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The Atmospheric Mesoscale Dispersion Modeling System
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
The mesoscale dispersion modeling system (MDMS) described herein is under development as a simulation tool to investigate atmospheric flow and pollution dispersion over complex terrain for domains up to several hundred kilometers. The system ...
Marek Uliasz
Topographic Vorticity-Mode Mesoscale-? (TVM) Model. Part I: Formulation
The three-dimensional, flat-terrain, finite-difference URBMET vorticity, mode mesoscale-? model has been modified to include topographic effects. The resulting topographic vorticity-mode mesoscale-? (TVM) model is hydrostatic, Boussinesq, and ...
G. Schayes; P. Thunis; R. Bornstein
A Mesoscale Modeling Study of the 1996 Saguenay Flood
A mesoscale simulation of the 19¢21 July 1996 Saguenay flood cyclone was performed using the Canadian Mesoscale Compressible Community (MC2) model to study the processes leading to the explosive development and the large amount of precipitation. ...
J. A. Milbrandt; M. K. Yau
Numerical Prediction of Convectively Driven Mesoscale Pressure Systems. Part II. Mesoscale Model
A 20-level, three-dimensional, primitive equation model with 20 km horizontal resolution is used to predict the development of convectively driven mesoscale pressure systems. Systems produced by the model have life histories and structural ...
J. M. Fritsch; C. F. Chappell
Local and Mesoscale Impacts of Wind Farms as Parameterized in a Mesoscale NWP Model
A new wind farm parameterization has been developed for the mesoscale numerical weather prediction model, the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). The effects of wind turbines are represented by imposing a momentum sink on the mean flow; ...
Anna C. Fitch; Joseph B. Olson; Julie K. Lundquist; Jimy Dudhia; Alok K. Gupta; John Michalakes; Idar Barstad
Statistical Performance of Several Mesoscale Atmospheric Dispersion Models
Seventeen mesoscale dispersion models were statistically evaluated with data from krypton-85 emissions from the Savannah River Plant, Aiken, SC. Widely accepted statistical parameters were used for the statistical evaluation. The models were able ...
A. H. Weber; M. R. Buckner; J. H. Weber
Gridpoint Predictions of High Temperature from a Mesoscale Model
Mesoscale model gridpoint temperature data from simulations in the southwestern United States during the summer of 1990 are compared with both observations and statistical guidance from large-scale models over a 32-day period. Although the raw ...
David J. Stensrud; Jon A. Skindlov
A Global Version of the PSU¢NCAR Mesoscale Model
A global version of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (PSU¢NCAR MM5) is described. The new model employs two polar stereographic projection domains centered on each pole. ...
Jimy Dudhia; James F. Bresch
Recent Applications of the Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model to Synoptic, Mesoscale, and Climate Studies
This paper summarizes recent studies of a variety of atmospheric phenomena in different parts of the world using the Penn State/NCAR mesoscale model. These phenomena include explosive cyclogenesis over the North Pacific and North Atlantic swans, ...
Richard A. Anthes
Evaluation of a Mesoscale Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling System with Observations from the 1980 Great Plains Mesoscale Tracer Field Experiment. Part I: Datasets and Meteorological Simulations
The Colorado State University mesoscale atmospheric dispersion (MAD) numerical modeling system, which consists of a prognostic mesoscale meteorological model coupled to a mesoscale Lagrangian particle dispersion model, has been used to simulate ...
Michael D. Moran; Roger A. Pielke
A Lightning Data Assimilation Technique for Mesoscale Forecast Models
Lightning observations have been assimilated into a mesoscale model for improvement of forecast initial conditions. Data are used from the National Lightning Detection Network (cloud-to-ground lightning detection) and a Lightning Mapping Array (...
Edward R. Mansell; Conrad L. Ziegler; Donald R. MacGorman
A Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model Designed to Simulate Scale Interaction
A three-dimensional nonhydrostatic mesoscale model is presented that is designed to optimally represent the scale-interaction process among inertially balanced and unbalanced modes occurring within convective weather systems. Because scale-...
Gregory J. Tripoli
Surface Boundary Conditions for Mesoscale Regional Climate Models
This paper utilizes the best available quality data from multiple sources to develop consistent surface boundary conditions (SBCs) for mesoscale regional climate model (RCM) applications. The primary SBCs include 1) fields of soil characteristic (...
Xin-Zhong Liang; Hyun I. Choi; Kenneth E. Kunkel; Yongjiu Dai; Everette Joseph; Julian X. L. Wang; Praveen Kumar
A Composite Model of Mesoscale Convective Complexes
A composite analysis technique is used to investigate the evolution of mesoscale features of mesoscale convective complexes (MCCs). The early stage of the MCC lifecycle is characterized by convergence, vertical motion and heating being centered ...
William R. Cotton; Ming-Sen Lin; Ray L. McAnelly; Craig J. Tremback
Scale Interaction and Predictability in a Mesoscale Model
Scale interaction is examined in the limited-area PSU/NCAR mesoscale model, with emphasis on the forcing of small scales by the small-scale fields themselves. Output data from the model are filtered by expanding fields at each level in two-...
Andrew H. Van Tuyl; Ronald M. Errico
Numerical Model Simulations of a Mesoscale Gravity Wave Event: Sensitivity Tests and Spectral Analyses
This study presents numerical model experiments and spectral investigations involving a mesoscale gravity wave event. Its purposes are to determine the sensitivity of mesoscale gravity wave simulation to model configuration and physics and to ...
Jordan G. Powers
Ability of a Regional-Scale Model to Predict the Genesis of Intense Mesoscale Convective Systems
This paper presents the mesoscale part of a two-part evaluation of thirty forecasts produced by a mesoscalenumerical weather prediction model (MASS 2.0). The general approach taken to evaluate the mesoscale predictivecapabilities of the model is ...
Steven E. Koch
The New NMC Mesoscale Eta Model: Description and Forecast Examples
In mid-1994 a new version of the Eta Model will begin producing operational forecast guidance down to mesoscale ranges. This version will have a horizontal resolution of approximately 30 km and about 50 layers in the vertical. A summary of the ...
Thomas L. Black
E-Print Network (OSTI)
WIND ATLAS FOR EGYPT: MEASUREMENTS, MICRO- AND MESOSCALE MODELLING Niels G. Mortensen1 , Jens Enevoldsen Wind Energy Department, Ris├Ė National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark Laila Georgy Youssef, Usama Said Said, Ashour Abd El-Salam Moussa, Mohammad Akmal Mahmoud Wind Energy Department, New and Renewable
Wind resource assessment with a mesoscale non-hydrostatic model
Wind resource assessment with a mesoscale non- hydrostatic model Vincent Gu├®nard, Center for Energy is developed for assessing the wind resource and its uncertainty. The work focuses on an existing wind farm mast measurements. The wind speed and turbulence fields are discussed. It is shown that the k
Paris-Sud XI, Universit├® de
Mesoscale Model Experimental Forecasts of the Haar of Northeast Scotland
A mesoscale model is used to simulate the diurnal evolution of sea fog off the northeast Scottish coast observed on 27 April 1984. It is shown that the accuracy of the early part of the forecast is very dependent on the specification of the ...
S. P. Ballard; B. W. Golding; R. N. B. Smith
Some Effects of Different Cloud Parameterizations in a Mesoscale Model and a Chemistry Transport Model
Chemistry transport models often ignore the cloud parameters that can be provided by meteorological pre-processors like mesoscale meteorological models. They often recalculate these parameters with algorithms that differ from those used in the ...
Nicole M÷lders; Heinz Hass; Hermann J. Jakobs; Manfred Laube; Adolf Ebel
Development of a Land Surface Model. Part I: Application in a Mesoscale Meteorological Model
Parameterization of land surface processes and consideration of surface inhomogeneities are very important to mesoscale meteorological modeling applications, especially those that provide information for air quality modeling. To provide crucial, ...
Aijun Xiu; Jonathan E. Pleim
Hydrostatic Adjustment in Nonhydrostatic, Compressible Mesoscale Models
The ability of various numerical techniques used in compressible, nonhydrostatic models to handlehydrostatic adjustment is intercompared. The exact solution of a linearized model of an isothermal, compressible, nonrotating atmosphere is compared ...
Dean G. Duffy
Extracting Synoptic-Scale Diagnostic Information from Mesoscale Models: The Eta Model, Gravity Waves, and Quasigeostrophic Diagnostics
Fine-mesh models, such as the eta model, are producing increasingly detailed predictions about mesoscale atmospheric motions. Mesoscale systems typically produce stronger vertical motions than do synoptic-scale storms, making it more difficult ...
Stanley L. Barnes; Fernando Caracena; Adrian Marroquin
Mesoscale Modeling of LX-17 Under Isentropic Compression
SciTech Connect
Mesoscale simulations of LX-17 incorporating different equilibrium mixture models were used to investigate the unreacted equation-of-state (UEOS) of TATB. Candidate TATB UEOS were calculated using the equilibrium mixture models and benchmarked with mesoscale simulations of isentropic compression experiments (ICE). X-ray computed tomography (XRCT) data provided the basis for initializing the simulations with realistic microstructural details. Three equilibrium mixture models were used in this study. The single constituent with conservation equations (SCCE) model was based on a mass-fraction weighted specific volume and the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. The single constituent equation-of-state (SCEOS) model was based on a mass-fraction weighted specific volume and the equation-of-state of the constituents. The kinetic energy averaging (KEA) model was based on a mass-fraction weighted particle velocity mixture rule and the conservation equations. The SCEOS model yielded the stiffest TATB EOS (0.121{micro} + 0.4958{micro}{sup 2} + 2.0473{micro}{sup 3}) and, when incorporated in mesoscale simulations of the ICE, demonstrated the best agreement with VISAR velocity data for both specimen thicknesses. The SCCE model yielded a relatively more compliant EOS (0.1999{micro}-0.6967{micro}{sup 2} + 4.9546{micro}{sup 3}) and the KEA model yielded the most compliant EOS (0.1999{micro}-0.6967{micro}{sup 2}+4.9546{micro}{sup 3}) of all the equilibrium mixture models. Mesoscale simulations with the lower density TATB adiabatic EOS data demonstrated the least agreement with VISAR velocity data.
Springer, H K; Willey, T M; Friedman, G; Fried, L E; Vandersall, K S; Baer, M R
Parameterizing Mesoscale Wind Uncertainty for Dispersion Modeling
A parameterization of numerical weather prediction uncertainty is presented for use by atmospheric transport and dispersion models. The theoretical development applies Taylor dispersion concepts to diagnose dispersion metrics from numerical wind ...
Leonard J. Peltier; Sue Ellen Haupt; John C. Wyngaard; David R. Stauffer; Aijun Deng; Jared A. Lee; Kerrie J. Long; Andrew J. Annunzio
Mesoscale Forecasts Generated from Operational Numerical Weather-Prediction Model Output
A technique called Model Output Enhancement (MOE) has been developed for the generation and display of mesoscale weather forecasts. The MOE technique derives mesoscale or high-resolution (order of 1 km) weather forecasts from synoptic-scale ...
John G. W. Kelley; Joseph M. Russo; Toby N. Carlson; J. Ronald Eyton
The Application of an Evolutionary Algorithm to the Optimization of a Mesoscale Meteorological Model
It is shown that a simple evolutionary algorithm can optimize a set of mesoscale atmospheric model parameters with respect to agreement between the mesoscale simulation and a limited set of synthetic observations. This is illustrated using the ...
Lance OÆSteen; David Werth
A New Single-Layer Urban Canopy Model for Use in Mesoscale Atmospheric Models
A new single-layer urban canopy model for use in mesoscale atmospheric models is developed and validated. The urban canopy model represents a built-up area as a street canyon, two facing buildings, and a road. In this model, the two facing walls ...
Young-Hee Ryu; Jong-Jin Baik; Sang-Hyun Lee
A Coupled Air¢Sea Mesoscale Model: Experiments in Atmospheric Sensitivity to Marine Roughness
A coupled air¢sea numerical model comprising a mesoscale atmospheric model, a marine circulation model, and a surface wave model is presented. The coupled model is tested through simulations of an event of frontal passage through the Lake Erie ...
Jordan G. Powers; Mark T. Stoelinga
Parameterization of Convective Precipitation in Mesoscale Numerical Models: A Critical Review
Current approaches for incorporating cumulus convection into mesoscale numerical models are divided into three groups. The traditional approach utilizes cumulus parameterization at convectively unstable points and explicit (nonparameterized) ...
John Molinari; Michael Dudek
Implementation and Validation of a Condensation Scheme in a Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model
In this paper a condensation scheme is implemented in a nonhydrostatic mesoscale model (MEMO). An overview of the model and the modified Sundqvist condensation scheme are given. The model, including condensation (MEMOIC), is tested on two well-...
Anne Dagrun Sandvik
The Use of Surface Observations in Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation Using a Mesoscale Model
A system for the frequent intermittent assimilation of surface observations into a mesoscale model is described. The assimilation begins by transforming the surface observations to model coordinates. Next, the lowest-level model fields of ...
Frank H. Ruggiero; Keith D. Sashegyi; Rangarao V. Madala; Sethu Raman
Model Uncertainty in a Mesoscale Ensemble Prediction System: Stochastic versus Multiphysics Representations
A multiphysics and a stochastic kinetic-energy backscatter scheme are employed to represent model uncertainty in a mesoscale ensemble prediction system using the Weather Research and Forecasting model. Both model-error schemes lead to significant ...
J. Berner; S.-Y. Ha; J. P. Hacker; A. Fournier; C. Snyder
Assimilation of DMSP and TOVS Satellite Soundings in a Mesoscale Model
A modeling investigation explores the impacts of the assimilation of satellite-retrieved soundings on forecast error in the Fifth-Generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5). Simulations ...
Jordan G. Powers; Kun Gao
Tests of an Adjoint Mesoscale Model with Explicit Moist Physics on the Cloud Scale
An adjoint modeling system based upon the Naval Research LaboratoryÆs Coupled Ocean¢Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction SystemÆs atmospheric component has been developed. The system includes the adjoint model of the explicit moist physics ...
Clark Amerault; Xiaolei Zou; James Doyle
A One-Level, Mesoscale Model for Diagnosing Surface Winds in Mountainous and Coastal Regions
This paper describes a one-level, sigma-coordinate, mesoscale model suitable for diagnosing surface winds in mountainous and coastal regions. The model requires only modest computer resources and needs little data for initialization. Energy and ...
Clifford F. Mass; David P. Dempsey
An Investigation of an Arctic Front with a Vertically Nested Mesoscale Model
A vertically mesoscale regional numerical weather prediction model is used to simulate an arctic front. The front was observed during the Arctic Cyclone Expedition of 1984. The regional model employs a unique vertical nesting scheme in which the ...
William T. Thompson; Stephen D. Burk
Mesoscale Weather Prediction with the RUC Hybrid Isentropic¢Terrain-Following Coordinate Model
A mesoscale atmospheric forecast model configured in a hybrid isentropic¢sigma vertical coordinate and used in the NOAA Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) for operational numerical guidance is presented. The RUC model is the only quasi-isentropic forecast ...
Stanley G. Benjamin; Georg A. Grell; John M. Brown; Tatiana G. Smirnova; Rainer Bleck
QNH: Design and Test of a Quasi-Nonhydrostatic Model for Mesoscale Weather Prediction
A new mesoscale weather prediction model, called QNH, is described. It is characterized by a parameter that multiplies the hydrostatic terms in the vertical equation of motion. Models of this type are referred to generically as ōquasi-...
A. E. MacDonald; J. L. Lee; S. Sun
The Importance of Understanding Mesoscale Model Parameterization Schemes for Weather Forecasting
A severe weather outbreak that occurred on 21¢23 November 1992 in the southern United States is used to illustrate how an understanding of model parameterization schemes can help in the evaluation and utilization of mesoscale model output. ...
John V. Cortinas Jr.; David J. Stensrud
Evaluations of Mesoscale Models' Simulations of Near-Surface Winds, Temperature Gradients, and Mixing Depths
Mesoscale meteorological models are being used to provide inputs of winds, vertical temperature and stability structure, mixing depths, and other parameters to atmospheric transport and dispersion models. An evaluation methodology is suggested ...
Steven R. Hanna; Ruixin Yang
Evaluation of the NCEP Mesoscale Eta Model Convective Boundary Layer for Air Quality Applications
Atmospheric models are a basic tool for understanding the processes that produce poor air quality, for predicting air quality problems, and for evaluating proposed solutions. At the base of many air quality models is a mesoscale meteorological ...
Wayne M. Angevine; Kenneth Mitchell
The Influence of Mesoscale Humidity and Evapotranspiration Fields on a Model Forecast of a Cold-Frontal Squall Line
Satellite imagery and rain gauge data are combined to create mesoscale detail in the initial states of relative humidity (RH) and surface moisture availability (M) for a mesoscale model simulation. The most profound impact of inserting the ...
Steven E. Koch; Ahmet Aksakal; Jeffery T. McQueen
Sensitivity of a Mesoscale Model to Microphysical Parameterizations in the MAP SOP Events IOP2b and IOP8
The sensitivity of a mesoscale model to different microphysical parameterizations is investigated for two events of precipitation in the Mediterranean region, that is, the Mesoscale Alpine Program (MAP) intensive observation periods (IOP) 2b (19¢...
Stefano Serafin; Rossella Ferretti
Modifying a Mesoscale Meteorological Model to Better Incorporate Urban Heat Storage: A Bulk-Parameterization Approach
A simple bulk-parameterization scheme is implemented in modifying a mesoscale meteorological model to better incorporate urban heat storage. The objective is to improve the quantification of the fluxes associated with heat storage change and to ...
Haider Taha
On the Use of Mesoscale and Cloud-Scale Models in Operational Forecasting
In the near future, the technological capability will be available to use mesoscale and cloud-scale numerical models for forecasting convective weather in operational meteorology. We address some of the issues concerning effective utilization of ...
Harold E. Brooks; Charles A. Doswell III; Robert A. Maddox
Simulating Typhoon Floods with Gauge Data and Mesoscale-Modeled Rainfall in a Mountainous Watershed
A physically based distributed hydrological model was applied to simulate typhoon floods over a mountainous watershed in Taiwan. The meteorological forcings include the observed gauge rainfall data and the predicted rainfall data from a mesoscale ...
Ming-Hsu Li; Ming-Jen Yang; Ruitang Soong; Hsiao-Ling Huang
Intercomparison of Mesoscale Model Simulations of the Daytime Valley Wind System
Three-dimensional simulations of the daytime thermally induced valley wind system for an idealized valley¢plain configuration, obtained from nine nonhydrostatic mesoscale models, are compared with special emphasis on the evolution of the along-...
Juerg Schmidli; Brian Billings; Fotini K. Chow; Stephan F. J. de Wekker; James Doyle; Vanda GrubiÜi?; Teddy Holt; Qiangfang Jiang; Katherine A. Lundquist; Peter Sheridan; Simon Vosper; C. David Whiteman; Andrzej A. Wyszogrodzki; G³nther Zõngl
Mesoscale Modeling of Katabatic Winds over Greenland with the Polar MM5
Verification of two months, April and May 1997, of 48-h mesoscale model simulations of the atmospheric state around Greenland are presented. The simulations are performed with a modified version of The Pennsylvania State University¢National ...
David H. Bromwich; John J. Cassano; Thomas Klein; Gunther Heinemann; Keith M. Hines; Konrad Steffen; Jason E. Box
Implementation of an Urban Canopy Parameterization in a Mesoscale Meteorological Model
An urban canopy parameterization (UCP) is implemented into the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) to improve meteorological fields in the urban boundary layer for ...
Tanya L. Otte; Avraham Lacser; Sylvain Dupont; Jason K. S. Ching
Aerosol¢Cloud Interactions in a Mesoscale Model. Part II: Sensitivity to Aqueous-Phase Chemistry
The feedbacks between aerosols, cloud microphysics, and cloud chemistry are investigated in a mesoscale model. A simple bulk aqueous-phase sulfur chemistry scheme was fully coupled to the existing aerosol and microphysics schemes. The ...
Irena T. Ivanova; Henry G. Leighton
Mesoscale Modeling of a Cold Front and Its Interaction with a Diurnally Heated Land Mass
A mesoscale numerical model incorporating a detailed planetary boundary-layer scheme, including momentum, heat and moisture exchange with the lower boundary, is used to study the change in structure of a dry summertime front as it moves towards a ...
William L. Physick
A Model of Marine Boundary-Layer Cloudiness for Mesoscale Applications
A one-dimensional version of a multilevel mesoscale model is used to represent the cloud-topped boundary layer (CTBL). Turbulent exchanges are parameterized with a prognostic equation for the turbulent kinetic energy and an improved length-scale ...
Peter Bechtold; Jean Pierre Pinty; Charles Fravalo
The Effects of Subgrid Model Mixing and Numerical Filtering in Simulations of Mesoscale Cloud Systems
Using the newly developed Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, this study investigates the effects of subgrid mixing and numerical filtering in mesoscale cloud simulations by examining the sensitivities to the parameters in turbulence-...
Tetsuya Takemi; Richard Rotunno
A Study of Rainfall Interception Using a 1And Surface Parameterization for Mesoscale Meteorological Models
Rainfall interception by vegetation canopies is studied using a parameterization of land surface Processes for mesoscale meteorological models. The interception scheme allows for a single vegetation canopy, and manages interception through a ...
Jean-Franńois Mahfouf; Bruno Jacquemin
Water and Energy Budgets of a Florida Mesoscale Convective System: A Combined Observational and Modeling Study
Mesoscale water and energy budgets are diagnosed for a squall line during the Convection and Precipitation Electrification Experiment and combined with the results of the two-dimensional Goddard Cumulus Ensemble Model. The fine temporal and ...
J. Halverson; M. Garstang; J. Scala; W-K. Tao
Mesoscale Model Simulations of Three Heavy Precipitation Events in the Western Mediterranean Region
A mesoscale numerical model with parameterized moist convection is applied to three cases involving heavy rainfall in the western Mediterranean region. Forecast precipitation fields, although not perfect when compared to the observations of ...
Romualdo Romero; Clemente Ramis; Sergio Alonso; Charles A. Doswell III; David J. Stensrud
Evaluating Mesoscale Model Predictions of Clouds and Radiation with SGP ARM Data over a Seasonal Timescale
This study evaluates the predictions of radiative and cloud-related processes of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU¢NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5). It is based on extensive comparison of ...
Franńoise Guichard; David B. Parsons; Jimy Dudhia; James Bresch
Evaluation of an Urban Canopy Parameterization in a Mesoscale Model Using VTMX and URBAN 2000 Data
A modified urban canopy parameterization (UCP) is developed and evaluated in a three-dimensional mesoscale model to assess the urban impact on surface and lower-atmospheric properties. This parameterization accounts for the effects of building ...
Hung-Neng S. Chin; Martin J. Leach; Gayle A. Sugiyama; John M. Leone Jr.; Hoyt Walker; J. S. Nasstrom; Michael J. Brown
An Upper Boundary Condition Permitting Internal Gravity Wave Radiation in Numerical Mesoscale Models
A radiative upper boundary condition is proposed for numerical mesoscale models which allows vertically propagating internal gravity waves to pass out of the computational domain with minimal reflection. In this formulation, the pressure along ...
Joseph B. Klemp; Dale R. Durran
Mesoscale Modeling and Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation in Areas of Highly Complex Terrain
A multiscale four-dimensional data assimilation (FDDA) technique, based on Newtonian relaxation, is incorporated into a mesoscale model and evaluated using meteorological and tracer data collected during the Atmospheric Studies in Complex Terrain ...
J. D. Fast
A Shallow-Convection Parameterization for Mesoscale Models. Part I: Submodel Description and Preliminary Applications
A shallow-convection parameterization suitable for both marine and continental regimes is developed for use in mesoscale models. The scheme is closely associated with boundary layer turbulence processes and can transition to either a deep-...
Aijun Deng; Nelson L. Seaman; John S. Kain
The research under this project focused on a theoretical and computational modeling of dislocation dynamics of mesoscale deformation of metal single crystals. Specifically, the work aimed to implement a continuum statistical theory of dislocations to understand strain hardening and cell structure formation under monotonic loading. These aspects of crystal deformation are manifestations of the evolution of the underlying dislocation system under mechanical loading. The project had three research tasks: 1) Investigating the statistical characteristics of dislocation systems in deformed crystals. 2) Formulating kinetic equations of dislocations and coupling these kinetics equations and crystal mechanics. 3) Computational solution of coupled crystal mechanics and dislocation kinetics. Comparison of dislocation dynamics predictions with experimental results in the area of statistical properties of dislocations and their field was also a part of the proposed effort. In the first research task, the dislocation dynamics simulation method was used to investigate the spatial, orientation, velocity, and temporal statistics of dynamical dislocation systems, and on the use of the results from this investigation to complete the kinetic description of dislocations. The second task focused on completing the formulation of a kinetic theory of dislocations that respects the discrete nature of crystallographic slip and the physics of dislocation motion and dislocation interaction in the crystal. Part of this effort also targeted the theoretical basis for establishing the connection between discrete and continuum representation of dislocations and the analysis of discrete dislocation simulation results within the continuum framework. This part of the research enables the enrichment of the kinetic description with information representing the discrete dislocation systems behavior. The third task focused on the development of physics-inspired numerical methods of solution of the coupled dislocation kinetics and crystal mechanics framework. To a large extent, this task has also been successfully started. We have developed a custom finite-element approach with mesh points being a subset of the underlying crystal structure. When used to predict the evolution of the dislocation system, the planar motion of dislocations is naturally captured for all slip systems, thus minimizing numerical errors and providing simple ways to investigate cross slip and dislocation reactions. Preliminary results in this direction show that we are closer than ever in building a predictive framework for dislocation dynamics and mesoscale plasticity based on the first principles of dislocation dynamics. The rest of the report gives and overview of the research performed under this project and highlights the key results and open questions left for future investigations.
Anter El-Azab
Mesoscale Modeling During Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment
Mixed-phase arctic stratus clouds are the predominant cloud type in the Arctic (Curry et al. 2000) and through various feedback mechanisms exert a strong influence on the Arctic climate. Perhaps one of the most intriguing of their features is that they tend to have liquid tops that precipitate ice. Despite the fact that this situation is colloidally unstable, these cloud systems are quite long lived - from a few days to over a couple of weeks. It has been hypothesized that mixed-phase clouds are maintained through a balance between liquid water condensation resulting from the cloud-top radiative cooling and ice removal by precipitation (Pinto 1998; Harrington et al. 1999). In their modeling study Harrington et al. (1999) found that the maintenance of this balance depends strongly on the ambient concentration of ice forming nucleus (IFN). In a follow-up study, Jiang et al. (2002), using only 30% of IFN concentration predicted by Meyers et al. (1992) IFN parameterization were able to obtain results similar to the observations reported by Pinto (1998). The IFN concentration measurements collected during the Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment (M-PACE), conducted in October 2004 over the North Slope of Alaska and the Beaufort Sea (Verlinde et al. 2005), also showed much lower values then those predicted (Prenne, pers. comm.) by currently accepted ice nucleation parameterizations (e.g. Meyers et al. 1992). The goal of this study is to use the extensive IFN data taken during M-PACE to examine what effects low IFN concentrations have on mesoscale cloud structure and coastal dynamics.
Avramov, A.; Harringston, J.Y.; Verlinde, J.
Investigating the Influence of Synoptic-Scale Monsoonal Winds and Mesoscale Circulations on Diurnal Weather Patterns over Kenya Using a Mesoscale Numerical Model
The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) developed at Colorado State University (CSU) was used to investigate the influence of the large-scale monsoonal winds and the mesoscale local circulations on the diurnal precipitation pattern over ...
