text:
NT OS Loader + Linux mini-HOWTO
v1.11, 2 September 19971. Abstract
2. How does the NT OS Loader work
3. Tips on how to install Windows NT and Linux on the same System
4. Bootpart
5. The Linux part of the work
6. The Windows NT part of the work
7. Play it again Sam
8. Troubleshooting
9. References
10. Acknowledgements
11. Feedback
1. Abstract
This document describes the use of the Windows NT boot loader to start Linux. This procedures have been tested with Windows NT 4.0 WS and Linux 2.0.
2. How does the NT OS Loader work
The NT OS loader likes to have the boot sector from the other operating systems available as a file. It reads this file and starts the operating system selected, i.e. either Windows NT in different Modes or any other OS.
3. Tips on how to install Windows NT and Linux on the same System
3.1 Windows NT installation
Try to install Windows NT first. If you want to use NTFS for your
Windows NT-partition, keep in mind, that the todays production
version of Linux cannot access NTFS partitions. An alpha driver
that can read NTFS-Partitions is available at
. You
may create a separate FAT-Partition for data exchange or you have
to use DOS-formatted floppies.
3.2 Partitioning
Another Mini-howto recommends not to use NTs "Disk Administartor" to create the Linux swap- and root-partitions. It is sufficient to see the free space there. I also recommend to use linux's fdisk later.
3.3 Linux installation
Now boot linux from diskettes, create the swap and root-partition. Fdisk assumes the ntfs-partition to be a HPFS-partition. This is normal. Boot again from diskettes and install Linux as you like.
Just in case the installation procedure suggests that you could mount the HPFS partition which it has found: Ignore it.
3.4 Lilo
When you come to the Lilo-Section, specify your
Linux-root-partition as your boot device because the Master Boot
Record (MBR) of your harddisk is owned by Windows NT. This means
that the root-entry and the boot-entry in your
have the same value. If you have a
IDE-harddisk and your Linux-partition is the second partition, your
boot-entry in /etc/lilo.conf
looks like:
If you have two disks and your Linux resides on the first partition
of your second disk, your boot-entry in /etc/lilo.conf
looks like:
Run lilo with a kernel that matches your system. Check the kernel by booting from diskette first if you are not sure.
If you cannot boot Windows NT now, you have a problem. I hope you have created a repair-disk recently.
4. Bootpart
There is a NT-programm called bootpart written by G. Vollant that
can do the jobs from the next two points for you. Bootpart is
available at
If you want to know how things are working together, use the procedures described in point 5 and 6.
5. The Linux part of the work
You have to boot from diskettes until the NT-part is fixed.
Now you have to peel the bootsector from your Linux-root-Partition. With /dev/hda2 as your linux-partition, the dd-command is:
# dd if=/dev/hda2 of=/bootsect.lnx bs=512 count=1
There is something wrong if your bootsect.lnx has more than 512 bytes.
Now copy the file bootsect.lnx to a DOS-formated floppy if this is your way to transfer files to the NTFS-Windows-partition.
You can copy it with
# mcopy /bootsect.lnx a:
or with
# mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt # copy /bootsect.lnx /mnt # umount /mnt
6. The Windows NT part of the work
Copy the file from the diskette to C:\\bootsect.lnx
don't tell you how to do that.
What lilo.conf is for linux is c:\\boot.ini
Windows NT. Remove the, system- and the read-only-attribute before
you can modify it with:
C:\attrib -s -r c:\boot.ini
Now change the file boot.ini with an editor, notepad for example, as follows:
[boot loader] timeout=30 default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT="Windows NT Workstation ... multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT="Windows NT Workstation ... C:\BOOTSECT.LNX="Linux"
Only the last line has been added in this example. Restore the
attributes after you have saved boot.ini
C:\attrib +s +r c:\boot.ini
After a shutdown of your Windows NT and a restart your should see the following:
OS Loader V4.00 Please select the operating system to start: Windows NT Workstation Version 4.0 Windows NT Workstation Version 4.0 [VGA mode] Linux Select Linux and see LILO loading zImage ....
7. Play it again Sam
A new copy of bootsect.lnx must be transfererd to
evry time the bootsector of your
linux-partition has been modified. This happens for example when
you install a new kernel with lilo. As you can see such a system in
not ideal for testing experimental kernels.
8. Troubleshooting
If things do not work as expected, check bootability with a floppy
disk. With /dev/hdb1
as your Linux-partition, your
has the following entries:
root=/dev/hdb1 boot=/dev/fd0
Run lilo with a diskette inserted. Now try to boot from the
diskette. If your Linux on /dev/hdb1
can't be started,
the NT OS loader will also fail to start it. If you see a lot of
01 01 01 01
, your root-disk is not accessible. Check
whether all your disks are known by the bios.
If the floppy boots your Linux partition, you can peel of your boot-sector for the NT OS loader with:
# dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/bootsect.lnx bs=512 count=1
You can keep this diskette as your rescue-diskette just in case your Windows NT installation breaks.
9. References
- The Linux+WindowsNT mini-HOWTO
- The FAQ for FreeBSD 2.X
10. Acknowledgements
11. Feedback
Any comments are welcome.


text:
2012 Volvo 670 Gulfport, MS
2015 Chevrolet 3500HD New Hampton, IA
2014 Dodge RAM 1500 PROMASTER Orlando, FL
2007 International 9400i Lake Butler, FL
2009 Freightliner CST120 Des Moines , IA
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Didn't find what you were looking for? Click here to request availability from our dealer network.
Kevin Jones has an enthusiastic fascination with the supply chain. As editor of American Trucker, he focuses on the critical role owner-ops and small fleets play in the economy, both local and global. And he plays with big trucks.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
PROVIDENCE, R.I. — Governor Chafee has named two chairmen for the new councils within the Rhode Island Board of Education.
Chafee named Michael Bernstein to be chairman of the Council on Post-Secondary Education, and Patrick Guida, as chairman of the Council on Elementary and Secondary Education.
They will join Eva-Marie Mancuso, chairwoman of the state Board of Education. The appointments are for one year, Mancuso said.
Bernstein is a retired state administrator who in recent years has served as an outreach volunteer coordinator for his alma mater, University of Miami. He serves on the board of directors for the Rhode Island Student Assistance Program, where he has volunteered for over 26 years.
Guida, a partner in the Providence law firm of Duffy & Sweeney, previously served as vice-chairman of the Rhode Island Board of Regents for Elementary and Secondary Education and is the immediate past president and a current officer of the National Association of State Boards of Education.
He served on the Barrington School Committee for 18 years, including 12 years as chairman; as former president of the Rhode Island Association of School Committees and has held several offices with the National Association of State Boards of Education.
Both Bernstein and Guida have served on the state board since 2013.
The board's new structure includes one education board but splits governance over kindergarten through grade 12 and higher education between two councils.
On Twitter: @LynnArditi


