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Newcomers charmed by Kump House
November 30, 2013 We moved here to our new home in August. As we were driving home we noticed a stately mansion that didn't seem to be lived in. David became curious. The next day he stopped and read the marker. more »»
Country going down dark path
November 23, 2013 With Obamacare turning out to be a farce and not being able to even get on the website here in West Virginia, how do they expect everyone to be signed up by the deadline? What gets me the most is i... more »»
Tomblin needs to think twice
November 23, 2013 Gov. Tomblin has commissioned a task force on cold and allergy medications with pseudoephedrine in the product. more »»
Elbon, Griesel deserve praise
November 16, 2013 I had the pleasure of working with the Durbin & Greenbrier Valley Railroad for the inaugural runs of the 2013 Polar Express this past weekend. I was, as one visitor named me, a St. more »»
Cell phone excise tax unfair, illegal
November 16, 2013 Do you have service with U.S.Cellular? I do. I am charged a monthly fee for local excise tax. more »»
St. Joseph's a real treasure
November 16, 2013 How often do we stop to think about the value of a small, community hospital? In this time of escalating medical costs and changing health care coverage, we sometimes lose sight of the obvious. St. more »»
Bridges are in dire need of repair
November 16, 2013 While following the money in the current highway transportation bill, the U.S. DOT released its report of their findings on 607,000 bridges they have inspected. more »»
Remember those who made sacrifices
November 11, 2013 Veterans Day is dedicated to all military service personnel who have worn our country's colors while defending our natio. more »»
Veterans Memorial gets new shrubs
November 9, 2013 Last year Superstorm Sandy left the shrubbery at the All Veterans Memorial damaged and broken, killing several plants. more »»
Small-town politics still is entertaining
November 9, 2013 What is it about small-town politics that can stir coffee shop conversation, but stop people from speaking to each other? Attend a city council meeting and you might think a referee is needed. more »»
What happened to our country?
November 9, 2013 Is it me, or is the country going to you know what, in a hand basket? The job market is down and prices are going u. more »»
Dreaming big in politics difficult
November 8, 2013 When I see common sense appearing in politics, I am impressed. That great old-fashioned quality is rare these days. more »»
Group give thanks for local support
November 8, 2013 On behalf of Elkins High School's National Honor Society, I would like to extend a huge thank—you to those who supported our yard sale on Oct. 12. more »»
Voice disdain for officials at polls
November 6, 2013 Now that we have seen what is in store for those of use that have to sign-up for Obama-care, and once you find out what the cost is going to be, you cannot help but say no way to tha. more »»
Banquet honors those who served
November 5, 2013 The Alliance Church in Gilman hosted its eighth annual Veterans Appreciation banquet on Friday evening, Nov. 1. more »»
Say 'no' to national monument status
November 2, 2013 The Wilderness Coalition is promoting the Birthplace of Rivers National Monument, an area that is the headwaters of Cherry, Cranberry and Williams rivers. more »»
Children's Advocacy Center offers thanks
November 2, 2013 The Randolph/Tucker Children's Advocacy Center would like to thank the sponsors for the seventh annual Poker Run for Kids on Aug. 17. more »»
Crew, responders made a big difference
November 2, 2013 On Oct. 11, my wife and 4-year-old great-grandson and myself were passengers on the Cheat Mountain Salamander. more »»
Smiths commend local sentiments
October 26, 2013 John and I would like you to know how much we appreciate your kind words about the D&GVRR in the Oct. 19 Boos and Applaus. more »»
First responders deserve thank you
October 26, 2013 My husband and I were passengers on the Cheat Mountain Salamander that was involved in the wreck. more »» |


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Happy Tuesday! I am happy to report that I am feeling much better. Nothing some good rest couldn't cure. Thank you for all your get well wishes. I have a nice list of chores waiting for me tomorrow (my day off) since I didn't get to them this weekend.
So like I had mentioned the other day, I am going to be making a new food each week. This week, I thought I would try out a tofu recipe I got from my Real Simple magazine. My mom got me a subscription of this magazine for Christmas and it has a little of everything..home, fashion, and food, you name it.
Tofu is low in calories and a good source of protein. Per serving (3 ounces), this package has calories 80 calories and 9 grams of protein. The FDA states " 25 grams of soy protein per day as part of a diet low in saturated fat may reduce risk of coronary heart disease ." Tofu also contains a relatively large amount of iron and contains little fat.
There are different types of tofu as I have found out. Tonight's recipe calls for Extra Firm Tofu.
First, you need to drain the tofu. I found a great how to:
- Layer your bowl with two layers of towels and place tofu on towels
- Place tofu in bowl.
- Lay a fresh towel on top of tofu.
- Gently press down on towel to remove any initial water.
- Remove damp towel and place two layers of fresh towels on top of tofu.
- Carefully place a bowl or other weight on top of towels to press down on tofu.
- Let sit for at least fifteen minutes.
I let the tofu drain while getting my other ingredients together.
Vegetarian Tacos With Spinach, Corn, and Goat Cheese (serves 4)
Source: Real Simple Magazine
- 1 tablespoon olive oil
- 1 14-ounce package extra-firm tofu—drained, patted dry, and crumbled
- 1 1/2 teaspoons chili powder
- kosher salt and black pepper
- 1 10-ounce package frozen corn (2 cups), thawed
- 1 5-ounce package baby spinach (about 6 loosely packed cups)
- 8 small flour tortillas, warmed
- 3/4 cup crumbled fresh
goatfeta cheese (3 ounces) - 3/4 cup store-bought refrigerated salsa
1. Heat the oil in a large nonstick skillet over medium-high heat. Add the tofu, chili powder, ½ teaspoon salt, and ¼ teaspoon pepper. Cook, tossing occasionally, until golden brown, 4 to 5 minutes.
2. Add the corn and cook, tossing, until heated through, about 2 minutes. Add the spinach and ¼ teaspoon each salt and pepper and toss until wilted.
3. Fill the tortillas with the tofu mixture, cheese, and salsa.
Nutritional Information Per Serving:
- Calories 355
- Protein 18g
- Fat 14g
- Sat Fat 3g
- Fiber 7g
I thought this recipe turned out great! I really like the combination of flavors. I thought the feta was good, but I think it would taste delish with goat cheese. I definitely recommend trying this recipe out.
I also had a dinner guest…
It's the funniest thing. He sits at the table like a human. He was not too interested in tonight's dinner. He is all about the meat.
I will be having some leftovers for lunch tomorrow. I always have so many leftovers, I really should cut down the recipes. Anyone want to join me for dinner next time??
I hope you guys enjoy these recipes. I know they are all not from scratch but its getting me in the kitchen more so that is the best thing!
I am off to get the kitchen cleaned up and perhaps get started on some laundry tonight. Have a great night!
Have you ever tried tofu? If so, do you have a favorite tofu dish?


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Weed control on rangelands -- Part III
Published on -8/17/2014, 1:30 PM
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This is the last article in a series on weed control in rangelands. A brief summary of last week's article is research conducted by Oklahoma Cooperative Extension published in a fact sheet. Weed Control on Rangeland NREM-2882 on native plant communities has documented no increase in livestock average daily gain or gain per acre with a broadcast application of herbicide to control non-noxious weeds. Thus, the cost of the herbicide was added to the cost of operation since there was no increase in cattle production. Producers easily could replicate this study on their properties to find out if broadcast herbicide application improves profitability.
Are weeds really that bad?
Given a choice, cattle ordinarily select a diverse diet of grasses, sedges, forbs, legumes and woody plants. Studies across the U.S. show the total amount of forbs consumed in cattle diets varies from 20 percent to 30 percent, depending upon availability. Many forbs have a higher nutritional value than grasses, even though forbs make up a small percentage of the total cattle diet. Therefore, herbicide application will reduce some of the most nutritionally valuable forage plants for livestock production forbs.
Let's compare the nutritional value of a common grass with a forb: Crude protein in big bluestem peaks at 10 percent in May and then declines to 9 percent by the end of summer. In contrast, Illinois bundleflower, a native legume easily killed by broadleaf herbicides, which also readily is eaten by livestock, has a crude protein (CP) of 35 percent in April and 13 percent at the end of summer. Western ragweed is one of the most commonly sprayed forbs in Oklahoma and Kansas, is consumed by cattle when young, and is one of the most important fall and winter foods of Northern Bobwhite quail. Western ragweed has a CP level more than 20 percent in May and approximately 15 percent in the fall. Research in Kansas and Oklahoma has shown Western ragweed does not compete with grass due to its deeper root system, so controlling it by applying herbicide does not yield more grass. Consider this trade-off: The cost of a pound of 20-percent protein cubes compared to the cost of spraying herbicide on plants that have more than 30 percent CP and readily are consumed by livestock. In fact, many broadleaf plants enhance quality of cattle and wildlife diets without the cost of supplements.
When to spray
Spot spraying or selectively targeting invasive plants can be effective in treating targeted species (true weeds or invasive) without harming other plants. Almost all approved herbicides have spot treatment recommendations on the product label. If a weed problem is so extensive spot spraying is not practical, then understanding the biology of the targeted plant species can provide important insight into managing the plant. Finally, the manger should consider if controlling the plant will meet management objectives including cost-benefit ration. Using an example of $10 per acre herbicide and application cost with cow/calf operation and are stocked at 10 acres per cow, the herbicide application will cost an added $100 per animal.
Alternative to spraying
More effective and economical alternatives to herbicide deserve consideration. For example, prescribed fire can accomplish many objectives of land owners, and an economic analysis of burning clearly shows break-even usually is exceeded. Some plant species targeted with broadcast applications of herbicide are woody plants that can be managed with prescribed fire. Burning improves livestock performance by increasing stocker cattle gain by 10 percent to 15 percent and increasing the body condition score of cows. It also increases forage quality and palatability, and benefits wildlife habitat.
Another alternative is patch burning (rotational fire with grazing), which has been shown to reduce or stop the increase of several invasive plant species.
