text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Intercepts and residues of Regge poles in a stochastic-field multiparticle theory
SciTech Connect
A dynamical theory of multiparticle amplitudes, based on a functional integral representation embodying collective long-range correlations, is applied to the calculation of Regge intercepts and residues. Poles arising in conventional multiperipheral models will characteristically be modified in three ways: promotion, renormalization, and a proliferation of dynamical secondary trajectories, reminiscent of dual models. (auth)
Arnold, R.C.
The Adiabatic Pole-to-Pole Overturning Circulation
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
The adiabatic pole-to-pole cell of the residual overturning circulation (ROC) is studied in a two-hemisphere, semienclosed basin, with a zonally reentrant channel occupying the southernmost eighth of the domain. Three different models of ...
Christopher L. Wolfe; Paola Cessi
Magnet pole tips
DOE Patents (OSTI)
An improved magnet which more easily provides a radially increasing magnetic field, as well as reduced fringe field and requires less power for a given field intensity. The subject invention comprises a pair of spaced, opposed magnetic poles which further comprise a pair of pole roots, each having a pole tip attached to its center. The pole tips define the gap between the magnetic poles and at least a portion of each pole tip is separated from its associated pole root. The separation begins at a predetermined distance from the center of the pole root and increases with increasing radial distance while being constant with azimuth within that portion. Magnets in accordance with the subject invention have been found to be particularly advantageous for use in large isochronous cyclotrons.
Thorn, Craig E. (Wading River, NY); Chasman, Chellis (Setauket, NY); Baltz, Anthony J. (Coram, NY)
An improved magnet more easily provides a radially increasing magnetic field, as well as reduced fringe field and requires less power for a given field intensity. The subject invention comprises a pair of spaced, opposed magnetic poles which further comprise a pair of pole roots, each having a pole tip attached to its center. The pole tips define the gap between the magnetic poles and at least a portion of each pole tip is separated from its associated pole root. The separation begins at a predetermined distance from the center of the pole root and increases with increasing radial distance while being constant with azimuth within that portion. Magnets in accordance with the subject invention have been found to be particularly advantageous for use in large isochronous cyclotrons.
Thorn, C.E.; Chasman, C.; Baltz, A.J.
Treated Wood Pole Management
This document characterizes similarities and differences in international wood pole and wood pole preservative management. The research team identified practices for selection, regulation, and disposition of utility poles outside the United States. Most information is based on interviews and website and published literature searches. Additional research will clarify regulatory positions in other countries and generate improved understanding, which will support strategic planning for U.S. utilities. Utili...
Single phase two pole/six pole motor
A single phase alternating current two pole/six pole motor is provided with a main stator winding having six coils disposed unequally around the periphery of the machine. These coils are divided into two groups. When these groups are connected such that their magnetomotive forces are additive, two pole motor operation results. When the polarity of one of the groups is then reversed, six pole motor operation results. An auxiliary stator winding which is similar to the main stator winding is displaced from the main stator winding by 90 electrical degrees on a two pole basis.
Kirschbaum, Herbert S. (Asheville, NC)
A single phase alternating current two pole/six pole motor is provided with a main stator winding having six coils disposed unequally around the periphery of the machine. These coils are divided into two groups. When these groups are connected such that their magnetomotive forces are additive, two pole motor operation results. When the polarity of one of the groups is then reversed, six pole motor operation results. An auxiliary stator winding which is similar to the main stator winding is displaced from the main stator winding by 90 electrical degrees on a two pole basis. 12 figs.
Kirschbaum, H.S.
The South Pole Telescope
E-Print Network (OSTI)
A new 10 meter diameter telescope is being constructed for deployment at the NSF South Pole research station. The telescope is designed for conducting large-area millimeter and sub-millimeter wave surveys of faint, low contrast emission, as required to map primary and secondary anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background. To achieve the required sensitivity and resolution, the telescope design employs an off-axis primary with a 10m diameter clear aperture. The full aperture and the associated optics will have a combined surface accuracy of better than 20 microns rms to allow precision operation in the submillimeter atmospheric windows. The telescope will be surrounded with a large reflecting ground screen to reduce sensitivity to thermal emission from the ground and local interference. The optics of the telescope will support a square degree field of view at 2mm wavelength and will feed a new 1000-element micro-lithographed planar bolometric array with superconducting transition-edge sensors and frequency-multiplexed readouts. The first key project will be to conduct a survey over approximately 4000 degrees for galaxy clusters using the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect. This survey should find many thousands of clusters with a mass selection criteria that is remarkably uniform with redshift. Armed with redshifts obtained from optical and infrared follow-up observations, it is expected that the survey will enable significant constraints to be placed on the equation of state of the dark energy.
SPT Collaboration; J. E. Ruhl; P. A. R. Ade; J. E. Carlstrom; H. M. Cho; T. Crawford; M. Dobbs; C. H. Greer; N. W. Halverson; W. L. Holzapfel; T. M. Lantin; A. T. Lee; J. Leong; E. M. Leitch; W. Lu; M. Lueker; J. Mehl; S. S. Meyer; J. J. Mohr; S. Padin; T. Plagge; C. Pryke; D. Schwan; M. K. Sharp; M. C. Runyan; H. Spieler; Z. Staniszewski; A. A. Stark
Forum on Inelastic Neutron Scattering (FINS 2011)
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
sessions are planned for discussions of inelastic instrumentation needs for the SNS and HFIR, sample environment equipment for the inelastic suite, enabling programmatic research...
Six pole/eight pole single-phase motor
A single phase alternating current electric motor is provided with a main stator winding having two coil groups which are connected to form eight poles for eight-pole operation and to form six poles for six-pole operation. Each group contains four series connected coil elements with each element spanning approximately one-seventh of the periphery of the machine. The coil groups are spaced 180 mechanical degrees apart such that each end coil of one group overlaps one of the end coils of the other group. An auxiliary stator winding having two coil groups with the same relative angular displacement as the main stator winding coil groups is included. 10 figs.
Categorical Exclusion for Wood Pole
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Wood Pole Wood Pole Replacement at two structures (11/6 & 11/9) located along the Oracle-Tucson 115-kV Transmission Line, in Oro Valley, Pima County, Arizona. RECORD OF CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION DETERMINATION A. Proposed Action: Western plans to replace deteriorated wood poles, cross arms and X-braces at two existing H-frame structures (11/6 & 1119) located along the Oracle Tucson 115-kV Transmission Line in Pima, Arizona (Figure 1). Built in 1943, its aging components are beyond repair and require replacement. These poles performed poorly during structural tests, and we consider them unstable. This replacement project will ensure the safety of Western's workers and the public as well as reliability of the bulk electric system. Western will accomplish the work by clearing vegetation and blading a level pad at
Single phase four pole/six pole motor
A single phase alternating current electric motor is provided with a main stator winding having two coil groups each including the series connection of three coils. These coil groups can be connected in series for six pole operation and in parallel for four pole operation. The coils are approximately equally spaced around the periphery of the machine but are not of equal numbers of turns. The two coil groups are identically wound and spaced 180 mechanical degrees apart. One coil of each group has more turns and a greater span than the other two coils. 10 figs.
Muon - proton inelastic scattering
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
This experiment will examine muon-proton inelastic scattering for virtual-photon energies of 10 to 110 GeV and for |q{sup 2}| values of 0.2 to 20.0 (GeV/c){sup 2}. The virtual-photon total cross sections {sigma}{sub t} + {epsilon}{sigma}{sub s}, or the equivalent expression in W{sub 1} and W{sub 2}, will be measured over this range of virtual-photon energies and q{sup 2} values. Some separation of {sigma}{sub T} and {sigma}{sub S}, or equivalently W{sub 1} and W{sub 2}, will be made. The multiplicity, momentum spectra and angular spectra of the charged hadrons produced in this reaction will be measured. Some channels such as {mu} + P {yields} {mu} + P + P{sup 0} will be isolated and completely analyzed. The experiment uses a hydrogen target, wire spark chambers and an analyzing magnet of conventional design.
Dieterle, B.; Lakin, W.; Martin, F.; Perl, M.; Petraske, E.; Tenebaum, J.; Toner, W.; Zipf, T.; /SLAC
Distribution Library--Wood Poles
EPRI has sponsored research and published information on a wide variety of topics related to wood poles for overhead lines. Many of these resources, particularly older publications, are difficult for EPRI members to find and use. To help ensure retention of this valuable knowledge base, EPRI sponsored the project reported herein to capture this information and make it accessible in an easy-to-use electronic media (E-Media) repository.
Wood Poles Population with Testing
EPRI's asset management research focuses on developing a rational basis for selecting repair or replacement options for specific classes of equipment by balancing the risks of equipment failure against the costs of continued maintenance or capital replacement. This Model User Guide is a companion to Guidelines for Intelligent Asset Replacement: Volume 4Wood Poles (Expanded Edition), EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2006. 1012500, the fourth report on guidelines for asset replacement, which discusses methods for maki...
Inelastic shadowing effects in multiple scattering
The projectile--nucleon scattering amplitudes used as input into multiple scattering theories of projectile--nucleus scattering naturally include the effects of coupling to inelastic (i.e., production) channels. We employ a multichannel separable potential to describe the projectile--nucleon interaction and show that within the fixed nucleon framework we can obtain the nuclear elastic scattering amplitude. This includes terms outside the conventional formalisms, corresponding to intermediate propagation in the inelastic channels both above and below inelastic threshold. We refer to this as inelastic shadowing. In a two-channel approximation, we show that knowledge of the projectile--nucleon elastic scattering phase shifts plus specification of the inelastic threshold energy are sufficient to determine the off-shell coupled- channel transition matrix, implying that the nuclear amplitude can be calculated within this model without any detailed information about the inelastic channels. We study this solution quantitatively for some model problems and for pion scattering, with the general result that inelastic shadowing can be significant whenever the elementary interaction has important channel coupling. For pion scattering in the energy regime characterized by strongly absorptive resonance, we find, for example, that the effect of inelastic shadowing is much more important than that due to two-nucleon correlations. (AIP)
Londergan, J.T.; Moniz, E.J.
Inelastic X-ray and Nuclear Resonant Scattering
Beamlines Divisions Argonne Home > Advanced Photon Source > Inelastic X-ray and Nuclear Resonant Scattering The Inelastic X-ray and Nuclear Resonant Scattering group...
Definition: DC Resistivity Survey (Pole-Dipole Array) | Open...
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Pole-Dipole Array) Jump to: navigation, search Dictionary.png DC Resistivity Survey (Pole-Dipole Array) The Pole-Dipole array is a type of electrode configuration for a DC...
Femtosecond second-harmonic generation in periodically poled lithium niobate
Femtosecond second-harmonic generation in periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides poled lithium niobate waveguides under large conversion conditions. Strong saturation of the SHG detailed experi- mental data on femtosecond SHG in periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides
Purdue University
Environmental Profile of Utility Distribution Poles
The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and member utilities requested Battelle to customize and demonstrate their streamlined, life cycle, environmental profile screening tool called LCPROFILESM as a decision support tool for utilities to compare the life cycle environmental impact potential associated with different types of distribution poles. In order to demonstrate that the screening tool can evaluate the full range of utility pole types, 16 environmental criteria were selected to evaluate the ...
The Cosmology of Composite Inelastic Dark Matter
Composite dark matter is a natural setting for implementing inelastic dark matter - the O(100 keV) mass splitting arises from spin-spin interactions of constituent fermions. In models where the constituents are charged under an axial U(1) gauge symmetry that also couples to the Standard Model quarks, dark matter scatters inelastically off Standard Model nuclei and can explain the DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation signal. This article describes the early Universe cosmology of a minimal implementation of a composite inelastic dark matter model where the dark matter is a meson composed of a light and a heavy quark. The synthesis of the constituent quarks into dark hadrons results in several qualitatively different configurations of the resulting dark matter composition depending on the relative mass scales in the system.
Spier Moreira Alves, Daniele; Behbahani, Siavosh R.; /SLAC /Stanford U., ITP; Schuster, Philip; Wacker, Jay G.; /SLAC
Demonstration of Decision Tool for Selection of Distribution Poles
This report describes a Comprehensive Screening Tool (CST) for comparing different types of utility distribution poles. The completed tool permits utilities to evaluate distribution pole options using 26 criteria divided into engineering/technical performance, life cycle cost/economics, and environmental profile groups. The decision tool allows utilities to make a comprehensive evaluation of distribution pole options in an organized and semi-quantitative fashion across the full life cycle of the poles, i...
Demonstration of Decision Tool for Screening Eight Distribution Poles
This report updates the previously developed Poles Decision Tool (PDT) and demonstrates its use for eight distribution poles. The completed decision tool permits utilities to evaluate distribution pole options using 26 criteria divided between three evaluation groups for engineering/technical performance, life cycle cost/economics, and environmental profile. The decision tool allows utilities to make a comprehensive evaluation of distribution pole options in an organized and semi-quantitative fashion acr...
Tracking down penguins at the poles
QCD penguins are responsible for about 2/3 of the Delta I=1/2 rule in K to pi pi decays, as inferred from a combined analysis of K to pi pi and KL to gamma gamma. Further tests based on the decays KS to pi0 gamma gamma and K+ to pi+ gamma gamma are proposed. New insights into the treatment of pi0, eta, eta' pole amplitudes are also reported.
Jean-Marc Gerard; Christopher Smith; Stephanie Trine
Inelastic mechanics of sticky biopolymer networks
We propose a physical model for the nonlinear inelastic mechanics of sticky biopolymer networks with potential applications to inelastic cell mechanics. It consists in a minimal extension of the glassy wormlike chain (GWLC) model, which has recently been highly successful as a quantitative mathematical description of the viscoelastic properties of biopolymer networks and cells. To extend its scope to nonequilibrium situations, where the thermodynamic state variables may evolve dynamically, the GWLC is furnished with an explicit representation of the kinetics of breaking and reforming sticky bonds. In spite of its simplicity the model exhibits many experimentally established non-trivial features such as power-law rheology, stress stiffening, fluidization, and cyclic softening effects.
Lars Wolff; Pablo Fernandez; Klaus Kroy
Design of a portable CAT scanner for utility pole inspection
Work is under way at the University of Missouri, Columbia (UMC) to design, build, and test a portable computerized axial tomography (CAT) device for the nondestructive, field imaging of wooden utility poles. CAT is a well-established medical technology that has recently been applied to a number of industrial applications. Wooden utility poles are prone to rot and decay at ground level; current techniques to assess this loss of strength are relatively primitive, i.e., tapping the pole (hitting the pole with a hammer) or boring into the pole for samples and then testing inside the bore hole with an electrical pulse device. The accuracy in identifying poles needing replacement using these techniques is approx. 70%. Since the cost of replacing a pole ranges from hundreds to thousands of dollars, an accurate, nondestructive method is needed. CAT can accurately image a wooden utility pole (since the size, density, and atomic elements of a pole are similar to the human head to torso), as was confirmed by imaging poles using the UMC nuclear engineering EMI-1010 medical scanner. Detailed images have been produced showing the ring structure of the wood and voids due to rot or decay. Images approaching this quality have also been produced on living trees using semiportable systems by other researchers.
Miller, W.H.
Demonstration of Decision Tool for Selection of Transmission Poles
EPRI and member utilities requested Battelle to develop a comprehensive screening tool (CST) for comparing different types of utility transmission poles by modifying the decision tool previously demonstrated on distribution poles. The completed decision tool permits utilities to evaluate transmission pole options using 26 criteria divided among three evaluation groups for engineering/technical performance, life-cycle cost/economics, and environmental profile. The decision tool allows utilities to evaluat...
Phonon Studies with Inelastic Neutron Scattering and First ...
Presentation Title, Phonon Studies with Inelastic Neutron Scattering and .... by Asynchronous In-Situ Neutron Diffraction at the Spallation Neutron Source.
Inelastic X-ray Scattering Reveals Microscopic Transport Properties...
Inelastic X-ray Scattering Reveals Microscopic Transport Properties of Molten Aluminum Oxide The transport properties of high-temperature oxide melts are of considerable interest...
Structural Behavior of FRP Lighting Pole System - Programmaster.org
Most of the lighting pole is made with steel and it is vulnerable to corrosion due to its hazardous surrounding environment. To mitigate such corrosion problems, ...
Deep inelastic scattering and diffraction at HERA
Recent results on deep inelastic scattering and diffraction at HERA obtained by the H1 and ZEUS experiments are presented. The proton structure function F 2 has been measured with the 1994 data in a new kinematic region of Q 2?2 GeV2 and x?4.5×10?5. The rise in F 2 with decreasing x persists. Results on the determination of the gluon momentum density of the proton are also presented. The diffractive structure function has been measured using large rapidity gap events. The results are interpreted in terms of the pomeron structure.
Johnny S. T. Ng; on behalf of the H1 and ZEUS collaborations
DC Resistivity Survey (Pole-Dipole Array) | Open Energy Information
Pole-Dipole Array) Pole-Dipole Array) Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: DC Resistivity Survey (Pole-Dipole Array) Details Activities (0) Areas (0) Regions (0) NEPA(0) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Geophysical Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Electrical Techniques Parent Exploration Technique: Electrical Profiling Configurations Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Rock composition, mineral and clay content Stratigraphic/Structural: Detection of permeable pathways, fracture zones, faults Hydrological: Resistivity influenced by porosity, grain size distribution, permeability, fluid saturation, fluid type and phase state of the pore water Thermal: Resistivity influenced by temperature Dictionary.png
Degradation Modes of Composite Crossarms and Poles, Desk Study
Lighting poles made entirely of Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer (FRP) material have been used since the 1960s; composite crossarm products are a relatively recent development for distribution circuits. This report provides background on various Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite utility poles and crossarms, listing the available products and their associated attributes and identifying the causes of the degradation of these components. Product data and testing information for specific FRP ...
A New Air Cerenkov Array at the South Pole
A New Air Ÿ Cerenkov Array at the South Pole J.E. Dickinson a J.R. Gill a S.P. Hart b;a G.C. email@example.com) PACS codes: 96.40 (cosmic rays) 29.40.K ( Ÿ Cerenkov detectors) Abstract VULCAN comprises a 9 element array of air Ÿ Cerenkov radiation detectors estab lished at the South Pole. VULCAN operates
Delaware, University of
Photon Sciences | Beamlines | IXS: Inelastic X-ray Scattering
IXS: Inelastic X-ray Scattering IXS: Inelastic X-ray Scattering Poster | Fact Sheet | Preliminary Design Report Scientific Scope Many hot topics related to the high frequency dynamics of condensed matter require both a narrower and steeper resolution function and access to a broader dynamic range than what are currently available. This represents a sort of "no man's land" that falls right in the dynamic gap lying between the high frequency spectroscopies, such as inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS), and the low frequency ones. New IXS spectrometers with improved energy and momentum resolutions would be required to fill this gap. To achieve this goal, a new x-ray optics concept for both the monochromatization and energy analysis of x-rays will be implemented at the NSLS-II Inelastic X-ray Scattering beamline. This solution exploits the
Inelastic transport In molecular junctions from first principles
This work is dedicated to development of a first-principle approach to study electron-vibration interactions on quantum transport properties. In the first part we discuss a general implementation for inelastic transport ...
Kim, Sejoong, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
ICME for Residual Stress
Oct 8, 2012 ... Application of ICME to Weld Process Innovations and Residual Stress ... Incorporation of Residual Stresses into Design of Ni-Base Superalloy ...
Dynamics of inelastic and reactive gas-surface collisions
The dynamics of inelastic and reactive collisions in atomic beam-surface scattering are presented. The inelastic scattering of hyperthermal rare gaseous atoms from three alkali halide surfaces (LiF, NaCl, GI)was studied to understand mechanical energy transfer in unreactive systems. The dynamics of the chemical reaction in the scattering of H(D) atoms from the surfaces of LIF(001) and the basal plane of graphite were also studied.
Smoliar, L.A.
Pion inelastic scattering from sup 20 Ne
Angular distributions for {sup 20}Ne({pi}{sup {plus minus}}, {pi}{sup {plus minus}}{prime}) were measured on the Energetic Pion Channel and Spectrometer (EPICS) at the Clinton P. Anderson Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF). Data were taken with both {pi}{sup {plus}} and {pi}{sup {minus}} over an angular range of 12{degree} to 90{degree} for T{sub {pi}}=180 MeV and with {pi}{sup +} from 15{degree} to 90{degree} for T{sub {pi}}=120 MeV. The data were analyzed using both the distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA) and the coupled-channels impulse approximation (CCIA) with collective transition densities. In addition, microscopic transition densities were used in the DWIA analysis for states in the lowest rotational bands. The transitions to the 6.73-MeV 0{sup +} and several 1{sup {minus}} states, including the states at 5.79 MeV and 8.71 MeV, were studied using several models for the transition density. Strong evidence for the importance of two-step routes in pion inelastic scattering was seen in several angular distributions, including the 5.79-MeV 1{sup {minus}}, the first three 4{sup +} states, and the 8.78-MeV 6{sup +}. 100 refs., 81 figs., 33 tabs.
Burlein, M. (Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA (USA). Dept. of Physics)
Study of Vehicle Front Structure Crashworthiness Based on Pole Impact with Different Position
Because of occupant injury severity in frontal pole impact, this paper conducted a computer simulation study on the frontal pole impact of passenger car. Three types of frontal pole impact FE analysis models were developed according to different impact ... Keywords: Frontal pole impact, Impact position, Vehicle Structure Deformation, Crashworthiness
Qihui Li, Jikuang Yang
Simple model of bulk and surface excitation effects to inelastic scattering in low-energy electron beam irradiation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes
The effect of bulk and surface excitations to inelastic scattering in low-energy electron beam irradiation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) is studied using the dielectric formalism. Calculations are based on a semiempirical dielectric response function for MWCNTs determined by means of a many-pole plasmon model with parameters adjusted to available experimental spectroscopic data under theoretical sum-rule constrains. Finite-size effects are considered in the context of electron gas theory via a boundary correction term in the plasmon dispersion relations, thus, allowing a more realistic extrapolation of the electronic excitation spectrum over the whole energy-momentum plane. Energy-loss differential and total inelastic scattering cross sections as a function of electron energy and distance from the surface, valid over the energy range {approx}50-30,000 eV, are calculated with the individual contribution of bulk and surface excitations separated and analyzed for the case of normally incident and escaping electrons. The sensitivity of the results to the various approximations for the spatial dispersion of the electronic excitations is quantified. Surface excitations are shown to have a strong influence upon the shape and intensity of the energy-loss differential cross section in the near surface region whereas the general notion of a spatially invariant inelastic mean free path inside the material is found to be of good approximation.
Kyriakou, Ioanna; Emfietzoglou, Dimitris [Medical Physics Lab, University of Ioannina Medical School, 451 10 Ioannina (Greece); Garcia-Molina, Rafael [Departamento de Fisica - CIOyN, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia (Spain); Abril, Isabel [Departament de Fisica Aplicada, Universitat d'Alacant, Apartat 99, E-03080 Alacant (Spain); Kostarelos, Kostas [Nanomedicine Lab, Centre for Drug Delivery Research, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, London WC1N 1AX (United Kingdom)
Hydrogen bonding and coordination in normal and supercritical water from X-ray inelastic scattering
A direct measure of hydrogen bonding in water under conditions ranging from the normal state to the supercritical regime is derived from the Compton scattering of inelastically-scattered X-rays. First, we show that a measure of the number of electrons $n_e$ involved in hydrogen bonding at varying thermodynamic conditions can be directly obtained from Compton profile differences. Then, we use first-principles simulations to provide a connection between $n_e$ and the number of hydrogen bonds $n_{HB}$. Our study shows that over the broad range studied the relationship between $n_e$ and $n_{HB}$ is linear, allowing for a direct experimental measure of bonding and coordination in water. In particular, the transition to supercritical state is characterized by a sharp increase in the number of water monomers, but also displays a significant number of residual dimers and trimers.
Patrick H. -L. Sit; Christophe Bellin; Bernardo Barbiellini; D. Testemale; J. -L. Hazemann; T. Buslaps; Nicola Marzari; Abhay Shukla
Inelastic analysis acceptance criteria for radioactive material transportation containers
The design criteria currently used in the design of radioactive material (RAM) transportation containers are taken from the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (ASME, 1992). These load-based criteria are ideally suited for pressure vessels where the loading is quasistatic and all stresses are in equilibrium with externally applied loads. For impact events, the use of load-based criteria is less supportable. Impact events tend to be energy controlled, and thus, energy-based acceptance criteria would appear to be more appropriate. Determination of an ideal design criteria depends on what behavior is desired. Currently there is not a design criteria for inelastic analysis for RAM nation packages that is accepted by the regulatory agencies. This lack of acceptance criteria is one of the major factors in limiting the use of inelastic analysis. In this paper inelastic analysis acceptance criteria based on stress and strain-energy density will be compared for two stainless steel test units subjected to impacts onto an unyielding target. Two different material models are considered for the inelastic analysis, a bilinear fit of the stress-strain curve and a power law hardening model that very closely follows the stress-strain curve. It is the purpose of this paper to stimulate discussion and research into the area of strain-energy density based inelastic analysis acceptance criteria.
Ammerman, D.J.; Ludwigsen, J.S.
The dynamic response of inelastic, delaminated composite plates
The dynamic behavior of metal matrix composite (MMC) plates is considered. In particular, the influence of inelastic deformations and delamination at the interfaces of the lamina on the macroscopic and local response of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}/Al plates are studied. The work is carried out using a recently developed plate theory which models both delamination and localized history-dependent effects such, as inelasticity. A linear debonding model for the interface is employed for the current work. The theory models both the initiation and growth of delaminations without imposing any restrictions on the location, size, or direction of growth of the delamination. In the current work the response of the individual lamina in the plate are modeled using the Method of Cells (MOC) micromechanical model. The inelastic behavior in the matrix is modeled using the unified viscoplastic theory of Bodner and Partom. The behavior of a Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}/Al plate under dynamic cylindrical bending subjected to a ramp and hold type of loading is examined. For simplicity, the plate is assumed to be composed of a cross-ply layup. It is shown that both inelastic deformations and delamination have a strong influence on dynamic plate behavior. The inelastic deformations have strong effect on the axial displacement while delamination has greater influence on the deflection.
Williams, T.O.; Addessio, F.L. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States). Theoretical Div.
Inelastic neutron scattering in valence fluctuation compounds
The valence fluctuation compounds are rare earth intermetallics where hybridization of the nearly-localized 4f electrons with the conduction electrons leads to incorporation of the 4f's into the itinerant states. This hybridization slows down the conduction electrons and hence gives them a heavy effective mass, justifying application of the term 'heavy Fermion' (HF) to these materials. During the project period, we grew large single crystals of several such compounds and measured their properties using both standard thermodynamic probes and state-of-the-art inelastic neutron scattering. We obtained three main results. For the intermediate valence compounds CePd{sub 3} and YbAl{sub 3}, we showed that the scattering of neutrons by the fluctuations of the 4f magnetic moment does not have the momentum dependence expected for the itinerant heavy mass state; rather, the scattering is more typical of a localized spin fluctuation. We believe that incoherent scattering localizes the excitation. For the heavy Fermion compound Ce(Ni{sub 0.935}Pd{sub 0.065}){sub 2}Ge{sub 2}, which sits at a T = 0 critical point for transformation into an antiferromagnetic (AF) phase, we showed that the scattering from the AF fluctuations does not exhibit any of the divergences that are expected at a phase transition. We speculate that alloy disorder profoundly suppresses the growth of the fluctuating AF regions, leading to short range clusters rather than regions of infinite size. Finally, we explored the applicability of key concepts used to describe the behavior of rare earth heavy Fermions to uranium based HF compounds where the 5f electrons are itinerant as opposed to localized. We found that scaling laws relating the spin fluctuation energy measured in neutron scattering to the low temperature specific heat and susceptibility are valid for the uranium compounds, once corrections are made for AF fluctuations; however, the degeneracy of the high temperature moment is smaller than expected for rare-earth-like Hund's rule behavior, essentially because the orbital moment is suppressed for itinerant 5f electrons. We also found that the standard local-moment-based theory of the temperature dependence of the specific heat, susceptibility and neutron scattering fails badly for URu{sub 2}Zn{sub 20} and UCo{sub 2}Zn{sub 20}, even though the theory is phenomenally successful for the closely related rare earth compound YbFe{sub 2}Zn{sub 20}. Both these results highlight the distinction between the itineracy of the 5f's and the localization of the 4f's. It is our hope that these results are sufficiently significant as to stimulate deeper investigation of these compounds.
Jon M Lawrence
Constraints on inelastic dark matter from XENON10
It has been suggested that dark matter particles which scatter inelastically from detector target nuclei could explain the apparent incompatibility of the DAMA modulation signal (interpreted as evidence for particle dark matter) with the null results from CDMS-II and XENON10. Among the predictions of inelastically interacting dark matter are a suppression of low-energy events, and a population of nuclear recoil events at higher nuclear recoil equivalent energies. This is in stark contrast to the well-known expectation of a falling exponential spectrum for the case of elastic interactions. We present a new analysis of XENON10 dark matter search data extending to E{sub nr} = 75 keV nuclear recoil equivalent energy. Our results exclude a significant region of previously allowed parameter space in the model of inelastically interacting dark matter. In particular, it is found that dark matter particle masses m{sub x} {approx}> 150 GeV are disfavored.
Angle, J; Aprile, E; Arneodo, F; Baudis, L; Bernstein, A; Bolozdynya, A; Coelho, L C; Dahl, C E; DeViveiros, L; Ferella, A D; Fernandes, L P; Fiorucci, S; Gaitskell, R J; Giboni, K L; Gomez, R; Hasty, R; Kastens, L; Kwong, J; Lopes, J M; Madden, N; Manalaysay, A; Manzur, A; McKinsey, D N; Monzani, M E; Ni, K; Oberlack, U; Orboeck, J; Plante, G; Santorelli, R; dos Santos, J; Shagin, P; Shutt, T; Sorensen, P; Schulte, S; Winant, C; Yamashita, M
WindPole Ventures LLC | Open Energy Information
WindPole Ventures LLC WindPole Ventures LLC Jump to: navigation, search Logo: WindPole Ventures LLC Name WindPole Ventures LLC Address 48 Pleasant Street Place Lexington, Massachusetts Zip 02421 Sector Wind energy Product Will create, develop and operate commercial-scale wind powered electric generating facilities Website http://www.windpoleventures.co Coordinates 42.423694°, -71.207449° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":42.423694,"lon":-71.207449,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
The extensions of gravitational soliton solutions with real poles
We analyse vacuum gravitational "soliton" solutions with real poles in the cosmological context. It is well known that these solutions contain singularities on certain null hypersurfaces. Using a Kasner seed solution, we demonstrate that these may contain thin sheets of null matter or may be simple coordinate singularities, and we describe a number of possible extensions through them.
J. B. Griffiths; S. Micciche
Structural Repairs for Transmission Structures: Anchors, Poles, and Lattice Construction
This document provides a brief overview of repair methods for transmission line lattice and pole structures and provides guidance on the complex financial issue of how to determine whether a corrosion repair should be accounted for as capital or expense. BackgroundAs the North American electrical transmission system ages, many issues have to be addressed to keep the system functioning. The high voltage ...
An Assessment of the Potential for Remanufacturing Out-of-Service Southern Pine Utility Poles
EPRI engaged The Beck Group (BECK), a forest products consulting firm located in Portland, Oregon, to estimate the supply and quality of out-of-service Southern Pine utility poles and to assess the potential for remanufacturing/reusing and marketing out-of-service utility poles into various solid, roundwood and other products. This report principally identifies the potential volumes and condition of out-of-service utility poles from cooperating utilities that use primarily Southern Pine poles. The report...
North Pole, Alaska: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
Pole, Alaska: Energy Resources Pole, Alaska: Energy Resources Jump to: navigation, search Equivalent URI DBpedia Coordinates 64.7511111°, -147.3494444° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":64.7511111,"lon":-147.3494444,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Coded excitation of broadband terahertz using optical rectification in poled lithium niobate
Coded excitation of broadband terahertz using optical rectification in poled lithium niobate T optical rectification of femtosecond laser pulses in poled lithium niobate patterned with a 53-bit binary forms can be generated by optical rectification in poled lithium niobate PLN . A femtosecond laser pulse
Buma, Takashi
High-repetition-rate femtosecond optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate
High-repetition-rate femtosecond optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium periodically poled lithium niobate is described. This optical parametric oscillator is continuously tunable American Institute of Physics. S0003-6951 97 04325-8 Periodically poled lithium niobate PPLN has emerged
Fejer, Martin M.
Evaluation of Member-Supplied Crossarms and Poles
Very little information pertaining to the design, installation, troubleshooting, and maintenance of fiberglass-reinforced polymer (FRP) poles and crossarms is available. This report summarizes an industry literature review, an Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) member survey, and a survey of manufacturers in order to identify gaps in each of the critical areas that support the use of FRP materials in power utility distribution and transmission ...
Atmospheric neutrino flux at INO, South Pole and Pyhäsalmi
We present the calculation of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes for the neutrino experiments proposed at INO, South Pole and Pyh\\"asalmi. Neutrino fluxes have been obtained using ATMNC, a simulation code for cosmic ray in the atmosphere. Even using the same primary flux model and the interaction model, the calculated atmospheric neutrino fluxes are different for the different sites due to the geomagnetic field. The prediction of these fluxes in the present paper would be quite useful in the experimental analysis.
M. Sajjad Athar; M. Honda; T. Kajita; K. Kasahara; S. Midorikawa
Report on Wood Pole and Crossarm Degradation Modes
This report covers the typical types of wood used in transmission line construction. The species can be categorized by their level of corrosion resistance, the type of preservative treatment that is appropriate and the type of decay that is predominant. This market has the benefit of experience and training gained through years of pole maintenance practices, research and the techniques that migrate directly to crossarm maintenance.
Means and method for nonuniform poling of piezoelectric transducers
An apparatus and method for nonuniform poling of piezoelectric transducers includes machining one or more indentation into an end of a piezoelectric rod and cutting the rod to present a thickened disk shape. Highly electrically conductive material is deposited on at least the indentations in the one end and on at least portions of the opposite face of the member. One or more electrodes are configured to matingly fit within the indentations on the one face of the disk, with a like number of electrodes being positionable on the opposite face of the material. Electrical power is then applied to the electrodes in desired amounts, polarity, and duration. The indentations vary the electrical field produced within the piezoelectric material to produce nonuniform poling in the material. The thick disk is then cut to remove the indentations and to present a thin, flat two sided disk for installation in a conventional piezoelectric transducer probe. The indentations are selected to produce poling in accordance with desired transducer response profiles such as Gaussian or Bessel functions.
Hsu, David K. (Ames, IA); Margetan, Frank J. (Ames, IA); Hasselbusch, Michael D. (Ames, IA); Wormley, Samuel J. (Ames, IA); Hughes, Michael S. (Ames, IA); Thompson, Donald O. (Ames, IA)
North Pole's Holiday Wish for An Energy Efficient 2012 | Department of
North Pole's Holiday Wish for An Energy Efficient 2012 North Pole's Holiday Wish for An Energy Efficient 2012 North Pole's Holiday Wish for An Energy Efficient 2012 December 23, 2011 - 4:20pm Addthis The city of North Pole, Alaska, is hoping to use $100,000 in Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant funds to improve the energy efficiency of several key city facilities.| Photo courtesy of the a href"http://www.northpolefire.org/">North Pole Fire Department. The city of North Pole, Alaska, is hoping to use $100,000 in Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant funds to improve the energy efficiency of several key city facilities.| Photo courtesy of the a href"http://www.northpolefire.org/">North Pole Fire Department. Chris Galm Marketing & Communications Specialist, Office of Energy Efficiency &
Alpha inelastic scattering and cluster structures in {sup 24}Mg
The alpha inelastic scattering from {sup 24}Mg was measured to obtain the isoscalar natural-parity excitation strengths and to search for the {alpha}-condensed states. The multipole decomposition analysis for the measured cross sections was performed. The strength distributions for the {Delta}L = 0-3 were successfully obtained and the possible candidates for the {alpha}-condensed states around the {sup 16}O core were found.
Kawabata, T.; Ishiguro, Y.; Nozawa, Y.; Tomida, N.; Yokota, N. [Department of Physics, Kyoto University (Japan); Adachi, T.; Fujiwara, M.; Hatanaka, K.; Tamii, A.; Yasuda, Y.; Zenihiro, J. [Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University (Japan); Itoh, M.; Takahashi, T.; Yoshida, H. P. [Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University (Japan); Maeda, Y.; Miyasako, H.; Saito, T. [Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki (Japan); Matsubara, H.; Sasamoto, Y.; Tokieda, H. [Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo (Japan)
Microsoft Word - CX-Snohomish-MurrayWoodPoles_WEB.doc
1 1 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Joyce Vaughn Project Manager - TELP-TPP-3 Proposed Action: Snohomish-Murray No.1 structure 9/4 modification PP&A Project No.: 1990 Budget Information: Work Order 00251084, Task 03 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B4.6: Additions or modifications to electric power transmission facilities that would not affect the environment beyond the previously developed facility area including, but not limited to, switchyard rock grounding upgrades, secondary containment projects, paving projects, seismic upgrading, tower modifications, changing insulators, replacement of poles, circuit breakers, conductors, transformers, and crossarms.
Electron muon scattering in the exotic Z(0)' pole
The search for new physics in the future Internacional Linear Collider ILC, implies the existence of new particles, among them, the Z(0)' particle. In this regard, we calculate the e{sup +}+e{sup -}{yields}{mu}{sup +}+{mu}{sup -} scattering cross section near the Z(0)' pole, whitin the contex of the SU(3){sub L}xU(1){sub Y} weak model, which contains exotic leptons, quarks, and bosons (E,J,U,V) with the finality of obtain constraints in the parameters of the model.
Diaz, H.; Ravinez, O.; Romero, D.; Reyes, J. [Instituto de Fisica Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria (Peru)
Competition of Brazil nut effect, buoyancy, and inelasticity induced segregation in a granular mixture
It has been recently reported that a granular mixture in which grains differ in their restitution coefficients presents segregation: the more inelastic particles sink to the bottom. When other segregation mechanisms as buoyancy and the Brazil nut effect are present, the inelasticity induced segregation can compete with them. First, a detailed analysis, based on numerical simulations of two dimensional systems, of the competition between buoyancy and the inelasticity induced segregation is presented, finding that there is a transition line in the parameter space that determines which mechanism is dominant. In the case of neutrally buoyant particles having different sizes the inelasticity induced segregation can compete with the Brazil nut effect (BNE). Reverse Brazil nut effect (RBNE) could be obtained at large inelasticities of the intruder. At intermediate values, BNE and RBNE coexist and large inelastic particles are found both near the bottom and at the top of the system.
Ricardo Brito; Rodrigo Soto
Evidence of water ice near the lunar poles
Lunar Prospector epithermal neutron data were studied to evaluate the probable chemical state of enhanced hydrogen, [H], reported previously to be near both lunar poles [1,2]. Improved versions of thermal and epithermal neutron data were developed for this purpose. Most important is the improved spatial resolution obtained by using shortened integration times. A new data set was created, Epi* = [Epithermal - 0.057 x Thermal], to reduce effects of composition variations other than those due to hydrogen. The Epi* counting rates are generally low near both lunar poles and high over terrane near recent impact events such as Tycho and Jackson. However, other lunar features are also associated with high Epi* rates, which represent a wide range of terrane types that seem to have little in common. If we postulate that one property all bright Epi* features do have in common is low [H], then measured Epi* counting rates appear to be quantitatively self consistent. If we assume that [H]=O above the top 98th percentile of Epi* counting rates at 2{sup o} x 2{sup o} spatial resolution, then [H]{sub ave} = 55 ppm for latitudes equatorward of [75{sup o}]. This value is close to the average found in returned lunar soil samples, [H]{sub ave} {approx} 50 ppm [3]. Using the foregoing physical interpretation of Epi* counting rates, we find that the Epi* counts within most of the large craters poleward of {+-}70{sup o} are higher, and therefore [H] is lower, than that in neighboring inter-crater plains, as shown in Figure 1. Fourteen of these craters that have areas larger than the LP epithermal spatial resolution (55 km diameter at 30 km altitude), were singled out for study. [H] is generally found to increase with decreasing distance from the poles (hence decreasing temperature). However, quantitative estimates of the diffusivity of hydrogen at low temperature show that diffusion can not be an important factor in explaining the difference between the relatively low [H] observed within the large sunlit polar craters and the relatively high [H] in neighboring inter-crater plains. A closer look at the 'inter-crater' plains near the poles, shows that they are covered by many small craters that harbor permanent shade [4]. The temperatures within many of these craters are low enough [5] that they can disable sublimation as a viable loss process of [H{sub 2}O]. It is therefore tempting to postulate that the enhanced hydrogen within most regions of permanent shade is in the form of water molecules. This postulate is certainly viable within the bottoms of several large, permanently shaded craters near the south pole. Predicted temperatures within them [5] fall well below the 100 K temperature that is needed to stabilize water ice for aeons. The picture is different near the north pole. Here, there are relatively few permanently-shaded craters that are large enough to harbor temperatures that are sufficiently low to stabilize water ice indefinitely against sublimation [5]. Instead, the 'inter-crater' polar plains are a jumble of many permanently-shaded craters that have diameters less than 10 km [4]. Although simulations of temperatures within this class of craters show they are only marginally cold enough to indefinitely stabilize water ice [5], this terrane appears to have the highest [H]. Nevertheless, predicted temperatures are close enough to that needed to permanently stabilize [H{sub 2}O] to suggest that sublimation is indeed the process that discriminates between polar terrane that contains enhanced [H] and those that do not (see, e.g., the temperature estimates for doubly-shaded craters [6]). If correct, then an important fraction of the hydrogen near the north pole must be in the form of H{sub 2}O, which then resides within these small craters. Estimates using our improved data set of [H] within craters near the south pole remain unchanged from those derived from our previous analysis [2], [H] = 1700{+-}900 ppm. This translates to [H{sub 2}O]=1.5{+-}0.8%. If all of the enhanced hydrogen in the north is in the form of H{sub 2}O and is confin
Feldman, W. C. (William C.); Maurice, S. (Sylvestre); Lawrence, David J. (David Jeffery),; Little, R. C. (Robert C.); Lawrence, S. L. (Stefanie L.); Gasnault, O. M. (Olivier M.); Wiens, R. C. (Roger C.); Barraclough, B. L. (Bruce L.); Elphic, Richard C.,; Prettyman, T. H. (Thomas H.); Steinberg, John Tyree; Binder, A. B.
