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This blog is about my musings and thoughts. I hope you find it useful, at most, and entertaining, at least.
Date: 2014-09-13
Tags: GIS QGIS Census TIGER
So you want to make a map but have no experience in doing so and don't know where to start? Well you've come to the right place! In this tutorial I will show you where to find some basic spatial data, how to use it, and some tricks when rendering it.
Firstly, we need data to make the map with. I'm going to be using the TIGER data from the US Census Bureau. They have vast troves of spatial data (among the even more vast troves of data that you normally think of when I say "census"). All of this data is organized by FIPS codes.
FIPS codes "combine" to produce longer codes for more specific things. For instance, Pennsylvania is 42 and Allegheny County is 003 in Pennsylvania, so the unique code for Allegheny County, PA is 42003. The following chart is the organization of all the data.
Taken from "TIGER Tchnical Documention, Chapter 3":https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/pdfs/tiger/tgrshp2013/TGRSHP2013_TechDoc_Ch3.pdf
As you can see, States have counties, and counties have Census Tracts, which in turn have Block Groups. You'll notice that School Districts, Congressional Districts, and State Legislature districts are contained within a State (which makes sense, e.g. a school district can span county and municipality lines). Note the "County Subdivisions" under Counties; this is also known as municipalities (e.g. towns, cities, townships, boroughs, &c). While Census Tracts are normally contained by municipalities, they are not always.
If codes are additive, how does one distinguish between a county subdivision and a census tract? Good question. The answer is that they're different lengths:
So, what happens when new things are added? Great question! The Census Bureau keeps these lists in alphabetical order, so they can't just (well, don't want to) add it to the end of the list. What they do is skip codes between existing items. Search for "Pennsylvania" in the FIPS look up link below and you'll notice:
County FIPS | Name |
42001 | Adams County |
42003 | Allegheny County |
42005 | Armstrong County |
….. | ….. |
42099 | Perry County |
42101 | Philadelphia County |
42103 | Pike County |
42105 | Potter County |
….. | ….. |
So if, say, Pittmesh County, it would become 42104. If Pennsylvania then added a "Pickle County", well, it would have to be bumped to the bottom of the list. Sorry Pickle County.
Note that "ZIP Code Tabulation Areas" is off to the side under nation. ZIP codes are rarely something you want to be doing analysis with. ZIP Codes aren't polygons (they aren't defined by some space on the surface of the Earth), they are instead lines representing mail routes served by a Post Office. The ZCTA files (and others that you'll find online) try to convert them to polygons the best they can, but it's not always possible to do with 100% accuracy. They are also at the national level because they can and do span state boundaries.
You'll note that things like roads and railroads aren't listed. They are normally broken down by county for ease of use, but are more-or-less lines and don't belong in this hierarchy (or could be stuffed in at the national level, I suppose). I will note, though, the road and railroad files aren't always 100% accurate, though I find them good-enough for everyday usage. When they aren't, I try to see if the municipality I'm working with has their own files or search for the state's spatial repository (Pennsylvania's is PASDA) every state has one.
OK, so now we know how this data is organized, let's get files! First thing is to find the FIPS code for your county. The Census provides a nice tool to get that; just select your state and then look for your county name. (There are many other tools available everywhere as well, just search if you don't like this one). For this tutorial I'll be focusing on Allegheny county, but feel free to use your own county when attempting this.
Let's use the 2014 TIGER/Line Shapefiles (go to that link and then click FTP site). The TIGER page also contains information and documentation about the files and their contents if you'd like to learn more.
First let's grab the COUNTY file. There is only one because it's small even thought it contains every county in the union.
Next, lets grab county subdivisions, COUSUB for the state of interest. For this tutorial we'll use Pennsylvania's, which is named tl_2014_42_cousub.zip because Pennsylvania is state 42.
Now let's do ROADS. Again we'll use Allegheny County's, named tl_2014_42003_roads.zip because Allegheny County is 42003.
We'll also grab the RAILS file because I like trains. (No really, I do.)
Once all of these have been downloaded, unzip them each into their own directory. The thing about shapefiles is that they'r not really a "file", they're at least 3 (geometry file, database file, and an index file. Usually there is a projection file too, because you need to know this to use it.) You need to keep all the files that appear when you move them around.
Shapefiles contain just that, shapes. They are a form of "vector" format, similar to SVG if you're familiar with those, that lets you zoom in, rotate, and move the map without ever losing quality. How? Instead of storing a line as "There is a point at X. There is a point at X+(just a little bit). There is a point at X+(just a bit more yet)…." it stores "There is a line from X to Y" and the computer figures out how best to draw it. The other format ("There is a point…") are known as "Raster" formats, like JPEG, GIF, PNG, and TIFF among many others are raster format's you've probably used (there are jpgs and pngs on this site and don't tell me you haven't seen any cat gifs
(What are projections? Well, they're how you convert points on the globe to points on a flat surface. There are many different ways to do this. WGS 84/EPSG 4326 is what's commonly known as "GPS Coordinates". The census data you just downloaded is in EPSG 4269 which is a more accurate version for use in the United States and Canada. These are all in degrees.
Some projections are in feet. For instance EPSG 2272 can be used in the lower half of Pennsylvania for very good accuracy. (Feet from what? The lower left corner of the state of course!) Also since it's in feet it makes distance calculations easy!
For the rest of this tutorial you won't need to care about any of this, QGIS will read the project file with the shape files and figure it all out. I just wanted to let you know there is a whole other (confusing) world out there.)
Download and install QGIS, which is a Free software package that is similar to ArcGIS but free, as in beer and speech. If you ever need help, QGIS has many places where you can turn for community support which I've always found very helpful. (If you're a company, Commercial Support for QGIS is also available, but for you and I IRC, the mailing list, or gis.stackoverflow are adequate (Trust me, I've learned a ton and have gotten help solving I can't count how many issues from them).
Once installed, open it. You should see a screen similar to the one below.
We'll be using QGIS 2.4.0 – Chigiak for this tutorial.
To add a shapefile layer to our canvas you can click on the little V-looking-with-a-green-plus button on the left (), or you can go to Layers > Add Vector Layer in the menu. Select the .shp (the file that ends in the shp extension) from where you unzipped the COUNTIES file above. Once loaded, you should see all the counties in the country.
Using the Zoom tool () draw rectangle around the area you're interested in. Feel free to zoom in little by little. You don't have to find it right away.
Until you're mostly over the county you want.
To view information about a feature, use the "Identify Features" () button and then click on the county you're interested in.
Now you can see all the information associated with this feature. Note the "STATEFP" is 42 and "COUNTYFP" is 003. Also, the "GEOID" is 42003, which is what we expected for Allegheny County. You can look up the meaning of some of the other fields in the TIGER documentation. (Click the "Hand" tool () to deselect everything and continue to pan the map as usual.)
Now, as an exercise in being able to query and filter your data, and to remove some clutter, right-click on your layer and go to properties.
Now, click "Query Builder", and you should be presented with a screen like this.
You'll note that it's displaying all the fields on the left. Select one and click "Sample". (That's one way just to check if a field is what you think it is. Use the "Attribute Table" I'll show you later to do a more in-depth looking-at of the data.)
We want the "GEOID" column that contains the FIPS code, and from the sample data, you can see that those look like county FIPS codes. The filter expression language is similar to SQL, but if you don't know SQL, that's OK. We want the county with a GEOID of 42003, so we enter "COUNTY" = '42003' (NB(Nota bene): Use double quotes for fields and single quotes for values. Failure to do so will result in errors.) You can click "Test" to see how many results your query finds and if it's valid, useful for a quick, well, test, of your query.
In this case we want only a single result because that ID should be unique!
Click OK on the test popup and then on the main dialog to gt back to the layer properties. Then Click OK to go back to the main window.
Now, right click on the layer and go to "Zoom to Layer".
Now, add the county subdivision you downloaded just as you did the county file originally.
So great, now our county is covered. Make sure your municipality layer is selected and then, identify a feature, just like you did for the county ("Identify Feature" only identifies features in the currently selected layer. For fun, select the county layer and click where your county should be; you'll see it become highlighted).
If you remember, municipalities are part of counties. In that info box, you'll notice that the "STATEFP" is 42 and "COUNTYFP" is 003. What we can do is filter the municipalities to show only the ones in our county! (With the query "STATEFP" = '42' AND "COUNTYFP" = '003'
As you just saw, the order of the layers is the ordered rendered; those lower in the list are on the bottom. Drag the county layer above the municipality layer, and you'll see all your municipalities be covered by the county.
What I want to do now is to make the county layer have no fill and a think blue border. Go back to the layer properties for the county, and click on the paint brush on the left side (), the second in the list, to get to the Style properties.
Now select "No Brush" for the fill. Note some of the other brush styles.
Once you've done that, click on the border color and change it to blue and the "Border Width" to 0.75.
Then click OK
Now add the ROADS shapefile that we downloaded.
Let's zoom in to a place of interest; in this case, let's do Downtown Pittsburgh.
Let's take a quick detour and show the railroads now. Load that file.
If your computer is like mine, it picked a terrible color for them. Let's change it to, instead of being a line, being a line with ticks like on many maps. Go back to the layer style.
For the "Symbol layer type" use the drop down to select "Marker Line" and then select "Simple Marker" in the tree to the left.
Select the "+" marker. Then, in the tree to the left, select "Marker Line" and set the interval to be 2.
OK back to the main screen.
Select the road layer, and then use the "Identify Feature" tool to select an interstate highway.
Now select a local road.
You'll notice the "RTTYP" is "I" for the interstate and "M" for the local, or municply-owned, road.
Go to the style dialog for the road layer. At the top where the drop down reads "Single Symbol", click it and select "Categorized". Then for the "Column" select "RTTYP", followed by clicking the "Classify" button under the big white area.
You'll see the different values
Value | Owner/class |
C | County |
I | Interstate |
M | Manciple |
O | Other |
S | State |
U | Unknown |
Right click on each value but "I" and change it back to blue. Also, delete the first entry, the one with no value.
Now change the color of the interstate to orange and the width to 0.7. Ok back to the main dialog.
You may notice, like you can on part of 279 (currently 376), that some interstates have blue on them. This is because there are multiple shapes in the same spot with different records; in this case it's being listed as a few different roads with different names. Life is messy, unfortunately. There are ways to merge records, but I'm not going to get into that now.
One easy method of solving an issue like this is to "Duplicate" from the context menu for the layer and show all the records you want in one style in one and the other in the other (using the delete function like earlier); since layers are rendered in order place the interstate above the local. (NB: Duplicated layers aren't shown by default; check the checkbox next to it to show it.)
Another advantage of duplicating the layer is that we can label one layer and another (Currently QGIS has no way of only labeling certain features and not others in a layer).
Go to the properties for the layer, and click the "Label" pane (). Check "Label this layer with" and then select the "FULLNAME" field. Next, click "Rendering" and then "Label Every part of mulit-part feature". Click OK.
Sometimes the label-placement engine is a little finicky, especially with very long roads. Try moving the map around a little (by clicking and dragging with the hand tool) to see if that'll place labels where you want.
Now for a little exercise.
Since our tutorial deals with Pennsylvania, we're going to use PASDA to find some additional information. Every state has a spatial data repository. Find yours; find some data; make some cool maps!
At PASDA, do a search for Allegheny and download the Parks file (ftp download and then uncompress it into it's own directory. Then, you guessed it, add it to our map.
Once Added, go to the Style dialog to a green; something that says "park"! (Also, while you'r mucking around with styles, go to the style dialog for the municipalities and make it "No Brush", just like you did for the county.
The City of Pittsburgh's GIS team in city planning has the best "water" file I've seen. I honestly find it very difficult to get good GIS info on rivers. If you know where to find it, please tell me! Anyway, download and add the water file as before; and make it a nice water-blue.
Go back to PASDA and download the "pools": file for Allegheny County.
It'll be a bit lack luster when we add it. Go to the style dialog and set a "Centroid Fill" for the "Symbol layer type".
Then set the "Symbol layer type" to "SVG Fill".
Finally, select the "Swimming" icon from "gpsicons" from the really nice library of icons QGIS comes with. In order to see the icon better, set it's size to 8.
Click OK and admire your work!
In the next installment, I'll show you how to use the print composer to make nice printouts of your maps, and go over some more data querying.
Date: 2014-09-11
Tags: transit transportation Pittsburgh PAT Allegheny_County GIS topology QGIS GRASS PostGIS
I have recently become involved with Pittsburghers for Public Transit where I've volunteered to help make maps and do spatial and socio-economic analysis to help them better understand the problems areas face. One of the first things I did, part as a demo and part to help provide a little more information for their Baldwin campaign. I will cover importing and using Census data and importing it and TIGER data in a later entry; here I want to focus on topographic analysis done with part of the TIGER data and PAT's GTFS data to identify area that are further than a given threshold from a public transit stop.
The first method I tried was to simply draw buffers, everything within a radius of a point, around each bus stop. Since buffers don't consider anything but way-the-crow-flies (geodesic) distance they included parts of communities that can't be accessed in anywhere near that distance. Take the following two maps (roads in orange, busstops as red dots); the first shows the geodesic distance from the closest busstop to a road. The second shows the shorted on-the-road (topographic) distance to it. An additional point, the space between the between the road and the busstop is not walkable (too steep), moreover, people should not have to walk through muck to get to their bus.
What I needed was a way to do Topographic or Network instead of straight geodetic analysis. I found that GRASS GIS is capable of doing the analysis I needed, and decided to give it a shot. I followed a tutorial, Basic Network Analysis With GRASS that was very close to what I wanted to be able to do. However, I kept getting nonsensical answers.
I eventually realized that my road map had very large segments for each road. In essence, the algorithm would think that the road it was on was very long, and all of the roads connected to it were too, so none of them were under the length limits I was looking for. To fix this issue, I split all of the roads into smaller parts. How I did this, and then how the analysis was performed is as follows.
I'm working on an Ubuntu 14.04 box, but the commands should be similar for most Unix-like OSs. I assume that PostgreSQL and PostGIS are installed.
TIGER data is projected in EPSG 4269 (for some explanation as to why, see this comment on StackOverflow. This projection measures distance in units of arc, which isn't the most intuitive unit to work in for the type of analysis we want to do (Is walking 13-arcseconds (0.0036 degrees) a short distance? (It's a quarter mile on the equator)). In order to just ignore all of that, I decided to use the EPSG 2272 (Pennsylvania South (ftUS)) project.
This is known as a "State Plane" and is used by most state agencies in the southern part of Pennsylvania (where Allegheny County is). The project is in feet, therefore distances can be measured in a straight-forward manner.
createdb topotest echo "CREATE EXTENSION postgis;" | psql topotest
First let's grab the TIGER road map for Allegheny County (FIPS code 42003 (42 is Pennsylvania, 003 is the county in the state.)) (Fun fact, FIPS codes are in alphabetical order and often skip codes so that new ones may be added without having to lose that order or re-arrange them).
mkdir geodata cd geodata wget ftp://ftp2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2014/ROADS/tl_2014_42003_roads.zip mkdir tl_2014_42003_roads unzip -d tl_2014_42003_roads tl_2014_42003_roads.zip shp2pgsql -s 4269:2272 -W LATIN1 -I tl_2014_42003_roads.shp > tl_2014_42003_roads.sql cat tl_2014_42003_roads.sql | psql topotest
For shp2pgsql
, the -s 4269:2272
tells it to convert from the input SRID to the output SRID (in this case the NAD-83 projection to Pennsylvania-South). -W LATIN1
defines the encoding that the text in the shapefile's database is in, and -I
tells it to create spatial indices.
Once imported, cd ..
to get back to the geodata directory.
Download the zip from the Port Authority (click "Download Port Authority GTFS files ").
mkdir pat_gtfs unzip -d ~/geodata/pat_gtfs ~/Downloads/general_transit_CleverTripID_1409.zip
To import this data into our database, we're going to use my fork of gtfs_SQL_importer originally from cbick as his appears abandoned and some bugs needed fixed for newer versions of PostGIS. This, boys and girls, is one of the main reasons Free Software is great!
git clone https://github.com/jimktrains/gtfs_SQL_importer.git
cd gtfs_SQL_importer/srccat gtfs_tables.sql | psql topotest
python import_gtfs_to_sql.py ~/geodata/pat_gtfs | psql topotestcat gtfs_tables_makespatial.sql | psql topotest
cat gtfs_tables_makeindexes.sql | psql topotest
cat vacuumer.sql | psql topotest
Use psql topotest
to login to your database and get a shell.
ALTER TABLE gtfs_stops ALTER COLUMN the_geom TYPE Geometry(Point, 2272) USING ST_Transform(the_geom, 2272);ALTER TABLE gtfs_shape_geoms ALTER COLUMN the_geom TYPE Geometry(LineString, 2272) USING ST_Transform(the_geom, 2272);
Now to break apart the road segments into smaller segments; what the following query does is read each pair of successive segments and creates records with only that simple line and the reset of the road's metadata.
CREATE TABLE roads AS ( SELECT gid, linearid, fullname, rttyp, mtfcc, geom, ST_Length(geom) as length FROM ( SELECT gid, linearid, fullname, rttyp, mtfcc, ST_MakeLine(sp, ep) AS geom FROM ( SELECT gid, linearid, fullname, rttyp, mtfcc, ST_PointN(geom, generate_series(1, ST_NPoints(geom)-1)) as sp, ST_PointN(geom, generate_series(2, ST_NPoints(geom) )) as ep FROM ( SELECT gid, linearid, fullname, rttyp, mtfcc, (ST_Dump(geom)).geom AS geom FROM tl_2014_42003_roads ) AS lines ) AS segments ) AS mostly_there
);CREATE INDEX roads_geom_idx ON roads USING GIST (geom);
CREATE INDEX roads_gid_idx ON roads (gid);
CREATE INDEX roads_linearid_idx ON roads (linearid);
ALTER TABLE roads ADD COLUMN id BIGSERIAL NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY;SELECT UpdateGeometrySRID('roads', 'geom', 2272);
GRASS can be controlled fully via a command line or via the menus. If you're new to GRASS, I would suggesst hunting around in the menus to see what features it offers. In a very helpful gesture, each menu option provides the name of the command it's an interface to.
First, we'll import the vector data (File > Import Vector Data > Common Input Formats [v.in.ogr]) GRASS can connect directly to PostgreSQL databases, which makes it very easy to import the data already in our database.
v.in.ogr dsn=PG:dbname=topotest layer=roads output=roads
v.in.ogr dsn=PG:dbname=topotest layer=gtfs_stops output=stops
Once loaded, the busstop layer needs to be connected to the road, otherwise you can't get to them via the road! (Vector > Network analysis > Network maintenence [v.net])
v.net input=roads points=stops output=network operation=connect thresh=100
Additionally, lets add the stop metadata as part of the network. (Database > Vector database connections > Set vector map – database connection [v.db.connect])
v.db.connect map=network table=stops layer=2
Now for the guts of the analysis. We need to categorize all of the roads according to how far away the nearest busstop is. These are called isolines. (Vector > Network analysis > Split net [v.net.iso])
v.net.iso --overwrite input=network output=network_isolines ccats=1-10 costs=1320,2640,3960,5280,6600,7920,9240,10560 afcolumn=LENGTH abcolumn=LENGTH
The astute reader would notice two things:
The reason we're only using 10 busstops is because running the entire network takes roughly 6.5hrs on my laptop. For testing purposes, the more-or-less instant gratification that 10 stops will provide suffices.
If we assign the iso-lines random colors with d.vect -c network_isolines
, we can get a quick glimpse of the output. (In quarter mile increments: grey, light red, dark red, green, dark green, blue, yellow, dark yellow).
As you can see, the little area we were looking at above is dark-yellow, indicating that it is in the > 2mi isoline. Now, this isn't a very pretty visualization. Let's export it to a shapefile and load it into QGIS. Once loaded, we'll categorize the layer with the `cat` field and use a color ramp to show differences in distance.
Zooming in we can look at the area we've been focusing on.
Zooming out we can look at the entire county.
It's plain to see that the transit network covers only the most densely populated area, visually identifiable by a high concentration of roads. However, it does not service all of these area. Further comparison with Census data would yield better results.
Slightly more zoomed in, but very large, images can be found here: North part of the County and South part of the County
There are many things I would like to do with this data, but one of the firsts would be to incorporate DEM into the model so-as to take grades (which we have a lot of over in Pittsburgh) into the cost calculation.
Also, I need to ensure that bridges don't become intersections, as that introduces a source of error into the calculations.
Another piece of information is to use the GTFS data we've already loaded to come up with frequencies. That would enable us to look for areas that are, for instances, not within walking distance of a bus that comes less frequently than every half-an-hour.
Date: 2014-07-17
Tags: openssh linux
I have an OpenVZ box that's always been nothing but trouble to me. I'm not sure why I keep it around, but I do. One day, ssh-add started echoing my password to the terminal. I was sad. I then tried to ssh and just kept getting "Host key verification failed." What's up with that?
Eventually through the use of ssh -v -v -v
I figured out that /dev/tty
wasn't usable. (WHAT?) I ls -l /dev/tty
and found it had permissions of crw-------
owned by root:root
. I did chmod a+rw
and everything started to work.
I'm still trying to ascertain why that happened, but I wonder if openssh could provide an error if it can't confirm a host key via input and so that ssh-add
doesn't echo passwords; sudo
doesn't, so I'm curious if the other methods possible on linux could be used on other systems or not. Anyway, off to #openssh to see if they have any input.
I just wanted to put this up so that if anyone else has this issue they can be guided to a (temporary?) solution. I'll attempt to keep this post up-to-date as I learn anything.
Date: 2014-07-13
Tags: pittsburgh traffic-lights transportation walkability
I went back to school for Transportation Engineering because I feel that by making places more accessible, I can help improve people's lives. One such way I feel that I can help, is by advocating for safe conditions for pedestrians. In one of my first attempts to use what I've learned, I've written a letter to my city council representetive:
On my walks to work, I've noticed that a bunch of intersections on Centre Ave and Baum Blvd do not have clear-times (the sum of the Yellow and All-Red phases at a traffic signal) that are sufficent to allow pedestrians to cross safely. Numerous times I've been caught in the middle of one of these roads, and I'm a quick walk — doubly so when comparied to an elderly or disabled person.The Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices &sec; 4E.06.07 provides guidance to use 3.5 feet per second as the walking speed of a pedestrian.
The MUTCD &sec; 4D.04.04.A.3 states that "Pedestrians facing a CIRCULAR GREEN signal indication, unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian signal indication or other traffic control device, are permitted to proceed across the roadway within any marked or unmarked associated crosswalk."
The MUTCD &sec; 4D.04.03.B.3 states that "Pedestrians facing a steady CIRCULAR YELLOW or YELLOW ARROW signal indication, unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian signal indication or other traffic control device shall not start to cross the roadway."
My measurements are as follows
Intersection Clearance Time Crosswalk length Suggested Safe Crossing Time Centre @ Liberty 6 s 55ft 16s Liberty @ Center 6 s 57ft 17s Centre @ Graham 6 s 30ft 9s Graham @ Centre 6 s 30ft 9s Baum @ Graham 6 s 60ft 18s Graham @ Baum 6 s 80ft 22s Baum @ Aiken 6 s 55ft 16s Aiken @ Baum 6 s 60ft 18s Baum @ Liberty 6 s 70ft 20s Liberty @ Baum 6 s 86ft 25s None of these intersections are anywhere near the amount of time required to cross them by a healthy adult, let alone an elderly or disabled person. Especially given that efforts are being done on Baum Blvd to install microwave sensors to aid traffic flow, steps should be taken to ensure that pedestrians are given the proper amount of time when crossing.
Installing Pedestrian Signals (PedHeads), would provide feedback to pedestrians as to the amount of time remaining for them to begin safely crossing. This option has no affect on traffic or intersection geometry and doesn't require retiring the signaling system. I would strongly urge you to have Public Works audit this corridor in order to determine the exact need and configuration of pedestrian signals.
This corridor is also home to a hospital and two hotels which attract many non-locals, who are not familiar with the configuration of these intersection. Even as a local, I find myself many times a week caught in the middle of the road needing to sprint to exit the roadway after opposing traffic is given a green light.
Additionally, Liberty at Baum has a leg of the intersection closed to pedestrian crossings. I believe that this is a terrible thing to do, not the least of which is because pedestrians have a habit of crossing at intersections regardless of being told not to. Additionally, to legally cross this intersection now requires waiting through 2 additional phases of the traffic signal — adding a noticeable amount of time to someone just wanting to stroll to a diner or restaurant a little further down the block. Moreover, it is extremely rude and unfriendly to pedestrians, who may be visitors to our city, to tell them that an intersection that is visibly clear and poses no immediate threat, is closed — it reflects very poorly on city trying to build a pedestrian and bike friendly image. I would also urge you to have Public Works consider removing this closure, especially if PedHeads are to be installed as it will provide reliable feedback to pedestrians on how long they have left to cross this intersection.
Thank you for your time regarding this issue. I believe that little things such as providing pedestrians reliable information on how long they have to cross an intersection go a very long way in increasing the safety, usability, and pleasantness of walking around.
Jim Keener
Date: 2014-06-29
Tags: programming software apns apple ios
I've recently been working on interfacing with APNS and have found it to be a terribly desinged API. It doesn't feel like what I expect from an Apple product.
APNS a completely binary protocol, meaning that you can't use any of the nice, well tested, battle hardened HTTP libraries out there (like you can with GCM). Being a binary protocol in-and-of-itself isn't that bad of a thing, but it does feel awkward for the decision to be made to transport JSON via a binary protocol in 2009.
The worst part is that it's not synchronous. You're expected to throw packets at the service until the service kills the connection, possibly sending you an error packet before it does so. For the feedback services, you're expected to just listen if there's anything and disconnect. I don't believe it would have been that difficult to, and would have the usage process much, much nicer, if the protocol would respond consitently. For instance, if I say I'm going to send 10 packets, it could wait until it's recieved those 10 packets to send an "All Good!" or "Error: xxxx" packet. Or when connecting to get feedback, tell me that there is no feedback.
The whole system seems to be designed to be as "efficient" in terms of bandwidth as possible, but then duplications tons of fields, e.g. when setting the Device Token in a Notification packet, you need to add a Device token section that has a header and the token length, both of which are rednundant because the token is always required and always the same length. Also, being bandwidth eficent to save possibly 100s of bytes, at the expense of a crappy development experince seems very un-Apple. As much as I dislike IDEs, XCode is much much nicer of an experince to work with then Visual Studio was and the Apple Docs often feel much better than MS's docs.
The efficiency may be warranted on the phone's end, but a simple HTTP endpoint for sending notifications and getting feedback would have made the development process at my organization much more streamlined and quick.
APNS just feels like a quick project done by someone using vastly underpowered hardware and kind-of became a bigger thing, but that was never cleaned up. Part of me feels that it's designed so that people refrain from using it; it feels that awkward, especially when you're not use to dealing with raw sockets day-to-day.