text:
13 Mar 2011 | #1 |
Edited tags not working in itunes
When I edit tags for music files in windows explorer, either right-clicking and going into properties or editing whilst viewing the details, when I import the song into itunes it doesn't show up.
Sometimes it will work, where the album, the year, the genre, artist, and title show up. But sometimes when I upload an entire album 2 or 3 songs wont display the tags correctly. They only show 'artist - song' (which is the name of the file) in the name field in itunes. (It used to only show 'artist - song' when I imported using xp when the files didn't have any info in them except for the file name). It's really time consuming to have to then re-edit all the details in itunes. Especially as itunes tends to stall when I try to edit properties. Has anyone else had this problem? |
My System Specs |
14 Mar 2011 | #2 |
Hi sweetiecandykim and welcome to the forums.
I haven't had this problem - I don't use iTunes, but have had similar problems in the past. I recommend using Tagscanner. It's a free id3 tag editor. You can do a lot with it, including bulk tagging from online databases. Definately worth a look... |
My System Specs |
19 Mar 2011 | #3 |
I downloaded that program. It looks good because you can change the file names too and the text to lower/title case etc.
However, I don't really know how to use it and it will be longer to edit tags if I only have a couple that need editing. I still haven't figured out how to make the tags work in itunes. I put the artist in the 'album artist' field for one album and they imported into itunes smoothly, however I did the same for another album and the album, genre,date, comments field didn't have any info. Also the title field was artist-title. It worked fine in XP. Except that I used to have to do the comment field a few times because it would put random number and letter there. |
My System Specs |
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text:
After much excavation, I've finally begun to fill the new bog with peat moss and sand, and can look towards what to plant. I'd very much like to have all the plants be native to my region (Chicago, IL). I have a few plants in mind, but wonder if there are any that I'm omitting. I'd also be curious to know possible plants sources (e.g. internet vendors).
Here are the plants that I'm considering at the moment:
Thanks for any help you can provide in this endeavor of mine. Josh |
Follow-Up Postings:
At Volo Bog, in addition to species you have listed, I have seen: Cinnamon Fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) Sensitive Fern (Onoclea sensibilis) Blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) Winterberry Holly (Ilex verticillata) and Leatherleaf (Chamaedaphne calyculata) |
You're unlikely to find a responsible source for Acaule. While it'll like the acid, it isn't likely to appreciate the sun required for a bog. Here are some other species: Rose Pogonia Some of these species might be native a bit more north of you, but they are all Northern American Natives and should do well. |
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Everything You Need To Know About Poinsettias
I visited Bachman's farmhouse on Tuesday to learn about the Poinsettia, the most popular holiday plant in North America.
Minnesotan To Meet: Dale Bachman
Whether you've gotten married, gotten in trouble with your spouse or celebrated Valentine's day – there's one thing you need: flowers. And there's really one name most of us think of: Bachman's. The man taking the floral gift and garden store into the future still has the last name Bachman. That's what makes Dale Bachman a Minnesotan to Meet.
Rival Minn. Schools Show Solidarity After Tragedy
College students in Northfield are coming together to support a neighboring school. After learning of the death of a student at St. Olaf last week, Carleton students filled every mailbox at St. Olaf with a flower as a way to show solidarity. "It was an absolutely incredible gesture that we experienced from Carleton," said junior John Bruer.
Officials: Man May Be Charged For Shooting Deer Eating His Flowers
Officials say an Eden Prairie man will likely face charges after he allegedly shot a deer with a pellet gun, and authorities had to dispose of it. The incident happened Friday afternoon when city police say they were called to the 18800 block of Pheasant Circle on a report of a man walking around with a gun.
Good Question: Why Do We Like Getting Flowers?
This Mother's Day, Americans are expected to spend an average of $163 on mom. According to the National Retail Federation, 81 percent of people will send cards and 66 percent will give flowers. Sweaters, books, CDs, gardening tools, a day at the spa and brunch rounded out the list.
St. Paul Hotel Floral Expert Offers Up Gardening Tips
The gorgeous English garden at the St. Paul Hotel is one of the most popular in the state, and this year it celebrates a milestone 20th anniversary. WCCO's Edward Moody decided to ask their full-time horticulturalist Sarah Orvik how the rest of us can get our gardening started.
Dara Moskowitz Grumdahl's Top 5 Lunch Dates to Look At Flowers
Everybody loves flowers! And good grief do we love them after THIS winter. This week, the Macy's Flower Show opened up on the 8th floor of the downtown Minneapolis store and that inspired Dara to come up with her Top 5 Lunch Dates to Look at Flowers!
Curiocity: Macy's Flower Show — The Secret Garden
It's safe to say that this year – more than ever – Minnesotans need a taste of spring. And while we'll have to wait a few more weeks before the weather matches the changing season, winter weary residents will soon have a place to escape.
How To Make Your Valentine's Flowers Last
Figures show as many as 95 million flowers are delivered on Valentine's Day. But for many people, they don't last too long in the vase. WCCO's Aristea Brady thought it would only be timely to ask experts a question many of you probably thought about today: How do I make my roses last?
Businesses Smitten With Valentine's Day Rush
By now, there's a good chance you've sent your special someone flowers for Valentine's Day. And you may have dinner plans waiting for you. It's all part of the Valentine's Day rush for Twin Cities businesses. Many began preparing for this day weeks in advance, and it's one of those holidays that brings in big business, according to Stephanie Hagen of Spruce Flowers and Home in south Minneapolis.
WCCO Viewers' Choice For Best Farmers Market: St. Paul
WCCO viewers picked their favorite farmers market in the state and the winner just happened to be the location that Zagat named as one of the eight must-visit farmers markets in the county. It's the St. Paul Farmers Market, a market celebrating 160 years in the making. This is what sets St. Paul apart is the freshness of its products.
Hennepin County Hosting Master Gardener Tour
If you don't have a green thumb, but want a great garden, why not check out the Hennepin County Master Gardener Tour this weekend? Six gardens across the Twin Cities will all have themes, including rain, feng shui and water.
How To Keep Deer Away From Your Garden
Gardeners just can't seem to get a break this spring. First, it was a late start to the growing season with cool, rainy weather and not a lot of sunshine. And now deer are causing problems.
$500 Worth Of Plants Stolen In Mpls
Keep an eye on those annuals and perennials. Plant thieves took flowers and hanging baskets from a home in the Linden Hills neighborhood on Tuesday night. Jeanne Long said she lost more than $500 worth of plants and pots.
Dismal Spring Has Landscaping Jobs Delayed At Least 1 Month
For the Twin Cities, the cold and rainy weather has dramatically slowed landscaping and gardening projects. Whether it's a major patio project, or planting a home garden, everything seems to be a month behind.


text:
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Posts describe causes of workplace accidents, note common workplace accidents, and legislation aimed at preventing accidents.
Personal injury law in South Carolina and beyond.
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This blawg covers South Carolina accident and injury law, including product liability, car accidents and food poisoning.
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The authors blog about traffic safety and ordinance changes regarding traffic in South Carolina, as well as advice about personal injury lawsuits.
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Covers car accidents, dog bites, injuries, insurance disputes, motorcycle accidents, truck accidents and wills and trusts.
"About all things law as well as the compelling comings, goings, and points of view of a New York City law firm." The podcast Immigration Link with Brad Bernstein can also be found here.
Posts include new court decisions regarding special needs cases, "special needs trusts, Medicare set asides, MSP compliance, complex lien resolution, Qualified Settlement Funds and case law."
This blog is about personal injury law, insurance law, current legislation and news stories related to tort cases. Posts have a Washington state focus, but national stories are covered too.
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"St. Louis personal injury blog discussing the latest news and information relating to auto accidents and safety in Missouri and Illinois."
Michael Perenich discusses all thing about personal injury in and around the St. Petersburg, Clearwater, Florida area. Posts cover recent personal injury case news, court and policy decisions affecting litigation and other legal topics.
Reports on news regarding the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), about financial fraud, securities and insurance.
"The Stop Collector Blog covers news and items of interest related to debt collection, debt collector harassment, and the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act."
StraightTalkLawBlog is devoted to news of accidents involving wrongful death and serious injury in Washington state, safety tips, and information on personal injury law.
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Information, news and commentary about structured settlements and settlement planning.
"Structured Settlements Alert is a timely blog that discusses the latest news and options for personal injury, workers' comp and divorce attorneys when they are considering creating structured settlements for their clients."


