extract lineations from the DEMs automatically using machine algorithms. One tentative result that may be very significant is that we may be seeing manifestations of buried structures in the DEM data. We are looking at a set of extracted lineations in the northern lower peninsula that appear to follow the trend of the pinnacle reefs (Silurian) which had relief approaching 300 feet but are now buried to greater than 3000 feet. We have also extracted the dolomite alteration data from all fields and can show that this is mainly confined to the basin center. It may be related to the paleo-rift suggested by the paleomagnetic and gravity data. As reported last time, the acquisition of a 3D seismic dataset over Stoney Point Field from Marathon Oil Company, is complete and attention is being devoted to incorporating the data into the project database and utilizing it. The surface lineation study is focusing on Stoney Point Field using the high-resolution DEM data and plotting of subsurface formation top data for the main reservoir, the Trenton (Ordovician) Formation. The fault pattern at Stoney Point is well documented by Marathon and we are looking for any manifestations on the surface. The main project database is now about as complete as it will be for this project. The main goals have been met, although the scanning of the paper records will have to continue beyond the scheduled end of the project due to the sheer number of records and the increased donations of data from companies as word spread of the project. One of the unanticipated benefits of the project has been the cooperation of gas and oil companies that are or were active in the Michigan Basin in donating material to the project. Both Michigan Tech and Western Michigan continue to receive donations at an accelerating pace. The data management software developed to handle the data, Atlas, is scheduled to undergo a 3rd revision before the project ends. The goals are to streamline access to the data by improving the display and add several new features, including the ability to turn the landgrid on and off. We may also be able to include the capability to calculate or recalculate footage calls as well. We discovered the reason that some of the 1/24,000 USGS DEM (Digital Elevation Models) for the State of Michigan contain high levels of noise and are making one last attempt to acquire a set of good files before the project ends. This will greatly improve the large-scale map (48 inches x 84 inches) that has been constructed by mosaicking of the high-resolution files. This map shows excellent ground surface detail and has drawn much comment and requests for copies at the venues where it has been displayed. Although it was generated for mapping of surface lineations the map has other uses, particularly analysis of the glacial drift in Michigan.
James R. Wood; William B. Harrison
Insulators Shading Material Name BSDF XML File Shading Layer Name ID Type In'Flector Radiant Barrier Window Insulator (SA-99) 2011-SA99.XML In'Flector Radiant Barrier Window...
Anual Energy Databases for Download
Image2.JPG (56849 bytes) Shades down, exterior view Shades down, exterior view Head Rail Detail Image9.JPG (84880 bytes) Image3.JPG (65948 bytes) Image4.JPG (96819 bytes)...
The Journal of John Waldie Theatre Commentaries, 1799-1830: no. 26 [Journal 37] December 9, 1816-February 16, 1817. Part 3
is a fine model of a frieze in bas. relief of the Triumph ofCanova's; also a most elegant bas relief, the monument ofof Frankfort, 2 circular bas relief medallions done for Lord
Burwick, Frederick
Cold Culture: Polar Media and the Nazi Occult
denote shade and darkness in esoteric languages. Beyond thesuffice it to say that esoteric Hitlerism and Nazi occultism
Krapp, Peter
Cooling our Communities. A Guidebook on Tree Planting and Light-Colored Surfacing
Standards established pedestrian Shade trees shall be planted within five feet (5') of right-of-ways,
Akbari, H.
Demand response : Daylighting The New York Times Building
Demand response Overview The architectural approach The owner's approach Daylighting field study Daylighting control systems Automated roller shades Procurement specifications...
thermal�resistance�value� RH� � relative�humidity� � S� � solar�gain,�shading� � SEER� � seasonal�energy�efficiency�
Lesieutre, Bernard
Energy effects of heat-island reduction strategies in Toronto, Canada
energy expenditure Savings reflective roof savings shade tree savings wind shield savings indirect savings combined savings Residential gas price
Akbari, Hashem; Konopacki, Steven
Web application for thermal comfort visualization and calculation according to ASHRAE Standard 55
natural ventilation, solar radiation, shading, evaporativesolar gain (direct, sky-diffuse, and ground-reflected shortwave radiation)
Schiavon, Stefano; Hoyt, Tyler; Piccioli, Alberto
Publications Portal
... assesses the impact of information technology use and Construction Industry Institute defined ... Location of Shade Trees for Energy Savings: A ...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: DesignBuilder
naturally ventilated buildings, buildings with daylighting control, double facades, advanced solar shading strategies etc. Screen Shots Keywords Building energy simulation,...
Simulating the Daylight Performance of Complex Fenestration Systems Using Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Functions within Radiance
software, windows, daylighting systems, shading systems,daylighting performance of complex fenestration systems (daylighting performance of complex fenestration systems (
Ward, Gregory
Nonnative Invasive Species Impacts and Control in Southern
honeysuckle, kudzu) By shading regeneration (e.g. Melaleuca, Chinese tallow tree, privet, bamboo) #12;2 Photo
Gray, Matthew
) By smothering (e.g. Japanese honeysuckle, kudzu) By shading regeneration (e.g. Melaleuca, Chinese tallow tree
It has been hot! In some places in Tennessee this summer, records have been set for "hot weather." According to the Weather Service in Morristown, there has been 59 days of tempera-
.(Epperson and Holt, 2006). Adequate, cool, water intake, along with shade, is probably the best way to reduce heat
Tennessee, University of
Effective Use of Procedural Shaders in Animated Scenes
Complex procedural shaders are commonly used to enrich the appearance of high-quality computer animations. In traditional rendering architectures the shading computation is performed independently for each animation frame which leads to significant costs. In this paper we propose an approach which eliminates redundant computation between subsequent frames by exploiting temporal coherence in shading. The shading
Polina Kondratieva; Vlastimil Havran; Hans-Peter Seidel
Models and methods for recovering shape, reflectance, and illumination from images
4 Resolving the Generalized Bas- Relief Ambiguity by EntropyFigure 3.4: A bas-reliefgeneralized bas-relief ambiguity. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alldrin, Neil Gordon
One day after Haiti's 7.0 earthquake, Dr. Robert Norris, Chief of the Division of Emergency Medicine, reached out to the ED team for volunteers to join IMC's relief effort. Throughout
! An Inspirational Response to Disaster in Haiti #12;MAP & ADDRESS K M C u Jen-Hsun Huang School of Engineering 025045 035055 016 075 065 SAREC reyeM yrarbiL foloohcS noitacudE Fire Truck Hse. kcolC rewoT Owen Haas of Business South Center Knight Varian Physics Sequoia Hall William R. Hewlett Teaching Center Herrin Hall
Ford, James
Ausgabe Nr. 08/2005 vom 29. Dezember 2005
über die Zusammenarbeit zwischen dem Botanischen Garten des Fachbereiches Biologie/Chemie der Universität Osnabrück und dem Süd- Sibirischen Botanischen Garten der Staatlichen Altai Universität Barnaul
Osnabrück, Universität
Mapping Potential Flood Extents in Eastern Kansas
Coffey County Lake filled during 1979-1982! John Redmond #12;18 Modified DEM Wolf Creek Reservoir added in eastern Kansas were identified. Through sitebysite inspection of the DEM, 40 lakes required outflow
Peterson, Blake R.
Quaternary Deformation of the Middle Pleistocene Christmas Canyon Formation and its Implications For Neotectonic Processes Associated With the Garlock Fault and Eastern California Shear Zone.
Conner, J. , (2006). Notes on LiDAR interpolation. http://compiled from 0.5 meter LiDAR DEM, illuminated from theComposed from 0.5 meter LiDAR DEM a) Slope angle b) Aspect
Wolf, Evan Michael
The Task of the Loving Translator: Translation, V�lkerschauen, and Colonial Ambivalence in Peter Altenberg�s Ashantee (1897)
V�lkerschauen im Zoologischen Garten Basel, 1879-1935.Ein schrecklicher Sturm in Garten. Auf dem braunen Teiche
Kim, David D
Putting Engineering into the Enterprise System
Brakdown Structure for Software Elements", die in dem MIL-HDBK-171 beschrieben ist. Dabei werden nur die
Bijlsma, Lex
BOEKBESPREKINGEN. E, Spalinger, Absterben yon ... - Springer
fiberlieferten Quellenmaterial beruhen oder ob sie auf mehr oder milader gesicherten Ergebnissen der wissenschaftlichen Forschung fussen. Dem Leser mfisste�...
