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TransAtlantic Petroleum | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
TransAtlantic Petroleum TransAtlantic Petroleum Jump to: navigation, search Logo: TransAtlantic Petroleum Name TransAtlantic Petroleum Address 5910 N. Central Expressway Place Dallas, Texas Zip 75206 Product acquisition, development, exploration, and production of crude oil and natural gas. Stock Symbol TAT Year founded 1985 Phone number 214-220-4323 Website http://www.transatlanticpetrol Coordinates 32.837335°, -96.777462° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":32.837335,"lon":-96.777462,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Trans-Atlantic Workshop on Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical Materials for a Clean Energy Future
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
Trans-Atlantic Workshop on Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical Materials
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Trans-Atlantic Workshop on Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical Trans-Atlantic Workshop on Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical Materials for a Clean Energy Future Trans-Atlantic Workshop on Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical Materials for a Clean Energy Future December 3, 2010 Session A: Setting the Scene - Critical Materials for a Clean Energy Future Diana Bauer, Office of Policy and International Affairs, U.S. Department of Energy, Highlights of the DOE Critical Materials Strategy Antje Wittenberg, Directorate General for Enterprise and Industry, The EU Raw Materials Initiative and the Report of the Ad-hoc Group (tbc) Tom Lograsso, Ames Laboratory (Iowa State University), Future Directions in Rare Earth Research: Critical Materials for 21st Century Industry Derk Bol, Materials Innovation Institute M2i (Netherlands) M2i, Material
Optimization study of a trans-Atlantic abort for the U.S. space shuttle using a pseudospectral Legendre method
E-Print Network (OSTI)
The problem of performance optimization for a trans-Atlantic shuttle abort is considered. At five points during the second stage of ascent, a failure of a main engine occurs, which necessitates an abort from the nominal ...
Taylor, Christine P. (Christine Pia), 1979-
Tight Product Balance Pushes Up Product Spread (Spot Product - Crude
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
5 5 Notes: Gasoline inventories indicate how tight the gasoline product market is in any one region. When the gasoline market is tight, it affects the portion of gasoline price is the spread between spot product price and crude oil price. Note that in late 1998-and early 1999 spreads were very small when inventories were quite high. Contrast summers of 1998 or 1999 with summer 2000. Last summer's tight markets, resulting low stocks and transition to Phase 2 RFG added price pressure over and above the already high crude price pressure on gasoline -- particularly in the Midwest. As we ended last winter, gasoline inventories were low, and the spread between spot prices and crude oil were higher than typical as a result. Inventories stayed well below average and the spread during the
Tight Product Balance Pushes Up Product Spread (Spot Product...
1 Notes: To reinforce the impact that inventory levels (I.e., tight markets) have on price, note the variation in spot gasoline prices relative to crude oil prices, as shown by the...
Spot Prices for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
Spot Prices Spot Prices (Crude Oil in Dollars per Barrel, Products in Dollars per Gallon) Period: Daily Weekly Monthly Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes Product by Area 12/09/13 12/10/13 12/11/13 12/12/13 12/13/13 12/16/13 View History Crude Oil WTI - Cushing, Oklahoma 97.1 98.32 97.25 97.21 96.27 97.18 1986-2013 Brent - Europe 110.07 108.91 109.47 108.99 108.08 110.3 1987-2013 Conventional Gasoline New York Harbor, Regular 2.677 2.698 2.670 2.643 2.639 2.650 1986-2013 U.S. Gulf Coast, Regular 2.459 2.481 2.429 2.398 2.377 2.422 1986-2013 RBOB Regular Gasoline Los Angeles 2.639 2.661 2.569 2.543 2.514 2.527 2003-2013 No. 2 Heating Oil New York Harbor
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Product by Area: May-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 Oct-13 View History; Crude Oil : WTI - Cushing, Oklahoma: 94.51: 95.77: 104.67: 106.57: 106.29: 100.54: 1986-2013 ...
Microscopic Analysis of Agriculture Products, 4th EditionChapter 9 Microchemical Spot Tests
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
Microscopic Analysis of Agriculture Products, 4th Edition Chapter 9 Microchemical Spot Tests Methods and Analyses eChapters Methods - Analyses Books AOCS 6C2FB81BF33EA47CEF1B98AD0BE2A9CB Press Downloadable pdf...
We analyze light curves obtained by the Trans-atlantic Exoplanet Survey (TrES) for a field centered on the L1495 dark cloud in Taurus. The Spitzer Taurus Legacy Survey catalog identifies 179 bona fide Taurus members within the TrES field; 48 of the known Taurus members are detected by TrES, as well as 26 candidate members identified by the Spitzer Legacy team. We quantify the variability of each star in our sample using the ratio of the standard deviation of the original light curve ({sigma}{sub orig.}) to the standard deviation of a light curve that has been smoothed by 9 or 1001 epochs ({sigma}{sub 9} and {sigma}{sub 1001}, respectively). Known Taurus members typically demonstrate ({sigma}{sub orig.}/{sigma}{sub 9}) light curves dominated by unstructured white noise. Of the 74 Taurus members/candidates with TrES light curves, we detect significant variability in 49 sources. Adapting a quantitative metric originally developed to assess the reliability of transit detections, we measure the amount of red and white noise in each light curve and identify 18 known or candidate Taurus members with highly significant period measurements. These appear to be the first periods measured for four of these sources (HD 282276, CX Tau, FP Tau, TrES J042423+265008), and in two other cases, the first non-aliased periods (LkCa 21 and DK Tau AB). For the remainder, the TrES measurements typically agree very well ({delta}P < 1%) with previously reported values. Including periods measured at lower confidence for 15 additional sources, we report periods for 11 objects where no previous periods were found, including 8 confirmed Taurus members. We also identify 10 of the 26 candidate Taurus members that demonstrate variability levels consistent with being bona fide T Tauri stars. A Kolomgorov-Smirnov (K-S) test confirms that these new periods confirm the distinction between the rotation period distributions of stars with and without circumstellar disks, with only a 10% probability of the two populations sharing the same parent period distribution. K-S tests do suggest, however, that the updated Taurus period distribution now more closely resembles those measured in other young star-forming clusters (i.e., NGC 2264, NGC 6530, and the ONC). This improved agreement may reflect the exclusion of long rotation periods which are detected in Taurus at lower significance, and which may be beyond the limits of detectability in more distant star-forming regions.
Xiao Hongyu; Covey, Kevin R.; Lloyd, James P. [Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, 226 Space Sciences Building, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); Rebull, Luisa [Spitzer Science Center/Caltech, M/S 220-6, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Charbonneau, David [Department of Astronomy, Harvard University, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Mandushev, Georgi [Lowell Observatory, 1400 West Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 (United States); O'Donovan, Francis; Slesnick, Catherine [Astronomy Department, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)
ClearSpot Energy | Open Energy Information
Energy Jump to: navigation, search Name ClearSpot Energy Sector Solar Product US-based solar project developer for rooftop commercial installations. References ClearSpot...
Spotted Inflation
We describe new scenarios of generating curvature perturbations when inflaton (curvaton) has significant interactions. We consider a ``spot'', which arises from interactions associated with enhanced symmetric point (ESP) on the trajectory. Our first example uses the spot to induce a gap to the field equation. We observe that the gap in the field equation may cause generation of curvature perturbation if it appears not simultaneous in space. The mechanism is similar to the scenario of inhomogeneous phase transition. Then we observe that the spot interactions may initiate warm inflation in the cold Universe. Creation of cosmological perturbation is discussed in relation to the inflaton dynamics and the modulation associated with the spot interactions.
Tomohiro Matsuda
Cushing, OK WTI Spot Price FOB (Dollars per Barrel)
View History: Daily Weekly Monthly Annual : Download Data (XLS File) Cushing, OK ... Spot Prices for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products ...
Europe Brent Spot Price FOB (Dollars per Barrel)
View History: Daily Weekly Monthly Annual : Download Data (XLS File) Europe ... Spot Prices for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products ...
Weekly Cushing, OK WTI Spot Price FOB (Dollars per Barrel)
Weekly Cushing, OK WTI Spot Price FOB (Dollars per Barrel) Year-Month Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 ... Spot Prices for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products ...
Europe Brent Spot Price FOB (Dollars per Barrel) Decade Year-0 Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 ... Spot Prices for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products ...
Natural Gas Spot Price Outlook
7 of 17 7 of 17 Notes: Despite signs that domestic natural gas production has begun to turn around (the Texas Railroad Commission now reports year-to-date (through Sep.) gains in Texas gas production of 1.2 percent, compared to a 4.7-percent decline for the same months in 1999 versus 1998) the reality of the U.S. gas market is that supply responses have been too little, too late to prevent record-high spot prices and prospects for very high average prices this winter. We now expect to see peak monthly spot wellhead prices this winter of over $6.00 per thousand cubic feet (mcf) (December). Last month we maintained confidence that conditions would improve enough to keep the $5.10 per mcf recorded in October as the peak for this heating season. With partial data available, a monthly average value of about $5.60 per mcf looks likely for
Utility spot pricing, California
The objective of the present spot pricing study carried out for SCE and PG&E is to develop the concepts which wculd lead to an experimental design for spot pricing in the two utilities. The report suggests a set of experiments ...
Schweppe, Fred C.
Discriminative keyword spotting
This paper proposes a new approach for keyword spotting, which is based on large margin and kernel methods rather than on HMMs. Unlike previous approaches, the proposed method employs a discriminative learning procedure, in which the learning phase aims ... Keywords: Discriminative models, Keyword spotting, Large margin and kernel methods, Speech recognition, Spoken term detection, Support vector machines
Joseph Keshet; David Grangier; Samy Bengio
White Spots in Superalloys
Also, a brief description of detection methods ... (EDS) Analysis of the Discrete White Spot in the Alloy ..... 400�C (750'99, Load Control, R Ratio = 0. 164 .... Electric. 7. Reported at May, 1992 White Spots Workshop by S. Besse of SNECMA. 8.
Release Date: 10/9/2013: Next Release Date: 10/17/2013: Referring Pages: Spot Prices for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products
Spot natural gas prices at Marcellus trading point reflect ...
Daily natural gas spot prices between Tennessee Gas Pipeline ... Dry natural gas production in Pennsylvania, a key part of the Marcellus supply basin, ...
Spot Distillate & Crude Oil Prices
Retail distillate prices follow the spot distillate markets, and crude oil prices have been the main driver behind distillate spot price increases until recently.
Natural Gas Spot Prices:
4 of 26 4 of 26 Notes: Spot wellhead prices last summer averaged well over $4.00 per thousand cubic feet during a normally low-price season. During the fall, these prices stayed above $5.00 per thousand cubic feet, more than double the year-ago average price. In January, the spot wellhead price averaged a record $8.98 per thousand cubic feet. Spot prices at the wellhead have never been this high for such a prolonged period. The chief reason for these sustained high gas prices was, and still is, uneasiness about the supply situation. Concern about the adequacy of winter supplies loomed throughout most of the summer and fall as storage levels remained significantly depressed. Last December, the most severe assumptions about low storage levels became real, when the spot price
Resistance Spot Welding
...or more sheetmetal stampings that do not require gas-tight or liquid-tight joints can be more economically joined by high-speed RSW than by mechanical methods. Containers frequently are spot welded. The attachment of
Reactor hot spot analysis
SciTech Connect
The principle methods for performing reactor hot spot analysis are reviewed and examined for potential use in the Applied Physics Division. The semistatistical horizontal method is recommended for future work and is now available as an option in the SE2-ANL core thermal hydraulic code. The semistatistical horizontal method is applied to a small LMR to illustrate the calculation of cladding midwall and fuel centerline hot spot temperatures. The example includes a listing of uncertainties, estimates for their magnitudes, computation of hot spot subfactor values and calculation of two sigma temperatures. A review of the uncertainties that affect liquid metal fast reactors is also presented. It was found that hot spot subfactor magnitudes are strongly dependent on the reactor design and therefore reactor specific details must be carefully studied. 13 refs., 1 fig., 5 tabs.
Vilim, R.B.
Wholesale/Spot Henry Hub Spot Price ........
Wholesale/Spot Wholesale/Spot Henry Hub Spot Price ........ 2.52 2.35 2.97 3.50 3.59 4.13 3.66 3.83 3.92 3.67 3.92 4.08 2.83 3.81 3.90 Residential New England ...................... 13.08 14.05 16.86 13.62 13.05 13.88 17.27 14.17 14.04 15.15 18.40 15.22 13.73 13.84 14.91 Middle Atlantic .................... 11.34 13.46 16.92 11.76 10.98 13.32 17.88 13.58 12.80 14.60 18.94 14.39 12.20 12.56 13.95 E. N. Central ...................... 8.30 10.68 15.52 8.57 7.74 10.79 15.82 9.37 8.80 11.38 17.13 10.31 9.20 9.15 10.13 W. N. Central ..................... 8.45 11.99 16.39 9.08 8.10 10.47 17.24 9.38 8.79 11.27 17.99 10.23 9.60 9.35 10.11 S. Atlantic ........................... 12.37 17.68 22.08 12.24 11.10 15.05 22.27 13.49 12.56 18.03 24.66 14.95 13.71 13.12 14.77 E. S. Central ....................... 10.26 14.69 17.56 10.41 9.25 12.36 18.26 11.50
Sourcing Flexibility, Spot Trading, and Procurement Contract Structure
We analyze the structure and pricing of option contracts for an industrial good in the presence of spot trading. We combine the analysis of spot trading and buyers' disparate private valuations for different suppliers' products, and we jointly endogenize ... Keywords: contract pricing, procurement, supply chain management
Pamela Pen-Erh Pei; David Simchi-Levi; Tunay I. Tunca
Small Spot, Brighter Beam
Small Spot, Brighter Beam Small Spot, Brighter Beam Small Spot, Brighter Beam Print Do you notice the brighter beam? During the most recent shutdown, all of the corrector magnets were replaced with sextupoles, reducing the horizontal emittance and increasing beam brightness. "This is part of ongoing improvement to keep the ALS on the cutting edge," says Alastair MacDowell, a beamline scientist on Beamline 12.2.2. The brightness has increased by a factor of about three in the storage ring. Beamlines on superbend or center-bend magnets will see the most noticeable increase in brightness, but the horizontal beam size and divergence have been substantially reduced at all beamlines. "We are starting to approach the resolution of many beamlines. Therefore, not every beamline will be able to resolve the full improvement," says Christoph Steier, project leader of the brightness upgrade. Though superbend and center-bend magnet source sizes are reduced by roughly a factor of three, "measured improvements so far range from a factor of 2-2.5," Steier says. He and MacDowell agree that the beamline optics are likely the limiting factor in resolving the full improvement at the beamlines.
Average Weekly Propane Spot Prices
7 Notes: Propane spot prices at the major trading hubs remained relatively close through October 2000, but uncoupled in California as natural gas prices rose rapidly during...
How to spot a nuke
How to spot a nuke How to spot a nuke 1663 Los Alamos science and technology magazine Latest Issue:November 2013 All Issues » submit How to spot a nuke Neutrons set loose by a high-power laser can identify illicit nuclear materials inside closed containers. November 25, 2013 How to spot a nuke Could you identify dangerous nuclear materials inside this box if it weren't labeled? We can. Laser-driven blast of neutrons reveals concealed nuclear bomb materials Los Alamos scientists recently demonstrated a new laser-based technique for producing a burst of neutrons capable of revealing the presence of illicit nuclear materials, such as plutonium. "No one knew it could actually be done," said Andrea Favalli, one of the team leaders, "until we worked out the details, fabricated the parts, and performed the test." The
Utility spot pricing study : Wisconsin
Spot pricing covers a range of electric utility pricing structures which relate the marginal costs of electric generation to the prices seen by utility customers. At the shortest time frames prices change every five ...
Caramanis, Michael C.
19 Notes: Propane spot prices at the major trading hubs remained relatively close through the fall of 2000, even as they were pushed higher by rapidly rising natural gas prices....
9 Notes: Propane spot prices at the major trading hubs remained relatively close through the fall of 2000, even as they were pushed higher by rapidly rising natural gas prices....
Translation spotting for translation memories
The term translation spotting (TS) refers to the task of identifying the target-language (TL) words that correspond to a given set of source-language (SL) words in a pair of text segments known to be mutual translations. This article examines ...
Michel Simard
BAE SYSTEMS MIKE TURNER ON SPOTTING YOUNG TALENT AND THE GROWTH OF HIS BUSINESS Success stories? Surely, it is about making lots of money, gaining power, status and prestige, and then using this wealth, the extinction of many animal and plant species, and global warming demonstrated that the raw materials
Parametric and non-parametric approaches in evaluating martingale hypothesis of energy spot markets
This study examined the martingale hypothesis in the spot prices of the petroleum products markets. Under the parametric and non-parametric variance ratio tests, the independent and identically distributed increments and less restrictive martingale increments ... Keywords: Energy spot markets, Financial time series, Martingale process, Structural break, Variance ratio test
Chin Wen Cheong
mid-January, 2000. WTI crude oil price rose about $17 per mid-January, 2000. WTI crude oil price rose about $17 per barrel or 40 cents per gallon from its low point in mid February 1999 to January 17, 2000. Over this same time period, New York Harbor spot heating oil had risen about 42 cents per gallon, reflecting both the crude price rise and the beginning of a return to a more usual seasonal spread over the price of crude oil. The week ending January 21, distillate spot prices in the Northeast spiked dramatically to record levels, closing on Friday at $1.26 per gallon -- up 50 cents from the prior week. Gulf Coast prices were not spiking, but were probably pulled higher as the New York Harbor market began to draw on product from other areas. They closed at 83 cents per gallon, an increase of 11 cents from the prior Friday. Crude oil had risen about 4 cents from
HotSpot | Department of Energy
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
HotSpot HotSpot HotSpot Current Central Registry Toolbox Version(s): 2.07.1 Code Owner: Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Operations and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Description: The HotSpot Health Physics Code is used for safety-analysis of DOE facilities handling nuclear material. Additionally, HotSpot provides emergency response personnel and emergency planners with a fast, field-portable set of software tools for evaluating incidents involving radioactive material. HotSpot provides a fast and usually conservative means for estimation of the radiation effects associated with atmospheric release of radioactive materials. The HotSpot atmospheric dispersion models are designed for near-surface releases, short-range (less than 10 km) dispersion, and short-term (less than 24 hours) release durations in
A procedure to determine the planar integral spot dose values of proton pencil beam spots
Purpose: Planar integral spot dose (PISD) of proton pencil beam spots (PPBSs) is a required input parameter for beam modeling in some treatment planning systems used in proton therapy clinics. The measurement of PISD by using commercially available large area ionization chambers, like the PTW Bragg peak chamber (BPC), can have large uncertainties due to the size limitation of these chambers. This paper reports the results of our study of a novel method to determine PISD values from the measured lateral dose profiles and peak dose of the PPBS. Methods: The PISDs of 72.5, 89.6, 146.9, 181.1, and 221.8 MeV energy PPBSs were determined by area integration of their planar dose distributions at different depths in water. The lateral relative dose profiles of the PPBSs at selected depths were measured by using small volume ion chambers and were investigated for their angular anisotropies using Kodak XV films. The peak spot dose along the beam's central axis (D{sub 0}) was determined by placing a small volume ion chamber at the center of a broad field created by the superposition of spots at different locations. This method allows eliminating positioning uncertainties and the detector size effect that could occur when measuring it in single PPBS. The PISD was then calculated by integrating the measured lateral relative dose profiles for two different upper limits of integration and then multiplying it with corresponding D{sub 0}. The first limit of integration was set to radius of the BPC, namely 4.08 cm, giving PISD{sub RBPC}. The second limit was set to a value of the radial distance where the profile dose falls below 0.1% of the peak giving the PISD{sub full}. The calculated values of PISD{sub RBPC} obtained from area integration method were compared with the BPC measured values. Long tail dose correction factors (LTDCFs) were determined from the ratio of PISD{sub full}/PISD{sub RBPC} at different depths for PPBSs of different energies. Results: The spot profiles were found to have angular anisotropy. This anisotropy in PPBS dose distribution could be accounted in a reasonable approximate manner by taking the average of PISD values obtained using the in-line and cross-line profiles. The PISD{sub RBPC} values fall within 3.5% of those measured by BPC. Due to inherent dosimetry challenges associated with PPBS dosimetry, which can lead to large experimental uncertainties, such an agreement is considered to be satisfactory for validation purposes. The PISD{sub full} values show differences ranging from 1 to 11% from BPC measured values, which are mainly due to the size limitation of the BPC to account for the dose in the long tail regions of the spots extending beyond its 4.08 cm radius. The dose in long tail regions occur both for high energy beams such as 221.8 MeV PPBS due to the contributions of nuclear interactions products in the medium, and for low energy PPBS because of their larger spot sizes. The calculated LTDCF values agree within 1% with those determined by the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Conclusions: The area integration method to compute the PISD from PPBS lateral dose profiles is found to be useful both to determine the correction factors for the values measured by the BPC and to validate the results from MC simulations.
Anand, Aman; Sahoo, Narayan; Zhu, X. Ronald; Sawakuchi, Gabriel O.; Poenisch, Falk; Amos, Richard A.; Ciangaru, George; Titt, Uwe; Suzuki, Kazumichi; Mohan, Radhe; Gillin, Michael T. [Department of Radiation Physics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Box 1150, Houston, Texas 77030 (United States)
West Texas Intermediate Spot Average ............................
Crude Oil (dollars per barrel) Crude Oil (dollars per barrel) West Texas Intermediate Spot Average ............................ 102.88 93.42 92.24 87.96 94.34 94.10 105.84 96.30 95.67 95.33 95.67 93.33 94.12 97.64 95.00 Brent Spot Average ........................................................... 118.49 108.42 109.61 110.09 112.49 102.58 110.27 108.29 106.33 105.00 103.00 102.00 111.65 108.41 104.08 Imported Average .............................................................. 108.14 101.18 97.18 97.64 98.71 97.39 103.07 100.03 99.64 99.33 99.69 97.35 101.09 99.85 99.04 Refiner Average Acquisition Cost ...................................... 107.61 101.44 97.38 97.27 101.14 99.45 105.24 100.44 100.15 99.82 100.18 97.83 100.83 101.61 99.50 Liquid Fuels (cents per gallon) Refiner Prices for Resale Gasoline .........................................................................
Detecting urbanization changes using SPOT5
An automatic system to estimate the urbanization changes on the Belgian territory, using SPOT5 images and the National Geographic Institute vectorial database is proposed. The images and the vectorial data are first co-registered. Then, the vectorial ... Keywords: Built-up area detection, Cartography, Change detection, SPOT5
V. Lacroix; M. Idrissa; A. Hincq; H. Bruynseels; O. Swartenbroekx
HotSpot Software Configuration Management Plan
This Software Configuration Management Plan (SCMP) describes the software configuration management procedures used to ensure that the HotSpot dispersion model meets the requirements of its user base, which includes: (1) Users of the PC version of HotSpot for consequence assessment, hazard assessment and safety analysis calculations; and (2) Users of the NARAC Web and iClient software tools, which allow users to run HotSpot for consequence assessment modeling These users and sponsors of the HotSpot software and the organizations they represent constitute the intended audience for this document. This plan is intended to meet Critical Recommendations 1 and 3 from the Software Evaluation of HotSpot and DOE Safety Software Toolbox Recommendation for inclusion of HotSpot in the Department of Energy (DOE) Safety Software Toolbox. HotSpot software is maintained for the Department of Energy Office of Emergency Operations by the National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center (NARAC) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). An overview of HotSpot and NARAC are provided.
Walker, H; Homann, S G
Optimal Personal Comfort Management Using SPOT+
We present SPOT+, a system that allows office workers to optimally balance between heating energy consumption and personal thermal comfort. In prior work, we described SPOT: a smart personal thermal control system based on reactive control [8]. In contrast, ... Keywords: Energy management
Peter Xiang Gao, S. Keshav
Forecasting Crude Oil Spot Price Using OECD Petroleum Inventory
Forecasting Forecasting Crude Oil Spot Price Using OECD Petroleum Inventory Levels MICHAEL YE, ∗ JOHN ZYREN, ∗∗ AND JOANNE SHORE ∗∗ Abstract This paper presents a short-term monthly forecasting model of West Texas Intermedi- ate crude oil spot price using OECD petroleum inventory levels. Theoretically, petroleum inventory levels are a measure of the balance, or imbalance, between petroleum production and demand, and thus provide a good market barometer of crude oil price change. Based on an understanding of petroleum market fundamentals and observed market behavior during the post-Gulf War period, the model was developed with the objectives of being both simple and practical, with required data readily available. As a result, the model is useful to industry and government decision-makers in forecasting price and investigat- ing the impacts of changes on price, should inventories,
Average wholesale spot natural gas prices rose across the country ...
Wholesale spot natural gas prices rose across the country in 2010. Average spot natural gas prices at the Henry Hub�a key benchmark location for pricing throughout ...
5 5 Notes: Retail distillate prices follow the spot distillate markets, and crude oil prices have been the main driver behind distillate spot price increases until recently. Crude oil rose about 36 cents per gallon from its low point in mid February 1999 to the middle of January 2000. Over this same time period, New York Harbor spot heating oil had risen about 42 cents per gallon, reflecting both the crude price rise and a return to a more usual seasonal spread over the price of crude oil. The week ending January 21, heating oil spot prices in the Northeast spiked dramatically to record levels, closing on Friday at $1.26 per gallon -- up 50 cents from the prior week. Gulf Coast prices were not spiking, but were probably pulled slightly higher as the New York Harbor market began to
Building Energy Software Tools Directory: SPOT
SPOT SPOT SPOT screen image Quantifies existing or intended electric lighting performance, evaluate annual daylighting characteristics and help establish the optimal photosensor placement in a given space relative to annual performance and annual energy savings. The Sensor Placement and Optimization Tool, or SPOT, was developed with classroom daylighting in mind, but can be used for all types of spaces. Screen Shots Keywords daylighting, electric lighting, photosensor, energy savings Validation/Testing Various individuals have tested the software. Testing and validation continues. Documentation of the test and validation results are available on the web site. Expertise Required Energy engineering or lighting design background is helpful for analysis of results. A working familiarity with Excel may be helpful, but it is not
2013 ORNL Audio Spots | ornl.gov
3 2013 ORNL Audio Spots 1-10 of 26 Results Prev 123 Next ORNL working to strengthen seals for nuclear containers OAK RIDGE, Tenn., Dec. 19, 2013 - The Department of Energy's Oak...
Natural Gas Spot Prices: - Energy Information Administration
Spot wellhead prices last summer averaged well over $4.00 per thousand cubic feet during a normally low-price season. During the fall, these prices stayed above $5.00 ...
Measuring microfocus focal spots using digital radiography
Measurement of microfocus spot size can be important for several reasons: (1) Quality assurance during manufacture of microfocus tubes; (2) Tracking performance and stability of microfocus tubes; (3) Determining magnification (especially important for digital radiography where the native spatial resolution of the digital system is not adequate for the application); (4) Knowledge of unsharpness from the focal spot alone. The European Standard EN 12543-5 is based on a simple geometrical method of calculating focal spot size from unsharpness of high magnification film radiographs. When determining microfocus focal spot dimensions using unsharpness measurements both signal-to-noise (SNR) and magnification can be important. There is a maximum accuracy that is a function of SNR and therefore an optimal magnification. Greater than optimal magnification can be used but it will not increase accuracy.
Fry, David A [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Retail Price Changes Lag Spot Prices
1 1 Notes: While EIA cannot claim to explain all of the factors that drive retail gasoline prices, we have had a fair amount of success in exploring the relationship between wholesale and retail prices. In particular, we have looked closely at the "pass-through" of changes in spot prices to the retail market. This graph shows a weighted national average of spot prices for regular gasoline -both conventional and reformulated (shown in red), and EIA's weekly survey price for retail regular (again both conventional and reformulated). As you can see, spot prices tend to be more volatile (and would be even more so on a daily basis), while these changes are smoother by the time they reach the retail pump. Furthermore, by looking at the peaks, you can see the retail prices seem to lag the spot price changes
Trans-Atlantic, trans-Pacific and trans-Indian Ocean dispersal in
was born and raised in Manila, Philippines. Graduate of Maui High School in 1997, also a proud member- merce and also participated in the November 2009 Trade and Humanitarian Mission to the Philippines, one on Kauai and one on the Big Island. A graduate of Baldwin High School, Ryan received his Bachelors
Renner, Susanne
Trans-Atlantic Workshop on Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical...
on Critical Materials, ChairsAnimateurs: Jeff Skeer, DOE Office of Policy and International Affairs and Renzo Tomellini, EC Directorate General for Research and Innovation...
- Critical Materials for a Clean Energy Future Diana Bauer, Office of Policy and International Affairs, U.S. Department of Energy, Highlights of the DOE Critical Materials...
Chicago Gasoline - WTI Spot Spread - U.S. Energy Information ...
Chicago Gasoline - WTI Spot Spread. Previous slide: Next slide: Back to first slide: View graphic version
Strategic Spot Trading in Supply Chains
In a variety of industries ranging from agriculture to electronics and oil, procurement takes place through a combination of bilateral fixed-price contracts and open market trading among supply chain participants, which allows them to improve supply ... Keywords: demand and cost information, fixed-price contracts, procurement and supply chain, spot trading
Haim Mendelson; Tunay I. Tunca
Measuring microfocal spots using digital radiography
Measurement of microfocus spot size can be important for several reasons: (1) Quality assurance during manufacture of microfocus tubes; (2) Tracking performance and stability of microfocus tubes; (3) Determining magnification is especially important for digital radiography where the native spatial resolution of the digital system is not adequate for the application; and (4) Knowledge of unsharpness from the focal spot alone. The European Standard EN 12543-5 is based on a simple geometrical method of calculating focal spot size from unsharpness of high magnification film radiographs. The following equations are used for the focal spot size measurement: By similar triangles the following equations are presupposed: f/a = U/b and M = (a+b)/a. These equations can be combined to yield the well known expression: U = f(M - 1). Solving for f, f = U/(M-1). Therefore, the focal spot size, f, can be calculated by measuring the radiographic unsharpness and magnification of a known object. This is the basis for these tests. The European standard actually uses one-half of the unsharpness (which are then added together) from both sides of the object to avoid additional unsharpness contributions due to edge transmission unsharpness of the round test object (the outside of the object is measured). So the equation becomes f = (1/2 U{sub 1} + 1/2 U{sub 2})/(M-1). In practice 1/2 U is measured from the 50% to the 90% signal points on the transition profile from ''black'' to ''white,'' (positive image) or attenuated to unattenuated portion of the image. The 50% to 90% points are chosen as a best fit to an assumed Gaussian radiation distribution from the focal spot and to avoid edge transmission effects. 1/2 U{sub 1} + 1/2 U{sub 2} corresponds about to the full width at half height of a Gaussian focal spot. A highly absorbing material (Tungsten, Tungsten Alloy, or Platinum) is used for the object. Either wires or a sphere are used as the object to eliminate alignment issues. One possibility is to use the wires in the ASTM E2002 unsharpness gage and take two orthogonal images. The signal levels in the image need to be linear with radiation exposure and so may need conversion if a nonlinear detector is used to acquire the image.
Fry, David A [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Ewert, Uwe [BAM
Training Program EHS ~ 244: Resistance Spot Welding Safety Training
4: Resistance Spot Welding Safety Training 4: Resistance Spot Welding Safety Training Course Syllabus Subject Category: Resistance Spot Welding Course Prerequisite: None Course Length: 25 minutes Medical Approval: No Delivery Mode: Web-Based Course Goal: Participants will be introduced to resistance spot welding processes, hazards, and safe work practices. Course Objectives: By the end of this course, you will be able to: * Identify resistance spot welding processes * Identify hazards, safe work practices, and personal protective equipment associated with resistance spot welding * Recognize the purpose of resistance spot welding schedules * Locate resistance spot welding schedule Subject Matter Expert: Joe Dionne x 7586 Training Compliance: 29 CFR 1910 Subparts O & Z, 29 CFR 1926 Subparts J & Z
Figure 86. Annual average Henry Hub spot natural gas prices ...
Sheet3 Sheet2 Sheet1 Figure 86. Annual average Henry Hub spot natural gas prices, 1990-2040 (2011 dollars per million Btu) Henry Hub Spot Price 1990.00
... the spot price of natural gas at the TGP Zone 4 Marcellus trading point has fallen�at times considerably�below the spot price at Henry Hub in Louisiana, ...
The fractal nature of vacuum arc cathode spots
plasma-emitting) spot fragment will increase its area in time (~10-100 ns timescale) due to heat conduction,
Anders, Andre
Spot Ventilation: Source Control to Improve Indoor Air Quality
Fact sheet for homeowners and contractors on how to employ spot ventilation in the home for comfort and safety.
