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Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis
The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA or HTPA axis), also known as the limbic–hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (LHPA axis) and, occasionally, as the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal–gonadotropic axis, is a complex set of direct influences and feedback interactions among three endocrine glands: the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland (a pea-shaped structure located below the hypothalamus), and the adrenal (also called "suprarenal") glands (small, conical organs on top of the kidneys).
The interactions among these organs constitute the HPA axis, a major part of the neuroendocrine system that controls reactions to stress and regulates many body processes, including digestion, the immune system, mood and emotions, sexuality and energy storage and expenditure. It is the common mechanism for interactions among glands, hormones, and parts of the midbrain that mediate the general adaptation syndrome (GAS).[1] While steroids are produced only by vertebrates, the physiological role of the HPA axis and corticosteroids in stress response is so fundamental that analogous systems can be found in invertebrates and monocellular organisms as well.
The key elements of the HPA axis are:
- The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, which contains neuroendocrine neurons that synthesize and secrete vasopressin and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). These two peptides regulate:
- The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. In particular, CRH and vasopressin stimulate the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), once known as corticotropin. ACTH in turn acts on:
- the adrenal cortex, which produces glucocorticoid hormones (mainly cortisol in humans) in response to stimulation by ACTH. Glucocorticoids in turn act back on the hypothalamus and pituitary (to suppress CRH and ACTH production) in a negative feedback cycle.
CRH and vasopressin are released from neurosecretory nerve terminals at the median eminence. CRH is transported to the anterior pituitary through the portal blood vessel system of the hypophyseal stalk and vasopressin is transported by axonal transport to the posterior pituitary. There, CRH and vasopressin act synergistically to stimulate the secretion of stored ACTH from corticotrope cells. ACTH is transported by the blood to the adrenal cortex of the adrenal gland, where it rapidly stimulates biosynthesis of corticosteroids such as cortisol from cholesterol. Cortisol is a major stress hormone and has effects on many tissues in the body, including the brain. In the brain, cortisol acts on two types of receptor – mineralocorticoid receptors and glucocorticoid receptors, and these are expressed by many different types of neurons. One important target of glucocorticoids is the hypothalamus, which is a major controlling centre of the HPA axis.
Vasopressin can be thought of as "water conservation hormone" and is also known as "antidiuretic hormone." It is released when the body is dehydrated and has potent water-conserving effects on the kidney. It is also a potent vasoconstrictor.
Important to the function of the HPA axis are some of the feedback loops:
- Cortisol produced in the adrenal cortex will negatively feedback to inhibit both the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. This reduces the secretion of CRH and vasopressin, and also directly reduces the cleavage of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) into ACTH and β-endorphins.
- Epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced by the adrenal medulla through sympathetic stimulation and the local effects of cortisol (upregulation enzymes to make E/NE). E/NE will positively feedback to the pituitary and increase the breakdown of POMCs into ACTH and β-endorphins.
Release of CRH from the hypothalamus is influenced by stress, physical activity, illness, by blood levels of cortisol and by the sleep/wake cycle (circadian rhythm). In healthy individuals, cortisol rises rapidly after wakening, reaching a peak within 30–45 minutes. It then gradually falls over the day, rising again in late afternoon. Cortisol levels then fall in late evening, reaching a trough during the middle of the night. This corresponds to the rest-activity cycle of the organism.[2] An abnormally flattened circadian cortisol cycle has been linked with chronic fatigue syndrome,[3] insomnia[4] and burnout.[5]
The HPA axis has a central role in regulating many homeostatic systems in the body, including the metabolic system, cardiovascular system, immune system, reproductive system and central nervous system. The HPA axis integrates physical and psychosocial influences in order to allow an organism to adapt effectively to its environment, use resources, and optimize survival.[2]
Anatomical connections between brain areas such as the amygdala, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus facilitate activation of the HPA axis. Sensory information arriving at the lateral aspect of the amygdala is processed and conveyed to the central nucleus, which projects to several parts of the brain involved in responses to fear. At the hypothalamus, fear-signaling impulses activate both the sympathetic nervous system and the modulating systems of the HPA axis.
Increased production of cortisol during stress results in an increased availability of glucose in order to facilitate fighting or fleeing. As well as directly increasing glucose avilability, cortisol also suppresses the highly demanding metabolic processes of the immune system, resulting in further availability of glucose.[2]
Glucocorticoids have many important functions, including modulation of stress reactions, but in excess they can be damaging. Atrophy of the hippocampus in humans and animals exposed to severe stress is believed to be caused by prolonged exposure to high concentrations of glucocorticoids. Deficiencies of the hippocampus may reduce the memory resources available to help a body formulate appropriate reactions to stress.
Immune system[edit]
This section requires expansion. (December 2014) |
There is bi-directional communication and feedback between the HPA axis and immune system. A number of cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha can activate the HPA axis, although IL-1 is the most potent. The HPA axis in turn modulates the immune response, with high levels of cortisol resulting in a suppression of immune and inflammatory reactions. This helps to protect the organism from a lethal overactivation of the immune system, and minimizes tissue damage from inflammation.[2]
Stress and disease[edit]
The HPA axis is involved in the neurobiology of mood disorders and functional illnesses, including anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, insomnia, posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, ADHD, major depressive disorder, burnout, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, and alcoholism.[6] Antidepressants, which are routinely prescribed for many of these illnesses, serve to regulate HPA axis function.[7]
Experimental studies have investigated many different types of stress, and their effects on the HPA axis in many different circumstances.[8] Stressors can be of many different types—in experimental studies in rats, a distinction is often made between "social stress" and "physical stress", but both types activate the HPA axis, though via different pathways.[9] Several monoamine neurotransmitters are important in regulating the HPA axis, especially dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine (noradrenaline). There is evidence that an increase in oxytocin, resulting for instance from positive social interactions, acts to suppress the HPA axis and thereby counteracts stress, promoting positive health effects such as wound healing.[10]
The HPA axis is a feature of mammals and other vertebrates. For example, biologists studying stress in fish showed that social subordination leads to chronic stress, related to reduced aggressive interactions, to lack of control, and to the constant threat imposed by dominant fish. Serotonin (5HT) appeared to be the active neurotransmitter involved in mediating stress responses, and increases in serotonin are related to increased plasma α-MSH levels, which causes skin darkening (a social signal in salmonoid fish), activation of the HPA axis, and inhibition of aggression. Inclusion of the amino acid L-tryptophan, a precursor of 5HT, in the feed of rainbow trout made the trout less aggressive and less responsive to stress.[11] However, the study mentions that plasma cortisol was not affected by dietary L-tryptophan. The drug LY354740 (also known as Eglumegad, an agonist of the metabotropic glutamate receptors 2 and 3) has been shown to interfere in the HPA axis, with chronic oral administration of this drug leading to markedly reduced baseline cortisol levels in bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata); acute infusion of LY354740 resulted in a marked diminution of yohimbine-induced stress response in those animals.[12]
Studies on people show that the HPA axis is activated in different ways during chronic stress depending on the type of stressor, the person's response to the stressor and other factors. Stressors that are uncontrollable, threaten physical integrity, or involve trauma tend to have a high, flat diurnal profile of cortisol release (with lower-than-normal levels of cortisol in the morning and higher-than-normal levels in the evening) resulting in a high overall level of daily cortisol release. On the other hand, controllable stressors tend to produce higher-than-normal morning cortisol. Stress hormone release tends to decline gradually after a stressor occurs. In post-traumatic stress disorder there appears to be lower-than-normal cortisol release, and it is thought that a blunted hormonal response to stress may predispose a person to develop PTSD.[13]
It is also known that HPA axis hormones are related to certain skin diseases and skin homeostasis. There is evidence shown that the HPA axis hormones can be linked to certain stress related skin diseases and skin tumors. This happens when HPA axis hormones become hyperactive in the brain.[14]
Stress and development[edit]
Prenatal stress[edit]
There is evidence that prenatal stress can influence HPA regulation. In animal experiments, exposure to prenatal stress has been shown to cause a hyper-reactive HPA stress response. Rats that have been prenatally stressed have elevated basal levels and abnormal circadian rhythm of corticosterone as adults.[15] Additionally, they require a longer time for their stress hormone levels to return to baseline following exposure to both acute and prolonged stressors. Prenatally stressed animals also show abnormally high blood glucose levels and have fewer glucocorticoid receptors in the hippocampus.[16] In humans, prolonged maternal stress during gestation is associated with mild impairment of intellectual activity and language development in their children, and with behaviour disorders such as attention deficits, schizophrenia, anxiety and depression; self-reported maternal stress is associated with a higher irritability, emotional and attentional problems.[17]
There is growing evidence that prenatal stress can affect HPA regulation in humans. Children who were stressed prenatally may show altered cortisol rhythms. For example, several studies have found an association between maternal depression during pregnancy and childhood cortisol levels.[18] Prenatal stress has also been implicated in a tendency toward depression and short attention span in childhood.[19] There is no clear indication that HPA dysregulation caused by prenatal stress can alter adult behavior.
Early life stress[edit]
The role of early life stress in programing the HPA Axis has been well-studied in animal models. Exposure to mild or moderate stressors early in life has been shown to enhance HPA regulation and promote a lifelong resilience to stress. In contrast, early-life exposure to extreme or prolonged stress can induce a hyper-reactive HPA Axis and may contribute to lifelong vulnerability to stress.[20] In one widely-replicated experiment, rats subjected to the moderate stress of frequent human handling during the first two weeks of life had reduced hormonal and behavioral HPA-mediated stress responses as adults, whereas rats subjected to the extreme stress of prolonged periods of maternal separation showed heightened physiological and behavioral stress responses as adults.[21]
Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain these findings in rat models of early-life stress exposure. There may be a critical period during development during which the level of stress hormones in the bloodstream contribute to the permanent calibration of the HPA Axis. One experiment has shown that, even in the absence of any environmental stressors, early-life exposure to moderate levels of corticosterone was associated with stress resilience in adult rats, whereas exposure to high doses was associated with stress vulnerability.[22]
Another possibility is that the effects of early-life stress on HPA functioning are mediated by maternal care. Frequent human handling of the rat pups may cause their mother to exhibit more nurturant behavior, such as licking and grooming. Nurturant maternal care, in turn, may enhance HPA functioning in at least two ways. First, maternal care is crucial in maintaining the normal stress hypo responsive period (SHRP), which in rodents, is the first two weeks of life during which the HPA axis is generally non-reactive to stress. Maintenance of the SHRP period may be critical for HPA development, and the extreme stress of maternal separation, which disrupts the SHRP, may lead to permanent HPA dysregulation.[23] Another way that maternal care might influence HPA regulation is by causing epigenetic changes in the offspring. For example, increased maternal licking and grooming has been shown to alter expression of the glutocorticoid receptor gene implicated in adaptive stress response.[20] More research is needed to determine if the results seen in animal models can be extended to humans.
Though animal models allow for more control of experimental manipulation, the effects of early life stress on HPA axis function in humans has also been studied. One population that is often studied in this type of research is adult victims of childhood abuse. Adult victims of childhood abuse have exhibited increased ACTH concentrations in response to a psychosocial stress task compared to healthy controls and subjects with depression but not childhood abuse.[24] In one study, adult victims of childhood abuse that are not depressed show increased ACTH response to both exogenous CRF and normal cortisol release. Adult victims of childhood abuse that are depressed show a blunted ACTH response to exoegenous CRH.[25] A blunted ACTH response is common in depression, so the authors of this work posit that this pattern is likely to be due to the participant's depression and not their exposure to early life stress.
Heim and colleagues have proposed that early life stress, such as childhood abuse, can induce a sensitization of the HPA axis, resulting in particular heightened neuronal activity in response to stress-induced CRF release.[25] With repeated exposure to stress, the sensitized HPA axis may continue to hypersecrete CRF from the hypothalamus. Over time, CRF receptors in the anterior pituitary will become down-regulated, producing depression and anxiety symptoms.[25] This research in human subjects is consistent with the animal literature discussed above.
See also[edit]
- Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis
- Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis
- Allostatic load
- ACTH stimulation test
- Dexamethasone suppression test
- Dexamethasone
- Hydrocortisone
- Cortisol awakening response
- Sickness behavior
- ^ Selye, Hans (1974). Stress without distress. Philadelphia: Lippincott. ISBN 978-0-397-01026-4.[page needed]
- ^ a b c d editors, volume; Besedovsky, Hugo; Chrousos, George; Rey, Adriana Del (2008). The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (1st ed. ed.). Amsterdam: Academic. ISBN 9780444530400.
- ^ MacHale SM, Cavanagh JT, Bennie J, Carroll S, Goodwin GM, Lawrie SM (November 1998). "Diurnal variation of adrenocortical activity in chronic fatigue syndrome". Neuropsychobiology 38 (4): 213–7. doi:10.1159/000026543. PMID 9813459.
- ^ Backhaus J, Junghanns K, Hohagen F (October 2004). "Sleep disturbances are correlated with decreased morning awakening salivary cortisol". Psychoneuroendocrinology 29 (9): 1184–91. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.01.010. PMID 15219642.
- ^ Pruessner JC, Hellhammer DH, Kirschbaum C (1999). "Burnout, perceived stress, and cortisol responses to awakening". Psychosom Med 61 (2): 197–204. doi:10.1097/00006842-199903000-00012. PMID 10204973.
- ^ Spencer RL, Hutchison KE (1999). "Alcohol, aging, and the stress response". Alcohol Research & Health 23 (4): 272–83. PMID 10890824.
- ^ Pariante CM (August 2003). "Depression, stress and the adrenal axis". Journal of Neuroendocrinology 15 (8): 811–2. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.2003.01058.x. PMID 12834443.
- ^ Douglas AJ (March 2005). "Central noradrenergic mechanisms underlying acute stress responses of the Hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis: adaptations through pregnancy and lactation". Stress 8 (1): 5–18. doi:10.1080/10253890500044380. PMID 16019594.
- ^ Engelmann M, Landgraf R, Wotjak CT (2004). "The hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system regulates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis under stress: an old concept revisited". Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 25 (3–4): 132–49. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2004.09.001. PMID 15589266.
- ^ Detillion CE, Craft TK, Glasper ER, Prendergast BJ, DeVries AC (September 2004). "Social facilitation of wound healing". Psychoneuroendocrinology 29 (8): 1004–11. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2003.10.003. PMID 15219651.
- ^ Winberg S, Øverli Ø, Lepage O (November 2001). "Suppression of aggression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by dietary L-tryptophan". The Journal of Experimental Biology 204 (Pt 22): 3867–76. PMID 11807104.
- ^ Coplan JD, Mathew SJ, Smith EL, et al. (July 2001). "Effects of LY354740, a novel glutamatergic metabotropic agonist, on nonhuman primate hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and noradrenergic function". CNS Spectrums 6 (7): 607–12, 617. PMID 15573025.
- ^ Miller GE, Chen E, Zhou ES (January 2007). "If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical axis in humans". Psychological Bulletin 133 (1): 25–45. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.25. PMID 17201569.
- ^ Kim JE, Cho BK, Cho DH, Park HJ (July 2013). "Expression of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in common skin diseases: evidence of its association with stress-related disease activity". Acta Dermato-venereologica 93 (4): 387–93. doi:10.2340/00015555-1557. PMID 23462974.
- ^ Koehl M, Darnaudéry M, Dulluc J, Van Reeth O, Le Moal M, Maccari S (September 1999). "Prenatal stress alters circadian activity of hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis and hippocampal corticosteroid receptors in adult rats of both gender". Journal of Neurobiology 40 (3): 302–15. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4695(19990905)40:3<302::AID-NEU3>3.0.CO;2-7. PMID 10440731.
- ^ Weinstock M, Matlina E, Maor GI, Rosen H, McEwen BS (November 1992). "Prenatal stress selectively alters the reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal system in the female rat". Brain Research 595 (2): 195–200. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91049-K. PMID 1467966.
- ^ Weinstock M (August 2008). "The long-term behavioural consequences of prenatal stress". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 32 (6): 1073–86. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.03.002. PMID 18423592.
- ^ Gutteling BM, de Weerth C, Buitelaar JK (December 2004). "Maternal prenatal stress and 4-6 year old children's salivary cortisol concentrations pre- and post-vaccination". Stress 7 (4): 257–60. doi:10.1080/10253890500044521. PMID 16019591.
- ^ Buitelaar JK, Huizink AC, Mulder EJ, de Medina PG, Visser GH (2003). "Prenatal stress and cognitive development and temperament in infants". Neurobiology of Aging. 24 Suppl 1: S53–60; discussion S67–8. doi:10.1016/S0197-4580(03)00050-2. PMID 12829109.
- ^ a b Flinn MV, Nepomnaschy PA, Muehlenbein MP, Ponzi D (June 2011). "Evolutionary functions of early social modulation of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis development in humans". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 35 (7): 1611–29. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.01.005. PMID 21251923.
- ^ Liu D, Diorio J, Tannenbaum B, et al. (September 1997). "Maternal care, hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal responses to stress". Science 277 (5332): 1659–62. doi:10.1126/science.277.5332.1659. PMID 9287218.
- ^ Macrì S, Würbel H (December 2006). "Developmental plasticity of HPA and fear responses in rats: a critical review of the maternal mediation hypothesis". Hormones and Behavior 50 (5): 667–80. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.06.015. PMID 16890940.
- ^ de Kloet ER, Sibug RM, Helmerhorst FM, Schmidt MV, Schmidt M (April 2005). "Stress, genes and the mechanism of programming the brain for later life". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 29 (2): 271–81. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.10.008. PMID 15811498.
- ^ Heim C., Newport D. J., Heit S., Graham Y. P., Wilcox M., Bonsall R., Nemeroff C. B. (2000). "Pituitary-adrenal and autonomic responses to stress in women after sexual and physical abuse in childhood". JAMA 284 (5): 592–597. doi:10.1001/jama.284.5.592.
- ^ a b c Heim C., Newport D.J., Bonsall R., Miller A.H., Nemeroff C.B. (2001). "Altered Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Responses to Provocative Challenge Tests in Adult Survivors of Childhood Abuse". Am J Psychiatry 158 (4): 575–581. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.4.575.
External links[edit]
- Media related to HPA axis at Wikimedia Commons
- Mind-Body-Health.net page on HPA axis