INELASTIC PROCESSES AND IN FISSION L. G. Moretto Lawrenceinelastic processes and fission have been studied in thealpha [10] and sequential fission probabilities and angular
Moretto, L.G.
Inelastic collapse in one-dimensional driven systems under gravity
We study the inelastic collapse in the one-dimensional $N$-particle systems in the situation where the system is driven from below under the gravity. We investigate the hard-sphere limit of the inelastic soft-sphere systems by numerical simulations to find how the collision rate per particle $n_{coll}$ increases as a function of the elastic constant of the sphere $k$ when the restitution coefficient $e$ is kept constant. For the systems with large enough $N \\agt 20$, we find three regimes in $e$ depending on the behavior of $n_{coll}$ in the hard-sphere limit: (i) uncollapsing regime for $1 \\ge e > e_{c1}$, where $n_{coll}$ converges to a finite value, (ii) logarithmically collapsing regime for $e_{c1} > e > e_{c2}$, where $n_{coll}$ diverges as $n_{coll} \\sim \\log k$, and (iii) power-law collapsing regime for $e_{c2} > e > 0$, where $n_{coll}$ diverges as $n_{coll} \\sim k^\\alpha$ with an exponent $\\alpha$ that depends on $N$. The power-law collapsing regime shrinks as $N$ decreases and seems not to exist for the system with N=3 while, for large $N$, the size of the uncollapsing and the logarithmically collapsing regime decreases as $e_{c1} \\simeq 1-2.6/N$ and $e_{c2} \\simeq 1-3.0/N$. We demonstrate that this difference between large and small systems exists already in the inelastic collapse without the external drive and the gravity.
Jun'ichi Wakou; Hiroyuki Kitagishi; Takahiro Sakaue; Hiizu Nakanishi
Assessment of Treated Wood and Alternate Materials for Utility Distribution Poles
This report provides salient facts about common and potential alternative wood pole preservatives and common and potential alternative wood pole materials for use in the electrical distribution setting. Relevant organizations are also discussed. The report presents a brief history of the development and use of each preservative and pole material. It characterizes, qualifies, and quantifies (where possible) the potential impacts of shifts from common preservatives to alternative preservatives and from sou...
Nuclear medium effects in $?(\\bar?)$-nucleus deep inelastic scattering
We study the nuclear medium effects in the weak structure functions $F_2(x,Q^2)$ and $F_3(x,Q^2)$ in the deep inelastic neutrino/antineutrino reactions in nuclei. We use a theoretical model for the nuclear spectral functions which incorporates the conventional nuclear effects, such as Fermi motion, binding and nucleon correlations. We also consider the pion and rho meson cloud contributions calculated from a microscopic model for meson-nucleus self-energies. The calculations have been performed using relativistic nuclear spectral functions which include nucleon correlations. Our results are compared with the experimental data of NuTeV and CDHSW.
H. Haider; I. Ruiz Simo; M. Sajjad Athar; M. J. Vicente Vacas
Microsoft Word - CX-CowlitzTaptoChehalis-CovingtonWoodPoles_WEB...
8, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-Covington SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Clay Grande Line Foreman III - TFCF-Covington Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement at...
Microsoft Word - CX-BigEddy-RedmondWoodPoles_WEB.doc
Clearance Memorandum Darrell Aaby Line Foreman III - TFDF-Redmond Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements at select locations along the Big Eddy-Redmond and Redmond-Pilot...
Residual stress relief due to fatigue in tetragonal lead zirconate titanate ceramics
High energy synchrotron XRD was employed to determine the lattice strain {epsilon}{l_brace}111{r_brace}and diffraction peak intensity ratio R{l_brace}200{r_brace}in tetragonal PZT ceramics, both in the virgin poled state and after a bipolar fatigue experiment. It was shown that the occurrence of microstructural damage during fatigue was accompanied by a reduction in the gradient of the {epsilon}{l_brace}111{r_brace}-cos{sup 2} {psi} plot, indicating a reduction in the level of residual stress due to poling. In contrast, the fraction of oriented 90 Degree-Sign ferroelectric domains, quantified in terms of R{l_brace}200{r_brace}, was not affected significantly by fatigue. The change in residual stress due to fatigue is interpreted in terms of a change in the average elastic stiffness of the polycrystalline matrix due to the presence of inter-granular microcracks.
Hall, D. A.; Mori, T. [School of Materials, University of Manchester, Grosvenor St., Manchester M1 7HS (United Kingdom); Comyn, T. P. [Institute for Materials Research, Woodhouse Lane, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT (United Kingdom); Ringgaard, E. [Meggitt Sensing Systems, Hejreskovvej 18A, 3490 Kvistgaard (Denmark); Wright, J. P. [ESRF, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP-220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex (France)
Materials - Recycling - Shredder Residue
Recovering Materials from Shredder Residue Recovering Materials from Shredder Residue Obsolete automobiles, home appliances and other metal-containing scrap are shredded for the recovery of metals. More than 50% of the material shredded is automobiles. In the United States, shredders generate about 5 million tons of shredder residue every year. Similar amounts are produced in Europe and in the Pacific Rim. Because recycling shredder waste has not been profitable, most of it ends up in landfills; smaller amounts are incinerated. Argonne researchers have developed and tested a process to recover polymers and metals from shredder residue. A 2-ton/hr pilot plant, consisting of a mechanical separation facility and a six-stage wet density/froth flotation plant, was built at Argonne. In the mechanical part of the plant, the shredder waste was separated into five primary components: a polymer fraction (about 45% by weight), a residual metals concentrate (about 10% by weight), a polyurethane foam portion (about 5% by weight), an organic-rich fraction (about 25% by weight) and a metal oxides fraction (about 15% by weight). The polymer fraction was then separated further in the wet density/froth flotation system to recover individual plastic types or compatible families of polymers.
Agriculture Residues Recycling
Abstract: Saudi Arabia, as well as other countries in the Near East region, is characterized by erratic weather conditions, limited area of fertile arable lands, and with acute water shortage. Although agricultural residues (AGR) production in the region is huge (more than 440 million tons), most of these residues are either burned in the field or utilized in an inefficient way. Utilization of AGR as compost may contribute to expansion of arable lands through its use for reclamation of soil and reduce irrigation requirements. This study was conducted at Al Khalidiah farm, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to assess compost production at large commercial scale using several types of agricultural and animal by-products with addition of a BZT®Compost Activator (based mainly on microorganism, enzymes and yeast). In this study, two types of compost piles were made at the farm. The first pile of compost was made of different agriculture residues, namely: animal wastes (quail, goat and sheep manure), brownian agricultural wastes (windbreaks residues, date trees, citrus and olive trees pruning) and green landscape grasses (50%, 25 % and 25%, respectively) and was treated with a tested compost activator. The same agriculture residues combination was also made for the second pile as traditional compost
M. W. Sadik; H. M. El Shaer; H. M. Yakot
Microsoft Word - CX-Murray-CusterWoodPoles_WEB.doc
Covington Covington SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Steve Scott Line Foreman III - TFNF-Snohomish Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement at selected locations along the Murray-Custer #1 transmission line right-of-way (ROW). PP&A Project No.: 1963 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective...are required to maintain...infrastructures...in a condition suitable for a facility to be used for its designed purpose. Location: The proposed project is located in Snohomish and Skagit Counties, Washington, in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Snohomish District.
Tools and Methods to Perform Live Work on Reduced-Clearance Facilities: Electrical Performance of Pole Wraps and Guards: Electrical Performance of Pole Wraps and Guards
To ensure that transmission lines remain in service every day of the year, transmission owners are increasingly turning to live-line working techniques as standard practice. Earlier EPRI research showed that the ac performance of pole wraps and guards holds promise for use above stated ratings in live-line work. This report summarizes the results obtained from recent tests on pole wraps using ac and switching impulse voltages.
Measurement and QCD analysis of event shape variables in deep-inelastic electron-proton collisions at HERA
Kluge, T
Application of Dixon resultant to satellite trajectory control by pole placement
Control system design process based on pole placement frequently requires to solve underdetermined multivariate polynomial systems. Since only the real solutions can be accepted for hardware implementation, we are looking for exclusively these roots. ... Keywords: Dixon resultant, Multivariate polynomial system, Pole placement, Satellite control, Symbolic-numeric computation
B. PaláNcz
Creosote-Treated Wood Poles and Crossarms: Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) Results
If creosote-treated wood poles and crossarms are classified as hazardous waste by the EPA's revised toxicity characteristic rule, disposal costs will rise dramatically. However, when the rule is applied to data obtained from this EPRI study, creosote-treated utility wood poles and crossarms receive a nonhazardous classification.
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)-Treated Wood Poles and Crossarms: Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) Results
If pentachlorophenol (PCP)-treated wood poles and crossarms are classified as hazardous waste by the revised toxicity characteristic (TC) rule, disposal costs will rise dramatically. However, when the ruling is applied to data obtained during this study, PCP-treated utility wood poles and crossarms receive a nonhazardous classification.
Pioneering the New Grid: Pole-mounted Solar | Department of Energy
Pioneering the New Grid: Pole-mounted Solar Pioneering the New Grid: Pole-mounted Solar Pioneering the New Grid: Pole-mounted Solar May 7, 2010 - 10:54am Addthis SunWave solar power systems are attached to utility poles, where they can gather sun power as well as provide a point of data gathering for utility companies to monitor the grid. | Photo courtesy Petra Solar SunWave solar power systems are attached to utility poles, where they can gather sun power as well as provide a point of data gathering for utility companies to monitor the grid. | Photo courtesy Petra Solar Joshua DeLung What does this mean for me? About 25,000 SunWave panels -- which generate energy for the grid as well as communicate an energy snapshot at that point -- are already in operation, with a further expected 200,000 installations.
Nuclear spin response studies in inelastic polarized proton scattering
Spin-flip probabilities S/sub nn/ have been measured for inelastic proton scattering at incident proton energies around 300 MeV from a number of nuclei. At low excitation energies S/sub nn/ is below the free value. For excitation energies above about 30 MeV for momentum transfers between about 0.35 fm/sup /minus/1/ and 0.65 fm/sup / minus/1/ S/sub nn/ exceeds free values significantly. These results suggest that the relative ..delta..S = 1(..delta..S = 0 + ..delta..S = 1) nuclear spin response approaches about 90% in the region of the enhancement. Comparison of the data with slab response calculations are presented. Decomposition of the measured cross sections into sigma(..delta..S = 0) and sigma(..delta..S = 1) permit extraction of nonspin-flip and spin-flip dipole and quadrupole strengths. 29 refs., 11 figs.
Jones, K.W.
SRC Residual fuel oils
Coal solids (SRC) and distillate oils are combined to afford single-phase blends of residual oils which have utility as fuel oils substitutes. The components are combined on the basis of their respective polarities, that is, on the basis of their heteroatom content, to assure complete solubilization of SRC. The resulting composition is a fuel oil blend which retains its stability and homogeneity over the long term.
Tewari, Krishna C. (Whitehall, PA); Foster, Edward P. (Macungie, PA)
Cosmic String constraints from WMAP and the South Pole Telescope
The predictions of the inflationary LCDM paradigm match today's high-precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background anisotropy extremely well. The same data put tight limits on other sources of anisotropy. Cosmic strings are a particularly interesting alternate source to constrain. Strings are topological defects, remnants of inflationary-era physics that persist after the big bang. They are formed in a variety of models of inflation, including string theory models such as brane inflation. We assume a "Nambu-Goto" model for strings, approximated by a collection of unconnected segments with zero width, and show that measurements of temperature anisotropy by the South Pole Telescope break a parameter degeneracy in the WMAP data, permitting us to place a strong upper limit on the possible string contribution to the CMB anisotropy: the power sourced by zero-width strings must be <1.75% (95% CL) of the total or the string tension Gmu <1.7x10^{-7}. These limits imply that the best hope for detecting strings in the CMB will come from B-mode polarization measurements at arcminute scales rather than the degree scale measurements pursued for gravitational wave detection.
Cora Dvorkin; Mark Wyman; Wayne Hu
Residual Stresses and Numerical Simulation
Oct 28, 2013 ... Advances in Hydroelectric Turbine Manufacturing and Repair: Residual Stresses and Numerical Simulation Sponsored by: Metallurgical ...
Inclusive Aand Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering at Cebaf at Higher Energies
We summarize the discussion on the possibilities of doing inclusive and semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering experiments at CEBAF with beam energy of the order of 10 GeV.
B. Frois; P. J. Mulders
Geek-Up[12.23.2010]: Muons at the South Pole and Dr. Nick Holoynak |
2.23.2010]: Muons at the South Pole and Dr. Nick Holoynak 2.23.2010]: Muons at the South Pole and Dr. Nick Holoynak Geek-Up[12.23.2010]: Muons at the South Pole and Dr. Nick Holoynak December 23, 2010 - 12:05pm Addthis Illustration of the IceCube neutrino observatory. Source: LBNL Illustration of the IceCube neutrino observatory. Source: LBNL Niketa Kumar Niketa Kumar Public Affairs Specialist, Office of Public Affairs Earlier today, the Energy Blog featured Los Alamos National Lab's system to track Santa. However, while there is a lot of attention focused on the North Pole right now, the Geek-Up[date] team is taking a look at the opposite end of the Earth. This past weekend, a collaborative group of 40 institutions from around the world, including DOE's Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, celebrated the completion of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
Old Y-12 utility poles put to use for recreation and training | National
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Old Y-12 utility poles put to use for recreation and training | National Old Y-12 utility poles put to use for recreation and training | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Home > NNSA Blog > Old Y-12 utility poles put to use ... Old Y-12 utility poles put to use for recreation and training Posted By Office of Public Affairs Logs and trucks Maintenance Support and Utilities Management personnel at NNSA's Y-12
Radiosonde Observations from the Former Soviet "North Pole" Series of Drifting Ice Stations, 1954–90
An historical archive of over 25 000 radiosonde observations from the former Soviet "North Pole" series of drifting ice stations has been compiled and made available to interested researchers. This archive is the only long-term set of ...
Jonathan D. W. Kahl; Nina A. Zaitseva; V. Khattatov; R. C. Schnell; Dina M. Bacon; Jason Bacon; V. Radionov; M. C. Serreze
Lidar Determinations of Atmospheric Ice Crystal Layers at South Pole during Clear-Sky Precipitation
Results of lidar measurements of atmospheric ice crystal layers during 36 clear-sky precipitation events at South Pole (2850 m MSL) during the winter over the period March-November 1975 are presented and correlated with ice crystal replicator, ...
Vern N. Smiley; Bruce M. Whitcomb; Bruce M. Morley; Joseph A. Warburton
Recent Interannual Variations in Solar Radiation, Cloudiness, and Surface Temperature at the South Pole
Incoming global solar irradiance measured at the surface at the South Pole unexpectedly decreased steadily by 15% from 1976 through 1987 during the late austral summer season, whereas no trend is apparent for September through December. February'...
Ellsworth G. Dutton; Robert S. Stone; Donald W. Nelson; Bernard G. Mendonca
Microsoft Word - CX-Driscoll-NaselleWood PolesFY12_WEB.doc
Memorandum Ryan Brady Line Foreman III - TFOK-Chehalis Proposed Action: In-kind wood pole replacements as needed on the Driscoll-Naselle No. 1 115-kV transmission line...
Old Y-12 utility poles put to use for recreation and training...
trucks Maintenance Support and Utilities Management personnel at NNSA's Y-12 National Security Complex have taken steps to make sure old utility poles aren't sent to the...
Options for Prevention, Mitigation, and Remediation at Wood Poles Storage Sites
As part of the maintenance of the electrical transmission and distribution networks in the United States, electric utilities store treated wood poles and cross arms at storage facilities. During this storage, chemicals of concern (COCs) used in preservative formulations can drip and leach during precipitation events from the treated wood poles and cross arms, potentially impacting site soils, groundwater, and nearby surface water bodies. These COCs will vary depending on the types of treated wood stored ...
Soliton Solutions with Real Poles in the Alekseev formulation of the Inverse-Scattering method
A new approach to the inverse-scattering technique of Alekseev is presented which permits real-pole soliton solutions of the Ernst equations to be considered. This is achieved by adopting distinct real poles in the scattering matrix and its inverse. For the case in which the electromagnetic field vanishes, some explicit solutions are given using a Minkowski seed metric. The relation with the corresponding soliton solutions that can be constructed using the Belinskii-Zakharov inverse-scattering technique is determined.
S. Micciche; J. B. Griffiths
Final State Interaction Effects in Semi-inclusive Deep Inelastic processes A(e,e'p)X off the deuteron and complex nuclei
The effects of the final state interaction (FSI) in semi inclusive deep inelastic electron scattering processes $A(e,e'p)X$ off nuclei are investigated in details. Proton production is described within the spectator and the target fragmentation mechanisms whose relevance to the experimental study of the deep inelastic structure functions of bound nucleons and the non perturbative hadronization process is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the deuteron target within kinematical conditions corresponding to the available and forthcoming experimental data at Jlab. We argue that there are kinematical regions where FSI effects are minimized, allowing for a reliable investigation of the DIS structure functions, and regions where the interaction of the quark-gluon debris with nucleons is maximized, which makes it possible to study hadronization mechanisms. Nuclear structure has been described by means of realistic wave functions and spectral functions and the final state interaction has been treated within an eikonal approximation approach which takes into account the rescattering of the quark-gluon debris with the residual nucleus and, in the case of complex nuclei, within an optical potential approach to account for the FSI of the struck proton.
M. Alvioli; C. Ciofi degli Atti; V. Palli; L. P. Kaptari
BT8 Residual Stress Diffractometer
... 5) T. Gnaupel-Herold, HJ Prask, AV Clark, CS Hehman, TN Nguyen, A Comparison of Neutron and Ultrasonic Determinations of Residual Stress ...
... Residual Stresses and Mechanical Damage in Gas Pipelines. ... Pressure in a pipeline superimposes a stress on ... are exceeded in pipelines with low ...
Techniques for Measuring Residual Stresses
Table 1Â Â Â Classification of techniques for measuring residual stress...stress A-1 Stress-relaxation techniques using electric
Table 1Â Â Â Classification of techniques for measuring residual stress...stress A-1 Stress relaxation techniques using electric
Hanford Tank Waste Residuals
Hanford Hanford Tank Waste Residuals DOE HLW Corporate Board November 6, 2008 Chris Kemp, DOE ORP Bill Hewitt, YAHSGS LLC Hanford Tanks & Tank Waste * Single-Shell Tanks (SSTs) - ~27 million gallons of waste* - 149 SSTs located in 12 SST Farms - Grouped into 7 Waste Management Areas (WMAs) for RCRA closure purposes: 200 West Area S/SX T TX/TY U 200 East Area A/AX B/BX/BY C * Double-Shell Tanks (DSTs) - ~26 million gallons of waste* - 28 DSTs located in 6 DST Farms (1 West/5 East) * 17 Misc Underground Storage Tanks (MUST) * 43 Inactive MUST (IMUST) 200 East Area A/AX B/BX/BY C * Volumes fluctuate as SST retrievals and 242-A Evaporator runs occur. Major Regulatory Drivers * Radioactive Tank Waste Materials - Atomic Energy Act - DOE M 435.1-1, Ch II, HLW - Other DOE Orders * Hazardous/Dangerous Tank Wastes - Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (TPA) - Retrieval/Closure under State's implementation
Microsoft Word - CX-AlveyDistWoodPoles_FY13_WEB.docx
Alvey District Wood Pole Replacement Projects Alvey District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2663 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Various transmission lines located in Douglas, Linn, and Lane counties, Oregon. Refer to Project Location Attachment for transmission lines and corresponding structure locations. Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace deteriorating wood poles and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors, etc.) along the subject transmission lines. Replacement will be in-kind and will utilize the existing holes to minimize ground disturbance. If necessary, an auger will be used to remove any loose soil from
Microsoft Word - CX-NorthBendWoodPoles_FY13_WEB.docx
North Bend District Wood Pole Replacement Projects North Bend District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2658 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Various transmission lines located in Douglas, Linn, and Lane counties, Oregon. Refer to Project Location Attachment for transmission lines and corresponding structure locations. Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace deteriorating wood poles and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors, etc.) along the subject transmission lines. Replacement will be in-kind and will utilize the existing holes to minimize ground disturbance. If necessary, an auger will be used to remove any loose soil from
Microsoft Word - CX-PilotButte-LaPineWoodPoleFY12_WEB.docx
30, 2012 30, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Pilot Butte-La Pine No. 1 Wood Pole Replacement Project PP&A Project No.: 2188 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B4.6 Additions and modifications to transmission facilities ... include ... replacement of wood poles. Location: Pilot Butte-La Pine No. 1 transmission line located in Deschutes County, Oregon, at the following structures: Mile Structure 5 7 6 5 7 4 16 7 16 8 17 5 18 1 18 3 21 3 21 8 25 3 30 5 Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA is proposing to replace 12 deteriorating wood pole
Prospective Outlook on Long-Term Energy Systems (POLES) | Open Energy
Prospective Outlook on Long-Term Energy Systems (POLES) Prospective Outlook on Long-Term Energy Systems (POLES) Jump to: navigation, search LEDSGP green logo.png FIND MORE DIA TOOLS This tool is part of the Development Impacts Assessment (DIA) Toolkit from the LEDS Global Partnership. Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Prospective Outlook on Long-Term Energy Systems (POLES) Agency/Company /Organization: European Commission, Enerdata, in collaboration with LEPII Sector: Climate, Energy Focus Area: Renewable Energy, Greenhouse Gas Topics: Low emission development planning Resource Type: Software/modeling tools Complexity/Ease of Use: Advanced Website: www.enerdata.net/docssales/press-office-20th-world-energy-congress.pdf Cost: Free Related Tools Modular Applied General Equilibrium Tool (MAGNET) WorldScan SEAGA Intermediate Level Handbook
Instrument for analysis of electric motors based on slip-poles component
A new instrument for monitoring the condition and speed of an operating electric motor from a remote location. The slip-poles component is derived from a motor current signal. The magnitude of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor condition monitor, while the frequency of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor speed monitor. The result is a simple-to-understand motor health monitor in an easy-to-use package. Straightforward indications of motor speed, motor running current, motor condition (e.g., rotor bar condition) and synthesized motor sound (audible indication of motor condition) are provided. With the device, a relatively untrained worker can diagnose electric motors in the field without requiring the presence of a trained engineer or technician.
Haynes, Howard D. (Knoxville, TN); Ayers, Curtis W. (Clinton, TN); Casada, Donald A. (Knoxville, TN)
A new instrument is described for monitoring the condition and speed of an operating electric motor from a remote location. The slip-poles component is derived from a motor current signal. The magnitude of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor condition monitor, while the frequency of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor speed monitor. The result is a simple-to-understand motor health monitor in an easy-to-use package. Straightforward indications of motor speed, motor running current, motor condition (e.g., rotor bar condition) and synthesized motor sound (audible indication of motor condition) are provided. With the device, a relatively untrained worker can diagnose electric motors in the field without requiring the presence of a trained engineer or technician. 4 figs.
Haynes, H.D.; Ayers, C.W.; Casada, D.A.
Microsoft Word - CX-HillsCreek-LookoutPointWoodPolesFY12_WEB.docx
REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Chad Hamel Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Hills Creek-Lookout Point No. 1 wood pole replacements PP&A Project No.: 2315 (WO# 297311) Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Lane County, Oregon Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), Alvey District Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace four deteriorating wood pole structures and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors) along the subject transmission line. The poles are located on private residential and US Forest Service land. Landowners will be notified prior to replacement activities. Replacement will be in-
SOFT INELASTIC X-RAY SCATTERING (SIX) Group Leader: Ignace Jarrige
INELASTIC X-RAY SCATTERING (SIX) INELASTIC X-RAY SCATTERING (SIX) Group Leader: Ignace Jarrige 1 Proposal Team: D. Arena 1 , A. Baron 2 , Y. Cai 1 , Y.-D. Chuang 3 , F. de Groot 4 , J. Guo 3 , J.P. Hill 1 , S. Hulbert 1 , C. McGuinness 5 , R. Reininger 9 , J.E. Rubenson 6 , C. Sanchez-Hanke 1 , T. Schmitt 7 , K. Smith 8 1 Brookhaven National Laboratory, 2 SPring-8, 3 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 4 Utrecht University, 5 Trinity College Dublin, 6 Uppsala University, 7 Paul Scherrer Institute, 8 Boston University, 9 Argonne National Laboratory TECHNIQUE AND CAPABILITIES APPLICATIONS ADDITIONAL INFORMATION * Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) at unprecedented resolution (10 meV @ 1000 eV) to revolutionize study of low energy excitations in many important materials. * Continuously tunable momentum transfer (q) to study the
Towards equilibration and thermalization between finite quantum systems: The role of dephasing effects and inelastic interactions
We demonstrate the approach towards a Gibbs-like equilibrium state, with a common temperature and a chemical potential, of two finite metallic grains, prepared with a different number of noninteracting electrons, connected by a weak link that is susceptible to incoherent and inelastic processes. By developing an analytic method and by using an exact numerical approach, the quantum time evolution of the electrons in the metallic grains is followed. In the absence of decoherring and inelastic effects, equilibration is never reached. Introducing dephasing effects on the link only, using a dephasing probe, the two quantum systems equilibrate, but do not evolve towards a Gibbs-like state. In contrast, by mimicking inelastic interactions with a voltage probe, the metal pieces evolve towards a common Gibbs-like equilibrium state, with the probe.
Manas Kulkarni; Kunal L. Tiwari; Dvira Segal
Differences Between the Pole and On-Shell Masses and Widths of the Higgs Boson
The differences between the on-shell mass and width of the Higgs boson and their pole counterparts are evaluated in leading order. For a heavy Higgs boson, they are found to be sensitive functions of the gauge parameter and become numerically large over a class of gauges that includes the unitary gauge. For a light Higgs boson, the differences remain small in all gauges. The pinch-technique mass and width are found to be close to their pole counterparts over a large range of Higgs boson masses.
B. A. Kniehl; A. Sirlin
Microsoft Word - CX-AlveyMaintenanceHQ_PoleStorageUpgrade_WEB.doc
4 4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Brett Sherer Project Manager - KEP-4 Proposed Action: Environmental protection system upgrades at pole storage facility at Alvey Maintenance Headquarters. Budget Information: Work Order #00283226 Categorical Exclusion Applied (Appendix B to Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B4.6: Additions or modifications to electric power transmission facilities that would not affect the environment beyond the previously developed facility area including, but not limited to, switchyard rock grounding upgrades, secondary containment projects, paving projects, seismic upgrading, tower modifications, changing insulators, and replacement of poles, circuit breakers, conductors, transformers, and crossarms.
High energy resolution inelastic x-ray scattering at the SRI-CAT
This report is a combination of vugraphs and two papers. The vugraphs give information on the beamline at the APS for IXS and the science addressable by IXS. They also cover the 10 milli-eV resolution spectrometer and the 200 milli-eV resolution spectrometer. The first paper covers the performance of the focusing Ge(444) backscattering analyzers for the inelastic x-ray scattering. The second paper discusses inelastic x-ray scattering from TiC and Ti single crystals.
Macrander, A.T.
Residual Circulation and Tropopause Structure
The effect of large-scale dynamics as represented by the residual mean meridional circulation in the transformed Eulerian sense, in particular its stratospheric part, on lower stratospheric static stability and tropopause structure is studied ...
Thomas Birner
Crop residues as feedstock for renewable fuels
Nutrient removal and net costs weigh on decisions to use crop residues as biofuel feedstocks. Crop residues as feedstock for renewable fuels Inform Magazine Biofuels and Bioproducts and Biodiesel Inform Archives Crop residues as feedstock for rene
Modeling and experimental validation of internal faults in salient pole synchronous machines including space harmonics
Considering the space harmonics caused by the faulted windings, a simulation model of internal faults in salient pole synchronous machines is proposed in this paper. The model is based on the winding function approach, which makes no assumption for sinusoidal ... Keywords: Internal faults, Space harmonics, Synchronous machines, Winding function
X. Tu; L. -A. Dessaint; M. El Kahel; A. Barry
Testing and Analysis of the Single-Phase Written-Pole Motor
The Written-Pole Motor (WPM) is a new development in the area of electrical machines that have been designed for relatively high powers from a low-voltage, single-phase supply. A 20-hp WPM has been tested in the laboratory to confirm the manufacturer's performance claims.
Pole-Zero Placement Technique Based Hydro Turbine Speed Governor Design
According to different structure of hydraulic systems combined with hydro-turbine for hydropower plant, the 5order nonlinear control model of hydro turbine speed governor system for hydraulic system which composed of reservoir-tunnel-surge-penstock-generator ... Keywords: Hydro turbine speed governor system, pole-zero placement, Nonlinear control, PID
Fan-Nie Kong; Xiao-Cong Li
Application of ring lasers to determine the directions to the poles of Earth's rotation
Application of a ring laser to determine the directions to the poles of Earth's rotation is considered. The maximum accuracy of determining the directions is calculated, physical and technical mechanisms that limit the accuracy are analysed, and the instrumental errors are estimated by the example of ring He - Ne lasers with Zeeman biasing. (laser applications and other topics in quantum electronics)
Golyaev, Yu D; Kolbas, Yu Yu [Open Joint-Stock Company 'M.F. Stel'makh Polyus Research and Development Institute', Moscow (Russian Federation)
Creosote-treated wood poles and crossarms: Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) results
The objective of this study was to develop a quantitative database on leachable concentrations of cresols (i.e., m-, o- and p-cresol isomers) from a population of creosote-treated utility wood poles and crossarms by application of the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The TCLP was promulgated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in March 1990 (55FR 11798). Data generated in this study indicate that creosote-treated utility poles and crossarms are non-hazardous. Measured concentrations of total cresols and other semi-volatile organic compounds, from wood subjected to TCLP analysis, were an order of magnitude or more below their current Toxicity Characteristic (TC) regulatory levels. The wood analyzed in this study consisted of 54 samples of wood poles and 6 crossarms. Subsamples, removed from full cross sectional slices of poles and crossarms, were prepared according to EPA procedures, subjected to the TCLP, and the resultant leachates analyzed for the presence of cresols and other semi-volatile compounds.
Horn, M.E. (Environmental Management Services, Waupaca, WI (United States)); Holcombe, L.; Owens, J.B. (Radian Corp., Austin, TX (United States))
Microphysical and Optical Properties of Atmospheric Ice Crystals at South Pole Station
In early February 2001 (during the austral summer), over 900 000 digital images of ice crystals were recorded at the South Pole using two ground-based cloud particle imagers (CPIs). Of these, 721 572 crystals >50 ?m were classified into crystal ...
R. Paul Lawson; Brad A. Baker; Patrick Zmarzly; Darren O'Connor; Qixu Mo; Jean-Francois Gayet; Valery Shcherbakov
This report describes the development of a dissolution flowsheet for neptunium (Np) oxide (NpO{sub 2}) residues (i.e., various NpO{sub 2} sources, HB-Line glovebox sweepings, and Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) thermogravimetric analysis samples). Samples of each type of materials proposed for processing were dissolved in a closed laboratory apparatus and the rate and total quantity of off-gas were measured. Samples of the off-gas were also analyzed. The quantity and type of solids remaining (when visible) were determined after post-dissolution filtration of the solution. Recommended conditions for dissolution of the NpO{sub 2} residues are: Solution Matrix and Loading: {approx}50 g Np/L (750 g Np in 15 L of dissolver solution), using 8 M nitric acid (HNO{sub 3}), 0.025 M potassium fluoride (KF) at greater than 100 C for at least 3 hours. Off-gas: Analysis of the off-gas indicated nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO{sub 2}) and nitrous oxide (N{sub 2}O) as the only identified components. No hydrogen (H{sub 2}) was detected. The molar ratio of off-gas produced per mole of Np dissolved ranged from 0.25 to 0.4 moles of gas per mole of Np dissolved. A peak off-gas rate of {approx}0.1 scfm/kg bulk oxide was observed. Residual Solids: Pure NpO{sub 2} dissolved with little or no residue with the proposed flowsheet but the NpCo and both sweepings samples left visible solid residue after dissolution. For the NpCo and Part II Sweepings samples the residue amounted to {approx}1% of the initial material, but for the Part I Sweepings sample, the residue amounted to {approx}8 % of the initial material. These residues contained primarily aluminum (Al) and silicon (Si) compounds that did not completely dissolve under the flowsheet conditions. The residues from both sweepings samples contained minor amounts of plutonium (Pu) particles. Overall, the undissolved Np and Pu particles in the residues were a very small fraction of the total solids.
Kyser, E
Improving the neutrino mass hierarchy identification with inelasticity measurement in PINGU and ORCA
Multi-megaton scale under ice and underwater detectors of atmospheric neutrinos with few GeV's energy threshold (PINGU, ORCA) open up new possibilities in the determination of neutrino properties, and in particular the neutrino mass hierarchy. With a dense array of optical modules it will be possible to determine the inelasticity, $y$, of the charged current $\
Mathieu Ribordy; Alexei Yu Smirnov
Effect of inelastic scattering on underwater daylight in the ocean: model evaluation,
optical processes affecting underwater daylight are mathematically described by the radiativeEffect of inelastic scattering on underwater daylight in the ocean: model evaluation, validation capable of simulating underwater daylight in the ocean is presented. The main focus is on gelbstoff
Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Universität
Chemistry of combined residual chlorination
The decay of the combined chlorine residual was investigated in this work. Recent concerns about the formation of undesirable compounds such as chloroform with free residual chlorination have focused attention on the alternative use of combined residual chlorination. This work investigates the applicability of reactions proposed to describe the transformations and decay of the combined residual with time. Sodium hypochlorite was added to buffered solutions of ammonia with the chlorine residual being monitored over periods extending up to 10 days. The reaction was studied at four initial concentrations of hypochlorite of 100, 50, 25 and 10 mg/L as Cl/sub 2/ with molar application ratios of chlorine to ammonia, defined herein as M ratios, of 0.90, 0.50, 0.25 and 0.05 at each hypochlorite dose. Sixty-eight experiments were conducted at the pH of 6.6 and 7.2. The conclusions are: (1) in the absence of free chlorine, the concentration of NH/sub 3/ does not seem to affect the rate of disappearance of the residual other than through the formation of NHCl/sub 2/ by NH/sub 2/Cl hydrolysis; (2) the reaction between NHCl/sub 2/ and NH/sub 4//sup +/ to form NH/sub 2/Cl is either much slower than reported by Gray et. al. or the mechanism is different with a rate limiting step not involving NH/sub 3/ or NH/sub 4//sup +/; (3) a redox reaction in addition to the first-order decomposition of NHCl/sub 2/ appears necessary. Model simulation results indicated that a reaction of the type NH/sub 2/Cl + NHCl/sub 2/ ..-->.. P added to the first-order NHCl/sub 2/ decomposition can explain the results observed except at the higher chlorine doses.
Leao, S.F.; Selleck, R.E.
Microsoft Word - CX Mid Way - Grand View Wood Pole Replacement-KEP.doc
27, 2010 27, 2010 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Terry Kugler Lineman Foreman III - TFWF/Schultz Proposed Action: Replacing 11 wood pole structures on the Midway - Grandview transmission line and 12 wood pole structures on the Grandview - Red Mountain transmission line. PP&A Project No.: 1522 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): * B1.3 Routine maintenance activities for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures (such as roads), are required to maintain infrastructures in a condition suitable for a facility to be used for its designed purpose. Routine maintenance may result in replacement to the extent that replacement is in kind and is not a substantial upgrade or improvement. In kind
Microsoft Word - CX-FY11PascoDistrictWoodPoleReplacement_WEB.doc
1, 2011 1, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-PASCO SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Toby Cossairt Lineman Foreman III - TFPF-PASCO Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access road maintenance along various transmission line rights-of-way (ROW) in the Pasco District. The following lines will have pole change-outs in 2011: Benton-Scooteney #1, Benton-Othello #1, Franklin-Hedges #1, Franklin-Walla Walla #1, Grandview-Red Mountain #1, Franklin-Badger Canyon #2, Kennewick Tap to Franklin- Badger Canyon #2, McNary-Franklin #2, and White Bluffs-Richland #1. Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures such as roads,
Microsoft Word - CX-ChemawaDistrictWoodPoles2013_FY13.doc
3 3 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Chad Hamel Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: 2013 Chemawa District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2736 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Various transmission lines located in Douglas, Linn and Lane counties, Oregon. Refer to Project Location Attachment for transmission lines and corresponding structure locations. Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace deteriorating wood poles and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors, etc.) along the
Microsoft Word - CX-FY11WenatcheeDistrictWoodPoleReplacement_WEB.doc
4, 2011 4, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-PASCO SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Terry Kugler Lineman Foreman III - TFWF-SCHULTZ Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access road maintenance along various transmission line rights-of-way (ROW) in the Wenatchee District. The following lines will have pole change-outs in 2011: Chandler Tap, Grandview-Red Mt. #1 and Midway-Moxee #1. Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective....are required to maintain... infrastructures...in a condition suitable for a facility to be used for its designed purpose.
Microsoft Word - CX_Maupin-TyghValley_PoleReplacement_FY12_WEB.doc
, 2012 , 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Supervisory Civil Engineer - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Maupin-Tygh Valley #1 Pole Replacement Project Budget Information: Work Order #00297894 PP&A Project No.: 2196 Categorical Exclusions Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3, Routine maintenance Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Location: Project activities would take place in Wasco County, Oregon, T04S R14E S20 Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace one aged and unsound wood pole structure (structure 3/2) on the BPA Maupin-Tygh Valley #1 transmission line. The new structure would be placed in the same location and have the same appearance as the old
Microsoft Word - CX-PilotButte-LaPine-WoodPoles-FY13_WEB.doc
3, 2013 3, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements on Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Pilot Butte-La Pine No. 1 transmission line PP&A Project No.: 2484 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine Maintenance Location: Deschutes County, Oregon, at the following structures: Mile Structure 3 1 3 2 7 3 7 5 9 2 11 3 13 5 13 8 14 1 15 1 16 3 16 5 21 7 21 9 22 2 22 4 22 5 23 5 27 2 Proposed by: BPA Description of the Proposed Action: BPA is proposing to replace 19 deteriorating wood pole structures along its Pilot Butte-La Pine No. 1, 230-kilovolt transmission line located in Deschutes County, Oregon. The 19 structures
Microsoft Word - CX-Redmond-PilotButte-WoodPoleFY12_WEB.doc
3, 2012 3, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Redmond-Pilot Butte No. 1 Wood Pole Replacement Project PP&A Project No.: 2189 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B4.6 Additions and modifications to transmission facilities Location: Redmond-Pilot Butte No. 1 transmission line in Deschutes County, Oregon at structures 4/7 and 11/6. Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA is proposing to replace two deteriorating wood pole structures along its Redmond-Pilot Butte No. 1 230-kV transmission line located in Deschutes County, Oregon. The two structures
Microsoft Word - CX-TheDalles-DiscoveryWoodPolesFY12_WEB.doc
3, 2012 3, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Wood Pole Replacement on The Dalles-Discovery #1 transmission line PP&A Project No.: 2323 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Project activities would take place in Wasco County, Oregon Line Corridor Structures TRS County, State The Dalles-Discovery #1 2/4, 2/5, 2/6, 2/9, 2/10 2N, 13E, Section 28 Wasco, Oregon Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace deteriorating wood poles and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors, etc.) along the
South Pole Telescope helps Argonne scientists study earliest ages of the
Related Content Related Content Employee Spotlight: Clarence Chang South Pole Telescope helps Argonne scientists study earliest ages of the universe By Louise Lerner * October 28, 2013 Tweet EmailPrint For physicist Clarence Chang at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory, looking backward in time to the earliest ages of the universe is all in a day's work. Chang helped design and operate part of the South Pole Telescope, a project that aims a giant telescope at the night sky to track tiny bits of radiation that are still traveling across the universe from the period just after it was born. "Basically, what we're looking at is the afterglow light of the Big Bang," Chang said. In the wake of the Big Bang, all the matter in the universe was just hot,
Microsoft Word - CX-FY10_Ross-VanShip_Wood_Pole_Replacement_WEB.doc
Clearance Memorandum Clearance Memorandum Troy Dalrymple Lineman Foreman I - TFVK-LMT Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement of Ross-Vancouver Shipyard No. 1, Structure 2/3 in Fog Chamber Dump Area #2 PP&A Project No: 1721 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective....are required to maintain...infrastructures...in a condition suitable for a facility to be used for its designed purpose. Location: Ross Complex, Vancouver, WA. Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace deteriorating wood poles and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors) on
Microsoft Word - CX-RossDistrictWoodPolesFY13_WEB.doc
9, 2013 9, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Stacie Hensley Realty Specialist - TEP-TPP-4 Proposed Action: 2013 Ross District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2737 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Various transmission lines located in Clark and Cowlitz counties, Washington, and , Columbia, Clatsop, and Washington counties, Oregon. Refer to Project Location Attachment for transmission lines and corresponding structure locations. Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace deteriorating wood poles and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors, etc.) along the
Microsoft Word - CX-WenatcheeDistrictPoleReplacementFY13_WEB.docx
2, 2013 2, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR/Pasco SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Joseph Lauer Lineman Foreman III - TFWF-SCHULTZ Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access road maintenance along various transmission line right-of-ways in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Wenatchee District. The following lines will have pole change-outs in 2013: Grandview-Red Mountain #1 and Columbia-Valhalla #2. PP&A Project No.: 2604 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities. Location: Various transmission lines located within the Wenatchee District. See Project Location Attachment for structure locations and corresponding transmission lines.