Lexicon-free handwritten word spotting using character HMMs
For retrieving keywords from scanned handwritten documents, we present a word spotting system that is based on character Hidden Markov Models. In an efficient lexicon-free approach, arbitrary keywords can be spotted without pre-segmenting text lines ... Keywords: Handwriting recognition, Hidden Markov Models, Keyword spotting
Andreas Fischer; Andreas Keller; Volkmar Frinken; Horst Bunke
Automated Spot Weld Inspection using Infrared Thermography
An automated non-contact and non-destructive resistance spot weld inspection system based on infrared (IR) thermography was developed for post-weld applications. During inspection, a weld coupon was heated up by an auxiliary induction heating device from one side of the weld, while the resulting thermal waves on the other side were observed by an IR camera. The IR images were analyzed to extract a thermal signature based on normalized heating time, which was then quantitatively correlated to the spot weld nugget size. The use of normalized instead of absolute IR intensity was found to be useful in minimizing the sensitivity to the unknown surface conditions and environment interference. Application of the IR-based inspection system to different advanced high strength steels, thickness gauges and coatings were discussed.
Chen, Jian [ORNL; Zhang, Wei [ORNL; Yu, Zhenzhen [ORNL; Feng, Zhili [ORNL
Homing in on sweet spots in Cretaceous Austin chalk
In discussing the nature and causes of fracturing in the Cretaceous Austin chalk of south central Texas, many geologists and operators involved in horizontal drilling of the chalk consider regional rock stress as the probable main cause of the fractures. If Austin chalk fractures are mainly the result of regional extensional stress without localizing factors, then fractured sweet spots are randomly distributed and successful exploration is more or less a matter of luck, usually dependent upon the coincidental placement of a seismic line. But if local, deep-seated structure or basement topography are the main causes of sweet spots, then a successful exploration method would be to first delineate the basement paleo structure or topography and secondly, place a seismic line to confirm the delineated features. Finding localities of maximum fracturing and production would than be based on scientific logic rather than luck. It is the purpose of this article to present the results of an examination of these alternative causes for the Austin chalk fracturing in the hope of determining the most cost effective exploration method for the fractured chalk reservoir.
Thomas, G.E. (Thomas and Associates, Denver, CO (United States)); Sonnenberg, F.P.
Friction Stir Spot Welding of Advanced High Strength Steels
Friction stir spot welding techniques were developed to successfully join several advanced high strength steels. Two distinct tool materials were evaluated to determine the effect of tool materials on the process parameters and joint properties. Welds were characterized primarily via lap shear, microhardness, and optical microscopy. Friction stir spot welds were compared to the resistance spot welds in similar strength alloys by using the AWS standard for resistance spot welding high strength steels. As further comparison, a primitive cost comparison between the two joining processes was developed, which included an evaluation of the future cost prospects of friction stir spot welding in advanced high strength steels.
Hovanski, Yuri; Grant, Glenn J.; Santella, M. L.
Phase-resolved spectroscopy of Geminga shows rotating hot spot(s)
Isolated neutron stars are seen in x-rays through their nonthermal and/or surface thermal emissions. XMM-Newton observations of the Geminga pulsar show a 43 electron volt spectrum from the whole neutron star surface, as well as a power-law component above 2 kiloelectron volts. In addition, we have detected a hot (170 electron volts) thermal emission from an 60-meter-radius spot on the pulsar s surface. Such a thermal emission, only visible at selected phase intervals, may be coming from polar hot spot(s), long thought to exist as a result of heating from magnetospheric accelerated particles. It may provide the missing link between the x-ray and gamma-ray emission of the pulsar.
P. A. Caraveo; A. De Luca; S. Mereghetti; A. Pellizzoni; G. F. Bignami
RAS Gene Hot-Spot Mutations in
Point mutations in the cellular homologues HRAS, KRAS2, and NRAS of the viral Harvey and Kirsten rat sarcoma virus oncogenes are commonly involved in the onset of malignancies in humans and other species such as dog, mouse, and rat. Most often, three particular hot-spot codons are affected, with one amino acid exchange being sufficient for the induction of tumor growth. While RAS genes have been shown to play an important role in canine tumors such as non-small lung cell carcinomas, data about RAS mutations in canine fibrosarcomas as well as KRAS2 mutations in canine melanomas is sparse. To increase the number of tumors examined, we recently screened 13 canine fibrosarcomas and 11 canine melanomas for point mutations, particularly within the mutational hot spots. The results were compared to the already existing data from other studies about these tumors in dogs. A family of genes often involved in human tumors are the well-characterized RAS genes, which comprise HRAS, KRAS2, and NRAS, coding for closely related, small, 189 amino acid, 21 kDa, membrane-bound, intracellular proteins. The human cellular HRAS and KRAS2 genes were identified to be homologues of the Harvey and Kirsten rat sarcoma
Canine Neoplasias; J. Bullerdiek
Sensor Placement + Optimization Software (SPOT) | Open Energy Information
Sensor Placement + Optimization Software (SPOT) Sensor Placement + Optimization Software (SPOT) Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary Name: SPOT Agency/Company /Organization: Architectural Energy Corporation Sector: Energy Focus Area: Buildings, Energy Efficiency Topics: Technology characterizations Resource Type: Software/modeling tools User Interface: Spreadsheet Website: www.archenergy.com/SPOT/ Cost: Free Language: English References: http://www.archenergy.com/SPOT/ SPOT(tm) is intended to assist a designer in quantifying the existing or intended electric lighting and annual daylighting characteristics of a given space and to help establish the optimal photosensor placement for the space relative to annual performance and annual energy savings. The software was developed with classroom daylighting in mind, but can be used
A high resolution view of the jet termination shock in a hot spot of the nearby radio galaxy Pictor A: implications for X-ray models of radio galaxy hot spots
Images made with the VLBA have resolved the region in a nearby radio galaxy, Pictor A, where the relativistic jet that originates at the nucleus terminates in an interaction with the intergalactic medium, a so-called radio galaxy hot spot. This image provides the highest spatial resolution view of such an object to date (16 pc), more than three times better than previous VLBI observations of similar objects. The north-west Pictor A hot spot is resolved into a complex set of compact components, seen to coincide with the bright part of the hot spot imaged at arcsecond-scale resolution with the VLA. In addition to a comparison with VLA data, we compare our VLBA results with data from the HST and Chandra telescopes, as well as new Spitzer data. The presence of pc-scale components in the hot spot, identifying regions containing strong shocks in the fluid flow, leads us to explore the suggestion that they represent sites of synchrotron X-ray production, contributing to the integrated X-ray flux of the hot spot, along with X-rays from synchrotron self-Compton scattering. This scenario provides a natural explanation for the radio morphology of the hot spot and its integrated X-ray emission, leading to very different predictions for the higher energy X-ray spectrum compared to previous studies. From the sizes of the individual pc-scale components and their angular spread, we estimate that the jet width at the hot spot is in the range 70 - 700 pc, which is comparable to similar estimates in PKS 2153-69, 3C 205, and 4C 41.17. The lower limit in this range arises from the suggestion that the jet may dither in its direction as it passes through hot spot backflow material close to the jet termination point, creating a "dentist drill" effect on the inside of a cavity 700 pc in diameter.
S. J. Tingay; E. Lenc; G. Brunetti; M. Bondi
Average prices for spot sulfur dioxide emissions allowances at ...
The weighted average spot price for sulfur dioxide (SO 2) emissions allowances awarded to winning bidders at Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) annual auction on ...
The development of a UK natural gas spot market
The growth of a natural gas spot market in the United Kingdom (UK) is a radical innovation for the industry. Spot markets turned the oil industry inside out, and will do the same for gas. Such a development seemed all but impossible to gas industry experts three years ago. The role and likely form of a spot market are now at the center of current industry debate about the designing of a daily balancing regime to replace unitary management by British Gas. This paper examines parallels between the evolution of spot markets for oil in the 1980`s and the current UK gas industry. 12 refs., 1 fig.
Roeber, J. [Joe Roeber Associates, London (United Kingdom)
Care for a Spot of (Green) Tea? New NIST Reference ...
Care for a Spot of (Green) Tea? ... Green tea has been long prized not only for its taste but also for purported health benefits and medicinal value. ...
View History: Daily Weekly Monthly Annual : Download Data (XLS File) Cushing, OK WTI Spot Price FOB (Dollars per Barrel) Week Of Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri ; 1985 ...
View History: Daily Weekly Monthly Annual : Download Data (XLS File) Europe Brent Spot Price FOB (Dollars per Barrel) Week Of Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri ; 1987 ...
Spot price for Central Appalachian coal up since early 2010 ...
Average spot prices for Central Appalachian (CAPP) coal are up about 36% since January, 2010. Contributing factors include: global supply disruptions, slightly ...
Los Alamos Lab: NSO: Hot Spot: Director's Papers, Reviews
National Security Office. The Hot Spot page lists recently published Director's papers, book reviews, etc. Director's Paper: Safeguards at 40, LANL Director Michael Anastasio (pdf)...
Forecasting Crude Oil Spot Price Using OECD Petroleum Inventory Levels
Forecasting Crude Oil Spot Price Using OECD Petroleum Inventory Levels MICHAEL YE,? JOHN ZYREN,?? AND JOANNE SHORE?? Abstract This paper presents a short ...
Average Weekly Propane Spot Prices - Energy Information Administration
Propane spot prices at the major trading hubs remained relatively close through the fall of 2000, even as they were pushed higher by rapidly rising natural gas prices.
Propane spot prices at the major trading hubs remained relatively close through October 2000, but uncoupled in California as natural gas prices rose rapidly during ...
Central Appalachian (CAPP) coal spot prices affect markets for ...
Note: Bloomberg prices for the prompt month have been shifted forward by one month to show the spot versus delivered price for the same month.
Pipeline constraints raise average spot natural gas prices in the ...
The chart shows that spot natural gas prices for Henry Hub, Chicago, ... and gas from Pennsylvania storage fields on to Atlantic coast markets. ...
Spotted Wing Drosophila Management in Maryland Small Fruit
Spotted Wing Drosophila Management in Maryland Small Fruit Gerald Brust IPM Vegetable Specialist Sept. 2011 Spotted wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii, is an invasive, destructive pest due to human intervention. Identification SWD adults are small (2-3 mm) flies with red eyes and a pale
Mohaghegh, Shahab
A NONGAUSSIAN ORNSTEINUHLENBECK PROCESS FOR ELECTRICITY SPOT PRICE MODELING AND DERIVATIVES for analytical pricing of electricity forward and futures contracts. Electricity forward and futures contracts to capture the observed dynamics of electricity spot prices. We also discuss the pricing of European call
Kallsen, Jan
Idealized Hot Spot Experiments with a General Circulation Model
Idealized experiments are conducted using a GCM coupled to a 20-m slab ocean model to examine the short-term response to an initial localized positive equatorial SST anomaly, or �hot spot.� A hot spot is imposed upon an aquaplanet with globally ...
Eric D. Maloney; Adam H. Sobel
Dark spot formation relative to ITO surface roughness for polyfluorene
Dark spot formation relative to ITO surface roughness for polyfluorene Dark spot formation relative to ITO surface roughness for polyfluorene devices Title Dark spot formation relative to ITO surface roughness for polyfluorene devices Publication Type Journal Article Year of Publication 2004 Authors Liu, Gao, John B. Kerr, and Stephen G. Johnson Journal Synthetic Metals Volume 144 Pagination 1-6 Keywords dark spot, failure mechanism, interface, ito surface, oled Abstract The failure behaviors of ITO/PEDOT;PSS/polyfluorene/Al devices are different depending on the surface roughness of the sputtered ITO anode film. The spikes on ITO surface are responsible for the initial local shorts of the device, which develop into dark spots very quickly. Indium adsorption is observed on the polymer and Al cathode interface. A chemical etching procedure is used to smoothen the ITO surface without changing the ITO thickness and the sheet resistance. Devices made out of smooth ITO show minimum changes at polymer-cathode interface during operation.
Friction Stir Spot Welding of DP780 Carbon Steel
Friction stir spot welds were made in uncoated and galvannneled DP780 sheets using polycrystalline boron nitride stir tools. The tools were plunged at either a single continuous rate or in two segments consisting of a relatively high rate followed by a slower rate of shorter depth. Welding times ranged from 1-10 s. Increasing tool rotation speed from 800 to 1600 rpm increased strength values. The 2-segment welding procedures also produced higher strength joints. Average lap-shear strengths exceeding 10.3 kN were consistently obtained in 4 s on both the uncoated and the galvannealed DP780. The likelihood of diffusion and mechanical interlocking contributing to bond formation was supported by metallographic examinations. A cost analysis based on spot welding in automobile assembly showed that for friction stir spot welding to be economically competitive with resistance spot welding the cost of stir tools must approach that of resistance spot welding electrode tips.
Santella, M. L.; Hovanski, Yuri; Frederick, Alan; Grant, Glenn J.; Dahl, Michael E.
Wall and laser spot motion in cylindrical hohlraums
Wall and laser spot motion measurements in empty, propane-filled and plastic (CH)-lined gold coated cylindrical hohlraums were performed on the Omega laser facility [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)]. Wall motion was measured using axial two-dimensional (2D) x-ray imaging and laser spot motion was perpendicularly observed through a thinned wall using streaked hard x-ray imaging. Experimental results and 2D hydrodynamic simulations show that while empty targets exhibit on-axis plasma collision, CH-lined and propane-filled targets inhibit wall expansion, corroborated with perpendicular streaked imaging showing a slower motion of laser spots.
Huser, G.; Courtois, C.; Monteil, M.-C. [CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon (France)
Figure 88. Annual average Henry Hub spot prices for natural ...
Sheet3 Sheet2 Sheet1 Figure 88. Annual average Henry Hub spot prices for natural gas in five cases, 1990-2040 (2011 dollars per million Btu) Reference
Current Natural Gas Spot Prices:. Well Above the Recent Price ...
The surge in spot prices at the Henry Hub since April has taken prices well above a typical range for 1998-1999 (in this context, defined as the average, +/- 2 ...
Natural Gas Spot Prices: Base Case and 95% Confidence Interval
Spot prices at the Henry Hub traded at a midpoint of $6.91 per MMBtu on Wednesday. This is the first time the price has been below $7.00 since December 1, ...
Spot Distillate & Crude Oil Prices - U.S. Energy Information ...
WTI crude oil price rose about $17 per barrel or 40 cents per gallon from its low point in mid ... New York Harbor spot heating oil had risen about 42 cents ...
page 7 : Turing's Spot-Generation System - CECM
System for generating spots proposed by Turing: $\\bigtriangleup a_{ij} = s(16 - a_ {ij} $\\bigtriangleup b_{ij} = s(a_{ij}b_{. where s is the source density constant.
Unsupervised spoken keyword spotting and learning of acoustically meaningful units
The problem of keyword spotting in audio data has been explored for many years. Typically researchers use supervised methods to train statistical models to detect keyword instances. However, such supervised methods require ...
Zhang, Yaodong, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Spots, plages, and flares on lambda Andromedae and II Pegasi
We present the results of a contemporaneous photometric and spectroscopic monitoring of lambda And and II Peg aimed at investigating the behavior of surface inhomogeneities in the atmospheres of these active stars which have nearly the same temperature but different gravity. The light curves and the modulation of the surface temperature, as recovered from LDRs, are used to map the photospheric spots, while the H-alpha emission has been used as an indicator of chromospheric inhomogeneities. The spot temperatures and sizes were derived from a spot model applied to the contemporaneous light and temperature curves. We find larger and cooler spots on II Peg (T_sp ~ 3600 K) compared to lambda And (T_sp ~ 3900 K); this could be the result of both the different gravity and the higher activity level of the former. Moreover, we find a clear anti-correlation between the H-alpha emission and the photospheric diagnostics. We have also detected a modulation of the intensity of the HeI D_3 line with the star rotation. A rough reconstruction of the 3D structure of their atmospheres has been also performed by applying a spot/plage model to the light and temperature curves and to the H-alpha flux modulation. A close spatial association of photospheric and chromospheric active regions has been found in both stars. Larger and cooler spots have been found on II Peg, the system with the active component of higher gravity and higher activity level. The area ratio of plages to spots seems to decrease when the spots get bigger. Moreover, with the present and literature data, a correlation between the temperature difference Delta_T = T_ph - T_sp and the surface gravity has been also suggested. In addition, a strong flare affecting the H-alpha, the HeI D_3, and the cores of NaI D_1,2 lines has been observed on II Peg.
A. Frasca; K. Biazzo; G. Tas; S. Evren; A. C. Lanzafame
There are serious concerns about the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, energy and nutrient and water use efficiency of large-scale, first generation bio-energy feedstocks currently in use. A major question is whether biofuels obtained from these feedstocks are effective in combating climate change and what impact they will have on soil and water resources. Another fundamental issue relates to the magnitude and nature of their impact on food prices and ultimately on the livelihoods of the poor. A possible solution to overcome the current potentially large negative effects of large-scale biofuel production is developing second and third generation conversion techniques from agricultural residues and wastes and step up the scientific research efforts to achieve sustainable biofuel production practices. Until such sustainable techniques are available governments should scale back their support for and promotion of biofuels. Multipurpose feedstocks should be investigated making use of the bio-refinery concept (bio-based economy). At the same time, the further development of non-commercial, small scale
Science Council Secretariat
A measurement concept for hot-spot BRDFs from space
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
Several concepts for canopy hot-spot measurements from space have been investigated. The most promising involves active illumination and bistatic detection that would allow hot-spot angular distribution (BRDF) measurements from space in a search-light mode. The concept includes a pointable illumination source, such as a laser operating at an atmospheric window wavelength, coupled with a number of high spatial-resolution detectors that are clustered around the illumination source in space, receiving photons nearly coaxial with the reto-reflection direction. Microwave control and command among the satellite cluster would allow orienting the direction of the laser beam as well as the focusing detectors simultaneously so that the coupled system can function like a search light with almost unlimited pointing capabilities. The concept is called the Hot-Spot Search-Light (HSSL) satellite. A nominal satellite altitude of 600 km will allow hot-spot BRDF measurements out to about 18 degrees phase angle. The distributed are taking radiometric measurements of the intensity wings of the hot-spot angular distribution without the need for complex imaging detectors. The system can be operated at night for increased signal-to-noise ratio. This way the hot-spot angular signatures can be quantified and parameterized in sufficient detail to extract the biophysical information content of plant architectures.
Gerstl, S.A.W.
Friction stir spot welds were made in uncoated and galvannealed DP780 sheets using polycrystalline boron nitride stir tools. The tools were plunged at either a single continuous rate or in two segments consisting of a relatively high rate followed by a slower rate of shorter depth. Welding times ranged from 1 to 10 s. Increasing tool rotation speed from 800 to 1600 rev min{sup -1} increased strength values. The 2-segment welding procedures also produced higher strength joints. Average lap shear strengths exceeding 10 {center_dot} 3 kN were consistently obtained in 4 s on both the uncoated and the galvannealed DP780. The likelihood of diffusion and mechanical interlocking contributing to bond formation was supported by metallographic examinations. A cost analysis based on spot welding in automobile assembly showed that for friction stir spot welding to be economically competitive with resistance spot welding the cost of stir tools must approach that of resistance spot welding electrode tips.
Santella, Michael L [ORNL; Hovanski, Yuri [ORNL; Frederick, David Alan [ORNL; Grant, Glenn J [ORNL; Dahl, Michael E [ORNL
Bright Green Spot: Fort Worth Library | Department of Energy
Bright Green Spot: Fort Worth Library Bright Green Spot: Fort Worth Library Bright Green Spot: Fort Worth Library September 30, 2010 - 4:07pm Addthis Lindsay Gsell Fort Worth's Central Library is seeing tremendous energy savings by cutting down consumption. Using an Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant from the Recovery Act, the city was able to have the building retrofitted and install a building management system. The system allows library staff to control the indoor climate of the library from one location to reduce operating costs of the facility. Addthis Related Articles Captured data from the monitoring system at the public library shows that energy usage was highest at 10:30a.m., a time when a number of patrons in the library would be using computers and lighting. | Photo courtesy of Texas Institute for Sustainable Technology Research
Methodology for Managing the Handling and Combustion of Spot Coal
Fuel purchases can constitute 80 percent of generation costs for a coal-fired power plant. Therefore, reducing fuel costs is often a key strategy for reducing generation costs. Power producers have found the spot coal market to be a viable option for filling the gaps in a plant's coal supply portfolio. On average, over the last 10 years, approximately 33 percent of the coal purchased was in the form of spot contracts. While lower quality, cheaper fuels reduce fuel costs; unit capacity, availability, and ...
Jupiter's Great Red Spot as a Shallow Water System
Most current models of Jupiter's Great Red Spot (GRS) are cast in terms of a two-layer model, where a thin upper weather layer, which contains the vortex, overlies a much deeper layer, which is meant to represent the neutrally stratified deep ...
Timothy E. Dowling; Andrew P. Ingersoll
IC defect sensitivity for footprint-type spot defects
While it is important to exhaustively verify IC designs for their functional performance, it is equally important to verify their robustness against spot defects, that is, to foresee what will happen to the design when it is exposed to defect conditions ...
J. Pineda de Gyvez; C. Di
Simulations of Electron Transport in Laser Hot Spots
Simulations of electron transport are carried out by solving the Fokker-Planck equation in the diffusive approximation. The system of a single laser hot spot, with open boundary conditions, is systematically studied by performing a scan over a wide range of the two relevant parameters: (1) Ratio of the stopping length over the width of the hot spot. (2) Relative importance of the heating through inverse Bremsstrahlung compared to the thermalization through self-collisions. As for uniform illumination [J.P. Matte et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 30 (1988) 1665], the bulk of the velocity distribution functions (VDFs) present a super-Gaussian dependence. However, as a result of spatial transport, the tails are observed to be well represented by a Maxwellian. A similar dependence of the distributions is also found for multiple hot spot systems. For its relevance with respect to stimulated Raman scattering, the linear Landau damping of the electron plasma wave is estimated for such VD Fs. Finally, the nonlinear Fokker-Planck simulations of the single laser hot spot system are also compared to the results obtained with the linear non-local hydrodynamic approach [A.V. Brantov et al., Phys. Plasmas 5 (1998) 2742], thus providing a quantitative limit to the latter method: The hydrodynamic approach presents more than 10% inaccuracy in the presence of temperature variations of the order delta T/T greater than or equal to 1%, and similar levels of deformation of the Gaussian shape of the Maxwellian background.
S. Brunner; E. Valeo
The NordPool Market The spot and electricity forward relation
The NordPool Market The spot and electricity forward relation Spot price modelling HJM approach to forwards Conclusions Modelling and pricing in electricity markets Fred Espen Benth Work in collaboration and electricity forward relation Spot price modelling HJM approach to forwards Conclusions Overview
Pfeifer, Holger
Storm Spotting and Public Awareness since the First Tornado Forecasts of 1948
The history of storm spotting and public awareness of the tornado threat is reviewed. It is shown that a downward trend in fatalities apparently began after the famous �Tri-State� tornado of 1925. Storm spotting�s history begins in World War II ...
Charles A. Doswell III; Alan R. Moller; Harold E. Brooks
Joint Modelling of Gas and Electricity spot prices
The recent liberalization of the electricity and gas markets has resulted in the growth of energy exchanges and modelling problems. In this paper, we modelize jointly gas and electricity spot prices using a mean-reverting model which fits the correlations structures for the two commodities. The dynamics are based on Ornstein processes with parameterized diffusion coefficients. Moreover, using the empirical distributions of the spot prices, we derive a class of such parameterized diffusions which captures the most salient statistical properties: stationarity, spikes and heavy-tailed distributions. The associated calibration procedure is based on standard and efficient statistical tools. We calibrate the model on French for electricity and on UK market for gas, and then simulate some trajectories which reproduce well the observed prices behavior. Finally, we illustrate the importance of the correlation structure and of the presence of spikes by measuring the risk on a power plant portfolio.
Frikha, Noufel
Diode magnetic-field influence on radiographic spot size
Flash radiography of hydrodynamic experiments driven by high explosives is a well-known diagnostic technique in use at many laboratories. The Dual-Axis Radiography for Hydrodynamic Testing (DARHT) facility at Los Alamos was developed for flash radiography of large hydrodynamic experiments. Two linear induction accelerators (LIAs) produce the bremsstrahlung radiographic source spots for orthogonal views of each experiment ('hydrotest'). The 2-kA, 20-MeV Axis-I LIA creates a single 60-ns radiography pulse. For time resolution of the hydrotest dynamics, the 1.7-kA, 16.5-MeV Axis-II LIA creates up to four radiography pulses by slicing them out of a longer pulse that has a 1.6-{micro}s flattop. Both axes now routinely produce radiographic source spot sizes having full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) less than 1 mm. To further improve on the radiographic resolution, one must consider the major factors influencing the spot size: (1) Beam convergence at the final focus; (2) Beam emittance; (3) Beam canonical angular momentum; (4) Beam-motion blur; and (5) Beam-target interactions. Beam emittance growth and motion in the accelerators have been addressed by careful tuning. Defocusing by beam-target interactions has been minimized through tuning of the final focus solenoid for optimum convergence and other means. Finally, the beam canonical angular momentum is minimized by using a 'shielded source' of electrons. An ideal shielded source creates the beam in a region where the axial magnetic field is zero, thus the canonical momentum zero, since the beam is born with no mechanical angular momentum. It then follows from Busch's conservation theorem that the canonical angular momentum is minimized at the target, at least in principal. In the DARHT accelerators, the axial magnetic field at the cathode is minmized by using a 'bucking coil' solenoid with reverse polarity to cancel out whatever solenoidal beam transport field exists there. This is imperfect in practice, because of radial variation of the total field across the cathode surface, solenoid misalignments, and long-term variability of solenoid fields for given currents. Therefore, it is useful to quantify the relative importance of canonical momentum in determining the focal spot, and to establish a systematic methodology for tuning the bucking coils for minimum spot size. That is the purpose of this article. Section II provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the relative importance of the canonical momentum. Section III describes the results of simulations used to quantify beam parameters, including the momentum, for each of the accelerators. Section IV compares the two accelerators, especially with respect to mis-tuned bucking coils. Finally, Section IV concludes with a methodology for optimizing the bucking coil settings.
Ekdahl, Carl A. Jr. [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Transformation from spots to waves in a model of actin pattern formation
Actin networks in certain single-celled organisms exhibit a complex pattern-forming dynamics that starts with the appearance of static spots of actin on the cell cortex. Spots soon become mobile, executing persistent random walks, and eventually give rise to traveling waves of actin. Here we describe a possible physical mechanism for this distinctive set of dynamic transformations, by equipping an excitable reaction-diffusion model with a field describing the spatial orientation of its chief constituent (which we consider to be actin). The interplay of anisotropic actin growth and spatial inhibition drives a transformation at fixed parameter values from static spots to moving spots to waves.
Stephen Whitelam; Till Bretschneider; Nigel J. Burroughs
Empirical Analysis of the Spot Market Implications of Price-Elastic...
absence of any significant, rapid demand-side response to the wholesale (or, spot market) price. For a variety of reasons, electricity industries continue to charge most consumers...
Empirical Analysis of the Spot Market Implications of Price-Responsive Demand
are exposed to real-time electricity prices, they can adjustCustomers Respond to Electricity Price Variability: A Studyhours lowers the electricity spot price and reduces needed
Siddiqui, Afzal S.; Bartholomew, Emily S.; Marnay, Chris
2011 Brief: Henry Hub natural gas spot prices fell about 9% in ...
Energy Information Administration ... Wholesale spot natural gas prices in most areas of the United States fell slightly in 2011 from the ... In other markets, ...
Dose Modeling and Statistical Assessment of Hot Spots for Decommissioning Applications.
??A primary goal of this research was to develop a technically defensible approach for modeling the receptor dose due to smaller "hot spots" of residual� (more)
Abelquist, Eric Warner
Current Natural Gas Spot Prices: Well Above the Recent Price Range
Current Natural Gas Spot Prices: Well Above the Recent Price Range. Previous slide: Next slide: Back to first slide: ... (generally borne out so far ...
Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding of Aluminum Alloys for Aviation by ...
Refill FSSW process can supersede conventional rivet fastening and resistance spot welding techniques and contribute to weight reduction of structures as well.
U.K., U.S. spot natural gas prices diverging - Today in Energy - U ...
Two important spot prices for natural gas are the Henry Hub in the United States and the ... a stronger price linkage in Europe between rising crude oil and ...
Optimal spot market inventory strategies in the presence of cost and price risk
Optimal spot market inventory strategies in the presence ofeither increase or decrease inventory by buying or sellingof actively managing inventory during the period rather than
Guo, X.; Kaminsky, P.; Tomecek, P.; Yuen, M.
Robert Van Steenwyk Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) Recommendations for Sweet Cherry
Robert Van Steenwyk Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) Recommendations for Sweet of male and female SWD flies in each trap. Male SWD have spots on the tip of the wings and females have produced. The preferred ovipositional color was dark red for Bing fruit and red for Black Tartarian
Hammock, Bruce D.
The Effects of the Dysfunctional Spot Market for Electricity in California
The Effects of the Dysfunctional Spot Market for Electricity in California on the Cost of Forward), the Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTS) program on Reliability and Markets at the U Cruz, California. #12;ABSTRACT The unexpectedly high spot prices for electricity in the summer of 2000
CoCoSpot: Clustering and recognizing botnet command and control channels using traffic analysis
We present CoCoSpot, a novel approach to recognize botnet command and control channels solely based on traffic analysis features, namely carrier protocol distinction, message length sequences and encoding differences. Thus, CoCoSpot can deal with obfuscated ... Keywords: Botnet C&C, Botnet detection, Network security, Traffic analysis
Christian J. Dietrich; Christian Rossow; Norbert Pohlmann
Model for Thermal Behavior of Shaded Photovoltaic Cells under Hot-Spot Condition
We address the problem of modeling the thermal behavior of photovoltaic (PV) cells that, due to their being exposed to shading, may experience a dramatic temperature increase (a phenomenon referred to as hot-spot) with consequent reduction of the provided ... Keywords: solar cell, hot-spot heating, energy efficiency, reliability
Daniele Giaffreda; Martin Omana; Daniele Rossi; Cecilia Metra
Integration of Contracted Renewable Energy and Spot Market Supply to Serve
Integration of Contracted Renewable Energy and Spot Market Supply to Serve Flexible Loads Anthony-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com). Abstract: We present a contract for integrating renewable energy supply and electricity spot markets for serving deferrable electric loads in order to mitigate renewable energy
Oren, Shmuel S.
Evaluation of HotSpot, Lawerence Livermore National Laboratory - June 11,
Evaluation of HotSpot, Lawerence Livermore National Laboratory - Evaluation of HotSpot, Lawerence Livermore National Laboratory - June 11, 2010 Evaluation of HotSpot, Lawerence Livermore National Laboratory - June 11, 2010 June 11, 2010 Letter from Andy Lawrence to John Nasstrom accepting the revised Hotspot In your letter dated April 16, 2010, you summarized the work done by the Lawerence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to meet the Department of Energy's (DOE) recommendations from the 2007, Software Evaluation of HotSpot, and DOE, Safety Software Toolbox Recommendation, for inclusion of V2.07 in the DOE Safety Software Central Registry. Based on this work, you futher requested that HotSpot be included in the DOE Central Registry. Letter from Andy Lawrence to John Nasstrom accepting the revised Hotspot More Documents & Publications
The dynamics of commodity spot and futures markets
I discuss the short-run dynamics of commodity prices, production, and inventories, as well as the sources and effects of market volatility. I explain how prices, rates of production, and inventory levels are interrelated, ...
Pindyck, Robert S.
Coal market fundamentals changed, yet spot prices remained stable ...
Financial market analysis and financial data for major energy companies. ... Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Weekly Coal Production, ...
The DataTAG transatlantic testbed
Wide area network testbeds allow researchers and engineers to test out new equipment, protocols and services in real-life situations, without jeopardizing the stability and reliability of production networks. The Data TransAtlantic Grid (DataTAG) testbed, ... Keywords: Gigabit wide area networks, Grid networking, Testbed
O. Martin; J. P. Martin-Flatin; E. Martelli; P. Moroni; H. Newman; S. Ravot; D. Nae
Emergency Links: NIST Identifies 'Sweet Spot' for Radios in ...
... 2007 at Black Diamond Mines Regional Park near Antioch, Calif., an old complex used in the early 1900s to extract pure sand for glass production. ...
Figure 41. U.S. Brent crude oil and Henry Hub natural gas spot ...
Sheet3 Sheet2 Sheet1 Figure 41. U.S. Brent crude oil and Henry Hub natural gas spot market prices in three cases, 2005-2040 Natural Gas Crude Oil Reference
Spot natural gas prices dipped to two-year low in November ...
Spot natural gas prices at the Henry Hub in Erath, Louisiana fell to $2.83 per million British thermal units for delivery on November 24, 2011, the lowest price since ...
