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Shopping Filters
- Brand
Shop by filtering the results with a selected microscope brand(s). See our brand descriptions for further information on each brand. - Meiji Techno (2)
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Head Type
Monocular microscopes have a single eyepiece. Always keep both eyes open when using a monocular microscope.
Binocular heads have two eyepieces.
Trinocular heads have two eyepieces plus an additional port to which a camera can be attached for still and live imaging.
Digital Only are digital microscopes with no eyepieces to view the specimen with the naked eye.
- Binocular (2)
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- Objective Lens
Objective Lens
Different color light passes through curved glass (a lens) at different angles. Achromatic lenses 'correct' for this 'spherical aberration' in order to bring the light rays into focus on the same plane.
The better the lens, the greater is the amount of correction or 'flat field'.
There are three common achromatic lenses:- Achromatic - Standard on most microscopes with 65% flat field .
- Semi-Plan - Better quality with 80% flat field
- Plan - Premium lenses with 95% flat field
Most applications only require standard achromatic lenses. Semi-plan and plan lenses are typically for professional use.
Please note that Semi Plan and Plan filters also include E-Plan, S-Plan and U-Plan objectives.
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Illumination Type
Halogen or LED illumination is standard on most good quality microscopes. Only advanced users will see the difference so the choice is a personal one.
Halogen provides a bright white that is suitable for most applications. Since it is a hot light, it is not recommended where heat is an issue, such as live specimens.
LED Illumination is an alternative to halogen with more of a bluish white light. It often includes rechargeable batteries for greater portability.
Tungsten is typically used on microscopes where price is the primary purchasing criteria.
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System Type
Brightfield microscopes use transmitted (illuminated from below) white light that is absorbed by denser (darker) areas of the specimen to create contrast.
Darkfield microscopes improve the contrast in unstained, transparent specimens. They use scattered light that is not collected by the objective lens and so the light will not form part of the image. As a result, the specimen is illuminated against a dark background.
Epi-Fluorescence microscopes use the phenomena of fluorescent and phosphorescent light instead of, or in addition to, reflection and absorption.
Inverted microscopes are used to view specimens that require more working space than a slide. For example, specimens in containers such as petri dishes. They are also used for polished metal specimens where reflected light is required. The objectives are located below the stage while the light source and condenser are above the stage.
Metallurgical microscopes are a form of inverted microscope. They are designed for opaque or polished metal specimens that require high magnifications, but with reflected illumination (more typical in a stereo microscope).
Phase Contrast microscopes enable greater contrast in transparent specimens (protozoa etc) without the use of stains. Invented by Fritz Zernike, they convert small phase shifts in the light passing through the specimen into changes in contrast.
Polarizing microscopes employ polarized light that show changes in internal structure and composition of material not discernible with ordinary light.
Portable microscopes employ rechargeable LED batteries so they can be used outside in the field.
Teaching microscopes employ two or more microscope heads so that teacher and students can view the specimen, simultaneously.
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You can filter the microscopes according to price. Simply click on your desired price range.
MC40/50 BF Measuring Microscope
List Price: $8,840.00
Starting at: $7,499.00
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MC40T/50T BF Transmitted Light Measuring Microscope
List Price: $9,000.00
Starting at: $7,650.00
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I don't buy a lot of magic props, but when I do, MJM is my first choice. The service is prompt and personal. They will match prices and seek out...Read More ->
MJM has always provided me with great products, service, and fast FREE shipping! Thanks MJM, TravisRead More ->

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US 3029832 A Abstract available in Claims available in Description (OCR text may contain errors) April 17, 1962 E. J. TlscHLER ETAL 3,029,832 BRINE TANK VALVE Original Filed Aug. 27, 1958 3,029,832 BREINE TANK VALVE Edward J. Tisciiier and Benjamin H. Kryzer, St. Paul, Minn., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Union Tank Car Company, Chicago, lll., a corporation of New ersey Original application Aug. 27, 1958, Ser. No. 757,470, now Patent No. 2,985,423, dated May 23, 1961. Divided and this application Sept. 23, 19nd, Ser. No. 58,049 2 Ciaims. (Cl. 137-391) This invention relates to improved valve mechanism which is particularly adapted to control the flow of liquid into and out of the brine tank of a base exchange water treatment apparatus. ln he regeneration process a brine solution is drawn from the brine tank to the unit holding the base exchange material by means of an aspirator, injector or similar suction creating device. The suction device draws brine from the tank at a suitable rate vand for a preselected period of time, after which suitable valve mechanism is operated to introduce water under pressure into the Ibrine tank to rell it to a predetermined high level. Thus the brine tank is refilled with fresh water after each regeneration and the cycle of water softening, regeneration, and in some cases backwashing, is repeated as often as required. Many of todays softeners are automatic, having timers and associated control mechanisms to regenerate during the hours of little or no demand and then return the apparatus to softening operation. This results in maintaining line pressure on the brine valve tending to cause overflowing of the brine tank for periods ranging from many hours to a week or more. During these long periods of water softening operation, even a slow leak in the brine tank refill control valve will and often does cause troublesome overflowing and loss of brine. Such leakage is frequently caused by the lodging of solid particles of salt and sediment yfrom the brine and water on the valve closure member and/or on its seat in Suthcient amount to prevent complete leakproof closing of ordinary rell control valves. ln installations having a large float or utilizing relatively high duid pressure to hold a refill-control valve of ordinary construction in closed position, sticking of the valve in its closed position frequently occurs, with the result that the valve fails to open when suction in the brine line is relied on to open the valve. Accordingly, it is a broad object of this invention to provide an improved brine valve adapted to minimize both sticking in closed position and leakage causing overflowing of the brine tank. A particular object is to provide in a brine tank valve of the type adapted to be su-bmerged in liquid in the brine tank an improved ilexible and elastic pressure responsive sealing member which is formed on its sealing face with a plurality of radially spaced concentric circular ridges adapted to coact with a confronting seat of large area to form a plurality of annular closure members, the complete closing of any one of which will prevent leakage. These and other objects and advantages of the inventionA will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which is shown `an illustrative embodiment of the invention. In the drawing: FIGURE 1 is a vertical sectional view of valve mechanism constructed in accordance with this invention and positioned in a brine tank of the type commonly used in base exchange water treatment apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a cross sectional View taken on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1. 3,929,832 Patented Apr. 17, 1962 Referring to the drawing and particularly to FIG. 1, our valve mechanism is shown within a -brme tank 12 of Ia conventional water softener of automatic or semi-automatic type. A conduit 10 connects the brine valve to the water softener valve mechanism (not shown) for alternately supply make-up water to the brine tank under super-atmospheric pressure and withdrawing brine under sub-atmospheric pressure. Conduit 1li is connected at its lower end by threads 11 to a boss 15 forming a part of a main valve body A. The boss 15 has a bore 21 which is internally threaded to fit the threads 11 of conduit 1d. Communicating with the ybore 21 is a passage having a vertical portion 23 and a horizontally extending portion 24 formed in the body A. Seated on the lower end surface of bore 21 is a tlow regulating device 32 in the nature of a check valve having a notch 32a in its lower face adapted to restrict flow from conduit 10 to passage 24. The device 32 is drawn upwardly to allow ow at a relatively high rate when sub-atmospheric pressure is created in the conduit lil. A threaded plug 16 closes one end of passage 24. A chamber 1d is formed at the lower end of a threaded bore 19 in the valve body A. Fitting in the threaded bore 19 is an extension member 45 of valve body A having a flat lower end forming a seat 44 for a valve closure member i7 in the chamber 13. Passage 24 is in communication with chamber 18 at one side and a passage 46 extends upwardly from the chamber 18 to connect this chamber with the interior of the brine tank 12. Valve member 47 is fixed on the lower end of a stem member 48 which is movable axially in the passage 46. As shown in FIG. 2, stem member t8 has four integral, longitudinally extending guide flanges 48a which slidably engage the walls of the passage 46 to allow flow through this passage along the stem and to insure straight line movement of the stem. Extension member 45 of the valve body A has an enlarged upper section 49 the bottom surface of which abuts against an upper surface 17 of valve body A and a ring 43 is provided to seal the joint between the member 45 and valve body A. Formed in the upper side of extension member 45 is a recess 41 adapted to receive the lower portion of a nut 50 which is xed on the upper end-portion of the stern member 48. The nut Se has a threaded connection with a tubular casing B having a relatively wide lower portion 60 and a reduced upper portion 62. Passages 50a are formed in the nut 5t? in continuation of the passage 46 for flow to and from the chambered interior of the casing B. A centrally located recess is formed in the upper face 5011 of the nut 5@ to receive a flexible diaphragm `63. The peripheral portion of this diaphragm 63 is confined between an annular flange dil-'b on the casing member 60 and the face Silb of nut 50. At its lower side the casing member 69 is formed with a flat annular surface for contact with an annular gasket 61 which is held in place on casing member 60 by an annular flange 50c formed on the nut 59. Flange 5de and the bottom surface of the nut 50 are spaced from the top and peripheral surfaces of extension member 45 defined by the recess 41 to afford an annular passage 4t? extending from the passage 46 to the upper surface 42 of the member 45. Surface 42 constitutes an annular seat for the gasket 61 which is raised and lowered by the float hereinafter described in response to changes in the elevation of the fluid in tank 12. Portion 62 of the casing B is formed with a cylindrical bore and laterally opening ports 64 which arein continuous communication with the interior of the tank 12.. The flexible diaphragm 63 has a central opening 66 for flow between the passages 50a and port 64 and a float ball 65 is mounted in the central chamber of the member 62 and adapated to close the opening 66. A tubular stern member 70 is txed at its lower end in the casing member 62 and extends axially through a central bore formed in the float 75. This float is fixed on the stem member 76 and is movable in response to changes in the elevation of liquid in the brine tank to actuate valve closure member 47 to and from closed position. Float ball 65 is also movable in response to changes in elevation of the liquid