text:
Editor's Introduction:
Anti-Mormon Writings: Encountering a Topsy-Turvy Approach to Mormon Origins
George L. Mitton, associate editor
He always conceived every subject on so comprehensive a scale,
that he had not room in his head, to turn it over
and examine both sides of it.
Washington Irving1
Surely your turning of things upside down shall be
esteemed as the potter's clay: for shall the work say
of him that made it, He made me not?
(Isaiah 29:16)
Some have inquired as to why we devote so much space in response to anti-Mormon literature. Would that we could confine ourselves to discussions of positive things, but the negative ones are troublesome to some, and we think that they demand attention. It is our experience that a careful consideration of such writings is instructive and that the faith always comes out better understood and strengthened. Nevertheless, in this issue we offer essays on a remarkable range of subjects, including several of interest on some very positive works and developments. I will mention these briefly and then discuss some important general matters regarding anti-Mormon writings, helping to explain why we feel a need to study and respond to them.
Some Congenial Things
I first take note of the essay by Benjamin N. Judkins on the status and quality of Book of Mormon apologetics—those many and extensive writings that have been prepared in defense of the faith. He describes these achievements modestly, and doubtless more could be said, but he gives a useful overview of the remarkable work and findings of those who have sought to improve our knowledge of the Book of Mormon, while impressively defending its doctrines, background, and historicity in ways the anti-Mormon press has seldom attempted to refute. His essay provides a useful summary for those who seek to learn more.
Kevin L. Barney calls our attention to a new "Reader's Edition" of the Book of Mormon, attractively edited by Grant Hardy. M. Gerald Bradford reviews an important new book of Latter-day Saint scholarship that treats the final hours of the life of Christ. Gaye Strathearn discusses a new scholarly work on the concern of the early Christians about salvation for the dead, which should be of interest to Latter-day Saints. Nathan Oman provides the results of his research on the term secret combinations, showing that its use in the Book of Mormon likely has a much broader meaning than the interpretation of some who have held that it was a reference only to Freemasonry—a narrow view that can result in misunderstandings of the Book of Mormon and a failure to appreciate its broad insights. John A. Tvedtnes offers a review of a book regarding Chinese discovery of America, raising the question of relevance to an understanding of Lehi's voyage.
John W. Welch introduces us to an important new translation and commentary on the Book of Enoch (known as 1 Enoch). Since the discovery of this ancient work in Ethiopia and the study of it, together with related texts that have come to light, scholars have regarded it with growing interest, recognizing its importance in studying the theology of ancient Israel, its influence on the New Testament, and its help in understanding the meaning of early Christianity.2 Latter-day Saints should be particularly interested because of its significance to revelations received by Joseph Smith. Welch discusses this with obvious excitement, which I share, and points the way for further study and understanding.
Responses to Anti-Mormon Writings—or ad Hominem Attacks?
We have included several responses to writings that are clearly anti-Mormon. I will not detail them all here, as readers can scan the contents and find what interests them most. What does anti-Mormon mean? Davis Bitton has written a thoughtful piece for us on "Spotting an Anti-Mormon Book." Some authors, even of virulent attacks on the church, nevertheless complain when we use the term anti-Mormon because they claim to "love the Mormon people." This despite the fact that they do their best to undermine our faith and the faith of our youth, vilify the prophets whose memory we hold dear, dishonor our scriptures, and trample on things that are sacred to us and thereby violate some of our most tender feelings. Most of their arguments have been given reply by the Saints, but they are repeated over and over as though no reply had ever been made. There is a sameness to this literature, but occasionally a new approach comes along. As a perceptive writer once remarked, "new errors, as well as new truths, often appear."3
Frequently, our answers and responses are given the silent treatment. We then have reason to suspect that writers or publishers find it difficult to reply to our findings. Oftentimes an attempt is made to respond by complaining that our essays are ad hominem attacks on the writers and their reputations, rather than efforts to cope with their arguments. These claims are usually made on the Internet.4 It has even been asserted that ad hominem is our "stock in trade." We have come to expect this sort of thing whenever we go to press. This is, of course, an attempt to render our arguments ineffective by destroying our reputation. It is an ad hominem attack on us that fails to answer our arguments. I am not aware of an author ever being discussed in our Review where there is not also a discussion of his or her writing. But some say we should not discuss writers at all—merely treat their work. This is not practical and would be unfair to our readers in many instances.
Why do we discuss authors? Frequently, some discussion is helpful when it brings out an author's past work, experience, training, or known attitudes that might affect competence or preparation to deal with a subject. An example appears in Craig L. Foster's review of Jon Krakauer's work in this issue. Prejudice and past known viewpoints can also place in perspective a writer's purpose or motives. Sometimes our reviewers are dealing with books that are outrageous, and they are understandably outraged and find it difficult to maintain a moderate tone. As editors, we have often used our red pencils to tone down a discussion when troublesome writings are under consideration. FARMS has received mail from many parts of the world—persons often express concern that they don't have information on a writer that might help them assess the validity of a work in question. Our own editor, Daniel C. Peterson, receives telephone calls with questions of that sort from far and near. I think that we would be derelict if we failed to provide such information when we have it and when it appears needed for a better understanding.
The Anti-Mormon "Concatenation"
Since the earliest days of the church, Latter-day Saints have found it necessary to confront anti-Mormon writings. Indeed, Joseph Smith recalled a spirit of sectarian persecution from the time, as a lad, when he first began to mention his visionary experiences—well before the church was organized (Joseph Smith—History 1:21-25, 28, 60). Extant early newspaper articles displayed a great spirit of ridicule and animosity toward him during and about his youth. These early articles tended to be written from a secular point of view. One must search for any favorable comments on religion generally as Joseph Smith is discussed. Intellectually, these writers were a cut above the rest of us commoners, readily recognizing superstition and charlatanry as rumors passed by. Joseph, and the church after it was organized, soon learned the truth of the remarkable prophecy by the angel Moroni, made in Joseph's great obscurity, that his "name should be had for good and evil among all nations, kindreds, and tongues, or that it should be both good and evil spoken of among all people" (Joseph Smith—History 1:33).
In 1839, while languishing in Liberty Jail, Joseph Smith had occasion to reflect on the persecutions being heaped on him and his people. He recognized the role of anti-Mormon publications in contributing to this distress. In his review of these things, which has since been canonized, Joseph spoke of "libelous publications," "libelous histories," and of a "concatenation," or linked series of things, motivated by the adversarial spirit. He saw a need for the Saints to gather up these things and make adequate response to them—a response that should "be attended to with great earnestness" (D&C 123:4-7, 14). In replying to anti-Mormon writings, we try to be sensitive to these considerations.
Let me touch here on the origin of this kind of writing. There is a linked chain in anti-Mormon literature, going back to Joseph Smith's youth. Many writers have slavishly followed the early lead in their assessment of Joseph's character and conduct, and arguments made then are repeated holus-bolus to this day. It first began with newspaper writers in Palmyra and western New York. Probably the most influential, writing from a secular viewpoint, was Abner Cole, editor of the Palmyra Reflector. In a series of articles, Cole lampooned Joseph and the Book of Mormon unmercifully, first using as a basis some pirated sheets from the printer's office. He did this even before the Book of Mormon came off the press—and continued well after its publication.5 Much of what he wrote appears foolish today—and should have then. Still, his columns appear to have had great influence in the formation of a negative opinion about Joseph and his work. Recently I took occasion to read through the file of the Palmyra Reflector, and I encountered ample indications of the significant role of newspapers in forming public opinion at the time. Many could not afford newspapers, but friends and relatives would save stacks of them and pass them on—sometimes to many families. I believe that Cole's severe satirical writings were important in forming unfavorable views among Joseph's contemporaries. Many derogatory claims about Joseph and the Smith family are found in his pieces and other newspapers of the time and were substantially repeated by people in later statements and "affidavits."
Perhaps we should give some slack to the people of Palmyra and western New York when we think about their reaction to Joseph and his unusual claims and doings. After all, "Can there any good thing come out of Nazareth?" (John 1:46); "Is not this Joseph's son?" (Luke 4:22); and "No prophet is accepted in his own country" (Luke 4:24; cf. Matthew 13:54-57). They could not foresee or appreciate the remarkable results of Joseph's work and struggles, nor did they begin to comprehend the meaning of his experiences and the exceptional things happening to him when he lived in their midst. Their eyes could not "see afar off" (Moses 6:27). But if they deserve some slack, what shall we say of the anti-Mormon writers today, who should have the benefit of nearly two centuries of hindsight, yet still call in question Joseph's character and veracity by putting so much stock in the shabby collection of anti-Mormon comments and documents, often taken from the rumors, gossip, secondhand recollections, ill-informed opinions, and general hearsay of the time? The early critics had blinders, but should writers continue to wear them today, confining themselves to the narrow vision of that early period when considering Mormon origins?
Opposition to Joseph appears to have had sectarian roots, but the first written opposition appears to have been largely secular. This secular hostility seems to be an important source of the statements and affidavits also. Sectarian writers have produced the most anti-Mormon literature, but they have not been shy in using secular arguments and efforts when it suits their purpose.6 Note the comments of an observer just a century ago. Nels L. Nelson, a Latter-day Saint writer, complained of the "sins of the clerical profession against the Mormons" and held that it was "their prejudiced views and mistaken zeal that have propagated the hundreds of lurid 'Mormonisms Exposed,' which have come to be as necessary as narcotics to many good people." He found that "our confidence in them is shattered, by the way in which they misrepresent us,—from mere fragmentary and often misquoted passages."7 He thought the remarkable fact that "hatred (of Mormons) can temporarily unite sects which love (of Christ) has never hitherto brought together, ought at least to raise a small doubt as to the real source of the inspiration."8
This situation is still the same today—one need merely examine the nature of books written against us found in the "cults" section of many bookstores. There appears to be moderation in the tone of a few of these writings, which is appreciated. However, the sectarian attack remains undiminished, and professional anti-Mormons still press "their ardent need of funds for the 'Mormon Crusade'" as they did in 1904.9 Recently, alert readers of the Review will have noticed a growing need to respond to anti-Mormon writings deriving from the secular/agnostic/atheist wing rather than sectarian sources. This trend may continue, corresponding to the growing and obtrusive secularization of the society around us. From Louis Midgley, we have an investigative essay about Signature Books.10 With its tendentious agenda, it appears to us that it is the publishing house that is far and away producing the most anti-Mormon literature of this genre.
On Taking Hurlbut and Howe Too Seriously
The first anti-Mormon book was published in 1834 in Painesville, Ohio (near Kirtland), by Eber D. Howe, editor of the Painesville Telegraph. Bearing the title Mormonism Unvailed, it was an attempt to discredit the reputation of Joseph Smith.11 It has been responsible for much harm, despite its serious flaws, and has been used to the present by countless anti-Mormon writers as a foundation for their argument against the Prophet. Today, it should be clear that much in Howe's book is discredited and should be used only with the greatest caution and with a warning to readers of the remaining questions about its reliability. Alas, such warnings seldom appear.
Mormonism Unvailed used two basic thrusts against Joseph. Howe felt the first was the more important and featured it in the subtitle of his book. This was the charge of plagiarism, in which he alleged that the historical parts of the Book of Mormon were derived from an old manuscript by Reverend Solomon Spalding. Supported by statements of persons who claimed to remember details of the manuscript, it was a difficult argument for the Saints to answer until the manuscript was discovered in 1884.12 Aside from a very few diehards, nearly all scholars today have rejected the theory and do not see any meaningful connection between the manuscript and the Book of Mormon.
Howe's second thrust has proved more enduring but should still be viewed with great suspicion. This concerns the statements or "affidavits"13 collected by Doctor14 Philastus Hurlbut, a Mormon excommunicated for immorality, who visited Palmyra and vicinity in 1833 to obtain information against Joseph Smith on behalf of an Ohio anti-Mormon committee.15 The committee's charge to Hurlbut was to
obtain information that would show "the bad character of the Mormon Smith Family," divest Joseph of "all claims to the character of an honest man," and place him at an "immeasurable distance from the high station he pretends to occupy." To accomplish his task, Hurlbut traveled in Ohio, New York, and Pennsylvania collecting statements disparaging to the Smith name.16
Recently, Dale W. Adams has summarized Hurlbut's Palmyra efforts as follows:
Hurlbut spent a month or more in Palmyra giving anti-Mormon lectures and securing anti-Smith statements. A reading of these statements suggests that most of them were collected at lectures given by Hurlbut, supplemented by talks given by local ministers who were critical of Joseph Smith, Jr. . . .
In evaluating these statements it must be recognized they were not assembled from a random sample of people who knew the Smith family. It would not have been in Hurlbut's interests to seek statements that were neutral or complimentary to the Smiths. His rhetoric and the histrionics of the local ministers who helped him certainly fostered, or at least reinforced, negative testimonials by those who attended the anti-Smith meetings organized by Hurlbut in Palmyra.17
From the beginning, Latter-day Saint writers have challenged the Hurlbut-Howe statements and affidavits on several grounds. Briefly, they appear to contain selected rather than random comments; they often appear to be hearsay and gossip rather than a reflection of firsthand knowledge; they appear to be coached to conform to a pattern, often using similar language; and in the absence of original documents, they may have been edited or "doctored" by Hurlbut or Howe. Sometimes they would have required remarkable memory of the purported detail of Joseph's doings or the alleged exact words of his conversation. For the most part, I am inclined to agree with the Saints' negative assessment of the statements. I still feel today much as Robert C. Webb expressed it when he reviewed these things long ago and wondered why critics could not "perceive the essential rottenness of the favorite theories on the origin and significance of Mormonism, and the utterly contemptible character of the 'evidence' upon which they are based."18
In 1990, Signature Books published a book by Rodger I. Anderson that attempted to rescue the Hurlbut-Howe and other similar statements from the ravages of Mormon sophistry.19 There was a long line of Latter-day Saint writings in opposition to the statements and affidavits.20 Anderson's book is useful in providing in the notes a substantial bibliography on the past discussion of the issues and brings together copies of many of the statements in question. But it is with great skepticism that I receive Anderson's conclusion that the affidavits "must be granted permanent status as primary documents relating to Joseph Smith's early life and the origins of Mormonism."21 What is certain is that they are of great importance as primary documents related to the development of anti-Mormonism.
So far as I can find, Rodger Anderson did not attempt to defend the statements Hurlbut obtained to bolster belief in the Spalding theory of the origin of the Book of Mormon—statements appearing in Mormonism Unvailed.22 For obvious reasons he appears to maintain a prudent silence about them since supporting them would give credence to a theory now almost universally rejected by students of Mormon origins. Dan Vogel, who has done extensive work on compiling and publishing documents that he sees as bearing upon Latter-day Saint history, totally excludes the Spalding statements, holding that they "shed no light on Mormon origins."23 Some may think that these statements are not comparable to the Palmyra documents, but they are surely comparable in many ways. Both sets of documents are found only in the same book. Both sets were gathered by Hurlbut and on their face raise the question of coaching or editing. They also would have required persons to perform herculean feats of memory, even recalling the twenty-year-old Spalding manuscript as having specific Book of Mormon names in it, among other details, which somehow had vanished when the manuscript was later discovered. Surely these considerations raise serious questions about Hurlbut's methodology and his procedure in promoting both sets of documents on behalf of an Ohio anti-Mormon committee.
Soon after Anderson's book was published, Latter-day Saint responses appeared.24 Even allowing for any misunderstandings in a complex subject, many questions remained about these documents. Moreover, another study of consequence soon appeared that raised deep questions about the honesty of statements in the documents.25 Donald L. Enders tested the claim—appearing like a leitmotif in several affidavits and other sources—that Joseph and the Smith family were a lazy, shiftless lot. Enders summarized the claims: The Smiths "were 'lazy,' and 'indolent.' One neighbor claimed that the Smiths' 'great objective appeared to be to live without work,' while another said, 'It was a mystery to their neighbors how [the Smiths] got their living.' Some even asserted that the Smiths had no legal claim to [their] property but were mere 'squatters.'"26 Enders used a fresh approach to determine whether these claims of laziness were true. Daniel C. Peterson has summarized his approach and findings:
Working from land and tax records, farm account books and related correspondence, soil surveys, horticultural studies, surveys of historic buildings, archaeological reports, and interviews with agricultural historians and other specialists—sources not generally used by scholars of Mormon origins—Enders concludes that, on questions of testable fact, the affidavits cannot be trusted.
The Smiths' farming techniques, it seems, were virtually a textbook illustration of the best recommendations of the day, showing them to have been, by contemporary standards, intelligent, skilled, and responsible people. And they were very hard working. To create their farm, for instance, the Smiths moved many tons of rock and cut down about six thousand trees, a large percentage of which were one hundred feet or more in height and from four to six feet in diameter. Then they fenced their property, which required cutting at least six or seven thousand ten-foot rails. They did an enormous amount of work before they were able even to begin actual daily farming.
Furthermore, in order to pay for their farm, the Smiths were obliged to hire themselves out as day laborers. Throughout the surrounding area, they dug and rocked up wells and cisterns, mowed, harvested, made cider and barrels and chairs and brooms and baskets, taught school, dug for salt, worked as carpenters and domestics, built stone walls and fireplaces, flailed grain, cut and sold cordwood, carted, washed clothes, sold garden produce, painted chairs and oil-cloth coverings, butchered, dug coal, and hauled stone. And, along the way, they produced between one thousand and seven thousand pounds of maple sugar annually. "Laziness" and "indolence" are difficult to detect in the Smith family.27
What then should we conclude about the reliability and usefulness of the Hurlbut-Howe materials? Are there elements of truth in them? Of course, for some things are known from other sources. Some things Joseph himself said were part of his experience. But what of the very ugly tone and the serious question of exaggeration and extravagant claims about him? At the beginning of his book, Anderson boils down the claims against Joseph's character:
In affidavit after affidavit the young Smith was depicted as a liar and self-confessed fraud, a cunning and callous knave who delighted in nothing so much as preying upon the credulity of his neighbors. A money digger by profession, Smith spent his nights digging for treasure and his days lounging about the local grocery store [there's that laziness again!] entertaining his fellow tipplers with tales of midnight enchantments and bleeding ghosts, the affidavits maintained.28
The bitter spirit of the affidavits shows through, even in this summary. Their intemperate tone is of great significance to me. I am led to conclude that these documents are of questionable value or reliability in trying to fill out details in the life of young Joseph. And they are even more doubtful in assessing his character and true motivations, for the people of New York did not begin to understand him. In an insightful finish to his book, Rodger Anderson concludes:
Nondescript and of little consequence until he started attracting others to his peculiar blend of biblical Christianity, frontier folk belief, popular culture, and personal experience, Joseph Smith was an enigma to his incredulous New York neighbors. For them, he would always remain a superstitious adolescent dreamer and his success as a prophet a riddle for which there was no answer.29
Will we today ever master the riddle—the so-called "prophet puzzle"—if we confine ourselves to the western New Yorkers' myopic and topsy-turvy opinions of young Joseph?
Studying Joseph Smith's History "Right Side Up"
If we are to make progress in understanding the young Joseph Smith, it appears that we must give much closer attention to his own explanation and that of his close associates. After all, he knew more about it than anyone else. Much still awaits our consideration. Some have assumed that he did not reply to Mormonism Unvailed, or could not reply, but that is far from the truth. Rodger Anderson notes that "to defuse the potentially explosive documents, Smith read them aloud at public meetings, denouncing them as the work of Satan."30 But it is the written response that is even more important, and much has survived that can help put the Hurlbut-Howe statements in perspective.
In the church periodical the Messenger and Advocate, published at Kirtland, Ohio, Joseph Smith's close associate, Oliver Cowdery, undertook to prepare and publish "'a full history of the rise of the church' in an effort to counter the distorted reports that had circulated."31 It appeared concurrently with Howe's book in 1834 and was specifically intended to be a response to it and like challenges. The history took the form of a series of letters from Cowdery to W. W. Phelps. Oliver noted that "our brother J. Smith jr. has offered to assist us."32 To help at the outset, Joseph prepared a strong statement regarding his youthful behavior:
During this time, as is common to most, or all youths, I fell into many vices and follies; but as my accusers are, and have been forward to accuse me of being guilty of gross and outragious violations of the peace and good order of the community, I take the occasion to remark, that . . . I have not, neither can it be sustained, in truth, been guilty of wronging or injuring any man or society of men; and those imperfections to which I alude, and for which I have often had occasion to lament, were a light, and too often, vain mind, exhibiting a foolish and trifling conversation.
This being all, and the worst, that my accusers can substantiate against my moral character, I wish to add, that it is not without a deep feeling of regret that I am thus called upon in answer to my own conscience, to fulfill a duty I owe to myself, as well as to the cause of truth, in making this public confession of my former uncircumspect walk, and unchaste conversation: and more particularly, as I often acted in violation of those holy precepts which I knew came from God. . . . I do not, nor never have, pretended to be any other than a man "subject to passion," and liable, without the assisting grace of the Savior, to deviate from that perfect path in which all men are commanded to walk!33
Oliver Cowdery published his own forceful defense of Joseph Smith's character. In a statement that apparently alludes to the Hurlbut-Howe claims, he says:
[Joseph] passed the time as others, in laboring for his support. But in consequence of certain false and slanderous reports which have been circulated, justice would require me to say something upon the private life of one whose character has been so shamefully traduced. By some he is said to have been a lazy, idle, vicious, profligate fellow. These I am prepared to contradict, and that too by the testimony of many persons with whom I have been intimately acquainted, and know to be individuals of the strictest veracity, and unquestionable integrity. All these strictly and virtually agree in saying, that he was an honest, upright, virtuous, and faithfully industrious young man. And those who say to the contrary can be influenced by no other motive than to destroy the reputation of one who never injured any man in either property or person.
While young, I have been informed he was afflicted with sickness; but I have been told by those for whom he has labored, that he was a young man of truth and industrious habits. And I will add further that it is my conviction, if he never had been called to the exalted station in which he now occupies, he might have passed down the stream of time with ease and in respectability, without the foul and hellish tongue o[f] slander ever being employed against him. It is no more than to be expected, I admit, that men of corrupt hearts will try to traduce his character and put a spot upon his name: indeed, this is according to the word of the angel; but this does not prohibit me from speaking freely of his merits, and contradicting those falsehoods.34
Oliver's mention of the "word of the angel" alludes to the instruction and warnings given to Joseph Smith by Moroni, which appear in remarkable length and detail in the Cowdery letters and had to have been given to Oliver by Joseph himself. In this account, the angel is quoted as warning Joseph that "the workers of iniquity will seek your overthrow: they will circulate falsehoods to destroy your reputation."35
Moroni and the Ritual Life of Joseph Smith
Many insights regarding Joseph Smith's early life and conduct are suggested by the angel Moroni's instruction as contained in the Cowdery letters. His instruction bids us to reflect on theological meanings and implications ignored by secular critics. From these enlightening essays, it is apparent that Joseph Smith was paced through special experiences to give him understanding essential to his future work and calling. Here I would observe that because of his prophetic calling and the things he was commanded to do, the arranged circumstances of his unique environment, and the resulting reaction of others and the opposing spiritual power, Joseph Smith was required to live a richly symbolic life—a ritual life, if you will. I say required because, if faithful to his calling, he would be forced through the pattern in many designed circumstances that he could not arrange or control. This is best seen by comparing his life with other prophetic figures whose lives have significant common elements or motifs, and especially with Christ, who was the great exemplar. Striving to understand the meaning behind the symbolic things Joseph exemplified can be a lifetime quest but very instructive indeed. Certainly Joseph Smith's neighbors did not begin to understand. Nor would I expect our agnostic-atheist detractors to grasp the significance of these subtleties either since they have already chosen to shut themselves off from an appreciation of transcendent things as obvious as the sun. But those who share our knowledge of the reality of spiritual forces—both good and ill—will recognize the supreme importance of such matters.
The ritual pattern is broad indeed, and I can only touch on two or three elements here. However, they are important ones in helping us to understand the meaning of Joseph's early experience. Surely the first one, which we have mentioned above, would be that of rejection by those who knew him in his youth, followed by contrasting acceptance later by many believers. Latter-day Saints are reminded of this pattern in the life of Christ when they sing in Parley Pratt's cherished hymn: "Once rejected by his own, Now their King he shall be known."36
Another important element is suggested by a passage in the Lectures on Faith that were given in Kirtland: Jesus "was exposed to more powerful contradictions than any man can be."37 Surely Joseph Smith was exposed to "powerful contradictions" when his young mind was troubled over greatly contrasting thing—a dilemma he faced of which his neighbors were oblivious or unaware. His attempt to meet this challenge, whether apt or not, can help explain some of the unusual things Joseph did.
A most significant feature in Joseph's early life that meets us very strongly in Moroni's instruction as recorded in the Cowdery letters, and in Joseph's own histories, is the element of temptation. Some years ago, while reading Bousset's noted study of Christ, I was struck with his comment on the Savior's temptation. Citing similar "schemata" in the lives of other prophetic figures, he noted that the New Testament relates "the prehistory of the hero before his public appearance according to a definite schema; the hour of illumination is followed by the hour of temptation."38 Jesus's illumination occurred at baptism, when the Father's voice was heard and the Holy Ghost descended. This was followed with temptation by the devil in the wilderness. I was then strongly impressed that this basic pattern, illumination followed by temptation, is also a most significant element in the life of Joseph Smith.
Following the illumination of Joseph's marvelous first vision, he confesses that he "was left to all kinds of temptations; and, mingling with all kinds of society, I frequently fell into many foolish errors, and displayed the weakness of youth, and the foibles of human nature; which, I am sorry to say, led me into divers temptations, offensive in the sight of God" (Joseph Smith—History 1:28). When the angel Moroni instructed him, he "added a caution to me, telling me that Satan would try to tempt me (in consequence of the indigent circumstances of my father's family), to get the plates for the purpose of getting rich" (Joseph Smith—History 1:46).39 In his earliest history (1832), Joseph said that after the first vision he "fell into transgressions and sinned in many things which brought a wound upon my soul and there were many things which transpired that cannot be writen and my Fathers family have suffered many persicutions and afflictions."40 In that early history, Joseph explained that he "had been tempted of the advisary" to seek the plates for riches and that Moroni had explained that he was "left unto temptation that thou mightest be made acquainted with the power of the advisary therefore repent and call on the Lord."41
This last point from Moroni in Joseph's earliest history (1832)—that the process of temptation is instructive—is also given emphasis by Moroni as related in the Cowdery letters. Oliver Cowdery summarizes this concept, as it applied to Joseph Smith, as follows:
You see the great wisdom in God in leading him thus far, that his mind might begin to be more matured, and thereby be able to judge correctly, the spirits. . . . God knowing all things from the beginning, began thus to instruct his servant. And in this it is plainly to be seen that the adversary of truth is not sufficient to overthrow the work of God. . . . In this, then, I discover wisdom in the dealings of the Lord: it was impossible for any man to translate the book of Mormon by the gift of God, and endure the afflictions, and temptations, and devices of satan, without being overthrown, unless he had been previously benefitted with a certain round of experience: and had our brother obtained the record the first time, not knowing how to detect the works of darkness, he might have been deprived of the blessing of sending forth the word of truth to this generation. Therefore, God knowing that satan would thus lead his mind astray, began at that early hour, that when the full time should arrive, he might have a servant prepared to fulfil his purpose.42
Much additional instruction appears in these letters about the training of Joseph Smith to discern between the influences of the two spiritual forces.
Joseph Smith's Environment and the Two Powers
My thoughts here are suggested by Oliver Cowdery's observation, reiterated by him elsewhere, that "two invisible powers were operating upon the mind of our brother while going to Cumorah."43 The basic concept is that all persons are influenced by both the good and evil powers or spirits and must learn to judge, discern, and make choices between them. The doctrine is prominent in the Book of Mormon, especially in Lehi's teaching of the necessity that there be an "opposition in all things" and that God has given man to "act for himself," which requires that he be "enticed by the one or the other" (2 Nephi 2:11-16). The two powers are real, not imaginary, although the Book of Mormon says that it would come forth at a time when the devil would whisper "in their ears" that there is no devil (2 Nephi 28:22).
What has this to tell us about the environment in which Joseph did his work? There would be persons around him who were strongly influenced by God, and others by the devil—with most showing varying degrees of both. There would be things remaining from the two influences in the past, whether it be, for example, in traditions, institutions, literature, or other things. How would these affect perceptions about the restored gospel? Some things would bear witness of the coming restoration, and other things were planted to embarrass the new revelation and cause confusion. Many have thought they could judge Joseph Smith's work by comparing his revelations or teachings with ideas found in the environment, and when they find similar ideas, think that is the source of them rather than revelation. This is a mistaken assumption, for it is not necessarily so. It is interesting to find such correspondences, but even if everything had its counterpart somewhere in the environment, that still would not prevent God from revealing things to Joseph, calling him to a work, giving him authority and direction, and helping him discern what in the environment is sound and what is not. This simple truth seems to have escaped many anti-Mormon writers.
Latter-day Saints have often seen the hand of God in preparing for the restoration, whether it be in the Protestant Reformation, aspects of the Renaissance, or the development of free government to make possible freedom of religion. Perhaps we should be more aware of things the evil power has done to prepare the groundwork for his opposition to the restoration. Surely the devil is capable of long-range planning. Joseph was confronted by such things, as are we today. It is the duty of everyone today to strive to discern between the two spirits.
Editor's Picks, by Daniel C. Peterson
In accordance with tradition, and on behalf of the FARMS Review, I now offer my rating of some of the books discussed in the present issue of the Review. My (inescapably subjective) evaluations emerge from personal examination of the books, coupled with a reading of the relevant reviews and after conversations either with the reviewers or with those who assist in the production of the Review. The final judgments, however, and the final responsibility for making them are mine. Here is the scale that I use in this rating system:
**** Outstanding, a seminal work of the kind that appears only rarely
*** Enthusiastically recommended
** Warmly recommended
* Recommended
Of the books treated in the present issue of the FARMS Review, we feel that we can recommend:
**** Richard Neitzel Holzapfel and Thomas A. Wayment, eds., From the Last Supper through the Resurrection: The Savior's Final Hours
*** Grant Hardy, ed., The Book of Mormon: A Reader's Edition
*** George W. E. Nickelsburg, 1 Enoch 1: A Commentary on the Book of 1 Enoch, Chapters 1-36; 81-108
*** Jeffrey A. Trumbower, Rescue for the Dead: The Posthumous Salvation of Non-Christians in Early Christianity
I wish to thank all those who have made this latest number of the FARMS Review possible. Shirley S. Ricks, the Review's production editor, keeps us focused and on track, edits with talent and insight, and actually does most of the real work. She is indispensable. My two capable associate editors, Louis C. Midgley and George L. Mitton (author of a fine introduction), devoted many very valuable hours to improving the content and presentation of the essays. I deeply appreciate their judgment and helpfulness. Alison V. P. Coutts, assistant executive director and director of publications for BYU's Institute for the Study and Preservation of Ancient Religious Texts, the parent organization of FARMS, carefully read through the entire contents of the Review, offering useful comments and suggestions. Angela Barrionuevo, Julie Dozier, Emily Ellsworth, Paula Hicken, Marshelle Papa, Linda Sheffield, Sandra Thorne, and Elizabeth W. Watkins assisted with source checking, editing, and proofreading. Jacob Rawlins consulted on typesetting issues, and the actual typesetting was done by Mary M. Rogers. To all of them, and most especially to the reviewers and authors in this number of the FARMS Review, I offer my sincere thanks.


