text:
A Must Have Book Collection on UX
I present to you the cornerstone of my book collection on UX: 17 highly recommended books on User Experience by UX professionals. If you are looking for books about user research, interface design, information architecture or UX strategy, you will find a book to your liking.
For who is this book collection on UX?
I've been reading loads of books on UX but not every book made it to this list. I think this book collection on UX is suitable for both the aspiring UXers as the UX professionals. However, if you're a seasoned UX professional, chances are you've read most of these books but I hope I've included some of which you haven't heard of.
Undercover User Experience Design – by Cennydd Bowles and James Box
A must-read which is an accessible, up-to-date and concise guide of UXD techniques and principles from a professional's perspective, full with practical advice. UX professionals however will already know most of its contents. You can also read the full review.
The UX Book: Process and Guidelines for Ensuring a Quality User Experience – By Pardha S. Pyla
Few books in the field of human-computer interaction offer such a comprehensive, logical overview of contemporary methods and processes like this one. Pardha S. Pyla did an excellent job of distilling HCI techniques into a form that is digestible for newcomers to the field; showing where, when, why, and how requirements gathering, design, prototyping and evaluation should be done.
In my opinion it's a bit pricy but you get a lot in return!
Don't Make Me Think, Revisited: A Common Sense Approach to Web Usability (3rd Edition) – By Steve Krug
Usability guru Krug, with years of on-the-job experience, explains the usability principles and the do's and don'ts that will determine your Web sites' succes.
A Project Guide to UX Design: For User Experience Designers in the Field or in the Making – by Russ Unger and Carolyn Chandler
If you're looking for a fantastic practical guide to help you design user experiences for your next project, it would be "A Project Guide to UX Design". If you're interested, read the entire book review.
Designing Web Usability: The Practice of Simplicity – by Jakob Nielsen and Hoa Loranger
Designing Web Usability, written by the world's leading expert on Web usability, is considered being the Bible of every UX-designer. Although published back in 1999, it still covers most of the ux issues of the present day.
Rocket Surgery Made Easy: The Do-it-yourself Guide to Finding and Fixing Usability Problems – by Steve Krug
Yet another best-seller by Steve Krug! A handbook for putting usability principles into practice, focusing in particular on user testing.
Handbook of Usability Testing: Howto Plan, Design, and Conduct Effective Tests – by Jeffrey Rubin, Dana Chisnell and Jared Spool
A complete overview of usability testing from someone steeped in both the academic and business worlds.
Measuring the User Experience: Collecting, Analyzing, and Presenting Usability Metrics – by Thomas Tullis and William Albert
Effectively measuring the usability of any product requires the right metric, applying it, and effectively using the information it reveals. Thomas and William explore each metric and shows you how to collect, analyse and present the data.
Simple and Usable Web, Mobile, and Interaction Design – by Giles Colborne
I just ordered this book because I heard so much positive feedback about it. I will let you all know my two cents once I finished it.
When Search Meets Web Usability – by Shari Thurow and Nick Musica
In short: Creating a satisfying user experience is the key to maximizing search effectiveness and getting conversions. Nice read!
The Elements of User Experience: User-Centered Design for the Web and Beyond – by Jesse James Garrett
Garrett's book is a perfect introduction for someone who is just getting into the field of user experience design and want to understand its core ideas.
Designing the Obvious: A Common Sense Approach to Web & Mobile Application Design – by Robert Hoekman
User Experience Designer Robert Hoekman has written many wonderful books but Designing the Obvious is definitely the one you should read. Don't buy it if you're only interested in mobile applications because that chapter is pretty thin.
Designed for Use: Create Usable Interfaces for Applications and the Web – by Lukas Mathis
A great and practical book written by Lukas Mathis where he's not only explaining the why but also the how. Nice read!
Seductive Interaction Design: Creating Playful, Fun, and Effective User Experiences – by Stephen P. Anderson
Seductive Interaction Design will give you a great insight into the psychological aspect of design and user experience. It focuses on finding out what would engage your customers and every point is backed up by psychological principles and well chosen examples. An absolute must read
Designing Web Interfaces: Principles and Patterns for Rich Interactions – by Bill Scott and Theresa Neil
A great book that explores all kind of interface patterns into detail. Really usable material for interaction designers. I even wrote a little review of Designing Web Interfaces a while ago because I think it's really worth reading!
The Design of Everyday Things – by Donald A Norman
Although published in 2002, The Design of Everyday Things is still an excellent guidebook (and a classic) for the understanding of basic user-centric design in products, fixtures, software, and the everyday things that make up our world. I've written a more extensive review of this book.
Sketching User Experiences: Getting the Design Right and the Right Design – by Bill Buxton
This one is still on my to-do list because it was recommended by one of my collueges. If someone already read it, let us know how it was!
If you have read books other than the ones in this book collection on UX, let us know!
Editorial note: If you are more into ebooks, you must have a look at my collection of 15 free ebooks about User Experience and Interface Design.
41 responses to "A Must Have Book Collection on UX"
Yay! You've decided to leave a comment. That's fantastic! Please keep in mind that comments are moderated and rel="nofollow" is in use. So, please do not use a spammy keyword or else it will be deleted. Let's have a personal and meaningful conversation instead. Thanks for dropping by!


text:
Newport News Man Sentenced to 50 Years for Producing Child Pornography
ALEXANDRIA, Va. – Roberto A. Darden, 25, of Newport News, Va., was sentenced today to 50 years in prison for his role in a conspiracy to produce child pornography, as well as witness tampering.
Neil H. MacBride, United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia, and Juan C. Molina, Acting Special Agent in Charge of the FBI's Norfolk Field Office, made the announcement after sentencing by United States District Judge Arenda Wright Allen.
"Roberto Darden changed a 13-year-old girl's life forever by forcing her to endure violent sexual assaults and memorializing them all on video," said U.S. Attorney MacBride. "Today's sentence is just punishment for a man who lured this young girl to a hotel, filmed her sexual abuse, and then used the videos to blackmail her into prostitution – a well-rehearsed pattern he had used on young women before this one."
Darden pled guilty to conspiring to produce child pornography and witness tampering on Nov. 23, 2011. According to court documents, Darden, along with co-defendant Ujima Crudup obtained money in exchange for sex acts performed by a 13-year-old victim. The defendants transported the victim to hotels in Hampton Roads to engage in prostitution and provided alcohol and illegal drugs to the victim. Darden and Crudup then videotaped the victim engaged in sex acts, and Darden used the videotape to coerce the victim into signing a contract explaining the requirements of being a prostitute and working for the defendants. The defendants made fliers and posted additional advertisements on Backpage.com. The victim was provided a cell phone with which to communicate with prostitution customers.
Following his arrest, Darden contacted a woman from jail and told her to lie to investigators about knowing him or anything about his business. He also solicited the woman to contact the victim and offer the victim money in exchange for her silence.
Crudup pled guilty to his participation in the conspiracy to produce child pornography on Aug. 15, 2011, and was sentenced to 30 years in prison on Nov. 29, 2011.
This case was investigated by FBI. Assistant United States Attorneys Elizabeth Yusi and Lisa McKeel are prosecuting the case on behalf of the United States.
This case was brought as part of Project Safe Childhood, a nationwide initiative launched in May 2006 by the Department of Justice to combat the growing epidemic of child sexual exploitation and abuse. Led by the United States Attorneys' Offices and the Criminal Division's Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section, Project Safe Childhood marshals federal, state, and local resources to locate, apprehend, and prosecute individuals who sexually exploit children and to identify and rescue victims. For more information about Project Safe Childhood, please visit www.usdoj.gov/psc For more information about internet safety education, please visit www.usdoj.gov/psc and click on the tab "resources."
A copy of this press release may be found on the website of the United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Virginia at http://www.justice.gov/usao/vae. Related court documents and information may be found on the website of the District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia at http://www.vaed.uscourts.gov or on https://pcl.uscourts.gov.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Follow Us
NHI Newsletter
Legal Notices
Some Favorite Sites
- At Risk for HD
- barista
- Branford Eagle
- Business NH
- Chris Volpe Photography
- Crosscut
- CT Capitol Report
- CT Enviro Headlines
- CT Mirror
- CT News Junkie
- CT Watchdog
- Design New Haven
- Gotham Gazette
- I Love New Haven
- Josiah Brown
- Karman Turn
- La Voz Hispana
- Laurel Club
- Media Nation
- Middletown Eye
- MinnPost
- My Left Nutmeg
- NH Register
- NH Review of Books
- NHV.org
- OneWorld
- Only In Bridgeport
- Oral History Project
- Reddit NH
- Saved By Design
- See Click Fix
- Smartpill Design
- St. Louis Beacon
- Taste Of NH
- Valley Independent Sentinel
- Voice of SD
- VT Digger
- Yale Daily News
Government/ Community Links
- 'r Kids Family Center
- Agency on Aging
- All Our Kin
- Animal Shelter Volunteers
- Arte Inc.
- Arts Council
- Artspace
- Beth El Keser Israel
- Bike New Haven
- Boys & Girls Club
- Cancer Support
- Chabad of Westville
- Chamber of Commerce
- Children's Museum
- Christian Community Action
- City of New Haven
- CitySeed
- Citywide Youth
- Columbus House
- Community Action Agency
- Community Loan Fund
- Community Mediation
- ConnCAN
- Creative Arts Workshop
- CT Best Restaurants
- CT Tech Council
- Data Haven
- Elm City Cycling
- Elm Shakespeare
- Elmseed
- Empower NH
- Friends Of Wooster Sq.
- Gay Men's Chorus
- GNH Community Chorus
- Habitat For Humanity
- Info New Haven
- INFO NH Calendar
- Jazz Haven
- Jewish Federation
- Job Finder
- Junta
- Labor History
- Lawyer Finder
- Legal Aid Network
- Liberty Safe Haven
- Life Haven
- Literacy Coalition
- Magrisso Forte
- Mary Wade
- Music Haven
- Neighborhood Music School
- New Haven 828
- New Haven Chorale
- New Haven Farms
- New Haven Museum
- New Haven Reads
- New Life Corp.
- New Reach
- NH Land Trust
- NH Symphony
- NH/Leon Sister City
- On The Road To Greenness
- Orchard Street Shul
- Orchestra NE
- Parents Available to Help
- Pat Dillon
- Peace News
- PechaKucha
- Planned Parenthood
- Police
- Promoting Enduring Peace
- Public Allies CT
- Public Library
- Public Schools
- Public Works
- Rainbow Girls
- Register Calendar
- SCSU Events
- Share Our Voices
- Shubert
- Solar Youth
- Soul-O-Ettes
- Squash Haven
- United Way
- Urban Design League
- Urban Resources Initiative
- W. Square Blossoms
- West Rock Trails
- Westville Renaissance
- Westville Synagogue
- Workforce Alliance
- Yale Events
- Yeshiva NH Shul
- Youth Continuum
Project Longevity Divides Mayoral Hopefuls
by Paul Bass | Mar 14, 2013 8:12 am
(22) Comments | Commenting has been closed | E-mail the Author
Posted to: Campaign 2013
One said it unfairly targets black people. Two others applauded the basic concept—though one said it took the city too long to embrace it and still needs more government back-up.
Those views emerged Thursday morning about New Haven's "Project Longevity" as the three announced candidates for mayor gathered for their first joint forum.
The New Haven Register hosted the forum from 8 to 9 a.m. and live-streamed it on its website. The Register's Shahid Abdul-Karim (at left in photo) moderated the discussion with Democratic candidates (from left next to Abdul-Karin) Gary Holder-Winfield, a Newhallville state representative; Sundiata Keitazulu, a Newhallville plumber; and Justin Elicker, an East Rock alderman. All three are seeking to succeed Mayor John DeStefano, who plans to retire at year's end after two decades in office. Other candidates are expected to emerge in coming weeks.
