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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Fully Integrating the Design Process
SciTech Connect
The basic approach to designing nuclear facilities in the United States does not currently reflect the routine consideration of proliferation resistance and international safeguards. The fully integrated design process is an approach for bringing consideration of international safeguards and proliferation resistance, together with state safeguards and security, fully into the design process from the very beginning, while integrating them sensibly and synergistically with the other project functions. In view of the recently established GNEP principles agreed to by the United States and at least eighteen other countries, this paper explores such an integrated approach, and its potential to help fulfill the new internationally driven design requirements with improved efficiencies and reduced costs.
T.A. Bjornard; R.S. Bean
Fully integrated safeguards and security for reprocessing plant monitoring.
Nuclear fuel reprocessing plants contain a wealth of plant monitoring data including material measurements, process monitoring, administrative procedures, and physical protection elements. Future facilities are moving in the direction of highly-integrated plant monitoring systems that make efficient use of the plant data to improve monitoring and reduce costs. The Separations and Safeguards Performance Model (SSPM) is an analysis tool that is used for modeling advanced monitoring systems and to determine system response under diversion scenarios. This report both describes the architecture for such a future monitoring system and present results under various diversion scenarios. Improvements made in the past year include the development of statistical tests for detecting material loss, the integration of material balance alarms to improve physical protection, and the integration of administrative procedures. The SSPM has been used to demonstrate how advanced instrumentation (as developed in the Material Protection, Accounting, and Control Technologies campaign) can benefit the overall safeguards system as well as how all instrumentation is tied into the physical protection system. This concept has the potential to greatly improve the probability of detection for both abrupt and protracted diversion of nuclear material.
Duran, Felicia Angelica; Ward, Rebecca; Cipiti, Benjamin B.; Middleton, Bobby D.
A fully-integrated 5 Gbit/s CMOS clock and data recovery circuit
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
A fully-integrated 5�Gb/s PLL-based clock and data recovery circuit based on a linear half-rate phase detector (PD) architecture is presented. Data retiming performed by the linear PD provides practically no systematic offset for the operating frequency ... Keywords: CMOS analog integrated circuits, Clock data recovery, Half-rate CDR, Linear PD, PLL
Tan Kok-Siang; Mohd-Shahiman Sulaiman; Mamun Reaz; Chuah Hean-Teik; Manoj Sachdev
Improved performance alternator with fully integrated Switched-Mode Rectifier
E-Print Network (OSTI)
The use of Power Electronic circuits has helped to advance the technology of automotive alternators. The use of a Switched-Mode Rectifier (SMR) allows the alternator to run at a load-matched condition, optimizing power and ...
Mesa, Armando
A fully automated data reduction pipeline for the FRODOSpec integral field spectrograph
A fully autonomous data reduction pipeline has been developed for FRODOSpec, an optical fibre-fed integral field spectrograph currently in use at the Liverpool Telescope. This paper details the process required for the reduction of data taken using an integral field spectrograph and presents an overview of the computational methods implemented to create the pipeline. Analysis of errors and possible future enhancements are also discussed.
Barnsley, R M; Steele, I A
Can Fully Accounting for Clouds in Data Assimilation Improve Short-Term Forecasts by Global Models?
This paper explores the degree to which short-term forecasts with global models might be improved if clouds were fully included in a data assimilation system, so that observations of clouds affected all parts of the model state and cloud ...
Robert Pincus; Robert J. Patrick Hofmann; Jeffrey L. Anderson; Kevin Raeder; Nancy Collins; Jeffrey S. Whitaker
Identifying discriminating variables between teachers who fully integrate computers and teachers with limited integration
Given the prevalence of computers in education today, it is critical to understand teachers' perspectives regarding computer integration in their classrooms. The current study surveyed a random sample of a heterogeneous group of 185 elementary and 204 ... Keywords: Computer integration, Computer technology, Computers, Computers in classrooms, Elementary and secondary teachers, Teacher Characteristics, Teachers
Julie Mueller; Eileen Wood; Teena Willoughby; Craig Ross; Jacqueline Specht
A fully integrated switched-capacitor DC-DC converter with dual output for low power application
This paper presents a fully integrated on-chip switched-capacitor (SC) DC-DC converter that supports two regulated power supply voltages of 2.2V and 3.2V from 5V input supply and delivers the maximum load currents up to 8mA at both of the outputs. The ... Keywords: dc-dc converter, dual output, switched-capacitor
Heungjun Jeon; Yong-Bin Kim
Development of fully automated and integrated (''Instamatic'') welding systems for marine applications
A two-year research program was conducted at M.I.T. to develop fully automated and integrated welding systems. These systems package many actions involved in welding so that certain prescribed welding jobs can be performed by a person with no welding skill. They have been nicknamed ''instamatic'' welding systems, since they are similar to the easy-to-operate cameras. Following a general discussion on the development of the concept of the ''instamatic'' welding system, discussions are given on two types of systems which have been built and tested: underwater stud welding systems, and those using arc welding processes.
Masubuchi, K.; Gustin, H.L.; Schloerb, D.W.
Fully Integrated Applications of Thin Films on Low Temperature Cofired Ceramic (LTCC)
Thin film multilayers have previously been introduced on multilayer low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC), as well as initial thin film capacitors on LTCC. The ruggedness of a multipurpose Ti-Cu-Pt-Au stack for connectivity and RF conductivity has continued to benefit fabrication and reliability in state of-the-art modules, while the capacitors have followed the traditional Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) style. The full integration of thin film passives with thin film connectivity traces is presented. Certain passives, such as capacitors, require specifically tailored and separately patterned thin film (multi-)layers, including a dielectric. Different capacitance values are achieved by variation of both the insulator layer thickness and the active area of the capacitor. Other passives, such as filters, require only the conductor - a single thin film multilayer. This can be patterned from the same connectivity thin film material (Ti-Cu-Pt-Au), or a specially tailored thin film material (e.g. Ti-Cu-Au) can be deposited. Both versions are described, including process and integration details. Examples are discussed, ranging from patterning for maximum tolerances, to space and performance-optimized designs. Cross-sectional issues associated with integration are also highlighted in the discussion.
Ambrose Wolf; Ken Peterson; Matt O'Keefe; Wayne Huebner; Bill Kuhn
A fully second order implicit/explicit time integration technique for hydrodynamics plus nonlinear heat conduction problems
We present a fully second order implicit/explicit time integration technique for solving hydrodynamics coupled with nonlinear heat conduction problems. The idea is to hybridize an implicit and an explicit discretization in such a way to achieve second order time convergent calculations. In this scope, the hydrodynamics equations are discretized explicitly making use of the capability of well-understood explicit schemes. On the other hand, the nonlinear heat conduction is solved implicitly. Such methods are often referred to as IMEX methods. The Jacobian-Free Newton Krylov (JFNK) method (e.g. ) is applied to the problem in such a way as to render a nonlinearly iterated IMEX method. We solve three test problems in order to validate the numerical order of the scheme. For each test, we established second order time convergence. We support these numerical results with a modified equation analysis (MEA). The set of equations studied here constitute a base model for radiation hydrodynamics.
Kadioglu, Samet Y. [Multiphysics Methods Group, Reactor Physics Analysis and Design, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, MS 3840, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 (United States)], E-mail: email@example.com; Knoll, Dana A. [Multiphysics Methods Group, Reactor Physics Analysis and Design, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, MS 3840, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 (United States)], E-mail: email@example.com
Development of a fully-integrated PV system for residential applications: Phase I annual technical report: February 27, 1998 -- August 31, 1999
This report describes Utility Power Group's (UPG's) technical progress for Phase 1 of a two-phase effort to focus on the design, assembly, and testing of a fully-integrated residential PV power system, including storage. In the PV Array Task, UPG significantly improved the conventional means and methods required to structurally interface PV modules to the roofs of single-family residential houses and to electrically interconnect these PV modules to a power conversion unit. UPG focused on the design and test of a PV array based on the highly efficient use of materials and labor. Design criteria included cost, structural integrity, electrical safety, reliability, conformance with applicable standards and building and seismic codes, and adaptability to a wide range of roof materials for both existing and retrofit roof applications. In the Power Unit Task, UPG designed and tested a high-efficiency, low-cost, high-reliability prototype power conversion unit that included all materials, components, equipment, and software required to perform all DC-AC/AC-DC power collection, conversion, and control functions between the output of the PV array and the interconnection to the electrical grid service of single-family residences. In the Energy Storage Unit Task, UPG designed and tested a low-cost, modular, self-contained, low-maintenance, all-weather, battery-based Energy Storage Unit designed to interface with the Power Unit to provide back-up electricity to supply critical household loads in the event of utility-grid failure. The Energy Storage Unit includes batteries and all structural, mechanical, and electrical equipment required to provide a source of stored DC energy for input of the Power Unit. UPG designed the storage unit as a ''plug and play'' option, where multiple units can be easily paralleled for additional energy storage capacity.
West, R.; Mackamul, K.; Duran, G.
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
Integrated Calibration Sphere and Calibration Step Fixture for Improved
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Integrated Calibration Sphere and Calibration Step Fixture for Integrated Calibration Sphere and Calibration Step Fixture for Improved Coordinate Measurement Machine Calibration Integrated Calibration Sphere and Calibration Step Fixture for Improved Coordinate Measurement Machine Calibration A method and apparatus for mounting a calibration sphere to a calibration fixture for Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM) calibration and qualification is described, decreasing the time required for such qualification, thus allowing the CMM to be used more productively. Available for thumbnail of Feynman Center (505) 665-9090 Email Integrated Calibration Sphere and Calibration Step Fixture for Improved Coordinate Measurement Machine Calibration A method and apparatus for mounting a calibration sphere to a calibration fixture for Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM) calibration and
A fully integrated 23.2dBm P1dB CMOS power amplifier for the IEEE 802.11a with 29% PAE
A two-stage fully integrated power amplifier (PA) for the 802.11a standard is presented. The PA has been fabricated using UMC 0.18@mm CMOS technology. Measurement results show a power gain of 21.1dB, a P"1"d"B of 23.2dBm and a P"S"A"T of 26.8dBm. The ... Keywords: CMOS, IEEE 802.11a, Power amplifier, Power inductor, WLAN
H�ctor Solar; Roc Berenguer; Joaqu�n de No; I�aki Gurutzeaga; Unai Alvarado; Jon Legarda
In 2007, the Department of Energy (DOE) identified safety culture as one of their top Integrated Safety Management System (ISMS) related priorities. A team was formed to address this issue. The team identified a consensus set of safety culture principles, along with implementation practices that could be used by DOE, NNSA, and their contractors. Documented improvement tools were identified and communicated to contractors participating in a year long pilot project. After a year, lessons learned will be collected and a path forward determined. The goal of this effort was to achieve improved safety and mission performance through ISMS continuous improvement. The focus of ISMS improvement was safety culture improvement building on operating experience from similar industries such as the domestic and international commercial nuclear and chemical industry.
Development of A Fully Integrated PV System for Residential Applications: PVMaT5a Final Report, 18 December 2001
This report describes both the Utility Power Group (UPG), a wholly owned subsidiary of Kyocera Solar, Inc., and Xantrex Technology Inc., have designed, assembled, and tested a new photovoltaic (PV) power system for residential rooftops to meet the goal of a readily manufacturable product that will increase US domestic PV power system production and installed capacity, by reducing the total installed cost and increasing the reliability of residential rooftop mounted PV power systems. A new factory pre-fabricated PV array system was developed, and 80 have been installed on the residential rooftops using standard metal parts. The direct material and labor cost of the array installation has been reduced to $3.79 per square foot for a 2400W installation. A modular, maintenance free, battery-based Power Unit and Energy Storage Unit (power conditioning and control) have also been developed. The design, fabrication, and testing have been completed for two prototypes of this system. These products have been evaluated for their structural integrity, electrical performance, reliability, cost, and manufacturability. The direct material and labor cost of the Power Unit has been reduced to $0.34 per watt. The 13 kW-hr Energy Storage Unit (ESU) has been UL listed.
Oatman, J.; West, R.
Integrating surface systems with downhole data improves underbalanced drilling
An integrated approach of using special downhole sensors and transmission capabilities in conjunction with a surface drilling optimization system has improved the management and understanding of the underbalanced drilling environment within a closed loop system. Improving the underbalanced drilling operation and obtaining quality data in real time can help eliminate damage to the formation and increase ultimate production. Recent advances in drilling technology have made it possible to drill horizontal wells underbalanced more safely and effectively. This technology has greatly reduced the potential for skin damage to the bore hole. Experience from western Canadian underbalanced horizontal drilling clearly demonstrates that a well bore`s initial productive potential is very accurately predicted from its productive behavior during drilling operations.
Comeau, L. [Sperry-Sun Drilling Services, Calgary, Alberta (Canada)
Improved current saturation and shifted switching threshold voltage in In2O3 nanowire based, fully transparent NMOS inverters via femtosecond laser annealing
Transistors based on various types of non-silicon nanowires have shown great potential for a variety of applications, especially for those require transparency and low-temperature substrates. However, critical requirements for circuit functionality such as saturated source-drain current, and matched threshold voltages of individual nanowire transistors in a way that is compatible with low temperature substrates, have not been achieved. Here we show that femtosecond laser pulses can anneal individual transistors based on In2O3 nanowires, improve the saturation of the source-drain current, and permanently shift the threshold voltage to the positive direction. We applied this technique and successfully shifted the switching threshold voltages of NMOS based inverters and improved their noise margin, in both depletion and enhancement modes. Our demonstration provides a method to trim the parameters of individual nanowire transistors, and suggests potential for large-scale integration of nanowire-based circuit bloc...
Lee, Chunghun; Srisungsitthisunti, Pornsak; Kim, Seongmin; Zhou, Chongwu; Janes, David B; Xu, Xianfan; Roy, Kaushik; Ju, Sanghyun; Qi, Minghao
An Experiment to Improve Cost Estimation and Project Tracking for Software and Systems Integration Projects
An Experiment to Improve Cost Estimation and Project Tracking for Software and Systems Integration to improve cost estimation and project tracking. 1. Introduction In order to remain competitive, ICL (as well for integration projects, to reduce time to market and to reduce costs without detriment to the quality
Henderson, Peter
An improved ranking method for fuzzy numbers with integral values
Ranking fuzzy numbers is a very important decision-making procedure in decision analysis and applications. The last few decades have seen a large number of approaches investigated for ranking fuzzy numbers, yet some of these approaches are non-intuitive ... Keywords: Index of optimism, Integral value, Ranking fuzzy numbers
Vincent F. Yu, Luu Quoc Dat
Improvement of mechanical integrity of ultra low k dielectric stack and CMP compatibility
This paper reports about examinations on mechanical integrity improvement which were done to enable the integration of aerogel as ultra low k (ULK) dielectric into copper damascene technology. Our work focussed on the increase of the adhesive strength ... Keywords: Dielectric thin films, Low dielectric constant, Metallization, Permittivity, Porous materials, SiO2 Aerogel
K. Schulze; S. E. Schulz; S. Fr�hauf; H. K�rner; U. Seidel; D. Schneider; T. Gessner
Integration of the Fully Elastic Equations Cast in the Hydrostatic Pressure Terrain-Following Coordinate in the Framework of the ARPEGE/Aladin NWP System
ARPEGE/Aladin is a limited-area 3D primitive equation model, which belongs to the integrated NWP ARPEGE/IFS system. Like its global counterpart, the limited-area version has a spectral representation of variables in the horizontal but uses double-...
Radmila Bubnov�; Gwena�lle Hello; Pierre B�nard; Jean-Fran�ois Geleyn
Time-Dependent Fully Nonlinear Geostrophic Adjustment
Shock-capturing numerical methods are employed to integrate the fully nonlinear, rotating 1D shallow-water equations starting from steplike nongeostrophic initial conditions (a Rossby adjustment problem). Such numerical methods allow one to ...
Allen C. Kuo; Lorenzo M. Polvani
Integrated Approach Towards the Application of Horizontal Wells to Improve Waterflooding Performance
This final report describes the progress during the six year of the project on ''Integrated Approach Towards the Application of Horizontal Wells to Improve Waterflooding Performance.'' This report is funded under the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Class I program which is targeted towards improving the reservoir performance of mature oil fields located in fluvially-dominated deltaic deposits. The project involves using an integrated approach to characterize the reservoir followed by drilling of horizontal injection wells to improve production performance. The project was divided into two budget periods. In the first budget period, many modern technologies were used to develop a detailed reservoir management plan; whereas, in the second budget period, conventional data was used to develop a reservoir management plan. The idea was to determine the cost effectiveness of various technologies in improving the performance of mature oil fields.
Kelkar, Mohan; Liner, Chris; Kerr, Dennis
Integration of Substation and Equipment Health Information to Improve Operational Awareness
In recent years, grid operators have expressed keen interest in having component/equipment health information available in real time. Responding to this identified need, this project is developing information and communication technologies that can integrate state-of-the-art equipment sensor technologies in order to provide grid operators succinct information on the health of key pieces of equipment across the power system of interest. This information will improve the operational awareness of grid opera...
Integrated approach towards the Application of Horizontal Wells to Improve Waterflooding Performance. Annual report
This annual report describes the progress during the first year of the project on Integrated Approach Towards the Application of Horizontal Wells to Improve Waterflooding Performance. This project is funded under the Department of Energy`s Class I program which is targeted towards improving the reservoir performance of mature oil fields located in fluvial-dominated deltaic deposits. The project involves an integrated approach to characterize the reservoir followed by drilling of horizontal injection wells to improve production performance. The type of data the authors intend to integrate includes cross bore hole seismic surveys, geological interpretation based on logs and cores, and engineering information. This report covers the first phase of the project which includes a detailed reservoir description of the field based on the available information, followed by flow simulation of the Self Unit to compare the simulated result with the historical performance. Based on the simulated results, a vertical test well was drilled to validate this reservoir description. The well will also be used as a source well for a cross bore hole seismic survey. This report discusses the related geophysical, geological and engineering activities leading to the drilling of the vertical test well. The validation phase and the collection of the cross bore hole survey has just begun, and the results will be presented in the next annual report.
Kelkar, M.; Liner, C.; Kerr, D.
Upstream Measurements of Wind Profiles with Doppler Lidar for Improved Wind Energy Integration
New upstream measurements of wind profiles over the altitude range of wind turbines will be produced using a scanning Doppler lidar. These long range high quality measurements will provide improved wind power forecasts for wind energy integration into the power grid. The main goal of the project is to develop the optimal Doppler lidar operating parameters and data processing algorithms for improved wind energy integration by enhancing the wind power forecasts in the 30 to 60 minute time frame, especially for the large wind power ramps. Currently, there is very little upstream data at large wind farms, especially accurate wind profiles over the full height of the turbine blades. The potential of scanning Doppler lidar will be determined by rigorous computer modeling and evaluation of actual Doppler lidar data from the WindTracer system produced by Lockheed Martin Coherent Technologies, Inc. of Louisville, Colorado. Various data products will be investigated for input into numerical weather prediction models and statistically based nowcasting algorithms. Successful implementation of the proposed research will provide the required information for a full cost benefit analysis of the improved forecasts of wind power for energy integration as well as the added benefit of high quality wind and turbulence information for optimal control of the wind turbines at large wind farms.
Rodney Frehlich
High-voltage-compatible, fully depleted CCDs
We describe charge-coupled device (CCD) developmentactivities at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL).Back-illuminated CCDs fabricated on 200-300 mu m thick, fully depleted,high-resistivity silicon substrates are produced in partnership with acommercial CCD foundry.The CCDs are fully depleted by the application ofa substrate bias voltage. Spatial resolution considerations requireoperation of thick, fully depleted CCDs at high substrate bias voltages.We have developed CCDs that are compatible with substrate bias voltagesof at least 200V. This improves spatial resolution for a given thickness,and allows for full depletion of thicker CCDs than previously considered.We have demonstrated full depletion of 650-675 mu m thick CCDs, withpotential applications in direct x-ray detection. In this work we discussthe issues related to high-voltage operation of fully depleted CCDs, aswell as experimental results on high-voltage-compatible CCDs.
Holland, Stephen E.; Bebek, Chris J.; Dawson, Kyle S.; Emes, JohnE.; Fabricius, Max H.; Fairfield, Jessaym A.; Groom, Don E.; Karcher, A.; Kolbe, William F.; Palaio, Nick P.; Roe, Natalie A.; Wang, Guobin
The Use of Digital Warping of Microwave Integrated Water Vapor Imagery to Improve Forecasts of Marine Extratropical Cyclones
A technique is described in which forecasts of the locations of features associated with marine cyclones may be improved through the use of microwave integrated water vapor (IWV) imagery and image warping of forecast mesoscale model fields. Here, ...
G. David Alexander; James A. Weinman; J. L. Schols
Management assessment is required of US Department of Energy contractors by 10 CFR 830.122 and DOE Order 414.1. The management assessment process is a rigorous, preplanned, forward-looking review. It is required to be performed by owners of the processes that are being assessed. Written from the perspective of the Assessment Program Director and an Assessment Specialist, this paper describes the evolution of the process used by CH2MHILL to implement its management assessment program over the past two years including: roles, responsibilities, and details about our program improvement project designed to produce a clear picture of management processes and to identify opportunities for improvement. The management assessment program is essential to successful implementation, maintenance, and improvement of the CH2MHILL Integrated Environment, Safety, and Health Management System (ISMS). The management assessment program implements, in part, ISMS Core Function No. 5. ''Feedback and Continuous Improvement''. Organizations use the management assessment process to assess ISMS implementation and effectiveness. Management assessments evaluate the total picture of how well management processes are meeting organizational objectives and the customer's requirements and expectations. The emphasis is on management issues affecting performance, systems, and processes such as: strategic planning, qualification, training, staffing, organizational interfaces, communication, cost and schedule control and mission objectives. Management assessments should identify any weaknesses in the management aspects of performance and make process improvements. All managers from first line supervisors to the president and general manager are involved in the management assessment process. More senior managers, in conducting their assessment, will use data from lower levels of management. This approach will facilitate the objective of having managers closer to the work under review focusing on more compliance- and process-oriented aspects of work performance, while senior managers will concentrate on more strategic issues, having more access to information generated from assessments by their subordinates.
An integrated approach to characterize reservoir connectivity to improve waterflood infill drilling recovery
Infill drilling can significantly improve reservoir interwell connectivity in heterogeneous reservoirs, thereby enhances the waterflood recovery. This study defines and investigates the Hydraulic Interwell Connectivity (HIC) concept to characterize and estimate the reservoir connectivity, quantitatively. This approach is an integrated study of reservoir characterization, geostatistics, production performance and reservoir engineering. In this study HIC is quantitatively defined as the ratio of observed fluid flow rate to a maximum possible (ideal) flow rate between any combination of any two wells in the producing unit. The spatial distribution of HIC can be determined for different layers or total net pay of the reservoir. Geostatistics is used to evaluate the horizontal and vertical variation of HIC in the reservoir. The spatial variation of HIC can be used to describe the degree of communication between injectors and producers. This spatial distribution of HIC can also serve as a guide for selecting infill well locations. A West Texas producing unit, JL Johnson "AB", with average reservoir permeability of 0.90 md, is used as an example to illustrate the application of this approach. The waterflood infill drilling recovery is improved by incorporating the HIC in simulation study. It is a practical approach which facilitates and eases the implementation of targeted infill drilling. This approach makes targeted infill drilling more economical over pattern infill drilling by eliminating the drilling of poor injectors and producers. It is found to be a useful concept and procedure to design, implement and optimize infill drilling programs.
Malik, Zaheer Ahmad
A fully microfabricated two-dimensional electrospray array with applications to space propulsion; Fully microfabricated 2D electrospray array with applications to space propulsion.
??This thesis presents the design, fabrication and testing of a fully-integrated planar electrospray thruster array, which could lead to more efficient and precise thrusters for� (more)
Gassend, Blaise L. P. (Blaise Laurent Patrick), 1978-
Feasibility Studies to Improve Plant Availability and Reduce Total Installed Cost in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Plants
Feasibility Studies to Improve Plant Feasibility Studies to Improve Plant Availability and Reduce Total Installed Cost in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Plants Background Gasification provides the means to turn coal and other carbonaceous solid, liquid and gaseous feedstocks as diverse as refinery residues, biomass, and black liquor into synthesis gas and valuable byproducts that can be used to produce low-emissions power, clean-burning fuels and a wide range of commercial products to support
Improving Rangeland Monitoring and Assessment: Integrating Remote Sensing, GIS, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems
Creeping environmental changes are impacting some of the largest remaining intact parcels of sagebrush steppe ecosystems in the western United States, creating major problems for land managers. The Idaho National Laboratory (INL), located in southeastern Idaho, is part of the sagebrush steppe ecosystem, one of the largest ecosystems on the continent. Scientists at the INL and the University of Idaho have integrated existing field and remotely sensed data with geographic information systems technology to analyze how recent fires on the INL have influenced the current distribution of terrestrial vegetation. Three vegetation mapping and classification systems were used to evaluate the changes in vegetation caused by fires between 1994 and 2003. Approximately 24% of the sagebrush steppe community on the INL was altered by fire, mostly over a 5-year period. There were notable differences between methods, especially for juniper woodland and grasslands. The Anderson system (Anderson et al. 1996) was superior for representing the landscape because it includes playa/bare ground/disturbed area and sagebrush steppe on lava as vegetation categories. This study found that assessing existing data sets is useful for quantifying fire impacts and should be helpful in future fire and land use planning. The evaluation identified that data from remote sensing technologies is not currently of sufficient quality to assess the percentage of cover. To fill this need, an approach was designed using both helicopter and fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and image processing software to evaluate six cover types on field plots located on the INL. The helicopter UAV provided the best system compared against field sampling, but is more dangerous and has spatial coverage limitations. It was reasonably accurate for dead shrubs and was very good in assessing percentage of bare ground, litter and grasses; accuracy for litter and shrubs is questionable. The fixed wing system proved to be feasible and can collect imagery for very large areas in a short period of time. It was accurate for bare ground and grasses. Both UAV systems have limitations, but these will be reduced as the technology advances. In both cases, the UAV systems collected data at a much faster rate than possible on the ground. The study concluded that improvements in automating the image processing efforts would greatly improve use of the technology. In the near future, UAV technology may revolutionize rangeland monitoring in the same way Global Positioning Systems have affected navigation while conducting field activities.
Robert Paul Breckenridge
The 3rd DBCLS BioHackathon: improving life science data integration with Semantic Web technologies
The story so far. J Semantic Web Inf Syst 2009, 5:1�22. 9.Splendiani A: RDFScape: Semantic Web meets systems biology.Discovery and Integration (SADI) Web service Design-Pattern,
The RAW Filter: An Improvement to the Robert�Asselin Filter in Semi-Implicit Integrations
Errors caused by discrete time stepping may be an important component of total model error in contemporary atmospheric and oceanic simulations. To reduce time-stepping errors in leapfrog integrations, the Robert�Asselin�Williams (RAW) filter was ...
Paul D. Williams
Improving Demographic Components of Integrated Assessment Models: The Effect of Changes in Population Composition by Household Characteristics
This report describes results of the research project on "Improving Demographic Components of Integrated Assessment Models: The Effect of Changes in Population Composition by Household Characteristics". The overall objective of this project was to improve projections of energy demand and associated greenhouse gas emissions by taking into account demographic factors currently not incorporated in Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) of global climate change. We proposed to examine the potential magnitude of effects on energy demand of changes in the composition of populations by household characteristics for three countries: the U.S., China, and Indonesia. For each country, we planned to analyze household energy use survey data to estimate relationships between household characteristics and energy use; develop a new set of detailed household projections for each country; and combine these analyses to produce new projections of energy demand illustrating the potential importance of consideration of households.
Brian C. O'Neill
Fully synthetic taped insulation cables
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A high voltage oil-impregnated electrical cable with fully polymer taped insulation operable to 765 kV. Biaxially oriented, specially processed, polyethylene, polybutene or polypropylene tape with an embossed pattern is wound in multiple layers over a conductive core with a permeable screen around the insulation. Conventional oil which closely matches the dielectric constant of the tape is used, and the cable can be impregnated after field installation because of its excellent impregnation characteristics.
Forsyth, Eric B. (Brookhaven, NY); Muller, Albert C. (Center Moriches, NY)
Microsoft PowerPoint - Improving Data Integrity final draft_072412.PPTX
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
Improving Data Quality Improving Data Quality H i d li h h h h i How to improve data quality throughout the heating season and information sharing's role in doing so Z,INC. Team David Dudley, EIA-877; Survey Operator August 14, 2012| Washington, D.C. www.eia.gov U.S. Energy Information Administration Independent Statistics & Analysis Overview Overview Data Fundamentals Pre-Season Contact I t t D t C ll ti Internet Data Collection system Weekly Data Collections Weekly Data Collections Documentation / Information Sharing Information Sharing David Dudley, Improving Data Quality EIA, August 14, 2012 2 EIA-877: Data Fundamentals 3 David Dudley, Improving Data Quality EIA, August 14, 2012 Data Fundamentals: Characteristics Data Fundamentals: Characteristics * Overview of what data are being collected: Current
A model-based approach for data integration to improve maintenance management by mixed reality
Facilitating interaction with maintenance systems through intuitive interfaces is a competitive advantage in terms of time and costs for industry. This work presents the CARMMI approach, which aims to integrate information coming from CAx tools, mixed/augmented ... Keywords: Data modeling/visualization, Industrial maintenance, Mixed reality, Product data management
Dan�Bia Bueno Esp�Ndola; Luca Fumagalli; Marco Garetti; Carlos E. Pereira; Silvia S. C. Botelho; Renato Ventura Henriques
Explicit integration of identity information from skin regions to improve face recognition
This paper investigates the possibility of exploiting facial skin texture regions to further improve the performance of face recognition systems. Information extracted from the forehead region is combined with scores produced by a kernel-based face recognition ...
Garsah Farhan Al-Qarni; Farzin Deravi
Integration of Climate and Weather Information for Improving 15-Day-Ahead Accumulated Precipitation Forecasts
Skillful medium-range weather forecasts are critical for water resources planning and management. This study aims to improve 15-day-ahead accumulated precipitation forecasts by combining biweekly weather and disaggregated climate forecasts. A ...
Hui Wang; A. Sankarasubramanian; Ranji S. Ranjithan
INTEGRATING DATA AND SHARING INFORMATION FROM VARIOUS IEDs TO IMPROVE MONITORING, CONDITION-BASED
· Assisting in project management, planning, site assessments, installation & commissioning activities as it advances improved energy efficiency solutions. Reporting to an inspiring Technical Sales Manager, you understanding of power distribution, electrical substations, MV/LV electrical systems, commercial grid
Kezunovic, Mladen
Fast Pyrolysis Oil Stabilization: An Integrated Catalytic and Membrane Approach for Improved Bio-oils
This University of Massachusetts, Amherst project, "Fast Pyrolysis Oil Stabilization: An Integrated Catalytic and Membrane Approach for Improved Bio-oils" started on 1st February 2009 and finished on August 31st 2011. The project consisted following tasks: Task 1.0: Char Removal by Membrane Separation Technology The presence of char particles in the bio-oil causes problems in storage and end-use. Currently there is no well-established technology to remove char particles less than 10 micron in size. This study focused on the application of a liquid-phase microfiltration process to remove char particles from bio-oil down to slightly sub-micron levels. Tubular ceramic membranes of nominal pore sizes 0.5 and 0.8 �?�?�?µm were employed to carry out the microfiltration, which was conducted in the cross-flow mode at temperatures ranging from 38 to 45 C and at three different trans-membrane pressures varying from 1 to 3 bars. The results demonstrated the removal of the major quantity of char particles with a significant reduction in overall ash content of the bio-oil. The results clearly showed that the cake formation mechanism of fouling is predominant in this process. Task 2.0 Acid Removal by Membrane Separation Technology The feasibility of removing small organic acids from the aqueous fraction of fast pyrolysis bio-oils using nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes was studied. Experiments were carried out with a single solute solutions of acetic acid and glucose, binary solute solutions containing both acetic acid and glucose, and a model aqueous fraction of bio-oil (AFBO). Retention factors above 90% for glucose and below 0% for acetic acid were observed at feed pressures near 40 bar for single and binary solutions, so that their separation in the model AFBO was expected to be feasible. However, all of the membranes were irreversibly damaged when experiments were conducted with the model AFBO due to the presence of guaiacol in the feed solution. Experiments with model AFBO excluding guaiacol were also conducted. NF membranes showed retention factors of glucose greater than 80% and of acetic acid less than 15% when operated at transmembrane pressures near 60 bar. Task 3.0 Acid Removal by Catalytic Processing It was found that the TAN reduction in bio-oil was very difficult using low temperature hydrogenation in flow and batch reactors. Acetic acid is very resilient to hydrogenation and we could only achieve about 16% conversion for acetic acid. Although it was observed that acetic acid was not responsible for instability of aqueous fraction of bio-oil during ageing studies (described in task 5). The bimetallic catalyst PtRe/ceria-zirconia was found to be best catalyst because its ability to convert the acid functionality with low conversion to gas phase carbon. Hydrogenation of the whole bio-oil was carried out at 125�?�?�?°C, 1450 psi over Ru/C catalyst in a flow reactor. Again, negligible acetic acid conversion was obtained in low temperature hydrogenation. Hydrogenation experiments with whole bio-oil were difficult to perform because of difficulty to pumping the high viscosity oil and reactor clogging. Task 4.0 Acid Removal using Ion Exchange Resins DOWEX M43 resin was used to carry out the neutralization of bio-oil using a packed bed column. The pH of the bio-oil increased from 2.43 to 3.7. The GC analysis of the samples showed that acetic acid was removed from the bio-oil during the neutralization and recovered in the methanol washing. But it was concluded that process would not be economical at large scale as it is extremely difficult to regenerate the resin once the bio-oil is passed over it. Task 5.0 Characterization of Upgraded Bio-oils We investigated the viscosity, microstructure, and chemical composition of bio-oils prepared by a fast pyrolysis approach, upon aging these fuels at 90�?�?�?ºC for periods of several days. Our results suggest that the viscosity increase is not correlated with the acids or char present in the bio-oils. The
George W. Huber, Aniruddha A Upadhye, David M. Ford, Surita R. Bhatia, Phillip C. Badger
Integrated approach towards the application of horizontal wells to improve waterflooding performance. Annual report, January 1, 1997--December 31, 1997
This annual report describes the progress during the fifth year of the project on ``Integrated Approach Towards the Application of Horizontal Wells to Improve Waterflooding Performance``. This project is funded under the Department of Energy`s Class 1 program which is targeted towards improving the reservoir performance of mature oil fields located in fluvially dominated deltaic geological environments. The project involves using an integrated approach to characterize the reservoir followed by proposing an appropriate reservoir management strategy to improve the field performance. In the first stage of the project, the type of data the authors integrated include cross borehole seismic surveys, geological interpretation based on the logs and the cores, and the engineering information. In contrast, during the second stage of the project, they intend to use only conventional data to construct the reservoir description. This report covers the results of the implementation from the first stage of the project. It also discusses the work accomplished so far for the second stage of the project. The production from the Self Unit (location of Stage 1) has sustained an increase of 30 bbls/day over more than two years. The authors have collected available core, log and production data from Section 16 in the Berryhill Glenn Unit and have finished the geological description. Based on the geological description and the associated petrophysical properties, they have identified the areas for the most potential. These areas include Tracts 7 and 9. By conducting a detailed flow simulation on both these tracts, and evaluating the economic performance of various alternatives, they have made recommendations for both these tracts. At present, the authors are in the process of implementing the proposed reservoir management strategy in Tract 9.
Kelkar, M.; Kerr, D.
Integrated calibration sphere and calibration step fixture for improved coordinate measurement machine calibration
A method and apparatus for mounting a calibration sphere to a calibration fixture for Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM) calibration and qualification is described, decreasing the time required for such qualification, thus allowing the CMM to be used more productively. A number of embodiments are disclosed that allow for new and retrofit manufacture to perform as integrated calibration sphere and calibration fixture devices. This invention renders unnecessary the removal of a calibration sphere prior to CMM measurement of calibration features on calibration fixtures, thereby greatly reducing the time spent qualifying a CMM.
Clifford, Harry J. (Los Alamos, NM)
Intelligence community further specified this definition for their own field, as �the models that capture and describe specific domains� [47]. At the intersection of the life sciences and the com- puter sciences, we find ontologies being used for a wide variety... data integrity and correct out- put formatting, the output was successfully visualized in Cytoscape 2.7.0 beta 3 (Figure 2). Systems biology In systems biology, most curated models are developed by a graphical tool (e.g., CellDesigner [78...
Katayama, Toshiaki; Wilkinson, Mark D; Micklem, Gos; Kawashima, Shuichi; Yamaguchi, Atsuko; Nakao, Mitsuteru; Yamamoto, Yasunori; Okamoto, Shinobu; Oouchida, Kenta; Chun, Hong-Woo; Aerts, Jan; Afzal, Hammad; Antezana, Erick; Arakawa, Kazuharu; Aranda, Bruno; Belleau, Francois; Bolleman, Jerven; Bonnal, Raoul JP; Chapman, Brad; Cock, Peter JA; Eriksson, Tore; Gordon, Paul MK; Goto, Naohisa; Hayashi, Kazuhiro; Horn, Heiko; Ishiwata, Ryosuke; Kaminuma, Eli; Kasprzyk, Arek; Kawaji, Hideya; Kido, Nobuhiro; Kim, Young Joo; Kinjo, Akira R; Konishi, Fumikazu; Kwon, Kyung-Hoon; Labarga, Alberto; Lamprecht, Anna-Lena; Lin, Yu; Lindenbaum, Pierre; McCarthy, Luke; Morita, Hideyuki; Murakami, Katsuhiko; Nagao, Koji; Nishida, Kozo; Nishimura, Kunihiro; Nishizawa, Tatsuya; Ogishima, Soichi; Ono, Keiichiro; Oshita, Kazuki; Park, Keun-Joon; Prins, Pjotr; Saito, Taro L; Samwald, Matthias; Satagopam, Venkata P; Shigemoto, Yasumasa; Smith, Richard; Splendiani, Andrea; Sugawara, Hideaki; Taylor, James; Vos, Rutger A; Withers, David; Yamasaki, Chisato; Zmasek, Christian M; Kawamoto, Shoko; Okubo, Kosaku; Asai, Kiyoshi; Takagi, Toshihisa
Improved Improved cache performance in Monte Carlo transport calculations using energy banding A. Siegel a , K. Smith b , K. Felker c,∗ , P . Romano b , B. Forget b , P . Beckman c a Argonne National Laboratory, Theory and Computing Sciences and Nuclear Engineering Division b Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering c Argonne National Laboratory, Theory and Computing Sciences Abstract We present an energy banding algorithm for Monte Carlo (MC) neutral parti- cle transport simulations which depend on large cross section lookup tables. In MC codes, read-only cross section data tables are accessed frequently, ex- hibit poor locality, and are typically much too large to fit in fast memory. Thus, performance is often limited by long latencies to RAM, or by off-node communication latencies when the data footprint is very large and must be decomposed on
Improvements in fabrication of metallic fuels
Argonne National Laboratory is currently developing a new liquid- metal cooled breeder reactor known as the Integral Fast Reactor (IFR). IFR fuels represent the state-of-the-art in metal-fueled reactor technology. Improvements in the fabrication of metal fuel, to be discussed below, will support the fully remote fuel cycle facility that as an integral part of the IFR concept will be demonstrated at the EBR-II site. 3 refs.
Tracy, D.B.; Henslee, S.P.; Dodds, N.E.; Longua, K.J.
Integrated approach towards the application of horizontal wells to improve waterflooding performance. Quarterly report, July 1--September 30, 1997
The overall purpose of the proposed project is to improve secondary recovery performance of a marginal oil field through the use of an appropriate reservoir management plan. The selection of plan will be based on the detailed reservoir description using an integrated approach. The authors expect that 2 to 5% of the original oil in place will be recovered using this method. This should extend the life of the reservoir by at least 10 years. The project is divided into two stages. In Stage 1 of the project, they selected part of the Glenn Pool Field-Self Unit. They conducted cross borehole tomography surveys and formation micro scanner logs through a newly drilled well. By combining the state-of-the-art data with conventional core and log data, they developed a detailed reservoir description based on an integrated approach. After conducting extensive reservoir simulation studies, they evaluated alternate reservoir management strategies to improve the reservoir performance including drilling of a horizontal injection well. They observed that selective completion of many wells followed by an increase in the injection rate was the most feasible option to improve the performance of the Self Unit. This management plan is current being implemented and the performance is being monitored. Stage 2 of the project will involve selection of part of the same reservoir (Berryhill Unit-Tract 7), development of reservoir description using only conventional data, simulation of flow performance using developed reservoir description, selection of an appropriate reservoir management plan, and implementation of the plan followed by monitoring of reservoir performance.