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Cat® Products Receive Contractors' Choice Awards in 19 Categories
Roads & Bridges magazine recently presented Caterpillar with the 2014 Contractors' Choice Awards in 19 categories.
The Contractor's Choice Awards represents the top products as selected by readers of Roads & Bridges magazine. Each year, the Contractor's Choice Awards honor manufacturers for the products they put out on the jobsite. The products must be in the field 18-24 months before they are eligible to be submitted for consideration.
Three Cat® Products Named "All-Stars" by China Construction Professionals
"All-Star Products." That's the honor construction industry customers and experts in China gave to three Cat® machines at the 2014 Internet Conference and Brand Event Awards Ceremony for the China Construction Machinery Industry Association (CMIIC).
The Cat 336D2 hydraulic excavator and M317D2 wheel excavator were named 2014 Star Excavators, with users citing the machines' fuel efficiency, low operating costs, and overall reliability and durability. The 950 GC wheel loader won the 2014 Star Carry-Scraper Machinery Award on the strength of its fuel consumption, efficiency, safety and comfort features, and ease of maintenance.
Cat® Multi-Processor Honored for Best Demolition Product
If you quickly glance at the Cat® Multi-Processor MP 300 series, you might not immediately recognize the award-winning speed, force and versatility this relatively new work tool delivers. But the Spanish Association of Demolition (AEDED) took a closer look during its 2014 awards forum, and that landed this work tool the honor of best product.
"The new product introduction (NPI) team took a product that had become uncompetitive in the market and turned that around with market-leading features that immediately placed it at the top of its class," said Work Tools Product Manager Dave Koch. "Sales have grown dramatically."