The three offered differing takes on Project Longevity, a joint federal-city-community campaign that targets violent drug gangs.
The project began late last year as part of Police Chief Dean Esserman's broader efforts to revive community policing in New Haven.
Modeled on successful similar programs in other cities, Project Longevity identifies the small number of people committing the most shootings in town; maps out their gang affiliations, then brings them to "call-ins" with prosecutors, cops, social workers, educators, and community leaders. At the call-ins, they're told that if any one member of the gang commits a shooting, law enforcement will swoop down on all members of the gang and lock them up on any charges they can find. Prosecutors vow to give the cases highest priority. At the same time, leaders offer immediate front-of-the-line spots in programs offering job-training, housing, continuing education if the gang-bangers agree to go straight. Click here to read more about it; click on the play arrow to watch the principal of New Haven's Adult Ed deliver the program's message.
Since Project Longevity's roll-out late last year, the city has grown relatively quieter. After a 50 percent drop in murders and 30 percent drop in shootings in 2012, violent crime has continued dropping precipitously so far in 2013. It's too early to attribute the drop on any one of a host of new community-policing initiatives or to judge the long-term impact.
So far, Elicker said in the Register forum Thursday morning, he likes what he sees in Project Longevity.
"It's early to tell if it will be successful in New Haven. It's not going to fix the problem. I think we need to combat this problem of violence in our cities from many aspects," Elicker remarked.
That said, Project Longevity "has been successful in other cities for two reasons. One it is a stick, in that we bring folks in and say, 'We take this seriously. We know who you are. Knock it off.' ... Number two, there's a carrot."
He said he has reviewed literature on current best practices in American policing, and Project Longevity is included among them. So are some other tools New Haven has been using, he said, including the ShotSpotter system (which electronically alerts cops the instant gun shots are fired) and a "cops on the dots" approach. That approach includes stationing officers not just in the general areas, but on the very address where crimes have been occurring. Research in other cities has shown that, contrary to instinctual logic, the crime does not all simply move to other blocks.
Holder-Winfield, for his part, expressed some skepticism about cops on the dots: A criminal who wants to commit a crime will find somewhere to commit it, he argued.
Like Elicker, he did embrace the general concept of Project Longevity.
Holder-Winfield said that he and other community activists called for the same concept in 2007 at a Dixwell event calling for a "Zero Killings" campaign. Read about that event here.
"At the time we were told that was crazy," he said. He said it shouldn't have taken the city so long to listen to the community. Now that Project Longevity has started, the city needs to plan long-term to ensure follow-through, Holder-Winfield added; he said programs that work in other cities sometimes fail here because of too little follow-through. The DeStefano administration announced in 2007 that it was bringing a version of Project Longevity here four years ago, then abandoned it within months.
Holder-Winfield also argued Thursday that the city isn't doing enough on the "carrot" end. The city has manifold job-training programs, he said, but not enough follow-through to ensure people—especially those emerging from prison—have the "soft skills" to keep jobs once they land them. And developers and city officials need to stop making "excuses" about why more people of color aren't landing contracts and subcontracts on development projects, Holder-Winfield said.
Unlike his opponents, Keitazulu blasted Project Longevity and the current policing regime. He said he will bring back retired Assistant Chief Petisia Adger as the new police chief "when" he becomes mayor.
Keitazulu echoed concerns originally expressed in a Register story Abdul-Karim wrote featuring interviews with black New Haveners: that Project longevity represents racial profiling.
"I look at Project Longevity like I look at the war on drugs. People in the inner-city are going to be attacked," he said.
Instead of the gang initiative, he called for the creation of a "safety patrol" featuring "young people working with the police. Paying them. Hiring them. I think this is better."
He also called for the creation of two new vo-tech schools in New Haven. He would transform Hillhouse into one of those schools, he said.
"Every time I see these new crime bills come up, the only people getting affected is minorities," Keitzaulu said. "The prisons fill up. Minorities make up 12 percent of this country and 50 percent of this jail population. A t the same time, everybody wants peace."
Tags: Project Longevity, mayoral campaign, Gary Holder-Winfield, Justin Elicker, Sundiata Keitazulu
Post a Comment
posted by: UNH Grad on March 14, 2013 9:08am
I'm not sure how they think that targeting all known members and associates of a gang when one commits a crime is a NEW idea, nor do I understand why its racist.
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act - aka RICO (Enacted in 1970)
In layman's terms (and this is a BIG simplification because you could study RICO for years and not fully understand it,) it allows law enforcement to target ALL members of a criminal enterprise if even ONE member commits a predicate offense.
This law has been used against "La Cosa Nostra", Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (Hells Angels), hispanic gangs, police departments and even in some instances, the Catholic Church. Its incredibly effective at dismantling organized crime groups and has been held up in court numerous times. So you can stow the "its not fair to treat us all as one" argument, because the whole point of a gang is to act as a single group.
As for the "racist" argument. Last I checked the police don't pick who gets to join the gangs. Here's a hypothetical:
I want to start a criminal enterprise. I reach out to a few of my buddies who are of the same ethnicity and we get a group together and form a "gang." One of our rules is that we only allow people of our ethnicity into the group.
So sooner or later one of our members gets caught doing something illegal and tells the police that we ordered him to do it. Now, thinking back to the entrance requirements WE as the gang set, what do you think the racial makeup of the individuals on that warrant will be? I'm betting they will all be the same, but that's hardly the police's fault. They're simply arrested the members of the gang. They didn't decide that all our members should be X or Y race.
Food for thought.
posted by: anonymous on March 14, 2013 9:53am
Cops on the dots is a great idea. But it requires cops working more on the night shift, when most serious times happen. Will the new Mayor renegotiate our union contracts, or simply wait until the city declares bankruptcy (due to excessive union benefits flowing to workers who almost entirely live in the suburbs) and dissolves the police force (as other cities have done?)
posted by: The Miz on March 14, 2013 10:17am
I'velooked at the data for this sort of thing as well as Mr. Elicker. He's right in that it doesn't just "move to another block." And as UNH Grad suggested, this doesn't target race at all. Are blacks the majority of gang leaders in our city? Yes. That's a reality, not a fabrication or even a judgement, and we must deal with it as such. Since this isn't random stop and frisk, race-baiting plays no role.
As UNH Grad also mentioned, this is definitely not a new idea.
This article has proven to me more than anything that Mr. Keitazulu is extremely unqualified for this position.
posted by: Joe City on March 14, 2013 10:31am
Paul Bass…why do you continue to allow these patently false statements "(CITY) workers who almost entirely live in the suburbs" by anon to continue to appear on your website? He has a right to his opinions, but allowing his constant distortion of fact to appear is on you.
posted by: anonymous on March 14, 2013 10:35am
Joe City:
Police Union: 21% living in New Haven
Teacher Union: 23% living in New Haven
posted by: cedarhillresident! on March 14, 2013 10:59am
gee and I thought the rico act was just to target Italians ...J/K
All they have to do is come over to Cedar Hill on state street I bet they will get a bunch of folks.
Anon…we have a beat cop..who's hours were changed to (get this) 7am to 3pm…yeap because we all know how much crime happens during those hours! But because we have that beat cop….during the SLOWEST CRIME TIME in a high crime area…NO COPS COME HERE AT ALL AT NIGHTS. I did finally meet our new district manager and have to send him a list of hot spots….same list I have sent out for 10 years! 10 year same spots and NOTHING! Not really sure why…at one point we thought they had the narc people working on it….no that was just to keep us quite. park at the light on state and may…during rush hour…watch the deals happening at 5 pm while you are waiting for the light to change…they don't even hide it anymore because they know we have no cops…Check out what happens and who visits the backs of those venders…really you will rake up a who's who I am sure and a few child recrutes.
posted by: Threefifths on March 14, 2013 11:09am
posted by: anonymous on March 14, 2013 11:35am
Joe City:
Police Union: 21% living in New Haven
Teacher Union: 23% living in New Haven
Check this out.
Greater New Haven.
There are several official definitions of Greater New Haven. There are thirteen towns that are included in all definitions. These are:
East Haven
New Haven (central city)
North Branford
North Haven
West Haven
So does this mean if a person lives in one of these towns,are they stiil in New Haven?
posted by: Threefifths on March 14, 2013 11:28am
posted by: The Miz on March 14, 2013 11:17am
I'velooked at the data for this sort of thing as well as Mr. Elicker. He's right in that it doesn't just "move to another block." And as UNH Grad suggested, this doesn't target race at all. Are blacks the majority of gang leaders in our city? Yes
How about the LATINO GANGS like The Almighty Latin King and Queen Nation Mara Salvatrucha MS-13 which are in New Haven. And from what I have been hearing on the streets the Mexican gang SUR 13 are becoming big in NEW Haven.How come the poilce are not going after any of these gangs?
posted by: Yaakov on March 14, 2013 11:29am
Regardless of whether residency requirements are good policy, they violate state law and that does not appear to be changing any time soon. That is out of our control.
In the mean time, instead of bemoaning the fact that the majority of our city's employees live outside of New Haven, how about we work on what we ~can~ control—that is, how about we make New Haven the kind of city in which a young police officer or teacher raising a family would like to buy a house live?
From my experience in the boarder between the Dwight and Edgewood neighborhoods, Project Longevity is working to make my area a more hospitable place.
When I heard Elicker speak a few weeks ago at a meet-and-greet, he focused on those things that are in our power and in our control—what we can do to improve our city and make more people want to live here long-term instead of trying to city employees to live here against their will.
posted by: Joe City on March 14, 2013 11:45am
Anon…you're a statistician? "almost entirely" to me would mean at least more than 50%, and probably more like 90%.
Your casual adherence to the facts to make dubious points is a problem I have with this website for not correcting the misinformation, not with you…you can make any erroneous statement you want.
posted by: RHeerema on March 14, 2013 11:54am
I urge people interested in Project Longevity to read "The New Jim Crow" by Michelle Alexander, or if pressed for time, watch her recent lecture at Yale Divinity School: http://new.livestream.com/yaledivinityschool/alexander Powerful analysis of the inherent racism in our criminal "justice" system.
posted by: anonymous on March 14, 2013 1:38pm
Joe City: "almost entirely to me would mean at least more than 50%, and probably more like 90%."
The police union figure in the NHI article I provided is 79% living outside of New Haven. 79% is greater than 50%, and I think it is getting pretty close to the "more like 90%" that is your standard.
Yaakov, the NHI article discusses residency requirements, but I did not suggest that as the only solution. I agree that incentives also can work - the Yale Homebuyer Program is a good example.
posted by: Joe City on March 14, 2013 1:58pm
Anon, so the only people that work for the city under union contract are police officers?
posted by: JohnTulin on March 14, 2013 2:14pm
Keitazulu: already making excuses, playing the race card on an idea has nothing to do with race (as other commenter have pointed out), and claiming that pouring more money into New Haven's streets will solve our problems. What's next, Barbara Fair as his running mate??
Three strikes, you're out Sundiata!
posted by: The Miz on March 14, 2013 2:31pm
Because the Latino gangs are not responsible for as much of the crime (significantly less repsonsible for the violence).