in the brine tank, being confined in the casing member 62 and hollow stem member 76 for movement in vertical alignment with the opening 66 in the diaphragm 63. The upper end of the stem member 76 is closed by a cap 71 formed with a small oil-center vent hole 72. An important feature of our invention is the construction of closure member 47 which insures a leakproof seal and substantially prevents objectionable sticking of this member in contact with its seat. Closure member 47 has a generally circular body of unusually large area exposed to fluid pressure in valve chamber 18. It is constructed largely from ilexible resilient material, eg., suitably soft rubber or rubber-like material of approximately 60 durometer hardness, and is formed on its contact face with a series of concentric circular ridges each of which is adapted to make sealing contact with the lower surface 43 of valve member 45. To this end we provide a plurality of relatively small concentric circular ridges 47a having relatively sharp tops extending to a common level and a peripheral, relatively high circular ridge 47b extending to a higher level and having a relativelyv ilexible thin supporting flange 47e. A relatively thick central portion 47C of the member 47 extends beneath the ridges 47a and is reinforced by a perforated disk 47d which is embedded in the resilient elastic body of the closure member 47 as an insert in the mold for this member. A head 48b is formed on the stem member 48 and fits in a centrally located recess in the closure member 47 to secure the latter to the stem member. To facilitate adjustment of the quantity of brine which may be drawn from the tank for each regeneration cycle the float 75 may be secured in various selected positions along the hollow stem member 70. To this end a suitably tight frictional fit may be provided between the oat and stem member 70 or other suitable or conventional fastening means may be provided. Operation In operation, during substantially the entire Water softening period, brine in the tank 12 is at a high level such as that indicated by the broken line H in FIG. 1. During this time float ball 65 is in its elevated broken line position indicated in FIG. l, housing B is in its elevated broken line position, gasket 61 is raised from its seat 42 and the main valve closure member 47 is closed against its seat 44. In conventional automatic and semi-automatic softeners water under full line pressure remains in the chamber 1S to securely retain closure member 47 in its closed position. Peripheral ridge 47b is thereby compressed so that its upper surface is on the same level as the tops of the ridges 47a and all of these ridges are held under compression and in full circle contact with spaced concentric areas of the seat 44. Thus leakage and resulting overflowing of the brine tank is prevented under normal operating conditions. To start regeneration brine is drawn from the tank 12 by establishing sub-atmospheric pressure in the conduit 1i). As hereinbefore indicated, this is usually accomplished by means of an aspirator or injector of common type (not shown) which is supplied with water through the automatic controls associated with the water treatment tank. Upon the establishment of subatmospheric pressure in the conduit it), ow control device 32 is raised to permit low at an increased rate to this conduit from the tank i2. The resulting negative pressure in the chamber 15 and atmospheric pressure in the brine tank acting on the closure member 47 forces this member downwardly away from its seat. Movement of this member is transmitted by stem member 48, nut 50, casing members 6G and 62 and hollow stem 70 to the float 75. initially the flow of brine is from the ports 64 through the opening 66 in diaphragm 63 (float ball 65 being in an elevated position) through passages 59a and 46 to the chamber i8, and thence through passages 24, 23 and 21 to the conduit 10. Brine may also enter the passage 46 through the annular passage 46 as long as the gasket 63. is held in an elevated position by the float 75. After a short initial period of brine draw the oat 75 and connected members move down to an elevation where the gasket 6i closes at its seat 42 and closure member 47 reaches its fully open position. ,Brine continues to be drawn out through ports 64, through the opening 66 and passages Sila and 46 to chamber 18 and thence to and through conduit 10 until the lioat ball 65 reaches its lower level position and closes opening 66, as indicated in full lines in FIG. l. At this time the brine is approximately at a low level L and further How of brine to the conduit 10 is cut off at diaphragm 63 as well as at gasket 61. Float ball 65 in closing opening 66 in diaphragm 63 prevents the entry of air into conduit 10 as the brine reaches its low level in the tank 12. The next step of operation is to refill the brine tank to a predetermined high level by supplying fresh water at the available line pressure through the conduit 10. As the retill tlow starts it may be assumed that the brine is at its low level L. Water now enters the brine tank at the predetermined reduced rate permitted by the notch 32a in llow control device 32 and ows through the passages 23, 24 to chamber 18, thence through the passages 46, 50a and opening 66 to unseat the oat ball 65 and allow flow into the brine tank through the ports 64. As this flow continues the ball 65 rises in tubular stem member 70 and the float 75 and connected members including closure member 47 remain in the full line position shown until the level of brine approaches its high level. The buoyance of float 75 then causes closure member 47 to move upwardly and nally to close at its seat 44. As the member 47 approaches its closed position its peripheral ridge 4711 first makes contact with the seat 44, stopping tlow to passage 46 and allowing pressure to build up in the chamber 18. Flange 47b is thereby compressed and forced down, allowing ridges 47a to make contact with the seat 44 and to be held in sealing contact therewith by uid pressure in the chamber 18 acting on the wide circular member 47. This has been found to be effective in eliminating leakage even when there are substantial deposits of sediment and salt particles on the contacting faces of the member 47 and its seat 44. Notwithstanding the utilization of full line pressure to hold the closure disk 47 in its closed position there is no tendency for this member to stick or be retained in its closed position when sub-atmospheric pressure is created in the chamber 18. This freedom from sticking is due to the combined effect of the narrow, concentric ridge contacts with the flat valve seat and the fact that no part of this resilient elastic closure member can be extruded or forced into a ow passage at its down stream side under the pressure exerted on this member to retain it in closed position. It will be evident that our improved valve, when in use, is substantially entirely submerged in the brine in a tank of the open top type. This application is a division of our application for patent for Brine Tank Valve, Serial No. 757,470, led August 27, 1958, now Patent No. 2,985,423. We claim: l. A liquid level control valve adapted to be submerged in liquid comprising, a valve body having an internal chamber, a normally submerged rst port, a second port communicating with said chamber, a passage extending upwardly from said chamber for flow to and from said rst port, a first valve seat surrounding the lower end of and from said first seat and secured to the lower end of said stem member, a chambered casing connected to the upper end portion of said stem member, a sealing gasket secured to the lower end of said casing for contact with said second valve seat, said casing having a chamber communicating with the upper end of said passage and first port, a flexible diaphragm extending across said casing chamber between said passage and port, said diaphragm having a central opening for flow of liquid between said first passage and first port, a hollow stem member secured to and projecting upwardly from said casing, a float secured to said hollow stem member, and a float ball adapted to close the opening in said diaphragm, said ball being confined in said casing chamber and hollow stern member and being movable with changes in liquid level from a position closing said opening when the submerging liquid reaches a predetermined low level to an open position when the liquid level rises. 2. A liquid level control valve adapted to be submerged in liquid comprising, a valve body having an internal chamber, a normally submerged first port, a second port communicating with said chamber, a passage extending upwardly from said chamber for flow to and from said first port, a rst valve seat surrounding the lower end of said passage, a second valve seat surrounding the upper end of said passage, a Valve stem member extending from said chamber upwardly and coaxially through said passage, a valve closure member movable in said chamber to and from `said first seat and secured to the lower Vend of said stem member, a threaded nut secured tothe upper end portion of said stem member coaxially therewith, a chambered casing having a threaded connection with said nut and projecting upwardly therefrom, a sealing gasket secured to the lower side of said casing for contact with said second valve seat, said casing having a chamber communicating with the upper end of said passage and a third port, a flexible diaphragm extending across said casing chamber between said passage and port, said diaphragm having a central opening for iow of liquid between said passage and third port, and being confined between an upper surface of said nut and a surface of said casing, a hollow stem member secured to and projecting upwardly from said casing, a float secured to said hollow stem member, and a float ball adapted to close the opening in said diaphragm, said ball being confined in said casing chamber and hollow stern member and being movable therein in response t0 changes in liquid level from a position closing said opening in the diaphragm when the submerging liquid reaches a predetermined low level to open positions when the liquid level rises. References Cited in the iile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,716,422 Whitlock Aug. 30, 1955 2,906,285 Resten et al Sept. 29, 1959 2,935,081 Kryzer May 3, 1960 Patent Citations
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Subaru XV Crosstrek and Impreza join stablemates as safest cars on the road
It's no accident that Subaru builds the safest cars on the road, it's because safety is a core value for the brand.
It's no accident that Subaru builds the safest cars on the road, it's because safety is a core value for the brand.
All Japan Rally Championship driver Kamata Takuma took the 2015 Subaru WRX STI performance car and thrilled skiers at the "Slope Taxi 2015" event at Shirakabako Echo Valley ski resort yesterday.
The 2015 Subaru WRX performance sedan is a sporty car you will want to buy now own in five years.
The Subaru brand has been recognized by Kelly Blue Book as being the top 2015 Best Resale Value Brand.
U.S. consumers would like to have two features that show up on the new UK spec 2015 Subaru Outback.
With about 18 million shoppers visiting Edmunds.com each month to find the car that's right for them, they have a good idea of the vehicles people are looking for.
Tucked away in a far corner of rural Maine, Subaru Rally Team USA is getting the new 2015 Subaru WRX STI Rally car ready.
Right out of the Tokyo Auto Salon, Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. (FHI) and Subaru Tecnica International Inc. (STI) are already testing out the new 2015 Subaru BRZ GT300 race car.
Even though Subaru BRZ/Scion FR-S fans here in the U.S. would like to see a convertible variant, it's not likely to happen anytime soon.
The new-generation 2015 Subaru Legacy is setting records and had the best December ever.
Subaru has been secretive about the 2015 Red Bull Global Rallycross season as to whether they will unveil a new 2015 WRX STI GRC car.
Subaru says the VIZIV 2 Concept is a future-generation crossover concept that represents the direction of Subaru's brand value.
If Subaru were to launch the new 2015 Levorg 2.0 GT-S sports tourer in the U.S. , it would likely be a huge hit with performance fans.
When the first 2002 Subaru WRX performance cars arrived into the Port of Vancouver in early 2001, the wheels of a successful launch were put into motion.