subset: commoncrawl


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Sammy Duvalls Watersports Centre, located at the Contemporary Resort, offers water sports for all ages and, specifically, parasailing excursions. Read all about this high adventure at the Planning Strategy Calculator for Disney Reservations website.
Up, Up and Away! You are launched from a Duvall Watersports craft to soar up to 600 feet above Walt Disney World for a unique, bird's eye view of the resort.
Happy Planning! http://home.twcny.rr.com/pscalc/images/smileyhat.gif


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Reach tens of thousands of people instantly by advertising with Ekklesia. Find out more
Next week (Tuesday 27 March 2012) the House of Lords will be voting on a crucial question for the UK's international record on business and human rights.
CAFOD has warned that a UK Bill will make it harder for people in poor countries to seek justice in our courts for human rights breaches by UK multinationals.
Why is the UK government so determined to slash benefits and public services for sick and disabled people and carers? Many people have pointed out the flaws in a harsh Welfare Reform Bill targeting those who are already badly-off.
Speaking on BBC Radio 4's World at One, ahead of the House of Lords Welfare Reform Bill (WRB) debate today, Parliamentary-Under Secretary of State for Work and Pensions Maria Miller sought to sound reassuring and reasonable. But the key points she made were either highly debatable or plain wrong. And the stakes are high. The government is attempting to move from Disability Living Allowance (DLA) to an untried Personal Independence Payment (PIP) and to cut around £2.7 billion from the benefits system for the most vulnerable people.
In their campaign to build support for welfare reforms, ministers have frequently said that the main cause of child poverty is worklessness.
Writing in The Guardian, Declan Gaffney, former policy advisor to the previous Mayor of London and to the previous government, has written in a personal capacity about what is at stake in the continuing struggle over disabled rights and the Welfare Reform Bill.
A coalition of charities is calling on the Government to pause the Welfare Reform bill and carefully consider its reform of Disability Living Allowance.
Yesterday I went to meet the "Amendment Lords" ahead of today's crucial votes in the second chamber, where the Welfare Reform Bill (WRB) debate moves from Employment and Support Allowance (ESA), the income replacement benefit for people with work-limiting conditions, to Disability Living Allowance (DLA), which is intended to help with the extra costs people incur as a result of severe disability.
"One of the most fascinating things about the government's wobble on welfare this week has been the critical role of a new breed of disability campaigner in successfully marshalling public and political opposition to the reforms." writes Patrick Butler, Head of Society, Health and Education at the Guardian, today.


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Gallery log-in
Live with the art you love...
It's easy and affordable to buy and collect contemporary art and craft
Own Art makes buying art affordable for everyone. ...
It's easy!
Hi @PatSouthwood We'd love to be able to do this if we can find a way to keep it accurate and up to date. Something for the future I hope.
Don't miss "The Forest of Possibility" exhibition @abbeywalk bit.ly/17iXcWR intriguing #paper#landscapes http://t.co/isJYYOy5Wv
New mixed media collage paintings inspired by the#SouthWest from Nagib Karson @lovedartgallery bit.ly/1yKTfV6 http://t.co/bxyh001FbI
On 24th February 2015 Own Art is co-hosting a FREE event with Antlers Gallery and Griffin Gallery.
This year marks the 10th Anniversary of the Own Art scheme and to celebrate we have co-commissioned Jeremy Deller to produce an artwork that can be enjoyed by all and owned by all.
We were recently featured in this Telegraph film as a tool to help buyers start a collection.
Ten emerging UK artists tipped by Axisweb to keep an eye on...


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NBA Basketball - Preview
Memphis Grizzlies vs. New York Knicks | |
The Memphis Grizzlies and the New York Knicks will both be gunning for a victory on Wednesday when they meet at Madison Square Garden. Last time out for Memphis, they were a 107-94 loser as they battled the Wizards on the road. The Grizzlies failed to cover in the match as a 5-point favorite, while 201 combined points moved the game OVER for totals bettors. The Knicks were a 100-85 winner in their most recent outing on the road against the Celtics. They covered the 2.5-point spread as underdogs, while the total score (185) made winners of UNDER bettors. Memphis: Team record: 47-23 SU, 39-30-1 ATS The total has gone OVER in 5 of last 6 games when playing New York When playing on Wednesday are 5-5 Team record: 43-26 SU, 36-32-1 ATS Current streak: won 5 straight games. is 5-0 SU in its last 5 games When playing on Wednesday are 5-5 Memphis home to Houston, Friday, March 29 New York home to Charlotte, Friday, March 29 |


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Students inducted into the first group of the National Society of Leadership and Success at A-B Tech
May 29, 2013
The A-B Tech Student Life & Development office inducted its first group of students into the National Society of Leadership and Success during a ceremony May 7 in Ferguson Auditorium.
The leadership development program is open to curriculum students who have completed at least 12 credit hours in good standing with at least a 3.0 GPA. The National Society of Leadership and Success Sigma Alpha Pi chapter is a leadership program that has hundreds of branches throughout the nation at community colleges and universities.
"Our Society chapter was founded to help members create the lives they want by enabling students to discover what they want to do, showing them tools for action, and inspiring in them the motivation to achieve their dreams. This is a place for members to interact with one another to create and achieve personal goals," said Sufia Ikbal, Student Life Assistant.
At the end of the 2012-13 academic year, 167 students completed the requirements for induction into the program and 25 of those students continued with the additional requirements to receive the National Engaged Leader Award.
"All of these students put in a lot of time and effort toward developing themselves as individuals and leaders, and we are so proud of their accomplishments," Ikbal said.
Inducted members received a certificate, t-shirt, pin, access to a national job board, an opportunity to apply for scholarships and lifetime membership in the national organization.
The A-B Tech program is designed as a one-semester leadership development training that utilizes the resources of the National Society of Leadership and Success, according to Ikbal. Students go through various components starting with program orientation. In addition to recognizing students for academic success, this society provides training opportunities for personal and leadership development," she said.
The Leadership Training session is where members create personal mission statements, explore goal-setting strategies and learn about tools to keep them on track as they move toward their goals. Students also learn about specific resources through A-B Tech and the National Society of Leadership and Success.
Success Networking Team (SNT) meetings take place throughout the semester and give students an opportunity to network with fellow members of their cohort group. "The teams are designed to use peer accountability and support to help each member move forward with the action steps they identified during the Leadership Training session," Ikbal said.
Throughout each semester, the program sponsors three Speakers Series to provide students with an opportunity to interact with nationally recognized speakers through live broadcasts in which students can text message questions to the moderator during the broadcast. This past spring, students had the opportunity to interact with Rudy Giuliani, Brad Meltzer and Peter Bregman. For more information on the National Society of Leadership and Success, visit http://www.societyleadership.org/
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If you have an A-B Tech-related news tip or if you are a member of the news media who needs information about A-B Tech, contact the Community Relations and Marketing Director at 398-7117.
Asheville-Buncombe Technical Community College is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award associate degrees, diplomas and certificates. Contact the Commission on Colleges at 1866 Southern Lane, Decatur, Georgia 30033-4097 or call 404-679-4500 for questions about the accreditation of Asheville-Buncombe Technical Community College.


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Wed, Mar 12, 14 at 13:35
Quick question: How many years can you get pluots to flower on the same wood? |
Follow-Up Postings:
Technically they only flower once on the same wood. But each yr there is a little growth on spurs and a lot on other wood. They can flower on any of that new wood. Spurs probably last 3-4 yrs. But a branch can last 10 years or maybe even longer. Branch renewal earlier would be better, say at 4-5 years. |
- Posted by franktank232 z5 WI (My Page) on Wed, Mar 12, 14 at 17:13
How often would suggest cutting back a container pluot? I've got a grafted Flavor King that is getting pretty tall and won't have any fruit this year (it flowered, but no pollinator available, so no fruit :( ... Tempted to cut it back hard and get a lot of new growth this year. |
That would be a good way to force new growth down low. I've learned that renewal is best started early. Then each year you can remove the one or two biggest shoots and thereby force renewal wood. If the growth slows down by mid season even the new wood stands a good chance of flowering next year. |
- Posted by franktank232 z5 WI (My Page) on Wed, Mar 12, 14 at 22:36
Yup... I noticed that some of the wood from last year flowered, while the newest shoots (say top 6 to 8 inches) didn't... If i don't cut back now, i may end up with some very high flowering wood in a year or 2, which i'd like to avoid. Thanks. |
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Arja's 25-year concert
It was a truly wonderful concert! It was a small tour, going to Jyväskylä, Tampere, Helsinki, and possibly other places. Arja was accompanied by the Riku Niemi orchestra, a very popular orchestra which has performed by itself and also collaborated with other artists. The same orchestra accompanied Arja in her tango album Tango Illusion in 1996. The orchestra has many string instruments and wind instruments (a lot of different instruments) so that the songs sounded really great! The concert opened with a tango potpourri comprising Kultaiset korvarenkaat, Tango Illusion, Yksin, Sä oot mun tangoystäväin, and Muista minua. Among the tunes known to me Arja sang Enkelin silmin, Rakastunut nainen, Tuulen värit, Huomiseen, Kun tunteet kuljettaa, Tuhon tietä kuljen [I'm a Fool to Want You], Rannalla, Näkemiin, Muisto (Memory)... Of course there were songs from musicals; Arja was here in the Turku Summer Theatre in My Fair Lady in 2000 and commemorated it by singing snippets of On the Street Where You Live, Wouldn't It Be Loverly, and I Could Have Danced All Night - all in Finnish. Arja had the same hat and sunshade as she had in the musical! During Wouldn't It Be Loverly she threw chocolate bars into the audience, but I didn't get one, even though I was in the front row. Other old friends followed. Particularly wonderful were the title song from Myrskyluodon Maija and the operetta number Itke en lemmen tähden. All the other numbers were familiar to me, except Kun paljon antaa, which Arja mentioned in her new online diary on her official website. It has marvellous words, and I hope Arja will record it, as she said she might when we talked after the concert. Arja told me that she had listened to the song a lot when she was a child, an it had been important to her; and now at last the time had come to include it in her repertoire. It was amazing to think about the passage of time, when I mentioned that I had first met Arja 22 years ago! I was 11 years old. The concert atmosphere was really fantastic, and when Arja sang Kuningaskobra as an encore the whole audience came to their feet and clapped along. Unfortunately I wasn't able to take any pictures, or I would have sent them.
One of Arja's songs come particularly to my mine, namely Jokainen hetki, from her record Kun aika on. Arja is giving Christmas concerts this year, with Tango King Amadeus Lundberg, but I will not be able to go, as The Turku concert will be very near Christmas, when I will be in Mikkeli celebrating Christmas with my parents.


