text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Foundation Insulation for Existing Homes
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
How Do We Retrofit Tough Buildings? Foundation Insulation for Existing Homes Building America Technical Update April 29 & 30, 2013 Patrick H. Huelman Cold Climate Housing Coordinator University of Minnesota Extension Foundation Insulation for Existing Homes * Context - Focused on basements and crawlspaces. - Aimed at cold climates (Climate Zones 6 & 7). - Generally aimed at liquid active walls. * Approach - Managing risks - Current solutions & best practices - Evaluating new approaches * Primary focus is to reduce energy use by 30 to 50% with emphasis on existing homes. * Promote building science solutions using a systems engineering and integrated design approach. * "Do no harm" => must ensure that safety, health, and durability are maintained or improved.
Cold Climate Foundation Retrofit Energy Savings: The Simulated Energy and Experimental Hygrothermal Performance of Cold Climate Foundation Wall Insulation Retrofit Measures -- Phase I, Energy Simulation
SciTech Connect
A split simulation whole building energy/3-dimensional earth contact model (termed the BUFETS/EnergyPlus Model or BEM) capable of modeling the full range of foundation systems found in the target retrofit housing stock has been extensively tested. These foundation systems that include abovegrade foundation walls, diabatic floors or slabs as well as lookout or walkout walls, currently cannot be modeled within BEopt.
Goldberg, L. F.; Steigauf, B.
Test Report: Cost Effective Foundation Insulation
A field experiment was conducted to demonstrate and quantify the thermal effectiveness of rigid insulation board when installed on the exterior of a buried concrete foundation wall. A heated, insulated box was constructed along one wall of an existing, unheated building to simulate the living space of a home. The crawl space beneath the living space was divided into two sections. One featured external foundation insulation, while the other side had none. 36 temperature and heat flux sensors were installed at predetermined locations to measure the temperature profile and heat flow out of the living space. The temperature profile through the foundation was then used to calculate the total heat flow out of the foundation for both cases. This experiment showed that a significant energy savings is available with exterior foundation insulation. Over the course of 3 months, the heat-loss differential between the insulated and non-insulated foundations was 4.95 kilowatt-hours per lineal foot of foundation wall, for a ratio of 3:1. For a 2200 sq. ft home with a foundation perimeter 200 ft. long, this would amount to a savings of 990 kW-hrs in just 3 months, or 330 kW-hrs per month. Extrapolating to an 8-month heating year, we would expect to save over 2640 kW-hrs per year for such a home. The savings for a basement foundation, rather than a crawlspace, would be approach twice that amount, nearing 5280 kW-hr per year. Because these data were not collected during the coldest months of the year, they are conservative, and greater savings may be expected during colder periods.
Jeffrey M. Lacy; T. E. Rahl; G. A. Twitchell; R. G. Kobbe
Excavationless Exterior Foundation Insulation Exploratory
Excavationless Exterior Foundation Excavationless Exterior Foundation Insulation Exploratory Study NorthernSTAR Building America Team Garrett Mosiman Technical Approach The project begins with the concept of an "excavationless" exterior foundation insulation upgrade that is cost-competitive with current methods, and involves little impact to existing landscape and site features. Process: 1. Literature review to establish the building science case for the advantages of exterior foundation insulation vs. interior insulation 2. Presentation and analysis of two exterior, full-excavation exterior insulation upgrades to establish a base case for costs 3. Survey of five typical twin-cities neighborhoods to categorize and quantify typical obstructions 4. Web-based search to identify available materials and technologies that have
Measure Guideline: Hybrid Foundation Insulation Retrofits
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
This measure guideline provides recommendations for designs and variations for retrofit hybrid assemblies in improving interior foundation insulation and water management of basements. Variations include closed cell spray foam (ccSPF) with membrane waterproofing or air gap membrane drainage layers, rigid board foam insulation at flat walls (cast concrete or CMU block), a 'partial drainage' detail making use of the bulk water drainage that occurs through the field of a rubble stone wall, and non-drained spray foam assemblies (including slab insulation).
Ueno, K.; Lstiburek, J.
When wall insulation doesn`t save
A recent study in Florida concluded that while wall insulation clearly saves heating energy, it is less effective at saving cooling energy. The study focused on concrete block houses on slab foundations, and determined that whether insulation saves cooling energy depends significantly on the interior thermostat setpoint, the lower the thermostat below outside temperature, the more likely wall installation was to save energy. This article describes the design of the study and compares it to other studies. Results in their entirety are described. 1 fig.
Johnson, D.
Wall Insulation; BTS Technology Fact Sheet
Properly sealed, moisture-protected, and insulated walls help increase comfort, reduce noise, and save on energy costs. This fact sheet addresses these topics plus advanced framing techniques, insulation types, wall sheathings, and steps for effective wall construction and insulation.
Southface Energy Institute; Tromly, K.
Textural break foundation wall construction modules
Below-grade, textural-break foundation wall structures are provided for inhibiting diffusion and advection of liquids and gases into and out from a surrounding hydrogeologic environment. The foundation wall structure includes a foundation wall having an interior and exterior surface and a porous medium disposed around a portion of the exterior surface. The structure further includes a modular barrier disposed around a portion of the porous medium. The modular barrier is substantially removable from the hydrogeologic environment.
Phillips, Steven J. (Kennewick, WA)
Excavationless Exterior Foundation Insulation Exploratory Study
The key objective of this exploratory study was to investigate the feasibility of the development or adoption of technologies that would enable a large percentage of existing homes in cold climates to apply a combination 'excavationless' soil removal process with appropriate insulation and water management on the exterior of existing foundations at a low cost. Our approach was to explore existing excavation and material technologies and systems to discover whether potential successful combinations existed.
Mosiman, G.; Wagner, R.; Schirber, T.
Heat-sound insulating wall
The wall comprises a closed acoustic box-structure which is defined by a slightly ribbed sheet and a flat sheet. The boxstructure has lateral ribs which extend beyond the sheet. A panel of high-density mineral wool which is of small thickness is enclosed inside the box-structure. A heat insulator covers the box-structure and the ribs of the box-structure and is protected by an outer trough which has ribs or corrugations perpendicular to the ribs of the box-structure.
Ovaert, F.; Reneault, P.
Cold climate foundation insulation retrofit performance
The effectiveness of foundation insulation retrofits in 15 Minnesota houses was evaluated using a before-after experimental method. Nine houses received interior retrofits; six, exterior retrofits. Foundation air leaks were sealed before the preretrofit heating season to control for inadvertent sealing during retrofit. Basement heating supply and return registers were closed in most houses for the 21-month monitoring period, and for all houses the basement was an uncontrolled zone without a thermostat. Homeowners recorded gas and electricity meter readings and furnace and water heater on-times weekly. A load vs. outdoor temperature was used to evaluate changes in energy use. The average whole-house energy savings for the interior and exterior cases were 92 and 24 therm per year, or 7.9% (range - 0.6% to 17.8%) and 3.0% (range -2.9% to 8.3%), respectively. Minimum payback periods for the interior and exterior cases were 12 and 37 years, respectively. For all houses the basement temperature increased between the pre- and post-retrofit periods, and all homeowners reported increased comfort in their basements. Average measured savings were about one-third of those predicted. The results show that the application of insulation in an uncontrolled zone produces highly variable results and has the principal effect of increasing the temperature and comfort of the basement rather than producing cost-effective whole-house energy savings.
Robinson, D.A. (Robinson Technical Services, St. Paul, MN (US)); Goldberg, L.F.; Shen, L.S. (Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (US)); Nelson, G.D. (Energy Conservatory, Minneapolis, MN (US)); Hewett, M.J. (Center for Energy and the Urban Environment, Minneapolis, MN (US)); Noble, M.T. (Natural Resources Corp., Minneapolis, MN (US))
Panelized wall system with foam core insulation
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A wall system includes a plurality of wall members, the wall members having a first metal panel, a second metal panel, and an insulating core between the first panel and the second panel. At least one of the first panel and the second panel include ridge portions. The insulating core can be a foam, such as a polyurethane foam. The foam can include at least one opacifier to improve the k-factor of the foam.
Kosny, Jan (Oak Ridge, TN); Gaskin, Sally (Houston, TX)
Advanced Insulation for High Performance Cost-effective Wall, Roof, and
Advanced Insulation for High Performance Advanced Insulation for High Performance Cost-effective Wall, Roof, and Foundation Systems Research Project Advanced Insulation for High Performance Cost-effective Wall, Roof, and Foundation Systems Research Project The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is currently conducting research into advanced insulation for high performance wall, roof, and foundation systems. Heat flows from hotter to colder spaces, and insulation is designed to resist this flow by keeping hot air out in the summer and in during the winter. Project Description This project seeks to develop high performing, durable, hydrofluorocarbon and hydrochlorofluorocarbons -free insulation with an R-value greater than 7.5-per-inch and a Class A fire performance. Project Partners Research is being undertaken between DOE and Dow Chemical.
External Insulation of Masonry Walls and Wood Framed Walls
The use of exterior insulation on a building is an accepted and effective means to increase the overall thermal resistance of the assembly that also has other advantages of improved water management and often increased air tightness of building assemblies. For thin layers of insulation (1" to 1 1/2"), the cladding can typically be attached directly through the insulation back to the structure. For thicker insulation layers, furring strips have been added as a cladding attachment location. This approach has been used in the past on numerous Building America test homes and communities (both new and retrofit applications), and has been proven to be an effective and durable means to provide cladding attachment. However, the lack of engineering data has been a problem for many designers, contractors, and code officials. This research project developed baseline engineering analysis to support the installation of thick layers of exterior insulation on existing masonry and frame walls. Furthermore, water management details necessary to integrate windows, doors, decks, balconies and roofs were created to provide guidance on the integration of exterior insulation strategies with other enclosure elements.
Baker, P.
Modeled and metered energy savings from exterior wall insulation
Millions of single-family masonry (block) houses with slab foundations exist in the southern United States. In fact, approximately 50% of Florida`s six million residences are of concrete block construction. The block walls in these homes are usually uninsulated, and the technology for retrofitting wall insulation is not well developed. Two field tests were performed--one near Phoenix, Arizona and one in Cocoa, Florida--to measure the air-conditioning energy savings and demand reduction impact of applying an exterior insulation and finish system (EEFS) to the exterior of the block wall, and gain practical experience with retrofit application techniques and costs. One field test used a {open_quotes}site-fabricated{close_quotes} insulation system, while the other field test used a commercially available system. The field tests measured a savings of 9% in Arizona and less savings in Florida, and emphasized the impact indoor temperature settings have on cooling energy savings: exterior wall insulation on block homes will produce energy savings in Florida houses only if a low cooling thermostat setting is desirable. The field tests also highlighted an improved comfort benefit from the retrofit - namely, elimination of overheating in rooms with south and west exposures. The DOE-2. ID program was used to analyze the energy savings (air-conditioning and heating) and electric demand impact of applying an EIFS. Air-conditioning energy savings were estimated to be in the range of 8% to 10% in many southern U.S. regions. A 12% savings was predicted for Phoenix, Arizona and a savings of 1% to 4% was predicted for seacoast regions, particularly in Florida. These predictions were in good agreement with the measured values. Peak hour cooling energy savings were predicted to be more uniform throughout the country, generally in the range of %8 to %12.
Ternes, M.; Parker, D.; McLain, H.; Barkaszi, S. Jr.
Vacuum Insulator Development for the Dielectric Wall Accelerator
At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, we are developing a new type of accelerator, known as a Dielectric Wall Accelerator, in which compact pulse forming lines directly apply an accelerating field to the beam through an insulating vacuum boundary. The electrical strength of this insulator may define the maximum gradient achievable in these machines. To increase the system gradient, we are using 'High Gradient Insulators' composed of alternating layers of dielectric and metal for the vacuum insulator. In this paper, we present our recent results from experiment and simulation, including the first test of a High Gradient Insulator in a functioning Dielectric Wall Accelerator cell.
Harris, J R; Blackfield, D; Caporaso, G J; Chen, Y; Hawkins, S; Kendig, M; Poole, B; Sanders, D M; Krogh, M; Managan, J E
Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at the Edge of a Slab Foundation...
Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at the Edge of a Slab Foundation, Fresno, California (Fact Sheet), Building America Case Study: Efficient Solutions for New and Existing Homes,...
Measure Guideline: Internal Insulation of Masonry Walls
This measure guideline provides recommendations for interior insulation assemblies that control interstitial condensation and durability risks; recommendations for acceptable thermal performance are also provided. An illustrated guide of high-risk exterior details (which concentrate bulk water), and recommended remediation details is provided. This is followed by a recommended methodology for risk assessment of a masonry interior insulation project: a series of steps are suggested to assess the risks associated with this retrofit, with greater certainty with added steps.
Straube, J. F.; Ueno, K.; Schumacher, C. J.
Measurement of Exterior Foundation Insulation to Assess Durability in Energy-Saving Performance
The foundation of a house is a sometimes ignored component of the building because of its low visibility. It is increasingly evident, however, that attention to good foundation design and construction significantly benefits the homeowner and the builder by mitigating future problems. Good foundation design and construction practice involves not only insulating to save energy but also providing effective structural design as well as moisture, termite, and radon control techniques as appropriate. Energy efficiency in housing is augmented by use of exterior slab and basement insulation, but high moisture content in the insulation material has led to concerns about its durability. The activity under this task was to extract six different exterior insulation systems that were characterized at installation and have been in the ground for 9 months to 15 years. R-value and moisture content were measured and inspections conducted for evidence of termite intrusion or deterioration. Based on the results, the durability of the various systems has been documented and assessments made of which systems appear to be best practice. Heat flux and temperature measurement data had been archived for some of the exterior insulation tests, thereby providing a unique opportunity to assess energy-saving performance and durability over the long term. The results show that the durability of foundation insulation systems depends on insulation type as well as on foundation type and local boundary conditions, the latter of which may have a marked influence on the durability of energy-saving performance.
Kehrer, Manfred [ORNL; Christian, Jeff [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at the Edge of a Slab Foundation, Fresno, California (Fact Sheet)
Exterior rigid foam insulation at the edge of the slab foundation was a unique feature for this low-load, unoccupied test house in a hot-dry climate and may be more appropriate for climates with higher heating loads. U.S. Department of Energy Building America research team IBACOS worked with National Housing Quality Award winner Wathen-Castanos Hybrid Homes, Inc., to assess the performance of this feature in a single-family detached ranch house with three bedrooms and two full bathrooms constructed on a slab-on-grade foundation in Fresno, California. One challenge during installation of the system was the attachment of the butyl flashing to the open framing. To solve this constructability issue, the team added a nailer to the base of the wall to properly attach and lap the flashing. In this strategy, R-7.5, 1.5-in.-thick extruded polystyrene was installed on the exterior of the slab for a modeled savings of 4,500 Btu/h on the heating load.
Not Available
Hygro-Thermal Performance of Imperfectly Protected Below-Grade Walls with Interior Insulation.
E-Print Network (OSTI)
??This study investigates the performance of three different types of insulation installed in the interior of a basement wall system in a below-grade wall system.� (more)
Wolfgang, Brian
Sustainable wall construction and exterior insulation retrofit technology process and structure
A low-cost process for exterior wall insulation retrofit, or new wall construction by stacking layers of fabric tube filled with insulating material against a wall and covering them with mesh and stucco provides a durable structure with good insulating value.
Vohra, Arun (Bethesda, MD)
Modeling with finite element the convective heat transfer in civil building EPS insulated walls
In this paper we present the analysis of convective heat transfer in the walls of a house insulated with polystyrene. In the first part we make an evaluation of the insulation that is currently used in the houses. We start the simulation using a real ... Keywords: convective heat transfer, dew-point, finite element, polystyrene insulation
Madalina Xenia Calbureanu; Mihai Lungu; Dragos Tutunea; Raluca Malciu; Alexandru Dima
Building Technologies Office: Advanced Insulation for High Performance
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Advanced Insulation for Advanced Insulation for High Performance Cost-Effective Wall, Roof, and Foundation Systems Research Project to someone by E-mail Share Building Technologies Office: Advanced Insulation for High Performance Cost-Effective Wall, Roof, and Foundation Systems Research Project on Facebook Tweet about Building Technologies Office: Advanced Insulation for High Performance Cost-Effective Wall, Roof, and Foundation Systems Research Project on Twitter Bookmark Building Technologies Office: Advanced Insulation for High Performance Cost-Effective Wall, Roof, and Foundation Systems Research Project on Google Bookmark Building Technologies Office: Advanced Insulation for High Performance Cost-Effective Wall, Roof, and Foundation Systems Research Project on Delicious Rank Building Technologies Office: Advanced Insulation for High
Measure Guideline: Installing Rigid Foam Insulation on the Interior of Existing Brick Walls
This measure guideline provides information on an effective method to insulate the interior of existing brick masonry walls with extruded polystyrene (XPS) insulation board. The guide outlines step-by-step design and installation procedures while explaining the benefits and tradeoffs where applicable. The authors intend that this document be useful to a varied audience that includes builders, remodelers, contractors and homeowners.
Natarajan, H.; Klocke, S.; Puttagunta, S.
Expert Meeting Report: Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assemblies
The Building Science Consortium held an Expert Meeting on Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assemblies on July 30, 2011 at the Westford Regency Hotel in Westford, MA. This report outlines the extensive information that was presented on assessment of risk factors for premature building deterioration due to interior insulation retrofits, and methods to reduce such risks.
Ueno, K.; Van Straaten, R.
Steady-State Thermal Performance Evaluation of Steel-Framed Wall Assembly with Local Foam Insulation
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
During January and May, 2009, two configurations of steel-framed walls constructed with conventional 2 4 steel studs insulated with R-19 ~14cm. (5.5-in. thick) and R-13 ~9cm. (3.5-in. thick) fiberglass insulation batts were tested in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) guarded hot-box using ASTM C1363 test procedure. The first test wall used conventional 2 4 steel studs insulated with 2.5-cm. (1-in.) thick foam profiles, called stud snugglers. These stud snugglers converted the 2 4 wall assembly into a 2 6 assembly allowing application of R-19 fiberglass insulation. The second wall tested for comparison was a conventional 2 4 steel stud wall using R-13 insulation batts. Further, numerical simulations were performed in order to evaluate the steady-state thermal performance of various wood- and steel-framed wall assemblies. The effects of adding the stud-snugglers to the wood and steel studs were also investigated numerically. Different combinations of insulation and framing factor were used in the simulations.
Kosny, Jan [ORNL; Biswas, Kaushik [ORNL; Childs, Phillip W [ORNL
Retrofit wall system for insulation and lead encasement in older multi-family housing.
This paper presents an approach to modernization or rehabilitation of buildings with uninsulated masonry walls that have lead-based paint hazards or deteriorated plaster walls. The approach provides a solution to lead contamination on the walls, increased energy efficiency and comfort improvements associated with better insulated building envelopes. The system sheaths or replaces damaged or contaminated walls with a tight, well-insulated, durable interior surface. The costs of this system are estimated to be less than those of other insulated wall systems. Modeling of the impact of this system shows significant improvement in energy performance. The energy savings over the life of this durable system contribute to significantly offset the often-times sizeable cost of lead hazard remediation.
Wendt, R. L.
Assessment of the Energy Rating of Insulated Wall Assemblies - A Step Towards Building Energy Labeling
Considerable efforts are recently focusing on energy labeling of components and systems in buildings. In Canada, the energy rating of windows was established, which provides a protocol to rate different types of windows with respect to their energy performance. It takes into account the interaction between: solar heat gain, heat loss due to air leakage and due to the thermal properties of the entire window assembly. A major research project, jointly sponsored by NRC-IRC and the polyurethane spray foam industry, was established to assess the thermal and air leakage performance of insulated walls with the focus on developing an energy rating procedure for insulated wall assemblies. This paper is one in a series of publications to present partial results of this project. Experimental data and computer simulation comparison of a set of wall specimens are presented together with a summary of the proposed procedure for the determination of the energy rating of insulated walls (WER).
Elmahdy, H.; Maref, W.; Saber, H.; Swinton, M.; Glazer, R.
Measure Guideline: Wall Air Sealing and Insulation Methods in Existing Homes; An Overview of Opportunity and Process
This guide provides renovators and retrofit contractors an overview of considerations when including wall air sealing and insulation in an energy retrofit project. It also outlines the potential project risks, various materials for insulating, possible field inspections needed, installation procedures, as well as the benefits and drawbacks. The purpose of this document is to provide the outline of the overview and process of insulating and air sealing walls so that home retrofit professionals can identify approaches to air sealing and insulation measures.
Roberts, S.; Stephenson, R.
Effect of insulation location on initial transient thermal response of building walls
ABSTRACT: The effect of insulation location on the heat transfer characteristics of building wall elements under initial transient conditions is studied. Thermal performance with an insulation layer placed on the inside of a wall is compared to that when the insulation layer is placed on the outside. The investigation is carried out for the climatic conditions of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during representative days for July and January using a finite-volume implicit procedure. The initial temperature distribution across the wall is assumed to be uniform and equal to the daily mean external air temperature. The numerical model is validated against a semi-analytic solution developed for a simple test case. The results of model application under the present conditions show that placing the insulation on the inside gives an instantaneous load that is about 20 % of the value for outside insulation during the first few hours in the initial transient process. Besides, the duration of the transient process which leads to steady periodic state, and thus, the period of thermal discomfort due to radiation exchange is much shorter for the inside insulation. The average heat transmission over the first 24 hours
Building Walls; Sami A. Al-sanea; M. F. Zedan; Response Of Building Walls; Sami A. Al-sanea; M. F. Zedan
Where to Insulate in a Home | Department of Energy
Where to Insulate in a Home Where to Insulate in a Home Where to Insulate in a Home November 26, 2013 - 1:34pm Addthis Examples of where to insulate. 1. In unfinished attic spaces, insulate between and over the floor joists to seal off living spaces below. (1A) attic access door 2. In finished attic rooms with or without dormer, insulate (2A) between the studs of "knee" walls, (2B) between the studs and rafters of exterior walls and roof, (2C) and ceilings with cold spaces above. (2D) Extend insulation into joist space to reduce air flows. 3. All exterior walls, including (3A) walls between living spaces and unheated garages, shed roofs, or storage areas; (3B) foundation walls above ground level; (3C) foundation walls in heated basements, full wall either interior or exterior.
Exterior Insulation Finish System (EIFS) Walls ORNL provides the tools to enable industry to engineer durable, moisture-tolerant
the insulating value of walls and the energy efficiency of buildings. The EIFS concept came to America fromExterior Insulation Finish System (EIFS) Walls ORNL provides the tools to enable industry for building materials. EIFS's are among the most cost-effective building technologies for improving
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Evaluation of the Transient Electromagnetic Probing (TEMP) System for Detection of Wall Thinning Through Insulation
Nondestructive techniques to more efficiently examine piping and components for wall thinning are being developed in response to the expressed desire of utilities to perform these examinations without removing insulation. EPRI has conducted a feasibility study to determine the utility application of one system used to examine storage tanks and large pipes in the petrochemical industry.
Metallic Interface Emerging at Magnetic Domain Wall of Antiferromagnetic Insulator---Fate of Extinct Weyl Electrons
Topological insulators, in contrast to ordinary semiconductors, accompany protected metallic surfaces described by Dirac-type fermions. Here, we theoretically show another emergent two-dimensional metal embedded in the bulk insulator is realized at a magnetic domain wall. The domain wall has long been studied as ingredients of both old-fashioned and leading-edge spintronics. The domain wall here, as an interface of seemingly trivial antiferromagnetic insulators, emergently realizes a functional interface preserved by zero modes with robust two-dimensional Fermi surfaces, where pyrochlore iridium oxides proposed to host condensed-matter realization of Weyl fermions offer such examples at low temperatures. The existence of ingap states pinned at domain walls, theoretically resembling spin/charge solitons in polyacetylene, solves experimental puzzles observed in R2Ir2O7 with rare earth elements R. The domain wall realizes a novel quantum confinement of electrons and embosses a net uniform magnetization, which enables magnetic control of electronic interface transports beyond semiconductor paradigm.
Youhei Yamaji; Masatoshi Imada
Assessing Foundation Insulation Strategies for the 2012 International Energy Conservation Code in Cold Climate New Home Construction
While the International Energy Conservation Code 2012 (IECC 2012) has been adopted at a national level, only two cold climate states have adopted it as their new home energy code. Understanding the resistance to adoption is important in assisting more states accept the code and engage deep energy strategies nationwide. This three-part assessment by the NorthernSTAR Building America Partnership was focused on foundation insulation R-values for cold climates and the design, construction, and performance implications. In Part 1 a literature review and attendance at stakeholder meetings held in Minnesota were used to assess general stakeholder interest and concerns regarding proposed code changes. Part 2 includes drawings of robust foundation insulation systems that were presented at one Minnesota stakeholder meeting to address critical issues and concerns for adopting best practice strategies. In Part 3 a sampling of builders participated in a telephone interview to gain baseline knowledge on insulation systems used to meet the current energy code and how the same builders propose to meet the new proposed code.
VonThoma, E.; Ojczyk, C.; Mosiman, G.
The Analysis of Dynamic Thermal Performance of Insulated Wall and Building Cooling Energy Consumption in Guangzhou
The summer in Guangzhou, China, is hot and long. Heat proofing is very important for the energy efficiency of buildings and improvement of the indoor thermal environment. The residential buildings in the southern region are cooled by air conditioning mainly with the increase of the live level. This study investigates the influence of the thermal dynamic performance on the yearly cooling load and yearly maximum cooling demand in typical residential flats by employing KVALUE and DeST. The simulation predictions indicate that reductions in the cooling load and maximum cooling demand are obtained when the insulation is added in the wall, but the potential of energy saving is quite limited when the wall only is insulated.
Zhao, L.; Li, X.; Li, L.; Gao, Y.
Thermal balance of a wall with PCM-enhanced thermal insulation
ABSTRACT: PCM insulation mixtures function as lightweight thermal mass components. It is expected that these types of dynamic insulation systems will contribute to the objective of reducing energy use in buildings. In this paper, dynamic thermal properties of a material in which phase hange occurs are analyzed, using the temperature-dependent specific heat model. Integral formula for the total heat flow in finite time interval, across the surface of a slab of the phase change material, was derived. Simulations have been performed to analyze heat transfer through a light-weight wall assembly with PCM-enhanced insulation, in different external climate thermal conditions. Results of simulations indicate that for cyclic processes, the effect of PCM in an insulation layer results rather in time shifting of the heat flux extreme values than in reduction of the total heat flow. The heat gains maxima, resulting in high cooling loads, are shifted in time by about two hours and reduced about 15% to 30% for not very high external sol-air temperatures.
Kosny, Jan [ORNL; Kossecka, Elizabeth [Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences; Williams, Teresa [ORNL
Interior Insulation Retrofit Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assemblies K. Ueno and R. Van Straaten Building Science Corporation (BSC) February 2012 ii NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring
Field study of moisture damage in walls insulated without a vapor barrier. Final report for the Oregon Department of Energy
Considerable uncertainty has existed over whether or not wall insulation installed without a vapor barrier causes an increased risk of moisture damage (wood decay) within walls. This report describes the results of one of the first major studies in the country aimed at finding out if such a moisture problem really exists. The exterior walls of a total of 96 homes in Portland, Oregon were opened, of which 70 had retrofitted insulation and 26 were uninsulated and were a control group. The types of insulation included urea-formaldehyde foam (44), mineral wool (16), and cellulose (10). In each opened wall cavity the moisture content of wood was measured and insulation and wood samples were taken for laboratory analysis of moisture content and for the determination of the presence of absence of decay fungi. Foam shrinkage was also measured. To evaluate the possible influence of the relative air tightness of the homes, fan depressurization tests were run using a door blower unit. The field and laboratory test results indicating the lack of a moisture damage problem in existing homes with wood siding in climates similar to that of western Oregon are described along with results of a statistical analysis of the data. Related problems of interest to homeowners and insulation installers are noted. The standard operating procedures used throughout the study are discussed, including the home selection process, quantitative and qualitative techniques used to identify wall locations with the highest moisture content, wall opening and data/sample collection methodology, laboratory analysis of samples, data processing and analysis, and applicability of the results. Recommendations for furutre tests are made. Finally, the potential and desirability for future retrofitting of wall insulation is explored.
Tsongas, G.A.
Building America Top Innovations 2013 Profile � Exterior Rigid Insulation Best Practices
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
Field and lab studies by BSC, PHI, and Northern Star characterize the thermal, air, and vapor resistance properties of rigid foam insulation and describe best practices for their use on walls, roofs, and foundations.
Expert Meeting Report: Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assembliesessment of risk factors for premature building deterioration due to interior insulation retrofits, and methods to reduce such risks.
The Building Science Consortium held an Expert Meeting on Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assemblies on July 30, 2011 at the Westford Regency Hotel in Westford, MA. This report outlines the extensive information that was presented on ass
Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at the Edge of a Slab Foundation, Fresno, California (Fact Sheet), Building America Case Study: Efficient Solutions for New and Existing Homes, Building Technologies Office (BTO)
Exterior rigid foam insulation at the edge of the slab foundation was a unique feature for this low-load, unoccupied test house in a hot-dry climate and maybe more appropriate for climates with higher heating loads.
Air-conditioning electricity savings and demand reductions from exterior masonry wall insulation applied to Arizona residences
A field test involving eight single-family houses was performed during the summer of 1991 in Scottsdale, Arizona to evaluate the potential of reducing air-conditioning electricity consumption and demand by insulating their exterior masonry walls. Total per house costs to perform the installations ranged from $3610 to $4550. The average annual savings was estimated to be 491 kWh, or 9% of pre-retrofit consumption. Peak demands without and with insulation on the hottest day of an average weather year for Phoenix were estimated to be 4.26 and 3.61 kill, for a demand reduction of 0.65 kill (15%). We conclude that exterior masonry wall insulation reduces air-conditioning electricity consumption and peak demand in hot, dry climates similar to that of Phoenix. Peak demand reductions are a primary benefit, making the retrofit worthy of consideration in electric utility conservation programs. Economics can be attractive from a consumer viewpoint if considered within a renovation or home improvement program.
Ternes, M.P.; Wilkes, K.E.
An Experimental Study of the Performance of PCM-Enhanced Cellulose Insulation Used in Residential Building Walls Exposed to Full Weather Conditions
Air conditioning energy consumption in summer represents a major concern in many areas with hot and humid climates. When incorporated into the walls of light-weight residential buildings, phase change materials (PCMs) can increase the effective thermal mass of the walls and shift part of the space cooling loads to off-peak hours. The thermal properties of pure phase change materials (PCMs) and those of the mixtures of PCMs with cellulose insulation were studied via differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) tests and mass change tests. To directly prove the concept that PCM-enhanced insulation can reduce the peak heat flux across walls as well as its potential to shift part of the space cooling loads to a later time of the day, the performance of PCM-enhanced cellulose insulation was studied using two small-scale testing houses exposed to full weather conditions during the summer seasons. The testing houses were air conditioned and independently metered. Both houses had identical thermal responses prior to any retrofits. Before the tests, the PCM enhanced insulation was blown into the wall cavities in one test house while plain cellulose insulation was installed in the other house for comparison purposes. Hourly heat fluxes and daily heat flow data for four walls are presented. Based on the results, important recommendations are provided for the optimal use of PCMs in insulation systems.
Fang, Y.; Medina, M.; Evers, A.
Insulation Fact Sheet
DOE/CE-0180 DOE/CE-0180 2008 Department of Energy Assistant Secretary Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Contents: Introduction Why Insulate Your House? How Insulation Works Which Kind of Insulation is Best? What Is an R-Value? Reading the Label Insulation Product Types Insulating a New House Where and How Much Air Sealing Moisture Control and Ventilation Installation Issues Precautions Attics Walls Design Options Crawlspaces and Slabs Advanced Wall Framing Metal Framing Insulating Concrete Forms Massive Walls Structural Insulated Panels External Insulation Finish System Attic Ventilation or a Cathedralized Attic Adding Insulation to an Existing House Where and How Much How Much Insulation Do I Already Have? Air Sealing Moisture Control and Ventilation Insulation Installation, the Retrofit Challenge
Insulation | Department of Energy
Insulation Insulation Insulation May 30, 2012 - 9:14am Addthis Spray foam insulation fills the nooks and crannies in the walls of this energy-efficient Florida home. | Photo courtesy of FSEC/IBACOS. Spray foam insulation fills the nooks and crannies in the walls of this energy-efficient Florida home. | Photo courtesy of FSEC/IBACOS. Foam core structural insulated panels are built in a factory, shipped to the jobsite, and assembled. | Photo courtesy of Michael Baechler. Foam core structural insulated panels are built in a factory, shipped to the jobsite, and assembled. | Photo courtesy of Michael Baechler. Spray foam insulation fills the nooks and crannies in the walls of this energy-efficient Florida home. | Photo courtesy of FSEC/IBACOS. Foam core structural insulated panels are built in a factory, shipped to the jobsite, and assembled. | Photo courtesy of Michael Baechler.
Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at Exterior Rigid Foam Insulation at the Edge of a Slab Foundation Fresno, California PROJECT INFORMATION Construction: New Home Type: Single-family, affordable Builder: Wathen-Castanos Hybrid Homes, Inc., www.wchomes.com Size: 1,789 ft 2 Price Range: Starting at $205,000 Date completed: 2011 Climate Zone: Hot-dry PERFORMANCE DATA Using BEopt version 1.3 modeling on the house plan and specifications noted for this Fresno, California, unoccupied test house, the research team deter- mined that the house will achieve energy savings of 35.5% with respect to the Building America House Simulation Protocols*. * Hendron, R. and Engebrecht, C. NREL/TP-550-49426. "Building America House Simulation Protocols." Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2010.
Polystyrene foams for thermal insulation. (Latest citations from the Rubber and Plastics Research Asociation database). Published Search
The bibliography contains citations concerning the use of polystyrene foam as a thermal insulator. References discuss applications in railroad tracks, masonry walls, foundations for shallow buildings, and commercial roofing. Use as a vibration medium is referenced. Topics include designing with foam and self-extinguishing foams. (Contains a minimum of 77 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.)
Insulation Materials | Department of Energy
Insulation Materials Insulation Materials Insulation Materials May 30, 2012 - 10:08am Addthis Cellulose, a fiber insulation material with a high recycled content, is blown into a home attic. | Photo courtesy of Cellulose Insulation Manufacturers Association. Cellulose, a fiber insulation material with a high recycled content, is blown into a home attic. | Photo courtesy of Cellulose Insulation Manufacturers Association. Blown-in fiberglass insulation thoroughly fills the stud cavities in this home. | Photo courtesy of Bob Hendron, NREL. Blown-in fiberglass insulation thoroughly fills the stud cavities in this home. | Photo courtesy of Bob Hendron, NREL. Rigid foam board adds R-value to this wall in a Florida home. | Photo courtesy of FSEC/IBACOS. Rigid foam board adds R-value to this wall in a Florida home. | Photo
Peg supported thermal insulation panel
A thermal insulation panel which is lightweight, load bearing, accommodates thermal stress, and has excellent high temperature insulation capability comprising high performance insulation between thin metal walls supported by high density, high strength glass pegs made in compliance with specified conditions of time, temperature and pressure.
Nowobilski, Jeffert J. (Orchard Park, NY); Owens, William J. (Kenmore, NY)
A thermal insulation panel which is lightweight, load bearing, accommodates thermal stress, and has excellent high temperature insulation capability comprises high performance insulation between thin metal walls supported by high density, high strength glass pegs made in compliance with specified conditions of time, temperature and pressure. 2 figs.
Nowobilski, J.J.; Owens, W.J.
Expert Meeting Report: Interior Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry...
Insulation Retrofit of Mass Masonry Wall Assembliesessment of risk factors for premature building deterioration due to interior insulation retrofits, and methods to reduce such...
A Comparative Heat Transfer Examination of Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) With and Without Phase Change Materials (PCMs) Using a Dynamic Wall Simulator
The main focus of this paper was to present data to advance the design of a previously developed thermally-enhanced structural insulated panel (SIP) that had been outfitted with phase change materials (PCMs) (Medina et al., 2008). To advance the development of the previous design, which had only been evaluated under full weather conditions, a set of well-controlled laboratory experiments was carried out. For this, a dynamic wall simulator was built, where a range of important parameters was evaluated. This was done through a comparative heat transfer examination of SIPs, with and without PCMs; where parameters, such as, foam core material of the SIP and material of the PCM holding containers (i.e., encapsulating pipes) were evaluated. Instantaneous heat transfer rates measurements are presented. The two parameters considered (i.e., foam material and pipe material) were found to have first order effects on the performance of PCM-enhanced SIPs. The PCM outfitted SIPs reduced the peak heat fluxes when compared to their own kind, but without PCM. The results indicate that SIPs with molded expanded polystyrene (EPS) cores would benefit more from the PCM enhancement than SIPs with urethane cores. PVC pipes as holding containers for the PCMs did not prove as efficient as metal pipes.
Medina, M.; Zhu, D.
Low-cost exterior insulation process and structure
A low-cost exterior insulation process of stacking bags of insulating material against a wall and covering them with wire mesh and stucco provides a durable structure with good insulating value.
A low-cost exterior insulation process of stacking bags of insulating material against a wall and covering them with wire mesh and stucco provides a durable structure with good insulating value. 2 figs.
Vohra, A.
Materials Materials Insulation Materials May 30, 2012 - 10:08am Addthis Cellulose, a fiber insulation material with a high recycled content, is blown into a home attic. | Photo courtesy of Cellulose Insulation Manufacturers Association. Cellulose, a fiber insulation material with a high recycled content, is blown into a home attic. | Photo courtesy of Cellulose Insulation Manufacturers Association. Blown-in fiberglass insulation thoroughly fills the stud cavities in this home. | Photo courtesy of Bob Hendron, NREL. Blown-in fiberglass insulation thoroughly fills the stud cavities in this home. | Photo courtesy of Bob Hendron, NREL. Rigid foam board adds R-value to this wall in a Florida home. | Photo courtesy of FSEC/IBACOS. Rigid foam board adds R-value to this wall in a Florida home. | Photo
Section 4.2.2 Insulation: Greening Federal Facilities; Second...
can easily be added to attics or under floors, but retrofitting cavity insulation in walls is usually expensive and disruptive. It is less disruptive to add wall insulation on...
New and Underutilized Technology: Aerogel Insulation | Department of Energy
Aerogel Insulation Aerogel Insulation New and Underutilized Technology: Aerogel Insulation October 8, 2013 - 2:54pm Addthis The following information outlines key deployment considerations for aerogel insulation within the Federal sector. Benefits Aerogel insulation products displace current insulation materials. The thermal conductivity of aerogel is very low, allowing it to retain insulation properties at a much thinner thickness. Application Aerogel insulation is appropriate for deployment across piping, ducts, and within most building categories. It should be considered in building design, construction, or major renovation. Key Factors for Deployment Aerogel insulations are more expensive than typical insulations. However, they are ideal for special applications, such as translucent wall panels.
High voltage variable diameter insulator
A high voltage feedthrough assembly (10) having a tubular insulator (15) extending between the ground plane ring (16) and the high voltage ring (30). The insulator (15) is made of Pyrex and decreases in diameter from the ground plane ring (16) to the high voltage ring (30), producing equipotential lines almost perpendicular to the wall (27) of the insulator (15) to optimize the voltage-holding capability of the feedthrough assembly (10).
Vanecek, David L. (Martinez, CA); Pike, Chester D. (Pinole, CA)
Crawlspace Insulation: Technology Fact Sheet; Office of Building Technology, State and Community Programs (BTS)
Fact sheet for homeowners and contractors on how to manage moisture in the crawlspace, insulate crawlspace walls, insulate underflooring, handle ventilation, and manage radon.
Southern Energy Institute
Homeowners' demand for home insulation
The survey was conducted to provide guidance based on the views and experience of a national sample of homeowners about the insulation of their homes. The telephone survey was conducted with 1,012 homeowners between January 12 and 22, 1978 in the East, Midwest, South, and West regions of the U.S. From the survey data were compiled on plans for installing home insulation with emphasis on attic insulation; how many homes now have various types of insulation; recent experiences in obtaining attic insulation--its cost, material used, when installed, whether installed by the homeowner or a contractor; the kinds of insulation thought to be needed--attic insulation, wall insulation, storm doors and windows; whether homeowners planning attic insulation feel that they have the necessary information to do the work themselves or if they feel they know enough to make the necessary arrangements with a contractor; the effect of higher fuel costs on likelihood of installing attic insulation; shortages of insulating materials; what sources of information are relied on when planning attic insulation; attitudes toward having utility companies install insulation to be paid for by means of utility bills; how much trust homeowners have in the advice of government, utility companies, insulation manufacturers, insulation installers, and retail stores about how much insulation is needed; the likely effect of a tax credit on plans to insulate the attic; and the concern about energy shortages.
Compact vacuum insulation embodiments
An ultra-thin compact vacuum insulation panel is comprised of two hard, but bendable metal wall sheets closely spaced apart from each other and welded around the edges to enclose a vacuum chamber. Glass or ceramic spacers hold the wall sheets apart. The spacers can be discrete spherical beads or monolithic sheets of glass or ceramic webs with nodules protruding therefrom to form essentially point' or line' contacts with the metal wall sheets. In the case of monolithic spacers that form line' contacts, two such spacers with the line contacts running perpendicular to each other form effectively point' contacts at the intersections. Corrugations accommodate bending and expansion, tubular insulated pipes and conduits, and preferred applications are also included. 26 figs.
Benson, D.K.; Potter, T.F.
Compact vacuum insulation
An ultra-thin compact vacuum insulation panel is comprised of two hard, but bendable metal wall sheets closely spaced apart from each other and welded around the edges to enclose a vacuum chamber. Glass or ceramic spacers hold the wall sheets apart. The spacers can be discrete spherical beads or monolithic sheets of glass or ceramic webs with nodules protruding therefrom to form essentially point'' or line'' contacts with the metal wall sheets. In the case of monolithic spacers that form line'' contacts, two such spacers with the line contacts running perpendicular to each other form effectively point'' contacts at the intersections. Corrugations accommodate bending and expansion, tubular insulated pipes and conduits, and preferred applications are also included.
An ultra-thin compact vacuum insulation panel is comprised of two hard, but bendable metal wall sheets closely spaced apart from each other and welded around the edges to enclose a vacuum chamber. Glass or ceramic spacers hold the wall sheets apart. The spacers can be discrete spherical beads or monolithic sheets of glass or ceramic webs with nodules protruding therefrom to form essentially "point" or "line" contacts with the metal wall sheets. In the case of monolithic spacers that form "line" contacts, two such spacers with the line contacts running perpendicular to each other form effectively "point" contacts at the intersections. Corrugations accommodate bending and expansion, tubular insulated pipes and conduits, and preferred applications are also included.
Benson, David K. (Golden, CO); Potter, Thomas F. (Denver, CO)
EERE Roofus' Solar and Efficient Home: Walls
Walls Insulation Windows Activities Printable Version Walls Illustration of Roofus, a golden retriever, sitting in front of a wall. On cold nights, you use a blanket to keep you...
Collector: storage wall systems
Passive Trombe wall systems require massive masonry walls to minimize large temperature swings and movable night insulation to prevent excessive night heat losses. As a solar energy collection system, Trombe wall systems have low efficiencies because of the nature of the wall and, if auxiliary heat is needed, because of absorption of this heat. Separation of collector and storage functions markedly improves the efficiency. A simple fiberglass absorber can provide high efficiency while phase change storage provides a compact storage unit. The need for movable insulation is obviated.
Boardman, H.
Moisture Durability of Vapor Permeable Insulating Sheathing (Fact Sheet)
In this project, Building America team Building Science Corporation researched some of the ramifications of using exterior, vapor permeable insulation on retrofit walls with vapor permeable cavity insulation. Retrofit strategies are a key factor in reducing exterior building stock consumption.
Insulated pipe clamp design
Thin wall large diameter piping for breeder reactor plants can be subjected to significant thermal shocks during reactor scrams and other upset events. On the Fast Flux Test Facility, the addition of thick clamps directly on the piping was undesired because the differential metal temperatures between the pipe wall and the clamp could have significantly reduced the pipe thermal fatigue life cycle capabilities. Accordingly, an insulated pipe clamp design concept was developed. The design considerations and methods along with the development tests are presented. Special considerations to guard against adverse cracking of the insulation material, to maintain the clamp-pipe stiffness desired during a seismic event, to minimize clamp restraint on the pipe during normal pipe heatup, and to resist clamp rotation or spinning on the pipe are emphasized.
Anderson, M.J.; Hyde, L.L.; Wagner, S.E.; Severud, L.K.
Window insulation
Insulating apparatus consisting of a plurality of low thermal conductivity panels slidably carried in a conventional window frame is described. 13 claims.
Saucier, E.
Development of insulating coatings for liquid metal blankets
It is shown that self-cooled liquid metal blankets are feasible only with electrically insulating coatings at the duct walls. The requirements on the insulation properties are estimated by simple analytical models. Candidate insulator materials are selected based on insulating properties and thermodynamic consideration. Different fabrication technologies for insulating coatings are described. The status of the knowledge on the most crucial feasibility issue, the degradation of the resisivity under irradiation, is reviewed.
Malang, S.; Borgstedt, H.U. [Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH (Germany); Farnum, E.H. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Natesan, K. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States); Vitkovski, I.V. [Efremov Inst., St. Petersburg (Russian Federation). MHD-Machines Lab.
the interior of a building. Half-inch drywall is usually sufficient, but check with local building officials before installing. Exterior Wall Insulation In an existing home,...
High-R Walls for Remodeling: Wall Cavity Moisture Monitoring
The focus of the study is on the performance of wall systems, and in particular, the moisture characteristics inside the wall cavity and in the wood sheathing. Furthermore, while this research will initially address new home construction, the goal is to address potential moisture issues in wall cavities of existing homes when insulation and air sealing improvements are made.
Wiehagen, J.; Kochkin, V.
Building and Fire Publications
... example, includes Exterior Walls, Exterior Windows ... for example, include wall foundations, column foundations, perimeter drainage, and insulation. ...
Savings Project: Insulate Your Water Heater Tank | Department of Energy
Savings Project: Insulate Your Water Heater Tank Savings Project: Insulate Your Water Heater Tank Savings Project: Insulate Your Water Heater Tank Addthis Project Level medium Energy Savings $20-$45 annually Time to Complete 1.5 hours Overall Cost $30 Insulate your hot water tank to save energy and money. | Photo courtesy of iStockphoto.com/glennebo Insulate your hot water tank to save energy and money. | Photo courtesy of iStockphoto.com/glennebo Just like insulating your walls or roof, insulating your hot water tank is an easy and inexpensive way to improve energy efficiency and save you money each month. If your water tank is new, it is likely already insulated. If you have an older hot water tank, check to see if it has insulation with an R-value of at least 24. If not, consider insulating your water tank, which
Development of a Leave-in-Place Slab Edge Insulating Form System
Concrete slabs represent the primary foundation type in residential buildings in the fast-growing markets throughout the southern and southwestern United States. Nearly 75% of the 2005 U.S. population growth occurred in these southern tier states. Virtually all of these homes have uninsulated slab perimeters that transfer a small, but steady, flow of heat from conditioned space to outdoors during the heating season. It is estimated that new home foundations constructed each year add 0.016 quads annually to U.S. national energy consumption; we project that roughly one quarter of this amount can be attributed to heat loss through the slab edge and the remaining three quarters to deep ground transfers, depending upon climate. With rising concern over national energy use and the impact of greenhouse gas emissions, it is becoming increasingly imperative that all cost-effective efforts to improve building energy efficiency be implemented. Unlike other building envelope components that have experienced efficiency improvements over the years, slab edge heat loss has largely been overlooked. From our vantage point, a marketable slab edge insulation system would offer significant benefits to homeowners, builders, and the society as a whole. Conventional slab forming involves the process of digging foundation trenches and setting forms prior to the concrete pour. Conventional wood form boards (usually 2 x 10's) are supported by vertical stakes on the outer form board surface, and by supporting 'kickers' driven diagonally from the top of the form board into soil outside the trench. Typically, 2 x 10's can be used only twice before they become waste material, contributing to an additional 400 pounds of construction waste per house. Removal of the form boards and stakes also requires a follow-up trip to the jobsite by the concrete subcontractor and handling (storage/disposal) of the used boards. In the rare cases where the slab is insulated (typically custom homes with radiant floor heating), the most practical insulation strategy is to secure rigid foam insulation, such as Dow Styrofoam{trademark}, to the inside of the wooden slab edge forms. An alternative is to clad insulation to the perimeter of the slab after the slab has been poured and cured. In either case, the foam must have a 'termite strip' that prevents termites from creating hidden tunnels through or behind the foam on their way to the wall framing above. Frequently this termite strip is a piece of sheet metal that must be fabricated for each project. The above-grade portion of the insulation also needs to be coated for appearance and to prevent damage from construction and UV degradation. All these steps add time, complexity, and expense to the insulating process.
Marc Hoeschele; Eric Lee
Moisture Control in Insulated Raised Floor Systems in Southern Louisiana
polyisocyanurate foam, open-cell sprayed polyurethane foams of vary- ing vapor permeance, closed-cell sprayed in guidance for insulating raised floors in the hot and humid climate of the Gulf Houses with pier foundations
Vision Research Foundations
Vision Research Foundations National Alliance for Eye and Vision Research www.eyeresearch.org Foundation Fighting Blindness www.blindness.org Research to Prevent Blindess...
Window insulator
An insulator for mounting to a window. A pair of plastic layers including a plurality of partitions positioned therebetween form air pockets between the layers. A plurality of suction cups and suction grooves arranged in rows on one outer surface of the sheet removably secure the sheet to a window. The sheet includes a circumferentially extending recessed portion receiving the window frame.
Nesbitt, W. A.
Emerging Weak Localization Effects on Topological Insulator-Insulating Ferromagnet (Bi_2Se_3-EuS) Interface
Thin films of topological insulator Bi_2Se_3 were deposited directly on insulating ferromagnetic EuS. Unusual negative magnetoresistance was observed near the zero field below the Curie temperature (T_C), resembling the weak localization effect; whereas the usual positive magnetoresistance was recovered above T_C. Such negative magnetoresistance was only observed for Bi_2Se_3 layers thinner than t~4nm, when its top and bottom surfaces are coupled. These results provide evidence for a proximity effect between a topological insulator and an insulating ferromagnet, laying the foundation for future realization of the half-integer quantized anomalous Hall effect in three-dimensional topological insulators.
Qi I. Yang; Merav Dolev; Li Zhang; Jinfeng Zhao; Alexander D. Fried; Elizabeth Schemm; Min Liu; Alexander Palevski; Ann F. Marshall; Subhash H. Risbud; Aharon Kapitulnik
Types of Insulation | Department of Energy
Types of Insulation Types of Insulation Types of Insulation May 30, 2012 - 11:43am Addthis In existing homes, cellulose (here) or other loose-fill materials can be installed in building cavities through holes drilled (usually) on the exterior of the house. After the installation, the holes are plugged and finish materials replaced. | Photo courtesy of Cellulose Insulation Manufacturers Association. In existing homes, cellulose (here) or other loose-fill materials can be installed in building cavities through holes drilled (usually) on the exterior of the house. After the installation, the holes are plugged and finish materials replaced. | Photo courtesy of Cellulose Insulation Manufacturers Association. Icynene plastic insulation blown into the walls of a home near Denver. Icynene fills cracks and crevices and adheres to the framing. | Photo courtesy of Paul Norton, NREL.
Insulation Insulation Insulation Where to Insulate Learn where to insulate in a home to save money and improve comfort. Read more Insulation Get the facts about how insulation works. Read more Estimate the Payback Period for Insulation Adding insulation to your home will likely have an attractive payback. Read more You can reduce your home's heating and cooling costs through proper insulation and air sealing techniques. These techniques will also make your home more comfortable. Any air sealing efforts will complement your insulation efforts, and vice versa. Proper moisture control and ventilation strategies will improve the effectiveness of air sealing and insulation, and vice versa. Featured Insulation for New Home Construction Planning carefully for insulation results in reduced utility bills and superior comfort during the life of the home. In this house, raised heel trusses accommodate R-60 insulation. | Credit: Paul Norton, NREL.
The purpose of this analysis is to design structural foundations for the Generator Pad. The equipment foundation shall be designed in Section 10 using standard foundation design hand calculations. The vertical loads reflect Mechanical/Electrical requirements. Lateral loads will be calculated using applicable codes. The soil bearing and foundation stresses will be analyzed using accepted engineering mechanics. The foundation will be designed using the Strength Design Method.
T. Saltikov
Insulation Strategies to Meet Upcoming Code and Above Code Programs
Insulation Strategies to Meet Insulation Strategies to Meet Upcoming Code and Above Code Programs 1 Christopher Little, BASF Corporation, Center for Building Excellence 3/2/2012 Presentation Overview Innovative insulating & wall assembly strategies Typical assembly New innovations Features & benefits of each 2 3/2/2012 Typical Site Built Residential Wall Concept: Site built wood frame wall with exterior sheathing and batt insulation Components: Exterior Finish (bulk moisture control) Building wrap Exterior sheathing 2x4 Studs @16" O.C. Batt Insulation (+/- 3.7 R per inch) Gypsum board Benefits: Relatively low cost ICF Site-built 3 3/2/2012 Typical Site Built Residential Wall Key performance deficiencies Low effective R-value Difficulty meeting IECC 2012 R-value
Building America Top Innovations Hall of Fame Profile � Basement Insulation Systems
This Building America Innovations profile describes Building America research on basement insulation, which identifies the wall installation methods and materials that perform best in terms of insulation and water resistance.
Available Technologies: Conducting Domain Walls in Insulating ...
He, Q. Zhan, Y.-H. Chu, A. Rother, M.E. Hawkridge, P. Maksymovych, P. Yu, M. Gajek, N. Balke, S.V. Kalinin, S. Gemming, F. Wang, G. Catalan, J.F. Scott, ...
Conducting Domain Walls in Insulating Oxides - Energy ...
The purpose of this analysis is to design structural foundations for the Diesel Fuel Tank and Fuel Pumps.
M. Gomez
Insulated laser tube structure and method of making same
An insulated high temperature ceramic laser tube having substantially uniform insulation along the length of the tube is disclosed having particulate ceramic insulation positioned between the outer wall of the ceramic laser tube and the inner surface of tubular ceramic fiber insulation which surrounds the ceramic laser tube. The particulate ceramic insulation is preferably a ceramic capable of sintering to the outer surface of the ceramic laser tube and to the inner surface of the tubular ceramic fiber insulation. The addition of the particulate ceramic insulation to fill all the voids between the ceramic laser tube and the fibrous ceramic insulation permits the laser tube to be operated at a substantially uniform temperature throughout the length of the laser tube.
Dittbenner, Gerald R. (4353 Findlay Way, Livermore, CA 94550)
Expert Meeting Report: Cladding Attachment Over Exterior Insulation |
Cladding Attachment Over Exterior Insulation Cladding Attachment Over Exterior Insulation Expert Meeting Report: Cladding Attachment Over Exterior Insulation The addition of insulation to the exterior of buildings is an effective means of increasing the thermal resistance of both wood framed walls as well as mass masonry wall assemblies. The location of the insulation to the exterior of the structure has many direct benefits including better effective R-value from reduced thermal bridging, better condensation resistance, reduced thermal stress on the structure, as well as other commonly associated improvements such as increased air tightness and improved water management (Hutcheon 1964, Lstiburek 2007). The intent of the meeting was to review the current state of industry knowledge regarding cladding attachment over exterior insulation with a specific focus on: 1.
Calcium silicate insulation structure
An insulative structure including a powder-filled evacuated casing utilizes a quantity of finely divided synthetic calcium silicate having a relatively high surface area. The resultant structure-provides superior thermal insulating characteristics over a broad temperature range and is particularly well-suited as a panel for a refrigerator or freezer or the insulative barrier for a cooler or a insulated bottle.
Kollie, Thomas G. (Oak Ridge, TN); Lauf, Robert J. (Oak Ridge, TN)
Multiple density layered insulator
A multiple density layered insulator for use with a laser is disclosed which provides at least two different insulation materials for a laser discharge tube, where the two insulation materials have different thermoconductivities. The multiple layer insulation materials provide for improved thermoconductivity capability for improved laser operation. 4 figs.
Alger, T.W.
A multiple density layered insulator for use with a laser is disclosed wh provides at least two different insulation materials for a laser discharge tube, where the two insulation materials have different thermoconductivities. The multiple layer insulation materials provide for improved thermoconductivity capability for improved laser operation.
Alger, Terry W. (Tracy, CA)
Membranes Improve Insulation Efficiency
It has been determined from extensive tests involving test models and home attics that loose fill and fiber batt insulation does not function as expected by the industry. The reason for this deficiency is current test methods do not accurately predict the magnitude of air infiltration into fiber insulation as used in home attics, radiant heat infiltration into the insulation during summer, or radiant heat loss through the insulation during winter conditions. The use of (1) moisture permeable membranes over the insulation, and (2) layered membranes between fiber batts to form closed cells in the insulation both dramatically improve the efficiency of the fiber insulation. The efficiency of this insulation will be improved to an even greater degree if these membranes reflect radiant heat as well as reduce convection air currents. Extensive tests have also been conducted which show that if moisture permeable membranes are used over fiber insulation, the moisture content of the insulation will be reduced.
Bullock, C. A.
TMS Foundation: Donors
Corporate Contributors Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Wagstaff Inc, Foundation Founders ($1000-$2,499) Carl M. Cady Phillip J. Mackey David Alan Shifler
TMS Foundation: Programs
That's why the TMS Foundation funds student travel grants to offset the costs of attending the TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition and ... SPECIAL PROJECTS.
The purpose of this analysis is to design structural foundations for the Site Lighting. This analysis is in support of design drawing BABBDF000-01717-2100-23016.
Electrical insulator assembly with oxygen permeation barrier
A high-voltage electrical insulator for electrically insulating a thermoelectric module in a spacecraft from a niobium-1% zirconium alloy wall of a heat exchanger filled with liquid lithium while providing good thermal conductivity between the heat exchanger and the thermoelectric module. The insulator has a single crystal alumina layer (SxAl[sub 2]O[sub 3], sapphire) with a niobium foil layer bonded thereto on the surface of the alumina crystal facing the heat exchanger wall, and a molybdenum layer bonded to the niobium layer to act as an oxygen permeation barrier to preclude the oxygen depleting effects of the lithium from causing undesirable niobium-aluminum intermetallic layers near the alumina-niobium interface. 3 figures.
Van Der Beck, R.R.; Bond, J.A.
A high-voltage electrical insulator (21) for electrically insulating a thermoelectric module (17) in a spacecraft from a niobium-1% zirconium alloy wall (11) of a heat exchanger (13) filled with liquid lithium (16) while providing good thermal conductivity between the heat exchanger and the thermoelectric module. The insulator (21) has a single crystal alumina layer (SxAl.sub.2 O.sub.3, sapphire) with a niobium foil layer (32) bonded thereto on the surface of the alumina crystal (26) facing the heat exchanger wall (11), and a molybdenum layer (31) bonded to the niobium layer (32) to act as an oxygen permeation barrier to preclude the oxygen depleting effects of the lithium from causing undesirable niobium-aluminum intermetallic layers near the alumina-niobium interface.
Van Der Beck, Roland R. (Lansdale, PA); Bond, James A. (Exton, PA)
High temperature structural insulating material
A high temperature structural insulating material useful as a liner for cylinders of high temperature engines through the favorable combination of high service temperature (above about 800/sup 0/C), low thermal conductivity (below about 0.2 W/m/sup 0/C), and high compressive strength (above about 250 psi). The insulating material is produced by selecting hollow ceramic beads with a softening temperature above about 800/sup 0/C, a diameter within the range of 20-200 ..mu..m, and a wall thickness in the range of about 2 to 4 ..mu..m; compacting the beads and a compatible silicate binder composition under pressure and sintering conditions to provide the desired structural form with the structure having a closed-cell, compact array of bonded beads.
Chen, W.Y.
Insulator Reference Book: Chapter 1: Insulator Fundamentals
This technical update report presents a draft first chapter of the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Insulator Reference Book, which is being developed to give utility transmission engineers a comprehensive information resource on all aspects of high-voltage insulators.BackgroundHigh-voltage insulators are an essential part of the power delivery system. They ensure the safe transmission of electricity from generating stations to substations, where the ...
The invention relates to a low-cost process for insulating walls comprising: (a) stacking bags filled with insulating material next to the exterior surface of a wall until the wall is covered, the stack of bags thus formed having fasteners to attach to a wire mesh (e.g., straps looped between the bags and fastened to the wall); (b) stretching a wire mesh (e.g., chicken wire or stucco netting) over the stack of bags, covering the side of the bags which is not adjacent to the wall; (c) fastening the wire mesh to stationary objects; (d) attaching the wire mesh to said fasteners on said stack of bags; and (e) applying a cemetitious material (e.g., stucco) to the wire mesh and allowing it to harden. Stacking the bags against the wall is preferably preceded by laying a base on the ground at the foot of the wall using a material such as cement or crushed stone wrapped in a non-woven fabric (e.g., geosynthetic felt). It is also preferred to erect stationary corner posts at the ends of the wall to be insulated, the top ends of the posts being tied to each other and/or tied or otherwise anchored to the wall. The invention also includes the structure made by this process. The structure comprises a stack of bags of insulating material next to the exterior wall of a building, said stack of bags of insulating material being attached to said wall and having a covering of cementitious material on the side not adjacent to said wall.
Vohra, Arun
Electrically insulating and sealing frame
A combination gas seal and electrical insulator having a closed frame shape interconnects a fuel cell stack and a reactant gas plenum of a fuel cell generator. The frame can be of rectangular shape including at least one slidable spline connection in each side to permit expansion or contraction consistent with that of the walls of the gas plenum and fuel cell stack. The slidable spline connections in the frame sides minimizes lateral movement between the frame side members and sealing material interposed between the frame and the fuel cell stack or between the frame and the reactant gas plenum.
Guthrie, Robin J. (East Hartford, CT)
Apparatus for insulating windows and the like
Apparatus for insulating window openings through walls and the like includes a thermal shutter, a rail for mounting the shutter adjacent to the window opening and a coupling for connecting the shutter to the rail. The thermal shutter includes an insulated panel adhered to frame members which surround the periphery of the panel. The frame members include a hard portion for providing the frame and a soft portion for providing a seal with that portion of the wall adjacent to the periphery of the opening. The coupling means is preferably integral with the attachment rail. According to a preferred embodiment, the coupling means includes a continuous hinge of reduced thickness. The thermal shutter can be permanently attached, hinged, bi-folded, or sliding with respect to the window and wall. A distribution method is to market the apparatus in "kit" form.
Mitchell, Robert A. (R.D. #1, Box 462-A, Voorheesville, NY 12186)
Apparatus for insulating window openings through walls and the like includes a thermal shutter, a rail for mounting the shutter adjacent to the window opening and a coupling for connecting the shutter to the rail. The thermal shutter includes an insulated panel adhered to frame members which surround the periphery of the panel. The frame members include a hard portion for providing the frame and a soft portion for providing a seal with that portion of the wall adjacent to the periphery of the opening. The coupling means is preferably integral with the attachment rail. According to a preferred embodiment, the coupling means includes a continuous hinge of reduced thickness. The thermal shutter can be permanently attached, hinged, bi-folded, or sliding with respect to the window and wall. A distribution method is to market the apparatus in kit'' form. 11 figs.
Mitchell, R.A.
planning to do the job yourself. How does it work? Insulation slows heat flow through the building envelope of your home. Insulation in your home provides resistance to heat flow....
Thermal Performance of Uninsulated and Partially Filled Wall Cavities: Preprint
Low-rise, wood-framed homes are the most common type of residential structures in the United States. Wood wall construction supports roofs efficiently and provides a stable frame for attaching interior and exterior wall coverings. Wall cavities are prevalent and increase thermal resistance, particularly when they are filled with insulating material. This paper describes detailed computational fluid dynamics modeling to evaluate the thermal performance of uninsulated or partially filled wall cavities and accounts for conduction through framing, convection, and radiation. Parameters are ambient outdoor temperature, cavity surface emissivity, cavity aspect ratio, and insulation height. Understanding the thermal performance of uninsulated or partially insulated wall cavities is essential for conserving energy in residential buildings. The results can serve as input for building energy simulation tools such as DOE2 and EnergyPlus for modeling the temperature dependent energy performance of new and older homes with uninsulated or partially insulated walls.
Ridouane, E. H.; Bianchi, M.
Polymer Insulator Vintage Guide
For more than 30 years, polymer long rod suspension insulators have been available and used on transmission lines. The primary functions of polymer insulatorsalso called composite insulators or nonceramic insulatorsare to provide 1) mechanical strength to attach the conductors to the structures and 2) electrical insulation between the conductors and the structure. Initially, the use of polymer insulators was limited because utilities had limited experience; however, today, the use is more widespread. Con...
Insulating polymer concrete
A lightweight insulating polymer concrete formed from a lightweight closed cell aggregate and a water resistance polymeric binder.
Schorr, H. Peter (Douglaston, NY); Fontana, Jack J. (Shirley, NY); Steinberg, Meyer (Melville, NY)
Thermal Insulation Materials
... IN. Knauf Insulation Product Testing Laboratory, Shelbyville, IN [200883- 0] MI. Dow Chemical Building Solutions Product Perf. ...
