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2 AASTeX Article Markup
2.1 Preamble
2.1.1 Getting Started
2.1.2 Defining New Commands
2.1.3 Editorial Information
2.1.4 Short Comment on Title Page
2.1.5 Running Heads
2.2 Starting the Main Body
2.3 Title and Author Information
2.4 Abstract
2.5 Keywords
2.6 Comments to Editors
2.7 Sections
2.8 Figure and Table Placement
2.9 Acknowledgments
2.10 Facilities
2.11 Appendices
2.12 Equations
2.13 Citations and Bibliography
2.13.1 The thebibliography Environment
2.13.2 Specifying Bibliographic and Citation Information
2.13.3 The references Environment
2.13.4 Abbreviations for Journal Names
2.14 Figures
2.14.1 Electronic Art
2.14.2 Figure Captions
2.15 Tables
2.15.1 The deluxetable Environment
2.15.2 Preamble to the deluxetable
2.15.3 Content of the deluxetable
2.15.4 The table Environment
2.15.5 Table End Notes
2.16 Supplemental Materials
2.16.1 Machine-readable Tables
2.16.2 Online Color Figures
2.16.3 Online-only Figures
2.16.4 Animations
2.17 Miscellaneous
2.17.1 Celestial Objects and Data Sets
2.17.2 Ionic Species and Chemical Bonds
2.17.3 Fractions
2.17.4 Astronomical Symbols
2.17.5 Hypertext Constructs
2.18 Concluding the File
3 Style Options
3.1 Manuscript Style
3.2 Preprints
3.2.1 Single-column Preprint
3.2.2 Two-column Preprint
3.3 The eqsecnum Style
3.4 The flushrt Style
4 Additional Documentation
5 Acknowledgments
1 Introduction
The American Astronomical Society (AAS) has developed a markup package to assist authors in preparing manuscripts intended for submission to AAS-affiliated journals, as well as to other journals that will accept AASTeX manuscripts.
The most important aspect of the AASTeX
package is that it defines the set of commands, or markup,
that can be used to identify the structural elements of papers.
When articles are marked up using this set of standard commands,
they may then be submitted electronically to the editorial
offices and fed into the electronic production of the journals.
This guide contains basic instructions for creating
manuscripts using the AASTeX markup package.
Authors are expected to be familiar with the editorial
requirements of the journals so that they can make
appropriate submissions; they should also have a basic
knowledge of LaTeX-for instance, knowing
how to set up equations using LaTeX commands.
A number of useful publications about LaTeX (and TeX) are listed in
the reference section of this guide.
Authors who wish to submit papers electronically to the ApJ, AJ, or PASP are strongly encouraged use the AASTeX markup package as described in this guide.
2 AASTeX Article Markup
This section describes the commands in the AASTeX
package that an author might enter in a manuscript that is being
prepared for electronic submission to one of the journals.
The commands will be described in roughly the same order as they
would appear in a manuscript.
The reader will also find it helpful to examine the
sample files that are distributed with the package and to consult the
information available on the AASTeX Web site located at http://aastex.aas.org/.
Authors are also reminded to review the instructions to authors and electronic
submissions guidelines for the specific journals to which they submit
their papers.
2.1 Preamble
In LaTeX manuscripts, the preamble is that portion of the file before
the \begin{document} command.
2.1.1 Getting Started
The first piece of markup in the manuscript declares the
overall style of the document. Any commands that appear before this
markup will be ignored.
This specifies the document class as aastex with the
default style (manuscript).
The paper copy produced by this style file will be double spaced.
Any tables included in the main body of the manuscript will also be
double spaced.
Other substyles are available. They are discussed in § 3.
2.1.2 Defining New Commands
AASTeX allows authors to define their own commands with
LaTeX's \newcommand.
(Authors should not use the plain TeX \def command in
AAS journal submissions.)
Authors' \newcommand definitions must be placed in the
document preamble.
In general, author-defined commands that are
abbreviations or shorthands are acceptable and can be easily handled
by journal offices and publishers during data conversion;
for example:
\newcommand{\grb}{gamma ray burst}
However, abbreviations that attempt to define new symbols by using
LaTeX commands for repositioning text tend to
cause problems in the publication process and should be avoided.
In particular, author-defined commands that use any of the commands
listed below are apt to cause problems during data conversion.
\hskip, \vskip,
\raise, \raisebox,
\lower, \rlap,
\kern, \lineskip,
\char, \mathchar,
\mathcode, \buildref,
\mathrel, \baselineskip
Consequently, authors are strongly discouraged from
using them.
Extra symbols are defined for AASTeX,
some specifically for an astronomical context, others more
broadly used in math and physics.
In particular, the AMS has additional symbol fonts that are
available in a standard LaTeX package (amssymb).
All of these symbols are depicted in the additional symbosl tables
supplied with the package and on the AASTeX Web site.
Before defining a new symbol command,
authors are advised to consult these tables to see whether the
symbol they need already exists. If it does, they should use the
corresponding markup command.
Authors should not redefine existing command names.
When one of these commands is encountered in an electronic
manuscript submitted to a journal, an author's redefinition will
be ignored and the originally-defined command used.
2.1.3 Editorial Information
A number of markup commands are available for
editorial office use in recording the publication history
for each manuscript.
These commands should be used by
the editorial and production offices only.
\received{receipt date} \revised{revision date} \accepted{acceptance date} \ccc{code} \cpright{type}{year}
Copyright information should be specified with the commands \cpright and \ccc. The type of copyright and the corresponding year are given in \cpright. Valid copyright types are as follows.
AAS Copyright assigned to the AAS ASP Copyright assigned to the ASP Crown Crown copyright applies none No copyright can be claimed
The copyright type is case sensitive, so the type string must be
entered exactly as given above.
The Copyright Clearing Center code may be given in the \ccc
command. The code is taken as regular text, so any special characters,
notably "$," must be escaped as appropriate.
2.1.4 Short Comment on Title Page
Authors who wish to include a short remark on the title page,
such as the name and date of the journal to which an article
has been submitted, may do so with the following command.
In the
manuscript style,
these comments appear on the title page after the title and authors;
in the
preprint style,
they are placed at the upper right corner
of the title page.
2.1.5 Running Heads
Authors are invited to supply running head information using the
following commands.
\shorttitle{text} \shortauthors{text}
Two different kinds of data are generally supplied in running heads.
The left head contains an author list, (last
names, possibly truncated as "et al."), while the right head
is an abbreviated form of the paper title. This running head
information will not appear on the LaTeX-printed page but will be
passed through to copy editing staff
for inclusion in the published version.
Editors and publishers impose varying requirements
on the brevity of these data. A good rule of thumb is to limit the list
of authors to three or else use "et al.," and to limit the
short form of the title to 40-45 characters.
The editors may choose to modify the author-supplied
running heads.
2.2 Starting the Main Body
The preamble is a control section.
None of the markup that appears in the preamble
actually typesets anything. The author must include a
command to identify the beginning of the main, typeset
portion of the manuscript.
2.3 Title and Author Information
Authors should use the
and \author commands to specify title
and author information and the \affil command
to indicate the author's primary affiliation.
Each \author
should be followed by a corresponding \affil
and optional \email command.
\title{text} \author{name(s)} \affil{affiliation} \affil{address} \email{e-mail address} \and
Line breaks may be inserted in the title
with the \\ command. (Long titles will
be broken automatically, so the \\ markup is not required.)
If the title is explicitly broken over several lines, the
preferred style for titles in AAS and ASP journals is the so-called
"inverted pyramid" style. In this style, the longest line
is the first (or top) line, and each succeeding line is shorter.
The text of the title should be entered in mixed case;
it will be printed in upper case or mixed case according to
the style of the publication.
Footnotes are permissible in titles. Be careful to ensure that
alternate affiliations (see below) are properly numbered if a
footnote to the title is specified.
Authors' names should be entered in mixed case.
Names that appear together in the author list for authors who
have the same primary affiliation should be specified in a single
\author command.
Each author group should be followed by
an \affil command giving the principle
affiliation of those authors. Physical and postal address information
for the specified institution may be included with \affil.
The address can be broken over several lines using the
\\ command to indicate
the line breaks.
Usually, however, postal information will fit on one line.
When there is more than one \author command, the final
one should be preceded by the \and command.
Authors often have affiliations in addition to their principle employer.
These alternate affiliations may be specified with the \altaffilmark
and \altaffiltext
These behave like the \footnotemark
and footnotetext commands of LaTeX except that they do not take
optional arguments. \altaffilmark
is appended to authors' names in the \author
list and generates superscript identification numbers.
The text for the individual alternate affiliations is generated by the
\altaffilmark{key number(s)} \altaffiltext{numerical key}{text}
It is up to the author to make sure that
each key number in his or her \altaffilmark
matches the numerical key for
the corresponding \altaffiltext.
When there is a lengthy author list, all author names may be
specified in a single \author
command with affiliations
specified using the \altaffilmark mechanism.
In these cases, no \affil
commands are used, and in print, the
affiliations would all be listed in a footnote block at the bottom
of the title page.
2.4 Abstract
A paper's abstract should be marked with the
abstract environment.
\begin{abstract} abstract text \end{abstract}
If an author is using the preprint2 style, and the abstract is too long to fit on the title page, the longabstract option may be used in the documentclass to break the abstract to a new page.
Note that authors should use the longabstract option only in preprint2 mode and only when the abstract is too long to fit on the title page.
2.5 Keywords
Keywords, or subject headings, are accommodated
as a single piece of text.
If authors supply keywords, they must be delimited by whatever
punctuation is required by the journal.
They should be specified in alphabetical order.
