text:
My husband and I are going on our first cruise in January. It's exciting, but also nerve wrecking. I mean, we have never traveled by water before and we have never visited these other countries that we will be going to. Being the travel planner of the household, I like to stay organized. I decided […]
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
John Pete Xecominos
Abingdon, MD
Basic information on John Pete Xecominos, Abingdon MD. Find John Pete Xecominos's age, gender, possible aliases, relationship status and professional status.
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John Pete Xecominos
John Pete Xecominos is in his 80's
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Abingdon, MD
Williamsburg, VA
Nottingham, MD
Nottingham, MD
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Zodiac SignSagittarius
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The Global Intelligence Files,
files released so far...
Index pages
by Date of Document
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The Global Intelligence Files
On Monday February 27th, 2012, WikiLeaks began publishing The Global Intelligence Files, over five million e-mails from the Texas headquartered "global intelligence" company Stratfor. The e-mails date between July 2004 and late December 2011. They reveal the inner workings of a company that fronts as an intelligence publisher, but provides confidential intelligence services to large corporations, such as Bhopal's Dow Chemical Co., Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Raytheon and government agencies, including the US Department of Homeland Security, the US Marines and the US Defence Intelligence Agency. The emails show Stratfor's web of informers, pay-off structure, payment laundering techniques and psychological methods.
Re: [OS] US/ISRAEL-Clinton: Decision to escalate row with Israel 'is paying off'
Released on 2012-10-19 08:00 GMT
Email-ID | 327343 |
Date | 2010-03-19 21:52:14 |
From | email@example.com |
To | firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com |
List-Name | email@example.com |
Kamran Bokhari wrote:
Reginald Thompson wrote:
Clinton: Decision to escalate row with Israel 'is paying off'
United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said on Friday that
the Obama administration's decision to ramp up pressure on Israel over
construction of Jewish homes in east Jerusalem was bringing results.
In an interview with BBC television, Clinton was asked whether
escalating the tone with Israel had paid off.
She said: "I think we're going to see the resumption of the
negotiation track and that means that it is paying off because that's
our goal."
Over the past two weeks Israel has sought to cool American ire over
plans for 1,600 new homes in Ramat Shlomo, a Jewish neighborhood that
lies beyond the Green Line in east Jerusalem.
Clinton had described the announcement, which coincided with a visit
to Israel by U.S. Vice President Joe Biden and led Palestinian
President Mahmoud Abbas to pull out of scheduled U.S.-mediated peace
talks, as an "insult".
It was now the Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's duty to overcome
opposition within his coalition government and ensure that the stalled
negotiations moved forward, Clinton told the BBC.
"I think what the prime minister has said repeatedly is that his
government and he personally are committed to pursuing these
negotiations and he just has to make sure that he brings in everyone
else," she said.
"That's his responsibility and it's not something that the United
States can or is interested in doing."
Over the past few days the U.S has signaled its desire to move beyond
the row over Ramat Shlomo and focus on restarting so-called the
'proximity talks' between Israel and the Palestinians.
Palestinian officials told The Associated Press on Friday that it
appeared unlikely Abbas would defy mounting international pressure for
a return negotiations.
Reginald Thompson
Michael Wilson
(512) 744 4300 ex. 4112


text:
City Of North Kansas City Demands Independent Review Of North Kansas City Hospital Operations, Financials, Competitive Position
NORTH KANSAS CITY, Mo., March 5, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- According to the American Hospital Association, the number of standalone hospitals in the United States has dropped by nearly 43% since 1990. This is due in large part to lower reimbursement levels, fewer hospital visits, increased capital requirements, and other pressures brought on by the recession and health care reform.
Consider the following:
- One of the largest credit rating agencies has a negative outlook for the U.S. non-profit health care industry.
- Hospitals across the country are realizing the benefits of strategic partnerships, mergers, etc. According to Modern Healthcare Magazine, there were 109 hospital mergers in 2012 alone, the highest in a decade.
- Saint Luke's Health System of Kansas City (non-profit), BJC HealthCare of St. Louis (non-profit), CoxHealth (non-profit) of Springfield, Mo., and Memorial Health System (non-profit) of Springfield, Ill. recently entered into an alliance. Individually, they each had revenues exceeding $1 billion, much greater than North Kansas City Hospital. Yet, they felt they were better served by an alliance, which resulted in a $7 billion venture.
Yet here in North Kansas City, the Board of Trustees that oversees the North Kansas City Hospital seemingly refuses to acknowledge this reality. What is the Hospital's plan to ensure the Hospital remains competitive in the face of increasing consolidation, intensifying cost pressures, lower reimbursements, and shrinking hospital visits? Does the Hospital have a plan to best compete long-term, especially when other standalone hospitals are taking action today?
While the North Kansas City City Council has repeatedly demanded answers to these questions from the Hospital – along with basic operating data and other information – the Hospital's Board of Trustees instead responded with expensive lawsuits, special interest legislation, misinformation and other tactics designed to waste taxpayer dollars, protect their own self-interests and scare our citizens and Hospital employees.
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Last week's dust-up over race between John McCain and Barack Obama was entirely disappointing. Obama spoke first about how his opponents would try to "make you scared of me," noting that he "doesn't look like all those other presidents" on our currency. What Obama said was true, but he made the tactical mistake of suggesting that McCain was complicit in overtly racial politics.
That gave Rick Davis, McCain's campaign manager, the excuse to offer the preposterous charge that Obama had "played the race card, and he played it from the bottom of the deck."
Davis's use of a dreadful cliche brought to mind George Orwell's observation that there exists "a huge dump of worn-out metaphors which have lost all evocative power and are merely used because they save people the trouble of inventing phrases for themselves."
Nonetheless, the Obama camp was caught short, and the candidate backed off a critique of McCain on race. McCain largely left the matter to his surrogates. Both candidates are wary of racial politics. Obama knows that whites and Latinos will constitute the vast majority of November's electorate, and McCain knows that many swing voters will be turned off by explicit racism. But the episode was a good example of how indirect and misleading political talk can be. Like it or not, Obama's race is an issue, just as John F. Kennedy's religion was an issue in 1960 -- and racism runs deeper in our history than anti-Catholicism.
There is no doubt that two keys to this election are: How many white and Latino votes will Obama lose because of his race that a white Democrat would have won? And how much will African American turnout grow, given the opportunity to elect our nation's first black president?
Let's dispose of the canard that there is something wrong with black people voting in overwhelming numbers for a black candidate. Minorities in the United States always turn out in a big way for the candidate who is breaking barriers on their behalf.
The most obvious example is Kennedy, who won roughly 80 percent of the Catholic vote in 1960, about 30 percentage points greater than the Catholic share won four years earlier by Democrat Adlai Stevenson. Proportionately, Kennedy's gain among Catholics was far greater than Obama's likely pickup over John Kerry's 2004 vote among African Americans, judging by the current polls.
More broadly, the race issue is used less overtly now than it used to be. When Democrats were the party of Jim Crow in the post-Civil War period, many in their ranks ran ugly, blatantly racist campaigns. Beginning in 1968 with Richard Nixon's Southern strategy, Republicans have been far more subtle in playing to white reaction on race.
Often, the appeal to white unease over race is overlaid with a populist rhetoric against "liberal elitists" who side with blacks while not understanding the struggles of the white working class.
William Connolly, a left-of-center political theorist, wrote an essay in 1981 that brilliantly captured why so many white working-class voters came to reject liberal programs.
Connolly argued that such voters saw the welfare state as turning on them, undermining the values they espoused and denigrating their efforts at self-reliance. They saw mandatory school busing as robbing them of their chance to secure a better education for their children by moving into better school districts. Especially among working-class white men, affirmative action seemed to treat "everyone else . . . either as meritorious or as unjustly closed out from the ranks of the meritorious."
When liberals dismissed such concerns as purely racist, Connolly noted, "These vulnerable constituencies did not need too much political coaxing to bite the hand that had slapped them in the face."
