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Goodwin Procter's securitization and derivatives attorneys are experienced in all aspects of the public and private distribution of structured finance securities, including collateralized debt obligations (CDOs), asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities and derivatives.
Our attorneys have advised sponsors, investment managers and servicers, sellers, trustees, credit enhancers, underwriters and purchasers in the securitization of a wide range of financial assets such as mortgages, commercial loans, debt securities, royalties, trade receivables, operating leases, consumer finance receivables and export receivables.
We are experienced in all of the legal disciplines relevant to securitization transactions, including capital markets and corporate finance, secured transactions, securities law, insolvency law, banking regulation, investment management, consumer financial services, real estate, derivatives, ERISA and tax. We also have particular expertise with the accounting, financial and operational issues that arise in CDOs and other securitization transactions and are familiar with the rating agency criteria and methodologies associated with various types of structures and assets.
CDO Practice
We have represented collateral managers and others in cash-flow and market value CBO offerings, and in cash and synthetic CLO and CDO offerings. Our CDO practice is integrated with the firm's nationally recognized investment management practice. We have significant experience representing asset managers in connection with their initial entry into the CDO market. The transactions on which our attorneys have worked include virtually all classes of underlying fixed-income obligations, including asset-backed securities, CDO securities, high-yield and emerging market debt, sovereign debt, commercial loans, project loans and credit derivatives. Our attorneys are knowledgeable in the tax, ERISA and other issues of concern to collateral managers of offshore CDO funds, including the safe harbors for trading activity which allow an offshore fund not to be engaged in a United States trade or business.
MBS and CMBS Practice
Goodwin Procter attorneys have worked on numerous mortgage-related securities offerings, including REMIC securitizations of commercial mortgage loans, such as conduit pools, cross-collateralized and cross-supported mini-pools and large loans, CMOs backed by franchise loans and by HELOCs. In the CDO area our attorneys have represented asset managers of market-value and cash-flow CDOs backed by mortgage-related assets such as RMBS, HELOCs, REIT securities and agency paper. Our attorneys have also advised in the repackaging and resecuritization of mortgage-backed securities and REIT debt. We have also advised borrowers and others in connection with securitization issues, including A/B note structures.
ABS Practice
Goodwin Procter attorneys have worked on a wide range of asset-backed financings, including structured warehouse facilities, term securitizations, revolving structures and asset-backed acquisition finance for M&A transactions. In addition to transactions involving consumer asset classes such as automobile installment loans, home equity loans and credit card receivables, we have also advised on issuances involving the securitization of commercial loans, franchise loans, equipment loans, project finance loans, aircraft leases, equipment leases and intellectual property assets such as movie and cable TV syndication contracts, pharmaceutical license agreements and franchise fees. Many of the transactions on which our lawyers have worked have involved asset-backed commercial paper conduits, master trust structures, REMICs and FASITs, revolving periods, pre-funding periods and other features.
In today's marketplace, derivatives are an integral part of many securitizations and structured finance transactions. The attorneys in our Securitization & Derivatives Practice have significant experience in the use of various types of derivative instruments used in connection with the issuance of asset-backed securities and related warehouse activities, including interest rate caps, swaps, collars and floors, currency swaps, total return swaps, credit linked notes and credit default swaps. Our attorneys have worked extensively with credit derivatives in synthetic securitizations including most recently a synthetic $1 billion high grade CDO, a hybrid CDO of ABS (with long and short synthetic credit exposures) and a single-tranche synthetic CDO referencing emerging market obligations.
Goodwin Procter is a member of the American Securitization Forum.
Goodwin Procter Named to Best Corporate Law Firms ListMay 19, 2014
India Business Law Journal Names Goodwin Procter a "Significant Player" in India-related WorkAugust 21, 2013
The Best Lawyers in America Recognizes 91 Goodwin Procter Attorneys as Leaders in Their FieldAugust 31, 2011
Goodwin Procter Ranks High on Bloomberg's Latest Global Legal Adviser League TablesJuly 7, 2011
Chambers USA 2011 Selects Goodwin Procter for Recognition in 40 Practice AreasJune 9, 2011
Goodwin Procter Selected for 19 Top Tier National Practice Rankings in U.S. News/Best Lawyers "Best Law Firm" 2011 SurveyOctober 31, 2011
Goodwin Procter Names 17 New PartnersOctober 2, 2011
The Best Lawyers in America Recognizes 90 Goodwin Procter Attorneys as Leaders in Their FieldAugust 31, 2011
New York Super Lawyers Honors Goodwin Procter PartnersJuly 17, 2006
Anthony R.G. Nolan Joins Goodwin Procter LLP in New YorkJanuary 3, 2005
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SEC Adopts Final Credit Rating Agency RulesSeptember 2, 2014
SEC Adopts Revisions to Asset-Backed Securities RegimeSeptember 2, 2014
SEC Proposes Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Notification Requirements for Security-Based Swap Dealers and Major Security-Based Swap ParticipantsApril 29, 2014
CFTC Staff Provides Guidance on Auditor Independence Requirements Under FCM Customer Protection RulesApril 8, 2014
SEC Extends Re-Opened Comment Periods for Asset-Backed Securities Proposals Until April 28April 1, 2014
CFTC Provides Time-Limited No-Action Relief to Certain Affiliated Swap CounterpartiesMarch 18, 2014
SEC Proposes Standards for "Covered Clearing Agencies"March 18, 2014
SEC Re-Opens Comment Periods for Asset-Backed Securities Rule ProposalsMarch 4, 2014
SEC Further Extends Securities Law Exemptions for Security-Based SwapsFebruary 11, 2014
CFTC Allows Non-U.S. Entities to Comply with Home Jurisdiction Swap Requirements in Lieu of Certain U.S. RegulationsJanuary 7, 2014
CFTC Faces Court Challenge to Cross-Border GuidanceDecember 10, 2013
NFA Requires Notice Filing from Registered Fund CPOs Reporting on a Consolidated Basis for Registered Fund Pools and Their Wholly-Owned CFC Subsidiaries under CFTC Relief No-Action ReliefNovember 19, 2013
Office of Financial Research Delivers Report Identifying Asset Management Industry Activities That Could Pose Financial Stability RisksOctober 8, 2013
NFA Requires CTAs to Report on a Quarterly BasisSeptember 24, 2013
Basel Committee and IOSCO Publish Policy Framework Establishing Minimum Standards for Margin Requirements for Non-Centrally Cleared DerivativesSeptember 10, 2013
Agencies Re-Propose Rule Implementing Risk Retention Requirements of Dodd-Frank ActSeptember 3, 2013
CFTC Publishes Final Cross-Border GuidanceJuly 23, 2013
CFTC Approves Final Cross-Border Guidance, Reaches Understanding with European Regulators, and Provides Related No-Action ReliefJuly 16, 2013
DC Court of Appeals Upholds CFTC Amendments to Regulation 4.5 CPO Exclusion Relating to Registered FundsJuly 2, 2013
CFTC Provides No-Action Relief from Fingerprinting Requirement for Certain Non-U.S. Associated PersonsJune 25, 2013
OCC Issues Final Rule Implementing Dodd-Frank Amendments to Lending Limit, Which Concern Certain Credit Exposures From Derivatives and Securities Financing TransactionsJune 25, 2013
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Over 1 million gallons of gasoline and other petroleum products form a plume beneath Hartford, Illinois floating on the groundwater table and enmeshed in sub-surface soils. That material continuously volatilizes into a vapor state, containing the carcinogen benzene and other hazardous substances. For almost 40 years, the residents of North Hartford suffered on and off, as the fumes were drawn into their homes through the process of vapor intrusion, causing hundreds of odor complaints, health complaints, and even some fires. Additionally, the groundwater aquifer beneath Hartford was grossly contaminated by the petroleum plume, with some samples showing benzene levels thousands of times higher than safe drinking water standards. This contamination threatens the Village's drinking water supply, as it is present less than three city blocks from the groundwater recharge area for Hartford's municipal drinking water wells.