The \keywords
command will print the proper leading text-"Keywords:," "Subject headings:," etc.-according to journal style.
2.6 Comments to Editors
Authors may make notes or comments to the copy editor with the
\notetoeditor command.
This command behaves like a
footnote. Output to the printed page is produced only in the
manuscript style.
2.7 Sections
AASTeX supports four levels of section headings.
\section{heading} \subsection{heading} \subsubsection{heading} \paragraph{heading}
Section headings should be given in upper case or mixed case, depending
on the style of the journal.
Note that these commands delimit sections by marking the
beginning of each section;
there are no separate commands to mark the ends.
2.8 Figure and Table Placement
When preparing a manuscript for submission to an AAS journal, figures and tables do not generally need to be "placed" in the text of the
document where an author would like them to appear but
rather may simply follow the main body of the text.
However, authors may indicate to the editors the preferred placement of
these items by use of the \place* commands.
\placetable{key} \placefigure{key}
The \place*{key} commands are similar to the
command in LaTeX
and require corresponding \label
commands to link them to the
proper elements.
When used in the
manuscript style, the \place* commands will print a short
message to the editor about figure or table placement.
In the other styles, nothing is printed.
2.9 Acknowledgments
AASTeX supports an
name="acknowledgments29"> section.
\acknowledgments acknowledgments text
In the AASTeX styles, acknowledgments are set off from the
conclusion of the body with vertical space. Note the acknowledgments
command takes no arguments.
2.10 Facilities
To help organizations obtain information on the effectiveness of their
telescopes, the AAS has created a group of keywords for telescope
facilities. Using a common set of keywords will make searches for
this information significantly easier and more accurate.
In addition, the use of facility
keywords will be useful for linking papers that utilize the
same telescopes together within the framework of the Virtual Observatory.
A facilities keyword list is available through a
link at the AASTeX Web page, http://aastex.aas.org/.
The facilities list should appear after the
acknowledgments section.
Facilities: \facility{facility ID}, \facility{facility ID}, \facility{facility ID}, ...
As part of the facility ID argument,
the author may also include
the name of the instrument in parentheses, e.g.
facility{HST(WFPC2)} or facility{MMT(Blue channel spectrograph)}.
There is no limit to the number of facility keywords
that may be included in a paper.
2.11 Appendices
When one or more appendices are needed in a paper, the point where the
main body text ends and the appendix begins should be marked
with the \appendix
\section{body section} \appendix \section{appendix section}
The \appendix
command takes care of a number of internal
housekeeping concerns, such as identifying sections with letters
instead of numerals, and resetting the equation counter.
Note that the \appendix
command takes no arguments.
Sections in the appendix should be headed with \section
2.12 Equations
Display equations can be typeset in LaTeX in a number of ways.
The following three are probably of greatest use in AASTeX.
\begin{displaymath} \end{displaymath} \begin{equation} \end{equation} \begin{eqnarray} \end{eqnarray}
displaymath environment
will break out a single,
unnumbered formula. The equation environment does the same
thing except that the equation is
autonumbered by LaTeX.
To set several formulæ in which vertical alignment
is required, or to display a long equation across multiple lines, use the
eqnarray environment. Each line of the eqnarray
will be numbered
unless a \nonumber
command is inserted
before the equation line delimiter
LaTeX's equation counter is not incremented when
is used.
Authors may occasionally wish to group related equations together and
identify them with letters appended to the equation number.
When this is desired, such related equations should still be set
in equation or eqnarray environments, whichever is
appropriate, and then grouped within
the mathletters environment.
\begin{mathletters} equation or eqnarray \end{mathletters}
It is possible to override LaTeX's automatic numbering within the
equation or eqnarray environments using
When \eqnum
is specified inside an equation environment
or on a particular equation within an eqnarray, the text
supplied as an argument to \eqnum
is used as the equation
LaTeX's equation counter is not incremented when \eqnum
is used.
must be used inside the math environment.
If, as a consequence of the use of \eqnum
or \nonumber,
LaTeX's equation counter gets out of synch with the author's
intended sequence,
the counter may be reset to a particular value.
The equation counter should be set to the number corresponding to the
last equation that was formatted; therefore, it is most appropriate for this
command to appear immediately after an equation or
eqnarray environment.
The command must be used
outside the math environments.
The eqsecnum style file can also be used to modify the way equations
are numbered. See § 3 for details.
2.13 Citations and Bibliography
Two options are available for marking citations
and formatting reference lists: the standard LaTeX thebibliography
environment, and the AASTeX references environment.
Authors are strongly encouraged to use thebibliography
in their electronic submissions.
Please note that the bibliographic data supplied by the author in
the reference list must conform to the standards of the journal.
Many of the journals that
accept AASTeX agreed to reduce typographic overhead, bold, italic, etc.,
in reference lists [Abt, 1990], and the AAS
has elected not to burden authors with tedious markup commands
to delimit the bibliographic fields. Instead, citations will be
typeset in roman with no size or style changes.
It is the responsibility of the author to
arrange the required bibliographic fields in the
proper order with the correct punctuation, according to journal
2.13.1 The thebibliography Environment
The preferred method for reference management is to use LaTeX's
thebibliography environment, marking citations in the body
of the paper with
\citep or \citet
and associating references with them using \bibitem.
The \cite-\bibitem
mechanism associates citations and references symbolically
while maintaining proper citation syntax within the paper.
In the \bibitem
command, the author should specify citation data inside
square brackets and a citation key in curly braces
for each reference. (The bibitem command is described
in detail in the next section.)
\begin{thebibliography}{dummy} \bibitem[cite data]{key} bibliographic data . . \end{thebibliography}
Note that the argument dummy to the start command of the
environment is not
used in the AASTeX package, but it is included to be consistent with the
syntax of standard LaTeX. It is acceptable to simply insert an
empty pair of curly braces at the end of the \begin{thebibliography}
2.13.2 Specifying Bibliographic and Citation Information
AASTeX uses the natbib package [Daly, 1998] for
citation management.
The natbib package re-implements LaTeX's cite command,
offering greater flexibility for managing citations in the
author-year form.
When using natbib, bibliographic data are defined
in bibitem commands.
\bibitem[author(year)]{key} bibliographic data
The square-bracketed argument of the bibitem
contains the author portion of the citation
followed by the year set off in parentheses.
The parentheses are important-natbib uses them to
determine the year portion of the citation-so be sure to
include them.
The argument key in curly braces is the code name
by which the citation is referenced in the text.
When placing citations in the text, the author should use
either a citep or a citet command.
\citep{key(s)} \citet{key(s)}
The citep command produces a citation that is entirely
set off by parentheses, e.g. "(Cox 1995)," while citet permits
the author's name to form part of the text, e.g. "Cox (1995)."
The plain LaTeX cite command behaves like citet.
The citation key must correspond to the key in a bibitem command.
During processing, information from the square-bracketed argument of the
key's bibitem is inserted in
the text at the location of the \cite command.
Multiple citation keys are separated by commas, e.g.,
citep and citet each take optional arguments that specify
extra text to be appended to the citation label. Text in the first
set of square brackets will appear before the cite while
text in the second set will appear after it.
For instance, citep[chap. 2]{jon90}
would produce the citation "(Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2),"
citep[see][]{jon90} would produce "(see Jones et al, 1990)," and
citep[see][chap. 2]jon90} would print
"(see Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)."
In addition, the * form of the
cite commands will print the full author list instead of the
abbreviated form.
The syntax discussed above should be sufficient for the
vast majority of cases; however, AASTeX
does use the full natbib implementation, so many more
syntax options are available. For details on
the full range of natbib citation options, see the section
on using natbib on the AASTeX Web
site and the natbib package documentation.
It is not possible to use \bibitem
within AASTeX's references environment
(§ 2.13.3),
nor will \cite commands work properly in the main body
if \bibitem commands are absent.
2.13.3 The references Environment
Some authors might prefer to enter citations directly
into the body of an article. If so, the references environment may be
used to format the reference list. The
references environment
simply sets off
the list of references and adjusts spacing parameters.
\begin{references} \reference{key} bibliographic data . . \end{references}
While the
references environment
remains supported in AASTeX,
we anticipate that authors will prefer the stronger capabilities of
the standard LaTeX thebibliography commands as extended by natbib.
2.13.4 Abbreviations for Journal Names
AASTeX commands for journal abbreviations have been deprecated.
Authors are encouraged to use standard journal abbreviations defined
by the ADS group; see http://ads.harvard.edu/journal-abbrevs.
2.14 Figures
2.14.1 Electronic Art
If an author wishes
to embed graphics in a manuscript, it is necessary that
the graphics files conform
to the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) standard [Adobe, 1999]. The
author must also have an appropriate DVI translator,
one that targets PostScript output devices. (Detailed information
on preparing and submitting electronic art is
available in the submissions instructions for the journals.)
Several commands are available for including EPS files
in AASTeX manuscripts. They should be placed within the
figure environment.
\begin{figure} \figurenum{text} \epsscale{num} \plotone{epsfile} \plottwo{epsfile}{epsfile} \caption{text} \end{figure}
When \figurenum is specified inside the figure environment,
the text supplied as an argument to \figurenum will be used as the
figure identifier.
LaTeX's figure counter is not incremented when \figurenum
is used.
\figurenum must be used inside the figure environment.
\plotone inserts the graphic in the named EPS file,
scaled so that the horizontal
dimension fits the width of the body text;
the vertical dimension is scaled to maintain the aspect ratio.
\plottwo inserts two plots next to each other.
Scale factors are determined automatically from information in the
EPS file.
The automatic scaling may be overridden with the command
\epsscale{num}, where num is a scaling factor
in decimal units, e.g., 0.80.