text:
Big ideas start here
CSIRO aims to establish and build relationships with members of the community. We welcome people of all ages to come and explore our facilities, holiday programs and public events.
Phone: 1300 363 400
Email: email@example.com
CSIRO, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, is Australia's national science agency and one of the largest and most diverse research agencies in the world.
Large-scale, long-term, multidisciplinary science to address Australia's major national challenges and opportunities.
CSIRO manages national facilities and collections that are opened to researchers around Australia and overseas.
Screen view of the Vegmachine software.
Land and vegetation monitoring is now available to land managers on their own properties, based on more than a decade of research and experience in analysing remotely-sensed (satellite) data for monitoring land condition.
CSIRO technology is helping individual land managers to see and quantify historical changes on their properties.
Satellite imagery, carefully processed, provides unique information on where and when the country has changed, at a scale and detail relevant to individual properties and remnants.
In combination with local expert knowledge of land and management history, this information provides a powerful tool to assist with understanding, decision-making and communication of land management issues.
The key is delivery of the image and monitoring data to land managers in their own operating environments.
Vegmachine™ is a software tool that delivers this data in an easy-to-use form.
With data prepared for their properties and minimal training, land managers can use Vegmachine™ to track changes over time and relate these to management and climate history.
The technology is applicable to grazed rangelands and to native vegetation management.
The Vegmachine™ software utilises the expertise of CSIRO in analysis of remote sensing (satellite) data, and builds on the experience of:
Underlying the system is a database of consistently-processed time series imagery and summary products. Core functions of the software are the display of:
The user can query the image time series to produce and compare graphical plots of time trends for selected points or areas.
Areas of positive and negative changes are readily indentified.
In combination with their own expert knowledge, this data allows land managers to use historic cover change information to assist with understanding, management and communication of land management issues. Vegmachine™ uptake has exceeded expectations, with the software and products now in use on commercial grazing properties in:
Vegmachine is also being used by conservation agencies in southern Australia and in overseas projects.
Learn more about CSIRO's work in Environmental informatics: strength in numbers.
Research Scientist
Phone: +61 8 9333 6292
Email: email@example.com
Program Leader, Data Science
Phone: +61 2 6216 7157
Email: email@example.com
Leeuwin Centre 65 Brockway Road
Floreat WA 6014