Joseph R. Mukabana; Roger A. Piekle
The Influence of Hydrologic Modeling on the Predicted Local Weather: Two-Way Coupling of a Mesoscale Weather Prediction Model and a Land Surface Hydrologic Model
A two-way coupling of the operational mesoscale weather prediction model known as Lokal Modell (LM; German Weather Service) with the land surface hydrologic ōTOPMODELö-Based Land Surface¢Atmosphere Transfer Scheme (TOPLATS; Princeton University) ...
G. Seuffert; P. Gross; C. Simmer; E. F. Wood
Numerical Simulation of Dispersal of Inert Seeding Material in Israel Using a Three-Dimensional Mesoscale Model
A mesoscale model RAMS (the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System) was used to investigate the effectiveness of the broadcast static seeding method for dispersing particles into clouds, as it is used in Israel. The model was run using three nested ...
Zev Levin; Shimon O. Krichak; Tamir Reisin
Mesoscale Modeling of Boundary Layer Refractivity and Atmospheric Ducting
In this study four mesoscale forecasting systems were used to investigate the four-dimensional structure of atmospheric refractivity and ducting layers that occur within evolving synoptic conditions over the eastern seaboard of the United States. ...
Tracy Haack; Changgui Wang; Sally Garrett; Anna Glazer; Jocelyn Mailhot; Robert Marshall
Evaluating Mesoscale NWP Models Using Kinetic Energy Spectra
Kinetic energy spectra derived from observations in the free atmosphere possess a wavenumber dependence of k?3 for large scales, characteristic of 2D turbulence, and transition to a k?5/3 dependence in the mesoscale. Kinetic energy spectra ...
William C. Skamarock
Mesoscale Eddy Energy Locality in an Idealized Ocean Model
This paper investigates the energy budget of mesoscale eddies in wind-driven two-layer quasigeostrophic simulations. Intuitively, eddy energy can be generated, dissipated, and fluxed from place to place; regions where the budget balances ...
Ian Grooms; Louis-Philippe Nadeau; K. Shafer Smith
The impact of agricultural intensification and irrigation on landatmosphere interactions and Indian monsoon precipitation --A mesoscale modeling perspective
and Indian monsoon precipitation -- A mesoscale modeling perspective E.M. Douglas a, , A. Beltr├Īn-Przekurat b: irrigation Indian monsoon Regional Atmospheric Modeling System agriculture Land Use Land Cover Change Using convergence, mesoscale convection, and precipitation patterns over the Indian monsoon region. Four experiments
Niyogi, Dev
and Indian monsoon precipitation -- A mesoscale modeling perspective E.M. Douglas a, , A. Beltr├Īn-Przekurat b Keywords: irrigation Indian monsoon Regional Atmospheric Modeling System agriculture Land Use Land Cover and regional convergence, mesoscale convection, and precipitation patterns over the Indian monsoon region. Four
Douglas, Ellen M.
Mesoscale Model Simulation of the 4¢5 January 1995 Lake-Effect Snowstorm
The Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model version 5 (MM5), running on a triply nested grid, was used to simulate the intense lake-effect snowstorm of 4¢5 January 1995. On the finest grid (5-km resolution) centered over Lake Ontario, ...
Robert J. Ballentine; Alfred J. Stamm; Eugene E. Chermack; Gregory P. Byrd; Donald Schleede
A Rapidly Deployable Operational Mesoscale Modeling System for Emergency-Response Applications
An operational mesoscale model¢based forecasting system has been developed for use by U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command meteorologists in their support of test-range operations. This paper reports on the adaptation of this system to permit ...
Thomas T. Warner; James F. Bowers; Scott P. Swerdlin; Brian A. Beitler
Formulation and Evaluation of a Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Vorticity Model (TVM)
This paper describes the formulation and the application of the nonhydrostatic anelastic vorticity model (TVM). This model is constructed using a method involving two horizontal streamfunctions and two horizontal vorticity components. The ...
P. Thunis; A. Clappier
Transformed Shoreline-following Horizontal Coordinates in a Mesoscale Model: A Sea?Land-Breeze Case Study
A hydrostatic and incompressible mesoscale model with transformed horizontal coordinates is presented. The model is applied to study the sea-land-breeze circulation over RĒo de La Plata. One of the new coordinates is shoreline-following and the ...
Guillermo J. Berri; Mario N. Nu±ez
Electrification of Stratiform Regions in Mesoscale Convective Systems. Part II: Two-Dimensional Numerical Model Simulations of a Symmetric MCS
Model simulations of a symmetric mesoscale convective system (MCS; observations discussed in Part I) were conducted using a 2D, time-dependent numerical model with bulk microphysics. A number of charging mechanisms were considered based on ...
Terry J. Schuur; Steven A. Rutledge
The Impact of GPS Precipitable Water Assimilation on Mesoscale Model Retrievals of Orographic Rainfall during SALPEX'96
The potential of GPS precipitable water (PW) to improve mesoscale model retrievals of orographic precipitation is investigated for a prolonged rainfall event observed during the 1996 Southern Alps Experiment (SALPEX'96). The model is the Advanced ...
Mark Falvey; John Beavan
Aerosol¢Cloud Interactions in a Mesoscale Model. Part I: Sensitivity to Activation and Collision¢Coalescence
High-resolution numerical simulations of the aerosol¢cloud feedbacks are performed with a mesoscale model. The multimodal aerosol species, added to the model, and the cloud species were represented by two spectral moments. The aerosol sources ...
Mesoscale Modeling for Mountain Weather Forecasting Over the Himalayas
Severe weather has a more calamitous effect in the mountainous region-because the terrain is complex and the economy is poorly developed and fragile. Such weather systems occurring on a small spatiotemporal scale invite application of models with ...
Someshwar Das; S. V. Singh; E. N. Rajagopal; Robert Gall
Validation of the Coupled NCEP Mesoscale Spectral Model and an Advanced Land Surface Model over the Hawaiian Islands. Part II: A High Wind Event
A high wind event (14¢15 February 2001) over the Hawaiian Islands associated with a cold front is simulated using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Mesoscale Spectral Model (MSM) coupled with an advanced land surface model (...
Yongxin Zhang; Yi-Leng Chen; Kevin Kodama
Improved Simulation of Florida Summer Convection Using the PLACE Land Model and a 1.5-Order Turbulence Parameterization Coupled to the Penn State¢NCAR Mesoscale Model
Three major modifications to the treatment of land surface processes in the Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research mesoscale model MM5, are tested in a matrix of eight model experiments. Paired together in each ...
Barry H. Lynn; David R. Stauffer; Peter J. Wetzel; Wei-Kuo Tao; Pinhas Alpert; Nataly Perlin; R. David Baker; Ricardo Mu±oz; Aaron Boone; Yiqin Jia
GCM Grid-Scale Evaporation from Mesoscale Modeling
This paper investigates the problem of aggregation of land surface properties in a large area comparable in size with a model grid box of a GCM. The study is based on 3D numerical results obtained for atmospheric situations encountered during ...
J. Noilhan; P. LacarrĶre
Evaluation of a Mesoscale Model with Different Surface Parameterizations and Vertical Resolutions for the Bay of Valencia
Two different setups of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) are used and the results of 71 forecasts are evaluated with a focus on the accuracy of meteorological surface data including wind, temperature, ...
Hinnerk Ries; K. Heinke Schl³nzen
Radiative Transfer Simulations Using Mesoscale Cloud Model Outputs: Comparisons with Passive Microwave and Infrared Satellite Observations for Midlatitudes
Real midlatitude meteorological cases are simulated over western Europe with the cloud mesoscale model Mķso-NH, and the outputs are used to calculate brightness temperatures at microwave frequencies with the Atmospheric Transmission at Microwave (...
Ingo Meirold-Mautner; Catherine Prigent; Eric Defer; Juan R. Pardo; Jean-Pierre Chaboureau; Jean-Pierre Pinty; Mario Mech; Susanne Crewell
A Comparison of Simple and Complex Treatments of Surface Hydrology and Thermodynamics Suitable for Mesoscale Atmospheric Models
Alternative treatments of the hydrologic and thermodynamic processes at the earth's surface within a mesoscale model are discussed in this study. Specifically, the question of under what circumstances it is necessary to use a complex surface ...
Mercedes N. Lakhtakia; Thomas T. Warner
Feasibility of the Direct Method to Solve the Anelastic Pressure Equation in Nonhydrostatic Two-Dimensional Mesoscale Models
For anelastic nonhydrostatic mesoscale models, the pressure has to be solved from the Poisson partial differential equation. This can be done in various ways. Here the usually neglected direct method is compared to widely used (iterative) ...
Antoon Meesters
Resolved turbulence characteristics in large-eddy simulations nested within mesoscale simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting model
One-way concurrent nesting within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is examined for conducting large-eddy simulations (LES) nested within mesoscale simulations. Wind speed, spectra, and resolved turbulent stresses and turbulence ...
Jeff Mirocha; Branko Kosovi?; Gokhan Kirkil
A Study of Convection Initiation in a Mesoscale Model Using High-Resolution Land Surface Initial Conditions
A coupled convection-resolving mesoscale atmosphere¢land surface model (LSM) is used to investigate land surface¢planetary boundary layer (PBL) interactions responsible for the initiation of deep, moist convection over the southern Great Plains ...
Stanley B. Trier; Fei Chen; Kevin W. Manning
Numerical Sensitivity Experiments of Varying Model Physics on the Structure, Evolution and Dynamics of Two Mesoscale Convective Systems
The effects of different model physics and different convective and boundary layer parameterization schemes are investigated using an 18-h nested-grid numerical simulation of the mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) that were responsible for the ...
Da-Lin Zhang; J. Michael Fritsch
A Climatological Study of Boundary Layer Wind Speed Using a Meso-?-Scale Higher-Order Closure Model
A mesoscale higher-order closure atmospheric boundary layer model has been used to get more detailed information than is possible from observations regarding horizontal and vertical variations of the wind in an area in southeastern Sweden. To ...
Hans Bergstr÷m
Impact of a Newtonian Assimilation and Physical Initialization an the Initialization and Prediction by a Tropical Mesoscale Model
This study illustrates the capability of Newtonian nudging and physical initialization in improving the initialized state and forecasts in the Florida State University high-resolution regional tropical mesoscale model. In particular it is shown ...
Kok-Seng Yap
Mesoscale Modeling of Springtime Arctic Mixed-Phase Stratiform Clouds Using a New Two-Moment Bulk Microphysics Scheme
A new two-moment bulk microphysics scheme is implemented into the polar version of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) to simulate arctic mixed-phase boundary layer stratiform clouds observed during ...
H. Morrison; J. O. Pinto
An Evaluation of Microphysics Fields from Mesoscale Model Simulations of Tropical Cyclones. Part I: Comparisons with Observations
This study presents a framework for comparing hydrometeor and vertical velocity fields from mesoscale model simulations of tropical cyclones with observations of these fields from a variety of platforms. The framework is based on the Yuter and ...
Robert F. Rogers; Michael L. Black; Shuyi S. Chen; Robert A. Black
Development and Evaluation of a Coupled Photosynthesis-Based Gas Exchange Evapotranspiration Model (GEM) for Mesoscale Weather Forecasting Applications
Current land surface schemes used for mesoscale weather forecast models use the Jarvis-type stomatal resistance formulations for representing the vegetation transpiration processes. The Jarvis scheme, however, despite its robustness, needs ...
Dev Niyogi; Kiran Alapaty; Sethu Raman; Fei Chen
Mesoscale to plant-scale models of nuclear waste reprocessing.
Imported oil exacerabates our trade deficit and funds anti-American regimes. Nuclear Energy (NE) is a demonstrated technology with high efficiency. NE's two biggest political detriments are possible accidents and nuclear waste disposal. For NE policy, proliferation is the biggest obstacle. Nuclear waste can be reduced through reprocessing, where fuel rods are separated into various streams, some of which can be reused in reactors. Current process developed in the 1950s is dirty and expensive, U/Pu separation is the most critical. Fuel rods are sheared and dissolved in acid to extract fissile material in a centrifugal contactor. Plants have many contacts in series with other separations. We have taken a science and simulation-based approach to develop a modern reprocessing plant. Models of reprocessing plants are needed to support nuclear materials accountancy, nonproliferation, plant design, and plant scale-up.
Noble, David Frederick; O'Hern, Timothy John; Moffat, Harry K.; Nemer, Martin B.; Domino, Stefan Paul; Rao, Rekha Ranjana; Cipiti, Benjamin B.; Brotherton, Christopher M.; Jove-Colon, Carlos F.; Pawlowski, Roger Patrick
Coupled Mesoscale-Large-Eddy Modeling of Realistic Stable Boundary Layer Turbulence
Site-specific flow and turbulence information are needed for various practical applications, ranging from aerodynamic/aeroelastic modeling for wind turbine design to optical diffraction calculations. Even though highly desirable, collecting on-site meteorological measurements can be an expensive, time-consuming, and sometimes a challenging task. In this work, we propose a coupled mesoscale-large-eddy modeling framework to synthetically generate site-specific flow and turbulence data. The workhorses behind our framework are a state-of-the-art, open-source atmospheric model called the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and a tuning-free large-eddy simulation (LES) model. Using this coupled framework, we simulate a nighttime stable boundary layer (SBL) case from the well-known CASES-99 field campaign. One of the unique aspects of this work is the usage of a diverse range of observations for characterization and validation. The coupled models reproduce certain characteristics of observed low-level jets....
Wang, Yao; Manuel, Lance
Data Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Heating Rates as Proxy Surface Wetness Data into a Regional Atmospheric Mesoscale Model. Part I: Methodology
A satellite data assimilation method is developed which incorporates satellite-observed infrared heating rates into a mesoscale atmospheric model to retrieve model soil moisture. The method builds upon previous work with the modelÆs surface ...
Andrew S. Jones; Ingrid C. Guch; Thomas H. Vonder Haar
Simulations of the Climatological Wind Field in the Baltic Sea Area Using a Mesoscale Higher-Order Closure Model
A three-dimensional mesoscale numerical model is utilized to investigate the climatological wind field over the Baltic Sea. To cover all synoptic and boundary layer conditions, a large number of model runs have to be made. Since this type of ...
Stefan Sandstr÷m
A meso-scale unit-cell based material model for the single-ply flexible-fabric armor M. Grujicic a,*, W.C. Bell a
A meso-scale unit-cell based material model for the single-ply flexible-fabric armor M. Grujicic a April 2008 Accepted 12 February 2009 Available online 20 February 2009 Keywords: Flexible armor Meso-scale unit-cell based material model for a prototypical plain-woven single-ply flexible armor is developed
Grujicic, Mica
Evaluation of a Data Assimilation Technique for a Mesoscale Meteorological Model Used for Air Quality Modeling
An observational data assimilation (ODA) technique was evaluated based on both its direct effect on meteorological model fields and its indirect effect on the results of two air quality models that input these meteorological fields: a Lagrangian ...
Takato Umeda; Philip T. Martien
Thermal Effects of Urban Canyon Structure on the Nocturnal Heat Island: Numerical Experiment Using a Mesoscale Model Coupled with an Urban Canopy Model
A single-layer urban canopy model is incorporated into a simple two-dimensional atmospheric model in order to examine the individual impacts of anthropogenic heating, a large heat capacity, and a small sky-view factor on mesoscale heat island ...
Hiroyuki Kusaka; Fujio Kimura
Effects of Downdrafts and Mesoscale Convective Organization on the Heat and Moisture Budgets of Tropical Cloud Clusters. Part I: A Diagnostic Cumulus Ensemble Model
A diagnostic cumulus ensemble model is developed to study the effects of convective-scale downdrafts and mesoscale convective organization on the heat and moisture budgets of tropical cloud clusters. The model adopts the spectral representation ...
Ming-Dean Cheng
An Evaluation of Mesoscale Model Predictions of Down-Valley and Canyon Flows and Their Consequences Using Doppler Lidar Measurements during VTMX 2000
A mesoscale model, a Lagrangian particle dispersion model, and extensive Doppler lidar wind measurements during the Vertical Transport and Mixing (VTMX) 2000 field campaign were used to examine converging flows over the Salt Lake valley in Utah ...
Jerome D. Fast; Lisa S. Darby
Data Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Heating Rates as Proxy Surface Wetness Data into a Regional Atmospheric Mesoscale Model. Part II: A Case Study
A satellite data assimilation method is applied which incorporates satellite-observed heating infrared rates into a mesoscale atmospheric model to retrieve model soil moisture. In a 3D case study, the method is successful at retrieving realistic ...
The reduction of plankton biomass induced by mesoscale stirring: a modeling study in the Benguela upwelling
Recent studies, both based on remote sensed data and coupled models, showed a reduction of biological productivity due to vigorous horizontal stirring in upwelling areas. In order to better understand this phenomenon, we consider a system of oceanic flow from the Benguela area coupled with a simple biogeochemical model of Nutrient-Phyto-Zooplankton (NPZ) type. For the flow three different surface velocity fields are considered: one derived from satellite altimetry data, and the other two from a regional numerical model at two different spatial resolutions. We compute horizontal particle dispersion in terms of Lyapunov Exponents, and analyzed their correlations with phytoplankton concentrations. Our modelling approach confirms that in the south Benguela there is a reduction of biological activity when stirring is increased. Two-dimensional offshore advection and latitudinal difference in Primary Production, also mediated by the flow, seem to be the dominant processes involved. We estimate that mesoscale processes are responsible for 30 to 50% of the offshore fluxes of biological tracers. In the northern area, other factors not taken into account in our simulation are influencing the ecosystem. We suggest explanations for these results in the context of studies performed in other eastern boundary upwelling areas.
Ismael Hernßndez-Carrasco; Vincent Rossi; Emilio Hernßndez-GarcĒa; Veronique Garńon; Crist¾bal L¾pez
The reduction of plankton biomass induced by mesoscale stirring: a modelling study in the Benguela upwelling
Multiphase Modeling of Flow, Transport, and Biodegradation in a Mesoscale Landfill Bioreactor
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
The need to control gas and leachate production and minimize refuse volume in municipal solid waste landfills has motivated the development of landfill simulation models to predict and design optimal treatment processes. We have developed a multiphase and multicomponent nonisothermal module called T2LBM for the three-dimensional TOUGH2 flow and transport simulator. T2LBM can be used to simulate aerobic or anaerobic biodegradation of municipal solid waste and the associated flow and transport of gas and liquid through the refuse mass. Acetic acid is used as a proxy for all biodegradable substrates in the refuse. T2LBM incorporates a Monod kinetic rate law for the biodegradation of acetic acid by either aerobic or anaerobic microbes as controlled by the local oxygen concentration. We have verified the model against published data, and applied it to our own mesoscale laboratory aerobic landfill bioreactor experiments. We observe spatial variability of flow and biodegradation consistent with permeability heterogeneity and the geometry of the radial grid. The model is capable of matching results of a shut-in test where the respiration of the system is measured over time.
Oldenburg, Curtis M.; Borglin, Sharon E.; Hazen, Terry C.
Airmass Modification over the Gulf of Mexico: Mesoscale Model and Airmass Transformation Model Forecasts
Several numerical models are used to examine strong air-sea fluxes and resultant airmass modification following a cold-frontal passage over the Gulf of Mexico. Data from the Gulf of Mexico Experiment (GUFMEX), which was conducted in February-...
Stephen D. Burk; William T. Thompson
Modeling of passive microwave responses in convective situations using output from mesoscale models
, given the high sensitivity of these frequencies to the particle characteristics, especially in the ice phase. This result gives us strong confidence not only in the radiative transfer model but also column. Using a microphysical parameterization of heat and water exchanges, the sources and sinks
Pardo-Carri├│n, Juan R.
Sensitivity of the Simulated Distributions of Water Masses, CFCs, and Bomb 14C to Parameterizations of Mesoscale Tracer Transports in a Model of the North Pacific
A basinwide ocean general circulation model of the North Pacific Ocean is used to study the sensitivity of the simulated distributions of water masses, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and bomb carbon-14 isotope (14C) to parameterizations of mesoscale ...
Yongfu Xu; Shigeaki Aoki; Koh Harada
Simple Modifications to Improve Fifth-Generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model Performance for the Phoenix, Arizona, Metropolitan Area
The diurnal temperature cycle in the Phoenix, Arizona, metropolitan area, as represented in the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5), is examined using a high-resolution 2-...
Joseph A. Zehnder
Modeling Mesoscale Cellular Structures and Drizzle in Marine Stratocumulus. Part II: The Microphysics and Dynamics of the Boundary Region between Open and Closed Cells
This is the second of two companion papers on modeling of mesoscale cellular structures and drizzle in marine stratocumulus. In the first, aerosol¢cloud¢precipitation interactions and dynamical feedbacks were investigated to study the formation ...
Hailong Wang; Graham Feingold
A Cumulus Parameterization Including Mass Fluxes, Convective Vertical Velocities, and Mesoscale Effects: Thermodynamic and Hydrological Aspects in a General Circulation Model
A cumulus parameterization based on mass fluxes, convective-scale vertical velocities, and mesoscale effects has been incorporated in an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM). Most contemporary cumulus parameterizations are based on ...
Leo J. Donner; Charles J. Seman; Richard S. Hemler; Songmiao Fan
Use of Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation in a Limited-Area Mesoscale Model Part II: Effects of Data Assimilation within the Planetary Boundary Layer
A four-dimensional data assimilation (FDDA) scheme based on Newtonian relaxation or nudging has been developed and evaluated in the Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU/NCAR) Limited-Area Mesoscale Model. It ...
David R. Stauffer; Nelson L. Seaman; Francis S. Binkowski
Estimating the Effects on the Regional Precipitation Climate in a Semiarid Region Caused by an Artificial Lake Using a Mesoscale Model
The effects on the regional precipitation climate by the construction of an artificial lake, in a semiarid region are studied. The study is performed using a mesoscale model to identify the larger-scale meteorological conditions when ...
Leif Enger; Michael Tjernstr÷m
On the Validation of the Simulation of Early Season Precipitation on the Island of Puerto Rico Using a Mesoscale Atmospheric Model
The ability of a mesoscale atmospheric model to reproduce the spatial distribution of the precipitation of the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico during an early rainfall season month (April) is evaluated in this paper, taking the month of April ...
Daniel E. Comarazamy; Jorge E. Gonzßlez
Use of a Radar Simulator on the Output Fields from a Numerical Mesoscale Model to Analyze X-Band Rain Estimators
A full radar simulator, which works with the 3D output fields from a numerical mesoscale model, has been developed. This simulator uses a T-matrix code to calculate synthetic radar measurements, accounts for both backscattering and propagation ...
E-P. Zahiri; M. Gosset; J-P. Lafore; V. Gouget
Cloud Shading Retrieval and Assimilation in a Satellite-Model Coupled Mesoscale Analysis System
A retrieval-assimilation method has been developed as a quantitative means to exploit the information in satellite imagery regarding shading of the ground by clouds, as applied to mesoscale weather analysis. Cloud radiative parameters are ...
Alan E. Lipton
Mesoscale Analysis by Numerical Modeling Coupled with Sounding Retrieval from Satellites
The development and evaluation of a system for time-continuous mesoscale analysis is presented, with a focus on retrieving water vapor concentrations and ground surface temperatures from VISSR Atmospheric Sounder (VAS) data. The analysis system ...
Alan E. Lipton; Thomas H. Vonder Haar
Simulating the Transition from Drizzling Marine Stratocumulus to Boundary Layer Cumulus with a Mesoscale Model
A case of coastal California summer season boundary layer cloud has been simulated with the U.S. Navy Coupled Ocean¢Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System and the results analyzed in the context of consistency with conclusions derived from large ...
David B. Mechem; Yefim L. Kogan
Effects of Initial and Boundary Conditions of Mesoscale Models on Simulated Atmospheric Refractivity
Radar ducting is caused by sharp vertical changes in temperature and, especially, water vapor at the top of the atmospheric boundary layer, both of which are sensitive to variations in the underlying surface conditions, local mesoscale weather, ...
Changgui Wang; Damian Wilson; Tracy Haack; Peter Clark; Humphrey Lean; Robert Marshall
Validation of the Coupled NCEP Mesoscale Spectral Model and an Advanced Land Surface Model over the Hawaiian Islands. Part I: Summer Trade Wind Conditions and a Heavy Rainfall Event
Validations of the 10-km operational Regional Spectral Model (RSM) and the coupled Mesoscale Spectral Model (MSM) with an advanced land surface model (LSM) forecasts during a 1-month period from 20 May through 20 June 2002 are performed at three ...
Yongxin Zhang; Yi-Leng Chen; Song-You Hong; Hann-Ming Henry Juang; Kevin Kodama
Rigorous evaluation of a soil heat transfer model for mesoscale climate change impact studies
The influence of Climate Change on plant development as well as on carbon and nitrogen cycling in soils is an important research topic for Global Change impact assessment at the regional scale. These changes affect the availability and quality of ground ... Keywords: Energy balance, GLOWA-Danube, Land surface, Mesoscale, Soil temperature
Markus Muerth; Wolfram Mauser
Use of Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation by Newtonian Relaxation and Latent-Heat Forcing to Improve a Mesoscale-Model Precipitation Forecast: A Case Study
The Penn State/NCAR mesoscale model has been used in a study of special static- and dynamic-initialization techniques that improve a very-short-range forecast of the heavy convective rainfall that occurred in Texas, Oklahoma and Kansas during 9¢...
Wei Wang; Thomas T. Warner
Development of a Zero-Dimensional Mesoscale Thermal Model for Urban Climate
A simple energy balance model is created for use in developing mitigation strategies for the urban heat island effect. The model is initially applied to the city of Phoenix, Arizona. There are six primary contributions to the overall energy ...
Humberto R. Silva; Rahul Bhardwaj; Patrick E. Phelan; Jay S. Golden; Susanne Grossman-Clarke
Modulation of Internal Gravity Waves in a Multiscale Model for Deep Convection on Mesoscales
Starting from the conservation laws for mass, momentum, and energy together with a three-species bulk microphysics model, a model for the interaction of internal gravity waves and deep convective hot towers is derived using multiscale asymptotic ...
Daniel Ruprecht; Rupert Klein; Andrew J. Majda
An Application of an Explicit Microphysics Mesoscale Model to a Regional Icing Event
A hydrostatic regional prediction model is modified to permit the existence of both liquid and ice hydrometeors within the same grid volume. The modified model includes an efficient ice-water saturation adjustment and a simple procedure to create ...
George D. Modica; Scot T. Heckman; Roy M. Rasmussen
African Easterly Wave Dynamics in a Mesoscale Numerical Model: The Upscale Role of Convection
To examine the dynamical role of convection in African easterly wave (AEW) life cycles the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to simulate the evolution of a single AEW from September 2004. The model simulations are validated ...
Gareth J. Berry; Chris D. Thorncroft
Development and Analysis of Prognostic Equations for Mesoscale Kinetic Energy and Mesoscale (Subgrid Scale) Fluxes for Large-Scale Atmospheric Models
Mesoscale circulations generated by landscape discontinuities (e.g., sea breezes) are likely to have a significant impact on the hydrologic cycle, the climate, and the weather. However, these processes are not represented in large-scale ...
Roni Avissar; Fei Chen
The 13¢14 December 2001 IMPROVE-2 Event. Part I: Synoptic and Mesoscale Evolution and Comparison with a Mesoscale Model Simulation
This paper describes the large-scale synoptic and mesoscale features of a major precipitation event that affected the second Improvement of Microphysical Parameterization through Observational Verification Experiment (IMPROVE-2) study area on 13¢...