A fully implicit numerical method for single-fluid resistive magnetohydrodynamics
We present a nonlinearly implicit, conservative numerical method for integration of the single-fluid resistive MHD equations. The method uses a high-order spatial discretization that preserves the solenoidal property of the magnetic field. The fully coupled PDE system is solved implicitly in time, providing for increased interaction between physical processes as well as additional stability over explicit-time methods. A high-order adaptive time integration is employed, which in many cases enables time steps ranging from one to two orders of magnitude larger than those constrained by the explicit CFL condition. We apply the solution method to illustrative examples relevant to stiff magnetic fusion processes which challenge the efficiency of explicit methods. We provide computational evidence showing that for such problems the method is comparably accurate with explicit-time simulations, while providing a significant runtime improvement due to its increased temporal stability.
Reynolds, Daniel R. [Department of Mathematics, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Dept 0112, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0112 (United States)]. E-mail: email@example.com; Samtaney, Ravi [Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, MS 26, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 (United States)]. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Woodward, Carol S. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab, P.O. Box 808, L-551, Livermore, CA 94551 (United States)]. E-mail: email@example.com
Fully Integrated Silicon Terahertz Transceivers for Sensing and Communication Applications
Distributed active transformer-a new power combining andA monolithic transformer coupled 5-w silicon power amplifiertap of the output transformer in the power amplifier (PA).
Park, Jungdong
Fully localized two-dimensional embedded solitons
We report the prediction of fully localized two-dimensional embedded solitons. These solitons are obtained in a quasi-one-dimensional waveguide array which is periodic along one spatial direction and localized along the orthogonal direction. Under appropriate nonlinearity, these solitons are found to exist inside the Bloch bands (continuous spectrum) of the waveguide and thus are embedded solitons. These embedded solitons are fully localized along both spatial directions. In addition, they are fully stable under perturbations.
Yang Jianke [Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05401 (United States)
Integrated approach towards the application of horizontal wells to improve waterflooding performance. Quarterly report, October 1, 1993--December 31, 1993
The overall purpose of the proposed project is to improve secondary recovery performance of a marginal oil field through the use of a horizontal injection well. The location and direction of the well will be selected based on the detailed reservoir description using integrated approach. The authors expect that 2 to 5 % of original oil in place will be recovered using this method. This should extend the life of the reservoir by at least 10 years. To accomplish the goals of the project, it is divided into two stages. In Stage 1, they will select part of the Glenn Pool field (William B. Self Unit), and collect additional reservoir data by conducting cross bore hole tomography surveys and formation micro scanner logs through newly drilled well. In addition, they will also utilize analogous outcrop data. By combining the state of the art data with conventional core and log data, they will develop a detailed reservoir description based on integrated approach. After conducting extensive reservoir simulation studies, they will select a location and direction of a horizontal injection well. The well will be drilled based on optimized design, and the field performance will be monitored for at least six months. If the performance is encouraging, they will enter into second budget period of the project. This progress report is divided into three sections. In the first section, they discuss the preliminary results based on the cross bore hole seismic surveys. In the second section, they discuss the geological description of the Self Unit. In the last section, they present petrophysical properties description of the reservoir followed by the flow simulation results. Based on a thorough evaluation of the geological and flow simulation results, they finalized the initial test well location followed by drilling of the well in late Dec.
Kelkar, B.G.; Liner, C.; Kerr, D.
Accuracy Analysis of a Spectral Element Atmospheric Model Using a Fully Implicit Solution Framework
A fully implicit (FI) time integration method has been implemented into a spectral finite-element shallow-water equation model on a sphere, and it is compared to existing fully explicit leapfrog and semi-implicit methods for a suite of test ...
Katherine J. Evans; Mark A. Taylor; John B. Drake
A fully microfabricated two-dimensional electrospray array with applications to space propulsion
This thesis presents the design, fabrication and testing of a fully-integrated planar electrospray thruster array, which could lead to more efficient and precise thrusters for space propulsion applications. The same ...
Improvement of Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average models using Fuzzy logic and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
Time series forecasting is an active research area that has drawn considerable attention for applications in a variety of areas. Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models are one of the most important time series models used in financial ... Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Exchange rate, Financial markets, Fuzzy logic, Time series forecasting
Mehdi Khashei; Mehdi Bijari; Gholam Ali Raissi Ardali
Improvements in dose accuracy delivered with static-MLC IMRT on an integrated linear accelerator control system
Purpose: Dose accuracy has been shown to vary with dose per segment and dose rate when delivered with static multileaf collimator (SMLC) intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) by Varian C-series MLC controllers. The authors investigated the impact of monitor units (MUs) per segment and dose rate on the dose delivery accuracy of SMLC-IMRT fields on a Varian TrueBeam linear accelerator (LINAC), which delivers dose and manages motion of all components using a single integrated controller. Methods: An SMLC sequence was created consisting of ten identical 10 x 10 cm{sup 2} segments with identical MUs. Beam holding between segments was achieved by moving one out-of-field MLC leaf pair. Measurements were repeated for various combinations of MU/segment ranging from 1 to 40 and dose rates of 100-600 MU/min for a 6 MV photon beam (6X) and dose rates of 800-2400 MU/min for a 10 MV flattening-filter free photon (10XFFF) beam. All measurements were made with a Farmer (0.6 cm{sup 3}) ionization chamber placed at the isocenter in a solid-water phantom at 10 cm depth. The measurements were performed on two Varian LINACs: C-series Trilogy and TrueBeam. Each sequence was delivered three times and the dose readings for the corresponding segments were averaged. The effects of MU/segment, dose rate, and LINAC type on the relative dose variation ({Delta}{sub i}) were compared using F-tests ({alpha} = 0.05). Results: On the Trilogy, large {Delta}{sub i} was observed in small MU segments: at 1 MU/segment, the maximum {Delta}{sub i} was 10.1% and 57.9% at 100 MU/min and 600 MU/min, respectively. Also, the first segment of each sequence consistently overshot ({Delta}{sub i} > 0), while the last segment consistently undershot ({Delta}{sub i} dose rates greater than 100 MU/min. The linear trend of decreasing dose accuracy as a function of increasing dose rate on the Trilogy is no longer apparent on TrueBeam, even for dose rates as high as 2400 MU/min. Dose inaccuracy averaged over all ten segments in each beam delivery sequence was larger for Trilogy than TrueBeam, with the largest discrepancy (0.2% vs 3%) occurring for 1 MU/segment beams at both 300 and 600 MU/min. Conclusions: Earlier generations of Varian LINACs exhibited large dose variations for small MU segments in SMLC-IMRT delivery. Our results confirmed these findings. The dose delivery accuracy for SMLC-IMRT is significantly improved on TrueBeam compared to Trilogy for every combination of low MU/segment (1-10) and high dose rate (200-600 MU/min), in part due to the faster sampling rate (100 vs 20 Hz) and enhanced electronic integration of the MLC controller with the LINAC. SMLC-IMRT can be implemented on TrueBeam with higher dose accuracy per beam ({+-}0.2% vs {+-}3%) than previous generations of Varian C-series LINACs for 1 MU/segment delivered at 600 MU/min).
Li Ji; Wiersma, Rodney D.; Stepaniak, Christopher J.; Farrey, Karl J.; Al-Hallaq, Hania A. [Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, 5758 South Maryland Avenue, MC9006, Chicago, Illinois 60637 (United States)
Towards a scalable fully-implicit fully-coupled resistive MHD formulation with stabilized FE methods
This paper explores the development of a scalable, nonlinear, fully-implicit stabilized unstructured finite element (FE) capability for 2D incompressible (reduced) resistive MHD. The discussion considers the implementation of a stabilized FE formulation ... Keywords: Direct-to-steady-state, Fully-implicit, Large-scale parallel, Multilevel preconditioner, Newton-Krylov, Resistive MHD, Stabilized finite element
J. N. Shadid; R. P. Pawlowski; J. W. Banks; L. Chac�n; P. T. Lin; R. S. Tuminaro
A new hybrid for improvement of auto-regressive integrated moving average models applying particle swarm optimization
A time series forecasting is an active research applied significantly in a variety of economics areas. Over the past three decades an auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, as one of the most important time series models, has been applied ... Keywords: ARIMA, Forecasting, PSOARIMA
Shahrokh Asadi; Akbar Tavakoli; Seyed Reza Hejazi
Findings from the 2004 Fully Automated Demand Response Tests...
the 2004 Fully Automated Demand Response Tests in Large Facilities Title Findings from the 2004 Fully Automated Demand Response Tests in Large Facilities Publication Type Report...
Integrated approach towards the application of horizontal wells to improve waterflooding performance. Annual progress report, January 1, 1996--December 31, 1996
This annual report describes the progress during the fourth year of the project on {open_quotes}Integrated Approach Towards the Application of Horizontal Wells to Improve Waterflooding Performance{close_quotes}. The project involves using an integrated approach to characterize the reservoir followed by proposing an appropriate reservoir management strategy to improve the field performance. In the first stage of the project, the type of data we integrated include cross borehole seismic surveys, geological interpretation based on the logs and the cores, and the engineering information. In contrast, during the second stage of the project, we intend to use only conventional data to construct the reservoir description. This report covers the results of the implementation from the first stage of the project. It also discusses the work accomplished so far for the second stage of the project. The production from the Self Unit (location of Stage 1) has sustained an increase of 30 bbls/day over a year with an additional increase anticipated with further implementation. We have collected available core, log and production data from Section 16 in the Berryhill Glenn Unit and have finished the geological description. Based on the geological description and the associated petrophysical properties, we have developed a new indexing procedure for identifying the areas with the most potential. We are also investigating an adjoining tract formerly operated by Chevron where successful miceller-polymer flood was conducted. This will help us in evaluating the reasons for the success of the flood. Armed with this information, we will conduct a detailed geostatistical and flow simulation study and recommend the best reservoir management plan to improve the recovery of the field.
Integrated sensing platform and method for improved quantitative and selective monitoring of chemical analytes in both liquid and gas phase
By measuring two or more physical parameters of a thin sensing film which are altered when exposed to chemicals, more effective discrimination between chemicals can be achieved. In using more than one sensor, the sensors are preferably integrated on the same substrate so that they may measure the same thin film. Even more preferably, the sensors are provided orthogonal to one another so that they may measure the same portion of the thin film. These provisions reduce problems in discrimination arising from variations in thin films.
Blair, Dianna S. (Albuquerque, NM); Frye-Mason, Gregory C. (Cedar Crest, NM); Butler, Michael A. (Albuquerque, NM)
Design and Control of a Fully Automated Vehicle door
The objective of the research was to develop a fully automated vehicle car door that can detect any object obstructing its path during operation. A fully automated door concept has not yet been implemented in the car industry. The door, operated via a pull of the door handle, utilizes an IR sensor to detect objects in its path. The vehicle door utilizes a linear direct current (DC) actuator with a built in potentiometer to power and control the vehicle door. The built in potentiometer provides feedback to the system. Proportional integral (PI) control was implemented to the system in order to provide a smoother and safer operation. The rise time of the system is 0.77 seconds and settling time is 1.07 seconds. The operation time is 3 seconds for the door to either open or close. The automated door has greater benefits compared to a manually operated door, such as ensuring greater safety in door operation and enhancing the lifetime as the door will not be slammed during its cycle. In addition, the door will provide more convenience to physically challenged people, as they will be able to open and close the door with the push of a button.
Hong, Kyung-Min
Toward a Fully Lagrangian Atmospheric Modeling System
An improved treatment of advection is essential for atmospheric transport and chemistry models. Eulerian treatments are generally plagued with instabilities, unrealistic negative constituent values, diffusion, and dispersion errors. A higher-...
Jahrul M. Alam; John C. Lin
A fully quantum model of Big Bang
In the paper the closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model with quantization in the presence of the positive cosmological constant and radiation is studied. For analysis of tunneling probability for birth of an asymptotically deSitter, inflationary Universe as a function of the radiation energy a new definition of a "free" wave propagating inside strong fields is proposed. On such a basis, tunneling boundary condition is corrected, penetrability and reflection concerning to the barrier are calculated in fully quantum stationary approach. For the first time non-zero interference between the incident and reflected waves has been taken into account which turns out to play important role inside cosmological potentials and could be explained by non-locality of barriers in quantum mechanics. Inside whole region of energy of radiation the tunneling probability for the birth of the inflationary Universe is found to be close to its value obtained in semiclassical approach. The reflection from the barrier is determined for the first time (which is essentially differs on 1 at the energy of radiation close to the barrier height). The proposed method could be easily generalized on the cosmological models with the barriers of arbitrary shape, that has been demonstrated for the FRW-model with included Chaplygin gas. Result is stable for variations of the studied barriers, accuracy are found to be 11--18 digits for all coefficients and energies below the barrier height.
Sergei P. Maydanyuk; Antonino Del Popolo; Vladislav S. Olkhovsky
Fully Coupled Well Models for Fluid Injection and Production
Wells are the primary engineered component of geologic sequestration systems with deep subsurface reservoirs. Wells provide a conduit for injecting greenhouse gases and producing reservoirs fluids, such as brines, natural gas, and crude oil, depending on the target reservoir. Well trajectories, well pressures, and fluid flow rates are parameters over which well engineers and operators have control during the geologic sequestration process. Current drilling practices provided well engineers flexibility in designing well trajectories and controlling screened intervals. Injection pressures and fluids can be used to purposely fracture the reservoir formation or to purposely prevent fracturing. Numerical simulation of geologic sequestration processes involves the solution of multifluid transport equations within heterogeneous geologic media. These equations that mathematically describe the flow of fluid through the reservoir formation are nonlinear in form, requiring linearization techniques to resolve. In actual geologic settings fluid exchange between a well and reservoir is a function of local pressure gradients, fluid saturations, and formation characteristics. In numerical simulators fluid exchange between a well and reservoir can be specified using a spectrum of approaches that vary from totally ignoring the reservoir conditions to fully considering reservoir conditions and well processes. Well models are a numerical simulation approach that account for local conditions and gradients in the exchange of fluids between the well and reservoir. As with the mathematical equations that describe fluid flow in the reservoir, variation in fluid properties with temperature and pressure yield nonlinearities in the mathematical equations that describe fluid flow within the well. To numerically simulate the fluid exchange between a well and reservoir the two systems of nonlinear multifluid flow equations must be resolved. The spectrum of numerical approaches for resolving these equations varies from zero coupling to full coupling. In this paper we describe a fully coupled solution approach for well model that allows for a flexible well trajectory and screened interval within a structured hexahedral computational grid. In this scheme the nonlinear well equations have been fully integrated into the Jacobian matrix for the reservoir conservation equations, minimizing the matrix bandwidth.
White, Mark D.; Bacon, Diana H.; White, Signe K.; Zhang, Z. F.
Geothermal: Sponsored by OSTI -- Using fully coupled hydro-geomechanic...
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
Using fully coupled hydro-geomechanical numerical test bed to study reservoir stimulation with low hydraulic pressure Geothermal Technologies Legacy Collection HelpFAQ | Site Map...
A Green Anode Plant Performance Analysis Tool Fully Embedded In ...
Presentation Title, A Green Anode Plant Performance Analysis Tool Fully Embedded In The Plant Control System. Author(s), Xavier Genin, Pasquale Calo,
Integration by cell algorithm for Slater integrals in a spline basis
An algorithm for evaluating Slater integrals in a B-spline basis is introduced. Based on the piecewise property of the B-splines, the algorithm divides the two-dimensional (r{sub 1}, r{sub 2}) region into a number of rectangular cells according to the chosen grid and implements the two-dimensional integration over each individual cell using Gaussian quadrature. Over the off-diagonal cells, the integrands are separable so that each two-dimensional cell-integral is reduced to a product of two one-dimensional integrals. Furthermore, the scaling invariance of the B-splines in the logarithmic region of the chosen grid is fully exploited such that only some of the cell integrations need to be implemented. The values of given Slater integrals are obtained by assembling the cell integrals. This algorithm significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the traditional method that relies on the solution of differential equations and renders the B-spline method more effective when applied to multi-electron atomic systems.
Qiu, Y.; Fischer, C.F.
A Low-Power Multimedia SoC with Fully Programmable 3D Graphics for Mobile Devices
A low-power multimedia SoC integrates a fully programmable 3D graphics for mobile devices with an MPEG4/JPEG codec and H.264 decoder for mobile devices. A mobile unified shader achieves programmable vertex shading and pixel shading in a single die, reducing ... Keywords: Mobile multimedia SoC, programmable, 3D graphics, mobile unified shader, low-power design
Jeong-Ho Woo; Ju-Ho Sohn; Hyejung Kim; Hoi-Jun Yoo
Fully deuterated microorganisms: Tools in magnetic resonance and neutron scattering
Current work at Argonne emphasizes the use of fully deuterated algae and cyanobacteria as tools in the study of photosynthesis and as a source of complex substrates for the culture of engineered overproducing bacteria. 17 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.
Crespi, H.L.
Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) in the Residential Sector...
For more than 30 years, there have been strong efforts to accelerate the deployment of solar- electric systems by developing photovoltaic (PV) products that are fully integrated...
Integrating GIS, Archeology, and the Internet.
At the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory's (INEEL) Cultural Resource Management Office, a newly developed Data Management Tool (DMT) is improving management and long-term stewardship of cultural resources. The fully integrated system links an archaeological database, a historical database, and a research database to spatial data through a customized user interface using ArcIMS and Active Server Pages. Components of the new DMT are tailored specifically to the INEEL and include automated data entry forms for historic and prehistoric archaeological sites, specialized queries and reports that address both yearly and project-specific documentation requirements, and unique field recording forms. The predictive modeling component increases the DMT�s value for land use planning and long-term stewardship. The DMT enhances the efficiency of archive searches, improving customer service, oversight, and management of the large INEEL cultural resource inventory. In the future, the DMT will facilitate data sharing with regulatory agencies, tribal organizations, and the general public.
Sera White; Brenda Ringe Pace; Randy Lee
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
7 7 AUDIT REPORT THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY' S MANAGEMENT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INTEGRATION MARCH 1998 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL OFFICE OF AUDIT SERVICES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Washington, DC 20585 MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY FROM: Gregory H. Friedman Principal Deputy Inspector General SUBJECT: INFORMATION : Audit Report on "Audit of the Department of Energy's Management of Research and Development Integration" BACKGROUND The Congress, independent task forces, and advisory groups have pointed out the need for the Department to improve its integration of research and development (R&D) projects. In the past, R&D management was carried out by different program offices with the research being
Integrated System
Integrated Window System Our research activities in the field of high performance windows have led us to conclude that even by using high performance insulating glass units, low conductivity frames, and warm edge spacers, there are still untapped sources for improving energy efficiency in the design and use of residential windows. While such high performance windows are a dramatic improvement over conventional units, they do not reduce conductive losses through wall framing around the window, offer guarantees against excessive wall/window infiltration nor do they adapt to the daily and seasonal potentials for night insulation and summer shading. To meet this need, we have been working on the design, development, and prototyping of Integrated Window Systems (IWS) since 1993. Integrated Window Systems are a form of panelized construction where the wall panel includes an operable or fixed window sash, recessed night insulation, integral solar shading, and is built in a factory setting in order to minimize thermal short circuits and infiltration at joints. IWSs can be built in modular lengths to facilitate their installation with conventional wood frame stick construction or other forms of panelized construction.
Weak Interaction Neutron Production Rates in Fully Ionized Plasmas
Employing the weak interaction reaction wherein a heavy electron is captured by a proton to produce a neutron and a neutrino, the neutron production rate for neutral hydrogen gases and for fully ionized plasmas is computed. Using the Coulomb atomic bound state wave functions of a neutral hydrogen gas, our production rate results are in agreement with recent estimates by Maiani {\\it et al}. Using Coulomb scattering state wave functions for the fully ionized plasma, we find a substantially enhanced neutron production rate. The scattering wave function should replace the bound state wave function for estimates of the enhanced neutron production rate on water plasma drenched cathodes of chemical cells.
A. Widom; J. Swain; Y. N. Srivastava
NREL Confirms Large Potential for Grid Integration of Wind, Solar Power (Fact Sheet)
To fully harvest the nation's bountiful wind and solar resources, it is critical to know how much electrical power from these renewable resources could be integrated reliably into the grid. To inform the discussion about the potential of such variable sources, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) launched two key regional studies, examining the east and west sections of the U.S. power grid. The studies show that it is technically possible for U.S. power systems to integrate 20%-35% renewable electricity if infrastructure and operational improvements can be made.
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Development of Fully Coupled Aeroelastic and Hydrodynamic Models for Offshore Wind Turbines: Preprint
Aeroelastic simulation tools are routinely used to design and analyze onshore wind turbines, in order to obtain cost effective machines that achieve favorable performance while maintaining structural integrity. These tools employ sophisticated models of wind-inflow; aerodynamic, gravitational, and inertial loading of the rotor, nacelle, and tower; elastic effects within and between components; and mechanical actuation and electrical responses of the generator and of control and protection systems. For offshore wind turbines, additional models of the hydrodynamic loading in regular and irregular seas, the dynamic coupling between the support platform motions and wind turbine motions, and the dynamic characterization of mooring systems for compliant floating platforms are also important. Hydrodynamic loading includes contributions from hydrostatics, wave radiation, and wave scattering, including free surface memory effects. The integration of all of these models into comprehensive simulation tools, capable of modeling the fully coupled aeroelastic and hydrodynamic responses of floating offshore wind turbines, is presented.
Jonkman, J. M.; Sclavounos, P. D.
Fully Integrated Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) Bio-Assay Platform
Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) Bio-Assay Platform by OctavianOxide Semiconductor (CMOS) Bio-Assay Platform by OctavianOxide Semiconductor (CMOS) Bio-Assay Platform by Octavian
Florescu, Octavian
Simulation of Thermal Energy Transport in a Fully-Integrated Surface/Subsurface Framework.
??Thermal stream loadings from both natural and anthropogenic sources have significant relevance with respect to ecosystem health and water resources management, particularly in the context� (more)
Brookfield, Andrea Elizabeth
A fully-integrated multi-watt permanent-magnet turbine generator
The energy density available from batteries is increasingly becoming a limiting factor in the capabilities of portable electronics. As a result, there is a growing need for compact, high energy density sources. This thesis ...
Yen, Bernard Chih-Hsun, 1981-
Fully integrated CMOS nano-particle assembly circuit for biological detections
based on silicon nanowires. Nano Letters, 4(2), 245�247. 3.Los Angeles (UCLA). His current research focuses on nano-fabrication, nano-electronic device and cir- cuit, and nano-
Zhang, Lei; Chang, Yu; Yu, Zhiping; He, Xiangqing; Chen, Yong
Fully integrated transport approach to heavy ion reactions with an intermediate hydrodynamic stage
We present a coupled Boltzmann and hydrodynamics approach to relativistic heavy ion reactions. This hybrid approach is based on the Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) transport approach with an intermediate hydrodynamical evolution for the hot and dense stage of the collision. Event-by-event fluctuations are directly taken into account via the non-equilibrium initial conditions generated by the initial collisions and string fragmentations in the microscopic UrQMD model. After a (3+1)-dimensional ideal hydrodynamic evolution, the hydrodynamical fields are mapped to hadrons via the Cooper-Frye equation and the subsequent hadronic cascade calculation within UrQMD proceeds to incorporate the important final state effects for a realistic freeze-out. This implementation allows to compare pure microscopic transport calculations with hydrodynamic calculations using exactly the same initial conditions and freeze-out procedure. The effects of the change in the underlying dynamics - ideal fluid dynamics vs. non-equilibrium transport theory - will be explored. The freeze-out and initial state parameter dependences are investigated for different observables. Furthermore, the time evolution of the baryon density and particle yields are discussed. We find that the final pion and proton multiplicities are lower in the hybrid model calculation due to the isentropic hydrodynamic expansion while the yields for strange particles are enhanced due to the local equilibrium in the hydrodynamic evolution. The results of the different calculations for the mean transverse mass excitation function, rapidity and transverse mass spectra for different particle species at three different beam energies are discussed in the context of the available data.
Hannah Petersen; Jan Steinheimer; Gerhard Burau; Marcus Bleicher; Horst St�cker
Improved Spatial Resolution in Thick, Fully-Depleted CCDs with Enhanced Red Sensitivity
the fiber is fed into a brass tube on the x-y-z translationis collimated by a 25 mm long brass tube. Scattered light isthread on the inside of the brass tube and absorbed by the
Fairfield, Jessamyn A.
FULLY FUNDED DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY BIOFUELS RESEARCH INTERNSHIP AT PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY Position Description The overall project objective is to utilize marine microalgae for biofuels production (i.e., lipids for biodiesel or jet biofuel). The student will set up a series of photobioreactors
FULLY FUNDED DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY BIOFUELS RESEARCH INTERNSHIP AT PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY Position Description The overall project objective is to utilize marine microalgae for biofuels (i.e., lipids for biodiesel or jet biofuel) production. The student will set up a series
Wildermuth, Mary C
-dimensional Euler equations in gas dynamics. There has been abundant study on the dispersion analysis of many nuDISPERSION AND DISSIPATION ERRORS OF TWO FULLY DISCRETE DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHODS HE YANG, FENGYAN LI, AND JIANXIAN QIU Abstract. The dispersion and dissipation properties of numerical meth- ods
Li, Fengyan
Integrity Lessons from the WAAS Integrity Performance Panel (WIPP)
Integrity Lessons from the WAAS Integrity Performance Panel (WIPP) Todd Walter, Per Enge, Stanford that the integrity requirement would be met, the FAA formed the WAAS Integrity Performance Panel (WIPP). The role of the WIPP is to independently assess the safety of WAAS and to recommend system improvements. To accomplish
Stanford University
Integrated heterodyne terahertz transceiver
A heterodyne terahertz transceiver comprises a quantum cascade laser that is integrated on-chip with a Schottky diode mixer. An antenna connected to the Schottky diode receives a terahertz signal. The quantum cascade laser couples terahertz local oscillator power to the Schottky diode to mix with the received terahertz signal to provide an intermediate frequency output signal. The fully integrated transceiver optimizes power efficiency, sensitivity, compactness, and reliability. The transceiver can be used in compact, fieldable systems covering a wide variety of deployable applications not possible with existing technology.
Lee, Mark (Albuquerque, NM); Wanke, Michael C. (Albuquerque, NM)
A heterodyne terahertz transceiver comprises a quantum cascade laser that is integrated on-chip with a Schottky diode mixer. A terahertz signal can be received by an antenna connected to the mixer, an end facet or sidewall of the laser, or through a separate active section that can amplify the incident signal. The quantum cascade laser couples terahertz local oscillator power to the Schottky diode to mix with the received terahertz signal to provide an intermediate frequency output signal. The fully integrated transceiver optimizes power efficiency, sensitivity, compactness, and reliability. The transceiver can be used in compact, fieldable systems covering a wide variety of deployable applications not possible with existing technology.
Wanke, Michael C. (Albuquerque, NM); Lee, Mark (Albuquerque, NM); Nordquist, Christopher D. (Albuquerque, NM); Cich, Michael J. (Albuquerque, NM)
Does the fully parabolic quasilinear 1D Keller-Segel system enjoy long-time asymptotics analogous to its parabolic-elliptic simplification?
We show that the one-dimensional fully parabolic Keller-Segel system with nonlinear diffusion possesses global-in-time solutions, provided the nonlinear diffusion is equal to (1+u)^{-\\alpha}, for \\alpha parabolic-elliptic case to the fully parabolic one. However, in the parabolic-elliptic case the above mentioned integrability condition on nonlinear diffusion sharply distinguishes between global existence and blowup cases. We are unable to recover the entire global existence counterpart of this result in a fully parabolic case.
Jan Burczak; Tomasz Cie?lak; Cristian Morales-Rodrigo
Findings from the 2004 Fully Automated Demand Response Tests in Large
the 2004 Fully Automated Demand Response Tests in Large the 2004 Fully Automated Demand Response Tests in Large Facilities Title Findings from the 2004 Fully Automated Demand Response Tests in Large Facilities Publication Type Report LBNL Report Number LBNL-58178 Year of Publication 2005 Authors Piette, Mary Ann, David S. Watson, Naoya Motegi, and Norman Bourassa Date Published 10/18/2005 Keywords market sectors, technologies Abstract This report describes the results of the second season of research to develop and evaluate the performance of new Automated Demand Response (Auto-DR) hardware and software technology in large facilities. Demand Response (DR) is a set of time dependant activities that reduce or shift electricity use to improve electric grid reliability, manage electricity costs, and provide systems that encourage load shifting or shedding during times when the electric grid is near its capacity or electric prices are high. Demand Response is a subset of demand side management, which also includes energy efficiency and conservation. The overall goal of this research project was to support increased penetration of DR in large facilities through the use of automation and better understanding of DR technologies and strategies in large facilities. To achieve this goal, a set of field tests were designed and conducted. These tests examined the performance of Auto-DR systems that covered a diverse set of building systems, ownership and management structures, climate zones, weather patterns, and control and communication configurations.
Experimental data and theoretical calculations are presented for the mass-transfer rate to rotating disks and rotating rings when laminar, transition, and fully developed turbulent flow exist upon different portions of the surface. Good agreement of data and the model is obtained for rotating disks and relatively thick rotating rings. Results of the calculations for thin rings generally exceed the experimental data measured in transition and turbulent flow. A y{sup +{sup 3}} form for the eddy diffusivity is used to fit the data. No improvement is noticed with a form involving both y{sup +{sup 3}} and y{sup +{sup 3}}.
Law Jr., C.G.; Pierini, P.; Newman, J.
Magnetohydrodynamics in stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes: A fully covariant approach
A fully geometrical treatment of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics is developed under the hypotheses of perfect conductivity, stationarity, and axisymmetry. The spacetime is not assumed to be circular, which allows for greater generality than the Kerr-type spacetimes usually considered in general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics. Expressing the electromagnetic field tensor solely in terms of three scalar fields related to the spacetime symmetries, we generalize previously obtained results in various directions. In particular, we present the first relativistic version of the Soloviev transfield equation, subcases of which lead to fully covariant versions of the Grad-Shafranov equation and of the Stokes equation in the hydrodynamical limit. We have also derived, as another subcase of the relativistic Soloviev equation, the equation governing magnetohydrodynamical equilibria with purely toroidal magnetic fields in stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes.
Gourgoulhon, Eric [Laboratoire Univers et Theories, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Universite Paris Diderot, F-92190 Meudon (France); Markakis, Charalampos [Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 (United States); Uryu, Koji [Department of Physics, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213 (Japan); Eriguchi, Yoshiharu [Department of Earth Science and Astronomy, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, 3-8-1, 153-8902 Tokyo (Japan)
Fully Ceramic Microencapsulated Fuel Development for LWR Applications
The concept, fabrication, and key feasibility issues of a new fuel form based on the microencapsulated (TRISO-type) fuel which has been specifically engineered for LWR application and compacted within a SiC matrix will be presented. This fuel, the so-called fully ceramic microencapsulated fuel is currently undergoing development as an accident tolerant fuel for potential UO2 replacement in commercial LWRs. While the ability of this fuel to facilitate normal LWR cycle performance is an ongoing effort within the program, this will not be a focus of this paper. Rather, key feasibility and performance aspects of the fuel will be presented including the ability to fabricate a LWR-specific TRISO, the need for and route to a high thermal conductivity and fully dense matrix that contains neutron poisons, and the performance of that matrix under irradiation and the interaction of the fuel with commercial zircaloy clad.
Snead, Lance Lewis [ORNL; Besmann, Theodore M [ORNL; Terrani, Kurt A [ORNL; Voit, Stewart L [ORNL
Fully hadronic ttbar cross section measurement with ATLAS detector
The top quark pair production cross section in the fully hadronic final state is characterized by a six jet topology, two of which could be identified as originating from a b-quark using ATLAS b-tagging algorithms. Compared to other decay channels, this final state presents an advantageous larger branching ratio; on the other hand it suffers from a very large QCD multi-jet background, generally difficult to estimate from Monte Carlo simulation and therefore evaluated using data-driven techniques. The analysis is performed using 36pb-1 of pp collisions produced at the LHC with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The observed upper limit is set at 261 pb at 95% confidence level, where the expected Standard Model cross-section for the ttbar process is 165+11-16 pb. In the future, when the LHC luminosity increases, it is essential, to efficiently trigger on these fully hadronic ttbar events, to use dedicated triggers. An overview of the analysis for ttbar production cross section measurement in the fully hadronic final state and the state-of-the-art of the b-jet trigger performance estimation are presented in this contribution.
Claudia Bertella
The boundary conditions for thermal modeling of fenestration systems assume an adiabatic condition between the fenestration system installed and the opaque envelope system. This theoretical adiabatic boundary condition may not be appropriate owing to heat transfer at the interfaces, particularly for aluminum- framed windows affixed to metal- framed walls. In such scenarios, the heat transfer at the interface may increase the discrepancy between real world thermal indices and laboratory measured or calculated indices based on NFRC Rating System.This paper discusses the development of window-wall Interface Correction Factors (ICF) to improve energy impacts of building envelope systems
Bhandari, Mahabir S [ORNL; Ravi, Dr. Srinivasan [University of Florida, Gainesville
Substation Data Integration
The purpose of the project was to implement a field demonstration of automated substation data integration. To achieve the goal of the smart grid, it will be necessary to integrate substation intelligent electronic device (IED) data into a data warehouse or data mart. Converting data to information to allow improved decision making requires automation, which is referred to as an information smart approach. The report discusses automated integration of data from substation IEDs and automated analysis of r...
Reduction of Carbon Footprint and Energy Efficiency Improvement in Aluminum Production by Use of Novel Wireless Instrumentation Integrated with Mathematical Modeling
The work addressed the greenhouse gas emission and electrical energy consumption of the aluminum industry. The objective was to provide a means for reducing both through the application of wireless instrumentation, coupled to mathematical modeling. Worldwide the aluminum industry consumes more electrical energy than all activities in many major countries (e.g. the UK) and emits more greenhouse gasses (e.g. than France). Most of these excesses are in the 'primary production' of aluminum; that is the conversion of aluminum oxide to metal in large electrolytic cells operating at hundreds of thousands of amps. An industry-specific GHG emission has been the focus of the work. The electrolytic cells periodically, but at irregular intervals, experience an upset condition known as an 'anode effect'. During such anode effects the cells emit fluorinated hydrocarbons (PFCs, which have a high global warming potential) at a rate far greater than in normal operation. Therefore curbing anode effects will reduce GHG emissions. Prior work had indicated that the distribution of electrical current within the cell experiences significant shifts in the minutes before an anode effect. The thrust of the present work was to develop technology that could detect and report this early warning of an anode effect so that the control computer could minimize GHG emissions. A system was developed to achieve this goal and, in collaboration with Alcoa, was tested on two cells at an Alcoa plant in Malaga, Washington. The project has also pointed to the possibility of additional improvements that could result from the work. Notable among these is an improvement in efficiency that could result in an increase in cell output at little extra operating cost. Prospects for commercialization have emerged in the form of purchase orders for further installations. The work has demonstrated that a system for monitoring the current of individual anodes in an aluminum cell is practical. Furthermore the system has been installed twice on a smelter in the US without exposing workers to hazards usually associated with running signal wires in aluminum plants. The results display the early warning of an anode effect that potentially can be used to minimize such anode effects with their excessive GHG emissions. They also point to a possible, but substantial, economic benefit that could result in improved current efficiency by anode adjustment based on individual anode current measurements.
James W. Evans
A fully dynamical simulation of central nuclear collisions
We present a fully dynamical simulation of central nuclear collisions around mid-rapidity at LHC energies. Unlike previous treatments, we simulate all phases of the collision, including the equilibration of the system. For the simulation, we use numerical relativity solutions to AdS/CFT for the pre-equilibrium stage, viscous hydrodynamics for the plasma equilibrium stage and kinetic theory for the low density hadronic stage. Our pre-equilibrium stage provides initial conditions for hydrodynamics and our results are insensitive to the AdS/hydro switching time. The resulting light particle spectra reproduce the measurements from the ALICE experiment at all transverse momenta.
van der Schee, Wilke; Pratt, Scott
Integrated Inverter Control for Multiple Electric Machines
engine volume to house them all. To improve options for motor design, ORNL researchers invented an integrated
Archaeopteryx Feathers and Bone Chemistry Fully Revealed via Synchrotron
Archaeopteryx Feathers and Bone Chemistry Fully Revealed via Archaeopteryx Feathers and Bone Chemistry Fully Revealed via Synchrotron Imaging Archaeopteryx specimens are important but extremely rare fossils. Due to their possession of both reptilian (jaws with teeth, long bony tail) and avian (feathered wings) characters, Archaeopteryx has been crucial in the development of Darwinian evolution. Despite their importance, no Archaeopteryx specimen has ever been chemically analyzed. This in large part may be explained by the analytical obstacles which preclude applying standard methods to such valuable specimens; destructive sampling is not an option and most non-destructive methods cannot handle large specimens. Furthermore, mapping using conventional methods is far too slow to enable chemical zonation to be reasonably determined. Mapping of trace element chemistry is of tremendous interest, however, because it opens a window into understanding several critical questions about Archaeopteryx in particular, and about fossil specimens in general. Preserved trace chemistry in bones and soft tissue may be remnants of the living organism, and therefore may give insight into life processes of extinct organisms. When mapping includes the embedding rock matrix, mass transfer between the fossil and the matrix can be constrained, hence giving information about mode of preservation. Chemical analysis can also resolve artefacts of the curation process. Finally, accurate chemical maps can also be useful for directing future work by highlighting regions that may be promising for other types of analysis including structural methods (CT, diffraction) or techniques that use other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum (infra-red).
Improved Meteorological Input for Atmospheric Release Decision support Systems and an Integrated LES Modeling System for Atmospheric Dispersion of Toxic Agents: Homeland Security Applications
When hazardous material is accidently or intentionally released into the atmosphere, emergency response organizations look to decision support systems (DSSs) to translate contaminant information provided by atmospheric models into effective decisions to protect the public and emergency responders and to mitigate subsequent consequences. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS)-led Interagency Modeling and Atmospheric Assessment Center (IMAAC) is one of the primary DSSs utilized by emergency management organizations. IMAAC is responsible for providing 'a single piont for the coordination and dissemination of Federal dispersion modeling and hazard prediction products that represent the Federal position' during actual or potential incidents under the National Response Plan. The Department of Energy's (DOE) National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center (NARAC), locatec at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), serves as the primary operations center of the IMAAC. A key component of atmospheric release decision support systems is meteorological information - models and data of winds, turbulence, and other atmospheric boundary-layer parameters. The accuracy of contaminant predictions is strongly dependent on the quality of this information. Therefore, the effectiveness of DSSs can be enhanced by improving the meteorological options available to drive atmospheric transport and fate models. The overall goal of this project was to develop and evaluate new meteorological modeling capabilities for DSSs based on the use of NASA Earth-science data sets in order to enhance the atmospheric-hazard information provided to emergency managers and responders. The final report describes the LLNL contributions to this multi-institutional effort. LLNL developed an approach to utilize NCAR meteorological predictions using NASA MODIS data for the New York City (NYC) region and demonstrated the potential impact of the use of different data sources and data parameterizations on IMAAC/NARAC fate and transport predictions. A case study involving coastal sea breeze circulation patterns in the NYC region was used to investigate the sensitivity of atmospheric dispersion results on the source of three-dimensional wind field data.
Arnold, E; Simpson, M; Larsen, S; Gash, J; Aluzzi, F; Lundquist, J; Sugiyama, G
NEUP Project Selections_September212011_IRP and Infrastructure Improvements
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
Projects�selections for NEUP 2011 under Integrated Research Projects and University Research Infrastructure Improvements.
Fully nonlinear excitations of non-Abelian plasma
We investigate fully nonlinear, non-Abelian excitations of quark-antiquark plasma, using relativistic fluid theory in cold plasma approximation. There are mainly three important nonlinearities, coming from various sources such as non-Abelian interactions of Yang-Mills (YM) fields, Wong's color dynamics and plasma nonlinearity, in our model. By neglecting nonlinearities due to plasma and color dynamics we get back the earlier results of Blaizot {\\it et. al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3317 (1994). Similarly, by neglecting YM fields nonlinearity and plasma nonlinearity, it reduces to the model of Gupta {\\it et. al.}, Phys. Lett. B498, 223 (2005). Thus we have the most general non-Abelian mode of quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Further, our model resembles the problem of propagation of laser beam through relativistic plasma, Physica 9D, 96 (1983). in the absence of all non-Abelian interactions.
Vishnu M. Bannur
Passive Fully Polarimetric W-Band Millimeter-Wave Imaging
We present the theory, design, and experimental results obtained from a scanning passive W-band fully polarimetric imager. Passive millimeter-wave imaging offers persistent day/nighttime imaging and the ability to penetrate dust, clouds and other obscurants, including clothing and dry soil. The single-pixel scanning imager includes both far-field and near-field fore-optics for investigation of polarization phenomena. Using both fore-optics, a variety of scenes including natural and man-made objects was imaged and these results are presented showing the utility of polarimetric imaging for anomaly detection. Analysis includes conventional Stokes-parameter based approaches as well as multivariate image analysis methods.
