text:
Files | Size | Format | View |
3256705.PDF | 5.998Mb | application/pdf |
Title: | Physical layer algorithms with limited feedback: Power control and coding strategies |
Author: | Khoshnevis, Ahmad |
Advisor: | Sabharwal, Ashutosh |
Degree: | Doctor of Philosophy thesis |
Abstract: | The uncertainty in the received signal is the main limiting factor for the throughput of any communication system with limited resources. In this thesis we analyze the potential gain in throughput by managing channel uncertainty, noise, and interference using algorithms such as power control and coding techniques applied at the transmitter. Our contributions are (i) design and analysis of algorithms based on limited information about the uncertainties, and (ii) taking into account the resources required for collecting these information. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part considers the case of channel information at the transmitter. Since most receivers implicitly or explicitly estimate the channel, often a closed loop system is designed to provide the channel state information at the transmitter. We model a finite capacity feedback link by assuming that only few bits of information about the channel are available at the transmitter. We develop a power control algorithm that is asymptotically optimum. Using the designed power control scheme, we characterize the tradeoff between diversity order and multiplexing gain of the multiple antenna systems, and conclude that feedback can significantly reduce uncertainty due to channel fading. In the second part we consider a multiple access channel with two transmitters and a single receiver, and analyze the impact of cooperation between the senders on the system throughput. In two case studies we establish the importance of cooperation, and the tradeoff between throughput and access overhead. Further, we show that the cost associated with establishing cooperation may exceed the consequent gain. Thus, as the major contribution of the second part, we develop a model based on two-way channel. We are the first to find upper and lower bounds on achievable rates of multiple access two-way channels with noisy feedback. Since the feedback link uses the same channel resources, the cost of feedback is automatically considered. By constructing a coding scheme we show that the two-way channel model is essential in having throughput gain in multiple access channel with noisy feedback. We also demonstrate that feedback based cooperation can reduce uncertainty due to interference and additive noise. |
Citation: | Khoshnevis, Ahmad. (2007) "Physical layer algorithms with limited feedback: Power control and coding strategies." Doctoral Thesis, Rice University. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/20616. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1911/20616 |
Date: | 2007 |


text:
Thompson Square
Interview: Thompson Square on Heart-Wrenching New Single 'I Can't Outrun You'
Heartbreak is a standard topic in country music. And most of us can relate to it all too well, Thompson Square being no exception.
Interview: ACM Award Nominees Thompson Square Remember Their 'Unexpected' First Win
"Being told that you'll never win anything and accepting that in the beginning and then winning Duo of the Year it's like, 'What? What just happened?!' And then being nominated again, it's just amazing," Keifer Thompson said.
Thompson Square Shared Their First Radio Moment With A Random Woman In A Parked Car
In this installment of Radio Feedback, Shawna and Keifer Thompson share a funny story about the first time they heard their song "We Fight" on the radio.
ACM Honors Ceremony Pays Tribute To Singers, Songwriters & Country Music Legends
Jason Aldean, Guy Clark, Lady Antebellum, Blake Shelton, Keith Whitley and The Judds were among the artists celebrated during the ACM Honors event last night in Nashville, which was hosted by Dierks Bentley. Read our review and see photos!
Thompson Square On Surviving Vocal Hemorrhages & Hanging At Patsy Cline's House
"There was some writing on the garage door and it was actually Johnny Cash's signature and a note," Shawna said. "He left a note for Patsy on her garage door."
Thompson Square Shot 'Everything I Shouldn't Be Thinking About' Video Inside Patsy Cline's Home
The new video from Thompson Square has a distinct mid-20th-century vibe–which is no coincidence, as it was shot inside Patsy Cline's final residence in Nashville.
Luke Bryan, Jason Aldean & Dierks Bentley Wow Thousands At Faster Horses Festival
More than 20,000 fans attended the first-ever Faster Horses Festival in Michigan, which also featured Florida Georgia Line, Chris Young, Jerrod Niemann, Thompson Square, and Kix Brooks.
Get Y108 Luke Bryan Ticket Info
Get Y108 ticket info for Luke Bryan's 2013 "Dirt Road Diaries" Tour with special guests Thompson Square and Florida Georgia Line!
Thompson Square Cancels Shows Due To 'Serious Vocal Condition'
Keifer and Shawna Thompson of country group Thompson Square has been on a roll lately. Earlier this spring, they won Vocal Duo of the Year from the Academy of Country Music for the second year in a row, then saw their […]
King George: Thompson Square, Darius Rucker & More On George Strait's Influence
George Strait is set to hit a record no artist has reached before. If his current single "Give It All We Got Tonight" makes it to No. 1 on the country charts, he'll be the only […]

subset: commoncrawl


text:
You must earn 10,000 points to post other members' whiteboard
Good Evening Bababooey2, Just drop you a line that Expapermak pass way Saturday evening. He will be missed.....
Going out with the old in with a Happy New Year!
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year my friend.
bababooey2...Made it home so I can say Merry Christmas & Happy New Year!
Wishing you a safe, warm & peaceful Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!
Yeah, it's "copy and paste, ad infinitum," but it's the only way to tell over 200 of you that I wish you a MIRACULOUS MERRY and a HAPPY HAPPY and to tell you that I am blessed to have you as a friend. Merry Christmas, Buddy!
Wishing you a very Merry Christmas and have a great time with family and friends!!
Have a very Merry Christmas and may God bless you and yours - Tom
Happy holidays. Hoping that all your dreams come true!
"Merry Christmas and a Happy and Healthy New Year to you and your family."


