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New Choctaw Nation Recycling Center Posts Quick Results | Department of
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
New Choctaw Nation Recycling Center Posts Quick Results New Choctaw Nation Recycling Center Posts Quick Results New Choctaw Nation Recycling Center Posts Quick Results March 8, 2011 - 5:08pm Addthis Albert Bond Project Officer, Golden Field Office What does this mean for me? The Choctaw Nation used approximately $800,000 in Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant funding to build a state-of-the-art recycling center and improve stewardship of the land and environment. "If you build it, they will come" ...to recycle. That line from the 1989 film Field of Dreams is as good a way as any to describe how the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma's new regional recycling center is being received. The Choctaw Nation used approximately $800,000 in Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant funding to build a state-of-the-art recycling
Choctaw Nation Recycling Center Posts Quick Results Choctaw Nation Recycling Center Posts Quick Results New Choctaw Nation Recycling Center Posts Quick Results March 8, 2011 - 5:08pm Addthis Albert Bond Project Officer, Golden Field Office What does this mean for me? The Choctaw Nation used approximately $800,000 in Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant funding to build a state-of-the-art recycling center and improve stewardship of the land and environment. "If you build it, they will come" ...to recycle. That line from the 1989 film Field of Dreams is as good a way as any to describe how the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma's new regional recycling center is being received. The Choctaw Nation used approximately $800,000 in Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant funding to build a state-of-the-art recycling
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Recycler's World
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
Jun 30, 2008 ... Recycler's World promotes the trade of scrap materials. Users can post a listing for the type of scrap material they wish to buy or sell. Source:�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center -- Recycling ...
Materials Recycling Research and Process Development Many reports by Argonne National Laboratory on recycling materials especially from vehicles.
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Global Recycling ...
Jul 1, 2008 ... Global Recycling Network is an electronic information exchange that specializes in the trade of recyclables reclaimed in Municipal Solid Waste�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Steel Recycling ...
Jul 3, 2008 ... The Steel Recycling Institute is an industry association that promotes the recycling of steel products. The association website includes pages on�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Product Recycling
Jul 1, 2008 ... This excerpt from the 2003 Fujitsu Group Sustainability Report provides an overview of the Fujitsu recycling system and describes their�...
Jul 3, 2008 ... This video was created by the Steel Manufacturers Association to educate the public on the importance of recycling steel. Shredded cars�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Recycling and ...
Jun 25, 2008 ... These proceedings include papers based on presentations prepared for the symposium "Recycling and Waste Processing" at the TMS 2007�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Recycling ...
Jun 26, 2008 ... This 1997 report provides some basic information on recycling of Al, Be, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Ga, Au, In, Fe, steel, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pt-group�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Recycling - Metals
Jul 2, 2008 ... This 1997 report provides some basic information on recycling of Al, Be, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Ga, Au, In, Fe, steel, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pt-group�...
Use this area to submit digital resources and/or make comments on the resources posted by others. DO NOT use this area of the site to initiate discussion �...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center -- Recycling - Steel
National Carbon Capture Center Launches Post-Combustion Test Center |
National Carbon Capture Center Launches Post-Combustion Test Center National Carbon Capture Center Launches Post-Combustion Test Center National Carbon Capture Center Launches Post-Combustion Test Center June 7, 2011 - 1:00pm Addthis Washington, D.C. - The recent successful commissioning of an Alabama-based test facility is another step forward in research that will speed deployment of innovative post-combustion carbon dioxide (CO2) capture technologies for coal-based power plants, according to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Technologies tested at the Post-Combustion Carbon Capture Center (or PC4) are an important component of Carbon Capture and Storage, whose commercial deployment is considered by many experts as essential for helping to reduce human-generated CO2 emissions that contribute to potential climate change.
Carbon Capture Center Launches Post-Combustion Test Center Carbon Capture Center Launches Post-Combustion Test Center National Carbon Capture Center Launches Post-Combustion Test Center June 6, 2011 - 2:32pm Addthis Jenny Hakun What does this mean for me? Commercial deployment of the processes tested here could cut carbon pollution. Innovation is important to finding ways to make energy cleaner. And testing the ideas and processes that researchers come up with is critical to moving ideas from the lab to the marketplace. That's why the Department of Energy recently commissioned an Alabama testing facility that will help move research forward and speed up deployment of innovative post-combustion carbon dioxide (CO2) capture technologies for coal-based power plants. The Post-Combustion Carbon Capture Center (or PC4) facility tests new
Education: Digital Resource Center - WEB: What is Metals Recycling?
Oct 22, 2007 ... This British Metals Recycling Association (BMRA) website provides details concerning steel, aluminum, and copper recycling including�...
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
recycling paths for various materials. Aerosol cans Asphalt Batteries Cardboard Concrete Light bulbs Metal Pallets Paper Tires Toner cartridges Vegetation Environmental...
Recycling | Department of Energy
Recycling Recycling Recycling In support of the Department's goal of implementing environmental sustainability practices across the complex, all DOE employees and contractors should incorporate the three "R's" of wise resource use as a core principle of their daily activities: reduce, reuse, and recycle. The Department's recycling program at Headquarters earns monetary credits from the GSA which is then credited to the Sheila Jo Watkins Memorial Child Development Centers for tuition assistance and the purchase of furniture and equipment. What Can Be Recycled, And Where What you can recycle Where to recycle White office paper, printed with any color ink. Staples are acceptable but paperclips, binder clips, plastic flags, tabs and colored post-it notes must be removed. Receptacles for white office paper are located in office suites and next to copy machines. Blue collection bins for individual offices may be obtained from the Facilities Management Helpdesk at (202) 586-6100 or by e-mailing:
Efficient One-Step Electrolytic Recycling of Low-Grade and Post-Consumer Magnesium Scrap
SciTech Connect
Metal Oxygen Separation Technologies, Inc. (abbreviated MOxST, pronounced most) and Boston University (BU) have developed a new low-cost process for recycling post-consumer co-mingled and heavily-oxidized magnesium scrap, and discovered a new chemical mechanism for magnesium separations in the process. The new process, designated MagReGenTM, is very effective in laboratory experiments, and on scale-up promises to be the lowest-cost lowest-energy lowest-impact method for separating magnesium metal from aluminum while recovering oxidized magnesium. MagReGenTM uses as little as one-eighth as much energy as today's methods for recycling magnesium metal from comingled scrap. As such, this technology could play a vital role in recycling automotive non-ferrous metals, particularly as motor vehicle magnesium/aluminum ratios increase in order to reduce vehicle weight and increase efficiency.
Adam C. Powell, IV
U.S. Department of Energy National Center of Excellence for Metals Recycle
The US Department of Energy (DOE) National Center of Excellence for Metals Recycle has recently been established. The vision of this new program is to develop a DOE culture that promotes pollution prevention by considering the recycle and reuse of metal as the first and primary disposition option and burial as a last option. The Center of Excellence takes the approach that unrestricted release of metal is the first priority because it is the most cost-effective disposition pathway. Where this is not appropriate, restricted release, beneficial reuse, and stockpile of ingots are considered. The Center has gotten off to a fast start. Current recycling activities include the sale of 40,000 tons of scrap metal from the East Tennessee Technology Park (formerly K-25 Plant) K-770 scrap yard, K-1064 surplus equipment and machinery, 7,000 PCB-contaminated drums, 12,000 tons of metal from the Y-12 scrap yard, and 1,000 metal pallets. In addition, the Center of Excellence is developing a toolbox for project teams that will contain a number of specific tools to facilitate metals recycle. This Internet-based toolbox will include primers, computer software, and case studies designed to help sites to perform life cycle analysis, perform ALARA (As Low As is Reasonably Achievable) analysis for radiation exposures, produce pollution prevention information and documentation, manage their materials inventory, produce independent government estimates, and implement sale/service contracts. The use of these tools is described for two current activities: disposition of scrap metal in the Y-12 scrap yard, and disposition of PCB-contaminated drums. Members of the Center look forward to working with all DOE sites, regulatory authorities, the private sector, and other stakeholders to achieve the metals recycle goals.
Adams, V.; Bennett, M.; Bishop, L. [Dept. of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] [and others
The US Department of Energy (DOE) National Center of Excellence for Metals Recycle has recently been established. The vision of this new program is to develop a DOE culture that promotes pollution prevention by considering the recycle and reuse of metal as the first and primary disposition option and burial as a last option. The Center of Excellence takes the approach that unrestricted release of metal is the first priority because it is the most cost-effective disposition pathway. Where this is not appropriate, restricted release, beneficial reuse, and stockpile of ingots are considered. Current recycling activities include the sale of 40,000 tons of scrap metal from the East Tennessee Technology Park (formerly K-25 Plant) K-770 scrap yard, K-1064 surplus equipment and machinery, 7,000 PCB-contaminated drums, 12,000 tons of metal from the Y-l2 scrap yard, and 1,000 metal pallets. In addition, the Center of Excellence is developing a toolbox for project teams that will contain a number of specific tools to facilitate metals recycle. This Internet-based toolbox will include primers, computer programs, and case studies designed to help sites to perform life cycle analysis, perform ALARA (As Low As is Reasonably Achievable) analysis for radiation exposures, provide pollution prevention information and documentation, and produce independent government estimates. The use of these tools is described for two current activities: disposition of scrap metal in the Y-12 scrapyard, and disposition of PCB-contaminated drums.
Post Doc and Students : BioEnergy Science Center
Post Docs and Students The BESC Post Doc Student council was formed prior to the 2010 BESC Science Retreat to coordinate Post Doc & Student events at the retreat. These events...
Recycling Programs | Department of Energy
Recycling Recycling Programs Recycling Programs The Office of Administration manages many recycling activities at DOE Headquarters that significantly impact energy and the environment. The Department of Energy Headquarters has instituted several recycling programs, starting with standard, solid waste recycling in 1991, and has expanded to include batteries, toner cartridges, carpeting and cell phones. Follow this link for a detailed listing of the products that DOE Headquarters recycles, and where to recycle them. Waste Recycling In FY 2011, DOE Headquarters recycled 134 tons of waste which earned over $7,200 in GSA credits that were provided to the Sheila Jo Watkins Memorial Child Development Centers. Since the recycling program began in 1991 over 6,800 tons of waste have been recycled earning over $350,000 for the Child
How Green Is Battery Recycling?
Gaines Center for Transportation Research Argonne National Laboratory How Green Is Battery Recycling? 28 th International Battery Seminar and Exhibit Ft. Lauderdale, FL March...
Hanford recycling
This paper is a study of the past and present recycling efforts on the Hanford site and options for future improvements in the recycling program. Until 1996, recycling goals were voluntarily set by the waste generators: this year, DOE has imposed goals for all its sites to accomplish by 1999. Hanford is presently meeting the voluntary site goals, but may not be able to meet all the new DOE goals without changes to the program. Most of these new DOE goals are recycling goals: * Reduce the generation of radioactive (low-level) waste from routine operations 50 percent through source reduction and recycling. * Reduce the generation of low-level mixed waste from routine operations 50 percent through source reduction and recycling. * Reduce the generation of hazardous waste from routine operations 50 percent through source reduction and recycling. * Recycle 33 percent of the sanitary waste from all operations. * Increase affirmative procurement of EPA-designated recycled items to 100 percent. The Hanford recycling program has made great strides-there has been a 98 percent increase in the amount of paper recycled since its inception in 1990. Hanford recycles paper, chemicals cardboard, tires, oil, batteries, rags, lead weights, fluorescent tubes, aerosol products, concrete, office furniture, computer software, drums, toner cartridges, and scrap metal. Many other items are recycled or reused by individual groups on a one time basis without a formal contract. Several contracts are closed-loop contracts which involve all parts of the recycle loop. Considerable savings are generated from recycling, and much more is possible with increased attention and improvements to this program. General methods for improving the recycling program to ensure that the new goals can be met are: a Contract and financial changes 0 Tracking database and methods improvements 0 Expanded recycling efforts. Specifically, the Hanford recycling program would be improved by: 0 Establishing one overall DOE recycling contract at the Hanford site and a central group to control the contract. 0 Using a BOA or MTS contract as a way to get proceeds from recycling back to site facilities to provide incentives for recycling. . Upgrading tracking mechanisms to track and recycle construction waste which is presently buried in onsite pits. . Establishing contract performance measures which hold each project accountable for specific waste reduction goals. * Recycling and reusing any material or equipment possible as buildings are dismantled.
Leonard, I.M.
An Act Concerning the Recycling of Organic Materials by Certain Food Wholesalers, Manufacturers, Supermarkets, and Conference Centers (Connecticut)
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
This Act requires all commercial food wholesalers and distributors, industrial food manufacturers, and resource and conservation centers that generate at least 104 tons of organic waste each year...
Battery Recycling
Jul 31, 2011 ... About this Symposium. Meeting, 2012 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition. Symposium, Battery Recycling. Sponsorship, The Minerals, Metals�...
Recycle plastics into feedstocks
Thermal cracking of mixed-plastics wastes with a fluidized-bed reactor can be a viable and cost-effective means to meet mandatory recycling laws. Strict worldwide environmental statutes require the hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) to develop and implement product applications and technologies that reuse post-consumer mixed-plastics waste. Recycling or reuse of plastics waste has a broad definition. Recycling entails more than mechanical regranulation and remelting of polymers for film and molding applications. A European consortium of academia and refiners have investigated if it is possible and profitable to thermally crack plastics into feedstocks for refining and petrochemical applications. Development and demonstration of pyrolysis methods show promising possibilities of converting landfill garbage into valuable feedstocks such as ethylene, propylene, BTX, etc. Fluidized-bed reactor technologies offer HPI operators a possible avenue to meet recycling laws, conserve raw materials and yield a profit. The paper describes thermal cracking for feedstocks and pyrolysis of polyolefins.
Kastner, H.; Kaminsky, W. [Univ. of Hamburg (Germany)
Recycled roads
This article examines the efforts of various states in the USA to recycle waste materials in highway construction as fill and pavements. The topics of the article include recycling used tires whole, ground, and shredded, cost of recycling, wood fiber chips as fill material in embankments, and mining wastes used to construct embankments and as coarse aggregates in asphalt pavement.
Tarricone, P.
Recycling 1
Jun 7, 2012 ... 6xxx Series Alloy Design Considerations Relating to Recycling: Malcolm ... Reuse of Al Dross as an Engineered Product: Chen Dai1; Diran�...
Recycling Trends
...countries with low energy costs, such as Canada, Venezuela, Brazil, and Australia Recycling will increase in importance. For the United States, and ultimately for the rest of the aluminum-consuming world, recycling and resource recovery will play an increasingly important strategic role in ensuring a...
Nuclear Maintenance Applications Center: Post-Trip Voltage Prediction at Nuclear and Other Generating Stations
The objective of this Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) project is to investigate the possibility of predicting the switchyard voltage in a nuclear power plant (NPP) following a trip of a nuclear unit. Two methods of post-trip voltage prediction are investigated. The first method, called the V-Q method, uses minimal local plant information (such as unit operating conditionsactive and reactive power output and pre-trip voltage) to predict post-trip voltage based on the sensitivity of voltage to the...
Energy Edge, Post-Occupancy Evaluation Project: The Eastgate Corporate Center Bellevue, Washington
The Workspace Satisfaction Survey measures occupant satisfaction with the thermal, lighting, acoustical, and air quality aspects of the work environment. In addition to ratings of these ambient environmental features, occupants also rate their satisfaction with a number of functional and aesthetic features of the office environment as well as their satisfaction with specific kinds of workspaces (e.g. computer rooms, the lobby, employee lounge, etc.) Each section on ambient conditions includes questions on the frequency with which people experience particular kinds of discomforts or problems, how much the discomfort bothers them, and how much it interferes with their work. Occupants are also asked to identify how they cope with discomfort or environmental problems, and to what extent these behaviors enable them to achieve more satisfactory conditions. This report documents the results of this survey of the occupants of the Eastgate Corporate Center, Bellevue, Washington. 21 figs., 7 tabs.
A Comparison of Li-Ion Battery Recycling Options
1 A Comparison of Li-Ion Battery Recycling Options Linda Gaines and Jennifer Dunn Center for Transportation Research Argonne National Laboratory SAE World Congress April 2012 PAPER...
Webcast �Enhancing the Value Proposition Through Metals Recycling�
Presenter: Joseph Fiksel, Center for Resilience, The Ohio State University; �The ... �Understanding and Enhancing Aluminum Can Recycling Rate-a Kentucky�...
Aluminum Association: Recycling
Jun 30, 2008 ... This webpage provides some historical information on aluminum recycling and describes the processes done by various recyclers: used�...
Materials - Recycling - ABS and HIPS
Separation and Recovery of ABS and HIPS from Mixed Plastics via Froth Flotation Separation and Recovery of ABS and HIPS from Mixed Plastics via Froth Flotation Every day, obsolete appliances, consumer electronics, and cars make their way into landfills. These no-longer-wanted items contain something valuable--plastics that have the potential to be recycled. Although current technologies enable the separation of some plastics, they do not yet offer cost-effective purity and yields. Additionally, these methods do not effectively separate plastics that have the same density. Argonne and Appliance Recycling Centers of America (ARCA) undertook a project to develop a process to effectively separate and recover high-quality acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)--a plastic used to produce lightweight, tough, rigid products--from the mixed-plastics wastes generated in ARCA's appliance-recycling operation.
Federal Recycling Program Printed on recycled paper.
E-Print Network (OSTI)
#12;Federal Recycling Program Printed on recycled paper. The Forest Health Technology Enterprise. This book was pub- lished by FHTET as part of the technology transfer series. http.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis
Hoddle, Mark S.
Recycling General Sessions
... and design based on recyclability; life-cycle analysis of materials; properties; and ... Al Recycling Batch Planning in a Constrained Secondary Material Market ... Mullites Bodies Produced From the Kaolin Residue Using Microwave Energy.
Mixed Waste Recycling Exemption
As part of an ongoing integrated mixed waste program, EPRI has documented the process for obtaining state approval to apply the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) recycling exemption. This report examines the regulatory basis for the recycling exemption and the strategy for designing and operating a recycling facility to meet that exemption. Specifically addressed is the process of submitting an actual recycling exemption request to an RCRA authorized state and potential roadblocks utilities m...
Battery Recycling - Programmaster.org
The symposium will cover all aspects of battery recycling from legislation, collection, safety issues & transportation regulations and current recycling�...
Recycling of Metals and Engineered Materials IV
Jun 25, 2008 ... Edited: 9/15/2010 at 2:24 PM by Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center Moderator. Comment on Posting � Quote Top Bottom�...
Design and Optimization of Photovoltaics Recycling Infrastructure
With the growing production and installation of photovoltaics (PV) around the world constrained by the limited availability of resources, end-of-life management of PV is becoming very important. A few major PV manufacturers currently are operating several PV recycling technologies at the process level. The management of the total recycling infrastructure, including reverse-logistics planning, is being started in Europe. In this paper, we overview the current status of photovoltaics recycling planning and discuss our mathematic modeling of the economic feasibility and the environmental viability of several PV recycling infrastructure scenarios in Germany; our findings suggest the optimum locations of the anticipated PV take-back centers. Short-term 5-10 year planning for PV manufacturing scraps is the focus of this article. Although we discuss the German situation, we expect the generic model will be applicable to any region, such as the whole of Europe and the United States.
Choi, J.K.; Fthenakis, V.
The Minnesota NMR Center offers a "hands on" workshop on structure determination of proteins. Graduate students and post-
The Minnesota NMR Center offers a "hands on" workshop on structure determination of proteins multidimensional techniques in solution NMR spectroscopy. They will learn how to set up multidimensional NMR experiments on our spectrometers, interpret protein NMR spectra, calculate the three-dimensional structure
Thomas, David D.
Hydrogen recycling: fundamental processes
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
The recycling of hydrogen at the interior surfaces of plasma devices is an important and largely uncontrolled process at present. There remain important questions concerning the fundamental processes involved in recycling phenomena and the material dependence of these pocesses. A primary aim of the fundamental studies should be to develop sufficient understanding of the influence of materials properties on hydrogen recycling so that the materials and machine operating conditions can be selected to give maximum control of hydrogen recycling. In addition, realistic models of the wall behavior under recycling conditions need to be developed. Such modeling goes hand-in-hand with both fundamental process studies and in situ measurements, and may provide sufficient overall understanding of the influence of recycling on machine operation to impact design decisions effecting such important processes as impurity control, plasma, fueling, and pulse length.
Picraux, S.T.
TRANSPARENCY RECYCLING Don't throw out your used overhead transparencies! RECYCLE them for REUSE. It's Easy! Follow these simple procedures: 1.) COLLECT used transparencies to be recycled. 2.) SEPARATE the transparencies from ringed binders, plastic or paper folders, envelopes, and/or files. 3.) PLACE the transparencies (only) into an intra-laboratory mail envelope. 4.) SEND the envelope to: Terri Schneider, Building 201, 1D-10. Terri will prepare a
General Recycling Poster Session
Life Cycle Based Greenhouse Gas Footprints of Metal Production with Recycling .... The disposal of landfill sludge directly not only leads to the heavy metal�...
Recycling Electronic Waste - Website
Jun 18, 2010 ... Joined: 2/13/2007. Below is a link to a website that has articles on recycling electronic waste. http://www.scientificamerican....ectronic-waste-�...
Comparison of Li-Ion Battery Recycling Processes by Life-Cycle...
Center for Transportation Research Argonne National Laboratory Comparison of Li-Ion Battery Recycling Processes by Life-Cycle Analysis Electric Vehicles and the Environment...
Considerations in the recycling of urban parking garages
Because of the decreasing use of private automobiles in city centers and because of usual development pressures, some urban parking garages will become available for replacement or recycling. The choice between replacement ...
Paul, Michael Johannes
Recycle of battery materials
Studies were conducted on the recycling of advanced battery system components for six different battery systems. These include: Nickel/Zinc, Nickel/Iron, Zinc/Chlorine, Zinc/Bromine, Sodium/Sulfur, and Lithium-Aluminum/Iron Sulfide. For each battery system, one or more processes has been developed which would permit recycling of the major or active materials.
Pemsler, J.P.; Spitz, R.A.
Production of Recycled Lead
...production of lead from recycled and mined (primary) sources for 1980 to 1988. At present, just under half of the total world lead production of 4.3 million metric tons (4.7 million tons) comes from recycling of scrap materials. As indicated in Table 4, there has been very little change in recent...
School Recycling Program
100% Recyclable 100% Recyclable Presentation Page Project Summary Scenario Student Pages Index of Projects Title of Project/Unit: 100% Recyclable Subject: Social Studies, Science, Healthy, & Communications Grade Level: Middle School (7th Grade) Abstract: The unit begins in the fall and will last about six weeks. Students will rely on working in collaborative groups in order to share information and problem solve. Students will us the Internet and e-mail to communicate with as many other schools as possible across the country. This unit will be part of an interdisciplinary unit to combine: Science: the study of waste, recycling & ecology Social Studies: how communities and groups of people historically handled waste and waste products, how native Americans re-cycled, how we became a 'disposable' society.
Recycling - Nickel-based superalloys
A business and technology perspective on recycling, partiularly recycling of household waste, metals and plastics. 0, 563, Diana Grady, 7/2/2008 9:55 AM
Simulation of the Post-Retrofit Thermal Energy Use for the University Teaching Center (UTC) Building with the Use of Simplified System Models
Several state owned buildings with dual-duct constant volume (DDCV) systems have been retrofitted with energy efficient variable air volume systems (VAV) as part of the Texas LoanSTAR Program. One method of determining the energy savings resulting from energy conserving retrofits relies on the use of a model for the daily whole building consumption, Epre, in the pre-retrofit configuration. Epre is typically a function of primary influencing parameters such as ambient temperature, humidity, building internal gains and others (Figure 1). Following the retrofit, the energy saved, Esav is determined using measured daily consumption, Emea3 as shown in Figure 1. This method is being used in the Texas LoanSTAR monitoring and analysis program for buildings that have adequate pre-retrofit monitored data (Kelly et al., 1992). Unfortunately, in the University Teaching Center (UTC) the retrofits were completed before the monitoring instrumentation was installed. Therefore, no pre-retrofit monitored data are available. Hence another method to estimate savings was needed. Such a method was developed and tested on a large engineering center (Katipamula and Claridge 1991). This method was based on the use of the ASHRAE TC 4.7 simplified energy analysis procedure (SEAP). It involved developing one model each for the VAV (post-retrofit system) and the DDCV (pre-retrofit system) systems.
Katipamula, S.; Claridge, D. E.
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Recycling Metals ...
Jul 2, 2008 ... This article describes metal production from primary and secondary resources, recovering metals from waste streams and environmental�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center -- Recycling ... - TMS
Sustainability and Nickel Wepage that describes the sustainability challenges for nickel and nickel-containing materials. 0, 557, Diana Grady, 7/2/2008 9:23 AM
Jul 1, 2008 ... This presentation was part of a symposium on Materials and Critical Societal Issues held during the Materials Science and Technology 2004�...
printed on recycled paper INDUSTRIAL ASSESSMENT CENTER
gasifier [18] Metal Chemical symbol Measurementdetection limit (mgfl) TCLP result (mgfl) STLC (mgfl.d,. nonedetected. The testsfollowed the EPA's toxicity characteristicsleachateprocedure(TCLP). If the concentration in the MTCI gasifierhas been tested for toxicity using EPA's toxicity characteristicsleachateprocedure (TCLP
RETHINKING WASTE, RECYCLING, AND HOUSEKEEPING EFFICIENCY.EFFICIENCY. A l GA leaner Green #12 t R li Management Recycling Staff The Office of Waste Reduction & Recycling started in The Office of Waste Reduction & Recycling started in 1990, we have 14 full time staff positions. ·We collect over 40
Kelly, Scott David
Recycling and Waste Minimization
and "Recycling Data by Site." For additional information regarding this page or feedback on its content, please contact: Jane Powers This page was last updated on March 25, 2013...
Battery-Recycling Chain
...The battery-recycling chain has changed dramatically over the past ten years. The changes have resulted from environmental regulation, changes in battery-processing technology, changes in battery distribution and sales techniques, changes in lead-smelting...
Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries
1 1 Linda Gaines Center for Transportation Research Argonne National Laboratory Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries Illinois Sustainable Technology Center University of Illinois We don't want to trade one crisis for another! Battery material shortages are unlikely - We demonstrated that lithium demand can be met - Recycling mitigates potential scarcity Life-cycle analysis checks for unforeseen impacts We need to find something to do with the used materials - Safe - Economical 2 We answer these questions to address material supply issues How many electric-drive vehicles will be sold in the US and world-wide? What kind of batteries might they use? - How much lithium would each battery use? How much lithium would be needed each year?
Office of Legacy Management (LM)
Recycled Uranium and Transuranics: Recycled Uranium and Transuranics: Their Relationship to Weldon Spring Site Remedial Action Project Introduction Historical Perspective On August 8, 1999, Energy Secretary Bill Richardson announced a comprehensive set of actions to address issues raised at the Paducah, Kentucky, Gaseous Diffusion Plant that may have had the potential to affect the health of the workers. One of the issues addressed the need to determine the extent and significance of radioactive fission products and transuranic elements in the uranium feed and waste products throughout the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national complex. Subsequently, a DOE agency-wide Recycled Uranium Mass Balance Project (RUMBP) was initiated. For the Weldon Spring Uranium Feed Materials Plant (WSUFMP or later referred to as Weldon Spring),
Scrap tire recycling
As the automobile tire technology has grown and met the need for safer and more durable tires, stronger reinforcement and more chemically resistant rubber compounds have made recycling tires more difficult. In an effort to resolve this problem, techniques and equipment were developed to grind tires into small pieces, and new markets were sought to utilize the crumb rubber product streams from ground tires. Industrial combustion processes were modified to accept scrap tires as fuel. These efforts have been beneficial, steadily increasing the percentage of scrap tires recycled to about 10% in 1985, and reaching 72% in 1995. By the end of 1997, fully 100% of tires generated in the U.S. are expected to be recycled.
Lula, J.W.; Bohnert, G.W.
Recycling Automotive Scrap
Today's automobiles contain more plastic and less metal than ever. The metal from junked vehicles is easily recovered for Today's automobiles contain more plastic and less metal than ever. The metal from junked vehicles is easily recovered for reuse, but the remaining materials, called shredder residue, is creating new challenges for the vehicle recycling industry. Argonne National Laboratory is meeting these challenges head-on with innovative, award-winning solutions. With its on-site recycling pilot plant, Argonne is able to test actual materials, benchmark technologies, and demonstrate working
Texas facility treats, recycles refinery, petrochemical wastes
A US Gulf Coast environmental services company is treating refinery and petrochemical plant wastes to universal treatment standards (UTS). DuraTherm Inc.`s recycling center uses thermal desorption to treat a variety of refinery wastes and other hazardous materials. The plant is located in San Leon, Tex., near the major Houston/Texas City refining and petrochemical center. DuraTherm`s customers include major US refining companies, plus petrochemical, terminal, pipeline, transportation, and remediation companies. Examples of typical contaminant concentrations and treatment levels for refinery wastes are shown. The paper discusses thermal desorption, the process description and testing.
Primary Production, Recycling, and Environment - TMS
ARTICLES: Selected Readings on Magnesium Production, Recycling and Environment Links to key papers on magnesium primary production, recycling and�...
Recycling and Material Price - Programmaster.org
About this Abstract. Meeting, 2011 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition. Symposium , Recycling General Session. Presentation Title, Recycling and Material Price:�...
Specifications for Recycled Lead
...in lead are antimony, arsenic, bismuth, copper, nickel, silver, tin, and zinc. Recently, selenium and tellurium have been added as important impurities in the United States. Primary-lead companies generally produce the 99.99% Pb grade, whereas recyclers produce the 99.97% Pb grade. The major difference...
Recycling of Titanium
...as basic raw materials for pigments, paints, paper, and plastic. The titanium ores are the materials of choice to produce white pigmentation in those materials. At this time only 10% of the ores result in metal. Recycling takes place in metal only....
Recycling and Secondary Recovery
"Applying Ausmelt Technology to Recover Cu, Ni, and Co from Slags" .... " Enhancing Cobalt Recovery from Primary and Secondary Resources" .... " Modifying Alumina Red Mud to Support a Revegetation Cover" (Research .... " Recycling Used Automotive Oil Filters" (Research Summary), K.D. Peaslee, February 1994, pp.
Modeling and Design of Material Separation Systems with Applications to Recycling
Material separation technology is critical to the success of the material recycling industry. End-of-life products, post-consumer waste, industrial excess, or otherwise collected materials for reuse are typically mixed ...
Wolf, Malima Isabelle, 1981-
Refrigerator recycling and CFCs
Utility-sponsored refrigerator and freezer pick-up programs have removed almost 900,000 inefficient appliances from the North American electric grid to date. While the CFC-12 refrigerant from the discarded appliances is typically removed and recycled, in all but a few programs the CFC-11 in the foam insulation is not. About a quarter-billion pounds of CFC-11 are banked in refrigerator foam in the United States. Release of this ``bank`` of CFC, combined with that from foam insulation used in buildings, will be the largest source of future emissions if preventive measures are not taken. Methods exist to recover the CFC for reuse or to destroy it by incineration. The task of recycling or destroying the CFCs and other materials from millions of refrigerators is a daunting challenge, but one in which utilities can play a leadership role. E Source believes that utilities can profitably serve as the catalyst for public-private partnerships that deliver comprehensive refrigerator recycling. Rather than treating such efforts solely as a DSM resource acquisition, utilities could position these programs as a multifaceted service delivery that offers convenient appliance removal for homeowners, a solid waste minimization service for landfills, a source of recycled materials for industry, and a CFC recovery and/or disposal service in support of the HVAC industry and society`s atmospheric protection goals and laws. Financial mechanisms could be developed through these public-private enterprises to ensure that utilities are compensated for the extra cost of fully recycling refrigerators, including the foam CFC.
Shepard, M.; Hawthorne, W.; Wilson, A.
Recycled Thermoplastic Composite Bridge
Recycled Thermoplastic Composite Recycled Thermoplastic Composite Bridge Philip R. Columbus Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management Headquarters, Department of the Army 180900ZMay2012 1 Philip R. firstname.lastname@example.com/ Overview * The purpose of this project was to demonstrate that a thermoplastic composite I-beam bridge could be constructed to accommodate a M-1 battle tank. * This effort determined the engineering and construction of such a structure was possible and be cost competitive to a wood timber bridge * The materials are virtually maintenance-free and not subject to degradation from moisture, rot, insects and weather. 180900ZMay2012 2 Philip R. email@example.com/ Background
starting with standard, solid waste recycling in 1991, and has expanded to include batteries, toner cartridges, carpeting and cell phones. Follow this link for a detailed...
Argonne TTRDC - Experts - Vehicle Recycling
pollution control, solid waste recycling, greenhouse gases, advanced power systems and heat transfer Greg Krumdick, Electrical Engineer phone: 630252-3952, fax: 630252-1342,...
Recycled rubber roads
The paper describes several innovative approaches for recycling old tires in the construction of roads. In one, 18 inches of shredded tire chips (2 X 2 inches) were used on top of 6-8 inches of small stone to construct a road across a sanitary landfill. No compacting or linders were needed. In another application, sidewall mats linked together with steel strapping were used as a sub-base for a road across a swampy area. A third application uses 1/2 inch bits of groundup rubber tires as a replacement for aggregate in an asphalt road base.