Herbicide effects on wildlife
Killing most forbs with a broadcast herbicide application is detrimental to many wildlife species by decreasing habitat diversity and limiting food resources. If wildlife is a goal, landowners carefully should consider any herbicide application.
In summary, this information should not be taken to mean herbicide application always is an improper tool for managing non-noxious weeds. A weed is an undesirable plant, and Kansas has some serious-introduced weeds, noxious weeds, and tree and brush problems. So herbicides are sometimes the best management tool. Land managers are encouraged to learn to identify and understand the plants they manage to determine if controlling those plants with herbicides will accomplish management objectives.
Stacy Campbell is agriculture
Extension agent in Ellis County.


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Chef Guy Fieri on His Housekeeping Skills Video
Find out what his family thinks - and his most challenging chore
What is my family think of my housekeeping skills? My friends and family? Well my wife is very particular about how the kitchen is cleaned. Now, I'm chef and I have restaurants and my kitchen is 900 square feet and so it's a big-- it's a big restaurant kitchen; 3 sinks, foot pedals, big burners, you name it. So, I don't think she thinks I'm the cleanest cook that there is, but I'm not wasteful. After that, I pick up that to myself. I keep myself in order. I expected the kids to do the same thing and then we opt to participate as a family, but everybody in the family has their jobs. My son, Hunter, his job is to bring in the firewood. And so everybody has got their little piece that they have to do, but I thought I got pretty good housekeeping skills. I ironed my own clothes; I know how to wash my clothes. I don't know how to use the new washer though, don't tell anybody that though about this new washer and I think you have to have like a PhD to use it. But beside that I'm pretty good.
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- dotTech - http://dottech.org -
This bizarre-looking statue will stand in Apple's HQ to honor Steve Jobs
Posted By Enrique Manalang On March 1, 2014 @ 12:30 AM In General Tech | 2 Comments
That peculiar sculpture you see in the image above will soon stand in Apple's Cupertino headquarters t honor the late Steve Jobs. The statue is the winner in a competition with 10,000 other submitted works — which really makes me curious to see what those other works were like.
It was sculpted by Serbian sculptor Dragan Radenovic, and those other details in addition to Jobs' head are "Cyrillic letters, the Latin letter A, and the binary digits one and zero." MacRumors notes that Apple executives were very interested in the sculpture when they were sent sketches of it, and liked "the imperfections of his work."
Personally, I think it looks pretty weird. What do you readers think? Let us know in the comments! [2]
[via MacRumors [3]]
Article printed from dotTech: http://dottech.org
URL to article: http://dottech.org/149494/this-bizarre-looking-statue-will-stand-in-apples-hq-to-honor-steve-jobs/
URLs in this post:
[1] Image: https://dottech.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/stevejobsstatue.jpg
[2] Let us know in the comments!: #comment
[3] MacRumors: http://www.macrumors.com/2014/02/24/steve-jobs-statue-unveiled/
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Respects paid on Armistice Day around Wales
Thousands of people have paid tribute to those who have died in battles since World War One as part of the Armistice commemorations in Wales.
At 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month, thousands fell silent for two minutes, 95 years after the guns fell silent along the Western Front.
Military bases, town halls and schools were among those taking part.
Assembly Presiding Officer Rosemary Butler AM led the silence from the Senedd in Cardiff Bay.
In spite of the rain, thousands stood in city and town centre memorials around the Wales.
In Wrexham, a lone bugler played the Last Post followed by an air raid siren to start the tributes.
Wrexham stands in silent tribute
In Wrexham, hundreds of people gathered in the town centre to mark the two minutes silence but the number of veterans had diminished markedly this year, according to ex-Royal Marine and Burma Star veteran Herbert Pritchard, 88.
"There's not a lot of us left," he said. "But the crowd turn out was good and even better yesterday for the remembrance service."
Monday's event was even more poignant because Wrexham's 200 year connection with Welsh regimental soldiers comes to an end next week when the 70-strong members of A Company 3rd Battalion The Royal Welsh pull out of Hightown barracks in the town.
The reservists will join the Welsh Transport Regiment at nearby Queeensferry, in Flintshire, as part of the Army 2020 shake-up plan, although the 3rd Battalion will continue at its other Welsh bases at Swansea, Pontypridd and Colwyn Bay.
A bugler played and the nearby market came to a standstill. An air raid siren sounded throughout the two minutes and the crowd gave a long applause when the event drew to a close.
Meanwhile at Swansea, people gathered at a memorial to merchant seamen and fishermen led by Canon Keith Evans in the main shopping area. They watched sombre commemorations on a large screen.
Cardiff council laid wreaths at a staff memorial at City Hall as a tribute to former workers who lost their lives in battle.
A two-minute silence was also marked across all council buildings and in cities, towns and villages across the country.
Welsh Secretary David Jones struck a £5 Remembrance Day coin at the Royal Mint, Llantrisant, near Cardiff.
The minister took part in a remembrance service at the Royal Mint, which has been at the heart of manufacturing medals for veterans since they were first awarded to individual servicemen following the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.
"The red remembrance poppy has become a familiar emblem of Remembrance Day," Mr Jones said.
"The Remembrance Day coin is also a fitting tribute to those who have given their lives in the service of our country, and our gratitude to our servicemen and women who continue to protect our way of life both at home and overseas."
The commemorations had followed services and parades which had taken place around Wales on Remembrance Sunday with a national event at Cardiff's Welsh National War Memorial.
First Minister Carwyn Jones said the relevance of the remembrance tradition remained "undiminished" with British troops on duty around the world.


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return to main page
return to 1950s Team Bios page 1401 Stories and e-mails
Purpose of this page - provide stories of the unit record world and the 1401.
More stories IBM 1401 1950s Team Bios, including goals, architecture, design, software, production, marketing teams, stories, ...
Here are more stories about other machines.Contents: (newest near the top (here))
- Braille from a 1403 ?? - from Jim Strickland July 28, 2014
- A Haanstra story - from Charles Branscomb, July 25, 2014
- " The "Hole" story of Punched Cards" by George A. Fierheller, very readable history of IBM :-)) 8 MByte .pdf
- Letter to T J Watson Jr. printed on IBM 1403 with film ribbon - added May 21, 2013
- Simon Barratt 01/09/2013 - Memories of a 1401 Operator
- from and about Alan Kay 01/09/2013 & 2/10/2014 - Alan Kay's early 1401 memories (5 mins/day, training, custom OS, Meta II, Autocoder, Fortran), Burroughs machines
- My Early Days With IBM and Sorbus by Howard Oels - 09/24/2012 -
- IBM 1401 Memories from Endicott from John Pokoski added Mar 2012
- 1401, from 305 RAMAC to 360 - from Milton Thrasher June 24, 2011
Early ?1st? 1401 Application - from Milton Thrasher June 20, 2011- "Mystique and Lore" from Keith Falkner Jan 27, 2011
A 1401 Virus?, A Sitting Duck, Self-Checking, TOPS, Punch-Feed Read, Self-Modifying Code- High Humidity and Crack Cores story from Rick Dill Aug 4, 2009
- IBM 1401 Makes its Debut in San Francisco from Jan Barris, Aug 2, 2009
- 1401 PowerUP, Time & Life Building from Jud McCarthy May 1, 2009
- "Slight of hand ;-))" from Jud McCarthy May 1, 2009
- ManufactNote-A from Jud McCarthy April 5, 2009
- Soft Spot March 13, 2009 from Alan Kay
- Simcha Druck 12/13/2007 - Reliability Story
- John Van Gardner 12/12/2007 - WireWrapping BackPlanes
- John Van Gardner 12/11/2007 - date of 1401 Overlap
- Bill Worthington 8/13/2007
- History_3, by Karl Ganzhorn
- Gary Mokotoff 1/17/2007
- Predict Home Run Race from Jim Foley Sept 15, 2006
- 1st Computer to Satellite? from Jim Foley Sept 15, 2006
- Side Saddle Printing from Milton Thrasher
- Foiling Honeywell "Liberator" from Milton Thrasher
- UpdatingPunchedCards provided by Stan Paddock
- the Computer Wanted It
Braille from a 1403 ?? - from Jim Strickland July 28, 2014
as seen in "Volunteer Information Exchange"
Volume 4 Number 8 July 28, 2014
From a Bell Labs visitor:
The 1403 print hammers strike with a roughly equal pressure, so when the character is a "W", the pressure is spread over a large area but when the character is a period, the pressure is much higher causing the period to create a little dimple in the paper.A blind programmer at Bell Labs wrote a program to translate his compiler output into multi-line Braille characters and reversing the output from left-to-right to right-to-left. Then he would turn the paper over and read the dimples.
A Haanstra story - from Charles Branscomb, July 25, 2014
Robert I assume you recall my story about John from the "1401 story". In early 1961 when I had moved to division HQS, John was division VP of Development. He asked me to go with him on a Friday visit to the Kingston, NY Lab (about 2 hour drive) and all the way up and back he probed me on how the 1401 handled Input/Output. Monday AM his secretary called me what I did to her boss on Friday. After the weekend John had showed up with some 14 to 18 Executary "belts" (The IBM OPD recorder used belts instead of tapes giving random access to recordings) to be transcribed. They represented the design of a multiplexor front end for the 1401.
John was not only a powerhouse intellectually but he was powerful physically as well. I still vividly remember being in a meeting with John and the VP of Manufacturing for the division (Bud Thue) where John was demanding that 1401 production for the first year be doubled. He had a habit of cupping his hand and pounding on the conference table - I believe the room actually shook when he did that. John won and production was doubled.
You have got some good insights into the Development area activity after Honeywell announced the H200. It is unfortunate That Jim Desell is no longer living. Jim was Systems Engineering Manager in the Eastern Region when H200 was announced and he could have personally provided the Marketing division activity. When he found out that Endicott engineers were skeptical that Liberator would work, Jim found a way to get into a Honeywell customer demonstration and saw that he did in fact work. He then went to Endicott to make sure there was no misunderstanding and demand that development respond. I was on Vin Learson's staff while this was going on and remember interacting with Jim about H200 and Liberator but I do not remember the specifics.
