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The Long Wait for Wage Gains
Officially, the U.S. economy has been in expansion since June 2009. Many people find this hard to believe. One reason is that wages have either been flat or falling for much of the period.
A recent study of real hourly wage trends over the period 2007 to 2014 by the Economic Policy Institute (EPI) documents this reality. The 2007 period marks the end of the previous expansion; the recession started in December 2007. The charts below highlight the results of their study.
This first chart shows that only those in the top wage percentile have enjoyed an increase in real hourly wages since 2007. Moreover, almost all groups are currently experiencing real declines in earnings. The exception is the bottom percentile and, according to the EPI, "a series of state-level minimum wage increases" is the main reason for their recent gains.
The following two charts separate the labor force by gender. Again, we see gains only for the top percentile. Men have experienced steeper declines in hourly earnings than women, although male wages remain higher than female wages.
The last chart looks at real wage trends by education.
As the EPI study explains:
It is clear that those in every education category experienced falling or stagnant wages since 2007. In fact, real hourly wages have declined for 90 percent of the workforce with four-year college degrees since 2007 (not shown). From 2000 to 2014, real wages of the 90th percentile of this group only increased 4.0 percent cumulatively.
The data do show that college graduates have fared slightly better than high school graduates since 2007. This is not because of spectacular gains in the wages of college graduates, but because college-graduate wages fell more slowly than the wages of high school graduates. Notably, despite wage declines in both 2013 and 2014, those with advanced degrees are the only ones who have returned to their 2007 real wage levels.
These trends only highlight the mean spirited nature of current attacks on unions and resistance to raising minimum wages.
Class Interests and Economic Policy
The conventional wisdom is clear—our economic policies should aim at boosting profits. Success will translate into investment and jobs. Unfortunately for us, the conventional wisdom is wrong.
Profits are up and so is the stock market, but investment, job creation, and wages all remain flat. Corporate managers are just not interested in investing firm profits in new plant and equipment. They have a better use for them, one that more directly speaks to their interests as well as those of the stock holders they represent.
William Lazonick, writing in the Harvard Business Review, offers one important explanation for what is happening and why:
The allocation of corporate profits to stock buybacks deserves much of the blame [for the trends noted above]. Consider the 449 companies in the S&P 500 index that were publicly listed from 2003 through 2012. During that period those companies used 54% of their earnings—a total of $2.4 trillion—to buy back their own stock, almost all through purchases on the open market. Dividends absorbed an additional 37% of their earnings. That left very little for investments in productive capabilities or higher incomes for employees.
Why are such massive resources being devoted to stock repurchases? . . . . Stock-based instruments make up the majority of [corporate executive] pay, and in the short term buybacks drive up stock prices. In 2012 the 500 highest-paid executives named in proxy statements of U.S. public companies received, on average, $30.3 million each; 42% of their compensation came from stock options and 41% from stock awards. By increasing the demand for a company's shares, open-market buybacks automatically lift its stock price, even if only temporarily, and can enable the company to hit quarterly earnings per share (EPS) targets.
As a result, the very people we rely on to make investments in the productive capabilities that will increase our shared prosperity are instead devoting most of their companies' profits to uses that will increase their own prosperity—with unsurprising results. Even when adjusted for inflation, the compensation of top U.S. executives has doubled or tripled since the first half of the 1990s, when it was already widely viewed as excessive. Meanwhile, overall U.S. economic performance has faltered.
The Pharmaceutical industry is a case in point.
In response to complaints that U.S. drug prices are at least twice those in any other country, Pfizer and other U.S. pharmaceutical companies have argued that the profits from these high prices—enabled by a generous intellectual-property regime and lax price regulation—permit more R&D to be done in the United States than elsewhere. Yet from 2003 through 2012, Pfizer funneled an amount equal to 71% of its profits into buybacks, and an amount equal to 75% of its profits into dividends. In other words, it spent more on buybacks and dividends than it earned and tapped its capital reserves to help fund them. The reality is, Americans pay high drug prices so that major pharmaceutical companies can boost their stock prices and pad executive pay.
The takeaway here is that boosting profits is not the means to promote the general interest. If we want more and better jobs we need appropriate public sector investments to stimulate and restructure our economy as well as new labor supporting workplace and wage policies.
The Federal Budget In Pictures
The following charts, taken from a National Priorities Project post, highlight our federal budget priorities.
As the post explains:
President Obama recently released his fiscal year 2016 budget proposal. Budgets are about our nation's priorities: What are we going to spend money on? How are we going to raise the money we want to spend?
Though the budget ultimately enacted by Congress may look very different from the budget request released by the president, the president's budget is important. It's the president's vision for the country in fiscal year 2016 and beyond, and it reflects input and spending requests from every federal agency.
Here's a look at the overall proposed budget:
Here's a look at the allocation of discretionary tax dollars:
Here"s a look at the relative balance of military and non-military discretionary spending over time:
Here's a look at the structure of taxes supporting federal spending:
Victory in Greece
Syriza won the Greek election and its leader, Alexis Tsipras, is now prime minister—the Greek people showed bravery and intelligence and we should be studying as well as supporting the efforts of Syriza and the Greek people to build a responsive, democratic, and solidaristic economy.
What follows are some articles that I have found helpful in understanding current developments.
Social and economic conditions and popular responses to them in pre-election Greece:
Few in Greece, even five years ago, would have imagined their recession- and austerity-ravaged country as it is now: 1.3 million people – 26% of the workforce – without a job (and most of them without benefits); wages down by 38% on 2009, pensions by 45%, GDP by a quarter; 18% of the country's population unable to meet their food needs; 32% below the poverty line.
And just under 3.1 million people, 33% of the population, without national health insurance. . . .
The Peristeri health centre is one of 40 that have sprung up around Greece since the end of mass anti-austerity protests in 2011. Using donated drugs – state medicine reimbursements have been slashed by half, so even patients with insurance are now paying 70% more for their drugs – and medical equipment (Peristeri's ultrasound scanner came from a German aid group, its children's vaccines from France), the 16 clinics in the Greater Athens area alone treat more than 30,000 patients a month.
The clinics in turn are part of a far larger and avowedly political movement of well over 400 citizen-run groups – food solidarity centres, social kitchens, cooperatives, "without middlemen" distribution networks for fresh produce, legal aid hubs, education classes – that has emerged in response to the near-collapse of Greece's welfare state, and has more than doubled in size in the past three years.
Full text: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/23/greece-solidarity-movement-cooperatives-syriza
Syriza's platform:
- Audit of the public debt and renegotiation of interest due and suspension of payments until the economy has revived and growth and employment return.
- Demand the European Union to change the role of the European Central Bank so that it finances states and programs of public investment.
- Raise income tax to 75% for all incomes over 500,000 euros.
- Change the election laws to a proportional system.
- Increase taxes on big companies to that of the European average.
- Adoption of a tax on financial transactions and a special tax on luxury goods.
- Prohibition of speculative financial derivatives.
- Abolition of financial privileges for the Church and shipbuilding industry.
- Combat the banks' secret [measures] and the flight of capital abroad.
- Cut drastically military expenditures.
- Raise minimum salary to the pre-cut level, 750 euros per month.
- Use buildings of the government, banks and the Church for the homeless.
- Open dining rooms in public schools to offer free breakfast and lunch to children.