subset: commoncrawl


text:
October 14, 2009
By Darla Martin Tucker
RIVERSIDE, Calif. – ( www.lasierra.edu )Southern California musicians Jennie, Ellen and Julie Jung have traveled the world engaging audiences and winning awards with acclaimed performances on piano, violin and cello. This Saturday night at 7 p.m. the sisters will bring their trio of musical talents to La Sierra University with a performance in Hole Memorial Auditorium. They will play works by Beethoven, Piazzolla and Mendelssohn.
The Jung Trio's Oct. 17 concert is part of the Department Chamber Music Series. Tickets are general admission, $10, seniors, $5, and family admission, $20. Children age 12 and under are free. The university is located at 4500 Riverwalk Parkway, Riverside. A campus map is at http://lasierra.edu/index.php?id=981.
The sisters have performed in recitals in New York, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, Detroit, Connecticut, Ohio, and Indiana. Following a series of successful concerts at the Kumho Art Hall in Seoul, South Korea, the Kumho Cultural Foundation invited the trio in 2003 to give a recital tour of Kenya and Mauritius, where it was the first musical group ever to perform at the United Nations (UNEP) in Nairobi, according to a biographical account. Additional highlights of past performances include recital tours of South Korea, a performance of the Beethoven Triple Concerto with the State Symphony Orchestra of Tatarstan in Kazan, Russia, in Los Angeles with the Korean Symphony Orchestra, and with the Taejon Symphony Orchestra in Taejon, South Korea.
In July the sisters made their European debut with performances in Berlin, Germany and at the Mozarteum in Salzburg, Austria. The trio also released this summer through Groove Note Records, a compact disc of Antonin Dvorak's Piano Trio in F minor.
The Jung Trio's numerous awards include winning the Grand Prize at the 2002 Yellow Springs Chamber Music Competition in Yellow Springs, Ohio, and the Bronze Medal at the 2002 Fischoff Competition in South Bend, Indiana. The trio was featured as Young Artists International Debut Artists in 2007 at the 10th International Laureates Festival in Los Angeles and also made their debut at Walt Disney Concert Hall.
Their recent performances have included return engagements for the Los Angeles County Museum of Art "Sundays Live" series and "Music in The Mansion" in Beverly Hills.
The Jung sisters were born and raised in Toronto, where they received their early music training as scholarship students in the Young Artist Performance Academy at the Royal Conservatory of Music. Early in their career the trio performed extensively throughout Canada and won top awards at numerous events including the Canadian Music Competition, Kiwanis Music Festival and the CIBC National Music Festival. Canadian Broadcasting Company radio and television, CJRT Radio, CFMT Television, TV Ontario, KBS Radio, and EBS Radio have broadcast the group's performances.
Jennie Jung, who plays piano with the trio, made her performance debut at age 11 with the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra. She has performed in North America, Asia and Europe, played with many orchestras and symphonies and served on staff for the Aspen Summer Music Festival and other events. In May 2008 she earned a Doctor of Musical Arts from The Julliard School in New York City.
Cellist Julie Jung has performed throughout world as a soloist and as a member of her family's trio. She has soloed with the Toronto Symphony, the Canadian Chamber Academy, the State Symphony of Tatarstan, the Korean Philharmonic and other orchestras and symphonies. She has performed with iPalpiti in the International Laureates Festival in Los Angeles since 2007 and appeared with the ensemble in Carnegie Hall, New York, Walt Disney Concert Hall, Los Angeles and at the Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts in Philadelphia. She earned a Master of Music degree from the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston and completed studies at the Yale School of Music in the Artist Diploma program.
Ellen Jung, violinist and recipient of numerous scholarships, has performed around the globe as a soloist, chamber and orchestral musician. She has been featured with the Korean Philharmonic, the North York Symphony Orchestra, the Republic of Tatarstan Symphony and other orchestras. A frequent performer of new music, Jung played the world premiere of the Trio for Horn, Piano and Violin by Norwegian composer Trygve Madsen. Jung received a Master of Music degree and an Artist Diploma from the Yale University School of Music respectively in 2001 and 2002.
PR Contact: Larry Becker
Executive Director of University Relations
La Sierra University
Riverside, California
951.785.2460 (voice)