About a dozen years later Jim and I became very good friends in the General Systems Division where he was head of Marketing and I was head of Development and Manufacturing. As I think you know GSD re-established IBM leadership in the middle to low end of the product line. I read recently that IBM world wide sold over 250,000 System 32/34/36/38s.
I did not mean for this to get so lengthy - I hope some of it is of interest to you.
Letter to T J Watson Jr. printed on IBM 1403 with film ribbon - added May 21, 2013
Background: We had been talking about the 1403 printer, ribbons, and how a "one pass film ribbon" could give beautifully formed printed characters without the smudges and imperfections due to the fabric of the usual printer ribbon. Also on what special print jobs such expensive film ribbons would be used.
Frank King provided one occassion ;-))
Yes, A Senior CE and I installed a 1401 (4K) Reader Punch and Printer at "The Data Center" in Greensboro NC. We started at 08:30 and had completed the diagnostics and turned the system over to the customer at about 12:00.
The customer had prepared a letter to T J Watson Jr. and O M Scott (President of Field Engineering). He had it punched up and ran it on the 1403 using a mylar single pass ribbon. Our field manager came in to see how we were doing, with plans to take us to lunch. The customer showed the letter to our manager and said, "If I had money for a stamp I would mail it to IBM Headquarters." I think that's the fastest I had ever seen my field manager move to get money into the data center manager's hand.
Needless to say a few weeks later we got an award from IBM.
The problem was that the salesmen in Greensboro started telling customers we could install a 1401 system in 4 hours. The reason that was not true, was because it was a simple system (only three boxes), we had no bugs, lots of manual labor help from the operators and we had just installed a 1401 tape system a couple of weeks before. Also, the room had been pre-prepared. The Senior CE was Sam Rushton and my manager was Clete Waldmiller.
1401, from 305 RAMAC to 360 - from Milton Thrasher June 24, 2011
I just finished listening to the wonderful 2 hour video of how the IBM 1401 came about. It was created in November 2009 to coincide with the 50th Anniversary of the Announcement. I was an IBM Salesman on the Bell Telephone Labs at Whippany, NJ out of the Newark Branch Office. I had installed one of the first IBM 305 Ramacs before becoming their salemen. We had a team of Roy Marsan, leader and Walt Smith and I on the team. I had a 2 week assignment when an SE to go to the IBM Endicott Lab to learn about the IBM 1401 sufficient to see if one of the more complicated punch card jobs could be programmed on a 1.4K system. I was able to do it in only a few days while the wiring of the 604/407 application had taken me over 3 months to wire it with control panels. One of the big features of the IBM 1401 was the elimination of congtrol panels!
This 2 hour presentation was done at the IBM Computer Museum where they rehabed two IBM 1401s and told that story as part of the presentation. See it at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVsX7aHNENo. See the photo attached. I particularly enjoyed hearing Chuck Branscomb telling the business environment in which IBM 1401 came about. He personally was a key player as he had shot down the German Bull Gamma fighter that the French Labs had proposed called the WAM - World Wide Accounting Machine.
Later, I was a Systems Engineering Manager in the IBM Elizabeth, NJ Branch Office where the IBM 1401 wasthe key product that we were involved with. I found a set of macro programs that Ed Czerkies had created at IBM Corp Hdq at 590 Madison Avenue, NYC. He called it his "shoe box" as it took a full box of IBM 5081 cards for all of them (about the size of a shoe box). I had my SEs introduce them to their accounts. That was important because the Honeywell 200 "Liberator" became a big threat to the IBM 1401. Because their software could not convert the "shoe box" macros, those IBM 1401s were saved. They called my shoe box of card the "Captivator".
When I went to IBM Eastern Region to be the IBM Systems Engineering Techniques Development Manager, I produced a number of IBM aids to make the installation work a lot easier. They were mostly one card programs and tables that SEs carried in their suit pockets or attachee' cases. When the IBM S/360 came along, I produced the IBM PAT/360 program by copying the IBM 1401 PAT System for remote program testing.
You can see why I was so pleased to learn this background information about a system that we all knew and loved and remember fondly.
Milton Thrasher
941 966-9172Early ?1st? 1401 Application - from Milton Thrasher June 20, 2011
Best of all was my week or 10 days with the IBM 1401 Development team under Fran Underwood. I was able in a matter of a few days program a Telephone Directory Billing application that with the same deck of card produced print slips for the typesetters in the 22 yellow page directories of NJ Bell Telephone. The original job was done on 604/407s with lots of additional storage and co-selectors. It took me over 3 months to wire up the application that was originally developed in Ohio Bell at Youngstown, OH. I was able to do it all in a 1.4 K IBM 1401 that proved the viability of that small of memory.
While doing that work, I met the development team and was very impressed with their creativity and responsiveness to suggestions.
Now that I am retired, I play a lot of tennis and found Earl Bloom here in Sarasota, FL who is also retired and plays tennis. He worked with Fran Underwood and others of the IBM 1401 Development Team. We both were at the IBM Centennial as you will see in my Photoshow. Earl Bloom got several patents for IBM while working with that group in Endicott.
You probably know that Fran Underwood recently had another birthday.
The IBM Centeninial at Tampa, FL PhotoShow is at http://www.photoshow.com/watch/sE9Dh6nh
Milton Thrasher
Simon Barratt - Memories of a 1401 Operator
From: SJB's Laptop < sjblaptop @ yahoo . co . uk >
Subject: Memories of a 1401 Operator
Date: February 6, 2011 8:24:55 AM PST
To: Robert Garner < robgarn @ mac . com >
Cc: ...Good Day, Gentlemen
I operated, and supervised the operation of, the IBM UK Service Bureau 1401 system. Reading all the material on the restoration site, a couple of things struck me.
We had a program that played music through a radio tuned off-station (I can't remember what the tune was). To see if we could decipher how the program worked, we did a core dump. Imagine our surprise when we discovered a whole bunch of constants containing such things as BAKED BEANS, TINNED WHOLE CARROTS, etc.. Obviously, the program had been written as some sort of stock control application, and the programmer (or someone) had discovered its music-making capabilities.
I presume you are familiar with the record Music From Mathematics, played by IBM 7090 Computer and Digital to Sound Transducer, originally on the Decca label in 1962.
Secondly, I read that there were problems with the 1403, with its new ribbon, leaving trails of ink down the page, or producing images that were less than clear (ghosted?). When we had that problem, we checked that the chain timing was set correctly for the thickness of the paper that we were printing on. With 5-part paper, the hammer had to be fired a fraction earlier in order to hit the slug as it went past. If the next job was on one-part stationery, the timing dial had to be adjusted accordingly. It was sometimes only noticed after half-a-dozen pages had been printed.
One of our jobs in the IBM Glasgow service bureau was to run off the walking lists for two of the local councils' electoral rolls. We had to use special smooth 17"-wide paper, and woe-betide us if the print quality was less than perfect!
The fact that the timing could be so precise always intrigued me. Further, I worked out that the chain was actually moving across the page at around 15mph. Correct?
By the way, does anybody want a copy of the IBM song book?
Simon Barratt
"Mystique and Lore" from Keith Falkner Jan 27, 2011
I did my Air Force stint between my second and third year of college, had been doing a lot of science and math from a young age, and was a double major in math and biology when the "junior birdman" interlude happened starting in 1961.Looking back -- and I'm sure most of the people who worked on computers back then will agree -- it was the variety of approaches that was striking. Part of this was from general experimentation in both hardware and software, and part was that one generally learned to program in machine code for most of the machines one worked with back then, and this required understanding their architectural approachs.
The first programming I did was PCAM machine boards (mostly 407 and 101, etc.), and that was interesting. The first three programmable computers I learned -- 1401, Burroughs 220, and Burroughs B5000 -- were all quite different. The next two were somewhat similar and more orthodox -- IBM 7094 and CDC 3600 -- but the next one -- CDC 6600 -- was quite unusual again.
I stated in the "Early History of Smalltalk" that I didn't understand or appreciate the really deep features of the B5000 when I learned it in the AF, I was taken with the byte codes and the stack, etc. It wasn't until I went to grad school in 66 after seeing Sketchpad and Simula that I realized just how radical and amazing the B5000 was.
Bob Barton happened to be at Utah when I was in grad school but he didn't like to talk about the past. However one could get him to talk about "possibilities for the future" and that would reveal a bit about the past. (I actually found out more by talking with his wife Wanda ...)
I was in pure math -- algebras -- and the idea of generic operations over abstract types is central to why algebras were invented. This idea was present in a file system written for the B220 that was there when I arrived, it was inherent in the B5000 (but I didn't see it used), and it was a direct principle in Sketchpad (also ca 1962).
One of the most interesting -- to me anyway -- juxtapositions is to compare the B5000 against any HW or SW of the early 60s -- the distance in concept and power is vast and breathtaking.
> From: Robert B Garner < robgarn @ mac . com >
Subject: Alan Kay's early 1401 memories (5 mins/day, training, custom OS, Meta II, Autocoder, Fortran), Burroughs machines
Date: November 5, 2008
To: ...1401 software folks,
This evening at the CHM there's a panel session on "The 40th Anniversary of the Dynabook" featuring Alan Kay and Chuck Thacker. The Dynabook was Alan's 1969 vision of a compact notebook with a flat screen, keyboard, and wireless network. (sound familiar? ;-) The Xerox PARC Alto workstation (co-designed by Chuck in 72) was also know as an "intern Dynabook."
As I learned from "Dealers of Lightning" history on PARC, Alan cut his programming teeth on a 1401 at an Air Force base in early 60's! I exchanged some email with Alan about his experiences, which I'm forwarding/sharing here.... I've cc'd Alan on this email...