- Free health benefits to the unemployed, homeless and those with low salaries.
- Subvention up to 30% of mortgage payments for poor families who cannot meet payments.
- Increase of subsidies for the unemployed. Increase social protection for one-parent families, the aged, disabled, and families with no income.
- Fiscal reductions for goods of primary necessity.
- Nationalisation of banks.
- Nationalisation of ex-public (service & utilities) companies in strategic sectors for the growth of the country (railroads, airports, mail, water).
- Preference for renewable energy and defence of the environment.
- Equal salaries for men and women.
- Limitation of precarious hiring and support for contracts for indeterminate time.
- Extension of the protection of labour and salaries of part-time workers.
- Recovery of collective (labour) contracts.
- Increase inspections of labour and requirements for companies making bids for public contracts.
- Constitutional reforms to guarantee separation of church and state and protection of the right to education, health care and the environment.
- Referendums on treaties and other accords with Europe.
- Abolition of privileges for parliamentary deputies. Removal of special juridical protection for ministers and permission for the courts to proceed against members of the government.
- Demilitarisation of the Coast Guard and anti-insurrectional special troops. Prohibition for police to wear masks or use fire arms during demonstrations. Change training courses for police so as to underline social themes such as immigration, drugs and social factors.
- Guarantee human rights in immigrant detention centres.
- Facilitate the reunion of immigrant families.
- Depenalisation of consumption of drugs in favor of battle against drug traffic. Increase funding for drug rehab centres.
- Regulate the right of conscientious objection in draft laws.
- Increase funding for public health up to the average European level.(The European average is 6% of GDP; in Greece 3%.)
- Elimination of payments by citizens for national health services.
- Nationalisation of private hospitals. Elimination of private participation in the national health system.
- Withdrawal of Greek troops from Afghanistan and the Balkans. No Greek soldiers beyond our own borders.
- Abolition of military cooperation with Israel. Support for creation of a Palestinian state within the 1967 borders.
- Negotiation of a stable accord with Turkey.
- Closure of all foreign bases in Greece and withdrawal from NATO.
Source: http://links.org.au/node/4265
The story behind Syriza's victory:
Syriza's victory has electrified the left in Europe – even moderate social democrats who have floundered in search of ideas and inspiration since the 2008 crisis. Now there is talk everywhere of "doing a Syriza" – and in Spain, where the leftist party Podemos is scoring 25% in the polls, more than talk.
But Syriza's route to becoming Europe's first far-left government of modern times was neither easy nor inevitable. For the past 22 days, I have been part of a Greek documentary team following its activists and leaders on the campaign trail to watch how they did it. I have seen them offering new hope to farmers on the breadline, and drumming up supplies for their network of food banks. I have watched them win over old-school communists in the dockers' union, smarting from seeing their workplace sold off to the Chinese, and present a modern, youthful alternative to a political establishment serving a corrupt elite. And I have seen their leader, Alexis Tsipras, in action in his private office at critical moments. . . .
In the weak January sun, the mountains along the Gulf of Corinth are topped with snow. Dotted along the hillsides are villages known as political "castles", normally so wedded to one or other of the main parties – Pasok and New Democracy – that you could navigate at election time by following the posters. But this is a troubled land; two-thirds of the vineyards and lemon groves here are technically in foreclosure. The farmers have been forced to take morgtgages, the banks are clamouring to repossess and suicides in these quiet farming towns are on the up.
Giannis Tsogkas, a 56-year-old grape grower from Assos, tells us: "[The government] pushed us into the IMF deal and all they do is obey the rightwingers. The little man will die. We keep hearing about suicides. So we tried to find somebody on the left to protect us. And we found it in Syriza."
As night falls, the taverna in nearby Psari is full of the old and children – most of the young adults are gone. The battered faces of farmers on the breadline stare cautiously as one Syriza man delivers a Bolshevik-style oration: "Why do the IMF want to destroy us? Is it because the sun shines here? Is it because we're a hospitable people? Do they hate southern European life?"
But, says election candidate Theofanis Kourembes, it's not rhetoric that has turned villages like this red. "We go out and help people. When they tell us something, we listen. When they ask for help, we are here. You never see Pasok or New Democracy."
It's small meetings like this, miles from the main towns, that have helped turn Syriza from a party polling 4% 10 years ago to, by the last week of campaigning, a party leading on 32%.
"You journalists have come all the way up here to interview us," says one farmer. "Syriza is the only party that did the same. They came and talked to us. If we wanted to talk to the main parties, how would we find them?"
Full Text: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/28/greek-people-wrote-history-how-syriza-rose-to-power
Syriza's Cabinet:
Greece's prime minister, Alexis Tsipras, has lined up a formidable coterie of academics, human rights advocates, mavericks and visionaries to participate in Europe's first anti-austerity government.
Displaying few signs of backing down from pledges to dismantle punitive belt-tightening measures at the heart of the debt-choked country's international rescue programme, the leftwing radical put together a 40-strong cabinet clearly aimed at challenging Athens's creditors.
Full Text: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/27/greece-alexis-tsipras-syriza-cabinet
Syriza appears serious—much to the surprise and dismay of the European elite:
In his first act as prime minister on Monday, Alexis Tsipras visited the war memorial in Kaisariani where 200 Greek resistance fighters were slaughtered by the Nazis in 1944.
The move did not go unnoticed in Berlin. Nor did Tsipras's decision hours later to receive the Russian ambassador before meeting any other foreign official.
Then came the announcement that radical academic Yanis Varoufakis, who once likened German austerity policies to "fiscal waterboarding", would be taking over as Greek finance minister. A short while later, Tsipras delivered another blow, criticising an EU statement that warned Moscow of new sanctions.
The assumption in German Chancellor Angela Merkel's entourage before Sunday's Greek election was that Tsipras, the charismatic leader of the far-left Syriza party, would eke out a narrow victory, struggle to form a coalition, and if he managed to do so, shift quickly from confrontation to compromise mode.
Instead, after cruising to victory and clinching a fast-track coalition deal with the right-wing Independent Greeks party, he has signalled in his first days in office that he has no intention of backing down, unsettling officials in Berlin, some of whom admit to shock at the 40-year-old's fiery start.
"No doubt about it, we were surprised by the size of the Syriza victory and the speed with which Tsipras clinched a coalition," said one senior German official, who requested anonymity because of the sensitivity of the issue. . . .
Even as Greek stocks plunged and bond yields soared on Wednesday, Tsipras continued to promise "radical" change.
Over the past 24 hours, his government has put two big privatisations, of Piraeus port and Greece's biggest utility, on ice, and his ministers have pledged to raise pensions and rehire fired public sector workers.
Full Text: http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/28/us-greece-politics-germany-idUSKBN0L121R20150128
Now the euphoria in Greece has subsided, it is being matched by astonishment in Berlin and the European Union institutions.
On its first day in government yesterday, Syriza cancelled a privatisation progamme of the ports and energy sector, pledged to re-employ around 15,000 workers, and announced minimum wage and pension rises costing around 12bn euros.
The astonishment in Europe cannot be expained by lack of foreknowledge. Numerous journalists who cover Greece, including me, reported in detail what Syriza planned to do: cancel the austerty and privatisations, run a balanced budget and massively hike the tax take from the so-called oligarchs and the black economy.
