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Indiana Railroad Interurban | |
Locale | Indiana |
Dates of operation | 1930–1941 |
Track gauge | 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) (standard gauge) |
Headquarters | Indianapolis, Indiana |
This article is for the electric interurban railroad of 1930-1941. For the currently operating freight railroad Indiana Rail Road see Indiana Rail Road.
Indiana Railroad Interurban | |
Locale | Indiana |
Dates of operation | 1930–1941 |
Track gauge | 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) (standard gauge) |
Headquarters | Indianapolis, Indiana |
The Indiana Railroad (IR) was the last of the typical Midwestern United States interurban lines. It was formed in 1930-31 by combining the operations of the five major interurban systems in central Indiana into one entity. The predecessor companies came under the control of Midland Utilities, owned by Samuel Insull. It was Insull's plan to transform the Indiana interurban network into a new Indiana Railroad by modernizing the profitable routes and abandoning the unprofitable ones. With the onset of the Great Depression, the Insull empire collapsed and the Indiana Railroad was left with a decaying infrastructure and little hope for overcoming the growing competition of the automobile for passenger business and the truck for freight business. The IR faced bankruptcy in 1933, and receiver Bowman Elder was designated to run the company. Payments on bonded debt were suspended. Elder was able to keep the system virtually intact for four years, and IR operated about 600 miles (970 km) of interurban lines throughout Indiana during this period. During the late 1930s, the routes were abandoned one by one until a 1941 wreck with fatalities south of Indianapolis put an abrupt end to the last operation of interurbans in Indiana.
The late 1890s was a time of horse-drawn carriages and wagons pulled along unpaved streets and roads, so the arrival of the town streetcar was appreciated. Some of these trolley lines eventually expanded into the countryside and by 1911 grew into hundreds of miles of interurban lines networked across Indiana. "When before we had moved by horse and carriage, we now rode on plush seats to places 20, 30, even 50 miles distant."[1] In 1930, this unprofitable network became the new Indiana Railroad interurban. The plan was to increase both passenger and freight business and improve efficiency. A brief description of these IR predecessor interurban companies follows.
The Indiana Railroad was created on July 2, 1930 when Midland Utilities purchased the Union Traction Company of Indiana and transferred ownership to IR. Union Traction (UTC) was the largest interurban system in Indiana with 410 miles (660 km) of interurban trackage and 44 miles (71 km) of streetcar lines in Anderson, Elwood, Marion and Muncie. UTC was created in 1897 to operate an initial line between Anderson and Alexandria, and in 1902 came under the control of the Schoepf-McGowan Syndicate. UTC purchased or leased several neighboring interurban lines in short order: the Elwood and Alexandria was bought in 1903, the Indiana Northern in 1905, and the Indiana Muncie Hartford and Fort Wayne was leased in 1906. In 1906 UTC also purchased all of the Dayton and Muncie's trackage in Indiana. In 1910, UTC had a very bad wreck at Kingsland. Two wood bodied cars impacted head on, with one "telescoping" into the other, resulting in over forty fatalities.[2] This is considered the worst interurban accident in the history of interurban transit. UTC absorbed the Indianapolis, New Castle, and Toledo in 1912 and extended its trackage from New Castle to Muncie, but it did not reach Toledo. Although it attempted a passenger revival with the purchase of new equipment, UTC went into decline in the 1920s along with the other Indiana interurban systems. In 1925, it entered receivership whereby it continued operating by delaying paying interest on its bonded debt. It survived this bankruptcy whole and passed into IR control in 1930 intact.
At the same time as UTC was acquired, three other systems already owned by Midland Utilities were put under the control of IR. The largest was the Interstate Public Service Company (IPS), which was reorganized as an independent company known as Public Service Company of Indiana, but was operated under the auspices of IR. The IPS operated the line from Indianapolis to Louisville, which had been built between 1896 and 1907 under a variety of small independent lines. Through service between Indianapolis and Louisville was inaugurated over these separate lines in 1908, but it was not until 1912 that ownership of the different segments was consolidated and IPS was created. During the 1920s, IPS modernized its fleet of cars extensively. It operated extensive passenger services from Indianapolis to Louisville and operated suburban services around Louisville. By 1930 it was one of the strongest of the Indiana interurban lines. IPS operated three-car overnight sleeper trains each way between Indianapolis and Louisville during the years before the Great Depression. The all-steel interurban sleeper cars, with traction controls and motors removed, were purchased and used into the 1960s by British Columbia Railway. [Classic Trains, 2008]
At the same time IPS became part of IR, the Indiana Service Corporation (ISC) did as well. ISC was the successor to the Fort Wayne and Wabash Valley Traction Company, a system that had been assembled from smaller predecessors around 1902. The FW&WV had gone into bankruptcy following the terrible Kingsland wreck of 1910, the worst interurban disaster ever, which had killed 41 people. It had been reorganized as the Fort Wayne and Northern Indiana, and it was this company that failed in 1919 and was purchased by ISC. ISC had also acquired two other lines, the Fort Wayne and Northwestern and the Marion and Bluffton Traction Company, in 1924 and 1926, respectively. In the 1920s, IPS purchased an group of heavy steel combines and coaches (class 400) from St. Louis Car Company. ISC was absorbed into IR essentially intact, with only the Battle Ground branch having been previously abandoned. The 400 class ISC cars were operated by Indiana Railroad along with IR's new high speed cars until abandonment. One of the combines was eventually purchased by the CSS&SB South Shore Line, where it still operates today as a catenary maintenance car.
Absorbed into IR along with ISC and IPS was the Northern Indiana Power Company, which was a successor to the old Kokomo Marion and Western Traction Company. This line was the smallest and weakest of the companies that were folded into IR.
It was not until a year later, on June 23, 1931, that the final piece of the IR system was added when the Terre Haute Indianapolis and Eastern (THI&E) was purchased at auction. The THI&E was the second-largest interurban system in Indiana, operating just over 400 miles (640 km) of interurban lines as well as streetcar service in several western Indiana cities. It operated branches out of Indianapolis west to Terre Haute and Brazil, to the university town of Lafayette, and east to Richmond. It stretched nearly from the eastern to the western boundaries of the state. Due to lack of operating revenue and funds, it had never modernized (as had Union Traction, for example), and was financially among the weakest of the Indiana lines. As a power utility it had profits, but the interurban division had been losing money for a decade. It fell into receivership (a form of bankruptcy where the company continues to operate but does not pay interest on its bonded debt) in 1930, and several major branches, including lines to Danville, Martinsville, Lafayette, Crawfordsville, Sullivan and Clinton were abandoned prior to absorption by IR in 1931. Its Indianapolis to Richmond line connecting with the Dayton and Western interurban was a very important IR link to the Ohio interurbans for interchange of freight. From 1930 to 1938, the Indiana Railroad and the Cincinnati and Lake Erie were very important to each other. IR quickly retired the very dated THI&E arch-windowed wood combines.[3][4][5]
As mentioned above, the Indiana Railroad was able to interchange passengers and considerable freight with the very active Cincinnati and Lake Erie interurban in Ohio using the financially weak Dayton and Western interurban as the rail link between the two. The 53 mile D&W tied into IR tracks at its west end at Richmond, Indiana, and into C&LE tracks at its eastern end at Dayton, Ohio. Its track ran closely adjacent to the new U.S. Route 40 highway between the two cities, and as the 1920s passed, the Dayton and Western crews apprehensively watched as more and more of their business moved onto that highway in the form of cars, trucks, and buses. The D&W connection allowed the IR and C&LE to ship freight from Indiana to Dayton and from there on the C&LE north to Toledo and Cleveland, or south to Cincinnati, or east to Columbus. Like many interurbans, the Dayton and Western struggled financially into the 1930s, but it was so essential to the IR and the C&LE that they propped it up. From 1931 to 1933, the Cincinnati & Lake Erie leased the D&W. In 1936, the IR arranged a lease but in May 1937 had to drop the lease for lack of funds, and the D&W was forced to abandon operations. The loss of revenue business into Ohio wounded the IR. In the good economy of the early 1920s, the Terre Haute, Indianapolis, & Eastern (the predecessor to the IR on the Richmond route) had combined with the D&W to run well-patronized express passenger interurbans and to interchange considerable freight the entire 108 miles between Dayton and Indianapolis, but those good days were over.
IR inherited a very large fleet of interurban cars from its various predecessor companies, totaling perhaps 100-150 interurban cars (of which about 60 were retained), probably 200 or so streetcars (of which about 150 were retained), around 50 pieces of freight equipment and about 55 work cars of various types.
The interurban cars varied considerably in age and design. A number of pre-1910 very large arch windowed wooden combines that had survived in service on ISC and THI&E were disposed of within the first couple of years of IR's existence, leaving a fleet made up predominantly of heavy steel single-ended combines.[6] There were about half a dozen 400 class ISC combines, 30 UTC steel combines (including 15 modern cars only five years old), and nine of Interstate IPS's handsome heavyweight combines, parlor and sleeping cars. A few of these former Interstate cars were still operated by a British Columbia railroad in the 1990s. (Classic Trains Magazine, Sept 2008.)
The city cars, excluding earlier wooden types that were scrapped, consisted mainly of single-truck Birney cars inherited from UTC and THI&E. The only exceptions were a handful of double-truck cars left over from UTC and from IPS's suburban Louisville operations.
The freight and work equipment was a hodgepodge of mainly homebuilt designs, outdated passenger cars converted for alternate use, and secondhand equipment. Most of this equipment was quite old, but even some equipment dating to before 1905 remained in IR's employ for years. Some of the retired passenger coaches that were in better condition were rebuilt into box motors and utility cars.[6]
IR purchased two series of modern interurban cars during its life, and it was the first series - the famed Indiana Railroad High-Speeds - that always symbolized the railroad. When IR was created, its owners knew that they would have to modernize their fleet of interurban cars if they hoped to prevent further erosion of their ridership. In 1930 and 1931, IR designed a series of lightweight, low center of gravity, high-speed interurban cars that could operate quickly and economically on the far-flung IR network. The new cars owed much to the Cincinnati and Lake Erie lightweight cars built a year before. They were single-ended, low-floor cars designed for operation by a single man and were built largely of aluminum to save weight and, therefore, require less power to operate. The biggest difference from the C&LE cars was in the trucks: whereas the C&LE cars had smaller arch-bar trucks, the IR cars were designed with heavy Commonwealth cast steel trucks designed specifically for high-speed service and to cope with poor light rail track.[6]
A total of 35 cars was ordered. The first 14, cars 50-63, came from the American Car and Foundry and were deluxe cars with coach seating at the front and parlor car chairs at the back. The remaining 21 cars, numbered 64-84, came from Pullman and had all coach seating with a small baggage section at the rear. Delivery of the new high-speeds began in July 1931 and they were an immediate success, making it possible for IR to reduce running times on some of its routes and economize on its operations.
The second series of new cars was a group of ten Cummings-built lightweight cars that were bought in 1935. They were not brand new; they had been constructed in 1930 for the Northern Indiana Railway but had been seized by Cummings when the Northern Indiana couldn't pay for them. These cars were numbered 90-99.
Although considerable planning and expenditure was going into improving the passenger operation, the real hope for profits from the Indiana Railroad was to come from an expanded freight operation. Less-than-carload (LCL) overnight deliveries between the various IR-linked towns and to or from Ohio was not available from the competing railroads; the latter typically required two to three days. An example would be delivering machined parts made in Terre Haute overnight to Fort Wayne auto manufacturer Auburn. Some cartage business already existed due to the interurban's ties to local power companies. Regularly at night the IR's arch windowed wood bodied box motors would rumble down the quiet brick streets of an Indiana town towing one or two gondolas loaded with coal for the local power plant. In some cases, freight trains operating on city streets became an objection of town councils, particularly if those trains operated during the day. The income generated supplemented passenger income by providing LCL freight and package shipping services, and many merchants, newspapers, and small manufacturing companies used the frequent interurban scheduling provided. Had this business increased with an improving economy along with greater sales generated by a motivated sales force, the IR would have a promising future. The idea was a good one, but the national economy didn't improve. Instead, it collapsed further. When the Indiana Railroad lost the important freight interchange connection with neighboring interurban Dayton and Western which had ties to the important Cincinnati and Lake Erie interurban with its Ohio towns of Toledo, Cincinnati, and Columbus, prospects for survival were poor. The C&LE abandoned operations in early 1938. The IR continued to barely survive with just Indiana freight business, but lines were abandoned one by one. Today one operation survives as the Southern Indiana Railroad between Speed, IN and Watson Jct, IN and handles concrete from Esroc Cement for interchange with the CSX at Watson Indiana trains today are diesel locomotive hauled.
The Indiana Railroad could not sustain its planned infrastructure improvements for long due to declining income. Automobile competition was increasing, and the Depression weakened the entire economy dramatically. On July 28, 1933, IR went into bankruptcy. Control was placed into the hands of receiver Bowman Elder. Elder was able to keep the system virtually intact for four years, and IR was operating about 600 miles (970 km) of interurban lines throughout Indiana during this period. In 1936, IR actually showed an operating profit. This was the only time in its history that it did so. In that year, IR brought under its control a final interurban line, the Dayton and Western, which it leased for two years. This provided a valuable link to the very active Cincinnati and Lake Erie Ohio interurban which ran from Cincinnati to Toledo and east to Cleveland using the Lake Shore Electric interurban. When the Lakeshore Electric was abandoned, the C&LE soon followed.[7] The Dayton and Western provided a connection from the IR to the C&LE. Eventually, the IR did not have the funds to continue to lease the D&W. The lease was dropped, the D&W shut down, and the important freight connection was lost.
In 1937 the final slide into bankruptcy began. By order of the Securities and Exchange Commission, Midland Utilities was dissolved and the interurban lines it controlled were divorced from the subsidy income of their parent electric power generating company. In March 1937, the line abandonments began. The old Indiana Service Corporation ISC lines from Fort Wayne north to Waterloo, Garrett and Kendallville were abandoned on March 15. On May 9, the former THI&E line east of Indianapolis to Richmond was abandoned. This severed the IR's important connection with the Ohio C&LE interurban network and hurt both the IRR and the C&LE by ending their interchange business. In September 1938, the former Union Traction line from Indianapolis to Fort Wayne via Peru was abandoned leaving the more southern Indianapolis to Ft Wayne via Muncie route intact. A year later, the major trunk of the former Interstate Public Service Indianapolis to Louisville line was cut back to Seymour. In January 1940, the former THI&E line west of Indianapolis to Brazil, Greencastle and Terre Haute was abandoned. On January 18, 1941, the remaining Union Traction Indianapolis to Fort Wayne and Bluffton and Muncie to New Castle branch were abandoned, ending practically all service on the IR.[6][8] The final operation, Indianapolis to Seymour, was abandoned following a fatal wreck of a passenger car and a freight motor.
With the abandonment of its two principle remaining lines in January 1941, the IR was essentially gone. The name IR ceased to be used and the one remaining stub of serviceable trackage, between Indianapolis and Seymour along the old IPS (Interstate) to Louisville route, continued to be operated under the Public Service Company of Indiana name. This service was operated with just two of the high-speed cars (the balance were scrapped at the Anderson shops in 1941), running just one round-trip a day to fulfill franchise obligations. Even this fragment of interurban service did not last long. On September 8, 1941, one of the two high-speed cars still in use met the one remaining work car in a head-on collision at speed. The high speed car had stalled, and the work car was sent from Indianapolis to investigate. But the first car had recovered and proceeded, leading to a head on collision and injured passengers and crew. The operator of the high speed car eventually died, as did one of the passengers. The Indianapolis to Seymour service immediately stopped, and soon the track was removed. This was the end of the Indiana Railroad.[9] It was an ignominious end to a great interurban system created ten years earlier to use and make profitable the former widespread network of 1920s Indiana interurbans.
In the early years on the Union Traction a tragic wreck occurred at Kingsland, Indiana between two wood cars. An excerpt from a local newspaper said: "FORT WAYNE, Ind., Sept. 22. -- The authorities of Wells county and officials of the traction company today are making a rigid investigation to attach responsibility for the collision of two traction cars on the Bluffton line of the Fort Wayne & Wabash Valley Traction company yesterday, in which forty persons were killed and eight injured. Today Frank I. HARDY, superintendent of transportation of the traction company, stated that disregard of orders caused the wreck and that B. T. CORKWELL, motorman of the southbound train, probably is the one to blame. The disaster, rated as the worst in all interurban history, occurred at a sharp curve, near Kingsland, six miles from Bluffton. The line is operated under a block system and until the railway makes public the orders issued the crews, it will not be definitely known which motorman was negligent."


