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An evolving collaborative model of working in students' global software development projects
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
This paper describes the evolution of the collaborative model of working of our annual global software development project that started in 2005. The global software development project unites students from up to five countries with different roles to ... Keywords: agile methodologies, communication, global software development, scrum, software engineering
Christelle Scharff
An Evaluation of the Software System Dependency of a Global Atmospheric Model
This study presents the dependency of the simulation results from a global atmospheric numerical model on machines with different hardware and software systems. The global model program (GMP) of the Global/Regional Integrated Model system (GRIMs) ...
Song-You Hong; Myung-Seo Koo; Jihyeon Jang; Jung-Eun Esther Kim; Hoon Park; Min-Su Joh; Ji-Hoon Kang; Tae-Jin Oh
A neuro-computational intelligence analysis of the global consumer software piracy rates
Software piracy represents a major damage to the moral fabric associated with the respect of intellectual property. The rate of software piracy appears to be increasing globally, suggesting that additional research that uses new approaches is necessary ... Keywords: Bayesian regression, Ethical behavior, Evolutionary computation models, Global software piracy, Neural networks
Mohamed M. Mostafa
Defect detection effectiveness and product quality in global software development
Global software development (GSD) has become a common practice in the software development industry. The main challenge organizations have to overcome is to minimize the effect of organizational diversity on the effectiveness of their GSD collaboration. ... Keywords: defect density, defect detection effectiveness, global software development, software quality
Tihana Galinac Grbac; Darko Huljeni?
Software maintenance maturity model (smmm): the software maintenance process model
E-Print Network (OSTI)
This paper summarizes the research work leading to a Phd thesis that addresses the assessment and improvement of the software maintenance function by proposing a maturity model for daily software maintenance activities: Software Maintenance Maturity Model (SM mm) as well as its supporting knowledge based system SM Xpert. The software maintenance function suffers from a scarcity of management models to facilitate its evaluation, management, and continuous improvement. The SM mm addresses the unique activities of software maintenance while preserving a structure similar to that of the CMMi �1 maturity model. It is designed to be used as a complement to this model. The SM mm is based on practitioners � experience, international standards, and the seminal literature on software maintenance. This paper presents the model�s purpose, scope, foundation, and architecture, followed by a knowledgebased system to help software maintainers learn and use the maturity model. 1.
Alain April; Jean-marc Desharnais
Tools used in Global Software Engineering: A systematic mapping review
Context: This systematic mapping review is set in a Global Software Engineering (GSE) context, characterized by a highly distributed environment in which project team members work separately in different countries. This geographic separation creates ... Keywords: Distributed Software Engineering, Global Software Development, Systematic Mapping Study, Tool
Javier Portillo-Rodr�guez; Aurora Vizca�no; Mario Piattini; Sarah Beecham
A concerted effort towards flourishing global software development
In this paper we report on the efforts and progress made in China so far in the face of the coming era of global software development. China's young software industry clearly knows much works and preparations should be done in a concerted effort before ... Keywords: China, Shanghai, global software development
Dehua Ju
Building Technologies Office: Energy Modeling Software
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Software on Twitter Bookmark Building Technologies Office: Energy Modeling Software on Google Bookmark Building Technologies Office: Energy Modeling Software on Delicious Rank...
Global optimization: software, test problems and applications
Experimental analysis of algorithms. 489 .... order local information. .... potential energy. ... In commercial environments, the software provider's name and market.
Software Modeling and Verification
languages in the world have no written tradition For many others, limited literacy, or no electricity let, especially for phones Spelling and grammar checkers Online dictionaries and thesauri Translation software generated this way Upshot: lots of text needed for training... #12;An Crúbadán Web crawler that seeks out
Ábrahám, Erika
Model-Based Software Reuse
This report summarises the presentations and discussions of the First Workshop on Model-based Software Reuse, held in conjunction with the 16th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP) Malaga, Spain June 10, 2002. This workshop was ...
Andreas Speck; Elke Pulverm�ller; Ragnhild Van Der Straeten; Ralf Reussner; Matthias Clau�
Energy Analysis Models, Tools and Software Technologies ...
Energy Analysis Models, Tools and Software Technology Marketing Summaries Here you�ll find marketing summaries of energy analysis models, tools, and software ...
Software reliability assessment via fuzzy logic model
Recently in software engineering it became of great importance to be able to reason about non functional characteristics of software. This holds for a large variety of application areas like embedded and safety-critical software systems as well as service-oriented ... Keywords: fuzzy logic, fuzzy models, service oriented software systems, software reliability
Olga Georgieva; Aleksandar Dimov
Software Model Checking with SPIN
The aim of this chapter is to give an overview ofthe theoretical foundation and the practical application of logic model checking techniques for the verification of multi-threaded software (rather than hardware) systems. The treatment is focused on the logic model checker SPIN, which was designed for this specific domain of application. SPIN implements an automata-theoretic method of verification. Although the tool has been available for over 15years, it continues to ev olve, adopting new optimization strategies from time to time to help it tackle larger verification problems. This chapter explains how the tool works, and
Gerard J. Holzmann
Energy Analysis Models, Tools and Software Technologies Available for Licensing U.S. Department of Energy laboratories and participating research ...
Global ice sheet modeling
The University of Maine conducted this study for Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) as part of a global climate modeling task for site characterization of the potential nuclear waste respository site at Yucca Mountain, NV. The purpose of the study was to develop a global ice sheet dynamics model that will forecast the three-dimensional configuration of global ice sheets for specific climate change scenarios. The objective of the third (final) year of the work was to produce ice sheet data for glaciation scenarios covering the next 100,000 years. This was accomplished using both the map-plane and flowband solutions of our time-dependent, finite-element gridpoint model. The theory and equations used to develop the ice sheet models are presented. Three future scenarios were simulated by the model and results are discussed.
Hughes, T.J.; Fastook, J.L. [Univ. of Maine, Orono, ME (United States). Institute for Quaternary Studies
Explaining Embedded Software Modelling Decisions Jelena Marincic
Explaining Embedded Software Modelling Decisions Jelena Marincic Faculty of Electrical Engineering's devices, gadgets and machines become more intelligent, the complexity of embedded software con- trolling Mader Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente
Al Hanbali, Ahmad
An economic model of software quality costs
As of today there is very little knowledge is available about the economics of software quality. The costs incurred and benefits of implementing different quality practices over the software development life cycle are not well understood. There are some ... Keywords: TQM, quality cost model, software quality
Amel Kola�inac; Ljubomir Lazic; D�enan Avdic
Energy Analysis Models, Tools and Software Technologies Available for Licensing U.S. Department of Energy laboratories and participating research institutions have ...
Towards safe and productive development of secure software: FADES and model-based software engineering
Cost effective development of secure software is a key goal for many software organizations as they seek to manage the risks of misbehaving software. Employing Formal Methods (FMs) in the Model-Based Software Engineering (MBSE) paradigm that systematically ...
Riham Hassan; Shawn Bohner; Mohamed Eltoweissy
Energy Modeling Software | Department of Energy
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Commercial Buildings » Energy Modeling Software Commercial Buildings » Energy Modeling Software Energy Modeling Software Information from energy simulation software is critical in the design of energy-efficient commercial buildings. The tools listed on this page are the product of Commercial Buildings Integration Program (CBI) research and are used in modeling current CBI projects. Modeling helps architects and building designers quickly identify the most cost-effective and energy-saving measures. Graphic of the EnergyPlus software logo. EnergyPlus - An award-winning new-generation building energy simulation program from the creators of BLAST and DOE-2. EnergyPlus models heating, cooling, lighting, ventilating, water, and other energy flows in buildings. OpenStudio - A free plugin for the SketchUp 3D drawing program. The
Model checking of software for microcontrollers
The interest of industries in model checking software for microcontrollers is increasing. However, there are currently no appropriate tools that can be applied by embedded systems developers for the direct verification of software for microcontrollers ... Keywords: Assembly code, formal verification, microcontroller, model checking, static analysis
Bastian Schlich
Predicting software bugs using ARIMA model
The number of software products available in market is increasing rapidly. Many a time, multiple companies develop software products of similar functionalities. Thus the competition among those owning companies is becoming tougher every day. Moreover, ... Keywords: ARIMA models, evaluation approach, information theory, prediction models
Lisham L. Singh; Al Muhsen Abbas; Flaih Ahmad; Srinivasan Ramaswamy
Developing a knowledge-based perspective on coordination: The case of global software projects
We have attempted to bring together two areas which are challenging for both IS research and practice: forms of coordination and management of knowledge in the context of global, virtual software development projects. We developed a more comprehensive, ... Keywords: Coordination, Coordination mechanisms, Global software projects, Knowledge flows, Knowledge management, Software development
Julia Kotlarsky; Paul C. van Fenema; Leslie P. Willcocks
Instructional design and assessment strategies for teaching global software development: a framework
In the context of increasing pressure to adopt global approaches to software development, the importance of teaching skills for geographically distributed software development (GSD) becomes essential. This paper reports the experience of teaching a course ...
Daniela Damian; Allyson Hadwin; Ban Al-Ani
Modeling Software Modeling Software Information from energy simulation software is critical in the design of energy-efficient commercial buildings. The tools listed on this page are the product of Commercial Buildings Integration Program (CBI) research and are used in modeling current CBI projects. Modeling helps architects and building designers quickly identify the most cost-effective and energy-saving measures. Graphic of the EnergyPlus software logo. EnergyPlus - An award-winning new-generation building energy simulation program from the creators of BLAST and DOE-2. EnergyPlus models heating, cooling, lighting, ventilating, water, and other energy flows in buildings. OpenStudio - A free plugin for the SketchUp 3D drawing program. The plugin makes it easy to create and edit the building geometry in your EnergyPlus input files.
Software screen captures and equations Software screen captures and equations Software Software developed by EETD researchers for energy-efficient buildings, and electricity grid. Download free or for a nominal licensing fee. EETD scientists develop software to help design more energy-efficient buildings, audit energy use in buildings, examine the economics of sustainable projects, and model components of building systems. Most EETD software and documentation is available for download and public use. Building Controls Virtual Test Bed The Building Controls Virtual Test Bed (BCVTB) is a software environment that allows expert users to couple different simulation programs for co-simulation, and to couple simulation programs with actual hardware. Version Download Supported? Website 1.1.0 Yes BCVTB
Taba workstation: supporting software process improvement initiatives based on software standards and maturity models
International software standards and maturity models play an important role in Software Process Improvement initiatives defining best practices and providing knowledge to the definition of software processes. Nevertheless, the definition and deployment ...
Analia Irigoyen Ferreiro Ferreira; Gleison Santos; Roberta Cerqueira; Mariano Montoni; Ahilton Barreto; Ana Regina Rocha; S�vio Figueiredo; Andrea Barreto; Reinaldo C. Silva Filho; Peter Lupo; Cristina Cerdeiral
Energy Analysis Models, Tools and Software Technologies - Energy ...
Modeling the Global Trade and Environmental Impacts of Biofuel Policies |
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Modeling the Global Trade and Environmental Impacts of Biofuel Policies Modeling the Global Trade and Environmental Impacts of Biofuel Policies Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary Name: Modeling the Global Trade and Environmental Impacts of Biofuel Policies Agency/Company /Organization: International Food Policy Research Institute Sector: Energy Focus Area: Biomass Topics: Policies/deployment programs, Co-benefits assessment, - Macroeconomic, - Environmental and Biodiversity, Pathways analysis Resource Type: Software/modeling tools, Publications, Lessons learned/best practices Website: www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/ifpridp01018.pdf RelatedTo: Modeling International Relationships in Applied General Equilibrium (MIRAGE) Modeling the Global Trade and Environmental Impacts of Biofuel Policies Screenshot
Global software development: Exploring socialization and face-to-face meetings in distributed strategic projects
Socialization is one means through which globally distributed teams (GDTs) can improve collaboration. However, harnessing socializing processes to support globally distributed collaboration is not easy. In particular, infrequent and limited face-to-face ... Keywords: Face-to-face meetings, Globally distributed teams, Socialization, Strategic software development projects
Ilan Oshri; Julia Kotlarsky; Leslie P. Willcocks
Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Software...
and Simulation (NEAMS) Software Verification and Validation (V&V) Plan Requirements Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Software Verification and...
Simulink models are also software: modularity assessment
In automotive industry, more and more complex electronics and software systems are being developed to enable the innovation and to decrease costs. Besides the complex multimedia, comfort, and safety systems of conventional vehicles, automotive companies ... Keywords: automotive architectural quality, modularity, quality metrics, simulink model
Yanja Dajsuren; Mark G.J. van den Brand; Alexander Serebrenik; Serguei Roubtsov
Specialization and extrapolation of software cost models
Despite the widespread availability of software effort estimation models (e.g. COCOMO [2], Price-S [12], SEER-SEM [13], SLIM [14]), most managers still estimate new projects by extrapolating from old projects [3, 5, 7]. In this delta method, the ...
Tim Menzies; Dan Port; Zhihao Chen; Jairus Hihn
Global Circuit Model with Clouds
Cloud data from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) database have been introduced into the global circuit model developed by Tinsley and Zhou. Using the cloud-top pressure data and cloud type information, the authors ...
Limin Zhou; Brian A. Tinsley
Global and task effects in information-seeking among software engineers
Information-seeking strategies were explored in software engineers. A complex interaction of task and geographic differences was revealed. There is a general tendency across software engineers to favor non-social sources, such as documentation, for tasks ... Keywords: Collaboration, Culture, Global development, Information-seeking
Allen E. Milewski
Global Trade and Analysis Project (GTAP) Model | Open Energy Information
Global Trade and Analysis Project (GTAP) Model Global Trade and Analysis Project (GTAP) Model Jump to: navigation, search LEDSGP green logo.png FIND MORE DIA TOOLS This tool is part of the Development Impacts Assessment (DIA) Toolkit from the LEDS Global Partnership. Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) Model Agency/Company /Organization: Purdue University Sector: Climate, Energy Topics: Baseline projection, - Macroeconomic, Market analysis, Pathways analysis Resource Type: Software/modeling tools User Interface: Desktop Application Complexity/Ease of Use: Moderate Website: www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/models/current.asp Cost: Free References: GTAP[1] Related Tools IGES GHG Calculator For Solid Waste ICCT Roadmap Model Applied Dynamic Analysis of the Global Economy (ADAGE) Model
Argonne TTRDC - Modeling, Simulation & Software - Autonomie
Component-in-the-Loop Component-in-the-Loop To reduce development time and introduce technologies faster to the market, many companies have been turning more and more to Model Based Design. In Model Based Design, the development process centers around a system model, from requirements capture and design to implementation and test. Engineers can skip over a generation of system design processes on the basis of hand coding and use graphical models to design, analyze, and implement the software that determines machine performance and behavior. One of the steps of Model Based Design is Component-in-the-Loop. Engineers in Argonne National Laboratory's Center for Transportation Research have developed Component-in-the-Loop (CIL) systems and processes to evaluate the impact of vehicle energy management schemes, component control unit parameters, powertrain configurations on fuel and/or electrical consumption. Argonne has used the CIL for several components, including:
Integrated Global System Modeling Framework | Open Energy Information
Integrated Global System Modeling Framework Integrated Global System Modeling Framework Jump to: navigation, search LEDSGP green logo.png FIND MORE DIA TOOLS This tool is part of the Development Impacts Assessment (DIA) Toolkit from the LEDS Global Partnership. Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Integrated Global System Modeling Framework Agency/Company /Organization: MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change Sector: Climate, Energy Focus Area: Renewable Energy Phase: Determine Baseline, Evaluate Options Topics: - Macroeconomic Resource Type: Software/modeling tools User Interface: Desktop Application Complexity/Ease of Use: Not Available Website: globalchange.mit.edu/research/IGSM Cost: Free Related Tools Transport Co-benefits Calculator General Equilibrium Modeling Package (GEMPACK)
Modeling software artifact count attribute with s-curves
The estimation of software project attributes, such as size, is important for software project resource planning and process control. However, research regarding software attribute modeling, such as size, effort, and cost, are high-level and static in nature. This research defines a new operation-level software project attribute that describes the operational characteristic of a software project. The result is a measurement based on the s-curve parameter that can be used as a control variable for software project management. This result is derived from modeling the count of artifact instances created by the software engineering process, which are stored by software tools. Because of the orthogonal origin of this attribute in regard to traditional static estimators, this s-curve based software attribute can function as an additional indicator of software project activities and also as a quantitative metric for assessing development team capability.
Ma, Norman K.
Fuel economy is heavily dependent upon engine efficiency, ... EMGeo: Risk Minimizing Software for Finding Offshore Fossil Fuels by Fluid Identification
Construction of a Systemic Quality Model for Evaluating a Software Product
Quality is currently considered one of the main assets with which a firm can enhance its competitive global position. This is one reason why quality has become essential for ensuring that a company's products and processes meet customers' needs. A recent ... Keywords: Dromey's model, ISO 9126, metrics, quality model, software product quality, systemic quality
Maryoly Ortega; Mar�a P�rez; Teresita Rojas
Unifying design and runtime software adaptation using aspect models
Software systems are seen more and more as evolutive systems. At the design phase, software is constantly in adaptation by the building process itself, and at runtime, it can be adapted in response to changing conditions in the executing environment ... Keywords: Aspect oriented modeling, Software product lines
Carlos Parra; Xavier Blanc; Anthony Cleve; Laurence Duchien
A University Perspective on Global Climate Modeling
Global atmospheric models are proliferating, in part because of the widespread availability of powerful computers. There are about two dozen global modeling groups at work in the United States today. These groups are put into four categories, ...
David A. Randall
Cement Hydration and Degradation Modeling Software
... CONCLIFE is Windows-based, user-friendly software for estimating the service life of concrete pavements and bridge decks exposed to sulfate ...
Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Software
Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Software Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Software Verification and Validation (V&V) Plan Requirements Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Software Verification and Validation (V&V) Plan Requirements The purpose of the NEAMS Software V&V Plan is to define what the NEAMS program expects in terms of V&V for the computational models that are developed under NEAMS. NEAMS Software Verification and Validation Plan Requirements Version 0.pdf More Documents & Publications NEAMS Quarterly Report for January-March 2013 Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Program Plan CRAD, Assessment Criteria and Guidelines for Determining the Adequacy of Software Used in the Safety Analysis and Design of Defense Nuclear Facilities
A simulation model for strategic management process of software projects
In this study, a simulation model for the strategic management process of software development projects is presented. The proposed model simulates the implications of strategic decisions on factors such as cost, risk, budget and schedule of software ... Keywords: Cost estimation, Decision analysis systems, Risk analysis, Simulation modelling, Strategic management
Masood Uzzafer
Modeling global temperature changes with genetic programming
We use genetic programming (GP), a variant of evolutionary computation, to build interpretable models of global mean temperature as a function of natural and anthropogenic forcings. In contrast to the conventional approach, which engages models that ... Keywords: Data-driven modeling, Evolutionary computation, Genetic programming, Global temperature modeling, Unconstrained optimization
Karolina Stanislawska; Krzysztof Krawiec; Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz
Innovative approaches to integrated global change modelling
Integrated models are important tools to investigate the interactions between planetary processes and the growing impacts of human populations - in short: global change. Current models still have significant shortcomings, notably in their representation ... Keywords: Global change, Innovative approaches, Integrated assessment, Modelling, Research priorities
Carlo Giupponi, Mark E. Borsuk, Bert J. M. De Vries, Klaus Hasselmann
Modelling biological processes by using a probabilistic P system software
In this paper we present a probabilistic P system simulator that implements the evolution-communication model proposed in (Cavaliere, 2003) enriched with some probabilistic parameters inspired by the cell biology. After describing the software and ... Keywords: bacteria, membrane computing, photosynthesis, probability, respiration, software
Ioan I. Ardelean; Matteo Cavaliere
Evaluating a graphical notation for modelling software development methodologies
This work aims at evaluating a graphical notation for modelling software (and other kinds of) development methodologies, thus demonstrating how useful the graphical aspects can be for sharing knowledge between the people responsible for documenting information ... Keywords: Cognitive dimensions, Graphical notation, Method engineering, Software development methodologies
Kenia Sousa; Jean Vanderdonckt; Brian Henderson-Sellers; Cesar Gonzalez-Perez
NETL: Computer Software & Databases - Predictive Models
Predictive Models DOEBC-881SP. EOR Predictive Models: Handbook for Personal Computer Versions of Enhanced Oil Recovery Predictive Models. BPO Staff. February 1988. 76 pp. NTIS...
Argonne Software Licensing: Glass Furnace Model (GFM)
The Glass Furnace Model (GFM) The Glass Furnace Model (GFM) Version 4.0, a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) glass furnace simulation code was developed at Argonne ...
Argonne TTRDC - Modeling, Simulation & Software - PSAT
PSAT (Powertrain System Analysis Toolkit) PSAT (Powertrain System Analysis Toolkit) Since 1999, Argonne undertook a collaborative effort to further develop the Powertrain System Analysis Toolkit © (PSAT) under the direction of and with contributions from Ford, General Motors, and DaimlerChrysler. Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the software has become widely accepted by industry and has been licensed to more than 130 companies, universities, and research laboratories worldwide with more than 750 users. PSAT, one of the major tools of DOE has been used for numerous studies to assist DOE in identifying future research directions regarding plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) as well as Plug-in HEVs. In addition, PSAT received an R&D 100 Award in 2004, ranking it among the 100 best newly available products and technologies from around the world.
MOBILE6 Vehicle Emission Modeling Software | Open Energy Information
MOBILE6 Vehicle Emission Modeling Software MOBILE6 Vehicle Emission Modeling Software Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary Name: MOBILE6 Agency/Company /Organization: United States Environmental Protection Agency Sector: Energy Focus Area: Transportation Topics: GHG inventory Resource Type: Software/modeling tools User Interface: Desktop Application Website: www.epa.gov/oms/m6.htm Cost: Free References: http://www.epa.gov/oms/m6.htm MOBILE6 is an emission factor model for predicting gram per mile emissions of Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Particulate Matter (PM), and toxics from cars, trucks, and motorcycles under various conditions. MOBILE6 is an emission factor model for predicting gram per mile emissions of Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Carbon
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Energy Demand Modeling
Energy Demand Modeling Energy Demand Modeling The software is intended to be used for Energy Demand Modeling. This can be utilized from regional to national level. A Graphical User Interface of the software takes the input from the user in a quite logical and sequential manner. These input leads to output in two distinct form, first, it develops a Reference Energy System, which depicts the flow of energy from the source to sink with all the losses incorporated and second, it gives a MATLAB script file for advance post processing like graphs, visualization and optimizations to develop and evaluate the right energy mix policy frame work for a intended region. Keywords Reference Energy System, Software, GUI, Planning, Energy Demand Model EDM, Energy Policy Planning Validation/Testing
Model checking education for software engineers in Japan
This paper is the preliminary report of a joint research project on developing a body of knowledge on model checking. The project is being carried out by four organizations that give model checking courses to software engineers in Japan. The paper explains ... Keywords: body of knowledge, evaluation, training
Hideaki Nishihara; Koichi Shinozaki; Koji Hayamizu; Toshiaki Aoki; Kenji Taguchi; Fumihiro Kumeno
Software Requirements Specification Verifiable Fuel Cycle Simulation (VISION) Model
SciTech Connect
The purpose of this Software Requirements Specification (SRS) is to define the top-level requirements for a Verifiable Fuel Cycle Simulation Model (VISION) of the Advanced Fuel Cycle (AFC). This simulation model is intended to serve a broad systems analysis and study tool applicable to work conducted as part of the AFCI (including costs estimates) and Generation IV reactor development studies.
D. E. Shropshire; W. H. West
Modeling Global Lightning Distributions in a General Circulation Model
A general circulation model (GCM) is used to model global lightning distributions and frequencies. Both total and cloud-to-ground lightning frequencies are modeled using parameterizations that relate the depth of convective clouds to lightning ...
Colin Price; David Rind
Understanding Hydrometeorology Using Global Models
The land surface coupling, a crucial element of the climate system, is explored in the recent 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-40) model. In seasonal forecasts for the Northern Hemisphere summer, ...
Alan K. Betts
Argonne TTRDC - Modeling, Simulation & Software - Autonomie Research
Autonomie Research Expertise Autonomie Research Expertise Software Tool and Process Development For more than 10 years, Argonne's Vehicle Modeling Simulation and Control group has been focusing on developing software tools to facilitate the evaluation and development of advanced vehicle technologies with the development of PSAT and more recently Autonomie. Autonomie has been designed to be used as a single tool throughout the different phases of Model Based Design of the Vehicle Development Process (VDP). Model-Based Design is a math-based visual method for designing complex control systems and is being used successfully in many motion control, industrial, aerospace, and automotive applications. Autonomie's development has been focused on allowing users to customize the tool during each phase of the Model-Based Design, including component models, controls, and processes.
MPS Model-Based Software Acquisition Process Improvement in Brazil
This paper describes an initiative to improve software acquisition process in Brazil. This initiative was conducted in the context of the MPS.BR Program, a nationwide effort to develop and disseminate the MPS Model both in large organizations and Small ...
Kival Chaves Weber; Eratostenes Edson Ramalho de Araujo; Danilo Scalet; Edmeia Leonor Pereira de Andrade; Ana Regina Cavalcanti da Rocha; Mariano Angel Montoni
Software process simulation modeling: an extended systematic review
Software Process Simulation Modeling (SPSM) research has increased in the past two decades, especially since the first ProSim Workshop held in 1998. Our research aims to systematically assess how SPSM has evolved during the past 10 years in particular ...
He Zhang; Barbara Kitchenham; Dietmar Pfahl
Applied Dynamic Analysis of the Global Economy (ADAGE) Model | Open Energy
Applied Dynamic Analysis of the Global Economy (ADAGE) Model Applied Dynamic Analysis of the Global Economy (ADAGE) Model Jump to: navigation, search LEDSGP green logo.png FIND MORE DIA TOOLS This tool is part of the Development Impacts Assessment (DIA) Toolkit from the LEDS Global Partnership. Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Applied Dynamic Analysis of the Global Economy (ADAGE) Model Agency/Company /Organization: Research Triangle Institute Sector: Climate, Energy Topics: Co-benefits assessment, - Macroeconomic, Pathways analysis Resource Type: Software/modeling tools User Interface: Desktop Application Complexity/Ease of Use: Advanced Website: www.rti.org/page.cfm?objectid=DDC06637-7973-4B0F-AC46B3C69E09ADA9 RelatedTo: Electricity Markets Analysis (EMA) Model Cost: Paid Applied Dynamic Analysis of the Global Economy (ADAGE) Model Screenshot
... DIVERSE is a cross-platform, open source, API for developing virtual reality applications. ... Regen3.2 models helium flow and heat transfer in a ...
0 + 0 = 1 : the appliance model of selling software bundled with hardware
The business model of selling software bundled with hardware is called the appliance model. As hardware becomes less and less expensive and open source software is being offered for free, the traditional business model of ...
Hein, Bettina
Global Futures: A Multithreaded Execution Model for Global Arrays-based Applications
We present Global Futures (GF), an execution model extension to Global Arrays, which is based on a PGAS-compatible active message-based paradigm. We describe the design and implementation of Global Futures and illustrate its use in a computational chemistry ... Keywords: Global Arrays, multithreading, execution models
Daniel Chavarria-Miranda; Sriram Krishnamoorthy; Abhinav Vishnu
Forecast cloudy; The limits of global warming models
This paper reports on climate models used to study global warming. It discusses factors which must be included in climate models, shortcomings of existing climate models, and scenarios for global warming.
Stone, P.H.
Reference model for software process improvement: a Brazilian experience
Recent research efforts about quality in the software area demonstrate that a concentrated effort is necessary to improve software process. Mainly in Brazil, there is an urge to enhance software processes performance aiming to improve the quality of ...
Ana Regina Rocha; Mariano Montoni; Gleison Santos; S�mulo Mafra; S�vio Figueiredo; Adriano Albuquerque; Paula Mian
DOE G 430.1-1 Chp 22, Cost Model and Cost Estimating Software
Directives, Delegations, and Requirements
This chapter discusses a formalized methodology is basically a cost model, which forms the basis for estimating software.
and Renewable Energy EERE Home | Programs & Offices | Consumer Information Building Energy Software Tools Directory Search Search Help Building Energy Software Tools Directory...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Building Energy Modelling...
?-Method: a model-driven formal method for architecture-centric software engineering
Software systems have become increasingly complex and are often used in highly dynamic, distributed and mobile environments. Formal development of such software systems in order to guarantee their completeness and correctness is a large research challenge. ... Keywords: architecture analysis languages, architecture description languages, architecture transformation/refinement languages, architecture-centric software engineering, component-based software engineering, formal methods, model-driven development, software architectures
Flavio Oquendo
Development of an Integrated Global Energy Model
The primary objective of this research was to develop a forefront analysis tool for application to enhance understanding of long-term, global, nuclear-energy and nuclear-material futures. To this end, an existing economics-energy-environmental (E{sup 3}) model was adopted, modified, and elaborated to examine this problem in a multi-regional (13), long-term ({approximately}2,100) context. The E{sup 3} model so developed was applied to create a Los Alamos presence in this E{sup 3} area through ''niche analyses'' that provide input to the formulation of policies dealing with and shaping of nuclear-energy and nuclear-materials futures. Results from analyses using the E{sup 3} model have been presented at a variety of national and international conferences and workshops. Through use of the E{sup 3} model Los Alamos was afforded the opportunity to participate in a multi-national E{sup 3} study team that is examining a range of global, long-term nuclear issues under the auspices of the IAEA during the 1998-99 period . Finally, the E{sup 3} model developed under this LDRD project is being used as an important component in more recent Nuclear Material Management Systems (NMMS) project.
Krakowski, R.A.
An Analytical Model of Atmospheric Feedback and Global Temperature Change
An analytical model of the globally averaged surface temperature response to changes in radiative forcing induced by greenhouse gases is developed from a time-dependent version of the global energy budget. The model clarifies the role of feedback ...
John A. Dutton
Modelling and analysis of power consumption for component-based embedded software
With the increasing complexity of the real-time embedded software, the power consumption is becoming a real challenge in the system designs. In this paper, for modelling the component-based embedded software, the interface automata is extended by adding ... Keywords: component-based design, embedded software design, interface automata, model checking, power-aware computing, real-time system
Hu Jun; Li Xuandong; Zheng Guoliang; Wang Chenghua
TriBITS lifecycle model. Version 1.0, a lean/agile software lifecycle model for research-based computational science and engineering and applied mathematical software.
Software lifecycles are becoming an increasingly important issue for computational science and engineering (CSE) software. The process by which a piece of CSE software begins life as a set of research requirements and then matures into a trusted high-quality capability is both commonplace and extremely challenging. Although an implicit lifecycle is obviously being used in any effort, the challenges of this process - respecting the competing needs of research vs. production - cannot be overstated. Here we describe a proposal for a well-defined software lifecycle process based on modern Lean/Agile software engineering principles. What we propose is appropriate for many CSE software projects that are initially heavily focused on research but also are expected to eventually produce usable high-quality capabilities. The model is related to TriBITS, a build, integration and testing system, which serves as a strong foundation for this lifecycle model, and aspects of this lifecycle model are ingrained in the TriBITS system. Here, we advocate three to four phases or maturity levels that address the appropriate handling of many issues associated with the transition from research to production software. The goals of this lifecycle model are to better communicate maturity levels with customers and to help to identify and promote Software Engineering (SE) practices that will help to improve productivity and produce better software. An important collection of software in this domain is Trilinos, which is used as the motivation and the initial target for this lifecycle model. However, many other related and similar CSE (and non-CSE) software projects can also make good use of this lifecycle model, especially those that use the TriBITS system. Indeed this lifecycle process, if followed, will enable large-scale sustainable integration of many complex CSE software efforts across several institutions.
