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9400 Ditmars Blvd, East Elmhurst, New York 11369
(240 reviews)Distance from airport: 0.8 miles
*Sales Tax - 10.38%
*Airport Access Fee - $3.00 total
Please allow sufficient time for transportation to your airport terminal, approximately 15 - 30 minutes.
FREE transportation to and from all terminals. Shuttle leaves every 1/2 hour starting on the hour.
Open 24 hours .
Clarion hotel at LaGuardia is located only 1/4 mile from the LGA terminals. They are open 24 hours a day and offer free and immediate shuttle transportation to and from LaGuardia Airport with complimentary luggage assistance. To be sure of a space with this operator you are advised to make a reservation today. A shuttle service is also available to Amtrack Station and Cruise Pier. Clarion Hotel at LaGuardia offer car care services, please ask about these when you check in with the parking lot attendants. Please allow sufficient time (15-20) minutes to get to the terminals at LaGuardia Airport when you arrive at Clarion hotel. After retrieving your luggage call 718-335-2423 and wait for shuttle bus outside of baggage claim.
Breakdowns based on 865 ratings
WRITE A REVIEW1-20 of 240 Reviews
I chose this lot because the website said average wait time was less than 5 minutes. Something must have changed. When we arrived we were told the shuttle leaves every 30 minutes, on the hour and half hour, which would have given us a 20 minute wait. Then it arrived 10 minutes later and took us, apparently not aware of the supposed "schedule." Then when we returned, it took more than 20 minutes to be picked up. Apparently the driver didn't know where to go but the dispatcher was finally able to explain it to him after my third call.
Excellent service!!! Easy access, friendly staff, almost no wait for shuttle. Will definitely use them again!!!!
Terrible service, will never use again. Recommend The Parking Spot instead. Lot attendants wouldn't send the shuttle to pick me up from La Guardia so I had to lug my 50-lb bag to the lot. I'm 57 years old and asthmatic. Good thing there wasn't snow on the ground or freezing conditions! Saw The Parking Spot's van twice while I waited for the Clarion's shuttle that never came.
The driver who sent me to airport is NOT nice and keep blablabla just because I asked a simple question "how many minutes can we be Terminal B?". And when I came back and called for p/up, the guy answer the phone insisted to ask me to call again once all luggages are ready, he hung up before I can tell him that I want to pick up my car by myself and I drive back to Terminal B to pick up the other 6 people of my family including 3 Grandparents and 2 kids and everybody is exhausted. That guy don't answer my call (5 times) so I got my wife called him, and he answer, but in the end all of us had to get on the shuttle with all our luggages... and I had to help Grandmother to walk slowly from the shuttle to my minivan while that guy just looking and seems nothing happened... can't believe that was happened in a mid-night. We left without saying anything else.
I found the Clarion to be professional, friendly, timely and expedient. I would definately used them again and would highly recommend them. They came within minutes of my call once we retrieved our luggage. We came upon our vehicle which was running nicely cooling with the air conditioner on a hot day. Couldn't ask for more!
The Shuttle bus system sucked. Almost missed the flight. The average shuttle waiting time on the website said less than 5 min. We had to wait 30 min because the shuttle had just left. Almost missed the flight.
The best ever.
I waited 58 minutes for the Clarion shuttle to arrive and they made up excuses. It was inexcusable and I'll never use them again. I'll go back to Avistar. They said that they didn't have enough help. It was awful and I'm writing to the manager at the Clarion Hotel at LaGuardia. But I did want you to know to not recommend them. Period.
parking worked out well as it has in the past
Never again will I use Car service/limo. Great, convenient way to save money.
Just need a better answering system late at night. We came in around midnight and were getting quite nervous that nobody was answering the phone! But, once someone woke up & answered the phone, the bus was there in just a few short minutes & everything ran smoothly from there. Thanks!
Clarion Hotel was convenient and easy to use...reliable and on time. Will use them again if flying out of LaGuardia.
We parked at the Clarion by LGA. I was surprised that shuttles only went to the airport every 30 minutes. Other parking places have shuttles running much more frequently. The guys handling our bags did their job, but did the minimum necessary.
Took a long time to get the shuttle to airport. It finally arrived to take me to my flight. Coming home I called when I landed. Phone took a while to be answered. I was told 15 minutes. until pickup. I ended up having to call again and eventually the phone was answered and eventually I got picked up. (closer to 35 minutes after my first call!!) I arrived and my car was running with windows open and air on high. I asked how long the car had been standing there running. I was told about 10 minutes……but since I had called 45 minutes earlier, I had no way of knowing how long my car had been left idling. My car usually cools off pretty quickly. I was not happy with the experience. Very different from previous times parking here.
Man was very rude that picked us up
I will never use Clarion At LaGuardia airport again. Driver waited 20 minutes to half past the hour to start drop off even though the van was full at 5 to 10 after the hour. Absurd!
One shuttle running is not enough. Every 30 minutes is not enough. It took me an hour door to door because of the wait and all the stop. Not the drivers fault. I won't use you again until it changes. I'd make them shuttle buses instead of vans too.
I was impressed that the snow on the car was removed and the car was heated when we arrived. Great service! Thank you.
Fantastic service, I've used them three times so far and will continue to recommend them to anyone!


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With the last Marketplace Conference behind it, the National Association of Chain Drug Stores is looking forward to next summer and the debut of the Total Store Expo (TSE) in Las Vegas.
Inside This Issue - News
ALEXANDRIA, Va. – With the last Marketplace Conference behind it, the National Association of Chain Drug Stores is looking forward to next summer and the debut of the Total Store Expo (TSE) in Las Vegas.
The show will unify three NACDS conferences: Marketplace, Pharmacy and Technology, and Supply Chain and Logistics into one event covering stores from front to back.
The inaugural gathering, set for the Sands Expo and Convention Center from August 10 to August 13, 2013, will take place during the year marking the 80th anniversary of NACDS' founding.
The organization's board approved TSE's creation based on ongoing dialogue with members and a formal outreach program designed to identify opportunities to revolutionize events. The expo will seek to build on NACDS' reputation for cutting-edge conferences that maximize retailer-supplier access and industry education.
Over the winter NACDS launched a promotional Web advertisement to convey the opportunities TSE will provide chains and manufacturers. The ad, released on YouTube, Twitter and Facebook, pledges that the expo "will create more synergy, provide efficient access to high-caliber meetings, and deliver a complete approach to health and wellness."
Among those building excitement for the event was immediate past NACDS chairman Bob Loeffler, who is chief administrative officer at H-E-B. He said the organization's retail members are looking forward to "grabbing the NACDS Total Store Expo and running with it."
Loeffler noted that NACDS board members have committed to an additional meeting — during TSE. "These chain CEOs will engage energetically in this new meeting format," he said. The board's meeting will increase its number of meetings per year from two to three.
When TSE was announced last year, then NACDS chairman Larry Merlo said it would deliver "the precision and personalization that members have come to expect from current NACDS conferences."
Merlo, president and chief executive officer of CVS Caremark Corp., promised "the power of an unparalleled conference in our industry."
One objective of TSE is to ensure that NACDS meetings are spaced more strategically throughout the year — allowing for a more effective follow-up rather than having a conference follow so soon after the Annual Meeting; the Annual Meeting and Regional Chain Conference will continue in the spring and winter, respectively.
Another goal is to ensure the meeting lineup delivers value to all NACDS members and constituencies, given their diversity in size and specialties.
The expo is also designed to reflect the fact that the industry represented by NACDS continues to become more influential in the nation's economy.
"The Total Store Expo is a new concept for trading partners," says the NACDS website. "It will promote teamwork, synergy and execution. It will feature trade show excitement and allow for both tactical and strategic exchange."