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When regular people have meltdowns, it's usually a matter of personal drama, hurt feelings and eventually moving on. When stars have meltdowns, it's a showstopper. It's even more difficult to move on from because of the many, many cameras that are always around.
When stars have meltdowns, they can be real supernovas.
Sheen's meltdown started with destroyed hotel rooms and ended up with putting his award-winning show, Two and a Half Men, on indefinite hiatus. This very public meltdown culminated in long and rambling interviews about tiger's blood and winners, and people are still probably trying to comb his cryptic mutterings for inspiration.
The star of Braveheart lost a lot of face when he was pulled over on suspicion of drunk driving. Allegedly, he went off on an anti-Semitic rant before sexually harassing a police officer at the station. Gibson has since apologized, stating that the entire incident was a moment of insanity.
Crowe usually plays it cool, but when the star was frustrated with trying to dial out from a hotel room, he ended up throwing his phone at a hotel employee's face. This resulted in a third-degree assault charge which was later dropped.
There's nothing quite like a meltdown that's being recorded as it goes down, and that's exactly what happened to Bale. A long audio clip caught Bale cussing out a crew member during the filming of Terminator:
Salvation, and though his complaint might've been valid, no one should swear that much in a professional setting.
Michael Richards' big claim to fame is as the lovable Kramer from Seinfeld, but that reputation made room for a darker one when he unleashed an expletive-laden, racially-charged tirade against hecklers at a comedy club.
Though he's mostly known for award-winning pop songs, it probably means something when a star's documentary is subtitled Tantrums and Tiaras. John's known for chucking things at hotel staffs, refusing to return to an entire region of France after a fan greeted him, and calling reporters "vile pigs".
He thinks "too much of himself". An egomaniac.
Copyright © 2014 CelebZen.com