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Thu, Oct 18, 12 at 19:33
Our floors were stained last night, and this morning when I peeked in the windows to see how they turned out, I noticed floor stain all over the lower inch or two of our molding. Is this a common occurrence? Obviously somehow it will get fixed, but how? Will paint cover stain? Or will the stain bleed through? I really don't want a quick fix now that will look terrible down the road. Do they need to redo all of our base molding?
BTW- I love how the floors turned out! It was a bit scary after the first coat of stain looked orange, but the second darker stain seems to have fixed it. Can't wait to see them with the seal coat on. :-) |
Follow-Up Postings:
You can relax; paint will cover stain on baseboard or any other painted surface. Moreover, your builder will more than likely install a shoe mold on top of the floor that fits up against the base board about 3/4" after the floors are completely finished. At least that portion of the splashed up base will be covered. A practiced painter will be able to touch up the base that remains. That said, the floor finishers should not have leaked stain up an inch or two. Any thing more than 1/16"is unacceptable to me. |
Thanks ohbldr. That makes me feel better. The painters have done a great job so far so I'm sure it will be fine. The stain guy has been terrible. He's a joke. :-/ |
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text:
Save The St. Mary's Prayer Room
Over the Easter Holidays, St Marys Catholic Primary School will be changing into another school library. We believe the one thing that makes St Marys unique should not be just thrown away. Join this group if you agree.
Recent signatures
shaun duffy, United Kingdom
5 years ago Comments: -
lynn varley, United Kingdom
5 years ago Comments: Our prayer room is a VERY special place and the staff and pupils, past and present would really love to keep it as it is.
laura firth., United Kingdom
5 years ago Comments: noo they cant get rid ov it :(. thats not goood!
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Great Lakes cruise
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Actually, the Welland is not the only way to get from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. You can take the Erie Canal from Buffalo eastward to Oswego, NY. Of course, you'll have to lower the mast at Buffalo, but there are a couple of marinas there that will do that for you. The trip itself is a wonderful canal trip and you can usually put in along the way for no cost. Once you get to Oswego you'll have to have the mast put up again, and that also will cost you. Do a google search for Erie Canal for info.
Remember that you'll have to pay about $20 per lock on the Welland, and there are something like eight sets of locks to go through. They will take either CAN $20 or US $20, and since the Canadian dollar is worth less than the US dollar it will pay you to have the money in Canadian bills. Whichever way you go it is going to cost you some money to get through the canals.
I suggest you stop a few days at the Lake Erie islands -- South Bass (Put-in-Bay) is great, at least on the weekdays -- too much partying for me on the weekends. Also, if you pick the wrong weekend you'll find it hard to find a spot to moor or dock your boat because of the crowds. If that happens go to Middle Bass, just to the north of South Bass. It has both a state park with docks, and a yacht club that will allow you to berth for a small charge. I prefer the yacht club (Middle Bass Island Yacht Club), but be nice to the dockmaster!! Kellys Island is also nice, a lot quieter and family oriented than South Bass.
I would stop in Sandusky. You can go to the Cedar Point Marina, but Sandusky has many different marinas, the handiest being Battery Park. If you belong to an ILYA yacht club I'd look into the Sandusky Sailing Club as you'll get a nice discount there. Go to
for more info. There is a lot to do in the Sandusky area and a lot happening on the waterfront -- many different marinas there if you don't want the sailing club.
Wherever you go and stop you'll have a great trip. Enjoy it and be safe. If you get to Sandusky send me a private message on Sailnet as I keep my boat at the Sailing Club.
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See your brown on these designs right now!
Enter your colors here, then click the icon below any design to preview it in your colors.
Recommended Just For You
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Fabulous card
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Whispering Feather Save the Date Cards Absolutely loved our save the dates as did our guests. The paper quality was amazing and sleek and simple design has everyone excited for the wedding. I would definitely recommend Magnet Street. Also, as an added bonus the cards were delivered in a great Tiffany blue reusable box.
Easy Personalization
Hidden Stripe Save the Date Cards First of all, the entire site overall is very user friendly. Before personalizing everything I ordered samples to see the true quality of the products. I was shocked to see that not only was I sent the samples but I was also sent color swatches of my exact wedding colors based off of the colors I had put in. I also received a swatch of all the other colors they have available. I actually gave that sheet to my future sister in law because she is planning her wedding too. The quality is of the products is great. I love how everything can be personalized to your exact colors, pictures, and text. You can even order a sample of your card/magnet once you have personalized it. I did this because I am very particular on how things look. This site is much easier to use than some of the other sites I researched. Overall, I am very happy with my experience and I will definitely recommend others!!


text: Anybody just use the front sight of your gun for defensive purposes? I tried it once a week or two ago at the range and my point of impact was higher than the point of aim using this technique. I was using a SP101 .357 Mag. A friend of mine was telling me of this technique. Not aligning your front and rear sight but just relying on your front sight.


text:
Barrie, Ontario resident Kelsey Whyte is now know on the Internet as "Photobomb Girl"
read more
Go Photobomb Yourself of the Day: Q13 Fox News reporter Matt Lorch falls victim to that elusive photobomb beast known as "the self-photobomb." [reddit.] Tagged: Matt Lorch, Q13, Self-Photobomb Read Post
Meta Photobomb of the Day: Old and Busted: Photobombing others. New Hotness: Photobombing yourself. [reddit.] Tagged: Meta-Thing, Photobomb Read Post
If your New Year's Eve festivities include partying at a nightclub, be careful who's lurking around when you and your friends are having a photo taken. You just might be ambushed by Photobomb Girl. Kelsey Whyte, a 19-year-old photog... Read Post


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A man's heart is through his stomach, not his laundry! This Halloween, ditch the French Maid Costume, how about a sexy-ishy Strawberry Shortcake. This is an actual commercial from Fiji for the Fiji Meat Man. Can you imagine if this ran in the U.S.!??? Creepola! Must have for milk-lovers: an udderly cool pitcher. …
Miso Soup Recipe
Step by step video for 10 minute miso soup recipe with Jaden Hair and Food Network Star Aarti Sequiera.
Chinese Boiled Pork Dumplings
My mom is a Chinese dumpling wrapping queen. She can mix up a batch of filling ingredients and fold them into perfect, little half-moon dumplings faster than the time it takes me to set the table. Mom will usually sit at the breakfast table facing the television and while watching her favorite Chinese soap opera, she'll be pleating those suckers …
Friday Favorites
Friday Favorites this week are from Jess Daniel! A shoutout to Oktoberfest 2009: When I was sixteen, I spent a summer in a tiny town in Bavaria, just South of Munich. It was a summer of many firsts: first kiss, first schnitzel, first glimpse of H&M, and perhaps most importantly, my introduction to the joy of German beer. Ever since, …
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Thanks for all the replies. I agree about it looking odd with the zombie popping up but no obvious hole or splinters, but by the time I read that post it was too late.
I added a few maggots, skulls and bones and here's the finished cake.
Unfortunately I only came 4th in the competition. I know it shouldn't matter but I spent ages on it and I thought it looked and tasted great. Guess I'm just a bad loser!


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1970 PLYMOUTH ROAD RUNNER. . . . . . OUT OF RECENT STORAGE. . . . . . . DARK GREEN PAINT ON A... More
For sale in our St. Louis showroom is a Mopar muscle car that just so happens to be a convertible. A 1970 Plymouth Roadrunner... More
1970 PLYMOUTH ROAD RUNNER for saleExotic Classics is proud to present this 1970 Plymouth Road Runner. The yellow and black paint will be sure... More
This 1970 Roadrunner is for sale in the Louisville KY showroom. The Plymouth roadrunner was Chryslers answer to a back to the roots of... More
Just in! Call or visit our website for more information.... More
This 1970 Plymouth Road Runner isn't going to last long on the showroom floor. They never do. It must be the combination of in-your-face... More
BEEP-BEEP! This is a Vance Cummins (cumminsmoparrestortion.com) rotisserie restoration done in 1988 and 89' per sellers records. Upon inspection, you would guess this restoration... More
Call 440-914-0000 or email [contact seller] 1970 Plymouth Road Runner 440+6 Original V code 440 Six Barrel car Original four speed... More


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Locks Away Tough Dirt. Multi-layered Cleaning Pad. Pulls and locks in the Dirt and Dirty Water.
One pad cleans about 2 large room*.*Or approximately 30sq. metres (323sq. feet).www.sustainable-cleaning.com
Access to and use of this website is subject to our Terms & Conditions. © mySupermarket Limited, 2005-2014. All rights reserved.
Compare your local ASDA Flash Power Mop Refill Pads (12) prices with other online Groceries stores at mySupermarket.co.uk. Get price comparison, great deals, special offers and more!
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Siegfried Lenz, one of the great writers of German post-war literature is dead. He died on 7 October 2014, surrounded by his family. He was 88 years old.... more
Published a year ago, the controversial book "Deutschland schafft sich ab" (Germany is doing away with itself) by former banker and Berlin Finance Senator Thilo Sarrazin sparked intense discussion. Hamed Abdel-Samad asks: what has the Sarrazin debate achieved beyond polarisation and insult? And how can Germany avoid cultivating its own classes of "future foreigners"?
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Reviled as a racist by some, celebrated as a defender of the west by others, Thilo Sarrazin has written a book on the slow death by immigration of the German republic. He must be thrilled that "Germany is doing away with itself" is flying off the shelves; less so that it has been almost uniformly slated by press and politicians alike. For this though, the former SPD finance senator and Bundesbank board member only has himself to blame. By Joachim Güntner
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Educational Podcasts : Science
SETI Institute : Are We Alone
You might think this podcast would be all about SETI and its search for intelligent life out there somewhere... well no, this is a good general science resource that tries to be topical and fun, without dumbing down, but still suitable for most secondary school students
One of my favourite science podcasts.
Podcast Links:
Are we alone : web page or
To be added :
Astronomy Cast
Little Atoms
Science in Action
Science Times
Science Weekly
Scientific American
Silicon Valley Astronomy Lectures
The Royal Society
National Geographic
Material World
Digital Planet
The Digital Learning Foundation is a registered Educational Charity, SC036588 and a Non-Profit Company Limited by Guarantee, SC282280.
The DLF is dedicated to assisting educators and students adopt new technologies and integrate them into everyday teaching and learning, while inspiring, motivating and making it fun!
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- Sweet genes
- A young star's age can be gleamed from nothing but sound waves
- New satellite data like an ultrasound for baby stars
- Gene discovered that activates stem cells for organ regeneration in Planarians
- Smithsonian scientist and collaborators revise timeline of human origins
- Controversial clues of 2 'Goldilocks planets' that might support life are proven false
- Columbia researchers observe tunable quantum behavior in bilayer graphene
- Doing something is better than doing nothing for most people, study shows
- Discovery expands search for Earth-like planets
- Oklahoma quakes induced by wastewater injection, study finds


