text:
BMW 3 Series (E46)
BMW 3-Series (E46) | |
Pre-facelift BMW 3 Series (E46) sedan
Overview | |
Manufacturer | BMW |
Production | January 1998–February 2005 (Sedan), April 1999–November 2006 (Coupe), June 1999–July 2005 (Touring), December 1999–2007 (Cabriolet)[1] |
Model years | 1999 – 2006 |
Assembly | Leipzig, Germany Munich, Germany Regensburg, Germany Toluca, Mexico Rosslyn, South Africa[1] 6th of October City, Egypt[2] Kaliningrad, Russia (Avtotor)[3] Shenyang, China (Brilliance)[4] Jakarta, Indonesia (Gaya Motor) (1999–2004) |
Designer | Erik Goplen (design concept: 1993, 1995; coupe/cabriolet: 1996; touring: 1997) Christopher Bangle (sedan: 1995) |
Body and chassis | |
Class | Compact executive car |
Body style | 2-door coupé 2-door convertible 4-door sedan 5-door station wagon 3-door hatchback |
Layout | Front engine, rear-wheel drive / All-wheel drive |
Related | BMW M3 BMW X3 (E83) |
Powertrain | |
Engine | 1.8L I4 16-valve 1.9L I4 8-valve 2.0L I4 16-valve 2.0L I6 24-valve 2.2L I6 24-valve 2.5L I6 24-valve 2.8L I6 24-valve 3.0L I6 24-valve 3.2L I6 24-valve 4.0L V8 32-valve 2.0L I4 16-valve turbodiesel 2.9L I6 24-valve turbodiesel 3.0L I6 24-valve turbodiesel |
Transmission | 5-speed manual 6-speed manual 6-speed sequential manual 5-speed steptronic automatic 5-speed automatic 4-speed automatic |
Dimensions | |
Wheelbase | 107.3 in (2,725 mm) |
Length | Sedan: 176.0 in (4,470 mm) Wagon: 176.3 in (4,478 mm) Convertible & Coupe: 176.7 in (4,488 mm) |
Width | Sedan & Wagon: 68.5 in (1,740 mm) Convertible & Coupe: 69.2 in (1,758 mm) |
Height | Sedan: 55.7 in (1,415 mm) 2000-02 325i Wagon: 55.5 in (1,410 mm) 2000-02 325xi Wagon: 56.3 in (1,430 mm) Convertible: 54.0 in (1,372 mm) Coupe: 53.9 in (1,369 mm) xi Sedan: 56.5 in (1,435 mm) |
Chronology | |
Predecessor | BMW 3 Series (E36) |
Successor | BMW 3 Series (E90) |
The BMW E46 is the fourth generation of the 3 Series compact executive cars produced by BMW, produced from 1998 when it succeeded the BMW E36.
The E46 was released in May 1998 to worldwide markets in the sedan body style. In 1999, a coupé and touring body style became available to all markets, and the sedan was released in the United States. A convertible and hatchback body style was released in 2000, the latter only for Europe, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. The E46 experienced enormous success in all markets and was widely considered the performance benchmark of its class.[5] The record selling year for the E46 chassis was 2002, when 561,249 vehicles were sold worldwide.[6] The main competitors during the E46's production run were the Acura TL, Alfa Romeo 156, Audi A4, Infiniti G, Lexus IS, Mercedes-Benz C-Class, Saab 9-3 and the Volvo S60.
BMW M GmbH produced a high-performance variant of the E46 chassis, designated the M3. This version had a larger, more powerful engine, sportier suspension, a limited slip differential, and various aesthetic modifications. The M3 was released in 2001 and was available in coupé and convertible body styles. It was offered with two transmissions: a standard 6-speed manual or an optional sequential manual gearbox.
- 1 Design
- 2 Model badging
- 3 Trim levels
- 4 Initial release
- 5 Model nomenclature
- 6 Changes by Model Year
- 9 Problems
- 10 Motorsport
- 11 Gallery
- 12 Alarm for Cobra 11
- 13 References
- 14 External links
Exterior design[edit]
The E46 was developed as an evolutionary replacement for the BMW E36 chassis. In 1995, the general exterior design of the E46 by Erik Goplen was approved and as a result DesignworksUSA was contracted by BMW to work alongside BMW Group's in-house design team to create the exterior body work for the 3-Series range in February 1996.[7][8] Based on the E36 body shell, the design team put an emphasis on improving aerodynamics and increasing the car's aggressive stance.[7] Design patents were filed in Germany on July 16, 1997 and in the US on January 16, 1998.[9] While the styling of the E46 was seen as an evolution of the extremely successful previous generation 3-series, it was not immediately embraced by either the buying public, or the automotive press. Word leaked out in the press that the BMW stylists were unhappy in raising the roof-line, and the general "rounding" of the body panels in comparison to the more squarish E36 series. Chris Bangle was responsible through January 1996 for the production saloon exterior, as evident in the 1997 design patent. Production development of the saloon took 24 months from January 1996 to January 1998. Goplen designed the production coupe and estate during 1996-1997.[10][11]
Flexible electronics design[edit]
Since the start of production, the entire in-car entertainment system (Radio Function, Navigation System, Television and Telecommunications systems) is based on a very flexible automotive computer system.[12] As a result the E46 models can all be easily upgraded with the newest BMW technologies including BMW's Bluetooth System, the DVD based Navigation system, as well as BMW's CD changers that play MP3s[13]
Powertrain and engine design[edit]
An emphasis was put on reducing unsprung weight and increasing structural rigidity rather than increasing power output: the highest displacement model at release, the E46 328, had only 3 horsepower more than the E36 328.[14] To counter this small power increase, the body shell of the E46 was claimed by BMW to be 70% more rigid than the E36's,[14] and aluminum suspension components were used increasingly in order to decrease unsprung weight.[14] In tune with BMW's core values,[15] the E46 was released with a front engined rear-wheel drive layout with 50/50 weight distribution.[14][16] This balance allows for optimal handling in regard to the drive train layout.
Petrol engines[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. (March 2010) |
Model[17] | Engine | Production[18] | Volume (in cc) |
Type[19] | Power | Torque | 0–100 km/h[20] (0-62 mph) |
316i | M43TUB19 | 1998–2001 | 1895 | I4, 8v | 105 PS (77 kW; 104 bhp) | 165 N·m (122 ft·lbf) | 12.4 s |
316i/ti | N42B18 | 2001–2004 | 1796 | I4, 16v | 115 PS (85 kW; 113 bhp) | 175 N·m (129 ft·lbf) | 10.9 s |
318i/Ci | M43TUB19 | 1998–2001 | 1895 | I4, 8v | 118 PS (87 kW; 116 bhp) | 180 N·m (133 ft·lbf) | 10.4 s |
318i/Ci/ti | N42B20 | 2002–2003 | 1995 | I4, 16v | 143 PS (105 kW; 141 bhp) | 200 N·m (148 ft·lbf) | 9.3 s |
318Ci | 2005–2007 | 150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp) | 9.2 s | ||||
320i | M52TUB20 | 1998–2000 | 1991 | I6, 24v | 150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp) | 190 N·m (140 ft·lbf) | 9.9 s |
320i/Ci | M54B22 | 2000–2007 | 2171 | 170 PS (125 kW; 168 bhp) | 210 N·m (155 ft·lbf) | 8.2 s | |
323i/Ci | M52TUB25 | 1998–2000 | 2494 | 170 PS (125 kW; 168 bhp) | 245 N·m (181 ft·lbf) | 8.0 s | |
325i/xi/Ci/it (US) | M54B25 | 2001–2005 | 184 PS (135 kW; 181 bhp) | 237 N·m (175 ft·lbf) | 7.3 s | ||
325i/Ci SULEV (US) | M56B25 | 2002–2005 | 184 PS (135 kW; 181 bhp) | 237 N·m (175 ft·lbf) | 7.3 s | ||
325i/xi/Ci/ti (EUR) | M54B25 | 2001–2007 | 2494 | 192 PS (141 kW; 189 bhp) | 245 N·m (181 ft·lbf) | 7.2 s | |
328i/Ci | M52TUB28 | 1998–2000 | 2793 | 193 PS (142 kW; 190 bhp) | 280 N·m (207 ft·lbf) | 7.0 s | |
330i/xi/Ci | M54B30 | 2000–2007 | 2979 | 233 PS (171 kW; 230 bhp) | 300 N·m (221 ft·lbf) | 6.5 s | |
330i/Ci ZHP (US Only) | 2003–2006 | 238 PS (175 kW; 235 bhp) | 301 N·m (222 ft·lbf) | 5.8 s | |||
M3 (US) | S54B32 | 2001–2006 | 3246 | 338 PS (249 kW; 333 bhp) | 355 N·m (262 ft·lbf) | 4.9 s | |
M3 (EUR) | 2001–2006 | 343 PS (252 kW; 338 bhp) | 365 N·m (269 ft·lbf) | 4.9 s | |||
M3 CSL | 2003–2004 | 360 PS (265 kW; 355 bhp) | 370 N·m (273 ft·lbf) | 4.8 s | |||
M3 GTR (Street) | P60B40 | 2001 | 3997 | V8, 32v | 351 PS (258 kW; 346 bhp) | 365 N·m (269 ft·lbf) | 4.5 s |
M3 GTR (Race) | 2001–2005 | 500 PS (368 kW; 493 bhp) | 479 N·m (353 ft·lbf) | 3.5 s |
Diesel engines[edit]
Model | Engine | Production | Volume (in cc) |
Type | Power | Torque | 0–100 km/h (0-62 mph) |
318d/td | M47D20 | 2001–2005 | 1951 | I4, 16v | 116 PS (85 kW; 114 bhp) | 260 N·m (192 ft·lbf) | 10.7 s |
320d | M47D20 | 1999–2001 | 1951 | I4, 16v | 136 PS (100 kW; 134 bhp) | 280 N·m (207 ft·lbf) | 9.9 s |
320d/cd/td | M47TUD20 | 2001–2007 | 1995 | I4, 16v | 150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp) | 330 N·m (243 ft·lbf) | 8.8 s |
330d/xd/cd | M57D30 | 1999–2003 | 2926 | I6, 24v | 184 PS (135 kW; 181 bhp) | 390 N·m (288 ft·lbf) | 7.8 s |
M57TUD30 | 2004–2007 | 2993 | 204 PS (150 kW; 201 bhp) | 410 N·m (302 ft·lbf) | 7.2 s |
Model badging[edit]
The 316 was introduced in 1999 and has the smallest engine available in the E46, the 1.9 L BMW M43 producing 105 hp (78 kW) and 165 N·m (122 ft·lbf).[21] Like all 4-cylinder models, it was not sold in the United States.[14] In 2001, the 316 was given a smaller, yet more powerful, 1.8 L BMW N42 engine producing 116 hp (87 kW) and 175 N·m (129 ft·lbf).[22]
The 318 was introduced in 1998, the 1.9 L BMW M43.[22] However, it was designated the M43B19TU (technical update) and had dual balancing shafts which increased horsepower to 118 hp (88 kW) and torque to 180 N·m (133 ft·lbf). Along with the 316, the 318 received an updated engine in 2002: the 2.0 L BMW N42. It produced 141 hp (105 kW) and 200 N·m (148 ft·lbf).[22] The 318 was not released into the United States market.[14] N 46 introduced in 2004 with modifications to the ecu
Sold in many places, including the United Kingdom, Germany, Greece, Canada, Turkey Australia and Ireland. 320i was sold in two versions, less powerful equipped with M52 2.0 L I6 engine making 150 hp (112 kW) and more powerful version with M54 2.2 L I6 engine making 170 hp (127 kW). It was the base model in Romania, Canada, Australia, where it would be succeeded by the 323i.