Not Available
Recycle Plastic Waste Recommended Action
AR No. 5 Recycle Plastic Waste Recommended Action Separate scrap plastic bag waste from solid waste stream and recycle. This can be accomplished by either arranging for no-cost pick-up of loose waste or by selling baled waste material. Assessment Recommendation Summary Recommended Waste Cost Implementation
Tullos, Desiree
Polymers go full circle in new plastics recycling process
Recycling waste, especially post-consumer plastic packaging waste, is a growing issue. Pressure to find alternatives to landfilling and conserve resources has prompted governments to limit the amount of material that can be disposed in traditional ways. One approach, chemical recycling of mixed plastics back to the feedstock for virgin plastic products, is receiving increased attention. British-based BP Chemicals, in collaboration with other polymer producers, is pioneering this alternative. The process involves cracking polymers to a hydrocarbon intermediate suitable for feeding to existing petrochemical plants, such as the steam crackers that produce the basic building blocks for plastics. BP's recycled product already can be used with four leading steam-cracking processes.
Lock, J.
Energy Return on Investment from Recycling Nuclear Fuel
This report presents an evaluation of the Energy Return on Investment (EROI) from recycling an initial batch of 800 t/y of used nuclear fuel (UNF) through a Recycle Center under a number of different fuel cycle scenarios. The study assumed that apart from the original 800 t of UNF only depleted uranium was available as a feed. Therefore for each subsequent scenario only fuel that was derived from the previous fuel cycle scenario was considered. The scenarios represent a good cross section of the options available and the results contained in this paper and associated appendices will allow for other fuel cycle options to be considered.
Materials - Recycling - Dezincing
Dezincing Scrap Steel Dezincing Scrap Steel Electro winning cells for recovery of zinc from de-zincing process solutions. Electro winning cells for recovery of zinc from de-zincing process solutions. Steel is one of the most recycled resources in the U.S.; half of the steel produced is derived from scrap. Since 1980, automobile and appliance manufacturers have increased their use of galvanized steel almost five-fold, with a resulting increase in the amount of galvanized steel scrap returned to steel producers. Dezincing Challenges The steel galvanizing process involves the application of a zinc-coating, which provides corrosion resistance. When galvanized scrap is melted in a steelmaking furnace, the zinc that it contains volatizes. The costs of treating the resulting zinc-laden dust and sludge by-products are
BWRVIP-103: BWR Vessel and Internals Project, Post-NMCA Fuel Surveillance Program at Duane Arnold Energy Center After Three Cycles (EOC 17)
Duane Arnold was the first plant to implement noble metal chemical application (NMCA) at the end of cycle 14 (EOC14) in 1996. This report documents the findings of the EOC17 inspection conducted in 2001 and summarizes the fuel performance data obtained thus far. Overall, there was no fuel failure during post-NMCA cycles 15-17, but the cycle 17 inspection revealed surface spallation and rod peak oxide thickness that exceeded the anticipated range for fuel rods without NMCA exposure.
Coal liquefaction with preasphaltene recycle
A coal liquefaction system is disclosed with a novel preasphaltene recycle from a supercritical extraction unit to the slurry mix tank wherein the recycle stream contains at least 90% preasphaltenes (benzene insoluble, pyridine soluble organics) with other residual materials such as unconverted coal and ash. This subject process results in the production of asphaltene materials which can be subjected to hydrotreating to acquire a substitute for No. 6 fuel oil. The preasphaltene-predominant recycle reduces the hydrogen consumption for a process where asphaltene material is being sought.
Weimer, Robert F. (Allentown, PA); Miller, Robert N. (Allentown, PA)
BWRVIP-129: BWR Vessel and Internals Project: Post-NMCA Fuel Surveillance Program at the Duane Arnold Energy Center: EOC 17 Fuel Hotcell Examination Program
Duane Arnold was the first plant to implement noble metal chemical application (NMCA), also known as NobleChem�, during hot shutdown near the end of cycle (EOC) 14 in 1996. A fuel surveillance program evaluated fuel rod performance after one, two, and three NMCA cycles via poolside inspections and after one and three cycles via a hot cell postirradiation examination (PIE). This report documents hot cell PIE results of fuel rods after operating for three post-NMCA cycles, during which time there was...
Plant Networks for Processing Recyclable Materials
We use a modified optimal market area model to examine how links between material recycling and other aspects of operations strategy can shape plant networks for the processing of recyclable materials. We characterize the complementarity of the recyclate ... Keywords: localization, material versatility, minimills, operations strategy, optimal market area, plant networks, recycling
Lieven Demeester, Mei Qi, Luk N. Van Wassenhove
Applied ecotechnological issues for recycling cars
The paper shows the need for recycling cars. Recycling operation is particularly complicated because after dismantling and split a wide range of material resulting in a proportion different and difficult to separate. There are presented two recycling ... Keywords: end-of-life-vehicle recycling, hammer mill technology, shrreder technology
Gheorghe Amza; Zoia Apostolescu; Mihaiela Iliescu; Zlatko Garac; Sanda Paise; Maria Groza
Earth Day Electronics Recycling Collection
Earth Day Electronics Recycling Collection The U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC in collaboration with UNICOR Federal Prison Industries C E L E B R A T E E A R T H D A Y A...
Hail Formation via Microphysical Recycling
It is suggested that alternation of low-density riming and wet growth processes play a role in hailstone formation. Such alternation of growth processes, which has been called microphysical recycling, is envisioned to operate in the following ...
John C. Pflaum
Materials - Recycling - Shredder Residue
Recovering Materials from Shredder Residue Recovering Materials from Shredder Residue Obsolete automobiles, home appliances and other metal-containing scrap are shredded for the recovery of metals. More than 50% of the material shredded is automobiles. In the United States, shredders generate about 5 million tons of shredder residue every year. Similar amounts are produced in Europe and in the Pacific Rim. Because recycling shredder waste has not been profitable, most of it ends up in landfills; smaller amounts are incinerated. Argonne researchers have developed and tested a process to recover polymers and metals from shredder residue. A 2-ton/hr pilot plant, consisting of a mechanical separation facility and a six-stage wet density/froth flotation plant, was built at Argonne. In the mechanical part of the plant, the shredder waste was separated into five primary components: a polymer fraction (about 45% by weight), a residual metals concentrate (about 10% by weight), a polyurethane foam portion (about 5% by weight), an organic-rich fraction (about 25% by weight) and a metal oxides fraction (about 15% by weight). The polymer fraction was then separated further in the wet density/froth flotation system to recover individual plastic types or compatible families of polymers.
International Potato Center POSITION ANNOUNCEMENT
International Potato Center POSITION ANNOUNCEMENT Ref.: 10-35/PDG/IRS/HQ Post Doctoral Appointment, Peru. The Center: CIP is a not-for-profit international agricultural research organization
Wang, Z. Jane
Design analysis: understanding e-waste recycling by Generation Y
This paper aims to understand e-waste recycling behavior of Generation Y. It presents a pilot study that explores this generation's e-waste recycling practices, their attitudes towards e-waste recycling, and the barriers to e-waste recycling. The findings ... Keywords: attitude, design, e-waste, recycling, recycling action, recycling behavior
Xiao Zhang; Ron Wakkary
What can Recycling in Thermal Reactors Accomplish?
Thermal recycle provides several potential benefits when used as stop-gap, mixed, or backup recycling to recycling in fast reactors. These three roles involve a mixture of thermal and fast recycling; fast reactors are required to some degree at some time. Stop-gap uses thermal reactors only until fast reactors are adequately deployed and until any thermal-recycle-only facilities have met their economic lifetime. Mixed uses thermal and fast reactors symbiotically for an extended period of time. Backup uses thermal reactors only if problems later develop in the fast reactor portion of a recycling system. Thermal recycle can also provide benefits when used as pure thermal recycling, with no intention to use fast reactors. However, long term, the pure thermal recycling approach is inadequate to meet several objectives.
Steven Piet; Gretchen E. Matthern; Jacob J. Jacobson
Recycling came of age in 1994
While metal and glass recycling have a long history, newer recycling efforts for paper and plastic have gone from a nascent business to maturing industry. After five years, sufficient infrastructure exists to support recycling as a full-fledged business. In the late 1980s, recycling was a business trying to get off the ground. Now it is recognized by many cities and states as a means of economic development and job creation. But recycling`s coming of age was not without growing pains. Many recyclers had to hang on while markets were poor and spotty. Gluts of plastic, waste paper, aluminum, and green glass often made it difficult for recyclers to turn a profit. Until early 1994, prices for most commodities were significantly low, and in some cases, these low prices forced recyclers and processors to close their doors, or at least curtail their operations.
Rabasca, L.
Economic analysis of fuel recycle
Economic analysis was performed at KAERI with the assistance of US DOE to compare single reactor fuel cycle costs for a once-through option and a thermal recycle option to operate 1 GWe of a PWR plant for its lifetime. A reference fuel cycle cost was first calculated for each option with best estimated reference input data. Then a sensitivity analysis was performed changing each single value of such fuel cycle component costs as yellow cake price, enrichment charges, spent fuel storage cost, reprocessing cost, spent fuel disposal cost and reprocessing waste disposal cost. Savings due to thermal recycle in requirements of uranium, conversion, and enrichment were examined using formulas suggested by US DOE, while MOX fabrication penalty was accounted for. As a result of the reference fuel cycle cost analysis, it is calculated that the thermal recycle option is marginally more economical than the once-through option. The major factors affecting the comparative costs between thermal recycle and once-through are the costs of reprocessing, spent fuel storage and the difference between spent fuel disposal and reprocessing waste disposal. However, considering the uncertainty in these cost parameters there seems no immediate economic incentive for thermal recycle at the present time.
Juhn, P.E.
Mineral processing techniques for recycling investment casting shell
The Albany Research Center of the U.S. Department of Energy used materials characterization and minerals beneficiation methods to separate and beneficially modify spent investment-mold components to identify recycling opportunities and minimize environmentally sensitive wastes. The physical and chemical characteristics of the shell materials were determined and used to guide bench-scale research to separate reusable components by mineral-beneficiation techniques. Successfully concentrated shell materials were evaluated for possible use in new markets.
Dahlin, Cheryl L.; Nilsen, David N.; Dahlin, David C.; Hunt, Alton H.; Collins, W. Keith
Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries
B. Dunn B. Dunn Center for Transportation Research Argonne National Laboratory Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries Plug-In 2013 San Diego, CA October 2, 2013 The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.
Ad Building demolition, recycling completed
Ad Building demolition, recycling completed Ad Building demolition, recycling completed Ad Building demolition, recycling completed Demolition of the Administration Building helps Los Alamos meet an NNSA directive to reduce its structural footprint, modernize its infrastructure, and provide workers with safe, energy-efficient facilities. October 11, 2011 Demolition of the administration building Demolition of the Administration Building Contact Steve Sandoval Communications Office (505) 665-9206 Email Project finished under budget, ahead of schedule LOS ALAMOS, New Mexico, October 11, 2011-Los Alamos National Laboratory has completed demolition of its former Administration Building. Demolition of the 316,500-square-foot building that was home to seven Laboratory directors was completed five months ahead of the original schedule and
Materials - Recycling - Polymer Matrix Composites
Recycling of Polymer Matrix Composites Recycling of Polymer Matrix Composites Polymer matrix composites Carbon fibers recovered from a epoxy-based polymer matrix composite. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites (PMCs) are materials with superior strength-to-weight ratios. Finding increased applications in the aerospace industry, PMCs are now being evaluated for possible use in automobile construction. The materials high cost, however, along with concerns about whether the PMCs will be recyclable when the vehicles reach the end of their useful lives, are barriers to its widespread use. With funding provided by the U.S. Department of Energys Vehicle Technologies Program (formerly called the Office of Advanced Transportation Technologies), Argonne is developing an efficient and cost-effective
Sustainable Energy Through Recycling Used Nuclear Fuel
Energy Through Recycling Used Nuclear Fuel M.A. Williamson, A.V. Guelis, J.L. Willit, C. Pereira and A.J. Bakel Argonne National Laboratory Recycle of used nuclear fuel is central...
Automobile Recycling Policy: Findings and Recommendations
This report focuses on recycling. As an objective neutral party, MIT has compiled a knowledge base that examines the many complex issues relating to re-cycling. Although this report was prepared at the request of the ...
Field, Frank
Proceedings of the waste recycling workshop
Recorded are seventeen talks from five sessions at the workshop. FERMCO`s recycling program, state of the art recycling technology, and an integrated demonstration of deactivation, decommissioning and decommissioning are presented in the plenary session. In the concrete session, decontamination and recycling are discussed. In the transite session, regulations are considered along with recycling and decontamination. In the metals session, radioactive scrap metals are emphasized. And in the regulatory considerations and liabilities session, DOE and EPA viewpoints are discussed. (GHH)
Bailey, R.E.; Thomas, A.F.; Ries, M.A. [eds.] [Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)] [eds.; Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
LANL's sanitary facility can now recycle up to 300,000 gallons of water
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
sanitary facility can now recycle up to 300,000 gallons of water sanitary facility can now recycle up to 300,000 gallons of water daily | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Home > NNSA Blog > LANL's sanitary facility can now recycle up ... LANL's sanitary facility can now recycle up to 300,000 gallons of water daily Posted By Office of Public Affairs
Materials for Nuclear Power: Digital Resource Center Text Topic
Print this topic. Topic Title WEB RESOURCE: Nuclear Energy and Global Security Technologies Center. Date Posted: 5/15/2007 2:43 PM Posted By: Lynne�...
NETL: IEP - Coal Utilization By-Products: Consortium Byproducts Recycling
Combustion Byproducts Recycling Consortium (CBRC) Combustion Byproducts Recycling Consortium (CBRC) The mission of the Combustion Byproducts Recycling Consortium (CBRC) is to promote and support the commercially viable and environmentally sound recycling of coal combustion byproducts for productive uses through scientific research, development, and field testing. The overall goals of CBRC are to: Increase the overall national rate of byproduct use by to ~ 50 % by 2010 Increase the number of allowable byproduct uses under state regulations by ~ 25% Double of the current rate of FGD byproduct use CBRC is a unique partnership that integrates the electric power industry, State and Federal regulatory agencies, and academia to form a strong, cohesive consortium to guide the national and regional research priorities of the CBRC. CBRC is managed by the West Virginia Water Research Institute at West Virginia University and is administered by regional centers at the University of Kentucky (Eastern Region), Southern Illinois University (Midwest Region) and the University of North Dakota (Western Region). Primary funding for CBRC is provided by the U.S. Department of Energys National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE-NETL).
Waste Toolkit A-Z Battery recycling
Waste Toolkit A-Z Battery recycling How can I recycle batteries? The University Safety Office is responsible for arranging battery recycling for departments (see Contact at bottom of page). Colleges must make their own arrangements through a registered hazardous waste carrier. Batteries must not be put
Melham, Tom
Recycling steel from grinding swarf
Two cleaning processes have been investigated for removing contaminants (cutting oil with phosphorus ester) from high speed steel (HSS) griding swarf. One process uses an aqueous surfactant washing technique, and the second process uses supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO{sub 2}) extraction. Both technical and preliminary financial analysis are performed to have a better evaluation of these two competing cleaning technologies. Bench scale aqueous washings have shown that the required phosphorus removal is easily obtained, but a sufficient oil removal is more difficult. The experimental results also indicate a strong dependence of the aqueous washing efficiency on the choice of a suitable surfactant. SCCO{sub 2} extraction at 80 C and 340 atm shows that approximately 80% of the oil can be removed from swarf during a 60-minute process to produce a batch of recyclable steel, and that the phosphorus removal also reaches the required level. The cost of processing swarf using either aqueous surfactant washing or SCCO{sub 2} extraction in a 3,000,000 lbs per year plant is analyzed and the market forces impacting the feasibility of recycling on a commercial basis are reviewed. Commercial scale recycling is, in part, dependent upon resolution of regulatory uncertainty on the definition of swarf. States regulating swarf as hazardous provide a significant financial incentive to recycle. In states that regulate swarf as a solid waste, low disposal costs provide a disincentive that must be balanced with the possible hidden, future liabilities of landfill disposal.
Fu, H.; Matthews, M.A.; Warner, L.S. [Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)
PITT RECYCLES! *Please empty cans!
(e.g. Towers Lobby). White paper Most colored paper Notebook paper Copier paper Paperboard (Cereal printout paper Carbonless NCR paper Paper or manila folders Paper envelopes without windows Adding machine NOT Recyclable... Food waste Lunch bags Coffee cups Cellophane Tissues Paper towels Carbon paper Styrofoam Metals
Sibille, Etienne
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel
Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center (EERE)
Biodiesel Biodiesel Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel on AddThis.com... More in this section... Biodiesel Basics Benefits & Considerations Stations Vehicles Laws & Incentives Biodiesel Fuel Prices Find biodiesel fuel prices and trends. Biodiesel is a domestically produced, renewable fuel that can be manufactured from vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled restaurant
NMAC Post Maintenance Testing Guide, Revision 1
This Nuclear Maintenance Applications Center (NMAC) guide addresses the concern of member utilities regarding the adequacy and consistency of post-maintenance testing programs. The guide provides information on structuring, developing, organizing, and controlling a post-maintenance testing program in a power plant. It stresses the importance of advance planning to post-maintenance testing.
Cost effective analysis of recycled products for use in highway construction. Final report
Over 4.5 billion of non-hazardous wastes are generated in the United States each year. Out of these wastes over 200 million tons of post consumer waste is generated. The disposal of post consumer waste is the responsibility of municipality and society. Four waste materials glass, plastic, rubber tires and paper and paperboard were selected for the detail study. A questionnaire survey was conducted for obtaining input from all state Department of Transportation (DOT) Recyclers and solid waste management facilities in the state of Ohio. Responses received from state DOT stated that they use various recycled materials in highway construction but do not conduct cost-effectiveness analysis of recycle waste materials. The cost of disposal of post consumer waste is increasing, which requires an alternate use for these waste materials. One possible use of these post consumer waste materials is in highway construction. An economic analysis is needed for their cost-effectiveness before using these materials in highway construction. Though these recycled waste materials are expensive compared to virgin material, consideration of the savings in terms of societal cost make these materials cost-effective and attractive to use in highway construction.
Gupta, J.D.
Sandia National Laboratories: Pollution Prevention: Recycling
Recycling Recycling Sandia goes beyond basic recycling of common papers, plastics, and metals. We divert as many waste streams for recycling as feasible. The list of materials diverted grows every year. We regularly re-evaluate processes for efficiency and improved revenues as well. Revenue received from recycling goes back into the program to fund material streams that currently cost to process, and to improve and expand the waste reduction infrastructure. The state of New Mexico has a target to recycle 35% of its waste by 2018. The Department of Energy has a goal of 50% by 2015. Sandia/New Mexico is contributing toward both of these goals by recycling nearly 71% of its waste in FY12. Sandia/California is doing even better at 78%. compost pile Composting Sandia/New Mexico sends green waste in the form of branches to Kirtland Air
Recycling of LiFePO4 Batteries
8-11, 2011 8-11, 2011 Linda Gaines Center for Transportation Research Argonne National Laboratory Recycling of LiFePO 4 Batteries 7th International Symposium on Inorganic Phosphate Materials Phosphate Materials for Energy Storage We don't want to trade one crisis for another! Battery material shortages are unlikely - We demonstrated that lithium demand can be met - Recycling mitigates potential scarcity Life-cycle analysis checks for unforeseen impacts We need to find something to do with the used materials - Safe - Economical 2 Battery materials could get used multiple times Initial Use Automotive power Secondary Use Utility storage Residential storage Power at remote location Refurbishment Rejuvenate (change electrolyte) Switch out bad module
Safe recycling of used oil
It`s not just recovery of used oil, but how you recover it, that ultimately determines the impact on the environment. No matter what recycling technology is employed, there are environmental/economic factors that come into play. One is the distance to the end user. Sending the used oil to a nearby plant (e.g. a local asphalt manufacturer as opposed to a distant refiner) both reduces hauling costs and the potential for a spill occurring during transport. Management practices of the used oil recycler, pollution control, insurance coverage and environmental compliance record are other factors in evaluating recovery options. Generators need to be careful about who is collecting their used oil, because they can be held liable for mismanagement.
Arner, R. [Northern Virginia Planning District Commission, Cincinnati, OH (United States)
Slag recycling of irradiated vanadium
An experimental inductoslag apparatus to recycle irradiated vanadium was fabricated and tested. An experimental electroslag apparatus was also used to test possible slags. The testing was carried out with slag materials that were fabricated along with impurity bearing vanadium samples. Results obtained include computer simulated thermochemical calculations and experimentally determined removal efficiencies of the transmutation impurities. Analyses of the samples before and after testing were carried out to determine if the slag did indeed remove the transmutation impurities from the irradiated vanadium.
Gorman, P.K.
Argonne TDC: Salyp Recycling Center - Argonne National Laboratory ...
... that the resulting polyurethane foam meets performance criteria for new-material carpet padding and for reuse in automotive applications, ...
Scrap tire recycling in Minnesota
The author discusses the problems associated with scrap tires. For example, surface storing of scrap tires poses a fire hazard and the rainwater trapped in the tire casings is an ideal breeding ground for mosquitoes. Use as a fuel for energy production is unattractive as long as oil retails at its present low price. Past reclamation processes have not met expectations. Legislation alone is not the answer, because scrap tires cannot be regulated out of existence. However, the Minnesota state legislature has come up with an approach that seems to be successful. It has passed the Waste Tire Act, which not only formulates regulations but also provides funding for research and development. Thus, it has established a tire disposal fund for financing construction costs of tire recycling facilities. One of the outcomes was the construction of the St. Louis county Waste Tire Recycling Facility. Through a leasing arrangement with Minneapolis-based Rubber Elastomerics, Inc. (RRE), construction costs financed by the tire disposal fund eventually will be repaid by RRE to the fund. The arrangement is described in detail. By a process also described, RRE produces a product that can be used in thermoset and in thermoplastic compounds. The user can incorporate between 50 percent and 85 percent of the recycled product into a rubber or plastic compound without significantly affecting the physical properties of the compound.
NETL: 2009 Conference Proceedings - Carbon Recycling Forum
Annual NETL CO2 Capture Technology for Existing Plants R&D Meeting Annual NETL CO2 Capture Technology for Existing Plants R&D Meeting Pittsburgh, PA March 24-26, 2009 Table of Contents Disclaimer Presentations Session 1 Session 2 Session 3 Session 4 Session 5 Session 6 Session 7 Session 8 Session 9 Session 10 SESSION 1 Opening/Overview Introduction [PDF-MB] Lynn Brickett, Director, Existing Plant Division, U.S. DOE/NETL Opening Remarks Scott Klara, Director, Strategic Center for Coal, U.S. DOE/NETL Overview of DOE/NETL CO2 Capture R&D Program [PDF-1.3MB] Jared Ciferno, Technology Manager, Existing Plants Program, U.S. DOE/NETL EPA's CO2 Separation & Capture Research Program [PDF-1.3MB] Nick Hutson, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Post-combustion Sorbent Based Capture Development of a Dry Sorbent-Based Post Combustion CO2 Capture
Nuclear Fuel Recycling Position Statement
The American Nuclear Society believes that if the world is to provide sufficient energy to meet the demands of a growing population and improved standards of living in the 21 st century, nuclear energy will play a substantial role. Nuclear energy is a proven technology that will be part of the mix of technologies used by future generations due to its enormous energy potential with near-zero emissions of greenhouse gases (see related Position Statement 44). Alternative energy sources by themselves will be insufficient to meet these needs during this period of rapidly increasing energy demand. Nuclear fuel recycling, which involves separating the uranium and plutonium from spent nuclear fuel for reuse in the fabrication of new fuel (see Position Statement 47), has the potential to reclaim most of the unused energy in spent fuel. It is a proven alternative to current U.S. policy of direct disposal of spent fuel in a geological repository, which throws away the fuel�s remaining energy content. Recycling of nuclear fuel in other countries with proper safeguards and material controls (see related Position Statement 55) under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has demonstrated the viability of high level waste volume reduction and energy resource conservation. Transitioning to a recycle policy in an era of expanded nuclear deployment will enhance resource utilization, radioactive waste management, and safeguards. Additional research and development 1 are needed to address the issue of cost and to further enhance the safeguards and safety of the various processes that are required. Such research is also needed to secure the U.S. position as a leader in nuclear technology and global nuclear materials stewardship. Therefore, the American Nuclear Society endorses the following: U.S. policy that allows an orderly transition to nuclear fuel recycling in parallel with the development of the high level waste repository, Yucca Mountain, in a manner that would enhance the repository�s efficiency; further research and development of recycle options to ensure a secure and sustainable energy future with reduced proliferation risks.
unknown authors
INEEL Lead Recycling in a Moratorium Environment
Since 1999, the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) Lead Project successfully recycled over 700,000 pounds of excess INEEL lead to the private sector. On February 14, 2000, the Secretary of Energy, Bill Richardson, formalized the January 12, 2000, moratorium on recycling radioactive scrap metal that prevented the unrestricted release of recycled scrap metals to the private sector. This moratorium created significant problems for the INEEL lead recycling program and associated plans; however, through the cooperative efforts of the INEEL and Idaho State University as well as innovative planning and creative thinking the recycling issues were resolved. This collaboration has recycled over 160,000 pounds of excess lead to Idaho State University with a cost savings of over $.5M.
Kooda, K. E.; Galloway, K.; McCray, C. W.; Aitken, D. W.
Recycling production designs : the value of coordination and flexibility in aluminum recycling operations
The growing motivation for aluminum recycling has prompted interest in recycling alternative and more challenging secondary materials. The nature of these alternative secondary materials necessitates the development of an ...
Brommer, Tracey H. (Tracey Helenius)
Waste Processing and Recycling: Some Case Studies
Symposium, WASTE RECYCLING IN MINERAL AND METALLURGICAL ... Effect of Electricity Mix and Ore Grade on the Carbon Footprint of Chilean Cathodic�...
Recycling in America: A Reference Handbook
and academic libraries, the handbook presents a nontechnicalRecycling in America: A Reference Handbook Patricia Murphy Handbook (Contemporary World Issues
Murphy, Patricia
Fourth International Symposium on Recycling of Metals
Combining Lead-Zinc 2000 and Recycling of Metals and Engineered ... Andreas Sigmund, RSR Technologies, Inc. Secondary Copper, Nickel and Cobalt
Concrete & Asphalt Recycling into Reusable Products
SNLNM Pollution Prevention Concrete & Asphalt Recycling into Reusable Products (SNLNM Pollution Prevention Program) March 18, 2010 Doug Vetter, PE, LEED-AP Sandia is a...
Link directory to a variety of general information sources on magnesium production, 0 ... Links to key papers on magnesium primary production, recycling and�...
Battery Recycling by Hydrometallurgy: Evaluation of Simultaneous ...
Presentation Title, Battery Recycling by Hydrometallurgy: Evaluation of ... of spent batteries using the same process, in order to overcome the high costs and�...
Howard Waste Recycling Ltd | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Biomass Product London-based project developer and manufacturer of biomass feedstock for energy production. References Howard Waste Recycling Ltd1 LinkedIn Connections...
NREL: Sustainable NREL - Education Center
Education Center Education Center An aerial photo of a grey, angular building. NREL's Education Center NREL's Education Center on the South Table Mountain main campus incorporates a large number of energy efficiency and sustainability practices into its cutting-edge design. The lab's first showcase building, the facility proudly displays technologies that can save energy, create jobs, and generate clean electricity and fuels from plentiful domestic, carbon-free sources. Energy Efficiency Features Trombe wall lights and heats the exhibit hall Direct evaporative cooling system LED lights with lighting control system Energy management system monitors temperature, humidity and occupancy Sustainability Features Native and xeriscape vegetation Composting and recycling bins For more information, see the Education Center website
Oncology Center
Efforts by the Hollings Cancer Center to earn a designation as a National Cancer Center are outlined.
Kraft, Andrew S.
Zero Waste Program 2011 Recycling Benefits
of the following homes per month: 10,343 286 tons of plastic 95 tons of aluminum 0 KW-Hrs of Electricity from Waste-to-Energy: This provides enough energy to heat and cool at a Waste-to-Energy (WTE) the following homes per month: 10Rutgers Zero Waste Program 2011 Recycling Benefits Through WM's Recycling Program, our company
Delgado, Mauricio
Waste Reduction and Recycling Rina Parikh
Waste Reduction and Recycling Rina Parikh Jimmy Zimmerman Brooke Evans Lacey Johnston #12;The with ideas to reduce waste. Many students have researched possibilities in exploring other aspects of waste that is accumulating in areas of food service and increasing the number of people who recycle. We
Peterson, Blake R.
Preconceptual Design Description for Caustic Recycle Facility
The U.S. Department of Energy plans to vitrify both high-level and low-activity waste at the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State. One aspect of the planning includes a need for a caustic recycle process to separate sodium hydroxide for recycle. Sodium is already a major limitation to the waste-oxide loading in the low-activity waste glass to be vitrified at the Waste Treatment Plant, and additional sodium hydroxide will be added to remove aluminum and to control precipitation in the process equipment. Aluminum is being removed from the high level sludge to reduce the number of high level waste canisters produced. A sodium recycle process would reduce the volume of low-activity waste glass produced and minimize the need to purchase new sodium hydroxide, so there is a renewed interest in investigating sodium recycle. This document describes an electrochemical facility for recycling sodium for the WTP.
Sevigny, Gary J.; Poloski, Adam P.; Fountain, Matthew S.; Kurath, Dean E.
Recycling Magnesium Alloy Housings for Notebook Computers - TMS
Jul 1, 2008 ... This article from Fujitsu Laboratories describes two recycling processes for magnesium alloy housings: one for recycling the excess material�...
Recycling of wasted energy : thermal to electrical energy conversion
SAN DIEGO Recycling of Wasted Energy : Thermal to ElectricalRecycling of Wasted Energy : Thermal to Electrical Energyenergy, geothermal energy, wasted heat from a nuclear
Lim, Hyuck
The Second Symposium on the Recycling of Electronic Wastes
Life cycle and economic analysis for the recycling of E-Wastes. Abstracts Due ... Prospective Scenario of E-Waste Recycling in India � Recovery of Copper from�...
The 10 Obstacles to a Successful Battery Recycling Program
Abstract Scope, Battery recycling in North America has reached adolescence. Retailers are demanding ... Role of Recycling in the Life Cycle of Batteries.