The great opportunity this year for less scrupulous Republican strategists is that Obama is both black and a Columbia-and-Harvard-educated former professor who lived in the intellectually rarified precincts of Hyde Park in Chicago, Manhattan's Upper West Side and Cambridge, Mass. They can go after him subtly on race and overtly on elitism. They can turn the facts of Obama's life into mutually reinforcing liabilities.
Is this unfair? Yes, it is. But if our nation is to cast off the shackles of race this year, Obama will have to grapple more than he'd like with the burdens that our history and the past travails of liberalism have forced him to bear.


text:
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Dubai: Nakheel, developer of Dubai's unique Palm islands, yesterday said it has paid Dh3.9 billion to its trade creditors following the recapitalisation by the Dubai Government.
Property | UAE
Nakheel repays Dh3.9b to trade creditors
Marks real progress in recapitalisation plan
"We are delighted to announce that Nakheel has to date made payments of Dh3.9 billion to its trade creditors," a Nakheel spokesperson said in an e-mailed statement.
"Today's announcement marks significant progress in our recapitalisation plan, following on from the initial payments to trade creditors of Dh500,000 or less, which commenced in March 2010."
Nakheel in 2008 held one of the emirate's largest land banks for freehold property development with a portfolio value touching $100 billion.
It faced a major financial crisis due to its overexposure to the market that saw liquidity disappear from September 2008 when the global financial crisis hit.
This prompted many developers including Nakheel to postpone a number of unfinished projects and shelve others in the pipeline.
As a result hundreds of contractors, subcontractors and suppliers, together grouped under trade creditors started to suffer due to non-payment of bills, resulting in job losses. Some small traders even went out of business. The company has also secured acceptance by creditors representing 91 per cent of its debt for restructuring.
"Nakheel has approximately 91 per cent (by value) of acceptances and is working closely with the rest of our trade creditors to achieve its 95 per cent acceptance of all payables and claims by the end of the first quarter of the current year," the spokesperson said.
Following the standstill request by its parent company Dubai World, the company underwent restructuring that saw the Dubai government pump in Dh8 billion liquidity to bring the developer back to business.
Nakheel then started paying its trade creditors based on a formula.
"This is very positive news and comes in the new year," Sudhir Kumar, Managing Director real estate advisory Realtors' International, told Gulf News.
"This reflects the very fact that the developer is coming back to business and this is going to help the emirate's property sector in a big way."
Business Editor's choice
Cyber criminals target investment platforms
Companies big and small are under siege from hackers, with financial businesses an all too regular target
Dubai's off-plan market in no mood to slack off
Developers intent on keeping pipeline of projects well-oiled with new releases
Dubai rents could fall another 5 per cent
Residential price growth enters negative territory for prime and mainstream segments


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The 5 Comics You Must Read This Month
- Wednesday February 19, 2014
Don't know what comics and graphic novels to pick up this month? Let us help.
Don't know what comics and graphic novels to pick up this month? Let us help.
Late last year, Marvel Comics announced that they would be rebooting the Ms. Marvel comic this February with an all-new superheroine at the helm: Kamala Khan, a 16-year-old Muslim teenager who lives in New Jersey.
The second volume of G. Willow Wilson's Eisner-nominated speculative comic series Air hit store shelves this week, mashing time-travel, dimensional shifting, romance, airlines and heroines — including a very much alive Amelia Earhart — into a clever yarn studded with philosophy and religion. All without ripping off Lost (although the comic has been compared to […]


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Here's the new addition to my growing little family of home-defenders. I wanted a high-capacity 9mm, so I decided to go with the 16+1 Springfield XD9 full size. I personally think she's pretty.
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Very nice addition to the family. Well done sir. JD
I will admit that once I got home and really took a close look at the XD and all the components that came with it, I was rather impressed/pleased with the quality. The main thing I have to get now is a tactical light, because those rails on that XD is screaming for something to be put on them...lol. Thanks for the compliment. Range report is soon to follow. P.S. I'll be posting a range report on my RIA 1911 and my PA63 here shortly because I finally went out to the range today and put a few hundred rounds through each.
Congratulations my friend, I hope that you enjoy it and only you have to use it in the range... I want a XD9(m)...
You will not be disappointed in any way with that pistol. I love both of me XDs!
If the pain is lacking so is the discipline... "the only 911 call I need is chambering a round" - Mr. Muller, MO car dealer
Excellent pistol. I was very happy with my XD9. Nothing bad to say about it at all. In fact, nothing but GOOD things to say about it.
"'Did you ever wonder why we had to run for shelter when the promise of a brave new world unfurled beneath a clear blue sky? " Roger WatersVote freedom, join the Libertarian Party.
The best part? You can load that mofo on Sunday and shoot it all week.
...especially if I purchase the 32-round mags from Pro-Mag....lol. The XD is what the Glock aspires to be. This model of pistol is now my 2nd favorite style of pistol. The first is the 1911 style (of course). I may be purchasing an XDM in the near future. We'll see.


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Thats about it, this place is cheap and in good place for people who travel by plane or plane and does not have or want to hire a car. You can go walking nearly all the places necessary. We found it worth the money, no luxury or extreem confort but you can not ask it for this price.
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Expedia, Booking.com, Priceline and Odigeo so you can book your Hotel Mariano reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.


text:
Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
As you select categories, the number of matching recipes will update.
Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
Sort by: Date | Rating | Most Helpful
"I made your original recipe and it was a huge hit!! I gave the recipe to many. My husband and I have to watch our calorie and cholesteral intake, so I did a bit of juggling.I used Italian turkey sausage, turkey pepperoni, low fat cheese, reduced-fat parmesan. Since we've tried both, I was able to do a comparison. It was simply delicious....both..."
"You are a "


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BLOGGER Eddie Nisbet reflects on 2014 and reckons the Tynecastle faithful should give themselves a huge pat on the back.
Sports reporter David Wren thinks we should judge Killie after the festive fixtures and not push the panic button just yet
JONNY McFARLANE believes that Rangers can learn a lot from Hearts and their appointment of a Director of Football and says that the former SFA youth supremo could be the perfect fit at Ibrox.
THE Tynecastle boss hopes football will flourish in the cup game against Celtic as his players prefer to focus on skill rather than physicality like Rangers.
THE Hearts head coach has a nine point lead at the top of the Championship table to protect and says the way to do it is for his players to remain in peak condition.
EDDIE NISBET reflects on another good week for Hearts and admits he doesn't know what tastes better - the Jambos' excellent form or the problems at Hibs and Rangers.
EDDIE NISBET explains why attending games is no longer a duty for the long-suffering Jambos and why he is getting ready to commit a cardinal sin tonight.
GAVIN BERRY mans the Hotline, with Tonev, Aberdeen, St Mirren, Junior football and Cristiano Ronaldo all on the agenda.
JOHNSTON is plotting a top-six push this season and says that his Kilmarnock team is vastly improved, despite losing top scorer Kris Boyd.
Locke was praised last season for his work with the Hearts squad, and he wants to pass on the same wisdom at Kilmarnock
THREE of Scotland's biggest clubs will battle it out in unfamiliar surrounds in the second tier of Scottish football and the Rangers manager says he and his players cannot wait for the challenge.
KILMARNOCK may be installing a new pitch - but can Johnston find enough players to pitch up?
KILLIE'S top goalscorer last season last night told Rugby Park boss Allan Johnston he will make a decision on his future in the next 24 hours.
LOCKE was axed as Hearts boss six weeks ago but insists there is no point being resentful as he takes up his new role as Allan Johnston's No.2 at Kilmarnock.
LOCKE will join forces with ex-Jambos team mate Allan Johnston at Rugby Park just a month after being axed by the Tynecastle club.
GARY LOCKE was denied a coaching role at Tynecastle after Hearts changed ownership last month but former assistant Billy Brown says he would snap up the talented youngester if he had the chance.