The Japan market 2015 Subaru Forester tS performance SUV makes its official world debut but leaves performance fans disappointed.
Subaru likes to tease us with concept vehicles, and they used the Tokyo Auto Salon to show three unique performance models that you'll never see produced.


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Jenise Silva
Best Places To Eat Before The Game In Seattle
Here are a few restaurants guaranteed to hit a home run when it comes to making sure you are fully sated before you cheer on your favorite team.
Best Pulled Pork In Seattle
Different regions of the U.S. lay claim to having the best barbecue sauce for their pulled pork. Whether it's the tomato-based Q's offered up by Georgia and Tennessee, the vinegar based sauce hailing from North Carolina or the mustard based sauce hailing from our neighbors down South in South Carolina I enjoy them all.
Ask A Seattle Chef: Best Mother's Day Brunch Recipes
Check out these stellar Seattle chefs' recommendations for homemade Mother's Day Brunch.
Ask An Expert: Seattle Summer Farmers' Market Guide
To help you get the most out of your market experience, Chris Curtis, director of the Neighborhood Farmers Market Alliance, offers some tips to guide you through the summer market season ahead.
Best Restaurants For Easter Brunch 2013 In Seattle
Once the last egg of your Easter egg hunt has been scooped up, visit one of these Easter brunch favorites to claim your own treasure. After all, you can't live on chocolate bunnies alone.
Best Meatball Dishes In Seattle
With National Meatball Day right around the corner it's good to know there are plenty of masterful hands in Seattle rolling out the humble meatball and transforming them into delicious delights.
Best Ways To Celebrate National Pancake Week In Seattle
National Pancake Week is March 10 to 16 this year and, to celebrate, here are a few spots in town that do the humble pancake justice.
Best Valentine's Day 2013 Restaurant Specials In Seattle
Seattle has its fair share of foodies in love and fortunately it also has some of the best restaurants in the Pacific Northwest.
Best Places To Get A Hot Toddy In Seattle
Many people may think of the hot toddy as a bedtime cocktail to relieve symptoms of the common cold or flu, but many a barkeep thinks they are perfect any time of the day or night as a delightful way to whet your whistle in the cold winter months.
2012 Tasted Good: The Best New Restaurants That Opened In Seattle
Many of the city's top chefs scored big in 2012 with new openings that have had this town buzzing ever since. Here's a look at some of the best that top the list.


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Herbalist Schools
This listing is for herb school members of the American Herbalists Guild. The information listed is provided by the herb school and is not reviewed, evaluated or endorsed in any way by the AHG.
To search for an herb school, please use the search box below.
International Integrative Educational Institute
The International Integrative Educational Institute (IIEI) is a school of natural healing, offering herbalist training, nutrition certification programs, and courses for the general public. The IIEI provides training in a diversity of herbal traditions, from Traditional Chinese, to Ayurvedic, to Western herbalism.
Led by one of the foremost natural healing experts in North America -- K.P. Khalsa, you will find a variety of in-person, and online courses, with offering for beginners to advanced students. Our classroom courses are offered across the country at a variety of locations, and are conducted by K.P. Khalsa and a highly trained, diverse faculty of instructors.
The IIE course offerings include:
• Year 1 Professional Herbalist Course
• Year 2 Professional Herbalist Course
• Nutritional Therapy Program
• Clinical Herbalist Program
• A variety of weekend workshops and retreats
• Mentorships with K.P.
Please see our website for further detail. Most of the courses offer Continuing Education credit or professional certification.
Phone: 541.242.3314
Fax: 541.242.3314 (FAX)
E-mail: email@example.com
Web site: http://www.internationalintegrative.com
Eugene, OR 97405 USA
Live Oak School of Natural Healing
The Live Oak School of Natural Healing is run by a nurse, Dawn Gates, R.N. and was founded on the belief that there is wisdom in both ancient teachings and in modern science. The LOSNH provides students with an integrated education in the traditional practice of Western, Chinese, Ayurvedic and Native American herbal medicine. Our school offers live, correspondence, and online classes with opportunities for clinical practicums, live seminars, and apprenticeships. We have three programs that are developed for all levels of experience from the beginner to the advanced student including nurses, doctors, and pharmacists. The schools mission statement is "To provide a rounded herbal education in order for our students to be the natural health leaders in their communities" The school provides a full curriculum, including herbal history, botany, anatomy/physiology, Materia Medica, nutrition, formulary development, advanced diagnostics (facial, tongue, pulse), meanings of lab values, how to take a complete history/physical as well as practice development and growth.
The online school is via interactive classrooms with Skype video conferences, e-mail discussion groups, podcasts, with a one-on-one mentorship program aimed at getting the online student the most individualized attention possible.
Phone: 877.281.0447
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Web site: http://www.Liveoakschoolofnaturalhealing.com
Paisley, FL 32767 USA
Living Earth School of Herbalism
Living Earth School of Herbalism offers online distance learning and in-class workshops in Western herbalism and related subjects for those who wish to pursue a career as a professional herbalist or who want to learn about herbs and herbal medicine for their own general interest or as an adjunct to their existing healing practice. The director of the school is Michael Vertolli. The curriculum is based on his over twenty-six years of experience teaching and practising herbal medicine.
Our Philosophy
Living Earth courses and programs offer a blend of European and Native American traditional wisdom and modern scientific knowledge without compromising the spirit of holism. Our philosophy is based on a holistic and organismic paradigm, recognizing the importance of all levels of human functioning and experience (biochemical, physiological, emotional, mental, social, spiritual, etc.). The focus is on helping people to achieve a greater level of health and well-being, not solely the elimination of symptoms at the physiological level. This philosophy is the cornerstone of all courses and programs offered by Living Earth.
Our System
The backbone of the curriculum of Living Earth's Traditional Herbalist program and one of the most important features that differentiates this program from other Western clinical herbalist programs is the Four Elements Herbal Therapy system. This is a system of herbal therapeutics and formulating developed by our director, Michael Vertolli, during the twenty-six years that he has practiced and conducted empirical research in herbalism. This unique system eliminates the many years of trial and error that students inevitably experience when they graduate from programs that do not provide a concise system of herbal therapeutics and formulating.
Courses and Programs
• Traditional Herbalist Diploma Program: 1,500 hours, part online, part in-class. Clinical training and field training cannot effectively be taught online and are offered as intensive workshops in southern Ontario.
• Holistic Herbal Studies Certificate Program: 335 hours, mostly online plus field workshops.
• Professional Intensive Workshops: Open to professional herbalists from any background and naturopaths.
• Online General Interest Courses: Open to anyone interested in herbs and herbal healing.
• Field Workshops: Herb identification and material medica.
• Spirit of Herbs Workshops: Open to anyone interested in the energetic and intuitive elements of herbalism.
Phone: 905.303.8723 Ext. 1
E-mail: email@example.com
Web site: http://www.livingearthschool.ca
Maple, ON L6A 1S1 CANADA
Maryland University of Integrative Health
The Master of Science in Herbal Medicine program at Maryland University of Integrative Health (formerly Tai Sophia Institute) combines current scientific research with centuries of tradition to provide students with a solid knowledge of the philosophy, theory, and practice of herbal medicine for the support and maintenance of health and well-being. As individuals increasingly take responsibility for their own healthcare, there are questions from consumers, pharmacists, physicians, and complementary medicine practitioners about issues of use, quality, and cross-effects with mainstream pharmaceuticals and treatments.
The program is designed to serve a critical need for education, research, and information in the field of herbal medicine by training graduates to become practitioners of excellence as well as leaders in research and in the production and standards of commercial botanical remedies. Graduates will:
• Have the competence and experience to be successful, practicing clinical herbalists.
• Provide guidance to practitioners, policy makers, academic researchers, and industry leaders concerning the standards of efficacy, quality, and safety of herbal products.
• Contribute to national efforts to promote the professional practice of herbal medicine and increase awareness of the value of herbal medicine and its role in integrative medicine.
• Provide educational programs for the wider community in the practice of herbal medicine.
• Develop a body of knowledge that will inform and assist clinicians and consumers in their use of herbal products.
• Build a bridge between conventional and herbal medicine practitioners.
The program provides students with a solid familiarity of the foundation of herbal medicine, human biology, and varied healing traditions. Each student will build a knowledge base of over 100 herbs, their traditional usage, the clinical research validating their usage, their dosage as well as known pharmacological effects and contraindications, toxicity, and possible drug interactions. The program offers the country's first Master of Science in Herbal Medicine, providing students with a comprehensive, in-depth education in understanding the rich history, science, and complexity of herbal medicine.
Founded by Simon Mills, co-author of two of the world's leading textbooks on herbal medicine, president of the British Herbal Medicine Association, and secretary of the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP). Led by Director James Snow with highly experienced and prestigious core faculty, along with distinguished guest lecturers.
Over 1000 hours of hands-on clinical training and experience, as well as, extensive training in the preparation and formulation of herbal remedies.
Phone: (410) 888-9048
Fax: (410) 888-9004 (FAX)
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Web site: http://www.tai.edu
Laurel, MD 20723 USA
Mederi Foundation and Mederi Centre for Natural Healing
The Mederi Foundation and Mederi Centre For Natural Healing offer both a Level One and Level Two professional clinical training program in the Eclectic Triphasic Medical System, founded by Donald Yance, CN, RH (AHG).
Up to 25 healthcare practitioners are admitted for Mederi's clinical training programs each year to those who are committed to providing comprehensive care in the field of integrative (collaborative) medicine, specifically with an interest in The Eclectic Triphasic Medical System (ETMS). Training in the ETMS emphasizes advanced clinical applications of botanical, nutritional, and biological medicine principles within a multifaceted framework in order to successfully execute health-building interventions for enhancing patient vitality and lifespan. ETMS allows healthcare professionals to personalize, monitor and continually modify patient care, and is taught exclusively through the nonprofit Mederi Foundation and the Mederi Centre for Natural Healing in Ashland, Oregon. Who Should Attend? Oncologists, Oncology Professionals, Medical Doctors, Naturopathic Doctors, Acupuncturists, Oriental Medicine Doctors, Nurse Practitioners, Registered Nurses, Registered Clinical Herbalists, Certified Nutritionists and Medical School Faculty. A minimum of 4 years managing patient care in the clinical setting is required for our Level One program.