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PetAg Bird & Reptile Bene-Bac Plus Powder is a unique concoction of live culture of seven bacteria found in the intestinal tracts of avians and reptiles. This powder concentrate promises 20 million colony forming units per gram of lactic acid producing bacteria and can aid your feathered pets during the various medical stages of their lives.
PetAg Bird & Reptile Bene-Bac Plus Powder
Give your bird better health and higher energy with this nutritional and healthy powder. It's effective when there is a change of place for birds or they're undergoing antibiotic therapy.
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Fine knit Markus Lupfer jumper in a merino wool with an exquisitely detailed cake motif embellished with sequins. This jumper also features a wide round neck with ribbed cuffs and hemline.
Product code: 660421
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Hula Star Neon Green Yellow Dot 1pc Cutout Swimsuit Little Girls 4-6X
A trendy swimsuit for your little girl from Hula Star
A trendy swimsuit for your little girl from Hula Star. This one piece suit has bright yellow polka dots throughout. Tank style with a cutout in the middle, quite stylish!
Fabric and Care: 83% Nylon, 17% spandex. Hand wash cold, only non-chlorine bleach when needed, do not wring or twist, line dry in shade, do not iron.
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Krug 1998 Ultimate Champagne Basket
Our most popular luxury presentation, this prestigious gift stars Krug Vintage Brut Champagne 1998 in a stylish dual-toned leather design.
Accompanying the Krug Vintage Brut Champagne 1998 is an additional bottle of the highly regarded Groth Cabernet Sauvignon and an assortment of sweet and savory delicacies including Auberge Brie, Roasted Garlic & Rosemary Crackers, Ghirardelli and Godiva Chocolates, Lindt Truffles, Cary's English Toffee Fingers, Roasted Almonds, and more.
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NFL Chenille Patch Quilt + Sham, Grey
$39.50 – $179
- Overview
Give our quilt's classic styling an upgrade with a varsity-style chenille patch from your favorite NFL team.
- Made of 100% cotton twill.
- Filled with cotton batting.
- Quilt and shams reverse to a printed stripe pattern on cotton twill.
- Quilted shams have an envelope closure.
- Twin-sized quilt fits both standard twin and twin XL dorm mattresses.
- Quilt, shams and inserts sold separately.
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© 2013 NFL Properties LLC. Team names/logos/indicia are trademarks of the teams indicated. All other NFL-related trademarks are trademarks of the National Football League.
Mix + match our bedding to create your own unique look with our Design Your Own Bed Tool.
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- Twin: 68" x 86"
- Full/Queen: 86" square
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- Quilt filled with 220-gram-weight cotton batting.
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Sweetwater is a populated place located in Franklin County at latitude 40.028 and longitude -77.884.
The elevation is 876 feet. Sweetwater appears on the Burnt Cabins U.S. Geological Survey Map. Franklin County is in the Eastern Time Zone (UTC -5 hours).
Franklin County: Cities & Towns | ZIP Codes | Schools | Features (airports, churches, hospitals, etc.)
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Data Source - USGS GNIS FID: 1189175
BOUNDARY MAPS: Township of Metal | Franklin County
Sweetwater, PA
(< 0.1 mile) Metal, PA (1.4 miles SSE) Cowans Village, PA (2.4 miles SW) Carrick Valley, PA (2.4 miles NNE) Burnt Cabins, PA (3.6 miles N) |
Fannettsburg, PA
(3.9 miles NE) Knobsville, PA (4.3 miles WSW) Richmond Furnace, PA (4.5 miles S) Springtown, PA (4.9 miles NE) Boggstown, PA (4.9 miles NE) |
Freestone, PA
(2.7 miles ESE) Decorum, PA (5.3 miles NNE) Mentzer, PA (6.7 miles N) Keefers, PA (7.5 miles ESE) Maple Grove, PA (7.6 miles E) |
Carlton Heights, PA
(9.9 miles SE) Hiram, PA (10.8 miles W) Cheesetown, PA (10.9 miles ESE) Kensington Heights, PA (11.2 miles ESE) West Hamilton Heights, PA (11.6 miles ESE) |
The Demographic Data for the 5,962 Pennsylvania cities, towns, counties, ZIP Codes and Census Designated Places (CDPs) profiled in this gazetteer is updated annually. Last Update: July 1, 2014.
The ZIP Code maps and the data regarding the number of residential and business addresses in each ZIP Code are updated four times per year. Last Update: November 1, 2014.
The information on the 62,995 Pennsylvania Physical, Cultural and Historic Features is updated six times per year. Last Update: December 2, 2014.
The School Attendance Zone Maps for 2,283 Pennsylvania public schools are updated four times per year. Last Update: October 6, 2014.


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The supercharged engine pulls hard from idle to its 7200-rpm fuel cut (6800 rpm when not in Sport mode), with peak backside shove occurring at the 4500-rpm torque peak. It produces almost 90 percent of its peak torque from 2000 rpm to 7000 rpm, so there's big grunt available at all times and all speeds. Gear ratios are the same as the base car -- that's to say, long: First gear is good for a GPS-verified 40 mph; second will get you to 76 mph, and third tops out at 103 mph. The Evora could be more engaging with shorter gears -- but only if the transmission itself were more fun to play with.
The Camry's V-6 never sounded better -- and Lotus engineers have done a careful job of tuning the supercharger's sound. Restrained in that darling British way, there is never any trace of drone from the exhaust, and the Harrop twin-vortex supercharger makes not a single unpleasant sound -- only a faint, evil overlay to what is otherwise a pleasant, musical six-cylinder bark. The supercharger muffles intake noise slightly versus the base Evora, but the additional whooshing noises -- not to mention the louder exhaust and added horse pressure -- make the tradeoff well worth it.
The bigger question of "worth it" concerns the sticker price. The Evora S starts $12,000 dearer than the base V-6 Lotus, but additional standard equipment means the actual premium is closer to $9000. Still, that's a lot of money to pay for a supercharger. Of course, $76,000 (the cheapest Evora S you can get) is a lot of money, period.
The Evora's main competition is the Porsche Cayman, and while the two are at least in the same ballpark dynamically, they're not even playing the same sport where everyday usability is concerned. The Cayman has a perfect shifter, it's much easier to get in and out of, and it has far more cargo space. Also, it comes with a great stereo and a flawlessly finished interior -- for $14,000 less.
The Lotus, of course, offers exclusivity well beyond the Cayman's. Some would call the Evora's flaws endearing and insist that's what gives this car its unmistakable character. We wouldn't disagree -- especially now that the Evora S is available with the extra power we've long been waiting for.