Energy Spot Price Models and Spread Options Pricing Samuel Hikspoors and Sebastian Jaimungal a
and calibrate our model to the NYMEX Light Sweet Crude Oil spot and futures data, allowing us to extract curves. Adding a perturbation on top of this first order model allows us to correct some
Jaimungal, Sebastian
Joint Modelling of Gas and Electricity spot prices N. Frikha1 , V. Lemaire2
and of the presence of spikes by measuring the risk on a power plant portfolio. Keywords: Electricity markets; spot Abstract The recent liberalization of the electricity and gas markets has resulted in the growth of energy
On a euro basis, Brent crude oil spot price surpasses prior ...
On a euro basis, the spot price for Brent crude oil, a global benchmark, has surpassed its prior record high and set a new record high of 96.53 euros per barrel on ...
Figure 21. Annual average spot price for Brent crude oil in three ...
Sheet3 Sheet2 Sheet1 Figure 21. Annual average spot price for Brent crude oil in three cases, 1990-2040 (2011 dollars per barrel) Reference Low Oil Price
Figure 87. Ratio of Brent crude oil price to Henry Hub spot ...
Sheet3 Sheet2 Sheet1 Figure 87. Ratio of Brent crude oil price to Henry Hub spot natural gas price in energy-equivalent terms, 1990-2040 Ratio Released:April 15, 2013
Figure 49. Brent crude oil spot prices in three cases, 1990-2040 ...
Sheet3 Sheet2 Sheet1 Figure 49. Brent crude oil spot prices in three cases, 1990-2040 (2011 dollars per barrel) Reference High Oil Price Low Oil Price
used to adjust the real-time price perceived by end-useare exposed to real-time electricity prices, they can adjustof real-time pricing (RTP) on the equilibrium spot price and
Empirical analysis of the spot market implications of price-elastic demand
used to adjust the real-time price perceived by end-useare exposed to real-time electricity prices, then they canof real-time pricing on the equilibrium spot price and
U.S. natural gas spot prices increased during first-half 2013 ...
Maps by energy source and topic, includes ... Press Releases ... Spot prices on the map reflect averages of daily prices from the first half of 2013, January 1 ...
Assessment of Prices of Natural Gas Futures Contracts As A Predictor of Realized Spot Prices, An
Reports and Publications (EIA)
This article compares realized Henry Hub spot market prices for natural gas during the three most recent winters with futures prices as they evolve from April through the following February, when trading for the March contract ends.
Lejla Alic
Electrophoretic extraction of proteins from two-dimensional electrophoresis gel spots
DOE Patents (OSTI)
After two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins or the like, resulting in a polyacrylamide gel slab having a pattern of protein gel spots thereon, an individual protein gel spot is cored out from the slab, to form a gel spot core which is placed in an extraction tube, with a dialysis membrane across the lower end of the tube. Replicate gel spots can be cored out from replicate gel slabs and placed in the extraction tube. Molten agarose gel is poured into the extraction tube where the agarose gel hardens to form an immobilizing gel, covering the gel spot cores. The upper end portion of the extraction tube is filled with a volume of buffer solution, and the upper end is closed by another dialysis membrane. Upper and lower bodies of a buffer solution are brought into contact with the upper and lower membranes and are provided with electrodes connected to the positive and negative terminals of a DC power supply, thereby producing an electrical current which flows through the upper membrane, the volume of buffer solution, the agarose, the gel spot cores and the lower membrane. The current causes the proteins to be extracted electrophoretically from the gel spot cores, so that the extracted proteins accumulate and are contained in the space between the agarose gel and the upper membrane. A high percentage extraction of proteins is achieved. The extracted proteins can be removed and subjected to partial digestion by trypsin or the like, followed by two-dimensional electrophoresis, resulting in a gel slab having a pattern of peptide gel spots which can be cored out and subjected to electrophoretic extraction to extract individual peptides.
Zhang, Jian-Shi (Shanghai, CN); Giometti, Carol S. (Glenview, IL); Tollaksen, Sandra L. (Montgomery, IL)
Avoiding Carbon Bed Hot Spots in Thermal Process Off-Gas Systems
Mercury has had various uses in nuclear fuel reprocessing and other nuclear processes, and so is often present in radioactive and mixed (radioactive and hazardous) wastes. Test programs performed in recent years have shown that mercury in off-gas streams from processes that treat radioactive wastes can be controlled using fixed beds of activated sulfur-impregnated carbon, to levels low enough to comply with air emission regulations such as the Hazardous Waste Combustor (HWC) Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) standards. Carbon bed hot spots or fires have occurred several times during these tests, and also during a remediation of tanks that contained mixed waste. Hot spots occur when localized areas in a carbon bed become heated to temperatures where oxidation occurs. This heating typically occurs due to heat of absoption of gas species onto the carbon, but it can also be caused through external means such as external heaters used to heat the carbon bed vessel. Hot spots, if not promptly mitigated, can grow into bed fires. Carbon bed hot spots and fires must be avoided in processes that treat radioactive and mixed waste. Hot spots are detected by (a) monitoring in-bed and bed outlet gas temperatures, and (b) more important, monitoring of bed outlet gas CO concentrations. Hot spots are mitigated by (a) designing for appropriate in-bed gas velocity, for avoiding gas flow maldistribution, and for sufficient but not excessive bed depth, (b) appropriate monitoring and control of gas and bed temperatures and compositions, and (c) prompt implementation of corrective actions if bed hot spots are detected. Corrective actions must be implemented quickly if bed hot spots are detected, using a graded approach and sequence starting with corrective actions that are simple, quick, cause the least impact to the process, and are easiest to recover from.
Nick Soelberg; Joe Enneking
Brightness enhancement of plasma ion source by utilizing anode spot for nano applications
Anode spots are known as additional discharges on positively biased electrode immersed in plasmas. The anode spot plasma ion source (ASPIS) has been investigated as a high brightness ion source for nano applications such as focused ion beam (FIB) and nano medium energy ion scattering (nano-MEIS). The generation of anode spot is found to enhance brightness of ion beam since the anode spot increases plasma density near the extraction aperture. Brightness of the ASPIS has been estimated from measurement of emittance for total ion beam extracted through sub-mm aperture. The ASPIS is installed to the FIB system. Currents and diameters of the focused beams with/without anode spot are measured and compared. As the anode spot is turned on, the enhancement of beam current is observed at fixed diameter of the focused ion beam. Consequently, the brightness of the focused ion beam is enhanced as well. For argon ion beam, the maximum normalized brightness of 12 300 A/m{sup 2} SrV is acquired. The ASPIS is applied to nano-MEIS as well. The ASPIS is found to increase the beam current density and the power efficiency of the ion source for nano-MEIS. From the present study, it is shown that the ASPIS can enhance the performance of devices for nano applications.
Park, Yeong-Shin; Lee, Yuna; Chung, Kyoung-Jae; Hwang, Y. S. [Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Yoon-Jae [Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Gyeonggi 445-701 (Korea, Republic of); Park, Man-Jin [Research Institute of Nano Manufacturing System, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 139-743 (Korea, Republic of); Moon, Dae Won [Nanobio Fusion Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 305-600 (Korea, Republic of)
Spectroscopic follow-up of dozens of transiting planets has revealed the degree of alignment between the equators of stars and the orbits of the planets they host. Here we determine a method, applicable to spotted stars, that can reveal the same information from the photometric discovery data, with no need for follow-up. A spot model fit to the global light curve, parameterized by the spin orientation of the star, predicts when the planet will transit the spots. Observing several spot crossings during different transits then leads to constraints on the spin-orbit alignment. In cases where stellar spots are small, the stellar inclination, i{sub s} , and hence the true alignment, rather than just the sky projection, can be obtained. This method has become possible with the advent of space telescopes such as CoRoT and Kepler, which photometrically monitor transiting planets over a nearly continuous, long time baseline. We apply our method to CoRoT-2 and find the projected spin-orbit alignment angle, {lambda} = 4.{sup 0}7 {+-} 12.{sup 0}3, in excellent agreement with a previous determination that employed the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. The large spots of the parent star, CoRoT-2, limit our precision on i{sub s} : 84{sup 0} {+-} 36{sup 0}, where i{sub s} < 90{sup 0}(> 90{sup 0}) indicates that the rotation axis is tilted toward (away from) the line of sight.
Nutzman, Philip A.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Fortney, Jonathan J., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)
Spot and Bother: The Unfortunate Impact of Economics on Electricity
Location: Bldg. 90 Seminar HostPoint of Contact: Alan Sanstad Utilities such as the electricity production and distribution industry have been re-regulated in recent years to...
Characterization of plasma and laser conditions for single hot spot interaction experiments
The LANL TRIDENT laser system is being used for fundamental experiments which study the interaction of self-focusing, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in a single (diffraction limited) laser hot spot in order to better understand the coupling between these plasma instabilities. The diffraction limited beam mimics a single hot spot found in speckle distributions that are typical of random or kinoform phase plate (RPP or KPP) smoothing. A long scale length, hot plasma ({approximately} 1 mm, {approximately} 0.5 keV) is created by a separate heater beam, and the single hot spot beam is used to drive parametric instabilities. The focal plane distribution and wavefront of the single hot spot beam are characterized, and the intensity of the single hot spot can be varied between 10{sup 14}--10{sup 16} W/cm{sup 2}. The plasma density, temperature, and flow profiles are measured using gated imaging spectroscopy of collective Thomson scattering. Results of the laser and plasma characterization, and initial results of backscattered SRS, SBS, and beam steering in a flowing plasma are presented.
Montgomery, D.S.; Johnson, R.P.; Cobble, J.A.; Fernandez, J.C.; Lindman, E.L.; Rose, H.A. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Estabrook, K.G. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States)
New EM Technology: Spray Lights up Contamination Hot Spots | Department of
EM Technology: Spray Lights up Contamination Hot Spots EM Technology: Spray Lights up Contamination Hot Spots New EM Technology: Spray Lights up Contamination Hot Spots July 24, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis The ORNL researchers conducted a test in which they sprayed the scintillating phosphor on simulated debris material marked with technetium-99. The ORNL researchers conducted a test in which they sprayed the scintillating phosphor on simulated debris material marked with technetium-99. An image intensified camera system captured an image of the simulated debris material in dark conditions. An image intensified camera system captured an image of the simulated debris material in dark conditions. The ORNL researchers conducted a test in which they sprayed the scintillating phosphor on simulated debris material marked with technetium-99.
New EM Technology: Spray Lights up Contamination Hot Spots New EM Technology: Spray Lights up Contamination Hot Spots New EM Technology: Spray Lights up Contamination Hot Spots July 24, 2013 - 12:00pm Addthis The ORNL researchers conducted a test in which they sprayed the scintillating phosphor on simulated debris material marked with technetium-99. The ORNL researchers conducted a test in which they sprayed the scintillating phosphor on simulated debris material marked with technetium-99. An image intensified camera system captured an image of the simulated debris material in dark conditions. An image intensified camera system captured an image of the simulated debris material in dark conditions. The ORNL researchers conducted a test in which they sprayed the scintillating phosphor on simulated debris material marked with technetium-99.
Roosting Spot for These Nocturnal Mammals is Just Batty | Department of
Roosting Spot for These Nocturnal Mammals is Just Batty Roosting Spot for These Nocturnal Mammals is Just Batty Roosting Spot for These Nocturnal Mammals is Just Batty November 7, 2012 - 3:05pm Addthis A Yuma bat flying inside the clearwell at 100-F Area. | Photo courtesy of the Office of Environmental Management. A Yuma bat flying inside the clearwell at 100-F Area. | Photo courtesy of the Office of Environmental Management. David Sheeley Editor/Writer for Environmental Management's Office of External Affairs What are the key facts? Yuma bats reside in a clearwell, a concrete structure formerly used to filter water from the Columbia River for cooling a reactor. Yuma bats have buff-colored bodies that are about 1.5 to 2 inches long with a wingspan of up to 9 inches. Think about the places where bats roost, and abandoned cab-ins, attics,
Uniform irradiation of adjustable target spots in high-power laser driver
For smoothing and shaping the on-target laser patterns flexibly in high-power laser drivers, a scheme has been developed that includes a zoom lens array and two-dimensional smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD). The size of the target pattern can be controlled handily by adjusting the focal length of the zoom lens array, while the profile of the pattern can be shaped by fine tuning the distance between the target and the focal plane of the principal focusing lens. High-frequency stripes inside the pattern caused by beamlet interference are wiped off by spectral dispersion. Detailed simulations indicate that SSD works somewhat differently for spots of different sizes. For small spots, SSD mainly smooths the intensity modulation of low-to-middle spatial frequency, while for large spots, SSD sweeps the fine speckle structure to reduce nonuniformity of middle-to-high frequency. Spatial spectra of the target patterns are given and their uniformity is evaluated.
Jiang Xiujuan; Li Jinghui; Li Huagang; Li Yang; Lin Zunqi
,"Weekly Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price (Dollars per Million Btu)"
Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price (Dollars per Million Btu)" Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price (Dollars per Million Btu)" ,"Click worksheet name or tab at bottom for data" ,"Worksheet Name","Description","# Of Series","Frequency","Latest Data for" ,"Data 1","Weekly Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price (Dollars per Million Btu)",1,"Weekly","12/13/2013" ,"Release Date:","12/18/2013" ,"Next Release Date:","12/27/2013" ,"Excel File Name:","rngwhhdw.xls" ,"Available from Web Page:","http://tonto.eia.gov/dnav/ng/hist/rngwhhdw.htm" ,"Source:" ,"For Help, Contact:","firstname.lastname@example.com" ,,"(202) 586-8800",,,"12/18/2013 12:22:22 PM"
A simulation study to verify Stone's simultaneous water and gas injection performance in a 5-spot pattern
Water alternating gas (WAG) injection is a proven technique to enhance oil recovery. It has been successfully implemented in the field since 1957 with recovery increase in the range of 5-10% of oil-initially-in-place (OIIP). In 2004, Herbert L. Stone presented a simultaneous water and gas injection technique. Gas is injected near the bottom of the reservoir and water is injected directly on top at high rates to prevent upward channeling of the gas. Stone's mathematical model indicated the new technique can increase vertical sweep efficiency by 3-4 folds over WAG. In this study, a commercial reservoir simulator was used to predict the performance of Stone's technique and compare it to WAG and other EOR injection strategies. Two sets of relative permeability data were considered. Multiple combinations of total injection rates (water plus gas) and water/gas ratios as well as injection schedules were investigated to find the optimum design parameters for an 80 acre 5-spot pattern unit. Results show that injecting water above gas may result in better oil recovery than WAG injection though not as indicated by Stone. Increase in oil recovery with SSWAG injection is a function of the gas critical saturation. The more gas is trapped in the formation, the higher oil recovery is obtained. This is probably due to the fact that areal sweep efficiency is a more dominant factor in a 5-spot pattern. Periodic shut-off of the water injector has little effect on oil recovery. Water/gas injection ratio optimization may result in a slight increase in oil recovery. SSWAG injection results in a steady injection pressure and less fluctuation in gas production rate compared to WAG injection.
Barnawi, Mazen Taher
Development of the Dried Spot Sample Preparation Methodology and Applications to XRMF Analysis
The dried spot method has significant potential for trace elemental analysis using x-ray fluorescence. Small sample size coupled with spatially resolved excitation offers increased sensitivity for aqueous solutions. The primary limitation in applying this method to routine analyses is that much of the method development and fundamental aspects have not been investigated. We have studied the effects of a number of parameters on the quantitative capabilities of the dried spot method. These include thin-film substrates, drying methods, and solution composition. The small sample size offers opportunities for the analysis of a wide array of sample types including highly radioactive specimens.
Colletti, Lisa P.; Havrilla, George J.
Implementing automatic spot addressing and contour based segmentation in microarray image analysis
DNA microarrays have become a widely used technique by geneticists to diagnose or treat diseases through gene expression. The process of analysis gene expression with DNA microarrays is based on the hybridization of a tissue's DNA sequence into a substrate ... Keywords: DNA microarrays, contour segmentation, edge detection, image processing, segmentation, spot addressing
Alexandra Oliveros; Miguel Sotaquir�
Resistance spot welding of Ti-6A1-4V alloy
The effects of weld power, electrode force, electrode tip radius, and elapsed time between cleaning and welding on resistance spot welds in Ti-6Al-4V alloy were evaluated. The alloy is weldable by this technique, and a wide latitude can be taken in processing variables.
Jarboe, D.M.
On the Complexity of Market Power Assessment in the Electricity Spot Markets
On the Complexity of Market Power Assessment in the Electricity Spot Markets Poonsaeng Visudhiphan David Bertagnoli of the New England ISO for the informative discussion and insights. This work was supported in part by the members of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Energy Laboratory's Consortium
Ilic, Marija D.
ESTIA: A Real-Time Consumer Control Scheme for Space Conditioning Usage under Spot Electricity Pricing
rendering price forecasting practically unnecessary and reducing the data and computing requirements Pricing P. Constantopoulos University of Crete and Research Centre of Crete Heraklion, Crete, Greece F are now relatively inexpensive, so that hourly (or more frequent) "spot prices" of electri- city could
ESTIA: A RealTime Consumer Control Scheme for Space Conditioning Usage under Spot Electricity Pricing
, thereby rendering price forecasting practically unnecessary and reducing the data and computing Pricing P. Constantopoulos University of Crete and Research Centre of Crete Heraklion, Crete, Greece F are now relatively inexpensive, so that hourly (or more frequent) "spot prices" of electri city could
Hard prey, soft jaws and the ontogeny of feeding mechanics in the spotted ratfish
Hard prey, soft jaws and the ontogeny of feeding mechanics in the spotted ratfish Hydrolagus colliei is a holocephalan fish that consumes hard prey (durophagy) but lacks many morphological characters (Chondrichthyes: Holocephali) have branded them as hard prey specialists (Didier 1995; Grogan & Lund 2004
Summers, Adam P.
Hot-spot mix in ignition-scale implosions on the NIF
Ignition of an inertial confinement fusion (ICF) target depends on the formation of a central hot spot with sufficient temperature and areal density. Radiative and conductive losses from the hot spot can be enhanced by hydrodynamic instabilities. The concentric spherical layers of current National Ignition Facility (NIF) ignition targets consist of a plastic ablator surrounding a thin shell of cryogenic thermonuclear fuel (i.e., hydrogen isotopes), with fuel vapor filling the interior volume [S. W. Haan et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 051001 (2011)]. The Rev. 5 ablator is doped with Ge to minimize preheat of the ablator closest to the DT ice caused by Au M-band emission from the hohlraum x-ray drive [D. S. Clark et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 052703 (2010)]. Richtmyer-Meshkov and Rayleigh-Taylor hydrodynamic instabilities seeded by high-mode () ablator-surface perturbations can cause Ge-doped ablator to mix into the interior of the shell at the end of the acceleration phase [B. A. Hammel et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 056310 (2011)]. As the shell decelerates, it compresses the fuel vapor, forming a hot spot. K-shell line emission from the ionized Ge that has penetrated into the hot spot provides an experimental signature of hot-spot mix. The Ge emission from tritium-hydrogen-deuterium (THD) and deuterium-tritium (DT) cryogenic targets and gas-filled plastic-shell capsules, which replace the THD layer with a mass-equivalent CH layer, was examined. The inferred amount of hot-spot-mix mass, estimated from the Ge K-shell line brightness using a detailed atomic physics code [J. J. MacFarlane et al., High Energy Density Phys. 3, 181 (2006)], is typically below the 75-ng allowance for hot-spot mix [S. W. Haan et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 051001 (2011)]. Predictions of a simple mix model, based on linear growth of the measured surface-mass modulations, are consistent with the experimental results.
Regan, S. P.; Epstein, R.; McCrory, R. L.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C. [Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623-1299 (United States); Hammel, B. A.; Suter, L. J.; Ralph, J.; Scott, H.; Barrios, M. A.; Bradley, D. K.; Callahan, D. A.; Cerjan, C.; Collins, G. W.; Dixit, S. N.; Doeppner, T.; Edwards, M. J.; Farley, D. R.; Glenn, S.; Glenzer, S. H. [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 (United States); and others
,"Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price (Dollars per Million Btu)"
Annual",2012 Annual",2012 ,"Release Date:","12/18/2013" ,"Next Release Date:","12/27/2013" ,"Excel File Name:","rngwhhda.xls" ,"Available from Web Page:","http://tonto.eia.gov/dnav/ng/hist/rngwhhda.htm" ,"Source:" ,"For Help, Contact:","firstname.lastname@example.com" ,,"(202) 586-8800",,,"12/18/2013 12:22:19 PM" "Back to Contents","Data 1: Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price (Dollars per Million Btu)" "Sourcekey","RNGWHHD" "Date","Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price (Dollars per Million Btu)" 35611,2.49 35976,2.09 36341,2.27 36707,4.31 37072,3.96 37437,3.38 37802,5.47 38168,5.89 38533,8.69 38898,6.73
Magnetism, chemical spots, and stratification in the HgMn star phi Phoenicis
Mercury-manganese (HgMn) stars have been considered as non-magnetic and non-variable chemically peculiar (CP) stars for a long time. However, recent discoveries of the variability in spectral line profiles suggested an inhomogeneous surface distribution of chemical elements in some HgMn stars. From the studies of other CP stars it is known that magnetic field plays a key role in the formation of surface spots. All attempts to find magnetic fields in HgMn stars yielded negative results. In this study, we investigate a possible presence of the magnetic field in phi Phe (HD 11753) and reconstruct surface distribution of chemical elements that show variability in spectral lines. We also test a hypothesis that magnetic field is concentrated in chemical spots and look into the possibility that some chemical elements are stratified with depth in the stellar atmosphere.
Makaganiuk, V; Piskunov, N; Jeffers, S V; Johns-Krull, C M; Keller, C U; Rodenhuis, M; Snik, F; Stempels, H C; Valenti, J A
CoolSpots: Reducing the Power Consumption of Wireless Mobile Devices with Multiple Radio Interfaces
CoolSpots enable a wireless mobile device to automatically switch between multiple radio interfaces, such as WiFi and Bluetooth, in order to increase battery lifetime. The main contribution of this work is an exploration of the policies that enable a system to switch among these interfaces, each with diverse radio characteristics and different ranges, in order to save power � supported by detailed quantitative measurements. The system and policies do not require any changes to the mobile applications themselves, and changes required to existing infrastructure are minimal. Results are reported for a suite of commonly used applications, such as file transfer, web browsing, and streaming media, across a range of operating conditions. Experimental validation of the CoolSpot system on a mobile research platform shows substantial energy savings: more than a 50 % reduction in energy consumption of the wireless subsystem is possible, with an associated increase in the effective battery lifetime.
Trevor Pering; Yuvraj Agarwal; Rajesh Gupta; Comm Power
Point and Interval Forecasting of Spot Electricity Prices: Linear vs. Non-Linear Time Series Models
In this paper we assess the short-term forecasting power of different time series models in the electricity spot market. In particular we calibrate AR/ARX (�X� stands for exogenous/fundamental variable � system load in our study), AR/ARX-GARCH, TAR/TARX and Markov regime-switching models to California Power Exchange (CalPX) system spot prices. We then use them for out-ofsample point and interval forecasting in normal and extremely volatile periods preceding the market crash in winter 2000/2001. We find evidence that (i) non-linear, threshold regime-switching (TAR/TARX) models outperform their linear counterparts, both in point and interval forecasting, and that (ii) an additional GARCH component generally decreases point forecasting efficiency. Interestingly, the former result challenges a number of previously published studies on the failure of non-linear regime-switching models in forecasting.
Adam Misiorek; Stefan Trueck; Rafal Weron
Spot pricing of electricity and ancillary services in a competitive California market
Typically, in competitive electricity markets, the vertically integrated utilities that were responsible for ensuring system reliability in their own service territories, or groups of territories, cease to exist. The burden falls to an independent system operator (ISO) to ensure that enough ancillary services (AS) are available for safe, stable, and reliable operation of the grid, typically defined, in part, as compliance with officially approved engineering specifications for minimum levels of AS. In order to characterize the behavior of market participants (generators, retailers, and an ISO) in a competitive electricity market with reliability requirements, spot markets for both electricity and AS are modeled. By assuming that each participant seeks to maximize its wealth and that all markets clear, we solve for the optimal quantities of electricity and AS traded in the spot market by all participants, as well as the market clearing prices for each.
Siddiqui, A.S.; Marnay, C.; Khavkin, M.
Two self-referencing methods for the measurement of beam spot position
Purpose: Two quantitative methods of measuring electron beam spot position with respect to the collimator axis of rotation (CAOR) are described. Methods: Method 1 uses a cylindrical ion chamber (IC) mounted on a jig corotational with the collimator making the relationship among the chamber, jaws, and CAOR fixed and independent of collimator angle. A jaw parallel to the IC axis is set to zero and the IC position adjusted so that the IC signal is approximately 50% of the open field value, providing a large dose gradient in the region of the IC. The cGy/MU value is measured as a function of collimator rotation, e.g., every 30 Degree-Sign . If the beam spot does not lie on the CAOR, the signal from the ion chamber will vary with collimator rotation. Based on a measured spatial sensitivity, the distance of the beam spot from the CAOR can be calculated from the IC signal variation with rotation. The 2nd method is image based. Two stainless steel rods, 3 mm in diameter, are mounted to a jig attached to the Linac collimator. The rods, offset from the CAOR, lay in different planes normal to the CAOR, one at 158 cm SSD and the other at 70 cm SSD. As the collimator rotates the rods move tangent along an envelope circle, the centers of which are on the CAOR in their respective planes. Three images, each at a different collimator rotation, containing the shadows of both rods, are acquired on the Linac EPID. At each angle the shadow of the rods on the EPID defines lines tangent to the projection of the envelope circles. From these the authors determine the projected centers of the two circles at different heights. From the distance of these two points using the two heights and the source to EPID distance, the authors calculate the distance of the beam spot from the CAOR. Measurements with all two techniques were performed on an Elekta Linac. Measurements were performed with the beam spot in nominal clinical position and in a deliberately offset position. Measurements were also performed using the Flexmap image registration/ball-bearing test. Results: Within their uncertainties, both methods report the same beam spot displacement. In clinical use, a total of 203 monthly beam spot measurements on 14 different beams showed an average displacement of 0.11 mm ({sigma}= 0.07 mm) in-plane and 0.10 mm ({sigma}= 0.07 mm) cross-plane with maximum displacement of 0.37 mm in-plane and 0.34 mm cross-plane. Conclusions: The methods described provide a quantitative measure of beam spot position, are easy to use, and provide another tool for Linac setup and quality assurance. Fundamental to the techniques is that they are self-referencing-i.e., they do not require the user to independently define the CAOR.
Nyiri, Balazs J.; Smale, Jason R.; Gerig, Lee H. [Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa K1H 8L6 (Canada) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1H 8M5 (Canada); Elekta Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 1Z3 (Canada); Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa K1H 8L6 (Canada); Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa K1S 5B6 (Canada) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1H 8M5 (Canada)
Daily","12/16/2013" Daily","12/16/2013" ,"Release Date:","12/18/2013" ,"Next Release Date:","12/27/2013" ,"Excel File Name:","rngwhhdd.xls" ,"Available from Web Page:","http://tonto.eia.gov/dnav/ng/hist/rngwhhdd.htm" ,"Source:" ,"For Help, Contact:","firstname.lastname@example.com" ,,"(202) 586-8800",,,"12/18/2013 12:22:24 PM" "Back to Contents","Data 1: Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price (Dollars per Million Btu)" "Sourcekey","RNGWHHD" "Date","Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price (Dollars per Million Btu)" 35437,3.82 35438,3.8 35439,3.61 35440,3.92 35443,4 35444,4.01 35445,4.34 35446,4.71 35447,3.91
Spot test for 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, TATB
A simple, sensitive and specific spot test for 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, TATB, is described. Upon the application of the composition of matter of the subject invention to samples containing in excess of 0.1 mg of this explosive, a bright orange color results. Interfering species such as TNT and Tetryl can be removed by first treating the sample with a solvent which does not dissolve the TATB, but readily dissolves these interfering explosives.
Harris, B.W.
Modelling and evaluation of the 3G mobile networks with hot-spot WLANs
An analytical modelling and evaluation approach is developed for the integrated 3G/WLAN networks. The cell residence times of different types of users are modelled as a general distribution to adapt various mobility environments. The explicit expressions ... Keywords: 3G cellular networks, CAC, call admission control, channel occupancy time, horizontal handoff, hot spot WLANs, integration, local area networks, mobile networks, modelling, performance evaluation, traffic analysis, vertical handoff, wireless LANs, wireless networks
Shensheng Tang; Wei Li
A simple, sensitive and specific spot test for 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, TATB, is described. Upon the application of the composition of matter of the present invention to samples containing in excess of 0.1 mg of this explosive, a bright orange color results. Interfering species such as TNT and Tetryl can be removed by first treating the sample with a solvent which does not dissolve much of the TATB, but readily dissolves these explosives.
Harris, Betty W. (Los Alamos, NM)
Friction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW) of Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS)
Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is applied to join advanced high strength steels (AHSS): galvannealed dual phase 780 MPa steel (DP780GA), transformation induced plasticity 780 MPa steel (TRIP780), and hot-stamped boron steel (HSBS). A low-cost Si3N4 ceramic tool was developed and used for making welds in this study instead of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) material used in earlier studies. FSSW has the advantages of solid-state, low-temperature process, and the ability of joining dissimilar grade of steels and thicknesses. Two different tool shoulder geometries, concave with smooth surface and convex with spiral pattern, were used in the study. Welds were made by a 2-step displacement control process with weld time of 4, 6, and 10 seconds. Static tensile lap-shear strength achieved 16.4 kN for DP780GA-HSBS and 13.2kN for TRIP780-HSBS, above the spot weld strength requirements by AWS. Nugget pull-out was the failure mode of the joint. The joining mechanism was illustrated from the cross-section micrographs. Microhardness measurement showed hardening in the upper sheet steel (DP780GA or TRIP780) in the weld, but softening of HSBS in the heat-affect zone (HAZ). The study demonstrated the feasibility of making high-strength AHSS spot welds with low-cost tools.
Santella, M. L.; Hovanski, Yuri; Pan, Tsung-Yu
Essays on price dynamics, discovery, and dynamic threshold effects among energy spot markets in North America
Given the role electricity and natural gas sectors play in the North American economy, an understanding of how markets for these commodities interact is important. This dissertation independently characterizes the price dynamics of major electricity and natural gas spot markets in North America by combining directed acyclic graphs with time series analyses. Furthermore, the dissertation explores a generalization of price difference bands associated with the law of one price. Interdependencies among 11 major electricity spot markets are examined in Chapter II using a vector autoregression model. Results suggest that the relationships between the markets vary by time. Western markets are separated from the eastern markets and the Electricity Reliability Council of Texas. At longer time horizons these separations disappear. Palo Verde is the important spot market in the west for price discovery. Southwest Power Pool is the dominant market in Eastern Interconnected System for price discovery. Interdependencies among eight major natural gas spot markets are investigated using a vector error correction model and the Greedy Equivalence Search Algorithm in Chapter III. Findings suggest that the eight price series are tied together through sixlong-run cointegration relationships, supporting the argument that the natural gas market has developed into a single integrated market in North America since deregulation. Results indicate that price discovery tends to occur in the excess consuming regions and move to the excess producing regions. Across North America, the U.S. Midwest region, represented by the Chicago spot market, is the most important for price discovery. The Ellisburg-Leidy Hub in Pennsylvania and Malin Hub in Oregon are important for eastern and western markets. In Chapter IV, a threshold vector error correction model is applied to the natural gas markets to examine nonlinearities in adjustments to the law of one price. Results show that there are nonlinear adjustments to the law of one price in seven pair-wise markets. Four alternative cases for the law of one price are presented as a theoretical background. A methodology is developed for finding a threshold cointegration model that accounts for seasonality in the threshold levels. Results indicate that dynamic threshold effects vary depending on geographical location and whether the markets are excess producing or excess consuming markets.
Park, Haesun
Potential Vorticity and Layer Thickness Variations in the Flow around Jupiter's Great Red Spot and White Oval BC
Layer thickness variations in Jupiter's atmosphere are investigated by treating potential vorticity as a conserved tracer. Starting with the horizontal velocity field measured from Voyager images, fluid trajectories around the Great Red Spot (GRS)...