text:
Waterfront eyed for Bills stadium
BUFFALO, N.Y. -- Nicholas Stracick figures if he builds it, the Buffalo Bills will stay.
Stracick, CEO and president of the Greater Buffalo Sports and Entertainment Complex, unveiled a proposal on Tuesday to build a $1.4 billion waterfront sports and entertainment facility that would include a 70,000-plus-seat, retractable-roofed stadium to one day serve as the Bills' new home.
In making a presentation to a city council committee, Stracick said his plan has the potential to change Buffalo's rust-belt image and preserve the Bills long-term future in western New York.
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ESPN.com's James Walker writes about all things AFC East in his division blog.
"Buffalo's been backward the last 50 years. It's gone nowhere," Stracick said. "This stadium is going to change the city of Buffalo."
Stracick's company has already spent about $1 million in hiring a leading sports facility architectural firm, Dallas-based HKS Design, to design a site plan. HKS has designed numerous stadiums, including the Dallas Cowboys' new facility, and the new Yankee Stadium in New York.
The next step is having the city acquire a 400-acre plot of land lining the outer harbor just south of downtown. The land is currently controlled by the region's transportation authority.
Once that's approved, Stracick then intends to approach Gov. Andrew Cuomo, the Bills and the NFL.
Stracick's 45-minute-long presentation was tabled by the committee, and it's unclear when it will be discussed at a full council meeting.
Stracick says he's already lined up a group of investors, and projects the complex -- which would also include a hotel, convention center and sports museum -- would be mostly privately funded, with about 30 percent of the cost picked up by taxpayers.
It didn't matter to Stracick that his proposal runs counter to the Bills' immediate plans.
"The Bills will move in once the thing is built," Stracick said. "Don't worry about it. It's done."
Though the franchise's future in Buffalo is uncertain once 94-year-old owner Ralph Wilson dies, team officials have maintained their commitment to staying in Buffalo and continuing to play at Ralph Wilson Stadium in Orchard Park.
The Bills are in negotiations with state and county officials to renew their lease, which expires in July. There's a potential the parties will have to reach a one-year lease extension after talks stalled this summer.
The biggest obstacle in negotiations is determining how to divide up the costs for $200 million in renovations and upgrades the Bills are seeking to have done to the 39-year-old facility.
"We continue to meet with county and state officials and have had productive sessions," Bills CEO Russ Brandon said, referring to lease talks.
As for the new stadium proposal, Brandon said: "We're aware of it, but have no involvement."
GBSEC vice president George Hasiotis said current lease talks shouldn't affect the proposal, because a new stadium would take five or six years to build. By that time, the Bills would have the option to move into the new facility.
Buffalo Mayor Byron Brown favors the Bills returning to Buffalo, where they played for the first 13 seasons. But he stressed the first priority is having the team negotiate a new long-term lease at Ralph Wilson Stadium.
Brown has made a formal request to obtain the parcel of land from the transportation authority, but said it's not specifically for a stadium project. He called Stracick's proposal as still being in the early stages of development.
From nearby Derby, N.Y., Stracick is a former major league umpire who enjoyed a considerable windfall in 2002 after he and a business partner successfully sued Walt Disney Co. for stealing their idea for its Wide World of Sports Complex at Walt Disney World.
A jury awarded Stracick and his partner $240 million, but the two later reached an undisclosed settlement with Disney.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press
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subset: commoncrawl