Willenbring, James M.; Bartlett, Roscoe Ainsworth (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN); Heroux, Michael Allen
Software enhancements to the IVSEM model of the CTBTO IMS.
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) developed the Integrated Verification System Evaluation Model (IVSEM) to estimate the performance of the International Monitoring System (IMS) operated by the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO). IVSEM was developed in several phases between 1995 and 2000. The model was developed in FORTRAN with an IDL-based user interface and was compiled for Windows and UNIX operating systems. Continuing interest in this analysis capability, coupled with numerous advances in desktop computer hardware and software since IVSEM was written, enabled significant improvements to IVSEM run-time performance and data analysis capabilities. These improvements were implemented externally without modifying the FORTRAN executables, which had been previously verified. This paper describes the parallelization approach developed to significantly reduce IVSEM run-times and the new test setup and analysis tools developed to facilitate better IVSEM operation.
Damico, Joseph P.
System dynamics model for simulation of the software inspection process
Repairing a defect in the late phases of software development can be a hundred times more expensive than finding and fixing it during the requirements and design phase. Software inspection is a technique that may be used to aid in the identification ... Keywords: defect detection, software inspection, system dynamics
Jailton Jr. De Sousa Coelho, Jos� Luis Braga, Bernardo Giori Ambr�sio
Enabling control software generation by using mechatronics modeling primitives
Mechatronic systems are characterized by the synergetic integration of mechanic, electronic, software and control design aspects. The development of control software requires data and information from all design domains in order to create the required ... Keywords: Control software, Knowledge-Based Engineering, Mechatronics
M. J. Foeken; A. A. Alvarez Cabrera; M. Voskuijl; M. J. L. van Tooren
A Global Cloud Resolving Model Goals
Cloud Resolving Model Cloud Resolving Model Goals Uniform global horizontal grid spacing of 4 km or better ("cloud permitting") 100 or more layers up to at least the stratopause Parameterizations of microphysics, turbulence (including small clouds), and radiation Execution speed of at least several simulated days per wall-clock day on immediately available systems Annual cycle simulation by end of 2011. Motivations Parameterizations are still problematic. There are no spectral gaps. The equations themselves change at high resolution. GCRMs will be used for NWP within 10 years. GCRMs will be used for climate time-slices shortly thereafter. It's going to take some time to learn how to do GCRMs well. Scaling Science Length, Spatial extent, #Atoms, Weak scaling Time scale
Increasing NOAA's computational capacity to improve global forecast modeling
1 Increasing NOAA's computational capacity to improve global forecast modeling A NOAA of the NWS's forecast products, even its regional forecast products, are constrained by the limitations of NOAA's global forecast model. Unfortunately, our global forecasts are less accurate than those from
Hamill, Tom
A Bootstrap Method for Software Reliability Assessment Based on a Discretized NHPP Model
We discuss a bootstrap method for software reliability assessment based on a discretized no homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) model. Ordinarily, model parameters of the discretized NHPP model are estimated by using the regression analysis based on the ... Keywords: Software reliability assessment, Discretized NHPP model, Regression analysis, Bootstrap method
Shinji Inoue; Shigeru Yamada
IS&JCH050205 Software Engineering. Chapter 7 Slide 0 of 59 System Models
Software Engineering. Chapter 7 Slide 10 of 59 Equipment procurement process Get cost estimates Accept + Blank order form Spec. + supplier + estimate Supplier list Equipment spec. ©IS&JCH050205 Software;©IS&JCH050205 Software Engineering. Chapter 7 Slide 6 of 59 Examples of system model Data processing
Huang, Jung-Chang
Modeling and Analysis of Load and Time Dependent Software Rejuvenation Policies
Due to repeated and potentially faulty usage of continuously running client-server type software systems by many clients, such software "ages" with time and eventually fails. Huang et. al. proposed a technique called "software rejuvenation" [3] in which the software is periodically stopped and then restarted in a "robust" state after proper maintenance. This "renewal " of software prevents, or at least postpones, the crash failure. In this paper, we present a quantitative analysis of two software rejuvenation policies. The first one considers only the ageing behaviour of the system by time, while the second one considers the actual load of the system as well. The behaviour of the system is represented through a Markov Regenerative Stochastic Petri Net (MRSPN) model. Numerical analysis of the system performance regarding the probability of successful service of clients is provided. Keywords: Continuously running client-server software systems, Software rejuvenation, Markov Regenerati...
S. Garg; A. Pfening; A. Puliafito; M. Telek; K. S. Trivedi
Mathematical models and software tools for the glucose-insulin regulatory system and diabetes: an overview
An overview of some of the mathematical models appearing in the literature for use in the glucose-insulin regulatory system in relation to diabetes is given, enhanced with a survey on available software. The models are in the form of ordinary differential, ... Keywords: Diabetes, Glucose-insulin, Mathematical models, Overview, Software tools
Athena Makroglou; Jiaxu Li; Yang Kuang
Integrated Model to Access the Global Environment | Open Energy Information
Integrated Model to Access the Global Environment Integrated Model to Access the Global Environment Jump to: navigation, search LEDSGP green logo.png FIND MORE DIA TOOLS This tool is part of the Development Impacts Assessment (DIA) Toolkit from the LEDS Global Partnership. Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Integrated Model to Access the Global Environment (IMAGE) Agency/Company /Organization: PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency Focus Area: Biomass Complexity/Ease of Use: Advanced Website: themasites.pbl.nl/en/themasites/image/index.html Cost: Paid Equivalent URI: cleanenergysolutions.org/content/integrated-model-access-global-enviro Related Tools ENV-Linkages-KEI Model World Induced Technical Change Hybrid (WITCH) Global Trade and Analysis Project (GTAP) Model ... further results IMAGE is an ecological-environmental framework that simulates the
A Collaboration and Commercialization Model for Exascale Software Research
We propose a coordinated strategy for exascale software development that includes the incorporation of successful research and development (R&D) into development and engineering (D&E) projects and harvesting the successful D&E projects into products ... Keywords: commercialization, development, exascale, research, software
Mark Seager; Brent Gorda
Global Climate Simulation with the University of Wisconsin Global Hybrid Isentropic Coordinate Model
The purpose of this study is to briefly describe the global atmospheric University of Wisconsin (UW) hybrid isentropic�eta coordinate (UW ?�?) model and document results from a 14-yr climate simulation. The model, developed through modification ...
Todd K. Schaack; Tom H. Zapotocny; Allen J. Lenzen; Donald R. Johnson
South America Global Horizontal SR Solar Model from INPE and...
for Space Research) and the ARCVIEW software were used to produce the dataset and SHAPE files. The assessment of reliability levels of the BRASIL-SR model were performed...
This work is devoted to the construction of a data-driven model for the study of the dynamic evolution of the global corona that can respond continuously to the changing of the photospheric magnetic field. The data-driven model consists of a surface flux transport (SFT) model and a global three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) coronal model. The SFT model is employed to produce the global time-varying and self-consistent synchronic snapshots of the photospheric magnetic field as the input to drive our 3D numerical global coronal AMR-CESE-MHD model on an overset grid of Yin-Yang overlapping structure. The SFT model and the 3D global coronal model are coupled through the boundary condition of the projected characteristic method. Numerical results of the coronal evolution from 1996 September 4 to October 29 provide a good comparison with multiply observed coronal images.
Feng Xueshang; Jiang Chaowei; Xiang Changqing [SIGMA Weather Group, State Key Laboratory for Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Zhao Xuepu [W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 (United States); Wu, S. T., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899 (United States)
Mapping the Micro-Foundations of Informational Development: Linking Software Processes, Products and Industries to Global Trends
software�s evolution and social impact. III. �Engineering�its uniqueness, its social impact through products and
Eischen, Kyle
Validation of Global Weather Forecast and Climate Models Over...
Validation of Global Weather Forecast and Climate Models Over the North Slope of Alaska Xie, Shaocheng Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Klein, Stephen Lawrence Livermore...
Posters Cloud Parameterizations in Global Climate Models: The...
3 Posters Cloud Parameterizations in Global Climate Models: The Role of Aerosols J. E. Penner and C. C. Chuang Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California...
National Utility Financial Statement model (NUFS). Volume III of III: software description. Final report
This volume contains a description of the software comprising the National Utility Financial Statement Model (NUFS). This is the third of three volumes describing NUFS provided by ICF Incorporated under contract DEAC-01-79EI-10579. The three volumes are entitled: model overview and description, user's guide, and software guide.
Not Available
Software realization problems of mathematical models of pollutants transport in rivers
A software package of realization of mathematical models of pollutants transport in rivers is offered. This package is designed as a up-to-date convenient, reliable tool for specialists of various areas of knowledge such as ecology, hydrology, building, ... Keywords: Difference scheme, Mathematical model, Software package, Solution accuracy, Time of solution
K. J. Kachiashvili; D. I. Melikdzhanian
Diffusion Follows Structure � A Network Model of the Software
By conducting simulations, we show that the structure of the personal networks significantly influences the diffusion processes in network effect markets like the software market. Varying connectivity (number of links to other participants), the heterogeneity ...
Falk v. Westarp; Oliver Wendt
NREL: TroughNet - Parabolic Trough Technology Models and Software Tools
Technology Models and Software Tools Technology Models and Software Tools Here you'll find information about models and software tools used to analyze parabolic trough power plant technology. They include: Annual Simulation Solar Advisor Model TRNSYS Other Analysis SolTRACE Receiver Model DView JEDI Annual Simulation Software Because solar power plants rely on an intermittent fuel supply-the sun-it is necessary to model the plant's performance on an hourly (or finer resolution) basis to understand and predict its annual performance. A number of performance and economics models are available for evaluating parabolic trough solar technologies. Industry also has developed a number of proprietary models for evaluating parabolic trough plants. Solar Advisor Model NREL, partnering with the U.S. Department of Energy's Solar Energy
Model driven software development: a practitioner takes stock and looks into future
We discuss our experience in use of models and model-driven techniques for developing large business applications. Benefits accrued and limitations observed are highlighted. We describe possible means of overcoming some of the limitations and experience ... Keywords: meta modeling, model driven engineering workbench, model driven enterprise, model transformation, modeling, separation of concerns, software product lines
Vinay Kulkarni
Efficient data IO for a Parallel Global Cloud Resolving Model
Execution of a Global Cloud Resolving Model (GCRM) at target resolutions of 2-4 km will generate, at a minimum, 10s of Gigabytes of data per variable per snapshot. Writing this data to disk, without creating a serious bottleneck in the execution of the ... Keywords: Data formatting, Geodesic grid, Global Cloud Resolving Model, Grid Specifications, High performance IO, Parallel IO libraries
Bruce Palmer; Annette Koontz; Karen Schuchardt; Ross Heikes; David Randall
A simplified software architecture for self-updating Building Information Models (BIM)
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an emerging software technology that is revolutionizing the architecture, engineering, and construction (A/E/C) industry. BIM technology employs "object-based 3D models-containing the ...
Fuller, Pierre (Pierre Henri)
A Description of the GFDL Global Spectral Model
A multi-level, global, spectral transform model of the atmosphere, based upon spherical harmonies, has been developed at GFDL. The basic model has nine sigma levels in the vertical and rhomboidal spectral truncation at wavenumber 30. However, ...
Charles T. Gordon; William F. Stern
The Fleet Numerical Oceanography Center Global Spectral Ocean Wave Model
The Spectral Ocean Wave Model (SOWM) has been an operational product at Fleet Numerical Oceanography Center since the mid 1970s; the Global Spectral Ocean Wave Model (GSOWM) was developed to replace it. An operational test of GSOWM, using buoy, ...
R. M. Clancy; J. E. Kaitala; L. F. Zambresky
A Global Version of the PSU�NCAR Mesoscale Model
A global version of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University�National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (PSU�NCAR MM5) is described. The new model employs two polar stereographic projection domains centered on each pole. ...
Jimy Dudhia; James F. Bresch
Integrated decision support model for global sourcing
Over the last decade, the U.S. aircraft industry has experienced increasing levels of international integration as companies seek to access global talent and resources, cut production costs, spread financial risk, and ...
Mroczkowski, Victor A. (Victor Adam)
Nonhydrostatic icosahedral atmospheric model (NICAM) for global cloud resolving simulations
A new type of ultra-high resolution atmospheric global circulation model is developed. The new model is designed to perform ''cloud resolving simulations'' by directly calculating deep convection and meso-scale circulations, which play key roles not ... Keywords: Aqua-planet experiments, Atmospheric general circulation models, Cloud clusters, Cloud resolving model, Icosahedral grids, Nonhydrostatic model
M. Satoh; T. Matsuno; H. Tomita; H. Miura; T. Nasuno; S. Iga
Educational aspects of sustainable development analysis: computational models and software
Sustainable development is one of the most important aspects of successful growing and prosperity of the world community. The United Nations established a special Decade for Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014) to encourage educational institutions ... Keywords: education, simulation, software, sustainable development
Anatoly Kurkovsky
Software System Design for Large Scale, Spatially-explicit Agroecosystem Modeling
Recently, site-based agroecosystem model has been applied at regional and state level to enable comprehensive analyses of environmental sustainability of food and biofuel production. Those large-scale, spatially-explicit simulations present computational challenges in software systems design. Herein, we describe our software system design for large-scale, spatially-explicit agroecosystem modeling and data analysis. First, we describe the software design principles in three major phases: data preparation, high performance simulation, and data management and analysis. Then, we use a case study at a regional intensive modeling area (RIMA) to demonstrate our system implementation and capability.
Wang, Dali [ORNL; Nichols, Dr Jeff A [ORNL; Kang, Shujiang [ORNL; Post, Wilfred M [ORNL; Liu, Sumang [ORNL
CSP 586: Software Modeling and Development with UML Jim Conallen. Building Web Applications with UML, Addison-Wesley
CSP 586: Software Modeling and Development with UML Texts Jim Conallen. Building Web Applications · UML for Web Design 3 hours Total 45 hours CSP 586: Software Modeling and Development with UML 1 of 1
Heller, Barbara
Hurricane Prediction with a High Resolution Global Model
A global spectral model is used to carry out a number of short to medium range prediction experiments with global datasets. The primary objective of these studies is to examine the formation and motion of the hurricanes/typhoons with a fairly ...
T. N. Krishnamurti; D. Oosterhof; Nancy Dignon
A Note on Static Software Reliability Models by GMDH: Comparison with a Multiple Regression Model
This paper provides a new approach to estimate the software reliability by the data sets obtained from the upper process of software development. The approach employs the group method of data handling (GMDH) which can be considered as an extension of ... Keywords: Software reliability, GMDH, Software project data, Software quality management, Regression analysis
Mitsuhiro Kimura; Ryohei Shimada
SM CMM Model to Evaluate and Improve the Quality of Software Maintenance Process: Overview of the model
technology transfer to the industry at large. The inadequate share of management attention that The software maintenance function suffers from a scarcity of management models that would facilitate its evaluation, management and continuous improvement. This paper presents a revised version of a maintenance-specific evaluation model: Software Maintenance Capability Maturity Model (SM CMM). This model adopts a similar structure and should be used as a complement to the CMMi � 1 (Capability
Alain April; Alain Abran; Reiner R. Dumke; Carnegie Mellon
Model-Based Control: Development of a software tool for responsive...
Model-Based Control: Development of a software tool for responsive building research, design and operation Speaker(s): Brian Coffey Date: June 28, 2006 - 12:00pm Location: 90-4133...
Global Trade and Environmental Model (GTEM) | Open Energy Information
Global Trade and Environmental Model (GTEM) Global Trade and Environmental Model (GTEM) Jump to: navigation, search LEDSGP green logo.png FIND MORE DIA TOOLS This tool is part of the Development Impacts Assessment (DIA) Toolkit from the LEDS Global Partnership. Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Global Trade and Environmental Model (GTEM) Agency/Company /Organization: Australia Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry (ABARES) Sector: Climate, Energy Topics: Analysis Tools Complexity/Ease of Use: Moderate Website: www.daff.gov.au/abares/publications_remote_content/publication_topics/ Related Tools Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP) Intertemporal Computable Equilibrium System (ICES) Ventana's Energy, Environment, Economy-Society (E3S) Model ... further results Captures the impact of policy changes on large numbers of economic
A Global Numerical Weather Prediction Model with Variable Resolution
A conformal transformation suggested by F. Schmidt is followed to implement a global spectral model with variable resolution. A conformal mapping is defined from a physical sphere (like the earth) to a transformed (computational) sphere. The ...
Vivek Hardiker
Multiple Equilibria in a Global Ocean General Circulation Model
A global ocean general circulation model is forced using various upper boundary conditions (BCs) on temperature and salinity. Solutions are obtained under restoring and mixed BCs (i.e., a restoring condition on the upper-level temperature but ...
S. B. Power; R. Kleeman
Hybrid ?�p Coordinate Choices for a Global Model
A methodology for choosing a hybrid ?�p (sigma�pressure) vertical coordinate of the Simmons�Str�fing form for a global model is presented. The method focuses on properties of the vertical derivative of the terrain-following coefficient, which ...
Stephen Eckermann
On Scalar and Vector Transform Methods for Global Spectral Models
We compare scalare and vector transform methods for global spectral models of the shallow-water equations. For the scalar transform methods, we demonstrate some economies in the number of Legendre transforms required. It is shown that the ...
Clive Temperton
Transit-Time Distributions in a Global Ocean Model
Results from a simulation of the ocean �transit-time distribution� (�TTD�) for global and regional ocean surface boundary conditions are presented based on a 5000-yr integration using the Parallel Ocean Program ocean general circulation model. ...
Synte Peacock; Mathew Maltrud
Approach to Equilibrium in Accelerated Global Oceanic Models
The approach to equilibrium of a coarse-resolution, seasonally forced, global oceanic general circulation model is investigated, considering the affects of a widely used acceleration technique that distorts the dynamics by using unequal time ...
Gokhan Danabasoglu; James C. McWilliams; William G. Large
Interpretation of Simulated Global Warming Using a Simple Model
A simple energy balance model with two parameters, an effective heat capacity and an effective climate sensitivity, is used to interpret six GCM simulations of greenhouse gas�induced global warming. By allowing the parameters to vary in time, the ...
I. G. Watterson
A Prognostic Cloud Water Parameterization for Global Climate Models
An efficient new prognostic cloud water parameterization designed for use in global climate models is described. The scheme allows for life cycle effects in stratiform clouds and permits cloud optical properties to be determined interactively. ...
Anthony D. Del Genio; Mao-Sung Yao; William Kovari; Kenneth K-W. Lo
Cloud Predictions Diagnosed from Global Weather Model Forecasts
The U.S. Air Force has a long history of investment in cloud analysis and prediction operations. Their need for accurate cloud cover information has resulted in routine production of global cloud analyses (from their RTNEPH analysis model) and ...
Donald C. Norquist
Global sensitivity analysis of stochastic computer models with joint metamodels
The global sensitivity analysis method used to quantify the influence of uncertain input variables on the variability in numerical model responses has already been applied to deterministic computer codes; deterministic means here that the same set of ... Keywords: Computer experiment, Gaussian process, Generalized additive model, Joint modeling, Sobol indices, Uncertainty
Amandine Marrel; Bertrand Iooss; S�bastien Veiga; Mathieu Ribatet
MIT Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) Version 2: Model Description and Baseline Evaluation
The MIT Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) is designed for analyzing the global environmental changes that may result from anthropogenic causes, quantifying the uncertainties associated with the projected changes, and ...
Sokolov, Andrei P.
Application of an Information Technology Model to Software Engineering Environments
, models like the Corporate In- formation Management (CIM) interface architec- ture (CIM, 1993) provide services of the PSE model and the seven layer CIM model, are somewhat static. End user services are, by definition, executable on an appropriate computer system. On the other hand, in the CIM model, it is assumed
Zelkowitz, Marvin V.
Non-markovian analysis for model driven engineering of real-time software
Quantitative evaluation of models with stochastic timings can decisively support schedulability analysis and performance engineering of real-time concurrent systems. These tasks require modeling formalisms and solution techniques that can encompass stochastic ... Keywords: model driven development, non-markovian stochastic analysis, real-time systems, software performance engineering
Laura Carnevali; Marco Paolieri; Alessandro Santoni; Enrico Vicario
Ian Sommerville 2000 Software Engineering, 6th edition. Chapter 7 Slide 1 System models
Slide 11 Equipment procurement process Get cost estimates Accept delivery of equipment Check delivered + estimate Supplier list Equipment spec. #12;©Ian Sommerville 2000 Software Engineering, 6th edition. Chapter as part of the RE process l To describe behavioural modelling, data modelling and object modelling l
Scharff, Christelle
Global and Convex Optimization in Modeling Environments ...
Aug 12, 2002 ... This model is a frequently used classical GO test ..... The results are automatically written to a summary and a detailed report file. ..... radiated acoustic power, delivered to the radiation resistance Rr, to input electric power.
A Discontinuous Galerkin Global Shallow Water Model
A discontinuous Galerkin shallow water model on the cubed sphere is developed, thereby extending the transport scheme developed by Nair et al. The continuous flux form nonlinear shallow water equations in curvilinear coordinates are employed. The ...
Ramachandran D. Nair; Stephen J. Thomas; Richard D. Loft
Resolving Convection in a Global Hypohydrostatic Model
Convection cannot be explicitly resolved in general circulation models given their typical grid size of 50 km or larger. However, by multiplying the vertical acceleration in the equation of motion by a constant larger than unity, the horizontal ...
S. T. Garner; D. M. W. Frierson; I. M. Held; O. Pauluis; G. K. Vallis
Response of Upper Clouds in Global Warming Experiments Obtained Using a Global Nonhydrostatic Model with Explicit Cloud Processes
Using a global nonhydrostatic model with explicit cloud processes, upper-cloud changes are investigated by comparing the present climate condition under the perpetual July setting and the global warming condition, in which the sea surface ...
Masaki Satoh; Shin-ichi Iga; Hirofumi Tomita; Yoko Tsushima; Akira T. Noda
Incorporating Urban Systems in Global Climate Models
Resolutions IPCC AR4 The Future? Preliminary Data #12;CLM Urban Canyon Model Building Building Solar Radiation properties Building Properties Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) Heat Capacity (MJ/m^3 K) Albedo Density (kg/m^3T ,1shdwlT min , maxi buildT T T
Peterson, Blake R.
Advanced Software for Nonlinear Systems Modeling and Optimization
Dec 16, 2004... [-3,3]2; observe also the location of the optimal solution (green dot). ... potential energy models in computational chemistry (Pint�r, 2000,�...
In recent years, the rapid expansion of wind power has resulted in a need to more accurately model the effects of wind penetration on the electricity infrastructure. GridLAB-D is a new simulation environment developed for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by the Pacifi c Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), in cooperation with academic and industrial partners. GridLAB-D was originally written and designed to help integrate end-use smart grid technologies, and it is currently being expanded to include a number of other technologies, including distributed energy resources (DER). The specifi c goal of this project is to create a preliminary wind turbine generator (WTG) model for integration into GridLAB-D. As wind power penetration increases, models are needed to accurately study the effects of increased penetration; this project is a beginning step at examining these effects within the GridLAB-D environment. Aerodynamic, mechanical and electrical power models were designed to simulate the process by which mechanical power is extracted by a wind turbine and converted into electrical energy. The process was modeled using historic atmospheric data, collected over a period of 30 years as the primary energy input. This input was then combined with preliminary models for synchronous and induction generators. Additionally, basic control methods were implemented, using either constant power factor or constant power modes. The model was then compiled into the GridLAB-D simulation environment, and the power outputs were compared against manufacturers� data and then a variation of the IEEE 4 node test feeder was used to examine the model�s behavior. Results showed the designs were suffi cient for a prototype model and provided output power similar to the available manufacturers� data. The prototype model is designed as a template for the creation of new modules, with turbine-specifi c parameters to be added by the user.
Fuller, J.C.; Schneider, K.P.
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Heat Pump Design Model
Heat Pump Design Model Heat Pump Design Model Heat Pump Design Model logo. Research tool for use in the steady-state simulation and design analysis of air-to-air heat pumps and air conditioners. The program can be used with most of the newer HFC refrigerants as well as with HCFCs and CFCs. The standard vapor-compression cycle is modeled with empirical representations for compressor performance and first-principle region-by-region modeling of the heat exchangers. An online Web version is available that can be used with default configurations or with user-specified component and operating parameters for analyzing the performance of single-speed, air-to-air equipment. User configurations can be saved for later use. Parametric analyses can be made and performance trends plotted online.
Reactive transport in aquatic ecosystems: Rapid model prototyping in the open source software R
The concentrations of many natural compounds are altered by chemical and biological transformations, and physical processes such as adsorption and transport. Their fate can be predicted using reactive transport models that describe reaction and advective ... Keywords: Model, Open source, R, Reactive transport, Software
Karline Soetaert; Filip Meysman
Global scale hydrology - Advances in land surface modeling
Research into global scale hydrology is an expanding area that includes researchers from the meteorology, climatology, ecology and hydrology communities. This paper reviews research in this area carried out in the United States during the last IUGG quadrennial period of 1987-1990. The review covers the representation of land-surface hydrologic processes for general circulation models (GCMs), sensitivity analysis of these representations on global hydrologic fields like precipitation, regional studies of climate that have global hydrologic implications, recent field studies and experiments whose aims are the improved understanding of land surface-atmospheric interactions, and the use of remotely sensed data for the further understanding of the spatial variability of surface hydrologic processes that are important at regional and global climate scales. 76 refs.
Wood, E.F. (USAF, Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, MA (United States))
Environmental Modelling & Software 14 (1999) 473491 Patuxent landscape model: integrated ecological economic
: UNIX workstation or Linux PC Software required: TCL/Tk, OpenGL or Mesa, HDF Program language: C , TCL/Tk: 1997 Hardware required: UNIX workstation or Linux PC Software required: C compiler; optional extensions--TCL/Tk
Voinov, Alexey Arkady
Model-driven development of multi-core embedded software
Model-driven development is worthy of further research because of its proven capabilities in increasing productivity and ensuring correctness. However, it has not yet been explored for multi-core processor-based embedded systems, whose programming is ...
Pao-Ann Hsiung; Shang-Wei Lin; Yean-Ru Chen; Nien-Lin Hsueh; Chih-Hung Chang; Chih-Hsiong Shih; Chorng-Shiuh Koong; Chao-Sheng Lin; Chun-Hsien Lu; Sheng-Ya Tong; Wan-Ting Su; William C. Chu
Global Nutrient Export from WaterSheds 2 (NEWS 2): Model development and implementation
Global NEWS is a global, spatially explicit, multi-element and multi-form model of nutrient exports by rivers. Here we present NEWS 2, the new version of Global NEWS developed as part of a Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenario implementation from ... Keywords: Basin models, Coastal inputs, Global NEWS, Global river exports, Millennium ecosystem assessment scenarios, Nutrients
Emilio Mayorga; Sybil P. Seitzinger; John A. Harrison; Egon Dumont; Arthur H. W. Beusen; A. F. Bouwman; Balazs M. Fekete; Carolien Kroeze; Gerard Van Drecht
Checking JML specifications using an extensible software model checking framework
Abstract. The use of assertions to express correctness properties of programs is growing in practice. Assertions provide a form of lightweight checkable specification that can be very effective in finding defects in programs and in guiding developers to the cause of a problem. A wide variety of assertion languages and associated validation techniques have been developed, but run-time monitoring is commonly thought to be the only practical solution. In this paper, we describe how specifications written in the Java Modeling Language (JML), a general purpose behavioral specification and assertional language for Java, can be validated using a customized model checker built on top of the Bogor model checking framework. Our experience illustrates the need for customized state-space representations and reduction strategies in model checking frameworks in order to effectively check the kind of strong behavioral specifications that can be written in JML. We discuss the advantages and trade-offs of model checking relative to other specification validation techniques and present data that suggest that
Edwin Rodr�guez; Matthew B. Dwyer
Regional forecasting with global atmospheric models; Third year report
This report was prepared by the Applied Research Corporation (ARC), College Station, Texas, under subcontract to Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) as part of a global climate studies task. The task supports site characterization work required for the selection of a potential high-level nuclear waste repository and is part of the Performance Assessment Scientific Support (PASS) Program at PNL. The work is under the overall direction of the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM), US Department of Energy Headquarters, Washington, DC. The scope of the report is to present the results of the third year`s work on the atmospheric modeling part of the global climate studies task. The development testing of computer models and initial results are discussed. The appendices contain several studies that provide supporting information and guidance to the modeling work and further details on computer model development. Complete documentation of the models, including user information, will be prepared under separate reports and manuals.
Crowley, T.J.; North, G.R.; Smith, N.R. [Applied Research Corp., College Station, TX (United States)
A Global Nonhydrostatic Semi-Lagrangian Atmospheric Model with Orography
A global nonhydrostatic semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian (SISL) atmospheric model with orography has been developed. The height-based terrain-following ?z coordinate of Gal-Chen and Somerville is used to incorporate the orography. A 3D vector form ...
Jian-Hua Qian; Fredrick H. M. Semazzi; Jeffrey S. Scroggs
A Global Nonhydrostatic Semi-Lagrangian Atmospheric Model without Orography
A semi-Lagrangian semi-implicit finite-difference nonhydrostatic global atmospheric model on a flat terrain has been developed. Starting from the initialized ECMWF analysis of 0000 UTC 15 January 1979, a series of 5-day test runs have been ...
Frederick H. M. Semazzi; Jian-Hua Qian; Jeffrey S. Scroggs
An Adaptive Multimoment Global Model on a Cubed Sphere
An adaptive global shallow-water model is proposed on cubed-sphere grid using the multimoment finite volume scheme and the Berger�Oliger adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) algorithm that was originally designed for a Cartesian grid. On each patch of ...
Chungang Chen; Feng Xiao; Xingliang Li
Climate Drift in a Global Ocean General Circulation Model
A global version of the GFDL modular ocean model is forced using conventional restoring boundary conditions (BCs), mixed BCs (i.e., restoring the upper-level temperature but specifying a fixed salt flux), and stochastic fluxes of both heat and ...
Scott B. Power
Modelling the global distribution of fungal species: new insights into microbial cosmopolitanism
Modelling the global distribution of fungal species: new insights into microbial cosmopolitanism cosmopolitan distributions. However, for estimating the global distributions of microorganisms, discriminating
Bruns, Tom
Brazil Global Horizontal Solar Radiation Model (40km) from INPE | OpenEI
40km) from INPE 40km) from INPE Dataset Summary Description (Abstract): Global horizontal solar radiation in kWh/m2/day for 1 year organized into cells with 40km x 40km (Purpose): To provide a set of consistent, reliable, verifiable, and accessible global data sets for international and in-country investors and other stakeholders (Supplemental Information): The BRASIL-SR model and the SPRING software (both developed by INPE - National Institute for Space Research) were used to produce the dataset and SHAPE files. The assessment of reliability levels of the BRASIL-SR model were performed through the evaluation of the deviations shown by the estimated values for solar radiation flux vis-à-vis the values measured at the surface (ground truth). This evaluation was done in two phases. The first phase consisted in an inter-comparison between the core radiation transfer models adopted by the SWERA Project to map the solar energy in the various countries participating in the project. The HELIOSAT model took art in this phase like benchmark due to its employment to map solar energy resources in countries from European Union. In the second phase, the solar flux estimates provided by the BRASIL-SR model were compared with measured values acquired at several solarimetric stations spread along the Brazilian territory.