subset: commoncrawl


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Willow Smith, 13, was photographed laying in bed with Moises Arias, 20, while at Coachella and it was extremely shocking and strange. HollywoodLife.com spoke to multiple experts who all say that Will and Jada need to stop being 'cool parents,' and step in!
On May 6, a new photo emerged showing Willow Smith, daughter of Will and Jada Pinkett Smith laying in bed with a shirtless Moises Arias — who is seven years older than her. While we know they are friends with Willow's brother Jaden, the 13-year-old singer should still be under adult supervision, multiple relationship experts told HollywoodLife.com exclusively.
Willow Smith's Parents Need To Step In NOW
"Just because she's mature for her age or can express choices of a much older kid, it doesn't mean she fully grasps the consequences of those choices," relationship expert Cooper Lawrence told HollywoodLife.com, adding that Will and Jada are probably making an effort to be "cool parents."
The photos show Moises, sitting up in bed with no shirt on, while Willow lays down on top of the covers fully dressed.
"Though they are not touching one another which is good, [but] the pictures are suggestive. They are in bed together, not a good message. Willow is only 13 and should be supervised by an adult who is responsible and who is not a play or hanging out mate," Dr. Jeff Gardere added. "They (her parents) should not freak out on her but have a suggestions and lay out ground rules for appropriate behavior. They should also do some soul searching as to what they can do better as supervising parents."
Willow & Moises: Just Because Their Friends, Doesn't Mean It's Ok
Moises has been close with the Smith family for years — he even directed Jada's music video in Nov.2014 for her band Wicked Wisdom. However, Willow is still only 13 years old, Dr. David Gottesfeld pointed out, and that "it is a parent's job to explain and put things in perspective as they happen or before they happen, not after the fact."
Dr. Gottesfeld feels that Will and Jada need to be proactive in their parenting, and that by posing for the photos at all, Willow is "asking" for them to step in and set limits.
"Friends bond because they have things in common. There's a big difference in maturity between a 13-year-old and a 20-year-old. While it's true that girls mature earlier than boys, a gap of 7 years is extraordinary for kids growing up," Dr. Gilda Carle, "30-Second Therapist" for the Today Show said. "Kids are kids, whether they're on a farm or in Hollywood — and in this sexualized world, they have urges. They need time to mature, but also parents to give them boundaries. Why allow kids to be in compromising situations as seen in this photo before they can handle making decisions that will impact their life? Time for parental guidance!"
What do you think, HollywoodLifers? Is it time for the parents to step in? Let us know!
–Maxine Studebaker
More Willow Smith News:
- Willow Smith, 13, Shows Bikini PDA With Moises Arias, 20, — Pic
- Willow Smith: Fans Outraged After Scandalous Moises Arias Pic
- Moises Arias: 5 Things To Know About Willow Smith's Bed Buddy
View Comment
Posted at 9:41 PM on May 13, 2014
Yes this photo is a a little talk taboo. One, because of their obvious age difference, and two, because of the fact that he is shirtless. However, I think everyone is blowing this WAY out of proportion. First of all, there is obviously someone else in the room so they definitely aren't alone. Secondly, there is no way that there is anything actually going on because a 20 year old that was involved in any kind of indecent relationship with a 13 year old DEFINITELY wouldn't post a picture on a social media site that would be seen by millions of people. Thirdly, even if he had had a shirt on and there was someone else right beside them, the media would still twist this picture into something sexual. Because sex sells, especially that which is taboo. Fourthly, this picture looks a lot worse than it probably is because of the black and white filter and the fact that Willow's clothes look similar to a bed sheet at first glance.
Another problem I have with all of this is that it's none of our business. We have an unhealthy obsession with all things famous and sordid. Had this been a tabloid picture of Willow waking down the street we wouldn't have stopped to think about the fact that some 30 something, male photographer probably stalked a 13 year old to get that photo to sell. But, add in an older boy with no shirt and a bed, and suddenly we're all swallowing the media's "this is creepy" and "suggestive" Kool-aid as fast as we can.
That being said, in my own totally nonsensical and grammatically incorrect way, I think we all need to take a chill pill and stop reading more in this picture than there really is.
Posted at 2:54 PM on May 10, 2014
Posted at 6:21 AM on May 10, 2014
Posted at 6:19 AM on May 10, 2014
aye umm thats a little starnge but maybe there like bestfriends or like bro and sis maybe he dont look at her in that way like she dont look uncomfatable to me she look just happy and fine so umm willow she's thirteen she's not dumb he's 20 he should take a more propiate picture with a minor
Posted at 2:07 AM on May 8, 2014
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Roadcraft: the police driver and rider handbooks for better, safer driving
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The monthly Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Employment Report is probably the most anticipated and watched economic indicator the U.S. government releases. Many industry decision makers base investment decisions on whether or not the employment numbers are better than expected or worse than expected. Yet more often than not, the BLS employment results are revised substantially from one month to the next.
For example, with the release of the October employment results, the BLS' August and September employment results were revised higher by a whopping 154%. Two months after the BLS' August employment release, employment went from 0, representing an economy on the verge of contraction, to 103,000 representing an economy in slow growth mode. Similarly, September's results went from 103,000, representing an economy in slow growth mode, to 158,000 this past month representing an economy growing at a modest pace.
Based, in part, on the BLS' dismal employment numbers in August and September, many industry decision makers expected the U.S. economy to drift into recession. Two months later, the BLS revisions point to an economy in slow growth mode, not in recession, a considerably different outcome.
Why are the BLS employment numbers frequently revised? We have identified four reasons:
1) The BLS Establishment Survey is not complete when the employment results are first released. In October, for example, the survey was 73.5% complete. Final numbers for October will not be released until January 2012. The preliminary BLS employment results then are skewed towards the first respondants.
2) Each year, from October through March the BLS applies huge seasonal adjustments. Seasonal adjustments for the October survey results were nearly 1.1 million jobs due to seasonal holiday hiring. A year ago November, for example, the seasonal adjustment was nearly 1.3 million jobs, and this past January the seasonal adjustment was 2.1 million jobs. When trying to measure relatively small employment changes from month to month, these huge seasonal adjustments tend to clobber subtle changes in employment.
3) While the BLS Establishment Survey is supposed to be a comprehensive, balanced, and unbiased survey representing all sectors of employment, across all sizes of companies, we believe it is biased towards employment activity in the government sector and large corporations. For example, while government employment represents about 17.6% of total employment, the BLS surveys 68.5% of all government employees. Government employees make up 39.9% of all respondents to the BLS survey. In our opinion, the heavy reliance on responses from government employment centers is a likely contributor to reporting errors.
4) Finally, the BLS applies a mysterious "birth/death" (BD) adjustment to the results to account for business openings and closings. This past month, the adjustment added 102,000 jobs to the non-seasonally adjusted results. According to our sources, the BD model appears to apply an upside shift to the monthly results of approximately 50,000 regardless of whether the economy is in expansion or contraction mode.
TrimTabs discovered about ten years ago that daily withholding tax deposits are a better gauge of real-time employment. Each and every day, withholding taxes from 131.5 million wage earners are deposited to U.S. Treasury. We developed a proprietary model that uses that data to compute wages and salaries and U.S. employment. Over the years, we have discovered that this is a much better measure of real-time employment than the frequently revised BLS numbers.
It is often said that employment is a lagging indicator. We believe nothing could be further from the truth. When someone loses their job, his or her consumption patterns change immediately. In our opinion, the only reason employment is a lagging indicator is because the government does not use real-time data. Trends in withholding taxes were an excellent early warning indicator to the 2008 recession.
- Madeline Schnapp
Director of Macroeconomic Research
TrimTabs Investment Research


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Legislation approved this week in New York highlights the escalating tug of war between retail pharmacies and pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs).
Retail News Breaks Archives
NEW YORK – Legislation approved this week in New York highlights the escalating tug of war between retail pharmacies and pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs).
New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo on Tuesday signed Assembly Bill 5502-B, the Anti-Mandatory Mail Order Pharmacy Bill, which prohibits health insurers from requiring people to buy prescription drugs from a mail order pharmacy. The measure enables consumers to fill a prescription at a network retail pharmacy without being subject to an additional co-payment, fees or other conditions — provided that the retail pharmacy accepts a price in line with that of the mail order pharmacy.
He also signed similar legislation, Assembly Bill 7779, which would allow an insured to buy fertility medication at a local specialty pharmacy without incurring extra costs by not using a mail order pharmacy.
"Both of these bills seek to improve consumer convenience by expanding the options by which consumers can fill their drug prescriptions," Cuomo stated in the approval memorandum for the two pieces of legislation.
However, Cuomo noted that his approval came with conditions. "While I support their objectives, I have concerns with these bills," he said in the memorandum. "To address these concerns, both houses of the legislature have agreed to pass amending legislation making several changes, including providing that the retail pharmacy must agree in advance to accept the same reimbursement rate and applicable terms and conditions established for mail order pharmacies. With the understanding that these amendments will be passed, I approved these bills."
Retail pharmacy and PBM trade groups both claimed victory with the legislation's approval.
"In signing this bill into law, Gov. Cuomo made the right call for public health, patient choice and New York jobs," National Community Pharmacists Association chief executive officer B. Douglas Hoey said in a statement. "First, the law empowers patients to choose the best pharmacy option for their personal health needs and preferences. While most patients overwhelmingly prefer to talk to a pharmacist in person, those who prefer to use mail order facilities will have that choice. But mail order is not for everyone, and the key is leaving that decision in the hands of patients — not a large corporation with a vested interest in growing its mail order business."
Hoey also noted that face-to-face consultations with pharmacists spur medication adherence, in turn improving health outcomes, and help flag potential adverse drug interactions. "Third, amid a struggling economy, this law keeps more New York health care dollars in the state," he explained. "That supports local tax revenue and jobs, including those at the Empire State's 2,200 independent community pharmacies. According to the Pharmacists Society of the State of New York, the required use of mail order pharmacies has resulted in over $5 billion leaving the state every year."
The Pharmaceutical Care Management Association (PCMA), which represents the PBM industry, opposed the bill but credited Cuomo with requiring lawmakers to amend it by making retail pharmacies subject to the same reimbursement, terms and conditions as mail order pharmacies.
"Employers, taxpayers and consumers appreciate Gov. Cuomo's admonition to the Legislature to improve this costly, anti-consumer bill," PCMA president and CEO Mark Merritt said in a statement. "In this economy, employers need every cost-saving tool they can get, and mail-service pharmacy is at the top of the list."
In a news release on Cuomo's approval of the legislation, PCMA stated, "Home delivery is popular with patients because it offers 90-day prescriptions that are less expensive and is more convenient than driving to the drug store every 30 days. With mail-service pharmacies, patients can get private counseling over the phone from trained pharmacists seven days a week, 24 hours a day. Numerous other government and peer-reviewed data have confirmed the increased savings, safety and adherence provided by mail-service pharmacies."
Last week, PCMA announced the results of a survey finding that cost savings weighed more heavily with consumers than wider access to drug stores. When asked which is most important for their prescription drug benefits, 56% of respondents said "holding down premiums and other out-of-pocket costs" versus 17% saying "access to every drug store in [their] area." Of adults polled, 12% indicated they would be willing to pay a higher premium if their drug plan added more drug stores to its network, while 84% would not be willing to pay more.
In addition, among the 31% of insured adults surveyed who have tried mail order, 89% indicated they are satisfied with the service, and 70% of respondents agreed that "prescription drug plans should try to reduce prescription drug costs for consumers as much as possible, even if it means drug stores make less money," according to PCMA.
The signing of the bill in New York came just a week after a key U.S. Senate hearing scrutinizing the proposed merger of PBMs Express Scripts and Medco Health Solutions.
Supporters of the deal, which is being reviewed by the Federal Trade Commission, say it will lower the cost of prescription drugs for Americans. Opponents say the promise of savings is hollow and claim the merger is anticompetitive because the merged PBM would exploit its market leverage by forcing consumers to use its mail order pharmacy to fill prescriptions instead of being able to do so at a drug store.
Meanwhile, Express Scripts and Walgreen Co., the nation's biggest drug chain, remain locked in a contract dispute. Walgreens announced this summer that starting next year it would no longer participate in Express Scripts' retail pharmacy network. The chain has since been working to move forward largely without the PBM by touting the value of its vast store network and pharmacy services to health plans and employers.