Bernacki, Bruce E.; Kelly, James F.; Sheen, David M.; McMakin, Douglas L.; Tedeschi, Jonathan R.; Harris, Robert V.; Mendoza, Albert; Hall, Thomas E.; Hatchell, Brian K.; Valdez, Patrick LJ
Double ionization of helium by bare ions: Theoretical study of the fully differential cross sections
This work presents a theoretical study of fully differential cross sections (FDCSs) for the double ionization of an He target by ion impact within a distorted wave model. The initial atomic system is described by two approximated wave functions of different accuracy proposed by Bonham and Kohl. For the final channel several models are considered based upon improvements and simplifications of the well-known three-body Coulomb (3C) model. The influence of the receding projectile on the resulting fragments is also studied by implementing a model with effective charges that depend on the momenta of the four particles. The FDCSs resulting for different electron energy sharing are discussed. The sensitivity of the FDCSs to the projectile charge sign and magnitude is explored over the energy range 700 keV/amu through 6 MeV/amu.
Lopez, S. D.; Garibotti, C. R. [Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas and Centro Atomico Bariloche, Avenida Bustillo 9400, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche (Argentina); Otranto, S. [Instituto de Fisica del Sur and Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahia Blanca (Argentina)
On equilibrium tides in fully convective planets and stars
We consider the tidal interaction of a fully convective primary star and a point mass. Using a normal mode decomposition we calculate the evolution of the primary angular velocity and orbit for arbitrary eccentricity e. The dissipation acting on the tidal perturbation is associated with convective turbulence. A novel feature of the Paper is that, to take into account of the fact that there is a relaxation time t_{c}, being the turn-over time of convective eddies, associated with the process, this is allowed to act non locally in time, producing a dependence of the dissipation on tidal forcing frequency. Results are expressed in terms of the Fourier coefficients of the tidal potential. We find analytical approximations for these valid for $e>0.2$. When the tidal response is frequency independent, our results are equivalent to those obtained in the standard constant time lag approximation. When there is the frequency dependence of the dissipative response, the evolution can differ drastically. In that case the system can evolve through a sequence of spin-orbit corotation resonances with Omega_{r}/Omega_{orb}=n/2, where Omega_{r} and Omega_{orb} are the rotation and orbital frequencies and n is an integer. We study this case analytically and numerically.
P. B. Ivanov; J. C. B. Papaloizou
A Highly Sensitive, Integrable, Multimode, Evanescent-Wave Chem/bio Sensor.
??A fully integrated optical chem/bio sensor complete with integrated source, chemically sensitive waveguide, detector arrays, and associated signal processing electronics on a Si-CMOS chip is� (more)
Lillie, Jeffrey J
Canada Week: Integrated electric grid improves reliability ...
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Includes hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and ethanol. Nuclear & Uranium. Uranium fuel, nuclear reactors, generation, spent fuel. ... ...
Integrated System Dramatically Improves Hydrogen Molar Yield...
(first reported in February 2009). The system uses dark fermentation of lignocellulosic corn stover followed by a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) reaction. NREL's fermentation...
Gas Emission Rate Prediction in Fully-Mechanized Excavated Faces Based on Support Vector Machine
In order to ensure safety in coal production, full assurance is given for fully-mechanized excavated faces. Based on the vector supporting machine for regression (SVR), a model is established for predicting the gas emission in fully-mechanized excavated ... Keywords: SVM, Tracking, emission rate, fully-mechanized excavated faces, gas prediction
Wang Changlong; Fu Weihua
Grid Integration
Summarizes the goals and activities of the DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program efforts within its grid integration subprogram.
Towards a fully printable battery : robocast deposition of separators.
The development of thin batteries has presented several interesting problems which are not seen in traditional battery sizes. As the size of a battery reaches a minimum, the usable capacity of the battery decreases due to the fact that the major constituent of the battery becomes the package and separator. As the size decreases, the volumetric contribution from the package and separator increases. This can result in a reduction of capacity from these types of batteries of nearly all of the available power. The development of a method for directly printing the battery layers, including the package, in place would help to alleviate this problem. The technology used in this paper to directly print battery components is known as robocasting and is capable of direct writing of slurries in complex geometries. This method is also capable of conformally printing on three dimensional surfaces, opening up the possibility of novel batteries based on tailoring battery footprints to conform to the available substrate geometry. Interfacial resistance can also be reduced by using the direct write method. Each layer is printed in place on the battery stack instead of being stacked one at a time. This ensures an intimate contact and seal at every interface within the cell. By limiting the resistance at these interfaces, we effectively help increase the useable capacity of our battery through increase transport capability. We have developed methodology for printing several different separator materials for use in a lithium cell. When combined with a printable cathode comprised of LiFePO{sub 4} (as seen in Figure 1) and a lithium anode, our battery is capable of delivering a theoretical capacity of 170 mAh g{sup -1}. This capacity is diminished by transport phenomena within the cell which limit the transport rate of the lithium ions during the discharge cycle. The material set chosen for the printable separator closely resemble those used in commercially available separators in order to keep the transport rates high within the cell during charge and discharge. In order to evaluate the effect of each layer being printed using the robocasting technique, coin cells using printed separator materials were assembled and cycled vs. Li/Li{sup +}. This allows for the standardization of a test procedure in order to evaluate each layer of a printed cell one layer at a time. A typical charge/discharge curve can be seen in Figure 2 using a printed LiFePO{sub 4} cathode and a printed separator with a commercial Celgard separator. This experiment was run to evaluate the loss in capacity and slowdown of transport within the cell due to the addition of the printed separator. This cell was cycled multiple times and showed a capacity of 75 mAh/g. The ability for this cell to cycle with good capacity indicates that a fully printable separator material is viable for use in a full lithium cell due to the retention of capacity. Most of the fully printed cathode and separator cells exhibit working capacities between 65 and 95 mAh/g up to this point. This capacity should increase as the efficiency of the printed separator increases. The ability to deposit each layer within the cell allows for intimate contact of each layer and ensures for a reduction of interfacial impedance of each layer within the cell. The overall effect of printing multiple layers within the cell will be an overall increase in the ionic conductivity during charge and discharge cycles. Several different polymer membranes have been investigated for use as a printed separator. The disadvantage of using polymer separators or solid electrolyte batteries is that they have relatively low conductivities at room temperature (10{sup -6} - 10{sup -8} S cm{sup -1}). This is orders of magnitude lower than the typically accepted 10{sup -3} S cm{sup -1} needed for proper ionic transport during battery discharge Because of their low conductivity, typical polymer separators such as polyethylene oxide (PEO) have a normal operational temperature well above ambient. At elevated temperature the conductivity of the
Atanassov, Plamen Borissov (University of New Mexico); Fenton, Kyle Ross (University of New Mexico); Apblett, Christopher Alan
Better HMC integrators for dynamical simulations
We show how to improve the molecular dynamics step of Hybrid Monte Carlo, both by tuning the integrator using Poisson brackets measurements and by the use of force gradient integrators. We present results for moderate lattice sizes.
M.A. Clark, Balint Joo, A.D. Kennedy, P.J. Silva
Insolation integrator
An electric signal representative of the rate of insolation is integrated to determine if it is adequate for operation of a solar energy collection system.
Dougherty, John J. (Norristown, PA); Rudge, George T. (Lansdale, PA)
HGIP: Haitian government integrated platform
This paper describes the HGIP initiative to equip Haitian government with an integrated system to monitor reconstruction efforts and improve governance. In its current status, this IDB funded project is seeking to integrate various systems and databases ... Keywords: e-governance, inter-organizational information sharing, public administration reform, whole-of-government approach
Carl Sherson Clermont
Development and evaluation of fully automated demand response in large facilities
Program Manager, Energy Systems Integration Sponsored by theProgram Manager, Energy Systems Integration Sponsored by the
Piette, Mary Ann; Sezgen, Osman; Watson, David S.; Motegi, Naoya; Shockman, Christine; ten Hope, Laurie
Integrated Used Nuclear Fuel Storage, Transportation, and ...
Researchers at ORNL have developed an integrated system that reduces the total life-cycle cost of used fuel storage while improving overall safety. This multicanister ...
Integrated thin film batteries on silicon
Monolithic integration has been implemented successfully in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology and led to improved device performance, increased reliability, and overall cost reduction. The next ...
Ariel, Nava
Commercial Buildings Integration Program
Buildings Buildings Integration Program Arah Schuur Program Manager firstname.lastname@example.com April 2, 2013 Building Technologies Office Program Peer Review 2 | Building Technologies Office eere.energy.gov Vision Commercial buildings are constructed, operated, renovated and transacted with energy performance in mind and net zero ready commercial buildings are common and cost-effective. Commercial Buildings Integration Program Mission Accelerate voluntary uptake of significant energy performance improvements in existing and new commercial buildings. 3 | Building Technologies Office eere.energy.gov BTO Goals: BTO supports the development and deployment of technologies and systems to reduce
A Fully Two-Dimensional, Nonoscillatory Advection Scheme for Momentum and Scalar Transport Equations
The advection scheme developed in this study is a fully two-dimensional and nonoscillatory extension of the one-dimensional Crowley-type mass-conserving schemes. The fully two-dimensional scheme includes new cell-to-cell fluxes directed along the ...
El�as Valur H�lm
An efficient preconditioned iterative solution of fully-coupled elastohydrodynamic lubrication problems
This paper presents the fast preconditioned iterative solution to large sparse linear systems arising from the application of Newton and quasi-Newton methods to fully coupled elastohydrodynamic lubrication line and point contact problems. The new blockwise ... Keywords: Elastohydrodynamic lubrication, Finite element method, Fully coupled approach, Linear elasticity, Multigrid, Preconditioned GMRES
Sarfraz Ahmed; Christopher E. Goodyer; Peter K. Jimack
Design for implementation : fully integrated charging & docking infrastructure used in Mobility-on-Demand electric vehicle fleets
As the technology used in electric vehicles continues to advance, there is an increased demand for urban-appropriate electric charging stations emphasizing a modern user interface, robust design, and reliable functionality. ...
Martin, Jean Mario Nations
Integrating Management Systems
Mission Execution by Mission Execution by Integrating our Management Systems Integrating our Management Systems 1 W e e k l y O p e r a t i o n s M e e t i n g N o v e m b e r 1 , 2 0 1 1 M i c h a e l J . W e i s Pulling the Pieces Together for Improving DOE Management to Enable Mission Execution 2 Process changes Process changes Behavioral changes Behavioral changes System changes System changes Process Change Approach Strengthening and Expediting Decision Making 3 Proposed Outcomes Horizontal Integration Incoming DOE Business Crosscutting Issues (i.e. NLDC input) Hi-level Roadblocks Operations Management Council Associate Deputy Secretary Collaborative Action Process Chief Operating Officer Weekly Operations Council (OMC) Super 8 Secretary (ADS) (CAP) Board (COOB) p Meeting Endorsement / Commitment Super 8 US Meetings COO Meetings
NREL: Energy Systems Integration - Integrated Deployment Workshop
Integrated Deployment Workshop Integrated Deployment Workshop The Energy Systems Integration Facility workshop, Integrated Deployment, was held August 21 - 23, 2012 at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado. Each day of the workshop, which included a tour of the Energy Systems Integration Facility, focused on a different topic: Day 1: Utility-Scale Renewable Integration Day 2: Distribution-Level Integration Day 3: Isolated and Islanded Grid Systems The agenda and presentations from the workshop are below. Agenda Energy Systems Integration Facility Overview ESIF Technology Partnerships Integrated Deployment Model Integrated Deployment and the Energy Systems Integration Facility: Workshop Proceedings Printable Version Energy Systems Integration Home Research & Development
NREL: Energy Systems Integration - Energy Systems Integration...
Energy Systems Integration Facility NREL's Energy Systems Integration Facility Garners LEED Platinum View the NREL Press Release. NREL's multistory Energy Systems Integration...
MHD Integrated Topping Cycle Project
This eighteenth quarterly technical progress report of the MHD Integrated Topping cycle Project presents the accomplishments during the period November 1, 1991 to January 31, 1992. The precombustor is fully assembled. Manufacturing of all slagging stage components has been completed. All cooling panels were welded in place and the panel/shell gap was filled with RTV. Final combustor assembly is in progress. The low pressure cooling subsystem (LPCS) was delivered to the CDIF. Second stage brazing issues were resolved. The construction of the two anode power cabinets was completed.
Integrating advanced facades into high performance buildings
Glass is a remarkable material but its functionality is significantly enhanced when it is processed or altered to provide added intrinsic capabilities. The overall performance of glass elements in a building can be further enhanced when they are designed to be part of a complete facade system. Finally the facade system delivers the greatest performance to the building owner and occupants when it becomes an essential element of a fully integrated building design. This presentation examines the growing interest in incorporating advanced glazing elements into more comprehensive facade and building systems in a manner that increases comfort, productivity and amenity for occupants, reduces operating costs for building owners, and contributes to improving the health of the planet by reducing overall energy use and negative environmental impacts. We explore the role of glazing systems in dynamic and responsive facades that provide the following functionality: Enhanced sun protection and cooling load control while improving thermal comfort and providing most of the light needed with daylighting; Enhanced air quality and reduced cooling loads using natural ventilation schemes employing the facade as an active air control element; Reduced operating costs by minimizing lighting, cooling and heating energy use by optimizing the daylighting-thermal tradeoffs; Net positive contributions to the energy balance of the building using integrated photovoltaic systems; Improved indoor environments leading to enhanced occupant health, comfort and performance. In addressing these issues facade system solutions must, of course, respect the constraints of latitude, location, solar orientation, acoustics, earthquake and fire safety, etc. Since climate and occupant needs are dynamic variables, in a high performance building the facade solution have the capacity to respond and adapt to these variable exterior conditions and to changing occupant needs. This responsive performance capability can also offer solutions to building owners where reliable access to the electric grid is a challenge, in both less-developed countries and in industrialized countries where electric generating capacity has not kept pace with growth. We find that when properly designed and executed as part of a complete building solution, advanced facades can provide solutions to many of these challenges in building design today.
Selkowitz, Stephen E.
Fully Lagrangian Floats in Labrador Sea Deep Convection: Comparison of Numerical and Experimental Results
Measurements of deep convection from fully Lagrangian floats deployed in the Labrador Sea during February and March 1997 are compared with results from model drifters embedded in a large eddy simulation (LES) of the rapidly deepening mixed layer. ...
Ramsey R. Harcourt; Elizabeth L. Steffen; Roland W. Garwood; Eric A. D'Asaro
A Fully Conserved Minimal Adjustment Scheme with (T, S) Coherency for Stabilization of Hydrographic Profiles
A new, fully conserved minimal adjustment scheme with temperature and salinity (T, S) coherency is presented for eliminating false static instability generated from analyzing and assimilating stable ocean (T, S) profiles data, that is, from ...
Xidong Wang; Peter C. Chu; Guijun Han; Wei Li; Xuefeng Zhang; Dong Li
Loads Analysis of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Using Fully Coupled Simulation: Preprint
This paper presents the use of fully coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulation tools to perform a loads analysis of a 5-MW offshore wind turbine supported by a barge with moorings, one of many promising floating platform concepts.
Jonkman, J. M.; Buhl, M. L., Jr.
Package of Homojunction of Fully Conjugated Heterocyclic Aromatic Rigid-rod Polymer Light Emitting Diodes.
??The focus of this study is mono-layer polymer light emitting diode (PLED). The emitting layer is poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole (PBO). PBO is a fully conjugated heterocyclic aromatic� (more)
Liao, Hung-chi
A Low Power, Low Voltage, Fully Differential CMOS Variable Gain Amplifier.
?? This research presents a low voltage (0.8 V) fully differential CMOS variable gain amplifier. SPECTRE simulations on the designed amplifier show a -17 dB� (more)
Siddiqui, Muhammad Yousuf
Fully automatic calibration of LIDAR and video streams from a vehicle
This work describes a fully automatic technique to calibrate a geometric mapping between lidar and video feeds on a mobile ground-based platform. This data association is a crucial first step for any multi-modal scene ...
Bileschi, Stanley M.
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program: Systems Integration
Independent Reviews Independent Reviews Macro-System Model U.S. Department of Energy Search help Home > Systems Integration Printable Version Systems Integration The technological advancements and lessons learned through research, development, and demonstration of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies must be integrated to work as a fully functional system. This is the focus of systems integration-understanding the complex interactions between components, systems costs, environmental impacts, societal impacts, and system trade-offs. Identifying and analyzing these interactions will enable evaluation of alternative concepts and pathways, and result in well-integrated and optimized hydrogen and fuel cell systems. Led by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, this activity
NREL: Electricity Integration Research Home Page
Photo of power lines with sky and clouds in the background. Photo of power lines with sky and clouds in the background. Electricity integration at NREL enables renewable energy technologies to be fully integrated into the planning and operations of the grid-from ultra-high-voltage transmission systems to medium- and low-voltage distribution grids. The U.S. electric power system is undergoing significant changes in how electricity is produced and delivered to customers. Reduced costs and new requirements are increasing the amount of variable renewable energy that is being integrated into the power system. Smart Grid technologies that add communications and control to the grid are also changing the way the electric power system operates. Distributed Grid Integration Research Distributed grid integration R&D at NREL focuses on solar photovoltaic
Improved Perturbation Theory for Improved Lattice Actions
We study a systematic improvement of perturbation theory for gauge fields on the lattice; the improvement entails resumming, to all orders in the coupling constant, a dominant subclass of tadpole diagrams. This method, originally proposed for the Wilson gluon action, is extended here to encompass all possible gluon actions made of closed Wilson loops; any fermion action can be employed as well. The effect of resummation is to replace various parameters in the action (coupling constant, Symanzik coefficients, clover coefficient) by ``dressed'' values; the latter are solutions to certain coupled integral equations, which are easy to solve numerically. Some positive features of this method are: a) It is gauge invariant, b) it can be systematically applied to improve (to all orders) results obtained at any given order in perturbation theory, c) it does indeed absorb in the dressed parameters the bulk of tadpole contributions. Two different applications are presented: The additive renormalization of fermion masses, and the multiplicative renormalization Z_V (Z_A) of the vector (axial) current. In many cases where non-perturbative estimates of renormalization functions are also available for comparison, the agreement with improved perturbative results is significantly better as compared to results from bare perturbation theory.
M. Constantinou; H. Panagopoulos; A. Skouroupathis
SNF project engineering process improvement plan
This Engineering Process Improvement Plan documents the activities and plans to be taken by the SNF Project to support its engineering process and to produce a consolidated set of engineering procedures that are fully compliant with the requirements of HNF-PRO-1819. All new procedures will be issued and implemented by September 30, 1999.
Improved Coupled Z?R and k?R Relations and the Resulting Ambiguities in the Determination of the Vertical Distribution of Rain from the Radar Backscatter and the Integrated Attenuation
Several algorithms to calculate a rain-rate profile from a single-frequency air- or spaceborne radar backscatter profile and a given path-integrated attenuation have been proposed. The accuracy of any such algorithm is limited by the ambiguities ...
Z. S. Haddad; A. R. Jameson; E. Im; S. L. Durden
Lake Improvement District Law and County Lake Improvement Program
Lake Improvement District Law and County Lake Improvement Program Lake Improvement District Law and County Lake Improvement Program (Minnesota) Lake Improvement District Law and County Lake Improvement Program (Minnesota) < Back Eligibility Utility Fed. Government Commercial Agricultural Investor-Owned Utility State/Provincial Govt Industrial Construction Municipal/Public Utility Local Government Residential Installer/Contractor Rural Electric Cooperative Tribal Government Low-Income Residential Schools Retail Supplier Institutional Multi-Family Residential Systems Integrator Fuel Distributor Nonprofit General Public/Consumer Transportation Savings Category Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Buying & Making Electricity Water Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Minnesota Program Type Siting and Permitting Lake Improvement Districts may be established by county boards in order to
The development of a fully-integrated immune response model (FIRM) simulator of the immune response through integration of multiple subset models
as differential equation models or agent-based models.Agent-based models or cellular automata models of the immunechallenges remain with agent-based models, including the
A Conservative Integration of the Pseudo-Incompressible Equations with Implicit Turbulence Parameterization
Durran�s pseudo-incompressible equations are integrated in a mass and momentum conserving way with a new implicit turbulence model. This system is soundproof, which has two major advantages over fully compressible systems: the Courant�Friedrichs�...
Felix Rieper; Stefan Hickel; Ulrich Achatz
Fully Covariant Van Dam-Veltman-Zakharov Discontinuity, and Absence Thereof
In both old and recent literature, it has been argued that the celebrated van Dam-Veltman-Zakharov (vDVZ) discontinuity of massive gravity is an artifact due to linearization of the true equations of motion. In this letter, we investigate that claim. First, we exhibit an explicit -albeit somewhat arbitrary- fully covariant set of equations of motion that, upon linearization, reduce to the standard Pauli-Fierz equations. We show that the vDVZ discontinuity still persists in that non-linear, covariant theory. Then, we restrict our attention to a particular system that consistently incorporates massive gravity: the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) model. DGP is fully covariant and does not share the arbitrariness and imperfections of our previous covariantization, and its linearization exhibits a vDVZ discontinuity. Nevertheless, we explicitly show that the discontinuity does disappear in the fully covariant theory, and we explain the reason for this phenomenon.
M. Porrati
Development of an Integrated Distribution Management System
This final report details the components, functionality, costs, schedule and benefits of developing an Integrated Distribution Management System (IDMS) for power distribution system operation. The Distribution Automation (DA) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems used by electric power companies to manage the distribution of electric power to retail energy consumers are vital components of the Nation�s critical infrastructure. Providing electricity is an essential public service and a disruption in that service, if not quickly restored, could threaten the public safety and the Nation�s economic security. Our Nation�s economic prosperity and quality of life have long depended on the essential services that utilities provide; therefore, it is necessary to ensure that electric utilities are able to conduct their operations safely and efficiently. A fully integrated technology of applications is needed to link various remote sensing, communications and control devices with other information tools that help guide Power Distribution Operations personnel. A fully implemented IDMS will provide this, a seamlessly integrated set of applications to raise electric system operating intelligence. IDMS will enhance DA and SCADA through integration of applications such as Geographic Information Systems, Outage Management Systems, Switching Management and Analysis, Operator Training Simulator, and other Advanced Applications, including unbalanced load flow and fault isolation/service restoration. These apps are capable of utilizing and obtaining information from appropriately installed DER, and by integrating disparate systems, the Distribution Operators will benefit from advanced capabilities when analyzing, controlling and operating the electric system.
Schatz, Joe E.
The mean climate of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM4) in forced SST and fully coupled experiments
The Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4) was released as the atmosphere component of the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) and is described. The finite volume dynamical core available in CAM3 is now the default due to its superior transport and conservation properties. Deep convection parameterization changes include a dilute plume calculation of convective available potential energy (CAPE) and the introduction of a formulation for Convective Momentum Transport (CMT). For the cloud fraction an additional calculation is performed following macrophysical state updates that provides improved thermodynamic condistancy. A freeze-drying modification is further made to the cloud fraction calculation in very dry environments, such as arctic Winter, where cloud fractionand cloud water estimates were often inconsistant in CAM3. In CAM4 the finite volume dynamical core leads to a degradation in the excessive trade-wind simulation, but with an accompanying reduction in zonal stresses at higher latitudes. Plume dilution leads to a moister deep tropics alleviating much of the mid-tropospheric dry biases and reduces the persistant precipitation biases over the Arabian peninsular and the southern Indian ocean during the Indian Monsoon. CMT reduces much of the excessive trade-wind biases in eastern ocean basins. The freeze drying modification alleviates much of the high latitude, winter-time excessive cloud bias and improves the associated surface cloud-related energy budget, but the updated cloud macrophysical calculation generally leads to reduced cloud fraction and cloud forcing away from high latitudes. Although there are marginal improvements in time-averaged, large-scale hydrology there are signficant improvements in regional climate features such as the generation of tropical and propagation of stationary waves from the Pacific into mid-latitudes and in the seasonal frequency of Northern Hemisphere blocking events. A 1? versus 2? horizontal resolution of the finite volume 24 dynamical core exhibits signficiant improvements in model climate. Improvements in the fully coupled mean climate between CAM3 and CAM4 are also much more signficant than in forced Sea Surface Temperature (SST) simulations. Furthermore, improvements in the transient characteristics ofthe model climate, documented elsewhere, are substantial.
Neale, Richard; Richter, Jadwiga; Park, Sungsu; Lauritzen, P. H.; Vavrus, Steven J.; Rasch, Philip J.; Zhang, Minghua
Energy Systems Integration Facility Newsroom The Energy Systems Integration Facility (ESIF) will be one of the only megawatt-scale test facilities in the United States that...
NREL: Transmission Grid Integration - Solar Integration National...
of the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study and Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study datasets greatly advanced the modeling of wind and solar power production...
NREL: Transmission Grid Integration - Wind Integration Datasets
Wind Integration Datasets The Wind Integration Datasets provide energy professionals with a consistent set of wind profiles for the eastern United States and the western United...
Fully automated smart wireless frost prediction and protection system using a fuzzy logic controller
A smart fuzzy logic controller system is presented to protect the crops from frost damage that occurs every year. The system is a fully automated system to predict the frost and to protect the crops using wireless sensor network technology. The sensors ...
Shadi A. Alboon; Amin T. Alqudah; Hussein R. Al-Zoubi; Abedalgany A. Athamneh
Fully complex-valued radial basis function networks: Orthogonal least squares regression and classification
We consider a fully complex-valued radial basis function (RBF) network for regression and classification applications. For regression problems, the locally regularised orthogonal least squares (LROLS) algorithm aided with the D-optimality experimental ... Keywords: Classification, Complex-valued radial basis function network, D-optimality experimental design, Fisher ratio of class separability measure, Orthogonal least squares algorithm, Regression
S. Chen; X. Hong; C. J. Harris; L. Hanzo
Development of new Consolidity Theory for systems' analysis and design in fully fuzzy environment
This paper establishes the foundation of new systems' Consolidity Theory using the Arithmetic Fuzzy Logic-Based Representation approach for investigating the internal behavior of systems operating in fully fuzzy environment. Consolidated systems are ... Keywords: Advanced fuzzy control systems, Arithmetic Fuzzy Logic-Based Representation, Fuzzy dynamic systems, Fuzzy econometric models, Fuzzy smart grids, Fuzzy theory, Normalized fuzzy matrices, Systems' Consolidity Theory
Hassen Taher Dorrah; Walaa Ibrahim Gabr
Fully monolithic cellular buck converter design for 3-D power delivery
A fully monolithic interleaved buck dc-dc point-of-load (PoL) converter has been designed and fabricated in a 0.18-mm SiGe BiCMOS process. Target application of the design is 3-D power delivery for future microprocessors, ...
Sun, Jian
NTU Carbon Management Statement 2010 Nottingham Trent University fully supports government and HEFCE climate
NTU Carbon Management Statement 2010 Nottingham Trent University fully supports government the following absolute carbon reduction target aligned to higher education sector target: · At least a 48% reduction in scope 1 and 2 carbon emissions from 2005/6 to 2020/21 NTU is currently completing actions from
Evans, Paul
Propagation of Wind Energy into the Deep Ocean through a Fully Turbulent Mesoscale Eddy Field
The authors analyze the 3D propagation of wind-forced near-inertial motions in a fully turbulent mesoscale eddy field with a primitive equation numerical model. Although the wind stress is uniform, the near-inertial motion field quickly becomes ...
Eric Danioux; Patrice Klein; Pascal Rivi�re
Integrated optic/nanofluidic detection device with plasmonic readout
Integrated lab-on-a-chip devices provide the promise of many benefits in many application areas. A low noise, high resolution, high sensitivity integrated optical microfluidic device would not only improve the capabilities ...
Varsanik, Jonathan S
Refractory Improvement
Refractory Improvement Refractory Improvement NETL Office of Research and Development Project Number: FWP-2012.03.03 Task 2 Project Description Industry would like gasifier on-line availability of 85-95% for utility applications and 95% for applications such as chemical production. Gasification facilities' are currently unable to meet these requirements, which have created a potential roadblock to widespread acceptance and commercialization of gasification technologies. Refractory liners and syngas coolers are among key components of the gasification process previously identified as negatively impacting gasifier availability. Ash originating from impurities in the gasifier's carbon feedstock is the root cause of many problems impacting gasifier RAM (Reliability Availability Maintainability). At the high temperatures of gasification, ash changes to liquid, gas, and solid phases which wear down refractory materials and can cause fouling, either of which can lead to unplanned shutdowns for system repair, replacement, or cleaning.
ORISE: Integrated Safety Management (ISM)
Integrated Safety Management (ISM) Integrated Safety Management (ISM) Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) is committed to performing work safely as it operates the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). ORAU supports the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) policy of using management systems to integrate safety into work practices at all levels. ORAU defines "safety" as encompassing environment, safety and health, and also includes waste minimization and pollution prevention. All ORAU programs and departments actively pursue continuous improvement, and the addition of Integrated Safety Management (ISM) concepts further strengthens safety as a standard in ORISE's culture. ORAU has accepted the ISM concept by contract under DOE Acquisition Regulations Clause 970.5204-2 and DOE Policy 450.4, Safety Management System Policy.
Core Information Model: A Practical Solution to Costly Integration Problems
as a whole. Thus, an enterprise information model is critical to CIM. A missing element in many CIM, CIM-OSA [3]), which are recommended by international standards communities as an economical way is then fully engineered to integrate with a generic, basic CIM data model developed from industrial scenarios
Hsu, Cheng
Advanced Fuels for LWRs: Fully-Ceramic Microencapsulated and Related Concepts FY 2012 Interim Report
This report summarizes the progress in the Deep Burn project at Idaho National Laboratory during the first half of fiscal year 2012 (FY2012). The current focus of this work is on Fully-Ceramic Microencapsulated (FCM) fuel containing low-enriched uranium (LEU) uranium nitride (UN) fuel kernels. UO2 fuel kernels have not been ruled out, and will be examined as later work in FY2012. Reactor physics calculations confirmed that the FCM fuel containing 500 mm diameter kernels of UN fuel has positive MTC with a conventional fuel pellet radius of 4.1 mm. The methodology was put into place and validated against MCNP to perform whole-core calculations using DONJON, which can interpolate cross sections from a library generated using DRAGON. Comparisons to MCNP were performed on the whole core to confirm the accuracy of the DRAGON/DONJON schemes. A thermal fluid coupling scheme was also developed and implemented with DONJON. This is currently able to iterate between diffusion calculations and thermal fluid calculations in order to update fuel temperatures and cross sections in whole-core calculations. Now that the DRAGON/DONJON calculation capability is in place and has been validated against MCNP results, and a thermal-hydraulic capability has been implemented in the DONJON methodology, the work will proceed to more realistic reactor calculations. MTC calculations at the lattice level without the correct burnable poison are inadequate to guarantee zero or negative values in a realistic mode of operation. Using the DONJON calculation methodology described in this report, a startup core with enrichment zoning and burnable poisons will be designed. Larger fuel pins will be evaluated for their ability to (1) alleviate the problem of positive MTC and (2) increase reactivity-limited burnup. Once the critical boron concentration of the startup core is determined, MTC will be calculated to verify a non-positive value. If the value is positive, the design will be changed to require less soluble boron by, for example, increasing the reactivity hold-down by burnable poisons. Then, the whole core analysis will be repeated until an acceptable design is found. Calculations of departure from nucleate boiling ratio (DNBR) will be included in the safety evaluation as well. Once a startup core is shown to be viable, subsequent reloads will be simulated by shuffling fuel and introducing fresh fuel. The PASTA code has been updated with material properties of UN fuel from literature and a model for the diffusion and release of volatile fission products from the SiC matrix material . Preliminary simulations have been performed for both normal conditions and elevated temperatures. These results indicated that the fuel performs well and that the SiC matrix has a good retention of the fission products. The path forward for fuel performance work includes improvement of metallic fission product release from the kernel. Results should be considered preliminary and further validation is required.
R. Sonat Sen; Brian Boer; John D. Bess; Michael A. Pope; Abderrafi M. Ougouag
Los Alamos expertise integral to nuclear energy innovation hub
Nuclear energy innovation hub Los Alamos expertise integral to nuclear energy innovation hub The information gained through this effort will help extend the life and improve the...
Review of the Sodium Bearing Waste Treatment Project - Integrated...
IWTU Integrated Waste Treatment Unit LCO Limiting Condition for Operation LSS Life Safety Systems MSA Management Self-Assessment OFI Opportunity for Improvement ORR Operational...
IWTU Integrated Waste Treatment Unit LCO Limiting Condition for Operation LSS Life Safety Systems MSA Management Self-Assessment OFI Opportunity for Improvement OGC Off-Gas...
Integrated Sustainability Analysis of Atomic Layer Deposition for Microelectronics Manufacturing
of Manufacturing and Sustainability Improvement of Nano-Integrated Sustainability Analysis of Atomic Layergrowth at atomic scale. Sustainability of ALD technology
Yuan, Chris Yingchun; David Dornfeld
Power Electronic Thermal System Performance and Integration (Presentation)
Thermal control is a critical factor in power electronics equipment. NREL aims to integrate and improve thermal system performance in power electronics.
Bennion, K.
Stability of a fully magnetized ferromagnetic state in repulsively interacting ultracold Fermi gases
We construct a variational wave function to study whether a fully polarized Fermi sea of ultracold atoms is energetically stable against a single spin flip. Our variational wave function contains short-range correlations at least to the same level as Gutzwiller's projected wave function. For the Hubbard lattice model and the continuum model with pure repulsive interaction, we show that a fully polarized Fermi sea is generally unstable even for infinite repulsive strength. By contrast, for a resonance model, the ferromagnetic state is possible if the s-wave scattering length is positive and sufficiently large and the system is prepared to be orthogonal to the molecular bound state. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that more exotic correlations can destabilize the ferromagnetic state.
Cui Xiaoling [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute for Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190 (China); Zhai Hui [Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 (China)
Batteries on the battlefield developing a methodology to estimate the fully burdened cost of batteries in the Department of Defense .
??L), have developed methodologies to calculate the fully burdened cost of fuel as delivered energy in defense systems. Whereas these previous studies did not consider� (more)
Hughley, Anthony E.
Integration Of Safety Into The Design Process
STD-1189-2008 STD-1189-2008 March 2008 DOE STANDARD INTEGRATION OF SAFETY INTO THE DESIGN PROCESS U.S. Department of Energy AREA SAFT Washington, DC 20585 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. DOE-STD-1189-2008 Page ii This document is available on the Department of Energy Technical Standards Program Web Page at http://www.hss.energy.gov/nuclearsafety/techstds/ DOE-STD-1189-2008 Page iii PREFACE The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has approved this Standard for use by DOE and its contractors. In a memorandum to DOE elements, dated December 5, 2005, on integration of Safety-in- Design, the Deputy Secretary of Energy stated, "I expect safety to be fully integrated into design early in the project. Specifically, by the start of the preliminary design, I expect a hazard
Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) in the Residential Sector: An Analysis of Installed Rooftop System Prices
For more than 30 years, there have been strong efforts to accelerate the deployment of solar-electric systems by developing photovoltaic (PV) products that are fully integrated with building materials. This report examines the status of building-integrated PV (BIPV), with a focus on the cost drivers of residential rooftop systems, and explores key opportunities and challenges in the marketplace.
James, T.; Goodrich, A.; Woodhouse, M.; Margolis, R.; Ong, S.
OAK B204 The overall goal of this three-year research project was to develop a new scientific design of a compact modular 200 MWe and a full size 1200 MWe simplified boiling water reactors (SBWR). Specific objectives of this research were: (1) to perform scientific designs of the core neutronics and core thermal-hydraulics for a small capacity and full size simplified boiling water reactor, (2) to develop a passive safety system design, (3) improve and validate safety analysis code, (4) demonstrate experimentally and analytically all design functions of the safety systems for the design basis accidents (DBA) and (5) to develop the final scientific design of both SBWR systems, 200 MWe (SBWR-200) and 1200 MWe (SBWR-1200). The SBWR combines the advantages of design simplicity and completely passive safety systems. These advantages fit well within the objectives of NERI and the Department of Energy's focus on the development of Generation III and IV nuclear power. The 3-year research program was structured around seven tasks. Task 1 was to perform the preliminary thermal-hydraulic design. Task 2 was to perform the core neutronic design analysis. Task 3 was to perform a detailed scaling study and obtain corresponding PUMA conditions from an integral test. Task 4 was to perform integral tests and code evaluation for the DBA. Task 5 was to perform a safety analysis for the DBA. Task 6 was to perform a BWR stability analysis. Task 7 was to perform a final scientific design of the compact modular SBWR-200 and the full size SBWR-1200. A no cost extension for the third year was requested and the request was granted and all the project tasks were completed by April 2003. The design activities in tasks 1, 2, and 3 were completed as planned. The existing thermal-hydraulic information, core physics, and fuel lattice information was collected on the existing design of the simplified boiling water reactor. The thermal-hydraulic design were developed. Based on a detailed integral system scaling analysis, design parameters were obtained and designs of the compact modular 200 MWe SBWR and the full size 1200 MWe SBWR were developed. These reactors are provided with passive safety systems. A new passive vacuum breaker check valve was designed to replace the mechanical vacuum beaker check valve. The new vacuum breaker check valve was based on a hydrostatic head, and was fail safe. The performance of this new valve was evaluated both by the thermal-hydraulic code RELAP5 and by the experiments in a scaled SBWR facility, PUMA. In the core neutronic design a core depletion model was implemented to PARCS code. A lattice design for the SBWR fuel assemblies was performed. Design improvements were made to the neutronics/thermal-hydraulics models of SBWR-200 and SBWR-1200, and design analyses of these reactors were performed. The design base accident analysis and evaluation of all the passive safety systems were completed as scheduled in tasks 4 and 5. Initial conditions for the small break loss of coolant accidents (LOCA) and large break LOCA using REALP5 code were obtained. Small and large break LOCA tests were performed and the data was analyzed. An anticipated transient with scram was simulated using the RELAP5 code for SBWR-200. The transient considered was an accidental closure of the main steam isolation valve (MSIV), which was considered to be the most significant transient. The evaluation of the RELAP5 code against experimental data for SBWR-1200 was completed. In task 6, the instability analysis for the three SBWR designs (SBWR-1200, SBWR-600 and SBWR-200) were simulated for start-up transients and the results were similar. Neither the geysering instability, nor the loop type instability was predicted by RAMONA-4B in the startup simulation following the recommended procedure by GE. The density wave oscillation was not observed at all because the power level used in the simulation was not high enough. A study was made of the potential instabilities by imposing an unrealistically high power ramp in a short time period, as suggested by GE. RAMON
M. Ishii; S. T. Revankar; T. Downar; Y. Xu, H. J. Yoon; D. Tinkler; U. S. Rohatgi
A 12b, 50 MS/s, Fully Differential Zero-Crossing Based Pipelined ADC
Zero-crossing based switch capacitor circuits have been introduced as alternatives to op-amp based circuits for eased design considerations and improved power efficiency. This work further improves the resolution, power ...
Brooks, Lane
Integrated Designs to Integrated Operations using BMS
Integrated Designs to Integrated Operations using BMS Speaker(s): Punit Desai Date: February 6, 2013 - 12:15pm Location: 90-3122 Seminar HostPoint of Contact: Girish Ghatikar The...
Long-term comparison of dissolution behavior between fully radioactive and simulated nuclear waste glasses
The behavior of radioactive sludge-based and simulated nuclear waste glasses has been compared by long-term testing of radioactive and simulated compositions of Savannah River Laboratory 165, 131, and 200 glasses. Static tests at glass surface area-to-solution volume (SA/V) ratios of 340 and 2000 m[sup [minus]1] up to 720 days show little difference in reactivity between radioactive and simulated waste glasses. The same leach trends are observed for both glass types. The differences in reactivity at an SA/V of 2000 m[sup [minus]1] or below are not large enough to alter the order of glass durability for the different compositions nor to change the controlling glass dissolution processes. The small differences in reactivity between fully radioactive and simulated glasses can reasonably be explained if the controlling reaction process and leachate pH values are accounted for. However, at an SA/V of 20,000 m[sup [minus]1], the simulated nuclear waste glass, 200S, leaches faster than the corresponding radioactive glass by a factor of 40 within 1 yr. The accelerated reaction with the simulated glass 200S is associated with the formation of crystalline phases such as clinoptilolite (or K-feldspar), and a pH excursion. The radiation field generated by the fully radioactive glass reduces the solution pH, which, in turn, may retard the onset of the increased reaction rate. This result suggests that the fully radioactive nuclear waste glass 200R may be substantially more durable than the simulated 200S glass if the lower pH in the 200R leachate can be sustained. Meaningful comparison tests between radioactive and simulated nuclear waste glasses should include long-term and high SA/V tests.