text:
RWU Law offers a joint JD and master's degree in marine affairs with the University of Rhode Island. Only 3 law schools in the U.S. offer such a joint degree.
Fast Facts
Health Insurance
Dear Law Students:
In our ongoing focus on ensuring that all students enrolled in the Roger Williams University School of Law have access to a strong array of healthcare options, we would like to provide you with some important information on how we offer and administer health insurance for law students. While health insurance for law school students is optional we strongly recommend that all students carry health insurance, whether through an existing plan, or this RWU plan.
Student Health Insurance (Optional)
Law students enrolled at RWU Law may purchase health insurance through RWU's Student Health Insurance Plan. The University researched available products with the dual goal of making this coverage both comprehensive and affordable, and we are pleased to offer an accident and sickness insurance plan for $1,189 for 12 months of coverage. This cost is comparable to (and in many instances less than) the plans offered by most other schools. Details on the plan can be found here: www.rwu.edu/go/insurance.
RWU Law students who wish to enroll in this plan may purchase this insurance directly through CHP at www.rwu.edu/go/insurance.
On-Campus Health Services (Optional)
Regardless of a student's enrollment in the RWU Student Health Insurance Plan or another plan, law students have the option of purchasing access to on-campus Health Services. Detailed information on Health Services can be found at www.rwu.edu/campus-life/health-counseling.
Regardless of a student's enrollment in the RWU Student Health Insurance Plan or another plan, law students have the option of signing up for the optional Roger Williams University Health Services for an annual fee of $360, which entitles the student to services available at the Health Service Clinic, located on campus in the Center for Student Development. Health Services provides a variety of routine medical services including well-visits, vaccinations and laboratory services. The Health Services Fee does not cover all costs associated with office visits and additional fees will be incurred for lab work, x-rays, prescriptions and referrals. Therefore a current insurance card must be on file at Health Services to facilitate direct insurance billing or bills for these services will be directed to the responsible party.
Student Health Service is open 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Monday thru Friday.
After hours, emergency care is provided through Newport Hospital, Rhode Island Hospital or Bristol County Medical Center.
Students who do not enroll in University Health Service may not access the University Health Services Clinic but may use their private insurance to seek care at area walk-in clinics or private physician's offices.
For more information, see the Roger Williams University Health Services Office online.
Want more information?
- To obtain more information about the RWU Student Health Insurance, please go to www.rwu.edu/go/insurance
- For information about Health Services at RWU, visit is http://www.rwu.edu/campus-life/health-counseling/health-services or contact Karen Lebreux at (401) 254-3156


text:
Very few travelers make their way to Capiata when visiting Paraguay. Travelers visiting the area might want to check out some more popular nearby destinations. Know something about Capiata? Help us out and add your favorite places to this Capiata travel guide.
Travel Tips from people who've been to Capiata
Viva Capiatá!!
Hay la iglesia linda y todo.. El super España!!
Me encanta Capiatá! Vamos ahí... Good tip? (+1) Ask a travel question about Capiata
Bradt Travel Guides
Related Links
Travel insurance from Worldnomads.com


text: This cutie slut travelled all the way from Brazil to jumpstart her pornstar career as a hot teen model. We met her at the park, showing up in her pink rollerblades and looking ultra sexy. With her petite frame and perfect top-model curves, she is sure to win the hearts of many guys. We brought her in for interview and checked out her fantastic goods and she has great smoking hot body. After introducing her to the man who will pound the hell out of her fuckholes, she didn't even flinch. She was ready for the real hardcore action. We've got nice sets of this teen hot models pictures in our galleries and more featuring fresh faced sluts in softcore and hardcore action. Check it out!


text:
PAA Affairs
Date: Thu, 6 Jul 1995 12:16:36 GMT
From: email@example.com
Subject: PAA Affairs
Date: Wed, 5 Jul 1995 09:32:02 -0400 (EDT)
From: Michael Zimmerman <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Subject: PAA Affairs online
(Link active 8 July 2004)
PAA Affairs, the official newsletter of the Population Association of
America, is now available over the Internet via WWW and gopher. The
purpose of PAA Affairs is to report to PAA members news of the
Association in particular and of the profession in general. The
newsletter includes updates on:
* grants and fellowships
* research awards and competitions
* a demographers' employment exchange
* new data and publications available
* new demography resources on the Internet
The Spring 1995 and Summer 1995 issues are available via WWW at
(Link inactive 8 July 2004)
and via gopher from gopher.pop.psu.edu under /library/PAA_Affairs.


text:
hsc0296_01a |
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Philada 3. mo 4. 1807.
Yes! dear Henry, not only when I am sitting in the parlour by myself, but almost at all other times do I think of thee - and of my dear Francis & William too! Your idea is so interwoven with my existance that I know not when it is, I do not think of you. And if this were not so, still there are so many objects which by the power of association of ideas, as it is called in philosophy - are so continually reminding me of you, that your images could not be long absent from my mind. I might almost say - innumerable are the mementos that call you up to my mental view! The Peach Tree when I look out of the Nursey Window, still kept from straying & drawn closer home by the chord of love fastened on it by thy own hand, the Rose-bush, the Amor. adulis &c. when I direct my view from the back parlour. Your letters almost in every corner the house - pictures - maps - nay the very pidgeons that fly round us, and the looks of the two dear little folks at home; every book that I read either pleasing or instructive, and a thousand etceteras. perpetually bring you to my thoughts. But why the question? and whence it otherwise? What a forlorn feeling must thou have had! it pained me to think of it! The most distant shadow of doubt on such a subject - must be sufficient to produce a heart-ach - for surely the diminution of parental interest & affection, must to a truly filial dispositon be one of the most heart-rending sorrows on earth! No, No, my son, this, I trust will never be our Case - but I am surpriz'd at what thou say'st about my writing - Have I not written several Letters lately? Pray inform me
Object Description
Rating | |
Identifier | hsc0296 |
Title | 1807 March 4, to Henry |
Date | 1807-03-04 |
Creator | Cope, Mary Drinker, 1766-1825 |
Recipient | Cope, Henry, 1793-1865 |
Gender of Author | F |
Age of Author | 40-50 |
Identified People |
Cope, Henry, 1793-1865 Cope, Francis, 1794-1816 Cope, William D. (William Drinker), 1798-1873 |
Unidentified People | Dr. John Thomas |
Subject |
Family Love Letter writing Parental influences Books Chemistry--Study and teaching Study skills |
Language | English |
Watermark | Y |
Embossing | N |
Repository | Haverford College Special Collections |
Source | MS Coll 1170 |
Online Finding Aid | http://www.haverford.edu/library/special/aids/copeevans/ |
Rights | Copyright Notice: Please be aware that materials you find here are governed by U.S. copyright law, and that to reproduce them for any purpose other than study may be a violation of federal law. If you wish to reproduce materials for any other reason, please contact Haverford Special Collections for permission at email@example.com. |
Display Format | image/jpeg |
Institution | Haverford College |
Department | Haverford College Quaker and Special Collections |
Collection | Cope - Evans family papers, 1732-1911 |
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text:
Skip to main content
Pulmonary Hypertension AssociationMidwest Chapter8770 W. Bryn Mawr, Suite 1300Chicago, IL 60631Phone: 855-932-7255Fax: 855-932-7254
Geoff Gephart comes to the Pulmonary Hypertension Association with over 15 years of nonprofit experience. Geoff has had the pleasure of supporting a variety of social and medical missions including the USO, homelessness, brain tumors, the developmentally disabled and the Boy Scouts of America. Geoff has an undergraduate degree from Arizona State University and a Masters of Public Administration – Non Profit Management from Roosevelt University. He is from the Chicago land area and currently lives in the northwest suburbs with his wife and two children.
Marcie joins PHA with a background in event management for sporting and entertainment venues including Soldier Field and the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tennessee. Her experiences have given her the opportunity to work with many different people in exciting environments. Originally from the Chicago area, she is happy to be back in her home state. Marcie loves to spend time with family and friends attending sports and entertainment venues for new experiences and ideas. She is excited to be a part of the PHA team, has fun engaging people to ensure they have a great time and enjoys being a part of that process.
Colleen is graduate from Southern Illinois University Edwardsville and started her career at the American Cancer Society in St. Louis. Colleen has experience working with several nonprofits such as, the Alzheimer's Association St. Louis Chapter, Children's Miracle Network of Greater St. Louis, St. Jude Hospital and The Alpha Phi Foundation. Colleen is excited to start planning and executing special events while gaining support for the PHA throughout the Midwest! She is eager to be back in the Chicagoland area with friends and family!
Rebekah is a recent graduate from North Park University in Chicago. She graduated with a Bachelor's Degree in Communication Arts and as a Certified Nonprofit Professional. Rebekah has previously worked with other area nonprofit organizations including Bear Necessities and Twist Out Cancer. Rebekah is joining PHA eager to share the stories of her grandpa and other family members who have had and are still living with pulmonary hypertension.
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Aurora kinase A (also called STK15 and BTAK) is overexpressed in many human cancers. Ectopic overexpression of aurora kinase A in mammalian cells induces centrosome amplification, chromosome instability and oncogenic transformation, a phenotype characteristic of loss-of-function mutations of p53. Here we show that aurora kinase A phosphorylates p53 at Ser315, leading to its ubiquitination by Mdm2 and proteolysis. p53 is not degraded in the presence of inactive aurora kinase A or ubiquitination-defective Mdm2. Destabilization of p53 by aurora kinase A is abrogated in the presence of mutant Mdm2 that is unable to bind p53 and after repression of Mdm2 by RNA interference. Silencing of aurora kinase A results in less phosphorylation of p53 at Ser315, greater stability of p53 and cell-cycle arrest at G2-M. Cells depleted of aurora kinase A are more sensitive to cisplatin-induced apoptosis, and elevated expression of aurora kinase A abolishes this response. In a sample of bladder tumors with wild-type p53, elevated expression of aurora kinase A was correlated with low p53 concentration. We conclude that aurora kinase A is a key regulatory component of the p53 pathway and that overexpression of aurora kinase A leads to increased degradation of p53, causing downregulation of checkpoint-response pathways and facilitating oncogenic transformation of cells.
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Poem: 'From an Abandoned Villanelle'
Hugh Haughton
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Vol. 28 No. 18 · 21 September 2006 » Hugh Haughton » Poem: 'From an Abandoned Villanelle'
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text:
Current Time
Schiffbaustrasse 4
Tel: 44 258 7071
view web site ›
Tel: 44 258 7071
Concierge.com's insider take:
This cool glass box inside the Schiffbauhausthe old shipyard building that's an entire neighborhood-within-a-neighborhood in hip Zurich Westis not just for design fiends, though they certainly helped put it on the map. The food is serious, Italianate, and fish-centric (vitello tonnato; broiled giant shrimp with green curry), but there's also plenty for carnivores (including horsemeatpopular round herein port wine jus) and for vegetarians. Good wine and long cocktail lists, a cigar menu, and a 25-foot-long communal table help keep the pretensions down and the gemütlichkeit up.
User Reviews
write a review ›BEEN HERE? TELL US WHAT YOU THINK
Be the first to write a review of Lasalle Restaurant and share your tips with the Concierge.com community.