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More About:
New non-toxic tall fescues to replace drought-stricken pastures, supplemental feeding on pasture and multispecies grazing will be discussed at the Missouri Forage and Grassland Council meeting, Nov. 5-6 at Resort at Port Arrowhead in Lake Ozark.
How they graze 600 ewes with 150 cows or 200-225 stocker calves will be explained by Joe and Hoss Hopping of Hopping Brothers Livestock, Wagoner, OK.
University of Missouri (MU) Extension speakers include Craig Roberts, forage specialist, and Justin Sexten, beef nutritionist. Abner Womack, founder of the MU Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute, will review "Impact of Economic Climate on Farm Prices."
Ian Kurtz of Ozark, formerly with the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), will talk on flexible fencing. Mark Kennedy, Houston, will explain how to grow grass with less nitrogen fertilizer. Kennedy is an NRCS grassland conservationist.
Ann Wells, a Prairie Grove, AR, veterinarian, will talk about environmentally friendly fly control. Kathy Voth of Livestock for Landscapes, Loveland, CO, will tell how she trains cows to eat weeds. Bruce Shanks of Lincoln University, Jefferson City, will describe meat processing and marketing.
The meeting will run from 10 a.m. on Nov. 5 to 3 p.m. the next day. Advance registration is $105 plus $55 for a spouse. Discounts apply for MFGC members and one-day registrations.
For more information, contact Joetta Roberts at 573-499-0886 in mornings or by email at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Ian Thorpe's chances of again swimming for Australia faded with the revelation on Sunday that sports administrators have cut funding to the five-time Olympic gold medallist.
Head coach Leigh Nugent told the Sunday Telegraph that he had not spoken to the 30-year-old Thorpe since October and was not sure where he was living.
In an autobiography published last year, the former chlorine king said he hoped to compete at the world championships in Barcelona in July and the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow in 2014.
Thorpe spent four years out of the pool before coming out of retirement in 2006 for a failed attempt at making the national team for the London Olympics. He is not attending the national trials in Adelaide next month for the team that will compete in the world championships.
He is believed to be living in London.
Thorpe said in the latest post on his Facebook page that retirement was not on his mind.
"Now that I've got time on my side, I can get good preparation that will enable me to swim really well," he said. "It would be nice to allow myself to come full circle in my swimming career. I still have a life in the pool."


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Avian leukosis type A virus-derived retroviral vectors have been used to introduce genes into cells expressing the corresponding avian receptor tv-a. This includes the use of Replication-Competent Avian sarcoma-leukosis virus (ASLV) long terminal repeat (LTR) with Splice acceptor (RCAS) vectors in the analysis of avian development, human and murine cell cultures, murine cell lineage studies and cancer biology. Previously, cloning of genes into this virus was difficult due to the large size of the vector and sparse cloning sites. To overcome some of the disadvantages of traditional cloning using the RCASBP-Y vector, we have modified the RCASBP-Y to incorporate "Gateway" site-specific recombination cloning of genes into the construct, either with or without HA epitope tags. We have found the repetitive "att" sequences, which are the targets for site-specific recombination, do not impair the production of infectious viral particles or the expression of the gene of interest. This is the first instance of site-specific recombination being used to generate retroviral gene constructs. These viral constructs will allow for the efficient transfer and expression of cDNAs needed for functional genomic analyses.
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Miranda Barbour to stay in Muncy, her husband in Sunbury
SUNBURY — Accused killer 19-year-old Miranda Barbour will remain jailed in Muncy. She was transferred there last week from the Northumberland County Prison. We told you this week, following a Northumberland County Prison board meeting, that Barbour's husband, 22-year-old Elytte Barbour would be transferred from prison in Columbia County to prison in Sunbury. He was transferred Wednesday.
Northumberland County Judge Charles Saylor said, despite her attorney's request, Miranda Barbour will stay jailed in Muncy, but she will be able to have meetings with her attorney at the Northumberland County Prison.
The moves are also a cost savings for the county. Tuesday, Commissioners said housing Elytte Barbour in Columbia County cost about $100 a day, while housing Miranda Barbour in Muncy only costs $65.
The newlywed couple is charged in the November strangling and stabbing death of 42-year-old Troy LaFerrara of Coal Township. (Sara Bartlett)
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text:
Columbuser.com covers news, politics, and life in Columbus, Ohio, and has done so since April 1, 2007. (Yes, we're talking about a real Columbus tradition.)
Columbuser.com is run and written by Brian O'Connell, who has not been requested to do so, and is not qualified for such an endeavor in any case. Mr. O'Connell has little to no experience as a journalist or in reporting facts and/or news to the general public, unless you count his other blog, which you shouldn't. Read at your own risk.
Mr. O'Connell is originally from Brooklyn, New York and has also resided in Atlanta, GA; Myrtle Beach, SC; and some hick town in southern New Jersey. He has lived in Columbus since 1999, which will seem longer ago if you refer to it as the previous millennium or century, and it is therefore suggested that you do so.
Email Mr. O'Connell via the address brian at this site's domain.
If you wish to write for Columbuser.com, drop Mr. O'Connell a line. Perfect candidates are those who reside in Columbus, enjoy writing, are somewhat good at it, and want to write about local news and events. Crappy candidates are those who cannot write in the English language and wouldn't if they could, or those who have no intention of writing about Columbus, Ohio.
This site currently does not earn a profit, but if it ever did, said profit would be shared with contributors under some vague profit-sharing scheme which, because of its very vagueness, is likely to become the subject of litigation. And yet your voluntarism would still be appreciated, despite your possible future status as a complainant in a civil lawsuit.
Comments about this site may be left here. Comments on a particular post should be left on that post.


text:
Lionel Messi was back in full training for Barcelona this weekend, as is expected to play against Real Betis on Sunday.
The Argentina international was sidelined for the Blaugrana's Champions League loss to Bayern Munich on Wednesday due to a hamstring injury.
But the club have confirmed that the attacker took a full part in Saturday's session, and should play against Verdiblancos this evening.
Think you know your Spanish football? Share your knowledge, tips and comments to win cash prizes in OLBG's tipster competition - £11,000 to be won monthly!


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Millhouse Farm
This traditional Tiree cottage dates back to 1800, when it was a single storey with a black roof. Around 1900 it was built up to the present two storey with a slate roof and a kitchen was added about forty years later. In 2005 it was stripped back to the walls (between three and four feet thick!) and completely renovated, adding double glazing, central heating and wooden floors. Care has been taken to preserve the style and character of the original, with charming results.
Upstairs there are two bedrooms and a bathroom, with a further bedroom and bathroom downstairs. All bedrooms have a double bed and a set of bunks, a washbasin, television and easy chairs, although max occupancy is 10. For the occasional rainy day, there is a glass fronted stove in the fireplace in the dining room, and a selection of books and board games also. The kitchen is light and well equipped, with oven, eight hotplates, microwave, fridges etc. There is a small laundry with washing machine and drying rack, however as there is no wetsuit area, the farmhouse is not suitable for surfers.
Free WiFi
Outside there are picnic tables, grass lawn and drying green.
The farmhouse can be let as a whole, or as individual rooms. Dogs are not permitted at the farmhouse. Max occupancy 10
Family rooms from £50 per night, depending on no. occupants .