LOCKE is the frontrunner to replace Sandy Clark although he faces a decision on whether to return to football as a No.2.
THE ex-Hibee, one of 11 players released by the club yesterday, had hoped to bring the curtain down on his career at Easter Road by keeping them in the top flight.
THE Jambos kid is set to jet off for relaxing break knowing club's future is in good hands.
GORDON admits that the sacking of Gary Locke was harsh but Hearts had a good reason for it - unlike St Mirren's parting with Danny Lennon.
CHRIS ROBERTS answers your calls on the treatment of sacked managers, Gary Locke and Danny Lennon by their former clubs and looks ahead to today's Scottish Cup Final clash.
THE 38-year-old's time in charge was a rollercoaster from start to finish and he refused to bad mouth the club he loves as he accepted his manager of the month award.
CHRIS ROBERTS answers your calls on the managerial changes at Hearts and St Mirren and on the latest twist in the battle for Rangers.
THE former Gorgie boss could see the irony of collecting the SPFL's Manager of the Month but is pleased with what he achieved in his spell in charge at the club that he loves.
MICHAEL looks back over an eventful past few days at Tynecastle and says that while Craig Levein seems like the perfect appointment, new owner Ann Budge is taking a big gamble.
GORDON PARKS answers your calls and hears from Hearts fans angry about the way Locke has been treated and a few readers who weren't surprised to see Tommy Craig step into Danny Lennon's shoes.
DAVID looks back at the events of Monday when Gary Locke and Danny Lennon lost their jobs at Hearts and St Mirren respectively and insists both deserved better.
NEWLY appointed Hearts director of football Levein insists the future direction of the club couldn't be based on an emotional decision
COLIN DUNCAN takes your calls as Ann Budge's ruthless start to her reign at Hearts draws comparisons to the Iron Lady.
LEVEIN says telling Locke he was no longer required at Tynecastle was one of the most difficult things he's had to do in football.
T&Cs apply


text:
ASICS ZR3417 Ambassador Messenger Briefcase
Buy 24 or more for $35.70 each
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- Description
- Shipping
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* Large main compartment
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text:
Promised Land Baptist Church of Canaan
About Promised Land Baptist Church: I would like you to know that my primary desire is that you hear something from God when you attend Promised Land Baptist Church. This can only happen if the Word of God is preached, and so that is our focus. We sing plenty of the good old hymns and genuinely give time to praying together here at the mid-week service. However, we believe the Bible to be a timeless book and that God is still saying what he has always said and that the Word of God is the most relevant book in existence and forever will be. We sincerely hope that you will join us this Sunday! I personally look forward to meeting you.
This listings have been viewed 253 times.
Church Name: Promised Land Baptist Church
Address: 29 Granite Avenue Canaan CT 06018
Phone Number: 860-824-5685
Affliation: Independent, Fundamental, King James Only
Member Size: 1-100 Members |
Baptist's Online


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O (Omicron) O (Omicron) A permanent installation directed by Romain Tardy & Thomas Vaquié Hala Stulecia, Wroclaw, Poland.
When opened, Hala Stulecia was the largest reinforced concrete structure in the world. With a diameter of 65m it was home to the largest dome built since the Pantheon in Rome eighteen centuries earlier. The piece proposed for the Centennial Hall of Wroclaw is based around the notion of timelessness in architecture, and the idea of what future has meant throughout the 20th century. By using references such as Fritz Lang's Metropolis or the utopian projects of Archigram to confront the different visions of the future at different times, Romain Tardy and Thomas Vaquié were interested in trying to create a vision of a future with no precise time reference. A timeless future. The ABC of Architects. 106 of the most beloved Street Art Photos. On Facebook.
More info. Hey and welcome to 2012 years collection from Street Art Utopia on Facebook! Click on a photo and you make it bigger and can post a comment on it. More info. Death by Architecture. Introducción a la medición de ángulos horizontales « Doble Vía · Ingeniería Civil. Fablist. Architecture and design.


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Revised Standard Version (RSV) | New International Version (NIV) |
18 The LORD made it known to me and I knew; then thou didst show me their evil deeds. | 18 Because the LORD revealed their plot to me, I knew it, for at that time he showed me what they were doing. |
Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright 1952 [2nd edition, 1971] by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved. (Revised Standard Version - Holy Bible) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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So, after a tremendous amount of research, I've decided to go with a Lacanche range in our new build. I'm torn between two seemingly different choices. The first is the Citeaux in corail blue (essentially a Tiffany blue); the second is the Sully 2200 in matte black. As we are going for a soft vintage vibe, I'm planning to do brass and stainless trim. We are building a coastal style home. The kitchen can easily accommodate either size, but we are at the point in design when I must choose one and stick with it to complete the other elements. My other design choices will be white cabs, honed Danby marble, and a pickled/lightly white-washed white oak flooring. Walls will probably be a soft yellow toned ivory. (Think eggnog in color...) Any input would be greatly appreciated. Thanks so much! |
This post was edited by twobelles on Mon, Jul 21, 14 at 10:29
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by terri_pacnw (My Page) on Mon, Jul 21, 14 at 11:08
The Coral Blue is beautiful. It could be your wow "piece" of your space. I think if you love it, have always loved it, then go for it. Everytime you see it, it will make you smile and happy. What other color options would be used for your other appliances? |
- Posted by sjhockeyfan (My Page) on Mon, Jul 21, 14 at 11:42
They'll both be stunning (of course). I love to tell other people to go for color, but have a hard time pulling the trigger myself, so I understand your dilemma (mine is with adding some color to my taupe-grey-black-white great room). I hope you decide to go for the blue, especially since it's been your lifelong favorite color! |
- Posted by pricklypearcactus (My Page) on Mon, Jul 21, 14 at 11:49
Wow, I'd say go for corail blue. It's a very soft color and it sounds like it would work really well with your coastal look of white, pale gray, and light wood. Based on image searches, I really love the look of the Citeaux: very balanced and lovely. But if you feel like the Sully 2200 would be more functional, I think that would look beautiful in corail blue as well. Only you can know if it's going to be too much color, but I would hands down choose corail blue in either range. Have you tried putting together a mood board with something like Olioboard? I think you could get a good idea of what the look would be with either range. |
All the words you wrote say "go for the corail bleu". Go for it, and don't look back. It will be perfect for a beach house with your other elements, plus you'll have fun with accents. |
Go for it! You've already designed the kitchen around Corail Blue. :) IF you're going to chicken out, black is the wrong alternative. One thing to note is that a large expanse of your favorite color might be enough. Like the lady who wore purple all the time, then painted her house purple and felt freed up to wear all kinds of different colors because she had so much purple around her. Not that you'll get tired of it! Just that it might give you your daily fix and when you see other things in your favorite blue, you might shrug rather than being attracted to it. That's a might, and it's not a bad thing. Just a thing. So if you don't want to go for it totally, the step back would be to delft blue which is a 250 year old soft vintage kind of color, and totally classic for this kind of range. And a sea and sky color that's just a little less vibrant. If your gut response is "Are you kidding me?? I want Corail Blue!!" you have your answer. If part of you is thinking that it might be better in the space even though the other is your very favoritest color ever, then that's worth thinking about. Oh, but if matte black is the spouse's choice, I guess it does deserve thinking about. There might be another color that's not the top of either of your lists that both of you like. Like naming someone. But why color for the smaller range and not for the large Sully? I think the bigger they are, the more they need color! In fact, I've seen quite a few behemoth ranges, and they are almost all light colors or bright red. Who wants a sucking black hole in the kitchen? It's not like you're trying to have a continuous black space with black cabinets on either side... |
Thanks so much for the input! Especially since y'all are in favor of the corail blue! ;) Terri_pacnw, our other appliances will be paneled to match the cabs Sjhockeyfan, I hunk you're right! Pricklypearcactus, excellent suggestion! I think it will get started on that... Gooster, you're prob right since I felt relieved that y'all agreed with the blue. Plllog, you've brought up some very valid points. The black was not DH's choice, it was my "safe" choice. At this point, I think he will be thrilled if I just decide and quit discussing it! I had to laugh about your suggestion of the delft blue and your follow up comment, "are you kidding me?" Because when I read delft blue (which I think is beautiful, BTW) my nose actually scrunched up a bit. So, I guess I may Thanks for your input, keep those comments coming! |
- Posted by rococogurl (My Page) on Mon, Jul 21, 14 at 17:39
