text:
SHIVAJI ( Part 2 )
Encounter with Shaista Khan
Shaista Khan (Mirza Abu Talib), the experienced mughal subhedar of Bengal, was deputed by Aurangzeb to bring Shivaji to book. He had earlier helped Aurangzeb against Dara Shaikoh. Shaista Khan for his services was made the Viceroy of Deccan and sent to subdue Shivaji.
Note: Shaista khan was the brother of Mumtaz Mahal (wife of Shah Jehan) and nephew of Nur Jehan (wife of Jehangir). He had also been a part of the Deccan mission sent by ShahJehan to subdue Shahajiraje Bhosale (father of Shivaji).
While Shivaji was resisting Siddi Jauhar of Bijapur, Shaista Khan was approaching Deccan, with his huge army. He reached Aurangabad in January 1660. He marched further to Ahmednagar, encamped at a deserted mudfort in Supa(25th February) , then left for another dilapidated fort at Baramati (5 th April), then Nira (all the while deputing officers to administer those areas) , and finally arrived at Shirwal (18 th April). His lieutenants wrecked havoc on the villages near Shirval. The Marathas tried to attack the mughal camp, but were repelled.
Shaista Khan then advanced to Puna or present day Pune (9th May). He lodged inside the �Lal Mahal� , where Shivaji had spent his childhood. He further instructed his men to lay siege at Chakan near Puna.Large artillery was used in this siege. An large force of twenty thousand men were used by the mughals in this seige. Inspite of the odd numbers, this fort of Chakan was heroically defended by Firangoji Narsala with a small force of three hundred odd men for fifty six days, before it fell to the Mughal cannon fire (15th August 1660).
It has to be remembered that vide the treaty of August 1657, Bijapur had surendered Konkan to the mughals. But Shivaji had captured and held on to those domains from Kalyan, Bhiwandi and Chaul.Shaista khan wished those regions back from Shivaji. He despatched several of the mughal officers( to wrest Konkan. Kalyan, Bhiwandi and some regions in northern Konkan fell to the mughals.
Now, Shivaji divided his forces into two. One force led by Netaji Palkar was to engage the Mughals. Other led by Shivaji marched south to the Konkan territory of Adilshah. Shivaji�s advance was spectacular. Dabhol, Pali, Sangameshwar, Chiplun, Rajapur fell into his hands & yielded considerable wealth. Shirngarpur fell on 29th April 1661. Shivaji spent summer of 1661 on Wardhangad in Konkan.
In 1661,Maharaja Jaswant Singh of Jodhpur and Jaffar Khan of Malwa were also instructed to come down to Deccan to assist Shaista khan in his campaign against Shivaji.In 1662, the Mughals didn�t have much success in capturing any Maratha forts.The Marathas had avoided pitched battles with the Mughals, so Shaista khan followed a policy of scorching the villages below the forts. A mughal officer, Namdarkhan and others attacked villages between Lohagad, Visapur, and Tung and Tikona. They set alight seventy eighty villages,looting and destroying grain , property.He harassed the villagers to no end, killing several and taking many as prisoners. This took place for two long years. Shivaji relocated many of his villagers, often transferring families to the security of his forts.
Meanwhile ,Shaista Khan, after three years of campaign had become a little complacent. He had retired with his harem to his base in Puna.
On 5 th April 1663, Shivaji did the unthinkable. Shivaji along with a band of selected men, personally launched an commando like operation right in the heart of the enemy camp. He attacked the very residence in Puna where Shaista khan was put up with his family and men. Shaistakhan barely managed to escape with his life (the unconscious Shaista Khan was taken away to safety by his maids), losing in the process, his thumb and two fingers, which Shivaji himself severed from the flighty khan. Shaista khans son Abul Fateh was killed and so were several people from his entourage. The wounded Shaista Khan retreated to the mughal base of Aurangabad.