text:
Great accommodation and service. Breakfast is OK however all the coffee or yes you want and good value for the cost. Would stay here again. Reception very helpful and spoke excellent english. Ask for a top floor room with patio.
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Expedia, Priceline, Booking.com, Despegar.com, Hotels.com, HostelBookers, Odigeo and TripOnline SA so you can book your Hotel Maza reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Maza Hotel Zaragoza


text:
You May Also Like
back to top- GET MORE INFO
- details
- |
- accessories
- |
- reviews
- |
- |
- manuals
back to topProduct Description
The Garmin eTrex 30 Handheld GPS is the perfect GPS for nearly any outdoor adventurers. It's got all the core features you need, including a worldwide shaded relief basemap, paperless geocaching, a 3-axis compass, and barometric altimeter. Includes a hunt and fish calendar and a trip computer with the ability to record waypoints, routes, and tracks. High-sensitivity, WAAS-enabled GPS receiver with HotFix with GNSS support. Bright 65k color TFT 2.2" display on the Garmin eTrex 30 improves the user interface. Offers 1.7 GB of internal memory and microSD card slot for additional storage. Rugged design meets IPX7 waterproof standards. Increased 25-hour battery life makes Garmin's eTrex 30 GPS the perfect guide for your favorite trail. USB interface for PC connectivity and mass storage mode. Supports spine mounting accessories. Garmin Connect lets you wirelessly share your location, routes, tracks, waypoints, and geocaches between compatible units. Includes USB cable, lanyard, and manual.


text: For those who love patio tomatoes, take an empty wine bottle, fill it with water and a little bit of soluble plant food then shove the bottle spout down deep into the tomato pot, not so close to the root, though. This helps hydrate your plant as well as feed it, since tomatoes are heavy feeders. I get the most productive tomato plants this way. Of course you'll still water, but if you're in a drier climate, or like me, forget to water, this helps keep the soil moist, and the plant is not too stressed.


text:
online tv
Better Watch Those Last Two 'Better Off Ted' Episodes
Fans of 'Better Off Ted' had to put up with a lot during its two-season run, which ended in cancellation. The critically acclaimed show was mostly ignored by ABC, despite the fact that it developed into an increasingly hilarious workplace comedy.
You'd have thought the biggest indignity faced by Ted and the crew at Veridian Dynamics was ABC's cracked-out scheduling of the show (season 2 premiered in December, one of television's most fatal dead zones, and one episode aired on New Year's Day, which is almost the same as not airing at all).
But no, there were more indignities to come. ABC held on to the final two episodes of the show like a corporate executive clutching a bonus check. The network even teased us earlier in the summer by scheduling a tentative airdate for the episodes, which was of course rescinded.
Hulu to charge for content; cubicle dwellers everywhere cringe
Hey you. Yeah, you - guy wasting company time by watching last week's episode of Heroes on Hulu. Enjoying it? Well, get ready to cough up some cash to find out what happens next.
In a move that we've all long feared was probably inevitable anyway, Chase Carey, deputy chairman of News Corp. (one of Hulu's co-owners) annouced that Hulu would begin charging users. According to Broadcasting & Cable, Hulu's fees could start as early as 2010.
You may commence booing now.
WGA strike gives rise to new web series
The months long Writers Guild of America strike that began November 1 of 2007 touched off a storm from which Hollywood still hasn't recovered. It slowed not only the production of new TV shows but the purchase and development of fresh material. The jury is still out on whether the settlement agreement that ended it all accomplish much for writers -- or merely set-up another strike in 2011.
Reports say, during the work stoppage, a group of top-shelf TV creators decided to step out of the traditional production model and develop material just for the web.
Could you go without cable TV?
When I'm not pumping out my latest TV rant for the ol' Squad here, I write pretty infrequently for another blog with some old college roomies called The Suite Spot. It's really nothing more than a bunch of disgruntled twentysomething males talking about whatever we want.
Anyway, a few weeks ago, my buddy Keith wrote something that astounded me: he's canceled his cable TV service. And not just cable - I mean everything. Basic service too. The man is TV-less.
Wha?!? Just how the heck can a red-blooded American male say no more to cable TV? Good-bye ESPN? So long crappy late night soft-core porn? Farewell Desperate Hou... wait, nevermind. That one sounds great, but you get my point.
Is Keith still watching TV? Sure, tons of it. But he's doing something that many of us only use as a supplement to our normal TV viewing. He's watching everything online.
TV Squad Hot Topics
Most Popular Articles
From Our Partners
- Best 'Glee' Quotes from 'The Hurt Locker, Part 2'
- 'NCIS' Episode 12.14 Photos: A Case Causes Tony to Flashback to His Days in Military School
- 'Grey's Anatomy': The 15 Most Bizarre Medical Cases
- 'Reign' Episode 2.13 Photos: Will Mary and Francis Reunite at the Winter's Ease Feast?
- 'Game of Thrones' Season 5 Photos
- More From BuddyTV
- Pilots: CBS Adds David Shore/Bryan Cranston Drama, James Patterson Riff
- Pilots: ABC Orders Comedies About Johnny Knoxville, NBA Odd Couple, Genius Kids, Plus 4 Others
- Ground Floor Cancelled at TBS
- Glee Recap: Love in an Elevator
- Pilots: ABC Orders College Conspiracy, Modern Oil Boom Dramas, Others
- More From TVLine