Tech. Rep. MSSU-COE-ERC-00-13, Engineering Research Center, Mississippi State University, 2000. Decoding of Large Terrains Using a Hardware Rendering Pipeline
the transmission and storage of enormous quantities of data [?]. For example, the application of interest of a digital elevation map (DEM) providing a 3D terrain surface; coupled to this 3D surface is an image mosaic between grid points of the DEM are generated. With larger DEMs, the sheer number of polygons can overwhelm
Fowler, James E.
The effect of morphological smoothening by reconstruction on the extraction of peaks and pits from digital elevation models
In this paper, the effect of morphological smoothening by reconstruction on the extraction of peaks and pits from digital elevation models (DEMs) is studied. First, a mathematical morphological based algorithm to extract peaks and pits from DEMs is developed. ... Keywords: DEM smoothening, Digital elevation models, Kernel, Morphological smoothening by reconstruction, Peaks and pits
Dinesh Sathyamoorthy
11.Juli 2008 Satzung der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitt Frankfurt am Main fr das Verfahren
naturwissenschaft- lichen Fächern (Biologie, Chemie und Physik) und in dem Fach Mathematik erzielt wurden Auswahlverfahrens für das Fach Biologie b) zu 24 % nach dem Ergebnis des Auswahlverfahrens für das Fach Deutsch c naturwissenschaft- lichen Fächern (Biologie, Chemie und Physik) und in dem Fach Mathematik erzielt wurden
UniReport Satzungen und Ordnungen vom 22.06.2009 1 Satzung der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitt Frankfurt am Main fr das Verfahren
letzten vier Jahrgangsstufen in den naturwissenschaftlichen Fächern (Biologie, Chemie und Physik) undReport Satzungen und Ordnungen vom 22.06.2009 6 Chemie mit dem Abschluss Bachelor 1. Form des Antrags: Dem Antrag das Fach Biologie b) zu 24 % nach dem Ergebnis des Auswahlverfahrens für das Fach Deutsch c) zu 24
An Hourly-Based Performance Comparison of an Integrated Micro-Structural
An Hourly-Based Performance Comparison of an Integrated Micro-Structural An Hourly-Based Performance Comparison of an Integrated Micro-Structural Perforated Shading Screen with Standard Shading Systems Title An Hourly-Based Performance Comparison of an Integrated Micro-Structural Perforated Shading Screen with Standard Shading Systems Publication Type Journal Article LBNL Report Number LBNL-5521E Year of Publication 2012 Authors Appelfeld, David, Andrew McNeil, and Svend Svendsen Journal Energy and Buildings Volume 50 Issue July 2012 Keywords building performance modelling, complex fenestration system, daylight, shading, solar gains Abstract This article evaluates the performance of an integrated micro structural perforated shading screen (MSPSS). Such a system maintains a visual connection with the outdoors while imitating the shading functionality of a venetian blind. Building energy consumption is strongly influenced by the solar gains and heat transfer through the transparent parts of the fenestration systems. MSPSS is angular-dependent shading device that provides an effective strategy in the control of daylight, solar gains and overheating through windows. The study focuses on using direct experimental methods to determine bi-directional transmittance properties of shading systems that are not included as standard shading options in readily available building performance simulation tools. The impact on the indoor environment, particularly temperature and daylight were investigated and compared to three other static complex fenestration systems. The bi-directional description of the systems was used throughout the article. The simulations were validated against outdoor measurements of solar and light transmittance.
Vertical Louvered Blind Shading Systems Vertical Louvered Blind Shading Systems It is now possible to model Vertical Louvered Blinds in the Shading Layer Library, and then add them to a glazing system in the Glazing System Library. Shading Layer Library In the Shading Layer Library, set the Type to "Venetian blind, vertical" and then input values for the slat width, slat spacing and tilt will appear. The graphic image is a "plan" view of the vertical louvered blinds and will display the geometry of the blind based on the input values. Glazing System Library Once the Vertical Louvered Blind is defined in the Shading Layer Library, it can be added to a glazing system in the Glazing System Library. The blind in the screen shot below has been added to the inside of a double-glazed IGU.
Roof aperture system for selective collection and control of solar energy for building heating, cooling and daylighting
The amount of building heating, cooling and daylighting is controlled by at least one pair of solar energy passing panels, with each panel of the pair of panels being exposed to a separate direction of sun incidence. A shutter-shade combination is associated with each pair of panels and the shutter is connected to the shade so that rectilinear movement of the shutter causes pivotal movement of the shade.
Sanders, William J. (Kansas City, KS); Snyder, Marvin K. (Overland Park, KS); Harter, James W. (Independence, MO)
Fermilab Today
(or cross section) as a function of the angle between the two photons in the event. The bars show the statistical uncertainty and the shaded areas the systematic...
A Q&A with Cindy Regnier, Manager of the Facility for Low Energy...
problems that FLEXLAB was designed to address? One problem that is occupying many minds right now is successfully integrating HVAC, facades, shading, lighting systems and controls...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: IDA Indoor Climate...
reports include tables, charts, and plots. 3D visualizations (both stills and animations) show geometry, solar shadings, color coded input data as well as results. Arrow...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: IES Virtual Environment
LEED BREEAM Building regulations and statistical output for energy daylighting solar shading all included within the package. Computer Platform Windows XP Windows Vista...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: PVSYST
sizing, PV system simulation, grid-connected PV systems, stand-alone PV systems, shading, solar tools ValidationTesting Performed for 7 installations in Switzerland. Detailed...
Slide 1
and continuous adjustments (frequency regulation) of power pulses. Wind Ramping Percentage Percentage Solar Shading A 20 MW flywheel energy storage resource accurately...
Sponsors : Daylighting The New York Times Building
researchindex.html In-kind cost-share The New York Times Company Advance Transformer Co. Lutron Electronics, Inc. MechoShade Systems, Inc. Siemens Building...
simulation, grid-connected PV systems, electrical components, shading, economic analysis. Frame Simulator 2D, heat transfer, thermal analysis, thermal transmittance, thermal...
PhotoSolar | Open Energy Information
which combines effective solar shading and sets new standards for transparent photovoltaic devices. References PhotoSolar1 LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Awnshade
Awnshade Calculates the unshaded fraction of a rectangular window for any given solar position coordinates relative to the window. Calculations are made for window shading...
Wood-boring Insects of Trees and Shrubs
This publication explains how to identify and control wood-boring insects that invade shrubs and shade trees in Texas. 12 pages, 9 figures, 6 photographs, 1 table
Drees, Bastiaan M.; Jackman, John A.; Merchant, Michael E.
Solar Textiles For the Home.
??Solar Textiles came out of the idea that everyone has windows in their homes which need to be shaded. The question was simple, why are� (more)
Cosman, Brienne E
control systems, plants, solar shading, daylight, ice rinks, pools, 3D, BIM, IFC, LEED, ASHRAE, BREEAM, NMF, Modelica. Software has been updated. ParaSol solar protection,...
Using Building Simulation and Optimization to Calculate Lookup Tables for Control
and R Sabourin. Optimization of HVAC control system strategyapplicable optimization variables Consider a mixed mode HVACHVAC control variables of interest shade angle supply air temp The optimization
Coffey, Brian
Conservation for window air conditioners: a guide for homeowners and weatherization crews
Recommendations are made on the maintenance, operation, and shading of existing window air conditioners for the purpose of helping home owners conserve energy. (LCL)
Riley, J.T.; Haumberger, H. Jr.; Riley, K.L.
Application and evaluation of spiral separators for fine coal cleaning.
??Eight buckets of wet coal samples were collected from Shade Coal Preparation Plant,including the feed, clean coal, refuse, and middlings for fine spiral and coarse� (more)
Che, Zhuping.
Electromechanical solar tracking apparatus
The invention relates to an electromechanical solar tracking device which tracks the position of the sun using paired, partially-shaded bimetallic elements.
Stromberg, Robert P. (Albuquerque, NM)
High-performance facades design strategies and applications in North America and Northern Europe
facade and daylighting dimming systems made by facilitiesgain and daylighting though an operable blind system in thethe daylighting, shading, and natural ventilation systems
Zelenay, Krystyna; Perepelitza, Mark; Lehrer, David
High Performance Building Facade Solutions PIER Final Project Report
on commissioning daylighting systems at The New York TimesA source book on daylighting systems and components. LBNL-shading systems, daylighting systems, fa�ade systems and
Lee, Eleanor
Market transformation opportunities for emerging dynamic facade and dimmable lighting control systems
cost estimate for the daylighting system and the resultantwindow and daylighting systems are being developed and areautomated shading and daylighting systems are discussed in
Lee, Eleanor S.; Selkowitz, Stephen E.; Hughes, Glenn D.; Thurm, David A.