Also, I wouldn't think that people coming from Greater New Haven would count as New Haven, in response to your earlier question.
posted by: Curious on March 14, 2013 2:47pm
JoeCity, don't let anon get you worked up, it's not worth it. Just learn to love his wild statements, and chuckle. My recent favorite is how "only the very wealthy, if anyone at all", would be able to afford to live in a new development. Yes, I hear Bill Gates and Her Majesty the Queen filled out applications, but were turned down.
posted by: anonymous on March 14, 2013 3:24pm
Joe City, the topic was police and police contracts. The police contract is a huge part of the city's budget. And the numbers for other employees were not much different, especially if you look at the higher-paid positions.
posted by: HhE on March 14, 2013 6:18pm
I think 1 in 4 or 1 in 5 teachers or cops living in the city they serve is rather good. I did some back of the envelope calculations. My carrier is not necessarily representative, but only 22% of the positions I held as a teacher did I live in the district. If we consider the years, it drops to 13.5%.
One of the challenges of arguing with anon is that he will change the definition of a given word. Watch "almost entirely" move from nearly every to something well short of that.
posted by: Threefifths on March 14, 2013 8:55pm
For those who are complaining about workers living outside of New Haven.How about when these workers retire and move to another state with there city or state pensions.Are they still not taking tax dollars away?
posted by: cedarhillresident! on March 15, 2013 7:44am
A chart done a few years ago by city hall about who lives here.
I am sure more have moved out since.
3/5th it makes a difference because the homeowners of New Haven are the ones that have to pay for all of this. If you live here and pay taxes you have a different fight in ya than someone that goes home at night.
posted by: Tom Burns on March 15, 2013 11:15pm
Kudo's to Ms Caraballo—you are right on in everything you say—so sorry to hear about your son—how does this story morph from what to do about this problem to residency—and those of you who harp on residency don't have a clue—yeah—lets have a smaller pool from which to pick the most important people in our localities to work in the most important professions—that is simply idiotic and lame—and basically an embarrassing tenet to espouse—so get educated and get a job, due to your abilities—not due to where you live—Grow up—Tom
posted by: anonymous on March 17, 2013 1:21pm
Tom, if you lived in an 80-90% non-White community where nearly all of your property taxes and rent payments were going to pay for City staff who came from privileged, dual-car, 95-99% White suburban towns—and where even highly-educated residents could not find jobs even after years of searches and job training—how would you feel?


text:
Book Your Stay
Kansas Highlight
Featured Events
Alert Today, Alive Tomorrow: Living with the Atomic Bomb, 1945-1965
Jan 25, 2015 - Mar 15, 2015
View Details »
Vacation Rentals
There's no place like a vacation home. These rentals give you the privacy you enjoy in your everyday life with your choice of lavish conveniences.
Click to Show Map
Scattered Acres Outfitting, LLC
1490 5th Road
Palmer, KS 66962
Phone: 785-770-7440
Palmer, KS 66962
Phone: 785-770-7440
Scattered Acres Outfitting is your destination for upland bird hunting, family gatherings, weddings outdoor recreation and retreats. Our lodges offer the perfect venue for your family or business ... More
Shady Cottage
Mercer Street
Matfield Green, KS 66862
Phone: (620) 953-2035
Matfield Green, KS 66862
Phone: (620) 953-2035
During your visit to Kansas' beautiful Flint Hills, treat yourself to a stay at Shady Cottage in historic Matfield Green, conveniently located near the Flint Hills National Scenic Byway. Shady ... More
Spring Creek Guest House
3127 W Road
Hill City, KS 67642
Phone: (785) 421-4125
Hill City, KS 67642
Phone: (785) 421-4125
Spring Creek Guest House is only rented to one party at a time and will accommodate 8. The newly remodeled house is located near Hill City, in a quiet rural setting near Spring Creek. Fully ... More
The Guest House in Hanston
205 S. Broadway
Hanston, KS 67849
Phone: 6203575561
Hanston, KS 67849
Phone: 6203575561
This comfortable little cottage will be all yours when you make a reservation. Two bedroom, fully appointed kitchen and laundry, living room and bath. High speed wireless internet & cable are ... More
Updegraff Grand Duplex
825 SW Western Avenue
Topeka, KS 66606
Phone: (785) 969-9631
Topeka, KS 66606
Phone: (785) 969-9631
JQ Historic Properties, Inc. newest extended stay facilities is Updegraff Grand Duplex. Featuring two fully-furnished luxury apartments available for short-term lease and executive stay. Each ... More
Walk in Peace Ranch
1883 Thurman Creek Road
Matfield Green, KS 66862
Phone: (620) 753-3418
Matfield Green, KS 66862
Phone: (620) 753-3418
For family or personal getaways our ranch can sleep 17 comfortably with 3 full bathrooms. Lodging for 1-2 guests will be $60 per guest per night. Group of 3-6 lodging is $200 per night. Group of ... More


text:
Envision, if you will, the perfect Catholic church building.
It seems as if every complicated moral issue sooner or later becomes a legal issue, at least in the United States. Consider, for example, the recent tobacco litigation.
The world of Catholic-Jewish relations is far, far better today than it was when I was growing up in the Williamsburg neighborhood of Brooklyn, where Jews were the overwhelming majority.
Is there anything more central to our existence than hope? And when it is denied, is there anything more disheartening?
While the number of refugees who are residing in a foreign country dropped worldwide in the 1990's, during the same period civil wars, government repression and other forms of social violence led t
Two nights before Thanksgiving, and no president-elect yet. A remarkable turn of events!


text:
Starting on March 5, all Judgepedia content will be contained on Ballotpedia.org. For status updates, visit lucyburns.org.
Sonia Sotomayor
Sonia Sotomayor | |
Current Court Information: | |
Supreme Court of the United States | |
Title: | Associate Justice |
Service: | |
Appointed by: | Barack Obama |
Approval vote: | 68-31 |
Active: | 8/6/2009-present |
Preceded by: | David Souter |
Past post: | Second Circuit |
Past term: | 1998-2009 |
Past position: | Seat #13 |
Past post 2: | Southern District of New York |
Past term 2: | 1992-1998 |
Past position 2: | Seat #3 |
Personal History | |
Born: | June 25, 1954 |
Hometown: | New York (Bronx), NY |
Undergraduate: | Princeton U., B.A., 1976 |
Law School: | Yale Law, J.D., 1979 |
- 1 Early life and education
- 2 Professional career
- 3 Judicial career
- 4 Notable cases
- 4.1 Silverman v. Major League Baseball Player Relations Committee, Inc.
- 4.2 Dow Jones v. U.S. Department of Justice
- 4.3 Castle Rock Entertainment, Inc. v. Carol Publishing Group
- 4.4 Tasini v. New York Times, et al
- 4.5 Malesko v. Correctional Services Corporation
- 4.6 Riverkeeper Inc. v. United States Environmental Protection Agency
- 4.7 Ricci v. DeStefano
- 4.8 Center for Reproductive Law and Policy v. Bush
- 5 See also
- 6 External links
- 7 References
- 8 Further Reading
Template:SotomayorSonia Sotomayor (born June 25, 1954) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. She was the first nominee to the Supreme Court of the United States by President Barack Obama.
On Tuesday, May 26, 2009, President Obama nominated Sotomayor to the Supreme Court of the United States to fill the seat of the retiring David Souter. Judge Sotomayor was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 6, 2009 on a super majority 68-31 vote[1]. [2],[3],[4],[5] [6],[7],[8][9] [10] [11].
Sotomayor is only the third woman to serve on the Supreme Court (after O'Connor and Ginsburg) and one of four current female Justices. Sotomayor has the distinction of serving as the first Hispanic Justice, which is believed to have been a consideration in her nomination.[12] [13][14] The Senate Judiciary Committee voted in favor of her confirmation on July 28, 2009 in a 13-6 vote with one Republican, Senator Lindsey Graham, voting in favor. [15][16][17][18][19]
There is general agreement that Sotomayor will be a "reliably liberal" vote on the nation's highest court. At the same time, she is not considered to be a "favorite of the left".[20] Sotomayor has been described as both outspoken and "quite brash" on the bench -- characteristics that could help her carve out a place in the high octane environment of the nation's highest court.[12][21]
Sotomayor's confirmation hearings were considered to be something of a formality absent a "meltdown" as Democrats had enough votes to circumvent any Republican attempts to block her confirmation. [22][23][24] [21].
Early life and education
Sonia Sotomayor was born on June 25, 1954 in the Bronx borough of New York City, New York to Juan Sotomayor and the former Celina Baez. Both of her parents were born in Puerto Rico - where she visits relatives once or twice a year on average [25] - and a young Sotomayor grew up in a bilingual household and did not learn to speak English fluently until after the death of her father, who only spoke Spanish, when she was 9-years-old. Sotomayor's mother, a retired nurse, raised Sonia and her brother Juan - a physician who lives in Syracuse, NY [26]- as a single working mother. [27][28][21]
Sotomayor was attracted to the law at an early age. She says she was inspired to become a prosecutor by an episode of the legal drama "Perry Mason" in which a character playing a prosecutor claimed that serving justice meant losing cases where the defendant was innocent. "I noticed that Perry Mason was involved in a lot of the same kinds of investigative work that I had been fascinated with reading Nancy Drew, so I decided to become a lawyer." [29] [30]
Sotomayor graduated valedictorian from Cardinal Spellman High School, a private Catholic school in New York City, in 1972. [31] Raised Catholic, Sotomayor is the sixth sitting Catholic Supreme Court Justice on the nine-member Court alongside Chief Justice John Roberts and Justices Anthony Kennedy, Antonin Scalia, Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito. [32][33][34][35]
Princeton University and Yale Law School
Sotomayor graduated summa cum laude from Princeton University with a bachelor's degree in history in 1976. While at Princeton, she received the M. Taylor Pyne Honor Prize, which is awarded to the senior who has most clearly manifested excellent scholarship, strength of character and effective leadership and considered the highest general distinction the university confers on undergraduate students. It is generally believed that she was awarded the Pyne Prize as a result of her work as the moderate leader of an on-campus Puerto Rican activist group known as Accion Puertorriquena at a time of polarized racial tensions at the Ivy League school. [36] [37] Sotomayor wrote her senior thesis on "The Impact of the Life of Luis Munoz Marin on the Political and Economic History of Puerto Rico, 1930-1975." [38][39][34][21][40]
Upon graduating Princeton University, Sotomayor would attend Yale Law School, where she was awarded her Juris Doctor degree in 1979. [41]. Classmates from her Yale days refer to Sotomayor the law student as "an intellectually curious person, although sometimes quitely so. Not one to stand out for the sake of standing out, but nevertheless, an involved student." She co-chaired the Latin American and Native American Students Association and was published in the Yale Law Journal (where she served as an editor) with the note "Statehood and the Equal Footing Doctrine: The Case for Puerto Rican Seabed Rights" which, as the title suggests, analyzed issues regarding Puerto Rico's ability to maintain rights to its seabed if it pursued statehood. [42] [43][44] [30][34][21]
Professional career
Assistant District Attorney
Sotomayor would join the office of legendary Manhattan district attorney Robert M. Morgenthau in 1979. She served as an assistant district attorney from 1979 until entering private practice in 1984 prosecuting everything from misdemeanors to high-profile murders. Sotomayor's time as a prosecutor coincided with one of the most crime-laden periods of New York City's history. An overburdened district attorney's office meant assistants would often take on dozens of cases in their first year. Sotomayor's colleagues at the time recall her starting her career as a typically frightened rookie prosecutor who quickly distinguished herself as a zealous and capable prosecutor. [45] Sotomayor would rise through the ranks of assistant district attorneys and would lead prosecutions involving robberies, assaults, murders, police brutality and child pornography. [30][34]
In testimony before the Senate Judiciary Committee during Sotomayor's Supreme Court confirmation hearings, New York County District Attorney Morgenthau recounted Assistant District Attorney Sotomayor's time in his office.