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Letting agents in Swadlincote
Can't find agent? | Report an error
- List view
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1 - 8 of 8 results
Featured agents
Amstev Property Management
The Shruberries Butt Lane, Woodville, DE11 7EL - We also cover DE1
Newton Fallowell
49 High Street, Swadlincote, DE11 8JA
Howland Jones
73 - 77 High Street, Measham, Swadlincote, DE12 7HZ
Who are we? Created by Managing Director Rebecca Howland (nee Jones) in 2001, Howland Jones ... more
Alinia Lettings
PO Box 8122, Swadlincote, DE11 1FU
Fellows Lettings
27 Hay Wain Lane, Midway, Swadlincote, DE11 0XJ
Friston Small
55 High Street, Swadlincote, DE11 8JA
Three Shires Property
Field Lane, Boundary, Swadlincote, DE11 7BT


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text: Cook-Off"Step One: Dice vegetables."Rainbow Dash turned toward the pile of celery, tomatoes, and onions on the counter beside her and smirked. All around her, the clatter and chaos of bubbling pots and clanking spoons surged, filling her ears and flooding her veins with the thrill of competition. She clamped her mouth down on a hefty knife and used her hoof to slide an onion to the center of the wooden cutting board. Just a little slicing, stirring, and simmering was all that stood between her and the title of Iron Chef, champion of the Ponyville Chili Cook-Off and master of all things culinary. The thought dominated her mind, pushing aside any doubts. After all, cooking was easy. Pick a recipe, follow the steps, and voila, chili. It didn't matter if you'd cooked chili a thousand times before or just once.Or never. Whatever.Rainbow Dash raised her head confidently and brought the knife down full-force on


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Mary Ann Carter Richardson was the mother of David Carter Richardson. Mary was my GGG Grandmother. Jacob was my GGGG Grandfather.
Would love to meet relatives, I live in NC. Last year I visited Gardi and Jesup and stopped by Midway Baptist Church.
I am one of your richardson relatives. My name is robert anthony richardson. I am a psychologist and live in Savannah, GA. David Carter R and Cordelia Williams R were my gg grandparents. I went to the midway baptist church today. I do not get to go often and they had a nice service. i thanked them for continuing to preserve the sanctuary and the cemetery. They were a very small group but warm and inviting and seemed excited to have a visitor. Please contact me when you are in Savannah. I would enjoy meeting and sharing any information about our history my ggg was david carter richardson (Gardi) -- grand grandfather was (rev) aaron riley richardson (Gardi)-- grandfather william riley richardson (macon) and my father died almost 2 years ago and was William Riley Richardson, Jr. (perry, ga) and then there is me--robert a. richardson (savannah, ga). I grew up in Perry, GA. I grew up going to the Richardson reuniouns that were held each june at the church and cemetery in gardi and it was lots of fun. The meetings always started out with welcome and greeting and then we there would be a "hell and brim fire" sermon -- that used to scare me when I was a kid, and afterwards we would eat all afternoon. Richardsons would come from as far as south carolina (hilton head), middle and north ga and florida. All of the group organizers died out in the 1990's.
warmest regards,
rob r
(912)-596-0040 cell
535 East Perry St
Savannah, GA 31401


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Another one bites the dust. lol
Go to Admin » Appearance » Widgets » and move Gabfire Widget: Social into that MastheadOverlay zone
Republican John McCain said Friday he was to blame for the weakened state of his presidential campaign that has undergone two major staff shake-ups in a week and is nearly broke.
"We've made mistakes," the Arizona senator said during an interview with New Hampshire Public Radio. "The responsibility is mine. I'm the candidate."
Four days after accepting the resignations of his two top campaign aides, McCain said he didn't do what was necessary to run a productive campaign and spent just as much as he brought in when he should have been saving up to pay for costly television advertisements for the heat of race.
"We didn't use the money in the most effective way," he said.
McCain made the comments in the first-in-the-nation primary state as finger-pointing among his loyalists intensified in Washington over who was to blame for the one-time GOP front-runner's six-month slide and financially fragile condition.
The campaign raised $25 million in the first half of the year, but blew through nearly all of it during the same period. By Sunday, the campaign will report to the Federal Election Commission that it has $2 million cash on hand but more than $1 million in outstanding debt, according to officials. They say McCain could end up having as little as a couple hundred thousand dollars to spend as he tries to revitalize his campaign.
As July began, McCain laid off more than half of his staff and cut salaries of many of those remaining staffers to try to control costs. A week later, campaign manager Terry Nelson and chief strategist John Weaver resigned and several other senior aides loyal to the two followed them out the door. More are expected to leave in the coming days.
McCain named the chief executive officer, Rick Davis, as his campaign manager as he seeks to right his deeply troubled campaign.
"It's difficult times right now," McCain said but again vowed to press on with his second presidential bid.
Fresh from a visit to Iraq, McCain traveled to New Hampshire to deliver a speech on the war. His 19-year-old son, Jimmy, a Marine expected to head to Iraq soon, was accompanying McCain.
According to speech excerpts, McCain again argues that the country must give President Bush's troop increase strategy a chance to work, and says the military effort is showing signs of progress and there's an opening for political progress.
"If there is to be hope of a sustainable end to the violence that so plagues that country, Iraqi political leaders must seize this opportunity. It will not come around again," he says.
As Democratic front-runner Hillary Rodham Clinton campaigns in the same state, McCain also singles her out and suggests that she is ignoring a terrorist presence in Iraq.
"Defeatism will not buy peace in our time. It will only lead to more bloodshed — and to more American casualties in the future," he says. "If we choose to lose in Iraq, our enemies will hit us harder in Afghanistan hoping to erode our political will and encourage calls in Western capitals for withdrawal and accommodation with our enemy there as well."
He also generally accuses Democratic hopefuls of engaging in "wishful and very dangerous thinking" on the war, saying: "Democratic candidates for president will argue for the course of cutting our losses and withdrawing from the threat in the vain hope it will not follow us here."
Another one bites the dust. lol
I surely hope John McPain's advisors decide to use CHB as a "dipstick check" for his possible success of winning the presidency…not! :))
Nemo **==
McCain Says He Won't Drop Out
America doesn't need another delusional Administration, and America certainly doesn't need another Administration that can't manage budgets.
John McCain, go away!!
A man who was subjected to brainwashing by the best North Viets for years expects to be president of the US. And some people actually want him to be. Amazing!
Dam!!! thats (writing) not (wrighting). Oh well…does anyone give a shit? God I hope not.
Why even waste time wrighting articles on this guy. For God sake he was dead several years ago, now he is dead times two and yet he is still here (although not for long). What word would represent 10 times delusional, it would be (John McCain)…Ok two words.
Senator McCain is too old for the strain of having to run for office with his voting record against him. Many in Arizona are not much in favor of his neoconservative ideals for America. Step down, old fellow and let the next generation have a go at the government. Wait a minute….he is younger than I am….I still stand by my opinions.
I guess John McPain now hopes he can "whine" his way to the presidency. He needs to retire after his current term, then go home to sunny AZ and lounge around the pool. End of story!
Nemo **==
This was a Great lesson about "conservatism". Real conservatives don't blow all their money early in the Primaries.
If he wasn't so stupid I could feel sorry for him.
OOOOOOOOOOOOHHHHHHHHHHHH,Johnnie cracked corn and I don't care.


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★★★ Sale Price for limited time ★★★
Crow is the critically acclaimed, story-driven action-adventure for iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch. Combining unique exploration, combat, and game mechanics, Crow takes the player on an exciting journey to faraway lands where an ancient battle is unfolding.
Your choices will forever alter the course of this world. Will you Curse your foes or Spare them and risk the consequences?
Created using Sunside's in-house game platform Radiance™, Crow delivers stunning visuals and immersion in a fully 3D world.
★★★Featured Benchmark Game for Stunning Graphics!★★★
★★★iPad Game of the Week in over 6 countries!★★★
★★★Includes high-resolution support for the new iPad!★★★
● Immersive story line
● Meaningful player choice
● Stunning 3D graphics
● Visceral combat
● Sweeping musical score
● Support for the new iPad Retina Display
What reviewers have said:
★ Kotaku – Gaming App of the Day – "Crow could be the greatest iPhone game I've ever played."
★ PC Magazine – The 25 Best iPhone Games – "Crow is a game that beckons you to take a flight through the dark side in an adventure that lets you choose your own path."
★ 148Apps – Editor's Choice Award – "Unique is the word for this game."
★ TheAppShack – 5/5 – "The gameplay is solid, the atmosphere, graphics, music, and story all blend together perfectly."
★ TapByte – 10/10 – "Sunside Games has managed to create a masterpiece of a game."
★ AppAdvice – 5/5 – "Crow is one of the best games I have ever played."
★ App-score.com – 9/10 – "Crow is one of the most visually stunning games I have seen on iOS. The graphics, music, setting and story all result in an amazing experience."
★ iFanzine – 4/5 – "Crow's world is definitely one of the most compelling I've visited on iOS."
★ Appolicious Advisor – 5/5 – "Some of the best visuals the iPhone has to offer."
★ Mactrast.com – 4/5 – "An Immensely Captivating Dark Adventure for iOS"
★★★Watch the Official Trailer: http://tinyurl.com/crowtrailer★★★
★★★Recommended for the iPad or any recent iPhone/iPod Touch (3gs, iPhone 4, 4s)★★★
Visit us at:


text:
Updated on Thursday, March 22, 2007
Next Scheduled Update by Friday, April 20, 2007
Below normal temperatures and above normal precipitation occurred across the area during the first half of February. Precipitation averaged 0.50 to 0.70 inches on the plains of western South Dakota and northeastern Wyoming. In the northern Black Hills and Bear Lodge mountains precipitation averaged 0.75 to 1.00 inches. This trend continued for areas in south central South Dakota through the end of the month. However, the pattern changed for northeastern Wyoming and western South Dakota as more seasonal temperatures and near normal precipitation amounts finished the month.
For the first half of March...above normal temperatures and below normal precipitation occurred. Precipitation amounts on the plains of western South Dakota and northeastern Wyoming averaged 0.10 to 0.25 inches. In the northern Black Hills and Bear Lodge mountains precipitation averaged 0.50 to 1.00 inches.
Drought conditions as of March 22, extreme (/D3) drought continued across the southwestern corner of South Dakota. The majority of western South Dakota was classified as being in severe (D2) drought conditions. Northeastern Wyoming and the northern Black Hills were classified as being in moderate (D1) drought.
Temperatures in February were below to much below normal across northeastern Wyoming and western South Dakota. On average temperatures were 3 to 6 degrees below normal. Precipitation during February was normal to above normal in most areas except in extreme southwestern South Dakota where precipitation amounts were less than 50 percent of normal.
Temperatures so far in March have been 4 to 7 degrees above normal. Precipitation so far has been below normal with many locations around 50 percent of normal for March.
According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), streamflows were near normal to below normal across the area.
Reservoirs around the region remain well below capacity. The table below shows reservoir percent of normal capacity and change in elevation over the past 30 days as calculated by the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR).
Reservoir | Percent of Normal | Elevation Change |
Angostura | 43% | +1.0 ft |
Belle Fourche | 47% | +3.0 ft |
Deerfield | 77% | +0.8 ft |
Keyhole | 30% | +0.8 ft |
Pactola | 59% | +1.5 ft |
Shadehill | 61% | +0.4 ft |
According to the Angostura Irrigation District reservoir levels in Angostura Reservoir are currently too low to release water for irrigation needs. Significant moisture is needed this spring to raise lake levels in order to fulfill irrigation demands this summer.
Neutral ENSO (El Nino–Southern Oscillation) conditions are expected for this spring. The outlook through May calls for above normal temperatures and near normal precipitation.
If you have any questions or comments about this drought information please contact,
Melissa Smith or Lee Czepyha
Drought Focal Points
National Weather Service
300 East Signal Drive
Rapid City South Dakota 57701
Telephone 605-341-9271
E-mail email@example.com or email@example.com
The drought monitor is a multi-agency effort involving NOAA's National Weather Service (NWS) and National Climatic Data Center, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), state and regional center climatologists, and the National Drought Mitigation Center. Information for this statement has been gathered from NWS and Federal Aviation Administration observation sites, state cooperative extension services, USDA, USBR, and USGS.


text:
Our people:
The General
Local Officers
People of the Army
The Salvation Army's membership consists of adherents (regularly attending non-members), soldiers (members), and officers (ministers/pastors).
Adherents are persons who consider The Salvation Army their place of worship. Soldiers are required to sign a declaration of faith and practice known as Articles of War and must give volunteer service to the Army.
Soldiers who have served for more than six months may apply to the School for Officers' Training and, if accepted, enroll as cadets.Upon graduation from the school, cadets become fully ordained ministers, commissioned officers, and are appointed to a place of service.
What should I do if I am interested in Christian service as a Salvation Army Officer?Call or write to:Candidates' DepartmentThe Salvation Army Territorial Headquarters1424 Northeast ExpresswayAtlanta, GA 30329Phone: 404-728-1300 ext. 494 FAX: 404-728-6751Email Or, go to the Southern Territory's Candidate's Web Page.
»Why we use military structure and uniforms
The General, based at International Headquarters in London, is the international leader of The Salvation Army and travels widely wherever the Army is active. He or she is elected by the High Council (a group of senior Salvation Army officers) for a term of five years or until the 68th birthday is reached, when he or she must retire. The Advisory Council to the General assists The General in policy making.
Back to top.
Salvation Army officers are ordained ministers serving in The Salvation Army in a professional capacity and on a full-time basis. They are members of The Salvation Army who commit their lives to doing God's will and serving others.
Officers may be single or married. If married, both husband and wife must undertake the same training, an both are ordained and commissioned upon completion of training. Single officers wishing to marry must marry within the ranks or resign their officership. Officers resigning their officership to marry may remain in The Salvation Army as soldiers and may resume their officership if the non-officer spouse elects to undertake officer training.
Officers come from all walks of life - from varying backgrounds and occupations - to complete a two year residential course at a Salvation Army Training College. Concurrent with ordination they are commissioned to the rank of captain. After fifteen years of satisfactory service they are promoted to the rank of major. Higher ranks are at the direction of the General.
The majority of officers are responsible for a Salvation Army corps community center (church), with pastoral and community service responsibilities. Officers may also serve in other Salvation Army facilities or in an administrative capacity at headquarters.
All officers receive a small standard allowance according to rank, with an added stipend calculated on the number of dependents. The amount of allowance does not vary for different appointments or levels of administrative responsibility. Quarters and transportation are provided and remain the property of The Salvation Army.
Auxiliary/Captains are persons who undertake Salvation Army officership after they reach the maximum age for acceptance into the college for officer training. After five years, an auxiliary/captain may receive a full commission. An auxiliary /captain has the same responsibilities and receives the same allowance as a regular officer.
Sergeants are Salvationists (active lay members in good standing for at least two years) who elect to work full-time for The Salvation Army in a pastoral or administrative capacity. Sergeants are employees and are not ordained or commissioned, but they may be appointed to a corps community center, where they will perform all pastoral duties except those reserved to ordained clergy.
Lay members of The Salvation Army are called soldiers. As do lay members of other churches, Salvation Army soldiers have secular professions and are typical members of the community. Upon enrollment, soldiers sign the Articles of War, which state the Army's beliefs, and they accept certain moral standards, e.g., Salvation Army soldiers do not smoke or drink alcohol. Soldiers are expected, but not required, to wear the uniform as a witness to their faith.
Children may be enrolled as Junior Soldiers. Junior Soldiers sign a covenant in which they make a confession of faith and agree to obey God, pray and read the Bible. While adults make a commitment to The Salvation Army when they become soldiers, the Junior Soldier covenant does not include this provision.
Salvationists who accept particular lay leadership responsibilities in a corps are called local officers; their positions are similar to elders in other churches. Local officers may undertake such responsibilities as corps treasurer, Sunday school teacher, youth leader and other leadership and service positions. Local officers are required to wear the uniform when carrying out the responsibilities of their position. As with volunteer lay leaders in other organizations, they receive no pay for these activities.
Adherents choose to make The Salvation Army their spiritual home and place of worship, but who do not wish to make the commitments of Salvation Army soldiership. While they may participate in all corps community activities, they may not assume official leadership positions. Adherents do not wear the uniform.
The Salvation Army requires skilled and dedicated personnel to carry on its many-faceted programs.
Employees are hired to perform clerical work in Salvation Army offices, to work in Salvation Army social service programs as professional case workers, supervise and work in Salvation Army youth programs and boys and girls clubs, and help in specialized fields such as accounting, development, and property.
The Salvation Army's work throughout the United States is greatly enhanced by volunteers.
From ringing the bell at Salvation Army kettles during the Christmas season to working with young people in character-building activities, Salvation Army volunteers run the gamut of service in every Army program. There are approximately 3.5 million volunteers registered with The Salvation Army in the U.S.
Citizens of every community, from every walk of life, greatly extend the scope of The Salvation Army's service. In short, volunteers' assistance enables The Salvation Army to meet far more needs than it could without their help.
A volunteer is a person who enters into Salvation Army service of his or her own will and does not receive any material compensation for services rendered. Volunteers provide direct service to clients and are able to focus on one task and give undivided attention to it.
Volunteers bring diversity in terms of age, race, social background, and approach. They increase the efficiency of The Salvation Army by providing "extra hands" to perform God's work.