*Level 1: Fundamentals of the Fundamentals of the Eclectic Triphasic Medical System (ETMS) - October 1st - October 4th, 2014 in Ashland OR.
Course Curriculum:
-Yance's philosophical and clinical approach
-Fundamental objectives and core 'branches' of the ETMS – assessing disease processes from a wholistic perspective with emphasis on the three energetic harmonies and five energy networks
-Interviewing skills, case history acquisition, and physical examination techniques
-Differential analysis of symptoms and signs
-Case follow-up, formulating, prescribing, and dispensing
-Endocrinology, neurology, and cardiology – determining the causal chain of disease and the clinical management of related disorders
-Basic cancer biology, efficacy and limitations of conventional therapies
-Food as medicine
-Materia medica and principles of herbal prescribing – dosages and toxicology, dispensary techniques and systems
-Botanical and nutritional monographs
Level 2: Advanced Clinical Applications of the ETMS in Cancer Care (not offered in 2014)
Phone: (541) 488-0514
Fax: (541) 488-0417 (FAX)
E-mail: email@example.com
Web site: http://www.mederifoundation.org
Ashland, OR 97520 USA
Midwest School of Herbal Studies
Our mission is to provide the highest level of education in botanical studies, with an emphasis on integrative herbalism (modern Western phytotherapy, native-American, Unani, Ayurvedic, & TCM), and to do so at an affordable cost and in the most user-friendly format possible.
Phone: toll-free (866) 781-2038
E-mail: email@example.com
Web site: http://www.midwestherbalstudies.com
New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
Natural Healing College
Natural Healing College, Stockton, CA is an online school offering
both a Master Herbalist diploma program and an Ayurvedic Practitioner
Program. A hignspeed internet connection and a computer (pc, mac or
laptop) are required. Both programs are geared towards graduates
having the academic knowledge and practical strategies to open a
wellness consultation business. Every class is based on well-known
published industry respected books which are included in tuition fees
for US students. The classes are both textbook and research driven.
NHC classes bear no relationship to old-fashioned correspondence home
study classes. There are online prerecorded video lectures for most
chapters, spoken word audio glossaries and lessons that are online,
computer based, and textbook interactive, learning experiences.
Lessons and exams are auto graded to provide reviews and grades
immediately upon completion. A staff of teachers with accredited
degrees and real world experience who answer questions and personally
comment on student work twice a week makes Natural Healing College
able to simulate classes as if it were a brick and morter school where
students study and progress at their own pace. Unique among online
schools NHC works with its graduates to help them obtain local
internships and mentors if the graduate desires.
Phone: (209) 390-8076
Fax: (209) 390-8078 (FAX)
E-mail: email@example.com
Web site: http://www.naturalhealingcollege.com/
Stockton, CA USA
Natural Nurse® Herbal Certification Course
Ellen Kamhi, PHD, RN, AHG, AHN-BC
I have been learning and teaching the medicinal use of herbs since 1964, as well as providing information to thousands of individuals on how to use herbs for themselves, their patients and their families. I am a medical school professor, and taught medicinal pharmacognocy at the masters level for many years. I am also a hands on indiginous herbalist with a strong belief in interspecies communication with plants and other living and earth based personalities, as well as a wildcrafter. As I travel around the world giving lectures and workshops, I get many requests for more in depth classes, and the opportunity to apprentice with me.
This correspondence course will afford you that opportunity.
The course is conducted via individual webinar training. I will send you a link to a powerpoint, and then we will mutually choose a time (about an hour) to review the slides. As I discuss each topic, we will go into many aspects that are mentioned on each slide in a much more comprehensive way, giving you in depth data on how to collect, purchase and use each individual herb for yourself and your family.
Before we complete each lecture, I will email you a specific assignment that must be completed before our meeting. Depending on the level of the topic, it will be basic or more advanced. For example, I might ask you to go to your local health food store, and read the 'other ingredients' and 'standardization claims' on a few different herbal products. We will then discuss the significance of your findings. For a more advanced course, I may ask you to identify 2 alkaloid and 2 glycoside substances found in a particular herb, and what medicinal value they have, along with possible adverse effects that they may provoke. Don't worry, if you are a beginner, we will have covered all the initial classes you would need in order to know how to access that kind of information. Since I am both a traditional wildcrafting herbalist, AND a Professor of Botanical Pharmacognocy, I can take you as far as you want to go. Therefore, this course is appropriate for both the beginner and the professional, who would like to go more deeply into understanding the world of sentient as well as chemical interactions between plants and humans.
You can take this course as an individual, or share it with up to 5 others, since I will send a link to up to five individuals of your choosing if you choose the group rate.
Each class is $ 50 for an individual, or $ 100 for a group.
After completing 5 classes, you will receive a certification. Each additional 5 classes completed, will yield an additional certificate. I have over 50 topics available for 10 levels of certifications. The certification will indicate the number of hours of study, and the level of the course work that you have completed.
I look forward to sharing my decades of knowledge with you, and to learning from you as well, because as a teacher, I am also a perpetual student.
Phone: 800.829.0918
E-mail: email@example.com
Web site: http://www.naturalnurse.com/education
Oyster Bay, NY USA
New Eden School of Natural Health and Herbal Studies
New Eden offers two programs in herbal studies. The Certified Herbalist track educates the student in how to wisely and effectively recommend herbal preparations and products to consumers and clients. The foundational courses add to this program. This track requires 5 to 8 months to complete via distance learning. The Medical Herbalist (MH) track offers an in-depth and complete herbalist curriculum. Students are taught from a science and clinical prospective how to effectively operate as a medical herbalist. This track requires 18 to 24 months to complete via distance learning.
Phone: 630.403.8149
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Web site: http://www.newedenschool.com
Glendale Heights, IL 60139 USA
Northwest Institute of Ayurveda
The Northwest Institute of Ayurveda (NIA) was founded in 2006 in order to serve the growing interest in Ayurveda and sustainability medicine. Our mission is to provide evolutionary education for personal, professional and planetary transformation. Since 2006, our programs and services have expanded to include Clinical Ayurveda, Ayurvedic Herbalist, Ayurvedic Massage and Aromatherapy training, as well as Ayurvedic Health Consultations and Panchakarma Retreats. Our goal is to enhance individual, societal and ecological health. We emphasize the sustainability model inherent within the Vedic sciences such as Ayurveda, Yoga, Vastu Vidya (Vedic "feng shui") and Jyotisha (Vedic astrology). Ayurveda is truly wholistic. It addresses the human desire for heallh on all levels—body, mind, spirit, family, community, and environment. It is one of the fastest growing fields of complementary medicine today. Become a part of this planetary healing revolution!
Phone: (707) 601-9025
E-mail: email@example.com
Web site: http://www.ayurvedicliving.com
Arcata, CA 95521 USA


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Chantel still doesn't have power. She is at her Mom's house with her newborn and three year old, her inlaws, grandparents, and her dog. I can only imagine that she is feeling ready to columbine everyone down. Lol prayer to the universe for her power and her sanity
By Liliana Lovell,
Coyote Ugly Saloon Founder
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Buy "Later Than You Think" and "Running On Lonely" by The Coyotes!
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- Laboratory-tested and competition-proven in the Grand National Cross Country race series.
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Pictures of Ryan Phillippe's Baby With Alexis Knapp
First Pics of Ryan Phillippe's New Baby on the Beach With Mom Alexis Knapp!
Ryan Phillippe's ex Alexis Knapp hit the beach in Venice with a few friends and her newborn daughter last week. The almost 2-month-old was named Kailani Merizalde Phillippe Knapp, though it still hasn't been confirmed whether Ryan is in fact the baby's father. The actor has yet to comment on the situation, but he was reportedly in the delivery room for the child's birth in July. Ryan and Alexis split last year, and he briefly dated Amanda Seyfried in the months before Alexis gave birth. He's since been busy with his older children, Ava and Deacon, and the threesome took a trip together just last month. Ava and Deacon were treated to yet another getaway when they traveled to Kauai with mom Reese Witherspoon and her husband, Jim Toth, last week.
Celebrity Babies
Ryan Phillippe
- Eli Manning's wife, Abby, gives birth to a baby girl — Us Weekly
- Kim Kardashian has really mastered one kind of selfie — HuffPost Celebrity
- Who is Rachel McAdams's mystery dinner date? — Lainey Gossip
- Iggy Azalea backtracks after a social media rant — Dlisted
- Rihanna strips down for a sexy spread — ET
- Why Reese Witherspoon dressed up as a guy — JustJared
- Hilary Duff is one hot mom — Hollywood Tuna
- Eddie Murphy shares exciting SNL news — Pink Is the New Blog
- Why Suge Knight is under arrest — The Superficial


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specially designed to allow freedom of movement. This wrap ties arround the Back & Abdomen for easy application.
Features of Therma-Kool Hot/Cold Lumbar Wraps:
Citracal Plus Bone Density Builder Capsules - 80 ea
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Product descriptions and images presented on the site are for representational use only and do not constitute or substitute for medical information from your health care or medical professional. Information on this site is provided for informational purposes only. You should read carefully all on correct product packaging and follow the instructions. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, promptly contact your health care provider. Information and statements regarding dietary supplements on this site have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and may be for commercial. Image shown for reference only. Actual item you recieve may differ from shown.


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Available at Home Depot and Lowes , Produced by Curran Renewable Energy, LLC pellet mill that is located in Massena NH produce the North American Wood Pellets? That is what I was told last
they are a hardwood / softwood blend
Available at Home Depot and Lowes , Produced by Curran Renewable Energy, LLC pellet mill that is located in Massena NH produce the North American Wood Pellets? That is what I was told last
they are a hardwood / softwood blend
Please include the model of your pellets stove and PLEASE leave a review that is actually going to help the next guy out.