In the district attorney's office, the Judge was immediately recognized by trial (inaudible) supervisors as someone a step ahead of her colleagues, one of the brightest and most mature, hard-working, standout who was marked for rapid advancement. Ultimately, she took on every kind of criminal case that comes into an urban courthouse, from turnstile-jumping to homicide.
One of those cases, the Tarzan murder case, involved an addicted burglar named Richard Maddicks, who would terrorize the neighborhood during a crime spree that left three dead and involved his swinging into apartment windows from rooftops, shooting anyone in his way. He is now serving 137 years to life sentence.
Another case prosecuted by Assistant D.A. Sotomayor in 1983 involved a Times Square child pornography operation. That was the first child prosecution in New York after a landmark 1982 Supreme Court decision, People v. Ferber, upholding New York's new child pornography laws. Assistant D.A. Sotomayor left the jurors in tears over what the defendants had done to child victims.
These cases happened to grab the public's attention. But Judge Sotomayor -- Assistant D.A. Sotomayor understood that every case is important to the victim and appropriately gave undivided attention to the proper disposition of all of them.
Assistant District Attorney Sotomayor soon developed a reputation. Unlike many prosecutors, she simply would not be pushed around by judges or by attorneys. Some judges were eager to dispose of cases cheaply to clear their calendars. ADA Sotomayor instead fought for the right conclusion in each case. Maybe that experience from the criminal court in New York City helped her prepare for these hearings. [46]
In her Supreme Court nomination questionnaire for the Senate Judiciary Committee[47], Sotomayor counted three cases she prosecuted as an assistant district attorney among the "10 most significant litigated matters" of her career as an attorney. The first two were the aforementioned convictions of the Harlem Tarzan Murderer and the first successful child pornography prosecution in New York. The third was the successful prosecution of one of three defendants in a case involving a shooting in an apartment complex in which she was forced to present witnesses who had "significant credibility issues." [45][48][49][50]
Private practice
In 1984, Sotomayor left Morgenthau's office to enter private practice. She would spend the next eight years (1984 - 1992) as a civil attorney with the New York City law firm of Pavia & Harcourt. Established in 1940 to represent Italian corporate interests in America, Pavia & Harcourt now represents clients in the areas of commercial and corporate law, banking, media and entertainment, real estate, litigation and arbitration, intellectual property, estate planning and administration, and immigration services. The majority of the firm's clients are European-based manufacturers entering the U.S. market. [51] As one of 30 lawyers with the firm, Pavia & Harcourt provided Sotomayor with the opportunity to round out her experiences as an attorney while continuing to appear before judges and juries. [52]
A far cry from her days prosecuting murder suspects, Sotomayor specialized in intellectual property and copyright litigation and represented high profile Italian companies like luxury handbag retailer Fendi and carmakers Fiat and Ferrari. She spent a great deal of time focused on combating the Fendi knockoff market in New York City and was known to accompany the police on raids against suspected counterfeiters. Sotomayor would make partner at Pavia & Harcourt in 1988. [53][30][34]
During her time in private practice, Sotomayor would also run a solo practice, Sotomayor & Associates, out of her Brooklyn apartment from 1983 to 1986. (This did, in fact, overlap her time as an assistant district attorney by approximately one year.) Little is know about Sotomayor & Associates other than what the judge herself answered in her Senate Judiciary Committee questionnaire. [47] According to Sotomayor, the practice was an outlet to help "family and friends in their real estate, business and estate planning decisions." Some questions have been raised about Sotomayor's solo practice - for instance, why she added the "& Associates" when she was practicing solo, why she never registered the business, whether or not she was compensated for her services while also drawing a check from New York County and the exact timeframe of the practice, but there is no evidence that she did anything illegal or technically unethical. [54]
Sotomayor's private practice years would mark her last as an attorney as she joined the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York as a federal district judge in 1992.[55]
Judicial career
Southern District of New York
Sonia Sotomayor served as a judge for the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York from 1992 until rising to the bench of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in 1998.
Nomination and Confirmation
On the recommendation of U.S. Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Sotomayor was nominated to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York by President George H.W. Bush on November 27, 1991, to a seat vacated by John Walker. While this appointment was technically bipartisan in nature, it has been suggested that her nomination was the result of political horse-trading by Senators Moynihan (a Democrat) and Senator Alfonse D'Amato in which D'Amato agreed to endorse Moynihan's pick to President Bush. It is unclear whether the Bush Administration considered Sotomayor to be a moderate or even conservative judge although anonymous administration sources have said Sotomatyor was not their choice, but that of Moynihan.[56][57]
Her appointment was held up for nearly a year under the 'anonymous hold' loophole in the Senate confirmation process despite approval by the Senate Judiciary Committee and a "Qualified" rating by the American Bar Association. [58][59] Sotomayor was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on August 11, 1992 with the unanimous consent of the Senate, receiving her commission on August 12, 1992.[60] When she joined the court, she was its youngest judge.[61][62]
CLICK HERE for Sonia Sotomayor's confirmation materials from 1992.
Second Circuit
Sonia Sotomayor served as a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1998 until her confirmation as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 2009.
Nomination and Confirmation
On the recommendation of U.S. Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Sotomayor was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit by President Bill Clinton on June 25, 1997 to a seat vacated by Daniel Mahoney. Again, Sotomayor fell victim to politics when her appointment was held up for nearly six months after a March 1998 approval by the Senate Judiciary Committee as Republicans were concerned she would be President Bill Clinton's choice as a Supreme Court Justice. [63][64] Sotomayor was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on October 2, 1998 on a super majority 67-29-2 vote, receiving her commission on October 7, 1998.[65]
A "substantial majority" of judicial evaluators ranked Sotomayor in 1997 as "well qualified" for a position on the federal appellate bench, while a minority of evaluators found her "qualified." By way of comparison, of the roughly 30 judges who were appointed that same year to federal appellate judgeships, ten received a unanimous "well qualified" ranking, while the remaining judges were evaluated as either mixed (like Sotomayor, with a combination of "well qualified" and "qualified" assessments) or just as "qualified".[66]
In filling out her Senate Judiciary Committee questionnaire, Sotomayor wrote that "judges must be extraordinarily sensitive to the impact of their decisions and function within, and respectful of, the Constitution." [34]
CLICK HERE for Judge Sotomayor's confirmation materials from 1998.
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
On Tuesday, May 26, 2009, President Obama nominated Sotomayor to the Supreme Court of the United States to fill the seat of the retiring David Souter. Sotomayor was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 6, 2009 on a super majority 68-31 vote[1]. [67],[3],[68],[5] [69],[70],[71][9] [10] [11].
Nomination and Confirmation
Sotomayor's name had initially emerged as a potential Supreme Court nominee in early February 2009 when Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg's diagnosis of early stage colon cancer was announced.[5]. When David Souter announced his retirement, Sotomayor's name went from "a contender" to one of the names considered to clearly be on Obama's short list for a nomination.[72] [21]
Her joining the Court is not expected to shift the ideological balance of power on the Court as she is considered a liberal jurist who is expected to fill the seat of another reliably liberal vote in David Souter, despite his appointment by Republican President George H.W. Bush. Yet, not much is known about her opinion on "hot-button" issues such as abortion, the death penalty, gay rights and executive power as the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit tends to hear high-profile cases related to business and securities law on a more regular basis. [21]
Those looking for a sense of how Sotomayor might view her role as a Supreme Court Justice could look to her choice of Justice Benjamin Cardozo as a judicial hero. Sotomayor praised Cardozo for his "great respect for precedent and his great respect ... and deference to the Legislative Branch." What she left out, however, was Cardozo's own philosophy of judicial activism. In his most famous book The Nature of the Judicial Process, he included a chapter called "The Judge as Legislator" in which he wrote that a judge must sometime "pronounce judgement ... according to the rules which he would establish if he were to assume the part of a legislator." [73]
Her most high-profile and controversial ruling prior to her Supreme Court appointment was the affirmative action case Ricci v. DeStefano in which the Robert's Court overturned her decision to side with the City of New Haven, Connecticut when it withheld promotions for firefighters when no black firefighters scored high enough on the promotion exam to be considered. This ruling has led some conservative Republicans in the United States Senate to label Sotomayor as a judicial activist.[21][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83]
Despite hearing more than 3,000 cases and having written nearly 400 opinions as an appellate judge, it is Sotomayor's actions outside of the courtroom that appeared to present the biggest challenge to her nomination. Two statements in particular have raised suspicions about her judicial philosophy amongst conservatives looking to label her as a judicial activist.
In a 2001 speech at the University of California at Berkeley, Sotomayor acknowledged that a judge's gender and ethnic background "may and will make a difference in our judging." During her remarks, she said "Justice O'Connor has often been cited as saying that a wise old man and a wise old woman will reach the same conclusion in deciding cases. I am also not sure that I agree with the statement ... I would hope that a wise Latina woman with the richness of her experience would more often than not reach a better conclusion than a white male who hasn't lived that life." Sotomayor's remarks came during a U.C. Berkeley School of Law symposium titled Raising the Bar: Latino and Latina Presence in the Judiciary and Struggles for Representation. [21][84][85][86] [87] [88] [82][89]
In a political slip-of-the-tongue during a 2005 visit to Duke University, Sotomayor said that "a court of appeals is where policy is made." She was quick to qualify the remark when she said, "I know this is on tape, and I should never say that because we don't 'make law. OK. I know. I'm not promoting it. I'm not advocating it."[21][84] Sotomayor made it abundantly clear during her confirmation hearings that she did not want to be viewed as a judicial activist. In her opening statement, she declared her judicial philosophy to be "fidelity to the law." "The task of a judge is not to make law. It is to apply the law." [73]
Interestingly, liberal groups had expressed concerns of their own over Sotomayor's lack of strong rulings in support of liberal causes. Specifically, they have expressed concern over her one ruling on abortion in Center for Reproductive Law and Policy v. Bush in which she ruled in favor of the Bush administration's right to deny federal aid to foreign organizations that support or provide abortions. [90] [91] [21]
Another case that might have given some more liberal Senator's pause is U.S. v. Falso, a child pornography case in which Sotomayor sided with police despite defense claims that Falso's Fourth Amendment rights were violated because the police did not have probable cause to search his home. Sotomayor applied a "good faith exception" noting that police had obtained a warrant based on prior bad acts and regular e-mails received from a child pornography website. [92] [93]
In a 2003 lecture before a criminal law class at the University of Indiana School of Law, Sotomayor inadvertently defended the Bush Administration's right to hold enemy combatants to a different set of legal standards than American citizens. "So we have suspected enemy combatants detained in secret and given different process than criminals. One can certainly justify that type of detention under precedents and current law." Sotomayor would go on to raise questions as to the limits of encroachment on the civil liberties of Americans in her speech, but she continued to limit her opinions to law and precedent. [94][95]
As the first Hispanic Supreme Court Justice, Sotomayor made history with her confirmation on August 6, 2009. She is only the third woman to serve on the nation's highest court. The historic nature of her nomination gave some Republicans like South Carolina senator Lindsey Graham a pause during her confirmation hearings in attacking her nomination and Senator Graham would be one of 8 Republicans to support her nomination. The hold-back happened as support for the party is waning in the Hispanic community as a result of tough stands on immigration in the more conservative wing of the party.[21] [9] [10] [11]
CLICK HERE for Judge Sotomayor's confirmation materials from 2009.
Notable cases
Southern District of New York
As a federal district judge, Sotomayor did not hear many controversial cases and kept a regularly low profile with regard to Constitutional issues, but she did gain notoriety after several high profile rulings regarding the Major League Baseball strike of 1994, the Wall Street Journal's publishing of the controversial "suicide note" left by former Clinton White House counsel Vince Foster and copyright issues related to a trivia book about the television show Seinfeld. As a federal district judge, Sotomayor had one of her decisions overturned by the Supreme Court of the United States.