subset: commoncrawl


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Final Price After All Offers ***: $18,230*2014 Cruze Sedan LTZ
Final Price After All Offers ***: $12,445*2014 Cruze Sedan LS (Manual)
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OWNER LOYALTY REBATE! $1000*2015 Camaro
Final Price After All Offers ***: $29,805*2015 Camaro 2dr Cpe LT w/2LT
Sale Price: $42,400*2012 Corvette w/4LT
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Dan Hecht Chevrolet - A Flora & Vandalia Chevrolet Dealer
As you browse our site you will see the pride we have in our Effingham Chevrolet dealership. At Dan Hecht Chevrolet-Toyota, your new and used car dealer in Effingham, IL, we devote ourselves to helping our customers to the best of our ability. Our staff is here to provide a low-pressure and hassle-free environment. If you're looking at Effingham used cars or a Central Illinois Chevrolet dealer that provides outstanding customer service, then Dan Hecht is the dealership for you! View our hours and map page for directions from Vandalia or Mattoon, and be prepared to get more than you expect at Dan Hecht!
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As your local Mattoon & Newton Chevrolet dealer, Dan Hecht is one of the premier new and used Chevrolet dealers in the Effingham and Greenup areas. We are conveniently located on South Banker Street, just a few minutes north of Effingham County Memorial Airport. Serving Central Illinois Chevrolet dealer customers, we have a great selection of used cars for sale in Effingham with vehicles priced as low as $9999, fuel efficient vehicles and a wide selection of Motor Trend's 2011 truck of the year – the Chevy Silverado. Or, if you're looking for a sportier car, come test drive the beautiful 2013 Chevy Camaro! We are happy to help any visiting St. Elmo, Flora or Vandalia Chevrolet customer find their next new or used car with us! If you're just not sure about which vehicle to choose come, in for a rental car in Effingham and take a test drive for as long as you need!
Your Mattoon Car Parts & Auto Service Dealer
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In addition to researching your next Chevy car, truck, van or SUV, you can also use our site to find leasing options, research financing options, or get a quick quote on a new or used car in Effingham. If you have any questions on Dan Hecht's current financing or leasing specials, drop by our finance department to have all your questions answered. We offer Mattoon, Flora and Vandalia Chevrolet enthusiasts a wide selection of new and used vehicles on our lot, and our staff is here to test drive any vehicle with you that catches your eye. We want to help you lease or finance the vehicle of your dreams, so our financing and sales staff is here to help you in every step of the buying process. Visit Dan Hecht today and let us show you why we are one of the premier dealerships in Effingham and the surrounding areas.
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This Site Comes With Music!
Do you want to hear the music?
A little more than 300 seniors crossed the stage in 1985 at graduation ceremonies. After a small period of indecision, the class selected "Free" by Prince as their class song, the white rose as their flower, and purple and white as their class colors. As freshmen, the class of 1985 attended the "old school," now Socastee Elementary School, adjacent to the new campus. They are the last class to graduate who attended the old school before the new one was opened in 1982.


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Success with GroupWise Document Management
Novell Technology Partner
product details
by Gregg Hinchman and Danita Zanrè
The only reference of its kind on the market today, Success with GroupWise Document Management provides insights into the GroupWise Library, Novell's document management system that is built into GroupWise.
Topics include:
- Overview
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- The Library Structure
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- Planning the Library System
- Installation and Configuration
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- Integrating Applications
- QuickFinder Indexing
- Library Maintenance
- Administrative Tasks
- End User Interface and Tips
- Migrating from Other Document Management Systems
product compatibility
- Novell GroupWise
quick clicks
regional availability
- Asia Pacific
- Europe, Middle East & Africa
- Japan
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language availability
- English
Novell does not warrant non-Novell products or services. All products and services included in the Novell Partner Product Guide are provided on an "as-is" basis, and in no event shall Novell be liable for any damages whatsoever resulting from use or performance of any such products or services. Any warranty service for non-Novell products or services is provided by the product vendor in accordance with the applicable vendor warranty. The information and related graphics published in the Novell Partner Product Guide may include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Novell assumes no responsibility for the content of any site linked to its Web pages. Inclusion of third-party products or services in the Novell Partner Product Guide does not constitute an endorsement of such products or services by Novell.