This sent shock waves right upto Delhi. The fuming emperor Aurangzeb , asked the embarrassed Shaista khan, not to bother coming back to Delhi. He was asked to proceed directly back to Bengal.
Note: To his credit Shaista Khan did a good job in Bengal, building a formidable navy, wresting Sandwip island , Chittagong from the Arakanese(an Burmese kingdom) and later reasserting Mughal control over Kamarup (Assam) and Cooch Behar.He also added greatly to the development of Dhaka (in present day Bangladesh). It is also to be remembered that ShaistaKhan was a part of the army Shah Jehan had sent to subdue Shivajis father Shahaji raje, when he was acting as the regent of the Nizamshahi sultanate.
The ignominy suffered by Shaista Khan created a dampening of spirits in the Mughal ranks. Maharaja Jaswant singh who was left in place of Shaista Khan ,tried to elevate the mood in the Mughal camp through an siege on fort Sinhagad (Kondana). But it too turned out to be an abortive attempt.
Shivaji further added salt to the mughal wounds, when he sacked Surat, a rich and prosperous Mughal port (5th January 1664), in order to compensate for his losses. Its governor, Inayat Khan, proved so incompetent, that he hid in his fort , while Shivaji and his men looted Surat in glee abandon for three whole weeks.
In 1663, Shivaji had already embarked on his Konkan campaign. Bu May 1663, Shivaji had captured Kudal administered by the Desai, Lakham Sawant of Sawantwadi.
Note: Shahaji raje , the father of Shivaji raje, had died on 23 January 1664 in Karnatak, after a fall from his horse.
Adil Shah then sent Aziz Khan to counter Shivaji at Kudal. Shivajis resident, Raoji Pandit had to retreat to Rajapur (May 1664). But an unexpected death of Aziz Khan in July, made Adil Shah send a replacement in the form of Khawas Khan (son of the ex wazir Khan Muhammed, and also the son in law of Rustam e Zaman).
Shivajis kin Baji Ghorpade of Mudhol was also asked to assist Khawas Khan. But before he could join the Khan, Shivaji attacked him at Mudhol. Baji Ghorpade was fatally wounded in that battle and succumbed to his injuries.
Seeing all help cut off, Khawas Khan fled away in December. His other commanders like Lakhm Sawant, Desai Keshav Naik and Keshav Prabhu of Pedhne and Khalu Shenvi of Dicholi also fled into the Portuguese territory of Goa.
Construction of Sindhudurg Fort
On 5 th December 1664 , Shivaji laid the foundation of Fort Sindhudurg in the Malwan region along the Konkan coast. He also streangthened his other naval forts of Vijaydurg (Gheria) and Suvarnadurg.
Shivaji added to his navy several commanders like Darya Sarang,Daulat Khan, Ibrahim Khan (all of whom were incidently muslim.*) and Mainak Bhandari.
*Note: There were many muslims amongst Shivajis forces like Siddi Hillal(cavalry head),Siddi Wahawaha(cavalry),Noorkhan Baig(first sarnobat),Madari Mehtar(bodyguard, especially during Shivajis Agra visit),Kazi Haider(secretary),Shama khan(sardar),Siddi Ambar Wahad,Hussain Faan Miyana(officer), Darya sarang/Ibrahim khan/Siddi Sambal (who was previously a part of the Siddis of Janjira but later shifted loyalties to Shivaji/Siddi Misri (the nephew of Siddi sambal)/Sultan khan/Daud khan(navy officer),Daulat khan(admiral),7 cavalry regiments,700 Pathans,besides many muslims in the maratha navy.This should prove that Shivaji wasn�t just a leader of Hindus only but had followers from all religions and regions (including Abyssinians like the Siddis, the Portuguese and the English).
While Shivajis troops were raiding the Bijapur towns of Hubli and Khanapur, Shivaji launched a naval expedition to the prosperous town of Basrur (Bidnur province of Kanara coast) in Feb 1665. He plundered the rich town and carried off a large booty.