text:
"good book"
I have read all of Brian Freeman's book and was glad to get his newest one on Audible. The story is very good with all the twists and turns his previous books are known for.
if you want a good book get this one
This was the third in the Tall Pines Mystery. I was able to follow along okay even though I did not read the others in the series.
I enjoyed this book. I did think essential oils were mentioned too much. It was an good adventure.
The main character, friends, and family members worked together to save Kitty who ended up on their doorstep
I enjoyed the third installment. John Puller is back -- with his great skills as an investigator
worth a listen. -- I did miss Julie his General friend who helped him in his last book.
there was a woman to help him who was not as good as Julie but close!
His brother was in the story and all the bad guys
"good crossover"
Jane and JoAnn very good
both -- maybe I liked Joanne better
Khristine performance was way too loud Gabras was perfect in pitch and volume but when Khristine started to read it was much louder and took away from the performance
Joanne visiting Janes soul home
good sotry. I wish the two voices were at the same volume -- hard to read
"this was one of the best books"
I enjoyed this book SO MUCH --- Virgil Flower books just get better and better.
the story was great. The narrator perfect. I have read and listened to all of the Flowers books and this was is one of the top books of all time.
listen -- you will not regret it
I enjoyed this short story -- in fact it got me to read the other two in the series.
I do not read about Zombies but these books were very good. -- thanks for the new series
"good story"
finished this book. it was good - a YA story. it more young people were the main charaters rather than YA -
I stopped in the middle - thinking I would wait to the next one so I could go straight to the next book. But decided to finish it.
I enjoyed it worth a read. though I would not call it YA
this was a good story lots of action. Some bad guys that were good!
worth a credit
the story was long but moved along nicely
I am torn -- I want to give this book a 4 star rating -- love Reacher love Lee Child --
It was good. He said nothing and beat up some bad guys. solved the crime and helped some people.
but is was based mostly over seas in France and England -- I thought he was traveling the US to see what he could see. also there was no third person talk at all -- I am not use to that. He did all the talking --
all and all a good read will read the the next one and the next.
Another good installment in the In Death series
I enjoy the stories about Eve and all of the charaters
"Enjoyed this second story about Edward"
I enjoyed this story. It was a good second book about Edward.
He has learned how to cope with life and make friends.
Worth a listen


text:
Family Quotes in Twilight
How we cite our quotes: (Chapter. Paragraph)
Quote #7
[Edward to Bella:] "You miss your mother," he whispered. "You worry about her. And when it rains, the sounds make you restless. You used to talk about home a lot, but it's less often now. Once you said, "It's too green.'" (14.78)
At this point, Phoenix feels like home. Bella still considers Forks to be her dad's town.
Quote #8
[Charlie to Bella:] "Well, you're too good for them all, anyway. Wait till you get to college to start looking." Every father's dream, that his daughter will be out of the house before the hormones kick in. (14.116)
Sometimes, Charlie and Bella act like a normal father/daughter pair. Here, Charlie is being a protective dad.
Quote #9
[Bella to Edward:] "You said that Rosalie and Emmett will get married soon...Is that…marriage...the same as it is for humans?" (14.265)
Bella asks what marriage is like for vampires. Without saying it explicitly, she's trying to find out what the future might have in store for her.


text:
News spread quickly of�the�strange case in Central Texas; immediately, Missy was rendered a caricature: "Sperm Mom." All�the�usual suspects—Perez Hilton and Howard Stern—weighed in, but so did some less usual ones, including a university professor who speculated about Missy's emotional needs for a "replacement child." Her hometown newspaper,�the�state's second-largest,�The�Dallas Morning News,�called her "ghoulish" and "bizarre," and editorialized that "increasingly,�the�only solid rule of bioethics is: If it can be done, it will be done. Is this really�the�kind of world we want to live in—and die in?" News crews rumbled across Austin to find Missy. Her story was picked up in brief form and retold in newspapers and blogs and chat Web sites around�the�world, its appeal singularly gothic, even Frankensteinian. At one point Missy's cell phone rang. It was an evangelical minister. "I wanted to let you know," he told her, "that child will be�the devil's spawn."
As�the�sun set over�the�Texas Hill Country that day, however, more than twenty-four hours after Nikolas Evans's body had been disconnected from life support, all of that struck Missy as immaterial. On�the�Mueller law firm's sweeping veranda, she and her team juggled beer bottles and cigarettes, their Yellow Pages opened to�U�for urologists. On�the�rare occasions they could get any answer at all, each and every doctor said he was sorry; there was no way he could help.
Elizabeth Houser, M.D., was in�the�operating room�the�next day when Missy's mother called. A blond-haired 53-year-old urologist, Houser had read about Nikolas's death in�the�paper. In spite of�the�rancor by then swirling around Missy, upon receiving�the�call she'd thought of�the�oath she'd sworn years ago,�Above all do no harm: How could I harm this boy by granting his mother's wish?�She called Tom Turner, an Austin embryologist with whom she frequently worked, and asked him whether he'd be willing to assist her. He agreed.
Some fifty hours after Nik's body had been removed from life support, Houser and Turner arrived at�the morgue. They were led to a wall of metal doors, one of which was opened so that Nik's body could be pulled out.
Houser went to work on�the�gurney there. She had no surgical team, so she did�the�preparatory work herself. She made�the�incision in�the�scrotum—there was no heartbeat and therefore virtually no blood flow—and removed each of Nik's testes whole, including�the�structures around them, especially�the�epididymal tubules, where sperm is stored. She dropped them into a liquid that nourishes sperm.
Turner drove�the�testes back to his lab in a group of white limestone office buildings off�the�highway north of Austin. Inside, he dissected�the�tissues and deposited them into solution in two-inch-long plastic vials. He packed them in liquid nitrogen. By�the�following morning, all that would remain of Nikolas Evans's physical existence—the�cellular material containing�the�code for�the�development of his offspring—arrived at California Cryobank, where for a long time it would sit frozen and undisturbed.
Part II: Born Again
At 9:45 P.M. on March 3, 2004, Russ Renaud was standing in front of his microwave in his two-bedroom house forty miles west of San Antonio when a crushing pain bore down on his chest. He collapsed. Unbeknownst to him, a bit of plaque had become lodged at a bend in one of his coronary arteries, a spot where�the�arterial tunnel was profoundly narrowed. By�the�time he arrived at�the�emergency room with his wife, Eve,�the�chambers of his heart were beating in opposition, racing, succumbing to irregular patterns incapable of profusing his body—and most importantly his brain—with blood. A doctor placed two paddles on him, shouted for everyone to move away from�the�bed. As he repeated�the�process, and as Renaud lay in the�bed ostensibly unconscious—his mouth agape and eyes closed, his body jerking with each electrocution—in his mind he saw a vivid and total view of�the�room and of himself lying in it,�the�doctors and nurses working furiously over him. What he felt was ecstasy.
Russ, then 64, awoke many hours later at a hospital in downtown San Antonio with no other recollection, not even of�the�helicopter ride that had brought him there. He'd suffered devastating damage to his heart muscle and function. His doctors approximated its life span at three to five years.
And indeed, by February 2008, after months in and out of�the�hospital, Russ was told by his doctors that there was no treatment left but transplant. They cautioned that it wasn't a sure thing: Nearly one in five of those on Texas's heart-transplant list die before an organ becomes available. Russ endured extensive testing before joining�the�list in June. By then he was dying. Reduced from 165 to 130 pounds, his skin translucent, he spent most days at home, attached to an IV, peeing in a bottle beside his bed. When�the phone rang at two o'clock in�the�morning of April 6, 2009, Russ was much too sick to get up. Eve answered. She screamed.
Speeding through�the�dark scrubland to San Antonio, ecstatic, anxious, and finally remorseful, they joined hands in�the�light of�the�dashboard, praying for�the�brave family somewhere in Texas whose generosity might enable Russ to live, praying, though they could not know it, for a mother lying 100 miles away in a hospital bed beside�the�body of her brain-dead 21-year-old son.
With friends and family gathered at�the�hospital entrance while Russ was being prepped for surgery inside, his team of doctors arrived with�the�heart. As they came running by, clutching a red cooler, Russ's family burst out cheering; a doctor offered that�the�heart was "beautiful." Six floors up, Russ lay unconscious, naked, his body opened and temporarily heartless, machines breathing and circulating his blood for him.�The surgeon lifted�the�ice-cold heart from a stainless-steel bowl. Four hours later, before an electrical shock could be delivered directly to restart it,�the�heart began beating spontaneously on its own. Seventeen days later Russ, his breath regular, his skin pink and warm, walked out of�the�hospital with Nikolas Evans's heart beating inside him.
His recovery was extraordinary. Within a couple of months, he joined a gym and began walking on a treadmill. Not long after, almost inexplicably, he felt�the�urge to run, first short distances, then a mile, then miles, then 10Ks; a year in, he began planning his first half marathon. He and Eve began traveling. He told her he felt born again.
Russ thought constantly about his donor, who he was, how he'd died, who his family was, and what his life had been like. In March 2010, a month shy of�the�one-year anniversary of his transplant, Russ began writing a letter to�the�anonymous family, which�the�Texas Organ Sharing Alliance would receive and forward along. Over and over and over he revised. He wrote:
To�the�family that blessed me with a beautiful heart... That heart is helping me write to you to try to convey how deeply I feel about your terrible loss and how thankful and appreciative I am.... Every day, I pray for your family and�the�loss of your loved one and thank God for your decision....
He mailed it off and waited anxiously.
When I flew to Texas last December to meet her, Missy, now 44, told me receiving Russ's letter had intensely unsettled her. We were sitting in a sushi restaurant outside downtown Dallas, each of us drinking beer; Missy, petite and friendly, wore oversize black mod-style glasses and an oversize white crocheted hat. She said her initial reaction upon learning Russ's age was outrage, outrage that a man so old ended up with a heart so young. After exchanging more letters and talking with him on�the�phone, however, she agreed to meet him. On September 11, 2010, in a restaurant halfway between San Antonio and Austin, Russ offered Missy his chest. Trembling, she put her hand to it. Recalling that day, Missy told me feeling�the�heart beating inside Russ's chest—a heart that had formed inside her body all those years ago—forced her to admit, in a way she was not prepared to, that, "it was true. Nik was dead. And he was never coming back." She said that while she'd grown to like Russ and understood why he wanted to build a relationship with her, doing so had been difficult.
The�time after Nik's death had been bleak, Missy told me. For several months she funneled all her emotion into finding his killer, spending all $80,000 of her savings, driving back and forth constantly from Austin, walking up and down 6th Street with fliers, posting giant billboards with Nik's picture and�the�question, "Do you know who killed me?" When justice finally came, after an almost yearlong police investigation, however, it would prove illusory. An anonymous call led to a suspect named Eric Skeeter, a 30-year-old Goodwill employee whose life had spiraled after being discharged from�the�army. Fearing a lack of witness cooperation,�the�state agreed to a manslaughter plea bargain. Skeeter, crying in court, said he did not know why he'd punched Nik that night and had never intended to kill him. He was sentenced, effectively, to time already served and ten years' probation.
Missy now lives with her boyfriend, Jeff, and her son Ryan in a two-bedroom apartment near Dallas, no closer to California than she was two years ago. Ryan is enrolled at a nearby ITT Technical Institute. I met him only briefly, when Missy called him out of his room. He said hello, shook my hand, and then went immediately into�the�shower. Missy told me later that Ryan was incredulous she'd agreed to talk to me, after all�the�press had put them through. She said she knew how badly Ryan was hurting, but that he'd categorically refused to open up. She hardly blamed him. Missy herself had listed terribly for a time. She did not leave her bed for a year except to drive to Austin. She tried to kill herself. When, a few months later, her dog Tigger looked up at her, she dropped to�the�floor and spent�the�entire night there with him, bawling, petting and calling�the�dog Nik—she believed wholeheartedly at that moment Nik was with her—telling him how much she loved and missed him.