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Originally published Sunday, September 16, 2012 at 5:32 AM
Bruce Dern headlines Port Townsend Film Festival 2012
A preview of the Port Townsend Film Festival 2012. Special guest this year is actor Bruce Dern.
Seattle Times movie critic
Port Townsend Film Festival
Sept 21-23, at several venues in Port Townsend. Various passes available; full-festival pass is $185 and includes an opening-night salmon dinner and Saturday-night awards gala. For more information: www.ptfilmfest.com or 360-379-1333.Will 13 be lucky for the Port Townsend Film Festival?
Unspooling Sept. 21-23, the 13th annual edition of the PTFF features two special guests this year. It's a festival trademark to invite a well-known star of Hollywood films, with past guests including Tony Curtis (the inaugural year), Eva Marie Saint, Jane Powell, Patricia Neal, Debra Winger, Elliott Gould and Cloris Leachman. Each chose a film as the festival's centerpiece Saturday-night screening, followed by an onstage conversation with the audience, making for a unique and intimate evening. (Yes, Leachman — fresh off "Dancing with the Stars" — was every bit as funny as you'd think she'd be.)
This year's star is Bruce Dern, the longtime character actor whose career began on television shows such as "Gunsmoke" in the 1960s and came to include such movies as "Coming Home" (for which he received an Oscar nomination), "Black Sunday," "The Great Gatsby," "Silent Running" and many more. At 76, he's still making movies (he's in Alexander Payne's "Nebraska" and Quentin Tarantino's "Django Unchained," both upcoming), and recently finished a triumphant run as unhinged polygamist Frank Harlow in the HBO series "Big Love." At PTFF, he'll present "Smile," the 1975 beauty-pageant satire starring Dern, Barbara Feldon and a very young Melanie Griffith.
This year's additional special guest isn't an actor, but a musician — and the subject of one of the festival's opening-night films. Chely Wright will attend the festival's Friday-night screening of "Wish Me Away," a documentary about her experiences as the first commercially successful country-music singer to come out as a lesbian. (It previously screened at the Seattle Lesbian and Gay Film Festival last year, and later at the SIFF Film Center.) Wright will be interviewed on stage after the screening.
There's always been something pleasantly old-timey about this festival, which takes place just as the leaves are fading (PTFF has remarkable luck with weather; it's gloriously sunny nearly every year) and is centered on two historic venues: the jewel-box Rose Theater downtown, and the Uptown Theater, well, uptown. Past years have seen more focus on older films, but this edition does feature one treat for cinema-history buffs: the 1933 Yasujiro Ozu melodrama "Woman of Tokyo," which will screen Friday night at the Rose with live jazz accompaniment performed by a five-musician combo featuring composer/pianist Wayne Horvitz.
Screening outdoors on Taylor Street are "E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial" on Friday night, "The Empire Strikes Back" on Saturday night and "Tootsie" on Sunday. Outdoor screenings are free and are lively community gatherings: Bundled-up moviegoers can sit on their own chairs, or on bales of straw brought for the occasion. (Every festival venue traditionally features bales on which to perch while waiting in line; you can always spot PTFF attendees by the bits of straw dangling from their coats.)
Indoors, the festival features more than two dozen feature-length documentaries and narrative films. Many have an international flavor, such as the Rwandan drama "Kinyarwanda" (with filmmaker Alrick Brown present); the local documentary "The Revolutionary," about the lone American member (now a Northwest resident) of the Chinese Communist Party; the music documentary "Under African Skies," celebrating the 25th anniversary of Paul Simon's "Graceland" album; "Free Men," a thriller about an Algerian immigrant who befriends a Jewish man in Paris during World War II. And PTFF has a knack for finding small, under-the-radar films of quirky charm; a few likely candidates this year may be "QWERTY," a romantic comedy about Scrabble, or "Trash Dance," a documentary about a dance performance — starring garbage trucks.
And much of the fun of PTFF takes place off-screen, in the cinema lines and coffeehouses and theater lobbies, where attendees gather to debate their favorites and share festival memories. In its earlier days, PTFF billed itself as "a film lover's block party" and the description still fits. Short and sweet — just three days — it's a celebration of watching movies with friends, old and new.
Moira Macdonald: 206-464-2725 or email@example.com


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ABC News' Arlette Saenz (@arlettesaenz) reports:
Texas Governor Rick Perry took a shot at Mitt Romney for the healthcare plan he implemented as governor of Massachusetts, calling it a "failure" and likening it to Obama's health care plan.
"If some state decides to do something like pass a health care plan that, you know, is kind of like this Obama thing and it's a failure then we kind of go, 'ooh, we don't want to do that,' and that state may have been harmed by it, but the whole nation was not," Perry told CBN in an exclusive interview.
This is the first hit Perry has taken at a presidential candidate since he announced he's toying with the idea of a run, but this is not the first time Perry has taken a swipe at Romney. In his most recent book, "Fed Up!," Perry said he supports states' decisions on healthcare but said Texans would not favor a plan like the one developed by Romney or Obama.
"On the other side of the coin, Massachusetts is free to experiment with state run healthcare. If federalism is respected, the people of Massachusetts are free to try it while the rest of tha ntion sits back and watches to see if they have any success, and whether any success they do have is worth the price of losing liberty. Now, we in Texas are not too excited about the prospect of government-run anything, much less health care, and the federal legislation – known to most as Obamacare – is a direct result on the principle of federalism."
Earlier this week, the Austin-American Statesman reported on a long standing feud between the two governors. In his 2008 book, "On My Honor," Perry expressed anger with Romney for not allowing the Boy Scouts to volunteer at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.
"Several years have gone by," Perry, who was an Eagle Scout himself, wrote, "and neither Mitt Romney nor anyone else who served as an official of the 2002 Winter Olympics has given a clear and logical explanation of why the door to volunteerism was shut."
"We know that Romney, as a political candidate in the politically liberal state of Massachusetts, has parted ways with the Scouts on its policies over the involvement of gay individuals in Scout activities."
The Romney camp has remained quiet about a potential bid by the Texas governor as many speculate Perry's entrance in the race would affect Romney's front-runner status.