ZIP. Economic Insulation Levels for Houses
ZIP was developed to support the calculations and database used to estimate the economic levels of insulation published in the U.S. Department of Energy`s Insulation Fact Sheet. The program allows the user to estimate economic levels of insulation for attics, exterior walls, floors over unheated areas, slab floors, and basement and crawlspace walls for new and existing houses in any 3-digit zip code location in the U.S., based on local climate data, local prices for energy and insulation, and the type and estimated efficiency of its heating and cooling system. ZIP recognizes five different heating systems: natural gas, oil furnaces, electric furnaces, electric baseboard, and electric heat pump and two cooling systems: central and window electric air conditioners. An evaporative cooling system can also be specified, but this is not treated as a true air-conditioning system. In addition, the user can specify the approximate operating efficiency of the heating and cooling systems (low, medium, high, or very high). ZIP can be run for a single zip code and specified heating and cooling system or in a batch mode for any number of consecutive zip codes to provide a table of economic insulation levels for use at the state or national level.
McElroy, D. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)
ZIP was developed to support the calculations and database used to estimate the economic levels of insulation published in the U.S. Department of Energy's Insulation Fact Sheet. The program allows the user to estimate economic levels of insulation for attics, exterior walls, floors over unheated areas, slab floors, and basement and crawlspace walls for new and existing houses in any 3-digit zip code location in the U.S., based on local climate data, local prices for energy and insulation, and the type and estimated efficiency of its heating and cooling system. ZIP recognizes five different heating systems: natural gas, oil furnaces, electric furnaces, electric baseboard, and electric heat pump and two cooling systems: central and window electric air conditioners. An evaporative cooling system can also be specified, but this is not treated as a true air-conditioning system. In addition, the user can specify the approximate operating efficiency of the heating and cooling systems (low, medium, high, or very high). ZIP can be run for a single zip code and specified heating and cooling system or in a batch mode for any number of consecutive zip codes to provide a table of economic insulation levels for use at the state or national level.
McElroy, D. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States))
New Corrosion Resistance Bar in Sandwich Wall
Sandwich masonry wall is an energy-saving composite wall with good mechanical properties and durability. But the adhesion strength to its tie bar affects its permanence. In order to simple the traditional production processes, a new method was proposed. ... Keywords: energy-saving, durability, steel bar, insulation
Li Yancang; Ge Xiaohua; Wang Fengxin
Foundations for smarter cities
This paper describes the information technology (IT) foundation and principles for Smarter Cities�. Smarter Cities are urban areas that exploit operational data, such as that arising from traffic congestion, power consumption statistics, and public ...
C. Harrison; B. Eckman; R. Hamilton; P. Hartswick; J. Kalagnanam; J. Paraszczak; P. Williams
Transmission Structure Foundation Design Guide
This guide contains the most current and comprehensive information for the design of foundations for overhead line structures. The guide covers the complete transmission structure foundation design process from the subsurface investigations and design of the foundations, to the construction and inspection of the foundation. Reference documents to assist transmission structure foundation designers in the development of specifications such as for subsurface investigations and foundation construction ...
Design Tool for Cryogenic Thermal Insulation Systems
Thermal isolation of low-temperature systems from ambient environments is a constant issue faced by practitioners of cryogenics. For energy-efficient systems and processes to be realized, thermal insulation must be considered as an integrated system, not merely an add-on element. A design tool to determine the performance of insulation systems for comparative trade-off studies of different available material options was developed. The approach is to apply thermal analysis to standard shapes (plane walls, cylinders, spheres) that are relatively simple to characterize with a one-dimensional analytical or numerical model. The user describes the system hot and cold boundary geometry and the operating environment. Basic outputs such as heat load and temperature profiles are determined. The user can select from a built-in insulation material database or input user defined materials. Existing information has been combined with the new experimental thermal conductivity data produced by the Cryogenics Test Laboratory for cryogenic and vacuum environments, including high vacuum, soft vacuum, and no vacuum. Materials in the design tool include multilayer insulation, aerogel blankets, aerogel bulk-fill, foams, powders, composites, and other insulation system constructions. A comparison of the design tool to a specific composite thermal insulation system is given.
Demko, Jonathan A [ORNL; Fesmire, J. E. [NASA Kennedy Space Center, Kennedy Space Center, Florida; Augustynowicz, S. D. [Sierra Lobo Inc., Kennedy Space Center, Florida
Georgia Cities Foundation - Green Communities Revolving Loan Fund (Georgia)
Georgia Cities Foundation - Green Communities Revolving Loan Fund Georgia Cities Foundation - Green Communities Revolving Loan Fund (Georgia) Georgia Cities Foundation - Green Communities Revolving Loan Fund (Georgia) < Back Eligibility Commercial Savings Category Heating & Cooling Commercial Heating & Cooling Heating Home Weatherization Commercial Weatherization Sealing Your Home Cooling Appliances & Electronics Construction Design & Remodeling Other Ventilation Heat Pumps Commercial Lighting Lighting Insulation Water Heating Solar Maximum Rebate $250,000 Program Info Funding Source Georgia Environmental Facilities Authority State Georgia Program Type State Loan Program Rebate Amount $10,000-$250,000 Provider Georgia Cities Foundation The Green Communities Fund is a revolving loan fund providing low-interest loans to businesses located within the city limits of any city in Georgia.
Critical Foundations: Protecting America's Infrastructures
Page 1. CRITICAL FOUNDATIONS PROTECTING AMERICA'S INFRASTRUCTURES The Report of the President's Commission ...
Nuclear reactor vessel fuel thermal insulating barrier
The reactor vessel of a nuclear reactor installation which is suspended from the cold leg nozzles in a reactor cavity is provided with a lower thermal insulating barrier spaced from the reactor vessel that has a hemispherical lower section that increases in volume from the center line of the reactor to the outer extent of the diameter of the thermal insulating barrier and smoothly transitions up the side walls of the vessel. The space between the thermal insulating harrier and the reactor vessel forms a chamber which can be flooded with cooling water through passive valving to directly cool the reactor vessel in the event of a severe accident. The passive inlet valve for the cooling water includes a buoyant door that is normally maintained sealed under its own weight and floats open when the cavity is Hooded. Passively opening steam vents are also provided.
Keegan, C. Patrick; Scobel, James H.; Wright, Richard F.
Moisture Durability of Vapor Permeable Insulating Sheathing (Fact Sheet), Building America Case Study: Technology Solutions for New and Existing Homes, Building Technologies Office (BTO)
Loose-fill insulations
Whether you are increasing the insulation levels in your current home or selecting insulation for a new home, choosing the right insulation material can be challenging. Fibrous loose-fill insulations such as cellulose, fiberglass, and rock wool are options you may wish to consider. This publication will introduce you to these materials--what they are, how they are applied, how they compare with each other, and other considerations regarding their use--so that you can decide whether loose fills are right for your home.
Reflective Insulation Handbook.
When reflective-foil insulation manufacturers wanted the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) to include their products in the Residential Weatherization Program, they lacked conclusive test data to prove that their products met program specifications. Reflective foils lacked widespread acceptance because of uncertainty about their insulation values. BPA discovered that the Department of Energy (DOE) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) was preparing a study to test how well reflective foils reduced horizontal heat flow. Because the insulation value of reflective foils depends upon the direction of heat flow, BPA provided additional funding to test their effectiveness in reducing upward and downward heat flow and to produce this Handbook. The objectives of this study were to develop acceptable test and evaluation methods, produce an initial data base of idealized reflective-foil insulation systems, extend this data base to a limited number of commercially available products to develop and test analytical models to predict thermal performance and develop a Reflective Insulation Handbook for homeowners and insulation contractors. This handbook describes how heat is transferred; the function of an insulation; what reflective insulation is; types of reflective insulation; where it can be used; installation procedures; thermal performance; and useful sources of information. 10 figs., 2 tabs.
Desjarlais, Andre O.; Tye, Ronald P.
Thermal Insulation Systems
Thermal insulation systems are receiving a high degree of attention in view of increasing energy cost. Industrial, commercial and residential energy users are all well aware of energy cost increases and great emphasis is being directed to energy cost reduction programs. One of the best places to start with energy conservation is to employ proper insulation systems. This article discusses the significant properties of thermal insulation materials primarily for industrial application. Some of the information is applicable to commercial and residential insulation. Only hot service conditions will be covered.
Stanley, T. F.
THE AOCS FOUNDATION Mail: P.O. Box 17190, Urbana, IL 61803-7190 USA Street: 2710 S. Boulder Drive, Urbana, IL 61802-6996 USA Phone: +1-217-359-2344; Fax: +1-217-351-8091 www.aocsfoundation.org
Building America Top Innovations Hall of Fame Profile � High-R Walls
This Building America Innovations profile describes Building America research on high-R-value walls showing the difference between rated and whole wall R values and the need for vented cladding to reduce condensation potential with some insulation types.
Gas insulated transmission line with insulators having field controlling recesses
A gas insulated transmission line having a novel insulator for supporting an inner conductor concentrically within an outer sheath. The insulator has a recess contiguous with the periphery of one of the outer and inner conductors. The recess is disposed to a depth equal to an optimum gap for the dielectric insulating fluid used for the high voltage insulation or alternately disposed to a large depth so as to reduce the field at the critical conductor/insulator interface.
Cookson, Alan H. (Pittsburgh, PA); Pederson, Bjorn O. (Chelmsford, MA)
Tips: Insulation | Department of Energy
Insulation Insulation Tips: Insulation May 2, 2012 - 6:03pm Addthis Where to Insulate. Adding insulation in the areas shown here may be the best way to improve your home's energy efficiency. Insulate either the attic floor or under the roof. Check with a contractor about crawl space or basement insulation. Where to Insulate. Adding insulation in the areas shown here may be the best way to improve your home's energy efficiency. Insulate either the attic floor or under the roof. Check with a contractor about crawl space or basement insulation. Insulation is made from a variety of materials, and it usually comes in four types: rolls and batts, loose-fill, rigid foam, and foam-in-place. Rolls and Batts Rolls and batts -- or blankets -- are flexible products made from mineral
18 December 2006 BUILDING INSULATION
18 December 2006 07200-1 BUILDING INSULATION CONSTRUCTION STANDARD SPECIFICATION SECTION 07200 BUILDING INSULATION PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 Summary.....................................................................................5 2.04 Pre-Engineered Building Insulation
Building Technologies Office: Building Envelope Technologies...
energy efficiency. Research in building envelope technologies includes: Foundations Insulation Roofing and Attics Walls Foundations Photo of the concrete foundation of a building...
Wall R-values that tell it like it is
The R-value of a whole wall can be considerable lower than the R-value of the insulation that fills it. At DOE`s Buildings Technology Center, scientists have developed a system for measuring whole wall R-value and have already tested several wall systems. Topics covered include the following: how wall r-value is usually calculated; measuring whole-wall r-values; evaluating wall performance; a wall rating label; beyond r-value; r-value terminology. 1 fig., 1 tab.
Christian, J.E. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Kosny, J. [Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Comparison of Thermal Insulation Materials.
??This thesis is about comparing of different thermal insulation materials of different manufactures. In our days there are a lot of different thermal insulation materials� (more)
Chaykovskiy, German
Equipment Insulation | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Login | Sign Up Search Page Edit History Facebook icon Twitter icon Equipment Insulation Jump to: navigation, search TODO: Add description List of Equipment Insulation...
Building Insulation | Open Energy Information
Building Insulation Jump to: navigation, search TODO: Add description List of Building Insulation Incentives Retrieved from "http:en.openei.orgwindex.php?titleBuildingInsulat...
Domain wall induced magnetoresistance in a superconductor/ferromagnet nanowire
In a nanowire consisting of a ferromagnet/insulator/superconductor multilayer structure, the superconductivity is shown to depend strongly on the configuration of the magnetic domain walls in the neighboring ferromagnetic ...
Miao, G. X.
Pipe Insulation Economies
Pipe Insulation Economies is a computer program written in IBM basic to simplify the economic insulation thickness for an insulated pipe. Many articles have been written on this subject, from simple nomographs to a small book written in 1976 by the Federal Energy Administration, called "Economic Thickness for Industrial Insulation (ETI)." This paper is meant to fall somewhere between these extremes without sacrificing the accuracy necessary for economic considerations. Within this text, insulation is dealt with not as a material but as a method to slow heat transfer. To simplify the various mechanisms by which heat is transferred, the variable "thermal conductivity" is used. This is modeled for average insulation temperature. Another variable which has caused problems in the past is the ambient air film coefficient, or surface resistance. This program deals with this coefficient by making an initial assumption, then using an iterative process to refine the actual values before making the economic calculations. The program will use the input data to determine first of all the heat loss in BTU per hr/ft. of pipe. Using this result the lowest annual cost, therefore the most economical insulation thickness, is determined.
Schilling, R. E.
Home Depot Foundation | Open Energy Information
Depot Foundation Jump to: navigation, search Name Home Depot Foundation Place Atlanta, GA Website http:www.homedepotfoundation References Home Depot Foundation1 Information...
Insulation fact sheet
Electricity bills, oil bills, gas bills - all homeowners pay for one or more of these utilities, and wish they paid less. Often many of us do not really know how to control or reduce our utility bills. We resign ourselves to high bills because we think that is the price we have to pay for a comfortable home. We encourage our children to turn off the lights and appliances, but may not recognize the benefits of insulating the attic. This publication provides facts relative to home insulation. It discusses where to insulate, what products to use, the decision making process, installation options, and sources of additional information.
Body Fat as Insulation
Body Fat as Insulation Name: Bulza Location: NA Country: NA Date: NA Question: Does the fat layer under the skinkeep an animal warm? Replies: Some animals, yes. Polar bears and...
comfort during the life of the home. In this house, raised heel trusses accommodate R-60 insulation. | Credit: Paul Norton, NREL. Building a new energy-efficient home requires...
Vacuum foil insulation system
In a multifoil thermal insulation package having a plurality of concentric cylindrical cups, means are provided for reducing heat loss from the penetration region which extends through the cups. At least one cup includes an integral skirt extending from one end of the cup to intersection with the penetration means. Assembly of the insulation package with the skirted cup is facilitated by splitting the cup to allow it to be opened up and fitted around the other cups during assembly.
Hanson, John P. (White Oak Boro, PA); Sabolcik, Rudolph E. (Carroll Township, PA); Svedberg, Robert C. (Elizabeth Township, PA)
Moisture Management of High-R Walls (Fact Sheet)
The following report explains the moisture-related concerns for High R-value wall assemblies and discusses past Building America research work that informs this study. Hygrothermal simulations were prepared for several common approaches to High R-value wall construction in six cities (Houston, Atlanta, Seattle, St. Louis, Chicago, and International Falls) representing a range of climate zones (2, 3, 4C, 4, 5A, and 7, respectively). The simulations are informed by experience gained from past research in this area and validated by field measurement and forensic experience. The modeling program was developed to assess the moisture durability of the wall assemblies based on three primary sources of moisture: construction moisture, air leakage condensation, and bulk water leakage. The peak annual moisture content of the wood based exterior sheathing was used to comparatively analyze the response to the moisture loads for each of the walls in each given city. Walls which experienced sheathing moisture contents between 20% and 28% were identified as risky, whereas those exceeding 28% were identified as very high risk. All of the wall assemblies perform well under idealized conditions. However, only the walls with exterior insulation, or cavity insulation which provides a hygrothermal function similar to exterior insulation, perform adequately when exposed to moisture loads. Walls with only cavity insulation are particularly susceptible to air leakage condensation. None of the walls performed well when a precipitation based bulk water leak was introduced to the backside of the sheathing, emphasizing the importance of proper flashing details.
Moisture Management for High R-Value Walls
Lepage, R.; Schumacher, C.; Lukachko, A.
Thermal performance of concrete masonry unit wall systems
New materials, modern building wall technologies now available in the building marketplace, and unique, more accurate, methods of thermal analysis of wall systems create an opportunity to design and erect buildings where thermal envelopes that use masonry wall systems can be more efficient. Thermal performance of the six masonry wall systems is analyzed. Most existing masonry systems are modifications of technologies presented in this paper. Finite difference two-dimensional and three-dimensional computer modeling and unique methods of the clear wall and overall thermal analysis were used. In the design of thermally efficient masonry wall systems is t to know how effectively the insulation material is used and how the insulation shape and its location affect the wall thermal performance. Due to the incorrect shape of the insulation or structural components, hidden thermal shorts cause additional heat losses. In this study, the thermal analysis of the clear wall was enriched with the examination of the thermal properties of the wall details and the study of a quantity defined herein the Thermal Efficiency of the insulation material.
Kosny, J.
Highly Energy Efficient Wall Systems Research Project | Department of
Highly Energy Efficient Wall Systems Highly Energy Efficient Wall Systems Research Project Highly Energy Efficient Wall Systems Research Project The Department of Energy is currently conducting research into highly energy efficient wall systems. Walls with high R-values are better insulators, and their development can help buildings come closer to having zero net energy consumption. Project Description This project seeks to develop a commercially viable wall system up to R-40 through integration of vacuum technology with the exterior insulated façade system (EIFS). Dow Corning will develop a wall system configuration of expanded polystyrene vacuum isolation panels that can be specified for R-values of 20, 30, and 40. This project also aims to develop a unitized protection system of vacuum isolation panels and to validate current code
ZIP: Zip-code Insulation Program (for microcomputers). Software
ZIP (the ZIP-code Insulation Program) is a computer program developed to support the DoE Insulation Fact Sheet by providing users with customized estimates of economic levels of residential insulation for any location in the United States, keyed to the first three digits of its ZIP Code. The ZIP program currently calculates economic levels of insulation for attic floors, exterior wood-frame and masonry walls, floors over unheated areas, slab floors, and basement and crawlspace walls. The economic analysis can be conducted for either new or existing houses. Climate parameters are contained in a file on the ZIP diskette and automatically retrieved when the program is run. Regional energy and insulation price data are also retrieved from the ZIP diskette, but these can be overridden to more closely correspond to local prices. ZIP can be run for a single ZIP Code and specified heating and cooling system. It can also be run in a batch mode for any number of consecutive ZIP Codes in order to provide a table of economic insulation levels for use at the state or national level. Software Description: The software is written in the Basic programming language for implementation on the COMPAQ Portable II or compatible machines using MS DOS operating system.
Petersen, S.R.
G.Comer Foundation
Comer Comer Foundation Please note: I work for Pennsylvania State University, And help UN IPCC, NRC, etc., But I am not representing them, Just me. Climate Change: Opportunities in the Greenhouse Richard B. Alley, Evan Pugh Professor of Geosciences and Associate of the Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, 2010 University Turbine Systems Research Workshop, Penn State Energy * You eat about 2400 Calories per day; * You use over 240,000 Calories per day; * Like having 100+ serfs to do your bidding; * Driving, heating, cooling, pumping, plowing, trucking, flying, cooking... * Almost all from oil, coal and natural gas (fossil fuels). http://www.explorepahistory.com/ (Pennsylvania State Education Association) Settlers cut almost all Pennsylvania trees, often
Electoral Competition, Political Uncertainty and Policy Insulation
Uncertainty and Policy Insulation Horn, Murray. 1995. TheUncertainty and Policy Insulation United States Congress.UNCERTAINTY AND POLICY INSULATION Rui J. P. de Figueiredo,
de Figueiredo, Rui J. P. Jr.
Oven wall panel construction
An oven roof or wall is formed from modular panels, each of which comprises an inner fabric and an outer fabric. Each such fabric is formed with an angle iron framework and somewhat resilient tie-bars or welded at their ends to flanges of the angle irons to maintain the inner and outer frameworks in spaced disposition while minimizing heat transfer by conduction and permitting some degree of relative movement on expansion and contraction of the module components. Suitable thermal insulation is provided within the module. Panels or skins are secured to the fabric frameworks and each such skin is secured to a framework and projects laterally so as slidingly to overlie the adjacent frame member of an adjacent panel in turn to permit relative movement during expansion and contraction.
Ellison, Kenneth (20 Avondale Cres., Markham, CA); Whike, Alan S. (R.R. #1, Caledon East, both of Ontario, CA)
Thermal insulated glazing unit
An improved insulated glazing unit is provided which can attain about R5 to about R10 thermal performance at the center of the glass while having dimensions about the same as those of a conventional double glazed insulated glazing unit. An outer glazing and inner glazing are sealed to a spacer to form a gas impermeable space. One or more rigid, non-structural glazings are attached to the inside of the spacer to divide the space between the inner and outer glazings to provide insulating gaps between glazings of from about 0.20 inches to about 0.40 inches. One or more glazing surfaces facing each thermal gap are coated with a low emissivity coating. Finally, the thermal gaps are filled with a low conductance gas such as krypton gas.
Selkowitz, Stephen E. (Piedmont, CA); Arasteh, Dariush K. (Oakland, CA); Hartmann, John L. (Seattle, WA)
An improved insulated glazing unit is provided which can attain about R5 to about R10 thermal performance at the center of the glass while having dimensions about the same as those of a conventional double glazed insulated glazing unit. An outer glazing and inner glazing are sealed to a spacer to form a gas impermeable space. One or more rigid, non-structural glazings are attached to the inside of the spacer to divide the space between the inner and outer glazings to provide insulating gaps between glazings of from about 0.20 inches to about 0.40 inches. One or more glazing surfaces facing each thermal gap are coated with a low emissivity coating. Finally, the thermal gaps are filled with a low conductance gas such as krypton gas. 2 figs.
Selkowitz, S.E.; Arasteh, D.K.; Hartmann, J.L.
Highly Insulating Window Technology
Window Technology Window Technology Temperature differentials across a window, particularly with cold exterior environments in residential buildings, can lead to significant energy losses. Currently available low-emissivity coatings, gas-fills, and insulating frames provide significant energy savings over typical single or double glazed products. The EWC website provides information on how double glazed low-e gas-filled windows work as well as information on commercially available superwindows (three layer, multiple low-e coatings, high performance gas-fills). The next generation of highly insulating window systems will benefit from incremental improvements being made to current components (i.e. more insulating spacers and frame materials/designs, low-e coatings with improved performance properties). LBNL uses its experimental facilities and software tools to collaborate with window and glass industry representatives to better understand the impacts of new components on overall product performance.
LANL Foundation conference draws teachers
LANL Foundation Conference Draws Teachers LANL Foundation Conference Draws Teachers Community Connections: Our link to Northern New Mexico Communities Latest Issue:Dec. 2013 - Jan. 2014 All Issues » submit LANL Foundation conference draws teachers The conference was made possible by a financial investment from LANS, LLC in the Foundation's Inquiry Science Education Consortium and from the Department of Energy. November 1, 2012 dummy image Read our archives Contacts Editor Linda Anderman Email Community Programs Office Kurt Steinhaus Email Close to 1,500 people, including teachers, principals, and others, attended the recent Los Alamos National Laboratory Foundation's 15th annual education conference. The speakers included Harry K. and Rosemary Wong on the subject of ""Effective Teaching."
... _____ 01/W01 CAN/CGSB-51.2-M88 Thermal Insulation, Calcium Silicate, for Piping, Machinery and Boilers _____ ...
NVLAP Thermal Insulation Materials LAP
... for thermal insulation materials. The final report for Round 31 was released in February 2010. Proficiency testing is on hold ...
Thermal Performance of Uninsulated and Partially Filled Wall Cavities
Wall cavities are widely present in the construction of low rise homes since wood framing is the most common type of construction for residential buildings in the United States. The primary function of such wall construction is to provide a stable frame to which interior and exterior wall coverings can be attached and by which a roof can be supported. The existence of wall cavities increases the thermal resistance of the enclosure, particularly when they are filled with insulating material. Several design guides provide data for prediction of the thermal resistance of uninsulated wall cavities of varying internal geometries. However, U-value coefficients provided in these guides do not account for partially insulated cavities or for variations in aspect ratio. Whole building energy simulation tools, like DOE2 or Energy Plus, use simplified, 1-D characterization of building envelopes. For the most part, this characterization assumes a fixed thermal resistance over the range of temperatures experienced by the enclosure. In reality, the thermal resistance is dominated by convection and radiation and is a function of several parameters, including the temperatures and emissivities of the cavity surfaces and the aspect ratio of the cavity. This study describes detailed CFD modeling to evaluate the thermal performance of uninsulated or partially filled wall cavities accounting for conduction through framing, convection, and radiation. The resulting correlations can serve as input for DOE2 and Energy Plus modeling of older homes, where the walls are either uninsulated or partially insulated due to the settling of the insulating material. Parameters of the study are the ambient temperature outdoors, emissivity of the cavity surfaces, cavity aspect ratio, and height of the insulation level. The outcomes of this study provide: An understanding of the thermal performance of uninsulated or partially insulated wall cavities, which is an essential aspect of energy conservation in residential buildings. Accurate input for whole building simulations models like DOE2 and Energy Plus in various climate zones. Recommendations on retrofit measures.
Ridouane, E.H.; Bianchi, M. V. A.
Owens Corning Acoustic & Insulation Product Testing ...
... Insulation. [01/T10] ASTM C687 Thermal Resistance of Loose-Fill Building Insulation. Acoustical Testing Services. Accreditation ...
Vertically aligned gas-insulated transmission line having particle traps at the inner conductor
Gas insulated electrical apparatus having first and second conductors separated by an insulating support within an insulating gas environment, and particle traps disposed along the surface of the high potential conductor for trapping and inactivating foreign particles which may be present within the insulating gas medium. Several embodiments of the invention were developed which are particularly suited for vertically aligned gas insulated transmission lines. The particle traps are grooves or cavities formed into the walls of the tubular inner conductor, without extending into the hollow portion of the conductor. In other embodiments, the traps are appendages or insert flanges extending from the inner conductor, with the insulator supports contacting the appendages instead of the inner conductor.
Dale, Steinar J. (Monroeville, PA)
Performance of Thermal Insulation Containing Microencapsulated Phase Change Material
The objective of this study is dynamic thermal performance microencapsulated phase change material (PCM) blended with loose-fill cellulose insulation. Dynamic hot-box testing and heat-flux measurements have been made for loose-fill cellulose insulation with and without uniformly distributed microencapsulated PCM. The heat flux measurements were made with a heat-flow-meter (HFM) apparatus built in accordance with ASTM C 518. Data were obtained for 1.6 lb{sub m}/ft{sup 3} cellulose insulation containing 0 to 40 wt% PCM. Heat-flux data resulting from a rapid increase in the temperature on one side of a test specimen initially at uniform temperature were analyzed to access the effect of PCM on total heat flow. The heat flux was affected by the PCM for about 100 minutes after the temperature increase. The total heat flow during this initial period decreased linearly with PCM content from 6.5 Btu/ft{sup 2} at 0% PCM to 0.89 Btu/ft{sup 2} for 40 wt% PCM. The cellulose insulation with PCM discharged heat faster than the untreated cellulose when the hot-side temperature of the test specimen was reduced. In addition, hot-box apparatus built in accordance with ASTM C 1363 was utilized for dynamic hot-box testing of a wood stud wall assembly containing PCM-enhanced cellulose insulation. Experimental data obtained for wood-frame wall cavities containing cellulose insulation with PCM was compared with results obtained from cavities containing only cellulose insulation.
Kosny, Jan [ORNL; Yarbrough, David [R & D Services; Syed, Azam M [ORNL
Deformation mechanisms beneath shallow foundations
. Where sufficient capacity is available near the ground surface, projects such as low-rise buildings (up to about five storeys in height), houses, tanks and even wind turbines might adopt a shallow foundation system. 1.2 Shallow Foundations Shallow... and drying procedure is followed. Figures 1.1(b) and 1.1(c) show a wind turbine shallow foundation during the concrete pour stage, and a completed rectangular footing with column reinforcement respectively. Two issues are considered in the design of shallow...
McMahon, Brendan
An Insulating Glass Knowledge Base
This report will discuss issues relevant to Insulating Glass (IG) durability performance by presenting the observations and developed conclusions in a logical sequential format. This concluding effort discusses Phase II activities and focuses on beginning to quantifying IG durability issues while continuing the approach presented in the Phase I activities (Appendix 1) which discuss a qualitative assessment of durability issues. Phase II developed a focus around two specific IG design classes previously presented in Phase I of this project. The typical box spacer and thermoplastic spacer design including their Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree diagrams were chosen to address two currently used IG design options with varying components and failure modes. The system failures occur due to failures of components or their interfaces. Efforts to begin quantifying the durability issues focused on the development and delivery of an included computer based IG durability simulation program. The focus/effort to deliver the foundation for a comprehensive IG durability simulation tool is necessary to address advancements needed to meet current and future building envelope energy performance goals. This need is based upon the current lack of IG field failure data and the lengthy field observation time necessary for this data collection. Ultimately, the simulation program is intended to be used by designers throughout the current and future industry supply chain. Its use is intended to advance IG durability as expectations grow around energy conservation and with the growth of embedded technologies as required to meet energy needs. In addition the tool has the immediate benefit of providing insight for research and improvement prioritization. Included in the simulation model presentation are elements and/or methods to address IG materials, design, process, quality, induced stress (environmental and other factors), validation, etc. In addition, acquired data is presented in support of project and model assumptions. Finally, current and suggested testing protocol and procedure for future model validation and IG physical testing are discussed.
Michael L. Doll; Gerald Hendrickson; Gerard Lagos; Russell Pylkki; Chris Christensen; Charlie Cureija
Porous insulation in HVAC systems
Porous insulation used to line the air stream surfaces of HVAC equipment provides a locus for the accumulation of dirt and debris. Dirt and debris are hydrophilic and the insulation on the air stream surfaces of mechanical cooling systems thus provides a niche for mold growth. The mold growing on porous insulation unlike moldy debris on a hard surface such as sheetmetal cannot be removed by duct cleaning. Actions for proactively preventing biocontamination of HVAC insulation include the following. (1) Porous insulation shall not be used to line the air stream surfaces of HVAC plenums where wetting is likely such as in the vicinity of cooling coils
Philip R. Morey
Highly Insulating Windows - Cost
Cost Cost The following is an estimate of the cost effective incremental cost of highly-insulating windows (U-factor=0.20 Btu/hr-ft2-F) compared to regular ENERGY STAR windows (U-factor 0.35 Btu/hr-ft2-F). Energy savings from lower U-factors were simulated with RESFEN over an assumed useful window life of 25 years. To determine the maximum incremental cost at which highly-insulating windows would still be cost-effective, we used a formula used by many utility companies to calculate the cost of saved energy from energy efficiency programs, based on the programs' cost and savings. We turned this formula around so that the cost of saved energy equals the present energy prices in the studied locations, whereas the program cost (the incremental cost of the windows) is the dependent variable. By entering 5%
Consider insulation reliability
This paper reports that when calcium silicate and two brands of mineral wool were compared in a series of laboratory tests, calcium silicate was more reliable. And in-service experience with mineral wool at a Canadian heavy crude refinery provided examples of many of the lab's findings. Lab tests, conducted under controlled conditions following industry accepted practices, showed calcium silicate insulation was stronger, tougher and more durable than the mineral wools to which it was compared. For instance, the calcium silicate insulation exhibited only some minor surface cracking when heated to 1,200[degrees]F (649[degrees]C), while the mineral wools suffered binder burnout resulting in sagging, delamination and a general loss of dimensional stability.
Gamboa (Manville Mechanical Insulations, a Div. of Schuller International Inc., Denver, CO (United States))
Gas filled panel insulation
A structural or flexible highly insulative panel which may be translucent, is formed from multi-layer polymeric material in the form of an envelope surrounding a baffle. The baffle is designed so as to minimize heat transfer across the panel, by using material which forms substantially closed spaces to suppress convection of the low conductivity gas fill. At least a portion of the baffle carries a low emissivity surface for suppression of infrared radiation. 18 figures.
Griffith, B.T.; Arasteh, D.K.; Selkowitz, S.E.
A structural or flexible highly insulative panel which may be translucent, is formed from multi-layer polymeric material in the form of an envelope surrounding a baffle. The baffle is designed so as to minimize heat transfer across the panel, by using material which forms substantially closed spaces to suppress convection of the low conductivity gas fill. At least a portion of the baffle carries a low emissivity surface for suppression of infrared radiation.
Griffith, Brent T. (Berkeley, CA); Arasteh, Dariush K. (Oakland, CA); Selkowitz, Stephen E. (Piedmont, CA)
Superconducting Topological Insulators
Superconducting Topological Insulators Print Superconducting Topological Insulators Print Three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs), discovered experimentally in 2007-2009 by a Princeton-ALS collaboration, are a promising platform for developing the next generation of electronics. Electrons within one nanometer of a TI's surface move at high speeds in a "light-like" fashion. The quantum interactions that generate these electronic states cause individual electrons to be spin polarized even at room temperature and to strongly resist scattering from defects, naturally achieving some of the most desirable traits for computing components and next-generation "spintronics" technologies. More recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies performed at ALS Beamlines 10.0.1 and 12.0.1 by the same collaboration have paved a way for these novel material properties to be taken even further. Their studies showed that by doping the TI, bismuth selenide, with copper, it's possible to make the topologically ordered electrons superconducting, dropping electrical resistance in the surface states all the way to zero.
Highly Insulating Windows - Fram
Frames Frames Research performed at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and LBNL has identified various highly insulating frame solutions. A report was released in 2007 describing some of these frames. This document reports the findings of a market and research review related to state-of-the-art highly insulating window frames. The market review focuses on window frames that satisfy the Passivhaus requirements (window U-value less or equal to 0.8 W/m2K ), while other examples are also given in order to show the variety of materials and solutions that may be used for constructing window frames with a low thermal transmittance (U-value). The market search shows that several combinations of materials are used in order to obtain window frames with a low U-value. The most common insulating material seems to be Polyurethane (PUR), which is used together with most of the common structural materials such as wood, aluminum, and PVC.