To Recycle or Not to Recycle: That Is the Question - Insights from Life-Cycle Analysis
MRS BULLETIN MRS BULLETIN * VOLUME 37 * APRIL 2012 * www.mrs.org/bulletin © 2012 Materials Research Society MANUFACTURING * RECYCLING Why recycle? The most commonly stated reason for recycling is to reduce burdens associated with the disposal of our never-ending stream of wastes. Waste disposal potentially causes air and water pollution and is costly; moreover, landfi lls compete with other land uses. In addition, recycling can extend our supply of materials to alleviate scarcity and to moderate rising prices of raw materials. Furthermore, recycling is often more environmentally benign than using virgin raw materials and can reduce energy use and emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. Life-cycle analysis Despite these positive attributes, not all recycling processes
Membrane Purification Cell for Aluminum Recycling
Recycling mixed aluminum scrap usually requires adding primary aluminum to the scrap stream as a diluent to reduce the concentration of non-aluminum constituents used in aluminum alloys. Since primary aluminum production requires approximately 10 times more energy than melting scrap, the bulk of the energy and carbon dioxide emissions for recycling are associated with using primary aluminum as a diluent. Eliminating the need for using primary aluminum as a diluent would dramatically reduce energy requirements, decrease carbon dioxide emissions, and increase scrap utilization in recycling. Electrorefining can be used to extract pure aluminum from mixed scrap. Some example applications include producing primary grade aluminum from specific scrap streams such as consumer packaging and mixed alloy saw chips, and recycling multi-alloy products such as brazing sheet. Electrorefining can also be used to extract valuable alloying elements such as Li from Al-Li mixed scrap. This project was aimed at developing an electrorefining process for purifying aluminum to reduce energy consumption and emissions by 75% compared to conventional technology. An electrolytic molten aluminum purification process, utilizing a horizontal membrane cell anode, was designed, constructed, operated and validated. The electrorefining technology could also be used to produce ultra-high purity aluminum for advanced materials applications. The technical objectives for this project were to: - Validate the membrane cell concept with a lab-scale electrorefining cell; - Determine if previously identified voltage increase issue for chloride electrolytes holds for a fluoride-based electrolyte system; - Assess the probability that voltage change issues can be solved; and - Conduct a market and economic analysis to assess commercial feasibility. The process was tested using three different binary alloy compositions (Al-2.0 wt.% Cu, Al-4.7 wt.% Si, Al-0.6 wt.% Fe) and a brazing sheet scrap composition (Al-2.8 wt.% Si-0.7 wt.% Fe-0.8 wt.% Mn),. Purification factors (defined as the initial impurity concentration divided by the final impurity concentration) of greater than 20 were achieved for silicon, iron, copper, and manganese. Cell performance was measured using its current and voltage characteristics and composition analysis of the anode, cathode, and electrolytes. The various cells were autopsied as part of the study. Three electrolyte systems tested were: LiCl-10 wt. % AlCl3, LiCl-10 wt. % AlCl3-5 wt.% AlF3 and LiF-10 wt.% AlF3. An extended four-day run with the LiCl-10 wt.% AlCl3-5 wt.% AlF3 electrolyte system was stable for the entire duration of the experiment, running at energy requirements about one third of the Hoopes and the conventional Hall-Heroult process. Three different anode membranes were investigated with respect to their purification performance and survivability: a woven graphite cloth with 0.05 cm nominal thickness & > 90 % porosity, a drilled rigid membrane with nominal porosity of 33%, and another drilled rigid graphite membrane with increased thickness. The latter rigid drilled graphite was selected as the most promising membrane design. The economic viability of the membrane cell to purify scrap is sensitive to primary & scrap aluminum prices, and the cost of electricity. In particular, it is sensitive to the differential between scrap and primary aluminum price which is highly variable and dependent on the scrap source. In order to be economically viable, any scrap post-processing technology in the U.S. market must have a total operating cost well below the scrap price differential of $0.20-$0.40 per lb to the London Metal Exchange (LME), a margin of 65%-85% of the LME price. The cost to operate the membrane cell is estimated to be aluminum. The energy cost is estimated to be $0.05/lb of purified aluminum with the remaining costs being repair and maintenance, electrolyte, labor, taxes and depreciation. The bench-scale work on membrane purification cell process has demonstrated technological advantages and subs
David DeYoung; James Wiswall; Cong Wang
Recycling mixed aluminum scrap usually requires adding primary aluminum to the scrap stream as a diluent to reduce the concentration of non-aluminum constituents used in aluminum alloys. Since primary aluminum production requires approximately 10 times more energy than melting scrap, the bulk of the energy and carbon dioxide emissions for recycling are associated with using primary aluminum as a diluent. Eliminating the need for using primary aluminum as a diluent would dramatically reduce energy requirements, decrease carbon dioxide emissions, and increase scrap utilization in recycling. Electrorefining can be used to extract pure aluminum from mixed scrap. Some example applications include producing primary grade aluminum from specific scrap streams such as consumer packaging and mixed alloy saw chips, and recycling multi-alloy products such as brazing sheet. Electrorefining can also be used to extract valuable alloying elements such as Li from Al-Li mixed scrap. This project was aimed at developing an electrorefining process for purifying aluminum to reduce energy consumption and emissions by 75% compared to conventional technology. An electrolytic molten aluminum purification process, utilizing a horizontal membrane cell anode, was designed, constructed, operated and validated. The electrorefining technology could also be used to produce ultra-high purity aluminum for advanced materials applications. The technical objectives for this project were to: - Validate the membrane cell concept with a lab-scale electrorefining cell; - Determine if previously identified voltage increase issue for chloride electrolytes holds for a fluoride-based electrolyte system; - Assess the probability that voltage change issues can be solved; and - Conduct a market and economic analysis to assess commercial feasibility. The process was tested using three different binary alloy compositions (Al-2.0 wt.% Cu, Al-4.7 wt.% Si, Al-0.6 wt.% Fe) and a brazing sheet scrap composition (Al-2.8 wt.% Si-0.7 wt.% Fe-0.8 wt.% Mn),. Purification factors (defined as the initial impurity concentration divided by the final impurity concentration) of greater than 20 were achieved for silicon, iron, copper, and manganese. Cell performance was measured using its current and voltage characteristics and composition analysis of the anode, cathode, and electrolytes. The various cells were autopsied as part of the study. Three electrolyte systems tested were: LiCl-10 wt. % AlCl3, LiCl-10 wt. % AlCl3-5 wt.% AlF3 and LiF-10 wt.% AlF3. An extended four-day run with the LiCl-10 wt.% AlCl3-5 wt.% AlF3 electrolyte system was stable for the entire duration of the experiment, running at energy requirements about one third of the Hoopes and the conventional Hall-Heroult process. Three different anode membranes were investigated with respect to their purification performance and survivability: a woven graphite cloth with 0.05 cm nominal thickness & > 90 % porosity, a drilled rigid membrane with nominal porosity of 33%, and another drilled rigid graphite membrane with increased thickness. The latter rigid drilled graphite was selected as the most promising membrane design. The economic viability of the membrane cell to purify scrap is sensitive to primary & scrap aluminum prices, and the cost of electricity. In particular, it is sensitive to the differential between scrap and primary aluminum price which is highly variable and dependent on the scrap source. In order to be economically viable, any scrap post-processing technology in the U.S. market must have a total operating cost well below the scrap price differential of $0.20-$0.40 per lb to the London Metal Exchange (LME), a margin of 65%-85% of the LME price. The cost to operate the membrane cell is estimated to be < $0.24/lb of purified aluminum. The energy cost is estimated to be $0.05/lb of purified aluminum with the remaining costs being repair and maintenance, electrolyte, labor, taxes and depreciation. The bench-scale work on membrane purification cell process has demonstrated technological advantages and subs
Fuzzy Assessment of Material Recyclability and Its Applications
A method to assess material recyclability using fuzzy logic is presented. Recyclability of materials is defined as a function of several variables, called basic indicators, which influence the technology and economics of the recycling processes, policies ... Keywords: Monotonic fuzzy systems, Recyclability
Yannis A. Phillis; Vassilis S. Kouikoglou; Xiaomin Zhu
Nuclear fuel recycling in 4 minutes | Argonne National Laboratory
fuel recycling in 4 minutes Share Topic Energy Energy sources Nuclear energy Nuclear fuel cycle Reactors...
LANL exceeds Early Recovery Act recycling goals
LANL exceeds Early Recovery Act recycling goals LANL exceeds Early Recovery Act recycling goals LANL exceeds Early Recovery Act recycling goals Lab demolition projects under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act have recovered more than 136 tons of recyclable metal since work began last year. March 8, 2010 Los Alamos National Laboratory sits on top of a once-remote mesa in northern New Mexico with the Jemez mountains as a backdrop to research and innovation covering multi-disciplines from bioscience, sustainable energy sources, to plasma physics and new materials. Los Alamos National Laboratory sits on top of a once-remote mesa in northern New Mexico with the Jemez mountains as a backdrop to research and innovation covering multi-disciplines from bioscience, sustainable energy sources, to plasma physics and new materials.
Brickyard Recycling Biomass Facility | Open Energy Information
Recycling Biomass Facility Recycling Biomass Facility Jump to: navigation, search Name Brickyard Recycling Biomass Facility Facility Brickyard Recycling Sector Biomass Facility Type Landfill Gas Location Vermilion County, Illinois Coordinates 40.122469°, -87.697554° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.122469,"lon":-87.697554,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Bayshore Recycling Solar Project | Open Energy Information
Bayshore Recycling Solar Project Bayshore Recycling Solar Project Jump to: navigation, search Name Bayshore Recycling Solar Project Facility Bayshore Recycling Solar Project Sector Solar Facility Type Roof-mount Owner EnXco Developer EnXco Location Keasbey, New Jersey Coordinates 40.51667°, -74.30556° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.51667,"lon":-74.30556,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
RecycleBank | Open Energy Information
RecycleBank RecycleBank Jump to: navigation, search Logo: RecycleBank Name RecycleBank Address 95 Morton Street Place New York, New York Sector Efficiency Number of employees 51-200 Website http://www.recyclebank.com/ Coordinates 40.731373°, -74.008584° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.731373,"lon":-74.008584,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Loveland Water & Power- Refrigerator Recycling Program
Loveland Water & Power is providing an incentive for its customers to recycle their old refrigerators. Interested customers can call the utility to arrange a time to pick up the old...
Hydrogen recycle modeling in transport codes
The hydrogen recycling models now used in Tokamak transport codes are reviewed and the method by which realistic recycling models are being added is discussed. Present models use arbitrary recycle coefficients and therefore do not model the actual recycling processes at the wall. A model for the hydrogen concentration in the wall serves two purposes: (1) it allows a better understanding of the density behavior in present gas puff, pellet, and neutral beam heating experiments; and (2) it allows one to extrapolate to long pulse devices such as EBT, ISX-C and reactors where the walls are observed or expected to saturate. Several wall models are presently being studied for inclusion in transport codes.
Howe, H.C.
Evaluation of radioactive scrap metal recycling
This report evaluates the human health risks and environmental and socio-political impacts of options for recycling radioactive scrap metal (RSM) or disposing of and replacing it. Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) is assisting the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management, Oak Ridge Programs Division, in assessing the implications of RSM management alternatives. This study is intended to support the DOE contribution to a study of metal recycling being conducted by the Task Group on Recycling and Reuse of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The focus is on evaluating the justification for the practice of recycling RSM, and the case of iron and steel scrap is used as an example in assessing the impacts. To conduct the evaluation, a considerable set of data was compiled and developed. Much of this information is included in this document to provide a source book of information.
Nieves, L.A.; Chen, S.Y.; Kohout, E.J.; Nabelssi, B.; Tilbrook, R.W.; Wilson, S.E.
Agony and ecstasy of tire recycling
This article discusses the problem of used tires and the recycling of them. Shredded tires have a multitude of uses-new rubber, road construction, mulch, fuel, in composting and home insulation.
Logsdon, G.
Innovative Vacuum Distillation for Magnesium Recycling
Feb 1, 2001 ... TMS Member price: 10.00. Non-member price: 25.00. TMS Student Member price : 10.00. Product In Stock. Description Magnesium recycling�...
BWR Assembly Optimization for Minor Actinide Recycling
The Primary objective of the proposed project is to apply and extend the latest advancements in LWR fuel management optimization to the design of advanced boiling water reactor (BWR) fuel assemblies specifically for the recycling of minor actinides (MAs).
G. Ivan Maldonado; John M. Christenson; J.P. Renier; T.F. Marcille; J. Casal
Waste tire recycling by pyrolysis
This project examines the City of New Orleans' waste tire problem. Louisiana State law, as of January 1, 1991, prohibits the knowing disposal of whole waste tires in landfills. Presently, the numerous waste tire stockpiles in New Orleans range in size from tens to hundreds of tires. New Orleans' waste tire problem will continue to increase until legal disposal facilities are made accessible and a waste tire tracking and regulatory system with enforcement provisions is in place. Tires purchased outside of the city of New Orleans may be discarded within the city's limits; therefore, as a practical matter this study analyzes the impact stemming from the entire New Orleans metropolitan area. Pyrolysis mass recovery (PMR), a tire reclamation process which produces gas, oil, carbon black and steel, is the primary focus of this report. The technical, legal and environmental aspects of various alternative technologies are examined. The feasibility of locating a hypothetical PMR operation within the city of New Orleans is analyzed based on the current economic, regulatory, and environmental climate in Louisiana. A thorough analysis of active, abandoned, and proposed Pyrolysis operations (both national and international) was conducted as part of this project. Siting a PMR plant in New Orleans at the present time is technically feasible and could solve the city's waste tire problem. Pending state legislation could improve the city's ability to guarantee a long term supply of waste tires to any large scale tire reclamation or recycling operation, but the local market for PMR end products is undefined.
Economic Feasibility of Recycling Photovoltaic Modules
The market for photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation has boomed over the last decade, and its expansion is expected to continue with the development of new technologies. Taking into consideration the usage of valuable resources and the generation of emissions in the life cycle of photovoltaic technologies dictates proactive planning for a sound PV recycling infrastructure to ensure its sustainability. PV is expected to be a 'green' technology, and properly planning for recycling will offer the opportunity to make it a 'double-green' technology - that is, enhancing life cycle environmental quality. In addition, economic feasibility and a sufficient level of value-added opportunity must be ensured, to stimulate a recycling industry. In this article, we survey mathematical models of the infrastructure of recycling processes of other products and identify the challenges for setting up an efficient one for PV. Then we present an operational model for an actual recycling process of a thin-film PV technology. We found that for the case examined with our model, some of the scenarios indicate profitable recycling, whereas in other scenarios it is unprofitable. Scenario SC4, which represents the most favorable scenario by considering the lower bounds of all costs and the upper bound of all revenues, produces a monthly profit of $107,000, whereas the least favorable scenario incurs a monthly loss of $151,000. Our intent is to extend the model as a foundation for developing a framework for building a generalized model for current-PV and future-PV technologies.
This project examines the City of New Orleans` waste tire problem. Louisiana State law, as of January 1, 1991, prohibits the knowing disposal of whole waste tires in landfills. Presently, the numerous waste tire stockpiles in New Orleans range in size from tens to hundreds of tires. New Orleans` waste tire problem will continue to increase until legal disposal facilities are made accessible and a waste tire tracking and regulatory system with enforcement provisions is in place. Tires purchased outside of the city of New Orleans may be discarded within the city`s limits; therefore, as a practical matter this study analyzes the impact stemming from the entire New Orleans metropolitan area. Pyrolysis mass recovery (PMR), a tire reclamation process which produces gas, oil, carbon black and steel, is the primary focus of this report. The technical, legal and environmental aspects of various alternative technologies are examined. The feasibility of locating a hypothetical PMR operation within the city of New Orleans is analyzed based on the current economic, regulatory, and environmental climate in Louisiana. A thorough analysis of active, abandoned, and proposed Pyrolysis operations (both national and international) was conducted as part of this project. Siting a PMR plant in New Orleans at the present time is technically feasible and could solve the city`s waste tire problem. Pending state legislation could improve the city`s ability to guarantee a long term supply of waste tires to any large scale tire reclamation or recycling operation, but the local market for PMR end products is undefined.
Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #341: October 11, 2004 Tire Recycling
1: October 11, 1: October 11, 2004 Tire Recycling to someone by E-mail Share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #341: October 11, 2004 Tire Recycling on Facebook Tweet about Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #341: October 11, 2004 Tire Recycling on Twitter Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #341: October 11, 2004 Tire Recycling on Google Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #341: October 11, 2004 Tire Recycling on Delicious Rank Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #341: October 11, 2004 Tire Recycling on Digg Find More places to share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #341: October 11, 2004 Tire Recycling on AddThis.com... Fact #341: October 11, 2004 Tire Recycling In 2001, the United States generated 281 million scrap tires. Nearly 78% of those scrap tires were reused, recycled, or recovered; that is a dramatic
Post-Combustion CO2 Capture 11 -13 July 2010
Post-Combustion CO2 Capture Workshop 11 - 13 July 2010 Tufts European Center Talloires, France Institute | | Clean Air Task Force | | Asia Clean Energy Innovation Initiative | #12;Post-Combustion CO2 Capture Workshop 11 - 13 July 2010 Talloires, France PROCEEDINGS: Post-Combustion CO2 Capture Workshop
Value Centers
Value centers identify the over-reaching themes, initiatives, and opportunities in alignment with the strategic goals of AOCS. Value Centers AOCS History and Governance about us aocs committees contact us division council fats governing board hist
INEL metal recycle annual report, FY-94
In 1992, the mission of the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant was changed from reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels to development of technologies for conditioning of spent nuclear fuels and other high-level wastes for disposal in a geologic repository. In addition, the Department of Energy (DOE) directed Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) to develop a program plan addressing the management of radioactive contaminated scrap metal (RSM) within the DOE complex. Based on discussions with the EM-30 organization, the INEL Metal Recycle program plan was developed to address all issues of RSM management. Major options considered for RSM management were engineered interim storage, land disposal as low-level waste, and beneficial reuse/recycle. From its inception, the Metal Recycle program has emphasized avoidance of storage and disposal costs through beneficial reuse of RSM. The Metal Recycle program plan includes three major activities: Site-by-site inventory of RSM resources; validation of technologies for conversion of RSM to usable products; and identification of parties prepared to participate in development of a RSM recycle business.
Bechtold, T.E. [ed.
Energy implications of glass-container recycling
This report addresses the question of whether glass-container recycling actually saves energy. Glass-container production in 1991 was 10{sup 7} tons, with cullet making up about 30% of the input to manufacture. Two-thirds of the cullet is postconsumer waste; the remainder is in-house scrap (rejects). Most of the glass recycled is made into new containers. Total primary energy consumption includes direct process-energy use by the industry (adjusted to account for the efficiency of fuel production) plus fuel and raw-material transportation and production energies; the grand total for 1991 is estimated to be about 168 {times} 10{sup 12} Btu. The total primary energy use decreases as the percent of glass recycled rises, but the maximum energy saved is only about 13%. If distance to the landfill is kept fixed and that to the recovery facility multiplied by about eight, to 100 mi, a break-even point is reached, and recycling saves no energy. Previous work has shown that to save energy when using glass bottles, reuse is the clear choice. Recycling of glass does not save much energy or valuable raw material and does not reduce air or water pollution significantly. The most important impacts are the small reduction of waste sent to the landfill and increased production rates at glass plants.
Gaines, L.L.; Mintz, M.M. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)
Progress in recycling of automobile shredder residue
At Argonne National Laboratory, we have been developing a potentially economical process to recycle automobile shredder residue (ASR). We identified three potentially marketable materials that can be recovered from ASR and developed technologies to recover and upgrade these materials. We build and tested a field-demonstration plant for recycling polyurethane foam and produced about 2000 lb of recycled foam. Several 300-lb samples were sent for evaluation and were found to be of marketable quality. We are also preparing for a large-scale test in which about 200 tons of ASR-derived fines will be used as a raw material in cement making. A major cement company has evaluated small samples of fines prepared in the laboratory and found that they meet its requirements as a substitute for iron ore or mill scale. We also produced about 50 lb of recycled acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) from obsolete automobiles and found that it has properties that could be readily upgraded to meet the specifications of the automotive industry. In this paper, we briefly discuss the process as a whole and summarize the results obtained from the field work on foam and fines recycling.
Jody, B.J.; Daniels, E.J.; Pomykala, J.A. Jr.
Assessment of medical waste management at a primary health-care center in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Assessment of medical waste management at health-care center before/after intervention. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Qualitative and quantitative results of medical waste management plan are presented. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Adjustments to comply with regulation were adopted and reduction of waste was observed. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The method applied could be useful for similar establishments. - Abstract: According to the Brazilian law, implementation of a Medical Waste Management Plan (MWMP) in health-care units is mandatory, but as far as we know evaluation of such implementation has not taken place yet. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the improvements deriving from the implementation of a MWMP in a Primary Health-care Center (PHC) located in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The method proposed for evaluation compares the first situation prevailing at this PHC with the situation 1 year after implementation of the MWMP, thus allowing verification of the evolution of the PHC performance. For prior and post-diagnosis, the method was based on: (1) application of a tool (check list) which considered all legal requirements in force; (2) quantification of solid waste subdivided into three categories: infectious waste and sharp devices, recyclable materials and non-recyclable waste; and (3) identification of non-conformity practices. Lack of knowledge on the pertinent legislation by health workers has contributed to non-conformity instances. The legal requirements in force in Brazil today gave origin to a tool (check list) which was utilized in the management of medical waste at the health-care unit studied. This tool resulted into an adequate and simple instrument, required a low investment, allowed collecting data to feed indicators and also conquered the participation of the unit whole staff. Several non-conformities identified in the first diagnosis could be corrected by the instrument utilized. Total waste generation increased 9.8%, but it was possible to reduce the volume of non-recyclable materials (11%) and increase the volume of recyclable materials (4%). It was also possible to segregate organic waste (7%), which was forwarded for production of compost. The rate of infectious waste generation in critical areas decreased from 0.021 to 0.018 kg/procedure. Many improvements have been observed, and now the PHC complies with most of legal requirements, offers periodic training and better biosafety conditions to workers, has reduced the volume of waste sent to sanitary landfills, and has introduced indicators for monitoring its own performance. This evaluation method might subsidize the creation and evaluation of medical waste management plans in similar heath institutions.
Moreira, A.M.M., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 715, Sao Paulo 01246-904 (Brazil); Guenther, W.M.R. [Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 715, Sao Paulo 01246-904 (Brazil)
Plant Nucleotide Sugar Formation, Interconversion, and Salvage by Sugar Recycling*
Plant Plant Nucleotide Sugar Formation, Interconversion, and Salvage by Sugar Recycling ∗ Maor Bar-Peled 1,2 and Malcolm A. O'Neill 2 1 Department of Plant Biology and 2 Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602; email: firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 2011. 62:127-55 First published online as a Review in Advance on March 1, 2011 The Annual Review of Plant Biology is online at plant.annualreviews.org This article's doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103918 Copyright c 2011 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved 1543-5008/11/0602-0127$20.00 ∗ Dedicated to Peter Albersheim for his inspiration and his pioneering studies in determining the structure and biological functions of complex carbohydrates. Keywords nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, nucleotide sugar interconversion, nucleotide sugar
Can Automotive Battery recycling Help Meet Lithium Demand?
Gaines, Jennifer B. Dunn, and Christine James Gaines, Jennifer B. Dunn, and Christine James Center for Transportation Research Argonne National Laboratory Can Automotive Battery Recycling Help Meet Lithium Demand? ACS Meeting New Orleans, LA April 7-11, 2013 The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly
Field evaluation of recycled plastic lumber (RPL) pallets. Final project report
One significant component of the waste stream, discarded plastic products and packaging, continues to be a growing portion of the municipal solid waste (MSW). There has been considerable work done in characterizing the quantity and types of plastics in different waste streams, collection methods, separation, sorting as well as technologies for processing post-consumer mixed plastics. The focus in recent years has been the development of markets for recycled plastic products, which constitutes the second half of the material flow diagram cycle shown in Figure 1. One key product that holds significant promise for plastics recycling to be both technically feasible and economically viable is Recycled Plastic Lumber (RPL). The contents of this report forms the second phase of a two-phase pilot project on developing specifications and standards for a product fabricated from RPL. Such standards and specifications are needed to prepare procurement guidelines for state and federal agencies interested in purchasing products made from recycled materials. The first phase focused on establishing a procedure to evaluate RPL product,s such as pallets, in a laboratory setting while this phase focuses on field evaluation of RPL pallets in service. This effort is critical in the development of new markets for RPL products. A brief summary of the findings from Phase 1 of this effort is presented next.
Krishnaswamy, P.; Miele, C.R.; Francini, R.B. [Battelle, Columbus, OH (United States); Yuracko, K. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Yerace, P. [Dept. of Energy, Fernald, OH (United States)
Recycled Energy Development | Open Energy Information
Recycled Energy Development Recycled Energy Development Jump to: navigation, search Name Recycled Energy Development Place Westmont, Illinois Zip 60559 Product RED acquires industrial utility plants and then builds and installs waste energy capture and combined heat and power systems. Coordinates 40.316095°, -78.956753° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.316095,"lon":-78.956753,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Recycle/reuse: the right answer
Typically, all costs associated with disposal of hazardous waste are eliminated when the material is sold for reuse/recycling. In the future, out-of-pocket disposal costs can be expected to increase, and the market value of many materials found in wastes should rise as finite cheap virgin material sources are depleted. The recognition that natural resources will become increasingly scarce (perhaps similar to oil) has prompted the major oil companies to acquire major non-ferrous metal companies. In order to determine whether a serious marketing effort for recycling is justifiable, an accurate characterization of the must be made. Innovation in developing new applications is essential unless the material is one that has been traditionally recycled. In the coming years, as both the value of our waste and its dispsal increase, much greater emphasis must be placed on the principle of non-waste technology.
Immerman, R.L.
Impacts of EV battery production and recycling
Electric vehicles batteries use energy and produce environmental residuals when they are produced and recycled. This study estimates, for four selected battery types (sodium-sulfur, nickel-metal hydride, nickel-cadmium, and advanced lead-acid), the impacts of production and recycling of the materials used in electric vehicle batteries. These impacts are compared, with special attention to the locations of the emissions. It is found that the choice among batteries for electric vehicles involves tradeoffs among impacts. Nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride batteries are similar, for example, but energy requirements for the production of cadmium electrodes may be higher than those for metal hydride electrodes, while the latter may be more difficult to recycle.
Gaines, L.; Singh, M. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). Energy Systems Div.
Chemical and mechanical recycling of shredder fluff
Each year, the secondary metals industry recovers about 55--60 million tons of prompt and obsolete scrap which is used in the production of finished steel products. The single largest source of this scrap is the obsolete automobile. The shredder industry recovers about 10--12 million ton/yr of ferrous scrap, most of which is from shredded automobiles. However, for each ton of steel recovered, over 500 lb of fluff are produced. Shredder fluff is comprised of the nonmetallic content of the automobile and other shredded materials, such as refrigerators, dryers, and dishwashers, which are commonly called white goods. The plastics content of shredder fluff is typically about 15--20% by weight and is expected to increase over the next decade due to the significant increase in the use of automotive plastics over the past 10--15 years. At present, shredder fluff is landfilled. The rapidly escalating landfilling cost, along with environmental concerns over the fate of this waste, poses a significant cost and liability to the shredder industry. Research is being carried out to identify and develop recycling technologies that will reduce the volume and the mass of shredder fluff going to landfills and to minimize its cost impact on the recycling of secondary metals. Previous research has focused on exploiting the plastics content of shredder fluff and other hydrocarbons present in fluff for secondary recycling (e.g., production of wood-products substitutes) and for quaternary recycling (e.g., energy generation). Limited work was also conducted on tertiary recycling (e.g., pyrolysis and gasification). Although the previous research has established the technical feasibility of most, if not all, of the alternatives that were examined, none have proven to be cost-effective. This paper describes some research at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) to develop a process to recycle some of the fluff content, primarily the thermoplastics.
Jody, B.J.; Daniels, E.J.; Bonsignore, P.V.; Shoemaker, E.L.
Recycle of radiologically contaminated austenitic stainless steels
The United States Department of Energy owns large quantities of radiologically contaminated austenitic stainless steel which could by recycled for reuse if appropriate release standards were in place. Unfortunately, current policy places the formulation of a release standard for USA industry years, if not decades, away. The Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory and various university and industrial partners are participating in initiative to recycle previously contaminated austenitic stainless steels into containers for the storage and disposal of radioactive wastes. This paper describes laboratory scale experiments which demonstrated the decontamination and remelt of stainless steel which had been contaminated with radionuclides.
Imrich, K.J.; Leader, D.R.; Iyer, N.C.; Louthan, M.R. Jr.
Recovery, reuse, and recycle of industrial waste
The major goal of this work is to produce a document useful in planning efforts aimed at elimination of industrial wastes through the application of recycle, recovery, and reuse technology. The pollutants considered in this study are basically organic and inorganic by-products from wastewater effluents, solid residue and gaseous emissions from industrial operations. The first section contains chapters on methodology currently available for recovery of industrial and hazardous waste, and developing technology for recycle, reuse and recovery. The second section contains chapters on 5 technical categories, used for recovery namely, sorption, molecular separation, phase transition, chemical modification, and physical dispersion and separation.
Noll, K.E.; Haas, C.N.; Schmidt, C.; Kodukula, P.
The value of recycling on water conservation.
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) is working to conserve water through recycling. This report will focus on the water conservation that has been accumulated through the recycling of paper, ceiling tiles, compost, and plastic. It will be discussed the use of water in the process of manufacturing these materials and the amount of water that is used. The way that water is conserved will be reviewed. From the stand point of SNL it will be discussed the amount of material that has been accumulated from 2010 to the first two quarters of 2013 and how much water this material has saved.
Ludi-Herrera, Katlyn D.
Methanation process utilizing split cold gas recycle
DOE Patents (OSTI)
In the methanation of feed gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen in multiple stages, the feed gas, cold recycle gas and hot product gas is mixed in such proportions that the mixture is at a temperature sufficiently high to avoid carbonyl formation and to initiate the reaction and, so that upon complete reaction of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen, an excessive adiabatic temperature will not be reached. Catalyst damage by high or low temperatures is thereby avoided with a process that utilizes extraordinarily low recycle ratios and a minimum of investment in operating costs.
Tajbl, Daniel G. (Evanston, IL); Lee, Bernard S. (Lincolnwood, IL); Schora, Jr., Frank C. (Palatine, IL); Lam, Henry W. (Rye, NY)
Study of recycling impurity retention in Alcator C-mod
This work was aimed at reproducing experimental results in impurity compression of Ar, as well as the screening of recycling and non-recycling impurities from reaching the core plasma. As part of the study the code was ...
Chung, Taekyun
A comparison of public policies for lead recycling
Policies that encourage recycling may be used to reduce environmental costs from waste disposal when direct restrictions on disposal are difficult to enforce. Four recycling policies have been advanced: (i) taxes on the ...
Sigman, Hilary
Recycling Carbon Dioxide to Make Plastics | Department of Energy
Recycling Carbon Dioxide to Make Plastics Recycling Carbon Dioxide to Make Plastics May 20, 2013 - 1:31pm Addthis Novomers thermoplastic pellets incorporate waste CO2 into a...
Impact of hybrid and electric vehicles on automobile recycling infrastructure
The recycling infrastructure for end-of-use vehicles in the United States is driven by profitability due to the absence of regulations. Typically, the recycling consists of removing reusable components for resale and shredding and separating remaining ...
Deogratias Kibira; Sanjay Jain
Silicon Production, Purification and Recycling for Photovoltaic Cells
About this Symposium. Meeting, 2011 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition. Symposium, Silicon Production, Purification and Recycling for Photovoltaic Cells.
Fourth International Symposium on Recycling of Metals: Table Top ...
TMS Logo. Fourth International Symposium on Recycling of Metals: Table Top Exhibit. 2000 TMS FALL EXTRACTION AND PROCESS METALLURGY�...
Evaluation of Environmental Tradeoffs in Portable Battery Recycling
About this Abstract. Meeting, 2011 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition. Symposium , Battery Recycling. Presentation Title, Evaluation of Environmental Tradeoffs in�...
Impacts of the Manufacturing and Recycling Stages on Battery Life ...
About this Abstract. Meeting, 2012 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition. Symposium , Battery Recycling. Presentation Title, Impacts of the Manufacturing and�...
Fourth International Symposium on Recycling of Metals and ...
Recycling - A Fan of the Can. X B. Steverson ................................................................. ............................................... 923. Development of New Filter for Removal of�...
Recovery, recycle and reuse of industrial wastes
This book discusses the elimination of industrial wastes through the application of recycle, recovery and reuse technology. An overview is provided of how various processes can recover potential contaminants for eventual reuse. Chapters include resource recovery from hazardous waste, sorption, molecular separation, phase transition, chemical modifications, physical dispersion and separation.
Correction magnets for the Fermilab Recycler Ring
In the commissioning of the Fermilab Recycler ring the need for higher order corrector magnets in the regions near beam transfers was discovered. Three types of permanent magnet skew quadrupoles, and two types of permanent magnet sextupoles were designed and built. This paper describes the need for these magnets, the design, assembly, and magnetic measurements.
James T Volk et al.
Selective purge for hydrogenation reactor recycle loop
Processes and apparatus for providing improved contaminant removal and hydrogen recovery in hydrogenation reactors, particularly in refineries and petrochemical plants. The improved contaminant removal is achieved by selective purging, by passing gases in the hydrogenation reactor recycle loop or purge stream across membranes selective in favor of the contaminant over hydrogen.
Baker, Richard W. (Palo Alto, CA); Lokhandwala, Kaaeid A. (Union City, CA)
Environmental regulations can have a significant impact on product use, disposal, and recycling. This report summarizes the basic aspects of current federal, state and international regulations which apply to end-of-life photovoltaic (PV) modules and PV manufacturing scrap destined for disposal or recycling. It also discusses proposed regulations for electronics that may set the ground of what is to be expected in this area in the near future. In the US, several states have started programs to support the recycling of electronic equipment, and materials destined for recycling often are excepted from solid waste regulations during the collection, transfer, storage and processing stages. California regulations are described separately because they are different from those of most other states. International agreements on the movement of waste between different countries may pose barriers to cross-border shipments. Currently waste moves freely among country members of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and between the US and the four countries with which the US has bilateral agreements. However, it is expected, that the US will adopt the rules of the Basel Convention (an agreement which currently applies to 128 countries but not the US) and that the Convection's waste classification system will influence the current OECD waste-handling system. Some countries adopting the Basel Convention consider end-of-life electronics to be hazardous waste, whereas the OECD countries consider them to be non-hazardous. Also, waste management regulations potentially affecting electronics in Germany and Japan are mentioned in this report.
WINCO Metal Recycle annual report, FY 1993
This report is a summary of the first year progress of the WINCO Metal Recycle Program. Efforts were directed towards assessment of radioactive scrap metal inventories, economics and concepts for recycling, technology development, and transfer of technology to the private sector. Seven DOE laboratories worked together to develop a means for characterizing scrap metal. Radioactive scrap metal generation rates were established for several of these laboratories. Initial cost estimates indicate that recycle may be preferable over burial if sufficient decontamination factors can be achieved during melt refining. Radiation levels of resulting ingots must be minimized in order to keep fabrication costs low. Industry has much of the expertise and capability to execute the recycling of radioactive scrap metal. While no single company can sort, melt, refine, roll and fabricate, a combination of two to three can complete this operation. The one process which requires development is in melt refining for removal of radionuclides other than uranium. WINCO is developing this capability in conjunction with academia and industry. This work will continue into FY-94.
Recycling of Thermoset-Matrix Composites
Table 1 Thermoset composites recycling processes...Ref 14 ) Polyurethane foams, ASR Gas, oil, solid waste Hydrolysis ( Ref 10 , 11 ) Foams, RIM resin, and elastomers Monomers of the input material Fluidized bed combustion ( Ref 14 ) RIM Energy recovery, solid and gaseous wastes Rotary kiln combustion ( Ref 13 ) RIM Energy recovery, solid and gaseous...