The hydrocarbon contamination beneath North Hartford was formed by:
The scope and location of the plume was identified using innovative tools, including the Rapid Optical Screening Tool ("ROST") and cone penetrometer ("CPT"), with which hundreds of readings were taken.
Although there is a well-documented history of leaks and spills from the Hartford Refinery and associated pipelines during the period of Apex Oil's ownership, Apex Oil refused to join other area oil companies in participating in a consensual clean-up agreement with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Forensic analysis of the hydrocarbon contamination currently beneath Hartford confirmed Apex Oil's role, however, showing that most of the remaining product was consistent in terms of lead content and refining process with gasoline produced by Apex Oil and inconsistent with products produced by the other oil companies.
In addition to issues relating to an endangerment determination under RCRA Section 7003, the Apex Oil matter also required analysis of the interrelationship between RCRA and bankruptcy law. The District Court held that injunctive relief ordered under RCRA is not dischargeable as a claim in bankruptcy. That issue was upheld on appeal by the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals in August 2009. (Listen to the Oral Argument at the Seventh Circut Court of Apeals)

subset: commoncrawl


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Use this Stauer promo code to save 10% off on your order. Some exclusions apply.
Get $20 off your order of $150 or more when you register for Stauer's savings and promotional newsletter.
Get watches at Stauer that have been discounted to $149. See offer now.
Shop the amazing deals sale at Stauer and you'll get 50-90% off on your purchase. Online price reflects discount.
Use this Stauer promo code to save $20 off your purchase of $150 or more. Note: Offer excludes gift certificates, special orders, repairs, purchase of items that included the receipt of additional gift coupons, clearance merchandise and prior purchases. Offer may be used one time only and cannot be combined with any other offer (including, but not limited to, free gifts, BOGO (buy one get one), free shipping, discounts), copied, transferred or sold. Cash value of any coupon is $0.01. This offer is not redeemable for cash, except where required by law]. Any unused portion of this coupon is void.
Get select earring, bracelets, and more for $29 at Stauer until 4/11. Online price reflects discount.
Originally $278, you'll get the DiamondAura Dearly Beloved Ring and Earrings Set(Item # 20495) for 64% off with this Stauer promo code through 11/8.
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CAs Support Standards and Regulations
There is an industry myth that certification authorities (CAs) are not regulated. In fact publicly-trusted SSL CAs support the development of industry regulations and have been audited annually to ensure compliance to the many requirements.
May 20, 2013 in Secure Browsing, SSL, SSL Deployment -
SSL Fingerprints
GRC has created HTTPS/SSL Fingerprints. This service allows you to check whether or not your enterprise is performing MITM on the SSL secured site that you are trying to reach. It compares the certificate fingerprint to what you would receive to the fingerprint that they receive by going direct. If they are the same, the certificate is authentic and you have no problem. If they are different, then it is likely that someone is performing MITM on your SSL connection.
April 17, 2013 in Secure Browsing, SSL, SSL Deployment -
Public Key Pinning Extension for HTTP
In 2011, Google added public key pinning to Chrome. They white-listed the certification authority public keys that could be used to secure Google domains.
January 21, 2013 in Secure Browsing, SSL, SSL Deployment


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Instructor-Led Security Training
VSR offers a variety of training services including application security and incident response & forensic training. Our trainers have significant hands-on consulting expertise and familiarity with real-world risks. They can provide your staff with the insights necessary to avoid or mitigate those risks.
Foundations of Application Security
VSR teaches developers the foundations of secure software development. During the course, instructors demonstrate major classes of vulnerability affecting applications today and common methodologies used to identify and correct those vulnerabilities. Students gain exposure to penetration testing techniques useful when testing their own software for vulnerabilities.
Students are be taught approaches for avoiding and correcting major security flaws. VSR's trainers provide both generalized instruction and techniques that can be applied to any application, and specific methods approrpiate for the tools and languages currently used by your developers. Developers are taught how to identify vulnerable software components, mitigate potential existing flaws and systematically avoid creating insecure components when writing new code.
This course can also be custom tailored to address application security concerns observed during our penetration testing or code reviews of your applications. This provides developers with examples that are relevant to the code they work with regularly.
This class is offered in one-day and two-day versions. The two-day version of the class includes additional labs and hands-on exploitation of common vulnerabilities.
Introduction to Incident Response and Forensic Analysis
VSR's introductory course in digital forensics and incident response is designed to provide a solid foundation for digital investigators by focusing on both high-level collection and analysis procedures, in addition to task oriented tools in a hands-on lab environment.
The incident response methodologies presented are designed to maximize the amount of useful evidence collected, while minimizing the impact to production environments. The forensic analysis portion of the course provides an in-depth look at the primary data structures of multiple filesystems and file formats where evidence can be found. This three-day course is presented in alternating lecture and lab sessions so students can immediately apply theory to realistic situations.


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Tag Archives: beginnings
Next Chapters (We'll Miss This Southern Jewish Chapter!)
I am a lover of stories and often find myself drifting into worlds outside my reality. My young mind fought to protect Gotham City, sailed aboard the Pequod with Captain Ahab, traveled time with Billy Pilgrim, mourned the loss of Professor Snape, and fought beside Odysseus so he could return to his beloved Penelope.
Outside of the realm of literature, I am also a wanderer, collecting stories of those I have the pleasure to meet. Upon graduating college in New York in May 2012, I engaged in a major adventure – moving from Westborough, Massachusetts to Jackson, Mississippi – as part of the ISJL Education Fellowship.