Bound, virtual, and resonance S-matrix poles from the Schroedinger equation
A general method, which we call the potential S-matrix pole method, is developed for obtaining the S-matrix pole parameters for bound, virtual, and resonant states based on numerical solutions of the Schroedinger equation. This method is well known for bound states. In this work we generalize it for resonant and virtual states, although the corresponding solutions increase exponentially when r->infinity. Concrete calculations are performed for the 1{sup +} ground state of {sup 14}N, the resonance {sup 15}F states (1/2{sup +}, 5/2{sup +}), low-lying states of {sup 11}Be and {sup 11}N, and the subthreshold resonance in the proton-proton system. We also demonstrate that in the case of broad resonances, their energy and width can be found from the fitting the experimental phase shifts using the analytical expression for the elastic-scattering S matrix. We compare the S-matrix pole and the R matrix methods for broad resonances in the {sup 14}O-p and in {sup 26}Mg-n systems.
Mukhamedzhanov, A. M.; Goldberg, V. Z. [Cyclotron Institute, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (United States); Irgaziev, B. F.; Qazi, I. [GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi (Pakistan); Orlov, Yu. V. [Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow (Russian Federation)
Double spin asymmetry AL?T? in charged pion production from deep inelastic scattering on a transversely polarized łHe target
In this thesis I discuss the first measurement of the beam-target double-spin asymmetry ALT for charged pion electroproduction in deep inelastic electron scattering on a transversely polarized 3He target. These data were ...
Huang, Jin, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Whitney Poling
... Mechanical Metallurgy, Failure of metals and characterization of fracture surfaces, Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Electron Microscopy ...
Mechanism of elastic and inelastic proton scattering on a {sup 15}C nucleus in diffraction theory
The amplitudes for elastic and inelastic proton scattering on the neutron-rich nucleus {sup 15}C (to its J{sup {pi}} = 5/2{sup +} level in the latter case) in inverse kinematics were calculated within Glauber diffraction theory. First- and second-order terms were taken into account in the multiple-scattering operator. The {sup 15}C wave function in the multiparticle shell model was used. This made it possible to calculate not only respective differential cross sections but also the contribution of proton scattering on nucleons occurring in different shells. The differential cross sections for elastic and inelastic scattering were calculated at the energies of 0.2, 0.6, and 1 GeV per nucleon.
Ibraeva, E. T., E-mail: email@example.com [National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Institute of Nuclear Physics (Kazakhstan); Zhusupov, M. A. [Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Kazakhstan); Imambekov, O. [National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Institute of Nuclear Physics (Kazakhstan)
IBIS: An inverse geometry Brillouin inelastic neutron spectrometer for the SNS
The high power target station at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) currently has about 20 completed neutron scattering instruments. With a broad coverage of the momentum transfer (Q)-energy (E) space, these instruments serve an extensive user community. In an effort to further expand the scientific capabilities of the SNS instrument suites, we propose a low background, inverse geometry Brillouin inelastic spectrometer for the SNS which will expand the Q-E coverage of the current instrument suite and facilitate the study of inelastic and quasi-elastic scatterings at low Q values. The possible location for the proposed instrument is either beamline 8 which views the decoupled water moderator, or beamline 14A, which views a cold, coupled super critical hydrogen moderator. The instrument parameters, optimizations, and performances at these two beamline locations are discussed.
Zhao, Jinkui [ORNL; Wildgruber, Christoph U [ORNL; Robertson, Lee [ORNL; Herwig, Kenneth W [ORNL
Measurements of transverse momentum in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering at CLAS
With mounting experimental evidence that only a small fraction of the proton's spin comes from the spins of its quarks and gluons, the quest for orbital angular momentum has begun. The parton distributions relevant to this depend on transverse quark momenta. Recent CLAS semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering measurements probe these new transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions using longitudinally polarized beams and targets and detecting {pi}{sup +},{pi}{sup -} and {pi}{sup 0} in the final state.
K.A. Griffioen
Nuclear Effects in Deep Inelastic Scattering of Charged-Current Neutrino off Nuclear
Nuclear effect in the neutrino-nucleus charged-Current inelastic scattering process is studied by analyzing the CCFR and NuTeV data. Structure functions $F_2(x,Q^2)$ and $xF_3(x,Q^2)$ as well as differential cross sections are calculated by using CTEQ parton distribution functions and EKRS and HKN nuclear parton distribution functions, and compared with the CCFR and NuTeV data. It is found that the corrections of nuclear effect to the differential cross section for the charged-current anti-neutrino scattering on nucleus are negligible, the EMC effect exists in the neutrino structure function $F_2(x,Q^2)$ in the large $x$ region, the shadowing and anti-shadowing effect occurs in the distribution functions of valence quarks in the small and medium $x$ region,respectively. It is also found that shadowing effects on $F_2(x,Q^2)$ in the small $x$ region in the neutrino-nucleus and the charged-lepton-nucleus deep inelastic scattering processes are different. It is clear that the neutrino-nucleus deep inelastic scattering data should further be employed in restricting nuclear parton distributions.
Duan ChunGui; Li GuangLie; Shen PengNian
DOE/EA-1636: Albany-Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project Mitigation Action Plan (March 2009)
Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project DOE/EA-1636 Summary This Mitigation Action Plan (MAP) is part of the Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) for the Albany-Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project. The project involves replacing wood pole structures on about 26 miles of the Albany-Burnt Woods single-circuit, 115- kilovolt (kV) transmission line and about 21 miles of the Santiam-Toledo single circuit, 230-kV transmission line in Linn, Benton and Lincoln counties, Oregon. This MAP is for the Proposed Action and includes all of the integral elements and commitments made in the Environmental Assessment (EA) to mitigate any potential adverse environmental impacts. The purpose of this MAP is to explain how the mitigation measures will be
Elimination of PZT thin film breakage caused by electric current arcing and intrinsic differential strains during poling
Historically, substrate breakage during the poling process has been responsible for a 2% yield loss for a contract manufacturer specializing in volume production of lead zirconate titatate (PZT) thin film devices. In this ...
AlSaeed, Abdulelah (Abdulelah Ibrahim)
Utilizing the connected power electronic converter for improved condition monitoring of induction motors and claw-pole generators.
??This dissertation proposes several simple, robust, and non-intrusive condition monitoring methods for induction motors fed by closed-loop inverters and claw-pole generators with built-in rectifiers. While… (more)
Cheng, Siwei
A Comparison of Meteorological Observations from South Pole Station before and after Installation of a New Instrument Suite
The Amundsen–Scott South Pole surface meteorological instrument suite was upgraded in 2004. To ensure that the new and old instruments were recording similar information, the two suites of instruments ran simultaneously for a year. Statistical ...
L. M. Keller; K. A. Baker; M. A. Lazzara; J. Gallagher
Vitrification of NAC process residue
Vitrification tests have been performed with simulated waste compositions formulated to represent the residue which would be obtained from the treatment of low-level, nitrate wastes from Hanford and Oak Ridge by the nitrate to ammonia and ceramic (NAC) process. The tests were designed to demonstrate the feasibility of vitrifying NAC residue and to quantify the impact of the NAC process on the volume of vitrified waste. The residue from NAC treatment of low-level nitrate wastes consists primarily of oxides of aluminum and sodium. High alumina glasses were formulated to maximize the waste loading of the NAC product. Transparent glasses with up to 35 wt% alumina, and even higher contents in opaque glasses, were obtained at melting temperatures of 1200{degrees}C to 1400{degrees}C. A modified TCLP leach test showed the high alumina glasses to have good chemical durability, leaching significantly less than either the ARM-1 or the DWPF-EA high-level waste reference glasses. A significant increase in the final waste volume would be a major result of the NAC process on LLW vitrification. For Hanford wastes, NAC-treatment of nitrate wastes followed by vitrification of the residue will increase the final volume of vitrified waste by 50% to 90%; for Melton Valley waste from Oak Ridge, the increase in final glass volume will be 260% to 280%. The increase in volume is relative to direct vitrification of the waste in a 20 wt% Na{sub 2}O glass formulation. The increase in waste volume directly affects not only disposal costs, but also operating and/or capital costs. Larger plant size, longer operating time, and additional energy and additive costs are direct results of increases in waste volume. Such increases may be balanced by beneficial impacts on the vitrification process; however, those effects are outside the scope of this report.
Merrill, R.A.; Whittington, K.F.; Peters, R.D.
Discrete-Time Poles and Dynamics of Discontinuous Mode Boost and Buck Converters Under Various Control Schemes
Nonlinear systems, such as switching DC-DC boost or buck converters, have rich dynamics. A simple one-dimensional discrete-time model is used to analyze the boost or buck converter in discontinuous conduction mode. Seven different control schemes (open-loop power stage, voltage mode control, current mode control, constant power load, constant current load, constant-on-time control, and boundary conduction mode) are analyzed systematically. The linearized dynamics is obtained simply by taking partial derivatives with respect to dynamic variables. In the discrete-time model, there is only a single pole and no zero. The single closed-loop pole is a linear combination of three terms: the open-loop pole, a term due to the control scheme, and a term due to the non-resistive load. Even with a single pole, the phase response of the discrete-time model can go beyond -90 degrees as in the two-pole average models. In the boost converter with a resistive load under current mode control, adding the compensating ramp has no effect on the pole location. Increasing the ramp slope decreases the DC gain of control-to-output transfer function and increases the audio-susceptibility. Similar analysis is applied to the buck converter with a non-resistive load or variable switching frequency. The derived dynamics agrees closely with the exact switching model and the past research results.
Chung-Chieh Fang
Transforms for prediction residuals in video coding
Typically the same transform, the 2-D Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), is used to compress both image intensities in image coding and prediction residuals in video coding. Major prediction residuals include the motion ...
Kam??l?, Fatih
Transmission of a quantum state in a periodically poled nonlinear crystal
Theoretical calculations on transmission of quantum states such as Schr\\"{o}dinger cat (SC) states are considered in a periodically poled nonlinear crystal (PPNC). Combinations of various initial states (SC, coherent (C),and vacuum (V)) of light waves at frequencies $\\omega_{e}$ and $3\\omega_{e}$ at the input of a PPNC are studied. It is shown that the transmission and interference between superposition of macroscopically distinguishable states can be achieved by using a PPNC. Visualization and analyzes of transmission and interference processes are demonstrated with the help of reduced Wigner quasi-probability distribution functions of considered light waves.
Ranjit Singh
Improved power transfer during single pole switching: A symmetrical sequence filtering approach
An innovative compensation scheme which allows three-phase AC transmission lines to be operated with one phase open, on a permanent basis, has been developed. Generally, the detrimental effects associated with the high levels of negative and zero sequence currents, generated during the single pole opening condition (SPO), preclude permanent operation of a line in only two phases. This new compensation strategy, also referred to as selective sequence filtering, confines the undesired sequence components of the current, produced during an SPO condition, to flow in a restricted region of the system.
Ciniglio, O.A. (Idaho Power Co., Boise (United States)); Carroll, D.P. (Univ. of Florida, Gainesville (United States))
Image Gallery from the AMANDA Experiment, the Predecessor of IceCube at the South Pole
DOE Data Explorer (OSTI)
IceCube is a neutrino observatory for astrophysics, with parts buried below the surface of the ice at the South Pole and an air-shower detector array exposed above. Its predecessor detector and experiment, AMANDA, pioneered neutrino detection in ice. This image gallery is maintained at the University of Wisconsin. Also provided are links to related galleries concerning construction of optical modules, ice coring and drilling, and the U.S. Antarctic Program Photo Library. See also the library of videos, computer animations, and audio files
Abbasi, R. et al
U.S. Residual Fuel Oil Refiner Sales Volumes
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
Residual Fuel Oil Residual F.O., Sulfur < 1% Residual F.O., Sulfur > 1% No. 4 Fuel Oil Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes...
The DOE Complex is packaging plutonium-bearing materials for storage and eventual disposition or disposal. The materials are handled according to the DOE-STD-3013 which outlines general requirements for stabilization, packaging and long-term storage. The storage vessels for the plutonium-bearing materials are termed 3013 containers. Stress corrosion cracking has been identified as a potential container degradation mode and this work determined that the residual stresses in the containers are sufficient to support such cracking. Sections of the 3013 outer, inner, and convenience containers, in both the as-fabricated condition and the closure welded condition, were evaluated per ASTM standard G-36. The standard requires exposure to a boiling magnesium chloride solution, which is an aggressive testing solution. Tests in a less aggressive 40% calcium chloride solution were also conducted. These tests were used to reveal the relative stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of the as fabricated 3013 containers. Significant cracking was observed in all containers in areas near welds and transitions in the container diameter. Stress corrosion cracks developed in both the lid and the body of gas tungsten arc welded and laser closure welded containers. The development of stress corrosion cracks in the as-fabricated and in the closure welded container samples demonstrates that the residual stresses in the 3013 containers are sufficient to support stress corrosion cracking if the environmental conditions inside the containers do not preclude the cracking process.
Mickalonis, J.; Dunn, K.
Microsoft Word - CX-LaPine-ChiloquinWoodPoleFY12_WEB.doc
2 2 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: La Pine-Chiloquin No. 1 Wood Pole Replacement Project PP&A Project No.: 2236 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B4.6, Additions and modifications to transmission facilities Location: La Pine-Chiloquin No. 1 230-kV transmission line in Klamath County, Oregon, at the following structure locations: 11/5, 16/1, 16/4, 17/3, 17/8, 18/2, 18/3, 20/4, 22/2, 22/5, 28/1, 42/3, 43/6, 44/4, and 45/1. Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA is proposing to replace 15 deteriorating wood pole structures along its La Pine-Chiloquin 230-kV transmission line located in Klamath County,
Polarimeter Receiver Prototyping and Testing for the South Pole Telescope Upgrade
Experimental evidence has so far been supportive for the inflationary Big Bang model of cosmology, while imposing other mysteries, such as the fact that dark matter and dark energy actually consist of 95 % of the observable universe. The forthcoming upgrade of the South Pole Telescope, planned for 2010, will include a polarimeter with increased sensitivity. Measurements of the CMB polarization anisotropy to a high accuracy will describe the angular power spectrum of the B-mode polarization, which will help unravel some of the mysteries. We prototype and test a digital frequency multiplexed readout system for the SPT upgrade. The digital system has the advantage of being able to reconstruct the phase of the signals. We characterize the performance of the readout and we compare it to the theoretical expectations. The noise is found to be statistically insignificant (insert quantitative proof), and the system performs as expected, significantly better than the previous implementation. We conclude that the digital fMux readout system should be sent to the South Pole Telescope. 1
Constantinos Melachrinos
Polarized deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) structure functions for nucleons and nuclei
We extract parton distribution functions (PDFs) and structure functions from recent experimental data of polarized lepton-deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) on nucleons at next-to-leading order (NLO) quantum chromodynamics. We apply the Jacobi polynomial method to the Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP) evolution as this is numerically efficient. Having determined the polarized proton and neutron spin structure, we extend this analysis to describe {sup 3}He and {sup 3}H polarized structure functions, as well as various sum rules. We compare our results with other analyses from the literature.
Khorramian, Ali N.; Taheri Monfared, S. [Physics Department, Semnan University, Semnan (Iran, Islamic Republic of); School of Particles and Accelerators, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Atashbar Tehrani, S. [School of Particles and Accelerators, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), P.O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Arbabifar, F. [Physics Department, Semnan University, Semnan (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Olness, F. I. [Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0175 (United States)
PDF Nuclear Corrections for Charged Lepton and Neutrino Deep Inelastic Scattering Processes
We perform a \\chi^2-analysis of Nuclear Parton Distribution Functions (NPDFs) using neutral current charged-lepton Deeply Inelastic Scattering (DIS) and Drell-Yan data for several nuclear targets. The nuclear A dependence of the NPDFs is extracted in a next-to-leading order fit. We compare the nuclear corrections factors F2(Fe)/F2(D) for this charged-lepton data with other results from the literature. In particular, we compare and contrast fits based upon the charged-lepton DIS data with those using neutrino-nucleon DIS data.
I. Schienbein; J. Y. Yu; K. Kovarik; C. Keppel; J. G. Morfin; F. Olness; J. F. Owens
Nonlinear effects in the inclusive inelastic proton-air cross section
In this work we propose a simple model for the total proton-air cross section, which is an improvement of the eikonalized minijet model, with the inclusion of the effects of the first nonlinear corrections to the DGLAP equations. The gluon saturation limits are determined in the DGLAP+GLRMQ approach for the free proton and the inclusive inelastic proton-air cross section is described within the Glauber and multiple scattering approximations. The results are compared with experimental cross sections including recent data obtained by cosmic ray experiments.
Giannini, A. V. [Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, C.P. 66318, 05315-97, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Duraes, F. O. [Dep. de Fisica, Centro de Ciencias e Humanidades, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, C.P. 01302-907, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)
Savannah River Tank Waste Residuals
Savannah Savannah River Savannah River Tank Waste Residuals HLW Corporate Board November 6, 2008 1 November 6, 2008 Presentation By Sherri R. Ross Department of Energy Savannah River Operations Office The Issue * How clean is clean? * Ultimate Challenge - Justify highly radioactive radionuclides have been removed to the maximum extent practical? 2 removed to the maximum extent practical? - Building compelling regulatory documentation that will withstand intense scrutiny §3116 Requirements 1. Does not require disposal in deep geological repository 2. Highly radioactive radionuclides removed to the maximum extent practical 3. Meet the performance objectives in 10 CFR Part 3 3. Meet the performance objectives in 10 CFR Part 61, Subpart C 4. Waste disposed pursuant to a State-approved closure plan or permit Note: If it is anticipated that Class C disposal limits will be exceeded, additional
Microsoft Word - CX-ChemawaWoodPolesCT-KFG12-KOCFGT-FY12_WEB.doc
2012 Chemawa District Wood Pole Replacement Projects 2012 Chemawa District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2325 (Carlton-Tillamook #1, Keeler-Forest Grove #2, Keeler-Oregon City #2, Keeler-Forest Grove #1, Forest Grove-Tillamook #1) Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Various transmission lines located in Washington, Yamhill, and Tillamook counties, Oregon. Refer to Project Location Attachment for transmission lines and corresponding structure locations. Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace deteriorating wood poles and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors, etc.) along the subject transmission lines. Replacement will be in-kind and will utilize the existing holes to
Microsoft Word - CX-Alvey-FairviewAlvey-MartinCreek-DrainWoodPolesFY12_WEB.doc
Wood pole replacements on the Alvey-Fairview No. 1 230-kV, Alvey- Wood pole replacements on the Alvey-Fairview No. 1 230-kV, Alvey- Martin Creek 115-kV, and Martin Creek-Drain #1 115-kV transmission line rights-of-way (ROW) PP&A Project No.: 2308 (WO# 297303), 2310 (WO# 297305), 2319 (WO# 297996) Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Alvey and Douglas counties, Oregon Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace 18 deteriorating wood poles and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors, etc.) as well as cross arms on three other structures along the subject transmission lines. Replacement will be in-kind and will utilize the existing holes to minimize ground disturbance. If necessary, an auger
Microsoft Word - CX-AlveyWoodPolesA-LE-AE-LH-AC-TBRT-FY12_WEB.doc
2012 Alvey District Wood Pole Replacement Projects 2012 Alvey District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2307 (Albany-Lebanon #1), 2309 (Blue River Tap), 2311 (Cougar- Thurston #1), 2312 (Eugene-Alvey #2), 2313 (Eugene-Lane #1), 2314 (Hawkins-Alvey #1) Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Various transmission lines located in Linn and Lane counties, Oregon. Refer to Project Location Attachment for transmission lines and corresponding structure locations. Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA proposes to replace deteriorating wood poles and associated structural/electrical components (e.g. cross arms, insulators, guy anchors, etc.) along the subject transmission lines. Replacement will be in-kind and will utilize the existing holes to
Mechanical design and analysis of an eight-pole superconducting vector magnet for soft x-ray magnetic dichroism measurements
An eight-pole superconducting magnet is being developed for soft x-ray magnetic dichroism (XMD) experiments at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory (LBNL). Eight conical Nb{sub 3}Sn coils with Holmium poles are arranged in octahedral symmetry to form four dipole pairs that provide magnetic fields of up to 5 T in any direction relative to the incoming x-ray beam. The dimensions of the magnet yoke as well as pole taper, diameter, and length were optimized for maximum peak field in the magnet center using the software package TOSCA. The structural analysis of the magnet is performed using ANSYS with the coil properties derived using a numerical homogenization scheme. It is found that the use of orthotropic material properties for the coil has an important influence in the design of the magnet.
Arbelaez, D.; Black, A.; Prestemon, S.O.; Wang, S.; Chen, J.; Arenholz, E.
Residual stresses in IN 718 Turbine Disks
the thermally induced residual stresses in plate-like components during cooling. The plate is. 527 ... cooled down symmetrically with respect to its middle plane.
Methods of separating particulate residue streams
A particulate residue separator and a method for separating a particulate residue stream may include an air plenum borne by a harvesting device, and have a first, intake end and a second, exhaust end; first and second particulate residue air streams that are formed by the harvesting device and that travel, at least in part, along the air plenum and in a direction of the second, exhaust end; and a baffle assembly that is located in partially occluding relation relative to the air plenum and that substantially separates the first and second particulate residue air streams.
Hoskinson, Reed L. (Rigby, ID); Kenney, Kevin L. (Idaho Falls, ID); Wright, Christopher T. (Idaho Falls, ID); Hess, J. Richard (Idaho Falls, ID)
,,,"Residual Fuel Oil(b)",,,," Alternative...
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
5 Relative Standard Errors for Table 10.5;" " Unit: Percents." ,,,"Residual Fuel Oil(b)",,,," Alternative Energy Sources(c)" ,,,"Coal Coke" "NAICS"," ","Total","...
Energy production rates in fluid mixtures of inelastic rough hard spheres
The aim of this work is to explore the combined effect of polydispersity and roughness on the partial energy production rates and on the total cooling rate of a granular fluid mixture. We consider a mixture of inelastic rough hard spheres of different number densities, masses, diameters, moments of inertia, and mutual coefficients of normal and tangential restitution. Starting from the first equation of the BBGKY hierarchy, the collisional energy production rates associated with the translational and rotational temperatures ($T_i^\\text{tr}$ and $T_i^\\text{rot}$) are expressed in terms of two-body average values. Next, those average values are estimated by assuming a velocity distribution function based on maximum-entropy arguments, allowing us to express the energy production rates and the total cooling rate in terms of the partial temperatures and the parameters of the mixture. Finally, the results are applied to the homogeneous cooling state of a binary mixture and the influence of inelasticity and roughness on the temperature ratios $T_1^\\text{tr}/T_1^\\text{rot}$, $T_2^\\text{tr}/T_1^\\text{tr}$, and $T_2^\\text{rot}/T_1^\\text{rot}$ is analyzed.
Andrés Santos; Gilberto M. Kremer; Vicente Garzó
Final-state interactions in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off the Deuteron
Semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off the Deuteron with production of a slow nucleon in recoil kinematics is studied in the virtual nucleon approximation, in which the final state interaction (FSI) is calculated within general eikonal approximation. The cross section is derived in a factorized approach, with a factor describing the virtual photon interaction with the off-shell nucleon and a distorted spectral function accounting for the final-state interactions. One of the main goals of the study is to understand how much the general features of the diffractive high energy soft rescattering accounts for the observed features of FSI in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). Comparison with the Jefferson Lab data shows good agreement in the covered range of kinematics. Most importantly, our calculation correctly reproduces the rise of the FSI in the forward direction of the slow nucleon production angle. By fitting our calculation to the data we extracted the W and Q{sup 2} dependences of the total cross section and slope factor of the interaction of DIS products, X, off the spectator nucleon. This analysis shows the XN scattering cross section rising with W and decreasing with an increase of Q{sup 2}. Finally, our analysis points at a largely suppressed off-shell part of the rescattering amplitude.
Wim Cosyn, Misak Sargsian
Multiplicities of charged pions and kaons from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering by the proton and the deuteron
Multiplicities in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering are presented for each charge state of \\pi^\\pm and K^\\pm mesons. The data were collected by the HERMES experiment at the HERA storage ring using 27.6 GeV electron and positron beams incident on a hydrogen or deuterium gas target. The results are presented as a function of the kinematic quantities x_B, Q^2, z, and P_h\\perp. They represent a unique data set for identified hadrons that will significantly enhance our understanding of the fragmentation of quarks into final-state hadrons in deep-inelastic scattering.
HERMES Collaboration; A. Airapetian; N. Akopov; Z. Akopov; E. C. Aschenauer; W. Augustyniak; R. Avakian; A. Avetissian; E. Avetisyan; S. Belostotski; H. P. Blok; A. Borissov; J. Bowles; I. Brodski; V. Bryzgalov; J. Burns; M. Capiluppi; G. P. Capitani; E. Cisbani; G. Ciullo; M. Contalbrigo; P. F. Dalpiaz; W. Deconinck; R. De Leo; L. De Nardo; E. De Sanctis; M. Diefenthaler; P. Di Nezza; M. Düren; M. Ehrenfried; G. Elbakian; F. Ellinghaus; R. Fabbri; A. Fantoni; L. Felawka; S. Frullani; D. Gabbert; G. Gapienko; V. Gapienko; F. Garibaldi; G. Gavrilov; V. Gharibyan; F. Giordano; S. Gliske; M. Golembiovskaya; C. Hadjidakis; M. Hartig; D. Hasch; A. Hillenbrand; M. Hoek; Y. Holler; I. Hristova; Y. Imazu; A. Ivanilov; A. Izotov; H. E. Jackson; H. S. Jo; S. Joosten; R. Kaiser; G. Karyan; T. Keri; E. Kinney; A. Kisselev; N. Kobayashi; V. Korotkov; V. Kozlov; P. Kravchenko; V. G. Krivokhijine; L. Lagamba; L. Lapikás; I. Lehmann; P. Lenisa; A. López Ruiz; W. Lorenzon; B. -Q. Ma; D. Mahon; B. Maiheu; N. C. R. Makins; S. I. Manaenkov; L. Manfré; Y. Mao; B. Marianski; A. Martinez de la Ossa; H. Marukyan; C. A. Miller; Y. Miyachi; A. Movsisyan; M. Murray; A. Mussgiller; E. Nappi; Y. Naryshkin; A. Nass; M. Negodaev; W. -D. Nowak; L. L. Pappalardo; R. Perez-Benito; A. Petrosyan; M. Raithel; P. E. Reimer; A. R. Reolon; C. Riedl; K. Rith; G. Rosner; A. Rostomyan; J. Rubin; D. Ryckbosch; Y. Salomatin; F. Sanftl; A. Schäfer; G. Schnell; B. Seitz; T. -A. Shibata; V. Shutov; M. Stancari; M. Statera; E. Steffens; J. J. M. Steijger; J. Stewart; F. Stinzing; S. Taroian; A. Terkulov; R. Truty; A. Trzcinski; M. Tytgat; Y. Van Haarlem; C. Van Hulse; D. Veretennikov; I. Vilardi; C. Vogel; S. Wang; S. Yaschenko; Z. Ye; S. Yen; W. Yu; V. Zagrebelnyy; D. Zeiler; B. Zihlmann; P. Zupranski
DOE/EA-1636: Albany-Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project Preliminary Environmental Assessment (March 2009)
Albany-Burnt Woods and Albany-Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project Preliminary Environmental Assessment DOE/EA-1636 March 2009 B O N N E V I L L E P O W E R A D M I N I S T R A T I O N Albany-Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project Preliminary Environmental Assessment DOE/EA-1636 Bonneville Power Administration March 2009 Bonneville Power Administration i Table of Contents Chapter 1 Need for and Purpose of Action ............................................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduction .....................................................................................................
The use of Ixaru's method in locating the poles of the S-matrix in strictly finite-range potentials
Energies of the S-matrix poles are calculated by solving the radial Schroedinger equation numerically by using Ixaru's CPM(2) method. The trajectories of the poles in the complex wave number plane are determined for two nuclear potentials that are zero beyond finite distances. These are the Woods-Saxon form with cutoff and the Salamon-Vertse potential, which goes to zero smoothly at a finite distance. Properties of the trajectories are analyzed for real and complex values of the depths of the corresponding potentials.
Vertse, Tamas; Lovas, R. G.; Racz, A.; Salamon, P. [University of Debrecen, Faculty of Informatics, Chair of Applied Mathematics and Probability, Debrecen, Hungary and Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen (Hungary); Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen (Hungary); University of Debrecen, Faculty of Informatics, Chair of Applied Mathematics and Probability, Debrecen (Hungary); Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen (Hungary)
Microsoft Word - CX-AlveyDistrict_2011WoodPoles_No1957_WEB.doc
0, 2011 0, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Nick Wenzl John Carter Line Foreman III-TFE-Alvey Line Foreman I-TFE-Alvey Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements and minor access road maintenance along portions of the Eugene-Lane #1, Eugene-Alvey #2, and Hawkins-Alvey #1 transmission line rights-of- way (ROW) PP&A Project No: 1957 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights of way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective....are required to maintain...infrastructures...in a condition suitable for a facility to be used for its designated purpose. Location: The project area is located in Lane County, Oregon, in Bonneville Power
Microsoft Word - CX-Brasada-Harney-WoodPoles_FY13_WEB.doc
2, 2013 2, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Brasada-Harney No. 1 Wood Pole Replacement Project PP&A Project No.: 2187 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Brasada-Harney No. 1 transmission line in Deschutes and Harney counties, Oregon, at the following locations: Mile Structure Landowner Township Range Section 23 8 Private 19 16 22 26 6 BLM 19 17 30 28 1 BLM 19 17 32 29 2 Private 19 17 4 29 5 Private 19 17 4 29 7 BLM 19 17 4 30 8 Private 19 17 10 31 5 BLM 19 17 11 46 5 DSL 21 19 13 49 8 BLM 21 20 21
Microsoft Word - CX-KalispellTLMDistrictFY11WoodPoleReplacement_WEB.doc
Cleareance Memorandum Cleareance Memorandum Michael Stolfus Lineman Foreman III - TFKF-Kalispell Kurt Marsh Lineman Foreman I - TFKF-Kalispell Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access road maintenance along various transmission line rights-of-way in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Kalispell District. PP&A Project No: 1839 (Garrison-Anaconda #1), 1840 (Hot Springs-Rattlesnake #1), 1841 (Rattlesnake-Garrison #1), 1842 (Columbia Falls-Kalispell #1), 1843 (Kalispell-Kerr #1), 1844 (Libby-Bonners Ferry #1), 1845 (Columbia Falls-Trego #1) Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights of way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective....are required to maintain...infrastructures...in a
Microsoft Word - CX-ForestGrove-McMinnvilleWoodPolesFY12_WEB.docx
5, 2012 5, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum James Semrau Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Forest Grove-McMinnville #1 Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2326 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Location: The project is located in Washington and Yamhill counties, Oregon, in BPA's Salem District. Structure locations are as follows: Structure Legal Description County, State 2\5 1S, 3W, Sec. 6 Washington, OR 3\3 1S, 3W, Sec. 7 Washington, OR 3\6, 4\3 1S. 4W, Sec. 12 Washington, OR 4\8, 4\9, 5\3 1S, 4W, Sec. 14 Washington, OR 6\2, 6\5 1S, 4W, Sec. 23 Washington, OR
Microsoft Word - CX-Cardwell-Cowlitz2011WoodPoles_WEB.doc
1 1 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Erich Orth Project Manager - TEP-TPP-3 Proposed Action: Replacement of all aging wood pole transmission line support structures along the Cardwell-Cowlitz No. 1, 115-kilovolt (kV) transmission line Budget Information: Work Order #00279267 PP&A Project No.: 2021 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities... for...rights of way, infrastructures (e.g.. structures)... routine maintenance activities, corrective...are required to maintain and preserve infrastructures...in a condition suitable for the facility to be used for its designated purpose. Location: The project area is located along Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA)
Microsoft Word - CX-PascoDistrictPoleReplacement_FY13_WEB.docx
3 3 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR/Pasco SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Greg Wilfong Lineman Foreman III - TFPF-PASCO Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access road maintenance along the Franklin-Badger Canyon #2 and Walla Walla-Pendleton #1 transmission line rights-of-way in the Pasco District. PP&A Project No.: 2655 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities Location: Franklin-Badger Canyon #2 and Walla Walla-Pendleton #1 transmission lines located within the Pasco District. See table below for structure locations on the corresponding transmission lines: Transmission Line/ROW Structure # Township Range Section County, State Franklin-Badger Canyon
Microsoft Word - CX-NBendFY11WoodPolesWEND-TAHK_TAHK-RDSPT_WEB.doc
1 1 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Andy Crosby Todd Stringer Line Foreman III - TFEP-North Bend Line Foreman I - TFEP-North Bend Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access road maintenance along the Wendson-Tahkenitch #1 and the Tahkenitch-Reedsport #1 transmission line rights-of-way. PP&A Project No: 1960 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective....are required to maintain...infrastructures...in a condition suitable for a facility to be used for its designated purpose. Location: The project area is located in Lane and Coos counties, Oregon, in Bonneville Power
Microsoft Word - CX-Drummond-MacksInn_WoodPoleReplacementFY12_WEB.doc
10, 2012 10, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-CELILO SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Mark Hadley Lineman Foreman III - TFIF-Idaho Falls Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements along the Drummond-Macks Inn, Macks Inn- Madison, and Targhee Tap 115-kV transmission line rights-of-way. PP&A Project Number: 2191 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities... Location: The project area is located in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Idaho Falls District. Project locations are listed below: Project Location Township Range Section(s) County Line Name Structures Use Ownership 4N 45E 11 Teton Targhee Tap 8/8 Agriculture Private 14N 44E 22 Fremont Macks Inn- Madison
Microsoft Word - CX-EllensburgTLMDistrictFY11WoodPoleReplacement_WEB.doc
Clearance Memorandum Clearance Memorandum Terry Kugler Lineman Foreman III - TFWF-Schultz Joe Lauer Line Foreman I - TFWF-Schultz Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access road maintenance along portions of the Columbia-Valhalla #1 and #2 transmission line rights-of-way. PP&A Project No: 1851 (Columbia-Valhalla #1), 1852 (Columbia-Valhalla #2) Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights of way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective....are required to maintain...infrastructures...in a condition suitable for a facility to be used for its designed purpose. Location: The project area is located in Douglas and Chelan counties, Washington. Project
Microsoft Word - CX-CentraliaTap_Chehalis-Covington_TransAlta_WoodPoles_WEB.doc
6, 2011 6, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Chad Caldwell Customer Service Engineer - TPC-Olympia Proposed Action: Replace aging wood poles on Trans Alta's Centralia Tap to Chehalis- Covington No. 1 230-kV transmission line. Budget Information: As per agreement with Trans Alta PP&A Project No.: N/A Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities... for...rights-of-way, infrastructures (e.g.. roads)... routine maintenance activities, corrective...are required to maintain and preserve infrastructures...in a condition suitable for the facility to be used for its designated purpose. Location: The project is located on Trans Alta's Centralia Tap to Chehalis-Covington No. 1
Microsoft Word - CX-FY10_Kalispell_District_Wood_Pole_Replacement_WEB.doc
6, 2010 6, 2010 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-Bell-1 SUBJECT: Environmental Cleareance Memorandum Michael Stolfus Lineman Foreman III - TFKF-Kalispell Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access road maintenance along various transmission line right-of-ways in the Kalispell District PP&A Project No: 1536 (Columbia Falls-Kalispell #1), 1537 (Anaconda-Silver Bow #1), 1538 (Columbia Falls-Trego #1), 1541 (Libby-Bonners Ferry #1), 1542 (Rattlesnake-Garrison #1) Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective....are required to maintain...infrastructures...in a
Microsoft Word - CX-SpokaneDistrictWoodPoleReplacementsFY13_WEB.doc
1, 2013 1, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-Bell-1 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Amanda Williams Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: 2013 Spokane District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2131 (Albeni Falls-Sand Creek No. 1), 2132 (Bronx-Sand Creek No. 1), 2492 (Albeni Falls-Pine Street No. 1), 2133 (Bell-Boundary No. 3), 2134 (Bell-Addy No. 1), 2135 (Bell-Trentwood No. 1), 2136 (Bell-Trentwood No. 2), 2137 (Libby-Bonners Ferry No. 1), 2493 (Boundary-Nelway #1), 2494 (Colville-Boundary #1), 1547 (Four Lakes Tap), 2138 (Green Bluff Tap), 2495 (Sand Creek-Bonners Ferry No. 1 and No. 2), and 1929 (Spirit Tap) Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance
Microsoft Word - CX-BadgerCanyon-RichlandNo1_WoodPoles_FY13.docx
7, 2013 7, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR/Pasco SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Walker Miller Electrical Engineer - TPCF-W RICHLAND Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements on the Badger Canyon-Richland #1 transmission line PP&A Project No.: 2670 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities. Location: City of Richland, Benton County, WA Transmission Line/ROW Structure # Township Range Section County, State Badger Canyon-Richland #1 4/9 and 4/10 9N 28E 26 Benton, WA Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Description of the Proposed Action: BPA, at the expense of the City of Richland, proposes to raise structures 4/9 and 4/10 of the Badger Canyon-Richland #1 115-kilovolt transmission line to
Microsoft Word - CX-Minidoka-Unity_Wood PoleReplacementFY12_WEB.doc
, 2012 , 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-CELILO SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Mark Hadley Lineman Foreman III - TFIF-Idaho Falls Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement along the Minidoka Power House-Unity No. 1 and Unity-Heyburn No. 1, 138-kV transmission line rights-of-way. PP&A Project No.: 2192 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective....are required to maintain... infrastructures...in a condition suitable for a facility to be used for its designated purpose. Location: The project area is located in Cassia County, Idaho, in Bonneville Power
Microsoft Word - CX-PacificCoWAWoodPolesFY12_WEB.doc
6, 2012 6, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR/Olympia SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Ryan Brady Line Foreman III - TFOK-Chehalis Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements as needed on the Naselle-Tarlett No. 1, Holcomb- Naselle No. 1, and Raymond-Willapa River No. 1, 115-kV transmission lines PP&A Project No.: 2367, 2368, and 2369; Work Order #: 298132, 298134, and 298133 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities Location: The subject transmission lines are located in Pacific County, Washington, in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Chehalis Maintenance District. The transmission line right-of-way corridors cross public and privately-owned lands that include industrial
Microsoft Word - CX-Big Eddy-Redmond-WoodPolesFY13_WEB.doc
4, 2013 4, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Big Eddy-Redmond No. 1 Wood Pole Replacement Project PP&A Project No.: 2500 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Big Eddy-Redmond No. 1 transmission line in Deschutes County, Oregon, at the following locations: Mile Structure Township Range Section 35 6 5 14 24 36 6 5 14 25 36 7 5 14 25 36 8 5 14 25 37 6 5 14 36 40 9 6 15 18 43 2 6 15 29 48 4 7 1 21 49 1 7 1 21 50 6 7 15 33 51 8 8 15 5 52 8 8 15 8 53 3 8 15 8 54 2 8 15 17 56 1 8 1 30 58 2 9 14 1
Microsoft Word - CX-Drummond-MacksInn-WoodPoleReplacementFY13_WEB.doc
29, 2012 29, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-CELILO SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Mark Hadley Lineman Foreman III - TFIF-Idaho Falls Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements along the Drummond-Macks Inn, Macks Inn- Madison, and Swan Valley-Teton 115-kilovolt (kV) transmission line rights-of-way. PP&A Project Number: 2486 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities Location: The project area is located in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Idaho Falls District. Project locations are listed below: Project Location Township Range Section(s) County Line Name Structures Use Ownership 3N 44E 28 Teton Swan Valley - Teton 10/6 Forest Forest Service 14S 5E 19 Fremont
Microsoft Word - CX-RedmondWoodPoles_multiSub_WEB.doc
15, 2011 15, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Celilo SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Darrell Aaby Line Foreman III - TFDF-Redmond Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement at selected locations along the La Pine - Chiloquin and Brasada - Harney No. 1 transmission line right-of-ways. PP&A Project No.: 1930 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures such as roads, equipment... routine maintenance activities, corrective...are required to maintain...infrastructures...in a condition suitable for a facility to be used for its designed purpose. Location: The proposed project is located in Klamath, Deschutes, and Harney counties,
Final environmental assessment for vegetation control at VHF stations, microwave stations, electrical substations, and pole yards
Southwestern Power Adm. operates very high frequency (VHF) and microwave radio stations, electrical substations, and pole yards for electric power transmission throughout AR, MO, and OK. Vegetation growth at the stations must be suppressed for safety of operation and personnel. Southwestern has been using a combination of mechanical/manual and herbicide control for this purpose; Federally- mandated reductions in staff and budgetary resources require Southwestern to evaluate all potentially efficient methods for vegetation control. Three alternatives were examined: no action, mechanical/manual control, and (proposed) a combination of mechanical/manual and herbicide control. Environmental impacts on air and water quality, wetlands, wildlife, endangered species, archaeological and other resources, farmland, human health, transportation, etc. were evaluated.
Generation of polarization entangled photons using type-II doubly periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides
In this paper, we address the issue of the generation of non-degenerate cross-polarization entangled photon-pairs using type-II periodically poled lithium niobate. We show that, by an appropriate engineering of the quasi-phase-matching grating, it is possible to simultaneously satisfy the conditions for two spontaneous parametric down-conversion processes, namely ordinary pump photon down-conversion to either extraordinary signal and ordinary idler paired photons, or to ordinary signal and extraordinary idler paired photons. In contrast to single type-II phase-matching, these two processes, when enabled together, can lead to the direct production of cross-polarization entangled state for non degenerate signal and idler wavelengths. Such a scheme should be of great interest in applications requiring polarization entangled non degenerate paired photons with, for instance, one of the entangled photons at an appropriate wavelength being used for local operation or for quantum storage in an atomic ensemble, and th...