On Feb 13, 2008, at 5:06 AM, Alan Kay < alan . nemo @ yahoo . com > wrote: Yes, an 8K 1401 was the first computer I programmed for real and extensively, while an enlisted man in the Air Force in 1962-63. I have many memories of leaning over the card reader with my code printout, trying to get the operator to look at various core locations (they would not let any programmer get near the HW), and you could only get 5 minutes a day of actual running/debugging with an operator.
We actually wrote an OS for this machine that resided in the upper 1K that would do batch processing and a few other utilities (thanks to Autocoder for the tailored macros that could be generated).
Of the many cool programs written for the 1401, my favorite is Val Shorre's Meta II translator (which was written in itself) from UCLA ca.. 1964. I did not find out about this until I got to grad school in 1966.
On Feb 14, 2008 at 12:01 AM, Robert Garner wrote:
I found the 1964 ACM paper "META II a syntax-oriented compiler writing language" by D V Schorre here: http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=808896META II is a compiler writing language which consists of syntax equations resembling Backus normal form and into which instructions to output assembly language commands are inserted. Compilers have been written in this language for VALGOL I and VALGOL II.. The former is a simple algebraic language designed for the purpose of illustrating META II. The latter contains a fairly large subset of ALGOL 60. The method of writing compilers which is given in detail in the paper may be explained briefly as follows. Each syntax equation is translated into a recursive subroutine which tests the input string for a particular phrase structure, and deletes it if found. Backup is avoided by the extensive use of factoring in the syntax equations. For each source language, an interpreter is written and programs are compiled into that interpretive language.
On Feb 14, 2008, at 4:32 AM, Alan Kay < alan . nemo @ yahoo . com > wrote:
The two most interesting things about Meta II were:
- it captured the idea of top-down recursive descent parsing as a "programming language for BNF", with a few key insights and a very simple design.
- This allowed it to be written in itself extremely compactly in just a few lines (this is included in the Meta II paper) which allowed any reader to make a Meta II for themselves in just a few days and bootstrap it onto their computer. Once you did the bootstrap, you had a meta-language for computer languages and also to improve itself.Many systems came out of this architecture. One of the most famous is "Tree Meta" (where what is generated is an abstract syntax tree that could be further processed for optimizations and better direct code generation). This was made and used by Engelbart's programmers to make the higher level language that Engelbart's famous hyperlinking media system was programmed in. BTW, 2008 in Dec is the 40th anniversary of Engelbart's big demo ("the mother of all demos") in San Francisco.
Re: The IBM 1130. Another machine I have many memories of. It was the base computer for bootstrapping my thesis project of "The Flex Machine" (done with Ed Cheadle). The 1130 could have been the first real PC but IBM managed to avoid it by some really crazy choices in both architecture and approach (I presume that its predecessor, the 1800 (which I'm not familiar with) started the craziness.)
On Feb 22, 2008, at 11:35 AM, Alan Kay < alan . nemo @ yahoo . com > wrote:
I should add a few things ...In the US Air Force in the early 60s, the "programmers aptitude test" was made up by IBM. I was at James Connolly AFB in Waco, Texas (a "training AFB") and was told that "no one at James Connolly had passed this test". Naturally, I was curious. The test was interesting, and basically a kind of IQ and problem solving aptitude test that took a few hours to get through.
Those who passed the test were transferred to Randolf AFB, the mother ship of Air Training Command. The accounting for this Command was mostly a huge PCAM (Punched Card Accounting Machine) "floor" about the size of a football field, filled with 101s, 407s, etc., all programmed by wiring up "boards" (which was a highly interesting pursuit in itself, given that quite a bit of parallel process thinking was required). There were also two computers: a physically large Burroughs B220, which was a "decade" machine in which 4 bits were used for each digit of a ten-digit word; and, there was an 8K 1401. Both of these machines were unusual by today's standards, but there were many architectural experiments back then so all programmers expected to learn a very different kind of logic and machine code for each of the 10 or so machines they were likely to encounter.
The vendors also ran the training for these machines. The 1401 training was one intensive 40 hour week conducted by IBM, at the end of which one was now a programmer. Actually one was a "coder". "Programmers" were people who designed "data processing" schemes and expressed them in flow chart form. These flow charts were turned into actual data processing by organizing and wiring punch card machines. These practices were carried over to 1401 programming and most of this was devoted to taking the manila folders of flowcharts for PCAM and getting the new 1401 "coders" to make these schemes doable with the 1401.
This only worked for simple tasks. And soon, the coders were doing more and more of the design.
There was no OS on the 1401 (later we made a 1K one that fit in the top of memory and could completely handle all the batch jobs in a 24 hour day, tell the operator what tapes to mount, etc.)..
The smartest guy there, Rachon Andre Douglas, was a staff sergeant who (as with about 30% of the programmers) had been a Russian linguist in Europe. He was my best friend while I was there, and I always expected to hear great things about him. But I lost track, and haven't been able to locate him.
Debugging was desk-checking. One could get 3-5 minutes max each day with the machine. Only the operator was allowed to touch it, and they had placed the card reader between the programmer and the console (good for holding one's listing) to prevent temptation. So the programming and debugging strategy was very different.
The crown jewel of 1401 programming was Autocoder, which was a really good macro system for its day (and pretty much any day). There was also an essentially unusable FORTRAN (zillions of passes, especially on an 8K byte machine), and RPG (which did work pretty well). COBOL was just starting to happen and was not used at ATG.
A much nicer language Balgol (Algol 58, a really nice design and implementation) ran on the B220, but still, most programming was done in assembly for speed and space. I invented an interesting sorting scheme for this machine, which had the usual property that the tape drives only ran at one speed (slow) and there was no faster rewind speed (as there was on the 1401 and most other tape drives of the day). This meant that merge sorting of large files was a killer, work got done only 50% of the time. I came up with a "Fibonacci" like scheme that could always be sorting, merging and rewinding.
The best learning I had while at ATG for my 18 months, was to learn the B5000 (which was not yet delivered, but there was plenty to read and think about). This was perhaps the greatest single HW design of all time, and it was certainly revolutionary in its day, in a time of unusual machines. It was really unusual (and truly great).
Dear Robert, My first permanent job was in 1963, at IBM. As soon as I learned how to program the 1401, I started developing commercial programs for many customers in Ontario. Among them were life insurance companies, manufacturers, department stores, an air transport organization, and probably others I forget.
I learned to wire panels for 602, 402, and 407, and casually learned the simpler ones, such as 088, 513 and the interpreter (557?). The only application I wired for profit was a series-50 602. Abitibi Paper needed a "crossfoot verification". I had to verify that seven figures in each card accurately presented A+B+/-C+D+E+/-F=G. It turned out that this was exactly at the upper limit of a series-50 602's processing power, so I had no room for error.
But I was involved earlier in a company moving from UR to EDP. This was my first job ever, a summer job in 1959; I was a high school graduate! In 1959, Canada Life, one of Canada's major insurers was part way through a lengthy file-verification process. Many thousands of cards went through a 108 Card Proving Machine, in an attempt to weed out errors before the computers arrived. I built a lot of muscles there, horsing hundred-tray files from end to end of the building and back again, then merging corrected cards back into those same files. When shortcomings in the 108's wired program needed correction, someone else had to do that, and I ran other UR machines, so I guess I know most of the card machines rather well. I do not put these skills on my resume, but you know, maybe I should.
As to "Mystique and Lore", that is a matter of individual involvement and motivation. I have greatly enjoyed most of my jobs, and I thought of the 1401 as a friend and co-worker.
Once upon a time, a company named Royal Insurance moved from Montréal to Toronto, and its programs moved from the Montreal Datacentre to the Toronto Datacentre, and they landed in my lap. They were AWFUL, universally examples of rotten rotten code, and I recall feeling sorry for the poor 1401 that had to follow these garbled orders and make endless stupid mistakes.
Here's an example of the illogic I found: Most months, a certain monthly program was supposed to detect a certain type of policy and punch two cards, but in October it was supposed to punch four cards, but the operators were aware that it punched four cards for the first situation, but only two for each following one, and used an 80-80-rep program to make up the deficit. Why? Here's why.
NOPUN DCW @0@ Usually, during initialization, we had MCW @2@,NOPUN but in October, we had instead MCW @4@,NOPUN The above code was executed once. Then, when some cards were needed, we had (logic to create the card) HITIT P S @1@,NOPUN MZ @0@,NOPUN C @0@,NOPUN BU HITITSo how did we get two cards in, for example March? NOPUN counted from 2 to 1 to 0, giving us two cards. Next time through, NOPUN counted to -1 and had its zone stripped, and then it counted back to zero, again giving us two cards.In October, NOPUN counted from 4 to 3 to 2 to 1 to 0 giving us four cards. Next time through, NOPUN again counted to -1 and back to zero, giving us two cards.
The author of this abysmal code was Joe Clenman, and he must have been aware of his shortcomings, because he put a lot of 7-byte NOP instructions amid his code, to simplify patching. So I called him NO-OP Joe (but of course I never met him, because his boss tricked him into retiring -- "It's the only way you can get the three-week vacation that you want for your honeymoon, Joe. I will be able to hire you back after you return from your honeymoon.") Note that there was no promise to rehire Joe, and FERSHOOER there was no such intent in the boss' mind. He thanked Joe for asking for his job back, and ushed Joe right out of the building.
And man, did I have a lot of detective work to do in order to determine from Joe's sloppy coding what the damn programs were supposed to do. I must have got some of it almost right, because within a year, Royal Insurance signed for some new applications, specifying that yours truly write the code.
Now, if I can recall these details after the span of 47 years, I think that recall shows that I cared a lot about the machine and the work it enabled me to do. We had musical programs, you know. I do not mean Turkey in the Straw or She'll Be Coming 'Round the Mountain on the 1403; I mean songs that were broadcast to a radio placed in the guts of the computer. They were tinny and trite, but of course so were the radios.
