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South Africa: North Gauteng High Court, Pretoria
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IGNATIUS CLEMENT MIKATEKO SHIRILELE N.O..............................................2nd APPLICANT
[In their capacity as liquidators of
KIRSTEN LOTTERING SCHEEPERS INC (in liquidation)]
WOUTER RAYMOND BOUWER t/a
[1] The applicants are the joint liquidators of a company in liquidation, Kirsten Loitering Scheepers Inc ("KLS").
[2] The respondent is a creditor of KLS.
[3] The applicants, essentially, claim relief based on the provisions of section 341(2) of the previous Companies Act, Act 61 of 1973 ("the Act").
In the alternative, the applicants claim relief based on the provisions of sections 26, alternatively 29 alternatively 30 of the Insolvency Act, Act 24 of 1936 ("the Insolvency Act").
[4] Section 341(2) of the Act ("section 341(2)"), under the heading "Dispositions and shared transfers after winding-up void" reads as follows:
"(2) Every disposition of its property (including rights of action) by any company being wound-up and unable to pay its debts made after the commencement of the winding-up, shall be void unless the court otherwise orders."
[5] It is convenient to quote the contents of the amended notice of motion presented by the applicants, after relief initially sought involving the locus standi of the applicants as purported provisional liquidators was abandoned and an argument in limine advanced by the respondent in this regard was not proceeded with:
"1. That condonation be granted for the late filing of the replying affidavit (my note: this issue was not disputed before me and, inasmuch as it may be necessary, I grant such condonation).
That it be declared that the payment of R750 000,00 to the respondent
on 28 April 2009 constitutes a void disposition of the
property of
Kirsten Lottering Scheepers Inc (in liquidation), after commencement
of the winding-up in terms of the provisions of
section 341(2) of
the Companies Act, no 61 of 1973;
In the alternative to prayer 2
3. That the payment of R750 000,00 to the respondent be set aside as an impeachable disposition of the property of the insolvent estate of Kirsten Lottering Scheepers Inc (in liquidation) in terms of the provisions of section 26, alternatively section 29, alternatively section 30 of the Insolvency Act, no 24 of 1936;
4.That judgment be granted against the respondent for the amount of R750 000,00;
5. That the respondent be ordered to pay interest at the rate of 15.5% per annum on the amount of R750 000,00 from 30 April 2009 to date of payment;
6. That the respondent be ordered to pay the costs of the application."
[6] Returning to the wording of section 341(2), I am satisfied, on the evidence before me, that KLS was unable to pay its debts when it was wound up. I am also
satisfied that the payment made by KLS to the respondent on 28 April 2009 was a "disposition of its property" by KLS as intended by the wording of the subsection. Lastly, it is clear, and common cause, that the disposition was made after the commencement of the winding-up: the winding-up is deemed to have commenced, in terms of the provisions of section 348 of the Act, when the liquidation proceedings were instituted on 25 November 2008, which is well before the payment was made on 28 April 2009. I add that the provisional liquidation order was granted about a month after the payment was made, namely on 27 May 2009, and the final liquidation order was granted on 25 August 2009.
[7] The defendant opposes the application and asks for the disposition to be validated, in the sense that I must "otherwise order" in the spirit of section 341(2). Put differently, the respondent asks for my discretion in this regard to be exercised in his favour by validating the payment.
There is authority for the proposition that the onus to achieve this result is on the respondent. The author M S Blackman, in an article in The Law of South Africa 1st re-issue vol 4 part 3 para 174 says the following:
"The onus is on the person seeking to uphold the transaction to establish circumstances justifying the making of a validating order."
The learned author, in footnote 11 on p270, quotes a series of judgments from foreign jurisdictions to support his contention in this regard. I do not propose repeating those references. The author Meskin, Henochsberg on The Companies Act vol 1, 5th ed says the following on p681 when dealing with the subject of section 341(2):
"It is submitted that it is incumbent on a party seeking the validation of the disposition to establish the facts upon which he relies for such purpose."
Brief remarks about the background of the case
[8] Before its liquidation, KLS carried on the business of a company of practising attorneys. One of the directors of KLS, Cornelus Kirsten ("Kirsten") was also a shareholder of a company Malokiba Trading 19 (Pty) Ltd ("Malokiba").
[9] Malokiba conducted the business of providing bridging finance, and for this purpose borrowed money from the general public and other businesses as investors, in terms of written loan agreements, and lent this money to debtors who were in need of bridging finance.
All payments made to Malokiba in terms of the loan agreements, were paid into the trust account of KLS.
A clause in the loan agreement entered into between Malokiba and the investor stipulated clearly that the amount invested will be paid into the trust account of KLS "for the exclusive purpose of financing transfer duties and/or estate agents commission and/or bridging finance in property transactions …"
[10] It is clear from the undisputed and detailed evidence elaborated upon in a lengthy founding affidavit, that some investors deposited huge amounts into the trust account of KLS. One Maartens paid an amount of R6 million, one Segal an amount of some R3,4 million and Popular Diamond Jewellery Manufacturers (Pty) Ltd an amount of some R3 million.
Between March and July 2005 Malokiba entered into loan agreements with some hundred and fifty four members of the public and businesses and collected investments to the tune of some R188 million.
[11] Later, some satellite companies, also rejoicing in the name of Malokiba, were registered with the view to attracting more investments for the Malokiba stable. All monies paid for shares of these satellites, for such investment purposes, were also paid into the trust account of KLS. Effectively, the trust account of KLS served as the bank account of Malokiba. Later a second trust account was opened by KLS to receive, exclusively, payments involving the activities of Malokiba.
[12] It is clear that the Malokiba operations amounted to nothing less than a pyramid scheme. Eventually, the scheme led to major financial losses of the investors. Kirsten was also a director of another notorious company, Hau Wei Manufacturing. Kirsten channeled monies from the trust account of KLS to other companies of which he was a director. Ultimately, KLS was exposed to the amount of some R80 million and clearly unable to pay its debts. KLS allowed, as will appear from the aforegoing, its trust funds to be utilised for other purposes than those described in the clause in the loan agreements, to which I have referred. To this extent, KLS attracted liability towards the unsuspecting investors. KLS was also managed recklessly by its directors in that it took part in the illegal scheme of Malokiba. As a result of these unlawful activities, the trust account of KLS also showed substantial debit balances.
[13] In the end, Malokiba and its satellites were also liquidated during or about 2008, and Hau Wei Manufacturing was liquidated in October 2007.
[14] Against this background, it can be said that KLS was disgraced, insolvent and unable to pay its debts.
[15] I turn briefly to the position of the respondent, and his involvement in the case.
During 2005 KLS, together with a number of other firms of attorneys, performed legal work for the Emfuleni local municipality.
The respondent, from time to time, was instructed by KLS to prepare bills of costs relating to services rendered by KLS to this municipality ("Emfuleni").
During the second half of 2005, one H C W Scheepers ("Scheepers") who was a director of KLS and whose name also features in the KLS name, approached the respondent with the news that Emfuleni had requested the attorneys representing them to "freeze" their files for a period and to temporarily "suspend" all proceedings on cases they were working on. They had to submit a list of cases, dealing with the extent of the work done.
The agreement with Emfuleni was that if this instruction to suspend the work were to have the effect that the attorneys could not recover their fees from the debtor, Emfuleni would be liable for the fees of the attorneys including those of KLS on an attorney and own client scale.