Thyagarajan, K; Lugani, J; Ghosh, S; Martin, A; Ostrowsky, D B; Alibart, O; Tanzilli, S
Microsoft Word - CX-GrandCoulee-ChiefJoseph_ARandWood Poles_WEB.doc
REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-Bell-1 SUBJECT: Environmental Cleareance Memorandum Todd Wehner Road Engineer - TELF-TPP-3 Robert Keudell Line Foreman III - TFWK-Grand Coulee Robert Zellar Line Foreman I - TFWK-Grand Coulee Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement, equipment landing construction and access road construction/maintenance along portions of the Grand Coulee-Chief Joseph #1 and #2 230-kV transmission line rights-of-way. PP&A Project No: 1777 Work Order No.: 275582 and 275583 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021):  B1.13 Construction, acquisition, and relocation of onsite pathways and short onsite access roads and railroads.  B1.3 Routine maintenance activities...for structures, rights-of-way, infrastructures such
Microsoft Word - CX-Chehalis-CentraliaNo2WoodPolesFY12_WEB.doc
0, 2012 0, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR/Olympia SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Ryan Brady Line Foreman III - TFOK-Chehalis Proposed Action: Wood pole structure replacements on the Chehalis-Centralia No. 2 115-kV transmission line PP&A Project No.: 2372, WO# 298136 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities... Location: The subject transmission line is located in Lewis County, Washington, in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Olympia Maintenance District. The transmission line ROW corridors cross public and privately-owned lands that are mostly rural residential property. No U.S. Forest service or tribal lands are within the project boundaries.
Microsoft Word - CX-Shelton-Fairmount-WoodPolesFY12_WEB.doc
4, 2012 4, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR/Olympia SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Lee Web Line Foreman III - TFOF-Olympia Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements as needed on the Shelton-Fairmount No. 1, 115-kV transmission line PP&A Project No.: 2371; Work Order # 298004 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities Location: The subject transmission line is located in Mason and Jefferson counties, Washington, in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Olympia Maintenance District. The transmission line ROW corridors cross public and privately-owned lands that include industrial forestlands and rural residential property. Four structures requiring replacement including 43/1,
Two-Pole Caustic Model for High-Energy Lightcurves of Pulsars
We present a new model of high-energy lightcurves from rotation powered pulsars. The key ingredient of the model is the gap region (i.e. the region where particle acceleration is taking place and high-energy photons originate) which satisfies the following assumptions: i) the gap region extends from each polar cap to the light cylinder; ii) the gap is thin and confined to the surface of last open magnetic-field lines; iii) photon emissivity is uniform within the gap region. The model lightcurves are dominated by strong peaks (either double or single) of caustic origin. Unlike in other pulsar models with caustic effects, the double peaks arise due to crossing two caustics, each of which is associated with a different magnetic pole. The generic features of the lightcurves are consistent with the observed characteristics of pulsar lightcurves: 1) the most natural (in terms of probability) shape consists of two peaks (separated by 0.4 to 0.5 in phase for large viewing angles); 2) the peaks posess well developed wings; 3) there is a bridge (inter-peak) emission component; 4) there is a non-vanishing off-pulse emission level; 5) the radio pulse occurs before the leading high-energy peak. The model is well suited for four gamma-ray pulsars - Crab, Vela, Geminga and B1951+32 - with double-peak lightcurves exhibiting the peak separation of 0.4 to 0.5 in phase. Hereby, we apply the model to the Vela pulsar. Moreover, we indicate the limitation of the model in accurate reproducing of the lightcurves with single pulses and narrowly separated (about 0.2 in phase) pulse peaks. We also discuss the optical polarization properties for the Crab pulsar in the context of the two-pole caustic model.
J. Dyks; B. Rudak
A Benchmark Study on Casting Residual Stress
Stringent regulatory requirements, such as Tier IV norms, have pushed the cast iron for automotive applications to its limit. The castings need to be designed with closer tolerances by incorporating hitherto unknowns, such as residual stresses arising due to thermal gradients, phase and microstructural changes during solidification phenomenon. Residual stresses were earlier neglected in the casting designs by incorporating large factors of safety. Experimental measurement of residual stress in a casting through neutron or X-ray diffraction, sectioning or hole drilling, magnetic, electric or photoelastic measurements is very difficult and time consuming exercise. A detailed multi-physics model, incorporating thermo-mechanical and phase transformation phenomenon, provides an attractive alternative to assess the residual stresses generated during casting. However, before relying on the simulation methodology, it is important to rigorously validate the prediction capability by comparing it to experimental measurements. In the present work, a benchmark study was undertaken for casting residual stress measurements through neutron diffraction, which was subsequently used to validate the accuracy of simulation prediction. The stress lattice specimen geometry was designed such that subsequent castings would generate adequate residual stresses during solidification and cooling, without any cracks. The residual stresses in the cast specimen were measured using neutron diffraction. Considering the difficulty in accessing the neutron diffraction facility, these measurements can be considered as benchmark for casting simulation validations. Simulations were performed using the identical specimen geometry and casting conditions for predictions of residual stresses. The simulation predictions were found to agree well with the experimentally measured residual stresses. The experimentally validated model can be subsequently used to predict residual stresses in different cast components. This enables incorporation of the residual stresses at the design phase along with external loads for accurate predictions of fatigue and fracture performance of the cast components.
Johnson, Eric M. [John Deere -- Moline Tech Center; Watkins, Thomas R [ORNL; Schmidlin, Joshua E [ORNL; Dutler, S. A. [MAGMA Foundry Technologies, Inc.
Characterization Report on Sand, Slag, and Crucible Residues and on Fluoride Residues
This paper reports on the chemical characterization of the sand, slag, and crucible (SS and C) residues and the fluoride residues that may be shipped from the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS) to Savannah River Site (SRS).
Murray, A.M.
A process is described for the recovery of uranium from insoluble oxide residues resistant to repeated leaching with mineral acids. The residue is treated with gaseous hydrogen fluoride, then with hydrogen and again with hydrogen fluoride, preferably at 500 to 700 deg C, prior to the mineral acid leaching.
Schaap, W.B.
Costing forest residue recovery through simulation
The search for alternative energy sources has renewed interest in the energy potential of wood. Supplies of wood residue seem to be a likely source of material and the greatest volumes of residue are located in the forest. Methods are needed to more ...
Leonard R. Johnson; Edward L. Fisher
Process for treatment of residual gas
A process is disclosed for the treatment of the residual gases which are produced when hydrogen sulfide is reduced, by combustion, to elementary sulfur by the Claus process. The residual gases are fed through a heated conduit and gas scrubber, wherein the temperature of those residual gases are maintained above the melting point of sulfur. A portion of the raw coke oven gas condensate is admitted to the gas scrubber to be returned to the coke oven battery main from the flushing liquid separator as flushing liquor. The residual gases are then conducted through the coke oven gas purification process equipment along with the raw coke oven gas where the residual gases are intermixed with the raw coke oven gas prior to tar separation.
Nolden, K.
Application of a Comprehensive Bias-Correction Model to Precipitation Measured at Russian North Pole Drifting Stations
An improved bias correction is applied to daily precipitation measured at Russian North Pole drifting stations during the period from the early 1950s through 1990. The bias-correction method is based on a model accounting for all main systematic ...
Esfir G. Bogdanova; Boris M. Ilyin; Irina V. Dragomilova
Performance of Weather Forecast Models in the Rescue of Dr. Ronald Shemenski from the South Pole in April 2001
In late April 2001, an unprecedented late-season flight to Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station was made in the evacuation of Dr. Ronald Shemenski, a medical doctor seriously ill with pancreatitis. This case study analyzes the performance of four of ...
Andrew J. Monaghan; David H. Bromwich; He-Lin Wei; Arthur M. Cayette; Jordan G. Powers; Ying-Hwa Kuo; Matthew A. Lazzara
Cloud Cover over the South Pole from Visual Observations, Satellite Retrievals, and Surface-Based Infrared Radiation Measurements
Estimates of cloud cover over the South Pole are presented from five different data sources: routine visual observations (1957–2004; Cvis), surface-based spectral infrared (IR) data (2001; CPAERI), surface-based broadband IR data (1994–2003; Cpyr)...
Michael S. Town; Von P. Walden; Stephen G. Warren
Comparison of Inclusive Charm and Beauty Cross Sections in Deep-inelastic Scattering at HERA with Theoretical Predictions
The measurements of inclusive charm and beauty cross sections in deep-inelastic scattering $ep$ collisions at HERA are compared with the predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics from the CTEQ and MRST fitting groups, employing a range of theoretical schemes. The differences in the theoretical predictions are discussed and the theoretical uncertainties investigated.
Paul D. Thompson
Azimuthal single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on a transversely polarised hydrogen target
Azimuthal single-spin asymmetries (SSA) in semi-inclusive electroproduction of charged pions and kaons in deep-inelastic scattering of positrons on a transversely polarised hydrogen target were observed. SSA amplitudes for both the Collins and the Sivers mechanism are presented.
Markus Diefenthaler
Recent Measurements of the cos( n? h ( Azimuthal Modulations of the Unpolarized Deep Inelastic Scattering Cross?section at HERMES
The cross section for hadron production in deep?inelastic lepton scattering contains azimuthal modulations which can be related to transverse momentum dependent (TMD) distribution and fragmentation functions. The former provide a picture of how the quarks are moving within nucleons. Specifically
Rebecca Lamb; Francesca Giordano; on behalf of the HERMES Collaboration
Game Theoretic Approach for Elastic and Inelastic Demand Management in Microgrid
Smart grid, which consists of many small microgrids, leads to a more stable and secure grid. In this paper, we proposed a game theoretic approach using a novel combinational pricing signal for the demand side management in a microgrid. We classified the appliance in a smart grid into appliance with elastic energy demand and appliance with inelastic appliance. We use game-theoretic approach to analyze the interaction between the microgrid operator and end users as well as among end users themself. We formulate the problem as a single leader, multiple followers Stackelberg game. An unique Stackelberg-Nash equilibrium is derived under two-fold pricing at first and then extended to case of uniform pricing scheme. 1
unknown authors
Differences between positrons and electrons in elastic and inelastic processes at surfaces
The elastic scattering of positrons of 30 to 300 eV differs significantly from electrons, i.e., a lack of an exchange interaction and ion core repulsion, instead of attraction. Inelastic scattering also differs because there are no final scattering states for the positron which are excluded by the Pauli principle, thus resulting in a shorter positron elastic mean free path. The resulting advantages of LEPD over LEED will be discussed. When a positron is implanted and thermalizes in a solid, many possible fates occur which differs from electrons. The dominant processes for positrons occurring at a metallic surface are (i) localization in a surface state, and (ii) direct reemission from the metal into the vacuum in those systems which exhibit a negative positron work function; during this reemission process the positrons can loose energy by exciting molecular vibrations, (iii) reemission into the vacuum with an electron, thus forming positronium. 47 references.
Canter, K.F.; Lynn, K.G.
The elastic scattering of 30--300 eV positrons differs significantly from electrons, i.e., a lack of an exchange interaction and ion core repulsion, instead of attraction. Inelastic scattering also differs because there are no final scattering states for the positron which are excluded by the Pauli principle, thus resulting in a shorter positron elastic mean free path. The resulting advantages of LEPD over LEED will be discussed. When a positron is implanted and thermalizes in a solid, many possible fates occur which differs from electrons. The dominant processes for positrons occurring as a metallic surface are (i) localization in a surface state, (ii) direct reemission from the metal into the vacuum in those systems which exhibit a negative positron work function; during this reemission process the positrons can loose energy by exciting molecular vibrations, and (iii) reemission into the vacuum with an electron, thus forming positronium.
Study of inelastic contribution in the 7Be + p scattering experiment at CRIB
The 7Be(p,{gamma})8B reaction is undoubtfully important to the understanding of the solar model. As a step in the direction of improving the accuracy of the S17 astrophysical factor, a study of the 7Be + p scattering was performed with the thick target method at the CRIB facility. In addition to its astrophysical significance, this reaction is also useful to clarify the nuclear structure of 8B. A primary beam of 7Li and a hydrogen gas target were used to produce a 7Be secondary beam at 7.69 MeV/u. This was the first time in which {gamma}-rays were measured in coincidence with protons, and we have successfully measured the inelastic contribution to the scattering cross section.
Amadio, G.; Yamaguchi, H.; He, J. J.; Saito, A.; Wakabayashi, Y.; Fujikawa, H.; Kubono, S.; Khiem, L. H.; Kwon, Y. K. [CNS, University of Tokyo, Japan, Saitama, Wako, Hirosawa, 2-1, Zip Code 351-0198 (Japan); Teranishi, T. [Kyushu University (Japan); Nishimura, S.; Togano, Y. [RIKEN (Japan); Niikura, M. [Kyoto University (Japan); Iwasa, N.; Inafuku, S. [Tohoku University (Japan)
Hadronization and final state interaction effects in semi-exclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering off nuclei
Recent calculations of the effects of hadronization and final state interaction (FSI) in semi-exclusive deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) $A(e,e'(A-1))X$ processes are reviewed. The basic ingredient underlying these calculations, {\\it viz} the time-dependent effective debris-nucleon cross section is illustrated, and some relevant results on complex nuclei and the deuteron are presented. In the latter case, particular attention is paid to the choice of the kinematics, for such a choice would in principle allow one to investigate both the structure function of a bound nucleon as well as the hadronization mechanisms. It is stressed that a planned experiment at Jlab on the process $D(e,e'p)X$ could be very useful in that respect.
C. Ciofi degli Atti; L. P. Kaptari; B. Z. Kopeliovich
The phonon density of states of {alpha}- {delta}-plutonium by inelastic x-ray scattering.
Inelastic x-ray scattering measurements of the phonon density of states (DOS) were performed on polycrystalline samples of pure {alpha}-Pu and {delta}-Pu{sub 0.98}Ga{sub 0.02} at room temperature. The heat capacity of {alpha}-Pu is well reproduced by contributions calculated from the measured phonon DOS plus conventional thermal-expansion and electronic contributions, showing that {alpha}-Pu is a 'well-behaved' metal in this regard. A comparison of the phonon DOS of the two phases at room temperature showed that the vibrational entropy difference between them is only a quarter of the total entropy difference expected from known thermodynamic measurements. The missing entropy is too large to be accounted for by conventional electronic entropy and evidence from the literature rules out a contribution from spin fluctuations. Possible alternative sources for the missing entropy are discussed.
Manley, M. E.; Said, A.; Fluss, M. J.; Wall, M.; Lashley, J. C.; Alatas, A.; Moore, K. T.; LLNL; LANL
Effects of inelastic spin-dependent electron transport through a spin nanostructure in a magnetic field
The transport properties and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of a system of spin dimers with antiferromagnetic coupling arranged between metallic contacts are investigated in the tight binding approximation using the Landauer-Buttiker formalism. It is shown that the s-d(f) exchange interaction between the spin moments of the electrons being transported and the spins of the nanostructure leads to the formation of a potential profile as well as its variation due to spin-flip processes. As a result, the spin-dependent transport becomes inelastic, and the transmission coefficient and the I-V characteristic are strongly modified. It is found that the application of a magnetic field induces additional transparency peaks in the spectral characteristic of the system and causes the colossal magnetoresistance effect.
Val'kov, V. V., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Aksenov, S. V. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch (Russian Federation)
Parity Violation in Deep Inelastic Scattering at JLab 6 GeV
The parity-violating asymmetry in e-$^2$H deep inelastic scattering (DIS) can be used to extract the weak neutral-current coupling constants $C_{2q}$. A measurement of this asymmetry at two $Q^2$ values is planned at Jefferson Lab. Results from this experiment will provide a value of $2C_{2u}-C_{2d}$ to a precision of $\\pm 0.03$, a factor of eight improvement over our current knowledge. If all hadronic effects can be understood, this results will provide information on possible extensions of the Standard Model, complementary to other experiments dedicated to new physics searches. Presented here are the physics motivation, experimental setup, potential hadronic effects and their implications, and the future of PV DIS at Jefferson Lab.
Xiaochao Zheng
In situ determination of soil carbon pool by inelastic neutron scattering: Comparison with dry combustion
There is a well-documented need for new in situ technologies for elemental analysis of soil, particularly for carbon (C), that overcome the limitations of the currently established chemical method by dry combustion (DC). In this work, we evaluated the concordance between the new INS (inelastic neutron scattering) technology and the DC method. The comparisons were carried out in the high C content (30-40%) organic soils of Willard, Ohio (4 sites), in natural forest in Willard, Ohio (1 site), and in a watershed pasture, with an {approx} 10{sup o} slope, in Coshocton, Ohio (5 sites). In addition to these stationary measurements, the organic soil and the pasture were continuously scanned with the inelastic neutron scattering (INS) system to obtain the transects mean C value. Both types of measurements, INS and DC, registered a decline in the surface density of C along transects in the watershed and in the organic soil. Similarly, both recorded a drop in C in the organic soil of about 0.16%. In the pastureland, declines in C levels of 0.08% and 0.10% were observed, respectively, by DC and INS. Combining the results from the three sites yielded a very satisfactory correlation between the INS- and DC-responses, with a regression coefficient, r{sup 2}, value of about 0.99. This suggests the possibility of establishing a universal regression line for various soil types. In addition, we demonstrated the ability of INS to measure the mean value over transect. In organic soil the mean value of an INS scan agreed, {approx} 0.5%, with the mean values of the DC analysis, whereas large discrepancy between these two was recorded in the pastureland. Overall, the various trends observed in C measurements by INS concurred with those determined by the DC method, so enhancing the confidence in the new INS technology.
Wielopolski, L.; Mitra, S.; Chatterjee, A.; Lal, R.
Structure of 8B from elastic and inelastic 7Be+p scattering
Motivation: Detailed experimental knowledge of the level structure of light weakly bound nuclei is necessary to guide the development of new theoretical approaches that combine nuclear structure with reaction dynamics. Purpose: The resonant structure of 8B is studied in this work. Method: Excitation functions for elastic and inelastic 7Be+p scattering were measured using a 7Be rare isotope beam. Excitation energies ranging between 1.6 and 3.4 MeV were investigated. An R-matrix analysis of the excitation functions was performed. Results: New low-lying resonances at 1.9, 2.5, and 3.3 MeV in 8B are reported with spin-parity assignment 0+, 2+, and 1+, respectively. Comparison to the Time Dependent Continuum Shell (TDCSM) model and ab initio no-core shell model/resonating-group method (NCSM/RGM) calculations is performed. This work is a more detailed analysis of the data first published as a Rapid Communication. [J.P. Mitchell, et al, Phys. Rev. C 82, 011601(R) (2010)] Conclusions: Identification of the 0+, 2+, 1+ states that were predicted by some models at relatively low energy but never observed experimentally is an important step toward understanding the structure of 8B. Their identification was aided by having both elastic and inelastic scattering data. Direct comparison of the cross sections and phase shifts predicted by the TDCSM and ab initio No Core Shell Model coupled with the resonating group method is of particular interest and provides a good test for these theoretical approaches.
J. P. Mitchell; G. V. Rogachev; E. D. Johnson; L. T. Baby; K. W. Kemper; A. M. Moro; P. Peplowski; A. S. Volya; I. Wiedenhoever
SAR impulse response with residual chirps.
A Linear Frequency-Modulated (LFM) chirp is a function with unit amplitude and quadratic phase characteristic. In a focused Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image, a residual chirp is undesired for targets of interest, as it coarsens the manifested resolution. However, for undesired spurious signals, a residual chirp is often advantageous because it spreads the energy and thereby diminishes its peak value. In either case, a good understanding of the effects of a residual LFM chirp on a SAR Impulse Response (IPR) is required to facilitate system analysis and design. This report presents an analysis of the effects of a residual chirp on the IPR. As reference, there is a rich body of publications on various aspects of LFM chirps. A quick search reveals a plethora of articles, going back to the early 1950s. We mention here purely as trivia one of the earlier analysis papers on this waveform by Klauder, et al.
Doerry, Armin Walter
Gasification of in-Forest Biomass Residues.
??Described is a laboratory-scale continuous-feed supercritical water gasification (SCWG) system. The system is operated using real-world Ponderosa Pine sawmill residues at high biomass loadings, short… (more)
Faires, Kenneth B.
Microsoft Word - CX-OregonCity-ChemawaWoodPolesFY12_WEB .docx
Alvey Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum James Semrau Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Oregon City-Chemawa #2 Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2327 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Proposed by: Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Location: The project is located in Clackamas and Marion counties, Oregon, in BPA's Salem District. Structure locations are as follows: Structure Legal Description County, State 3\14 3S, 1W, Sec. 14 Clackamas, OR 16\12 5S, 2W, Sec. 15 Marion, OR 17\6 5S, 2W, Sec. 22 Marion, OR 20\9 5S, 2W, Sec. 32 Marion, OR 21\3 6S, 2W, Sec. 5 Marion, OR 21\13 - 21\15 6S, 2W, Sec. 6 Marion, OR 21\16 - 22\25 6S, 2W, Sec. 7 Marion, OR
Lunar South Pole ice as heat sink for Lunar cryofuel production system
Recent Clementine bistatic radar data suggest that water ice may be present in a {open_quotes}forever shaded{close_quotes} depression or crater at the South Pole of the Moon. The ice is a feedstock for the electrolysis production of cryogenic oxygen and hydrogen rocket fuels for a transportation system on the moon and for leaving and descending on to the moon. The ice also provides a convective heat sink critical to the practical implementation of high throughput electric power generators and refrigerators that liquefy and cool the oxygen and hydrogen into cryogenic rocket fuel. This brief analysis shows that about a hundred tonnes of hardware delivered to the lunar surface can produce tens of thousands of tonnes of rocket fuel per year, on the moon. And it makes the point that if convective cooling is used instead of radiative cooling, then power and processing systems can be used that exist and have been tested already. This shortens the time by an order of magnitude to develop lunar operations. Quick deployment of a chemical cryofuel energy source is a key factor in the economics of lunar development.
Zuppero, A.; Stanley, M.; Modro, S.M. [Idaho National Engineering Lab., Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Whitman, P. [Univ. of Southwestern Louisiana, Lafayette, LA (United States)
Accelerating Atomic Orbital-based Electronic Structure Calculation via Pole Expansion plus Selected Inversion
We describe how to apply the recently developed pole expansion plus selected inversion (PEpSI) technique to Kohn-Sham density function theory (DFT) electronic structure calculations that are based on atomic orbital discretization. We give analytic expressions for evaluating charge density, total energy, Helmholtz free energy and atomic forces without using the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian. We also show how to update the chemical potential without using Kohn-Sham eigenvalues. The advantage of using PEpSI is that it has a much lower computational complexity than that associated with the matrix diagonalization procedure. We demonstrate the performance gain by comparing the timing of PEpSI with that of diagonalization on insulating and metallic nanotubes. For these quasi-1D systems, the complexity of PEpSI is linear with respect to the number of atoms. This linear scaling can be observed in our computational experiments when the number of atoms in a nanotube is larger than a few hundreds. Both the wall clock time and the memory requirement of PEpSI is modest. This makes it even possible to perform Kohn-Sham DFT calculations for 10,000-atom nanotubes on a single processor. We also show that the use of PEpSI does not lead to loss of accuracy required in a practical DFT calculation.
Lin, Lin; Chen, Mohan; Yang, Chao; He, Lixin
Lunar south pole ice as heat sink for lunar cryofuel production system
Recent Clementine bistatic radar data suggest that water ice may be present in a ``forever shaded`` depression or crater at the South Pole of the Moon. The ice is a feedstock for the electrolysis production of cryogenic oxygen and hydrogen rocket fuel for a transportation system on the moon and for leaving and descending on the moon. The ice also provides a convective heat sink critical to the practical implementation of high throughput electric power generators and refrigerators that liquefy and cool the oxyen and hydrogen into cryogenic rocket fuel. This brief analysis shows that about a hundred tonnes of hardware delivered to the lunar surface can produce tens of thousands of tonnes of rocket fuel per year, on the moon. And it makes the point that if convective cooling is used instead of radiative cooling, then power and processing systems can be used that exist and have been tested already. This shortens the time by an order of magnitude to develop lunar operations. Quick deployment of a chemical cryofuel energy source is a key factor in the economics of lunar development. {copyright}American Institute of Physics 1995
Zuppero, A.; Stanley, M.; Modro, S.M. [PO Box 1625, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415 (United States); Whitman, P. [University of Southwestern Louisiana, Physics Dept., Center for Accessible Resources, Box 4210, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504 (United States)
In this paper, we address the issue of the generation of non-degenerate cross-polarization-entangled photon pairs using type-II periodically poled lithium niobate. We show that, by an appropriate engineering of the quasi-phase-matching grating, it is possible to simultaneously satisfy the conditions for two spontaneous parametric down-conversion processes, namely ordinary pump photon down-conversion to either extraordinary signal and ordinary idler paired photons, or to ordinary signal and extraordinary idler paired photons. In contrast to single type-II phase-matching, these two processes, when enabled together, can lead to the direct production of cross-polarization-entangled state for non degenerate signal and idler wavelengths. Such a scheme should be of great interest in applications requiring polarization-entangled non degenerate paired photons with, for instance, one of the entangled photons at an appropriate wavelength being used for local operation or for quantum storage in an atomic ensemble, and the other one at the typical wavelength of 1550 nm for propagation through an optical fiber.
K. Thyagarajan; K. Sinha; J. Lugani; S. Ghosh; A. Martin; D. B. Ostrowsky; O. Alibart; S. Tanzilli
Biaxial Flexural Strength of Poled Lead Zirconate Titanate under High Electric Field with Extended Field Range
In the present work, as-received poled lead zirconate titanate, or PZT 5A, was examined using ball-on-ring (BoR) mechanical testing coupled with an electric field. Electric fields in the range of 4Ec (Ec, coercive field) with controlled loading paths were applied, and mechanical tests at a substantial number of characteristic electric field levels were conducted. Commercial electronic liquid FC-40 was used to prevent the setup from dielectric breakdown under a high electric field. Weibull strength distribution was used to interpret the mechanical strength data. The data showed that the strength levels of the PZT-5A tested under OC (open circuit) in air and in FC-40 were almost the same. It was further revealed that , for the studied cases, the effect of loading history on the biaxial flexural strength of the PZT was significant in -Ec, but not in OC or zero field as well as 4Ec . An asymmetry V curve was observed for the characteristic strength-electric field graph, and the bottom of V curve was located near the negative coercive field. Microscopy analysis showed that surface-located volume-distributed flaws were the strength limiter and responsible for the failure of the tested PZT under electromechanical loadings.
Zhang, Kewei [ORNL; Zeng, Fan W [ORNL; Wang, Hong [ORNL; Lin, Hua-Tay [ORNL
Measurements of Secondary Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies with the South Pole Telescope
We report cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum measurements from the first 100 sq. deg. field observed by the South Pole Telescope (SPT) at 150 and 220 GHz. On angular scales where the primary CMB anisotropy is dominant, ell ~ 50 at both frequencies. We combine the 150 and 220 GHz data to remove the majority of the point source power, and use the point source subtracted spectrum to detect Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) power at 2.6 sigma. At ell=3000, the SZ power in the subtracted bandpowers is 4.2 +/- 1.5 uK^2, which is significantly lower than the power predicted by a fiducial model using WMAP5 cosmological parameters. This discrepancy may suggest that contemporary galaxy cluster models overestimate the thermal pressure of intracluster gas. Alternatively, this result can be interpreted as evidence for lower values of sigma8. When combined with an estimate of the kinetic SZ contribution, the measured SZ amplitude shifts sigma8 from the primary CMB anisotropy derived constraint of 0.794 +/- 0.028 down t...
Lueker, M; Schaffer, K K; Zahn, O; Ade, P A R; Aird, K A; Benson, B A; Bleem, L E; Carlstrom, J E; Chang, C L; Cho, H M; Crawford, T M; Crites, A T; de Haan, T; Dobbs, M A; George, E M; Hall, N R; Halverson, N W; Holder, G P; Holzapfel, W L; Hrubes, J D; Joy, M; Keisler, R; Knox, L; Lee, A T; Leitch, E M; McMahon, J J; Mehl, J; Meyer, S S; Mohr, J J; Montroy, T E; Padin, S; Plagge, T; Pryke, C; Ruhl, J E; Shaw, L; Shirokoff, E; Spieler, H G; Staniszewski, Z; Stark, A A; Vanderlinde, K; Vieira, J D; Williamson, R
Residual Fuel Oil Sales to End Users Refiner Sales Volumes
Residual Fuel Oil Residual F.O., Sulfur < 1% Residual F.O., Sulfur > 1% No. 4 Fuel Oil Period-Unit: Monthly - Thousand Gallons per Day Annual - Thousand Gallons per Day...
Residual Circulations Due to Bottom Roughness Variability under Tidal Flows
Tidal flows over irregular bathymetry are known to produce residual circulation flows due to nonlinear interaction with gradients of depth. Using the depth-averaged vorticity equations, the generation of residual vorticity and residual flows due ...
Thomas F. Gross; Francisco E. Werner
The Neutron Residual Stress Mapping Facility at HFIR | ORNL Neutron...
Neutron Residual Stress Mapping Facility at HFIR Neutron Residual Stress Mapping Facility (HB-2B) Neutron Residual Stress Mapping Facility (HB-2B). The HB-2B beam port is optimized...
Animal Performance and Diet Quality While Grazing Corn Residue.
??Grazing cattle on corn residue as a winter feed source has become an integral part of many Nebraska producers' management plans. Utilizing corn residues extends… (more)
Gigax, Jennifer A
EA-1120: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at...
0: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, Golden, Colorado EA-1120: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage...
EIS-0277: Management of Certain Plutonium Residues and Scrub...
77: Management of Certain Plutonium Residues and Scrub Alloy Stored at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site EIS-0277: Management of Certain Plutonium Residues and Scrub...
Potential for biogas production fromslaughter houses residues in Bolivia.
?? Residues from slaughter houses offer an abundant resource in Bolivia. The residues can beused for biogas production with biofertilizer as a bi-product. These resources… (more)
Tesfaye Tefera, Tadious
Jordan blocks and Gamow-Jordan eigenfunctions associated to a double pole of the S-matrix
An accidental degeneracy of resonances gives rise to a double pole in the scattering matrix, a double zero in the Jost function and a Jordan chain of length two of generalized Gamow-Jordan eigenfunctions of the radial Schroedinger equation. The generalized Gamow-Jordan eigenfunctions are basis elements of an expansion in bound and resonant energy eigenfunctions plus a continuum of scattering wave functions of complex wave number. In this biorthonormal basis, any operator which is a regular function of the Hamiltonian is represented by a complex matrix which is diagonal except for a Jordan block of rank two. The occurrence of a double pole in the Green's function, as well as the non-exponential time evolution of the Gamow-Jordan generalized eigenfunctions are associated to the Jordan block in the complex energy representation.
E. Hernandez; A. Jauregui; A. Mondragon
Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering of Rare-Earth and CopperSystems
Rare earths and copper systems were studied using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). The use of monochromased synchotron radiation and improved energy resolution for RIXS made possible to obtain valuable information on the electronic structure in 4f, 5f and 3d systems. Experimental results for rare-earths (Ho, Gd, Cm, U, Np, Pu) were analyzed by atomic multiplet theory based on the Hartree-Fock calculations. The inelastic scattering structures in RIXS spectra at 5d edge of actinides found to be sensitive to actinide oxidation states in different systems. Comparison of experimental and calculated Cm 5d RIXS spectra gave direct information about valency of the 248-curium isotope in oxide. Scientific understanding of processes that control chemical changes of radioactive species from spent fuel is improved by studying interactions of actinide ions (U, Np, Pu) with corroded iron surfaces. RIXS measurements at the actinide 5d edge found to be sensitive to actinide oxidation states in different systems. Comparison of experimental and calculated Cm 5d RIXS spectra gave direct information about valency of the 248 curium isotope in oxide. Scientific understanding of processes that control chemical changes of radioactive species from spent fuel is improved by studying interactions of actinide ions (U, Np, Pu) with corroded iron surfaces. RIXS measurements at the actinide 5d edge indicate the reduction of U(VI), NP(V) and Pu(VI) to U(IV), Np(IV) and Pu(IV) by presence of iron ions. This thesis is also addressed to the study of changes in the electronic structure of copper films during interaction with synthetic groundwater solutions. The surface modifications induced by chemical reactions of oxidized 100 Angstrom Cu films with CL{sup -}, SO{sub 4}{sup 2-} and HCO{sub 3}{sup -} ions in aqueous solutions with various concentrations were studied in-situ using XAS. It was shown that the pH value, the concentration of Cl{sup -} ion and presence of HC{sub 3}{sup -} ion in the solutions strongly affect the speed of the corrosion reaction. The Cu 2p RIXS was used to distinguish between the species present on the copper surface while in contact with groundwater solution.
Kvashnina, Kristina
Proposal for the award of a contract for the supply of pole-face windings for the Ps main magnets
This document concerns the award of a contract for the supply of 244 pole-face windings for the PS main magnets. Following a market survey carried out among 58 firms in twelve Member States, a call for tenders (IT-3277/AT) was sent on 25 March 2004 to eight firms in seven Member States. By the closing date, CERN had received three tenders from three firms in three Member States. The Finance Committee is invited to agree to the negotiation of a contract with SIGMAPHI (FR), the lowest bidder, for the supply of 244 pole-face windings for a total amount of 1 122 268 euros (1 753 544 Swiss francs), not subject to revision, with an option for up to 240 additional pole-face windings for an amount not exceeding 1 101 299 euros (1 720 780 Swiss francs), not subject to revision, bringing the total amount to 2 223 567 euros (3 474 324 Swiss francs), not subject to revision. The firm has indicated the following distribution by country of the contract value covered by this adjudication proposal: FR - 98%; IT - 2%.
Investigation of magnetic-pole-enhanced inductively coupled nitrogen-argon plasmas
This article presented the features of the mixed mode and H mode in magnetic pole enhanced, inductively coupled Ar-N{sub 2} plasmas using RF-compensated Langmuir probe measurements. To fully characterize plasma parameters and electron energy probability functions (EEPFs), the gas pressure and argon content were varied. It was observed that with increasing the nitrogen content and gas pressure, the critical RF power to sustain H mode increases; this increase was more prominent for pure nitrogen discharge at higher pressure. The electron number density (n{sub e}) shows increasing trend with increasing RF power, while at higher gas pressures, the electron number density decreases at fixed RF power. Mostly, the EEPFs show a Maxwellian distribution even at low RF power (for higher argon content in the discharge) and at moderate RF power (for higher or pure nitrogen content in the discharge) for pressures of 15-60 mTorr. With increasing the nitrogen content in the mixture, the low energy part of the EEPF is more Druyvesteyn with a distorted high energy tail at low RF power. At fixed RF power, the slope of EEPF changes sharply with increasing pressure. It was observed that in hybrid mode, the EEPF at higher gas pressure (75 mTorr) in a pure nitrogen discharge shows a flat hole near the average electron energy of 3 eV and changes to Maxwellian distribution in H mode. The skin depth versus RF power shows that the skin depth is smaller than the critical dimension of the chamber, regardless of the gas type and the gas pressure.
Jan, F.; Zakaullah, M. [Department of Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad 45320 (Pakistan); Khan, A. W.; Saeed, A. [National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus Islamabad, Islamabad 45320 (Pakistan)
Reclamation of plutonium from pyrochemical processing residues
Savannah River Laboratory (SRL), Savannah River Plant (SRP), and Rocky Flats Plant (RFP) have jointly developed a process to recover plutonium from molten salt extraction residues. These NaCl, KCL, and MgCl/sub 2/ residues, which are generated in the pyrochemical extraction of /sup 241/Am from aged plutonium metal, contain up to 25 wt % dissolved plutonium and up to 2 wt % americium. The overall objective was to develop a process to convert these residues to a pure plutonium metal product and discardable waste. To meet this objective a combination of pyrochemical and aqueous unit operations was used. The first step was to scrub the salt residue with a molten metal (aluminum and magnesium) to form a heterogeneous ''scrub alloy'' containing nominally 25 wt % plutonium. This unit operation, performed at RFP, effectively separated the actinides from the bulk of the chloride salts. After packaging in aluminum cans, the ''scrub alloy'' was then dissolved in a nitric acid - hydrofluoric acid - mercuric nitrate solution at SRP. Residual chloride was separated from the dissolver solution by precipitation with Hg/sub 2/(NO/sub 3/)/sub 2/ followed by centrifuging. Plutonium was then separated from the aluminum, americium and magnesium using the Purex solvent extraction system. The /sup 241/Am was diverted to the waste tank farm, but could be recovered if desired.
Gray, L.W.; Gray, J.H.; Holcomb, H.P.; Chostner, D.F.
Disposal of Rocky Flats residues as waste
Work is underway at the Rocky Flats Plant to evaluate alternatives for the removal of a large inventory of plutonium-contaminated residues from the plant. One alternative under consideration is to package the residues as transuranic wastes for ultimate shipment to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. Current waste acceptance criteria and transportation regulations require that approximately 1000 cubic yards of residues be repackaged to produce over 20,000 cubic yards of WIPP certified waste. The major regulatory drivers leading to this increase in waste volume are the fissile gram equivalent, surface radiation dose rate, and thermal power limits. In the interest of waste minimization, analyses have been conducted to determine, for each residue type, the controlling criterion leading to the volume increase, the impact of relaxing that criterion on subsequent waste volume, and the means by which rules changes may be implemented. The results of this study have identified the most appropriate changes to be proposed in regulatory requirements in order to minimize the costs of disposing of Rocky Flats residues as transuranic wastes.
Dustin, D.F.; Sendelweck, V.S. [EG and G Rocky Flats, Inc., Golden, CO (United States). Rocky Flats Plant; Rivera, M.A. [Lamb Associates, Inc., Rockville, MD (United States)
Numerical simulations for width fluctuations in compound elastic and inelastic scattering at low energies
The statistical theories - the Hauser-Feshbach model with the width fluctuation correction - play a central role in studying nuclear reactions in the fast energy region, hence the statistical model codes are essential for the nuclear data evaluations nowadays. In this paper, we revisit issues regarding the statistical model calculations in the fast energy range, such as the inclusion of the direct channels, and the energy averaged cross sections using different statistical assumptions. Although they have been discussed for a long time, we need more precise quantitative investigations to understand uncertainties coming from the models deficiencies in the fast energy range. For example, the partition of compound formation cross section into the elastic and inelastic channels depends on the elastic enhancement factor calculated from the statistical models. In addition, unitarity of S-matrix constrains this partition when the direct reactions are involved. Practically some simple assumptions, which many nuclear reaction model codes adopt, may work reasonably for the nuclear data evaluations. However, the uncertainties on the evaluated cross sections cannot go lower than the model uncertainty itself. We perform numerical simulations by generating the resonances using the R-matrix theory, and compare the energy (ensemble) averaged cross sections with the statistical theories, such as the theories of Moldauer, HRTW (Hofmann, Richert, Tepel, and Weidenmueller), KKM (Kawai-Kerman-McVoy), and GOE (Gaussian orthogonal ensemble).
Kawano, Toshihiko [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Talou, Patrick [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Res-Parity: Parity Violation in Inelastic scattering at Low Q2
Parity violating electron scattering has become a well established tool which has been used, for example, to probe the Standard Model and the strange-quark contribution to the nucleon. While much of this work has focused on elastic scattering, the RES-Parity experiment, which has been proposed to take place at Jefferson Laboratory, would focus on inelastic scattering in the low-Q2, low-W domain. RES-Parity would search for evidence of quark-hadron duality and resonance structure with parity violation in the resonance region. In terms of parity violation, this region is essentially unexplored, but the interpretation of other high-precision electron scattering experiments will rely on a reasonable understanding of scattering at lower energy and low-W through the effects of radiative corrections. RES-Parity would also study nuclear effects with the weak current. Because of the intrinsic broad band energy spectrum of neutrino beams, neutrino experiments are necessarily dependent on an untested, implicit assumption that these effects are identical to electromagnetic nuclear effects. RES-Parity is a relatively straight forward experiment. With a large expected asymmetry (~ 0.5 × 10?4) these studies may be completed with in a relatively brief period.
Paul Reimer; Peter Bosted; John Arrington; Hamlet Mkrtchyan; Xiaochao Zheng
High Energy Tail of the Velocity Distribution of Driven Inelastic Gases
A model of homogeneously driven dissipative system, consisting of a collection of $N$ particles that are characterized by only their velocities, is considered. Adopting a discrete time dynamics, at each time step, a pair of velocities is randomly selected. They undergo inelastic collision with probability $p$. With probability $(1-p)$, energy of the system is changed by changing the velocities of both the particles independently according to $v\\rightarrow -r_w v +\\eta$, where $\\eta$ is a Gaussian noise drawn independently for each particle as well as at each time steps. For the case $r_w=\\pm 1$, although the energy of the system seems to saturate (indicating a steady state) after time steps of O(N), it grows linearly with time after time steps of $O(N^2)$, indicating the absence of a eventual steady state. For $ -1 injection limit, the velocity distribution is shown to be a Gaussian. For the general case, the high energy tail of the velocity distribution is shown to be again a Gaussian, with a different variance.
V. V. Prasad; Sanjib Sabhapandit; Abhishek Dhar
Inelastic processes in K^(+)- He collisions in energy range 0.7 - 10 keV
Absolute cross sections for charge exchange, ionization, stripping and excitation in K^(+) - He collisions were measured in the ion energy range 0.7 - 10 keV. The experimental data and the schematic correlation diagrams are used to analyze and determine the mechanisms for these processes. The increase of the excitation probability of inelastic channels with the angle of scattering is revealed. An exceptionally highly excited state of He is observed and a peculiarity for the excitation function of the resonance line is explained. The intensity ratio for the excitation of the K II \\lambda = 60.1 nm and \\lambda = 61.2 nm lines is 5:1 which indicates the high probability for excitation of the singlet resonance level $^{1}$P$_{1}$ compared to the triplet level $^{3}$P$_{1}$. The similarity of the population of the 4p state of the potassium ion and atom as well as the anomalously small values of the excitation cross sections are explained.