The plotone and plottwo
macros are invocations of the graphicx
includegraphics command. In most instances, using
plotone or plottwo should work for placing
figures in AASTeX documents. However, if more
flexibility is needed, the includegraphics command
may be invoked directly. For instance, to rotate
an image by 90 degrees, use
See the graphicx package documentation or the AASTeX Web site for a
complete list of the available arguments to includegraphics.
Authors are strongly encouraged to use plotone, plottwo, or includegraphics to place their EPS figures. However, as of the current release, the old plotfiddle macro from v4.0 has been reintroduced and may be used if the desired figure placement cannot be achieved with one of the methods above. The syntax of the command is
\plotfiddle{epsfile}{vsize}{rot}{hsf} {vsf}{htrans}{vtrans}
where the arguments are
epsfile | name of the EPS file |
vsize | vertical white space to allow for plot (LaTeX dimension) |
rot | rotation angle (degrees) |
hsf | horizontal width of scaled figure (PS points) |
vsf | vertical height of scaled figure (PS points) |
htrans | horizontal translation (PS points) |
vtrans | vertical translation (PS points) |
PostScript points are 1/72 inches, so an htrans of 72 moves
the graphic 1 inch to the right. Note that the vtrans argument is
discarded in the reimplented macro and is included only for
backward compatibility with AASTeX v4.0.
2.14.2 Figure Captions
Regardless of whether an author includes electronic art in a manuscript, figure captions, or legends, should be provided. If art is included in the document, use the \caption command within the figure environment. If electronic art is not included, figure captions may be grouped together at the end of the document using \figcaption.
The optional argument, filename, can be used to identify
the file for the corresponding figure;
text refers to the caption for that figure. The author
may provide a \label with a unique key for cross-referencing
When the \figcaption command is used, the figure
identification label,
e.g., "Figure 1," is generated automatically by the command itself, so
there is no need to key this information.
There is an upper limit of seven figure captions per page.
Footnotes are not supported for figures.
2.15 Tables
There is support in the AASTeX package for tables via two mechanisms:
LaTeX's standard table environment,
and the
deluxetable environment, which allows for the formatting
of lengthy tabular material. Tables may be
marked up using either mechanism, although use of
deluxetable is preferred.
Authors should not use the LaTeX
tabbing environment when preparing electronic
2.15.1 The deluxetable Environment
Authors are encouraged to use the
deluxetable environment to format their tables since it automatically
handles many formatting tasks, including table numbering and insertion
of horizontal rules. It also provides mechanisms for breaking tables and
controlling width and vertical spacing that are unavailable in the LaTeX
tabular environment.
The deluxetable environment
is delimited by LaTeX's familiar
\begin and \end constructs.
The content consists of preamble commands and table data,
the latter delimited by \startdata
and \enddata.
\begin{deluxetable}{cols} preamble commands \startdata table data \enddata \end{deluxetable}
The argument cols specifies the justification for each column.
An alignment token, "l," "c," or "r," is given for each column,
indicating flush left, centered, or flush right.
2.15.2 Preamble to the deluxetable
There are several commands in the
deluxetable environment
must be given in the preamble.
\tabletypesize{font size command} \rotate \tablewidth{dimen} \tablenum{text} \tablecolumns{num} \tablecaption{text\label{key}} \tablehead{text}
If a table is too wide for the printed page, the font size of the table
can be cahnged with the \tabletypesize command, which takes as
an argument one of the the font size change commands:
(11pt), \footnotesize
(10pt), or
To force a table to be set in landscape orientation,
use the \rotate
command. Note that
most DVI previewers will not properly render rotated deluxetable
output, so in order to see what the table looks like,
it must be output to PostScript and viewed there.
The width of a deluxetable is defined by \tablewidth.
If this command is omitted, the default width is the width of the page.
The table can be set to its natural width by specifying
a dimension of 0pt.
Long tables may have a natural width that is
different for each page. The natural width for each page will be
printed to the log file during processing.
Authors may then use this log information to
define a fixed table width in order to give the
table a more uniform appearance across pages.
It is possible to override LaTeX's automatic numbering within the
deluxetable environment.
When \tablenum
is specified inside a deluxetable
the text supplied as an argument to \tablenum
will be used as the
table identifier.
LaTeX's equation counter is not incremented when
is used.
The caption (actually, the title) of the table is specified
in \tablecaption.
The text of \tablecaption
should be brief;
explanatory notes should be specified in the end notes to the table
(see § 2.15.5
below). If the caption
does not appear
centered above the table after processing, then specify the width of
the table explicitly with the \tablewidth
command and rerun
LaTeX on the file. If an author supplies a \label for cross-referencing purposes, this, too, should be included in the \tablecaption.
Column headings are specified with \tablehead.
Within the \tablehead, each column heading should be given
in a \colhead, which will ensure that the heading
is centered
on the natural width of the column.
There should be a heading for each column so that there are as
many \colhead
commands in the \tablehead
as there
are data columns.
\tablehead{ \colhead{heading} & \colhead{heading}}
If more complicated column headings are required,
any valid tabular command that constitutes a proper
head line in a LaTeX table may be used. For example, the
multicolumn command below would create a table head with
text centered over five columns.
Consult Lamport [1994] or Kopka and Daly [1999] for further details
on the available table commands.
The \tablecolumns{num} command
is necessary if an author has
multi-line column headings produced by \tablehead
or other LaTeX
commands and is using either the \cutinhead
or \sidehead
markup (see below). The num argument should be
set to the true number of columns in the
table. The command must come before the \startdata
2.15.3 Content of the deluxetable
After the table title and column headings have been specified,
data rows can be entered.
Data rows are delimited with the \startdata
and \enddata commands.
The end of each row is indicated with the standard LaTeX \\ command.
Data cells within a row are separated with & (ampersand) characters.
\startdata data line\cell&cell&cell\more data lines\\enddata
Column alignment within the data columns can be adjusted with the TeX
\phantom{string} command,
where string can be any character, e.g., \phantom{$\arcmin$}.
A blank character of width string is then inserted in the table.
Four commands have been predefined for this purpose.
\phn phantom numeral 0-9 \phd phantom decimal point \phs phantom ?
> sign\phm{string} generic phantom
Extra vertical space can be inserted between rows with an optional argument to the
\\ command.
The argument is a dimension
and may be specified in any units that are legitimate in LaTeX.
In a table, it may happen that several rows of data are
associated with a single object or item.
Such logical groupings should not be broken across pages.
In these cases, the tablebreak command may be used to force
a page break at the desired point.
table row\\tablebreak next table row\
This command can be used any time that the default deluxetable page
breaks need to be overridden.
Journals often require that table cells that contain no data
be explicitly marked. This is to differentiate such cells from
blank cells, which are frequently interpreted as implicitly
repeating the entry in the corresponding cell in the row preceding.
Table cells for which there are no data should contain
a \nodata
Within the deluxetable body, two kinds of special heads are
allowed, cutinhead and sidehead.
A cut-in head is a piece of text centered across the width
of the table. It is spaced above and below
from the data rows that precede and
follow it and will appear set off by rules in the LaTeX output.
Similarly, the command for a side head produces a row spanning
the width of the table but with the text left justified.
\cutinhead{text} \sidehead{text}
Table footnotes (more properly, table end notes)
may also be used in the deluxetable environment.
Their use is described in detail in § 2.15.5.
2.15.4 The table Environment
Authors may also compose tables using the table environment.
\begin{table} \end{table}
The table environment
encloses not only the tabular
material but also any title or footnote information
associated with the table.
Titles, or captions, for tables are indicated with a caption
A table label, e.g. "Table 2," is generated automatically
by \caption.
The author
may provide a \label in the caption with a unique key
for cross-referencing
The table body should appear within the tabular environment.
\begin{tabular}{cols} \end{tabular}
The alignment tokens in cols specify the justification for each column. The letters "l," "c," or "r" is given for each column,
indicating left, center, or right justification.
Consult Lamport [1994] for details about using
tabular environment
to prepare tables.
Each tabular table must appear within a table
environment. There should be only one tabular table per
If the journal requests manuscripts with only one table per page,
the author may need to insert a \clearpage
command after especially short tables.
Use the tableline command to insert horizontal rules in the
tabular environment.
The use of vertical rules should be avoided.
As with the deluxetable environment, it
is possible to override LaTeX's automatic numbering within the
table environment using \tablenum.
must be used inside the table
2.15.5 Table End Notes
AASTeX supports footnotes and end notes within tables;
this support applies to both the
deluxetable environment
and the standard LaTeX table environment.
Footnotes for tables are usually identified by lowercase letters
rather than numbers. Use the tablenotemark and tablenotetext
commands to supply table footnotes.
As with \altaffilmark and \altaffiltext, a note label,
usually a letter, is required.
\tablenotemark{key letter(s)} \tablenotetext{alpha key}{text}
The key letter of the tablenotemark should be the same as the
alpha key for the corresponding text.
It is the responsibility of the author to make the correspondence
Sometimes authors tabulate materials that have corresponding
references and may want to associate these references with the table.
Authors may also wish to append a short paragraph of explanatory
notes that pertain to the entire table. These elements should be
specified with the commands below.
\tablerefs{reference list} \tablecomments{text}
The \tablenotetext, \tablecomments, and
\tablerefs commands must
be specified after the
\end{tabular} or \enddata and before
the closing \end{table} or \end{deluxetable}.
2.16 Supplemental Materials
For many years now, authors have been taking advantage of the AAS journals'
ability to post supplemental materials with their papers in the electronic
editions. Even though each paper must stand on its own
scientifically without the supplements, these materials are reviewed in the
peer review process and should be included in initial manuscript
submissions. As with regular figures and tables, papers with online only
data must reference each electronic object in the main text
and include an explanation of what the reader will
find in the electronic edition.