International Environmental Modelling and Software Society (iEMSs) 2010 International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
to install micro-hydro schemes; enthusiasts of natural history aspire to restore the river to a more natural displays the predicted states for indicator nodes in the Netica model and outputs one result of the micro-hydro of river by the weir for canoeists, and the number of people the electricity generated by a micro-hydro
Romano, Daniela
Model-Based Control: Development of a software tool for responsive building
Model-Based Control: Development of a software tool for responsive building Model-Based Control: Development of a software tool for responsive building research, design and operation Speaker(s): Brian Coffey Date: June 28, 2006 - 12:00pm Location: 90-4133 Seminar Host/Point of Contact: Peng Xu Model-based control approaches the problem of optimal supervisory control for complex building systems by using discrete timesteps and searching for an optimal control configuration at each timestep, using a detailed building model and an optimization algorithm. Although the approach itself is not new (it was proposed at least as early as 1988), it is only during the past five to ten years that readily-available computation power has allowed researchers to consider this approach with complex system models. Recent research has developed and tested this approach for active solar
South America Global Horizontal SR Solar Model from INPE and LABSOLAR |
727 727 Varnish cache server Browse Upload data GDR 429 Throttled (bot load) Error 429 Throttled (bot load) Throttled (bot load) Guru Meditation: XID: 2142256727 Varnish cache server South America Global Horizontal SR Solar Model from INPE and LABSOLAR Dataset Summary Description (Abstract): Mean values of Global Horizontal Solar Radiation in kWh/m2/day for 40km cells for 1 year (month, season, year) based on data from 1995 to 2005 (Purpose): To provide a set of consistent, reliable, verifiable, and accessible global data sets for international and in-country investors and other stakeholders. (Supplemental Information): The BRASIL-SR model (developed by INPE - National Institute for Space Research) and the ARCVIEW software were used to produce the dataset and SHAPE files. The assessment of reliability levels of the BRASIL-SR model were performed through the evaluation of the deviations shown by the estimated values for solar radiation flux vis-à-vis the values measured at the surface (ground truth). This evaluation was done in two phases. The first phase consisted in an inter-comparison between the core radiation transfer models adopted by the SWERA Project to map the solar energy in the various countries participating in the project. The HELIOSAT model took part in this phase like benchmark due to its employment to map solar energy resources in countries from European Union. In the second phase, the solar flux estimates provided by the BRASIL-SR model were compared with measured values acquired at several solarimetric stations spread along the Brazilian territory. The BRASIL-SR model is not validated for areas covered by snow.
Efficient Three-Dimensional Global Models for Climate Studies: Models I and II
A global atmospheric model is developed with a computational efficiency which allows long-range climate experiments. The model solves the simultaneous equations for conservation of mass, energy and momentum, and the equation of state on a grid. ...
J. Hansen; G. Russell; D. Rind; P. Stone; A. Lacis; S. Lebedeff; R. Ruedy; L. Travis
Regional Climate Models Add Value to Global Model Data: A Review and Selected Examples
An important challenge in current climate modeling is to realistically describe small-scale weather statistics, such as topographic precipitation and coastal wind patterns, or regional phenomena like polar lows. Global climate models simulate atmospheric ...
Frauke Feser; Burkhardt Rockel; Hans von Storch; J�rg Winterfeldt; Matthias Zahn
Model-based development and verification of control software for electric vehicles
Most innovations in the automotive domain are realized by electronics and software. Modern cars have up to 100 Electronic Control Units (ECUs) that implement a variety of control applications in a distributed fashion. The tasks are mapped onto different ... Keywords: control systems, control/architecture co-design, electric vehicles, model-based design
Dip Goswami, Martin Lukasiewycz, Matthias Kauer, Sebastian Steinhorst, Alejandro Masrur, Samarjit Chakraborty, S. Ramesh
Software openness: evaluating parameters of parametric modeling tools to support creativity and multidisciplinary design integration
The ubiquitous computing era has pushed the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry towards new frontiers of digitally enabled practice. Are these the frontiers originally identified by the pioneers in the field? Architectural design ... Keywords: CAD, CAE, parametric design, parametric modeling, software openness
Flora Dilys Salim; Jane Burry
An Evaluation of Tropical Cyclone Genesis Forecasts from Global Numerical Models
Tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts rely heavily on output from global numerical models. While considerable research has investigated the skill of various models with respect to track and intensity, few studies have considered how well global models ...
Daniel J. Halperin; Henry E. Fuelberg; Robert E. Hart; Joshua H. Cossuth; Philip Sura; Richard J. Pasch
An evaluation of tropical cyclone genesis forecasts from global numerical models
Tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts rely heavily on output from global numerical models. While some research has investigated the skill of various models with respect to track and intensity, few studies have considered how well global models forecast ...
Collaboration patterns in distributed software development projects
The need for educating future software engineers in the field of global software engineering is recognized by many educational institutions. In this paper we outline the characteristics of an existing global software development course run over a period ...
Igor ?avrak; Marin Orli?; Ivica Crnkovi?
NIST Software
NIST Software. Energy and Environment Division. Software: CONTAM. ... Concrete Electrical Conductivity Test. Concrete Optimization Software Tool. ...
Argonne Software Shop
Argonne Software Shop. Argonne's researchers have created a wealth of powerful software and models with broad-ranging applications. In addition to ...
Success with the project-intensive model for an undergraduate software engineering course
There is a tremendously increasing need for software in all areas of society (the software crisis) and hence a need for increased numbers of software engineers as well as increased productivity of the current software engineers [1]. Improving the productivity ...
Linda M. Northrop
Open source software maturity model based on linear regression and Bayesian analysis
Open Source Software (OSS) is widely used and is becoming a significant and irreplaceable part of the software engineering community. Today a huge number of OSS exist. This becomes a problem if one needs to choose from such a large pool of OSS candidates in the same category. An OSS maturity model that facilitates the software assessment and helps users to make a decision is needed. A few maturity models have been proposed in the past. However, the parameters in the model are assigned not based on experimental data but on human experiences, feelings and judgments. These models are subjective and can provide only limited guidance for the users at the best. This dissertation has proposed a quantitative and objective model which is built from the statistical perspective. In this model, seven metrics are chosen as criteria for OSS evaluation. A linear multiple-regression model is created to assign a final score based on these seven metrics. This final score provides a convenient and objective way for the users to make a decision. The coefficients in the linear multiple-regression model are calculated from 43 OSS. From the statistical perspective, these coefficients are considered random variables. The joint distribution of the coefficients is discussed based on Bayesian statistics. More importantly, an updating rule is established through Bayesian analysis to improve the joint distribution, and thus the objectivity of the coefficients in the linear multiple-regression model, according to new incoming data. The updating rule provides the model the ability to learn and improve itself continually.
Zhang, Dongmin
An expandable software model for collaborative decision making during the whole building life cycle
Decisions throughout the life cycle of a building, from design through construction and commissioning to operation and demolition, require the involvement of multiple interested parties (e.g., architects, engineers, owners, occupants and facility managers). The performance of alternative designs and courses of action must be assessed with respect to multiple performance criteria, such as comfort, aesthetics, energy, cost and environmental impact. Several stand-alone computer tools are currently available that address specific performance issues during various stages of a building's life cycle. Some of these tools support collaboration by providing means for synchronous and asynchronous communications, performance simulations, and monitoring of a variety of performance parameters involved in decisions about a building during building operation. However, these tools are not linked in any way, so significant work is required to maintain and distribute information to all parties. In this paper we describe a software model that provides the data management and process control required for collaborative decision making throughout a building's life cycle. The requirements for the model are delineated addressing data and process needs for decision making at different stages of a building's life cycle. The software model meets these requirements and allows addition of any number of processes and support databases over time. What makes the model infinitely expandable is that it is a very generic conceptualization (or abstraction) of processes as relations among data. The software model supports multiple concurrent users, and facilitates discussion and debate leading to decision making. The software allows users to define rules and functions for automating tasks and alerting all participants to issues that need attention. It supports management of simulated as well as real data and continuously generates information useful for improving performance prediction and understanding of the effects of proposed technologies and strategies.
Papamichael, K.; Pal, V.; Bourassa, N.; Loffeld, J.; Capeluto, G.
Financial constraints in capacity planning: a national utility regulatory model (NUREG). Volume III of III: software description. Final report
This volume is the software description for the National Utility Regulatory Model (NUREG). This is the third of three volumes provided by ICF under contract number DEAC-01-79EI-10579. These three volumes are: a manual describing the NUREG methodology; a users guide; and a description of the software. This manual describes the software which has been developed for NUREG. This includes a listing of the source modules. All computer code has been written in FORTRAN.
Global horizontal irradiance clear sky models : implementation and analysis.
Clear sky models estimate the terrestrial solar radiation under a cloudless sky as a function of the solar elevation angle, site altitude, aerosol concentration, water vapor, and various atmospheric conditions. This report provides an overview of a number of global horizontal irradiance (GHI) clear sky models from very simple to complex. Validation of clear-sky models requires comparison of model results to measured irradiance during clear-sky periods. To facilitate validation, we present a new algorithm for automatically identifying clear-sky periods in a time series of GHI measurements. We evaluate the performance of selected clear-sky models using measured data from 30 different sites, totaling about 300 site-years of data. We analyze the variation of these errors across time and location. In terms of error averaged over all locations and times, we found that complex models that correctly account for all the atmospheric parameters are slightly more accurate than other models, but, primarily at low elevations, comparable accuracy can be obtained from some simpler models. However, simpler models often exhibit errors that vary with time of day and season, whereas the errors for complex models vary less over time.
Stein, Joshua S.; Hansen, Clifford W.; Reno, Matthew J.
Regional Climates in the GISS Global Circulation Model: Synoptic-Scale Circulation
Model simulations of global climate change are seen as an essential component of any program at understanding human impact on the global environment. A major weakness of current general circulation models (GCMs), however, is their perceived ...
B. Hewitson; R. G. Crane
The Global Monsoon Variability Simulated by CMIP3 Coupled Climate Models
The global monsoon climate variability during the second half of the twentieth century simulated by 21 coupled global climate models (CGCMs) that participated in the World Climate Research Programme�s Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 ...
Hyung-Jin Kim; Bin Wang; Qinghua Ding
Modeling Global Sea Ice with a Thickness and Enthalpy Distribution Model in Generalized Curvilinear Coordinates
A parallel ocean and ice model (POIM) in generalized orthogonal curvilinear coordinates has been developed for global climate studies. The POIM couples the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) with a 12-category thickness and enthalpy distribution (TED) ...
Jinlun Zhang; D. A. Rothrock
Global dust model intercomparison in AeroCom phase I
Abstract. This study presents the results of a broad intercomparison of a total of 15 global aerosol models within the AeroCom project. Each model is compared to observations related to desert dust aerosols, their direct radiative effect, and their impact on the biogeochemical cycle, i.e., aerosol optical depth (AOD) and dust deposition. Additional comparisons to Angstr�om exponent (AE), coarse mode AOD and dust surface concentrations are included to extend the assessment of model performance and to identify common biases present in models. These data comprise a benchmark dataset that is proposed for model inspection and future dust model development. There are large differences among the global models that simulate the dust cycle and its impact on climate. In general, models simulate the climatology of vertically integrated parameters (AOD and AE) within a factor of two whereas the total deposition and surface concentration are reproduced within a factor of 10. In addition, smaller mean normalized bias and root mean square errors are obtained for the climatology of AOD and AE than for total deposition and surface concentration. Characteristics of the datasets used and their uncertainties may influence these differences. Large uncertainties still exist with respect to the deposition fluxes in the southern oceans. Further measurements and model studies are necessary to assess the general model performance to reproduce dust deposition in ocean regions sensible to iron contributions. Models overestimate the wet deposition in regions dominated by dry deposition. They generally simulate more realistic surface concentration at stations downwind of the main sources than at remote ones. Most models simulate the gradient in AOD and AE between the different dusty regions. However the seasonality and magnitude of both variables is better simulated at African stations than Middle East ones. The models simulate the offshore transport of West Africa throughout the year but they overestimate the AOD and they transport too fine particles. The models also reproduce the dust transport across the Atlantic in the summer in terms of both AOD and AE but not so well in winter-spring nor the southward displacement of the dust cloud that is responsible of the dust transport into South America. Based on the dependency of AOD on aerosol burden and size distribution we use model bias with respect to AOD and AE to infer the bias of the dust emissions in Africa and the Middle East. According to this analysis we suggest that a range of possible emissions for North Africa is 400 to 2200 Tg yr?1 and in the Middle East 26 to 526 Tg yr?1.
Huneeus, N.; Schulz, M.; Balkanski, Y.; Griesfeller, J.; Prospero, J.; Kinne, Stefan; Bauer, S.; Boucher, O.; Chin, M.; Dentener, F.; Diehl, T.; Easter, Richard C.; Fillmore, D.; Ghan, Steven J.; Ginnoux, P.; Grini, A.; Horowitz, L.; Koch, D.; Krol, M.; Landing, W.; Liu, Xiaohong; Mahowald, N.; Miller, R.; Morcrette, J. -J.; Myhre, G.; Penner, J.; Perlwitz, J.; Stier, P.; Takemura, T.; Zender, C. S.
Glass viscosity calculation based on a global statistical modelling approach
A global statistical glass viscosity model was developed for predicting the complete viscosity curve, based on more than 2200 composition-property data of silicate glasses from the scientific literature, including soda-lime-silica container and float glasses, TV panel glasses, borosilicate fiber wool and E type glasses, low expansion borosilicate glasses, glasses for nuclear waste vitrification, lead crystal glasses, binary alkali silicates, and various further compositions from over half a century. It is shown that within a measurement series from a specific laboratory the reported viscosity values are often over-estimated at higher temperatures due to alkali and boron oxide evaporation during the measurement and glass preparation, including data by Lakatos et al. (1972) and the recently published High temperature glass melt property database for process modeling by Seward et al. (2005). Similarly, in the glass transition range many experimental data of borosilicate glasses are reported too high due to phase separation effects. The developed global model corrects those errors. The model standard error was 9-17�C, with R^2 = 0.985-0.989. The prediction 95% confidence interval for glass in mass production largely depends on the glass composition of interest, the composition uncertainty, and the viscosity level. New insights in the mixed-alkali effect are provided.
Fluegel, Alex
An integrated approach to modelling land-use change on continental and global scales
Land-use and land-cover change are important drivers of global environmental change, affecting the state of biodiversity, the global carbon cycle, and other aspects of the earth system. In this article we describe the development of the land-use model ... Keywords: Continental and global scale land-use change modelling, Human-environment interaction, Land-use systems, Model framework
R�diger Schaldach; Joseph Alcamo; Jennifer Koch; Christina K�lking; David M. Lapola; Jan Sch�ngel; J�rg A. Priess
Short communication: A software component for estimating solar radiation
GSRad (global solar radiation) is a software component containing models to estimate extra-terrestrial and ground-level solar radiation (global and photosynthetically active; direct, diffuse, and reflected components) from alternative methods. Radiation ... Keywords: Atmospheric transmissivity, Component architecture, GSRad, Model extensibility, Solar radiation fractions
M. Donatelli; L. Carlini; G. Bellocchi
Evaluation of Black Carbon Estimations in Global Aerosol Models
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
We evaluate black carbon (BC) model predictions from the AeroCom model intercomparison project by considering the diversity among year 2000 model simulations and comparing model predictions with available measurements. These model-measurement intercomparisons include BC surface and aircraft concentrations, aerosol absorption optical depth (AAOD) from AERONET and OMI retrievals and BC column estimations based on AERONET. In regions other than Asia, most models are biased high compared to surface concentration measurements. However compared with (column) AAOD or BC burden retreivals, the models are generally biased low. The average ratio of model to retrieved AAOD is less than 0.7 in South American and 0.6 in African biomass burning regions; both of these regions lack surface concentration measurements. In Asia the average model to observed ratio is 0.6 for AAOD and 0.5 for BC surface concentrations. Compared with aircraft measurements over the Americas at latitudes between 0 and 50N, the average model is a factor of 10 larger than observed, and most models exceed the measured BC standard deviation in the mid to upper troposphere. At higher latitudes the average model to aircraft BC is 0.6 and underestimate the observed BC loading in the lower and middle troposphere associated with springtime Arctic haze. Low model bias for AAOD but overestimation of surface and upper atmospheric BC concentrations at lower latitudes suggests that most models are underestimating BC absorption and should improve estimates for refractive index, particle size, and optical effects of BC coating. Retrieval uncertainties and/or differences with model diagnostic treatment may also contribute to the model-measurement disparity. Largest AeroCom model diversity occurred in northern Eurasia and the remote Arctic, regions influenced by anthropogenic sources. Changing emissions, aging, removal, or optical properties within a single model generated a smaller change in model predictions than the range represented by the full set of AeroCom models. Upper tropospheric concentrations of BC mass from the aircraft measurements are suggested to provide a unique new benchmark to test scavenging and vertical dispersion of BC in global models.
Koch, D.; Schulz, M.; Kinne, Stefan; McNaughton, C. S.; Spackman, J. R.; Balkanski, Y.; Bauer, S.; Berntsen, T.; Bond, Tami C.; Boucher, Olivier; Chin, M.; Clarke, A. D.; De Luca, N.; Dentener, F.; Diehl, T.; Dubovik, O.; Easter, Richard C.; Fahey, D. W.; Feichter, J.; Fillmore, D.; Freitag, S.; Ghan, Steven J.; Ginoux, P.; Gong, S.; Horowitz, L.; Iversen, T.; Kirkevag, A.; Klimont, Z.; Kondo, Yutaka; Krol, M.; Liu, Xiaohong; Miller, R.; Montanaro, V.; Moteki, N.; Myhre, G.; Penner, J.; Perlwitz, Ja; Pitari, G.; Reddy, S.; Sahu, L.; Sakamoto, H.; Schuster, G.; Schwarz, J. P.; Seland, O.; Stier, P.; Takegawa, Nobuyuki; Takemura, T.; Textor, C.; van Aardenne, John; Zhao, Y.
Brazil Global Horizontal Solar Radiation Model (10km) from INPE | OpenEI
10km) from INPE 10km) from INPE Dataset Summary Description (Abstract): Global horizontal solar radiation in kWh/m2/day for 1 year organized into cells with 10km x 10km (Purpose): The BRASIL-SR model and the SPRING software (both developed by INPE - National Institute for Space Research) were used to produce the dataset and SHAPE files (Supplemental Information): The assessment of reliability levels of the BRASIL-SR model were performed through the evaluation of the deviations shown by the estimated values for solar radiation flux vis-à-vis the values measured at the surface (ground truth). This evaluation was done in two phases. The first phase consisted in an inter-comparison between the core radiation transfer models adopted by the SWERA Project to map the solar energy in the various countries participating in the project. The HELIOSAT model took part in this phase like benchmark due to its employment to map solar energy resources in countries from European Union. In the second phase, the solar flux estimates provided by the BRASIL-SR model were compared with measured values acquired at several solarimetric stations spread along the Brazilian territory
Wind Turbine Generator Model Validation Software Tool (WTGMV) Version 1.0
This software tool allows the user to validate the model for a wind turbine generator (WTG) using measured disturbance data from either a digital fault recorder (DFR) or a phaor measurement unit (PMU) located at the turbine - factor measured data from type testing of the turbine may also be used.�The tool also performs parameter optimization on a some of the model parameters such as a few of the controller gains. The tool is a first step in the ultimate plan to enhance the tool to allow for ...
A study on software reliability prediction models using soft computing techniques
Accurate software reliability prediction can not only enable developers to improve the quality of software but also provide useful information to help them for planning valuable resources. In this paper, we examine an analytical perspective of software ...
Pradeep Kumar; Yogesh Singh
On mathematical laws of software
Recent studies on the laws and mathematical constraints of softwarehave resulted in fundamental discoveries in computing and software engineeringtoward exploring the nature of software. It was recognized that software isnot constrained by any physical ... Keywords: RTPA, algebraic laws, analysis, computational intelligence, denotational mathematics, generic model of software, laws of meta-processes, laws of process compositions, laws of process relations, mathematical models, modeling, process models, programs, software, software engineering, software science
Yingxu Wang
Design and Implementation of Scientific Software Components to Enable Multiscale Modeling: The Effective Fragment Potential (QM/EFP) Method
The design and development of scientific software components to provide an interface to the effective fragment potential (EFP) methods are reported. Multiscale modeling of physical and chemical phenomena demands the merging of software packages developed by research groups in significantly different fields. Componentization offers an efficient way to realize new high performance scientific methods by combining the best models available in different software packages without a need for package readaptation after the initial componentization is complete. The EFP method is an efficient electronic structure theory based model potential that is suitable for predictive modeling of intermolecular interactions in large molecular systems, such as liquids, proteins, atmospheric aerosols, and nanoparticles, with an accuracy that is comparable to that of correlated ab initio methods. The developed components make the EFP functionality accessible for any scientific component-aware software package. The performance of the component is demonstrated on a protein interaction model, and its accuracy is compared with results obtained with coupled cluster methods.
Gaenko, Alexander [Ames Laboratory; Windus, Theresa L. [Ames Laboratory; Sosonkina, Masha [Ames Laboratory; Gordon, Mark S. [Ames Laboratory
Application of the Software as a Service Model to the Control of Complex Building Systems
In an effort to create broad access to its optimization software, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), in collaboration with the University of California at Davis (UC Davis) and OSISoft, has recently developed a Software as a Service (SaaS) Model for reducing energy costs, cutting peak power demand, and reducing carbon emissions for multipurpose buildings. UC Davis currently collects and stores energy usage data from buildings on its campus. Researchers at LBNL sought to demonstrate that a SaaS application architecture could be built on top of this data system to optimize the scheduling of electricity and heat delivery in the building. The SaaS interface, known as WebOpt, consists of two major parts: a) the investment& planning and b) the operations module, which builds on the investment& planning module. The operational scheduling and load shifting optimization models within the operations module use data from load prediction and electrical grid emissions models to create an optimal operating schedule for the next week, reducing peak electricity consumption while maintaining quality of energy services. LBNL's application also provides facility managers with suggested energy infrastructure investments for achieving their energy cost and emission goals based on historical data collected with OSISoft's system. This paper describes these models as well as the SaaS architecture employed by LBNL researchers to provide asset scheduling services to UC Davis. The peak demand, emissions, and cost implications of the asset operation schedule and investments suggested by this optimization model are analysed.
Stadler, Michael; Donadee, Jonathan; Marnay, Chris; Mendes, Goncalo; Appen, Jan von; Megel, Oliver; Bhattacharya, Prajesh; DeForest, Nicholas; Lai, Judy
In an effort to create broad access to its optimization software, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), in collaboration with the University of California at Davis (UC Davis) and OSISoft, has recently developed a Software as a Service (SaaS) Model for reducing energy costs, cutting peak power demand, and reducing carbon emissions for multipurpose buildings. UC Davis currently collects and stores energy usage data from buildings on its campus. Researchers at LBNL sought to demonstrate that a SaaS application architecture could be built on top of this data system to optimize the scheduling of electricity and heat delivery in the building. The SaaS interface, known as WebOpt, consists of two major parts: a) the investment& planning and b) the operations module, which builds on the investment& planning module. The operational scheduling and load shifting optimization models within the operations module use data from load prediction and electrical grid emissions models to create an optimal operating schedule for the next week, reducing peak electricity consumption while maintaining quality of energy services. LBNL's application also provides facility managers with suggested energy infrastructure investments for achieving their energy cost and emission goals based on historical data collected with OSISoft's system. This paper describes these models as well as the SaaS architecture employed by LBNL researchers to provide asset scheduling services to UC Davis. The peak demand, emissions, and cost implications of the asset operation schedule and investments suggested by this optimization model are analyzed.
Stadler, Michael; Donadee, Jon; Marnay, Chris; Lai, Judy; Mendes, Goncalo; Appen, Jan von; M& #233; gel, Oliver; Bhattacharya, Prajesh; DeForest, Nicholas; Lai, Judy
Method Based on OSEK/VDX Platform Using Model-based and Autocode Technology for Diesel ECU Software Development
Recently, model-based and autocode technology has become mature and brings many advantages in automotive software development. In order to take advantage of these changes, organization must adjust development process. This paper proposes a "V+v" method, ...
MU Chunyang; SUN Lining; DU Zhijiang
A flexible computer software package for industrial steam reformers and methanators based on rigorous heterogeneous mathematical models
An advanced software package for industrial steam reformers based upon heterogeneous models for the catalyst tube is developed and successfully checked against a number of top-fired and side-fired industrial reformers. The package is further developed ...
F. M. Alhabdan; M. A. Abashar; S. S. E. Elnashaie
A Parallel Ocean Model With Adaptive Mesh Refinement Capability For Global Ocean Prediction
An ocean model with adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) capability is presented for simulating ocean circulation on decade time scales. The model closely resembles the LLNL ocean general circulation model with some components incorporated from other well known ocean models when appropriate. Spatial components are discretized using finite differences on a staggered grid where tracer and pressure variables are defined at cell centers and velocities at cell vertices (B-grid). Horizontal motion is modeled explicitly with leapfrog and Euler forward-backward time integration, and vertical motion is modeled semi-implicitly. New AMR strategies are presented for horizontal refinement on a B-grid, leapfrog time integration, and time integration of coupled systems with unequal time steps. These AMR capabilities are added to the LLNL software package SAMRAI (Structured Adaptive Mesh Refinement Application Infrastructure) and validated with standard benchmark tests. The ocean model is built on top of the amended SAMRAI library. The resulting model has the capability to dynamically increase resolution in localized areas of the domain. Limited basin tests are conducted using various refinement criteria and produce convergence trends in the model solution as refinement is increased. Carbon sequestration simulations are performed on decade time scales in domains the size of the North Atlantic and the global ocean. A suggestion is given for refinement criteria in such simulations. AMR predicts maximum pH changes and increases in CO{sub 2} concentration near the injection sites that are virtually unattainable with a uniform high resolution due to extremely long run times. Fine scale details near the injection sites are achieved by AMR with shorter run times than the finest uniform resolution tested despite the need for enhanced parallel performance. The North Atlantic simulations show a reduction in passive tracer errors when AMR is applied instead of a uniform coarse resolution. No dramatic or persistent signs of error growth in the passive tracer outgassing or the ocean circulation are observed to result from AMR.
Herrnstein, A
The GISS Global Climate-Middle Atmosphere Model. Part I: Model Structure and Climatology
The GISS global climate model (Hansen et al.) has been extended to include the middle atmosphere up to an altitude of approximately 85 km. The model has the full array of processes used for climate research, i.e., numerical solutions of the ...
D. Rind; R. Suozzo; N. K. Balachandran; A. Lacis; G. Russell
Implementation of New Process Models for Tailored Polymer Composite Structures into Processing Software Packages
This report describes the work conducted under the Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) (Nr. 260) between the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and Autodesk, Inc. to develop and implement process models for injection-molded long-fiber thermoplastics (LFTs) in processing software packages. The structure of this report is organized as follows. After the Introduction Section (Section 1), Section 2 summarizes the current fiber orientation models developed for injection-molded short-fiber thermoplastics (SFTs). Section 3 provides an assessment of these models to determine their capabilities and limitations, and the developments needed for injection-molded LFTs. Section 4 then focuses on the development of a new fiber orientation model for LFTs. This model is termed the anisotropic rotary diffusion - reduced strain closure (ARD-RSC) model as it explores the concept of anisotropic rotary diffusion to capture the fiber-fiber interaction in long-fiber suspensions and uses the reduced strain closure method of Wang et al. to slow down the orientation kinetics in concentrated suspensions. In contrast to fiber orientation modeling, before this project, no standard model was developed to predict the fiber length distribution in molded fiber composites. Section 5 is therefore devoted to the development of a fiber length attrition model in the mold. Sections 6 and 7 address the implementations of the models in AMI, and the conclusions drawn from this work is presented in Section 8.
Nguyen, Ba Nghiep; Jin, Xiaoshi; Wang, Jin; Phelps, Jay; Tucker III, Charles L.; Kunc, Vlastimil; Bapanapalli, Satish K.; Smith, Mark T.
Control software architecture and operating modes of the Model M-2 maintenance system
The Model M-2 maintenance system is the first completely digitally controlled servomanipulator. The M-2 system allows dexterous operations to be performed remotely using bilateral force-reflecting master/slave techniques, and its integrated operator interface takes advantage of touch-screen-driven menus to allow selection of all possible operating modes. The control system hardware for this system has been described previously. This paper describes the architecture of the overall control system. The system's various modes of operation are identified, the software implementation of each is described, system diagnostic routines are described, and highlights of the computer-augmented operator interface are discussed. 3 references, 5 figures.
Satterlee, P.E. Jr.; Martin, H.L.; Herndon, J.N.
Global phase diagram of a doped Kitaev-Heisenberg model
The global phase diagram of a doped Kitaev-Heisenberg model is studied using an $SU(2)$ slave-boson mean-field method. Near the Kitaev limit, $p$-wave superconducting states which break the time-reversal symmetry are stabilized as reported by You {\\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. B {\\bf 86}, 085145 (2012)] irrespective of the sign of the Kitaev interaction. By further doping, a $d$-wave superconducting state appears when the Kitaev interaction is antiferromagnetic, while another $p$-wave superconducting state appears when the Kitaev interaction is ferromagnetic. This $p$-wave superconducting state does not break the time-reversal symmetry as reported by Hyart {\\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. B {\\bf 85}, 140510 (2012)], and such a superconducting state also appears when the antiferromagnetic Kitaev interaction and the ferromagnetic Heisenberg interaction compete. This work, thus, demonstrates the clear difference between the antiferromagnetic Kitaev model and the ferromagnetic Kitaev model when carriers are doped while these models are equivalent in the undoped limit, and how novel superconducting states emerge when the Kitaev interaction and the Heisenberg interaction compete.
Okamoto, Satoshi [ORNL
Execution of a Global Cloud Resolving Model (GCRM) at target resolutions of 2-4 km will generate, at a minimum, 10s of Gigabytes of data per variable per snapshot. Writing this data to disk without creating a serious bottleneck in the execution of the GCRM code while also supporting efficient post-execution data analysis is a significant challenge. This paper discusses an Input/Output (IO) application programmer interface (API) for the GCRM that efficiently moves data from the model to disk while maintaining support for community standard formats, avoiding the creation of very large numbers of files, and supporting efficient analysis. Several aspects of the API will be discussed in detail. First, we discuss the output data layout which linearizes the data in a consistent way that is independent of the number of processors used to run the simulation and provides a convenient format for subsequent analyses of the data. Second, we discuss the flexible API interface that enables modelers to easily add variables to the output stream by specifying where in the GCRM code these variables are located and to flexibly configure the choice of outputs and distribution of data across files. The flexibility of the API is designed to allow model developers to add new data fields to the output as the model develops and new physics is added and also provides a mechanism for allowing users of the GCRM code itself to adjust the output frequency and the number of fields written depending on the needs of individual calculations. Third, we describe the mapping to the NetCDF data model with an emphasis on the grid description. Fourth, we describe our messaging algorithms and IO aggregation strategies that are used to achieve high bandwidth while simultaneously writing concurrently from many processors to shared files. We conclude with initial performance results.
Palmer, Bruce J.; Koontz, Annette S.; Schuchardt, Karen L.; Heikes, Ross P.; Randall, David A.