The only thing I had to rely on were the stories I had read of the Mississippi – Aibileen bravely advocating for her fellow maids, the stream of consciousness surrounding the passing of Addie Bundren, and the adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn (on the Mississippi River and not in the state, a subtle geographical distinction I initially failed to grasp). I knew Mississippi in books.
Upon arrival, I expected to be an outsider. I dreamed of absorbing the idyllic South as if I was reading it in a book, surveying the lives of the Magnolia State residents, seeing their narrative as separate from my own. What I found could not have been further from my hypothesis.
The last two years, my story has become our story, the Fellowship chapter. This is the story of five people from different walks charting undiscovered and rediscovered worlds together. The story of sharing, spreading, and discovering Jewish wisdom and knowledge throughout the South, sometimes in the most unexpected places. That of leading song sessions and musical experiences, or Geocaching to explore Passover. We deduced that there are over a hundred different ways to eat grits and that flight times are negotiable. We found love and support in our communities – and strength and family in our relationship with each other.
And now, our stories diverge, as my fellow Fellows and I all prepare to begin our next chapters.
Sam will travel to Baltimore, MD to begin her studies at the University of Maryland School of Social Work.
Adam's next chapter takes him Memphis, to begin his training to work in Development for the Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity.
Dan's story will have him teaching high school history in a public school in the DC area, bringing along the skills and ideas he learned in the fellowship.
Elaine, too, will continue teaching, and she's going to be doing it in an exciting new Jewish setting up in Boulder, Colorado, working as the Adventure Educator with the Adventure Rabbi program.
And my story takes me back up North, to the Big Apple, where I will begin my graduate work in Education and Jewish Studies at NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development.
Who knows where our stories will take us? Wherever they do, I'm glad to have spent this chapter in the Southern Jewish world.
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Small Congregations, Big Blessings: Delivering A Legacy
On Yom Kippur this year, the few remaining families of the 161-year old congregation of B'nai El in St. Louis, Missouri, entered the large sanctuary of Shaare Emeth. All of the members representing Shaare Emeth's 1600-plus households simultaneously rose to their feet in honor of the Torahs held in the arms of B'nai El's remaining few members. They, along with the Torahs, were being welcomed into their new spiritual home.
For those who may not know, B'nai El (established circa 1852) was the first Jewish congregation to build its sacred dwelling west of the Mississippi River. After a brief period of existence as an Orthodox congregation, B'nai El joined the Reform Movement, and in 1874 was among the founding congregations of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, now known as the Union for Reform Judaism.
B'nai El was also my hometown congregation.
I say, "was," because – as of this year – B'nai El closed its doors, due to a great decline in membership over recent decades. Facing this moment has not been easy for any of us. Yet, thanks to a dedicated board and a compassionate interim rabbi, the congregation of B'nai El made thoughtful, though difficult, decisions that brought great honor to its history, ensuring its lasting legacy.
These brave acts included offering me (as a son of the congregation) the complete contents of their Sisterhood Judaica Shop. As their Sisterhood president Maryellen McSweeny told me: "Just because we are closing doesn't mean that we can't still make a difference, an impact in the Jewish world. Please take these items to impact your work with small congregations in the South."
In B'nai El's name, I have done just that. During a Bat Mitzvah service in the Mississippi Delta, a brilliant young lady received a beautiful B'nai El tallit. Every time she wraps herself in it, the generations of B'nai El embrace her. During a funeral in Alabama, the mourners received a special yahrzeit candle holder. Every year they light it, memories of both their loved one and the congregation will be illuminated.
And, during a Shabbat service with the small college town congregation of Am Shalom in Bowling Green, Kentucky, I noticed that the Torah was without a yad for reading. Upon my return to the office, I went to the ISJL closet filled with B'nai El's generous donations. From it, I pulled out a yad. I sent it to Am Shalom with the message, "May it continue to point y'all forward with God's loving touch in this coming year."
Am Shalom's president, Laura Jacobs, wrote the following to Maryellen McSweeny in response:
We very much appreciate you sending us your yad. We are a very small congregation of about 15 families. We meet about one time per month for social and religious events. We are lay-led and so appreciate Rabbi Klaven and all he brings to our small congregation. As you know, he is a special person, making Judaism come alive for the young and old. We are blessed he chose to share your yad with us. Know that we will put it to good use. I've attached the pictures of some of our members on Yom Kippur with the yad on our Torah. L'shana tovah to you!
What I have come to appreciate even more through connecting some of the remaining items from my hometown congregation of B'nai El to other Jewish communities in need is that our story does not end when we find a place to call home. Rather, just as it was for our ancestors, coming home marks the next chapter of our development, as we continue to honor our history and live our legacy.
Image above: B'nai El's Yad brings new blessings to its new home at Am Shalom.
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - View original article
This article does not cite any references or sources. (July 2010) |
Schloss Drachenburg is a private villa in palace style constructed in the late 19th century. It was completed in only two years (1882–84) on the Drachenfels hill in Königswinter, a German town on the Rhine near the city of Bonn. Baron Stephan von Sarter (1833–1902), a broker and banker, planned to live there, but never did.
Today the Palace is in the possession of the State Foundation of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is served by an intermediate station on the Drachenfels Railway.
Drachenburg castle (left) and Drachenfels ruin (right) on the Drachenfels mountain
Coordinates: 50°40′07″N 7°12′23″E / 50.66861°N 7.20639°E
This article about a North Rhine-Westphalian building or structure is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
This article about a palace in Germany is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |


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Wednesday 3 April 2013
An increasing number of businesses are witnessing growth, new research has revealed.
In a study conducted by Experian, 32 per cent of companies achieved 'strong sales growth' for the 12 months to December 2012.
This is up from just a quarter between 2008 and 2010, based upon available accounts.
Experian found that businesses in Hull have seen the highest level of improved sales growth in the country.
Max Firth, UK managing director for Experian's Business Information Services division, noted that Stoke-on-Trent, Wolverhampton and Birmingham are also incubating some strong businesses.
He said companies in these cities have demonstrated the ability to grow "significantly", even in the tough economic climate that existed between 2010 and 2011.
"If businesses such as these can be nurtured to sustain their growth, it should lead to improved prosperity for those areas," Mr Firth stated.
"The businesses themselves need to harness opportunities through careful monitoring of the business climate, so that they can actively seek growth opportunities and minimise risk."
Microsoft offers a range of services and software solutions designed to help UK businesses drive revenue.
Posted by Jenny Arthur
6 February 2014
17 January 2014
14 January 2014
6 January 2014
29 November 2013


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Pics After The Jump
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Michael Jace and his wife April
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Kevin Hart stopped the Conan O'Brien show yesterday for a hilarious chat. Hart explained that he has to wear colorful workout gear when he's jogging because with his dark skin color he's afraid of being hit by a car at night.
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Dj Stylez ( @80MinAssASSIN ) Reveals tracklist for his latest mixtape dropping 11.2.2012 you can find it on all the blogs and mixtape websites.