Back to Auto-Loder. One day, a few minutes after quitting time, I was trying to debug something, when a nearby phone rang, and a supervisor (not a programmer) answered. It appeared that a customer was explaining what had gone wrong, in very exhaustive detail. I could hear only the supervisor's side of the conversation, but I determined to gather enough information to solve the problem, and in fact I did. So I heard the supervisor cordially say good-bye to the customer and hang up. You know exactly what the supervisor's next word was, but he brightened up a lot when I came into his cubicle and presented three coding sheets with an Auto-Loder program that I expected to solve the problem. It came fairly close the first time we tried it, and worked completely within an hour. I think the supervisor and I sold a lot of programming when the solution was presented, but I got my reward by seeing the proper reports come out. By chance, this supervisor was my boss in 1985 and 1986, when I worked for a major Canadian Laboratory (which my grandfather had worked for in the early twentieth century!).
I have a long motorcycle ride in the next two days, so I will amuse myself on I-75 by recalling more of these anecdotes, and I'll pass some along next week.
I'll include one on vandalism!
(I made it up to the victim.)Keith
High Humidity and Crack Cores story from Rick Dill Aug 4, 2009
in response to worries about humidity control at CHM
At this point, local humidity control is probably not an issue. We are looking at over 40 years in which the transistors with slight leaks in there "hermetic" seal accumulated moisture under conditions a whole lot more harsh than the bay area. The transistors which might fail next have most of the moisture already inside and it won't come out easily without at least a vacuum bake (NOT RECOMMENDED). While I haven't seen the restoration room it simply isn't Houston in the summer. It was there that IBM encountered a one in something like 500 million failure of cores under high humidity. It turns out that the cores were manufactured in Poughkeepsie in a room with ceiling tile that slowly flaked residue. If a tiny flake got into the cores pre-fired ceramic mix, it would get pressed into a core by the pill forming machines IBM used. If the flake was completely surrounded by ceramic, it caused no damage. If, however, it was exposed at the surface, then in very humid environments it would expand and crack the core. The system redundancy was able to handle a few cracked cores, but in Singapore and Houston, among other places, the CE's would come in late at night and replace all the cores in a system without ever letting on to the customer about the problem.
The engineering solution was to create the most dirty clean room I ever saw. The ceiling tiles were replaced with HEPA filters,but the room was still involved in pressing cores out of black ceramic which was everywhere in the clean room. So long as the ceiling tiles weren't shedding, the cores were as reliable as one would expect from a small piece of ceramics.
That, of course, brings up the demise of cores in IBM just as the details of the physics was understood and the technology advancing at a tremendous pace.
Anyway, lowering the humidity in the restoration room is a useless exercise, at least as far as leaky transistors goes.
Rick ... no I actually never worked on core memories, although for a brief period we thought about magnetic logic using multi-aperture cores. The challenge was to build an alternate technology 1401, but management never got the program off the ground. It was fascinating to think about, but certainly not the right direction to go in.
A true story by Jan Swanson Loper Barris It was 1960 and the IBM 1401 was to be demonstrated for the first time in public at the Data Processing Management Association's National Convention. The Binghamton DPMA Chapter, of which I was an active member, decided to send me to the convention as a delegate. I had never been to the West Coast so the appeal of San Francisco and the chance to see the customers react to our "great new machine" was exciting. I really wanted to go, but I knew the trip would be expensive.
Fortunately, Jim Greene of Product Marketing and Noel Cappetini (Cappy) Manager of Product Publications thought it would be a good idea to have someone in San Francisco available in case there were any problems with the demonstration program which had been written, I believe, by Product Marketing. I had worked with the development team as the Lead Writer on the 1401 Reference manual and had knowledge of how the hardware worked and could write simple programs in machine language. After several phone calls and some fancy negotiating by Cappy, Jim Greene and the President of the DPMA decided to split the cost of my trip 3 ways and I got the approval to go.
I decided to leave a couple of days early the Friday before the convention so I could do some sightseeing in San Francisco. Just after my plane left the Broome County Airport, there was a tremendous storm and Endicott was flooded. The 1401 that was to be shipped to San Francisco was under water on the loading dock at the Endicott Plant.
Unbeknownst to me, the powers that be located another 1401 in Chicago and sent it to San Francisco. When I arrived at the Fairmont Hotel on Saturday morning, the customer engineers were assembling the Chicago 1401 at the demonstration site. They were using Product Marketing's demonstration program to test the system. Nothing worked! I watched them get more and more frustrated as they were sure they had done their jobs correctly.
Finally, I asked a pivotal question. "How many bytes of core does this machine have?" They investigated and informed me that the machine was a 2K version. Well, I knew that the demo program was written for a 4K machine and told them so. What were we to do? There wasn't time to send the program back to product marketing and the system had to be ready to be demonstrated on Monday.
Shortly, the systems engineer from the branch office that was in charge of operating the demonstration machine appeared on the scene hoping to do a trial run. We told him of our problem and he volunteered to help me reprogram the demo. (He was single and had the whole weekend free.) Between the two of us we figured out how to make the machine look good with only 2K available for the program.
We put a legend in core storage and gave one command after the other -- seek, print, punch and write to tape. There was no space left for error routines, so we simply left them out. On Sunday we punched up the code and ran a system test with the customer engineers looking on with great relief. Needless to say the 1401 performed magnificently. All the input output devices operated at top speed. We decided that this would make an excellent demonstration and went out for dinner at the Gaslight club.
On Monday the convention attendees gathered for the great unveiling of the 1401. I stood in the front row between Shel Jacobs, the 1401 Marketing Lead and Al Barr, the Manager of Product Planning—both from Endicott. The local demonstrators had no experience with the 1401 and put the cards in the card reader upside down.
Red error lights flashed galore. But, with no error routines to stop the system it just kept going. The tape reels spun, the RAMAC search arm moved quickly, the cards punched in rapid succession and the printer spewed out reams of paper as fast as possible. It was an impressive sight! Shel and Al were proud as they could be.
Then, Al Barr turned to me and said "Did you have something to do with this, Jan"? I nodded.
1401 PowerUP, Time & Life Building from Jud McCarthy May 1, 2005
A little background: A major show case for IBM of their wares was at the Time Life Building in a prestigious section of Manhatten.
Robert: In reading the correspondence between you and Chuck Branscomb, concerning the 1401 and the transmission from punched cards to magnetic tape and on to disk systems, reminded me of a story as it applied to installing the first 1401 System at the Time and Life building in NY City. The following dialogue especially jerked my memory.
"I'm assuming that the tape systems (and then later 1405/1311 disk systems) did move thousands of unit-record accounting machine users to another "new world" without storing data on zillions of punched cards. My blurb says (this factoid from the 1971 THINK magazine article on 1401):
"A year later, the first 1401 was delivered to Time-Life, which transferred 40 million cards to just several hundred magnetic tape reels. Unforeseen by all involved, 1401 tape (and later magnetic disk) systems effectively ended the era of storing data records on countless punched cards. "
The Story:
After working on the original Development Engineering team of the 1401 and spending time early on, assisting 1401 Manufacturing to debug the first units on the line, I was asked to fly down to NYC to assist in setting up the first 1401 system in the Time & Life building. As a young snotty nosed kid and one of the low men on the totem pole, I was more than excited and anxious to accept the challenge.
The mission was to get there and prepare the raised floor area in the basement of the Time & Life building for installation, prior to the arrival of the system. On arrival of the system we were to unpack all the system units, string the large power and signal cables under the raised floor, and get it set up and tested before 7:30 AM the next morning. The system finally arrived very late afternoon and we proceeded to set it up and get ready to put power on. Our estimate was that we would be ready for "power on" at midnight, and were told that a person would be there to assist us, but we were not to plug the power cable in until he arrived. At midnight, we were ready for power, but no one showed up to plug the power cable in. At 2:00 AM were getting wrestles and had a maintenance person start making phone calls. He told us someone would be in, in about ˝ hour. By 4:00 AM, we were afraid we would not make the 7:30 AM system ready dead line, and that customers scheduled to view a functioning system that morning would be more than disappointed.
Being responsible for the 1401 power system, I then took it upon myself and went over and plugged the system in. We commenced to bring the system up and get it functioning. At 6:00 AM a big man came in with clip board under his arm yelling "Who the hell plugged in this system?" Of course everyone looked at me. He came over to me and looked down and said " Are you the one who plugged the power in ?" After I confessed, he took out his pen and clip pad and yelled "Give me your name and who you represent, no one is supposed to plug the power in except me." Being very naive and scarred to death, I took out my little Think Pad that I was keeping notes on and simply said "OK, but please give me your name and where were you at midnight, when we were told someone would be here to handle the power?" He hesitated for a minute, with everyone watching, and said in a loud voice "Have you got this system up and running?" After I said "Yes, we are just about finished" he walked around the area, making gestures with his arms, while checking every thing out and turned and said. "OK, if you have any problems, let me know" and went into a nearby office.
I never thought anything about it, until later that morning when the system was perking along. That's when the resident IBM Senior CE, who had helped with the set up, explained that I had just encountered the local union official and could have shut IBM down for the next month or more. Sometimes being young, naive and ignorant of the real world can be an advantage.
"Slight of hand ;-))" from Jud McCarthy May 1, 2005
Here is an interesting 1401 Development story from Byron Rucker (1401 Development Engineer) that involves B.O.Evens and Chuck Branscomb. Regards ----- Jud PS: I believe Byron will be one of the mini 1401 reunion attendees in Endicott on 8/6/2009.
-----Original Message-----
From: Rosa M Rucker - rmaygolf at juno dot com
Subject: Re: 1401 tape and chain printer supportJud - I transferred to Glendale in January of 1959. I worked with Walt Shaffer on the attachment interface to the TAU unit.
We got two very early 729 tape drives (Serial No.'s 2 and 7) off the 729 tape line. Apparently they were delivered to the dock in the upper building, but Branscomb decided they must be for the 1401 so they got moved (late at night) to the lower building.