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - View original article
Communism (from Latin communis – common, universal)[1][2] is a socioeconomic system structured upon the common ownership of the means of production and characterized by the absence of social classes, money,[3][4] and the state; as well as a social, political and economic ideology and movement that aims to establish this social order.
Communism is represented by a variety of schools of thought, which broadly include Marxism, anarchism and the political ideologies grouped around both. All these hold in common the analysis that the current order of society stems from its economic system, capitalism, that in this system, there are two major social classes: the proletariat - who must work to survive, and who make up a majority of society - and the capitalist class - a minority who derive profit from employing the proletariat, through private ownership of the means of production, and that political, social and economic conflict between these two classes will trigger a fundamental change in the economic system, and by extension a wide-ranging transformation of society. The primary element which will enable this transformation, according to communism, is the social ownership of the means of production.
Because of historical peculiarities, communism is commonly erroneously equated to Marxism-Leninism in mainstream usage. The term 'Marxism-Leninism' refers to an ideology developed by Joseph Stalin[5][6] which controversially claims adherence to Marxism and Leninism, yet is not accepted as a genuine development of Marxism by other kinds of Marxists.[7] 'Marxism-Leninism' was founded as Stalin and his ideologists' own doctrine, with Marx and Lenin's words being merely used as an afterthought, selectively selected out of context.[8][9] States run under 'Marxism-Leninism' (such as the Soviet Union) did not represent what Marxists would term a 'communist society', nor did they claim to.[10] States based on Marxism-Leninism were run under single-party rule,[11] in contradiction to Marxism's dictatorship of the proletariat, which is a democratic state form (despite its name, which at the time and place it was coined had nothing to do with the current meaning of the term 'dictatorship'[12][13]); single-party rule cannot be a dictatorship of the proletariat under the Marxist definition.[14]
According to Marxism-Leninism, the Soviet Union had achieved socialism and was on the way to communism; other communists disagree, some claiming that it had in fact established state capitalism.[15] To other communists, 'Marxism-Leninism' is neither Marxism, Leninism, nor the union of both; but rather an artificial term created to justify Stalin's ideological distortion.[7] Such communists typically do not claim that the Russian experience had nothing to do with communism, but rather state that despite origins linked to the communist movement, it was deviated from and turned into an entirely different path, while preserving communist ideological aesthetics. Because Marxism-Leninism was used to establish a variety of regimes around the world (such as Cuba, China and North Korea) and claimed leadership of the communist movement, and the portrayal by anticommunists of such regimes being an example of communism, in mainstream usage communism has come to be incorrectly regarded as equivalent to this ideology and these regimes.
The origins of communism are debatable, and there are various historical groups, as well as theorists, whose beliefs have been subsequently described as communist. German philosopher Karl Marx saw primitive communism as the original, hunter-gatherer state of humankind from which it arose. For Marx, only after humanity was capable of producing surplus, did private property develop. The idea of a classless society first emerged in Ancient Greece.[16] Plato in his The Republic described it as a state where people shared all their property, wives, and children: "The private and individual is altogether banished from life and things which are by nature private, such as eyes and ears and hands, have become common, and in some way see and hear and act in common, and all men express praise and feel joy and sorrow on the same occasions."[16]
In the history of Western thought, certain elements of the idea of a society based on common ownership of property can be traced back to ancient times. Examples include the Spartacus slave revolt in Rome.[17] The 5th-century Mazdak movement in Persia (Iran) has been described as "communistic" for challenging the enormous privileges of the noble classes and the clergy, criticizing the institution of private property and for striving for an egalitarian society.[18]
At one time or another, various small communist communities existed, generally under the inspiration of Scripture.[19] In the medieval Christian church, for example, some monastic communities and religious orders shared their land and other property (see Religious and Christian communism).
Communist thought has also been traced back to the work of 16th-century English writer Thomas More. In his treatise Utopia (1516), More portrayed a society based on common ownership of property, whose rulers administered it through the application of reason. In the 17th century, communist thought surfaced again in England, where a Puritan religious group known as the "Diggers" advocated the abolition of private ownership of land.[20] Eduard Bernstein, in his 1895 Cromwell and Communism[21] argued that several groupings in the English Civil War, especially the Diggers espoused clear communistic, agrarian ideals, and that Oliver Cromwell's attitude to these groups was at best ambivalent and often hostile.[22] Criticism of the idea of private property continued into the Age of Enlightenment of the 18th century, through such thinkers as Jean Jacques Rousseau in France. Later, following the upheaval of the French Revolution, communism emerged as a political doctrine.[23]
Various social reformers in the early 19th century founded communities based on common ownership. But unlike many previous communist communities, they replaced the religious emphasis with a rational and philanthropic basis.[24] Notable among them were Robert Owen, who founded New Harmony in Indiana (1825), and Charles Fourier, whose followers organized other settlements in the United States such as Brook Farm (1841–47).[24] Later in the 19th century, Karl Marx described these social reformers as "utopian socialists" to contrast them with his program of "scientific socialism" (a term coined by Friedrich Engels). Other writers described by Marx as "utopian socialists" included Saint-Simon.
In its modern form, communism grew out of the socialist movement of 19th-century Europe. As the Industrial Revolution advanced, socialist critics blamed capitalism for the misery of the proletariat—a new class of urban factory workers who labored under often-hazardous conditions. Foremost among these critics were Marx and his associate Friedrich Engels. In 1848, Marx and Engels offered a new definition of communism and popularized the term in their famous pamphlet The Communist Manifesto.[24]
The 1917 October Revolution in Russia set the conditions for the rise to state power of Lenin's Bolsheviks, which was the first time any avowedly communist party reached that position. The revolution transferred power to the All-Russian Congress of Soviets,[25][26][27] in which the Bolsheviks had a majority. The event generated a great deal of practical and theoretical debate within the Marxist movement. Marx predicted that socialism and communism would be built upon foundations laid by the most advanced capitalist development. Russia, however, was one of the poorest countries in Europe with an enormous, largely illiterate peasantry and a minority of industrial workers. Marx had explicitly stated that Russia might be able to skip the stage of bourgeois rule.[28] Other socialists also believed that a Russian revolution could be the precursor of workers' revolutions in the West.
The moderate Mensheviks opposed Lenin's Bolshevik plan for socialist revolution before capitalism was more fully developed. The Bolsheviks' successful rise to power was based upon the slogans such as "Peace, bread, and land" which tapped the massive public desire for an end to Russian involvement in the First World War, the peasants' demand for land reform, and popular support for the Soviets.[29]
The Second International had dissolved in 1916 over national divisions, as the separate national parties that composed it did not maintain a unified front against the war, instead generally supporting their respective nation's role. Lenin thus created the Third International (Comintern) in 1919 and sent the Twenty-one Conditions, which included democratic centralism, to all European socialist parties willing to adhere. In France, for example, the majority of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) party split in 1921 to form the French Section of the Communist International (SFIC). Henceforth, the term "Communism" was applied to the objective of the parties founded under the umbrella of the Comintern. Their program called for the uniting of workers of the world for revolution, which would be followed by the establishment of a dictatorship of the proletariat as well as the development of a socialist economy.
During the Russian Civil War (1918–1922), the Bolsheviks nationalized all productive property and imposed a policy named war communism, which put factories and railroads under strict government control, collected and rationed food, and introduced some bourgeois management of industry. After three years of war and the 1921 Kronstadt rebellion, Lenin declared the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1921, which was to give a "limited place for a limited time to capitalism." The NEP lasted until 1928, when Joseph Stalin achieved party leadership, and the introduction of the Five Year Plans spelled the end of it. Following the Russian Civil War, the Bolsheviks, in 1922, formed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), or Soviet Union, from the former Russian Empire.
Following Lenin's democratic centralism, the Leninist parties were organized on a hierarchical basis, with active cells of members as the broad base; they were made up only of elite cadres approved by higher members of the party as being reliable and completely subject to party discipline.[30] The Great Purge of 1937–1938 was Stalin's attempt to destroy any possible opposition within the Communist Party. In the Moscow Trials many old Bolsheviks who had played prominent roles during the Russian Revolution of 1917, or in Lenin's Soviet government afterwards, including Kamenev, Zinoviev, Rykov, and Bukharin, were accused, pleaded guilty, and executed.[31]
Following World War II, Marxist-Leninists consolidated power in Central and Eastern Europe, and in 1949, the Communist Party of China (CPC), led by Mao Zedong, established the People's Republic of China, which would follow its own ideological path of development following the Sino-Soviet split. Cuba, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Angola, and Mozambique were among the other countries in the Third World that adopted or imposed a government run by a Marxist-Leninist party at some point. By the early 1980s almost one-third of the world's population lived in states ruled by a self-proclaimed Marxist-Leninist party, including the former Soviet Union and the PRC.[citation needed]
Its leading role in the Second World War saw the emergence of the Soviet Union as a superpower, with strong influence over Eastern Europe and parts of Asia. At the same time the existing European empires were shattered and Communist parties played a leading role in many independence movements.
Marxist-Leninist governments modeled on the Soviet Union took power with Soviet assistance in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Poland, Hungary and Romania. A Marxist-Leninist government was also created under Marshal Tito in Yugoslavia, but Tito's independent policies led to the expulsion of Yugoslavia from the Cominform, which had replaced the Comintern. Titoism, a new branch in the Marxist-Leninist movement, was labelled "deviationist"[by whom?]. Albania also became an independent Marxist-Leninist state after World War II.[32]
By 1950, the Chinese Marxist-Leninists had taken over all of mainland China. In the Korean War and Vietnam War, communists fought for power in their countries against the United States and its allies. With varying degrees of success, communists attempted to unite with nationalist and socialist forces against perceived Western imperialism in these poor countries.
Communism was seen as a rival of and a threat to western capitalism for most of the 20th century.[33] This rivalry peaked during the Cold War, as the world's two remaining superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, polarized most of the world into two camps of nations. It supported the spread of their respective economic and political systems. As a result, the camps expanded their military capacity, stockpiled nuclear weapons, and competed in space exploration.
In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became leader of the Soviet Union and relaxed central control, in accordance with reform policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring). The Soviet Union did not intervene as Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania, and Hungary all abandoned Marxist-Leninist rule by 1990. In 1991, the Soviet Union dissolved.
At present, states controlled by Marxist-Leninist parties under a single-party system include the People's Republic of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam. North Korea currently refers to its leading ideology as Juche, which is portrayed as a development of Marxism-Leninism. Communist parties, or their descendant parties, remain politically important in a number of other countries. The South African Communist Party is a partner in the African National Congress-led government. In India, communists lead the governments of three states, with a combined population of more than 115 million. In Nepal, communists hold a majority in the parliament.[34] The Communist Party of Brazil is a part of the parliamentary coalition led by the ruling democratic socialist Workers' Party and is represented in the executive cabinet of Dilma Rousseff.
The People's Republic of China has reassessed many aspects of the Maoist legacy; it, along with Laos, Vietnam, and, to a lesser degree Cuba, has reduced state control of the economy in order to stimulate growth. Chinese economic reforms started in 1978 under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping; since then, China has managed to bring down the poverty rate from 53% in the Mao era to just 6% in 2001.[35] The People's Republic of China runs Special Economic Zones dedicated to market-oriented enterprise, free from central government control. Several other states run by self-proclaimed Marxist-Leninist parties have also attempted to implement market-based reforms, including Vietnam.
Theories within Marxism as to why communism in Central and Eastern Europe was not achieved after revolutions pointed to such elements as the pressure of external capitalist states, the relative backwardness of the societies in which the revolutions occurred, and the emergence of a bureaucratic stratum or class that arrested or diverted the transition process in its own interests. Marxist critics of the Soviet Union, most notably Trotsky, referred to the Soviet system, along with other states ran by Marxist-Leninist parties, as "degenerated" or "deformed workers' states", arguing that the Soviet system fell far short of Marx's communist ideal and he claimed the working class was politically dispossessed. The ruling stratum of the Soviet Union was, by Trotskyism, held to be a bureaucratic caste, but not a new ruling class, despite their political control.
Part of a series on |
Marxism |
Marxism, first developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, has been the foremost ideology of the communist movement. Marxism considers itself to be the embodiment of scientific socialism; rather than model an "ideal society" based on intellectuals' design, it is a non-idealist attempt at the understanding of society and history, through an analysis based in real life. Marxism does not see communism as a "state of affairs" to be established, but rather as the expression of a real movement, with parameters which are derived completely from real life and not based on any intelligent design.[36] Marxism, therefore, does no blueprinting of a communist society; it only makes an analysis which concludes what will trigger its implementation, and discovers its fundamental characteristics based on the derivation of real life conditions.
At the root of Marxism is the materialist conception of history, known as historical materialism for short. It holds that the key characteristic of economic systems through history has been the mode of production, and that the change between modes of production has been triggered by class struggle. According to this analysis, the Industrial Revolution ushered the world into a new mode of production: capitalism. Before capitalism, certain working classes had ownership of instruments utilized in production. But because machinery was much more efficient, this property became worthless, and the mass majority of workers could only survive by selling their labor, working through making use of someone else's machinery, and therefore making someone else profit. Thus with capitalism, the world was divided between two major classes: the proletariat and the bourgeoisie.[37] These classes are directly antagonistic: the bourgeoisie has private ownership of the means of production and earns a profit off surplus value, which is generated by the proletariat, which has no ownership of the means of production and therefore no option but to sell its labor to the bourgeoisie.