text: Personalised Bridesmaid Chocolate Bar by Tailored Chocolates and Gifts £5.95$11.35€7.83$9.96 4 customer reviews(4) In stock £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 mainland UK delivery - Order now and receive this item on or before Friday 6 February £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 mainland UK deliveryEstimated delivery: 2-5 days £9.70$18.50€12.77$16.24 Express Next Day 1pm - Order now and receive this item on or before Tuesday 3 February Express delivery available International delivery available best man or bridesmaidbest man or bridesmaid (required)Best ManBridesmaidbest man or bridesmaid (required)Best ManBridesmaidbest man or bridesmaid (required)Best ManBridesmaidbest man or bridesmaid (required)Best ManBridesmaid colour of wrappercolour of wrapper (required)IvoryGoldSilverWhitePinklilaccolour of wrapper (required)IvoryGoldSilverWhitePinklilaccolour of wrapper (required)IvoryGoldSilverWhitePinklilaccolour of wrapper (required)IvoryGoldSilverWhitePinklilac message to appear below 'thank you for being our bestman/bridesmaid' (required) message to appear on the back of the wrapper (required) add - champagne labeladd - champagne labelMatching Champagne Label (+ £5.50)add - champagne labelMatching Champagne Label (+ $10.49)add - champagne labelMatching Champagne Label (+ €7.24)add - champagne labelMatching Champagne Label (+ $9.20) initials of bride & groom (required) quantity by Tailored Chocolates and Gifts Location: Cheshire, GB read seller's profile see seller's complete range more items from this seller Favours Box With Personalised Gift Tag £3.95$7.53€5.20$6.61 Personalised Heart Wedding Chocolates £3$5.72€3.95$5.02 Personalised Emergency Chocolate Bar £5.95$11.35€7.83$9.96 Personalised Initial Wedding Favours £3$5.72€3.95$5.02 Personalised Champagne or Wine Label £5.95$11.35€7.83$9.96 Hangover Recovery Kit Bag £4.95$9.44€6.51$8.28 view all you may also like PRODUCT DETAILS CUSTOMER REVIEWS DELIVERY RETURNS can be personalised ask seller a question Treat your Best Man or Bridesmaid on your wedding day with this delicious personalised chocolate bar. Create your own fully personalised wrapper with your choice of name/message ideal for any occasion. Tailored Chocolates will inscribe your individual message on the back of the wrapper for that extra special touch. Each 100g bar is made up of the finest quality milk chocolate and is guaranteed to put a smile on anyones face. Best before January 2013 product code: 55549 4 customer reviews Thu 21 Aug 2014 Good quality and arrived on time Mon 07 Jul 2014 Bridesmaid loved the gift Thu 03 Jul 2014 No comment supplied. Sat 25 Feb 2012 No comment supplied. see all customer reviews hide some customer reviews read about our product rating system ratings guide trusted independent customer feedbackforum excellent bad good poor This product is dispatched to you by Tailored Chocolates and Gifts. MAINLAND UK order now and receive this item on or before price Standard Delivery Friday 6 February £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 Express Next Day 1pm Tuesday 3 February £9.70$18.50€12.77$16.24 NON-MAINLAND UK estimated delivery price Highlands & Islands of Scotland 2-5 daysfrom dispatch £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 Northern Ireland 2-5 daysfrom dispatch £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 Other UK Islands 2-5 daysfrom dispatch £4.95$9.44€6.51$8.28 INTERNATIONAL DELIVERY estimated delivery price Western Europe 2-5 daysfrom dispatch £11.50$21.94€15.14$19.25 USA & Canada 5-10 daysfrom dispatch £18.50$35.29€24.35$30.97 Far East & Australasia 5-10 daysfrom dispatch £19.50$37.20€25.67$32.64 Rest of the world 5-14 daysfrom dispatch £19.50$37.20€25.67$32.64 You have 28 days, from receipt of cancellable goods, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item. Please note: goods that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements, perishable products and personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken are non-refundable, unless faulty. Read more about our returns policy.Should you choose to return or exchange your order you will need to deliver the item(s) to the UK, where this seller is based. Tailored Chocolates and Gifts's return policy


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Penile Implants Center - Bullhead City, AZBullhead City Urologist Doctors for Penile ImplantsType of Physician: Urologist What is a Urologist? A certification by the Board of Urology. Urologists specialize in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of problems of the urinary system in men and women and the reproductive system in men. Urologists are trained in both surgical and medical (nonsurgical) treatment methods. Specialty: Urology Common Name: Urologist Doctors in Bullhead City *Bashir A Azher PC Institute Of Urology Kingman Reg Med Ctr Urlgy Clin Southwest Surgery Philip A St Raymond PLLC Robert S Nickolisen MD Bullhead City, ArizonaPenile ImplantsPenile Prosthesis IntroductionA penile prosthesis is another treatment option for men with erectile dysfunction (ED). These devices are either malleable or inflatable. The simplest type of prosthesis consists of a pair of malleab... Other Related Penile Implants ArticlesEmergency Contact for Bullhead City
Nearby Bullhead City Hospitals *Western Arizona Regional Med Ct Valley View Medical Center Colorado River Medical Center Kingman Regional Medical Center *Provider Directory Terms of Use: The WebMD 'Provider Directory' is provided by WebMD for use by the general public as a quick reference of information about Providers. The Provider Directory is not intended as a tool for verifying the credentials, qualifications, or abilities of any Provider contained therein. Inclusion in the Provider Directory does not imply recommendation or endorsement nor does omission in the Provider Directory imply WebMD disapproval. |


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Reviewed Stove Top Mac-n-Cheese
Aug 27, 2012 in Food Network Community Toolbox on FoodNetwork.com
"to add to my prior review... I had alot of leftovers. I just heated some up and this does NOT reheat very well. Dry, and it looked and tasted like leftover boxed macaroni. Bottom of bowl has alot of oil... from the butter or cheese. 4 tablespoons of butter for a 1/2 box of macaroni is too much. 2 tablespoons would have been adequate.""
Reviewed Macaroni and Cheese
Nov 20, 2010 in Food Network Community Toolbox on Food Network
"This was absolutely horrible. I saw the show and wrote down the ingredients as she went along. The sauce was anything but smooth... it was "gritty" and gross. Sorry, but a box of mac and cheese is better than this."


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Welcome International Customers
We're excited to share our jewelry collection with you!
Just choose your country and currency to personalize your shopping experience.
We're excited to share our jewelry collection with you!
Just choose your country and currency to personalize your shopping experience.
Item#: 779951
Bezel set mother-of-pearl earrings possess a colorful glow thanks to an overlay of smooth glass in deep pastels. Leverbacks, sterling silver earrings.
Due to the incredible value on your Clearance selection, no additional discounts apply.
Our 100%
Style: | Drop DROP: A dangling or stationary detail which "drops" from a bale, strand or earring backing. |
Width: | 3/4 inch |
Metal: | Sterling STERLING SILVER: Also known as "Standard Silver," sterling silver is silver alloyed with other metals to increase the hardness and durability. Generally, sterling is 92.5% silver and 7.5% other metals. Some sterling silver jewelry is plated with 14kt-18kt gold and referred to as "vermeil," or "gold over sterling." Silver |
Finish: | Polished POLISHED: A buffed-out finish used to produce a mirror-like shine. |
Backing: | Lever LEVER: An earring backing with a hook-shaped insert and a hinged leverback to hold it in place. |
Hanging Length: | 2 inches |
Stones per Earring: | 4 |
Stone 1: | Mother of Pearl MOTHER-OF-PEARL: Glowing with an iridescent beauty, mother-of-pearl has been showcased in jewelry designs for thousands of years. As mother-of-pearl is a natural substance, it may vary in appearance, and its distinctive shimmer lends a quiet elegance to fine jewelry. (Quantity: 2, Size: 14 mm) |
Stone 2: | Glass GLASS: A delicate, translucent to transparent noncrystalline material made by fusing sand with other materials , such as soda and lime, and then cooling it quickly. Glass is used in anything from windows to drinkware. In jewelry, glass is used for ornamentation, to make doublets, and to simulate gemstones. (Color: Blue, Quantity: 2, Shape & Cutting Style: Cabochon, CABOCHON: A style of cutting gemstones to achieve a smooth, domed surface with an absence of facets. CABOCHON: A style of cutting gemstones to achieve a smooth, domed surface with an absence of facets. Size: 14 mm) |
Stone 3: | Mother of Pearl (Quantity: 2, Size: 16 mm) |
Stone 4: | Glass (Color: Gray, Quantity: 2, Shape & Cutting Style: Cabochon, Size: 16 mm) |
All weights and measures are approximate.
You May Also Like
Learn More About: Pearls Mother-of-Pearl Earring Buying Guide Sterling Silver Polished Finish Earring Buying Guide Glass
out of