Matthew F. Garvert; Brian A. Colle; Clifford F. Mass
3D Meso-scale Modelling of Aluminum-alloy Welding Processes for ...
In the present study, a granular model of solidification has been developed to simulate the welding process as a first step towards predicting solidificationĀ...
Predicting Tephra Dispersion with a Mesoscale Atmospheric Model and a Particle Fall Model: Application to Cerro Negro Volcano
Models of volcanic ash (tephra) fallout are increasingly used to assess volcanic hazards in advance of eruptions and in near¢real time. These models often approximate the wind field using simplistic assumptions of the atmosphere that do not ...
Marc A. Byrne; Arlene G. Laing; Charles Connor
Development and Testing of a Surface Flux and Planetary Boundary Layer Model for Application in Mesoscale Models
Although the development of soil, vegetation, and atmosphere interaction models has been driven primarily by the need for accurate simulations of long-term energy and moisture budgets in global climate models, the importance of these processes at ...
Jonathan E. Pleim; Aijun Xiu
Evaluation of a Simple Numerical Model as a Mesoscale Weather Forecasting Tool
During the America's Cup race series of 1986¢1987, a numerical sea breeze model was used to assist offshore forecasts. The exercise has provided a detailed insight into the extent to which such a model may assist the forecasting process the ...
P. J. Rye
Mesoscale modeling of irreversible volume growth in powders of anisotropic crystals
Careful thermometric analysis (TMA) on powders of micron-sized triamino-trinitrobenzene (TATB) crystallites are shown to display irreversible growth in volume when subjected to repeated cycles of heating and cooling. Such behavior is counter-intuitive to typical materials response to simulated annealing cycles in atomic-scale molecular dynamics. However, through coarse-grained simulations using a mesoscale Hamiltonian we quantitatively reproduce irreversible growth behavior in such powdered material. We demonstrate that irreversible growth happens only in the presence of intrinsic crystalline anisotropy, and is mediated by particles much smaller than the average crystallite size.
Gee, R; Maiti, A; Fried, L
A Conjunctive Surface¢Subsurface Flow Representation for Mesoscale Land Surface Models
Most current land surface models used in regional weather and climate studies capture soil-moisture transport in only the vertical direction and are therefore unable to capture the spatial variability of soil moisture and its lateral transport. ...
Hyun Il Choi; Xin-Zhong Liang; Praveen Kumar
A Conjunctive Surface-Subsurface Flow Representation for Mesoscale Land Surface Models
Most current land surface models used in regional weather and climate studies capture soil-moisture transport in only the vertical direction and are therefore unable to capture the spatial variability of soil-moisture and its lateral transport. ...
Hyun Il Choi; Xin¢Zhong Liang; Praveen Kumar
The Sensitivity of Precipitation to Circulation Details. Part II: Mesoscale Modeling
A base case and the best time-coherent, regional analog to that case, identified in Part I, were analyzed to determine the precise mechanisms responsible for the differences in precipitation amounts. This analysis was conducted using two modeling ...
Paul J. Roebber; Gerhard W. Reuter
Improving Convective Precipitation Forecasting through Assimilation of Regional Lightning Measurements in a Mesoscale Model
A technique developed for assimilating regional lightning measurements into a meteorological model is presented in this paper. The goal is to assess the effectiveness of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning information for improving the convective ...
Anastasios Papadopoulos; Themis G. Chronis; Emmanouil N. Anagnostou
A Nonreflecting Upper Boundary Condition for Anelastic Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Gravity-Wave Models
A sponge layer is formulated to prevent spurious reflection of vertically propagating quasi-stationary gravity waves at the upper boundary of a two-dimensional numerical anelastic nonhydrostatic model. The sponge layer includes damping of both ...
Young-Joon Kim; Sajal K. Kar; Akio Arakawa
Mesoscale Model Ensemble Forecasts of the 3 May 1999 Tornado Outbreak
A six-member ensemble is developed in which the ensemble members only vary in their model physical process parameterization schemes. This approach is accomplished by mixing three different convective parameterization schemes with two different ...
David J. Stensrud; Steven J. Weiss
Incorporating Surface-Winds and Rainfall Rates into the Initialization of a Mesoscale Hurricane Model
The initialization of a three-dimensional model with operational data for Hurricane Eloise (1975) was studied to assess the impact of using bogus storm data, surface winds, rainfall rates, and a high-resolution surface pressure analysis in the ...
Michael Fiorino; Thomas T. Warner
Improvement of Orographic Gravity Wave Parameterization Using a Mesoscale Gravity Wave Model
Parameterization of gravity waves due to subgrid-scale orography is now included in most existing large-scale models of the atmosphere. Parameterization schemes, however, have so far been evaluated mainly in view of the overall performance of the ...
Young-Joon Kim; Akio Arakawa
The Use of Quasi-Nonhydrostatic Models for Mesoscale Weather Prediction
In recent years, there has been extensive study of the mathematical basis of weather prediction leading to a new system of continuous equations that are well posed, and a set of conditions that make discrete atmospheric and other models stable ...
A. E. MacDonald; J. L. Lee; Y. Xie
Implementation and assessment of turbine wake models in the Weather Research and Forecasting model for both mesoscale and large-eddy simulation
Flow dynamics in large wind projects are influenced by the turbines located within. The turbine wakes, regions characterized by lower wind speeds and higher levels of turbulence than the surrounding free stream flow, can extend several rotor diameters downstream, and may meander and widen with increasing distance from the turbine. Turbine wakes can also reduce the power generated by downstream turbines and accelerate fatigue and damage to turbine components. An improved understanding of wake formation and transport within wind parks is essential for maximizing power output and increasing turbine lifespan. Moreover, the influence of wakes from large wind projects on neighboring wind farms, agricultural activities, and local climate are all areas of concern that can likewise be addressed by wake modeling. This work describes the formulation and application of an actuator disk model for studying flow dynamics of both individual turbines and arrays of turbines within wind projects. The actuator disk model is implemented in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, which is an open-source atmospheric simulation code applicable to a wide range of scales, from mesoscale to large-eddy simulation. Preliminary results demonstrate the applicability of the actuator disk model within WRF to a moderately high-resolution large-eddy simulation study of a small array of turbines.
Singer, M; Mirocha, J; Lundquist, J; Cleve, J
Initially undamaged polymer-bonded explosives can transition from conductive burning to more violent convective burning via rapid deconsolidation at higher pressures. The pressure-dependent infiltration of cracks and pores, i.e., damage, by product gases at the burn-front is a key step in the transition to convective burning. However, the relative influence of pre-existing damage and the evolution of deflagration-induced damage during the transition to convective burning is not well understood. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of microstructure and initial pressurization on deconsolidation. We performed simulations using the multi-physics hydrocode, ALE3D. HMX-Viton A served as our model explosive. A Prout-Tompkins chemical kinetic model, Vielle's Law pressure-dependent burning, Gruneisen equation-of-state, and simplified strength model were used for the HMX. The propensity for deconsolidation increased with increasing defect size and decreasing initial pressurization, as measured by the increase in burning surface area. These studies are important because they enable the development of continuum-scale damage models and the design of inherently safer explosives.
Springer, H K; Glascoe, E A; Reaugh, J E; Kercher, J R; Maienschein, J L
A field project over the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement-Clouds and Radiation Testbed (ARM-CART) site during a period of several nights in September, 2007 was conducted to explore the evolution of the low-level jet (LLJ). Data was collected from a tower and a sodar and analyzed for turbulent behavior. To study the full range of nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) behavior, the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) was used to simulate the ARM-CART NBL field experiment and validated against the data collected from the site. This model was run at high resolution, and is ideal for calculating the interactions among the various motions within the boundary layer and their influence on the surface. The model reproduces adequately the synoptic situation and the formation and dissolution cycles of the low-level jet, although it suffers from insufficient cloud production and excessive nocturnal cooling. The authors suggest that observed heat flux data may further improve the realism of the simulations both in the cloud formation and in the jet characteristics. In a higher resolution simulation, the NBL experiences motion on a range of timescales as revealed by a wavelet analysis, and these are affected by the presence of the LLJ. The model can therefore be used to provide information on activity throughout the depth of the NBL.
Werth, D.; Kurzeja, R.; Parker, M.
Shape Analysis and Spatio-Temporal Tracking of Mesoscale Eddies in Miami Isopycnic Coordinate Ocean Model
Detection and analysis of ocean surface phenomena have so far relied on manual analysis of long sequences of satellite images or images produced from the mathematical models. In this paper a technique for the three-dimensional shape analysis and spato-temporall ...
Veena Moolani; Ramprasad Balasubramanian; Li Shen; Amit Tandon
A Multiyear Regional Climate Hindcast for the Western United States Using the Mesoscale Atmospheric Simulation Model
In preparation for studying the effects of increased CO2 on the hydrologic cycle in the western United States, an 8-yr hindcast was performed using a regional climate model (RCM) driven by the large-scale forcing from the NCEP¢NCAR reanalysis. ...
Jinwon Kim; Jung-Eun Lee
Evaluation of Snow Depth and Soil Temperatures Predicted by the Hydro¢Thermodynamic Soil¢Vegetation Scheme Coupled with the Fifth-Generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model
The Hydro¢Thermodynamic Soil¢Vegetation Scheme (HTSVS) coupled in a two-way mode with the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Mesoscale Meteorological Model (MM5) is evaluated for a ...
Balachandrudu Narapusetty; Nicole M÷lders
The IMPROVE-1 Storm of 1¢2 February 2001. Part III: Sensitivity of a Mesoscale Model Simulation to the Representation of Snow Particle Types and Testing of a Bulk Microphysical Scheme with Snow Habit Prediction
A mesoscale model simulation of a wide cold-frontal rainband observed in the Pacific Northwest during the Improvement of Microphysical Parameterization through Observational Verification Experiment (IMPROVE-1) field study was used to test the ...
Christopher P. Woods; Mark T. Stoelinga; John D. Locatelli
The sensitivity of the PSU-NCAR model (MM5) to cumulus parameterization in simulating the mesoscale environment associated with 2 June 1995 West Texas tornado outbreak
On 2 June 1995, many supercede thunderstorms were graphics. observed in West Texas between Lubbock and Amarillo under the synoptic and mesoscale environment which was increasingly more supportive of severe convection. Of the storms, those which crossed a particular outflow boundary, generated by earlier convection, produced violent tornadoes near Friona and Dimmitt, Texas. As documented in numerous other studies, the outflow boundary generated from the earlier convection seemed to play a important role in producing tornadic supercedes. This study presents observational features of the event, performs model simulations with three disparate cumulus parameterization schemes, and does a careful comparison between the simulations and observations. This study tries to understand the sequence of events which preceded the severe storm outbreak. Particularly, mesoscale features such as the dry line and outflow boundaries are carefully documented. Because of the significant impact of the convective outflow boundaries, this study tries to examine the sensitivity of the PSU/NCAR three dimensional nonhydrostatic mesoscale model (MM5) to the choice of cumulus parameterization scheme. The schemes used in this study include Kain-Fritsch, Fritsch-Chappell, and Grell schemes. The model simulation has a 67 x 67 grid domain centered at 35[] N and 102[] W with 27 km grid spacing, and starts at 12 UTC 2 June for 12-h forecast. The simulation results showed that, even though the general features agreed well among the three different simulations, the mesoscale features such as the outflow boundary, convective rain, temperature gradient, and pressure gradient associated with tee convective outflow were somewhat different among the different cumulus parameterizations. It seemed that the different behavior of the simulations was strongly dependent on the components constructing each cumulus parameterization. Despite the limitation of evidence suggested in this study, the Kain-Fritsch scheme appeared to be most suitable for the simulation of meso-[] scale features.
Han, Sang-Ok
Sensitivity of Convective Cloud Growth to Mesoscale Lifting: A Numerical Analysis of Mesoscale Convective Triggering
Numerical model simulation of mesoscale lifting of the convective environment indicates that the ability of the environment to develop deep moist convection increases as mesoscale lifting increases. Mesoscale lifting produces increases in modeled ...
David A. Matthews; Bernard A. Silverman
Performance of mesoscale modeling methods for predicting microstructure, mobility and rheology of charged suspensions.
In this presentation we examine the accuracy and performance of a suite of discrete-element-modeling approaches to predicting equilibrium and dynamic rheological properties of polystyrene suspensions. What distinguishes each approach presented is the methodology of handling the solvent hydrodynamics. Specifically, we compare stochastic rotation dynamics (SRD), fast lubrication dynamics (FLD) and dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). Method-to-method comparisons are made as well as comparisons with experimental data. Quantities examined are equilibrium structure properties (e.g. pair-distribution function), equilibrium dynamic properties (e.g. short- and long-time diffusivities), and dynamic response (e.g. steady shear viscosity). In all approaches we deploy the DLVO potential for colloid-colloid interactions. Comparisons are made over a range of volume fractions and salt concentrations. Our results reveal the utility of such methods for long-time diffusivity prediction can be dubious in certain ranges of volume fraction, and other discoveries regarding the best formulation to use in predicting rheological response.
Pierce, Flint; Grillet, Anne Mary; Grest, Gary Stephen; Lechman, Jeremy B.; Plimpton, Steven James; in't Veld, Pieter J. (BASF Corporation Ludwigshafen, Germany); Schunk, Peter Randall; Heine, D. R. (Corning, Inc. Corning, NY); Stoltz, C. (Procter and Gamble Co. West Chester, OH); Weiss, Horst (BASF Corporation Ludwigshafen, Germany); Jendrejack, R. (3M Corporation St. Paul, MN); Petersen, Matthew K.
Using Initial Condition and Model Physics Perturbations in Short-Range Ensemble Simulations of Mesoscale Convective Systems
Two separate numerical model ensembles are created by using model configurations with different model physical process parameterization schemes and identical initial conditions, and by using different model initial conditions from a Monte Carlo ...
David J. Stensrud; Jian-Wen Bao; Thomas T. Warner
A Numerical Study of a Mesoscale Convective System during TOGA COARE. Part I: Model Description and Verification
A 16-h numerical simulation of the growing and mature stages of the 15 December 1992 Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean¢Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) mesoscale convective system (MCS) is performed to demonstrate the ...
Badrinath Nagarajan; M. K. Yau; Da-Lin Zhang
Tests of an Ensemble Kalman Filter for Mesoscale and Regional-Scale Data Assimilation. Part II: Imperfect Model Experiments
In Part I of this two-part work, the feasibility of using an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) for mesoscale and regional-scale data assimilation through various observing system simulation experiments was demonstrated assuming a perfect forecast ...
Zhiyong Meng; Fuqing Zhang
A Multilayer Upper-Boundary Condition for Longwave Radiative Flux to Correct Temperature Biases in a Mesoscale Model
An upper-level cold bias in potential temperature tendencies of 10 K day?1, strongest at the top of the model, is observed in Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model forecasts. The bias originates from the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model ...
Steven M. Cavallo; Jimy Dudhia; Chris Snyder
1396 JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY VOLUME 46 A Combined Local and Nonlocal Closure Model for the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Part II: Application and Evaluation in a Mesoscale Meteorological Model
A new combined local and nonlocal closure atmospheric boundary layer model called the Asymmetric Convective Model, version 2, (ACM2) was described and tested in one-dimensional form and was compared with large-eddy simulations and field data in Part I. Herein, the incorporation of the ACM2 into the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) is described. Model simulations using the MM5 with the ACM2 are made for the summer of 2004 and evaluated through comparison with surface meteorological measurements, rawinsonde profile measurements, and observed planetary boundary layer (PBL) heights derived from radar wind profilers. Overall model performance is as good as or better than similar MM5 evaluation studies. The MM5 simulations with the ACM2 compare particularly well to PBL heights derived from radar wind profilers during the afternoon hours. The ACM2 is designed to simulate the vertical mixing of any modeled quantity realistically for both meteorological models and air quality models. The next step, to be described in a subsequent article, is to incorporate the ACM2 into the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model for testing and evaluation. 1.
Jonathan E. Pleim
Relationship between Precipitation Rates at the Ground and AloftŚA Modeling Study
Two cloud-resolving mesoscale models, the Karlsruhe Atmospheric Mesoscale Model (KAMM) and the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5), were used to study reflectivity factor¢...
Nikolai Dotzek; Thorsten Fehr
U.S. West Coast Surface Heat Fluxes, Wind Stress, and Wind Stress Curl from a Mesoscale Model
Monthly averages of numerical model fields are beneficial for depicting patterns in surface forcing such as sensible and latent heat fluxes, wind stress, and wind stress curl over data-sparse ocean regions. Grid resolutions less than 10 km ...
T. Haack; S. D. Burk; R. M. Hodur
Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction Models Used in Support of Infrared Hyperspectral Measurement Simulation and Product Algorithm Development
A novel application of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models within an end-to-end processing system used to demonstrate advanced hyperspectral satellite technologies and instrument concepts is presented. As part of this system, sophisticated ...
Jason A. Otkin; Derek J. Posselt; Erik R. Olson; Hung-Lung Huang; James E. Davies; Jun Li; Christopher S. Velden
AVHRR-Derived Land Surface Conditions for Flux Simulations with a Mesoscale Model over the HAPEX-Sahel Study Area
The description of land surface conditions at a spatial scale adapted to climate and meteorological models is at the core of major problems in environment studies. In this regard, the information routinely provided by remote sensing observations ...
Roselyne Lacaze; Sylvie Donier; Pierre LacarrĶre; Jean-Louis Roujean
Simulation of microphysical structure associated with tropical cloud clusters using mesoscale model and comparison with TRMM observations
An attempt has been made in the present study to examine the microphysical structure of a non-squall Tropical Cloud Cluster (TCC). Three-dimensional model simulations of cloud microphysical structure associated with a non-squall TCC occurred on 26 October ...
S. Abhilash; K. Mohankumar; S. Das
Comparison of the Diurnal Precipitation Cycle in Convection-Resolving and Non-Convection-Resolving Mesoscale Models
The diurnal cycles of rainfall in 5-km grid-spacing convection-resolving and 22-km grid-spacing non-convection-resolving configurations of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model are compared to see if significant improvements can be ...
Adam J. Clark; William A. Gallus Jr.; Tsing-Chang Chen
Segmentation and Tracking of Mesoscale Eddies in Numeric Ocean Models Vishal Sood, Bin John, Ramprasad Balasubramanian and Amit Tandon*
, Ramprasad Balasubramanian and Amit Tandon* Department of Computer and Information Science. Tandon and V. Shah Visualization methods for heat transport in Miami Isopycnic Circulation Ocean Model (MICOM). IASTED CGIM. Hawaii, USA. 281-286, August 2002. [2] R. Balasubramanian, A. Tandon, B. John and V
Tandon, Amit
Determining Greenland Ice Sheet sensitivity to regional climate change: one-way coupling of a 3-D thermo-mechanical ice sheet model with a mesoscale climate model
responsible almost 40% of the ice sheetÆs total dischargeCurrently, no coupled Greenland Ice Sheet model experimentaccelerated melting of Greenland ice sheet, Science, v. 313,
Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne
A Combined Local and Nonlocal Closure Model for the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Part II: Application and Evaluation in a Mesoscale Meteorological Model
A new combined local and nonlocal closure atmospheric boundary layer model called the Asymmetric Convective Model, version 2, (ACM2) was described and tested in one-dimensional form and was compared with large-eddy simulations and field data in ...
Top-down estimate of anthropogenic emission inventories and their interannual variability in Houston using a mesoscale inverse modeling technique
The 2000 and 2006 Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS 2000 and 2006) field campaigns took place in eastern Texas in August-October of 2000 and 2006. Several flights of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) research aircraft were dedicated to characterizing anthropogenic emissions over Houston. Houston is known for having serious problems with non-attainment of air quality standards. We present a method that uses three models and aircraft observations to assess and improve existing emission inventories using an inverse modeling technique. We used 3-dimensional and 4-dimensional variational (3D-VAR and 4D-VAR) inverse modeling techniques based on a least-squares method to improve the spatial and temporal distribution of CO, NOy (sum of all reactive nitrogen compounds), and SO2 emissions predicted by the 4-km-resolution U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Emission Inventory (NEI) for 2005. Differences between the prior and posterior inventories are discussed in detail. We found that in 2006 the prior daytime emissions in the urban area of Houston have to be reduced by 40% {+-} 12% for CO and 7% {+-} 13% for NOy. Over the Houston Ship Channel, where industrial emissions are predominant, the prior emissions have to be reduced by 41% {+-} 15% for CO and 51% {+-} 9% for NOy. Major ports around Houston have their NOy emissions reduced as well, probably due to uncertainties in near-shore ship emissions in the EPA NEI inventory. Using the measurements from the two field campaigns, we assessed the interannual emission variability between 2000 and 2006. Daytime CO emissions from the Houston urban area have been reduced by 8% {+-} 20%, while the NOy emissions have increased by 20% {+-} 12% from 2000 to 2006. In the Houston Ship Channel, the daytime NOy emissions have increased by 13% {+-} 17%. Our results show qualitative consistencies with known changes in Houston emissions sources.
Brioude, J.; Kim, S. W.; Angevine, Wayne M.; Frost, G. J.; Lee, S. H.; McKeen, S. A.; Trainer, Michael; Fehsenfeld, Fred C.; Holloway, J. S.; Ryerson, T. B.; Williams, E. J.; Petron, Gabrielle; Fast, Jerome D.
Ģ A very typical statistical/econometric model assumes something like yt ? i.i.d. f (y, x, ?) (1) where f (Ę) is a parametric family known up to parameters ?. Ģ Parameter estimation: maximum likelihood ł?n = arg max ? ln f (Yt, Xt, ?) (2) t Ģ What if the basic model assumptions of (1) are violated? The parametric family may not contain the true model f0(x, y) that generated the data; or the data may not be i.i.d.; etc. Misspecified
Stas Kolenikov; U Of Missouri; U Of Missouri
One-Level Diagnostic Modeling of Mesoscale Surface Winds in Complex Terrain. Part I: Comparison with Three-Dimensional Modeling in Israel
A one-level sigma-coordinate model originally developed by Danard and modified by Mass and Dempsey and Alpert et al., is applied to the study of surface flow over an averaged summer diurnal cycle in Israel. The detailed flow features are compared ...
P. Alpert; B. Getenio
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ALE-AMR ALE-AMR code Wangyi Liu, John Bernard, Alex Friedman, Nathan Masters, Aaron Fisher, Velemir Mlaker, Alice Koniges, David Eder June 4, 2011 Abstract In this paper we describe an implementation of a single-fluid inter- face model in the ALE-AMR code to simulate surface tension effects. The model does not require explicit information on the physical state of the two phases. The only change to the existing fluid equations is an additional term in the stress tensor. We show results of applying the model to an expanding Al droplet surrounded by an Al vapor, where additional droplets are created. 1 Introduction The Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment II (NDCX II) is an induction accelerator planned for initial commissioning in 2012. The final design calls for a 3 MeV, Li+ ion beam, delivered in a bunch with characteristic pulse duration of 1 ns, and transverse dimension of order 1 mm. The
A Summertime Antarctic Mesocyclone Event over the Southern Pacific during FROST SOP-3: A Mesoscale Analysis Using AVHRR, SSM/I, ERS, and Numerical Model Data
The development of three summertime mesoscale cyclones (MCs) over the northern Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas from 10 to 12 January 1995 (during FROST SOP-3) is studied by means of AVHRR data, ERS and SSM/I retrievals, and mesoscale numerical ...
Michael Lieder; G³nther Heinemann
Workstation-Based Real-Time Mesoscale Modeling Designed for Weather Support to Operations at the Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Station
This paper describes the capabilities and operational utility of a version of the Mesoscale Atmospheric Simulation System (MASS) that has been developed to support operational weather forecasting at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and Cape ...
John Manobianco; Gregory E. Taylor; John W. Zack
High-Resolution Observations and Model Simulations of the Life Cycle of an Intense Mesoscale Snowband over the Northeastern United States
This paper investigates the structural and dynamical evolution of an intense mesoscale snowband occurring 25¢26 December 2002 over the northeastern United States. Dual-Doppler, wind profiler, aircraft, and water vapor observations in concert with ...
David R. Novak; Brian A. Colle; Sandra E. Yuter
Mesoscale Predictability of an Extreme Warm-Season Precipitation Event
A mesoscale model is used to investigate the mesoscale predictability of an extreme precipitation event over central Texas on 29 June 2002 that lasted through 7 July 2002. Both the intrinsic and practical aspects of warm-season predictability, ...
Fuqing Zhang; Andrew M. Odins; John W. Nielsen-Gammon
A Reanalysis System for the Generation of Mesoscale Climatographies
The use of a mesoscale model¢based four-dimensional data assimilation (FDDA) system for generating mesoscale climatographies is demonstrated. This dynamical downscaling method utilizes the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National ...
Andrea N. Hahmann; Dorita Rostkier-Edelstein; Thomas T. Warner; Francois Vandenberghe; Yubao Liu; Richard Babarsky; Scott P. Swerdlin
The Use of Cloud-Resolving Simulations of Mesoscale Convective Systems to Build a Mesoscale Parameterization Scheme
A method is described for parameterizing thermodynamic forcing by the mesoscale updrafts and downdrafts of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in models with resolution too coarse to resolve these drafts. The parameterization contains ...
G. David Alexander; William R. Cotton
A High-Resolution Climate Model for the U.S. Pacific Northwest: Mesoscale Feedbacks and Local Responses to Climate Change
Simulations of future climate scenarios produced with a high-resolution climate model show markedly different trends in temperature and precipitation over the Pacific Northwest than in the global model in which it is nested, apparently because of ...
Eric P. Salathķ Jr.; Richard Steed; Clifford F. Mass; Patrick H. Zahn
Multiscale Interactions in the Life Cycle of a Tropical Cyclone Simulated in a Global Cloud-System-Resolving Model. Part II: System-Scale and Mesoscale Processes
The life cycle of Tropical Storm Isobel was simulated reasonably well in the Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM), a global cloud-system-resolving model. The evolution of the large-scale circulation and the storm-scale structure ...
Hironori Fudeyasu; Yuqing Wang; Masaki Satoh; Tomoe Nasuno; Hiroaki Miura; Wataru Yanase
An Intercomparison of Simulated Rainfall and Evapotranspiration Associated with a Mesoscale Convective System over West Africa
An evaluation of precipitation and evapotranspiration simulated by mesoscale models is carried out within the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) program. Six models performed simulations of a mesoscale convective system (MCS) ...
Franńoise Guichard; Nicole Asencio; Christophe Peugeot; Olivier Bock; Jean-Luc Redelsperger; Xuefeng Cui; Matthew Garvert; Benjamin Lamptey; Emiliano Orlandi; Julia Sander; Federico Fierli; Miguel Angel Gaertner; Sarah C. Jones; Jean-Philippe Lafore; Andrew Morse; Mathieu Nuret; Aaron Boone; Gianpaolo Balsamo; Patricia de Rosnay; Bertrand Decharme; Philip P. Harris; J.-C. BergĶs
Mathematical Modelling of Microshrinkage Formation during ...
3D Meso-scale Modelling of Aluminum-alloy Welding Processes for Prediction of ... Frequency Modulation Effect on the Solidification of Alloy 718 Fusion Zone.
Forecasting Techniques The Use of Hourly Model-Generated Soundings to Forecast Mesoscale Phenomena. Part I: Initial Assessment in Forecasting Warm-Season Phenomena
Since late 1995, NCEP has made available to forecasters hourly model guidance at selected sites in the form of vertical profiles of various forecast fields. These profiles provide forecasters with increased temporal resolution and greater ...