Improved DC Gun Insulator
Many user facilities such as synchrotron light sources and free electron lasers require accelerating structures that support electric fields of 10-100 MV/m, especially at the start of the accelerator chain where ceramic insulators are used for very high gradient DC guns. These insulators are difficult to manufacture, require long commissioning times, and have poor reliability, in part because energetic electrons bury themselves in the ceramic, creating a buildup of charge and causing eventual puncture. A novel ceramic manufacturing process is proposed. It will incorporate bulk resistivity in the region where it is needed to bleed off accumulated charge caused by highly energetic electrons. This process will be optimized to provide an appropriate gradient in bulk resistivity from the vacuum side to the air side of the HV standoff ceramic cylinder. A computer model will be used to determine the optimum cylinder dimensions and required resistivity gradient for an example RF gun application. A ceramic material example with resistivity gradient appropriate for use as a DC gun insulator will be fabricated by glazing using doping compounds and tested.
M.L. Neubauer, K.B. Beard, R. Sah, C. Hernandez-Garcia, G. Neil
Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Solar | Department...
Solar Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Solar Watch the DOE Office of Indian Energy foundational course webinar on solar renewable energy by clicking on the .swf link...
Tribal Renewable Energy Curriculum Foundational Course: Wind...
Wind Tribal Renewable Energy Curriculum Foundational Course: Wind Watch the DOE Office of Indian Energy foundational course webinar on wind renewable energy by clicking on the .swf...
Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Strategic Energy...
Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Strategic Energy Planning Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Strategic Energy Planning Watch the U.S. Department of Energy Office of...
Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Hydroelectric |...
Hydroelectric Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Hydroelectric Watch the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Indian Energy foundational course webinar on hydroelectric...
Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Electricity Grid...
Electricity Grid Basics Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Electricity Grid Basics Watch the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Indian Energy foundational course webinar...
Tribal Renewable Energy Curriculum Foundational Course: Biomass...
Biomass Tribal Renewable Energy Curriculum Foundational Course: Biomass Watch the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Indian Energy foundational course webinar on biomass renewable...
Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Geothermal | Department...
Other Agencies You are here Home Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Geothermal Tribal Renewable Energy Foundational Course: Geothermal Watch the U.S. Department of...
Federal Energy Management Program: National Science Foundation...
Foundation - Lake Hoare, Antarctica to someone by E-mail Share Federal Energy Management Program: National Science Foundation - Lake Hoare, Antarctica on Facebook Tweet...
Energy Efficient Panelized Wall System with Foam Core Insulation
The invention has a thermal resistance of more than R-20. It is impervious to termites and moisture, lightweight, and, although only four inches thick,
Exterior Wall Strategies with Exterior Insulating Sheathing- Cold Climate
This presentation was given at the Summer 2012 DOE Building America meeting on July 25, 2012, and addressed the question �How do we first do no harm with high-r enclosures??
En j�mf�relse mellan vakuumisolering och traditionell isolering; A comparison between vacuum insulation and traditional insulation.
?? The purpose of this thesis is to investigate if vacuum insulation panels are a competitive alternative to traditional insulation. Vacuum insulation has been used� (more)
Gustafsson, Johanna
An Exploration of Wall Retrofit Best Practices
A series of experiments were performed to examine wall retrofit options including replacing the cladding, adding insulation under the cladding, and multiple sealing methods that can be used when installing replacement windows in well-built or loosely-built rough openings. These experiments included thermal measurements in a hot box and air-leakage measurements. The retrofit claddings considered included wood-lap siding, vinyl siding, and vinyl siding with an integrated and formed foam insulation. Retrofit insulations included expanded and extruded polystyrene and foil-faced polyisocyanurate in various thicknesses. Air sealing methods for replacement windows included traditional caulking, exterior trim variations, loose-fill fiberglass, low-expansion foam, self-expanding foam inserts, and specialty tape. Results were applied to a model to estimate whole-house energy impacts for multiple climates.
Stovall, Therese K [ORNL; Petrie, Thomas [ORNL; Kosny, Jan [ORNL; Childs, Phillip W [ORNL; Atchley, Jerald Allen [ORNL; Hulvey, Kimberly D [ORNL
Qatar Foundation | Open Energy Information
Qatar Foundation Qatar Foundation Jump to: navigation, search Name Qatar Foundation Place Doha, Qatar Sector Solar Product Qatar-based foundation that is focused on education, scientific research and community development. The foundation is involved in research on climate change and clean energy and is part owner of project developer Qatar Solar Technologies. Coordinates 25.343065°, 51.493193° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":25.343065,"lon":51.493193,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Thermal insulations using vacuum panels
Thermal insulation vacuum panels are formed of an inner core of compressed low thermal conductivity powders enclosed by a ceramic/glass envelope evaluated to a low pressure.
Glicksman, Leon R. (Lynnfield, MA); Burke, Melissa S. (Pittsburgh, PA)
Increase Duct and Plenum Insulation
changes to the commercial provisions of the 2012 IECC: Increase Duct and Plenum Insulation R Hart Pacific Northwest National Laboratory December 2012 Proposal Description This...
Corrosion of Steel under Insulation
...H.S. Ahluwalia, Corrosion under Insulation, Corrosion: Environments and Industries, Vol 13C, ASM Handbook, ASM International, 2006, p 654�??658...
requires no moisture barrier and, when installed at proper densities, cannot settle in a building cavity. Cellulose insulation is used in both new and existing homes, as...
Key Elements of and Materials Performance Targets for Highly Insulating
Key Elements of and Materials Performance Targets for Highly Insulating Key Elements of and Materials Performance Targets for Highly Insulating Window Frames Title Key Elements of and Materials Performance Targets for Highly Insulating Window Frames Publication Type Journal Article LBNL Report Number LBNL-5099E Year of Publication 2011 Authors Gustavsen, Arlid, Steinar Grynning, Dariush K. Arasteh, Bjørn Petter Jelle, and Howdy Goudey Journal Energy and Buildings Volume 43 Issue 10 Pagination 2583-2594 Date Published 10/2011 Keywords Fenestration, heat transfer modeling, thermal performance, thermal transmittance, u-factor, window frames Abstract The thermal performance of windows is important for energy efficient buildings. Windows typically account for about 30-50 percent of the transmission losses though the building envelope, even if their area fraction of the envelope is far less. The reason for this can be found by comparing the thermal transmittance (U-factor) of windows to the U-factor of their opaque counterparts (wall, roof and floor constructions). In well insulated buildings the U-factor of walls, roofs an floors can be between 0.1-0.2 W/(m2K). The best windows have U-values of about 0.7-1.0. It is therefore obvious that the U-factor of windows needs to be reduced, even though looking at the whole energy balance for windows (i.e. solar gains minus transmission losses) makes the picture more complex.
Cladding Attachment Over Thick Exterior Insulating Sheathing (Fact Sheet)
The addition of insulation to the exterior of buildings is an effective means of increasing the thermal resistance of wood-framed walls and mass masonry wall assemblies. The location of the insulation on the exterior of the structure has many direct benefits, including better effective R-value from reduced thermal bridging, better condensation resistance, reduced thermal stress on the structure, as well as other commonly associated improvements such as increased airtightness and improved water management. For thick layers of exterior insulation (more than 1.5 in.), the use of wood furring strips attached through the insulation back to the structure has been used by many contractors and designers as a means to provide a convenient cladding attachment location. Although the approach has proven effective, there is significant resistance to its widespread implementation due to a lack of research and understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of the vertical displacement resistance capacity. In addition, the long-term in-service performance of the system has been questioned due to potential creep effects of the assembly under the sustained dead load of the cladding and effects of varying environmental conditions. In addition, the current International Building Code (IBC) and International Residential Code (IRC) do not have a provision that specifically allows this assembly.
Energy, cost, and CO 2 emission comparison between radiant wall panel systems and radiator systems
The main goal of this paper is to evaluate the possibility of application or replacement of radiators with low-temperature radiant panels. This paper shows the comparison results of operations of 4 space heating systems: the low-temperature radiant panel system without any additional thermal insulation of external walls (PH-WOI), the low-temperature radiant panel system with additional thermal insulation of external walls (PH-WI), the radiator system without any additional thermal insulation of external walls (the classical heating system) (RH-WOI), and the radiator system with additional thermal insulation of external walls (RH-WI). The operation of each system is simulated by software EnergyPlus. The investigation shows that the PH-WI gives the best results. The RH-WOI has the largest energy consumption, and the largest pollutant emission. However, the PH-WI requires the highest investment.
Milorad Boji?; Dragan Cvetkovi?; Marko Mileti?; Jovan Male�evi?; Harry Boyer
Foundation Capital.txt - Notepad
Foundation Capital.txt Foundation Capital.txt From: Michael Bauer [firstname.lastname@example.com] Sent: Thursday, April 16, 2009 11:20 AM To: GC-62 Subject: Fed Register comments Dear Sir or Lady, Per Wendolyn Holland's request, here are my comments: (i) What improvements to the existing transactions (e.g. CRADAs, WFOs, User Agreements, etc.) would you suggest that DOE consider? Most obvious problem is cost of resources at national labs, which is much higher than at universities and other institutions due to imputed overhead. These costs should be reviewed to find whether they're a) really reflective of real costs at the labs, b)whether they truly reflect unique capabilities that justify the higher cost vs. comparable institutions. It's telling that many of the labs themselves tend to outsource certain research
This chapter describes the methodology used in EPA�s Waste Reduction Model (WARM) to estimate streamlined life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factors for fiberglass insulation beginning at the waste generation reference point. 1 The WARM GHG emission factors are used to compare the net emissions associated with fiberglass insulation in the following two waste management alternatives: source reduction and landfilling.
unknown authors
Vacuum insulators composed of alternating layers of metal and dielectric, known as high-gradient insulators (HGIs), have been shown to withstand higher electric fields than conventional insulators. Primary or secondary electrons (emitted from the insulator surface) can be deflected by magnetic fields from external sources, the high-current electron beam, the conduction current in the transmission line, or the displacement current in the insulator. These electrons are deflected either toward or away from the insulator surface and this affects the performance of the vacuum insulator. This paper shows the effects of displacement current from short voltage pulses on the performance of high gradient insulators. Generally, vacuum insulator failure is due to surface flashover, initiated by electrons emitted from a triple junction. These electrons strike the insulator surface thus producing secondary electrons, and can lead to a subsequent electron cascade along the surface. The displacement current in the insulator can deflect electrons either toward or away from the insulator surface, and affects the performance of the vacuum insulator when the insulator is subjected to a fast high-voltage pulse. Vacuum insulators composed of alternating layers of metal and dielectric, known as high-gradient insulators (HGIs), have been shown to withstand higher electric fields than conventional insulators. HGIs, being tolerant of the direct view of high-current electron and ion beams, and having desirable RF properties for accelerators, are a key enabling technology for the dielectric-wall accelerators (DWA) being developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Characteristically, insulator surface breakdown thresholds go up as the applied voltage pulse width decreases. To attain the highest accelerating gradient in the DWA, short accelerating voltage pulses are only applied locally, along the HGI accelerator tube, in sync with the charged particle bunch, and the effects of displacement current on trajectories of electrons emitted from HGI surface are particularly interesting. This paper presents simulated electron trajectories experiencing either constant or short-duration applied voltage pulses. Comparisons of these trajectories clearly indicate the importance of the voltage pulse shape, especially the rise time, in the flashover initiation process for HGIs.
Chen, Y; Blackfield, D; Nelson, S D; Poole, B
Improved compact insulation panel is provided which is comprised of two adjacent metal sheets spaced close together with a plurality of spherical, or other discretely shaped, glass or ceramic beads optimally positioned between the sheets to provide support and maintain the spacing between the metal sheets when the gases therebetween are evacuated to form a vacuum. These spherical glass beads provide the maximum support while minimizing thermal conductance. In its preferred embodiment; these two metal sheets are textured with ribs or concave protrusions in conjunction with the glass beads to maximize the structural integrity of the panels while increasing the spacing between beads, thereby reducing the number of beads and the number of thermal conduction paths. Glass or porcelain-enameled liners in combination with the glass spacers and metal sidewalls effectively decrease thermal conductivity, and variious laminates, including wood, porcelain-enameled metal, and others effectively increase the strength and insulation capabilities of the panels. Also, a metal web is provided to hold the spacers in place, and strategic grooves are shown to accommodate expansion and contraction or shaping of the panels.
Improved compact insulation panel is provided which is comprised of two adjacent metal sheets spaced close together with a plurality of spherical, or other discretely shaped, glass or ceramic beads optimally positioned between the sheets to provide support and maintain the spacing between the metal sheets when the gases there between are evacuated to form a vacuum. These spherical glass beads provide the maximum support while minimizing thermal conductance. In its preferred embodiment; these two metal sheets are textured with ribs or concave protrusions in conjunction with the glass beads to maximize the structural integrity of the panels while increasing the spacing between beads, thereby reducing the number of beads and the number of thermal conduction paths. Glass or porcelain-enameled liners in combination with the glass spacers and metal sidewalls effectively decrease thermal conductivity, and various laminates, including wood, porcelain-enameled metal, and others effectively increase the strength and insulation capabilities of the panels. Also, a metal web is provided to hold the spacers in place, and strategic grooves are shown to accommodate expansion and contraction or shaping of the panels. 35 figs.
Electrical wire insulation and electromagnetic coil
An electromagnetic coil for high temperature and high radiation application in which glass is used to insulate the electrical wire. A process for applying the insulation to the wire is disclosed which results in improved insulation properties.
Bich, George J. (Penn Hills, PA); Gupta, Tapan K. (Monroeville, PA)
BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE Building America Case Study Technology Solutions for New and Existing Homes Moisture Durability of Vapor Permeable Insulating Sheathing PROJECT INFORMATION Construction: Existing homes with vapor open wall assemblies Type: Residential Climate Zones: All PERFORMANCE DATA Insulation Ratio The R-value ratio of exterior to interior insulation (e.g., R-15 exterior insulation on R-11 cavity insulation has a ratio of 0.58). This variable controls sheathing temperature. Vapor Permeable Insulation An insulation with vapor permeance greater than five U.S. perms (e.g., rigid mineral fiber insulations). This variable controls water vapor flow and sheathing temperatures. Water Resisting Barrier A membrane that resists liquid water transfer. Permeable WRBs allow water
Highly Insulating Windows - Publ
Highly Insulating Windows - Publications Future Advanced Windows for Zero-Energy Homes, J. Apte, D. Arasteh, J. Huang, 2003 ASHRAE Annual Meeting, 2002 Nine representative window products are examined in eight representative U.S. climates. Annual energy and peak demand impacts are investigated. We conclude that a new generation of window products is necessary for zero-energy homes if windows are not to be an energy drain on these homes. Performance Criteria for Residential Zero Energy Windows, D. Arasteh, H. Goudey, J. Huang, C. Kohler, R. Mitchell, 2006, submitted to ASHRAE Through the use of whole house energy modeling, typical efficient products are evaluated in five US climates and compared against the requirements for ZEHs. Products which meet these needs are defined as a function of climate.
The manufacture of electrode insulators that are mechanically strong, shock-proof, vacuum tight, and are capable of withstanding gas pressures of many atmospheres under intense neutron bombardment, such as may be needed in an ionization chamber, is described. The ansulator comprises a bolt within a quartz tube, surrounded by a bushing held in place by two quartz rings, and tightened to a pressure of 1,000 pounds per square inch by a nut and washer. Quartz is the superior material to meet these conditions, however, to withstand this pressure the quartz must be fire polished, lapped to form smooth and parallel surfaces, and again fire polished to form an extremely smooth and fracture resistant mating surface.
Carmichael, H.
Insulating window system
An insulating window system is described for use with existing structural windows which consists of: a window track, the track secured to and outlining the structural windows and includes a jaw means, the jaw means includes a pair of spaced jaws, the jaws extending outward from the track and being concaved towards each other forming a semi-oval channel; a glazing frame means having a base member and a pane holder, the base member having two outwardly extending spaced arms, the arms being concaved towards each other forming a semi-oval channel and engaging the jaws when passed there against, for locking the window track and glazing frame means together; the pane holder extending from the glazing frame means and includes an end section and a face section, the face section overlaying the base member with the end section extending therebetween, all forming a glazing channel for securing a glazing pane.
Miller, W.
Boron nitride insulating material
High temperature BN-insulated heaters for use as fuel pin simulators in reactor thermal hydraulic test facility studies comprise a cylindrical housing and a concentric heating element disposed within the housing and spaced apart from the housing to define an annular region therebetween. The annular region contains BN for providing electrical resistance and thermal conductivity between the housing and the heating element. The fabrication method of this invention comprises the steps of cold pressing BN powder at a pressure of 20 to 80,000 psig and a dwell time of at least 0.1-3 seconds to provide hollow cylindrical preforms of suitable dimensions for insertion into the annular region, the BN powder having a tap density of about 0.6-1.1 g/cm.sup.3 and an orientation ratio of at least about 100/3.5. The preforms are inserted into the annular region and crushed in place.
Morgan, Jr., Chester S. (Oak Ridge, TN); Cavin, O. Burl (Knoxville, TN); McCulloch, Reginald W. (Concord, TN); Clark, David L. (Clearwater, FL)
Multiple layer insulation cover
A multiple layer insulation cover for preventing heat loss in, for example, a greenhouse, is disclosed. The cover is comprised of spaced layers of thin foil covered fabric separated from each other by air spaces. The spacing is accomplished by the inflation of spaced air bladders which are integrally formed in the cover and to which the layers of the cover are secured. The bladders are inflated after the cover has been deployed in its intended use to separate the layers of the foil material. The sizes of the material layers are selected to compensate for sagging across the width of the cover so that the desired spacing is uniformly maintained when the cover has been deployed. The bladders are deflated as the cover is stored thereby expediting the storage process and reducing the amount of storage space required.
Farrell, James J. (Livingston Manor, NY); Donohoe, Anthony J. (Ovid, NY)
Project: Measurement Techniques for Advanced Insulation
... is through the use of thermal insulation [1] . Insulation in the building envelope and thermal devices, such as furnaces, boilers, refrigerators, and air ...
Superconductivity and Ferromagnetism in Topological Insulators.
??Topological insulators, a new state of matter discovered recently, have attracted great interest due to their novel properties. They are insulating inside the bulk, but� (more)
Zhang, Duming
Solar Decathlon Technology Spotlight: Structural Insulated Panels...
20, 2011 - 7:13am Addthis These structural insulated panels consist of foam insulation sandwiched between oriented strand boards. (Courtesy of Michael Bacchler) These...
Basement Insulation Techniques | Building Energy Codes Program
Basement Insulation Techniques Residential basement insulation levels should be selected in accordance with the International Energy Conservation Code, or the local energy code. Be...
Aerogel Impregnated Polyurethane Piping and Duct Insulation ...
Polyurethane Piping and Duct Insulation Aerogel Impregnated Polyurethane Piping and Duct Insulation Emerging Technologies Project for the 2013 Building Technologies Office's...
Solar Decathlon Technology Spotlight: Structural Insulated Panels |
Decathlon Technology Spotlight: Structural Insulated Panels Decathlon Technology Spotlight: Structural Insulated Panels Solar Decathlon Technology Spotlight: Structural Insulated Panels September 20, 2011 - 7:13am Addthis These structural insulated panels consist of foam insulation sandwiched between oriented strand boards. (Courtesy of Michael Bacchler) These structural insulated panels consist of foam insulation sandwiched between oriented strand boards. (Courtesy of Michael Bacchler) Alexis Powers EDITOR'S NOTE: Originally posted on the Solar Decathlon News Blog on September 19, 2011. Editor's Note: This post is one of a series of technology spotlights that introduces common technologies used in U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon team houses. Structural insulated panels (SIPs) are prefabricated structural elements
Prospects for highly insulating window systems
Windows and other fenestration systems are often considered the weakest links in energy-efficient residences. This opinion is reinforced by building standards, audit guidelines, and standard window performance evaluation techniques geared toward sizing building HVAC equipment. In this paper we show that it should be possible to design highly insulating windows (U < 0.12 Btu/hr-ft/sup 2/-F) with high solar transmittances (SC > 0.6). If we then view annual window performance from the basic perspective of control of energy flows, we conclude that it should thus be possible to develop a new generation of ''super window'' that will outperform the best insulated wall or roof for any orientation even in a northern climate. We review several technical approaches that suggest how such a window system might be designed and built. These include multiglazed windows having one or more low-emittance coatings and gas-filled or evacuated cavities. Another approach uses a layer of transparent silica aerogel, a microporus material having a conductivity in air of about R7 per inch. We conclude by presenting data on annual energy performance in a cold climate for a range of ''super windows''. 8 refs., 6 figs.
Arasteh, D.; Selkowitz, S.
This invention relates to a portable radiation monitor containing two concentric ionization chambers which permit the use of standard charging and reading devices. It is particularly adapted as a personnel x-ray dosimeter and to this end comprises a small thin walled, cylindrical conductor forming an inner energy dependent chamber, a small thin walled, cylindrical conductor forming an outer energy independent chamber, and polymeric insulation means which insulates said chambers from each other and holds the chambers together with exposed connections in a simple, trouble-free, and compact assembly substantially without variation in directional response. (AEC)
Braestrup, C.B.; Mooney, R.T.
Simple empirical method for estimating the performance of a passive solar heated building of the thermal storage wall type
Two methods are presented for estimating the annual solar heating performance of a building utilizing a passive thermal storage wall of the Trombe wall or water wall type with or without night insulation and with or without a reflector. The method is accurate to +-3% as compared with hour-by-hour computer simulations.
Balcomb, J.D.; McFarland, R.D.
Black Mountain Insulation | Open Energy Information
Insulation Insulation Jump to: navigation, search Name Black Mountain Insulation Place United Kingdom Sector Carbon Product UK-based manufacturer of sheeps wool insulation which has a low carbon footprint than traditional glassfiber insulation. Website http://www.blackmountaininsula References Black Mountain Insulation Website[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Black Mountain Insulation is a company located in United Kingdom. It was formerly known as Ochre Natural Insulation Company. [2] References ↑ "Black Mountain Insulation Website" ↑ http://www.companiesintheuk.co.uk/ltd/black-mountain-insulation Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Black_Mountain_Insulation&oldid=391648
Exterior Insulation and Overclad Retrofits
Exterior Insulation & Overclad Exterior Insulation & Overclad Retrofits Residential Energy Efficiency Stakeholder Meeting March 2, 2012 - Austin, TX Residential Energy Efficiency Stakeholder Meeting March 2, 2012 | Austin, TX 2 Incredible practical experience: New construction - nearly a century Retrofit applications - many decades Exterior Insulation Residential Energy Efficiency Stakeholder Meeting March 2, 2012 | Austin, TX 3 1980s ON - a "weird" builder Residential Energy Efficiency Stakeholder Meeting March 2, 2012 | Austin, TX 4 1990s ON - a "good" builder Residential Energy Efficiency Stakeholder Meeting March 2, 2012 | Austin, TX 5 2000s ON - a "typical" builder Residential Energy Efficiency Stakeholder Meeting March 2, 2012 | Austin, TX 6
Cognitive Foundations for Visual Analytics
In this report, we provide an overview of scientific/technical literature on information visualization and VA. Topics discussed include an update and overview of the extensive literature search conducted for this study, the nature and purpose of the field, major research thrusts, and scientific foundations. We review methodologies for evaluating and measuring the impact of VA technologies as well as taxonomies that have been proposed for various purposes to support the VA community. A cognitive science perspective underlies each of these discussions.
Greitzer, Frank L.; Noonan, Christine F.; Franklin, Lyndsey
Building Momentum UC San Diego Foundation
investment vehicle for the Foundation's endowed contributions. The Short-Term Invest- ment Pool (STIP), which. The Foundation's investment in the university's STIP and HIP is considered to be an investment in an external
Russell, Lynn
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Foundation parameter study
The dynamic failure criterion governing the dimensions of prototype Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Foundations is treated as a variable parameter. The resulting change in foundation dimensions and costs is examined.
Lodde, P.F.
on the building plans with diagrams and/or specific design drawings indicating the R-value of insulationSTATE OF CALIFORNIA INSULATION STAGE CHECKLIST CEC-CF-6R-ENV-22 (Revised 05/12) CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION INSTALLATION CERTIFICATE CF-6R-ENV-22 Quality Insulation Installation (QII) - Insulation Stage
Field Guide: Visual Inspection of Polymer Insulators
The Field Guide: Visual Inspection of Polymer Insulators visually catalogs the various condition issues that commonly affect transmission line polymer insulators (also known as composite or non-ceramic insulators (NCIs)). The guide is conveniently organized according to the portion of the polymer insulator affected, and includes a section on failure modes, indicating the key features and root ...
Measure Guideline: Basement Insulation Basics
This guideline is intended to describe good practices for insulating basements in new and existing homes, and is intended to be a practical resources for building contractors, designers, and also to homeowners.
Aldrich, R.; Mantha, P.; Puttagunta, S.
Thermal insulation of window glass
The thermal insulation of window glass can be increased by a factor of two using spray-on semiconductive SnO/sub 2/: Sb or IN/sub 2/O/sub 3/: Sn coatings. (auth)
Sievers, A.J.
Correlation effects on topological insulator
The strong correlation effects on topological insulator are studied in a two-sublattice system with an onsite single-particle energy difference $\\Delta$ between two sublattices. At $\\Delta=0$, increasing the onsite interaction strength $U$ drives the transition from the quantum spin Hall insulating state to the non-topological antiferromagnetic Mott-insulating (AFMI) state. When $\\Delta$ is larger than a certain value, a topologically trivial band insulator or AFMI at small values of $U$ may change into a quantum anomalous Hall state with antiferromagnetic ordering at intermediate values of $U$. Further increasing $U$ drives the system back into the topologically trivial state of AFMI. The corresponding phenomena is observable in the solid state and cold atom systems. We also propose a scheme to realize and detect these effects in cold atom systems.
Xiong-Jun Liu; Yang Liu; Xin Liu
Variable pressure thermal insulating jacket
A device for controlled insulation of a thermal device. The device includes a thermal jacket with a closed volume able to be evacuated to form an insulating jacket around the thermal source. A getter material is in communcation with the closed volume of the thermal jacket. The getter material can absorb and desorb a control gas to control gas pressure in the volume of the thermal jacket to control thermal conductivity in the thermal jacket.
Nelson, Paul A. (Wheaton, IL); Malecha, Richard F. (Naperville, IL); Chilenskas, Albert A. (Chicago, IL)
A device for controlled insulation of a thermal device is disclosed. The device includes a thermal jacket with a closed volume able to be evacuated to form an insulating jacket around the thermal source. A getter material is in communication with the closed volume of the thermal jacket. The getter material can absorb and desorb a control gas to control gas pressure in the volume of the thermal jacket to control thermal conductivity in the thermal jacket. 10 figs.
Nelson, P.A.; Malecha, R.F.; Chilenskas, A.A.
Contaminated Outdoor High Voltage Insulators
The external insulation of power lines and outdoor substations is a weak point in transmission systems. The insulation is particularly susceptible to failure if proper attention has not been given to its design, condition monitoring, and maintenance. In regions with high contamination levels, regular maintenance and the application of palliative measures can be critical to ensure that the system meets its outage performance targets. This can involve pure maintenance measures such as cleaning the insulato...
Fully synthetic taped insulation cables
A high voltage oil-impregnated electrical cable with fully polymer taped insulation operable to 765 kV. Biaxially oriented, specially processed, polyethylene, polybutene or polypropylene tape with an embossed pattern is wound in multiple layers over a conductive core with a permeable screen around the insulation. Conventional oil which closely matches the dielectric constant of the tape is used, and the cable can be impregnated after field installation because of its excellent impregnation characteristics.
Forsyth, Eric B. (Brookhaven, NY); Muller, Albert C. (Center Moriches, NY)
Insulating LNG (liquified natural gas) storage tank containment dikes with a lightweight polymer concrete
The natural gas industry has always been concerned ith accidental spills of liquified natural gas (LNG) from storage tanks into surrounding containment dikes. The LNG that is leaked to the dike area boils off and the vapors mix with the atmosphere forming a hazardous explsoive mixture within the dike walls. These hazardous mixtures can travel long distances into industrial or residential areas surroungind LNG storage facilities. Studies by the natural gas industry indicate that the hazards associated with accidental spills of LNG from storage tanks can be makedly reduced by insulating the diked areas surrounding these tanks. In this manner, the heat transfer from the dike surface to the LNG is reduced. The insulating composite is used to construct a thermal barrier between the walls and floor of the dike an the spilled LNG. The thermal conductivity, porosity, and compression strength of a concrete, polymer composite insulating material is discussed. 6 refs., 8 figs., 5 tbs.
Fontana, J.J.
Nuclear reactor having a polyhedral primary shield and removable vessel insulation
A nuclear reactor is provided having a generally cylindrical reactor vessel disposed within an opening in a primary shield. The opening in the primary shield is defined by a plurality of generally planar side walls forming a generally polyhedral-shaped opening. The reactor vessel is supported within the opening in the primary shield by reactor vessel supports which are in communication and aligned with central portions of some of the side walls. The reactor vessel is connected to the central portions of the reactor vessel supports. A thermal insulation polyhedron formed from a plurality of slidably insertable and removable generally planar insulation panels substantially surrounds at least a portion of the reactor vessel and is disposed between the reactor vessel and the side walls of the primary shield. The shape of the insulation polyhedron generally corresponds to the shape of the opening in the primary shield. Reactor monitoring instrumentation may be mounted in the corners of the opening in the primary shield between the side walls and the reactor vessel such that insulation is not disposed between the instrumentation and the reactor vessel. 5 figures.
Ekeroth, D.E.; Orr, R.
A nuclear reactor is provided having a generally cylindrical reactor vessel disposed within an opening in a primary shield. The opening in the primary shield is defined by a plurality of generally planar side walls forming a generally polyhedral-shaped opening. The reactor vessel is supported within the opening in the primary shield by reactor vessel supports which are in communication and aligned with central portions of some of the side walls. The reactor vessel is connected to the central portions of the reactor vessel supports. A thermal insulation polyhedron formed from a plurality of slidably insertable and removable generally planar insulation panels substantially surrounds at least a portion of the reactor vessel and is disposed between the reactor vessel and the side walls of the primary shield. The shape of the insulation polyhedron generally corresponds to the shape of the opening in the primary shield. Reactor monitoring instrumentation may be mounted in the corners of the opening in the primary shield between the side walls and the reactor vessel such that insulation is not disposed between the instrumentation and the reactor vessel.
Ekeroth, Douglas E. (Delmont, PA); Orr, Richard (Pittsburgh, PA)
Thermal insulation as a source of air pollution
Complaints about odors in buildings may be caused by penetration of moisture into mineral wool used as thermal insulation in the cavity wall or under the roof. The complaints may occur particularly during hot weather. In laboratory experiments, moist mineral wool produced the same unpleasant odor at 50{degree}C. In air samples over the moist wool, higher aliphatic aldehydes, ketones and aromatic aldehydes were detected. In air samples collected in rooms of buildings where complaints about odor had been made, higher aliphatic aldehydes (n-hexanal-n-decanal) were detected with concentrations between 1 and 50 {mu}g{center dot}m{sup {minus}3} for each of these aldehydes. Thus, the penetration of moisture into mineral wool used for thermal insulation should be avoided.
van der Wal, J.F.; Moons, A.M.M.; Steenlage, R. (TNO Division of Technology for Society, Delft (Netherlands))
Enhancement of accelerating field of microwave cavities by magnetic insulation
Limitations on the maximum achievable accelerating gradient of microwave cavities can strongly influence the performance, length, and cost of particle accelerators. Gradient limitations are widely believed to be initiated by electron emission from the cavity surfaces. Here, we show that the deleterious effects of field emission are effectively suppressed by applying a tangential magnetic field to the cavity walls. With the aid of numerical simulations we compute the field strength required to insulate an 805 MHz cavity and estimate the cavity's tolerances to typical experimental errors such as magnet misalignments and positioning errors. Then, we review an experimental program, currently under progress, to further study the concept. Finally, we report on two specific examples that illustrate the feasibility of magnetic insulation into prospective particle accelerator applications.
Stratakis, D.; Gallardo, J.; Palmer, R.B.
Condition Assessment Survey (CAS) Program. Deficiency standards and inspections methods manual: Volume 1, 0.01 Foundations and footings
General information is presented for asset determinant factor/CAS repair codes/CAS cost factors; guide sheet tool & material listing; testing methods; inspection frequency; standard system design life tables; system work breakdown structure; and general system/material data. Deficiency standards and inspection methods are given for footings - spread/strip/grade beams; foundation walls; foundation dampproofing/waterproofing; excavation/backfill/ and piles & caissons.