Measurement of focal spot size with slit camera using computed radiography and flat-panel based digital detectors
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of digital x-ray imagingdetectors for the measurement of diagnostic x-ray tube focal spot size using a slit camera. Slit cameraimages of two focal spots for a radiographicx-ray tube were acquired with direct-exposure film (DF) (as specified by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association [NEMA] Standards Publication No. XR 5
Xiujiang J. Rong; Kerry T. Krugh; S. Jeff Shepard; William R. Geiser
A modified unit decommitment algorithm in combined heat and power production planning
This paper addresses the unit commitment in multi-period combined heat and power (CHP) production planning, considering the possibility to trade power on the spot market. We present a modified unit decommitment algorithm (MUD) that starts with a good ... Keywords: combined heat and power production, deregulated power market, energy optimization, modelling, modified unit decommitment, unit commitment
Aiying Rong; Risto Lahdelma
Numerical studies of third-harmonic generation in laser filament in air perturbed by plasma spot
Third-harmonic emission from laser filament intercepted by plasma spot is studied by numerical simulations. Significant enhancement of the third-harmonic generation is obtained due to the disturbance of the additional plasma. The contribution of the pure plasma effect and the possible plasma-enhanced third-order susceptibility on the third-harmonic generation enhancement are compared. It is shown that the plasma induced cancellation of destructive interference [Y. Liu et al., Opt. Commun. 284, 4706 (2011)] of two-colored filament is the dominant mechanism of the enhancement of third-harmonic generation.
Feng Liubin [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190 (China); Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Department of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 (China); Lu Xin; Liu Xiaolong; Li Yutong; Chen Liming; Ma Jinglong; Dong Quanli; Wang Weimin [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190 (China); Xi Tingting [College of Physical Sciences, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China); Sheng Zhengming; Zhang Jie [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190 (China); Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas of the Ministry of Education of China and Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); He Duanwei [Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Department of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 (China)
Resistance spot welding of ultra-fine grained steel sheets produced by constrained groove pressing: Optimization and characterization
Constrained groove pressing as a severe plastic deformation method is utilized to produce ultra-fine grained low carbon steel sheets. The ultra-fine grained sheets are joined via resistance spot welding process and the characteristics of spot welds are investigated. Resistance spot welding process is optimized for welding of the sheets with different severe deformations and their results are compared with those of as-received samples. The effects of failure mode and expulsion on the performance of ultra-fine grained sheet spot welds have been investigated in the present paper and the welding current and time of resistance spot welding process according to these subjects are optimized. Failure mode and failure load obtained in tensile-shear test, microhardness, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope images have been used to describe the performance of spot welds. The region between interfacial to pullout mode transition and expulsion limit is defined as the optimum welding condition. The results show that optimum welding parameters (welding current and welding time) for ultra-fine grained sheets are shifted to lower values with respect to those for as-received specimens. In ultra-fine grained sheets, one new region is formed named recrystallized zone in addition to fusion zone, heat affected zone and base metal. It is shown that microstructures of different zones in ultra-fine grained sheets are finer than those of as-received sheets. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Resistance spot welding process is optimized for joining of UFG steel sheets. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Optimum welding current and time are decreased with increasing the CGP pass number. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Microhardness at BM, HAZ, FZ and recrystallized zone is enhanced due to CGP.
Khodabakhshi, F.; Kazeminezhad, M., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Kokabi, A.H.
Microsoft Word - US-EU WORKSHOP on RARE EARTHS Program 20101206
Trans-Atlantic Workshop Trans-Atlantic Workshop on Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical Materials for a Clean Energy Future Hosted by the MIT Energy Initiative Massachusetts Institute of Technology 400 Main Street, Building E19-307, Cambridge, Massachusetts December 3, 2010 Workshop Background Rare earth elements and other critical raw materials are essential to our industrial production, particularly for clean energy options like wind turbines, solar cells, electric vehicles, and energy- efficient lighting. Wind turbines are the most rapidly growing source of electricity generation in both Europe and the United States. Solar photovoltaic cells are steadily declining in cost, and their widespread, cost-effective use on power grids is anticipated within the coming decade.
Multi-Scale Multi-physics Methods Development for the Calculation of Hot-Spots in the NGNP
Radioactive gaseous fission products are released out of the fuel element at a significantly higher rate when the fuel temperature exceeds 1600�C in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs). Therefore, it is of paramount importance to accurately predict the peak fuel temperature during all operational and design-basis accident conditions. The current methods used to predict the peak fuel temperature in HTGRs, such as the Next-Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP), estimate the average fuel temperature in a computational mesh modeling hundreds of fuel pebbles or a fuel assembly in a pebble-bed reactor (PBR) or prismatic block type reactor (PMR), respectively. Experiments conducted in operating HTGRs indicate considerable uncertainty in the current methods and correlations used to predict actual temperatures. The objective of this project is to improve the accuracy in the prediction of local "hot" spots by developing multi-scale, multi- physics methods and implementing them within the framework of established codes used for NGNP analysis. The multi-scale approach which this project will implement begins with defining suitable scales for a physical and mathematical model and then deriving and applying the appropriate boundary conditions between scales. The macro scale is the greatest length that describes the entire reactor, whereas the meso scale models only a fuel block in a prismatic reactor and ten to hundreds of pebbles in a pebble bed reactor. The smallest scale is the micro scale--the level of a fuel kernel of the pebble in a PBR and fuel compact in a PMR--which needs to be resolved in order to calculate the peak temperature in a fuel kernel.
Downar, Thomas; Seker, Volkan
Grain-Scale Simulations of Hot-Spot Initiation for Shocked TATB
High-explosive (HE) material consists of large-sized grains with micron-sized embedded impurities and pores. Under various mechanical/thermal insults, these pores collapse generating high-temperature regions leading to ignition. A computational study has been performed to investigate the mechanisms of pore collapse and hot spot initiation in TATB crystals, employing the thermohydrodynamics arbitrary-Lagrange-Eulerian code ALE3D. This initial study includes non-reactive dynamics to isolate the thermal and hydrodynamical effects. Two-dimensional high-resolution large-scale meso-scale simulations have been undertaken. We study an axisymmetric configuration for pore radii ranging from 0.5 to 2{micro}m, with initial shock pressures in the range from 3 to 11 GPa. A Mie-Gruneisen Equation of State (EOS) model is used for TATB, and includes a constant yield strength and shear modulus; while the air in the pore invokes a Livermore Equation of State (LEOS) model. The parameter space is systematically studied by considering various shock strengths, pore diameters and material properties. We find that thermal diffusion from the collapsed pores has an important effect in generating high-temperature hot spots in the TATB.
Najjar, F; Howard, W; Fried, L
Wear testing of friction stir spot welding tools for joining of DP 980 Steel
Friction stir spot welding has been shown to be a viable method of joining ultra high strength steel (UHSS), both in terms of joint strength and process cycle time. However, the cost of tooling must be reasonable in order for this method to be adopted as an industrial process. Several tooling materials have been evaluated in prior studies, including silicon nitride and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN). Recently a new tool alloy has been developed, where a blend of PCBN and tungsten rhenium (W-Re) was used in order to improve the toughness of the tool. Wear testing results are presented for two of these alloys: one with a composition of 60% PCBN and 40% W-Re (designated as Q60), and one with 70% PCBN and 30% W-Re (designated at Q70). The sheet material used for all wear testing was DP 980. Tool profiles were measured periodically during the testing process in order to show the progression of wear as a function of the number of spots produced. Lap shear testing was done each time a tool profile was taken in order to show the relationship between tool wear and joint strength. For the welding parameters chosen for this study the Q70 tool provided the best combination of wear resistance and joint strength.
Ridges, Chris; Miles, Michael; Hovanski, Yuri; Peterson, Jeremy; Steel, Russell
Glass Production
40, pp. 162 - 186. Glass Production, Shortland, UEE 2009AINES Short Citation: Shortland 2009, Glass Production. UEE.Andrew, 2009, Glass Production. In Willeke Wendrich (ed. ),
Shortland, Andrew
Production Targets
Hall (2005), �Prices, Production, and Inventories over theProduction Targets ? Guillermo Caruana CEMFI caruana@cem?.esthe theory using monthly production targets of the Big Three
Caruana, Guillermo; Einav, Liran
Pottery Production
Paul T. Nicholson. ) Pottery Production, Nicholson, UEE 2009Short Citation: Nicholson 2009, Pottery Production. UEE.Paul T. , 2009, Pottery Production. In Willeke Wendrich (
Nicholson, Paul T.
Cordage Production
294: fig. 15-3). Cordage Production, Veldmeijer, UEE 2009Short Citation: Veldmeijer, 2009, Cordage Production. UEE.Andr� J. , 2009, Cordage Production. In Willeke Wendrich (
Veldmeijer, Andr� J.
Gas reservoir sweet spot detection and delineation in Rocky Mountain laramide basins. Topical report, May 1993-March 1996
The determination of the position and configuration of the pressure boundary between normal and anomalously pressured regimes, and the detection and delineation of porosity/permeability `sweet spots` below this boundary are the two most important elements in exploring for basin-center or deep-basin gas in Rocky Mountain Laramide Basins. These two exploration elements from the basis for a new exploration paradigm. To utilize this new paradigm, the following tasks need to be included in the exploration strategy: (1) determine the position of the pressure boundary; (2) evaluate the three-dimensional aspects of the pressure boundary surface; (3) determine which depositional facies has the greatest potential for enhances storage capacity and deliverability below the pressure boundary; (4) document the determinative factors that control sweet spot development in the targeted lithofacies; and (5) detect and delineate sweet spots using 2-D and 3-D models of eletric log responses and seismic data.
Surdam, R.C.; Iverson, W.O.; Yin, P.
Hydrogen Production
Hydrogen Production DELIVERY FUEL CELLS STORAGE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY VALIDATION CODES & STANDARDS SYSTEMS INTEGRATION ANALYSES SAFETY EDUCATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Economy...
In R&D, Super X-rays Mark Many Spots
A New Gas Loading System for Diamond Anvil Cells at GSECARS A New Gas Loading System for Diamond Anvil Cells at GSECARS Sidorowicz Named "Supervisor of the Year" SESS 2007: The School for Environmental Sciences with Synchrotrons Art and Science A Breakthrough in Interface Science APS News Archives: 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 2000 Subscribe to APS News rss feed In R&D, Super X-rays Mark Many Spots MARCH 11, 2008 Bookmark and Share Research and Design Magazine "The Advanced Photon Source (APS) at the U.S. Dept. of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory has been kept busy of late." That's the first sentence of R&D Magazine's recent overview of research results from the APS. The article highlights "a new ultrafast synchrotron x-ray full-field phase contrast imaging technique and used it to reveal
Reciprocal space mapping by spot profile analyzing low energy electron diffraction
We present an experimental approach for the recording of two-dimensional reciprocal space maps using spot profile analyzing low energy electron diffraction (SPA-LEED). A specialized alignment procedure eliminates the shifting of LEED patterns on the screen which is commonly observed upon variation of the electron energy. After the alignment, a set of one-dimensional sections through the diffraction pattern is recorded at different energies. A freely available software tool is used to assemble the sections into a reciprocal space map. The necessary modifications of the Burr-Brown computer interface of the two Leybold and Omicron type SPA-LEED instruments are discussed and step-by-step instructions are given to adapt the SPA 4.1d software to the changed hardware. Au induced faceting of 4 deg. vicinal Si(001) is used as an example to demonstrate the technique.
Meyer zu Heringdorf, Frank-J.; Horn-von Hoegen, Michael [Institut fuer Experimentelle Physik, Universitaet Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen (Germany)
Analytic criteria for shock ignition of fusion reactions in a central hot spot
Shock ignition is an inertial confinement fusion scheme where the ignition conditions are achieved in two steps. First, the DT shell is compressed at a low implosion velocity creating a central core at a low temperature and a high density. Then, a strong spherical converging shock is launched before the fuel stagnation time. It increases the central pressure and ignites the core. It is shown in this paper that this latter phase can be described analytically by using a self-similar solution to the equations of ideal hydrodynamics. A high and uniformly distributed pressure in the hot spot can be created thus providing favorable conditions for ignition. Analytic ignition criteria are obtained that relate the areal density of the compressed core with the shock velocity. The conclusions of the analytical model are confirmed in full hydrodynamic simulations.
Ribeyre, X.; Tikhonchuk, V. T.; Breil, J.; Lafon, M.; Le Bel, E. [Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, Universite Bordeaux 1-CEA-CNRS, Talence 33405 (France)
Impact of tool wear on joint strength in friction stir spot welding of DP 980 steel
Friction stir spot welding has been shown to be a viable method of joining ultra high strength steel (UHSS), both in terms of joint strength and process cycle time. However, the cost of tooling must be reasonable in order for this method to be adopted as an industrial process. Recently a new tool alloy has been developed, using a blend of PCBN and tungsten rhenium (W-Re) in order to improve the toughness of the tool. Wear testing results are presented for two of these alloys: one with a composition of 60% PCBN and 40% W-Re, and one with 70% PCBN and 30% W-Re. The sheet material used for all wear testing was 1.4 mm DP 980. Lap shear testing was used to show the relationship between tool wear and joint strength. The Q70 tool provided the best combination of wear resistance and joint strength.
Miles, Michael; Ridges, Chris; Hovanski, Yuri; Peterson, Jeremy; Santella, M. L.; Steel, Russel
Empirical Analysis of the Spot Market Implications ofPrice-Responsive Demand
Regardless of the form of restructuring, deregulatedelectricity industries share one common feature: the absence of anysignificant, rapid demand-side response to the wholesale (or, spotmarket) price. For a variety of reasons, most electricity consumers stillpay an average cost based regulated retail tariff held over from the eraof vertical integration, even as the retailers themselves are oftenforced to purchase electricity at volatile wholesale prices set in openmarkets. This results in considerable price risk for retailers, who aresometimes additionally forbidden by regulators from signing hedgingcontracts. More importantly, because end-users do not perceive real-time(or even hourly or daily) fluctuations in the wholesale price ofelectricity, they have no incentive to adjust their consumptionaccordingly. Consequently, demand for electricity is highly inelastic,which together with the non storability of electricity that requiresmarket clearing over very short time steps spawn many other problemsassociated with electricity markets, such as exercise of market power andprice volatility. Indeed, electricity generation resources can bestretched to the point where system adequacy is threatened. Economictheory suggests that even modest price responsiveness can relieve thestress on generation resources and decrease spot prices. To quantify thiseffect, actual generator bid data from the New York control area is usedto construct supply stacks and intersect them with demand curves ofvarious slopes to approximate the effect of different levels of demandresponse. The potential impact of real-time pricing (RTP) on theequilibrium spot price and quantity is then estimated. These resultsindicate the immediate benefits that could be derived from a moreprice-responsive demand providing policymakers with a measure of howprices can be potentially reduced and consumption maintained within thecapability of generation assets.
Empirical analysis of the spot market implications ofprice-elastic demand
Regardless of the form of restructuring, deregulated electricity industries share one common feature: the absence of any significant, rapid demand-side response to the wholesale (or, spotmarket) price. For a variety of reasons, electricity industries continue to charge most consumers an average cost based on regulated retail tariff from the era of vertical integration, even as the retailers themselves are forced to purchase electricity at volatile wholesale prices set in open markets. This results in considerable price risk for retailers, who are sometimes forbidden by regulators from signing hedging contracts. More importantly, because end-users do not perceive real-time (or even hourly or daily) fluctuations in the wholesale price of electricity, they have no incentive to adjust their consumption in response to price signals. Consequently, demand for electricity is highly inelastic, and electricity generation resources can be stretched to the point where system stability is threatened. This, then, facilitates many other problems associated with electricity markets, such as market power and price volatility. Indeed, economic theory suggests that even modestly price-responsive demand can remove the stress on generation resources and decrease spot prices. To test this theory, we use actual generator bid data from the New York control area to construct supply stacks, and intersect them with demand curves of various slopes to approximate different levels of demand elasticity. We then estimate the potential impact of real-time pricing on the equilibrium spot price and quantity. These results indicate the immediate benefits that could be derived from a more price-elastic demand. Such analysis can provide policymakers with a measure of how effective price-elastic demand can potentially reduce prices and maintain consumption within the capability of generation resources.
The Eastern red-spotted newt Notophthalmus viridescens uses the geomagnetic field for two forms of spatial orientation: (1)
The Eastern red-spotted newt Notophthalmus viridescens uses the geomagnetic field for two forms also use the geomagnetic field to derive map information (Fischer et al., 2001; Phillips et al., 2002 from the geomagnetic field (Phillips and Borland, 1994). Under long- wavelength light, therefore
Phillips, John B.
Beam power and angle adaptation in multibeam 2.5 Gbit/s spot diffusing mobile optical wireless system
Mobility can induce significant signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance degradation in optical wireless (OW) systems based on diffuse as well as spot-diffusing configurations. Two methods (beam angle and beam power adaptation) are introduced to the design ... Keywords: beam angle adaptation, diversity receiver, optical wireless communication, transmit power adaptation
Fuad E. Alsaadi; Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani
Adiabatic surface thermometer for improved production braze quality
An adiabatic surface thermometer was developed to control automatically the critical temperature-time cycle of a production vacuum-brazing process. Investigations revealed that optimum braze-joint strength required precise control of the brazing temperature. Spot-welded thermocouples could not be used because the spot welds cause surface damage. This thermometer touches the surface and uses a differential thermocouple and heater to measure surface temperature without heat flow, thereby eliminating large errors caused by conduction losses common to conventional spring-loaded thermocouples. Temperatures in air or vacuum are measured to 800$sup 0$C with errors less than 5$sup 0$C. This thermometer has minimized the rejection of production parts, resulting in a cost saving to the U. S. Energy Research and Development Administration. (auth)
Dittbenner, G.R.
We introduce the numbers of hot and cold spots, n{sub h} and n{sub c} , of excursion sets of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropy maps as statistical observables that can discriminate different non-Gaussian models. We numerically compute them from simulations of non-Gaussian CMB temperature fluctuation maps. The first kind of non-Gaussian model we study is the local type primordial non-Gaussianity. The second kind of model has some specific form of the probability distribution function from which the temperature fluctuation value at each pixel is drawn, obtained using HEALPIX. We find the characteristic non-Gaussian deviation shapes of n{sub h} and n{sub c} , which is distinct for each of the models under consideration. We further demonstrate that n{sub h} and n{sub c} carry additional information compared to the genus, which is just their linear combination, making them valuable additions to the Minkowski Functionals in constraining non-Gaussianity.
Chingangbam, Pravabati [Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Koramangala II Block, Bangalore 560034 (India); Park, Changbom [Korea Institute for Advanced Study, 85 Hoegiro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-722 (Korea, Republic of); Yogendran, K. P. [Indian Institute for Science Education and Research, Mohali (India); Van de Weygaert, Rien, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9747 AV Groningen (Netherlands)
Outsourcing with Long Term Contracts: Capital Structure and Product Market Competition Effects ?
This paper analyzes how capital structure and product market competition affect the firms � choice between outsourcing with long term contracts and outsourcing to the spot market. When outsourcing to the spot market firms are exposed to price uncertainty, whereas a long term contract allows them to set in advance the outsourcing price. We show that, to the extent that leverage and uncertainty can lead to financial distress costs in bad states of nature, firms may use long term contracts as a risk management device to hedge input price uncertainty. With a monopoly in the final product market, the outsourcing decision involves a trade-off between a positive convexity effect of input price uncertainty under the spot regime and the option to avoid financial distress costs under the long term contract regime. Moreover, product market competition among buyers can lead to an increase in financial distress costs not only for firms outsourcing to the spot market but also for firms outsourcing with a long term contract. We examine the monopolist�s outsourcing decision and derive the equilibrium for an oligopoly, and show that the equilibrium depends on the magnitude of these costs and on the level of efficiency of the supplier.
Jo�o C. A. Teixeira; I Ph. D; Bart M. Lambrecht; Grzegorz Pawlina
The IkBa/NF-kB complex has two hot spots, one at either end of the interface
The IkBa/NF-kB complex has two hot spots, one at either end of the interface SIMON BERGQVIST,1 of NF-kB family members via its ankyrin repeat (AR) domain. The binding affinity of IkBa with NF-kB(p50/p65) heterodimers and NF-kB(p65/65) homodimers is in the picomolar range, and in the cell
Komives, Elizabeth A.
A comparison of automated land cover/use classification methods for a Texas bottomland hardwood system using lidar, spot-5, and ancillary data
Bottomland hardwood forests are highly productive ecosystems which perform many important ecological services. Unfortunately, many bottomland hardwood forests have been degraded or lost. Accurate land cover mapping is crucial for management decisions affecting these disappearing systems. SPOT-5 imagery from 2005 was combined with Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data from 2006 and several ancillary datasets to map a portion of the bottomland hardwood system found in the Sulphur River Basin of Northeast Texas. Pixel-based classification techniques, rulebased classification techniques, and object-based classification techniques were used to distinguish nine land cover types in the area. The rule-based classification (84.41% overall accuracy) outperformed the other classification methods because it more effectively incorporated the LiDAR and ancillary datasets when needed. This output was compared to previous classifications from 1974, 1984, 1991, and 1997 to determine abundance trends in the area�s bottomland hardwood forests. The classifications from 1974-1991 were conducted using identical class definitions and input imagery (Landsat MSS 60m), and the direct comparison demonstrates an overall declining trend in bottomland hardwood abundance. The trend levels off in 1997 when medium resolution imagery was first utilized (Landsat TM 30m) and the 2005 classification also shows an increase in bottomland hardwood from 1997 to 2005, when SPOT-5 10m imagery was used. However, when the classifications are re-sampled to the same resolution (60m), the percent area of bottomland hardwood consistently decreases from 1974-2005. Additional investigation of object-oriented classification proved useful. A major shortcoming of object-based classification is limited justification regarding the selection of segmentation parameters. Often, segmentation parameters are arbitrarily defined using general guidelines or are determined through a large number of parameter combinations. This research justifies the selection of segmentation parameters through a process that utilizes landscape metrics and statistical techniques to determine ideal segmentation parameters. The classification resulting from these parameters outperforms the classification resulting from arbitrary parameters by approximately three to six percent in terms of overall accuracy, demonstrating that landscape metrics can be successfully linked to segmentation parameters in order to create image objects that more closely resemble real-world objects and result in a more accurate final classification.
Vernon, Zachary Isaac
RMOTC - Production
Production Production RMOTC Pumpjack in action During the process of the sale of NPR-3, RMOTC will focus on maximizing the value of the NPR-3 site and will continue with its Production Optimization Projects. NPR-3 includes 9,481 acres with more than 400 oil-producing wells. Current oil production is at approximately 240 barrels of oil per day. In July 2013, RMOTC began working on a number of Production Optimization Projects within the NPR-3 field, with the goal to optimize and improve flow and efficiency. Production Optimization Projects include repairing and replacing existing infrastructure with new infrastructure in order to optimize current wells and bring additional wells online. These Production Optimization Projects will continue throughout 2013 and are focused on improving current production and creating revenue for the America tax payer.
Antihydrogen production
Antihydrogen production in ATHENA is analyzed more carefully. The most important peculiarities of the different experimental situations are discussed. The protonium production via the first matter-antimatter chemical reaction is commented too.
Rizzini, Evandro Lodi; Venturelli, Luca; Zurlo, Nicola [Dipartimento di Chimica e Fisica per l'Ingegneria e per i Materiali, Universita di Brescia, 25133 Brescia (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Gruppo Collegato di Brescia, 25133 Brescia (Italy)
Tin Production
...descending order, Brazil, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Bolivia, and Australia. These countries supply more than 85% of total world production....
Topic: Productivity
... General Information: 301-975-5020 mfg@nist ... competitive in the global market, companies need to ... become more efficient in energy, production and ...
OIL PRODUCTION Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) is a term applied to methods used for recovering oil from a petroleum reservoir beyond that recoverable by primary and secondary methods....
Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
Hydrogen Production Hydrogen Research in DOE Databases Energy Citations Database Information Bridge Science.gov WorldWideScience.org Increase your H2IQ More information Making...
Silicon Production
Mar 12, 2012 ... An Investigation into the Electrochemical Production of Si by the FFC Cambridge Process: Emre Erg�l1; ?shak Karakaya2; Metehan Erdo?an2;�...
Oxygen chemisorption on Cu(19 19 1) studied by spot profile analysis low-energy electron diffraction
Cu(110) and the vicinal Cu(19 19 1) surfaces were characterized by recording maps of the reciprocal space by means of spot profile analysis low-energy electron diffraction (SPA-LEED). For both surfaces, kinematic simulations were performed to get insight into the main features of the experimental data. Furthermore, it is shown that chemisorption of oxygen and subsequent annealing lead to the formation of a Cu-CuO stripe phase and induce faceting of the Cu(19 19 1) surface. The evolution from the clean Cu(19 19 1) surface to the coexistence of the (110) and (111) facets with increasing oxygen exposure was characterized by SPA-LEED.
Brandstetter, T.; Draxler, M.; Hohage, M.; Zeppenfeld, P. [Institut fuer Experimentalphysik, Johannes Kepler Universitaet Linz, A-4040 Linz (Austria)
Magnetostatic focal spot correction for x-ray tubes operating in strong magnetic fields using iterative optimization
Purpose: Combining x-ray fluoroscopy and MR imaging systems for guidance of interventional procedures has become more commonplace. By designing an x-ray tube that is immune to the magnetic fields outside of the MR bore, the two systems can be placed in close proximity to each other. A major obstacle to robust x-ray tube design is correcting for the effects of the magnetic fields on the x-ray tube focal spot. A potential solution is to design active shielding that locally cancels the magnetic fields near the focal spot. Methods: An iterative optimization algorithm is implemented to design resistive active shielding coils that will be placed outside the x-ray tube insert. The optimization procedure attempts to minimize the power consumption of the shielding coils while satisfying magnetic field homogeneity constraints. The algorithm is composed of a linear programming step and a nonlinear programming step that are interleaved with each other. The coil results are verified using a finite element space charge simulation of the electron beam inside the x-ray tube. To alleviate heating concerns an optimized coil solution is derived that includes a neodymium permanent magnet. Any demagnetization of the permanent magnet is calculated prior to solving for the optimized coils. The temperature dynamics of the coil solutions are calculated using a lumped parameter model, which is used to estimate operation times of the coils before temperature failure. Results: For a magnetic field strength of 88 mT, the algorithm solves for coils that consume 588 A/cm{sup 2}. This specific coil geometry can operate for 15 min continuously before reaching temperature failure. By including a neodymium magnet in the design the current density drops to 337 A/cm{sup 2}, which increases the operation time to 59 min. Space charge simulations verify that the coil designs are effective, but for oblique x-ray tube geometries there is still distortion of the focal spot shape along with deflections of approximately 3 mm in the radial and circumferential directions on the anode. Conclusions: Active shielding is an attractive solution for correcting the effects of magnetic fields on the x-ray focal spot. If extremely long fluoroscopic exposure times are required, longer operation times can be achieved by including a permanent magnet with the active shielding design.
Lillaney, Prasheel; Shin, Mihye; Conolly, Steven M.; Fahrig, Rebecca [Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States) and Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States) and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States); Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States) and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States); Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States)
Fuel Cell Technologies Publication and Product Library (EERE)
This 2-page fact sheet provides a brief introduction to hydrogen production technologies. Intended for a non-technical audience, it explains how different resources and processes can be used to produ
employer. Abstract Empirical Analysis of the Spot Market Implications of Price-Responsive Demand
This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California.
Ernest Orlando Lawrence; Afzal S. Siddiqui; Emily S. Bartholomew; Chris Marnay; Afzal S Siddiqui; Emily S Bartholomew; Chris Marnay
Product Price Spreads Over Crude Oil Vary With Seasons and Supply/Demand
6 6 Notes: Of course, petroleum product prices don't move in lockstep to crude oil prices, for a number of reasons. We find it useful to look at variations in the spread between product and crude oil prices, in this case comparing spot market prices for each. The difference between heating oil and crude oil spot prices tends to vary seasonally; that is, it's generally higher in the winter, when demand for distillate fuels is higher due to heating requirements, and lower in the summer. (Gasoline, as we'll see later, generally does the opposite.) However, other factors affecting supply and demand, including the relative severity of winter weather, can greatly distort these "typical" seasonal trends. As seen on this chart, the winters of 1995-96 and 1996-97 featured
Corrosion Product Transport during Boiling Water Reactor and Pressurized Water Reactor Startups
Corrosion product transport to Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) steam generators and to the Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) reactor vessel during startups is of increased interest due to reductions in feedwater transport rates during normal operation and the recent emphasis on minimizing total transport during the cycle. Reductions in transport will reduce deposition on the fuel and the tendency for hot spot formation in BWRs and reduce surface fouling and the tendency for formation of aggressive chemical sol...
Hydrogen production
The production of hydrogen by reacting an ash containing material with water and at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine to form reaction products including carbon dioxide and a corresponding hydrogen halide is claimed. The hydrogen halide is decomposed to separately release the hydrogen and the halogen. The halogen is recovered for reaction with additional carbonaceous materials and water, and the hydrogen is recovered as a salable product. In a preferred embodiment the carbonaceous material, water and halogen are reacted at an elevated temperature. In accordance with another embodiment, a continuous method for the production of hydrogen is provided wherein the carbonaceous material, water and at least one selected halogen are reacted in one zone, and the hydrogen halide produced from the reaction is decomposed in a second zone, preferably by electrolytic decomposition, to release the hydrogen for recovery and the halogen for recycle to the first zone. There also is provided a method for recovering any halogen which reacts with or is retained in the ash constituents of the carbonaceous material.
Darnell, A.J.; Parkins, W.E.
Product Forms
Table 1 Wrought alloy products and tempers...or cold-finished Rivets Forgings and forging stock Foil Fin stock Drawn Extruded Rod Bar Wire 1050 . . . . . . . . . H112 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1060 O, H12, H14, H16, H18 O, H12, H14, H112 O, H12, H14, H18, H113 O, H112 . . . .
Using a Reduced Spot Size for Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy Potentially Improves Salivary Gland-Sparing in Oropharyngeal Cancer
Purpose: To investigate whether intensity-modulated proton therapy with a reduced spot size (rsIMPT) could further reduce the parotid and submandibular gland dose compared with previously calculated IMPT plans with a larger spot size. In addition, it was investigated whether the obtained dose reductions would theoretically translate into a reduction of normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCPs). Methods: Ten patients with N0 oropharyngeal cancer were included in a comparative treatment planning study. Both IMPT plans delivered simultaneously 70 Gy to the boost planning target volume (PTV) and 54 Gy to the elective nodal PTV. IMPT and rsIMPT used identical three-field beam arrangements. In the IMPT plans, the parotid and submandibular salivary glands were spared as much as possible. rsIMPT plans used identical dose-volume objectives for the parotid glands as those used by the IMPT plans, whereas the objectives for the submandibular glands were tightened further. NTCPs were calculated for salivary dysfunction and xerostomia. Results: Target coverage was similar for both IMPT techniques, whereas rsIMPT clearly improved target conformity. The mean doses in the parotid glands and submandibular glands were significantly lower for three-field rsIMPT (14.7 Gy and 46.9 Gy, respectively) than for three-field IMPT (16.8 Gy and 54.6 Gy, respectively). Hence, rsIMPT significantly reduced the NTCP of patient-rated xerostomia and parotid and contralateral submandibular salivary flow dysfunction (27%, 17%, and 43% respectively) compared with IMPT (39%, 20%, and 79%, respectively). In addition, mean dose values in the sublingual glands, the soft palate and oral cavity were also decreased. Obtained dose and NTCP reductions varied per patient. Conclusions: rsIMPT improved sparing of the salivary glands and reduced NTCP for xerostomia and parotid and submandibular salivary dysfunction, while maintaining similar target coverage results. It is expected that rsIMPT improves quality of life during and after radiotherapy treatment.
Water, Tara A. van de, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (Netherlands); Lomax, Antony J. [Centre for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI (Switzerland); Bijl, Hendrik P.; Schilstra, Cornelis [Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (Netherlands); Hug, Eugen B. [Centre for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI (Switzerland); Langendijk, Johannes A. [Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (Netherlands)
Production Practice
...Figure 1 shows the sequence of shapes in the production of a hollow handle for a table knife formed and coined in a 410 kg (900 lb) pneumatic drop hammer. The work metal was 0.81 mm (0.032 in.) thick copper alloy C75700 (nickel silver, 65�??12) annealed to a hardness of 35 to 45 HRB; blank size was 25 by...
Biofuel Production
Copyright � 2011 Hiroshi Sakuragi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Large amounts of fossil fuels are consumed every day in spite of increasing environmental problems. To preserve the environment and construct a sustainable society, the use of biofuels derived from different kinds of biomass is being practiced worldwide. Although bioethanol has been largely produced, it commonly requires food crops such as corn and sugar cane as substrates. To develop a sustainable energy supply, cellulosic biomass should be used for bioethanol production instead of grain biomass. For this purpose, cell surface engineering technology is a very promising method. In biobutanol and biodiesel production, engineered host fermentation has attracted much attention; however, this method has many limitations such as low productivity and low solvent tolerance of microorganisms. Despite these problems, biofuels such as bioethanol, biobutanol, and biodiesel are potential energy sources that can help establish a sustainable society. 1.