Robert E. Hart; Gregory S. Forbes; Richard H. Grumm
The Use of Global and Mesoscale Meteorological Model Data to Predict the Transport and Dispersion of Tracer Plumes over Washington, D.C.
The data from a yearlong tracer dispersion experiment over Washington, D.C., in 1984 were used to evaluate Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) dispersion model calculations using coarse global meteorological ...
Roland R. Draxler
The Use and Interpretation of Numerical Weather Prediction Model Output in Identifying Synoptic-Scale Environments Associated with Development of Mesoscale Convective Systems
An experiment is reported in which derived diagnostic parameters computed from Limited-area Fine-Mesh (LFM) model gridpoint data were examined to determine subjectively whether their availability in real time would assist the forecaster in ...
Barry E. Schwartz; Dennis M. Rodgers; J. Todd Hawes
Mesoscale Atmospheric Modeling Using a High Horizontal Grid Resolution over a Complex Coastal Terrain and a Wine Region of South Africa
The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) was used to assess local air circulation patterns over the wine-producing Stellenbosch region of South Africa. Numerical simulations using four nested grids (25, 5, and 1 km, and 200 m of horizontal ...
V. Bonnardot; S. Cautenet
Intercomparison of Meteorological Forcing Data from Empirical and Mesoscale Model Sources in the North Fork American River Basin in Northern Sierra Nevada, California
The data required to drive distributed hydrological models are significantly limited within mountainous terrain because of a scarcity of observations. This study evaluated three common configurations of forcing data: 1) one low-elevation station, ...
Nicholas E. Wayand; Alan F. Hamlet; Mimi Hughes; Shara I. Feld; Jessica D. Lundquist
Microphysical and Thermodynamic Structure and Evolution of the Trailing Stratiform Regions of Mesoscale Convective Systems during BAMEX. Part II: Column Model Simulations
This study employed a nondynamic microphysical column model to evaluate the degree to which the microphysical processes of sublimation, melting, and evaporation alone can explain the evolution of the relative humidity (RH) and latent cooling ...
Joseph A. Grim; Greg M. McFarquhar; Robert M. Rauber; Andrea M. Smith; Brian F. Jewett
Heavy Duty Diesel Particulate Matter and Fuel Consumption Modeling for Transportation Analysis
fuel use. Mesoscale Modeling Data Set and Mesoscale Modelobserved, quantified in the data set, and modeled to improveerrors for the validation data set are less than 2% for fuel
Scora, George Alexander
Numerical Simulation of Organized Convection. Part I: Model Description and Preliminary Comparisons with Squall Line Observations
A numerical model designed for the simulations of mesoscale flows perturbed by deep convective clouds is discussed. It is based on the time dependent coupling between a three-dimensional nonhydrostatic mesoscale model and a quasi-one-dimensional ...
Yves Pointin
The Mesoscale and Microscale Structure and Organization of Clouds and Precipitation in Midlatitude Cyclones. VIII: A Model for the ōSeeder-Feederö Process in Warm-Frontal Rainbands
Previous field studies have indicated that warm-frontal rainbands form when ice particles from a ōseederö cloud grow as they fall through a lower-level ōfeederö cloud. In this paper we present results from a parameterized numerical model of the ...
Steven A. Rutledge; Peterv Hobbs
An Alternative Approach to Nonhydrostatic Modeling
An alternative approach to the design of nonhydrostatic numerical weather prediction (NWP) models is presented. Instead of extending mesoscale nonhydrostatic modeling concepts to the synoptic scales and beyond, a hydrostatic NWP model using the ...
Z. I. Janjic; J. P. Gerrity Jr.; S. Nickovic
A Forecast Strategy for Anticipating Cold Season Mesoscale Band Formation within Eastern U.S. Cyclones
An ingredients-based, time- and scale-dependent forecast strategy for anticipating cold season mesoscale band formation within eastern U.S. cyclones is presented. This strategy draws on emerging conceptual models of mesoscale band development, ...
David R. Novak; Jeff S. Waldstreicher; Daniel Keyser; Lance F. Bosart
Sensitivity of Mesoscale Gravity Waves to the Baroclinicity of Jet-Front Systems
This study investigates the sensitivity of mesoscale gravity waves to the baroclinicity of the background jet-front systems by simulating different life cycles of baroclinic waves with a high-resolution mesoscale model. Four simulations are made ...
Shuguang Wang; Fuqing Zhang
Recipes for Correcting the Impact of Effective Mesoscale Resolution on the Estimation of Extreme Winds
Extreme winds derived from simulations using mesoscale models are underestimated because of the effective spatial and temporal resolutions. This is reflected in the spectral domain as an energy deficit in the mesoscale range. The energy deficit ...
Xiaoli Guo Larsķn; S°ren Ott; Jake Badger; Andrea N. Hahmann; Jakob Mann
QNH: Mesoscale Bounded Derivative Initialization and Winter Storm Test over Complex Terrain
Mesoscale bounded derivative initialization (BDI) is utilized to derive dynamical constraints, from which elliptic equations are formulated to derive smooth initial fields over complex terrain for mesoscale models. The initialization is ...
J. L. Lee; A. E. MacDonald
Nonlinear Influence of Mesoscale Land Use on Weather and Climate
This paper demonstrates that the influence of mesoscale landscape spatial variability on the atmosphere must be parameterized (or explicitly modeled) in larger-scale atmospheric model simulations including general circulation models. The ...
R. A. Pielke; G. A. Dalu; J. S. Snook; T. J. Lee; T. G. F. Kittel
Distributed Processing of a Regional Prediction Model
This paper describes the parallelization of a mesoscale-cloud-scale numerical weather prediction model and experiments conducted to assess its performance. The model used is the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS), a limited-area ...
Kenneth W. Johnson; Jeff Bauer; Gregory A. Riccardi; Kelvin K. Droegemeier; Ming Xue
Mesoscale Evolution of a Continental Occluded Cyclone
A diagnostic study of a continental occluding extratropical cyclone (ETC) during 1¢2 November 1992 is presented using initializations from the Mesoscale Atmospheric Prediction System (MAPS), a hybrid sigma¢isentropic coordinate model. Whereas ...
Patrick S. Market; James T. Moore
Real-Time Mesoscale Prediction on workstations
Experience in performing real-time mesoscale numerical prediction forecasts using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) over Colorado for a winter season on high-performance workstations is summarized. Performance evaluation is done for ...
William R. Cotton; Gregory Thompson; Paul W. Mieike Jr.
Posters Single-Column Model for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement...
Measurement Sites: Model Development and Sensitivity Test Q. Xu and M. Dong Cooperative Institute of Mesoscale Meteorological Studies University of Oklahoma Norman,...
An Evaluation of the MM5, RAMS, and Meso-Eta Models at Subkilometer Resolution Using VTMX Field Campaign Data in the Salt Lake Valley
This study presents what is, to the authors' knowledge, the first intercomparison and evaluation of three state-of-the-art mesoscale numerical models, the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MMS), the Regional ...
Shiyuan Zhong; Jerome Fast
Multiscale modeling with carbon nanotubes
Technologically important nanomaterials come in all shapes and sizes. They can range from small molecules to complex composites and mixtures. Depending upon the spatial dimensions of the system and properties under investigation computer modeling of ... Keywords: DFT (density functional theory), Mesoscale modeling, Molecular modeling, NEGF (nonequilibrium Green's function), NEMS (nanoelectromechanical sensors), Nanocomposites, Nanotubes, Sensors
Amitesh Maiti
Numerical Experiments in Mesoscale Prediction over Southeast Australia
A new movable fine-mesh model (MFM) developed at the Australian Numerical Meteorology Research Centre, for mesoscale data assimilation and forecasting, is described. For the present, it is a 10-layer, hydrostatic, primitive equations model with ...
D. J. Gauntlett; L. M. Leslie; L. W. Logan
Development of a Land Surface Model. Part II: Data Assimilation
Part I described a land surface model, its implementation in the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5), and some model evaluation results. Part II describes the indirect soil ...
The Influence of Artificial and Physical Factors upon Predictability Estimates Using a Complex Limited-Area Model
Recently, optimistic reports have appeared indicating that mesoscale circulations are more predictable than synoptic scale circulations. These have been based on studies using limited-area meso-?-scale forecast models. Warnings have also appeared ...
Tomislava Vukicevic; Ronald M. Errico
Effects of Synoptic-scale Wind under the Typical Summer Pressure Pattern on the Mesoscale High-Temperature Events in the Osaka and Kyoto Urban Areas in Japan by the WRF model
The actual conditions of the mesoscale summer high temperatures (HT) recorded in Osaka-Kyoto urban area in Japan were investigated by using our observation network. The daytime temperatures observed on ten HT events in this area were the highest ...
Yuya Takane; Yukitaka Ohashi; Hiroyuki Kusaka; Yoshinori Shigeta; Yukihiro Kikegawa
The IAGL Land Surface Model
A model that computes the fluxes of energy and momentum between the land surface and the atmosphere is presented. It is designed to serve as a lower boundary in a mesoscale atmospheric model and is intended to be used to study the influence of ...
Koen De Ridder; Guy Schayes
Numerical Investigation of Mesoscale Circulations over the Los Angeles Basin. Part I. A Verification Study
This paper describes some improvements to the Colorado State University mesoscale model and the evaluation of the model's accuracy in simulating airflows in the Los Angeles Basin. Model output was compared with observations taken on two ...
Brian L. Ulrickson; Clifford F. Mass
Passive millimeter-wave retrieval of global precipitation utilizing satellites and a numerical weather prediction model
This thesis develops and validates the MM5/TBSCAT/F([lambda]) model, composed of a mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) model (MM5), a two-stream radiative transfer model (TBSCAT), and electromagnetic models for ...
Surussavadee, Chinnawat
Meteorological Model Evaluation for CalNex 2010
The performance of mesoscale meteorological models is evaluated for the coastal zone and Los Angeles area of Southern California, and for the San Joaquin Valley. Several configurations of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) with ...
Wayne M. Angevine; Lee Eddington; Kevin Durkee; Chris Fairall; Laura Bianco; Jerome Brioude
Ocean Eddy Dynamics in a Coupled Ocean¢Atmosphere Model
The role of mesoscale oceanic eddies is analyzed in a quasigeostrophic coupled ocean¢atmosphere model operating at a large Reynolds number. The model dynamics are characterized by decadal variability that involves nonlinear adjustment of the ...
P. Berloff; W. Dewar; S. Kravtsov; J. McWilliams
A Radar Simulator for High-Resolution Nonhydrostatic Models
A full radar simulator for high-resolution (1¢5 km) nonhydrostatic models has been developed within the research nonhydrostatic mesoscale atmospheric (Meso-NH) model. This simulator is made up of building blocks, each of which describes a ...
Olivier Caumont; Vķronique Ducrocq; Guy Delrieu; Marielle Gosset; Jean-Pierre Pinty; Jacques Parent du ChŌtelet; Hervķ Andrieu; Yvon LemaŅtre; Georges Scialom
The Canadian MC2: A Semi-Lagrangian, Semi-Implicit Wideband Atmospheric Model Suited for Finescale Process Studies and Simulation
This paper attempts to document the developmental research and early mesoscale results of the new fully nonhydrostatic atmospheric model called MC2 (mesoscale compressible community). Its numerical scheme is the semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian ...
Robert Benoit; Michel Desgagnķ; Pierre Pellerin; Simon Pellerin; Yves Chartier; Serge Desjardins
Mesoscale Cloud State Estimation from Visible and Infrared Satellite Radiances
This study focuses on cloudy atmosphere state estimation from high-resolution visible and infrared satellite remote sensing measurements and a mesoscale model with explicit cloud prediction. The cloud state is defined as 3D spatially distributed ...
T. Vukicevic; T. Greenwald; M. Zupanski; D. Zupanski; T. Vonder Haar; A. S. Jones
Coupling between Gravity Waves and Tropical Convection at Mesoscales
An idealized cloud-system-resolving model simulation is used to examine the coupling between a tropical cloud population and the mesoscale gravity waves that it generates. Spectral analyses of the cloud and gravity wave fields identify a clear ...
Todd P. Lane; Fuqing Zhang
Idealized Mesoscale Convective System Structure and Propagation Using Convective Parameterization
The development and propagation of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) was examined within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model using the Kain¢Fritsch (KF) cumulus parameterization scheme and a modified version of this scheme. ...
James Correia Jr.; Raymond W. Arritt; Christopher J. Anderson
Using Radar Wind Observations to Improve Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction
A high-resolution radar data assimilation system is presented for high-resolution numerical weather prediction models. The system is under development at the Naval Research Laboratory for the NavyÆs Coupled Ocean¢Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction ...
Qingyun Zhao; John Cook; Qin Xu; Paul R. Harasti
Mesoscale Moisture Initialization for Monsoon and Hurricane Forecasts
This paper addresses physical initialization of precipitation rates for a mesoscale numerical weather prediction model. This entails a slight modification of the vertical profile of the humidity variable that provides a close match between the ...
T. N. Krishnamurti; S. Pattnaik; D. V. Bhaskar Rao
Mesoscale Moisture Analysis of the North American Monsoon
The regional circulations that contribute moisture to the large precipitation over northwestern Mexico, the core region of the North American monsoon, are investigated using three summer seasons (July¢September 1995¢97) of Eta Model mesoscale ...
Ernesto Hugo Berbery
Meso-?-scale Pressure Dips Associated with Typhoons
Using a mesoscale model, the formation process of a pressure dip, which was characterized by a rapid decrease and subsequent increase in surface pressure lasting less than an hour, was investigated. A simulated pressure dip accompanied by Typhoon ...
Hironori Fudeyasu; Satoshi Iizuka; Taiichi Hayashi
Temperature and Humidity Profiles in Mesoscale Unsaturated Downdrafts
Profiles of temperature and humidity beneath precipitating anvil clouds in tropical convective systems suggest the presence of a mesoscale unsaturated downdraft there. In this paper, a one-dimensional, steady-state, hydrostatic model of a ...
Colleen A. Leary
The Australian Summertime Cool Change. Part II: Mesoscale Aspects
Observations of four cold-frontal systems traversing the coastal region of southeast Australia in late spring and early summer are described in terms of process occurring on the mesoscale. A conceptual model is presented which summarizes the main ...
J. R. Garratt; W. L. Physick; R. K. Smith; A. J. Troup
The Impact of GEM and MM5 Modeled Meteorological Conditions on CMAQ Air Quality Modeling Results in Eastern Canada and the Northeastern United States
The fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) is currently the meteorological model most widely used as input into the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. In ...
Steven C. Smyth; Dazhong Yin; Helmut Roth; Weimin Jiang; Michael D. Moran; Louis-Philippe Crevier
Assessment of Molecular Modeling & Simulation
This report reviews the development and applications of molecular and materials modeling in Europe and Japan in comparison to those in the United States. Topics covered include computational quantum chemistry, molecular simulations by molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo methods, mesoscale modeling of material domains, molecular-structure/macroscale property correlations like QSARs and QSPRs, and related information technologies like informatics and special-purpose molecular-modeling computers. The panel's findings include the following: The United States leads this field in many scientific areas. However, Canada has particular strengths in DFT methods and homogeneous catalysis; Europe in heterogeneous catalysis, mesoscale, and materials modeling; and Japan in materials modeling and special-purpose computing. Major government-industry initiatives are underway in Europe and Japan, notably in multi-scale materials modeling and in development of chemistry-capable ab-initio molecular dynamics codes.
ARM - Publications: Science Team Meeting Documents: Evaluation of mesoscale
Evaluation of mesoscale model cloud simulations of the March 2000 IOP Evaluation of mesoscale model cloud simulations of the March 2000 IOP Tselioudis, George NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Studies A suite of mesoscale models was used to produce month-long runs of the March 2000 SGP IOP. The model cloud fields were evaluated against satellite and in-situ observations, using both monthly statistics of cloud properties and instantaneous cloud property distributions. It was found that compared to satellite retrievals models tend to overestimate cloud optical thickness in all dynamic regimes. The reasons for the differences in satellite and model cloud fields were investigated. Preliminary results indicate that the large model optical depths may be caused by an overestimate of cloud ice water amounts in the model simulations. Part of the differences, however,
Evaluation of Meteorological Models MM5 and HOTMAC Using PAFEX-I Data
Two meteorological models, the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) and the hydrostatic version of the Higher-Order Turbulence Model for Atmospheric Circulation (HOTMAC), ...
Sang-Mi Lee; Harindra J. S. Fernando
Evaluating a Hybrid Prognostic¢Diagnostic Model That Improves Wind Forecast Resolution in Complex Coastal Topography
The results from a hybrid approach that combines the forecasts of a mesoscale model with a diagnostic wind model to produce high-resolution wind forecasts in complex coastal orography are evaluated. The simple diagnostic wind model [Winds on ...
Francis L. Ludwig; Douglas K. Miller; Shawn G. Gallaher
Source of Gravity Waves within a Vortex-Dipole Jet Revealed by a Linear Model
This study develops a linear numerical model to address the source mechanism of the gravity waves generated within a vortex dipole simulated in a fully nonlinear nonhydrostatic mesoscale model. The background flow for this linear model is ...
Numerical Simulation of Topographically Forced Mesoscale Variability in a Well-Mixed Marine Layer
A simple nonlinear numerical model of a well-mixed marine layer is used to study topographically forced mesoscale variability off coastal California. The model is used to simulate a persistent wind maximum observed near Point Conception during ...
Lee W. Eddington; J. J. O'brien; D. W. Stuart
Interactions between a Developing Mesoscale Convective System and Its Environment. Part II: Numerical Simulation
The 19 July 1993 mesoscale convective system (MCS), discussed in Part I, was simulated using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS). The model was initialized with variable physiographic and atmospheric data with the goal of reproducing ...
Jason E. Nachamkin; William R. Cotton
The Influence of Mesoscale Orography on a Coastal Jet and Rainband
The role of mesoscale orography along the central California coast in the development and evolution of a coastal jet and rainband is investigated using a high-resolution, triply nested, nonhydrostatic numerical model. Comparison of the model ...
James D. Doyle
Numerical Simulation of Nonlinear Mesoscale Circulations Induced by the Thermal Heterogeneities of Land Surface
Mesoscale circulations forced by a random distribution of surface sensible heat flux have been investigated using a three-dimensional numerical model. The complex land surface is modeled as a homogeneous random field characterized by a spectral ...
Jingfeng Wang; Elfatih A. B. Eltahir; Rafael L. Bras
Using a combination of two models in tracer simulations
The use of a combination of two models, a Lagrangian meso-scale model and a long-range transport Eulerian model, in a model for studying the air pollution caused by a single but strong emission source is discussed. It is explained why it is worthwhile ... Keywords: Accidental releases, Advection, Animation, Chernobyl, Diffusion, ETEX, Tracer models, Visualization
J. Brandt; T. Mikkelsen; S. Thykier-Nielsen; Z. Zlatev
Nonhydrostatic icosahedral atmospheric model (NICAM) for global cloud resolving simulations
A new type of ultra-high resolution atmospheric global circulation model is developed. The new model is designed to perform ''cloud resolving simulations'' by directly calculating deep convection and meso-scale circulations, which play key roles not ... Keywords: Aqua-planet experiments, Atmospheric general circulation models, Cloud clusters, Cloud resolving model, Icosahedral grids, Nonhydrostatic model
M. Satoh; T. Matsuno; H. Tomita; H. Miura; T. Nasuno; S. Iga
Numerical Simulation of Mesoscale Eddies over Melbourne
A mesoscale wind field model is used to simulate a cyclonic nocturnal eddy which may form over Melbourne under stable conditions with light synoptic winds. Two types of eddy (Mel-I and Mel-II) are identified, with separate formation mechanisms. ...
John L. McGregor; Fujio Kimura
Fog Forecasting for the Southern Region: A Conceptual Model Approach
The prediction of fog occurrence, extent, duration, and intensity remains difficult despite improvements in numerical guidance and modeling of the fog phenomenon. This is because of the dependency of fog on microphysical and mesoscale processes ...
Paul J. Croft; Russell L. Pfost; Jeffrey M. Medlin; G. Alan Johnson
The AROME-France Convective-Scale Operational Model
After six years of scientific, technical developments and meteorological validation, the Application of Research to Operations at Mesoscale (AROME-France) convective-scale model became operational at Mķtķo-France at the end of 2008. This paper ...
Y. Seity; P. Brousseau; S. Malardel; G. Hello; P. Bķnard; F. Bouttier; C. Lac; V. Masson
An Eddy Resolving Numerical Model of the Ventilated Thermocline
A three-dimensional, primitive equation numerical model is used to study the effects of mesoscale eddies within the subtropical thermocline. Solutions are obtained for an ocean bounded by idealized topography are driven by simple wind and ...
Michael D. Cox
A Simple Parameterization of Land Surface Processes for Meteorological Models
A parameterization of land surface processes to be included in mesoscale and large-scale meteorological models is presented. The number of parameters has been reduced as much as possible, while attempting to preserve the representation of the ...
J. Noilhan; S. Planton
Representing Convective Organization in Prediction Models by a Hybrid Strategy
The mesoscale organization of precipitating convection is highly relevant to next-generation global numerical weather prediction models, which will have an intermediate horizontal resolution (grid spacing about 10 km). A primary issue is how to ...
Mitchell W. Moncrieff; Changhai Liu
A Numerical Model for Chemical and Meteorological Processes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Part I: A Model Description and a One-Dimensional Parameter Study
A numerical flow model is presented for the atmospheric boundary layer, including dispersion and chemical transformations of air pollutants. The model is a three-dimensional time-dependent one for the mesoscale based on the conservation equations ...
Gunilla Svensson
The Oklahoma Dispersion Model: Using the Gaussian Plume Model as an Operational Management Tool for Determining Near-Surface Dispersion Conditions across Oklahoma
The Oklahoma Dispersion Model (ODM) represents a current innovative application of the classic Gaussian plume model in an operational setting. Utilizing a statewide mesoscale automated weather station network (the Oklahoma Mesonet) for current ...
J. D. Carlson; Derek S. Arndt
Numerical Modeling of Orographically Forced Postfrontal Rain
A nonhydrostatic mesoscale model is used to simulate the dynamics and microphysics of postfrontal flow in the mountainous region of southeastern Australia. The aim of the paper is to determine if it is possible to use 2D models to simulate the ...
Deborah J. Abbs; J°rgen B. Jensen
Model Representation of Local Air Quality Characteristics
Daily (24 h) and hourly air quality data at several sites are used to examine the performance of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5)¢Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) system over a 3-month ...
Stephen F. Mueller
Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Multiscale Preferential Flow - 8/05-8/10 - Final Report
The research agenda of this project are: (1) Modeling of preferential transport from mesoscale to macroscale; (2) Modeling of fast flow in narrow fractures in porous media; (3) Pseudo-parabolic Models of Dynamic Capillary Pressure; (4) Adaptive computational upscaling of flow with inertia from porescale to mesoscale; (5) Adaptive modeling of nonlinear coupled systems; and (6) Adaptive modeling and a-posteriori estimators for coupled systems with heterogeneous data.
Ralph Showalter; Malgorzata Peszynska
An Immersed Boundary Method for the Weather Research and Forecasting Model
This paper describes an immersed boundary method that facilitates the explicit resolution of complex terrain within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Mesoscale models, such as WRF, are increasingly used for high-resolution ...
Katherine A. Lundquist; Fotini Katopodes Chow; Julie K. Lundquist
Bowing Convective Systems in a Popular Operational Model: Are They for Real?
Bowing, propagating precipitation features that sometimes appear in NCEP's North American Mesoscale model (NAM; formerly called the Eta Model) forecasts are examined. These features are shown to be associated with an unusual convective heating ...
Melissa S. Bukovsky; John S. Kain; Michael E. Baldwin
A One-Dimensional Entraining/Detraining Plume Model and Its Application in Convective Parameterization
A new one-dimensional cloud model, specifically designed for application in mesoscale convective parameterization schemes (CPSs), is introduced. The model is unique in its representation of environmental entrainment and updraft detrainment rates. ...
John S. Kain; J. Michael Fritsch
The Accuracy of Trajectory Models as Revealed by the Observing System Simulation Experiments
Fourteen observing system simulation experiments (OSSE) wore conducted using the results from a mesoscale model on the Oxidation and Scavenging Characteristics of April Rains(OSCAR) experiment to test the accuracy of trajectory models. Our ...
Ying-Hwa Kuo; Marina Skumanich; Philip L. Haagenson; Julius S. Chang
A Coupled Model Study on the Formation and Dissipation of Sea Fogs
This study examined the impact of air¢sea coupling using a coupled atmosphere¢ocean modeling system consisting of the Coupled Ocean¢Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System as the atmospheric component and the Regional Ocean Modeling System as the ...
Ki-Young Heo; Kyung-Ja Ha
A Forward-in-Time Anelastic Nonhydrostatic Model in a Terrain-Following Coordinate
A three-dimensional (3D) forward-in-time anelastic nonhydrostatic model in a terrain-following coordinate is developed to investigate mesoscale circulations over topography. The anelastic nonhydrostatic model utilizes the deep-continuity equation,...
Ching-Yuang Huang
Modeling Pollutant Transport during High-Ozone Episodes in the Southern Appalachian Mountains
Airflow patterns and pollution transport in the southern Appalachian Mountains region of the southeastern United States are examined using mesoscale meteorological models and a Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM). The two primary goals of ...
Stephen F. Mueller; Aaron Song; William B. Noms; Shekar Gupta; Richard T. McNider
Modeling the Contribution of the Brussels Heat Island to a Long Temperature Time Series
A mesoscale meteorological model containing a detailed land surface model is used to assess the contribution of urban heating to the temperature record of the national recording station of Belgium in Uccle, near Brussels. The Advanced Regional ...
K. Van Weverberg; K. De Ridder; A. Van Rompaey
Modeling the mechanical behavior of amorphous metals by shear transformation zone dynamics
A new mesoscale modeling technique for the thermo-mechanical behavior of amorphous metals is proposed. The modeling framework considers the shear transformation zone (STZ) as the fundamental unit of deformation, and ...
Homer, Eric Richards, 1980-
Properties of Tropical Cloud Ensembles Estimated Using a Cloud Model and an Observed Updraft Population
A simple cloud model is developed which is designed for both diagnostic studies and mesoscale cumulus parameterization experiments. The cloud model is combined with an observed population of tropical convective updrafts and used to examine the ...
William M. Frank; Charles Cohen
Spatial Superposition Method via Model Coupling for Urban Heat Island Albedo Mitigation Strategies
A spatial superposition design is presented that couples the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) with the National Center of Excellence (NCE) lumped urban thermal model for ...
Humberto Silva III; Jay S. Golden
Initial Results from a Mesoscale Atmospheric Simulation System and Comparisons with the AVE-SESAME I Data Set
The development of a comprehensive mesoscale atmospheric simulation system (MASS) is described in detail. The modeling system is designed for both research and real-time forecast applications. The 14-level numerical model, which has a 48 km grid ...
Michael L. Kaplan; John W. Zack; Vince C. Wong; James J. Tuccillo
Using Similarity Theory to Parameterize Mesoscale Heat Fluxes Generated by Subgrid-Scale Landscape Discontinuities in GCMs
Similarity theory was used to develop a parameterization of mesoscale heat fluxes induced by landscape discontinuities for large-scale atmospheric models (e.g., general circulation models). For this purpose, Buckingham Pi theory, a systematic ...