The 323 was one of the first E46 models available for purchase, 1998 for the sedan (excluding North American markets) and 1999 for the coupe (and sedan in North American markets). It was powered by BMW's 2.5 L M52 engine designated M52TUB25.[22] The M52 engine was previously used in the E36; however, this 2.5 L version added dual VANOS, BMW's mechanically continuous variable valve timing system. This improved low end torque and fuel economy over the M52B25 used in the E36 323. The E46 323, despite having a 2.5L engine, was designated "323" and not "325", to increase the apparent spread between it and the correctly numbered 328 to appeal to BMW enthusiasts.
The 323 ended its run after 2000,[22] when it was then retired to make way for the updated E46 325.
The 328 was released alongside the 323 as a high-performance option, still using the BMW M52 engine, but making 190 bhp (142 kW; 193 PS). The E46 328 and 323 ended their production runs after three model years (1998–2000) when they were succeeded by the 330 and 325, respectively.
The 325 took over from the market position of the 323 (M52b25) and uses the M54b25 2.5 L I6 engine. the 325's engine has an improved double-VANOS and fully dual pipe exhaust system. The European version makes 192 bhp (143 kW; 195 PS), while the U.S./Canadian version had a catalytic converter installed which reduces the output to 184 bhp (137 kW; 187 PS).
The 330 succeeded the 328 as the top-performing E46 (excluding the M3), with the M54B30 making 233 PS (171 kW; 230 bhp) at 6500rpm and 214 lb·ft (290 N·m) at 3500 rpm, while the performance package (ZHP) version had an output of 235 bhp (175 kW; 238 PS) at 6800 rpm and 222 lb·ft (301 N·m) at 3500 rpm.
Trim levels[edit]
United States market[edit]
Premium package (ZPP)[edit]
The premium package has been available on all 3-series cars. It typically included:
- Different wheels and tires (if ordered with the sport package, the sport package's wheels and tires are supplied)
- A multifunction steering wheel (if it was not already standard on the vehicle)
- Wood grain interior trim (if ordered with the sport package, the premium package wood is typically installed, unless specifically requested otherwise)
- Rain-sensing windshield wipers (not available on the 323; became standard equipment in 2004)
- Auto-dimming rear-view mirror
- Power seats
- Lumbar Support (not available on the 325)
- Moonroof (can also be ordered separately)
Sport package (ZSP)[edit]
The sport package was available on all E46's, excluding cars with the Performance package and the M3. It consisted of a three spoke sports leather steering wheel and had improved grip over the standard "square" steering wheel. The sport package also included cruise control. The car was also given sport seats which provided better bolstering and support than the stock seats. They also had adjustable thigh supports and were available in manual or power. The sports package also offered 17-inch wheels standard, which came with staggered (323 excluded) lower profile tires. Rear-wheel-drive models ordered with the Sport package also received sport suspension, which offered improved handling by way of firmer springs, a lower ride height, and tighter dampers.
Cold weather package (ZCW)[edit]
The cold weather package has been available on all 3-series and M3 cars. It typically included:
- Pass-through ski bag
- Heated seats (can also be ordered separately)
- Headlight washers
- Fold down rear seats
Performance package (ZHP)[edit]
The performance package was an inclusive option given to E46 sedans from 2003 to 2005, coupes and convertibles from 2004 to 2006.[23] It included various aesthetic changes over the regular 3 series, as well as functional and mechanical enhancements. It had M badges on each of its Style 135 wheels, with additional M badging on the multi-function steering wheel and atop the 6-speed short throw weighted shifter. In addition to the standard color options, the ZHP was available in the "Motorsport-only" color Imola Red. It received the "M-Tech II" bodykit standard, 18-inch staggered Style 135 wheels, high gloss anthracite window trim, and the coupe received clear turn signals (headlights, side-markers, and tail-lights) instead of the amber turn signals found on the standard 330Ci.[23] The interior had also been modified with half cloth-half alcantara sports seats (optional upgrade to leather), an alcantara-wrapped sports steering wheel (switched to perforated leather in mid-2005), a shorter M-badged shift knob, anthracite colored cloth headliner, and aluminum "cubed" faux-carbon fiber interior trim (available in silver or black). The instrument gauge cluster was also modified with red needles and polished metal trim rings.[24]
In the performance department, the ZHP was equipped with the more aggressive DME tune to increase power from 225 hp (168 kW) to 235 hp (175 kW).[23] The engine redline raised from 6,500 rpm to 6,800 rpm to take advantage of the new power band and higher power output at higher RPMs.[24] As a result of the higher redline, the nut that fastens the oil pump's sprocket came with threadlocker pre-applied from the factory to keep the nut from falling off.[25] The car also received a shorter final drive ratio which allows for faster acceleration; 3.07 vs. 2.93 for manuals and 3.64 vs. 3.38 for the automatic.[24] Car and Driver magazine track-tested the car, which returned a 0-60 mph time of 5.6 seconds and passed through the 1/4 mile in 14.3 seconds.[24] In 2003 the ZHP featured a 6-speed manual transmission (the Steptronic automatic transmission was not available the first model year (2003), but it was offered from 2004 to 2006).
Suspension was modified over the standard suspension with firmer springs and dampers, larger anti-roll bars, stronger front control arm ball joints, a lower ride height, and slightly more negative camber.[24] The Style 135M wheels also came equipped with the much stickier compound, Michelin Pilot Sport tires, in a staggered configuration with 225/40-18 tires in the front and 255/35-18 tires in the back.[24]
Other markets[edit]
The ES trim level was supposed to be the base level available for the European E46s from 2003, however, it included various safety features as standard equipment, such as anti-lock brakes, 6 airbags, dynamic stability control, and a factory installed alarm which were not common as standard features when the E46 was released.[26] Comfort items such as heated and electric mirrors were also fitted standard.[26] The ES trim did not include cruise control, a multi-function steering wheel (MFSW), leather steering wheel or gearknob, although these were offered as "at-cost" options.[26] For a short period during 2003 BMW offered optional extras for the 320d & 330d Touring from the M-Tech Sport range including M-Tech Sports suspension and when this option was selected the leather M-tech gearknob & steering wheel were included in the upgrade.
The SE trim level included the options the ES trim level was given, but added cruise control as part of the multi-function steering wheel, headlight washers, parking sensors, leather steering wheel and gearknob.[26] It was the mid-range trim level that offered luxury items, but lacked the sporting items the M Sport and M Clubsport trim levels had, although the drivetrains of both SE and M Sport models were identical.
Sport / M Sport[edit]
The Sport (later M Sport) trim level included the options given on the ES and SE trim levels, but had additional performance-orientated items added. It came with the "M-tech" I or II bodykits (depending on when the car was ordered), half leather-half alcantara sports seats, sports suspension (comprising stiffer springs, dampers, and altered suspension geometry) The M sport package shares the same suspension set up as the performance package (ZHP) in America, as well as the "cubed" interior trim and 18-inch style 135 wheels, gloss black external trim instead of the chrome trim of the SE, sports steering wheel and 17" lightweight style 68 alloy wheels.[26] The drivetrain of Sport / M-Sport models is identical to that of base / ES / SE variants.
M Clubsport[edit]
The M Clubsport trim level is aesthetically similar to the United States Performance Package.[26] The main difference is that the M Clubsport trim was not given the BMW performance camshafts that the ZHP obtained. Instead, it had 20 kilograms (44 lb) of sound deadening removed from the car. The M Clubsport trim shares the same suspension set up as the performance package (ZHP) in America, as well as the "cubed" interior trim and 18-inch style 135 wheels.[27] However, changes from the ZHP include plastic front splitters on the M-Tech II bumper, a M-tech II styled rear spoiler (instead of the M3 trunk lip), and clubsport door sills.[27] The M Clubsport also came with two "BMW Individual" colour options that were carried throughout the car, Estoril Blue, Velvet Blue and Carbon Black.[27]
Unlike the other trim levels, the M Clubsport trim was only available on the 330 and the 325.[26]
Luxury package[edit]
This Canadian-only package offered the same options as the United States premium package.
Initial release[edit]
BMW Alpina B3 3.3 (1999-2006)[edit]
The BMW 330i employs a naturally aspirated engine rated 305 PS (224 kW; 276 hp)@7200rpm and 500 N·m (369 lb·ft)@3800-5000rpm, 6-speed switch tronic manual transmission, ALPINA Classic 18-inch wheels with Michelin tires (225/40 ZR18 front, 255/35 ZR18 rear)
Edit: the B3S is a 3.4 version, the B3 is the 3.3. 305 hp vs 280 hp The B3S 3.4 Coupe went on sale in limited quantities (100 units) via ALPINA GB
Model nomenclature[edit]
The "i" badging originally indicated that the car had a fuel injection engine (Petrol) which first appeared in the E3/E9 and E21 chassis. As electronic fuel injection replaced carburetors the "i" badge was reused to indicate that the engine had an inline cylinder configuration.
With the introduction of the xi models in 2001, BMW brought back AWD which hadn't been an option in the 3-series since 1991 when the E30 325iX was discontinued. BMW produced the 325xi and 330xi in the US between 2001 and 2005, but only in Sedan (4-door) trim and the 325xi Sports Wagon.