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I put the F-250 to work over the weekend, hauling 4320 pounds of wood and concrete to the landfill. Both loaded and unloaded, the new Super Duty moved comfortably and confidently, thanks largely to that new 6.7-liter diesel engine. I was particularly impressed with the smooth shifts of the six-speed automatic, as many of these high-torque heavy haulers often display compromised shift quality. You won't mistake it for a Mercedes-Benz gearbox, but an F-250 driven normally shifts consistently without significant lurches.
Remember that Chevy ad with Howie Long making fun of Ford's tailgate step? My labor this weekend proved just how out of touch Chevy's agency was when they conceived that spot. I filled the bed with chunks of concrete ranging from fist-sized pieces to eighty-pound hunks. Loading those biggest pieces required climbing into the bed, a feat that would have been impossible without the step. Instead of simply "walking up the stairs," you'd be forced to set your load on the tailgate, hoist yourself in, bend down and pick up your load, and then move it where needed. The tailgate step definitely makes work faster and easier on your body.
I was a bit frustrated by Ford's bed extender. In its stored position, it takes up a fair amount of space in the box and removing it requires a Torx driver larger than anything I own. It would be nice if the two bolts were replaced with a quick-release system for when you have an unexpected need to remove it.
The cabin is comfortable and the controls are quite intuitive, however I was a bit surprised by how poor the materials are in this $65,000 truck. Sure, you don't purchase a heavy-duty truck for the interior, but you do buy a King Ranch for the interior. Everything looks nice enough, but the plastics are seriously cheap, creaking and squeaking almost every time you touch them. Even the turn signal has this disconcerting crunch-squish when you activate it.
Eric Tingwall