Materials Technology @ TMS
Dec 22, 2009 ... Also, because the cells are so small, the Sandia scientists said that solar panels made from them have much better shade tolerance to�...
Fast Image Filters for Depth-of-Field Postprocessing
and pixel shading. The vertex shader stage andthe pixel shader stage have been programmable for severalknown as the compute shader. The compute shader simply
Kosloff, Todd Jerome
orientation, window area, and shading strategies for homes in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The energy use was calculated for many window design variations including 5 orientations, 3...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Window Heat Gain
or shading. Contact Company: Sustainable By Design Address: 3631 Bagley Avenue North Seattle, Washington 98103 United States Telephone: +1 (206) 925-9290 Facsimile: +1 (877)...
DOE Solar Decathlon: Middlebury College
replaces the traditional rooftop array to create an exterior walkway shaded by solar panels. A lush green roof contributes to the thermal envelope of the house, sequesters...
Zaidi Abdullah
Contacts Media Contacts Portrait Not Available Zaidi Abdullah Science University of Malaysia This Speaker's Seminars The Effects of Table Lamp Shade Shape and Compact Fluorescent...
A Better Steam Engine: Designing a Distributed Concentrating Solar Combined Heat and Power System
shaded regions represent power generation costs . . 11 Heat-against conventional power generation technologies when thephotovoltaic and wind power generation have recently seen
Norwood, Zachary Mills
City of Phoenix - Energize Phoenix Residential Incentives (Arizona...
Building Insulation, Central Air conditioners, DuctAir sealing, Heat pumps, Lighting, Windows, Shade Screens Active Incentive Yes Implementing Sector Local Energy Category Energy...
District of Columbia | Department of Energy
with respect to shade and insulation, as well as its mitigating effects to the impacts of climate change. October 16, 2013 Flood Zone Building Permits (District of Columbia)...
NETL: News Release - DOE-Patented Process Improves Energy Recovery...
coal preparation plants under full-scale operating conditions: PBS Coals' Shade Coal Preparation Plant located near Central City, Pa.; Edison Mission Energy's Homer City...
Estimating solar access of typical residential rooftops: A case study in San Jose, CA
the solar access of rooftop solar-energy systems, includingthe solar access of rooftop solar-energy systems, includingof shading on residential rooftop solar access in various
Levinson, Ronnen M
CEFIA - Residential Solar PV Rebate Program (Connecticut) | Open...
project. Factors considered in calculating the rebate include: PV panel selection, inverter efficiency, system orientation and tilt, and shading on the site. Participation by...
CCEF - Affordable Housing Initiative Solar PV Rebate Program...
project. Factors considered in calculating the rebate include: PV panel selection, inverter efficiency, system orientation and tilt, and shading on the site. For multi-family...
Energy Simula.on Tools for Buildings
1980 1990 2000 4 #12;Architecture Weather Systems Envelope Schedules Pre, blinds 8 #12;Phenomena - II Solar Radia.on ·Solar posi5on, shading
Kammen, Daniel M.
Free software. DesignBuilder Building energy simulation, visualisation, CO2 emissions, solar shading, natural ventilation, daylighting, comfort studies, CFD, HVAC simulation,...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Tools by Subject -...
has been updated. DesignBuilder Building energy simulation, visualisation, CO2 emissions, solar shading, natural ventilation, daylighting, comfort studies, CFD, HVAC simulation,...
Solar access of residential rooftops in four California cities
panels and thermal collectors. This study characterizes residential rooftop shading in Sacramento, San Jose, Los Angeles and San Diego, CA. Our analysis can be used to better...
Publications : Daylighting The New York Times Building
Publications Publications Overview The architectural approach The owner's approach Daylighting field study Daylighting control systems Automated roller shades Procurement specifications Shades and Shade Controls Lighting Controls Visualizing daylight Commissioning/ verification Demand response Mainstream solutions Post-occupancy evaluation Publications Sponsors Project team Publications Technical Publications Post-occupancy Evaluation A post-occupancy monitored evaluation of the dimmable lighting, automated shading, and underfloor air distribution system in The New York Times Building. Eleanor S. Lee, Luis L. Fernandes, Brian Coffey, Andrew McNeil, Robert Clear, Tom Webster, Fred Bauman, Darryl Dickerhoff, David Heinzerling, Tyler Hoyt. LBNL Technical report, January 2013. LBNL-6023E.
Das knstliche Schilf bei der Neuenburger Arteplage wiegt sich bereits im Wind. Hier knnen sich bald auch die Expo-Besucher mit dem intelligenten Raum der Zrcher Hochschulen auseinandersetzen. F O T O S : N A N A P E R N O D
(IMK-IFU), Forschungszentrum, Karlsruhe (4) Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Rationelle (IMK-IFU), Forschungszentrum, Karlsruhe (4) Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Rationelle
Symboltrchtige Architektur, bezeichnende Lage: Das von Gottfried Semper geschaffene Eidgenssische Polytechni-kum in einer Aufnahme aus dem 19. Jahrhundert. F O T O : B I L D A R C H I V E T H -B I B L I O T H E K , Z R I C H
, Germany d Institut fu¨r Energiewirtschaft und Rationelle Energieanwendung (IER), Universita¨t Stuttgart
EfficiEncy,REnEWABLES&DEmAnDAnALySiSDiviSion C a l i f o r n i a E n e r g y C o m m i s s i o n t A p r i l 2 0 0 7 n o . 8 8
, and "house-as-a system" methods. He conducted training on infrared analysis of thermal envelopes and in (Rick) Chitwood founded Chitwood Energy Management, Inc., as a residential and light commercial HVAC systems installation firm. Chitwood has grown the firm to focus on energy efficienct design
Strategies for an integrated US industry response to a humanitarian disaster
This thesis focuses on developing strategies to improve coordination between private businesses, relief agencies, and the government in order to deliver more efficient and effective disaster relief during major national ...
Lam, Sheau Kai
The Spell of the Barricade: Art and Politics in France, 1830-1852
�pisodique d�un grand bas-relief), 1834/1851. Plaster/fragment �pisodique d�un grand bas- relief. � Source vol.lui �ter son pantalon et ses bas, et d�lui faire un�cravatte
Rose, Jordan Marc
appear in the reliefs), the bas of Pe, the deceased king orappear in the reliefs), the bas of Pe, the deceased king oror reed- crown, personify �the bas of Pe. � They are always
Meyer-Dietrich, Erika
Fixing famine : the politics of information in famine early warning
REST Relief Society of Tigray RRC Relief and RehabilitationRehabilitation Commission (RRC), a government agency chargedEthiopia� (2005, p. 113). RRC�s activities in general and
Burg, Suzanne M. M.
Power Scheduling for Multi-Hop Wireless Networks
wireless communica- tions: Scaling laws and optimal operation,�wireless networks are particularly useful for first responders for disaster relief, and military operationswireless network is particularly useful for first responders for disaster relief, and military operations
Yu, Yuan
Extending current energy policies would reduce U.S. energy use ...
Energy Information Administration ... technologies exemplify the policy extensions ... the effects of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 passed by ...
An Act Relative to Environmental Cleanup and Promoting the Redevelopme...
Massachusetts Program Type Corporate Tax Incentive Provider Mass. Department of Environmental Proection The Commonwealth of Massachusetts provides liability relief and...
Analysis & Projections - U.S. Energy Information Administration ...
Energy Information Administration - EIA ... producers, and the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010, ...
Global and Local Models for Multi-Document Summarization
... supplier wheat poisoning 7 ?7 : flood country Bangladesh river district northern water kill situation relief level government monsoon inundate rain ...
PL 107-206, FEMA - Federal Emergency Management ...
�Taken from PL 107-206 FY 2002 Supplemental Appropriations bill��. Federal Emergency Management Agency. DISASTER RELIEF. ...
Glossary - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Combustible gases are flared most often due to emergency relief, overpressure, process upsets, startups, shutdowns, and other operational safety ...