Thus whatever losses Shivaji suffered during the Bijapur and Mughal onslaughts, he compensated for them from the booty he recovered from Surat and Basrur.
This time Aurangzeb sent one of his most trusted generals, Mirza Raje Jaisingh, the Raja of Amber with a huge army to subdue the Deccan. Raje Jaisingh was an seasoned military commander. He didn�t underestimate Shivaji and devised a multi pronged approach to subdue him.he isolated Shivaji. He firstly consolidated the mughal bases in the plains, Kalyan, and Bhiwandi. Secondly he isolated Shivaji by engaging Adilshah and the Portuguese in treaties , whereby they would neither directly nor indirectly assist Shivaji or divert his attention by attacking the Mughals, nor allow safe passage for Shivaji through their territories (though Adilshah was Shivajis enemy, he could have grouped with Shivaji to ward of an mughal attack into Deccan). He bribed some of Shivajis men and induced them to switch sides. Jaisingh also invited the Siddis of Janjira to assist him in his endeavours against Shivaji.
Note:Also assisting Jaisingh was another stalwart from the Mughal camp, Diler Khan the Pathan, and seasoned warriors like Jaisinghs son Kirat Singh,Qabad Khan,Mitrasen,Indraman Bundela,Raja Raisingh Rathore, Badal Bakhtiyar,Udaibhan and Haribhan Gaur,Syed Munawarkhan Barha,Sharzakhan,Hassankhan,Jauharkhan,Jagatsingh,Ram singh,Muhammed Saleh Tarkhan,Raja Narsingh Gaur,Syed Maqbool Alam,Karan Rathore,Hussain Daudzai,Jagat singh Narwari,Rasul Beg Rozwani, Chaturbhuj Chauhan,Qutubbuddin Khan, Amarsingh Chandrawat,Syed Zainulabbuddin Bukhari,Achal singh Kachwaha,Qubadkhan,Abul Qasim,Abdullah,Ranadullah,Khwaja Abul Makrim , Raji Afzal Bijapuri,Bhai Afzal Bijapuri,Rasulbeg Rozbhani,Purdilkhan, Shubhkaran Bundela,Bhupat singh,Zabardastkhan,Atishkhan,Turkataz khan and Daud Khan (etc).
This massive mughal army swarmed down the Maratha territory capturing fort Rudramal (14th April 1665), and fort Kunwari (30th April), and simultaneously wrecking havoc on the villages below Shivajis various forts like Rajgad,Lohagad etc. Seige was also mounted at fort Purander. Murarbaji Deshpande, an Maratha commander displayed exlemprary courage during this siege, thwarting the Mughal attempts to surmount the fort.He even spurned Mughal overtures and sacrificed his life, gallantly defending the fort.
By now, Shivaji had realised this was not an enemy he can wish away, and thought it prudent to announce a surrender rather than risk further destruction to his forts and his people. He handed over fort Purander along with twenty two other forts to the mughals on 11th June 1665 as per the agreement now known as the Treaty of Purandar. Shivaji was also to become mughal vassal and assist them in conquering the south starting with Bijapur.
Note: The forts ceded by Shivaji were Purandar,Rudramal or Vajragad,Kondana,Rohida,Lohagad,Visapur,Tung,Tikona,Khandkala,Mahuli, Muranjan,Kohaj,Karnala,Songad,Palasgad,Bhandargad,Khirdurg,Nardurg,Vasantgad,Nangagad,Ankola or Khaigad,Margagad and Mangad.
Shivaji was allowed to retain twelve forts namely Rajgad,Torna,Hingangad,Bhorap,Talegad,Mahagad,Ghosala,Birwadi,Pali,Rairi,Kunwarigad and Udaid.