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Harrison Mann are an SEO Company based in Bradford and Leeds and we work with companies around Yorkshire and the rest of the UK. Our search marketing help's increase your website's visibility in search engine results pages, so people can easily find you when they enter specific keywords into Google or other search engines. The higher the ranking of your website, the more likely your business is to get internet visitors and this is why SEO services are so important for every business.
Harrison Mann has a proven track record and a high success rate with search marketing techniques and we are able to help increase the traffic to your website through our quality SEO services, promising long-term results. Our in-house team are fully trained and experienced and our aim is to help you get results (leads) from search. We can also run pay-per-click marketing and Facebook marketing campaigns for you.
We have worked with a wide range of both small and large companies, as well as organisations and charities around the UK to help boost natural search results. We work with you to determine what keywords will actually improve your business, not which are the easiest to get you on page one for, therefore our clients see better results and an increase in leads and sales.
Our SEO services are transparent and ethical, and with prices starting at £300 for local SEO we are affordable for even the smallest business. We also work with larger businesses looking to rank for more competitive keywords on a national or international scale also. SEO can be a confusing topic for most business owners or marketing managers so we are on hand to help ensure that you receive the results you require and are always on hand to discuss progress.
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When websites started, the simple idea of creating a website was enough for most small businesses to be found. With [...]
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Publications (72)149.62 Total impact
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ABSTRACT: Numerous environmental contaminants have been linked to adverse reproductive health outcomes. However, the complex correlation structure of exposures and multiple testing issues limit the interpretation of existing evidence. Our objective was to identify, from a large set of contaminant exposures, exposure profiles associated with biomarkers of male reproductive function.Occupational and Environmental Medicine 09/2014; · 3.23 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Based on a proposal made at the ICH Workshop in Tallinn, Estonia (2010), the value of the rabbit embryo-fetal development (EFD) versus the rodent EFD was examined by the HESI DART group. A cross-industry data survey provided anonymised EFD and toxicokinetic data from EFD studies on over 400 marketed and unmarketed drugs (over 800 studies) that were entered by experts at RIVM into US EPA's ToxRefDB style database. The nature and severity of findings at the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) are being reviewed to quantitate the frequency with which lesser signs of embryo-fetal effects (e.g., delays in ossification, minor changes in frequency of variants) are driving the LOAELs. Interpretation was based on exposure rather than administered dose. This paper provides an update of this ongoing project as discussed during a workshop of the European Teratology Society in Ispra, Italy (2013). This was the first presentation of the initial data set, allowing debate on future directions, to provide a better understanding of the implications of either delaying a rabbit EFD or waiving the need in particular circumstances.Reproductive Toxicology 08/2014; 47:27-32. · 2.77 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To improve the predictability of the zebrafish embryotoxicity test (ZET) for developmental (neuro) toxicity screening, we used a multiple-endpoints strategy, including morphology, motor activity (MA), histopathology and kinetics. The model compounds used were antiepileptic drugs (AEDs): valproic acid (VPA), carbamazepine (CBZ), ethosuximide (ETH) and levetiracetam (LEV). For VPA, histopathology was the most sensitive parameter, showing effects already at 60μM. For CBZ, morphology and MA were the most sensitive parameters, showing effects at 180μM. For ETH, all endpoints showed similar sensitivity (6.6mM), whereas MA was the most sensitive parameter for LEV (40mM). Inclusion of kinetics did not alter the absolute ranking of the compounds, but the relative potency was changed considerably. Taking all together, this demo-case study showed that inclusion of multiple-endpoints in ZET may increase the sensitivity of the assay, contribute to the elucidation of the mode of toxic action and to a better definition of the applicability domain of ZET.Reproductive Toxicology 08/2014; · 2.77 Impact Factor -
Dataset: Annex A - Substances and Studies
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ABSTRACT: Many brominated flame retardants (BFRs)-including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)-have been shown to persist in the environment, and some have been associated with adverse health effects. The aim of the present study was to quantify serum concentrations of common brominated flame retardants in Inuit men from across Greenland, and in men from Warsaw, Poland and Kharkiv, Ukraine. Serum was sampled between 2002 and 2004 from men 19 to 50years of age. 299 samples were analyzed for BDE-28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154 and 183 and the brominated biphenyl BB-153 using gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. BDE-47 and BDE-153 were detected in more than 95% of samples from all three populations. All other congeners, except BDE-154, were detected in more than 70% of samples from Greenland; lower detection frequencies were observed in Polish and Ukrainian samples. Concentrations of individual congeners were 2.7 to 15 fold higher in Greenlandic relative to Polish and Ukrainian men. Geometric mean concentrations of the sum of the most abundant PBDEs of the Penta-BDE commercial mixture (BDE-47, 99, 100, 153 and 154) were 6.1, 1.7 and 0.87ng/g lipids in the Greenlandic, Polish and Ukrainian men, respectively. Furthermore, significant geographical differences in BFR concentrations were observed within Greenland. Principal component analysis revealed distinct clustering of samples by country of origin. The associations between ΣPBDEs and age were inconsistent, varying from no association in Greenlandic and Polish study populations to a U-shaped relationship in Ukrainians. We report BFR levels for three populations for which sparse biomonitoring data exists.Environment international 09/2013; 61C:8-16. · 6.25 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Some recent EU Regulations have focused on the potential risks posed by the presence of Endocrine Disrupters (ED) into the environment. However there are conflicting opinions on how to assess the risk from exposure to these molecules that can reversibly modulate hormonal activity, Endocrine Active Substances (EAS) rather than causing irreversible damage (ED).The present paper attempts to discuss that perturbation of normal endocrine homeostasis in itself may not be an adverse effect, since the endocrine system is naturally dynamic and responsive to various stimuli as part of its normal function and it is modulated according to the characteristic trend of the dose response curve.EDs should be evaluated using a weight-of-evidence (WoE) approach. If a chemical meets the criteria to be defined as an ED in experimental animals, the relevance of observed effects to the human then needs to be addressed.Hazard-based risk management is therefore not justified since does not meet the criteria for a sound scientifically-based assessment.Toxicology 08/2013; · 3.75 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: From 15-17 June 2011, a dedicated workhop was held on the subject of in vitro models for mammalian spermatogenesis and their applications in toxicological hazard and risk assessment. The workshop was sponsored by the Dutch ASAT initiative (Assuring Safety without Animal Testing), which aims at promoting innovative approaches towards toxicological hazard and risk assessment on the basis of human and in vitro data, and replacement of animal studies. Participants addressed the state of the art regarding human and animal evidence for compound mediated testicular toxicity, reviewed existing alternative assay models, and brainstormed about future approaches, specifically considering tissue engineering. The workshop recognized the specific complexity of testicular function exemplified by dedicated cell types with distinct functionalities, as well as different cell compartments in terms of microenvironment and extracellular matrix components. This complexity hampers quick results in the realm of alternative models. Nevertheless, progress has been achieved in recent years, and innovative approaches in tissue engineering may open new avenues for mimicking testicular function in vitro. Although feasible, significant investment is deemed essential to be able to bring new ideas into practice in the laboratory. For the advancement of in vitro testicular toxicity testing, one of the most sensitive end points in regulatory reproductive toxicity testing, such an investment is highly desirable.Reproductive Toxicology 04/2013; · 2.77 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The application of alternative methods in developmental and reproductive toxicology is challenging in view of the complexity of mechanisms involved. A battery of complementary test systems may provide a better prediction of developmental and reproductive toxicity than single assays. We tested twelve compounds with varying mechanisms of toxic action in an assay battery including 24 CALUX transcriptional activation assays, mouse cardiac embryonic stem cell test, ReProGlo assay, zebrafish embryotoxicity assay, and two CYP17 and two CYP19 activity assays. The battery correctly detected 11/12 compounds tested, with one false negative occurring, which could be explained by the absence of the specific mechanism of action of this compound in the battery. Toxicokinetic modeling revealed that toxic concentrations were in the range expected from in vivo reproductive toxicity data. This study illustrates added value of combining assays that contain complementary biological processes and mechanisms, increasing predictive value of the battery over individual assays.Reproductive Toxicology 03/2013; · 2.77 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Availability of chemical response-specific lists of genes (gene sets) for pharmacological and/or toxic effect prediction for compounds is limited. We hypothesize that more gene sets can be created by next-generation text mining (next-gen TM), and that these can be used with gene set analysis (GSA) methods for chemical treatment identification, for pharmacological mechanism elucidation, and for comparing compound toxicity profiles. METHODS: We created 30,211 chemical response-specific gene sets for human and mouse by next-gen TM, and derived 1,189 (human) and 588 (mouse) gene sets from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). We tested for significant differential expression (SDE) (false discovery rate -corrected p-values < 0.05) of the next-gen TM-derived gene sets and the CTD-derived gene sets in gene expression (GE) data sets of five chemicals (from experimental models). We tested for SDE of gene sets for six fibrates in a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) knock-out GE dataset and compared to results from the Connectivity Map. We tested for SDE of 319 next-gen TM-derived gene sets for environmental toxicants in three GE data sets of triazoles, and tested for SDE of 442 gene sets associated with embryonic structures. We compared the gene sets to triazole effects seen in the Whole Embryo Culture (WEC), and used principal component analysis (PCA) to discriminate triazoles from other chemicals. RESULTS: Next-gen TM-derived gene sets matching the chemical treatment were significantly altered in three GE data sets, and the corresponding CTD-derived gene sets were significantly altered in five GE data sets. Six next-gen TM-derived and four CTD-derived fibrate gene sets were significantly altered in the PPARA knock-out GE dataset. None of the fibrate signatures in cMap scored significant against the PPARA GE signature. 33 environmental toxicant gene sets were significantly altered in the triazole GE data sets. 21 of these toxicants had a similar toxicity pattern as the triazoles. We confirmed embryotoxic effects, and discriminated triazoles from other chemicals. CONCLUSIONS: Gene set analysis with next-gen TM-derived chemical response-specific gene sets is a scalable method for identifying similarities in gene responses to other chemicals, from which one may infer potential mode of action and/or toxic effect.BMC Medical Genomics 01/2013; 6(1):2. · 3.91 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Toxicological hazard assessment currently finds itself at a crossroads where the existing classical test paradigm is challenged by a host of innovative approaches. Animal study protocols are being enhanced for additional parameters and improved for more efficient effect assessment with reduced animal numbers. Whilst existing testing paradigms have generally proven conservative for chemical safety assessment, novel alternative in silico and in vitro approaches and assays are being introduced that begin to elucidate molecular mechanisms of toxicity. Issues such as animal welfare, alternative assay validation, endocrine disruption, and the US-NAS report on toxicity testing in the twenty-first century have provided directionality to these developments. The reductionistic nature of individual alternative assays requires that they be combined in a testing strategy in order to provide a complete picture of the toxicological profile of a compound. One of the challenges of this innovative approach is the combined interpretation of assay results in terms of toxicologically relevant effects. Computational toxicology aims at providing that integration. In order to progress, we need to follow three steps: (1) Learn from past experience in animal studies and human diseases about critical end points and pathways of toxicity. (2) Design alternative assays for essential mechanisms of toxicity. (3) Build an integrative testing strategy tailored to human hazard assessment using a battery of available alternative tests for critical end points that provides optimal in silico and in vitro filters to upgrade toxicological hazard assessment to the mechanistic level.