text:
Lexham English Bible (LEB) | New International Version (NIV) |
2 But the Jews who were disobedient stirred up and {poisoned the minds} of the Gentiles against the brothers. | 2 But the Jews who refused to believe stirred up the Gentiles and poisoned their minds against the brothers. |
Scripture quotations marked (LEB) are from the Lexham English Bible. Copyright 2012 Logos Bible Software. Lexham is a registered trademark of Logos Bible Software. (Lexham English Bible) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


text:
Rumor has it Taco Bell locations in Wichita, Kan. and Toledo, Ohio are testing hard shells made out of nacho flavored Doritos.
There is even a video of a customer trying out these new creations, what he calls "a two-in-one; a walk into heaven."
The test of this item, called Doritos Tacos Locos, apparently began last summer.
Reactions to this story on The Consumerist have been overwhelmingly positive, with many asking "what took so long?" One reader confirmed the item is available in Toledo for $1.19, versus 89 cents for a regular hard taco. Another confirmed that ads for Doritos Tacos Locos are running in the Northwest Ohio market.
Topics: Food & Beverage , Marketing / Branding / Promotion , Mexican , Product Reviews


text:
'The Giver' movie adaptation, starring Jeff Bridges, casts the part of protagonist Jonas
(Read article summary)The film adaptation of the classic children's novel by Lois Lowry recently cast actor Brenton Thwaites in the part of Jonas, a role for which some fans say he's too old.
Mario Anzuoni/Reuters
A movie adaptation of Lois Lowry's classic children's novel "The Giver" is slowly taking shape.
The film adaptation will star "Crazy Heart" actor Jeff Bridges as the Giver himself and, it was recently announced, actor Brenton Thwaites as Jonas, the protagonist of the novel.
According to the website The Wrap, "Salt" director Philip Noyce is directing the fillm. Screenwriter Vadim Perelman, who penned the screenplay for the 2003 film "House of Sand and Fog," is adapting the book for the big screen.
"The Giver," which was originally released in 1993, follows a boy named Jonas, who has been chosen to take on the post of Receiver of Memory in his society. He meets the Giver, the man who held the position before he did, and gradually realizes his world is not what it seems. Filming is planned to begin this fall.
A stage adaptation of the show had previously been produced and performed around the US.
Thwaites, who was reportedly born in 1989, is older than his character of Jonas in the novel, who is 12. This change has already angered some fans of the book, with Entertainment Weekly writer Hillary Busis writing a column titled "'The Giver': Why the movie's Jonas is the wrong choice." The casting of Thwaites "implies that [production staff] may fundamentally misunderstand the soul of Lois Lowry's original novel," she wrote, calling Jonas's age one of his "crucial traits."


text:
Choose a Destination... About the City Visiting SLO Whats New City Government Employment Opportunities Bids & Proposals FAQs How are we doing? ---City Departments--- Administration City Attorney City Clerk Community Development Economic Development Finance Fire Human Resources Natural Resources Parks & Recreation Police Public Works Special Activities Utilities
Enter what you're looking for in the field below.
The search engine will display a list of matches, ordered by relevance. Each match shows the title, a brief snippet of content, and a link directly to the document or page. Use the same search parameters you would on Google.
About the City | Visiting SLO | City Government | Employment Bids & Proposals | FAQs | Press Room | How are we doing?
©2014 City of San Luis Obispo