text:
Encyclopedia Brown and the Mysterious Presidency of George W. Bush
- Posted by Johanna on August 14, 2006 at 10:35 pm
- Category: Minicomics
Thanks to Lea Hernandez, I found out about this promo piece for an upcoming humor book that uses the well-remembered children's series to parody politics. She illustrated it, you see, and she does quite a good job, capturing both the simplicity of the Encyclopedia Brown books and the idiocy of George Bush.
Author John Warner's style is to craft simple paragraphs in the style of the original material and then end them with a zinger. For instance, from the introduction:
In his spare time, Encyclopedia ran a detective agency out of his garage with Sally Kimball, his junior partner. Sally was the prettiest girl in the fifth grade and the toughest, too. She was the only person who could stand up to Bugs Meany, Encyclopedia's arch enemy and the leader of the local gang, the Tigers. Sally's parents wondered if she might be a lesbian.
This booklet contains two stories. The first is "The Case of the Supreme Court Showdown", in which Encyclopedia goes to Washington to try to prevent Bugs Meany from stealing a fair resolution to the 2000 election. The second, which doesn't appear in the actual book, is "The Case of the Million Little Lies", about plagarism and a fictional memoir.
The only Hernandez piece is the cover, sadly — I'd like to have seen more of her work. Read this sampler yourself as a PDF preview (link no longer available).
6 Responses to "Encyclopedia Brown and the Mysterious Presidency of George W. Bush"
- John Platt Says:
August 14, 2006 at 10:59 PMSeems to me like the read Encyclopedia Brown author would be a bit upset. Parody doesn't mean using the exact same name.
- Johanna Says:
August 14, 2006 at 11:18 PMI don't know Donald J. Sobol's feelings, but I think there's precedent for using other people's characters in books like The Wind Done Gone.
- Lea Says:
August 15, 2006 at 1:11 AMI actually did eighteen interior illustrations as well, and they're totally going to be worth the wait and the $10.
There was only a cover for the PDF because we only had a week to get it ready for BEA.
I can't say how Sobol feels, nor the illustrator, Leonard Shortall, but I am a fan of both. (Shortall, especially, since the scritchiness of his linework belies a keen eye for expression and detail.)
- Greg Morrow Says:
August 15, 2006 at 6:07 PMI think this is probably work reprinted from Modern Humorist's website.
- Lea Says:
August 16, 2006 at 5:03 AMOnly Part-Way Pilot and Supreme Court Showdown from Modern Humorist are in this book, the other seven are new.
And the new illustrations by me, of course.
- Greg Morrow Says:
August 16, 2006 at 7:00 PMThat's cool news, Lea, and a lot more likely to get me to buy.


text:
The Honomu Henjoji Mission (Odaishisan) will host its annual Hatsu Bon and O-Bon services and O-Bon dance Saturday, June 14. Services will begin at 5 p.m., and the dance will follow at 7 p.m., with live music by the Hilo Bon Dance Club. Hatsu Bon, or First Bon, is a service performed for a person who died since the previous year's O-Bon.
The public is invited to bring family and friends and attend this festive evening. The congregation will have a food concession, with proceeds to benefit the church building fund.
The menu will include saimin, hot dogs, cold drinks, coffee, bottled water and shaved ice.
For more information, call the Rev. Clark Watanabe at 963-6308. To reach the Henjoji Mission, take the Akaka Falls turnoff mauka of Highway 19. The temple is next to Mr. Ed's Bakery in Honomu.
Japanese immigrants brought many traditions to Hawaii. One of these was the O-Bon dance festival. O-Bon season runs from June through August, and is a ceremony that honors the ancestors of those living today.
According to Watanabe, O-Bon dancing originated to honor the deceased and it is called "The Festival of the Souls," "The Feast of the Dead" or "The Festival of Lanterns."
Practitioners believe the souls of the departed return to be with the living during O-Bon, and people commonly celebrate by tending family graves and by offering food.
This is a joyous event, celebrating the return of the souls, and there is much happiness that they are back.
To guide their ancestors, the Japanese traditionally have made special objects such as chochin, or lanterns; toronagashi, floating lanterns of paper; or straw boats with candles.
The O-Bon dance formation is generally a circle or several concentric circles, depending on the number of participants. Musicians are usually in the middle of the dancers in a small tower called a yagura.
"The O-Bon Dance is a tradition that has been passed down from the Japanese immigrants to the people of Hawaii," said Watanabe. "Today, many people participate in the O-Bon dance, commonly known as the Bon dance. Although it began as a Japanese tradition, many other people of different races also honor their ancestors during this time."