R. A. Lomsadze; M. R. Gochitashvili; R. Ya. Kezerashvili; N. O. Mosulishvili; R. Phaneuf
A new method to derive electronegativity from resonant inelastic x-ray scattering
Electronegativity is a well-known property of atoms and substituent groups. Because there is no direct way to measure it, establishing a useful scale for electronegativity often entails correlating it to another chemical parameter; a wide variety of methods have been proposed over the past 80 years to do just that. This work reports a new approach that connects electronegativity to a spectroscopic parameter derived from resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. The new method is demonstrated using a series of chlorine-containing compounds, focusing on the Cl 2p{sup -1}LUMO{sup 1} electronic states reached after Cl 1s{yields} LUMO core excitation and subsequent KL radiative decay. Based on an electron-density analysis of the LUMOs, the relative weights of the Cl 2p{sub z} atomic orbital contributing to the Cl 2p{sub 3/2} molecular spin-orbit components are shown to yield a linear electronegativity scale consistent with previous approaches.
Carniato, S.; Journel, L.; Guillemin, R.; Piancastelli, M. N.; Simon, M. [UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matiere et Rayonnement, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05 (France); CNRS, LCPMR (UMR 7614), 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Parix Cedex 05 (France); Stolte, W. C. [Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States); Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4009 (United States); Harry Reid Center for Environmental Studies, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89154-4003 (United States); Lindle, D. W. [Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States); Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4009 (United States)
''Inelastic Neutron Scattering and Periodic Density Functional Studies of Hydrogen Bonded Structures''
This project is directed at a fundamental understanding of hydrogen bonding, the primary reversible interaction leading to defined geometries, networks and supramolecular aggregates formed by organic molecules. Hydrogen bonding is still not sufficiently well understood that the geometry of such supramolecular aggregates can be predicted. In the approach taken existing quantum chemical methods capable of treating periodic solids have been applied to hydrogen bonded systems of known structure. The equilibrium geometry for the given space group and packing arrangement were computed and compared to that observed. The second derivatives and normal modes of vibration will then be computed and from this inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectra were computed using the normal mode eigenvectors to compute spectral intensities. Appropriate inclusion of spectrometer line width and shape was made in the simulation and overtones, combinations and phonon wings were be included. These computed spectra were then compared with experimental results obtained for low-temperature polycrystalline samples at INS spectrometers at several facilities. This procedure validates the computational methodology for describing these systems including both static and dynamic aspects of the material. The resulting description can be used to evaluate the relative free energies of two or more proposed structures and so ultimately to be able to predict which structure will be most stable for a given building block.
Bruce S. Hudson
Office of Legacy Management (LM)
DEVELOPMENT OF A SUPPLEMENTAL RESIDUAL CONTAMINATION GUIDELINE DEVELOPMENT OF A SUPPLEMENTAL RESIDUAL CONTAMINATION GUIDELINE FOR THE NFSS CENTRAL DRAINAGE DITCH DECEMBER 1986 Prepared for UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OAK RIDGE OPERATIONS OFFICE Under Contract No. DE-AC05-81OR20722 By Bechtel National, Inc. Oak Ridge, Tennessee Bechtel Job No. 14501 I 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 1.1 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE The objective of this report is to describe the methodology used for establishing a supplemental residual contamination guideline for the NFSS vicinity property known as the Central Drainage Ditch (CDD). Supplemental guidelines may exceed authorized guidelines if the resultant dose will not exceed the DOE radiation protection standard of 100 mrem/yr (Ref. 1). This evaluation is based on realistic exposure pathways that were
System and method for measuring residual stress
The present invention is a method and system for determining the residual stress within an elastic object. In the method, an elastic object is cut along a path having a known configuration. The cut creates a portion of the object having a new free surface. The free surface then deforms to a contour which is different from the path. Next, the contour is measured to determine how much deformation has occurred across the new free surface. Points defining the contour are collected in an empirical data set. The portion of the object is then modeled in a computer simulator. The points in the empirical data set are entered into the computer simulator. The computer simulator then calculates the residual stress along the path which caused the points within the object to move to the positions measured in the empirical data set. The calculated residual stress is then presented in a useful format to an analyst.
Prime, Michael B. (Los Alamos, NM)
Study on Residual Current Protective Strategy Based on Network
Residual current protective devices play an important role in electrical safety engineering. When dangerous residual current occurs, automatic disconnection of power supply can prevent dangerous residual currents which may cause burns, fires and electrocution. ... Keywords: residual current device, discrimination protection, fieldbus, protective strategy
Yue Dawei; Li Kui; Wang Yao; Wang Jibo
DOE/EA-1636: Finding of No Significant Impact for the Albany-Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project EA (March 2009)
Albany-Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project Albany-Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) and Floodplain Statement of Findings DOE/EA-1636 Summary The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) announces its environmental findings on the Albany- Burnt Woods and Santiam-Toledo Pole Replacement Project. This project involves replacing wood pole structures on the existing Albany-Burnt Woods single-circuit, 115-kilovolt (kV) transmission line and along a portion of the existing Santiam-Toledo single circuit, 230-kV transmission line. BPA has prepared an environmental assessment (DOE/EA-1636) evaluating the proposed project and its alternative. Based on the analysis in the EA, BPA has determined that the Proposed Action is not a major federal action significantly affecting the quality of the human environment, within the
We present the first three-frequency South Pole Telescope (SPT) cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra. The band powers presented here cover angular scales 2000 < l < 9400 in frequency bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. At these frequencies and angular scales, a combination of the primary CMB anisotropy, thermal and kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effects, radio galaxies, and cosmic infrared background (CIB) contributes to the signal. We combine Planck/HFI and SPT data at 220 GHz to constrain the amplitude and shape of the CIB power spectrum and find strong evidence for nonlinear clustering. We explore the SZ results using a variety of cosmological models for the CMB and CIB anisotropies and find them to be robust with one exception: allowing for spatial correlations between the thermal SZ effect and CIB significantly degrades the SZ constraints. Neglecting this potential correlation, we find the thermal SZ power at 150 GHz and l = 3000 to be 3.65 {+-} 0.69 {mu}K{sup 2}, and set an upper limit on the kinetic SZ power to be less than 2.8 {mu}K{sup 2} at 95% confidence. When a correlation between the thermal SZ and CIB is allowed, we constrain a linear combination of thermal and kinetic SZ power: D{sup tSZ}{sub 3000} + 0.5D{sub 3000}{sup kSZ} = 4.60 {+-} 0.63 {mu}K{sup 2}, consistent with earlier measurements. We use the measured thermal SZ power and an analytic, thermal SZ model calibrated with simulations to determine {sigma}{sub 8} = 0.807 {+-} 0.016. Modeling uncertainties involving the astrophysics of the intracluster medium rather than the statistical uncertainty in the measured band powers are the dominant source of uncertainty on {sigma}{sub 8}. We also place an upper limit on the kinetic SZ power produced by patchy reionization; a companion paper uses these limits to constrain the reionization history of the universe.
Reichardt, C. L.; George, E. M.; Holzapfel, W. L. [Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Shaw, L. [Department of Physics, Yale University, P.O. Box 208210, New Haven, CT 06520-8120 (United States); Zahn, O. [Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, Department of Physics, University of California, and Lawrence Berkeley National Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Aird, K. A. [University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States); Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Hoover, S. [Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States); Cho, H. M. [NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, CO 80305 (United States); De Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Dudley, J.; Holder, G. P. [Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8 (Canada); Halverson, N. W. [Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 (United States); Hou, Z., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physics, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (United States); and others
A critical review of residual stress technology
The current technology for evaluating residual in materials has been critically reviewed from the perspective of LLNL needs. The primary technique available continues to be x-ray diffraction (XRD). Substantial analytical and experimental refinements have been made in the past decade. An especially promising development in XRD is the use of energy dispersive spectroscopy for evaluating triaxial stress. This would provide an alternative to neutron diffraction, a technique limited to a relatively small number of outside laboratories. Recent research in residual stress measurement using ultrasonics have concentrated on shear wave techniques. Substantial progress has been made in the use of electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMAT's), surface waves, corrections for texture, and, of special interest to LLNL, the ability to characterize interfacial stress. Strain gages and related technologies continue to be actively used in field measurements of residual stress, although there is generally some destructive nature to those techniques. An increased use of multiple technique approaches to residual stress evaluation is occurring for the purposes of both verification and complementary measurements. Among a number of miscellaneous techniques found in the recent literature are several involving the use of stress-sensitive magnetic properties and an especially promising use of the thermoelastic effect for noncontact stress mapping. Recommendations for LLNL activity include energy dispersive XRD, ultrasonics characterization of anisotropy and interfacial stress, and investigation of the thermoelastic effect. 57 refs.
Shackelford, J.F.; Brown, B.D.
Immobilization of Rocky Flats Graphite Fines Residues
The Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) is developing an immobilization process for graphite fines residues generated during nuclear materials production activities at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (Rocky Flats). The continued storage of this material has been identified as an item of concern. The residue was generated during the cleaning of graphite casting molds and potentially contains reactive plutonium metal. The average residue composition is 73 wt percent graphite, 15 wt percent calcium fluoride (CaF2), and 12 wt percent plutonium oxide (PuO2). Approximately 950 kilograms of this material are currently stored at Rocky Flats. The strategy of the immobilization process is to microencapsulate the residue by mixing with a sodium borosilicate (NBS) glass frit and heating at nominally 700 degrees C. The resulting waste form would be sent to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) for disposal. Since the PuO2 concentration in the residue averages 12 wt percent, the immobilization process was required to meet the intent of safeguards termination criteria by limiting plutonium recoverability based on a test developed by Rocky Flats. The test required a plutonium recovery of less than 4 g/kg of waste form when a sample was leached using a nitric acid/CaF2 dissolution flowsheet. Immobilization experiments were performed using simulated graphite fines with cerium oxide (CeO2) as a surrogate for PuO2 and with actual graphite fines residues. Small-scale surrogate experiments demonstrated that a 4:1 frit to residue ratio was adequate to prevent recovery of greater than 4 g/kg of cerium from simulated waste forms. Additional experiments investigated the impact of varying concentrations of CaF2 and the temperature/heating time cycle on the cerium recovery. Optimal processing conditions developed during these experiments were subsequently demonstrated at full-scale with surrogate materials and on a smaller scale using actual graphite fines.In general, the recovery of cerium from the full-scale waste forms was higher than for smaller scale experiments. The presence of CaF2 also caused a dramatic increase in cerium recovery not seen in the small-scale experiments. However, the results from experiments with actual graphite fines were encouraging. A 4:1 frit to residue ratio, a temperature of 700 degrees C, and a 2 hr heating time produced waste forms with plutonium recoveries of 4 plus/minus 1 g/kg. With an increase in the frit to residue ratio, waste forms fabricated at this scale should meet the Rocky Flats product specification. The scale-up of the waste form fabrication process to nominally 3 kg is expected to require a 5:1 to 6:1 frit to residue ratio and maintaining the waste form centerline temperature at 700 degrees C for 2 hr.
Rudisill, T. S.
Distributed rate allocation for inelastic flows: Optimization frameworks, optimality conditions, and optimal algorithms
Abstract—A common assumption behind the recent surge in research activities on network utility maximization is that the traffic flows are elastic, which implies that the utility functions are concave and there are no hard limits on the rate allocated to each flow. These critical assumptions lead to the tractability of the analytic models of utility maximization, but also limits the applicability of the resulting rate allocation protocols. This paper focuses on inelastic flows and removes these restrictive and often invalid assumptions. We present several optimization frameworks, optimality conditions, and optimal algorithms. First we consider nonconcave utility functions, which turn utility maximization into nonconvex, constrained optimization problems that are well-known to be extremely difficult. We first show a surprising result that under certain conditions, the standard pricing algorithm for rate allocation will still converge to the globally optimal rate allocation. When the existing distributed algorithm fails, we present a new algorithm that produces the globally optimal rate allocation, with the worst case complexity being polynomial time in the number of users but exponential time in the number of links. In the second part of the paper, we provide a general problem formulation of rate allocation among time-sensitive flows from real-time and streaming applications, as well as a decomposition into subproblems coordinated by pricing. After simplifying the subproblems by leveraging the optimization structures, we highlight the difficult issues of causality and time-scale, and propose an effective pricing-based heuristics for admission control and an optimal algorithm for a special case formulation.
Mung Chiang; Shengyu Zhang; Prashanth H
Recovery of recyclable materials from shredder residue
Each year, about 11 million tons of metals (ferrous and nonferrous) are recovered in the US from about 10 million discarded automobiles. The recovered metals account for about 75% of the total weight of the discarded vehicles. The balance of the material or shredder residue, which amounts to about 3 million tons annually, is currently landfilled. The residue contains a diversity of potentially recyclable materials, including polyurethane foams, iron oxides, and certain thermoplastics. This paper discusses a process under development at Argonne National Laboratory to separate and recover the recyclable materials from this waste stream. The process consists essentially of two-stages. First, a physical separation is used to recover the foams and the metal oxides, followed by a chemical process to extract certain thermoplastics. Status of the technology is discussed and process economics reviewed.
Jody, B.J.; Daniels, E.J.; Bonsignore, P.V.; Brockmeier, N.F.
Residual stress determination using strain gage measurements
A strain gage technique, which relates the prior residual stress state in a material to the strain data obtained by fixing a strain gage on one surface and grinding off the other, has been proposed previously. In the current work, a generalized solution for obtaining an arbitrary residual stress profile from strain gage data is presented. Numerical analysis using the solution indicates that the formulation is insensitive to random errors of 10% or less in the experimental data. Based on the results of the analysis, a procedure for determining stress profiles from strain gage data is outlined. Experimental data for tempered glass was analyzed using the technique proposed. The stress profiles predicted are in good agreement with independent observations using indentation and strength data.
Tandon, R.; Green, D.J. (Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (US))
Controlling Residual Stresses by Heat Sink Welding
Results are described of a combined finite element and pipe welding study in which the welding and heat sink parameters required to optimize fast pass heat sink welding (LPHSW) were identified and evaluated in analytic and experimental tasks. Also discussed is the application of an elastic-plastic finite element computer code model to evaluate and optimize the LPHSW process and to verify the results through residual stress measurements on LPHSW pipes.
Determining the electron-phonon coupling strength from Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering at transition metal L-edges
We show that high-resolution Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) provides direct, element-specific and momentum-resolved information on the electron-phonon (e-p) coupling strength. Our theoretical analysis indicates how the e-p coupling can be extracted from RIXS spectra by determining the differential phonon scattering cross-section. An alternative manner to extract the coupling is to use the one- and two-phonon loss ratio, which is governed by the e-p coupling strength and the core-hole lifetime. This allows the determination of the e-p coupling on an absolute energy scale.
Ament, L.J.P.; van Veenendaal, M.; van den Brink, J. (Leiden); (NIU); (IFW Dresden)
A setup for resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering on liquids at free electron laser light sources
We present a flexible and compact experimental setup that combines an in vacuum liquid jet with an x-ray emission spectrometer to enable static and femtosecond time-resolved resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering (RIXS) measurements from liquids at free electron laser (FEL) light sources. We demonstrate the feasibility of this type of experiments with the measurements performed at the Linac Coherent Light Source FEL facility. At the FEL we observed changes in the RIXS spectra at high peak fluences which currently sets a limit to maximum attainable count rate at FELs. The setup presented here opens up new possibilities to study the structure and dynamics in liquids.
Kunnus, Kristjan; Schreck, Simon; Foehlisch, Alexander [Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin (Germany); Institut fuer Physik und Astronomie, Universitaet Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24/25, 14476 Potsdam (Germany); Rajkovic, Ivan; Quevedo, Wilson; Gruebel, Sebastian; Scholz, Mirko [IFG Structural Dynamics of (Bio)chemical Systems, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37070 Goettingen (Germany); Eckert, Sebastian; Beye, Martin; Suljoti, Edlira; Weniger, Christian; Wernet, Philippe [Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin (Germany); Kalus, Christian [Abteilung Betrieb Beschleuniger BESSYII, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin (Germany); Nordlund, Dennis [Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 (United States); Zhang, Wenkai; Hartsock, Robert W.; Gaffney, Kelly J. [PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 (United States); Schlotter, William F.; Turner, Joshua J. [Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 (United States); Kennedy, Brian [MAX-lab, PO Box 118, 221 00 Lund (Sweden); and others
Polarization Dependence of L- and M-Edge Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering in Transition-Metal Compounds
The resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) cross section at the L and M edges of transition-metal compounds is studied using an effective scattering operator. The intensities of the elastic peak and for spin-flip processes are derived. It is shown how the polarization dependence can be used to select transitions. Comparisons are made with experiment. A detailed analysis of the polarization and angular dependence of L- and M-edge RIXS for divalent copper compounds, such as the high-T{sub c} superconductors, is given.
van Veenendaal, Michel (ANL/NIU)
Ultrabroadband optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier using a fan-out periodically poled crystal with spectral spatial dispersion
Based on the full two-dimensional characteristics of the quasi-phase-matched fan-out periodically poled crystal, a scalable and engineerable scheme for ultrabroadband optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification is proposed, which can significantly broaden the gain bandwidth by the spatial separation of different frequency components of the signal pulse and manipulation of the distribution of the pump beam along the fan-out direction of the crystal. The theoretical analysis shows that the signal pulse can be amplified with minimal spectrum narrowing, and the initial spectrum can be broadened considerably if needed. Based on this scheme, using a fan-out periodically poled 5% mol MgO-doped congruent lithium niobate with a configuration of 5x0.5x5 mm{sup 3} and two pump beams, the 3.3-{mu}m middle-infrared ultrabroadband optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier is designed. The numerical computation results confirm that the -3 dB gain bandwidth of this amplifier exceeds 320 nm and can be further broadened.
Chen Liezun; Wang Youwen [Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082 (China); Department of Physics and Electronic Information Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421008 (China); Wen Shuangchun; Fan Dianyuan [Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082 (China); You Kaiming [Department of Physics and Electronic Information Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421008 (China); Qian Liejia [Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China)
N/z equilibration in deep inelastic collisions and the fragmentation of the resulting quasiprojectiles
When target and projectile nuclei have a difference in neutron to proton ratio (N/Z), the quasiprojectiles formed in a deep inelastic collision (DIC) should have a mean N/Z between the N/Z of the target and the N/Z of the projectile, depending on the amount of N/Z equilibration that occurred. Data from six reaction systems at two beam energies (32 and 45 MeV/nucleon) were collected. The systems in order of increasing difference between target and projectile N/Z (shown in parentheses) are 40Ar + 112Sn (�N/Z = 0.018), 48Ca + 124Sn (�N/Z = 0.080), 48Ca + 112Sn (�N/Z = 0.160), 40Ca + 112Sn (�N/Z = 0.240), 40Ar + 124Sn (�N/Z = 0.258) and 40Ca + 124Sn (�N/Z = 0.480). The quasiprojectile N/Z was determined by two techniques. The first technique used the isotopically resolved fragments to reconstruct the quasiprojectile N/Z. The second technique, developed in this thesis, used fragment yield ratios and a simple equation to simultaneously fit all six systems to determine the quasiprojectile N/Z. Simulations and a filter of the FAUST (Forward Array Using Silicon Technology) acceptance were used to calculate neutron loss; this accounted for the difference between the two techniques. To study the fragmentation of quasiprojectiles the fragment yields were used to calculate the isobaric, isotopic, fractional and mean N/Z yields. The results showed that as neutron richness increased, more neutron-rich fragments were produced. In addition observation showed evidence for an inhomogeneous distribution of N/Z between the light charged particles (LCPs Z less than 3) and intermediate mass fragments (IMFs Z greater than 2). The theoretical results, which used different values of the symmetry energy, were compared to experimental data to determine which symmetry energy best represents the experimental data. The comparison showed the experimental data was the overall best fit with a lower value of the symmetry energy. These results were not conclusive and further investigation is required.
Keksis, August Lawrence
1-D Transforms for the Motion Compensation Residual
Transforms used in image coding are also commonly used to compress prediction residuals in video coding. Prediction residuals have different spatial characteristics from images, and it is useful to develop transforms that ...
Kamisli, Fatih
Scientists detect residue that has hindered efficiency of promising...
detect residue that has hindered efficiency of promising type of solar cell By Jared Sagoff * May 3, 2013 Tweet EmailPrint LEMONT, Ill. - Drivers who have ever noticed a residue on...
Directional wavelet transforms for prediction residuals in video coding
Various directional transforms have been developed recently to improve image compression. In video compression, however, prediction residuals of image intensities, such as the motion compensation residual or the resolution ...
Residual Fuel Demand - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
In the 1986 to 1991 period, residual fuel oil demand declined only slightly both in absolute and as a percent of total product demand. While not shown, residual fuel ...
In-Situ Method for Treating Residual Sodium
A unique process for deactivating residual sodium in Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) systems which uses humidified (but not saturated) carbon dioxide at ambient temperature and pressure to convert residual sodium into solid sodium bicarbonate.
Sherman, Steven R.; Henslee, S. Paul
Residual Stress Tensor in a Compact Tension Weld Specimen
Presentation Title, Residual Stress Tensor in a Compact Tension Weld Specimen ... austenitic stainless steel (Esshete 1250) compact tension weld specimen.
Colorado Refinery Catalytic Hydrotreating, Other/Residual Fuel Oil ...
Colorado Refinery Catalytic Hydrotreating, Other/Residual Fuel Oil Downstream Charge Capacity as of January 1 (Barrels per Stream Day)
We perform numerical experiments to investigate the influence of inelastic neutrino reactions with light nuclei on the standing accretion shock instability (SASI). The time evolution of shock waves is calculated with a simple light-bulb approximation for the neutrino transport and a multi-nuclei equation of state. The neutrino absorptions and inelastic interactions with deuterons, tritons, helions, and alpha particles are taken into account in the hydrodynamical simulations. In addition, the effects of ordinary charged-current interactions with nucleons is addressed in the simulations. Axial symmetry is assumed but no equatorial symmetry is imposed. We show that the heating rates of deuterons reach as high as {approx}10% of those of nucleons around the bottom of the gain region. On the other hand, alpha particles are heated near the shock wave, which is important when the shock wave expands and the density and temperature of matter become low. It is also found that the models with heating by light nuclei evolve differently in the non-linear phase of SASI than do models that lack heating by light nuclei. This result is because matter in the gain region has a varying density and temperature and therefore sub-regions appear that are locally rich in deuterons and alpha particles. Although the light nuclei are never dominant heating sources and they work favorably for shock revival in some cases and unfavorably in other cases, they are non-negligible and warrant further investigation.
Furusawa, Shun; Nagakura, Hiroki; Yamada, Shoichi [Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1, Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555 (Japan); Sumiyoshi, Kohsuke, E-mail: email@example.com [Numazu College of Technology, Ooka 3600, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-8501 (Japan)
The influence of inelastic neutrino reactions with light nuclei on the standing accretion shock instability in core-collapse supernovae
We perform numerical experiments to investigate the influence of inelastic neutrino reactions with light nuclei on the standing accretion shock instability (SASI). The time evolution of shock waves is calculated with a simple light-bulb approximation for the neutrino transport and a multi-nuclei equation of state. The neutrino absorptions and inelastic interactions with deuterons, tritons, helions and alpha particles are taken into account in the hydrodynamical simulations in addition to the ordinary charged-current interactions with nucleons. Axial symmetry is assumed but no equatorial symmetry is imposed. We show that the heating rates of deuterons reach as high as 10% of those of nucleons around the bottom of the gain region. On the other hand, alpha particles are heated near the shock wave, which is important when the shock wave expands and the density and temperature of matter become low. It is also found that the models with heating by light nuclei have different evolutions from those without it in the non-linear phase of SASI. This results is because matter in the gain region has a varying density and temperature and there appear sub-regions that are locally rich in deuterons and alpha particles. Although the light nuclei are never dominant heating sources and they work favorably for shock revival in some cases and unfavorably in other cases, they are non-negligible and warrant further investigation.
Shun Furusawa; Hiroki Nagakura; Kohsuke Sumiyoshi; Shoichi Yamada
Status report on the analysis of inelastic neutron scattering from carbon, iron, yttrium and lead at 96 MeV
This work is part of an effort to provide more experimental data for the (n,n'x) reaction. The experiments were carried out at The Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala, Sweden, at the quasi-mono-energetic neutron beam of 96 MeV, before the facility was upgraded in 2004. Using an extended data analysis of data primarily intended for measuring elastic neutron scattering only, it was found to be possible to extract information on the inelastic scattering from several nuclei. In the preliminary data analysis, an iterative forward-folding technique was applied, in which a physically reasonable trial spectrum was folded with the response function of the detector system and the output was compared to the experimental data. As a result, double-differential cross sections and angular distributions of inelastic neutron scattering from 12-C, 56-Fe, 89-Y and 208-Pb could be obtained. In this paper, a status update on the efforts to improve the description of the detector response function is given.
C. Gustavsson; C. Hellesen; S. Pomp; A. Öhrn; J. Blomgren; U. Tippawan
Kaisheng Biomass Residue Power Co Ltd | Open Energy Information
Kaisheng Biomass Residue Power Co Ltd Kaisheng Biomass Residue Power Co Ltd Jump to: navigation, search Name Kaisheng Biomass Residue Power Co., Ltd. Place Nanping City, Fujian Province, China Zip 365001 Sector Biomass Product Chinese developer of a CDM registered biomass plant. References Kaisheng Biomass Residue Power Co., Ltd.[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Kaisheng Biomass Residue Power Co., Ltd. is a company located in Nanping City, Fujian Province, China . References ↑ "[ Kaisheng Biomass Residue Power Co., Ltd.]" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Kaisheng_Biomass_Residue_Power_Co_Ltd&oldid=347879" Categories: Clean Energy Organizations
Microsoft Word - CX-Chehalis-OlympiaChehalis-MayfieldLewisCoWoodPolesFY12_WEB.doc
2 2 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR/Olympia SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Lee Webb Ryan Brady Line Foreman III - TFOF-Olympia TFOK-Chehalis - Line Foreman III Proposed Action: Wood pole structure replacements on the Chehalis-Olympia No. 1 and Chehalis-Mayfield No. 1, 115-kV transmission lines PP&A Project No.: 2370 & 2373, Work Order # 298130, 298138, and 297997 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance activities... Location: The subject transmission lines are located in Lewis and Thurston counties, Washington, in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Olympia Maintenance District. The transmission line right-of-way (ROW) corridors cross public and privately-owned lands that
Microsoft Word - CX-GrandCouleeDistrictWoodPoleReplacementsAccessRoadsFY13_WEB.doc
KEPR-Bell-1 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Todd Wehner Civil Design/Access Roads - TELF-TPP-3 James Semrau Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement, equipment landing construction, and access road improvements along various transmission lines in Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA) Grand Coulee District. PP&A Project No.: 2152 (Grand Coulee-Chief Joseph No. 1), 2151 (Grand Coulee-Chief Joseph No. 2), 2121 (Grand Coulee-Foster Creek No. 1) and 1776 (Grand Coulee-Okanogan No. 2) Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Douglas and Okanogan counties, Washington. Refer to table below for project locations: Line Name Structure Township Range Section County
We compare cosmic microwave background lensing convergence maps derived from South Pole Telescope (SPT) data with galaxy survey data from the Blanco Cosmology Survey, WISE, and a new large Spitzer/IRAC field designed to overlap with the SPT survey. Using optical and infrared catalogs covering between 17 and 68 deg{sup 2} of sky, we detect a correlation between the SPT convergence maps and each of the galaxy density maps at >4{sigma}, with zero correlation robustly ruled out in all cases. The amplitude and shape of the cross-power spectra are in good agreement with theoretical expectations and the measured galaxy bias is consistent with previous work. The detections reported here utilize a small fraction of the full 2500 deg{sup 2} SPT survey data and serve as both a proof of principle of the technique and an illustration of the potential of this emerging cosmological probe.
Bleem, L. E.; Becker, M. R.; Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T. [Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States); Van Engelen, A.; Holder, G. P.; De Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A. [Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8 (Canada); Aird, K. A. [University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States); Armstrong, R. [National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, IL 61801 (United States); Ashby, M. L. N. [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Biesiadzinski, T. [Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (United States); Brodwin, M. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, 5110 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, MO 64110 (United States); Busha, M. T. [Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Zuerich, Zuerich (Switzerland); Cho, H. M. [NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway, Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, CO 80305 (United States); Desai, S. [Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 Muenchen (Germany); Dore, O. [Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, MS 249-17, 1216 East California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); and others
A NSGA-II algorithm for the residue-residue contact prediction
We present a multi-objective evolutionary approach to predict protein contact maps. The algorithm provides a set of rules, inferring whether there is contact between a pair of residues or not. Such rules are based on a set of specific amino acid properties. ... Keywords: contact map, multi-objective evolutionary computation, protein structure prediction
Alfonso E. Márquez-Chamorro; Federico Divina; Jesús S. Aguilar-Ruiz; Jaume Bacardit; Gualberto Asencio-Cortés; Cosme E. Santiesteban-Toca
Inelastic hosts as electrodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries Kejie Zhao, Matt Pharr, Joost J. Vlassak, and Zhigang Suoa
Inelastic hosts as electrodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries Kejie Zhao, Matt Pharr, Joost for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries. Upon absorbing lithium, silicon swells several times its volume strength. © 2011 American Institute of Physics. doi:10.1063/1.3525990 Lithium-ion batteries
JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE Colloque C4, suppltfment au no 4, Tome 40, avril 1979, page C4-31 Magnetic inelastic scattering in uranium nitride
inelastic scattering in uranium nitride T. M. Holden, E. C. Svensson, W. J. L. Buyers and G. H. Lander, Illinois, U.S.A. RCsumC. -De tous les pnictures d'uranium de structure cubique, le nitrure d'uranium pour la comprBhensionde la structure tlectronique de l'ion uranium comme des ions actinides en gkn
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Book Review published on American Scientist Vol. 84, 406 (1996). Elastic and Inelastic Scattering in Electron Diffraction and Imaging , Zhong Lin Wang
Book Review published on American Scientist Vol. 84, 406 (1996). Elastic and Inelastic Scattering is frequently the method of choice. This book is a noteworthy contribution to the literature of electron, and summarizes the elastic scattering theory succinctly in the first quarter of the book. The coverage
Wang, Zhong L.
Measurement and correlation of conditions for entrapment and mobilization of residual oil. Final report
Six tasks are reported: capillary number relationships for rock samples, residual oil saturation near wellbore, residual oil structure, effect of gravity on residual saturation, magnitude of residual oil saturation, and effects of wettability on capillary number relationships. (DLC)
Morrow, N.R.
Deployment of a Tethered-Balloon System for Microphysics and Radiative Measurements in Mixed-Phase Clouds at Ny-Ĺlesund and South Pole
A tethered-balloon system capable of making microphysical and radiative measurements in clouds is described and examples of measurements in boundary layer stratus clouds in the Arctic and at the South Pole are presented. A 43-m3 helium-filled ...
R. Paul Lawson; Knut Stamnes; Jakob Stamnes; Pat Zmarzly; Jeff Koskuliks; Chris Roden; Qixu Mo; Michael Carrithers; Geoffrey L. Bland
TRUPACT-II residue pipe payload container
This paper summarizes the project to develop, test and certify a new payload container for the TRUPACT-II, a Type B packaging for the shipment of transuranic waste. The new payload container will provide segregation of plutonium waste materials within the TRUPACT-II. This segregation of fissile contents will support a new criticality safety analysis that may allow an increase in the TRUPACT-II Pu-239 Fissile Gram Equivalent (FGE) limit from 325 grams to 2800 grams. The need for this project was brought about by the end of the Cold War and the resulting shift in value of plutonium residues from providing recoverable Defense Program material to being considered disposable waste. This paper will not cover many of the details of the project but will instead aim to provide a general picture of all the project activities.
Geinitz, R. [Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, Golden, CO (United States); Gregory, P. [Westinghouse Electric Corp., Carlsbad, NM (United States). Waste Isolation Div.
A unified view of coherent and incoherent dihydrogen exchange in transition metal hydrides by nuclear resonance and inelastic neutron scattering
In this paper a unified view of coherent and incoherent dihydrogen exchange in transition metal hydrides by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS) is presented. It is shown that both exchange processes coexist i.e. do not transform into each other although they may dominate the spectra in different temperature ranges. This superposition is the consequence of the incorporation of the tunnel frequency J of the coherent process into the nuclear two-spin hamiltonian of hydrogen pairs which allows to treat the problem using the well known density matrix theory of NMR line-shapes developed by Alexander and Binsch. It is shown that this theory can also be used to predict the line-shapes of the rotational tunneling transitions observed in the INS spectra of transition metal dihydrogen complexes and that both NMR and INS spectra depend on similar parameters.
Limbach, H.H.; Ulrich, S.; Buntkowsky, G. [Freie Univ. Berlin (Germany). Inst. fuer Organische Chemie; Sabo-Etienne, S.; Chaudret, B. [Toulouse-3 Univ., 31 (France). Lab. de Chimie de Coordination du C.N.R.S.; Kubas, G.J.; Eckert, J. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)
Effect of muon-nuclear inelastic scattering on high-energy atmospheric muon spectrum at large depth underwater
The energy spectra of hadron cascade showers produced by the cosmic ray muons travelling through water as well as the muon energy spectra underwater at the depth up to 4 km are calculated with two models of muon inelastic scattering on nuclei, the recent hybrid model (two-component, 2C) and the well-known generalized ector-meson-dominance model for the comparison. The 2C model involves photonuclear interactions at low and moderate virtualities as well as the hard scattering including the weak neutral current processes. For the muon scattering off nuclei substantial uclear effects, shadowing, nuclear binding and Fermi motion of nucleons are taken into account. It is shown that deep nderwater muon energy spectrum calculated with the 2C model are noticeably distorted at energies above 100 TeV as compared to that obtained with the GVMD model.
S. I. Sinegovsky; A. Misaki; K. S. Lokhtin; N. Takahashi
Sinegovsky, S I; Lokhtin, K S; Takahashi, N
Leaching hierarchies in co-combustion residues
The leaching propensities from co-combustion residues of 10 trace elements (Be, V, Cr, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Ba, Hg, Pb) were evaluated. Eight fuels varying from coal blends to coal and secondary fuel mixtures to ternary mixtures were co-combusted in two reactor configurations and at two temperatures (850 and 950{sup o}C). The ash was subjected to a miniaturized toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) developed for this study, and the trace element content in the leachate was analyzed, andpercentage retentions of elements in the ashes and leachates were calculated. Hg and Se were almost completely volatilized during combustion and, therefore, were largely absent from the ashes, in all cases. For the other trace elements, it was not possible to establish a hierarchy of relative trace-element retention. Retention was primarily a function of the combustion method, with no clear effect of temperature retention being observed. The measured trace-element retentions were compared to those predicted by thermodynamic equilibrium modeling, using the MTDATA software. The model successfully predicted the measured values in many cases; however, many anomalies were also noted. From trace-element analysis in the leachates, an extent-of-leaching hierarchy could be established. The elements that underwent low degrees of leaching were Zn, Hg, Pb, low to moderate leaching were Be, Cr, and Cd, and thoseleached to a greater extent were V, As, Se, and Ba. This hierarchy was observed for all fuels and conditions studied. Leaching was found to be a strong function of the combustion temperature and combustion method. When assessing the potential toxicity of leachate from co-combustion residues, Zn, Hg, and Pb may be deemed of least concern, while a greater emphasis should be placed in mitigating the release of the remaining elements. 18 refs., 7 tabs.
A. George; D.R. Dugwell; R. Kandiyoti [Imperial College London, London (United Kingdom). Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology
Inelastic x-ray scattering study of supercooled liquid and solid silicon.
Momentum-resolved inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) technique is one of the powerful methods for the study of dynamical properties of a given system even in extreme conditions like high temperature and high pressure. At the same time, experimental studies of physical and structural properties of liquids have multiplied in recent years with the advent of containerless techniques. These methods reduce the possibility of contamination of specimens and remove external nucleation sites. Therefore, by combining the IXS method with the levitation method, the dynamical properties of stable liquids up to 3000 K and supercooled phase of liquids can be studied. Silicon is a basic material in the semiconductor industry and has been the subject of a large amount of experimental and theoretical studies over a long time. In the crystalline phase at ambient conditions, silicon is a diamond-structured semiconductor, but upon melting it undergoes a semiconductor-to-metal transition accompanied by significant changes in the structure and density. The coordination number increases from 4 in the solid to about 6.5 in the liquid, and liquid density is increased by about 10%. The principal purpose of the present study was to determine silicon's elastic modulus from the measurement of averaged sound speed determined from IXS. The experiments were carried out at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) beamline 3-ID with a high-resolution monochromator consisting of two nested channel-cut crystals and four backscattering analyzer setups in the horizontal scattering plane 6 m from the sample. The requirements for very high energy resolution and the basic principles of such instrumentation are discussed elsewhere as referenced. The levitation apparatus was enclosed in a bell jar specially designed for backscattering geometry with a separation of 10 cm between the sample and the detector. Silicon spheres of 2 to 3 mm in diameter were suspended in an argon gas jet and heated with a 270 W CO{sub 2} laser beam. Temperatures were measured during the experiment with a pyrometer whose operating wavelength was 0.65 {micro}m. The temperature gradient on the sample was estimated to be about +/- 20 K. The energy scans were taken for supercooled-liquid and hot-solid silicon at temperature T=1620 K. Sound velocities were determined from the initial slope of the excitation frequencies. Then, the longitudinal moduli for hotsolid and supercooled-liquid silicon were calculated from L = v{sub L}{sup 2}{rho} using measured velocities. In these calculations, density values were taken from Ohsaka et al. as referenced. Results are presented in Table 1. together with room-temperature, hot-solid single-crystal measurements, and stable-liquid values. Room-temperature longitudinal moduli were calculated from the values of the single-crystal elastic constants. They were measured between 300 K and 870 K. Since there was no phase transition up to temperature 1620 K for hot-solid silicon, it is reasonable to extrapolate these data to 1620 K in order to compare to our results for the hot solid. A significant difference (about 20%) is observed between our measurement and the extrapolated single-crystal value of the longitudinal modulus for solid silicon at temperature 1620K. This reduction of the longitudinal modulus may be an indication of the pre-melting. The factor of more than two change in the elastic modulus between supercooled liquid and hot solid at the same temperature can be attributed to the semiconductor-to-metal transition in silicon associated with melting. Also, the longitudinal modulus of the stable liquid is reported in Table 1. About a 10% difference is observed between the modulus of the supercooled and the stable liquid silicon. This can be interpreted as silicon still maintaining metallic properties with a significant increase in the degree of the directional bonding upon supercooling, as found in the x-ray diffraction and ab initio MD studies. All these results are discussed in reference.
Alatas, A.; Said, A.; Sinn, H.; Alp, E.E.; Kodituwakku, C.N.; Saboungi, M.L.; Price, D.L.; X-Ray Science Division; Western Michigan Univ.; Purdue Univ.; CRMD-CNRS; CRMHT-CNRS
California's program converts biomass residues to energy
This paper provides a brief introduction to the emerging biomass fuel industry in California and includes descriptions of California's biomass potential, California's biomass development program, and legislation that expands the state's developmental efforts in biomass commercialization. California's agriculture and forest industries residues were discussed. These residues can be converted to energy, and now, through California's aggressive development program, more residues will be converted. (DP)
Ward, P.F.
Residual Stress Determination in Cast Bi-Metallic Joints
In-Situ Neutron Diffraction and Crystal Plasticity Modeling of a-Uranium · In-Situ Studies of the ... Thermal Residual Stresses and Strains in Depleted Uranium.
Hot Isostatic Pressing of Chlorine-Containing Plutonium Residues ...
Abstract Scope, Some of the plutonium residues wastes at Sellafield contain ... Effect of Alloy Composition on the Environmental cracking of Nickel Alloys in ...
Investigation of carbon residue from pyrolyzed scrap tires.
??The objectives of this study are: (1) Blending the Conrad residue with coal-derived pitches and its effect on the pitch properties. (2) The activation of… (more)
Bandlamudi, Bhagat Chandra.
Wet Gasification of Ethanol Residue: A Preliminary Assessment
A preliminary technoeconomic assessment has been made of several options for the application of catalytic hydrothermal gasification (wet gasification) to ethanol processing residues.
Brown, Michael D.; Elliott, Douglas C.
Wisconsin Residual Fuel Oil Prices by Sales Type
-No Data Reported; --= Not Applicable; NA = Not Available; W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. Notes: Values of U.S. residual ...
Determination of Aluminum Rolling Oil and Machinery Oil Residues ...
Presentation Title, Determination of Aluminum Rolling Oil and Machinery Oil Residues on Aluminum Sheet and Foil by Using Elemental Analysis and Fourier ...
residual fuel oil - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Residual fuel oil: A general classification for the heavier oils, known as No. 5 and No. 6 fuel oils, that remain after the distillate fuel oils and lighter ...
Implementing Residue Chippers On Harvesting Operation for Biomass Recovery.
??Three operations that implemented a small residue chipper on their conventional logging operations were studied in 2006. Two of the jobs were thinning operations, the… (more)
Aulakh, Jaspreet
Plastic Strain and Residual Stress Distributions in an AISI 304 ...
Effect of DH Concentration on Crud Deposition on Heated Zircaloy-4 in .... and Residual Stress Distributions in an AISI 304 Stainless Steel BWR Pipe Weld.
Intergranular Thermal Residual Strain in Rolled and Texture-free ? ...
In this study, the intergranular thermal residual strains are determined from ... rolled and texture-free ?-uranium measured by neutron diffraction during cooling.
Ohio Residual Fuel Oil Prices by Sales Type
Pilot Test of Bauxite Residue Carbonation With Flue Gas
... of bauxite residue in water with flue gas, produced from direct oil burning. ... New Development Model for Bauxite Deposits - Dedicated Compact Refinery.