Historical materialism goes on and says: the rising bourgeoisie within feudalism, through the furtherance of its own material interests, captured power and abolished, of all relations of private property, only the feudal privileges, and with this took out of existence the feudal ruling class. This was another of the keys behind the consolidation of capitalism as the new mode of production, which is the final expression of class and property relations, and also has led into a massive expansion of production. It is, therefore, only in capitalism that bourgeois property in itself can be abolished.[38] The proletariat, similarly, will capture political power, abolish bourgeois property through the common ownership of the means of production, therefore abolishing the bourgeoisie, and ultimately abolishing the proletariat itself, and ushering the world into a new mode of production: communism. In between capitalism and communism there is the dictatorship of the proletariat, a democratic state where the whole of the public authority is elected and recallable under the basis of universal suffrage;[39] it is the defeat of the bourgeois state, but not yet of the capitalist mode of production, and at the same time the only element which places into the realm of possibility moving on from this mode of production.
An important concept in Marxism is socialization vs. nationalization. Nationalization is merely state ownership of property, whereas socialization is actual control and management of property by society. Marxism considers socialization its goal, and considers nationalization a tactical issue, with state ownership still being in the realm of the capitalist mode of production. In the words of Engels: "the transformation [...] into State-ownership does not do away with the capitalistic nature of the productive forces. [...] State-ownership of the productive forces is not the solution of the conflict, but concealed within it are the technical conditions that form the elements of that solution".[40] This has led some Marxist groups and tendencies to label states such as the Soviet Union, based on nationalization, as state capitalist.[15]
"We want to achieve a new and better order of society: in this new and better society there must be neither rich nor poor; all will have to work. Not a handful of rich people, but all the working people must enjoy the fruits of their common labour. Machines and other improvements must serve to ease the work of all and not to enable a few to grow rich at the expense of millions and tens of millions of people. This new and better society is called socialist society. The teachings about this society are called 'socialism'."
-Vladimir Lenin, "To the Rural Poor" (1903); Collected Works, Vol 6, p. 366
Leninism is the revolutionary theories developed by Vladimir Lenin, including the organizational principles of democratic centralism, Vanguardism and the political theory of imperialism. Leninist theory postulates that, with the strongly determined will of the Bourgeoisie to establish Imperialism, socialism will not arise spontaneously through the natural decay of capitalism, and that workers by themselves, who may be more or less sedated by reactionary propaganda, are unable to effectively organize and develop socialist consciousness, therefore requiring the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard organized on the basis of democratic centralism. As a result, Leninism promotes a Vanguard party in order to lead the working-class and peasants in a revolution.
Although the creation of a vanguard party was outlined by Marx and Engels in Chapter II: "Proletarians and Communists" of The Communist Manifesto[citation needed], Lenin modified this position by changing the role of the vanguards to professional revolutionaries, who were to hold power post-revolution and direct the national economy and society in developing world socialism.
After disposing of the Bourgeois dictatorship through socialist revolution, Leninists seek to create a socialist state in which the working class would be in power, which they see as being essential for laying the foundations for a transitional withering of the state towards communism (Stateless society). In this state, the vanguard party would act as a central nucleus in the organization of socialist society, presiding over a single-party political system. Leninism rejects political pluralism, seeing it as divisive and destructive. Instead, Leninism advocates the concept of democratic centralism as a process to ensure the voicing of concern and disagreement and to refine policy. Generally, the purpose of democratic centralism is "diversity in ideas, unity in action."
Marxism–Leninism is a political ideology developed by Stalin,[5] which according to its proponents is based in Marxism and Leninism. It is a promotional term, designed to emphasize a professed relationship to Marxism and Leninism, which is controversial. The term describes the specific political ideology which Stalin implemented in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and, in a global scale, in the Comintern. There is no definite agreement between historians of about whether Stalin actually followed the principles of Marx and Lenin.[41] It also contains deviations from both Marxism and Leninism, such as "socialism in one country".[42][43] Marxism–Leninism was the ideology of the most clearly visible communist movement. As such, it is the most prominent ideology associated with communism.
Marxism-Leninism refers to the socioeconomic system and political ideology implemented by Stalin in the Soviet Union and later copied by other states based on the Soviet model (central planning, single-party state, etc.), whereas Stalinism refers to Stalin's style of governance (political repression, cult of personality, etc.); Marxism-Leninism stayed after de-Stalinization, Stalinism did not. However, the term "Stalinism" is sometimes used to refer to Marxism-Leninism, sometimes to avoid implying Marxism-Leninism is related to Marxism and Leninism.
Maoism is a form of Marxism-Leninism associated with Chinese leader Mao Zedong. After de-Stalinization, Marxism-Leninism was kept in the Soviet Union but certain "anti-revisionist" tendencies, such as Hoxhaism and Maoism, argued that it was deviated from. Therefore, different policies were applied in Albania and China, which became more distanced from the Soviet Union.
Marxism-Leninism has been criticized by other communist and Marxist tendencies. They argue that Marxist-Leninist states did not establish socialism but rather state capitalism.[15] The dictatorship of the proletariat, according to Marxism, represents the rule of the majority (democracy) rather than of one party, to the extent that co-founder of Marxism Friedrich Engels described its "specific form" as the democratic republic.[44] Additionally, according to Engels, state property by itself is private property of capitalist nature[45] unless the proletariat has control of political power, in which case it forms public property.[46] Whether the proletariat was actually in control of the Marxist-Leninist states is a matter of debate between Marxism-Leninism and other communist tendencies. To these tendencies, Marxism–Leninism is neither Marxism nor Leninism nor the union of both, but rather an artificial term created to justify Stalin's ideological distortion,[7] forced into the CPSU and Comintern. In the Soviet Union, this struggle against Marxism–Leninism was represented by Trotskyism, which describes itself as a Marxist and Leninist tendency.
Trotskyism is a Marxist and Leninist tendency that was developed by Leon Trotsky, opposed to Marxism-Leninism and Stalinism. It supports the theory of permanent revolution and world revolution instead of the two stage theory and socialism in one country. It supported proletarian internationalism and another Communist revolution in the Soviet Union, which Trotsky claimed had become a degenerated worker's state under the leadership of Stalin, rather than the dictatorship of the proletariat, in which class relations had re-emerged in a new form.
Trotsky and his supporters, struggling against Stalin for power in the Soviet Union, organized into the Left Opposition and their platform became known as Trotskyism. Stalin eventually succeeded in gaining control of the Soviet regime and Trotskyist attempts to remove Stalin from power resulted in Trotsky's exile from the Soviet Union in 1929. Trotsky later founded the Fourth International, a Trotskyist rival to the Comintern, in 1938.
Trotsky's politics differed sharply from those of Stalin and Mao, most importantly in declaring the need for an international proletarian revolution (rather than socialism in one country) and unwavering support for a true dictatorship of the proletariat based on democratic principles.
Libertarian Marxism refers to a broad scope of economic and political philosophies that emphasize the anti-authoritarian aspects of Marxism. Early currents of libertarian Marxism, known as left communism,[47] emerged in opposition to Marxism–Leninism[48] and its derivatives, such as Stalinism, Maoism, and Trotskyism.[49] Libertarian Marxism is also critical of reformist positions, such as those held by social democrats.[50] Libertarian Marxist currents often draw from Marx and Engels' later works, specifically the Grundrisse and The Civil War in France;[51] emphasizing the Marxist belief in the ability of the working class to forge its own destiny without the need for a revolutionary party or state to mediate or aid its liberation.[52] Along with anarchism, Libertarian Marxism is one of the main currents of libertarian socialism.[53]
Libertarian Marxism includes such currents as Luxemburgism, council communism, left communism, Socialisme ou Barbarie, the Johnson-Forest tendency, world socialism, Lettrism/Situationism and operaismo/autonomism, and New Left.[54] Libertarian Marxism has often had a strong influence on both post-left and social anarchists. Notable theorists of libertarian Marxism have included Anton Pannekoek, Raya Dunayevskaya, CLR James, Antonio Negri, Cornelius Castoriadis, Maurice Brinton, Guy Debord, Daniel Guérin, Ernesto Screpanti and Raoul Vaneigem.
Council communism is a far-left movement originating in Germany and the Netherlands in the 1920s. Its primary organization was the Communist Workers Party of Germany (KAPD). Council communism continues today as a theoretical and activist position within both left-wing Marxism and libertarian socialism.
The central argument of council communism, in contrast to those of social democracy and Leninist communism, is that democratic workers' councils arising in the factories and municipalities are the natural form of working class organization and governmental power. This view is opposed to both the reformist and the Leninist ideologies, with their stress on, respectively, parliaments and institutional government (i.e., by applying social reforms, on the one hand, and vanguard parties and participative democratic centralism on the other).
The core principle of council communism is that the government and the economy should be managed by workers' councils composed of delegates elected at workplaces and recallable at any moment. As such, council communists oppose state-run authoritarian "State socialism"/"State capitalism". They also oppose the idea of a "revolutionary party", since council communists believe that a revolution led by a party will necessarily produce a party dictatorship. Council communists support a worker's democracy, which they want to produce through a federation of workers' councils.
Left communism is the range of communist viewpoints held by the communist left, which criticizes the political ideas of the Bolsheviks at certain periods, from a position that is asserted to be more authentically Marxist and proletarian than the views of Leninism held by the Communist International after its first and during its second congress.
Left communists see themselves to the left of Leninists (whom they tend to see as 'left of capital', not socialists), anarchist communists (some of whom they consider internationalist socialists) as well as some other revolutionary socialist tendencies (for example De Leonists, who they tend to see as being internationalist socialists only in limited instances).
Although she died before left communism became a distinct tendency, Rosa Luxemburg has heavily influenced most left communists, both politically and theoretically. Proponents of left communism have included Amadeo Bordiga, Herman Gorter, Anton Pannekoek, Otto Rühle, Karl Korsch, Sylvia Pankhurst and Paul Mattick.
Prominent left communist groups existing today include the International Communist Party, the International Communist Current and the Internationalist Communist Tendency.
The dominant forms of communism are based on Marxism, but non-Marxist versions of communism (such as Christian communism and anarchist communism) also exist.
Part of a series on |
Anarcho-communism |
Concepts |
Organizational forms |
Anarchist communism (also known as libertarian communism) is a theory of anarchism which advocates the abolition of the state, private property, and capitalism in favor of common ownership of the means of production,[55][56] direct democracy and a horizontal network of voluntary associations and workers' councils with production and consumption based on the guiding principle: "from each according to his ability, to each according to his need".[57][58]
Anarcho-communism differs from Marxism rejecting its view about the need for a State Socialism phase before building communism. The main anarcho-communist theorist Peter Kropotkin argued "that a revolutionary society should "transform itself immediately into a communist society,", that is, should go immediately into what Marx had regarded as the "more advanced," completed, phase of communism."[59] In this way it tries to avoid the reappearance of "class divisions and the need for a state to oversee everything".[59]
Some forms of anarchist communism such as insurrectionary anarchism are egoist and strongly influenced by radical individualism,[60][61][62] believing that anarchist communism does not require a communitarian nature at all. Most anarcho-communists view anarcho-communism as a way of reconciling the opposition between the individual and society.[63][64][65]
To date in human history, the best known examples of an anarchist communist society, established around the ideas as they exist today, that received worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon, are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being brutally crushed by the combined forces of the authoritarian regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend—through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine—anarchist communism in the Free Territory of the Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921.
Christian communism is a form of religious communism centred on Christianity. It is a theological and political theory based upon the view that the teachings of Jesus Christ urge Christians to support communism as the ideal social system. Christian communists trace the origins of their practice to teachings in the New Testament, such as the Acts of the Apostles at chapter 2 and verses 42, 44 and 45:
42 And they continued steadfastly in the apostles' doctrine and in fellowship ... 44 And all that believed were together, and had all things in common; 45 And sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all men, as every man had need.
Christian communism can be seen as a radical form of Christian socialism. Also, because many Christian communists have formed independent stateless communes in the past, there is a link between Christian communism and Christian anarchism. Christian communists may not agree with various parts of Marxism, but they share some political goals of Marxists, for example replacing capitalism with socialism, which should in turn be followed by communism at a later point in the future. However, Christian communists sometimes disagree with Marxists (and particularly with Leninists) on the way a socialist or communist society should be organized.
Some people[who?] have criticized socialism and by extension communism, stating that the two systems would distort or remove price signals,[66][67] slow or stagnate technological advance,[68] reduce incentives,[69][70][71] and reduce prosperity,[72][73] as well as on the grounds of its feasibility[66][67][68] and its social and political effects.[74][75][76][77][78]
Among Western journalists the term 'Communist' came to refer exclusively to regimes and movements associated with the Communist International and its offspring: regimes which insisted that they were not communist but socialist, and movements which were barely communist in any sense at all
Further reading
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Communism. |
Wikisource has original works on the topic: Communism |
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Communism |
Look up communism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |


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Bringing the Thunder to India – Episode #533
September 4, 2008
Gary Vaynerchuk has predicted India will make a big splash on the world wine scene in the next decade, will these 3 wines show that kind of potential?
Having trouble viewing this video? Try the Quicktime version.
Comments on this episode(325) Post a comment ›
- "I've had that shiraz, maybe a diff vintage but i remember that funk an…" by John__J
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Wines tasted in this episode:
2007 Tiger Hill Sauvignon Blanc | ||
2006 Sula Dindori Reserve Shiraz | ||
Chateau d'Ori Cabernet Syrah 2007 |


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Ark Naturals Flea Flicker Makes Your Dog Smell Good!
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Posted by BeckySue on Aug 30, 2013
This product will make your dog smell real good for a couple of days. However, as far as killing fleas it may kill some of them or slow them down for a day or so but it definitely isn't the whole answer to the flea problem. It sure does make your dog smell good though. If you found this review helpful PLEASE click the light green Yes tab by the question "Was this review helpful?"
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MediaInfo Mac
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Full user review
"Very very simple but spectacular"
For anybody who does transcoding, etc., this is a godsend. I had used this on Windows, and was amazed to see it available on the Mac. It does one thing, and it does that instantly: tells you exactly how this video is set up.
None. How could it have a negative?
If you're trying to transcode your video just like the other, this tells you exactly how to set up to do it. If the movie won't play, or won't play audio, this shows you why. Very, very simple, but it lets you peek into any video and tell you what you need.


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Ditmas Park -
- Elevator / Ground Floor: No
- Wheelchair Accessible: No
- Child-Friendly Art: No
- Pet-Friendly Building: Yes
- Strollers Welcome: Yes
Special Instructions
Call 347-365-9574 should there be a problem with the doorbell.
Artist Statement
My pieces are made mostly from recycled paper to which I add paint as well as other materials such as photo-transfers (water-based), graphite and branches. The paper becomes three-dimensional after it is cast over a natural or artificial mold.
Natural and urban environments are integrated in my work to create a new synthesis and understanding of the spaces I inhabit. I want my pieces to raise questions about our relationship and connection to the natural world as well as what we can do to restore it to a more balanced and important place in our lives.
The Guestbook
aesi says: Unique environmentally inspired mixed media sculptures
Glennwolin says: Your work is beautiful, interesting, and so different from anything I have experienced. I love the multi dimensionality.
AttorneyAnne says: Kathy's talent was astonishing. The birch tree was so real, as were a couple of the panels, I kept touching them to see if in fact they were not the nature made instead of artist made. How does someone turn paper mache into a totally like-like object? I am still thinking about her art, every day since the show.
streetecco says: Natural - Forest expressions - Earthy
mikebent1 says: The deceptively simple natural themes are stepping stones to well thought out compositions and originality in juxtaposition of disparate visual elements.
Phure says: I truly love her pieces!!!!


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It sounds like a good opening so I can't waite to see where you go from here. Keep up the good ideas and you'll have no problem with finishing it.
ummm...this is a story i've been working on... hope you like
There is a prophecy that can save the planet Gardina and this
is how it goes:
Evil shall take over the peaceful planet
Gardina and forever rule.Until eight
brave warriors with great courage
and determination stand from the
people.The tie that binds them all
together will decide if there are free
from evil.
Still working on it but there is more i ahve to get finish with it..but there will be more so please wait....
'This world is trash. Cursed by the Fon Master...'
It sounds like a good opening so I can't waite to see where you go from here. Keep up the good ideas and you'll have no problem with finishing it.
Thanks fireandice!!!well i'l write more tomorrow cause i'm almost done with rewriting ch.1
if there are more responds by this afternoon i'll write it today...
'This world is trash. Cursed by the Fon Master...'
Hmm... it sounds ok... same ol' scenario but I'm sure you can make it rock! If you can write such a prophercy (mine usually sucks), then I bet it'll be good! I'm looking forward to reading it!
My recommended fanfic: "Dreamer" by Scourge
sounds like an awesome addititon to a tales series
cant wait for chapter 1
its awesome renn
@Lasura:thanks!!you were the one that inspired me to write so i did thanks!!!!
@Shouichishindo:Thanks but really i've had this story in my head for a while...i got a Tales of Symphonia story right now...i might put that on too.....
'This world is trash. Cursed by the Fon Master...'
nice introduction! to me it sounds like its going to be a great story i cant wait to read more!! =)
Heres the rest.
????:Wow! Master is that true? Will we be free from the evil Communion?
Master: Yes young Trinity. That is what I belive.
Trinity: Do you know who the heros are?
Master: Warriors, Trinity.
Trinity: Well do you know?
Master: This is not the time Trinity. We have more important things to
talk about.
Trinity: What is it?
Master: You know you have sword trained with me since you were little right?
Trinity: Right.
Master: Well i think its time you learn on your own. You have to prepare
for your journey in a few years time...
Trinity: What are you talking about?? What journey?
Sunddenly Trinity's Master starts to walk away.
Trinity: Wait!!!! Master please explain...
Trinity wakes with a start. She looks around. She is in her room.
Trinity: It..was a dream.
Trinity walks over to the window. She opens it.
Trinity: That dream..could it be the start of my journey...
This is the end of ch. 1 Wait til the next ch. next part won't be diolouge...i was being lazy... so 'll write some more in a few days...
Last edited by Renn; Sep 25, 2007 at 07:46 PM.
'This world is trash. Cursed by the Fon Master...'


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About Us
Cows -- Register Red Brangus, Commercial Red Brangus, Embryos
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Check out our 11 registered sale consignments at 'THE EVENT' RED BRANGUS SALE on Saturday MAY 31, 2014 at the WASHINGTON COUNTY FAIRGROUNDS in Brenham, Texas.
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two PAIRS including fancy heifer calfs
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two BRED
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six heifers exposed
to our Superman son herd sire.