The AWD models were well received by reviewers for giving customers in severe winter climates the option of an AWD 3-series. At the same time, the xi was criticized for its added weight, slower acceleration, decreased gas mileage, softer suspension, and poor original equipment tires.[28][29]
The transfer case used in all BMW E46 xi models is manufactured by New Venture Gear, Inc., which is owned by Magna Powertrain. The NV 124 transfer case used in the E46 xi models is a full-time four-wheel-drive gear driven transfer case.[30]
The xi models have a permanent front/rear 38:62 torque split which differs from the E46's successor, the E9X, which incorporated BMW's new xDrive platform. Both the front and rear differentials in the E46 xi are open differentials which are aided by DSC (Dynamic Stability Control) to control wheel spin and oversteer/understeer.
The xi models were only produced in left-hand drive, and as such were not sold in RHD markets such as the United Kingdom.
Alpina B3S 3.4[edit]
Alpina produced a specialist version of the 3 Series dubbed the B3S 3.4. one version were produced, taken from the standard production line.
B3S 3.4 Sedan was based on the 330i, powered by the 3.4-liter M54 engine producing 276 bhp (224 Kw; 305 PS), and available only with a switch tronic 6-speed manual gearbox.
The "d" indicates that the car has a diesel powered engine.
The "Ci" indicates that the car is a coupe/convertible with a petrol powered engine.
The "Cd" indicates that the car is a coupe with a diesel powered engine.
The "T" in "iT" stands for "Touring", the BMW nomenclature for a 4-door wagon. It has a petrol powered engine. These cars are just badged as "i".
The 'ti' badge on the E46 compact stands for 'Touring International' This harks back to the BMW 2002 tii touring.
The 'td' badge indicates a compact powered by a diesel engine (a variation of the ti badge for petrol-engined variants)
Changes by Model Year[edit]
Mid-year 1998 (MY 99)[edit]
- 316, 318, 320, 323, and 328 sedans are released to worldwide markets, designated "i".
- 323 and 328 E46 sedans introduced in the US (The 316 to 320 models were not released in the US to the general public at any point).
- E46 coupe is launched into worldwide markets, designated "Ci" (excluding the US).
- E46 Touring is launched into worldwide markets, designated "iT" (excluding the US).
- E46 coupe is launched into the US.
- E46 Touring is launched into the US.
- Dynamic Stability Control replaces Automatic Stability Control.
- Auto Recirculation becomes standard.
- The 323 has 15-inch alloy wheels standard (replacing hub caps for no-option package 323s).
- The Premium Package has wood trim and moonroof standard, with 16-inch wheels only (no more 15-inch offered).
- The 323 gets the Sport/Premium combo package offered.
- Power seats are a stand-alone option on 323.
Mid-year 2000 (9/99)[edit]
- Power seats with driver's seat memory upgraded to include exterior mirror memory.
- Radio has clock function; as a result, an onboard computer function and the time can be displayed at the same time.
- Child seat tether anchorages added as standard equipment.
- Center console buttons redesigned.
- New key design
- Automatic transmission changes to Steptronic
- 323i (2.5) is replaced by the 320i (2.2) and receives the new M54B22 engine
- 328i is replaced by the 330i and receives the new M54B30 engine
- 325xi and 330xi all-wheel-drive models are introduced
- All 2001 325xi for U.S. market has their VIN numbers registered as 325i since the 'xi' was considered an option to the base 'i' car instead of a separate model.
- New sport steering wheel with circular airbag cover.
- Xenon/HID equipped with larger projector lens.
- New dual exhaust from headers to muffler.
- 325i sports package gets 17x8 style 44 wheels.
- 330: lumbar adjustments standard with leather seats.
- 330: 17" rims are standard
- 330: Sports package rims are changed to style M68 with 17x7.5 at the front and 17x8.5 at the rear.
- 330: Brakes are 1" larger
- 330: Headlight washer jets standard on cold-weather package
- 330: Silver trim around headlights
- 330: "Updated" steering (more power assist)
- Coupes get titanium front spoiler trim.
Mid-year 2001 (3/01)[edit]
- 325i and 325iT: New standard equipment: foglights, cruise control, & automatic climate control
- 325Ci and 325Cic: New standard equipment: automatic climate control
- 330: Due to customer feedback, there was a mid-year change back to a steering system with less boost, although more than 323s and 328s had. BMW offered a free "steering retrofit" to reduce the boost for some time. You now must pay for this retrofit. This only affected 2001 cars.
- 330i: New standard equipment: power seats, Harman Kardon stereo, & sport suspension
- 330Ci & 330Cic: New standard equipment: Harman Kardon stereo
2002 (9/01)[edit]
- NAV systems now have a widescreen 16x9 display, TV tuner is from now on an optional part of the NAV system only.
- E46 sedans and wagons receive a facelift: New headlight and taillight designs, side directional marker moved and re-shaped, new wider grille, new hood, new front bumpers for 325i and 330i without sport package.
- 330i 18-inch wheel option offered
- 318i receives an engine boost to 2.0L
- 320d receives new engine 148 bhp (110 kW; 150 PS)
- Xenon headlight option upgraded to bi-xenon configuration
- Car equipment coding changed on 9/01 from older system, constant options size ZCS coding (Zentral Codier Schlüssel - Central Coding Key capable of maximum 64 equipment options) to new FA coding (fahrzeugausstattung - Vehicle Order) variable size equipment coding string and this way E46 model became the only BMW car having both system covered during its production life
- Steptronic manual mode shifting pattern reversed to more intuitive sense, now downshift with lever forward and upshift with lever backwards, to share same logic as for the SMG gearbox.
Mid-year 2002 (9/02)[edit]
- Sirius satellite radio now pre-wired on non-navigation cars
- 330d receives new engine (M57N, 150kW version)
- NAV system becomes DVD based (Mark IV NAV system). In addition, the navigation system will now be available with in-dash CD-player (Audio-CD only) or cassette player.
- The sound system head unit now has a new auxiliary input (aux input kit required)
- Sedans receive third rear headrest and 3-point seatbelt.
- 325: Rain sensor and automatic headlight control will now be part of the Premium Package.
- 325: Front armrest will be standard in the sedan and sport wagon.
- 325: Moonroof will be standard in the sport wagon.
- 325: SULEV 325i, 325Ci, and 325iT are introduced with the M56 motor to meet new emission requirements. The SULEV M56 motor was offered optionally and only comes with the Steptronic transmission.
- 330: Tire Pressure Monitor replaces the Flat Tire monitor on vehicles with run-flat tires. The alarm display and button in the middle console remain unchanged.
- 330xi with Sport Package will come with 17" all-season run-flat tires with styling 98 wheels (same as the current run-flat tire option).
Mid-year 2003 (3/03)[edit]
- Performance package introduced on the 330i sedan. It's only offered with a manual transmission and NOT offered with the premium package.
- All E46s are now pre-wired for the BMW Bluetooth kit (ULF)
- All 330 manual transmissions now 6-speed instead of 5-speed.
- Style 71 (18') Staggered two-piece wheels are now the optional upgrade.
- Coupe receives body and lights update, that comprise rear LED tailights and front AHL option (adaptive headlights - light beam moves left/right into the corner)
- E46 now supports Brake Force Display - two intensisty steps brake lights, function activated for US market only
Mid-year 2003 (6/03)[edit]
- M3 CSL production (1401 units)
Mid-year 2003 (9/03)[edit]
- All 330i/330xi Sedans, and 330Ci Coupes must be ordered with option 403 - moonroof.
- All 330Ci Convertibles must be ordered with ZPP - premium package.
- Myrtle wood is no longer available as a stand-alone option. It will only be available when the Premium Package is ordered.
- A new interior trim will be made available on all 3 Series. SA 426 or Aluminum "Brushed Columns" trim will be available as a no cost option when the Premium Package is ordered. If the Premium Package is ordered and SA 426 is not specified, the car will be equipped with Myrtle Wood trim (as before)
- Cars equipped with Navigation are now pre-wired for Sirius
Mid-year 2003 (10/03)[edit]
- SMG or Sequential Manual Gearbox available in conjunction with the sport package (not available in conjunction with the Performance Package or all-wheel-drive models). N.B: This is a different system than the E46 M3's SMG of the same name.
- BMW Assist becomes available. These early TCUs (Telematic Control Modules) are not compatible with bluetooth.
- Performance package now available on coupes and convertibles, as well as with the automatic transmission and the premium package (on all 330s).
- The climate control head unit has a new control button layout (temp, fan and recirculate control buttons) for simpler operation and ease of use.
- The rain sensor and automatic headlight control standard for all Sedans and Sports Wagons. These features were previously only available with the Premium Package (ZPP).
- Automatic STEPTRONIC transmission will be available in conjunction with the Performance Package.
- New Sport Package wheel for 325i Sedan and Sports Wagon. Styling 119 replaces Styling 96.
- New base wheel for the 330i/330xi Sedan and 325xi Sedan/Sports Wagon when equipped with the Sport Package. New wheel replaces Styling 73.
- Titanium exterior trim on the front grille and headlights is no longer different for 330i and 330xi Sedans. (The headlights are black and the front spoiler is a combination of black and body color.)
- Coupes and convertibles receive a face lift with a new front grille (larger "BMW kidneys"), revised lower bumper design and front/rear light redesign including LED tail lights, repositioned side turn signal lights and clear front corners on sport package cars.
- The Xenon headlight package was upgraded to the Adaptive Xenon package for coupes/convertibles only.
- 325i and 325iT: Styling 119 (17 x 8) with performance tires replaces Styling 96 when the sport package (ZSP) is ordered.
- 330i/330xi get a new base wheels. 325xiT and 330xiT get new Sport Package wheels.
- The M47N diesel engine was revised, the main changes being a redesigned swirl flap design in the intake manifold and an electronically activated turbocharger wastegate, both of which increase reliability.
- Styling 137 (17 x 7) with all-season tires replaces Styling 73, also known as the Radial spoke.
- Beginning 12/03, Brake Force Display is activated worldwide.
- BMW Assist TCUs gain Bluetooth functionality.
- Lumbar seat support added to the premium package on the 325.
- CD shuttle became MP3 compatible
Mid-year 2005 (5/05)[edit]
- Performance package 330s get a perforated leather steering wheel instead of alcantara.
- Sedans discontinued due to the introduction of the next generation E90 where only the coupe and convertible models are the only body styles available for their final model year until being replaced by the E92 and E93, respectively in 2007.
- LCMs now support "comfort blinker" function (triple flash). Must be activated by BMW Service Center or coding software.