The astonishment comes because all the political centre's contingency plans come apart. The centre-right did not win, the centre-left parties formed to create a moderation mechanism on Syriza in coalition did not get asked into the government (and in the case of Papandreou's party, To Kinima, failed to get into parliament).
By tying up an immediate coalition with a far-right nationalist party, Tsipras was able to seize the apparatus of the Greek executive faster than anybody expected. That is what drove yesterday's collapse of Greek bank shares, and the fall on the stock exchange.
Most market analysts thought before the election that Syriza would be forced into a U-turn. As someone who has grilled all of its economics team on camera, and Mr Tsipras himself, I can report they have no intention of backing down.
Full Text: http://blogs.channel4.com/paul-mason-blog/tsipras-reverse-shock-doctrine/3155#sthash.NNCqsjkx.dpuf
Might Spain be next with a Podemos election victory?
Something is happening in Spain. A party that did not exist one year ago, Podemos, with a clear left-wing program, would win a sufficient number of votes to gain a majority in Spanish Parliament if an election were held today. Meanwhile, the leaders of the group G-20 attending their annual meeting in Australia were congratulating the president of the Spanish conservative-neoliberal government, Mr. Mariano Rajoy, for the policies that his government had imposed. (I use the term "imposed" because none of these policies were written in its electoral program.) These included: (1) the largest cuts in public social expenditures(dismantling the underfunded Spanish welfare state) ever seen since democracy was established in Spain in 1978 and (2) the toughest labor reforms, which have substantially deteriorated labor market conditions. Salaries have declined by 10% since the Great Recession started in 2007, and unemployment has hit an all-time record of 26% (52% among the youth). The percentage of what the trade unions defined as "shit work" (temporary, precarious work) has increased, becoming the majority of new contracts in the labor market (more than 52% of all contracts), and 66% of unemployed people do not have any form of unemployment insurance or public assistance.
Full Text: http://www.counterpunch.org/2015/01/09/what-is-going-on-in-spain/
Taxes and Politics
Americans have become increasingly critical of public policy as a means of addressing social problems. Many believe that public policies do not work but the reality is that public policies are often subverted in ways that make them ineffective or even counterproductive.
Take taxes and inequality. As Danny Vinik, writing in the New Republic explains:
The vast majority of Americans—both liberals and conservatives—believe that state and local taxes should also be progressive. That's the finding of a new report released by WalletHub Monday. The researchers surveyed 1,050 Americans on what they thought the combined rate of state and local taxes should be at various income levels. Not surprisingly, liberals want the rate structure to be a bit more progressive than conservatives do, but their responses [as the following chart shows] were relatively similar:
However the reality is quite different. State and local taxes are actually quite regressive. The Institute for Taxation and Economic Policy studied the "fairness of state and local tax systems by measuring the state and local taxes that will be paid in 2015 by different [non-elderly] income groups as a share of their incomes." They did this state by state and, as presented below, on an overall basis. As we can see, the lower the income, the greater the state and local tax burden.
Here are some of the report's key findings:
- Virtually every state tax system is fundamentally unfair, taking a much greater share of income from low- and middle-income families than from wealthy families. The absence of a graduated personal income tax and overreliance on consumption taxes exacerbate this problem.
- In the 10 states with the most regressive tax structures (the Terrible 10) the bottom 20 percent pay up to seven times as much of their income in taxes as their wealthy counterparts. Washington State is the most regressive, followed by Florida, Texas, South Dakota, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Arizona, Kansas, and Indiana.
- Heavy reliance on sales and excise taxes are characteristics of the most regressive state tax systems. Six of the 10 most regressive states derive roughly half to two-thirds of their tax revenue from sales and excise taxes, compared to a national average of roughly one-third . Five of these states do not levy a broad-based personal income tax (four do not have any taxes on personal income and one state only applies its personal income tax to interest and dividends) while four have a personal income tax rate structure that is flat or virtually flat.
- States commended as "low tax" are often high tax states for low-and middle-income families. The 10 states with the highest taxes on the poor are Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, and Washington. Seven of these are also among the "terrible ten" because they are not only high tax for the poorest, but low tax for the wealthiest.
In short, we know how to construct tax policies that can boost equality or at least minimize inequality. The reason the overwhelming majority of state and local governments preside over regressive tax systems is primarily explained by politics, and those who benefit from those systems are more than happy to have us believe that governments are incapable of serving the public interest.
Inequality, Economists, and Capitalism
Most economists now recognize that income and wealth inequality has significantly increased over the last few decades. Many, however, refuse to see it as a problem.
Several sessions at the January 2015 annual meeting of the American Economic Association [AEA] addressed French economist Thomas Piketty's book Capital in the Twenty-First Century which highlighted both the growth of inequality and its negative consequences. Piketty works within the established framework of mainstream economics and his call for a global wealth tax is far from a challenge to the existing system. Yet his argument that capitalism left unchecked produces a steady and destructive growth in inequality doesn't appear to sit well with many leading economists. [Useful reviews of the book are here and here.]
A case in point: one panel at the AEA meeting was organized by the influential Harvard economist Greg Mankiw, the author of widely used introductory and intermediate economics textbooks. Chuck Collins, from the Institute of Policy Studies, described the panel session as follows:
Three neoclassical economist critics, assembled by Mankiw, embarrassed themselves by quibbling with the incontrovertible evidence of growing concentrations of wealth and surging plutocratic trends.
As an outsider to academic economics, I was struck by just how compartmentalized and smug the field appears. At one point, Mankiw even put up a slide, "Is Wealth Inequality a Problem?" Any economist who ventures across the disciplinary ramparts will, of course, find a veritable genre of research on the dangerous impacts of extreme inequality.
We now have over two decades of powerful evidence that details how these inequalities are making us sick, undermining our democracy, slowing traditional measures of economic growth, and turning our political system into a plutocracy.
Mankiw, at another point in his presentation, had still more embarrassing comments to make. Piketty, he intoned, must "hate the rich." Piketty's financial success with his best-selling book, Mankiw added, just might lead to self-loathing.
There can be little doubt as to the growth in inequality as the following charts demonstrate. The first chart shows that the top 1 percent of households boosted their share of all pre-tax income from 8.9 percent in 1976 to 22.46 percent in 2012.
The second shows changes in real family income between 1979 and 2012. While the top 5 percent saw their real incomes grow 74.9 percent, the bottom 40 percent suffered actual declines.
While those at the top may not find these trends problematic, I don't think that long arguments are needed to establish that those suffering from declining living and working conditions do.
At issue is the cause of these trends and the appropriate response to them. One obstacle to clarity is the fact that most economists, even liberal ones, refuse to acknowledge the limits or perhaps better said blinders of mainstream economics. See here for an example. And Piketty's work for all its benefits in documenting inequality trends suffers from the same limitations. As the economist Michael Roberts explains:
The real problem is that Piketty's explanation for rising inequality is faulty and his proposals for action either utopian or ineffective. This is where the heterodox/Marxist view of inequality comes in. While the likes of Piketty and Joseph Stiglitz entertained thousands in the big halls at [the AEA meetings], heterodox economists (including me) in the Union of Radical Political Economics [URPE] presented papers to about 30-40 on Piketty exposing the flaws in his explanation. My paper argued that by deflating productive capital into a wider definition including property and financial wealth, Piketty cannot really explain rising inequality. Indeed, when housing and financial assets are stripped out, Piketty's rate of return on assets becomes Marx's rate of profit. And, instead of being steady and invariable as Piketty claimed, it falls.