Pursuant to this arrangement, Scheepers instructed the respondent to draft the necessary bills of cost and it was agreed that the respondent would be entitled to fees calculated on the basis of 10% of the bill as drafting fees and a further 10% of the bill as taxation fees, namely 20% of the total of fees taxed and allowed. The respondent would share the risk of payment with KLS and would only be paid on the aforesaid basis once KLS received the money from Emfuleni.
On the strength of this arrangement, the respondent went ahead and drafted numerous bills of costs and also attended to the taxation thereof. This happened between the second half of 2005 and the beginning of 2006.
The total amount of fees taxed and allowed and which became due and payable by Emfuleni to KLS, came to some R7,5 million with interest and the respondent's agreed percentage of those fees came to Rl 378 179,00. Already on 24 August 2006 the respondent sent an account for this amount to KLS. KLS failed and/or refused to pay.
[16] During April 2009, and only about one month before the provisional liquidation order was granted, Scheepers contacted the respondent and offered to pay him an amount of R750 000,00 in full and final settlement of his claim. Scheepers pointed out that this offer was made due to the fact that Emfuleni had not paid KLS but only offered an amount of R4 million to KLS in settlement of its claim of some R7,5 million. It is obvious that already at this stage Scheepers would have been well aware of the fact that liquidation of KLS was imminent, the application already having been instituted in November 2008.
[17] The respondent accepted the offer and on 28 April 2009 he received the payment ofR750 000,00 from KLS.
[18] The respondent alleges in his opposing affidavit that neither he nor any person in his employ was aware, at any relevant time, of the winding-up of KLS. Where this statement is not contested in the replying affidavit, I must accept it to be correct.
[19] In the opposing affidavit, the respondent also alleges that the demands for payment against KLS and the recovery of the amount due to the respondent, including the settlement amount, was done in the normal course of business "of the respondent and the recovery of fees due to it".
The real question, as I understand it, is whether the disposition was made in the normal course of the business of the company which is being wound up. I am not persuaded that this is what happened when Scheepers paid the money to the respondent. As will be pointed out later, KLS, when receiving the R4 million, immediately set about paying certain creditors, including the respondent. This happened when the granting of the provisional liquidation order was around the corner, and when the winding-up had already been commenced with some five months earlier, in November 2008. By the time the payment was made to the respondent in April 2009, the collapse of the Malokiba pyramid scheme would already have been common knowledge. Malokiba and its satellites were already liquidated in the middle of 2008 and Hau Wei Manufacturing was liquidated in October 2007. A judgment was already granted against Kirsten in June 2008 in the sum of some R2,3 million in favour of the liquidators of Hau Wei of which Kirsten was a director.
Under these circumstances, it can hardly be said that the dissipation of the R4 million by making payments to a number of selected creditors, including the respondent and, for example, the wife of Scheepers, shortly before the liquidation order was granted, represented payments made by KLS in the normal course of its business.
[20] So much for the background of the case. I turn to briefly consider what happened to the R4 million ("the R4 million") once it was received on 28 April 2009 by KLS from Emfuleni.
The destiny of the R4 million
[21] After the provisional liquidation of KLS, the liquidators appointed one Steven Robinson ("Robinson") to take charge of the assets of KLS and to report back. His preliminary auditory report is annexure "DMB14" to the founding affidavit ("DMB14").
[22] It appears from "DMB14" and annexures thereto that the R4 million was initially deposited into the trust account of KLS. An amount of Rl,38 million was then disbursed over the next few days to a few selected creditors including the respondent, AdvLeeuwner (counsel representing KLS in the dispute with Emfuleni and who knew about the winding-up proceedings that were pending), De Bruin & Vennote (a firm of attorneys also involved in the litigation which was aware of the pending winding-up proceedings) and two of the companies involved in the pyramid scheme in which Kirsten, amongst others, had an interest. I add that the present applicants also instituted proceedings in terms of section 341(2) against Leeuwner and De Bruin & Vennote and two of my colleagues in this division upheld both those applications. Adv Leeuwner applied to the Supreme Court of Appeal for leave to appeal and, in an order dated 1 March 2012, the application for leave to appeal was dismissed with the two learned Judges of Appeal making the following order:
"The application for leave to appeal is dismissed with costs.
Reasons for dismissal of application:
Dismissal of an application for leave to appeal signifies that this court is of the view that the intended appeal has no reasonable prospects of success and that there is no other compelling reason why it should be heard. This court therefore, in general terms, concurs with the reasoning set out in the judgment of the court below."
I realise that this is not a judgment which is binding on me but, nevertheless, it is an order which I cannot ignore. As far as I can make out, De Bruin & Vennote did not prosecute an appeal.
[23] The balance of some R2,64 million was transferred from the KLS trust account to the KLS business account and, according to Robinson, "paid out mainly to connected parties (other than the Absa overdraft of R500 000,00 and an amount to Standard BankofR261 000,00) ..."
Included amongst the "connected parties" were one of the Malokiba companies in which Kirsten, Lottering and Scheepers were shareholders, another Malokiba company, Scheepers himself, Lottering himself and Ms Scheepers. Most of these recipients were clearly not secured or preferent creditors.
[24] It is clear that all these payments were made with a view to preferring a list of selected creditors (including the respondent) to the detriment of the rest of the body of creditors of KLS.
[25] There was an argument advanced on behalf of the respondent that the disbursements made from the trust account (including the one to the respondent) were not paid from the own funds of KLS but disbursed from the trust account to a number of creditors, including the respondent. The argument, if I understood it correctly, was that this was not a disposition "of its own property" by KLS as intended by the provisions of section 341(2). I cannot agree with this submission. It is clear that the R4 million, when it was paid, became the property of KLS. It was not deposited in the trust account in the normal sense namely on the basis that it belonged to clients of KLS and was only kept in trust for that purpose.
Brief remarks about the legal position
[26] For the sake of brevity, I will deal with extracts from what is stated on this subject of section 341(2) by Meskin, Henochsberg on The Companies Act vol 1, 5th ed, supra, ("Henochsberg") as well as the discussion on the same subject in Commentary on the Companies Act by M S Blackmail and five other authors, vol 3 ("Blackman et al").
The remarks made by these learned authors are generally supported by them referring in footnotes to the relevant authorities, including a number of cases reported in foreign jurisdictions. I do not propose repeating those references.
There will also be brief references to three South African judgments often referred to in these applications involving section 341(2) and also relied upon by the authors aforementioned. The cases are the following:
Herrigel NO v Bon Roads Construction Co (Pty) Ltd & Another 1980 4 SA 669 (SWA) CHerrigel")
Rousseau en Andere v Malan en fn Ander 1989 2 SA 451 (CPD) ^Rousseau") and Lane NO v Olivier Transport 1997 1 SA 383 (CPD) ("Lane").
[27] As far as Henochsberg is concerned, the discussion is to be found at pp676-681 of the work by the learned authors. They point out that the court's discretion to validate such a disposition, or to decline to do so,
"is controlled only by the general principles which apply to every kind of judicial discretion: the court must decide what would be just and fair in the circumstances of the case, bearing in mind the purpose of the subsection." The purpose of section 341(2) is said "to ensure that the property of a company threatened with winding-up is not improperly dissipated prior to the
commencement of the winding-up ... and is available for satisfaction of the claims of its creditors on a footing of equality of treatment subject only to any security or preference which any of them may enjoy under the Insolvency Act". {Herrigel at 678 and Lane at 385.)