- CD changer receiver MP3 playback functionality from 01/06
BMW introduced a super ultra low emission vehicle (SULEV) into the select regions of the United States to meet stricter emission standards. California, New York, and Massachusetts received the SULEV E46's in 2003, and Vermont in 2004.[32] They received a variant of the M54 engine, the BMW M56.[32] The M56 meets SULEV standards, as well as partial zero emission vehicle (PZEV) and zero evaporative emissions requirements.[32] The M56 is claimed to have identical power as its M54 counterpart.[32]
The BMW M3 CSL (coupe sports lightweight)[33] was a limited edition version of the M3, with 1,400 cars being produced for its 2004 model year run.[34] The CSL was never released into the North American market,[35] and was only available in two colours - Silver Grey Metallic and Black Sapphire Metallic.[36] In South Africa it came in limited numbers and cost nearly R1 million ($125k US) at the time (2004).
As its name suggests, an emphasis was put on reducing weight. The M3 CSL has a kerb weight of 1,385 kg (3,053 lb), 110 kg (240 lb) lighter than the regular M3.[37][38][39] The CSL features many weight saving technologies taken from Formula One racing applications.[40] A large proportion of the M3's sound insulation has been removed, as have the power windows, electric seats, and navigation systems.[35] Air conditioning and stereo systems could be retrofitted free of cost, but were not available standard.[38] The CSL's unique body pieces are all crafted from carbon fiber reinforced polymer.[37] Glass-reinforced plastics are used throughout structural points in the car.[38] The rear glass window was replaced with lightweight plastic.[38] Although the CSL loses a considerable amount of curb weight from its original version, the focus was put on strategically reducing or moving the weight in the car rather than the raw amount of weight that could be lost.[41] This is to retain the ideal 50:50 weight distribution characteristics the E46 has.[37] For example, the roof is constructed from carbon fiber reinforced plastic.[37] While this only reduces the curb weight of the car by 7 kg (15 lb), it lowers the center of gravity of the car and decreases body flex.[36][41]
In order to improve the handling ability of the car, the entire suspension system was further refined.[37] Specially developed racing springs and dampers are given to the CSL, and a tightened steering ratio (14.5:1 vs 15.4:1 on the regular M3) improves responsiveness.[40] The braking system is also modified, with larger front and rear floating rotors and calipers from the E39 M5.[35][36] The CSL is given a retuned dynamic stability control system with a "M track mode" setting that allows the car to be pushed to its absolute limits before being activated.[40]
The 3.2l engine used in the M3, the BMW S54, has been modified to increased output by 17 hp (13 kW) and 5 N·m (4 lbf·ft) over the European M3.[36][40] This is achieved through a high flow carbon fiber air intake, modified valve and camshaft timing, and a retuned DME.[36][40] However, the engine is further modified in order to reduce weight - it features a lightweight exhaust manifold and thinner exhaust piping.[40] Additionally, the intake and exhaust manifolds are slightly straightened to improve engine responsiveness.[35]
The CSL also has various aesthetic modifications over the standard M3. It received an aerodynamic lightweight body kit which included carbon fiber front splitters that improved downforce at high speeds by 50%,[37] as well as a carbon fiber rear diffuser. The front bumper has a distinct hole that is used to draw cool air into the newly designed air intake.[37] The boot lid is redesigned to incorporate a raised lip, unlike the standard M3 where one is simply added onto a flat boot.[37] The CSL was sold with distinct 19-inch lightweight forged BBS alloy rims that came with Michelin Pilot Sport Cup semi-slick racing tires.[36][42]
The interior of the CSL is redesigned with a sporty-weight saving theme. The CSL obtains fiberglass front racing bucket seats,[37] permanently angled at 90-degrees and fiberglass backed rear seats.[37] The center console, door panels and trim, and headliner are all formed from carbon fiber,[36][37] and the steering wheel is redesigned with cruise control, stereo, and phone controls removed to include just a single button that activates the M track mode.[36] Although some markets went without this feature, South African examples were fitted with air conditioning.
The SMG II drivelogic semi-automatic transmission is a Getrag 6-speed conventional manual transmission, but with an electrohydraulically actuated clutch pedal, similar to an Formula One style transmission.[36] The regular M3 has the manual transmission as standard and the SMG II automated manual as an option, however the CSL is only offered with the SMG II and that unit also received a more advanced drivelogic unit that was capable of making shifts in 0.08 of a second.[36][40]
North American competition package (ZCP)[edit]
As the M3 CSL was not available to the North American markets, BMW released an optional "competition package" (option code ZCP) to fill the market void. It upgraded the normal M3 by way of 19-inch cast lightweight CSL style wheels, detuned CSL suspension components, a tighter steering ratio, and the CSLs brakes.[43] It also included a detuned version of the CSLs dynamic stability control.[43]
This section does not cite any references or sources. (November 2012) |
This article contains instructions, advice, or how-to content. (November 2012) |
Like all car models, some common faults or premature failures have become apparent with the E46 over time. These include:
- Front lower suspension control arm bushes and/or balljoints wear out as early as 30,000 miles, causing knocking and sloppy handling. The whole arm normally has to be replaced but this is a quick workshop job.
- On Touring models, rear coil springs frequently break and the wiring to the rear tailgate components often suffers from breakage where it flexes between the body and tailgate.
- Steel brake pipes corrode and may need to be replaced at a relatively young age. The rear pipes pass over the fuel tank, making this a lengthy job.
- The more powerful six-cylinder cars (330d and 330i) can suffer from rear subframe cracking caused by torque reaction at the differential mounts.
- Pre-2004 diesel engines can suffer from swirl flap failure, which often writes off the vehicle due to extensive engine and turbocharger damage. The flaps can be removed by independent workshops with little effect on performance.
All M57 engine code 330d manual BMW's do not have swirlflaps thus saving the worry about swirl flap failure, the M57 autos do and all M57N auto and manuals have swirl flaps.
- All diesels can suffer from turbocharger failure. The early type of oil breather is implicated in this, as it blocks easily, restricting the oil feed to the turbo bearings. Post-2004 cars have a vortex-type breather which can easily be retrofitted to earlier cars. As with all oil-cooled turbochargers, it is important not to turn off the engine for a few minutes if the car has just been driven hard (with significant turbo boost).
- The final stage resistor on cars with climate control partially burns out, leading to a loss of proper heater fan control. The resistor, located in the footwell area, is replaceable although somewhat difficult to access.
- The 318i models with automatic gearboxes are prone to early failure. Gearbox Oil needs to be changed/topped up regularly together with changing the gearbox oil filter . Gearboxes for this model costs upward of USD7000 new.
- The ZF gearboxes found in the 323i, 325i, 328i and 330i (ZF5HP19 or steptronic transmission)are prone to failure whereby the gearbox will not engage into the reverse gear.[44] Repair costs varies from USD2000-USD7000. This defect does not affect vehicles fitted with the GM 5L40 E automatic gearboxes.
Andy Priaulx was the champion of the 2004 European Touring Car Championship season and 2005 World Touring Car Championship season driving a 320i.[45] Franz Engstler won the 2006 Asian Touring Car Championship season in a 320i.[46]
A range of different drivers have won the Spa 24 Hours from 1995 to 1997. The car has further competed in the 2006 British Touring Car Championship season, the 2008 European Touring Car Cup and the 2006 Russian Touring Car Championship.[47]
Year | Championship | Result |
2003 | European Touring Car Championship | 3 |
2004 | Danish Touringcar Championship | 1 |
2004 | European Touring Car Championship | 1 |
2005 | World Touring Car Championship | 1 |
2005 | Danish Touringcar Championship | 1 |
2005 | Italian Superturismo Championship | 1 |
2006 | British Touring Car Championship | 11 |
2006 | Asian Touring Car Championship | 1 |
2008 | European Touring Car Cup | 1 |
Alarm for Cobra 11[edit]
From seasons 5-19, RTL Entertainment and ActionConcept have used a silver BMW 330i E46 with license plate NE:DR 8231 in the German Action TV-Series Alarm for Cobra 11: The Autobahn Police. The vehicle was used as an undercover cop car driven by Semir Gerkhan, the main officer in the series. It discontinued usage in season 19, as it was detonated next to a gas truck, and was later replaced by the more recent BMW E90, another component of the 3 Series.
- ^ http://www.bmweducation.co.uk/downloads/online-resources/fastfacts_april08.pdf
- ^ "Bavarian Auto Group". Bag-eg.com. 9 April 2010. Archived from the original on 22 July 2010. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
- ^ "Группа компаний Автотор :: Автомобили BMW". Avtotor.ru. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
- ^ "Brilliance Auto". Brilliance Auto. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
- ^ MAYERSOHN, NORMAN (24 June 2009). "2006 BMW 3 Series: The Benchmark Settles Into Comfortable Middle Age". The New York Times. p. 2. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
- ^ "Successful 2003 Financial Year for the BMW Group". The Auto Channel. Retrieved 24 July 2006.
- ^ a b "DesignworksUSA". BMW Group. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
- ^ http://www.linkedin.com/pub/erik-goplen/5/347/745
- ^ http://www.google.com/patents/USD406797
- ^ http://www.autointell-news.com/european_companies/BMW/bmw-3-98/bmw31.htm
- ^ http://users.encs.concordia.ca/~ecsga/BMW%20AG%20The%20Digital%20Car%20Project%20%282%29.pdf
- ^ "BMW Bus System" (PDF). Archived from the original on 26 October 2010. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
- ^ "Bimmernav". Bimmernav. Archived from the original on 25 September 2010. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f "BMW 3 Series". Edmunds. 1 August 2003. p. 1. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- ^ "BMW Innovations Lounge". BMW. p. 1. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
- ^ "BMW E46 3 series buyers guide specs features". reveuro. p. 1. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
- ^ An "i" stands for fuel-injected, present on all petrol models. A "d" stands for diesel powered, "Ti" is the 3-door hatchback (compact). "Ci" stands for Coupe, while "Cic" stands for convertible. An x means all-wheel drive.
- ^ Model year production.
- ^ The I indicates an Inline/Straight engine, followed by the number of cylinders and the total amount of valves.
- ^ Figures are for saloons/coupes with manual transmission. Acceleration may be slightly faster for compacts (ca. -0.1 seconds) and slower for tourings (ca. +0.2 seconds), convertibles (ca. +0,4-1 seconds), automatics ca. (+0.2-0.5 seconds) and all-wheel drives (ca. +0.2-0.5 seconds).
- ^ "BMW World - 4-Cylinder Engines". BMW World. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d e "BMW Information". BMWinfo. Archived from the original on 25 May 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- ^ a b c "BMW 330i ZHP". Brazeau Racing. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f "BMW 330i with Performance Package". Car and Driver. Archived from the original on 25 June 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- ^ "ZHP specific OPN (Oil Pump Nut)". E46fanatics citing BMWNA. Retrieved 29 October 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g "BMW 3 series coupe car review". parkers.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2 June 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- ^ a b c "Clubsport review". EVO magazine. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- ^ "BMW 330Ci and 330xi - First Drive Review". Car & Driver. Retrieved 31 January 2008.