Solid Waste Reduction, Recovery, and Recycling | Department of Energy
Reduction, Recovery, and Recycling Reduction, Recovery, and Recycling Solid Waste Reduction, Recovery, and Recycling < Back Eligibility Investor-Owned Utility Rural Electric Cooperative Utility Savings Category Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Buying & Making Electricity Water Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Wisconsin Program Type Environmental Regulations Provider Department of Natural Resources This statute expresses the strong support of the State of Wisconsin for the reduction of the amount of solid waste generated, the reuse, recycling and composting of solid waste, and resource recovery from solid waste. The statute also notes that research, development and innovation in the design, management and operation of solid waste reduction, reuse, recycling,
Model institutional infrastructures for recycling of photovoltaic modules
How will photovoltaic modules (PVMS) be recycled at the end of their service lives? This question has technological and institutional components (Reaven, 1994a). The technological aspect concerns the physical means of recycling: what advantages and disadvantages of the several existing and emerging mechanical, thermal, and chemical recycling processes and facilities merit consideration? The institutional dimension refers to the arrangements for recycling: what are the operational and financial roles of the parties with an interest in PVM recycling? These parties include PVM manufacturers, trade organizations; distributors, and retailers; residential, commercial, and utility PVM users; waste collectors, transporters, reclaimers, and reclaimers; and governments.
Reaven, S.J.; Moskowitz, P.D.; Fthenakis, V.
Technology Analysis - Battery Recycling and Life Cycle Analysis
Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling and Life Cycle Analysis Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling and Life Cycle Analysis diagram of the battery recycling life cycle Several types of recycling processes are available, recovering materials usable at different stages of the production cycle- from metallic elements to materials that can be reused directly in new batteries. Recovery closer to final usable form avoids more impact-intensive process steps. Portions courtesy of Umicore, Inc. To identify the potential impacts of the growing market for automotive lithium-ion batteries, Argonne researchers are examining the material demand and recycling issues related to lithium-ion batteries. Research includes: Conducting studies to identify the greenest, most economical recycling processes, Investigating recycling practices to determine how much of which
Research, Commercialization, & Workforce Development in the Polymer/Electronics Recycling Industry
The Mid-Atlantic Recycling Center for End-of-Life Electronics (MARCEE) was set up in 1999 in response to a call from Congressman Alan Mollohan, who had a strong interest in this subject. A consortium was put together which included the Polymer Alliance Zone (PAZ) of West Virginia, West Virginia University (WVU), DN American and Ecolibrium. The consortium developed a set of objectives and task plans, which included both the research issues of setting up facilities to demanufacture End-of-Life Electronics (EoLE), the economics of the demanufacturing process, and the infrastructure development necessary for a sustainable recycling industry to be established in West Virginia. This report discusses the work of the MARCEE Project Consortium from November 1999 through March 2005. While the body of the report is distributed in hard-copy form the Appendices are being distributed on CD's.
Carl Irwin; Rakesh Gupta; Richard Turton; GangaRao Hota; Cyril Logar; Tom Ponzurick; Buddy Graham; Walter Alcorn; Jeff Tucker
A Ceramic membrane to Recycle Caustic
A A Ceramic Membrane to Recycle Caustic in Low-Activity Waste Stream Processing The Office of Waste Processing is sponsoring an R&D project with Ceramatec, Inc. to develop a ceramic membrane capable of separating sodium from the Hanford Low Activity Waste (LAW) stream. The Hanford High-Level Waste (HLW) tanks must be maintained in a caustic environment to inhibit corrosion. Consequently, they contain large quantities of NaOH. Ultimately the HLW will be retrieved, separated into HLW and LAW streams, with both streams being vitrified at the Waste Treatment Plant (WTP). Prior to processing, additional NaOH will be added to the LAW stream to solubilize the alumina, preventing alumina precipitation, but further increasing the NaOH quantity. This project's goal is to separate the sodium from the LAW stream prior to vitrification which will allow the NaOH to be recycled and further
Recovery of recyclable materials from shredder residue
Each year, about 11 million tons of metals (ferrous and nonferrous) are recovered in the US from about 10 million discarded automobiles. The recovered metals account for about 75% of the total weight of the discarded vehicles. The balance of the material or shredder residue, which amounts to about 3 million tons annually, is currently landfilled. The residue contains a diversity of potentially recyclable materials, including polyurethane foams, iron oxides, and certain thermoplastics. This paper discusses a process under development at Argonne National Laboratory to separate and recover the recyclable materials from this waste stream. The process consists essentially of two-stages. First, a physical separation is used to recover the foams and the metal oxides, followed by a chemical process to extract certain thermoplastics. Status of the technology is discussed and process economics reviewed.
Jody, B.J.; Daniels, E.J.; Bonsignore, P.V.; Brockmeier, N.F.
Help Center
Los Alamos National Laboratory Advanced Simulation and Computing Los Alamos National Laboratory Advanced Simulation and Computing Menu Events Partnerships Help Center Events Partnerships Help Center Videos Advanced Simulation and Computing Program » Help Center Computing Help Center Help hotlines, hours of operation, training, technical assistance, general information Los Alamos National Laboratory Hours: Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. - noon, 1:00-5:00 p.m. Mountain time Telephone: (505) 665-4444 option 3 Fax: (505) 665-6333 E-mail: email@example.com 24 hours a day, 7 days a week Operations (to report a system or network problem: (505) 667-2919 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Hours: Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. - noon, 1:00-4:45 p.m. Pacific time High Performance Hotline (technical consulting) Telephone: (925) 422-4532
Recycling of Advanced Batteries for Electric Vehicles
The pace of development and fielding of electric vehicles is briefly described and the principal advanced battery chemistries expected to be used in the EV application are identified as Ni/MH in the near term and Li-ion/Li-polymer in the intermediate to long term. The status of recycling process development is reviewed for each of the two chemistries and future research needs are discussed.
Absorptive Recycle of Distillation Waste Heat
When the heat source available to a distillation process is at a significantly higher temperature than the reboiler temperature, there is unused availability (ability to perform work) in the heat supplied to the reboiler. Similarly, if the reflux condenser operates above ambient temperature, the rejected heat also contains unused availability. By incorporating an absorption heat pump (AHP) into the distillation process, these sources of unused availability can be tapped so as to recycle (and hence, conserve) up to 50% of the required distillation energy. In contrast to compressor driven heat pumps, this savings is accomplished without need for a separate substantial input of mechanical power. A different AHP configuration is used depending on whether the excess availability is in the source heat or reject heat. In the excessive source temperature case, the higher temperature source heat is applied to the AHP, which then supplies the total reboiler requirement and recycles half the reject heat, with the remainder being rejected conventionally. In the excessive reject temperature case, all the reject heat is supplied to a reverse absorption heat pump (HAHP) which recycles half to reboiler temperature while reducing the remainder to ambient temperature.
Erickson, D. C.; Lutz, E. J., Jr.
Recycling General Session - Programmaster.org
Designing a Collaborative System for Socio-Environmental Management of ... Oils Post-Consumption Residential and Commercial Clay with Two Brazilian.
Increased Recycled Aluminum Content during Remelting by ...
NETL: IEP - Post-Combustion CO2 Emissions Control - National...
IEP Post-Combustion CO2 Emissions Control National Carbon Capture Center at the Power Systems Development Facility Project No.: DE-FC26-08NT0000749 (active), DE-FC21-90MC25140...
Loveland Water and Power - Refrigerator Recycling Program | Department of
Refrigerator Recycling Program Refrigerator Recycling Program Loveland Water and Power - Refrigerator Recycling Program < Back Eligibility Residential Savings Category Appliances & Electronics Maximum Rebate Limit one rebate per account per year Program Info State Colorado Program Type Utility Rebate Program Rebate Amount Refrigerator and Freezer Recycling: $35 Loveland Water and Power is providing an incentive for its customers to recycle their old refrigerators. Interested customers can call the utility to arrange a time to pick up the old refrigerator. The old refrigerator should be brought outside but remain plugged in so the utility can make it is in working condition. the utility will then take the refrigerator to a recycling facility and issue a $35 bill credit. Other Information
Charlotte Green Supply Chain: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle | Department of Energy
Charlotte Green Supply Chain: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Charlotte Green Supply Chain: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Charlotte Green Supply Chain: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle July 30, 2010 - 10:59am Addthis Andy Oare Andy Oare Former New Media Strategist, Office of Public Affairs Three years ago at Sacred Heart grade school in Norfolk, Neb., efforts to recycle were grim. "When I got here, we had no paper recycling program," says Troy Berryman, who is entering his sixth year as principal at Sacred Heart. "A couple years prior, we had a guy park a semi-truck in the parking lot for people to recycle paper." But Berryman says this system did not work out well, as the truck was often locked and papers would be left to blow around in the wind or get wet with rain. Knowing that something must be done, he began to look into the local
Recycling Energy Yields Super Savings | Department of Energy
Recycling Energy Yields Super Savings Recycling Energy Yields Super Savings Recycling Energy Yields Super Savings April 23, 2010 - 4:34pm Addthis Joshua DeLung Recycling has been part of going green for a long time, but one company is going a step further by actually recycling energy that has already been used to power manufacturing plants. How do they do it? Recycled Energy Development implements proven technologies that help capture wasted heat and increase their energy efficiency. Dick Munson, senior vice president for public affairs at RED, says facilities that undertake such projects are generally able to cut their energy expenses by up to 20 percent. West Virginia Alloys, in Alloy, W.Va., is a silicon manufacturing plant that makes materials that end up in products such as solar cells and computer chips. In 2013, with help from
Validation of the RESRAD-RECYCLE computer code.
The RESRAD-RECYCLE computer code was developed by Argonne National Laboratory under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy. It was designed to analyze potential radiation exposures resulting from the reuse and recycling of radioactively contaminated scrap metal and equipment. It was one of two codes selected in an international model validation study concerning recycling of radioactively contaminated metals. In the validation study, dose measurements at various stages of melting a spent nuclear fuel rack at Studsvik RadWaste AB, Sweden, were collected and compared with modeling results. The comparison shows that the RESRAD-RECYCLE results agree fairly well with the measurement data. Among the scenarios considered, dose results and measurement data agree within a factor of 6. Discrepancies may be explained by the geometrical limitation of the RESRAD-RECYCLE's external exposure model, the dynamic nature of the recycling activities, and inaccuracy in the input parameter values used in dose calculations.
Cheng, J.-J.; Yu, C.; Williams, W. A.; Murphie, W.
The Energy Impact of Industrial Recycling and Waste Exchange
Recycling and waste exchange, particularly in the industrial sector, has a substantial positive energy impact and one that can often be accomplished at little or no expense. Recycling saves energy because the secondary materials being recycled are "pre-processed", and this requires less manufacturing operations than creating products from virgin materials. Process energy reduction possible by recycling is estimated to be as high is 95% for aluminum and 88% for plastics. Industrial waste exchange is facilitated by having an independent agency to publicize and coordinate materials availability and exchange. The North Carolina Energy Division is a co-sponsor of one such agency, the Southeast Waste Exchange in Charlotte, and has funded workshops on the recycling-energy connection and waste minimization. Although the paper, plastic and glass familiar to residential recyclers are also exchanged at the industrial level, in addition, industrial waste exchange deals extensively with solvents, oils, acids and alkalis and other specialty substances.
Phillips, W. C.
Center Resources
Resources for Planning Center Activities Resources for Planning Center Activities       QuarkNet at Work - Resources Home QuarkNet is a teacher professional development effort funded by the National Science Foundation and the US Department of Energy. Teachers work on particle physics experiments during a summer and join a cadre of scientists and teachers working to introduce some aspects of their research into their classrooms. This allows tomorrow's particle physicists to peek over the shoulder of today's experimenters. These resources are available for lead teachers and mentors at Quartnet Centers as they design activities for associate teacher workshops and follow-on activities. Important Findings from Previous Years Mentor Tips Associate Teacher Institute Toolkit
Role of Recycling in the Life Cycle of Batteries
ROLE OF RECYCLING IN THE LIFE CYCLE OF BATTERIES ROLE OF RECYCLING IN THE LIFE CYCLE OF BATTERIES J.L. Sullivan, L. Gaines, and A. Burnham Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division Keywords: battery, materials, recycling, energy Abstract Over the last few decades, rechargeable battery production has increased substantially. Applications including phones, computers, power tools, power storage, and electric-drive vehicles are either commonplace or will be in the next decade or so. Because advanced rechargeable batteries, like those
Strategies for recycling CdTe photovoltaic modules
Recycling end-of-life cadmium telluride (CdTe) photovoltaic (PV) modules may enhance the competitive advantage of CdTe PV in the marketplace, but the experiences of industries with comparable Environmental, Health and Safety (EH&S) challenges suggest that collection and recycling costs can impose significant economic burdens. Customer cooperation and pending changes to US Federal law may improve recycling economics.
Eberspacher, C.; Gay, C.F. [UNISUN, Newbury Park, CA. (United States); Moskowitz, P.D. [Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)
Selective Catalytic Reduction Catalyst Recycle and Re-Use Options
Given the widespread implementation of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology, there is a great deal of interest in finding viable recycle/re-use routes for spent catalyst as an alternative to landfilling. The current effort has focused on detailed evaluation of several recycle/re-use processes that were identified in previous EPRI studies. These recycle/re-use technologies include mineral filler applications, incorporation into wet-bottom boiler slag, cement kiln co-processing, and use in iron/s...
Cyber Caf�. Moscone West Convention. Center. Lobby. General Poster Session. Moscone West Convention. Center. Exhibit Hall. Employment Referral. Center.
Solid-State Lighting: Postings
Solid-State Lighting: Postings on Twitter Bookmark Solid-State Lighting: Postings on Google Bookmark Solid-State Lighting: Postings on Delicious Rank Solid-State Lighting:...
A Goldilocks Catalyst: Nanocluster 'just right' for Recycling...
Goldilocks Catalyst A Goldilocks Catalyst Nanocluster 'just right' for recycling carbon dioxide February 21, 2011 | Tags: Chemistry, Energy Technologies, Franklin Contact: John...
Microbial Fuel Cells for Recycle of Process Water from ...
Large amounts of water are used in the processing of cellulosic biomass materials, so it is highly desirable to recycle used process water at the end ...
Production, Refining and Recycling of Rare Earth Metals
This symposium is targeting on overview of the current state of the art for production, refining and recycling of the rare earth metals. In addition the symposium is�...
Production, Recovery and Recycling of Rare Earth Metals
This symposium is targeting on overview of the current state of the art for production, recovery and recycling of the rare earth. In addition the symposium is �...
Decentralized Decision-making and Protocol Design for Recycled ...
Nov 14, 2006 ... Optimization Online. Decentralized Decision-making and Protocol Design for Recycled Material Flows. I-Hsuan Hong (ihong ***at***�...
Orange and Rockland Utilities (Electric)- Residential Appliance Recycling Program
Orange and Rockland Utilities provides rebates for residential customers for recycling older, inefficient refrigerators and freezers. All appliances must meet the program requirements listed on the...
Section 7.2 Operational Waste Reduction and Recycling: Greening...
organizations for reuse or can be recycled, depending on its age and quality. Compost: Organic matter generated from food services and landscaping operations should be...
LIGHT METALS 2007 Volume 6: The Material Recycling Industry
Environmental Management of Airborne Metal Emissions in the Recycling Industry [pp. 1173-1190] Karen Hagelstein and John E Heinze. Improved UBC Melting�...
ISASMELT� for Recycling of Valuable Elements Contributing to a ...
Metals recycling is essential if we are to build a more sustainable society. ISASMELT� Top Submerged Lance (TSL) technology can enable plant operators to�...
Development of Efficient Recycling System for Steel Alloying ...
ISASMELT� for Recycling of Valuable Elements Contributing to a More Sustainable Society � Leaching of Uranium and Vanadium from Korean Domestic Ore.
PGM Recycling from Catalysts in a Closed Hydrometallurgical Loop ...
European Recycling Platform � Experiences from a New Venture
Materialization of Manganese by Selective Precipitation from Used Battery � Materials ... The Challenge of Allocation in LCA: The Case of Open-Loop Recycling.
Promotion of Recycling Business by Combination of a Pre ...
... friendly system for recycling valuable metals in the waste which used to be sent to a landfill. ... Waste Heat Recovery from Industrial Smelting Exhaust Gas�...
Lithium-Ion Batteries: Examining Material Demand and Recycling...
ISSUES Linda Gaines and Paul Nelson Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL Keywords: battery materials, lithium, recycling Abstract Use of vehicles with electric drive, which...
China Recycling Energy Corp CREG | Open Energy Information
Energy Corp CREG Jump to: navigation, search Name China Recycling Energy Corp (CREG) Place Reno, Nevada Zip 89511 Product A US-incorporated company that develops recovered energy...
2011 Vittorio de Nora Award Winner: Recycling of Contaminated ...
Removal of contaminants such as the coat and organic materials- applied for protection and appearance- are the tail that wags the recycling dog. Successful�...
Discussions@TMS - What are the recycling trends between urban ...
Oct 4, 2007 ... Topic Title: What are the recycling trends between urban and rural areas and are there any specific infrastructure needs? Topic Summary:�...
REWAS 2008: Global Symposium on Recycling, Waste Treatment ...
Oct 20, 2008 ... REWAS 2008: Global Symposium on Recycling, Waste Treatment and ... on the Recovery of Materials and Energy for Resource Efficiency.
Renewable and Recycled Energy Objective (North Dakota) | Open...
There are special conditions regarding RECs associated with hydropower facilities. Electricity generation applied to the renewable energy and recycled energy objective, as well...
Waste Home Appliances Recycling in Some European and ... - TMS
May 1, 2007 ... The recycling of waste home appliances has been an eminent issue globally. In European Communities, the directive on waste electrical and�...
Integrated Safety Analysis: Why It Is Appropriate for Fuel Recycling...
by industry for recycling facilities 2 , is a systematic analysis to identify facility and external hazards and their potential for initiating accident sequences, the...
Mechanical Recycling of Electronic Wastes for Materials Recovery
Leaching Toxicity of Pb and Ba Containing in Cathode Ray Tube Glasses by SEP -TCLP � Mechanical Recycling of Electronic Wastes for Materials Recovery.
Prospective Scenario of E-Waste Recycling in India
Willingness to Recycle Electronic Waste: Results from a National ...
WEEE: Obsolete Mobile Phones Characterization Aiming at Recycling
SOUTHVIEWDR Center for Applied
/Geology Chemistry Biological Sciences Geology Lab Bookstore Reed Milledge Payne Memorial Hall SANFORD DR Center CAES Activity Center Visitors Center (Four Towers) Greenhouses Center for Applied Isotope Study
Hall, Daniel
Wastewater reuse and recycle in petroleum refineries
The objectives of this study were to identify feasible reuse and recycle techniques that can be successful in reducing wastewater discharge and to estimate their associated costs. Wastewater reduction is a fundamental aspect of the US EPA's proposed regulations for the petroleum refining industry. EPA undertook this study to confirm the cost estimates used in the proposed guidelines, to identify specific technologies, and to accurately assess their costs. Fifteen refineries were chosen to represent the range of refinery characteristics including crude capacity, process employed, and wastewater generation. Significant wastewater reductions were found possible at 12 refineries studied.
Langer, B.S.
Analysis of the cost of recycling compliance for the automobile industry
Cars are one of the most recycled commercial products. Currently, approximately 75% of the total vehicle weight is recycled. The EU directives on End-of-life vehicles try to push the recycling process further: it fixed the ...
Dantec, Delphine
�Enhancing the Value Proposition Through Metals Recycling�
Sep 28, 2006 ... Center for Resilience, The Ohio State University ... Ph.D. is president and CEO of Secat Inc. and holds positions at the University of Kentucky.
Post Competition Accountability Report
LM has completed its first annual Post Competition Accountability Report - Office of Legacy Management's High Performing Organization: Fiscal Year (FY)�2012
Recent trends in automobile recycling: An energy and economic assessment
Recent and anticipated trends in the material composition of domestic and imported automobiles and the increasing cost of landfilling the non-recyclable portion of automobiles (automobile shredder residue or ASR) pose questions about the future of automobile recycling. This report documents the findings of a study sponsored by the US Department of Energy`s Office of Environmental Analysis to examine the impacts of these and other relevant trends on the life-cycle energy consumption of automobiles and on the economic viability of the domestic automobile recycling industry. More specifically, the study (1) reviewed the status of the automobile recycling industry in the United States, including the current technologies used to process scrapped automobiles and the challenges facing the automobile recycling industry; (2) examined the current status and future trends of automobile recycling in Europe and Japan, with the objectives of identifying ``lessons learned`` and pinpointing differences between those areas and the United States; (3) developed estimates of the energy system impacts of the recycling status quo and projections of the probable energy impacts of alternative technical and institutional approaches to recycling; and (4) identified the key policy questions that will determine the future economic viability of automobile shredder facilities in the United States.
Curlee, T.R.; Das, S.; Rizy, C.G. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Schexanyder, S.M. [Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Biochemistry
Quality Improvement of Recycled Plastic Products Using Mixture Experiment
Recycling plastic has several advantages such as reducing consumption of energy, non-renewable fossil fuels use, and global emissions of carbon dioxide. In this study, the manufacturer would like to improve product quality and decrease cost of the products ... Keywords: recycled plastics, plastic properties, quality, mixture experiment, response surface methodology
Charnnarong Saikaew; Panita Sripaya
Progress in Recycling of Retired Cadmium-Telluride Photovoltaic Modules
Progress in Recycling of Retired Cadmium- Telluride Photovoltaic Modules Postdoctoral: Wenming Wang-Talk Program July 21, 2005 #12;Recycling Retired Photovoltaic Modules to Valuable Products, Where Are We, ppm Cu, ppm Column I Column II H2SO4 Tank CdSO4 Electrolytic Cell Cadmium Metal Cd Solution H2SO4
Catalytic coal liquefaction with treated solvent and SRC recycle
A process for the solvent refining of coal to distillable, pentane soluble products using a dephenolated and denitrogenated recycle solvent and a recycled, pentane-insoluble, solvent-refined coal material, which process provides enhanced oil-make in the conversion of coal.
Garg, Diwakar (Macungie, PA); Givens, Edwin N. (Bethlehem, PA); Schweighardt, Frank K. (Allentown, PA)
A process is described for the solvent refining of coal to distillable, pentane soluble products using a dephenolated and denitrogenated recycle solvent and a recycled, pentane-insoluble, solvent-refined coal material, which process provides enhanced oil-make in the conversion of coal. 2 figs.
Garg, D.; Givens, E.N.; Schweighardt, F.K.
Greenhouse gas emissions, waste and recycling policy Kaylee Acuff
Greenhouse gas emissions, waste and recycling policy Kaylee Acuff and Daniel T. Kaffine We firstname.lastname@example.com.) 1 #12;Greenhouse gas emissions, waste and recycling policy Abstract This paper examines least-cost policies for waste reduction, incorporating upstream greenhouse gas externalities associated
Recycling and Disposal of Spent Selective Catalytic Reduction Catalyst
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology has become widespread within the utility industry as a means of controlling emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The technology uses a solid catalyst that deactivates over time; and thus significant volumes of catalyst will need regeneration, recycle, or disposal. This study examined issues related to spent catalyst recycle and disposal.
Magnetic Divertor for Low Plasma Recycling in Tokamaks Ernesto Mazzucato |
Magnetic Divertor for Low Plasma Recycling in Tokamaks Ernesto Mazzucato Magnetic Divertor for Low Plasma Recycling in Tokamaks Ernesto Mazzucato Existing experiments indicate that low recycling of exhausted particles can improve the energy confinement in tokamaks, very likely by preventing the cooling of the plasma edge and thereby causing a reduction in the level of plasma turbulence. This can reduce the size of a tokamak fusion reactor, making the latter a more viable source of energy. The necessary conditions for low recycling can be achieved with the use of a new magnetic divertor, where the exhausted particles are injected through a narrow aperture into a large chamber. Exhausting the particles into a large chamber prevents their return to the plasma, resulting in a reduction in plasma recycling to a level where existing experiments have shown a large enhancement in plasma
EA-1919: Recycle of Scrap Metals Originating from Radiological Areas |
EA-1919: Recycle of Scrap Metals Originating from Radiological EA-1919: Recycle of Scrap Metals Originating from Radiological Areas EA-1919: Recycle of Scrap Metals Originating from Radiological Areas Summary This Programmatic EA evaluates alternatives for the management of scrap metal originating from DOE radiological control areas, including the proposed action to allow for the recycle of uncontaminated scrap metal that meets the requirements of DOE Order 458.1. (Metals with volumetric radioactive contamination are not included in the scope of this Programmatic EA.) PUBLIC COMMENT OPPORTUNITIES None available at this time. DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD December 28, 2012 EA-1919: Notice of Public Comment Period Extension Recycling of Scrap Metals Originating from Radiological Areas December 12, 2012 EA-1919: Notice of Availability of a Draft Programmatic Environmental
Potential GTCC LLW sealed radiation source recycle initiatives
This report suggests 11 actions that have the potential to facilitate the recycling (reuse or radionuclide) of surplus commercial sealed radiation sources that would otherwise be disposed of as greater-than-Class C low-level radioactive waste. The suggestions serve as a basis for further investigation and discussion between the Department of Energy, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Agreement States, and the commercial sector. Information is also given that describes sealed sources, how they are used, and problems associated with recycling, including legal concerns. To illustrate the nationwide recycling potential, Appendix A gives the estimated quantity and application information for sealed sources that would qualify for disposal in commercial facilities if not recycle. The report recommends that the Department of Energy initiate the organization of a forum to explore the suggested actions and other recycling possibilities.
Fischer, D.
Safeguards and nonproliferation aspects of a dry fuel recycling technology
Los Alamos National Laboratory undertook an independent assessment of the proliferation potentials and safeguardability of a dry fuel recycling technology, whereby spent pressurized-water reactor (PWR) fuels are used to fuel canadian deuterium uranium (CANDU) reactors. Objectives of this study included (1) the evaluation of presently available technologies that may be useful to safeguard technology options for dry fuel recycling (2) and identification of near-term and long-term research needs to develop process-specific safeguards requirements. The primary conclusion of this assessment is that like all other fuel cycle alternatives proposed in the past, the dry fuel recycle entails prolfferation risks and that there are no absolute technical fixes to eliminate such risks. This study further concludes that the proliferation risks of dry fuel recycling options are relatively minimal and presently known safeguards systems and technologies can be modified and/or adapted to meet the requirements of safeguarding such fuel recycle facilities.
Pillay, K.K.S.
Major issues associated with DOE commercial recycling initiatives
Major initiatives are underway within DOE to recycle large volumes of scrap material generated during cleanup of the DOE Weapons Complex. These recycling initiatives are driven not only by the desire to conserve natural resources, but also by the recognition that shallow level burial is not a politically acceptable option. The Fernald facility is in the vanguard of a number of major DOE recycling efforts. These early efforts have brought issues to light that can have a major impact on the ability of Fernald and other major DOE sites to expand recycling efforts in the future. Some of these issues are; secondary waste deposition, title to material and radioactive contaminants, mixed waste generated during recycling, special nuclear material possession limits, cost benefit, transportation of waste to processing facilities, release criteria, and uses for beneficially reused products.
Motl, G.P.; Burns, D.D. [Fernald Environmental Restoration Management Corp., Cincinnati, OH (United States); Rast, D.M. [USDOE Fernald Field Office, OH (United States)
Treatment or Recycling End-Of-Life (H)EV Battery Packs
About this Abstract. Meeting, 2011 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition. Symposium , Battery Recycling. Presentation Title, Treatment or Recycling End-Of-Life�...
FSC-Watch: FSC undermines paper recycling, contributes to global warming FSC undermines paper recycling, contributes to global
's Pine Falls operations has helped destroy production of recycled paper. Manitoba is now left with a huge pile of collected paper, which can either be burned or landfilled, or shipped to more distant recycling facilities, all of which will increase greenhouse gas emissions. The pulp and paper industry is one
Reclamation of automotive batteries: Assessment of health impacts and recycling technology. Task 1: Assessment of recycling technology. Final report
Approximately ten different candidate EV battery technologies were examined based on their performance and recyclability, and were ranked based on these examinations. The batteries evaluated were lead-acid (all types), nickel-cadmium, nickel-iron, nickel-metal hydride, sodium-sulfur, sodium-nickel chloride, lithium-iron disulfide, lithium-ion, lithium polymer, and zinc (zinc-air and zinc-bromine). Locations of present recycling facilities were identified. Markets for recycled products were assessed: the value of recycled materials were found too unstable to fully support recycling efforts. All these batteries exhibit the characteristic of hazardous waste in California, and are therefore subject to strict regulations (finalization of the new EPA Universal Waste Rule could change this).
Unnasch, S.; Montano, M.; Franklin, P.; Nowell, G.; Martin, C.
Recycling technologies and market opportunities: Proceedings
These proceedings are the result of our collective effort to meet that challenge. They reflect the dedication and commitment of many people in government, academia, the private sector and national laboratories to finding practical solutions to one of the most pressing problems of our time -- how to deal effectively with the growing waste s that is the product of our affluent industrial society. The Conference was successful in providing a clear picture of the scope of the problem and of the great potential that recycling holds for enhancing economic development while at the same time, having a significant positive impact on the waste management problem. That success was due in large measure to the enthusiastic response of our panelists to our invitation to participate and share their expertise with us.
Goland, A.N.; Petrakis, L. [eds.
CO2 Sequestration and Recycle by Photosynthesis
Visible light-photocatalysis could provide a cost-effective route to recycle CO2 to useful chemicals or fuels. Research is planned to study the reactivity of adsorbates, their role in the photosynthesis reaction, and their relation to the nature of surface sites during photosynthesis of methanol and hydrocarbons from CO{sub 2}/H{sub 2}O. The year two research focus catalyst screening and IR studies. Key research results show Pd/TiO2 exhibits the highest activity for hydrocarbon synthesis from photocatalytic reactions. The in situ IR could successfully monitor the adsorbate hydrocarbon species on Cu/TiO2. Year III research will focus on developing a better understanding of the key factors which control the catalyst activity.
Steven S.C. Chuang
Beneficial reuse `96: The fourth annual conference on the recycle and reuse of radioactive scrap metal
From October 22-24, 1996 the University of Tennessee`s Energy, Environment and Resources Center and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory`s Center for Risk Management cosponsored Beneficial Reuse `96: The Fourth Annual Conference on the Recycle and Reuse of Radioactive Materials. Along with the traditional focus on radioactive scrap metals, this year`s conference included a wide range of topics pertaining to naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM), and contaminated concrete reuse applications. As with previous Beneficial Reuse conferences, the primary goal of this year`s conference was to bring together stakeholder representatives for presentations, panel sessions and workshops on significant waste minimization issues surrounding the recycle and reuse of contaminated metals and other materials. A wide range of industry, government and public stakeholder groups participated in this year`s conference. An international presence from Canada, Germany and Korea helped to make Beneficial Reuse `96 a well-rounded affair. Selected papers have been processed separately for inclusion in the Energy Science and Technology Database.
Energy Return on Investment - Fuel Recycle
This report provides a methodology and requisite data to assess the potential Energy Return On Investment (EROI) for nuclear fuel cycle alternatives, and applies that methodology to a limited set of used fuel recycle scenarios. This paper is based on a study by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and a parallel evaluation by AREVA Federal Services LLC, both of which were sponsored by the DOE Fuel Cycle Technologies (FCT) Program. The focus of the LLNL effort was to develop a methodology that can be used by the FCT program for such analysis that is consistent with the broader energy modeling community, and the focus of the AREVA effort was to bring industrial experience and operational data into the analysis. This cooperative effort successfully combined expertise from the energy modeling community with expertise from the nuclear industry. Energy Return on Investment is one of many figures of merit on which investment in a new energy facility or process may be judged. EROI is the ratio of the energy delivered by a facility divided by the energy used to construct, operate and decommission that facility. While EROI is not the only criterion used to make an investment decision, it has been shown that, in technologically advanced societies, energy supplies must exceed a minimum EROI. Furthermore, technological history shows a trend towards higher EROI energy supplies. EROI calculations have been performed for many components of energy technology: oil wells, wind turbines, photovoltaic modules, biofuels, and nuclear reactors. This report represents the first standalone EROI analysis of nuclear fuel reprocessing (or recycling) facilities.
Halsey, W; Simon, A J; Fratoni, M; Smith, C; Schwab, P; Murray, P
This paper describes model approaches to designing an institutional infrastructure for the recycling of decommissioned photovoltaic modules; more detailed discussion of the information presented in this paper is contained in Reaven et al., (1996)[1]. The alternative approaches are based on experiences in other industries, with other products and materials. In the aluminum, scrap iron, and container glass industries, where recycling is a long-standing, even venerable practice, predominantly private, fully articulated institutional infrastructures exist. Nevertheless, even in these industries, arrangements are constantly evolving in response to regulatory changes, competition, and new technological developments. Institutional infrastructures are less settled for younger large- scale recycling industries that target components of the municipal solid waste (MSW) stream, such as cardboard and newspaper, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastics, and textiles. In these industries the economics, markets, and technologies are rapidly changing. Finally, many other industries are developing projects to ensure that their products are recycled (and recyclable) e.g., computers, non-automotive batteries, communications equipment, motor and lubrication oil and oil filters, fluorescent lighting fixtures, automotive plastics and shredder residues, and bulk industrial chemical wastes. The lack of an an adequate recycling infrastructure, attractive end-markets, and clear the economic incentives, can be formidable impediments to a self- sustaining recycling system.