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Product #: SED10576_TQPhysical Science: Thomas Alva Edison and the Pioneers of Electromagnetism (Re eBookGrade 4|Grade 5|Grade 6|Grade 7|Grade 8Ships Free!
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Thomas Edison's inventions changed the world. His most famous invention is the light bulb, but he also invented generators and the power grid. Edison holds 1,000 patents-the record for the most new inventions. He even started his own electric company.
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Chapter 22: Reform Financial Aid
In its 2006 report, the Spellings Commission on the Future of Higher Education concluded, "The entire financial aid system—including federal, state, institutional and private programs—is confusing, complex, inefficient, duplicative and frequently does not direct aid to students who truly need it."
The Spellings Commission had it right. There is a bewildering array of financial assistance programs—loan programs, grants, tax free savings plans, tuition tax credits, etc.—each with their attendant problems. Even a reasonably informed student or parent has difficulty knowing more than a small portion of the nuances of the system, and swamped guidance counselors often do not have the time to advise families about all the options. Additionally, there is a huge timing issue. Students typically submit college applications before having any real indication of the amount of expected financial aid. They are applying without really knowing the cost of the program that they would like to participate in.
Additionally, some of the programs encourage cost increases by the college themselves. Tuition tax credits, for example, provide tax savings only if students attend college, increasing the demand for college and thus college prices, defeating some of the benefit of the tax credit. Student loan subsidies in effect vary with the tuition of the school attended, so the government rewards both the schools who increase fees as well as the students who attend them. Each year, tuition fees nationally rise by, say, six percent, so student loan grants for the following year rise by that amount or more. It is probably true to say that the vast increase in student loans is as much a cause as a consequence of the tuition price explosion in modern times.
Much of today's financial assistance is a form of price discrimination –charging customers differing amounts for the same service. Net tuition prices vary substantially from the published "sticker price." While price discrimination actually serves some useful economic purposes, it also causes problems, particularly when students do not know their likely "scholarship" aid at time of application, forcing them to rely heavily on sticker prices. The differential between the sticker and the actual price, as well as the large variation in that differential between individuals, causes student uncertainty and may lead to inappropriate student choices.
Reform of student aid would involve vast reduction in the multiplicity of federal programs, the simplification of the FAFSA form (discussed above), a reintroduction of private competitive servicing of student loans, and moving to vouchering student assistance instead of institutional subsidies (see below). States need to consider when all-merit based award systems that include very high income students are appropriate, given limited resources.
Download the entire chapter (pdf)
Download a summary of the full report, 25 Ways to Reduce the Cost of College (pdf)
View the full report here


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Improving air quality in Poulton - your views needed
Published on Tuesday 15th February 2011
Feedback on plans to reduce pollution in Poulton town centre is being sought by Wyre Borough Council.
A number of measures are being proposed after Chapel Street was identified as an Air Quality Management Area with higher than normal levels of nitrogen dioxide in the air.
Although this does not have an immediate effect on public health, the council is legally required to produce an Air Quality Action Plan showing how it intends to improve the local air quality in the future.
Investigations have shown the main cause to be traffic congestion with the majority of vehicles using Chapel Street as a route to other parts of Wyre.
With this in mind the following eight actions have been drawn up as possible ways forward and to keep traffic flowing:
- Encourage greater use of public transport
- Improve signage to re-direct traffic around Poulton
- Re-direct traffic along Higher Green and Station Road
- Provide off-street parking for Station Road
- Build a relief road through Hardhorn car park
- Restrict the top of Breck Road to buses and taxis only
- Replace buses with a cleaner fuelled fleet
- Stop taxis waiting on Chapel Street
The council is now looking for feedback from the public about each of these and which would be their preferred option. Alternative suggestions will also be welcomed.
Councillor Roger Berry, Cabinet member with responsibility for the environment at Wyre Borough Council, said: "It is clear that major change is the only way to improve air quality in Poulton town centre.
"We need to start taking action as soon as possible, so we have already started discussing a whole raft of suggestions with interested parties to rule out anything that could affect trade in Poulton.
"But at the same time we must consult with residents and take their views into account. All the options must be considered carefully.
"We have eight realistic proposals which we believe will dramatically reduce the congestion and improve air quality."
Feedback is welcome until 28 March 2011. The detailed action plan can be downloaded from the council's website at www.wyrebc.gov.uk/Find/74336 or read at the Civic Centre in Poulton.
Comments can be entered online, emailed to firstname.lastname@example.com or sent to Environmental Protection, Wyre Borough Council, Civic Centre, Breck Road, Poulton-le-Fylde, Lancashire, FY6 7PU.
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Chapel Hill, NC, is a town of partnerships and relationships; between the University of North Carolina and the Town Council, residents and college students and community groups and schools. One such relationship is between the local elementary schools, local government and Go! Chapel Hill Active Living by Design, a national program that helped to facilitate the spread and success of the Active Routes to School program in Chapel Hill.
The Active Routes to School program began in 2004 with the efforts of parents from Ephesus Elementary School. After seeking help from the Chapel Hill Town Council, several parents from Ephesus Elementary coordinated a parent-led neighborhood audit, in which volunteers trained by Chapel Hill town staff assessed safety within the neighborhood surrounding Ephesus Elementary during the week of Oct. 4, 2004. The parent group also conducted student and parent surveys at the school to assess student physical activity levels and modes of student transportation. With the assistance of Go! Chapel Hill Active Living by Design, the parents were able to express their concern to the Chapel Hill Town Council, which resulted in the installation of six crosswalks at key locations around Ephesus Elementary.
From there, the program began to take hold at the local elementary schools. Currently, six schools participate in Active Routes to School. The SRTS activities offered as part of Active Routes to School include Walking Wednesdays and an Activity Calendar. With the program, there are two levels of SRTS distinctions – the Active Schools program and the Active Routes to School program. Active schools are those schools that participate in some of the SRTS programs., and Active Routes to School for schools participating in all of the offered SRTS programming.
The Active Routes to School program has resulted in a number of successful programs and infrastructure improvements in Chapel Hill schools. Walking Wednesdays, implemented in 2005, still help to encourage students to walk to school each Wednesday. The Walking Wednesdays run from the beginning of the school year through October and again from March until the end of the school year. During one Walking Wednesday program, principals in Chapel Hill schools reported the number of children walking to school increased by almost 350 students. Active Routes to School also organizes and promotes International Walk to School day in all six participating schools.
Another documented success is the Activity Calendar program, which allows middle school students to track their daily physical activity on a classroom calendar. This program is a classroom challenge, and the classrooms with the most participants and the highest amount of physical activity win a prize. In 2006, Estes Hills Elementary reported a near 100 percent participation from every student in every grade. Since then, other schools have seen an increase in participation in the Activity Calendar.
Len Cone
Active Living by Design/Go! Chapel Hill
405 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd. Chapel Hill, NC 27514-5705


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Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Censuses of each area were taken on a week-by-week basis. Positions of territorial males of both species of birds were plotted on the maps. By observing and following each male, a fairly accurate outline of his territory could be drawn on the map. In this way accurate censuses could be obtained for each species in each area. A careful record was also kept on the mated status of each male. Thus, a week-by-week sex ratio could be calculated. Areas of territories were computed by tracing their outlines with a compensating polar planimeter.
Identification of individual birds was aided by the use of color bands which were placed on the legs of captured birds. Birds were captured in mist nets by Roger Packard. Birds that were not banded could usually be identified (in the case of dickcissels) by size and shape of the characteristic throat patch and often by song. Unbanded redwings were difficult to identify on the basis of physical appearance or song patterns, but in most cases there were not enough birds on the study area to make identification a problem. Females were generally not identified individually. Observations were simply made on the number of females occupying each male's territory.
Oldfield vegetation heights were collected during one census at the peak of dickcissel density. Measurements were made with a 2-meter stick at each point of the grid. Heights could then be categorized by observing in which territory they fell.


text: Parameter Tree: EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > GEOMORPHOLOGY > FLUVIAL LANDFORMS/PROCESSES Definition: Fluvial is a term that indicates a relation to stream processes. It is also a comprehensive term for river processes. Reference: Adapted from: The Dictionary of Ecology and Environmental Science. Henry W. Art, Editor. Henry Holt and Company: New York. 1993. |