The four most popular types of supplemental materials are
machine-readable tables, online color figures, online-only figures, and
animations. Please see each journal's Web site for details on
what types of supplemental materials are acceptable, how to
submit these materials, author tools for preparing them,
and their associated costs.
2.16.1 Machine-readable Tables
Online-only tables submitted to AAS journals are converted
to a machine-readable
format for presentation in the electronic edition.
Machine-readable tables have two
parts: the formatted ASCII data and a metadata header that provides
format, units, and short explanations of each column of data. This
structure is designed to provide maximum flexibility and ease of use
for readers who wish to further manipulate the data with their own
computer programs or with software like Excel.
For each machine-readable table, the author should include a short sample
version of the table in his or her LaTeX submission. This sample version
will appear in the print edition as well as
in HTML in the electronic edition. The sample table should be
5 to 15 lines long. It should include a table note at the end
with text indicating that a machine-readable
version will be available in the electronic edition. For instance,
\tablecomments{Table 1 is published in its entirety in the electronic edition of the Astrophysical Journal. A portion is shown here for guidance regarding its form and content.}
Each example table must
be cited and numbered as if it were a fully printed table.
2.16.2 Online Color Figures
For some journals, authors may submit figures
that will appear in black and white in the
print edition of a journal but in color in the electronic edition.
In these cases, authors must submit separate black and white and RGB color
versions of each figure labelled according to the
file-naming conventions required for the publication.
For the benefit of print journal readers, figure captions should be written
with the color information placed inside parentheses,
for instance, "The dotted
line (colored blue in electronic edition)
is the Ho = 75 km s-1 Mpc-1 model," and should
include a note directing the reader to
"See the electronic edition of the Journal
for a color version of this figure."
2.16.3 Online-only Figures
This feature is mainly useful for articles that contain large compendia
of identification charts and other supplemental graphic material that need not
be printed in full in the paper journal. Online-only figures are intended to
provide supplemental information that is not critical to the scientific
content of the article but that might nonetheless be of interest to the reader.
Online-only figures must be mentioned explicitly by number and appear
in correct numerical order in the body of the text. At least one figure
in a series must be displayed as an example figure for the print edition.
The caption should carry a message indicating that
more figures are available in the electronic edition-for instance,
"Plots for all sources are available in the electronic edition of the journal."
Enough information must be included in the figure caption for readers of the
print edition to determine what is contained in the online-only figures.
2.16.4 Animations
Currently, only animations in the MPEG format are accepted by the AAS journals.
Authors must supply a still frame from the animation in EPS format marked
up like a regular figure that will serve as an example for the reader.
They should include text in the caption for the
still frame indicating that an animation is
available electronically. For instance,
"This figure is also available as an mpeg
animation in the electronic edition of the Astrophysical Journal."
As with online-only figures, authors must include enough information in the
figure caption for readers of the print edition to determine what the
animation illustrates.
2.17 Miscellaneous
2.17.1 Celestial Objects and Data Sets
Authors who wish to have the most important objects in their paper
linked to a data center in the electronic edition may do so using the
\objectname[catalog ID]{text}
macro, or its alias object.
The text contained in the required argument
will be printed in the paper and will serve as a link anchor
in the electronic edition. The catalog ID
given as an optional argument will be carried through as the identification
key in the link to a data center. Note that links will only
be activated if the name provided in the argument is recognized by a
participating data center. It is the author's responsibility to use the
correct identifier.
Similar markup is available for linking to data sets hosted
at participating data centers.
\dataset[catalog ID]{text}
In the paper, the text in the required argument will be
printed while the the catalog ID value will be passed through to form
links to data centers.
When an article contains object or dataset commands, the
publisher will be able to use the markup to
pass along a list of objects and data sets used in the
paper to database personnel. Software can then be used to construct links to
those databases.
Please check with each journal's Web site for instructions on how to
determine the object and data set identifiers, the location of
verifications tools, and information on where in the paper these
macros can best be used.
2.17.2 Ionic Species and Chemical Bonds
When discussing atomic species, ionization levels can be indicated
with the following command.
The ionization state is specified as the second argument
and should be given as a numeral.
For example, "Ca III" would be marked up as \ion{Ca}{3}.
For single, double, and triple chemical bonds, use the following macros.
\sbond \dbond \tbond
2.17.3 Fractions
AASTeX contains commands that permit authors to specify alternate
forms for fractions.
LaTeX will set fractions in displayed math as built-up fractions;
however, it is sometimes desirable to use case fractions in
displayed equations.
In such instances, one should use \case
rather than \frac. Note, however, that authors submitting
manuscripts electronically to AAS journals
should generally find it unnecessary to use any markup other than the
standard LaTeX \frac.
Built-up | \frac{1}{2} | [1/2] |
Case | \case{1}{2} | \case12 |
Shilled | 1/2 | 1/2 |
2.17.4 Astronomical Symbols
As mentioned earlier, the AASTeX package
contains a collection of assorted macros
for symbols and abbreviations specific to an astronomical context.
These are commonly useful and also somewhat difficult for authors
to produce themselves because fussy kerning is required.
See the symbols pages provided with the package distribution.
Most of these commands can be used in both running text and math. However,
\lesssim and \gtrsim can only be used in math mode.
2.17.5 Hypertext Constructs
The \anchor
command is a general-purpose
hypertext link tag, associating text in the manuscript with
the specified resource (href).
href should be specified as a full URI, including the
scheme: designator (http:, ftp:, etc.).
The \url command supports the special case where an author
wishes to express a URL in the text.
The \email command is used to identify e-mail addresses
anywhere in the manuscript.
The text of the argument is the e-mail address.
Please do not prepend the mailto: part.
This command should be used to indicate authors' e-mail addresses
in author lists at the beginning of manuscripts.
2.18 Concluding the File
The last command in the electronic manuscript file should be the
command, which must appear after all the material in the paper.
This command directs the formatter to finish processing the manuscript.
3 Style Options
3.1 Manuscript Style
The default style option is the manuscript style. This style will
produce double-spaced pages printed in a single column at the width
of the page.
3.2 Preprints
Two preprint styles are available.
The preprint style is similar to the manuscript style,
but it is single-spaced and fully justified.
The preprint2 style produces a two-column preprint.
3.2.1 Single-column Preprint
A single-column preprint format may be specified with the
preprint style option.
The size of the typeface used is under author control by way of
LaTeX's nnpt class options
(where nn is 10, 11, or 12).
Use of 10 point type is not recommended with the
preprint style.
3.2.2 Two-column Preprint
preprint2 style
has the principle function of providing two-column formatting.
It is important to remember
that text lines are considerably shorter when two columns are typeset
side by side on a page. Long equations, wide tables and figures, and
the like, may not typeset in this format without some adjustments.
The expenditure of great effort to adapt copy and markup for
two-column pages is counterproductive.
Remember that the main
goal of this package is to produce draft-, or referee-, format pages.
It is the responsibility of the editors and publishers to
produce publication-format papers for the journals.
The preprint2 style
sets the article's front matter-the title, author, abstract,
and keyword material-on a separate page at full text width.
The body of the article is set in a two-column page grid,
the appendices in a one-column page grid,
and the bibliography in a two-column page grid.
(This manual was prepared using the preprint2 style.)
The author may supply LaTeX's \twocolumn or onecolumn
commands whenever desired.
Be aware, however, that using explicit column-switching commands can
cause formatting problems.
3.3 The eqsecnum Style
The eqsecnum style file can be used to modify the way equations
are numbered.
Normally, equations are numbered sequentially through the
entire paper, starting over at "(A1)" if there is an appendix.
If eqsecnum appears in the documentclass command,
equation numbers will be sequential through each section and will be
formatted "(sec-eqn)," where "sec" is the current section number and
"eqn" is the number of the equation within that section.
3.4 The flushrt Style
A flushrt style option is available for authors that prefer to
have their margins left and right justified.
Note the preprint and preprint2 styles
are already flush right by default.
4 Additional Documentation
The preceding explanation of the markup commands in the
AASTeX package has merit for defining syntax, but many
authors will prefer to examine the sample papers that are
included with the style files.
The files of interest are described below.
A comprehensive example employing nearly all of the capabilities
of the package (in terms of markup as well as formatting)
is in sample.tex.
This file is annotated with comments that describe
the purpose of most of the markup.
sample.tex includes three tables: two marked up using the
deluxetable environment
and another table using the LaTeX table
In table.tex, a complex but short example of the
deluxetable environment
demonstrates some of the techniques
that can be used to generate complex column headings and to align
variable-width columns.
Here the LaTeX \multicolumn command is used to span a heading
over several columns. When \multicolumn is used along with the
\cutinhead command, the \tablecolumns command must be used to specify
the number of columns in the table-otherwise the \cutinhead command
will not work properly.
This table also makes use of the \phn command to better align some of the
This user guide (aasguide.tex)
is also marked up with the AASTeX package,
although it is not exemplary as a scientific paper.
Many of the markup commands described in the preceding
sections are standard LaTeX commands. The reader who is
unfamiliar with their syntax is referred to the LaTeX
references works cited in the bibliography, in particular
Kopka and Daly [1999] and Lamport [1994].
Authors who wish to know the ins and outs of TeX itself
should read the TeXbook [Knuth, 1984].
This resource contains a good deal of information about
typography in general. Many details of mathematical typography are
discussed in Mathematics into Type by Swanson [1979].