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20' REFRIGRATED STORAGE CONTAINERS PRICED FOR QUICK SALE WORKING OR NON WORKING IN EXCELLENT CONDITION FOR FREE PRICE QUOTE CALL JAY 888-443-1523 x704 DIRECT LINE 404-201-8542 FOR MORE INFO: www.youtube.com/watch?v=XvVv5j1oS7E
Jan 12 - Syracuse
Complete system: *40 Gallon per 8 hour reactor * 200 gallon vegetable oil to bio diesel processor * CENTRA Fuge with Heather for Ultra Clean Fuel * Gas & Electric transfer pumps with hoses * 5 250 gallon totes for Vegetable Oil Storage * 55 gallon drum of methanol with ...
Jan 8 - Lowville
Used 15 hours, like new
Dec 17 - Wayland
Absolutely amazing Mother of pearl inlay and lacquer work the Chinese were famous for..given as a gift from Chinese national government to an American international consulate 35 yrs ago. Running horses circling down against a lovely oriental background at sun set. 4 ...
Jan 26 - Allentown : Milford
ALLIS - CHALMERS 160. Year around 1972, hours 2694, rear tires new, 40 hp diesel, 2 wheel drive. Grader box goes with it. Asking price $ 7000.00, or make me an offer. 301-432-2050 or cell phone 301-964-9493 ask for David.
Jan 24 - Frederick : Keedysville
HESSTON SLURRY MANURE SPREADER - MODELS 1520, 1500 gallons, tires size 16.5 L x 16.1. 540 pto, missing chain and chain guard on back of tank. Asking $4000.00, or make me an offer. Location: Walkersville, Maryland. Call at 301-964-9493 or 301-432-2050 ask for David.
Jan 24 - Frederick : Walkersville
Fuel Tank Diesel, no wholes or cracks. Fuel filter, fuel bowl, and mounting brackets go with it. Looks like it holds 20 gallons. Measurements are 31 ½" long x 15" wide x 12 ¼ tall. Asking $ 225.00 or make me an offer. No e-mails call me at 301-964-9493 or 301-432-2050 ask ...
Jan 24 - Frederick : Keedysville
COURBETTE 16" BLACK ENGLISH SADDLE The Combination Made In Switzerland This saddle is in excellent, lightly used condition. The all purpose Courbette Combination ... to be sold as shown (no girth, leathers or irons). Excellent, well cared for condition. Cash and ...
Jan 21 - Philadelphia : Feasterville
100w led grow light is made of metal shell,the shell color is white or black.Products containing 55pcs single 3w LED.Use aluminum plate and profiles radiating fins, to ensure the normal cooling conditions reduce the lamp body weight. Each lamp with voltage regulator tube, to ...
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Troy-Bilt, Super Bronco, Rear Tine Tiller. Bridges & Stratton 6.5Hp OHV,Intek engine w/cast iron sleeve. 16" width. Forward clutch Bail, depth regulator, wheel drive pins on each wheel, Reverse clutch control.In good condition, well maintained.
Jan 21 - Allentown : New Hope
Tractor is in extremely good condition. Valve grind aprox 550 hr. ago, proof meter was replaced at that time also. rear rims are new and fronts have been replaced, tires show little wear.12 volt system with lights. It starts easily and is a strong runner. has new ...
Jan 21 - Erie : Erie
1 1/4 roller runs great 14 hp Briggs and Stratton motor electric start water tank and vibrating drum. asking $1000 b/o please call 585 202 1020
Jan 20 - Rochester (NY) : Ontario
rebuilt pony motor,, good reverse gears , sprockets, tracks, and final drive 90%, machine is apart,,
Jan 20 - Hudson Valley : Kingston
For sale is a great running 1989 case 580k 4x4 extendahoe backhoe. tranny is excellent pins are tight heat works good. overall a very nice machine feel free to call 585 217 6193 with any questions asking $11500.00 b/o
Jan 20 - Rochester (NY) : Ontario
2007 Bobcat 331G Excavator 2400 hrs, hydraulic thumb, keyless start, quick coupler bucket, rubber tracks, push blade. For more information: Please call Jaw Sales @ (603) 598 1300 or (978) 502 2267 105 Runnells Bridge Rd. Hollis NH 03049 See more cars, trucks, ...
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Ford 6640 with Alamo Flail Mower Ex municipal machine, Approx 1300 hours, Tractor needs motor, bad engine. For more information: Please call Jaw Sales @ (603) 598 1300 or (978) 502 2267 105 Runnells Bridge Rd. Hollis NH 03049 See more cars, trucks, equipment and parts ...
Jan 20 - Boston : Hollis
Kubota Zero Turn Diesel, 60" Pro Mower deck. 460hrs. Bought new in 2005. Well maintained, always garage kept. Low Hours.
Jan 19 - Allentown : New Hope
We manufacture flow switches in a variety of materials from bronze, plastic, PVC, stainless steel, brass, polysulfone and more. No job is too big or small for Thomas. Take a look through our site and see what we can offer your company and call or email us today to speak ...
Jan 19 - Worcester : Worcester
Thomas Products Ltd. provides the highest quality flow switches the industry has to offer. All of our flow switches are manufactured in house and stocked for immediate delivery. Reliable protection against pipeline flow variation for liquid, air and/or gas. Solid, non ...
Jan 19 - Springfield (MA) : Southwick
1800's completely restored doctor's buggy with hand painted gold accent on body and wheels. Also restored Cunningham, Son & Co. of Rochester, NY candle lanterns. Buggy: $2600.00 Laterns: $1800.00 "NEW PRICE" Purchaser responsible for transporting costs.
Jan 17 - Rochester (NY) : Pittsford
As is condition, I paid $2000.00, but water went into the motor, via the exhaust pipes, and it is not running. This is a great deal for someone with mechanical skills, everything else works great. Fix and flip, or fix and use it for yourself.
Jan 16 - Hudson Valley : Roscoe
NEW Mahindra Tractors SALE ON ALL IN STOCK TRACTORS: Max22 Tractor, 22hp 3 cyl Mitsubishi diesel w/ loader 900 lb lift capacity and mid mower, Max25, 25hp 3 cyl Mitsubishi diesel w/ loader 900 lb lift capacity, Backhoe and mid mower, Max25 w/ loader, Max25 loader and ...
Jan 14 - Fairfield : Bethany
Mahindra Tractors SALE ON ALL IN STOCK TRACTORS: Max22 Tractor, 22hp 3 cyl Mitsubishi diesel w/ loader 900 lb lift capacity and mid mower, Max25, 25hp 3 cyl Mitsubishi diesel w/ loader 900 lb lift capacity, Backhoe and mid mower, Max25 w/ loader, Max25 loader and Backhoe, ...
Jan 14 - Fairfield : Bethany
New Mahindra 5010 gear, cab, heat, a/c, work lights, radio, 49 hp 4cyl diesel, 9 speeds forward, 3 reverse. ML155 front end loader with skid steer q.a. 2991 lb lift capactiy to full height at pins. 5 year warranty, financing available with good credit, Delivery available. ...
Jan 14 - Fairfield : Bethany


text: I visited Emei Shan with my family, but the bus and park operator staff are very rude, and arrogant, tainted the name of Emei Shan. It started at the bus terminal near the Teddy Bear Hotel. When I told the ticketing counter staff that we wanted to buy park entrance and bus tickets, we were shouted at rudely, saying that... More