Moscowitz, P.D.; Reaven, J.; Fthenakis, V.M.
Outlook for recycling large and small batteries in the future
Although there are many kinds and varieties of batteries, batteries can be subdivided into two basic types, large lead-acid batteries and small disposable batteries. Small cells contain different metals depending upon the configuration. These materials include iron, zinc, nickel, cadmium, manganese, mercury, silver, and potassium. Recycling these materials is not economically attractive. Most small batteries are thrown away and constitute a small fraction of municipal solid waste (perhaps 1/10%). There is no effective energy savings or economic incentive for recycling and, with the exception of Ni-Cad batteries, no significant environmental incentive. Any recycle scheme would require a significant reward (probably financial) to the consumer for returning the scrap battery. Without a reward, recovery is unlikely. Large batteries of the lead-acid type are composed of lead, acid, and plastic. There is an established recycle mechanism for lead-acid batteries which works quite well. The regulations written under the Hazardous and Solid Waste Disposal Amendments (1985) favor more recycling efforts by scrap metal operators. The reason for this is that recycled batteries are exempt from EPA regulation. If batteries are not recycled, any generator disposing of 6 or more batteries per month is required to have a special EPA license or premit. Currently, working against this incentive is a decreasing demand and low market price for lead which affects waste battery salvage.
Dodds, J.; Goldsberry, J.
Center Research
5 5 Center Research ... Supports Electric Utility Restructuring Winds of change in the U.S. power sector: factors listed in the left column have created a gap between the prices utilities must charge to recover their embedded costs and the lower rates they would have to charge in a competitive environment. Possible responses to these pressures are listed to the right. The electricity industry in the U.S. is being dramatically restructured by state regulatory commissions and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Efforts are underway to create a wholesale market for electricity, with wholesale prices to distributing utility companies no longer being regulated. Discussions in several states and at the FERC are aimed at revising the regulation of the structure, operation, and pricing of the
LEASE AGREEMENT NO. DE-AC04-89-AL42 1 10 LEASE AGREEMENT NO. DE-AC04-89-AL42 1 10 KILLGORE CENTER AMENDMENT NO. 6 Lease Agreement No. DE-AC04-89-AL-42110, between the U.S. Department of Energy and Texas Tech University, dated October 1, 1989, as amended (amendments one, two, three, four, and five), is hereby further amended as follows: Article I1 of the base lease entitled, "TERM AND RENT," paragraph A., is hereby deleted and revised to read: A. The term of this Lease is extended for five years beginning October 1, 2009, and ending September 30, 2014. The annual rental for this term shall be as indicated in the following rate schedule determined as follows: 1. Approximately 6,680 square feet of office space. $ 58,280.00 2. Approximately 380 square feet of space in the foyer. $ 3,314.00
Direction of CRT waste glass processing: Electronics recycling industry communication
Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Given a large flow rate of CRT glass {approx}10% of the panel glass stream will be leaded. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The supply of CRT waste glass exceeded demand in 2009. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Recyclers should use UV-light to detect lead oxide during the separation process. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Recycling market analysis techniques and results are given for CRT glass. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Academic initiatives and the necessary expansion of novel product markets are discussed. - Abstract: Cathode Ray Tube, CRT, waste glass recycling has plagued glass manufacturers, electronics recyclers and electronics waste policy makers for decades because the total supply of waste glass exceeds demand, and the formulations of CRT glass are ill suited for most reuse options. The solutions are to separate the undesirable components (e.g. lead oxide) in the waste and create demand for new products. Achieving this is no simple feat, however, as there are many obstacles: limited knowledge of waste glass composition; limited automation in the recycling process; transportation of recycled material; and a weak and underdeveloped market. Thus one of the main goals of this paper is to advise electronic glass recyclers on how to best manage a diverse supply of glass waste and successfully market to end users. Further, this paper offers future directions for academic and industry research. To develop the recommendations offered here, a combination of approaches were used: (1) a thorough study of historic trends in CRT glass chemistry; (2) bulk glass collection and analysis of cullet from a large-scale glass recycler; (3) conversations with industry members and a review of potential applications; and (4) evaluation of the economic viability of specific uses for recycled CRT glass. If academia and industry can solve these problems (for example by creating a database of composition organized by manufacturer and glass source) then the reuse of CRT glass can be increased.
Mueller, Julia R., E-mail: email@example.com [Ohio State University, William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, OH (United States) and University of Queensland, School of Chemical Engineering (Australia) and Ohio State University, Materials Science and Engineering, OH (United States); Boehm, Michael W. [University of Queensland, School of Chemical Engineering (Australia); Drummond, Charles [Ohio State University, Materials Science and Engineering, OH (United States)
ARM - External Data Center
govExternal Data Center External Data Center Order Data Description of External Data Streams Data Viewers and Plots (selected data sets) XDC Documentation External Data Center The...
CEBAF Center - Cavity Display
CEBAF Center - Cavity Display Building Exterior 1st Floor Cafeteria Cavity Display CEBAF Center Auditorium Eating Area UserInternational Liaison Office 2nd Floor Computer Center...
Municipal Waste Planning, Recycling and Waste Reduction Act (Pennsylvania)
Waste Planning, Recycling and Waste Reduction Act (Pennsylvania) Waste Planning, Recycling and Waste Reduction Act (Pennsylvania) No revision has been approved for this page. It is currently under review by our subject matter experts. Jump to: navigation, search Last modified on February 13, 2013. EZFeed Policy Place Pennsylvania Name Municipal Waste Planning, Recycling and Waste Reduction Act (Pennsylvania) Policy Category Other Policy Policy Type Environmental Regulations Affected Technologies Biomass/Biogas, Coal with CCS, Concentrating Solar Power, Energy Storage, Fuel Cells, Geothermal Electric, Hydroelectric, Hydroelectric (Small), Natural Gas, Nuclear, Solar Photovoltaics, Wind energy Active Policy Yes Implementing Sector State/Province Program Administrator Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
Municipal Waste Planning, Recycling and Waste Reduction Act Municipal Waste Planning, Recycling and Waste Reduction Act (Pennsylvania) Municipal Waste Planning, Recycling and Waste Reduction Act (Pennsylvania) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Construction Fed. Government Fuel Distributor General Public/Consumer Industrial Installer/Contractor Institutional Investor-Owned Utility Local Government Low-Income Residential Multi-Family Residential Municipal/Public Utility Nonprofit Residential Retail Supplier Rural Electric Cooperative Schools State/Provincial Govt Systems Integrator Transportation Tribal Government Utility Savings Category Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Buying & Making Electricity Water Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Pennsylvania Program Type Environmental Regulations
Alabama Land Recycling And Economic Redevelopment Act (Alabama) |
Land Recycling And Economic Redevelopment Act (Alabama) Land Recycling And Economic Redevelopment Act (Alabama) Alabama Land Recycling And Economic Redevelopment Act (Alabama) < Back Eligibility Commercial Construction Developer Industrial Savings Category Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Buying & Making Electricity Water Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Alabama Program Type Environmental Regulations Provider Department of Environmental Management This article establishes a program, to be implemented, maintained, and administered by the Alabama Department of Environmental Management, to encourage the voluntary cleanup and the reuse and redevelopment of environmentally contaminated properties. The article states criteria for applicant participation and property qualification in the voluntary cleanup
Iowa Land Recycling and Environmental Remediation Standards Act (Iowa) |
Iowa Land Recycling and Environmental Remediation Standards Act Iowa Land Recycling and Environmental Remediation Standards Act (Iowa) Iowa Land Recycling and Environmental Remediation Standards Act (Iowa) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Construction Fed. Government Fuel Distributor General Public/Consumer Industrial Installer/Contractor Institutional Investor-Owned Utility Local Government Low-Income Residential Multi-Family Residential Municipal/Public Utility Nonprofit Residential Retail Supplier Rural Electric Cooperative Schools State/Provincial Govt Systems Integrator Transportation Tribal Government Utility Savings Category Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Buying & Making Electricity Water Home Weatherization Solar Wind Program Info State Iowa Program Type Environmental Regulations Provider Iowa Department of Natural Resources
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuels Tax
Fuels Tax Fuels Tax to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuels Tax on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuels Tax on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuels Tax on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuels Tax on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuels Tax on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuels Tax on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search All Laws & Incentives Sorted by Type Alternative Fuels Tax Alternative fuels used to propel vehicles of any kind on public highways are taxed at a rate determined on a gasoline gallon equivalent basis. The tax rates are posted in the Pennsylvania Bulletin. (Reference Title 75
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Aluminum: The ...
Jun 30, 2008 ... A complete review of today's successful automotive aluminum recycling infrastructure. Shows a car's journey through the entire recycling�...
ETL Instrumentation on RV Ronald H. Brown for the Nauru99 Campaign M. J. Post, C. W. Fairall, D. A. Hazen, R. M. Hardesty, W. L. Eberhard, and B. E. Martner National Oceanic and...
Site Recycles Millions of Pounds of Metal | Department of Energy
Recycles Millions of Pounds of Metal Recycles Millions of Pounds of Metal Site Recycles Millions of Pounds of Metal May 30, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis The Portsmouth site worked with two regional companies and local law enforcement to arrange transportation of 10 massive synchronous condensers as part of an asset recovery effort. The Portsmouth site worked with two regional companies and local law enforcement to arrange transportation of 10 massive synchronous condensers as part of an asset recovery effort. PIKETON, Ohio - The EM program at the Portsmouth site and its contractor, Fluor-B&W Portsmouth, recycled millions of pounds of metal from the demolition of an electrical switchyard that served the former gaseous diffusion plant. The effort at the Portsmouth site diverted more than 4 million pounds of
Renewable and Recycled Energy Objective | Department of Energy
Renewable and Recycled Energy Objective Renewable and Recycled Energy Objective Renewable and Recycled Energy Objective < Back Eligibility Investor-Owned Utility Municipal Utility Rural Electric Cooperative Savings Category Bioenergy Buying & Making Electricity Water Alternative Fuel Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Solar Wind Program Info State North Dakota Program Type Renewables Portfolio Standard Provider North Dakota Public Service Commission In March 2007, the North Dakota enacted legislation (H.B. 1506) establishing an ''objective'' that 10% of all retail electricity sold in the state be obtained from renewable energy and recycled energy by 2015. The objective must be measured by qualifying megawatt-hours (MWh) delivered at retail, or by credits purchased and retired to offset non-qualifying
Demolitions Produce Recyclable Materials for Organization Promoting Economic Activity
August 15, 2011 August 15, 2011 Demolitions Produce Recyclable Materials for Organization Promoting Economic Activity PIKETON, Ohio - Demolitions have helped generate more than 8 million pounds of metal at the Piketon site for recycling, further promoting economic activity in the region thanks to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Proceeds from recycling that metal through the unique program will add to the more than $2.8 million already generated from recycling more than 5.2 million pounds of material from site demolition efforts. "This metal represents economic opportunity for the surround- ing community, as proceeds from this material will create local jobs, utilize surrounding area facilities and generate money to be reinvested back into the community," said Pete Mingus, who
Impact of Atmospheric Moisture Storage on Precipitation Recycling
Computations of precipitation recycling using analytical models are generally performed under the assumption of negligible change in moisture storage in the atmospheric column. Because the moisture storage term is nonnegligible at smaller time ...
Francina Dominguez; Praveen Kumar; Xin-Zhong Liang; Mingfang Ting
Strategies for aluminum recycling : insights from material system optimization
The dramatic increase in aluminum consumption over the past decades necessitates a societal effort to recycle and reuse these materials to promote true sustainability and energy savings in aluminum production. However, the ...
Li, Preston Pui-Chuen
Fuel Cycle Options for Optimized Recycling of Nuclear Fuel
The reduction of transuranic inventories of spent nuclear fuel depends upon the deployment of advanced fuels that can be loaded with recycled transuranics (TRU), and the availability of facilities to separate and reprocess ...
Aquien, A.
Applications of industrial ecology : manufacturing, recycling, and efficiency
This work applies concepts from industrial ecology to analyses of manufacturing, recycling, and efficiency. The first part focuses on an environmental analysis of machining, with a specific emphasis on energy consumption. ...
Dahmus, Jeffrey B. (Jeffrey Brian), 1974-
High-grade paper recycling: A program management perspective
Recycling of high-grade paper is one method of reducing the use of natural resources and the amount of waste being emitted into the environment, both in the process of manufacturing and in the disposal of unneeded documents. The Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC) is a significant user of high-grade paper, thus recycling represents a potential saving to society in the form of lessened negative impact on the environment as the result of AFMC operations. The possibility also exists for AFMC to reduce operating costs. The purpose of this study is to explore means of reducing high-grade paper disposal by AFMC, examine program management of high-grade paper recycling by AFMC, and apply effective program management processes to the AFMC high-grade paper recycling program.
Carter, R.L.
Demolitions have helped generate more than 8 million pounds of metal at the Piketon site for recycling, further promoting economic activity in the region thanks to the American Recovery and...
Fuel cycle options for optimized recycling of nuclear fuel
The accumulation of transuranic inventories in spent nuclear fuel depends on both deployment of advanced reactors that can be loaded with recycled transuranics (TRU), and on availability of the facilities that separate and ...
Aquien, Alexandre
Precipitation Recycling: Moisture Sources over Europe using ERA-40 Data
Atmospheric moisture within a region is supplied by both local evaporation and advected from external sources. The contribution of local evaporation in a region to the precipitation in the same region is defined as �precipitation recycling.� ...
B. Bisselink; A. J. Dolman
Renewable, Recycled and Conserved Energy Objective (South Dakota...
(HB 1123) establishing an objective that 10% of all retail electricity sales in the state be obtained from renewable and recycled energy by 2015. In March 2009, this policy was...
Use of recycled materials in highway construction. Final report
The major objectives of this study were to examine: (1) the types of recycled materials that are appropriate and feasible as alternative paving materials, such as glass and tires; and (2) the types of recycled materials, such as mixed-plastics and compost, that can be utilized in all types of transportation applications other than pavements. Seven key products are investigated: (1) tires, (2) glass, (3) asphalt concrete, (4) fly ash, (5) compost, (6) mixed plastics, and (7) aluminum sign stock. Performance and cost data for rubber-asphalt pavements is documented for both in-state and nationwide applications. The national experience with the use of waste glass as an additive to asphalt concrete and its use in unbound base materials is also highlighted. Programs for experimental use of recycled materials are outlined. Recommendations for staffing and program changes to deal with recycling issues are also discussed.
Swearingen, D.L.; Jackson, N.C.; Anderson, K.W.
Site Recycles Millions of Pounds of Metal Site Recycles Millions of Pounds of Metal Site Recycles Millions of Pounds of Metal May 30, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis The Portsmouth site worked with two regional companies and local law enforcement to arrange transportation of 10 massive synchronous condensers as part of an asset recovery effort. The Portsmouth site worked with two regional companies and local law enforcement to arrange transportation of 10 massive synchronous condensers as part of an asset recovery effort. PIKETON, Ohio - The EM program at the Portsmouth site and its contractor, Fluor-B&W Portsmouth, recycled millions of pounds of metal from the demolition of an electrical switchyard that served the former gaseous diffusion plant. The effort at the Portsmouth site diverted more than 4 million pounds of
Material Recovery and Recycling - Not an Option, But a Prerequisite ...
Inorganic materials are non-renewable; one would expect that appropriate design, ... (ii) designing recycling processes that are more energy efficient; (iii) develop ... Fuel Use Reduction and Lower Emissions Using Rugged, Verifiable, In-Situ�...
Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #434: July 24, 2006 Scrap Tire Recycling
4: July 24, 2006 4: July 24, 2006 Scrap Tire Recycling to someone by E-mail Share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #434: July 24, 2006 Scrap Tire Recycling on Facebook Tweet about Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #434: July 24, 2006 Scrap Tire Recycling on Twitter Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #434: July 24, 2006 Scrap Tire Recycling on Google Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #434: July 24, 2006 Scrap Tire Recycling on Delicious Rank Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #434: July 24, 2006 Scrap Tire Recycling on Digg Find More places to share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #434: July 24, 2006 Scrap Tire Recycling on AddThis.com... Fact #434: July 24, 2006 Scrap Tire Recycling The recycling of scrap tires has come a long way in the last decade. In 1990, only 11% of the tires that were scrapped were recycled or reused, but
Automobile shredder residue: Process developments for recovery of recyclable constituents
The objectives of this paper are threefold: (1) to briefly outline the structure of the automobile shredder industry as a supplier of ferrous scrap, (2) to review the previous research that has been conducted for recycling automobile shredder residue (ASR), and (3) to present the results and implications of the research being conducted at ANL on the development of a process for the selective recovery and recycling of the thermoplastics content of ASR. 15 refs., 5 figs.
Daniels, E.J.; Jody, B.J.; Bonsignore, P.V.; Shoemaker, E.L.
Method of recycling lithium borate to lithium borohydride through diborane
This invention provides a method for the recycling of lithium borate to lithium borohydride which can be reacted with water to generate hydrogen for utilization as a fuel. The lithium borate by-product of the hydrogen generation reaction is reacted with hydrogen chloride and water to produce boric acid and lithium chloride. The boric acid and lithium chloride are converted to lithium borohydride through a diborane intermediate to complete the recycle scheme.
Filby, Evan E. (Rigby, ID)
Duality and Recycling Computing in Quantum Computers
Quantum computer possesses quantum parallelism and offers great computing power over classical computer \\cite{er1,er2}. As is well-know, a moving quantum object passing through a double-slit exhibits particle wave duality. A quantum computer is static and lacks this duality property. The recently proposed duality computer has exploited this particle wave duality property, and it may offer additional computing power \\cite{r1}. Simply put it, a duality computer is a moving quantum computer passing through a double-slit. A duality computer offers the capability to perform separate operations on the sub-waves coming out of the different slits, in the so-called duality parallelism. Here we show that an $n$-dubit duality computer can be modeled by an $(n+1)$-qubit quantum computer. In a duality mode, computing operations are not necessarily unitary. A $n$-qubit quantum computer can be used as an $n$-bit reversible classical computer and is energy efficient. Our result further enables a $(n+1)$-qubit quantum computer to run classical algorithms in a $O(2^n)$-bit classical computer. The duality mode provides a natural link between classical computing and quantum computing. Here we also propose a recycling computing mode in which a quantum computer will continue to compute until the result is obtained. These two modes provide new tool for algorithm design. A search algorithm for the unsorted database search problem is designed.
Gui Lu Long; Yang Liu
Sustainable recycling of municipal solid waste in developing countries
This research focuses on recycling in developing countries as one form of sustainable municipal solid waste management (MSWM). Twenty-three case studies provided municipal solid waste (MSW) generation and recovery rates and composition for compilation and assessment. The average MSW generation rate was 0.77 kg/person/day, with recovery rates from 5-40%. The waste streams of 19 of these case studies consisted of 0-70% recyclables and 17-80% organics. Qualitative analysis of all 23 case studies identified barriers or incentives to recycling, which resulted in the development of factors influencing recycling of MSW in developing countries. The factors are government policy, government finances, waste characterization, waste collection and segregation, household education, household economics, MSWM (municipal solid waste management) administration, MSWM personnel education, MSWM plan, local recycled-material market, technological and human resources, and land availability. Necessary and beneficial relationships drawn among these factors revealed the collaborative nature of sustainable MSWM. The functionality of the factor relationships greatly influenced the success of sustainable MSWM. A correlation existed between stakeholder involvement and the three dimensions of sustainability: environment, society, and economy. The only factors driven by all three dimensions (waste collection and segregation, MSWM plan, and local recycled-material market) were those requiring the greatest collaboration with other factors.
Troschinetz, Alexis M. [Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sustainable Futures Institute, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr., Houghton, MI 49931 (United States)], E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Mihelcic, James R. [Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sustainable Futures Institute, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr., Houghton, MI 49931 (United States)
Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Characterization and Post-Remediation Verification
Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Characterization and Post-Remediation Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Characterization and Post-Remediation Verification Sampling Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Characterization and Post-Remediation Verification Sampling Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds. May 2004, Monterey, California. Charles Tabor, Randall Juhlin, Paul Darr, Julian Caballero, Joseph Daniel, David Ingle Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Characterization and Post-Remediation Verification Sampling More Documents & Publications Steam and ET-DSP Combined for DNAPL Remediation: Full-Scale Site Restoration at Young - Rainey STAR Center Project Overview: Successful Field-Scale In Situ Thermal NAPL Remediation Successful Field-Scale In Situ Thermal NAPL Remediation at the Young - Rainey STAR Center
Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Characterization and Post-Remediation Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Characterization and Post-Remediation Verification Sampling Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Characterization and Post-Remediation Verification Sampling Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds. May 2004, Monterey, California. Charles Tabor, Randall Juhlin, Paul Darr, Julian Caballero, Joseph Daniel, David Ingle Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Characterization and Post-Remediation Verification Sampling More Documents & Publications Project Overview: Successful Field-Scale In Situ Thermal NAPL Remediation Successful Field-Scale In Situ Thermal NAPL Remediation at the Young - Rainey STAR Center Steam and ET-DSP Combined for DNAPL Remediation: Full-Scale Site Restoration at Young - Rainey STAR Center
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Titanium: The ...
Jul 9, 2008 ... Navigation: Select, Sandbox, Open Discussion Regarding Materials Sustainability, ==== Materials Sustainability ==== Recycling - General�...
Solvent usage and recycling potential in a research and development setting
Argonne National Laboratory utilizes thousands of gallons of chemicals each year. Laboratory wastes can be broadly characterized as coming from three focus areas: (1) restoration and decommissioning associated wastes generate larger quantities of waste on a one-time basis. The wastes may be non-hazardous to highly toxic and the quantities are variable. (2) Laboratory operations generate approximately 50% of all waste disposed. Operational waste can be characterized as less hazardous, reasonably consistent in nature, generally in larger quantities. (3) the final waste stream is small quantities of many different materials coming from many different waste streams. This waste stream is at the center of ANL`s pollution prevention program. The research areas have implemented many pollution prevention techniques. Solvent substitution has been effective in reducing hazardous cleaning wastes, scintillation cocktail wastes, and other chlorinated wastes. Micro chemistry is effective at minimizing certain chemical process wastes, developing new analytical chemistry procedures has reduced and eliminated other waste forms. New instrumentation has provided first level reductions in many waste streams. Despite these new techniques solvent usage remains the largest research related waste stream. The present solvents are generated from instruments such as electrophoresis and high pressure liquid chromatographs (HPLC), solvent extractions, biological staining and cleaning practices. ANL recognizes the significant role recycling this waste stream is in Pollution Prevention Program implementation. ANL initiated a study to quantify solvent usage, characterization of the waste solvent, and match the purity requirements exploring all opportunities to substitute and recycle.
Vivio, F.; Thuot, J.R.; Peters, R.W.
Data Center Economizer Contamination and Humidity Study
Data centers require continuous air conditioning to address high internal heat loads (heat release from equipment) and maintain indoor temperatures within recommended operating levels for computers. Air economizer cycles, which bring in large amounts of outside air to cool internal loads when weather conditions are favorable, could save cooling energy. There is reluctance from many data center owners to use this common cooling technique, however, due to fear of introducing pollutants and potential loss of humidity control. Concerns about equipment failure from airborne pollutants lead to specifying as little outside air as permissible for human occupants. To investigate contamination levels, particle monitoring was conducted at 8 data centers in Northern California. Particle counters were placed at 3 to 4 different locations within and outside of each data center evaluated in this study. Humidity was also monitored at many of the sites to determine how economizers affect humidity control. Results from this study indicate that economizers do increase the outdoor concentration in data centers, but this concentration, when averaged annually, is still below current particle concentration limits. Study results are summarized below: (1) The average particle concentrations measured at each location, both outside and at the servers, are shown in Table 1. Measurements show low particle concentrations at all data centers without economizers, regardless of outdoor particle concentrations. Particle concentrations were typically an order of magnitude below both outside particle concentrations and recently published ASHRAE standards. (2) Economizer use caused sharp increases in particle concentrations when the economizer vents were open. The particle concentration in the data centers, however, quickly dropped back to pre-economizer levels when the vents closed. Since economizers only allow outside air part of the time, the annual average concentrations still met the ASHRAE standards. However, concentration were still above the levels measured in data centers that do not use economizers (3) Current filtration in data centers is minimal (ASHRAE 40%) since most air is typically recycled. When using economizers, modest improvements in filtration (ASHRAE 85%) can reduce particle concentrations to nearly match the level found in data centers that do not use economizers. The extra cost associated with improve filters was not determined in this study. (4) Humidity was consistent and within the ASHRAE recommended levels for all data centers without economizers. Results show that, while slightly less steady, humidity in data centers with economizers can also be controlled within the ASHRAE recommended levels. However, this control of humidity reduces energy savings by limiting the hours the economizer vents are open. (5) The potential energy savings from economizer use has been measured in one data center. When economizers were active, mechanical cooling power dropped by approximately 30%. Annual savings at this center is estimated within the range of 60-80 MWh/year, representing approximately a 5% savings off the mechanical energy load of the data center. Incoming temperatures and humidity at this data center were conservative relative to the ASHRAE acceptable temperature and humidity ranges. Greater savings may be available if higher temperature humidity levels in the data center area were permitted. The average particle concentrations measured at each of the eight data center locations are shown in Table 1. The data centers ranged in size from approximately 5,000 ft{sup 2} to 20,000 ft{sup 2}. The indoor concentrations and humidity in Table 1 represents measurements taken at the server rack. Temperature measurements at the server rack consistently fell between 65-70 F. The Findings section contains a discussion of the individual findings from each center. Data centers currently operate under very low contamination levels. Economizers can be expected to increase the particle concentration in data centers, but the increase appears to still be
Shehabi, Arman; Tschudi, William; Gadgil, Ashok
Paper Recycling Mill: A Sustainable Education Center in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
??By the 1960's a sub-urban lifestyle had taken over the island of Puerto Rico, bringing with it cars for everyone and a culture of consumption.� (more)
Bird-Ortiz, Nianti
The City of Guelph Wet-Dry Recycling Center Alexander N. Themelis, Research Associate,
in mind the topography and soil analysis, prevailing wind direction as well as all adjacent occupancy and hydrasorter which is a simple jig sorter for glass, aluminum, and heavy cup separation - small nonferrous i
Columbia University
RCRA Waste Minimization and Recycling Initiatives at the Health Center (Rev. 12/09)
of a spill. The Office of Research Safety submitted samples of "typical" dental amalgam for TCLP testing. The TCLP test results indicated that amalgam is not a hazardous waste viewed from the RCRA definition
Kim, Duck O.
Post-2014 Resource Allocations
Post-2014 Resource Allocations Post-2014 Resource Allocations On December 17, 2010, Western Area Power Administration's Rocky Mountain Region published its Post-2014 Resource Pool-Loveland Area Projects (LAP), Allocation Procedures and Call for Applications (75 FR 78988). Through the Post-2014 Resource Pool (Resource Pool), Western will allocate up to 1 percent of the LAP long-term firm hydroelectric resource available as of October 1, 2014, that is estimated to be approximately 6.9 megawatts for the summer season and 6.1 megawatts for the winter season. The Resource Pool will be created by reducing existing customers' allocations by up to 1 percent. A public information forum was held on February 2, 2011, prior to the application deadline, which was March 4, 2011. Of the seven applications received, Western determined that six of the applicants met the Resource Pool General Eligibility Criteria. Western published the Resource Pool proposed power allocation and initiated a public comment period in the Federal Register (76 FR 45551, July 29, 2011). A public comment forum on the proposed power allocation was held August 25, 2011, and public comments were due to Western by September 12, 2011. There were no comments received during the public comment period.
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Center for ...
Jul 2, 2008 ... Focus on life cycle analyses for buildings, agriculture, transportation, renewable energy, and packaging. Source: Center for Sustainable�...
Center for By-Products Utilization Sustainable Concrete with
-Products Utilization Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) · Proposed by Devidovits (1994) is an upcoming technology-friendly and sustainable. #12;Center for By-Products Utilization Geopolymer Concrete (cont'd) · Industrial byCenter for By-Products Utilization Sustainable Concrete with Industrial and Post-Consumer By
Saldin, Dilano
Chemical Hydrogen Storage Center Center of Excellence
Source Hydrogen H2 storage Hydrogen Stored Energy Point-of-use Chemical hydrogen storage #12;5 ChemicalChemical Hydrogen Storage Center Center of Excellence for Chemical Hydrogen Storage William Tumas proprietary or confidential information #12;2 Chemical Hydrogen Storage Center Overview Project Start Date: FY
Carver, Jeffrey C.
Recycling readiness of advanced batteries for electric vehicles
Maximizing the reclamation/recycle of electric-vehicle (EV) batteries is considered to be essential for the successful commercialization of this technology. Since the early 1990s, the US Department of Energy has sponsored the ad hoc advanced battery readiness working group to review this and other possible barriers to the widespread use of EVs, such as battery shipping and in-vehicle safety. Regulation is currently the main force for growth in EV numbers and projections for the states that have zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) programs indicate about 200,000 of these vehicles would be offered to the public in 2003 to meet those requirements. The ad hoc Advanced Battery Readiness Working Group has identified a matrix of battery technologies that could see use in EVs and has been tracking the state of readiness of recycling processes for each of them. Lead-acid, nickel/metal hydride, and lithium-ion are the three EV battery technologies proposed by the major automotive manufacturers affected by ZEV requirements. Recycling approaches for the two advanced battery systems on this list are partly defined, but could be modified to recover more value from end-of-life batteries. The processes being used or planned to treat these batteries are reviewed, as well as those being considered for other longer-term technologies in the battery recycling readiness matrix. Development efforts needed to prepare for recycling the batteries from a much larger EV population than exists today are identified.
Jungst, R.G.
Mound Laboratory's Reclamation and Recycling Program
In keeping with Mound Laboratory's tradition for innovation and forward-looking action, several studies were recently conducted to seek out alternatives to incineration and landfill of all nonradioactive solid waste. Efforts were directed towards reclamation, reuse, and recycling of solid wastes. These efforts resulted in a reclamation and recycling program which is being implemented in three separate phases: 1. Phase I provides for reclamation and recycling of IBM cards, printouts, and white paper. 2. Phase II is designed for reclamation, recycling, or off-site disposal of all wastes generated in buildings and areas where radioactive or explosive wastes are not contained. 3. Phase III provides for reclamation, recycling, or off-site disposal of the remaining wastes not included in Phases I and II. Implementatin would follow successful operation of Phases I and II and would only be implemented after a complete analysis of monitoring and segregation techniques have been established to assure against any possibility of off-site contamination.
Garbe, Yvonne M.
Visible light-photocatalysis could provide a cost-effective route to recycle CO{sub 2} to useful chemicals or fuels. Research is planned to study the reactivity of adsorbates, their role in the photosynthesis reaction, and their relation to the nature of surface sites during photosynthesis of methanol and hydrocarbons from CO{sub 2}/H{sub 2}O over four types of MCM-41/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-supported TiO{sub 2} and CdS catalysts: (1) ion-exchanged metal cations, (2) highly dispersed cations, (3) monolayer sites, and (4) modified monolayer catalysts. TiO{sub 2} was selected since it has exhibited higher activity than other oxide catalysts; CdS was selected for its photocatalytic activity in the visible light region. Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} provides excellent hydrothermal stability. MCM-41 offers high surface area (more than 800 m{sup 2}/g), providing a platform for preparing and depositing a large number of active sites per gram catalyst. The unique structure of these ion exchange cations, highly dispersed cations, and monolayer sites provides an opportunity to tailor their chemical/coordination environments for enhancing visible-light photocatalytic activity and deactivation resistance. The year one research tasks include (1) setting up experimental system, (2) preparing ion-exchanged metal cations, highly dispersed cations, monolayer sites of TiO{sub 2} and CdS, and (3) determination of the dependence of methanol activity/selectivity on the catalyst preparation techniques and their relation to adsorbate reactivity. During the first quarter, we have purchased a Gas Chromatography and all the necessary components for building 3 reactor systems, set up the light source apparatus, and calibrated the light intensity. In addition, monolayer TiO{sub 2}/MCM-41 and TiO{sub 2}/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst were prepared. TiO{sub 2}/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} was found to exhibit high activity for methanol synthesis. Repeated runs was planned to insure the reproducibility of the data.
Energy efficient data centers
the data center�s power usage. Lighting accounts only 2% ofLighting HVAC - Chiller Plant The computer loads amount to 68% of the data center power usage.
Tschudi, William; Xu, Tengfang; Sartor, Dale; Koomey, Jon; Nordman, Bruce; Sezgen, Osman
Recycling Carbon Dioxide to Make Plastics Recycling Carbon Dioxide to Make Plastics Recycling Carbon Dioxide to Make Plastics May 20, 2013 - 1:31pm Addthis Novomerâs thermoplastic pellets incorporate waste CO2 into a variety of consumer products. Novomer's thermoplastic pellets incorporate waste CO2 into a variety of consumer products. Why is this important? By using CO2 that would otherwise be emitted to the atmosphere, the process has the potential to cut greenhouse gas emissions while simultaneously reducing petroleum consumption and producing useful products for American consumers. The world's first successful large-scale production of a polypropylene carbonate (PPC) polymer using waste carbon dioxide (CO2) as a key raw material has resulted from a projected funded in part by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Fossil Energy.