5 Acknowledgments
AASTeX was designed and written by Chris Biemesderfer in 1988.
Substantial revisions were made by Lee Brotzman and Pierre
Landau when the package was updated to v4.0.
AASTeX was rewritten as a LaTeX2e
> class by Arthur Ogawa
for the v5.0 release. It was updated to v5.2 by
SR Nova Private Ltd.
The documentation has benefited from revisions by
Jeannette Barnes, Sara Zimmerman, and Greg Schwarz.
- [11990Abt]
Abt, H. 1990, ApJ, 357, 1 (editorial)
- [21999Adobe]
Adobe Systems, Inc. 1999,
PostScript Language Reference Manual (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley)
- [31998Daly]
Daly, P. 1998, Natural Sciences Citations and References
(natbib package documentation) - [41994Goossens, Mittelbach, and Samarin]
Goossens, M., Mittelbach, F., and Samarin, A. 1994,
The LaTeX Companion (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley) - [51993Hahn]
Hahn, J. 1993, LaTeX for Everyone
(Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall) - [61984Knuth]
Knuth, D. 1984, The TeXbook (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley).
Revised to cover TeX3, 1991. - [71999Kopka and Daly]
Kopka, H. and Daly, P. 1999, A Guide to LaTeX,
3rd edition, (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley) - [81994Lamport]
Lamport, L. 1994, LaTeX: A Document Preparation System ,
2nd edition, (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley) - [91979Swanson]
Swanson, E. 1979, Mathematics into Type
(Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society)


text:
Senior Member
i was expecting that BC armor pen and reduce would be made unique to prevent stacking 2+ cleavers on one champ, but now you won't be able to put a cleaver and a ghostblade on the same champ without wasting money because the armor pen won't stack together? thats too bad, because i was thinking that black cleaver and ghostblade would be an effective combo, but apparently riot wants you to choose one or the other... which leaves me wondering, even after the nerf, who is going to build a ghostblade instead of a black cleaver?
Me. Ghostblade is core on a few people, whereas Black Cleaver is tertiary.
i meant "who" as in: which champs not which players....
Pick a champion who would use Black Cleaver. I would use Ghostblade instead.
so you would use ghostblade on renekton?
You can stack Youmuu's Ghostblade and Black Cleaver entirely. Only named passives are unique across items. Otherwise you couldn't be able to stack Fiendish Codex, Kindlegem and Brutalizer.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Exodus: Immigration and Multiculturalism in the 21st Century (Hardback)
by Paul Collier
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Mass international migration is a response to extreme global inequality, and immigration has a profound impact on the way we live. Yet our views - and those of our politicians - remain caught between two extremes: popular hostility to migrants, tinged by xenophobia and racism; and the view of business and liberal elites that 'open doors' are both economically and ethically imperative. With migration set to accelerate, few issues are so urgently in need of dispassionate analysis - and few are more incendiary. Here, world-renowned economist Paul Collier seeks to defuse this explosive subject. Exodus looks at how people from the world's poorest societies struggle to migrate to the rich West: the effects on those left behind and on the host societies, and explores the impulses and thinking that inform Western immigration policy. Migration, he concludes, is a fact, and we urgently need to think clearly about its possibilities and challenges: it is not a question of whether migration is good or bad, but how much is best? Paul Collier is Professor of Economics and Director of the Centre for the Study of African Economies at Oxford University and a former director of Development Research at the World Bank. He is the author of, among others, the award-winning The Bottom Billion and The Plundered Planet. "Exodus is an important book and one I have been waiting to read for many years ...[it is] a work that is humane and hard-headed about one of the greatest issues of our times". (David Goodhart, Sunday Times). "Paul Collier is one of the world's most thoughtful economists. His books consistently illuminate and provoke. Exodus is no exception". (The Economist). "Tinged with poignancy ...a humane and sensible voice in a highly toxic debate". (Colin Kidd, Guardian). "Paul Collier's new book on international migration is magisterial. It offers a sophisticated, comprehensive, incisive, multidisciplinary, well-written balance sheet of the pros and cons of immigration for receiving societies, sending societies, and migrants themselves. For everyone on all sides of this contentious issue, Exodus is a "must-read"." (Robert D. Putnam, Professor of Public Policy, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University). [Praise for Paul Collier's The Plundered Planet]: "A must-read". (Sunday Times). "A path-breaking book". (George Soros). "Paul Collier must be read if one is to begin to understand the most vital contemporary arguments". (Bob Geldof).
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Four people will appear in court on Monday to face charges connected to two stolen vehicles.
Hudson police officers said they stopped a driver on Belknap Road, and discovered the Toyota Corolla he was driving had been stolen from Nashua.
At roughly the same time in the same area, another team of officers discovered a Chevy pickup truck stolen out of Nashua.
Police said they arrested Nicholas Dawkins, Matthew Gelardi, Steven Malonson and Edgar Lopez.
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text:
Equal Pay for Equal Work
Today, we marked the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Equal Pay Act with an event at the White House hosted by President Obama, the release of an important report from the National Equal Pay Task Force on the last fifty years since the Act was signed, a new web page with resources and information for women to make sure they're paid equally, and a new video that gives an overview of our progress in equal pay.
On June 10, 1963, President John F. Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act, a milestone piece of legislation that requires men and women receive equal pay for equal work. However, fifty years later, women are still only earning approximately 77 cents on the dollar compared to men, and even less for women of color, so we are far from ready to declare victory.
To mark today's anniversary, President Obama spoke at the event attended by leaders in the government, private sector and civil society who are all committed to building a 21st century workplace.
The CEO of Deloitte LLP, Joe Echevarria, introduced the President and told his story of how he grew up in a poor neighborhood, started working at Deloitte, and realized that he was being paid less than his colleagues. The only difference seemed to be their backgrounds. This experience greatly influenced his views on equality in the workplace. He said, "This isn't just good for economic justice. It's good for our companies. Because when you pay based on performance, when you pair fairly, when you pay on merit, you get better people. You do – and that's good for business and our economy."
In his remarks that followed, President Obama made it clear that we need to build a strong 21st century workplace that includes equal pay for equal work, ensures workers are not treated unfairly because of their family responsibilities, and that helps women and men balance their work and home obligations.
Obviously, these policies have a big impact. The President's Council of Economic Advisers has reported that while more women have begun working over the past half century, that number has recently begun to fall—one reason being that workplace flexibility policies have not yet adjusted to the growth of women in the workforce, and the changing dynamic at home, and at work, that accompanies such growth.
To address this and more, President Obama called on Congress to pass the Paycheck Fairness Act and raise the minimum wage. He spoke about using technology, such as creating apps through the Equal Pay App Challenge, to find innovative ways to bridge the gap, and challenged us all to do more, including ensuring that the federal government lead by example by closing our pay gap.
We also released the Equal Pay Task Force report: "Fifty Years after the Equal Pay Act: Assessing the Past, Taking Stock of the Future."
In 2010, President Obama created the National Equal Pay Task Force, which is comprised of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Department of Justice, the Department of Labor and the Office of Personnel Management, to identify and address challenges to gender pay disparities.
In addition to information on the pay disparities, today's report includes a summary of advances that have been made over the past fifty years. It also notes where we still have work to do. For example:
- The Council of Economic Advisers notes that if we boosted adult women's hourly wages by 10 percent, we would lift over 1 million individuals out of poverty—including more than half a million children.
- According to an analysis by the Department of Labor's Chief Economist, by age 25, the average young woman working full time would have already earned $5,000 less over the course of her working career than the average 25‐year old man. If that earnings gap is not corrected, by age 65, she will have lost hundreds of thousands of dollars over her working lifetime.
- Women make up nearly half the workforce and increasingly are the primary breadwinners. Yet they are, on average, bringing home 23 percent less than men—meaning less food on the table, less savings, and less support for their families and children. This makes equal pay not only a women's issue, but a family issue, and a societal issue.
As President Obama said, "I want every child to grow up knowing that a woman's hard work is valued and rewarded just as much as any man's."
So together, let's create a future where our daughters' work is valued as much as our sons'.
Valerie B. Jarrett is a Senior Advisor to President Barack Obama. She oversees the Offices of Public Engagement and Intergovernmental Affairs and chairs the White House Council on Women and Girls.
White House Blogs
- The White House Blog
- Middle Class Task Force
- Council of Economic Advisers
- Council on Environmental Quality
- Council on Women and Girls
- Office of Intergovernmental Affairs
- Office of Management and Budget
- Office of Public Engagement
- Office of Science & Tech Policy
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- State of the Union
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text:
Always good food and good service. Previously called "Tia Maria's" they have full Mexican menu with delicious meals at very fair prices. Try not to fill up on the chips and salsa which is great and comes \with all meals.
Always good food and good service. Previously called "Tia Maria's" they have full Mexican menu with delicious meals at very fair prices. Try not to fill up on the chips and salsa which is great and comes \with all meals.
While not gourmet, Jose Maria's is more accessible than the trendy Bien Trucha (also in Geneva). Expect a more family friendly atmosphere from this more traditional, compact Mexican restaurant. The staff are young, attentive and anxious to please. The owners are welcoming and take care of their patrons (guests). I dined with a larger group. It was a tight fit... More
Tia Maria's is, as of springtime 2013, out of business. There is a new Mexican restaurant in its place.
Tripadvisor: This restaurant is now called Jose Maria's. Please update! My family has always been big fans of Tia Maria's. We had eaten there for years. We were sad to see the old owners leave, but we were glad to see that the new owner has kept up the tradition and nearly the same menu. I believe they have had... More
This used to be one of our favorite Mexican restaurants. Quality of food far surpassed by other Mexican restaurants in Geneva now. Long time servers left. Need to overhaul the decor as it is quite tired. Would go back again if there was a major overhaul on all levels.