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Thursday, February 11
Quicken Loans Arena
Attendance: 20,562
Cleveland, OH (Sports Network) - LeBron James had a near triple-double with 32 points, 13 assists and eight rebounds to lead the Cavaliers in a 115-106 triumph over fellow Eastern Conference power Orlando, tying the club record for consecutive wins at 13.
James scored 11 of his points during an 18-2 run that broke open what was a tie game at 96-96 with a little more than six minutes to play.
J.J. Hickson had 20 points and Anderson Varejao shot 8-of-11 for 16 points off the bench as the Cavs improved to 6-0 on their seven-game homestand and collected an 11th straight home win.
"It's definitely fun when you get one of the best teams in your house or when you play against one of the best teams. You want to try to see where you match up and you want to see if that winning streak is really valid," said James.
Dwight Howard and Rashard Lewis each posted 19 points, while the former also grabbed 11 boards. Vince Carter struggled to a 5-of-16 showing from the floor to end with 14 points, while Jameer Nelson scored 13 and added five assists as the Magic saw their three-game win streak go by the wayside.
James tied the game at 96 with a jumper, and in typical fashion, took over the game with a stunning display of skill. Shaquille O'Neal then threw down an alley-oop dunk off a toss from James, and the "King" drove to the rim for a layup with 3:53 to go for a 100-96 margin.
Nelson misfired on a three for Orlando and Delonte West, back after missing the last nine games with a broken left ring finger, drained a back-breaking three on the other end.
James knocked down another jumper to run Cleveland's lead to nine before Lewis hit two free throws to stop the bleeding. But O'Neal came back with an inside deuce and James dropped a trey before popping a cerebral turnaround jumper from the right wing for a commanding 112-98 lead with 1:11 to go.
"Look, he's the whole deal. I'm not trying to take credit away from anybody else, but he's the whole deal," Magic head coach Stan Van Gundy said of James. "The biggest thing was we couldn't stop them."
A late rally from the Magic proved futile with too little time to make up the difference.
Cleveland took a 37-23 lead into the second quarter, but Orlando methodically made up ground with fits of scoring throughout the second and trailed by only three, 66-63, at halftime.
Orlando moved in front to start the second half, opening on a Howard dunk and Nelson's jumper. The lead grew to 73-68 on a Lewis bucket four minutes in, but a 15-4 Cavs run to close the quarter had the hosts up 87-83 heading to the fourth.
Eddie F. Rush
Mike Callahan
Eric Lewis


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Purse, Scarf and Jewelry Sale Fundraiser
Event occured on Fri, May 30 2014, 9:00 am - 2:00 pm
Browse a large selection of gently used Jewelry, Purses and Scarves. Everything from vintage to designer to just plain fun! All at great prices. All proceeds go to Big Sky Honor Flight.
Website: http://www.westparksenior.com


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Book your room at Riu Palace Riviera Maya All Inclusive
Please enter your travel dates.
All-Inclusive beachfront resort near Playa del Carmen
White-sand beach
The Riu Palace Riviera fronts a white-sand beach in the Playacar resort complex near the convention center and ferry terminal. Guests have exchange privileges at 5 nearby partner properties. Playa del Carmen is 3 km (2 mi) away.
All-Inclusive resort
Meals and drinks, non-motorized water-sports equipment, and a kids club with daily supervised activities are included in the room rate. On site is a swimming pool with spa tub and swim-up bar.
Jetted tubs, balconies
Guestrooms at Riu Palace Riviera Maya feature balconies or patios, split-level sitting areas, and bathrooms with jetted tubs. All rooms have flat-screen TVs with satellite service, complimentary wireless Internet access, coffee/tea maker, minibars, and liquor dispensers.
Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!