What followed was Shivajis brief and reluctant affair with the Mughals. Shivaji had to spend almost three moths in the mughal camp, fighting alongside them against Bijapur.Shivajis general Netaji was sent to reduce Phaltan, which was under Shivajis brother in law Bajaji Nimbalkar. On 7th Dec 1665, Nimbalkar surrendered theAdilshahi fort to Netaji. Shivaji had meanwhile captured Tathawda near Phaltan.Netaji again added Mangalvedha in the mughal kitty on 19th Dec. Soon Khatav was captured.
Meanwhile a strong contingent from Bijapur was sent to repulse the Mughal attack(25th Dec 1665). It included the Wazir Abul Muhammed, Sharza Khan Mehdvi,Khawaskhan,Kalyanrao Jadhav,Yaqut Habshi,Ikhlas Khan,Bahlol Khan,Aziz,Siddi Masud (son in law of Siddi Jauhar),Abdul Aziz (son of Siddi Jauhar), Rustam Zaman (son of Ranadaullah Khan) and Vyankoji Bhosale (Shivajis step brother who was on the Adilshahi side).Also sent to assist the Bijapuris was an contingent from Golkunda . The Bijapur army was initially repulsed by Kirat singh(son of Jaisingh),Shivaji,Netaji Palkar,Sarfaraz khan,Salabat Khan and others leading the combined Mughal Maratha armies.
Netaji Palkar was awarded an mansab of 2 Hazari ( 2000 horsemen) for his bravery. But apparently Netaji Palkar wasn�t happy with this offer and when he was offered a better deal by the Bijapuris (4 lakh huns) ,he crossed over to their side.There is also a version wherein Netaji (or his brother in law) had failed to come to the assistance of Shivaji during his siege of Panhala, and for the same Shivaji had him replaced as his �sarlashkar� by Prataprao Gujar (ref. J.Sarkar).
Note1: Later, Jaisingh couldn�t afford to let a valuable asset like Netaji Palkar go to the other side, so he increased his offer to 5 Hazari and once again brought Netaji Palkar to the mughal side (March 1666). Netaji converted to Islam (He was renamed Muhammed Quli Khan) and after that, Netaji was hastened off to an expedition to Afghanistan. It is alluded by many historians that Netaji Palkar switched sides as per a secret understanding with Shivaji, and this was a part of Shivajis bigger game plan.But there are many opposing this theory and have stated that Netaji deserted Shivaji after an personal fallout. Whatever maybe the fact, Netaji did cross over to the other side.
Note2:Netaji Palkar was later to be reconverted to the Hindu fold by Shivaji, after he returned back to the Maratha side in 1676.
Meanwhile, Shivaji was feeling restless and also insecure in the mughal camp. He feared a attack on his life. It is to be noted that as per the memoirs of Niccoli Mannuci who then was acting as an envoy of Jaisingh, Dilerkhan wished to murder Shivaji, but Jaisingh had strictly prohibited it. So Shivaji requested Jaisingh that he should be allowed to be detached from the Mughal contingent and sent separately to attack fort Panhala. But as stated earlier Shivajis attempts to capture Panhala failed, and Shivaji sullenly retreated to his fort Vishalgad.
Meanwhile, the Bijapuris had realized they couldn�t take on the mughal might in pitched battles.What was followed later by the Bijapuris was the scorched earth policy supplemented by gureilla tactics.They cut the supply lines of the Mughals, and also indulged in daring hit and run attacks on the Mughal camps.They frustrated the mughal designs of victory and soon forced their army to flee. Shivajis attack on Panhala fort too was repulsed(16th Jan 1666). Jaisingh finally had to accept defeat against the Bijapuris and decided to withdraw his forces. Bijapuris under Rustam Zaman later captured Phonda,Kudal,Pedne,Bhatagram and Sattar (which had earlier been in Maratha control).The Bijapuris were helped secretly by the Portuguese in these endeavours.
Note: It is interesting to note Rustam Zaman left the fort of Rangna for Shivaji, much to the annoyance of Adilshah, which only goes to prove Shivajis secret understanding with this Adilshahi commander.