Two main arguments have been presented by Piketty, both based on mainstream economics, to explain why the ratio of capital (wealth) to income has been rising. Piketty relies on neoclassical marginal productivity theory. This theory suggests that the more capital invested should lead to falling returns but Piketty claims there is a high rate of substitution of labor for capital in production, so the share of income going to capital rises. But as Fred Moseley showed in a paper at [the AEA], marginal productivity is logically incoherent and empirically false (Moseley-Piketty).
The other argument from Piketty is that, over the long term, as the savings ratios of households rises, it will eventually lead to a rising capital share. Well, a paper by Frank Thompson at the University of Michigan showed that, while this is theoretically possible, it is extremely unlikely to be achieved (URPE@ASSA Piketty presentation (n 9) and indeed, others calculated that it could take 200 years of balanced economic growth to explain rising capital share and inequality by rising savings rates!
As the URPE sessions showed, a simpler and clearer explanation of rising inequality in the last 30 years in most economies is increased exploitation of labor by capital. There has been a rising rate exploitation along with a huge switch of value into the financial sector which is owned and controlled by the top 1%, or even just the top 0.1%. Marx's exploitation theory is a better explanation of inequality compared to marginal productivity or rising savings rates. The so-called neoliberal period was characterized by holding down wages, globalization, a reduction in job security and privatization of public services, all of which boosted the rate of surplus value. So we entered the world of super-managers, oligarchs and top families that Piketty describes in his book.
But suggesting that rising inequality is the result of increased exploitation of labor by capital is not comfortable for mainstream economics, including Piketty, as it suggests something nasty about the capitalist mode of production, which the likes of Piketty, Stiglitz and others still support.
As to responses, if exploitation is the key explanation, organizing working people and their communities becomes the best response. Thankfully there are signs that those suffering from capitalist dynamics well understand the situation and are beginning to challenge it.
Minimum Wages and Unemployment
One of the arguments against an increase in the minimum wage is that it will lead to higher unemployment. One can make theoretical arguments for and against this proposition. And, of course, the income gains from an increase in the minimum wage are likely to produce overall benefits for both low wage workers and the economy as a whole even if there is a rise in unemployment.
Economists have tried to estimate the employment effects of a rise in the minimum wage. As a Vox article describes, two of them, Hristos Doucouliagos and T.D Stanley, looked at almost 1500 estimates of the effects of minimum wage increases on employment and found that the estimates "clustered right around zero effect, but with more of those estimates showing a slight downward pressure on employment."
They concluded, "with sixty-four studies containing approximately fifteen hundred estimates, we have reason to believe that if there is some adverse employment effect from minimum wage rises, it must be of a small and policy-irrelevant magnitude."
Bad News For Global Wage Trends
The International Labor Organization recently published its Global Wage Report 2014/15. The report looks at global trends in wages and income inequality and its findings are far from positive for working people in the developed world.
The ILO summarizes its findings as follows:
Wage growth around the world slowed in 2013 to 2.0 per cent, compared to 2.2 per cent in 2012, and has yet to catch up to the pre-crisis rates of about 3.0 per cent . . . .
Even this modest growth in global wages was driven almost entirely by emerging G20 economies, where wages increased by 6.7 per cent in 2012 and 5.9 per cent in 2013.
By contrast, average wage growth in developed economies had fluctuated around 1 per cent per year since 2006 and then slowed further in 2012 and 2013 to only 0.1 per cent and 0.2 per cent respectively.
"Wage growth has slowed to almost zero for the developed economies as a group in the last two years, with actual declines in wages in some," said Sandra Polaski, the ILO's Deputy Director-General for Policy. "This has weighed on overall economic performance, leading to sluggish household demand in most of these economies and the increasing risk of deflation in the Eurozone," she added.
As Figure 7 from the report makes clear, the wage slowdown in the developed world is not due to a slowdown in productivity, or output per worker. The fact is that workers contribute far more in production than they receive in compensation. The growing gap between the two helps to explain the recent explosion in corporate profits.
Figure 9 lets us look at productivity-compensation trends in several different individual developed countries. The figure includes two different ways of measuring compensation. The blue dots measure worker compensation adjusted for changes in consumer prices. The red dots measure worker compensation adjusted for changes in the prices of both consumer and non-consumer goods and services. In general, the blue dots provide a more accurate picture of worker purchasing power and well-being.
If earnings and productivity grew at the same rate, the different national blue dots would all be on the 45 degree line. If a nation's productivity grew faster then its compensation over the period then its blue dot would fall below the 45 degree line. If its compensation grew faster than its productivity, then its blue dot would be above the line.
Looking just at the big-3–the U.S., Japan, and Germany–we see that the U.S. recorded the highest rate of productivity growth over the period, followed by Japan, with Germany last. But the rise in worker compensation fell short of the growth in productivity in all three countries, with the largest gap in Japan.
The gap between productivity and compensation in most of the developed world also helps to explain the decline in labor's share of national income. As illustrated in Figure 10 below, the share of GDP going to workers in the form of wages and benefits, despite some fluctuations, declined in all the selected countries over the period 1991 to 2013. In the U.S., the adjusted labor income share fell from approximately 61% to 56% over the period.
The ILO report does offer suggestions for improving worker well-being, including higher minimum wage and stronger union protection laws, as well as better funded social programs. These all deserve our support. However, there are real forces opposing these reforms and ongoing initiatives to promote greater freedom of movement for large corporations, such as the Transpacific Partnership free trade agreement, only strengthen these forces. Said differently we need a broader agenda for change if we are to defend majority living and working conditions, one that directly challenges contemporary globalization dynamics.
A Retail Worker Bill of Rights
An important victory, as reported by Fortune magazine, a business-oriented publication.
San Francisco Passes First-Ever Retail Worker 'Bill of Rights' Claire Zillman Just in time for Black Friday and the holiday shopping season, the measure —aimed at giving retail staffers more predictable schedules and access to extra hours —will make the worker-friendly city even friendlier. |
Hours before retail employees punch in for their stores' hectic Thanksgiving and Black Friday shifts, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approved new protections for the city's retail workers.