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by bd3521 » Tue May 03, 2005 11:29 pm
by Webster11 » Mon May 09, 2005 10:01 am
kimchi_chigae wrote:they have it on CBS sportsline...Most AddedTavarez, Julian RP STL Patterson, John SP WAS Turnbow, Derrick RP MIL Perez, Neifi SS CHC Dellucci, David LF TEX Park, Chan Ho SP TEX Jones, Todd RP FLA Herges, Matt RP SF Matos, Luis CF BAL Grudzielanek, Mark 2B STL Counsell, Craig SS ARI Loaiza, Esteban SP WAS Atkins, Garrett 3B COL Chen, Bruce SP BAL Garland, Jon SP CHW Floyd, Cliff LF NYM Bedard, Erik SP BAL Cano, Robinson 3B NYY Branyan, Russell 3B MIL Logan, Nook CF DET Brazoban, Yhency RP LA Belliard, Ron 2B CLE Vizquel, Omar SS SF Lyon, Brandon RP ARI Chacin, Gustavo SP TOR Penny, Brad SP LA Harvey, Ken 1B KC Wang, Chien-Ming RP NYY Brower, Jim RP SF Encarnacion, Juan RF FLA Shields, Scot RP ANA Halsey, Brad SP ARI Maroth, Mike SP DET Julio, Jorge RP BAL Duchscherer, Justin RP OAK Escobar, Kelvim SP ANA Washburn, Jarrod SP ANA Batista, Miguel SP TOR Zaun, Gregg C TOR Rios, Alex OF TOR Silva, Carlos SP MIN Alou, Moises LF SF Everett, Carl RF CHW White, Rondell LF DET Hampton, Mike SP ATL Mesa, Jose RP PIT Hillenbrand, Shea 1B TOR Hinske, Eric 3B TOR Koskie, Corey 3B TOR Iguchi, Tadahito 2B CHW Most DroppedBenitez, Armando RP SF Wells, David SP BOS Schilling, Curt SP BOS Isringhausen, Jason RP STL Mota, Guillermo RP FLA Sheets, Ben SP MIL Cantu, Jorge L. 2B TB Nady, Xavier RF SD Adams, Mike RP MIL Williams, Jerome SP SF Hidalgo, Richard RF TEX Giambi, Jason 1B NYY Swisher, Nick OF OAK Ordonez, Magglio RF DET Wright, Jaret SP NYY Westbrook, Jake SP CLE Lowry, Noah SP SF Drese, Ryan SP TEX Wilson, Craig A. 1B PIT Bellhorn, Mark 2B BOS Valentin, Jose SS LA Garciaparra, Nomar SS CHC Wood, Kerry SP CHC Milton, Eric SP CIN Blake, Casey 3B CLE Boone, Aaron 3B CLE Wolf, Randy SP PHI Lilly, Ted SP TOR Cuddyer, Michael 3B MIN Byrnes, Eric CF OAK MacDougal, Mike M. RP KC Fox, Chad RP CHC Greinke, Zack SP KC Davis, Doug SP MIL Glavine, Tom SP NYM Ramirez, Horacio SP ATL Jimenez, D'Angelo 2B CIN Diaz, Victor RF NYM Astacio, Pedro SP TEX Uribe, Juan 2B CHW Crisp, Coco CF CLE Dye, Jermaine RF CHW Wilson, Jack SS PIT Closser, J.D. C COL Spivey, Junior 2B MIL Rincon, Juan RP MIN Tracy, Chad 3B ARI Wuertz, Michael RP CHC Weaver, Jeff SP LA
by Steve-o » Mon May 09, 2005 12:28 pm
The Punisher wrote:Why in the world would someone drop Schilling or Sheets?
by kimchi_chigae » Wed May 11, 2005 2:34 am
Steve-o wrote:The Punisher wrote:Why in the world would someone drop Schilling or Sheets? A lot of CBS leagues have no injury spots and make you play all your players that week. Thus you get kinda crazy results, like people dropping Schill and Sheets. I actually don't find their added and dropped list useful for that reason.As to a link to it... I think you need to be in a CBS league to view it.
by TheYanks04 » Wed May 11, 2005 2:43 am
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text:
Poem: 'Which but for Vacancy'
Jorie Graham
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Vol. 19 No. 15 · 31 July 1997 » Jorie Graham » Poem: 'Which but for Vacancy'
page 6 | 465 words


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Just read this trough and my head is hurting with all those strange names roaming around in there. However, I really enjoyed this particular update and the graphics were excellent. I love the first one tbh.
Have a swell time in Barcelona. I thought it to be a very nice city when I visited a few years back.
hehe.The second is, an attentive reader might ask: RGB, why the slavish insistence on parallelism?


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Swedish House Mafia Is Dying: An Extremely Detailed Breakdown
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Blurred Lines
Robin Thicke & Pharrell's 'Blurred Lines' Lawsuit Going to Trial
Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams lost the first round in their lawsuit against Marvin Gaye's estate.
Robin Thicke & Paula Patton Separating
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How does a man, who turned 40 in April and has been in the business since the mid-'90s, stay relevant after all these years? His recent collaborators sound off.


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Weatherill hoping for co-operation at COAG
PUBLISHED: 11 Apr 2012 13:28:00 | UPDATED: 12 Apr 2012 11:32:00PRINT EDITION: 11 Apr 2012
South Australian Premier Jay Weatherill will head to the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) meeting on Friday in a spirit of co-operation, despite being one of only two state Labor premiers at the gathering.
It will be Mr Weatherill's first COAG meeting since taking over from former premier Mike Rann in October last year.
Mr Rann attended the previous COAG meeting in August, despite having already announced his plans to step down.
Mr Weatherill says he looks forward to co-operating with the other states and territories in the national interest.
"The Commonwealth was formed as an economic union between equals to advance the interests of all Australians," the premier said on Wednesday.
"That's the approach I'll be taking to COAG."
Mr Weatherill has not revealed any wishlist he is taking to Canberra, but says discussions about revitalising cities and skills reform are of particular interest to South Australia.
In recent weeks, the SA government has unveiled a series of initiatives to help Adelaide become a more vibrant city, including changed planning regulations and revised shop trading laws.
The state government has also expressed concern at the fall in GST payments to the states, with Treasurer Jack Snelling saying the cuts have put the SA budget under increasing stress.
South Australian Greens Senator Sarah Hanson-Young said Mr Weatherill should use the COAG meeting to lobby his interstate counterparts for a better plan to save the Murray.
"This is the number one issue for South Australia and we are getting close to crunch time," she said.
"Jay Weatherill has a wonderful opportunity this Friday to ensure South Australia's voice is heard and I'm sure he will."
Mr Weatherill has repeatedly said the return of 2750 gigalitres of water to the river under the draft plan from the Murray Darling Basin Authority would not get SA's support.