Feng, Xiangdong; Bates, J.K.; Buck, E.C.; Bradley, C.R.; Gong, Meiling (Argonne National Lab., Argonne, IL (United States))
NREL: Electricity Integration Research - Webmaster
Webmaster Webmaster Please enter your name and email address in the boxes provided, then type your message below. When you are finished, click "Send Message." NOTE: If you enter your e-mail address incorrectly, we will be unable to reply. Your name: Your email address: Your message: Send Message Printable Version Electricity Integration Research Home Distributed Grid Integration Transmission Grid Integration Facilities Working with Us Did you find what you needed? Yes 1 No 0 Thank you for your feedback. Would you like to take a moment to tell us how we can improve this page? Submit We value your feedback. Thanks! We've received your feedback. Something went wrong. Please try again later. NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
Associated Higgs-W-Boson Production at Hadron Colliders: A Fully Exclusive QCD Calculation at NNLO
We consider QCD radiative corrections to standard model Higgs-boson production in association with a W boson in hadron collisions. We present a fully exclusive calculation up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD perturbation theory. To perform this NNLO computation, we use a recently proposed version of the subtraction formalism. Our calculation includes finite-width effects, the leptonic decay of the W boson with its spin correlations, and the decay of the Higgs boson into a bb pair. We present selected numerical results at the Tevatron and the LHC.
Ferrera, Giancarlo [Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universita di Firenze and INFN, Sezione di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence (Italy); Grazzini, Massimiliano [Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet Zuerich, CH-8057 Zuerich (Switzerland); Tramontano, Francesco [Theory Group, Physics Department, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland)
Optimal Portfolio-Consumption with Habit Formation and Partial Observations: The Fully Explicit Solutions Approach
We consider a model of optimal investment and consumption with both habit-formation and partial observations in incomplete Ito processes markets. The individual investor develops addictive consumption habits gradually while he can only observe the market stock prices but not the instantaneous rates of return, which follow Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. Applying the Kalman-Bucy filtering theorem and Dynamic Programming arguments, we solve the associated HJB equation fully explicitly for this path dependent stochastic control problem in the case of power utility preferences. We will provide the optimal investment and consumption policies in explicit feedback forms using rigorous verification arguments.
Yu, Xiang
Spatially resolved measurements of fully ionized low-Z impurities in the PDX tokamak
Fully ionized oxygen and carbon in PDX plasmas are detected via charge-exchange recombination reactions between the impurities and hydrogen atoms from a low-power neutral beam. The C/sup 6 +/ and O/sup 8 +/ ions are observed out to radii beyond the limiter, which is in contrast to expectations based on coronal equilibrium but consistent with a simple diffusive transport model. Central values of Z/sub eff/ obtained with these measurements agree with values obtained from plasma resistivity and visible bremsstrahlung measurements.
Fonck, R.J.; Finkenthal, M.; Goldston, R.J.; Herndon, D.L.; Hulse, R.A.; Kaita, R.; Meyerhofer, D.D.
Phenomenology Studies Using a Scanning Fully Polarimetric Passive W-Band Millimeter Wave Imager
We present experimental results obtained from a scanning passive W-band fully polarimetric imager. In addition to a conventional approach to polarimetric image analysis in which the Stokes I, Q, U, and V images were formed and displayed, we present an alternative method for polarimetric image exploitation based upon multivariate image analysis (MIA). MIA uses principal component analysis (PCA) and 2D scatter or score plots to identify various pixel classes in the image compared with the more conventional scene-based image analysis approaches. Multivariate image decomposition provides a window into the complementary interplay between spatial and statistical correlations contained in the data.
Bernacki, Bruce E.; Kelly, James F.; Sheen, David M.; McMakin, Douglas L.; Tedeschi, Jonathan R.; Hall, Thomas E.; Hatchell, Brian K.; Valdez, Patrick LJ
Just build it! : a fully functional concept vehicle using robotic wheels
Interest in electric vehicle drive units is resurging with the proliferation of hybrid and electric vehicles. Currently emerging key-technologies are: in-wheel motors, electric braking, integrated steering activators and ...
Schmitt, Peter, S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Economic Improvement Districts (Indiana) | Department of Energy
Improvement Districts (Indiana) Improvement Districts (Indiana) Economic Improvement Districts (Indiana) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Construction Fuel Distributor Industrial Installer/Contractor Investor-Owned Utility Local Government Municipal/Public Utility Retail Supplier Rural Electric Cooperative State/Provincial Govt Systems Integrator Transportation Tribal Government Utility Savings Category Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Buying & Making Electricity Water Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Indiana Program Type Bond Program Industry Recruitment/Support Provider Indiana Economic Development Corporation A legislative body may adopt an ordinance establishing an economic improvement district and an Economic Improvement Board to manage development in a respective district. The Board can choose to issue revenue
Secretarial Memorandum on Integrating Project Management with NEPA
Secretarial Memorandum on Integrating Project Management with NEPA Secretarial Memorandum on Integrating Project Management with NEPA Compliance to Improve Decision Making Secretarial Memorandum on Integrating Project Management with NEPA Compliance to Improve Decision Making June 12, 2012 - 4:14pm Addthis Declaring that "Compliance with [NEPA] is a pre-requisite to successful implementation of DOE programs and projects," the Secretary has signed a memorandum on "Improved Decision Making through the Integration of Program and Project Management with National Environmental Policy Act Compliance." The memo urges better use of existing tools and guidance, and highlights principles for strengthening NEPA compliance - for example, through Field and Headquarters teamwork, realistic schedules, and performance
Fully coherent follow-up of continuous gravitational-wave candidates
The search for continuous gravitational waves from unknown isolated sources is computationally limited due to the enormous parameter space that needs to be covered and the weakness of the expected signals. Therefore semi-coherent search strategies have been developed and applied in distributed computing environments such as Einstein@Home, in order to narrow down the parameter space and identify interesting candidates. However, in order to optimally confirm or dismiss a candidate as a possible gravitational-wave signal, a fully-coherent follow-up using all the available data is required. We present a general method and implementation of a direct (2-stage) transition to a fully-coherent follow-up on semi-coherent candidates. This method is based on a grid-less Mesh Adaptive Direct Search (MADS) algorithm using the F-statistic. We demonstrate the detection power and computing cost of this follow-up procedure using extensive Monte-Carlo simulations on (simulated) semi-coherent candidates from a directed as well a...
Shaltev, Miroslav
The search for continuous gravitational waves from unknown isolated sources is computationally limited due to the enormous parameter space that needs to be covered and the weakness of the expected signals. Therefore semi-coherent search strategies have been developed and applied in distributed computing environments such as Einstein@Home, in order to narrow down the parameter space and identify interesting candidates. However, in order to optimally confirm or dismiss a candidate as a possible gravitational-wave signal, a fully-coherent follow-up using all the available data is required. We present a general method and implementation of a direct (2-stage) transition to a fully-coherent follow-up on semi-coherent candidates. This method is based on a grid-less Mesh Adaptive Direct Search (MADS) algorithm using the F-statistic. We demonstrate the detection power and computing cost of this follow-up procedure using extensive Monte-Carlo simulations on (simulated) semi-coherent candidates from a directed as well as from an all-sky search setup.
Miroslav Shaltev; Reinhard Prix
Technique for the experimental estimation of nonlinear energy transfer in fully developed turbulence
A new procedure for calculating the nonlinear energy transfer and linear growth/damping rate of fully developed turbulence is derived. It avoids the unphysically large damping rates typically obtained using the predecessor method of Ritz [Ch. P. Ritz, E. J. Powers, and R. D. Bengtson, Phys. Fluids B {bold 1}, 153 (1989)]. It enforces stationarity of the turbulence to reduce the effects of noise and fluctuations not described by the basic governing equation, and includes the fourth-order moment to avoid the closure approximation. The new procedure has been implemented and tested on simulated, fully developed two-dimensional (2-D) turbulence data from a 2-D trapped-particle fluid code, and has been shown to give excellent reconstructions of the input growth rate and nonlinear coupling coefficients with good noise rejection. However, in the experimentally important case where only a one-dimensional (1-D) averaged representation of the underlying 2-D turbulence is available, this technique does not, in general, give acceptable results. A new 1-D algorithm has thus been developed for analysis of 1-D measurements of intrinsically 2-D turbulence. This new 1-D algorithm includes the nonresonant wave numbers in calculating the bispectra, and generally gives useful results when the width of the radial wave number spectrum is comparable to or less than that of the poloidal spectrum. {copyright} {ital 1996 American Institute of Physics.}
Kim, J.S.; Durst, R.D.; Fonck, R.J. [Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (United States)] [Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (United States); Fernandez, E.; Ware, A.; Terry, P.W. [Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (United States)] [Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (United States)
Mass Market Demand Response and Variable Generation Integration Issues: A
Mass Market Demand Response and Variable Generation Integration Issues: A Mass Market Demand Response and Variable Generation Integration Issues: A Scoping Study Title Mass Market Demand Response and Variable Generation Integration Issues: A Scoping Study Publication Type Report Refereed Designation Unknown Year of Publication 2011 Authors Cappers, Peter, Andrew D. Mills, Charles A. Goldman, Ryan H. Wiser, and Joseph H. Eto Pagination 76 Date Published 10/2011 Publisher LBNL City Berkeley Keywords demand response, electricity markets and policy group, energy analysis and environmental impacts department, renewable generation integration, smart grid Abstract The penetration of renewable generation technology (e.g., wind, solar) is expected to dramatically increase in the United States during the coming years as many states are implementing policies to expand this sector through regulation and/or legislation. It is widely understood, though, that large scale deployment of certain renewable energy sources, namely wind and solar, poses system integration challenges because of its variable and often times unpredictable production characteristics (NERC, 2009). Strategies that rely on existing thermal generation resources and improved wind and solar energy production forecasts to manage this variability are currently employed by bulk power system operators, although a host of additional options are envisioned for the near future. Demand response (DR), when properly designed, could be a viable resource for managing many of the system balancing issues associated with integrating large-scale variable generation (VG) resources (NERC, 2009). However, demand-side options would need to compete against strategies already in use or contemplated for the future to integrate larger volumes of wind and solar generation resources. Proponents of smart grid (of which Advanced Metering Infrastructure or AMI is an integral component) assert that the technologies associated with this new investment can facilitate synergies and linkages between demand-side management and bulk power system needs. For example, smart grid proponents assert that system-wide implementation of advanced metering to mass market customers (i.e., residential and small commercial customers) as part of a smart grid deployment enables a significant increase in demand response capability.1 Specifically, the implementation of AMI allows electricity consumption information to be captured, stored and utilized at a highly granular level (e.g., 15-60 minute intervals in most cases) and provides an opportunity for utilities and public policymakers to more fully engage electricity customers in better managing their own usage through time-based rates and near-real time feedback to customers on their usage patterns while also potentially improving the management of the bulk power system. At present, development of time-based rates and demand response programs and the installation of variable generation resources are moving forward largely independent of each other in state and regional regulatory and policy forums and without much regard to the complementary nature of their operational characteristics.2 By 2020, the electric power sector is expected to add ~65 million advanced meters3 (which would reach ~47% of U.S. households) as part of smart grid and AMI4 deployments (IEE, 2010) and add ~40-80 GW of wind and solar capacity (EIA, 2010). Thus, in this scoping study, we focus on a key question posed by policymakers: what role can the smart grid (and its associated enabling technology) play over the next 5-10 years in helping to integrate greater penetration of variable generation resources by providing mass market customers with greater access to demand response opportunities? There is a well-established body of research that examines variable generation integration issues as well as demand response potential, but the nexus between the two has been somewhat neglected by the industry. The studies that have been conducted are informative concerning what could be accomplished with strong broad-based support for the expansion of demand response opportunities, but typically do not discuss the many barriers that stand in the way of reaching this potential. This study examines how demand side resources could be used to integrate wind and solar resources in the bulk power system, identifies barriers that currently limit the use of demand side strategies, and suggests several factors that should be considered in assessing alternative strategies that can be employed to integrate wind and solar resources in the bulk power system. It is difficult to properly gauge the role that DR could play in managing VG integration issues in the near future without acknowledging and understanding the entities and institutions that govern the interactions between variable generation and mass market customers (see Figure ES-1). Retail entities, like load-serving entities (LSE) and aggregators of retail customers (ARC), harness the demand response opportunities of mass market customers through tariffs (and DR programs) that are approved by state regulatory agencies or local governing entities (in the case of public power). The changes in electricity consumption induced by DR as well as the changes in electricity production due to the variable nature of wind and solar generation technologies is jointly managed by bulk power system operators. Bulk power system operators function under tariffs approved by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and must operate their systems in accordance with rules set by regional reliability councils. These reliability rules are derived from enforceable standards that are set by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) and approved by federal regulators. Thus, the role that DR can play in managing VG integration issues is contingent on what opportunities state and local regulators are willing to approve and how customers' response to the DR opportunities can be integrated into the bulk power system both electrically (due to reliability rules) and financially (due to market rules).
Linking quality improvement and energy efficiency/waste reduction
For some time industry has recognized the importance of both energy efficiency/waste reduction (ee/wr) and quality/manufacturing improvement. However, industry has not particularly recognized that manufacturing efficiency is, in part, the result of a more efficient use of energy. For that reason, the energy efficiency efforts of most companies have involved admonishing employees to save energy. Few organizations have invested resources in training programs aimed at increasing energy efficiency and reducing waste. This describes a program to demonstrate how existing utility and government training and incentive programs can be leveraged to increase ee/wr and benefit both industry and consumers. Fortunately, there are a variety of training tools and resources that can be applied to educating workers on the benefits of energy efficiency and waste reduction. What is lacking is a method of integrating ee/wr training with other important organizational needs. The key, therefore, is to leverage ee/wr investments with other organizational improvement programs. There are significant strides to be made by training industry to recognize fully the contribution that energy efficiency gains make to the bottom line. The federal government stands in the unique position of being able to leverage the investments already made by states, utilities, and manufacturing associations by coordinating training programs and defining the contribution of energy-efficiency practices. These aims can be accomplished by: developing better measures of energy efficiency and waste reduction; promoting methods of leveraging manufacturing efficiency programs with energy efficiency concepts; helping industry understand how ee/wr investments can increase profits; promoting research on the needs of, and most effective ways to, reach the small and medium-sized businesses that so often lack the time, information, and finances to effectively use the hardware and training technologies available.
Lewis, R.E.; Moore, N.L.
DOE Secretarial Memorandum on Improved Decision Making through the
Memorandum on Improved Decision Making through the Memorandum on Improved Decision Making through the Integration of Program and Project Management with National Environmental Policy Act Compliance DOE Secretarial Memorandum on Improved Decision Making through the Integration of Program and Project Management with National Environmental Policy Act Compliance Declaring that "Compliance with [NEPA] is a pre-requisite to successful implementation of DOE programs and projects," the Secretary has signed a memorandum on "Improved Decision Making through the Integration of Program and Project Management with National Environmental Policy Act Compliance." The memo urges better use of existing tools and guidance, and highlights principles for strengthening NEPA compliance - for example, through Field
Vacancies in fully hydrogenated boron nitride layer: implications for functional nanodevices
Using density functional theory, a series of calculations of structural and electronic properties of hydrogen vacancies in a fully hydrogenated boron nitride (fH-BN) layer were conducted. By dehydrogenating the fH-BN structure, B-terminated vacancies can be created which induce complete spin polarization around the Fermi level, irrespective of the vacancy size. On the contrary, the fH-BN structure with N-terminated vacancies can be a small-gap semiconductor, a typical spin gapless semiconductor, or a metal depending on the vacancy size. Utilizing such vacancy-induced band gap and magnetism changes, possible applications in spintronics are proposed, and a special fH-BN based quantum dot device is designed.
Zhou, Yungang; Wang, Zhiguo; Nie, JL; Yang, Ping; Sun, Xin; Khaleel, Mohammad A.; Zu, Xiaotao; Gao, Fei
An Efficient Method for Fully Relativistic Simulations of Coalescing Binary Neutron Stars
The merger of two neutron stars has been proposed as a source of gamma-ray bursts, r-process elements, and detectable gravitational waves. Extracting information from observations of these phenomena requires fully relativistic simulations. Unfortunately, the only demonstrated method for stably evolving neutron stars requires solving elliptic equations at each time step, adding substantially to the computational resources required. In this paper we present a simpler, more efficient method. The key insight is in how we apply numerical diffusion. We perform a number of tests to validate the method and our implementation. We also carry out a very rough simulation of coalescence and extraction of the gravitational waves to show that the method is viable if realistic initial data are provided.
Walter Landry; Saul A. Teukolsky
cuInspiral: prototype gravitational waves detection pipeline fully coded on GPU using CUDA
In this paper we report the prototype of the first coalescing binary detection pipeline fully implemented on NVIDIA GPU hardware accelerators. The code has been embedded in a GPU library, called cuInspiral and has been developed under CUDA framework. The library contains for example a PN gravitational wave signal generator, matched filtering/FFT and detection algorithms that have been profiled and compared with the corresponding CPU code with dedicated benchmark in order to provide gain factor respect to the standard CPU implementation. In the paper we present performances and accuracy results about some of the main important elements of the pipeline, demonstrating the feasibility and the chance of obtain an impressive computing gain from these new many-core architectures in the perspective of the second and third generations of gravitational wave detectors.
Leone B. Bosi
Assessing the Vulnerability of Large Critical Infrastructure Using Fully-Coupled Blast Effects Modeling
Structural failures, such as the MacArthur Maze I-880 overpass in Oakland, California and the I-35 bridge in Minneapolis, Minnesota, are recent examples of our national infrastructure's fragility and serve as an important reminder of such infrastructure in our everyday lives. These two failures, as well as the World Trade Center's collapse and the levee failures in New Orleans, highlight the national importance of protecting our infrastructure as much as possible against acts of terrorism and natural hazards. This paper describes a process for evaluating the vulnerability of critical infrastructure to large blast loads using a fully-coupled finite element approach. A description of the finite element software and modeling technique is discussed along with the experimental validation of the numerical tools. We discuss how such an approach can be used for specific problems such as modeling the progressive collapse of a building.
McMichael, L D; Noble, C R; Margraf, J D; Glascoe, L G
Bosi, Leone B
Fluid preconditioning for Newton-Krylov-based, fully implicit, electrostatic particle-in-cell simulations
A recent proof-of-principle study proposes an energy- and charge-conserving, nonlinearly implicit electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithm in one dimension [Chen et al, J. Comput. Phys., 230 (2011) 7018]. The algorithm in the reference employs an unpreconditioned Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov method, which ensures nonlinear convergence at every timestep (resolving the dynamical timescale of interest). Kinetic enslavement, which is one key component of the algorithm, not only enables fully implicit PIC a practical approach, but also allows preconditioning the kinetic solver with a fluid approximation. This study proposes such a preconditioner, in which the linearized moment equations are closed with moments computed from particles. Effective acceleration of the linear GMRES solve is demonstrated, on both uniform and non-uniform meshes. The algorithm performance is largely insensitive to the electron-ion mass ratio. Numerical experiments are performed on a 1D multi-scale ion acoustic wave test problem.
Chen, Guangye; Leibs, Christopher A; Knoll, Dana A; Taitano, William
Stress intensity magnification factors for fully circumferential cracks in valve bodies (thick cylinders)
The stress intensity solutions presented herein were obtained using an energy method in conjunction with a two-dimensional finite element program in order to explicitly account for curvature effect for fully circumferential cracks. The magnification factors for a specific crack depth were calculated by successively loading the crack surface by a uniform, linear, quadratic, and a cubic loading distribution. The magnification factors can be used to calculate the stress intensity factors by superposition method. The functions for each load condition in terms of radius to thickness ratio (R/t) and a fractional distance in terms of crack depth to thickness ratio (a/t) were developed. The validity of these functions is R/t = 1.5 to 10.0 and for 0.0125 {le} a/t {le} 0.8125. The functions agree to within 1% of the finite elements solutions for most magnification factors.
Toor, P.M.
Identification of intermittent multi-fractal turbulence in fully kinetic simulations of magnetic reconnection
Recent fully nonlinear, kinetic three-dimensional simulations of magnetic reconnection [Daughton et al. 2011] evolve structures and exhibit dynamics on multiple scales, in a manner reminiscent of turbulence. These simulations of reconnection are among the first to be performed at sufficient spatio-temporal resolution to allow formal quantitative analysis of statistical scaling which we present here. We find that the magnetic field fluctuations generated by reconnection are anisotropic, have non-trivial spatial correlation and exhibit the hallmarks of finite range fluid turbulence; they have non-Gaussian distributions, exhibit Extended Self-Similarity in their scaling and are spatially multifractal. Furthermore, we find that the field J.E is also multifractal, so that magnetic energy is converted to plasma kinetic energy in a manner that is spatially intermittent. This suggests that dissipation in this sense in collisionless reconnection on kinetic scales has an analogue in fluid-like turbulent phenomenology, ...
Leonardis, E; Daughton, W; Roytershteyn, V; Karimabadi, H
Double Barrier Resonant Tunneling Transistor with a Fully Two Dimensional Emitter
A novel planar resonant tunneling transistor is demonstrated. The growth structure is similar to that of a double-barrier resonant tunneling diode (RTD), except for a fully two-dimensional (2D) emitter formed by a quantum well. Current is fed laterally into the emitter, and the 2D--2D resonant tunneling current is controlled by a surface gate. This unique device structure achieves figures-of-merit, i.e. peak current densities and peak voltages, approaching that of state-of-the-art RTDs. Most importantly, sensitive control of the peak current and voltage is achieved by gating of the emitter quantum well subband energy. This quantum tunneling transistor shows exceptional promise for ultra-high speed and multifunctional operation at room temperature.
Improved medical implants comes from nanostructuring
Improved medical implants comes from nanostructuring Improved medical implants comes from nanostructuring Improved medical implants comes from nanostructuring Together, LANL and Russia institutes modify metals to better match and integrate, or bond, with human bone tissue. April 3, 2012 Improved medical implants comes from nanostructuring In addition to possessing strength beyond what is possible in conventional pure metals, Biotanium(tm) has also been optimized for integration with living bone. Scientific studies of the attachment and growth of bone cells on Biotanium(tm) consistently show that these cells adhere better and grow significantly faster -- up to 20 times faster. ...nanostructuring remarkably improves other metal properties, including strength, cyclic load resistance, corrosion resistance, machinability, and
Structure and Formation of an Annular Hurricane Simulated in a Fully Compressible, Nonhydrostatic Model�TCM4
The structure and formation of an annular hurricane simulated in a fully compressible, nonhydrostatic tropical cyclone model�TCM4�are analyzed. The model is initialized with an axisymmetric vortex on an f plane in a quiescent environment, and ...
Yuqing Wang
Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Digital Single Event Transients in a 180-nm Fully Depleted SOI Process
Effects of ionizing radiation on single event transients are reported for Fully Depleted SOI (FDSOI) technology using experiments and simulations. Logic circuits, i.e. CMOS inverter chains, were irradiated with cobalt-60 ...
Keast, Craig L.
Fully Nonlinear Statistics of Wave Crest Elevation Calculated Using a Spectral Response Surface Method: Applications to Unidirectional Sea States
This paper concerns the calculation of the probability of exceedance of wave crest elevation. The statistics have been calculated for broadbanded, unidirectional, deep-water sea states by incorporating a fully nonlinear wave model into a spectral ...
R. S. Gibson; C. Swan; P. S. Tromans
Waste Management Process Improvement Project
The Bechtel Hanford-led Environmental Restoration Contractor team's Waste Management Process Improvement Project is working diligently with the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Richland Operations Office to improve the waste management process to meet DOE's need for an efficient, cost-effective program for the management of dangerous, low-level and mixed-low-level waste. Additionally the program must meet all applicable regulatory requirements. The need for improvement was highlighted when a change in the Groundwater/Vadose Zone Integration Project's waste management practices resulted in a larger amount of waste being generated than the waste management organization had been set up to handle.
Atwood, J.; Borden, G.; Rangel, G. R.
TWENTIES Project: Improving the Integration of Renewable Energy...
widespread use of IT. This situation will lead, presumably, to a higher volatility in electricity generation and consumption, and as a consequence, transmission and...
Survey Report: Improving Integration of Program Management and Systems Engineering
For�many�years,�a�cultural�barrier�has�existed�between�practitioners�of�systems�engineering�and�of�program�management.��Some�systems�engineers�and�program�managers�have�developed�the�mindset�that�their�work�activities�ar ...
Conforto, Edivandro
Integrated Boiler Tube Failure Reduction/Cycle Chemistry Improvement Program
Boiler tube failures (BTF) and cycle chemistry corrosion and deposition problems remain the leading causes of availability losses in fossil-fired steam plants worldwide. This report describes techniques developed during a 20-year EPRI project to assist utilities in substantially reducing availability and performance losses due to these problems.
Wind Integration Study Methods (Presentation)
This presentation provides an overview of common elements, differences, integration costs, and errors in integration analysis.
Milligan, M.; Kirby, B.
Energy Systems Integration
Systems Integration Systems Integration Ben Kroposki, PhD, PE Director, Energy Systems Integration National Renewable Energy Laboratory 2 Reducing investment risk and optimizing systems in a rapidly changing energy world * Increasing penetration of variable RE in grid * Increasing ultra high energy efficiency buildings and controllable loads * New data, information, communications and controls * Electrification of transportation and alternative fuels * Integrating energy storage (stationary and mobile) and thermal storage * Interactions between electricity/thermal/fuels/data pathways * Increasing system flexibility and intelligence Current Energy Systems Future Energy Systems Why Energy Systems Integration? 3 Energy Systems Integration Continuum Scale Appliance (Plug)
Gated integrator with signal baseline subtraction
An ultrafast, high precision gated integrator includes an opamp having differential inputs. A signal to be integrated is applied to one of the differential inputs through a first input network, and a signal indicative of the DC offset component of the signal to be integrated is applied to the other of the differential inputs through a second input network. A pair of electronic switches in the first and second input networks define an integrating period when they are closed. The first and second input networks are substantially symmetrically constructed of matched components so that error components introduced by the electronic switches appear symmetrically in both input circuits and, hence, are nullified by the common mode rejection of the integrating opamp. The signal indicative of the DC offset component is provided by a sample and hold circuit actuated as the integrating period begins. The symmetrical configuration of the integrating circuit improves accuracy and speed by balancing out common mode errors, by permitting the use of high speed switching elements and high speed opamps and by permitting the use of a small integrating time constant. The sample and hold circuit substantially eliminates the error caused by the input signal baseline offset during a single integrating window.
Wang, Xucheng (Lisle, IL)
An ultrafast, high precision gated integrator includes an opamp having differential inputs. A signal to be integrated is applied to one of the differential inputs through a first input network, and a signal indicative of the DC offset component of the signal to be integrated is applied to the other of the differential inputs through a second input network. A pair of electronic switches in the first and second input networks define an integrating period when they are closed. The first and second input networks are substantially symmetrically constructed of matched components so that error components introduced by the electronic switches appear symmetrically in both input circuits and, hence, are nullified by the common mode rejection of the integrating opamp. The signal indicative of the DC offset component is provided by a sample and hold circuit actuated as the integrating period begins. The symmetrical configuration of the integrating circuit improves accuracy and speed by balancing out common mode errors, by permitting the use of high speed switching elements and high speed opamps and by permitting the use of a small integrating time constant. The sample and hold circuit substantially eliminates the error caused by the input signal baseline offset during a single integrating window. 5 figs.
Wang, X.
NREL: Wind Research - Utility Grid Integration Assessment
Utility Grid Integration Assessment Utility Grid Integration Assessment Photo of large power transmission towers set against a sunset. The national need for transmission improvements will have a direct impact on the effective use of renewable energy sources such as wind. For wind energy to play a larger role in supplying the nation's energy needs, integrating wind energy into the power grid of the United States is an important challenge to address. NREL's transmission grid integration staff collaborates with utility industry partners and provides data, analysis, and techniques to increase utility understanding of integration issues and confidence in the reliability of new wind turbines. For more information, contact Brian Parsons at 303-384-6958. Printable Version Wind Research Home Capabilities
Systems Integration Division Homepage
... systems integration and engineering, life cycle assessment, cyber-physical systems, productivity measurement, sustainability and energy efficiency. ...
Regeneration characteristics of adsorbent in the integrated desiccant/collector
This study presents a solar desiccant system using an adsorbent in an integrated desiccant/solar collector that uses direct solar energy as a heat source for efficient regeneration of the adsorbent. The objective of this study is to investigate an integrated desiccant/collector in which the adsorbent absorbs solar radiation fully and is heated for regeneration. Another objective is to obtain the regeneration characteristics in the equipment proposed by both experiments and simulations. Throughout this study, silica gel is used as the adsorbent.
Saito, Y. (Osaka Inst. of Technology (Japan). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering)
Dynamics of coronal rain and descending plasma blobs in solar prominences: I. Fully ionised case
Observations of active regions and limb prominences often show cold, dense blobs descending with an acceleration smaller than that of free fall. The dynamics of these condensations falling in the solar corona is investigated in this paper using a simple fully ionised plasma model. We find that the presence of a heavy condensation gives rise to a dynamical rearrangement of the coronal pressure that results in the formation of a large pressure gradient that opposes gravity. Eventually this pressure gradient becomes so large that the blob acceleration vanishes or even points upwards. Then, the blob descent is characterised by an initial acceleration phase followed by an essentially constant velocity phase. These two stages can be identified in published time-distance diagrams of coronal rain events. Both the duration of the first stage and the velocity attained by the blob increase for larger values of the ratio of blob to coronal density, for larger blob mass, and for smaller coronal temperature. Dense blobs ar...
Oliver, R; Terradas, J; Zaqarashvili, T V; Khodachenko, M L
SNMSP II: A system to fully automate special nuclear materials accountability reporting for electric utilities
The USNRC requires each licensee who is authorized to possess Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) to prepare and submit reports concerning SNM received, produced, possessed, transferred, consumed, disposed of, or lost. These SNM accountability reports, which need to be submitted twice a year, contain detailed information on the origin, quantity, and type of SNM for several locations. The amount of detail required makes these reports very time consuming and error prone when prepared manually. Yankee Atomic is developing an IBM PC-based computer code that fully automates the process of generating SNM accountability reports. The program, called SNMSP II, prints a number of summaries including facsimiles of the NRC/DOE-741, 742, 742C, and RW-859 reports in a format that can be submitted directly to the NRC/DOE. SNMSP II is menu-driven and is especially designed for people with little or no computer training. Input can be either from a mainframe-based corporate data base or manually through user-friendly screens. In addition, extensive quality assurance features are available to ensure the security and accuracy of the data. This paper discusses the major features of the code and describes its implementation at Yankee.
Pareto, V.; Venegas, R.
Electronic structure of fully epitaxial Co2TiSn thin films
In this article we report on the properties of thin films of the full Heusler compound Co{sub 2}TiSn prepared by DC magnetron co-sputtering. Fully epitaxial, stoichiometric films were obtained by deposition on MgO (001) substrates at substrate temperatures above 600 C. The films are well ordered in the L2{sub 1} structure, and the Curie temperature exceeds slightly the bulk value. They show a significant, isotropic magnetoresistance and the resistivity becomes strongly anomalous in the paramagnetic state. The films are weakly ferrimagnetic, with nearly 1 {mu}{sub B} on the Co atoms, and a small antiparallel Ti moment, in agreement with theoretical expectations. From comparison of x-ray absorption spectra on the Co L{sub 3,2} edges, including circular and linear magnetic dichroism, with ab initio calculations of the x-ray absorption and circular dichroism spectra we infer that the electronic structure of Co{sub 2}TiSn has essentially non-localized character. Spectral features that have not been explained in detail before, are explained here in terms of the final state band structure.
Meinert, Markus; Schmalhorst, Jan; Wulfmeier, Hendrik; Reiss, Gunter; Arenholz, Elke; Graf, Tanja; Felser, Claudia
A fully covariant mean-field dynamo closure for numerical 3+1 resistive GRMHD
The powerful high-energy phenomena typically encountered in astrophysics invariably involve physical engines, like neutron stars and black hole accretion disks, characterized by a combination of highly magnetized plasmas, strong gravitational fields, and relativistic motions. In recent years numerical schemes for General Relativistic MHD (GRMHD) have been developed to model the multidimensional dynamics of such systems, including the possibility of an evolving spacetime. Such schemes have been also extended beyond the ideal limit including the effects of resistivity, in an attempt to model dissipative physical processes acting on small scales (sub-grid effects) over the global dynamics. Along the same lines, magnetic fields could be amplified by the presence of turbulent dynamo processes, as often invoked to explain the high values of magnetization required in accretion disks and neutron stars. Here we present, for the first time, a further extension to include the possibility of a mean-field dynamo action within the framework of numerical 3+1 (resistive) GRMHD. A fully covariant dynamo closure is proposed, in analogy with the classical theory, assuming a simple alpha-effect in the comoving frame. Its implementation into a finite-difference scheme for GRMHD in dynamical spacetimes [the X-ECHO code: (Bucciantini and Del Zanna 2011)] is described, and a set of numerical test is presented and compared with analytical solutions wherever possible.
N. Bucciantini; L. Del Zanna
Fully Nonlinear Edge Gyrokinetic Simulations of Kinetic Geodesic-Acoustic Modes and Boundary Flows
We present edge gyrokinetic neoclassical simulations of tokamak plasmas using the fully nonlinear (full-f) continuum code TEMPEST. A nonlinear Boltzmann model is used for the electrons. The electric field is obtained by solving the 2D gyrokinetic Poisson Equation. We demonstrate the following: (1) High harmonic resonances (n > 2) significantly enhance geodesic-acoustic mode (GAM) damping at high-q (tokamak safety factor), and are necessary to explain both the damping observed in our TEMPEST q-scans and experimental measurements of the scaling of the GAM amplitude with edge q{sub 95} in the absence of obvious evidence that there is a strong q dependence of the turbulent drive and damping of the GAM. (2) The kinetic GAM exists in the edge for steep density and temperature gradients in the form of outgoing waves, its radial scale is set by the ion temperature profile, and ion temperature inhomogeneity is necessary for GAM radial propagation. (3) The development of the neoclassical electric field evolves through different phases of relaxation, including GAMs, their radial propagation, and their long-time collisional decay. (4) Natural consequences of orbits in the pedestal and scrape-off layer region in divertor geometry are substantial non-Maxwellian ion distributions and flow characteristics qualitatively like those observed in experiments.
Xu, X Q; Belli, E; Bodi, K; Candy, J; Chang, C S; Cohen, B I; Cohen, R H; Colella, P; Dimits, A M; Dorr, M R; Gao, Z; Hittinger, J A; Ko, S; Krasheninnikov, S; McKee, G R; Nevins, W M; Rognlien, T D; Snyder, P B; Suh, J; Umansky, M V
Until today, the small size of magnetic elements in quiet-Sun areas has required the application of indirect methods, such as the line-ratio technique or multi-component inversions, to infer their physical properties. A consistent match to the observed Stokes profiles could only be obtained by introducing a magnetic filling factor that specifies the fraction of the observed pixel filled with magnetic field. Here, we investigate the properties of a small magnetic patch in the quiet Sun observed with the IMaX magnetograph on board the balloon-borne telescope SUNRISE with unprecedented spatial resolution and low instrumental stray light. We apply an inversion technique based on the numerical solution of the radiative transfer equation to retrieve the temperature stratification and the field strength in the magnetic patch. The observations can be well reproduced with a one-component, fully magnetized atmosphere with a field strength exceeding 1 kG and a significantly enhanced temperature in the mid to upper photosphere with respect to its surroundings, consistent with semi-empirical flux tube models for plage regions. We therefore conclude that, within the framework of a simple atmospheric model, the IMaX measurements resolve the observed quiet-Sun flux tube.
Lagg, A.; Solanki, S. K.; Riethmueller, T. L.; Schuessler, M.; Hirzberger, J.; Feller, A.; Borrero, J. M.; Barthol, P.; Gandorfer, A. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau (Germany); MartInez Pillet, V.; Bonet, J. A. [Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, C/Via Lactea s/n, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife (Spain); Schmidt, W.; Berkefeld, T. [Kiepenheuer-Institut fuer Sonnenphysik, Schoeneckstrasse 6, 79104 Freiburg (Germany); Del Toro Iniesta, J. C. [Instituto de Astrofisica de AndalucIa (CSIC), Apartado de Correos 3004, 18080 Granada (Spain); Domingo, V. [Grupo de AstronomIa y Ciencias del Espacio, Universidad de Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Valencia (Spain); Knoelker, M. [High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 (United States); Title, A. M., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory, Bldg. 252, 3251 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, CA 94304 (United States)
Advanced Communication and Control for Distributed Energy Resource Integration: Phase 2 Scientific Report
The objective of this research project is to demonstrate sensing, communication, information and control technologies to achieve a seamless integration of multivendor distributed energy resource (DER) units at aggregation levels that meet individual user requirements for facility operations (residential, commercial, industrial, manufacturing, etc.) and further serve as resource options for electric and natural gas utilities. The fully demonstrated DER aggregation system with embodiment of communication and control technologies will lead to real-time, interactive, customer-managed service networks to achieve greater customer value. Work on this Advanced Communication and Control Project (ACCP) consists of a two-phase approach for an integrated demonstration of communication and control technologies to achieve a seamless integration of DER units to reach progressive levels of aggregated power output. Phase I involved design and proof-of-design, and Phase II involves real-world demonstration of the Phase I design architecture. The scope of work for Phase II of this ACCP involves demonstrating the Phase I design architecture in large scale real-world settings while integrating with the operations of one or more electricity supplier feeder lines. The communication and control architectures for integrated demonstration shall encompass combinations of software and hardware components, including: sensors, data acquisition and communication systems, remote monitoring systems, metering (interval revenue, real-time), local and wide area networks, Web-based systems, smart controls, energy management/information systems with control and automation of building energy loads, and demand-response management with integration of real-time market pricing. For Phase II, BPL Global shall demonstrate the Phase I design for integrating and controlling the operation of more than 10 DER units, dispersed at various locations in one or more Independent System Operator (ISO) Control Areas, at an aggregated scale of more than 1 MW, to provide grid support. Actual performance data with respect to each specified function above is to be collected during the Phase II field demonstration. At a minimum, the Phase II demonstration shall span one year of field operations. The demonstration performance will need to be validated by the target customer(s) for acceptance and subsequent implementation. An ISO must be involved in demonstration planning and execution. As part of the Phase II work, BPL Global shall develop a roadmap to commercialization that identifies and quantifies the potential markets for the integrated, aggregated DER systems and for the communication and control technologies demonstrated in Phase I. In addition, the roadmap must identify strategies and actions, as well as the regional and national markets where the aggregated DER systems with communication and control solutions will be introduced, along with a timeline projected for introduction into each identified market. In Phase I of this project, we developed a proof-of-concept ACCP system and architecture and began to test its functionality at real-world sites. These sites had just over 10 MW of DERs and allowed us to identify what needed to be done to commercialize this concept. As a result, we started Phase II by looking at our existing platform and identified its strengths and weaknesses as well as how it would need to evolve for commercialization. During this process, we worked with different stakeholders in the market including: Independent System Operators, DER owners and operators, and electric utility companies to fully understand the issues from all of the different perspectives. Once we had an understanding of the commercialized ACCP system, we began to document and prepare detailed designs of the different system components. The components of the system with the most significant design improvements were: the on-site remote terminal unit, the communication technology between the remote site and the data center, and the scalability and reliability of the data center application.
BPL Global
Relational measures and integration
Work in fuzzy modeling has recently made its way from the interval $[0,1]\\subseteq {\\mathord{\\rm I \\! R}}$ to the ordinal or even to the qualitative level. We proceed further and introduce relational measures and relational integration. First ideas of ... Keywords: Choquet integral, evidence and belief, measure, necessity, plausibility, possibility measures, relation algebra, relational, sugeno integral
Gunther Schmidt
GPFS HPSS Integration: Implementation Experience
In 2005 NERSC and IBM Global Services Federal began work to develop an integrated HSM solution using the GPFS file system and the HPSS hierarchical storage system. It was foreseen that this solution would play a key role in data management at NERSC, and fill a market niche for IBM. As with many large and complex software projects, there were a number of unforeseen difficulties encountered during implementation. As the effort progressed, it became apparent that DMAPI alone could not be used to tie two distributed, high performance systems together without serious impact on performance. This document discusses the evolution of the development effort, from one which attempted to synchronize the GPFS and HPSS name spaces relying solely on GPFS?s implementation of the DMAPI specification, to one with a more traditional HSM functionality that had no synchronized namespace in HPSS, and finally to an effort, still underway, which will provide traditional HSM functionality, but requires features from the GPFS Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) to fully achieve this goal in a way which is scalable and meets the needs of sites with aggressive performance requirements. The last approach makes concessions to portability by using file system features such as ILM and snapshotting in order to achieve a scalable design.