The supervisors voted unanimously on Tuesday afternoon in favor of measures aimed at giving retail staffers more predictable schedules and access to extra hours. The ordinances will require businesses to post workers' schedules at least two weeks in advance. Workers will receive compensation for last-minute schedule changes, "on-call" hours, and instances in which they're sent home before completing their assigned shifts. Businesses must also offer existing part-time workers additional hours before hiring new employees, and they are required to give part-timers and full-timers equal access to scheduling and time-off requests. The legislation will apply to retail chains with 20 or more locations nationally or worldwide and that have at least 20 employees in San Francisco under one management system. David Chiu, president of the Board of Supervisors, told Fortune on Tuesday that the proposal will affect approximately 5% of the city's workforce. The San Francisco Chamber of Commerce has opposed the bill, arguing that it is too onerous for business owners. In particular, the Chamber has taken issue with the limits the new requirements will impose on employers' staffing decisions. Now that it has board approval, the proposal just needs the signature of Mayor Ed Lee, a Democrat, to become law. Even if the mayor rejects the legislation, which is unlikely, the measure has enough support among the city's supervisors to override a veto. While the action San Francisco is set to take on workers' behalf is the first of its kind, one aspect of the legislation has precedent. Last year, voters in SeaTac, Wash. approved a measure that requires companies to offer more hours to part-time workers before they hire new employees. They voted for it as part of a ballot initiative to increase the minimum wage to $15 per hour, one of the nation's highest rates. If San Francisco's retail worker bill becomes law, it will make a city already known as worker-friendly even more so. Earlier this month, 59% of voters cast ballots in favor of increasing San Francisco's current minimum wage of $10.74 to $15 by 2017. San Francisco's proposal takes sharp aim at employers' tendency to schedule workers' hours with little notice—a practice especially prevalent in retail. Earlier this year, University of Chicago professors found that employers determined the work schedules of about half of young adults without employee input, which resulted in part-time schedules that fluctuated between 17 and 28 hours per week. Forty-seven percent of employees ages 26 to 32 who work part time receive one week or less in advance notice of the hours they're expected to work, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Congress attempted to tackle this issue at the federal level in July when they proposed legislation that would give retail workers more predictable hours. "Workers need scheduling predictability so they can arrange for child care, pick up kids from school, or take an elderly parent to the doctor," co-sponsor Representative George Miller, a Democrat from California, said at the time. But the "Schedules that Work" bill has gone nowhere since it was introduced. |
US Policies Are Relatively Ineffective At Reducing Inequality
Government tax and spending programs can help reduce inequality—unfortunately US policies leave a lot to be desired.
One of the most common measures of income inequality is the gini index. The index runs from zero to one, with higher values signifying greater inequality.
The following two charts come from a Christian Science Monitor infographic on myths about inequality. The first shows that while income inequality, as measured by the gini coefficient, is high in the US, it is higher in nine other countries.
The second shows the degree to which tax and assistance programs do actually lower rates of income inequality. It also shows that U.S. programs perform relatively poorly; using this adjusted measure, the U.S. trails only Chile for the dubious distinction of having the highest rate of income inequality.


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subset: commoncrawl


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A graduate of Harvard College, Roxanne has designed and implemented initiatives that benefit women in conflict-affected communities worldwide in affiliation with the United Nations and other international organizations and community-based groups. She is currently continuing her exploration of Gender and Conflict at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. Roxanne chronicles her journey at http://www.storiesofconflictandlove.com.
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"Happy" singer has produced records for Britney Spears, Nelly and many others.
Brown and Buffett Come Together
The Zac Brown Band and legendary singer/songwriter Jimmy Buffett will share the stage for a new episode of CMT Crossroads, set to premiere in March of 2010.
CMT Crossroads: Jimmy Buffett and Zac Brown Band will be taped before an invitation-only audience in Nashville. The Zac Brown Band is one of country's hottest new acts, with No. 1 singles like "Chicken Fried" and "Toes" and a CMA award nomination for New Artist of the Year. Jimmy will release a new album, Buffett Hotel, on Dec. 8, his first studio album since 2006.
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Jeffrey Steele and Friends event celebrates the life and interests of his son, Alex.
Nashville show raises funds for the Children's Heart Foundation.
Rock This Country Tour kicks off June 6.
Close friend Reba McEntire salutes his accomplishments.


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Wednesday, 16 Dec 2009 07:12 AM
Kaiane Aldorino from Gibraltar was named the new Miss World at a glittering two-hour pageant that put South Africa in the spotlight and featured traditional dancers and drummers.
The leggy brunette, dressed in white-lace evening gown, was crowned as silver confetti rained down onstage around her. She clapped her hands to her mouth when her name was announced.
"I have no words," she said when asked to describe how she felt. "I am really happy."
The 23-year-old administrative clerk from the British territory on the tip of the Iberian peninsula was a crowd favorite after winning the swimsuit competition.
She joined seven other contestants in the final round of the show. The loudest cheers were reserved for Miss South Africa, Tatum Keshwar who was the second runner-up.
First runner-up was Miss Mexico, Perla Beltran Acosta.
Aldorino did not give an indication of what her immediate plans were now that she had won the prestigious title.
"I will try to do the best that I can now that I have opportunity and advantage," she said in a brief interview with The Associated Press after the event.
Gibraltar, known as The Rock, is a quirky, multicultural British outpost of 30,000 people, most of whom speak perfect Spanish and even own property along Spain's southern Mediterranean coast. An estimated 12,000 people cross over from Spain daily to work and many more to visit.
Spain ceded sovereignty of Gibraltar to Britain in a 1713 treaty, but has persistently sought its return, claiming the territory as a natural and historic part of its geography. The outcropping is in the Strait of Gibraltar, for centuries a strategic waterway linking the Atlantic and the Mediterranean.
Wearing her crown of tiny jeweled blue flowers, Aldorino said had been impressed with South Africa, which was hosting its seventh Miss World final.
"It has a lot to offer," she said.
South Africa is taking advantage of the world's attention as the country gears up to host the World Cup in June.
Saturday's show, which was televised across the world, gave a taste of South Africa's rich cultural heritage and natural attractions.
The 112 contestants were welcomed at the start by Zulu dancers and the ululating African female performers. There were clips from the finalists time in South Africa — showing the beauties cuddling cheetahs and lions, on pristine white beaches and even playing soccer.
"It is a wonderful opportunity for South Africa to showcase that they can host a world-class event and also a great tourist opportunity to show off the best that South Africa has in store," Keshwar said.