The learned authors in Henochsberg suggest that a disposition valid when effected and only retrospectively invalidated by virtue of the operation of the provisions of section 348 ordinarily will be validated by the court "... if it amounts to no more than the result of the bona fide carrying on of the company's operations in the ordinary course". I have already concluded that this was not the case in the present matter and that the payment to the respondent was not made "in the ordinary course" of the business of KLS. The learned authors suggest that the court will ordinarily refuse to validate a disposition where it was made eg with the object of securing an advantage to a particular creditor in the winding-up which otherwise he would not have enjoyed or with the intention of giving a particular creditor a preference. In Herrigel the court refused to validate the disposition notwithstanding that the recipient thereof was bona fide but the result was that such recipient had in fact been preferred above other creditors - see Herrigel at 679-680. In the present case, I have come to the conclusion, as illustrated when dealing with the destiny of the R4 million, that those selected creditors (including the respondent) were paid with the object of securing an advantage for them which they otherwise would not have enjoyed and in the process the general body of creditors was prejudiced.
The learned authors also point out that the discretion which a court has to validate or not to validate is to be exercised in the light of certain guidelines crystalised in authorities quoted by these authors: firstly, the basic premise is that in a winding-up all unsecured creditors should be paid pari passu (which, for the reasons mentioned, did not happen in the present case). Secondly, it is not normally right to validate a payment, the effect of which is to pay in full a single unsecured creditor, unless the payment formed a necessary part of a transaction which as a whole was beneficial to the general body of unsecured creditors. For the reasons mentioned, this did not happen in the present case. Thirdly, payments made in good faith and at the time when the parties were unaware that (proceedings for winding-up had been instituted) will generally be validated where they relate to the company's need to continue business and earn income (or save loss) during the pendency of such proceedings, but not payments, even though they are made honestly, which were mere reductions of pre-existing debts without any conceivable countervailing benefits to the company. In the present case, the payments were clearly not made honestly by Scheepers. He knew exactly what the position was and there was no longer any question of KLS continuing business in the normal fashion by the time the disposition was made to the respondent. Fourthly relatively little weight should be attached to the hardship which will be suffered by the recipient of the payment if the payment is not validated, the purpose of the subsection being to minimise hardship to the body of creditors generally. In this case, the respondent, regrettably, will suffer a great deal of hardship if he is ordered to repay the monies honestly earned a number of years ago through hard work but, unfortunately, and for the reasons mentioned, the disposition made to the respondent could not have served "to minimise hardship to the body of creditors generally". There are two other guidelines offered by the learned authors which do not appear to me to be relevant for present purposes.
[28] The discussion by the authors Blackman et al9 supra, is to be found at pp 14-46 to 14-61 of the work. Generally, the approach of these learned authors is in harmony with what is to be found in Henochsberg. I do not propose embarking upon unnecessary repetition.
At 14-59, the authors state:
"Knowledge at the time of the transaction by anyone of the parties that an application for the winding-up has been presented and that a winding-up order may be made (my note: of course, in this case at least Scheepers clearly knew what was going on) is not fatal to the success of an application for validation of a transaction otherwise rendered void by the section. However, where, in the case of a creditor's application, there were doubts as to the company's solvency, the court in the exercise of its discretion will not sanction a disposition unless it is satisfied on affirmative evidence that the transaction is or was beneficial to the company. In this situation, the court would regard a fairly heavy onus in relation to evidence as falling on persons seeking to justify a disposition not in the ordinary course of business."
For the reasons mentioned, the respondent, in this case, did not offer any evidence to this effect and did not discharge the onus referred to: the disposition was not made in the ordinary course of business, and it also did not redound to the general benefit of the body of creditors. Indeed, it amounted to the respondent being preferred to other concurrent creditors.
In this regard, Mr Davis offered submissions to the effect, if I understood him correctly, that if the debts flowing from the Malokiba pyramid scheme were to be ignored, the disposition did not amount to an unfair advantage over "normal" creditors as Mr Davis put it. I fail to see how the Malokiba creditors looking to KLS for compensation because of the losses they suffered, for the reasons already explained, can be ignored for purposes of assessing the merits of this particular dispute. Moreover, evidence in support of the submission made by Mr Davis is not to be found in the opposing affidavit so that the onus, in that regard, has also not been discharged.
Although each case must be treated on its own facts, it ought to be observed that in Herrigel, Rousseau and Lane the recipient of the disposition was ordered to repay the amount. I make this observation because section 341(2) does not provide for recovery of the property or money. It merely renders the disposition void, and gives the court a discretionary power to order otherwise, ie to validate the disposition, as pointed out by Blackman et al at 14-51. The learned authors go on to state:
"Thus, the appropriate remedy in respect of the invalidated disposition is a matter not regulated by the section and has to be determined by the general law."
Recognising this, the learned judge in Herrigel, at 685B-D, nevertheless came to
the conclusion that:
"An order to repay the amount of a void disposition is a necessary and practical adjunct to a factual finding that such disposition is void."
These remarks may well be debatable, but, for present purposes, I am not
prepared to find that the order for repayment is clearly wrong.
[30] In view of the aforegoing, and while recognising the hardship an adverse finding for the respondent will visit upon him, I have come to the conclusion that the application must succeed. Under these circumstances I also consider it unnecessary to deal with the arguments offered in respect of the provisions of sections 26, 29 and 30 of the Insolvency Act.
[31] I was not urged on behalf of the applicant to award the costs of two counsel, although such an order may well be justified. However, it seems to me that the costs flowing from the employment of senior counsel ought to be allowed.
The order
[32] I make the following order:
1. It is declared that the payment of R750 000,00 to the respondent on 28 April 2009 constitutes a void disposition of the property of Kirsten Lottering Scheepers Inc (in liquidation), after commencement of the winding-up as intended by the provisions of section 341(2) of the Companies Act, Act 61 of 1973.
2. Judgment is granted against the respondent for payment of the amount of R750 000,00.
3.The respondent is ordered to pay interest on the aforesaid amount at the rate of 15,5% per annum calculated from 30 April 2009 to date of payment.
4. The respondent is ordered to pay the costs of this application including the costs flowing from the employment of senior counsel.


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See also: Enough With the Pork, Miami: Here's a Case for Vegetables
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This was the best information. Thank you
Um ... there was no electric in homes in 1816. You are absolutely DAFT. Try 1916.
It was in the 1880s that electricity was in homes in the US.
Other Answers
In london Ky. My Grand parents got it in 1953
no1 cares tat ur parents got it in 1953 or what ever year!!!
your a fag bud
Shut up troll. It's actually interesting to find out that in some places in the U.S., some people didn't get electricity until as late as the fifties. I would have thought that most everyone had it by the time that the thirties rolled around.
yea, you first anonymous is a mean kid!
wow shut the fuck up noobs Only rich bitches like you guys could afford it that early
hahahahahahaha i agree! but hahaha don't be so mean xP but seriously, its funny :D
I found it quite interesting that someone's grandparents didn't have electricity until 1953; my mum recalls having electricity for the 1st time in either 1942 or 1943 in her parent's house, in London, England.
2000 years a go
"When did homes start using electric light?"... well not that I know. But one thing I do know is: several million homes will still not use electric light till 2030. Mostly these homes will be found in Africa and South America. This is a challenge for the leaders of these parts of the world!
very true you should think how special you are to have a Computer. People there dont even have light bulbs.
yes i agree!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! also i think its rude to say stuff like that about peoples grandparents and such. Insult your own family all you like, but not someone elses.