I understand B. O. Evans was on the line with Poughkeepsie trying to determine when he was going to get his tape drives for the 7070 program. We had tapes up and running very early. I do not remember the A, B, C model designation. Byron
Comment by Ed Thelen --Yeah Sure - and if not - we will put them to good use while we can - hate to see them idle ;-)) How to make "the system" work for you ;-))
ManufactNote-A from Jud McCarthy April 5, 2009
Rob: As I re-think about it, the A Level Model was most likely used in Europe. Again, Earl Bloom can confirm this. The C Test units were built by Manufacturing at the Endicott North street facility. Not counting the basement, they were built and tested on the second floor of Building 46 on the North East corner of the building. Building 46 was on the North side of the railroad tracks on the South West corner of McKinlney Ave & Watson Boulevard. The 1403 printers were built and tested on the first & second floor of Building 41, that was on the North West corner of North Street & McKinnley Ave. You could walk from the second floor of Building 46 (1401 test area) through a passage way right into the 1403 test area on the second floor of Building 41. Frank Silkman's team assembled & tested the memory units on the third floor of Building 46.
--- Regards --- JudSoft Spot from Alan Kay March 13, 2009
I have a very soft spot for 1401s (especially tiny little 8K ones like my first machine ever in the Air Force in 1962). Cheers,
Stan Paddock found this on Ed Sharpe's "Southwest Museum of Engineering, Communications and Computation" web site. My Early Days With IBM and Sorbus - by Howard Oels
I worked in a service bureau in New York that had both a 1401 (with 1406) and a 360/40 in the late 60s. It was John Felix Assoc. and had become a subsidiary of Interpublic (the advertising company). The 1401 was a great machine to use. And it kept running under the most adverse conditions. I recall one time when there is a voltage drop and the 360 and its equipment shut down. We had no lights in the computer room. In the darkness, with the lights off and the 360 down, the 1401 kept merrily running, its lights and its 729s being the only illumination in the room. The 1401 was an IBM version of the Energizer bunny - it just kept running and running...
Robert Garner asked about running the Mod 40 in emulation mode
Our 360/40 ran about 60% native and 40% emulation. We had an FE who wrote code for us that allowed us to run the emulator without re-IPLing. I don't recall exactly what it was but we were able to run 1401 Autocoder jobs mixed in with native 360 DOS COBOL and BAL jobs in a single job stream. There was a module sitting out somewhere on SYSRES that was executed from the // EXEC card which then switched on the emulator. When the 1401 job was done, it had a standard DOS // END card and the module restored native DOS. It was a tremendous boon for us to be able to run straight through and mix the jobs together without re-IPLing.
from John Van Gardner 12/12/2007 - WireWrapping BackPlanes
Yes on 25000 series, the card sockets were reserved and a lot of the wires were already there. You can tell this by looking at the tie down list on ALD page 126.96.36.199. There are 20 tie downs listed for the Overlap feature in the left hand column. These were supposed to be white wires and were used to prevent floating inputs from causing trouble. It was a lot easier and cheaper to let the Gardner-Denver put the wires in when the board was manufactured. This was a big help in reducing field installation time. I used to watch them wrap boards in Poughkeepsie. These machines had 2 wrap heads and 2 positioning pins all under control of servos. There was a reel of yellow wire about 3 feet in diameter and 18 inches wide feeding into the machine. It would strip the wire on both ends and the positioning pins would go down over the via pins bending the wire there and wrap heads would wrap the to and from pins. It was very fast and hard to really see what was going on. This machine wrapped one end of the wire in a clockwise direction and the other end was counter-clockwise. We had a manual unwrap tool in our tool bag that one end was for unwrapping clockwise and the other end for counter-clockwise. We could tell if a wire was put on at the factory as all our field tools wrapped clockwise.
They had a 1401 connected to a special built machine that looked like a pizza oven. The board was place in it with the pins up and a contact panel lowered to contact each spring loaded pin. The 1401 would put a voltage on a pin and scan all the others to see where it went. This would detect opens and shorts. It didn't take the 1401 long to scan every pin in the board. If any errors were found they were printed out on a B1 typewriter. There was a woman there that corrected any mistakes. If she made more than 3 corrections the board had to go through the pizza oven again.
Comments by Ed Thelen
We used Gardner-Denver machines at General Electric Computer Department in the 1963 era. They were used to wire all the backplanes of all the product lines. Ours must have been a slower model as you could definitely see what was going on, and the wrap direction was the same direction as field wiring.Interesting items:
- Each machine had an attached IBM 026 key punch to read the cards instructing the machine where to put the wires. If I recall correctly, there was one card per wire? About 40 of the 80 card columns were read, the rest of the card was rapidly skipped. It appeared that the machine did not pause for the reading of the next card - I imagine that the keypunch was reading the instructions for the NEXT wire while the Gardner-Denver machine was wiring THIS wire. Overlap operation ;-))
- I do not recall a wire checking machine. I suspect that any mis-wirings were left to the floor techs to discover and fix??
- I suspect that John's "Pizza Oven" was what folks would call a "Bed-Of-Nails" tester. One contact per position to be checked - or more generally a complete matrix of "nails" contacting points for continuity or what ever.
from John Van Gardner 12/11/2007 - date of 1401 Overlap
This morning I decided to look through all my personal letters from IBM and found the one attached. Then I looked at my story about Process Overlap and saw that I had written about the suggestion award: After they all finished talking to each other they turned to us with a load of questions. We had been the first field personnel to install the feature and the first to trouble shoot the bugs. They were very interested in the circuit I had designed to sync my scope and restart the machine. I told them I was going to submit it to the suggestion department for consideration. They told me to be sure and mention in the suggestion that I had divulged the idea to them. (October 31, 1962 I won a $50.00 Suggestion Award number D03556 for my Process Overlap Address Sync service aid.)
IBM suggestions would be rejected rapidly but acceptance could take a year or more. We now know that 1401 Process Overlap predates October 31, 1962.
from Bill Worthington 8/13/2007
Gentlemen: You have created a noble project to resurrect the work of the IBM 1401 development group of 40 years ago. But there is a missing piece. I propose that Dave Macklin, John Wertheim (co-author of Autocoder) and myself, write a history of the 1401 development group and how it operated then. It is a fascinating story full of interesting tales. We were the "first" programmers at IBM. The 1401 RPG compiler was written by an ex-industrial engineer and ex-airline stewardess. RPG was developed, ostensibly, to make it easy for people who knew how to wire the IBM 407 accounting machine to upgrade to the 1401. The 1401 Fortran arithmetic phases of the compiler was written by an 18-year-old genius, Stan Smillie, whose favorite expression at that time was "no sweat." There was Linda Heitner, a champion contract bridge player who used to talk about bridge in the office and program the 1401 at the bridge table (driving her husband crazy). Linda, I believe, wrote the object-time floating point subroutines. Etc., etc. I do have some artifacts from those days including newspaper announcements of the 1401 as well as an ad that appeared in Time magazine. Are you interested? Gary Mokotoff -----Original Message----- From: David Macklin [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com] Sent: Wednesday, January 17, 2007 8:21 AM To: Robert Garner; Gary Mokotoff- Cc: Ed Thelen; Van Snyder; Robert B Garner; Robert Garner; Ronald Mak; Dan McInnis; Bill Worthington; David Weaver Subject: Re: [1401_software] Serial compilation and the 1401 FORTRAN compiler Many thanks, Robert, for keeping me informed. I am copying Gary Mokotoff who coded most of Autocoder and FORTRAN (and has rediscovered many relevant listings, which he has made available to the Restoration project..) Gary is now a world-famous geneologist, in which pursuit he has invented a most clever way of reconciling the bizarre spellings of Eastern European names and places.. I'm well and still programming in APL2 for the PC. David Macklin ----- Original Message ----- From: "Robert Garner"To: "David Macklin" Cc: "Ed Thelen" ; "Van Snyder" ; "Robert B Garner" ; "Robert Garner" ; "Ronald Mak" ; "Dan McInnis" ; "Bill Worthington" ; "David Weaver" Sent: Wednesday, January 17, 2007 1:13 AM Subject: Fwd: [1401_software] Serial compilation and the 1401 FORTRAN compiler > David, > > Happy New Year! > I hope all is going well with you. > > The 1401 restoration has been making steady progress. > > Question: Did you see this email about Van Snyder keying in the > source for Autocoder? > > Regards, > > - Robert > > Begin forwarded message: > >> From: Van Snyder >> Date: January 13, 2006 1:33:35 PM PST >> To: 1401 Restoration Software Discussions >> <email@example.com> >> Subject: Re: [1401_software] Serial compilation and the 1401 >> FORTRAN compiler >> Reply-To: firstname.lastname@example.com, 1401 Restoration Software >> Discussions <email@example.com> >> >> Ed: >> >> David may be pleased to know that I keyed in the Autocoder source >> code >> from the listing in the CE manual, and then assembled it with the >> Autocoder cross-assembler I wrote, getting almost the same deck, the >> only difference being the strategy for assigning "set word mark" >> instructions that result from DA fields to individual "load cards." >> >> I had to make a few minor changes in the source, to make my assembler >> handle it: Mine can't do macros (other than CHAIN) yet, and it >> handles >> SFX a little bit differently. These could be easily undone to >> produce >> an "exact" copy of the version 3.0 Autocoder source code. >> >> I am happy to send it to him if he's interested (or indeed to anybody >> who is interested). >> >> Van >> >> On Fri, 2006-01-13 at 03:34 -0800, Ed Thelen wrote: >>> David Macklin (87 years old) visited the museum, >>> accompanied by his son, a valley resident. >>> >>> David was involved with >>> later phases of SPS >>> AutoCoder >>> 1401 FORTRAN >>> APL >>> >>> An image of David is at >>> http://www.ed-thelen.org/1401Project/Sched2006January.html#Jan11 >>> >>> I have just added an OCRed version of >>> http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/041/ibmsjIVRIH.pdf >>> (link by Robert Garner - thank you ;-)) >>> maybe most easily accessed via >>> C:\0-Net\1401Project\new.html >>> >>> Cheers >>> Ed Thelen >>> >>> P.S. I do not have a current e-mail address for Mike Albaugh >>> Who is the docent interested in APL? David published an >>> APL book. >>> David says the tape FORTRAN version contains the card >>> version images (mostly) >>> maybe we could restore a card version from the tape. >>> Does Van Snyder have the tape? >>> >>> ________________________
Predict Home Run Race from Jim Foley Sept 15, 2006
1961 Roger Maris vs Mickey Mantle Home Run Race in 1961 The Statistical Tab Co. was asked by the "Today Show" to predict the winner of the race to beat the Babes record of 60 homers. Their office was located in the shadow of what would be the World Trade Center in lower Manhattan, a big hole in the ground at that time. Their prediction was reported daily from the 1401 Computer Room with a live TV broadcast on the Today Show. Frank Blair was the news anchor on site. I would make my way into New York from New Jersey on the first Ferry from Hoboken at about 4 am.