I was pleasantly surprised by the good food, excellent service and price point of this restaurant. The name is now Jose Maria's. Our waiter was very friendly and helpful. The owner came around and asked how everything was. The atmosphere is also fun. I would highly recommend!
New menu, food seemed about the same. Salsa didn't seem quite as good. I always get enchiladas and always enjoy them. Their black beans are still good.
What happened here? The signs outside say Tia Maria's, but the menu inside now says "Jose Maria's" Not sure when that happened as Tia Maria's has been around for many many years. It's small inside and pleasant Mexican style decor. The menu is extensive. If you don't really know your Mexican dishes some further explanation in English may be needed... More
We live in Geneva and do our best to support the local business owners. We visit Tia Maria's about once a month and it's very consistent in the quality of the food and the service. The food is NOT gourmet (go down the street for that!) but it is good, traditional Mexican fare. The wait staff is primarily teenagers/young adults... More
We have eaten here many times over the past 20 years. This used to be THE Mexican restaurant in Geneva. Yes, back then it was about the only one, but it was very good. It was a small, family-operated restaurant and quite a lot of care was taken to prepare the food well. The service was by family members who... More
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text:
Fulham manager Rene Meulensteen has revealed that his club have had a bid for West Ham United midfielder Ravel Morrison turned down by their London rivals, BBC Sport has reported.
Morrison has been one of the Hammers' standout players this season, and his performances have earned him a place in the England U-21 squad. He has made 19 appearances in league and cup, scoring five goals.
This move has been the subject of intense speculation in recent days, with some reports claiming that Morrison had informed West Ham and work with Meulensteen again, as the pair were together at Manchester United.
And Meulensteen believes that Morrison is keen to move to Craven Cottage. Speaking after Fulham defeated Norwich City 3-0 in their FA Cup third round replay on Tuesday, he said: "We have put in a bid for Ravel Morrison that has been knocked back. It's back to Alistair Mackintosh [Fulham chief executive] and we'll see what happens."
"Yes, I think he does want to come. He would add pace, power, unpredictability and a real attacking threat. "I've known him for a long, long time, but the thing is this: we have to wait and see how the club takes it forward as to whether there's another bid. He would bring youthfulness, energy, unpredictability, attacking strength, loads of things."
See what the expert tipsters at OLBG are tipping on Arsenal v Fulham
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Aston Villa sign Manchester City's Scott Sinclair on loan
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People visit a lantern show to celebrate the Spring Festival on... News Photo 161940304Celebration,China - East Asia,Chinese Culture,Chinese Lantern,Chinese Lantern Festival,Chinese New Year,Guangzhou,Horizontal,Human Interest,Lantern,People,Show,VisitPhotographer ChinaFotoPressCollection: Getty Images News 2013 Getty ImagesGUANGZHOU, CHINA - FEBRUARY 17: (CHINA OUT) People visit a lantern show to celebrate the Spring Festival on February 17, 2013 in Guangzhou, China. The Chinese Lunar New Year of Snake also known as the Spring Festival, which is based on the Lunisolar Chinese calendar, is celebrated from the first day of the first month of the lunar year and ends with Lantern Festival on the Fifteenth day. (Photo by ChinaFotoPress/ChinaFotoPress via Getty Images)


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Lonnie L. Kellerman
Lonnie L. Kellerman, 58, Stockton, died Tuesday, July 22, 2014, in Baldwin City.
Lonnie L. Kellerman, 58, Stockton, died Tuesday, July 22, 2014, in Baldwin City.
He was born Nov. 27, 1955, in Phillipsburg to Norman and Lois (Stutterheim) Kellerman.
He was a lineman for Prairie Land Electric Company.
Survivors include his wife, of the home in Stockton; two sons, Shane, Lee's Summit, Mo., and Josh, Baldwin City; his mother, Stuttgart; two brothers, Tim Kellerman, Richmond, Mo., and Dan Kellerman, Lawrence; a sister, Tammy Stecklein, Hays; and four grandchildren.
Services will be at 10 a.m. Monday at Emmanuel Evangelical Lutheran Church, Stuttgart; burial in Emmanuel Evangelical Lutheran Cemetery, Stuttgart.
Visitation will be from noon to 9 p.m. Sunday with family receiving friends from 2 to 5 p.m. at Olliff-Boeve Memorial Chapel, Phillipsburg.
Memorials are suggested to the church, or Hope Lodge Kansas City, in care of the funeral home.
Condolences can be sent to the family at www.olliffboeve.com.


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Scottsdale hopes its recent ad campaign aimed at freezing New Yorkers pays off as it pushes a time to get out of the subzero cold and have some fun in the sun. The city's convention and visitors bureau went full blast into Manhattan using a billboard commercial in Times Square.
It featured images of a warm and nice Scottsdale with its resorts, golf and the Sonoran Desert playground.
According to the bureau, an estimated 18.8 million people saw the commercial when it aired for two weeks on one of the world's most-watched outdoor television screens in midtown Manhattan.
"It has given us some great exposure during an important time of year," said Rachel Pearson, a visitors bureau spokeswoman.
Next up, five print ads in February and March will appear in the New Yorker and the New York Times Magazine.
They should reach an estimated 5.1 million people.
New York has one of the top markets for leisure visitors in the nation, according to the visitors bureau.
Pearson said New York is second to California in the number of residents who visit Scottsdale.
"Scottsdale and New York have always been great partners," Pearson said. "It is evident by our research."


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How to Write a Personal Statement
Categories: Trade & Conferences > Educational
Address: 14th floor of Zen, Central World, 999/9, Rama I Rd., Pathum Wan, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330 Thailand See map
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New Cambridge Institute (Thailand) will host a presentation on how to write a personal statement for those planning on studying in the United Kingdom. Visitors will learn tips and techniques on how to write a good personal statement to support their study plans. During the event, counselling staff will also be available to provide advice and study plans for visitors. The event will be held on Nov 10 from 1pm to 3pm on the 14th floor of Zen at CentralWorld. For more information and reservations, please call 02-252-3133 or visit www.newcambridge.com.
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Thursday, March 27, 2014 - 6:22am
El Paso, TX (KTSM) — El Paso Police responded to shots fired in West El Paso early Thursday morning.
It happened before 3 a.m. near El Cajon and Resler. We're told several bullets struck a home in the area. Luckily, no injuries were reported.
The Police Crime Scene Unit was on the scene investigating the incident.
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of 193,827 Films
< what's the formula?
The God of Cookery
The God of Cookery is a 1996 Hong Kong comedy film directed by Hong Kong comedian, actor and director, Stephen Chow, best known in the West for his films Shaolin Soccer and Kung Fu Hustle. This is known to be Chow's first film to utilize deep and sometimes dark themes while retaining his signature nonsensical style. An 35-mm print of the film brought by Amanda Cohen of Dirt Candy was shown at a sold-out screening at one of Alamo Drafthouse Cinema South Lamar's "...
... more on Wikipedia


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Without betraying our red-blooded hetero credentials, PSW has found itself obsessing over a handful of well-built men in shorts. Specifically those with sweat trickling down rippled torsos and faces beaten to a bloody pulp. Fight Night Round 3 is compulsive viewing, and you can't help but admire the stark muscle definition and facial contortions of every boxer as they throw massive haymakers and get smacked in the chops.
Immersing yourself in such a visceral experience proves crucial in the new Get in the Ring mode, which loses the health and stamina bars and switches the action to a first-person perspective. Visual effects are added to show when your sight is affected after taking too many blows, and you'll need to keep an eye on your opponent to gauge when to move in for the kill. In truth, the mode is a bit gimmicky and makes dodging and blocking unnecessarily difficult, but it's a great way to show off the graphical power of PS3 to your sparring mates.
Overall, the fights in FNR3 are better balanced than in the previous games, with a boxer's size and shape taken into account more, and the powerful haymakers toned down and taking longer to execute. You'll need to master ducking and dodging on the Left stick as much as the different types of punches on the Right stick, whereas trying to play the game as a button basher results in your face kissing the canvas at least twice in the first round.
As bruising and proficient as the game is, it does possess a bit of a glass jaw that holds it back from gaining true legendary status. The long load times are inexcusable on PS3, while the Career mode is too simplistic and repetitive to make it feel like anything other than a slog. Online fights can sometimes suffer from horrendous lag - usually at a crucial moment when you're about to put an opponent down for good or are struggling to stay on your feet - though when you do play judder-free, it's amazing how involved you get. There were times when the whole PSW team would gather around the TV to hurl abuse at our online opponents!
We don't know many other sports games that manage to give you such a tangible sense of 'being there'.
A visual knockout that's loads of fun to play - easily the finest launch sports game.
- Boxers look incredibly real
- Excellent control system
- Multiplayer adds a new challenge
- Load times and online lag


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Wallowa-Whitman National Forest
Contact Information
1550 Dewey Ave PO Box 907 Baker City, OR 97814 541-523-6391
Office locations and contact information
Please contact us with questions and comments. Information you share may be used to update trail conditions on the website. Thank You!
Contact Us
The following information is provided to help you plan your float trip on the Snake River in Hells Canyon. If you have been on the Snake River on a previous trip, a review of the updated 2014 Floater Guide Summary may still be useful.
2014 Floater Guide Summary
How to Make Float Reservations
The Snake River is part of the 'Four Rivers Lottery Permit Application' process located on the www. recreation.gov webiste. The four rivers are the Snake River of Hells Canyon, Main Salmon, Middle Fork of the Salmon, and the Selway Rivers.