'Recycling' Grid Energy with Flywheel Technology | Department of Energy
'Recycling' Grid Energy with Flywheel Technology 'Recycling' Grid Energy with Flywheel Technology 'Recycling' Grid Energy with Flywheel Technology September 30, 2010 - 5:03pm Addthis Seven-foot tall cylinders equipped with flywheel technology (shown above) will make up Beacon Powerâs energy storage plant in Stephentown, N.Y. The company received a $43 million loan guarantee from the Energy Department to build the plant. | Photo courtesy of Beacon Power Corporation Seven-foot tall cylinders equipped with flywheel technology (shown above) will make up Beacon Power's energy storage plant in Stephentown, N.Y. The company received a $43 million loan guarantee from the Energy Department to build the plant. | Photo courtesy of Beacon Power Corporation Stephen Graff Former Writer & editor for Energy Empowers, EERE
Decontaminating and Melt Recycling Tritium Contaminated Stainless Steel
The Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, and several university and industrial partners are evaluating recycling radioactively contaminated stainless steel. The goal of this program is to recycle contaminated stainless steel scrap from US Department of Energy national defense facilities. There is a large quantity of stainless steel at the DOE Savannah River Site from retired heavy water moderated Nuclear material production reactors (for example heat exchangers and process water piping), that will be used in pilot studies of potential recycle processes. These parts are contaminated by fission products, activated species, and tritium generated by neutron irradiation of the primary reactor coolant, which is heavy (deuterated) water. This report reviews current understanding of tritium contamination of stainless steel and previous studies of decontaminating tritium exposed stainless steel. It also outlines stainless steel refining methods, and proposes recommendations based on this review.
Clark, E.A.
Radiological control criteria for materials considered for recycle and reuse
Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) is conducting technical analyses to support the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Environmental Guidance, Air, Water, and Radiation Division (DOE/EH-232) in developing radiological control criteria for recycling or reuse of metals or equipment containing residual radioactive contamination from DOE operations. The criteria, framed as acceptable concentrations for release of materials for recycling or reuse, are risk-based and were developed through analysis of generic radiation exposure scenarios and pathways. The analysis includes evaluation of relevant radionuclides, potential mechanisms of exposure, and non-health-related impacts of residual radioactivity on electronics and film. The analysis considers 42 key radionuclides that DOE operations are known to generate and that may be contained in recycled or reused metals or equipment. Preliminary results are compared with similar results reported by the International Atomic Energy Agency, by radionuclide grouping.
Kennedy, W.E. Jr.; Hill, R.L.; Aaberg, R.L. [Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States); Wallo, A. III [USDOE Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety, and Health, Washington, DC (United States). Office of Environmental Guidance
Centers | ornl.gov
Centers Centers SHARE Centers BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) The BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) is a multi-institutional (17 partners), multidisciplinary research (biological, chemical, physical and computational sciences, mathematics and engineering) organization focused on the fundamental understanding and elimination of biomass recalcitrance. DOE Energy Frontier Research Centers The Energy Frontier Research Centers program aims to accelerate such transformative discovery, combining the talents and creativity of our national scientific workforce with a powerful new generation of tools for penetrating, understanding, and manipulating matter on the atomic and molecular scales. ORNL is also home to two DOE Energy Frontier Research Centers, the Fluid Interface, Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST)
LANSCE | Lujan Center | Publications
Publications Publication acknowledgement Lujan Center monitors the number of papers published as a result of the use of our facilities. The Lujan Center's sponsoring agency, US...
DOE Information Center
DOE Information Center The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Information Center provides citizens a consolidated facility to obtain information and records related to the DOE's...
First National Technology Center
9 10 First National Technology First National Technology Center Center The Nature of the Grid - Industrial Age Power - Normal Course Voltage Interruptions: 2-3 seconds Lights and...
Performance of a Treatment Loop for Recycling Spent Rinse Waters
This paper summarizes an evaluation of a treatment loop designed to upgrade the quality of spent rinse waters discharged from 10 wet benches located in the fab at Sandia's Microelectronics Development Laboratory (MDL). The goal of the treatment loop is to make these waters, presently being discharged to the fab's acid waste neutralization (AWN) station, suitable for recycling as feed water back into the fab's ultrapure water (UPW) plant. The MDL typically operates 2 shifts per day, 5 days per week. Without any treatment, the properties of the spent rinse waters now being collected have been shown to be compatible with recycling about 30% (50/168) of the time (weekends primarily, when the fab is idling) which corresponds to about 12% of the present water discharged from the fab to the AWN. The primary goal of adding a treatment loop is to increase the percentage of recyclable water from these 10 wet benches to near 100%, increasing the percentage of total recyclable water to near 40% of the total present fab discharge to the AWN. A second goal is to demonstrate compatibility with recycling this treated spent rinse water to the present R/O product water tank, reducing both the present volume of R/O reject water and the present load on the R/O. The approach taken to demonstrate achieving these goals is to compare all the common metrics of water quality for the treated spent rinse waters with those of the present R/O product water. Showing that the treated rinse water is equal or superior in quality to the water presently stored in the R/O tank by every metric all the time is assumed to be sufficient argument for proceeding with plans to incorporate recycling of these spent rinse waters back into MDL's R/O tank.
Auto shredder residue recycling: Mechanical separation and pyrolysis
Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer In this work, we exploited mechanical separation and pyrolysis to recycle ASR. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Pyrolysis of the floating organic fraction is promising in reaching ELV Directive targets. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Zeolite catalyst improve pyrolysis oil and gas yield. - Abstract: sets a goal of 85% material recycling from end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) by the end of 2015. The current ELV recycling rate is around 80%, while the remaining waste is called automotive shredder residue (ASR), or car fluff. In Europe, this is mainly landfilled because it is extremely heterogeneous and often polluted with car fluids. Despite technical difficulties, in the coming years it will be necessary to recover materials from car fluff in order to meet the ELV Directive requirement. This study deals with ASR pretreatment and pyrolysis, and aims to determine whether the ELV material recycling target may be achieved by car fluff mechanical separation followed by pyrolysis with a bench scale reactor. Results show that flotation followed by pyrolysis of the light, organic fraction may be a suitable ASR recycling technique if the oil can be further refined and used as a chemical. Moreover, metals are liberated during thermal cracking and can be easily separated from the pyrolysis char, amounting to roughly 5% in mass. Lastly, pyrolysis can be a good starting point from a 'waste-to-chemicals' perspective, but further research should be done with a focus on oil and gas refining, in order both to make products suitable for the chemical industry and to render the whole recycling process economically feasible.
Santini, Alessandro [Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna (Italy); Passarini, Fabrizio, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna (Italy); Vassura, Ivano [Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna (Italy); Serrano, David; Dufour, Javier [Department of Chemical and Energy Technology, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/Tulipan s/n, 28933 Mostoles, Madrid (Spain); Instituto IMDEA Energy, c/Tulipan s/n, 28933 Mostoles, Madrid (Spain); Morselli, Luciano [Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna (Italy)
Sludge recycle and reuse in acid mine drainage treatment
Neutralization of acid mine drainage produces vast quantities of iron-rich sludge, and large quantities of unused lime remain in the sludge after treatment. In a study in which sludge was recycled to increase lime utilization, sludge was mixed with raw acid mine drainage and settled out in an intermediate clarifier. The clarifier supernatant was then treated by lime addition, aeration and sedimentation. The low-pH sludge was withdrawn from the intermediate clarifier. The iron was recovered by acidification and used as wastewater coagulant. The recycle scheme resulted in a 30% decrease in lime requirements, and the resultant coagulant performed well when compared with stock iron coagulant solutions.
Keefer, G.B.; Sack, W.A.
Summary of Fermilab's Recycler Electron Cooler Operation and Studies
Fermilab's Recycler ring was used as a storage ring for accumulation and subsequent manipulations of 8 GeV antiprotons destined for the Tevatron collider. To satisfy these missions, a unique electron cooling system was designed, developed and successfully implemented. The most important features that distinguish the Recycler cooler from other existing electron coolers are its relativistic energy, 4.3 MV combined with 0.1-0.5 A DC beam current, a weak continuous longitudinal magnetic field in the cooling section, 100 G, and lumped focusing elsewhere. With the termination of the Tevatron collider operation, so did the cooler. In this article, we summarize the experience of running this unique machine.
Prost, L.R.; Shemyakin, A.; /Fermilab
Recycling tires. (Latest citations from Pollution Abstracts). Published Search
The bibliography contains citations concerning the technology and economic advantages of scrap tire recycling. The application of crumb rubber in the production of asphalt paving, floor-coverings, high performance composites, and other products is described. The production of fuels from scrap tires is also discussed. Legislation which promotes recycling, and the roles of government and the private sector in developing new markets and expanding existing markets are included.(Contains 50-250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.) (Copyright NERAC, Inc. 1995)
Dynamic Systems Analysis Report for Nuclear Fuel Recycle
This report examines the time-dependent dynamics of transitioning from the current United States (U.S.) nuclear fuel cycle where used nuclear fuel is disposed in a repository to a closed fuel cycle where the used fuel is recycled and only fission products and waste are disposed. The report is intended to help inform policy developers, decision makers, and program managers of system-level options and constraints as they guide the formulation and implementation of advanced fuel cycle development and demonstration efforts and move toward deployment of nuclear fuel recycling infrastructure.
Brent Dixon; Sonny Kim; David Shropshire; Steven Piet; Gretchen Matthern; Bill Halsey
Process design and solvent recycle for the supercritical Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
A recycle reactor system for supercritical Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was successfully designed and tested. The new reactor system has these characteristics: (1) integration of supercritical Fischer-Tropsch reactions, natural separation of produced wax from liquid phase, and recycle of the solvent and (2) natural recycle of solvent driven by self-gravity. A 20% Co/SiO{sub 2} catalyst and n-hexane were used as a catalyst and supercritical fluid, respectively. The results show that the average CO conversion at the steady state was 45% with recycle and 58% without recycle. The lumped hydrocarbon products distribution did not have any obvious difference between with and without recycle operation; however, {alpha}-olefin content of products with recycle was lower than that without recycle. The XRD result indicates that most of the reduced cobalt remains in the metallic state during the Fischer-Tropsch reactions for both cases. 22 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
Wensheng Linghu; Xiaohong Li; Kenji Asami; Kaoru Fujimoto [University of Kitakyushu, Fukuoka (Japan). Department of Chemical Processes and Environments, Faculty of Environmental Engineering
Success Stories: Post Office Lighting
... Post Office reduces energy, provides better lighting for multitasks in the home and office, and saves money. The system ...
ORISE: Center for Science Education
Center for Science Education ORAU Center for Science Education ORAU Center for Science Education Completed in January 2009, the Center for Science Education was established to...
cogeneration can improve reliability and increase chiller efficiency (by using waste heat) for larger data centers.
Thermodynamics Research Center Group
Thermodynamics Research Center. Welcome. TRC supplies thermodynamic properties tables, thermophysical properties data, models, standards ...
Thermodynamics Research Center - Thermophysical ...
Thermodynamics Research Center. TRC supplies thermodynamic properties tables, thermophysical properties data, models, standards and ...
Kent SeaTech Increases Fish Farm Yield and Recycles Water ...
Kent SeaTech Increases Fish Farm Yield and Recycles Water for Neighboring Agricultural Irrigation. Partnering Organization ...
Development of asphalts and pavements using recycled tire rubber. Phase 1: technical feasibility. Final report
This report documents the technical progress made on the development of asphalts and pavements using recycled tire rubber.
Bullin, J.A.; Davison, R.R.; Glover, C.J. [and others
A Research Needs Assessment for waste plastics recycling: Volume 2, Project report. Final report
This second volume contains detailed information on a number of specific topics relevant to the recovery/recycling of plastics.
Microsoft Word - Universal Aggregates Post Project Assessment...
extruder performance Mix Design To evaluate the effects of mix formulation (SDA, recycle, additive, and water) on pugmill, pug sealer, and extruder performance C. Project...
Alternative Fuels Data Center
AFDC AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Alternative Fuels Data Center: Page Not Found Skip to Content Eere_header_logo U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy EERE Home | Programs & Offices | Consumer Information Alternative Fuels Data Center Search Search Help Alternative Fuels Data Center Fuels & Vehicles Biodiesel | Diesel Vehicles
Automation of waste recycling using hyperspectral image analysis Artzai Picon1
is approximately 100 Euro per tonne, whereas the estimated cost to recycle a tonne of electronic equipment is six into the cost of the recycling process, the financial demand to recycle cars or washing machines times larger. However, besides processing costs (which are crucially important in any efficient
Whelan, Paul F.
The construction of a collaborative-design platform to support waste electrical and electronic equipment recycling
Recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is a very important subject not only from the viewpoint of waste treatment but also from the viewpoint of recovery of valuable materials. In the past, some obstacles make recycling challenging ... Keywords: Collaborative design, Green supply chain management, Life-cycle management, Recycling, Waste electrical and electronic equipment
Tsai Chi Kuo
Why should I recycle? The average American generates 4.5 pounds of waste daily.
Why should I recycle? The average American generates 4.5 pounds of waste daily. Instead of throwing throughout campus.These guidelines will help you recycle more and waste less. What's recyclable? · Mixed and plastic-coated papers · Tissue and paper towels · Paper or containers soiled by food or organic waste
Tsien, Roger Y.
Recycling policy making of organic waste using analytical network process
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used widely in multicriteria selection problems. However, AHP can deal with only a simple hierarchy of elements. On the other hand, the Analytical Network Process (ANP) can deal with more complex structures ... Keywords: analytical network process (ANP), group discussion, multicriteria selection, organic waste recycling policy making
Kazuei Ishii; Toru Furuichi
Assessment of recycling or disposal alternatives for radioactive scrap metal
The US Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management, Oak Ridge Programs Division, is participating with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in providing analytical support for evaluation of management alternatives for radioactive scrap metals. For this purpose, Argonne National Laboratory is assessing environmental and societal implications of recycling and/or disposal process alternatives. This effort includes development of inventory estimates for contaminated metals; investigation of scrap metal market structure, processes, and trends; assessment of radiological and nonradiological effects of recycling; and investigation of social and political factors that are likely to either facilitate or constrain recycling opportunities. In addition, the option of scrap metal disposal is being assessed, especially with regard to the environmental and health impacts of replacing these metals if they are withdrawn from use. This paper focuses on the radiological risk assessment and dose estimate sensitivity analysis. A {open_quotes}tiered{close_quotes} concept for release categories, with and without use restrictions, is being developed. Within the tiers, different release limits may be indicated for specific groupings of radionuclides. Depending on the spectrum of radionuclides that are present and the level of residual activity after decontamination and/or smelting, the scrap may be released for unrestricted public use or for specified public uses, or it may be recycled within the nuclear industry. The conservatism of baseline dose estimates is examined, and both more realistic parameter values and protective measures for workers are suggested.
Murphie, W.E.; Lilly, M.J. III [US Dept. of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Nieves, L.A.; Chen, S.Y. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)
Methods for differentiating recycled cooking oil needed in China
Researchers from the West China School of Public Health at Sichuan University in Chengdu, China, explain why the reuse of recycled cooking oil, or �gutter oil,� is such a difficult problem for government and public health officials to address. Methods for
Process for gasifying carbonaceous material from a recycled condensate slurry
Coal or other carbonaceous material is gasified by reaction with steam and oxygen in a manner to minimize the problems of effluent water stream disposal. The condensate water from the product gas is recycled to slurry the coal feed and the amount of additional water or steam added for cooling or heating is minimized and preferably kept to a level of about that required to react with the carbonaceous material in the gasification reaction. The gasification is performed in a pressurized fluidized bed with the coal fed in a water slurry and preheated or vaporized by indirect heat exchange contact with product gas and recycled steam. The carbonaceous material is conveyed in a gas-solid mixture from bottom to top of the pressurized fluidized bed gasifier with the solids removed from the product gas and recycled steam in a supported moving bed filter of the resulting carbonaceous char. Steam is condensed from the product gas and the condensate recycled to form a slurry with the feed coal carbonaceous particles.
Forney, Albert J. (Coraopolis, PA); Haynes, William P. (Pittsburgh, PA)
Innovative technologies for recycling contaminated concrete and scrap metal
Decontamination and decommissioning of US DOE`s surplus facilities will generate enormous quantities of concrete and scrap metal. A solicitation was issued, seeking innovative technologies for recycling and reusing these materials. Eight proposals were selected for award. If successfully developed, these technologies will enable DOE to clean its facilities by 2019.
Bossart, S.J. [USDOE Morgantown Energy Technology Center, WV (United States); Moore, J. [USDOE Oak Ridge Operations Office, TN (United States)
EA-1919: Recycle of Scrap Metals Originating from Radiological Areas
This Programmatic EA evaluates alternatives for the management of scrap metal originating from DOE radiological control areas, including the proposed action to allow for the recycle of uncontaminated scrap metal that meets the requirements of DOE Order 458.1. (Metals with volumetric radioactive contamination are not included in the scope of this Programmatic EA.)
The recycling of the coal fly ash in glass production
The recycling of fly ash obtained from the combustion of coal in thermal power plant has been studied. Coal fly ash was vitrified by melting at 1773 K for 5 hours without any additives. The properties of glasses produced from coal fly ash were investigated by means of Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. DTA study indicated that there was only one endothermic peak at 1003 K corresponding to the glass transition temperature. XRD analysis showed the amorphous state of the glass sample produced from coal fly ash. SEM investigations revealed that the coal fly ash based glass sample had smooth surface. The mechanical, physical and chemical properties of the glass sample were also determined. Recycling of coal fly ash by using vitrification technique resulted to a glass material that had good mechanical, physical and chemical properties. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results showed that the heavy metals of Pb, Cr, Zn and Mn were successfully immobilized into the glass. It can be said that glass sample obtained by the recycling of coal fly ash can be taken as a non-hazardous material. Overall, results indicated that the vitrification technique is an effective way for the stabilization and recycling of coal fly ash.
Erol, M.M.; Kucukbayrak, S.; Ersoy-Mericboyu, A. [Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul (Turkey). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
Impact of increased electric vehicle use on battery recycling infrastructure
State and Federal regulations have been implemented that are intended to encourage more widespread use of low-emission vehicles. These regulations include requirements of the California Air Resources Board (CARB) and regulations pursuant to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and the Energy Policy Act. If the market share of electric vehicles increases in response to these initiatives, corresponding growth will occur in quantities of spent electric vehicle batteries for disposal. Electric vehicle battery recycling infrastructure must be adequate to support collection, transportation, recovery, and disposal stages of waste battery handling. For some battery types, such as lead-acid, a recycling infrastructure is well established; for others, little exists. This paper examines implications of increasing electric vehicle use for lead recovery infrastructure. Secondary lead recovery facilities can be expected to have adequate capacity to accommodate lead-acid electric vehicle battery recycling. However, they face stringent environmental constraints that may curtail capacity use or new capacity installation. Advanced technologies help address these environmental constraints. For example, this paper describes using backup power to avoid air emissions that could occur if electric utility power outages disable emissions control equipment. This approach has been implemented by GNB Technologies, a major manufacturer and recycler of lead-acid batteries. Secondary lead recovery facilities appear to have adequate capacity to accommodate lead waste from electric vehicles, but growth in that capacity could be constrained by environmental regulations. Advances in lead recovery technologies may alleviate possible environmental constraints on capacity growth.
Vimmerstedt, L.; Hammel, C. [National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States); Jungst, R. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Analysis of nuclear proliferation resistance reprocessing and recycling technologies
The PUREX process has been progressively and continuously improved during the past three decades, and these improvements account for successful commercialization of reprocessing in a few countries. The renewed interest in nuclear energy and the international growth of nuclear electricity generation do not equate � and should not be equated -with increasing proliferation risks. Indeed, the nuclear renaissance presents a unique opportunity to enhance the culture of non-proliferation. With the recent revival of interest in nuclear technology, technical methods for prevention of nuclear proliferation are being revisited. Robust strategies to develop new advanced separation technologies are emerging worldwide for sustainability and advancement of nuclear energy with enhanced proliferation resistance. On the other hand, at this moment, there are no proliferation resistance advanced technologies. . Until now proliferation resistance as it applies to reprocessing has been focused on not separating a pure stream of weapons-usable plutonium. France, as an example, has proposed a variant of the PUREX process, the COEX TM process, which does not result on a pure plutonium product stream. A further step is to implement a process based on group extraction of actinides and fission products associated with a homogeneous recycling strategy (UNEX process in the US, GANEX process in France). Such scheme will most likely not be deployable on an industrial scale before 2030 or so because it requires intensive R&D and robust flowsheets. Finally, future generation recycling schemes will handle the used nuclear fuel in fast neutron reactors. This means that the plutonium throughput of the recycling process may increase. The need is obvious for advanced aqueous recycling technologies that are intrinsically more proliferation resistant than the commercial PUREX process. In this paper, we review the actual PUREX process along with the advanced recycling technologies that will enhance technical barriers, making plutonium diversion more difficult by not isolating plutonium or/and coexistence of fission products with plutonium.
Patricia Paviet-Hartmann; Gary Cerefice; Marcela Stacey; Steven Bakhtiar
Resolution in Support of the Responsible Electronics Recycling Act (HR2284/S1270) By Wisconsin Council on Recycling
WHEREAS the US EPA reported that over 2.3 million tons of e-waste i were generated in the US in 2009; WHEREAS Wisconsin recognized the need to actively and responsibly recycle electronic waste (e-waste) by passing 2009 Wisconsin Act 50 ii, now known as �E-Cycle Wisconsin�; WHEREAS a major goal of this statewide legislation is to divert as much e-waste from land disposal to responsible recovery and recycling; WHEREAS investigative reports by 60 Minutes iii, Frontline iv, Business Week v, National Geographic vi and other respected news organizations traced e-waste claimed to be responsibly recycled in the US to China and Africa where primitive processing technologies and methods were employed to recover metals from electronics while hazardous materials were burned off or disposed in open dumps- this practice offshores recycling jobs, poisons communities in developing countries, and threatens national security; WHEREAS the US General Accountability Office vii led a review of the e-waste industry in 2008 and determined that �current U.S. regulatory controls do little to stem the export of potentially hazardous used electronics�; WHEREAS the E-Cycle Wisconsin program does not have the jurisdiction to restrict the export of
Building Green in Greensburg: 5.4.7 Arts Center
5.4.7 Arts Center 5.4.7 Arts Center Architecture students and faculty from the University of Kansas built the 5.4.7 Arts Center to make art accessible to everyone and to give aspiring artists a place to learn about the arts through classes, exhibits, and performances. The name 5.4.7 comes from the date the tornado devastated Greensburg, Kansas: May 4, 2007. It is the first building in Kansas to achieve a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED ® ) Platinum rating from the U.S. Green Building Council. ENERGY EFFICIENCY FEATURES * A south-facing building orientation maximizes winter heat gain and use of natural light * Well-insulated building envelope using cellulose insulation made from recycled newspapers maximizes energy efficiency * A tight north facade protects the building
RESRAD-RECYCLE : a computer model for analyzing radiation exposures resulting from recycling radioactively contaminated scrap metals or reusing ratioactively surface-contaminated materials and equipment.
RESRAD-RECYCLE is a computer code designed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) to be used in making decisions about the disposition of radioactively contaminated materials and scrap metals. It implements a pathway analysis methodology to evaluate potential radiation exposures resulting from the recycling of contaminated scrap metals and the reuse of surface-contaminated materials and equipment. For modeling purposes, it divides the entire metal recycling process into six steps: (1) scrap delivery, (2) scrap melting, (3) ingot delivery, (4) product fabrication, (5) product distribution, and (6) use of finished product. RESRAD-RECYCLE considers the reuse of surface-contaminated materials in their original forms. It contains representative exposure scenarios for each recycling step and the reuse process; users can also specify scenarios if desired. The model calculates individual and collective population doses for workers involved in the recycling process and for the public using the finished products. The results are then used to derive clearance levels for the contaminated materials on the basis of input dose restrictions. The model accounts for radiological decay and ingrowth, dilution and partitioning during melting, and distribution of refined metal in the various finished products, as well as the varying densities and geometries of the radiation sources during the recycling process. A complete material balance in terms of mass and radioactivity during the recycling process can also be implemented. In an international validation study, the radiation doses calculated by RESRAD-RECYCLE were shown to agree fairly well with actual measurement data.
Cheng, J. J.; Kassas, B.; Yu, C.; Arnish, J. J.; LePoire, D.; Chen, S.-Y.; Williams, W. A.; Wallo, A.; Peterson, H.; Environmental Assessment; DOE; Univ. of Texas
TARA Center Mae Daigaku Shokubutsu
and Cooperative Research Center (Plasma Research Center) (Helium Building) (Rectifier Building) (Generator
Tanaka, Jiro
Cleaning Out? Don't Forget to Recycle! | Department of Energy
Cleaning Out? Don't Forget to Recycle! Cleaning Out? Don't Forget to Recycle! Cleaning Out? Don't Forget to Recycle! January 24, 2013 - 5:30pm Addthis Recycling your old electronics is easy and good for the environment. | Photo by Nicki Johnson, NREL 15669. Recycling your old electronics is easy and good for the environment. | Photo by Nicki Johnson, NREL 15669. Kristin Swineford Communication Specialist, Weatherization and Intergovernmental Programs How can I participate? Next time you need to get rid of old electronics or lighting, find out about recycling opportunities in your area. We all know recycling isn't necessarily a new idea for being energy conscious, but it's important to remember just how useful and easy it actually is. We explore a myriad of different energy saving tips every day
Sustained Recycle in Light Water and Sodium-Cooled Reactors
From a physics standpoint, it is feasible to sustain recycle of used fuel in either thermal or fast reactors. This paper examines multi-recycle potential performance by considering three recycling approaches and calculating several fuel cycle parameters, including heat, gamma, and neutron emission of fresh fuel; radiotoxicity of waste; and uranium utilization. The first recycle approach is homogeneous mixed oxide (MOX) fuel assemblies in a light water reactor (LWR). The transuranic portion of the MOX was varied among Pu, NpPu, NpPuAm, or all-TRU. (All-TRU means all isotopes through Cf-252.) The Pu case was allowed to go to 10% Pu in fresh fuel, but when the minor actinides were included, the transuranic enrichment was kept below 8% to satisfy the expected void reactivity constraint. The uranium portion of the MOX was enriched uranium. That enrichment was increased (to as much as 6.5%) to keep the fuel critical for a typical LWR irradiation. The second approach uses heterogeneous inert matrix fuel (IMF) assemblies in an LWR - a mix of IMF and traditional UOX pins. The uranium-free IMF fuel pins were Pu, NpPu, NpPuAm, or all-TRU. The UOX pins were limited to 4.95% U-235 enrichment. The number of IMF pins was set so that the amount of TRU in discharged fuel from recycle N (from both IMF and UOX pins) was made into the new IMF pins for recycle N+1. Up to 60 of the 264 pins in a fuel assembly were IMF. The assembly-average TRU content was 1-6%. The third approach uses fast reactor oxide fuel in a sodium-cooled fast reactor with transuranic conversion ratio of 0.50 and 1.00. The transuranic conversion ratio is the production of transuranics divided by destruction of transuranics. The FR at CR=0.50 is similar to the CR for the MOX case. The fast reactor cases had a transuranic content of 33-38%, higher than IMF or MOX.
Steven J. Piet; Samuel E. Bays; Michael A. Pope; Gilles J. Youinou
Economic Feasibility of Electrochemical Caustic Recycling at the Hanford Site
This report contains a review of potential cost benefits of NaSICON Ceramic membranes for the separation of sodium from Hanford tank waste. The primary application is for caustic recycle to the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) pretreatment leaching operation. The report includes a description of the waste, the benefits and costs for a caustic-recycle facility, and Monte Carlo results obtained from a model of these costs and benefits. The use of existing cost information has been limited to publicly available sources. This study is intended to be an initial evaluation of the economic feasibility of a caustic recycle facility based on NaSICON technology. The current pretreatment flowsheet indicates that approximately 6,500 metric tons (MT) of Na will be added to the tank waste, primarily for removing Al from the high-level waste (HLW) sludge (Kirkbride et al. 2007). An assessment (Alexander et al. 2004) of the pretreatment flowsheet, equilibrium chemistry, and laboratory results indicates that the quantity of Na required for sludge leaching will increase by 6,000 to 12,000 MT in order to dissolve sufficient Al from the tank-waste sludge material to maintain the number of HLW canisters produced at 9,400 canisters as defined in the Office of River Protection (ORP) System Plan (Certa 2003). This additional Na will significantly increase the volume of LAW glass and extend the processing time of the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP). Future estimates on sodium requirements for caustic leaching are expected to significantly exceed the 12,000-MT value and approach 40,000-MT of total sodium addition for leaching (Gilbert, 2007). The cost benefit for caustic recycling is assumed to consist of four major contributions: 1) the cost savings realized by not producing additional immobilized low-activity waste (ILAW) glass, 2) caustic recycle capital investment, 3) caustic recycle operating and maintenance costs, and 4) research and technology costs needed to deploy the technology. In estimating costs for each of these components, several parameters are used as inputs. Due to uncertainty in assuming a singular value for each of these parameters, a range of possible values is assumed. A Monte Carlo simulation is then performed where the range of these parameters is exercised, and the resulting range of cost benefits is determined.
Poloski, Adam P.; Kurath, Dean E.; Holton, Langdon K.; Sevigny, Gary J.; Fountain, Matthew S.
Center to someone by E-mail Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search All Laws & Incentives Sorted by Type Local Laws and Incentives There are a variety of local laws and incentives that support reducing U.S. petroleum consumption by encouraging or requiring individuals and/or public and private organizations to use alternative fuels, advanced vehicles, and strategies to decrease fuel use or increase fuel economy. Local city and county governments create such laws and incentives to ensure people use
Center to someone by E-mail Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search All Laws & Incentives Sorted by Type Recent Federal Actions This list includes recent federal actions, such as Federal Register notices and rulemaking actions, agency directives or agency communications, that are all publicly available. These actions relate to alternative fuels and vehicles, fuel blends, hybrid vehicles, and idle reduction and fuel economy measures. When rulemakings are finalized, they will move to the list of
Well-centered meshing.
??A well-centered simplex is a simplex whose circumcenter lies in its interior, and a well-centered mesh is a simplicial mesh in which every simplex is� (more)
Vanderzee, Evan B.
RECEIVING CENTRAL GROUNDS FIELD HOUSE MORRIS GLENN PLANT #2 CHILL CENTER HEALTH HARTSHORN LORY B-WING GUGGEN- HEIM Theatre LSC GREENHOUSES QUONSETS N S HOLLEY PLANT ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER LAKE SUBSTATION
WIPP - Joint Information Center
The Joint Information Center is located at 4021 National Parks Highway in Carlsbad, N.M. Joint Information Center In the unlikely event of an emergency, the WIPP Joint Information...
Center to someone by E-mail Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search All Laws & Incentives Sorted by Type Expired, Repealed, and Archived Federal Incentives and Laws The following is a list of expired, repealed, and archived incentives, laws, regulations, funding opportunities, or other initiatives related to alternative fuels and vehicles, advanced technologies, or air quality. Value-Added Producer Grants (VAPG) Archived: 12/31/2012
Tools Tools Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... Truckstop Electrification Truck Stop Electrification Locator Locate truck stops with electrification sites. Click on a location on the map for site details. A U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Source: Alternative Fuels Data Center dditional Resources View list of electrification sites in the U.S. by state. Learn more about idle reduction techniques.
Live Chat with the EERE Information Center | Department of Energy
Live Chat with the EERE Information Center Live Chat with the EERE Information Center Live Chat with the EERE Information Center December 6, 2010 - 6:30am Addthis Amy Foster Parish If you're an Energy Savers blog reader, hopefully you're also taking the opportunity to comment on the posts you read. Not only do the Energy Savers bloggers love to hear your feedback and answer your questions, commenting on the posts gives you a great opportunity to interact online with other folks who are really interested in energy efficiency and renewable energy. Heck, your comments might even make you famous if they end up in the Comment Spotlight as part of the blog's regular This Month on Energy Savers posts. What you might not know is that participating in the Energy Savers blog isn't the only way you can find help with your energy efficiency or
Atomic Spectroscopy Data Center
Atomic Spectroscopy Data Center. Summary: ... Atomic Spectroscopy Data Webpage. End Date: ongoing. Lead Organizational Unit: physlab. Contact. ...
Center Office Staff
Center Office Staff. Senior Management. ... Donna Lauren, Senior Management Advisor Donna Lauren is the Senior Management Advisor for CNST. ...
Data center reference lists
Data Center Publications. Use the following form to retrieve a list of references to critical compilations, databases, reviews ...
Live Working Resource Center
This report is a summary of work performed in 2008 on the EPRI Live Working Resource Center (LWRC) web site.
Johns Manville Technical Center
Johns Manville Technical Center. NVLAP Lab Code: 100425-0. Address and Contact Information: 10100 West Ute Avenue ...
The Portal Post Newsletter - Energy Innovation Portal
Bookmark The Portal Post Newsletter - Energy Innovation Portal on Google; Bookmark The Portal Post Newsletter - Energy Innovation Portal on Delicious;
Magnesium: Digital Resource Center - BOOK: Magnesium ...
Feb 9, 2007 ... Presents papers related to primary production and market; recycling and environmental issues; alloy development; phase transformations;�...
Medicine and Medical Center
Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center (FM/AUBMC) #12;370 Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center (FM/AUBMC) Graduate Catalogue 201314 Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center (FM/AUBMC) Officers Vice President for Medical Affairs and the Raja N. Khuri Dean of the Faculty of Medicine Ziyad Ghazzal
Louisiana Transportation Research Center
Louisiana Transportation Research Center LTRC www.ltrc.lsu.edu 2012-13 ANNUALREPORT #12;The Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC) is a research, technology transfer, and training center administered jointly by the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (DOTD) and Louisiana State
Harms, Kyle E.