Hazen, Damian; Hick, Jason
Lamp bulb with integral reflector
An improved electrodeless discharge lamp bulb includes an integral ceramic reflector as a portion of the bulb envelope. The bulb envelope further includes two pieces, a reflector portion or segment is cast quartz ceramic and a light transmissive portion is a clear fused silica. In one embodiment, the cast quartz ceramic segment includes heat sink fins or stubs providing an increased outside surface area to dissipate internal heat. In another embodiment, the quartz ceramic segment includes an outside surface fused to eliminate gas permeation by polishing.
Levin, Izrail (Silver Spring, MD); Shanks, Bruce (Gaithersburg, MD); Sumner, Thomas L. (Wheaton, MD)
Improving Energy Efficiency of Auxiliaries
The summaries of this report are: Economics Ultimately Dictates Direction; Electric Auxiliaries Provide Solid Benefits. The Impact on Vehicle Architecture Will be Important; Integrated Generators With Combined With Turbo Generators Can Meet the Electrical Demands of Electric Auxiliaries; Implementation Will Follow Automotive 42V Transition; Availability of Low Cost Hardware Will Slow Implementation; Industry Leadership and Cooperation Needed; Standards and Safety Protocols Will be Important. Government Can Play an Important Role in Expediting: Funding Technical Development; Incentives for Improving Fuel Economy; Developing Standards, Allowing Economy of Scale; and Providing Safety Guidelines.
Carl T. Vuk
Lighting Group: Controls: Systems Integration
Systems Integration Building Control Systems Integration Objective This research project investigates how diverse building control systems can be integrated to provide seamless...
Hydrocarbon characterization experiments in fully turbulent fires : results and data analysis.
As the capabilities of numerical simulations increase, decision makers are increasingly relying upon simulations rather than experiments to assess risks across a wide variety of accident scenarios including fires. There are still, however, many aspects of fires that are either not well understood or are difficult to treat from first principles due to the computational expense. For a simulation to be truly predictive and to provide decision makers with information which can be reliably used for risk assessment the remaining physical processes must be studied and suitable models developed for the effects of the physics. The model for the fuel evaporation rate in a liquid fuel pool fire is significant because in well-ventilated fires the evaporation rate largely controls the total heat release rate from the fire. This report describes a set of fuel regression rates experiments to provide data for the development and validation of models. The experiments were performed with fires in the fully turbulent scale range (> 1 m diameter) and with a number of hydrocarbon fuels ranging from lightly sooting to heavily sooting. The importance of spectral absorption in the liquid fuels and the vapor dome above the pool was investigated and the total heat flux to the pool surface was measured. The importance of convection within the liquid fuel was assessed by restricting large scale liquid motion in some tests. These data sets provide a sound, experimentally proven basis for assessing how much of the liquid fuel needs to be modeled to enable a predictive simulation of a fuel fire given the couplings between evaporation of fuel from the pool and the heat release from the fire which drives the evaporation.
Suo-Anttila, Jill Marie; Blanchat, Thomas K.
Neutronics studies of uranium-based fully ceramic micro-encapsulated fuel for PWRs
This study evaluates the core neutronics and fuel cycle characteristics using uranium-based fully ceramic micro-encapsulated (FCM) fuel in a pressurized water reactor (PWR). Specific PWR assembly designs with FCM fuel have been developed, which by virtue of their TRISO particle-based elements are expected to achieve higher fuel burnups while also increasing the tolerance to fuel failures. The SCALE 6.1 code package, developed and maintained at ORNL, was the primary software used to model the assembly designs. Analysis was performed using the SCALE double-heterogeneous (DH) fuel modeling capabilities; however, the Reactivity-Equivalent Physical Transformation (RPT) method was used for lattice calculations due to the long run times associated with the SCALE DH capability. In order to understand the impact on reactivity and reactor operating cycle length, a parametric study was performed by varying TRISO particle design features, such as kernel diameter, coating layer thicknesses, and packing fraction. Also, other features such as the selection of matrix material (SiC, zirconium) and fuel rod dimensions were studied. After evaluating different uranium-based fuels, the higher compound density of uranium mononitride (UN) proved to be favorable, as the parametric studies showed that the FCM particle fuel design will need roughly 12% additional fissile material in comparison to that of a standard UO{sub 2} rod in order to match the lifetime of an 18-month PWR cycle. Neutronically, the FCM fuel designs evaluated maintain acceptable design features in the areas of fuel lifetime and temperature coefficients of reactivity, as well as pin cell and assembly peaking factors. (authors)
George, N. M.; Maldonado, I. [Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, Univ. of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996-2300 (United States); Terrani, K.; Godfrey, A.; Gehin, J. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 (United States)
Fully kinetic simulations of magnetic reconnction in semi-collisional plasmas
The influence of Coulomb collisions on the dynamics of magnetic reconnection is examined using fully kinetic simulations with a Monte-Carlo treatment of the Fokker-Planck collision operator. This powerful first-principles approach offers a bridge between kinetic and fluid regimes, which may prove useful for understanding the applicability of various fluid models. In order to lay the necessary groundwork, the collision algorithm is first carefully bench marked for a homogeneous plasma against theoretical predictions for beam-plasma interactions and electrical resistivity. Next, the collisional decay of a current layer is examined as a function of guide field, allowing direct comparisons with transport theory for the parallel and perpendicular resistivity as well as the thermoelectric force. Finally, the transition between collisional and collision less reconnection is examined in neutral sheet geometry. For modest Lundquist numbers S {approx}< 1000, a distinct transition is observed when the thickness of the Sweet-Parker layers falls below the ion inertia length {delta}{sub sp} {approx}< d,. At higher Lundquist number, deviations from the Sweet-Parker scaling are observed due to the growth of plasmoids (secondary-islands) within the elongated resistive layer. In certain cases, this instability leads to the onset of fast reconnection sooner than expected from {delta}{sub sp} {approx} d, condition. After the transition to fast reconnection, elongated electron current layers are formed which are unstable to the formation of new plasmoids. The structure and time-dependence of the electron diffusion region in these semi-collisional regimes is profoundly different than reported in two-fluid simulations.
Daughton, William S [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Roytershteyn, Vadim S [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Albright, Brian J [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Yin, Lin [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bowers, Kevin J [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Karimabadi, Homa [UCSD
Testing and Modeling of a 3-MW Wind Turbine Using Fully Coupled Simulation Codes (Poster)
This poster describes the NREL/Alstom Wind testing and model verification of the Alstom 3-MW wind turbine located at NREL's National Wind Technology Center. NREL,in collaboration with ALSTOM Wind, is studying a 3-MW wind turbine installed at the National Wind Technology Center(NWTC). The project analyzes the turbine design using a state-of-the-art simulation code validated with detailed test data. This poster describes the testing and the model validation effort, and provides conclusions about the performance of the unique drive train configuration used in this wind turbine. The 3-MW machine has been operating at the NWTC since March 2011, and drive train measurements will be collected through the spring of 2012. The NWTC testing site has particularly turbulent wind patterns that allow for the measurement of large transient loads and the resulting turbine response. This poster describes the 3-MW turbine test project, the instrumentation installed, and the load cases captured. The design of a reliable wind turbine drive train increasingly relies on the use of advanced simulation to predict structural responses in a varying wind field. This poster presents a fully coupled, aero-elastic and dynamic model of the wind turbine. It also shows the methodology used to validate the model, including the use of measured tower modes, model-to-model comparisons of the power curve, and mainshaft bending predictions for various load cases. The drivetrain is designed to only transmit torque to the gearbox, eliminating non-torque moments that are known to cause gear misalignment. Preliminary results show that the drivetrain is able to divert bending loads in extreme loading cases, and that a significantly smaller bending moment is induced on the mainshaft compared to a three-point mounting design.
LaCava, W.; Guo, Y.; Van Dam, J.; Bergua, R.; Casanovas, C.; Cugat, C.
California Energy Commission Pipeline Integrity Technology
California Energy Commission Pipeline Integrity Technology Demonstration Grant California Energy Solicitation Scope · The purpose of this solicitation is to demonstrate natural gas pipeline inspection using low cost/low power sensors Improvement of existing pipeline inspection technology to identify
Diamondoids Improve Electron Emitters
Diamondoids Improve Electron Emitters Diamondoids Improve Electron Emitters Print Monday, 17 September 2012 12:02 Diamondoids are nanoparticles made of only a handful of carbon...
Integrability vs Quantum Thermalization
Non-integrability is often taken as a prerequisite for quantum thermalization. Still, a generally accepted definition of quantum integrability is lacking. With the basis in the driven Rabi model we discuss this careless usage of the term "integrability" in connection to quantum thermalization. The model would be classified as non-integrable according to the most commonly used definitions, for example, the only preserved quantity is the total energy. Despite this fact, a thorough analysis conjectures that the system will not thermalize. Thus, our findings suggest first of all (i) that care should be paid when linking non-integrability with thermalization, and secondly (ii) that the standardly used definitions for quantum integrability are unsatisfactory.
Jonas Larson
Integrated Safety Management (ISM)
Integrated Safety Management Integrated Safety Management Home ISM Policy ISM Champions ISM Workshops Resources Archives Contact Us Health and Safety HSS Logo Integrated Safety Management (ISM) ism logo Welcome to the Department of Energy's Office of Health, Safety and Security (HSS) Integrated Safety Management (ISM) Web Site. The Department and its contractors remain firmly committed to ISM as first defined in 1996. The objective of ISM is to perform work in a safe and environmentally sound manner. More specifically, as described in DOE P 450.4, Safety Management System Policy: "The Department and Contractors must systematically integrate safety into management and work practices at all levels so that missions are accomplished while protecting the public, the worker, and the environment. This is to be accomplished through effective integration of safety management into all facets of work planning and execution." "
NREL: Water Power Research - Grid Integration
Grid Integration Grid Integration High-voltage transmission lines and towers silouetted against a blue sky with the first glow of the rising sun on the horizon behind them. The national need for transmission improvements will have a direct impact on the effective use of renewable energy sources. For marine and hydrokinetic technologies to play a larger role in supplying the nation's energy needs, integration into the U.S. power grid is an important challenge to address. Efficient integration of variable power resources like water power is a critical part of the deployment planning and commercialization process. Variable and weather-dependent resources can create operational concerns for grid operators. These concerns include conventional generation ramping, load/generation balancing, and planning
NEUTRONICS STUDIES OF URANIUM-BASED FULLY CERAMIC MICRO-ENCAPSULATED FUEL FOR PWRs
This study evaluates the core neutronics and fuel cycle characteristics that result from employing uranium-based fully ceramic micro-encapsulated (FCM) fuel in a pressurized water reactor (PWR). Specific PWR bundle designs with FCM fuel have been developed, which by virtue of their TRISO particle based elements, are expected to safely reach higher fuel burnups while also increasing the tolerance to fuel failures. The SCALE 6.1 code package, developed and maintained at ORNL, was the primary software employed to model these designs. Analysis was performed using the SCALE double-heterogeneous (DH) fuel modeling capabilities. For cases evaluated with the NESTLE full-core three-dimensional nodal simulator, because the feature to perform DH lattice physics branches with the SCALE/TRITON sequence is not yet available, the Reactivity-Equivalent Physical Transformation (RPT) method was used as workaround to support the full core analyses. As part of the fuel assembly design evaluations, fresh feed lattices were modeled to analyze the within-assembly pin power peaking. Also, a color-set array of assemblies was constructed to evaluate power peaking and power sharing between a once-burned and a fresh feed assembly. In addition, a parametric study was performed by varying the various TRISO particle design features; such as kernel diameter, coating layer thicknesses, and packing fractions. Also, other features such as the selection of matrix material (SiC, Zirconium) and fuel rod dimensions were perturbed. After evaluating different uranium-based fuels, the higher physical density of uranium mononitride (UN) proved to be favorable, as the parametric studies showed that the FCM particle fuel design will need roughly 12% additional fissile material in comparison to that of a standard UO2 rod in order to match the lifetime of an 18-month PWR cycle. Neutronically, the FCM fuel designs evaluated maintain acceptable design features in the areas of fuel lifetime, temperature coefficients of reactivity, as well as pin cell and assembly peaking factors. Key Words: FCM, TRISO, Uranium Mononitride, PWR
George, Nathan M [ORNL; Maldonado, G Ivan [ORNL; Terrani, Kurt A [ORNL; Gehin, Jess C [ORNL; Godfrey, Andrew T [ORNL
A fully 3D approach for metal artifact reduction in computed tomography
Purpose: In computed tomography imaging metal objects in the region of interest introduce inconsistencies during data acquisition. Reconstructing these data leads to an image in spatial domain including star-shaped or stripe-like artifacts. In order to enhance the quality of the resulting image the influence of the metal objects can be reduced. Here, a metal artifact reduction (MAR) approach is proposed that is based on a recomputation of the inconsistent projection data using a fully three-dimensional Fourier-based interpolation. The success of the projection space restoration depends sensitively on a sensible continuation of neighboring structures into the recomputed area. Fortunately, structural information of the entire data is inherently included in the Fourier space of the data. This can be used for a reasonable recomputation of the inconsistent projection data. Methods: The key step of the proposed MAR strategy is the recomputation of the inconsistent projection data based on an interpolation using nonequispaced fast Fourier transforms (NFFT). The NFFT interpolation can be applied in arbitrary dimension. The approach overcomes the problem of adequate neighborhood definitions on irregular grids, since this is inherently given through the usage of higher dimensional Fourier transforms. Here, applications up to the third interpolation dimension are presented and validated. Furthermore, prior knowledge may be included by an appropriate damping of the transform during the interpolation step. This MAR method is applicable on each angular view of a detector row, on two-dimensional projection data as well as on three-dimensional projection data, e.g., a set of sequential acquisitions at different spatial positions, projection data of a spiral acquisition, or cone-beam projection data. Results: Results of the novel MAR scheme based on one-, two-, and three-dimensional NFFT interpolations are presented. All results are compared in projection data space and spatial domain with the well-known one-dimensional linear interpolation strategy. Conclusions: In conclusion, it is recommended to include as much spatial information into the recomputation step as possible. This is realized by increasing the dimension of the NFFT. The resulting image quality can be enhanced considerably.
Kratz, Baerbel; Weyers, Imke; Buzug, Thorsten M. [Institute of Medical Engineering, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23562 (Germany); Institute of Anatomy, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23562 (Germany); Institute of Medical Engineering, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23562 (Germany)
Three-dimensional Integrated Circuits: Design, EDA, and Architecture
The emerging three-dimensional (3D) integration technology is one of the promising solutions to overcome the barriers in interconnection scaling, thereby offering an opportunity to continue performance improvements using CMOS technology. As the fabrication ...
Guangyu Sun; Yibo Chen; Xiangyu Dong; Jin Ouyang; Yuan Xie
Checking violation tolerance of approaches to database integrity
A hitherto unquestioned assumption made by all methods for integrity checking has been that the database satisfies its constraints before each update. This consistency assumption has been exploited for improving the efficiency of determining whether ...
Hendrik Decker; Davide Martinenghi
Towards constant bandwidth overhead integrity checking of untrusted data
We present a trace-hash scheme and an adaptive tree-trace scheme to improve the performance of checking the integrity of arbitrarily-large untrusted data, when using only a small fixed-sized trusted state. Currently, hash ...
Clarke, Dwaine E. (Dwaine Errol), 1976-
Distributed Resource Integration Framework
This report defines a framework for assessing current issues and considerations associated with the deployment and operation of distributed resources. The framework is a guide that can assist utility personnel, distributed resource owners, and other stakeholders in planning integration projects and in relating different integration projects to one another. The framework provides a structured organization of the various elements associated with distributed resource integration, including regulatory, busin...
Advanced Integrated Systems Technology Development
Research Energy Systems Integration Environmentallyenergy use, combined with the capability of the BMS system, including alarms to identify anomalies. Integration
Infrastructure for Integrated Electronics Design & ...
Infrastructure for Integrated Electronics Design & Manufacturing (IIEDM) Project. ... designed to support distributed supply chain integration and e ...
Computer Integrated Building Processes Group
... Laboratory effective in October 2011, the Computer Integrated Building Processes Group ... Chris Brown) are now in the Systems Integration Division. ...
Integrated Biosystems for Sustainable Development
Integrated biosystems for sustainable development Proceedings of the InFoRM 2000 National Workshop on Integrated
Kev Warburton; Usha Pillai-mcgarry; Deborah Ramage; No Ms; Dr. Kev Warburton
Grid Integration Group
Grid Integration Group The Demand Response Research Center (DRRC) conducts research that advances the near-term adoption of demand response (DR) technologies, policies, programs,...
Integrated Computational Materials Education
This short course is based on the Summer School for Integrated Computational Materials Education, which was developed to meet this need. We will present a�...
Software Component Integration Testing
... a combination of off-the-shelf components, with new components integrated to satisfy ... oriented, that is, it consists of objects with state and behavior. ...
Integrated waste management.
??Integrated waste management is considered from a systems� approach, with a particular emphasis on advancing sustainability. The focus of the thesis is to examine the� (more)
Seadon, Jeffrey Keith
This paper describes the energy consideration of fully wireless and mobile-wired sensor system and presented the prototype of
-minimization, ease of usage and ease of further development. Finally we have described the energy optimized clusterABSTRACT This paper describes the energy consideration of fully wireless and mobile-wired sensor will not deteriorate even a few sensors do not function. The typical example of a wireless sensor system is to have
Halgamuge, Malka N.
An accurate performance model of fully adaptive routing in wormhole-switched two-dimensional mesh multicomputers
Numerous analytical performance models have been proposed for deterministic wormhole-routed mesh networks while only a single model, to our best knowledge, has been suggested for fully adaptive wormhole routing in mesh interconnection networks. This ... Keywords: Adaptive wormhole routing, Analytical modeling, Interconnection network, Meshes, Multicomputer, Performance evaluation
H. Hashemi-Najafabadi; H. Sarbazi-Azad; P. Rajabzadeh
A second-order accurate immersed boundary method for fully resolved simulations of particle-laden flows
An immersed boundary method (IBM) with second-order spatial accuracy is presented for fully resolved simulations of incompressible viscous flows laden with rigid particles. The method is based on the computationally efficient direct-forcing method of ... Keywords: Finite-volume method, Grid locking, Immersed boundary method, Multidirect forcing scheme, Order of grid convergence, Particle-laden flow, Retraction distance
Wim-Paul Breugem
innovati nNREL Confirms Large Potential for Grid Integration of Wind, Solar Power
innovati nNREL Confirms Large Potential for Grid Integration of Wind, Solar Power To fully harvest the nation's bountiful wind and solar resources, it is critical to know how much electrical power from at adding enough wind and solar power capacity to the grid to produce 35% of the WestConnect's electricity
Integration of Gd silicate/TiN gate stacks into SOI n-MOSFETs
In this work we describe the gate first integration of gadolinium silicate (GdSiO) high-k dielectrics and metal gate electrodes into SOI n-MOSFETs. Fully functional devices are achieved and compared to reference devices with standard SiO"2. Analysis ... Keywords: Gadolinium silicate, High temperature stable high-k dielectric, SOI n-MOSFET with high-k
M. Schmidt; A. Stefani; H. D. B. Gottlob; H. Kurz
Seamless On-Wafer Integration of Si(100) MOSFETs and GaN HEMTs
The first on-wafer integration of Si(100) MOSFETs and AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) is demonstrated. To enable a fully Si-compatible process, we fabricated a novel Si(100)-GaN-Si(100) virtual substrate ...
Piner, Edwin L.
Repeated games for eikonal equations, integral curvature flows and non-linear parabolic
Repeated games for eikonal equations, integral curvature flows and non-linear parabolic integro works of Kohn and the second author (2006 and 2009): general fully non-linear parabolic integro- surfaces. For parabolic integro-differential equations, players choose smooth functions on the whole space
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Time integration of reacting flows with CSP tabulation.
This paper presents recent progress on the use of Computational Singular Perturbation (CSP) techniques for time integration of stiff chemical systems. The CSP integration approach removes fast time scales from the reaction system, thereby enabling integration with explicit time stepping algorithms. For further efficiency improvements, a tabulation strategy was developed to allow reuse of the relevant CSP quantities. This paper outlines the method and demonstrates its use on the simulation of hydrogen-air ignition.
Frenklach, Michael (University of California at Berkeley, CA); Marzouk, Youssef M. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA); Valorani, Mauro (Universita di Roma "La Sapienza," Rome, Italy); Goussis, Dimitris A. (National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece); Najm, Habib N.; Debusschere, Bert J.
Cost-Causation and Integration Cost Analysis for Variable Generation
This report examines how wind and solar integration studies have evolved, what analysis techniques work, what common mistakes are still made, what improvements are likely to be made in the near future, and why calculating integration costs is such a difficult problem and should be undertaken carefully, if at all.
Milligan, M.; Ela, E.; Hodge, B. M.; Kirby, B.; Lew, D.; Clark, C.; DeCesaro, J.; Lynn, K.
Heat integrated distillation in a plate-packing HIDiC.
??Distillation is an energy intensive separation method. To improve the exergetic efficiency of a distillation column, it can be designed as a heat integrated distillation� (more)
Krikken, T.
Method to improve superconductor cable
A method is disclosed of making a stranded superconductor cable having improved flexing and bending characteristics. In such method, a plurality of superconductor strands are helically wound around a cylindrical portion of a mandrel which tapers along a transitional portion to a flat end portion. The helically wound strands form a multistrand hollow cable which is partially flattened by pressure rollers as the cable travels along the transitional portion. The partially flattened cable is impacted with repeated hammer blows as the hollow cable travels along the flat end portion. The hammer blows flatten both the internal and the external surfaces of the strands. The cable is fully flattened and compacted by two sets of pressure rollers which engage the flat sides and the edges of the cable after it has traveled away from the flat end portion of the mandrel. The flattened internal surfaces slide easily over one another when the cable is flexed or bent so that there is very little possibility that the cable will be damaged by the necessary flexing and bending required to wind the cable into magnet coils.
Borden, A.R.
A taxonomy of integral reaction path analysis
W. C. Gardiner observed that achieving understanding through combustion modeling is limited by the ability to recognize the implications of what has been computed and to draw conclusions about the elementary steps underlying the reaction mechanism. This difficulty can be overcome in part by making better use of reaction path analysis in the context of multidimensional flame simulations. Following a survey of current practice, an integral reaction flux is formulated in terms of conserved scalars that can be calculated in a fully automated way. Conditional analyses are then introduced, and a taxonomy for bidirectional path analysis is explored. Many examples illustrate the resulting path analysis and uncover some new results about nonpremixed methane-air laminar jets.
Grcar, Joseph F.; Day, Marcus S.; Bell, John B.
Integrated Joint Actuator for Serpentine Robots
Abstract�Serpentine robots, also sometimes called �snake robots, � are slender, multisegmented vehicles designed to provide greater mobility than conventional wheeled or tracked robots. Serpentine robots are typically comprised of three or more rigid segments connected by two or three degrees of freedom joints. The segments typically have powered wheels, tracks, or legs to propel the vehicle forward; the joints may be powered or unpowered. We have developed a joint actuator system that is highly optimized for use in serpentine robots. This article first presents an analysis of the particular requirements for joint actuators in serpentine robots. We then compare existing actuators against those requirements and show that pneumatic bellows are ideally suited for this application. Following this analysis, this paper introduces our fully functional, pneumatically operated actuation system that is efficiently integrated in the space occupied by a joint. This system,
Grzegorz Granosik; Johann Borenstein; Senior Member
Water Waves and Integrability
The Euler's equations describe the motion of inviscid fluid. In the case of shallow water, when a perturbative asymtotic expansion of the Euler's equations is taken (to a certain order of smallness of the scale parameters), relations to certain integrable equations emerge. Some recent results concerning the use of integrable equation in modeling the motion of shallow water waves are reviewed in this contribution.
Rossen I. Ivanov
Systems Integration (Fact Sheet)
The Systems Integration (SI) subprogram works closely with industry, universities, and the national laboratories to overcome technical barriers to the large-scale deployment of solar technologies. To support these goals, the subprogram invests primarily in four areas: grid integration, technology validation, solar resource assessment, and balance of system development.
FCT Technology Validation: Integrated Projects
Integrated Projects to Integrated Projects to someone by E-mail Share FCT Technology Validation: Integrated Projects on Facebook Tweet about FCT Technology Validation: Integrated Projects on Twitter Bookmark FCT Technology Validation: Integrated Projects on Google Bookmark FCT Technology Validation: Integrated Projects on Delicious Rank FCT Technology Validation: Integrated Projects on Digg Find More places to share FCT Technology Validation: Integrated Projects on AddThis.com... Home Transportation Projects Stationary/Distributed Generation Projects Integrated Projects DOE Projects Non-DOE Projects Quick Links Hydrogen Production Hydrogen Delivery Hydrogen Storage Fuel Cells Manufacturing Codes & Standards Education Systems Analysis Contacts Integrated Projects To maximize overall system efficiencies, reduce costs, and optimize
Improving Relocatable Classroom HVAC For Improved IEQ And Energy...
Improving Relocatable Classroom HVAC For Improved IEQ And Energy Efficiency Title Improving Relocatable Classroom HVAC For Improved IEQ And Energy Efficiency Publication Type...
Adaptive Urban Dispersion Integrated Model
Numerical simulations represent a unique predictive tool for understanding the three-dimensional flow fields and associated concentration distributions from contaminant releases in complex urban settings (Britter and Hanna 2003). Utilization of the most accurate urban models, based on fully three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) that solve the Navier-Stokes equations with incorporated turbulence models, presents many challenges. We address two in this work; first, a fast but accurate way to incorporate the complex urban terrain, buildings, and other structures to enforce proper boundary conditions in the flow solution; second, ways to achieve a level of computational efficiency that allows the models to be run in an automated fashion such that they may be used for emergency response and event reconstruction applications. We have developed a new integrated urban dispersion modeling capability based on FEM3MP (Gresho and Chan 1998, Chan and Stevens 2000), a CFD model from Lawrence Livermore National Lab. The integrated capability incorporates fast embedded boundary mesh generation for geometrically complex problems and full three-dimensional Cartesian adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). Parallel AMR and embedded boundary gridding support are provided through the SAMRAI library (Wissink et al. 2001, Hornung and Kohn 2002). Embedded boundary mesh generation has been demonstrated to be an automatic, fast, and efficient approach for problem setup. It has been used for a variety of geometrically complex applications, including urban applications (Pullen et al. 2005). The key technology we introduce in this work is the application of AMR, which allows the application of high-resolution modeling to certain important features, such as individual buildings and high-resolution terrain (including important vegetative and land-use features). It also allows the urban scale model to be readily interfaced with coarser resolution meso or regional scale models. This talk will discuss details of the approach and present results for some example calculations performed in Manhattan in support of the DHS Urban Dispersion Program (UDP) using some of the tools developed as part of this new capability.
Wissink, A; Chand, K; Kosovic, B; Chan, S; Berger, M; Chow, F K
Integrated assessment briefs
Integrated assessment can be used to evaluate and clarify resource management policy options and outcomes for decision makers. The defining characteristics of integrated assessment are (1) focus on providing information and analysis that can be understood and used by decision makers rather than for merely advancing understanding and (2) its multidisciplinary approach, using methods, styles of study, and considerations from a broader variety of technical areas than would typically characterize studies produced from a single disciplinary standpoint. Integrated assessment may combine scientific, social, economic, health, and environmental data and models. Integrated assessment requires bridging the gap between science and policy considerations. Because not everything can be valued using a single metric, such as a dollar value, the integrated assessment process also involves evaluating trade-offs among dissimilar attributes. Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) recognized the importance and value of multidisciplinary approaches to solving environmental problems early on and have pioneered the development of tools and methods for integrated assessment over the past three decades. Major examples of ORNL`s experience in the development of its capabilities for integrated assessment are given.
Improving the efficiency of binary cycles
The performance of binary geothermal power plants can be improved through the proper choice of a working fluid, and optimization of component designs and operating conditions. This paper summarizes the investigations at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) which are examining binary cycle performance improvements for moderate temperature (350 to 400 F) resources. These investigations examine performance improvements resulting from the supercritical vaporization and countercurrent integral condensation of mixed hydrocarbon working fluids, as well as the modification of the turbine inlet state points to achieve supersaturated turbine vapor expansions. For resources, with the brine outlet temperature restricted, the use of turbine exhaust recuperators is examined. The reference plant used to determine improvements in plant performance in these studies operates at conditions similar to the 45 MW Heber binary plant. The brine effectiveness (watt-hours per pound of brine) is used as an indicator for improvements in performance. The performance of the binary cycle can be improved by 25 to 30% relative to the reference plant through the selection of the optimum working fluids and operating conditions, achieving countercurrent integral condensation, and allowing supersaturated vapor expansions in the turbine. 9 refs., 5 figs.
Mines, G.L.; Bliem, C.J.
On Quantum Integrable Systems
Many quantum integrable systems are obtained using an accelerator physics technique known as Ermakov (or normalized variables) transformation. This technique was used to create classical nonlinear integrable lattices for accelerators and nonlinear integrable plasma traps. Now, all classical results are carried over to a nonrelativistic quantum case. In this paper we have described an extension of the Ermakov-like transformation to the Schroedinger and Pauli equations. It is shown that these newly found transformations create a vast variety of time dependent quantum equations that can be solved in analytic functions, or, at least, can be reduced to time-independent ones.
Danilov, Viatcheslav; /Oak Ridge; Nagaitsev, Sergei; /Fermilab
Energy Systems Integration Laboratory (Fact Sheet)
This fact sheet describes the purpose, lab specifications, applications scenarios, and information on how to partner with NREL's Energy Systems Integration Laboratory at the Energy Systems Integration Facility. The Energy Systems Integration Laboratory at NREL's Energy Systems Integration Facility (ESIF) provides a flexible, renewable-ready platform for research, development, and testing of state-of-the-art hydrogen-based and other energy storage systems. The main focus of the laboratory is assessment of the technical readiness, performance characterization, and research to help industry move these systems towards optimal renewable-based production and efficient utilization of hydrogen. Research conducted in the Energy Systems Integration Laboratory will advance engineering knowledge and market deployment of hydrogen technologies to support a growing need for versatile distributed electricity generation, applications in microgrids, energy storage for renewables integration, and home and station-based hydrogen vehicle fueling. Research activities are targeted to improve the technical readiness of the following: (1) Low and high temperature electrolyzers, reformers and fuel cells; (2) Mechanical and electrochemical compression systems; (3) Hydrogen storage; (4) Hydrogen vehicle refueling; and (5) Internal combustion or turbine technology for electricity production. Examples of experiments include: (1) Close- and direct-coupling of renewable energy sources (PV and wind) to electrolyzers; (2) Performance and efficiency validation of electrolyzers, fuel cells, and compressors; (3) Reliability and durability tracking and prediction; (4) Equipment modeling and validation testing; (5) Internal combustion or turbine technology for electricity production; and (6) Safety and code compliance.
Grid-Competitive Residential and Commercial Fully Automated PV Systems Technology: Final technical Report, August 2011
Under DOE's Technology Pathway Partnership program, SunPower Corporation developed turn-key, high-efficiency residential and commercial systems that are cost effective. Key program objectives include a reduction in LCOE values to 9-12 cents/kWh and 13-18 cents/kWh respectively for the commercial and residential markets. Target LCOE values for the commercial ground, commercial roof, and residential markets are 10, 11, and 13 cents/kWh. For this effort, SunPower collaborated with a variety of suppliers and partners to complete the tasks below. Subcontractors included: Solaicx, SiGen, Ribbon Technology, Dow Corning, Xantrex, Tigo Energy, and Solar Bridge. SunPower's TPP addressed nearly the complete PV value chain: from ingot growth through system deployment. Throughout the award period of performance, SunPower has made progress toward achieving these reduced costs through the development of 20%+ efficient modules, increased cell efficiency through the understanding of loss mechanisms and improved manufacturing technologies, novel module development, automated design tools and techniques, and reduced system development and installation time. Based on an LCOE assessment using NREL's Solar Advisor Model, SunPower achieved the 2010 target range, as well as progress toward 2015 targets.
Brown, Katie E.; Cousins, Peter; Culligan, Matt; Jonathan Botkin; DeGraaff, David; Bunea, Gabriella; Rose, Douglas; Bourne, Ben; Koehler, Oliver
Advanced Variable Speed Air-Source Integrated Heat Pumps Research Project |
Advanced Variable Speed Air-Source Advanced Variable Speed Air-Source Integrated Heat Pumps Research Project Advanced Variable Speed Air-Source Integrated Heat Pumps Research Project The U.S. Department of Energy is currently conducting research into advanced variable speed air-source integrated heat pumps (AS-IHPs). Project Description This project seeks to develop AS-IHP products for the larger air-source system market. Development focuses on a fully variable capacity or variable speed AS-IHP option. Project Partners Research is being undertaken through a cooperative research and development agreement (CRADA) between the Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and a CRADA partner. Project Goals The goal of this project is the development of a fully variable-speed version of an AS-IHP product that can provide heating, ventilation, and air
Introduction to Integrating Renewable Energy into Federal Construction |
Introduction to Integrating Renewable Energy into Federal Introduction to Integrating Renewable Energy into Federal Construction Introduction to Integrating Renewable Energy into Federal Construction October 16, 2013 - 4:50pm Addthis The introduction to this guide outlines key topics that led to the development of the Guide to Integrating Renewable Energy into Federal Construction. It discusses: Benefits of Renewable Energy Use: Renewable energy technologies have wide ranging benefits, including economic development and job creation, national security, price stability and environmental improvement. Meeting Federal Renewable Energy Requirements: A range of legislation and executive orders have stipulated wide-ranging renewable energy requirements and goals that apply to new construction and major renovation projects.
An electronic integrating circuit using a transistor with a capacitor connected between the emitter and collector through which the capacitor discharges at a rate proportional to the input current at the base is described. Means are provided for biasing the base with an operating bias and for applying a voltage pulse to the capacitor for charging to an initial voltage. A current dividing diode is connected between the base and emitter of the transistor, and signal input terminal means are coupled to the juncture of the capacitor and emitter and to the base of the transistor. At the end of the integration period, the residual voltage on said capacitor is less by an amount proportional to the integral of the input signal. Either continuous or intermittent periods of integration are provided. (AEC)
Englemann, R.H.
Bioluminescent Bioreporter Integrated Circuits
To address the need for fieldable real-time biological recognition systems, ORNL researchers developed a "laboratory on a chip" using genetically engineered whole cell biosensors attached to integrated circuits (ICs). These bioluminescent ...
Integrated optical isolators
Introduction: Optical isolators are important components in lasers. Their main function is to eliminate noise caused by back-reflections into these lasers. The need for integrated isolators comes from the continuing growth ...
Zaman, Tauhid R
Integrated Project Team RM
The Integrated Project Team (IPT) is an essential element of the Department�s acquisition process and will be utilized during all phases of a project life cycle. The IPT is a team of professionals...
Wellbore Integrity Network
In this presentation, we review the current state of knowledge on wellbore integrity as developed in the IEA Greenhouse Gas Programme's Wellbore Integrity Network. Wells are one of the primary risks to the successful implementation of CO{sub 2} storage programs. Experimental studies show that wellbore materials react with CO{sub 2} (carbonation of cement and corrosion of steel) but the impact on zonal isolation is unclear. Field studies of wells in CO{sub 2}-bearing fields show that CO{sub 2} does migrate external to casing. However, rates and amounts of CO{sub 2} have not been quantified. At the decade time scale, wellbore integrity is driven by construction quality and geomechanical processes. Over longer time-scales (> 100 years), chemical processes (cement degradation and corrosion) become more important, but competing geomechanical processes may preserve wellbore integrity.
Carey, James W. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bachu, Stefan [Alberta Innovates
Integrated XML Document Management
XML has become a widely accepted data format for exchange and representation of semi-structured data. Efficiently managing XML as well as traditional business documents and content in an integrated fashion is a necessity for companies to be successful ...
Hui-I Hsiao; Joshua Hui; Ning Li; Parag Tijare
Hanford Tank Integrity Project
Jordan Follett DST Project Plan and SST Use email@example.com Rick Rast Structural Lead email@example.com Ted Venetz SST Integrity Lead email@example.com
Extended Enterprise Integration
This paper discusses the competitive pressures forcing major organisations to co-operate ever more closely in designing, manufacturing and supporting new products and major assets. It explains the resulting business and integration issues and presents ...
J. Gunn
NREL: Distributed Grid Integration - Webmaster
Webmaster Webmaster Please enter your name and email address in the boxes provided, then type your message below. When you are finished, click "Send Message." NOTE: If you enter your e-mail address incorrectly, we will be unable to reply. Your name: Your email address: Your message: Send Message Printable Version Distributed Grid Integration Home Capabilities Projects Research Staff Working with Us Did you find what you needed? Yes 1 No 0 Thank you for your feedback. Would you like to take a moment to tell us how we can improve this page? Submit We value your feedback. Thanks! We've received your feedback. Something went wrong. Please try again later. NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
Integrated Safety Management Policy
INTEGRATED SAFETY INTEGRATED SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DESCRIPTION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Office of Environmental Management Headquarters May 2008 Preparation: Braj K. sin& Occupational Safety and Health Manager Office of Safety Management Concurrence: Chuan-Fu wu Director, Offlce of Safety Management Deputy Assistant Secretary for safe& Management andoperations Operations Officer for 1 Environmental Management Approval: Date p/-g Date Environmental Management TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS................................................................................................................................................................v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................................................1
CIM Application Integration
The EPRI Common Information Model (CIM) has been used as the basis or schema for implementing a real-time relational database in the CIM Application Integration Project. The CIM relational database is implemented in a normalized form so that it can support a complete range of utility transmission, generation, distribution, substation, and asset management applications. The objective of this document is to provide a final report on the CIM Application Integration Project.
NREL: Distributed Grid Integration - Solar Distributed Grid Integration
Solar Distributed Grid Integration Projects Solar Distributed Grid Integration Projects NREL provides grid integration support, system-level testing, and systems analysis for DOE's Solar Distributed Grid Integration Projects supported by the SunShot Initiative. These projects address technical issues and develop solutions for high penetration grid integration of solar technologies into the electric power system to meet the following goals: Reduce cost: reduce interconnection costs by developing streamlined procedures including advanced integration models for utility interconnection of photovoltaics (PV) Reduce market barriers: work with utilities and system integrators to reduce market barriers by providing research on impacts of integration of high penetration of PV systems and developing solutions.
Integrally formed radio frequency quadrupole
An improved radio frequency quadrupole (10) is provided having an elongate housing (11) with an elongate central axis (12) and top, bottom and two side walls (13a-d) symmetrically disposed about the axis, and vanes (14a-d) formed integrally with the walls (13a-d), the vanes (14a-d) each having a cross-section at right angles to the central axis (12) which tapers inwardly toward the axis to form electrode tips (15a-d) spaced from each other by predetermined distances. Each of the four walls (13a-d), and the vanes (14a-d) integral therewith, is a separate structural element having a central lengthwise plane (16) passing through the tip of the vane, the walls (13a-d) having flat mounting surfaces (17, 18) at right angles to and parallel to the control plane (16), respectively, which are butted together to position the walls and vane tips relative to each other.
Abbott, Steven R. (Concord, CA)
The Fireball integrated code package
Many deep-space satellites contain a plutonium heat source. An explosion, during launch, of a rocket carrying such a satellite offers the potential for the release of some of the plutonium. The fireball following such an explosion exposes any released plutonium to a high-temperature chemically-reactive environment. Vaporization, condensation, and agglomeration processes can alter the distribution of plutonium-bearing particles. The Fireball code package simulates the integrated response of the physical and chemical processes occurring in a fireball and the effect these processes have on the plutonium-bearing particle distribution. This integrated treatment of multiple phenomena represents a significant improvement in the state of the art for fireball simulations. Preliminary simulations of launch-second scenarios indicate: (1) most plutonium vaporization occurs within the first second of the fireball; (2) large non-aerosol-sized particles contribute very little to plutonium vapor production; (3) vaporization and both homogeneous and heterogeneous condensation occur simultaneously; (4) homogeneous condensation transports plutonium down to the smallest-particle sizes; (5) heterogeneous condensation precludes homogeneous condensation if sufficient condensation sites are available; and (6) agglomeration produces larger-sized particles but slows rapidly as the fireball grows.
Dobranich, D.; Powers, D.A.; Harper, F.T.