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Rachel Herrington is responsible for the day-to-day operations of Luther Ridge Retirement Community. With a focused emphasis on resident satisfaction, she leads a team of key department managers in implementing the operational goals and programs for the community. She is also responsible for the development of a community operational plan that includes aligned efforts to achieve the system-wide strategic initiatives. Ms. Herrington works with the Vice President of Senior Living to establish budget and occupancy goals for each level of resident living at the community. Regulatory compliance and the delivery of quality, resident-centered care are under Ms. Herrington's scope of responsibilities.
2998 Luther Drive, Chambersburg, PA 17202 firstname.lastname@example.com 717.264.5700 (phone) 717.267.0507 (fax)
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You are here: Main / Customer Services / Public Communications Division / 2013 / 03/15/13 Kuhio Day Holiday Schedule | ||||
KUHIO DAY (Fri., March 15, 2013) −City government offices will be closed on Tuesday, March 26, in observance of Prince Kuhio Kalanianaole Day, a state holiday. À Emergency ambulance, fire, lifeguard and police services will be available. À Refuse will be collected. The landfills and transfer stations will be open. À Municipal golf courses, botanical gardens and the Honolulu Zoo will be open. À City buses will operate on a state holiday schedule. (For route and schedule information, go to www.thebus.org ) À The PeopleÆs Open Markets will not be held À The À All Satellite City Halls and Driver Licensing Offices will be closed. À Traffic lanes will not be coned. -30- |


text: Police: News anchor arrested after domestic incident with news anchor wifeBy Dominique Debucquoy-Dodley, CNNUpdated 8:46 PM ET, Tue February 19, 2013Just WatchedNews anchor: 'I did not choke my wife'replayMore Videos ...News anchor: 'I did not choke my wife' 00:43Story highlightsWCBS news anchor Rob Morrison was arrested at his Connecticut home, police sayHe is accused of choking his wife, Ashley Morrison of CBS MoneyWatchAn attorney for the couple says "the allegations have been greatly exaggerated" WCBS news anchor Rob Morrison is facing charges of allegedly choking his wife, CBS MoneyWatch anchor Ashley Morrison, according to Connecticut authorities.Rob Morrison was taken into custody early Sunday at the couple's Darien home when police responded to a "domestic violence incident" called in by Ashley Morrison's mother, according to a statement from the Darien Police Department.He was arrested and accused of choking his wife with both hands after becoming "increasingly belligerent...during the course of the evening," the statement said.Officers observed red marks on Ashley Morrison's neck, but she did not request medical treatment, according to the police department release.While being processed, Rob Morrison made verbal threats to further harm his wife, according to the police statement. In a joint statement released Monday, the couple's attorney, Robert Skovgaard, said, "Rob and Ashley Morrison are cooperating fully with the authorities to insure that all of the information necessary to properly evaluate this unfortunate incident is made available.""The Morrisons are confident that a full review of this matter will show that the allegations have been greatly exaggerated." WCBS spokeswoman Rachel Ferguson said because this is a personal matter, the station is declining to comment.Morrison is scheduled to be in court Tuesday on charges of second-degree strangulation, second-degree threatening and disorderly conduct. More from usBen Carson apologizes for comments on gay peopleVirginia teen accused of being ISIS recruiter'Everybody was screaming for help': Marathon bombing survivors testifyPowered by Livefyre


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Unprestigous Ed. background -> M/B/B. How will I be treated/viewed?
COLong story semi-short:
Attended a semi-target for undergrad during the late 90's internet boom. Got hooked on tech early after a sophmore year internship. Started my own successful internet business while a junior (raised high six figures in angel funding). Nearly failed out of school senior year because I was never there. I was too busy running the business. Dot-com bubble burst. Successful company went bust. Graduated a year late with crappy grades.
Fast foward six years and I applied to business school with a high GMAT/low GPA combo (including a couple F's) and scattered job experience at a bunch of no-name start-ups. Struck out with most b-school apps, but snuck into a school at the bottom of the top-20. Worked my @ss of in b-school, interned at one of M/B/B. Graduating in May and headed back to one of M/B/B in the fall.
During my internship, I was very conscious of the fact that I was pretty much the only person in my "class" without an undergrad degree and/or MBA from one of H/Y/P/Dart/Stanford/MIT/Amherst/William/Swat. Is there anyone here who has worked at a prestigious consulting firm who can tell me if I will be treated differently or viewed as an outsider because of my less prestigious background? How do you feel about people with backgrounds such as mine? Do you respect someone who clawed there way in from the outside or do you suspect that they are just not as capable as you and your more pedigreed peers?
I think that's mostly up to you
HFIf you perform well, nobody will care. If you're at the bottom of your class, some might be tempted to say 'look at this kid's background, this isn't surprising.' What you do at work will always trump what you did at school.
people will judge you
HFpeople will judge you primarily by how good of a worker you are. when you're at one of these firms, you realize really quickly that there are some people with extremely prestigious degrees who are literally dumb as rocks. others who aren't as dumb, but still people you don't want to be working with, because they've got their heads shoved so far up their asses they can't see daylight.
and then there are some with "bad" degrees who are extremely bright; and others with poor degrees whom you suspect only got there cuz of connections.
if you're hard to work with and not bright/capable of doing a good job, your degree will compound the issue. if, on the other hand, you aren't...nobody will care.
that being said, you'll still probably feel a bit of a chip on your shoulder. i definitely noticed it from some colleagues with your kind of background; but hey, everybody has their issues. i think it was mostly in their head, not in everybody else's.
the one caveat i would make is that i don't know how this changes your ability to rise to partner though, since that is mostly sales and convincing your clients to pay you 300k to do 3 weeks of work. at that level, having an impressive degree would help, i suspect, but i don't know.


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Offering a refined yet causal atmosphere, The Wildcatter Saloon is the perfect place to meet up with friends or to make new ones. Whether it's enjoying live music every weekend, attending an event in the Wildcatter Park, or just grabbing a drink, The Wildcatter's friendly staff looks forward to seeing you down at the saloon.
The Wildcatter Saloon, as seen on Spike TV's Bar Rescue.


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/ Section B - The communion we share
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The Windsor Report 2004
The communion we share
The communion we enjoy as Anglicans involves a sharing in double 'bonds of affection': those that flow from our shared status as children of God in Christ, and those that arise from our shared and inherited identity, which is the particular history of the churches to which we belong. This is a relationship of 'covenantal affection'; that is, our mutual affection is not subject to whim and mood, but involves us in a covenant relation of binding mutual promises, with God in Christ and with one another. All those called by the gospel of Jesus Christ and set apart by God's gift of baptism are incorporated into the communion of the Body of Christ. This communion is primarily a relationship with God, who is himself a communion of Father, Son and Holy Spirit, and it binds every member of Christ into the whole body
Our communion enables us, in mutual interdependence, to engage in our primary task, which is to take forward God's mission to his needy and much-loved world. As a means to that end, it is also necessarily the expression of the worldwide, i.e. 'catholic', nature of the Church. In both these respects, communion remains God's gift as well as God's command.
When "the Anglican Communion" describes itself as such, it is self-consciously describing that part of the Body of Christ which shares an inheritance through the Anglican tradition, that is, from the Church of England, whose history encompasses the ancient Celtic and Saxon churches of the British Isles, and which was given fresh theological expression during the period of the Reformation in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Reformers of that time looked back explicitly to the Bible and the early Fathers, and had every intention that their theology would be 'catholic' in the sense of sharing the faith of the universal Church. The very fact that the family of churches which traces its roots back to the ancient churches of the British Isles should call itself an Anglican Communion is itself indicative of the twin fundamental concepts on which the community is built: our shared inheritance ('Anglican') and our worldwide fellowship as God's children ('communion'). That shared inheritance has itself included a developing understanding of communion, which has been expressed, for instance, in some of our ecumenical dialogues. It also makes us aware of a responsibility, not only to our contemporaries within the Communion, but to those with whom we share in the Communion of Saints.