Barry H. Lynn; Frank Abramopoulos; Roni Avissar
Coupling an Advanced Land Surface¢Hydrology Model with the Penn State¢NCAR MM5 Modeling System. Part I: Model Implementation and Sensitivity
This paper addresses and documents a number of issues related to the implementation of an advanced land surface¢hydrology model in the Penn State¢NCAR fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5). The concept adopted here is that the land surface model ...
Fei Chen; Jimy Dudhia
Coupling an Advanced Land Surface¢Hydrology Model with the Penn State¢NCAR MM5 Modeling System. Part II: Preliminary Model Validation
A number of short-term numerical experiments conducted by the Penn State¢NCAR fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5) coupled with an advanced land surface model, alongside the simulations coupled with a simple slab model, are verified with ...
A Stochastic Linear Theory of Mesoscale Circulation Induced by the Thermal Heterogeneity of the Land Surface
This paper presents a three-dimensional stochastic linear model of the mesoscale circulation induced by the variability of turbulent sensible heat flux over land surface. The primitive equations relating wind field, geo-potential, and potential ...
Jingfeng Wang; Rafael L. Bars; Elfatih A. B. Eltahir
The Accuracy of Solar Irradiance Calculations Used in Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction
In this paper, solar irradiance forecasts made by mesoscale numerical weather prediction models are compared with observations taken during three air-quality experiments in various parts of the United States. The authors evaluated the fifth-...
Robert J. Zamora; Ellsworth G. Dutton; Michael Trainer; Stuart A. McKeen; James M. Wilczak; Yu-Tai Hou
Mesoscale Simulation of Supercritical, Subcritical, and Transcritical Flow along Coastal Topography
A mesoscale atmospheric model is used to address the characteristics of stratified flow bounded by a side wall along a varying coastline. Initial Froude number values are varied through alteration of marine inversion strength, permitting ...
Stephen D. Burk; Tracy Haack; R. M. Samelson
Processes Leading to the Formation of Mesoscale Waves in the Midwest Cyclone of 15 December 1987
On 15 December 1987, several long-lived, large-amplitude mesoscale wave disturbances accompanied a rapidly developing extratropical cyclone in the midwest United States. Previous observational and modeling studies have suggested that the ...
Peter J. Pokrandt; Gregory J. Tripoli; David D. Houghton
Numerical Prediction of Convectively Driven Mesoscale Pressure Systems. Part I: Convective Parameterization
A parameterization formulation for incorporating the effects of midlatitude deep convection into mesoscale-numerical models is presented. The formulation is based on the hypothesis that the buoyant energy available to a parcel, in combination ...
Effects of Different Rain Parameterizations on the Simulation of Mesoscale Orographic Precipitation
A detailed comparison is made between the results obtained from two microphysical parameterizations capable of simulating cloud and precipitation processes in a mesoscale model. The behavior of each microphysical scheme is first investigated in ...
Evelyne Richard; Nadine Chaumerliac
Influence of Mesoscale Dynamics and Turbulence on Fine Dust Transport in Owens Valley
Fine dust particles emitted from Owens (dry) Lake in California documented during the Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) of 2006 have been examined using surface observations and a mesoscale aerosol model. Air quality stations around Owens (...
Qingfang Jiang; Ming Liu; James D. Doyle
Numerical Simulation of a Tropical Mesoscale Convective System Using the Arakawa-Schubert Cumulus Parameterization
As an extension of the work presented in an accompanying paper of Kao and Ogura, the Arakawa-Schubert cumulus parameterization scheme is examined prognostically in a modeling study of the evolution of a convectively driven tropical mesoscale ...
Yoshi Ogura; Chih-Yue Jim Kao
The Impact of Crop Areas in Northeast Colorado on Midsummer Mesoscale Thermal Circulations
The present study provides a preliminary evaluation of mesoscale circulations forced by surface gradients of heating arising from irrigated areas adjacent to dry land, utilizing a combination of satellite, observational, and modeling approaches. ...
M. Segal; J. R. Garratt; R. A. Pielke; W. E. Schreiber; A. Rodi; G. Kallos; J. Weaver
Assimilation of Visible-Band Satellite Data for Mesoscale Forecasting in Cloudy Conditions
Assimilation of satellite data can enhance the ability of a mesoscale modeling system to produce accurate short-term forecasts of clouds and precipitation, but only if there is a mechanism for the satellite-derived information to propagate ...
Alan E. Lipton; George D. Modica
The Role of Momentum Transport in the Motion of a Quasi-Idealized Mesoscale Convective System
Momentum transport is examined in a simulated midlatitude mesoscale convective system (MCS) to investigate its contribution to MCS motion. Momentum budgets are computed using model output to quantify the role of specific processes in determining ...
Kelly M. Mahoney; Gary M. Lackmann; Matthew D. Parker
Mesoscale Boundary Layer Evolution over Complex Terrain. Part I. Numerical Simulation of the Diurnal Cycle
The continuous development of a meso-?-scale boundary layer over sloping terrain upwind of a high mountain barrier was simulated through a complete diurnal cycle using a nonhydrostatic boundary-layer model. The simulation detailed the evolution ...
David C. Bader; Thomas B. McKee; Gregory J. Tripoli
Mesoscale Climatic Simulation of Surface Air Temperature Cooling by Highly
Mesoscale Climatic Simulation of Surface Air Temperature Cooling by Highly Mesoscale Climatic Simulation of Surface Air Temperature Cooling by Highly Reflective Greenhouses in SE Spain Title Mesoscale Climatic Simulation of Surface Air Temperature Cooling by Highly Reflective Greenhouses in SE Spain Publication Type Journal Article Year of Publication 2013 Authors Campra, Pablo, and Dev Millstein Journal Environmental Science & Technology Volume 47 Issue 21 Pagination 12284 - 12290 Date Published 11/2013 ISSN 0013-936X Keywords buildings, Heat Island Group Abstract A long-term local cooling trend in surface air temperature has been monitored at the largest concentration of reflective greenhouses in the world, at the Province of Almeria, SE Spain, associated with a dramatic increase in surface albedo in the area. The availability of reliable long-term climatic field data at this site offers a unique opportunity to test the skill of mesoscale meteorological models describing and predicting the impacts of land use change on local climate. Using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) mesoscale model, we have run a sensitivity experiment to simulate the impact of the observed surface albedo change on monthly and annual surface air temperatures. The model output showed a mean annual cooling of 0.25 ┬░C associated with a 0.09 albedo increase, and a reduction of 22.8 W m-2 of net incoming solar radiation at surface. Mean reduction of summer daily maximum temperatures was 0.49 ┬░C, with the largest single-day decrease equal to 1.3 ┬░C. WRF output was evaluated and compared with observations. A mean annual warm bias (MBE) of 0.42 ┬░C was estimated. High correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.9) were found between modeled and observed values. This study has particular interest in the assessment of the potential for urban temperature cooling by cool roofs deployment projects, as well as in the evaluation of mesoscale climatic models performance.
A Stochastic Conceptual Modeling Approach for Examining the Effects of Climate Change on Streamflows in Mountain Basins
This study presents a modeling approach for examining how changes in climate affect streamflow in mesoscale mountain basins dominated by snowmelt runoff. A conceptual snowmelt-runoff model was developed that is forced by daily time series of ...
Peter R. Furey; Stephanie K. Kampf; Jordan S. Lanini; Andre Q. Dozier
An Integrated Assessment of Measured and Modeled Integrated Water Vapor in Switzerland for the Period 2001¢03
In this paper an integrated assessment of the vertically integrated water vapor (IWV) measured by radiosonde, microwave radiometer (MWR), and GPS and modeled by the limited-area mesoscale model of MeteoSwiss is presented. The different IWV ...
G. Guerova; E. Brockmann; F. Schubiger; J. Morland; C. Mõtzler
A Technique for Generating Idealized Initial and Boundary Conditions for the PSU¢NCAR Model MM5
A new idealized initialization technique has been developed for the Mesoscale Model version 5 modeling system. The technique allows the specification of baroclinic disturbances that feature vertical variations of the height, temperature, and wind ...
Hui-Ya Chuang; Peter J. Sousounis
Use of Multiple Verification Methods to Evaluate Forecasts of Convection from Hot- and Cold-Start Convection-Allowing Models
This study uses both traditional and newer verification methods to evaluate two 4-km grid-spacing Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) forecasts: a ōcold startö forecast that uses the 12-km North American Mesoscale Model (NAM) analysis and ...
Derek R. Stratman; Michael C. Coniglio; Steven E. Koch; Ming Xue
Regional Climate Model Simulations of U.S. Precipitation and Surface Air Temperature during 1982¢2002: Interannual Variation
The fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5)-based regional climate model (CMM5) capability in simulating the interannual variations of U.S. precipitation and surface air temperature during 1982¢2002 is evaluated ...
Jinhong Zhu; Xin-Zhong Liang
Quantum Circuit Model Topological Model
Quantum Circuit Model Topological Model Comparison of Models Topological Quantum Computation Eric Rowell Texas A&M University October 2010 Eric Rowell Topological Quantum Computation #12;Quantum Circuit Model Topological Model Comparison of Models Outline 1 Quantum Circuit Model Gates, Circuits
Rowell, Eric C.
A Numerical Study of the Mesoscale Atmospheric Circulation Observed during a Coastal Upwelling Event on 23 August 1972. Part I: Sensitivity Studies
A numerical model is used to study the effect of an Ocean surface temperature gradient on the mesoscale atmospheric circulation. The model is initialized with atmospheric data from 23 August 1972 over the central Oregon coastal zone. After the ...
Arthur Paul Mizzi; Roger A. Pielke
A Modeling Study of Circulation and Eddies in the Persian Gulf
The circulation and mesoscale eddies in the Persian Gulf are investigated using results from a high-resolution (1 km) Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). The circulation in the Persian Gulf is composed of two spatial scales: basin scale and ...
Prasad G. Thoppil; Patrick J. Hogan
The Principles of Laboratory Modeling of Stratified Atmospheric Flows over Complex Terrain
Laboratory modeling provides a reasonably quick and relatively inexpensive method for investigating stratified air Row around mesoscale topography. Quantitative results for stratified flow over complex terrain may be obtained from suitably ...
Peter G. Baines; Peter C. Manins
Prediction of Nine Explosive Cyclones over the Western Atlantic Ocean with a Regional Model
A series of 14 numerical experiments were conducted using the Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research mesoscale model on nine cases of explosive marine cyclogenesis. The main objective was to identify key factors ...
Ying-Hwa Kuo; Simon Low-Nam
A Quasi-Lagrangian Regional Model Designed for Operational Weather Prediction
A regional numerical weather prediction model is designed using the quasi-Lagrangian method for operational forecasting of synoptic and mesoscale disturbances. The nonlinear advective terms and the total forcing experienced by a fluid parcel are ...
Mukut B. Mathur
Eta Model Precipitation Forecasts for a Period Including Tropical Storm Allison
A step-mountain (eta) coordinate limited-area model is being developed at the National Meteorological Center (NMC) to improve forecasts of severe weather and other mesoscale phenomena. Precipitation forecasts are reviewed for the 20-day period 16 ...
Fedor Mesinger; Thomas L. Black; David W. Plummer; John H. Ward
An Eddy-Resolving Numerical Model of the Ventilated Thermocline: Time Dependence
A primitive equation, eddy-resolving numerical model is used to study the inherent time scales of variability in the subtropical ocean, assuming temporally constant surface forcing. Three primary scales arise: mesoscale variability of roughly 50-...
A Comparison of Seeded and Nonseeded Orographic Cloud Simulations with an Explicit Cloud Model
Ice initiation by specific cloud seeding aerosols, quantified in laboratory studies, has been formulated for use in mesoscale numerical cloud models. This detailed approach, which explicitly represents artificial ice nuclei activation, is unique ...
Michael P. Meyers; Paul J. Demott; William R. Cotton
The influence of Microphysics in the Formation of Intense Wake Lows: A Numerical Modeling Study
A two-dimensional cloud model is used to investigate whether microphysical processes alone within the stratiform rain regions of mesoscale convection systems can induce strong descent and intense surface wake lows accompanying such systems. ...
William A. Gallus Jr.
Modeling of Mountain-Valley Wind Fields in the Southern San Joaquin Valley, California
A dry three-dimensional mesoscale model was used to study the diurnal cycle of mountain-valley winds in the southern San Joaquin Valley during a summer day. A scheme for interpolating potential temperature was developed to provide hourly ...
Gary E. Moore; Christopher Daly; Mei-Kao Liu; Shi-Jian Huang
Evaluating the Use of a Nonlinear Two-Dimensional Model in Downslope Windstorm Forecasts
Severe downslope windstorms are a mesoscale, primarily wintertime, phenomenon that affect regions in the lee of large mountain ranges. The resolution of current weather prediction models is too coarse to explicitly predict downslope windstorms. ...
Louisa B. Nance; Bradley R. Colman
Diurnal Patterns of Rainfall in Northwestern South America. Part II: Model Simulations
This second paper of a three-part series documents the ability of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) to successfully replicate some known aspects of the rainfall of northwestern South America. The ...
Thomas T. Warner; Brian E. Mapes; Mei Xu
One-Way Coupling of an Atmospheric and a Hydrologic Model in Colorado
This paper examines the accuracy of high-resolution nested mesoscale model simulations of surface climate. The nesting capabilities of the atmospheric fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University (PSU)¢National Center for Atmospheric Research (...
L. E. Hay; M. P. Clark; M. Pagowski; G. H. Leavesley; W. J. Gutowski Jr.
Numerical Prediction of an Antarctic Severe Wind Event with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model
This study initiates the application of the maturing Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to the polar regions in the context of the real-time Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS). The behavior of the Advanced Research WRF (ARW) ...
Sensitivity Analysis Using an Adjoint of the PSU-NCAR Mesoseale Model
An adjoint of the Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU-NCAR) Mesoscale Model has been developed for use in sensitivity analysis following Cacuci. Sensitivity analysis is defined as the determination of the ...
Ronald M. Errico; Tomislava Vukicevic
The Effects of Subgrid-Scale Parameterizations in a Zonally Averaged Ocean Model
Isopycnal diffusion and an additional transport velocity parameterizing the effect of mesoscale eddies are implemented in the ocean component of a 2.5-dimensional zonally averaged coupled ocean¢atmosphere model. The equilibrium states of the ...
Reto Knutti; Thomas F. Stocker; Daniel G. Wright
A Diagnostic Modelling Study of the Trailing Stratiform Region of a Midlatitude Squall Line
A kinematic model with continuity equations for sensible heat, water vapor, cloud water, cloud ice, rain, snow, and graupel is used to determine the steady state thermodynamic and microphysical processes associated with the observed mesoscale air ...
Steven A. Rutledge; Robert A. Houze Jr.
Comparisons between Model Forecast and Observed Boundary Layer Profiles and Related Comments on Cloud Prediction
In this study comparisons are made between Met Office mesoscale model boundary layer profiles, and radiosonde data collected in the central United Kingdom during three intensive boundary layer cloud experiments. Significant differences between ...
J. D. Price; M. R. Bush
Numerical Prediction of the 10¢11 June 1985 Squall Line with the Canadian Regional Finite-Element Model
In an effort to improve operational forecasts of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), a mesoscale version of the operational Canadian Regional Finite-Element (RFE) Model with a grid size of 25 km is used to predict an intense MCS that occurred ...
Stķphane Bķlair; Da-Lin Zhang; Jocelyn Mailhot
TY JOUR T1 Mesoscale Climatic Simulation of Surface Air Temperature Cooling
Mesoscale Climatic Simulation of Surface Air Temperature Cooling Mesoscale Climatic Simulation of Surface Air Temperature Cooling by Highly Reflective Greenhouses in SE Spain JF Environmental Science Technology A1 Campra Pablo A1 Dev Millstein KW buildings KW Heat Island Group AB p span A long term local cooling trend in surface air temperature has been monitored at the largest concentration of reflective greenhouses in the world at the Province of Almeria SE Spain associated with a dramatic increase in surface albedo in the area The availability of reliable long term climatic field data at this site offers a unique opportunity to test the skill of mesoscale meteorological models describing and predicting the impacts of land use change on local climate Using the Weather Research and Forecast WRF mesoscale model we have run a
Analysis of Mesoscale Model Data for Wind Integration (Poster)
Supports examination of implications of national 20% wind vision, and provides input to integration and transmission studies for operational impact of large penetrations of wind on the grid.
Schwartz, M.; Elliott, D.; Lew, D.; Corbus, D.; Scott, G.; Haymes, S.; Wan, Y. H.
Comparison of Soil Hydraulic Parameterizations for Mesoscale Meteorological Models
Soil water contents, calculated with seven soil hydraulic parameterizations, that is, soil hydraulic functions together with the corresponding parameter sets, are compared with observational data. The parameterizations include the Campbell/Clapp¢...
Frank J. Braun; Gerd Schõdler
. Im Mittelpunkt stand die Vorstellung von Forschungs- projekten, die das BMU im Bereich der Offshore-Windenergie.spiekerooger-klimagespraeche.de Windenergie mit Potenzial Die Windenergie habe auf abseh- bare Zeit in Deutschland von allen erneuerbaren (BMU), Katherina Reiche, an- l├żsslich der Er├Čffnung der 3. Offshore- Wissenschaftstage in Oldenburg
Pielke, Roger A.
Validation of NWP Mesoscale Models with Swiss GPS Network AGNES
The importance of water vapor for the hydrological cycle of the earth and the atmosphere is well known but difficult to study and sample. In this respect, the vertically integrated water vapor (IWV) derived from global positioning system (GPS) ...
G. Guerova; E. Brockmann; J. Quiby; F. Schubiger; C. Matzler
Comparing the Convective Structure and Microphysics in Two Sahelian Mesoscale Convective Systems: Radar Observations and CRM Simulations
Two mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) observed during the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA) experiment are simulated using the three-dimensional (3D) Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model. This study was undertaken to determine the ...
Nick Guy; Xiping Zeng; Steven A. Rutledge; Wei-Kuo Tao
Assessing Advances in the Assimilation of Radar Data and Other Mesoscale Observations within a Collaborative Forecasting¢Research Environment
The impacts of assimilating radar data and other mesoscale observations in real-time, convection-allowing model forecasts were evaluated during the spring seasons of 2008 and 2009 as part of the Hazardous Weather Test Bed Spring Experiment ...
John S. Kain; Ming Xue; Michael C. Coniglio; Steven J. Weiss; Fanyou Kong; Tara L. Jensen; Barbara G. Brown; Jidong Gao; Keith Brewster; Kevin W. Thomas; Yunheng Wang; Craig S. Schwartz; Jason J. Levit
The Sensitivity of a Simulated Extratropical Mesoscale Convective System to Longwave Radiation and Ice-Phase Microphysics
A two-dimensional, nonhydrostatic version of the Colorado State University Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) was applied to the simulation of a midlatitude, continental mesoscale convective system. A control simulation was established ...
Sue Chen; William R. Cotton
Challenges in Mesoscale Prediction of a Nocturnal Stratocumulus-Topped Marine Boundary Layer and Implications for Operational Forecasting
A numerical study using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) was performed to assess the impact of initial and boundary conditions, the parameterization of turbulence ...
Ramesh Vellore; Darko Kora?in; Melanie Wetzel; Steven Chai; Qing Wang
Mesoscale Numerical Study of Two Cases of Long-Lived Quasi-Stationary Convective Systems over Eastern Spain
A set of mesoscale numerical simulations using the Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research model is used to investigate two cases of extreme precipitation over eastern Spain. Both cases (3¢4 November 1987 and 20 ...
R. Romero; C. A. Doswell III; C. Ramis
Numerical Simulations of the Postsunrise Reorganization of a Nocturnal Mesoscale Convective System during 13 June IHOP_2002
A convection-permitting numerical model is used to simulate the postsunrise reorganization of a nocturnal mesoscale convective system (MCS) observed over western and central Oklahoma on 13 June 2002 during the International H2O (IHOP_2002) Field ...
Stanley B. Trier; John H. Marsham; Christopher A. Davis; David A. Ahijevych
Mesoscale Benchmark Demonstration Problem 1: Mesoscale Simulations of Intra-granular Fission Gas Bubbles in UO2 under Post-irradiation Thermal Annealing
A study was conducted to evaluate the capabilities of different numerical methods used to represent microstructure behavior at the mesoscale for irradiated material using an idealized benchmark problem. The purpose of the mesoscale benchmark problem was to provide a common basis to assess several mesoscale methods with the objective of identifying the strengths and areas of improvement in the predictive modeling of microstructure evolution. In this work, mesoscale models (phase-field, Potts, and kinetic Monte Carlo) developed by PNNL, INL, SNL, and ORNL were used to calculate the evolution kinetics of intra-granular fission gas bubbles in UO2 fuel under post-irradiation thermal annealing conditions. The benchmark problem was constructed to include important microstructural evolution mechanisms on the kinetics of intra-granular fission gas bubble behavior such as the atomic diffusion of Xe atoms, U vacancies, and O vacancies, the effect of vacancy capture and emission from defects, and the elastic interaction of non-equilibrium gas bubbles. An idealized set of assumptions was imposed on the benchmark problem to simplify the mechanisms considered. The capability and numerical efficiency of different models are compared against selected experimental and simulation results. These comparisons find that the phase-field methods, by the nature of the free energy formulation, are able to represent a larger subset of the mechanisms influencing the intra-granular bubble growth and coarsening mechanisms in the idealized benchmark problem as compared to the Potts and kinetic Monte Carlo methods. It is recognized that the mesoscale benchmark problem as formulated does not specifically highlight the strengths of the discrete particle modeling used in the Potts and kinetic Monte Carlo methods. Future efforts are recommended to construct increasingly more complex mesoscale benchmark problems to further verify and validate the predictive capabilities of the mesoscale modeling methods used in this study.
Li, Yulan; Hu, Shenyang Y.; Montgomery, Robert; Gao, Fei; Sun, Xin; Tonks, Michael; Biner, Bullent; Millet, Paul; Tikare, Veena; Radhakrishnan, Balasubramaniam; Andersson , David
Mesoscale Lake-effect Snowstorms in the Vicinity of Lake Michigan: Linear Theory and Numerical Simulations
Mesoscale lake-effect snowstorms in the vicinity of Lake Michigan are studied by a linear steady-state analytic model and a nonlinear time-dependent numerical model with parameterized subgrid-scale physics. The solutions of the linear model show ...
Hsiao-ming Hsu
Numerical Simulation of the Effects of St. Louis on Mesoscale Boundary-Layer Airflow and Vertical Air Motion: Simulations of Urban vs Non-Urban Effects
A three-dimensional mesoscale computer model is used to assess the importance of urban effects, relative to non-urban effects, on mesoscale boundary-layer vertical air motion and on the height of the boundary layer downwind of St. Louis, ...
Mark R. Hjelmfelt
Model Validation
...thus establishing appropriate and important benchmarks. Benchmarking can go beyond validation and also measure relative computational speed, accuracy, and breadth for available modeling approaches and implementations, providing valuable information for users to discern the best models and for modelers...
Moist multi-scale models for the hurricane embryo
Determining the finite-amplitude preconditioned states in the hurricane embryo, which lead to tropical cyclogenesis, is a central issue in contemporary meteorology. In the embryo there is competition between different preconditioning mechanisms involving hydrodynamics and moist thermodynamics, which can lead to cyclogenesis. Here systematic asymptotic methods from applied mathematics are utilized to develop new simplified moist multi-scale models starting from the moist anelastic equations. Three interesting multi-scale models emerge in the analysis. The balanced mesoscale vortex (BMV) dynamics and the microscale balanced hot tower (BHT) dynamics involve simplified balanced equations without gravity waves for vertical vorticity amplification due to moist heat sources and incorporate nonlinear advective fluxes across scales. The BMV model is the central one for tropical cyclogenesis in the embryo. The moist mesoscale wave (MMW) dynamics involves simplified equations for mesoscale moisture fluctuations, as well as linear hydrostatic waves driven by heat sources from moisture and eddy flux divergences. A simplified cloud physics model for deep convection is introduced here and used to study moist axisymmetric plumes in the BHT model. A simple application in periodic geometry involving the effects of mesoscale vertical shear and moist microscale hot towers on vortex amplification is developed here to illustrate features of the coupled multi-scale models. These results illustrate the use of these models in isolating key mechanisms in the embryo in a simplified content.
Majda, Andrew J. [New York University; Xing, Yulong [ORNL; Mohammadian, Majid [University of Ottawa, Canada
Modeling & Simulation
Modeling & Simulation Modeling & Simulation Research into alternative forms of energy, especially energy security, is one of the major national security imperatives of this...
Weather Forecasts by the WRF-ARW Model with the GSI Data Assimilation System in the Complex Terrain Areas of Southwest Asia
This paper will first describe the forecasting errors encountered from running the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) mesoscale model (the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model; ARW) in the complex terrain of ...
J. Xu; S. Rugg; L. Byerle; Z. Liu
Development and Testing of Polar Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. Part I: Greenland Ice Sheet Meteorology
A polar-optimized version of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) was developed to fill climate and synoptic needs of the polar science community and to achieve an ...
Keith M. Hines; David H. Bromwich
Coastal Atmospheric Circulation around an Idealized Cape during Wind-Driven Upwelling Studied from a Coupled Ocean¢Atmosphere Model
The study analyzes atmospheric circulation around an idealized coastal cape during summertime upwelling-favorable wind conditions simulated by a mesoscale coupled ocean¢atmosphere model. The domain resembles an eastern ocean boundary with a ...
Natalie Perlin; Eric D. Skyllingstad; Roger M. Samelson
Operational implementation of the 1D+3D-Var assimilation method of radar reflectivity data in the AROME model
This paper presents results from radar reflectivity data assimilation experiments with the non-hydrostatic limited area model AROME (Application of Research to Operations at Mesoscale) in an operational context. A one-dimensional (1D) Bayesian ...
Eric Wattrelot; Olivier Caumont; Jean-Franńois Mahfouf
Model Simulations Examining the Relationship of Lake-Effect Morphology to Lake Shape, Wind Direction, and Wind Speed
Idealized model simulations with an isolated elliptical lake and prescribed winter lake-effect environmental conditions were used to examine the influences of lake shape, wind speed, and wind direction on the mesoscale morphology. This study ...
Neil F. Laird; John E. Walsh; David A. R. Kristovich
Modeled Downward Transport of a Passive Tracer over Western North America during an Asian Dust Event in April 1998
An intense Gobi Desert dust storm in April 1998 loaded the midtroposphere with dust that was transported across the Pacific to western North America. The Mesoscale Compressible Community (MC2) model was used to investigate mechanisms causing ...
Joshua P. Hacker; Ian G. McKendry; Roland B. Stull
Numerical Simulation of the Meso-? Scale Structure and Evolution of the 1977 Johnstown Flood. Part I: Model Description and Verification
The Pennsylvania State University/NCAR mesoscale model, originally developed by Anthes and Warner, is modified to simulate the meso-? scale structure and evolution of convectively driven weather systems. The modifications include: (i) two-way ...
Dynamic Assimilation of MODIS-Retrieved Humidity Profiles within a Regional Model for High-Latitude Forecast Applications
A ōhot startö technique is applied to the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU¢NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) to dynamically assimilate cloud properties and humidity profiles retrieved from the ...
Xingang Fan; Jeffrey S. Tilley
Analysis of WRF Model Wind Estimate Sensitivity to Physics Parameterization Choice and Terrain Representation in Andalusia (Southern Spain)
This paper reports on an evaluation of the relative roles of choice of parameterization scheme and terrain representation in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale model, in the context of a regional wind resource assessment. As a ...