ArizonaStateUniversityComprehensiveDevelopmentPlanforaNewAmericanUniversity2006 ASU at the Downtown
that control the amount of sun striking the surface of the building, all of which reduce heat gain. Bank One of the critical elements of desert survival, shade can produce a 20-degree temperature difference from direct sun of a building on the south side. Vertical shading can protect structures from low-angle sun on the east, west
Rhoads, James
Center for Career and Professional Development
Salama, Khaled
A Low-Power Multimedia SoC with Fully Programmable 3D Graphics for Mobile Devices
A low-power multimedia SoC integrates a fully programmable 3D graphics for mobile devices with an MPEG4/JPEG codec and H.264 decoder for mobile devices. A mobile unified shader achieves programmable vertex shading and pixel shading in a single die, reducing ... Keywords: Mobile multimedia SoC, programmable, 3D graphics, mobile unified shader, low-power design
Jeong-Ho Woo; Ju-Ho Sohn; Hyejung Kim; Hoi-Jun Yoo
Shader Metaprogramming
Modern graphics accelerators have embedded programmable components in the form of vertex and fragment shading units. Current APIs permit specification of the programs for these components using an assembly-language level interface. Compilers for high-level shading languages are available but these read in an external string specification, which can be inconvenient.
Thomas Ertl; Wolfgang Heidrich; Michael Doggett (editors; Shader Metaprogramming; Michael McCool; Zheng Qin; Tiberiu Popa
A multipurpose hardware shader
For the last few years the state of the art in producing three-dimensional Gouraud shaded graphics has been the use of Gouraud shading hardware. Combined with z-buffering it enables graphic workstations to provide real time display. The disadvantages ...
Josef P�psel; Eckard Tikwinski
INTEGRATED PEST Partners with Nature
Structure and composition of organic reefs and carbonate mud mounds: concepts and categories Robert high relief. Carbonate Mud Mounds: carbonate mud-dominated deposits with topographic relief and few or no stromatolites, thrombolites or in place skeletons. Low Relief Carbonate Mud Mounds are typically thin. High
Behmer, Spencer T.
Phoenix, Arizona. The energy use was Phoenix, Arizona. The energy use was calculated for many window design variations including 5 orientations, 3 glazing areas, 5 shading types, and 20 window Key Issues Orientation: Homes with windows facing predominately north use less energy than homes facing east, south, or west. With high-performance windows and shading strategies, these differences can be considerably less. Window Area: Energy use increases with window area using windows with clear and high-solar-gain glazing. With high-performance windows, energy use may not increase at all when using a larger window area. Shading Condition: On north-facing homes, shading devices will have little impact. On south-facing homes, overhangs can be effective to block the hot summer sun. Shading devices have less impact when using high-
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: SUNDI
SUNDI SUNDI SUNDI logo. Developed at the Electrical Machines Institute, SUNDI calculates the irradiance losses due to shading. A simple analysis can be done with sun orbit diagrams. An exact day analysis is possible with this program. Shading situations can be localized exactly. The results can be presented graphically. The irradiance losses can be also calculation for long periods of time. The calculation is very quick. The results are given in a tabular and can be used by other Windows applications. Keywords solar shading, solar irradiance, solar patterns Validation/Testing N/A Expertise Required General knowledge of sun patterns and building geometry. Users Unknown. Audience Building designers. Input Geometry of the shading configuration. Output Tabular and graphic irradiance losses due to shading.
DOE Solar Decathlon: Arizona State University and The University of New
Arizona State University and The University of New Mexico Arizona State University and The University of New Mexico SHADE www.asunm.org For the U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon 2013, Arizona State University and The University of New Mexico designed a house that celebrates its unique equilibrium with the desert environment. SHADE (Solar Homes Adapting for Desert Equilibrium) is intended to grow and adapt with its users by creating microclimates that mediate between the landscape and the interior environment. With independent modules that can be combined in various configurations and a prominent solar canopy that provides a shaded outdoor extension of the house, SHADE is built for a community-oriented, indoor-outdoor lifestyle. Design Philosophy SHADE pays tribute to the interdependence of desert plant life while
Thermische Effekte im Kollektorfeld solarthermischer Anlagen.
??Angesichts der angestrebten Reduzierung der Umweltbelastung und dem Anstieg des zu-k�nftigen Energiebedarfs nimmt die Bedeutung der regenerativen Energiequellen heutzutage zu. Ein Beispiel f�r Energieversorgung durch� (more)
Dimitrova, Krassimira
??Angesichts der angestrebten Reduzierung der Umweltbelastung und dem Anstieg des zuk�nftigen Energiebedarfs nimmt die Bedeutung der regenerativen Energiequellen heutzutage zu. Ein Beispiel f�r Energieversorgung durch� (more)
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 9 - Air Pollution Control...
Yes Implementing Sector StateProvince Program Administrator Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management Primary Website http:www.dem.ri.govpubsregsregsair...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 3 - Particulate Emissions...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 43 - General Permits for...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 7 - Emission of Air Contaminant...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No.27 - Control of Nitrogen...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 5 - Fugitive Dust (Rhode...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 22 - Air Toxics (Rhode...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 1 - Visible Emissions...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 41 - Nox Budget Trading...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 46 & 47 - CO2 Budget Trading...
Air Pollution Control Regulations: No. 6 - Continuous Emissions...
Anmeldung fr die Veranstaltungen im Rahmen des Alumni-Festes am 1./2. Juli 2011 Das aktuelle Tagesprogramm mit den genauen Ortsangaben wird fr beide Tage am Campus ausliegen.
,,Botanischer Garten" 14.00 Uhr, Treffpunkt Eingang unterer Garten, Nähe Gewächshäuser Führungen ,,Kunst auf dem
Schubart, Christoph
David Martin | Argonne Leadership Computing Facility
David Martin Industrial Outreach Lead David Martin Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Building 240 - Rm. 3126 Argonne, IL 60439 630-252-0929 dem...
Zur Methodologie - Springer
(European Commission for Democracy through Law 1994). Zu erw�hnen ist auch Jacques Leclerc mit dem umfassenden Werk L'am�nagement linguistique.
Wind flow modeling for wind energy analysis of the Nellis Dunes area in Nevada.
??A wind energy analysis of the Nellis Dunes area in Nevada was conducted. A DEM file which contains the elevation data was used to generate� (more)
Rangegowda, Upendra
Sandia National Laboratories Information Technology Solutions ...
Technology Readiness Level: Sandia estimates this technology at a TRL 6. A market deliverable has been dem-onstrated in relevant environments and is ...
Auswirkungen von Basisinnovationen auf die Energiewirtschaft und die Energienachfrage in Deutschland : am Beispiel der Nano- und Biotechnologie.
??Die Bedeutung einer nachhaltigen Energieversorgung steigt aufgrund des globalen Klimawandels und vor dem Hintergrund endlicher Ressourcen stetig an. In diesem Zusammenhang gewinnen neue Innovationen und� (more)
Lambauer, Jochen
Medieninformation Kommunikation und Medien
Energiewirtschaft zu erkennen und zu lösen, bietet die TU Darmstadt ab dem Wintersemester 2012/13 den neuen Master
Reggelin, Michael
Lehrveranstaltungskatalog fur Studiengange und Lehrangebote
. Deshalb wird in diesem gemeinsam mit Siemens Energiewirtschaft (KWU), Erlangen, und dem Fraunhofer Reininger und Dr. Mattis von Siemens Energiewirtschaft ( KWU ) in Erlangen gedankt werden. Literatur 1. Buck
Drozda, Martin
D i e H a u s z e i t u n g d e r E T H Z r i c h S e p t e m b e r 2 0 0 8 www.cc.ethz.ch//docs/ethlifeprint/
.11.-11.11.11 Globale und regionale Rohstoff- und Energiewirtschaft aus geographischer Sicht 18.11.-19.11.11 Auf dem Weg
Eine Forschungsanstalt des ETH-Bereichs
Wehrli, Bernhard
Wussten Sie schon... ...dass das Pariser
damit seinen Durst löschen möchte: das berühmte Mineralwasser stammt aus dem Kurort Vittel in den
Huber, Patrick
Sprachen, Einstellungen und nationale Selbstidentifikation : zum Problem der Identit�tsfindung in der Republik Belarus�.
??Mit dem Zerfall der UdSSR sind neue, souver�ne Staaten entstanden, �ber deren Nationsbildung sowohl in den SNG - Staaten als auch im Westen wenig bekannt� (more)
Schr�der, Britta L.
V�gen till Lean inom tj�nstesektorn.