Various different but interlocking descriptions of the Anglican Communion exist amongst us. The Lambeth Conference has described the Anglican Communion as a fellowship of churches in communion with the See of Canterbury
. Individual provinces express their own communion relationships in a variety of juridical forms, as: bipartite (in communion with Canterbury)
; multipartite (in communion with all Anglican churches)
; or simply through the idea of "belonging to the Anglican Communion"
. Communion is therefore a relationship between churches (institutional or ecclesial communion) as well as between individual Christians (personal communion).
Communion is, in fact, all about mutual relationships. It is expressed by community, equality, common life, sharing, interdependence, and mutual affection and respect. It subsists in visible unity, common confession of the apostolic faith, common belief in scripture and the creeds, common baptism and shared eucharist, and a mutually recognised common ministry. Communion means that each church recognises that the other belongs to the One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church of Jesus Christ, and shares in the mission of the whole people of God. It involves practising a common liturgical tradition, and intending to listen, speak and act alongside one another in obedience to the gospel. In communion, each church acknowledges and respects the interdependence and autonomy of the other, putting the needs of the global fellowship before its own. Through such communion, each church is enabled to find completeness through its relations to the others, while fulfilling its own particular calling within its own cultural context. This does not mean, of course, that each church must accept every theological opinion, or follow every sacramental devotion or liturgical practice, characteristic of the other. Such a distinction, between the essentials in which we agree and the non-essentials which do not inhibit communion, is a vital part of life within the Anglican Communion, and is explored further elsewhere
When people use the normally imprecise language of 'impaired', 'fractured', or 'restricted' communion, or speak of there being 'degrees' of communion between one church or group of churches and another, they commonly mean that only some of the characteristics outlined in the previous paragraph now obtain. Communion is now "less full than it was"
. Which characteristics are affected (perhaps a failure in complete mutual recognition of ministries, as has happened since the ordination of women to the priesthood and their consecration to the episcopate) will vary from case to case, contributing to the confusing nature of such terms
. Such a condition of impairment is not merely sad, and detrimental to our common mission and witness. It could in principle call into question the constitutional position of several member churches of the Anglican Communion, since many, as we have just seen, mark out their identity in terms precisely of being in full communion either with Canterbury or with all other churches in communion with Canterbury. But there has been little consensus within the Anglican Communion on how precisely to identify, beyond a bare assertion, that such impairment, fracturing, and so forth, has taken place, let alone how such a situation might be remedied
Communion clearly makes demands on all within it. It involves obligations, and corresponding rights, which flow from the theological truths on which the life of the Christian community rests. The Lambeth Quadrilateral commits Anglicans to "a series of normative practices: scripture is
, tradition is
, sacramental worship is
, and the historic character of apostolic leadership is
. The commitments of communion provide objective criteria by which to understand the rights and responsibilities that go with the relationship and which promote and protect the common good of the worldwide community of churches. Many obligations are implicit in the foundation, purposes, forms, subjects and substance of communion, and thus relate to matters of critical common concern to the global Anglican fellowship. For instance, the divine foundation of communion should oblige each church to avoid unilateral action on contentious issues which may result in broken communion. It is an ancient canonical principle that what touches all should be decided by all. The relational nature of communion requires each church to learn more fully what it means to be part of that communion, so that its members may be fulfilled and strengthened in and through their relations with other churches. Communion obliges each church to foster, respect and maintain all those marks of common identity, and all those instruments of unity and communion, which it shares with fellow churches, seeking a common mind in essential matters of common concern: in short, to act interdependently, not independently.
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text: I have a lab chow mix. He has all the signs. He will start pacing in a circle from the kitchen into the living room back to the kitchen. Then he starts shaking really bad. When I walk him, he goes to the bathroom while walking. Both number 1 and 2. There are days where he will just stare at floor and not move for hours. I am really thinking about having him put down. He has had 17 long happy years and I hate seeing him suffer this way.


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Horrid day today. I got the internet in my apartment finally. Well I stayed up way late doing absolutely nothing worthwhile. I think I had to do it simply because I could. I mean that could have been time spent playing War Craft 3 or something worth while. But no I had to go check out� I don�t even remember it was that dumb. Why? WHY?
When I did finally have to get up for school it was a super bitch, like more so than usual. I went to class and the air conditioning broke. Well it�s a computer class. Do you have any idea how hot a class room with over a hundred computers gets? I couldn�t concentrate on a dang thing. I take that back I was concentrating my best to either not pass out or puke. It was that hot. So that class was wasted, I assumed I could just read the chapter and make it up. Blah, that lasted six to nine seconds.
The next class we had a report due that I just completely forgot. Completely. I�m still in shock we even had one, I vaguely remember it being assigned but I still have my doubts it ever existed. So anyhow I worked my butt off and wrote a quickie crappy paper and handed it in latter in the day. The teacher loves me for some reason so it was alright by him.
Than my last class of the day I went to the wrong class room. I know it�s like three weeks into college and I went to the wrong class room. In my defense we go to a different class room on Tuesday than Thursday. So woo, I went to Thursdays... So I get to class late so I�m in the front row. This class SUCKS. I never listen but since I was front and center when ever he asked a question I couldn�t help but feel like he was talking to me so I responded to everything. It was creepy. In the bad way.
Well I�m through complaining I guess. Wait no. I was working on three different comics today. Well I got one of them done and than another semi done. Well about an hour ago I realized� I don�t have today�s comic done! So I work on it as fast as humanly possible. It might show but meh. By the way if you noticed yesterday�s War Craft 3 comic had my first redrawn background. I liked it. Now if I would just finish the other backgrounds. Some day.
Prozzak/Simon and Milo cracks me up. I can�t get enough of em. Best Techno band ever.
The highlight of my day, and it was quite the highlight, was Ryan. I met him awhile back. He is actually good friends with the drummer of Good Charlotte. Not that that matters, but anyhow Ryan made me laugh almost to the point of tears. Then Kyle finished me off, I was easy crying I was laughing so hard.
I noticed that my link to the NPT cameo comic was broken yesterday. It wasn�t my fault honestly. It appears that the Microsoft Word quotation marks �� aren�t http compatible. Microsoft can you possibly do a worse job? Anyhow I fixed them by typing the �� in Notepad instead. You can go to the Other section and get the link straight to NPT�s Cameo.
That was quite the rant for thinking I had nothing to say. I guess I can whine with the best of them.
Worst Driver Ever,
Coolest thing ever. No Pants Tuesday has a cameo appearance of Dave on their comic. Go check it out. I�ll have it permanently linked to in the Other Section. It came as a total surprise to me. I was just reading NPT like usual and than �hey, isn�t that Dave? It is Dave.� Best day of my life. Well besides the one time it was a better day.
As you can probably see I�ve gone to a whole new level of vote whore. Well it had to be done. I was in the top ten on Top Web Comics yesterday. What shocked me the most was I didn�t even vote. I forgot it was the first of the month. I forgot to rant last Friday and tell people to vote. So when I got an e-mail from a friend with a snap shot of Snafu in the top ten I was totally shocked. I went to Top Web Comics immediately and sure enough I was in 7th place. I�ve since dropped out of the top ten but I�m thinking I want to be back in� or at least close. So thus the vote whoring begins. I have a few different �vote for Snafu� banners that should come up randomly so regardless if you vote or not the banners should be amusing. In theory. Vote bitches.