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Fire Drill Procedures: Residence Halls
In the event of a drill or actual fire, either the smoke detectors or fire alarm will sound.
- Leave the building in an orderly fashion, using the nearest fire exit, staying low to avoid smoke inhalation.
- If the fire alarm has not been activated, pull the closest fire alarm as you exit the building. (If the fire alarm has already been activated, there is no need to pull a second alarm.)
- Fire exit maps are located in the hallways on each floor. Familiarize yourself with your escape route as soon as possible after arriving on campus.
- Close the door of your room as you exit, reducing the fire's spread and damage.
- After exiting the dorm, meet in the assigned areas to be accounted for (see 7 below). Under no circumstances should you reenter a burning building!
- The following areas have been designated as meeting points:
- Wellons Hall: the small gazebo next to the Admissions office.
- Jackson Hall: the steps of Taylor Chapel.
- Drum Hall: the Northeast section of the Quad between the Aaron Building and the Taylor Music Hall.
- Melton Hall & King Street: the east end of the residential parking lot beside the hill.
- Terrace/Village (if utilized): the middle of the Terrace parking lot, on the grassy knoll.
The Director of Campus Safety will announce when you may reenter the building.
In the event of an actual fire, do not reenter the building unless cleared by local Fire Department personnel!
Fire Drill Procedures: Classrooms and Other Facilities
In case of fire, either the smoke detectors or fire alarms will sound. Students, faculty and staff should do the following:
- In an orderly fashion, exit the building, staying low to avoid smoke inhalation.
- If the fire alarm has not been activated, pull the closest fire alarm when exiting the building. (If the fire alarm has already been activated, there is no need to pull a second alarm.)
- Familiarize yourself with the layout of the building. Escape routes are posted throughout buildings in areas easily accessible to everyone.
- If you are the last person to exit a classroom or office, close the door, reducing the fire's spread and damage.
- After exiting, meet in designated areas (see 7 below) to be accounted for. Under no circumstances should you reenter a burning building!
- To prevent personal endangerment and obstruction of emergency responders and equipment, do not leave the assigned areas until cleared to do so by your Area Leader.
The following areas are designated as safe zones for fire evacuation:
- Aaron Building: Center of quad and grassy knoll near gazebo
- Admissions/Financial Aid: Field behind Admissions
- Gym/Café/Bookstore: Hill beside Franklin Springs PH Church
- Library: Parking lot of Wellons Science Resource Center
- Maintenance: Gate entrance next to tree line
- Nash/SCM: Behind Gym
- Student Life/Wellons Science: Wellons resident parking lot
- SAC: Baseball Field
- Swails Center: West parking lot next to tree line
- Taylor Building/Taylor Chapel/Cafeteria: Center of Quad
- Teacher Education: Tennis Courts
Note: These areas have been selected as initial meeting places after consultation with local fire officials. If the area becomes dangerous, the Area Leader will direct the group to a safer place.
Emergency Numbers
In Case of Emergency
Dial 911 for Fire, Ambulance, and Life-Threatening Emergencies.
Dialing "9" to reach an outside line is not required when dialing 911.
Non-Emergency Numbers
All extensions must dial "9" to reach an outside line.
Career Services
Welcome to Career Services!
To see a complete list of student job/intern opportunities in the local area, or around the world, visit our
Career Services is here to help YOU!
Emmanuel College Career Services provides the following services:
- Assistance with resumes
- Mock Interview workshops
- Preparation and transportation to Career Fairs
- Career Counseling
- Assessment and "type-matching" for major/career
Career Services is located in Student Life office across from the gym.
There is no charge for Career Services.
Monday through Thursday – 8:00am to 4:00pm
Friday – 8:00am to noon
706-245-2881 (office)
706-245-2867 (fax)
Sean Williamson, Director, firstname.lastname@example.com
Appointments are preferred, but walk-ins will be taken when scheduling allows.
For a list of resources, make sure you visit our Helpful Links.
Student Loans
Below is a chart that will provide you a quick overview of the loans available to you. We are here to help you determine the right strategy to meet your financial needs.
Stafford Loan | Student | $3,500 - $12,500 (base on grade level and dependency status) | 4.66 to 6.21% | No | *1.053% |
Federal PLUS Loan | Parent | Up to full cost of school | 7.21% | Yes | *4.212% |
Other Borrowing Options | Student, usually with cosigner | Up to full cost of school | Based upon credit (variable) | Yes | Varies |
* The rates used to calculate fees are subject to change.
Work Study
Students have opportunity to seek employment while attending Emmanuel College. The college cannot guarantee all students employment since there are more students than available positions. Students are encouraged to submit their application for student employment as soon as possible.
The two types of student employment are:
Federal Work-Study (FWS) is for students who have demonstrated need according to the results of the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA).
Institutional Work-Study (IWS) is for students who are not eligible for the Federal Work-Study program, including international students.
Employment questions should be directed to Student Employment Coordinator, Joann Harper at 706-245-2805 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Student Employment Application (click here)
Student Employment Positions (click here)
Work-Study Payment
All positions are paid at least minimum wage, and student employees are paid on a bi-weekly schedule by electronic deposit to the Emmanuel Prepaid Card. For payroll questions, please contact Anita Ray at 706-245-2806 or email@example.com. For more information about the Emmanuel Prepaid Card, please click the image below.
Other Aid Sources
The following resources can help you find other sources of financial aid. Beware of scams and services that will charge you a fee!
AmeriCorps provides full-time educational awards in return for community service. You can work before, during or after your post-secondary education, and you can use the funds either to pay current educational expenses or to repay federal student loans. For more information, call 1-800-942-2677 or visit http://www.americorps.org/
Businesses and labor organizations: Many companies, businesses and labor organizations have programs to help employees or members and their families pay for post-secondary education. Ask about scholarship programs and the application process.
Organizations: Foundations, religious organizations, fraternities or sororities and civic clubs offer student financial aid. Also, search community organizations and civic groups such as the YMCA, 4-H Club, Kiwanis, Rotary, the Girl or Boy Scouts, etc. Organizations connected with your field of interest can also be helpful.
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs: If you (or your spouse) are a veteran or you are the dependent of a veteran, veterans' educational benefits may be available. Information is available at www.gibill.va.gov or call 1-888-442-4551.
Public libraries and the Internet are excellent sources of information on state and private sources of financial aid. When using either, search using keywords like "financial aid," "student aid," "scholarships," etc. Some examples include:
- http://www.finaid.org
- http://www.collegeboard.com
- http://scholarshipamerica.org/
- http://freescholarshipguide.com/
- http://www.graduatetutor.com/scholarships/
- http://www.collegeanswer.com/
- http://www.fastweb.com/
- http://www.usafunds.org/
- http://www.hsf.net/
- http://www.attsavings.com/scholarship
- http://www.charlesullman.com/scholarship-essay-contest/
- http://www.scholarshipexperts.com
- http://www.pierce-antibodies.com/PierceScholarship/index.cfm
- http://www.studentscholarships.org
- http://www.free-4u.com/minority.htm
- https://www.53.com/student-banking/sweepstakes-rules.html
- http://scholarshipguidance.com/all_scholarships.php
- http://www.novusbio.com/scholarship-program.html
Federal and State Scholarships and Grants
Emmanuel College participates in the following financial aid programs:
Federal Programs
- Federal Pell Grant
- Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG)
- Federal Work-Study
- Federal Direct Student Stafford Loans
- Federal Direct Parent PLUS Loans
Programs for Georgia Residents
EC Scholarships
A scholarship is a financial aid award that does not need to be repaid. Scholarships are a form of merit-based aid, meaning they are offered based on merit or achievement in a specific area. Below is a list of the scholarships currently available at Emmanuel College.
Academic Scholarships - Up to $6,000
Valedictorian Scholarship - up to $18,000
Fine Arts Scholarship - Up to $1,100 per win
Church Matching Scholarship - Up to $1,000 total
Founders Scholarship - $2,500
Pentecostal Heritage Scholarship - $1,000
Legacy Scholarship - $500
Family Discount - $600
Senior Citizen Discount - up to $18,000
ELI Scholarship - up to $18,000
Costs and Fees
Additional Costs
Athletic Health Insurance: Any student athlete who cannot provide proof of health insurance coverage will be required to purchase a policy through the Emmanuel College Athletic Department.
Registration Deposits
- Returning Students: $50
- New Commuting Students: $50
- New Resident Students: $200
The amount of the deposit will be credited to the student's account at the time of receipt. Students who decide not to enroll may cancel their reservation and receive a full refund of their deposit up to, but no later than, May 1st for fall semester and October 1st for spring semester. If a student is unable to attend for the semester originally indicated, the deposit, upon request, can be applied to the next semester only. Returning students will pay the established room reservation fee each spring for the coming academic year which shall be non-refundable.
Budgeting for Books
Your tuition does not include the cost of books that are required for your class. For more infomation about budgeting for books and purchasing them, click here.
Students can view their accounts online by going to www.ec.edu and logging into "My EC." Invoices are not sent through the mail, rather it is the student's responsibility to keep track of their student account balance online. Payments may be submitted directly online using a debit or credit card, in person at the Cashier's Office, or mailed to Emmanuel College, P.O. Box 129, Franklin Springs, GA, 30639. Interest-free payment plan enrollment option is also available online. Paper statements will not be mailed unless a specific need exists.
In order for a student to be activated for a particular semester, the total charges for the semester, including any balance remaining from a previous semester, must be covered by some combination of the following by August 1st for fall semester and by December 15th for spring semester:
- Finalized financial aid, including all loans, grants, and scholarships. (Please note, the amount of financial aid received may not be sufficient to cover total charges for the semester.)
- A signed and approved EMMANUEL COLLEGE PAYMENT PLAN contract accepted by Emmanuel College. (Emmanuel College maintains sole discretion to determine if payments under the plan are reasonable and likely to be paid.)
- Payment on account by cash, check, money order, or approved charge to a valid debit or credit card.
If the student's financial aid is not finalized by August 1st for fall semester and by December 15th for spring semester, then in order to be activated, the student must cover all semester charges, including any prior balance, by some acceptable combination of items 2 and 3 above by August 1st for fall semester and by December 15th for spring semester. If financial aid is subsequently finalized, then one or more of the items used to cover the charges may be reduced or refunded to the student.
If a student fails to cover the charges for a semester by the date specified above, the following procedures will apply:
1. The student will not be activated and will not be allowed to attend classes.
2. If a resident student, the student will not be allowed to move into the residence hall.
3. The student's transcript will not reflect enrollment or registration for the semester.
4. Charges and financial aid for the semester will be removed from the student's account.
If a student fails to fund a monthly payment on their EMMANUEL COLLEGE PAYMENT PLAN, the student may be administratively withdrawn from school for that semester and the following procedures shall apply:
1. If a resident student, the student must move out of the residence hall by midnight of the Sunday following the administrative withdrawal.
2. The student's transcript will reflect the withdrawal for the semester.
3. Charges and financial aid for the semester will be prorated according to the Federal Withdrawal Calculation.
Any time a balance exists after August 1st for fall semester or after December 15th for spring semester, a FINANCE CHARGE OF 1.5% PER MONTH will be applied to any past due balances. This is an ANNUAL PERCENTAGE RATE OF 18%. If a student's account must be submitted to a collection agency for collection, all costs of collection will be added to the account and must be paid in order to settle the account.
Emmanuel College reserves the right to suspend and/or dismiss a student for nonpayment of amounts due. In the case of a suspension, a fee of $100.00 will be charged for reinstatement after the account is paid in full. Diplomas and/or transcripts will not be released until all outstanding balances on accounts with the College have been settled.
Emmanuel College, like most colleges, must make commitments in advance for faculty, staff, equipment, supplies, utilities, and other operating expenses for the entire year. Therefore, the college policy considers the acceptance of registration as a contract binding student and parents for charges for the entire semester.
However, when it becomes necessary to withdraw from school, reduction in tuition and residence charges will be made according to the refund policy as outlined by Federal Law. Emmanuel College has adopted the Federal Policy as the official refund policy of the college. To be eligible for a refund of tuition and residence charges, a student must complete the official withdrawal process or be administratively withdrawn.
Depending on when a student becomes no longer enrolled, the law may provide for a refund of unearned tuition, fees, and residence charges for students who withdraw, drop out, are expelled, fail to return from an approved leave of absence, or fail to complete the period of enrollment for which they were charged.
The Federal Refund Policy mandates that the College calculate the cancelation of tuition and fees and refunds of Title IV funds based on the percentage of the semester the student has completed. Any student who has completed more than sixty percent (60%) of the semester will not be eligible for any refund. More details may be obtained from the Office of Student Accounts or Financial Aid Office.


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Review Summary
This boxed earring, bracelet and necklace set features pink cultured freshwater pearls with sterling silver accents.
- Necklace: 18-in. L
- Bracelet: 7.5-in. L
- Polished finish
- Post earring
- Sterling silver
- Imported
Shipping & Returns
Shipping your purchase is easy on belk.com. Depending on the destination of your package, you can expect it to arrive within 4-7 business days. Shipping Information
Returns are easy on belk.com. Easy returns


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Call Us : 813-774-4750
Logistics involves the coordination and transportation of drugs, devices, and clinical trials supplies between manufacturers, depots, sites, and patients. Packaging and labeling is included within this segment.
Distribution & Management
Distribution & Management refers to the contract services that provide management of a drug distribution chain, the inbound or outbound distribution courier service itself, or both. This sub-segment includes supply chain management for clinical trial drugs or finished goods, courier/transportation services, wholesale services, and storage services.
Packaging consists of placing ready-to-ship goods in suitable shipping cases and boxes for transportation. Packaging services also include labeling and printing for the package container and production of raw pharmaceutical packaging materials such as bottles, caps, and boxes.
Logistics Technology encompasses all technology solutions that assist with logistics management or security. Logistics management systems, tracking solutions such as RFID tracking systems, and anti-counterfeit systems are all represented in this category.