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Mickey Head Sleigh bell & swirly ornaments
Does anyone have svg files for a mickey head sleigh bell and the mickey head swirly ornaments they would like to share? I'm done searching randomly on the internet for these files. Last week I downloaded malware into my computer from a site that I found files on (don't know which site it was, though, becuase I had been in about 30 different places that day). All I know is one minuted my computer is chugging along and the next it is locked up like fort knox. UGH!
How can I possibly have been on the boards as long as I have and not known you have a blog? Awesome! Thanks so much for sharing the file!
I don't advertise it, it's often neglected ;)
Do you have a picture of the jingle bell? I could try it tomorrow. |
Let me see if I can find it again. BRB.
It was used by MusicalDisneyDreams back in July 2011 in the Disney Event Swap. If you don't have that file its ok, I guess I could just use a regular sleigh bell instead. I really need to figure out how to make files myself now that I've tackled using other people's stuff. ::yes::
The first thing I need to learn to do is weld titles and download fonts. Not being able to make my own titles is driving me crazy. I just haven't had the time to sit down and learn to do it yet. You would think that after having my gypsy for two years I would know how to do it. Nope.....technology scares me so I've just put it aside and haven't learned to use it. |
I found MDD's picture. I can try to do it tomorrow. |
Thanks Jennifer. I really appreciate it. And I just might take you up on that tutoring session ;) I'm truly afraid I'm a lost cause.
I'm so sure you're not. I'm happy to help, we could do a phone call someday and work on a project together. You'll be amazed at how easy it is ;)
Danielle, I sent you an email, let me know if you have any trouble with it, or if you didn't get it!
Jennifer, I got it! :cheer2: Thanks so much for taking the time to do these for me. :flower3:
I have one (hopefully) easy question. Do SVG files work with SCAL? The reason I asked is because I downloaded a bunch a couple of weeks ago and when I look for them on my computer, they aren't there to use in my SCAL program? Do I need to download something to recognize them? I downloaded them onto a thumb drive on another computer and went to transfer them into my laptop and they aren't there, but when I plug the thumb drive into the desktop they are. Any idea what is happening? |
Yes, SVGs work with SCAL. You need to "import" them into the program. You can do it a couple different ways. Go to File, Import and then navigate to where they are, or click the +SVG icon under your menu bar. From there you can ungroup, edit, make into a shadow, etc.
HTH! ETA - Do you want me to add the hook holder to the Swirly head? LMK and I can. |
If it's not too much trouble to add it I wouldn't mind. If it's a pain....don't worry about it. I can work around it.
Gonna try to download my first font file today. We will see how many tears of frustration it causes me. |
Sent! DH is coming home early, something about him having too much vacation time to carry over or cash out...all I know it's going to cramp my style...(He's at least bringing lunch).
I'd be happy to walk you through Fonts, maybe this weekend? |
Anyway, I'm packing up the boys up tonight to go camping right after school/work tomorrow (its supposed to be 24 degrees overnight friday night) with their boy scout troop. Way too cold for me!! DH is going too, so I will have a weekend free that I'm spending with my sisters. Think we are gonna try to start some Christmas shopping. I won't be home until Sunday night, but maybe that would work? If not, I'm sure we can work something out sometime soon. I really feel silly having to ask for help. I'm sure once someone walks me through it I will wonder what all the fuss was for, but I'm just so bad with all this computer stuff. My poor little gypsy sits in the box where it has been since more than a year ago when I put it out of sight out of frustration. :crazy2: Truthfully the only reason why I decided to try to tackle scal after having it for so long and not using it was because my swap partner said she loves elaborate titles. Thought that was the perfect push to get me off my duff and starting to learn. Have a great weekend and I will catch up with you soon! PMing you my cell number....maybe we can text to find out a good time? |
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The Wilderness Protocol is a suggestion that those outside of repeater range should monitor standard simplex channels at specific times in case others have Emergency or priority calls.
The primary frequency monitored is 146.52 MHz; secondarily or alternatively 52.525, 223.5, 446.0 and 1294.5 MHz respectively. The idea is to allow communications between
hams that are hiking or backpacking in uninhabited areas, outside repeater range an alternative opportunity to be heard.
NOTE- This is NOT just for hikers, back packers, or similar situations....it is for ANYONE to use at ANYTIME...that you need assistance. YOU HAVE NOTHING TO LOOSE BY NOTING THIS "WILDERNESS PROTOTYPE" AND USING IT IF YOU NEED IT.
Recommended Use of "Wilderness Protocol"
There were also schemes to monitor remotely for LITZ signals, much like the EMERGENCY LANDING BEACONS FOR AIRCRAFT (ELT) are monitored by some Amateur Repeater Stations. GPS encoded signals for MARINE VHF DISTRESS and other technologies are saving lives world-wide.
Some consumer products that arrived on US market in 2004 and beyond, use cellular telehone technology, and special satellite relayed technologies
to summon help for individuals and vehicle emergencies.(Cellular Telephone equipment and other commercial satellite systems are usually not present, appropriate or practical for the scope of the technology/procedures in this article.)
The author of this page reminds you that most of this information appears elsewhere on the internet, and
in various printed publications, and it has been combined with other information for the purposes of this article.
Last Updated: Novermber 11, 2006
Greg Greenwood, WB6FZH
Note: in 2006 some national attention to similar plans has been helped by manufacturers of FRS radios.
VISIT Trinity County ARES Page


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- What 'Democracy' Really Means in U.S. and New York Times Jargon: Latin America Edition (The Intercept, Oct 17, 2014):
One of the most accidentally revealing media accounts highlighting the real meaning of "democracy" in U.S. discourse is a still-remarkable 2002 New York Times Editorial on the U.S.-backed military coup in Venezuela, which temporarily removed that country's democratically elected (and very popular) president, Hugo Chávez. Rather than describe that coup as what it was by definition – a direct attack on democracy by a foreign power and domestic military which disliked the popularly elected president – the Times, in the most Orwellian fashion imaginable, literally celebrated the coup as a victory for democracy:
With yesterday's resignation of President Hugo Chávez, Venezuelan democracy is no longer threatened by a would-be dictator. Mr. Chávez, a ruinous demagogue, stepped down after the military intervened and handed power to a respected business leader, Pedro Carmona.
Thankfully, said the NYT, democracy in Venezuela was no longer in danger . . . because the democratically-elected leader was forcibly removed by the military and replaced by an unelected, pro-U.S. "business leader." The Champions of Democracy at the NYT then demanded a ruler more to their liking: "Venezuela urgently needs a leader with a strong democratic mandate to clean up the mess, encourage entrepreneurial freedom and slim down and professionalize the bureaucracy." Continue reading »
Tags: Global News, Government, Hugo Chavez, Politics, U.S., Venezuela


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Revised Standard Version (RSV) | New International Version (NIV) |
2 "Speak to the people of Israel, that they take for me an offering; from every man whose heart makes him willing you shall receive the offering for me. | 2 "Tell the Israelites to bring me an offering. You are to receive the offering for me from each man whose heart prompts him to give. |
Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright 1952 [2nd edition, 1971] by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved. (Revised Standard Version - Holy Bible) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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You are now viewing accessories for this device. Tap here at any time to change devices.
The German-engineered iGRIP Traveler kit keeps your iPhone® securely and conveniently mounted to your windshield or dash for easy viewing while driving. Ideal when using GPS navigation applications or for handsfree conversations, this versatile mount can switch between portrait and landscape positions, is easy to install/remove, and fits all vehicles.


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I have stayed at Casalinda Hotel Boutique the last two times I have visited San Miguel and wouldn't stay anywhere else! The location is perfect, our room was impeccable, the staff are warm and efficient yet relaxed, the breakfast experience is a delight. Though technically Casalinda Hotel Boutique is a B&B, it's much more like a luxury boutique hotel, which... More
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POSTED: Wednesday, October 24, 2012 - 1:28pm
UPDATED: Wednesday, October 24, 2012 - 5:59pm
TYLER — UPDATE (2:27pm): Tyler Police have discovered another business that may have been a part of the same overnight burglary spree that occurred early Wednesday morning.
Taquerie E! Lugar 3, located on the 2000 block of E. Fifth Street, was burglarized as well as four others overnight.
Investigators are following up on evidence that was recovered on Damarian Amie that links him to this burglary.
ORIGINAL STORY (7:38am): A rash of overnight burglaries has landed three East Texas men in jail.
Tyler Police say the Laundry Room, XLN, Mama's Restaurant and the Midway Food Mart were all burglarized overnight.
At 2:06 am, police responded to the Laundry Room, where they found a broken window. Two men were stopped nearby and, as the investigation continued, both Lucarus Butler, 20 and Matthew Taylor, 17, were arrested for possession of criminal instrument and attempted burglary.
At 3:33 am, officers were called to XLN and Mama's Restaurant, both on East 5th. Officers found broken windows at both businesses.
At 4:24 am, officers were called to the Midway Food Mart on South Broadway. The business had been broken into. One suspect, Damarian Amie, 18, of Tyler, was apprehended nearby and arrested for attempted burglary.