Thus inspite of a victory over the Marathas, Mirza Raje Jaisingh wasn�t very successful against the Bijapuris and had to return leaving his Deccan campaign incomplete.
Note: Mirza Raje Jaisingh continued as the governor of Deccan and was successful to the extent of extracting a pledge from the Bijapur sultanate, whereby they agreed to pay an annual tribute to the mughals. After Shivajis escape from Agra, Jaisingh and his son Ramsingh fell from the graces of Aurangzeb and were penalised for the losses. Jaisingh was soon recalled from Deccan and Aurangzeb sent his son Prince Muazzam as an replacement along with Raja Jaswant singh ( as his adviser ). But before Raja Jaisingh could return to Delhi, he fell ill and died in Burhanpur.
Shivajis trip to Agra, his house arrest and subsequent escape
Jaisingh had requested Shivaji to meet Emperor Aurangzeb at Agra to discuss the modalities of his treaty of Purander and was also promised the Viceroyality of Deccan. Jaisingh even gave his personal word of honour that Shivaji will be protected during his Delhi trip and that he or his men wont be harmed in anyway. For his Agra trip he was even sanctioned a huge amount(one lakh rupees from the Aurangabad treasury) to pay for his contingents (8 elephants,500 horsemen and 500 footsoldiers. He was also accompanied by his eldest son Sambhaji) trip to Agra. Shivaji thus set off for Agra from Fort Rajgadh on 5th March 1666.
Shivaji was received in Agra by Ramsingh the son of Mirza Raje Jaisingh on 12th May 1666. He was soon granted an audience in Aurangzebs court. But the meeting with the emperor was soon to go awfully wrong. Apparently in the court Aurangzeb took no notice of Shivaji and Shivaji was made to stand in a row which was meant for the 5 hazari courtiers. This irked the self respecting Shivaji to no end. He angrily remarked to Ramsingh that Aurangzeb has insulted him by making him stand behind people whom he has made to flee in the battlefield. Saying this Shivaji and his son walked away from the durbar in a huff.
Predictably Shivaji and his men were put under house arrest by Aurangzeb. Ramsingh pleaded mercy on behalf of Shivaji, but it wasn�t heeded to. Apparently, Aurangzeb had decided to murder Shivaji for his insolence. An heavily armed unit guarded the house where Shivaji was lodged. But Shivaji was not the man who could be held in confinement for long.His sharp mind soon devised a plan to escape. Shivaji initially first feigned illness. He also spent his time in meditation, as if he had turned into a recluse.He even spread rumours that he wanted to spend his last days as a hermit. Shivaji then started sending huge baskets filled with sweets and eatables for the poor and the holy men of Agra. Initially the baskets were checked , but as days passed by, the patrols became negligent. After making sure that the men outside have become complacent, Shivaji and his son Sambhaji, seated themselves in those wooden baskets and escaped from the mansion.Then, entrusting the young Sambhaji in a house of a confidante Brahmin, Shivaji escaped in disguise from Agra. Shivajis daring escape from Agra made him an subject of folklore, to be balladised for centuries to come.
Shivaji returned back to Rajgadh on 20th November, 1666.