The premier wants extra flows of about 4000gl to ensure the health of the river.
The Greens have also lobbied for the return of more water to the river than recommended by the draft plan.
Related News
Read more
People | Jay Weatherill |
Topics | Politics /Federal Politics |


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Marilyn Monroe's Seven Year Itch dress sells for $4.6m
The white dress worn by Marilyn Monroe in the 1955 film The Seven Year Itch has sold for $4.6m (£2.8m) at an auction in Los Angeles.
The dress was part of a collection of film memorabilia collected by actress Debbie Reynolds over four decades.
She had hoped to house them in a museum but the project never came to fruition.
Other lots included Elizabeth Taylor's Cleopatra headdress, a Charlie Chaplin bowler hat and the guitar played by Julie Andrews in The Sound of Music.
Reynolds, 79, was in tears as the auction on the iconic Seven Year Itch dress closed, CNN reported.
Auction house Profiles in History had expected it to reach around $2m.
It was bought by an unidentified buyer bidding by telephone.
A red sequined dress and feathered headdress worn for Monroe's role in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes reached $1.47m and a saloon girl costume from River of No Return for $510,000.
Debbie Reynolds has made a mint from her collection of costumes and artifacts, but the sale is tinged with sadness.
For decades the actress personally attended studio auctions to buy spectacular costumes from some of the most iconic films. For Reynolds it was a labour of love and reflected a passion to preserve the artifacts of Hollywood's golden age.
But little interest was shown in the collection from any organisation with the wherewithal to put it on display. The actress decided to sell off the items individually because caring for them had become a financial burden.
Joe Maddalena, who runs the auction house, Profiles in History, told me it reflected badly on Hollywood: "Why there isn't a movie hall of fame, a cultural institute to share this around the world is an atrocity. I don't think anybody cares enough about their heritage to do something about it."
Many of the items had been given to Reynolds by her close friend Dame Elizabeth Taylor, who died earlier this year. The horse racing outfit worn by Taylor as a child in National Velvet sold for $73,800.
The trademark bowler hat worn by Charlie Chaplin in several films, including The Little Tramp, reached $135,300 while a dress and pair of ruby slippers worn by Judy Garland in the filming of The Wizard of Oz sold for $1.75m despite not having appeared in the film.
Keya Morgan, a collector of memorabilia and author of a book on Monroe, said the auction was "totally crazy, especially in this recession".
She told CNN Monroe would have been amazed to see her old outfits sell for so much.
Reynolds began collecting props and costumes in 1970 and had amassed some 3,500 items.
Speaking before the auction, she said the cost of maintaining them had become too high and that by selling them "I won't have quite so much responsibility and I can rest a little more".


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- About this Journal ·
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Active and Passive Electronic Components
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 309789, 7 pages
The Application of Approximate Entropy Theory in Defects Detecting of IGBT Module
State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, University of Chongqing, Chongqing 400044, China
Received 5 June 2012; Accepted 30 July 2012
Academic Editor: Jiun-Wei Horng
Copyright © 2012 Shengqi Zhou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Defect is one of the key factors in reducing the reliability of the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) module, so developing the diagnostic method for defects inside the IGBT module is an important measure to avoid catastrophic failure and improves the reliability of power electronic converters. For this reason, a novel diagnostic method based on the approximate entropy (ApEn) theory is presented in this paper, which can provide statistical diagnosis and allow the operator to replace defective IGBT modules timely. The proposed method is achieved by analyzing the cross ApEn of the gate voltages before and after the occurring of defects. Due to the local damage caused by aging, the intrinsic parasitic parameters of packaging materials or silicon chips inside the IGBT module such as parasitic inductances and capacitances may change over time, which will make remarkable variation in the gate voltage. That is to say the gate voltage is close coupled with the defects. Therefore, the variation is quantified and used as a precursor parameter to evaluate the health status of the IGBT module. Experimental results validate the correctness of the proposed method.
1. Introduction
The survey carried out in [1] shows that the reliability of power electronic converters deserves increasing interest from industry in recent years, but the satisfaction level with reliability monitoring is low at 50%. This suggests more research effort is needed. One of the major challenges is the health management of power electronic devices due to their significant impacts on the degradation of power electronic converters. At present, the IGBTs are the most used power electronic devices in many industrial applications as well as some safe-critical fields such as traction and renewable energy [2, 3], where stringent reliability is required. Though the reliability of IGBTs has been substantial developed recently, the failure rate of IGBTs dropped from 1,000 FITs in 1995 to 20 FITs in 2000, and to only a few FITs currently where 1 FIT is equal 1 × 10−9 failures per device-hour [4], the IGBTs used in those safe-critical fields mentioned above may undergo severe electrical and thermal stress. Such as wind power generation, the IGBTs are subject to large-junction temperature swings during normal operation due to the inherent intermittent nature of the wind speed and low-converter-modulation frequencies [5]. Therefore, monitoring reliability degradation of IGBTs becomes an important issue and still remains as an open topic for research [6].
Reliability is the ability of a product or system to perform as intended for a specified time, in its life-cycle environment [7]. Traditional reliability prediction methods rely on the collection of failure data of the components, but are not applicable for IGBTs because of vast time consumption. More and more researches on detecting reliability degradation of IGBTs are reported in recent years [4, 5, 8–14]. Most of those researches are based on the external indication of aging or impending failure and physics of failure. However, since many of the physical wear-out mechanisms give little external indication [15] or it is very difficult to sense the junction temperature during operation [5], those methods are still under development [6]. Relevant researches indicate that the reliability degradation of IGBTs depends on the fatigue accumulated over time, there are some localized defects induced inside the IGBT module before catastrophic failure, such as the bond wire liftoff and the solder layer cracking [16]. Besides significantly reducing the reliability of IGBTs, these localized defects may also affect some intrinsic parasitic elements of the IGBT module and consequently change the gate voltage. This provides a practical way to monitor those defects inside the IGBT module by identifying the variation of the gate voltage. Unlike post-fault detections [17–19], monitoring defects inside the IGBT module allows operators to find out an unhealthy IGBT module in a prefault condition and replace it timely to avoid burnout and subsequently collateral damage to the rest of the converter.
The gate circuit consists of intrinsic junction capacitances and associated parasitic inductances and resistances of packaging materials, so it is firmly coupled with those intrinsic parasitic elements inside the IGBT module and sensitive to the occurring of defects. But, sensing the gate voltage during converter operation may be affected by many uncertain factors such as noises, which would lead the conclusion to be ambiguous. To circumvent this limit, a diagnostic method based on the approximate entropy theory is proposed in this paper, which can provide statistical diagnosis [20]. Such statistical diagnosis can be well understood and accepted.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Firstly, the failure mechanisms of IGBTs and the influences of defects over the performance of the gate circuit are discussed, a linearization of the gate circuit over a particular time period of the turn-on process of the IGBT moduleis adopted to eliminate disturbance caused by the nonlinear gate to collector capacitor , then the approximate entropy theory is overviewed and the calculation of the cross ApEn is also carried out. Finally, a diagnostic method based on the variation of the cross ApEn of the gate voltages before and after the occurring of defects is proposed to find out the possible abnormality, and a confirmatory experiment is also carried out by adopting a special unencapsulated IGBT module to verify the correctness of the diagnostic method proposed in this paper.