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US & CanadaHaitian vision must lead rebuilding NGO head says the Haitian people must decide their own development course. 03 Feb 2010 13:11 GMT | US & Canada, Latin America, Brazil, Canada, Dominica The January 12 earthquake was the strongest to hit Haiti in 200 years [GALLO/GETTY] Neal Keny-Guyer is the CEO of the aid and development organisation, Mercy Corps. He has just returned from the World Economic Forum in Davos and before that he was in Haiti where he witnessed the aftermath of the earthquake that struck on January 12. Al Jazeera: Haiti and Davos; worlds apart? Neal Keny-Guyer: It's the definition of cognitive dissonance, to go straight from Haiti to Davos Were you happy about the way that the international community dealt with the Haitian earthquake at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos? I was very happy with the way the WEF really made Haiti a primary topic and theme during the gathering.They had put a lot of preparation into Davos and of course there was no Haiti at the time. Haiti occurred 10 to 12 days before the opening of the WEF and they recognised that this was one of those global catastrophic events in which the whole global community has to come together.And I think they also recognised that in the long term, Haiti can't recover and one cannot deal with the underlying issues of poverty and the lack of development that have always plagued Haiti without private investment. But I think that what they were hoping to do was galvanise the political community, the business community and civil society to look at rebuilding the civil society of Haiti. Or as Bill Clinton, the former US president, said one time "build back better". How important is it that rebuilding efforts focus on tackling the underlying issues existent in Haiti even before the earthquake? Seventy per cent of people were living on $2-a-day or less, just under 60 per cent were illiterate; as we all know it was the poorest country in the Western hemisphere.And it had underlying issues of underdevelopment that have always plagued it.For example, the brother-in-law of our country director, who is Haitian, is an architect; he had built 70 homes in Port-au-Prince, and not one of those homes had even a crack in it after this earthquake. So clearly one has to deal with codes and building standards and the civil society that holds government and others accountable to proper standards. At Davos, there was some debate about how Haiti's long-term development ought to look. Representatives from Brazil proposed some very different ideas to those of Bill Clinton. Which of the different views do you support? special report I support what the Haitian people want. First and foremost we must support standing up the government which was hit by this earthquake. So many of the ministry buildings fell down and civil servants died, that the government is struggling to respond. Because they suffered just like the people, everyone suffered in this. Then you must stand up civil society so there can be a voice of the people and it is not for the international community to decide, it is not for me to decide what that should look like. I think that what you heard at Davos from Bill Clinton and from the Brazilians and others were expressions of concern. And I think that all of them would recognise that the Haitian government and the Haitian people should get to decide their own development course and ultimately what Haiti is going to look like.As in any country there are going to be differing visions of what that would look like. But ultimately we are all better off if it is a Haitian vision than if it is somebody else's vision. Even though Haitian conditions previously were almost unacceptable? It wasn't unacceptable, the current government that is in place right now had made substantial progress and I think that everyone is recognising that Haiti has come through a rough time. It has had a rough political history, a complicated political history.But there were some hopes that this government was finally beginning to make some of the steps that could begin to deal with the underlying problems of poverty, of low education and of lack of infrastructure that have plagued Haiti You wrote a few days ago in The Seattle Times that the Haitian disaster was different from other disasters. You said it didn't compare easily with the Indian Ocean Tsunami. You wrote: "I talked to Mercy Corps team of experts and many other seasoned disaster responders, and all agreed that this is one of the toughest challenges they've ever faced." Do you hold much hope that the country can recover? I do, but I hadn't been to a disaster before in which from day one the government was so incapacitated, the UN were so incapacitated because they lost top leadership and so many people.The major aid agencies that were there had all buried their own staff and they all had to consider their needs at the same time as well. So that was different from what we saw when I was in Aceh, and what we saw in Pakistan and what we saw in so many crises of the last decade.On the other hand I saw the same thing that I have seen in every crisis, and I have been involved in a lot over the past 30 years, which was the first responders are always the people themselves. There were street vendors out and communities had organised to get food from their own markets right away, it wasn't enough but the Haitian people themselves were doing what they could to meet their own needs.It is that resilience that always gives me hope. I heard a number of Haitians talk about it; they said that "if there was ever any silver lining in a catastrophe in which 150,000 plus people die, it was that this is an opportunity perhaps to get the resources that can put our country on the right path". With that global attention though, there have been debates over who should be in charge. For example, the US military took control of the airport, and was widely criticised for doing so, how did you feel about that? Thousands of Haitians have fled the capital Port-au-Prince [GALLO/GETTY] I thought it was absolutely essential. So little of the aid had been organised until the US military in this case was able to come in, take charge, and get some order to all of the aid that was trying to get in there and not only that but provide some security to the ports and the road so that you could start having reliable supply lines and that's absolutely critical for the aid effort to get going.That meant that the UN, which was grieving for the losses that they suffered there, you had the UNHCR to provide resources, there was a cluster system which is the one that we in the humanitarian community use that sets some shelter, water, dealing with children's issues, health and so forth, and to allow the level of coordination to begin to occur. It was getting better every day, and there is still a way to go, to be sure, but it was certainly a lot better by day seven than it was on day three, and it was better on day 10 than it was on day seven. There was some criticism though that it was not sufficiently well coordinated. It never is. It can always be improved. But I think what contributed more in Haiti was the fact that the government had suffered so much loss. It destroyed buildings, it destroyed lives, their own people were homeless in this case. The UN and the larger aid agencies were the same as well. One has to appreciate that, and just with the enormity of the disaster, it takes time. Port-au-Prince was down, the airport was down, and the only highways coming in were through the Dominican Republic. You have to get those supply routes back up before you can get organised and respond to the needs of the people. Do you think that in future catastrophes the coordination between aid agencies could be better? It really did seem that for days news reports suggested whole areas of the capital remained untouched by aid. Look, I don't have any way to assess how true those reports were, all you know is that in every disaster the international community can do better. So I hope that we'll be looking at the lessons learned in this one and that will enable us to do a better job when the next crisis comes. One example of this would have been to have worked with the cellular phone companies to distribute remittances, because the cell phone companies got up and working quickly, way before the banks did.One of the challenges was that the people who were displaced had no money at all, even as these local markets recovered. Haiti depends on a billion dollars of remittances, mostly from the US and Canada, each year. Had they been able to get money over the cellular network, or even vouchers over the cellular network that could have been applied in the local market, that would have made an immediate difference. That was something that we all did in Pakistan, and if we had a little more forethought in Haiti, that would have helped enormously. Another thing that would have helped would have been a little bit more disaster risk reduction. Training communities how to deal with a disaster despite the enormity of this crisis, would have enabled communities to better organise, better respond themselves and to work more closely with the humanitarian community as it was coming in. So there are things that we can better do to improve these situations and I think it is so critical that we capture those lessons learned and apply them. But I do feel strongly about this, I think that there will be enough time later on for reflections and lessons learned and criticism, but that time is probably not now.Do you think donations from the international community will be adequate? That's a hard one to answer. I think it has been adequate to meet the short term emergency relief and humanitarian needs if it is spent wisely and properly.It is certainly not adequate to enable Haiti to recover and address all the underlying issues of poverty and poor infrastructure and educational opportunities and so forth that were there beforehand. That is where we will need another round of investment, but I think in the short run, the amount that has come in is adequate to meet the humanitarian needs of the people. After the Indian Ocean Tsunami, Mercy Corps were part of a team that helped to set up microfinance organisations, not just in Aceh, but for Indonesia as a whole, would a similar scheme work in Haiti? Up to 3 million people are reported to need help [GALLO/GETTY] There is a great microfinance organisation working in Haiti, a Haitian organisation that already exists called Fonkoze, and we are already working with them, as are others to try to expand their own reach. The other thing you need to look at is that it is important not to have everybody come in and start their own microfinance organisations. There are banks there as well; one of the things that we did in Indonesia was put a guarantee fund in some banks that would encourage them to give to micro-entrepreneurs as well. So we are leveraging existing bank capital and not just creating our own green filled institution. I think it is better to leverage what already exists and to leverage the capacity that is there, than for everyone to rush in and try to do their own thing. Could social entrepreneurs work in situations like this in businesses for profit? I think so. In fact one of the most exciting areas in the relief world is this concept of social enterprise and this idea that people who build enterprises can make profit that is sustained, and that sustains the enterprise so that they don't have to keep going back again and again to donors and to donations. I think that is really important and you are seeing enterprises doing things like bringing new kinds of irrigation pumps all across Africa, and enterprises that are delivering vehicles that deliver vaccines because states and other entities couldn't keep those vehicles going. You are seeing an awful lot of innovation come out through social enterprise and I think that there is always room to do well and do good at the same time.Now for most social entrepreneurs, they are not in it for the profit. Most of those profits are there to sustain the development activities that are going on. I think it would be inappropriate if someone were to come in and take advantage of the situation and earn unfair profits, but we could probably debate what that is anyway. After the Indonesian earthquake, it was remarked that the NGOs did a very good job actually saving lives, but in the rush to do that, emotional and social ties were neglected. Do you think that the same problems could be avoided in Haiti? I hope we will avoid those problems and I hope we will be out there.During the Tsunami, I know in our own case, we made a special outreach to work with the religious institutions. Islam is such an important part of Indonesian culture and we felt that if you are going to do psycho-social programmes you've got to do it with the mosques and the religious schools. Because the people were rushing to those institutions for their own comfort it was terribly important to preserve those ties, because that's what gives us all our strength. We all go back to our core beliefs in times of crisis.I don't know Haiti as well as some, but I do know that they are an incredibly resilient people; they are incredibly entrepreneurial, with very strong family ties. And if you are going to do good work, whether its relief or recovery or long term development you have to draw upon the natural strengths of any community, of any people and it is those ties and those deep seated beliefs and values that are critical.Source: Al Jazeera
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Pope explains meaning behind his first encyclical, during Angelus Prayer
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Free forum : A non-cannon Fairy Tail RPG taking place in the distant future. Create your character, learn new magic, and join new guilds.