F. J. Santos-Alamillos; D. Pozo-Vßzquez; J. A. Ruiz-Arias; V. Lara-Fanego; J. Tovar-Pescador
Simple Tests of a Semi-Implicit Semi-Lagrangian Model on 2D Mountain Wave Problems
The fully compressible 3D nonhydrostatic semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian MC2 (mesoscale compressible community) model described by Tanguay et al. has been modified in order to incorporate orography through the Gal-Chen and Somerville transformation ...
Jean-Pierre Pinty; Robert Benoit; Evelyne Richard; Renķ Laprise
Testing a Detailed Biophysical Parameterization for Land¢Air Exchange in a High-Resolution Boundary-Layer Model
In order to properly model the influence of land surface properties on mesoscale atmospheric phenomena, it is important to include physically realistic parameterizations of major biophysical processes involved. The primary influence of the ...
S. Argentini; P. J. Wetzel; V. M. Karyampudi
NAM Model Forecasts of Warm-Season Quasi-Stationary Frontal Environments in the Central United States
Using a composite procedure, North American Mesoscale Model (NAM) forecast and observed environments associated with zonally oriented, quasi-stationary surface fronts for 64 cases during July¢August 2006¢08 were examined for a large region ...
Shih-Yu Wang; Adam J. Clark
On the Numerical Implementation of Advection Schemes for Use in Conjunction with Various Mixing Parameterizations in the GFDL Ocean Model
The results from ocean model experiments conducted with isopycnal and isopycnal thickness diffusion parameterizations for subgrid-scale mixing associated with mesoscale eddies are examined from a numerical standpoint. It is shown that when the ...
Andrew J. Weaver; Michael Eby
Case Study of a Coastal Jet at SpitsbergenŚComparison of SAR- and Model-Estimated Wind
A combination of in situ ship measurements, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, and high-resolution numerical modeling was used to investigate a mesoscale coastal jet radiating out from Hinlopenstretet, Norway, on 14 August 1996. In the ...
Anne Dagrun Sandvik; Birgitte Rugaard Furevik
Poster Sessions J. Dudhia Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division
J. Dudhia J. Dudhia Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, CO 80307-3000 Introduction The concept of an Integrated Data Assimilation and Sounding System (IDASS) ensures that the needs of data collection are partly determined by the requirements of an assimilating mesoscale model. Hence, the sounding strategy is geared towards allowing the model to do the best possible job in representing the atmosphere over CART sites, for example. It is not clear a priori what density of coverage or types of data are required for a good simulation. In this work, we address the problem of determining the impact of varying the density of coverage of an idea! network by purely numerical experimentation. We use one model run to provide data and another independent run to assimilate it.
Context: Modeling
... Yang, JC; Huber, ML; Boyer, CI; 1995. Modeling of Hydrogen Fluoride Formation From Flame Suppressants During Combustion.. ...
Modeling Portal
... News And Events. 24th NIST Computer Modeling Workshop. New Quantum Computing Algorithm Could Simulate Giant Particle Accelerators. ...
Final Report for Integrated Multiscale Modeling of Molecular Computing Devices
In collaboration with researchers at Vanderbilt University, North Carolina State University, Princeton and Oakridge National Laboratory we developed multiscale modeling and simulation methods capable of modeling the synthesis, assembly, and operation of molecular electronics devices. Our role in this project included the development of coarse-grained molecular and mesoscale models and simulation methods capable of simulating the assembly of millions of organic conducting molecules and other molecular components into nanowires, crossbars, and other organized patterns.
Glotzer, Sharon C.
Dynamical forecast experiments with a baroclinic quasigeostrophic open ocean model
We report here on a series of numerical forecast experiments using a baroclinic quasigeostropic open ocean model. A simulation has been carried out to produce a model data set consisting of values of streamfunction and potential vorticity in four dimensions. This data set exhibits quasiturbulent characteristics similar to those of the mesoscale eddy field in the North Western Atlantic. The simulation has been carried out for several model years over many independent synoptic realizations.
Robert N. Miller; Allan R. Robinson
Dynamics and Prediction of a Mesoscale Extreme Rain Event in the Baiu Front over Kyushu, Japan
A high-resolution version of the limited-area primitive equations model of the Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre is used to investigate the dynamics and prediction of the mesoscale, extreme rain event of 1 August 1993 over Kyushu. The model ...
Noel E. Davidson; Kazuo Kurihara; Teruyuki Kato; Graham Mills; Kamal Puri
Numerical Forecasting of Radiation Fog. Part I: Numerical Model and Sensitivity Tests
To improve the forecast of dense radiative fogs, a method has been developed using a one-dimensional model of the nocturnal boundary layer forced by the mesoscale fields provided by a 3D limited-area operational model. The 1D model involves a ...
Thierry Bergot; Daniel Guedalia
The 1990 Valentine's Day Arctic Outbreak. Part I: Mesoscale and Microscale Structure and Evolution of a Colorado Front Range Shallow Upslope Cloud
The mesoscale and microscale structure and evolution of a shallow, upslope cloud is described using observations obtained during the Winter Icing and Storms Project (WISP) and model stimulations. The upslope cloud formed within a shallow arctic ...
Roy M. Rasmussen; Ben C. Bernstein; Masataka Murakami; Greg Stossmeister; Jon Reisner; Boba Stankov
Circulation in the Alboran See as Determined by Quasi-Synoptic Hydrographic Observations. Part II: Mesoscale Ageostrophic Motion Diagnosed through Density Dynamical Assimilation
The 3D velocity field in the Alboran Sea (Western-Mediterranean) is diagnosed through density dynamical assimilation in a primitive equation (PE) model with mesoscale resolution. The ageostrophic motion is computed from fields produced by short-...
┴lvaro Vi·dez; Robert L. Haney; JoaquĒn Tintorķ
Simulations of Mesoscale Circulations in the Center of the Iberian Peninsula for Thermal Low Pressure Conditions. Part II: Air-Parcel Transport Patterns
This paper discusses the variability of air-parcel transport under similar summer thermal low pressure conditions over the Iberian Peninsula. Three-dimensional trajectories were estimated by means of the Topography Vorticity-Mode Mesoscale model. ...
Fernando MartĒn; Magdalena Palacios; Sylvia N. CrespĒ
Tests of an Ensemble Kalman Filter for Mesoscale and Regional-Scale Data Assimilation. Part III: Comparison with 3DVAR in a Real-Data Case Study
The feasibility of using an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) for mesoscale and regional-scale data assimilation has been demonstrated in the authorsÆ recent studies via observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) both under a perfect-model ...
Comparative Analysis of the Local Observation-Based (LOB) Method and the Nonparametric Regression-Based Method for Gridded Bias Correction in Mesoscale Weather Forecasting
The comparative analysis of three methods for objective grid-based bias removal in mesoscale numerical weather prediction models is considered. The first technique is the local observation-based (LOB) method that extends further the approaches of ...
Yulia R. Gel
A Real-Time, Mesoscale Numerical Weather-Prediction System Used for Research, Teaching, and Public Service at The Pennsylvania State University
A mesoscale modeling system is being applied on an experimental basis at The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) for production of real-time, high resolution, numerical weather forecasts for the northeastern United States. The initial ...
Thomas T. Warner; Nelson L. Seaman
The Analysis and Prediction of the 8¢9 May 2007 Oklahoma Tornadic Mesoscale Convective System by Assimilating WSR-88D and CASA Radar Data Using 3DVAR
The Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) model is employed to perform high-resolution numerical simulations of a mesoscale convective system and associated cyclonic line-end vortex (LEV) that spawned several tornadoes in central Oklahoma on ...
Alexander D. Schenkman; Ming Xue; Alan Shapiro; Keith Brewster; Jidong Gao
The Climatological Skill of a Regional Model over Complex Terrain
As part of an ongoing study of the regional climate and hydrology of the southwestern United States, in this paper we investigate the systematic biases of two versions of the PSU/NCAR mesoscale model (MM4). These are a standard version and one ...
Filippo Giorgi; Gary T. Bates
Model Wind over the Central and Southern California Coastal Ocean
Recent studies have shown the importance of high-resolution wind in coastal ocean modeling. This paper tests the Coupled Ocean¢Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) at the 9-, 27-, and 81-km grid resolutions in simulating wind off the ...
Hsiao-ming Hsu; Lie-Yauw Oey; Walter Johnson; Clive Dorman; Richard Hodur
Numerical Modeling
Feb 28, 2011... or field repair, durability, weight and cost efficiency, and extreme climate. ... Cohesive zone model is implemented to investigate the interfacialĀ...
PREDICTIVE MODELS is a collection of five models - CFPM, CO2PM, ICPM, PFPM, and SFPM - used in the 1982-1984 National Petroleum Council study of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) potential. Each pertains to a specific EOR process designed to squeeze additional oil from aging or spent oil fields. The processes are: 1) chemical flooding; 2) carbon dioxide miscible flooding; 3) in-situ combustion; 4) polymer flooding; and 5) steamflood. CFPM, the Chemical Flood Predictive Model, models micellar (surfactant)-polymer floods in reservoirs, which have been previously waterflooded to residual oil saturation. Thus, only true tertiary floods are considered. An option allows a rough estimate of oil recovery by caustic or caustic-polymer processes. CO2PM, the Carbon Dioxide miscible flooding Predictive Model, is applicable to both secondary (mobile oil) and tertiary (residual oil) floods, and to either continuous CO2 injection or water-alternating gas processes. ICPM, the In-situ Combustion Predictive Model, computes the recovery and profitability of an in-situ combustion project from generalized performance predictive algorithms. PFPM, the Polymer Flood Predictive Model, is switch-selectable for either polymer or waterflooding, and an option allows the calculation of the incremental oil recovery and economics of polymer relative to waterflooding. SFPM, the Steamflood Predictive Model, is applicable to the steam drive process, but not to cyclic steam injection (steam soak) processes. The IBM PC/AT version includes a plotting capability to produces a graphic picture of the predictive model results.
Ray, R.M. (DOE Bartlesville Energy Technology Center, Bartlesville, OK (United States))
Posters Surface Flux Intercomparison Between the MM5 Model
Posters Surface Flux Intercomparison Between the MM5 Model and Observations During the Storm-Scale Observations Regional Measurement Program-Fronts Experiment Systems Test 1992 J. Dudhia and S. P. Oncley Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division Atmospheric Technology Division National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, Colorado Introduction Mesoscale model 5 (MM5) is being used as a data assimilation tool for the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. There is a need to verify that the model physics is consistent with observations under a range of conditions. Surface fluxes of heat, moisture, and momentum are a particular area of uncertainty in the model owing to their dependence on surface properties, some of which are time-dependent. The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)
Biosystems Modeling
Biosystems Modeling Biosystems Modeling Phantoms We are a leader nationally and internationally in the development of models and methods for predicting the behavior of radionuclides and chemicals in the body, assessing the health effects of environmental hazards, and determining the exposure-dose relationships for environmental pollutants. Our work has been a key resource to the medical community in providing the basis for dose estimates in nuclear medicine. Our tools and skills are also applicable to the areas of occupational health and safety, public health and safety, radiation protection, environmental dosimetry, and battlefield effects. Our technology base includes mathematical modeling, bone dosimetry, phantom development, and neutron dosimetry. Please direct any questions concerning the Biosystems Modeling Group to:
ISDAC Modeling
Modeling Modeling Modeling of aerosol effects on Arctic stratiform clouds: Preliminary results from the ISDAC case study (poster 13J) Mikhail Ovchinnikov, Steve Ghan, Jiwen Fan, Xiaohong Liu (PNNL), Alexei Korolev, Peter Liu (Env. Canada) Shaocheng Xie (LLNL), Hugh Morrison (NCAR), ISDAC PI's, and members of the CMWG 2 Indirect Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign Science questions: How do properties of the arctic aerosol during April differ from those measured during the MPACE in October? To what extent do the different properties of the arctic aerosol during April produce differences in the microphysical and macrophysical properties of clouds and the surface energy balance? To what extent can cloud models and the cloud parameterizations used in climate models simulate the sensitivity of arctic clouds and
OSPREY Model
The absence of industrial scale nuclear fuel reprocessing in the U.S. has precluded the necessary driver for developing the advanced simulation capability now prevalent in so many other countries. Thus, it is essential to model complex series of unit operations to simulate, understand, and predict inherent transient behavior and feedback loops. A capability of accurately simulating the dynamic behavior of advanced fuel cycle separation processes will provide substantial cost savings and many technical benefits. The specific fuel cycle separation process discussed in this report is the off-gas treatment system. The off-gas separation consists of a series of scrubbers and adsorption beds to capture constituents of interest. Dynamic models are being developed to simulate each unit operation involved so each unit operation can be used as a stand-alone model and in series with multiple others. Currently, an adsorption model has been developed within Multi-physics Object Oriented Simulation Environment (MOOSE) developed at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). Off-gas Separation and REcoverY (OSPREY) models the adsorption of off-gas constituents for dispersed plug flow in a packed bed under non-isothermal and non-isobaric conditions. Inputs to the model include gas, sorbent, and column properties, equilibrium and kinetic data, and inlet conditions. The simulation outputs component concentrations along the column length as a function of time from which breakthrough data is obtained. The breakthrough data can be used to determine bed capacity, which in turn can be used to size columns. It also outputs temperature along the column length as a function of time and pressure drop along the column length. Experimental data and parameters were input into the adsorption model to develop models specific for krypton adsorption. The same can be done for iodine, xenon, and tritium. The model will be validated with experimental breakthrough curves. Customers will be given access to OSPREY to used and evaluate the model.
Veronica J. Rutledge
Southward Eddy Heat Transport Occurring along Southern Flanks of the Kuroshio Extension and the Gulf Stream in a 1/10░ Global Ocean General Circulation Model
The present study investigates meridional heat transport induced by oceanic mesoscale variability in the World Ocean using a 1/10░ global Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) running on the Earth Simulator. The results indicate prominent ...
Kunihiro Aoki; Shoshiro Minobe; Youichi Tanimoto; Yoshikazu Sasai
3.021J / 1.021J / 10.333J / 18.361J / 22.00J Introduction to Modeling and Simulation, Spring 2008
This course explores the basic concepts of computer modeling and simulation in science and engineering. We'll use techniques and software for simulation, data analysis and visualization. Continuum, mesoscale, atomistic and ...
Buehler, Markus
An Experiment with an Advanced Surface Parameterization in a Mesobeta-Scale Model. Part III: Comparison with the HAPEX-MOBILHY Dataset
In this last part, a detailed comparison of the model predictions with all the HAPEX-MOBILHY dataset available within a mesoscale subdomain is carried out. The simulation subdomain encompasses a fraction of a pine forest and of a nearby ...
J. Noilhan; P. LacarrĶre; P. Bougeault
Development of a Three-Dimensional Meso-? Primitive Equation Model: Katabatic Winds Simulation in the Area of Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica
The spatial evolution of Antarctic katabatic winds in the area of Terra Nova Bay is examined using the three-dimensional version of the Universitķ Catholique de Louvain-ModĶle Atmosphķrique Rķgional (UCL-MAR) mesoscale primitive equation models. ...
Hubert Gallķe; Guy Schayes
The 13¢14 December 2001 IMPROVE-2 Event. Part II: Comparisons of MM5 Model Simulations of Clouds and Precipitation with Observations
This paper compares airborne in situ observations of cloud microphysical parameters with the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU¢NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) simulations, using the Reisner-2 ...
Matthew F. Garvert; Christopher P. Woods; Brian A. Colle; Clifford F. Mass; Peter V. Hobbs; Mark T. Stoelinga; Justin B. Wolfe
Use of the CAPTEX Data for Evaluations of a Long-Range Transport Numerical Model with a Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation Technique
A ōfour-dimensional data assimilationö technique is employed in a time-dependent, three-dimensional mesoscale model to simulate long-range pollutant transport and diffusion in the eastern United States using the 1983 Cross-Appalachian Tracer ...
Chih-Yue Jim Kao; Tetsuji Yamada
PGMA Model
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
PGMA Model PGMA Model PM-G1-F1-012802.doc Revised January 28, 2002 Page 1 The PGMA (Policy, Guidance, Metrics, Assessments) was originally conceived as a model to provide the framework for developing the components for DOE Information Technology (IT) related policies. Its specific purpose is to drive the development of the four components and ensure a corresponding element within each component. The model components are: POLICY C A concise statement supporting the Department=s needs for quality business solutions. C Link to existing IT policy statements without redundancy. GUIDANCE C Documentation, templates, references, checklists, training, (using Web and other means) to provide implementation mechanisms and techniques for policy adherence.
Modelling I
Mar 15, 2012 ... Current Distribution and Lorentz Field Modelling Using Cathode Designs: A ... The electrical conductivity of the cathode-block and the collector bar is so ... load, creating a very uneven current distribution within the cathode.
Modelling approaches
Understanding and mitigating risks and threats to critical infrastructures relies heavily on the ability to construct and validate models often involving physical systems or even human intervention. This, together with the wide range of scales from critical ...
Nils Kalstad Svendsen; Stephen D. Wolthusen
Batteries - Modeling
Battery Modeling Over the last few decades, a broad range of battery technologies have been examined at Argonne for transportation applications. Today the focus is on lithium-ion...
PREDICTIVE MODELS is a collection of five models - CFPM, CO2PM, ICPM, PFPM, and SFPM - used in the 1982-1984 National Petroleum Council study of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) potential. Each pertains to a specific EOR process designed to squeeze additional oil from aging or spent oil fields. The processes are: 1) chemical flooding, where soap-like surfactants are injected into the reservoir to wash out the oil; 2) carbon dioxide miscible flooding, where carbon dioxide mixes with the lighter hydrocarbons making the oil easier to displace; 3) in-situ combustion, which uses the heat from burning some of the underground oil to thin the product; 4) polymer flooding, where thick, cohesive material is pumped into a reservoir to push the oil through the underground rock; and 5) steamflood, where pressurized steam is injected underground to thin the oil. CFPM, the Chemical Flood Predictive Model, models micellar (surfactant)-polymer floods in reservoirs, which have been previously waterflooded to residual oil saturation. Thus, only true tertiary floods are considered. An option allows a rough estimate of oil recovery by caustic or caustic-polymer processes. CO2PM, the Carbon Dioxide miscible flooding Predictive Model, is applicable to both secondary (mobile oil) and tertiary (residual oil) floods, and to either continuous CO2 injection or water-alternating gas processes. ICPM, the In-situ Combustion Predictive Model, computes the recovery and profitability of an in-situ combustion project from generalized performance predictive algorithms. PFPM, the Polymer Flood Predictive Model, is switch-selectable for either polymer or waterflooding, and an option allows the calculation of the incremental oil recovery and economics of polymer relative to waterflooding. SFPM, the Steamflood Predictive Model, is applicable to the steam drive process, but not to cyclic steam injection (steam soak) processes.
Ray, R.M. (DOE Bartlesville Energy Technology Technology Center, Bartlesville, OK (United States))
A Quasi-Geostrophic Circulation Model of the Northeast Pacific. Part I: A Preliminary Numerical Experiment
A limited-area quasi-geostrophic numerical model with mesoscale resolution is developed to study the circulation in the northeast (NE) Pacific Ocean. The model domain extends from the British Columbia-Alaska coast out to 170░W and down to 45░N, ...
Patrick F. Cummins; Lawrence A. Mysak
Eddy Dynamics in a Primitive Equation Model: Sensitivity to Horizontal Resolution and Friction
A primitive equation model of an idealized ocean basin, driven by simple, study wind and buoyancy forcing at the surface, is used to study the dynamics of mesoscale eddies. Model statistics of a six-year integration using a fine grid (1/6░ ū 0.2░)...
Claus W. B÷ning; Reinhard G. Budich
The Scripps Coupled Ocean¢Atmosphere Regional (SCOAR) Model, with Applications in the Eastern Pacific Sector
A regional coupled ocean¢atmosphere model is introduced. It is designed to admit the air¢sea feedbacks arising in the presence of an oceanic mesoscale eddy field. It consists of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and the Regional Spectral ...
Hyodae Seo; Arthur J. Miller; John O. Roads
Multifunctional Mesoscale Observing Networks
More than 120 scientists, engineers, administrators, and users met on 8¢10 December 2003 in a workshop format to discuss the needs for enhanced three-dimensional mesoscale observing networks. Improved networks are seen as being critical to ...
Walter F. Dabberdt; Thomas W. Schlatter; Frederick H. Carr; Elbert W. Joe Friday; David Jorgensen; Steven Koch; Maria Pirone; F. Martin Ralph; Juanzhen Sun; Patrick Welsh; James W. Wilson; Xiaolei Zou
Numerical Forecasting of Radiation Fog. Part II: A Comparison of Model Simulation with Several Observed Fog Events
A 1D model adapted for forecasting the formation and development of fog, and forced with mesoscale parameters derived from a 3D limited-area model, was used to simulate three fog event observations made during the Lille 88 campaign. The model ...
Daniel Guedalia; Thierry Bergot
Dynamics of Track Deflection Associated with the Passage of Tropical Cyclones over a Mesoscale Mountain
In this study, the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU¢NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) was used to simulate Supertyphoon Bilis (in 2000) and Typhoon Toraji (in 2001) in order to investigate the ...
Yuh-Lang Lin; Nicholas C. Witcraft; Ying-Hwa Kuo
The Interaction between the Bottom Mixed layer and Mesoscale Motions of the Ocean: A Numerical Study
The interaction between a bottom mixed layer and a mesoscale eddy field is studied using a numerical model of a two-layer quasi-geostrophic fluid above a mixed layer. The height of the mixed layer is assumed to be restricted by stratification. A ...
K. J. Richards
Impact of Improved Initialization of Mesoscale Features on Convective System Rainfall in 10-km Eta Simulations
A 10-km version of the NCEP Eta Model has been run over a roughly 1000 km ū 1000 km domain centered over the upper Midwest for 20 cases where heavy warm season rainfall occurred from mesoscale convective systems to investigate the response of the ...
William A. Gallus Jr.; Moti Segal
Propagation of Wind Energy into the Deep Ocean through a Fully Turbulent Mesoscale Eddy Field
The authors analyze the 3D propagation of wind-forced near-inertial motions in a fully turbulent mesoscale eddy field with a primitive equation numerical model. Although the wind stress is uniform, the near-inertial motion field quickly becomes ...
Eric Danioux; Patrice Klein; Pascal RiviĶre
Model replication: transformations to address model scalability
In model-driven engineering, it is often desirable to evaluate different design alternatives as they relate to scalability issues of the modeled system. A typical approach to address scalability is model replication, which starts by creating base models ... Keywords: domain-specific modeling, model transformation, model-driven engineering, scalability
Yuehua Lin; Jeff Gray; Jing Zhang; Steve Nordstrom; Aniruddha Gokhale; Sandeep Neema; Swapna Gokhale
Criticality Model
The ''Disposal Criticality Analysis Methodology Topical Report'' (YMP 2003) presents the methodology for evaluating potential criticality situations in the monitored geologic repository. As stated in the referenced Topical Report, the detailed methodology for performing the disposal criticality analyses will be documented in model reports. Many of the models developed in support of the Topical Report differ from the definition of models as given in the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management procedure AP-SIII.10Q, ''Models'', in that they are procedural, rather than mathematical. These model reports document the detailed methodology necessary to implement the approach presented in the Disposal Criticality Analysis Methodology Topical Report and provide calculations utilizing the methodology. Thus, the governing procedure for this type of report is AP-3.12Q, ''Design Calculations and Analyses''. The ''Criticality Model'' is of this latter type, providing a process evaluating the criticality potential of in-package and external configurations. The purpose of this analysis is to layout the process for calculating the criticality potential for various in-package and external configurations and to calculate lower-bound tolerance limit (LBTL) values and determine range of applicability (ROA) parameters. The LBTL calculations and the ROA determinations are performed using selected benchmark experiments that are applicable to various waste forms and various in-package and external configurations. The waste forms considered in this calculation are pressurized water reactor (PWR), boiling water reactor (BWR), Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF), Training Research Isotope General Atomic (TRIGA), Enrico Fermi, Shippingport pressurized water reactor, Shippingport light water breeder reactor (LWBR), N-Reactor, Melt and Dilute, and Fort Saint Vrain Reactor spent nuclear fuel (SNF). The scope of this analysis is to document the criticality computational method. The criticality computational method will be used for evaluating the criticality potential of configurations of fissionable materials (in-package and external to the waste package) within the repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada for all waste packages/waste forms. The criticality computational method is also applicable to preclosure configurations. The criticality computational method is a component of the methodology presented in ''Disposal Criticality Analysis Methodology Topical Report'' (YMP 2003). How the criticality computational method fits in the overall disposal criticality analysis methodology is illustrated in Figure 1 (YMP 2003, Figure 3). This calculation will not provide direct input to the total system performance assessment for license application. It is to be used as necessary to determine the criticality potential of configuration classes as determined by the configuration probability analysis of the configuration generator model (BSC 2003a).
A. Alsaed
Century Model Product Available
Century Model Available The ORNL DAAC announces the availability of a new model product. The model product "CENTURY: Modeling Ecosystem Responses to Climate Change, Version 4...
Nuclear Models
The atomic nucleus is a typical example of a many-body problem. On the one hand, the number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) that constitute the nucleus is too large to allow for exact calculations. On the other hand, the number of constituent particles is too small for the individual nuclear excitation states to be explained by statistical methods. Another problem, particular for the atomic nucleus, is that the nucleon-nucleon (n-n) interaction is not one of the fundamental forces of Nature, and is hard to put in a single closed equation. The nucleon-nucleon interaction also behaves differently between two free nucleons (bare interaction) and between two nucleons in the nuclear medium (dressed interaction).Because of the above reasons, specific nuclear many-body models have been devised of which each one sheds light on some selected aspects of nuclear structure. Only combining the viewpoints of different models, a global insight of the atomic nucleus can be gained. In this chapter, we revise the the Nuclear Shell Model as an example of the microscopic approach, and the Collective Model as an example of the geometric approach. Finally, we study the statistical properties of nuclear spectra, basing on symmetry principles, to find out whether there is quantum chaos in the atomic nucleus. All three major approaches have been rewarded with the Nobel Prize of Physics. In the text, we will stress how each approach introduces its own series of approximations to reduce the prohibitingly large number of degrees of freedom of the full many-body problem to a smaller manageable number of effective degrees of freedom.
Fossion, Ruben [Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apartado Postal 70-543, Mexico D. F., C.P. 04510 (Mexico)
Modelling osteomyelitis
-related Figure 2 Box plot representation of the gene expression of 82 genes corresponding to a) 48 osteomyelitis infected patients and b) 27 healthy controls). Li" et al. BMC Bioinformatics 2012, 13(Suppl 14):S12 http... (2):206-215. 11. Li" P, Merelli E, Paoletti N: Multiple verification in computational modeling of bone pathologies. CompMod 2011, 82-96. Li" et al. BMC Bioinformatics 2012, 13(Suppl 14):S12 http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcbioinformatics/supplements/13/S14/S12 Page...
Li", Pietro; Paoletti, Nicola; Moni, Mohammad A; Atwell, Kathryn; Merelli, Emanuela; Viceconti, Marco
The Operational Mesogamma-Scale Analysis and Forecast System of the U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command. Part I: Overview of the Modeling System, the Forecast Products, and How the Products Are Used
Given the rapid increase in the use of operational mesoscale models to satisfy different specialized needs, it is important for the community to share ideas and solutions for meeting the many associated challenges that encompass science, ...