Typical Clothing Ensemble Insulation Levels for Sixteen Body Parts
Thermal Comfort.1994 CLO Insulation Levels For Sixteen Bodya mesh arm chair whose insulation level was measured. FigureExperimental Conditions. CLO Insulation Levels For Sixteen
Lee, Juyoun; Zhang, Hui; Arens, Edward
is WIUUTEO GROUND PLANE INSULATION FAILURE IN THE FIRST TPCOn August 27, 1980, an insulation failure occurred dt-ringby a failure uf ground plane insulation. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The
Green, M.A.
Cavity and Continuous Insulation in REScheck | Building Energy...
Cavity and Continuous Insulation in REScheck Insulation should be installed to fill the entire cavity. REScheck(tm) uses nominal insulation R-values. The assemblies listed in...
Feasibility of SF6 Gas-Insulated Transformers
Gas-insulated transformers (GIT) Gas-insulated transformer benefits Gas-insulated transformer concerns Risks and Unknowns Questions? BUILDING STRONG PORTLAND...
Insulation and Air Sealing Products and Services | Department...
applications of structural insulated panels Types of Fiberglass and Rock and Slag Wool Building Insulation Products North American Insulation Manufacturers Association...
Saving Energy and Money with Aerogel Insulation | Department...
Saving Energy and Money with Aerogel Insulation Saving Energy and Money with Aerogel Insulation June 7, 2012 - 11:45am Addthis Aspen Aerogel's innovative insulation material works...
Effect of design parameter changes on the performance of thermal storage wall passive systems
Hour-by-hour computer simulations based on one year of solar radiation and temperature data are used to analyze annual energy savings in thermal storage wall passive designs, both Trombe wall and water wall cases. The calculations are rerun many times changing various parameters one at a time to assess the effect on performance. Parameters analyzed are: night insulation R-value, number of glazings, wall absorptance and emittance, thermal storage capacity, Trombe wall properties and vent area size, additional building mass, and temperature control set points. Calculations are done for eight cities.
McFarland, R.D.; Balcomb, J.D.
Process for making ceramic insulation
A method is provided for producing insulation materials and insulation for high temperature applications using novel castable and powder-based ceramics. The ceramic components produced using the proposed process offers (i) a fine porosity (from nano-to micro scale); (ii) a superior strength-to-weight ratio; and (iii) flexibility in designing multilayered features offering multifunctionality which will increase the service lifetime of insulation and refractory components used in the solid oxide fuel cell, direct carbon fuel cell, furnace, metal melting, glass, chemical, paper/pulp, automobile, industrial heating, coal, and power generation industries. Further, the ceramic components made using this method may have net-shape and/or net-size advantages with minimum post machining requirements.
Akash, Akash (Salt Lake City, UT); Balakrishnan, G. Nair (Sandy, UT)
Thermal shock resistance ceramic insulator
Thermal shock resistant cermet insulators containing 0.1-20 volume % metal present as a dispersed phase. The insulators are prepared by a process comprising the steps of (a) providing a first solid phase mixture of a ceramic powder and a metal precursor; (b) heating the first solid phase mixture above the minimum decomposition temperature of the metal precursor for no longer than 30 minutes and to a temperature sufficiently above the decomposition temperature to cause the selective decomposition of the metal precursor to the metal to provide a second solid phase mixture comprising particles of ceramic having discrete metal particles adhering to their surfaces, said metal particles having a mean diameter no more than 1/2 the mean diameter of the ceramic particles, and (c) densifying the second solid phase mixture to provide a cermet insulator having 0.1-20 volume % metal present as a dispersed phase.
Morgan, Chester S. (Oak Ridge, TN); Johnson, William R. (Maynardville, TN)
Foundation and Computing Research Center.
w w w w. s a n d i a . g o v The idea drove a wave of technology that transformed society so that today, people carry cell phones that are little supercomputers. But the Moore's Law era - which lasted far longer than Moore himself expected - is coming to an end. The speed of laptops and desktops has plateaued while the power required to run systems is rising sharply. And industry can't continue cramming more transistors onto chips indefinitely. Major change is about a decade away, says Rob Leland, director of Sandia National Laboratories' Computing and information Sciences (CiS) Research Foundation and Computing Research Center. "We need a new type of computing device, new materials, new designs, and it's not at all clear what that should be," Leland says. "it has to be something
Dirac fermion wave guide networks on topological insulator surfaces
Magnetic texturing on the surface of a topological insulator allows the design of wave guide networks and beam splitters for domain-wall Dirac fermions. Guided by simple analytic arguments we model a Dirac fermion interferometer consisting of two parallel pathways, whereby a newly developed staggered-grid leap-frog discretization scheme in 2+1 dimensions with absorbing boundary conditions is employed. The net transmission can be tuned between constructive to destructive interference, either by variation of the magnetization (path length) or an applied bias (wave length). Based on this principle, a Dirac fermion transistor is proposed. Extensions to more general networks are discussed.
Ren� Hammer; Christian Ertler; Walter P�tz
Electrically detected interferometry of Majorana fermions in a topological insulator
We show how a chiral Dirac fermion (a massless electron or hole) can be converted into a pair of neutral chiral Majorana fermions (a particle equal to its own antiparticle). These two types of fermions exist on the metallic surface of a topological insulator, respectively, at a magnetic domain wall and at a magnet-superconductor interface. Interferometry of Majorana fermions is a key operation in topological quantum computation, but the detection is problematic since these particles have no charge. The Dirac-Majorana converter enables electrical detection of the interferometric signal.
A. R. Akhmerov; Johan Nilsson; C. W. J. Beenakker
Beam buckling on random elastic foundations.
??This thesis explores the impact of the seafloor on the buckling load of an undersea pipeline via beam on elastic foundation buckling theory. Undersea pipelines� (more)
Bee, Geoffrey
Sandia National Laboratories: Research: Research Foundations...
Starodub and Kevin McCarty around the Low Energy Electron Microscope used to study graphene growth. Sandia's Materials Science Research Foundation works to understand materials...
Foundation and Moisture Control Research Project | Department...
Project The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is currently conducting research into building foundation and moisture control technologies. Moisture is a significant market...
Linn County Rural Electric Cooperative - Commercial Energy Efficiency...
dryer installed Energy Star Television: 50 Attic Insulation: 60% of cost, up to 600 Wall Insulation: 60% of cost, up to 600 Foundation Insulation: 60% of cost, up to 600...
Insulation board and process of making
Insulation board capable of bearing a load without significant loss of insulating capacity due to compression, produced by a method wherein the board is made in compliance with specified conditions of time, temperature and pressure.
Insulation Types of Insulation May 30, 2012 - 11:43am Addthis In existing homes, cellulose (here) or other loose-fill materials can be installed in building cavities through holes...
Insulator Reference Book: Edition 1 Draft
High voltage insulators are a crucial part of ensuring that the electricity generated can be safely transmitted across the country to its destination, high voltage substations where the voltage is reduced and transmitted again to commercial and residential consumers. Insulators provide the mechanical means by which high voltage wires are suspended from transmission structures while providing the insulation to prevent a short circuit to ground.When insulators fail either in their ...
Thermally insulated windows and doors
Complete thermal insulation of metal rails and stiles in vertically or horizontally sliding or rolling windows or doors is provided by including in the frame thereof centered rigid plastic shapes which extend between panels of the windows or doors. All rails and stiles of each panel are thereby exposed only to either interior or exterior ambient temperatures.
Schmidt, D.F.
Environmental design using dynamic insulation
In conventional airtight buildings, the architect has considerable freedom to decide how much the external environment will influence the internal heating, cooling, and ventilation loads. The services engineer provides the plant and equipment required to deal with these loads. This division of labor could lead to undesirable consequences in the case of dynamic insulation, a form of air permeable construction where bulk air flow through the building envelope may be used to either enhance or restrict the conductive heat and mass diffusion fluxes. Small changes in temperature (indoor and out) and wind speed and direction will influence the behavior of a dynamically insulated envelope since the internal and external environments are much more intimately coupled. Buildings employing dynamic insulation thus require good environmental design principles to be applied. The objective of this paper is to lay down rigorous principles that will form the basis of guidelines to architects and building services engineers on how to take account of the ever changing external environment when designing durable and comfortable buildings employing dynamic insulation.
Taylor, B.J.; Imbabi, M.S.
Vacuum-insulated catalytic converter
A catalytic converter has an inner canister that contains catalyst-coated substrates and an outer canister that encloses an annular, variable vacuum insulation chamber surrounding the inner canister. An annular tank containing phase-change material for heat storage and release is positioned in the variable vacuum insulation chamber a distance spaced part from the inner canister. A reversible hydrogen getter in the variable vacuum insulation chamber, preferably on a surface of the heat storage tank, releases hydrogen into the variable vacuum insulation chamber to conduct heat when the phase-change material is hot and absorbs the hydrogen to limit heat transfer to radiation when the phase-change material is cool. A porous zeolite trap in the inner canister absorbs and retains hydrocarbons from the exhaust gases when the catalyst-coated substrates and zeolite trap are cold and releases the hydrocarbons for reaction on the catalyst-coated substrate when the zeolite trap and catalyst-coated substrate get hot.
Benson, David K. (Golden, CO)
A Holographic Fractional Topological Insulator
We give a holographic realization of the recently proposed low energy effective action describing a fractional topological insulator. In particular we verify that the surface of this hypothetical material supports a fractional quantum Hall current corresponding to half that of a Laughlin state.
Carlos Hoyos-Badajoz; Kristan Jensen; Andreas Karch
Insulator Calculation Engine (ICE) Version 2.0: E-field on Porcelain/Glass Insulators
ICE determines the electric field (E-field) distribution on transmission line polymer insulators (also called NCI or composite insulators) and aids in the selection of the appropriate corona ring.Benefits & Value:Determine the appropriate application of corona rings on transmission line polymer insulators enabling life expectancy.Simple data entry of information selected from pre-populated structure, insulator and hardware ...
Modeling and simulation of power cable insulation
The use of power cables for transmission and distribution of electrical power have increased since the advent of suitable, reliable and economical polymeric insulating material; such as cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE). Power cables plays crucial role ... Keywords: cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), imperfect insulation, local defects, lossy insulation, partial discharge (PD)
K. D. Patil; A. A. Bhole; W. Z. Gandhare
Zip-Code Insulation Program (ZIP), (Version 2. 0) (for microcomputers). Software
Zip 2.0 (the ZIP Code Insulation Program) provides users with customized estimates of economic levels of residential insulation for any location in the United States, keyed to the first three digits of its Zip Code. It currently calculates economic levels of insulation for attic floors, exterior wood-frame and masonry walls, floors over unheated areas, slab floors, and basement and crawlspace walls, ductwork in unconditioned spaces, and water heaters. Climate parameters are contained in a file on the ZIP diskette and automatically retrieved when the program is run. The user must designate the type of heating and cooling equipment present in the house. Default energy and insulation price data are also retrieved from the ZIP diskette, but these can be overridden to correspond to local prices. A comprehensive report is displayed with the economic R-values, advisory material, and a list of the user's input assumptions. An economic analysis can be conducted for either new or existing houses. The program can be run for a single Zip Code and specified heating and cooling system. It can also be run in a batch mode for any number of consecutive Zip Codes in order to provide a table of economic insulation levels for use at the state or national level.
Concrete Foundations in Substations and Transmission Lines
This report presents the results of surveys conducted to obtain information on the degradation of concrete foundations that support transmission towers and high-voltage substation equipment. Although concrete foundations are simple and inexpensive, their degradation or failure may have costly consequences, including potential equipment damage and the need for outages to allow movement of critical equipment so the ...
Code-compliant 2X4 Walls for Zones Marine 4-8 - Code Notes | Building
Code-compliant 2X4 Walls for Zones Marine 4-8 - Code Notes Code-compliant 2X4 Walls for Zones Marine 4-8 - Code Notes The 2009 International Residential Code and International Energy Conservation Code do not permit trade-offs for installing high-efficiency heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment-installing a 90%+ furnace as a trade-off for 2" x 4" stud walls with R-13 insulation. The more permanent building insulation and sealing features now take precedence. However, there still remain optional strategies allowing 2" x 4" exterior stud walls. cn_code-compliant_2x4_walls_for_zones_marine_4-8.pdf Document Details Prepared by: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy Building Energy Codes Program Focus: Compliance Building Type: Residential Code Referenced:
Nowadays, imagining modern buildings without glass is difficult, and glass walls can be found almost everywhere around us. Glass has been one of the most valued materials owing to its transparency. Glass walls' transparency in modern architecture involves ...
Heejeong Heo; Seungki Kim; Hyungkun Park; Jeeyong Chung; Geehyuk Lee; Woohun Lee
Methods of making glass wool blowing insulation
A process is described of making pieces of glass wool, suitable to be blown into attics as thermal insulation, from an elongated generally laminar resiliently compressible glass wool blanket having an original thickness in an unrestrained condition and made of glass fibers bonded with thermoset resin. The process comprises feeding the blanket longitudinally through a compressing station where it is resiliently compressed from its original thickness to a smaller thickness, and feeding the compressed blanket longitudinally between a rotating backup roll and a cooperative rotating cutting roll from one side of the rolls, the cutting roll including a supporting cylinder. A plywood blade-mounting cylinder is mounted on the supporting cylinder, circular cutting blades each have shank portions spaced from each other and disposed substantially completely around an inner periphery of the blade. Straight cutting blades have shank portions spaced from each other and disposed substantially completely along a length of the blade. Resiliently compressible plugs, the circular cutting blades respectively are separately mounted on the plywood cylinder circumferentially distributed substantially throughout the length spaced equally from each other axially by a distance smaller than the original thickness of the blanket, and having their shank portions mounted respectively in slits extending substantially all the way through a wall thickness of the plywood cylinder. The straight cutting blades respectively are separatedly mounted on the plywood cylinder axially distributed throughout the circumference.
Johnson, A.R.; Yawberg, R.C.
Prismatic wall heater
A prismatic beam concentrator mounted at the top of two adjacent walls so as to receive a rectangular incipient beam of diffused sunlight and emit a vertical concentrated sheet beam through a cavity between the walls to a mirror which reflects the beam at right angles onto a radiant iron bar at the base of one wall, as a source of supplemental household heat.
Clegg, J. E.
Fluidized wall for protecting fusion chamber walls
Apparatus for protecting the inner wall of a fusion chamber from microexplosion debris, x-rays, neutrons, etc. produced by deuterium-tritium (DT) targets imploded within the fusion chamber. The apparatus utilizes a fluidized wall similar to a waterfall comprising liquid lithium or solid pellets of lithium-ceramic, the waterfall forming a blanket to prevent damage of the structural materials of the chamber.
Maniscalco, James A. (Danville, CA); Meier, Wayne R. (Livermore, CA)
Retrofit Ventilation Strategies in Multifamily Buildings Webinar
Foundation Retrofits Foundation Retrofits Building America Webinar November 30, 2011 Kohta Ueno Hybrid Foundation Retrofits 2 Background Hybrid Foundation Retrofits 3 Background Space conditioning energy use for basements Known moisture-safe solutions (previous research) Persistent bulk water (leakage) issues Retrofits of existing foundations Especially uneven wall (rubble stone) foundations "Hybrid" insulation and bulk water control assemblies Hybrid Foundation Retrofits 4 Foundations w. bulk water issues Severe and rapid damage to interior insulation and finishes due to bulk water intrusion Hybrid Foundation Retrofits 5 Insulation Location Choices * Retrofits: interior insulation is often the only
Magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator
A magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator employs self-generated magnetic fields to generate microwave energy. An anode of the oscillator includes slow-wave structures which are formed of a plurality of thin conductive vanes defining cavities therebetween, and a gap is formed between the anode and a cathode of the oscillator. In response to a pulsed voltage applied to the anode and cathode, self-generated magnetic fields arfe produced in a cross-field orientation with respect to the orientation of the electric field between the anode and the cathode. The cross-field magnetic fields insulate the flow of electrons in the gap and confine the flow of electrons within the gap.
Bacon, Larry D. (Albuquerque, NM); Ballard, William P. (Albuquerque, NM); Clark, M. Collins (Albuquerque, NM); Marder, Barry M. (Albuquerque, NM)
A magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator employs self-generated magnetic fields to generate microwave energy. An anode of the oscillator includes slow-wave structures which are formed of a plurality of thin conductive vanes defining cavities therebetween, and a gap is formed between the anode and a cathode of the oscillator. In response to a pulsed voltage applied to the anode and cathode, self-generated magnetic fields are produced in a cross-field orientation with respect to the orientation of the electric field between the anode and the cathode. The cross-field magnetic fields insulate the flow of electrons in the gap and confine the flow of electrons within the gap. 11 figs.
Bacon, L.D.; Ballard, W.P.; Clark, M.C.; Marder, B.M.
A method is described for simultaneously supporting inner and outer members spaced from each other and heat insulating them from each other comprising an inner and outer member together defining an annular cavity. Each member carries a shoulder projecting towards the other member. A stack of annular metal plates in the cavity is held between the shoulder of the outer member and the shoulder of the inner member. The edges of the metal plate forming the stack are exposed to the cavity and to evacuation conditions which may exist within thc cavity. The stack of metal plates acts to both support one of the members with respect to the other and as a heat insulator.
Birmingham, B.W.; Brown, H.; Scott, R.B.; Vander-arend, P.C.
cavities in this home. | Photo courtesy of Bob Hendron, NREL. Rigid foam board adds R-value to this wall in a Florida home. | Photo courtesy of FSECIBACOS. Rigid foam board...
Impact of Thermally Insulated Floors
Presently in Kuwait the code of practice for energy conservation in the air conditioned buildings implemented by the Ministry of Electricity and Water (MEW) which has been in effect since 1983 has no consideration taken for thermally insulating the floors of residential and commercial buildings with unconditioned basements. As a part of a comprehensive research program conducted by the Building and Energy Technologies Department of Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research for revision of the code this paper analyzes the effect of using un-insulated floors on the peak cooling demand and energy consumption of a middle income residential private villa and a onebedroom multi-story apartment building in Kuwait. These floors typically separate air-conditioned spaces with ambient environment or un-conditioned spaces. This was done using the ESP-r, a building's energy simulation program, in conjunction with typical meteorological year for Kuwait. The study compared such typical floors with three types of insulated floors. It was found that using an R- 10 floors in multi-story apartment buildings greatly reduce both the peak cooling demand as well as the energy consumption by about 15%, whereas only minimal savings (about 4%) were detected in the case of the residential villas.
Alghimlas, F.; Omar, E. A.
Insulating shade assembly with removable cover
An insulating window shade assembly is described which consists of: bracket means adapted to be mounted on the frame of a window; a first roller carrying an insulating shade and being disposed within the bracket means on the inside of the window, the shade being adapted to be drawn from the roller to cover the inside of the window and to be wound upon the roller to expose the window, a second roller carrying a removable cover fabric on the inside of the shade and being supported by the bracket means, the second roller being spaced from and disposed independently of the first roller, means disposed adjacent only the bottom edge of the insulating shade for connecting only the bottom edge of the cover fabric to the bottom only of the insulating shade so that the insulating shade and cover fabric may be drawn together over the inside of the window; guide means disposed adjacent the second roller and between the second roller and the insulating shade, the cover fabric passing over the guide means, for causing the cover fabric to hang closely adjacent the front of the insulating shade when the insulating shade is drawn over the window and when the insulating shade and cover fabric are connected together by the connecting means, and means for continually tensioning the cover fabric when the insulating shade is drawn and when the cover fabric is connected thereto so that the cover fabric lies smoothly over the shade.
Hausmann, S.; McLane, A. Jr.
United Nations Foundation (UNF) | Open Energy Information
United Nations Foundation (UNF) United Nations Foundation (UNF) Jump to: navigation, search Logo: United Nations Foundation Name United Nations Foundation Address 1800 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Suite 400 Place Washington, DC Zip 20036 Region Northeast - NY NJ CT PA Area Coordinates 38.90879°, -77.042271° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":38.90879,"lon":-77.042271,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Tropical Forest Foundation | Open Energy Information
Tropical Forest Foundation Tropical Forest Foundation Jump to: navigation, search Logo: Tropical Forest Foundation Name Tropical Forest Foundation Address 2121 Eisenhower Ave. Suite 200 Place Alexandria, Virginia Zip 22314 Region Northeast - NY NJ CT PA Area Phone number 703.518.8834 Website http://tropicalforestfoundatio Coordinates 38.8013734°, -77.0668734° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":38.8013734,"lon":-77.0668734,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Galveston Historical Foundation | Open Energy Information
Historical Foundation Historical Foundation Jump to: navigation, search Logo: Galveston Historical Foundation Name Galveston Historical Foundation Address 502 20th St. Place Galveston, Texas Zip 77550 Region Texas Area Number of employees 11-50 Year founded 1954 Phone number 409-765-7834 Website http://www.galvestonhistory.or Coordinates 29.3054013°, -94.7900179° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":29.3054013,"lon":-94.7900179,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Foundations of uncertain-data integration
There has been considerable past work studying data integration and uncertain data in isolation. We develop the foundations for local-as-view (LAV) data integration when the sources being integrated are uncertain. We motivate two distinct settings ...
Parag Agrawal; Anish Das Sarma; Jeffrey Ullman; Jennifer Widom
Tribal Renewable Energy Curriculum Foundational Course: Biomass
Watch the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Indian Energy foundational course webinar on biomass renewable energy by clicking on the .swf link below. You can also download the PowerPoint slides...
Theoretical foundations for the study of sociomateriality
This paper compares two alternative theoretical foundations upon which the study of sociomateriality can be built: agential realism and critical realism. It begins by providing a brief overview of the sociomaterial perspective on organizational practices ...
Paul M. Leonardi
How are basement walls input in REScheck? | Building Energy Codes Program
basement walls input in REScheck? basement walls input in REScheck? After selecting a basement wall type, a basement wall illustration will appear with input boxes for the basement wall height, depth below grade, and depth of insulation. The illustration helps identify the dimensions being requested. You may enter basement wall dimensions directly into this illustration and select the OK button to have them transferred to the corresponding row in the table on the Envelope screen. If you prefer to enter the dimensions directly into the table on the Envelope screen, you can select Cancel to remove the illustration without entering dimensions. To view the basement wall illustration and inputs at a later time, click the right-mouse button anywhere on the basement row and select Edit Basement Inputs from the popup menu.
TMS Foundation Receives Planned Gift from Dr. Martin E. Glicksman
Mr. Martin E. Glicksman, of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, recently made plans for a substantial planned gift to the TMS Foundation. The Foundation�...
Indian Renewable Energy Foundation Ltd IREF | Open Energy Information
Renewable Energy Foundation Ltd IREF Jump to: navigation, search Name Indian Renewable Energy Foundation Ltd. (IREF) Place Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Zip 400 055 Sector Wind energy...
DOE Office of Indian Energy Foundational Course on Strategic...
DOE Office of Indian Energy Foundational Course: Strategic Energy Planning (text version) Below is the text version of the Webinar titled "DOE Office of Indian Energy Foundational...
Thermal insulating barrier and neutron shield providing integrated protection for a nuclear reactor vessel
The reactor vessel of a nuclear reactor installation which is suspended from the cold leg nozzles in a reactor cavity is provided with a lower thermal insulating barrier spaced from the reactor vessel to form a chamber which can be flooded with cooling water through passive valving to directly cool the reactor vessel in the event of a severe accident. The passive valving also includes bistable vents at the upper end of the thermal insulating barrier for releasing steam. A removable, modular neutron shield extending around the upper end of the reactor cavity below the nozzles forms with the upwardly and outwardly tapered transition on the outer surface of the reactor vessel, a labyrinthine channel which reduces neutron streaming while providing a passage for the escape of steam during a severe accident, and for the cooling air which is circulated along the reactor cavity walls outside the thermal insulating barrier during normal operation of the reactor.
Schreiber, Roger B. (Penn Twp., PA); Fero, Arnold H. (New Kensington, PA); Sejvar, James (Murrysville, PA)
The reactor vessel of a nuclear reactor installation which is suspended from the cold leg nozzles in a reactor cavity is provided with a lower thermal insulating barrier spaced from the reactor vessel to form a chamber which can be flooded with cooling water through passive valving to directly cool the reactor vessel in the event of a severe accident. The passive valving also includes bistable vents at the upper end of the thermal insulating barrier for releasing steam. A removable, modular neutron shield extending around the upper end of the reactor cavity below the nozzles forms with the upwardly and outwardly tapered transition on the outer surface of the reactor vessel, a labyrinthine channel which reduces neutron streaming while providing a passage for the escape of steam during a severe accident, and for the cooling air which is circulated along the reactor cavity walls outside the thermal insulating barrier during normal operation of the reactor. 8 figs.
Schreiber, R.B.; Fero, A.H.; Sejvar, J.
High pressure electrical insulated feed thru connector
A feed-thru type hermetic electrical connector including at least one connector pin feeding through an insulator block within the metallic body of the connector shell. A compression stop arrangement coaxially disposed about the insulator body is brazed to the shell, and the shoulder on the insulator block bears against this top in a compression mode, the high pressure or internal connector being at the opposite end of the shell. Seals between the pin and an internal bore at the high pressure end of the insulator block and between the insulator block and the metallic shell at the high pressure end are hermetically brazed in place, the first of these also functioning to transfer the axial compressive load without permitting appreciable shear action between the pin and insulator block.
Oeschger, Joseph E. (Palo Alto, CA); Berkeland, James E. (San Jose, CA)
Tokamak reactor first wall
This invention relates to an improved first wall construction for a tokamak fusion reactor vessel, or other vessels subjected to similar pressure and thermal stresses.
Creedon, R.L.; Levine, H.E.; Wong, C.; Battaglia, J.
Aerogel Impregnated Polyurethane Piping and Duct Insulation
Aerogel Impregnated Polyurethane Aerogel Impregnated Polyurethane Piping and Duct Insulation David M. Hess InnoSense LLC email@example.com, 310-530-2011 April 4, 2013 2 | Building Technologies Office eere.energy.gov Purpose & Objectives Problem Statement: Develop an efficient insulation system that will adhere to housing duct work and pipe structures while conforming to complex geometries. New insulations must increase the R-value of existing materials and be easy to apply or retrofit to existing structures.
The Effects of Contamination on HVDC Insulators
EPRI is currently documenting the various issues that should be considered when converting existing AC lines to high voltage DC (HVDC) lines. One issue that has not yet been dealt with properly is the selection of external DC insulation with respect to contamination. Since the beginning of overhead power transmission, it has been recognized that the performance of external insulation is adversely affected when the insulating surface is contaminated with airborne deposits such as marine salt or industrial...
Porcelain Insulator Vintage Guide: 1st Edition
Insulators play an important role in transmission lines and are sometimes considered part of the structure. They are required to perform two functions, mechanically and electrically suspend the conductor from the structure. If the insulator fails at either task, the flow of electricity is interrupted. Insulators for high-voltage transmission (relative to the era) started around 1904. The technology using porcelain is more than 100 years old and has not significantly changed in the past 50 years. ...
Gas insulated substation equipment for industrial applications
Until recently the only available method for construction of high voltage systems was to use exposed air insulated equipment supported on porcelain columns. The past decade has witnessed the introduction and wide acceptance of compressed gas insulated equipment as a viable alternative to the conventional substation system. The characteristics of gas insulated substations (GIS) and their application for industrial use at service voltages at 69 kV and above are discussed.
Kenedy, J.J.
Insulation and Air Sealing Products and Services | Department of Energy
You are here You are here Home » Insulation and Air Sealing Products and Services Insulation and Air Sealing Products and Services May 30, 2012 - 9:52am Addthis Insulation and Air Sealing Products and Services Use the following links to get product information and locate professional services for insulation and air sealing. Product Information Cellulose Facts Cellulose Insulation Manufacturers Association Information on cellulose insulation, including technical bulletins, special reports, and video Concrete Masonry Units Concrete Homes-Portland Cement Association Describes construction methods that use concrete block systems Cotton Insulation (PDF) Build it Green Information on cotton insulation and a comparison to conventional insulation Expanded Polystyrene Molders Association
... Plate Apparatus. [01/T05] ASTM C335 Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Horizontal Pipe Insulation. [01/T06] ASTM ...
Degradation of Structural Alloys Under Thermal Insulation
Wet thermal insulation may actively degrade steel and stainless steel structures by general corrosion or stress-corrosion cracking. Two different mechanisms of water ingress into insulation are discussed; flooding from external sources, and migration from condensation of atmospheric moisture. The general corrosion rate of steels under insulation is predictable (within a broad scatter band) on the basis of temperature and oxygen content. This relationship is presented graphically based on plant case histories. Rainwater, washwater and the insulation itself are compared as potential sources of chloride to promote external SCC of stainless steels. Preventative measures will be discussed.
McIntyre, D. R.
Corrosion of Stainless Steel under Insulation
Opacified, Reinforced Aerogel for Thermal Insulation of ...
Any insulation for thermoelectric devices must also be able to be cast into place around the thermoelectric legs, as well as mechanically robust to survive�...
Gas-Filled Panels, High Performance Insulation
Gas-Filled Panels high performance insulation Windows & Daylighting | Building Technologies | Environmental Energy Technologies Division | Berkeley Lab gfp4b.jpg (5624 bytes)...
The present invention is a cable which, although constructed from inexpensive polyolefin tapes and using typical impregnating oils, furnishes high voltage capability up to 765 kV, and has such excellent dielectric characteristics and heat transfer properties that it is capable of operation at capacities equal to or higher than presently available cables at a given voltage. This is accomplished by using polyethylene, polybutene or polypropylene insulating tape which has been specially processed to attain properties which are not generally found in these materials, but are required for their use in impregnated electrical cables. Chief among these properties is compatibility with impregnating oil.
Forsyth, E.B.; Muller, A.C.
Gauge Dynamics and Topological Insulators
A non-abelian magnetic field in Yang-Mills theory induces the formation of a "W-boson" vortex lattice. We study the propagation of fundamental fermions in the presence of this lattice in 2+1 dimensions. We show that the spectrum for massless fermions contains four topologically-protected Dirac points with non-zero Bloch momentum. For massive fermions, we compute topological invariants of the band structure and show that it is possible to realise a Z2 topological insulator within Yang-Mills theory.
Benjamin B�ri; David Tong; Kenny Wong
The effect of soil-flexibility on seismic response of a typical steel plate shear wall subjected to Duzce earthquake
Steel Plate Shear Wall is commonly employed as a principal system to resist lateral loads due to wind or earthquake forces. An accurate model for SPSW needs to consider the effect of all components for analysis such as foundation and subsoil. One of ... Keywords: dynamic analysis, seismic response, soil structure interaction, steel plate shear wall
J. Mirlohi; P. Memarzadeh; F. Behnamfar
Cladding Attachment Over Thick Exterior Insulating Sheathing (Fact Sheet), Building America Case Study: Technology Solutions for New and Existing Homes, Building Technologies Office (BTO)
Cladding Attachment Over Thick Cladding Attachment Over Thick Exterior Insulating Sheathing Project InformatIon: Project name: Cladding Attachment Over Thick Exterior Insulating Sheathing Partners: Building Science Corporation www.buildingscience.com The Dow Chemical Company www.dow.com James Hardie Building Products www.jameshardie.com Building component: Building envelope component application: New and/or retrofit; Single and/or multifamily Year research conducted: 2011 through 2012 applicable climate Zone(s): All The addition of insulation to the exterior of buildings is an effective means of increasing the thermal resistance of wood-framed walls and mass masonry wall assemblies. The location of the insulation on the exterior of the structure has many direct benefits, including better effective R-value from reduced thermal
Spacetime as a topological insulator: Mechanism for the origin of the fermion generations
We suggest a mechanism whereby the three generations of quarks and leptons correspond to surface modes in a five-dimensional theory. These modes arise from a nonlinear fermion dispersion relation in the extra dimension, much in the same manner as fermion surface modes in a topological insulator or lattice implementation of domain wall fermions. We also show that the topological properties can persist in a deconstructed version of the model in four dimensions.
David B. Kaplan; Sichun Sun
The objective of this program was to design and formulate organic polymer-based material systems suitable for repairing and restoring the overlay panels of insulating lightweight polymer concrete (ILPC) from the concrete floor and slope wall of a dike at KeySpan liquefied natural gas (LNG) facility in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, NY, just over sixteen years ago. It also included undertaking a small-scale field demonstration to ensure that the commercial repairing technologies were applicable to the designed and formulated materials.
Orbital disc insulator for SF.sub.6 gas-insulated bus
An insulator for supporting a high voltage conductor within a gas-filled grounded housing consists of radially spaced insulation rings fitted to the exterior of the bus and the interior of the grounded housing respectively, and the spaced rings are connected by trefoil type rings which are integrally formed with the spaced insulation rings.
Bacvarov, Dosio C. (Greensburg, PA); Gomarac, Nicholas G. (West Newton, PA)
High-R Walls for New Construction Structural Performance: Wind Pressure Testing
This technical report is focused primarily on laboratory testing that evaluates wind pressure performance characteristics for wall systems constructed with exterior insulating sheathing. This research and test activity will help to facilitate the ongoing use of non-structural sheathing options and provide a more in-depth understanding of how wall system layers perform in response to high wind perturbations normal to the surface.