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text:
85,820 outdoor dining chair Home Design Photos
A.LONDON by Accouter
Chelsea Park Gardens | London | SW3
Love the shape and profile of the chairs. who makes them please?
questions about the table and chairs, yet no reply for them. Would you kindly share where we can find this table and chairs at? Thanks so much.
the soft chairs. look good in my refurbished breakfast room
and it certainly works in this scenario. I love the rustic charm of this dining room, with the delicate floral design of the light fitting adding elegance
Stick to tried-and-tested classicsThis is classic dining at its very best. For starters, the sheer symmetry of the light-filled room
essence of an elegant eating area in a nutshell. The smart, upholstered chairs and solid-timber table, meanwhile, create a classic vibe that won't let
Table and chairs for dining room
Table — A'marie Jonker Stewart
Loudon County's Premier Frame Maker
The P. H. Miller Studio was founded in 1983. The studio specializes in making hand carved and water gilded frames and home accessories in traditional and modern styles.
Visbeen Architects
Dining Room
Chairs are beautiful. Where might I find them?
The chairs are made by Lexington and can be ordered through Julie Holmes Design - firstname.lastname@example.com.
who makes the chairs and upholstery...Who makes these beautiful chairs...The chairs are made by Lexington...Dining Room...Dining room chairs-black wood...Black chairs...Upholstered chairs...chair ideas...Shape of chair...Dining chairs...fabric dining chairs...Head chair......gold chairs grey walls...upholstry on chairs...Cupboard paint, dining room chairs
Fabric on chaira — dwgomila
1305 Ranch
suite with natural light. Removing walls in the kitchen, living room and dining room create a generous and flowing open floor plan. Adding an entire wall
Where can I find the dining in this photo?
a beautiful dining table (love the natural pattern of the wood!)
Hi there, is it possible to provide more info on the gorgeous dining table such as
different chair. Also like the idea of different table at the back.
Drum light — lfdv
Thompson Custom Homes
Bordley 2
Love the chairs are they rought iron? Where to buy the chairs/cushions
Can you please tell me where these chairs came from? Thanks!
Check out O W Lee. They have similar chairs they call "cuddle chairs". We love ours!
These are Corsica Lounge Chairs by Ballard Designs.
I'm sorry for the delay. These are Corsica Lounge Chairs by Ballard Designs.
8. Install a discreet screenWhen a casual, country-inspired outdoor zone introduces a high-tech TV screen, it takes design know-how to make it work. F
When installing, use specific speaker cable that's rated for in-wall and outdoor use. It's best to turn to a specialist who will also seal all wire connections
Love the chairs where can you by them?...Can u tell us where to buy the chairs...Nice outdoor space w/ tv &
Maybe a rectangular table instead of the round table. — btmgwilli
Ashley Campbell Interior Design
McCoy Colorado
Love that table and especially the chairs, where did they come from?
What is the height of chair and name of chair style so I
How would I order these chairs? I would like to buy two, but don't know the name of the style, so when going to the Ashley Campbell design
Would like pricing info on table and chairs. firstname.lastname@example.com
The table and chairs are available through our showroom. Please call
We're also interested in these chairs. How can I buy them?
Hi Deanne,
These chairs are available through Ashley Campbell. We replied to you by email with pricing
Chairs + colour for dining room...Dining room - like it all
Chairs — jentupper
Dayna Katlin Interiors
Dining Room
I too would like info on the beautiful chairs.
Who makes these chairs and where can they be purchased?
These chairs look like the Tango side/arm chair. ...
Im sure that you could pick
love the chairs. where can I get them?...Where can I buy theses chairs from?...Dining Room...formal dining with big windows...Dining room...Dining room window...Chair cushions...love the chairs...Two color chair...Table & Chairs...Large dining window...The chairs...Chairs so different...Dining chairs
Alternating Patterns — kaiwilliamson7
Natalie Howe Design
Casual elegance
me where to purchase the table and chairs from? Love them
Can you tell me where to purchase the table and chairs from? Love them!
Love the print chairs! Can you tell me where to find them?
different fabric chairs at heads of table
The size of the table and the chairs...colors for dining room...Dining room...love the chairs!...love this dining room...Print end chairs...solid side chairs...gray cloth chair color...Dining table...Table and chairs...Chairs- dining...Dining room fi
dining2 — Ahmed Youssef
bulthaup by Kitchen Architecture
Contemporary entertaining
Love the shape of these chairs...side outdoor view...Dining table...colour to dining room...Dining overlooking garden...Formal dining...Color of the chairs...Dining room...bronze chairs...Great dining set...Dining next to pool...Dining chairs...beige dining chairs...upholstered dining chairs...rectangular dining table...Dining set
Chairs — jleenheer


text:
Manufacturer's Description
The TL-WR841ND Wireless N Router is a combined wired/wireless network connection device designed specifically for small business, office and home networking requirements. It provides a simple, very fast, pleasing way to access internet or Ethernet without cables for work or fun. It complies with the IEEE 802.11n (Draft 2.0) standard with wireless transmission speeds of up to 300Mbps. The router features 4 10/100M switch ports to achieve the most effective data transmission. TL-WR841ND adopts MIMO technologies, has two external detachable Omni directional antennas providing even better wireless performance, transmission rates, stability and coverage. CCA technology automatically avoids channel conflicts using its channel selection feature. It also works well with other 11g and 11n protocol wireless products. TL-WR841N also provides easy and quick security setup with WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) standard, get network safety at the push of a button.
The Specs
Additional Specifications | |
Parent Retsku | B007P950H2 |
Quick Glance |
Related Wireless Networking
Chipset: Realtek 500mW Wireless 802.11g USB 2.0 High-Gain Adapter H...500mW High Power WLAN USB adapter (mini Palm) fully supports the features... |
$6.00 |
Netgear WNA3100M IEEE 802.11n - Wi-Fi Adapter for Desktop ...The NETGEAR N300 Wireless USB Mini Adapter allows you to upgrade older... |
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Cisco Aironet IEEE 802.11n 300 Mbps Wireless Access Poin...The Cisco Aironet 1252AG is the first enterprise class access point to... |
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Cisco Aironet 1141N IEEE 802.11n 300 Mbps Wireless Acces...The Cisco Aironet 1141N Access Point is a business-ready, indoor access... |
$500.00 |
Generic Side Button Set for iPad Air / iPad Mini 2 / iPad ...Not Available |
$4.00 |


text:
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text:
God Has This One Pink Ribbon Necklace
Roll over image to zoom in
Honor loved ones affected by breast cancer with our heart-shaped necklace, completed with the symbolic pink ribbon. A faithful message, "God has this one..." graces the silhouette.