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Aug 10 | StarTrek.com reports on Thursday's screening of STAR TREK II: THE WRATH OF KHAN at the American Cinematheque in Los Angeles; Nicholas Meyer and Harve Bennett were among the panel guests.
Aug 09 | Jeri Ryan tells TV Guide she should've made her film debut in the Steve Martin film PLANES, TRAINS AND AUTOMOBILES but her funny bone got her a pink slip.
Aug 09 | PEOPLE Magazine recommends William Shatner's latest book I'M WORKIN' ON THAT in its review. (Thanks to TrekToday for this)
Aug 09 | TrekBrasilis reports that ENTERPRISE will make its Brazilian premiere September 7th @ 9 PM on cable channel AXN.
Aug 09 | Cinescape gives the STAR TREK II DVD an "A" in its full review.
Aug 08 | Day two in Vegas with Koenig, Takei, Dawson, McNeill and various guest actors at StarTrek.com.
Aug 07 | Another new report on Day One of last weekend's Las Vegas "Real Deal" convention now at Trek Nation.
Aug 07 | ST2 and ST6 director Nicholas Meyer has penned the script for an upcoming TV movie based on New York mayor Rudy Giuliani according to StarTrek.com.
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First Plot Details for "Shockwave, Part II" Reveal Clues to Archer's Destiny (SPOILERS)
Typhon Station is a very fastpaced PBeM RPG with skilled, experienced players and a warm sense of bonding and community. We play at the turn-of-the-century, 2400, and are located in the Typhon Expanses, bordering the Neutral Zone, proximate to the Romulan Empire, and near the Iconian Digs, and are on the first warning route of the original Borg Incursion. We have three stations to post from, SB 185, USS Odyssey, and USS Wraith. They all have general and particular storylines and all interact. This game is not for the faint of heart! The writing is superb and comes hot and heavy. We have some open spots and also we will consider character suggestions. So, longtime RPGers and novices, check us out. See if you want to make Typhon Station your home away from home.(0 comments | Add)
Come join a Star Trek PBeM adventure of a lifetime. Be a part of the crew and family that is the USS Wraith as we seek out new life and new civilizations.(0 comments | Add)
TrekWeb has received the first information on the second season premiere of ENTERPRISE, "Shockwave, Part II". In this exciting finale to the first season finale, the story picks up on Earth of the 31st century and has some interesting surprises in store.
According to our source, Archer and Crewman Daniels visit a human camp while searching for a library. Women in the camp show confusion when Daniels asks them where a monument is that he's looking for. After a moment he realizes the truth: the monument was never built.
Archer is curious and asks Daniels what he's looking for. The mysterious time traveller tells him that he brought Archer to this point in time in order to protect the future, not cause these disastrous results. He informs Archer that the monument stood for a Federation, that doesn't exist in the captain's timeline yet.
Daniels doesn't elaborate further and the two proceed to search for the library. But the data is all stored electronically and Archer quickly learns from the inhabitants' confused responses that there is no electricity -- and they don't seem to understand why Archer is surprised to see all the destruction surrounding them.
The two men reach a large building in disrepair. As they ascend a staircase we see a huge rotunda structure, with floors upon floors of bookshelves. Daniels doesn't understand why there are paper books in this building, they shouldn't be there he insists. Archer suggests looking through some of them to discover clues as to the fate of history.
Meanwhile on the bridge of the Enterprise, the Suliban and Silik have boarded the ship. Silik recovers the discs stolen from the Suliban ship and forces Hoshi to admit that they hadn't had time to copy them. A new Suliban officer, Raan, emerges from the turbolift and tells Silik that Archer isn't there. Silik interrogates T'Pol about Archer's knowledge of the Temporal Cold War and she tells him that Archer was last seen entering the turbolift.
Silik detects a temporal signature in the lift and surmises that perhaps the crew isn't lying. He orders Trip to disable all ship's systems except engineering and the bridge. For now, the crew must comply and the NX-01 moves away at impulse with the enemy vessels.
The Enterprise docks with the Suliban helix and Silik and Raan attempt to contact their commander from the future in the echo chamber. Silik becomes concerned when he will not respond and Raan suggests that perhaps he is angry that they did not retrieve Archer. Raan suggests destroying the Enterprise to complete their original mission but Silik insists that Archer has travelled in time and they need new instructions. They cannot raise the FutureGuy and Raan again says they should destroy the Enterprise. Silik orders Raan to bring him T'Pol.
In the 31st century, Archer and Daniels read books on the floor of the dark, dusty library. Archer says he hasn't found a single reference to a Federation and Daniels says he shouldn't expect to -- after all, the captain wasn't there. Archer regards the notion that his disappearance could change history dubiously.
Reed is in his quarters when Hoshi appears outside -- topless (covered with arms). Moments later, as two Suliban officers harrass T'Pol in the corridor, Trip and Reed drop from the ceiling and take them out with hyposprays. In Trip's quarters the officers agree on a dangerous course of action.
Later, Silik tries making contact with the future informant, Trip mounts a coup in engineering. Trip rigs an explosion that immobilizes several Suliban soliders coming to investigate engineering -- Trip has set a warp core reactor breach.
Silik orders the Enterprise away from the Helix as he continues working with a glowing device in the Helix chamber, Raan commanding the Suliban operation on the Enterprise. Suliban ships begin towing the NX-01, nacelles trailing plasma exhaust, away from the helix. Meanwhile, Silik's work with the strange glowing device seems to pay off as a figure begins to materialize on the platform.
Please keep in mind that this information is based on early and incomplete portions of the script for the episode and much can and is likely to change by the time the episode airs. The story is � 2002 Paramount Pictures. All Rights Reserved.
React to this story below and then see what others are saying about this topic at the STAR TREK BBS.
See Also: STENTERPRISE.com
See what others are saying about this topic at the STAR TREK BBS.
Aug 10 - "A Night In Sickbay" Completes Short Production, Will Include Phlox Visual Effects
Aug 09 - First Plot Details of the Klingons' Return in New Episode "Marauders" (SPOILERS)
Aug 09 - Activision Producer Talks STARFLEET COMMAND III In Extensive New Interview
Aug 09 - Michael Westmore Talks Reman Makeup Innovation and Tom Hardy's Unique Prosthetics (SPOILERS)
Aug 09 - "Vox Sola" Aliens to Return in Season Two, Plus ENT Cast Members in Las Vegas
Aug 08 - Variety: Nov/Dec Shaping Up to be "Holiday Season From Hell," NEMESIS in Thick of It
Aug 08 - Sean Patrick Flanery Joining Piller's DEAD ZONE as Politician 'Greg Stillson'
Aug 07 - Day Two in Vegas: Mulgrew, Braga, Shatner, Nimoy, Takei, Koenig, Nichols
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Jul 26 - STAR TREK II: THE WRATH OF KHAN - The Director's Edition Arrives Next Month and We've Reviewed This Highly-Anticipated DVD Release!(33 comments)
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Zoe Slim Boot Cut Pants in LOFT Bi-Stretch
Zoe Slim Boot Cut Pants in LOFT Bi-Stretch
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text:
Prayer Circles
Read Prayers. |
javadic 10/29/2002 23:41 |
I also pray for the salvation of those who do not believe. I especially pray for the salvation of those, like my father's people, the Native Americans, who often do not believe because of the damages done to them as a people in the Name of Christ. Tanqui, Amen |
annaeh 5/13/2003 21:56 |
Lord God, Gracious Father, I pray daily that you will come into the lives of those around me. If it is your will, use this woman to bring your word to the people that cross her path. Use us, your children, to spread your love and forgiveness, that others may feel your peace and joy in their lives, and let us be fulfilled in knowing we have done good. Please Lord come into Josh's heart and life, lead him on your path, lead him away from the immediate sinful pleasures and into your eternal salvation. I love you with all my soul, In your name, Amen. |
Has problems James J 02/12/2008
My Uncle Dennis Worthington 02/12/2008
My marriage Kat Mounce 02/12/2008
A good friends mother, who has cancer everyone who needs prayer universal 02/12/2008
Pray for Michelle and Carlos N. 07/08/2008
"This prayer is to help us sell our home."
Pray for Donald H. 07/07/2008
"The love of my life has cancer."
Pray for Amanda B. 07/06/2008
"Please pray for my daughter and her unborn child."
Pray for Janice A. 07/05/2008
"One of my most favorite people in the whole world needs your prayers today. Please spread this and include Janice in your daily prayer."
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text:
Kristen made WAY more than Rob this year after starring in 'Snow White And The Huntsman' — do YOU think it will make their relationship more difficult?
Kristen Stewart and Robert Pattinson are two of the hottest actors around, but K-Stew officially topped Rob as the higher-paid in their relationship!
Kristen, 22, was just named the highest-paid actress in Hollywood by Forbes. Her $34.5 million dollar haul puts her above all others, and we TOTALLY think she deserves it!
Meanwhile, Rob, 25, is worth just $26.5 million, according to the magazine. He's makes way less money than his girlfriend!
We're guessing they still get along though, given that they can definitely both pick up the check at dinner. Besides, blockbuster movie roles aren't really Rob's style!
Who do YOU think is better at acting, HollywoodLifers?
– William Earl
More Kristen:
- Kristen Stewart's 'SWATH' Syndey Premiere Look: Get Her Exact Makeup
- Kristen Stewart Pulls A Red Carpet Sneaker Swap & Wears Converse — AGAIN
- Kristen Stewart's Pantsuit — Is It Edgy Chic Or Too Dressed Down?
View Comment
Posted at 1:32 PM on June 20, 2012
Posted at 10:33 AM on June 20, 2012
Kristen might made more this year, but Rob has much offering on movies. He is offer moives left and right. Right now his plate is full. I cannot imagine how Kristen is the highest paying actress. I have seen all her moves, her acting is lacking somewhere and its monotonous. Beside we are only in the middle of the year, where's this numberss coming from, Rob movies is not out yet. If their relatioinship is base on how much each earned, they don't need a relationship, they need a score card, so I can say to any hollywood couple.
twilight ture fan
Posted at 10:39 AM on June 20, 2012
Andrew West
Posted at 9:13 AM on June 20, 2012
if they let something like this get in the way, and ruin their relationship then they are weak. i am sure this won't bother them. she has been higher than him on the forbes list a few times. in fact i just got done reading somewhere that she was once number five, and he was lower.
as a man i like to have a woman that has a little power. not some weak damsel in distress, or someone that has to lean on me for 100% of their power.
kristen is okay. she's got money, smarts, the looks, and great common sense. she is one of few actresses out there that are herself. she isn't running around spending her money on stupid things like some actors do. she doesn't use robert like arm candy. they seem to respect each other.
i think they will be fine.
Posted at 8:24 AM on June 20, 2012
As she should be,Kristen is the only actress of her generation that stay true to herself,she doesn't succumed to the pressure of hollywood the skinnier the better look.Look what happen to Emma whats her last name ,the one thats on PR with Andrew Garfield,shes so skinny now you can't hardly recognize her anymore,Miley is nice but on her way to being so skinny too,Kristen is the only healthy ones thats left in hollywood with her real parts intact,thats why shes getting a lot of movie offer,good for her.I don't think how much they make matter to them that much or will cause any problem to their relay,as they're both down to earth people and don't care much for the luxury of life their position has to offer.
Posted at 6:41 AM on June 20, 2012
she is one ugly tw4t.her face always looks like she smelled shyt.her acting is atrocious.she has the body of a 10 yr old boy.she tries so hard to be a bad azz but shes not.what a lil spoiled cun for saying and i quote"seeing picture of me in the magazines is like exactly like being RAPED".really it is?!?!so your telling us pics of you in magazines are worst than a person forcing u to have sex and not know if your going to live or not?grow up and be more sensitive.
eye roll
Posted at 6:54 AM on June 20, 2012
Posted at 7:26 AM on June 20, 2012
Posted at 8:52 AM on June 20, 2012
Posted at 6:35 AM on June 20, 2012
Posted at 3:40 AM on June 20, 2012
Posted at 3:55 AM on June 20, 2012
Posted at 6:55 AM on June 20, 2012