text:
Reader comments are listed below. Comments are currently closed and new comments are no longer being accepted.
Brazil has had a great growth in the last years. In 2011 the GPD's growth was not 'huge' like the Chinese, but was better than the GPD of countries in the deep of financial crisis.
Brazil has today a great and unique opportunity to define its future, as an important and stable 'pre-developed' country or as a country in always 'emergent situation'.
The BRICS, group compound by Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, have today a significant role on the international financial rules.
Brazil has to enjoy the current bad situation of developed countries, and also the appreciation of Brazilian currency, the Real, for not only keep the financial growth, but to improve the Brazilian situation as whole. Sadly (for us Brazilian citizens), Brazil is an unequal nation, with millions of people living in deplorable conditions of life. The inequality in Brazil, is present in health, education, transport, social services, and so on. While some places of São Paulo city looks like first world's city, in other regions of Brazil, thousands of people has nothing to eat or drink. According to a Britain institution, Brazil is becoming the sixth economy on earth, but we're too far from the Britain's quality of life.
This great report of The Economist, approach a good point of Brazilian situation: the partner with the Dragon is becoming a little dangerous. Now Brazil has a good advantage in terms of business volume, because today the commodities' price is high, but nothing guarantee that will continue.
Obviously, Brazil cannot and does not should leave the agriculture and production of commodities, considering the enormous capacity of production of Brazilian lands, but we need to improve the industry, to create new jobs, move the domestic economy, keep the growth and also add value to our international trade negotiations.
The Brazil's trade policy exists to try to save the companies of the Chinese dragon. This happens, because China is cheap. Brazilian protectionism wouldn't necessary, if the conditions of bureaucracy, of corruption, the difficulty to create jobs and the exorbitant taxes don't suffocate the investors, national or international.
Among the BRICS, Brazil can be the best option to invest and maintain a business. Russia is a soviet disguised as a capitalist, completely politicized and corrupt. India is a chaos. China is completely dominated by the government. South Africa, among all BRICS is the less bright. And Brazil appears as a great option, with a solidified democracy, press freedom and a modern financial system, if not the most modern of all world. So, Brazil needs to enjoy this current situation NOW, because it can pass.
Dilma Rousseff's government is trying to use the current Brazilian growth to improve vital services in Brazil, and drive Brazil to a developed situation, at least near of the development.
Guido Mantega, Brazilian financial minister, said after the announcement that Brazil would become the sixth world economy, that probably, to Brazil achieve a quality of life as the British for example, we'll have approximately 20 years of waiting (in a optimist forecast), so it shows us that we have much things to do.
2014 Fifa World Cup and 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro are coming, bringing an international projection and also money.
Therefore, the key-point now for Brazil is: take advantage of all current situations.
Let's play Brazil!
I will go out on a limb and defend protectionism in Brazil. Workers do have some rights and benefits in Brazil. I could not say the same for Chinese works whom may not always be able to claim such benefits.
It is ironic that one could buy something made with Brazlian materials but be sold cheaper in Brazil. i.e cars- rubber, iron etc- are exported from Brazil and cheap cars come back. How can that make senese ? I wait for the post-petrol era.
I will go out on a limb and defend protectionism in Brazil. Workers do have some rights and benefits in Brazil. I could not say the same for Chinese works whom may not always be able to claim such benefits.
It is ironic that one could buy something made with Brazlian materials but be sold cheaper in Brazil. i.e cars- rubber, iron etc- are exported from Brazil and cheap cars come back. How can that make senese ? I wait for the post-petrol era.
The Source of Chinese growth in competitiveness is not simply a devalued currency! It is a massive growth in Productivity. Ask yourselves, how many engineers is China producing on an annual basis? Making and delivering products is about process. China continues to refine those processes... Companies do it individually with Capital investments in machinery and training for staff. China builds the infrastructure necessary for those people to get to work and for those manufactured goods to get to port and to market. China also innovates.
The remarkable falls in technology prices are as a result of improving process and scale. It is remarkable what we can buy today, take the iPad as an example. The cost vs utility is outstanding. When I was growing up I couldn't buy anything like this for 400 pounds! The market in knowledge based added value goods and services is where the real dividends lie and unfortunately Brazil has not grasped at that apple yet in any significant way.
Fall in prices vs the utility one gets are at the heart of this issue. Brazil's policies are at odds with the significant reductions in price of technology. This has much less to do with exchange rates and "currency wars". Take televisions as another example, a couple of years ago I was looking at purchasing a particular led-backlit television, now for half the price I can get a better version of this tv that is also 3D.
The fall in prices is far more significant than exchange rate changes. And with respect to taxes... Brazil can levy a 100% import tax on an item... But it will be half the price in a couple of years...
With respect to the car industry, that is rapidly changing. Mercedes will be making cars out of composite materials and the requirements for large amounts of iron ore are rapidly altering. The idea that the world economy can absorb high commodity prices continually is a fallacy and any economy based too much on selling commodities is at risk. They are at risk from innovations in material sciences, uses of metal polymer nano composites and such like and ultimately improvements in process. If you make cars lighter they will use less fuel... If you make them in an efficient way... The factories may be 1/8th the size... And the energy required to produce them far less...
On the other hand, if you think that the world economy still has to include at least 2 billion people in Asia and Africa by simply putting food on their tables...
The UN itself has projected the world food supply has to double until the end of this half of the century, and EXPECTS Brazil to become responsible for 40% of that new demand. So I still see space for a commodities-based economy like Brazil in the coming years, especially regarding agro industrial products.
Peoples diets are changing and they are growing more health conscious. Indeed the wealthier Chinese consumer and Brazilian consumer wants to eat more meat! But consumers in the rest of the world want to know where their food comes from!
You enter a British supermarket and you will see "British Beef/Scottish Beef" or "Welsh Lamb" etc. You see the County and even sometimes the farmers name!
The projected supply mix does not take into account a trend of local produce which is not linked with being British! This is a global trend.. necessitated by requirements for sustainable farming and transportation costs.
UN projections grossly underestimate key social changes.