Yubao Liu; Thomas T. Warner; James F. Bowers; Laurie P. Carson; Fei Chen; Charles A. Clough; Christopher A. Davis; Craig H. Egeland; Scott F. Halvorson; Terrence W. Huck Jr.; Leo Lachapelle; Robert E. Malone; Daran L. Rife; Rong-Shyang Sheu; Scott P. Swerdlin; Dean S. Weingarten
Regional Climate Model Simulation of U.S. Precipitation during 1982¢2002. Part I: Annual Cycle
The fifth-generation PSU¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5)-based regional climate model (CMM5) capability in simulating the U.S. precipitation annual cycle is evaluated with a 1982¢2002 continuous baseline integration driven by the NCEP¢DOE second ...
Xin-Zhong Liang; Li Li; Kenneth E. Kunkel; Mingfang Ting; Julian X. L. Wang
Development of a Regional Climate Model for U.S. Midwest Applications. Part I: Sensitivity to Buffer Zone Treatment
A regional climate model (RCM) is being developed for U.S. Midwest applications on the basis of the newly released Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Fifth-Generation Mesoscale Model (MM5), version 3.3. This study determines the optimal RCM ...
Xin-Zhong Liang; Kenneth E. Kunkel; Arthur N. Samel
Model of the Regional Coupled Earth system (MORCE): Application to process and climate studies in vulnerable regions
The vulnerability of human populations and natural systems and their ability to adapt to extreme events and climate change vary with geographic regions and populations. Regional climate models (RCM), composed by an atmospheric component coupled to a ... Keywords: CORDEX, ChArMeX, Climate modeling, HyMeX, Impact studies, MORCE platform, MerMeX, Mesoscale process, Regional Earth system
Philippe Drobinski; Alesandro Anav; Cindy Lebeaupin Brossier; Guillaume Samson; Marc Stķfanon; Sophie Bastin; Mķlika Baklouti; Karine Bķranger; Jonathan Beuvier; Romain Bourdallķ-Badie; Laure Coquart; Fabio D'Andrea; Nathalie de Noblet-Ducoudrķ; Frķdķric Diaz; Jean-Claude Dutay; Christian Ethe; Marie-Alice Foujols; Dmitry Khvorostyanov; Gurvan Madec; Martial Mancip; Sķbastien Masson; Laurent Menut; Julien Palmieri; Jan Polcher; SolĶne Turquety; Sophie Valcke; Nicolas Viovy
... Model 3564 STEELSHED, inc Model A-G22 HD Model 65-1 DIY Model AB344 ... 23 Bill identifies DIY Model AB344 as his choice and procures the ...
Dynamical Model Simulation of the Morning Boundary Layer Development in Deep Mountain Valleys
A dry, two-dimensional version of the Colorado State University Multi-dimensional Cloud/Mesoscale Model was used to study the cross-valley evolution of the wind and temperature structures in an idealized east-west oriented mountain valley. Two ...
David C. Bader; Thomas B. Mckee
Diurnal Winds in the Himalayan Kali Gandaki Valley. Part II: Modeling
The Penn State¢NCAR mesoscale model MM5 is used to simulate and better understand the wind observations in the Kali Gandaki Valley reported in the first part of this paper. The Kali Gandaki River originates in Nepal near Tibet, flows southward ...
G³nther Zõngl; Joseph Egger; Volkmar Wirth
Parameterization Improvements in an Eddy-Permitting Ocean Model for Climate
Different parameterizations for vertical mixing and the effects of ocean mesoscale eddies are tested in an eddy-permitting ocean model. It has a horizontal resolution averaging about 0.7░ and was used as the ocean component of the parallel ...
Peter R. Gent; Anthony P. Craig; Cecilia M. Bitz; John W. Weatherly
Multiply Nested Regional Climate Simulation for Southern South America: Sensitivity to Model Resolution
Results are reported from two 5-month-long simulations for southern South America using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5). The periods of simulation correspond to May¢September 1997 and 1998, which were ...
Maisa Rojas
A Three-Dimensional Model of Density-Driven Circulation in the Irish Sea
A semi-implicit version of the Princeton Ocean Model, ECOMsi, was used to simulate the cyclonic gyre that is found in the western Irish Sea during the spring and the summer. Mesoscale, seasonal, density-driven circulations such as this are an ...
Kevin J. Horsburgh; A. Edward Hill
Modeling the Effects of Land¢Sea Roughness Contrast on Tropical Cyclone Winds
The fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU¢NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) is used to simulate tropical cyclone (TC) wind distribution near landfall. On an f plane at 15░N, the effects of the ...
Martin L. M. Wong; Johnny C. L. Chan
Sea-Breeze Interactions along a Concave Coastline in Southern Australia: Observations and Numerical Modeling Study
Observations and numerical modeling of the bay and ocean breezes of Port Phillip Bay show that the interaction of these two breezes produces features undocumented in previous sea-breeze studies. The first of these is the formation of a mesoscale ...
Deborah J. Abbs
Generative model transformer
The Generative Model Transformer (GMT) project is an Open Source initiative to build a Model Driven ArchitecureÖ tool that allows fully customisable Platform Independent Models, Platform Description Models, Texture Mappings, and Refinement Transformations. ... Keywords: QVT, domain-specific languages, generative model transformer (GMT), model driven architecture (MDA), model transformation, open source
Jorn Bettin; Ghica van Emde Boas
Numerical Study of Terrain-Induced Mesoscale Motions and Hydrostatic Form Drag in a Heated, Growing Mixed Layer
A four-layer three-dimensional model whose lowest layer is a time and space-dependent, well-mixed boundary layer is employed over artificial, irregular terrain on the mesoscale during a daytime heating cycle. Only if the surface heating and mixed-...
J. W. Deardorff; K. Ueyoshi; Y-J. Han
Mesoscale Atmospheric Dispersion, 2001, Ed. Z. Boybeyi, WIT Publications, Southampton, UK, Advances in Air Pollution, Vol 9, p. 424.
Mesoscale Atmospheric Dispersion, 2001, Ed. Z. Boybeyi, WIT Publications, Southampton, UK, Advances in Air Pollution, Vol 9, p. 424. Chapter 9 Numerical modeling of gas deposition and bi- directional Dispersion, 2001, Ed. Z. Boybeyi, WIT Publications, Southampton, UK, Advances in Air Pollution, Vol 9, p. 424
Raman, Sethu
Numerical Simulations of a Gravity Wave Event over CCOPE. Part I: The Role of Geostrophic Adjustment in Mesoscale Jetlet Formation
Mesoscale model simulations are performed in order to provide insight into the complex role of jet streak adjustments in establishing an environment favorable to the generation of gravity waves on 11¢12 July 1981. This wave event was observed in ...
Michael L. Kaplan; Steven E. Koch; Yuh-Lang Lin; Ronald P. Weglarz; Robert A. Rozumalski
Mesoscale hybrid calibration artifact
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A mesoscale calibration artifact, also called a hybrid artifact, suitable for hybrid dimensional measurement and the method for make the artifact. The hybrid artifact has structural characteristics that make it suitable for dimensional measurement in both vision-based systems and touch-probe-based systems. The hybrid artifact employs the intersection of bulk-micromachined planes to fabricate edges that are sharp to the nanometer level and intersecting planes with crystal-lattice-defined angles.
Tran, Hy D. (Albuquerque, NM); Claudet, Andre A. (Albuquerque, NM); Oliver, Andrew D. (Waltham, MA)
Hydrogen Delivery Analysis Models
model for delivery system component costs and performance: Components Model Delivery scenario model for Urban and Rural Interstate markets and demand levels (Mkt....
An air pollution trajectory model for Southeast Texas
Amounts of ozone for the Houston area are the second-highest within the United States. As a result of Houston's high ozone problem a task of finding new ways to control the ozone concentration was necessary for the Southeast Texas area (Lambeth et al. 1994). A hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian model was optimized to examine the southeast Texas coastal region for high ozone development. Verification of the optinuzed air pollution model was performed by a case study for a day with high ozone concentration and a day with low ozone concentration having similar meteorological setup for the Houston area. The model chosen for study was the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangiank Model (HY-SPLIT). The verification used enhanced meteorological data sources for researching the phenomena which developed the ozone concentration problem. The meteorology of these case studies generated trajectories to observe the ozone distribution trends for the Texas coastal area.The analysis of the trajectories generated suggested that either the Nested Grid Model (NGM) or gridded rawinsonde data could be used for the HY-SPLIT model input. However for mesoscale features, the gridded rawinsonde data produced moreinput. However for mesoscale features, the gridded rawinsonde data produced more accurate trajectory tracings for study of ozone concentrations. As a result of this case study, mesoscale flow was determined to be a key factor in origination and distribution of source pollutants. The development of the sea breeze and its air content was crucial in determining the ozone content for the Southeast Texas region. Mixing associated with strong sea breeze and land breeze flows found low ozone concentrations in the region of interest. This strong sea breeze flow produced large parcel movement associated with the trajectories computed for this study. However with light winds, stable conditions, wann temperatures and high photochemical activity high ozone and shorter trajectories were seen for the Houston area.
Walters, Tamera Ann
Model interoperability in building information modelling
The exchange of design models in the design and construction industry is evolving away from 2-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) and paper towards semantically-rich 3-dimensional digital models. This approach, known as Building Information Modelling ... Keywords: Building Information Modelling, Interoperability
Jim Steel; Robin Drogemuller; Bianca Toth
I&C Modeling in SPAR Models
The Standardized Plant Analysis Risk (SPAR) models for the U.S. commercial nuclear power plants currently have very limited instrumentation and control (I&C) modeling [1]. Most of the I&C components in the operating plant SPAR models are related to the reactor protection system. This was identified as a finding during the industry peer review of SPAR models. While the Emergency Safeguard Features (ESF) actuation and control system was incorporated into the Peach Bottom Unit 2 SPAR model in a recent effort [2], various approaches to expend resources for detailed I&C modeling in other SPAR models are investigated.
John A. Schroeder
2002 EIA Models Directory
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
The Personal Computer International Nuclear Model (PCINM) is a deterministic model used by the Energy Information Administration (EIA) to project ...
cell probe model
NIST. cell probe model. (definition). Definition: A model of computation where the cost of a computation is measured by the ...
Use Our Model
... Use Our ModelContact Us. *. Bookmark and Share. Use Our Model. to Translate Research into the Classroom. The paper ...
Transformer Modeling in the Common Information Model
The Common Information Model (CIM) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61970 model contains transformers. However, the modeling was based on the needs and requirements defined primarily by the transmission users. Because the CIM has been expanded into distribution and the distribution control center, there is a need to review the transformer model and ensure that the needs and requirements of both transmission and distribution are defined and included. This report proposes method to model tra...
CALPHAD Modeling of Homogeneity Ranges
... Systems Page 3. Model Descriptions Ģ Stoichiometric model ? solids with fixed concentration Ģ Regular solution type model ? liquids ...
Econometric structural models : a model selection approach.
??Using a model selection approach, this thesis proposes a constructive data-and-theory-combined procedure to identify model structures in the framework of a linear simultaneous equations systemģ (more)
Chen, Pu
The Operational Mesogamma-Scale Analysis and Forecast System of the U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command. Part III: Forecasting with Secondary-Applications Models
Output from the Army Test and Evaluation CommandÆs Four-Dimensional Weather SystemÆs mesoscale model is used to drive secondary-applications models to produce forecasts of quantities of importance for daily decision making at U.S. Army test ...
Robert D. Sharman; Yubao Liu; Rong-Shyang Sheu; Thomas T. Warner; Daran L. Rife; James F. Bowers; Charles A. Clough; Edward E. Ellison
Numerical Simulation of an Intense Squall Line during 10¢11 June 1985 PRE-STORM. Part I: Model Verification
A 24-h nested-grid simulation of an intense squall line during the 1985 PRE-STORM experiment is presented using an improved version of the Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research three-dimensional mesoscale model. ...
Da-Lin Zhang; Kun Gao; David B. Parsons
Modeling the ENSO Modulation of Antarctic Climate in the Late 1990s with the Polar MM5
The Polar fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) is employed to examine the El Ni±o¢Southern Oscillation (ENSO) modulation of Antarctic climate for July 1996¢June 1999, which is shown to be stronger than for the ...
David H. Bromwich; Andrew J. Monaghan; Zhichang Guo
Evaluation of the Simple Urban Energy Balance Model Using Selected Data from 1-yr Flux Observations at Two Cities
The authorsÆ objective was to apply the Simple Urban Energy Balance Model for Mesoscale Simulation (SUMM) to cities. Data were selected from 1-yr flux observations conducted at three sites in two cities: one site in Kugahara, Japan (Ku), and two ...
Toru Kawai; Mohammad Kholid Ridwan; Manabu Kanda
The Common Land Model
The Common Land Model (CLM) was developed for community use by a grassroots collaboration of scientists who have an interest in making a general land model available for public use and further development. The major model characteristics include ...
Yongjiu Dai; Xubin Zeng; Robert E. Dickinson; Ian Baker; Gordon B. Bonan; Michael G. Bosilovich; A. Scott Denning; Paul A. Dirmeyer; Paul R. Houser; Guoyue Niu; Keith W. Oleson; C. Adam Schlosser; Zong-Liang Yang
Modeling of geothermal systems
During the last decade the use of numerical modeling for geothermal resource evaluation has grown significantly, and new modeling approaches have been developed. In this paper we present a summary of the present status in numerical modeling of geothermal systems, emphasizing recent developments. Different modeling approaches are described and their applicability discussed. The various modeling tasks, including natural-state, exploitation, injection, multi-component and subsidence modeling, are illustrated with geothermal field examples. 99 refs., 14 figs.
Bodvarsson, G.S.; Pruess, K.; Lippmann, M.J.
Classification Tree Methods for Analysis of Mesoscale Distribution of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Trentino, Italian Alps
Cases of Lyme disease and tick borne encephalitis were recently recognized in the province of Trento, Italian Alps. Assessment of areas of potential risk for these tick-borne diseases is carried out by a model based on CART (Classification and Regression Trees), using both discrete and continuous variables. Data on Ixodes ricinus (L.) occurrence resulted from samplings carried out by standard methods in 99 sites over an area of 2; 700 km 2 in the Province of Trento. A series of environmental parameters were recorded from each site and population densities of roe deer, Capreolus capreolus (L.), were considered. The CART model discriminates two variables which appear to have the greatest effect on the mesoscale occurrence of ticks: altitude and geological substratum with drastic decrease of tick frequency above ▀ 1; 100 m a:s:l: or on volcanic substrata. The model is effective in identifying the mesoscale areas at greater potential risk, with a relatively low sampling effort. KEY WOR...
Ixodes Ricinus; Stefano Merler; Cesare Furlanello; Claudio Chemini; Gianni Nicolini
Reformulated Gasoline Complex Model
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
Refiners Switch to Reformulated Refiners Switch to Reformulated Gasoline Complex Model Contents * Summary * Introduction o Table 1. Comparison of Simple Model and Complex Model RFG Per Gallon Requirements * Statutory, Individual Refinery, and Compliance Baselines o Table 2. Statutory Baseline Fuel Compositions * Simple Model * Complex Model o Table 3. Complex Model Variables * Endnotes Related EIA Short-Term Forecast Analysis Products * RFG Simple and Complex Model Spreadsheets * Areas Particpating in the Reformulated Gasoline Program * Environmental Regulations and Changes in Petroleum Refining Operations * Oxygenate Supply/Demand Balances in the Short-Term Integrated Forecasting Model * Reformulated Gasoline Foreign Refinery Rules * Demand, Supply, and Price Outlook for Reformulated Motor Gasoline, 1995 , (Adobe
Modelling II and Measurement
Mar 15, 2012 ... Modeling Cathode Cooling Due to Power Interruption: Marc Dupuis1; Alton ... Modeling the Mass and Energy Balance of Different AluminiumĀ...
Molegro Data Modeller
Dec 18, 2007 ... Molegro Data Modeller is a cross-platform application for Data Mining, Data Modelling, and Data Visualization. Features at a glance:
DRI Model of the U.S. Economy. Ron Earley (202) 586-1398. World Oil Refining, Logistics, and Demand Model. Dan Butler (202) 586-9503 ...
Mesoscale Convective Complexes in Africa
Digitized full-disk infrared satellite imagery from the European geostationary satellite (Meteosat) for 1986 and 1987 was used to construct a climatology of mesoscale convective complexes (MCCs) in Africa One hundred ninety-five systems formed ...
Arlene G. Laing; J. Michael Fritsch
The purpose of this Analysis and Model Report (AMR) is to document Rock Properties Model (RPM) 3.1 with regard to input data, model methods, assumptions, uncertainties and limitations of model results, and qualification status of the model. The report also documents the differences between the current and previous versions and validation of the model. The rock properties models are intended principally for use as input to numerical physical-process modeling, such as of ground-water flow and/or radionuclide transport. The constraints, caveats, and limitations associated with this model are discussed in the appropriate text sections that follow. This work was conducted in accordance with the following planning documents: WA-0344, ''3-D Rock Properties Modeling for FY 1998'' (SNL 1997, WA-0358), ''3-D Rock Properties Modeling for FY 1999'' (SNL 1999), and the technical development plan, Rock Properties Model Version 3.1, (CRWMS M&O 1999c). The Interim Change Notice (ICNs), ICN 02 and ICN 03, of this AMR were prepared as part of activities being conducted under the Technical Work Plan, TWP-NBS-GS-000003, ''Technical Work Plan for the Integrated Site Model, Process Model Report, Revision 01'' (CRWMS M&O 2000b). The purpose of ICN 03 is to record changes in data input status due to data qualification and verification activities. These work plans describe the scope, objectives, tasks, methodology, and implementing procedures for model construction. The constraints, caveats, and limitations associated with this model are discussed in the appropriate text sections that follow. The work scope for this activity consists of the following: (1) Conversion of the input data (laboratory measured porosity data, x-ray diffraction mineralogy, petrophysical calculations of bound water, and petrophysical calculations of porosity) for each borehole into stratigraphic coordinates; (2) Re-sampling and merging of data sets; (3) Development of geostatistical simulations of porosity; (4) Generation of derivative property models via linear coregionalization with porosity; (5) Post-processing of the simulated models to impart desired secondary geologic attributes and to create summary and uncertainty models; and (6) Conversion of the models into real-world coordinates. The conversion to real world coordinates is performed as part of the integration of the RPM into the Integrated Site Model (ISM) 3.1; this activity is not part of the current analysis. The ISM provides a consistent volumetric portrayal of the rock layers, rock properties, and mineralogy of the Yucca Mountain site and consists of three components: (1) Geologic Framework Model (GFM); (2) RPM, which is the subject of this AMR; and (3) Mineralogic Model. The interrelationship of the three components of the ISM and their interface with downstream uses are illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the geographic boundaries of the RPM and other component models of the ISM.
Clinton Lum
Numerical Simulation of the Large-Amplitude Mesoscale Gravity-Wave Event of 15 December 1987 in the Central United States
An observational study, employing spectral methods, is first made to establish a background for a modeling effort of the mesoscale gravity-wave event of 15 December 1987. The waves are found to have wavelengths of 100¢160 km, phase speeds of ...
Jordan G. Powers; Richard J. Reed
Nesting large-eddy simulations within mesoscale simulations for wind energy applications
With increasing demand for more accurate atmospheric simulations for wind turbine micrositing, for operational wind power forecasting, and for more reliable turbine design, simulations of atmospheric flow with resolution of tens of meters or higher are required. These time-dependent large-eddy simulations (LES), which resolve individual atmospheric eddies on length scales smaller than turbine blades and account for complex terrain, are possible with a range of commercial and open-source software, including the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. In addition to 'local' sources of turbulence within an LES domain, changing weather conditions outside the domain can also affect flow, suggesting that a mesoscale model provide boundary conditions to the large-eddy simulations. Nesting a large-eddy simulation within a mesoscale model requires nuanced representations of turbulence. Our group has improved the Weather and Research Forecasting model's (WRF) LES capability by implementing the Nonlinear Backscatter and Anisotropy (NBA) subfilter stress model following Kosovic (1997) and an explicit filtering and reconstruction technique to compute the Resolvable Subfilter-Scale (RSFS) stresses (following Chow et al, 2005). We have also implemented an immersed boundary method (IBM) in WRF to accommodate complex terrain. These new models improve WRF's LES capabilities over complex terrain and in stable atmospheric conditions. We demonstrate approaches to nesting LES within a mesoscale simulation for farms of wind turbines in hilly regions. Results are sensitive to the nesting method, indicating that care must be taken to provide appropriate boundary conditions, and to allow adequate spin-up of turbulence in the LES domain.
Lundquist, J K; Mirocha, J D; Chow, F K; Kosovic, B; Lundquist, K A
PREDICTIVE MODELS. Enhanced Oil Recovery Model
PREDICTIVE MODELS is a collection of five models - CFPM, CO2PM, ICPM, PFPM, and SFPM - used in the 1982-1984 National Petroleum Council study of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) potential. Each pertains to a specific EOR process designed to squeeze additional oil from aging or spent oil fields. The processes are: 1 chemical flooding; 2 carbon dioxide miscible flooding; 3 in-situ combustion; 4 polymer flooding; and 5 steamflood. CFPM, the Chemical Flood Predictive Model, models micellar (surfactant)-polymer floods in reservoirs, which have been previously waterflooded to residual oil saturation. Thus, only true tertiary floods are considered. An option allows a rough estimate of oil recovery by caustic or caustic-polymer processes. CO2PM, the Carbon Dioxide miscible flooding Predictive Model, is applicable to both secondary (mobile oil) and tertiary (residual oil) floods, and to either continuous CO2 injection or water-alternating gas processes. ICPM, the In-situ Combustion Predictive Model, computes the recovery and profitability of an in-situ combustion project from generalized performance predictive algorithms. PFPM, the Polymer Flood Predictive Model, is switch-selectable for either polymer or waterflooding, and an option allows the calculation of the incremental oil recovery and economics of polymer relative to waterflooding. SFPM, the Steamflood Predictive Model, is applicable to the steam drive process, but not to cyclic steam injection (steam soak) processes. The IBM PC/AT version includes a plotting capability to produces a graphic picture of the predictive model results.
Ray, R.M. [DOE Bartlesville Energy Technology Center, Bartlesville, OK (United States)
Surveying navigation modelling approaches
Recently, a number of authors who work on web application modelling have paid attention to the ideas regarding separation of concerns that underlie aspect-orientation, as well as some ideas that come from the model-driven development community. ... Keywords: internet, navigation modelling, separation of concerns, web application modelling, web engineering, web navigation
Antonia M. Reina-Quintero
OSHWPP model programs guide
Descriptions of model occupational health and safety programs implemented at DOE facilities are presented.
Simplifying environmental model reuse
The environmental modelling community has developed many models with varying levels of complexity and functionality. Many of these have overlapping problem domains, have very similar 'science' and yet are not compatible with each other. The modelling ... Keywords: APSIM, Component, Framework independent, Interoperability, Model, Simulation
Dean P. Holzworth; Neil I. Huth; Peter G. de Voil
Model Theory and Quantum
Model Theory and Quantum Groups Sonia L'Innocente Model Theory and Quantum Groups Sonia L'Innocente (University of Mons) Model Theory and Quantum Groups 1 / 40 #12;Model Theory and Quantum Groups Sonia L quantum plane, submitted. This work is inspired by Ivo Herzog's paper: The pseudo-finite dimensional
Mons-Hainaut, Universit├® de
Control physical models
This paper describes design of model physical model of rectification column. Physical model is appointed as a demonstration system control for distillation by means of control system SIMATIC PCS7 from company SIEMENS. The SIMATIC PCS7 Process control ... Keywords: description, distillation, physical model, process control system
TomßÜ Dvo?ßk; Jan BĒlek
Model Products Available
Available Available Archiving environmental data products has become recognized as a vital research practice: it improves our ability to reproduce results and perform additional analyses while saving the cost of redundant data collection activities. The same rationale applies to archiving numerical models. Archived models will provide the methodological detail of numerical modeling studies to recreate published modeling results, enabling the synthesis of results across modeling studies and the investigation of new hypotheses. In addition, archived models will allow determination of uncertainties for comparison with results from other models in assessment / policy studies. The model source code will also allow others to see how models treat individual processes. We are creating a two-tiered archive for numerical models. The first tier
Building Energy Modeling Library
Modeling (BEM) Modeling (BEM) Library TDM - Amir Roth Ellen Franconi Rocky Mountain Institute firstname.lastname@example.com 303-567-8609 April 2, 2013 Photo by : Dennis Schroeder, NREL 23250 2 | Building Technologies Office eere.energy.gov Project Overview Building Energy Modeling (BEM) Library * Define and develop a best-practices BEM knowledge repository to improve modeling consistency and address training gaps * Raise energy modeling industry "techniques" to the same
Model interoperability via Model Driven Development
Among the factors that contribute to the inherent complexity of the software development process is the gap between the design and the formal analysis domains. Software design is often considered a human oriented task while the analysis phase draws on ... Keywords: Model Driven Development, Model interoperability, Petri Nets, Software development, UML
Mohamed A. Ameedeen; Behzad Bordbar; Rachid Anane
Multiple model inference.
This paper compares three approaches for model selection: classical least squares methods, information theoretic criteria, and Bayesian approaches. Least squares methods are not model selection methods although one can select the model that yields the smallest sum-of-squared error function. Information theoretic approaches balance overfitting with model accuracy by incorporating terms that penalize more parameters with a log-likelihood term to reflect goodness of fit. Bayesian model selection involves calculating the posterior probability that each model is correct, given experimental data and prior probabilities that each model is correct. As part of this calculation, one often calibrates the parameters of each model and this is included in the Bayesian calculations. Our approach is demonstrated on a structural dynamics example with models for energy dissipation and peak force across a bolted joint. The three approaches are compared and the influence of the log-likelihood term in all approaches is discussed.
Swiler, Laura Painton; Urbina, Angel
Organizational Modes of Midlatitude Mesoscale Convective Systems
This paper discusses common modes of mesoscale convective organization. Using 2-km national composite reflectivity data, the authors investigated linear mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) that occurred in the central United States during May ...
Matthew D. Parker; Richard H. Johnson
Energy-consumption modelling
A highly sophisticated and accurate approach is described to compute on an hourly or daily basis the energy consumption for space heating by individual buildings, urban sectors, and whole cities. The need for models and specifically weather-sensitive models, composite models, and space-heating models are discussed. Development of the Colorado State University Model, based on heat-transfer equations and on a heuristic, adaptive, self-organizing computation learning approach, is described. Results of modeling energy consumption by the city of Minneapolis and Cheyenne are given. Some data on energy consumption in individual buildings are included.
Reiter, E.R.
Mesoscale Computational Materials Science - Programmaster.org
Jul 31, 2012 ... Symposium, Mesoscale Computational Materials Science of Energy Materials. Sponsorship ... materials for advanced batteries and fuel cells
Meso-scale Modelling on Ridging or Roping of Aluminium Alloys
Abstract Scope, Aluminium alloys for automobile body panel application often ... Frequency Modulation Effect on the Solidification of Alloy 718 Fusion Zone.
A Modified Approach to Initialize an Idealized Extratropical Cyclone within a Mesoscale Model
A technique for initializing realistic idealized extratropical cyclones for short-term (0¢72 h) numerical simulations is described. The approach modifies select methods from two previous studies to provide more control over the initial cyclone ...
Joseph B. Olson; Brian A. Colle
Mesoscale Impacts of Explicit Numerical Diffusion in a Convection-Permitting Model
In convection-permitting simulations, the spectrum of resolved motions is truncated near scales where convection is active. An ōenergy gapö between resolved and unresolved motions does not exist, such that the upscale and downscale fluxes of ...