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Winnipeg officials await further water tests after positive samples of E....
MISSISSAUGA — Mississauga sisters Benishiya and Brianna Dilipkumar know how...
Hulk Hogan has revealed he is training hard to have another match in WWE...
They're proud of their achievements but refuse to view themselves as a...
Rising costs 'devastating' to those with low incomes, on welfare
Oakville Crusaders teams claimed two official provincial rugby titles and one unofficial one Sunday.
The Crusaders' under-16 Arrows and U14 Lancers boys' squads both easily won their Rugby Ontario Junior Cup finals, while the under-15 girls dominated the competition they faced in the event's festival division.
The Arrows and Lancers qualified for the Junior Cup by winning their Toronto Rugby Union regional championships earlier this year.
U16 Arrows
Oakville claimed the U16 provincial crown with a 20-0 blanking of the Belleville Bulldogs.
After clinging to a 3-0 lead at halftime, the Arrows broke open the game with 17 unanswered points in the second half. Josh Ince and Tate Ruse scored tries for Oakville, with Andrew Wilson booting two penalty kicks and two converts.
That victory came after a 29-8 rout of the defending provincial champion Brantford Harlequins in the semifinal.
Arrows head coach Graham Bridges highlighted Mark Plotycia, Ryan Davies, Connor Fitzgerald, Ince and Wilson as players who shone in the Junior Cup tournament, but stressed the team relied on more than its starting 15.
"We needed a big squad to make sure we had cover for any and every eventuality… With each of the games so tightly balanced, we (as the coaches) were conscious not to disrupt the flow, tempo and synergy of the team with a series of substitutions. Sadly, that meant some of our players saw very little time on the field in those finals," Bridges wrote in an email. "As we had spoken at the time, that does not make them any less part of this. They are indeed a vital and equal part of the squad, and own an equal share of the victory as every other player."
Rounding out the Arrows squad are Stephen Lockhart, Rohan Goswami, Michael Cameron, Austin Valentini, Shane Blinco, Alex Butt, Robbie McNaughton, Phillip Lombard, Max Reid, Cole Smith, Kevin Parera, Brendan Scrivo, Josh Petitjean, Finlay Flemington, Quinn Hopkins, Avery Oitomen, Dylan Giles, Tate Ruse, Bryan Baxter, Alistair Howes and Lucas Smith.
The Arrows are part of the Crusaders' 15/16 boys division, which also includes the Toronto Rugby Union Championship Division title-winning Pikes. The Pikes defeated the Oshawa Vikings 41-5 in the TRU final, getting tries from Rowan Ecclestone (two), Will Dodds, Domenic Johnson, Cameron Haslam, Josh Englebrecht and Callum Tam. Other contributors to the team, which finished second to another Crusaders team — the Swords — during regular-season play, were Jordan Savage, Ben Whelan, Adyan Sharda, Matt Spiller, Darren Kocken, Ryan Trotman, Ethan Yhip, Duncan Thompson, Nathan Jutronich, Will Cheesewright, Griffin Smith, Callaghan Wade, Jiwan Deol, Daniel Cirone, Luke Grandy, Ruaridh McIntyre, Alexei Morita and Will Yeates.
Simon Fitzgerald, Seamus Twohig, David Thompson, Pierre McLean, Bill Corless, Keith Ekron and Bridges oversee the Crusaders' U15/16 boys' program.
U14 Lancers
The Lancers also started their final slowly before taking control.
Oakville and the Oshawa Vikings were scoreless at the 15-minute mark, but the Lancers built a 21-5 lead by halftime and went on to prevail 52-5. It was the second straight year the Lancers beat Oshawa in the Ontario final.
Jack Shaw led the way with three tries, two of them coming in the opening half. E.J. Rerri added two scores and Spencer Canavan, Andrew Easson and Tiago Santos notched singles.
"It was a great team performance as tackling and loose play were outstanding from the entire team," head coach John Easson wrote on the Crusaders' website.
Easson also credited excellent kicking by Luke Engelbrecht and penetrating runs by forwards Caleb Delaney, Parker Furness and Declan Finerty as keys to the win.
Other members of the team are Brandon Bennell, Morgan Puddefoot, Ryan Radovich, Adam Dellow, Ben Ecclestone, Ryan Pfeifer, Bodin Ingaldson, Logan Harris, James Hall, Kanishka Almeida, Charlie Biggar and Graydon Gillingham. Terry Bennell, Simon Puddefoot, Kerry Williamson, Geoff Bowman, Jean Paul Desmerais, Richard Schooling and Richard White are assistant coaches.
U15 girls
The U15 Crusaders girls defeated their three festival division opponents by a combined score of 100-5.
Oakville's wins came over the Brantford Harlequins (48-0), Peterborough Pagans (25-0) and an amalgamated squad of players from the Aurora Barbarians, Fergus Highlanders, Norfolk Harvesters and Stoney Creek Camels (27-5).
"There is no Ontario championship trophy or recognition for U15 girls, but as far as anyone who witnessed the games… there is no doubt who is the best team in the province," assistant coach Richard Schooling wrote on the Crusaders' website.
Schooling added that last weekend's opponents had played the Crusaders fairly evenly during the regular season, suggesting that the blowout scores showed how much Oakville improved throughout the year.
The team roster includes Sela Caskenette, Hanna Reidy, Niamh Reidy, Kira Ramroop, Hannah Petriv, Sarah Cowle, Madison Pery, Sarah O'Connell, Lindsey Butt, Sydney Pastorek, Jessika Hurd, Kelsey Gerynowicz, Mengjie Dai, Bridget Peros, Simone Oliveira, Thea White, Josie Marshall, Dana Surtees, Sydney Oitomen, Hannah Morton, Taylor Black, Annie-Rose Johnson and Renee Flicko. Richard White also coaches the team and Peter Black is the manager.
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World English Bible (WEB) | New International Version (NIV) |
8 giving vengeance to those who don't know God, and to those who don't obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus, | 8 He will punish those who do not know God and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. |
The World English Bible is in the public domain. (The World English Bible Online) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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Fresh ravioli wins out
I dusted off the pasta roller. The only time I had tried to use it, the pasta had tasted like heavy glue.
When we were In Italy all last summer, our friend Maurizio showed us a Super 8 film of his mother cooking homemade pasta. In it, Senora C. stands before the camera looking very serious. Then the frame cuts to her pouring a neat pile of semolina onto a counter and carefully mounding it. She makes a well in the middle of the mound, cracks two eggs into it, and beats them with the efficiency of a trained chef. Little by little the mound of flour mixes with the eggs. Then she adds some olive oil and a sprinkling of water. After a little kneading, the result is a beautiful yellow dough, which she covers with a towel to allow it to rest.
On our visit, we had meant to stay only for coffee, but Maurizio's mother ended up making us a spectacular lunch of pasta alla chitarra and roasted chicken. Then his father was driving back to Pescara from L'Aquila and it would be such a shame for us not to see him, so they invited us for dinner.
It was after a dinner of salad, black olives, Abruzzese sheep's milk cheese, and salami that we saw the film:
After the pasta rests, Senora C. rolls it in long sheets. Her hand cranks the dough through the machine quickly, and she sprinkles it with flour if it gets too tacky. Turn, turn, turn, and the dough is one long sheet. Eight times through, and she switches to the cutting die. One last turn, and perfectly cut strands of fresh pasta emerge from a sheet of dough.
When we got back home, I dusted off the pasta roller that my husband, James, had bought me years before. The only time I had tried to use it, the clamps that fasten it to the table kept slipping and the pasta tasted like heavy glue.
This time I was determined. My 6-year-old daughter, Vesperine, helped me make the dough – and she ran it through the roller as though she had been born to make pasta.