DeRenzis, A.; Kochkin, V.
Walls and Windows
Energy travels in and out of a building through the walls and windows by means of conduction, convection, and radiation. The walls and windows, complex systems in themselves, are part of the overall building system. A wall system is composed of multiple layers that work in concert to provide shelter from the exterior weather. Wall systems vary in the degree to which they provide thermal resistance, moisture resistance, durability, and thermal storage. High tech windows are now available that can resist radiation heat transfer while still providing light and visibility. The combination of walls and windows within the building system can be adapted to meet a wide range of environmental conditions, recognizing that the best building envelope system for one climate may not be the first choice for another location.
Stovall, Therese K [ORNL
A Novel Method for Transport and Cooling of a Muon Beam Based on Magnetic Insulation
Unwanted field emission is a well known problem for high-gradient accelerating structures as it can cause damage and initiate breakdown. Recent experiments indicated that the deleterious effects of field-emission are greatly enhanced in the presence of external magnetic fields. In the context of designing a muon accelerator this imposes numerous constraints since rf cavities need to operate within strong magnetic fields in order to successfully transport the beam. Here, a novel design of a magnetically insulated cavity in which the walls are parallel to the magnetic field lines is presented. We show that with magnetic insulation, damage from field emission can be significantly suppressed. Effects of coil positioning errors on the cavity performance are discussed and the required magnetic field strength to achieve insulation is estimated. We present a conceptual design of a muon collider cooling lattice with magnetic insulated cavities and cross-check its performance to the one with pillbox cavities. Finally an experiment to test magnetic insulation is described.
Stratakis, Diktys; Gallardo, Juan C.; Palmer, Robert B. [Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 (United States)
Temperature Measurements in Full-Scale Wood Stud Shear Walls
This report presents the results of 10 full-scale fire resistance tests conducted at the National Fire Laboratory on load-bearing gypsum board protected, wood stud shear wall assemblies with and without resilient channels on the fire-exposed side. The two assembly arrangements studied were: symmetrical installation 1x1 (one layer of gypsum board on each of the exposed and unexposed sides) and asymmetrical installation of the shear membrane (one layer of gypsum board on both the exposed and unexposed sides and a shear wall membrane as a base layer alternating between the exposed (2x1) and unexposed sides (1x2)) on a wood stud frame. The gypsum board was 12.7 mm thick Type X. The insulations used were glass and rock fibres. The shear membranes used were plywood and oriented strand board (OSB). Tests were conducted to determine the effects of the placement of the shear membrane on the exposed/unexposed face, type of shear membrane, insulation type, load intensity and resilient channel installations on the fire resistance of gypsum board protected, wood stud shear wall assemblies. Details of the results, including the temperatures and deflections measured during the fire tests, are presented. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research is part of a consortium project on the fire resistance and sound performance of wall assemblies - Phase II, among the following partners: . Canadian Wood Council . Canadian Home Builders Association . Canadian Sheet Steel Building Institute . Gypsum Manufacturers of Canada . Owens-Corning Canada . Roxul Inc.
V. K. R. Sultan; M. A. Denham; V. K. R. Kodur; M. A. Sultan; E. M. A. Denham; Canadian Wood Council; Shear Walls; Shear Walls; Shear Walls; Shear Walls
Experimental evaluation of gas filled plenum (GFP) insulation for ducts
Gas Filled Plenum (GFP) Insulation for Ducts LBNL 52084 Iaina flexible duct. Most duct insulation has an R-value of 4.2,used. With glass fiber insulation being about R4 per inch (
Walker, Iain S.; Guillot, Cyril
Uniform insulation applied-B ion diode
An applied-B field extraction ion diode has uniform insulation over an anode surface for increased efficiency. When the uniform insulation is accomplished with anode coils, and a charge-exchange foil is properly placed, and ions may be focused at a point on the z axis.
Seidel, D.B.; Slutz, S.A.
Kingspan Insulated Panels: Order (2013-CE-5353)
DOE ordered Kingspan Insulated Panels, Inc. to pay a $8,000 civil penalty after finding Kingspan Insulated Panels had failed to certify that any basic models of walk-in cooler and freezer components comply with the applicable energy conservation standards.
An applied-B field extraction ion diode has uniform insulation over an anode surface for increased efficiency. When the uniform insulation is accomplished with anode coils, and a charge-exchange foil is properly placed, the ions may be focused at a point on the z axis.
Seidel, David B. (Albuquerque, NM); Slutz, Stephen A. (Albuquerque, NM)
Insulation board is described which is capable of bearing a load without significant loss of insulating capacity due to compression, produced by a method wherein the board is made in compliance with specified conditions of time, temperature and pressure. 2 figs.
Bonneville Environmental Foundation | Open Energy Information
Foundation Foundation Jump to: navigation, search Name Bonneville Environmental Foundation Address 240 SW 1st Avenue Place Portland, Oregon Zip 97204 Region Pacific Northwest Area Website https://www.b-e-f.org/ Coordinates 45.520495°, -122.671887° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":45.520495,"lon":-122.671887,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
ITER Central Solenoid Coil Insulation Qualification
An insulation system for ITER Central Solenoid must have sufficiently high electrical and structural strength. Design efforts to bring stresses in the turn and layer insulation within allowables failed. It turned out to be impossible to eliminate high local tensile stresses in the winding pack. When high local stresses can not be designed out, the qualification procedure requires verification of the acceptable structural and electrical strength by testing. We built two 4x4 arrays of the conductor jacket with two options of the CS insulation and subjected the arrays to 1.2 million compressive cycles at 60 MPa and at 76 K. Such conditions simulated stresses in the CS insulation. We performed voltage withstand tests and after end of cycling we measured the breakdown voltages between in the arrays. After that we dissectioned the arrays and studied micro cracks in the insulation. We report details of the specimens preparation, test procedures and test results.
Martovetsky, Nicolai N [ORNL; Mann Jr, Thomas Latta [ORNL; Miller, John L [ORNL; Freudenberg, Kevin D [ORNL; Reed, Richard P [Cryogenic Materials, Inc.; Walsh, Robert P [Florida State University; McColskey, J D [National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder; Evans, D [Advanced Cryogenic Materials
An insulation system for ITER Central Solenoid must have sufficiently high electrical and structural strength. Design efforts to bring stresses in the turn and layer insulation within allowables failed. It turned out to be impossible to eliminate high local tensile stresses in the winding pack. When high local stresses can not be designed out, the qualification procedure requires verification of the acceptable structural and electrical strength by testing. We built two 4 x 4 arrays of the conductor jacket with two options of the CS insulation and subjected the arrays to 1.2 million compressive cycles at 60 MPa and at 76 K. Such conditions simulated stresses in the CS insulation. We performed voltage withstand tests and after end of cycling we measured the breakdown voltages between in the arrays. After that we dissectioned the arrays and studied micro cracks in the insulation. We report details of the specimens preparation, test procedures and test results.
Martovetsky, N N; Mann, T L; Miller, J R; Freudenberg, K D; Reed, R P; Walsh, R P; McColskey, J D; Evans, D
Storing, Transporting, and Installing Polymer Insulators: A Practical Guide
Since the first use of polymer insulators, great strides have been made in understanding insulator design and application. Polymer insulatorsalso called composite or non-ceramic insulators (NCI)offer some distinct advantages compared to ceramic insulators, including the fact that they are lightweight, not easily vandalized, and resistant to contamination. However, the greatest concern still remains the question of life expectancy. During service life, polymer insulators insulate the line conductor from t...
A Guide to Insulation Selection for Industrial Applications
In the wake of rapidly rising energy costs, insulation systems are receiving much attention from design engineers and owners in the industrial market. This paper discusses the significant properties of the primary industrial insulations as well as the application requirements which lead to proper insulation usage. In addition, the basic reasons for insulating are discussed in terms of how they affect the determination of insulation thickness. The discussion concentrates on piping and equipment insulations and does not deal with refractory materials or usage.
Harrison, M. R.
NETL F 451.1-1/1 Categorical Exclusion (CX) Designation Form
Project Management Center 2010 Gary Sames 812010 - 7312013 Midland, MI Advanced Insulation for High-Performance, Cost-Effective Wall, Roof and Foundation Systems Develop...
CX-003563: Categorical Exclusion Determination | Department of...
Exclusion Determination CX-003563: Categorical Exclusion Determination Advanced Insulation for High-Performance, Cost-Effective Wall, Roof and Foundation Systems CX(s)...
Alliant Energy Interstate Power and Light (Gas) - Residential...
Heating Maximum Rebate CaulkingWeather Stripping: 200 CeilingFoundationWall Insulation: 750 Program Information Iowa Program Type Utility Rebate Program Rebate Amount...
Sandia National Laboratories: Research: Research Foundations: Engineering
Engineering Science Engineering Science The Engineering Science Research Foundation is leading engineering transitions in advanced, highly critical systems by integrating theory development, experimental discovery and diagnostics, modeling, and computational approaches to refine our understanding of complex behavior in engineered systems. Why our work matters Revolutionizing the fundamental understanding of complex engineered systems can lead to enhancements that will bolster our national security stance for decades to come. Our unique value Leading-edge work on physical phenomena at the continuum and near-continuum scale Engineering expertise in national security systems that is second to none Foundational knowledge across multiple disciplines, including solid mechanics, fluid mechanics of reacting and nonreacting systems, structural
Long-Term Field Monitoring of an EIFS Clad Wall
A popular retrofit option is to install an exterior insulation finish system to the walls of existing buildings. This study evaluates the thermal and moisture performance of such a system with a vented wall assembly. In addition to being a case study, this field monitoring was intended to verify computation methods of building envelope performance. The long term monitoring was designed to be non-destructive so that the building envelope performance is not affected by the measurements that are made, and to allow easy removal of sensors for recalibration and retrieval at the end of the test period. The field monitoring is planned for two years to capture a wide range of environmental conditions. This paper discusses the instrumentation used in the study and presents interim results of the thermal resistance of the wall and surface moisture.
Nady Sad William; M. Nady; A. Sa�d; William C. Brown; Iain S. Walker
Building Technologies Office: Vacuum Insulation Panels Research Project
Vacuum Insulation Vacuum Insulation Panels Research Project to someone by E-mail Share Building Technologies Office: Vacuum Insulation Panels Research Project on Facebook Tweet about Building Technologies Office: Vacuum Insulation Panels Research Project on Twitter Bookmark Building Technologies Office: Vacuum Insulation Panels Research Project on Google Bookmark Building Technologies Office: Vacuum Insulation Panels Research Project on Delicious Rank Building Technologies Office: Vacuum Insulation Panels Research Project on Digg Find More places to share Building Technologies Office: Vacuum Insulation Panels Research Project on AddThis.com... About Take Action to Save Energy Partner with DOE Activities Appliances Research Building Envelope Research Windows, Skylights, & Doors Research
Figure 6. Type of Homes by Insulation, 2001
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Home >>Residential Home Page>>Insulation > Figure 6. Type of Homes by Insulation, 2001. To Top. Contacts: Specific questions may be directed to:
Buoyant Granular Ceramic Insulation for the Liquid Metal Cooled ...
Previous work showed that the buoyant granular insulation (floating baffle) used to insulate the liquid bath from the mold heater strongly influences the curvature�...
A study of Nanofilled Silicone Dielectrics for Outdoor Insulation.
??Polymeric insulators are now a common replacement for conventional porcelain and glass string insulators on overhead distribution and transmission lines. The use of this mature� (more)
Ramirez Vazquez, Isaias
Application of Spray Foam Insulation Under Plywood and OSB Roof...
Insulation Under Plywood and OSB Roof Sheathing (Fact Sheet) Application of Spray Foam Insulation Under Plywood and OSB Roof Sheathing (Fact Sheet), Building America Case Study:...
Affordable Cold Climate Infill Housing with Hybrid Insulation...
with Hybrid Insulation Approach Affordable Cold Climate Infill Housing with Hybrid Insulation Approach, Wyandotte, Michigan (Fact Sheet), Building America Case Study:...
Surprising Control over Photoelectrons from a Topological Insulator
Surprising Control over Photoelectrons from a Topological Insulator Surprising Control over Photoelectrons from a Topological Insulator Print Tuesday, 12 March 2013 00:00...
Topological Insulator Nanowires and Nanoribbons
Recent theoretical calculations and photoemission spectroscopy measurements on the bulk Bi{sub 2}Se{sub 3} material show that it is a three-dimensional topological insulator possessing conductive surface states with nondegenerate spins, attractive for dissipationless electronics and spintronics applications. Nanoscale topological insulator materials have a large surface-to-volume ratio that can manifest the conductive surface states and are promising candidates for devices. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of high quality single crystalline Bi{sub 2}Se{sub 3} nanomaterials with a variety of morphologies. The synthesis of Bi{sub 2}Se{sub 3} nanowires and nanoribbons employs Au-catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism. Nanowires, which exhibit rough surfaces, are formed by stacking nanoplatelets along the axial direction of the wires. Nanoribbons are grown along [11-20] direction with a rectangular crosssection and have diverse morphologies, including quasi-one-dimensional, sheetlike, zigzag and sawtooth shapes. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies on nanoribbons show atomically smooth surfaces with {approx}1 nm step edges, indicating single Se-Bi-Se-Bi-Se quintuple layers. STM measurements reveal a honeycomb atomic lattice, suggesting that the STM tip couples not only to the top Se atomic layer, but also to the Bi atomic layer underneath, which opens up the possibility to investigate the contribution of different atomic orbitals to the topological surface states. Transport measurements of a single nanoribbon device (four terminal resistance and Hall resistance) show great promise for nanoribbons as candidates to study topological surface states.
Kong, D.S.
American Clean Skies Foundation | Open Energy Information
Skies Foundation Skies Foundation Jump to: navigation, search Logo: American Clean Skies Foundation Name American Clean Skies Foundation Address 750 1st Street NE, Suite 1100 Place Washington, DC Zip 20002 Region Northeast - NY NJ CT PA Area Year founded 2007 Phone number (202) 682-6294 Website http://www.cleanskies.org/ Coordinates 38.899704°, -77.007068° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":38.899704,"lon":-77.007068,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Clean Economy Network Foundation | Open Energy Information
Clean Economy Network Foundation Clean Economy Network Foundation Jump to: navigation, search Logo: Clean Economy Network Foundation Name Clean Economy Network Foundation Address 1301 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Suite 700 Place Washington, DC Zip 20004 Number of employees 1-10 Year founded 2009 Website http://cleaneconomynetwork.org Notes Includes what was formerly known as the Renewable Energy Business Network (REBN) Coordinates 38.89597°, -77.030353° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":38.89597,"lon":-77.030353,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Security Policies as the Foundation for Cryptographic
Security Policies as the Foundation for Cryptographic Key Management Elaine Barker, CKMS Project to Layered Security Policies From Information Management to Key Mngt. From Dept. of Com. To NIST Employees · Security Domains Simple to Complex · Key Management Static to Configurable to Dynamic
Foundations and Trends R Information Retrieval
Foundations and Trends R in Information Retrieval Vol. 2, No. 3 (2008) 137213 c 2008 C. Zhai DOI: 10.1561/1500000008 Statistical Language Models for Information Retrieval A Critical Review firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract Statistical language models have recently been successfully applied to many information retrieval
Zhai, ChengXiang
FOUNDATIONS OF PRICING AND INVESTMENT IN ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION A thesis submitted, transmission and distribution areas. From 1984 to 1989 he worked for Chilquinta, an electricity distribution electricity markets. In that frame, open access to the transmission system is one of the fundamental topics
Rudnick, Hugh
Sensitivity of forced air distribution system efficiency to climate, duct location, air leakage and insulation
Location, Air Leakage and Insulation Iain S. Walker Energy4 Duct Insulation, Location and Leakageinsulation
Walker, Iain
Labeling and advertising of home insulation
This staff report, prepared by the F.T.C.'s Bureau of Consumer Protection for Commission review, includes recommendations as to the final form of a trade regulation rule relating to the labeling and advertising of home insulation. Because of marketing abuses which accompanied the rising demand for home insulation, there has been broad support for a rule requiring information disclosures to help purchasers of home insulation to make an informed decision. The Commission, to provide such rule as quickly as possible, undertook its rulemaking proceeding under its new expedited rulemaking procedure. The rule was proposed on November 18, 1977, and, following a two-month period for written comments, four weeks of hearings were held in Washington, D.C. in February 1978. The record, contributed to by a variety of interests, shows that consumers do not know how to shop for home insulation. The staff-recommended rule, among other things, would require that insulation be tested and R-values (a measure of insulation's ability to retain heat) disclosed on labels and in advertising. To facilitate comparison shopping, the industry would also be required to furnish consumers with fact sheets describing, on a product-to-product basis, factors that can reduce the R-value of insulation.
ZIP - The ZIP-Code Insulation Program (version 1. 0) economic insulation levels for new and existing houses by three-digit ZIP code: Users guide and reference manual
ZIP 1.0 (the ZIP-code Insulation program) is a computer program developed to support the DOE Insulation Fact Sheet by providing users with customized estimates of economic levels of residential insulation. These estimates can be made for any location in the United States by entering the first three digits of its ZIP Code. The program and supporting files are contained on a single 5.25-in. diskette for use with microcomputers having an MS-DOS operating system capability. The ZIP program currently calculates economic levels of insulation for attic floors, exterior wood-frame and masonry walls, floor over unheated areas, slab floors, and basement and crawlspace wells. The economic analysis can be conducted for either new or existing houses. Climate parameters are contained in a file on the ZIP diskette and automatically retrieved when the program is run. Regional energy and insulation price data are also retrieved from the ZIP diskette, but these can be overridden to more closely correspond to local prices. Zip can be run for a single ZIP Code and specified heating and cooling system. It can also be run in a ''batch'' mode for any number of consecutive ZIP Codes in order to provide a table of economic insulation levels for use at the state or national level. 4 tabs.
Illinois Clean Energy Community Foundation Grants | Department of Energy
Illinois Clean Energy Community Foundation Grants Illinois Clean Energy Community Foundation Grants Illinois Clean Energy Community Foundation Grants < Back Eligibility Local Government Nonprofit Schools Savings Category Heating & Cooling Home Weatherization Construction Commercial Weatherization Commercial Heating & Cooling Design & Remodeling Appliances & Electronics Commercial Lighting Lighting Bioenergy Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Energy Sources Buying & Making Electricity Solar Heating Water Heating Wind Program Info Start Date 06/30/1999 State Illinois Program Type Non-Profit Grant Program Provider Illinois Clean Energy Community Foundation The Illinois Clean Energy Community Foundation (ICECF) was established in December 1999 as an independent foundation with a $225 million endowment
The use of wind power to generate electricity continues to grow, especially given commitments by various countries throughout the world to ensure that a significant percentage of energy comes from renewable sources. In order to meet such objectives, increasingly larger turbines with higher capacity are being developed. The engineering aspects of larger turbine development tend to focus on design and materials for blades and towers. However, foundations are also a critical component of large wind turbines and represent a significant cost of wind energy projects. Ongoing wind research at BNL is examining two areas: (a) structural response analysis of wind turbine-tower-foundation systems and (b) materials engineering of foundations. This work is investigating the dynamic interactions in wind turbine systems, which in turn assists the wind industry in achieving improved reliability and more cost efficient foundation designs. The results reported herein cover initial studies of concrete mix designs for large wind turbine foundations and how these may be tailored to reduce cost and incorporate sustainability and life cycle concepts. The approach taken was to investigate material substitutions so that the environmental, energy and CO{sub 2}-impact of concrete could be reduced. The use of high volumes of ''waste'' materials in concrete was examined. These materials included fly ash, blast furnace slag and recycled concrete aggregate. In addition, the use of steel fiber reinforcement as a means to improve mechanical properties and potentially reduce the amount of bar reinforcement in concrete foundations was studied. Four basic mixes were considered. These were: (1) conventional mix with no material substitutions, (2) 50% replacement of cement with fly ash, (3) 50% replacement of cement with blast furnace slag and (4) 25% replacement of cement with fly ash and 25% replacement with blast furnace slag. Variations on these mixes included the addition of 1% by volume steel fibers. The use of recycled concrete aggregate in the conventional and 50% slag mixes was also studied. Properties investigated included compressive and tensile strengths, elastic modulus, coefficient of permeability, thermal conductivity and durability in seawater and sulfate solutions. It was determined that the mixes containing 50% slag gave the best overall performance. Slag was particularly beneficial for concrete that used recycled aggregate and could reduce strength losses. Initial durability results indicated that corrosion of fibers in the different concrete mixes when exposed to seawater was minimal. Future research needs to include more detailed studies of mix design and properties of concrete for wind turbine foundations. Emphasis on slag-modified mixes with natural and recycled concrete aggregate is recommended. The proportion of slag that can be incorporated in the concrete needs to be optimized, as does the grading of recycled aggregate. The potential for using silica fume in conjunction with slag is worth exploring as this may further enhance strength and durability. Longer-term durability studies are necessary and other pertinent properties of concrete that require investigation include damping characteristics, pullout strength, fatigue strength and risk of thermal cracking. The properties of sustainable concrete mixes need to be integrated with studies on the structural behavior of wind turbine foundations in order to determine the optimal mix design and to examine means of reducing conservatism and cost of foundations.
Issue 5: Optimizing High Levels of Insulation
Issue 5: Optimizing High Levels of Insulation NREL, Ren Anderson Building America Technical Update Meeting July 25 th , 2012 Issue 5 - How Much Insulation is Too Much? How do we define the cost-effective limit for improvements in enclosure efficiency? Key Factors to Consider: -Cost of savings vs. cost of grid-supplied energy -Cost of efficiency savings vs. cost of savings from renewable generation. -Savings from envelope improvements vs. other efficiency options Context * It is widely believed that code-specified insulation levels also represent cost-effective limits. * However, the cost-effective insulation levels exceed IECC values in many climates. * The homeowner-driven value of modest increases in enclosure performance can create economies of scale that will reduce
KSI's Cross Insulated Core Transformer Technology
Cross Insulated Core Transformer (CCT) technology improves on Insulated Core Transformer (ICT) implementations. ICT systems are widely used in very high voltage, high power, power supply systems. In an ICT transformer ferrite core sections are insulated from their neighboring ferrite cores. Flux leakage is present at each of these insulated gaps. The flux loss is raised to the power of stages in the ICT design causing output voltage efficiency to taper off with increasing stages. KSI's CCT technology utilizes a patented technique to compensate the flux loss at each stage of an ICT system. Design equations to calculate the flux compensation capacitor value are presented. CCT provides corona free operation of the HV stack. KSI's CCT based High Voltage power supply systems offer high efficiency operation, high frequency switching, low stored energy and smaller size over comparable ICT systems.
Uhmeyer, Uwe [Kaiser Systems, Inc, 126 Sohier Road, Beverly, MA 01915 (United States)
Insulated dipole antennas for heating oil shale
Insulated dipole antennas in the HF band are potentially useful in heating shale i n s i t u to extract oil. To help evaluate the efficiency of such antennas
John P. Casey; Rajeev Bansal
Insulate Steam Distribution and Condensate Return Lines
This revised ITP tip sheet on insulating steam distribution and condensate return lines provides how-to advice for improving industrial steam systems using low-cost, proven practices and technologies.
PERFORMANCE VALUES FOR SEVERAL WINDOW DESIGNS XBL 796-10098IN MINNEAPOLIS AS A FUNCTION OF WINDOW AREA AND GLAZING/Thermal Performance of Insulating Window Systems Stephen E.
Selkowitz, Stephen E.
Thermal conductivity of thermal-battery insulations
The thermal conductivities of a variety of insulating materials used in thermal batteries were measured in atmospheres of argon and helium using several techniques. (Helium was used to simulate the hydrogen atmosphere that results when a Li(Si)/FeS{sub 2} thermal battery ages.) The guarded-hot-plate method was used with the Min-K insulation because of its extremely low thermal conductivity. For comparison purposes, the thermal conductivity of the Min-K insulating board was also measured using the hot-probe method. The thermal-comparator method was used for the rigid Fiberfrax board and Fiberfrax paper. The thermal conductivity of the paper was measured under several levels of compression to simulate the conditions of the insulating wrap used on the stack in a thermal battery. The results of preliminary thermal-characterization tests with several silica aerogel materials are also presented.
Guidotti, R.A.; Moss, M.
Use of movable insulation for energy conservation
This study examines the opinions of homeowners and renters who used Moveable Night Insulation for one heating season. In addition a study of the energy savings was performed concurrently.
Holcomb, S.; Lillemo, K.W.
Aerogel Impregnated Polyurethane Piping and Duct Insulation David M. Hess InnoSense LLC firstname.lastname@example.com, 310-530-2011 April 4, 2013 2 | Building Technologies Office...
Metal-insulator transition in holography
We exhibit an interaction-driven metal-insulator quantum phase transition in a holographic model. Use of a helical lattice enables us to break translation invariance while preserving homogeneity. The metallic phase is characterized by a sharp Drude peak and a d.c. resistivity that increases with temperature. In the insulating phase the Drude spectral weight is transferred into a `mid-infrared' peak and to energy scales of order the chemical potential. The d.c. resistivity now decreases with temperature. In the metallic phase, operators breaking translation invariance are irrelevant at low energy scales. In the insulating phase, translation symmetry breaking effects are present at low energies. We find the near horizon extremal geometry that captures the insulating physics.
Aristomenis Donos; Sean A. Hartnoll
Phosphorylation based insulation devices design and implementation
This thesis presents the analysis of a phosphorylation based insulation device implemented in Saccharomyces cerevisae and the minimization of the retroactivity to the input and retroactivity to the output of a single cycle ...
Rivera Ortiz, Phillip M. (Phillip Michael)
Charge Friedel oscillations in a Mott insulator
When a metal undergoes a transition to an insulator it will lose its electronic Fermi surface. Interestingly, in some situations a �ghost� Fermi surface of electrically neutral spin carrying fermions may survive into the ...
Mross, David Fabian
Nonlinear boundary value problem of magnetic insulation
On the basis of generalization of upper and lower solution method to the singular two point boundary value problems, the existence theorem of solutions for the system, which models a process of magnetic insulation in plasma is proved.
A. V. Sinitsyn
Install Removable Insulation on Valves and Fittings
This revised ITP tip sheet on installing removable insulation on valves and fittings provides how-to advice for improving the system using low-cost, proven practices and technologies.
Air leakage of Insulated Concrete Form houses
Air leakage has been shown to increase building energy use due to additional heating and cooling loads. Although many construction types have been examined for leakage, an exploration of a large number of Insulated Concrete ...
Durschlag, Hannah (Hanna Rebekah)
Urea formaldehyde foam insulation: defusing a timebomb
With the onset of the energy crisis in the 1970's, thousands of homeowners insulated their homes with Urea Formaldehyde Foam Insulation (UFFI). The discovery that UFFI releases formaldehyde, a carcinogen and irritant, prompted various state and federal responses to this problem. This Note reviews those responses and concludes that a ban on the sale of UFFI, coupled with a removal and repurchase program, is the most effective solution from the standpoint of consumer health.
Fox, E.M.
Thermal treatment wall
A thermal treatment wall emplaced to perform in-situ destruction of contaminants in groundwater. Thermal destruction of specific contaminants occurs by hydrous pyrolysis/oxidation at temperatures achievable by existing thermal remediation techniques (electrical heating or steam injection) in the presence of oxygen or soil mineral oxidants, such as MnO.sub.2. The thermal treatment wall can be installed in a variety of configurations depending on the specific objectives, and can be used for groundwater cleanup, wherein in-situ destruction of contaminants is carried out rather than extracting contaminated fluids to the surface, where they are to be cleaned. In addition, the thermal treatment wall can be used for both plume interdiction and near-wellhead in-situ groundwater treatment. Thus, this technique can be utilized for a variety of groundwater contamination problems.
Aines, Roger D. (Livermore, CA); Newmark, Robin L. (Livermore, CA); Knauss, Kevin G. (Livermore, CA)
United Nations Foundation Feed | Open Energy Information
Feed Feed Jump to: navigation, search Home | About | Inventory | Partnerships | Capacity Building | Webinars | Reports | Events | News | List Serve CLEAN Member Feeds Center for Environment and National Security at Scripps Centro de Energías Renovables (CER) The Children's Investment Fund Foundation (CIFF) Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) Climate Technology Initiative (CTI) ClimateWorks Foundation Coalition for Rainforest Nations (CfRN) Ecofys Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) Energy Sector Management Assistance Program of the World Bank (ESMAP) Environment and Development Action in the Third World (ENDA-TM) German Aerospace Center (DLR) German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ) Global Village Energy Partnership (GVEP) Information for Development Program (infoDev)
CleanTX Foundation | Open Energy Information
CleanTX Foundation CleanTX Foundation Address 3925 W Braker Lane Place Austin, Texas Zip 78759 Region Texas Area Notes Promotes entrepreneurship in the field of clean technology, by providing educational forums, content, awareness and networking opportunities Website http://cleantx.org/ Coordinates 30.396989°, -97.735768° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":30.396989,"lon":-97.735768,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Expert Meeting Report: Foundations Research Results
Foundations Research Results Foundations Research Results C. Ojczyk, P. Huelman, and J. Carmody NorthernSTAR May 2013 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, subcontractors, or affiliated partners makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement,
Insulation for New Home Construction | Department of Energy
Insulation for New Home Construction Insulation for New Home Construction Insulation for New Home Construction June 20, 2012 - 7:59pm Addthis Planning carefully for insulation results in reduced utility bills and superior comfort during the life of the home. In this house, raised heel trusses accommodate R-60 insulation. | Credit: Paul Norton, NREL. Planning carefully for insulation results in reduced utility bills and superior comfort during the life of the home. In this house, raised heel trusses accommodate R-60 insulation. | Credit: Paul Norton, NREL. What does this mean for me? Adding extra insulation in a new home is more cost-effective than retrofitting insulation after the home is completed. Insulation is a key component of the systems that work together to create a comfortable, energy-efficient home that is affordable to heat and
Topological Insulators and Superconductors from String Theory
Topological insulators and superconductors in different spatial dimensions and with different discrete symmetries have been fully classified recently, revealing a periodic structure for the pattern of possible types of topological insulators and supercondutors, both in terms of spatial dimensions and in terms of symmetry classes. It was proposed that K-theory is behind the periodicity. On the other hand, D-branes, a solitonic object in string theory, are also known to be classified by K-theory. In this paper, by inspecting low-energy effective field theories realized by two parallel D-branes, we establish a one-to-one correspondence between the K-theory classification of topological insulators/superconductors and D-brane charges. In addition, the string theory realization of topological insulators and superconductors comes naturally with gauge interactions, and the Wess-Zumino term of the D-branes gives rise to a gauge field theory of topological nature, such as ones with the Chern-Simons term or the $\\theta$-term in various dimensions. This sheds light on topological insulators and superconductors beyond non-interacting systems, and the underlying topological field theory description thereof. In particular, our string theory realization includes the honeycomb lattice Kitaev model in two spatial dimensions, and its higher-dimensional extensions. Increasing the number of D-branes naturally leads to a realization of topological insulators and superconductors in terms of holography (AdS/CFT).
Shinsei Ryu; Tadashi Takayanagi
Dylan Jones, President & CEO Canada West Foundation
's Crude Oil and North American Demand in 2011 Source: CAPP, EIA, Statistics Canada #12;US oil production and overseas crude oil prices. Sources: US EIA, CERI, Canada West Foundation. 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Jul-07 Jan-08 Jul-08 Jan-09 Jul-09 Jan-10 Jul-10 Jan-11 Jul-11 Jan-12 Jul-12 US$/b Crude Oil Benchmark
Peak, Derek
Radiation Damping of Shallow Foundations on Nonlinear Soil Medium
to the reduction of radiation damping due to soil yielding.since the reduced radiation damping at foundation level will2007 Paper No. 1150 RADIATION DAMPING OF SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS
Zhang, Jian; Tang, Yuchuan
BNL | Joseph S. Wall
Joseph S. Wall Joseph S. Wall Emeritus Research Interests Mass mapping of unstained biological molecules with the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), particularly assemblies of complexes from subunits of known size and shape. Examples include: Alzheimer's filaments, viral capsids, annelid hemoglobins, hemocyanins, proteases, chaperonins, microtubule proteins, prions and various nucleic acid-protein complexes. Another research area is instrument development involving design and construction of an instrument for low-temperture, energy loss spectroscopy, and elemental mapping at low dose. This is being used to map phosphorus in nucleic acid-protein complexes, phosphorylated proteins and phospholipid structures. He also is director of the Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope STEM
Experimental study of a fiber absorber-suppressor modified Trombe wall
An experimental study has been conducted to ascertain the effects of introducing fiber bed absorbers on Trombe wall passive solar collectors. Two identical, Trombe wall passive solar units were constructed that incorporate the basic components of masonry collector-storage walls: glazings, masonry and thermal insulation. Both units were extensively instrumented with thermocouples and heat flux transducers. Ambient temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and insolation are also measured. In the first part of the study the two Trombe wall units were tested with a single glass cover. The thermal performance of both units was found to be virtually identical. In the second part of the study a single cover Trombe wall unit was compared with a double cover unit and the latter was found to have higher air gap and masonry wall temperatures and heat fluxes. In the final phase of the experiment, an absorbing, scattering and emitting fiberglass-like material was placed in the air gap of the single gazed wall. Tests were conducted to compare the solar-thermal performance, heat loss and gain characteristics between the units with and without the fiber absorber-suppressor. This experiment showed that the fiber bed served to decouple the wall at night from its exterior environment and to reduce the heat losses. The modified Trombe wall with the fiber absorber-suppressor out-performed the double glazed Trombe wall system by approximately ten percent gain in useable thermal energy. Also, the fiber bed eliminates one glazing thereby reducing system cost as well.