Improved Process control of wood waste fired boilers
This project's principal aim was the conceptual and feasibility stage development of improved process control methods for wood-waste-fired water-tube boilers operating in industrial manufacturing applications (primarily pulp and paper). The specific objectives put forth in the original project proposal were as follows: (1) fully characterize the wood-waste boiler control inter-relationships and constraints through data collection and analysis; (2) design an improved control architecture; (3) develop and test an appropriate control and optimization algorithm; and (4) develop and test a procedure for reproducing the approach and deriving the benefits on similar pulp and paper wood-waste boilers. Detailed tasks were developed supporting these objectives.
Process Control Solutions, Inc.
Cooperative Research and Development for Advanced Microturbines Program on Advanced Integrated Microturbine System
The Advanced Integrated Microturbine Systems (AIMS) project was kicked off in October of 2000 to develop the next generation microturbine system. The overall objective of the project was to develop a design for a 40% electrical efficiency microturbine system and demonstrate many of the enabling technologies. The project was initiated as a collaborative effort between several units of GE, Elliott Energy Systems, Turbo Genset, Oak Ridge National Lab and Kyocera. Since the inception of the project the partners have changed but the overall direction of the project has stayed consistent. The project began as a systems study to identify design options to achieve the ultimate goal of 40% electrical efficiency. Once the optimized analytical design was identified for the 40% system, it was determined that a 35% efficient machine would be capable of demonstrating many of the advanced technologies within the given budget and timeframe. The items that would not be experimentally demonstrated were fully produced ceramic parts. However, to understand the requirements of these ceramics, an effort was included in the project to experimentally evaluate candidate materials in representative conditions. The results from this effort would clearly identify the challenges and improvement required of these materials for the full design. Following the analytical effort, the project was dedicated to component development and testing. Each component and subsystem was designed with the overall system requirements in mind and each tested to the fullest extent possible prior to being integrated together. This method of component development and evaluation helps to minimize the technical risk of the project. Once all of the components were completed, they were assembled into the full system and experimentally evaluated.
Michael J. Bowman
Improved recovery demonstration for Williston Basin carbonates
The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in- place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3D) and multi- component seismic are being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with short- lateral and horizontal drilling technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimates of oil-in-place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.
Carrell, L. A., Luff Exploration Co., Denver, CO
Improved Recovery Demonstration for Williston Basin Carbonates
The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in- place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3-D) and multi- component seismic are being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with short- lateral and horizontal drilling technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimate of oil-in-place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.
The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in-place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing three-dimensional is being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with short-lateral and horizontal drilling technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimates of oil-in-place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.
Larry A. Carrell
Improved Recovery Demonstration for Williston Basin Carbonates.
The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in- place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3-D) and multi-component seismic are being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with short-lateral and horizontal drilling technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimate of oil-in-place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.
The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determination of oil-in-place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3D) is being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with short lateral and horizontal drilling technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimates of oil-in- place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.
Three-Dimensional Integration Technology for Advanced Focal Planes and Integrated Circuits
Over the last five years MIT Lincoln Laboratory (MIT-LL) has developed a three-dimensional (3D) circuit integration technology that exploits the advantages of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology to enable wafer-level stacking and micrometer-scale electrical interconnection of fully fabricated circuit wafers. Advanced focal plane arrays have been the first applications to exploit the benefits of this 3D integration technology because the massively parallel information flow present in 2D imaging arrays maps very nicely into a 3D computational structure as information flows from circuit-tier to circuit-tier in the z-direction. To date, the MIT-LL 3D integration technology has been used to fabricate four different focal planes including: a 2-tier 64 x 64 imager with fully parallel per-pixel A/D conversion; a 3-tier 640 x 480 imager consisting of an imaging tier, an A/D conversion tier, and a digital signal processing tier; a 2-tier 1024 x 1024 pixel, 4-side-abutable imaging modules for tiling large mosaic focal planes, and a 3-tier Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode (APD) 3-D LIDAR array, using a 30 volt APD tier, a 3.3 volt CMOS tier, and a 1.5 volt CMOS tier. Recently, the 3D integration technology has been made available to the circuit design research community through DARPA-sponsored Multiproject fabrication runs. The first Multiproject Run (3DL1) completed fabrication in early 2006 and included over 30 different circuit designs from 21 different research groups. 3D circuit concepts explored in this run included stacked memories, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and mixed-signal circuits. The second Multiproject Run (3DM2) is currently in fabrication and includes particle detector readouts designed by Fermilab. This talk will provide a brief overview of MIT-LL's 3D-integration process, discuss some of the focal plane applications where the technology is being applied, and provide a summary of some of the Multiproject Run circuit results.
Keast, Craig (M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory)
Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies 2011 Annual Report
We are pleased to share with you this 2011 edition of the Annual Report from the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) and the growing excitement we feel around cementing our brand as a leader in integration nanoscience. This can be seen most readily in the momentum we have achieved in our signature Integration Focus Activities (IFAs). These efforts unite our scientists across our four scientific Thrust areas with our users to concentrate research on larger-scale nanoscience integration challenges for specific classes of nanomaterials, systems, and phenomena. All three of our current IFAs (p. 10) now have a full head of steam, and nearly 30% of our current user projects map in some meaningful way to one of these IFAs. As part of our redoubled effort to increase our industrial user base, we are also looking to leverage these IFAs to build a stronger link to and spur recruitment within our industrial user community. We believe that the IFAs are a natural community-building tool with an intrinsic value proposition for industry; an R&D pipeline that can lead to more mature, more commercially well-positioned technologies. Finally, as nanoscience and nanotechnology are maturing, we as a research community are beginning to see our efforts extend in many exciting new directions. Our focus on nanoscience integration positions us very well to capitalize on new opportunities including the emerging Mesoscale Initiative within the DOE Office of Science. Many aspects of mesoscale science are embodied in the integration of nanoscale building blocks. We are equally proud of our continuing strong performance in support of our user program. We have fully transitioned to our new user proposal database providing enhanced convenience and flexibility for proposal submission and review. In our two regular proposal calls this year we received a total of 225 proposals, an increase of 10% over our 2010 performance. Our official count on number of users for the period remains at {approx}350 and continues to reflect full engagement of our scientific staff. We are also seeing a steady increase in our industrial user base, with the number of industrial proposals (including Rapid Access proposals) doubling in 2011. We attribute this in part of our outreach efforts including our focused industrial session in each of our past two annual User Conferences. The Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) is a Department of Energy/Office of Science Nanoscale Science Research Center (NSRC) operating as a national user facility devoted to establishing the scientific principles that govern the design, performance, and integration of nanoscale materials. Jointly operated by Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories, CINT explores the continuum from scientific discovery to use-inspired research, with a focus on the integration of nanoscale materials and structures to achieve new properties and performance and their incorporation into the micro- and macro worlds. Through its Core Facility at Sandia National Laboratories and its Gateway Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory, CINT provides open access to tools and expertise needed to explore the continuum from scientific discovery to the integration of nanostructures into the micro- and macro worlds. In its overall operations, CINT strives to achieve the following goals common to all Nanoscale Science Research Centers: (1) Conduct forefront research in nanoscale science; (2) Operate as a user facility for scientific research; (3) Provide user access to the relevant BES-supported expertise and capabilities at the host national laboratory; and (4) Leverage other relevant national laboratory capabilities to enhance scientific opportunities for the nanoscience user community. These additional goals are specific to the unique CINT mission: (5) Establish and lead a scientific community dedicated to solving nanoscale science integration challenges; and (6) Create a single user facility program that combines expertise and facilities at both Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories. The CINT user pro
Sanders, Antonya [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Integrating the Integrators - A Roadmap to Success
The U.S. Department of Energy Environmental Management's (DOE-EM) investments in science and technology, as well as science and technology investments associated with other parts of the DOE are aimed at meeting the Departments cleanup goals. These investments, primarily focused on EM's cleanup mission, comprise the Environmental Quality Research and Development (R&D) portfolios. Synchronizing EM's Cleanup Project Managers (operations facility and process owners throughout the DOE complex) operational needs with EM R&D including the extensive work of the six Focus Areas (major thrust areas within DOE-EM) has been a continuing challenge. This recent initiative to better integrate the R&D program is in response to evolving needs within the Department to apply proven system engineering methods to clarify requirements and define EM's process to effectively orchestrate their R&D Program. To optimize this partnership, DOE-EM's Integration Program is successfully unifying the operational needs with the R&D as described in this paper.
Olson, Craig Stott; Conner, Craig C
The U.S. Department of Energy Environmental Management's (DOE-EM) investments in science and technology, as well as science and technology investments associated with other parts of the DOE are aimed at meeting the Departments cleanup goals. These investments, primarily focused on EM's cleanup mission, comprise the Environmental Quality Research and Development (R&D) portfolios. Synchronizing EM's Cleanup Project Managers (operations facility and process owners throughout the DOE complex) operational needs with EM R&D including the extensive work of the six Focus Areas (major thrust areas within DOE-EM) has been a continuing challenge. This recent initiative to better integrate the R&D program is in response to evolving needs within the Department to apply proven systems engineering methods to clarify requirements and define EM's process to effectively orchestrate their R&D Program. To optimize this partnership, DOE-EM's Integration Program is successfully unifying the operational needs with the R&D as described in this paper.
C. Conner; C. Olson
Integrated Solar Power Converters: Wafer-Level Sub-Module Integrated DC/DC Converter
Solar ADEPT Project: CU-Boulder is developing advanced power conversion components that can be integrated into individual solar panels to improve energy yields. The solar energy that is absorbed and collected by a solar panel is converted into useable energy for the grid through an electronic component called an inverter. Many large, conventional solar energy systems use one, central inverter to convert energy. CU-Boulder is integrating smaller, microinverters into individual solar panels to improve the efficiency of energy collection. The University�s microinverters rely on electrical components that direct energy at high speeds and ensure that minimal energy is lost during the conversion process�improving the overall efficiency of the power conversion process. CU-Boulder is designing its power conversion devices for use on any type of solar panel.
RELAP-7 and PRONGHORN Initial Integration Plan
Modern nuclear reactor safety codes require the ability to solve detailed coupled neutronicthermal fluids problems. For larger cores, this implies fully coupled 3-D spatial dynamics with appropriate feedback models that can provide enough resolution to accurately compute core heat generation and removal during steady and unsteady conditions. The reactor analyis code PRONGHORN is being coupled to RELAP-7 as a first step to extend RELAP's current capabilities. This report details the mathematical models, the type of coupling, and the testing that will be used to produce an integrated system. RELAP-7 is a MOOSE-based application that solves the continuity, momentum, and energy equations in 1-D for a compressible fluid. The pipe and joint capabilities enable it to model parts of the PCU system. The PRONGHORN application, also developed on the MOOSE infrastructure, solves the coupled equations that define the neutron diffusion, fluid flow, and heat transfer in a 3-D core model. Initially, the two systems will be loosely coupled to simplify the transition towards a more complex infrastructure. The integration will be tested with the OECD/NEA MHTGR-350 Coupled Neutronics-Thermal Fluids benchmark model.
J. Ortensi; D. Andrs; A.A. Bingham; R.C. Martineau; J.W. Peterson
NREL: Energy Systems Integration - Webmaster
Your name: Your email address: Your message: Send Message Printable Version Energy Systems Integration Home Research & Development Energy Systems Integration Facility Working...
Integrated curriculum: art as catalyst.
??An arts based integrated curriculum plan is what resulted from a look at integrated curriculum and the advantages it has for student learning and success.� (more)
Kiser, Elizabeth
Integrity Automotive | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Automotive Jump to: navigation, search Name Integrity Automotive Place Kentucky Product Joint venture between Kentucky businessman Randal Waldman of Integrity Manufacturing and...
NREL: Transmission Grid Integration - Projects
Generation Integration Study Oahu Wind Integration and Transmission SIND Toolkit Electricity Market Design Energy Imbalance Markets Flexible Energy Scheduling Tool for...
SRS Tank Structural Integrity Program
integrity management, such as those captured in the SRS and Hanford Structural Integrity Charts, and not isolated to just NDE concerns.
NREL: Transmission Grid Integration - Publications
Publications Publications Want updates about future transmission grid integration webinars and publications? Join our mailing list. NREL has an extensive collection of publications related to transmission integration research. Explore the resources below to learn more. Selected Project Publications Read selected publications related to these transmission integration projects: Western Wind and Solar Integration Study Eastern Renewable Generation Integration Study Oahu Wind Integration and Transmission Study Flexible Energy Scheduling Tool for Integration of Variable generation (FESTIV) Active power controls Forecasting Grid Simulation. NREL Publications Database NREL's publications database offers a variety of documents related to transmission integration that were written by NREL staff and
Improving Schema Matching with Linked Data
With today's public data sets containing billions of data items, more and more companies are looking to integrate external data with their traditional enterprise data to improve business intelligence analysis. These distributed data sources however exhibit heterogeneous data formats and terminologies and may contain noisy data. In this paper, we present a novel framework that enables business users to semi-automatically perform data integration on potentially noisy tabular data. This framework offers an extension to Google Refine with novel schema matching algorithms leveraging Freebase rich types. First experiments show that using Linked Data to map cell values with instances and column headers with types improves significantly the quality of the matching results and therefore should lead to more informed decisions.
Assaf, Ahmad; Senart, Aline; Follenfant, Corentin; Troncy, Rapha�l; Trastour, David
Florida Solar Energy Center (Building America Partnership for Improved
(Building America Partnership for Improved (Building America Partnership for Improved Residential Construction Jump to: navigation, search Name Florida Solar Energy Center (Building America Partnership for Improved Residential Construction Place Orlando, FL Website http://www.floridasolarenergyc References Florida Solar Energy Center (Building America Partnership for Improved Residential Construction[1] Information About Partnership with NREL Partnership with NREL Yes Partnership Type Incubator Partnering Center within NREL Electricity Resources & Building Systems Integration LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! Florida Solar Energy Center (Building America Partnership for Improved Residential Construction is a company located in Orlando, FL. References
The Integral Fast Reactor: A practical approach to waste management
This report discusses development of the method for pyroprocessing of spent fuel from the Integral Fast Reactor (or Advanced Liquid Metal Reactor). The technology demonstration phase, in which recycle will be demonstrated with irradiated fuel from the EBR-II reactor has been reached. Methods for recovering actinides from spent LWR fuel are at an earlier stage of development but appear to be technically feasible at this time, and a large-scale demonstration of this process has begun. The utilization of fully compatible processes for recycling valuable spent fuel materials promises to provide substantial economic incentives for future applications of the pyroprocessing technology.
Laidler, J.J.
Distribution Integrity Management Plant (DIMP)
This document is the distribution integrity management plan (Plan) for the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Natural Gas Distribution System. This Plan meets the requirements of 49 CFR Part 192, Subpart P Distribution Integrity Management Programs (DIMP) for the LANL Natural Gas Distribution System. This Plan was developed by reviewing records and interviewing LANL personnel. The records consist of the design, construction, operation and maintenance for the LANL Natural Gas Distribution System. The records system for the LANL Natural Gas Distribution System is limited, so the majority of information is based on the judgment of LANL employees; the maintenance crew, the Corrosion Specialist and the Utilities and Infrastructure (UI) Civil Team Leader. The records used in this report are: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) 7100.1-1, Report of Main and Service Line Inspection, Natural Gas Leak Survey, Gas Leak Response Report, Gas Leak and Repair Report, and Pipe-to-Soil Recordings. The specific elements of knowledge of the infrastructure used to evaluate each threat and prioritize risks are listed in Sections 6 and 7, Threat Evaluation and Risk Prioritization respectively. This Plan addresses additional information needed and a method for gaining that data over time through normal activities. The processes used for the initial assessment of Threat Evaluation and Risk Prioritization are the methods found in the Simple, Handy Risk-based Integrity Management Plan (SHRIMP{trademark}) software package developed by the American Pipeline and Gas Agency (APGA) Security and Integrity Foundation (SIF). SHRIMP{trademark} uses an index model developed by the consultants and advisors of the SIF. Threat assessment is performed using questions developed by the Gas Piping Technology Company (GPTC) as modified and added to by the SHRIMP{trademark} advisors. This Plan is required to be reviewed every 5 years to be continually refined and improved. Records for all piping system installed after the effective date of this Plan will be captured and retained in the UI records documentation system. Primary Utility Asbuilts are maintained by Utilities Mapping (UMAP) and additional records are maintained on the N drive. Engineering Change Notices (ECNs) are stored on the N drive under configuration management and kept up by Utilities and Infrastructure Division Office (UI-DO). Records include, at a minimum, the location where new piping and appurtenances are installed and the material of which they are constructed.
Gonzales, Jerome F. [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Integrated Micro Nano Systems Integrated Micro Nano Systems
#12;Integrated Micro Nano Systems 2 #12;Integrated Micro Nano Systems 3 Val Jones (Ed.) Symposium on Integrated Micro Nano Systems: Convergence of bio and nanotechnologies, Enschede, The Netherlands, June 2006 Micro Nano Systems 4 #12;Integrated Micro Nano Systems 5 Preface In order to explore the convergence
Al Hanbali, Ahmad
Integrated Safety Management Workshop Registration, PIA, Idaho...
Integrated Safety Management Workshop Registration, PIA, Idaho National Laboratory Integrated Safety Management Workshop Registration, PIA, Idaho National Laboratory Integrated...
Your Improvement Suggestions Requested
... Once you have joined, click on the Subgroup tab and chose Improvement Day 2010. By E-mail. If you can't create a LinkedIn ...
Agricultural Improvement Loan Program
The Agricultural Improvement Loan Program is administered by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture through the Minnesota Rural Finance Authority (RFA) and provides loans to farmers for...
Quantifying the effects of three-dimensional subsurface heterogeneity on Hortonian runoff processes using a fully-coupled numerical, stochastic approach.
The impact of three-dimensional subsurface heterogeneity on hillslope runoff generated by excess infiltration (so called Hortonian runoff) is examined. A fully-coupled, parallel subsurface overland flow model is used to simulate runoff from an idealized hillslope. Ensembles of correlated, Gaussian random fields of saturated hydraulic conductivity are used to create uncertainty and variability (i.e. structure) due to subsurface heterogeneity. A large number of cases are simulated in a parametric manner with variance of the hydraulic conductivity varied over two orders of magnitude. These cases include rainfall rates above, equal and below the geometric mean of the hydraulic conductivity distribution. These cases are also compared to theoretical considerations of runoff production based on simple assumptions regarding (1) the rainfall rate and the value of hydraulic conductivity in the surface cell using a spatially-indiscriminant approach; and (2) a percolation-theory type approach to incorporate so-called runon. Simulations to test the ergodicity of hydraulic conductivity on hillslope runoff are also performed. Results show three-dimensional features (particularly in the vertical dimension) in the hydraulic conductivity distributions that create shallow perching, which has an important effect on runoff behavior that is fundamentally different in character than previous two dimensional analyses. The simple theories are shown to be very poor predictors of the saturated area that might runoff due to excess infiltration. It is also shown that ergodicity is reached only for a large number of integral scales ({approx}30) and not for cases where the rainfall rate is less than the geometric mean of the saturated hydraulic conductivity.
Maxwell, R M; Kollet, S J
Improved Numerical Method for Calculation of 4-Body Transition Amplitudes
In order to study 4-body atomic collisions such as excitation-ionization, transfer with target excitation, and double electron capture, the calculation of a nine-dimensional numerical integral is often required. This calculation can become computationally expensive, especially when calculating fully differential cross sections (FDCS), where the positions and momenta of all the particles are known. We have developed a new technique for calculating FDCS using fewer computing hours, but more memory. This new technique allows for much more efficient calculations and the use of many fewer resources.
Harris, A L
Integrating Program Component Executables
Integrating Integrating Program Component Executables on Distributed Memory Architectures via MPH Chris Ding and Yun He Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract A growing trend in developing large and complex ap- plications on today's Teraflop computers is to integrate stand-alone and/or semi-independent program components into a comprehensive simulation package. One example is the climate system model which consists of atmosphere, ocean, land-surface and sea-ice. Each component is semi- independent and has been developed at different institu- tions. We study how this multi-component multi-executable application can run effectively on distributed memory archi- tectures. We identify five effective execution modes and de- velop the MPH library to support
Experimental data were collected on over 70 light water moderated, fully enriched uranium, stainless steel, critical cores. An equation for the critical mass of cores with a buckling of 0.007 cm/sup -2/ that is lineally dependent on stainless steel volume fraction and grams of B/sup 10/ was compared with available critical experiments and found to yield reasonable results. A correlation method, relating buckling to ( xi SIGMA /sub s// SIGMA /sub a/) was found to fit the available experiments. (auth)
Lee, D.H.
Integrated system design report
The primary objective of the integrated system test phase is to demonstrate the commercial potential of a coal fueled diesel engine in its actual operating environment. The integrated system in this project is defined as a coal fueled diesel locomotive. This locomotive, shown on drawing 41D715542, is described in the separate Concept Design Report. The test locomotive will be converted from an existing oil fueled diesel locomotive in three stages, until it nearly emulates the concept locomotive. Design drawings of locomotive components (diesel engine, locomotive, flatcar, etc.) are included.
Smart Grid Integration Laboratory
The initial federal funding for the Colorado State University Smart Grid Integration Laboratory is through a Congressionally Directed Project (CDP), DE-OE0000070 Smart Grid Integration Laboratory. The original program requested in three one-year increments for staff acquisition, curriculum development, and instrumentation �?? all which will benefit the Laboratory. This report focuses on the initial phase of staff acquisition which was directed and administered by DOE NETL/ West Virginia under Project Officer Tom George. Using this CDP funding, we have developed the leadership and intellectual capacity for the SGIC. This was accomplished by investing (hiring) a core team of Smart Grid Systems engineering faculty focused on education, research, and innovation of a secure and smart grid infrastructure. The Smart Grid Integration Laboratory will be housed with the separately funded Integrid Laboratory as part of CSU�??s overall Smart Grid Integration Center (SGIC). The period of performance of this grant was 10/1/2009 to 9/30/2011 which included one no cost extension due to time delays in faculty hiring. The Smart Grid Integration Laboratory�??s focus is to build foundations to help graduate and undergraduates acquire systems engineering knowledge; conduct innovative research; and team externally with grid smart organizations. Using the results of the separately funded Smart Grid Workforce Education Workshop (May 2009) sponsored by the City of Fort Collins, Northern Colorado Clean Energy Cluster, Colorado State University Continuing Education, Spirae, and Siemens has been used to guide the hiring of faculty, program curriculum and education plan. This project develops faculty leaders with the intellectual capacity to inspire its students to become leaders that substantially contribute to the development and maintenance of Smart Grid infrastructure through topics such as: (1) Distributed energy systems modeling and control; (2) Energy and power conversion; (3) Simulation of electrical power distribution system that integrates significant quantities of renewable and distributed energy resources; (4) System dynamic modeling that considers end-user behavior, economics, security and regulatory frameworks; (5) Best practices for energy management IT control solutions for effective distributed energy integration (including security with the underlying physical power systems); (6) Experimental verification of effects of various arrangements of renewable generation, distributed generation and user load types along with conventional generation and transmission. Understanding the core technologies for enabling them to be used in an integrated fashion within a distribution network remains is a benefit to the future energy paradigm and future and present energy engineers.
Wade Troxell
Material Performance of Fully-Ceramic Micro-Encapsulated Fuel under Selected LWR Design Basis Scenarios: Final Report
The extension to LWRs of the use of Deep-Burn coated particle fuel envisaged for HTRs has been investigated. TRISO coated fuel particles are used in Fully-Ceramic Microencapsulated (FCM) fuel within a SiC matrix rather than the graphite of HTRs. TRISO particles are well characterized for uranium-fueled HTRs. However, operating conditions of LWRs are different from those of HTRs (temperature, neutron energy spectrum, fast fluence levels, power density). Furthermore, the time scales of transient core behavior during accidents are usually much shorter and thus more severe in LWRs. The PASTA code was updated for analysis of stresses in coated particle FCM fuel. The code extensions enable the automatic use of neutronic data (burnup, fast fluence as a function of irradiation time) obtained using the DRAGON neutronics code. An input option for automatic evaluation of temperature rise during anticipated transients was also added. A new thermal model for FCM was incorporated into the code; so-were updated correlations (for pyrocarbon coating layers) suitable to estimating dimensional changes at the high fluence levels attained in LWR DB fuel. Analyses of the FCM fuel using the updated PASTA code under nominal and accident conditions show: (1) Stress levels in SiC-coatings are low for low fission gas release (FGR) fractions of several percent, as based on data of fission gas diffusion in UO{sub 2} kernels. However, the high burnup level of LWR-DB fuel implies that the FGR fraction is more likely to be in the range of 50-100%, similar to Inert Matrix Fuels (IMFs). For this range the predicted stresses and failure fractions of the SiC coating are high for the reference particle design (500 {micro}mm kernel diameter, 100 {micro}mm buffer, 35 {micro}mm IPyC, 35 {micro}mm SiC, 40 {micro}mm OPyC). A conservative case, assuming 100% FGR, 900K fuel temperature and 705 MWd/kg (77% FIMA) fuel burnup, results in a 8.0 x 10{sup -2} failure probability. For a 'best-estimate' FGR fraction of 50% and a more modest burnup target level of 500 MWd/kg ,the failure probability drops below 2.0 x 10{sup -5}, the typical performance of TRISO fuel made under the German HTR research program. An optimization study on particle design shows improved performance if the buffer size is increased from 100 to 120 {micro}mm while reducing the OPyC layer. The presence of the latter layer does not provide much benefit at high burnup levels (and fast fluence levels). Normally the shrinkage of the OPyC would result in a beneficial compressive force on the SiC coating. However, at high fluence levels the shrinkage is expected to turn into swelling, resulting in the opposite effect. However, this situation is different when the SiC-matrix, in which the particles are embedded, is also considered: the OPyC swelling can result in a beneficial compressive force on the SiC coating since outward displacement of the OPyC outer surface is inhibited by the presence of the also-swelling SiC matrix. Taking some credit for this effect by adopting a 5 {micro}mm SiC-matrix layer, the optimized particle (100 {micro}mm buffer and 10 {micro}mm OPyC), gives a failure probability of 1.9 x 10{sup -4} for conservative conditions. During a LOCA transient, assuming core re-flood in 30 seconds, the temperature of the coated particle can be expected to be about 200K higher than nominal temperature (900K). For this event the particle failure fraction for a conservative case is 1.0 x 10{sup -2}, for the optimized particle design. For a FGR-fraction of 50% this value reduces to 6.4 x 10{sup -4}.
B. Boer; R. S. Sen; M. A. Pope; A. M. Ougouag
Hamiltonian systems and symplectic integrators
Keywords: Hamiltonian systems, Runge-Kutta type methods, conservation of energy, symplectic integrators, symplectic stability
Peter G�rtz; Rudolf Scherer
Security Outreach and Integration Group
Security Outreach and Integration Group. Welcome. The US economy, citizens, and government rely on information technology. ...
CNST Researchers Develop Integrated Nanomechanical ...
CNST Researchers Develop Integrated Nanomechanical Sensor for Atomic Force Microscopy. June 1, 2011. ...
Improved plug valve
An improved plug valve wherein a novel shape for the valve plug and valve chamber provide mating surfaces for improved wear characteristics is described. The novel shape of the valve plug is a frustum of a body of revolution of a curve known as a tractrix, a solid shape otherwise known as a pseudosphere.
Wordin, J.J.
Improved wire chamber
An improved gas mixture for use with proportional counter devices, such as Geiger-Mueller tubes and drift chambers. The improved gas mixture provides a stable drift velocity while eliminating wire aging caused by prior art gas mixtures. The new gas mixture is comprised of equal parts argon and ethane gas and having approximately 0.25% isopropyl alcohol vapor. 2 figs.
Atac, M.
Near-Surface Engineered Environmental Barrier Integrity
The INEEL Environmental Systems Research and Analysis (ESRA) program has launched a new R&D project on Near-Surface Engineered Environmental Barrier Integrity to increase knowledge and capabilities for using engineering and ecological components to improve the integrity of near-surface barriers used to confine contaminants from the public and the environment. The knowledge gained and the capabilities built will help verify the adequacy of past remedial decisions and enable improved solutions for future cleanup decisions. The research is planned to (a) improve the knowledge of degradation mechanisms (weathering, biological, geological, chemical, radiological, and catastrophic) in times shorter than service life, (b) improve modeling of barrier degradation dynamics, (c) develop sensor systems to identify degradation prior to failure, and (d) provide a better basis for developing and testing of new barrier systems to increase reliability and reduce the risk of failure. Our project combines selected exploratory studies (benchtop and field scale), coupled effects accelerated aging testing and the meso-scale, testing of new monitoring concepts, and modeling of dynamic systems. The performance of evapo- transpiration, capillary, and grout-based barriers will be examined.
Piet, Steven James; Breckenridge, Robert Paul; Beller, John Michael; Geesey, Gill Gregroy; Glenn, David Frankie; Jacobson, Jacob Jordan; Martian, Pete; Matthern, Gretchen Elise; Mattson, Earl Douglas; Porro, Indrek; Southworth, Finis Hio; Steffler, Eric Darwin; Stormberg, Angelica Isabel; Stormberg, Gregory John; Versteeg, Roelof Jan; White, Gregory J
The INEEL Environmental Systems Research and Analysis (ESRA) program has launched a new R and D project on Near-Surface Engineered Environmental Barrier Integrity to increase knowledge and capabilities for using engineering and ecological components to improve the integrity of near-surface barriers used to confine contaminants from the public and the environment. The knowledge gained and the capabilities built will help verify the adequacy of past remedial decisions and enable improved solutions for future cleanup decisions. The research is planned to (a) improve the knowledge of degradation mechanisms (weathering, biological, geological, chemical, radiological, and catastrophic) in times shorter than service life, (b) improve modeling of barrier degradation dynamics, (c) develop sensor systems to identify degradation prior to failure, and (d) provide a better basis for developing and testing of new barrier systems to increase reliability and reduce the risk of failure. Our project combine s selected exploratory studies (benchtop and field scale), coupled effects accelerated aging testing and the meso-scale, testing of new monitoring concepts, and modeling of dynamic systems. The performance of evapo-transpiration, capillary, and grout-based barriers will be examined.
Piet, S.J.; Breckenridge, R.P.
Measurement, Analysis, and Improvement
6 Measurement, Analysis, and Improvement Process 11_0304 Page 1 of 6 6 Measurement, Analysis, and Improvement Process 11_0304 Page 1 of 6 EOTA - Business Process Document Title: Measurement, Analysis, and Improvement Process Document Number: P-006 Rev 11_0304 Document Owner: Elizabeth Sousa Backup Owner: Melissa Otero Approver(s): Melissa Otero Parent Document: Q-001, Quality Manual Notify of Changes: EOTA Employees Referenced Document(s): P-008 Corrective-Preventive Action Process, P-004 Business System Management Review and REG-003 Records Register P-006 Measurement, Analysis, and Improvement Process 11_0304 Page 2 of 6 Revision History: Rev. Description of Change A Initial Release 08_0416 Changed verbiage in Step 6 to, "CAR/PAR/IO using P-008, Corrective-Preventive Action & Improvement Opportunity"
Milestone Plan Process Improvement
Milestone Plan Process Improvement Milestone Plan Process Improvement Milestone Plan Process Improvement Background In response to our community's concern over the milestone plan (MP) process within the system, the STRIPES Project Office initiated an in-depth evaluation of the required steps and issues surrounding this process. We concluded that the MP process could be improved for most users by tuning the system configuration. With the approval of both the STRIPES Executive Steering Committee and the STRIPES Project Office, we launched the MP Process Improvement Initiative. After many meetings with members of the STRIPES Team and Working Group, we are ready to "go-live" with this initiative. On October 1 st , 2012 the new MP process will be implemented for use by most field offices.
Process damage-free damascene metal gate technology for gentle integration of epitaxially grown high-k
This paper presents the first successful attempt to integrate crystalline high-k gate dielectrics into a virtually damage-free damascene metal gate process. Process details as well as initial electrical characterization results on fully functional gate ... Keywords: CMP, Crystalline high-k gate dielectric, Damascene metal gate, Gadolinium oxide, Rare-earth oxide
Ralf Endres; Yordan Stefanov; Frank Wessely; Florian Zaunert; Udo Schwalke
Systems of multicomponent reactive transport in porous media that are large, highly nonlinear, and tightly coupled due to complex nonlinear reactions and strong solution-media interactions are often described by a system of coupled nonlinear partial differential algebraic equations (PDAEs). A preconditioned Jacobian-Free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) solution approach is applied to solve the PDAEs in a fully coupled, fully implicit manner. The advantage of the JFNK method is that it avoids explicitly computing and storing the Jacobian matrix during Newton nonlinear iterations for computational efficiency considerations. This solution approach is also enhanced by physics-based blocking preconditioning and multigrid algorithm for efficient inversion of preconditioners. Based on the solution approach, we have developed a reactive transport simulator named RAT. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and massive scalability of the simulator for reactive transport problems involving strong solution-mineral interactions and fast kinetics. It has been applied to study the highly nonlinearly coupled reactive transport system of a promising in situ environmental remediation that involves urea hydrolysis and calcium carbonate precipitation.
Luanjing Guo; Chuan Lu; Hai Huang; Derek R. Gaston
Discontinuous Function Integration
Discontinuous Function Integration Discontinuous Function Integration Name: Clarence Status: student Grade: 9-12 Location: CA Country: USA Date: Winter 2011-2012 Question: We know that the area under a continuous function on a certain interval, for instance, [a,b], can be found out by definite integration (taking limit of a sum of areas of rectangles). But when the curve is a discontinuous function, the limit does not exist and is not independent of the choice of the height of rectangle in each delta x. Does it mean that the height in an interval delta x including f(x) of undefined value can be any value so that a limiting value (area under the curve) does not exist? Replies: If I understand your question correctly, here is a way out. The limits of integration are divided into sections [x1,y1] to [x2,y2] over which the function is continuous. Then the next section [x2,y2] to [x3,y3] over which the function is continuous is added to the first section. You can carry this on as long as you need to include each of the separate segments. That is not so hard, but I am not completely sure that is what you are asking. There are some pathological functions where this pasting together does not work so well.
Integrated Management Requirements mapping
This document contains five appendices documenting how Sandia implemented the DOE Conduct of Operations (5480.19) and DOE Quality Assurance (5700.6C) orders. It provides a mapping of the Sandia integrated requirements to the specific requirements of each Order and a mapping to Sandia's approved program for implementing the Conduct of Operations Order.
Holmes, J.T.; Andrews, N.S.
Bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit
Disclosed are monolithic bioelectronic devices comprising a bioreporter and an OASIC. These bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit are useful in detecting substances such as pollutants, explosives, and heavy-metals residing in inhospitable areas such as groundwater, industrial process vessels, and battlefields. Also disclosed are methods and apparatus for environmental pollutant detection, oil exploration, drug discovery, industrial process control, and hazardous chemical monitoring.
Simpson, Michael L. (Knoxville, TN); Sayler, Gary S. (Blaine, TN); Paulus, Michael J. (Knoxville, TN)
Data Integration Data Analysis
Keywords Databases Data Integration Data Analysis Ontology Management » Prof. Dr. Erhard Rahm Prof. Dr. Erhard Rahm and his re- search group focus on advanced methods for data management, in- tegration and analysis of molecular- biological data. They, particularly, have developed comprehensive data
Schüler, Axel
Modular Integrated Energy Systems
of Honeywell's data collection activity for the integrated energy system (or CHP -- Cooling, Heat and Power recovery steam generator, and a waste heat fired absorption chiller. The key goals of the project are having on-line optimization, · Develop a 1000 Ton exhaust-driven absorption chiller, · Install
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
The Integral Fast Reactor
Argonne National Laboratory, since 1984, has been developing the Integral Fast Reactor (IFR). This paper will describe the way in which this new reactor concept came about; the technical, public acceptance, and environmental issues that are addressed by the IFR; the technical progress that has been made; and our expectations for this program in the near term. 5 refs., 3 figs.
Till, C.E.; Chang, Y.I. (Argonne National Lab., IL (USA)); Lineberry, M.J. (Argonne National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID (USA))
Toward fully self-consistent simulation of the interaction of E-Clouds and beams with WARP-POSINST
To predict the evolution of electron clouds and their effect on the beam, the high energy physics community has relied so far on the complementary use of 'buildup' and 'single/multi-bunch instability' reduced descriptions. The former describes the evolution of electron clouds at a given location in the ring, or 'station', under the influence of prescribed beams and external fields [1], while the latter (sometimes also referred as the 'quasi-static' approximation [2]) follows the interaction between the beams and the electron clouds around the accelerator with prescribed initial distributions of electrons, assumed to be concentrated at a number of discrete 'stations' around the ring. Examples of single bunch instability codes include HEADTAIL [3], QuickPIC [4, 5], and PEHTS [6]. By contrast, a fully self-consistent approach, in which both the electron cloud and beam distributions evolve simultaneously under their mutual influence without any restriction on their relative motion, is required for modeling the interaction of high-intensity beams with electron clouds for heavy-ion beam-driven fusion and warm-dense matter science. This community has relied on the use of Particle-In-Cell (PIC) methods through the development and use of the WARP-POSINST code suite [1, 7, 8]. The development of novel numerical techniques (including adaptive mesh refinement, and a new 'drift-Lorentz' particle mover for tracking charged particles in magnetic fields using large time steps) has enabled the first application of WARP-POSINST to the fully self-consistent modeling of beams and electron clouds in high energy accelerators [9], albeit for only a few betatron oscillations. It was recently observed [10] that there exists a preferred frame of reference which minimizes the number of computer operations needed to simulate the interaction of relativistic objects. This opens the possibility of reducing the cost of fully self-consistent simulations for the interaction of ultrarelativistic beams with electron cloud by orders of magnitude. The computational cost of the fully self-consistent mode is then predicted to be comparable to that of the quasi-static mode, assuming that several stations per betatron period are needed. During the workshop, there was some debate about the number of stations per betatron period that are needed when using the quasi-static mode. The argument was made that if there is less than one station per betatron period, then artificial resonances can be triggered and the resulting emittance growth provides an upper bound. The emittance growth thus obtained will fall either above or below the operational requirements of the machine. In the latter case, one can conclude that the electron effect that has been simulated is of no concern. However, if the emittance growth that was obtained is above the threshold, then the results become inconclusive, and simulations which resolve the betatron motion are then needed. In this case, according to [10], the fully self-consistent approach becomes an option. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether this option is indeed practical.
LLNL; Furman, M.A.; Furman, M.A.; Celata, C.M.; Sonnad, K.; Venturini, M.; Cohen, R.H.; Friedman, A.; Grote, D.P.; Vay, J.-L.
Condenser Improvements for PWRs
Condensers are the first line of defense against the leakage of corrosive impurities into high-purity PWR coolant. Thus, condenser integrity is more critical than that of almost any other component. Of the condenser-upgrading methods outlined in this report, retubing with titanium tubes welded to titanium-clad carbon steel tubesheets is the single most important retrofit action.
Blade Manufacturing Improvement Project: Final Report
The Blade Manufacturing Improvement Project explores new, unique and improved materials integrated with innovative manufacturing techniques that promise substantial economic enhancements for the fabrication of wind turbine blades. The primary objectives promote the development of advanced wind turbine blade manufacturing in ways that lower blade costs, cut rotor weight, reduce turbine maintenance costs, improve overall turbine quality and increase ongoing production reliability. Foam Matrix (FMI) has developed a wind turbine blade with an engineered foam core, incorporating advanced composite materials and using Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) processes to form a monolithic blade structure incorporating a single molding tool. Patented techniques are employed to increase blade load bearing capability and insure the uniform quality of the manufactured blade. In production quantities, FMI manufacturing innovations may return a sizable per blade cost reduction when compared to the cost of producing comparable blades with conventional methods.
Heat Pipe Integrated Microsystems
The trend in commercial electronics packaging to deliver ever smaller component packaging has enabled the development of new highly integrated modules meeting the demands of the next generation nano satellites. At under ten kilograms, these nano satellites will require both a greater density electronics and a melding of satellite structure and function. Better techniques must be developed to remove the subsequent heat generated by the active components required to-meet future computing requirements. Integration of commercially available electronics must be achieved without the increased costs normally associated with current generation multi chip modules. In this paper we present a method of component integration that uses silicon heat pipe technology and advanced flexible laminate circuit board technology to achieve thermal control and satellite structure. The' electronics/heat pipe stack then becomes an integral component of the spacecraft structure. Thermal management on satellites has always been a problem. The shrinking size of electronics and voltage requirements and the accompanying reduction in power dissipation has helped the situation somewhat. Nevertheless, the demands for increased onboard processing power have resulted in an ever increasing power density within the satellite body. With the introduction of nano satellites, small satellites under ten kilograms and under 1000 cubic inches, the area available on which to place hot components for proper heat dissipation has dwindled dramatically. The resulting satellite has become nearly a solid mass of electronics with nowhere to dissipate heat to space. The silicon heat pipe is attached to an aluminum frame using a thermally conductive epoxy or solder preform. The frame serves three purposes. First, the aluminum frame provides a heat conduction path from the edge of the heat pipe to radiators on the surface of the satellite. Secondly, it serves as an attachment point for extended structures attached to the satellite such as solar panels, radiators, antenna and.telescopes (for communications or sensors). Finally, the packages make thermal contact to the surface of the silicon heat pipe through soft thermal pads. Electronic components can be placed on both sides of the flexible circuit interconnect. Silicon heat pipes have a number of advantages over heat pipe constructed from other materials. Silicon heat pipes offer the ability to put the heat pipe structure beneath the active components of a processed silicon wafer. This would be one way of efficiently cooling the heat generated by wafer scale integrated systems. Using this technique, all the functions of a satellite could be reduced to a few silicon wafers. The integration of the heat pipe and the electronics would further reduce the size and weight of the satellite.