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10th annual Ag Forum will highlight importance
of agriculture-military partnerships
The potential for North Carolina's two largest industries – agriculture and the military – to work together will be highlighted at the 10th annual Ag Development Forum on Feb. 5 at the State Fairgrounds. The forum will take place from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. in the Holshouser Building.
Admission is free and lunch will be provided, but registration is requested by Jan. 30. Read More>> | Register>>
Several NC crops had record yields in 2014
2014 was a record-setting year for several North Carolina crops, according to the USDA's annual crop summary.
The statewide average yields for cotton, peanuts and sweet potatoes set new records, while soybean yields tied a record and production of tobacco was the most since 1998. Read More>>
NCDA&CS launches focus on ag pollinators
Up to a third of the food we eat can be directly attributed to the work of bees, birds, butterflies and other animals.
Habitat loss, disease and environmental changes have contributed to the decline of pollinators, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The best way to reverse this is a multi-step approach to support pollinators through expanding and protecting habitats on the farm and protecting pollinators. Find out more about what the NCDA&CS is doing -- and how farmers and landowners can help. Details>>


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More Recipe Collections
Lauren's Favorite Sparks
(102 Recipes) Created by LAC9722
Recipes in this Collection
A yummy way to start the day with very little fat and lots of flavor! Submitted by JOJOMKE Carbs: 23.6g | Fat: 0.5g | Fiber: 1.7g | Protein: 3g | Calories: 93.2
Very Good 4.8/5
(4 ratings)
This is a nice side dish that has lots of flavor Submitted by SERENARENEE Carbs: 9.5g | Fat: 3.5g | Fiber: 2.4g | Protein: 0.9g | Calories: 69.7
This quick and healthy side dish takes just minutes to prepare! And as a bonus, it's an easy way to get the kids to eat their vegetables. Submitted by MATCM81 Carbs: 7.3g | Fat: 1.6g | Fiber: 2.5g | Protein: 3.2g | Calories: 51.6
Very Good 4.6/5
(5 ratings)
For a sexy desert to share with your special someone, try this luscious dark mocha desert that's as as easy to make as any instant pudding mix. This recipe makes four small servings at less than 100 calories each, or two very generous helpings at still less than 190 calories. Dust the whipped topping with cocoa, cinnamon, or nutmeg for a special final touch. Submitted by ONESWEETSHANNON Carbs: 12.5g | Fat: 0.2g | Fiber: 0.8g | Protein: 3.1g | Calories: 92.2
This recipe has been marked private.
Very Good 4.4/5
(140 ratings)
Crispy Chicken Breasts Submitted by STARBERR1E Carbs: 12.2g | Fat: 1.5g | Fiber: 0.4g | Protein: 28.2g | Calories: 180.4
Very Good 4.7/5
(3 ratings)
Submitted by LITTLE_NIKKE Carbs: 0.4g | Fat: 4.4g | Fiber: 0.2g | Protein: 24.7g | Calories: 146.3
Very Good 4.2/5
(28 ratings)
Submitted by SONICKRISTIN Carbs: 9.3g | Fat: 10.7g | Fiber: 0.5g | Protein: 20.1g | Calories: 211.2
Very Good 4.6/5
(10 ratings)
Extremely fast and tasty! Cost for this recipe is less than 2.00 per serving! Submitted by BILLIARDBOYZMOM Carbs: 8.4g | Fat: 9.7g | Fiber: 1g | Protein: 26.5g | Calories: 229.6
Very Good 4.8/5
(32 ratings)
Submitted by EASHLEY76 Carbs: 0g | Fat: 10.7g | Fiber: 0g | Protein: 30g | Calories: 223
Very Good 4.7/5
(7 ratings)
Delicous and quick! Submitted by ANYANA Carbs: 12.2g | Fat: 0.6g | Fiber: 0.4g | Protein: 23.9g | Calories: 150.5
Submitted by EUNICEMONTEIRO Carbs: 26.2g | Fat: 2.8g | Fiber: 0.5g | Protein: 2.9g | Calories: 147.4
Very Good 4.4/5
(30 ratings)
Yummy and healthy tilapia fish tacos recipe!! Submitted by 96HOCKEYMOM Carbs: 42.3g | Fat: 20g | Fiber: 11.3g | Protein: 35.8g | Calories: 466.7
Enjoy this healthy and easy-to-make slow cooker salsa chicken recipe. Carbs: 6.7g | Fat: 6.8g | Fiber: 0.9g | Protein: 26.3g | Calories: 197.2
I took my original recipe and upped the protein to 3 scoops and took out some of the dry milk to lower carbs. These stats are based on a low carb protein powder (20 gms a scoop). Submitted by JOEKNEE Carbs: 5.5g | Fat: 5.4g | Fiber: 1.1g | Protein: 7.1g | Calories: 95.3
Very Good 4.0/5
(36 ratings)
High protein, low fat, very high taste! Submitted by DJENSENAK Carbs: 26.5g | Fat: 3.5g | Fiber: 15.2g | Protein: 16.6g | Calories: 154.8
Very Good 4.8/5
(4 ratings)
I love this dressing becase it is simple and always fresh. The avocado gives me healthy monounsaturated fat, and the variety of spices and vinegar choices give me a thousand different combinations. Every salad is a new adventure. Submitted by NITABUG68 Carbs: 7.4g | Fat: 6.7g | Fiber: 3.7g | Protein: 1.3g | Calories: 85.7
Very Good 4.5/5
(15 ratings)
Submitted by TEHAMMER Carbs: 15.8g | Fat: 2.8g | Fiber: 4g | Protein: 5.8g | Calories: 105.1
Very Good 4.5/5
(27 ratings)
Submitted by AIMEEFLA Carbs: 15.1g | Fat: 3.6g | Fiber: 1.9g | Protein: 57.3g | Calories: 330.6
Very Good 4.2/5
(75 ratings)
Orange and grapefruit add flavor and vitamin-C to this fiber rich bean salad. Carbs: 33.1g | Fat: 4.5g | Fiber: 10.5g | Protein: 9.1g | Calories: 197.9


text:
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OCR for page 19
Data Acquisition
In order to carry out the observational plan outlined in the previous chapter,
it will be necessary to deploy a complex and highly integrated observing
system. The characteristics of this system have been discussed in some detail
in previous reports. In this chapter we will comment on only those aspects of
the observing system that are in need of further emphasis or clarification.
4.1 Platforms
4.1.1 The geostationary satellite is an indispensable element of the observa-
tional network. Implementation of the experiment should be made con-
tingent upon having at least one such satellite, in fully functioning condition,
in orbit over the region of the ground-based network. A satellite with capa-
bilities comparable to the proposed SMS/GOES series, including nighttime
capability (as compared with the present ATS type) would greatly increase
the scientific potential of the experiment. The possibility of infrared and
radar sounding from a geostationary satellite should also be given serious
consideration. It would be desirable to have some backup capability in the
form of a second geostationary satellite that could be moved into the area
of the experiment, should the first one fail.
Polar-orbiting satellites with infrared sounding capability for deducing
temperature will be helpful in analyzing subtropical regions.
4.1.2 The primary function of ships will be to serve as fixed platforms for
radar and radiosonde observations. Vessels used for this purpose need not be
OCR for page 19
fully instrumented for research purposes. The network configurations dis-
cussed in the previous section will require 8-10 ships on station, continuously,
throughout the 3-month period of the experiment.
If oceanographic research vessels are included as part of the ship-based
network, a conflict may arise between meteorological needs, which are best
met by maintaining the ships in fixed positions, and oceanographic needs,
which require some degree of mobility. A workable compromise can, in all
probability, be worked out by allowing these ships to operate freely within
some specified radius of their prescribed locations. A radius as large as 5
percent of the ship spacing (about 12 km), would not present serious diffi-
culties from a meteorological point of view.
4.1.3 Aircraft will perform two functions in the experiment: (a) Dropping
sondes from altitudes about, or higher than, 35,000 ft on trans-Atlantic
flights. The extent of required dropsonde coverage has not yet been estab-
lished. (b) Intensive sampling of the internal structure of convective en-
sembles. This task will require highly instrumented aircraft capable of flying
at levels from 500 ft to 55,000 ft. Measurements will include Doppler winds,
aerial photography, convective-scale vertical motions, temperature, relative
humidity, liquid-water content, drop size, certain radiative fluxes, vertical
fluxes of moisture, and sensible heat. To obtain the needed measurements, it
will be necessary to have six to ten aircraft in the air simultaneously during
periods of intensive sampling (about one day in four). These will include two
to four flying below cloud base (these should be equipped with inertial plat-
forms), one or two near or above the cloud tops, and the remainder at inter-
mediate levels.
A minimum number of 10-12 well-instrumented aircraft appear to be re-
quired to carry out the intensive sampling outlined in (b). We note that this
is about double the number of aircraft presently committed for the
4.1.4 Tethered balloons show considerable promise as a tool for monitoring
the subcloud layer. These devices should be placed on as many ships as possi-
ble. To be of use in the experiment, balloons must be developed that are
capable of staying aloft during periods of disturbed weather.
4.1.5 Buoys may be of some limited use for surface observations. Highest-
priority meteorological observations are wind and rainfall. Hourly observa-
tions would be sufficient. From a meteorological point of view, one addi-
tional ship in the network would be of more value than many buoys.
OCR for page 19
4.2 Radiosonde Observations
Accuracy requirements are
(a) Dropsondes: winds to 2 m sec"1 in about 150-mbar or layers; other
parameters of less importance.
(b) Ship-based network: winds to 1 m sec"1 with vertical resolution to
at least 2 km; preferably 1/2 km. Temperature to 0.2°C. Mixing ratio to
0.5 g/kg.
If the proposed Omega system cannot fulfill the wind requirements,
serious consideration should be given to implementing the loran system over
the limited region of the ship-based network.
4.3 Radar
In past experiments, the processing of radar data has lagged so far behind the
rest of the data processing that much of the potential of this component of
the observational network has not been realized. Since we anticipate that
radar will play a major role in the proposed observing system, it is extremely
important that this situation be remedied in the time that remains before the
There is need of a quantitative meteorological radar system with real-time,
digital data processing. This would reduce vast accumulations of radar film
to a manageable amount of digital data which can be integrated with the
other results of the experiment. It would also facilitate displays of the dis-
tribution of radar echoes over the entire ship-based network, in real time,
which would be useful for planning aircraft routing. There is also need for
further work in relating radar data to enhanced cloudiness images from the
satellite. The latter may be extremely useful for intercalibrating the radar
echoes at various distances from the receivers and from different types of
The problem of deducing rainfall rates from calibrated radar and satellite
information deserves immediate attention.