Silverman v. Major League Baseball Player Relations Committee, Inc.
United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Silverman v. Major League Baseball Player Relations Committee, Inc, 67 F3d 1054 (1995))In some camps, Sotomayor is considered the judge who "saved" Major League Baseball. Her decision to grant a temporary injunction against the Major League Baseball owners on March 31, 1995 ended the 232-day -long baseball strike of 1994. The injunction prevented the owners from installing replacement players and temporarily reinstated a five-year-old collective bargaining agreement allowing the 1995 season to take place and allowing players and owners to come to a new agreement nearly a year later. Her decision would later be upheld by the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.[96][97][98][99][100][101]
Dow Jones v. U.S. Department of Justice
United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Dow Jones v. U.S. Department of Justice, 880F. Supp. 145 (1995))In 1995, Sotomayor ruled in favor of the Wall Street Journal allowing them to print a photocopy of the final note written by Clinton White House deputy counsel Vince Foster who died in 1993. While the death of Vince Foster was ruled a suicide, it remains a mystery to many and a source of many conspiracy theories. As a result, Sotomayor ruled that the "substantial" public interest in the Foster story outweighed any violation of his family's privacy. [102][103][104]
Castle Rock Entertainment, Inc. v. Carol Publishing Group
United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Castle Rock Entertainment, Inc. v. Carol Publishing Group, 150 F.3d 132 (1998))Sotomayor ruled (and was upheld on appeal by the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, that SAT: The Seinfeld Aptitude Test infringed on the copyright of the television show Seinfeld. The case is often used in law schools as a modern application of the fair use doctrine. [105] [106]
Tasini v. New York Times, et al
United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Tasini v. New York Times, et al, 972 F. Supp 804 (1997))Sotomayor ruled in favor of the New York Times when it was sued by freelance journalists claiming the NYT did not have the right to include their work in the electronic archival database LexisNexis. Sotomayor's decision was reversed by the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and that reversal was upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States in a 7-2 vote (Justices John Paul Stevens and Stephen Breyer dissenting). [100][107][108]
Second Circuit
During more than a decade as a circuit court judge, Sotomayor has heard appeals on more than 3,000 cases and has written in excess of 380 opinions for the majority. She has had six of those decisions reviewed by the United States Supreme Court with 4 of them overturned and two upheld. Studies find her judgeship to have been moderate with respect to political leanings. A study of her 226 majority opinions since 2001 finds that 38% of her opinions could be clearly defined as liberal in nature with 49% of them falling clearly on the conservative end of the spectrum. She tends to be more conservative in criminal cases and tends to be more liberal in her dissenting opinions according to studies. [109] [110]
Judge Sotomayor is generally considered to be a competent jurist with a good legal sense who writes good opinions, but is criticized by some of the lawyers who argue before her as a "bully", "nasty" and a "terror."[34]
Sotomayor's judgeship on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit will forever be looked at through the lens of those considering her for the Supreme Court. In that respect, conservatives tend to point to several cases - all of which were subsequently overturned but the Supreme Court - which they believe identify a liberal judiciary philosophy and a tendency to legislate from the bench, earning her the partisan label "judicial activist."
Furthermore, in what has become a litmus test for United States Supreme Court nominees, Sotomayor does not have a deep record on the abortion issue. In her only notable ruling on the issue, she sided with the Bush Administration on its policy prohibiting foreign organizations that receive foreign aid from the United States from performing or supporting abortions.
Malesko v. Correctional Services Corporation
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (Malesko v. Correctional Services Corporation, 229 F3d 374 (2000))In this case, Sotomayor found that an inmate living in a halfway house could sue a government contractor for forcing him to climb five flights of stairs despite a heart condition after the inmate suffered a heart attack, fell down the stairs and injured himself. Sotomayor held "extending Bivens liability to reach private corporations furthers [its] overriding purpose: providing redress for violations of constitutional rights." (Bivens was a 1971 Supreme Court case that allowed some people whose rights have been violated by federal agents to sue.) The Supreme Court overturned Sotomayor's decision in a 5 to 4 ruling stating that only individual agents, not corporations, could be sued for such violations. [111][80][74]
Riverkeeper Inc. v. United States Environmental Protection Agency
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (Riverkeeper Inc. v. United States Environmental Protection Agency, 475 F3d 83 (2007))Sotomayor found in favor of environmental group Riverkeeper who challenged an EPA ruling on the Clean Water Act's "best technology" rule involving power plants need to intake water as weighed against the risk to aquatic life in surrounding waters. In her ruling, she held "Congress has already specified the relationship between cost and benefits in requiring that the technology designated by EPA be the best available." Sotomayor's decision was overturned by the United States Supreme Court in a 6-3 vote where the Court held that EPA could not weigh the costs of changes to power plants versus the value of organisms in dollar terms, but could consider only what costs "may reasonably be borne" by power plants when determining the best technology rule available. [112] [80][74]
Ricci v. DeStefano
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (Ricci v. DeStefano, 530 F.3d 87 (2008))In what is considered to be the judge's most high-profile case, Sotomayor joined a finding in favor of the city of New Haven rejecting a lawsuit filed by 17 white firefighters and one Hispanic firefighter claiming race discrimination when the city of New Haven denied promotions following a promotion examination that yielded no black candidates eligible for advancement. In a 5-4 decision, the Supreme Court of the United States overturned the decision stating the decision to cancel the promotions violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as well as Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act which guarantees equal employment opportunity. The Court found that Sotomayor's ruling would allow the city to "experiment" with tests until they found one that produced "a more desirable racial distribution."[113][74][114][115][116][117][118][80][119][21] [73][82] [120]
Center for Reproductive Law and Policy v. Bush
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (Center for Reproductive Law and Policy v. Bush, 304 F3d 183 (2002))In a case involving the conservative Mexico City Policy - announced by Ronald Reagan in 1984 and subsequently rescinded by President Bill Clinton and reauthorized by President George W. Bush, Sotomayor found that the federal government is within its rights to deny federal aid to foreign organizations that support or perform abortions. She dismissed claims by the pro-choice Center for Reproductive Law and Policy that the Mexico City Policy violated the First Amendment right to association as well as Fifth Amendment rights to due process and equal protection. In her finding, Sotomayor cited the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which authorizes the President "to furnish assistance, on such terms and conditions as he may determine, for voluntary population planning" as well as multiple Supreme Court precedents. In her decision, Sotomayor wrote, "the Supreme Court has made clear that the government is free to favor the anti-abortion position over the pro-choice position, and can do so with public funds." [121] [122][21]
See also
External links
- Opinions involving Sonia Sotomayor from Open Jurist.
- White House Press Office: Background on Judge Sotomayor
- American Bar Association's profile on Judge Sotomayor
- American Philosophical Society's profile on Judge Sotomayor
- Judicial Confirmation Network: About Sonia Sotomayor
- CNN: Sonia Sotomayor
- Video of Obama-Sotomayor May 26 press conference
- NYT: Sotomayor Videos - In Her Own Words
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "WisPolitics" Sonia Sotomayor confirmed, August 6, 2009
- ↑ SCOTUS blog, "The President will nominate Sotomayor"
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Slate, "Choose Your Own Supreme Court Justice", May 6, 2009
- ↑ Sacramento Bee, "AP sources: Obama picks Sotomayor for high court", May 26, 2009
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Esquire" Sotomayor, Possible Replacement for Ginsburg, February 6, 2009
- ↑ New York Times "Souter Said to Be Leaving Court in June" April 30, 2009
- ↑ Obama's Choices: Gird Your Loins
- ↑ National Public Radio, "Supreme Court Justice Souter To Retire", April 30, 2009
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Washington Post, "Sotomyaor Wins Confirmation", August 7, 2009
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 CNN, "Senate confirms Sonia Sotomayor for Supreme Court", August 6, 2009
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Chicago Tribune, "Sonia Sotomayor confirmed 68-31 Senate", August 7, 2009
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Washington Post, "N.Y. Federal Judge Likely on Shortlist", May 7, 2009
- ↑ "Yes- If Confirmed, Judge Sonia Sotomayor WILL BE the First Hispanic Supreme Court Justice", May 27, 2009
- ↑ Fox News, "Rove's Report Card: Supreme Court Nominee Sotomayor", May 27, 2009
- ↑ CBS News: Political Hotsheet "Senate Republicans Delay Sotomayor Vote" July 21, 2009
- ↑ New York Times "Senate Panel Endorses Sotomayor in 13-6 Vote", July 28, 2009
- ↑ Washington Post, "Senate Panel Votes 13-6 in Favor of Sotomayor", July 28, 2009
- ↑ Christian Science Monitor, "Sotomayor gets committee nod for Supreme Court seat", July 28, 2009
- ↑ Wall Street Journal, "Judiciary Confirms Sotomayor; Final Vote Set for Next Week", July 28, 2009
- ↑ New York Times, "Favorites of Left Don't Make Obama's Court List", May 25, 2009
- ↑ 21.00 21.01 21.02 21.03 21.04 21.05 21.06 21.07 21.08 21.09 21.10 21.11 21.12 21.13 Time Magazine, "Sonia Sotomayor: A Justice Like No Other", May 28, 2009
- ↑ BBC News, "Senate ends Sotomayor questioning", July 16, 2009
- ↑ MSNBC, "Sotomayor vows impartiality if confirmed", July 13, 2009
- ↑ Fox News, "'Meltdown'-Proof? Sotomayor's Confirmation Assured?", July 14, 2009
- ↑ Associated Press, "Sotomayor Maintains Puerto Rican Roots", May 26, 2009
- ↑ The Post Standard (Syracuse), "Supreme Court nominee's brother hails from Syracuse suburb of Clay", May 26, 2009
- ↑ The New Republic, "The Case Against Sotomayor", May 4, 2009
- ↑ New York Times, "In Puerto Rico, Supreme Court Pick With Island Roots Becomes a Superstar", May 29, 2009
- ↑ New York Times, "A Breakthrough Judge: What She Always Wanted", September 25, 1992
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 American Bar Association, Division for Public Education: National Hispanic Heritage Month -- Sonia Sotomayor
- ↑ "Spellman Grad U.S. Supreme Court Nominee"
- ↑ Boston.com, "Sotomayor would be sixth Catholic Justice", May 26, 2009
- ↑ "Religion of the Supreme Court"
- ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.6 New York Times, "Woman in the News - Sotomayor, a Trailblazer and a Dreamer", May 27, 2009
- ↑ Washington Post, "Supreme Change", June 16, 2009
- ↑ Politico, "Princeton University holds the key to understanding Sonia Sotomayor", May 29, 2009
- ↑ The Daily Princetonian, "Latin student groups assail university hiring performance", April 22, 1974
- ↑ "Princeton alumna, trustee nominated to Supreme Court", May 26, 2009
- ↑ Preface to Sonia Sotomayor's Princeton University Senior Thesis: "The Impact of the Life of Luis Munoz Marin on the Political and Economic History of Puerto Rico, 1930-1975."