When China signed the WTO in 2001, it became clear that other members could recognize it Market Economy only 15 years later, in 2016. Brazil is not violating international trade rules and cannot stifle the domestic auto industry. Twitter: @lan_torres
When China signed the WTO in 2001, it became clear that other members could recognize it Market Economy only 15 years later, in 2016. Brazil is not violating international trade rules and cannot stifle the domestic auto industry. Twitter: @lan_torres
Brazil can protect itself by investing in quality education; poorly trained, its workforce has a large number of functional illiterates. Brazil's infrastructure, like its educational system, is precarious, contributing to increase the costs of production.
The labyrinthine tax system is a horror movie. Firms must spend a lot of time, energy and money to face a myriad of tax-related problems.
Being systemic, corruption goes unpunished. With its 38 ministries, the Brazilian bureaucracy is both unmanageable and a source of frequent scandals. Soon, Brazilians joke about their electoral system and bureaucracy, Brazil will have more political parties and ministries than voters and taxpayers able to maintain them.
Seeing as China doesn't believe in total free trade and also protects its own domestic market, it is hard to see how it could actually complain when another country does the same thing.
Brazil, however, needs to tap into its own strengths and stop blaming others for her own domestic mistakes and deficiencies.
Sometimes the Brazilian government shows off strength and responsiveness to tackle short term issues (although doing the wrong thing) but it lacks of those to tackle the long term ones. Brazil has to keep in mind that there's a long road ahead to be travelled.
Sometimes the Brazilian government shows off strength and responsiveness to tackle short term issues (although doing the wrong thing) but it lacks of those to tackle the long term ones. Brazil has to keep in mind that there's a long road ahead to be travelled.
Brazil has a protectionist tradition that needs to be constantly kept in check. While some measure of protection might be legitimate in very special (and rare) cases, the knee-jerk reaction of protectionism is very frequent and mostly unwarranted.
The fact remains that large corporations collude WITH THE GOVERNMENT even today to fleece consumers. It is not only the case of automakers: witness, for example, what happens with steel and petrochemicals - areas that most definitely need no protection. That corporations will lobby to create economic rents is understandable; that the goverment goes along is unforgivable.
Regarding the imbalance of raw materials and manufacturing in trade, it is driven by the comparative advantages of those countries. The sad consequence is a mild case of Dutch disease - very effiecient commodity producers crowding out manufacturers. The way to deal with it is to improve manufacturing competitiveness (better education, flexible labor market, lower tax burden, institutional reforms, etc.), not retreat into protectionism.
"The way to deal with it is to improve manufacturing competitiveness (better education, flexible labour market, lower tax burden, institutional reforms, etc.), not retreat into protectionism."
You know that, I know that and many other people know that. What you recommend are the so famous reforms that have been postponed for about 20 years and have been the subject of countless articles in the Brazilian and global media for a very long time. The Real plan should have been the beginning of it but ended up been the end of it.
These reforms have not been done because, if done, they would bring the end of the omnipresent role the State plays in the Brazilian economy and many of our feudal lords and oligarchs would lose power.
So, nope, no deal, the powers that be in Brazil would rather close the Brazilian economy and keep power in a backward country then liberalize it and unleash its full power.
The thing is that since the economy became stable in 1994 a lot of things have been steadily changing in Brazil.
In politics for instance, take a close look at the instability of big parties, PT including (remember the 2005 Mensalão scandal): the depressing collapse of the "Demos", the bitterness and loss of direction in PSDB and the surge of PSB and PSD. All of that movement, in my opinion, represents signs of deep exhaustion of the current political balance. As for the economy, I take it that the current consumer-based boom has begun to wither and will die shortly.
Brazil needs to (re)learn how to manage itself in a long-term basis. There's no political force willing to do it properly right now (PSDB tried and partially succeeded recently). I think that that force only existed in the country during the Empire, when the elites sponsored the Bragança's project to keep the provinces together after the messy independence of the Spanish America (it kind of worked, except for slavery). Must we bring the Royals back, then?
Call me nuts, but I believe that a Constitutional Monarchy would fit better the nowadays Brazilian society than the Republic. Put a part of the government bureaucracy under the crown in order to cut party nominations and maybe you'll have an institution that would not be solely focused at winning the next election.
"... the powers that be in Brazil would rather close the Brazilian economy and keep power in a backward country then liberalize it and unleash its full power."
Agreed. And we are very close to "closing time". The last one out please turn off the lights.
While most of this is right, I would contest the idea that much of this is part of some "plan" by the politicians concerned to keep the country backwards. The reality is a little more nuanced.
Brasil is a federal state the 1988 Constitution was set out to create a high level of localised democracy. Unfortunately one of the payoffs Brasil had to make to do this was deal with local oligarchs like Sarney etc. I doubt these clowns are sitting around plotting to keep Brasil "down", they are just acting in their own localised interest. This is bad for the country as a whole, but the slow pace of change is the result of negative externalities of a system that supposed to protect and encourage local democracy and accountability. What Brasil forgot to do was purge the political class of the dictatorship stooges in place up until 1988.
To be fair, Brasil has changed significantly and liberalised during the period from FHC and Lula. FHC deserves credit for the Plan Real, but by 2000 his government had really run out of steam and ideas. Much of liberalising and financial reforms were made during Lula's first term. This often overlooked mostly because Lula's marketing machine focuses on the social programs. But remember that the Mensalão Scandal was primary created by minor parties blackmailing the PT to vote for these important reforms.
One of the most interest aspect of that whole episode during Lula's first term is that the Mensalão actually resulted in many of the reforms that the "outraged" press and rightwing voters wanted and has made of lot of business people in Brasil even richer than they were...
Money talks: January 26th 2015: The Greek Revolt
Free exchange
The Economist explains: Why the Greek result matters
The Economist explains
Church and state in Greece: A courteous distance
The Jaipur Literature Festival: Bigger than the canon
In graphics: Greece's elections
Graphic detail
Have you listened to The Economist Radio on Facebook?
The Economist Radio is an on-demand social listening platform that allows you to listen, share and recommend The Economist audio content
Test your EQ
Take our weekly news quiz to stay on top of the headlines
In Other Words
Try our new audio app and website, providing reporting and analysis from our correspondents around the world every weekday
Want more from The Economist?
Visit The Economist e-store and you'll find a range of carefully selected products for business and pleasure, Economist books and diaries, and much more