Hiroshi Sakuragi; Kouichi Kuroda; Mitsuyoshi Ueda
Synthetic fuels: production and products
A brief primer on synthetic fuels is given. The paper includes brief descriptions of generic conversion technologies that can be used to convert various raw materials such as coal, oil shale, tar sands, peat, and biomass into synthetic fuels similar in character to petroleum-derived fuels currently in commerce. References for additional information on synthetic fuel processes and products are also given in the paper.
Singh, S.P.N.
A brief review on synthetic fuels is given. The paper includes brief descriptions of generic conversion technologies that can be used to convert various raw materials such as coal, oil shale, tar sands, peat and biomass into synthetic fuels similar in character to petroleum-derived fuels currently in commerce. Because the subject is vast and the space is limited, references for additional information on synthetic fuel processes and products are also given in the paper. 24 references.
Singh, S.P.
Development of Appropriate Spot Welding Practice for Advanced High Strength Steels (TRP 0114)
This program evaluated the effects of common manufacturing variables on spike-tempering effectiveness. The investigation used design-of-experiment (DOE) techniques, and examined both dual-phase and martensitic grades of high-strength steels (HSS). The specific grades chosen for this project were: Dual-phase (DP) 600, galvannealed (GA), 1.55 mm (DP) 600; Dual-phase (DP) 980 (uncoated), 1.55 mm (DP) 980; and Martensitic (M) 1300, 1.55 mm (M) 1300. Common manufacturing conditions of interest included tempering practice (quench and temper time), button size, simulated part fitup (sheet angular misalignment and fitup), and electrode wear (increased electrode face diameter). All of these conditions were evaluated against mechanical performance (static and dynamic tensile shear). Weld hardness data was also used to examine correlations between mechanical performance and the degree of tempering. Mechanical performance data was used to develop empirical models. The models were used to examine the robustness of weld strength and toughness to the selected processing conditions. This was done using standard EWI techniques. Graphical representations of robustness were then coupled with metallographic data to relate mechanical properties to the effectiveness of spike tempering. Mechanical properties for all three materials were relatively robust to variation in tempering. Major deviations in mechanical properties were caused by degradation of the weld itself. This was supported by a lack of correlation between hardness data and mechanical results. Small button sizes and large electrode face diameters (worn electrodes) produced large reductions in both static and dynamic strength levels when compared to standard production setups. Dynamic strength was further degraded by edge-located welds.
Brian Girvin; Warren Peterson; Jerry Gould
Sugar Production
Sugar Production Sugar Production Name: Lauren Location: N/A Country: N/A Date: N/A Question: This is the experiment I did: our class took 6 sugars, placed them in test tubes and put three drops of yeast in each test tube. we then placed them in the incubator for one day and the next day looked at our results. the purpose was to find out with sugar would produce the most carbon dioxide. two of the sugars that we tested were LACTOSE and STARCH. my question is, why are lactose and starch the only sugars who didn't produce any, or very very little, carbon dioxide? and how is this process related to glycolysis? Replies: Bacteria and yeast are very efficient with their enzyme systems. They don't make enzymes they can't use. Yeast don't have the enzymes necessary to metabolize lactose. Starch is a complex sugar and yeast needs certain enzymes to break starch down into sugar. Every chemical reaction needs its own enzyme.
Production Services
Welcome Welcome The Production Services site contains links to each of the division's groups with descriptions of their services. Our goal is to update this website frequently to reflect ongoing service upgrades which, by planning and design, are added so that we can continue to meet your needs in a constantly changing work environment. Note: The Graphic Design Studio has been relocated to the second floor in the north wing of the Research Support Building 400. The telephone number remains the same, X7288. If you have any questions, please call supervisor, Rick Backofen, X6183. Photography Photography services are available at no charge to BNL and Guest users. See a list of the complete range of photography services available. Video Video services are available at no charge to BNL and Guest users. See a list of the complete range of video services available.
Expansion of the cathode spot and generation of shock waves in the plasma of a volume discharge in atmospheric-pressure helium
The expansion of the cathode spot and the generation of shock waves during the formation and development of a pulsed volume discharge in atmospheric-pressure helium were studied by analyzing the emission spectra of the cathode plasma and the spatiotemporal behavior of the plasma glow. The transition of a diffuse volume discharge in a centimeter-long gap into a high-current diffuse mode when the gas pressure increased from 1 to 5 atm and the applied voltage rose from the statistical breakdown voltage to a 100% overvoltage was investigated. Analytical expressions for the radius of the cathode spot and its expansion velocity obtained in the framework of a spherically symmetric model agree satisfactorily with the experimental data.
Omarov, O. A.; Kurbanismailov, V. S.; Arslanbekov, M. A.; Gadzhiev, M. Kh.; Ragimkhanov, G. B.; Al-Shatravi, Ali J. G. [Dagestan State University (Russian Federation)
Stone Tool Production
by the author. ) Stone Tool Production, Hikade, UEE 2010Short Citation: Hikade 2010, Stone Tool Production. UEE.Thomas, 2010, Stone Tool Production. In Willeke Wendrich (
Hikade, Thomas
FCT Hydrogen Production: Contacts
Contacts to someone by E-mail Share FCT Hydrogen Production: Contacts on Facebook Tweet about FCT Hydrogen Production: Contacts on Twitter Bookmark FCT Hydrogen Production:...
Building A Simulation Model For The Prediction Of Temperature Distribution In Pulsed Laser Spot Welding Of Dissimilar Low Carbon Steel 1020 To Aluminum Alloy 6061
This paper describes the development of a computer model used to analyze the heat flow during pulsed Nd: YAG laser spot welding of dissimilar metal; low carbon steel (1020) to aluminum alloy (6061). The model is built using ANSYS FLUENT 3.6 software where almost all the environments simulated to be similar to the experimental environments. A simulation analysis was implemented based on conduction heat transfer out of the key hole where no melting occurs. The effect of laser power and pulse duration was studied.Three peak powers 1, 1.66 and 2.5 kW were varied during pulsed laser spot welding (keeping the energy constant), also the effect of two pulse durations 4 and 8 ms (with constant peak power), on the transient temperature distribution and weld pool dimension were predicated using the present simulation. It was found that the present simulation model can give an indication for choosing the suitable laser parameters (i.e. pulse durations, peak power and interaction time required) during pulsed laser spot welding of dissimilar metals.
Yousef, Adel K. M. [Faculty of Engineering , University of Diyala, Diyala-Baqouba (Iraq); Taha, Ziad A.; Shehab, Abeer A. [Institute of laser for postgraduate studies, Baghdad University, Baghdad (Iraq)
Spot Scanning-Based Proton Therapy for Intracranial Meningioma: Long-Term Results From the Paul Scherrer Institute
Background: To assess the long-term clinical results of spot scanning proton therapy (PT) in the treatment of intracranial meningiomas. Patients and Methods: Thirty-nine patients with meningioma (histologically proven 34/39) were treated with PT between July 1997 and January 2010. Thirty-two (82.1%) patients were treated as primary treatment (exclusive PT, n = 8; postoperative PT, n = 24). Mean age was 48.3 {+-} 17.9 years and 32 (82.1%) patients had skull base lesions. For patients undergoing surgery, 24 patients had a diagnosis of World Health Organization (WHO) Grade I and 10 of a WHO Grade II/III meningioma, respectively. The female-to-male ratio was 3.3. The median administered dose was 56.0 Gy (relative biologic effectiveness [RBE]) (range, 52.2-66.6) at 1.8-2.0 Gy (RBE) per fraction. Gross tumor volume (GTV) ranged from 0.76 to 546.5 cm{sup 3} (median, 21.5). Late toxicity was assessed according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0. Mean follow-up time was 62.0 months and all patients were followed for >6 months. Results: Six patients presented with tumor recurrence and 6 patients died during follow-up, of which 4 of tumor progression. Five-year actuarial local control and overall survival rates were 84.8% and 81.8%, respectively, for the entire cohort and 100% for benign histology. Cumulative 5-year Grade {>=}3 late toxicity-free survival was 84.5%. On univariate analysis, LC was negatively influenced by WHO grade (p = 0.001), GTV (p = 0.013), and male gender (p = 0.058). Conclusions: PT is a safe and effective treatment for patients with untreated, recurrent, or incompletely resected intracranial meningiomas. WHO grade and tumor volume was an adverse prognostic factor for local control.
Weber, Damien C., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Radiation Oncology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva (Switzerland); Schneider, Ralf; Goitein, Gudrun; Koch, Tamara; Ares, Carmen; Geismar, Jan H.; Schertler, Andreas; Bolsi, Alessandra; Hug, Eugen B. [Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Viligen (Switzerland)
Audio Spots | ORNL
U.S. Rep. Chuck Fleischmann, R-Tenn., discussed the recent formation of the House Science and National Laboratories Caucus. ORNL wins six R&D 100s ORNL wins six R&D 100s...
Friction Stir Spot Welding
Mar 3, 2011 ... Room: 5B Location: San Diego Conv. Ctr Session Chair: Anthony Reynolds, University of South Carolina; Michael West, South Dakota School�...
Petroleum - Exploration & Production - EIA
Exploration and reserves, storage, imports and exports, production, prices, sales. Electricity. ... Oil Production Capacity Expansion Costs for the Persian Gulf.
Is there a single spot size and grid for intensity modulated proton therapy? Simulation of head and neck, prostate and mesothelioma cases
Purpose: To assess the quality of dose distributions in real clinical cases for different dimensions of scanned proton pencil beams. The distance between spots (i.e., the grid of delivery) is optimized for each dimension of the pencil beam. Methods: The authors vary the {sigma} of the initial Gaussian size of the spot, from {sigma}{sub x} = {sigma}{sub y} = 3 mm to {sigma}{sub x} = {sigma}{sub y} = 8 mm, to evaluate the impact of the proton beam size on the quality of intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans. The distance between spots, {Delta}x and {Delta}y, is optimized on the spot plane, ranging from 4 to 12 mm (i.e., each spot size is coupled with the best spot grid resolution). In our Hyperion treatment planning system (TPS), constrained optimization is applied with respect to the organs at risk (OARs), i.e., the optimization tries to satisfy the dose objectives in the planning target volume (PTV) as long as all planning objectives for the OARs are met. Three-field plans for a nasopharynx case, two-field plans for a prostate case, and two-field plans for a malignant pleural mesothelioma case are considered in our analysis. Results: For the head and neck tumor, the best grids (i.e., distance between spots) are 5, 4, 6, 6, and 8 mm for {sigma} = 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 mm, respectively. {sigma} {low dose and {sigma}{dose. For the prostate patient, the best grid is 4, 4, 5, 5, and 5 mm for {sigma} = 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 mm, respectively. Beams with {sigma} > 3 mm did not satisfy our first clinical requirement that 95% of the prescribed dose is delivered to more than 95% of prostate and proximal seminal vesicles PTV. Our second clinical requirement, to cover the distal seminal vesicles PTV, is satisfied for beams as wide as {sigma} = 6 mm. For the mesothelioma case, the low dose PTV prescription is well respected for all values of {sigma}, while there is loss of high dose PTV coverage for {sigma} > 5 mm. The best grids have a spacing of 6, 7, 8, 9, and 12 mm for {sigma} = 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 mm, respectively. Conclusions: The maximum acceptable proton pencil beam {sigma} depends on the volume treated, the protocol of delivery, and optimization of the plan. For the clinical cases, protocol and optimization used in this analysis, acceptable {sigma}s are {<=} 4 mm for the head and neck tumor, {<=} 3 mm for the prostate tumor and {<=} 6 mm for the malignant pleural mesothelioma. One can apply the same procedure used in this analysis when given a ''class'' of patients, a {sigma} and a clinical protocol to determine the optimal grid spacing.
Widesott, Lamberto; Lomax, Antony J.; Schwarz, Marco [AtreP, Agenzia Provinciale per la Protonterapia, 38122 Trento (Italy); Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen (Switzerland); AtreP, Agenzia Provinciale per la Protonterapia, 38122 Trento (Italy)
Biological production of products from waste gases
A method and apparatus are designed for converting waste gases from industrial processes such as oil refining, and carbon black, coke, ammonia, and methanol production, into useful products. The method includes introducing the waste gases into a bioreactor where they are fermented to various products, such as organic acids, alcohols, hydrogen, single cell protein, and salts of organic acids by anaerobic bacteria within the bioreactor. These valuable end products are then recovered, separated and purified.
Gaddy, James L. (Fayetteville, AR)
Covered Product Category: Cool Roof Products
FEMP provides acquisition guidance across a variety of product categories, including cool roof products, which are an ENERGY STAR�-qualified product category. Federal laws and executive orders mandate that agencies meet these efficiency requirements in all procurement and acquisition actions that are not specifically exempted by law.
WEB RESOURCES: Magnesium Production
Feb 12, 2007 ... Mg Production(Australia).pdf 49.21 KB MgProduction_Australia.mht 81.47 KB Mg Production(Brazil Israel Congo Malaysia).pdf 50.48 KB
MODIS Land Products Subsets
ORNL DAAC MODIS Land Product Subsets MODIS Collection 5 Global Subsetting and Visualization Tool Create subset for user selected site, area, product, and time period. Data for...
Production Project Accounts
Production Project Accounts Production Project Accounts Overview Most NERSC login accounts are associated with specific individuals and must not be shared. Sometimes it is...
from Isotope Production Facility
Cancer-fighting treatment gets boost from Isotope Production Facility April 13, 2012 Isotope Production Facility produces cancer-fighting actinium - 2 - 2:32 Isotope cancer...
Century Model Product Available
Century Model Available The ORNL DAAC announces the availability of a new model product. The model product "CENTURY: Modeling Ecosystem Responses to Climate Change, Version 4...
Domestic Uranium Production Report
Home > Nuclear > Domestic Uranium Production Report Domestic Uranium Production Report Data for: 2005 Release Date: May 15, 2006 Next Release: May 15, 2007
Comparison of Productive Capacity
Appendix B Comparison of Productive Capacity Comparisons of base case productive capacities for this and all previous studies were made (Figure B1).
2. Gas Productive Capacity
2. Gas Productive Capacity Gas Capacity to Meet Lower 48 States Requirements The United States has sufficient dry gas productive capacity at the wellhead to meet ...
Chorazy M. Seasonal variations in levels of DNA adducts and X-spots in human populations living in different parts of Poland. Environ Health Perspect
White blood cell DNA adducts were measured in coke oven workers, in residents from the area next to the coke oven in Silesia, Poland (highly industrialized region), and in residents from the rural area of Poland using the 32P-postlabeling technique. This method detected aromatic adducts including adducts formed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Highest levels of adducts in DNA were seen in the group of coke battery workers (6.9 adducts/10 ' nucleotides). Seasonal variations in levels of DNA adducts were observed both in residents of the district near the coke oven area and individuals from the rural area of Poland. Blood samples collected from people living near the coke oven in winter showed much higher levels of DNA adducts than blood samples obtained in summer (5.0 adducts/lO ' nucleotides in winter and 1A adducts/10' nucleotides in summer). The difference in the level ofDNA adducts between winter and summer was smaller in the group of people living in the rural area (3.2 adducts/10 and 2.2 adducts/10, respectively). In most cases the levels of X-spots correlated with the levels of other DNA adducts. Correlation coefficients(r) between the levels of X-spots and other adducts ranged between 0A6 and 0.74 (poven workers where no correlation was observed.
Ewa Grzybowska; Kari Hemminki; Mieczysuaw Chorazy
Illinois coal production pushes Illinois Basin production ...
Coal production in the Illinois Basin during the first half of 2012 (64.4 million short tons) was 13% higher than the same period in 2011. This ...
By-Products Utilization
such as sodium bicarbonate, soda ash, trona, or nahcalite (ICF Northwest, 1988). By-products generated
Wisconsin-Milwaukee, University of
Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production
#12;Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production Toward Zero Carbon Energy Production Toward
Narasayya, Vivek
APEX user`s guide - (Argonne production, expansion, and exchange model for electrical systems), version 3.0
This report describes operating procedures and background documentation for the Argonne Production, Expansion, and Exchange Model for Electrical Systems (APEX). This modeling system was developed to provide the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Fossil Energy, Office of Coal and Electricity with in-house capabilities for addressing policy options that affect electrical utilities. To meet this objective, Argonne National Laboratory developed a menu-driven programming package that enables the user to develop and conduct simulations of production costs, system reliability, spot market network flows, and optimal system capacity expansion. The APEX system consists of three basic simulation components, supported by various databases and data management software. The components include (1) the investigation of Costs and Reliability in Utility Systems (ICARUS) model, (2) the Spot Market Network (SMN) model, and (3) the Production and Capacity Expansion (PACE) model. The ICARUS model provides generating-unit-level production-cost and reliability simulations with explicit recognition of planned and unplanned outages. The SMN model addresses optimal network flows with recognition of marginal costs, wheeling charges, and transmission constraints. The PACE model determines long-term (e.g., longer than 10 years) capacity expansion schedules on the basis of candidate expansion technologies and load growth estimates. In addition, the Automated Data Assembly Package (ADAP) and case management features simplify user-input requirements. The ADAP, ICARUS, and SMN modules are described in detail. The PACE module is expected to be addressed in a future publication.
VanKuiken, J.C.; Veselka, T.D.; Guziel, K.A.; Blodgett, D.W.; Hamilton, S.; Kavicky, J.A.; Koritarov, V.S.; North, M.J.; Novickas, A.A.; Paprockas, K.R. [and others
FCT Hydrogen Production: Basics
Basics to someone by E-mail Basics to someone by E-mail Share FCT Hydrogen Production: Basics on Facebook Tweet about FCT Hydrogen Production: Basics on Twitter Bookmark FCT Hydrogen Production: Basics on Google Bookmark FCT Hydrogen Production: Basics on Delicious Rank FCT Hydrogen Production: Basics on Digg Find More places to share FCT Hydrogen Production: Basics on AddThis.com... Home Basics Central Versus Distributed Production Current Technology R&D Activities Quick Links Hydrogen Delivery Hydrogen Storage Fuel Cells Technology Validation Manufacturing Codes & Standards Education Systems Analysis Contacts Basics Photo of hydrogen production in photobioreactor Hydrogen, chemical symbol "H", is the simplest element on earth. An atom of hydrogen has only one proton and one electron. Hydrogen gas is a diatomic
MODIS ASCII Subset Products - FTP Access MODIS ASCII Subset Products - FTP Access All of the MODIS ASCII Subsets are available from the ORNL DAAC's ftp site. The directory structure of the ftp site is based on the abbreviated names for the MODIS Products. Terra MODIS products are abbreviated "MOD", Aqua MODIS products are abbreviated "MYD" and combined Terra and Aqua MODIS products are abbreviated "MCD". The abbreviated names also include the version number (also known as collection). For specific products, please refer to the following table: Product Acronym Spatial Resolution Temporal Frequency Terra V005 SIN Aqua V005 SIN Terra/Aqua Combined V005 SIN Surface Reflectance SREF 500 m 8 day composites MOD09A1 MYD09A1 ---------- Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity TEMP 1 km 8 day composites MOD11A2 MYD11A2 ----------
MODIS Land Product Subsets
Validation > MODIS Land Subsets Validation > MODIS Land Subsets MODIS Land Product Subsets Overview Earth, Western Hemisphere The goal of the MODIS Land Product Subsets project is to provide summaries of selected MODIS Land Products for the community to use for validation of models and remote-sensing products and to characterize field sites. Output files contain pixel values of MODIS land products in text format and in GeoTIFF format. In addition, data visualizations (time series plots and grids showing single composite periods) are available. MODIS Land Product Subsets Resources The following MODIS Land Product Subsets resources are maintained by the ORNL DAAC: MODIS Land Products Offered Background Citation Policy Methods and formats MODIS Sinusoidal Grid - Google Earth KMZ Classroom Exercises
Industrial Oil Products Division
A forum for professionals involved in research, development, engineering, marketing, and testing of industrial products and co-products from fats and oils, including fuels, lubricants, coatings, polymers, paints, inks, cosmetics, dielectric fluids, and ad
The Product Creation Process
The Product Creation Process is described in its context. A phased model is shown, as many organisations use such a model as blueprint. The operational organisation of the product creation process is discussed, especially the role of the operational leader.
Gerrit Muller
Casthouse Productivity and Safety
Feb 28, 2011 ... Cast Shop for Aluminum Production: Casthouse Productivity and ... performance indicator called Specific Energy Consumption [SEC] ... Improved Monolithic Materials for Lining Aluminum Holding and Melting Furnaces: Andy�...
Bio-Based Products
Almost all of the products we currently make from fossil fuels can also be made from biomass. These bioproducts, or bio-based products, are not only made from renewable sources, but they also often...
Topic: Product Data
Topic: Product Data. Event. Model-Based Enterprise Summit. TDP Standards Development Summit. Group. Life Cycle Engineering Group. ...
% Sawnwood 13% Panels 9% RW & primary 5% Windows & doors 5% Pulp & paper 5% DIY products 6% Trade & retailers
Seamless Steel Tubular Products
...). The tank also contained the search units.Fig. 6 Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel tubular products were
Soy Protein Products
This book will provide an overview of the key benefits of soy protein products in an easily understood format. ...
MSID Products, Tools, & Services
SID Products, Tools, & Services. XML Testbed - collection of XML-Related Tools; Express Engine - STEP (ISO 10303) development ...
IEEE 1588 Products & Implementations
... Facsimile. 100 Bureau Drive, M/S 8220 Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8220. IEEE 1588 Products & Implementations. This page ...
Table 3. Product Applications
of all hazardous metals, low -level radioactive waste, fission products and transuranics � Macroencapsulation of contaminated debris, metal and ...
Strangeness Production at COSY
The paper gives an overview of strangeness-production experiments at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY. Results on kaon-pair and phi meson production in pp, pd and dd collisions, hyperon-production experiments and Lambda p final-state interaction studies are presented.
Frank Hinterberger; Hartmut Machner; Regina Siudak
Coal production 1989
Coal Production 1989 provides comprehensive information about US coal production, the number of mines, prices, productivity, employment, reserves, and stocks to a wide audience including Congress, federal and state agencies, the coal industry, and the general public. 7 figs., 43 tabs.
Abstract Abiotic factors are often thought to be the pre-dominant forces shaping desert plant communities. But
IN MINICORES FROM THE TAG ACTIVE HYDROTHERMAL MOUND USING X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY1 Margaret Kingston Tivey2 recovered from within the Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse (TAG) active hydrothermal mound. CT images allow (~350°C). INTRODUCTION The Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse (TAG) active hydrothermal mound is a 200-m
Schenk, H. Jochen
Joint venture terms that hasten production in the Black Sea region
The break up of the Former Soviet Union (FSU) provided opportunities for the major western oil companies to access the giant oil and gas fields of Siberia, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan. Meanwhile, smaller companies spotted the hydrocarbon provinces further west long neglected by the centralized Soviet system. Gas production in Ukraine was established long before the Tyumen area was opened up, oil production had started in Georgia more than 100 years ago and the North Caucasus fields in Dagestan have been in production for over 50 years. All these areas are also close to the Black Sea with short links to export terminals. Legislation already provided for joint venture companies but not production sharing contracts. The compromise was to build production sharing into the JV company structure. This allowed the state partner to obtain some revenue from start-up of production with no cash outlay. It also ensured that the western company obtained a substantial amount of its investment back in cost recovery before the more onerous profit sharing arrangement commenced. These conditions enabled JKX to rapidly agree four JV's in three countries and start operations almost immediately. Production of hydrocarbons began in Ukraine in early 1995 with exploration and appraisal drilling in the Black Sea and onshore Georgia following soon after. Continued close contact with the governments has permitted JKX to demonstrate the benefits of the PSC without the need for JVs. Legislation is being enacted for future licenses in the region to be issued as PSC's along conventional lines.
Miller, M.; Robson, D. (JKX Oil and Gas plc, Guildford (United Kingdom))
Refinery Net Production of Total Finished Petroleum Products
Waxes Petroleum Coke Marketable Petroleum Coke Catalyst Petroleum Coke Asphalt and Road Oil Still Gas Miscellaneous Products Misc. Products - Fuel Use Misc. Products - Nonfuel...
Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs) for High Yield Hydrogen (H2) Production from Biodegradable Materials
Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs) for High Yield H Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs) for High Yield H 2 Production from Biodegradable Materials Zhiyong "Jason" Ren, Ph.D Associate Professor, Environmental and Sustainability Engineering University of Colorado Boulder firstname.lastname@example.com (303) 492-4137 http://spot.colorado.edu/~zhre0706/ MxC or Microbial Electrochemical System (MES) is a platform technology for energy and resource recovery Main type of MXC Products Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Electricity Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) H 2 , H 2 O 2 , NaOH, Struvite Microbial Chemical Cell (MCC) CH 4 , C 2 H 4 O 2 , Organics Microbial Remediation Cell (MRC) Reduced/non-toxic chemicals Microbial Desalination Cell (MDC) Desalinated water >90% H 2 MEC for H 2 Recovery PS e - e - Wang and Ren, Biotechnol. Adv. 2013
Coal Production 1992
Coal Production 1992 provides comprehensive information about US coal production, the number of mines, prices, productivity, employment, productive capacity, and recoverable reserves to a wide audience including Congress, Federal and State agencies, the coal industry, and the general public. In 1992, there were 3,439 active coal mining operations made up of all mines, preparation plants, and refuse operations. The data in Table 1 cover the 2,746 mines that produced coal, regardless of the amount of production, except for bituminous refuse mines. Tables 2 through 33 include data from the 2,852 mining operations that produced, processed, or prepared 10 thousand or more short tons of coal during the period, except for bituminous refuse, and includes preparation plants with 5 thousand or more employee hours. These mining operations accounted for over 99 percent of total US coal production and represented 83 percent of all US coal mining operations in 1992.
Introduction Introduction The goal of the MODIS Land Product Subsets project is to provide summaries of selected MODIS Land Products for the community to use for validation of models and remote-sensing products, and to characterize field sites. The MODIS Land Product Subsets are derived from MODIS products that were generated with Collection 4 or later algorithms. Please be advised that these products are subject to continual review and revision. The MODIS land product subsets are provided in ASCII and GeoTIFF format. The subsets are stored as individual text(ASCII) files, each file represents one field site and one MODIS product.The ASCII data covers 7x7 km of the field site. These ASCII files contain comma-delimited rows of parameter values (image bands) for each pixel in the selected area. Each row in the file will contain data from one 8-day, 16-day, or annual period (depending on the temporal frequency of the data product represented).
Shaaf, and the FLUXNET validation communities to choose sites and to identify the land products needed for validation. We also worked with MODAPS on subsetting the Land...
Citation When using subsets of MODIS Land Products from the ORNL DAAC, please use the citation: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center (ORNL DAAC). 2011....
Microsystem Product Development
Over the last decade the successful design and fabrication of complex MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical Systems), optical circuits and ASICs have been demonstrated. Packaging and integration processes have lagged behind MEMS research but are rapidly maturing. As packaging processes evolve, a new challenge presents itself, microsystem product development. Product development entails the maturation of the design and all the processes needed to successfully produce a product. Elements such as tooling design, fixtures, gages, testers, inspection, work instructions, process planning, etc., are often overlooked as MEMS engineers concentrate on design, fabrication and packaging processes. Thorough, up-front planning of product development efforts is crucial to the success of any project.
Polosky, M -A
Product Pipeline Reports Tutorial
Home > Petroleum > Petroleum Survey Forms> Petroleum Survey Forms Tutorial Product Pipeline Reports Tutorial Content on this page requires a newer version of Adobe Flash Player....
and venting products for the specialty retail, residential new construction and industrial markets. LHP, based in Nashville, TN, is a business unit of Lennox...
Organic dairy production.
??The aim of this thesis was to gain further knowledge about the performance of cows in organic dairy production and their ability to adapt to� (more)
Ahlman, Therese
Coalbed Methane Production
Methane Production (Billion Cubic Feet) Period: Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes 2006 2007 2008 2009...
experimental observa- tion of CP violation, we briefly update the results on b quark production and lifetimes. Since this edition features separate reviews on the determination of...
Electromagnetic Higgs production
The cross section for central diffractive Higgs production is calculated, for the LHC range of energies. The graphs for the possible mechanisms for Higgs production, through pomeron fusion and photon fusions are calculated for all possibilities allowed by the standard model. The cross section for central diffractive Higgs production through pomeron fusion, must be multiplied by a factor for the survival probability, to isolate the Higgs signal and reduce the background. Due to the small value of the survival probability $\\Lb 4 \\times 10^{-3}\\Rb $, the cross sections for central diffractive Higgs production, in the two cases for pomeron fusion and photon fusion, are competitive.
J. S. Miller
NGPL Production, Gaseous Equivalent
NGPL Production, Gaseous Equivalent Period: Monthly Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes Show Data By:...
Weekly Blender Net Production
Production (Thousand Barrels per Day) Period: Weekly 4-Week Average Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes...
Natural Gas Production
Natural Gas Production. Measured By. Disseminated Through. Survey of Producing States and Mineral Management Service �Evolving Estimate� in Natural Gas Monthly.
Coal Combustion Products: Challenges
Products: Challenges and Opportunities American Coal Ash Association Conference St. Petersburg, FL January 27-30, 2003 Carl O. Bauer National Energy Technology Laboratory...
For 40 years, Consolidated Ceramic Products, Inc. has been of service to the aluminum industries worldwide. An innovative manufacturer and marketer of�...
Hydrology Group - Technologies & Products
Technologies & Products Systems & Sensors Water Fluxmeter Software & Models Fish Individual-based Numerical Simulator (FINS ) FRAMES 1.x ReActive Flow and Transport of Groundwater...
Venezuela Gasoline Production & Demand
... Change and Uncertainty Today�s gasoline imports essential to meet ... Refinery-based MTBE production and some merchant MTBE facilities will be ...
Products, Services: Not Procurable
Products, Services: Not Procurable As a premier national research and development laboratory, LANL seeks to do business with qualified companies that offer value and high...
Furfuryl alcohol cellular product
Self-extinguishing rigid foam products are formed by polymerization of furfuryl alcohol in the presence of a lightweight, particulate, filler, zinc chloride and selected catalysts.
Sugama, T.; Kukacka, L.E.
... services and products are energy related companies ... programs including the annual Appalachian Underground ... term and short-term outlook of the ...
Net Primary Productivity Methods
some scientists still tend to confuse productivity with standing biomass or standing crop. NPP is a fundamental ecological variable, not only because it measures the energy...
Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration: Form EIA-851A, "Domestic Uranium Production Report"...
Sustainable hydrogen production
This report describes the Sustainable Hydrogen Production research conducted at the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) for the past year. The report presents the work done on the following four tasks: Task 1--production of hydrogen by photovoltaic-powered electrolysis; Task 2--solar photocatalytic hydrogen production from water using a dual-bed photosystem; Task 3--development of solid electrolytes for water electrolysis at intermediate temperatures; and Task 4--production of hydrogen by thermocatalytic cracking of natural gas. For each task, this report presents a summary, introduction/description of project, and results.
Block, D.L.; Linkous, C.; Muradov, N.
Production Methodologies and Uncertainties
from the calcination process for clinker production direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion and indirect emissions from electricity consumption This paper examines in...
State Energy Production Data
State Energy Data System State Energy Data System Production Estimates Technical Notes For 1960-2011 Estimates Table of Contents Section 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 Section 2. Coal ............................................................................................................................... 5 Section 3. Crude Oil ....................................................................................................................... 7 Section 4. Natural Gas (Marketed Production) .............................................................................. 9 Section 5. Renewable Energy and Nuclear Energy ..................................................................... 13
Center for By-Products Utilization USE OF CLASS F FLY ASH AND CLEAN-COAL ASH BLENDS FOR CAST OF CLASS F FLY ASH AND CLEAN-COAL ASH BLENDS FOR CAST CONCRETE PRODUCTS Authors: Tarun R. Naik, Director investigation. Two additional ash samples were prepared by blending these selected conventional and clean coal
MTEACH: Didactic Multimedia Production
Multimedia production is generally considered to be an expensive task. This is true when dealing with complex graphics, animation, artistic effects, music and high quality video editing, but didactic applications do not require such advanced features. ... Keywords: Didactic, language-based multimedia production, automatic links generation, microneurosurgery
Pier Luca Montessoro; Stefano Caschi
Jet production at HERA
Recent results from jet production in deep inelastic ep scattering to investigate parton dynamics at low x are reviewed. The results on jet production in deep inelastic scattering and photoproduction used to test perturbative QCD are discussed and the values of alphas(Mz) extracted from a QCD analysis of the data are presented
C. Glasman
Tools and Products
A look at new products on the market, including the BOXX Technologies' Apexx 4 Super-Workstation and renderBOXX Classic 7500, Dimension 3D Printers from Tekpro Group, Micronas' VCT-Premium single-chip flat panel TV processors, Cyberware Head and Face ... Keywords: graphics tools, graphics products
Carl Machover; David J. Kasik
Production reactor characteristics
Reactors for the production of special nuclear materials share many similarities with commercial nuclear power plants. Each relies on nuclear fission, uses uranium fuel, and produces large quantities of thermal power. However, there are some important differences in production reactor characteristics that may best be discussed in terms of mission, role, and technology.