To make a reservation;
Other 4 River Lottery Websites
More information about the lottery system can be found on the Salmon-Challis National Forest website, 4 rivers reservations system webpage.
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text: We were a bit tired of the usual good Canadian seafood of the maritime provinces and rather than the usual tourist trap wharf restaurants, we were pleased to stumble on this BBQ place a few blocks dr the wharf. It was a perfect change of pace. I've had good BBQ in great places like Austin and Raleigh but let me... More


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Another Chuck Palahniuk Adaptation To Get Our Hopes Up For
In Development By Scott Beggs on September 12, 2014 | Be the First To CommentIt's unfortunate that each new announcement of a Chuck Palahniuk book being optioned for production has become a ritual in heart-protecting restraint, but after several dozen attempts to bring all of his novels to the big screen, it's hard to take anything without a salt block handy. Except when James Franco is involved. Which he is. Say what you will about his talent, the guy gets shit done. So there's a kernel of hope for "Rant" to do what most others couldn't do. According to Deadline, Franco is producing while Adderall Diaries director Pamela Romanowsky will write and direct. It's highly likely that Franco will take the lead role of Buster "Rant" Casey — a figure living in a future dystopia where classism has divided the population by curfews. Casey is a "Nighttimer," part of the oppressed class, who participates in an elaborate urban racing game where the goal is to slam your car into other cars for points (and for the transcendent feeling you get from the jarring motion). He's also got a thing for spider bites.
The 'Fight Club' Sequel Plot is a Hollywood Studio's Dream
Movie News By Scott Beggs on November 27, 2013 | Be the First To CommentIf you're like me, you're still struggling a bit with the pessimistic promise and optimistic despair of a Fight Club sequel in graphic novel form. It could be a towering tack-on to a beloved cult classic (that comes in both paper and celluloid) or it could derail the legacy of Cornelius. Or Rupert. Or whatever that guy's name was. Unfortunately, that queasy feeling hasn't been ameliorated by Chuck Palahniuk's recent explanation of the plot. From Hustler Magazine (via The Cult): "The sequel will be told from the — at first — submerged perspective of Tyler Durden as he observes the day-to-day tedium of the narrator's life. Because 20th Century-Fox created the convention of calling the protagonist Jack, I'm calling him Cornelius. He's living a compromised life with a failing marriage, unsure about his passion for his wife. The typical midlife bullshit. Likewise, Marla is unsatisfied and dreams of accessing the wild man she'd once fallen in love with. She tampers with the small pharmacy of drugs that her husband needs to suppress Tyler, and — go figure — Tyler reemerges to terrorize their lives." First Beetlejuice, and now this.
'Fight Club' Graphic Novel Sequel On the Way: I Am Jack's Complete Lack of Interest
Features By Kate Erbland on July 23, 2013 | Comments (7)Quick! Think of a beloved, bold, classic, cult film with Oscar caliber performance and craft that you'd never want to see remade or reimagined. Now imagine the medium you'd never want to see that film remade or reimagined within. Was your answer Dirty Dancing as a web series? First of all, no, that's the wrong answer and, second of all, that sounds delightfully terrible. No, the right answer was Fight Club and "graphic novel." Too bad. In the crush of the weekend's massive influx of Comic-Con news, an announcement from author Chuck Palahniuk got a bit lost in the fray, and it's finally managed to get around days later. Palahniuk appeared at the convention for a number of reasons – to sign books for fans, to appear on a panel called "Ode to Nerds," to clearly be very good to his admirers, and to slyly announce that he's working on a sequel to his "Fight Club." The author slipped the news in during his panel when asked what he was working on next, and while it's heartening that it's Palahniuk who is working on this so-called sequel, we're finding it very hard indeed to get excited about the potential for any sort of follow-up to his original vision, particularly in graphic novel form. Collider passed along the news, straight from the author's official site (called "The Cult") about the process of the new novel and the bare bones of Palahniuk's vision for it. If you're not interested in getting clear-cut […]
Movies to See Before the World Ends: Fight Club
Apocalypse Soon By J.L. Sosa on February 24, 2012 | Be the First To CommentThe Film: Fight Club (1999) The Plot: Our nameless Narrator (Edward Norton) works for a major auto manufacturer, investigating fatal crashes caused by product defects and running cost-benefit analyses to decide whether it'd be more expensive to recall the deadly cars or to pony up settlements in future class-action lawsuits. Sound like an amoral, soul-murdering job to you? Our Narrator agrees and embarks on a fumbling quest for peace. He gets a hearty shove down the path toward enlightenment when a) his apartment full of "versatile solutions for modern living" mysteriously explodes, b) he strikes up a love/hate relationship with the morbid nihilist Marla (Helena Bonham Carter), and c) he joins forces with soap entrepenuer and terrorist mastermind Tyler Durden (Brad Pitt) to found the Fight Club movement.
Frances Lawrence Ditched 'Survivor,' His Futuristic 'Sgt. Rock' Won't be Happening, Will 'Houdini' or 'Unbroken' be His Next?
Features By Jack Giroux on October 22, 2011 | Be the First To CommentFrancis Lawrence keeps himself busy, and it shows when you look at his untrusty IMDB page. The director's name has been tied to a lot of projects in the past few years – Survivor, Sgt. Rock, Houdini, and more — but many of those films aren't ones Lawrence will be making. In my interview with the director, we spent some time discussing what may be next for him, either Houdini or Unbroken, and why certain projects didn't come together. First off, Lawrence won't be adapting Survivor, which he backed away from over two years ago. Not because the project died while he was working on it, but over a tonal issue:
Will We Finally See Chuck Palahniuk's 'Invisible Monsters' In Theaters?
In Development By Scott Beggs on July 26, 2011 | Comments (1)Even before the cult success of Fight Club, news of a Chuck Palahniuk novel being optioned and seriously considered for an adaptation hit almost ever six months or so. Even when I spoke to the author back in 2008 he had plenty of information about upcoming adaptations which never came to pass. To be fair, he admitted that he wasn't at all involved in the adaptation process for any of those projects, but all of his books still seemed to have a hum around them that wouldn't go away. That's why, for his birthday this year, I did a special list for Print to Projector to show the state of the adaptations and pitch why they would all work as movies. Now today, /film is reporting that another grain of news in the rice field of Palahniuk's film world has surfaced: a new director in the form of Samir Rehem and another stab at Invisible Monsters.
Movie News After Dark: Lars von Trier is Crazy, ILM is Awesome, Sequelmania and the Legacy of Ira Levin
Movie News By Neil Miller on May 18, 2011 | Comments (3)What is Movie News After Dark? It's a little early this evening, but it's still the same badass nightly movie news column that you've come to love and mostly ignore. Tonight it spends time around the globe, traveling to the south of France, the Hindu Kush, the future, the 18th century, the end of the Cold War, Asgard and Sequelville (it's right between West L.A. and Century City). But it always comes back to you, dear reader, to bring you the goods. And the bads. And well, you know. The most interesting thing at Cannes yesterday might not have been Lars von Trier's movie, Melancholia (which we reviewed and, as it stands, liked very much), it was von Trier's comments during the press conference. From sympathizing with Hitler to extremely young naked women, he let it all out. To their credit, Vulture has captured all the best of it and delivered a list of the 10 most controversial things Lars von Trier said at the Melancholia press conference. "Should I talk about Spider-Man now?"
Print to Projector: Chuck Palahniuk Birthday Bash
Features By Scott Beggs on February 21, 2011 | Comments (6)Today is Chuck Palahniuk's 49th birthday, which means that the writer and member of the Lost Generation gets to blow out some candle, eat some cake, and mail a few plastic lobsters to people. It also means that we get to take a look at the novels he's written that still need to be made into movies. For those that don't read our site on the weekends at all (because kites don't fly themselves), we normally run this column every Saturday, but seeing how it's a special occasion and seeing as how we don't care much for rules, we figured it was a great time to comb through the Fight Club and Choke author's stuff to celebrate it a bit. To that end, here are 9 Chuck Palahniuk books that are ripe for the movie picking.
Studios have been afraid for too long. It's time to put Palahniuk's long, strange trip into the heart of American commercialism and religion on the big screen.
To celebrate the DVD release of the subversive comedy Choke, which arrives in shops on 17th February, we've joined forces with Twentieth Century Fox home Entertainment to give you the chance of winning a copy of the DVD.
Can Koen Mortier Bring the Ghosts of 'Haunted' to Life?
In Development By Scott Beggs on October 21, 2008 | Comments (4)Now that it's optioned, can an indie film maestro solve the problems of bringing Palahniuk's horror tale to the screen? I remain skeptical.
Exclusive: Chuck Palahniuk Tells Us About Getting Filthy, Falling in Love, and Choke
Features By Scott Beggs on September 24, 2008 | Be the First To CommentSTFU: Do Not Fear the Recent Outbreak of Beastiality
Features By Scott Beggs on September 18, 2008 | Comments (6)Apparently Kevin Carr is fine with dudes talking about making it with animals, but he gets his chest hair in a bunch when it's an attractive young female edging toward beast-love.
Chuck Palahniuk Would F*ck a Giant Panda Before He'd Save Your Child's Life
Humor By Rob Hunter on September 16, 2008 | Comments (8)To the untrained eye (and unjaded soul) the headline above may appear to be misleading hyperbole. But no, these are hard facts taken directly from the author's own mouth.
Officially Cool: Fight Club as a Romantic Comedy
Officially Cool By Brian C. Gibson on September 8, 2008 | Comments (8)I found this nifty little video that makes Fight Club look like it could actually look like a lighthearted romantic comedy. Watch and comment, like Jack's dirty mouth.