text:
Please login to get more out of this site
You are currently not logged in, do so now to add comments, like articles as well as photos, submit to competitions, translate articles and gain access to unlimited photo upload! If you are not registered yet, go here to find out more about Lomography and join now! If you just want a limited account for now you can use Twitter or Facebook. We would love to have you as a member here!
22 people like this photo
Liking photos helps us to present the best ones to you and others. 22 people like this photo. 22 people like this photo: nicocoow, tatocientos, eusonfeliz, candee2104, rav_bunneh, deprofundis, zz, delpi, remi-boiteux, h_hache, ringasofi, ictuscore, bananana, cpolpa, ttmtk1127b, baijiu89, flaespana, mjclarks, adi_totp, dreadlockboy, superkulisap, and lomiga.


text:
Does It Really Do That
Does It Really Do That? The Wow Cup
If you've ever had to stop dinner to clean up a spilled drink or have been frustrated by a last minute drink-spill as you're headed out the door, no doubt, you will be pulled in by the Wow Cup commercial.
Does It Really Do That: Hot Buns
The commercial makes you smile, maybe shake your head, and it definitely plays with the name of this hair styling product.
Does It Really Do That? Perfect Bacon Bowl
For many people, it would be hard to imagine making bacon any better. It's considered one of the most versatile foods on the planet – ready to go for breakfast, lunch, dinner and even dessert!
Does It Really Do That? Pop Chef
There's a good chance the commercial for the Pop Chef might have caught your eye. It's a little hand-held device that is supposed to allow you to simply press, pop, and eat fantastic looking treats in seconds.
Does It Really Do That? Furniture Fix
Many of us will be inviting family and friends over for the holidays, and that can have you looking at your furniture in a different way. Do you have a chair or couch that could use a boost? Furniture Fix claims it's just what you need to breathe some new life into that much-loved furniture. But does it really do that?
Does It Really Do That? Air Curler & Curl Secret
Moving into the holidays, a lot of women look to change up their hairstyle a bit. You've probably seen commercials for products that claim to help as a lot of them have been running lately.
Does It Really Do That? Sticky Buddy
We love our pets, but the pet hair they leave around our homes, not so much. A product called the Sticky Buddy claims to be able to help you take care of that mess quickly and easily. Does it really do that?
Does It Really Do That? Ice Cream Magic
We've had good ice cream weather around here lately, so how does a personal ice cream maker sound? The Ice Cream Magic claims all that stands between you and delicious ice cream is some ice, fresh ingredients and three minutes of shaking.
DIRDT: Checking Back In With The Pocket Hose
It's one of our most popular "Does It Really Do That" segments, the pocket hose.
Does It Really Do That? No No Hair Removal System
The No No Hair Removal System claims to give you no hair with no pain and no hassle. But does it really do that?
Does It Really Do That? Wilson Sleek
We're heading into summer driving season, which means a lot of time on the road and a bigger potential for frustrating cell phone service and dropped calls.
Does It Really Do That? Moving Products
Several furniture mover products claim to be able to turn you into a one person moving crew, and make it easy for you to move your furniture whenever and wherever you'd like. KDKA-TV's Jennifer Anthowiak puts some of those products to the test.
Does It Really Do That? Pocket Hose
We've enjoyed some warmer weather recently, and all the garden stores and greenhouses are filling up with plants.
Does It Really Do That? Wax Vac
Ear pain from too much wax that traps water in your ears is a common complaint from kids. It happens more in the summer when they're spending more time at the pool. So, should you try the Wax Vac to prevent the problem?
Does It Really Do That: SodaStream Pop Maker
You've probably seen the commercials for the SodaStream, the store displays or maybe on a home shopping channel.