- ^ "BMW 330xi vs. Subaru Impreza WRX, Audi S4". Car & Driver. Retrieved 31 January 2008.
- ^ "The xi resource. » Transfer Case". XI FTW. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
- ^ "BMW Alpina - E46". Alpina-automobiles.com. 15 May 2009. Archived from the original on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
- ^ a b c d "M56sulev" (PDF). BMW. Retrieved 10 January 2009.
- ^ "BMW Cancels Lightweight M3 CSL". Automobile Mag. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ "BMW M3 CSL". Autoblog. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d "BMW M3 CSL Performance". Automobile Magazine. Archived from the original on 4 June 2009. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "BMW M3 Parts CSL". US auto parts. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "BMW M3 CSL". Cartorque. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d "BMW M3 CSL (E46)". diseno-art. Archived from the original on 21 June 2009. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ "Car reviews - BMW M3 CSL". Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g "The New M3 CSL". Car pages. Retrieved 10 July 2009. Check date values in:
(help) - ^ a b "BMW M3 CSL". Automobile magazine. Archived from the original on 5 June 2009. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ "BMW M3 CSL - Auto Shows". Car and driver. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ a b "BMW M3 Zine - BMW M3". M3Zine. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ http://www.noreverse.org/
- ^ 2005 Championship point standings Retrieved on 22 February 2012
- ^ http://www.fiawtcc.com/fiawtcc/personnews_prs135637.shtml
- ^ http://www.fiawtcc.com/drivers/detail/id/5
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to BMW E46. |
- BMW's Super factory
- The ZHP Registry
- BMW E46 Wiki at Bimmerfest.com
- BMW 3-series at DMOZ
« previous — BMW road car timeline, 1980s–present | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Series | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||||
Compact | 1 Series | E82/ E88 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 Series | F22 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 Compact | E36/5 | E46/5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compact executive | 3 Series | E21 | E30 | E36 | E46 | E90 / E91 / E92 / E93 | F30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 Series | F32 / F33 / F36 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive | 5 Series | E12 | E28 | E34 | E39 | E60 / E61 | F10 / F11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Luxury | 6 Series | E24 | E63 / E64 | F06 / F12 / F13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 Series | E23 | E32 | E38 | E65 / E66 / E67 / E68 | F01 / F02 / F03 / F04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GT | 8 Series | E31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Roadster | Z Series | E30 (Z1) | E36/7 & E36/8 (Z3) | E85 / E86 (Z4) | E89 (Z4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
M | 1 Series M | E82 M | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
M6 | E24 M635CSi/M6 | E63/64 M6 | F06/F12/13 M6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
M Roadster | E36/7 (Z3) M | E85 (Z4) M | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
M Coupé | E36/8 M Coupé | E86 M Coupé | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sports car | E26 (M1) | E52 (Z8) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
i | i3 | I01 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
i8 | I12 |


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Tuesdays in the Chapel is a weekly gathering to reflect, pray, and meditate. Our focus for the coming year will be One Thing That is Most Important. The program is from 8:30-8:50 AM in the Main Dining Room of W11 (September 9 in the MIT Chapel), with coffee following, on Tuesdays when classes are in session.
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Roman's Taxi
this wiki
Redirected from Express Cab Service
VEHICLE Roman's Taxi | |
(Rear quarter view) | |
Vehicle type | Taxi cab |
Body style | 4-door sedan |
Capacity | 4 (driver and 3 passengers) |
Appearance(s) | Grand Theft Auto IV The Lost and Damned |
Manufacturer | Albany |
Variant(s) | Esperanto Police Roadcruiser |
The Albany Roman's Taxi is a variant of the Esperanto used by Roman Bellic's taxi company in Grand Theft Auto IV. Roman's taxis are only driven by Roman and his employees (including Niko in some early missions).
Roman's Taxi is an Albany Esperanto (Albany being the fictitious name for Cadillac, which leads people to deduce that it is a Cadillac Seville or something similar) - due to the Albany badging, many people thought that it was actually called the Albany (which was probably its beta name, see Trivia). The car is visually distinguishable from the Esperanto by its minor alterations—red or yellow taxi emergency lights affixed to the front and back, taxi registration number on the trunk, advertising on the rear bumper and rear window, and a custom red interior. By default, Roman's Taxi is dark gray with a discolored gray driver's side front fender. It can be resprayed to other colors, and may be randomly resprayed back to its default appearance, except the driver's side fender will no longer be discolored.
Cavalcade Taxi
After aquiring the Middle Park East Safehouse, from completing "Hostile Negotiation," the Esperanto - based Roman's Taxi will be replaced with Cavalcades. Like the original Roman's Taxi, it is made by Albany, is mostly black and Mohammed still drives it.
Performance and handling-wise, Roman's Taxi is heavier than the Esperanto (1700 kg to the Esperanto's 1600 kg), and has inferior acceleration, but has a significantly greater top speed of 295 km/h (183 mph) to the Esperanto's 218 km/h (135 mph); it also has slightly stronger braking and softer suspension. The handling feels good and can go around a corner at 40 mph without much trouble.It is slightly less prone to deformation than the Esperanto, and can better withstand collisions.
Use as a taxi
Niko can call Roman to send a taxi to pick him up, after gaining his favor. The taxi driver is notoriously short-tempered, with the taxi rides peppered with insults hurled Niko's way for being a freeloader. After unlocking the Algonquin Safehouse (at which point Roman's business appears to have become highly successful), Roman's taxis are replaced by a fleet of gray Cavalcades, with the same disgruntled driver as before. After this, the car is no longer available, unless the player has saved one at a safehouse.
The car can be stolen by the player when it arrives after the player calls for one.
Unlike the Vapid and Declasse Taxis and Schyster Cabby, there are a few advantages to using Roman's taxi.
- The ride, no matter where or how long, is free of charge.
- The driver won't leave when the player attains a wanted level.
- It is a good choice for a drive-by, having someone else drive.
- If you accidentally try to carjack the taxi, the doors will be locked so there is no wanted level for vehicle theft.
- LCPD officers can't arrest you since the doors are locked.
Prominent Appearances
Roman's Taxi is the first vehicle that the player drives in Grand Theft Auto IV, and was prominently featured in pre-release materials, with the car initially painted with an all-black body color. It features as part of several early missions, including GTA IV's taxi side-mission.
in Grand Theft Auto IV, in the mission, "The Cousins Bellic," Roman's taxi features an all-black body, To get it, just park the vehicle in the parking spot, but not touch the point, and then suicide. When you turn back, it will be stay here forever, with an all-black body.
In The Lost and Damned, Roman's taxi may appear in the mission "Roman's Holiday." If Johnny calls Roman (555-2222), Roman will arrive with his taxi shortly after the call. Soon after, Johnny and Malc will start kidnapping Roman in his taxi and bring them to the hardware store in Broker. Roman's taxi can be obtained if Malc is killed in this mission.
- "Albany" may actually have been the true beta name of this car. First, it had been seen on pre-release pictures a long time before Rockstar Games decided to incorporate Vehicle Brands to the game. And secondly, inside the file "american.gxt," the car's text entry is under the name "ALBANY."
- When driving Roman's Taxi while being chased by the police, the police scanner will refer the car as "Roman's Esperanto." This may have been another beta name for it, considering it is obviously based on the Esperanto.
- The Roman's Taxi driven during "The Cousins Bellic" features an all-black body, as opposed to other occasions when the car features a discolored quarter panel. It is also notable that Roman's Taxi in the cutscene sports wheels from the Marbelle, as more that this was the beta model of the car.
- The default radio station in Roman's Taxi is Vladivostok FM.
- In The Lost and Damned, Roman's Taxi can be called in by dialing 555-2222 (the number given to Johnny by Elizabeta Torres earlier in the game) during the mission, "Roman's Holiday." Getting this requires some tricky dealing. Once he gets there, you'll get in automatically. Get out and kill Malc to fail the mission, then take it to a parking spot.
- If Roman is killed instead, Malc will drive off with it after the mission failure cutscene.
- Roman's Taxi does not have the same horn sound as the Esperanto.
- Roman's Taxi features the door-ajar chime which can be heard easily in the first mission "The Cousins Bellic." Before moving the vehicle, turn off your engine and get out without closing the door. With a turned up volume, you should hear the chime.
- Although Roman's Taxi always spawns in the default black paint job, it can be resprayed at a Pay 'n' Spray for a silver or red paintjob.
- After "Blow Your Cover," Roman's Taxi will still be driven by Mohammed when Niko calls Roman for car service. Only after the Middle Park East Safehouse is unlocked following "Hostile Negotiation" will they be replaced with Cavalcades.
- It is possible to take the taxi on the mission "Roman's Sorrow" by leaving your car after the cutscene and taking the taxi instead. After the mission you can save the car at your Bohan Safehouse. Once you have completed all 30 of Stevie's Car Thefts you can then sell the Taxi to him for $2000.
- The cab was not needed in The Ballad of Gay Tony because the cabs were already replaced by Cavalcades at the time of the game was set. Despite that, the internal files for the cab still exists. The reason for this is either Rockstar accidently forgot to remove the files, or it was supposed to be used or seen in the beta. With the use of modifications, you can spawn this car and drive it normally.
- Roman's Taxi has a single exhaust as opposed to the normal Esperanto's two.


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- Inhabitat New York City - http://inhabitat.com/nyc -
UPDATE: Floating East River +Pool Concept Raises First Round of Funding
Posted By Bridgette Meinhold On June 23, 2011 @ 5:15 pm In Architecture,News | No Comments
Designed for everyone, the +Pool is large enough to be an Olympic length lap pool [7], a place to lounge and sun bathe, or a pool for sports with 9,000 sq. ft. of play space. The pool, which combines four pools (children's, sports, lap and lounge) into one plus shape, is more than just an awesome place to cool off. Ideally, the +Pool team is aiming for the floating pool to help filter the water from the East River. A floating pool is an ambitious project in itself, but one that actually improves its environment is the ultimate in sustainability and one we wholeheartedly support! A three-step water filtration [8] process – Primary Screening, Secondary Filtration, and Disinfection, takes in the river's water and makes it clean enough to swim in according to all city, state and federal standards of quality.
The +Pool team made up of Ding-Ping Wong of F A M I L Y Architects [9], Archie Lee Coates IV and Jeffrey Franklin of PlayLab [10] has been working double time this last year with engineers, swimmers, consultants and planners studying what it would take to swim in clean, natural river water right here in the city. Even Arup [11], one of the most innovative engineering firms in the world, is helping them out because Arup [11] saw something new and unique, so they have donated their resources to help make +Pool a reality. In May, the firm finished a feasibility study that determined the concept was totally possible and now they have to test it out.