Data center evolution
Data centers form a key part of the infrastructure upon which a variety of information technology services are built. As data centers continue to grow in size and complexity, it is desirable to understand aspects of their design that are worthy of carrying ... Keywords: Data center, Ethernet, InfiniBand, Power management, Solid state storage, Virtualization
Krishna Kant
Energy Technology Engineering Center
Technology Engineering Center Technology Engineering Center 41 00 Guardian Street, Suite # 160 Simi Valley, CA 93063 Memorandum for: Gregory H. Woods General Council January 30, 2013 FROM: John Jones EL\= Federal Proje� irector Energy Technology Engineering Center (ETEC) Project Office SUBJECT: Annual National Environmental Policy Act {NEPA) Planning Summary Attached is the 2013 Annual NEPA Planning Summary for the ETEC Project Office.
NEHRP - Post-Earthquake Investigations
... ASCE) policies and procedures for conducting post-disaster ... experts to collect data from the event. ... of earthquake-related investigations prepared by ...
RECYCLING GALVANIZED STEEL: OPERATING EXPERIENCE AND BENEFrI'S
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
RECYCLING RECYCLING GALVANIZED STEEL: OPERATING EXPERIENCE AND BENEFrI'S Frederick J. Dudek Edward J. Daniels Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA William A. Morgan 415 E. 151st Street Metal Recovery Industries U.S., Inc. East Chicago, Indiana 46312, USA DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsi- bility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Refer- ence herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise
The Source of Airborne Lead: Recycling Pb-Contaminated Soils
The Source of Airborne Lead: Recycling The Source of Airborne Lead: Recycling Pb-Contaminated Soils Starting in the 1970s, federal regulatory control and eventual elimination of lead-based "anti-knock" additives in gasoline decreased the level of airborne Pb in the USA by two orders-of-magnitude [1]. Blood lead levels of the USA figure 1 Figure 1. The good, the bad, and the ugly. Ambient airborne particulate matter captured on filters of woven silica fiber (large strips) and TeflonTM (round). Clean fiber filter at bottom for comparison. Take a deep breath? population decreased correspondingly [2,3]. Despite this dramatic improvement in both exposure risk and body burden of Pb, the sources and health threat of the low levels of lead in our "unleaded" air remain topics
Development of international exemption principles for recycle and reuse
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has been investigating the possibility of exempting certain radiation sources and practices from regulatory control as an extension of its earlier work in the area of de minimis. Because of the potential value of scrap materials recovered during decommissioning of commercial reactors, and because of national and international efforts to minimize radioactive wastes, exemption criteria for recycle and reuse have gained attention. The IAEA has established basic principles for exemption that limit the radiation dose that individuals or population groups may receive from exempted practices or sources. This paper discusses the recent IAEA Advisory Group's recommendations on principles for radiation practices and sources in the recycling of retired components and materials from nuclear facilities. The background of the Advisory Group's work is discussed, then its methods and preliminary recommendations are summarized. Finally, a similar effort sponsored by the Commission of the European Communities is summarized and compared to the IAEA approach. 8 refs., 3 tabs.
Kennedy, W.E. Jr. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (USA))
A Novel Charge Recycling Approach to Low-Power
A novel charge-recycling scheme has been designed and implemented to demonstrate the feasibility of operating digital circuits using the charge scavenged from the leakage and dynamic load currents inherent to digital logic. The proposed scheme uses capacitors to efficiently recover the ground-bound charge and to subsequently boost the capacitor voltage to power up the source circuit. This recycling methodology has been implemented on a 12-bit Gray-code counter within a 12-bit multichannel Wilkinson ADC. The circuit has been designed in 0.5 m BiCMOS and in 90nm CMOS processes. SPICE simulation results reveal a 46 53% average reduction in the energy consumption of the counter. The total energy savings including the control generation aggregates to an average of 26 34%.
Ulaganathan, Chandradevi [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Britton Jr, Charles L [ORNL; Holleman, Jeremy [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Blalock, Benjamin [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK)
CANMET CO2 Consortium - O2/CO2 Recycle Combustion
CANMET CO CANMET CO 2 Consortium - O 2 /CO 2 Recycle Combustion Background The mission of the U.S. Department of Energy/National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL) Existing Plants, Emissions & Capture (EPEC) Research & Development (R&D) Program is to develop innovative environmental control technologies to enable full use of the nation's vast coal reserves, while at the same time allowing the current fleet of coal-fired power plants to comply with existing and emerging environmental
Recycle of iodine-loaded silver mordenite by hydrogen reduction
In 1977 and 1978, workers at Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) developed and tested a process for the regeneration and reuse of silver mordenite, AgZ, used to trap iodine from the dissolver off-gas stream of a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant. We were requested by the Airborne Waste Management Program Office of the Department of Energy to perform a confirmatory recycle study using repeated loadings at about 150/sup 0/C with elemental iodine, each followed by a drying step at 300/sup 0/C, then by iodine removal using elemental hydrogen at 500/sup 0/C. The results of our study show that AgZ can be recycled. There was considerable difficulty in stripping the iodine at 500/sup 0/C.; however, this step went reasonably well at 550/sup 0/C or slightly higher, with no apparent loss in the iodine-loading capacity of the AgZ. Large releases of elemental iodine occurred during the drying stage and the early part of the stripping stage. Lead zeolite, which was employed in the original design to trap the HI produced, is ineffective in removal of I/sub 2/. The process needs modification to handle the iodine. Severe corrosion of the stainless steel components of the system resulted from the HI-I/sub 2/-H/sub 2/O mixture. Monel or other halogen-resistant materials need to be examined for this application. Because of difficulty with the stripping stage and with corrosion, the experiments were terminated after 12 cycles. Thus, the maximum lifetime (cycles) of recycle AgZ has not been determined. Mechanistic studies of iodine retention by silver zeolites and of the behavior of silver atoms on the reduction stage would be of assistance in optimizing silver mordenite recycle.
Burger, L.L.; Scheele, R.D.
Linear lattice modeling of the recycler ring at Fermilab
Substantial differences are found in tunes and beta functions between the existing linear model and the real storage ring. They result in difficulties when tuning the machine to new lattice conditions. We are trying to correct the errors by matching the model into the real machine using Orbit Response Matrix (ORM) Fit method. The challenges with ORM particularly in the Recycler ring and the results are presented in this paper.
Xiao, Meiqin; Valishev, Alexander; Nagaslaev, Vladimir P.; /Fermilab; Sajaev, Vadim; /Argonne
Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste?recycling Wastewater
Food waste?recycling (FWR) wastewater was evaluated as feedstock for two?stage anaerobic digestion at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The FWR wastewater tested contained high concentrations of organic materials and had chemical oxygen demand (COD) >130 g/L and volatile solids (VS) >55 g/L. Two identical two?stage anaerobic digesters were operated to investigate the performance at six HRTs ranging from 10�25 days. In the acidogenic reactor
Gyuseong Han; Seung Gu Shin; Juntaek Lim; Minho Jo; Seokhwan Hwang
Recycling and surface erosion processes in contemporary tokamaks
A number of global models have recently had considerable success in describing recycling. These are briefly reviewed. It is shown that large gas concentrations can build up in the walls and that these concentrations are seriously affected by erosion and deposition processes and by deliberate gettering with titanium. Finally, the measurement of the concentration of hydrogen in probes is discussed as a means of measuring plasma edge characteristics.
McCracken, G.M.
Clean Critical Experiment Benchmarks for Plutonium Recycle in LWRs
Government laboratories and private industry in the U.S. and in other countries have carried out or initiated programs to study and evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of recycling plutonium. The experimental measurements program provides benchmark neutronics data for use in assessing the accuracy of neutronics analysis methods for slightly enriched uranium lattices and for mixed oxide lattices. The lattice pitches were selected to provide configurations that were undermoderated, near optimum...
Direct Solid-State Conversion of Recyclable Metals and Alloys
Friction Stir Extrusion (FSE) is a novel energy-efficient solid-state material synthesis and recycling technology capable of producing large quantity of bulk nano-engineered materials with tailored, mechanical, and physical properties. The novelty of FSE is that it utilizes the frictional heating and extensive plastic deformation inherent to the process to stir, consolidate, mechanically alloy, and convert the powders, chips, and other recyclable feedstock materials directly into useable product forms of highly engineered materials in a single step (see Figure 1). Fundamentally, FSE shares the same deformation and metallurgical bonding principles as in the revolutionary friction stir welding process. Being a solid-state process, FSE eliminates the energy intensive melting and solidification steps, which are necessary in the conventional metal synthesis processes. Therefore, FSE is highly energy-efficient, practically zero emissions, and economically competitive. It represents a potentially transformational and pervasive sustainable manufacturing technology for metal recycling and synthesis. The goal of this project was to develop the technological basis and demonstrate the commercial viability of FSE technology to produce the next generation highly functional electric cables for electricity delivery infrastructure (a multi-billion dollar market). Specific focus of this project was to (1) establish the process and material parameters to synthesize novel alloys such as nano-engineered materials with enhanced mechanical, physical, and/or functional properties through the unique mechanical alloying capability of FSE, (2) verifying the expected major energy, environmental, and economic benefits of FSE technology for both the early stage 'showcase' electric cable market and the anticipated pervasive future multi-market applications across several industry sectors and material systems for metal recycling and sustainable manufacturing.
Kiran Manchiraju
AISI waste oxide recycling program. Final technical report
In March 1995 AISI completed a five-year, $60 million collaborative development program on Direct Steelmaking cost-shared by DOE under the Metals Initiative. This program defined an energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly technology to produce hot metal for steelmaking directly from coal and iron ore pellets without incurring the high capital costs and environmental problems associated with traditional coke oven and blast furnace technology. As it becomes necessary to replace present capacity, this new technology will be favored because of reduced capital costs, higher energy efficiency, and lower operating costs. In April 1994, having failed to move forward with a demonstration plant for direct ironmaking, despite substantial efforts by both Stelco and Geneva Steel, an alternative opportunity was sought to commercialize this new technology without waiting until existing ironmaking capacity needed to be replaced. Recycling and resource recovery of steel plant waste oxides was considered an attractive possibility. This led to approval of a ten-month, $8.3 million joint program with DOE on recycling steel plant waste oxides utilizing this new smelting technology. This highly successful trial program was completed in December 1994. The results of the pilot plant work and a feasibility study for a recycling demonstration plant are presented in this final technical report.
Aukrust, E.; Downing, K.B.; Sarma, B.
Hydrogen recycle modeling and measurements in tokamaks and EBT
A model for hydrogen recycling developed for use in a Tokamak transport code is described and compared with measurements on ISXB and DITE. The model includes kinetic reflection of charge-exchange neutrals from the wall and deposition, thermal diffusion and desorption processes in the wall. In a Tokamak with a limiter, the inferred recycle coefficient of 0.9 to 1.0 is due primarily to reflection (0.8 to 0.9) with the remainder (0.1 to 0.2) being due to desorption. Laboratory experiments supply much of the data for the model and several areas are discussed where additional data are needed, such as reflection from hydrogen-loaded walls at low (approx. 100 eV) energy. Simulation of ISXB shows that the recently observed density decrease with neutral beam injection may be partially due to a decrease in recycling caused by hardening of the charge-exchange flux incident on the wall from the plasma. Modeling of isotopic exchange in DITE indicates the need for an ion-induced desorption process which responds on a timescale shorter than the wall thermal diffusion time.
EDI as a Treatment Module in Recycling Spent Rinse Waters
Recycling of the spent rinse water discharged from the wet benches commonly used in semiconductor processing is one tactic for responding to the targets for water usage published in the 1997 National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (NTRS). Not only does the NTRS list a target that dramatically reduces total water usage/unit area of silicon manufactured by the industry in the future but for the years 2003 and beyond, the NTRS actually touts goals which would have semiconductor manufacturers drawing less water from a regional water supply per unit area of silicon manufactured than the quantity of ultrapure water (UPW) used in the production of that same silicon. Achieving this latter NTRS target strongly implies more widespread recycling of spent rinse waters at semiconductor manufacturing sites. In spite of the fact that, by most metrics, spent rinse waters are of much higher purity than incoming municipal waters, recycling of these spent rinse waters back into the UPW production plant is not a simple, straightforward task. The rub is that certain of the chemicals used in semiconductor manufacturing, and thus potentially present in trace concentrations (or more) in spent rinse waters, are not found in municipal water supplies and are not necessarily removed by the conventional UPW production sequence used by semiconductor manufacturers. Some of these contaminants, unique to spent rinse waters, may actually foul the resins and membranes of the UPW system, posing a threat to UPW production and potentially even causing a shutdown.
Donovan, Robert P.; Morrison, Dennis J.
Control of surface composition and hydrogen recycling by plasma conditioning
Data from a laboratory simulator, TEXTOR, JET, and other tokamaks are used to show that oxygen and carbon surface impurities on the walls of plasma chambers are interrelated and can be manipulated by controlling the composition of the gas used for plasma surface conditioning. Not only can oxygen be reduced to low levels but carbon (and other elements) can be either removed or deposited and reacted with the substrate. In the case of carbon deposits, a thin metal-carbide layer can be formed or thicker deposits of elemental carbon can be made. Surface compositions can be reproduced easily and reversibly in a controlled way. Furthermore, these composition changes can alter the hydrogen recycling speed and plasma impurity levels by an order of magnitude or more. In the simulator we have related gas composition to surface composition changes and resulting recycling behavior. Surface oxygen levels can be reduced from 30 to less than 3 at. % in less than 45 min of discharge cleaning. Carbon and oxygen levels as well as those of other surface active impurities are interrelated. Examples are shown and discussed. Comparisons are made to show the changes in the hydrogen recycling behavior caused by various surface preparations (compositions).
Clausing, R.E.; Heatherly, L.
Tools Tools Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... Fuel Properties Search Fuel Properties Comparison Create a custom chart comparing fuel properties and characteristics for multiple fuels. Select the fuel and properties of interest. Select Fuels Clear all All Fuels Gasoline Diesel (No. 2) Biodiesel Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Electricity Ethanol Hydrogen Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Propane (LPG)
Electricity » Laws & Incentives Electricity » Laws & Incentives Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Electricity Basics Benefits & Considerations Stations Vehicles Laws & Incentives Federal Laws and Incentives for EVs The list below contains summaries of all Federal laws and incentives related to EVs. Incentives Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Tax Credit Fueling equipment for natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (propane),
Propane » Laws & Incentives Propane » Laws & Incentives Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Propane Basics Benefits & Considerations Stations Vehicles Laws & Incentives Federal Laws and Incentives for Propane (LPG) The list below contains summaries of all Federal laws and incentives related to Propane (LPG). Incentives Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Tax Credit Fueling equipment for natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (propane),
Biodiesel » Laws & Incentives Biodiesel » Laws & Incentives Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Biodiesel Basics Benefits & Considerations Stations Vehicles Laws & Incentives Federal Laws and Incentives for Biodiesel The list below contains summaries of all Federal laws and incentives related to Biodiesel. Incentives Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Tax Credit Fueling equipment for natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (propane),
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Hydrogen » Laws & Incentives Hydrogen » Laws & Incentives Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Hydrogen Basics Benefits & Considerations Stations Vehicles Laws & Incentives Federal Laws and Incentives for Hydrogen Fuel Cells The list below contains summaries of all Federal laws and incentives related to Hydrogen Fuel Cells. Incentives Alternative Fuel Tax Exemption Alternative fuels used in a manner that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
Tools Tools Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... Data Included in the Alternative Fuel Stations Download The following data fields are provided in the downloadable files for alternative fuel stations. Field Value Description fuel_type_code Type: string The type of alternative fuel the station provides. Fuel types are given as code values as described below: Value Description BD Biodiesel (B20 and above)
Conserve Fuel » Laws & Incentives Conserve Fuel » Laws & Incentives Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Biodiesel Electricity Ethanol Hydrogen Natural Gas Propane Emerging Fuels Fuel Prices Federal Laws and Incentives for Idle Reduction The list below contains summaries of all Federal laws and incentives related to Idle Reduction. Incentives Idle Reduction Technology Excise Tax Exemption Qualified on-board idle reduction devices and advanced insulation are
Natural Gas » Laws & Incentives Natural Gas » Laws & Incentives Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Natural Gas Basics Benefits & Considerations Stations Vehicles Laws & Incentives Federal Laws and Incentives for Natural Gas The list below contains summaries of all Federal laws and incentives related to Natural Gas. Incentives Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Tax Credit Fueling equipment for natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (propane),
Waste collection systems for recyclables: An environmental and economic assessment for the municipality of Aarhus (Denmark)
Recycling of paper and glass from household waste is an integrated part of waste management in Denmark, however, increased recycling is a legislative target. The questions are: how much more can the recycling rate be increased through improvements of collection schemes when organisational and technical limitations are respected, and what will the environmental and economic consequences be? This was investigated in a case study of a municipal waste management system. Five scenarios with alternative collection systems for recyclables (paper, glass, metal and plastic packaging) were assessed by means of a life cycle assessment and an assessment of the municipality's costs. Kerbside collection would provide the highest recycling rate, 31% compared to 25% in the baseline scenario, but bring schemes with drop-off containers would also be a reasonable solution. Collection of recyclables at recycling centres was not recommendable because the recycling rate would decrease to 20%. In general, the results showed that enhancing recycling and avoiding incineration was recommendable because the environmental performance was improved in several impact categories. The municipal costs for collection and treatment of waste were reduced with increasing recycling, mainly because the high cost for incineration was avoided. However, solutions for mitigation of air pollution caused by increased collection and transport should be sought.
Larsen, A.W., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljoevej, Building 113, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby (Denmark); Merrild, H.; Moller, J.; Christensen, T.H. [Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljoevej, Building 113, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby (Denmark)
Recycling Charge and Subsidy for Waste Packaging Containers in ...
Recycling of Fluorescent Lamp Glass into Clayey Ceramic
Design and analysis of recycled content sign blanks
This report documents a study of the feasibility of using sign blanks constructed of reclaimed materials instead of conventional high-grade plywood and aluminum. This study presents the engineering techniques necessary for judicious use of recycled materials in roadside sign applications. Various types of recycled materials were solicited from commercial manufacturers and subjected to an array of laboratory tests and numerical simulations. Materials that were received were manufactured from a variety of materials including high density polyethylene (HDPE), polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, and calcium carbonate. This study encompasses analysis, performance, and properties of tested materials. A total of seven recycled materials were tested in flexure, uni-axial tension, creep, free vibration, and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Corollaries of this study are development of performance-based specifications and a new design procedure for sign blanks. A preliminary design procedure is developed for two-pole supported and tee-pole supported sign substrates. The procedure is based on simple mechanics of materials bending formulae for a variety of deflection criteria. Design environmental loads are determined using ASCE 7-95 Minimum Design Loadsfor Buildings and Other Structures. A design example for a two-pole sign is performed for one of the recycled materials collected during the study. Adequacy of the preliminary design is checked using a finite element model of the structure in conjunction with a set of performance-based specifications. In addition, a combined laboratory and numerical procedure for duplicating wind induced vibrations is developed using a frequency domain-based method. Numerical simulation of a wind loading is carried out using two dynamic wind events. The response of several locations on the sign are recorded and converted to the frequency domain using fast Fourier transform. Simultaneously, a full-scale laboratory model is constructed and an electromechanical actuator is connected to the supporting structure. The laboratory structure is struck at the actuator connection with the same impact hammer used to analyze the field model. From a complex frequency response function an actuator time history is produced that elicits a structural response at a particular node that closely approximates the response obtained by finite element analysis. This procedure is capable of modeling dynamic response in the substrate to nearly any dynamic wind event, including impulse events caused by large highway vehicles. A brief listing of estimated cost for some of the recycled materials that were tested in the laboratory is included for quantities varying by order of magnitude from 1,000 to 1,000,000 sheets.
Harrison, Ben Frank
Development of Recycling Compatible Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives and Coatings
The objective of this project was the design of new water-based pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) products and coatings engineered for enhanced removal during the processing of recycled fiber. Research included the formulation, characterization, and performance measurements of new screenable coatings, testing of modified paper and board substrates and the design of test methods to characterize the inhibition of adhesive and coating fragmentation and relative removal efficiencies of developed formulations. This project was operated under the requirements that included commercially viable approaches be the focus, that findings be published in the open literature and that new strategies could not require changes in the methods and equipment used to produce PSA and PS labels or in the recycling process. The industrial partners benefited through the building of expertise in their company that they would not, and likely could not, have pursued if it had not been for the partnership. Results of research on water-based PSAs clearly identifies which PSA and paper facestock properties govern the fragmentation of the adhesive and provide multiple strategies for making (pressure-sensitive) PS labels for which the PSA is removed at very high efficiencies from recycling operations. The application of these results has led to the identification of several commercial products in Franklin International�s (industrial partner) product line that are recycling compatible. Several new formulations were also designed and are currently being scaled-up. Work on recycling compatible barrier coatings for corrugated containers examined the reinforcement of coatings using a small amount of exfoliated organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT). These OMMT/paraffin wax nanocomposites demonstrated significantly improved mechanical properties. Paraffin waxes containing clay were found to have significantly higher Young�s moduli and yield stress relative to the wax matrix, but the most impressive finding was the impact of the clay on the elongation at break; a nearly 400% increase was observed for a clay concentration of 0.5 wt.%. These coatings also demonstrate a number of other property enhancements, which make them a good candidate for continued research. Another approach explored in this research was the use of structured and self-cleaning surfaces. If the amount of coating utilized can be significantly reduced, the environmental impact is diminished.
Steven J. Severtson
Post-Retrofit Residential Assessments
This study examined a range of factors influencing energy consumption in households that had participated in residential energy-efficiency upgrades. The study was funded by a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy�s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and was conducted by faculty and staff of Portland State University Center for Urban Studies and Department of Economics. This work was made possible through the assistance and support of the Energy Trust of Oregon (ETO), whose residential energy-efficiency programs provided the population from which the sample cases were drawn. All households in the study had participated in the ETO Home Performance with Energy Star (HPwES) program. A number of these had concurrently pursued measures through other ETO programs. Post-retrofit energy outcomes are rarely investigated on a house-by-house basis. Rather, aggregate changes are ordinarily the focus of program impact evaluations, with deviation from aggregate expectations chalked up to measurement error, the vagaries of weather and idiosyncrasies of occupants. However, understanding how homes perform post-retrofit on an individual basis can give important insights to increase energy savings at the participant and the programmatic level. Taking a more disaggregated approach, this study analyzed energy consumption data from before and after the retrofit activity and made comparisons with engineering estimates for the upgrades, to identify households that performed differently from what may have been expected based on the estimates. A statistical analysis using hierarchal linear models, which accounted for weather variations, was performed looking separately at gas and electrical use during the periods before and after upgrades took place. A more straightforward comparison of billing data for 12-month periods before and after the intervention was also performed, yielding the majority of the cases examined. The later approach allowed total energy use and costs to be assessed but did not account for weather variation. From this statistical analysis, 18 study participants were selected and interviewed. The participants completed an in-home interview covering a range of topics, including changes in occupancy and additional changes to the homes that may have affected energy use. The goal of the interviews was to identify factors that may have contributed to unusual energy performance. These factors were identified by their frequency of occurrence in outperforming or underperforming homes, or simply by identifying factors that had the largest impact on overall savings. The motivations and levels of satisfaction with the outcomes of the upgrades were covered in detail, as well as extensive discussions of behaviors pertaining to thermal control, lighting, water, and appliance use. Most of cases studied achieved substantial energy savings, although it was more common for the projected savings to be greater than the demonstrated savings. Two factors that played a very large role in savings variation were 1) changes in occupancy and 2) fenestration improvements outside of the incentive programs. Motivation for pursuing the upgrades (e.g., environmental sustainability vs. comfort or cost savings) did not seem to play any role in achieving savings. Participants generally were more concerned with maintaining aesthetics through lighting than comfort through heating or cooling. They also seemed more likely to turn the lights off when leaving a room than to turn the heat off when leaving the home.
Lancaster, Ross; lutzenhiser, Loren; Moezzi, Mithra; Widder, Sarah H.; Chandra, Subrato; Baechler, Michael C.
Metal recycling experience at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Reuse, release, and recycle of metals from radiological control areas``
Approximately 15% of the Low-Level Waste (LLW) produced at Los Alamos consists of scrap metal equipment and materials. The majority of this material is produced by decommissioning and the modification of existing facilities. To reduce this waste stream, Department of Energy Headquarters, EM-77 Office, sponsored the Reuse, Recycle, and Release of Metals from Radiological Control Areas High Return on Investment (ROI) Project to implement recycle, reuse, and release of scrap metal at the laboratory. The goal of this project was to develop cost effective alternatives to LLW disposal of scrap metal and to avoid the disposal of 2,400 m{sup 3} of scrap metal. The ROI for this project was estimated at 948%. The ROI project was funded in March 1996 and is scheduled for completion by October 1997. At completion, a total of 2,400 m{sup 3} of LLW avoidance will have been accomplished and a facility to continue recycling activities will be operational. This paper will present the approach used to develop effective alternatives for scrap metal at Los Alamos and then discuss the tasks identified in the approach in detail. Current scrap metal inventory, waste projections, alternatives to LLW disposal, regulatory guidance, and efforts to institutionalize the alternatives to LLW disposal will be discussed in detail.
Gogol, S.
DOE Information Center DOE Information Center The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Information Center provides citizens a consolidated facility to obtain information and records related to the DOE's various programs in Oak Ridge and abroad. Employees at the DOE Information Center are available to assist with your requests and searches from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. (EST), Monday through Friday, except for federal holidays. Requests Documents can be requested in person or by telephone, email, or fax. Reproduction Please allow DOE Information Center staff adequate time to reproduce documents. Some material requires special handling, security reviews, etc. Delivery Unless special arrangements have been made with DOE Information Center staff, documents should be picked up during normal business hours.
Energy Efficient Data Centers
Energy Efficient Data Centers Energy Efficient Data Centers Title Energy Efficient Data Centers Publication Type Report LBNL Report Number LBNL-54163 Year of Publication 2004 Authors Tschudi, William F., Tengfang T. Xu, Dale A. Sartor, Jonathan G. Koomey, Bruce Nordman, and Osman Sezgen Call Number LBNL-54163 Abstract Data Center facilities, prevalent in many industries and institutions are essential to Californias economy. Energy intensive data centers are crucial to Californias industries, and many other institutions (such as universities) in the state, and they play an important role in the constantly evolving communications industry. To better understand the impact of the energy requirements and energy efficiency improvement potential in these facilities, the California Energy Commissions PIER Industrial Program initiated this project with two primary focus areas: First, to characterize current data center electricity use; and secondly, to develop a research roadmap defining and prioritizing possible future public interest research and deployment efforts that would improve energy efficiency.
Ann Arbor's New Recycling Trucks Get an 'Assist' from Clean Cities |
Ann Arbor's New Recycling Trucks Get an 'Assist' from Clean Cities Ann Arbor's New Recycling Trucks Get an 'Assist' from Clean Cities Ann Arbor's New Recycling Trucks Get an 'Assist' from Clean Cities August 18, 2010 - 2:22pm Addthis Peterbilt Model 320 Hybrid HLAs are being put to use in Ann Arbor, MI, where they will serve as recycling trucks. | Photo Courtesy of Peterbilt Motors Company Peterbilt Model 320 Hybrid HLAs are being put to use in Ann Arbor, MI, where they will serve as recycling trucks. | Photo Courtesy of Peterbilt Motors Company Joshua DeLung Hydraulics in vehicles - best known for bouncing cars and kneeling buses - are getting a serious look in Ann Arbor, Mich. The reasons - saving fuel and increasing the life of heavy-use vehicles. With the support of a $120,000 Recovery Act grant, Ann Arbor, Mich., deployed four recycling trucks with hydraulic hybrid power systems
Efficient Data Centers
Results and FindingsThis technical update provides an overview of airflow management using variable speed drives (VSDs) on direct expansion (DX) computer room air conditioners (CRACs), and particularly how reduced airflow can improve energy efficiency in data centers. VSDs on CRAC units coupled with good airflow management within a data center can have a dramatic impact on energy efficiency. Typically, a lot more cold air is circulated within conventional data centers ...
Lederman Science Center
Lederman Science Center: Fermilab Science for Kids and Educators LSC Home Plan a Visit DirectionsMap Exhibits: Overview - List - Physics Playground LSC Floorplan LSC Store...
operators, reliable building energy benchmark informationbenchmark the relative energy intensity of the various load components in a data center, several different, and often confusing, building
Center for Environmental Biotechnology
Technology Program, the Energy Resources Program, and the Climate Change and Carbon Management Program. The Center for Environmental Biotechnology, houses all of the Ecology...
BNL | Computational Science Center
Computational Science Center Home Research Support Areas Publications Staff EBC Environmental, Biological, and Computational Sciences Directorate CSC image CSC image CSC image CSC...
Solar Energy Research Center
Solar Energy Research Center PROJECT DESCRIPTION SERC rendering The SERC building will be a 39,000 gsf building designed to house research laboratories and offices devoted to...
LANSCE | Lujan Center | Resources
Laboratory Clean Room Laboratory For general questions, please contact the Lujan Center Clean Room Laboratory responsible: Jarek Majewski | firstname.lastname@example.com | 505.667.8840...
Alma Center Curriculum Development.
??This project was completed in order to fulfill the need of the Alma Center, a local non-profit organization committed to educating men with a hi� (more)
Dolney, Kathryn E
Information Center (Brochure)
This letter-fold brochure provides an overview of the tools, information, and partnership opportunities that the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Information Center offers.
Redesigning the data center
Faced with rising electricity costs, leading companies have begun revolutionizing the way data centers work, from the hardware to the buildings themselves.
Gregory Mone
technologies and alternative cooling systems. Chandrakanttechnologies and alternative cooling systems. Chandrakantand cooling coils, perhaps located outside of the data center could be an attractive alternative
NIST Child Care Center
... NIST Child Care Center Parent Handbook ... are planned across the curriculum in the areas of language arts, science, creative arts, math, music and ...
Energy Frontier Research Centers
Frontier Research Centers Science for our Nation's Energy Future US Department of Energy Office of Science www.energyfrontier.us 43 ABOVE: CFSES addresses safe, secure and...
IGPP: Astrophysics Research Center
IGPP Home IGPP Astrophysics IGPP Planetary Sciences IGPP Mini Grant Seminars Phone Book LLNL Home The LLNL Astrophysics Research Center, led by Kem Cook, serves the aims of...
IGPP Home IGPP Astrophysics IGPP Planetary Sciences IGPP Mini Grant Seminars Phone Book LLNL Home Geosciences: The IGPP Geosciences Research Center, headed by Lars Borg,...
Impacts of the Manufacturing and Recycling Stages on Battery Life Cycles
IMPACTS OF THE MANUFACTURING AND RECYCLING STAGES ON BATTERY IMPACTS OF THE MANUFACTURING AND RECYCLING STAGES ON BATTERY LIFE CYCLES J. B. Dunn 1 , L. Gaines 1 , M. Barnes 2 , and J.L. Sullivan 1 1 Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 362 Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USA 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University 157E Hammond Building University Park, PA 16802 Keywords: battery, materials, manufacturing, life cycle, recycling Abstract
Energy Center Center for Coal Technology Research
Production Gasification Power Plants Coking Liquid Fuels Environment Oxyfuels Byproducts Legislation Characteristics Infrastructures Railroads Waterways Gas Pipelines Power Grids Suite 326, Potter Engineering Center Infrastructure 6-4 6.3 The Midwest Power Grid 6-9 6.4 Midwest CO2 Gas Pipelines 6-15 6.5 References 6-18 #12
Fernández-Juricic, Esteban
Record of Decision, Tritium Supply and Recycling Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement
63877 63877 Tuesday December 12, 1995 Part VII Department of Energy Record of Decision; Tritium Supply and Recycling Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement; Notice 63878 Federal Register / Vol. 60, No. 238 / Tuesday, December 12, 1995 / Notices DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Record of Decision: Tritium Supply and Recycling Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement AGENCY: Department of Energy. ACTION: Record of Decision: Selection of Tritium Supply Technology and Siting of Tritium Supply and Recycling Facilities. SUMMARY: The Department of Energy (DOE) is issuing this Record of Decision regarding DOE's proposal for Tritium Supply and Recycling Facilities. The Department is making three simultaneous decisions. First, the Department will pursue a dual track on the two most promising tritium supply
Assuring the Continued Recycling of Light Metals in End-of ... - TMS
Jul 1, 2008 ... This article reviews issues and technologies in recycling, both current and future, with a focus on end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) and their�...
Acceptable Materials for Recycling at Colorado State University Mixed Paper -Acceptable Items
Acceptable Materials for Recycling at Colorado State University Mixed Paper - Acceptable Items - Acceptable Items Refrigerators Microwave ovens Electrical Equipment: computers, monitors, TV's, etc. Remember
LANL's sanitary facility can now recycle up to 300,000 gallons...
sanitary facility can now recycle up to 300,000 gallons of water daily | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation...
Impact of Recycling Stillage on Conversion of Dilute Sulfuric Acid Pretreated Corn Stover to Ethanol (Poster)
A description of methods and results from an experiment designed to assess the impact of process water recycle on corn stover-to-ethanol conversion process performance.