- ↑ Time Magazine, "Where Sonia Sotomayor Really Stands on Race", June 11, 2009
- ↑ Judge Sonia Sotomayor FJC Bio
- ↑ Yale Daily News, "At Yale, Sotomayor was sharp but not outspoken", May 31, 2009
- ↑ Yale Law Journal, Sonia Sotomayor's Note", May 27, 2009
- ↑ Sonia Sotomayor's Yale Law Journal Note "Statehood and the Equal Footing Doctrine: The Case for Puerto Rican Seabed Rights", April 1979
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 New York Times, "Sotomayor Is Recalled as a Driven Rookie Prosecutor", June 7, 2009
- ↑ Washington Post, District Attorney of New York County Robert Morgenthau Testifies at Judge Sotomayor's Confirmation Hearings", July 16, 2009
- ↑ 47.0 47.1 Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court - Sonia Sotomayor - Questionnaire
- ↑ National Public Radio, "Sotomayor's Real-World Schooling in Law and Order", June 9, 2009
- ↑ CNN, "Sotomayor learner the ropes on the 'Tarzan' case", July 16, 2009
- ↑ The People of the State of New York against Richard Maddicks
- ↑ | Pavia & Harcourt LLP
- ↑ ABA Journal "The Lawyers Who May Run America", November 2008
- ↑ National Law Journal, "Nominee's civil practice was with a small, but specialized, firm", May 27, 2009
- ↑ New York Times, Little Information Given About Solo Law Practice Run by Sotomayor in the '80s", July 7, 2009
- ↑ Sotomayor biography at the Federal Judicial Center
- ↑ Washington Post, "Sotomayor's District Court Bid by D'Amato and Moynihan", May 27, 2009
- ↑ Washington Examiner, "Why did George H.W. Bush pick Sotomayor for the courts?", May 26, 2009
- ↑ Sotomayor Profile from Aspen Publishers
- ↑ New York Times, "4 Women Delayed in Rise to the Bench", July 14, 1992
- ↑ "THOMAS" Nomination of Sonija Sotomayor, March 25, 2009
- ↑ Dissenting Justice, "Hatchet Job: Jeffrey Rosen's Utterly Bankrupt Analysis of Judge Sonia Sotomayor", May 4, 2009
- ↑ New York Times, "Update; A Small Whittling Down Of Federal Bench Vacancies", August 16, 1992
- ↑ New York Times, "G.O.P., It's Eyes on High Court, Blocks a Judge", June 13, 1998
- ↑ New York Times, "After Delay, Senate Approves Judge for Court in New York",October 3, 1998
- ↑ "THOMAS" Nomination of Sonija Sotomayor, March 25, 2009
- ↑ Ratings of Article III judicial nominees, 105th Congress
- ↑ SCOTUS blog, "The President will nominate Sotomayor"
- ↑ Sacramento Bee, "AP sources: Obama picks Sotomayor for high court", May 26, 2009
- ↑ New York Times "Souter Said to Be Leaving Court in June" April 30, 2009
- ↑ Obama's Choices: Gird Your Loins
- ↑ National Public Radio, "Supreme Court Justice Souter To Retire", April 30, 2009
- ↑ The Caucus "Blogtalk: Supreme Selection and Obama's Surprise" May 1, 2009
- ↑ 73.0 73.1 73.2 Time Magazine, "Sotomayor Hearing: Why Shouldn't Judges Make Policy>", July 16, 2009
- ↑ 74.0 74.1 74.2 74.3 New York Times, "Selected Cases of Judge Sonia Sotomayor"
- ↑ New York Times, "Because of Race: Ricci v. DeStefano - Stanley Fish Blog", July 13, 2009
- ↑ Argument Recap: Ricci v. DeStefano on SCOTUSblog
- ↑ Legal Information Institute Bulletin, Ricci v. DeStefano
- ↑ Ricci v. DeStefano from Cornell Law School's Supreme Court Collection
- ↑ United States Supreme Court decision on Ricci v. DeStefano on www.supremecourt.gov
- ↑ 80.0 80.1 80.2 80.3 New York Times, "Sotomayor's Notable Court Opinions and Articles", July 10, 2009
- ↑ Christian Science Monitor, "U.S. Supreme Court takes up 'reverse discrimination' case", January 9, 2009
- ↑ 82.0 82.1 82.2 Time Magazine, "How the Republicans Will Go After Sonia Sotomayor", July 13, 2009
- ↑ Time Magazine, "Where Sonia Sotomayor Really Stands on Race", June 11, 2009
- ↑ 84.0 84.1 New York Times, Sotomayor's View of Judging Is on the Record", May 14, 2009
- ↑ New York Times, "Lecture - 'A Latina Judge's Voice' - Text", May 14, 2009
- ↑ cnn, "Sotomayor's 'wise Latina' comment a staple of her speeches", June 8, 2009
- ↑ UC Berkeley News, "A Latina judge's voice", 2001
- ↑ Time Magazine, "Just What Is a 'Wise Latina,' Anyway?", July 14, 2009
- ↑ Time Magazine, "Where Sonia Sotomayor Really Stands on Race", June 11, 2009
- ↑ Center for Reproductive Law and Policy v. Bush on OpenJurist
- ↑ Washington Post, "Abortion Rights Backers Get Reassurances on Nominee", May 29, 2009
- ↑ ChildLaw Blog, "Sotomayor on Child Porn - U.S. v. Falso", June 8, 2009
- ↑ Second Circuit Blog, "Good Faith Efforts", September 28. 2008
- ↑ New York Times, "Judge Sotomayor's 2003 Lecture at Indiana Law School"
- ↑ Fox News, "New Documents Shed Light on Sotomayor's Thoughts About Sept. 11 Attacks", June 16, 2009
- ↑ New York Times, "Sotomayor's Baseball Ruling Lingers, 14 Years Later", May 26, 2009
- ↑ Silverman v. Major League Baseball Player Relations Committee Inc. on OpenJurist.com
- ↑ "Sotomayor's District Court Decisions on Traditional Labor Matters" on The Empoyment Law Post, June 16, 2009
- ↑ New York Times, "Sotomayor, Baseball's Savior, May Be Possibility for High Court", May 14, 2009
- ↑ 100.0 100.1 CNN, "Sotomayor's resume, record on notable cases"
- ↑ New York Times, BASEBALL: Woman in the News; Strike-Zone Arbitrator -- Sonia Sotomayor", April 1, 1995
- ↑ A summary of media related decisions by Supreme Court nominee Sonia Sotomayor
- ↑ FOIA Update: Significant New Decisions (1995)
- ↑ First Amendment Center, "Sotomayor on the First Amendment", May 28 2009
- ↑ CASTLE ROCK ENTERTAINMENT, INC. v. CAROL PUBLISHING GROUP, 150 F.3d 132 (2nd Cir. 1998) (LOISLAW)
- ↑ Castle Rock Entertainment, Inc. v. Carol Publishing Group, Inc. and Beth B. Golub at Justia.com
- ↑ New York Times Company Inc. v. Jonathan Tasini at OpenJurist.com
- ↑ New York Times Co., Inc. v. Tasini et al. at Justia.com
- ↑ Time Magazine, "Where Sonia Sotomayor Really Stands on Race", June 11, 2009
- ↑ Law.com, "Sotomayor Is No Activist Judge, Says Author", June 8, 2009
- ↑ John Malesko v. Correctional Services Corporation on OpenJurist
- ↑ Riverkeeper Inc. v. United States Envrionmental Protection Agency on OpenJurist
- ↑ Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964: Equal Employment Opportunity on FindLaw
- ↑ New York Times, "Because of Race: Ricci v. DeStefano - Stanley Fish Blog", July 13, 2009
- ↑ Argument Recap: Ricci v. DeStefano on SCOTUSblog
- ↑ Legal Information Institute Bulletin, Ricci v. DeStefano
- ↑ Ricci v. DeStefano from Cornell Law School's Supreme Court Collection
- ↑ United States Supreme Court decision on Ricci v. DeStefano on www.supremecourt.gov
- ↑ Christian Science Monitor, "U.S. Supreme Court takes up 'reverse discrimination' case", January 9, 2009
- ↑ Time Magazine, "Where Sonia Sotomayor Really Stands on Race", June 11, 2009
- ↑ Center for Reproductive Law and Policy v. Bush on OpenJurist
- ↑ Washington Post, "Abortion Rights Backers Get Reassurances on Nominee", May 29, 2009
Further Reading
- United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary Questionnaire filled out by Sotomayor
- Appendix to the Committee on the Judiciary Questionnaire filled out by Sotomayor
- National Journal Blog: The Ninth Justice
- Jeffrey Rosen's "The Case Against Sotomayor"
- Jeffrey Rosen's "The Sonia Sotomayor You Don't Know"
- Heritage Foundation's Rapid Response Site on Sotomayor Vacancy
- NARAL Pro-Choice America Advocacy for Sotomayor Confirmation
- Esquire's profile on Sotomayor
- Sonia Sotomayor's Prose Problem
- Biography of Sonia Sotomayor
- Huffingtonpost's profile on Sotomayor
- Thomas Sowell: "Empathy" in Action
- WSJ Law Blog - Does Sonia Sotomayor Have the Write Stuff?
- Concurring Opinions column arguing for Sonia Sotomayor
- New York Times Interactive on Sotomayor's key opinions
- Michelle Malkin on Sonia Sotomayor
- Jeffrey Toobin: Sotomayor fits the moderate liberal philosophy
- NYT: Her Justice Is Blind
- NYT: Sotomayor and the Death Penalty
- Washington Post: Uncommon Detail Marks Rulings By Sotomayor
- AP: Firefighter Ricci to Testify In Senate Hearnings Against Sotomayor Nomination
- Floyd Abrams: The Judge Sotomyaor I've Faced
- Kirsten Gillibrand: Women Senators Echo Support For Sotomayor's Record
- Senator Orrin Hatch: To Confirm Or Not To Confirm
- NYT: A Judge's Own Story Highlights Her Mother's
- NYT: A Breakthrough Judge: What She Always Wanted
- Boston Globe: Sotomayor would be sixth Catholic Justice
- Preface to Sonia Sotomayor's Princeton University Senior Thesis: The Impact of the Life of Luis Munoz Marin on the Political and Economic History of Puerto Rico, 1930-1975.