Go for it. The color will make the kitchen your own. HB did a whole piece on a kitchen done by Tom Scheerer, who's a terrific designer. It including the range and some lovely tile with dots of the same aqua.(link below) |
Here is a link that might be useful: Tom Scheerer kitchen
- Posted by terri_pacnw (My Page) on Mon, Jul 21, 14 at 18:00
It'll be your statement piece, I say go with the blue. |
- Posted by kitchendetective (My Page) on Mon, Jul 21, 14 at 18:34
Any questions? |
Thank y'all so much for the encouragement to take the plunge! In my area, most people choose dark cabs and Mediterranean style. Light colors and a coastal look are not common at all. So, it is harder to choose such an investment piece when it is so "out of the box." Rococogurl, thanks for the link! Terri_pacnw, thanks for the encouragement! Kitchen detective, LOVE it! That pic makes me smile! |
- Posted by terri_pacnw (My Page) on Mon, Jul 21, 14 at 23:12
See I told you! It'll make you smile, maybe even giggle to yourself. I wish I could afford something like that and I'd need a much bigger kitchen too. Lol |
- Posted by breezygirl (My Page) on Tue, Jul 22, 14 at 3:09
That color! Oh that color is gorgeous! Please do it. And then post loooooooots of photos of it. |
Well, that's an easy one! If you should be in a position to wish to sell your house stipulate that you're keeping the range and it isn't included. Let your agent know that you'll leave it if that's a stipulation on an offer. :) People want what they're told they can't have... |
- Posted by kitchendetective (My Page) on Tue, Jul 22, 14 at 9:20
Full disclosure, DH and I are eyeing a baby Cormatin and I am staring at a coral blue enamel chip. It would be going in a laundry room for use by guests staying in the guest room and it would be next to parrot green cabinets. I am afraid there is not enough contrast with the green, and the walls are Farrow and Ball Blue Ground to boot. Fabrics on bench and windows are Sunbrella Dupioni in Paradise with Sapphire welting, and a narrow striped cotton that has aqua, lime green, turquoise, royal blue, powder blue, Delft blue (which, to me, is a deeper, more vivid blue than the Lacanche version), and parrot green. (Not for the colorphobic, LOL!) The Portuguese blue would provide brightness and contrast, but that coral keeps beckoning. Plus, DH loves the mandarin with the cabinets. That would mean changing my fabrics, I fear. |
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Can someone suggest good shrubs to plant on a steep slope to prevent erosion and keep out weeds? I live north of Atlanta.
Basically, we are going to have to cut down two dead trees on a slope in front of my house. The slope's quite steep and I'm concerned that once the trees are gone, they will be overgrown with weeds. I don't think pinestraw or landscape fabric will hold up in strong rain. I'm not keen on English Ivy or invasive ground covers. Any ideas on what plants/shrubs can do the trick? |
Follow-Up Postings:
Juniper is a tried and true plant for that situation. |
Juniper would be my first sugestion as well although, you could try Cotoneaster, Vica major (plant this one at the top of the hill since it likes to grow down), Pachysandra or Creeping Raspberry as well. Invasive is a relative term when dealing with groundcovers. These aren't impossible to contain but, like most grouncovers, can spread widely in a short time. |
- Posted by trivedi_south (My Page) on Sun, May 2, 10 at 22:54
I have the same issue. I put garden fabric year before last and junipers every 3-4 ft and I have soil erosion everywhere. The junipers are not spreading as fast as I thought they would. Would there be fruit trees I could grow that could grow well on slope? |
- Posted by girlgroupgirl 8 Atlanta (My Page) on Sun, May 2, 10 at 23:11
Any fruit that tends to get fireblight is apparently a good choice for a slope. Keep in mind you have to prune to have access to the fruit, that the slope shouldn't be too steep and that good drainage is a must but they don't like to be constantly dry (to get good fruit and keep disease away). Apples and pears are great fruit for slopes. I came across some stuff on the internet from the 90's where a farmer in Georgia was discussing the benefits of fruit on slopes. That is where I plant to plant mine! (and no, I didn't keep that link!! d'oh!) |
Thanks everyone. What varieties/cultivars of Juniper are native to the area or tend to do well in Georgia? |
All the groundcover junipers are non-native, but they are not invasive. 'Blue Pacific' is a nice one, in my opinion; more attractive than 'Blue Rug' which stays quite low. A native groundcover shrub (but which is not evergreen) is fragrant sumac - Rhus aromatica 'Gro-Low' . I am not sure where you can get it. |
Hey Esh -- I'm still working on my slope too. And I'm VERY glad I am doing it slowly to prevent erosion. After last night and today, I think all my dirt would be down the hill and on the sidewalk. So far, so good -- the gradual removal of grass and new plantings seems to be working. About the two junipers.... Are you saying that Blue Pacific gets sort of tall? (I know that is a relative term. It's still a groundcover.) I originally thought Blue Rug would be good -- and I like that it is low. I'm going to do junipers sort of in the middle of the area, with other taller stuff around it for contrast. I'd like to hear more about your opinions on this -- why Pacific vs. Rug..... Is height the only factor in your preference? Does one spread faster or anything? I want to plant the right thing! Thanks! |
- Posted by trivedi_south (My Page) on Mon, May 3, 10 at 8:45
Thank you GGG aka garden goddess :-)). Do you have a particular nursery that you are partial to? Is it online? Could you kindly share. Would fig grow well on the slope? I think I would like dwarf varieties of apple and pear...sounds like a plan. Thank you all!! |
You are right to work your project slowly, bagsmom, and today's rain is a perfect day to prove that. I suppose it is a personal preference, but I have never seen 'Blue Rug' look good - it is too short and weeds that do pop up in it are easily seen so it always looks a bit messy to me. 'Blue Pacific' is a bit taller (perhaps 8-12 inches) so that weeds seem to have a harder time getting enough light to be a problem. Blue pacific picture: Blue rug picture: |
- Posted by girlgroupgirl 8 Atlanta (My Page) on Mon, May 3, 10 at 11:46
In the South, Semi-dwarf fruiting rootstock is more common especially locally. You can prune fruit to whatever size you like to keep canopy low and small but you also need to ensure then that you prune to a more open canopy as fruit cut low tends to make dense foliage (when then causes low fruiting due to shade). You are late for fruit planting now. Most nurseries have put their fruit stock into dormancy through cold storage. I like Johnsons, there is also Lawson's Applies, for bare root you can try Isons but I've been none too thrilled with them. |
Thanks Esh! The weed deterrent factor is enough to sell me on the Blue Pacific! |
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All Autobots and DecepticonsAll Autobot and Decepticon are unlocked for every mission once the game is beaten. |
Completion bonusComplete the game to unlock the following Autobots and Decepticons: |
Walk on air in Water Treatment Plant:Play the Water Treatment Plant mission and go into the building. Go up the first ramp, then go left. Shoot the big window there and, when you get out, there will be a bridge. Jump off the right side of the bridge and you will be walking on air. |
Infinite healthFor infinite health, pause the game during gameplay and insert the following password: SQUARE, TRIANGLE, LEFT TRIGGER, RIGHT TRIGGER, UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT. |


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Rating: | 6 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 9 |
Clean Restrooms: | |||||
Clean Showers: |
This is another park we stayed at because we were unable to have an extended stay at our preferred park in Deadwood because it was fully booked for the Cool Deadwood Nights weekend. The rate was Passport America and we had a full hookup, gravel, pull-through site that was not level. The cable TV is somewhat minimal (15 channels) and some of them were not clear and/or had no sound. The park had no more than 40 RVs in it the night we were there. Some of those appeared to be extended stay. The Wi-Fi network was OK but that may be because of how few customers were there. I have been here before around this time of year, so I don't know what the park is like when it is anywhere near full. Amenities and facilities like the small pool, the Internet, and the bathhouse/laundry would be completely inadequate with full park of 300-400 customers. Yes, the traffic noise from SD-79 is loud and constant - even overnight. - Jerry S
Nice campground, gravel parking with grassy area and picnic table. Our site faced a green field with horses, very pretty. We were in the back row away from the highway, so it was quieter than the front rows. About 15 miles from Mt. Rushmore, we would stay here again. Our rate was a Passport America rate, very reasonable for the area. - Joe Bounder
This campground appears to be an pasture that had gravel thinly spread to carve out campsites. The utilities are fine but the water pressure is severely lacking.The pool area, showers and laundry are adequate, even though the showers are the smallest I've seen. It's OK as a base while visiting the area. Forget about sitting outside. As I said, this place is a converted cow pasture. There isn't a shade tree within 5 miles. Bring extra fly swatters. You will be swarmed if you step outside your coach. Then 20 flies will follow you as you retreat indoors.The grass was over ankle high the first 5 days we were here.PA rate isn't worth it We won't return. - jbhouk


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reviews & comments (55)
As many reviewers suggested, I doubled the wine and clam juice. I think I may squeeze a slice or two of lemon over the top. My husband says it was much better after it sat for 45 minutes or so. I may also attempt to not cook pasta all the way but rather immerse it in the sauce to cook for the last 5 minutes. It was exceptional as is.