Cosmic-ray Driven Outflows in Global Galaxy Disk Models
Galactic-scale winds are a generic feature of massive galaxies with high star formation rates across a broad range of redshifts. Despite their importance, a detailed physical understanding of what drives these mass-loaded global flows has remained elusive. In this paper, we explore the dynamical impact of cosmic rays by performing the first three-dimensional, adaptive mesh refinement simulations of an isolated starbursting galaxy that includes a basic model for the production, dynamics and diffusion of galactic cosmic rays. We find that including cosmic rays naturally leads to robust, massive, bipolar outflows from our 10^12 Msun halo, with a mass-loading factor Mout/SFR = 0.3 for our fiducial run. Other reasonable parameter choices led to mass-loading factors above unity. The wind is multiphase and is accelerated to velocities well in excess of the escape velocity. We employ a two-fluid model for the thermal gas and relativistic CR plasma and model a range of physics relevant to galaxy formation, including r...
Salem, Munier
Reconsideration of Software Reliability Measurements
In this paper, we discuss the major weaknesses of the software reliability measurements currently used and propose a new model of software reliability estimation. For the time being, the software reliability models are employed far from ubiquitous. As ...
Shiyi Xu
Consistent Interaction Of Software Components
Constructing complex software systems by integrating different software components is a promising and challenging approach. With the functionality of software components given by models it is possible to ensure consistency of such models before implementation ...
Gregor Engels; Jochen M. K�uster; Luuk Groenwegen
Particle beam modeling in accelerators has been the focus of considerable effort since the 1950s. Many generations of tools have resulted from this process, each leveraging both prior experience and increases in computer power. However, continuing innovation in accelerator technology results in systems that are not well described by existing tools, so the software development process is on-going. We discuss a novel response to this situation, which was encountered when Jefferson Lab began operation of its energy-recovering linacs. These machines were not readily described with legacy soft-ware; therefore a model was built using Microsoft Excel. This interactive simulation can query data from the accelerator, use it to compute machine parameters, analyze difference orbit data, and evaluate beam properties. It can also derive new accelerator tunings and rapidly evaluate the impact of changes in machine configuration. As it is spreadsheet-based, it can be easily user-modified in response to changing requirements. Examples for the JLab IR Upgrade FEL are presented.
D. Douglas; K. Beard; J. Eldred; P. Evtushenko; A. Jenkins; W. Moore; L. Osborne; D. Sexton; C. Tennant
A simple model for evolution of proteins towards the global minimum of free energy
A simple model for evolution of proteins towards the global minimum of free energy Tamar Kaffe-Abramovich and Ron Unger Background: Proteins seem to have their native structure in a global minimum of free energy is in the global minimum of free energy. The aim of this study is to investigate such evolutionary processes
Unger, Ron
The Global Hydrological Cycle and Atmospheric Shortwave Absorption in Climate Models under CO2 Forcing
The spread among the predictions by climate models for the strengthening of the global hydrological cycle [i.e., the global mean surface latent heat flux (LH), or, equivalently, precipitation] at a given level of CO2-induced global warming is of ...
Ken Takahashi
An Analysis of Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves in 20 WCRP CMIP3 Global Coupled Climate Models
Output from 20 coupled global climate models is analyzed to determine whether convectively coupled Kelvin waves exist in the models, and, if so, how their horizontal and vertical structures compare to observations. Model data are obtained from ...
Katherine H. Straub; Patrick T. Haertel; George N. Kiladis
MPS Model and TABA Workstation: Implementing Software Process Improvement Initiatives in Small Settings
Small and Medium-size Enterprises (SME) are usually hindered from improving their processes due to the complexity and costs involved in Software Process Improvement (SPI). In this context, Brazilian software industries and research universities are working ...
Mariano Montoni; Gleison Santos; Ana Regina Rocha; Kival C. Weber; Eratostenes E. R. de Araujo
A constraint solver for software engineering : finding models and cores of large relational specifications
Relational logic is an attractive candidate for a software description language, because both the design and implementation of software often involve reasoning about relational structures: organizational hierarchies in the ...
Torlak, Emina, 1979-
Model selection with considering the CO2 emission alone the global supply chain
This study formulates a model for analyzing eco-environmental impact on global supply chain network. The multi-criteria optimization model is applied to seek optimal solutions that not only can achieve predetermined objectives, but also can satisfy constraints ... Keywords: CO2 emission, Environmental management, Global supply chain, Integer linear programming, Multi-criteria optimization model, Supply chain management
Thi Phuong Le; Tzong-Ru Lee
Local Versus Nonlocal Boundary-Layer Diffusion in a Global Climate Model
The results of a local and a nonlocal scheme for vertical diffusion in the atmospheric boundary layer are compared within the context of a global climate model. The global model is an updated version of the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM2). ...
A. A. M. Holtslag; B. A. Boville
An efficient integrated approach for global sensitivity analysis of hydrological model parameters
Efficient sensitivity analysis, particularly for the global sensitivity analysis (GSA) to identify the most important or sensitive parameters, is crucial for understanding complex hydrological models, e.g., distributed hydrological models. In this paper, ... Keywords: DTVGM, Global sensitivity analysis, RSMSobol' method, Response surface model, Statistical emulator
Che-Sheng Zhan; Xiao-Meng Song; Jun Xia; Charles Tong
Dynamic balances within tropical plumes in a global barotropic model
Tropical plumes are a common synoptic scale feature over the Eastern Pacific associated with subtropical jet and ITCZ intensifications. Because of data sparseness, operational analysis has yielded little information of the details of the tropical plume formation process. Tropical plumes have been simulated in a global 200 mb shallow water model with a realistic basic state (Blackwell 1990). Diagnostic budgets were calculated based on model output for absolute vorticity, divergence, and kinetic energy. Also, the movement of the zero absolute vorticity isopleth during plume formation is examined. This information is compared for cases with plume formation, without plume formation, and the basic state. Budget results indicate the convergent forcing center, when located near a strong absolute vorticity gradient, creates an equatorial Rossby wave source. This source generates a large scale, quasi-stationary equatorial Rossby wave which, if located near the ambient eastern Pacific trough, strengthens this trough into the tropics. As the trough strengthens, it displaces the vorticity gradient equatorward into the cmvergence forcing region. This vorticity gradient encroaches upon the forcing region and creates a second Rossby wave source. This generates a second, smaller scale Rossby wave which propagates to the northeast along the axis of strong vorticity gradient. This Rossby wave is highly divergent in nature, due to the model's small Rossby radius of deformation. The accompanying train of convergence/divergence centers distorts the potential trough to create significant cross contour flow, which accelerates the subtropical jet to the east of the trough, resulting in a tropical plume. This study indicates the Rossby wave and accompanying cross contour and ageostrophic flow adequately explain the formation of all three key tropical plume features.
Vest, Gerry Wilson
Evaluating Aspects of the Community Land and Atmosphere Models (CLM3 and CAM3) Using a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model
The Community Land Model version 3 (CLM3) Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (CLM�DGVM) is used diagnostically to identify land and atmospheric model biases that lead to biases in the simulated vegetation. The CLM�DGVM driven with observed ...
Gordon B. Bonan; Samuel Levis
The Physical Properties of the Atmosphere in the New Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model (HadGEM1). Part I: Model Description and Global Climatology
The atmospheric component of the new Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model (HadGEM1) is described and an assessment of its mean climatology presented. HadGEM1 includes substantially improved representations of physical processes, increased ...
G. M. Martin; M. A. Ringer; V. D. Pope; A. Jones; C. Dearden; T. J. Hinton
Climate-Weather Modeling Studies Using a Prototype Global Cloud-System
Climate-Weather Modeling Studies Using a Prototype Global Cloud-System Resolving Model Climate-Weather Modeling Studies Using a Prototype Global Cloud-System Resolving Model Climate-Weather Modeling Studies Using a Prototype Global Cloud-System Resolving Model PI Name: Venkatramani Balaji PI Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Institution: Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Allocation Program: ESP Allocation Hours at ALCF: 150 Million Year: 2010 to 2013 Research Domain: Earth Science We expect our understanding of the role of clouds in climate to undergo a qualitative change as the resolutions of global models begin to encompass clouds. At these resolutions, non-hydrostatic dynamics become significant and deep convective processes are resolved. We are poised at the threshold of being able to run global scale simulations that include direct, non-parameterized, simulations of deep convective clouds. The goal of this
Tuning collective communication for Partitioned Global Address Space programming models
Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) languages offer programmers the convenience of a shared memory programming style combined with locality control necessary to run on large-scale distributed memory systems. Even within a PGAS language programmers ... Keywords: Collective communication, One-sided communication, Partitioned Global Address Space languages
Rajesh Nishtala; Yili Zheng; Paul H. Hargrove; Katherine A. Yelick
The Role of Models, Software Tools, and Applications in High Performance Computing
In this paper we identify and discuss technical issues we consider crucial to the HPCC program. The focus is on the usefulness of scalable parallel computers for National Challenge problems. We identify three interrelated aspects of usefulness: performance, programmability, and the role of an applicationdriven design philosophy. We discuss the importance of algorithm design and computational model development and advocate the design of libraries and software environments to bridge the gap between algorithm designer and application programmer. Finally, we consider the role of applications for solving National Challenge problems. This work was supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency under contract DABT6392 -C-0022. The content of the information does not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the United States Government and no official endorsement should be inferred. 1 Introduction During the last several years significant progress has been made on the Grand Challe...
Leah H. Jamieson; Susanne E. Hambrusch; Ashfaq A. Khokhar; Edward J. Delp
NERSC Software
Debugging and Profiling Visualization and Analytics Grid Software and Services NERSC Software Downloads Accounts & Allocations Policies Data Analytics & Visualization...
Local vs. global models for effort estimation and defect prediction
Data miners can infer rules showing how to improve either (a) the effort estimates of a project or (b) the defect predictions of a software module. Such studies often exhibit conclusion instability regarding what is the most effective action for different ...
Tim Menzies; Andrew Butcher; Andrian Marcus; Thomas Zimmermann; David Cok
A Double Fourier Series (DFS) Dynamical Core in a Global Atmospheric Model with Full Physics
This study describes an application of the double Fourier series (DFS) spectral method developed by Cheong as an alternative dynamical option in a model system that was ported into the Global/Regional Integrated Model System (GRIMs). A message ...
Hoon Park; Song-You Hong; Hyeong-Bin Cheong; Myung-Seo Koo
Sea Surface Height Predictions from the Global Navy Coastal Ocean Model during 1998�2001
A ?� global version of the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM), operational at the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO), is used for prediction of sea surface height (SSH) on daily and monthly time scales during 1998�2001. Model simulations that ...
Charlie N. Barron; A. Birol Kara; Harley E. Hurlburt; C. Rowley; Lucy F. Smedstad
Evaluation of Northern Hemisphere Blocking Climatology in the Global Environment Multiscale Model
The performance of the Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model, the Canadian operational numerical model, in reproducing atmospheric low-frequency variability is evaluated in the context of Northern Hemisphere blocking climatology. The ...
Etienne Dunn-Sigouin; Seok-Woo Son; Hai Lin
A Double Fourier Series (DFS) Dynamic Core in a Global Atmospheric Model with Full Physics
This study describes an application of the double Fourier series (DFS) spectral method developed by Cheong (2006) as an alternative dynamic option in a model system that was ported in the Global/Regional Integrated Model system (GRIMs). A message-...
The Estimation of Hourly Global Solar Radiation Using a Cloud Cover Model Developed at Blytheville, Arkansas
The lack of a comprehensive solar radiation monitoring network throughout the United States has led to extensive modeling. Some of the models use a measured component, usually the global solar radiation, to predict the other components, direct ...
W. D. Turner; Abdulaziz Mujahid
A Three-Dimensional Time-Dependent Global Model of the Thermosphere
A global, three-dimensional, time-dependent numerical model of the thermosphere has been created to simulate the dynamical behavior of the earth's thermosphere under a wide variety of geophysical conditions. Comparison of the model's predictions ...
T. J. Fuller-Rowell; D. Rees
Improved Ground Hydrology Calculations for Global Climate Models (GCMs): Soil Water Movement and Evapotranspiration
A physically based ground hydrology model is developed to improve the land-surface sensible and latent heat calculations in global climate models (GCMs). The processes of transpiration, evaporation from intercepted precipitation and dew, ...
F. Abramopoulos; C. Rosenzweig; B. Choudhury
Aerosol Properties and Processes: A Path from Field and Laboratory Measurements to Global Climate Models
Aerosol particles in the lower atmosphere exert a substantial influence on climate and climate change through a variety of complex mechanisms. Consequently, there is a need to represent these influences in global climate models, and models have ...
Steven J. Ghan; Stephen E. Schwartz
Experimental Tropical Cyclone Prediction Using the GFDL 25-km-Resolution Global Atmospheric Model
This paper describes a forecasting configuration of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) High-resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM). HiRAM represents an early attempt in unifying, within a global modeling framework, the capabilities of ...
Jeffrey S. Gall; Isaac Ginis; Shian-Jiann Lin; Timothy P. Marchok; Jan-Huey Chen
A Global Model for the Diapycnal Diffusivity Induced by Internal Gravity Waves
An energetically consistent model for the diapycnal diffusivity induced by breaking of internal gravity waves is proposed and tested in local and global settings. The model [Internal Wave Dissipation, Energy and Mixing (IDEMIX)] is based on the ...
Dirk Olbers; Carsten Eden
Accelerating Progress in Global Atmospheric Model Development through Improved Parameterizations: Challenges, Opportunities, and Strategies
Meeting societal needs in weather, seasonal, and decadal prediction and climate projection requires a continuous improvement of the main tools used in making the predictions�global models of the Earth system. Despite significant progress in model ...
Christian Jakob
GFDL's CM2 Global Coupled Climate Models. Part I: Formulation and Simulation Characteristics
The formulation and simulation characteristics of two new global coupled climate models developed at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) are described. The models were designed to simulate atmospheric and oceanic climate and ...
Thomas L. Delworth; Anthony J. Broccoli; Anthony Rosati; Ronald J. Stouffer; V. Balaji; John A. Beesley; William F. Cooke; Keith W. Dixon; John Dunne; K. A. Dunne; Jeffrey W. Durachta; Kirsten L. Findell; Paul Ginoux; Anand Gnanadesikan; C. T. Gordon; Stephen M. Griffies; Rich Gudgel; Matthew J. Harrison; Isaac M. Held; Richard S. Hemler; Larry W. Horowitz; Stephen A. Klein; Thomas R. Knutson; Paul J. Kushner; Amy R. Langenhorst; Hyun-Chul Lee; Shian-Jiann Lin; Jian Lu; Sergey L. Malyshev; P. C. D. Milly; V. Ramaswamy; Joellen Russell; M. Daniel Schwarzkopf; Elena Shevliakova; Joseph J. Sirutis; Michael J. Spelman; William F. Stern; Michael Winton; Andrew T. Wittenberg; Bruce Wyman; Fanrong Zeng; Rong Zhang
Validation of the Global Relocatable Tide/Surge Model PCTides
The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has developed a global, relocatable, tide/surge forecast system called PCTides. This system was designed in response to a U.S. Navy requirement to rapidly produce tidal predictions anywhere in the world. The ...
Pamela G. Posey; Richard A. Allard; Ruth H. Preller; Gretchen M. Dawson
Global Modeling of the Contrail and Contrail Cirrus Climate Impact
Despite considerable technological advances, aviation impacts on global climate are significant and may constitute a future constraint on the continued growth of air travel. The most important but least understood component in aviation climate ...
Ulrike Burkhardt; Bernd K�rcher; Ulrich Schumann
Software engineering education in the era of outsourcing, distributed development, and open source software: challenges and opportunities
As software development becomes increasingly globally distributed, and more software functions are delegated to common open source software (OSS) and commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, practicing software engineers face significant challenges ...
Matthew J. Hawthorne; Dewayne E. Perry
Software Development, Modeling, and Analysis: We're Developing Advanced Design Tools to Support the Wind Industry with "State-of-the-Art" Analysis Capability (Fact Sheet)
This fact sheet provides an overview of the software development, modeling, and analysis for wind turbine performance, loads, and stabiluty analysis.
Why software projects escalate: an empirical analysis and test of four theoretical models1,2
Software projects can often spiral out of control to become "runaway systems" that far exceed original budget and schedule projections. The behavior that underlies many runaway systems can best be characterized as "escalation of commitment to a failing ... Keywords: IS project failure, escalation, software project management
Mark Keil; Joan Mann; Arun Rai
AiOLoS: A model for assessing organizational learning in software development organizations
Context: In an industry in which technological developments are rapid, in order to keep up with the continuously increasing competition and to obtain competitive advantage, the software development organizations (SDOs) need to obtain the correct knowledge, ... Keywords: AiOLoS, Knowledge management, Learning organizations, Learning software organizations, Organizational learning
Oumout Chouseinoglou, Deniz ?ren, N. Alpay Karag�z, Semih Bilgen
A software framework for fine grain parallelization of cellular models with OpenMP: Application to fire spread
We are dealing here with the parallelization of fire spreading simulations following detailed physical experiments. The proposal presented in this paper has been tested and evaluated in collaboration with physicists to meet their requirements in terms ... Keywords: DEVS, Fire spread physical model, Open MultiProcessing (OpenMP), Software framework, Symmetric multiprocessors (SMP)
Eric Innocenti; Xavier Silvani; Alexandre Muzy; David R. C. Hill
DigiFract: A software and data model implementation for flexible acquisition and processing of fracture data from outcrops
This paper presents the development and use of our new DigiFract software designed for acquiring fracture data from outcrops more efficiently and more completely than done with other methods. Fracture surveys often aim at measuring spatial information ... Keywords: Customizing GIS, Data model and spatial analyses, Geologic field acquisition, Natural fracture description
N. J. Hardebol, G. Bertotti
Adapting and adjusting test process reflecting characteristics of embedded software and industrial properties based on referential models
Test activities are very important for the product quality. Testability Maturity Model (TMM) and Test Process Improvement (TPI) are often applied to improve the test activities. However, in the domain of embedded software, there are many different concerns ... Keywords: TMM, TPI, adapting, embedded, industrial, process, test
Chongwon Lee
A Global Semi-Implicit Semi-Lagrangian Shallow-Water Model on Locally Refined Grids
A variable-resolution global shallow-water model has been developed. The scheme makes use of a two-time-level semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian discretization, and the variable-resolution grid is composed of a basic global uniform coarser grid, ...
Saulo R. M. Barros; Claudia I. Garcia
The Impact of Parameterized Subgrid-Scale Orographic Forcing on Systematic Errors in a Global NWP Model
The global momentum budget for December 1993, diagnosed from a series of two-time-step integrations of the U.K. Meteorological Office global Unified Model, suggests that the parameterized mechanical dissipation in the model is underestimated. The ...
S. F. Milton; C. A. Wilson
Global multi-model analysis of drought in runoff for the second half of the 20th century
During the past decades large-scale models have been developed to simulate global and continental terrestrial water cycles. It is an open question whether these models are suitable to capture hydrological drought, in terms of runoff, on global ...
M. H. J. van Huijgevoort; P. Hazenberg; H. A. J. van Lanen; A. J. Teuling; D. B. Clark; S. Folwell; S. N. Gosling; N. Hanasaki; J. Heinke; S. Koirala; T. Stacke; F. Voss; J. Sheffield; R. Uijlenhoet
Medium Range Prediction by a GFDL Global Spectral Model: Results for Three Winter Cases and Sensitivity to Dissipation
A preliminary evaluation is made of the medium range predictive capability of a GFDL global spectral model of the atmosphere, based upon three winter blocking cases. Analogous forecasts by a GFDL global grid point model provide a background ...
Charles T. Gordon; William P. Stern
Development Testing of the Global Climate Model CESM/CAM | Argonne
Development Testing of the Global Climate Model CESM/CAM Development Testing of the Global Climate Model CESM/CAM Event Sponsor: Argonne Leadership Computing Facility Seminar Start Date: Dec 16 2013 - 10:30am Building/Room: Building 240/Room 4301 Location: Argonne National Laboratory Speaker(s): Chris A. Fischer Speaker(s) Title: National Center for Atmospheric Research The Community Earth System Model (CESM) and Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) are community models involving several different developers. With so many different developers it becomes imperative to carry out continuous testing during development. I'll provide a brief introduction to CESM and CAM then cover the testing that is being carried out on both. The Community Earth System Model (CESM) is a global climate model used to predict past, present and future climates. CESM is a fully couple model,
WattProbe - Software-based Empirical Extraction of Hardware Energy Models
of the Thesis Software-based Empirical Extraction of Hardware Energy Models by Manish Prasad Master of Science in Computer Science Stony Brook University 2003 A compelling goal of portable computing is to make PCs as light as possible while adding enhanced features in the form of substantial processing power, storage and wireless networking capabilities in order to run demanding applications like multimedia. On the other hand battery technology hasn't improved significantly, which implies that lighter batteries mean lesser capacity. This demands that battery power be managed critically, which has resulted in the recent thrust in energy-aware computing research in the OS community as well as implementation of power saving mechanisms on state-of-the-art portables. However, there are various factors which impede power management research and hamper the effectiveness of power saving mechanisms. Firstly, energy measurement is hard and cumbersome as it requires special experimental setup comprising externally connected multimeters. This makes it very difficult to evaluate any proposed power management strategy across multiple platforms outside a laboratory setting. Since effectiveness of power management strategies vary largely with underlying platform energy consumption characteristics, it is essential to evaluate any such strategy across multiple platforms. Furthermore, large scale deployment of power saving schemes in production class OSes for state-of-the-art portables warrants a mechanism to incorporate the knowledge of underlying hardware energy models into such schemes. Due to substantial differences in power consumption of processors and I/O devices from different vendors, a cardinal requirement to achieve the above said goal is the ability to learn underlyin...
Manish Prasad; Manish Prasad
Argonne Software Licensing: SMART
SMART. SMART (Simple Model for ALD Reaction and Transport) is a software developed by the Atomic Layer Deposition group at Argonne National ...
Managing and Valuing a Corporate IT Portfolio Using Dynamic Modeling of Software Development and Maintenance Processes
The goal of this research is to enable performance improvements in IT portfolio management. Through investigation of software practices at a Fortune 500 company, we were able to demonstrate how
Daniel Goldsmith; Mit Sloan
Composing, analyzing and validating software models to assess the performability of competing design candidates
In a perfect world, verification and validation of a software design specification would be possible before any code was generated. Indeed, in a perfect world we would know that the implementation was correct because we could trust the class ...
Frederick T. Sheldon; Stefan Greiner
TAP-D: A model for developing specialization tracks in a graduate software engineering curriculum
Software is pervasive: it exists in many different types of applications and involves a variety of computer technologies. Representative applications that exemplify this diversity include aircraft control, video conferencing, Internet commerce, ...
Carol L. Hoover
Detailed and global chemical kinetics model for hydrogen
Detailed and global chemical kinetic computations for hydrogen-air mixtures have been performed to describe flame propagation, flame structure and ignition phenomena. Simulations of laminar flame speeds, flame compositions and shock tube ignition delay times have been successfully performed. Sensitivity analysis was applied to determine the governing rate-controlling reactions for the experimental data sets examined. In the flame propagation and structure studies, the reactions, OH + H{sub 2} = H{sub 2}0 + H, 0 + H{sub 2} = OH + H and 0 + OH = 0{sub 2} + H were the most important in flames. The shock tube ignition delay time study indicated the H + 0{sub 2} + M = H0{sub 2} + M (M = N{sub 2}, H{sub 2}) and 0 + OH = 0{sub 2} + H reactions controlled ignition. A global rate expression for a one-step overall reaction was developed and validated against experimental hydrogen-air laminar flame speed data. The global reaction expression was determined to be 1.8 {times} 10{sup 13} exp({minus}17614K/T)[H{sub 2}]{sup 1.0}[O{sub 2}]{sup 0.5} for the single step reaction H{sub 2} + 1/2O{sub 2} = H{sub 2}O.
Marinov, N.M.; Westbrook, C.K.; Pitz, W.J.
Assessing the Potential of Developing a Tool for Residential Facility Management Using Building Information Modeling Software
Building Information Modeling (BIM) has changed the ways buildings are designed and constructed. Along with design and construction, operation and maintenance of the built facility is also gaining importance in the Architecture-Engineering-Construction industry. Facility management (FM) is widely adopted by industrial, healthcare and other types of commercial facilities for better maintenance and management of assets. BIM is being adopted in the field of Facility management and has become one of the most important tools for better application of operation and maintenance. Facility management is performed by professionals with training and experience in the related fields of building operation, maintenance, upgrade and repair. BIM is a professional tool which requires intense training and knowledge. This tool cannot be used and is hard to understand for non-professionals and people who do not have training to use it. Management of residences is as important as management of commercial, industrial and healthcare facilities for the life and smooth running of such facilities. Residential facilities are properties with one or more residential units or buildings. These buildings could be low rise, high rise or individual units. This thesis will help in analyzing the scope of using BIM and Application Programming Interface (API) for management of maintenance in residences by the owner who are not professionally trained. The research analyzes a single, basic function of a BIM tool to determine the potential for such a tool to help non-expert, first time user to be able to understand their residential facilities maintenance requirements. It is an attempt to propose a system which provides alerts to the owners regarding required maintenance and which shows the location of the work in a 3D model. The system was designed and tested in Microsoft Windows 7 operating system by using Autodesk� Revit building information software to make the 3D model, a Revit API plug-in to craft the alerts and show the location of work and Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) to export the model to a web browser. The system worked through Revit program, but the concept of applying the system to work through web browser failed.
Madhani, Himanshu 1986-
The Skill of Precipitation and Surface Temperature Forecasts by the NMC Global Model during DERF II
This study assesses the skill of forecasts of precipitation and surface temperature by the National Meteorological Center's (NMC) global model in the 108 consecutive 30-day forecasts [known as Dynamical Extended Range Forecast II (DERF II)] that ...
Glenn H. White; Eugenia Kalnay; Rodney Gardner; Masao Kanamitsu
A Reduced Spectral Transform for the NCEP Seasonal Forecast Global Spectral Atmospheric Model
A reduced spectral transformation is applied to the NCEP atmospheric global spectral model for operational seasonal forecasts. The magnitude of the associated Legendre coefficient provides a basis for this new transformation, which is a simple ...
Hann-Ming Henry Juang
Diffusion Experiments with a Global Discontinuous Galerkin Shallow-Water Model
A second-order diffusion scheme is developed for the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) global shallow-water model. The shallow-water equations are discretized on the cubed sphere tiled with quadrilateral elements relying on a nonorthogonal curvilinear ...
Ramachandran D. Nair
A Comparison of Soil-Moisture Sensitivity in Two Global Climate Models
Area-averaged surface hydrological processes from two global spectral general circulation climate models coupled to simple slab-ocean mixed layers are compared for the climates simulated with present-day (control) and increased atmospheric carbon ...
Gerald A. Meehl; Warren M. Washington
A Three-Dimensional, Adaptive, Godunov-Type Model for Global Atmospheric Flows
In this paper a Godunov-type methodology is applied to three-dimensional global atmospheric modeling. Numerical issues are addressed regarding the formulation of the tracer advection problem, the application of dimensional splitting, and the ...
M. E. Hubbard; N. Nikiforakis
Equatorial Circulation of a Global Ocean Climate Model with Anisotropic Horizontal Viscosity
Horizontal momentum flux in a global ocean climate model is formulated as an anisotropic viscosity with two spatially varying coefficients. This friction can be made purely dissipative, does not produce unphysical torques, and satisfies the ...
William G. Large; Gokhan Danabasoglu; James C. McWilliams; Peter R. Gent; Frank O. Bryan
The Operational Global Icosahedral�Hexagonal Gridpoint Model GME: Description and High-Resolution Tests
The German Weather Service (Deutscher Wetterdienst) has recently developed a new operational global numerical weather prediction model, named GME, based on an almost uniform icosahedral�hexagonal grid. The GME gridpoint approach avoids the ...
Detlev Majewski; D�rte Liermann; Peter Prohl; Bodo Ritter; Michael Buchhold; Thomas Hanisch; Gerhard Paul; Werner Wergen; John Baumgardner
An Improved Land Surface Emissivity Parameter for Land Surface Models Using Global Remote Sensing Observations
Because land surface emissivity (?) has not been reliably measured, global climate model (GCM) land surface schemes conventionally set this parameter as simply constant, for example, 1 as in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (...
Menglin Jin; Shunlin Liang
Global Data on Land Surface Parameters from NOAA AVHRR for Use in Numerical Climate Models
This paper reviews satellite datasets from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer that could be employed in support of numerical climate modeling at regional and global scales. Presently available NOAA operational and research datasets ...
G. Garik Gutman
Transient Response of a Global Ocean-Atmosphere Model to a Doubling of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
The transient response of climate to an instantaneous increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has been investigated by a general circulation model of the coupled ocean-atmosphere-land system with global geography and annual ...
Syukuro Manabe; Kirk Bryan; Michael J. Spelman
Investigating Global Tropical Cyclone Activity with a Hierarchy of AGCMs: The Role of Model Resolution
The ability to run general circulation models (GCMs) at ever-higher horizontal resolutions has meant that tropical cyclone simulations are increasingly credible. A hierarchy of atmosphere-only GCMs, based on the Hadley Centre Global Environmental ...
Jane Strachan; Pier Luigi Vidale; Kevin Hodges; Malcolm Roberts; Marie-Estelle Demory
Performance of the United Kingdom Meteorological Office Global Model in Predicting the Movement of Tropical Cyclones
A detailed evaluation of the performance of the United Kingdom Meteorological Office Global Model (UKMO) in predicting the movement of 15 tropical cyclones (TCs) that occurred over the western North Pacific during 1987 is presented. The ...
Johnny C. L. Chan; Wai-Kau Kay
A Global Database of Land Surface Parameters at 1-km Resolution in Meteorological and Climate Models
Ecoclimap, a new complete surface parameter global dataset at a 1-km resolution, is presented. It is intended to be used to initialize the soil�vegetation�atmosphere transfer schemes (SVATs) in meteorological and climate models (at all horizontal ...
Val�ry Masson; Jean-Louis Champeaux; Fabrice Chauvin; Christelle Meriguet; Roselyne Lacaze
Emission Scenario Dependency of Precipitation on Global Warming in the MIROC3.2 Model
The precipitation sensitivity per 1 K of global warming in twenty-first-century climate projections is smaller in an emission scenario with larger greenhouse gas concentrations and aerosol emissions, according to the Model for Interdisciplinary ...
Hideo Shiogama; Seita Emori; Kiyoshi Takahashi; Tatsuya Nagashima; Tomoo Ogura; Toru Nozawa; Toshihiko Takemura
Development and Initial Test of the University of Wisconsin Global Isentropic�Sigma Model
The description of a global version of the University of Wisconsin (UW) hybrid isentropic-sigma (? ? ?) model and the results from an initial numerical weather prediction experiment are presented in this paper. The main objectives of this initial ...
Tom H. Zapotocny; Donald R. Johnson; Fred M. Reames
Southern Ocean Response to Strengthening Winds in an Eddy-Permitting Global Climate Model
A global climate model with horizontal resolutions in the ocean ranging from relatively coarse to eddy permitting is used to investigate the resolution dependence of the Southern Ocean response to poleward intensifying winds through the past and ...
Paul Spence; John C. Fyfe; Alvaro Montenegro; Andrew J. Weaver
Global Climate and Ocean Circulation on an Aquaplanet Ocean�Atmosphere General Circulation Model
A low-resolution coupled ocean�atmosphere general circulation model (OAGCM) is used to study the characteristics of the large-scale ocean circulation and its climatic impacts in a series of global coupled aquaplanet experiments. Three ...
Robin S. Smith; Clotilde Dubois; Jochem Marotzke
Photochemical Numerics for Global-Scale Modeling: Fidelity and GCM Testing
Atmospheric photochemistry lies at the heart of global-scale pollution problems, but it is a nonlinear system embedded in nonlinear transport and so must be modeled in three dimensions. Total earth grids are massive and kinetics require dozens of ...