?? The Toyota Production System (TPS) har utvecklats av Toyota och har varit ett medel f�r dem att f�rb�ttra effektivitet och kvalitet. TPS �r b�de� (more)
Areskog, Bj�rn
Airborne Laser Altimetry Digital Elevation Model, Barrow Environmental Observatory, 0.5m spatial resolution
The dataset is a digital elevation model, DEM, of a 2km by 7km region in the vicinity of the Barrow Environmental Observatory near Barrow, Ak.
Cathy Wilson; Chandana Gangodagamage; Joel Rowland
About TMS Membership: e-Memberships
Indonesia Iran, Islamic Rep. Iraq Jamaica Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Korea, Dem Rep. Kyrgyz Republic Lao PDR Lesotho Liberia. Macedonia, FYR
Particle Adventure Glossary
deren Werte fr alle Ladungsarten null sind. Dazu gehrt das Photon oder ein aus Quark und dem zugehrigen Antiquark zusammengesetztes Boson. In diesen Fllen kann nicht...
3 Die Inkorporation externer Regionen - Springer
Kashagan gilt als gr��tes �lfeld au�erhalb des Nahen Ostens und als f�nftgr��tes ... (wo das Kashagan-Feld liegt) nach Baku, dem Ausgangspunkt der BCT,.
using XRD, ICP-MS - High-resolution micro computed tomography * Modeling - Multiphase reactive transport simulator - ARTS - Discrete-element model (DEM) for...
Buchbesprechungen - Springer
sache, dab der Autor in einem Bereich, in dem Deutsch nicht die Staatssprache ist ... gen- und Elektroneninterferenzen in der Chemie. 2. erwei- terte AufI�...
Microsoft Word - _NT43067_ Revised NETL Report Covers.doc
focused on the discrete element modeling (DEM) coupling of fluid flow and sediment mechanics when two fluid phases are present, and on evaluating the coupling of capillarity and...
DOE Data Explorer (OSTI)
A light detection and ranging (lidar) study of the Sierra Nevada
2005). "An evaluation of LiDAR-derived elevation and terrainheight using a combination of lidar and aerial photography."error associated with lidar-derived DEM interpolation."
Phelps, Gary M. II
Project team : Daylighting The New York Times Building
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Tools by Country - Switzerland
Switzerland Switzerland A E F L M P U Tool Applications Free Recently Updated ACOUSALLE acoustics, codes and standards ECO-BAT environmental performance, life cycle assessment, sustainable development Software has been updated. EnerCAD Building Energy Efficiency; Early Design Optimization; Architecture Oriented; Life Cycle Analysis Software has been updated. flixo 2D heat transfer, cold bridge, fenestration, frame U-value, thermal bridge Software has been updated. LESO-COMFORT thermal comfort, load calculation, energy LESO-SHADE shading factors, solar shading, building geometry LESOCOOL airflow, passive cooling, energy simulation, mechanical ventilation LESODIAL Daylighting, early design stage, user-friendliness LESOKAI thermal tranmission, water vapor, building envelope Software has been updated.
@geo.unizh.ch, www.geo.unizh.ch/~kaeaeb 2. U.S. Geological Survey, 2255 N. Gemini Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, U.S.A., www.glims.org 3. National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, 449 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309) an automatic DEM from ASTER data is compared to one derived from aerial photogrammetry. Such DEMs
Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Universität
KDM Security in the Hybrid Framework Gareth T. Davies
KDM Security in the Hybrid Framework Gareth T. Davies and Martijn Stam Department of Computer and indistinguishability of the DEM together suffice for KDM security of the resulting hybrid scheme. We consider the most that might be applicable in a wider context. Keywords: KDM Security, Hybrid Encryption, KEM/DEM, Public Key
International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR)
Discrete element modeling of machine-manure interactions
The discrete element method (DEM) was applied to the study of the machine-product interactions occurring in manure handling and land application equipment. Two types of conveying systems (scraper and 4-auger system) were modeled along with a hopper and ... Keywords: Conveying systems, Discrete element method (DEM), Flow rate, Manure, Numerical modeling, Specific energy, Spreader
H. Landry; C. Lagu�; M. Roberge
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Solar Tool
Solar Tool Solar Tool Solar Tool logo. Makes the process of accurately sizing and positioning overhangs, shading devices and louvers easy. This software is a must for architects, planners and building services engineers, anyone who needs to quickly determine the extent of solar penetration into buildings, overshadowing or the most appropriate means of shading a window. The program uses a flexible, parametric model on which can be placed any number of horizontal, vertical and detached shades. You can select any date, time or location, seeing immediately the resulting shadows whilst interactively manipulating the geometry to show immediately the effects. You can also choose to automatically optimise the size and shape of any shading device over any range of dates and times you require. Screen Shots
Washington, DC. The energy use was Washington, DC. The energy use was calculated for many window design variations including 5 orientations, 3 glazing areas, 5 shading types, and 20 window Key Issues Orientation: Homes with windows facing predominately south use less energy than homes facing north, east, or west. With high-performance windows and shading strategies, these differences can be considerably less. Window Area: Energy use increases with window area using windows with clear glazing. With high-performance windows, energy use may not increase at all when using a larger window area. Shading Condition: On south-facing homes, overhangs can be effective to block the hot summer sun while allowing for passive solar gain in winter months. Shading devices have less impact when using high-performance windows with low-
from the sun, while for pyrheliometry and solar collectionlens and a sun- shade to prevent direct solar radiation fromby the solar disc and a circle 30 from the sun's center.
Hunt, A.J.
Accounting for the Solar Radiation Influence on Downward Longwave Irradiance Measurements by Pyrgeometers
Measurements of broadband downward longwave (LW) irradiance are carried out at Lampedusa, Italy, in the Mediterranean, jointly with solar irradiance, since 2004 using shaded and unshaded Eppley Precision Infrared Radiometers (PIRs) and Kipp & ...
Daniela Meloni; Claudia Di Biagio; Alcide di Sarra; Francesco Monteleone; Giandomenico Pace; Damiano Massimiliano Sferlazzo
The urban waterfront in flux : accommodating uncertainty in Brooklyn
Urban waterfronts are host to every shade of a city's development. Once pulsating with trade and production, the very reason for the city's existence, the mid 20th century brought jarring macroeconomic shifts and technological ...
Young, Jaime Ren�e
Automated hedcut illustration using isophotes
In this work, we present an automated system for creating hedcut illustrations, portraits rendered using small image feature aligned dots (stipples). We utilize edge detection and shading cues from the input photograph to direct stipple placement within ...
SungYe Kim; Insoo Woo; Ross Maciejewski; David S. Ebert
Welcome to the Efficient Windows Collaborative
of transparency are possible-as in frit glass-since the PV cells offer shade and produce electricity. In some cases, the PV panels are placed in spandrel panels, rather than the...
Ecology of the Smooth Earth Snake (Virginia valeriae) and Redbelly Snake (Storeria occipitomaculata)
the tins hold their attractant value as they are shaded from direct insolation but generally are warmer intervals. The number of cover boards per transect was 10-20. Lat-long coordinates generally were recorded
Decoupled Sampling for Graphics Pipelines
We propose a generalized approach to decoupling shading from visibility sampling in graphics pipelines, which we call decoupled sampling. Decoupled sampling enables stochastic supersampling of motion and defocus blur at ...
Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan Millar
Decoupled Sampling for Real-Time Graphics Pipelines
We propose decoupled sampling, an approach that decouples shading from visibility sampling in order to enable motion blur and depth-of-field at reduced cost. More generally, it enables extensions of modern real-time graphics ...
Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan
Exploring the potential of layered BRDF models
The key advantage of using layered BRDFs over traditional, more general shading-language constructs is that the automatic result is highly plausible. This course is a survey of the considerable potential of layered surface models. On a simple layered ...
Andrea Weidlich; Alexander Wilkie
Thinking in layers: modeling with layered materials
This course serves as a guide to the considerable potential of layered surface models that are available in many commercial products. The key advantage of using such layered materials over traditional shading language constructs is that the end result ...
true of our vineyards, our orchards, our shade trees and our forest trees. The European Corn-borer seriously damages field corn and sweet corn. Army Worms and Cut-worms destroy...
An Explanation of Uncertainties in Point Cloudiness/Solar Energy Relationships
The uncertainties in average relationships between paint cloudiness and solar energy flux density can largely be accounted for through scatter in the overestimation of cloud shades by point cloudiness. This is demonstrated using monthly averaged ...