Thiessen, C.W.; Hootman, H.E.
Production of Recycled Lead
...production of lead from recycled and mined (primary) sources for 1980 to 1988. At present, just under half of the total world lead production of 4.3 million metric tons (4.7 million tons) comes from recycling of scrap materials. As indicated in Table 4, there has been very little change in recent...
Gulf Coast Distillate Production
4 of 15 4 of 15 Notes: PADD 3 is a major source of supply for the East Coast. This graph shows how during the winter of 1997-1998 when distillate stocks were very high, production fell back. In contrast, we entered the winter of 1996-1997 with very low stocks, and refineries reached record production levels as they tried to build stocks late in the season. Notice that production is normally reduced in January as distillate stocks are used to meet demand and as refineries begin maintenance and turnovers, which continue into February. This January is no different. There is room for some production increases in January and February, if refineries postpone maintenance. But postponing maintenance and turnarounds can create problems when the gasoline production season begins in March and April.
Charm Production at RHIC
The latest results for open charm and $J/\\psi$ production in p-p, d-Au and Au-Au from the PHENIX and STAR experiments at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV at RHIC are presented. The preliminary data show open charm production follows binary scaling in d-Au and Au-Au collisions at RHIC. In d-Au collisions, a suppression in $J/\\psi$ production has been observed at the forward rapidity (d direction), at the backward rapidity (Au direction), $J/\\psi$ production seems strongly dependent on collisions centrality. The implications of heavy flavor production in cold (d-Au) and hot (Au-Au) nuclear media at RHIC are discussed.
Ming Xiong Liu
FCT Hydrogen Production: Hydrogen Production R&D Activities
Hydrogen Production R&D Hydrogen Production R&D Activities to someone by E-mail Share FCT Hydrogen Production: Hydrogen Production R&D Activities on Facebook Tweet about FCT Hydrogen Production: Hydrogen Production R&D Activities on Twitter Bookmark FCT Hydrogen Production: Hydrogen Production R&D Activities on Google Bookmark FCT Hydrogen Production: Hydrogen Production R&D Activities on Delicious Rank FCT Hydrogen Production: Hydrogen Production R&D Activities on Digg Find More places to share FCT Hydrogen Production: Hydrogen Production R&D Activities on AddThis.com... Home Basics Current Technology R&D Activities Quick Links Hydrogen Delivery Hydrogen Storage Fuel Cells Technology Validation Manufacturing Codes & Standards Education Systems Analysis Contacts
Coal combustion products (CCPs
combustion products (CCPs) combustion products (CCPs) are solid materials produced when coal is burned to generate electricity. Since coal provides the largest segment of U.S. electricity generation (45 percent in 2010), finding a sustainable solution for CCPs is an important environmental challenge. When properly managed, CCPs offer society environmental and economic benefits without harm to public health and safety. Research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy (FE) has made an important contribution in this regard. Fossil Energy Research Benefits Coal Combustion Products Fossil Energy Research Benefits
Monthly Biodiesel Production Report
Monthly Biodiesel Production Monthly Biodiesel Production Report November 2013 With Data for September 2013 Independent Statistics & Analysis www.eia.gov U.S. Department of Energy Washington, DC 20585 U.S. Energy Information Administration | Monthly Biodiesel Production Report This report was prepared by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), the statistical and analytical agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. By law, EIA's data, analyses, and forecasts are independent of approval by any other officer or employee of the United States Government. The views in this report therefore should not be construed as representing those of the Department of Energy or
Introduction Introduction Collection 5 The MODIS data from the Terra and Aqua satellites are being reprocessed using revised algorithms beginning in September 2006. This new set of MODIS Products is called Collection 5. To view the product changes that took place in going from Collection 4 to Collection 5, please visit the following Web site: http://landweb.nascom.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/QA_WWW/newPage.cgi?fileName=MODLAND_C005_changes The ORNL DAAC provides subsets of the Collection 5 MODIS Land Products. Investigators from around the world have shown a great deal of interest in this activity, asking that over 1000 field and flux tower sites be included in Collection 5 subsetting (up from 280 sites for Collection 4 MODIS subsetting). Availability of the Collection 5 Data Products
production | OpenEI
production production Dataset Summary Description This dataset comes from the Energy Information Administration (EIA), and is part of the 2011 Annual Energy Outlook Report (AEO2011). This dataset is table 1, and contains only the reference case. The dataset uses quadrillion BTUs, and quantifies the energy prices using U.S. dollars. The data is broken down into total production, imports, exports, consumption, and prices for energy types. Source EIA Date Released April 26th, 2011 (3 years ago) Date Updated Unknown Keywords 2011 AEO consumption EIA export import production reference case total energy Data application/vnd.ms-excel icon AEO2011: Total Energy Supply, Disposition, and Price Summary - Reference Case (xls, 112.8 KiB) Quality Metrics Level of Review Peer Reviewed
Data for Selected Field Sites (n=1147) Data for Selected Field Sites (n=1147) Obtain MODIS data for areas centered on selected field sites or flux towers from around the world. The goal of the MODIS Subsets for Selected Field Sites is to prepare summaries of selected MODIS Land Products for the community to use for validation of models and remote sensing products and to characterize field sites. Search for data: By Site from a Map Server from Google Earth (Install Google Earth) From FTP site (ASCII) Methods Data products were first subsetted from one or more 1200x1200-km MODIS tiles to 25 x 25-km arrays by the MODIS Science Data Support Team (MODAPS). These products were further subsetted (7x7) and reformatted from their native HDF-EOS to ASCII using version 2.2 of the MODIS Reprojection Tool (MRT) in combination with code developed at the ORNL DAAC.
JGI - Product Offerings
Product Offerings Product Offerings Scientific Program Product Brief Description Deliverables FY14 target cycle time (median), days FY14 target cycle time (75th %), days Fungal Minimal Draft Low coverage whole genome shotgun sequencing for evaluation. May turn into a standard draft or improved standard draft. Assembly. Annotation optional (JGI portal); raw data submitted to SRA 250 400 Fungal Resequencing SNP and short indel calls, rearrangement detection, population analysis. Text file of SNPs (incl location in genome, coding/vs non, syn vs non-syn aa change etc) and structural rearrangements, alignment files, tracks for upload to genome browser and fastq files; raw data submitted to SRA 140 200 Fungal Standard Draft Whole genome shotgun sequencing. Exact scope items and quality of finished product depend on genome. Selected genomes will be improved based on feasibility and scientific merit. Assembly, annotation (JGI Portal + Genbank); raw data submitted to SRA 250 400
Net Primary Production
8 study sites, plus a worldwide data set, have been added to the global terrestrial Net Primary Production (NPP) reference database. The NPP database has been compiled by Dick...
Product Family Glossary
Printed on Recycled PaperIMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments (TI) reserves the right to make changes to its products or to discontinue any semiconductor product or service without notice, and advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that the information being relied on is current. TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products and related software to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI�s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. Certain applications using semiconductor products may involve potential risks of death, personal injury, or severe property or environmental damage (�Critical Applications�).
Sprua Glossary; Tms Dsp; Literature Number Sprua
Natural Gas Production,
Natural Gas Production, Transmission, and Consumption by State, 1996 (Million Cubic Feet) Table Alabama ... 530,841 5,361 -35,808 -163,227 0 921 18 325,542...
Offshore Development and Production
Natural gas production in the Federal offshore has increased substantially in recent years, gaining more than400 billion cubic feet between 1993 and 1997 to a level of 5.14 trillion cubic feet.
Information Center
Annual Energy Outlook 2012 (EIA)
6. Employment in the U.S. uranium production industry by category, 2003-2012 person-years Year Exploration Mining Milling Processing Reclamation Total 2003 W W W W 117 321 2004 18...
Propane Production by Source
4 Notes: So where do we get our supplies of propane? Well, propane comes from both gas plants and refineries. Here we see data through May which shows that production at both gas...
Radioactivity in consumer products
Papers presented at the conference dealt with regulations and standards; general and biological risks; radioluminous materials; mining, agricultural, and construction materials containing radioactivity; and various products containing radioactive sources.
Moghissi, A.A.; Paras, P.; Carter, M.W.; Barker, R.F. (eds.)
Coal production: 1980
US coal production and related data are reported for the year 1980, with similar data for 1979 given for comparison. The data here collected on Form EIA-7A, coal production report, from 3969 US mines that produced, processed, or prepared 10,000 or more short tons of coal in 1980. Among the items covered are production, prices, employment, productivity, stocks, and recoverable reserves. Data are reported by state, county, coal producing district, type of mining, and by type of coal (anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, and lignite). Also included are a glossary of coal terms used, a map of the coal producing disricts, and form EIA-7A with instructions. 14 figures, 63 tables.
Not Available
Particle Data Group - Products
One Cyclotron Road Berkeley, CA 94720-8166 USA In Europe, Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Russia and all other countries: Via Email: email@example.com Via postal mail:...
EIA Drilling Productivity Report
Drilling Productivity Report Drilling Productivity Report For Center on Global Energy Policy, Columbia University October 29, 2013 | New York, NY By Adam Sieminski, Administrator The U.S. has experienced a rapid increase in natural gas and oil production from shale and other tight resources Adam Sieminski, EIA Drilling Productivity Report October 29, 2013 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Rest of US Marcellus (PA and WV) Haynesville (LA and TX) Eagle Ford (TX) Bakken (ND) Woodford (OK) Fayetteville (AR) Barnett (TX) Antrim (MI, IN, and OH) 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Eagle Ford (TX) Bakken (MT & ND) Granite Wash (OK & TX) Bonespring (TX Permian) Wolfcamp (TX Permian) Spraberry (TX Permian) Niobrara-Codell (CO) Woodford (OK)
This invention relates to a process for the production of tritium by subjecting comminuted solid lithium fluoride containing the lithium isotope of atomic mass number 6 to neutron radiation in a self-sustaining neutronic reactor. The lithium fiuoride is heated to above 450 deg C. in an evacuated vacuum-tight container during radiation. Gaseous radiation products are withdrawn and passed through a palladium barrier to recover tritium. (AEC)
Jenks, G.H.; Shapiro, E.M.; Elliott, N.; Cannon, C.V.
Ethanol production from lignocellulose
This invention presents a method of improving enzymatic degradation of lignocellulose, as in the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic material, through the use of ultrasonic treatment. The invention shows that ultrasonic treatment reduces cellulase requirements by 1/3 to 1/2. With the cost of enzymes being a major problem in the cost-effective production of ethanol from lignocellulosic material, this invention presents a significant improvement over presently available methods.
Ingram, Lonnie O. (Gainesville, FL); Wood, Brent E. (Gainesville, FL)
Particle production at HERA
H1 has measured a number of different known particles and compared their production to QCD models and to other reactions such as N-N collisions. ZEUS has also measured the production of K0SK0S pairs with a view to searching for glueballs. Several resonances are seen which are glueball candidates. The results on the masses and widths are compared to other experiments.
Changyi Zhou
Grid-based Production
Grid-based Production Grid-based Production Grid-based Production PDSF is a Tier 2 site for ALICE and as such has the infrastructure in place to run automated grid-based ALICE production jobs. The main components of this infrastructure are listed below. Grid-Enabled Storage Elements There are currently a set of 10 servers running XRootD with a total capacity of 720TB. Included in XRootD are the data transfer tools used to transfer the input and output files for the production jobs running at PDSF. In addition to the 10 servers there is also the XRootD redirector which is currently running on pc1801.nersc.gov (pdsf5.nersc.gov). VO Box A VO (Virtual Organization) box is a dedicated node (palicevo1.nersc.gov) that coordinates the production. It runs the grid-monitoring tool MonALISA, the AliEn grid framework software, a Condor-G client and does job
ARM - PI Product - Raman lidar/AERI PBL Height Product
ProductsRaman lidarAERI PBL Height Product Comments? We would love to hear from you Send us a note below or call us at 1-888-ARM-DATA. Send PI Product : Raman lidarAERI PBL...
Technology's Impact on Production
As part of a cooperative agreement with the United States Department of Energy (DOE) - entitled Technology's Impact on Production: Developing Environmental Solutions at the State and National Level - the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission (IOGCC) has been tasked with assisting state governments in the effective, efficient, and environmentally sound regulation of the exploration and production of natural gas and crude oil, specifically in relation to orphaned and abandoned wells and wells nearing the end of productive life. Project goals include: (1) Developing (a) a model framework for prioritization and ranking of orphaned or abandoned well sites; (b) a model framework for disbursement of Energy Policy Act of 2005 funding; and (c) a research study regarding the current status of orphaned wells in the nation. (2) Researching the impact of new technologies on environmental protection from a regulatory perspective. Research will identify and document (a) state reactions to changing technology and knowledge; (b) how those reactions support state environmental conservation and public health; and (c) the impact of those reactions on oil and natural gas production. (3) Assessing emergent technology issues associated with wells nearing the end of productive life. Including: (a) location of orphaned and abandoned well sites; (b) well site remediation; (c) plugging materials; (d) plug placement; (e) the current regulatory environment; and (f) the identification of emergent technologies affecting end of life wells. New Energy Technologies - Regulating Change, is the result of research performed for Tasks 2 and 3.
Rachel Amann; Ellis Deweese; Deborah Shipman
As part of a cooperative agreement with the United States Department of Energy (DOE) ?? entitled Technology�s Impact on Production: Developing Environmental Solutions at the State and National Level ? ? the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission (IOGCC) has been tasked with assisting state governments in the effective, efficient, and environmentally sound regulation of the exploration and production of natural gas and crude oil, specifically in relation to orphaned and abandoned wells and wells nearing the end of productive life. Project goals include: Developing (a) a model framework for prioritization and ranking of orphaned or abandoned well sites; (b) a model framework for disbursement of Energy Policy Act of 2005 funding; and (c) a research study regarding the current status of orphaned wells in the nation. Researching the impact of new technologies on environmental protection from a regulatory perspective. Research will identify and document (a) state reactions to changing technology and knowledge; (b) how those reactions support state environmental conservation and public health; and (c) the impact of those reactions on oil and natural gas production. Assessing emergent technology issues associated with wells nearing the end of productive life. Including: (a) location of orphaned and abandoned well sites; (b) well site remediation; (c) plugging materials; (d) plug placement; (e) the current regulatory environment; and (f) the identification of emergent technologies affecting end of life wells. New Energy Technologies ??Regulating Change, is the result of research performed for Tasks 2 and 3.
Amann, Rachel; Deweese, Ellis; Shipman, Deborah
Utah Percent of Historical Oil Well Production (BOE) by Production ...
Utah Percent of Historical Oil Well Production (BOE) by Production Rate Bracket. Energy Information Administration (U.S. Dept. of Energy)
TOYOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEMTOYOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEM ( TPS ) 1930( TPS ) 1930s
Why Leany #12;// ? ? ?? ?? #12;#12;TOYOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEMTOYOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEM. 80 : (Standard Work- CPG) 2 Toyota2. Toyota // waste value 3. (time, human effort
Laksanacharoen, Sathaporn
Ohio Percent of Historical Gas Well Production (BOE) by Production ...
Ohio Percent of Historical Gas Well Production (BOE) by Production Rate Bracket. Energy Information Administration (U.S. Dept. of Energy)
Ohio Percent of Historical Oil Well Production (BOE) by Production ...
Ohio Percent of Historical Oil Well Production (BOE) by Production Rate Bracket. Energy Information Administration (U.S. Dept. of Energy)
Potential for CO2 Sequestration and Enhanced Coalbed Methane Production, Blue Creek Field, NW Black Warrior Basin, Alabama
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a primary source of greenhouse gases. Injection of CO2 from power plants near coalbed reservoirs is a win-win method to reducing emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere. Limited studies have investigated CO2 sequestration and enhanced coalbed methane production in San Juan and Alberta basins, but reservoir modeling is needed to assess the potential of the Black Warrior basin. Alabama ranks 9th nationally in CO2 emissions from power plants; two electricity generation plants are adjacent to the Black Warrior coalbed methane fairway. This research project was a reservoir simulation study designed to evaluate the potential for CO2 sequestration and enhanced coalbed methane (ECBM) recovery in the Blue Creek Field of Black Warrior basin, Alabama. It considered the injection and production rate, the components of injected gas, coal dewatering, permeability anisotropy, various CO2 soak times, completion of multiple reservoir layers and pressure constraints at the injector and producer. The simulation study was based on a 5-spot well pattern 40-ac well spacing. Injection of 100 percent CO2 in coal seams resulted in average volumes of 0.57 Bcf of sequestered CO2 and average volumes of 0.2 Bcf of enhance methane production for the Mary Lee coal zone only, from an 80-acre 5-spot well pattern. For the entire Blue Creek field of the Black Warrior basin, if 100 percent CO2 is injected in the Pratt, Mary Lee and Black Creek coal zones, enhance methane resources recovered are estimated to be 0.3 Tcf, with a potential CO2sequestration capacity of 0.88 Tcf. The methane recovery factor is estimated to be 68.8 percent, if the three coal zones are completed but produced one by one. Approximately 700 wells may be needed in the field. For multi-layers completed wells, the permeability and pressure are important in determining the breakthrough time, methane produced and CO2 injected. Dewatering and soaking do not benefit the CO2 sequestration process but allow higher injection rates. Permeability anisotropy affects CO2 injection and enhanced methane recovery volumes of the field. I recommend a 5-spot pilot project with the maximum well BHP of 1,000 psi at the injector, minimum well BHP of 500 psi at the producer, maximum injection rate of 70 Mscf/D, and production rate of 35 Mscf/D. These technical results, with further economic evaluation, could generate significant projects for CO2 sequestration and enhance coalbed methane production in Blue Creek field, Black Warrior Basin, Alabama.
He, Ting
recently. Crude oil rose about 17 per barrel or 40 cents per gallon from the beginning of the latest "up cycle" in mid February 1999 to mid-January, 2000. Over this same time...
Regions for Select Spot Prices
Citygate Illinois Hub (MISO) Louisiana Henry Hub Entergy (SNL index) Houston Houston Ship Channel Houston Zone (SNL index) Southwest El Paso San Juan Palo Verde (SNL index)...
Houston: Houston Ship Channel: Houston Zone (SNL index) Southwest: El Paso San Juan: Palo Verde (SNL index) Southern California (CA) SoCal Border: SP-15 (CAISO)
Hot spots in ammonium nitrate
.179 5.29 Static image of the bed impacted in figure 5.30. . . . . . . . . . . 181 5.30 Framing photography of a bed of 3.4�3.5mm Westland prills, with a single 3.5mm Orica prill, impacted at 700� 40m s?1. . . . . . . 181 5.31 Photodiode output... .42. . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 5.42 Framing photography of a bed of 3.4�3.6mm Westland prills, with a single 3.5mm Nitram prill, impacted at 700� 40m s?1. . . . . . 192 5.43 Photodiode output of experiment shown in figures 5.41 and 5.42. . 193 5.44 Static image of the bed...
Taylor, Nicholas
Design of product development systems
The development of successful new products in less time and using fewer resources is key to the financial success of most consumer product companies. In this thesis we have studied the development of new products and how ...
Aguirre Granados, Adrian
MTBE Production Economics
MTBE Production MTBE Production Economics Tancred C. M. Lidderdale Contents 1. Summary 2. MTBE Production Costs 3. Relationship between price of MTBE and Reformulated Gasoline 4. Influence of Natural Gas Prices on the Gasoline Market 5. Regression Results 6. Data Sources 7. End Notes 1. Summary Last year the price of MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether) increased dramatically on two occasions (Figure 1) (see Data Sources at end of article.): 1. Between April and June 2000, the price (U.S. Gulf Coast waterborne market) of MTBE rose from $1.00 per gallon to over $1.60 per gallon. This represented an increase in the price premium for MTBE over the wholesale price of conventional gasoline from its normal (1995 though 2000 average) $0.26 per gallon to $0.60 per gallon. The MTBE
NREL: Learning - Hydrogen Production
Production Production The simplest and most common element, hydrogen is all around us, but always as a compound with other elements. To make it usable in fuel cells or otherwise provide energy, we must expend energy or modify another energy source to extract it from the fossil fuel, biomass, water, or other compound in which it is found. Nearly all hydrogen production in the United States today is by steam reformation of natural gas. This, however, releases carbon dioxide in the process and trades one relatively clean fuel for another, with associated energy loss, so it does little to meet national energy needs. Hydrogen can also be produced by electrolysis-passing an electrical current through water to break it into hydrogen and oxygen-but electrolysis is inefficient and is only as clean
New generation of monitors for PAH's from synthetic fuel production
A gap exists between the crude techniques available for measuring polynuclear aromatic (PNA) compounds in the workplace, and the sophisticated analytical tools used in the laboratory for a much more complete characterization of pollutants from synfuel operations such as coal, tar sand, and oil shale processing. Real-time or near-real instruments suitable for use by industrial hygienists are urgently needed to measure fugitive emissions. Several new instruments and instrumental techniques are described that could satisfy some of these needs. They include second derivative UV-absorption, synchronous luminescence, room-temperature phosphorescence, photoacoustic spectrometers, a portable mass spectrometer, differential sublimation, and thermoluminescence. Already, studies to evaluate the practicality of these approaches have indicated a suitability for monitoring naphthalene and its alkyl derivatives at parts-per-billion (ppB) concentrations either in the vapor or the solution phase, trace amounts of phenolic compounds, and thiocyanate in by-product water, and suitability for the rapid analysis of samples filtered or spotted on paper adsorbents.
Gammage, R B; Vo-Dinh, T; Hawthorne, A R; Thorngate, J H; Parkinson, W W
A pyrometallurgical method for processing nuclear reactor fuel elements containing uranium and fission products and for reducing uranium compound; to metallic uranium is reported. If the material proccssed is essentially metallic uranium, it is dissolved in zinc, the sulution is cooled to crystallize UZn/sub 9/ , and the UZn/sub 9/ is distilled to obtain uranium free of fission products. If the material processed is a uranium compound, the sollvent is an alloy of zinc and magnesium and the remaining steps are the same.
Burris, L. Jr.; Knighton, J.B.; Feder, H.M.
Gas production apparatus
This invention relates generally to the production of gases, and more particularly to the production of tritium gas in a reliable long operating lifetime systems that employs solid lithium to overcome the heretofore known problems of material compatibility and corrosion, etc., with liquid metals. The solid lithium is irradiated by neutrons inside low activity means containing a positive (+) pressure gas stream for removing and separating the tritium from the solid lithium, and these means are contained in a low activity shell containing a thermal insulator and a neutron moderator.
Winsche, Warren E. (Bellport, NY); Miles, Francis T. (Bellport, NY); Powell, James R. (Wading River, NY)
emerging technologies for metals production
Economics of Production of Primary Titanium by Electrolytic Winning [pp. 13-41] ... A Process for Continuous Titanium Production from Titanium Oxide [pp. 79-88
Production analysis of Marcellus Shale.
??The purpose of this thesis was to analyze the production potential of Marcellus shale using actual field data. By using real field production data for� (more)
Belyadi, Hossein.
SEDS: State Energy Production Estimates
Exploration and reserves, storage, imports and exports, production, prices, sales. Electricity. ... Production. by state and for the United States; by energy source;
Cumulative Crude Production Additions (Annual)
This graph shows the cumulative growth of the Atlantic Basin light sweet crude oil production relative to the growth in crude oil production from the rest of the ...
Covered Product Categories (Fact Sheet)
Overview of the U.S. Department of Energy Federal Energy Management Program Energy-Efficient Product Procurement Program and its designated product category list.
Energy and Biomedical / Primary Production
Mar 15, 2012 ... The distillation product by vacuum distillation process produced a high purity metal magnesium product, it can be deduced that reversion�...
Presentations Presentations Web and Web Services based tool that provides Subsets and Visualization of MODIS land products to facilitate land validation and field site characterization. S.K. Santhana Vannan; R. B. Cook; B. E. Wilson. AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December 14-18 2009 MODIS Land Product Subsets,S.K. Santhana Vannan; R. B. Cook. November, 2009 MODIS Web Service, S.K. Santhana Vannan. ORNL DAAC UWG Meeting, May 2009 Subsetting Tools for MODIS Land Products: Time-series data for field sites, R. B. Cook, S. M. Margle, S. K. Santhana Vannan, S. K. Holladay, and T. W. Beaty. Global Vegetation Workshop, Missoula MT, August 8-10, 2006 MODIS ASCII Subsets, R. B. Cook. May 2006 Subsets of Remote Sensing Products for AmeriFlux Sites: MODIS ASCII Subsets, AmeriFlux Annual Meeting, R. B. Cook, S. M. Margle, S. K. Holladay, F. A. Heinsch, and C. B. Schaaf. October 5-7, 2004, Boulder, Colorado
2. U.S. uranium mine production and number of mines and sources, 2003-2012 2. U.S. uranium mine production and number of mines and sources, 2003-2012 Production / Mining Method 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Underground (estimated contained thousand pounds U3O8) W W W W W W W W W W Open Pit (estimated contained thousand pounds U3O8) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In-Situ Leaching (thousand pounds U3O8) W W 2,681 4,259 W W W W W W Other1 (thousand pounds U3O8) W W W W W W W W W W Total Mine Production (thousand pounds U3O8) E2,200 2,452 3,045 4,692 4,541 3,879 4,145 4,237 4,114 4,335 Number of Operating Mines Underground 1 2 4 5 6 10 14 4 5 6 Open Pit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In-Situ Leaching 2 3 4 5 5 6 4 4 5 5 Other Sources1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
Programs on Product Spaces
We study program states that are described as tuples, i.e., product state spaces. We show how to add program variables and assignment notation to simply typed lambda calculus in order to describe functions, relations and predicate transformers on such ...
Ralph Back; Joakim Wright von
12% of the nation's electricity. Hydropower produces more than 90,000 megawatts of electricity, which is enough to meet the needs of 28.3 million consumers. Hydropower accounts for over 90% of all electricity the NAO. ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION IN NORWAY AND THE NAO The demand for heating oil in Norway
was produced by Wisconsin Electric's coal-fired power plants. The criteria for selecting these mixtures was to utilize minimal cost materials, such as coal combustion by-products (fly ash, bottom ash, etc of sufficient strength to withstand handling, transfer and long term exposure. The final phase (4) was designed
on Management & Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs), Tampa, Florida, Jan. 27-30, 2003. Department of Civil-Milwaukee, P.O. Box 784, Milwaukee, WI 53201 d Project Manager, Illinois Clean Coal Institute * Director UWM concrete mixtures can be made with up to blends of 20% ponded-ash and 5% Class F fly ash. #12;Introduction
investigation. Two additional ash samples were prepared by blending these selected conventional and clean coalCenter for By-Products Utilization HIGH-STRENGTH HVFA CONCRETE CONTAINING CLEAN COAL ASH By Tarun R #12;1 HIGH-STRENGTH HVFA CONCRETE CONTAINING CLEAN COAL ASH By Tarun R. Naik, Shiw S. Singh, and Bruce
Center for By-Products Utilization USE OF CLASS F FLY ASH AND CLEAN-COAL ASH BLENDS FOR CAST by blending these selected conventional and clean coal ashes. Using these sixdifferent ash samples, eleven of 0 and60 percent by high-sulfurcoal ashes (Class F and clean-coal ashes) andcoal ash blends (Class F
-lime fly ash in blended cements with minimum (less than 20%) portland cement in the blend. Keywords: Fly 232, Fly Ash and Natural Pozzolans. #12;4 INTRODUCTION Coal is the most widely used source of energy ash. In 1992, total coal ash production in the world was estimated to be 600 million tons, of which
of Class C fly ash in blended cements with minimum (less than 10 %) portland cement in the blend. Keywords; freezing and thawing durability; strength; sulfate resistance. #12;2 INTRODUCTION Coal is the most widely amounts of coal combustion products (CCPs), which include fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, and flue gas
as the coal ash derived from SOx control technology. Up to 80% of CCA was blended with ground portland cement: blended cement, clean coal ash, sulfate resistance, time of setting #12;3 Zichao Wu is Structural EngineerCenter for By-Products Utilization USE OF CLEAN COAL ASH AS SETTING TIME REGULATOR IN PORTLAND
and clean-coal ashes) andcoal ash blends (Class F plus clean-coal ash blends) in the range of 0 to 60Center for By-Products Utilization CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION OF CLASSF FLY ASHCOAL AND CLEAN-COAL,and Bruce W. Ramme CBU-1996-08 REP-283 July 1996 Presented andPublished at the American Coal Ash Association
. Test results indicated that all the blends with coal ash had lower expansion than the control mixtureCenter for By-Products Utilization USE OF CLEAN-COAL ASH FOR MANAGING ASR By Zichao Wu and Tarun R College of Engineering and Applied Science THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSINMILWAUKEE #12;USE OF CLEAN-COAL ASH
mixtures were developed using blends of wood FA and Class C coal FA. Two levels of blended ash of concrete. Blending of wood FA with Class C coal FA improved performance of wood FA to a significant extentCenter for By-Products Utilization GREENER CONCRETE FROM WOOD FLY ASH AND COAL FLY ASH By Tarun R
A process is descrlbed for the production of uranium tetrachloride by contacting uranlum values such as uranium hexafluoride, uranlum tetrafluoride, or uranium oxides with either aluminum chloride, boron chloride, or sodium alumlnum chloride under substantially anhydrous condltlons at such a temperature and pressure that the chlorldes are maintained in the molten form and until the uranium values are completely converted to uranlum tetrachloride.
Calkins, V.P.
Selected Vendor Telecommunications Products
;APPENDIX A A-2 Product: CellNet Developers: CellNet Data Systems Investors: AT&T Ventures Bank of Boston- held or other mobile receivers. CellNet's fixed wireless radio system consists of a two-way network, operation, and maintenance of the system, paying a fee of roughly $1.00 per meter per month for the basic
Inclusive neutral particle production
Results of recent inclusive neutral particle production experiments are compared to existing experimental results. These experiments range from 15 to 2000 GeV/c in laboratory beam momentum and use $pi$$sup -$, $pi$$sup +$, p and anti p beams. (auth)
Kahn, S.
Electrolytic tritium production
This paper reports fifty-three electrolytic cells of various configurations and electrode compositions examined for tritium production. Significant tritium was found in 11 cells at levels between 1.5 and 80 times the starting concentration after enrichment corrections are made.
Storms, E.; Talcott, C. (Los Alamos National Lab., Nuclear Materials Technology Div. and Material Science and Technology Div., MS C348, Los Alamos, NM (US))
Universal Product Design: Transforming User Activity Into Product Function
Many people have disabilities and would like to have all of the amenities typical of daily life. Universal product design is important in designing for the disabled and creating user-friendly products for all people. The goal of this thesis is to develop a universal product method by understanding how user activity closely resembles product function. The research results include a twenty product pair study in which a universal and typical product were compared. An activity diagram and functional model for each product in the product pair were the design tools used for this comparison. User activities were used to cluster product function changes. In addition, design changes such as functional, morphological and parametric were identified between the universal and typical product. The result was an action-function diagram showing the clusters and design changes for all of the twenty product pairs. An interactive GUI universal product design repository detailing the information from the action-function diagrams was created and used for eventual modification of typical products to make them universal. A universal product family was created using a user-centric universal design method developed because of the universal product design repository. Furthermore, user disability ratings from the ICF helped to expand the database and make creation of a universal product family more focused on levels of disability. The useful application of the research will be in developing a universal design method for product designers and engineers. This method will be broken down into a design structure matrix representation of functions from a universal product family of household kitchen appliances. In addition, an embodied concept for a product family consisting of existing accessible dispensers will be used to validate the universal design method developed from the twenty product study. Both case studies will serve as an example of how to extend universal design principles to a wide range of consumer product categories.
Kostovich, Vincent
Table 1. U.S. Biodiesel Production Capacity and Production
Biodiesel Production Capacity and Production Biodiesel Production Capacity and Production (million gallons) Period 2011 January 2,114 35 February 2,104 40 March 2,081 60 April 2,101 71 May 2,064 77 June 2,069 81
Weekly Coal Production by State
Weekly Coal Production Weekly Coal Production Data for week ended: December 14, 2013 | Release date: December 19, 2013 | Next release date: December 30, 2013 For the week ended December 14, 2013: U.S. coal production totaled approximately 18.9 million short tons (mmst) This production estimate is 3.1% higher than last week's estimate and 2.9% lower than the production estimate in the comparable week in 2012 Coal production east of the Mississippi River totaled 8.2 mmst Coal production west of the Mississippi River totaled 10.8 mmst U.S. year-to-date coal production totaled 957.1 mmst, 1.9% lower than the comparable year-to-date coal production in 2012 EIA revises its weekly estimates of state-level coal production using Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) quarterly coal production data.