It�s my football player roommate�s birthday today. I did the right thing and got him a pair of fatty panties and a self made card telling him that he should spend some time with his mama on his birthday. If I actually told any of my roommates I have a web page I would say Happy Birthday around now, but since I haven�t and I doubt it will come up, I won�t.
Two new links today, Sea Strife and Twisted by Design. Both sites linked to me without a single word to me about it. Through the magic of site statistics I found out about the linking. The sneaky people thought they could get away with linking to me without me linking to them. Well that shows them.


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Donate to Costa Rica
Associate For Development & Congregational Growth, Costa Rica
Rev. Stacey Steck, a long-term volunteer, is filling this position, serving at the invitation of the Costa Rican Presbyterian Church (IEPC, or Iglesia Evangelica Presbiteriana Costarricense), focusing on leadership development, strategic planning, and stewardship. He will also assist visiting mission teams and serve as half-time pastor of the Escazú Christian Fellowship, an English-speaking congregation in San José, Costa Rica's capital city.
E200428. Read moreEnhancing The Latin American Biblical University Library Services
The Harry Strachan Library supports the educational process of many students in extension programs throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. This project furnishes funds for the infrastructure of the library, cataloging and computer automation and staff salaries.
E862565. Read moreLatin American Biblical University Programs
UBL offers students the opportunity to obtain a university degree as well as a theological education. The UBL, previously the SBL, seeks to combine the best resources and methods of residential and extension education. This project supports the many efforts of the UBL in its extension courses throughout Latin America and the Caribbean.
E865533. Read morePresbyterian Church Of Costa Rica (IEPC)
The Presbyterian Church of Costa Rica (IEPC) is a small denomination in Costa Rica with whom the PC(USA) has been in partnership for some 25 years. Funds are for Christian education, evangelism, pastor training and general programming.
E048001. Read moreProfessor Of Bible & Coordinator Of Publications, Costa Rica
Elisabeth Cook teaches Old Testament and biblical interpretation courses at the Latin American Biblical University (UBL) main campus in San Jose and occasionally at UBL's centers in Venezuela, Peru, or other countries in Latin America. Born in Guatemala, Elisabeth is the daughter of two missionaries and the granddaughter of others. She has spent most of her life in Latin America. "My concern has always been how, as a Christian, to respond to the injustice of poverty and exclusion in Latin America," she writes. "Working at the university is a way to contribute to the transformation of people, churches, and ...
E200328. Read more


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In celebrating innovation in local government, the 2011 ALGIM conference shows that while innovating is a real struggle, it is hard work, the spirit of collaboration, and the technology of the web that are its ingredients.
Every year, IT managers and their technical staff representing New Zealand's 80 councils meet. ALGIM, who has run the event for 31 years, provides three full days of presentations, food, and plenty of time for talk. But most importantly, the event encourages and celebrates innovation through showcases and awards. Given the IT department of a council is typically seen as the slow moving cog in an organisation that is already slow to move with the times, some healthy encouragement to take calculated risks and innovate is crucial.
Councils exist to democratically serve their communities and make them wonderful places to visit, live, and work. This costs money, which is in direct tension with rates increases and, is made harder by an economic and political climate pushing cost cutting. (Nelson City Council Chief Executive Keith Marshall expresses this tension clearly in his video presentation about leadership and the challenges coming soon to local government.) It's very refreshing therefore to see at ALGIM sessions how IT, and in particular the web, can actually be the example and inspiration for councils to transform. For example:
- Windor city, Canada, is the automobile sister city of Detroit, USA. Zero revenue growth for Windsor city council over ten years is a much harsher economic reality than any New Zealand counterpart faces, and yet, their Executive Director of IT Harry Turnbell explained very clearly how they managed to keep their IT systems modern, including moving their website from brochure towards being a virtual branch open 24 hours.
- InternetNZ Chief Executive Vikram Kumar explained (see video) how councils, the public, and social media can co-exist before, during, and after natural disasters affect cities. This is more than just a case of citizens having a desire to use Twitter and Facebook: social media tools cost effectively nothing, are substantially robust, create considerable goodwill, and deliver a valuable social service. These are all benefits to councils (which is also to say, their communities) so long as councils overcome challenges to do with loss of control over communication and having the resources and will to participate in realtime public conversations.
- Dale Hartle, Porirua City Council website manager, won an ALGIM award for putting just as much thought into creating a useful new tool, called updates.co.nz as she did on ensuring other councils could pick it up and use it for their own regions. (Please do!)
Making the web useful to citizens is overall an expensive endeavor for councils, but efforts towards collaboration that Porirua City Council have started are right to be applauded - as is using inexpensive web tools and taking advantage of open source: these approaches are currently considered innovative but should be considered normal. This is the only way councils will be able to deliver a better service under increasing financial pressure.
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It's the most magical vacation destination in the world. The Walt Disney World Resort is the place where worries and cares disappear, fantasy and fun reign supreme and dreams come true every day. Four Theme Parks (Magic Kingdom Park, Epcot, Disney's Hollywood Studios and Disney's Animal Kingdom Theme Park), two Water Parks, over 20 themed Resort Hotels, two entertainment districts, and a state-of-the-art sports complex immerse you in a world filled with exhilarating excitement, fantastical thrills and whimsical wonder. Add in countless opportunities for dining, shopping and refreshing recreation, and it's easy to see how this vacation of a lifetime has enough smiles for everyone.
Magic Your Way Tickets give you ultimate flexibility. Want to go to just one Theme Park per day? You can do it. Want to go back and forth from Park to Park on the same day? No problem. Want to experience other attractions like the Water Parks, Downtown Disney, DisneyQuest Indoor Interactive Theme Park, Disney's Oak Trail Golf Course*, or ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex? You can do it all.
First, decide how many days you want to visit. You can buy the Magic Your Way Base Ticket for 3-10 days. It gives you admission to one Theme Park per day. And each day, you choose which one of the four Walt Disney World Theme Parks you want to enjoy. Then add options for more fun!
Want to enjoy more than one Theme Park per day? Add the Park Hopper Option. With so much to see and do, you'll love the ability to come and go as you please through all four Walt Disney World Theme Parks on the same day for each day of your ticket.
***Please note: Child passes can not be sold individually and must be sold in conjuction with an Adult pass
Magic Your Way Tickets with Park Hopper Option - Visit more than one Theme Park on the same day for each day of your ticket.
Magic Your Way Tickets with Water Park Fun & More Option - Enjoy a certain number of visits, based on the length of ticket purchased, to your choice of Disney's Typhoon Lagoon Water Park1, Disney's Blizzard Beach Water Park1, DisneyQuest Indoor Interactive Theme Park, and more
Save even more when you bundle the Park Hopper and the Water Park Fun & More Options
Option prices are per person. All tickets and options are nontransferable. Theme Park admission and options must be used within 14 days of first use. Number of Water Park Fun & More visits varies based on number of days of ticket. Certain age restrictions may apply for access to certain facilities. Excludes activities/events that are separately priced. 1Water Parks subject to rehabilitation, seasonal and weather closures. Age restrictions may apply for access to certain facilities. 2Tee times required and subject to availability. 3Valid only on event days. Some events require an additional admission charge. There are no events on certain days. Days and hours of operation of concessions, venues and attractions varies. 4Valid on days PlayStation® Pavilion is operating. 5Valid for one round. Only one miniature golf course visit per day. As to Disney artwork, logos and properties: ©Disney.