This is where you come in. The +Pool team still needs funding to make it a reality. They have already raised more than their $25,000 [6] goal to begin physical tests of the filtration materials and methods, but donations can continue to be made until July 15th. With even more funding they can test and develop even more, and they expect it'll take $500,000 to build a full-scale mockup of one of the parts of the swimming pool [12]. As with any Kickstarter [6] donation, the team will reward you with various goodies based on the size of your gift. More donations mean the faster this concept has a chance of becoming a reality. Aren't you just dying to go swimming right now?
+ +Pool [13]
+ Donate to +Pool on Kickstarter [6]
Article printed from Inhabitat New York City: http://inhabitat.com/nyc
URL to article: http://inhabitat.com/nyc/floating-east-river-pool-concept-closer-to-becoming-a-reality/
URLs in this post:
[1] Share on Tumblr: http://www.tumblr.com/share
[2] Email: mailto:?subject=http://inhabitat.com/nyc/floating-east-river-pool-concept-closer-to-becoming-a-reality/
[4] http://inhabitat.com/nyc/floating-east-river-pool-concept-closer-to-becoming-a-reality/pool-concept-2/?extend=1
:[5] floating pool: http://inhabitat.com/water-purifying-floating-pool-cleans-new-yorks-rivers/
[6] Kickstarter: http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/694835844/pool-a-floating-pool-in-the-river-for-everyone
[7] Olympic length lap pool: http://inhabitat.com/the-watercube-wins-australias-highest-architecture-award/
[8] water filtration: http://inhabitat.com/elegant-lott-clean-water-alliance-building-shows-the-sexier-side-to-water-treatment/
[9] F A M I L Y Architects: http://familynewyork.com/
[10] PlayLab: http://playlab.org/
[11] Arup: http://www.arup.com/
[12] swimming pool: http://inhabitat.com/billabong-natural-swimming-pools-employ-mother-nature-to-keep-water-clean/
[13] + +Pool: http://pluspool.org/
Click here to print.
Copyright © 2011 Inhabitat Local - New York. All rights reserved.


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Take the Hoof Rite Challenge! Hoof Rite
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Renée Fleming & Olga Kern Friday, Feb 20, 2015, 8:00 PMAttucks Jazz- Warren Wolf Saturday, Feb 21, 2015, 8:00 PMAttucks Jazz - Howard Levy Saturday, Mar 21, 2015, 8:00 PMBallet Hispanico Friday, Apr 10, 2015, 8:00 PMRosanne Cash Saturday, Apr 11, 2015, 8:00 PM SHOW ALL PERFORMANCES |
PURCHASE TICKETSReady to purchase your tickets?
JOIN OUR MAILING LISTJoin our mailing list and stay up to date with Virginia Arts Festival's 18th Season. E-NEWSJoin the VAF E-News club and stay up to date with performances, pre-sale opportunities, and special offers. SUPPORTThe Festival has a major impact on our community thanks to the generosity of our Partners in Performance. The annual fund plays a critical role in sustaining our ability to share, inspire and educate. Make a gift and become a Partner in Performance. BOX OFFICEBox Office Hours:Monday – Friday 10am-5pm |


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My writing covers topics including fashion (particularly sustainability), feminism, family, culture, literature, mental health and body image. I am currently junior editor of Violet magazine.
I won the Vogue Talent Contest for young writers in 2011 at age 16, and have since contributed several articles to British Vogue and one to Vogue.co.uk. My writing has been published on websites including The Guardian, Vagenda and Eco-Age as well as in other print magazines such as Teen Tatler, Lionheart and Apartamento. I have contributed to both The Oxfam Blog and All Walks Beyond the Catwalk (all links at the bottom of the page). I am happy to write to commission on a wide variety of subjects. Please email email@example.com if interested.
I also work in other forms, including fiction, poetry and plays. I won the 2013 Hippocrates Poetry Prize for Young Poets (an international contest bringing together poetry and medicine), with the award sponsored by NAWE. I co-wrote a play titled 'The Man who Turned into a Sofa' broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in September 2014, in which I also performed.
In 2013 I was named as one of the 'h.Club 100' (in association with Guardian Culture Professionals Network) most innovative and influential people in the creative industries, in the Publishing and Writing category.
I am represented by Diana Beaumont at the Rupert Heath Literary Agency.
As a speaker I'm represented by Hire Intelligence.
My first non-fiction title for teenagers and young women will be published by Hachette (Wayland division) in 2015.
In Print Articles
Two page article in British Vogue May 2013 on perfume as a rite of passage.
Three page article in British Vogue March 2013 on scoliosis, spinal surgery and body image.
Winner of Vogue Talent Contest 2011 (also see Vogue.com)
Two written pieces in Violet Book 2014
Teen Tatler 2014
Apartamento Magazine
Various articles for Lionheart Magazine (Issues 1 - 3)
Wish Magazine
Online Articles


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Originally published Saturday, December 1, 2012 at 8:20 PM
Gonzaga ties school record for opening wins
None of the best Gonzaga teams of the past dozen years — which featured the likes of Dan Dickau, Adam Morrison and Ronny Turiaf &...
SPOKANE — None of the best Gonzaga teams of the past dozen years — which featured the likes of Dan Dickau, Adam Morrison and Ronny Turiaf — opened the season by winning their first eight games.
But this one has.
Sam Dower scored 18 points and No. 12 Gonzaga beat Pacific 85-67 on Saturday to tie the team record for most wins to open a season.
Elias Harris added 17 points for Gonzaga (8-0), which tied the 1994-95 squad. Gonzaga's next game is Wednesday at Washington State.
"We've been very good so far," coach Mark Few said. "But we don't know how good of teams we've played."
What is certain is the Bulldogs' schedule is toughening up. They'll play their first true road game Wednesday at Washington State. Then they host No. 22 Illinois on Saturday.
"This is going to be a difficult week," Few said. "Washington State is always difficult for us. And I've seen enough of Illinois to know they are good."
Travis Fulton led Pacific (3-4) with 15 points. Lorenzo McCloud had 14.
Kelly Olynyk added 15 points and Kevin Pangos 12 for Gonzaga.
Few won his 350th game and has a 350-90 record, all with the Bulldogs.
Top 10
At No. 1 Indiana 87, Coppin State 51
Victor Oladipo and Will Sheehey both scored 14 points to lead Indiana (8-0) over Coppin State (1-6).
At No. 2 Duke 88, Delaware 50
Ryan Kelly scored 15 of his 18 points in the decisive first half and routed Delaware (2-6). Mason Plumlee added 18 points and 11 rebounds for the Blue Devils (8-0).
No. 3 Michigan 74, at Bradley 66
Freshman Nik Stauskas scored 22 points in his first start and Michigan (7-0) survived a late run to get the win. Walt Lemon Jr. led Bradley (5-2) on a run to close to 70-65 in the final minute. But the Braves were forced to foul, and the Wolverines held on to win.
At No. 4 Ohio State 70,
Northern Kentucky 43
LaQuinton Ross scored a career-high 22 points to lead cold-shooting Ohio State (5-1) past Northern Kentucky (0-5).
At No. 5 Louisville 69, Illinois State 66
Russ Smith scored 24 points and Peyton Siva from Franklin High School added 20, including four three-pointers, to lead Louisville (6-1) over Illinois State (5-2).
Baylor 64, at No. 8 Kentucky 55
Kentucky's 54-game winning streak at Rupp Arena is over. Pierre Jackson scored 17 points and Isaiah Austin and A.J. Walton each added 11 for the Bears (5-2). Baylor shot 41 percent but held Kentucky (4-3) to 30 percent.
No. 9 Arizona 85, at Texas Tech 57
Nick Johnson scored 18 points as the Wildcats remained unbeaten. Solomon Hill and Mark Lyons each added 14 points for Arizona (5-0) and Kaleb Tarczewski pulled down 13 rebounds. Jaye Crockett scored 12 points to lead Texas Tech (4-1).
At Wyoming 76, No. 19 Colorado 69
Leonard Washington scored 22 points and Larry Nance Jr. added 14 as Wyoming (8-0) used a stingy defense to beat a ranked opponent at home for the eighth time in 13 games since the 1995-96 season. Spencer Dinwiddie scored 24 points and Andre Roberson had 16 points and 12 rebounds for Colorado (6-1), which was off to its best start since 1989-90.
No. 23 San Diego St. 78, UCLA 69
In Anaheim, Calif., Jamaal Franklin scored 21 of his 28 points in the second half and San Diego State tied a season high with 11 three-pointers to win its fifth in a row, at the John R. Wooden Classic.
The Aztecs (5-1) ended an eight-game skid against the Bruins (5-3), beating them for the first time since Dec. 7, 1940.
Jordan Adams scored a career-high 23 points, hitting five three-pointers, and Shabazz Muhammad added 16 points for UCLA.
At Oregon 80, Arkansas-Pine Bluff 59
Carlos Emory led five double-figure scorers with 16 points for Oregon. Arsalan Kazemi and Daymean Dotson scored 11 each for the Ducks (7-1), who are off to their best start since 8-1 in 2007, and Dominic Artis and E.J. Singler had 10 points each. Mitchell Anderson scored 16 for the Golden Lions (1-6).
At Arizona St. 90, Sacramento St. 70
Evan Gordon scored a career-high 29 points, Carrick Felix had 21 points and 12 rebounds, and Arizona State (6-1) raced past Sacramento State (5-2).


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What is the least expensive off-the-shelf camera that works with Pempro? I'm rebuilding my mount for the 742nd time (just relube/readjust this time, thankfully), and would like to get an accurate PE measurement. I currently use C's Micro Guide reticle EP to estimate, but would like some hard numbers to confirm that the work I put into my CGE was actually worth it.
C's NexImage is $92 at Amazon; will it work with Pempro? Is there a less expensive solution? This will only be used for PE measurements, so I don't want to spend a ton of money.
Pempro question: Camera compatability
Started by
Joe Cipriano
, Jul 30 2010 11:49 AM
6 replies to this topic
Posted 30 July 2010 - 11:49 AM
Posted 30 July 2010 - 12:19 PM
use your ST4
Posted 30 July 2010 - 01:48 PM
Didn't think my ST4 was compatable. Great if it is - I'll have to download the trial version of Pempro and see if it'll talk to the ST. Had no end of problems trying to interface the ST with my XP notebook (never did get it to connect); haven't tried with Win7 yet.