Potential of biomass residue availability; The case of Thailand
An acute shortage of fuel wood and charcoal prevails in many developing countries. A logical approach to the problem places emphasis on the development of alternative energy sources, including use of biomass residues. An assessment of the potential of biomass residues for energy and other uses calls for an estimation of their annual production. Also, because the residues are normally bulky they should be utilized near their place of origin whenever possible to avoid high transportation costs. Thus knowledge of the total national generation of residues per year does not provide enough information for planning residue utilization. This article illustrates a method of residue estimation that takes the case of Thailand as an example. It presents the annual generation of nine agricultural resides (paddy husk, paddy straw, bagasse, cotton stalk, corn cob, groundnut shell, cassava stalk and coconut husk and shell) and one forestry residue (sawdust) in different agroeconomic zones and regions of Thailand. The methodology used for the investigation of crop-to-residue ratios is outlined. The annual generation figures for the different residues along with observations about their traditional uses are presented.
Bhattacharya, S.C.; Shrestha, R.M.; Ngamkajornvivat, S. (Energy Technology Div., Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok 10501 (TH))
Vermont Residual Fuel Oil Prices by Sales Type
Midwest (PADD 2) Residual Fuel Oil Prices by Sales Type
Investigation of Residual Stress in Key-Hole Laser Formed ...
Residual strain/stress measurements in weldments produced using the fibre ... Dislocation Densities, Burgers Vector Populations and Slip System Activity in ...
NRC/EPRI Welding Residual Stress Validation Program (Phase III)
The NRC/EPRI weld residual stress (WRS) program currently consists of four phases, with each phase increasing in complexity from lab size specimens to ...
Logging and Agricultural Residue Supply Curves for the Pacific Northwest
This report quantified the volume of logging residues at the county level for current timber harvests. The cost of recovering logging residues was determined for skidding, yearding, loading, chipping and transporting the residues. Supply curves were developed for ten candidate conversion sites in the Pacific Northwest Region. Agricultural field residues were also quantified at the county level using five-year average crop yields. Agronomic constraints were applied to arrive at the volumes available for energy use. Collection costs and transportation costs were determined and supply curves generated for thirteen candidate conversion sites.
Kerstetter, James D.; Lyons, John Kim
Michigan Residual Fuel Oil Prices by Sales Type
Residuals, Sludge, and Composting (Maine) | Department of Energy
Residuals, Sludge, and Composting (Maine) Residuals, Sludge, and Composting (Maine) Residuals, Sludge, and Composting (Maine) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Construction Fed. Government Fuel Distributor General Public/Consumer Industrial Installer/Contractor Institutional Investor-Owned Utility Local Government Low-Income Residential Multi-Family Residential Municipal/Public Utility Nonprofit Residential Retail Supplier Rural Electric Cooperative Schools State/Provincial Govt Systems Integrator Transportation Tribal Government Utility Program Info State Maine Program Type Siting and Permitting Provider Department of Environmental Protection The Maine Department of Environmental Protection's Residuals, Sludge, and Composting program regulates the land application and post-processing of organic wastes, including sewage sludge, septage, food waste, and wood
Progress in recycling of automobile shredder residue
At Argonne National Laboratory, we have been developing a potentially economical process to recycle automobile shredder residue (ASR). We identified three potentially marketable materials that can be recovered from ASR and developed technologies to recover and upgrade these materials. We build and tested a field-demonstration plant for recycling polyurethane foam and produced about 2000 lb of recycled foam. Several 300-lb samples were sent for evaluation and were found to be of marketable quality. We are also preparing for a large-scale test in which about 200 tons of ASR-derived fines will be used as a raw material in cement making. A major cement company has evaluated small samples of fines prepared in the laboratory and found that they meet its requirements as a substitute for iron ore or mill scale. We also produced about 50 lb of recycled acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) from obsolete automobiles and found that it has properties that could be readily upgraded to meet the specifications of the automotive industry. In this paper, we briefly discuss the process as a whole and summarize the results obtained from the field work on foam and fines recycling.
Jody, B.J.; Daniels, E.J.; Pomykala, J.A. Jr.
The Effect of Shock Stress and Field Strength on Shock-Induced Depoling of Normally Poled PZT 95/5
Shock-induced depoling of the ferroelectric ceramic PZT 95/5 is utilized in a number of pulsed power devices. Several experimental and theoretical efforts are in progress in order to improve numerical simulations of these devices. In this study we have examined the shock response of normally poled PZT 95/5 under uniaxial strain conditions. On each experiment the current produced in an external circuit and the transmitted waveform at a window interface were recorded. The peak electrical field generated within the PZT sample was varied through the choice of external circuit resistance. Shock pressures were varied from 0.6 to 4.6 GPa, and peak electrical fields were varied from 0.2 to 37 kV/cm. For a 2.4 GPa shock and the lowest peak field, a nearly constant current governed simply by the remanent polarization and the shock velocity was recorded. Both decreasing the shock pressure and increasing the electrical field resulted in reduced current generation, indicating a retardation of the depoling kinetics.
Tangential residual as error estimator in the boundary element method
In this paper a new error estimator based on tangential derivative Boundary Integral Equation residuals for 2D Laplace and Helmholtz equations is shown. The direct problem for general mixed boundary conditions is solved using standard and hypersingular ... Keywords: Adaptivity, Boundary Integral Equation residual, Boundary element method, Error estimation, Mesh adaptation, Mesh refinement, Nodal sensitivity
Alejandro E. Martínez-Castro; Rafael Gallego
Modeling Sustainable Agricultural Residue Removal at the Subfield Scale
This study developed a computational strategy that utilizes data inputs from multiple spatial scales to investigate how variability within individual fields can impact sustainable residue removal for bioenergy production. Sustainable use of agricultural residues for bioenergy production requires consideration of the important role that residues play in limiting soil erosion and maintaining soil C, health, and productivity. Increased availability of subfield-scale data sets such as grain yield data, high-fidelity digital elevation models, and soil characteristic data provides an opportunity to investigate the impacts of subfield-scale variability on sustainable agricultural residue removal. Using three representative fields in Iowa, this study contrasted the results of current NRCS conservation management planning analysis with subfield-scale analysis for rake-and-bale removal of agricultural residue. The results of the comparison show that the field-average assumptions used in NRCS conservation management planning may lead to unsustainable residue removal decisions for significant portions of some fields. This highlights the need for additional research on subfield-scale sustainable agricultural residue removal including the development of real-time variable removal technologies for agricultural residue.
Muth, D.J.; McCorkle, D.S.; Koch, J.B.; Bryden, K.M.
Residual fuel outlook - 1981 through 1995. Final report
This report forecasts the future availability of residual fuel and its implications to the marine industry. The results are based on the completion of three separate tasks. The first examines past trends and recent developments in worldwide supply and demand markets for residual and other fuels, while the second investigates upgrading and expansion activities by the refining industry. The combination of these efforts produces an overview of the worldwide residual market and a complete understanding of refiners' economic and technical decision factors determining final product mix production. The last task utilizes information gained in previous tasks to review available longterm forecasts and their underlying assumptions. The forecasts completed by the National Petroleum Council (NPC) were utilized for a depiction of residual availability in 1985, while the Department of Energy's (DOE) Midterm Energy Forecasting System (MEFS) was utilized and adjusted to provide estimates of residual availability in 1990 and 1995.
Varndell, T.B.
Conversion of direct process high-boiling residue to monosilanes
A process for the production of monosilanes from the high-boiling residue resulting from the reaction of hydrogen chloride with silicon metalloid in a process typically referred to as the "direct process." The process comprises contacting a high-boiling residue resulting from the reaction of hydrogen chloride and silicon metalloid, with hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalytic amount of aluminum trichloride effective in promoting conversion of the high-boiling residue to monosilanes. The present process results in conversion of the high-boiling residue to monosilanes. At least a portion of the aluminum trichloride catalyst required for conduct of the process may be formed in situ during conduct of the direct process and isolation of the high-boiling residue.
Brinson, Jonathan Ashley (Vale of Glamorgan, GB); Crum, Bruce Robert (Madison, IN); Jarvis, Jr., Robert Frank (Midland, MI)
Crop residues as a fuel for power generation
Crop residues could serve as an alternative energy source for producing electric power and heat in agricultural regions of the United States. Nearly 2 quads of residues are estimated to be available as a sustainable annual yield. These can substitute for up to one quad of conventional fuels used to generate electricity and up to an additional quad of petroleum and natural gas currently used for producing heat. The most promising routes to residue conversion appear to be regional generators sized in the megawatt range, and the mixing of residues with coal for burning in coal power plants. Costing farmers from $0.70 to $1.25 per million Btu, to harvest and prepare for use as a fuel, residues can be a competitive renewable energy supply.
Bhagat, N.; Davitian, H.; Pouder, R.
Use of a high repetition rate neutron generator for in vivo body composition measurements via neutron inelastic scattering
A small D-T neutron generator with a high pulse rate is used for the in vivo measurement of body carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. The core of the neutron generator is a 13 cm-long Zetatron tube pulsed at a rate of 10 kHz delivering 10/sup 3/ to 10/sup 4/ neutrons per pulse. A target-current feedback system regulates the source of the accelerator to assure constant neutron output. Carbon is measured by detecting the 4.44 MeV ..gamma..-rays from inelastic scattering. The short half-life of the 4.44 MeV state of carbon requires detection of the ..gamma..-rays during the 10 ..mu..s neutron pulse. Generators with low pulsing rate were found inappropriate for carbon measurements because of their low duty-cycle (high neutron output during the pulse). In vivo measurements were performed with normal volunteers using a scanning bed facility for a dose less than 25 mrem. This technique offers medical as well as general bulk analysis applications. 8 refs., 5 figs.
Kehayias, J.J.; Ellis, K.J.; Cohn, S.H.; Weinlein, J.H.
A manual for implementing residual radioactive material guidelines
This manual presents information for implementing US Department of Energy (DOE) guidelines for residual radioactive material at sites identified by the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP) and the Surplus Facilities Management Program (SFMP). It describes the analysis and models used to derive site-specific guidelines for allowable residual concentrations of radionuclides in soil and the design and use of the RESRAD computer code for calculating guideline values. It also describes procedures for implementing DOE policy for reducing residual radioactivity to levels that are as low as reasonably achievable. 36 refs., 16 figs, 22 tabs.
Gilbert, T.L.; Yu, C.; Yuan, Y.C.; Zielen, A.J.; Jusko, M.J.; Wallo, A. III
An urban infill : a residual site in Boston
This thesis is concerned with the treatment of residual sites in the context of the urban environment and in particular with the wounds inflicted by the passage of the Massachusetts Turnpike through the city of Boston. The ...
Savvides, Andreas L. (Andreas Loucas)
Ohio Imports of Residual Fuel Oil (Thousand Barrels)
Ohio Imports of Residual Fuel Oil (Thousand Barrels) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec; 2000: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 108: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 27: 2001: 0: 44 ...
Generation of residual energy in the turbulent solar wind
In situ observations of the fluctuating solar wind flow show that the energy of magnetic field fluctuations always exceeds that of the kinetic energy, and therefore the difference between the kinetic and magnetic energies, known as the residual energy, is always negative. The same behaviour is found in numerical simulations of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. We study the dynamics of the residual energy for strong, anisotropic, critically balanced magnetohydrodynamic turbulence using the eddy damped quasi-normal Markovian approximation. Our analysis shows that for stationary critically balanced magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, negative residual energy will always be generated by nonlinear interacting Alfven waves. This offers a general explanation for the observation of negative residual energy in solar wind turbulence and in the numerical simulations.
Gogoberidze, G. [Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL (United Kingdom); Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ilia State University, 3/5 Cholokashvili Ave., 0162 Tbilisi (Georgia); Chapman, S. C.; Hnat, B. [Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL (United Kingdom)
Asphalt landscape after all : residual suburban surface as public infrastructure
The thesis proposes a hybridized commercial retail strip inserted into a residual suburban condition as a manner of investigating the latent potential of suburban logic, both its constituent elements and its formal rules ...
O'Connor, Joseph Michael, M. Arch. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Nondestructive Evaluation: Nondestructive Evaluation and Measurement of Residual Stress
This report summarizes the results of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques for residual stress measurements conducted on Alloy 600 samples that have undergone changes in material properties resulting from simulated operating conditions, including heat treatment, three-point bending load, cracking, and repair. The overall objective was to identify suitable NDE techniques that would augment the existing and proven surface residual stress measurements by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and extend the measurem...
This Test Plan describes the testing and chemical analyses release rate studies on tank residual samples collected following the retrieval of waste from the tank. This work will provide the data required to develop a contaminant release model for the tank residuals from both sludge and salt cake single-shell tanks. The data are intended for use in the long-term performance assessment and conceptual model development.
Characterization and stabilization of arsenic in water treatment residuals
The characterization of water treatment residuals containing arsenic was investigated in the first study. Arsenic desorption and leachability from the residuals were the focus of this study. Arsenic leaching from water treatment residuals was found to be underestimated by the toxicity characteristic leaching test (TCLP) due to the pH of the leachates being favorable for As(V) adsorption. Competitive desorption of arsenic with phosphate was significant because phosphate tends to compete with As(V) on the surface of the metal hydroxide for adsorption sites. However, arsenic desorption by the competition of sulfate and chloride was found to be negligible. The pH in the leachate was a critical variable in controlling arsenic stability in the residuals. The release of arsenic from the residuals was elevated at low and high pH due to the increase dissolution of the adsorbents such as Fe and Al hydroxides. In the second phase of the study, the stabilization techniques for arsenic contained residuals and were examined to develop methods to suitably stabilize arsenic to eliminate and/or minimize leaching. A decrease of arsenic leaching was achieved by the addition of lime to the residuals and believed to be due to the formation of less soluble and stable calcium-arsenic compounds. However, it is suggested that the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) should be added with the lime for the long term stabilization because lime can be slowly consumed when directly exposed to atmospheric CO2. The solidification and stabilization (S/S) technique with lime and OPC was shown to be successfully applied by the immobilization of a wide variety of arsenic tainted water treatment residuals.
Wee, Hun Young
Residual stresses and stress corrosion cracking in pipe fittings
Residual stresses can play a key role in the SCC performance of susceptible materials in PWR primary water applications. Residual stresses are stresses stored within the metal that develop during deformation and persist in the absence of external forces or temperature gradients. Sources of residual stresses in pipe fittings include fabrication processes, installation and welding. There are a number of methods to characterize the magnitude and orientation of residual stresses. These include numerical analysis, chemical cracking tests, and measurement (e.g., X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, strain gage/hole drilling, strain gage/trepanning, strain gage/section and layer removal, and acoustics). This paper presents 400 C steam SCC test results demonstrating that residual stresses in as-fabricated Alloy 600 pipe fittings are sufficient to induce SCC. Residual stresses present in as-fabricated pipe fittings are characterized by chemical cracking tests (stainless steel fittings tested in boiling magnesium chloride solution) and by the sectioning and layer removal (SLR) technique.
Parrington, R.J.; Scott, J.J.; Torres, F.
Hanford tank residual waste – contaminant source terms and release models
Residual waste is expected to be left in 177 underground storage tanks after closure at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site in Washington State (USA). In the long term, the residual wastes represent a potential source of contamination to the subsurface environment. Residual materials that cannot be completely removed during the tank closure process are being studied to identify and characterize the solid phases and estimate the release of contaminants from these solids to water that might enter the closed tanks in the future. As of the end of 2009, residual waste from five tanks has been evaluated. Residual wastes from adjacent tanks C-202 and C-203 have high U concentrations of 24 and 59 wt%, respectively, while residual wastes from nearby tanks C-103 and C-106 have low U concentrations of 0.4 and 0.03 wt%, respectively. Aluminum concentrations are high (8.2 to 29.1 wt%) in some tanks (C-103, C-106, and S-112) and relatively low (Technetium leachability is not as strongly dependent on the concentration of Tc in the waste, and it appears to be slightly more leachable by the Ca(OH)2-saturated solution than by the CaCO3-saturated solution. In general, Tc is much less leachable (<10 wt% of the available mass in the waste) than previously predicted. This may be due to the coprecipitation of trace concentrations of Tc in relatively insoluble phases such as Fe oxide/hydroxide solids.
Deutsch, William J.; Cantrell, Kirk J.; Krupka, Kenneth M.; Lindberg, Michael J.; Serne, R. Jeffrey
Analyzing strategic behaviors in electricity markets via transmission-constrained residual demand.
??This dissertation studies how to characterize strategic behaviors in electricity markets from a transmission-constrained residual demand perspective. This dissertation generalizes the residual demand concept, widely… (more)
Xu, Lin
South Dakota Residual Fuel Oil Adj Sales/Deliveries to Oil Company ...
Referring Pages: Adjusted Sales of Residual Fuel Oil for Oil Company Use ; Adjusted Sales of Residual Fuel Oil for Oil Company Use ; South Dakota Adjusted Distillate ...
Inhibited Release of Mobile Contaminants from Hanford Tank Residual Waste
Investigations of contaminant release from Hanford Site tank residual waste have indicated that in some cases certain contaminants of interest (Tc and Cr) exhibit inhibited release. The percentage of Tc that dissolved from residual waste from tanks 241-C-103, 241-C-106, 241-C-202, and 241-C-203 ranged from approximately 6% to 10%. The percent leachable Cr from residual waste from tanks C-103, C 202, and C-203 ranged from approximately 1.1% to 44%. Solid phase characterization results indicate that the recalcitrant forms of these contaminants are associated with iron oxides. X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis of Tc and Cr in residual waste indicates that these contaminants occur in Fe oxide particles as their lower, less soluble oxidation states [Tc(IV) and Cr(III)]. The form of these contaminants is likely as oxides or hydroxides incorporated within the structure of the Fe oxide. Leaching behavior of U from tank residual waste was studied using deionized water, and CaCO3 and Ca(OH)2 saturated solutions as leachants. The release behavior of U from tank residual waste is complex. Initial U concentrations in water and CaCO3 leachants are high due to residual amounts of the highly soluble U mineral cejkaite. As leaching and dilution occur NaUO2PO4 {center_dot} xH2O, Na2U2O7(am) and schoepite (or a similar phase) become the solubility controlling phases for U. In the case of the Ca(OH)2 leachant, U release from tank residual waste is dramatically reduced. Thermodynamic modeling indicates that the solubility of CaUO4(c) controls release of U from residual waste in the Ca(OH)2 leachants. It is assumed the solubility controlling phase is actually a hydrated version of CaUO4 with a variable water content ranging from CaUO4 to CaUO4 {center_dot} (H2O). The critically reviewed value for CaUO4(c) (log KSP0 = 15.94) produced good agreement with our experimental data for the Ca(OH)2 leachates.
Cantrell, Kirk J.; Heald, Steve M.; Arey, Bruce W.; Lindberg, Michael J.
Analysis of the Use of Wind Energy to Supplement the Power Needs at McMurdo Station and Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica (Poster)
This poster summarizes the analysis of the inclusion of wind-driven power generation technology into the existing diesel power plants at two U.S. Antarctic research stations, McMurdo and Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. Staff at the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted the analysis. Available data were obtained on the wind resources, power plant conditions, load, and component cost. We then used NREL's Hybrid2 power system modeling software to analyze the potential and cost of using wind turbine generators at the two aforementioned facilities.
Baring-Gould, E. I.; Robichaud, R.; McLain, K.
Progress over Phase II of DE-FG02-07ER86293 'Materials Degradation Analysis and Development to Enable Ultra Low Cost, Web-Processed White P-OLED for SSL' was initially rapid in terms of device performance improvements. We exceeded our device luminance lifetime goals for printed flexible white OLEDs as laid out in our project proposal. Our Phase II performance target was to demonstrate >1500 hours luminance lifetime at 100 Cd/m2 from a printed flexible device. We now have R&D devices well in excess of 8000 hrs lifetime at 100 Cd/m2, tested in air. We also were able to produce devices which met the voltage target of >1500 hours below 15V operation. After completing the initial performance milestones, we went on to focus on color-related degradation issues which were cited as important to commercialization of the technology by our manufacturing partners. We also put additional focus on cathode work as the active material development that occurred over the STTR time period required an adaptation of the cathode from the original cathode formulations which were developed based on previous generation active layer materials. We were able to improve compatibility of the cathode with some of the newer generation active layer materials and improve device yield and voltage behavior. An additional objective of the initial Phase II was to further develop the underlying manufacturing technology and real-life product specifications. This is a key requirement that must be met to ensure eventual commercialization of this DOE-funded technology. The link between commercial investment for full commercialization and R&D efforts in OLED solid State Lighting is often a large one. Add-Vision's lower cost, printed OLED manufacturing approach is an attraction, but close engagement with manufacturing partners and addressing customer specifications is a very important link. Manufacturing technology encompasses development of moisture reduction encapsulation technology, improved cost performance, and reductions in operating voltage through thinner and higher uniformity active device layers. We have now installed a pilot encapsulation system at AVI for controlled, high throughput lamination encapsulation of flexible OLEDs in a novel process. Along with this, we have developed, with our materials supply partners, adhesives, barrier films and other encapsulation materials and we are showing total air product lifetimes in the 2-4 years range from a process consistent with our throughput goals of {approx}1M device per month ({approx}30,000 sq. ft. of processed OLEDs). Within the last year of the project, we have been working to introduce the manufacturing improvements made in our LEP deposition and annealing process to our commercial partners. Based on the success of this, a pilot scale-up program was begun. During this process, Add-Vision was acquired by a strategic partner, in no small part, because of the promise of future success of the technology as evidenced by our commercial partners pilot scale-up plans. Overall, the performance, manufacturing and product work in this project has been successful. Additional analysis and device work at LBL has also shown a unique adhesion change with device bias stressing which may result from active layer polymer cross-linking during bias stressing of device. It was shown that even small bias stresses, as a fraction of a full device lifetime stress period, result in measurable chemical change in the device. Further work needs to be conducted to fully understand the chemical nature of this interaction. Elucidation of this effect would enable doped OLED formulation to be engineered to suppress this effect and further extend lifetimes and reduce voltage climb.
p--p and p--d elastic and inelastic scattering in the high t-region in the new internal target laboratory
re p - p and p - d elastic and inelastic scatteing in the high t-region in the new B-O Internal Target Laboratory. These measurements will continuously cover The t-region is covered from 0.2 up to at least 10 (GeV/c)/sup 2/ for p-p elastic scattering and up to 5 (GeV/c)/sup 2/ for p-d elastic scattering; it can be extended with future modifications. Magnetic spectrometers will be used to measure the angles and momenta of the recoil particle and the forward scattered particle. (auth)
Bartenev, V.; Kuznetsov, A.; Morozov, B.; Nikitin, V.; Pilipenko, Y.; Zolin, L.; Malamud, E.; Yamada, R.; Loeffler, F.; Shibata, E.; Stanfield, K.; Tang, Y.
The functions of tryptophan residues in membrane proteins
Membrane proteins in general have a significantly higher Trp content than do soluble proteins. This is especially true for the M and L subunits of the photosynthetic reaction center from purple bacteria. The Trp residues are located mostly in the segments that connect the transmembrane helices. Further, they are concentrated at the periplasmic side of the complex. Within the protein subunits, many form hydrogen bonds with carbonyl oxygens of the main chain, thereby stabilizing the protein. On the surface of the molecule, they are correctly positioned to form hydrogen bonds with the lipid head groups while their hydrophobic rings are immersed in the lipid part of the bilayer. We suggest that Trp residues are involved in the translocation of protein through the membrane and that following translocation, Trp residues serve as anchors on the periplasmic side of the membrane.
Schiffer, M.; Chang, C.H.; Stevens, F.J.
Matrix Effects on Radiolytic Gas Generation in Plutonium Residues
Transportation of plutonium bearing materials requires a shipping package that has been rigorously tested to withstand normal and accident conditions. Plutonium bearing materials can contribute to package internal pressure by producing heat and gases from chemical and radiochemical reactions. Of particular concern is the production of hydrogen gas from the radiolysis of moisture, which can result in flammable gas mixtures within the shipping package. Estimating the gas generation rates for plutonium residues is complicated by the large variability of material composition and process origin. In February 1999, the Savannah River Technology Center established a gas generation test program to support transportation of plutonium residue materials. The initial efforts of this program have focused on evaluation of residues identified as Sand, Slag, and Crucible (SS and C) generated as a byproduct of plutonium metal production.
Livingston, R.
An integrated model for assessment of sustainable agricultural residue removal limits for bioenergy systems
Agricultural residues have been identified as a significant potential resource for bioenergy production, but serious questions remain about the sustainability of harvesting residues. Agricultural residues play an important role in limiting soil erosion ... Keywords: Agricultural residues, Bioenergy, Model integration, Soil erosion, Soil organic carbon
D. J. Muth, Jr.; K. M. Bryden
Analysis of the Use of Wind Energy to Supplement the Power Needs at McMurdo Station and Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica
This report summarizes an analysis of the inclusion of wind-driven power generation technology into the existing diesel power plants at two U.S. Antarctic research stations, McMurdo and Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. Staff at the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted the analysis. Raytheon Polar Services, which currently holds the private sector support contract for the two research stations, was a major contributor to this report. To conduct the analysis, available data were obtained on the wind resources, power plant conditions, load, and component cost. Whenever possible, we validated the information. We then used NREL's Hybrid2 power system modeling software to analyze the potential and cost of using wind turbine generators at the two aforementioned facilities. Unfortunately, the power systems and energy allocations at McMurdo and South Pole Station are being redeveloped, so it is not possible to validate future fuel use. This report is an initial assessment of the potential use of wind energy and should be followed by further, more detailed analysis if this option is to be considered further.
Baring-Gould, I.; Robichaud, R.; McLain, K.
THE FIRST PUBLIC RELEASE OF SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE DATA: MAPS OF A 95 deg{sup 2} FIELD FROM 2008 OBSERVATIONS
The South Pole Telescope (SPT) has nearly completed a 2500 deg{sup 2} survey of the southern sky in three frequency bands. Here, we present the first public release of SPT maps and associated data products. We present arcminute-resolution maps at 150 GHz and 220 GHz of an approximately 95 deg{sup 2} field centered at R.A. 82.{sup 0}7, decl. -55 Degree-Sign . The field was observed to a depth of approximately 17 {mu}K arcmin at 150 GHz and 41 {mu}K arcmin at 220 GHz during the 2008 austral winter season. Two variations on map filtering and map projection are presented, one tailored for producing catalogs of galaxy clusters detected through their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect signature and one tailored for producing catalogs of emissive sources. We describe the data processing pipeline, and we present instrument response functions, filter transfer functions, and map noise properties. All data products described in this paper are available for download at http://pole.uchicago.edu/public/data/maps/ra5h30dec-55 and from the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis server. This is the first step in the eventual release of data from the full 2500 deg{sup 2} SPT survey.
Schaffer, K. K.; Crawford, T. M.; Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crites, A. T.; Hoover, S.; Keisler, R. [Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States); Aird, K. A.; Hrubes, J. D. [University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States); Cho, H. M. [NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, CO 80305 (United States); De Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Holder, G. P. [Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8 (Canada); George, E. M.; Holzapfel, W. L. [Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Halverson, N. W. [Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 (United States); Joy, M. [Department of Space Science, VP62, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35812 (United States); Knox, L., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physics, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (United States); and others
Nucleon pole contributions in $J/?\\to N \\bar{N} ?$, $p \\bar{p} ?$, $p \\bar{p} ?^{\\prime}$ and $p \\bar{p} ?$ decays
Nucleon pole contributions in $J/\\psi \\to N \\bar N \\pi$, $p \\bar p \\eta$, $p \\bar p \\eta^{\\prime}$ and $p \\bar{p} \\omega$ decays are re-studied. Different contributions due to PS-PS and PS-PV couplings in the $\\pi$-N interaction and the effects of $NN\\pi$ form factors are investigated in the $J/\\psi \\to N \\bar N \\pi$ decay channel. It is found that when the ratio of $|F_0| /|F_M|$ takes small value, without considering the $NN\\pi$ form factor, the difference between PS-PS and PS-PV couplings are negligible. However, when the $NN\\pi$ form factor is included, this difference is greatly enlarged. The resultant decay widths are sensitive to the form factors. As a conclusion, the nucleon-pole contribution as a background is important in the $J/\\psi\\to N\\bar{N}\\pi$ decay and must be accounted. In the $J/\\psi\\to N\\bar{N}\\eta$ and $N\\bar{N}\\eta'$ decays, its contribution is less than 0.1% of the data. In the $J/\\psi\\to N\\bar{N}\\omega$ decay, it provides rather important contribution without considering form factors. But the contribution is suppressed greatly when adding the off-shell form factors. Comparing these results with data would help us to select a proper form factor for such kind of decay.
Wei-Hong Liang; Peng-Nian Shen; Bing-Song Zou; Amand Faessler
Test of the consistency of various linearized semiclassical initial value time correlation functions in application to inelastic neutron scattering from liquid para-hydrogen
The linearized approximation to the semiclassical initial value representation (LSC-IVR) is used to calculate time correlation functions relevant to the incoherent dynamic structure factor for inelastic neutron scattering from liquid para-hydrogen at 14 K. Various time correlations functions were used which, if evaluated exactly, would give identical results, but they do not because the LSC-IVR is approximate. Some of the correlation functions involve only linear operators, and others involve non-linear operators. The consistency of the results obtained with the various time correlation functions thus provides a useful test of the accuracy of the LSC-IVR approximation and its ability to treat correlation functions involving both linear and nonlinear operators in realistic anharmonic systems. The good agreement of the results obtained from different correlation functions, their excellent behavior in the spectral moment tests based on the exact moment constraints, and their semi-quantitative agreement with the inelastic neutron scattering experimental data all suggest that the LSC-IVR is indeed a good short-time approximation for quantum mechanical correlation functions.
Miller, William; Liu, Jian; Miller, William H.
Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction and long life time of the spin state in the Cu$_3$ triangular spin cluster by inelastic neutron scattering measurements
Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments have been performed on the Cu$_3$ triangular molecular nanomagnet using powder samples. In the medium resolution INS spectrum measured, there are two peaks at $\\hbar\\omega=0.5$ and 0.6 meV. Comparing the observed $Q$ dependences of these peaks with calculations, these two INS peaks originate from the Cu$_3$ cluster. From the observed peak position, width, and intensity, we have determined the optimum parameters of the spin Hamiltonian consisted of the antiferromagnetic exchange and the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interactions, which can also reproduce the magnetic susceptibility measurement. In addition, we have directly observed that the ground state quartet is split into two doublets with the energy separation of 0.103 meV using high-resolution neutron spectroscopy, which exactly corresponds to that expected from the optimum parameters obtained from the medium resolution xperiment. The temperature dependences of the integrated intensities of the 0.5 and 0.6 meV peaks are well reproduced by the Boltzmann distribution of the energy levels of the model Hamiltonian below 10 K. Furthermore, the inelastic peaks were visible even at very high temperatures as 50 K. This indicates extraordinary weak coupling between phonons (or any other perturbations) and spin states in the Cu$_3$ cluster, compared to the other known molecular nanomagnets.
Kazuki Iida; Yiming Qiu; Taku J Sato
Structure Functions in Deep Inelastic Lepton Scattering: Data from DOE laboratory experiments as compiled in data reviews by the Durham High Energy Physics Database Group
Gehrmann, Roberts, and Whalley in their 1999 paper, A Compilation of Structure Functions in Deep Inelastic Scattering, published in volume 25 of Journal of Physics G (Nuclear and Particle Physics) note that these data will continue to be relevant to the next generation of hadron colliders. They present data on the unpolarized structure functions F2 and xF3, R D ._L=_T /, the virtual photon asymmetries A1 and A2 and the polarized structure functions g1 and g2, from deep inelastic lepton scattering off protons, deuterium and nuclei. Data are presented in both tabular and graphical format and include predictions based on the MRST98 and CTEQ4 parton distribution functionsö as well. The data gathered from the relevant collaborations at DOE's Fermilab, SLAC, and JLAB are available, and so are data from related collaborations based at CERN and DESY. The Durham High Energy Physics (HEP) Database Group makes these data, extracted from papers and data reviews, available in one place in an easy-to-access format. These data are also include in the Durham HEP Reaction Data Database which can be searched at http://durpdg.dur.ac.uk/spires/hepdata/reac.html
Gehrmann, T; Roberts, R. G.; Whalley, M. R.; Durham HEP Database Group
Residual Fuel Oil Prices, Average - Sales to End Users
Product/Sales Type: Residual Fuel, Average - Sales to End Users Residual Fuel, Average - Sales for Resale Sulfur Less Than or Equal to 1% - Sales to End Users Sulfur Less Than or Equal to 1% - Sales for Resale Sulfur Greater Than 1% - Sales to End Users Sulfur Greater Than 1% - Sales for Resale Period: Monthly Annual Product/Sales Type: Residual Fuel, Average - Sales to End Users Residual Fuel, Average - Sales for Resale Sulfur Less Than or Equal to 1% - Sales to End Users Sulfur Less Than or Equal to 1% - Sales for Resale Sulfur Greater Than 1% - Sales to End Users Sulfur Greater Than 1% - Sales for Resale Period: Monthly Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes Show Data By: Product/Sales Type Area Apr-13 May-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 View History U.S. - - - - - - 1983-2013 East Coast (PADD 1) - - - - - - 1983-2013 New England (PADD 1A) - - - - - - 1983-2013 Connecticut - - - - - - 1983-2013 Maine - - - - - - 1983-2013 Massachusetts - - - - - - 1983-2013
Recovery of plutonium from molten salt extraction residues
Savannah River Laboratory (SRL), Savannah River Plant (SRP), and Rocky Flats Plant (RFP) are jointly developing a process to recover plutonium from molten salt extraction residues. These NaCl, KCl, MgCl/sub 2/ residues, which are generated in the pyrochemical extraction of /sup 241/Am from aged plutonium metal, contain up to 25 wt % dissolved PUCl/sub 3/ and up to 2 wt % AmCl/sub 3/. The objective is to develop a process to convert these residues to plutonium metal product and discardable waste. The first step of the conceptual process is to convert the actinides to a heterogenous scrub alloy with aluminum and magnesium. This step, performed at RFP, effectively separates the actinides from the bulk of the chloride. This scrub alloy will then be dissolved in a HNO/sub 3/-HF solution at SRP. Residual chloride will be removed by precipitation with Hg/sub 2/(NO/sub 3/)/sub 2/ followed by centrifugation. Plutonium and americium will be separated using the Purex solvent extraction process. The /sup 241/Am will be diverted to the solvent extraction waste stream where it can either be discarded to the waste farm or recovered. The plutonium will be finished via PuF/sub 3/ precipitation, oxidation to a mixture of PUF/sub 4/ and PuO/sub 2/, followed by reduction to plutonium metal with calcium.
Gray, L.W.; Holcomb, H.P.
Aqueous recovery of plutonium from pyrochemical processing residues
Pyrochemical processes provide rapid methods to reclaim plutonium from scrap residues. Frequently, however, these processes yield an impure plutonium product and waste residues that are contaminated with actinides and are therefore nondiscardable. The Savannah River Laboratory and Plant and the Rocky Flats Plant are jointly developing new processes using both pyrochemistry and aqueous chemistry to generate pure product and discardable waste. An example of residue being treated is that from the molten salt extraction (MSE), a mixture of NaCl, KCl, MgCl/sub 2/, PuCl/sub 3/, AmCl/sub 3/, PuO/sub 2/, and Pu/sup 0/. This mixture is scrubbed with molten aluminum containing a small amount of magnesium to produce a nonhomogeneous Al-Pu-Am-Mg alloy. This process, which rejects most of the NaCl-KCl-MgCl/sub 2/ salts, results in a product easily dissolved in 6M HNO/sub 3/ -0.1M HF. Any residual chloride in the product is removed by precipitation with Hg(I) followed by centrifuging. Plutonium and americium are then separated by the standard Purex process. The americium, initially diverted to the solvent extraction waste stream, can either be recovered or sent to waste.
Gray, L.W.; Gray, J.H.
Modeling EU electricity market competition using the residual supply index
An econometric approach to related hourly Residual Supply Index to price-cost margins in the major EU electricity generation markets suggests that market structure, as measured by the RSI, is a significant explanatory factor for markups, even when scarcity and other explanatory variables are included. (author)
Swinand, Gregory; Scully, Derek; Ffoulkes, Stuart; Kessler, Brian
Crop residue conversion to biogas by dry fermentation
A simple 'dry fermentation' process has been developed that may enable economical conversion of drier crop residues to biogas. Results from two years of process definition and scale-up to a 110 m/sup 3/ prototype show that biogas production rates exceeding those necessary to make the dry fermentor competitive have been achieved. 13 refs.
Jewell, W.J.; Dell'Orto, S.; Fanfoni, K.J.; Fast, S.J.; Jackson, D.A.; Kabrick, R.M.; Gottung, E.J.
Adsorption process producing chronologically constant amount of a residual gas
An adsorption process is disclosed for purifying or fractionating a gaseous feed mixture comprises an adsorption phase, at least one expansion phase, a purging phase and at least one pressure buildup phase. The expansion phase(S) and the purging phase produce residual process gas fractions. The sum total of volume, and/or mass streams of the residual process gas fractions comprises a residual gas stream which is maintained chronologically substantially constant by controlling the volume and/or gas streams of the gas entering the purging phase and maintaining the gas leaving the expansion phase(S) at a substantially constant value, dependent on the desired mass and/or volume quantity of the residual gas stream. The length of the purging phase and of the expansion phase(S) is adjusted accordingly so that the relationship of the length of time of the purging phase to the length of time of the expansion phase(S) is substantially the same as the relationship of the volume and/or mass of the gas fractions obtained during the purging to those obtained during the expansion phase(S), respectively. The control of the purging and of the expansion phase(S) can also be varied in response to a flow rate of a feed gas entering the process.
Benkmann, C.
European experience in transport/storage cask for vitrified residues
Available in abstract form only. Full text of publication follows: Because of the evolution of burnup of spent fuel to be reprocessed, the high activity vitrified residues would not be transported in the existing cask designs. Therefore, TN International has decided in the late nineties to develop a brand new design of casks with optimized capacity able to store and transport the most active and hottest canisters: the TN{sup TM}81 casks currently in use in Switzerland and the TN{sup TM}85 cask which shall permit in the near future in Germany the storage and the transport of the most active vitrified residues defining a thermal power of 56 kW (kilowatts). The challenges for the TN{sup TM}81 and TN{sup TM}85 cask designs were that the geometry entry data were very restrictive and were combined with a fairly wide range set by the AREVA NC Specification relative to vitrified residue canister. The TN{sup TM}81 and the TN{sup TM}85 casks have been designed to fully anticipate shipment constraints of the present vitrified residue production. It also used the feedback of current shipments and the operational constraints and experience of receiving and shipping facilities. The casks had to fit as much as possible in the existing procedures for the already existing flasks such as the TN{sup TM}28 cask and TS 28 V cask, all along the logistics chain of loading, unloading, transport and maintenance. (authors)
Otton, Camille; Sicard, Damien [AREVA - TN International (France)
Design of thermal imprinting system with uniform residual thickness
A new thermal imprinting system for the printed circuit boards (PCBs) with both large areas and fine conducting lines was developed adopting hot airs with a high pressure. Several small nickel stamps were used to cover the large area, and the stamps ... Keywords: Patterned circuit boards, Thermal imprinting system, Uniformity of residual thickness
Won-Ho Shin
Measuring residual stress in glasses and ceramics using instrumented indentation.
Instrumented indentation has yielded mixed results when used to measure surface residual stresses in metal films. Relative to metals, many glasses and ceramics have a low modulus-to-yield strength (E/sy) ratio. The advantage of this characteristic for measuring residual stress using instrumented indentation is demonstrated by a series of comparative spherical and conical tip finite element simulations. Two cases are considered: (i) a material with E/s{sub y} = 24-similar to glass and (ii) a material with E/s{sub y} = 120-similar to metal films. In both cases, compressive residual stress shifts the simulated load-displacement response toward increasing hardness, irrespective of tip geometry. This shift is shown to be entirely due to pile up for the ''metal'' case, but primarily due to the direct influence of the residual stress for the ''glass'' case. Hardness changes and load-displacement curve shifts are explained by using the spherical cavity model. Supporting experimental results on stressed glasses are provided.
Tandon, Rajan; Buchheit, Thomas E.
Spectrum Fatigue Lifetime and Residual Strength for Fiberglass Laminates
This report addresses the effects of spectrum loading on lifetime and residual strength of a typical fiberglass laminate configuration used in wind turbine blade construction. Over 1100 tests have been run on laboratory specimens under a variety of load sequences. Repeated block loading at two or more load levels, either tensile-tensile, compressive-compressive, or reversing, as well as more random standard spectra have been studied. Data have been obtained for residual strength at various stages of the lifetime. Several lifetime prediction theories have been applied to the results. The repeated block loading data show lifetimes that are usually shorter than predicted by the most widely used linear damage accumulation theory, Miner's sum. Actual lifetimes are in the range of 10 to 20 percent of predicted lifetime in many cases. Linear and nonlinear residual strength models tend to fit the data better than Miner's sum, with the nonlinear providing a better fit of the two. Direct tests of residual strength at various fractions of the lifetime are consistent with the residual strength models. Load sequencing effects are found to be insignificant. The more a spectrum deviates from constant amplitude, the more sensitive predictions are to the damage law used. The nonlinear model provided improved correlation with test data for a modified standard wind turbine spectrum. When a single, relatively high load cycle was removed, all models provided similar, though somewhat non-conservative correlation with the experimental results. Predictions for the full spectrum, including tensile and compressive loads were slightly non-conservative relative to the experimental data, and accurately captured the trend with varying maximum load. The nonlinear residual strength based prediction with a power law S-N curve extrapolation provided the best fit to the data in most cases. The selection of the constant amplitude fatigue regression model becomes important at the lower stress, higher cycle loading cases. The residual strength models may provide a more accurate estimate of blade lifetime than Miner's rule for some loads spectra. They have the added advantage of providing an estimate of current blade strength throughout the service life.