text:
Kim Pyne is the coordinator of Elon's English Teacher Licensure program, preparing the next generation of seocndary and middle grades English teachers. She teaches senior pedagogy courses and works closely with students during their full-time teaching internship (student teaching), as well as teaching a variety of other literature and composition courses, including "Hogwarts for Muggles: The Phenomenon of Harry Potter" (ENG 272) and the winter term study abroad literature and history course in Ireland (ENG 253/GST295).
She is also the Assistant Director of Academic Programs for the Elon Academy, a non-profit college access and success program for students in the local public high schools. In this role, she oversees academic curriculum, recruits, trains, and supports summer faculty, and currently teaches college planning courses in summer and year-round programs. A former English teacher in the Alamance-Burlington Schools, her current teaching, service, and research centers on issues of racial, ethinic, and socioeconimic equity in public and higher education.
Outside of Elon, she works as volunteer staff at the Conservators' Center, offering tours and educational programs about wildlife and wildlife conservation and acting as lead handler for a small pack of grey wolves and the people who work with them. From tiger rescue to teaching literature, she tends to enjoy the divergent directions her work takes her.
Ph.D. in Education (Culture, Curriculum, and Change) University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Areas of Specialization: English Education, Teacher Education, Critical Multiculturalism, Social Foundations, Educational Technology, Qualitative Research
M.A. in English (Literature) Purdue University Areas of Study: Holocaust Literature, Contemporary Drama, Contemporary Poetry
B.A. in English (Secondary Teacher Licensure) Minors: Theatre Arts, Philosophy, & History Elon College
English Department, Elon University ENG 363 Teaching Literature: Canons, Cultures, and Classrooms ENG 355 Fantasy Novel ENG 272 Hogwarts for Muggles: The Phenomenon of Harry Potter ENG 253/GST 295 Ireland: An Introduction to Literature, Culture, and History (Study Abroad) ENG 110 College Writing
Education Department, Elon University EDU 481 Student Teaching EDU 421 Methods of Teaching Middle Grades and High School English MED 540 Literature for Children & Youth: Analysis and Application (M.Ed. program)
Education Department, Meredith University EDUC 232 Foundations of American Education
School of Education, UNC-Chapel Hill EDUC 116 Re-Inventing Teaching (M.Ed. Program) EDUC 245 Methods & Materials for Teaching Secondary/K-12 English II (M.A.T. Program) EDUC 244 Student Teaching Practica EDUC 023 Teachers & Texts: Issues in Education EDUC 022 Language, Cultures & Classrooms
English Department, Purdue University ENGL 101 General Composition ENGL 102 Research Writing
Research Interests
English teacher education Adolescent literacy College access and success; college readiness Critical multiculturalism & equity in education
Ongoing projects:
With Darris Means -- "After Access: First Year College Narratives"
This study follows ten first-generation, low-income students beyond their experiences in an intensive college access program and through their first-year of college. Taking a phenomenological approach, it seeks to better understand the nature of the first-year experience for these students, investigating the ways in which they make meaning of their successes and struggles, as well as their shifting definitions of their college-going selves. The study adds to research on underrepresented populations in the transitional first year, and it also to informs college access and success initiatives by centering attention on the complex narratives told by those who experience the first year from the inside. The project is in the data analysis and report stages.
With Mary Alice Scott and Darris Means -- "Transformation at the Intersections: Investigating a Youth Participatory Action Research Project"
This study is part of a year-long youth participatory action research (YPAR) project with underrepresented youth as part of the Elon Academy academic program. Students conducted qualitative research on issues of college access in their local community, specifically focusing on the intersections of race, class, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship status and other social locations to map the complexity of college access issues across the lived experiences of students both inside and outside of a college access program. This meta-study focuses on three sets of questions. First, how do students' multiple social locations present barriers to and opportunities for college access and success? Second, do students' perceptions of barriers to and opportunities for college access and success change as a result of collaboration in a participatory research project? If so, how? And third, do students develop academic skills and capacities that will increase their odds of graduating from college through the process of participating in an authentic inquiry project? This project is in the data analysis and report stages
Scott, M.A., Pyne, K., Means, D., Long, D., & LaPlante, K. (2011). Elon Academy Book Project, $5,050 grant received from Elon University's Associate Provost Office. For publicaton of a research manuscript by high school students with a financial need and/or no family history of college. Available at online here.
Carpenter, J. Pyne, K. & Richardson, J. (2011). Shared Classroom Experience as Methods Text. $4,500 grant received from the Center for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning. For collaborative investigation about shared classroom observations and teaching in a pre-service teacher Methods practicum.
Long, D., Means, D., Flinn, L., Williams, L., & Pyne, K. (2010). Elon University Summer Bridge Programs, $20,000 federal grant received from the North Carolina Independent Colleges and Universities. For creating summer bridge programs for students with a financial need and/or no family history of college.
Moore, J. Pyne, K., & Patch, P. (2010). Assessing Student Learning in a Modified Section of ENG 110. $2500 grant received from the Center for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning. Teaching and Learning.
Long, D., Means, D., & Pyne, K. (2009). Elon Academy Transitions to College Program, $14, 972 federal grant received from the North Carolina Independent Colleges and Universities. For developing a transition to college program for students with a financial need and/or no family history of college.
Pyne, K.B. & Means, D.R. (2013). Underrepresented and in/visible: A first-generation Hispanic student's narratives of college. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education.
Pyne, K.B., Scott, M.A, & Long, D. (2013). From structural inequalities to speaking out: Youth participatory action research in college access collaborations. PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagment, 2(1). Available online.
Moore, J., Pyne, K.B. & Patch, P. (2013) Writing the transition to college: A summer college writing experience at Elon University. Composition Forum, 27,online. Available online.
Pyne, K. (June 2012). Reading and college readiness. Educational Leadership, 69(9). Available online.
Pyne, K., Scott, M.A., Means, D. and O'Brien, M. (Dec. 2011). From individuals to agents: Youth participatory research as access to equity. Anthropology News, December Counsil of Anthropology and Education News, Dec. 2011. Available online.
Pyne, K. & Shoffner, M. (2009). Living in the liminal spaces: Lessons learned as supervisors of English student teachers. In A. Webb (Ed.), The doctoral degree in English education. Kennesaw, GA, Kennesaw State University Press.
Long, D., Means, D., & Pyne, K. (2008). College by design: A university-community partnership." Educational Leadership, 66(2).
Pyne, K., Richardson, J., & Carpenter, J. (2013, February). "Making teacher thinking visible: Shared classroom experiences in teacher education." Presentation at the Association of Colleges and Teacher Educators, Orlando, FL.
Pyne, K, & Means, D. (2012, November). "After access: First-generation, low-income students of color and the shaping of the first-year college identities." Research paper presented at the Association for the Study of Higher Education's Council on Ethnic Participation Pre-Conference, Las Vegas, NV.
Pyne, K., Means, D., & Laplante, K. (2012, March). "College by design: Learning what works for marginalized students." Presentation at the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development annual conference, Philadelphia, PA.
Pyne, K., Scott, M.A., & LaPlante, K. (2011, November). "Shaping identities, seeing futures: Teaching and learning about intersectionality and college access through participatory research Presentation at the National Association of Multicultural Education annual conference, Chicago, IL."
Means, D., Pyne, K., & Scott, M.A. (2011, March). "Transformations at the intersections: Preliminary findings in a participatory research project on educational transformation among underserved high school students." Presentation at the Society for Applied Anthropology annual conference, Seattle, WA.
Pyne., K. and Shoffner, M. (2008, November). "Making the shift from isolated individual to collaborative community with pre-service English teachers." Presentation at the Annual Convention of the National Council of Teachers of English, San Antonio, TX.
Pyne, K. (2008, August). "The professors' roundtable: Conversations in the pedagogy of Potter." Presentation at Terminus 2008, Chicago, IL.
Pyne, K. (2007, November). "When critical literacy, creativity, and collaboration converge: A muggle professor's lessons from Hogwarts." Presentation at the Annual Convention of the National Council of Teachers of English, New York, NY.
Pyne, K. (2007, August). "Hogwarts for Muggles: Teaching Harry Potter as College Literature." Presentation at Prophecy 2007, the Annual Conference of the Harry Potter Educational Fanon, Inc., Toronto, Canada.
Pyne, K. & Shoffner, M. (2006 , November) "Learning together: Using weblogs to support teacher reading groups." Presentation at the Annual Convention of the National Council of Teachers of English, Nashville, TN.
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