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Vickie's Much Loved Recipes
(20 Recipes) Created by TAUWZER
Recipes in this Collection
Take pita bread to a crunchy new level. Carbs: 17.8g | Fat: 5.3g | Fiber: 2.4g | Protein: 3.2g | Calories: 126
This homemade alternative to store-bought granola bars, is a good source of protein, fiber and healthy fats. Tasty and so simple to make! A quarter cup of raisins (not included here) also make a yummy addition! Submitted by COACH_NICOLE Carbs: 39.6g | Fat: 5.4g | Fiber: 4.5g | Protein: 6.9g | Calories: 220.4
Good 3.5/5
(66 ratings)
Great served with our Chili Lime Tortilla Chips. Carbs: 9.5g | Fat: 0.4g | Fiber: 1.9g | Protein: 2.6g | Calories: 47.4
If you are a fan of pudding, you are going to love this quick breakfast dish!! Submitted by ERUPERTO Carbs: 37.5g | Fat: 3.8g | Fiber: 5g | Protein: 9g | Calories: 225
Very Good 4.0/5
(36 ratings)
High protein, low fat, very high taste! Submitted by DJENSENAK Carbs: 26.5g | Fat: 3.5g | Fiber: 15.2g | Protein: 16.6g | Calories: 154.8
This low-cal lemonade is perfect on a hot afternoon. Submitted by GMRKITTY Carbs: 6.2g | Fat: 0g | Fiber: 0.1g | Protein: 0.1g | Calories: 7.6
Great on whole-wheat crackers or even toast. Carbs: 5.1g | Fat: 2.6g | Fiber: 1.6g | Protein: 2g | Calories: 50
This hearty entrée uses half ground turkey and half lean ground beef and no added salt for a lower fat and salt tasty treat. Carbs: 13.5g | Fat: 6.2g | Fiber: 3.6g | Protein: 13g | Calories: 155.5
Very Good 4.3/5
(36 ratings)
These almonds will be the hit of your party! Carbs: 7.5g | Fat: 19.9g | Fiber: 4.4g | Protein: 7.7g | Calories: 223.9
You'll love this healthy, simple alternative to cabbage rolls! Submitted by CHATTYCATHY2 Carbs: 14.3g | Fat: 3.5g | Fiber: 2.4g | Protein: 9.9g | Calories: 153.1
A filling breakfast or post-workout recovery drink, this protein-packed smoothie tastes just like strawberry cheesecake! You can also substitute any other fruit for the strawberries, or add half the strawberries and half a different kind of fruit. (We love the classic strawberry banana combo!) Submitted by OILPAINTER Carbs: 36.4g | Fat: 2.7g | Fiber: 6.2g | Protein: 19.4g | Calories: 236.3
Who can resist thick, creamy decadent cheesecake? Try this low-fat version in the single serving size. Carbs: 14.4g | Fat: 4.4g | Fiber: 0.1g | Protein: 6g | Calories: 120.6
This quick and healthy side dish takes just minutes to prepare! And as a bonus, it's an easy way to get the kids to eat their vegetables. Submitted by MATCM81 Carbs: 7.3g | Fat: 1.6g | Fiber: 2.5g | Protein: 3.2g | Calories: 51.6
Very Good 4.5/5
(6 ratings)
Submitted by SHANMAR1971 Carbs: 14.2g | Fat: 6.3g | Fiber: 4.7g | Protein: 2.3g | Calories: 100.3
Butternut squash helps slim down this macaroni and cheese. You can't taste it, and it boosts the nutritional value of the dish! Submitted by STEPFANIER Carbs: 35.8g | Fat: 4.3g | Fiber: 5.2g | Protein: 13.2g | Calories: 230
Triathlete Brendan Brazier shared these raw energy bar recipes with us. While energy bars can be pricey, you can make them at home to control costs. Submitted by DAILYSPARKGUEST Carbs: 19g | Fat: 3.2g | Fiber: 3.6g | Protein: 3.9g | Calories: 102.9
This is a delicious, light, refreshing dessert. It's low cal and sugar and can be made with the lite pie filling in any flavor. Note that this needs to be made the night before to soften the graham crackers. Submitted by HOCKIMAMA Carbs: 16.2g | Fat: 0.3g | Fiber: 0.4g | Protein: 2.8g | Calories: 80.1
Delicious and quick, this dish is a great way to get more fish into your healthy meal plan! We think this baked tilapia recipe can't be beat! Submitted by RACHIELOO Carbs: 1.2g | Fat: 10.5g | Fiber: 0g | Protein: 19.6g | Calories: 177.1
A friend issued a challenge to cure a Nutella addiction. This recipe was just the ticket! No hydrogenated oils, fewer calories, less fat--and more fiber and protein! Submitted by STEPFANIER Carbs: 8.5g | Fat: 7.5g | Fiber: 1.7g | Protein: 2.3g | Calories: 101.3
This recipe is awesome for breakfast on the run. One batch can be divided and last you the whole week! Submitted by ASHLEYINFL Carbs: 2.8g | Fat: 10.4g | Fiber: 1.1g | Protein: 11g | Calories: 147.2


text:
Common English Bible (CEB) | New International Version (NIV) |
1 God, listen to my cry; pay attention to my prayer! | 1 Hear my cry, O God; listen to my prayer. |
Copyright © 2011 Common English Bible (Common English Bible) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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Welcoming our guest répétiteurs for Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs
We have the pleasure of welcoming choreographer Gyula Harangozo and his associate Blanka Fajith Rotterne this week. Both of whom are flying from Europe to teach the Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs repertory to our dancers and to also oversee the staging of the production which premieres 21st November 2014.
Welcoming back conductor Wolfgang Heinz.
We are delighted to welcome the return of conductor Wolfgang Heinz. Wolfgang was here in Perth earlier this year for our production of Giselle and will be here once again from the 11th November. He will be commencing rehearsals with West Australian Philharmonic Orchestra, for our production of Snow White and the 7 Dwarf's, staying here until the closing night performance on Sunday 14th December .
West Australian Ballet welcomes new patron – Governor Kerry Sanderson AO
West Australian Ballet is pleased to announce that Her Excellency the Honourable Kerry Sanderson AO, newly sworn in Governor of Western Australia, has accepted the invitation to become the Company's new patron. Respected former public servant and Agent- General, she stepped into the role immediately upon her formal appointment as Governor and succeeds former Governor Hon. Malcolm McCusker AC CVO QC, whose term ended 31 June.
World Ballet Day Live 2014!
Tomorrow on Wednesday 1st October 2014 at 10am (AWST) the first-ever World Ballet Day LIVE will take place. A twenty hour non-stop live-streaming event involving some of the world's leading ballet companies across multiple timezone's, celebrating dance and the inherent athleticism and daily dedication of all those involved in world class ballet companies.
La Fille mal gardée Audition
OPEN AUDITION – GIRLS AND BOYS – 9 to 11 YEARS OLD
West Australian Ballet has an exciting opportunity for young dancers to be involved in the upcoming season of La Fille mal gardée (The Wayward Daughter) at His Majesty's Theatre (5-20 September 2014). We are auditioning for children to perform in the village scenes in Act 2. This is your chance to experience rehearsing and performing with West Australian Ballet!
Extra Ballet at the Quarry show added
Popular demand for Ballet at the Quarry leads to extra performance added.
After a sell out opening weekend, and with very limited options for the remainder of the season, West Australian Ballet has added an additional show to Ballet at the Quarry. The extra performance will be added for Tuesday 25 February and go on sale from today, making the season now 17 performances long. The programme, headlined by Edward Clug's Radio and Juliet with music by Radiohead, has proved to be the company's most popular at the Quarry Amphitheatre to date.
Ballet at the Quarry runs until 1 March.
Tickets $39 – $65. Visit waballet.com.au or call Ticketmaster on 136 100