The onion masks the briny flavor of the clams. It was tasty enough but I prefer a more traditional clam sauce. I agree with the others who recommend more liquid.
I used canned cherrystone clams and put the water from the can instead of the clam juice. Also topped the pasta with a little fresh grated cheese. Tasty!
Linguini with White Clam Sauce is one of my favorite Italian dishes. This recipe, for me, was ruined by the onion. It was overpowering. Even with more than 6 cloves of garlic, I could barely taste the it over the onion in the finished product.
I doubled this recipe to make for our Christmas Eve dinner. It was delicious and easy. Before adding the cockles to the liquid, I soaked them in a flour/water bath so they would release whatever grit was in them. In addition to the cockles, I also added about 1 cup of chopped clams with their juice.
I have tried two other linguine with clams recipes from Epicurious and this is hands-down the best I have tried. The consistency is not too heavy and the flavor is wonderful. I used 2 cup of chopped clams instead of fresh as that is what I had in the pantry. I doubled the liquid as others have suggested (which I feel is a must with this recipe). I added about a teaspoon of cornstarch dissolved in clam juice to help the sauce adhere to the pasta. Once the pasta was added to the sauce, all of the sauce was absorbed. To moisten the pasta, I added some of the pasta water and more clam juice to get the consistency just right. I also used a bit of fish sauce at the end instead of salt to taste. Note: The is not a traditional white sauce as the title implies, all the liquid is absorbed by the pasta. Generally when it comes to pasta, I am a sauce person. However, this was so tasty I didn't miss the sauce.
Also doubled liquid ingredients for sauce (clam juice and wine) and bottom line...big hit with my family. A little tomato paste (2tsp) is a nice addition as well...cuts the heat from the pepper flakes. Bravo! Definitely will make again.


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This cheerful space adapts to your growing baby's needs and provides endless ways to play. This Deluxe Edition features a Plush musical Ladybug, removable Prop Pillow, and Plush Snuggle & Teethe.
This cheerful space adapts to your growing baby's needs and provides endless ways to play. This Deluxe Edition features a Plush musical bird, removable prop pillow, and Plush Teether Pal.
Baby's Playplace Deluxe - Pretty in Pink |
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Comments about Baby's Playplace Deluxe - Pretty in Pink:
I have no complaints concerning this product. My baby loves it and I also think it looks adorable. The music isn't annoying either, I actually enjoy it... caught myself humming one of it's tunes the other day while washing bottles... Louisa is my first baby and she isn't out of my arms often. And a lot of the times if I do set her down she starts crying.. well fake crying.. until I pick her up again. Spoiled princess, I know. But, more often than not she is completely ok with being laid down in this and will actually entertain herself, too.
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US 6456407 B1 Abstract The invention relates to an optical telecommunications network comprising several nodes (N1 . . . N8) interconnected by optical transmission paths that form several working rings (R1 . . . R5), each of which passes via every node (N1 . . . N8). Information is transmitted in the network at several different wavelengths. To ensure that the network can be implemented as cost-effectively as possible, it comprises N nodes (N1 . . . N8), N/2 working rings (R1 . . . R4), and N wavelengths (I1 to I4) in such a way that each node in the group of nodes is configured to receive signals at all the wavelengths in the group of wavelengths from only one of the rings in the group of rings as well as to transmit to at least all those rings in the group of rings from which the said node does not receive.
Claims(11) 1. An optical telecommunications network comprising several nodes (N1 to N4) interconnected by optical transmission paths that form several working rings (R1 to R5), each of which passes via every node, in which network information is transmitted at several different wavelengths, characterized in that
the network comprises a group of nodes (N1 to N8) including N nodes, a group of working rings including N/2 working rings (R1 to R4), and a group of wavelengths including N/2 wavelengths (λ1 to λ4) in such a way that each node in the group of nodes is configured to receive signals at all the wavelengths in the group of wavelengths from only one of the rings in the group of rings, and to transmit at only one wavelength in the group of wavelengths at least to those rings in the group of rings from which that particular node does not receive signals.