Codes base on unambiguous products
In this paper, we propose the notion of +-unambiguous product which is expanded from unambiguous product and the definitions of alternative product, alternative code, even alternative code on a pair (X, Y) of languages. Some basic properties of ... Keywords: +-unambiguous product, alt-code, ealt-code, generations of code, independency of conditions
Ho Ngoc Vinh; Vu Thanh Nam; Phan Trung Huy
Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP)
...correctly will provide the best opportunity for sustainability once the work cells initiate production....
Synthesizing products for online catalogs
A comprehensive product catalog is essential to the success of Product Search engines and shopping sites such as Yahoo! Shopping, Google Product Search, and Bing Shopping. Given the large number of products and the speed at which they are released to ...
Hoa Nguyen; Ariel Fuxman; Stelios Paparizos; Juliana Freire; Rakesh Agrawal
Global Subsetting and Visualization Tool Global Subsetting and Visualization Tool The Global Subsetting and Visualization Tool provides customized subsets of MODIS Land products in ASCII format on demand for any location on Earth. Users select a site (either from a picklist or by entering the site's geographic coordinates) and the area surrounding that site, from one pixel up to 201 x 201 km. The tool is expected to take up to 60 minutes to complete the processing, and the tool will send you an email message containing the URL where you can access the output. The tool provides time series plots of the measurement, an ASCII file of the pixel values for the selected product along with quality information, average and standard deviations for the area selected, and a file that can be imported directly into GIS software. In addition we provide a land cover grid (IGBP classification) of the area, along with an estimate of heterogeneity (Shannon richness and evenness).
Product Efficiency Cases
product-efficiency-cases Office of Hearings and product-efficiency-cases Office of Hearings and Appeals 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC, 20585 202-287-1566 en EXC-13-0004 - In the Matter of Liebherr Canada Ltd. http://energy.gov/oha/downloads/exc-13-0004-matter-liebherr-canada-ltd EXC-13-0004 - In the Matter of Liebherr Canada Ltd. On November 6, 2013, OHA issued a decision granting an Application for Exception filed by Liebherr Canada Ltd. (Liebherr). In its Application,
LENNOX LENNOX HEARTH PRODUCTS April 1, 2011 Mr. Daniel Cohen U.S. Department of Energy Assistant General Council for Legislation, Regulation and Energy Efficiency Office of the General Counsel 1000 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20585 RE: Regulatory Burden RFI Dear Mr. Cohen: Lennox Hearth Products (LHP) is hereby responding to the Department of Energy's (DOE's) request for information - published at 76 Fed. Reg. 6123 (February 3, 2011) - seeking comment and information to assist the DOE in reviewing its existing regulations to determine whether such regulations should be modified or repealed pursuant to Executive Order 13563 ("Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review," issued by President Obama on January 18, 2011). LHP is a leading manufacturer of indoor and outdoor fireplaces, fireplace inserts, free-standing stoves, gas log
Production of MHD fluid
A hot gaseous fluid of low ash content, suitable for use in open-cycle MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) power generation, is produced by means of a three-stage process comprising (1) partial combustion of a fossil fuel to produce a hot gaseous product comprising CO.sub.2 CO, and H.sub.2 O, (2) reformation of the gaseous product from stage (1) by means of a fluidized char bed, whereby CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O are converted to CO and H.sub.2, and (3) combustion of CO and H.sub.2 from stage (2) to produce a low ash-content fluid (flue gas) comprising CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O and having a temperature of about 4000.degree. to 5000.degree.F.
Lacey, James J. (Library, PA); Kurtzrock, Roy C. (Bethel Park, PA); Bienstock, Daniel (Pittsburgh, PA)
9. Summary production statistics of the U.S. uranium industry, 1993-2012 9. Summary production statistics of the U.S. uranium industry, 1993-2012 Item 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 E2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Exploration and Development Surface Drilling (million feet) 1.1 0.7 1.3 3.0 4.9 4.6 2.5 1.0 0.7 W W 1.2 1.7 2.7 5.1 5.1 3.7 4.9 6.3 7.2 Drilling Expenditures (million dollars)1 5.7 1.1 2.6 7.2 20.0 18.1 7.9 5.6 2.7 W W 10.6 18.1 40.1 67.5 81.9 35.4 44.6 53.6 66.6 Mine Production of Uranium (million pounds U3O8) 2.1 2.5 3.5 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.5 3.1 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.5 3.0 4.7 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.3 Uranium Concentrate Production (million pounds U3O8) 3.1 3.4 6.0 6.3 5.6 4.7 4.6 4.0 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.3 2.7 4.1 4.5 3.9 3.7 4.2 4.0 4.1
Joined ceramic product
According to the present invention, a joined product is at least two ceramic parts, specifically bi-element carbide parts with a bond joint therebetween, wherein the bond joint has a metal silicon phase. The bi-element carbide refers to compounds of MC, M.sub.2 C, M.sub.4 C and combinations thereof, where M is a first element and C is carbon. The metal silicon phase may be a metal silicon carbide ternary phase, or a metal silicide.
Henager, Jr., Charles W [Kennewick, WA; Brimhall, John L [West Richland, WA
A method is given for the production of improved yields of trifluoroacetic acid. The compound is prepared by oxidizing m-aminobenzotrifluoride with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal permanganate at a temperature in the range of 80 deg C to 100 deg C while dissolved ln a mixture of water with glacial acetic acid and/or trifluoroacetic acid. Preferably a mixture of water and trifluoroacetic acid ls used as the solvent.
Haworth, W.N.; Stacey, M.
Simulation of Sextet Diquark Production
We present a method for simulating the production and decay of particles in the sextet representation of $SU(3)_C$ including the simulation of QCD radiation. First results from the Monte Carlo simulation of sextet diquark production at the LHC including both resonant and pair production are presented. We include limits on resonant diquark production from recent ATLAS results and perform the first simulation studies of the less model dependent pair production mechanism.
Peter Richardson; David Winn
Industrial Oil Products Newsletter April 2013
Read the Industrial Oil Products Newsletter April 2013. Industrial Oil Products Newsletter April 2013 Industrial Oil Products Newsletter April 2013 ...
Weekly Refiner Net Production
Refiner Net Production Refiner Net Production (Thousand Barrels per Day) Period: Weekly 4-Week Average Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes Product/Region 11/08/13 11/15/13 11/22/13 11/29/13 12/06/13 12/13/13 View History Finished Motor Gasoline 2,168 2,300 2,336 2,359 2,462 2,368 2010-2013 East Coast (PADD 1) 54 53 52 67 71 67 2010-2013 Midwest (PADD 2) 696 745 722 711 798 790 2010-2013 Gulf Coast (PADD 3) 891 916 1,010 1,053 1,011 1,021 2010-2013 Rocky Mountain (PADD 4) 260 248 245 232 279 235 2010-2013 West Coast (PADD 5) 268 338 308 296 302 255 2010-2013 Reformulated 50 49 49 49 48 49 2010-2013 Blended with Ethanol 50 49 49 49 48 49 2010-2013 Other
Method Used to Calculate Albedo from the MODIS Albedo Model Parameter Product MCD43A1 Method Used to Calculate Albedo from the MODIS Albedo Model Parameter Product MCD43A1 Albedo MCD43A The ALBEDO data are based on the Terra and Aqua(Combined) MODIS BRDF / Albedo Model Parameter Product (MCD43A1). The primary BRDF model parameters from MCD43A1 are used in the following equations to calculate Black-sky, white-sky, and actual (blue-sky) albedo. We have used a solar zenith angle (szn) equal to local solar noon and an optical depth of 0.2 as default values in calculating these data files. Black-sky Albedo = Parameters_01 + Parameters_02 * (-0.007574 + (-0.070987 * szn2) + (0.307588 * szn3)) + Parameters_03 * (-1.284909 + (-0.166314 * szn2) + (0.041840 * szn3)) White-sky Albedo = Parameters_01 + Parameters_02 * (0.189184) + Parameters_03 * (-1.377622)
Advanced Production Planning Models
>This report describes the innovative modeling approach developed as a result of a 3-year Laboratory Directed Research and Development project. The overall goal of this project was to provide an effective suite of solvers for advanced production planning at facilities in the nuclear weapons complex (NWC). We focused our development activities on problems related to operations at the DOE's Pantex Plant. These types of scheduling problems appear in many contexts other than Pantex--both within the NWC (e.g., Neutron Generators) and in other commercial manufacturing settings. We successfully developed an innovative and effective solution strategy for these types of problems. We have tested this approach on actual data from Pantex, and from Org. 14000 (Neutron Generator production). This report focuses on the mathematical representation of the modeling approach and presents three representative studies using Pantex data. Results associated with the Neutron Generator facility will be published in a subsequent SAND report. The approach to task-based scheduling described here represents a significant addition to the literature for large-scale, realistic scheduling problems in a variety of production settings.
Fuel Ethanol Oxygenate Production
Product: Fuel Ethanol Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether Merchant Plants Captive Plants Period-Unit: Monthly-Thousand Barrels Monthly-Thousand Barrels per Day Annual-Thousand Barrels Annual-Thousand Barrels per Day Product: Fuel Ethanol Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether Merchant Plants Captive Plants Period-Unit: Monthly-Thousand Barrels Monthly-Thousand Barrels per Day Annual-Thousand Barrels Annual-Thousand Barrels per Day Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes Show Data By: Product Area May-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 Oct-13 View History U.S. 27,197 26,722 26,923 26,320 25,564 27,995 1981-2013 East Coast (PADD 1) 628 784 836 842 527 636 2004-2013 Midwest (PADD 2) 25,209 24,689 24,786 24,186 23,810 26,040 2004-2013 Gulf Coast (PADD 3) 523 404 487 460 431 473 2004-2013 Rocky Mountain (PADD 4) 450 432 430 432 415 429 2004-2013 West Coast (PADD 5)
Renewable Energy Products LLC | Open Energy Information
Products LLC Jump to: navigation, search Name Renewable Energy Products, LLC Place Santa Fe Springs, California Zip 90670 Product Own and operate a biodiesel production facility in...
Sunforce Products | Open Energy Information
Sunforce Products Sunforce Products Jump to: navigation, search Name Sunforce Products Place Saint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada Zip H4N 2G3 Sector Solar, Wind energy Product Manufacturer and distributor of solar and wind power generation and battery charging products. References Sunforce Products[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Sunforce Products is a company located in Saint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada . References ↑ "Sunforce Products" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Sunforce_Products&oldid=351792" Categories: Clean Energy Organizations Companies Organizations Stubs What links here Related changes Special pages Printable version
U.S. Plutonium "Pit" Production: Additional Facilities, Production
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
robust technical confidence in U.S. pits and primaries, and these many 7 alternatives to production, and the costs and risks discussed below, further pit production for the...
FCT Hydrogen Production: Current Technology
Current Technology to Current Technology to someone by E-mail Share FCT Hydrogen Production: Current Technology on Facebook Tweet about FCT Hydrogen Production: Current Technology on Twitter Bookmark FCT Hydrogen Production: Current Technology on Google Bookmark FCT Hydrogen Production: Current Technology on Delicious Rank FCT Hydrogen Production: Current Technology on Digg Find More places to share FCT Hydrogen Production: Current Technology on AddThis.com... Home Basics Current Technology Thermal Processes Electrolytic Processes Photolytic Processes R&D Activities Quick Links Hydrogen Delivery Hydrogen Storage Fuel Cells Technology Validation Manufacturing Codes & Standards Education Systems Analysis Contacts Current Technology The development of clean, sustainable, and cost-competitive hydrogen
Production Cost Optimization Assessments
The benefits of improved thermal performance of coal-fired power plants continue to grow, as the costs of fuel rise and the prospect of a carbon dioxide cap and trade program looms on the horizon. This report summarizes the efforts to date of utilities committed to reducing their heat rate by 1.0% in the Production Cost Optimization (PCO) Project. The process includes benchmarking of plant thermal performance using existing plant data and a site-specific performance appraisal. The appraisal determines po...
Dissolver production tests
In order to obtain data for the development and design of the Purex dissolvers and to demonstrate to Manufacturing and Technical personnel the feasibility of increasing the size of dissolver cuts at BiPO{sub 4} and Redox, a dissolver production test program in a BiPO{sub 4} dissolver is requested. These tests are expected to supplement the program already initiated on the 321 Bldg. dissolver, explaining dissolver behavior to the extent that existing dissolvers can be operated under more nearly optimum conditions and that new dissolvers can be designed with accuracy.
Tomlinson, R.E.
This patent pertains to a process for recovering fluorocarbons from a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons with partially and completely fluorinated products thereof. It consists of contacting the mxture in the cold with a liquid which is a solvent for the hydrocarbons and which is a nonsolvent for the fluorocarbons, extracting the hydrocarbons, separating the fluorocarbon-containing layer from the solvent-containing layer, and submitting the fluorocarbon layer to fractlonal distillation, to isolate the desired fluorocarbon fraction. Suitable solvents wnich may be used in the process include the lower aliphatic alcohols, and the lower aliphatic ketones.
Sarsfield, N.F.
The production of uranium metal by the reduction of uranium tetrafluoride is described. Massive uranium metal of high purily is produced by reacting uranium tetrafluoride with 2 to 20% stoichiometric excess of magnesium at a temperature sufficient to promote the reaction and then mantaining the reaction mass in a sealed vessel at temperature in the range of 1150 to 2000 d C, under a superatomospheric pressure of magnesium for a period of time sufficient 10 allow separation of liquid uranium and liquid magnesium fluoride into separate layers.
Spedding, F.H.; Wilhelm, H.A.; Keller, W.H.
Product derivation for solution-driven product line engineering
Solution-driven product line engineering is a project business where products are created for each customer individually. Although reuse of results from former projects is widely done, configuration and integration of the results currently is often a ... Keywords: feature modeling, software product line development, solution-driven software development
Christoph Elsner; Daniel Lohmann; Wolfgang Schr�der-Preikschat
Alaskan N. Slope focus shifts from wildcats to cutting production costs
North Slope operators are trying to hold the line against declining production with programs hit by lingering uncertainty over crude prices and taxes. The emphasis has shifted from last year's strong exploratory drilling campaign and high hopes fueled by the Kuvlum discovery to focus on more cost-efficient recovery of oil from producing fields. On the exploratory scene, the level of activity was low this past winter on the North Slope. Although Prudhoe Bay remains far out in front as the top producing field in the US, a field decline that began in 1989 continues. Overall, North Slope output declined in the first quarter but at a lower rate than Prudhoe Bay's. During the period, Prudhoe Bay, Kuparuk River, Endicott, Point McIntyre, and Milne Point together produced an average 1.64 million b/d, down 2.4% from last year. Horizontal wells and coiled tubing are an important part of the productivity of the Prudhoe Bay field. The paper discusses this technology, as well as the Gas Handling Expansion No.2 facility. The bright spot in the North Slope is the Point McIntyre field discovered in 1988. The paper gives some background and production figures for this field. Niakuk and Milne Point fields are also highlighted.
Geography of the MODIS Land Subsets for selected Field Sites Geography of the MODIS Land Subsets for selected Field Sites The 7- x 7-km grid containing the field or tower site is provided to enable comparison of pixel values of MODIS products with field data collected at a site. The values are intended to be examined over time either as a collection of individual values or combined (e.g., the average and range) within a 3- x 3-km grid or a 5- x 5-km grid around the site. Examples of analyses using the ASCII subset data can be found in presentations. If users would like to examine the MODIS data spatially in a map, we suggest that they obtain the GeoTIFF subsets or MODIS products from the LP DAAC. Please note that the grid and pixel sizes are not exact multiples of 1 km, but are only approximations. For instance, the grid and pixel size for the 1 km Sinusoidal grid is approximately 926 m. For additional information, please view the MODIS Web site.
Natural Gas Marketed Production
Wellhead Price Marketed Production Period: Monthly Annual Wellhead Price Marketed Production Period: Monthly Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes Show Data By: Data Series Area Apr-13 May-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 View History U.S. 2,085,518 2,166,183 2,097,434 2,188,208 2,188,379 2,104,808 1973-2013 Federal Offshore Gulf of Mexico 116,480 112,975 102,113 109,113 102,493 105,284 1997-2013 Alabama NA NA NA NA NA NA 1989-2013 Alaska 29,725 27,904 25,445 23,465 23,613 25,916 1989-2013 Arizona NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 Arkansas NA NA NA NA NA NA 1991-2013 California NA NA NA NA NA NA 1989-2013 Colorado NA NA NA NA NA NA 1989-2013 Florida NA NA NA NA NA NA 1989-2013
10. Uranium reserve estimates at the end of 2012 10. Uranium reserve estimates at the end of 2012 million pounds U3O8 Forward Cost2 Uranium Reserve Estimates1 by Mine and Property Status, Mining Method, and State(s) $0 to $30 per pound $0 to $50 per pound $0 to $100 per pound Properties with Exploration Completed, Exploration Continuing, and Only Assessment Work W W 102.0 Properties Under Development for Production W W W Mines in Production W 21.4 W Mines Closed Temporarily and Closed Permanently W W 133.1 In-Situ Leach Mining W W 128.6 Underground and Open Pit Mining W W 175.4 Arizona, New Mexico and Utah 0 W 164.7 Colorado, Nebraska and Texas W W 40.8 Wyoming W W 98.5 Total 51.8 W 304.0 1 Sixteen respondents reported reserve estimates on 71 mines and properties. These uranium reserve estimates cannot be compared with the much larger historical data set of uranium reserves that were published in the July 2010 report U.S. Uranium Reserves Estimates at http://www.eia.gov/cneaf/nuclear/page/reserves/ures.html. Reserves, as reported here, do not necessarily imply compliance with U.S. or Canadian government definitions for purposes of investment disclosure.
8. U.S. uranium expenditures, 2003-2012 8. U.S. uranium expenditures, 2003-2012 million dollars Year Drilling Production Land and Other Total Expenditures Total Land and Other Land Exploration Reclamation 2003 W W 31.3 NA NA NA W 2004 10.6 27.8 48.4 NA NA NA 86.9 2005 18.1 58.2 59.7 NA NA NA 136.0 2006 40.1 65.9 115.2 41.0 23.3 50.9 221.2 2007 67.5 90.4 178.2 77.7 50.3 50.2 336.2 2008 81.9 221.2 164.4 65.2 50.2 49.1 467.6 2009 35.4 141.0 104.0 17.3 24.2 62.4 280.5 2010 44.6 133.3 99.5 20.2 34.5 44.7 277.3 2011 53.6 168.8 96.8 19.6 43.5 33.7 319.2 2012 66.6 186.9 99.4 16.8 33.3 49.3 352.9 Drilling: All expenditures directly associated with exploration and development drilling. Production: All expenditures for mining, milling, processing of uranium, and facility expense.
Lease Condensate Production
Condensate Production Condensate Production (Million Barrels) Period: Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 View History U.S. 182 181 173 178 224 231 1979-2011 Alabama 2 2 2 2 2 2 1979-2011 Alaska 0 0 0 0 0 20 1979-2011 Arkansas 0 0 0 0 0 0 1979-2011 California 0 0 0 0 0 0 1979-2011 Coastal Region Onshore 0 0 0 0 0 0 1979-2011 Los Angeles Basin Onshore 0 0 0 0 0 0 1979-2011 San Joaquin Basin Onshore 0 0 0 0 0 0 1979-2011 State Offshore 0 0 0 0 0 0 1979-2011 Colorado 6 6 7 7 7 8 1979-2011 Florida 0 0 0 0 0 0 1979-2011 Kansas 1 1 1 1 2 1 1979-2011 Kentucky 0 0 0 0 0 0 1979-2011 Louisiana 22 20 20 18 14 14 1981-2011
Shale Gas Production
Gas Production Gas Production (Billion Cubic Feet) Period: Annual Download Series History Download Series History Definitions, Sources & Notes Definitions, Sources & Notes 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 View History U.S. 1,293 2,116 3,110 5,336 7,994 2007-2011 Alabama 0 0 0 0 2007-2010 Alaska 0 0 0 0 0 2007-2011 Arkansas 94 279 527 794 940 2007-2011 California 101 2011-2011 Colorado 0 0 1 1 3 2007-2011 Kentucky 2 2 5 4 4 2007-2011 Louisiana 1 23 293 1,232 2,084 2007-2011 North 1 23 293 1,232 2,084 2007-2011 South Onshore 0 2011-2011 Michigan 148 122 132 120 106 2007-2011 Montana 12 13 7 13 13 2007-2011 New Mexico 2 0 2 6 9 2007-2011 East 2 0 1 3 5 2007-2011 West 0 0 1 3 4 2007-2011 North Dakota 3 3 25 64 95 2007-2011
Production of Shale Oil
Intensive pre-project feasibility and engineering studies begun in 1979 have produced an outline plan for development of a major project for production of shale oil from private lands in the Piceance Basin in western Colorado. This outline plan provides a blueprint for the development of a 28,000 acre holding on Clear Creek in Garfield County, Colorado on property acquired by Standard Oil of California in the late 1940's and early 1950's. The paper describes these planning activities and the principal features of a proposed $5 billion project to develop facilities for production of 100,000 barrels per day of synthetic crude from oil shale. Subjects included are resource evaluation, environmental baseline studies, plans for acquisition of permits, plans for development of required retorting and mining technology and a preliminary description of the commercial project which will ultimately emerge from these activities. General financial impact of the project and the case for additional tax incentives to encourage it will be described.
Loper, R. D.
Earthcare Products | Open Energy Information
Page Page Edit with form History Facebook icon Twitter icon » Earthcare Products Jump to: navigation, search Name Earthcare Products Place Ware, Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom Zip SG12 9PY Sector Efficiency Product Consultancy and service company for commercial cooling products, specialising in high efficiency and low environmental impact refrigeration and natural refrigerants. References Earthcare Products[1] LinkedIn Connections CrunchBase Profile No CrunchBase profile. Create one now! This article is a stub. You can help OpenEI by expanding it. Earthcare Products is a company located in Ware, Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom . References ↑ "Earthcare Products" Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Earthcare_Products&oldid=344409"
Soy Protein Products - Electronic Version
Soybeans as Functional Foods and Ingredients is written to serve as a reference for food product developers, food technologists, nutritionists, plant breeders, academic and government professionals... Soy Protein Products - Electronic Version eChapters F
EERE Publication and Product Library
Mail Requests You have not requested any products. You can request that products and publications be mailed to you by clicking on the "Request by Mail" link in the publication...
U.S. Propane Production
4 Notes: The chart provides a picture of propane production over the past three years compared to the five-year average. Total propane production in the first five months of this...
Enabling effective product launch decisions
The present work looks into the question of optimizing the performance of product launch decisions-in particular, the decisions of product development duration and manufacturing ramp-up. It presents an innovative model for ...
Akamphon, Sappinandana
List of Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP)-designated product categories for energy-efficient procurement requirements.
WestConnect Transmission Product
WestConnect Transmission Product Federal Register Notices Customer Notifications Customer Comments Approved Rate Order FERC Confirmation...
Electrode Technology for Aluminium Production
About this Symposium. Meeting, 2011 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition. Symposium, Electrode Technology for Aluminium Production. Sponsorship, The�...
Radiochemistry of the fission products
This paper discusses the historical aspects of the radiochemistry of fission products. 20 figs., 2 tabs. (LSP)
Steinberg, E.P.
Energy Basics: Geothermal Electricity Production
Energy Basics Renewable Energy Printable Version Share this resource Biomass Geothermal Direct Use Electricity Production Geothermal Resources Hydrogen Hydropower Ocean...
Powder Metallurgy Processing and Products
About this Symposium. Meeting, Materials Science & Technology 2012. Symposium, Powder Metallurgy Processing and Products. Sponsorship. Organizer(s)�...
Software and Systems Division Products
... Other Products. DADS - Dictionary of Algorithms; ADLF parser (ADL activity diagrams to text form); SCRIBA; Metadata Conformance Analyzer.
Estimate product quality with ANNs
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been applied to predict catalytic reformer octane number (ON) and gasoline splitter product qualities. Results show that ANNs are a valuable tool to derive fast and accurate product quality measurements, and offer a low-cost alternative to online analyzers or rigorous mathematical models. The paper describes product quality measurements, artificial neural networks, ANN structure, estimating gasoline octane numbers, and estimating naphtha splitter product qualities.
Brambilla, A. [Univ. of Pisa (Italy); Trivella, F. [Adicon Advanced Distillation Control SrL, Pisa (Italy)
Production Network Supplier Characterization Project
... and compare energy and material efficiency across supply chain. No standard activities are presently identified for production network resilience ...
Fermi National Acceleratory Laboratory, Former Production Workers...
Laboratory, Former Production Workers Screening Projects Fermi National Acceleratory Laboratory, Former Production Workers Screening Projects...
Ames Laboratory, Former Production Workers Screening Projects...
Laboratory, Former Production Workers Screening Projects Ames Laboratory, Former Production Workers...
Argonne National Laboratory, Former Production Workers Screening...
Former Production Workers Screening Projects Argonne National Laboratory, Former Production Workers...
Consensus Coal Production Forecast for
Consensus Coal Production Forecast for West Virginia 2009-2030 Prepared for the West Virginia Summary 1 Recent Developments 2 Consensus Coal Production Forecast for West Virginia 10 Risks References 27 #12;W.Va. Consensus Coal Forecast Update 2009 iii List of Tables 1. W.Va. Coal Production
China: Changing Wood Products Markets
#12;China: Changing Wood Products Markets less is probably known about the forestry and wood products market in China than most other U.S. trading partners. In the 1980s China emerged as the world,11,12). However, U.S. wood products exports to China declined nearly 93 percent from 1988 to 1996, from $-I%3
Zhang, Daowei
Abundance,Biomass, and Production
Abundance,Biomass, and Production Daniel B.Hayes,James R.Bence,Thomas J.Kwak, and Bradley E, the proportion of fish present that are #12;Abundance,Biomass,and Production 329 detected (i.e., sightability; available at http://www.ruwpa.st-and.ac.uk/distance/). #12;Abundance,Biomass,and Production 331 Box 8
Kwak, Thomas J.
Model Products Available
Available Available Archiving environmental data products has become recognized as a vital research practice: it improves our ability to reproduce results and perform additional analyses while saving the cost of redundant data collection activities. The same rationale applies to archiving numerical models. Archived models will provide the methodological detail of numerical modeling studies to recreate published modeling results, enabling the synthesis of results across modeling studies and the investigation of new hypotheses. In addition, archived models will allow determination of uncertainties for comparison with results from other models in assessment / policy studies. The model source code will also allow others to see how models treat individual processes. We are creating a two-tiered archive for numerical models. The first tier
Security Administration Production Office,
JUNE/JULY 2013 JUNE/JULY 2013 inside this issue ... Reaching the summit - Big hitters talk economic development Page 3 Saving yesterday's knowledge today Page 5 What's a fellow to do? Page 6 ... and other Y-12 news On June 3 newly appointed Secretary of Energy Ernest Moniz (right) made Oak Ridge the site of his first official visit since being sworn in as head of the U.S. Department of Energy. Secretary Moniz met earlier in the day with national lab directors at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, then came to Y-12 for tours and a meeting with the National Nuclear Security Administration Production Office, B&W Y-12 and ORNL employees. He was joined by Rep. Chuck Fleischmann. The Secretary described Oak Ridge as a place where DOE's chief missions of nuclear security, environmental
Service/Product Provider
Paulus, Sokolowski & Sartor (PS&S) Johnson & Johnson (J&J) Paulus, Sokolowski & Sartor (PS&S) Johnson & Johnson (J&J) 67B Mountain Blvd. Ext., One Johnson & Johnson Plaza Warren, NJ 07059 New Brunswick, NJ 08933 Business: Architects & Engineers Business: Pharmaceutical Products Mike Belikoff, Senior Vice President Dennis Canavan, Executive Director Phone: 732-584-0449 Phone: 732-524-6269 Email: email@example.com Email: firstname.lastname@example.com PS&S conducts a Cogeneration Feasibility Study to help Johnson & Johnson improve their facilities' power reliability, reduce energy costs, and control greenhouse gas emissions. Project Scope: This project was part of the design and engineering of a new facility at Johnson & Johnson's existing Gurabo, Puerto Rico site. For this new site, PS&S investigated the feasibility of incorporating
Copy Service, Production Services
Copy Service Copy Service Copying in color or black-and-white from hard copy or electronic files. Paper size up to 13" x 19" in a variety of stocks and colors. Larger Documents (up to 36" wide and 100" long) can be reproduced in Black & White from prints or files and can be saved in a variety of electronic format Variable Data Printing - personalized document production Tab Printing Forms CD/DVD Duplication CD/DVD direct printing Binding Collate documents, insert tab dividers, punch holes for binding Stapling documents up to 1 inch thick Spiral, adhesive and perfect binding. Hard covers also available upon request Folding & Mailing Print and apply mailing addresses and labels Machine fold documents and insert into envelopes for mailing Laminate printed items up to 35" wide.
China's Cement Production:
Estimation of CO Estimation of CO 2 Emissions from China's Cement Production: Methodologies and Uncertainties Jing Ke, Michael McNeil, Lynn Price, Nina Zheng Khanna, Nan Zhou Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Reprint version of journal article published in "Energy Policy", Volume 57, Pages 172-181, June 2013 January 2013 This work was supported by the China Sustainable Energy Program of the Energy Foundation through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02- 05CH11231. ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY LBNL-6329E Disclaimer This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any
ARM - VAP Product - armbecldrad
Productsarmbearmbecldrad Productsarmbearmbecldrad Documentation Data Management Facility Plots (Quick Looks) Citation DOI: 10.5439/1095314 DOI: 10.5439/1039926 Central Facility, Lamont, OK (SGP C1) DOI: 10.5439/1039927 Central Facility, Barrow AK (NSA C1) DOI: 10.5439/1039928 Central Facility, Manus I., PNG (TWP C1) DOI: 10.5439/1039929 Central Facility, Nauru Island (TWP C2) DOI: 10.5439/1039930 Central Facility, Darwin, Australia (TWP C3) [ What is this? ] Generate Citation ARM Data Discovery Browse Data Comments? We would love to hear from you! Send us a note below or call us at 1-888-ARM-DATA. Send VAP Output : ARMBECLDRAD ARMBE: Cloud Radiation measurements Active Dates 1996.01.01 - 2011.01.01 Originating VAP Process ARM Best Estimate Data Products : ARMBE Description The ARMBE Cloud Radiation (ARMBECLDRAD) VAP contains a best estimate of
ARM - VAP Product - armbeatm
Productsarmbearmbeatm Productsarmbearmbeatm Documentation Data Management Facility Plots (Quick Looks) Citation DOI: 10.5439/1095313 DOI: 10.5439/1039931 Central Facility, Lamont, OK (SGP C1) DOI: 10.5439/1039932 Central Facility, Barrow AK (NSA C1) DOI: 10.5439/1039933 Central Facility, Manus I., PNG (TWP C1) DOI: 10.5439/1039934 Central Facility, Nauru Island (TWP C2) DOI: 10.5439/1039935 Central Facility, Darwin, Australia (TWP C3) [ What is this? ] Generate Citation ARM Data Discovery Browse Data Comments? We would love to hear from you! Send us a note below or call us at 1-888-ARM-DATA. Send VAP Output : ARMBEATM ARMBE: Atmospheric measurements Active Dates 1994.01.01 - 2012.12.31 Originating VAP Process ARM Best Estimate Data Products : ARMBE Description The ARM Best Estimate Atmospheric Measurements (ARMBEATM) value-added
Production of zinc pellets
Uniform zinc pellets are formed for use in batteries having a stationary or moving slurry zinc particle electrode. The process involves the cathodic deposition of zinc in a finely divided morphology from battery reaction product onto a non-adhering electrode substrate. The mossy zinc is removed from the electrode substrate by the action of gravity, entrainment in a flowing electrolyte, or by mechanical action. The finely divided zinc particles are collected and pressed into pellets by a mechanical device such as an extruder, a roller and chopper, or a punch and die. The pure zinc pellets are returned to the zinc battery in a pumped slurry and have uniform size, density and reactivity. Applications include zinc-air fuel batteries, zinc-ferricyanide storage batteries, and zinc-nickel-oxide secondary batteries. 6 figs.
Cooper, J.F.
Uniform zinc pellets are formed for use in batteries having a stationary or moving slurry zinc particle electrode. The process involves the cathodic deposition of zinc in a finely divided morphology from battery reaction product onto a non-adhering electrode substrate. The mossy zinc is removed from the electrode substrate by the action of gravity, entrainment in a flowing electrolyte, or by mechanical action. The finely divided zinc particles are collected and pressed into pellets by a mechanical device such as an extruder, a roller and chopper, or a punch and die. The pure zinc pellets are returned to the zinc battery in a pumped slurry and have uniform size, density and reactivity. Applications include zinc-air fuel batteries, zinc-ferricyanide storage batteries, and zinc-nickel-oxide secondary batteries.