2. Failure Mechanisms and Defects of IGBTs
2.1. Failure Mechanisms of IGBTs
Modern IGBTs are characterized by numerous advantages such as low on-state resistance, good switching speed and excellent safe-operating area. They are widely used in low-to-medium-power and high-frequency applications, and nowadays even replaced the gate turn-off (GTO) thyristors in high power range. There are a variety of configurations of IGBTs from discrete IGBTs to IGBT modules. Among those configurations, the IGBT modules are very popular in high-power applications. Though upcoming semiconductor materials, such as silicon carbide has attracted more and more attention, most commercial available high-power IGBT modules are still fabricated using silicon as the base material. Being limited by the material properties of silicon, the power density of the IGBT chip is restricted, thus many IGBT chips are connected in parallel inside the IGBT module, together with diode chips antiparallel placed serving as freewheeling diodes (FWD) at present, in order to enhance the current conducting capability as shown in Figure 1. In this case, there are two IGBT switches in the IGBT module. Each switch consists of two parallel IGBT chips and two antiparallel FWD chips.
The IGBT module is complex multilayered structure with different materials in intimate contact with each other, which provide mechanical stability, electrical insulation, and thermal conduction. Thermal interactions between these materials play an important role in the long-term reliability of the IGBT module [16, 21]. The schematic cross-section of the IGBT module and related coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of its component materials are represented in Figure 2. From top to bottom are bond wire, silicon chip, direct bonded copper ceramic substrate (DBC), and baseplate. From Figure 2, it can be seen that there are two weak points within the IGBT module due to the CTE mismatch, one is the interface between bond wire and silicon chip, the other is solder layer. Thermal stress caused by large junction temperature swings (up to 80°C) occurred in some fields has a severe effect on the reliability of IGBTs [4, 5]. Bond-wire fatigue and solder fatigue have been identified as the main failure mechanisms [9, 22].
2.2. Defects and Their Influences
There are two main defects observed inside the IGBT module: the liftoff of bond wire and the crack of solder layer as a results of aging. These defects would affect some intrinsic parasitic elements of the IGBT module like parasitic inductance and resistance of the emitter bond wires or junction capacitances, as shown in Figure 3 [23, 24], where and are the parasitic inductance and resistance of the gate lead respectively, and are the parasitic inductance and resistance of the gate bond wire respectively, is the gate-emitter capacitance, is the gate-collector capacitance, and are the parasitic inductance and resistance of the emitter bond wires respectively, and are the parasitic inductance and resistance of the auxiliary emitter lead respectively, and are the parasitic inductance and resistance of the emitter lead respectively, and are the parasitic inductance and resistance of the collector lead respectively, and the numbers in those symbols indicate different chips in the switch. Note that the collector-emitter capacitance is not included in Figure 3 because it has little effect on the switching characteristics of the IGBT module [25].
The liftoff of bond wire can change not only the parasitic inductance and resistance of emitter bond wires, but also the layout of the IGBT module. For example, if six bond wires connecting the emitter of chip one are liftoff as shown in Figure 4, this chip will be to failure, then the layout of the IGBT module is altered that two paralleled chips become one. Consequently, the equivalent total gate-emitter parasitic capacitance is also changed. Cracks at silicon-substrate or substrate-baseplate solder layers can reduce the effective area for heat conduction and increase the thermal resistance from junction to case, which will lead to higher junction temperature [6] and ionize more hot carriers to change the junction capacitance. In addition, the gate electrostatic discharge and the collector over-voltage can also ionize hot carriers and affect the junction capacitance, but they should be accidental factors. On the whole, defects would affect some intrinsic parasitic elements involved in gate circuit.
2.3. Linearization
From Figure 3, it can be seen that the gate voltage is electrically coupled with the collector-emitter voltage by the Miller capacitance including and . This Miller capacitance consists of the series combination of the gate-drain-overlap oxide capacitance and the gate-drain-overlap depletion capacitance , is a typical nonlinear intrinsic parasitic element due to the voltage dependence of the capacitance [26].
where is the gate-drain overlap area, is the dielectric constant of silicon, is the gate threshold voltage, and is the base doping concentration. The significant change in can be as large as a factor of 10 to 100 [25]. Since differs in different applications, the direct use of the gate voltage would lead the diagnostic results to be ambiguous. So a linearization of the gate circuit over a particular time period of the turn-on process of the IGBT module is employed. As shown in Figure 5, during the beginning stage of the turn-on process, that is, the time interval from to , the collector-emitter voltage remains at the high DC voltage as long as the free-wheeling diode is conducting, remains at a small constant value because of the high and unchanged and almost equals to which is far less than . So the beginning from to , is the most relevant stage, where the nonlinear influence caused by , and is eliminated and the whole intrinsic parasitic elements involved in the gate circuit can be seen as linear elements because rest-associated intrinsic parasitic inductances and resistances like and are linear elements and not affected by .
Then the gate voltage can be seen as a step response of a second-order linear system as shown in Figure 6, where and are negative and positive supply voltage of the gate circuit, respectively, is the control signal, R represents the total external resistance, L represents the total external inductance, represents the total intrinsic parasitic resistance involved in the gate circuit, represents the total intrinsic parasitic inductance involved in the gate circuit, represents the total intrinsic parasitic capacitance involved in the gate circuit. In most cases, the external components of the gate circuit are fixed. Therefore, the variation of the gate voltage is mainly contributed by the change of intrinsic elements. The purpose of this paper is to extract precursor information from variation of the gate voltage at the beginning stage of the turn-on process.
3. Approximate Entropy Theory and Defects Diagnosis
From analysis mentioned above, it is clear that the variation of the gate voltage at the beginning stage of the turn-on process is closely coupled with defects inside the IGBT module. So this variation can be used as precursor parameter to develop a diagnostic methodology for IGBT defects. However, sensing the gate voltage during converter operation may be affected by many uncertain factors such as noises, which may have impact on the diagnostic results. To overcome this limit, a diagnostic method based on the approximate entropy theory is proposed in this paper.