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Description This application is a continuation of PCT/FI99/00114 filed Feb. 12, 1999. The invention relates to optical telecommunications in general, and in particular to an optical telecommunications network that uses Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is an efficient way of multiplying the capacity of optical fibre. In wavelength division multiplexing, several independent transmitter-receiver pairs use the same fibre. FIGS. 1a and 1 b illustrate the principle of wavelength division multiplexing, using as an example a system having four parallel transmitter-receiver pairs. Each of the four information sources (not shown in the figure) modulates one of four optical transmitters, each of which generates light at a different wavelength (λ1 . . . λ4). As will be seen from FIG. 1a, the modulation bandwidth of each source is smaller than the distance between the wavelengths, and thus the spectra of the modulated signals do not overlap. The signals generated by the transmitters are combined onto the same optical fibre OF in a WDM multiplexer WDM1, which is a fully optical (and often passive) component. At the opposite end of the fibre, a WDM demultiplexer WDM2, which is also a fully optical (and often passive) component, separates the different spectral components of the combined signal from one another. Each of these signals is detected at a discrete receiver. Hence, a narrow wavelength window is assigned for the use of each signal in a given wavelength range. A typical practical example might be a system where the signals are in the 1550 nm wavelength range for example in such a way that the first signal is at the wavelength 1544 nm, the second signal at the wavelength 1548 nm, the third signal at the wavelength 1552 nm and the fourth signal at the wavelength 1556 nm. Nowadays a multiple of 100 GHz (approx. 0.8 nm) is becoming the de facto standard for the distance between wavelengths. In order to enable a given wavelength channel to be branched off a transmission link using wavelength division multiplexing or a given wavelength channel to be added thereinto, an element called an add/drop filter has been developed. The task of an optical add/drop filter is (1) to direct off a selected narrow-band channel (wavelength) from the optical aggregate signal that passes in the fibre incoming to the filter (drop function) and/or (2) to add to the fibre outgoing from the filter a narrow-band channel (add function). The signals (wavelengths) that have not been selected for dropping pass through the add/drop element from the incoming fibre to the outgoing fibre. Thus a desired narrow-band channel is added or dropped in the filter without otherwise affecting the spectrum of the optical aggregate signal in any way. FIG. 2 illustrates the structure of a known three-port add/drop filter OADE. References L1 . . . L3 denote port-specific lenses and reference F an interference filter. The incoming fibre is connected to port A, through which a number of wavelength channels (λ1 . . . λ4) arrive. One of the wavelength channels (in this example λ1) passes through the interference filter F (and lenses L1 and L2) to port B. The remaining wavelength channels also pass through lens L1 but are reflected from the interference filter (through lens L3) to port C. The wavelength of the channel entering port B is a fixed, filter-specific constant. The filter operates in both directions, and hence the adding function is achieved in such a way that the existing channels are fed to port C and a channel to be added to port B, and hence all channels are obtained from port A. A three-port filter of the kind described above is manufactured for example by Optical Corporation of America, U.S.A. The existing optical telecommunications systems based on wavelength division multiplexing have mostly been point-to-point systems used on high-capacity long-distance connections (trunk lines). However, optical transmission technology is being continually developed to be able to implement the lowest layers of broadband network architectures as fully optical systems, which would make it possible to handle the transmission of high-capacity information flows by purely optical means (i.e. using optical cross-connection and routing). After the point-to-point systems, optical networks allowing add/drop functions, such as ring networks, will be the next step in this development. To make it possible to configure this type of network flexibly in response to traffic loads, add/drop filters have been graded to network elements allowing free selection of the wavelengths to be dropped and/or added. This type of add/drop device is, thus, a network element that can be configured to allow free selection of the wavelengths to be dropped/added. The following section will provide a brief description of a typical ring network with reference to FIG. 3. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the network is used for transmitting SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) signals, but the type of signal carried by each wavelength can, naturally, vary. The signal can also be a PDH (Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy) signal or an ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) signal, for example. In this example, the ring network features four nodes consisting of the add/drop devices OADM1 to OADM4. For both directions of transmission, there is a dedicated ring. Between the nodes, there is an optical transmission connection consisting of optical fibres OF, and wavelength division multiplexing, as described above, is used on each one-way connection between two nodes. In the example, four wavelengths (λ1 . . . λ4) and one management wavelength (λm) are used, but it is understood that the number of wavelengths used in the network may vary and be even higher. Each add/drop device may have an interface to the control system ONC of the device and/or of the entire optical network, which allows all the add/drop devices in the network to be configured as desired. The management system is otherwise in the SDH equipment except that the add/drop multiplexers can be configured through the management system of the optical network. The optical signal from the SDH device is connected to the ring network at the selected wavelength. A desired number of wavelengths is defined for node-to-node connections in accordance with the traffic needs. In other words, the routing configurations corresponding to the various wavelengths can be changed in response to traffic load. Using the management signal carried by the management wavelengths, it is possible to configure each individual node to drop/add the desired wavelengths. As shown in the figure at node OADM1, there may be a dedicated drop element MCD for node management wavelength in both directions to drop the control channel at the management wavelength λm to the node control unit CU, which, then, converts the signal into an electric signal and controls the add/drop part AD of the node as indicated by the management signal to drop the desired channels into the SDH equipment and to add the desired wavelengths from the SDH equipment. In addition to the drop element, there is an add element MCA for both transmission directions to add the management channel from the control unit CU to the signal being transmitted by the node. Node management can also be effected directly by means of a local control interface (optical or electric) to control each node individually through the local interface; node management can also be effected using both a local control interface and the network management channel, so that a signal can be connected to the network management channel via the local control interface. Each wavelength can, for example, be used to carry an STM-N (Synchronous Transport Module) signal, such as STM-16 (N=16). In the example of FIG. 3, it has been simply presumed that wavelength λ1 corresponds to SDH device SDH1, wavelength λ2 corresponds to SDH device SDH2, wavelength λ3 corresponds to SDH device SDH3 and wavelength λ4 corresponds to SDH device SDH4. One important consideration besides the cost-effectiveness of the network is its reliability in operation. To ensure this, ring networks usually feature a protection system with optical switches to make it possible to create the required connection via the remaining ring in the event that a connection between two nodes fails. With the increased use of ring networks, optical telecommunications networks will increasingly be implemented as networks covering a more limited geographical area. In the next phase, the networks will typically be regional networks with a diameter 10 to 100 km. Since the number of nodes and different interfaces in such networks will increase dramatically, it is of growing importance that the basic network architecture ensures maximum cost-effectiveness. Because the WDM technology is still expensive for the user, it is vital that the network offers as versatile data transmission capabilities as possible right from the beginning as well as scalability in anticipation of future transmission needs. Another important point in the interest of cost-effectiveness is that all the network components can be implemented at as low a cost as possible. As far as optical receivers are concerned, they are capable of receiving several wavelengths. However, transmitters, for example, usually operate only at one wavelength. Transmitters operating at multiple wavelengths have been developed, but they are clearly more complicated to manufacture and control than single-wavelength transmitters. Therefore, it would be useful if networks where a connection can be established between any two nodes (such as in a total mesh network), would, at least initially, be able to manage with one single-wavelength transmitter at each node (excluding the spare transmitter). The purpose of the invention is to provide an optical telecommunications network that will help to achieve the objectives described above as effectively as possible. This is accomplished by the solution defined in the independent patent claims. From the point of view of network architecture and functionality, there are two parameters that can be used to influence the cost-effectiveness of the basic architecture: the (number of) wavelengths used, and the fibres to which each wavelength is fed. The invention is based on the fact that usually when installations are made, a number of extra optical fibres are laid in anticipation of future needs. Since the existing installations already incorporate such �dark� or single-wavelength fibres, they can be utilised at the expense of the wavelengths used. The idea is to use N nodes, N/2 working rings and N/2 wavelengths as an operational network or sub-network in such a way that each node is configured to receive at all wavelengths from only one of the rings in the group of rings and to transmit at a single wavelength at least to all those rings in the group of rings from which it does not receive. The network topology arrived at in this process consists of a combination of a ladder and ring structure (a ladder bent to the shape of a ring with the nodes constituting the rungs). A working ring is a ring that is used in normal operation (when there are no faults in the network). In addition to the working rings the network usually features protection rings to be used in case of a network failure. Using a solution in accordance