text:
Unlock the entire Houzz
The old furniture and classical nature of the walls is quite interesting and can be used, I think, in contemporary rooms to great advantage.
I love this old furniture and how it was to be used for a specific purpose. With such lovely pieces, how could you clutter them up with paper!?
I absolutely love the french furniture in this room. Although a bit too much white, with some antique wood tones, I would love to live in a place like this.
Sometimes neutral furniture just doesn't do it. Be brave! Upholster something in a funky fabric that speaks to you.
This table is a do-it-yourselfer! Some long pieces of wood (maybe antiqued a bit) nice straight legs and some supports to go underneath! Stain it all and add some satin varnish (2-3 coats with soft sanding between) will make it look like fine furniture!
I LOVE these traditional french bergeres with the contemporary fabric and big white pillows. They're fun, sleek, and familiar!
These built-in architectural shelves are a rarely-seen gem.
The faded french chairs here are a stunning choice for dining room seating.
THe loose feeling of the furniture and the layout of accessories is elegant and refined but whimsical and fresh with the light colors and fun upholstery.
The rustic bench is a stunning piece. I wish the finish of that piece continued through the cabinets.
I really like this tailored sectional. White is really nice, and it feels as if there is plenty of room to spread out.The streamlined pieces here lend themselves to order and simplicity.
I like the collection of furniture in this tucked-away attic space. As a guest, I would feel secure and that I had complete privacy in this cozy space.
The lightweight scale of the furniture legs leaves the floor looking totally uncluttered and the room airy.
This is a stunning way to create simple furniture. You hardly need a footboard for this beauty!!! (Although that would be nice...)
So much furniture is neutral and standard-looking. I love this light blue chair with classic lines. It is modern and funky, but not in blaring colors or bold patterns.
Beautiful bergere here.
These solid wood stools are absolutely stunning!
Not only is this a great way to conceal a larger amount of items than a traditional medicine cabinet, you also get a full length mirror in the bargain!
I love the rustic nature of this armoire.
This sofa is a great way to improvise versatile seating. This can be made by creating boxes and upholstering foam covered in batting. Casters make them portable, while legs can add whimsy.
This wingback settee is stunning!!!
I like the stark contrast between the floor and the white wall and table, and the white and the shiny pendants.
Some unique furniture can give variety to a space without the entire room being filled with ethnic patterns.
This is a lovely way to make your own cushions and draperies. It is fun that they don't match and look antique.
The different woods are really beautiful here.
The mirrored wall and cabinet create an interesting illusion of extra space and light. I also like the antiqued mirror on the wall.
The chairs are lovely, and I hope they are a natural material!
The solid wood tables are beautiful.
This is an excellent table! I absolutely love it!
The chairs at the dining table are lovely, but could be easily made since they are so rectilinear.
These solid wood coffee tables are absolutely stunning!
This table is lovely. The carvings are interesting and adds great texture to this room.
A pretty way to hide storage.
This kind of bench works very well for seating, and also for guest sleeping space when necessary.
These built-ins are very elegant and complement the mouldings.
I love the rustic texture of these old doors used as a headboard.
This natural-wood counter and table is a beautiful addition here.


text:
sprung rhythm
sprung rhythm
Poetic rhythm designed to approximate the natural rhythm of speech. It is characterized by the frequent juxtaposition of single accented syllables and by the occurrence of feet with varying numbers of syllables whose sequence is interrupted by unstressed syllables that are not counted in the scansion. Because stressed syllables often occur sequentially, the rhythm is said to be sprung. This system of prosody was developed by Gerard Manley Hopkins, who saw it as the basis of such early English poems as William Langland's Piers Plowman.
This entry comes from Encyclopædia Britannica Concise.
For the full entry on sprung rhythm, visit Britannica.com.
Learn More About
Ask The Editor Videos
Seen & Heard
What made you look up sprung rhythm? Please tell us what you were reading, watching or discussing that led you here.