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Product Description
Available while supplies last.
Halo 6-Light Chandelier
- Polished Stainless Steel finish
- Neutral White LED (Included)
- LED Lifespan: 50,000 hours
- Over 80 Lumens/Watt
- Dimmable driver (Uses standard incandescent dimmer)
Materials: | Metal | |
Voltage: | 120 volt | |
Installation: | Dry Locations [Explain] | |
Listing: | , Eco-Friendly, LED, Energy Saving, Quick Ship | |
Shade Material | Metal Shades |
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2013 Volkswagen CC R-Line Starts at $33,020
Along with refreshing the midsize sedan for the new model year, Volkswagen added a sporty version to the CC's lineup. The R-Line will start just over $33,000, including a destination fee, when it goes on sale at the end of this year.
Available with the CC's 200-horsepower, turbocharged 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine, the R-Line looks more aggressive than regular CCs thanks to unique bumpers, side skirts and taillights along with a large lower air intake and projector-style chrome-ringed fog lights. Shaded taillights and specific 18-inch aluminum-alloy wheels give it a more menacing look.
The R-Line slots in between the base 2.0T trim and 2.0T Sport Plus model. Full 2013 Volkswagen CC pricing is after the jump:


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Philanthropic News
October 2014
- CCCI at Fresno State Receives $502,000 Grant to Support Infant Mental Health. The Central California Childrens Institute (CCCI) at Fresno State received a $502,000 grant to support clinician training in infant mental health.
- Cal Poly Pomona Gets $203,000 Grant for High-Tech. Cal Poly Pomona has received a $203,000 Major Research Instrumentation Program award from the National Science Foundation to purchase a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- CSUF's Cooper center wins science grant. Science Foundation awards grant to Cooper center Cal State Fullerton was recently awarded a three-year, $500,000 grant by the National Science Foundation for the protection and curation of the paleontology collection at the university's John D. Cooper Archaeological and Paleontological Center.
September 2014
- CSU Receives $1M from Chevron for STEM Teacher Education. The California State University has received a $1 million grant from Chevron to help integrate engineering design into K-12 teacher preparation through the CSUs Pathways to New Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) Teacher Excellence initiative.
- Why Not a Billion? SDSU Aims for $750M Fundraising Goal. San Diego State University has reached an impressive fundraising goal of $500 million goal and is aiming higher – now SDSU is pushing to $750 million.
- CSUN Marine Biologists Get $1.9 Million For Ocean Research. The National Science Foundation has granted Cal State Northridge $1.9 million for research on how increasing ocean acidification — caused by climate change — influences the reef ecosystem, the school announced Monday.
- Cal Maritime receives $500,000 leadership gift. Cal Maritime was recently given a $500,000 private gift from Tom and Libby Edwards to establish the Edwards Leadership Development Program.
- SDSU passes $500M fundraising target. San Diego State University announced Friday it had surpassed its $500 million fundraising goal after having two of its most successful years ever and said it plans to extend the campaign to a new goal of raising $750 million.
- One Purpose Raises $116,000 in First Weeks of Campaign at CSU Stanislaus. Approximately two weeks into the One Purpose fundraising campaign at California State University, Stanislaus, volunteers have already collected $116,148 in pledges for scholarships that will go to students who demonstrate academic excellence.
August 2014
- SDSU Holds JAM Center Groundbreaking. San Diego State University held a ceremonial groundbreaking for the Jeff Jacobs JAM Center, the men's and women's basketball performance center, scheduled to be completed by August 2015. The total cost of the project is $14.5 million, of which $12.5 million in private funding has been raised.
- Artists residency program lives on thanks to grant. The Andy Warhol Foundation awarded the downtown Santa Ana center $100,000 to support its artist-in-residence program. Cal State Fullerton invites a few artists each year to live and work at the center for a period of time.
- CSUN Film Program Awarded $50,000 from Hollywood Foreign Press. California State University, Northridge's acclaimed film program was awarded $50,000 to support student film projects earlier this month by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association at its annual star-studded grants banquet.
- Collaborative Research Leads to CSU Science Success. CSU faculty members continue to make waves in the science community as five CSU researchers have won a prestigious grant of nearly $900,000 from the National Science Foundation to conduct collaborative research on ocean acidification and hypoxia
- Fresno State raises most money since recession. In its biggest fund-raising year since the beginning of the economic downturn, Fresno State brought in more than $43 million for scholarships, research, lab space and other projects last fiscal year.
July 2014
- CSU Receives $500K for Study on Impact of STEM Service-Learning. The California State University has been awarded a $500,000 grant from the W.M. Keck Foundation that will fund a study on the impact of service-learning courses in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines.
- Schroeder Hall at Sonoma States Green Music Center to open in August. Sonoma State University on Thursday announced the grand opening weekend Aug. 23 and 24 of Schroeder Hall, a 250-seat recital hall that will present intimate concerts by guest artists, year-round music classes and concerts and special organ recitals on its 1,248-pipe Brombaugh Opus 9 organ.
- Cal Poly Pomona reaches record $160M goal for fundraising campaign. Cal Poly Pomona announced that it collected a record $160 million in donations, bequests and pledges in the culmination of a six-year fundraising campaign.
June 2014
- Donors Help CSULB Offer Masters in Italian Studies Starting This Fall. California State University Long Beach students wishing to continue their studies in Italian can extend a major grazie to two donors who supplied the university with $100,000 in scholarship endowments for the new Master of Arts degree program set to start in the Fall.
- Fresno State to build agriculture research center. Fresno State University officials and donors break ground Friday on a 30,000-square-foot interdisciplinary research building where the universitys brightest minds will collaborate to solve the most pressing agricultural issues facing the region and the world.
- Fresno State breaks ground on ag, engineering research center. The building is being paid for with a multimillion-dollar donation from the Jordan family, the namesake of Fresno States Jordan College of Agricultural Sciences and Technology.
- CSUCI program fuses business, charity. Imagine making a donation to a charity that measures its success by returning every penny to the benefactor as quickly as possible.
- Matoian gifts $500K for Fresno State scholarships. Local businessman and Fresno State alumnus Mathias Matty Matoian has given $500,000 to the university to fund scholarships for business and nursing students.
May 2014
- Donor Gives $2M to SDSU For Aztec Basketball Programs. An anonymous $2 million donation will go toward basketball practice facility at San Diego State University, the school announced.
- Cal State L.A. alumni go from radical activists to honored donors. Cal State Los Angeles alumni Charon DAiello Sandoval and David Sandoval were dedicated revolutionaries in the late 60s. Recently, Cal State L.A.s Student Services Center was named in their honor. The couple established a $350,000 permanent endowment to support student programs.
- Fresno State gets $200,000 donation for mental health center. A Fresno State mental health center that gives graduate students clinical counseling experience is getting a $200,000 donation from retired Fresno dentist Harry Moordigian.
- HSU receives $5.88 million biomass research grant. A group of researchers at Humboldt State University recently received a $5.88 million grant to research a better way to use a charcoal-like residue created when slash from timber harvesting is burned.
- McCaffrey Homes establishes scholarship at Fresno State. Fresno homebuilder McCaffrey Homes has donated $25,000 to Fresno State for use in scholarships that will help future planners create sustainable communities.
April 2014
- Chico State ag alumnus helps promote university. A California State University-Chico graduate with a degree in animal science, Sarah DeForest is helping the university gain funding and students as the College of Agricultures advancement director.
March 2014
- CSUB to celebrate largest corporate donation. Cal State Bakersfield revealed Wednesday that the more than $2 million it received from Chevron Corp. energy donations last year comprised the largest yearly contribution from a corporate donor in the universitys history.
February 2014
- SDSU celebrates renovated complex. The new, 435-seat Charles Hostler Hall is reserved for classes, programs and events, and is named for the retired Air Force colonel and former ambassador to Bahrain who recently gave $3 million to support global studies at SDSU.
- $20M gift to SDSU is school's largest. Philanthropist Conrad Prebys on Wednesday announced that hes giving $20 million to San Diego State University to create endowed scholarships that will support about 150 students annually.
January 2014
- SSU Wine Business Institute to get own building. The Wine Business Institute at Sonoma State University is set to get a 14,580-square-foot new home on campus, thanks to a $1 million gift from a local wine industry figure.
December 2013
- Alumnus Jack McGrory continues his support of The Campaign for SDSU. San Diego State University has even more to be thankful for this holiday season alumnus Jack McGrory has donated $1.2 million to The Campaign for SDSU, bringing the campaign to $435 million of its $500 million goal.
- Aztec Athletics receives $1.1 M from Jeff Jacobs. Jeff Jacobs, former Qualcomm executive and now Vice Chairman of the NBA Sacramento Kings and owner of the Rancho Valencia Resort and Spa, has made a $1.1 million gift to San Diego State University Athletics in support of the Aztec Basketball Performance Center and student-athlete scholarships.
- CSU Receives $1.5 Million Grant from the James Irvine Foundation. The California State University Foundation was announced as the recipient of a $1.5 million grant to prepare educators who are proficient in Linked Learning and provide seamless Linked Learning pathways to bachelor's degrees in high demand fields such as engineering and health sciences.
November 2013
- Fresno State president Castro aids in fundraising, discusses athletics vision. President Castro is hoping that the excitement surrounding the Fresno State football team not only will help raise Fresno State's profile nationally but also within the community, and that the euphoria will help achieve his primary goal to increase fundraising across campus.
- CSUSB Palm Desert Campus Receives $250,000. The H.N. and Frances C. Berger Foundation surprised a crowd of California State University, San Bernardino supporters with the recent announcement of a new H.N. and Frances Berger Expendable Scholarship Fund for students enrolled at the CSUSB Palm Desert Campus.
- CSUF Unveils Branding Research Center. Cal State Fullerton launched the Center for Brand Values Communication and Research following an announcement stating a $75,000 funding gift from the nonprofit Crevier Family Foundation was received to kick-start the venture.
- CSU Channel Islands gets $100,000 gift. CSU Channel Islands has received a $100,000 gift from Union Bank that it will use primarily for scholarships and campus renovations.


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Re: Retrieving query specifications programmatically for search capabilities
You can retrieve the query definitions by using the RTVQMQRY command with ALWQRYDFN(*YES). Too bad that no generic names are allowed on this command. I have a user-defined option in PDM to retrieve a bunch of definitions into a single source file, and then use the "25" option (fndstrpdm) to search for files, fields etc.
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RTVQMQRY QMQRY(qry_library/qry_name) SRCFILE(src_lib/member) ALWQRYDFN(*YES)