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Boston Celtics Victor Series Watch
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text:
Victoria native leads award-winning architecture program
By DIANE GASPER-O'BRIEN
A Victoria High School graduate quickly is building an impressive resume.
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By DIANE GASPER-O'BRIEN
A Victoria High School graduate quickly is building an impressive resume.
A university architecture and design class taught by Jenny Kenne Kivett has won the top prize in the Charles E. Peterson Prize competition, a contest for college students established to award the top set of drawings in preservation of historic buildings in the United States.
Kivett, a 1999 graduate of VHS, now is an assistant professor in the School of Architecture and Design at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette. She led her students to first place in the annual prestigious Peterson Prize competition, in its 31st year.
Louisiana-Lafayette had participated in the competition for several years and has earned honorable mention recognition.
However, this is the first time for the school to finish in the top three.
The competition is held in the spring semester, and Kivett was in her first year at Lafayette last year and her fifth overall of teaching at the university level.
Kivett had won a prestigious architecture education award for her senior thesis at the University of Kansas.
But the Peterson Prize has special meaning.
"It's really exciting for me as a teacher to see my students do well," Kivett said. "I was very proud of my thesis work. But it's different as a student; you're being directed. Now, it's exciting and rewarding to see that I've directed students in a way that they can be successful."
Kivett's class created drawings of the Alexandre Mouton House in Lafayette, built in the early 1800s and home to Louisiana's first Democratic governor of Louisiana.
First place in the Peterson Prize competition is awarded $3,000, while second place was $2,500 and third was $2,000.
Second place was a drawing of Fenwick Hall at Johns Island, S.C., while third was the Illinois Supreme Court Building. The University of Minnesota received honorable mention for its drawing of the Gesu Catholic Church.
Kivett -- whose focus at Lafayette is teaching foundation design studio and drawing courses -- and two of her students were honored Friday in an awards ceremony in Scottsdale, Ariz.
These are exciting times for Kivett, the daughter of Linda Kenne, superintendent of Victoria USD 388.
Besides her recent professional success, Kivett and her husband, Joel, are expecting their first child in January.
"This was all pretty surprising," Kivett said of the Peterson Prize. "(Last year) was the first time I taught the class, so it was a large learning curve for me. And it was the first time for all my students to do the drawings. I'm really proud of them ... really exciting."


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Cheap Home Decor: Crafting with Paper
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Felt Covered Wire Hangers
These cute Felt Covered Wire Hangers from Heather Valentine would be great for a little girl's closet...or even your own closet! Decorative hangers are easy to make and also make great gifts for the girl who has it all!
- Old wire hangers
- Tape
- Felt or polar fleece
- Needle & thread
- Starting with two wire hangers, tape them together in a couple of places. This is just to keep them stable while you are covering them later.
- Then cut a strip of felt 1″ wide by the length of your hanger. *Be sure to measure all along the outside of your hanger and around the curve. Mine measured 42″ but yours might be different.
- Starting at the inside edge, wrap the felt around and blanket stitch in place. Continue to pinch and stitch all the way around. Clip end into a point, fold back and stitch the end in place. Bury your knot.
- To create flowers, I cut circles from the felt. Then, I cute in a spiral pattern; leaving a round circle as the base.
- Starting at the long end of spiral, wrap the strip around a pencil and hot glued in place.
- Attach flower to hanger. You can attach with needle and thread or glue gun. Your choice.
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you could also take a long, thin strip of fabric and just wrap it around the hanger then sew or glue in place. havent tried this yet but looks cute! i would only decorate a little around the hook so you can put chlothes on it. be crafty!
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Bagpiper for "Fighting 69th" a fount of traditionStory and photo by Spc. J. Princeville Lawrence, 42nd Infantry Division Public Affairs
NEW YORK – Clear. Simple. Piercing. The sound of the bagpipe is unmistakable. It's also a familiar sound for the Soldiers of the 1st Battalion, 69th Regiment: the sound of Joe Brady, the regimental pipe major, playing the Garryowen.
"I do a lot of bag piping, but one of my favorite roles is to be pipe major for the regiment. It's steeped in tradition there, and I really think I'm contributing to some of the long-standing traditions there, whether that be the St. Patrick's Day Parade, or a change of command ceremony, or a dinner."
Joe Brady, regimental pipe major for the 1st Battalion, 69th Infantry Regiment, plays the bagpipe at change-of-command ceremony at the 69th Regiment Armory in New York, N.Y. Brady has played bagpipe for the regiment for 22 years at parades, ceremonies, and dinners.Brady has been working with the regiment for more than 22 years, playing the 69th's regimental tune, the Garryowen, an ancient tune befitting the its instrument. "It's an ancient instrument," Brady said of the bagpipe. "It's one tube, one column, with holes in it, and by covering up those holes I can make nine notes."
"I simply blow into the bag. I blow and squeeze so the air goes out of the stocks," Brady said. "You've got the three pieces that go over my shoulders, those are called the drones. That provides that constant hum sound in the back."
Brady, who learned the bagpipes from his father, said the very sound of the bagpipes is enough to reach the hearts of even the toughest of men. "I will admit that at times I can anticipate that as soon as I hear a bagpipe it's gonna bring forth the tears," Brady said. "It's an instrument that can stretch that emotional spectrum.
"Sometimes, even if I don't know the deceased, you might see the children or the grandchildren of the deceased, and you recognize, even looking at you, that they see a bagpipe and you know they're going to react to it," said Brady, who estimates he plays at least a hundred events a year, between weddings, funerals, festivals and military engagements. "It doesn't bother me so much because I recognize that music is important at these types of things."
Brady said has seen a lot of weddings and funerals over his years, and he's seen a lot of change of command ceremonies too. "I've had to pleasure of working with so many commanding officers," Brady said. "And I've maintained relationships with most of them."
For the Soldiers he plays for, it's a boon to have Joe Brady play his bagpipe, an honor, even. "He comes to our events voluntarily," said Lt. Col. John Andonie, who was in charge of the "Fighting 69th" for two years. "This man could easily perform at national level events and get paid big bucks for it, but he comes and volunteers to support us. He brings so much life and color to our ceremonies."
Brady, however, insists the privilege is his. "I just want to honor the troops," he said, "and I'm fortunate that I'm able to contribute as a bagpiper. I didn't have to go to combat, and I very much respect those that have. Again, it's humbling when they want pictures with me. It should be the other way around. My playing at the 69th makes me feel good."