with the invention, it is possible to use no more than one single-wavelength transmitter at each node to enable the node to set up a connection with any other node in the network. A single transmission frequency offers the additional advantage that if the node includes several transmitters, one of them can serve as a spare transmitter for all the other transmitters. The basic structure of the network also allows-flexible extension. In other words, new connections and nodes can be added to the network with great flexibility. To upscale, reconfigure and combine networks, known methods suitable for physical ring topologies can be used. The inventions and its preferred embodiments are described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9 using the examples illustrated in the attached drawings, in which FIGS. 1a and 1 b illustrate an optical transmission system that makes use of wavelength division multiplexing; FIG. 2 shows a known add/drop filter that can be used to add/drop a single wavelength; FIG. 3 illustrates a known optical ring network; FIG. 4 shows the basic network architecture according to the invention; FIG. 5 illustrates the appearance and direction of travel of various wavelengths in the network shown in FIG. 4; FIG. 6 illustrates one preferred embodiment of the network in accordance with the invention; FIG. 7a illustrates another preferred embodiment of the network in accordance with the invention; FIG. 7b shows the network of FIG. 7a in one failure mode; FIG. 7c shows the network of FIG. 7a in another failure mode; FIGS. 8a and 8 b illustrate the two positions of the switches used for protection; FIG. 9 illustrates a known method of providing protection for a network in accordance with the invention; FIGS. 10a and 10 b illustrate the use of a spare transmitter at a node. In FIG. 4, the optical network in accordance with the invention is shown in its basic set-up, i.e. in a set-up where only one wavelength channel exists between any two nodes. However, the network is complete in the sense that any one node is capable of communicating with any other node in the network. The network shown as an example in FIG. 4 features a total of eight nodes N1 . . . N8, numbered clockwise starting from the topmost node in the figure. The nodes are inter-connected by a total of four fibre rings R1 to R4 (numbering starting from the outermost ring towards the innermost). In fact, each fibre ring consists of two fibres, each constituting one half of the ring. The network operates at four wavelengths λ1 to λ4, represented in the figure by different arrows such that wavelength λ1 is represented by an arrow consisting of a solid line and a black head, wavelength λ2 by an arrow consisting of a broken line and a black head, wavelength λ3 by an arrow consisting of a solid line and a white head, wavelength λ4 by an arrow consisting of a broken line and a white head. Each node transmits at only one of the wavelengths, while two nodes transmit at a specific wavelength. However, each node receives at all four wavelengths to ensure that each node can receive transmissions for any node in the network. For each node, the figure shows the receiver R and transmitter TR which, for the sake of clarity, is depicted as split into two on both sides of the receiver R. In addition, the figure shows, for each node, the demultiplexer DM (reference mark only for node N1), which separates (using a known technique) the wavelengths coming in from the incoming fibre and directs them to their respective reception fibres connected to the node receiver R. The different arrows at each demultiplexer output indicate the wavelengths arriving at the node from each fibre. As the figure shows, each node receives signals from a specific (single) ring, while a total of two nodes receive from the same ring; nodes N1 and N5 receive signals from ring R1, nodes N4 and N8 from ring R2, nodes N3 and N7 from ring R3, and nodes N2 and N6 from ring R4. Each node transmits signals at its specific wavelength to all rings. The nodes transmit only in one direction in rings from which they receive, but in both directions in all other rings. In the figure, the different arrows drawn from transmitter TR illustrate the transmission wavelength and the directions of transmission used by each node. The logical structure of the network is symmetrical relative to the assumed centre point C. In other words, each node has, on the opposite side of the centre point C, a counterpart or mirror-image node that transmits to the same rings at the same wavelength as the mirror-image node and receives from the same ring as the mirror-image node. In the ring from which the mirror-image nodes receive they transmit in opposite directions. FIG. 4 shows the routes via which each node is capable of communicating with the other nodes. When a node wishes to communicate with another node, it transmits in the selected direction of transmission to the ring from which the other node receives. For example, if node N1 wishes to communicate with node N2, it transmits to ring R4 in the direction of node N2. Based on the direction from which the signal is received, node N2 knows that the signal being received at wavelength λ1 comes from node N1 (and not from its mirror-image node N5). When node N2, in turn, wishes to transmit to node N1, it transmits at its specific wavelength to ring R1 in the direction of node N1. If node N1 transmits in the opposite direction (counter-clockwise) to ring R4, the signal is received by node N6 whose location in the network is symmetrical to that of node N2 and which is, thus, the �mirror-image� node of node N2. FIG. 5 illustrates the appearance and direction of travel of various wavelengths in one half of the outer ring (R1) shown in FIG. 4. Along the entire length of the fibre, the situation is that of the several signals passing a single given point, some travel in the opposite direction to the others. Despite this, the fibre contains no point where the signal of a single wavelength would travel in two opposite directions (reflections are eliminated). In other words, point P1 lacks the wavelength λ2, point P2 lacks the wavelength λ3 and point P3 the wavelength λ4. In the network shown in FIG. 4, the node and its counterpart nodes (nodes Ni and N(i+4) where i=1, 2 3 or 4) share the ring from which they receive half and half, so that the first node uses the first half to transmit to the second node and the second node uses the second half to transmit to the first node. As a result, the counterpart nodes communicate with each other using physically different cables. In some cases, the distance between counterpart nodes may, in real-life networks, differ greatly according to the direction of travel. This potential drawback can be overcome by introducing to the network an additional ring to carry transmissions from some of the nodes. This embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 6, where such a ring (the fifth ring) R5 is installed as the outermost ring in the network. From this ring, signals are dropped to nodes N1 to N4 using the add/drop unit D associated with each node (drop function only). Nodes N5 to N8 transmit to this ring so that node Ni transmits in the direction of node N(i−1) (counter-clockwise in the figure), and the wavelength channel sent by the node is dropped to its counterpart node. When protection is to be provided for this type of network, the easiest way of doing so is to add a dedicated protection ring to each individual ring. FIG. 7a illustrates protection in the network shown in FIG. 6. For the sake of simplicity, FIG. 7a only shows ring R5 and ring R4 and its protection ring PR4, which runs along the outer edge of the network. In FIG. 7a, the network is rotated relative to FIG. 6, so that node N2, which receives from the protection ring R4, is shown at the top. The protection ring consists of two halves inter-connected at the nodes that receive from the protection ring (R4) (i.e. node N2 and its counterpart node N6). For this purpose, optical circulators C1 (node N2) and C2 (node N6) are provided at these nodes. At both nodes, the ends of the protection ring halves are connected to the input terminals of the optical 2�2 switch (S1 and S14). The output terminals of the switches are, in turn, connected to the first and second port of the circulator. The third port of the circulator is connected via the switch (S2 or S13) to the receiving multiplexer. The circulator operates in the same way as a conventional non-optical circulator, i.e. power fed into any of the ports exits from the next port. Switches S1 and S14 have a through-connection position as shown in FIG. 8a, where the switch connects the input terminal K to the output terminal M and the input terminal L to the output terminal N, and a cross-connection position as shown in FIG. 8b, where the switch connects the input terminal K to the output terminal N and the input terminal L to the output terminal M. The rest of the switches are of a type that allows selection of either input for connection to the output. The nodes (N2 and N6) receiving from ring R4 can transmit to their counterpart nodes in either direction, while transmission from every other node to the ring takes place through the switches so that transmission to protection ring PR4 can be switched to either direction. In FIG. 7a, this feature is evident in that at node N3 transmission takes place via switches S5 and S6, at node N4 via switches S8 and S9, at node N5 via switches S10 and S11, etc., and at node N1 via switches S22 and S23. Moreover, all the nodes (N5 to N8) transmitting to ring R5 can transmit in either direction in the ring. Each node also offers the possibility of selecting which wavelength channels are received from which direction. These routing configurations are explained in more detail below with reference to two different failure modes. FIG. 7a shows the network in normal operation where all the connections operate normally, while FIG. 7b depicts a situation where there is a break in the left-hand part of the network, and FIG. 7c a situation where there is break in the right-hand part of the network. To illustrate the routes between the nodes, the positions of all switches are shown in the figures. In normal operation as shown in FIG. 7a, all the nodes transmit and receive in the same way as in FIG. 6. In other words, node N6 transmits to node N2 in a counter-clockwise direction via the right half of ring R5 (with node N2 receiving the signal through switch S3), node N2 transmits to node N6 in a clockwise direction via the right half of ring R4 (with node N6 receiving the signal via switch S15), while all other nodes transmit to ring R4 in both directions. in the situation shown in FIG. 7b, there is a break in the network between nodes N1 and N8. For the purposes of this example, it is assumed that all the fibres between the two nodes are broken. In the event of such a failure, nodes N7 and N8 switch their transmissions in ring R4 destined towards the break to protection ring PR4 towards node N6 by repositioning the switches S17 and S20 as shown in FIG. 7b. This signal passes via switch S14, circulator C2 and switch S14 to the other half of the protection ring and further on via switch S1, circulator C2 and switch S2 to the receiver at node N2. Similarly, node N1, by changing the position of switch S22, turns the transmission destined for ring R4 towards the break (to node N6) to protection ring PR4 towards node