Posted 30 July 2010 - 06:33 PM
I used my ST237.. cant imagine the ST4 being incompatible
Posted 31 July 2010 - 11:15 AM
I use my DSI-C. (V1)
Posted 31 July 2010 - 05:11 PM
Cheapest DSI I can find is V2 @ $399 - more than I wanted to spend. I could root around on AMart for a deal on a used V1.
Cheapest DSI I can find is V2 @ $399 - more than I wanted to spend. I could root around on AMart for a deal on a used V1.
Posted 31 July 2010 - 06:00 PM
I found a DSI 2 mono for $175 on Amart. I sold my SSAG because DSI is better at guiding than the SSAG.


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Wrangler® Relaxed Fit Jeans
Item # WX2-226921
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Shipping restrictions apply to this product under some jurisdictions. Known age, state and local shipping requirements are applied at checkout and may result in changes to an order.
- Details & Specs
Room to move! Stretch out in these genuine Wrangler® Relaxed Fit Jeans, PRICED LESS!
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Guide Gear 1977 5-pocket Jeans
Buyer's Club $17.99 Non-Members $19.99


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The following is a very powerful video taped yesterday when a simple citizen had the nerve to assert his constitutional rights in front of a power hungry storm trooper in the state of Tennessee. Minute five is particularly telling when the officer seems to lament the fact that "he's perfectly innocent, he knows his rights, he knows what the Constitution says." Also notice that when the citizen claims his 4th Amendment rights to not have his vehicle searched, the officer creates a scene where his canine supposedly "smells drugs in the car" as an excuse to search it. Of course, no drugs were found and the deputy was demonstrating that he can do whatever he wants to a mere slave in a vehicle traversing the "free" highways of America. This is a must watch. USA! USA!
18 Comments
Add your comment-
Below the mason Dixon line god save ya
you mean there are no "gestapo" type cops in California, New York, Mass, Chicago. they only exist in the South? really?
Good Lord!! There goes the 4th Amendment of 'probable cause'.
Finally!! There is someone doing something. There's 2 veterans (1 is a 65 yr old Vietnam veteran & a gulf War vet) where are walking across America in 'Support of the U.S. Constitution'. Cool!
They are carrying the American flag fm San Diego to D.C. Once again, it's our veterans defending our freedoms from tyranny. I support them.
what the hell do you think toting a flag around is going to do? its time to fight back.
Hi Mike
Really enjoyed meeting you at the Liberty conference.
You are the rage as a speaker. Look forward to chatting again over a lunch or dinner.
all the best,
Bill Murphy
Glad I do not live in the land of the free, your Gestapo need to be sued at every possible opportunity for their failure to respect the laws they are supposed to uphold.
A really sad 4th of July America! -
As a well traveled "Yankee" now living a short drive from this incident, I can assure you that evil has no geographical limits.
Just be glad they didn't rip up your hood liner and carpets along with the seats then find an excuse like resisting anything and tow your car and arrest you like California
nice find Mike ! what a disturbing video. i have huge respect for the crap that most cops have to put up with (like, for example, getting shot at), but this kind of stuff is untolerable. these douchebag cops in TN should be fired immediately. this country is at a huge tipping point RIGHT NOW, and i am not optimistic as to how this all turns out. God help us all.
What are these officers names and badge numbers? A little publicity for the good ole boys down South might give them a little more humility
I like how he says "are you an attorney or something?" implying that only someone who knows the law would know that what they are doing is illegal.
Since a dog cannot SPEAK, and is considered property, and is a BIASED "witness" based on an ATTCHMENT/BONDING with the PIGlice Officer, IT is never an impartial witness.
This video went viral. They won't fire the guy because the good ole boys network take care of their own even if they are all Nazis.
My guess is they will put the guy on PAID administrative leave for a few weeks until people forget. Then give him a promotion when he comes back. And back to business as usual. This AJ no nothing officer is done as a police officer though. Totally stigmatized as the little Nazi down South.
Happy 4th of July nazi USA.
Providing full identification of the Gov Enforcers involved in these & other Enforcer-actions enables everyone who disapproves to withdraw or never initiate voluntary association with the thugs if they refuse to respond to reasoned logic and find a totally different line of work. NO violence! Simply NO sales, NO service, NO camaraderie – NO anything. Make Gov Enforcerhood a very unpopular occupation by not having anything to do with those who insist on becoming or staying one. When the fast increasing far more non-Gov pawns in the population will have no voluntary association with Enforcers, there will be fewer individuals willing to be one. With fewer Enforcers, Gov can do far less harm – at home and abroad, since the military is simply Gov Enforcers mostly "over there", at least right now….
Thanks for sharing this with us. I almost cried at the absolute brazen abuse of "law enforcement". WAKE THE FUCK UP AMERICA – your country is at risk, now more than ever.
I was at Ft Leonard Wood Missouri basic training in summer of '87. That summer there were 7 state troopers shot and killed during traffic stops. This crap seems cyclical in timing with the economy-econ gets bad and the badged nazis come out. Live and learn…
You guys get all bent outa shape over a routine traffic stop. If the motorist happened to be a black guy he would likely have been "routinely" choked to death or shot multiple times in addition to being charged for a crime never committed – period, end of story. But now you find cause for everyone to wake up huh?
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- Video of the Day – This is What Happens When You Try to Exercise Your Constitutional Rights in Illinois | Liberty Blitzkrieg (Pingback)
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Ham Lake
Minn. Woman Finds $5,000 Ring In Secondhand Pants
A Minnesota woman has found a diamond ring worth at least $5,000 in a pair of secondhand pants, but says she can't bring herself to keep it.
Police: Craigslist Ad Leads To Teen Thief's Arrest
Police say they found a teenager who invaded a home in Ham Lake and robbed a couple at gunpoint thanks to a Craigslist advertisement.
Woman Killed In Ham Lake Crash Was 2nd Grade Teacher
A second grade Isanti teacher dedicated to her students for 31 years never made it her classroom Friday morning.
Grass Fires Sparking Up Because Flakes Aren't Falling
Grass fires are an unusual sight for this time of year, but they've been sparking up quite a bit in the last few weeks.
2 Saved In Ham Lake Fire
Firefighters from five cities were called in to battle a house fire in Ham Lake early Thursday morning.
School Bus, Car Collide In Ham Lake
A school bus and a vehicle collided in Ham Lake, Minn. early Tuesday morning.
Woman Killed In Ham Lake Fire Helped 2 Escape
It was a final act of heroism. A woman risked her own life to help others get out of a burning home.
Anoka County Sheriff Needs Help Finding Missing Man
MINNEAPOLIS (WCCO) – The Anoka County Sheriff's Office is seeking the public's help to find an adult man who has been missing from his Ham Lake home since Tuesday. Authorities said Jeffrey Alan Jacobus left […]
Motorcyclist Found Dead In Tent Outside Wis. Bar
A motorcyclist from Ham Lake, Minn. was found dead in a tent outside a bar in western Wisconsin on Monday morning.
Claiming Prize More Difficult Than Sinking Hole-In-One
It was the first hole-in-one of his life, and was supposed to help him pay for college. But the former Coon Rapids High School golfer is still struggling to claim his prize.
Fire Destroys Ham Lake House
Firefighters in Ham Lake responded to a fully-involved house fire Saturday night.
Burkhalter Family Warned Church Not To Hire Him
Shortly after Glen Cary Lutheran Church hired Damian Burkhalter as youth director, Burkhalter's relatives say they told Pastor Paul Settergren approximately four years ago he should not have any contact with children.
Ham Lake Youth Director Accused Of Sexual Conduct
The Ham Lake Lutheran Church's youth director has been arrested, accused of engaging in an ongoing sexual relationship with an underage girl.
Hole In One Earns Cash Prize But Ends Senior Season
A Coon Rapids High School senior won a nice chunk of change after acing the eighth hole at Majestic Oaks in Ham Lake but as a result his high school golf career is over.
2 Ham Lake Brothers Create Massive Snow Fort Masterpiece
Two brothers from Anoka County decided to turn the record winter into a record of their own. The giant pile of snow in their yard was the inspiration to fulfill their boyhood dream — the biggest snow fort the Twin Cities has ever seen.


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'Silver Linings Playbook' Trailer: Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence Are Totally Bonkers
Movie News By Kate Erbland on June 28, 2012 | Comments (2)It's an understandable expectation that when one sees "new David O. Russell trailer," they automatically ready themselves to see Mark Wahlberg's face pop up once they hit "play." But, oops, the Funky One was traded out as the lead of Silver Linings Playbook by Russell himself last summer in favor of someone else apparently willing to work for less pay (and less fuss) – Bradley Cooper. And while that's the sort of casting might-have-been trivia we could all still be talking about years from now, hopefully the film's first trailer will silence that, because it's hard to imagine that Wahlberg could infuse the part of bonkers old Pat Solitano with as much desperation and joy as Cooper appears to do in just two minutes. Wow. Based on Matthew Quick's novel of the same name (sans a "the," apparently), Cooper stars as a former teacher who attempts to reintegrate into normal life after four years in a mental institution. For Pat, "normal life" apparently means staying up till 4AM reading Hemingway, bugging his probably loopy parents (Jacki Weaver and Robert De Niro), running around with a trash bag on his body (sweat it out, Pat!), and just possibly falling in love with the equally-as-off-the-wall-nutty Jennifer Lawrence. Even better? The whole thing absolutely feels like a Russell film.
Jackie Weaver in Talks to Join David O. Russell's 'The Silver Linings Playbook'
Casting Couch By Nathan Adams on September 26, 2011 | Comments (1)It has come to my attention that we here at FSR have left David O. Russell's upcoming film The Silver Linings Playbook criminally uncovered. We've got one little mention of it being announced in a Movie News After Dark and that's it. Probably it's time to remedy that, because Russell is a director who always makes interesting stuff, even when it ends up being kind of a mess. And this time around he's assembled a pretty intriguing cast to yell at and be mean to during filming.
Neil Miller
Scott Beggs
Rob Hunter
Kate Erbland
Christopher Campbell


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Marea is a romantic stone villa overlooking the deep blue Mediterranean on the enchanting island of Panarea. This rustic, Aeolian-style property has two adjoining, yet independent residences with separate entrances. The villa, just steps away from the beach, offers breathtaking view of Stromboli and the rock of Basiluzzo from its rooftop terrace.
This two-story house with white wood trim is built and decorated in simple, nautical style, a clean sweep of all white walls dressed with country white and brown wood furniture. The terraces offer a relaxing retreat with endless views of the sea. For arrivals and departures, complimentary transfers are offered to and from the harbor or the heliport of the villa. Stroll to the island center and enjoy the excellent restaurants and exclusive boutiques or take excursions by ferry or hydrofoil to Filicudi, Messina, Milazzo, Naples or Palermo.