Scott Elliott; Xuepeng Zhao; Richard P. Turco; Chih-Yue Jim Kao; Mei Shen
The 1998 Oklahoma�Texas Drought: Mechanistic Experiments with NCEP Global and Regional Models
This study presents results from mechanistic experiments to clarify the origin and maintenance of the Oklahoma�Texas (OK�TX) drought of the 1998 summer, using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) global and regional models. In ...
Song-You Hong; Eugenia Kalnay
Modeling the Dynamics of Desakota Regions: Global - Local Nexus in the Taipei Metropolitan Area
Since the 1970s, Asia has experienced rapid urbanization processes, which are distinct from U.S. society, and the direction of Asian urbanization is more strongly affected by economic globalization. The desakota model, proposed by McGee and Ginsburg in 1991, focuses on how internal domestic and local forces drive the specific rural-urban transformation in Asia. However, the McGee-Ginsburg model does not emphasize the importance of globalization on Asian urbanization. To fill the gap, this study develops a GIS-based CA framework based on the desakota model to not only simulate the unique urbanization processes in Asia but also integrate the influence of globalization into Asian urban dynamics. Three approaches are developed in the CA simulation: 1) physical constraints and land-use classification from remotely sensed images in 1993, 2000, and 2008, are incorporated into micro-scale transformation; 2) population dynamics, shifts of economic activities, and foreign direct investment (FDIs), a representative of the impact of globalization, are applied for multi-scale interconnection; 3) the Monte Carlo mechanism is finally introduced to combine the above two approaches and implement the simulation process. The Taipei metropolitan area, a rapid urbanizing region that highly interacts with the global economy in Asia, is chosen to examine this model. The CA simulation model establishes a strong interaction between FDIs, an indicator representing impacts of globalization, and the dazzling Asian urban model. The combination of multi-scale economic factors and micro-scale land-use transformation also reveals how urban growth of the Taipei metropolis in recent years fits the characterization of the desakota model, and how desakota regions, the growth generators, interact with city cores. As a result, the research not only successfully links the influence of globalization with the desakota model and simulates urban dynamics of Asian cities but also provides scenarios of different FDI inputs for governments to better handle urban growth with global impacts under the deep economic recession since 2007.
Wu, Bing-Sheng
Data Assimilation Tools for CO2 Reservoir Model Development � A Review of Key Data Types, Analyses, and Selected Software
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has embarked on an initiative to develop world-class capabilities for performing experimental and computational analyses associated with geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide. The ultimate goal of this initiative is to provide science-based solutions for helping to mitigate the adverse effects of greenhouse gas emissions. This Laboratory-Directed Research and Development (LDRD) initiative currently has two primary focus areas�advanced experimental methods and computational analysis. The experimental methods focus area involves the development of new experimental capabilities, supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE) Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory (EMSL) housed at PNNL, for quantifying mineral reaction kinetics with CO2 under high temperature and pressure (supercritical) conditions. The computational analysis focus area involves numerical simulation of coupled, multi-scale processes associated with CO2 sequestration in geologic media, and the development of software to facilitate building and parameterizing conceptual and numerical models of subsurface reservoirs that represent geologic repositories for injected CO2. This report describes work in support of the computational analysis focus area. The computational analysis focus area currently consists of several collaborative research projects. These are all geared towards the development and application of conceptual and numerical models for geologic sequestration of CO2. The software being developed for this focus area is referred to as the Geologic Sequestration Software Suite or GS3. A wiki-based software framework is being developed to support GS3. This report summarizes work performed in FY09 on one of the LDRD projects in the computational analysis focus area. The title of this project is Data Assimilation Tools for CO2 Reservoir Model Development. Some key objectives of this project in FY09 were to assess the current state-of-the-art in reservoir model development, the data types and analyses that need to be performed in order to develop and parameterize credible and robust reservoir simulation models, and to review existing software that is applicable to these analyses. This report describes this effort and highlights areas in which additional software development, wiki application extensions, or related GS3 infrastructure development may be warranted.
Rockhold, Mark L.; Sullivan, E. C.; Murray, Christopher J.; Last, George V.; Black, Gary D.
The Lagrangian View of South Atlantic Interocean Exchange in a Global Ocean Model Compared with Inverse Model Results
Data from a global ocean general circulation model (OCCAM) has been used to investigate the interocean exchange of thermocline and intermediate waters in the South Atlantic Ocean. To resolve the pathways between different ocean basins a ...
J. Donners; S. S. Drijfhout
Modeling aviation's global emissions, uncertainty analysis, and applications to policy
(cont.) fuel burn results below 3000 ft. For emissions, the emissions indices were the most influential uncertainties for the variance in model outputs. By employing the model, this thesis examined three policy options for ...
Lee, Joosung Joseph, 1974-
Exploring a Global Multiresolution Modeling Approach Using Aquaplanet Simulations
Results from aquaplanet experiments performed using the Model for Prediction across Scales (MPAS) hydrostatic dynamical core implemented within the Department of Energy (DOE)�NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) are presented. MPAS is an ...
Sara A. Rauscher; Todd D. Ringler; William C. Skamarock; Arthur A. Mirin
California Wintertime Precipitation Bias in Regional and Global Climate Models
In this paper, wintertime precipitation from a variety of observational datasets, regional climate models (RCMs), and general circulation models (GCMs) is averaged over the state of California and compared. Several averaging methodologies are ...
Peter Caldwell
Global models of document structure using latent permutations
We present a novel Bayesian topic model for learning discourse-level document structure. Our model leverages insights from discourse theory to constrain latent topic assignments in a way that reflects the underlying ...
Chen, Harr
Global Ocean Surface Wave Simulation Using a Coupled Atmosphere�Wave Model
This study describes a 29-yr (1981�2009) global ocean surface gravity wave simulation generated by a coupled atmosphere�wave model using NOAA/GFDL�s High-Resolution Atmosphere Model (HiRAM) and the WAVEWATCH III surface wave model developed and ...
Yalin Fan; Shian-Jiann Lin; Isaac M. Held; Zhitao Yu; Hendrik L. Tolman
Comparison of Arctic Climate Simulations by Uncoupled and Coupled Global Models
Simulations of present-day Arctic climate are assessed from suites of 1) 13 global atmosphere-only models from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP-II) and 2) 8 coupled atmosphere�ocean�ice models from the Data Distribution Center ...
John E. Walsh; Vladimir M. Kattsov; William L. Chapman; Veronika Govorkova; Tatyana Pavlova
Local and Global Climate Feedbacks in Models with Differing Climate Sensitivities
The climatic response to a 5% increase in solar constant is analyzed in three coupled global ocean�atmosphere general circulation models, the NCAR Climate System Model version 1 (CSM1), the Community Climate System Model version 2 (CCSM2), and ...
Markus Stowasser; Kevin Hamilton; George J. Boer
A Global Model of Technological Utilization Based on Governmental, Business-Investment, Social, and Economic Factors
This exploratory paper presents a conceptual model of the factors of governmental support and openness, business and technology investment, and socioeconomic level that are posited to influence technological utilization. The conceptual model and conjectures ... Keywords: Global Digital Divide, Government Investment, Societal Openness, Socioeconomic Factors, Structural Equation Modeling, Technological Utilization
James Pick; Rasool Azari
Global and regional aspects of tropical cyclone activity in the CMIP5 models
Tropical cyclone (TC) activity is analyzed in 14 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) models. The global TC activity in the historical runs is compared with observations. The simulation of TC activity in the CMIP5 models is not as ...
Suzana J. Camargo
Climate Models from the Joint Global Change Research Institute
DOE Data Explorer (OSTI)
�\tEPIC - (aka WinEPIC) The Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) Model is a process-based agricultural systems model composed of simulation components for weather, hydrology, nutrient cycling, pesticide fate, tillage, crop growth, soil erosion, crop and soil management and economics. Staff at PNNL have been involved in the development of this model by integrating new sub-models for soil carbon dynamics and nitrogen cycling.
Thermodynamic Database Population Software (DBCreate)
Update Thermodynamic Databases for Modeling Geochemical Processes The DBCreate software quickly and accurately updates thermodynamic databases used in geochemical modeling, based on changes in temperatures and pressures. The software facilitates the ...
A software measurement task ontology
Software measurement is a key process for software project management and software process improvement. There are several process quality models and measurement standards that point out its importance and present good practices for it. Unfortunately, ... Keywords: semantic interoperability, software measurement, task ontology
Monalessa Perini Barcellos; Ricardo de Almeida Falbo
The Sun's Global Photospheric and Coronal Magnetic Fields: Observations and Models
In this review, our present day understanding of the Sun's global photospheric and coronal magnetic fields is discussed from both observational and theoretical viewpoints. Firstly, the large-scale properties of photospheric magnetic fields are described, along with recent advances in photospheric magnetic flux transport models. Following this, the wide variety of theoretical models used to simulate global coronal magnetic fields are described. From this, the combined application of both magnetic flux transport simulations and coronal modeling techniques to describe the phenomena of coronal holes, the Sun's open magnetic flux and the hemispheric pattern of solar filaments is discussed. Finally, recent advances in non-eruptive global MHD models are described. While the review focuses mainly on solar magnetic fields, recent advances in measuring and modeling stellar magnetic fields are described where appropriate. In the final section key areas of future research are identified.
Mackay, D H
Flexible finite-element modeling of global geomagnetic depth sounding
Modeling in 2D and 3D for Geomagnetic Depth Sounding (31, 16610. Banks, R. , 1969: Geomagnetic variations and the1997: Introduction to geomagnetic fields. Cambridge Univ Pr.
Ribaudo, Joseph Thomas
Regional & Global Climate Modeling (RGCM) Program | U.S. DOE...
Office of Science (SC) Website
System Research (ASR) Program Data Management Earth System Modeling (ESM) Program William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) Integrated Assessment of...
High-Latitude Filtering in Global Grid-Point Models
Latitude-longitude grid-point models with explicit time schemes require filtering of unstable short waves at high latitudes to avoid the use of prohibitively short time steps. Using a shallow water model and a Rossby�Haurwitz wave as an initial ...
Lawrence L. Takacs; Ramesh C. Balgovind
Regional forecasting with global atmospheric models; Final report
The purpose of the project was to conduct model simulations for past and future climate change with respect to the proposed Yucca Mtn. repository. The authors report on three main topics, one of which is boundary conditions for paleo-hindcast studies. These conditions are necessary for the conduction of three to four model simulations. The boundary conditions have been prepared for future runs. The second topic is (a) comparing the atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) with observations and other GCMs; and (b) development of a better precipitation data base for the Yucca Mtn. region for comparisons with models. These tasks have been completed. The third topic is preliminary assessments of future climate change. Energy balance model (EBM) simulations suggest that the greenhouse effect will likely dominate climate change at Yucca Mtn. for the next 10,000 years. The EBM study should improve rational choice of GCM CO{sub 2} scenarios for future climate change.
Crowley, T.J.; Smith, N.R. [Applied Research Corp., College Station, TX (United States)
Explicit State Model Checking in the Development Process for Interlocking Software Systems
timetables on track. Working much like a sophisticated spell-checker for software, Goanna detects issues / Bldg 193 (Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering) The University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Tel: +61 research. NICTA drives innovation through high-quality research, research training and technology transfer
Reiterer, Harald
Employment Of Fuzzy Logic In Feature Diagrams To Model Variability In Software Families
The features of software family members may vary according to the needs of particular market segments or purposes. The assessment of what will be common and what will be variable feature may result from particular needs and market strategies. Further, ... Keywords: FODA feature diagrams, feature diagram tree, fuzzy representation, knowledge base, power plant description
Silva Robak; Andrzej Pieczy?ski
Constructing a market domain model for start-up software technology companies: A case study
The market for a complex technology product is sometimes called reference business because references are emphasized by corporate customers. A first customer reference is especially important for a start-up technology company attempting to enter the ... Keywords: First reference customer, High technology markets, M13 - New Firms, M31 - Marketing, Start-up software company, Startups
Jari Ruokolainen; Markus M. M�kel�
Computer demonstration of an interactive modeling system for the study of global change and biogeochemistry
There is a need for visually oriented materials to aid in the study of global ecological science. Analysis of the carbon cycle is key to understanding Potential climate change. We have used satellite imagery along with global climate and soil texture data sets to simulate seasonal patterns in net carbon fixation and soil CO[sub 2] production. An interactive computer system is used to illustrate graphical results from various model scenarios of climate warming and land use change. These include global animations of monthly gridded CO[sub 2] exchange between the atmosphere and the terrestrial biosphere. This modeling demonstration highlights the importance of annual CO[sub 2] fluxes in tropical forests (40% of global totals) and the large carbon storage potential in boreal and arctic soils.
Klooster, S.A.; Potter, S. (NASA-Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA (United States)); Randerson, J. (Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, CA (United States))
Global Retrospective Estimation of Soil Moisture Using the Variable Infiltration Capacity Land Surface Model, 1980�93
A daily set of surface meteorological forcings, model-derived surface moisture fluxes, and state variables for global land areas for the period of 1979�93 is described. The forcing dataset facilitates global simulations and evaluation of land ...
Bart Nijssen; Reiner Schnur; Dennis P. Lettenmaier
Brazil Global Horizontal Solar Radiation Model (40km) from INPE
by INPE - National Institute for Space Research) were used to produce the dataset and SHAPE files. The assessment of reliability levels of the BRASIL-SR model were performed...
Slow Instabilities in Tropical Ocean Basin�Global Atmosphere Models
The effect of ocean boundaries on instability in coupled ocean-natmosphere models is determined. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors are calculated for coupled systems featuring an ocean basin bounded zonally by a flat continent. The atmosphere is ...
Anthony C. Hirst
Modification of Surface Fluxes from Component Models in Global Coupled Models
The present generation of global coupled ocean�atmosphere GCMs contains considerable systematic errors both in terms of net surface heat flux and simulated SSTs. Here, a global coupled GCM is used to illustrate how systematic errors in the ...
Gerald A. Meehl
Software Cost Estimation
Software cost estimation is the process of predicting the effort required to develop a software system. Many estimation models have been proposed over the last 30 years. This paper provides a general overview of software cost estimation methods including the recent advances in the field. As a number of these models rely on a software size estimate as input, we first provide an overview of common size metrics. We then highlight the cost estimation models that have been proposed and used successfully. Models may be classified into 2 major categories: algorithmic and non-algorithmic. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses. A key factor in selecting a cost estimation model is the accuracy of its estimates. Unfortunately, despite the large body of experience with estimation models, the accuracy of these models is not satisfactory. The paper includes comment on the performance of the estimation models and description of several newer approaches to cost estimation.
Hareton Leung Zhang; Zhang Fan
A Global Model of $?^-$-Decay Half-Lives Using Neural Networks
Statistical modeling of nuclear data using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and, more recently, support vector machines (SVMs), is providing novel approaches to systematics that are complementary to phenomenological and semi-microscopic theories. We present a global model of $\\beta^-$-decay halflives of the class of nuclei that decay 100% by $\\beta^-$ mode in their ground states. A fully-connected multilayered feed forward network has been trained using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, Bayesian regularization, and cross-validation. The halflife estimates generated by the model are discussed and compared with the available experimental data, with previous results obtained with neural networks, and with estimates coming from traditional global nuclear models. Predictions of the new neural-network model are given for nuclei far from stability, with particular attention to those involved in r-process nucleosynthesis. This study demonstrates that in the framework of the $\\beta^-$-decay problem considered here, global models based on ANNs can at least match the predictive performance of the best conventional global models rooted in nuclear theory. Accordingly, such statistical models can provide a valuable tool for further mapping of the nuclidic chart.
N. Costiris; E. Mavrommatis; K. A. Gernoth; J. W. Clark
A Locally One-Dimensional Semi-Implicit Scheme for Global Gridpoint Shallow-Water Models
A splitting method is presented for eliminating the need to directly solve for a two-dimensional Helmholtz-type difference equation in a semi-implicit scheme for a global gridpoint shallow-water model. In the proposed method, the model equations ...
Sajal K. Kar; Richard P. Turco; Carlos R. Mechoso; Akio Arakawa
Atmospheric Responses of Gill-Type and Lindzen�Nigam Models to Global Warming
The equatorial Pacific atmosphere responds differently to global warming in the Gill-type and Lindzen�Nigam models. Under an assumption of no change in the zonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient in the Gill-type model, the Walker circulation ...
Soon-Il An
The Global Geometry of the Slow Manifold in the Lorenz�Krishnamurthy Model
The five-equation model introduced by Lorenz and Krishnamurthy is studied. It is shown that the question Of existence of a slow manifold for this model can be addressed by a combination of local and global analysis. Existence of a locally slow ...
Roberto Camassa; Siu-Kei Tin
Change in regime and transfer function models of global solar radiation in Kuwait
The development of the models for global solar radiation in Kuwait is based on removing the annual periodicity and seasonal variation. The first methodology used here is the change in regime technique that relies on dividing the observations into two ... Keywords: ARMA model, Harmonic analysis, Solar radiation, Transfer function
S. A. Al-Awadhi
Can Fully Accounting for Clouds in Data Assimilation Improve Short-Term Forecasts by Global Models?
This paper explores the degree to which short-term forecasts with global models might be improved if clouds were fully included in a data assimilation system, so that observations of clouds affected all parts of the model state and cloud ...
Robert Pincus; Robert J. Patrick Hofmann; Jeffrey L. Anderson; Kevin Raeder; Nancy Collins; Jeffrey S. Whitaker
The Effect of a Solar Perturbation on a Global Climate Model
A quasi-three-dimensional global climate model is used to study the effect of a transient change in solar radiation on the model's climate. The solar constant is decreased abruptly by 5 percent in the 10th year of a 50-year run. It is then ...
William D. Sellers
Pacific Ocean Heat Transport at 24�N in a High-Resolution Global Model
Meridional heat transport in the North Pacific Ocean in a seasonally forced high-resolution global ocean general circulation model is compared to observations. At 24�N, annual mean heat transport in the model of 0.37�1011W is half the most recent ...
John L. Wilkin; James V. Mansbridge; J. Stuart Godfrey
Software Tools
Software Tools LBNL's WINDOW and THERM software tools are key to evaluating new design concepts RESFEN -- Version 5.0 now available A PC program for calculating the heating and...
Evaluation of AMIP II Global Climate Model Simulations of the Land Surface Water Budget and Its Components over the GEWEX-CEOP Regions
The land surface water balance components simulated by 20 atmospheric global circulation models (AGCMs) participating in phase II of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP II) are analyzed globally and over seven Global Energy and ...
P. Irannejad; A. Henderson-Sellers
An Evaluation of Sea Level Cyclone Forecasts Produced by NMC's Nested-Grid Model and Global Spectral Model
Sea level cyclone errors are computed for the National Meteorological Center's Nested-Grid Model (NGM) and the Aviation Run of the Global Spectral Model (AVN). The study is performed for the 1987/88 and 1989/90 cool seasons. All available 24- and ...
Bruce B. Smith; Steven L. Mullen
A Global, Multi-Resolution Approach to Regional Ocean Modeling
In this collaborative research project between Pennsylvania State University, Colorado State University and Florida State University, we mainly focused on developing multi-resolution algorithms which are suitable to regional ocean modeling. We developed hybrid implicit and explicit adaptive multirate time integration method to solve systems of time-dependent equations that present two signi#12;cantly di#11;erent scales. We studied the e#11;ects of spatial simplicial meshes on the stability and the conditioning of fully discrete approximations. We also studies adaptive #12;nite element method (AFEM) based upon the Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation (CVT) and superconvergent gradient recovery. Some of these techniques are now being used by geoscientists(such as those at LANL).
Du, Qiang
The research supported by DOE funding addressed the fundamental issues of understanding and modeling of hydrologic processes in relation to regional and global climate change. The emphasis of this research effort was on the application of isentropic modeling and analysis to advance the accuracy of the simulation of all aspects of the hydrologic cycle including clouds and thus the climate state regionally and globally. Simulation of atmospheric hydrologic processes by the UW hybrid isentropic coordinate models provided fundamental insight into global monsoonal circulations, and regional energy exchange in relation to the atmospheric hydrologic cycle. Inter-comparison of UW hybrid model simulations with those from the NCAR Community Climate Model and other climate and numerical weather prediction (NWP) models investigated the increased accuracies gained in modeling long-range transport in isentropic coordinates and isolated differences in modeling of the climate state. The inter-comparisons demonstrated advantages in the simulation of the transport of the hydrologic components of the climate system and provided insight into the more general problems of simulating hydrologic processes, aerosols and chemistry for climate. This research demonstrated the viability of the UW isentropic-eta model for long-term integration for climate and climate change studies and documented that no insurmountable barriers exist to simulation of climate utilizing hybrid isentropic coordinate models. The results provide impetus for continued development of hybrid isentropic coordinate models as a means to advance accuracies in the simulation of global and regional climate in relation to transport and the planetary distribution of heat sources and sinks.
Donald Johnson, Todd Schaack
Views of software development environments
This paper develops an abstract model of software development and then explores its implications for software development environments (SDEs). It explores the automation of engineering, i.e., what to automate, and the engineering of automation, ...
W. Stinson
A Global Climate Model (GENESIS) with a Land-Surface Transfer Scheme (LSX). Part I: Present Climate Simulation
The present-day climatology of a global climate model (GENESIS Version 1.02) is described. The model includes a land-surface transfer component (LSX) that accounts for the physical effects of vegetation. The atmospheric general circulation model ...
Starley L. Thompson; David Pollard
Modeling and Simulation of H.26L Encoder Literature Survey For EE382C Embedded Software Systems
The H.26L standard is targeted for low bit rate and low delay applications like video conferencing applications; however many other applications are considered to be within the scope of the design effort and tests indicate that H.26L is fully suitable for a very broad range of applications. The H.26L standard currently in its design stage provides improved coding efficiency and number of new features relative to prior standards. The design of H.26L is strongly intended to lead to a simple and clean solution avoiding any excessive quantity of optional features or profile configurations. In this survey, we will review H.26L standard, existing system level modeling and software based implementation approaches for real-time video codecs. The inherent parallelism and switching block structure of the H.26L encoder motivate us to model the encoder using Boolean Dataflow model of computation and implement a software based encoder in Ptolemy Classic, a framework for simulating heterogeneous systems.
Prof B. L. Evans; Mrudula Yadav; Gayathri Venkat
A Global Model of $\\beta^-$-Decay Half-Lives Using Neural Networks
Statistical modeling of nuclear data using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and, more recently, support vector machines (SVMs), is providing novel approaches to systematics that are complementary to phenomenological and semi-microscopic theories. We present a global model of $\\beta^-$-decay halflives of the class of nuclei that decay 100% by $\\beta^-$ mode in their ground states. A fully-connected multilayered feed forward network has been trained using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, Bayesian regularization, and cross-validation. The halflife estimates generated by the model are discussed and compared with the available experimental data, with previous results obtained with neural networks, and with estimates coming from traditional global nuclear models. Predictions of the new neural-network model are given for nuclei far from stability, with particular attention to those involved in r-process nucleosynthesis. This study demonstrates that in the framework of the $\\beta^-$-decay problem considered here, ...
Costiris, N; Gernoth, K A; Mavrommatis, E
An Urban Parameterization for a Global Climate Model. Part I: Formulation and Evaluation for Two Cities
Urbanization, the expansion of built-up areas, is an important yet less-studied aspect of land use/land cover change in climate science. To date, most global climate models used to evaluate effects of land use/land cover change on climate do not ...
K. W. Oleson; G. B. Bonan; J. Feddema; M. Vertenstein; C. S. B. Grimmond
The Age of Water and Ventilation Timescales in a Global Ocean Model
The age of water in the World Ocean is studied using a passive age tracer introduced into a global ocean model. Additional information is derived from a transient �dye� tracer that tracks the time-dependent spreading of surface waters into the ...
Matthew H. England
An investigation of software development productivity in China
Software productivity conveys fundamental information for manydecision making processes, such as in-house development benchmarking andoutsourcing strategic planning. However, there is a lack of statistical results onthis matter with respect to Chinese ... Keywords: chinese software industry, empirical analysis, globalization of software development, software process improvement, software productivity
Mei He; Mingshu Li; Qing Wang; Ye Yang; Kai Ye
User's guide to DIANE Version 2. 1: A microcomputer software package for modeling battery performance in electric vehicle applications
DIANE is an interactive microcomputer software package for the analysis of battery performance in electric vehicle (EV) applications. The principal objective of this software package is to enable the prediction of EV performance on the basis of laboratory test data for batteries. The model provides a second-by-second simulation of battery voltage and current for any specified velocity/time or power/time profile. The capability of the battery is modeled by an algorithm that relates the battery voltage to the withdrawn current, taking into account the effect of battery depth-of-discharge (DOD). Because of the lack of test data and other constraints, the current version of DIANE deals only with vehicles using fresh'' batteries with or without regenerative braking. Deterioration of battery capability due to aging can presently be simulated with user-input parameters accounting for an increase of effective internal resistance and/or a decrease of cell no-load voltage. DIANE 2.1 is written in FORTRAN language for use on IBM-compatible microcomputers. 7 refs.
Marr, W.W.; Walsh, W.J. (Argonne National Lab., IL (USA). Energy Systems Div.); Symons, P.C. (Electrochemical Engineering Consultants, Inc., Morgan Hill, CA (USA))
New generation of software? Modeling of energy demands for residential ventilation with HTML interface
The paper presents an interactive on-line package for calculation of energy and cost demands for residential infiltration and ventilation, with input and output data entry through a web browser. This is a unique tool. It represents a new kind of approach to developing software employing user (client) and server (package provider) computers. The main program, servicing {open_quotes}intelligent{close_quotes} CGI (Common Gateway Interface) calls, resides on the server and dynamically handles the whole package performance and the procedure of calculations. The {open_quotes}computing engine{close_quotes} consists of two parts: RESVENT - the previously existing program for ventilation calculations and ECONOMICS - for heating and cooling system energy and cost calculations. The user interface is designed in such a way, that it allows simultaneous access by many users from all over the world.
Forowicz, T.
Software: CET
... analysis based on an industry consensus standard, ASTM E 917. The software allows building owners and managers to define hazard scenarios, ...
Stochastic modeling and global warming trend extraction for ocean acoustic travel times. Interim technical report
A possible indication of the existence of global climate warming is a negative trend for the travel time of an acoustic pulse along a fixed long path, or paths, in the ocean over a period of many years. The goal of this report is the development of methods specifically for determining the presence of a long term trend for climate change from a temporal sequence of measurements of acoustic propagation times. Robust statistical methods for determining whether a significant trend is present in a given set of time series data have been developed and, for illustration, applied to some specific traveltime time series generated by the MASIG and GFDL ocean models. In this report we consider line + noise and ARIMA statistical models. We show that if the time series are long enough, somewhat over 20 years, then series such as those simulated by the MASIG and GFDL models can be classified reliably as line + noise when this is the case. However, it is shown that the results are considerably different for the two ocean models under consideration and that these models can not currently be relied upon by themselves to predict global warming. Experimental data is most certainly needed, not only to measure global warming itself, but to help improve the ocean model themselves.
Bottone, S.; Gray, H.L.; Woodward, W.A.
Modeling the global freight transportation system: a multi-level modeling perspective
The interconnectedness of different actors in the global freight transportation industry has rendered such a system as a large complex system where different sub-systems are interrelated. On such a system, policy-related- exploratory analyses which have ...
Ronald Apriliyanto Halim; Lorant A. Tavasszy; Mamadou D. Seck
FRAMES-2.0 Software System: Linking to the Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) RT3D and MT3DMS Models
Linkages to the Groundwater Modeling System have been developed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to enable the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to more realistically assess the risk to the public of radioactive contaminants at NRC-licensed sites. Common software tools presently in use are limited in that they cannot assess contaminant migration through complex natural environments. The purpose of this initiative is to provide NRC with a licensing safety-analysis tool with sufficient power, flexibility, and utility that it can serve as the primary software platform for analyzing the hazards associated with licensing actions at those �complex� sites at which the traditional tools are inappropriate. As a tool designed to realistically approximate prospective doses to the public, this initiative addresses NRC�s safety-performance goal by confirming that licensing actions do not result in undue risk to the public.
Whelan, Gene; Castleton, Karl J.; Pelton, Mitch A.
Contributions to an Improved Oxygen and Thermal Transport Model and Development of Fatigue Analysis Software for Asphalt Pavements
Fatigue cracking is one primary distress in asphalt pavements, dominant especially in later years of service. Prediction of mixture fatigue resistance is critical for various applications, e.g., pavement design and preventative maintenance. The goal of this work was to develop a tool for prediction of binder aging level and mixture fatigue life in pavement from unaged binder/mixture properties. To fulfill this goal, binder oxidation during the early fast-rate period must be understood. In addition, a better hourly air temperature model is required to provide accurate input for the pavement temperature prediction model. Furthermore, a user-friendly software needs to be developed to incorporate these findings. Experiments were conducted to study the carbonyl group formation in one unmodified binder (SEM 64-22) and one polymer-modified binder (SEM 70-22), aged at five elevated temperatures. Data of SEM 64-22, especially at low temperatures, showed support for a parallel-reaction model, one first order reaction and one zero order reaction. The model did not fit data of SEM 70-22. The polymer modification of SEM 70-22 might be responsible for this discrepancy. Nonetheless, more data are required to draw a conclusion. Binder oxidation rate is highly temperature dependent. Hourly air temperature data are required as input for the pavement temperature prediction model. Herein a new pattern-based air temperature model was developed to estimate hourly data from daily data. The pattern is obtained from time series analysis of measured data. The new model yields consistently better results than the conventional sinusoidal model. The pavement aging and fatigue analysis (PAFA) software developed herein synthesizes new findings from this work and constant-rate binder oxidation and hardening kinetics and calibrated mechanistic approach with surface energy (CMSE) fatigue analysis algorithm from literature. Input data include reaction kinetics parameters, mixture test results, and pavement temperature. Carbonyl area growth, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) function hardening, and mixture fatigue life decline are predicted as function of time. Results are plotted and saved in spreadsheets.
Jin, Xin
The open source software phenomenon as a role model for networked innovations in biotechnology: an exploratory study
Nowadays, several virtual communities claim to operate in accordance with the way Open Source Software (OSS), i.e., freely available and modifiable software codes, is developed. Given this observation, the present study concentrates upon a longitudinal ... Keywords: OSS, biotechnology, collaboration, networked innovations, open innovation, open source software, virtual communities, web based communities
Gordon Muller-Seitz
Single-Scattering Albedo and Radiative Forcing of Various Aerosol Species with a Global Three-Dimensional Model
Global distributions of the aerosol optical thickness, �ngstr�m exponent, and single-scattering albedo are simulated using an aerosol transport model coupled with an atmospheric general circulation model. All the main tropospheric aerosols are ...
Toshihiko Takemura; Teruyuki Nakajima; Oleg Dubovik; Brent N. Holben; Stefan Kinne
The Effects of Imperfect Spatial and Temporal Sampling on Estimates of the Global Mean Temperature: Experiments with Model Data
A long time series of data simulated by the NCAR Community Climate Model is used to empirically determine the effects of imperfect spatial and temporal sampling on estimates of the model's global-mean surface air temperature. Results determined ...
R. A. Madden; D. J. Shea; G. W. Branstator; J. J. Tribbia; R. O. Weber
Impact of emissions, chemistry, and climate on atmospheric carbon monoxide : 100-year predictions from a global chemistry-climate model
The possible trends for atmospheric carbon monoxide in the next 100 yr have been illustrated using a coupled atmospheric chemistry and climate model driven by emissions predicted by a global economic development model. ...
Wang, Chien.; Prinn, Ronald G.