3.1. Theory of ApEn
The ApEn is developed from statistics, and is used to quantify the amount of system complexity and the unpredictability of variations over time-series data, which has the advantages of lower computational demand, small data samples, less noise effects [20]. The definition and algorithm for the ApEn of the gate voltage are introduced in the following.(1) Given a time series of the gate voltage data U = from measurements equally spaced in time. The value presents the length of the time series.(2) Fix m < N, an integer, and r, a positive real number. The value presents the length of compared run of data, and presents a tolerance level. Typically choose m = 2, and r = 0.1~0.2SD(U), SD(U) is the standard deviation of U.(3) Form a sequence of vectors, in, real m-dimensional space.(4) Define for each , where, .(5) Define .(6) Form , and repeat ~, get .(7) Define approximate entropy as
3.2. Cross ApEn of Gate Voltage Developed from the Theory of ApEn
In order to distinguish the gate-voltage data sampled at different stages of the life cycle, the algorithm for the cross ApEn is also provided as follow.(1) Given one time series of the gate-voltage data U = from measurements equally spaced in time as references, and another one V = of real-time samples. The value presents the length of the time series.(2) Fix m < N, an integer, and r, a positive real number. The value presents the length of compared run of data, and presents a tolerance level. Typically choose m = 2, and r = 0.1~0.2COV(U, V), COV(U, V) is the covariance of and V.(3) Form a sequence of vectors, in, real m-dimensional space.(4) Form a sequence of vectors, in, real m-dimensional space.(5) Define for each , , where, .(6) Define .(7) Form , and repeat , get .(8) Define cross ApEn as
3.3. Sample of Gate Voltage
The time interval from to shown in Figure 5 is very short. Generally, this time interval is less than 1 μs. But, the highest sampling rate of an analog-to-digital converter at a reasonable price is about 125 M. This implies one data acquisition is not enough to carry out the algorithm for the ApEn and the cross ApEn as shown in Figure 7.
To circumvent this limit, a number of successive cycles of the gate voltage are measured and reassembled to one sample as shown in Figure 8, in this case 10 cycles.
4. Valiadation and Discussion
4.1. Validation
In order to examine the diagnostic method provided in this paper, a test rig is built in lab as shown in Figure 9. An especially uncovered 2MBI150U4H-170 IGBT module provided by FUJI as shown in Figure 1 is included, together with a power source (Agilent 6813B), a control board, a gate driver, and a oscilloscope (TDS5104B). The inductive load has 10 Ω resistance in series with 300 μH inductance, and the switching frequency of the device under test (DUT) is 10 kHz, and the sampling rate of TDS5104B is set to 125 MS/s, at approximately the same rate of an analog-to-digital converter AD9600ABCPZ-125 from ADI. Two levels of bond-wire liftoff defect are simulated, the first one is three bond wires are liftoff inside the DUT, and the other one is chip failure, namely, six bond wires which are connected to the emitter of chip one inside the DUT are all liftoff as shown in Figure 4. The experiment results are shown in the following. Here, the gate voltage data at the health state is used as reference.
From the experiment results detailed in Figures 10 and 11, it is clear that partial bond wires failure contributes little to the variations of the gate voltage. This is because the values of parasitic inductances and resistances of bond wires are very small, so they do not play an important role in deciding the gate voltage as shown in Figure 10. But, after the chip failure, the significant changes can be found as shown in Figures 10 and 11, and the corresponding inference results by ApEn model also suggests that the cross ApEn of the gate voltage has a remarkable change from 0.189 to 0.457, comparing to partial bond wire failure which just changes from 0.167 to 0.189 as shown in Table 1. Though the results show that the ApEn of the gate voltage also changes with defects, the trend is not obvious. Hence, the cross ApEn of the gate voltage will be better for defects diagnosis. Due to the fact that enormous number of chips in an IGBT module in high-power case, a single or two chips failure would not lead to an catastrophic failure to the entire module, in other words, the IGBT module is still operable, and the post-fault detection methods may do not work here. Therefore, the method proposed in this paper can be considered as prefault detection, which gives the operators a chance to replace the defective modules and avoid a sudden breakdown, and the maintenance can also be scheduled.
5. Conclusion
This paper proposed an ApEn-based method to monitor defects in an IGBT module using gate voltage at beginning state. This method can be seen as prefault detection, and is able to accurately detect chip defect in an IGBT module, that may cause the rest chips over current and the whole module damaged. The method may give enough time forthe operators to replace the defective IGBT modules. Experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the method. And it is hopeful to improve the operational reliability of power converter. The future work should consider online acquisition of the gate voltage, and so forth.
This work was supported in part by the International S&T Cooperation Program of China (ISTCP) under Grant no. 2010DFA72250, and in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant no. 51077137. Besides, the authors would like to thank FUJI Electric Device Technology Hong Kong Co., LTD for their free open samples.
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Interim director: David Symer, MD, PhD
Technical director: Pearlly Yan, PhD
The Nucleic Acid/Microarray Shared Resource (NA/MASR) provides both Nucleic Acid services and Microarray services. It offers instrumentation and expertise for DNA and RNA analysis using sequencing, genotyping, real-time PCR, Affymetrix GeneChips, nCounter Analysis, next-generation sequencing, DNA synthesis support and genome-wide analysis using the Illumina NGS platform and Affymetrix and customizable gene chips.
Both OSUCCC–James member and non-member investigators have unlimited access to training, consultation, troubleshooting and assistance in experimental design.
Nucleic Acid Services
Nucleic Acid services provides substantial technical expertise and training for state-of-the-art genomic instruments to address fundamental cancer research questions. A variety of educational outreach activities are used to introduce OSUCCC members to new instrumentation, technology and methodologies developed at Ohio State and key allied organizations.
Nucleic Acid goals:
- Provide reliable, high-quality, affordable, low- and high-throughput standard user-level genomic and epigenomic support
- Provide, optimize, develop and apply early access technologies relevant to cancer research
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Microarray Services
The microarray is a high-throughput technology that can monitor the entire transcriptome, including mRNA and lncRNA. A separate array is available for small RNA species, including microRNA, snoRNA and scaRNA. Additionally there is TAC 2.0 analysis software installed in the lab for users to explore pairwise comparisons and mRNA-miRNA interactions. The microarray service arm offers custom microarray design and fabrication, commercial microarrays (Affymetrix/Agilent/Nimblegen) and RNA/DNA quality/quantity analysis (Bioanalyzer, Qubit, NanoDrop).
Microarray goals
- Provide full service and support of genome-wide and targeted mRNA transcriptional profiling and SNP genotyping on Affymetrix and custom microarray platforms
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- Provide quantitative measurement of RNA integrity for use with a multitude of downstream applications. Additionally, sizing analysis on small RNA species between 6 and 150nt is available. DNA analysis includes size and concentration information on DNA fragments between 60 and 12,000 bp And to improve the quality and reliability of expression analysis using Agilent Bioanalyzer.
NA/MA Interim director: David Symer, MD, PhD
Nucleic Acid services
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- Laboratory Services Coordinator: Christine Daugherty, MS
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David Symer, MD, PhD: To come
Pearlly Yan, PhD, NA services technical director for Illumina HiSeq 2500 Sequencing, is also a research assistant professor.