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 01/2013; 947:327-41. · 1.29 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In developmental toxicity testing, in vitro screening assays are highly needed to increase efficiency and to reduce animal use. A promising in vitro assay is the cardiac mouse embryonic stem cell test (ESTc), in which the effect of developmental toxicants on cardiomyocyte differentiation is assessed. Recently, we developed a neural differentiation variant of the stem cell test (ESTn). In both of these models, we have previously performed a series of transcriptomic studies to characterize gene expression changes 1) across time during normal differentiation and 2) in response to a series of developmental toxicants in the ESTn and ESTc. Here, , using the cumulative of these studies, we compared gene expression profiles of ESTn and ESTc over time as well as model-specific changes induced by seven compounds, comprising of six known in vivo developmental toxicants and one negative control. Time-related gene expression profiles showed similarities between the two EST systems. However, specific genes could be identified changing over time differently in each model related to the two different lineages of differentiation. . Interestingly, compound-induced gene-expression changes were generally model-specific, especially for methylmercury and flusilazole, which were predicted better in ESTn and in ESTc, respectively. Valproic acid-induced gene expression changes were most comparable out of the six developmental toxicants between the ESTn and ESTc. Direct transcriptomic comparisons between the ESTn and ESTc indicate that combined transcriptomic analyses support and compliment each other. . Therefore, a combined approach incorporating ESTc and ESTn may improve developmental toxicant detection over individual assays.Toxicological Sciences 12/2012; · 4.48 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Developmental toxicity testing according to the globally standardized OECD 414 protocol is an important basis for decisions on classification and labeling of developmental toxicants in the European Union (EU). This test requires relatively large animal numbers, given that parental and offspring generations are involved. In vitro assay designs and systems biology paradigms are being developed to reduce animal use and to improve prediction of human hazard. Such approaches could benefit from the long-term experience with animal protocols and more specifically from information on the relevance of effects observed in these tests for developmental toxicity. Therefore, we have analyzed relative parameter sensitivity in 22 publicly available developmental toxicity studies, representing about one third of all classified developmental toxicants under European legislation. Maternal and fetal weight effects and fetal survival were most often affected parameters at the developmental Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (dLOAEL), followed by skeletal malformations. Specific end points such as cleft palate were observed in fewer studies at dLOAEL, but if observed may have been crucial in classification and labeling decisions. These results are similar to earlier studies using different selections of chemicals, indicating that in general classified developmental toxicants have a similar pattern of effects at the dLOAEL as chemicals in general. These findings are discussed within the perspective of the development of innovative alternative approaches to developmental hazard assessment.Reproductive Toxicology 05/2012; 34(2):284-90. · 2.77 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Alternative assays for developmental toxicity testing are needed to reduce animal use in regulatory toxicology. The in vitro murine neural embryonic stem cell test (ESTn) was designed as an alternative for neurodevelopmental toxicity testing. The integration of toxicogenomic-based approaches may further increase predictivity as well as provide insight into underlying mechanisms of developmental toxicity. In the present study, we investigated concentration-dependent effects of six mechanistically diverse compounds, acetaldehyde (ACE), carbamazepine (CBZ), flusilazole (FLU), monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), penicillin G (PENG) and phenytoin (PHE), on the transcriptome and neural differentiation in the ESTn. All compounds with the exception of PENG altered ESTn morphology (cytotoxicity and neural differentiation) in a concentration-dependent manner. Compound induced gene expression changes and corresponding enriched gene ontology biological processes (GO-BP) were identified after 24h exposure at equipotent differentiation-inhibiting concentrations of the compounds. Both compound-specific and common gene expression changes were observed between subsets of tested compounds, in terms of significance, magnitude of regulation and functionality. For example, ACE, CBZ and FLU induced robust changes in number of significantly altered genes (≥ 687 genes) as well as a variety of GO-BP, as compared to MEHP, PHE and PENG (≤ 55 genes with no significant changes in GO-BP observed). Genes associated with developmentally related processes (embryonic morphogenesis, neuron differentiation, and Wnt signaling) showed diverse regulation after exposure to ACE, CBZ and FLU. In addition, gene expression and GO-BP enrichment showed concentration dependence, allowing discrimination of non-toxic versus toxic concentrations on the basis of transcriptomics. This information may be used to define adaptive versus toxic responses at the transcriptome level.Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 05/2012; 262(3):330-40. · 3.98 Impact Factor -
Article: Strategies for the optimisation of in vivo experiments in accordance with the 3Rs philosophy.
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: There are a large number of chemicals in current use for which adequate toxicity data are not available. Whilst there are clear ethical and legal obligations to obtain data from sources other than in vivo experiments wherever possible, in certain cases in vivo assays may be deemed necessary. In such circumstances, it is essential to ensure that the maximum amount of high quality data is obtained from the minimum number of animals, using the most humane procedures, in accordance with the philosophy of reduction, refinement and replacement (3Rs). The aim of this report is to provide a strategy for anyone involved in animal experimentation, for either toxicological or pharmacological purposes, as to how in vivo experiments may be optimised. The impact of generic and endpoint specific sources of variability has been highlighted in a proof-of-principle analysis considering the variation in protocols for assays for four human health endpoints (skin sensitisation, reproductive/developmental toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity). Other factors such as operator training, experimental/statistical design, use of lower species and use of combined assays are also discussed. Recommendations for optimisation of in vivo assays, in terms of the 3Rs philosophy, applied to performing tests, harvesting data and appropriate reporting are summarised as a checklist of issues to be addressed prior to undertaking such assays.Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 03/2012; 63(1):140-54. · 2.13 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Reproductive toxicity testing is characterized by high animal use. For registration of pharmaceutical compounds, developmental toxicity studies are usually conducted in both rat and rabbits. Efforts have been underway for a long time to design alternatives to animal use. Implementation has lagged, partly because of uncertainties about the applicability domain of the alternatives. The reproductive cycle is complex and not all mechanisms of development can be mimicked in vitro. Therefore, efforts are underway to characterize the available alternative tests with regard to the mechanism of action they include. One alternative test is the mouse embryonic stem cell test (EST), which has been studied since the late 1990s. It is a genuine 3R "alternative" assay as it is essentially animal-free. A meeting was held to review the state-of-the-art of various in vitro models for prediction of developmental toxicity. Although the predictivity of individual assays is improving, a battery of several assays is likely to have even higher predictivity, which is necessary for regulatory acceptance. The workshop concluded that an important first step is a thorough survey of the existing rat and rabbit studies, to fully characterize the frequency of responses and the types of effects seen. At the same time, it is important to continue the optimization of in vitro assays. As more experience accumulates, the optimal conditions, assay structure, and applicability of the alternative assays are expected to emerge.Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 03/2012; 63(1):115-23. · 2.13 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The possible impact on classification and labelling decisions of effects observed in second generation parental (P1) and offspring (F2) parameters in multi-generation studies was investigated. This was done for 50 substances classified as reproductive toxicants in Europe, for which a multi-generation study was available. The P1 and F2 effects were compared to parental (P0) and first generation offspring (F1) effects with regard to type of effect as well as incidence, magnitude and severity (IMS), at any dose level. For every study with unique P1/F2 effects, or differences in IMS, the influence of the P1/F2 findings on the classification decision was investigated. Unique P1/F2 generation findings did not play a crucial role in the classification decision of any of the 50 classified substances, except for fenarimol. This substance however provided abundant alerts on the basis of its endocrine activity and developmental neurotoxicity and would therefore also be expected to be identified as a developmental neurotoxicant in an Extended One Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study (EOGRTS). These findings, in addition to the increased number of parameters analysed, increased statistical power and reduced animal use, provide strong further support for replacement of the classical two-generation reproductive toxicity study by the EOGRTS in regulatory reproductive toxicity assessment.Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 08/2011; 61(2):251-60. · 2.13 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This paper surveys the scientific basis for the current threshold approach for reproductive hazard and risk assessment. In some regulatory areas it was recently suggested to consider reproductive toxicants under the stringent linear extrapolation risk assessment paradigm that was developed for genotoxic carcinogens. First, the current risk assessment paradigm for genotoxic carcinogens is addressed, followed by an overview of reproductive toxicology and its threshold dose approach for hazard and risk assessment, the testing procedures for assessing the reproductive toxicity of chemicals, and the derivation of conclusions on their risk assessment and Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP). Relevant details of testing methodologies are discussed, such as exposure time windows, parameters determined, and the coverage of the entire reproductive cycle. In addition, the dose-response relationship is considered, illustrated with several examples. It is concluded that the current risk assessment methodology for genotoxic carcinogens is a debatable worst-case scenario and that for risk assessment of reproductive toxicants the threshold dose approach remains valid.Critical Reviews in Toxicology 07/2011; 41(6):545-54. · 6.25 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Current globally harmonized Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) animal test guidelines for developmental toxicity require high numbers of experimental animals. To reduce animal use in this field, alternative developmental toxicity assays are highly desirable. We previously developed a dynamic in vitro model for screening effects of possible neurodevelopmental toxicants, using neural cell differentiation of pluripotent murine embryonic stem cells. To further mechanistically characterize the mouse neural embryonic stem cell test (ESTn) and to improve detection of possible neurodevelopmental toxicants, gene expression patterns were studied describing neural cell differentiation over time, as well as the impact on gene expression of exposure to the well-known neurotoxicant methylmercury (MeHg). A transcriptomics study was performed to examine whole-genome expression changes during the first 7 days of the cell differentiation protocol. Specific gene clusters were identified and enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) terms and gene sets derived from literature was performed using DAVID and T-profiler. Over time, a decrease of blastocyst and trophectoderm GO terms was observed, which included well-characterized pluripotency genes. Furthermore, an increase in the range of neural development-related GO terms, such as neuron differentiation and the wnt pathway, was observed. Analysis of gene expression using principle component analysis showed a time-dependent track in untreated cells, describing the process of neural differentiation. Furthermore, MeHg was shown to induce deviation from the predefined differentiation track. The compound inhibited general development GO terms and induced neural GO terms over time. This system appears promising for studying compound effects on neural differentiation in a mechanistic approach.Toxicological Sciences 05/2011; 122(2):437-47. · 4.48 Impact Factor -
Article: Towards a pragmatic alternative testing strategy for the detection of reproductive toxicants.
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In spite of extensive research in the area over many decades, there is still a shortage of accepted alternative testing methods in reproductive toxicology. Of the variety of alternative methods developed for reproductive toxicity testing not a single one has reached regulatory acceptance. Although various standardized tests have been described, their predictability and applicability domains have so far not satisfactorily been defined. In the near future this situation will only change if new approaches are explored. Current regulatory needs in combination with technological innovations set the scene for rapid progress in this area.Reproductive Toxicology 05/2011; 31(4):558–61. · 2.77 Impact Factor - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The multi-generation reproductive toxicity study (OECD TG 416 and USEPA 870.3800) has been extensively used internationally to assess the adverse effects of substances on reproduction. Recently the necessity of producing a second generation to assess the potential for human health risks has been questioned. The present standardized retrospective analysis of the impact of the second generation on overall study outcome combines earlier analyses and includes 498 rat multi-generation studies representing 438 different tested substances. Detailed assessment of study reports revealed no critical differences in sensitivities between the generations on the basis of a consideration of all endpoints evaluated. This analysis indicates that the second generation mating and offspring will very rarely provide critical information. These findings are consistent with the conclusions of previous retrospective analyses conducted by RIVM, USEPA and PMRA and support adoption of the proposed OECD extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study protocol in regulatory risk assessment testing strategies.Reproductive Toxicology 12/2010; 31(4):392-401. · 2.77 Impact Factor
Publication Stats
454 | Citations | |
149.62 | Total Impact Points | |
Top Journals
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)
- • Centre for Health Protection (GZB)
- • Laboratory for Health Protection Research
Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
Pfizer Inc.
New York City, New York, United States
Medicines Evaluation Board, Netherlands
Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
Universiteit Utrecht
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS)
Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
Maastricht University
- Department of Toxicogenomics
Maestricht, Limburg, Netherlands -
BioDetection Systems
Amsterdamo, North Holland, Netherlands
Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen
Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands


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All Day Cookers
(4 Recipes) Created by BETHANN320
Recipes in this Collection
Very Good 4.5/5
(133 ratings)
Submitted by MOM2EMENDREW Carbs: 7.1g | Fat: 3.5g | Fiber: 0.4g | Protein: 51.6g | Calories: 313.9
Very Good 4.4/5
(5 ratings)
Low in fat Submitted by W8WHITTILER Carbs: 2.4g | Fat: 1.2g | Fiber: 0.2g | Protein: 14.4g | Calories: 339.8
(no ratings)
This recipe is better (and better-for-you) than takeout! Submitted by BETHANN320 Carbs: 44g | Fat: 3.6g | Fiber: 4.9g | Protein: 20g | Calories: 281.8
Good 3.0/5
(1 rating)
This is super easy and delish! Put it in a larger crockpot (5-6 quart size) before you leave for work and it is ready when you come home. Plus you will have leftover roast to use another night in a stir fry. Try it! Submitted by TERRYN3 Carbs: 20.8g | Fat: 6.8g | Fiber: 2.9g | Protein: 29.8g | Calories: 269
Send this recipe collection to a friend - http://recipes.sparkpeople.com/cookbooks.asp?cookbook=736977


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This is a syndicated post from LifeSiteNews.com Latest Headlines. [Read the original article...]
by Ben Johnson DEHRADUN, INDIA, March 19, 2014 (LifeSiteNews.com) – Police have arrested a 25-year-old security guard on charges that he raped a 16-year-old girl, then forced her to have an abortion. Officers have filed a legal complaint against a man they have identified only as "Pintu," a bank guard… (79)


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Results 1 to 5 of 22
Thread: The name rule. :/
Hybrid View
April 12th, 2013 07:01 PM #1Member
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- Apr 2013
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- 82
The name rule. :/
Hi all.
I've not been on here long - but have already been told naming my daughter, the middlename of my first daughter, is NOT a good idea. What are your views on this? Is this an ABSOLUTE, No-No? =/
&.. what are your rules regarding giving your child the same middle names? I like different/unique names, but as you can see on my signature, there all fairly popular names.. and alot have the middle name -Leigh, or -Rose, or -Mae .. as I love hyphened names aswell. So what's the deal? As long as your children don't have the same first names, like George I, George II, Andrew I, Andrew II etc, does it matter, honestly? :/
Cheers♡ Matthew ♡
♡ Mackenzie Kristopher ♡ Phoebe Teagan ♡
♡ Aoife Rose ♡ Maisie Brooke ♡ Teagan Leigh ♡ Isla Grace ♡ Jamie Leigh ♡
♡ Brodie Callum ♡ Shay Matthew ♡ Leo Benjamin ♡ Macaulay Ryan ♡ Kian Jay ♡
April 12th, 2013 07:15 PM #3
I would try to avoid that because there are so many beautiful names in the world. However, if it is the ONLY name you love, then its not the worst thing in the world. I just find it a bit unoriginal.
April 12th, 2013 07:29 PM #5
I just know that if I had my sister's middle name as my first I'd feel kinda jipped--like my mother was trying to make me in to my sister.
Also, my mother called us by our first and middle names often (especially when we were in trouble)--so if my sister was in trouble and being yelled at "Sadie Robin!" and my name was Robin, I'd feel like my mom was yelling for me when I didn't do anything....know what I mean? It just presents problems.
I think it's okay to use the same middle name, especially if it's important to you. If my sister and I both had the same middle name, I think it would be an interesting connection--not particularly weird. Just not super original, as has been stated.Olivia/Livia/Livy/Liv : Thessaly/Darah/Bethel : Noelle/Eve
Benedict/Eli: Jude/Zane: Luke/Darius : Levi/Phineas/Calvin
April 12th, 2013 09:30 PM #7Senior Member
- Join Date
- Jan 2013
- Location
- Los Angeles
- Posts
- 361
This all the way.
I would want my kids to feel like they had their own individual name, picked out JUST for them. That we put a lot of thought and love into thinking it up.
This ties in with me not gravitating towards overly trendy or popular names. I'm just a stickler for individual style I guess.... Really is my biggest naming rule.Mama to ~Rowan Josephine 1/12~
and ~Teagan Dahlia~ 5/13~
April 12th, 2013 07:30 PM #9Member
- Join Date
- Apr 2013
- Posts
- 82
♡ Matthew ♡
♡ Mackenzie Kristopher ♡ Phoebe Teagan ♡
♡ Aoife Rose ♡ Maisie Brooke ♡ Teagan Leigh ♡ Isla Grace ♡ Jamie Leigh ♡
♡ Brodie Callum ♡ Shay Matthew ♡ Leo Benjamin ♡ Macaulay Ryan ♡ Kian Jay ♡