- Politico: Princeton University holds the key to understanding Sonia Sotomayor
- The Daily Princetonian: Latin student groups assail university hiring performance
- NYT: Judge's Mentor: Part Guide, Part Foil
- NYT: Little Information Given About Solo Law Practice Run by Sotomayor in the '80s
- Sonia Sotomayor's Yale Law Journal Note "Statehood and the Equal Footing Doctrine: The Case for Puerto Rican Seabed Rights", April 1979
- American Bar Association Profile of Sonia Sotomayor
- "A Latina judge's voice", 2001 speech at Berkeley
- "Judge Sotomayor's 2003 Lecture at Indiana Law School"
Federal judicial offices | ||
Preceded by: John Walker |
Southern District of New York 1991–1998 |
Succeeded by: Victor Marrero |
Preceded by: Daniel Mahoney |
Second Circuit 1998–2009 Seat #13 |
Succeeded by: Raymond Lohier |
Preceded by: David Souter |
Supreme Court 2009–present |
Succeeded by: NA |
| |||
Active judges |
Chief Judge: Robert Katzmann • Christopher Droney • Denny Chin • Gerard Lynch • Dennis Jacobs • Jose Cabranes • Rosemary Pooler • Reena Raggi • Richard Wesley • Peter Hall (Federal judge) • Debra Livingston • Raymond Lohier • Susan L. Carney | ||
Senior judges |
Pierre Leval • Jon Newman • Amalya Kearse • Ralph Winter • John Walker • Chester Straub • Guido Calabresi • Robert Sack • Barrington Parker • Richard Cardamone • | ||
Former judges | Julian William Mack • Frank Altimari • Samuel Blatchford • Alexander Smith Johnson • Nathaniel Shipman • William James Wallace • Lewis Bartholomew Woodruff • Sonia Sotomayor • Wilfred Feinberg • Roger Miner • John Mahoney (Second Circuit) • George Pratt • Lawrence Pierce • Thomas Meskill • William Mulligan • James Oakes • William Timbers • Fred Parker • Alfred Conkling Coxe • Emile Henry Lacombe • William Kneeland Townsend • Charles Merrill Hough • Walter Chadwick Noyes • Henry Galbraith Ward • John Harlan II • Learned Hand • Martin Augustine Knapp • Julius Marshuetz Mayer • Augustus Noble Hand • Martin Thomas Manton • Henry Wade Rogers • Harrie Brigham Chase • Thomas Walter Swan • Carroll Hincks • Charles Edward Clark • John Joseph Smith • Robert Palmer Anderson • Robert Porter Patterson, Sr. • Murray Gurfein • Irving Kaufman • Walter Mansfield • Harold Medina • Thurgood Marshall • Jerome Frank • Henry Friendly • Paul Hays • Joseph Lumbard • Leonard Moore • Ellsworth Van Graafeiland • Sterry Waterman • | ||
Former Chief judges |
Wilfred Feinberg • Jon Newman • Ralph Winter • John Walker • Thomas Meskill • James Oakes • Learned Hand • Harrie Brigham Chase • Thomas Walter Swan • Charles Edward Clark • Irving Kaufman • Henry Friendly • Joseph Lumbard • |
| |||
Active judges |
Chief Judge: Loretta Preska • Kevin Castel • Paul Crotty • George Daniels • Paul Gardephe • Kenneth Karas • John Koeltl • Colleen McMahon • William Pauley • Cathy Seibel • Richard Sullivan (New York) • Laura Swain • Andrew L. Carter, Jr. • Nelson S. Roman • Analisa Torres • J. Paul Oetken • Vincent L. Briccetti • Paul A. Engelmayer • Alison J. Nathan • Edgardo Ramos • Katherine Forrest • Jesse Furman • Ronnie Abrams • Lorna Schofield • Katherine Failla • Valerie Caproni • Vernon Broderick • Gregory Howard Woods | ||
Senior judges |
Victor Marrero • Kimba Wood • Deborah Batts • Richard Berman • Naomi Buchwald • Robert Lee Carter • Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum • Denise Cote • Thomas Griesa • Charles Haight • Alvin Hellerstein • Lewis Kaplan • John Keenan (New York) • Peter Leisure • Lawrence McKenna • Richard Owen • Robert Patterson (New York) • Jed Rakoff • Leonard Sand • Shira Scheindlin • Louis Stanton • Sidney Stein • Robert Sweet • Kevin Duffy • Gerard Goettel • | ||
Magistrate judges | Henry Pitman • Michael Dolinger • Ronald Ellis • Kevin Fox • James Francis • Debra Freeman • Martin Goldberg • Gabriel Gorenstein • Frank Maas • Andrew Peck • Lisa Smith • Paul Davison • James L. Cott • Sarah Netburn • Judith C. McCarthy • | ||
Former Article III judges |
Michael Mukasey • Morris Lasker • Harold Baer • Denny Chin • William Conner • Richard Holwell • Barbara Jones • Shirley Kram • Gerard Lynch • Stephen Robinson (New York) • John Sprizzo • William Peter Van Ness • Samuel Rossiter Betts • Samuel Blatchford • Sonia Sotomayor • William Gardner Choate • Pierre Leval • Wilfred Feinberg • John Walker • Barrington Parker • Lawrence Pierce • Addison Brown • George Bethune Adams • George Chandler Holt • Charles Merrill Hough • Learned Hand • Julius Marshuetz Mayer • Augustus Noble Hand • John Clark Knox • Martin Thomas Manton • William Bondy • Henry Warren Goddard • Francis Asbury Winslow • Frank Joseph Coleman • Thomas Day Thacher • Alfred Conkling Coxe, Jr. • John Munro Woolsey • George Murray Hulbert • John William Clancy • Vincent Leibell (New York judge) • Samuel Mandelbaum • Edward Conger • Robert Porter Patterson, Sr. • Charles Metzner • Arnold Bauman • Alexander Bicks • Dudley Bonsal • Charles Brieant • John Bright • Vincent Broderick • Frederick Bryan • Francis Caffey • John Cannella • Richard Casey • John Cashin • Kenneth Conboy • Irving Cooper • Thomas Croake • Richard Daronco • Archie Dawson • Edward Dimock • David Edelstein • Marvin Frankel • Louis Freeh • Lee Gagliardi • Murray Gurfein • William Herlands • Irving Kaufman • Samuel Kaufman • Percy Knapp • Richard Levet • Mary Lowe • Lloyd MacMahon • Walter Mansfield • John McGohey • Edward McLean • Harold Medina • Constance Motley • Thomas Murphy • Gregory Noonan • Edmund Palmieri • Milton Pollack • Simon Rifkind • Sylvester Ryan • Allen Schwartz • Abraham Sofaer • Charles Stewart • Sidney Sugarman • Charles Tenney • Harold Tyler • Lawrence Walsh (New York judge) • Robert Ward • Edward Weinfeld • Henry Werker • Inzer Wyatt • John S. Martin • John S. Martin, Jr. • | ||
Former Chief judges |
Kimba Wood • Andrew Peck • Lisa Smith • John Clark Knox • William Bondy • John William Clancy • Charles Brieant • David Edelstein • Lloyd MacMahon • Constance Motley • Sylvester Ryan • Sidney Sugarman • |
| |||
Nominated | |||
Vacancy Count by Congress |
Federal Vacancy Warning System: 111th Congress • Federal Vacancy Warning System: 112th Congress | ||
Vacancy Count by Year | Federal Vacancy Warning System: 2009 • Federal Vacancy Warning System: 2010 • Federal Vacancy Warning System: 2011 • Federal Vacancy Warning System: 2012 |
| |||
1993 |
Adams • Ambrose • Barnes • Brinkema • Bucklew • Chasanow • Coffman • Daughtrey • Ferguson • Ginsburg • Hagen • Jackson • Lancaster • Leval • Lindsay • Messitte • Michael • Piersol • Saris • Schwartz • Seybert • Shanahan • Shaw • Stearns • Trager • Vazquez • Wilken • Wilson | ||
1994 |
Baer • Barkett • Batts • Beaty • Benavides • Bennett • Berrigan • Biery • Block • Borman • Breyer • Briones • Bryson • Bucklo • Burgess • Burrage • Cabranes • Calabresi • Carr • Casellas • Castillo • Chatigny • Chin • Cindrich • Coar • Collins • Cooper • Cote • Currie • Davis • Dominguez • Downes • Duval • Friedman • Furgeson • Garcia • Gertner • Gettleman • Gillmor • Gilmore • Gleeson • Haggerty • Hamilton • Hannah • Hawkins • Henry • Holmes • Hood • Hull • Hurley • Jack • Jones • Jones • Kaplan • Katz • Kern • Kessler • Koeltl • Lisi • Manning • McKee • McLaughlin • Melancon • Miles-LaGrange • Moore • Motz • Murphy • O'Malley • O'Meara • Oliver • Paez • B. Parker • F. Parker • R. Parker • Perry • Ponsor • Pooler • Porteous • Rendell • Riley • Robertson • Rogers • Ross • Russell • Sands • Sarokin • Scheindlin • Silver • Squatrito • Stewart • Sullivan • Tatel • Thompson • Timlin • Urbina • Vanaskie • Vance • Walls • Wells • Williams | ||
1995 |
Arterton • Atlas • Black • Blake • Briscoe • Tena Campbell • Todd Campbell • Chesney • Cole • Collier • Daniel • Davis • Dennis • Dlott • Donald • Duffy • Economus • Evans • Fallon • Folsom • Gaughan • Goodwin • Heartfield • Hunt • Illston • Jones • King • Kornmann • Lawson • Lenard • Lucero • Lynch • McKinley • Moody • Moore • Moskowitz • Murphy • Murtha • Nugent • O'Toole • Orlofsky • Pogue • Sessions • C. Smith • O. Smith • Stein • Thornburg • Tunheim • Wallach • Wardlaw • Webber • Whaley • Winmill • Wood | ||
1996 |
Broadwater • Clevert • Fenner • Gershon • Gottschall • Greenaway • Hinkle • Jones • Kahn • Laughrey • Lemmon • Marten • Miller • Molloy • Montgomery • Pregerson • Rakoff • Sargus • Tashima • Thomas • Zapata | ||
1997 |
Adelman • Bataillon • Breyer • Caputo • Casey • Chambers • Clay • Damrell • Droney • Friedman • Gajarsa • Garland • Gilman • Gold • Gwin • Hall • Hayden • Hull • Ishii • Jenkins • Kauffman • Kennedy • Kimball • Kollar-Kotelly • Lazzara • Marbley • Marcus • Middlebrooks • Miller • Moon • Pratt • Rendell • Sippel • Siragusa • Snyder • Thrash | ||
1998 |
Aiken • Barbier • Barzilay • Berman • Buttram • Carter • Collins • Dawson • Dimitrouleas • Fletcher • Fogel • Frank • Graber • Hellerstein • Herndon • James • Johnson • Kane • Kelly • G. King • R. King • Lasnik • Lee • Lemelle • Lindsay • Lipez • Manella • Matz • McCuskey • McKeown • McMahon • Mickle • Mollway • Mordue • Moreno • Morrow • Munley • Murphy • Pallmeyer • Pauley • Polster • Pooler • Rawlinson • Ridgway • R. Roberts • V. Roberts • Sack • Scott • Seitz • Seymour • Shea • Silverman • Sleet • Sotomayor • Steeh • Story • Straub • Tagle • Tarnow • Trauger • Traxler • Tyson • Wardlaw • Whelan • Young | ||
1999 |
Alsup • Barry • Brown • Buchwald • Cooper • Eaton • Ellison • Feess • Fisher • Gould • Guzman • Haynes • Hibbler • Hochberg • Hurd • Huvelle • Jordan • Katzmann • Kennelly • Linn • Lorenz • Lynn • Marrero • Murguia • Pannell • Pechman • Pepper • Phillips • Schreier • Stewart • Underhill • Ward • Williams • Wilson | ||
2000 |
Ambro • Antoon • Battani • Berzon • Bolton • Brady • Bye • Cavanaugh • Daniels • Darrah • Dawson • Dyk • Fuentes • Garaufis • Garcia-Gregory • Gregory • Hamilton • Huck • Hunt • Lawson • Lefkow • Lynch • Martin • McLaughlin • Moody • Murguia • Paez • Pisano • Presnell • Rawlinson • Reagan • Schiller • Singal • Steele • Surrick • Swain • Tallman • Teilborg • Tucker • Whittemore |
| |||
1989 |
Barksdale • Bonner • Buckwalter • Cyr • Fernandez • Garbis • Harmon • Lee • Lindberg • Lodge • Nelson • Nottingham • Plager • Rosen • Rymer • Smith • Spatt • Thomas • VanBebber • J. Walker • V. Walker • Wiener • Wright | ||
1990 |
Alito • Amon • Birch • Boudin • Cleland • Clevenger • Dubina • Hamilton • Henderson • Hood • Hornby • Jones • Kent • Levi • Loken • Lourie • Martin • McBryde • McClure • McKenna • McLaughlin • McNamee • Moreno • Mullen • Nelson • Nickerson • Niemeyer • Norton • Parker • Pickering • Rader • Rainey • Randolph • Shanstrom • Shedd • Shubb • Singleton • Skretny • Souter • Sparr • Stahl • Stamp • Suhrheinrich • Taylor • Vollmer • Ware • Wilson | ||
1991 |
Albritton • Andersen • Armstrong • Arnold • Bartle • Bassler • Batchelder • Beckwith • Belot • Benson • Blackburn • Bramlette • Brody • Brody • Burrell • Carnes • Caulfield • Cauthron • Clement • Collier • Conway • Cooper • Dalzell • DeMent • DeMoss • Doherty • Echols • Edmunds • Faber • Freeh • Gaitan • Garza • Graham • Haik • Hamilton • Hansen • Hendren • Herlong • Highsmith • Hogan • Huff • Hurley • Irenas • Johnson • Joyner • Kelly • Kleinfeld • Legg • Leonard • Lewis • Longstaff • Lungstrum • Luttig • Matia • McCalla • McDade • McKeague • McKelvie • Means • Merryday • Moore • Morgan • Nielsen • Nimmons • Osteen Sr. • Padova • Payne • Reinhard • Robinson • Robreno • Roll • Roth • Schlesinger • Scullin • Siler • Solis • Sotomayor • Sparks • Stohr • Thomas • Traxler • Trimble • Ungaro • Van Sickle • Wanger • Werlein • Whyte • Yohn | ||
1992 |
Baird • Barbadoro • Black • Boudin • Carnes • Covello • DiClerico • Gilbert • Gonzalez • Gorton • Hansen • Heyburn • Jackson • Jacobs • Keeley • Kendall • Kopf • Kyle • Lewis • McAuliffe • McLaughlin • Melloy • Preska • Quist • Randa • Rosenthal • Rovner • Schall • Sedwick • Simandle • Stahl • Vratil • Williams |
- Female
- Notable case
- Second Circuit, Seat 13
- Former federal judge, Second Circuit
- Current, Justice of the United States Supreme Court
- Appointed by Barack Obama
- Confirmed 2009
- Former federal judge, Southern District of New York
- Current federal judge
- Appointed by George H.W. Bush
- Confirmed 1992
- Appointed by Bill Clinton
- Confirmed 1998
- Princeton Alumni
- Yale Law Alumni


text:
SparkRecipes is powered by
This is my grandmother's recipe and it is my favorite!Submitted by: EMPIERCE
Very nice light desert for the summer.Submitted by: KATHY71
Yummy for breakfast or a treat. Comes from the book diet comfort food.Submitted by: SEESKO
This is a great low calorie, low Glycemic Index dessert.Substitute Calorie Countdown low carb milk and lower carbs by 1.5 per serving. Fat will increase to 1 gram per serving. Same total calories as nonfat milk.Submitted by: PASQUALE51
Easy Breezy Custard!Submitted by: MAMAMIAOF3BOYS
The great taste of pumpkin pie, the lightness of custard, a super simple prep, low fat, low carb, vegetarian, gluten free, and only 75 calories per serving...you can't get much better than that!Submitted by: ALYSSAGB
This is a delicious custard pie recipe I found on line. I wish I could remember the website. So quick and easy to prepare. Do not use tofu packaged in water, it will be watery after chilling. (This is according to the author)Submitted by: SPARKEYES
A treat for when you're craving the taste of pumpkin pie.Submitted by: ~PENNY~
Sweet potatoes and bananas combine to make a flavorful low fat custard.