Commercial Exploitation and the Origin of Commercial Exploitation and the Origin of Residual Oil Zones: Developing a Case History in the Permian Basin of New Mexico and West Texas RPSEA PROJECT NUMBER.FINAL Commercial Exploitation and the Origin of Residual Oil Zones: Developing a Case History in the Permian Basin of New Mexico and West Texas Contract 81.089 08123-19-RPSEA June 28, 2012 Dr. Robert Trentham Director, Center for Energy and Economic Diversification The University of Texas of the Permian Basin Odessa, Texas 79762 L. Steven Melzer Melzer Consulting Midland, Texas 79701 David Vance Arcadis, U. S. Midland, Texas 79701 LEGAL NOTICE This report was prepared by Dr Robert Trentham as an account of work sponsored by the Research Partnership to Secure Energy for America, RPSEA. Neither RPSEA
The Particle Adventure | What holds it together? | Residual EM force
EM force EM force Residual EM force Atoms usually have the same numbers of protons and electrons. They are electrically neutral, therefore, because the positive protons cancel out the negative electrons. Since they are neutral, what causes them to stick together to form stable molecules? The answer is a bit strange: we've discovered that the charged parts of one atom can interact with the charged parts of another atom. This allows different atoms to bind together, an effect called the residual electromagnetic force. So the electromagnetic force is what allows atoms to bond and form molecules, allowing the world to stay together and create the matter you interact with all of the time. Amazing, isn't it? All the structures of the world exist simply because protons and electrons have opposite charges!
Bulging of cans containing plutonium residues. Summary report
In 1994, two cans in the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Plutonium Facility were found to be bulging as a result of the generation of gases form the plutonium ash residues contained in the cans. This report describes the chronology of this discovery, the response actions that revealed other pressurized cans, the analysis of the causes, the short-term remedial action, a followup inspection of the short-term storage packages, and a review of proposed long-term remedial options.
Van Konynenburg, R.A.; Wood, D.H.; Condit, R.H.; Shikany, S.D.
Effluent Guidelines and Coal Combustion Residuals Strategic Vision
This report provides a strategic view of the potential impacts on the electric power industry resulting from potential U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) effluent guidelines (EG) and coal combustion residuals (CCR) rule-making activities and deliberations. The report will be of value to electric power company executives and managers involved with long-range facility planning and operations. The report will also assist generation facility managers and electric power company environmental staff in ...
The Dissolution of Desicooler Residues in H-Canyon Dissolvers
A series of dissolution and characterization studies has been performed to determine if FB-Line residues stored in desicooler containers will dissolve using a modified H-Canyon processing flowsheet. Samples of desicooler materials were used to evaluate dissolving characteristics in the low-molar nitric acid solutions used in H-Canyon dissolvers. The selection for the H-Canyon dissolution of desicooler residues was based on their high-enriched uranium content and trace levels of plutonium. Test results showed that almost all of the enriched uranium will dissolve from the desicooler materials after extended boiling in one molar nitric acid solutions. The residue that contained uranium after completion of the extended boiling cycle consisted of brown solids that had agglomerated into large pieces and were floating on top of the dissolver solution. Addition of tenth molar fluoride to a three molar nitric acid solution containing boron did not dissolve remaining uranium from the brown solids. Only after boiling in an eight molar nitric acid-tenth molar fluoride solution without boron did remaining uranium and aluminum dissolve from the brown solids. The amount of uranium associated with brown solids would be approximately 1.4 percent of the total uranium content of the desicooler materials. The brown solids that remain in the First Uranium Cycle feed will accumulate at the organic/aqueous interface during solvent extraction operations. Most of the undissolved white residue that remained after extended boiling was aluminum oxide containing additional trace quantities of impurities. However, the presence of mercury used in H-Canyon dissolvers should complete the dissolution of these aluminum compounds.
Gray, J.H.
Turbine-Generator Topics for Plant Engineers: Residual Magnetism
The undesirable magnetization of components of rotating equipment used in the generation of electric power is a problem that has been recognized for many years; but wide understanding of the origins, detection techniques, remediation, and avoidance principles of residual magnetization has been lacking. As part of the series Turbine-Generator Topics for Plant Engineers, EPRI commissioned this report with the purpose of providing engineers active in the operation and maintenance of power ...
Automobile shredder residue: Process developments for recovery of recyclable constituents
The objectives of this paper are threefold: (1) to briefly outline the structure of the automobile shredder industry as a supplier of ferrous scrap, (2) to review the previous research that has been conducted for recycling automobile shredder residue (ASR), and (3) to present the results and implications of the research being conducted at ANL on the development of a process for the selective recovery and recycling of the thermoplastics content of ASR. 15 refs., 5 figs.
Daniels, E.J.; Jody, B.J.; Bonsignore, P.V.; Shoemaker, E.L.
EOR: well logs sharpen focus on residual saturation. Part 2
Much of what the enhanced recovery specialist must know about the reservoir under consideration can be measured, calculated, or deduced from well logging data. Appropriate well logging procedures for this type of formation evaluation would include resistivity, radioactivity, dielectric constant, and acoustic well logs. This work describes the principles and procedures for assessing residual oil saturation of a subsurface formation using these methods. The study explains what is actually being measured and compared when well logging data are obtained and processed.
Frederick, R.O.
State-of-Knowledge Assessment of Residual Oil Nickel Emissions
This report summarizes current knowledge of nickel emissions from power plants firing residual oil. The primary motivation for the study was the Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) standard proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2004. Although EPA subsequently withdrew its proposed standard, EPRI and members of its Gas and Oil Boiler Interest Group (GOBIG) decided that completion of the study and documentation of its findings were worthwhile.
Composition and utilization of cellulose for chemicals from agricultural residues
This study was undertaken for several reasons. Firstly, because of the scarcity of data on the composition of certain agricultural residues generated predominantly in California, it could only be inferred from the published composition of agricultural grains and wood what the carbohydrate composition of the residue straw, stems, and roots might be. Published methods of analysis on wood and grains were adapted or modified to suit these materials, resulting in an analytical system applicable to these residues. Secondly, a series of chemical pretreatments were studied to see if sugar production by enzymatic hydrolysis might be improved. Also these studies are used as a basis of generating the data for chemical engineering parameters of the Berkeley process. Since lignin is ultimately used as a feed back energy source in the Berkeley process, it is not necessary for it to be in the form of a relatively low weight polymer. Therefore, a study on the use of recoverable chemical solvents for dilignification by solution, rather than by a depolymerization reaction is indicated.
Sciamanna, A.F.; Freitas, R.P.; Wilke, C.R.
Diesel engine lubrication with poor quality residual fuel
The quality of marine residual fuel is declining. This is being caused by a gradual trend towards production of heavier crudes and increased residuum conversion processes in refineries to meet light product demand while holding down crude runs. Additionally, more stringent inland fuel sulfur regulations have caused the higher sulfur residues to be used for marine residual fuel blending. Engine manufacturers are making major efforts in design so that their engines can burn these fuels at high efficiency with minimum adverse effects. The oil industry is developing improved lubricants to reduce as much as possible the increased wear and deposit formation caused by these poor quality fuels. To guide the development of improved lubricants, knowledge is required about the impact of the main fuel characteristics on lubrication. This paper summarizes work conducted to assess the impact of fuel sulfur, Conradson carbon and asphaltenes on wear and deposit formation in engines representative of full scale crosshead diesel engines and medium speed trunk piston engines. Results obtained with improved lubricants in these engines are reviewed.
Van der Horst, G.W.; Hold, G.E.
On the absence of a positive sound dispersion in the THz dynamics of glycerol: an inelastic x-ray scattering study
The high frequency transport properties of glycerol are derived from inelastic x-ray scattering spectra measured at different pressures and compared with ultrasound absorption data. As a result, the presence of two distinct relaxation processes is inferred: a slow one, occurring in the GHz window and having an essentially structural character, and a fast one, related instead to microscopic degrees of freedom. While the former originates a neat increase of the apparent, i.e. frequency-dependent, sound velocity, the latter induces no visible dispersive effects on the acoustic propagation. The observed behavior is likely paradigmatic of all glass formers near or below the melting and it is here discussed and explained in some detail.
Cunsolo, Alessandro (BNL)
Level crossings and zero-field splitting in the {Cr8}-cubane spin-cluster studied using inelastic neutron scattering and magnetization
Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) in variable magnetic field and high-field magnetization measurements in the millikelvin temperature range were performed to gain insight into the low-energy magnetic excitation spectrum and the field-induced level crossings in the molecular spin cluster {Cr8}-cubane. These complementary techniques provide consistent estimates of the lowest level-crossing field. The overall features of the experimental data are explained using an isotropic Heisenberg model, based on three distinct exchange interactions linking the eight CrIII paramagnetic centers (spins s = 3/2), that is supplemented with a relatively large molecular magnetic anisotropy term for the lowest S = 1 multiplet. It is noted that the existence of the anisotropy is clearly evident from the magnetic field dependence of the excitations in the INS measurements, while the magnetization measurements are not sensitive to its effects.
Vaknin, D. [Ames Laboratory; Garlea, Vasile O [ORNL; Demmel, F. [ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory; Mamontov, Eugene [ORNL; Nojiri, H [Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Martin, Catalin [Florida State University; Chiorescu, Irinel [Florida State University; Qiu, Y. [National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Luban, M. [Ames Laboratory; Kogerler, P. [Ames Laboratory; Fielden, J. [Ames Laboratory; Engelhardt, L [Francis Marion University, Florence, South Sarolina; Rainey, C [Francis Marion University, Florence, South Sarolina
Structure of 65,67Co studied through the beta decay of 65,67Fe and a deep-inelastic reaction
The neutron-rich isotopes 65,67Fe and 65Co have been produced at the LISOL facility, Louvain-La-Neuve, in the proton-induced fission of 238U. Beams of these isotopes have been extracted with high selectivity by means of resonant laser ionization combined with mass separation. Yrast and near-yrast levels of 65Co have also been populated in the 64Ni+238U reaction at Argonne National Laboratory. The level structure of 65Co could be investigated by combining all the information from both the 65Fe and 65Co beta decay and the deep-inelastic reaction. The 65Fe, 65Co and 67Fe decay schemes and the 65Co yrast structure are fully established. The 65,67Co level structures can be interpreted as resulting from the coexistence of core-coupled states with levels based on a low-energy proton-intruder configuration.
Pauwels, D; Bree, N; Buscher, J; Cocolios, T E; Huyse, M; Kudryavtsev, Yu; Raabe, R; Sawicka, M; Van de Walle, J; Van Duppen, P; Korgul, A; Stefanescu, I; Hecht, A A; Hoteling, N; Wöhr, A; Walters, W B; Broda, R; Fornal, B; Krolas, W; Pawlat, T; Wrzesinski, J; Carpenter, M P; Janssens, R V F; Lauritsen, T; Seweryniak, D; Zhu, S; Stone, J R; Wang, X
D. Pauwels; O. Ivanov; N. Bree; J. Buscher; T. E. Cocolios; M. Huyse; Yu. Kudryavtsev; R. Raabe; M. Sawicka; J. Van de Walle; P. Van Duppen; A. Korgul; I. Stefanescu; A. A. Hecht; N. Hoteling; A. Wohr; W. B. Walters; R. Broda; B. Fornal; W. Krolas; T. Pawlat; J. Wrzesinski; M. P. Carpenter; R. V. F. Janssens; T. Lauritsen; D. Seweryniak; S. Zhu; J. R. Stone; X. Wang
Modeling, Optimization and Economic Evaluation of Residual Biomass Gasification
Gasification is a thermo-chemical process which transforms biomass into valuable synthesis gas. Integrated with a biorefinery it can address the facility's residue handling challenges and input demands. A number of feedstock, technology, oxidizer and product options are available for gasification along with combinations thereof. The objective of this work is to create a systematic method for optimizing the design of a residual biomass gasification unit. In detail, this work involves development of an optimization superstructure, creation of a biorefining scenario, process simulation, equipment sizing & costing, economic evaluation and optimization. The superstructure accommodates different feedstocks, reactor technologies, syngas cleaning options and final processing options. The criterion for optimization is annual worth. A biorefining scenario for the production of renewable diesel fuel from seed oil is developed; gasification receives the residues from this biorefinery. Availability of Soybeans, Jatropha, Chinese Tallow and woody biomass material is set by land use within a 50-mile radius. Four reactor technologies are considered, based on oxidizer type and operating pressure, along with three syngas cleaning methods and five processing options. Results show that residual gasification is profitable for large-scale biorefineries with the proper configuration. Low-pressure air gasification with filters, water-gas shift and hydrogen separation is the most advantageous combination of technology and product with an annual worth of $9.1 MM and a return on investment of 10.7 percent. Low-pressure air gasification with filters and methanol synthesis is the second most advantageous combination with an annual worth of $9.0 MM. Gasification is more economic for residue processing than combustion or disposal, and it competes well with natural gas-based methanol synthesis. However, it is less economic than steam-methane reforming of natural gas to hydrogen. Carbon dioxide credits contribute to profitability, affecting some configurations more than others. A carbon dioxide credit of $33/t makes the process competitive with conventional oil and gas development. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates a 10 percent change in hydrogen or electricity price results in a change to the optimal configuration of the unit. Accurate assessment of future commodity prices is critical to maximizing profitability.
Georgeson, Adam
Mechanical Freeze/Thaw and Freeze Concentration of Water and Wastewater Residuals
Water and wastewater treatment plants generate water residuals that must be disposed of in accordance with environmental regulations. This report analyzes the use of mechanical freeze/thaw and freeze concentration processes to reduce the volume of these residuals.
Effects of fluoride residue on Cu agglomeration in Cu/low-k interconnects
We have investigated the effects of fluoride residue on the thermal stability of a Cu/barrier metal (BM)/porous low-k film (kKeywords: Barrier metal, Cu agglomeration, Fluoride residue, Low-k, Oxidation, Penetration, Porous
Y. Kobayashi; S. Ozaki; Y. Iba; Y. Nakata; T. Nakamura
Making Photosynthetic Biofuel Renewable: Recovering Phosphorus from Residual Biomass J. M. Gifford and P. Westerhoff
Making Photosynthetic Biofuel Renewable: Recovering Phosphorus from Residual Biomass J. M. Gifford to global warming. Biofuel from phototrophic microbes like algae and bacteria provides a viable substitute improves biofuel sustainability by refining phosphorus recycling. Biomass Production Residual Biomass
Hall, Sharon J.
Ma,BonzongoandGao/UniversityofFlorida Characterization and Leachability of Coal Combustion Residues
Ma,BonzongoandGao/UniversityofFlorida Characterization and Leachability of Coal Combustion Residues an important solid waste in Florida, i.e., coal combustion residues (CCR) detailed in #2-4 of the current
Ma, Lena
Three-Dimensional Residual Tidal Circulation in an Elongated, Rotating Basin
The three-dimensional residual circulation driven by tides in an elongated basin of arbitrary depth is described with a small amplitude, constant density model on the f plane. The inclusion of rotation fundamentally alters the residual flow. With ...
Clinton D. Winant
Residual fuel consumption in the U.S. continues to decline - Today ...
Crude oil , gasoline, heating ... in the late 1970s, demand for residual fuel oil in the United ... Changes on both the residual fuel supply and demand side of the ...
European experience in transport / storage cask for vitrified residues
Because of the evolution of burnup of spent fuel to be reprocessed, the high activity vitrified residues would not be transported in the existing cask designs. Therefore, TN International has decided in the late nineties to develop a brand new design of casks with optimized capacity able to store and transport the most active and hottest canisters: the TN{sup TM}81 casks currently in use in Switzerland and the TN{sup TM}85 cask which shall permit in the near future in Germany the storage and the transport of the most active vitrified residues defining a thermal power of 56 kW (kilowatts). The challenges for the TN{sup TM}81 and TN{sup TM}85 cask designs were that the geometry entry data were very restrictive and were combined with a fairly wide range set by the AREVA NC Specification relative to vitrified residue canister. The TN{sup TM}81 and the TN{sup TM}85 casks have been designed to fully anticipate shipment constraints of the present vitrified residue production. It also used the feedback of current shipments and the operational constraints and experience of receiving and shipping facilities. The casks had to fit as much as possible in the existing procedures for the already existing flasks such as the TN{sup TM}28 cask and TS 28 V cask, all along the logistics chain of loading, unloading, transport and maintenance. In addition, years of feedback and experience in design and operations - together with ever improved materials - have allowed finding further optimization of this type of cask design. In order to increase the loading capacity in terms of radioactive source terms and heat load by 40%, the cask design relies on innovative solutions and benchmarks from the current shipping campaigns. Currently, TN{sup TM}81 and TN{sup TM}85 are the only licensed casks that can transport and store 28 canisters with a total decay heat of 56 kW. It contributes to optimise the number of required transports to bring back high level waste residues to their producers. Three units have already been loaded and transported to ZWILAG (Zwischenlager Wuerenlingen AG) in Switzerland where they are stored for 40 years. Based on the same design but integrating the German Authorities and German users specificities, the TN{sup TM}85 cask is dedicated to the transport and storage of vitrified residues to Germany. It is presently at the final licensing stage. The transport cask approval expertise has now been granted, and the storage expertise is in the final steps. The first transport with TN{sup TM}85 cask is scheduled up to now in 2007 and the commissioning operations are under preparation. These two casks are key elements for the whole reprocessing system of AREVA as they enable the transport and the storage of the vitrified residues. (authors)
Blachet, L.; Otton, C.; Sicard, D. [AREVA TN International (France)
St-Onge, G., and J.S. Stoner. 2011. Paleomagnetism near the North Magnetic Pole: A unique vantage point for understanding the dynamics of the geomagnetic field and its secular
vantage point for understanding the dynamics of the geomagnetic field and its secular variationsOmagNeTiSm Near The NOrTh magNeTiC pOle a unique Vantage point for understanding the Dynamics of the geomagnetic Field and its Secular Variations abSTraCT. Along with the dramatic decrease in global geomagnetic field
Environmental and economic evaluation of energy recovery from agricultural and forestry residues
Four conversion methods and five residues are examined in this report, which describes six model systems: hydrolysis of corn residues, pyrolysis of corn residues, combustion of cotton-ginning residues, pyrolysis of wheat residues, fermentation of molasses, and combustion of pulp and papermill wastes. Estimates of material and energy flows for those systems are given per 10/sup 12/ Btu of recovered energy. Regional effects are incorporated by addressing the regionalized production of the residues. A national scope cannot be provided for every residue considered because of the biological and physical constraints of crop production. Thus, regionalization of the model systems to the primary production region for the crop from which the residue is obtained has been undertaken. The associated environmental consequences of residue utilization are then assessed for the production region. In addition, the environmental impacts of operating the model systems are examined by quantifying the residuals generated and the land, water, and material requirements per 10/sup 12/ Btu of energy generated. On the basis of estimates found in the literature, capital, operating, and maintenance cost estimates are given for the model systems. These data are also computed on the basis of 10/sup 12/ Btu of energy recovered. The cost, residual, material, land, and water data were then organized into a format acceptable for input into the SEAS data management program. The study indicates that the most serious environmental impacts arise from residue removal rather than from conversion.
Modelling of residual stresses in the shot peened material C-1020 by artificial neural network
This study consists of two cases: (i) The experimental analysis: Shot peening is a method to improve the resistance of metal pieces to fatigue by creating regions of residual stress. In this study, the residual stresses induced in steel specimen type ... Keywords: Artificial neural network, Layer removal technique, Residual stresses, Shot peening
Cetin Karata?; Adnan Sozen; Emrah Dulek
Fuel gas production from animal residue. Dynatech report No. 1551
A comprehensive mathematical model description of anaerobic digestion of animal residues was developed, taking into account material and energy balances, kinetics, and economics of the process. The model has the flexibility to be applicable to residues from any size or type of animal husbandry operation. A computer program was written for this model and includes a routine for optimization to minimum unit gas cost, with the optimization variables being digester temperature, retention time, and influent volatile solids concentration. The computer program was used to determine the optimum base-line process conditions and economics for fuel gas production via anaerobic digestion of residues from a 10,000 head environmental beef feedlot. This feedlot at the conditions for minimum unit gas cost will produce 300 MCF/day of methane at a cost of $5.17/MCF (CH/sub 4/), with a total capital requirement of $1,165,000, a total capital investment of $694,000, and an annual average net operating cost of $370,000. The major contributions to this unit gas cost are due to labor (37 percent), raw manure (11 percent), power for gas compression (10 percent), and digester cost (13 percent). A conceptual design of an anaerobic digestion process for the baseline conditions is presented. A sensitivity analysis of the unit gas cost to changes in the major contributions to unit gas cost was performed, and the results of this analysis indicate areas in the anaerobic digestion system design where reasonable improvements could be expected so as to produce gas at an economically feasible cost. This sensitivity analysis includes the effects on unit gas cost of feedlot size and type, digester type, digester operating conditions, and economic input data.
Ashare, E.; Wise, D.L.; Wentworth, R.L.
Integrating the Clearance in NPP Residual Material Management
Previous Experiences in decommissioning projects are being used to optimize the residual material management in NPP, metallic scrap usually. The approach is based in the availability of a materials Clearance MARSSIM-based methodology developed and licensed in Spain. A typical project includes the integration of segregation, decontamination, clearance, quality control and quality assurance activities. The design is based in the clearance methodology features translating them into standard operational procedures. In terms of ecological taxes and final disposal costs, significant amounts of money could be saved with this type of approaches. The last clearance project managed a total amount of 405 tons scrap metal and a similar amount of other residual materials occupying a volume of 1500 m{sup 3}. After less than a year of field works 251 tons were finally recycled in a non-licensed smelting facility. The balance was disposed as LILW. In the planning phase the estimated cost savings were 4.5 Meuro. However, today a VLLW option is available in European countries so, the estimated cost savings are reduced to 1.2 Meuro. In conclusion: the application of materials clearance in NPP decommissioning lessons learnt to the NPP residual material management is an interesting management option. This practice is currently going on in Spanish NPP and, in a preliminary view, is consistent with the new MARSAME Draft. An interesting parameter is the cost of 1 m3 of recyclable scrap. The above estimates are very project specific because in the segregation process other residual materials were involved. If the effect of this other materials is removed the estimated Unit Cost were in this project around 1700 euro/m{sup 3}, this figure is clearly below the above VLLW disposal cost of 2600 euro. In a future project it appears feasible to descend to 839 euro/m{sup 3} and if it became routine values and is used in big Decommissioning projects, around 600 euro/m{sup 3} or below possibly could be achieved. A rough economical analysis permits to estimate a saving around 2000 US$ to 13000 US$ per cubic meter of steel scrap according the variability of materials and disposal costs. Many learnt lessons of this practice were used as a feed back in the planning of characterization activities for decommissioning a Spanish NPP and today are considered as a significant reference in our Decommissioning engineering approaches.
Garcia-Bermejo, R.; Lamela, B. [Iberdrola Ingenieria y Construccion, Jose Bardasano Baos 28036, Madrid (Spain)
Residue arithmetic circuit design based on integrated optics
Hybrid circuits containing integrated optical detectors, waveguides, and electro-optic switches can be used to perform a variety of digital logic operations. In combining the hybrid circuits with the carry-free residue arithmetic algorithm, different modules are designed to perform basic arithmetic operations, encoding, decoding, and scaling. Based on pipelining and parallel concepts, a vector-vector multiplier is designed to yield very high throughput rate for application involving traditionally slow computation such as matrix-vector multiplication and polynomial evaluation. 18 references.
Huang, S.Y.; Lee, S.H.
Residual stress measurement and microstructural characterization of thick beryllium films
Beryllium films are synthesized by a magnetron sputtering technique incorporating in-situ residual stress measurement. Monitoring the stress evolution in real time provides quantitative through-thickness information on the effects of various processing parameters, including sputtering gas pressure and substrate biasing. Specimens produced over a wide range of stress states are characterized via transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy, in order to correlate the stress data with microstructure. A columnar grain structure is observed for all specimens, and surface morphology is found to be strongly dependent on processing conditions. Analytical models of stress generation are reviewed and discussed in terms of the observed microstructure.
Detor, A; Wang, M; Hodge, A M; Chason, E; Walton, C; Hamza, A V; Xu, H; Nikroo, A
Radon transform on a space over a residue class ring
The functions on a space of dimension N over the residue class ring Z{sub n} modulo n that are invariant with respect to the group GL(N,Z{sub n}) form a commutative convolution algebra. We describe the structure of this algebra and find the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the operators of multiplication by elements of this algebra. The results thus obtained are applied to solve the inverse problem for the hyperplane Radon transform on Z{sup N}{sub n}. Bibliography: 2 titles.
Molchanov, Vladimir F [Tambov State University, Tambov (Russian Federation)
Microbiological Production of Surfactant from Agricultural Residuals for IOR Application
Utilization of surfactants for improved oil recovery (IOR) is an accepted technique with high potential. However, technology application is frequently limited by cost. Biosurfactants (surface-active molecules produced by microorganisms) are not widely utilized in the petroleum industry due to high production costs associated with use of expensive substrates and inefficient product recovery methods. The economics of biosurfactant production could be significantly impacted through use of media optimization and application of inexpensive carbon substrates such as agricultural process residuals. Utilization of biosurfactants produced from agricultural residuals may 1) result in an economic advantage for surfactant production and technology application, and 2) convert a substantial agricultural waste stream to a value-added product for IOR. A biosurfactant with high potential for use is surfactin, a lipopeptide biosurfactant, produced by Bacillus subtilis. Reported here is the production and potential IOR utilization of surfactin produced by Bacillus subtilis (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 21332) from starch-based media. Production of surfactants from microbiological growth media based on simple sugars, chemically pure starch medium, simulated liquid and solid potato-process effluent media, a commercially prepared potato starch in mineral salts, and process effluent from a potato processor is discussed. Additionally, the effect of chemical and physical pretreatments on starchy feedstocks is discussed.
Bala, Greg Alan; Bruhn, Debby Fox; Fox, Sandra Lynn; Noah, Karl Scott; Thompson, David Neal
Magnetic separation as a plutonium residue enrichment process
We have subjected several plutonium contaminated residues to Open Gradient Magnetic Separation (OGMS) on an experimental scale. Separation of graphite, bomb reduction sand, and bomb reduction sand, and bomb reduction sand, slag, and crucible, resulted in a plutonium rich fraction and a plutonium lean fraction. The lean fraction varied between about 20% to 85% of the feed bulk. The plutonium content of the lean fraction can be reduced from about 2% in the feed to the 0.1% to 0.5% range dependent on the portion of the feed rejected to this lean fraction. These values are low enough in plutonium to meet economic discard limits and be considered for direct discard. Magnetic separation of direct oxide reduction and electrorefining pyrochemical salts gave less favorable results. While a fraction very rich in plutonium could be obtained, the plutonium content of the lean fraction was to high for direct discard. This may still have chemical processing applications. OGMS experiments at low magnetic field strength on incinerator ash did give two fractions but the plutonium content of each fraction was essentially identical. Thus, no chemical processing advantage was identified for magnetic separation of this residue. The detailed results of these experiments and the implications for OGMS use in recycle plutonium processing are discussed. 4 refs., 3 figs., 9 tabs.
Avens, L.R.; McFarlan, J.T.; Gallegos, U.F.
Study on leaching vanadium from roasted residue of stone coal
In China, the total reserves of vanadium, reported as V{sub 2}O{sub 5}, in stone coal is 118 Mt (130 million st). Recovering vanadium from such a large resource is very important to China's vanadium industry. The technology now being used to recover vanadium from stone coal has the following two problems in the leaching process: a low recovery of vanadium and high acid consumption. To resolve these problems, a new leaching technology is proposed. The effects of factors such as H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} concentration, liquid-solid ratio, temperature and time, and the types and additions of additives were studied. By adding 1.5% (by weight) CaF2 and leaching the roasted residue of stone coal with 5.4% (by weight) sulfuric acid at 90{sup o}C for 12 hours at a liquid-solid ratio of 2 mL/g, the leaching degree of vanadium reached 83.10%. This proposed leaching technology gives a feasible alternative for the processing of roasting residue of stone coal and can be applied in the comprehensive utilization of stone coal ores in China.
He, D.; Feng, Q.; Zhang, G.; Luo, W.; Ou, L. [Central South University, Changsha (China)
Neutrino Data from the Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA), the Predecessor of IceCube at the South Pole
IceCube is a neutrino observatory for astrophysics with parts buried below the surface of the ice at the South Pole and an air-shower detector array exposed above. The international group of sponsors, led by the National Science Foundation (NSF), that designed and implemented the experiment intends for IceCube to operate and provide data for 20 years. Beginning in 2011, IceCube will record the interactions produced by astrophysical neutrinos with energies above 100 GeV, observing the Cherenkov radiation from charged particles produced in neutrino interactions. Its goal is to discover the sources of high-energy cosmic rays. These sources may be active galactic nuclei (AGNs) or massive, collapsed stars where black holes have formed.[Taken from http://www.icecube.wisc.edu/] The data currently available are from AMANDA, IceCube's predecessor detector and experiment. AMANDA pioneered neutrino detection in ice. Over a period of years in the 1990s, detecting "strings" were buried and activated and by 2000, AMANDA was successfully recording an average of 1,000 neutrino events per year. IceCube will be a bigger and better version of AMANDA. Collected data have to be analyzed and processed, including a challenging process known as event reconstruction. The publicly available data are released after the main analyses are completed and results are published by the international AMANDA/IceCube Collaboration. The first set of data are from 2000 – 2006 and contain 6595 neutrino events.
Inelastic {sup 17}F(p,p){sup 17}F scattering at E{sub c.m.}=3 MeV and the {sup 14}O(alpha,p){sup 17}F reaction rate
The {sup 14}O(alpha,p){sup 17}F reaction is an important trigger reaction leading to the alphap process in x-ray bursts. The inclusion of reaction channels populating excited {sup 17}F levels may significantly increase the calculated {sup 14}O(alpha,p){sup 17}F reaction rate. A radioactive {sup 17}F beam was used at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility to search for a {sup 18}Ne resonance at E{sub c.m.}({sup 17}F+p)approx =3.1 MeV that had been previously suggested to decay strongly to the first excited level in {sup 17}F. No evidence, however, of inelastic {sup 17}F+p scattering was observed at this energy, and an upper limit of approx10 mb has been set on the inelastic-scattering cross section.
Bardayan, D. W.; Nesaraja, C. D.; Smith, M. S. [Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 (United States); Blackmon, J. C.; Matos, M. [Deptartment of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (United States); Chae, K. Y.; Moazen, B. H.; Pittman, S. T. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 (United States); Howard, M. E.; Peters, W. A.; Spassova, I. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903 (United States); Matei, C. [Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 (United States); Martin, W. [Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 (United States)
A Multi-Factor Analysis of Sustainable Agricultural Residue Removal Potential
Agricultural residues have significant potential as a near term source of cellulosic biomass for bioenergy production, but sustainable removal of agricultural residues requires consideration of the critical roles that residues play in the agronomic system. Previous work has developed an integrated model to evaluate sustainable agricultural residue removal potential considering soil erosion, soil organic carbon, greenhouse gas emission, and long-term yield impacts of residue removal practices. The integrated model couples the environmental process models WEPS, RUSLE2, SCI, and DAYCENT. This study uses the integrated model to investigate the impact of interval removal practices in Boone County, Iowa, US. Residue removal of 4.5 Mg/ha was performed annually, bi-annually, and tri-annually and were compared to no residue removal. The study is performed at the soil type scale using a national soil survey database assuming a continuous corn rotation with reduced tillage. Results are aggregated across soil types to provide county level estimates of soil organic carbon changes and individual soil type soil organic matter content if interval residue removal were implemented. Results show interval residue removal is possible while improving soil organic matter. Implementation of interval removal practices provide greater increases in soil organic matter while still providing substantial residue for bioenergy production.
Jared Abodeely; David Muth; Paul Adler; Eleanor Campbell; Kenneth Mark Bryden
Mineral Sequestration Utilizing Industrial By-Products, Residues, and Minerals
J. Fauth and Yee Soong J. Fauth and Yee Soong U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory Pittsburgh PA, 15236-0940 Mineral Sequestration Workshop National Energy Technology Laboratory August 8, 2001 Mineral Sequestration Utilizing Industrial By-Products, Residues, and Minerals Mineral Sequestration Workshop, U.S. Department of Energy, NETL, August 8, 2001 Overview * Introduction - Objective - Goals - NETL Facilities * Effect of Solution Chemistry on Carbonation Efficiency - Buffered Solution + NaCl - Buffered Solution + MEA * Effect of Pretreatment on Carbonation Efficiency - Thermal Treatments - Chemical Treatments * Carbonation Reaction with Ultramafic Minerals - Serpentine - Olivine Mineral Sequestration Workshop, U.S. Department of Energy, NETL, August 8, 2001 Overview * Carbonation Reaction with Industrial By-products
Residual stress measurement using the pulsed neutron source at LANSCE
The presence of residual stress in engineering components can effect their mechanical properties and structural integrity. Neutron diffraction is the only measuring technique which can make spatially resolved non-destructive strain measurements in the interior of components. By recording the change in the crystalline interplanar spacing, elastic strains can be measured for individual lattice reflections. Using a pulsed neutron source, all the lattice reflections are recorded in each measurement which allows anisotropic effects to be studied. Measurements made at the Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Centre (LANSCE) demonstrate the potential for stress measurements on a pulsed source and indicate the advantages and disadvantages over measurements made on a reactor. 15 refs., 7 figs.
Bourke, M.A.M.; Goldstone, J.A. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA)); Holden, T.M. (Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, ON (Canada))
Residual energy in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and in the solar wind
Recent observations indicate that kinetic and magnetic energies are not in equipartition in the solar wind turbulence. Rather, magnetic fluctuations are more energetic and have somewhat steeper energy spectrum compared to the velocity fluctuations. This leads to the presence of the so-called residual energy E_r=E_v-E_b in the inertial interval of turbulence. This puzzling effect is addressed in the present paper in the framework of weak turbulence theory. Using a simple model of weakly colliding Alfv\\'en waves, we demonstrate that the kinetic-magnetic equipartition indeed gets broken as a result of nonlinear interaction of Alfv\\'en waves. We establish that magnetic energy is indeed generated more efficiently as a result of these interactions, which proposes an explanation for the solar wind observations.
Stanislav Boldyrev; Jean Carlos Perez; Vladimir Zhdankin
Cost Methodology for Biomass Feedstocks: Herbaceous Crops and Agricultural Residues
This report describes a set of procedures and assumptions used to estimate production and logistics costs of bioenergy feedstocks from herbaceous crops and agricultural residues. The engineering-economic analysis discussed here is based on methodologies developed by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) and the American Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA). An engineering-economic analysis approach was chosen due to lack of historical cost data for bioenergy feedstocks. Instead, costs are calculated using assumptions for equipment performance, input prices, and yield data derived from equipment manufacturers, research literature, and/or standards. Cost estimates account for fixed and variable costs. Several examples of this costing methodology used to estimate feedstock logistics costs are included at the end of this report.
Turhollow Jr, Anthony F [ORNL; Webb, Erin [ORNL; Sokhansanj, Shahabaddine [ORNL
Modeling and experimental measurements of residual stress using synchrotron radiation
This work was an extension of recent LLNL-related efforts to determine the most effective method for determining residual stress in metal components by non-destructive techniques. These activities have included neutron diffraction, x-ray diffraction, and ultrasonics. In 1988, we recognized that the newly installed UC/LLNL beam line at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) could be applied to determining lattice strains in a fashion helpful to our overall research goals. Pioneering work using synchrotron radiation for stress measurements had been reported in Japan. Benefits of a synchrotron source to our studies include a highly intense and monochromatic beam, with variable energies (allowing significant sample penetration) and very low beam divergence. 10 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.
Shackelford, J.F.
Continuous-wave quasi-phase-matched generation of 60thinspthinspmW at 465thinspthinspnm by single-pass frequency doubling of a laser diode in backswitch-poled lithium niobate
We report continuous-wave single-pass second-harmonic generation (SHG) in 4-{mu}m -period 0.5-mm-thick backswitch-poled lithium niobate. Pump sources at 920{endash}930thinspthinspnm include both Ti:sapphire and diode-oscillator{endash}amplifier lasers. SHG of a Ti:sapphire laser at 6.1{percent}/W efficiency, producing 61thinspthinspmW of power at 460thinspthinspnm, is demonstrated in 50-mm-long periodically poled lithium niobate samples with a nonlinear coefficient d{sub eff}{approx}9 pm/V , and 60thinspthinspmW at 465thinspthinspnm and 2.8{percent}/W efficiency is obtained by SHG of a laser-diode source. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital Optical Society of America}
Batchko, R.G.; Fejer, M.M.; Byer, R.L. [Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4085 (United States); Woll, D.; Wallenstein, R. [Fachbereich Physik, Universitaet Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 46, D-67663 Kaiserslautern (Germany); Shur, V.Y. [Institute of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Ural State University, Ekaterinburg 620083 (Russia); Erman, L. [Coherent Laser Group, 5100 Patrick Henry Drive, Santa Clara, California 95054 (United States)
Black carbon enrichment in atmospheric ice particle residuals observed in lower tropospheric mixed phase clouds
The enrichment of black carbon (BC) in residuals of small ice crystals was investigated during intensive experiments in winter 2004 and 2005 at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl, Switzerland). Two inlets were used to sample the bulk aerosol (residuals of cloud droplets and ice crystals as well as non-activated aerosol particles) and the residual particles of small ice crystals (diameter 5 - 20 ?m). An enrichment of the BC mass fraction in the ice particle residuals was observed by investigating the measured BC mass concentration as a fraction of the bulk (submicrometer) aerosol mass concentration sampled by the two inlets. On average, the BC mass fraction was 5% for the bulk aerosol and 27% for the ice particle residuals. The observed enrichment of BC in ice particle residuals suggests that BC containing particles preferentially act as ice nuclei, with important implications for the indirect aerosol effect via glaciation of clouds.
Cozic, J.; Mertes, S.; Verheggen, B.; Cziczo, Daniel J.; Gallavardin, S. J.; Walter, S.; Baltensperger, Urs; Weingartner, E.
Black carbon enrichment in atmospheric ice particle residuals observed in lower trophospheric mixed phase clouds
The enrichment of black carbon (BC) in residuals of small ice particles was investigated during intensive experiments in winter 2004 and 2005 at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl, Switzerland). Two inlets were used to sample the bulk aerosol (residuals of cloud droplets and ice crystals as well as non-activated aerosol particles) and the residual particles of small ice crystals (diameter 5 - 20 m). An enrichment of the BC mass fraction in the ice particle residuals was observed by investigating the measured BC mass concentration as a fraction of the bulk (submicrometer) aerosol mass concentration sampled by the two inlets. On average, the BC mass fraction was 5% for the bulk aerosol and 14% for the ice particle residuals. The observed enrichment of BC in ice particle residuals suggests that BC may act as ice nuclei, with important implications for the indirect aerosol effect via glaciation of clouds.
Cozic, J.; Mertes, S.; Verheggen, B.; Cziczo, Dan; Gallavardin, S. J.; Walter, S.; Baltensperger, Urs; Weingartner, E.
The effects of non-hydrostatic compression and applied electric field on the electromechanical behavior of poled PZT 95/5-2Nb ceramic during the F{sub R1} {yields} A{sub 0} polymorphic phase transformation
We conducted hydrostatic and constant-stress-difference (CSD) experiments at room temperature on two different sintered batches of poled, niobium-doped lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic (PZT 95/5-2Nb). The objective of this test plan was to quantify the effects of nonhydrostatic stress on the electromechanical behavior of the ceramic during the ferroelectric, rhombohedral {yields} antiferroelectric, orthorhombic (FE {yields} AFE) phase transformation. We also performed a series of hydrostatic and triaxial compression experiments in which a 1000 V potential was applied to poled specimens to evaluate any effect of a sustained bias on the transformation. As we predicted from earlier tests on unpoled PZT 95/5-2Nb, increasing the stress difference up to 200 MPa (corresponding to a maximum resolved shear stress of 100 MPa) decreases the mean stress and confining pressure at which the transformation occurs by 25--33%, for both biased and unbiased conditions. This same stress difference also retards the rate of transformation at constant pressurization rate, resulting in reductions of up to an order of magnitude in the rate of charge release and peak voltage attained in our tests. This shear stress-voltage effect offers a plausible, though qualitative explanation for certain systematic failures that have occurred in neutron generator power supplies when seemingly minor design changes have been made. Transformation strains in poled ceramic are anisotropic (differing by up to 33%) in hydrostatic compression, and even more anisotropic under non-hydrostatic stress states. Application of a 1000 V bias appears to slightly increase (by {le}2%) the transformation pressure for poled ceramic, but evidence for this conclusion is weak.
Zeuch, D.H.; Montgomery, S.T.; Zimmerer, D.J.
pi. pi. scattering by pole extrapolation methods. [2. 67 GeV/c, angular distribution, Chew-Low and Durr-Pilkum methods, OPE model, isospin
A 25-inch hydrogen bubble chamber was used at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Bevatron to produce 300,000 pictures of ..pi../sup +/p interactions at an incident momentum of the ..pi../sup +/ of 2.67 GeV/c. The 2-prong events were processed using the FSD and the FOG-CLOUDY-FAIR data reduction system. Events of the nature ..pi../sup +/p ..-->.. ..pi../sup +/p..pi../sup 0/ and ..pi../sup +/p ..-->.. ..pi../sup +/..pi../sup +/n with values of momentum transfer to the proton of -t less than or equal to 0.238 GeV/sup 2/ were selected. These events were used to extrapolate to the pion pole (t = m/sub ..pi..//sup 2/) in order to investigate the ..pi.. ..pi.. interaction with isospins of both T = 1 and T = 2. Two methods were used to do the extrapolation: the original Chew-Low method developed in 1959 and the Durr-Pilkuhn method developed in 1965 which takes into account centrifugal barrier penetration factors. At first it seemed that, while the Durr-Pilkuhn method gave better values for the total ..pi.. ..pi.. cross section, the Chew-Low method gave better values for the angular distribution. Further analysis, however, showed that if the requirement of total OPE (one-pion-exchange) were dropped, then the Durr-Pilkuhn method gave more reasonable values of the angular distribution as well as for the total ..pi.. ..pi.. cross section.