- Metal & enamel
- 1" (2.5 cm) pendant
- 17" L (43.1 cm) chain with 3" extender (7.6 cm)
- Imported
For bulk pricing on these and other items, please contact our Customer Service department at firstname.lastname@example.com.
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Recent reviews:
March 7, 2014 - The chain broke while putting it on the first time-cheesy. But I love the necklace and have plenty of silver chains to wear it with.
January 3, 2014 - I gave this to one of my besties b/c she is going through Breast Cancer. I LOVE the sentiment, but, was saddened that the quality isn't as nice as shown in the picture.
October 6, 2013 - I actually bought this for a friend of mine that has been diagnosed with Breast Cancer. She will have a bilateral mastectomy. When I saw it online, I knew I just Had To get it for her...as a Constant reminder, especially when she needed the reminder that, "God Has This One..." It was Just like it looks in the picture! She loved it!! I'm So glad I saw it & sent it to her!! She was Pleasantly surprised by it :)
August 29, 2013 - I absolutely love the design. It states exactly what I believe, however, the necklace broke the first time I wore it.
January 29, 2013 - I bought 2 of these and one was for my sister who is a 10 year survivor and the other was for my wife who's sister went thru the fight at the same time as my sister, but lost her battle and they both loved the necklace, We are proud supporters of Susan G. Komen.
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text:
for rent private poole
1-15 of 142
properties for rent found
1 Bed Flat For Rent Dawkins Road Poole
Dawkins Road, Poole Bh15, Dorset
4 days, 13 hours ago -Roberts are pleased to offer this spacious one double bedroom first floor flat situated in Hamworthy, Poole. The property benefits from being...
Similar properties for rent: for rent poole
3 Bedroom Flat Apartment for Rent in Poole
Poole, Dorset
5 days ago -A Stunning Character Conversion 2 Double Bedroom Ground Floor Apartment with Large Private Garden in Sought After Road in Branksome Park A...
2 Bed Flat For Rent Surrey Road Poole
Surrey Road, Poole Bh12, Dorset
3 days, 14 hours ago -A unfurnished 2 double bedroom ground floor flat with parking and private terrace... Private Terrace. Parking. Unfurnished. Available Mid April...
Flat to rent in Winston Avenue, Poole BH12
3 days, 1 hour ago -This property boasts its own private entrance, garage, two bedrooms, bathroom, spacious lounge and kitchen. This will be available from April...
2 Bed Bungalow For Rent Curlieu Road Poole
Curlieu Road, Poole Bh15, Dorset
6 days, 14 hours ago -The property benefits from a large modern fitted kitchen/diner, separate lounge with doors leading onto large private rear garden, 2 double...
Similar properties for rent: for rent housing benefit accepted dorset, for rent poole bungalow
Flat to rent in Surrey Road, Poole BH12
5 days, 21 hours ago -A unfurnished 2 double bedroom ground floor flat with parking and private terrace. Entrance Hall Lounge Modern Kitchen Master Bedroom with En...
3 bed House - Poole
Poole Bh15 1Tu, Dorset
6 days, 20 hours ago -Goadsby in Poole are delighted to offer this modern three/four bedroom town house in Poole. The property boasts spacious kitchen and living area...
Lagland Street, Poole - 2 bedrooms
Lagland Street, Poole, Poole Bh15 1Qd, Dorset
2 days, 20 hours ago -Beautifully presented two double bedroom, ground floor character apartment situated in Poole town centre. Boasting a private entrance from the...
Lower Parkstone, Poole
Lower Parkstone, Poole, Poole Bh14 8Nx, Dorset
2 days, 18 hours ago -Entrance hall with storage cupboard and airing cupboard and door to large lounge/dining room with patio doors onto private patio. Door to large...
2 Bedroom Unspecified Property for Rent in Poole
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1 week, 6 days ago -BRIGHT modern spacious 2 bedroom mid terrace house, private garden and allocated parking. Available Apilr 14th. INTERNAL VIEWINGS ADVISED New to...
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3 days, 8 hours ago -...large and recently modernised 2 bedroom ground floor flat set in a popular residential area, with its own private entrance and off road...
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2 days, 21 hours ago -This property boasts its own private entrance, garage, two bedrooms, bathroom, spacious lounge and kitchen. This will be available from April...
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text:
Welcome to Saints Peter & Paul Catholic Church
207 Vandalia Street, Collinsville, IL 62234
Ss. Peter & Paul Parish's mission-"A Catholic community centered in Christ called to serve God and each other"-offers us all the opportunity to live a life of true Christian discipleship that is deeply rooted in the person of Jesus Christ. At Ss. Peter & Paul, we believe it is of utmost importance to meet members' spiritual needs and help them develop a personal relationship with Jesus by focusing on being good stewards of God's gifts to us.
We have focused on doing that by emphasizing our role as a disciple of Christ to be people of Prayer and Study, Generous Giving and Serving, and Sharing our Faith with others.
Adult Ministries
Adult ministries offer many opportunities to serve God and others in the areas of liturgy, sacraments, faith formation, community outreach, pastoral care, and planning and maintaining our facilities
Youth & Family Ministries
These ministries offer opportunities to serve God and others in the areas of child and youth faith formation programs and the building of family and community. Areas include sacramental preparation, middle and high school youth programs and scouting programs
Recent News
View AllRite of Recognition and Call to Continuing Conversion
Mar 3, 2015
On Sunday, February 22nd, at the 8:00 Mass RCIA candidates went through the Rite of Recognition before traveling to...
Audience with the president of Azerbaijan: importance of intercultural and interreligious dialogue to promote peace
Mar 6, 2015
By VISarchive 02 Vatican City, 6 March 2015 (VIS) – This morning the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan...
Archbishop Wenski, Bishop Cantú Urge Protection for Programs Serving the Poor and Vulnerable in Federal Budget
Mar 3, 2015
WASHINGTON—Decisions around the 2016 budget resolution should be measured against whether they protect human life and dignity, the poor...
Upcoming Events
Stay connected with Ss. Peter and Paul Parish
Stay up-to-date with news and events


text:
Friday 13 January 1995
Ryland Group pre-tax profits rose to £1.2m (£727,000) in the six months to 31 October. EPS 3.47p (2.58p). Dividend is 0.27p.
Denmans Electrical increased pre-tax profits to £2.8m (£2m) for year to 30 September. EPS 41p (30.74p). Final dividend is 4.7p making 6.8p (6.4p).
Gibbs Mew, the beer maker, edged pre-tax profits ahead to £1.9m (£1.6m) in the six months to 30 September. EPS 15.57p (16.21p). Dividend 4p (3.75p).
Microgen saw pre-tax profits slip to £6.2m (£6.7m) in the year to 31 October. EPS 10p (10.5p).
Final dividend is 5.05p making 7.25p.
Jones Stroud Holdings virtually maintained pre-tax profits at £2.9m in the six months to 30 September. EPS 11.08p (EPS 11.4p). Dividend held at 3.5p.
Hawtin lifted taxable profit to £2m (£1.5m) for year to 30 September. EPS 2.81p (2.2p). Final dividend 0.875p making 1.15p.
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