Global Calibration of the GEOS-5 L-Band Microwave Radiative Transfer Model over Nonfrozen Land Using SMOS Observations
A zero-order (tau-omega) microwave radiative transfer model (RTM) is coupled to the Goddard Earth Observing System, version 5 (GEOS-5) catchment land surface model in preparation for the future assimilation of global brightness temperatures (Tb) ...
Gabri�lle J. M. De Lannoy; Rolf H. Reichle; Valentijn R. N. Pauwels
The New GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM2�LM2: Evaluation with Prescribed SST Simulations
The configuration and performance of a new global atmosphere and land model for climate research developed at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) are presented. The atmosphere model, known as AM2, includes a new gridpoint dynamical ...
A Transaction Cost Perspective of the "Software as a Service" Business Model
Application service providers (ASP), which host and maintain information technology (IT) applications across the Internet, offer an alternative to traditional models of IT service for user firms. We build on prior literature in transaction cost economics ... Keywords: Application Service Providers, Contract Choice, Logit Models, Transaction Cost Economics
Anjana Susarla; Anitesh Barua; Andrew Whinston
Model-based testing in legacy software modernization: an experience report
With the advent of cloud computing more and more vendors strive to modernize legacy applications and deploy them into the cloud. In particular when the legacy system is still applied in the field, the vendor must ensure a seamless change to the modernized ... Keywords: Fokus!MBT, Model-driven modernization, UML Testing Profile (UTP), model-based testing (MBT), test automation
Marc-Florian Wendland, Marco Kranz, Christian Hein, Tom Ritter, Ana Garc�a Flaquer
Reconciling uncertainties in integrated science and policy models: Applications to global climate change
In this thesis tools of data reconciliation are used to integrate available information into scientific and policy models of greenhouse gases. The role of uncertainties in scientific and policy models of global climate change is examined, and implications for global change policy are drawn. Methane is the second most important greenhouse gas. Global sources and sinks of methane have significant uncertainties. A chance constrained methodology was developed and used to perform inversions on the global methane cycle. Budgets of methane that are consistent with source fluxes, isotopic and ice core measurements were determined. While it is not possible to come up with a single budget for CH{sub 4}, performing the calculation with a number of sets of assumed priors suggests a convergence in the allowed range for sources. In some cases -- wetlands (70-130 Tg/yr), rice paddies (60-125 Tg/yr) a significant reduction in the uncertainty of the source estimate is achieved. Our results compare favorably with the most recent measurements of flux estimates. For comparison, a similar analysis using bayes monte carlo simulation was performed. The question of the missing sink for carbon remains unresolved. Two analyses that attempt to quantify the missing sink were performed. First, a steady state analysis of the carbon cycle was used to determine the pre-industrial inter-hemispheric carbon concentration gradient. Second, a full blown dynamic inversion of the carbon cycle was performed. An advection diffusion ocean model with surface chemistry, coupled to box models of the atmosphere and the biosphere was inverted to fit available measurements of {sup 12}C and {sup 14}C carbon isotopes using Differential-Algebraic Optimization. The model effectively suggests that the {open_quotes}missing{close_quotes} sink for carbon is hiding in the biosphere. Scenario dependent trace gas indices were calculated for CH{sub 4}, N{sub 2}O, HCFC-22.
Kandlikar, M.
Automatic Calibration of a Building Energy Simulation Model Using a Global Optimization Program
A simulation model used to analyze the energy performance of an existing building should be calibrated to measured consumption data from the building so the simulation output closely follows the measured time series energy consumption data and shows the same temperature dependence. This paper has used optimization software to show that a simple simulation program which is a coding of the ASHRAE 'Simplified Energy Analysis Procedure' can be automatically calibrated to �measured� data. The �measured data� used in this case study was simulation data to which a small amount of white noise had been added.
Lee, S. U.; Claridge, D.
Scientific Software
Science & Education: Science & Education: Science Highlights Conferences Seminars & Meetings Publications Annual Reports APS Upgrade Courses and Schools Graduate Programs Scientific Software Subscribe to APS Recent Publications rss feed Scientific Software Scientists and researchers at the APS develop custom scientific software to help with acquisition and analysis of beamline data. Several packages are available for a variety of platforms and uses. General Diffraction Powder Diffraction Crystallography Synchrotron Radiation / Optical Elements Time-Resolved EXAFS Visualization / Data Processing Detector Controls General Diffraction fprime FPRIME/Absorb This provides utilities for computing approximate x-ray scattering cross sections (f, f' and f") for individual elements using the Cromer & Liberman
Decoding Beta-Decay Systematics: A Global Statistical Model for Beta^- Halflives
Statistical modeling of nuclear data provides a novel approach to nuclear systematics complementary to established theoretical and phenomenological approaches based on quantum theory. Continuing previous studies in which global statistical modeling is pursued within the general framework of machine learning theory, we implement advances in training algorithms designed to improved generalization, in application to the problem of reproducing and predicting the halflives of nuclear ground states that decay 100% by the beta^- mode. More specifically, fully-connected, multilayer feedforward artificial neural network models are developed using the Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm together with Bayesian regularization and cross-validation. The predictive performance of models emerging from extensive computer experiments is compared with that of traditional microscopic and phenomenological models as well as with the performance of other learning systems, including earlier neural network models as well as th...
Costiris, N J; Gernoth, K A; Clark, J W
Assessing process-centered software engineering environments
Process-centered software engineering environments (PSEEs) are the most recent generation of environments supporting software development activities. They exploit an representation of the process (called the process model that specifies ... Keywords: CASE, enabling technology, process modeling languages, process-centered software engineering environments, software process
Vincenzo Ambriola; Reidar Conradi; Alfonso Fuggetta
The emerging market for Web-based enterprise software
Web-based enterprise software - sometimes referred to as "Software as a Service" (SaaS) or "on demand software" - is a major wave of innovation that introduces a new technical and economic model to enterprise software. The ...
G�ldi, Andreas (Andreas Jakob)
On the relationship between uncertainties in tropical divergence and the hydrological cycle in global models
A survey of tropical divergence from three GCMs, three global reanalyses and four insitu soundings from field campaigns shows the existence of large uncertainties in the ubiquity of shallow divergent circulation as well as the depth and strength of the deep divergent circulation. More specifically, only two GCMs out of the three GCMs and three global reanalyses show significant shallow divergent circulation, which is present in all in-situ soundings, and of the three GCMs and three global reanalyses, only two global reanalyses have deep divergence profiles that lie within the range of uncertainty of the soundings. The relationships of uncertainties in the shallow and deep divergent circulation to uncertainties in present day and projected strength of the hydrological cycle from the GCMs are assessed. In the tropics and subtropics, deep divergent circulation is the largest contributor to moisture convergence that balances the net precipitation, and inter-model differences in the present day simulations carry over onto the future projections. In comparison to the soundings and reanalyses, the GCMs are found to have deeper and stronger divergent circulation. While these two characteristics of GCM divergence affect the strength of the hydrological cycle, they tend to compensate for each other so that their combined effect is relatively modest.
Hagos, Samson M.; Leung, Lai-Yung R.
Response of ice and liquid water paths of tropical cyclones to global warming simulated by a global nonhydrostatic model with explicit cloud microphysics
Cloud feedback plays a key role in the future climate projection. Using global non-hydrostatic model (GNHM) simulation data for a present-day (CTL) and a warmer (GW) experiment, we estimate the contribution of tropical cyclones (TC) to ice/liquid ...
Yohei Yamada; Masaki Satoh
Agent-based simulations of the software market under different pricing schemes for software-as-a-service and perpetual software
In this paper, we present agent-based simulations that model the interactions between software buyers and vendors in a software market that offers Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and perpetual software (PS) licensing under different pricing schemes. In ... Keywords: agentbased simulation, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), decision support, dynamic pricing, perpetual software pricing, software-as-a-service pricing
Juthasit Rohitratana; J�rn Altmann
Model-based cache-aware dispatching of object-oriented software for multicore systems
In recent years, processor technology has evolved towards multicore processors, which include multiple processing units (cores) in a single package. Those cores, having their own private caches, often share a higher level cache memory dedicated to each ... Keywords: Cache-aware object dispatching, Model-based scheduling, Object-oriented design for multicore systems
Tolga Ovatman, Feza Buzluca
M.: Organization Modelling to Support Access Control for Collaborative Systems. Software Engineering Research and Practice
Abstract- One of the most important characteristics of current enterprise systems is the existence of collaborative processes where different users/subsystems communicate and cooperate in order to carry out common activities. In these processes, shared resources are often used and there are complex relationships between activities and users, so the definition and administration of different security levels (tasks, users, resources) is necessary. In this article, we shall focus on an important dimension related to the security aspect of collaborative systems: access control. We shall use an organization model that considers the necessary elements to represent the authorization and access control aspects in collaborative systems. This model is used in a serviceoriented architecture (SOA) in order to facilitate the implementation of a service responsible for these important functions. Finally, we shall propose the use of a pattern definition language at a conceptual level to facilitate the modelling of the organizational structures of a system. We shall define organization patterns that will help us define general models which can be applied in different situations.
F. L. Guti�rrez Vela; J. L. Isla Montes; P. Paderewski Rodr�guez; M. S�nchez Rom�n
Development of the first nonhydrostatic nested-grid grid-point global atmospheric modeling system on parallel machines
This is the final report of a three-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Evaluating the importance of global and regional climate response to increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases requires a comprehensive global atmospheric modeling system (GAMS) capable of simulations over a wide range of atmospheric circulations, from complex terrain to continental scales, on high-performance computers. Unfortunately, all of the existing global circulation models (GCMs) do not meet this requirements, because they suffer from one or more of the following three shortcomings: (1) use of the hydrostatic approximation, which makes the models potentially ill-posed; (2) lack of a nested-grid (or multi-grid) capability, which makes it difficult to consistently evaluate the regional climate response to the global warming, and (3) spherical spectral (opposed to grid-point finite-difference) representation of model variables, which hinders model performance for parallel machine applications. The end product of the research is a highly modularized, multi-gridded, self-calibratable (for further parameterization development) global modeling system with state-of-the-science physics and chemistry. This system will be suitable for a suite of atmospheric problems: from local circulations to climate, from thunderstorms to global cloud radiative forcing, from urban pollution to global greenhouse trace gases, and from the guiding of field experiments to coupling with ocean models. It will also provide a unique testbed for high-performance computing architecture.
Kao, C.Y.J.; Langley, D.L.; Reisner, J.M.; Smith, W.S.
Software Process Improvement Problems in Twelve Software Companies: An Empirical Analysis
In this paper we discuss our study of the problems 12 software companies experienced in software development. In total we present qualitative data collected from 45 focus groups that involved over 200 software staff. We look at how different practitioner ... Keywords: Software process improvement, capability maturity model, correspondence analysis, empirical study, organization, practitioners, project, software lifecycle
Sarah Beecham; Tracy Hall; Austen Rainer
U.K. HiGEM: The New U.K. High-Resolution Global Environment Model�Model Description and Basic Evaluation
This article describes the development and evaluation of the U.K.�s new High-Resolution Global Environmental Model (HiGEM), which is based on the latest climate configuration of the Met Office Unified Model, known as the Hadley Centre Global ...
L. C. Shaffrey; I. Stevens; W. A. Norton; M. J. Roberts; P. L. Vidale; J. D. Harle; A. Jrrar; D. P. Stevens; M. J. Woodage; M. E. Demory; J. Donners; D. B. Clark; A. Clayton; J. W. Cole; S. S. Wilson; W. M. Connolley; T. M. Davies; A. M. Iwi; T. C. Johns; J. C. King; A. L. New; J. M. Slingo; A. Slingo; L. Steenman-Clark; G. M. Martin
Modeling the Recent Evolution of Global Drought and Projections for the Twenty-First Century with the Hadley Centre Climate Model
Meteorological drought in the Hadley Centre global climate model is assessed using the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), a commonly used drought index. At interannual time scales, for the majority of the land surface, the model captures the ...
Eleanor J. Burke; Simon J. Brown; Nikolaos Christidis
Simulation Skills of the SST-Forced Global Climate Variability of the NCEP�MRF9 and the Scripps�MPI ECHAM3 Models
The global responses of two atmospheric general circulation models (AGCM), the National Centers for Environmental Prediction�Medium Range Forecast (NCEP�MRF9) and the University of Hamburg climate model�3 (ECHAM), to simultaneous global SST ...
Peitao Peng; Arun Kumar; Anthony G. Barnston; Lisa Goddard
Posters Radiation Impacts on Global Climate Models F. Baer, N. Arsky, and K. Rocque
5 5 Posters Radiation Impacts on Global Climate Models F. Baer, N. Arsky, and K. Rocque University of Maryland College Park, Maryland Climate Prediction and Radiative Heating Climate models are driven by forcing, and these forces are seen primarily by the thermal field in general circulation models (GCMs). The major forces that affect the thermal field are longwave radiative (LWR) heating, shortwave radiative (SWR) heating, and convection (cumulus, etc.). These forcing effects are cycled through the thermal field to the motion field by nonlinear transfer. The dependent variables-in particular, temperature (T), moisture (Q) and especially clouds-evolve in time in a model and determine the subsequent forcing. If the dependent variables are not accurately calculated in space and time, the forcing
European Geosciences Union Ocean Science Formulation of an ocean model for global climate simulations
Abstract. This paper summarizes the formulation of the ocean component to the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory�s (GFDL) climate model used for the 4th IPCC Assessment (AR4) of global climate change. In particular, it reviews the numerical schemes and physical parameterizations that make up an ocean climate model and how these schemes are pieced together for use in a state-of-the-art climate model. Features of the model described here include the following: (1) tripolar grid to resolve the Arctic Ocean without polar filtering, (2) partial bottom step representation of topography to better represent topographically influenced advective and wave processes, (3) more accurate equation of state, (4) three-dimensional flux limited tracer advection to reduce overshoots and undershoots, (5) incorporation of regional climatological variability in shortwave penetration,
B. L. Samuels; M. J. Spelman; M. Winton; R. Zhang
Development and Evaluation of a Global Version of the Miami Isopycnic-Coordinate Ocean Model. Final report
The objective of this project was to test the ability of the Miami Isopycnic-Coordinate Ocean Model (MICOM) to simulate the global ocean circulation, setting the stage for the model's incorporation into coupled global climate models. An existing basin-scale model will be expanded to global domain; suitable atmospheric forcing fields, including precipitation and river runoff, will be selected; the modeling of ayssal flow will be improved by incorporating compressibility and particularly thermobaric effects; a sea-ice model will be added; parameterization options will be explored for subgrid-scale deep convection; parallel coarse- and fine-mesh simulations will be carried out to investigate the impact of grid resolution; the sensitivity of the model's solution to magnitude of vertical (diapycnal) exchange coefficient will be studied; and long-term trends in meridional heat transport and water-mass properties in model solutions will be documented and interpreted.
Bleck, Rainer; Rooth, Claes G.H.; Okeefe, Sawdey
Hardware/Software Partitioning of Software Binaries: A Case Study of H.264 Decode
Hardware/Software Partitioning of Software Binaries: A Case Study of H.264 Decode Greg Stitt whether new techniques for hardware/software partitioning of an application's binary are competitive-return, function specialization, algorithmic specialization, hardware-targeted reimplementation, global array
Vahid, Frank
TWP-ICE Global Atmospheric Model Intercomparison: Convection Responsiveness and Resolution Impact
Results are presented from an intercomparison of global atmospheric model (GAM) simulations of tropical convection during the Tropical Warm Pool-International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE). The distinct cloud properties, precipitation, radiation, and vertical diabatic heating profiles associated with three different monsoon regimes (wet, dry, and break) from available observations are used to evaluate 9 GAM forecasts initialized daily from realistic global analyses. All models well captured the evolution of large-scale circulation and the thermodynamic fields, but cloud properties differed substantially among models. For example, liquid water path and ice water path differed by up to two orders of magnitude. Compared with the relatively well simulated top-heavy heating structures during the wet and break period, most models had difficulty in depicting the bottom-heavy heating profiles associated with cumulus congestus. The best performing models during this period were the ones whose convection scheme was most responsive to the free tropospheric humidity. Compared with the large impact of cloud and convective parameterizations on model cloud and precipitation characteristics, resolution has relatively minor impact on simulated cloud properties. However, one feature that was influence by the resolution study in several models was the diurnal cycle of precipitation. Peaking at a different time from convective precipitation, large-scale precipitation generally increases in high resolution forecasts and modulates the total precipitation diurnal cycle. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of more environmental responsive convective parameterizations to capture various types of convection and the substantial diversity among large-scale cloud and precipitation schemes in current GAMs. This experiment has also demonstrated itself to be a very useful testbed for those developing cloud and convection schemes in these models.
Lin, Yanluan; Donner, Leo J.; Petch, Jon C.; Bechtold, P.; Boyle, James; Klein, Stephen A.; Komori, T.; Wapler, K.; Willett, M.; Xie, X.; Zhao, M.; Xie, Shaocheng; McFarlane, Sally A.; Schumacher, Courtney
Software demonstration: Demand Response Quick Assessment Tool
Software demonstration: Demand Response Quick Assessment Tool Software demonstration: Demand Response Quick Assessment Tool Speaker(s): Peng Xu Date: February 4, 2008 - 12:00pm Location: 90-3122 The potential for utilizing building thermal mass for load shifting and peak demand reduction has been demonstrated in a number of simulation, laboratory, and field studies. The Demand Response Quick Assessment Tools developed at LBNL will be demonstrated. The tool is built on EnergyPlus simulation and is able to evaluate and compare different DR strategies, such as global temperature reset, chiller cycling, supply air temperature reset, etc. A separate EnergyPlus plotting tool will also be demonstrated during this seminar. Users can use the tool to test EnergyPlus models, conduct parametric analysis, or compare multiple EnergyPlus simulation
Considerations in the Selection of Global Climate Models for Regional Climate Projections: The Arctic as a Case Study
Climate projections at regional scales are in increased demand from management agencies and other stakeholders. While global atmosphere�ocean climate models provide credible quantitative estimates of future climate at continental scales and above,...
James E. Overland; Muyin Wang; Nicholas A. Bond; John E. Walsh; Vladimir M. Kattsov; William L. Chapman
Impact of Parameter Estimation on the Performance of the FSU Global Spectral Model Using Its Full-Physics Adjoint
The full-physics adjoint of the Florida State University Global Spectral Model at resolution T42L12 is applied to carry out parameter estimation using an initialized analysis dataset. The three parameters, that is, the biharmonic horizontal ...
Yanqiu Zhu; I. M. Navon
A Global Multilevel Atmospheric Model Using a Vector Semi-Lagrangian Finite-Difference Scheme. Part II: Version with Physics
Full physical parameterzations have been incorporated into the global model using a two-time-level, semi-Lagrangian, semi-implicit finite-difference integration scheme that was described in Part I of this work. Virtual temperature effects have ...
S. Moorthi; R. W. Higgins; J. R. Bates
Orogenic Propagating Precipitation Systems over the United States in a Global Climate Model with Embedded Explicit Convection
In the lee of major mountain chains worldwide, diurnal physics of organized propagating convection project onto seasonal and climate time scales of the hydrologic cycle, but this phenomenon is not represented in conventional global climate models (...
Michael S. Pritchard; Mitchell W. Moncrieff; Richard C. J. Somerville
Effect of Ice-Albedo Feedback on Global Sensitivity in a One-Dimensional Radiative-Convective Climate Model
The feedback between ice albedo and temperature is included in a one-dimensional radiative-convective climate model. The effect of this feedback on global sensitivity to changes in solar constant is studied for the current climate conditions. ...
Wei-Chyung Wang; Peter H. Stone
Interdecadal and Interannual Variability in the Northern Extratropical Circulation Simulated with the JMA Global Model. Part I: Wintertime Leading Mode
Interdecadal and interannual atmospheric variability in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere is investigated using an atmospheric GCM. The model used for this research is a T42 GCM version of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA-GSM89) global ...
Ryuichi Kawamura; Masato Sugi; Nobuo Sato
Interdecadal and Interannual Variability in the Northern Extratropical Circulation Simulated with the JMA Global Model. Part II: Summertime Leading Mode
Interdecadal and interannual) variations of a model atmosphere in the northern extratropics is examined using a T42 GCM forced with observed near-global SSTs from January 1955 to December 1988.
Quantitative Assessment of Diurnal Variation of Tropical Convection Simulated by a Global Nonhydrostatic Model without Cumulus Parameterization
This study investigated the resolution dependence of diurnal variation in tropical convective systems represented by a global nonhydrostatic model without cumulus parameterization. This paper describes the detailed characteristics of diurnal ...
Akira T. Noda; Kazuyoshi Oouchi; Masaki Satoh; Hirofumi Tomita
Modeling the Global Solar Radiation on the Earth�s Surface Using Atmospheric Deterministic and Intelligent Data-Driven Techniques
Three methods for analyzing and modeling the global shortwave radiation reaching the earth�s surface are presented in this study. Solar radiation is a very important input for many aspects of climatology, hydrology, atmospheric sciences, and ...
M. Santamouris; G. Mihalakakou; B. Psiloglou; G. Eftaxias; D. N. Asimakopoulos
Comparison of explicitly simulated and downscaled tropical cyclone activity in a high-resolution global climate model
The response of tropical cyclone activity to climate change is a matter of great inherent interest and practical importance. Most current global climate models are not, however, capable of adequately resolving tropical ...
Emanuel, Kerry Andrew
Response of Tropical Cyclones to Idealized Climate Change Experiments in a Global High-Resolution Coupled General Circulation Model
The authors present an assessment of how tropical cyclone activity might change owing to the influence of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, using the U.K. High-Resolution Global Environment Model (HiGEM) with N144 resolution (~...
Ray Bell; Jane Strachan; Pier Luigi Vidale; Kevin Hodges; Malcolm Roberts
An Assessment of the Primary Sources of Spread of Global Warming Estimates from Coupled Atmosphere�Ocean Models
Climate feedback analysis constitutes a useful framework for comparing the global mean surface temperature responses to an external forcing predicted by general circulation models (GCMs). Nevertheless, the contributions of the different radiative ...
Jean-Louis Dufresne; Sandrine Bony
Low Wind Speed Technology Phase II: Development of an Operations and Maintenance Cost Model for LWST; Global Energy Concepts
This fact sheet describes a subcontract with Global Energy Concepts to evaluate real-world data on O&M costs and to develop a working model to describe these costs for low wind speed sites.
Observations of Surface Forcing from the Subduction Experiment: A Comparison with Global Model Products and Climatological Datasets
Reliable estimates of the exchange of heat, moisture, and momentum across the air�sea interface are essential in assessing the local �representativeness� of the surface forcing fields depicted by global model and climatological datasets. The ...
K. A. Moyer; R. A. Weller
Sensitivity to Surface Forcing and Boundary Layer Mixing in a Global Ocean Model: Annual-Mean Climatology
The effects of more realistic bulk forcing boundary conditions, a more physical subgrid-scale vertical mixing parameterization, and more accurate bottom topography are investigated in a coarse-resolution, global oceanic general circulation model. ...
William G. Large; Gokhan Danabasoglu; Scott C. Doney; James C. McWilliams
Improving Global Model Precipitation Forecasts over India Using Downscaling and the FSU Superensemble. Part II: Seasonal Climate
This study addresses seasonal forecasts of rains over India using the following components: high-resolution rain gauge�based rainfall data covering the years 1987�2001, rain-rate initialization, four global atmosphere�ocean coupled models, a ...
Arindam Chakraborty; T. N. Krishnamurti
Emission-Induced Nonlinearities in the Global Aerosol System: Results from the ECHAM5-HAM Aerosol-Climate Model
In a series of simulations with the global ECHAM5-HAM aerosol-climate model, the response to changes in anthropogenic emissions is analyzed. Traditionally, additivity is assumed in the assessment of the aerosol climate impact, as the underlying ...
Philip Stier; Johann Feichter; Silvia Kloster; Elisabetta Vignati; Julian Wilson
Do Global Models Properly Represent the Feedback between Land and Atmosphere?
The Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment/Climate Variability and Predictability (GEWEX/CLIVAR) Global Land�Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (GLACE) has provided an estimate of the global distribution of land�atmosphere coupling strength during ...
Paul A. Dirmeyer; Randal D. Koster; Zhichang Guo
Processes in securing open architecture software systems
Our goal is to identify and understand issues that arise in the development and evolution processes for securing open architecture (OA) software systems. OA software systems are those developed with a mix of closed source and open source software components ... Keywords: Open architecture, configuration, continuous software development, process integration, process modeling, security
Walt Scacchi, Thomas A. Alspaugh
Statistical modeling of nuclear data provides a novel approach to nuclear systematics complementary to established theoretical and phenomenological approaches based on quantum theory. Continuing previous studies in which global statistical modeling is pursued within the general framework of machine learning theory, we implement advances in training algorithms designed to improved generalization, in application to the problem of reproducing and predicting the halflives of nuclear ground states that decay 100% by the beta^- mode. More specifically, fully-connected, multilayer feedforward artificial neural network models are developed using the Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm together with Bayesian regularization and cross-validation. The predictive performance of models emerging from extensive computer experiments is compared with that of traditional microscopic and phenomenological models as well as with the performance of other learning systems, including earlier neural network models as well as the support vector machines recently applied to the same problem. In discussing the results, emphasis is placed on predictions for nuclei that are far from the stability line, and especially those involved in the r-process nucleosynthesis. It is found that the new statistical models can match or even surpass the predictive performance of conventional models for beta-decay systematics and accordingly should provide a valuable additional tool for exploring the expanding nuclear landscape.
N. J. Costiris; E. Mavrommatis; K. A. Gernoth; J. W. Clark
Offshore software maintenance methodology
Keywords: maintenance methodology, offshore maintenance, remote maintenance, software economics, software maintenance
M. Pavan Kumar; V. Sita Rama Das; N. Netaji
Discrete, recursive supply chain model for solar panel manufacturing
A computer model to optimize global expansion of the production of solar panels is presented. The model is modular, extensible, and fast compared to existing specialized optimization software which use integer linear ...
P�ez, Da�an
Using CORE Model-Based Systems Engineering Software to Support Program Management in the U.S. Department of Energy Office of the Biomass Project: Preprint
This paper describes how a model-based systems engineering software, CORE, is helping the U. S. Department of Energy's Office of Biomass Program assist with bringing biomass-derived biofuels to the market. This software tool provides information to guide informed decision-making as biomass-to-biofuels systems are advanced from concept to commercial adoption. It facilitates management and communication of program status by automatically generating custom reports, Gantt charts, and tables using the widely available programs of Microsoft Word, Project and Excel.
Riley, C.; Sandor, D.; Simpkins, P.
Elite Software | Open Energy Information
Elite Software Elite Software Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Elite Software Agency/Company /Organization: Elite Software Sector: Energy Focus Area: Buildings Phase: Evaluate Options, Prepare a Plan Resource Type: Software/modeling tools User Interface: Desktop Application Website: www.elitesoft.com/ Cost: Paid References: CHVAC - Commercial HVAC Loads[1] Typically used by designers, this software allows the user to input project construction and internal enrgy sources to calculate peak loads for the specific building to determine system design parameters for equipment components. Overview Typically used by designers, this software allows the user to input project construction and internal energy sources to calculate peak loads for the specific building to determine system design parameters for equipment
Collaborative Proposal: Transforming How Climate System Models are Used: A Global, Multi-Resolution Approach
Despite the great interest in regional modeling for both weather and climate applications, regional modeling is not yet at the stage that it can be used routinely and effectively for climate modeling of the ocean. The overarching goal of this project is to transform how climate models are used by developing and implementing a robust, efficient, and accurate global approach to regional ocean modeling. To achieve this goal, we will use theoretical and computational means to resolve several basic modeling and algorithmic issues. The first task is to develop techniques for transitioning between parameterized and high-fidelity regional ocean models as the discretization grid transitions from coarse to fine regions. The second task is to develop estimates for the error in scientifically relevant quantities of interest that provide a systematic way to automatically determine where refinement is needed in order to obtain accurate simulations of dynamic and tracer transport in regional ocean models. The third task is to develop efficient, accurate, and robust time-stepping schemes for variable spatial resolution discretizations used in regional ocean models of dynamics and tracer transport. The fourth task is to develop frequency-dependent eddy viscosity finite element and discontinuous Galerkin methods and study their performance and effectiveness for simulation of dynamics and tracer transport in regional ocean models. These four projects share common difficulties and will be approach using a common computational and mathematical toolbox. This is a multidisciplinary project involving faculty and postdocs from Colorado State University, Florida State University, and Penn State University along with scientists from Los Alamos National Laboratory. The completion of the tasks listed within the discussion of the four sub-projects will go a long way towards meeting our goal of developing superior regional ocean models that will transform how climate system models are used.
Estep, Donald
Integrating chemistry into 3D climate models: Detailed kinetics in the troposphere and stratosphere of a global climate model
This is the final report of a three-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The motivation for the project is to create the first complete, three-dimensional climate model that enfolds atmospheric photochemistry. The LANL chemical global climate model (GCM) not only distributes the trace greenhouse gases and modifies their concentrations within the detailed photochemical web, but also permits them to influence the radiation field and so force their own transport. Both atmospheric chemistry and fluid dynamics are nonlinear and zonally asymmetric phenomena. They can only be adequately modeled in three dimensions on the global grid. The kinetics-augmented GCM is the only program within the atmospheric community capable of investigating interaction involving chemistry and transport. The authors have conducted case studies of timely three-dimensional chemistry issues. Examples include ozone production from biomass burning plumes, kinetic feedbacks in zonally asymmetric transport phenomena with month- to year-long time scales, and volcano sulfate aerosols with respect to their potential effects on tropospheric ozone depletion.
Kao, C.Y.J.; Elliott, S. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Div.; Turco, R.P.; Zhao, X. [Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Evaluating Global Aerosol Models and Aerosol and Water Vapor Properties Near Clouds
The 'Evaluating Global Aerosol Models and Aerosol and Water Vapor Properties Near Clouds' project focused extensively on the analysis and utilization of water vapor and aerosol profiles derived from the ARM Raman lidar at the Southern Great Plains ARM site. A wide range of different tasks were performed during this project, all of which improved quality of the data products derived from the lidar or advanced the understanding of atmospheric processes over the site. These activities included: upgrading the Raman lidar to improve its sensitivity; participating in field experiments to validate the lidar aerosol and water vapor retrievals; using the lidar aerosol profiles to evaluate the accuracy of the vertical distribution of aerosols in global aerosol model simulations; examining the correlation between relative humidity and aerosol extinction, and how these change, due to horizontal distance away from cumulus clouds; inferring boundary layer turbulence structure in convective boundary layers from the high-time-resolution lidar water vapor measurements; retrieving cumulus entrainment rates in boundary layer cumulus clouds; and participating in a field experiment that provided data to help validate both the entrainment rate retrievals and the turbulent profiles derived from lidar observations.
Turner, David, D.; Ferrare, Richard, A.
Formal modelling, knowledge representation and reasoning for design and development of user-centric pervasive software: a meta-review
Increasing demand for large scale and highly complex systems and applications, particularly with the emergence of pervasive computing and the impact of adaptive systems, introduces significant challenges for software development, as well as for user-machine ...