C. J. Stigter
Evaluation of Various CFD Modelling Strategies in Predicting Airflow and Temperature in a Naturally Ventilated Double Skin Fa�ade
insulation, to shade solar radiation and to provide suitabledouble skin is shown. The solar radiation was not directlyas different values of solar radiation. Nomenclature u i,j,k
Pasut, Wilmer; De Carli, Michele
Modeling of Heat Transfer in Rooms in the Modelica Buildings Library
infrared radia- tion and solar radiation. Figure 1 shows theIn the window model, a solar radiation balance is solved forexterior shade. The model solar radiation balance implements
Wetter, Michael
Space Nanotechnology Laboratory M a s s a c h u s e t t s I n s t i t u t e o f T e c h n o l o g ySNLSNL
(goal system. ! Patterning of gratings Resolution Mirror Assembly (HRMA) Thrusters (4) (105 lb) Low Gain Antenna (2) Aspect Camera Stray Light Shade Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) Transmission Gratings (2) Solar Array (2) Chandra Telescope Grating (stowed) X
Zeros of partial sums of the Riemann zeta function - CECM - Simon ...
However, there are areas where they appear to become dense. There are also shadings ..... ????v??, 41?? ? 1x?d?h? 51, 1x? 1x? . ?Lan?? 16? R. E. Langer.
A Hamiltonian Approach to the Eikonal Equation
The eikonal equation and variants of it are of significant interest for problems in computer vision and image processing. It is the basis for continuous versions of mathematical morphology, stereo, shape-from-shading and for recent dynamic theories of ...
Kaleem Siddiqi; Allen Tannenbaum; Steven W. Zucker
Solar Decathlon 2013: Meet the Teams | Department of Energy
self-sustaining house designed for the typical southwestern suburbia. An 800-square-foot house, SHADE uses multiple patios to extend the living space of the house. Image:...
New Braunfels Utilities - Energy Efficiency and Water Conservation...
Unit AC & Heat Pump: 200 - 500 Washing Machine: 100 Solar ScreenFilm: up to 300 LED Exit Sign: 20 Shade Tree: 25 New Braunfels Utilities offer a variety of programs...
Last Updated: 06262013 Complex Glazing System Modeling WINDOW 6.3 can be used to model complex glazing systems, in particular venetian blinds and roller shades (although not for...
LBNL Window & Daylighting Software -- THERM 6 Research Version
for THERM6 Overview of Changes from THERM6 THERM6.3 can read databases made in WINDOW6.3, and interpret the shading device layers. Sill with Interior Venetian Blind: Sill...
LBNL Window & Daylighting Software -- CGDB
NFRC Approved Complex Glazing Product List Last Updated: 07252013 Overview The following products from the CGDB 1.2 database can be used for NFRC ratings Pella ID Shading Layer...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: SunTools
SunTools SunTools logo A Plug-in for SketchUp that allows visualization of sun position and sun path, produces axonometric views from the sun to analyze mutual shading, and easy...
of a woven shade-screen material used for daylighting and solar heat-gain control." In SPIE Optics+Photonics. San Diego, CA, 2008. Mitchell, Robin, Christian Kohler, Joseph H....
of a woven shade-screen material used for daylighting and solar heat-gain control." In SPIE Optics+Photonics. San Diego, CA, 2008. 2007 Jonsson, Jacob C., and Michael D. Rubin....
DOE Solar Decathlon: 2013 Teams
2013 Teams AZ StateNew Mexico SHADE Czech Republic AIR House KentuckyIndiana Phoenix House Las Vegas DesertSol Middlebury College InSite Missouri University S&T Chameleon House...
Classroom Projects -- Part Two
is fun and instructive for them to extract, from plants, dyes to color skeins of white wool and swatches of cotton cloth. Some surprising results, in soft pastel shades, can be...
WINDOW 6.2/THERM 6.2 Research Version User Manual
technical appendix of this manual. Use this choice to ensureReference section of this manual. Figure 4-10. The ShadingReference section of this manual. At this time, the BSDF
Mitchell, Robin
Efficient partitioning of fragment shaders for multiple-output hardware
Partitioning fragment shaders into multiple rendering passes is an effective technique for virtualizing shading resource limits in graphics hardware. The Recursive Dominator Split (RDS) algorithm is a polynomial-time algorithm for partitioning fragment ...
Tim Foley; Mike Houston; Pat Hanrahan
The lightspeed automatic interactive lighting preview system
We present an automated approach for high-quality preview of feature-film rendering during lighting design. Similar to previous work, we use a deep-framebuffer shaded on the GPU to achieve interactive performance. Our first ...
Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan Millard
LBNL Windows & Daylighting Software -- WINDOW tutorials
Movie) bullet Creating a Window with a Generic Frame in WINDOW 6 or 7 (QuickTime Movie) Advanced Tutorials: bullet Database structure for Shading Systems in WINDOW7 (QuickTime)...
Radiative and climate impacts of absorbing aerosols
during SHADE: 1. Solar spectrum, J. Geophys. Res . , 108(sensed data in the solar spectrum, J. Geophys. Res , 106 (a scattering aerosol in the solar spectrum with a SSA=1 and
Zhu, Aihua
The New York Times headquarters daylighting mockup: Monitored performance of the daylighting control system
of the daylighting control system E.S. Lee , S.E. Selkowitzof two daylighting control systems installed in separateopen-loop proportional control system and an automated shade
Lee, Eleanor S.; Selkowitz, Stephen E.
or dates. This chart is available on the DOE NEPA Web site at energy.govNEPA Report Date: 10162013 Total Actions Total Actions * Shaded entries are NEPA reviews...
Turlock Irrigation District - Residential Energy Efficiency Rebate...
Clothes Washers: 35 Sun Screens: 1.00square foot Whole House Fans: 75 Solar Attic Fan: 100 Radiant Barrier: 0.10square foot Shade Tree: 20 each (3 max) Turlock...
The Epic 2001 Stratocumulus Study
Overlaying the cool southeast Pacific Ocean is the most persistent subtropical stratocumulus cloud deck in the world. It produces a profound affect on tropical climate by shading the underlying ocean and radiatively cooling and stirring up ...
Christopher S. Bretherton; Taneil Uttal; Christopher W. Fairall; Sandra E. Yuter; Robert A. Weller; Darrel Baumgardner; Kimberly Comstock; Robert Wood; Graciela B. Raga
Designing PV Incentive Programs to Promote Performance: A Review...
of systems, in a sample of 95, had lower-than-expected power output due to shading or soiling (KEMA 2005). About 3% of a larger sample of 140 systems were not operating at all or...
A Computer-based Atlas of Global Instrumental Climate Data
Color-shaded and contoured images of global gridded instrumental data have been produced as a computer-based atlas, available to the climate community through Internet. Each image simultaneously depicts anomaly maps of surface temperature, sea ...
Raymond S. Bradley; Linda G. Ahern; Frank T. Keimig
Adaptive Toldo systems T?M?
This thesis investigates the structural, spatial, and climatic performance of the Toldo - a traditional lightweight street shading device, which is emblematic of Islamic cityscapes. Re-examining its historical roots along ...
Schleicher, Simon (Simon R.)
Mapping comfort : an analysis method for understanding diversity in the thermal environment
Our thermal experience is never neutral. Whether standing near a cold window in the winter, or in the shade on a sunny day, we constantly experience a rich set of thermal stimuli. Yet, many of the tools used in professional ...
Webb, Amanda Laurel
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: BuildingSim
a one-room apartment up to a 100+ floor skyscraper--and account for everything from window coverings to shade trees. BuildingSim uses actual hourly weather data from over 90...
Geometry-aware framebuffer level of detail
This paper introduces a framebuffer level of detail algorithm for controlling the pixel workload in an interactive rendering application. Our basic strategy is to evaluate the shading in a low resolution buffer and, in a second rendering pass, resample ...
Lei Yang; Pedro V. Sander; Jason Lawrence
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant Program
strategy plan, 2) adopt California green building code, train reviewers, inform public and builders, 3) install solar panels on a solar-shade structure in the City Yard and...
LBNL-4418E Performance of Integrated Systems of Automated Roller Shade Systems and Daylight Responsive Dimming Systems Author(s): B. Park, A. Choi, J. Jeong, E. Lee Environmental...
LBNL-4417E Visual Comfort Analysis of Innovative Interior and...
LBNL-4417E Visual Comfort Analysis of Innovative Interior and Exterior Shading Systems for Commercial Buildings using High Resolution Luminance Images K. Konis, E.S. Lee, R.D....