Wolfgang Langhans; Juerg Schmidli; Christoph Schõr
An All-Weather Observational Operator for Radiance Data Assimilation with Mesoscale Forecast Models
Assimilating satellite radiance data under all weather conditions remains an outstanding problem in numerical weather prediction. This study develops an observational operator for use in radiance assimilation under both clear and cloudy ...
Thomas J. Greenwald; Rolf Hertenstein; Tomislava Vuki?evi?
Diagnosing a Colorado Heavy Snow Event with a Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Numerical Model Structured for Operational Use
State-of-the-art data sources, such as Doppler radar, automated surface observations, wind profiler, digital satellite, and aircraft reports, are for the first time providing the capability to generate real-time, operational three-dimensional ...
Johns Snook; Roger A. Pielke
Meso-Scale Modeling of Ion Irradiation-induced Swelling on Materials
Environmentally Assisted Cracking Susceptibility Assessment of AP 1000 Reactor Coolant Pump Flywheel Retainer Ring A289 18Cr-18Mn Steel by Slow StrainĀ...
Atomistic and Mesoscale Modeling of Dislocation B.S., Huazhong University of Science and Technology (1995)
debris; at metal-metal openings, including surface rolling imperfections; and at places where the package
Cai, Wei
Mapping Surface Parameters for Mesoscale Modeling in Forested and Deforested Southwestern Amazonia
Surface parameter digital maps of vegetation, soil, and relief are obtained over Rond¶nia, Brazil, covering the 5░ ū 5░ region 8░¢13░S, 65░¢60░W. Numerical maps of the natural landscape structure have been achieved by digitizing existing 1:1 000 ...
Jean-Christophe Calvet; Regina Santos-Alvalß; GeneviĶve Jaubert; Christine Delire; Carlos Nobre; Ivan Wright; Joļl Noilhan
Local-Domain Mesoscale Analysis and Forecast Model Support for the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games
The National Weather Service (NWS) developed the Olympic Weather Support System (OWSS) to provide specialized operational weather support for the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games in Atlanta. Operational implementation of the National Oceanic and ...
John S. Snook; Peter A. Stamus; James Edwards; Zaphiris Christidis; John A. McGinley
Influence of Grid Size and Terrain Resolution on Wind Field Predictions from an Operational Mesoscale Model
One of the activities of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Air Resources Laboratory is to predict the consequences of atmospheric releases of radioactivity and other potentially harmful materials. This paper describes the ...
Jeffery T. McQueen; Roland R. Draxler; Glenn D. Rolph
A Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Ocean Model. Part I: Well-Posedness and Scaling
The incompressibility and hydrostatic approximations that are traditionally used in large-scale oceanography to make the hydrodynamic equations more amenable to numerical integration result in the primitive equations. These are ill-posed in ...
Amala Mahadevan; Joseph Oliger; Robert Street
Mesoscale Modeling of Summertime Refractive Conditions in the Southern California Bight
Large vertical gradients of temperature and moisture, often present at the top of the atmospheric boundary layer, can result in anomalous electromagnetic propagation. Layers in which the modified refractive index M decreases with height can act ...
Using 4d-VAR to Move a Simulated Tropical Cyclone in a Mesoscale Model
It is shown that four-dimensional variational analysis (4d-VAR) is a data assimilation technique that has promise for calculating optimal perturbations for weather modification. Experiments described here demonstrate the ability of 4d-VAR to calculate ... Keywords: 4d-VAR, Chaos, Hurricane Iniki, NWP, Weather modification
R. N. Hoffman; J. M. Henderson; S. M. Leidner; C. Grassotti; T. Nehrkorn
Impact of Two Microphysical Schemes upon Gas Scavenging and Deposition in a Mesoscale Meteorological Model
Two widely used microphysical schemes are compared to evaluate their possible impact on wet deposition mechanisms. They are based upon different spectral distributions for raindrops (Marshall-Palmer and lognormal distributions) and use different ...
Nadine Chaumerliac; Evelyne Richard; Robert Rosset; Everett C. Nickerson
Horizontal Grid Size Selection and its Influence on Mesoscale Model Simulations
The use of two-dimensional spectral analysis applied to terrain heights in order to determine characteristic terrain spatial scales and its subsequent use for the objective definition of an adequate grid size required to resolve terrain forcing ...
Rosa Salvador; Josep Calb¾; Millßn M. Millßn
Analysis and Simulation of a Meso-scale Model of Diffusive Resistance of Bacterial Biofilms to
microenvironment and macroenvironment structural environment food identification & records housing social
Demaret, Laurent
spatial or temporal macroenvironment). Our linkage equilibrium assumption and the defini-across loci, so "macroenvironments" (e.g., spatial environmen- (49) #12;1062 M. Turelli and N. H. Barton Thus, for any positive B, K
Application of the Bratseth Scheme for the Analysis Of GALF, Data Using a Mesoscale Model
The successive correction scheme of Bratseth, which converges to optimum interpolation, is applied for the numerical analysis of data collected during the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment. A first guess for the analysis is provided by a 12-h ...
Keith D. Sashegyi; Dewey E. Harms; Rangarao V. Madala; Sethu Raman
Coupling between Sea Surface Temperature and Low-Level Winds in Mesoscale Numerical Models
This study evaluates the impacts of sea surface temperature (SST) specification and grid resolution on numerical simulations of air¢sea coupling near oceanic fronts through analyses of surface winds from the European Centre for Medium-Range ...
Qingtao Song; Dudley B. Chelton; Steven K. Esbensen; Nicolai Thum; Larry W. OÆNeill
Real-Time Detection of Split Fronts Using Mesoscale Models and WSR-88D Radar Products
A structured methodology for detecting the presence of split cold fronts in an operational forecast environment is developed and applied to a case in which a split front passed over a region of cold air damming in the southeastern United States. ...
Using Mesoscale Simulations to Train Statistical Models of Tropical Cyclone Intensity over Land
The decay of tropical cyclones after landfall is a key factor in estimating the extent of the hazard overland. Yet our current understanding of this decay is challenged by the low frequency of past events. Consequently, one cannot rely solely ...
Augustin Colette; Nadja Leith; Vincent Daniel; Enrica Bellone; David S. Nolan
Acoustic Characterization of Mesoscale Objects
This report describes the science and engineering performed to provide state-of-the-art acoustic capabilities for nondestructively characterizing mesoscale (millimeter-sized) objects--allowing micrometer resolution over the objects entire volume. Materials and structures used in mesoscale objects necessitate the use of (1) GHz acoustic frequencies and (2) non-contacting laser generation and detection of acoustic waves. This effort demonstrated that acoustic methods at gigahertz frequencies have the necessary penetration depth and spatial resolution to effectively detect density discontinuities, gaps, and delaminations. A prototype laser-based ultrasonic system was designed and built. The system uses a micro-chip laser for excitation of broadband ultrasonic waves with frequency components reaching 1.0 GHz, and a path-stabilized Michelson interferometer for detection. The proof-of-concept for mesoscale characterization is demonstrated by imaging a micro-fabricated etched pattern in a 70 {micro}m thick silicon wafer.
Chinn, D; Huber, R; Chambers, D; Cole, G; Balogun, O; Spicer, J; Murray, T
Model Validation Bernie Lesieutre
Model Validation Model Validation Bernie Lesieutre University of Wisconsin firstname.lastname@example.com 27 June 2013 Washington, DC DOE/OE Transmission Reliability Program 2 Project Objectives To Develop techniques and tools for PMU- and feature-based power system model validation. Background: Our prior proof-of-concept research demonstrated that feature-based sensitivity models can be used to calibrate power system dynamic models. This was applied to the WECC composite load model for oscillatory and FIDVR events. 3 Project Objectives PSLF simulation features features Sensitivity Model (parameters) Measured Data Simulated Data Features Error Adjust Parameters Technical Approach 4 Project Objectives Current Research: Use PMU data to calibrate power plant models. Four Tasks:
Sodar in Dispersion Modeling
Usefulness of sodar data for dispersion modeling has been highlighted. A case study of using sodar data in a simple Gaussian dispersion model to calculate ground-level concentration of particulate matter emitted from a cement plant has been ...
B. S. Gera; D. R. Pahwa; Neeraj Saxena; Gurbir Singh; Rakesh Aggarwal
Modeling teleological interpretation
The paper presents a model of teleological interpretation of statutory legal rules as well as an example of the genuine law case, which has been modeled with use of established methodology. Keywords: argumentation, reasoning, teleological interpretation
Tomasz Zurek, Micha? Araszkiewicz
Progress in Paleoclimate Modeling
This paper briefly surveys areas of paleoclimate modeling notable for recent progress. New ideas, including hypotheses giving a pivotal role to sea ice, have revitalized the low-order models used to simulate the time evolution of glacial cycles ...
Mark A. Cane; Pascale Braconnot; Amy Clement; Hezi Gildor; Sylvie Joussaume; Masa Kageyama; Myriam Khodri; Didier Paillard; Simon Tett; Eduardo Zorita
Scenario Driven Data Modelling
... an alert is generated that allows humans to query the model and a stored version of the data that matched the model. The high level steps of SDDM are as follows: ...
Modeling and Forecasting Aurora
Modeling the physical processes needed for forecasting space-weather events requires multiscale modeling. This article discusses several modelsresearchers use to treat the various auroral processes that influence space weather.
Dirk Lummerzheim
Advanced material appearance modeling
For many years, appearance models in computer graphics focused on general models for reflectance functions coupled with texture maps. Recently, it has been recognized that even very common materials such as hair, skin, fabric, and rusting metal require ...
Julie Dorsey; Holly Rushmeier
Facial modeling and animation
In this course we present an overview of the concepts and current techniques in facial modeling and animation. We introduce this research area by its history and applications. As a necessary prerequisite for facial modeling, data acquisition is discussed ...
J÷rg Haber; Demetri Terzopoulos
Anomaly General Circulation Models
Anomally models based on a spectral general circulation model (GCM) are formulated and applied to study of low-frequency atmospheric variability in the extratropics, and long-range forecasting research. A steady linear version of the anomaly ...
A. Navarra; K. Miyakoda
Simple Models of Stratification
Simple analytical and numerical models of gratified circulation are discussed. The models are driven by buoyancy and mechanical forcing, and buoyancy diffusion is parameterized in term of diapycnal mass fluxes. The interior responds in typical ...
William K. Dewar
AVESTAR® - Dynamic Modeling
Dynamic Modeling Dynamic Modeling The AVESTAR team is pursuing research on the dynamic modeling and simulation of advanced energy systems ranging from power plants to power grids. Dynamic models provide a continuous view of energy systems in action by calculating their transient behavior over time. Plant-wide Models For power plants, dynamic models are used to analyze a wide variety of operating scenarios, including normal base load operation, startup, shutdown, feedstock switchovers, cycling, and load-following. Dynamic process and control models are also essential for analyzing plant responses to setpoint changes and disturbances, as well as malfunctions and abnormal situations. Other applications of plant-wide dynamic models include controllability and operational flexibility analyses, environmental studies, safety evaluations, and risk mitigation.
Combining climate model output via model correlations
Apr 9, 2010 ... we fit a statistical model linking the ensemble members explicitly through the .... for the domain (winds, temperature, moisture, etc.) are obtained .... ever, there are different dynamical features to the indi- .... Further, it is possible.
PREDICTIVE MODELS is a collection of five models - CFPM, CO2PM, ICPM, PFPM, and SFPM - used in the 1982-1984 National Petroleum Council study of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) potential. Each pertains to a specific EOR process designed to squeeze additional oil from aging or spent oil fields. The processes are: 1 chemical flooding, where soap-like surfactants are injected into the reservoir to wash out the oil; 2 carbon dioxide miscible flooding, where carbon dioxide mixes with the lighter hydrocarbons making the oil easier to displace; 3 in-situ combustion, which uses the heat from burning some of the underground oil to thin the product; 4 polymer flooding, where thick, cohesive material is pumped into a reservoir to push the oil through the underground rock; and 5 steamflood, where pressurized steam is injected underground to thin the oil. CFPM, the Chemical Flood Predictive Model, models micellar (surfactant)-polymer floods in reservoirs, which have been previously waterflooded to residual oil saturation. Thus, only true tertiary floods are considered. An option allows a rough estimate of oil recovery by caustic or caustic-polymer processes. CO2PM, the Carbon Dioxide miscible flooding Predictive Model, is applicable to both secondary (mobile oil) and tertiary (residual oil) floods, and to either continuous CO2 injection or water-alternating gas processes. ICPM, the In-situ Combustion Predictive Model, computes the recovery and profitability of an in-situ combustion project from generalized performance predictive algorithms. PFPM, the Polymer Flood Predictive Model, is switch-selectable for either polymer or waterflooding, and an option allows the calculation of the incremental oil recovery and economics of polymer relative to waterflooding. SFPM, the Steamflood Predictive Model, is applicable to the steam drive process, but not to cyclic steam injection (steam soak) processes.
Ray, R.M. [DOE Bartlesville Energy Technology Technology Center, Bartlesville, OK (United States)
Fuel Modeling II
Mar 4, 2013 ... Integrated Computational Modeling of Materials for Nuclear Energy: ... Continuum Theory of Defects and Materials Response to Irradiation:Ā...
Boron: Modeling, Superconductivity
Oct 8, 2012 ... Boron, Boron Compounds, and Boron Nanomaterials: Structure, Properties, Processing and Applications: Boron: Modeling, Superconductivity
Modeling the Pacific Ocean
Two numerical models utilizing primitive equations (two momentum equations and a mass continuity equation) simulate the oceanography of the Pacific Ocean from 20{degrees}S to 50{degrees}N. The authors examine the abundant model data through visualization , by animating the appropriate model fields and viewing the time history of each model simulation as a color movie. The animations are used to aid understanding of ocean circulation.
Johnson, M.A.; O' Brien, J.J. (Mesoscale Air-Sea Interaction Group, Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (US))
Manufacturing Modeling and Simulation
... An integrated data model for manufacturing activities will be defined ... Measurement science techniques, including classic statistics, will be applied ...
Evaluation and Comparison of Noah and Pleim¢Xiu Land Surface Models in MM5 Using GųTE2001 Data: Spatial and Temporal Variations in Near-Surface Air Temperature
In this study, the performance of two advanced land surface models (LSMs; Noah LSM and Pleim¢Xiu LSM) coupled with the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University¢National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5), version 3.7.2, ...
J-F. Miao; D. Chen; K. Borne
The Java memory model
This paper describes the new Java memory model, which has been revised as part of Java 5.0. The model specifies the legal behaviors for a multithreaded program; it defines the semantics of multithreaded Java programs and partially determines legal implementations ... Keywords: Java, concurrency, memory model, multithreading
Jeremy Manson; William Pugh; Sarita V. Adve
A Holographic Energy Model
We suggest a holographic energy model in which the energy coming from spatial curvature, matter and radiation can be obtained by using the particle horizon for the infrared cut-off. We show the consistency between the holographic dark-energy model and the holographic energy model proposed in this paper. Then, we give a holographic description of the universe.
P. Huang; Yong-Chang Huang
Huang, P
Texture enhanced appearance models
Statistical region-based registration methods such as the active appearance model (AAM) are used for establishing dense correspondences in images. At low resolution, images correspondences can be recovered reliably in real-time. However, as resolution ... Keywords: Active appearance models, Atlases, Deformable models, Dimensionality reduction, Face images, Registration, Wavelets, Wedgelets
Rasmus Larsen; Mikkel B. Stegmann; Sune Darkner; S°ren Forchhammer; Timothy F. Cootes; Bjarne KjĒr Ersb°ll
A Smooth Cloud Model
In this paper a large-eddy ōsmoothö cloud (SC) model will be presented with smooth implying that the entire model converges under a Newton-based solution procedure or that time scales within the SC model are being resolved. Besides ensuring that ...
J. M. Reisner; C. A. Jeffery
Argonne GREET Model
Laboratory Transportation Technology R&D Center DOE Logo Laboratory Transportation Technology R&D Center DOE Logo About TTRDC Mission Experts Facilities Tools Publications Awards Media Center Site Index Search TTRDC ... Search Argonne Home > Transportation Technology R & D Center > Modeling_simulation > Alternative Fuels Autonomie Batteries Engines Green Racing ... ... GREET * Fuel-Cycle Model * Power Water Model * Copyright Statement * Mini-tool and Results * Vehicle-Cycle Model * Publications * AFLEET Tool * Fleet Footprint Calculator * Travel Carbon Calculator * Workshops * Contact ... ... Hybrid Electric Vehicles Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Materials Modeling, Simulation & Software Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles PSAT Smart Grid Student Competitions Transportation Research and Analysis Computing Center
Solar information process model
The MITRE Solar Information Process Model (SIP) is a computerized model that simulates information processes in solar markets. As such, it represents a useful tool in the formulation of solar information outreach programs. For each market investigated, SIP model outputs include prioritized listings of the information needs of key decision makers and other strategically important market participants, and related information flow paths. This report provides macro-descriptions of the model and its logic together with a detailed illustrative example of its application. It also presents the findings and conclusions resulting from utilization of the model in the analysis of information processes in eight solar markets within the residential, commercial and agricultural sectors.
Hewett, R.; Spewak, P.
Solar radiation model validation
Several mathematical models have been developed within the past few years which estimate the solar radiation from other weather variables. Some of these models have been used to generate data bases which are extensively used in the design and analysis of solar system. Three of these solar radiation models have been used in developing the Augmented SOLMET Solar Data Tapes for the 26 SOLMET sites and the 222 ERSATZ Solar Data Tapes. One of the models, a theoretical one, predicts the solar noon radiation for clear sky conditions from the optical air mass, precipitable water vapor and turbidity variables. A second model, an empirical one, predicts the hourly total horizontal radiation from meteorological variables. And, a third model, also an empirical one, predicts the hourly direct normal radiation from the hourly total horizontal radiation. A study of the accuracy of these three solar radiation models is reported here. To assess the accuracy of these models, data were obtained from several US National Weather Service Stations and other sources, used the models to estimate the solar-radiation, and then compared the modeled radiation values with observed radiation values. The results of these comparisons and conclusions regarding the accuracy of the models are presented.
Hall, I.J.; Prairie, R.R.; Anderson, H.E.; Boes, E.C.
Summertime Influence of SST on Surface Wind Stress off the U.S. West Coast from the U.S. Navy COAMPS Model
High-resolution mesoscale model sea surface temperature (SST) analyses and surface wind stress forecasts off the U.S. West Coast are analyzed on monthly time scales for robust signatures of air¢sea interaction as the surface winds encounter ocean ...
Tracy Haack; Dudley Chelton; Julie Pullen; James D. Doyle; Michael Schlax
A Model-aided Study of the Origin and Evolution of the Anomalously High Potential vorticity in the Inner Region of a Rapidly Deepening Marine Cyclone
High spatial and temporal resolution fields generated by a mesoscale prediction model are used to study a case of rapid marine cyclogenesis (26 mb in 12 h) within the context of potential vorticity (PV) thinking. The case, which occurred on 23 ...
Richard J. Reed; Mark T. Stoelinga; Ying-Hwa Kuo
A Numerical Model for Chemical and Meteorological Processes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Part II: A Case Study of the Air Quality Situation in Athens, Greece
A three-dimensional coupled mesoscale meteorological and photochemical model has been applied to the Athens basin in Greece. The Athens area experiences episodes of very high air pollution levels a few times every year. A severe episode on 25 May ...
Rail-transportation modeling
Many different types of transportation models are used to model coal transportation by rail. To obtain realistic results, it is usually necessary to consider other modes in addition to rail and other commodities in addition to coal. For example, to know the potential bottlenecks on the rail system it is necessary to predict the total level of freight movement on the rail system. This requires modeling the movements of other commodities in addition to coal. To predict the levels of flows of both coal and non-coal commodities on the rail system, it is necessary to predict the share of total flows carried by rail. This requires accurate modeling of competing modes. To develop accurate rate models it is also necessary to have information on competing modes. This paper presents a collection of transportation models used to model the various aspects of coal transportation by rail and shows how they interact.
Tobin, R.L.
Foam process models.
In this report, we summarize our work on developing a production level foam processing computational model suitable for predicting the self-expansion of foam in complex geometries. The model is based on a finite element representation of the equations of motion, with the movement of the free surface represented using the level set method, and has been implemented in SIERRA/ARIA. An empirically based time- and temperature-dependent density model is used to encapsulate the complex physics of foam nucleation and growth in a numerically tractable model. The change in density with time is at the heart of the foam self-expansion as it creates the motion of the foam. This continuum-level model uses an homogenized description of foam, which does not include the gas explicitly. Results from the model are compared to temperature-instrumented flow visualization experiments giving the location of the foam front as a function of time for our EFAR model system.
Moffat, Harry K.; Noble, David R.; Baer, Thomas A. (Procter & Gamble Co., West Chester, OH); Adolf, Douglas Brian; Rao, Rekha Ranjana; Mondy, Lisa Ann
Model documentation: household model of energy
The Household Model of Energy is an econometric model, meaning that energy use is determined quantitatively with the use of economic variables such as fuel prices and income. HOME is also primarily a structural model, meaning that energy use is determined as the result of interactions of intermediate components such as the number of households, the end use fuel shares and the energy use per household. HOME forecasts energy consumption in all occupied residential structures (households) in the United States on an annual basis through 1990. The forecasts are made based upon a number of initial conditions in 1980, various estimated elasticities, various parameters and assumptions, and a set of forecasted fuel prices and income. In addition to the structural detail, HOME operates on a more disaggregated level. This includes four end-use services (space heating, water heating, air conditioning, and others), up to seven fuel/technology types (dependent upon the end use service), two housing types, four structure vintages, and four Census regions. When the model is run as a module in IFFS, a sharing scheme further disaggregates the model to 10 Federal regions.
Holte, J.A.
Crossing the mesoscale no-mans land via parallel kinetic Monte Carlo.
The kinetic Monte Carlo method and its variants are powerful tools for modeling materials at the mesoscale, meaning at length and time scales in between the atomic and continuum. We have completed a 3 year LDRD project with the goal of developing a parallel kinetic Monte Carlo capability and applying it to materials modeling problems of interest to Sandia. In this report we give an overview of the methods and algorithms developed, and describe our new open-source code called SPPARKS, for Stochastic Parallel PARticle Kinetic Simulator. We also highlight the development of several Monte Carlo models in SPPARKS for specific materials modeling applications, including grain growth, bubble formation, diffusion in nanoporous materials, defect formation in erbium hydrides, and surface growth and evolution.
Garcia Cardona, Cristina (San Diego State University); Webb, Edmund Blackburn, III; Wagner, Gregory John; Tikare, Veena; Holm, Elizabeth Ann; Plimpton, Steven James; Thompson, Aidan Patrick; Slepoy, Alexander (U. S. Department of Energy, NNSA); Zhou, Xiao Wang; Battaile, Corbett Chandler; Chandross, Michael Evan
Journeys Beyond the Standard Model
Chapter 1 Introduction The Standard Model (SM) of Particleresults of searches for the standard model Higgs boson in ppunderstand new physics. The Standard Model is incom- plete;
Elor, Gilly
A Little Twin Higgs Model
introduced in these twin Higgs models. We leave thesequartic into the left-right twin Higgs model, leading to amechanism to the mirror twin Higgs model and established
Goh, Hock-Seng
Jenseits des Standard Modells
The Standard Model The Standard Model Unngel├Čste R├żtsel Jenseits des Standard Modells Das Standard Modell gibt auf viele Fragen, ├╝ber Struktur und Stabilit├żt der Materie eine Antwort. Dazu braucht es nur die sechs Sorten von Quarks und Leptonen und die vier fundamentalen Kr├żfte. Aber das Standard Modell ist nicht vollst├żndig; es gibt noch viele unbeantwortete Fragen. Eigentlich sollten wir aus Gr├╝nden der Symmetrie im Weltraum gleichviel Materie wie Antimaterie beobachten. Wir finden aber praktisch nur normale Materie! Warum? Woraus besteht die "Dunkle Materie", die wir nicht sehen k├Čnnen, die aber im Universum sichtbare Gravitationswirkungen zeigt? Warum kann das Standard Modell die Massen der Teilchen nicht vorhersagen? Sind Quarks and Leptonen wirklich fundamentae Teilchen, oder sind sie aus noch elementareren Partikeln aufgebaut?
Model-free Model-fitting and Predictive Distributions
Politis, D.N. (2007a). Model-free vs. model-based volatilityPolitis, D.N. (2007b). Model-free prediction, in Bulletin ofFurthermore, the model-free prediction principle can be
Politis, Dimitris N
Improved steamflood analytical model
The Jeff Jones steamflood model incorporates oil displacement by steam as described by Myhill and Stegemeier, and a three-component capture factor based on empirical correlations. The main drawback of the model however is the unsatisfactory prediction of the oil production peak: usually significantly lower than the actual. Our study focuses on improving this aspect of the Jeff Jones model. In our study, we simulated the production performance of a 5-spot steamflood pattern unit and compared the results against those based on the Jeff Jones model. Three reservoir types were simulated using 3-D Cartesian black oil models: Hamaca (9├?┬░API), San Ardo (12├?┬░API) and that based on the SPE fourth comparative solution project (14├?┬░API). In the first two field cases, a 45x23x8 model was used that represented 1/8 of a 10-acre 5-spot pattern unit, using typical rock and reservoir fluid properties. In the SPE project case, three models were used: 23x12x12 (2.5 ac), 31x16x12 (5 ac) and 45x23x8 (10 ac), that represented 1/8 of a 5-spot pattern unit. To obtain a satisfactory match between simulation and Jeff Jones analytical model results of the start and height of the production peak, the following refinements to the Jeff Jones model were necessary. First, the dimensionless steam zone size AcD was modified to account for decrease in oil viscosity during steamflood and its dependence on the steam injection rate. Second, the dimensionless volume of displaced oil produced VoD was modified from its square-root format to an exponential form. The modified model gave very satisfactory results for production performance up to 20 years of simulated steamflood, compared to the original Jeff Jones model. Engineers will find the modified model an improved and useful tool for prediction of steamflood production performance.
Chandra, Suandy
HOMER« Micropower Optimization Model
NREL has developed the HOMER micropower optimization model. The model can analyze all of the available small power technologies individually and in hybrid configurations to identify least-cost solutions to energy requirements. This capability is valuable to a diverse set of energy professionals and applications. NREL has actively supported its growing user base and developed training programs around the model. These activities are helping to grow the global market for solar technologies.
Lilienthal, P.
Transport Model with Quasipions
We extend the normal transport model to include the medium effect on pions by treating them as quasiparticles. The property of the quasipion is determined using the delta-hole model. Modelling heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies with the new transport equations, we find that it leads to an enhanced production of pions with low kinetic energies. This gives a plausible explanation for the observed enhancement of soft pions in the Bevalac experiments.
Xiong, L.; Ko, Che Ming; Koch, V.
Introduction to Graphical Modelling
The aim of this chapter is twofold. In the first part we will provide a brief overview of the mathematical and statistical foundations of graphical models, along with their fundamental properties, estimation and basic inference procedures. In particular we will develop Markov networks (also known as Markov random fields) and Bayesian networks, which comprise most past and current literature on graphical models. In the second part we will review some applications of graphical models in systems biology.
Scutari, Marco
Testing model assumptions in functional regression models
In the functional regression model where the responses are curves, new tests for the functional form of the regression and the variance function are proposed, which are based on a stochastic process estimating L^2-distances. Our approach avoids the explicit ... Keywords: 62G10, Functional data, Goodness-of-fit tests, Parametric bootstrap, Tests for heteroscedasticity
Axel B³cher; Holger Dette; Gabriele Wieczorek