My job was to make sure things ran smooth. Things went fine for the first few days until one day we hit a glitch. From that day forward the analysis results were run before the telecast and the results were re-fed into the 1403 printer. For the live show as the camera zoomed in to display the result I would crouch behind the printer and hit the escape button. Real Time at its best.
1st Computer to Satellite? from Jim Foley Sept 15, 2006
1962 The IBM 1961 – The first commercial IBM modem developed at the Glendale Labs in upper NY State. I received my training at the lab sometime late 61 or early 62.
My territory moved way uptown to just south of Canal Street. I was assigned to the ATT Hdg Building and their 1401 near the top floor. After being cleared for "Secret" I was told that were going to use their administrative 1401 and the 1961 modem to originate computer data to sent to the Telstar Satellite and return them. A full wrap around test was the plan. I chose of all things the 1403 ripple print program that was used to clean the print chains. I worked with the ATT techs for some weeks lashing the 1961 box to their analog multiplex converter with the lash up to Andover Maine for the transmission to the satellite. The original Telstar had one innovative transponder to relay data, which was a television channel or multiplexed telephone circuits. The test to Andover was successful with my ripple print pattern humming away after a two to three minute loop delay.
The day came for the test, Telstar would be in range for about a half hour. I Ran the patter through the IBM 1961 modem to the ATT multiplexer and off to Andover. We then waited. Nothing, nothing back to my waiting 1403, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, then finally at about 26 minutes later came the sweet hum of the 1403. This was probably the first computer communication to a satellite and I had the cleanest print chain in the US.
Side Saddle Printing" from Milton Thrasher
I knew Fran Underwood from my assignment to evaluate the IBM 1401 to see if its 1.4K memory was adequate to do useful work. Four of us Systems Engineers were involved: Bruce Campbell from IBM Boston was one of the others. I was able to write a program in 2 days to do Yellow Page advertising billings with the same deck of cards that were used to print slips for the type setters without having to resort the cards. That application had taken me several months to wire for a 604 Calculating Punch and 407 Accounting Machine, both of which had to have extra memory to do it. It was exactly the proof they needed for a significant application.
Earl Bloom worked under Frank Underwood and developed the printer chain slugs for the IBM 1403 printer.
Earl was not aware of the "side saddle" printing approach I developed for printing 8 column listings per page of telephone number changes for the "Intercept Directories" at New Jersey Bell Telephone. Telephone operators were given printed lists of telephone number changes daily so that if you called a number that was changed, you would be routed to their switch board so that they could tell of the new number from their directory. I remember that Walter Smith was the IBM salesman for NJ Bell who brought the problem to me. I have copied him in hopes he can recall some other aspects to this solution.
The problem in printing the directory on the 8K IBM 1401 4 Tape System was that there was not enough memory for the 8 columns of from and to phone numbers on a page. A 16K IBM 1401 was either not available or too expensive. I had heard of a printer on the IBM 704 at Bell Labs that was able to do printing with wires at 90 degrees from normal So, I used that idea by turning the type slugs 90 degrees from the normal to print one column, then read in the next column and print it until the page was filled with 8 columns before advancing to the next page.
This approach allowed our IBM Newark, NJ office to sell some IBM 1401s. The idea was then circulated to other phone companies including NY Telephone where more IBM 1401s were sold.
I received a congratulatory and thank you letter from Tom Watson, Jr for this effort. It was at a time when IBM was looking for novel applications that helped sell equipment. This may have influenced my being promoted to Manager of Systems Engineering Techniques Development Manager in the Eastern Region at 425 Park Avenue, NY a few years later.
Foiling Honeywell "Liberator" from Milton Thrasher
I have a story about my shoe box full of IBM 1401 Autocoder macros that I called the "Captivator" because the Honeywell 200 "Liberator" program could not convert the IBM 1401 Autocoder created programs if they included the macros from my shoe box. I got the macros from Ed Czerkies, an IBM 1401 Installation Manager at IBM Corp Headquarters at 590 Madison Avenue, NYC I circulated them all over North Jersey and the prevented a lot of Honeywell 200 sales.
UpdatingPunchedCards provided by Stan Paddock
PS: I got this story some 20 years ago from somebody who worked in the building where this happened.
A large insurance company in Boston was expanding their data processing section. They brought in a girl from accounting to learn data processing.
Every insurance company had very large actuary tables. This girl's job was to make finite adjustments to this table. She was given the list, and shown how to find the punch card to change. She was asked if she knew how to change the card and she said yes.
A couple of months later, she stated she wanted to quit. She would give no reason for quiting and wanted to leave that day without the customary 2 weeks notice. Nobody could figure what happened to cause this immediate exit.
A few weeks later, they noticed the numbers were not coming out as expected.
When they evaluated the girl's changes, they found that she had pulled each card, erased the letters with an eraser, and neatly wrote in the new data.
When she realized what she had done wrong, she could not bare to face the embarrassment.
Ok, Another true story.
In a particular IBM 370 job shop, there was a job that always abended at the end of the job. While this did produce a memory dump, the job had completed correctly. With other irons in the fire, the programming group took their time fixing the problem.
The day after they fixed the problem, the user called up and said "Where is my numbers report?"
the Computer Wanted It
provided by Simon Wheaton-Smith via Judy Strebel
I offer for you my own story, humorous, and it linked the IBM 1401 and 306/30 in a "what hath Babbage wrought" context. As background, my name is Simon Wheaton-Smith. I wrote the PATCHES spooling system for the 360 and SHADOW, later SHADOW II a teleprocessing system marketed by Altergo. I also wrote the ITT COurier Doomsday system of multi terminal diagnostics, and later the Computer Associates GDDM compatible graphics package....
Many years ago I worked at Thos Cook in Lonmdon. We had converted from the 1401 to a 32k 360/30. We used the 1401 emulator however when we converted from BOS to DOS (I wrote the BDOS converter also), the emulator was not an option. The available simulator from IBM that could run under DOS had no sterling feature so I wrote a 1401 simulator under DOS for the 360/30.
As time progressed and as we were converting from 1401 to 360 DOS and from BOS to DOS, we had a review of where we were and of our inefficiencies.
I asked Ron Bray, my boss, why computer supervisor Olive took a deck of cards every day, part of our foreign debits accounting system, and manually punched in stuff, and then manually wrote with a ball point pen syuff on the cards. This was about 100 cards a day. David Soal was the analyst, he said he had no idea.
My boss called Fred Taylor who was the operations manager and we met, he had no idea. He called Olive and asked her to bring the cards with her. I took one look and broke out laughing. The cards began in column 40 with a, "L", six digits, some "," and ended with "1040".
For many years, Olive had been doing something that "the computer wanted". It turns out that yeas earlier on the 1401 part of a self loading deck was left in a punch buffer, and the foreign debits program used gangpunching, and the self loading stuff wound up on the data cards, completely irrelevant and a mistake. But Beryl, the operator at the time, took them to Olive and said "the computer did it". Olive said "it must be important", so for many years, Olive decided to save the key punch girls the effort, and she manually reproduced faithfully that mistake. About 100 cards a day, 5 days a week, 52 weeks a year, and years.
Simon Wheaton-Smith MBCS, CITP
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SeaSense Super-strong Utility Magnet is rated out of 5 by 30.Rated 5 out of 5 by QUENTIN from Nice design, good coating to protect things but, not as strong as I thought it would be.Date published: 2014-05-23Rated 1 out of 5 by JAMES W from The WX2-186405 Seasense Magnetic Anchor Retriever that I received would not in anyway lift a 35 pound anchor let alone anything over 5 pounds especially when located under water. The price wanted for this item should have alerted me of an inferior magnet to be able to lift up to a 35 pound anchor under water.Date published: 2014-05-21Rated 4 out of 5 by RONALD from it works greatDate published: 2014-04-27Rated 3 out of 5 by DAVID from I was a little dissatisfied on the strength of the magnetDate published: 2014-04-10Rated 3 out of 5 by MARC from Product is ok but appeared to be larger in photo.Price was a bit high!Date published: 2014-03-31Rated 2 out of 5 by MICHAEL from GOODDate published: 2014-02-20Rated 5 out of 5 by DEE from Good heavy duty magnet. Will order another one. Well worth the price.Date published: 2014-02-04Rated 3 out of 5 by ROGER from Item is not as describedDate published: 2013-11-27
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Integrative Oncology: Managing Cancer Pain with Complementary and Alternative Therapies
- Alice Running,
- Teresa Seright
- … show all 2 hide
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Get AccessAbstract
For the projected 1,638,910 patients with a diagnosis of cancer this year, the great majority of them (75–90 %) will experience cancer-related pain. A growing number of these patients will turn to complementary and alternative therapies to assist with the management of their pain and other cancer-related symptoms. The World Health Organization's suggested approach to pain management begins with the use of time honored opioids, but recommends the use of adjuvant therapies early in the management process. Complementary and alternative therapies are being used by more patients each year to assist with the management of their pain. Practitioners and researchers must be aware of the evidence that exists to support or refute the use of these therapies. In this manuscript we review evidence from the recent past on complementary and alternative therapies for pain with emphasis on more common modalities including acupuncture, bio-energy, massage, and music.