Solar Adoption and Energy Consumption in the Residential Sector
actual solar radiation and other necessary weather dataSolar 71 Table 5.2. 10x10km Weathersolar energy is actually generated; this makes intuitive sense as edge effects such as shading and weather
McAllister, Joseph Andrew
Daylighting The New York Times Building
Overview The architectural approach The owner's approach Daylighting field study Daylighting control systems Automated roller shades Procurement specifications Shades and Shade Controls Lighting Controls Visualizing daylight Commissioning/ verification Demand response Mainstream solutions Post-occupancy evaluation Publications Sponsors Project team NEW: Post-occupancy Evaluation Publications Daylighting The New York Times Headquarters Building This website provides information on a collaboration between The New York Times Company, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, industry, and three major public funding agencies designed to transform the market for emerging automated window shade systems and daylighting controls so that these types of energy-efficient products become the norm. Project activities included documenting and demonstrating that the technology works and generates energy savings in real world applications, creating a market response so that these systems are available at commodity prices and are cost-effective, making third party performance data available to the public, and providing guidance to support widespread deployment.
An Evaluation of Shadow Shielding for Lunar System Waste Heat Rejection
Shadow shielding is a novel and practical concept for waste heat rejection from lunar surface spacecraft systems. A shadow shield is a light shield that shades the radiator from parasitic thermal radiation emanating from the sun or lunar surface. Radiator size and mass can reduce if the radiator is not required to account for parasitic heat loads in addition to system energy rejection requirements. The lunar thermal environment can be very harsh towards radiative heat rejection. Parasitic heat loads force the radiator to expand in size and mass to compensate. On the Moon, there are three types: surface infrared, solar insulation, and albedo. This thesis tests shadow shielding geometry and its effect on the radiator and nuclear reactor in a reactor-powered Carnot heat engine. Due to the nature of cooling by radiative heat transfer, the maximum shaft work a Carnot system can produce and the minimal required radiator area occurs when the Carnot efficiency is 25%. First, a case for shadow shielding is made using an isothermal, control radiator model in Thermal Desktop. Six radiator temperatures and three latitudes are considered in the tests. Test variables in this section include radiator shapes and shade geometry. The simulations found that shadow shielding is best suited for a low-temperature radiator at the lunar equator. Optimized parabolic shade geometry includes a focus right above or at the top of the radiator and full to three-quarters shade height. The most useful rectangular radiator shape for shadow shielding is that which has a low height and long width. All simulations were conducted using a shade with a 10 kg/m2 area mass. A sensitivity study was conducted for different shade area masses using high and low values found in the literature. The shade is the most useful when the shade's area mass is less than or equal to that of the radiator. If the shade mass is below this threshold, the shade would be applicable to all radiator temperatures tested. Optimized shade and radiator geometry results were then factored into a second model where the radiator is comprised of heat pipes which is similar to radiators from actual system designs. Further simulations were conducted implementing the SAFE-4001 fast fission nuclear reactor design. The study found that shadow shielding allowed the system to use a low-temperature radiator where other configurations were not viable because shadow shielding drastically improves radiative heat transfer from the radiator, but at the consequence of raising radiator mass.
Worn, Cheyn
Window Daylighting Demo
Window Daylighting Demo: Window Daylighting Demo: Accelerated Deployment of Daylighting and Shading Systems Stephen Selkowitz Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory firstname.lastname@example.com 510-486-5064 April 4, 2013 2 | Building Technologies Office eere.energy.gov Purpose & Objectives Problem Statement: * Façade has large energy impacts. Cooling and lighting average ~ 40% of energy use in commercial buildings and often >50% in peak electric demand. * Many glazing/shading/daylighting options exist, but selecting the "best" solution is
Automatic Shader . . .
Current graphics hardware can render procedurally shaded objects in real-time. However, due to resource and performance limitations, interactive shaders can not yet approach the complexity of shaders written for film production and software rendering, which may stretch to thousands of lines. These constraints limit not only the complexity of a single shader, but also the number of shaded objects that can be rendered at interactive rates. This problem
Marc Olano; Bob Kuehne; Maryann Simmons
Shadows cast by trees and buildings can limit the solar access of rooftop solar-energy systems, including photovoltaic panels and thermal collectors. This study characterizes rooftop shading in a residential neighborhood of San Jose, CA, one of four regions analyzed in a wider study of the solar access of California homes.High-resolution orthophotos and LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) measurements of surface height were used to create a digital elevation model of all trees and buildings in a 4 km2 residential neighborhood. Hourly shading of roofing planes (the flat elements of roofs) was computed geometrically from the digital elevation model. Parcel boundaries were used to determine the extent to which roofing planes were shaded by trees and buildings in neighboring parcels.In the year in which surface heights were measured (2005), shadows from all sources ("total shading") reduced the insolation received by S-, SW-, and W-facing residential roofing planes in the study area by 13 - 16percent. Shadows cast by trees and buildings in neighboring parcels reduced insolation by no more than 2percent. After 30 years of simulated maximal tree growth, annual total shading increased to 19 - 22percent, and annual extraparcel shading increased to 3 - 4percent.
Levinson, Ronnen M.; Gupta, Smita; Akbari, Hashem; Pomerantz, Melvin
Pay, Leave and Absence | Department of Energy
are authorized to waive the bi-weekly pay limitation for employees engaged in emergency response activities that include, but are not limited to, disaster relief assistance,...
DOE Solar Decathlon: News Blog � Illinois
lifestyles of disaster victims than the typical mobile home-style trailer used in today's disaster relief efforts. The Rehome offers an efficient and open floor plan that...
Essays on Weather Indexed Insurance and Energy Use in Mexico
WII to test voter response to disaster spending is preciselyevidence of voters� response to disaster relief expendituresentitled �Voters Response to Natural Disasters Aid: Quasi-
Fuchs, Alan
Natural Gas Weekly Update, Printer-Friendly Version
Annual Energy Outlook 2012 (EIA)
Some of the latest facts (according to status reports from the Administration-wide response, unless where otherwise noted) include: BP continues to drill two relief wells:...
Success Stories: UV Waterworks - Lawrence Berkeley National ...
This technology is being used in disaster relief around the world and to provide safe drinking water to rural and urban communities. ...
UL Verification Services Inc. (formerly UL CCS)
... an integral antenna transmitting signals to initiate a specific response in the ... 302 625 V1.1.1 ERM; 5 GHz BroadBand Disaster Relief applications ...
Motivating Private Precaution with Public Programs: Insights from a Local Earthquake Mitigation Ordinance
relates to coordinating disaster response and relief effortstransition from a disaster response mode to recoverymore towards preparing for disaster response. It is thus no
Rabinovici, Sharyl Jean Marie
Putting Science to Work PEOPLE TTED NEWS IN
become the stan- dard for estimating population at risk and is useful for coordinating disaster response, humanitarian relief, sustainable develop- ment, and environmental...
Essays on the Political Economy of Social Government Programs
Rodriguez Chamussy, Maria de Lourdes
Retail Unbundling - Georgia
The legislation gives the PSC authority to issue emergency orders, such as price regulations, if it ... The Natural Gas Consumers' Relief Act (House ...
the bi-weekly pay limitation for employees who are engaged in any type of emergency response activity including, but not limited to, disaster relief assistance, radiological...
Compensation | Department of Energy
Division, NN-43, Office of Arms Control
that sets forth the relief, waiver, or release, either temporary or permanent, from a DOE Nuclear Safety Requirement, as granted by the appropriate Secretarial Officer pursuant...
Linking local perceptions of elephants and conservation: Samburu pastoralists in northern Kenya
Restocking Pastoralists in Kenya: A Strategy for Relief andand Conservation in Amboseli, Kenya. PhD Dissertation,Cambridge University. Kenya Wildlife Service, 2000.
Kuriyan, Renee
Optical Materials
October 20, 2010 ... allows the micropatterned fabrication of metal-oxide based physical relief structures directly from solution and from solid-state precursor films
Stretches of Upper Mississippi River near record-low levels ...
Recent rock blasting and dredging by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and rainfall in the near-term forecast are expected to provide some relief.
Performance of Charcoal Cookstoves for Haiti, Part 2: Results...
Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) stove testing facility. In January 2010, a massive earthquake rendered hundreds of thousands of Haitians homeless. A large relief and...
Bayesian Analysis of Discrete Longitudinal Data.