Please only click submit one time. Comments will be reviewed by myself before publishing.
Purchased 50 bags at Lowes HIGH ash and good heat. Used to only clean my quadrafire Classic Bay 1200 Pellet Insert once a week and now have to clean every three days! Will not buy again
Have been burning these this heating season since haven't been able to find a brand I'd like to burn (Hamer etc.) and we're not impressed. We have an old Austroflamm Integra 22 yrs old, need a small pellet so this one works, but does leave a lot of ash, and the stove needs cleaning more frequently. And for the first time ever the heat exchange tubes are coating up with creosote. Bought the pellets at TSC - hoping to find something someplace else....
I have purchased 40 bags of pellets from Tractor Supply. I have a Harman stove and never had a problem with it at all in 3 years. Since I started using North American Pellets, don't know if it is to much dust or what but my pellet stove has shut down 3 times, because of an error. After checking what the error was, it was to much dust and build up from the pellets which was like concrete in the auger of my stove. VERY DISAPPOINTED CUSTOMER.
I find this batch I got great and hot. But they burn up like paper and I use about the amount in a 24 hour period . with a very high ash content. I have to clean my qf pellet stove with every fill of the hopper . lot of ash an it cakes up in the bottom of the burn pot.I bought these at tractor supply in Fulton n.y. were they store most pellets outside this might be some of the problem. I'm not happy with this batch of pellets .
I have an old Whitfield stove - it was in house when I bought it. Sorry, but that's all I know. However, I bought these pellets from Tractor Supply because that was all they had. I really like them - they burn slow, so last a long time, and I feel the amount of ash is much smaller than others I have tried. I have seen a lot of negative comments, maybe I am missing something - certainly not an expert on wood pellets!


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sounds awesome, can't wait
Who would want to conquer a dystopia? That's like buying a Blockbuster Video store.
great members but damn, I can only listen to so much of this kind of shred metal stuff before it just gets ridiculously boring
you're boring
no, this is boring basically every album in the genre is exactly the same
• Poison The Well reunite• Blink-182 performing without Tom ..• Papa Roach stream F.E.A.R• Title Fight streams Hyperview• Asking Alexandria singer quits• New Death Cab for Cutie single• John Frusciante goes acid house• Napalm Death drop new video • Demis Roussos dies at 68• New Slayer album in 2015
• Howling Giant stream debut EP• Cedar Boulevard's New Single• AWOLNATION Release New Song• The Offspring release new song• Jeff Bridges releases new album• Behind these snide eyes• Minus the Bear Drummer Leaves• Dustin Kensrue reveals new album• Adrenaline Mob drop new single• Passion Pit album teaser• Chelsea Wolfe announces new album• New(ish) Jeff Rosenstock video• Voivod post new song• Minsk end hiatus• Halasan Bazar / Tara King Th. str..» see all news
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Add the soft touch of a drum shade pendant to your home with the Divina Pendant Light. The shade of this pendant is a pleated wrapped ribbon that creates a beautiful texture and play of light when illuminated. Canopy finish in polished chrome. Choose between a black shade with a red cord, a cream shade with a black cord, or a white shade with a black cord. Great over your dining room table or in your living room.
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RSS (Latest News in Science web feed) News in Science
Friday, 30 January 2015
Stunning supernova has a bubbly interior
A new three dimensional model of the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant provides new insights into how these massive explosions occur.
Brain's binge eating circuit revealed
Friday, 30 January 2015
Skull sheds light on human-Neanderthal relationship
Thursday, 29 January 2015
Vale Darren Osborne
Thursday, 29 January 2015
Faraway planet has rings 200 times bigger than Saturn
Thursday, 29 January 2015
Explore more
News in Science
Big-toothed fossil may be primitive new human
Wednesday, 28 January 2015
The first known prehistoric human from Taiwan has been identified and may represent an entirely new species that lived as recently as 10,000 years ago, according to a new study.
Fossils push back snake origins by 65 million years
Wednesday, 28 January 2015
Palaeontologists have described the four oldest-known fossils of snakes that lived about 167 million years ago
Astronomers find oldest-known solar system
Wednesday, 28 January 2015
An ancient Sun-like star surrounded by orbiting planets dating back to the dawn of our galaxy has been discovered by astronomers.
Planning may start in brain's emotion centre
Tuesday, 27 January 2015
An almond-shaped clusters of neurons deep in the brain known as the amygdala may play a vital part in long-term planning, suggests a new study.
Extreme La Nina events set to increase
Tuesday, 27 January 2015
Extreme La Nina events that affect weather conditions on both sides of the Pacific will almost double in frequency as the climate warms, a new study shows.
Violent heart of the Milky Way exposed
Monday, 26 January 2015
This is the heart of the Milky Way seen though the infra-red eyes of the Hubble Space Telescope.
Awards honour 'application of science to human problems'
Monday, 26 January 2015
In less than a decade the use of immunosuppressant drugs following an organ transplant will be a thing of the past, suggests one of three researchers acknowledged in today's Australia Day Honours.
Ape-like ancestors had human-like hands
Friday, 23 January 2015
Some of the earliest, and still very ape-looking members of our family tree were the first to process foods, make handcrafted stone tools, and do relatively sophisticated tasks, suggests a new study.
Rosetta comet's diverse terrain stuns scientists
Friday, 23 January 2015
The frozen surface of comet 67P is a diverse landscape that includes dust dunes, huge icy boulders, towering cliffs and deep crevasses.
Doomsday Clock moves closer to midnight
Friday, 23 January 2015
Rising threats from climate change and nuclear arsenals prompted the scientists who maintain the Doomsday Clock, a symbolic countdown to global catastrophe, to move it two minutes closer to midnight.
Tick, tock
Video-based therapy may help babies at risk of autism
Thursday, 22 January 2015
Video-based therapy for families with babies at risk of autism improves infants' engagement, attention and social behaviour, and might reduce their risk chances of developing the condition, suggests a small study.
Gene sweep finds variants that make your brain unique
Thursday, 22 January 2015
A large international study has identified variations in the human genome that influence the size of structures deep within the brain.
Hubble captures most detailed image ever seen of Andromeda galaxy
Wednesday, 21 January 2015
One of the largest and most detailed images of the Andromeda galaxy ever created has been released by a team of researchers led by University of Washington professor Julianne Dalcanton
Stunning image
Cold climate animals may suffer as world heats up
Wednesday, 21 January 2015
Animals that live in cold, stable environments may suffer more as the climate changes, suggests new research on the ability of mosquitofish to deal with temperature increases.
Cosmic radio bursts witnessed live by Australian scientists for first time
Wednesday, 21 January 2015
Australian scientists have witnessed the bright flashes of radio waves caused by a cosmic radio burst live for the first time.
Real time radio burst


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Armstrong Co. Crash Leaves 1 Dead
Police are investigating a crash that left one person dead in Armstrong County Saturday.
Woman Faces Charges For 2012 Crash That Killed 1
A woman who was in a car crash that killed another woman back in 2012 now faces homicide by vehicle charges.
Student Killed In Accidental Shooting Remembered At St. Vincent College
At 4 p.m. Monday afternoon, students at St. Vincent College stopped what they were doing and gathered at the Mary Mother of Wisdom Chapel to try to understand their loss.
Elderly Funeral Home Director Found Guilty Of 3rd-Degree Murder
An elderly funeral director, accused of killing a man during an argument, was found guilty of third degree murder.
Body Of Canonsburg Native Killed In Wash. State Mudslide Identified
Family and friends of 30-year-old Billy Spillers are getting some closure today.
Growing Number Of Dogs Killed Along Jeannette Train Tracks
Some dog owners are worried about their pet's safety in a neighborhood in Jeannette, Westmoreland County.
"Rocco's Law" Passes House, Headed To State Senate
"Rocco's Law" is closer to becoming reality.
D.A. Rules Fatal Shooting Of Child Abductor Was Justified
The Allegheny County District Attorney has ruled that the fatal shooting of a child abductor by police was justified.
Man Killed While Trying To Rescue Pets From Butler Co. Fire
A 22-year-old man is dead and a Butler County community is in shock after a devastating fire overnight.
I-70 Reopens After Fatal Crash
Interstate 70 has reopened in western Pennsylvania, after being closed for several hours when an Ohio man was killed in a violent crash.
Sidewalk Memorial Honors Teen Killed By Dump Truck In McKeesport
A spot on the sidewalk near the intersection of Hartman Street and O'Neil Boulevard in McKeesport has now become a makeshift memorial.
Fatal Homewood Bar Shooting Suspect Sought
The search is still on for a gunman who opened fire at a Homewood bar early Saturday morning. The incident left one person dead and four others injured.
Man Killed, 4 Others Injured In Homewood Shooting
Investigators continue to look for suspects after one person was killed and four others were injured when gunfire erupted overnight at a bar in Homewood.
2nd Of 2 Gas Wells Sealed After Fatal Blast In Greene Co.
Chevron says crews have capped the second southwestern Pennsylvania gas well that caught fire earlier this month.
Girl, 12, Hit & Killed By Vehicle, Father Charged With DUI
A father has been charged with DUI following an accident where his daughter died after being was struck and dragged by the vehicle.


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US 4705947 A Abstract A helium ionization detection system is provided which produces stable operation of a conventional helium ionization detector while providing improved sensitivity and linearity. Stability is improved by applying pulsed dc supply voltage across the ionization detector, thereby modifying the sampling of the detectors output current. A unique pulse generator is used to supply pulsed dc to the detector which has variable width and interval adjust features that allows up to 500 V to be applied in pulse widths ranging from about 150 nsec to about dc conditions.