N2. This signal passes via switch S1, circulator C1 and switch S1 to the other half of the protection ring and further on via switch S14, circulator C2 and switch S6 to the receiver at node N6. As a result, all the nodes are capable of communicating with one another despite the break. In the situation shown in FIG. 7c, there is a break in the network between nodes N4 and N5. Contrary to normal operation as shown in FIG. 7a, nodes N3 and N4 switch their transmissions to ring R4 towards the break destined for node N6 to protection ring PR4 towards node N2. This is achieved by changing the positions of switches S6 and S9. These signals pass via switch S1, circulator C1 and switch S1 to the other half of the protection ring and further on via switch S14, circulator C2 and switch S13 to the receiver at node N6. In addition, the said nodes, as well as nodes N1 and N2 (i.e. all nodes receiving from ring R5) change the direction from which they receive from ring R5 because nodes N5 to N8 also reverse their transmission direction in respect of this ring (clockwise in the figure), as opposed to the normal operation illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7a. Furthermore, nodes N5 to N8 change the direction of transmission for their own transmission wavelength (by changing the positions of switches S12, S15, S18, and S21) because transmission from the counterpart node needs to take place in such a way that the break does not remain in between the transmitting and receiving node. FIGS. 7a to 7 c also show, by way of an example, the route of the wavelength channel through the network from node N1 to node N6 when the network operates normally and when there is a malfunction. This route is illustrated by arrows denoted by the letter P. All the other working rings in the network (in addition to ring R4) are protected in a similar fashion. Each protection ring features switches and circulators at those nodes that receive from the ring to be protected. In a failure mode as described above, the network management system, which was briefly outlined in connection with FIG. 3 above, correctly reconfigures the routes for each node depending on where in the network the fault exists. Configuration can also be effected in a distributed mode at individual nodes without a centralised management system. Because the response to failures takes place using a known method and because it is not directly related to the concept of the invention, no detailed description is provided here. To ensure correct operation, the management system must, however, receive information of a failure, or the node must be capable of detecting failures in the node itself or in its surroundings and respond to them appropriately. Although network protection is described with reference to the type of network shown in FIG. 6, where potential differences in delay are eliminated by using an additional ring (R5), protection can be provided, in a similar fashion, for the basic type of network shown in FIG. 4. The network is constructed in the same way, except that ring R5 and the related elements are omitted. Then, counterpart nodes use the same ring for mutual communications, as indicated in connection with FIG. 4. Although the method of protection described above is related to the invention, it should be noted that protection for the basic network (FIG. 4) can be provided using a known conventional method of protection, illustrated in FIG. 9 for a single node with one working ring WR and its protection ring PR. On both sides of each node, there are switches (SW_A and SW_B) that can be used to change the route of the signal. In normal operation with no faults in the network, the switches link the ends of the fibres as shown by solid lines drawn through the switches. In the case of a network failure, when, for example, the connection between two nodes is affected, the signal is switched from the working ring to the protection ring at the node located before the break in the working ring, and from the protection ring to the working ring at the node located after the break in the working ring. This ensures that the signal travels along the working ring in the forward direction and in the protection ring in the return direction. Potential switch positions in case of failure are indicated in the figures by dashed lines. A major benefit offered by the method of protection according to the invention, as compared with a known method of protection, is that the signal can always be made to take the shortest route available. In contrast, the advantage offered by the conventional method of protection is that the network is easier to manage because switch reversal data are only required at two points of the network. For the sake of clarity, the example used in the foregoing shows a network with only one wavelength channel between two nodes. To increase network capacity, it is possible to have more than one wavelength channel or more fibres or fibre rings than shown in the examples. Essential to the invention is that the type of pool described above, consisting of N nodes, N/2 fibre rings (all of them being working rings), and N/2 wavelength channels, are used as described above. Thus, a network constructed from this pool, as shown in FIG. 4 or 6, for example, can serve as an independent network or as a sub-network for a larger network. Also, the network in accordance with the invention is scalable on the optical layer by preserving the physical ring topology. Scalability means that the logical connections within the network are not broken when logical connections or nodes are added or removed. In addition, the network is, to a limited extent, scalable on the optical level into an arbitrarily connected physical and logical mesh topology. Moreover, the network is freely expandable by sharing network resources on the optical and electrical layer. When the physical ring topology is retained, the traffic matrix of the network can be reorganised in such a way that a logical connection can be set up between any two nodes using an optical channel. (The traffic matrix indicates the logical connections between the nodes.) In an arbitrarily connected physical and logical mesh topology, the traffic matrix can only be reorganised to a limited extent. In sub-networks, the reorganisation can be carried out by providing a logical connection between any two nodes on an optical channel. In an arbitrarily connected physical and logical mesh topology, the traffic matrix can be freely reorganised (within the limits imposed by network resources) by sharing network resources on the optical and electric layers. Another advantage offered by a solution in accordance with the invention is that if several transmitter components are used in the network, one transmitter component can serve as a common spare transmitter unit for all other transmitter units because they all transmit at the same wavelength. FIG. 10a illustrates a situation with three transmitter blocks TB1 to TB3 that are used in normal operation. The output of each operational transmitter block is connected to one of the two inputs of the corresponding optical 2�2 switch. In normal operation, all the switches are in the through-connection position as shown in FIG. 10a. The fourth transmitter block TB4 at the node is a common spare transmitter block whose output is connected through all the switches. If one of the transmitters fails, the corresponding switch is directed into the cross-connection position and the signal of the spare transmitter replaces that of the failed transmitter (and vice versa). FIG. 10b gives an example of a situation where transmitter block TB2 has failed. Moreover, the nodes need not be physically removed from one another, but several nodes can be located at one point. The node or its components can be distributed across the network, which makes it possible to provide additional channels where needed. In essence, the description given above relates to the logical structure of the network because its physical configuration may vary. Although the invention has been described above by means of examples with reference to the related drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the said embodiments but can be varied within the concept of the invention as presented in the attached patent claims. For example, various components, such as amplifiers, can be added to the network. If, for example, optical amplifiers are needed in the network, they should preferably be placed at the points denoted by OFA in FIG. 7a because then only those signals that are switched from one half of the protection ring to another are amplified. Patent Citations
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text:
New Living Translation (NLT) | New International Version (NIV) |
14 Because God's children are human beings -- made of flesh and blood -- Jesus also became flesh and blood by being born in human form. For only as a human being could he die, and only by dying could he break the power of the Devil, who had the power of death. | 14 Since the children have flesh and blood, he too shared in their humanity so that by his death he might destroy him who holds the power of death--that is, the devil-- |
Scripture quotations marked NLT are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright 1996. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Wheaton, Illinois 60189. All rights reserved. (New Living Translation - The Bible Online) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


text:
Heard on the Field
Holmes Likely to Miss
Rest of the Season
The mystery of Santonio Holmes's foot injury has been solved, and it's not good news for the Jets.
Holmes has been diagnosed with a Lisfranc injury—a displacement of one of the bones in his foot—and is likely to miss the rest of the season, a person with direct knowledge of Holmes's condition said Tuesday. A Jets spokesman declined to comment. General manager Mike Tannenbaum said in a text message, "We will know for sure tomorrow."
Holmes, who leads the Jets in receptions (20) and receiving yardage (272), hurt his foot during the team's 34-0 loss to the 49ers on Sunday. If Holmes does end up sidelined, the Jets would arguably field the least accomplished group of wideouts in the NFL. The remaining wide receivers on the active roster are Jeremy Kerley (who had 29 receptions last year), rookie Stephen Hill (who sat out Sunday's game with a hamstring injury), Chaz Schilens (who has not played a full NFL season since 2008), and Clyde Gates (who has three catches in his NFL career).
—Mike Sielski
Red Bulls Change GMs
The French invasion continued inside the Red Bulls' front office Tuesday as they appointed Jerome de Bontin their new general manager, replacing Erik Soler. De Bontin, formerly president of the French club AS Monaco, will primarily handle business operations. Sporting decisions will remain with Gerard Houiller—one-time manager of the French national team—who was hired in July.
—Joshua Robinson
Don't These Guys Play
The Same Position?
Knicks point guard Raymond Felton (below left) said Tuesday that he expects to play alongside Jason Kidd (below right) some this season, despite both playing the same position.
The pairing might be beneficial to Kidd. The 39-year-old backup has seen his production fall rapidly in recent years, and no longer drives the lane. But by moving to the second guard position, he could make use of a skill he has improved over time: His three-point shooting.
—Chris Herring