Prior to joining the NASR, Dr. Yan was the deputy director for Ohio State's NCI-Integrative Cancer Biology Program (OSU-ICBP). The OSU-ICBP program brings clinical and basic cancer researchers together with researchers from mathematics, physics, information technology, bioinformatics/biostatistics and computer science to work on key questions in cancer biology. Dr. Yan was responsible for establishing an Illumina sequencing sample submission contract with an external sequencing center. She established collaborations with Ohio State and non-Ohio State informatics scientists, biostatisticians, bioinformaticians and biologists to analyze, visualize and validate next-generation sequencing data.
As the Nucleic Acids technical director, Dr. Yan is responsible for procurement, setup and managing the Illumina Core. She is an expert in working with high-volume, high-dimension, next-generation sequencing data, as well as with the diverse tools and viewpoints common to biologists and to computational scientists on the cancer genome.
Dr. Yan works with OSUCCC – James principal investigators and their lab members to develop novel ways to use the Illumina HiSeq 2500 for integrating a specific region of genome interest.
She has coauthored more than 100 publications.
Paolo Fadda, PharmD, laboratory services coordinator, earned a PharmD degree from Sassari University (Italy) and brings more than three years of research experience in molecular biology to the shared resource.
Dr. Fadda has experience in gene expression analysis, including TaqMan gene expression assays, TaqMan Low Density Array (TLDA), TaqMan microRNA assays, high-throughput gene expression analysis using the nCounter System from NanoString Technologies, SYBR Green chemistry and data analysis.
Christine Daugherty, MS, laboratory services coordinator, earned her MS in Molecular Genetics from Ohio State. She has more than 19 years' experience in molecular biology, sequencing, and genotyping research and analysis. Her expertise includes Sanger-based DNA sequencing and genotyping on ABI PRISM 3730 DNA Analyzers, and Next-generation Sequencing (Ion PGM Sequencer).
Cameron Stump, BS, received his degree from the Ohio State University and is taking a research leave from University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. He is responsible for all types of Illumina sequencing library generation, including transcriptome profiling, exome and smRNA-seq. Most importantly, Stump is responsible for quantifying and characterizing sequencing libraries, pooling them by barcode compatibility, and targeting a predetermined amount to yield the desired reads counts.
Paige Stump, BS, received her degree from the Otterbein University. Her expertise is in characterizing and quantifying user-submitted nucleic acid samples for Illumina library generation, coordinating library generation schedules to fit upcoming sequencing format. Stump is responsible for the bulk of the diverse library types produced from the core. She also coordinates with the computation team members to generate and distribute sequencing data QC reports to OSUCCC users.
Microarray services
Sarah Warner, Laboratory Supervisor, BS in Molecular Genetics from The Ohio State University. Warner is responsible for the tracking and processing of all the services the MASR offers. She works closely with Dr. Symer and Dr. Yan and in collaboration with other core labs to provide cost effective, high-quality data in a timely manner. Warner has received training on NGS from Applied Biosystems, and has used the technology extensively. She reduced microarray turnaround times 64 percent. With a background in Molecular Genetics, she has more than 12 years' experience at Ohio State. .
Cross-Institutional Work
Nucleic Acid services provides:
- Next-generation sequencing services to:
- The Cleveland Clinic
- Nationwide Child'en's Hospital
- Indiana University, Bloomington
- Indiana University-Purdue University in Indianapolis
- Case Western University
- Miami University
- Various institutions in Taiwan
- Quantitative real-time PCR services to:
- MedImmune Inc., Gaithersburg
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Florida
- Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia
- Organized and hosted the First Illumina North Central User Group Meeting, which involved five sites from Ohio, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan and Indiana.
Microarray services
Indiana University – Purdue University, Indianapolis
Institute of Genetics and Biophysi"s "Adriano Buzzati Traver"o," CNR
Sapienza University of Rome
University of Ferrara
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Saturday - 10am to 6pm
Sunday 10am to 5pm
Reasons to attend the 2015 Show
* Test Ride a Harley-Davidson Motorcycle (Weather Permitting)
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To find the Menard Sports Center, head west thru Wasilla on the Parks Highway and go past Spenard Builders Supply, go 1/4 mile further to the stoplight at Church Road and Mack Road, turn left onto Mack Road and go 1/4 mile to the Complex -- the only building on Mack Road.


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1. Encourage him.
Although a wife's appreciation is always needed, it is especially critical when the man is outside his comfort zone—which, when it comes to romance, is probably the case for half of the male population. One man was blunt:
"Encourage me and affirm my efforts, and I'll run through a brick wall to please you. But don't just assume that I know you're pleased. I'm way outside my comfort zone. I'm willing to be a fool for you, but just tell me that I did good [sic]. And give me sex. That helps too."
Remember that many men view taking romantic initiative as a huge risk—a risk of "being humiliated" or "feeling inadequate." So prove to your man that it's not a risk!
2. Entice him.
Just as men want to be encouraged, they want to be enticed. One married man relayed this interchange with a female friend who was wondering why romance sometimes dies off in marriage:
Her: "Romance is the sense that you're still being pursued."
Him: "But we caught you. Hand me the remote."
Many men have told me whether in work or in romance, they are always looking for something to conquer—something to "catch." A key element in keeping romance alive is to keep giving our romance-loving husbands something to conquer.
Keep it fresh—give him something to pursue. Go hiking with him, play golf with him. Give him space when he needs it—and intimate attention when he needs that! Make yourself the kind of friend and lover he constantly wants to pursue.
3. Tell him what you need.
Several men suggested that since they can't read your mind, it is fine to drop hints about those romantic things you'd like to do as long as they truly are hints, not directives. For example, because cuddling tends to be a little more important to us than to guys, a little patient reeducation may be in order.
One man's response to the cuddling example was, "Men can learn to enjoy a time of closeness after sex. And in this case, it is definitely in our best interest to understand why it matters so much to you!"
4. Keep him number one.
If we let too many other priorities interfere with romance, it puts a damper on the man's enthusiasm. One of the most common concerns I heard is that we may unconsciously prioritize our kids over our husband. It could sound selfish, but it's not. One man said, "It's not just the kids that steal a wife. It's the whole 'to do' list. Even helping others can get in the way." That is the cry of a man who just wants to spend more quality, romantic time with his wife. What an irony, considering that most women pine for the same thing! We have a tremendous opportunity to start over with our men, and in the process rediscover the delight of the mutual pursuit.
Shaunti Feldhahn is a bestselling author, popular public speaker, and groundbreaking researcher. This wife of attorney-entrepreneur Jeff Feldhahn and mother of two, now applies her analytical skills to illuminating those important, surprising truths that people really need to understand about each other.


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xDM Design Client Introduction
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