Choudhury, D; Birkebak, R C
Environmental and Corrosion Effects on Reinforced Concrete Foundations
The large number of transmission structures with concrete foundations that the electric industry maintains makes it important to develop efficient ways to monitor their condition and remediate damage, especially since the largest population of concrete foundations is 20-40 years old; and almost 40 of foundations are more than 40 years old. This report discusses the environmental and corrosion effects that affect steel-reinforced concrete foundations, including problems caused by poor construction, freezi...
Affordable Cold Climate Infill Housing with Hybrid Insulation Approach, Wyandotte, Michigan (Fact Sheet)
Even builders who are relatively new to energy-efficient construction can consistently reach a target whole house airtightness of 1.5 air changes per hour at 50 Pascals (ACH50) with high R-value enclosures that use a hybrid insulation approach. The City of Wyandotte, Michigan, started a construction program in 2010 to build affordable, energy-efficient homes on lots in existing neighborhoods. A goal of the program was to engage local builders in energy-efficient construction and be able to deliver the new houses for less than $100/ft2. By the end of 2012, approximately 25 new houses were built by five local builders under this program. To help builders consistently achieve the airtightness target, a local architect worked with researchers from Building Science Corporation, a U.S. Department of Energy Building America team, to develop a technology specification with several key pieces. A high R-value wall and roof assembly made use of 2 ?6 advanced framing and a hybrid insulation approach that included insulating sheathing to control thermal bridging and closed cell spray polyurethane foam insulation (ccSPF) for its airtightness and vapor control benefits. This approach allows the air barrier to be completed and tested before any finishing work occurs, ensuring that problems are spotted and corrected early in the construction process.
Metzger, C.; Lukachko, A.; Grin, A.; Bergey, D.
Detailed thermal performance data on conventional and highly insulating window systems
Data on window heat-transfer properties (U-value and shading coefficient (SC)) are usually presented only for a few window designs at specific environmental conditions. With the introduction of many new window glazing configurations (using low-emissivity coatings and gas fills) and the interest in their annual energy performance, it is important to understand the effects of window design parameters and environmental conditions on U and SC. This paper discusses the effects of outdoor temperature, wind speed, insolation, surface emittance, and gap width on the thermal performance of both conventional and highly insulating windows. Some of these data have been incorporated into the fenestration chapter of the ''ASHRAE Handbook - 1985 Fundamentals.'' The heat-transfer properties of multiglazed insulating window designs are also presented. These window systems include those having (1) one or more low-emittance coatings; (2) low-conductivity gas-fill or evacuated cavities; (3) a layer of transparent silica aerogel, a highly insulating microporous material; or (4) combinations of the above. Using the detailed building energy analysis program, DOE 2.1B, we show that these systems, which all maintain high solar transmittance, can add more useful thermal energy to a space than they lose, even in a northern climate. Thus, in terms of seasonal energy flows, these fenestration systems out-perform insulated walls or roofs.
Arasteh, D.; Selkowitz, S.; Hartmann, J.
The Study on Thermal Performance and Applicability of Energy-saving Wall Materials in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zones
The hot summer and cold winter zone is a transition zone between the cold zone and hot zone, sweltering in summer and chilly in winter, of which climate is worse. In recent years, with people's raised requirements on indoor living environments, the energy consumption of buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone has been greatly increased. However, the thermal performance of walls in this zone is worse, and thus a mass of energy is wasted. This paper thoroughly analyzes and compares some energy-saving wall materials and thermal insulation systems used in projects in general, according to the climate in the zone combined with the design standard for the walls of residential buildings in the hot summer and cold winter zone. The results indicate that reasonably selecting the applicable wall materials and thermal insulation systems according to the local energy consumption characteristics could optimize resource utilization and have a positive effect on energy efficiency.
Ren, W.; Lan, M.; Hao, Y.
10-22-09 TEXAS A&M RESEARCH FOUNDATION EMAIL & FAX APPROVAL AUTHORIZATION This form serves as authorization for the Texas A&M Research Foundation to accept approvals for invoices and project payroll expenses by email or fax. I understand that by using this process the Texas A&M Research Foundation
TEXAS A&M RESEARCH FOUNDATION FAX & EMAIL APPROVAL AUTHORIZATION This form serves as authorization for the Texas A&M Research Foundation to accept approvals by fax or email for invoices, travel, and/or payroll expenses. I understand that by using this method, the Texas A&M Research Foundation will process payments
Building America Top Innovations Hall of Fame Profile Basement Insulation Systems
Efficient Efficient and durable construction practices are critical for basements because basements can account for 10% to 30% of a home's total heat loss and provide significant risk of moisture problems due to extensive cold surfaces at the walls and slab. BUILDING AMERICA TOP INNOVATIONS HALL OF FAME PROFILE INNOVATIONS CATEGORY: 1. Advanced Technologies and Practices 1.1 Building Science Solutions Basement Insulation Systems Building America research has provided essential guidance for one of the most challenging construction assemblies in cold-climate high-performance homes. Basements can easily develop mold, rot, and odor problems if not designed properly. Building America researchers have investigated basement insulation systems that keep the space dry, healthy, and odor-free. These systems effectively address the
Hygric Redistribution in Insulated Assemblies: Retrofitting Residential Envelopes Without Creating Moisture Issues
The Building America program has recognized that most of the current housing stock is in need of energy related retrofits. One of the best ways of reducing the space conditioning energy consumption is to improve the thermal performance of the enclosure by adding exterior board foam insulation. This report quantifies the amount of water that can become trapped in the drainage cavity of typical wall systems, and measures the effect of water trapped in the drainage cavity on the moisture content of the sheathing. This study also attempts to explain the discrepancy between hygrothermal simulations and field performance of low permeance, low R-value exterior insulation (e.g. 3/4-in. foil faced polyisocyanurate) in cold climates.
Smegal, J.; Lstiburek, J.
Modeling PCM-Enhanced Insulation System and Benchmarking EnergyPlus against Controlled Field Data
Phase-change materials (PCM) used in building envelopes appear to be a promising technology to reduce energy consumption and reduce/shift peak load. However, due to complexity in modeling the dynamic behavior of PCMs, current modeling tools either lack an accurate way of predicting the performance and impact of PCMs in buildings or validation of predicted or measured performance is not available. This paper presents a model of a PCM-enhanced dynamic-insulation system in EnergyPlus (E+) and compares the simulation results against field-measured data. Laboratory tests to evaluate thermal properties and to characterize the PCM and PCM-enhanced cellulose insulation system are also presented in this paper. Results indicate that the predicted daily average heat flux through walls from the E+ simulation was within 9% of field measured data. Future analysis will allow us to predict annual energy savings from the use of PCM in buildings.
Shrestha, Som S [ORNL; Miller, William A [ORNL; Stovall, Therese K [ORNL; Desjarlais, Andre Omer [ORNL; Childs, Kenneth W [ORNL; Porter, Wallace D [ORNL; Bhandari, Mahabir S [ORNL; Coley, Steven J [ORNL
The Insulation Energy Appraisal Assessing the True Value of Insulated System
Insulation remains a seriously under-utilized technology in the manufacturing and industrial sectors of the economy even though its role in energy efficiency and environmental preservation is clear. The objective of the presentation is to educate the audience about the enormous savings potential of insulation in terms of reduced energy costs, improved process control, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, noise control and personnel protection. In addition, the presentation will introduce the audience to a new energy management tool designed to help facility/energy managers understand the true dollar and performance value of insulation- the Insulation Energy Appraisal Program. The program has achieved tremendous success with all classes sold out to date. The presentation will highlight various components of the intensive 2-day training program which teaches an appraiser how to: evaluate the thermal performance of insulated versus uninsulated piping and equipment; translate Btu losses into actual dollars; and calculate greenhouse gas emissions.
Schell, S.
Towards Ontological Foundations for Agent Modeling Concepts using
Abstract: Foundational ontologies provide the basic concepts upon which any domain-specific ontology is built. This paper presents a new foundational ontology, UFO, and shows how it can be used as a foundation of agent concepts and for evaluating agent-oriented modeling methods. UFO is derived from a synthesis of two other foundational ontologies, GFO/GOL and OntoClean/DOLCE. While their main areas of application are the natural sciences and linguistics/cognitive engineering, respectively, the main purpose of UFO is to provide a foundation for conceptual modeling, including agentoriented modeling. 1
Giancarlo Guizzardi; Gerd Wagner
Ground resistance of concrete foundations in substation yards
The reinforced concrete foundations in a substation yard have extensive reinforcing steel which is in metallic connection with the laid ground conductor. The foundations may contribute significantly to the dissipation of the fault and leakage currents. Simple to use equations and graphs are presented in this paper to determine the ground resistance of various types of foundations encountered in substation yards. The validity of the analytical approach has been verified with scale model tests. The ground resistance of the foundations estimated as suggested in the paper can be used to evaluate the role of the foundations as grounding element.
Thapar, B.; Ferrer, O. (Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (USA)); Blank, D.A. (Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR (USA))
Validation of the thermal effect of roof with the Spraying and green plants in an insulated building
of the insulation efficiency of the RC building. Windfor an RC building with a high degree of insulation in thebuildings have insulating material to provide thermal insulation
Zhou, Nan; Gao, Weijun; Nishida, Masaru; Ojima, Toshio
Adding Insulation to an Existing Home | Department of Energy
Adding Insulation to an Existing Home Adding Insulation to an Existing Home Adding Insulation to an Existing Home May 23, 2013 - 1:44pm Addthis Adding insulation in an existing home saves money and improves comfort. | Photo courtesy of Dennis Schroeder, NREL. Adding insulation in an existing home saves money and improves comfort. | Photo courtesy of Dennis Schroeder, NREL. What does this mean for me? Adding insulation to your home saves money and improves comfort. Adding insulation to your home is a sound investment that is likely pay for itself quickly in reduced utility bills. Insulation inhibits heat flow through the building envelope of your home, saving money and improving comfort. Unless your home was specially constructed for energy efficiency, you can probably reduce your energy bills by adding more insulation. Many older
Thermal Impact of Fasteners in High-Performance Wood-Framed Walls: Preprint
Buildings are heavy consumers of energy, and residential building design is rapidly addressing topics to maximize energy conservation en route to net-zero energy consumption. Annual energy analysis of a building informs the choice among disparate energy measures, for cost, durability, occupant comfort, and whole-house energy use. Physics-based and empirical models of elements of a building are used in such analyses. High-performance wood-framed walls enable builders to construct homes that use much less than 40% of the energy consumed by similar homes built to minimum code. Modeling for these walls has considered physical features such as framing factor, insulation and framing properties, roughness and convective effects, and air leakage. The thermal effects of fasteners used to construct these walls have not been fully evaluated, even though their thermal conductivity is orders of magnitudes higher than that of other building materials. Drywall screws and siding nails are considered in this finite element thermal conductivity analysis of wall sections that represent wood-framed walls that are often used in high-performance homes. Nails and screws reduce even the best walls' insulating performance by approximately 3% and become increasingly significant as the framing factor increases.
Christensen, D.
Flipping Photoelectron Spins in Topological Insulators
Flipping Photoelectron Spins in Topological Insulators Print Flipping Photoelectron Spins in Topological Insulators Print Inherently strange crystalline materials called 3D topological insulators (TIs) are all the rage in materials science. This new phase of condensed matter is an insulator in the bulk, yet behaves like a metal on its surface, even at room temperature. The electrons that flow swiftly across the surfaces of TIs are "spin polarized", meaning the electron's spin is locked to its momentum, perpendicular to the direction of travel. These electronic states already promise many uses, but ALS researchers working at Beamline 4.0.3 with a team from Berkeley Lab and the University of California, Berkeley have just made an unexpected discovery about TIs that will broaden their possible range of applications: when hit with a photon beam, the spin polarization of the electrons they emit (in a process called photoemission) can be completely controlled in three dimensions, simply by tuning the polarization of the incident light. This strong effect was not what had been assumed about photoemission from topological insulators, or any other material. Controlling the interaction of polarized light and photoelectron spin opens a wide range of possibilities for TIs.
Flipping Photoelectron Spins in Flipping Photoelectron Spins in Topological Insulators Flipping Photoelectron Spins in Topological Insulators Print Tuesday, 23 April 2013 10:00 Inherently strange crystalline materials called 3D topological insulators (TIs) are all the rage in materials science. This new phase of condensed matter is an insulator in the bulk, yet behaves like a metal on its surface, even at room temperature. The electrons that flow swiftly across the surfaces of TIs are "spin polarized", meaning the electron's spin is locked to its momentum, perpendicular to the direction of travel. These electronic states already promise many uses, but ALS researchers working at Beamline 4.0.3 with a team from Berkeley Lab and the University of California, Berkeley have just made an unexpected discovery about TIs that will broaden their possible range of applications: when hit with a photon beam, the spin polarization of the electrons they emit (in a process called photoemission) can be completely controlled in three dimensions, simply by tuning the polarization of the incident light. This strong effect was not what had been assumed about photoemission from topological insulators, or any other material. Controlling the interaction of polarized light and photoelectron spin opens a wide range of possibilities for TIs.
Tool for cutting insulation from electrical cables
This invention is an efficient hand tool for precisely slitting the sheath of insulation on an electrical cable--e.g., a cable two inches in diameter--in a manner facilitating subsequent peeling or stripping of the insulation. The tool includes a rigid frame which is slidably fitted on an end section of the cable. The frame carries a rigidly affixed handle and an opposed, elongated blade-and-handle assembly. The blade-and-handle assembly is pivotally supported by a bracket which is slidably mounted on the frame for movement toward and away from the cable, thus providing an adjustment for the depth of cut. The blade-and-handle assembly is mountable to the bracket in two pivotable positions. With the assembly mounted in the first position, the tool is turned about the cable to slit the insulation circumferentially. With the assembly mounted in the second position, the tool is drawn along the cable to slit the insulation axially. When cut both circumferentially and axially, the insulation can easily be peeled from the cable.
Harless, Charles E. (Metropolis, IL); Taylor, Ward G. (Vienna, IL)
Engineering the fusion reactor first wall
Recently the National Academy of Engineering published a set of Grand Challenges in Engineering in which the second item listed was entitled 'Provide energy from fusion'. Clearly a key component of this challenge is the science and technology associated with creating and maintaining burning plasmas. This is being vigorously addressed with both magnetic and inertial approaches with various experiments such as ITER and NIF. Considerably less attention is being given to another key component of this challenge, namely engineering the first wall that will contain the burning plasma. This is a daunting problem requiring technologies and materials that can not only survive, but also perform multiple essential functions in this extreme environment. These functions are (1) shield the remainder of the device from radiation. (2) convert of neutron energy to useful heat and (3) breed and extract tritium to maintain the reactor fuel supply. The first wall must not contaminate the plasma with impurities. It must be infused with cooling to maintain acceptable temperatures on plasma facing and structural components. It must not degrade. It must avoid excessive build-up of tritium on surfaces, and, if surface deposits do form, must be receptive to cleaning techniques. All these functions and constraints must be met while being subjected to nuclear and thermal radiation, particle bombardment, high magnetic fields, thermal cycling and occasional impingement of plasma on the surface. And, operating in a nuclear environment, the first wall must be fully maintainable by remotely-operated manipulators. Elements of the first wall challenge have been studied since the 1970' s both in the US and internationally. Considerable foundational work has been performed on plasma facing materials and breeding blanket/shield modules. Work has included neutronics, materials fabrication and joining, fluid flow, tritium breeding, tritium recovery and containment, energy conversion, materials damage and magnetohydrodynamics. While work to date has been quite valuable, no blanket concept has been built and operated in anything approaching a realistic fusion reactor environment. Rather, work has been limited to isolated experiments on first wall components and paper studies. The need now is to complete necessary R&D on first wall components, assemble components into a practical design, and test the first wall in a realistic fusion environment. Besides supporting work, major prototype experiments could be performed in non-nuclear experiments, as part of the ITER project and as part of the Component Test Facility. The latter is under active consideration and is a proposed machine which would use a driven plasma to expose an entire first wall to a fusion environment. Key US contributors to first wall research have been UCLA, UCSD, U of Wisconsin, LANL, ORNL, PNNL, Argonne and Idaho National Lab. Current efforts have been coordinated by UCLA. It is recognized that when this work progresses to a larger scale, leadership from a national laboratory will be required. LANL is well-prepared to provide such leadership.
Wurden, Glen [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Scott, Willms [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Sandia National Laboratories: Research: Research Foundations: Nanodevices
Nanodevices and Microsystems Nanodevices and Microsystems Microsystems-enabled photovoltaics, also known as solar glitter To enable new and increasingly powerful macrosystem capabilities for critical national systems, the Nanodevices and Microsystems Research Foundation works to increase understanding of physical phenomena across the quantum- to microscale continuum, create novel nano- and microscale devices, achieve new methods of integration, and realize novel microsystems-based complex systems. Why our work matters Microelectronic circuits have a strong history of dramatically improving the performance, functionality, and reliability of national security platforms. Adding microscale sensors, photonics, and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) to such platforms enables even further improvements to ensure a more robust national security profile.
Buildings Energy Data Book: 5.1 Building Materials/Insulation
Buildings Energy Data Book (EERE)
2 Industry Use Shares of Mineral Fiber (GlassWool) Insulation (1) 1997 1999 2001 2003 2004 2005 Insulating Buildings (2) Industrial, Equipment, and Appliance Insulation Unknown...
Method for minimizing contaminant particle effects in gas-insulated electrical apparatus
Electrical breakdown of a gas insulator in high voltage apparatus is preved by placing an electrical insulative coating on contaminant particles in the gas insulator.
Pace, Marshall O. (Knoxville, TN); Adcock, James L. (Knoxville, TN); Christophorou, Loucas G. (Oak Ridge, TN)
Predictive clothing insulation model based on outdoor air and indoor operative temperatures
2012) Predictive clothing insulation model based on outdoorPredictive clothing insulation model based on outdoor airpredictive models of clothing insulation have been developed
Schiavon, Stefano; Lee, Kwang Ho
Influence of two dynamic predictive clothing insulation models on building energy performance
Predictive Clothing Insulation Models on Building Energyunnecessarily higher clothing insulation and lower heatingthat the constant clothing insulation assumption lead to the
Lee, Kwang Ho; Schiavon, Stefano
Dynamic predictive clothing insulation models based on outdoor air and indoor operative temperatures
predictive clothing insulation models based on outdoor airrange of the clothing insulation calculated for eachbuilding). Figure 8 Clothing insulation versus dress code [
Clothing Insulation Models on Building Energy Use, HVACClothing Insulation Models on Building Energy Performance K.insulation variation should be captured during the building
Evaluation of concrete masonry unit walls for lateral natural phenomena hazards loads
Older single-story facilities (Pre-1985 vintage) are commonly constructed of structural steel framing with concrete masonry unit (CMU) walls connected to columns and roof girders of the steel framing system. The CMU walls are designed for lateral wind and seismic loads (perpendicular to the wall) and transmit shear loads from the roof diaphragm to the foundation footings. The lateral loads normally govern their design. The structural framing system and the roof diaphragm system are straight forward when analyzing or upgrading the structure for NPH loads. Because of a buildings design vintage, probable use of empirical methodology, and poor design basis documentation (and record retention); it is difficult to qualify or upgrade CMU walls for lateral Natural Phenomena Hazards (NPH) loads in accordance with References 1, 2 and 3. This paper discusses three analytical approaches and/or techniques (empirical, working stress and yield line) to determine the collapse capacity of a laterally loaded CMU wall, and compares their results
Faires, W.E. Jr.
Wall conditions in ORMAK
From surface effects in controlled thermonuclear fusion devices and reactors meeting; Argonne, Illnois, USA (10 Jan 1974). ORMAK is a diffuse toroidal pinch with typical plasma currents of 100 kA, electron temperatures of 800 eV, and ion temperatures of 300 eV. The walls of the plasma region are made of stainless steel coated with an intermediate layer of platinum 0.05 mu thick and an outer 1 to 2 mu layer of gold. Tests with an Ion Microprobe Mass Analyzer have shown that the platinum acts to decrease diffusion of impurities from the stalnless steel to the surface. Gold was chosen to inhibit the surface chemical adsorption of gases. Studies with a movable limiter indicate that electron energy is lost at the plasma edge mainly via line radiation and cooling on ions, while ions are lost from the plasma by charge exchange. Thus the walls are bombarded by energetic neutrals, line radiation and, in addition, bremsstrahlung x-rays. The flux of energetic neutrals is measured by a charge exchange analyzer. Wall bombardment by such neutrals should cause sputtering, and gold has been observed spectroscopically near the limiter, increasing with time during a shot, However, analysis of impurities coated on a window by the discharge indicated very little gold sputtering and re-deposition. To measure the sputterirg rate, a wall sample was coated with 105 A of radioactive gold and bombarded with neutrals from ORMAK during a day's run. No measurable sputtering was found within the counting statistics of the measurement, but surface carbon contamination of the sample prevented any final conclusions. (auth)
Colchin, R.J.; Berry, L.A.; Haste, G.R.; Kelley, G.G.; Lyon, J.F.; McNally, J.R.; Murakami, M.; Neidigh, R.V.; Simpkins, J.E.; Wing, W.R.
Studies Bolster Promise of Topological Insulators
Studies Bolster Promise of Studies Bolster Promise of Topological Insulators Studies Bolster Promise of Topological Insulators Print Tuesday, 27 November 2012 00:00 A few years ago, a strange new material began to drive research in condensed-matter physics around the world. First theorized and then discovered by researchers at Berkeley Lab and their colleagues in other institutions, these "strong 3D topological insulators"-TIs for short-are seemingly mundane semiconductors with startling properties. Not only are they promising materials for energy-conserving electronic applications, they provide a fascinating medium for possibly observing still-theoretical particles that could play a major role in quantum computing. Two angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies recently performed at ALS Beamline 12.0.1 improve the prospects for the practical application of TIs in advanced devices.
Studies Bolster Promise of Topological Insulators Print Studies Bolster Promise of Topological Insulators Print A few years ago, a strange new material began to drive research in condensed-matter physics around the world. First theorized and then discovered by researchers at Berkeley Lab and their colleagues in other institutions, these "strong 3D topological insulators"-TIs for short-are seemingly mundane semiconductors with startling properties. Not only are they promising materials for energy-conserving electronic applications, they provide a fascinating medium for possibly observing still-theoretical particles that could play a major role in quantum computing. Two angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies recently performed at ALS Beamline 12.0.1 improve the prospects for the practical application of TIs in advanced devices.
Frostbite Theater - Liquid Nitrogen Experiments - Insulators!
Popping Film Canisters! Popping Film Canisters! Previous Video (Popping Film Canisters!) Frostbite Theater Main Index Next Video (Liquid Nitrogen Show!) Liquid Nitrogen Show! Insulators! Cups full of water are placed into bowls of liquid nitrogen! Which cup will insulate the best? [ Show Transcript ] Announcer: Frostbite Theater presents... Cold Cuts! No baloney! Joanna and Steve: Just science! Joanna: Hi! I'm Joanna! Steve: And I'm Steve! Joanna: And this is a container of liquid nitrogen! Steve: And these are two plastic cups! Joanna: Let's see which cup is the better insulator! Steve: Okay! So, um, how do we do that? Joanna: Well, we'll pour water into each of the cups and then we'll pour the liquid nitrogen into each of the bowls. If we then place the cup in the bowl, the heat from the water will try to pass through the cup into the
An Insulating Breakthrough | Advanced Photon Source
Science Highlights Archives: 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 Science Highlights Archives: 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 2001 | 2000 | 1998 | Subscribe to APS Science Highlights rss feed An Insulating Breakthrough JANUARY 8, 2007 Bookmark and Share Tungsten Diselenide A new insulating material with the lowest thermal conductivity ever measured for a fully dense solid has been created at the University of Oregon (UO) and tested at the XOR/UNI 33-BM beamline at the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne. The research was carried out by collaborators from the UO, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and Argonne. While far from having immediate application, the principles involved, once understood, could lead to improved insulation for a wide variety of uses,
Gaseous insulators for high voltage electrical equipment
Gaseous insulators comprise compounds having high attachment cross sections for electrons having energies in the 0-1.3 electron volt range. Multi-component gaseous insulators comprise compounds and mixtures having overall high electron attachment cross sections in the 0-1.3 electron volt range and moderating gases having high cross sections for inelastic interactions with electrons of energies 1-4 electron volts. Suitable electron attachment components include hexafluorobutyne, perfluorobutene-2, perfluorocyclobutane, perfluorodimethylcyclobutane, perfluorocyclohexene, perfluoromethylcyclohexane, hexafluorobutadiene, perfluoroheptene-1 and hexafluoroazomethane. Suitable moderating gases include N.sub.2, CO, CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2. The gaseous insulating mixture can also contain SF.sub.6, perfluoropropane and perfluorobenzene.
Christophorou, Loucas G. (Oak Ridge, TN); James, David R. (Knoxville, TN); Pace, Marshall O. (Knoxville, TN); Pai, Robert Y. (Concord, TN)
Multilayer insulation blanket, fabricating apparatus and method
An improved multilayer insulation blanket for insulating cryogenic structures operating at very low temperatures is disclosed. An apparatus and method for fabricating the improved blanket are also disclosed. In the improved blanket, each successive layer of insulating material is greater in length and width than the preceding layer so as to accommodate thermal contraction of the layers closest to the cryogenic structure. The fabricating apparatus has a rotatable cylindrical mandrel having an outer surface of fixed radius that is substantially arcuate, preferably convex, in cross-section. The method of fabricating the improved blanket comprises (a) winding a continuous sheet of thermally reflective material around the circumference of the mandrel to form multiple layers, (b) binding the layers along two lines substantially parallel to the edges of the circumference of the mandrel, (c) cutting the layers along a line parallel to the axle of the mandrel, and (d) removing the bound layers from the mandrel. 7 figs.
Gonczy, J.D.; Niemann, R.C.; Boroski, W.N.
Method of fabricating a multilayer insulation blanket
An improved multilayer insulation blanket for insulating cryogenic structures operating at very low temperatures is disclosed. An apparatus and method for fabricating the improved blanket are also disclosed. In the improved blanket, each successive layer of insulating material is greater in length and width than the preceding layer so as to accommodate thermal contraction of the layers closest to the cryogenic structure. The fabricating apparatus has a rotatable cylindrical mandrel having an outer surface of fixed radius that is substantially arcuate, preferably convex, in cross-section. The method of fabricating the improved blanket comprises (a) winding a continuous sheet of thermally reflective material around the circumference of the mandrel to form multiple layers, (b) binding the layers along two lines substantially parallel to the edges of the circumference of the mandrel, (c) cutting the layers along a line parallel to the axle of the mandrel, and (d) removing the bound layers from the mandrel.
Gonczy, John D. (Oak Lawn, IL); Niemann, Ralph C. (Downers Grove, IL); Boroski, William N. (Aurora, IL)
Is graphene in vacuum an insulator?
We present evidence, from Lattice Monte Carlo simulations of the phase diagram of graphene as a function of the Coulomb coupling between quasiparticles, that graphene in vacuum is likely to be an insulator. We find a semimetal-insulator transition at $\\alpha_g^\\text{crit} = 1.11 \\pm 0.06$, where $\\alpha_g^{} \\simeq 2.16$ in vacuum, and $\\alpha_g^{} \\simeq 0.79$ on a SiO$_2^{}$ substrate. Our analysis uses the logarithmic derivative of the order parameter, supplemented by an equation of state. The insulating phase disappears above a critical number of four-component fermion flavors $4 < N_f^{\\text{crit}} < 6$. Our data are consistent with a second-order transition.
Joaqu�n E. Drut; Timo A. L�hde
Vacuum Glazing; A Thermally Insulating Window Technology
Vacuum Glazing; A Thermally Insulating Window Technology Vacuum Glazing; A Thermally Insulating Window Technology Speaker(s): Cenk Kocer Date: May 31, 2012 - 12:00pm Location: 90-3122 Seminar Host/Point of Contact: Sunnie Lim The vacuum glazing consists of two panes of glass separated by a sub-millimetre vacuum gap. Under the action of atmospheric pressure the separation of the panes is maintained by an array of high strength spacers in the gap. The glass panes are hermetically sealed at the edge using a low melting point glass frit (solder glass). Since 1913 many have worked on a practical implementation of such a flat insulating glass structure, with success finally being reported in 1989 by Collins et al. at the University of Sydney. The purpose of this talk is to present a brief history of the vacuum glazing research at the University of Sydney, and outline in detail
Expensive Moisture/Insulation System Problems at Several Central Florida and South Texas Nursing Homes
These nursing homes were designed and built in the 80's and 90's. They experienced similar design and construction deficiencies and expensive repairs. Some of the issues to be discussed in this paper are the interactions of architectural and HVAC shortcomings that result in a synergistic increase in mold, mildew, corrosion and rot. ASHRAE 62 requires 24 hour per day toilet exhaust and fresh air. What do you do to control humidity when the A/C duty cycles when the thermostat is satisfied? There needs to be humidity control designed into the HVAC system. Architects and contractors frequently take a "head in the sand" approach to wall and attic vapor barriers. This needs to be looked at realistically. We have seen several nursing homes whose moisture/sheet rock damage was severe due to design defects that allowed free interchange of hot humid air between the attic and the space inside interior partitions. Allowing air interchange between the attic and outdoors: can cause overheating of water in pipes in attics where temperaturs reach 150� F. increases condensation due to inadequate details in mechanical insulation on ducts and pipes Vinyl wall covering is well known to be a disaster in this climate but interior decorators continue to specify it on various walls. HVAC balance needs to be considered. Frequently the kitchen exhaust design is not coordinated with the HVAC engineer. There needs to be a reasonable balance between air in and air out of the building. When air is allowed to flow through the insulation system R value is reduced to near 0. In order to prevent mold and mildew and expensive failures, along with even more expensive lawsuits, the HVAC system design and the insulation system design must be integrated.
Lotz, W. A.
Bumper wall for plasma device
Operation of a plasma device such as a reactor for controlled thermonuclear fusion is facilitated by an improved bumper wall enclosing the plasma to smooth the flow of energy from the plasma as the energy impinges upon the bumper wall. The bumper wall is flexible to withstand unequal and severe thermal shocks and it is readily replaced at less expense than the cost of replacing structural material in the first wall and blanket that surround it.
Coultas, Thomas A. (Hinsdale, IL)
Development and Testing of Insulated Drill Pipe
This project has comprised design, analysis, laboratory testing, and field testing of insulated drill pipe (IDP). This paper will briefly describe the earlier work, but will focus on results from the recently-completed field test in a geothermal well. Field test results are consistent with earlier analyses and laboratory tests, all of which support the conclusion that insulated drill pipe can have a very significant effect on circulating fluid temperatures. This will enable the use of downhole motors and steering tools in hot wells, and will reduce corrosion, deterioration of drilling fluids, and heat-induced failures in other downhole components.
Champness, T.; Finger, J.; Jacobson, R.
Vector-field domain walls
We argue that spontaneous Lorentz violation may generally lead to metastable domain walls related to the simultaneous violation of some accompanying discrete symmetries. Remarkably, such domain-wall solutions exist for spacelike Lorentz violation and do not exist for the timelike violation. Because a preferred space direction is spontaneously induced, these domain walls have no planar symmetry and produce a peculiar static gravitational field at small distances, while their long-distance gravity appears the same as for regular scalar-field walls. Some possible applications of vector-field domain walls are briefly discussed.
Chkareuli, J. L. [E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, 0177 Tbilisi, Georgia (United States); I. Chavchavadze State University, 0162 Tbilisi (Georgia); Kobakhidze, Archil [E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, 0177 Tbilisi (Georgia); School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 (Australia); Volkas, Raymond R. [School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 (Australia)
Estimating the Payback Period of Additional Insulation | Department of
the Payback Period of Additional Insulation the Payback Period of Additional Insulation Estimating the Payback Period of Additional Insulation June 24, 2012 - 1:17pm Addthis Adding insulation in the attic of an existing home often results in a favorable payback. | Photo courtesy of Lieko Earle, NREL PIX 19612. Adding insulation in the attic of an existing home often results in a favorable payback. | Photo courtesy of Lieko Earle, NREL PIX 19612. What does this mean for me? Even if you hire a contractor to do the work, adding insulation to your home will likely have an attractive payback. If you can gather the information and plug it into an equation, you can determine the payback of adding insulation to your home. Use the equation below to estimate the cost effectiveness of adding insulation in terms of the "years to payback" for savings in heating costs.