Cooper, John F. (Oakland, CA)
Production of magnesium metal
A process of producing magnesium metal includes providing magnesium carbonate, and reacting the magnesium carbonate to produce a magnesium-containing compound and carbon dioxide. The magnesium-containing compound is reacted to produce magnesium metal. The carbon dioxide is used as a reactant in a second process. In another embodiment of the process, a magnesium silicate is reacted with a caustic material to produce magnesium hydroxide. The magnesium hydroxide is reacted with a source of carbon dioxide to produce magnesium carbonate. The magnesium carbonate is reacted to produce a magnesium-containing compound and carbon dioxide. The magnesium-containing compound is reacted to produce magnesium metal. The invention further relates to a process for production of magnesium metal or a magnesium compound where an external source of carbon dioxide is not used in any of the reactions of the process. The invention also relates to the magnesium metal produced by the processes described herein.
Blencoe, James G. (Harriman, TN); Anovitz, Lawrence M. (Knoxville, TN); Palmer, Donald A. (Oliver Springs, TN); Beard, James S. (Martinsville, VA)
Synthesis gas production
Raw synthesis gas produced by the gasification of coal, heavy oil or similar carbonaceous material is contacted with a reforming catalyst at a temperature in the range between about 1000/sup 0/ and about 1800/sup 0/F and at a pressure between about 100 and about 2000 psig prior to adjustment of the carbon monoxide-to-hydrogen ratio and treatment of the gas to increase its Btu content. This catalytic reforming step eliminates C/sub 2/+ compounds in the gas which tend to form tarry downstream waste products requiring further treatment, obviates polymerization problems which may otherwise interfere with upgrading of the gas by means of the water gas shift and methanation reactions, and improves overall process thermal efficiency by making possible efficient low level heat recovery.
Kalina, T.; Moore, R.E.
The production of thoria ware of very low porosity by the slip casting of pure thoria is described. It comprises dry milling calcined thoria to obtain particles ranging up to 11 microns in size and having 60% of particles less than 2 microns, forming an aqueous slip of the milled thoric casting the slip and firing the dry cast at a sintering temperature of from 1600 to 1825 d C. The preferred composition of the slip is 1600 grams of thoria in each liter of slip. The preferred pH of the slip is 1. When thoria of 99.9% purity is used the slip is suitable for casting for as long as six weeks after preparation.
Murray, P.; Denton, I.; Wilkinson, D.
Economics of hydrogen production
Much of the current interest in hydrogen (H/sub 2/) centers around its potential to displace oil and gas as a fuel. The results of this study should be useful to research and development managers making funding decisions, and they should also be of interest to energy analysts, economists, and proponents of a hydrogen economy. We examined the current costs of H/sub 2/ produced by commercially available technologies (from fossil fuels and by electrolysis) and projected these costs to 2010, to set cost goals for H/sub 2/ produced via new technologies. We also examined the sensitivity of H/sub 2/ costs to varying energy price forecasts, capital costs and the required rate of return on investment, and by-product credits. We find that conventionally produced H/sub 2/ will not break into the fuel market before 2010. 23 references, 19 figures, 12 tables.
Gaines, L.L.; Wolsky, A.M.
Wheatstone Energy Frito-Lay Wheatstone Energy Frito-Lay 1975 The Exchange, Ste. 320 7701 Legacy Dr. Atlanta, GA 30339 Plano, TX 75024 Business: Lighting, Electrical, HVAC Business: Snack Foods James B. Dore, Director, Sales and Marketing Rob Schasel, Director, Energy & Utilities Phone: 770-916-7107 Phone: 972-334-5567 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Email: email@example.com Frito-Lay leverages its energy effort by partnering with Wheatstone Energy to identify and implement lighting improvements resulting in savings of $2.2 million. Project Scope Wheatstone provided turnkey services in upgrading the lighting systems at 96 distribution centers and 16 snack food production plants across North America. Project Summary In addressing lighting retrofits and lighting control strategies, Wheatstone's turnkey services included
Total Marketed Production ..............
billion cubic feet per day) billion cubic feet per day) Total Marketed Production .............. 68.95 69.77 70.45 71.64 71.91 71.70 71.46 71.57 72.61 72.68 72.41 72.62 70.21 71.66 72.58 Alaska ......................................... 1.04 0.91 0.79 0.96 1.00 0.85 0.77 0.93 0.97 0.83 0.75 0.91 0.93 0.88 0.87 Federal GOM (a) ......................... 3.93 3.64 3.44 3.82 3.83 3.77 3.73 3.50 3.71 3.67 3.63 3.46 3.71 3.70 3.62 Lower 48 States (excl GOM) ...... 63.97 65.21 66.21 66.86 67.08 67.08 66.96 67.14 67.92 68.18 68.02 68.24 65.58 67.07 68.09 Total Dry Gas Production .............. 65.46 66.21 66.69 67.79 68.03 67.83 67.61 67.71 68.69 68.76 68.50 68.70 66.55 67.79 68.66 Gross Imports ................................ 8.48 7.60 7.80 7.95 8.27 7.59 7.96 7.91 7.89 7.17 7.61 7.73 7.96 7.93 7.60 Pipeline ........................................
Global production through 2005
Two companion studies released recently should provide great food for thought among geo-political strategists and various national governments. If predictions contained in these Petroconsultants studies of oil and gas production trends for the next 10 years are realized, there will be great repercussions for net exporters and importers, alike. After analyzing and predicting trends within each of the world`s significant producing nations for the 1996--2005 period, the crude oil and condensate report concludes tat global production will jump nearly 24%. By contrast, worldwide gas output will leap 40%. The cast of characters among producers and exporters that will benefit from these increases varies considerably for each fuel. On the oil side, Russia and the OPEC members, particularly the Persian Gulf nations, will be back in the driver`s seat in terms of affecting export and pricing patterns. On the gas side, the leading producers will be an interesting mix of mostly non-OPEC countries. The reemergence of Persian Gulf oil producers, coupled with an anticipated long-term decline among top non-OPEC producing nations should present a sobering picture to government planners within large net importers, such as the US. They are likely to find themselves in much the same supply trap as was experienced in the 1970s, only this time the dependence on foreign oil supplies will be much worse. Gas supplies will not be similarly constrained, and some substitution for oil is probable. Here, two articles, ``World oil industry is set for transition`` and ``Worldwide gas surges forward in next decade,`` present a summary of the findings detailed in Petroconsultants` recent studies.
Foreman, N.E. [Petroconsultants, Inc., Houston, TX (United States)
DOE Solar Decathlon: Product Directory
Directory Directory The U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon 2009 Product Directory provides a complete listing of the products used in the solar-powered team houses. To find common household products, see the list below. You may also search for products by team or in the Product Directory spreadsheet Microsoft Excel . By Products By Team Advanced Search Household Products Bathroom Faucet Bathroom Sink Clothes Dryer Clothes Washer Clothes Washer/Dryer Cooktop Computer Desktop Laptop Decking Dishwasher Dishdrawer Under Counter Dishwasher Exhaust Hood Flooring Furniture Insulation Kitchen Cabinets Kitchen Countertops Kitchen Faucet Kitchen Sink Lighting Fixed Lighting (hardwired) Plug-In Lighting (lamps, plug-in fixtures) Sensors Oven Combination Microwave Steam Wall Photovoltaic Collectors
Hydroprocessing Bio-oil and Products Separation for Coke Production
Fast pyrolysis of biomass can be used to produce a raw bio-oil product, which can be upgraded by catalytic hydroprocessing to hydrocarbon liquid products. In this study the upgraded products were distilled to recover light naphtha and oils and to produce a distillation resid with useful properties for coker processing and production of renewable, low-sulfur electrode carbon. For this hydroprocessing work, phase separation of the bio-oil was applied as a preparatory step to concentrate the heavier, more phenolic components thus generating a more amenable feedstock for resid production. Low residual oxygen content products were produced by continuous-flow, catalytic hydroprocessing of the phase separated bio-oil.
Elliott, Douglas C.; Neuenschwander, Gary G.; Hart, Todd R.
5. U.S. uranium in-situ-leach plants by owner, location, capacity, and operating status at end of the year, 2008-2012 5. U.S. uranium in-situ-leach plants by owner, location, capacity, and operating status at end of the year, 2008-2012 In-Situ-Leach Plant Owner In-Situ-Leach Plant Name County, State (existing and planned locations) Production Capacity (pounds U3O8 per year) Operating Status at End of the Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Cameco Crow Butte Operation Dawes, Nebraska 1,000,000 Operating Operating Operating Operating Operating Hydro Resources, Inc. Crownpoint McKinley, New Mexico 1,000,000 Partially Permitted And Licensed Partially Permitted And Licensed Partially Permitted And Licensed Partially Permitted And Licensed Partially Permitted And Licensed Hydro Resources,Inc. Church Rock McKinley, New Mexico 1,000,000 Partially Permitted And Licensed Partially Permitted And Licensed Partially Permitted And Licensed Partially Permitted And Licensed Partially Permitted And Licensed
Alaska drilling/production
The icy waters of the Beaufort Sea continue to hold the focus for Alaska's offshore wildcatters. A federal Outer Continental Shelf sale that drew high bids totalling more than $2 billion set the stage for this exploration of a huge structure that conceivably could yield another megagiant like Prudhoe Bay. Elsewhere in Beaufort waters, 2 groups of companies unveiled a preliminary design proposal for the first commercial development of an oil field in U.S. Arctic waters. At Prudhoe Bay, an operator announced the North Slope's first tertiary enhanced oil recovery project even as work continued for a massive waterflood of the giant field's principal producing horizon. At Kuparuk River, drillers continued to develop a reservoir that is expected to ultimately yield more than one billion barrels of oil. Alaska's present production of ca 1.7 million bpd puts the state in a solid second place in the ranks of oil-producing states, runnerup only to Texas with an output of 2.5 million bpd.
Rintoul, B.
A process for the production of uranium hexafluoride from the oxides of uranium is reported. In accordance with the method, the higher oxides of uranium may be reduced to uranium dioxide (UO/sub 2/), the latter converted into uranium tetrafluoride by reaction with hydrogen fluoride, and the UF/sub 4/ converted to UF/sub 6/ by reaction with a fluorinating agent, such as CoF/sub 3/. The UO/sub 3/ or U/sub 3/O/sub 8/ is placed in a reac tion chamber in a copper boat or tray enclosed in a copper oven, and heated to 500 to 650 deg C while hydrogen gas is passed through the oven. After nitrogen gas is used to sweep out the hydrogen and the water vapor formed, and while continuing to inaintain the temperature between 400 deg C and 600 deg C, anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is passed through. After completion of the conversion of UO/sub 2/ to UF/sub 4/ the temperature of the reaction chamber is lowered to about 400 deg C or less, the UF/sub 4/ is mixed with the requisite quantity of CoF/sub 3/, and after evacuating the chamber, the mixture is heated to 300 to 400 deg C, and the resulting UF/sub 6/ is led off and delivered to a condenser.
Fowler, R.D.
methods methods This section describes methods used to generate MODIS Land Subsets for Collection 4 and Collection 5 data products. Methods for Selected Sites (Collections 4 and 5) Methods for North America Tool (Collection 4) Methods for the Global Tool (Collection 5) Methods for Selected Sites (Collection 4 and 5) Source for Selected Site Data: Full MODIS scenes (1200-km x 1200-km) are initially subset to 11-km x 31-km (Collection 4) or 25-km x 25-km (Collection 5) by the MODAPS; these initial subsets contain the field site or flux tower. Reformatting and additional subsetting to 7-km x 7-km containing the field site or flux tower are done by the ORNL DAAC. Tools Used: The ORNL DAAC uses the MODIS Reprojection Tool (MRT) to reformat the MODIS data from HDF-EOS to binary format. A tool developed at ORNL is then used to convert the binary format to ASCII. The MRT is available from the Land Processes DAAC. Whereas the MRT can also be used to reproject data from its native projection to other projections, ORNL chose to forgo the resampling associated with reprojection to minimize data manipulation and distortion. The MOD12Q1 Land Cover Collection 3 data are in I-Sin projection, and the Collection 4 and Collection 5 data are in Sinusoidal projection.
Factor Intensity, Product Switching, and Productivity: Evidence from Chinese Exporters
This paper analyzes how a �rm�s specialization in its core products after exporting a�ects its factor intensity and productivity. Using Chinese manufacturing �rm data over the period of 1998-2007, we �nd that �rms become less capital-intensive but more productive after exporting, compared to non-exporters that share similar ex ante characteristics. To rationalize these �ndings that contrast with existing studies, we develop a variant of the model by Bernard, Redding, and Schott (2010, 2011) to consider �rms producing multiple products with varying capital intensity. The model predicts that when a �rm in a labor-abundant country starts exporting, it specializes in its core competencies by allocating more resources to produce labor-intensive products. Firm ex ante productivity is associated with a smaller decline in capital intensity after exporting. A sharper post-exporting decline in capital intensity is associated with a larger increase in measured total factor productivity. We �nd �rm-level evidence supporting these predictions. Using transaction-level data for the period over 2000-2006, we �nd that Chinese exporters continuously add new products that are less capital-intensive than their existing products
Yue Ma Y; Heiwai Tang Z; Yifan Zhang X; Peter Schott; Robert Staiger; Jo Van Biesebroeck
Production design for plate products in the steel industry
Apr 5, 2007 ... Abstract: We describe an optimization tool for a multistage production process for rectangular steel plates. The problem we solve yields a�...
This Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory sponsored project developed carbon products, using mildly hydrogenated solvents to extract the organic portion of coal to create synthetic pitches, cokes, carbon foam and carbon fibers. The focus of this effort was on development of lower cost solvents, milder hydrogenation conditions and improved yield in order to enable practical production of these products. This technology is needed because of the long-term decline in production of domestic feedstocks such as petroleum pitch and coal tar pitch. Currently, carbon products represents a market of roughly 5 million tons domestically, and 19 million tons worldwide. Carbon products are mainly derived from feedstocks such as petroleum pitch and coal tar pitch. The domestic supply of petroleum pitch is declining because of the rising price of liquid fuels, which has caused US refineries to maximize liquid fuel production. As a consequence, the long term trend has a decline in production of petroleum pitch over the past 20 years. The production of coal tar pitch, as in the case of petroleum pitch, has likewise declined significantly over the past two decades. Coal tar pitch is a byproduct of metallurgical grade coke (metcoke) production. In this industry, modern metcoke facilities are recycling coal tar as fuel in order to enhance energy efficiency and minimize environmental emissions. Metcoke production itself is dependent upon the production requirements for domestic steel. Hence, several metcoke ovens have been decommissioned over the past two decades and have not been replaced. As a consequence sources of coal tar are being taken off line and are not being replaced. The long-term trend is a reduction in coal tar pitch production. Thus import of feedstocks, mainly from Eastern Europe and China, is on the rise despite the relatively large transportation cost. To reverse this trend, a new process for producing carbon products is needed. The process must be economically competitive with current processes, and yet be environmentally friendly as well. The solvent extraction process developed uses mild hydrogenation of low cost oils to create powerful solvents that can dissolve the organic portion of coal. The insoluble portion, consisting mainly of mineral matter and fixed carbon, is removed via centrifugation or filtration, leaving a liquid solution of coal chemicals and solvent. This solution can be further refined via distillation to meet specifications for products such as synthetic pitches, cokes, carbon foam and fibers. The most economical process recycles 85% of the solvent, which itself is obtained as a low-cost byproduct from industrial processes such as coal tar or petroleum refining. Alternatively, processes have been developed that can recycle 100% of the solvent, avoiding any need for products derived from petroleum or coal tar.
Dady Dadyburjor; Philip R. Biedler; Chong Chen; L. Mitchell Clendenin; Manoj Katakdaunde; Elliot B. Kennel; Nathan D. King; Liviu Magean; Peter G. Stansberry; Alfred H. Stiller; John W. Zondlo
The problem we solve yields a production design (or plan) for rectangular plate ...... (the CD width exploration phase), and then later with the slabs restricted to�...
Characterizing radio channels : the science and technology of propagation and interference, 1900-1935
Guglielmo Marconi's trans-Atlantic wireless experiment in 1900 marked the beginning of a communication revolution that transformed the open space above the earth into channels of information flow. This dissertation grapples ...
Yeang, Chen-Pang.
Architecture of oppression : slave fortresses and their relevance to contemporary American urban prison architecture
No discussion on architecture and race would be complete without a look at the slave fortresses of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. The importation of African slaves to the Americas was the economic catalyst that subsequently ...
Whisby, Afiya A
ARM - Principal Investigator Data Products
govDataPI Data Products govDataPI Data Products Comments? We would love to hear from you! Send us a note below or call us at 1-888-ARM-DATA. Send PI Data Products These data sets have been made available by ARM principal investigators (PI) or by others for use by the scientific community through the ARM Data Archive. These data are value-added products to particular ARM data sets or are derived research data of value to ARM science. To submit your own value-added data set, go to Data Product Registration and Submission. Using your Archive account, these data are freely available. First time users of the Archive will need to create a new account by completing a relatively short form asking for contact information-accounts are activated right away. Product Name Investigator Sites Start End
Reaction products of chlorine dioxide
Concern over the presence of trihalomethanes and other chlorinated by-products in chlorinedisinfected drinking water has led to extensive investigations of treatment options for controlling these by-products. Among these treatment options is the use of an alternative disinfectant such as chlorine dioxide. Although chlorine dioxide does not react to produce trihalomethanes, considerable evidence does exist that chlorine dioxide, like chlorine, will produce other organic by-products. The literature describes chlorinated and nonchlorinated derivatives including acids, epoxides, quinones, aldehydes, disulfides, and sulfonic acids that are products of reactions carried out under conditions that are vastly different from those experienced during drinking water treatment. Evidence is beginning to emerge, however, that some by-products in these categories may be produced. Certain specific volatile aldehydes and halogenated derivatives as determined by the total organic halogen parameter are among those by-products that have been measured.
Alan A. Stevens
A summary of the demonstration of 14 stages (in 10 wells) of a unique liquid-free stimulation process which employs carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) as the working fluid in ten Candidate Wells. Three were situated in Perry County and seven in Pike County of eastern kentucky's Big Sandy gas field. These activities included four individual efforts which have previously been described in detail in four submitted Final Reports, and are herein summarized. These ten Candidate wells produce from the Devonian Shale which is well known to be damaged by liquid based stimulation processes. They were treated with a total of fourteen stages; four as a single stage, and the others in two stages per well all containing approximately 120 tons of CO{sub 2} per stage. These liquid free stimulations also contained proppant quantities on the order of 45,000 lbs per stage. The results show in the three Perry Co Candidate wells that the stimulations were not as effective as the best conventional technology, and resulted in a stimulation cost for produced gas of $0.69 per Mcf vs $0.43 for N{sub 2} gas stimulations. The results in the Pike County Candidates, where the shale section is thicker--1,025 vs. 350 feet, indicated a superior response from the wells stimulated with the CO{sub 2}/sand process. A five year production benefit of 67.7 MMcf per stage, or 135.4 MMcf per well over that from the closest competing technology which results in a 3.41 benefit ratio and a stimulation cost for produced gas of $0.47 per Mcf vs $1.14 for N{sub 2} gas.
Raymond L. Mazza
Waste form product characteristics
The Department of Energy has operated nuclear facilities at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) to support national interests for several decades. Since 1953, it has supported the development of technologies for the storage and reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels (SNF) and the resultant wastes. However, the 1992 decision to discontinue reprocessing of SNF has left nearly 768 MT of SNF in storage at the INEL with unspecified plans for future dispositioning. Past reprocessing of these fuels for uranium and other resource recovery has resulted in the production of 3800 M{sup 3} calcine and a total inventory of 7600 M{sup 3} of radioactive liquids (1900 M{sup 3} destined for immediate calcination and the remaining sodium-bearing waste requiring further treatment before calcination). These issues, along with increased environmental compliance within DOE and its contractors, mandate operation of current and future facilities in an environmentally responsible manner. This will require satisfactory resolution of spent fuel and waste disposal issues resulting from the past activities. A national policy which identifies requirements for the disposal of SNF and high level wastes (HLW) has been established by the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (NWPA) Sec.8,(b) para(3)) [1982]. The materials have to be conditioned or treated, then packaged for disposal while meeting US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulations. The spent fuel and HLW located at the INEL will have to be put into a form and package that meets these regulatory criteria. The emphasis of Idaho Chemical Processing Plant (ICPP) future operations has shifted toward investigating, testing, and selecting technologies to prepare current and future spent fuels and waste for final disposal. This preparation for disposal may include mechanical, physical and/or chemical processes, and may differ for each of the various fuels and wastes.
Taylor, L.L.; Shikashio, R.
Fission product solvent extraction
Two main objectives concerning removal of fission products from high-level tank wastes will be accomplished in this project. The first objective entails the development of an acid-side Cs solvent-extraction (SX) process applicable to remediation of the sodium-bearing waste (SBW) and dissolved calcine waste (DCW) at INEEL. The second objective is to develop alkaline-side SX processes for the combined removal of Tc, Cs, and possibly Sr and for individual separation of Tc (alone or together with Sr) and Cs. These alkaline-side processes apply to tank wastes stored at Hanford, Savannah River, and Oak Ridge. This work exploits the useful properties of crown ethers and calixarenes and has shown that such compounds may be economically adapted to practical processing conditions. Potential benefits for both acid- and alkaline-side processing include order-of-magnitude concentration factors, high rejection of bulk sodium and potassium salts, and stripping with dilute (typically 10 mM) nitric acid. These benefits minimize the subsequent burden on the very expensive vitrification and storage of the high-activity waste. In the case of the SRTALK process for Tc extraction as pertechnetate anion from alkaline waste, such benefits have now been proven at the scale of a 12-stage flowsheet tested in 2-cm centrifugal contactors with a Hanford supernatant waste simulant. SRTALK employs a crown ether in a TBP-modified aliphatic kerosene diluent, is economically competitive with other applicable separation processes being considered, and has been successfully tested in batch extraction of actual Hanford double-shell slurry feed (DSSF).
Moyer, B.A.; Bonnesen, P.V.; Sachleben, R.A. [and others
Product Service Codes @ Headquarters | Department of Energy
Product Service Codes @ Headquarters Product Service Codes @ Headquarters A listing of Product Service Codes used at Headquarters Procurement Services Produce Service Codes @...
Federal Energy Management Program: Covered Product Category:...
STAR luminaires product category covers a wide range of lighting products, both residential and commercial. ENERGY STAR Qualified Products Updated March 2013 FEMP provides...
Cool Roof Products to someone by E-mail Share Federal Energy Management Program: Covered Product Category: Cool Roof Products on Facebook Tweet about Federal Energy Management...
Challenges associated with shale gas production | Department...
Challenges associated with shale gas production Challenges associated with shale gas production What challenges are associated with shale gas production? More Documents &...
Monthly Biodiesel Production Report - Energy Information ...
Highlights. Production - U.S. production of biodiesel was 128 million gallons in July 2013. This was an increase from production of 113 million gallons in June 2013.
Genomic Prospecting for Microbial Biodiesel Production
and Kato, N. (2002) Wax ester production from n-alkanes bycoli engineered for fuel production. Microbiology 152: 2529-Increased fatty acid production in potato by engineering of
Lykidis, Athanasios
Map Data: Total Production | Department of Energy
Total Production Map Data: Total Production totalprod2009final.csv More Documents & Publications Map Data: Renewable Production Map Data: State Consumption...
Net Primary Production (NPP) Project Page
RegionalGlobal > Net Primary Production (NPP) Net Primary Production (NPP) Project Overview The ORNL DAAC Net Primary Production (NPP) data set collection contains field...
Fitcraft Production sro | Open Energy Information
Fitcraft Production sro Jump to: navigation, search Name Fitcraft Production sro Place Novy Jicin, Czech Republic Zip 74101 Sector Solar Product Czech manufacturer of silicon...
Map Data: Renewable Production | Department of Energy
Renewable Production Map Data: Renewable Production renewprod2009.csv More Documents & Publications Map Data: Total Production Map Data: State Consumption Directory of Potential...
Weapons production | Y-12 National Security Complex
Weapons production Weapons production An effective production infrastructure is critical to national security. Y-12 continues to replace World War II-era facilities to increase...
Coal Combustion Products | Department of Energy
Coal Combustion Products Coal Combustion Products Coal combustion products (CCPs) are solid materials produced when coal is burned to generate electricity. Since coal provides the...
Combustion Products Coal Combustion Products Coal combustion products (CCPs) are solid materials produced when coal is burned to generate electricity. Since coal provides the...
Energy Basics: Bio-Based Products
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Share this resource Biomass Biofuels Biopower Bio-Based Products Biomass Resources Geothermal Hydrogen Hydropower Ocean Solar Wind Bio-Based Products Almost all of the products...
NIDC: Online Catalog of Isotope Products Home
Catalog of Isotope Products Please select an option below. PRODUCTS VIEWING Select using PERIODIC TABLE or NUCLIDE CHART or LIST SEARCHING SEARCH for a Product REQUESTING REQUEST a...
Highlights. Production - U.S. production of biodiesel was 127 million gallons in September 2013. Biodiesel production during September 2013 was about ...
Natural Gas Dry Production (Annual Supply & Disposition)
Repressuring Nonhydrocarbon Gases Removed Vented and Flared Marketed Production Natural Gas Processed NGPL Production, Gaseous Equivalent Dry Production Imports By Pipeline LNG...
Particulate Waste Product Combustion System
The disposal of low value by-products from the processing of agricultural food crops presents many energy consuming problems to the food producing industry. Consequently, industry has the continuous problem of utilization or disposal of the by-products within the frame work of its economic structure. The system presented here is an approach to an economical way of utilizing waste by-products for an energy source there-by reducing dependency on traditional fuel sources.
King, D. R.; Chastain, C. E.
Advanced synfuel production with fusion
An important first step in the synthesis of liquid and gaseous fuels is the production of hydrogen. Thermonuclear fusion offers a nearly inexhaustible source of energy for the production of hydrogen from water. Depending on design, electric generation efficiencies of approx. 40 to 60% and hydrogen production efficiencies by high temperature electrolysis of approx. 50 to 70% are projected for fusion reactors using high temperature blankets.
Powell, J.R.; Fillo, J.
Production Wells | Open Energy Information
Production Wells Production Wells Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: Production Wells Details Activities (13) Areas (13) Regions (0) NEPA(7) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Drilling Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Development Drilling Parent Exploration Technique: Development Drilling Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Drill cuttings are analyzed to determine lithology and mineralogy Stratigraphic/Structural: Fractures, faults, and geologic formations that the well passes through are identified and mapped. Hydrological: Identify aquifers, reservoir boundaries, flow rates, fluid pressure, and chemistry Thermal: Direct temperature measurements from within the reservoir Dictionary.png Production Wells:
Productivity index of multilateral wells.
??In the history of petroleum science there are a vast variety of productivity solutions for different well types, well configurations and flow regimes. The main� (more)
Nunsavathu, Upender Naik.
The main objective of this paper is to explore whether or not sunk costs are systematically related to productivity di�erences at the �rm level, as suggested by models of industry dynamics (Hopenhayn, 1992).The comparisons of productivity distributions for groups of �rms with di�erent levels of sunk costs are performed by non-parametric procedures and for a large scale �rm-level panel data set of Spanish manufacturing �rms. We �nd that sunk costs are an important source of heterogeneity across �rm productivity. The evidence we �nd is consistent with models of industry dynamics predicting lower productivity for �rms with a higher level of sunk costs.
Jose C. Fari�as; Sonia Ruano
Electrode Technology for Aluminum Production
Loss in Cathode Life Resulting from the Shutdown and Restart of Potlines at Aluminum Smelters � Lower Aluminium Production Cost through Refractory Material�...
Mr. Chairman and Members of the Subcommittee, thank-you for the opportunity to appear before you today to discuss the production and economics of gas hydrate development.
Steven H. Hancock; P. Eng
ORNL DAACData Product Citation Policy
have questions about how to cite ORNL DAAC data products or services, please contact the ORNL DAAC User Services Office (USO). An editorial "Citations to Published Data Sets"...
Production I/O Characterization
library that collects IO access pattern in- formation from large-scale production applications with minimal overhead. In this paper we present our experiences in...
Xylooligosaccharides Production, Quantification, and Characterization...
Xylooligosaccharides Production, Quantification, and Characterization in Context of Lignocellulosic Biomass Pretreatment Qing Qing 1 , Hongjia Li 2,3,4, , Rajeev Kumar 2,4 and...
Production work up for grabs
Crossroads effort had dealt the laboratory a tremendous blow as the demands for production seemed to override any scientific research and development. On September 24, 1946,...
Nanoparticulate Materials: Production, Consolidation and ...
The main scope of this symposium will cover both a broad range of conventional and novel nanoparticle production techniques and a wide spectrum of methods�...
Future Prospects for Oil Production
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 . High TRR . Reference . High EUR . Tight oil production . million barrels per day . Low EUR . 5 Adam Sieminski
Available Technologies: Ligninolytic Enzyme Production
The estimated production cost of laccase using this technology is about 10-60% of current commercial prices. The efficient bioconversion of plant ...
Cast Shop for Aluminum Production
Organizer(s), Trond Furu, Hydro ... Review at Several US Aluminum Die Cast Manufacturers Using Unique, Non-Wetting, Micro-Porous Refractory Products.
Additive Manufacturing for Large Products.
?? This thesis researches the possibility and feasibility of applying additive manufacturing technology in the manufacturing of propellers. The thesis concerns the production at the� (more)
Leirv�g, Roar Nelissen
& Energy at Home Details Bookmark & Share View Related Request by Mail Welcome to the EERE Publication and Product Library. This library will allow you to find publications and...
ANDOR select additional criteria (Information For, Information Type, Product Type, or EERE Office Name) to narrow your search results, AND PRESS 'SEARCH'. Search the Library...
High Quality, Scalable Graphene Production
Presentation_namefor the U.S. Department of Energy ... �No good characterization tool for large area ... �Current range of product on the market
2012 Domestic Uranium Production Report
udrilling 2012 Domestic Uranium Production Report Next Release Date: May 2014 Table 1. U.S. uranium drilling activities, 2003-2012 Year Exploration Drilling
The Year of Peak Production
When world conventional oil production will peak is, of course, the bottom-line question. It has already peaked in the United States, in 1970.
EERE: Energy Basics Geothermal Electricity Production A photo of steam emanating from geothermal power plants at The Geysers in California. Geothermal energy originates from deep...
& Share View Related Latest Additions Product Thumbnail Image Low-Temperature Geothermal Projects Nationwide Poster of low-temperature and co-produced geothermal projects...
Productive commercialization of university technology.
??Productive commercialization of university technology is a concern for the many stakeholders of the commercialization system. Do more total university research expenditures and more university� (more)
Winder, Charles
Collaborative Initiatives for Sustainable Products ...
... (EPA) 2. LCA for Sustainable Light Emitting Diode Fluorescent Lamps (DOE) 3. Sustainable Product Initiative (EPA) ? Cradle-to-Gate Tools ...
Microbially derived crop protection products
of the Project: Microbially derived crop protection productstransferred into major crop plants. Following greenhouseMicrobial Diversity-Based Novel Crop Protection Products " A
Torok, Tamas
Products & Services | Department of Energy
build consensus for change, and to facilitate learning, and the change process. Products & Services Training Advisor DOE Virtual University Learning & Development PolicyCompliance...
This chapter describes the methodology used in EPA�s Waste Reduction Model (WARM) to estimate streamlined life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factors for wood products beginning at the point of waste generation. The WARM GHG emission factors are used to compare the net emissions associated with wood products in the following four materials management alternatives: source
unknown authors
ARM - Evaluation Product - Droplet Number Concentration Value-Added Product
ProductsDroplet Number Concentration Value-Added ProductsDroplet Number Concentration Value-Added Product Comments? We would love to hear from you! Send us a note below or call us at 1-888-ARM-DATA. Send Evaluation Product : Droplet Number Concentration Value-Added Product 2005.01.01 - 2010.12.30 Site(s) SGP General Description Cloud droplet number concentration is an important factor in understanding aerosol-cloud interactions. As aerosol concentration increases, it is expected that droplet number concentration, Nd, will increase and droplet size decrease, for a given liquid water path (Twomey 1977), which will greatly affect cloud albedo as smaller droplets reflect more shortwave radiation. However, the magnitude and variability of these processes under different environmental conditions is still uncertain. McComiskey et al.
Covered Product Category: Commercial Fryers
FEMP provides acquisition guidance across a variety of product categories, including commercial fryers, which are an ENERGY STAR�-qualified product category. Federal laws and executive orders mandate that agencies meet these efficiency requirements in all procurement and acquisition actions that are not specifically exempted by law.
Covered Product Category: Commercial Boiler
FEMP provides acquisition guidance and Federal efficiency requirements across a variety of product categories, including commercial boilers, which is a FEMP-designated product category. Federal laws and executive orders mandate that agencies meet these efficiency requirements in all procurement and acquisition actions that are not specifically exempted by law.