Claims(4) 1. A pulsed helium ionization detection system, comprising:
an ionization detection chamber including anode and cathode electrodes between which helium carrier gas containing an ionizable component to be detected is introduced and an ionizing radiation source disposed within said chamber for ionizing only said component to be detected; ionization current sensing means for sensing and recording the magnitude of ionization current produced by the ionization of said component to be detected in said detection chamber as a direct indication of the concentration of said ionizable component introduced into said chamber; and a high voltage pulser means for generating and applying bias voltage pulses at selected frequencies over a range of from about 1 kHz to 333 kHz, amplitudes up to about 500 volts and duty cycles to produce a discontinuous ionization current output sensed by said ionization current sensing means. 2. The system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said high voltage pulser means includes a variable high voltage dc power source for producing output voltages over a selectable range up to about 500 volts, a reference pulse generator means for providing variable frequency and pulse width reference pulses at an output thereof, and a high voltage switching means operable in response to said reference pulses at the output of said reference pulse generator means and the output voltage of said dc power source for generating said bias voltage pulses at an output thereof having an amplitude corresponding to the selected output of said power source and frequency and width corresponding to the width of said reference pulses from said reference pulse generator means.
3. The system as set forth in claim 2 wherein said high voltage switching means includes first and second complementary MOSFET transistors connected in series outposition between the output of said high voltage power supply and ground potential so that the common connecting point of said first and second MOSFET transistors forms the output of said high voltage switching means and first and second high-current gain gate drive channels connected between the output of said reference pulse generator means and the gate electrodes of said first and second MOSFET transistors, respectively, so that said output of said switching means is alternately switched between the output of said high voltage power supply and ground potential at a frequency corresponding to the selected frequency of the output of said reference pulse generator means.
4. The system as set forth in claim 3 wherein said ionizing radiation source is a 1 Ci scandium tritide source and wherein the width of said pulses at the output of said switching means may be varied over a range of from 150 n sec to about dc conditions.
Description This invention is a result of a contract with the United States Department of Energy. This invention relates generally to the art of helium ionization detectors and more specifically to improvements in helium ionization detectors. The helium ionization detector (HID) is one of the most sensitive detectors currently available for gas chromatography. The detector is nonselective, meaning that it is capable of responding to all chromatographable species ranging from the permanent gases to complex organic molecules. Despite its universal response mechanism and high ionization efficiency, the HID detector has not been widely used. The reasons for its limited use include the stringent requirements for high sensitivity operation, instability, and variations in response for selected species as a function of chromatographic conditions. The greatest sensitivity is obtained when ultrapure helium is used as the carrier gas and when contributions from the chromatographic system (e.g., column bleed) to the background current are minimal. Low parts-per-billion concentrations of the permanent gases can be determined under these conditions. The universal response characteristic which is largely an advantage can also be troublesome since any atmospheric diffusion in the system will reduce the sensitivity of the detector. Long periods of time may be required to stabilize the detector on initial start-up, when changing separation columns, or following any exposure of the system to the atmosphere. The response to the substrate or solvent used in the column may also be excessively large requiring long periods between sample analyses to allow the detector to return to initial background conditions. When the detector is overloaded by high concentrations of an analyte, or if the background is high, anomalous peak shapes or polarity inversions may be obtained making it difficult to interpret the results. Despite these problems, there has been renewed interest in the HID. The characteristic negative responses for the permanent gases have been examined and the conditions which invert the signals defined. It was also determined that the detector could be operated in the saturation region of the field intensity with sensitivities comparable to those which can be obtained in the exponential region (i.e., at greater than 350 V). This is due to a decrease in noise level and background current. These reductions in turn have allowed gas-liquid partition columns to be used with the detector which extends the applications to include higher molecular weight organics. Thus, it will be seen that there is a need for an improved HID system which provides stable operation of an HID while improving the sensitivity and linearity of the device. In view of the above need it is an object of this invention to provide an improved HID system which produces stable operation of a conventional HID while providing improved sensitivity and linearity. Another object of this invention is to provide an improved, stable HID wherein the detector current is sampled in a discontinuous mode by applying bias voltage pulses of selected duration across the detector. Other objects and many of the attendant advantages of the present invention will be obvious from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction with the drawings. Briefly, the invention pertains to a pulse operated helium ionization detector system. A conventional helium ionization detector in a flowthrough detecting arrangement is combined with a bias voltage pulse generator with variable pulse width, amplitude and interval adjust to operate the detector in a pulsed bias voltage mode to reduce noise and background current levels in the detectors output current response as compared to conventional dc bias operation. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the pulse generator is of a unique design which provides a switching capability operable over a voltage range from 0 to 500 V at less than 1 kHz up to 333 kHz at the highest voltage. The pulse generator allows operation of the detector at higher than conventional bias voltages in the pulsed mode without cell current breakdown thus, extending the sensitive range of the detector. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a pulsed helium ionization detection system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the high voltage pulser shown in block form in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the high voltage pulser shown in block form in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a graph of the detector current amplitude response for a standard gas mixture ambient column temperature and the detector pulsed at a frequency of 20 kHz with a duty cycle of 80% and a pulse amplitude of 350 V. Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown a pulsed helium ionization detection system according to the present invention in which a conventional helium ionization detector (HID) 5, such as the Valco Model 100 H available from Valco Instruments Co., Inc., Houston, Texas, is operated in a pulsed mode to detect components of a gas sample introduced into the detector from a separating column 9 operated within a chromatographic oven 7. Sample gas is injected onto the analytical column 9 through a valved inlet conduit 13. When the valve is switched, the sample gas trapped in the inlet conduit is swept onto the column by the helium carrier gas which is introduced continuously through an inlet conduit 15. Components of the sample gas are separated in the column 9 following injection in a conventional manner and then passed through the HID 5 for detection. The detector 5 includes a cathode electrode 17 and an anode electrode 19 between which the gas flows through the detector. The anode 19 is formed of a foil containing a radioactive source, such as 1 Ci scandium tritide, which serves to ionize the sample gas components in the detector volume. An electrometer 21 is connected to the anode 19 to measure the detector ionization current which is recorded in a recording device 23, such as a strip chart recorder connected to the output of the electrometer 21. Pulses having a selected amplitude, pulse width and interval are applied to the cathode from a high voltage pulser 25. The pulse width and frequency are controlled by a pulse generator 27 connection to a control input of the pulser 25. The pulse amplitude is controlled by applying a selected negative dc reference voltage to the switching input of the pulser 25 from a variable, high voltage, dc power supply 29. Qn a particular embodiment, employing a Kepco model #APH 500M, Flushing, NY, as the power supply 29 and a Global Specialties Model 4001, New Haven, CT, transistor-to-transistor (TTL) pulse generator 27, the high voltage pulser is capable of providing up to 500 V negative pulses with widths ranging from 150 nsec to dc conditions at 500 V. The pulses are limited to a maximum frequency of 333 kHz at 500 V due to the current limitations of the high voltage power supply (40 mA) and the power dissipation in the output devices of the pulser 25. At lower voltages, however, it can be operated at slightly higher frequencies. The pulser 25 is shown in block diagram form in FIG. 2 and in schematic diagram form in FIG. 3. The schematic portions of the circuit in FIG. 3 corresponding to the blocks shown in FIG. 2 are enclosed by dashed lines and numbered to correspond to the blocks of FIG. 2. The circuitry consists of dual gate-drive channels to switch the output either to ground or to the selected negative high-voltage level. To drive high-voltage pulses of various widths and at level amplitudes requires dc coupling at the output. The output devices are complementary MOSFET transistors 31 (MTP2P50) and 33 (1RF830) that have 500 V breakdown ratings. The "on" resistance of these devices is quite low (typically 4 ohms and 1.3 ohms, respectively), and they exhibit no charge storage effects typical of bipolar devices to impair switching speed. The output pulse rise time of about 50 nsec is dominated primarily by the output resistors 48 (FIG. 3) and the cable plus detector capacitances. The output devices are driven out of phase, so that only one device is on at a time. Since the input gate capacitance of the transistors is large (600-1,000 pF), high current drivers are required to switch the gates quickly. Each of the drive channels are essentially identical and thus only the driver circuit for transistor 31 will be described. Like prime reference numerals are used to indicate identical elements in the output transistor 33 driver channel. The TTL pulses from the pulse generator 27 (FIG. 1) are applied to an optoisolator circuit 35 which provides level shifting of the generator pulses to the high output voltage level. The output of the optoisolator 35 is connected to TTL buffer circuits 37 which are used to "square up" the pulse and provide additional current drive to the following stages. The negative going outputs of the buffer circuits 37 are connected to separate current gain and inverting circuits 39 and 41 which together produce sufficient current gain to drive the large input capacitance of the MOSFET 31 quickly through a coupling RF power device 43. As shown in FIG. 3, the current gain circuits 39 and 41 are formed of non-saturating Darlington inverters which provide extremely fast, high current switching of the MOSFET 31 through bipolar radio frequency power transistors 45 and 47. Thus, when a positive going reference pulse from the pulse generator 27 is applied to the input of the pulser a corresponding width pulse is produced at the output due to transistor 31 being switched "off" and transistor 33 being switched "on". The output pulse has an amplitude corresponding to the selected negative voltage applied from the variable dc power source 29. The voltage applied to the HID is not distorted or reduced in amplitude by the loading effects of the cable connectors and detector capacitance because of the low output impedance of the pulser. Overall, the pulser provides the unique feature of high frequency switching at high voltages, up to 333 kHz at 500 V. The response characteristics of the pulsed HID were examined by analyzing a standard gas mixture containing 7.6 ppm H2, 7.6 ppm CH4, 8.0 ppm N2, 7.5 ppm O2, 7.5 ppm Ne, and 7.8 ppm Ar in ultrapure helium, at various frequencies and duty cycles. The chromatogram shown in FIG. 4 was obtained at 350 V, 20 kHz and 80% duty cycle. The response to Ne, H2, Ar+O2, and N2 was negative which is characteristic of an HID when ultrapure helium (99.9999%) is used as the carrier gas. Argon and O2 were not resolved on the analytical separation column used. Separations were carried out in a 1.8 m �2.1 mm I.D., 3.2 mm O.D. stainless steel column, packed with molecular seive 5 A (80-100 mesh). The column was operated isothermally at room temperature. The carrier gas was introduced at a flow rate of approximately 35 ml/min. The magnitude of the response for CH4 was approximately 50% of that obtained at 350 V dc, while the other gases gave about 30% of their response at dc conditions. However, the noise level was substantially reduced in the pulsed mode (i.e., by a factor of 3 under the given conditions) and the detector background current was approximately half. Further, frequency effects were examined from 0.8 to 400 kHz at 80% duty cycle with 350 V pulses at the detector. The greatest response for all the gases examined was obtained at the highest frequency. Noise levels in all cases were less than in the conventional dc mode. At 400 kHz, CH4 gave 76% of the dc signal and the noise level was reduced by 50%. It was also determined that the detector could be used at higher voltages than possible with dc operation before the detector current would break down. The pulsed detector could be operated up to 500 V at 333 kHz while in the dc mode the detector could be only operated up to 460 V. Since the response increases exponentially at higher voltages, operation under these conditions should provide significant increases in sensitivity. The highest response for all gases tested was obtained at high frequencies and high duty cycle combinations. In addition it was discovered that at certain frequencies and duty cycles an inversion of the signal polarity for H2, Ar+O2, and N2 was obtained. Reversals for one or more peaks occurred within the range of 3 to 45 kHz when the duty cycles were less than 60%. The magnitude of the inverted responses was also found to increase exponentially with increasing voltage. With the conventional HID the upper detection limit for these gases is only approximately 100 ppm. Higher levels produce deformed W-shaped peaks. Inverting the peaks to positive improves the upper detection limit. Depending upon the analytical requirements then, the response may be easily adjusted to cover a broad range simply by varying the frequency and/or duty cycle. For high sensitivity operation, high frequency voltage and duty cycles are required while high concentrations (>100 ppm) H2, Ar, O2, and N2 are best analyzed at low duty cycles and frequencies. Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Vol. 19: Cottage Economy
Pamphleteer William Cobbett launched the sustainability movement - in 1821.