Ahmet Soylu; Patrick De Causmaecker; Davy Preuveneers; Yolande Berbers; Piet Desmet
A Reduced Grid Method for a Parallel Global Ocean General Circulation Model
A limitation of many explicit finite-difference global climate models is the timestep restriction caused by the decrease in cell size associated with the convergence of meridians near the poles. A computational grid in which the number of cells in the longitudinal direction is reduced toward high-latitudes, keeping the longitudinal width of the resulting cells as uniform as possible and increasing the allowable timestep, is applied to a three-dimensional primitive equation ocean-climate model. This ''reduced'' grid consists of subgrids which interact at interfaces along their northern and southern boundaries, where the resolution changes by a factor of three. Algorithms are developed to extend the finite difference techniques to this interface, focusing on the conservation required to perform long time integrations, while preserving the staggered spatial arrangement of variables and the numerics used on subgrids. The reduced grid eliminates the common alternative of filtering high-frequency modes from the solution at high-latitudes to allow a larger timestep and reduces execution time per model step by roughly 20 percent. The reduced grid model is implemented for parallel computer architectures with two-dimensional domain decomposition and message passing, with speedup results comparable to those of the original model. Both idealized and realistic model runs are presented to show the effect of the interface numerics on the model solution. First, a rectangular, mid-latitude, at-bottomed basin with vertical walls at the boundaries is driven only by surface wind stress to compare three resolutions of the standard grid to reduced grid cases which use various interface conditions. Next, a similar basin with wind stress, heat, and fresh water forcing is used to compare the results of a reduced grid with those of a standard grid result while exercising the full set of model equations. Finally, global model runs, with topography, forcing, and physical parameters similar to those used for ocean-climate studies, are advanced to a near equilibrium state for both the reduced grid and the standard grid. Differences between the two are presented for typical fields of interest, and very little degradation of the solution due to the reduced grid is observed.
Wickett, M.E.
Tim Kemna Alexandru Mereacre Marcel Oldenkamp · Student Researchers: Frank Birbacher Jonathan Heinen
A two-dimensional model study of past trends in global ozone
Emissions and atmospheric concentrations of several trace gases important to atmospheric chemistry are known to have increased substantially over recent decades. Solar flux variations and the atmospheric nuclear test series are also likely to have affected stratospheric ozone. In this study, the LLNL two-dimensional chemical-radiative-transport model of the troposphere and stratosphere has been applied to an analysis of the effects that these natural and anthropogenic influences may have had on global ozone concentrations over the last three decades. In general, model determined species distributions and the derived ozone trends agree well with published analyses of land-based and satellite-based observations. Also, the total ozone and ozone distribution trends derived from CFC and other trace gas effects have a different response with latitude than the derived trends from solar flux variations, thus providing a ''signature'' for anthropogenic effects on ozone. 24 refs., 5 figs.
Wuebbles, D.J.; Kinnison, D.E.
The Software behind the Higgs Boson Discovery
In this column, David Rousseau describes the enormous software development effort associated with teasing out evidence for the elusive Higgs boson, a cornerstone of the Standard Model. In keeping with previous Impact columns, everything about this is ... Keywords: Software development,Physcis,Nuclear physics,Software engineering,Particle collisions,software development,impact,Higgs boson,physics,CERN,nuclear research,Atlas,decay,software engineering
David Rousseau
A 3-D Canopy Radiative Transfer Model for Global Climate Modeling: Description, Validation and Application
The process of solar radiative transfer at the land surface is important to energy, water and carbon balance, especially for vegetated areas. Currently the most commonly used two-stream model considers the Plant Functional Types (PFTs) within a ...
Hua Yuan; Robert E. Dickinson; Yongjiu Dai; Muhammad J. Shaikh; Liming Zhou; Wei Shangguan; Duoying Ji
The Granular Sea Ice Model in Spherical Coordinates and Its Application to a Global Climate Model
The granular sea ice model (GRAN) from Tremblay and Mysak is converted from Cartesian to spherical coordinates. In this conversion, the metric terms in the divergence of the deviatoric stress and in the strain rates are included. As an ...
Jan Sedlacek; Jean-Fran�ois Lemieux; Lawrence A. Mysak; L. Bruno Tremblay; David M. Holland
Transient Response of the Hadley Centre Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model to Increasing Carbon Dioxide. Part III: Analysis of Global-Mean Response Using Simple Models
The roles of surface, atmospheric, and oceanic feedbacks in controlling the global-mean transient response of a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model to increasing carbon dioxide are investigated. The analysis employs a four-box ...
J. M. Murphy
A Global Climatology of Albedo, Roughness Length and Stomatal Resistance for Atmospheric General Circulation Models as Represented by the Simple Biosphere Model (SiB)
Components of the Simple Biosphere Model (SiB) of Sellers et al. were used to generate global monthly fields of surface albedo (0.4�4.0 ?m), roughness length and minimum surface (stomatal) resistance.
J. L. Dorman; P. J. Sellers
Software Copyright and Piracy in China
This study is to explore how Chinese software users perceive the issues of software copyright and piracy. Tianya Community, the largest online public forum in China, was selected as a site to study users' online communication about software copyright and piracy. Data were collected over five discussion boards in which software copyright and piracy were discussed extensively to retrieve 561 posting threads with 6,150 messages ranging from March 1, 1999 to June 30, 2007. Lindlof and Taylor's (2002) qualitative communication research methods were used to locate and analyze the recurring dominant themes within the online discussion by Chinese Internet users. The study revealed two opposing discourses existing in software users? perceptions, which represent globalization and anti-globalization processes surrounding software copyright and piracy. Mittleman and Chin's (2005) theoretical framework was adopted to interpret material and spiritual tensions between human/material factors, such as software owners, software users, China, and foreign developed countries. Meanwhile, the actor-network theory was applied to map out the roles of non-human/non-material factors, such as new technology, patriotism, and Chinese culture, which function to moderate the existing confrontations between globalization and anti-globalization by preventing software users from totally falling down into either direction of supporting or opposing software piracy. As a result, both forces of conformity and resistance were found to coexist within software users' perceptions and fragment their identities. To deal with fragmented identities, Chinese software users generally adopted a flexible, discriminative position composed by a series of distinctions, between offline purchasing of pirated discs and software download, between enterprise users and individual users, between foreign and local software companies, between freeware/open-source software and copyright/pirated software, between software companies and independent software developers, and between conceptual recognition and behavioral practice. Meanwhile, traditional resistance movements of Polanyi's (1957) counter-movements and Gramsci's (1971) counter-hegemony were reduced from collective contestations with openly declared call for resistance to Scott's (1990) notion of infra-politics that was communicated among software users and expressed in their everyday practice of piracy use but not in public and government discourse.
Lu, Jia
Modeling the response of the California Current system to global greenhouse warming. Final report to the National Institute for Global Environmental Change (August 1993)
This is the final report for the project ``Modeling the Response of the California Current System to Global Greenhouse Warming,`` supported 1990 and 1991 by NIGEC. The scientists involved are Dr. Richard C.J. Somerville and Alejandro Paries-Sierra of Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD. A copy of papers submitted to the Journal of Physical Oceanography, and Geofisica Internacional that were supported in part or whole by WEST-GEC, as well as a summary of a talk delivered at the XX General Assembly of the IUGG, Vienna (1991) are appended to this report. The objective of the research was to improve the understanding of the response of the California Current system to the large-scale anomalous forcing thought to be associated with greenhouse warming. The authors viewed this as a necessary initial step in the study of the California climate response to global change.
Pares-Sierra, A.; Somerville, R.C.J.
The other skills of the software architect
The skills that are taught to the software architect in academic programs often leave him or her completely unprepared to assume the role of solution architect on a project with more than four or five developers. Furthermore, the globalization of software ... Keywords: architect role, leadership, management
Brian Berenbach
What do people know about global climate change 1. Mental models
A set of exploratory studies and mental model interviews was conducted in order to characterize public understanding of climate change. In general, respondents regarded global warming as both bad and highly likely. Many believed that warming has already occurred. They tended to confuse stratospheric ozone depletion with the greenhouse effect and weather with climate. Automobile use, heat and emissions from industrial processes, aerosol spray cans, and pollution in general were frequently perceived as primary causes of global warming. Additionally, the [open quotes]greenhouse effect[close quotes] was often interpreted literally as the cause of a hot and steamy climate. The effects attributed to climate change often included increased skin cancer and changed agricultural yields. The mitigation and control strategies proposed by interviewees typically focused on general pollution control, with few specific links to carbon dioxide and energy use. Respondents appeared to be relatively unfamiliar with such regulatory developments as the ban on CFCs for nonessential uses. These beliefs must be considered by those designing risk communications or presenting climate-related policies to the public. 20 refs., 4 tabs.
Bostrom, A. (Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)); Morgan, M.G.; Fischhoff, B.; Read, D. (Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States))
A Global Climate Model (GENESIS) with a Land-Surface Transfer Scheme (LSX). Part II: CO2 Sensitivity
The sensitivity of the equilibrium climate to doubled atmospheric CO2 is investigated using the GENESIS global climate model version 1.02. The atmospheric general circulation model is a heavily modified version of the NCAR CCM1 and is coupled to ...
Simulation of the Stable Water Isotopes in Precipitation over South America: Comparing Regional to Global Circulation Models
A simulation of the stable water isotope cycle over South America by the regional circulation model REMOiso is discussed. The performance of the regional model, with a resolution of 0.5� (55 km), is compared to simulations by the global ...
Christophe Sturm; Georg Hoffmann; B�rbel Langmann
A technique for early software reliability prediction
In early developmental stages of software, failure data is not available to determine the reliability of software. But developers need reliability prediction for quality assessment and resource planning. We propose a model based on Reliability Block ...
Rakesh Tripathi; Rajib Mall
Analyses of Global Monthly Precipitation Using Gauge Observations, Satellite Estimates, and Numerical Model Predictions
An algorithm is developed to construct global gridded fields of monthly precipitation by merging estimates from five sources of information with different characteristics, including gauge-based monthly analyses from the Global Precipitation ...
Pingping Xie; Phillip A. Arkin
Global Soil Moisture from Satellite Observations, Land Surface Models, and Ground Data: Implications for Data Assimilation
Three independent surface soil moisture datasets for the period 1979�87 are compared: 1) global retrievals from the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR), 2) global soil moisture derived from observed meteorological forcing using the ...
Rolf H. Reichle; Randal D. Koster; Jiarui Dong; Aaron A. Berg
Evidence of software inspection on feature specification for software product lines
In software product lines (SPL), scoping is a phase responsible for capturing, specifying and modeling features, and also their constraints, interactions and variations. The feature specification task, performed in this phase, is usually based on natural ... Keywords: Empirical study, Software inspection, Software product lines, Software quality control
Iuri Santos Souza; Gecynalda Soares Da Silva Gomes; Paulo Anselmo Da Mota Silveira Neto; Ivan Do Carmo Machado; Eduardo Santana De Almeida; Silvio Romero De Lemos Meira
Impact of software engineering research on the practice of software configuration management
Software Configuration Management (SCM) is an important discipline in professional software development and maintenance. The importance of SCM has increased as programs have become larger, more long lasting, and more mission and life critical. This article ... Keywords: Versioning, data model, process support, research impact, software configuration management, software engineering, workspace management
Jacky Estublier; David Leblang; Andr� van der Hoek; Reidar Conradi; Geoffrey Clemm; Walter Tichy; Darcy Wiborg-Weber
Bringing Clouds into Focus: A New Global Climate Model May Reduce the
Bringing Clouds into Bringing Clouds into Focus Bringing Clouds into Focus A New Global Climate Model May Reduce the Uncertainty of Climate Forecasting May 11, 2010 | Tags: Lattice QCD Contact: John Hules, firstname.lastname@example.com , +1 510 486 6008 Randall-fig4.png The large data sets generated by the GCRM require new analysis and visualization capabilities. This 3D plot of vorticity isosurfaces was developed using VisIt, a 3D visualization tool with a parallel distributed architecture, which is being extended to support the geodesic grid used by the GCRM. (Image Courtesy of the NERSC Analytics Team) Clouds exert two competing effects on the Earth's temperature: they cool the planet by reflecting solar radiation back to space, but they also warm the planet by trapping heat near the surface. These two effects coexist in
Do Models and Observations Disagree on the Rainfall Response to Global Warming?
Recently analyzed satellite-derived global precipitation datasets from 1987 to 2006 indicate an increase in global-mean precipitation of 1.1%�1.4% decade?1. This trend corresponds to a hydrological sensitivity (HS) of 7% K?1 of global warming, ...
Beate G. Liepert; Michael Previdi
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Tools by Subject -...
modeling, heat transfer, finite element Software has been updated. Curb Energy management, buildings, benchmarking, energy tracking, utility billing Software has been...
Enduse Global Emissions Mitigation Scenarios (EGEMS): A New Generation of Energy Efficiency Policy Planning Models
This paper presents efforts to date and prospective goals towards development of a modelling and analysis framework which is comprehensive enough to address the global climate crisis, and detailed enough to provide policymakers with concrete targets and achievable outcomes. In terms of energy efficiency policy, this requires coverage of the entire world, with emphasis on countries and regions with large and/or rapidly growing energy-related emissions, and analysis at the 'technology' level-building end use, transport mode or industrial process. These elements have not been fully addressed by existing modelling efforts, which usually take either a top-down approach, or concentrate on a few fully industrialized countries where energy demand is well-understood. Inclusion of details such as appliance ownership rates, use patterns and efficiency levels throughout the world allows for a deeper understanding of the demand for energy today and, more importantly, over the coming decades. This is a necessary next step for energy analysts and policy makers in assessment of mitigation potentials. The modelling system developed at LBNL over the past 3 years takes advantage of experience in end use demand and in forecasting markets for energy-consuming equipment, in combination with known technology-based efficiency opportunities and policy types. A particular emphasis has been placed on modelling energy growth in developing countries. Experiences to date include analyses covering individual countries (China and India), end uses (refrigerators and air conditioners) and policy types (standards and labelling). Each of these studies required a particular effort in data collection and model refinement--they share, however, a consistent approach and framework which allows comparison, and forms the foundation of a comprehensive analysis system leading to a roadmap to address the greenhouse gas mitigation targetslikely to be set in the coming years.
McNeil, Michael A.; de la Rue du Can, Stephane; McMahon, James E.
Sandia software guidelines: Software quality planning
This volume is one in a series of Sandia Software Guidelines intended for use in producing quality software within Sandia National Laboratories. In consonance with the IEEE Standard for Software Quality Assurance Plans, this volume identifies procedures to follow in producing a Software Quality Assurance Plan for an organization or a project, and provides an example project SQA plan. 2 figs., 4 tabs.
Software Tools WINDOW for analyzing window thermal and optical performance THERM for analyzing two-dimensional heat transfer through building products Optics for analyzing optical properties of glazing systems International Glazing Database Optical data for glazing products used by WINDOW 5.2 and Optics5.1 including NFRC approved products Complex Glazing Database A database of shading materials and systems, such as roller shades and venetian blinds, that can be used by WINDOW 6 to calculate thermal and optical characteristics of window products with these shading systems. COMFEN A PC Program for calculating the heating and cooling energy use, and visual and thermal comfort, of commercial building facades. RESFEN A PC program for calculating the heating and cooling energy use of windows in residential buildings
A Nationwide Program for Software Process Improvement in Brazil
Continuous improvement of software development capability is fundamental for organizations to thrive in competitive markets. Nevertheless, Software Process Improvement (SPI) implementation based on software process reference models and standards is a ...
Ana Regina Cavalcanti da Rocha; Mariano Montoni; Kival Chaves Weber; Ertostenes Edson Ramalho de Araujo
Structuring energy supply and demand networks in a general equilibrium model to simulate global warming control strategies
Global warming control strategies which mandate stringent caps on emissions of greenhouse forcing gases can substantially alter a country's demand, production, and imports of energy products. Although there is a large degree of uncertainty when attempting to estimate the potential impact of these strategies, insights into the problem can be acquired through computer model simulations. This paper presents one method of structuring a general equilibrium model, the ENergy and Power Evaluation Program/Global Climate Change (ENPEP/GCC), to simulate changes in a country's energy supply and demand balance in response to global warming control strategies. The equilibrium model presented in this study is based on the principle of decomposition, whereby a large complex problem is divided into a number of smaller submodules. Submodules simulate energy activities and conversion processes such as electricity production. These submodules are linked together to form an energy supply and demand network. Linkages identify energy and fuel flows among various activities. Since global warming control strategies can have wide reaching effects, a complex network was constructed. The network represents all energy production, conversion, transportation, distribution, and utilization activities. The structure of the network depicts interdependencies within and across economic sectors and was constructed such that energy prices and demand responses can be simulated. Global warming control alternatives represented in the network include: (1) conservation measures through increased efficiency; and (2) substitution of fuels that have high greenhouse gas emission rates with fuels that have lower emission rates. 6 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.
Hamilton, S.; Veselka, T.D.; Cirillo, R.R.
LBNL Windows & Daylighting Software -- THERM
a problem with the software) Documentation Future Work Tutorials Two-Dimensional Building Heat-Transfer Modeling THERM is a state-of-the-art, Microsoft Windows-based computer...
Global distribution and climate forcing of marine organic aerosol: 1. Model improvements and evaluation
Marine organic aerosol emissions have been implemented and evaluated within the National Center of Atmospheric Research (NCAR)'s Community Atmosphere Model (CAM5) with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's 7-mode Modal Aerosol Module (MAM-7). Emissions of marine primary organic aerosols (POA), phytoplanktonproduced isoprene- and monoterpenes-derived secondary organic aerosols (SOA) and methane sulfonate (MS{sup -}) are shown to affect surface concentrations of organic aerosols in remote marine regions. Global emissions of submicron marine POA is estimated to be 7.9 and 9.4 Tg yr{sup -1}, for the Gantt et al. (2011) and Vignati et al. (2010) emission parameterizations, respectively. Marine sources of SOA and particulate MS{sup -} (containing both sulfur and carbon atoms) contribute an additional 0.2 and 5.1 Tg yr{sup -1}, respectively. Widespread areas over productive waters of the Northern Atlantic, Northern Pacific, and the Southern Ocean show marine-source submicron organic aerosol surface concentrations of 100 ngm{sup -3}, with values up to 400 ngm{sup -3} over biologically productive areas. Comparison of long-term surface observations of water insoluble organic matter (WIOM) with POA concentrations from the two emission parameterizations shows that despite revealed discrepancies (often more than a factor of 2), both Gantt et al. (2011) and Vignati et al. (2010) formulations are able to capture the magnitude of marine organic aerosol concentrations, with the Gantt et al. (2011) parameterization attaining better seasonality. Model simulations show that the mixing state of the marine POA can impact the surface number concentration of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). The largest increases (up to 20 %) in CCN (at a supersaturation (S) of 0.2 %) number concentration are obtained over biologically productive ocean waters when marine organic aerosol is assumed to be externally mixed with sea-salt. Assuming marine organics are internally-mixed with sea-salt provides diverse results with increases and decreases in the concentration of CCN over different parts of the ocean. The sign of the CCN change due to the addition of marine organics to seasalt aerosol is determined by the relative significance of the increase in mean modal diameter due to addition of mass, and the decrease in particle hygroscopicity due to compositional changes in marine aerosol. Based on emerging evidence for increased CCN concentration over biologically active surface ocean areas/periods, our study suggests that treatment of sea spray in global climate models (GCMs) as an internal mixture of marine organic aerosols and sea-salt will likely lead to an underestimation in CCN number concentration.
Meskhidze, N.; Xu, J.; Gantt, Brett; Zhang, Yang; Nenes, Athanasios; Ghan, Steven J.; Liu, Xiaohong; Easter, Richard C.; Zaveri, Rahul A.
Global existence for a hydrogen storage model with full energy balance
A thermo-mechanical model describing hydrogen storage by use of metal hydrides has been recently proposed in a paper by Bonetti, Fr\\'emond and Lexcellent. It describes the formation of hydrides using the phase transition approach. By virtue of the laws of continuum thermo-mechanics, the model leads to a phase transition problem in terms of three state variables: the temperature, the phase parameter representing the fraction of one solid phase, and the pressure, and is derived within a generalization of the principle of virtual powers proposed by Fr\\'emond accounting for micro-forces, responsible for the phase transition, in the whole energy balance of the system. Three coupled nonlinear partial differential equations combined with initial and boundary conditions have to be solved. The main difficulty in investigating the resulting system of partial differential equations relies on the presence of the squared time derivative of the order parameter in the energy balance equation. Here, the global existence of a...
Bonetti, Elena; Lauren�ot, Philippe
Software design for panoramic astronomical pipeline processing
We describe the software requirement and design specifications for all-sky panoramic astronomical pipelines. The described software aims to meet the specific needs of super-wide angle optics, and includes cosmic-ray hit rejection, image compression, star recognition, sky opacity analysis, transient detection and a web server allowing access to real-time and archived data. The presented software is being regularly used for the pipeline processing of 11 all-sky cameras located in some of the world's premier observatories. We encourage all-sky camera operators to use our software and/or our hosting services and become part of the global Night Sky Live network.
Lior Shamir; Robert J. Nemiroff; David O. Torrey; Wellesley E. Pereira
Using a Bayesian framework and global sensitivity analysis to identify strengths and weaknesses of two process-based models differing in representation of autotrophic respiration
Process-based models are powerful tools for sustainable and adaptive forest management. Bayesian statistics and global sensitivity analysis allow to reduce uncertainties in parameters and outputs, and they provide better insight of model behaviour. In ... Keywords: 3-PG, Bayesian calibration, Bayesian model comparison, Carbon cycle, Global sensitivity analysis, Morris screening, Net primary production, Respiration, Uncertainty analysis
F. Minunno; M. Van Oijen; D. R. Cameron; S. Cerasoli; J. S. Pereira; M. Tom�
NIMASTEP: a software to modelize, study and analyze the dynamics of various small objects orbiting specific bodies
NIMASTEP is a dedicated numerical software developed by us, which allows one to integrate the osculating motion (using cartesian coordinates) in a Newtonian approach of an object considered as a point-mass orbiting a homogeneous central body that rotates with a constant rate around its axis of smallest inertia. The code can be applied to objects such as particles, artificial or natural satellites or space debris. The central body can be either any terrestrial planet of the solar system, any dwarf-planet, or even an asteroid. In addition, very many perturbations can be taken into account, such as the combined third-body attraction of the Sun, the Moon, or the planets, the direct solar radiation pressure (with the central body shadow), the non-homogeneous gravitational field caused by the non-sphericity of the central body, and even some thrust forces. The simulations were performed using different integration algorithms. Two additional tools were integrated in the software package; the indicator of chaos MEGNO and the frequency analysis NAFF. NIMASTEP is designed in a flexible modular style and allows one to (de)select very many options without compromising the performance. It also allows one to easily add other possibilities of use. The code has been validated through several tests such as comparisons with numerical integrations made with other softwares or with semi-analytical and analytical studies. The various possibilities of NIMASTEP are described and explained and some tests of astrophysical interest are presented. At present, the code is proprietary but it will be released for use by the community in the near future. Information for contacting its authors and (in the near future) for obtaining the software are available on the web site http://www.fundp.ac.be/en/research/projects/page_view/10278201/
N. Delsate; A. Comp�re
of Carbon Dioxide Emissions on GNP Growth: Interpretation ofMcNeil et al Enduse Global Emissions Mitigation Scenarios (Keywords Greenhouse gas emissions, emissions scenarios,
McNeil, Michael A.
Practical pairwise testing for software product lines
One key challenge for software product lines is efficiently managing variability throughout their lifecycle. In this paper, we address the problem of variability in software product lines testing. We (1) identify a set of issues that must be addressed ... Keywords: feature modelling, software product lines, variability management
Dusica Marijan, Arnaud Gotlieb, Sagar Sen, Aymeric Hervieu
A Global Multilevel Atmospheric Model Using a Vector Semi-Lagrangian Finite-Difference Scheme. Part I: Adiabatic Formulation
An adiabatic global multilevel primitive equation model using a two time-level, semi-Lagrangian semi-implicit finite-difference integration scheme is presented. A Lorenz grid is used for the vertical discretization and a C grid for the horizontal ...
J. R. Bates; S. Moorthi; R. W. Higgins
Response of tropical cyclones to idealized climate change experiments in a global high resolution coupled general circulation model
We present an assessment of how tropical cyclone activity might change due to the influence of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, using the UK�s High Resolution Global Environment Model (HiGEM) with N144 resolution (~90 km in the ...
Simulated Diurnal Range and Variability of Surface Temperature in a Global Climate Model for Present and Doubled C02 Climates
The variability of surface temperature simulated by a global climate model with a simple mixed-layer ocean is analyzed. The simulated diurnal and seasonal ranges of temperature are compared with observation, as is the day-to-day and interannual ...
Hong Xing Cao; J. F. B. Mitchell; J. R. Lavery
Multicentury Changes to the Global Climate and Carbon Cycle: Results from a Coupled Climate and Carbon Cycle Model
A coupled climate and carbon (CO2) cycle model is used to investigate the global climate and carbon cycle changes out to the year 2300 that would occur if CO2 emissions from all the currently estimated fossil fuel resources were released to the ...
G. Bala; K. Caldeira; A. Mirin; M. Wickett; C. Delire
The Response of a Global Ocean General Circulation Model to Climatological Surface Boundary Conditions for Temperature and Salinity
The response of a global ocean general circulation model (OGCM) to different surface heat and freshwater fluxes is examined. The aim is to determine the most appropriate way to spin up an OGCM prior to coupling it with an atmospheric GCM. ...
Andrew M. Moore; Christopher J. C. Reason
Projected Impact of Climate Change on the Energy Budget of the Arctic Ocean by a Global Climate Model
The annual energy budget of the Arctic Ocean is characterized by a net heat loss at the air�sea interface that is balanced by oceanic heat transport into the Arctic. Two 150-yr simulations (1950�2099) of a global climate model are used to examine ...
James R. Miller; Gary L. Russell
A Variable-Resolution Semi-Lagrangian Finite-Element Global Model of the Shallow-Water Equations
To meet the needs of short- and medium-range operational forecasting, the authors propose a unified strategy based on the use of a global variable-resolution model, run in two different configurations. These are as follows: (i) a variable-...
Jean C�t�; Michel Roch; Andrew Staniforth; Luc Fillion
GA-GPU: extending a library-based global address spaceprogramming model for scalable heterogeneouscomputing systems
Scalable heterogeneous computing (SHC) architectures are emerging as a response to new requirements for low cost, power efficiency, and high performance. For example, numerous contemporary HPC systems are using commodity Graphical Processing Units (GPU) ... Keywords: armci, ga, gas, global address space, global arrays, gpu, nwchem, pgas
Vinod Tipparaju; Jeffrey S. Vetter
CSP 587: Software Quality Management S. Kan, Software Quality engineering, Addison-Wesley.
CSP 587: Software Quality Management Texts S. Kan, Software Quality engineering, Addison hours · Quality Appraisal Programs 5 hours SEI's Capability Maturity Model ISO 9000 Total 45 hours CSP
Graph-Based Software Design for Managing Complexity and Enabling Concurrency in Multiphysics PDE Software
Multiphysics simulation software is plagued by complexity stemming from nonlinearly coupled systems of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). Such software typically supports many models, which may require different transport equations, constitutive ... Keywords: Scientific computing, multiphysics, object-oriented design, task graph
Patrick K. Notz; Roger P. Pawlowski; James C. Sutherland
Development of an Evaluation and Acceptance Methodology for Commercial Two- and Three-Dimensional Plant Modeling Software
This report identifies a methodology for owner-operators to use to evaluate and then accept commercial two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) software tools and databases to support maintaining nuclear plant design basis information. These tools are currently used only to produce hard copy documents, which are then manually reviewed corner-to-corner each time the document is printed. After the manual review, the signed hard copy documents are used as a source of configuration-controlled ...
Modeling the Oil Transition: A Summary of the Proceedings of the DOE/EPA Workshop on the Economic and Environmental Implications of Global Energy Transitions
The global energy system faces sweeping changes in the next few decades, with potentially critical implications for the global economy and the global environment. It is important that global institutions have the tools necessary to predict, analyze and plan for such massive change. This report summarizes the proceedings of an international workshop concerning methods of forecasting, analyzing, and planning for global energy transitions and their economic and environmental consequences. A specific case, it focused on the transition from conventional to unconventional oil and other energy sources likely to result from a peak in non-OPEC and/or global production of conventional oil. Leading energy models from around the world in government, academia and the private sector met, reviewed the state-of-the-art of global energy modeling and evaluated its ability to analyze and predict large-scale energy transitions.
Greene, David L [ORNL
SOFTWARE QUALITY & SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PROGRAM: Software Design...
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PROGRAM: Requirements Management Checklist SOFTWARE QUALITY & SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PROGRAM: Project Tracking Checklist Energy.gov Careers & Internships Policy &...
Designing security into software
When people talk about software security, they usually refer to security applications such as antivirus software, firewalls and intrusion detection systems. There is little emphasis on the security in the software itself. ...
Zhang, Chang Tony
ESTSC - Software Best Practices
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
Scientific and Technical Software Best Practices Scientific and Technical Software Best Practices December 2010 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Responsibilities 2.1 OSTI/ESTSC 2.2 SIACs 2.3 Software Submitting Sites/Creators 2.4 Software Sensitivity Review 3.0 Software Announcement and Submission 3.1 STI Software Appropriate for Announcement 3.2 Announcement/Submission Criteria 3.3 Software Categories 3.4 Announcement Notice Metadata Elements 4.0 Software Access 4.1 Foreign Access to Software 4.2 Copyrighted Software 4.3 Software Licenses 4.4 Distribution Statement and Disclaimer Attachments Attachment 1 Attachment 2 1.0 INTRODUCTION Department of Energy (DOE) Order (O) 241.1B requires that scientific and technical information (STI), including scientific and technical computer software, be made broadly available, within applicable laws and
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Umberto
Umberto Umberto logo. Software tool for material and energy flow calculation and analysis based on graphical modelling of process systems. It has been developed by ifu (Institute...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Energy Expert
software that creates a smart model of a building using interval data and hourly weather data and compares daily energy consumption against this norm. The Energy Expert...
NETL: Discrete Fracture Reservoir Simulation Software
Discrete Fracture Reservoir Simulation FRACGENNFFLOW Shale Gas Flow Simulation Shale Gas Flow Simulation FRACGENNFFLOW, a fractured reservoir modeling software developed by the...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: COMFIE
architects ; COMFIE is also linked to a life cycle assessment software (EQUER) allowing environmental evaluation of the building. Weaknesses Equipment is modeled very simply...
A Classical-Theory-Based Parameterization of Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation by Mineral Dust, Soot, and Biological Particles in a Global Climate Model
An ice nucleation parameterization based on classical nucleation theory, with aerosol-specific parameters derived from experiments, has been implemented into a global climate model�the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM)-Oslo. The parameterization ...
Corinna Hoose; J�n Egill Kristj�nsson; Jen-Ping Chen; Anupam Hazra
Global Precipitation Estimates Based on a Technique for Combining Satellite-Based Estimates, Rain Gauge Analysis, and NWP Model Precipitation Information
The �satellite-gauge-model� (SGM) technique is described for combining precipitation estimates from microwave satellite data, infrared satellite data, rain gauge analyses, and numerical weather prediction models into improved estimates of global ...
George J. Huffman; Robert F. Adler; Bruno Rudolf; Udo Schneider; Peter R. Keehn
Predictability of Total Ozone Using a Global Three-Dimensional Chemical Transport Model Coupled with the MRI/JMA98 GCM
A global three-dimensional chemical transport model is being developed for forecasting total ozone. The model includes detailed stratospheric chemistry and transport and couples with a dynamical module of the Meteorological Research Institute/...
T. T. Sekiyama; K. Shibata
Testing the Effects of a New Land Surface Scheme and of Initial Soil Moisture Conditions in the Canadian Global Forecast Model
A new land surface scheme developed for the Canadian general circulation model has been introduced into the Canadian global forecast model and tested for a summer case. It features three soil layers, a snow layer, and a vegetation layer; its ...