text:
I am looking for Ripley/Graham/Allan/Harris family from upstate NY/Canada/England from 1920's back. I'm particularly interested in Frank J. Ripley of Niagara Falls and William Ripley of Yorkshire England. |
Charles F. Ripley Cypress, CA 90630 United States firstname.lastname@example.com |
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text:
I'm starting a new series on my blog called, In Season, featuring seasonal produce when it's in season. Shocker! I realize that everywhere in the world goes through different seasons at different times. So, I'm gonna stick with what I know. But, I'll be posting links to your recipes and giving info on the produce such as: the best ways to use it, how to store, etc. And, that can be useful for everyone right?
I've been inspired lately to cook with the seasons and trying hard to avoid the imports. So, in an effort to learn more and put it into practice, I thought I'd share what I find and learn with you! I definitely don't know everything so please always feel free to add your tidbits into the comments section.
Apple season is well underway and I have been enjoying them daily for quite a while now. Fresh, in season apples, just can't be beat. I thought it would be an appropriate start to this series since it's one of our favourite fruits. Let's get started!
*See bottom of post to find out next months pick and how you can participate.
All About Apples
In Season
Apples are at their peak, typically, from late August through November. This is when they taste the best! Although, they do keep well in cold storage, which is why they are available year round.
Look for firm, heavy apples that are brightly colored and crisp. Avoid apples that have bruised or damaged skin.
Store in a cool dry place. For longest storage, store in the crisper drawer (or a plastic bag) of the refrigerator. Remove apples that are over-ripe as they will cause the others to ripen more quickly. Should keep for one month in the fridge.
Best Uses
There are so many apple varieties that I'm gonna stick with the basics for this one.
Best for Baking:
Spy Gold, Spartan, Pink Lady, Northern Spy, Mutsu, Jonathan, Jonagold, Honeygold, Honeycrisp, Granny Smith, Golden Delicious, Gala, Fuji, Empire, Cortland, Baldwin, Braeburn, Rome Beauty, Pippin, Winesap, Gravenstein
Best for Applesauce:
Spartan, Pink Lady, Northern Spy, Mutsu, McIntosh, Jonathan, Jonagold, Honeygold, Honeycrisp, Granny Smith, Golden Delicious, Fuji, Cortland, Braeburn, Rome Beauty, Pippin, Winesap, Gravenstein
Best for Pies:
Spy Gold, Spartan, Pink Lady, Northern Spy, Mutsu, Jonathan, Jonagold, Honeygold, Honeycrisp, Granny Smith, Golden Delicious, Gala, Fuji, Empire, Cortland, Braeburn, Rome Beauty, Pippin, Winesap, Gravenstein
Best Eaten Fresh:
Spy Gold, Spartan, Red Delicious, Pink Lady, Mutsu, McIntosh, Jonathan, Jonagold, Honeygold, Honeycrisp, Granny Smith, Golden Delicious, Gala, Fuji, Empire, Cortland, Braeburn, Pippin, Winesap, Gravenstein
Best for Drying:
Spartan, Jonathan, Honeygold, Honeycrisp, Gala, Empire
You can, of course, use the apples you have on hand for whatever recipe you want to make. You just may not get the absolute best possible results.
Random Tips
*To stave off browning, toss cut apples with lemon or orange juice.
1 pound of apples is equal to (approximately):
- 4 small apples
- 3 medium apples
- 2 large apples
- 3 cups, chopped
- 2 3/4 cups sliced
- 1.5 cups grated
I put the call out on Twitter for peoples favourite apple recipes. These wonderful people graciously obliged. Make sure to head over to their sites, read their posts and grab the recipes!
Puzzle Apples
"These Puzzle Apples would be great to put in your child's lunchbox. They might possibly even be quite proud to show these off to their friends. Which means extra points for Mom (or Dad)."
Butterscotch Apple Crisp
"I normally like to make most of my foods from scratch. But, sometimes there is just no substitute for the instant pudding packages. This recipe uses a boxed package of butterscotch pudding. So delicious!"
~ Kitchen Simplicity
Apple Lemon Cinnamon Muffins
"I have been making this recipe for years. And, I really enjoy it. It is not overly sweet, which I prefer in a breakfast muffin. I like to put strawberry jam in the center because I always like a bit of jam on my muffins and so it saves me an extra step later on."
~ Kitchen Simplicity
Maple Walnut Apple Chips
"These blew me out of the water and have changed my idea about dried fruit. If it's done right, it's downright amazing. They're like a maple walnut apple pie and a chip all in one, just without the calories. Who can resist that?"
~ Kitchen Simplicity
Apple Strudel
"A traditional Apple Strudel with a lovely combo of sweetness and saltiness."
~ Kitchen Simplicity
Apple Cinnamon Sticky Buns
"The buns are light and fluffy with just the right amount of sticky cinnamon topping and delicious apple centre."
~ Baked by Rachel
Apple Coffee Cake Muffins
"My mission was to find a recipe or a few to create amazing coffee cake muffins, with apples. Success! The final product is so delicious. I ate one and went back for another. And had another as an after dinner snack. Don't laugh, you'd do it too!"
~ Baked by Rachel
Apple Pie
"Don't fear the pie. You can make one. They do take some time and a bit of love but they're absolutely worth it… This is the hands down best apple pie I have ever had. I've had a lot of pies growing up and none compare to this one."
~ Baked by Rachel
Toffee Apple Dip
"I absolutely love this dip. It's a great appetizer or snack. Just be careful … it's a little addicting."
~ Becky Higgins
Roasted Parsnip and Apple Soup
"This soup is pleasantly easy to make and is layered in complex flavours. Pair it with a nice crusty bread and you have yourself a fabulous end of summer meal."
~ Guilty Kitchen
Lazy Sourdough Apple Pancakes
"Begin by making a lazy sourdough starter in the evening, and the next morning, enjoy Sourdough Apple Pancakes with the kids."
~ Simple Bites
Classic Applesauce
"A basic step-by-step tutorial on how I make and can my applesauce. It's straightforward, easy to make in large batches and just delicious!"
~ Simple Bites
Tonka-Bean Spiced Apple-Raspberry Cake
"Don't sweat it if you don't have tonka bean, just use a teaspoon of cinnamon instead."
~ Under the High Chair
Carrot, Leak and Apple Soup
"For fun, toss in some whole-wheat garlic croutons for crunch and bacon because–well, bacon needs no explanation, really."
~ Under the High Chair
Squash-Apple Soup with Roasted Ginger
"Apples and Squash for September Bloom Day"
~ Mahlzeit
Ooey Gooey Caramel Apple Blackout Cake (Vegan)
"Digging your fork into this cake is like eating ultra-moist and robust chocolate pudding with baked apples and just enough cinnamon spice inside."
~ Desserts for Breakfast
That's it for this months roundup. Feel free to share your thoughts, recipes and tips below.
The next In Season roundup will be Brussels Sprouts. You can email or tweet me your posts and/or tips all the way until November 15th. Feel free to pull from the archives, or send me your new posts as you make them! All I ask is that you send me a short blurb along with the link with some sort of description of the recipe or article. You can take it right from the post or write something new. It's up to you! If you don't want me to include a picture please let me know. Even if you don't have a blog or a blogpost feel free to submit your tips and I'll include a quote from you. Can't wait to see your submissions!
Are there any other headings you would like to see on these posts?


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How Mobile Marketing Is Different
Nathan Schor permalinkAugust 28, 2011
I have been reading your material for some time now, finding it consistently insightful; this post only the latest example.
However, I stumbled over this sentence "It is not only ubiquitous, but also extremely pervasive." Aren't 'ubiquitous' and 'pervasive' synonymous, in the sense of appearing everywhere?
All the same, you make an excellent point about the unprecedented extent of data collected and the paramount need to protect it. So perhaps you meant that in mobile's case it commands both width (occurring universally) and depth (what the devices know about us)?.[Reply]
Greg Reply:
August 28th, 2011 at 10:49 amThanks for your support Nathan! I'm glad that you're enjoying the site.
The difference between ubiquity and pervasiveness is indeed subtle. When something is ubiquitous, it's everywhere, like water across the earth. However, when something is pervasive, it seeps through a particular entity, like water through a sponge.
Way to keep me on my toes!
– Greg


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I really love this new iPad case that give my new iPad the full protection. It is the smart cover with the leather front and clear soft back that I have my name customized on my iPad so people can see it.
Love it. Highly recommended and honored to carry it in my collection store @ Pocomaru
If you like me and like my style, please also like Pocomaru.


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| April 29, 2013, 11:54 am
Dish shares more data with Sprint's special committee, Ergen remains "confident"
Dish Network has provided additional information about its proposed buyout of Sprint Nextel to the company's special committee of board members. The committee, which is reviewing the offer on Sprint's behalf, said last week that it had requested additional details about the proposal from Dish.
Douglas County-based Dish also confirmed Monday that it has received a non-disclosure agreement from Sprint. Japan's SoftBank, which has an agreement to buy 70 percent of Sprint for $20 billion, amended the deal to allow the wireless carrier to enter into the non-disclosure agreement with Dish for "the purpose of clarifying and obtaining further information." Read more…