An interesting but tasty dessert, perfect for a cool evening.
Family favorite with healthier ingredientsSubmitted by: LEANLIVIN
A tasty alternative to pumpkin pie.Submitted by: HAPPYWIFE
Yummy custard that's definitely worth the wait!Submitted by: EAGLES17
This is a nice sugar free, lower carb pie. Suitable for company. As it cooks it layers into a nice coconut top crust, a creamy custard center and even a thin bottom crust. I think next time I'll sub out some milk for some FF coconut milk. Submitted by: JOEKNEE
The texture to this is like a cross between a cheesecake and the inside of a cheese danish. Delish as a light breakfast- bake enough to where the edges get nice and brown (it creates a crust-like texture). Make sure you cool it properly before you cut it. Submitted by: ARTEMISINKED
This recipe makes a really thick custard (that wobbles on your spoon when cool and can practically be cut with a knife). It's sweet and ideal with puddings, cake, fruit salad or even on its own.Submitted by: JARICHAUST
A tasty non-dairy custardSubmitted by: IANBEYER
Submitted by: BERKSHIREBABE
From the Chicago Diner Cookbook.Submitted by: *GINA*
Pie filling without the crust. Yummy!Submitted by: STUDIETWO
traditional baked custard per the better homes and gardens cookbookSubmitted by: GREENBEAN90278
This is great for breakfst, lunch, or a sweet snack. Add a little milk makes this a tasty dish.Submitted by: DD-THEOTHERHALF
Tart and sweet pie!Submitted by: FLURDILIS
Feel no pangs of regret after eating this doughnut! It is low-calorie, tasty, and a good source of fiber as well!Submitted by: KILLERSTAR
This is a dilliscious way of making custard.Submitted by: BUMBLEE00
Delicious taste of spring...all wholesome ingredients...it's worth saving some calories for this :)Submitted by: MARCIA_S
Submitted by: NAIK101
Submitted by: AANMEI
Submitted by: TERESAREW


text:
After a scrumptious experience at the Dahlia Bakery and Serious Pie, my next stop on the Tom Douglas tour was Lola. Located across the street on 4th Avenue, you can't miss Lola with the packed patio crowd during the summer months and the packed crowd inside all year round.
Well known for the Mediterranean-influenced cuisine with local ingredients, Lola is Tom Douglas' tribute to his mother-in-law. We first started with a glass of the house red, specially made just for Lola. Then the gorging began.
As recommended by our server, we shared a dish from each section of the menu.
Lola Spread – Kopanisti
We had such a hard time choosing a spread because they all sounded so good. We finally chose the Kopanisti based on our server's recommendation. The spread was creamy while the crushed pistachio added some crunchy texture. Spread on top of warm freshly griddled pita, the spread was so rich and creamy that I could have ordered another!
Meze – Octopus, pork belly, skordalia, delicata
The octopus was meaty and absorbed the deep flavours from the fatty pork belly and grilled vegetables. Make sure to mix the dish up so that the creamy sauce on the bottom coats every inch of this dish!
Tagine – Cumin braised goat
Another rich dish. The cumin-braised goat melted in our mouths from the slow braise. The parsnip and mustard greens cut into the richness of the goat. We ordered extra pita bread to go with this dish.
Vegetable – Green beans
With all the deep and rich dishes, the green beans were our token vegetable dish! Simply but perfectly prepared, the green beans were a welcome side dish next to our goat entree.
I thoroughly enjoyed my experience at Lola. The house wine and spreads cannot be missed at this establishment. Our appetites wouldn't allow us to try the kebabs so I know that we will be back for another dinner. I hear their brunch is also amazing so that already makes another two return visits!
2000 4th Avenue, Seattle


text:
Try as class for FREE today
Prepare for the Civilian Military Combine challenge in our UXF-CMC Prep class!
We have teamed up with the Civilian Military Combine to bring you a 6-week program that will fully equip you for the race.
The CMC is a team-based endurance race that combines high-intensity strength events with a series of advanced military obstacles and distance trail running. Our prep class will consist of quick and efficient exercises that will help you conquer CMC's PIT while improving flexibility, agility, strength and endurance. From Olympic lifts to full-body calorie shredding, the UXF-CMC Prep class will get you ready to meet the Challenge. Overcome your obstacles and conquer America's race.
Find a Class
3 ways to register:
All class participants receive a CMC event ticket for $99!
Nonmembers are welcome.
Upcoming Civilian Military Combine events:
To learn more about the Civilian Military Combine, click here.


text:
From Chess to Dreams: Interview on the Creative Writing Process with Fred Waitzkin
April 1st, 2013 | 1
In 1984, Fred Waitzkin published Searching for Bobby Fischer, the story of three years in the lives of Fred and his chess prodigy son, Josh Waitzkin. The book became an internationally acclaimed bestseller. Five years later, Paramount released the movie version of Searching for Bobby Fischer, which has become a cult classic. Waitzkin also wrote Mortal Games (1993), [...]
Keep reading »Do Music Lessons Make You Smarter?
March 1st, 2013 | 18
Practice makes progress, if not perfection, for most things in life. Generally, practicing a skill—be it basketball, chess or the tuba—mostly makes you better at whatever it was you practiced. Even related areas do not benefit much. Doing intensive basketball drills does not usually make a person particularly good at football. Chess experts are not [...]
Keep reading »


text:
Williams FW27 - front wing 17 June 2005
A revised flap for the US (right arrow), without the pointed extension (left arrow) seen in the recent races. Indy set-ups usually favour the track's high-speed section and this change indeed lessens drag and downforce. The lower section of the endplates are also newly rounded towards the rear to improve the wing's efficiency close to the front wheels.


text:
The Texas Library Association has announced the 2013 class of the highly competitive Texas Accelerated Library Leaders Institute, more popularly known as the TALL Texans Leadership Institute. Among the 2013 TALL Texans are Ms. Sarah Merrill, Ms. Jill Bellomy, and Ms. Julie Leuzinger. Ms. Merrill is the SLIS Librarian II/Assessment Officer. Ms. Bellomy is a current SLIS doctoral student, who received her MLS from TWU in 2003. Ms. Leuzinger is also a SLIS doctoral student, who received her MLS from TWU in 2006.
The 2013 institute will take place at the Montserrat Retreat Center, located in Lake Dallas. The intensive leadership development program will be facilitated by ALA President, Ms. Maureen Sullivan, and recently retired George Washington University Library Director, Mr. Jack Siggins. Dr. Ling Hwey Jeng, SLIS Director, will serve as one of the six mentors.
page last updated 11/17/2014 1:50 PM


text:
Sandwich King
by Grant Dudley in Food Network Star, August 15, 2011We have a winner! Jeff Mauro is Food Network's Star. Congratulations, Jeff — you've earned every bit of your success.
Fans, thank you so much for watching this season and for your participation here at the Star Blog. Good, bad and indifferent — you have let us know exactly what you're thinking. The team at Food Network has enjoyed hearing from all of you.
Be sure to join Jeff for a live chat on Food Network's Facebook wall Wednesday at 1:15pm/12:15c. And, of course, watch the series premiere of Jeff's new show, Sandwich King, Sunday at 11:30am/10:30c.
Similar Posts
A Letter to Lenny, from the Rebel
Dear Lenny, Out of all the seasons of Food Network Star, I can think of only one other winner who has a personality as big as yours. Congratulations a...Comments (
749 )-
I love the show, I think it is brilliant. Is there anyway to find out what the black saucepans, with the riveted cast iron handles, that he uses are? I want them soo badly, but I cannot identify the company.
I just don't care for Vic. There is something about him that makes me NOT want to watch his show. He acts silly and not in a funny or good way. Susie is the real winner. Now she will definitely be the big star on the Food Network. A lot of people are not happy with the result or the topic of sandwiches. There should be a rematch.
Jeff, I am horrified that you are using throw-away paper towels to dry your hands everytime you wash. Please please think of the environment and use cloth towels. I didn't think your food was worth winning on the show, but i am giving you a chance to give me a recipe for a vegetarian meal. Also, at the beginning of the show, how about gathering for a shot all the ingredients before starting (including the bottled seasonings)?
This was the first year my family has watched the "Next Food Network Star". We really enjoyed the series. Towards the end of the competition we really only had 3 favorites and were delighted when you all made it to the final 3. We were especially delighted when someone from Chicago won the competition. Even more excited when you opened your first show with our families all time favorite, "Chicago style Italian beef". I want you to know that we were delighted to modify a couple of your recipe's to meet our family's taste bud's but the Italian beef was a keeper. We love the tours of some of the Chicago hot spots. Congratulations and keep up the funny.
Christy -
I was happy that Jeff won and have thoroughly enjoyed all his shows. Why so few? When does Jeff''s next new episode air?
Food Network used to be one of my top programs to view ... but, then, that was before they became spoiled, stuck on themselves celebrities, trying to sell their wares on the side. At least, Rachael gives the proceeds of her dog food to the animal welare programs - good for you Rachael!