Exclusive: Palahniuk Confirms Lullaby Adaptation is at the Casting Stage
Casting Couch By Scott Beggs on August 30, 2008 | Comments (4)With all the buzz surrounding other Palahniuk projects like Invisible Monsters and Survivor, no one seemed to notice that the Lullaby adaptation is already casting.
Behold the Raunchy Goodness of the Choke Red Band Trailer
Movie News By Neil Miller on July 12, 2008 | Comments (2)To illustrate the raunch, Fox Searchlight has released the following red band trailer, which is about as NSFW as they come.
Choke's New Poster Reminds Us of Palahniuk's New Book
First Look By Neil Miller on May 21, 2008 | Comments (2)Could it be a coincidence that the first poster for Chuck Palahniuk's movie Choke reminds us of the cover of his upcoming book "Snuff"? We think not.
Leave it to Fight Club and Choke writer Chuck Palahniuk to come up with a marketing campaign for his upcoming book that involves fake 70s porn trailers. Yes, that's right, fake 70s porn trailers.
Searchlight to Release Choke on August 1
Movie News By Neil Miller on January 31, 2008 | Be the First To email@example.com
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Fact-checking our parents.... READ ON
Some bees don't really do any work at all.... READ ON
In a survey conducted by the American Geographical Society, almost a third of all respondents said that Kansas was the flattest state.... READ ON
since temperature is a feature of the molecular properties of a substance, the air itself isn't made any cooler by movement—it just makes us feel cooler when it blows by.... READ ON
When a child with chocolate smeared on his face assures Mom that he didn't steal his brother's candy bar, is he telling a bald-faced or bold-faced lie?... READ ON
Let's say that the conspiracy theorists are right...... READ ON
The idea that moss grows on the north side of trees is an old one, says Dan Johnson of the College of Natural Resources at the University of Idaho, "and it makes a lot of sense."... READ ON
A polar bear can smell a seal that's 20 miles away.


text: Space Jam Inspired Art Exhibition Hits NYC Space Jam Inspired Art Exhibition Hits NYC SMU notified of allegations by NCAA SMU notified of allegations by NCAA Chargers WR Keenan Allen potentially out for rest of th... Chargers WR Keenan Allen potentially out for rest of th... Jon Lester featured on this week's Sports Illustrated c... Jon Lester featured on this week's Sports Illustrated c... Marcus Mariota shines on Letterman Marcus Mariota shines on Letterman Bobby Petrino's unique bonus Bobby Petrino's unique bonus Close Tweet0 Share0 Comment0 Share0 Share0 Stumble It0 Print0 More SI Wire Giants expect to have Victor Cruz signed to long-term deal soon by Scooby Axson Email Posted: Mon Jul. 1, 2013 Giants wideout Victor Cruz surprised the NFL with 168 receptions in his first two seasons. (Elsa/Getty Images)New York Giants wide receiver Victor Cruz is looking for a long-term deal. The team is confident on delivering and expects to sign him before the team's training camp opens, reports ESPN.com.Cruz is under contract this year after he signed a one-year, $2.879 million deal last month. The Giants are scheduled to open training camp July 26 at the Timex Performance Center in East Rutherford, N.J.ESPN.com's Chris Mortensen said last week that he'd be "shocked" if no deal was in place before camp, and that a deal could go down within the "next ten days.""Everybody I've spoken to expects that deal to absolutely get done," Mortensen said on ESPN Monday. "To a 100 percent degree of certainty, that Victor Cruz will have a new contract by the time the Giants open training camp."Cruz is believed to be seeking at least $15 million in guarantees and around $9 million per season. Cruz had 168 receptions for 2,628 yards and 19 touchdowns the past two seasons. Promoted Stories Comments


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As promised, a few photos of my finished art journal! As I've shared so many pages with you along the way (which you can view through this Flickr set or by browsing my "art journal" tag), I thought I'd share two new spreads - the last two created between these covers. The yellow spread is one of my new favorites; it's playful, simple, and I love the odd and asymmetrical layout.
The mountainous photo above was the last page I journaled on, and felt a bit like a rite of passage to complete. The colors remind me of early evening, a short while after the sun has set - a perfect metaphor to end this art journal!
The covers, shown in detail below, were collaged with scraps of Chinese newspaper and sheet music, watercolors, gesso, acrylic paint, masking tape, and hand printouts. I had originally intended to use the hard covers of an old atlas, but am so happy with the spontaneity and color of these completed ones!
You can view several more photos here, including details of the spreads shown above. And, believe it or not, I have already bound together a new book - a smaller one, as I didn't have enough paper to make as many signatures - and am in the process of working on two spreads! Can't wait to show you what develops upon them.


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I'm shopping around for a .45 and would like some objective feedback on the G21 SF. Your input is greatly appreciated.
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great gun looks sexy has always fired everytime I pulled the trigger as for grip it feels awesome in my hands I feel in complete control of it don't really have any cons for the gun
Thanks for the feedback tgc.
I've owned a Glock 21sf for about a year now. I originally bought the standard 21 at a gun show, but picked up the sf at another booth. I immediately went back to the booth where I bought the gun and asked to trade it in on the sf. The guy looked at me funny and could not believe I wanted the sf over the original 21. He traded me straight up and simply changed out the serial #'s on the invoice and Fed paper work. This gun is totally reliable & has been the most accurate hand gun I own (I own 2 Taurus, 1 S&W, & 2 Glocks). My next door neighbor was a handgun specialist in the military. He owns a 1911 that the military built just for him to use in matches. When we go shooting at the range he always wants to shoot the Glock and loves the accuracy. Plus the grip fits perfectly in his hand and mine as well. I did add a Pachmyr slip on grip. Anyway he told me last night that he was going to buy one at the next gun show. That's all I need to know.
I know a couple of guys who were lucky enough to be asked to shoot on the USMC rifle team back in the '80's. They were shooting armorer built M14's. All had personal rifles built by the rifle team armorers if they provided an M1A receiver. The rest was provided and work completed by the armorers. ET does not say the military gave his friend a 1911, it says the military built a 1911 for his friend. Subtle difference. And when CA still used DROS (Dealer Record Of Sale) books for pistol registration, I saw plenty of "DROS'" get changed or voided (same day sales before the paperwork was sent to the DOJ) if the buyer decided they liked one pistol better than the one they had already done the DROS on. The 4473 did not get completed until the gun was picked up back then, so it would not have been an issue. Can we cut the new guy some slack?
How is changing serial number on the FED FORM not illegal? I would not be dealing with an FFL that would do that stupid crap weather it was legal or now. That is just asking for a bunch of problems down the road. How many other things does he "CHANGE" of the 4473? Will he change someone's name? address, what?


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Mountain goat at Berlin zoo. Unedited image taken November 2012
goat, mountain, mountain goat, rock, climbing animal, mammal, farm, zoo, berlin zoo, berlin goat, horns, goat with horns
I am an amateur photographer living in the United Kingdom. I have been taking photos since I was 10 years old but also dabble in drawing, painting and design, in fact anything creative where I feel I can express myself. To me art is soul and emotion.
Thank you for stopping by and taking the time to look at my work. I hope you enjoy :)
Beautifully exposed.
– CreativeEm
An amazing creature, nicely framed 7 captured! :)
Thank you so much!
– CreativeEm
gotta love those mythological horns
great capture
Lol, yes, know what you mean! Thanks so much for stopping by
– CreativeEm
WOW! What a beautiful capture…
Thanks Phyllis :)
– CreativeEm


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About Our Events
We hold a variety of events throughout the year in communities across South Dakota. Most include fundraising, and all are great ways to keep in touch with the folks who partner with our mission.
LSS Golf Tournament
Please join us for the Annual LSS Golf Tournament in Watertown. All money raised will go directly to client services—strengthening individuals and families in Watertown area communities. Services include adoption scholarships, mental health counseling and consumer credit counseling. Last year, LSS touched the lives of Watertown area residents more than 1,300 times through these services. The tournament is August 3, 2015. Registration is at noon with a shotgun start at 1 p.m. The tournament will be held at Cattail Crossing Golf Course in Watertown. LSS Style Tournament is a competition format that is a variation of a regular scramble.
Area Dinner Benefits
The longest-running events are our Area Dinner Benefits which are held in four communities each year. Local committees volunteer their time to put on a luncheon or dinner event to raise funds for LSS. Table hosts from congregations in the area invite friends, relatives, and neighbors to come hear the message about how LSS is changing lives. This is a wonderful opportunity for LSS staff to thank many of our supporters, and for donors to learn how their gifts are making a difference.
Mentor Breakfast
The School Based Mentoring program presents its Mentor Of The Year and other awards at an annual recognition breakfast held each April. Mentors, site coordinators and community partners are recognized and thanked for their service. For more information on the Mentor Recognition Breakfast please contact the LSS Mentoring Services. 605-221-2346.
"Taste of Cultures"
LSS Center for New Americans hosts an annual "Taste of Cultures" event in the spring to raise money to help newcomers to America. The event includes dinner, speakers, entertainment, and silent auction. For more information on the "Taste of Cultures" event please contact the Center for New Americans at 605-339-4601, 866-242-2447.
Founders Family Luncheon
Each year LSS invites all Founders Family members to a special luncheon with the LSS Board to induct new members and celebrate all Founders Family members. Members may choose to be listed anonymously in printed material, but we like an opportunity to thank members in person.
Recognition Dinner
The LSS Board of Directors hosts a recognition dinner each winter. Staff celebrating five years of service increments are recognized, along with a Volunteer Of The Year, Congregational Partner Of The Year, and a Business/Community Partner Of The Year.