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Regular Meeting of the Faculty Senate on Thursday, October 25, 2007 in the Cherry Auditorium, Chester Kirk Building
1. Call to order at 3:00pm
2. Disposition of Minutes of Faculty Senate Meeting #1, September 27, 2007 (Attached)
3. Reports of Officers and Executive Committee
A. Annoucements
B. Activities of the Executive Committee (Minutes of Executive Committee Meetings #3, #4, #5, and #6) - Vice Chairperson Martin
C. Activities of the Joint Strategic Planning Committee (Minutes of September 20, 2007 meeting (attached pp. 20-21) -- Vice Chairperson Martin
D. Recommendation of the Executive Committee - Vice Chairperson Martin
- That the Faculty Senate appoint Professor Marilyn Barbour, PHP, and Professor Nasser Zawia, BPS, to the Search Committee for the Dean of the College of Pharmacy.
E. Report of the Executive Committee on Senate Action 2007-08--2: Laboratory Fees (attached pp.22-23)-- Vice Chairperson Martin
F. Update on NEASC Accreditation Self-Study -- Professor Beckman.
4. Report of the President - President Carothers
A. Status of Actions Forwarded to the President:
Bills:#07-08--1 - Curricular Report No. 2006-07-7 from the Graduate Council to the Faculty Senate (Corrected). Approved by President Carothers on October 4, 2007.
#07-08--2 - Addition of Vice President for Research and Economic Development to the JSPC: Section 5.70.11 of the UNIVERSITY MANUAL. Approved by President Carothers on October 4, 2007.
#07-08--3 - Policy #80-1 (Revised). Approved by President Carothers on October 4, 2007.
#07-08--4 - Final Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Administrator Evaluation. Approved by President Carothers on October 4, 2007.
B. Announcements
5. Special Report
Status Report on URI Research and Innovation -- Vice President Alfonso.
6. Reports of Standing and Special Committees
A. The Four Hundred Fifty-Third Report of the Curricular Affairs Committee (attached pp. 24-27) - Professor Luebke.
B. University College and General Education Committee Report #07-08-1 (attached p. 28) - Professor Hicks.
C. Academic Standards and Calendar Committee Report #2007-08-2 (attached pp. 29-31) - Senator DiCioccio
7. Unfinished Business
A. At the September 27 meeting of the Faculty Senate the following proposed changes to the By-Laws recommended by the Executive Committee were moved and seconded. They are now returned to the Faculty Senate for action:
4.4 The Executive Committee with the consent of the Faculty Senate shall appoint an Administrator Evaluation Coordinator from the tenured faculty for a two-year term. The Administrator Evaluation Coordinator shall be responsible for the following: designating which administrators are to be evaluated in a given year; facilitating the election/selection of administrator evaluation committees within each administrator's constituent group as defined in section 5.76.12 of the UNIVERSITY MANUAL; providing guidance and suggestions to these administrator evaluation committees as they design their instruments and outline their procedures; and, monitoring the committees' progress in conducting the evaluations. The Executive Committee of the Faculty Senate shall review and evaluate the process as outlined here and as it evolves in the respective Evaluation Committees after the first three-year round and at least every six years after that. The results of the review shall be reported to the Faculty Senate.
4.60 The Teaching Effectiveness Committee shall promote good teaching at the University by: conducting and reporting to the Faculty Senate an annual audit of programs, activities, policies, etc., which are available at the University to support good teaching; serving as an advisory committee to the Instructional Development Program; undertaking each year, in cooperation with other interested parties, an initiative designed to improve teaching practices at the University. The Director of the Instructional Development Program and the Vice Provost for Information Technology Services or the Vice Provost's designee shall serve as ex officio members of this committee.
B. At the September 27 meeting of the Faculty Senate the following proposed changes to section 4.56 of the By-Laws (membership of the Council for Research) recommended by the Executive Committee were moved and seconded (Changes are in boldface):
4.56 The membership of the Council shall be chosen to reflect the diversity of the academic disciplines of the faculty. The Council shall comprise seven faculty members appointed in accordance with the By-Laws of the Faculty Senate (See section 6.1); three faculty members from the research community chosen by the Vice President for Research and Economic Development; one member of the Council of Deans, chosen by that council; one director (or associate or assistant director) of a research center or bureau and one college business manager chosen by the Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs; one graduate student chosen by the Graduate Student Association; one undergraduate student appointed by the undergraduate Research Grant Committee; the Dean of the Graduate School or designee; and the Vice President for Research and Economic Development or the Vice President's designee as a voting ex officio member. The two students shall be appointed yearly. The members appointed by the Senate, the Council of Deans, the Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs and the Vice President for Research and Economic Development shall be appointed to three-year terms commencing in September. Wherever the same person or body is charged with selecting two or more members, the members' terms shall be staggered. The Council shall elect its chairperson for the year from among the faculty members of the Council at its first meeting in September. The name of the chairperson shall be made known to the University community and reported to the Faculty Senate and the President.
In addition, the following amendment was moved and seconded:
Delete "from the research community" and add "two faculty members appointed by the Provost."
If amended, the relevant portion of section 4.56 of the By-Laws would read as follows:
4.56 The membership of the Council shall be chosen to reflect the diversity of the academic disciplines of the faculty. The Council shall comprise seven faculty members appointed in accordance with the By-Laws of the Faculty Senate (See section 6.1); three faculty members
from the research communitychosen by the Vice President for Research and Economic Development; two faculty members appointed by the Provost; one member of the Council of Deans, chosen by that council.They are now returned to the Faculty Senate for action.
8. New Business
Full agenda are in the hand sof all senators department chairs. They are also available through email on Facsen-Bus and on the faculty senate home page (Facsen). Contact the faculty senate for details.
EVALUATION REPORT PROVOST DEHAYES posted 9/18/14
Michael W. Honhart, Professor of History 2014 Recipient of the Sheila Black Grubman Faculty Outstanding Service Award
University Libraries LibGuides


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Home > West Carrollton HS Alumni by Class |
West Carrollton High Alumni by ClassAdd Your Name | Add a Lost Friend |
Alumni listings of West Carrollton HS by Graduating Class
Many more West Carrollton alumni from all graduation years have posted their profiles on Classmates.com®. Click here to view Classmates.com® WCHS alumni.
Alumni listings from West Carrollton High are listed below by graduation year. Click on the graduation class to view all former students from that year who have been searched for or who have added themselves to the alumni database.
Don't forget to upload your West Carrollton High School pictures and check on the latest info about any West Carrollton High School reunion.


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Sculptor Makes 1-Night Stand
by David Sepulveda | Mar 10, 2014 10:36 am
(4) Comments | Commenting has been closed | E-mail the Author
Posted to: Arts & Culture, Visual Arts, Ninth Square
Apart from the curious art created by a sculptor with a curious name, Silas Finch's "Cold Connections" exhibit at The Grove Studio Space for the Arts On9, First Friday event, was notable for the effort involved in staging the large "pop-up" opening if nothing else.
Finch said he saw the exhibit as an opportunity to feature some of his larger installation work. "It's difficult to find a space for my larger pieces" he said, noting that approaching The Grove with his idea to hang the show concurrent with the First Friday On9 slate of events made sense. The show was somewhat of a retrospective, a sampling of his many series, but also included some new work.
The swirl of activity surrounding the show's set up included hanging and installing freestanding and wall sculptures and the large floor installations, but also paying attention to the details of advertising and making sure that there were plenty of refreshments on hand for guests.
Finch's work is nothing if not about attention to detail. Compelling narratives have emerged around the artist's work going back six years, the amount of time he has been working as a sculptor in New Haven. A master of the assembled form who has been influenced by one of the great assemblage sculptors of our time, Ron Pippin, Finch's appreciation for antiquity and the found object can also be traced to the legacy of the family business, an antiques shop owned by his parents for many years in Brewster, Mass.
While Finch's work does involve some tinkering, that does not begin to describe the degree of design intention, vision and poignant social commentary that he brings to his found object creations. Resurrecting purpose from items of obsolescence; the discarded, the forgotten, the ephemeral stuff of our collective history, and even elements of forms once alive, Finch employs a deft craftsmanship elegantly fitting together disparate objects that create a new narrative and a new reason for existing.
One of many artful activities held throughout New Haven's historic Ninth Square District last Friday, Finch's exhibit drew a steady flow of visitors as one might expect from an artist with a growing reputation whose work is finding serious consideration by collectors. The Coen brothers, a famous film director-producer-writer team, working through an agent, recently bought a Finch sculpture for their collection. Another nexus with the film industry was Finch's work and studio environs featured prominently in My Brother Jack, an independent movie filmed in New Haven last year by Director Stephen Dest.
Undaunted by his assessment that his body of work may not have a ready appeal for those seeking trendy, hipster art, Finch draws satisfaction from the realization that his artistic impulses create meaning, even at their most whimsical. "I realize that I cannot rely on this for financial stability, so I am free to create and create" said Finch, understanding that rewards, nevertheless, do redound to artists who remain true to their vision.
"Cold Connections" can continue to be viewed at Grove Studios as window installations, as it has for the last several weeks, with illumination until 10 p.m. Finch said he plans to "open the doors for a weekend viewing" with a date to be announced.
Post a Comment
posted by: on9newhaven on March 10, 2014 12:57pm
Silas Finch's "Cold Connection" is a great addition to 9th Square and a wonderful way to activate window space while The Grove transitions into The Grove Studios.
Thanks Silas for hosting the reception during Arts On9 and thank you David Sepulveda for your delightful review.
posted by: Finch sculpture on March 10, 2014 7:25pm
Sculptures & Installations can be viewed through illuminated window displays all day & evening till 10pm,
Cheers ! Silas
posted by: A. Thought on March 12, 2014 4:33pm
"Cold Connections" presents a creative approach at interfacing different mediums to produce an original result. Should be interesting to view when illuminated. Wishing all the best to Finch in his endeavors.
posted by: BenBerkowitz on March 16, 2014 3:44pm
Having been a lover of Silas's work for years its great to see it so prominently displayed in our backyard.
The four children on metal is my favorite piece to date.
Well done sir.


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Washington's 9th Congressional District
← Washington
Washington's 9th congressional district encompasses a long, somewhat narrow area in western Washington through the densely populated central Puget Sound region, from Tacoma in the south to Bellevue in the north. Since 1997, the 9th District has been represented in the U.S. House of Representatives by Adam Smith, a Democrat from SeaTac. Established after the 1990 U.S. Census, the 9th District was originally drawn as a "fair fight" district. The first representative from the 9th District, Mike Kreidler, was defeated after one term by conservative Republican Randy Tate; Tate, in turn, was defeated after one term by Smith. Kreidler currently serves as the Washington Commissioner of Insurance, and Tate went on to succeed Ralph Reed as executive director of the Christian Coalition. Since being first elected in 1996, Smith's moderate voting record and a strong Democratic trend in the Puget Sound region have turned the formerly contentious district into a fairly safe Democratic seat. He won reelection easily in the 2008 election. Al Gore and John Kerry each carried the 9th District with 53% in 2000 and 2004, respectively. Barack Obama won the district in 2008 with 59% of the vote. In 2011 the state began the process of redistricting in response to population changes determined by the 2010 census. In the final report by the bipartisan redistricting commission issued in January 2012 shifts District 9 to the north to encompass Bellevue, southeast Seattle, and Mercer Island but only goes as far south as the southern tip of Commencement Bay in Tacoma. As of the 2012 redistricting, it is now a majority minority district. (More from Freebase)
9th District Adam Smith MyOC Group Democrat 18 years in office
District Boundary Map
Join now and connect with 468 OpenCongress users in this district (it's free)


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