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Authorization Forms for Transport of Prohibited Invasive Species and Aquatic Plants
The DNR has several authorization forms to allow boat owners and shoreland owners to transport prohibited invasive species, such as zebra mussels, and aquatic plants in these situations:
- Transport of boat lifts, docks, swim rafts and related equipment with prohibited invasive species attached to a repair or storage location and removal of the prohibited invasive species.
Authorization form - equipment
- Transport of watercraft with prohibited invasive species attached to a repair or storage location and removal of the prohibited invasive species.
Authorization form - watercraft
- Transport of aquatic plants or aquatic plants with prohibited invasive species attached to a disposal location.
Authorization form - aquatic plants
- Transport of construction-related equipment – with zebra mussels or other prohibited invasive species attached – to a maintenance, storage, or disposal facility for removal and disposal of the invasive species.
Authorization form – construction equipment
Authorization forms are not permits and it is not necessary to apply to the DNR to use them.
To use forms, you must:
- Download the appropriate form above
- Print the form
- Fill in the required information and sign the form
- Carry it during transport
These forms are a one-way pass to allow either the transport of prohibited species attached to boats or water-related equipment to a location where the prohibited invasive species must be removed, or to transport aquatic plants to a disposal location. Boats and equipment must have visible prohibited species removed before any subsequent transport to another location or back to the water body where the watercraft or equipment originated.


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What does CFMA mean in Electronics?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand CFMA in the Academic & Science field in general and in the Electronics terminology in particular.
Find a translation for CFMA in other languages:
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Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
"CFMA." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2015. Web. 3 Mar. 2015. <http://www.abbreviations.com/term/371525>.
CFMA also stands for:
- Cajun French Music Association
- California Firemen's Muster Association
- California Furniture Manufacturers Association
- Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000
- Construction Financial Management Association
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Drive-by shooting kills 6-year-old
POSTED: Monday, March 19, 2012 - 2:30pm
UPDATED: Monday, March 19, 2012 - 2:34pm
NBC NATIONAL NEWS — Two teens have been charged with murder following a drive-by shooting that killed a 6-year-old Chicago girl.
Aliyah Shell was shot dead just outside her house.
Investigators say a pickup truck approached the home Saturday afternoon and someone inside began shooting, striking the girl in the abdomen.
The little girl's sister was inside the house when she heard a popping sound outside.
"They started shooting but I thought it was fireworks. I heard like five or six gunshots. I thought they were fireworks," said Desiree Valzquez, Aliya's sister. "I ran outside, and my mom was holding my sister. My sister wasn't talking anymore. She wasn't breathing."
On Sunday afternoon police charged two teens with Aliyah's murder - 18-year-old Juan Barraza, and a 16-year-old boy.
Both teens are charged with murder and aggravated discharge of a firearm.


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Suffering is nothing new to Raskolnikov—or for many of the characters in Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment for that matter. Suffering, rather, is a way of life, a status of being. The reader follows the story of Raskolnikov as he suffers physically from delirium, emotionally from his conscience, and spiritually from his depravity. While suffering appears to be universal in the story (extending even to the Christ-like Sonya) it is in the embracing of the suffering that true power lies. In the story, suffering, when embraced, ushers in a greater appreciation for life which, if properly channeled, yields redemption.
The first benefit from the acceptance of suffering is an awareness of the preciousness of life. Raskolnikov experiences this after witnessing the suffering of Marmeladov who, on his death bed, cast his eyes on his daughter with "infinite suffering show[ing] in his face." The cause for this suffering came with the knowledge, on Marmeladov's part, that his actions forced his daughter into a life of prostitution to provide for the family. Raskolnikov, who sees and understands this suffering, uses Marmeladov's death as an opportunity to fully appreciate the gift of life. He recalls an anecdote about "a narrow ledge" where a condemned man wishes for a mere square foot of space to live out his remaining days rather than end them now. His initial thoughts after Marmeladov's include a "new, boundless sensation of a sudden influx of full and powerful life" which leads him back to a bridge where earlier, contemplating his own suicide, he witnessed a suicide attempt. Now, changed, transformed, he states, "There is life" and purposes to go see his friend. While this observation of suffering on his part leads to an appreciation for life, the feelings are temporary and fade quickly as his conscience battles on weakening his desire to live. Here it is suggested that Raskolnikov's attempt to suffer vicariously leads only to fleeting satisfaction.
While vicarious suffering leads to fleeting satisfaction, the novel suggests that true redemption lies only with embracing suffering for oneself. This notion comes to the reader through the police detective Porfiry whose seemingly unorthodox methods of entrapment walk the line between madness and brilliance. Nonetheless, he sees through Raskolnikov and justly accuses him of the murder despite a recent confession from a workingman. This confession is explained away by Porfiry as the desire to embrace suffering: "Because suffering . . . is a great thing . . . there is an idea in suffering." This idea, though unstated, seems to be the possibility for redemption. It is this idea that seems to tempt Raskolnikov to not "disdain life" but rather to confess and accept the consequences for his crime. He confesses and is sent to Siberia, expecting, it would seem, the promised benefits of suffering. He waits, and nothing happens. He then begins to disdain the appreciation for life that suffering brings about in the other convicts: "He looked at his fellow convicts and was amazed: how they, too, all loved life, how they valued it! It precisely seemed to him that in prison they loved and valued it even more, cherished it even more than in freedom." But yet he remains empty and miserable.
It is not until his complete embracing of suffering, which happens literally with the embracing of Sonya's feet, that Raskolnikov enters into the redemption suffering brings. While vicarious suffering left him only temporary peace, true suffering brings him "the dawn of a renewed future, of a complete resurrection into a new life." Now, like Lazarus, "he was risen and he knew it" and the presence of Sonya's Gospels under his pillow takes on an even greater significance. Now, at the novel's close, Raskolnikov stands ready to accept the terms of his newly given resurrection, terms that suggest the suffering is far from over but will be worth it all: "He did not even know that a new life would not be given him for nothing, that it still had to be dearly bought, to be paid for with a great future deed."


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Martin; Nellie Mae
MARTIN; Nellie Mae, 92, of Queens Manor, Liverpool, passed away peacefully on Thursday, January 31st, 2013 in Queens Manor.
Born in Halifax, she was a daughter of the late James and Alma (Redmond) Woods
Nellie was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints and enjoyed knitting, cooking and baking for her family.
She is survived by her daughter Constance (Daniel) Mooers of Milton and her son Lawrence Jr. (Shirley) of Aylesford. 8 grandchildren, 13 great grandchildren and 2 great great grandchildren.
She was predeceased by her husband Lawrence , her son Roger, her siblings James, Charles. Myrtle and Charles,
Visitation will be Saturday, February 2nd, 2013 from 7 until 9 p.m. and funeral service will be Sunday, February 3rd, 2013 at 2:30 p.m. both in Chandlers' Funeral Chapel, Liverpool. Bishop Ryan Fraser officiating. Burial will be in Zion United Cemetery, Payzant Street, Liverpool. Family flowers only, donations may be made to any charity. Online condolences may be made to www.chandlersfuneral.com
Offer Condolence for the family of Martin; Nellie Mae
Messages of Condolence
Our deepest sympathy to Connie & the family. God Bless you all.
Connie, deepest sympathy is extended to you and your family on the loss of your mother. I'll really miss seeing Nellie on my visits to the manor. She was a lovely lady and always reminded me of my grandmother. Keep all your good memories close to your heart.