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U of U Sports
Utes focus on staying motivated for Colorado
Utah coach Kyle Whittingham and the players present at Monday's press conference were adamant they would give all they have against Colorado on Saturday even if a bowl game is no longer a possibility for them.
Nevertheless, that might be a hard ideal to live up to as the Utes admitted Saturday's loss at Washington State was a heart-breaker. The Utes thought they had a comeback within their grasp and losing in the way they did was difficult, they said.
Utah defensive end Trevor Reilly said he didn't even turn his phone on until Monday afternoon because he didn't want to discuss the loss.
<Quarterback Adam Schulz is taking the loss personally too, knowing the early interceptions put his team in a bind.
Here is more from Schulz in this video on the Colorado game and Reilly's impact on him as a senior.
- Lya Wodraska


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Third Millennium Bible (TMB) | New International Version (NIV) |
20 And now, behold, I know well that thou shalt surely be king, and that the kingdom of Israel shall be established in thine hand. | 20 I know that you will surely be king and that the kingdom of Israel will be established in your hands. |
Third Millennium Bible (TMB), New Authorized Version, Copyright 1998 by Deuel Enterprises, Inc., Gary, SD 57237. All rights reserved. (Third Millennium Bible Online) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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Wednesday, August 06 14:48:14
Sterling continues to make strong gains against the euro and rose some 5pc this year so far, which is good news for Irish exporters.
The British pound has appreciated against the Euro by 8pc over the last 12 months. As the Irish recovery has been export led, this is good news as this makes exports to one of our main trading partners look more attractive to them. Export growth is a cornerstone of the recovery strategy for the Irish economy and the pound's strength makes Irish goods and services more competitive.
The reasons behind a stronger pound are simple, according to Garret Grogan, Head of Long Term Interest Rate Trading, Bank of Ireland Global Markets.
"The UK economy has recovered faster than its peers and it is looking like they will be the first major central bank to raise official interest rates with some market participants looking for a move as early as this year. UK unemployment hit a high of 8.4pc at the end of 2011, and now stands at 6.5pc which is a significant recovery of the labour market. The IMF is expecting UK growth of 3pc this year versus 1.2pc in the Euro area, a key differentiator."
"Since the inception of the euro in 1999 the pound versus the euro has been as strong as 0.58p per euro in 2000 and as weak as 0.98p per Euro in 2009, so even now at 0.79p the pound is significantly weaker than the average which is below 0.74p.Ireland's exports outside the Eurozone account for almost 60pc of GDP so a weakening euro is of significant benefit. The US Dollar has also recently started showing some signs of life as the macroeconomic picture in the US continues to improve. The US is our biggest export market accounting for 21pc so a stronger US$ would be a major boost for that sector," said Mr Grogan.
The US economy, similar to the UK is also improving with the unemployment rate having fallen to 6.2pc from a high of 10pc in October 2009. Generally the IMF is expecting growth in the US to be almost double that of Europe. The relative sluggishness of the Euro area to the UK and US may well see a further weakening of the Euro versus the pound and the dollar, he predicted.
For more visit: www.businessworld.ie


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Breaking Local News
Man sentenced for beating death
A Kanawha County judge ruled on Friday that 28-year old Ernest Lyle Young Jr. will spend up to 20 years in prison for the beating death of 81-year old Wilfred Naylor of Kellys Creek. Prosecutors said Young bludgeoned Naylor to death with a police baton. Young alleged that Naylor was making sexual advances toward him the night of the killing, and a psychologist hired by the defense said there was a history of sexual abuse there. A grand jury indicted Young last year on charges of first-degree murder, and he pleaded guilty to second-degree murder in July.
Hurricane police investigate gun theft
Police in Hurricane are looking for two men accused of stealing a rifle from Dunlaps gun store on Rt. 19. Detectives say that around 4:30pm on Friday, two men walked into the gun store and picked up an AR-15 assault rifle and then ran from the store without paying. Witnesses told police they think the men drove off in a grey Dodge sedan. Anyone with information should call the Hurricane Police Department.
Spinach Recall
A recall you should know about today - Kroger stores are recalling listeria-tainted spinach sold in 15 states. The recalled product is Kroger Fresh Selections Tender Spinach 10-ounce packages with the UPC code 0001111091649 and a best-by date of Sept. 16. The product was sold in Kroger stores in Ohio, Kentucky, West Virginia, among others. If you're not sure if you have the recalled product? The CDC says, "When in doubt, toss it out."
Yogurt and High Blood Pressure
Worried about high blood pressure? Grab some yogurt. A new study shows people who eat low-fat yogurt over a long period of time are less likely to develop high blood pressure. MOre than two thousand people werre tracked over 15 years and those who ate at least one 6 ounce cup of low fat yogurt every three days were 31 percent less likely to develop high blood pressure.
The poverty rate in West Virginia continues to climb as a new report out Thursday shows slightly more West Virginians fell below the poverty line last year than the year before. The U.S. Census Bureau report shows the state's poverty rate was 18.6 percent in 2011, up from 18.1 percent the year before. West Virginia ranks as the second-poorest state in the nation, according to an assessment of the census data by 24 /7 Wall Street. The state's median household income in 2011 was $38,482 -- lower than every state except Mississippi's $36,919.
PEIA Premiums
No premium increase this year for State employees and others with health coverage through the Public Employees Insurance Agency. but that doesn't mean no one will feel a pinch- co-pays, deductibles and out-of-pocket expenses could go up for some state and public school workers under the proposed PEIA 2013-14 financial plan unveiled Thursday. PEIA will hold public hearings about possible plan changes in six West Virginia counties in November. The agency's Finance Board will vote on next year's plan on Dec. 6, and the changes will take effect July 1.
Animals with distemper are showing up across the state - the most recent is in Beckley.The Division of Natural Resources says to avoid contact with raccoons and gray foxes in the Raleigh County area that show signs of infection. The signs include unusual friendliness, unprovoked aggression, disorientation, or paralysis. Back in May, the Cabell Wayne Animal Control Shelter in Huntington had to euthanize several dogs due to a distemper outbreak
Top Honors
A national nod for a local university. 'US News and World Report' has given high honors to the University of Charleston. The school is number 14 out of 119 of the top regional colleges in the south. "Regional College" are schools that focus on undergraduate degrees, but grant fewer than half their degrees in liberal arts. The University of Charleston is home to more than 1,400 students from more than 30 countries and 31 states.
Derecho Help
Help is coming to four West Virginia counties affected by the summer's derecho. The Federal Emergency Management Agency has approved individual assistance after originally denying the request. Gov. Earl Ray Tomblin appealed, asking for individual assistance for Kanawha, Nicholas, Raleigh and Fayette counties. FEMA announced Wednesday it had approved individual assistance for those counties. Forty two percent of the homes destroyed by the derecho in West Virginia were in those four counties.
Meth Bust
A couple was arrested in the Hamden area on meth related charges. Word from the Vinton County Sheriff's Office - 53 year old Robert Wellman and 38 year old Carmen Cartoe were charged with possession and manufacturing of methamphetamine. Both were arrested Tuesday at a home along Zion Road. Police found Meth and drug-making paraphernalia inside the home. Items also were removed from a vehicle in the driveway that appear to have been used in the manufacturing of methamphetamine.