Lott, F.W. III
Feasibility analysis of gasification for energy recovery from residual solid waste in Humboldt County.
??This analysis investigates the feasibility of implementing a gasification system to process residual solid waste in Humboldt County. The Humboldt Waste Management Authority manages 70,000… (more)
Hervin, Kirstin
Table 47. Refiner Residual Fuel Oil and No. 4 Fuel Volumes by...
Information Administration Petroleum Marketing Annual 1996 Table 47. Refiner Residual Fuel Oil and No. 4 Fuel Volumes by PAD District (Thousand Gallons per Day) - Continued...
New England (PADD 1A) Residual Fuel Oil Prices by Sales Type
Information AdministrationPetroleum Marketing Annual 1999 Table 47. Refiner Residual Fuel Oil and No. 4 Fuel Volumes by PAD District (Thousand Gallons per Day) - Continued...
"Table A10. Total Consumption of LPG, Distillate Fuel Oil, and Residual Fuel"
0. Total Consumption of LPG, Distillate Fuel Oil, and Residual Fuel" 0. Total Consumption of LPG, Distillate Fuel Oil, and Residual Fuel" " Oil for Selected Purposes by Census Region and Economic Characteristics of the" " Establishment, 1991" " (Estimates in Barrels per Day)" ,,,," Inputs for Heat",,," Primary Consumption" " "," Primary Consumption for all Purposes",,," Power, and Generation of Electricity",,," for Nonfuel Purposes",,,"RSE" ," ------------------------------------",,," ------------------------------------",,," -------------------------------",,,"Row" "Economic Characteristics(a)","LPG","Distillate(b)","Residual","LPG","Distillate(b)","Residual","LPG","Distillate(b)","Residual","Factors"
Gas Generation Test Support for Transportation and Storage of Plutonium Residue Materials - Part 1: Rocky Flats Sand, Slag, and Crucible Residues
The purpose of this report is to present experimental results that can be used to establish one segment of the safety basis for transportation and storage of plutonium residue materials.
Livingston, R.R.
Silicon Isotopic Fractionation of CAI-like Vacuum Evaporation Residues
Calcium-, aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) are often enriched in the heavy isotopes of magnesium and silicon relative to bulk solar system materials. It is likely that these isotopic enrichments resulted from evaporative mass loss of magnesium and silicon from early solar system condensates while they were molten during one or more high-temperature reheating events. Quantitative interpretation of these enrichments requires laboratory determinations of the evaporation kinetics and associated isotopic fractionation effects for these elements. The experimental data for the kinetics of evaporation of magnesium and silicon and the evaporative isotopic fractionation of magnesium is reasonably complete for Type B CAI liquids (Richter et al., 2002, 2007a). However, the isotopic fractionation factor for silicon evaporating from such liquids has not been as extensively studied. Here we report new ion microprobe silicon isotopic measurements of residual glass from partial evaporation of Type B CAI liquids into vacuum. The silicon isotopic fractionation is reported as a kinetic fractionation factor, {alpha}{sub Si}, corresponding to the ratio of the silicon isotopic composition of the evaporation flux to that of the residual silicate liquid. For CAI-like melts, we find that {alpha}{sub Si} = 0.98985 {+-} 0.00044 (2{sigma}) for {sup 29}Si/{sup 28}Si with no resolvable variation with temperature over the temperature range of the experiments, 1600-1900 C. This value is different from what has been reported for evaporation of liquid Mg{sub 2}SiO{sub 4} (Davis et al., 1990) and of a melt with CI chondritic proportions of the major elements (Wang et al., 2001). There appears to be some compositional control on {alpha}{sub Si}, whereas no compositional effects have been reported for {alpha}{sub Mg}. We use the values of {alpha}Si and {alpha}Mg, to calculate the chemical compositions of the unevaporated precursors of a number of isotopically fractionated CAIs from CV chondrites whose chemical compositions and magnesium and silicon isotopic compositions have been previously measured.
Knight, K; Kita, N; Mendybaev, R; Richter, F; Davis, A; Valley, J
At the end of 2002, the Experimental Breeder Reactor Two (EBR-II) facility became a U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) permitted site, and the RCRA permit1 compelled further treatment of the residual sodium in order to convert it into a less reactive chemical form and remove the by-products from the facility, so that a state of RCRA 'closure' for the facility may be achieved (42 U.S.C. 6901-6992k, 2002). In response to this regulatory driver, and in recognition of project budgetary and safety constraints, it was decided to treat the residual sodium in the EBR-II primary and secondary sodium systems using a process known as 'carbonation.' In early EBR-II post-operation documentation, this process is also called 'passivation.' In the carbonation process (Sherman and Henslee, 2005), the system containing residual sodium is flushed with humidified carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}). The water vapor in the flush gas reacts with residual sodium to form sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and the CO{sub 2} in the flush gas reacts with the newly formed NaOH to make sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO{sub 3}). Hydrogen gas (H{sub 2}) is produced as a by-product. The chemical reactions occur at the exposed surface of the residual sodium. The NaHCO{sub 3} layer that forms is porous, and humidified carbon dioxide can penetrate the NaHCO{sub 3} layer to continue reacting residual sodium underneath. The rate of reaction is controlled by the thickness of the NaHCO{sub 3} surface layer, the moisture input rate, and the residual sodium exposed surface area. At the end of carbonation, approximately 780 liters of residual sodium in the EBR-II primary tank ({approx}70% of original inventory), and just under 190 liters of residual sodium in the EBR-II secondary sodium system ({approx}50% of original inventory), were converted into NaHCO{sub 3}. No bare surfaces of residual sodium remained after treatment, and all remaining residual sodium deposits are covered by a layer of NaHCO{sub 3}. From a safety standpoint, the inventory of residual sodium in these systems was greatly reduced by using the carbonation process. From a regulatory standpoint, the process was not able to achieve deactivation of all residual sodium, and other more aggressive measures will be needed if the remaining residual sodium must also be deactivated to meet the requirements of the existing environmental permit. This chapter provides a project history and technical summary of the carbonation of EBR-II residual sodium. Options for future treatment are also discussed.
Sherman, S.; Knight, C.
Recovery of alkali metal constituents from catalytic coal conversion residues
In a coal gasification operation (32) or similar conversion process carried out in the presence of an alkali metal-containing catalyst wherein particles containing alkali metal residues are produced, alkali metal constituents are recovered from the particles by contacting them (46, 53, 61, 69) with water or an aqueous solution to remove water-soluble alkali metal constituents and produce an aqueous solution enriched in said constituents. The aqueous solution thus produced is then contacted with carbon dioxide (63) to precipitate silicon constituents, the pH of the resultant solution is increased (81), preferably to a value in the range between about 12.5 and about 15.0, and the solution of increased pH is evaporated (84) to increase the alkali metal concentration. The concentrated aqueous solution is then recycled to the conversion process (86, 18, 17) where the alkali metal constituents serve as at least a portion of the alkali metal constituents which comprise the alkali metal-containing catalyst.
Soung, Wen Y. (Houston, TX)
Treatment of plutonium process residues by molten salt oxidation
Molten Salt Oxidation (MSO) is a thermal process that can remove more than 99.999% of the organic matrix from combustible {sup 238}Pu material. Plutonium processing residues are injected into a molten salt bed with an excess of air. The salt (sodium carbonate) functions as a catalyst for the conversion of the organic material to carbon dioxide and water. Reactive species such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, sulfur, phosphorous and arsenic in the organic waste react with the molten salt to form the corresponding neutralized salts, NaF, NaCl, NaBr, NaI, Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4}, Na{sub 3}PO{sub 4} and NaAsO{sub 2} or Na{sub 3}AsO4. Plutonium and other metals react with the molten salt and air to form metal salts or oxides. Saturated salt will be recycled and aqueous chemical separation will be used to recover the {sup 238}Pu. The Los Alamos National Laboratory system, which is currently in the conceptual design stage, will be scaled down from current systems for use inside a glovebox.
Stimmel, J.; Wishau, R.; Ramsey, K.B.; Montoya, A.; Brock, J. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Heslop, M. [Naval Surface Warfare Center (United States). Indian Head Div.; Wernly, K. [Molten Salt Oxidation Corp. (United States)
Process to produce SNG from residue oil shows promise
As supplies of natural gas from the more accessible fields dwindle, manufactured substitute natural gas (SNG) will become increasingly valuable as an energy source. To begin with it will be used to supplement supplies during peak load periods in cold weather; but eventually its role will be extended to base load supplies. Feedstock availability is an important factor in producing gas economically; therefore, the gas industry in Britain has developed a number of processes using a range of coal and oil feedstocks. British Gas has now successfully completed a major research program that will enable it to produce SNG from low value residue oil. This is the near solid ''bottom of the barrel'' oil that previously only power plants and refineries were able to use with any success. The process has been developed in collaboration with Osaka Gas of Japan. British Gas signed an agreement in 1981 to extend the existing range of oil feedstocks suitable for gasification, and the Japanese company has contributed some pounds9 million ($10.8 million).
Wood, R.
Environmental impact of landfill disposal of selected geothermal residues
A solid waste is classified as hazardous if it contains sufficient leachable components to contaminate the groundwater and the environment if disposed in a landfill. Scale, sludge and drilling mud from three geothermal fields (Bulalo, Phlippines; Cerro Prieto, Mexico; and Dixie Valley, USA) containing regulated elements at levels above the earth's crustal abundance were studied for their leachability. Cr, As, Cu, Zn and Pb were detected at levels which could impair groundwater quality if leaching occurred. Several procedures were used to assess the likely risk posed by the residues : protocol leaching tests (Canadian LEP and US TCLP), toxicity testing, accelerated weathering test, and a preliminary acid mine drainage potential test. Whole rock analysis, X-ray diffraction, and radioactivity counting were also performed to characterize the samples. Toxi-chromotest and SOS-chromotest results were negative for all samples. Leachng tests indicated that all of them could be classified as nonhazardous wastes. Only one of the six showed a low-level radioactivity based on its high Pb-210 activity. Initial tests for acidification potential gave positive results for three out of six samples whle none of the regulated elements were found in the leachate after accelerated weathering experiment for three months.
Peralta, G.L.; Graydon, J.W.; Seyfried, P.L.; Kirk, D.W.
Transport of Explosive Residue Surrogates in Saturated Porous Media
Department of Defense operational ranges may become contaminated by particles of explosives residues (ER) as a result of low-order detonations of munitions. The goal of this study was to determine the extent to which particles of ER could migrate through columns of sandy sediment, representing model aquifer materials. Transport experiments were conducted in saturated columns (2 x 20 cm) packed with different grain sizes of clean sand or glass beads. Fine particles (approximately 2 to 50 {mu}m) of 2,6-dinitrotoluene (DNT) were used as a surrogate for ER. DNT particles were applied to the top 1 cm of sand or beads in the columns, and the columns were subsequently leached with artificial groundwater solutions. DNT migration occurred as both dissolved and particulate phases. Concentration differences between unfiltered and filtered samples indicate that particulate DNT accounted for up to 41% of the mass recovered in effluent samples. Proportionally, more particulate than dissolved DNT was recovered in effluent solutions from columns with larger grain sizes, while total concentrations of DNT in effluent were inversely related to grain size. Of the total DNT mass applied to the uppermost layer of the column, <3% was recovered in the effluent with the bulk remaining in the top 2 cm of the column. Our results suggest there is some potential for subsurface migration of ER particles and that most of the particles will be retained over relatively short transport distances.
Lavoie, Bethsheba [ORNL; Mayes, Melanie [ORNL; McKay, Larry Donald [ORNL
Using mobile distributed pyrolysis facilities to deliver a forest residue resource for bio-fuel production
Using mobile distributed pyrolysis facilities to deliver a forest residue resource for bio Committee Using mobile distributed pyrolysis facilities to deliver a forest residue resource for bio to more energy dense substances (bio-oil, bio-slurry or torrefied wood) that can be transported
Victoria, University of
The Structure of Three-Dimensional Tide-Induced Current. Part II: Residual Currents
A simple method of computing the second-order, three-dimensional, tidally-induced residual current is presented. The depth-averaged residual current and the mean-surface gradient from the depth-averaged equations are first computed, assuming that ...
Kim-Tai Tee
Soil fertility and soil loss constraints on crop residue removal for energy production
A summary of the methodologies used to estimate the soil fertility and soil loss constraints on crop residue removal for energy production is presented. Estimates of excess residue are developed for wheat in north-central Oklahoma and for corn and soybeans in central Iowa. These sample farming situations are analyzed in other research in the Analysis Division of the Solar Energy Research Institute.
Flaim, S.
Management of high sulfur coal combustion residues, issues and practices: Proceedings
Papers presented at the following sessions are included in this proceedings: (1) overview topic; (2) characterization of coal combustion residues; (3) environmental impacts of residues management; (4) materials handling and utilization, Part I; and (5) materials handling and utilization, Part II. Selected paper have been processed separately for inclusion in the Energy Science and Technology Database.
Chugh, Y.P.; Beasley, G.A. [eds.
A method for in situ measurement of residual layer thickness in nano-imprint lithography
Nanoimprint lithography has the advantages of high throughput, sub-10-nm fabrication process, and low cost. However, residual layer encountered in the imprinting process requires removal through reactive ion etching to maintain pattern fidelity. This ... Keywords: Nanoimprint lithography (NIL), Non-destructive measurement, Residual layer, Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
Wei-Hsuan Hsu, Hong Hocheng, Jow-Tsong Shy
distant correlated mutations in E. coli thioredoxin. Our findings show that evolutionary anti- correlated of distant residue co-evolution in enzyme catalysis. The acquisition of adequate activity by an enzyme,10). Analysis of co-evolving residues has been used to explore functional coupling in processes like protein
Fernandez, Julio M.
Research article: Fine grained sampling of residue characteristics using molecular dynamics simulation
In a fine-grained computational analysis of protein structure, we investigated the relationships between a residue's backbone conformations and its side-chain packing as well as conformations. To produce continuous distributions in high resolution, we ... Keywords: Backbone conformation, Dynameome, Molecular dynamics simulation, Ramachandran plot, Residue volume, Rotamer, Side-chain packing
Hyun Joo; Xiaotao Qu; Rosemarie Swanson; C. Michael McCallum; Jerry Tsai
Burning Forest Residues231 Corstorphine Road www.forestry.gov.uk
1 Burning Forest Residues231 Corstorphine Road Edinburgh EH12 7AT www.forestry.gov.uk S E P T E M B E R 2 0 0 2 FCTN004 SUMMARY Burning forest residues is a traditional method of ground clearance following harvesting operations. Guidance is given on suitable types of cut material for burning, equipment
Residual biomass calculation from individual tree architecture using terrestrial laser scanner and ground-level measurements
Large quantity of residual biomass with possible energy and industrial end can be obtained from management operations of urban forests. The profitability of exploiting this resource is conditioned by the amount of existing biomass within urban community ... Keywords: Allometric relationships, Crown modeling, Residual biomass, TLS, Urban forest, Volume equations
A. FernáNdez-SarríA; B. VeláZquez-Martí; M. Sajdak; L. MartíNez; J. Estornell
Using the method of weighted residuals to compute potentials of mean force
We propose a general framework for approximating the potential of mean force (PMF) along a reaction coordinate in conformational space. This framework, based on the method of weighted residuals, can be viewed as a generalization of thermodynamic integration ... Keywords: Free energy, Histogram methods, Method of weighted residuals, Potential of mean force, Thermodynamic integration
Eric C. Cyr; Stephen D. Bond
U.S. Department of Energy Guidelines for Residual Radioactive Material at
U.S. Department of Energy Guidelines for Residual Radioactive U.S. Department of Energy Guidelines for Residual Radioactive Material at Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program and Remote Surplus Facilities Management Program Sites U.S. Department of Energy Guidelines for Residual Radioactive Material at Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program and Remote Surplus Facilities Management Program Sites U.S. Department of Energy Guidelines for Residual Radioactive Material at Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program and Remote Surplus Facilities Management Program Sites (Revision 2, March 1987) U.S. Department of Energy Guidelines for Residual Radioactive Material at Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program and Remote Surplus Facilities Management Program Sites (Revision 2, March 1987) More Documents & Publications
Vast Energy Resource in Residual Oil Zones, FE Study Says | Department of
Vast Energy Resource in Residual Oil Zones, FE Study Says Vast Energy Resource in Residual Oil Zones, FE Study Says Vast Energy Resource in Residual Oil Zones, FE Study Says July 20, 2012 - 1:00pm Addthis Washington, DC - Billions of barrels of oil that could increase domestic supply, help reduce imports, and increase U.S. energy security may be potentially recoverable from residual oil zones, according to initial findings from a study supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Fossil Energy (FE). The recently completed study, conducted by researchers at the University of Texas-Permian Basin (UTPB), is one of several FE-supported research projects providing insight that will help tap this valuable-but-overlooked resource. Residual oil zones, called ROZs, are areas of immobile oil found below the oil-water contact of a reservoir. ROZs are similar to reservoirs in the
Neutron diffraction measurements of residual stresses in friction stir welding: a review
Significant amounts of residual stresses are often generated during welding and result in critical degradation of the structural integrity and performance of components. Neutron diffraction has become a well established technique for the determination of residual stresses in welds because of the unique deep penetration, three-dimensional mapping capability, and volume averaged bulk measurements characteristic of the scattering neutron beam. Friction stir welding has gained prominence in recent years. The authors reviewed a number of neutron diffraction measurements of residual stresses in friction stir welds and highlighted examples addressing how the microstructures and residual stresses are correlated with each other. An example of in situ neutron diffraction measurement result shows the evolution of the residual stresses during welding.
Woo, Wan Chuck [ORNL; Feng, Zhili [ORNL; Wang, Xun-Li [ORNL; David, Stan A [ORNL
EA-1120: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at the Rocky
0: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at the 0: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, Golden, Colorado EA-1120: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, Golden, Colorado SUMMARY This EA evaluates the environmental impacts of the proposal to stabilize, if necessary, and/or repackage the residues for safe interim storage at the Site while awaiting the completion and opening of a suitable repository to which they would be shipped for disposal from the U.S. Department of Energy Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site in Golden, Colorado. PUBLIC COMMENT OPPORTUNITIES None available at this time. DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD April 1, 1996 EA-1120: Finding of No Significant Impact Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at the Rocky Flats
Command shaping for residual vibration free crane maneuvers
Cranes used in the construction and transportation industries are generally devices with multiple degrees of freedom including variable load-line length, variable jib length (usually via a trolley), and variable boom angles. Point-to-point payload maneuvers using cranes are performed so as not to excite the spherical pendulum modes of their cable and payload assemblies. Typically, these pendulum modes, although time-varying, exhibit low frequencies. Current crane maneuvers are therefore performed slowly contributing to high construction and transportation costs. This investigation details a general method for applying command shaping to various multiple degree of freedom cranes such that the payload moves to a specified point without residual oscillation. A dynamic programming method is used for general command shaping for optimal maneuvers. Computationally, the dynamic programming approach requires order M calculations to arrive at a solution, where M is the number of discretizations of the input commands. This feature is exploited for the crane command shaping problem allowing for rapid calculation of command histories. Fast generation of commands is a necessity for practical use of command shaping for the applications described in this work. These results are compared to near-optimal solutions where the commands are linear combinations of acceleration pulse basis functions. The pulse shape is required due to hardware requirements. The weights on the basis functions are chosen as the solution to a parameter optimization problem solved using a Recursive Quadratic Programming technique. Simulation results and experimental verification for a variable load-line length rotary crane are presented using both design procedures.
Parker, G.G.; Petterson, B.; Dohrmann, C.; Robinett, R.D.
Auto shredder residue recycling: Mechanical separation and pyrolysis
Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer In this work, we exploited mechanical separation and pyrolysis to recycle ASR. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Pyrolysis of the floating organic fraction is promising in reaching ELV Directive targets. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Zeolite catalyst improve pyrolysis oil and gas yield. - Abstract: sets a goal of 85% material recycling from end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) by the end of 2015. The current ELV recycling rate is around 80%, while the remaining waste is called automotive shredder residue (ASR), or car fluff. In Europe, this is mainly landfilled because it is extremely heterogeneous and often polluted with car fluids. Despite technical difficulties, in the coming years it will be necessary to recover materials from car fluff in order to meet the ELV Directive requirement. This study deals with ASR pretreatment and pyrolysis, and aims to determine whether the ELV material recycling target may be achieved by car fluff mechanical separation followed by pyrolysis with a bench scale reactor. Results show that flotation followed by pyrolysis of the light, organic fraction may be a suitable ASR recycling technique if the oil can be further refined and used as a chemical. Moreover, metals are liberated during thermal cracking and can be easily separated from the pyrolysis char, amounting to roughly 5% in mass. Lastly, pyrolysis can be a good starting point from a 'waste-to-chemicals' perspective, but further research should be done with a focus on oil and gas refining, in order both to make products suitable for the chemical industry and to render the whole recycling process economically feasible.
Santini, Alessandro [Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna (Italy); Passarini, Fabrizio, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna (Italy); Vassura, Ivano [Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna (Italy); Serrano, David; Dufour, Javier [Department of Chemical and Energy Technology, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/Tulipan s/n, 28933 Mostoles, Madrid (Spain); Instituto IMDEA Energy, c/Tulipan s/n, 28933 Mostoles, Madrid (Spain); Morselli, Luciano [Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna (Italy)
Sustainable agricultural residue removal for bioenergy: A spatially comprehensive US national assessment
This study provides a spatially comprehensive assessment of sustainable agricultural residue removal potential across the United States for bioenergy production. Earlier assessments determining the quantity of agricultural residue that could be sustainably removed for bioenergy production at the regional and national scale faced a number of computational limitations. These limitations included the number of environmental factors, the number of land management scenarios, and the spatial fidelity and spatial extent of the assessment. This study utilizes integrated multi-factor environmental process modeling and high fidelity land use datasets to perform the sustainable agricultural residue removal assessment. Soil type represents the base spatial unit for this study and is modeled using a national soil survey database at the 10–100 m scale. Current crop rotation practices are identified by processing land cover data available from the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service Cropland Data Layer database. Land management and residue removal scenarios are identified for each unique crop rotation and crop management zone. Estimates of county averages and state totals of sustainably available agricultural residues are provided. The results of the assessment show that in 2011 over 150 million metric tons of agricultural residues could have been sustainably removed across the United States. Projecting crop yields and land management practices to 2030, the assessment determines that over 207 million metric tons of agricultural residues will be able to be sustainably removed for bioenergy production at that time. This biomass resource has the potential for producing over 68 billion liters of cellulosic biofuels.
Muth, David J. [Idaho National Laboratory; Bryden, Kenneth Mark [Ames L; Nelson, R. G. [Kansas State University
Measurement of the cross-section ratio {sigma}{sub n}/{sigma}{sub p} in inelastic muon-nucleon scattering at very low x and Q{sup 2}
Preliminary results are presented on the measurement of the cross-section ratio {sigma}{sub n}/{sigma}{sub p} inelastic {mu}N scattering obtained by the E-665 experiment using the Fermilab 490 GeV/c muon beam and liquid H{sub 2} and D{sub 2} targets. The results extend the previously measured x range by two orders of magnitude, down to 2 {times} 10{sup {minus}5}, at Q{sup 2} > 10{sup {minus}2} GeV{sup 2}/C{sup 2}. The ratio is consistent with 1 throughout the new range.
Papavassiliou, V.; Fermilab E-665 Collaboration
Measurement of the cross-section ratio [sigma][sub n]/[sigma][sub p] in inelastic muon-nucleon scattering at very low x and Q[sup 2
Preliminary results are presented on the measurement of the cross-section ratio [sigma][sub n]/[sigma][sub p] inelastic [mu]N scattering obtained by the E-665 experiment using the Fermilab 490 GeV/c muon beam and liquid H[sub 2] and D[sub 2] targets. The results extend the previously measured x range by two orders of magnitude, down to 2 [times] 10[sup [minus]5], at Q[sup 2] > 10[sup [minus]2] GeV[sup 2]/C[sup 2]. The ratio is consistent with 1 throughout the new range.
Papavassiliou, V.
Injection, flow, and mixing of CO2 in porous media with residual gas.
Geologic structures associated with depleted natural gas reservoirs are desirable targets for geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) as evidenced by numerous pilot and industrial-scale GCS projects in these environments world-wide. One feature of these GCS targets that may affect injection is the presence of residual CH{sub 4}. It is well known that CH{sub 4} drastically alters supercritical CO{sub 2} density and viscosity. Furthermore, residual gas of any kind affects the relative permeability of the liquid and gas phases, with relative permeability of the gas phase strongly dependent on the time-history of imbibition or drainage, i.e., dependent on hysteretic relative permeability. In this study, the effects of residual CH{sub 4} on supercritical CO{sub 2} injection were investigated by numerical simulation in an idealized one-dimensional system under three scenarios: (1) with no residual gas; (2) with residual supercritical CO{sub 2}; and (3) with residual CH{sub 4}. We further compare results of simulations that use non-hysteretic and hysteretic relative permeability functions. The primary effect of residual gas is to decrease injectivity by decreasing liquid-phase relative permeability. Secondary effects arise from injected gas effectively incorporating residual gas and thereby extending the mobile gas plume relative to cases with no residual gas. Third-order effects arise from gas mixing and associated compositional effects on density that effectively create a larger plume per unit mass. Non-hysteretic models of relative permeability can be used to approximate some parts of the behavior of the system, but fully hysteretic formulations are needed to accurately model the entire system.
Oldenburg, C.M.; Doughty, C.A.
Canyon dissolution of sand, slag, and crucible residues
An alternative to the FB-Line scrap recovery dissolver was desired for the dissolution of sand, slag, and crucible (SS{ampersand}C) residues from the plutonium reduction process due to the potential generation of hydrogen gas concentrations above the lower flammability limit. To address this concern, a flowsheet was developed for the F-Canyon dissolvers. The dissolvers are continually purged with nominally 33 SCFM of air; therefore the generation of flammable gas concentrations should not be a concern. Following removal of crucible fragments, small batches of the remaining sand fines or slag chunks containing less than approximately 350 grams of plutonium can be dissolved using the center insert in each of the four annular dissolver ports to address nuclear criticality safety concerns. Complete dissolution of the sand fines and slag chunks was achieved in laboratory experiments by heating between 75 and 85 degrees Celsius in a 9.3M nitric acid/0.013M (hydrogen) fluoride solution. Under these conditions, the sand and slag samples dissolved between 1 and 3 hours. Complete dissolution of plutonium and calcium fluorides in the slag required adjusting the dissolver solution to 7.5 wt% aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (ANN). Once ANN was added to a dissolver solution, further dissolution of any plutonium oxide (PuO2) in successive charges was not practical due to complexation of the fluoride by aluminum. During the laboratory experiments, well mixed solutions were necessary to achieve rapid dissolution rates. When agitation was not provided, sand fines dissolved very slowly. Measurement of the hydrogen gas generation rate during dissolution of slag samples was used to estimate the amount of metal in the chunks. Depending upon the yield of the reduction, the values ranged between approximately 1 (good yield) and 20% (poor yield). Aging of the slag will reduce the potential for hydrogen generation as calcium metal oxidizes over time. The potential for excessive corrosion in the dissolvers was evaluated using experimental data reported in the literature. Corrosion data at the exact flowsheet conditions were not available; however, the corrosion rate for 304L stainless steel (wrought material) corrosion coupons in 10M nitric acid/0.01M hydrofluoric acid at 95 degrees Celsius was reported as 21 mils per year. If the fluoride in the dissolver is complexed with aluminum, the corrosion rate will decrease to approximately 5 mils per year.
Rudisill, T.S.; Gray, J.H.; Karraker, D.G.; Chandler, G.T.
Evaluation of low-residue soldering for military and commercial applications: A report from the Low-Residue Soldering Task Force
The LRSTF combined the efforts of industry, military, and government to evaluate low-residue soldering processes for military and commercial applications. These processes were selected for evaluation because they provide a means for the military to support the presidential mandate while producing reliable hardware at a lower cost. This report presents the complete details and results of a testing program conducted by the LRSTF to evaluate low-residue soldering for printed wiring assemblies. A previous informal document provided details of the test plan used in this evaluation. Many of the details of that test plan are contained in this report. The test data are too massive to include in this report, however, these data are available on disk as Excel spreadsheets upon request. The main purpose of low-residue soldering is to eliminate waste streams during the manufacturing process.
Iman, R.L.; Anderson, D.J. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States); Burress, R.V. [SEHO (United States)] [and others
,"U.S. Total Sales of Residual Fuel Oil by End Use"
Residual Fuel Oil by End Use" Residual Fuel Oil by End Use" ,"Click worksheet name or tab at bottom for data" ,"Worksheet Name","Description","# Of Series","Frequency","Latest Data for" ,"Data 1","U.S. Total Sales of Residual Fuel Oil by End Use",8,"Annual",2012,"6/30/1984" ,"Release Date:","11/15/2013" ,"Next Release Date:","10/31/2014" ,"Excel File Name:","pet_cons_821rsd_dcu_nus_a.xls" ,"Available from Web Page:","http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821rsd_dcu_nus_a.htm" ,"Source:","Energy Information Administration" ,"For Help, Contact:","firstname.lastname@example.com"
Collection, transportation, and storage of biomass residues in the Pacific Northwest
This study was conducted to identify potential methods for the collection, transportation and storage of agricultural and forest residues in the Pacific Northwest. Information was gathered from available literature and through contacts with researchers, equipment manufacturers, and other individuals involved in forest and agricultural activities. This information was evaluated, combined, and adapted for situations existing in the Pacific Northwest. A number of methods for collection, transportation, and storage of biomass residues using currently available technology are described. Many of these methods can be applied to residue fuel materials along with their current uses in the forest and agricultural industries.
Inaba, L.K.; Eakin, D.E.
Organochlorine insecticide, polychlorinated biphenyl, and metal residues in some South Dakota birds, 1975-76
Common species of South Dakota birds with different feeding habits were analyzed in 1975-76 for 11 insecticide residues, six metals, and PCB's. Crows, American coots, starlings, and Franklin's gulls were analyzed. DDE was the most prevalent residue, detected in 93% of all samples. Dieldrin was detected in 61% of all samples. PCB's were not found to be above the minimum detectable level in any sample. Gulls had higher insecticide and metal residues than coots, starlings, or crows had. (16 references, 2 tables)
Greichus, Y.A.; Gueck, B.D.; Ammann, B.D.
,"U.S. Adjusted Sales of Residual Fuel Oil by End Use"
Residual Fuel Oil by End Use" Residual Fuel Oil by End Use" ,"Click worksheet name or tab at bottom for data" ,"Worksheet Name","Description","# Of Series","Frequency","Latest Data for" ,"Data 1","U.S. Adjusted Sales of Residual Fuel Oil by End Use",8,"Annual",2012,"6/30/1984" ,"Release Date:","11/15/2013" ,"Next Release Date:","10/31/2014" ,"Excel File Name:","pet_cons_821rsda_dcu_nus_a.xls" ,"Available from Web Page:","http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821rsda_dcu_nus_a.htm" ,"Source:","Energy Information Administration" ,"For Help, Contact:","firstname.lastname@example.com"
for the presence of triazine pre-emergence, herbicide residues in primarily domestic wells (Schuette et. al., 2002). Simazine residues have been detected in 659 wells in 24 different counties and atrazine residues have been detected in 203 wells in 21 counties.
Acetylation of MEK2 and I B kinase (IKK) activation loop residues by YopJ inhibits signaling
Acetylation of MEK2 and I B kinase (IKK) activation loop residues by YopJ inhibits signaling Rohit modifi- cation prevents the phosphorylation of these serine residues that is required for activation residue in the activation loop of both the and subunits of the NF- B pathway kinase, IKK. These results
McMahon, Harvey
EIS-0277: Management of Certain Plutonium Residues and Scrub Alloy Stored
77: Management of Certain Plutonium Residues and Scrub Alloy 77: Management of Certain Plutonium Residues and Scrub Alloy Stored at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site EIS-0277: Management of Certain Plutonium Residues and Scrub Alloy Stored at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site SUMMARY This EIS evaluates the potential alternatives and impacts associated with a proposal to process certain plutonium residues and all of the scrub alloy currently stored at Rocky Flats. While ongoing stabilization activities at Rocky Flats are addressing immediate health and safety concerns associated with existing storage conditions, the indefinite storage of these materials, even after stabilization, would continue to present health and safety concerns that could only be eliminated by disposal or other disposition of the materials. Thus, this
20: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at the 20: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, Golden, Colorado EA-1120: Solid Residues Treatment, Repackaging and Storage at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, Golden, Colorado SUMMARY This EA evaluates the environmental impacts of the proposal to stabilize, if necessary, and/or repackage the residues for safe interim storage at the Site while awaiting the completion and opening of a suitable repository to which they would be shipped for disposal from the U.S. Department of Energy Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site in Golden, Colorado. PUBLIC COMMENT OPPORTUNITIES None available at this time. DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD April 1, 1996 EA-1120: Finding of No Significant Impact
I I U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY GUIDELINES FOR RESIDUAL RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL AT FORMERLY UTILIZED SITES REMEDIAL ACTION PROGRAM AHD REMOTE SURPLUS FACILITIES MANAGEMENT PROGRAM SITES (Revision 2, March 1987) A. INTRODUCTION This document presents U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) radiological protection guidelines for cleanup of residual radioactive material and management of the resulting wastes and residues. It is applicable to si~es - "C-- identified by the Formerly Utilized Sites l{emedia1 Ac:tionProgram (FUSRAP) .and remote sites identified by the Surplus Facilities Management Program (SFMP).* The topics covered are basic dose limits, guidelines and authorized limits for allowable levels of residual radioactive material, and requirements for
Tidal Dynamics and Residual Circulation in a Well-Mixed Inverse Estuary
The tidal and residual circulations in Laguna San Ignacio (LSI), a well-mixed evaporative lagoon located on the Pacific coast of the Baja California peninsula in Mexico, is described based on surveys and moored observations. At tidal periods ...
Clinton D. Winant; Guillermo Gutiérrez de Velasco
Table A3. Refiner/Reseller Prices of Distillate and Residual...
Fuel Oils, by PAD District, 1983-Present (Cents per Gallon Excluding Taxes) Geographic Area Year No. 1 Distillate No. 2 Distillate a No. 4 Fuel b Residual Fuel Oil Sales to End...
Depth-Dependent Studies of Tidally Induced Residual Currents on the Sides of Georges Bank
Using a depth-dependent tidal model, the tidally induced residual currents on the northern and southern sections of Georges Bank are computed and the effects of various physical parameters on the current are examined. Because of significant on-...
Reclaiming residual space from elevated transport infrastructure : time, space, and activity under the Chicago Brown Line
This thesis studies the non-transport functions of the residual space generated by elevated transport infrastructure and its relationship with abutting neighborhoods The space under the Chicago Brown Line, among all other ...
Su, Jing, S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
An Examination of Residual Wind Fluctuations Observed at 10 m over Flat Terrain
This study investigates the behavior of wind fluctuations observed at the 10-m level over a flat terrain site located some 100 km east of the Rocky Mountains. The purposes were to assess residual fluctuations in order to ascertain effects ...
D. M. Leahey; M. C. Hansen; M. B. Schroeder
A residue formula for the fundamental Hochschild class of the Podles sphere.
The fundamental Hochschild cohomology class of the standard Podles quantum sphere is expressed in terms of the spectral triple of Dabrowski and Sitarz by means of a residue formula.
Ulrich Kraehmer; Elmar Wagner
Residual Circulation in the Stratosphere and Lower Mesosphere as Diagnosed from Microwave Limb Sounder Data
Results for the residual circulation in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere between September 1991 and August 1994 are reported. This circulation is diagnosed by applying an accurate radiative transfer code to temperature, ozone, and water ...
Janusz Eluszkiewicz; David Crisp; Richard Zurek; Lee Elson; Evan Fishbein; Lucien Froidevaux; Joe Waters; R.G. Grainger; Alyn Lambert; Robert Harwood; Gordon Peckham
Finite Element Simulation of Residual Stresses in Thermo-coupled Wire Drawing Process
The objective of this paper is to calculate residual stress in drawn wire taking into account induced temperature due to plastic dissipation energy. Finite element analysis (FEA) for the simulation of wire drawing is applied. The general purpose FEA ...
R. Iankov; A. Van Bael; P. Van Houtte
Absorption of Visible Radiation by Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Fog and Cloud Water Residues
Light absorption by samples of atmospheric aerosol particles as a function of size was studied using the integrating sphere method. In addition, the optical properties of fog and cloud-water residues were determined. The samples were taken at two ...
Karl Andre; Ralph Dlugi; Gottfried Schnatz
Control of residual aluminum from conventional treatment to improve reverse osmosis performance
Pa. ). A 1.5–2.5 mg/L free chlorine residual was maintainedsulfate addition (3:1 chlorine to ammonia w/w ratio).on Al:Cl molar ratio. As the chlorine content decreases, the
Gabelich, C J; Ishida, K P; Gerringer, F W; Evangelista, R; Kalyan, M; Suffet, I H
Hanford Tank 241-S-112 Residual Waste Composition and Leach Test Data
This report presents the results of laboratory characterization and testing of two samples (designated 20406 and 20407) of residual waste collected from tank S-112 after final waste retrieval. These studies were completed to characterize the residual waste and assess the leachability of contami¬nants from the solids. This is the first report from this PNNL project to describe the composition and leach test data for residual waste from a salt cake tank. All previous PNNL reports (Cantrell et al. 2008; Deutsch et al. 2006, 2007a, 2007b, 2007c) describing contaminant release models, and characterization and testing results for residual waste in single-shell tanks were based on samples from sludge tanks.
Cantrell, Kirk J.; Krupka, Kenneth M.; Geiszler, Keith N.; Lindberg, Michael J.; Arey, Bruce W.; Schaef, Herbert T.
Tidal Eulerian Residual Currents over a Slope: Analytical and Numerical Frictionless Models
The Eulerian residual tidal currents generated over a continental slope are examined. Using the assumption of a Poincaré wave, the linear frictionless solution of a semidiurnal tidal wave propagating from the deep ocean to a constant depth ...
Robert Mazé; Gilbert Langlois; François Grosjean
Residual Currents Induced by Asymmetric Tidal Mixing in Weakly Stratified Narrow Estuaries
Residual currents induced by asymmetric tidal mixing were examined for weakly stratified, narrow estuaries using analytical and numerical models. The analytical model is an extension of the work of R. K. McCarthy, with the addition of tidal ...
Peng Cheng; Arnoldo Valle-Levinson; Huib E. de Swart
Residual Sediment Fluxes in Weakly-to-Periodically Stratified Estuaries and Tidal Inlets
In this idealized numerical modeling study, the composition of residual sediment fluxes in energetic (e.g., weakly or periodically stratified) tidal estuaries is investigated by means of one-dimensional water column models, with some focus on the ...
Hans Burchard; Henk M. Schuttelaars; W. Rockwell Geyer
Program on Technology Innovation: Nondestructive Evaluation and Measurement of Residual Stress
This report summarizes the results of material characterization involving residual stress estimates that were performed on Alloy 600/182 welded plates using both X-ray diffraction (XRD) and neutron diffraction (ND) testing methods.
A Model of the Tidally Induced Residual Circulation in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank
A three-dimensional nonlinear numerical hydrodynamic model using Legendre polynomials to represent the vertical structure of the horizontal currents has been used to study the tidally induced residual flows in the Gulf of Maine–Georges Bank study ...
Tatsusaburo Isaji; Malcolm L. Spaulding
Incineration of Residue from Paint Stripping Operations Using Plastic Media Blasting
A preliminary investigation has been performed on the environmental consequences of incinerating plastic-media-blasting (PHB) wastes from paint removal operations. PHB is similar to sandblasting although blasting takes place at a much lower pressure. The blasted media can be recovered and recycled several times, but ultimately a residue of paint dust/chips and attrited media dust are left for disposal. This residue is a dry solid that may potentially be classified as a hazardous waste. One possible alternative to depositing the waste residue directly into a hazardous waste landfill is incineration. Incineration would provide desirable volume reduction. However, the fate of heavy metals from the entrained paint waste is not known. Samples of PHB residue were combusted at temperatures between 690°C and 815°C with approximately 125% of stoichiometric air. The ash remaining after combustion was then analyzed for heavy metal content and tested for leachability using the EPA toxicity characteristics leaching procedures (TCLP).
Helt, J. E.; Mallya, N.
In this idealized numerical modeling study, the composition of residual sediment fluxes in energetic (e.g., weakly stratified or periodically stratified) tidal estuaries is investigated by means of one-dimensional water column models, with some ...
Inelastic final-state interaction
12) with the high-energy elastic S-matrix of Eq. (18) orof the transition S-matrix at energy m B between a channelfrom being an S-matrix eigenstate at energy m B . If we want
Suzuki, Mahiko; None
Computer Simulations Reveal Multiple Functions for Aromatic Residues in Cellulase Enzymes (Fact Sheet)
NREL researchers use high-performance computing to demonstrate fundamental roles of aromatic residues in cellulase enzyme tunnels. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) computer simulations of a key industrial enzyme, the Trichoderma reesei Family 6 cellulase (Cel6A), predict that aromatic residues near the enzyme's active site and at the entrance and exit tunnel perform different functions in substrate binding and catalysis, depending on their location in the enzyme. These results suggest that nature employs aromatic-carbohydrate interactions with a wide variety of binding affinities for diverse functions. Outcomes also suggest that protein engineering strategies in which mutations are made around the binding sites may require tailoring specific to the enzyme family. Cellulase enzymes ubiquitously exhibit tunnels or clefts lined with aromatic residues for processing carbohydrate polymers to monomers, but the molecular-level role of these aromatic residues remains unknown. In silico mutation of the aromatic residues near the catalyti