Connie & family…so sorry to hear about the passing of your mom. My sincere sympathy to all of your family.
To the family, We are very sorry for your loss. Nellie was a wonderful lady who loved her family very much. She will now be reunited with her beloved Lawrence. Thinking of you all.
Buck & Cindy xoxoxo -
Larry and Connie, we are so sorry to hear of your Mom passing., Our Sympathy to you and your families.
Leon & Norma Robertson
Connie and Lawrence:
We were so sorry to hear of your Mom's passing.She was such a nice lady and I certainly enjoyed my visits with her.Walter and I spoke of her often.She will be missed by everyone who had the pleasure of knowing her.Our condolences go out to all the family. -
my husband and i knew her from the church she will be missed by all our condolences to all the family.
Deepest sympathy to all of Nellie's family I haven't seen Nellie for many years but when I think of her I remember her with that big laugh she always greeted me with. She was a very kind hearted person I think she would have given you the shirt off her back..if she knew you needed it more then she did. I can imagine she is very happy tonight to be with Lawrence again. Our condolences and prayers to the family…God Bless
Stephen & Sally A.(Lake) Belding
So sorry to hear about your Mom……..I remember my grandmother Tessie and grandfather Gene talk about Nellie often. Had the chance to meet Nellie one day while I had my dad in town for therapy after his stroke. She was a sweet lady. Keep the memories for they cannot be taken away.
Nellie was a kind-hearted, loving woman who took care of everyone like they were her own. You had to watch her, though, that mischievious laugh often meant she was up to "no good" in a fun way. She was never quite the same when she lost Lawrence, and I'm sure she is happy to be reunited with him at last. Our condolences to the family, cry for your losses and smile with your memories of fresh-baked goodies and loving arms that were always open and welcoming to all who knew her.
Connie & family,so sorry to hear of Nellie" passing..92years old,she lived a good long life. I so enjoyed our little talks when you would bring her to Frenchey' & i think she enjoyed going there ,seeing people,& talking to people.Bet her & Dad are chatting up a storm right now.Take comfort in the memories,that's all we have now.
To Connie and family,I am very sorry to hear about your mother.She was a lovely lady,who always talked to everyone.She was very friendly,and she will be missed. My Condolences.
I am so sorry for your loss.I remember when I was very young your Mom and Dad coming up to our house.I know her loss will be deeply felt.My deepest condolences to both you and your brother's families.
Our thoughts and prayers are with you all at the sad time…I have alot of GREAT memories of Nellie…Growing up in the hill I saw her quite often and we went to the same church. She always had a smile on her face and had a heart of gold…I got the chance to work some hours at the manor recently and got to spend some time with Nel…she remembered me as Clair's daughter…she will be greatly missed by all who knew and loved her…Keep her memories close at heart and they will help you through the days ahead…
Connie and all the family. Sorry to hear of your loss. Your Mom & Dad were both good friends of my Mom & Dad. Our deepest condolences to all of you. Sincerely, Lorraine & Clair Hupman
How very blessed I feel to have been born into this wonderful family. I am truly greatful that Nellie was my grandmother. I wish I could be there with all of you to mourn her death and celebrate her life. I will be mourning on my own and celebrating the wonderful memories she left behind. I know that Grampy was there to meet her with open arms . The love the two of them had for each other is something I will carry with me always. One of the many memories that I will cherish of my grandmother is when I would sing to her. She used to love it when I sang to her. " Give me a kiss till pay day", she would say. Or she would hold her arms out and say," come into these loving arms and give me a great big hug. I am proud to be her granddaughter and hope that she is proud of who I have become. To all of my family, I love you and miss you. Nanny I will always carry your memory in my heart.
She was a wonderful lady,,had many of god laugh with her .
Frenchie -
I loved Nell all my life the year I lived with her will always be a special memory.we shared so much during that time ,along with memories I had.my grand children got to know Nellie bellie oh Nell as they chose these names .so now they to have the joy of knowing her we go back 5generations of loving her and being loved by her.she will be missed but knowing we will see her again in heaven with all the others will help .love and prayers to all the family in the days to come love you con and I'm here day or night
Connie and Lawrence I am sorry to hear of your mothers passing.I am sure she will be missed by all who knew her. I know she always had a kind heart to us as kids.
Larry ,Shirley and family, Connie and Family. I feel very blessed to have known Nellie for such a short time, I am glad we found the rest of our family of so many years of not knowing, Looking at the pictures of my Dad and Aunt Myrlte and Nellie,and how happy they are, I think of the great reunion the are having in heaven. I believe you all take after your Mother, my love and and heart goes out to you
Love always Ken and Pat Schneider <3<3 -
Connie and family.I only knew Nellie for a short time when she was at the home in Caledonia.She was so pleased to see me in the morning to get ready for the day..My condolences go to the family and I am sure you will miss her dearly.She spoke of you all the time when she was at NorthQueens,and always had such a beautiful smile,
I had known sweet Nellie for many years, through her membership in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon). She and her dear, late husband were a special and loving couple, always with a ready smile and hug when greeted. I know that it is a sad time, and a time for grieving, for her family and friends, but be at peace, knowing that she and Lawrence (and children) are now joyfully re-united, and we can be truly happy for them. My love, condolences and blessings to all the family.
laurence and family connie family condolences to you all love you all
Dear Connie and Family …Please accept out deepest sympathies on the loss of your Mom ..
Richard and Peggy Hatt -
My sincere condolences to the family, ,, I grew up on the hill and we as kids known her as nanny and grampy martin,, she always had open arms for us kids on the hill and gave us treats whenever we visit. She was a very loving lady,, she certainly remains a fond memory in my childhood. RIP nanny martin
I was so sorry to hear of Nellies passing..She was a lovely kind lady .. I will miss her big beautiful smile at the Manor..condolences to her family.God bless.Brenda
Lyndon and family:
So sorry to hear of your grandmother's passing. Hopefully your memories will bring peace to you and your family in the coming months. -
Conni to hear of e and family so =======
Connie and family so sorry to hear of your mothers passj
ing. My thoughts and prayers are with you. -
Our Thoughts And Prayers Are With You In Your Time Of Sorrow.
My thoughts are with you and your family
Connie , I want to send condolences to you and your family as you grieve the loss of your special Mom . Sincerely , Bev
Connie and Larry and families, my Mom told me that Nell passed away. I was shocked, sad and happy all at the same time. Shocked to realize so much time has gone by, sad for the grief and tears that many will shed at their loss and happiness, that I had the pleasure of knowing this special lady. Nell always had a ready smile and hug for everyone. Nell and Lawrence had a special love that makes you happy for her reuniting with him at last. Knowing Lawrence I can just imagine Lawrence saying " What took you so long." I can also imagine Nell's answer as well, " I had things to do and people to take care of." She will be sadly missed, but Nell and my Aunt Sheila were very close and I would love to see the hugging and laughter when these two get together again. My thoughts and prayers are with you, and as many have said, keep your memories close.
We are so sorry for the loss of Nellie. Our thoughts and prayers are with the entire family.
Your condolence below will be viewable to the public. To send a Private condolence please click here.


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Woodbridge Annual Saint Patrick's Day Parade
Sunday, March 10, 2013 4:02 PM
/ Woodbridge High School Marching Barrons play during the annual Woodbridge St. Patrick's Day Parade. This is the 40th year the parade has made it's way down the streets of Woodbridge, going from Woodbridge High School to Town Hall. 3/10 /12 (Amanda Brown/For the Star-Ledger)