- American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2012. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2012. http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@epidemiologysurveilance/documents/document/acspc-031941.pdf.
- International Association for the Study of Pain. (2011). IASP Taxonomy. http://www.iasp-pain.org/Content/NavigationMenu/GeneralResourceLinks/PainDefinitions/default.htm.
- NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. (2010). Adult cancer pain. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 8(9). http://www.nccn.org/JNCCN/toc/2010september.asp#adult.
- Fayed, L. (2009). About cancer: Cancer pain. http://cancer.about.com/od/endoflifeissues/a/cancerpaintypes.htm.
- Induru RR, Lagman RL. Managing cancer pain: frequently asked questions. Cleve Clin J Med. 2011;78(7):449–64. CrossRef
- Portenoy RK. Treatment of cancer pain. Lancet. 2011;377(9784):2236–47. CrossRef
- World Health Organization. (2011). WHO's pain relief ladder. http://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/painladder/en/.
- Bardia A, Barton DL, Prokop LJ, Bauer BA, Moynihan TJ. Efficacy of complementary and alternative medicine therapies in relieving cancer pain: a systematic review. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(34):5457–64. CrossRef
- Cassileth B, Trevisan C, Gubili J. Complementary therapies for cancer pain. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2007;11(4):265–9. doi:10.1007/s11916-007-0202-8. CrossRef
- Pujol L, Monti D. Managing cancer pain with nonpharmacologic and complementary therapies. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2007;107(12 Suppl 7):ES15-21.
- Kassab S, Cummings M, Berkovitz S, et al. Homeopathic medicines for adverse effects of cancer treatments. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(2):CD0048455. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004845.pub2.
- Landier W, Tse AM. Use of complementary and alternative medical interventions for the management of procedure-related pain, anxiety, and distress in pediatric oncology: an integrative review. J Pediatr Nurs. 2010;25(6):566–79. CrossRef
- Cassileth BR, Keefe FJ. Integrative and behavioral approaches to the treatment of cancer-related neuropathic pain. Oncologist. 2010;15(Suppl 2):19–23. CrossRef
- •• Running A, Turnbeaugh E. Oncology pain and complementary therapy. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2011;15(4):374–9. This article reviews evidence related to the use of CAM therapies for oncology pain. CrossRef
- Deng GE, et al. Integrative oncology practice guidelines. J Soc Integr Oncol. 2007;5(2):65–84. doi:10.2310/7200.2007.002. CrossRef
- O'Regan D, Filshie J. Acupuncture and cancer. Auton Neurosci. 2010;157(1–2):96–100. CrossRef
- Paley CA, Johnson JI, Bennett MI. Should physiotherapists use acupuncture for treating patients with cancer-induced bone pain? A discussion paper. Physiotherapy. 2011;97(2011):256–63. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2010.08.008. CrossRef
- •• Hopkins-Hollis AS. Acupuncture as a treatment modality for the management of cancer pain: the state of the science. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2010;37(5):E344–348. This manuscript reviews recent evidence related to the use of acupuncture for cancer pain. CrossRef
- Bao T, Ye X, Skinner J, Cao B, Fisher J, Nesbit S, Grossman SA. The analgesic effect of magnetic acupressure in cancer patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration and biopsy: a randomized, blinded, controlled trial. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2011;41(6):995–1002. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.08.012. CrossRef
- Johnstone PAS. Acupuncture as cancer symptom therapy: what a difference a decade makes. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2011;4(4):209–13. doi:10.1016/j.jams.2011.09.011. CrossRef
- Donald G, Tobin I, Stringer J. Evaluation of acupuncture in the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Acupunct Med. 2011;29(3):230–3. doi:10.1136/acupmed.2011.0100265. CrossRef
- Ezzo JM et al. Acupuncture-point stimulation for chemotherapy-induced nausea or vomiting. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(2):CD002285. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002285.pub2.
- Gilmour J, Harrison C, Asadi L, Cohen MH, Vohra S. Informed consent: advising patients and parents about complementary and alternative medicine therapies. Pediatrics. 2011;128(4):S187–92. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-2720H. CrossRef
- Bennett JA, Cameron LD, Whitehead LC, Porter D. Differences between older and younger cancer survivors in seeking cancer information and using complementary/alternative medicine. J Gen Intern Med. 2009;24(10):1089–94. doi:10.1007/s11606-009-0979-8. CrossRef
- Paley CA, Johnson MI, Tahsani OA, Bagnall AM. Acupuncture for cancer pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(1):CD007753. doi:10.1002/14651858.
- •• Anderson JG, Taylor AG. Bio-field therapies and cancer pain. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2012;16(1):43–8. This manuscript reviews recent evidence related to the use of bio-field therapies for cancer pain. CrossRef
- Jackson E, Kelley M, McNeil P, Meyer E, Schlegel L, Eaton M. Does therapeutic touch help reduce pain and anxiety in patients with cancer? Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2008;12(1):113–20. CrossRef
- Falkensteiner M, Mantovan F, Muller I, Them C. The use of massage therapy for reducing pain, anxiety, and depression in oncological palliative care patients: a narrative review of the literature. ISRN Nurs. 2011;2011:929868. doi:10.5402/2011/929868.
- Cunningham JE, Kelechi T, Sterba K, et al. Case report of a patient with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy treated with manual therapy (massage). Support Care Cancer. 2011;19(9):1473–6. CrossRef
- Lyon DE, Schubert C, Taylor AG. Pilot study of cranial stimulation for symptom management in breast cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2010;37(4):476–83. CrossRef
- Li X-M, Yan H, Zhou K-N, Dang S-N, Wang D-L, Zhang Y-P. Effects of music therapy on pain among female breast cancer patients after radical mastectomy: results from a randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010;128:411–9. doi:10.1007/s10549-011-1533-z. CrossRef
- Nguyen TN, Nilsson S, Hellsrom A, Bengtson A. Music therapy to reduce pain and anxiety in children with cancer undergoing lumbar puncture: a randomized clinical trial. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 2012;27(3):146–55. doi:101177/1043454209355983. CrossRef
- Yamamoto K, Nagata S. Physiological and psychological evaluation of the wrapped warm footbath as a complementary nursing therapy to induce relaxation in hospitalized patients with incurable cancer a pilot study. Cancer Nurs. 2011;34(3):185–92. doi:10.1097/NCC.0b013e3181fe4d2d. CrossRef
- Ali A, Vitulano LA. A brief report: Yale Research Symposium on Complementary and Integrative Medicine. Yale J Biol Med. 2010;83(3):123–5.
- Yap KY-L, Kuo EY, Lee JJJ, Chui WK, Chan A. An onco-informatics database for anticancer drug interactions with complementary and alternative medicines used in cancer treatment and supportive care: an overview of the OncoRx project. Support Care Cancer. 2010;18(7):883–91. doi:10.1007/s00520-009-0729-9. CrossRef
- Title
- Integrative Oncology: Managing Cancer Pain with Complementary and Alternative Therapies
- Journal
Current Pain and Headache Reports
Volume 16, Issue 4 , pp 325-331
- Cover Date
- 2012-08-01
- 10.1007/s11916-012-0275-x
- Print ISSN
- 1531-3433
- Online ISSN
- 1534-3081
- Publisher
- Current Science Inc.
- Additional Links
- Topics
- Keywords
- Complementary therapies
- Alternative therapies
- Cancer
- Pain
- Acupuncture
- Bio-Energy
- Massage
- Music therapy
- Evidence
- Industry Sectors
- Authors
- Alice Running (1)
- Teresa Seright (1)
- Author Affiliations
- 1. College of Nursing, Montana State University, P.O. Box 17350, Bozeman, MT, 59717-3560, USA


text:
Validus Holdings, Ltd. To Release Third Quarter 2013 Financial Results On October 24, 2013
Validus Holdings, Ltd. ("Validus" or the "Company") (NYSE: VR) announced today that it plans to release its financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2013, after the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange on Thursday, October 24, 2013. The Company will hold a conference call for analysts and investors at 10:00 a.m. (Eastern) on Friday, October 25, 2013, to discuss these results.
The conference call may be accessed by dialing 1-888-771-4371 (U.S. callers) or 1-847-585-4405 (International callers) and entering the passcode 35678625. Those who intend to participate in the call should dial in at least 10 minutes in advance. A live webcast of the call will be available online at the "Investor Relations" section of the Company's website located at www.validusholdings.com. A replay of the call will be available through November 8, 2013, by dialing 1-888-843-7419 (U.S. callers) or 1-630-652-3042 (International callers) and entering the passcode 35678625. A replay of the webcast will be available at the "Investor Relations" section of the Company's website.
About Validus Holdings, Ltd.
Validus Holdings, Ltd. is a provider of reinsurance, insurance, and insurance linked securities management operating through three primary segments, Validus Reinsurance, Ltd., Talbot Holdings Ltd. and AlphaCat Managers, Ltd. Validus Reinsurance, Ltd. ("Validus Re") is a Bermuda based reinsurer focused on short tail lines of reinsurance. Talbot Holdings Ltd. ("Talbot") is the Bermuda parent of the specialty insurance group primarily operating within the Lloyd's insurance market through Syndicate 1183. AlphaCat Managers, Ltd. ("AlphaCat") is a Bermuda based investment adviser, managing third-party capital in insurance linked securities and other investments in the property catastrophe reinsurance space.
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Stocks Under $10
David Peltier uncovers low dollar stocks with serious upside potential that are flying under Wall Street's radar.
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Dividend Stock Advisor
David Peltier identifies the best of breed dividend stocks that will pay a reliable AND significant income stream.
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Trifecta Stocks
Every recommendation goes through 3 layers of intense scrutinyquantitative, fundamental and technical analysisto maximize profit potential and minimize risk.
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Options Profits
Our options trading pros provide over 100 monthly option trading ideas and strategies to help you become a well-seasoned trader.
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