Gass, K.; Robertson, P.J.; Shul, R.; Tigges, C.
Improvements in 500-kHz Ultrasonic Phased-Array Probe Designs for Evaluation of Thick Section Cast Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Welds
PNNL has been studying and performing confirmatory research on the inspection of piping welds in coarse-grained steels for over 30 years. More recent efforts have been the application of low frequency phased array technology to this difficult to inspect material. The evolution of 500 kHz PA probes and the associated electronics and scanning protocol are documented in this report. The basis for the probe comparisons are responses from one mechanical fatigue crack and two thermal fatigue cracks in large-bore cast mockup specimens on loan from the Electric Power Research Institution. One of the most significant improvements was seen in the use of piezo-composite elements in the later two probes instead of the piezo-ceramic material used in the prototype array. This allowed a reduction in system gain of 30 dB and greatly reduced electronic noise. The latest probe had as much as a 5 dB increase in signal to noise, adding to its flaw discrimination capability. The system electronics for the latest probe were fully optimized for a 500 kHz center frequency, however significant improvements were not observed in the center frequency of the flaw responses. With improved scanner capabilities, smaller step sizes were used, allowing both line and raster data improvements to be made with the latest probe. The small step sizes produce high resolution images that improve flaw discrimination and, along with the increased signal-to-noise ratio inherent in the latest probe design, enhanced detection of the upper regions of the flaw make depth sizing more plausible. Finally, the physical sizes of the probes were progressively decreased allowing better access to the area of interest on specimens with weld crowns, and the latest probe was designed with non-integral wedges providing flexibility in focusing on different specimen geometries.
Crawford, Susan L.; Cinson, Anthony D.; Moran, Traci L.; Anderson, Michael T.; Diaz, Aaron A.
Cycle Chemistry Improvement Program
The purity of water and steam is central to ensuring fossil plant component availability and reliability. This report, which describes formal cycle chemistry improvement programs at nine utilities, will assist utilities in achieving significant operation and maintenance cost reductions.
An Improved Humidity Sensor
A common feature of all capacitance humidity sensors is their undesirable hysteresis effect due to the unequal adsorption and desorption of water vapor on the surfaces of their dielectric porous materials. To eliminate this error, an improved ...
Shixuan Pang; Hartmut Gra�l; Horst J�ger
Fully Dense Ferrous Parts
Table 5 Typical mechanical properties of P/M forged low-alloy steels...Elongation in 25 mm (1 in.), % Reduction in area, % Charpy V-notch impact energy Hardness Fracture toughness ( K Ic ) Density, % of theoretical Ref MPa ksi MPa ksi J ft · lbf MPa ksi Fe-2MCM-0.67C (a) (b) �?� 960 139.3 590 86 �?� 12 �?� �?� 98 HRB �?� �?� �?� 3 Fe-2MCM-0.67C (a) �?� 1900 275.6 1500 218 �?� 4.5 �?� �?�...
Active Desiccant Dehumidification Module Integration with Rooftop Packaged HVAC
This report summarizes a research and development program that produced a stand-alone active desiccant module (ADM) that can be easily integrated with new or existing packaged cooling equipment. The program also produced a fully integrated hybrid system, combining the active desiccant section with a conventional direct expansion air-conditioning unit, that resulted in a compact, low-cost, energy-efficient end product. Based upon the results of this investigation, both systems were determined to be highly viable products for commercialization. Major challenges--including wheel development, compact packaging, regeneration burner development, control optimization, and low-cost design--were all successfully addressed by the final prototypes produced and tested as part of this program. Extensive laboratory testing was completed in the SEMCO laboratory for each of the two ADM system approaches. This testing confirmed the performance of the ADM systems to be attractive compared with that of alternate approaches currently used to precondition outdoor air, where a return air path is not readily available for passive desiccant recovery or where first cost is the primary design criterion. Photographs, schematics, and performance maps are provided for the ADM systems that were developed; and many of the control advantages are discussed. Based upon the positive results of this research and development program, field tests are under way for fully instrumented pilot installations of ADM systems in both a hotel/motel and a restaurant.
Fischer, J
Integrated Global Nuclear Materials Management - Preliminary Concepts -
Approach to Connect Global Objectives and Local Actions: (1) Articulate global objectives into a hierarchy of subsystem requirements and local attributes and measures; (2) Establish a baseline system and viable alternatives through the interactions and relationships (e.g., networks) of local system elements and their options; (3) Evaluate performance of system alternatives and develop improved nuclear material management strategies and technologies; and (4) The need to address greatest concerns first (prioritized or graded approach) and to make tradeoffs among implementation options and competing objectives entails a risk-based approach. IGNMM could provide a systematic understanding of global nuclear materials management and evolutionarily improve and integrate the management through an active architecture, using for example, situation awareness, system models, methods, technologies, and international cooperation. Different tools would be used within the overall framework to address individual issues on the desired geographic scale that could be easily linked to broader analyses. Life-cycle system analyses would allow for evaluating material path alternatives on an integrated global scale. Disconnects, overlaps, technical options, and alternatives for optimizing nuclear materials processes could be evaluated in an integrated manner.
Dreicer, M; Jones, E; Richardson, J
Roadmap Integration Team Presentation
Presentation Presentation NP03-00 Slide 1 Generation IV Technology Roadmap NERAC Meeting: Washington, D.C. September 30, 2002 Roadmap Integration Team Presentation NP03-00 Slide 2 NERAC Meeting September 30, 2002 Generation IV Technology Roadmap * Identifies systems deployable by 2030 or earlier * Specifies six systems that offer significant advances towards: - Sustainability - Economics - Safety and reliability - Proliferation resistance and physical protection * Summarizes R&D activities and priorities for the systems * Lays the foundation for Generation IV R&D program plans Roadmap Integration Team Presentation NP03-00 Slide 3 NERAC Meeting September 30, 2002 The Technical Roadmap Report * Discusses the benefits, goals and challenges, and the importance of the fuel cycle * Describes evaluation and selection process
Integrated Project Team (IPT) Review Module Integrated Project Team (IPT) Review Module March 2010 CD-0 This R O 0 Review Modul OFFICE OF Inte C CD-1 le was piloted F ENVIRO Standard R grated P Rev Critical Decis CD-2 M at the OR U 23 incorporated ONMENTAL Review Plan Project Te view Module sion (CD) Ap CD March 2010 33 Disposition in the Review L MANAGE n (SRP) eam (IPT e pplicability D-3 Project in 200 Module. EMENT T) CD-4 09. Lessons lea Post Ope arned have been eration n Standard Review Plan, 2 nd Edition, March 2010 i FOREWORD The Standard Review Plan (SRP) 1 provides a consistent, predictable corporate review framework to ensure that issues and risks that could challenge the success of Office of Environmental Management (EM) projects are identified early and addressed proactively. The internal EM
Nonlinear integrable ion traps
Quadrupole ion traps can be transformed into nonlinear traps with integrable motion by adding special electrostatic potentials. This can be done with both stationary potentials (electrostatic plus a uniform magnetic field) and with time-dependent electric potentials. These potentials are chosen such that the single particle Hamilton-Jacobi equations of motion are separable in some coordinate systems. The electrostatic potentials have several free adjustable parameters allowing for a quadrupole trap to be transformed into, for example, a double-well or a toroidal-well system. The particle motion remains regular, non-chaotic, integrable in quadratures, and stable for a wide range of parameters. We present two examples of how to realize such a system in case of a time-independent (the Penning trap) as well as a time-dependent (the Paul trap) configuration.
Nagaitsev, S.; /Fermilab; Danilov, V.; /SNS Project, Oak Ridge
ORNL integrated forecasting system
This paper describes the integrated system for forecasting electric energy and load. In the system, service area models of electrical energy (kWh) and load distribution (minimum and maximum loads and load duration curve) are linked to a state-level model of electrical energy (kWh). Thus, the service area forecasts are conditional upon the state-level forecasts. Such a linkage reduces considerably the data requirements for modeling service area electricity demand.
Rizy, C.G.
SAMGrid integration of SRMs
SAMGrid is the shared data handling framework of the two large Fermilab Run II collider experiments: DZero and CDF. In production since 1999 at D0, and going into production at CDF, the SAMGrid framework has been adapted over time to accommodate a variety of storage solutions and configurations, as well as the differing data processing models of these two experiments. This has been very successful for both experiments. Backed by primary data repositories of approximately 1 PB in size for each experiment, the SAMGrid framework delivers over 100 TB/day to DZero and CDF analyses at Fermilab and around the world. Each of the storage systems used with SAMGrid, however, has distinct interfaces, protocols, and behaviors. This led to different levels of integration of the various storage devices into the framework, which complicated the exploitation of their functionality and limited in some cases SAMGrid expansion across the experiments Grid. In an effort to simplify the SAMGrid storage interfaces, SAMGrid is adopting the Storage Resource Manager (SRM) concept as the universal interface to all storage devices. This simplifies the SAMGrid framework, especially the implementation of storage device interactions. It prepares the SAMGrid framework for future storage solutions equipped with SRM interfaces, without the need for long and risky software integration projects. In principle, any storage device with an SRM interface can be used with the SAMGrid framework. The integration of SRMs is an important further step towards evolving the SAMGrid framework into a co-operating collection of distinct, modular grid-oriented services. This report outlines how the SRMs are being integrated into the existing SAMGrid framework without disturbing on-going operations.
Kennedy, R.D.; Baranovski, A.; Garzoglio, G.; Illingworth, R.; Kreymer, A.; Kumar, A.; Loebel-Carpenter, L.; Lueking, L.; Lyon, A.; Merritt, W.; Terekhov, I.; Trumbo, J.; Veseli, S.; White, S.; /Fermilab; Burgon-Lyon, M.; St. Denis, R.; /Glasgow U.; Belforte, S.; /INFN, Trieste; Kerzel, U.; /Karlsruhe U.; Bartsch, V.; Leslie, M.; Stonjek, S.; /Oxford
Integration of Renewables: Preprint
This is an overview of renewable energy technologies, especially those that can be used for distributed generation of electricity or heat. It This paper reviews the types of technologies, their present usage in the United States, their advantages in terms of resources, availability, modularity, emissions, and integration in distributed energy systems. It reviews some of the history of their use and projects their growth and cost.
Bull, S.
Integrated Deployment | Department of Energy
Integrated Deployment Integrated Deployment Integrated Deployment Integrated technology deployment uses a comprehensive approach to implement a variety of efficiency and renewable energy technology solutions in communities and cities, federal agencies, international locations, and states and territories. need_alt Community Renewable Energy Deployment Webinars Hear about successful community renewable energy projects, including the challenges and barriers faced during development. Learn more Integrated Deployment Projects The following projects provide examples of how the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory have used an integrated approach to address various location-specific energy challenges that is both scalable and replicable around the world:
Integrated Assessment | Open Energy Information
Integrated Assessment Integrated Assessment Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Integrated Assessment: Mainstreaming sustainability into policymaking--A guidance manual Agency/Company /Organization: United Nations Environment Programme Topics: Background analysis Website: www.unep.ch/etb/publications/AI%20guidance%202009/UNEP%20IA%20final.pd Equivalent URI: cleanenergysolutions.org/content/times-integrated-assessment-model-0,h Language: English Policies: Deployment Programs DeploymentPrograms: Technical Assistance References: Integrated Assessment[1] The Times Integrated Assessment Model (TIAM) comprises several thousand technologies in all sectors of the energy system. It is characterized by several technical and economic parameters and by emission coefficients for
Existence and conditional energetic stability of three-dimensional fully localised solitary gravity-capillary water waves
In this paper we show that the hydrodynamic problem for three-dimensional water waves with strong surface-tension effects admits a fully localised solitary wave which decays to the undisturbed state of the water in every horizontal direction. The proof is based upon the classical variational principle that a solitary wave of this type is a critical point of the energy subject to the constraint that the momentum is fixed. We prove the existence of a minimiser of the energy subject to the constraint that the momentum is fixed and small. The existence of a small-amplitude solitary wave is thus assured, and since the energy and momentum are both conserved quantities a standard argument may be used to establish the stability of the set of minimisers as a whole. `Stability' is however understood in a qualified sense due to the lack of a global well-posedness theory for three-dimensional water waves.
Buffoni, Boris; Sun, Shu-Ming; Wahl�n, Erik
Boris Buffoni; Mark D. Groves; Shu-Ming Sun; Erik Wahl�n
Search for Bbar to Lambda_c+ X l- nu Decays in Events with a Fully Reconstructed B Meson
We present a search for semileptonic B decays to the charmed baryon {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +} based on 420 fb{sup -1} of data collected at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e{sup +}e{sup -} storage rings. By fully reconstructing the recoiling B in a hadronic decay mode, we reduce non-B backgrounds and determine the flavor of the signal B. We statistically correct the flavor for the effect of the B{sup 0} mixing. We obtain a 90% confidence level upper limit of {Beta}({bar B} {yields} {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +} X{ell}{sup -} {bar {nu}}{sub {ell}})/{Beta}({bar B} {yields} {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +} X) < 3.5%.
Lees, J.P.; Poireau, V.; Tisserand, V.; /Annecy, LAPP; Garra Tico, J.; Grauges, E.; /Barcelona U., ECM; Martinelli, M.; /INFN, Bari /Bari U.; Milanes, D.A.; /INFN, Bari; Palano, A.; Pappagallo, M.; /INFN, Bari /Bari U.; Eigen, G.; Stugu, B.; Sun, L.; /Bergen U.; Brown, D.N.; Kerth, L.T.; Kolomensky, Yu.G.; Lynch, G.; Tanabe, T.; /UC, Berkeley; Koch, H.; Schroeder, T.; /Ruhr U., Bochum; Asgeirsson, D.J.; Hearty, C.; /British Columbia U. /Brunel U. /Novosibirsk, IYF /UC, Irvine /UC, Riverside /UC, Santa Barbara /UC, Santa Cruz /Caltech /Cincinnati U. /Colorado U. /Colorado State U. /Dortmund U. /Dresden, Tech. U. /Ecole Polytechnique /Edinburgh U. /INFN, Ferrara /INFN, Ferrara /Ferrara U. /INFN, Ferrara /Frascati /INFN, Genoa /Genoa U. /INFN, Genoa /INFN, Genoa /Genoa U. /INFN, Genoa /Indian Inst. Tech., Guwahati /Harvard U. /Harvey Mudd Coll. /Heidelberg U. /Humboldt U., Berlin /Imperial Coll., London /Iowa State U. /Iowa State U. /Johns Hopkins U. /Paris U., VI-VII /LLNL, Livermore /Liverpool U. /Queen Mary, U. of London /Royal Holloway, U. of London /Royal Holloway, U. of London /Louisville U. /Mainz U., Inst. Kernphys. /Manchester U. /Maryland U. /Massachusetts U., Amherst /MIT /McGill U. /INFN, Milan /Milan U. /INFN, Milan /INFN, Milan /Milan U. /Mississippi U. /Montreal U. /INFN, Naples /Naples U. /NIKHEF, Amsterdam /NIKHEF, Amsterdam /Notre Dame U. /Ohio State U. /Oregon U. /INFN, Padua /Padua U. /INFN, Padua /INFN, Padua /Padua U. /Paris U., VI-VII /INFN, Perugia /Perugia U. /INFN, Pisa /Pisa U. /INFN, Pisa /Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore /INFN, Pisa /Pisa U. /INFN, Pisa /INFN, Pisa /Pisa U. /INFN, Pisa /Princeton U. /INFN, Rome /INFN, Rome /Rome U. /INFN, Rome /INFN, Rome /Rome U. /INFN, Rome /Rostock U. /Rutherford /DAPNIA, Saclay /SLAC /South Carolina U. /Southern Methodist U. /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SUNY, Albany /Tel Aviv U. /Tennessee U. /Texas Nuclear Corp., Austin /Texas U., Dallas /INFN, Turin /Turin U. /INFN, Trieste /Trieste U. /Valencia U. /Victoria U. /Warwick U. /Wisconsin U., Madison
iCycle: Integrated, multicriterial beam angle, and profile optimization for generation of coplanar and noncoplanar IMRT plans
Purpose: To introduce iCycle, a novel algorithm for integrated, multicriterial optimization of beam angles, and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) profiles. Methods: A multicriterial plan optimization with iCycle is based on a prescription called wish-list, containing hard constraints and objectives with ascribed priorities. Priorities are ordinal parameters used for relative importance ranking of the objectives. The higher an objective priority is, the higher the probability that the corresponding objective will be met. Beam directions are selected from an input set of candidate directions. Input sets can be restricted, e.g., to allow only generation of coplanar plans, or to avoid collisions between patient/couch and the gantry in a noncoplanar setup. Obtaining clinically feasible calculation times was an important design criterium for development of iCycle. This could be realized by sequentially adding beams to the treatment plan in an iterative procedure. Each iteration loop starts with selection of the optimal direction to be added. Then, a Pareto-optimal IMRT plan is generated for the (fixed) beam setup that includes all so far selected directions, using a previously published algorithm for multicriterial optimization of fluence profiles for a fixed beam arrangement Breedveld et al.[Phys. Med. Biol. 54, 7199-7209 (2009)]. To select the next direction, each not yet selected candidate direction is temporarily added to the plan and an optimization problem, derived from the Lagrangian obtained from the just performed optimization for establishing the Pareto-optimal plan, is solved. For each patient, a single one-beam, two-beam, three-beam, etc. Pareto-optimal plan is generated until addition of beams does no longer result in significant plan quality improvement. Plan generation with iCycle is fully automated. Results: Performance and characteristics of iCycle are demonstrated by generating plans for a maxillary sinus case, a cervical cancer patient, and a liver patient treated with SBRT. Plans generated with beam angle optimization did better meet the clinical goals than equiangular or manually selected configurations. For the maxillary sinus and liver cases, significant improvements for noncoplanar setups were seen. The cervix case showed that also in IMRT with coplanar setups, beam angle optimization with iCycle may improve plan quality. Computation times for coplanar plans were around 1-2 h and for noncoplanar plans 4-7 h, depending on the number of beams and the complexity of the site. Conclusions: Integrated beam angle and profile optimization with iCycle may result in significant improvements in treatment plan quality. Due to automation, the plan generation workload is minimal. Clinical application has started.
Breedveld, Sebastiaan; Storchi, Pascal R. M.; Voet, Peter W. J.; Heijmen, Ben J. M. [Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Groene Hilledijk 301, 3075 EA Rotterdam (Netherlands)
EA-1939: Reese Technology Center Wind and Battery Integration Project,
9: Reese Technology Center Wind and Battery Integration 9: Reese Technology Center Wind and Battery Integration Project, Lubbock County, TX EA-1939: Reese Technology Center Wind and Battery Integration Project, Lubbock County, TX SUMMARY This EA will evaluate the potential environmental impacts of a proposal by the Center for Commercialization of Electric Technologies to demonstrate battery technology integration with wind generated electricity by deploying and evaluating utility-scale lithium battery technology to improve grid performance and thereby aid in the integration of wind generation into the local electricity supply. Under the proposed action, DOE's Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability would provide cost shared funding for the project through American Reinvestment and Recovery Act
Progress in photovoltaic system and component improvements
The Photovoltaic Manufacturing Technology (PVMaT) project is a partnership between the US government (through the US Department of Energy [DOE]) and the PV industry. Part of its purpose is to conduct manufacturing technology research and development to address the issues and opportunities identified by industry to advance photovoltaic (PV) systems and components. The project was initiated in 1990 and has been conducted in several phases to support the evolution of PV industrial manufacturing technology. Early phases of the project stressed PV module manufacturing. Starting with Phase 4A and continuing in Phase 5A, the goals were broadened to include improvement of component efficiency, energy storage and manufacturing and system or component integration to bring together all elements for a PV product. This paper summarizes PV manufacturers` accomplishments in components, system integration, and alternative manufacturing methods. Their approaches have resulted in improved hardware and PV system performance, better system compatibility, and new system capabilities. Results include new products such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL)-listed AC PV modules, modular inverters, and advanced inverter designs that use readily available and standard components. Work planned in Phase 5A1 includes integrated residential and commercial roof-top systems, PV systems with energy storage, and 300-Wac to 4-kWac inverters.
Thomas, H.P.; Kroposki, B.; McNutt, P.; Witt, C.E. [National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States); Bower, W.; Bonn, R.; Hund, T.D. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Global Vegetation and Climate Change due to Future Increases in CO2 as Projected by a Fully Coupled Model with Dynamic Vegetation
Transient simulations are presented of future climate and vegetation associated with continued rising levels of CO2. The model is a fully coupled atmosphere�ocean�land�ice model with dynamic vegetation. The impacts of the radiative and ...
Michael Notaro; Steve Vavrus; Zhengyu Liu
Efforts towards the synthesis of fully N-differentiated heparin-like glycosaminoglycans; and, Investigations into the mechanism of inactivation of RTPR by gemcitabine triphosphate
Efforts towards the Synthesis of Fully N-Differentiated Heparin-like Glycosaminoglycans. Heparin-like glycosaminoglycans (HLGAGs) are complex information-carrying biopolymers and are an important component of the coagulation ...
Lohman, Gregory J. S
Integrated Deployment and the Energy Systems Integration Facility: Workshop Proceedings
This report summarizes the workshop entitled: Integrated Deployment and the Energy Systems Integration Facility. In anticipation of the opening of the ESIF, NREL held the workshop August 21-23, 2012 and invited participants from utilities, government, industry, and academia to discuss renewable integration challenges and discover new ways to meet them by taking advantage of the ESIF's capabilities.
Kroposki, B.; Werner, M.; Spikes, A.; Komomua, C.
Integrated Operations and Maintenance of Fossil Plant Systems: System Health Reporting
As budget margins for operations and maintenance programs become tighter, the need for fully integrated, streamlined programs becomes more essential. Organizations are being required to function more efficiently and effectively despite having their budget and personnel resources significantly reduced. Newly developed technology, especially information technology, has played a key role in assisting power-producing organizations as they strive to develop strategic management plans for their existing assets...
January 2005 INTEGRATING IT SECURITY
January 2005 INTEGRATING IT SECURITY INTO THE CAPITAL PLANNING AND INVESTMENT CONTROL PROCESS By Joan S. Hash, Computer Security Division, Information Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology Introduction To assist federal agencies with effec tively integrating security
Power generators are concerned with the maintenance costs associated with the advanced turbines that they are purchasing. Since these machines do not have fully established operation and maintenance (O&M) track records, power generators face financial risk due to uncertain future maintenance costs. This risk is of particular concern, as the electricity industry transitions to a competitive business environment in which unexpected O&M costs cannot be passed through to consumers. These concerns have accelerated the need for intelligent software-based diagnostic systems that can monitor the health of a combustion turbine in real time and provide valuable information on the machine's performance to its owner/operators. EPRI, Impact Technologies, Boyce Engineering, and Progress Energy have teamed to develop a suite of intelligent software tools integrated with a diagnostic monitoring platform that will, in real time, interpret data to assess the ''total health'' of combustion turbines. The Combustion Turbine Health Management System (CTHM) will consist of a series of dynamic link library (DLL) programs residing on a diagnostic monitoring platform that accepts turbine health data from existing monitoring instrumentation. The CTHM system will be a significant improvement over currently available techniques for turbine monitoring and diagnostics. CTHM will interpret sensor and instrument outputs, correlate them to a machine's condition, provide interpretative analyses, project servicing intervals, and estimate remaining component life. In addition, it will enable real-time anomaly detection and diagnostics of performance and mechanical faults, enabling power producers to more accurately predict critical component remaining useful life and turbine degradation.
Leonard Angello
Update on DOE Integrated Energy Systems Projects
The Integrated Energy Systems Program, Office of Industrial Programs U. S. Department of Energy has responsibilities in diverse areas of Industrial Energy Conservation. These activities include Energy Analysis and Diagnostic Centers (EADC) providing energy audit support to small and medium sized manufacturing plants, technology transfer support in conjunction with industrial sector companies and trade associations, funding and direction of the Energy Integrated Farm program, administration of the Industrial Energy Efficiency Improvement Program, and the Industrial Sector Technology Use Model (ISTUM). Recent technology transfer activity with the major industrial trade associations and manufacturing firms has been for the development of industrial energy conservation guides, publication of association conservation seminar proceedings, and cooperative assistance in selected projects designed to enhance conservation in industrial manufacturing activities. This paper briefly describes specific federal industrial conservation program achievements and current and planned technology transfer and industrial conservation projects extending into 1986.
Williams, T. E., Jr.
Take an integrated approach to refinery automation
An integrated approach to designing refinery automation systems is essential to guaranteeing systems compatibility and maximizing benefits. Several aspects of implementing integrated refinery automation should be considered early in the project. Many refineries have major parts of their business automated, starting from corporate planning at the higher level, down to DCS and field instrumentation. A typical refinery automation system architecture of the mid-eighties is shown. Automation systems help refineries improve their business through: Rationalization of man power; Increased throughputs; Reduced give-away; Reduced energy consumption; Better response to market demands and changes; Effective use of offsite areas through scheduling and automatic line-up systems; Reduced losses; and Decision support systems.
Wadi, I. (Abu Dhabi National Oil Co. (United Arab Emirates))
Improving Repository Performance by Using a Fill
a Fill a Fill Improving Repository Performance by Using a Fill The use of fills, semi-independent of the specific fill material, can improve package performance. The first barrier to prevent releases from the spent nuclear fuel is the waste package itself. The longer the waste package remains intact, the lower the ultimate releases from the spent nuclear fuel. In a typical waste package over half of the interior space is empty space. There are coolant channels in the spent fuel and square fuel assemblies can not fully fill a round waste package. After the package is buried, it will begin to corrode and the walls will thin. Rock falls may cause early failure of the waste package. However, if the package is full, it is more difficult to crush a full package and fail the exterior wall. The behavior of a waste package over time is similar to a soda can. Empty cans are easy to crush. Full, sealed cans are difficult to crush because the fluid inside supports the can.
Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation
Jun 13, 2012 ... 06/13 - TMS Launches New Open Access Journal: Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation. Patti Dobranski Communication�...
Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME)
Presentation Title, Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) in the Automotive Industry: Successes and Opportunities. Author(s), Louis Gerard�...
Surveillance Guides - Continous Improvement
CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT 1.0 Objective The objective of this surveillance is to verify that contractor personnel are effectively managing environment, safety, and health issues in a manner that fosters continuous improvement. The activities included in this surveillance help the Facility Representative determine whether safety issues identified through internal contractor, and external DOE or Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board evaluation programs are resolved consistent with the level of safety importance. 2.0 References 2.1 DOE O 414.1, Quality Assurance 2.2 DOE O 232.1, Occurrence Reporting and Processing of Operations Information 2.3 DOE-STD-1045-93, Guide to Good Practices for Notifications and Investigations of Abnormal Events 2.4 48 CFR 1970.5204, Department of Energy Acquisition
Design Integration of Liquid Surface Divertors
The US Enabling Technology Program in fusion is investigating the use of free flowing liquid surfaces facing the plasma. We have been studying the issues in integrating a liquid surface divertor into a configuration based upon an advanced tokamak, specifically the ARIES-RS configuration. The simplest form of such a divertor is to extend the flow of the liquid first wall into the divertor and thereby avoid introducing additional fluid streams. In this case, one can modify the flow above the divertor to enhance thermal mixing. For divertors with flowing liquid metals (or other electrically conductive fluids) MHD (magneto-hydrodynamics) effects are a major concern and can produce forces that redirect flow and suppress turbulence. An evaluation of Flibe (a molten salt) as a working fluid was done to assess a case in which the MHD forces could be largely neglected. Initial studies indicate that, for a tokamak with high power density, an integrated Flibe first wall and divertor does not seem workable. We have continued work with molten salts and replaced Flibe with Flinabe, a mixture of lithium and sodium fluorides, that has some potential because of its lower melting temperature. Sn and Sn-Li have also been considered, and the initial evaluations on heat removal with minimal plasma contamination show promise, although the complicated 3-D MHD flows cannot yet be fully modeled. Particle pumping in these design concepts is accomplished by conventional means (ports and pumps). However, trapping of hydrogen in these flowing liquids seems plausible and novel concepts for entrapping helium are also being studied.
Nygren, R E; Cowgill, D F; Ulrickson, M A; Nelson, B E; Fogarty, P J; Rognlien, T D; Rensink, M E; Hassanein, A; Smolentsev, S S; Kotschenreuther, M
Development of a Residential Integrated Ventilation Controller
Development of a Residential Integrated Ventilation Controller Development of a Residential Integrated Ventilation Controller Title Development of a Residential Integrated Ventilation Controller Publication Type Report LBNL Report Number LBNL-5554E Year of Publication 2012 Authors Walker, Iain S., Max H. Sherman, and Darryl J. Dickerhoff Keywords ashrae standard 62,2, california title 24, residential ventilation, ventilation controller Abstract The goal of this study was to develop a Residential Integrated Ventilation Controller (RIVEC) to reduce the energy impact of required mechanical ventilation by 20%, maintain or improve indoor air quality and provide demand response benefits. This represents potential energy savings of about 140 GWh of electricity and 83 million therms of natural gas as well as proportional peak savings in California. The RIVEC controller is intended to meet the 2008 Title 24 requirements for residential ventilation as well as taking into account the issues of outdoor conditions, other ventilation devices (including economizers), peak demand concerns and occupant preferences. The controller is designed to manage all the residential ventilation systems that are currently available. A key innovation in this controller is the ability to implement the concept of efficacy and intermittent ventilation which allows time shifting of ventilation. Using this approach ventilation can be shifted away from times of high cost or high outdoor pollution towards times when it is cheaper and more effective. Simulations, based on the ones used to develop the new residential ventilation requirements for the California Buildings Energy code, were used to further define the specific criteria and strategies needed for the controller. These simulations provide estimates of the energy, peak power and contaminant improvement possible for different California climates for the various ventilation systems. Results from a field test of the prototype controller corroborate the predicted performance.
Integrated Renewable Hydrogen Utility System
Products based on Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) technology offer a unique solution to today's energy conversion storage needs. PEM products have undergone continual development since the late 1950's for many diverse applications. Rooted in rigorous aerospace applications, this technology is now ''breaking away'' to provide commercial solutions to common power, energy, and industrial gas feedstock problems. Important developments in PEM electrolyzers and various energy conversion devices (e.g. engines and fuel cells) can now be combined to form the basis for a revolutionary energy storage system that provides a much needed link to renewable resources, and offers a credible alternative for off-grid power applications. This technology operates by converting electrical energy into chemical energy in the form of hydrogen as part of a water electrolysis process when excess power is available. When the primary source of power is unavailable, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy through an external combustion heat engine or other energy conversion device. The Phase II portion of this program began in May of 2000. The goal of Phase II of the project was to cost reduce the hydrogen generator as a critical link to having a fully sustainable hydrogen energy system. The overall goal is to enable the link to sustainability by converting excess renewable power into hydrogen and having that hydrogen available for conversion back to power, on demand. Furthermore, the cost of the capability must be less the $1,000 per kW (electrical power into the generator) and allow for a variety of renewable technology inputs. This cost target is based on a production volume of 10,000 units per year. To that end, Proton undertook an aggressive approach to cost reduction activities surrounding the 6kW, 40 standard cubic foot per hour (scfh) HOGEN hydrogen generator. The electrical side of the system targeted a number of areas that included approaches to reduce the cost of the power supply and associated electronics as well as improving efficiency, implementing a circuit board to replace the discreet electrical components in the unit, and evaluating the system issues when operating the unit with a variety of renewable inputs. On the mechanical side of the system the targets involved creative use of manifolds to reduce components and plumbing, overall fitting reduction through layout simplification and welded tube assemblies, and the development of an inexpensive gas drying methodology to remove moisture and improve gas purity. Lastly, activities surrounding the electrolysis cell stack focused on lower cost stack compression approaches and cost reduction of critical components. The last year of this project focused on validating the cost reductions mentioned above and advancing these cost reductions forward into a larger hydrogen generator. This larger hydrogen generator is a 60kW, 380 scfh, HOGEN hydrogen generator. Most of these efforts were in the control board and manifold development areas. The results achieved over the life of this program are in line with the goals of the Department of Energy. Proton projects that the current design of the 40 scfh generator projected to a volume of 10,000 units per year would be in the range of $1,500 per kilowatt. Furthermore, continuing efforts on materials substitution and design enhancements over the next few years should bring the cost of the system to the $1,000 per kilowatt goal for a system of this size. This report provides the technical details behind the cost reduction efforts undertaken during the Phase II portion of the program.
Proton Energy Systems
Improved energy sealing capability
In response to the need for tapping national energy resources, an improved high temperature sealing material has been developed through the sponsorship of the Department of Energy. Parker Seal was selected as one of the technology transferees from L'Garde Inc. and has optimized this transferred technology for further improved performance capabilities and acceptable plant processing. This paper summarizes Parker Seal's testing and evaluation efforts on L'Garde's Y267 transferred technology for a new geothermal and stream service material. This new product, Parker's E962-85 is described in this paper.
Barsoumian, Jerry L.
Gasification Product Improvement Facility status
The objective of the Gasification Product Improvement Facility (GPIF) project is to provide a test site to support early commercialization of the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) technology. The design of this facility will by based on PyGas{trademark}, a patented air blown fixed bed gasification process. The GPIF will be capable of processing run-of-mine high swelling coals that comprise 87% of all Eastern US coals. The GPIF project is expected to deliver a gasifier design that will satisfy the criteria for good process performance and cost effectiveness. The PyGas{trademark} process was conceived to handle high swelling coals, crack tars, and reduce ammonia and trace metal emissions. The GPIF program will generate useful scale up data. Initially, the PyGas{trademark}-IGCC systems will be offered as modular units for the repowering markets which will reduce the financial burden on utilities in comparison to large plants. In addition, modular designs will also reduce the plant construction schedules.
Carson, R.D.; Sadowski, R.S.; Skinner, W.H. [CRS Sirrine Engineers, Inc., Greenville, SC (United States); Dixit, V.B.; Lisauskas, R.A. [Riley Stoker Corp., Worcester, MA (United States); Johnson, S.A. [PSI Technology Co., Andover, MA (United States). PowerServe Div.
Residential Buildings Integration Program
David Lee David Lee Program Manager email@example.com 202-287-1785 April 2, 2013 Residential Buildings Integration Program Building Technologies Office Program Peer Review 2 | Building Technologies Office eere.energy.gov Sub-Programs for Review Better Buildings Neighborhood Program Building America Challenge Home Home Energy Score Home Performance with ENERGY STAR Solar Decathlon 3 | Building Technologies Office eere.energy.gov How Residential Buildings Fits into BTO Research & Development * Develop technology roadmaps * Prioritize opportunities * Solicit and select innovative technology solutions * Collaborate with researchers
Scientific Innovation Through Integration
pnnl.gov pnnl.gov Cell Isolation and Systems Analysis Multi-photon fluorescence microscope: Seamlessly integrates nonlinear two-photon excitation, laser scanning confocal microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) for minimally invasive and deep-penetrating 3D imaging of living tissues and cells as well as quantitative investigation of molecular interaction dynamics by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in living cells. Transcriptional profiling using next-generation sequencing technology (RNA-Seq): Offers massively parallel next-generation sequencing platforms for unbiased and quantitative profiling of gene expression patterns in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, complete with facilities for sample preparation as well as data processing and analysis.
Integrated optical XY coupler
An integrated optical XY coupler having two converging input waveguide arms meeting in a central section and a central output waveguide arm and two diverging flanking output waveguide arms emanating from the central section. In-phase light from the input arms constructively interfers in the central section to produce a single mode output in the central output arm with the rest of the light being collected in the flanking output arms. Crosstalk between devices on a substrate is minimized by this collection of the out-of-phase light by the flanking output arms of the XY coupler.
Vawter, G. Allen (Albuquerque, NM); Hadley, G. Ronald (Albuquerque, NM)
Repast vector GIS integration.
Repast now supports the reading, writing, and display of shapefile data. In the Repast-GIS integration, these tasks are generally broken up into two different classes, a data class, and a display class. The data class allows data to be read into Repast from the GIS, and written out from Repast into a GIS format. The current implementation of GIS in Repast is focused on two systems: ESRI ArcMap and OpenMap. This paper will elucidate how to use each of these systems with Repast.
Najlis, R.; North, M. J.; Decision and Information Sciences
Integrated Assessment Modeling
This paper discusses the role of Integrated Assessment models (IAMs) in climate change research. IAMs are an interdisciplinary research platform, which constitutes a consistent scientific framework in which the large-scale interactions between human and natural Earth systems can be examined. In so doing, IAMs provide insights that would otherwise be unavailable from traditional single-discipline research. By providing a broader view of the issue, IAMs constitute an important tool for decision support. IAMs are also a home of human Earth system research and provide natural Earth system scientists information about the nature of human intervention in global biogeophysical and geochemical processes.
Edmonds, James A.; Calvin, Katherine V.; Clarke, Leon E.; Janetos, Anthony C.; Kim, Son H.; Wise, Marshall A.; McJeon, Haewon C.
NREL: Electricity Integration Research - Working With Us
Power Systems Engineering Center Power Systems Engineering Center The Power Systems Engineering Center supports the science and technology goals of the U.S. Department of Energy and NREL toward a sustainable energy future. The center works with the electricity industry to optimize strategies for effectively interconnecting renewable resources and emerging energy efficiency technologies in the existing electric power system. The center focuses on resolving grid integration barriers and providing improved control and management strategies for increased grid flexibility, consumer empowerment, and transportation electrification. Organization Photo of Dr. Santiago Grijalva Dr. Santiago Grijalva is the director of the Power Systems Engineering Center. Dr. Grijalva is a leading researcher on ultra-reliable
Transparent ion trap with integrated photodetector
Fluorescence collection sets the efficiency of state detection and the rate of entanglement generation between remote trapped ion qubits. Despite efforts to improve light collection using various optical elements, solid angle capture is limited to ~10% for implementations that are scalable to many ions. We present an approach based on fluorescence detection through a transparent trap using an integrated photodetector, combining collection efficiency approaching 50% with scalability. We microfabricate transparent surface traps with indium tin oxide and verify stable trapping of single ions. The fluorescence from a cloud of ions is detected using a photodiode sandwiched with a transparent trap.
Amira M. Eltony; Shannon X. Wang; Gleb M. Akselrod; Peter F. Herskind; Isaac L. Chuang
Eltony, Amira M; Akselrod, Gleb M; Herskind, Peter F; Chuang, Isaac L
Improved Membrane Materials for PEM Fuel Cell Application
The overall goal of this project is to collect and integrate critical structure/property information in order to develop methods that lead to significant improvements in the durability and performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) materials. This project is focused on the fundamental improvement of PEMFC membrane materials with respect to chemical, mechanical and morphological durability as well as the development of new inorganically-modified membranes.
Kenneth A. Mauritz; Robert B. Moore
Improved vortex reactor system
An improved vortex reactor system for affecting fast pyrolysis of biomass and Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) feed materials comprising: a vortex reactor having its axis vertically disposed in relation to a jet of a horizontally disposed steam ejector that impels feed materials from a feeder and solids from a recycle loop along with a motive gas into a top part of said reactor.