Better Buildings Neighborhood Program: EI2 Insulation Helps Anxious Pooch
EI2 Insulation EI2 Insulation Helps Anxious Pooch Find Calm in the Storm to someone by E-mail Share Better Buildings Neighborhood Program: EI2 Insulation Helps Anxious Pooch Find Calm in the Storm on Facebook Tweet about Better Buildings Neighborhood Program: EI2 Insulation Helps Anxious Pooch Find Calm in the Storm on Twitter Bookmark Better Buildings Neighborhood Program: EI2 Insulation Helps Anxious Pooch Find Calm in the Storm on Google Bookmark Better Buildings Neighborhood Program: EI2 Insulation Helps Anxious Pooch Find Calm in the Storm on Delicious Rank Better Buildings Neighborhood Program: EI2 Insulation Helps Anxious Pooch Find Calm in the Storm on Digg Find More places to share Better Buildings Neighborhood Program: EI2 Insulation Helps Anxious Pooch Find Calm in the Storm on AddThis.com...
Savings Project: Insulate Hot Water Pipes for Energy Savings...
the insulation done during new construction of a home, during other work on your water heater or pipes, or insulating the pipes yourself, is well worth the effort. In special...
Local Insulation Rebate Programs (Colorado) | Open Energy Information
called Insulate Colorado, provides rebates of 20% of the cost, up to 300, to homeowners who increase the insulation andor air sealing of their homes. This is not a...
Transport properties in the vicinity of Mott insulators
Understanding the states in the vicinity of the Mott insulator is crucial to understanding both the physics of the transition between a Mott insulating phase and a metallic phase and the physics of the cuprate high-temperature ...
Nave, Cody Patrick, 1980-
Observation of a Macroscopically Quantum-Entangled Insulator
Observation of a Macroscopically Quantum-Entangled Insulator Print It has recently been proposed that insulators with large band gaps and strong spin-orbit coupling can host a new...
Estimating the Payback Period of Additional Insulation Estimating the Payback Period of Additional Insulation Estimating the Payback Period of Additional Insulation June 24, 2012 - 1:17pm Addthis Adding insulation in the attic of an existing home often results in a favorable payback. | Photo courtesy of Lieko Earle, NREL PIX 19612. Adding insulation in the attic of an existing home often results in a favorable payback. | Photo courtesy of Lieko Earle, NREL PIX 19612. What does this mean for me? Even if you hire a contractor to do the work, adding insulation to your home will likely have an attractive payback. If you can gather the information and plug it into an equation, you can determine the payback of adding insulation to your home. Use the equation below to estimate the cost effectiveness of adding insulation in terms of the "years to payback" for savings in heating costs.
Testing of and model development for double-walled thermal tubular
Insulated tubular products have become essential for use in steam injection projects. In a steam injection project, steam is created at the surface by either steam boilers or generators. During this process, steam travels from a boiler through surface lines to the wellhead, down the wellbore to the sandface, and into the reservoir. For some projects to be an economic success, cost must be reduced and oil recoveries must be increased by reducing heat losses in the wellbore. With reduced heats losses, steam generation costs are lowered and higher quality steam can be injected into the formation. To address this need, work under this project consisted of the design and construction of a thermal flow loop, testing a double-walled tubular product that was manufactured by Inter-Mountain Pipe Company, and the development and verification of a thermal hydraulic numerical simulator for steam injection. Four different experimental configurations of the double-walled pipe were tested. These configurations included: (1) bare pipe case, (2) bare pipe case with an applied annular vacuum, (3) insulated annular pipe case, and (4) insulated annular pipe case with an applied annular vacuum. Both the pipe body and coupling were tested with each configuration. The results of the experimental tests showed that the Inter-Mountain Pipe Company double-walled pipe body achieved a 98 percent reduction in heat loss when insulation was applied to the annular portion of the pipe. The application of insulation to the annular portion of the coupling reduced the heat losses by only 6 percent. In tests that specified the use of a vacuum in the annular portion of the pipe, leaks were detected and the vacuum could not be held.
Satchwell, R.M.; Johnson, L.A. Jr.
Gas insulated transmission line having tapered particle trapping ring
A gas-insulated transmission line includes an outer sheath, an inner conductor, insulating supports and an insulating gas. A particle-trapping ring is secured to each insulating support, and it is comprised of a central portion and two tapered end portions. The ends of the particle trapping ring have a smaller diameter than the central portion of the ring, so as to enable the use of the particle trapping ring in a curved transmission line.
Cookson, Alan H. (Pittsburgh, PA)
The Private Life of Electrons in Amorphous Insulators
... The Private Life of Electrons in Amorphous Insulators. Since the twenties, it has been known that the stationary electron ...
CA Dept of Consumer Affairs, BEARHFTI - Thermal Insulation
... Density). Thermal Resistance. [01/T05] ASTM C335 Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Horizontal Pipe Insulation. [01 ...
Environmental Cycling of Cellulosic Thermal Insulation and Its ...
... cellulosic insulation industry, lengthy conditioning cycles and testing -8- ... energy using a flux profile generated during test ... and Technology, Vol. ...
Corrugated outer sheath gas-insulated transmission line
A gas-insulated transmission line includes two transmission line sections each of which are formed of a corrugated outer housing enclosing an inner high-voltage conductor disposed therein, with insulating support means supporting the inner conductor within the outer housing and an insulating gas providing electrical insulation therebetween. The outer housings in each section have smooth end sections at the longitudinal ends thereof which are joined together by joining means which provide for a sealing fixed joint.
Kemeny, George A. (Pittsburgh, PA); Cookson, Alan H. (Churchill Boro, PA)
SynFoam Structural Insulators - Programmaster.org
Currently, most non-pyrolyzing insulation materials have poor mechanical properties and only modest temperature capabilities. Powdermet's optimized�...
This final topical report details the development, experimentation and field-testing activities for a robotic asbestos pipe-insulation removal robot system developed for use within the DOE's weapon complex as part of their ER and WM program, as well as in industrial abatement. The engineering development, regulatory compliance, cost-benefit and field-trial experiences gathered through this program are summarized.
Effects of foam insulation ban far reaching
The government ban on urea-formaldehyde foam as an insulation material for homes is discussed. Resultant economic hardships are projected not only for the primary industry but for other industries using formaldehyde in their products. The loss of realty value for homeowners who used the foam is also a topic. Criteria for making the controversial ban are given. (PSB)
Hanson, D.J.
Insulation refit kit for domestic water heaters
The development, testing, and marketing of an insulation kit which homeowners could apply to gas or electric hot water heaters in order to conserve energy in water heating are described. The kit, being marketed at $20, should save 450 kWh or 3600 ft/sup 3/ of gas per year. (LCL)
Experience with 113 Retrofit Insulation Surveys
We have surveyed 113 plants for thirteen clients. The results of 21 recent surveys at today's average fuel price, show an average project scope generation of $151,000 while saving about 5MMBTU/hour with a 72% DCF rate of return. The size of the retrofit project generated, or scope, is of course sensitive to the fuel price. This is an important consideration because of the variability of fuel price. A study of the effect of fuel price on project scope generation and on return has been made using sophisticated computer programs designed for this purpose. These results indicate that scope generation may vary from $50,000 for $3.00 fuel up to $80,000 for $6.00 fuel. When this happens, the project return will increase from 100% up to 165% per year. The main problem that we have found with retrofit insulation surveys is the processing of detail in existing plants. The solution is the preparation or selection of the right system for approaching the problem utilizing computer programs. The time required to generate systematic approaches to insulation surveys and the generation of retrofit projects are sizable. The continued heat losses while studying the project are also significant. Thus, the heat losses suffered while deciding how to insulate can be sufficient to pay for an insulation survey.
Webber, W. O.
Nonlocal Edge State Transport in Topological Insulators
We use the N-terminal scheme for studying the edge state transportin in two-dimensional topological insulators. We find the universal nonlocal response in the ballistic transport approach. This macroscopic exhibition of the topological order offers new areas for applications.
Alexander P. Protogenov; Evgueni V. Chulkov; Valery A. Verbus
Laminated insulators having heat dissipation means
A laminated body is provided with heat dissipation capabilities. The insulator body is formed by dielectric layers interleaved with heat conductive layers, and bonded by an adhesive to form a composite structure. The heat conductive layers include provision for connection to an external thermal circuit.
Niemann, R.C.; Mataya, K.F.; Gonczy, J.D.
Sandia National Laboratories: Research: Research Foundations: Radiation
Radiation Effects and High Energy Density Science Radiation Effects and High Energy Density Science Rings of Saturn, Sandia's workhorse pulsed-power machine. The Radiation Effects and High Energy Density Science Research Foundation seeks to advance science and engineering in the areas of radiation effects sciences, high energy density science, and pulsed-power science and technology to address critical national security issues. Why our work matters We address several issues key to nuclear security and maintaining a safe, secure, and effective nuclear stockpile. For example, radiation effects science ensures that engineered systems are able to operate as intended in the radiation environments they encounter. In addition, high energy density science validates models that are used to certify the performance of the
In the Expert Meeting Plan, the NorthernSTAR Team proposed to host two Expert Meetings in calendar year 2011. Invitees to the meetings would include experts in the current field of study, other BA team members, and representatives from DOE and NREL. They will invite leading industry experts to present at these meetings. The Expert Meetings will focus on key systems areas that will be required to meet the Building America performance goals and shall be sufficiently narrow in scope that specific conclusions, action items, and delegation of future tasks can be identified and completed. The two expert meeting topics are 'Foundations' and 'Window Retrofit.' The first session is designed as a webinar only and the second will be a live meeting.
Ojczyk, C.; Huelman, P.; Carmody, J.
Information architecture. Volume 1, The foundations
The Information Management Planning and Architecture Coordinating Team was formed to establish an information architecture framework to meet DOE`s current and future information needs. This department- wide activity was initiated in accordance with the DOE Information Management Strategic Plan; it also supports the Departmental Strategic Plan. It recognizes recent changes in emphasis as reflected in OMB Circular A-130 and the Information Resources Management Planning Process Improvement Team recommendations. Sections of this document provides the foundation for establishing DOE`s Information Architecture: Background, Business Case (reduced duplication of effort, increased integration of activities, improved operational capabilities), Baseline (technology baseline currently in place within DOE), Vision (guiding principles for future DOE Information Architecture), Standards Process, Policy and Process Integration (describes relations between information architecture and business processes), and Next Steps. Following each section is a scenario. A glossary of terms is provided.
Method and apparatus for filling thermal insulating systems
A method for filling insulated glazing units is disclosed. The method utilizes a vacuum chamber in which the insulated glazing units are placed. The insulated glazing units and vacuum chamber are evacuated simultaneously. The units are then refilled with a low conductance gas such as Krypton while the chamber is simultaneously refilled with air.
Arasteh, Dariush K. (Oakland, CA)
A method for filling insulated glazing units is disclosed. The method utilizes a vacuum chamber in which the insulated glazing units are placed. The insulated glazing units and vacuum chamber are evacuated simultaneously. The units are then refilled with a low conductance gas such as Krypton while the chamber is simultaneously refilled with air. 3 figs.
Arasteh, D.K.
be accepted by the building department or HERS rater. SPF insulation can be considered an air barrier when be insulated. These areas shall be called out on the building plans with diagrams and/or specific designSTATE OF CALIFORNIA QUALITY INSULATION INSTALLATION FRAMING STAGE CHECKLIST CEC-CF-4R-ENV-21
Clothing Insulation Models on Building Energy Use, HVACinsulation for mechanically conditioned buildings andclothing insulation calculated for each building). Figure 8
DOE Office of Indian Energy Foundational Course on Geothermal
DOE OFFICE OF INDIAN ENERGY Foundational Courses Renewable Energy Technologies GEOTHERMAL Presented by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory Course Outline What we will cover......
Foundation Analysis and Design (FAD) Tools Version 5.1
Foundation Analysis and Design (FAD) Tools is a software package that provides for the design of transmission line foundations for single pole structures (MFAD), H-frame structures (HFAD) and steel towers (TFAD). The FAD Tools software provides for the design of drilled shafts and direct embedded poles in soil and rock for single pole foundations (MFAD), and drilled shafts and direct embedded poles in soil and rock for H-frame foundations (HFAD) and drilled shafts for steel towers (TFAD). The software ha...
NETL: News Release - Kentucky Research Foundation Signs $9 Million...
Will Make Commercial Use of Coal Combustion Byproduct WASHINGTON, DC - A team led by the University of Kentucky Research Foundation of Lexington, Ky., recently signed an agreement...
News and Update: National Science Foundation Responds to ...
National Science Foundation Responds to Terrorist Assault with Emergency Research, .... the WTC and the response of hospitals and other emergency services.
Simulation for the assessment of wall thinning using eddy current method
A pipe with protective cladding and insulation was simplified to a four-layered structure when the diameter of a pipe is large enough, and analytical solutions for sinusoidal and pulsed wave excitation were derived. Simulation implemented by using the analytical solutions showed that sinusoidal excitation is not appropriate for the monitoring of inner thinning, while pulsed eddy current method can be used to measure wall-thickness regardless of inner or outer thinning by using the decay rate of log(Bz) as a particular parameter to evaluate wall thickness.
Cheng, W.; Komura, I. [NDE Center, Japan Power Engineering and Inspection Corporation, Yokohama 230-0044 (Japan)
High-R Walls for New Construction Structural Performance: Integrated Rim Header Testing
Two prominent approaches within the Building America Program to construct higher R-value walls have included use of larger dimension framing and exterior rigid foam insulation. These approaches have been met with some success; however for many production builders, where the cost of changing framing systems is expensive, the changes have been slow to be realized. In addition, recent building code changes have raised some performance issues for exterior sheathing and raised heel trusses, for example, that indicates a need for continued performance testing for wall systems.
DeRenzis, A.; Kochkin, V.; Wiehagen, J.
Thick planar domain wall: its thin wall limit and dynamics
We consider a planar gravitating thick domain wall of the $\\lambda \\phi^4$ theory as a spacetime with finite thickness glued to two vacuum spacetimes on each side of it. Darmois junction conditions written on the boundaries of the thick wall with the embedding spacetimes reproduce the Israel junction condition across the wall in the limit of infinitesimal thickness. The thick planar domain wall located at a fixed position is then transformed to a new coordinate system in which its dynamics can be formulated. It is shown that the wall's core expands as if it were a thin wall. The thickness in the new coordinates is not constant anymore and its time dependence is given.
S. Ghassemi; S. Khakshournia; R. Mansouri
List of Equipment Insulation Incentives | Open Energy Information
Insulation Incentives Insulation Incentives Jump to: navigation, search The following contains the list of 242 Equipment Insulation Incentives. CSV (rows 1 - 242) Incentive Incentive Type Place Applicable Sector Eligible Technologies Active AEP Ohio - Commercial Energy Efficiency Rebate Program (Ohio) Utility Rebate Program Ohio Commercial Fed. Government Industrial Institutional Local Government Nonprofit Schools State Government Central Air conditioners Chillers Custom/Others pending approval Energy Mgmt. Systems/Building Controls Equipment Insulation Heat pumps Lighting Lighting Controls/Sensors Motor VFDs Motors Programmable Thermostats Refrigerators Yes AEP Public Service Company of Oklahoma - Residential Efficiency Rebate Program (Oklahoma) Utility Rebate Program Oklahoma Residential Building Insulation
Savings Project: Insulate Hot Water Pipes for Energy Savings | Department
Insulate Hot Water Pipes for Energy Savings Insulate Hot Water Pipes for Energy Savings Savings Project: Insulate Hot Water Pipes for Energy Savings Addthis Project Level Medium Energy Savings $8-$12 annually Time to Complete 3 hours for a small house Overall Cost $10-$15 Insulating water pipes can save you water, energy, and money. | Photo courtesy of iStockphoto.com/nsj-images Insulating water pipes can save you water, energy, and money. | Photo courtesy of iStockphoto.com/nsj-images Insulating your hot water pipes reduces heat loss and can raise water temperature 2°F-4°F hotter than uninsulated pipes can deliver, allowing for a lower water temperature setting. You also won't have to wait as long for hot water when you turn on a faucet or showerhead, which helps conserve water. Paying for someone to insulate your pipes-as a project on its own-may
Use of Phase Change Material in a Building Wall Assembly: A Case Study of Technical Potential in Two Climates
Phase change material (PCM), placed in an exterior wall, alters the temperature profile within the wall and thus influences the heat transport through the wall. This may reduce the net energy transport through the wall via interactions with diurnal temperature swings in the external environment or reduce the electricity needed to meet the net load through the wall by shifting the time of the peak load to a time when the cooling system operates more efficiently. This study covers a broad range of parameters that can influence the effectiveness of such a merged thermal storage-thermal insulation system. These parameters included climate, PCM location within the wall, amount of PCM, midpoint of the PCM melting and freezing range relative to the indoor setpoint temperature, temperature range over which phase change occurs, and the wall orientation. Two climates are investigated using finite difference and optimization analyses: Phoenix and Baltimore, with two utility rate schedules. Although potential savings for a PCM with optimized properties were greater when the PCM was concentrated near the inside wall surface, other considerations described here lead to a recommendation for a full-thickness application. An examination of the temperature distribution within the walls also revealed the potential for this system to reduce the amount of energy transported through the wall framing. Finally, economic benefits can exceed energy savings when time-of-day utility rates are in effect, reflecting the value of peak load reductions for the utility grid.
Childs, Kenneth W [ORNL; Stovall, Therese K [ORNL
Potential Energy Savings Due to Phase Change Material in a Building Wall Assembly: An Examination of Two Climates
Wind Pressure Resistance of Walls with Exterior Rigid Foam: Structural Performance Testing and Development of Design Specifications
Wind Pressure Resistance of Wind Pressure Resistance of Walls with Exterior Rigid Foam: Structural Performance Testing and Development of Design Specifications Building America Stakeholder Meeting February 2012 2 Gaps and Barriers Wind pressure resistance of multi- layered walls with exterior rigid foam * Performance characteristics * Capacity * Limitations * Design method * Design specification 3 Market Implications Walls with exterior rigid foam 2012 IECC - Climate Zones 3 and higher Wall systems: Claddings and their attachments Interior finishes Air sealing, air barriers Cavity insulation 4 Research Tasks Laboratory Testing of Wall Assemblies under dynamic wind pressures at the NAHB Research Center NAHB/DOE/ACC Laboratory Testing of a One-story House in IBHS Wind Tunnel Facility
Nuclear reactor insulation and preheat system
An insulation and preheat system for preselected components of a fluid cooled nuclear reactor. A gas tight barrier or compartment of thermal insulation surrounds the selected components and includes devices to heat the internal atmosphere of the compartment. An external surface of the compartment or enclosure is cooled, such as by a circulating fluid. The heating devices provide for preheating of the components, as well as maintenance of a temperature sufficient to ensure that the reactor coolant fluid will not solidify during shutdown. The external cooling limits the heat transferred to other plant structures, such as supporting concrete and steel. The barrier is spaced far enough from the surrounded components so as to allow access for remote or manual inspection, maintenance, and repair.
Wampole, Nevin C. (Latrobe, PA)
Edge Excitations in Fractional Chern Insulators
Recent theoretical works have demonstrated the realization of fractional quantum anomalous Hall states (also called fractional Chern insulators) in topological flat band lattice models without an external magnetic field. Such newly proposed lattice systems play a vital role to obtain a large class of fractional topological phases. Here we report the exact numerical studies of edge excitations for such systems in a disk geometry loaded with hard-core bosons, which will serve as a more viable experimental probe for such topologically ordered states. We find convincing numerical evidence of a series of edge excitations characterized by the chiral Luttinger liquid theory for the bosonic fractional Chern insulators in both the honeycomb disk Haldane model and the kagom\\'{e}-lattice disk model. We further verify these current-carrying chiral edge states by inserting a central flux to test their compressibility.
Wei-Wei Luo; Wen-Chao Chen; Yi-Fei Wang; Chang-De Gong
Repulsive Casimir Effect with Chern insulators
We theoretically predict that the Casimir force in vacuum between two Chern insulator plates can be repulsive (attractive) at long distances whenever the sign of the Chern numbers characterizing the two plates are opposite (equal) and can be further tuned to attraction by electrostatic doping. We calculate and take into account the full optical response of the plates and argue that such repulsion is a general phenomena for these systems as it relies on the quantized zero frequency Hall conductivity. We discuss the possibility of achieving repulsion with thin films of Cr-doped (Bi,Sb)$_2$Te$_3$, that were recently discovered to be Chern insulators with quantized Hall conductivity and point towards multi-orbital systems as a route to realize this novel phenomenon.
Pablo Rodriguez-Lopez; Adolfo G. Grushin
Third Radiation Effects Research Foundation Board of Councilors Meeting
Third Radiation Effects Research Foundation Board of Councilors Third Radiation Effects Research Foundation Board of Councilors Meeting Held in Hiroshima Third Radiation Effects Research Foundation Board of Councilors Meeting Held in Hiroshima July 22, 2013 - 4:54pm Addthis Third Radiation Effects Research Foundation Board of Councilors Meeting Held in Hiroshima The third Board of Councilors (BOC) meeting was held on June 18-19 at the Hiroshima Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF), a bi-national U.S.-Japan research organization. The BOC is the highest decision-making body at RERF, consisting of eight Councilors elected from the United States and Japan. A total of 23 participants, including 8 Councilors from the United States and Japan and officials from the U.S. and Japanese Governments, were present at the meeting. The Office of Health, Safety and
Arizona Foundation Expands Weatherization Training Center | Department of
Arizona Foundation Expands Weatherization Training Center Arizona Foundation Expands Weatherization Training Center Arizona Foundation Expands Weatherization Training Center September 22, 2010 - 10:21am Addthis Stephen Graff Former Writer & editor for Energy Empowers, EERE To an outsider, Arizona's Foundation for Senior Living (FSL) probably sounds like an organization that deals just with retired folks. But a closer look reveals a more diverse organization. Not only does the 35-year-old nonprofit perform energy upgrades for low-income residents, but in Maricopa County and the Phoenix area it also trains a good part of the weatherization workforce to do that. Expanding building science Since 2004, more than 1,450 people have completed programs at the Foundation's weatherization training center. Now, because of Weatherization
Honduras-Evaluation of Covelo Foundation DCA Guarantees | Open Energy
Honduras-Evaluation of Covelo Foundation DCA Guarantees Honduras-Evaluation of Covelo Foundation DCA Guarantees Jump to: navigation, search Name Honduras-Evaluation of Covelo Foundation DCA Guarantees Agency/Company /Organization U.S. Agency for International Development Sector Energy Topics Finance, Co-benefits assessment, Background analysis Website http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/ Country Honduras UN Region Latin America and the Caribbean References Honduras-Evaluation of Covelo Foundation DCA Guarantees[1] Background "This report presents findings and conclusions from an evaluation, carried out in March and April of 2009, of DCA guarantees used by the José Maria Covelo Foundation (FJMC) in Honduras. The evaluation sought to answer seven evaluation questions concerning the outputs, outcomes, and impact of the
Surge propagation in gas insulated substation
Surge propagation performance in a 550 kV gas insulated substation is studied experimentally and by computer simulation using the Electro-Magnetic Transients Program. Extra capacitance added to the system by the components of GIS such as potential devices, branch buses, circuit breakers deform the wave shape of the travelling surges. A simple modeling technique to represent GIS in surge analysis is proposed and its applicability is proved. Paper No. 80 SM 658-5.
Matsumura, S.; Nitta, T.
Aerogel: a transparent insulator for solar applications
Aerogel is a transparent, low density, insulating material suitable for a variety of solar applications. Significant energy savings can be realized by using aerogel for a window glazing material. Other possible applications include solar collector covers, transparent insulating jackets for direct gain passive solar devices, and situations that require both transparency and good insulation. Because silica aerogel has a low density (2 to 10% solid), it has a thermal conductivity as low as 0.014 W/m/sup 0/K without evacuation, and if evacuated, lower than 0.006 W/m/sup 0/K. It provides a clear view with only slight coloring due to its weak and nearly isotropic scattering of light. This paper describes significant progress made in the past year at our laboratory in the development of aerogel. We have improved the transparency, developed new preparation methods using less toxic materials, and initiated successful experiments in drying alcogels at near ambient temperature. Optical transmission, light scattering, and electron microscopy data show that CO/sub 2/ supercritical drying of alcogels produces aerogels similar in quality to those produced by high temperature supercritical drying. These advances make the commercial production of aerogel much more feasible.
Hunt, A.J.; Russo, R.E.; Tewari, P.H.; Lofftus, K.D.
Humidity effects on wire insulation breakdown strength.
Methods for the testing of the dielectric breakdown strength of insulation on metal wires under variable humidity conditions were developed. Two methods, an ASTM method and the twisted pair method, were compared to determine if the twisted pair method could be used for determination of breakdown strength under variable humidity conditions. It was concluded that, although there were small differences in outcomes between the two testing methods, the non-standard method (twisted pair) would be appropriate to use for further testing of the effects of humidity on breakdown performance. The dielectric breakdown strength of 34G copper wire insulated with double layer Poly-Thermaleze/Polyamide-imide insulation was measured using the twisted pair method under a variety of relative humidity (RH) conditions and exposure times. Humidity at 50% RH and below was not found to affect the dielectric breakdown strength. At 80% RH the dielectric breakdown strength was significantly diminished. No effect for exposure time up to 140 hours was observed at 50 or 80%RH.
Appelhans, Leah
Moisture Research - Optimizing Wall Assemblies
The Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings (CARB) evaluated several different configurations of wall assemblies to determine the accuracy of moisture modeling and make recommendations to ensure durable, efficient assemblies. WUFI and THERM were used to model the hygrothermal and heat transfer characteristics of these walls.
Arena, L.; Mantha, P.
Insulator coating for high temperature alloys method for producing insulator coating for high temperature alloys
A method for fabricating an electrically insulating coating on a surface is disclosed comprising coating the surface with a metal, and reacting the metal coated surface with a nonmetal so as to create a film on the metal-coated surface. Alternatively, the invention provides for a method for producing a noncorrosive, electrically insulating coating on a surface saturated with a nonmetal comprising supplying a molten fluid, dissolving a metal in the molten fluid to create a mixture, and contacting the mixture with the saturated surface. Lastly, the invention provides an electrically insulative coating comprising an underlying structural substrate coated with an oxide or nitride compound. This invention has applications to breeding blankets for fusion reactors as well as to alkali metal thermal to electric converters.
Park, J.H.
Storing, Transporting and Installing Polymer Insulators: Viewing Guide for Educational Video
Although polymer insulators (alternatively called non-ceramic insulators (NCIs) or composite insulators) are very durable, they are not indestructible. Unlike glass or ceramic insulators, damage on polymer insulators is not only difficult to identify, it's likely to get worse over time. Therefore, the storing, transporting, and installation of polymer insulators must be done with care. EPRI has developed a video specifically to educate line crews in the proper techniques for handling polymer insulators, ...
Power-installed streetlight foundations lower substation construction costs
The Alabama Power Company's power-installed streetlight foundation (SLF) saves 85% of labor costs and is practical as well as economical. After several foundation designs were tried, the multi-helix proved best for swampy terrain. A test of substation structure support began with soil testing to locate any rock on the site. Standard tubular-steel structures with modified baseplates were used. A truck-mounted derrick proved better for installation than a drill rig. Slight corrosive currents are not expected to cause appreciable deterioration to the foundation. (DCK)
Beason, D.
Super Building Insulation by CO2 Foaming Process Research Project |
Emerging Technologies » Super Building Insulation by CO2 Foaming Emerging Technologies » Super Building Insulation by CO2 Foaming Process Research Project Super Building Insulation by CO2 Foaming Process Research Project The Department of Energy is currently researching the development of building superinsulation through a carbon dioxide (CO2) foaming process. Project Description This project seeks to develop building super insulation through a carbon dioxide foaming process that does not use hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and which produces insulation with a high R-value. Project Partners Research is being undertaken between the Department of Energy and The Industrial Science & Technology Network. Project Goals The goal of this project is to develop advanced insulation without HFC, and to achieve a competitive processing cost for CO2 foaming technology.
Observation of a Macroscopically Observation of a Macroscopically Quantum-Entangled Insulator Observation of a Macroscopically Quantum-Entangled Insulator Print Wednesday, 27 May 2009 00:00 It has recently been proposed that insulators with large band gaps and strong spin-orbit coupling can host a new phase of quantum matter called a topological insulator that is characterized by entangled wavefunctions. The proposal has now been realized by an international collaboration led by researchers from Princeton University who studied the electronic structure of insulating alloys of bismuth and antimony by means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and spin-resolved ARPES. Their results constitute the first direct experimental evidence of a topological insulator in nature that is fully quantum entangled. In the future, a detailed study of topological order and quantum entanglement using their method can potentially pave the way for fault-tolerant (topological) quantum computing.
Observation of a Macroscopically Quantum-Entangled Insulator Print Observation of a Macroscopically Quantum-Entangled Insulator Print It has recently been proposed that insulators with large band gaps and strong spin-orbit coupling can host a new phase of quantum matter called a topological insulator that is characterized by entangled wavefunctions. The proposal has now been realized by an international collaboration led by researchers from Princeton University who studied the electronic structure of insulating alloys of bismuth and antimony by means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and spin-resolved ARPES. Their results constitute the first direct experimental evidence of a topological insulator in nature that is fully quantum entangled. In the future, a detailed study of topological order and quantum entanglement using their method can potentially pave the way for fault-tolerant (topological) quantum computing.
Window insulation: how to sort through the options
Options available for residential settings are discussed, including: how to identify window insulating devices that can save a significant amount of energy, including a discussion of components and types; how operating window insulating devices compares with using conventional, non-insulating window coverings; how to choose a product that can serve all the functions traditionally required of window coverings; how to avoid problems with do-it-yourself projects; and how to estimate costs and savings with window insulation. In addition, this publication provides information on window choices for new construction, and an overview of current research in window insulation. The appendices provide summaries of selected grant projects, and a reading list is presented for those who want more information on window insulation.
Miller, B.A.
Sheath insulator final test report, TFE Verification Program
The sheath insulator in a thermionic cell has two functions. First, the sheath insulator must electrically isolate the collector form the outer containment sheath tube that is in contact with the reactor liquid metal coolant. Second, The sheath insulator must provide for high uniform thermal conductance between the collector and the reactor coolant to remove away waste heat. The goals of the sheath insulator test program were to demonstrate that suitable ceramic materials and fabrication processes were available, and to validate the performance of the sheath insulator for TFE-VP requirements. This report discusses the objectives of the test program, fabrication development, ex-reactor test program, in-reactor test program, and the insulator seal specifications.
Explosion resistant insulator and method of making same
An electrical insulator assembly and method of manufacturing same, having a generally cylindrical or conical body portion formed of a breakable cast solid insulation system and a reinforcing member having a corrugated configuration and formed of a web or mesh type reinforcing fabric. When the breakable body member has been broken, the corrugated configured reinforcing web member provides a path of escape for pressurized insulating fluid while limiting the movement of body member fragments in the direction of escape of the pressurized fluid.
Meyer, Jeffry R. (Penn Hills, PA); Billings, Jr., John S. (Trafford, PA); Spindle, Harvey E. (Wilkins Township, Allegheny County, PA); Hofmann, Charles F. (Export, PA)
The Impact of Contaminated Environment on Insulator Performance
A particular weakness of outdoor substations is the external insulation. The insulation is particularly susceptible to failure if proper attention has not been given to its design, condition monitoring, and maintenance. In regions characterized by high contamination levels, regular maintenance and the application of palliative measures can be critical to ensure that the system meets its outage performance targets. This can involve pure maintenance measures such as insulator cleaning or performance-enhanc...
Electric Field Modeling of Polymer Insulators in Substations
The use of transmission line suspension class polymer insulators is increasing for a wide range of reasons including lower cost, availability, their lightweight nature, and contamination performance. The expected use of these polymer insulators is on transmission lines; thus this is the application for which manufacturers design and test the recommended corona rings. Numerous suspension polymer insulators are being applied in substations in configurations which have different geometries to the transmissi...
Ladders of Insulating Material for Live Working: Research Plan
This report outlines a planned research and test program aimed at addressing concerns from field crews regarding undesirable mechanical behavior of insulating ladders used for live work, in particular regarding ladders that have been in service for some time.� Long and spliced ladders can flex and twist, which could pose difficulties or safety issues to the worker on the ladder.�BackgroundInsulating ladders for live work are made of insulating ...
Expansion Joint Concepts for High Temperature Insulation Systems
As high temperature steam and process piping expands with heat, joints begin to open between the insulation sections, resulting in increased energy loss and possible unsafe surface temperatures. Many different expansion joint designs are presently in use for both single and double layer insulation construction. However, due to the installation cost reduction associated with single layer systems and increased thickness capabilities of insulation manufacturers, much attention is being given to utilizing single layer construction as much as possible.