Yves Delage; Diana Verseghy
Seasonal Near-Surface Dynamics and Thermodynamics of the Indian Ocean and Indonesian Throughflow in a Global Ocean General Circulation Model
The near-surface dynamics and thermodynamics of the Indian Ocean are examined in a global ocean general circulation model (OGCM) with enhanced tropical resolution. The model uses a Seager-type heat flux formulation (weak relaxation toward a fixed ...
A. Schiller; J. S. Godfrey; P. C. McIntosh; G. Meyers; S. E. Wijffels
Multiscale Interactions in the Life Cycle of a Tropical Cyclone Simulated in a Global Cloud-System-Resolving Model. Part II: System-Scale and Mesoscale Processes
The life cycle of Tropical Storm Isobel was simulated reasonably well in the Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM), a global cloud-system-resolving model. The evolution of the large-scale circulation and the storm-scale structure ...
Hironori Fudeyasu; Yuqing Wang; Masaki Satoh; Tomoe Nasuno; Hiroaki Miura; Wataru Yanase
GFDL�s ESM2 Global Coupled Climate�Carbon Earth System Models. Part I: Physical Formulation and Baseline Simulation Characteristics
The physical climate formulation and simulation characteristics of two new global coupled carbon�climate Earth System Models, ESM2M and ESM2G, are described. These models demonstrate similar climate fidelity as the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics ...
John P. Dunne; Jasmin G. John; Alistair J. Adcroft; Stephen M. Griffies; Robert W. Hallberg; Elena Shevliakova; Ronald J. Stouffer; William Cooke; Krista A. Dunne; Matthew J. Harrison; John P. Krasting; Sergey L. Malyshev; P. C. D. Milly; Peter J. Phillipps; Lori T. Sentman; Bonita L. Samuels; Michael J. Spelman; Michael Winton; Andrew T. Wittenberg; Niki Zadeh
The Description of the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System's Spectral Forecast Model
We present a description of the development of the spectral forecast components of the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS). The original system, called 3.0, was introduced in January 1988. New versions were introduced ...
Timothy F. Hogan; Thomas E. Rosmond
A Simple Model for the Skewness of Global Sea Surface Winds
A strong linear relationship between the mean and skewness of global sea surface winds (both zonal and meridional) is shown to exist, such that where the wind component is on average positive, it is negatively skewed (and vice versa). This ...
Adam Hugh Monahan
Using a total landed cost model to foster global logistics strategy in the electronics industry
Global operation strategies have been widely used in the last several decades as many companies and industries have taken advantage of lower production costs. However, in choosing a location, companies often only consider ...
Jearasatit, Apichart
Climate change and agriculture : global and regional effects using an economic model of international trade
Empirical estimates of the economic welfare implications of the impact of climate change on global agricultural production are made. Agricultural yield changes resulting from climate scenarios associated with a doubling ...
Reilly, John M.
A Model for the Estimation of Global Solar Radiation Using Fuzzy Random Variables
In this paper, the concept of fuzzy random variables is applied for the estimation of global solar radiation on a surface at ground level. The cloudiness index is defined as the fraction of extraterrestrial radiation that reaches the earth's ...
Nalin K. Gautam; N. D. Kaushika
Optimization of the Fixed Global Observing Network in a Simple Model
An exact closed form expression for the infinite time analysis and forecast error covariances of a Kalman filter is used to investigate how the locations of fixed observing platforms such as radiosonde stations affect global distributions of ...
Craig H. Bishop; Carolyn A. Reynolds; Michael K. Tippett
Tropical Cyclone Climatology in a 10-km Global Atmospheric GCM: Toward Weather-Resolving Climate Modeling
Northern Hemisphere tropical cyclone (TC) activity is investigated in multiyear global climate simulations with the ECMWF Integrated Forecast System (IFS) at 10-km resolution forced by the observed records of sea surface temperature and sea ice. ...
Julia V. Manganello; Kevin I. Hodges; James L. Kinter III; Benjamin A. Cash; Lawrence Marx; Thomas Jung; Deepthi Achuthavarier; Jennifer M. Adams; Eric L. Altshuler; Bohua Huang; Emilia K. Jin; Cristiana Stan; Peter Towers; Nils Wedi
Including Croplands in a Global Biosphere Model: Methodology and Evaluation at Specific Sites
There is a strong international demand for quantitative estimates of both carbon sources/sinks, and water availability at the land surface at various spatial scales (regional to global). These estimates can be derived (and usually are) from ...
S�bastien Gervois; Nathalie de Noblet-Ducoudr�; Nicolas Viovy; Philippe Ciais; Nadine Brisson; Bernard Seguin; Alain Perrier
California Winter Precipitation Change under Global Warming in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 Ensemble
Projections of possible precipitation change in California under global warming have been subject to considerable uncertainty because California lies between the region anticipated to undergo increases in precipitation at mid-to-high latitudes and ...
J. David Neelin; Baird Langenbrunner; Joyce E. Meyerson; Alex Hall; Neil Berg
Modeling of Downward Surface Longwave Flux Density for Global Change Applications and Comparison with Pyrgeometer Measurements
The success of satellite monitoring of global climate change depends on the ability to validate satellite inference methods against accurate �ground truth.� Under a recent World Meteorological Organization�World Climate Research Program activity ...
F. Miskolczi
Global asymptotic behavior of a two-dimensional difference equation modelling competition
We investigate the global asymptotic behavior of solutions of the system of difference equations xn+1 = xn/ a + cyn, yn+1 = yn/ b + dxn, n =0,1,..., where the parameters a ... Keywords: asymptotic behavior, monotonicity, stability, stable manifold
Dean Clark; M. R. S. Kulenovic�; James F. Selgrade
Real &me numerical forecast of global epidemic spreading using large-scale computa&onal models
Real &me numerical forecast of global epidemic spreading using large conditions). Forecast = best prediction given the present knowledge on the system. Projection = attempt functionalities) #12;Real time forecast for the H1N1pdm (2009) Key parameters
Cattuto, Ciro
Stable Isotopes as Validation Tools for Global Climate Model Predictions of the Impact of Amazonian Deforestation
This paper examines changes in isotopic abundances for 18O and deuterium in precipitation over the Amazon basin based on data in the Global Network on Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) database from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)/...
A. Henderson-Sellers; K. McGuffie; H. Zhang
Safety analysis of TCAS on Global Hawk using airspace encounter models
The U.S. Air Force's RQ-4 Global Hawk unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a high altitude, long endurance aircraft used for surveillance and reconnaissance. Because of the potential for close proximity to manned aircraft in ...
Billingsley, Thomas B. (Thomas Boyd)
A Variable Resolution Global Model Based upon Fourier and Finite Element Representation
We describe the development and preliminary testing of a numerical scheme designed to predict the global circulation which can also telescope into local subdomains of enhanced vertical and horizontal resolution. The accuracy of the method appears ...
Jan Paegle
Moral purpose, economic incentive and global trade : why new business models are needed
Globalization has occurred in various forms over the past century, yet only recently has it become daily news. This evolving process has created numerous underlying tensions that are not well understood. While western ...
Samel, Hiram M
NERSC Applications Software
For Users Software Applications Applications List of Applications List of math, chemistry and materials science software installed at NERSC. Mathematical Applications...
Software - Industrial Partnerships Office
Current Weather. Protocol Office. Where to stay. Tri-Valley Visitors Bureau. ... Browse (Search & Browse Software) our available software tools and let us know how we ...
Theory and Software
Theory and Software Home People Science Highlights Publications Seminars & Meetings Opportunities Advisory Committee Theory and Software Group (X-ray Science Division) The Theory...
Software | Argonne National Laboratory
Software robust, reliable software - the backbone of scientific research Argonne's Mathematics and Computer Science Division (MCS) has been a world leader in the development of...
NERSC Software Downloads
NERSC Software Downloads HPSS Software Downloads Accounts & Allocations Policies Data Analytics & Visualization Science Gateways User Surveys NERSC Users Group User Announcements...
Global tropospheric chemistry models for radiatively important trace species: Design and research recommendations
Changes in the Earth`s climate could significantly affect regional and global concentrations of trace species that are criteria pollutants regulated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The policy community also needs to know how changes in global natural and anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, particulate aerosols, and aerosol precursors will affect the distribution and concentration of these pollutants. This report maps out one path for obtaining this information.
Barchet, W.R.; Brothers, A.J.; Berkowitz, C.M.; Easter, R.C.; Ghan, S.J.; Saylor, R.D.
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Tools by Country - Canada
Canada Canada A C D E F H I M P R S V Tool Applications Free Recently Updated Athena Model life cycle assessment, environment, building materials, buildings Free software. CATALOGUE windows, fenestration, product information, thermal characteristics Free software. DAYSIM annual daylight simulations, electric lighting energy use, lighting controls Free software. Software has been updated. EE4 CBIP whole building performance, building incentives Free software. Software has been updated. EE4 CODE standards and code compliance, whole building energy performance Free software. Software has been updated. Energy Profile Tool benchmarking, energy efficiency screening, end-use energy analysis, building performance analysis, utility programs ENERPASS
A Stigmergy Approach for Open Source Software Developer Community Simulation
The stigmergy collaboration approach provides a hypothesized explanation about how online groups work together. In this research, we presented a stigmergy approach for building an agent based open source software (OSS) developer community collaboration simulation. We used group of actors who collaborate on OSS projects as our frame of reference and investigated how the choices actors make in contribution their work on the projects determinate the global status of the whole OSS projects. In our simulation, the forum posts and project codes served as the digital pheromone and the modified Pierre-Paul Grasse pheromone model is used for computing developer agent behaviors selection probability.
Cui, Xiaohui [ORNL; Beaver, Justin M [ORNL; Potok, Thomas E [ORNL; Pullum, Laura L [ORNL; Treadwell, Jim N [ORNL
IRIS & IDEA Software
IRIS & IDEA Software. IRIS - Immersive Runtime Interpreted Scenegraph. IRIS, the Interpreted Runtime Immersive Scenegraph ...
Applying software product lines to create customizable software-as-a-service applications
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) is a new delivery model, whose basic idea is to provide applications to the customer on demand over the Internet. In contrast to older approaches SaaS promotes multi-tenancy as a tool to exploit economies-of-scale. This means ... Keywords: SPL, SaaS, software product lines, software-as-a-service
Stefan T. Ruehl; Urs Andelfinger
MPS.BR: a successful program for software process improvement in Brazil
Software process improvement implementation based on software process reference models and standards is a complex and long-term endeavor that requires investment of large sums of money. These obstacles usually hinder organizations from implementing software ... Keywords: CMMI, ISO-IEC 15504, software process assessment model, software process reference model
Mariano Angel Montoni; Ana Regina Rocha; Kival Chaves Weber
Passive millimeter-wave retrieval of global precipitation utilizing satellites and a numerical weather prediction model
This thesis develops and validates the MM5/TBSCAT/F([lambda]) model, composed of a mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) model (MM5), a two-stream radiative transfer model (TBSCAT), and electromagnetic models for ...
Surussavadee, Chinnawat
Modeling global atmospheric CO2 with improved emission inventories and CO2 production from the oxidation of other carbon species
The use of global three-dimensional (3-D) models with satellite observations of CO2 in inverse modeling studies is an area of growing importance for understanding Earth s carbon cycle. Here we use the GEOS-Chem model (version 8-02-01) CO2 mode with multiple modifications in order to assess their impact on CO2 forward simulations. Modifications include CO2 surface emissions from shipping (0.19 PgC yr 1), 3-D spatially-distributed emissions from aviation (0.16 PgC yr 1), and 3-D chemical production of CO2 (1.05 PgC yr 1). Although CO2 chemical production from the oxidation of CO, CH4 and other carbon gases is recognized as an important contribution to global CO2, it is typically accounted for by conversion from its precursors at the surface rather than in the free troposphere. We base our model 3-D spatial distribution of CO2 chemical production on monthly-averaged loss rates of CO (a key precursor and intermediate in the oxidation of organic carbon) and apply an associated surface correction for inventories that have counted emissions of CO2 precursors as CO2. We also explore the benefit of assimilating satellite observations of CO into GEOS-Chem to obtain an observation-based estimate of the CO2 chemical source. The CO assimilation corrects for an underestimate of atmospheric CO abundances in the model, resulting in increases of as much as 24% in the chemical source during May June 2006, and increasing the global annual estimate of CO2 chemical production from 1.05 to 1.18 Pg C. Comparisons of model CO2 with measurements are carried out in order to investigate the spatial and temporal distributions that result when these new sources are added. Inclusion of CO2 emissions from shipping and aviation are shown to increase the global CO2 latitudinal gradient by just over 0.10 ppm (3%), while the inclusion of CO2 chemical production (and the surface correction) is shown to decrease the latitudinal gradient by about 0.40 ppm (10%) with a complex spatial structure generally resulting in decreased CO2 over land and increased CO2 over the oceans. Since these CO2 emissions are omitted or misrepresented in most inverse modeling work to date, their implementation in forward simulations should lead to improved inverse modeling estimates of terrestrial biospheric fluxes.
Nassar, Ray [University of Toronto; Jones, DBA [University of Toronto; Suntharalingam, P [University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Chen, j. [University of Toronto; Andres, Robert Joseph [ORNL; Wecht, K. J. [Harvard University; Yantosca, R. M. [Harvard University; Kulawik, SS [Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA; Bowman, K [Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA; Worden, JR [Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA; Machida, T [National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan; Matsueda, H [Meteorological Research Institute, Japan
Creating suites of models with system entity structure: global warming example
We describe how to develop a suite of models in the MS4 Modeling Environment. The approach employs the operation of merging of System Entity Structures supported by the environment. After construction, the suite of models can be hosted on Model Store, ... Keywords: component-based modeling, suite of models, system entity structure, systems of systems
Bernard P. Zeigler, Chungman Seo, Robert Coop, Doohwan Kim
Intelligent human interface based on mental cloning-based software
This paper reports on our experience in adapting emotional experiences of the software engineers in the evolutionary design of software systems. This paper represents the progress report on the development relative to the state of art needed to have ... Keywords: Cognitive modeling, Facial analysis, Human computer interaction, Intelligent software, Software development, Sound analysis
Hamido Fujita; Jun Hakura; Masaki Kurematu
Determining factors that affect long-term evolution in scientific application software
One of the characteristics of scientific application software is its long lifetime of active maintenance. There has been little software engineering research into the development characteristics of scientific software and into the factors that support ... Keywords: Characteristics of scientific software development, Empirical study, Long-term software evolution, Model of change, Scientific software
Diane Kelly
Estimates of the Global Water Budget and Its Annual Cycle Using Observational and Model Data
A brief review is given of research in the Climate Analysis Section at NCAR on the water cycle. Results are used to provide a new estimate of the global hydrological cycle for long-term annual means that includes estimates of the main reservoirs ...
Kevin E. Trenberth; Lesley Smith; Taotao Qian; Aiguo Dai; John Fasullo
and sequestration as natural gas prices rise. INTRODUCTION Heightened concerns about global climate change have were added to EPPA for 1) coal power generation with CCS (coal capture), 2) natural gas combined cycle pulverized coal technology and the 3 #12;advanced natural gas technology. Compared with the pulverized coal
High resolution simulation of the South Asian monsoon using a variable resolution global climate model
High resolution simulation of the South Asian monsoon using a variable resolution global climate understand regional aspects of the South Asian monsoon rainfall distribution and the interactions between monsoon circulation and precipitation. For this purpose, two sets of ten member realizations are produced
Hourdin, Chez Frédéric
Three-dimensional model for the global quality of a website
Websites quality is strategically important for organisations and for the satisfaction of their clients. In this paper we propose an innovative high-level structure for a global quality evaluation of a website. This structure is based in three main dimensions ...
�lvaro Rocha
A Technique for Global Monitoring of Net Solar Irradiance at the Ocean Surface. Part I: Model
An algorithm based on radiative transfer theory is presented to generate the first accurate, long-term (84- month) climatology of net surface solar irradiance over the global oceans from Nimbus-7 earth radiation budget (ERB) wide-field-of-view ...
Robert Frouin; Beth Chertock
An Open Source Thermodynamic Software and Database Structure ...
Abstract Scope, Calphad thermodynamic software and databases are ... Assessment of Thermodynamic Data by Physically-based Thermo-kinetic Modeling.
system, renewable energy system, planning and design software, modeling, simulation, energy usage, system performance, financial analysis, solar, wind, hydro, behavior...
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: Tools by Platform ...
Empirical support for global integrated assessment modeling: Productivity trends and technological change in developing countries' agriculture and electric power sectors
Integrated assessment (IA) modeling of climate policy is increasingly global in nature, with models incorporating regional disaggregation. The existing empirical basis for IA modeling, however, largely arises from research on industrialized economies. Given the growing importance of developing countries in determining long-term global energy and carbon emissions trends, filling this gap with improved statistical information on developing countries' energy and carbon-emissions characteristics is an important priority for enhancing IA modeling. Earlier research at LBNL on this topic has focused on assembling and analyzing statistical data on productivity trends and technological change in the energy-intensive manufacturing sectors of five developing countries, India, Brazil, Mexico, Indonesia, and South Korea. The proposed work will extend this analysis to the agriculture and electric power sectors in India, South Korea, and two other developing countries. They will also examine the impact of alternative model specifications on estimates of productivity growth and technological change for each of the three sectors, and estimate the contribution of various capital inputs--imported vs. indigenous, rigid vs. malleable-- in contributing to productivity growth and technological change. The project has already produced a data resource on the manufacturing sector which is being shared with IA modelers. This will be extended to the agriculture and electric power sectors, which would also be made accessible to IA modeling groups seeking to enhance the empirical descriptions of developing country characteristics. The project will entail basic statistical and econometric analysis of productivity and energy trends in these developing country sectors, with parameter estimates also made available to modeling groups. The parameter estimates will be developed using alternative model specifications that could be directly utilized by the existing IAMs for the manufacturing, agriculture, and electric power sectors.
Sathaye, Jayant A.
Implications for the creation of warm saline deep water: Late Paleocene reconstructions and global climate model simulations
A global warming trend began during the late Paleocene that culminated in the early Eocene with the highest global temperatures of the Cenozoic. We have reconstructed late Paleocene surfacial boundary conditions and modeled atmospheric conditions using the Goddard Institute for Space Studies general circulation model version II (GISS GCM II). These experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that warm saline deep water formed during the late paleocene and to understand atmospheric circulation near the beginning of a period of global warming. The warming is attributed primarily to increased sea surface temperatures at high latitudes. The sensitivity of the climate to ocean temperature was tested using two sea surface temperature distributions, each delimited latitudinally by oxygen isotope values, but with different east-west gradients. The simulations discussed here contain several features unique among warm climate experiments. The first experiment (P-1) used latitudinally constant (zonal) sea surface temperatures. The zonally distributed sea surface temperatures strengthen the general circulation of the atmosphere. In particular, Hadley Cell circulation is intensified, leading to extremes of precipitation in the equatorial region and extreme evaporation across subtropical oceans. The unusual results prompted a second experiment with modern east-west sea surface temperature gradients superimposed and referred to as P-Gradient (P-Grad). 84 refs., 10 figs., 4 tabs.
O`Connell, S. [Wesleyan Univ., Middletown, CT (United States); Chandler, M.A. [Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)]|[Goddard Inst. of Space Studies, New York, NY (United States); Ruedy, R. [Goddard Inst. of Space Studies, New York, NY (United States)
U. S. DOE petroleum software
Each year, the U.S. DOE sponsors a variety of petroleum-related research projects. Some of the past projects have resulted in development of software that is available free from the DOE's Bartlesville Project Office. This article gives an overview of the following DOE software: Black Oil Applied Simulation Tool I (BOAST II); EOR Predictive Models: CO{sub 2} Miscible Flood, Chemical Flood, Polymer Flood, In-Situ Combustion Steamflood; Horizontal/Slanted Well Model; and Miscible Applied Simulation Techniques (MASTER).
Schneider, C.E. (Conoco Inc. (US))
Moisture Flux Convergence in Regional and Global Climate Models: Implications for Droughts in the Southwestern United States Under Climate Change
The water cycle of the southwestern United States (SW) is dominated by winter storms that maintain a positive annual net precipitation. Analysis of the control and future climate from four pairs of regional and global climate models (RCMs and GCMs) shows that the RCMs simulate a higher fraction of transient eddy moisture fluxes because the hydrodynamic instabilities associated with flow over complex terrain are better resolved. Under global warming, this enables the RCMs to capture the response of transient eddies to increased atmospheric stability that allows more moisture to converge on the windward side of the mountains by blocking. As a result, RCMs simulate enhanced transient eddy moisture convergence in the SW compared to GCMs, although both robustly simulate drying due to enhanced moisture divergence by the divergent mean flow in a warmer climate. This enhanced convergence leads to reduced susceptibility to hydrological change in the RCMs compared to GCMs.
Gao, Yanhong; Leung, Lai-Yung R.; Salathe, E.; Dominguez, Francina; Nijssen, Bart; Lettenmaier, D. P.
Scientific Final Report: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: CONTINUOUS DYNAMIC GRID ADAPTATION IN A GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC MODEL: APPLICATION AND REFINEMENT
This project had goals of advancing the performance capabilities of the numerical general circulation model EULAG and using it to produce a fully operational atmospheric global climate model (AGCM) that can employ either static or dynamic grid stretching for targeted phenomena. The resulting AGCM combined EULAG's advanced dynamics core with the 'physics' of the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model (CAM). Effort discussed below shows how we improved model performance and tested both EULAG and the coupled CAM-EULAG in several ways to demonstrate the grid stretching and ability to simulate very well a wide range of scales, that is, multi-scale capability. We leveraged our effort through interaction with an international EULAG community that has collectively developed new features and applications of EULAG, which we exploited for our own work summarized here. Overall, the work contributed to over 40 peer-reviewed publications and over 70 conference/workshop/seminar presentations, many of them invited.
William J. Gutowski; Joseph M. Prusa, Piotr K. Smolarkiewicz
Engineering secure software
In recent years computer software has gained notoriety for the endemic nature of security problems in software. These problems have been exploited with malicious intent by attackers. Most attempts at fixing these problems have been after-the-fact fixes in the form of software patches. The root causes for security problems in software are explored. A survey of research attempts at engineering secure software is presented. The techniques discussed range from those that are very similar to classical software engineering, to those that may be used in analyses of security requirements, as well as tools that can help engineer secure software. The survey classifies the approaches as process-oriented and as tools-oriented. The current approaches are incomplete in nature. They seem to address the security problem in parts and not in the whole. A comprehensive methodology, integrated with evolutionary software engineering practices is presented. The methodology combines both process and tools oriented approaches to construct secure software.
Jetly, Prateek
Assessment of Physical Parameterizations Using a Global Climate Model with Stretchable Grid and Nudging
The Laboratoire de M�t�orologie Dynamique atmospheric general circulation model with zooming capability (LMDZ) has been used in a nudged mode to enable comparison of model outputs with routine observations and evaluate the model physical ...
O. Coindreau; F. Hourdin; M. Haeffelin; A. Mathieu; C. Rio
GFDL's CM2 Global Coupled Climate Models. Part IV: Idealized Climate Response
The climate response to idealized changes in the atmospheric CO2 concentration by the new GFDL climate model (CM2) is documented. This new model is very different from earlier GFDL models in its parameterizations of subgrid-scale physical ...
R. J. Stouffer; A. J. Broccoli; T. L. Delworth; K. W. Dixon; R. Gudgel; I. Held; R. Hemler; T. Knutson; Hyun-Chul Lee; M. D. Schwarzkopf; B. Soden; M. J. Spelman; M. Winton; Fanrong Zeng
Structural Time Series Models and Trend Detection in Global and Regional Temperature Series
A unified statistical approach to identify suitable structural time series models for annual mean temperature is proposed. This includes a generalized model that can represent all the commonly used structural time series models for trend ...
Xiaogu Zheng; Reid E. Basher
Processes for Software in Safety Critical Systems
Two complementary standards are compared, both of which are concerned with the production of quality software. One, IEC 61508, is concerned with the safety of software intensive systems and the other, ISO/IEC TR 15504, takes a process view of software capability assessment. The standards are independent, though both standards build on ISO/IEC 12207. The paper proposes a correspondence between the safety integrity levels (SILs) of 61508 and the capability levels (CLs) of 15504, and considers the appropriateness of the 15504 reference model as a framework for assessing safety critical software processes. Empirical work from the SPICE trials and COCOMO II is used to support the arguments of the paper as well as to investigate their consequences. The development of a 15504 compatible assessment model for software in safety critical systems is proposed. Keywords Process assessment, safety critical software, international standards 1
Benediktsson Hunter And; O Benediktsson; R B Hunter; A D Mcgettrick
GATE Air-Sea Interactions II: Numerical-Model Calculation of Regional Sea-Surface Temperature Fields Using the GATE Version III Gridded Global Data Set
The numerical model of air-sea interaction previously described in Brown et al. (1982), Pandolfo and Jacobs (1972) and Pandolfo (1969) is applied over a limited horizontal portion of the GATE III Gridded Global Data set (including continental ...
P. S. Brown Jr.; J. P. Pandolfo; G. D. Robinson
Southward Eddy Heat Transport Occurring along Southern Flanks of the Kuroshio Extension and the Gulf Stream in a 1/10� Global Ocean General Circulation Model
The present study investigates meridional heat transport induced by oceanic mesoscale variability in the World Ocean using a 1/10� global Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) running on the Earth Simulator. The results indicate prominent ...
Kunihiro Aoki; Shoshiro Minobe; Youichi Tanimoto; Yoshikazu Sasai
The Use of Global and Mesoscale Meteorological Model Data to Predict the Transport and Dispersion of Tracer Plumes over Washington, D.C.
The data from a yearlong tracer dispersion experiment over Washington, D.C., in 1984 were used to evaluate Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) dispersion model calculations using coarse global meteorological ...
Roland R. Draxler
Comparison of Short-Term and Long-Term Radiative Feedbacks and Variability in Twentieth-Century Global Climate Model Simulations
The climate sensitivity uncertainty of global climate models (GCMs) is partly due to the spread of individual feedbacks. One approach to constrain long-term climate sensitivity is to use the relatively short observational record, assuming there ...
Meghan M. Dalton; Karen M. Shell
Effect of Terrestrial and Marine Organic Aerosol on Regional and Global Climate: Model Development, Application, and Verification with Satellite Data
In this DOE project the improvements to parameterization of marine primary organic matter (POM) emissions, hygroscopic properties of marine POM, marine isoprene derived secondary organic aerosol (SOA) emissions, surfactant effects, new cloud droplet activation parameterization have been implemented into Community Atmosphere Model (CAM 5.0), with a seven mode aerosol module from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)�?�?�?¢�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?s Modal Aerosol Model (MAM7). The effects of marine aerosols derived from sea spray and ocean emitted biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) on microphysical properties of clouds were explored by conducting 10 year CAM5.0-MAM7 model simulations at a grid resolution 1.9�?�?�?�?�?�?�?°�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?2.5�?�?�?�?�?�?�?° with 30 vertical layers. Model-predicted relationship between ocean physical and biological systems and the abundance of CCN in remote marine atmosphere was compared to data from the A-Train satellites (MODIS, CALIPSO, AMSR-E). Model simulations show that on average, primary and secondary organic aerosol emissions from the ocean can yield up to 20% increase in Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) at 0.2% Supersaturation, and up to 5% increases in droplet number concentration of global maritime shallow clouds. Marine organics were treated as internally or externally mixed with sea salt. Changes associated with cloud properties reduced (absolute value) the model-predicted short wave cloud forcing from -1.35 Wm-2 to -0.25 Wm-2. By using different emission scenarios, and droplet activation parameterizations, this study suggests that addition of marine primary aerosols and biologically generated reactive gases makes an important difference in radiative forcing assessments. All baseline and sensitivity simulations for 2001 and 2050 using global-through-urban WRF/Chem (GU-WRF) were completed. The main objective of these simulations was to evaluate the capability of GU-WRF for an accurate representation of the global atmosphere by exploring the most accurate configuration of physics options in GWRF for global scale modeling in 2001 at a horizontal grid resolution of 1�?�?�?�?�?�?�?° x 1�?�?�?�?�?�?�?°. GU-WRF model output was evaluated using observational datasets from a variety of sources including surface based observations (NCDC and BSRN), model reanalysis (NCEP/ NCAR Reanalysis and CMAP), and remotely-sensed data (TRMM) to evaluate the ability of GU-WRF to simulate atmospheric variables at the surface as well as aloft. Explicit treatment of nanoparticles produced from new particle formation in GU-WRF/Chem-MADRID was achieved by expanding particle size sections from 8 to 12 to cover particles with the size range of 1.16 nm to 11.6 �?�?�?�?�?�?�?µm. Simulations with two different nucleation parameterizations were conducted for August 2002 over a global domain at a 4�?�?�?�?�?�?�?º by 5�?�?�?�?�?�?�?º horizontal resolution. The results are evaluated against field measurement data from the 2002 Aerosol Nucleation and Real Time Characterization Experiment (ANARChE) in Atlanta, Georgia, as well as satellite and reanalysis data. We have also explored the relationship between �?�?�?¢�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?clean marine�?�?�?¢�?�?�?�?�?�?�? aerosol optical properties and ocean surface wind speed using remotely sensed data from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) on board the CALIPSO satellite and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) on board the AQUA satellite. Detailed data analyses
Meskhidze, Nicholas; Zhang, Yang; Kamykowski, Daniel
Object-Oriented Energy, Climate, and Technology Systems (ObjECTS) Global
Object-Oriented Energy, Climate, and Technology Systems (ObjECTS) Global Object-Oriented Energy, Climate, and Technology Systems (ObjECTS) Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) Jump to: navigation, search LEDSGP green logo.png FIND MORE DIA TOOLS This tool is part of the Development Impacts Assessment (DIA) Toolkit from the LEDS Global Partnership. Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Object-Oriented Energy, Climate, and Technology Systems (ObjECTS) Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) Agency/Company /Organization: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Maryland, Joint Global Change Research Institute Sector: Climate, Energy, Land Focus Area: Non-renewable Energy, Agriculture, Biomass, Forestry, Hydrogen, Transportation Topics: Co-benefits assessment, Pathways analysis Resource Type: Software/modeling tools User Interface: Desktop Application
Global Modeling of Land Water and Energy Balances. Part I: The Land Dynamics (LaD) Model
A simple model of large-scale land (continental) water and energy balances is presented. The model is an extension of an earlier scheme with a record of successful application in climate modeling. The most important changes from the original ...
P. C. D. Milly; A. B. Shmakin
The Corporate Software Bank
The Corporate Software Bank is the implementation of an idea borne of many hours spent installing and maintaining public domain UNIX software tools and many hours spent trying to explain the process to other UNIX workstation administrators. The Corporate ...
Steven W. Lodin
Quantifying software quality
In Software Quality Assurance the quality of the program must be defined in practical and measurable terms. This is accomplished by first standardizing the error reporting technique, identifying the types and frequency of occurrence of software errors ...
Kenneth S. Hendis
Software | M2ACS
Software Algorithm design, high-performance computing and advanced numerical simulations are at the core M2ACS mission. Below is a list of software packages developed or supported...
REScheck Software User's Guide
REScheck Software REScheck Software User's Guide Building Energy Codes Program Table Of Contents Overview ................................................................................... 1 Tutorials ................................................................................. 2 Table Columns and Rows ............................................................. 3 Rows ...................................................................................... 3 Columns ................................................................................. 5 Project Information ..................................................................... 7 Location.................................................................................. 7 Project Type (2006 IECC) ..........................................................