text:
and editorials. The committee used medical subject heading searches to identify references, using the terms "immunization" (which includes "immunization schedule"), "vaccines," "attitude to health," and "attitude of health personnel."
The initial literature search yielded 421 articles. To further refine the search, the committee reviewed the titles and abstracts (when available) and removed articles that met any of following three exclusionary criteria. First, from the beginning of the study period, the committee noted that the childhood immunization schedule spans the entire period of childhood (birth to age 18 years). The committee found that the most prominent safety concerns about the immunization schedule are related to vaccinations received during infancy and early childhood. Thus, the committee focused its review on the body of literature that addressed concerns about the short- and long-term effects of the schedule of vaccinations given to young children (birth to age 6 years) and excluded studies that focused on the immunization schedule for older children and adolescents (age >6 years). Second, the committee excluded studies that focused on individual vaccines or combination immunizations rather than the entire childhood immunization schedule. Finally, the committee excluded studies of non-U.S. populations, unless the study focused on the U.S. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)–recommended immunization schedule for young children.
After the committee applied these criteria, it retained 85 published articles for comprehensive review. Two-thirds of these articles were categorized as studies of parental concerns about either safety (n = 26) or communication between providers, public health authorities, and parents (n = 31). Several articles that the committee reviewed did not meet the study criteria (largely owing to having an older publication date) but were frequently cited in the literature and added to the committee's knowledge base.
An iterative review of the literature as well as oral and written public comments revealed that among the primary stakeholders (parents, health care providers, public health officials), a subset of parents were the group with the most concerns about the safety of the immunization schedule. The review also revealed that parents, providers, and public health officials all believe that effective communication about these safety concerns remains a challenge.
Parental concerns about the safety of vaccines and the immunization schedule have been well publicized but are not well understood by all health care professionals. A number of recent studies have described the challenges associated with research into the safety of the immunization schedule and defined the methods that can be used to elicit and quantify parental concerns


text:
Baby - by uber
Made by uber, it has been painted around several times but since it is respected, the face is always there, contrasting with the modern and rich buildings in the area. See the original here: http://www.fotolog.com/kings_portugal/28129411 Forget it, it's not there anymore but the new layer says thank you uber - going to upload soon...
This photo was shot on film. Taken by saidseni with a Lomo LC-A loaded with Fujifilm film in Lisbon, Portugal. These tags describe this photo: face, wall, kid, and portrait. Date: 2007. This photo can also be found in the album Street Art #2 - Faces.Please login to get more out of this site
You are currently not logged in, do so now to add comments, like articles as well as photos, submit to competitions, translate articles and gain access to unlimited photo upload! If you are not registered yet, go here to find out more about Lomography and join now! If you just want a limited account for now you can use Twitter or Facebook. We would love to have you as a member here!
9 people like this photo
Liking photos helps us to present the best ones to you and others. 9 people like this photo. 9 people like this photo: andemon, mczoum, anamachado, vinz-satori, sarac, erialc, ictuscore, bravebird, and redtulip.
3 comments
lenço de papel?!
Adoro este álbum! Não tens as localizações tipo específicas de cada um dos graffitis pois não? (Tipo mesmo a rua onde está..) Queria fazer um projecto em que preciso de várias imagens destas, mas ainda tenho de "descobrir" mais... Parabéns pelo álbum, está espectacular, mesmo as fotos "The most awful pictures ever." ;)
@anamachado: Esta foto, como muitas outras do album, foi tirada naquele mural enorme perto das Amoreiras. Esta já não vais encontrar lá, foi tirada em 2007 e hoje em dia está este graffiti no seu lugar: http://www.lomograph(…)os/14310637. Estou a escrever uma lomolocation sobre este sítio com fotos desde 2001 a 2013, vamos ver se publicam... e para mais graffiti em Lisboa: http://www.lomograph(…)da-da-glria, http://www.lomograph(…)ado-tribute. Obrigada e lomo on! :)
Where is this?
Nearby popular photos – see more
Nearby LomoLocations
Lisbon Graffiti: Amoreiras Wall of Fame
Someone said to me, or maybe I read it that this is the biggest graffiti wall in the Iberian…
My Favorite Monument in Lisbon
Someone asked me once which was my favorite monument in Lisbon. It is probably the city's aq…
A Shop or a Museum: A Vida Portuguesa
While visiting Lisbon, in October last year, I discovered a very peculiar shop. When you ent…
Jardim da Estrela
Beautiful and peaceful garden ... You have to know !!! :)