Diebold, James P. (Lakewood, CO); Scahill, John W. (Evergreen, CO)
HLW System Integrated Project Team
l l W S Hi h l W S High Level Waste System High Level Waste System Integrated Project Team Integrated Project Team Integrated Project Team Integrated Project Team Steve Schneider Steve Schneider Office of Engineering and Technology High Level Waste Corporate Board March 5, 2009 This document is intended for planning and analysis purposes, assuming a continuing constrained budget environment. Every effort will be made to comply with all applicable environmental and legal obligations, while also assuring that essential functions necessary to protect human health, the environment and national security are maintained. 1 Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Challenges and Priorities High Level Waste Strategic Initiative Results High Level Waste System Integrated
Ca{sub 2}Pd{sub 3}Ge, a new fully ordered ternary Laves phase structure
The title compound, Ca{sub 2}Pd{sub 3}Ge, was prepared as a part of a systematic investigation of the Ca-Pd-Ge ternary phase diagram. The structure was determined and refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. It is a new fully ordered ternary Laves phase with the space group R-3m, Z=3, a=5.6191 (5) A, c=12.1674 (7) A, wR{sub 2}=0.054 (all data) and is isostructural to Mg{sub 2}Ni{sub 3}Si (Noreus et al., 1985 [17]) but due to the larger size of all elements in Ca{sub 2}Pd{sub 3}Ge, the cell axes are approximately 10% longer. The compound may formally be considered as a Zintl compound, with [Pd{sub 3}Ge]{sup 4-} forming a poly-anionic network and divalent Ca cations located in truncated tetrahedral interstices. The electronic structure and chemical bonding of Ca{sub 2}Pd{sub 3}Ge is discussed in terms of LMTO band structure calculations and compared with CaPd{sub 2} (MgCu{sub 2}-type). - Graphical abstract: The title compound, Ca{sub 2}Pd{sub 3}Ge is a new fully ordered ternary Laves phase which may formally be considered as a Zintl compound, with [Pd{sub 3}Ge]{sup 4-} forming a poly-anionic network and divalent Ca cations located in truncated tetrahedral interstices. The structure is composed of Kagome net layers, consisting of Pd atoms only, which are stacked in an ABC sequence. Band structure calculations show that the Fermi level is located at a local minimum of the DOS (pseudo-gap) indicating that the charge is roughly optimized in the structure. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Site specific segregation in a Laves phase that is also a Zintl phase. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Pseudo-gap at the Fermi level in a Laves phase. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Distorted Frank-Kasper polyhedron.
Doverbratt, Isa, E-mail: email@example.com [Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund (Sweden); Ponou, Simeon; Lidin, Sven [Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund (Sweden)
Building-integrated photovoltaics
This is a study of the issues and opportunities for building-integrated PV products, seen primarily from the perspective of the design community. Although some quantitative analysis is included, and limited interviews are used, the essence of the study is qualitative and subjective. It is intended as an aid to policy makers and members of the technical community in planning and setting priorities for further study and product development. It is important to remember that the success of a product in the building market is not only dependent upon its economic value; the diverse group of building owners, managers, regulators, designers, tenants and users must also find it practical, aesthetically appealing and safe. The report is divided into 11 sections. A discussion of technical and planning considerations is followed by illustrative diagrams of different wall and roof assemblies representing a range of possible PV-integration schemes. Following the diagrams, several of these assemblies are then applied to a conceptual test building which is analyzed for PV performance. Finally, a discussion of mechanical/electrical building products incorporating PVs is followed by a brief surveys of cost issues, market potential and code implications. The scope of this report is such that most of the discussion does not go beyond stating the questions. A more detailed analysis will be necessary to establish the true costs and benefits PVs may provide to buildings, taking into account PV power revenue, construction costs, and hidden costs and benefits to building utility and marketability.
Integrating preconcentrator heat controller
A method and apparatus for controlling the electric resistance heating of a metallic chemical preconcentrator screen, for example, used in portable trace explosives detectors. The length of the heating time-period is automatically adjusted to compensate for any changes in the voltage driving the heating current across the screen, for example, due to gradual discharge or aging of a battery. The total deposited energy in the screen is proportional to the integral over time of the square of the voltage drop across the screen. Since the net temperature rise, .DELTA.T.sub.s, of the screen, from beginning to end of the heating pulse, is proportional to the total amount of heat energy deposited in the screen during the heating pulse, then this integral can be calculated in real-time and used to terminate the heating current when a pre-set target value has been reached; thereby providing a consistent and reliable screen temperature rise, .DELTA.T.sub.s, from pulse-to-pulse.
Bouchier, Francis A. (Albuquerque, NM); Arakaki, Lester H. (Edgewood, NM); Varley, Eric S. (Albuquerque, NM)
Recovery Act: Electrochromic Glazing Technology: Improved Performance, Lower Price
The growing dependency of the US on energy imports and anticipated further increases in energy prices reinforce the concerns about meeting the energy demand in the future and one element of a secure energy future is conservation. It is estimated that the buildings sector represents 40% of the US's total energy consumption. And buildings produce as much as one third of the greenhouse gas emissions primarily through fossil fuel usage during their operational phase. A significant fraction of this energy usage is simply due to inefficient window technology. Electrochromic (EC) windows allow electronic control of their optical properties so that the transparency to light can be adjusted from clear to dark. This ability to control the amount of solar energy allowed into the building can be advantageously used to minimize lighting, heating and air conditioning costs. Currently, the penetration of EC windows into the marketplace is extremely small, and consequently there is a huge opportunity for energy savings if this market can be expanded. In order to increase the potential energy savings it is necessary to increase the quantity of EC windows in operation. Additionally, any incremental improvement in the energy performance of each window will add to the potential energy savings. The overall goals of this project were therefore to improve the energy performance and lower the cost of dynamic (EC) smart windows for residential and commercial building applications. This project is obviously of benefit to the public by addressing two major areas: lowering the cost and improving the energy performance of EC glazings. The high level goals for these activities were: (i) to improve the range between the clear and the tinted state, (ii) reduce the price of EC windows by utilizing lower cost materials, (iii) lowering the U-Value1 SAGE Electrochromics Inc. is the only company in the US which has a track record of producing EC windows, and presently has a small operational factory in Faribault MN which is shipping products throughout the world. There is a much larger factory currently under construction close by. This project was targeted specifically to address the issues outlined above, with a view to implementation on the new high volume manufacturing facility. Each of the Tasks which were addressed in this project is relatively straightforward to implement in this new facility and so the benefits of the work will be realized quickly. , and (iv) ensure the proposed changes have no detrimental effect to the proven durability of the window. The research described here has helped to understand and provide solutions to several interesting and previously unresolved issues of the technology as well as make progress in areas which will have a significant impact on energy saving. In particular several materials improvements have been made, and tasks related to throughput and yield improvements have been completed. All of this has been accomplished without any detrimental effect on the proven durability of the SageGlass EC device. The project was divided into four main areas: 1. Improvement of the Properties of the EC device by material enhancements (Task 2); 2. Reduce the cost of production by improving the efficiency and yields of some key manufacturing processes (Task 3); 3. Further reduce the cost by significant modifications to the structure of the device (Task 4); 4. Ensure the durability of the EC device is not affected by any of the changes resulting from these activities (Task 5). A detailed description of the activities carried out in these areas is given in the following report, along with the aims and goals of the work. We will see that we have completed Tasks 2 and 3 fully, and the durability of the resulting device structure has been unaffected. Some of Task 4 was not carried out because of difficulties with integrating the installation of the required targets into the production coater due to external constraints not related to this project. We will also see that the durability of the devices produced as a result of this work was
Burdis, Mark; Sbar, Neil
Improved sulfur removal processes evaluated for IGCC
An inherent advantage of Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) electric power generation is the ability to easily remove and recover sulfur. During the last several years, a number of new, improved sulfur removal and recovery processes have been commercialized. An assessment is given of alternative sulfur removal processes for IGCC based on the Texaco coal gasifier. The Selexol acid gas removal system, Claus sulfur recovery, and SCOT tail gas treating are currently used in Texaco-based IGCC. Other processes considered are: Purisol, Sulfinol-M, Selefning, 50% MDEA, Sulften, and LO-CAT. 2 tables.
Fuel Cell Technologies Office: Systems Integration
Systems Integration to someone by E-mail Share Fuel Cell Technologies Office: Systems Integration on Facebook Tweet about Fuel Cell Technologies Office: Systems Integration on...
NREL: Energy Systems Integration - Residential and Commercial...
Residential and Commercial Integration Energy systems integration R&D at the small-scale, residential and commercial integration level encompasses diverse technologies such as...
Fully relativistic calculation of nuclear magnetic shieldings and indirect nuclear spin-spin couplings in group-15 and -16 hydrides
Fully relativistic calculations of the isotropic and anisotropic parts of both indirect nuclear spin�spin couplings 1 J(X- H ) and 2 J( H-H ) and nuclear magnetic shieldings ?(X) and ?(H) for the group-15 and -16 hydrides are presented. Relativistic calculations were performed with Dirac�Fock wave functions and the random phase approximation method. Results are compared to its nonrelativistic counterpart. Paramagnetic and diamagnetic contributions to the nuclear magnetic shielding constants are also reported. We found very large relativistic corrections to both properties in the sixth-row hydrides ( BiH 3 and PoH 2 ). Our calculations of the relativistic corrections to the isotropic part of ? at the heavy nucleus X show that it is roughly proportional to Z 3.2 in both series of molecules. Paramagnetic term ? p is more sensitive to the effects of relativity than the diamagnetic one ? d even though both have a behavior proportional to third power of the nuclear charge Z.
Sergio S. Gomez; Rodolfo H. Romero; Gustavo A. Aucar
Transmission grid extensions during the build-up of a fully renewable pan-European electricity supply
Spatio-temporal generation patterns for wind and solar photovoltaic power in Europe are used to investigate the future rise in transmission needs with an increasing penetration of these variable renewable energy sources (VRES) on the pan-European electricity system. VRES growth predictions according to the official National Renewable Energy Action Plans of the EU countries are used and extrapolated logistically up to a fully VRES-supplied power system. We find that keeping today's international net transfer capacities (NTCs) fixed over the next forty years reduces the final need for backup energy by 13% when compared to the situation with no NTCs. An overall doubling of today's NTCs will lead to a 26% reduction, and an overall quadrupling to a 33% reduction. The remaining need for backup energy is due to correlations in the generation patterns, and cannot be further reduced by transmission. The main investments in transmission lines are due during the ramp-up of VRES from 15% (as planned for 2020) to 80%. Add...
Becker, Sarah; Andresen, Gorm B; Schramm, Stefan; Greiner, Martin
Performance of Transuranic-Loaded Fully Ceramic Micro-Encapsulated Fuel in LWRs Final Report, Including Void Reactivity Evaluation
The current focus of the Deep Burn Project is on once-through burning of transuranics (TRU) in light-water reactors (LWRs). The fuel form is called Fully-Ceramic Micro-encapsulated (FCM) fuel, a concept that borrows the tri-isotropic (TRISO) fuel particle design from high-temperature reactor technology. In the Deep Burn LWR (DB-LWR) concept, these fuel particles are pressed into compacts using SiC matrix material and loaded into fuel pins for use in conventional LWRs. The TRU loading comes from the spent fuel of a conventional LWR after 5 years of cooling. Unit cell and assembly calculations have been performed using the DRAGON-4 code to assess the physics attributes of TRU-only FCM fuel in an LWR lattice. Depletion calculations assuming an infinite lattice condition were performed with calculations of various reactivity coefficients performed at each step. Unit cells and assemblies containing typical UO2 and mixed oxide (MOX) fuel were analyzed in the same way to provide a baseline against which to compare the TRU-only FCM fuel. Then, assembly calculations were performed evaluating the performance of heterogeneous arrangements of TRU-only FCM fuel pins along with UO2 pins.
Michael A. Pope; R. Sonat Sen; Brian Boer; Abderrafi M. Ougouag; Gilles Youinou
This report describes work performed during a thirty month project which involves the production of dimethyl ether (DME) on-site for use as an ignition-improving additive in a compression-ignition natural gas engine. A single cylinder spark ignition engine was converted to compression ignition operation. The engine was then fully instrumented with a cylinder pressure transducer, crank shaft position sensor, airflow meter, natural gas mass flow sensor, and an exhaust temperature sensor. Finally, the engine was interfaced with a control system for pilot injection of DME. The engine testing is currently in progress. In addition, a one-pass process to form DME from natural gas was simulated with chemical processing software. Natural gas is reformed to synthesis gas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide), converted into methanol, and finally to DME in three steps. Of additional benefit to the internal combustion engine, the offgas from the pilot process can be mixed with the main natural gas charge and is expected to improve engine performance. Furthermore, a one-pass pilot facility was constructed to produce 3.7 liters/hour (0.98 gallons/hour) DME from methanol in order to characterize the effluent DME solution and determine suitability for engine use. Successful production of DME led to an economic estimate of completing a full natural gas-to-DME pilot process. Additional experimental work in constructing a synthesis gas to methanol reactor is in progress. The overall recommendation from this work is that natural gas to DME is not a suitable pathway to improved natural gas engine performance. The major reasons are difficulties in handling DME for pilot injection and the large capital costs associated with DME production from natural gas.
Jason M. Keith
Integrative curriculum reform, domain dependent knowing, and teachers` epistemological theories: Implications for middle-level teaching
Integrative curriculum as both a theoretical construct and a practical reality, and as a theme-based, problem-centered, democratic way of schooling, is becoming more widely considered as a feasible alternative to traditional middle-level curricula. Importantly for teaching and learning, domain dependence requires teachers to view one area of knowledge as fully interdependent with other areas of knowledge during the learning process. This requires teachers to adopt personal epistemological theories that reflect integrative, domain dependent knowing. This study explored what happened when teachers from highly traditional domain independent school settings encountered an ambitious college-level curriculum project that was designed to help the teachers understand the potential that integrative, domain dependent teaching holds for precollege settings. This study asked: What influence does an integrative, domain dependent curriculum project have on teachers` domain independent, epistemological theories for teaching and learning? Finding an answer to this question is essential if we, as an educational community, are to understand how integrative curriculum theory is transformed by teachers into systemic curriculum reform. The results suggest that the integrative curriculum project that teachers participated in did not explicitly alter their classroom practices in a wholesale manner. Personal epistemological theories of teachers collectively precluded teachers from making any wholesale changes in their individual classroom teaching. However, teachers became aware of integrative curriculum as an alternative, and they expressed interest in infusing integrative practices into their classrooms as opportunities arise.
Powell, R.R. [Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX (United States). College of Education
Integrated gasification combined cycle - a view to the future
DOE is involved in research, development, and demonstration of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle because of a strong belief that it will result in widespread commercialization that will be of great benefit to this nation. METC`s long-range vision comprises (1) product goals that require improvements to known technical advantages, and (2) market goals that are based on expectations of market pull.
Schmidt, D.K.
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Design Considerations for High Availability
This report analyses public domain availability data from Integrated Gasification Combined Cycles (IGCC) and other significant coal gasification facilities, backed up with additional data gained from interviews and discussions with plant operators. Predictions for the availability of future IGCCs are made based on the experience of the existing fleet and anticipated improvements from the implementation of lessons learned.
Distributed Data Integration Infrastructure
The Internet is becoming the preferred method for disseminating scientific data from a variety of disciplines. This can result in information overload on the part of the scientists, who are unable to query all of the relevant sources, even if they knew where to find them, what they contained, how to interact with them, and how to interpret the results. A related issue is keeping up with current trends in information technology often taxes the end-user's expertise and time. Thus instead of benefiting from this information rich environment, scientists become experts on a small number of sources and technologies, use them almost exclusively, and develop a resistance to innovations that can enhance their productivity. Enabling information based scientific advances, in domains such as functional genomics, requires fully utilizing all available information and the latest technologies. In order to address this problem we are developing a end-user centric, domain-sensitive workflow-based infrastructure, shown in Figure 1, that will allow scientists to design complex scientific workflows that reflect the data manipulation required to perform their research without an undue burden. We are taking a three-tiered approach to designing this infrastructure utilizing (1) abstract workflow definition, construction, and automatic deployment, (2) complex agent-based workflow execution and (3) automatic wrapper generation. In order to construct a workflow, the scientist defines an abstract workflow (AWF) in terminology (semantics and context) that is familiar to him/her. This AWF includes all of the data transformations, selections, and analyses required by the scientist, but does not necessarily specify particular data sources. This abstract workflow is then compiled into an executable workflow (EWF, in our case XPDL) that is then evaluated and executed by the workflow engine. This EWF contains references to specific data source and interfaces capable of performing the desired actions. In order to provide access to the largest number of resources possible, our lowest level utilizes automatic wrapper generation techniques to create information and data wrappers capable of interacting with the complex interfaces typical in scientific analysis. The remainder of this document outlines our work in these three areas, the impact our work has made, and our plans for the future.
Critchlow, T; Ludaescher, B; Vouk, M; Pu, C
EM Plays Integral Role in Department's Sustainability Scorecard
EM Plays Integral Role in Department's Sustainability Scorecard EM Plays Integral Role in Department's Sustainability Scorecard Improvements EM Plays Integral Role in Department's Sustainability Scorecard Improvements July 30, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis The highly-efficient, biomass-fired cogeneration facility at the Savannah River Site replaced a 1950s-era coal-fired plant and will result in significantly reduced pollutant emissions, including a reduction of 100,000 metric tons per year of carbon dioxide emissions. The highly-efficient, biomass-fired cogeneration facility at the Savannah River Site replaced a 1950s-era coal-fired plant and will result in significantly reduced pollutant emissions, including a reduction of 100,000 metric tons per year of carbon dioxide emissions. WASHINGTON, D.C. - EM's clean energy contributions helped DOE achieve a
Plays Integral Role in Department's Sustainability Scorecard Plays Integral Role in Department's Sustainability Scorecard Improvements EM Plays Integral Role in Department's Sustainability Scorecard Improvements July 30, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis The highly-efficient, biomass-fired cogeneration facility at the Savannah River Site replaced a 1950s-era coal-fired plant and will result in significantly reduced pollutant emissions, including a reduction of 100,000 metric tons per year of carbon dioxide emissions. The highly-efficient, biomass-fired cogeneration facility at the Savannah River Site replaced a 1950s-era coal-fired plant and will result in significantly reduced pollutant emissions, including a reduction of 100,000 metric tons per year of carbon dioxide emissions. WASHINGTON, D.C. - EM's clean energy contributions helped DOE achieve a
Integrated Safety Management
ISM Day: March 10, 2010 ISM Day: March 10, 2010 ISM Day: June 6, 2008 Integrated Safety Management (ISM) Seven Principles of ISM Five Functions of ISM "Define the Scope of Work" Is the work clearly defined? Authorized? Do I know how to do the job? Do I have the proper equipment? Support? Have there been problems with tasks like this? "Analyze the Hazards" What are the hazards of the job? What can go wrong? Has the job been reviewed by a qualified person? "Develop Hazard Controls" Are all the necessary controls in place? (LOTO, PPE, Procedures etc.) Do I know what the controls are, and how to use them? What if something unexpected goes wrong? "Perform Work" Has the system responded as expected? How do I know? When will I call for assistance or stop work?
Precipitating Clouds in the Southern Great Plains Region Oklahoma Radar Facilities S-band: Operational WSR-88D Network KOUN Polarimetric (NSSL) MPAR Phased Array (NSSL) C-band: Polarimetric (OU/EEC) Mobile SMART-R (OU et. al) TDWR (FAA) X-band: CASA Polarimetric IP1 Mobile Polarimetric (NSSL) Ka-band: MMCR, Central Facility (ARM) W-band: WACR, Central Facility (ARM) Profiler: ARM, NOAA Oklahoma Instrumentation Oklahoma Mesonet (Oklahoma) ARS Micronet (USDA) ARM SGP Facilities (DOE) Oklahoma Lightning Mapping Array, NLDN NOAA Profiler Network Kessler Farm Field Laboratory ASOS, AWOS, AWSS (FAA/NWS/DOD) ARM & Oklahoma Dataset Integration: Examples Oklahoma Radar CASA radars offer unique 2D/3D wind retrieval
Integrated Facilities Disposition Program
Facilities Facilities Disposition Program Tank Waste Corporate Board Meeting at ORNL Sharon Robinson Dirk Van Hoesen Robert Jubin Brad Patton July 29, 2009 2 Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy The Integrated Facility Disposition Program (IFDP) addresses the remaining EM Scope at both ORNL and Y-12 Cost Range: $7 - $14B Schedule: 26 Years 3 Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Scope of work * Treatment and disposition of legacy materials and waste * D&D 327 (1.5 M ft 2 ) excess facilities generating >2 M yd 3 debris * Soil and groundwater remedial actions generating >1 M yd 3 soils * Facilities surveillance and maintenance * Reconfiguration of waste management facilities * Ongoing waste management operations * Project management
Georeactor Variability and Integrity
As a deep-Earth energy source, the planetocentric nuclear-fission georeactor concept is on a more secure scientific footing than the previous idea related to the assumed growth of the inner core. Unlike previously considered deep-Earth energy sources, which are essentially constant on a human time-scale, variability in nuclear fission reactors can arise from changes in composition and/or position of fuel, moderators, and neutron absorbers. Tantalizing circumstantial evidence invites inquiry into the possibility of short-term planetocentric nuclear fission reactor variability. This brief communication emphasizes the importance of scientific integrity and highlights the possibility of variable georeactor power output so that these might be borne in mind in future investigations, especially those related to the Earth's heat flux.
J. Marvin Herndon
Herndon, J M
Classicalization via Path Integral
Recently, it was suggested that a large class of non-renormalizable theories may need no UV completion. By analogy with gravity where classical black holes are expected to be created in high-energy scatterings, it is conjectured that similar classical solutions, so-called classicalons, should occur. In this way the theory protects itself against non-unitarity, for instead of probing small distances at high energies one enters a classical regime. An effective theory of Goldstone bosons provides and example in which the size of classicalons grows with energy, and the high energy scattering is cut-off by small momenta, inversely proportional to the classicalon size. In this note we offer an alternative, path integral discussion of this important result.
Borut Bajc; Arshad Momen; Goran Senjanovi?
Bajc, Borut; Senjanovi?, Goran
Integrated optical sensor
An integrated optical sensor for arc welding having multifunction feedback control. The sensor, comprising generally a CCD camera and diode laser, is positioned behind the arc torch for measuring weld pool position and width, standoff distance, and post-weld centerline cooling rate. Computer process information from this sensor is passed to a controlling computer for use in feedback control loops to aid in the control of the welding process. Weld pool position and width are used in a feedback loop, by the weld controller, to track the weld pool relative to the weld joint. Sensor standoff distance is used in a feedback loop to control the contact tip to base metal distance during the welding process. Cooling rate information is used to determine the final metallurgical state of the weld bead and heat affected zone, thereby controlling post-weld mechanical properties.
Watkins, Arthur D. (Idaho Falls, ID); Smartt, Herschel B. (Idaho Falls, ID); Taylor, Paul L. (Idaho Falls, ID)
An integrated optical sensor for arc welding having multifunction feedback control is described. The sensor, comprising generally a CCD camera and diode laser, is positioned behind the arc torch for measuring weld pool position and width, standoff distance, and post-weld centerline cooling rate. Computer process information from this sensor is passed to a controlling computer for use in feedback control loops to aid in the control of the welding process. Weld pool position and width are used in a feedback loop, by the weld controller, to track the weld pool relative to the weld joint. Sensor standoff distance is used in a feedback loop to control the contact tip to base metal distance during the welding process. Cooling rate information is used to determine the final metallurgical state of the weld bead and heat affected zone, thereby controlling post-weld mechanical properties. 6 figures.
Watkins, A.D.; Smartt, H.B.; Taylor, P.L.
Integrated fluorescence analysis system
An integrated fluorescence analysis system enables a component part of a sample to be virtually sorted within a sample volume after a spectrum of the component part has been identified from a fluorescence spectrum of the entire sample in a flow cytometer. Birefringent optics enables the entire spectrum to be resolved into a set of numbers representing the intensity of spectral components of the spectrum. One or more spectral components are selected to program a scanning laser microscope, preferably a confocal microscope, whereby the spectrum from individual pixels or voxels in the sample can be compared. Individual pixels or voxels containing the selected spectral components are identified and an image may be formed to show the morphology of the sample with respect to only those components having the selected spectral components. There is no need for any physical sorting of the sample components to obtain the morphological information.
Buican, Tudor N. (Los Alamos, NM); Yoshida, Thomas M. (Los Alamos, NM)
Operations Improvement Surveys
Exxon Chemical Company developed unique site-wide energy optimization technology in the mid1970's. This technology was applied by means of site energy surveys which were carried out at every major Exxon facility throughout the world during the 1976-1981 timeframe. The first 20% of energy savings, versus the 1972 reference, had already been captured or was in progress via conventional energy conservation methods. The site energy surveys identified attractive investments to save a second 20% of energy use. In early 1982, Exxon Corp. started to apply this same technology to its major facilities to define attractive NO INVESTMENT and LOW INVESTMENT operational improvement savings which could be implemented quickly. This presentation covers Exxon's approach to site energy optimization and the Operations Improvement Survey Program. The Program has identified at many sites, an average of 5% reduction in today's energy costs at No/Low investment plus additional savings in the feedstock and energy supply areas.
Guide, J. J.; O'Brien, W. J.
Improved solar heating systems
An improved solar heating system is described in which the incident radiation of the sun is absorbed on collector panels, transferred to a storage unit and then distributed as heat for a building and the like. The improvement is obtained by utilizing a storage unit comprising separate compartments containing an array of materials having different melting points ranging from 75 to 180/sup 0/F. The materials in the storage system are melted in accordance with the amount of heat absorbed from the sun and then transferred to the storage system. An efficient low volume storage system is provided by utilizing the latent heat of fusion of the materials as they change states in storing ad releasing heat for distribution.
Schreyer, J.M.; Dorsey, G.F.
Improved collecting apparatus
An improved collecting apparatus for small aquatic or airborne organisms such as plankton, larval fish, insects, etc. The improvement constitutes an apertured removal container within which is retained a collecting bag, and which is secured at the apex of a conical collecting net. Such collectors are towed behind a vessel or vehicle with the open end of the conical net facing forward for trapping the aquatic or airborne organisms within the collecting bag, while allowing the water or air to pass through the apertures in the container. The container is readily removable from the collecting net whereby the collecting bag can be quickly removed and replaced for further sample collection. The collecting bag is provided with means for preventing the bag from being pulled into the container by the water or air following therethrough.
Duncan, C.P.
Improving PPM Using Dictionaries
We propose a method to improve traditional character-based PPM text compression algorithms. Consider a text file as a sequence of alternating words and non-words, the basic idea of our algorithm is to encode non-words and prefixes of words using character-based context models and encode suffixes of words using dictionary models. By using dictionary models, the algorithm can encode multiple characters as a whole, and thus enhance the compression efficiency. The advantages of the proposed algorithm are: 1) it does not require any text preprocessing; 2) it does not need any explicit codeword to identify switch between context and dictionary models; 3) it can be applied to any character-based PPM algorithms without incurring much additional computational cost. Test results show that significant improvements can be obtained over character-based PPM, especially in low order cases.
Hu, Yichuan; Zhang,; Khan, Farooq; Li, Ying
Membranes Improve Insulation Efficiency
It has been determined from extensive tests involving test models and home attics that loose fill and fiber batt insulation does not function as expected by the industry. The reason for this deficiency is current test methods do not accurately predict the magnitude of air infiltration into fiber insulation as used in home attics, radiant heat infiltration into the insulation during summer, or radiant heat loss through the insulation during winter conditions. The use of (1) moisture permeable membranes over the insulation, and (2) layered membranes between fiber batts to form closed cells in the insulation both dramatically improve the efficiency of the fiber insulation. The efficiency of this insulation will be improved to an even greater degree if these membranes reflect radiant heat as well as reduce convection air currents. Extensive tests have also been conducted which show that if moisture permeable membranes are used over fiber insulation, the moisture content of the insulation will be reduced.
Bullock, C. A.
Improving Floating Point Compression
Improving Improving Floating Point Compression through Binary Masks Leonardo A. Bautista Gomez Argonne National Laboratory Franck Cappello Argonne National Laboratory Abstract-Modern scientific technology such as particle accel- erators, telescopes and supercomputers are producing extremely large amounts of data. That scientific data needs to be processed using systems with high computational capabilities such as supercomputers. Given that the scientific data is increasing in size at an exponential rate, storing and accessing the data is becoming expensive in both, time and space. Most of this scientific data is stored using floating point representation. Scientific applications executed in supercomputers spend a large amount of CPU cycles reading and writing floating point values, making data compression techniques an interesting way to increase computing efficiency.
Integrated formal operations plan
The concept of formal operations (that is, a collection of business practices to assure effective, accountable operations) has vexed the Laboratory for many years. To date most attempts at developing such programs have been based upon rigid, compliance-based interpretations of a veritable mountain of Department of Energy (DOE) orders, directives, notices, and standards. These DOE dictates seldom take the broad view but focus on highly specialized programs isolated from the overall context of formal operations. The result is a confusing array of specific, and often contradictory, requirements that produce a patchwork of overlapping niche programs. This unnecessary duplication wastes precious resources, dramatically increases the complexity of our work processes, and communicates a sense of confusion to our customers and regulators. Coupled with the artificial divisions that have historically existed among the Laboratory`s formal operations organizations (quality assurance, configuration management, records management, training, etc.), this approach has produced layers of increasingly vague and complex formal operations plans, each of which interprets its parent and adds additional requirements of its own. Organizational gridlock ensues whenever an activity attempts to implement these bureaucratic monstrosities. The integrated formal operations plan presented is to establish a set of requirements that must be met by an integrated formal operations program, assign responsibilities for implementation and operation of the program, and specify criteria against which the performance of the program will be measured. The accountable line manager specifies the items, processes, and information (the controlled elements) to which the formal operations program specified applies. The formal operations program is implemented using a graded approach based on the level of importance of the various controlled elements and the scope of the activities in which they are involved.
Cort, G.; Dearholt, W.; Donahue, S.; Frank, J.; Perkins, B.; Tyler, R.; Wrye, J.
A power plant for nuclear reactors is designed for improved cycle efficiency. In addition to the usual heat exchanger for heat transfer from gaseous reactor coolant to water for vaporization, a second heat exchanger is provided between the first heat exchanger and a point betwveen the intermediate- pressure and low-pressure turbine stages. In this way, interstage reheating of the steam is obtained without passage of the steam back to the first heat exchanger. (D.L.C.) Research Reactors
Peters, M.C.
An improved vortex reactor system is described for affecting fast pyrolysis of biomass and Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) feed materials comprising: a vortex reactor having its axis vertically disposed in relation to a jet of a horizontally disposed steam ejector that impels feed materials from a feeder and solids from a recycle loop along with a motive gas into a top part of said reactor. 12 figs.
Diebold, J.P.; Scahill, J.W.
Demontration of Integrated Optimization Software at the Baldwin Energy Complex
This project encompassed the design, development, and demonstration of integrated online optimization systems at Dynegy Midwest Generation's Baldwin Energy Complex (BEC) located in Baldwin, Illinois. The overall project objective was to improve coal-based generation's emission profile, efficiency, maintenance requirements and plant asset life in order to enhance the long-term viability of the United States abundant coal resources. Five separate but integrated optimization products were developed, addressing combustion, sootblowing, SCR operations, overall unit thermal performance, and plant-wide availability optimization. Optimization results are inherently unit-specific and cannot be known for a particular generating unit in advance. However, NeuCo believed that the following were reasonable targets for the completed, integrated set of products: Furnace NOx reduction improvement by 5%, Heat rate improvement by 1.5%, Increase of annual Available MWh by 1.5%, Commensurate reductions in greenhouse gases, mercury, and particulates; and Commensurate increases in profitability from lower costs, improved reliability, and greater commercial availability. The goal during Phase I was to establish each system and demonstrate their integration in unified plant optimization. Efforts during Phase I focused on: (1) developing, deploying, integrating, and testing prototypes for each of the five products; (2) identifying and addressing issues required for the products to integrate with plant operations; and (3) systematically collecting and assimilating feedback to improve subsequent product releases. As described in the Phase II continuation application NeuCo successfully achieved the goal for Phase I. The goal of Phase II was to improve upon the products installed and tested in Phase I and to quantify the benefits of the integrated system. As this report documents, NeuCo has also successfully achieved the goal for Phase II. The overall results of the project, compared with the project goals, are: (1) NOx Reduction: The 5% target for NOx reduction was exceeded with average CEMS and SCR Inlet (furnace) NOx reduction of between 12% and 14%. (2) Heat Rate Improvement: The optimization systems delivered an average heat rate improvement of between 0.67% and 0.7%. This falls short of the 1.5% heat rate improvement target largely because Cyclone Stability (availability) and CEMS and SCR Inlet NOx were prioritized over heat rate in the event they needed to be traded-off with one another. A different prioritization of objectives could have driven a different balance, thereby meeting the target of 1.5% improvement. There were also several factors that could have been masking greater heat rate improvements such as the decrease in fuel density over the course of the project and the impact of actions taken as a result of advice provided by the optimizers that are difficult to quantify. (3) Increased Annual Available MWh: Although difficult to measure precisely, the target of increasing available MWh's by 1.5% was met by providing prioritized alerts and knowledge-based diagnostics for a wide array of plant equipment and process anomalies; helping the plant to move from high sulfur, high Btu Illinois coal to PRB and run that fuel at low stoichiometries without derates; and improved management of cyclone flame quality as well as improved vigilance with respect to cyclone conditions which avoided some degree of temporary de-rate due to cyclone slag build up. (4) Commensurate Reductions in Greenhouse Gases, Mercury, and Particulates: Reductions in all three of these indices can be associated directly with the optimization leverage observed in the heat rate and NOx reductions. (5) Commensurate Increases in Profitability from Lower Costs, Improved Reliability, and Greater Commercial Availability: Commensurate improvements in costs, reliability and availability resulted from the previously described benefits. Also playing a role were the sustained operation of the cyclones while using more available, less expensive but off-design fuel; more effective catal
Rob James; John McDermott; Sanjay Patnaik; Steve Piche`
NETL: Power Plant Improvement Initiative
PPII Major Demonstrations Power Plant Improvement Initiative (PPII) The Power Plant Improvement Initiative (PPII) was established in October 2000 to further the commercial-scale...
Enhanced integrated nonthermal treatment system study
The purpose of the Enhanced Nonthermal Treatment Systems (ENTS) study is to evaluate alternative configurations of one of the five systems evaluated in the Integrated Nonthermal Treatment Systems (INTS) study. Five alternative configurations are evaluated. Each is designed to enhance the final waste form performance by replacing grout with improved stabilization technologies, or to improve system performance by improving the destruction efficiency for organic contaminants. AU enhanced systems are alternative configurations of System NT-5, which has the following characteristics: Nonthermal System NT-5: (1) catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) to treat organic material including organic liquids, sludges, and soft (or combustible) debris, (2) thermal desorption of inorganic sludge and process residue, (3) washing of soil and inorganic debris with treatment by CWO of removed organic material, (4) metal decontamination by abrasive blasting, (5) stabilization of treated sludge, soil, debris, and untreated debris with entrained contamination in grout, and (6) stabilization of inorganic sludge, salts and secondary waste in polymer. System NT-5 was chosen because it was designed to treat combustible debris thereby minimizing the final waste form volume, and because it uses grout for primary stabilization. The enhanced nonthermal systems were studied to determine the cost and performance impact of replacing grout (a commonly used stabilization agent in the DOE complex) with improved waste stabilization methods such as vitrification and polymer.
Biagi, C.; Schwinkendorf, B.; Teheranian, B.
62369Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 195 / Friday, October 8, 2010 / Notices with otter trawls that are fully
6, a Categorical Exclusion or other appropriate NEPA document would be completed prior to the issuance of the EFP national policies as set forth by the President and the Congress. The agenda will include a TIP update) improve the accuracy, timing, and quality of fisheries data. VerDate Mar2010 15:29 Oct 07, 2010 Jkt
Magee, Joseph W.
HCCI Load Expansion Opportunities using a Fully Variable HVA Research Engine to Guide Development of a Production Intent Cam-based VVA Engine: The Low Load Limit
While the potential emissions and efficiency benefits of HCCI combustion are well known, realizing the potentials on a production intent engine presents numerous challenges. In this study we focus on identifying challenges and opportunities associated with a production intent cam-based variable valve actuation (VVA) system on a multi-cylinder engine in comparison to a fully flexible, naturally aspirated, hydraulic valve actuation (HVA) system on a single-cylinder engine, with both platforms sharing the same GDI fueling system and engine geometry. The multi-cylinder production intent VVA system uses a 2-step cam technology with wide authority cam phasing, allowing adjustments to be made to the negative valve overlap (NVO) duration but not the valve opening durations. On the single cylinder HVA engine, the valve opening duration and lift are variable in addition to the NVO duration. The content of this paper is limited to the low-medium operating load region at 2000rpm. Using different injection strategies, including the NVO pilot injection approach, the single-cylinder engine is operated over a load range from 160-390 kPa net IMEP at 2000 rpm. Changes to valve opening duration on the single-cylinder HVA engine illustrate opportunities for load expansion and efficiency improvement at certain conditions. For instance, the low load limit can be extended on the HVA engine by reducing breathing and operating closer to a stoichiometric air fuel ratio (AFR) by using valve deactivation. The naturally aspirated engine used here without external EGR confirmed that as operating load increases the emissions of NOx increases due to combustion temperature. NOx emissions are found to be one limitation to the maximum load limitation, the other being high pressure rise rate. It is found that the configuration of the production intent cam-based system represents a good compromise between valve lift and duration in the low to medium load region. Changing the extent of charge motion and breathing via valve deactivation prove beneficial at moderating the pressure rise rate and combustion stability and extending the low load limit at 2000rpm on the HVA engine. It also confirms that strategies using a pilot fuel injection are beneficial at low operating loads but that as operating load is increased, the benefits of multiple injection diminish to the point where a single injection offers the best performance.
Weall, Adam J [ORNL; Szybist, James P [ORNL; Edwards, Kevin Dean [ORNL; Foster, Matthew [Delphi; Confer, Keith [Delphi; Moore, Wayne [Delphi
HCCI Load Expansion Opportunities Using a Fully Variable HVA Research Engine to Guide Developments of a Production Intent Cam-Based VVA Engine: The Low Load Limit
Vitrification Facility integrated system performance testing report
This report provides a summary of component and system performance testing associated with the Vitrification Facility (VF) following construction turnover. The VF at the West Valley Demonstration Project (WVDP) was designed to convert stored radioactive waste into a stable glass form for eventual disposal in a federal repository. Following an initial Functional and Checkout Testing of Systems (FACTS) Program and subsequent conversion of test stand equipment into the final VF, a testing program was executed to demonstrate successful performance of the components, subsystems, and systems that make up the vitrification process. Systems were started up and brought on line as construction was completed, until integrated system operation could be demonstrated to produce borosilicate glass using nonradioactive waste simulant. Integrated system testing and operation culminated with a successful Operational Readiness Review (ORR) and Department of Energy (DOE) approval to initiate vitrification of high-level waste (HLW) on June 19, 1996. Performance and integrated operational test runs conducted during the test program provided a means for critical examination, observation, and evaluation of the vitrification system. Test data taken for each Test Instruction Procedure (TIP) was used to evaluate component performance against system design and acceptance criteria, while test observations were used to correct, modify, or improve system operation. This process was critical in establishing operating conditions for the entire vitrification process.
Elliott, D.
Application of mixed mode integration and new implicit inline integration at Toyota
This paper reports results from applying inline integration and mixed mode integration to two real applications
S. Soejima; T. Matsuba
NREL: Electricity Integration Research - Facilities
Facilities Facilities NREL's electricity integration research is conducted in state-of-the-art facilities. These facilities assist industry in the development of power systems and address the operational challenges of full system integration. The Energy Systems Integration Facility can be used to design, test, and analyze components and systems to enable economic, reliable integration of renewable electricity, fuel production, storage, and building efficiency technologies with the U.S. electricity delivery infrastructure. New grid integration capabilities at the National Wind Technology Center will allow testing of many grid integration aspects of multi-megawatt, utility-scale variable renewable generation and storage technologies. The Distributed Energy Resources Test Facility can be used to characterize,
Special Improvement Districts for Redevelopment of Blighted Areas (Indiana)
Special Improvement Districts for Redevelopment of Blighted Areas Special Improvement Districts for Redevelopment of Blighted Areas (Indiana) Special Improvement Districts for Redevelopment of Blighted Areas (Indiana) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Construction Fed. Government Fuel Distributor General Public/Consumer Industrial Installer/Contractor Institutional Investor-Owned Utility Local Government Low-Income Residential Multi-Family Residential Municipal/Public Utility Nonprofit Residential Retail Supplier Rural Electric Cooperative Schools State/Provincial Govt Systems Integrator Transportation Tribal Government Utility Savings Category Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Buying & Making Electricity Water Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Indiana Program Type Bond Program Enterprise Zone Siting and Permitting
Water Control and Improvement Districts (Texas) | Department of Energy
Water Control and Improvement Districts (Texas) Water Control and Improvement Districts (Texas) Water Control and Improvement Districts (Texas) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Construction Fed. Government Fuel Distributor General Public/Consumer Industrial Installer/Contractor Institutional Investor-Owned Utility Local Government Low-Income Residential Multi-Family Residential Municipal/Public Utility Nonprofit Residential Retail Supplier Rural Electric Cooperative Schools State/Provincial Govt Systems Integrator Transportation Tribal Government Utility Savings Category Water Buying & Making Electricity Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Texas Program Type Environmental Regulations Provider Texas Commission on Environmental Quality The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality is authorized to review and