By George Dyson
Photos by National Portrait Gallery, London
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Merchant Ship
AMVER Merchant Ship Rescues Senegal Sailors Off Cape Cod
Fourteen Senegal nationals arrived in Brooklyn today aboard a merchant ship after being plucked from their 60-foot catamaran about 800 miles east of Cape Cod, Mass., Saturday afternoon. All 14 rescued, reportedly in good physical condition, were placed in the care of U.S. Customs and Border Protection agents. U.S. Coast Guard Atlantic Area Command Center received a distress report and diverted the "AMVER"-participating merchant ship OOCL Melbourne to render assistance. The merchant ship OOCL Melbourne was transiting from Barcelona, Spain to Brooklyn. A joint-agency boarding team of Coast Guard Sector New York and Customs and Border Protection officers met the merchant ship OOCL Melbourne at Ambrose Light Anchorage, about 12 miles outside the Port of New York and New Jersey. The boarding team remained on board until the ship moored at the Red Hook shipping terminal in Brooklyn. The Crew and Master of merchant ship were commended by the Coast Guard for their seamanship and professionalism in going out of their way to come to the "rescue" of 14 on the catamaran, and for their voluntary support of AMVER / rescue at sea program. They maneuvered their 770 foot merchant ship alongside the distressed catamaran to remove the 14 sailors in the middle of the North Atlantic during January weather and sea conditions.
Danish Navy Foils Pirate Attack off Somali Coast
According to a report from AFP, a helicopter from a Danish warship under NATO operational control foiled a pirate attack August 28 on a merchant vessel in the Gulf of Aden. The Danish ship Esbern Snare launched a helicopter in response to a call for help from a merchant vessel, the Danish Navy told AFP. According to the report, a statement from NATO's maritime command said the attacked merchant ship was the Panamanian flagged MV Caribbean Carrier.
Maritime Security: More Work to be Done
Global maritime anti-terror laws introduced last year have broadly enhanced sea security, but many challenges lie ahead, a principal architect of the measures said in an interview, according to a Reuters report posted on www.btimes.com. James F. Wall, until 2004 chair of the UN International Maritime Organisation's (IMO) security arm responsible for drawing up the law, said merchant ships were generally more secure than the ports which still need more security.
This Day in Naval History - May 12
By Navy News Service 1780 - Fall of Charleston, SC; three Continental Navy frigates (Boston, Providence, and Ranger) captured; and one American frigate (Queen of France) sunk to prevent capture. 1846 - U.S. declares war against Mexico. 1975 - SS Mayaguez seized by Khmer Rouge and escorted to Koh Tang Island. 1986 - Destroyer USS David R. Ray (DD 971) deters an Iranian Navy attempt to board a U.S. merchant ship.
GSM Design Group acquires FORAN V60
The Polish firm GSM Design Group has signed an agreement with Sener to use the FORAN System. GSM personnel have already received on site training in the FORAN Structure discipline, given by the Polish engineering company, StoGda, Sener's representative in Poland. GSM is an engineering group established in 1999, whose main activity is offering services to shipyards and maritime engineering departments. The company carries out projects both for large passenger and merchant ships and for
This Day in Naval History – October 19
1843 - CAPT Robert Stockton in Princeton, the first screw propelled naval steamer, challenges British merchant ship Great Western to a race off New York, which Princeton won easily 1915 - Establishment of Submarine Base at New London, Connecticut. 1944 - Secretary of Navy orders African American women accepted into Naval Reserve. 1987 - Destruction of an Iranian oil-drilling platform used for military purposes.
APL To Train 20 Sri Lankan Seafarers Annually
Collaborates with Sri Lanka's Mahapola Training Institute on training programs COLOMBO, SRI LANKA, 5 APRIL, 2011: APL has agreed with Sri Lanka Port Authority's Mahapola Training Institute to train 20 new seafarers from the Institute annually onboard its ships. The agreement was signed today by APL President Eng Aik Meng, the Sri Lanka Ports Authority and the Directorate General for Merchant Shipping.
This Day in Naval History - March 13
From the Navy News Service: 1895 - The first submarine building contract is awarded to John P. Holland Torpedo Boat Co. 1917 - Armed merchant ships are authorized to take action against U-boats. 1959 - The Naval Research Laboratory takes the first ultraviolet pictures of the sun. 1963 - USS Albany (CG 10) and aircraft from Navy Airborne Early Warning Squadron 4 from Roosevelt Roads, Puerto Rico, aid five ill crew members of Norwegian freighter Jotunfjell.
Today in U.S. Naval History: March 13
Today in U.S. Naval History - March 13 1895 - Award of first submarine building contract to John P. Holland Torpedo Boat Co. 1917 - Armed merchant ships authorized to take action against U-boats. 1959 - Naval Research Laboratory takes first ultraviolet pictures of sun. 1963 - USS Albany (CG-10) and aircraft from Navy Airborne Early Warning Squadron Four from Roosevelt Roads, Puerto Rico aid five ill crewmembers of Norwegian freighter Jotunfjell.
Today in U.S. Naval History: May 12
Today in U.S. Naval History - May 12 1780 - Fall of Charleston, SC; three Continental Navy frigates (Boston, Providence, and Ranger) captured; and one American frigate (Queen of France) sunk to prevent capture 1846 - U.S. declares war against Mexico 1975 - SS Mayaguez seized by Khmer Rouge and escorted to Koh Tang Island. 1986 - Destroyer USS David R. Ray deters an Iranian Navy attempt to board a U.S. merchant ship.
Cargo Ship Disabled near Great Barrier Reef
A general cargo vessel experiencing mechanical issues near the Great Barrier Reef is under tow, the response coordinator Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) reported. Antigua and Barbuda flagged general cargo vessel, Thor Commander
Vindskip: Wind-powered Containership Concept
The Vindskip, designed by Lade AS, comes to rescue and bring wind power back into action. It uses a hull designed to act as a so-called airfoil, or giant sail. The Oslo-based company, the makers of the wind-powered hybrid merchant ship, said that while engines are still needed
US Visa Initiative for Ethiopian Seafarers
The Ethiopian Maritime Training Institute (EMTI) has welcomed an initiative by the United States that will provide Ethiopian seafarers with a new class of C1/D visas. The new C1/D visas issued to Ethiopian crewmembers will now be valid for two years.
Oil Tankers are Front Line of Libya's Struggles
Crew members killed in tanker attack this month; West fears worsening violence could lead to civil war. Oil shippers face higher costs and the possible loss of insurance cover on Libyan voyages, caught in a struggle between the rival governments there and threatened by air attacks.
Inmarsat Maritime Takes Distribution Partner
Inmarsat has appointed SpeedCast International Limited (SpeedCast), a leading global network and satellite communications service provider, as a Distribution Partner (DP) for its flagship maritime service, FleetBroadband, and Fleet One
MacGregor Appoints 2 New VPs
MacGregor is presently building its new Global Lifecycle Support organisation to develop and enhance customer service both in the merchant shipping and offshore markets. The installed base of MacGregor's product portfolio of strong MacGregor, Hatlapa, Porsgrunn
IMO, UN Agencies Address Maritime Migration
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has joined with other UN agencies in calling for concerted action from the international community to address the problem of the loss of life, injury, trauma and serious human rights violations affecting migrants
Call on Governments to Address Migrants at Sea Crisis
Speaking at a high level Dialogue on Protection at Sea, hosted by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Geneva, the International Chamber of Shipping (ICS) has called on governments to address the growing refugee and migrant crisis in the Mediterranean.