DISTANCES: 11 miles from Stromboli, 11 miles from Salina and 16 miles from Vulcano.
Air-conditioning, heat, electricity , water and final cleaning included. Daily housekeeping included (2 -3 hours per day), additional maid service is ?10 per hour. Change of bath linen twice per week included. Laundry and ironing charges are ?4 per item. Welcome buffet diner is ?15 per person, including wine. All of these additional services must be paid locally in Euros upon departure.
This villa sleeps 6 people.
Security Deposit ?300 in cash or travelers checks by the client directly to the house manager.


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The Powerbombcast Episode 15 - The Royal Grumble
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The chaos and fun of Saints Row is fully intact in the underworld, but a new setting can only go so far.
Dimensions recaptures enough of Geometry Wars' thrills to stand as the best new dual-joystick shooter in quite a while.
The little mushroom man finally gets his name on the marquee, and the result is a charming, unique, and puzzle-heavy adventure.
Game » consists of 4 releases. Released Nov 20, 1992
Games that have animals as the main character. The character must be playable.
Anthropomorphism is the concept of an object, concept or character that has human qualities or traits, such as speech, a level of intelligence similar or higher than a human's and self consciousness. "Anthro" means "of human" and related to the concept of humanity.
Levels that progress forward by themselves at a fixed rate.
Usually yellow and black striped, these flying, flower loving loving insects can come singly or in a swarm. A major producer of honey and stings.
The concept of moving blocks around to certain areas such as highlighted squares, or switches, or in order to get past a maze.
Not all bosses can handle the player by themselves. Many use waves of lesser enemies to fight for them while they rest, and some even let these minions do all the work.
A boss fight is a culminating challenge that pits the player against one or more enemies representing a greater threat and/or difficulty than those previously faced. These scenarios typically feature unique antagonists.
Cartoon characters are personas from cartoons, which are animated moving sequences that are usually drawn but can be "computer animated" and can come from television, movies, the web, or stated in the game. They can be humans, animals, or even things usually not thought as living.
The main line of distinction between victory or failure in video games, death is the process of a biological being ceasing to be alive.
A double jump is the ability to jump while already in mid-air to get some extra lift. It totally violates the fundamental laws of physics, but we try not to think about that.
Dream sequences are a narrative and gameplay mechanic that present the thoughts or events that occur in dreams.
The Classical Elements are usually considered to be Earth, Water, Air and Fire. In modern science, the Periodic Table has increased the number of elements to 118.
When a game lets you grab enemies and throw them as projectiles. Commonly found in platformers, but also sometimes found in over-the-top 3rd person action games.
Earning an extra life, either by collecting a 1up or by hitting a certain score.
A cluster of platforms that have the same rotating movement as a Ferris Wheel. Thusly, they always remain in a horizontal position.
In games, fire can be an obstacle, a tool, a weapon, or a solution. Just don't play with it...unless you really want to.
Enemies that prefer to keep a distance to the ground, and swoop down occasionally to do some damage.
A frog is a small and usually green amphibian that can swim, hop, and ribbit. Sadly, most of them aren't princes.
A place were everything is unnaturally or naturally large compared to the protagonist.
Health is a value that gauges how much damage players can take in a game before they die or pass out. Also known as life in some games. Health is usually represented by a bar or a percentage instead of an exact amount. Found in most non sport games
Invisible or cleverly hidden doors just waiting to be discovered. Logically, Hidden Doors often lead to Hidden Rooms.
A common type of stage featured in many games. Slippery ice, avalanches, and freezing water are some of the unpleasantries to be had when visiting these cold arctic regions.
Video games developed in Japan but based on Western IPs.
It's arguably the one move that symbolizes the medium to those outside it. The ability to jump, be it onto building, onto platforms, or onto skulls, is one of the all time most important abilities ever put in a video game.
A common type of stage based around the fire and/or lava element. Often platforming heavy and inhabited by fire-based enemies.
Fish that are just as dangerous out of water as they are in it.
These games are based off of an established license, such as a movie or comic. Examples are the James Bond and Spider-Man franchises.
When stomping on someone causes the character to bounce upwards, often to a greater height than normal.
The concept of affecting the universe through supernatural methods, breaking the fundamental laws of science.
A mouse is a small rodent with a tail and whiskers.
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Santa Costume Bag is top quailty. I had first class service to the UK. Please buy from MJM Magic. Fantastic service, many thanks. A more than happy...Read More ->
So far, just this year, I've purchased about 40 lectures throughout the internet. I used to shop all my items from various sites and was never...Read More ->


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I would like to buy a 5 tac consoles raptor
I would like to be able to buy a 5 tactical console raptor
Federation has the tactical escort retrofit with 5 tactical consoles and cloak so I think it would be only fair that kdf have a similar escort . I have to mention that even if somebody puts another tactical console to the current raptor the new ship will be under the federation escort due to it lower turning rate . Actually to be fair enough kdf should be able to buy a raptor having the same turning ratio as federation escort and with 5 tactical consoles . Lately i noticed that all powerfull escorts are only federation (Patrol Escort,HEC,Steamrunner). Not to mention Vesta wich is quite powerful ship. I think it is not fair toward Kdf players. I am willing to pay for that raptor and I bet there are more others who whould pay for such a ship . Why Cryptic is loosing money by not giving us the opportunity to have such ship ? (As I mentioned just in pair with what federation players have and use ) |
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David Jackson writes for USA Today.
It's not every day that an ex-president asks the Supreme Court to strike down a law he signed.
That's what Bill Clinton did with the Defense of Marriage Act, which defines marriage as between a man and a woman—and which the high court will rule on this year in a landmark moment for the gay marriage movement.
c. 2013 Religion News Service
WASHINGTON -- The Obama administration came out forcefully Thursday (Feb. 28) against California's ban on same-sex marriage and, by extension, implicated similar bans in 37 other states.
WASHINGTON (RNS) President Obama will take the oath of office with two Bibles that once belonged to a pair of civil rights icons: Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King Jr.
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Hi Everyone, I'm new to this site as a member but use it often to answer my questions about all things plant related. My question is about using hoyas in plant arrangements. I have a zee zee plant sitting on and old highchair that I would like to repot and incorporate a vine around the base. I have a hoya that I would like to use for this purpose, as the two would look amazing married together. Has anyone used a hoya in this way? Can't seem to find much on the subject, but both plants based on their care profiles would seem to go well together. Both plants are very healthy and I don't want to cause them any harm. Just wanted to check if it something the experts would recommend. Many thanks in advance, Erik |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by pirate_girl Zone7 NYC (My Page) on Fri, May 31, 13 at 14:13
Hi Erik, Don't know that I'm an expert, by any means, but I DO grow both plants & don't know how this will work as they have rather different watering requirements. ZZ, being succulent-like w/ their water storing stems & bulblets / tubers (down below the soil), they need less frequent watering than Hoyas. They also need less light than Hoyas. Not sure how they'd fare w/ more light & more water. If you try this, I'd make sure to have the fastest draining mix possible. |
- Posted by teengardener1888 NY Albany 5a (My Page) on Fri, May 31, 13 at 14:47
I think it is possible but she does have a point. The zz plant actually perfeers bright indirect light pirate. therefore it can possibly work. But I would still buy a sharp draining mix |
Teengardener and Pirate girl, Thanks a lot for the advice... My ZZ seems to love its bright location very much, as does my Hoya. I water them pretty much on the same schedule, and let them both dry out slightly. They are both in a 1:2:1 of lava gravel, manure based potting soil and sand. The only difference is my ZZ is in a much deeper pot which I'd like to use for their union. Think I'll give it a try and hope for the best. Many thanks, Erik |
- Posted by pirate_girl Zone7 NYC (My Page) on Mon, Jun 3, 13 at 18:12
I hope the sand is not fine sand, if it is, it may 'cause problems in future. Well if you are growing them similarly already, then I guess there's not much to lose by trying to combine them. Good luck w/ it. Maybe post back w/ some pix pls. so we can view & enjoy your results. |
It woud be interesting to know what Hoya species you plan to grow with your ZZ pant. Denise in Omaha |
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The Amagansett NWR graces the shore of the Atlantic Ocean on Long Island's south fork. Established December 16,1968, the 36-acre refuge is of special significance...[more]
Activities and Amenities:FISHINGHIKING Results near Amagansett National Wildlife Refuge
[ * in straight line, not driving distance ] Established December 27, 1954, through a donation by the Morton family, the 187-acre Elizabeth A. Morton National Wildlife Refuge boasts exceptionally ...[more]
Activities and Amenities:FISHINGHIKINGHISTORIC & CULTURAL SITEINTERPRETIVE PROGRAMSWILDLIFE VIEWING The Conscience Point National Wildlife Refuge was established July 20, 1971 as a land gift from Stanley Howard. The 60-acre refuge is located in the Town...[more]
Stewart B. McKinney NWR is comprised of ten different units that are stretched across Connecticut's shoreline. The headquarters is located approximately...[more]
Activities and Amenities:BOATINGFISHINGHIKINGHUNTINGINTERPRETIVE PROGRAMSWILDLIFE VIEWING Located approximately 12 miles offshore on picturesque Block Island, this small refuge provides important habitat for wildlife, and a place for people ...[more]
Activities and Amenities:FISHINGWILDLIFE VIEWING Named after one of the original chiefs of the Narragansett Indians, the Ninigret National Wildlife Refuge is located on the Southern Coast of Rhode Island...[more]
Activities and Amenities:FISHINGHIKINGINTERPRETIVE PROGRAMSWILDLIFE VIEWING "Picturesque, peaceful, yet thriving with wildlife." That's how many of the more than 50,000 annual visitors describe the Trustom Pond National Wildlife...[more]
Activities and Amenities:FISHINGHIKINGINTERPRETIVE PROGRAMSWILDLIFE VIEWING The Wertheim National Wildlife Refuge on the south shore of Long Island is one of the last undeveloped estuary systems remaining on Long Island. Approximately...[more]
Activities and Amenities:BOATINGFISHINGHIKINGHISTORIC & CULTURAL SITEINTERPRETIVE PROGRAMSWILDLIFE VIEWING Under the stars, near the sound of the surf, waking to a chorus of song birds, camping on Fire Island within the Otis Pike Fire Island High Dune Wilderness...[more]
Permits and WildernessLocated within the picturesque Narrow River on the Southern Coast of Rhode Island, this Refuge is comparatively small in size, but big in protecting the...[more]
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