Mohagheghi, A.; Schell, D. J.
State of the Art in the Recycling of Waste Printed Wiring Boards
Water Recycling removal using temperature-sensitive hydronen
The overall objective of this project was to study the proposed Water Recycling/Removal Using Temperature-Sensitive Hydrogels. The main element of this technology is the design of a suitable hydrogel that can perform needed water separation for pulp and paper industry. The specific topics studied are to answer following questions: (a) Can water be removed using hydrogel from large molecules such as lignin? (b) Can the rate of separation be made faster? (c) What are the molecular interactions with hydrogel surface? (d) Can a hydrogel be designed for a high ionic strength and high temperature? Summary of the specific results are given.
Rana B. Gupta
Biological Kraft Chemical Recycle for Augmentation of Recovery Furnace Capacity
The chemicals used in pulping of wood by the kraft process are recycled in the mill in the recovery furnace, which oxidizes organics while simultaneously reducing sulfate to sulfide. The recovery furnace is central to the economical operation of kraft pulp mills, but it also causes problems. The total pulp production of many mills is limited by the recovery furnace capacity, which cannot easily be increased. The furnace is one of the largest sources of air pollution (as reduced sulfur compounds) in the kraft pulp mill.
Stuart E. Strand
Transverse instability of the antiproton beam in the Recycler Ring
The brightness of the antiproton beam in Fermilab's 8 GeV Recycler ring is limited by a transverse instability. This instability has occurred during the extraction process to the Tevatron for large stacks of antiprotons even with dampers in operation. This paper describes observed features of the instability, introduces the threshold phase density to characterize the beam stability, and finds the results to be in agreement with a resistive wall instability model. Effective exclusion of the longitudinal tails from Landau damping by decreasing the depth of the RF potential well is observed to lower the threshold density by up to a factor of two.
Prost, L.R.; Bhat, C.M.; Burov, A.; Crisp, J.; Eddy, N.; Hu, M.; Shemyakin, A.; /Fermilab
Northwestern University Transportation Center
Northwestern University Transportation Center 2011 Business Advisory Committee NUTC #12;#12;I have the pleasure of presenting our Business Advisory Committee members--a distinguished group of transportation industry lead- ers who have partnered with the Transportation Center in advancing the state of knowledge
Bustamante, Fabián E.
EPRI created the Live Working Resource Center web site to provide utilities the critical information they need to conduct live work safely and efficiently. This report is a summary of work performed in 2007 on the web site. See EPRI's Live Working Resource Center.
Alternative Fuels Data Center: About the Alternative Fuels Data Center
About About Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to Alternative Fuels Data Center: About the Alternative Fuels Data Center to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: About the Alternative Fuels Data Center on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: About the Alternative Fuels Data Center on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: About the Alternative Fuels Data Center on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: About the Alternative Fuels Data Center on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: About the Alternative Fuels Data Center on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: About the Alternative Fuels Data Center on AddThis.com... More in this section... Project Assistance News & Features
Introduction & History The Center for Nanoscale Science exploits
, and the control of light in nanostructures, Center activities involve forty eight students and post behavior of nanoscale systems with common themes of new materials synthesis and nano- fabrication, theory ferroelectric ferromagnetic, highly tunable dipole-spring ferroics, and other systems with new physical proper
Yener, Aylin
LANL: Superconductivity Technology Center
Sitemap | Lab Home | Phone Sitemap | Lab Home | Phone ABOUT LANL ContactsPhonebookPolicy CenterOrganizationMapsJobs Emergency NEWS LIBRARY JOBS Search Materials Physics & Applications: STC STC Home OUR FOCUS HTS Physics HTS Materials Development HTS Materials Processing Power Applications Electronic Materials FUTURE APPLICATIONS Biomedical Developments Magnetic Levitation Train MHD Ship CONTACTS Center Leader Ken Marken Program Administrator Brenda Espinoza Center Office Location: TA-03, Bdg. 0032, Rm. 141 Exploring technology at STC Superconductivity Technology Center (STC) The Superconductivity Technology Center (STC) coordinates a multidisciplinary program for research, development, and technology transfer in the area of high-temperature superconductivity. Our focus is on effective collaborations with American industry, universities, and other national laboratories to develop electric power and electronic device applications of high-temperature superconductors (HTS).
Federal Utility Partnership Working Group Federal Utility Partnership Working Group Will Lintner November 20, 2008 Williamsburg, VA 2 Why Data Centers? * Data centers are highly energy intensive and growing at a rapid rate - Consume 10 to 100 times more energy per square foot than typical office building * Data centers consumed about 45 billion kWh in 2005 and 61 billion kWh in 2006 - This accounts for nearly 1.2% and 1.5% of all U.S. electricity respectively * At current rate, power requirements for data centers could double in 5 years 3 Typical Data Center Energy Use Server Load /Computing Operations Cooling Equipment Power Conversions & Distribution 100 Units 33 Units Delivered 35 Units 4 4 Server Load/ Computing Operations Cooling Equipment Power Conversion & Distribution Alternative Power Generation * High voltage distribution
Safety - Blog posts | Data.gov
posts Safety DataTools Apps Challenges Resources Blogs Let's Talk Safety You are here Data.gov Communities Safety Blog Posts Author Posted after E.g., 2013-09-21 Apply Obama...
Multi-Recycling of Transuranic Elements in a Modified PWR Fuel Assembly
The nuclear waste currently generated in the United States is stored in spent fuel pools and dry casks throughout the country awaiting a permanent disposal solution. One efficient solution would be to remove the actinides from the waste and transmute these isotopes in a fast spectrum reactor. Currently this technology is unavailable on a commercial scale and a considerable amount of research and development is still required. An alternate solution is to reprocess and recycle the used fuel in thermal reactors, creating new fuel while reducing the amount of waste and its impact to the environment. This thesis examines the possibility of multi-recycling the transuranics (Pu, Np, Am, and Cm) in a standard pressurized water reactor (PWR). Two types of recycling strategies will be examined: one where Pu, Np, and Am are recycled (TRU-Cm) and a second where the previous isotopes as well as Cm are recycled (TRU+Cm). To offset the hardened neutron spectrum that results from the inclusion of the transuranics, a smaller fuel pin is employed to provide additional moderation. Computer simulations are used to model the in-reactor physics and long-term isotopic decay. Each fuel type is assessed based on the required U-235 enrichment, void coefficient, transuranic production/destruction, and radiotoxicity reduction as compared to a UOX and MOX assembly. It is found that the most beneficial recycling strategy is the one where all of the transuranics are recycled. The inclusion of Cm reduces the required U-235 enrichment, compared to the other multi-recycled fuel and, after a significant number of recycles, can result in the required enrichment to decrease. This fuel type also maintains a negative void coefficient for each recycle. The void coefficient of the fuel type without Cm becomes positive after the third cycle. The transmutation destruction of the two multi-recycled assemblies is less than that of a MOX assembly, but the transmutation efficiency of the multi-recycled assemblies exceeds the MOX assemblies. The radiotoxicity of both multi-recycled assemblies is significantly lower than the UOX and MOX with the TRU+Cm fuel being the lowest. When Curium is recycled only 28,000 years are required for the radiotoxicity of the waste to reach that of natural Uranium and when Cm is not recycled, the amount of time increases to 57,000 years.
Chambers, Alex
Data Center facilities, prevalent in many industries and institutions are essential to California's economy. Energy intensive data centers are crucial to California's industries, and many other institutions (such as universities) in the state, and they play an important role in the constantly evolving communications industry. To better understand the impact of the energy requirements and energy efficiency improvement potential in these facilities, the California Energy Commission's PIER Industrial Program initiated this project with two primary focus areas: First, to characterize current data center electricity use; and secondly, to develop a research ''roadmap'' defining and prioritizing possible future public interest research and deployment efforts that would improve energy efficiency. Although there are many opinions concerning the energy intensity of data centers and the aggregate effect on California's electrical power systems, there is very little publicly available information. Through this project, actual energy consumption at its end use was measured in a number of data centers. This benchmark data was documented in case study reports, along with site-specific energy efficiency recommendations. Additionally, other data center energy benchmarks were obtained through synergistic projects, prior PG&E studies, and industry contacts. In total, energy benchmarks for sixteen data centers were obtained. For this project, a broad definition of ''data center'' was adopted which included internet hosting, corporate, institutional, governmental, educational and other miscellaneous data centers. Typically these facilities require specialized infrastructure to provide high quality power and cooling for IT equipment. All of these data center types were considered in the development of an estimate of the total power consumption in California. Finally, a research ''roadmap'' was developed through extensive participation with data center professionals, examination of case study findings, and participation in data center industry meetings and workshops. Industry partners enthusiastically provided valuable insight into current practice, and helped to identify areas where additional public interest research could lead to significant efficiency improvement. This helped to define and prioritize the research agenda. The interaction involved industry representatives with expertise in all aspects of data center facilities, including specialized facility infrastructure systems and computing equipment. In addition to the input obtained through industry workshops, LBNL's participation in a three-day, comprehensive design ''charrette'' hosted by the Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) yielded a number of innovative ideas for future research.
Job Opportunities - Center for Transportation Analysis
Job Opportunities With CTA From time-to-time the CTA will post job openings for new staff members, post graduate positions (post graduate, post masters, and post doctoral), and...
Hazardous chemical waste abatement, reduction, reuse, and recycle
The aim of waste abatement, reduction, reuse, and recycle processes is to minimize the need for waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. In many cases, this can be accomplished in a cost-effective manner since the economics of recovery and reuse are often more favorable than the disposal of the waste and purchase of new raw material. Consequently, there is increasing interest in technologies that produce less waste and provide for the recovery of resources from some waste streams. This paper discusses some of these technologies. Waste abatement (the substitution of a new low-waste process or material to reduce waste quantities) is discussed, and four examples are given. Waste reduction or modification (decreasing wastes by housekeeping practices, concentration methods, or simple in-plant treatment) technologies are presented with a focus on metals recovery and waste volume reduction. Waste reuse (direct reuse of a waste as a raw material, either as is, or with minor modification) examples discussed include solvent reuse and the utilization of fly ash in structural materials. Waste recycle and recovery (the recovery of resources from waste streams through the application of reprocessing technologies) is discussed using examples of solvent recovery and drum reclamation.
Rodgers, B.R.
The US Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management, is participating with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is an evaluation of management alternatives for radioactive scarp metals. For this purpose, Argonne National Laboratory is assessing alternatives for radioactive scrap metals. For this purpose, Argonne National Laboratory is assessing environmental and societal implications of recycling and/or disposal process alternatives (with metal replacement). Findings will be presented in a report from the OECD Task Group. This paper focuses on the radiological risk assessment and dose estimate sensitivity analysis. A ``tiered`` concept for release categories, with and without use restrictions, is being developed. Within the tiers, different release limits may be indicated for specific groupings of radionuclides. Depending on the spectrum of radionuclides that are present and the level of residual activity after decontamination and/or smelting, the scrap may be released for unrestricted public use or for specified public uses, or it may be recycled within the nuclear industry. The conversatism of baseline dose estimates is examined, and both more realistic parameter values and protective measures for workers are suggested.
Murphie, W.E.; Lilly, M.J. III [USDOE Assistant Secretary for Environmental Restoration and Waste Management, Washington, DC (United States). Office of Environmental Restoration; Nieves, L.A.; Chen, S.Y. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)
Status of LLNL Hot-Recycled-Solid oil shale retort
We have investigated the technical and economic barriers facing the introduction of an oil shale industry and we have chosen Hot-Recycled-Solid (HRS) oil shale retorting as the primary advanced technology of interest. We are investigating this approach through fundamental research, operation of a 4 tonne-per-day, HRS pilot plant and development of an Oil Shale Process (OSP) mathematical model. Over the last three years, from June 1991 to June 1993, we completed a series of runs (H10--H27) using the 4-TPD pilot plant to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the HRS process and answer key scale-up questions. With our CRADA partners, we seek to further develop the HRS technology, maintain and enhance the knowledge base gained over the past two decades through research and development by Government and industry and determine the follow on steps needed to advance the technology towards commercialization. The LLNL Hot-Recycled-Solid process has the potential to improve existing oil shale technology. It processes oil shale in minutes instead of hours, reducing plant size. It processes all oil shale, including fines rejected by other processes. It provides controls to optimize product quality for different applications. It co-generates electricity to maximize useful energy output. And, it produces negligible SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} emissions, a non-hazardous waste shale and uses minimal water.
Baldwin, D.E.; Cena, R.J.
Superharmonic Injection Locked Quadrature LC VCO Using Current Recycling Architecture
Quadrature LO signal is a key element in many of the RF transceivers which tend to dominate today�s wireless communication technology. The design of a quadrature LC VCO with better phase noise and lower power consumption forms the core of this work. This thesis investigates a coupling mechanism to implement a quadrature voltage controlled oscillator using indirect injection method. The coupling network in this QVCO couples the two LC cores with their super-harmonic and it recycles its bias current back into the LC tank such that the power consumed by the coupling network is insignificant. This recycled current enables the oscillator to achieve higher amplitude of oscillation for the same power consumption compared to conventional design, hence assuring better phase noise. Mathematical analysis has been done to study the mechanism of quadrature operation and mismatch effects of devices on the quadrature phase error of the proposed QVCO. The proposed quadrature LC VCO is designed in TSMC 0.18 ?m technology. It is tunable from 2.61 GHz - 2.85 GHz with sensitivity of 240 MHz/V. Its worst case phase noise is -120 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The total layout area is 1.41 mm^2 and the QVCO core totally draws 3 mA current from 1.8 V supply.
Kalusalingam, Shriram
Teacher Resource Center
Teacher Resource Center: Putting It All Together Teacher Resource Center: Putting It All Together TRC Home TRC Fact Sheet Library Curricular Resources Science Fair Resources Bibliographies sciencelines The Best of sciencelines Archives Annotated List of URLs Catalog Teacher's Lounge Full Workshop Catalog Customized Workshops Scheduled Workshops Special Opportunities Teacher Networks Science Lab Fermilab Science Materials Samplers Order Form Science Safety Issues Tech Room Fermilab Web Resources The Teacher Resource Center provides a preview collection of K-12 instructional materials. TRC services include professional development workshops, consultation assistance, bibliographies and reference assistance. Educators have access to curriculum materials, books, multimedia, educational supply catalogs, periodicals and newsletters. The collection
NREL: Wind Research - The Denver Post Highlights the NWTC's New 5-MW
The Denver Post Highlights the NWTC's New 5-MW Dynamometer The Denver Post Highlights the NWTC's New 5-MW Dynamometer January 2, 2014 On January 2, a reporter from The Denver Post toured the new 5-megawatt dynamometer test facility at the National Wind Technology Center (NWTC). Denver Post Writer Mark Jaffe spoke with NWTC Center Director Fort Felker to learn more about how these innovative research capabilities can impact the wind industry as a whole. Read the full story . Officially dedicated in December, the new facility houses one of the largest dynamometers in the world, which offers advanced capabilities to test the mechanical and electrical power-producing systems of multimegawatt wind turbines in a controlled environment. The new dynamometer can also be directly connected to the electric grid or through a controllable grid
Battery resource assessment. Subtask II. 5. Battery manufacturing capability recycling of battery materials. Draft final report
Studies were conducted on the recycling of advanced battery system components for six different battery systems. These include: Nickel/Zinc, Nickel/Iron, Zinc/Chlorine, Zinc/Bromine, Sodium/Sulfur, and Lithium-Aluminum/Iron Sulfide. For each battery system, one or more processes has been developed which would permit recycling of the major or active materials. Each recycle process has been designed to produce a product material which can be used directly as a raw material by the battery manufacturer. Metal recoverabilities are in the range of 93 to 95% for all processes. In each case, capital and operating costs have been developed for a recycling plant which processes 100,000 electric vehicle batteries per year. These costs have been developed based on material and energy balances, equipment lists, factored installation costs, and manpower estimates. In general, there are no technological barriers for recycling in the Nickel/Zinc, Nickel/Iron, Zinc/Chlorine and Zinc/Bromine battery systems. The recycling processes are based on essentially conventional, demonstrate technology. The lead times required to build battery recycling plants based on these processes is comparable to that of any other new plant. The total elapsed time required from inception to plant operation is approximately 3 to 5 y. The recycling process for the sodium/sulfur and lithium-aluminum/sulfide battery systems are not based on conventional technology. In particular, mechanical systems for dismantling these batteries must be developed.
Pemsler, P.
CHEMICAL WASTE RECYCLING PROGRAM EMPTY CHEMICAL BOTTLES: which include all glass, plastic and metal bottles that
CHEMICAL WASTE RECYCLING PROGRAM EMPTY CHEMICAL BOTTLES: which include all glass, plastic and metal bottles that previously contained chemicals (hazardous or non-hazardous) are collected by CWS for recycling. Bottles should be dry and empty without chemical residue. Rinse and collect rinsate in chemical
Ungerleider, Leslie G.
Program on Technology Innovation: Controlled Recycling of Contaminated Materials for Nuclear Industry Uses
This report addresses opportunities to recycle materials in radioactive waste by decontamination and fabrication into new components for use in the nuclear industry. In particular, a novel approach called "controlled recycling" involves a procedure that controls the material during decontamination, metal processing and remanufacture into components for reuse in the nuclear industry.
Tax-versus-trading and efficient revenue recycling as issues for greenhouse gas abatement
Tax-versus-trading and efficient revenue recycling as issues for greenhouse gas abatement Final, climate policy, global Abstract. We give empirical welfare results for global greenhouse gas emission recycling together. #12;1. Introduction Designing policy mechanisms for abating greenhouse gas emissions
Pezzey, Jack
Precipitation Recycling Variability and Ecoclimatological Stability�A Study Using NARR Data. Part I: Central U.S. Plains Ecoregion
Precipitation recycling is one of the key mechanisms linking the land surface and atmospheric dynamics. This work explores the physical mechanisms that modulate precipitation recycling variability at the daily-to-intraseasonal time scales in the ...
Francina Dominguez; Praveen Kumar
Data Center Power Consumption
Center Power Consumption Center Power Consumption A new look at a growing problem Fact - Data center power density up 10x in the last 10 years 2.1 kW/rack (1992); 14 kW/rack (2007) Racks are not fully populated due to power/cooling constraints Fact - Increasing processor power Moore's law Fact - Energy cost going up 3 yr. energy cost equivalent to acquisition cost Fact - Iterative power life cycle Takes as much energy to cool computers as it takes to power them. Fact - Over-provisioning Most data centers are over-provisioned with cooling and still have hot spots November 2007 SubZero Engineering An Industry at the Crossroads Conflict between scaling IT demands and energy efficiency Server Efficiency is improving year after year Performance/Watt doubles every 2 years Power Density is Going Up
Dog Center of Gravity
Dog Center of Gravity Name: Dania Status: Student Grade: 9-12 Location: AZ Country: USA Date: NA Question: Currently in physics we are working with projectile motion. I am...
APS Conference Center
of the Argonne Guest House, a full-service, professionally-managed hotel and restaurant. For Conference Center information or reservations, call (630) 252-4913 or send an...
Data Centers and Servers
Data centers are one of the most energy-intensive building types, consuming 10 to 50 times the energy per floor space of a typical commercial office building.�Collectively, these spaces account for...
Lujan Center User Guide
materials. It was funded by DOE and constructed at the Lujan Center, coming on line in the summer of 2001. SMARTS provides an exciting range of capabilities for studying...
Content Value Center
Identifies and prioritizes emergent themes impacting AOCS members and other professionals involved with fats, oils and other bio-based sources. Content Value Center Governing Board annual aocs AOCS Governing Board fats history information materials oils
Technical Value Center
Identifies opportunities to increase awareness and utilization of AOCS Technical Services activities and products. Technical Value Center AOCS History and Governance about us aocs committees contact us division council fats governing board history
Networking Value Center
Identifies opportunities and structures that foster networking amongst participants for the purpose of building value into the experience. Networking Value Center AOCS History and Governance about us aocs committees contact us division council fat
Washington National Records Center
Washington National Records Center Washington D.C. 20404 Annette Black, IM-23, 301-903-3842 email@example.com John E. Davenport, Director Records Management Div. IM23270CC...
Electron Microscopy Center
Ewoldt, Z. Liang, R. Edwin Garcia, E. A. Stach, T. D. Sands (Purdue U. and Birck Nanotechnology Center); N. J. Zaluzec (Argonne-MSD-EMC) Diamond Nanowires and the Mechanism of...
EV Technical Center
March 2001 AQMD CONTRACT 00192 Project Number: TC-00-0101 Report Number: TC-00-0101-TR03 Electric Vehicle Technical Center Prepared by: Michel Wehrey Juan C. Argueta Julie M....
Center Scientists Assist Mexico
Center Scientists Assist Mexico The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) has approved funds for LBL to provide technical assistance to Mexico's Comisi-n Nacional de...
Potential GTCC LLW sealed radiation source recycle initiatives. National Low-Level Waste Management Program
The role of recycle oil in direct coal liquefaction process development
It has long been recognized that use of a recycle oil is a convenient and perhaps necessary feature of a practical direct coal liquefaction process. The recycle oil performs a number of important functions. It serves as a vehicle to convey coal into the liquefaction reactor and products from the reactor. It is a medium for mass and heat transfer among the solid, liquid, and gaseous components of the reactor inventory. It can act as a reactant or intermediate in the liquefaction process. Therefore, the nature of the recycle oil can have a determining effect on process configuration and performance, and the characterization of recycle oil composition and chemistry has been the subject of considerable interest. This paper discusses recycle oil characterization and its influence on the industrial development of coal liquefaction technology,
Burke, F.P.
Data Center Optimization Plan Federal Data Center Consolidation Initiative
Data Center Optimization Plan Data Center Optimization Plan Federal Data Center Consolidation Initiative Public Release 9.30.11 U.S. Department of Energy | Office of the Chief Information Officer 2 Federal Data Center Consolidation Initiative Department of Energy Data Center Optimization Plan Public Release - 09.30.11 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Agency Goals for Data Center Optimization .................................................................................... 5 3. Implementing Shared Services/Multi-tenancy ................................................................................. 5 4. Agency Approach, Rationale and Timeline ...................................................................................... 6
Progress in the development of recycling processes for electric vehicle batteries
Disposition of electric vehicle (EV) batteries after they have reached the end of their useful life is an issue that could impede the widespread acceptance of EVs in the commercial market. This is especially true for advanced battery systems where working recycling processes have not as yet been established. The DOE sponsors an Ad Hoc Electric Vehicle Battery Readiness Working Group to identify barriers to the introduction of commercial EVs and to advise them of specific issues related to battery reclamation/recycling, in-vehicle battery safety, and battery shipping. A Sub-Working Group on the reclamation/recycle topic has been reviewing the status of recycling process development for the principal battery technologies that are candidates for EV use from the near-term to the long-term. Recycling of near-term battery technologies, such as lead-acid and nickel/cadmium, is occurring today and it is believed that sufficient processing capacity can be maintained to keep up with the large number of units that could result from extensive EV use. Reclamation/recycle processes for midterm batteries are partially developed. Good progress has been made in identifying processes to recycle sodium/sulfur batteries at a reasonable cost and pilot scale facilities are being tested or planned. A pre-feasibility cost study on the nickel/metal hydride battery also indicates favorable economics for some of the proposed reclamation processes. Long-term battery technologies, including lithium-polymer and lithium/iron disulfide, are still being designed and developed for EVs, so descriptions for prototype recycling processes are rather general at this point. Due to the long time required to set up new, full-scale recycling facilities, it is important to develop a reclamation/recycling process in parallel with the battery technologies themselves.
Jungst, R.G.; Clark, R.P.
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Novelis ...
Jun 30, 2008 ... From this page, one can link to pages on a) environment, health, safety and quality, b) recycling, c) sustainability in action and d) community.
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Flow Studies ...
Jun 26, 2008 ... This 2004 circular presents the results of flow studies for recycling of 26 metal commodities, including chromium, magnesium, niobium,�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - REWAS'04 ...
Jun 25, 2008 ... This three volume set with 2954 pages contains the papers presented at REWAS '04, the Global Symposium on Recycling, Waste Treatment�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Industrial Ecology ...
Jun 18, 2010 ... The University of California - Irvine offers programs on recycling electronic waste. http://greenmat.soceco.uci.edu/ The Program in Industrial�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Srap Steel ...
Jul 3, 2008 ... The European Recycler's Exchange (EUX) is a member based world wide information exchange designed for companies and individuals who�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Materials ...
Jun 21, 2010 ... A 5-year multi-million dollar cooperative research program with the Vehicle Recycling Partnership and the American Plastics Council to�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Guidelines for ...
Jun 30, 2008 ... Newly revised and expanded in 2009. Helps aluminum recyclers and scrap suppliers prevent accidents and injuries due to moisture or�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Monico Alloys
Jul 1, 2008 ... Monico Alloys specializes in collecting and preparing superalloys for recycling. They offer a wide variety of commercially pure specialty metals,�...
Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center - Metals Handbook ...
Jul 1, 2008 ... The latest edition of this handbook contains new pages on recycling and life- cycle anaylsis. Processing of superalloy scrap is discussed.
Brookhaven Center (Bldg. 30), Science Education Center (Bldg...
Brookhaven Center (Bldg. 30), Science Education Center (Bldg. 438) & Berkner Hall (Bldg.488) Click the building photos to view a larger image. Download Map of BNL Central Campus...
NIST Posts Comments on Public Safety Communications ...
NIST Posts Comments on Public Safety Communications Network. From NIST Tech Beat: November 22, 2011. ...
Center for Intermodal Transportation Safety
Center for Intermodal Transportation Safety and Security Panagiotis Scarlatos, Ph.D., Director Transportation Safety and Security #12;Center for Intermodal Transportation Safety and Security Partners #12 evacuations · Tracking systems for hazardous materials Center for Intermodal Transportation Safety
Fernandez, Eduardo
Recovery Act Project Clears Portsmouth Switchyard, Benefits Community through Recycling
Project Clears Portsmouth Project Clears Portsmouth Switchyard, Benefits Community through Recycling PIKETON, Ohio - American Recovery and Reinvestment Act workers recently completed the demolition of structures in an electrical switchyard used to help power the Portsmouth Site's uranium enrichment processes for defense and commercial uses for nearly five decades. In the $28 million Recovery Act project completed safely and on schedule, workers demolished 160 towers as tall as 120 feet that were used to operate the X-533 Electrical Switchyard. The 20-acre complex was one of two high-voltage switchyards that together provided up to 2,200 megawatts of power - enough to light up New York City at the time the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffu- sion Plant was constructed in the 1950s. The remaining switch-
Recycle and reuse of oil-shale water
Oil shale processes require a substantial water supply and produce wastes in water-short areas. As such, wastewater processing and water reuse are required. In the article presented, wastewater treatment concepts were identified and evaluated that can renovate retort water for recycle as high-grade makeup water. Evaporation/concentration of the retort water is feasible when the seed-slurry scale-control process is utilized. Pilot evaporator tests confirmed that conclusion. The Resource Conservation Company developed retort-water treatment system was discussed, and the authors found it to have the following advantages: (1) high-quality distillate was produced; (2) it was immune to moderate fluctuations in wastewater composition; and (3) waste volumes were significantly reduced, thereby minimizing final disposal costs. (JMT)
Mukhopadhyay, D.; Fosberg, T.M.
Donor solvent coal liquefaction with bottoms recycle at elevated pressure
An improved process for liquefying solid carbonaceous materials wherein increased naphtha yields are achieved by effecting the liquefaction at a pressure within the range from about 1750 to about 2800 psig in the presence of recycled bottoms and a hydrogen-donor solvent containing at least 0.8 wt % donatable hydrogen. The liquefaction is accomplished at a temperature within the range from about 700.degree. to about 950.degree. F. The coal:bottoms ratio in the feed to liquefaction will be within the range from about 1:1 to about 5:1 and the solvent or diluent to total solids ratio will be at least 1.5:1 and preferably within the range from about 1.6:1 to about 3:1. The yield of naphtha boiling range materials increases as the pressure increases but generally reaches a maximum at a pressure within the range from about 2000 to about 2500 psig.
Bauman, Richard F. (Houston, TX); Taunton, John W. (Seabrook, TX); Anderson, George H. (Houston, TX); Trachte, Ken L. (Baytown, TX); Hsia, Steve J. (Friendswood, TX)
Removal of sulfur from recycle gas streams in catalytic reforming
This patent describes improvement in a process for catalytically reforming a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock boiling in the gasoline range, wherein the reforming is conducted in the presence of hydrogen in a reforming process unit under reforming conditions, the process unit comprised of serially connected reactors, each of the reactors containing a reforming catalyst, and which process unit also includes a regeneration circuit for regenerating the catalyst after it becomes coked, the regeneration comprising treatment with a sulfur containing gas, and which process unit also includes a gas/liquid separator wherein a portion of the gas is recycled and the remaining portion is collected as make-gas. The improvement comprises using a sulfur trap, containing a catalyst comprised of about 10 to about 70 wt. % nickel dispersed on a support, between the gas/liquid separator and the first reactor.
Boyle, J.P.
Design and analysis of a recycled plastic noise barrier
This report documents a study of the feasibility of using soundwalls constructed of recycled plastics in place of conventional building materials. Important considerations in selecting materials used in this study include: environmental impact, acoustics, aesthetics, performance, safety, and cost. Various recycled materials were solicited from commercial manufacturers and subjected to a number of laboratory and field tests. These tests include three-point bending tests, impact hammer excitations, exposure to different types of weather, and experimentation with a variety of connections. Based on those results, several of the most promising materials were selected for construction of a full-scale installation of a test section of a soundwall at the Riverside Campus of Texas A&M University. This field section was monitored for a period of one year for response to environmental factors such as wind and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Analysis of the field structure includes system identification of dynamic characteristics, finite element simulation, and acoustic performance. Acoustic results show that noise insertion loss of the prototype soundwall is exceptional. As for structural integrity, the prototype soundwall performed adequately over the course of the project with only a few members showing detrimental effects from the harsh thermal environment. System identification and experimental analysis of test data were successfully implemented and indicate that the soundwall is moderately wind sensitive. A finite element model of the soundwall was developed to simulate both static and dynamic response to loads. Using methods of modal superposition and random response, deflection was predicted for the top of the wall due to application of a strong wind event.
Esche, Steven Todd
SWP Carbon Sequestration Training Center
Training Center Presentation, October 2010 SWP Carbon Sequestration Training Center Principal Investigators: New Mexico Tech, Andrew Campbell and Peter Mozley University of Utah,...
Center for Transportation Analysis Overview
Center for Transportation Analysis Overview The mission of the Center for Transportation Analysis (CTA) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is to provide solutions for assuring...
Business Center for Precious Metals
Department of Energy Business Center for Precious Metals Department of Energy Business Center for Precious Metals Becky Eddy National Nuclear Security Administration Y-12 Site...
Lederman Science Center: Visitor's Handout
Welcome Students Visitors Fermilab Ed Site Search Google Custom Search Lederman Science Center: Visitor's Handout Read this to make your visit to the exhibits at the Science Center...
Center HQs: Yorktown Heights, NY Project Location: Research Triangle Park, NC Reducing Data Center Cooling Energy through Software-Based Management Tools. The project will develop...
New NIST Child Care Center
New NIST Child Care Center: The FY2009 appropriations included $7.2M for a new NIST Child Care Center. Will expand ...
Conference Center Lecture Hall
401 Library Take the elevators downstairs to the Gallery. 401 Library Take the elevators downstairs to the Gallery. Conference Center Lecture Hall The Lecture Hall is a fully-equipped site for meetings of up to 540 people. This total includes: 237 seats on the Lecture Hall main level; 161 seats in the Lecture Hall balcony; and 142 seats in the two flexible rooms under the balcony (with interior walls removed). These rooms can also be used for meetings, both individually (32 classroom-style seats) or together (72 classroom-style seats). An additional 80 people can be seated in the nearby seminar room (A1100). Photo of the Conference Center's Lecture Hall Conference Center Gallery Seminar Room (A1101) The Seminar Room is located just off the Atrium. Conference Center Lecture Hall Atrium The Conference Center Atrium provides an open, elegant space ideal for registration, informational displays, and social hours. Computers are located just off the Atruim for e-mail access.
ARM - News Center
Center Center Media Contact Lynne Roeder lynne-dot-roeder-at-pnnl-dot-gov @armnewsteam Field Notes Blog Topics Field Notes89 AGU 3 AMIE 10 ARM Aerial Facility 2 ARM Mobile Facility 1 6 ARM Mobile Facility 2 47 BAECC 1 BBOP 4 MAGIC 12 MC3E 17 SGP 2 STORMVEX 29 TCAP 3 Search News Search Blog News Center All Categories What's this? Social Media Guidance News Center All Categories Features and Releases Facility News Field Notes Blog feed Events feed Employment Research Highlights Data Announcements Education News Archive What's this? Social Media Guidance News Center Forecast Calls for Better Models: Examining the Core Components of Arctic Clouds to Clear Their Influence on Climate Jan 07, 2014 [ Research Highlights ] Predicting how atmospheric aerosols influence cloud formation and the resulting feedback to climate is a challenge that limits the accuracy of atmospheric models. This is especially true in the Arctic, where mixed-phase (both ice- and liquid-based) clouds are frequently observed, but the processes that determine their composition are poorly understood. To obtain a closer look [...]