Six Japanese Bulkers Fitted with BWMS
Wärtsilä ballast water management systems will enable Japanese bulk carriers to achieve compliance with environmental regulations Six new bulk carriers being built at the Namura and Onomichi shipyards in Japan are to be fitted with 12 Wärtsilä Aquarius UV ballast water
ABB Tromsø Service Point a Boon
Launching its most northerly Service Point in Tromsø, Norway, ABB Turbocharging reduces customer overhaul turn-around time from as much as one week down to a day. The launch of this Service Point on December 11, 2014 has allowed ABB Turbocharging to further meet customer
USCG Addresses Future of Marine Fuels
The future of marine fuels from the Liquefied Gas Carrier National Center of Expertise The Pacific Merchant Shipping Association hosted The Future of Marine Fuels: Emission Control Area and Liquefied Natural Gas Conference in San Pedro, California on December 4, 2014. Representing the U.S
Sekimizu Welcomes Shipper's Revised Stance on Ballast Water
IMO Secretary-General Koji Sekimizu has welcomed the reconsideration by the International Chamber of Shipping (ICS) of its position towards the ratification by Governments of the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments
8 Foreign Flagged Ships Detained in UK
Eight foreign flagged ships were under detention in UK ports during November 2014 after failing Port State Control (PSC) inspection. During November, there were 6 new detentions of foreign flagged vessels in a UK port. 2 vessels remained under detention from previous months and 5
Five Dead, 22 Remain on Board Stricken Ferry
Fire started in early hours of Sunday; rescue efforts hampered by bad weather. Five people were confirmed to have died in car ferry that caught fire off the coast of Greece and rescue teams were working to save another 22 still stranded on board more than 24 hours after the blaze started
Merchant Ships Collide, Six Feared Dead
Two people drowned and four were missing at sea and feared dead after two merchant ships collided in rough seas off the Italian coast on Sunday, Italian officials said. A Turkish ship with 11 crew members sank after the collision with a vessel carrying a Belize flag in poor visibility a mile


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Japan supplier exec indicted in price fixing
An executive at Japan's Tokai Rika Co. — a supplier to Toyota Motor Corp. — was indicted Thursday by a federal grand jury in Detroit for conspiracy to fix prices and obstruction of justice.
After Tokai Rika pleaded guilty in 2012 to a U.S. Department of Justice charge of price fixing and paid a criminal fine of $17.7 million, former Executive Managing Director Hitoshi Hirano is being charged with participating in conspiracies to fix the prices of heating control panels and having employees destroy evidence of antitrust criminal behavior, the government said in a statement.
According to the indictment, Hirano met with other conspirators from October 2003 to February 2010 to agree to rig bids, allocate the supply and fix prices of the panels sold to Toyota for vehicles in the United States and other countries. The charge has a maximum sentence of 10 years and a $1 million criminal fine.
Besides Tokai Rika, 26 suppliers, most Japanese, have pleaded guilty or agreed to plead guilty to similar charges, totaling $2.3 billion in criminal fines. Thirty-four other supplier executives have also been charged with price fixing. Twenty-four have pleaded guilty or have agreed to plead guilty, and 22 have been sentenced to one-two years in prison.
Related Content:
- Lear reports spike in 4th quarter profit
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- Detroit auto show attendance surpasses 808,000 visitors
- Ally CEO surprised by GM's lease incentives move to GM Financial
- Denso to expand in Tennessee
- TI Automotive to be acquired by Bain Capital
- Cooper-Standard hires new CFO
- Japanese supplier with Plymouth Township office to pay $3.2M in price-fixing investigation
- Oakland County sees $171M in foreign investment in 2014; Europe and Asia focus for 2015
- ESD to honor ex-GM tech center chief Poston for work in plastics


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In a recently released year-in-review video posted to its YouTube channel, South Carolina Electric & Gas Company (SCE&G), principal subsidiary of SCANA Corporation (NYSE:SCG), spotlights the work accomplished in 2014 on its nuclear construction site at V.C. Summer Nuclear Station. Read the full release (PDF, 207KB)
See all recent news and updates.


text:
I just bought my first 1.5 SLE and my question is this:
The kite is supposed to have a wind range of 4-25 mph. Will my included 90 lb spectra line cope with 25 mph or do I need to swap them for a stronger set? If so, at what windspeed and what line strength will I need?
Hope someone can help!
Member Since 04 Apr 2008Offline Last Active Apr 08 2008 12:13 PM


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COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. (AP) - The man who apparently mistook his stepdaughter for a burglar when he shot and killed her at their Colorado Springs home was identified Monday as a decorated Fort Carson soldier who served in Iraq.
WASHINGTON (AP) - Certain current or former heavy smokers should start getting yearly scans for lung cancer to cut their risk of death from the nation's top cancer killer, government advisers said Monday - even as they stressed that the tests aren't for everyone.
HONOLULU (AP) - A Hawaii woman whose last name is 36 characters long has finally gotten the whole thing to fit on her driver's license and state identification card.
BOSTON (AP) - The father of a Chechen man shot to death by authorities in Florida while being questioned in the Boston Marathon bombing investigation has written to President Barack Obama asking for help finding out what happened.
WASHINGTON (AP) - A global retirement crisis is bearing down on workers of all ages.
Americans' dreams of the "golden years" have increasingly become tarnished by harsh financial realities.
LONDON (AP) - A German magazine lifted the lid on the operations of the National Security Agency's hacking unit Sunday, reporting that American spies intercept computer deliveries, exploit hardware vulnerabilities, and even hijack Microsoft's internal reporting system to spy on their targets.
HONOLULU (AP) - A December surge propelled health care sign-ups through the government's rehabilitated website past the 1 million mark, the Obama administration said Sunday, reflecting new vigor for the problem-plagued federal insurance market.
GRINNELL, Iowa (AP) - An Iowa college known for liberal activism is welcoming an unlikely neighbor: one of the nation's largest suppliers of high-capacity ammunition magazines and accessories for assault rifles and other guns.
OKLAHOMA CITY (AP) - The U.S. Geological Survey says a 4.1 magnitude earthquake rattled an area about 30 miles north-northeast of Oklahoma City early Sunday and was followed by a smaller quake hours later in the state. There were no reports of any injuries or damages from either temblor.
WESTMINSTER, Calif. (AP) - The end of unemployment checks for more than a million people on Saturday is driving out-of-work Americans to consider selling cars, moving and taking minimum wage work after already slashing household budgets and pawning personal possessions to make ends meet.
DENVER (AP) - A gleaming white Apple store of weed is how Andy Williams sees his new Denver marijuana dispensary.
WASHINGTON, D.C. (AP) - The Boy Scouts of America will accept openly gay youths starting on New Year's Day, a historic change that has prompted the BSA to ponder a host of potential complications - ranging from policies on tentmates and showers to whether Scouts can march in gay pride parades.
RENO, Nev. (AP) - Nevada officials have launched a new bid to give Mark Twain recognition in the state where he assumed his pen name 150 years ago, but it doesn't come without opposition.
EAST LANSING, Mich. (AP) - Staring at a sixth day without power in a house as cold as a refrigerator, a frustrated John Johnson finally was able to borrow a generator from a neighbor Friday.
CHALLIS, Idaho (AP) - A 4.9 magnitude earthquake in a remote Idaho county triggered rock slides that blocked some road lanes Saturday but did not cause any major damage or injuries.
CHICAGO (AP) - The Midwest and eastern parts of the U.S. on Sunday braced for Arctic temperatures that were expected to arrive during the next few days.
LAS VEGAS (AP) - While the gadgets of the future are only just arriving in Las Vegas for the annual International CES show, officials at the city's main airport are updating a decades-old terminal to cater to legions of tech-savvy travelers.
NEW YORK (AP) - Thousands of police turned their backs Sunday as Mayor Bill de Blasio eulogized an officer shot dead with his partner, repeating a stinging display of scorn for the mayor despite entreaties to put anger aside.
ANCHORAGE, Alasla (AP) - A photo of Sarah Palin's young son standing on a dog to reach the kitchen sink is drawing sharp reaction.
NEW YORK (AP) - Donna Douglas, who played the buxom tomboy Elly May Clampett on the hit 1960s sitcom "The Beverly Hillbillies," has died.
BETTENDORF, Iowa (AP) - When Jim Foster opened his piano store 30 years ago, he had 10 competitors selling just pianos.
PHOENIX (AP) - Phoenix police say two officers' decision to pay for a troubled man's restaurant tab led to his being arrested in his roommate's stabbing death.
HONOLULU (AP) - Opening a new front in its cyber spat with North Korea, the United States slapped new sanctions Friday on government officials and the North's defense industry in its first public act of retribution for a cyberattack against Sony. Despite lingering doubts by the cyber community, the U.S. insisted that North Korea was to blame.
CHICAGO (AP) - Randy Gross hopes a new law allowing children into Illinois' medical marijuana program will reunite his family, nearly a year after his wife moved to Colorado so their son could receive a controversial treatment to ease his epileptic seizures.
LIVINGSTON, Mont. (AP) - As people across the United States struggle to stick to their New Year's Resolutions, an 11-year-old Montana boy is offering lessons in self-discipline and delayed gratification after winning a $500 prize from his parents for skipping sugary drinks for a year.
EDDYVILLE, Ky. (AP) - A 7-year-old girl survived a plane crash that killed four people Friday night, and the disoriented little girl walked away from the wreckage and reported the crash to a local resident, authorities said.
NEW YORK (AP) - A mentally ill inmate who hanged himself on New Year's Day in a Rikers Island jail cell was supposed to be placed on suicide watch, but it wasn't implemented, two city officials told The Associated Press on Friday.
LAS VEGAS (AP) - A Canadian tourist stuck dangling from a Las Vegas zip line about 80 feet above a street for nearly an hour is back on solid ground after being rescued by firefighters.
SACRAMENTO . (AP) - A practice of withholding calls and visits at a new psychiatric unit on death row at San Quentin State Prison can discourage inmates from seeking the treatment they need, a court-appointed overseer said this week.


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Dr. David H. Hall, MD
Family Medicine, Novant Health Matthews Family Physicians
- 1450 Matthews Township Pkwy Ste 450
Matthews, NC 28105 - 1 Office Location
- (704) 384-8480
Dr. David H. Hall graduated from the Duke University School of Medicine in 1984. He works in Matthews, NC and specializes in Family Medicine. Dr. Hall is affiliated with Novant Health Matthews Medical Center.
Gender: Male
Years in Practice: 31 Years
Languages Spoken: English
Medical School: Duke University School of Medicine
Graduation Date: 1984
Hospital Affiliations: Novant Health Matthews Medical Center
Specialties: Family Medicine