??This thesis explores a Bayesian hierarchical model to compare treatment effectiveness for menopausal symptom relief. Specifically, this model recognizes the discrete nature of the data,� (more)
Bernini, Nicholas
Coal Gasification Report.indb
of facilities being identified as limits to transfers, and market- based congestion management procedures and TLR transmission loading relief procedures are required in areas...
Reusing Non-Wearable Textiles in Disaster Areas.
??This thesis describes a design project of a shelter solution for disaster relief in cold climates with non-wearable textiles. KICI foundation is searching for applications� (more)
Bolier, L.J.
Exhumation Of The Peruvian Andes; Insights From Mineral Chronometers
display different source rocks, elevations and relief withinfor detrital sources, the metamorphic basement rocks of themagmatic arc rocks were primary sources for RM07-5, a
Michalak, Melanie
EXC-13-0004 - In the Matter of Liebherr Canada Ltd. | Department...
relief for its built-in automatic defrost upright freezer with through-the-door ice service. Liebherr noted that neither the current applicable energy efficiency standard...
Disposition Record Request: Oil Import Appeals Board | Department...
Record Request: Oil Import Appeals Board Disposition Record Request: Oil Import Appeals Board OIAB Case Files. Records consist of company requests for relief from hardship imposed...
... to advanced manufacturing, to clean energy and information ... workers to create their own jobs by starting ... Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of ...
Modified Accelerated Cost-Recovery System (MACRS) + Bonus Depreciation...
and extended yet again by the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 (H.R. 4853). Under these amendments, eligible property placed in...
United States/EZ Policies | Open Energy Information
Independent Oversight Review of Hanford Tank Farms Safety Basis...
to create tank vacuum exceeding their analyzed capabilities, which could result in structural failures. The vacuum relief valves and other tank vacuum 3 protection devices are...
On the Description and Greatness of Mexico City: A Translation of Book 4, Chapters 24 and 25, of Francisco Cervantes de Salazar's Cr�nica de la conquista de la Nueva Espa�a
very strong with two tall limestone towers. The entire housetower in the city it was a great relief for the travelers to see it rising so tall;
Bono, Dianne M.
Wind: wind power density maps at 50 m above ground and 400m resolution...
potential within Sri Lanka, with supplemental information on political boundaries, transmission lines, roads, and terrain relief.
Nine: The Causes of the California Energy Crisis
Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) or the California Publicside of the industry, FERC is charged with the regulation ofthe state were asking the FERC for regulatory relief at the
Thornberg, Christopher F
a strange summer in washington
Most of us who follow and report on Congressional action breathe a sigh of relief in August when the House and Senate take their recess. Not this year.
Technology Zones (Virginia)
Virginia�s 26 designated Technology Zones offer tax relief in the form of abatements, credits, deductions, deferrals, exemptions, or rebates. Local governments may designate technology zones to...
Newport High School Retrofit of Heating and Cooling Systems with...
technology. - Provide jobs, and reduce requirements of funds for the capital budget of the School District, and thus give relief to taxpayers in this economically...
Unexpected Moves: High-Skilled Foreign Workers in Multinational Headquarters in Sweden and Finland
arrived in the most cosmopolitan of cities, but one wouldmobile and effortlessly cosmopolitan, they embody the bestpenetrable to them? Life in Cosmopolitan Relief: Working at
Bozkurt, �d�l
EIA Energy Information Administration
Gas & Electric Co. filed a request with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission for emergency price relief from the astronomical prices, asking for a price cap to be imposed...
How do normals move during prolonged wheelchair-sitting?
The clinical practice for minimizing the risk of pressure sores (PS) is to relief pressures under bony prominences of immobilized patients by changing their postures frequently. The US Department of Health advises to relief sitting pressures at least ... Keywords: Decubitus ulcer prevention, immobilization, posture, pressure sores, rehabilitation
E. Linder-Ganz; M. Scheinowitz; Z. Yizhar; S. S. Margulies; A. Gefen
Coordinated dispatch of regional transmission organizations: Theory and example
In this paper we consider the coordination of economic dispatch across multiple Regional Transmission Organizations (RTOs) to optimize interchange levels, including consideration of the coordination of ''congestion relief'' as practiced in the Eastern ... Keywords: Congestion relief, Economic dispatch, Hierarchical optimization, Interchange optimization, Regional transmission organizations
Ross Baldick, Dhiman Chatterjee
Valve test program: response to TMI
The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) pressurized-water reactor (PWR) safety and relief valve test program was speedily organized to assess valve operability after a pressurizer relief valve malfunctioned at Three Mile Island (TMI). Comprehensive full-scale testing at several facilities validated the basic designs in use today. 2 figures.
Lihach, N.; Bilanin, W.; Carey, J.
TopoToolbox: A set of Matlab functions for topographic analysis
TopoToolbox contains a set of Matlab functions that provide utilities for relief analysis in a non-Geographical Information System (GIS) environment. The tools have been developed to support the work flow in combined spatial and non-spatial numerical ... Keywords: Digital elevation models, Flow networks, Graph Theory, Linear algebra, Matlab, Relief analysis, Sparse matrices
Wolfgang Schwanghart; Nikolaus J. Kuhn
Wind Power: How Much, How Soon, and At What Cost?
Based Energy Storage." Renewable Energy, 31: 1355-1370. deM . Hoogwijk. 2007. "Renewable Energy Sources: Their GlobalR. Williams (eds. ), Renewable Energy: Sources for Fuels and
Wiser, Ryan H
What Can We Learn from Hydrogen Safety Event Databases?
conducting online simple analyses of the data recorded into the database MAP: a GIF based tool which links events to their geographical distribution DEM DRM DAM HIAD MAP Event...
Accuracy of Circular Polarization as a Measure of Spin Polarization in Quantum Dot Qubits C. E. Pryor* and M. E. Flatte
dot spin light emitting diode provides a test of carrier spin injection into a qubit and a means. Towards this end, recent experiments [5] have dem- onstrated a spin light emitting diode (spin
Flatte, Michael E.
Notiz Nr. 13 / 2011 // 1. April 2011 Notizen aus der Universitt Bayreuth
-Aktionstag im �?kologisch-Botanischen Garten Unter dem Motto ,,Aus Theorie und Praxis: Was die Gärtner empfehlen" findet am Sonntag, 3. April, erstmals im �?kologisch- Botanischen Garten der Universität Bayreuth ein
Ullmann, G. Matthias
sind Wetterstatio- nen da. Und eine davon steht jetzt auf dem Campus, genauer: im Botanischen Garten Wetterstation steht im Botanischen Garten 15 20 Jahre Hort-Stipendienstiftung 16 ,,Keine Hunde mitbringen!" 18
Schiller, Stephan
Climate Action Plan (Rhode Island)
In the fall of 2001, the Department of Environmental Management (DEM), the RI State Energy Office (SEO), and the Governor's office convened the Rhode Island Greenhouse Gas Stakeholder Project in...
SSSAJ: Volume 71: Number 4 JulyAugust 2007 1371 Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 71:13711380
processes (Table 1). Terrain attributes are readily estimated from DEMs, but the estimated values in precision farming is limited by equipment costs, but we expect that data of similar accuracy will become
MacDonald, Lee
Bespredmngen - Springer
4) i7IEILMEYER, L. : Vortr~ige aus dem Gebiet der ktinischen Chemic und Cardiologie, S. 6t. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme t956. -- 5) KAY,. R.E., u. Mitarb.: Z. analyt.
quiforme Geometrie der isotropen Ebene
punkt U der isotropen Ebene mit dem Ma.6kege|~ehnitt c 2 die Koordinaten. (2) ... Sehen Ebene, deren beide (verschiedene) absolute Punkte U1, U 2 in U�...
Exploring Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Earth Highpoint Attachment Geography by Peak Current
This study applied remotely sensed cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning strike location data, a digital elevation model (DEM), and a geographic information system (GIS) to characterize negative polarity peak current CG lightning Earth attachment ...
Brandon J. Vogt
Die Hauszeitung der ETH Zrich Mrz 2012 www.ethz.ch/ethlifeprint .
, Wis- senschaft und Wirtschaft wohnten dem Anlass bei. Die Investition in der Höhe von 90 Millionen wird. Das Kohlendioxid stammt dort aus einer Kraftwerks- anlage, die Kohle vergast. Es wird durch eine
campusDas Magazin der TU Mnchen 3| 2010 Elektro-Mobilitt
Kemper, Gregor
Modulhandbuch Technische Volkswirtschaftslehre (M.Sc.)
Stein, Oliver