Shivaji maintained a low profile for the next three years. But these three years, Shivaji utilized for consolidating his position in Maharashtra. He reorganized his forces. Shivaji wanted to regain his lost territory,mainly at the expense of the Bijapuris especially around the Goa Konkan strip. He also wanted to attack the Siddi at Janjira, but the Mughals were proving to be the impediments. But what disturbed Shivaji was Aurangzebs Islamic zeal whereby he had started demolishing Hindu temples and indulging in forcible conversions (ref.Pagadi, letter of President Gary of Surat). The Kashi Vishwanath temple at Varanasi was sacked by the Mughals. This affected Shivajis religious sensibilities. Also the Mughal empire was facing disturbances from other quarters. Aurangzeb was facing disturbances in Afghanistan and Mathura. Aurangzeb was also paranoid about the activities of his son Prince Muazzam the governor of Deccan. Also things weren�t well in the mughal camp. Muazzam and Jaswant singh had antipathy towards another mughal commander Diler khan. The mughals were in a disarray. This was an opportune time to strike at the Mughals. In January 1670, Shivaji launched his attacks on the mughal garrisons.Kondana was captured on 4th Feb 1670, Purandar on 8th March,Mahuli fell to the Marathas on16th June.Rohida, Lohagadh,Prabalgad,Karnala were also captured. Within six months Shivaji had wrested back majority of the territory that he had ceded to Mirza Jaisingh.On third October ,Shivajis men plundered Surat for the second time. The Mughal army was also badly mauled in the battle of Dindori (17th Oct 1670). About a week later Shivajis Peshwa,Moropant Pingale had captured fort Trimbak at Nasik.In Dec 1670, Shivaji himself conducted raids in the Khandesh province. He plundered Bahadurpura near Burhanpur,followed by Berar, then Karinja. Moropant Trimbak Pingale had already looted western Khandesh and Baglana.Salher had also fallen to the Marathas. The mughal power in Maharashtra was now shaken.
Note: Prince Muazzam was recalled afterwards from Deccan and Bahadurkhan was sent as his replacement.
Skirmish with the Portuguese
Shivaji had captured almost all territories near Goa and South Konkan barring Phonda and Jambavali Panchamahal. All the local chieftains (Desais) from these areas fled to Portuguese territories and were harboured by the Portuguese. This created tensions between Shivaji and the Portuguese.In retaliation, Shivaji plundered the Portuguese territory of Bardesh (22 Nov 1667). Finally the Portuguese had to enter into a treaty with Shivaji.
Kondana was a fort that lay on the outskirts of Pune.It was one of the forts ceded to the mughals as per the Purandar treaty.In February 1670, Shivaji sent his trusted commander Tanaji Malusare and his brother Suryaji Malusare to take back Kondana. Tanaji even postponed his sons wedding and gave precedence to duty towards his king. The fort was guarded by a fifteen hundred strong contingent of Rajputs under Udaybhan Rathod. Tanaji and his men climbed the steep mountain slope by hand and fell upon the mughal guards. Udaybhan offered a stiff resistance, In the fight that ensued , both Tanaji and Udaybhan succumbed . But Suryaji carried on the fight and ultimately led the Marathas to a victory. Shivaji on hearing the news of Tanajis death, is said to have exclaimed , � Gadh aalaa pan Sinha gelaa.� (The fort was captured , but the lion died). In the memory of Tanaji Malusare, Kondana was renamed as Sinhagadh.
Sometime in 1671-72 , Shivaji received an unexpected visitor. He was Raja Chatrasal, the young son of Champatrai Bundela, the late chieftain of Mahewa (eastern Bundelkhand). Chatrasal was greatly inspired by Shivajis exploits , and had offered Shivaji his services. Shivaji received him warmly, but told him to return back to his lands and lead his people to independence from the Mughal yoke. Shivaji also promised him all the help in his endeavour. Raja Chatrasal was later to accomplish what Shivaji had directed him to do, and would also become an prominent ally of the Marathas in the years to come.
Note 1: Abdullah Qutubshah of Golkunda died on 21 st April 1672. He was succeeded by his son in law Abul Hasan (Tana Shah).
Note 2 : Ali Adil Shah of Bijapur died on 24th Nov 1672. He was succeeded by Sikandar Adil Shah a boy of four. Khawaskhan the son of the old prime minister, Khan Muhammed Khankhanan become the regent
Note 3: Notable Activities of Marathas in 1672-74 : *Shivaji carried forward naval operations against the Siddis of Janjira and the Mughals in 1672.
* Due to Rustamzamans friendly overtures to Shivaji, Bijapur in middle of 1672 took away Rustamzamans viceroyalty of Kanara region and his areas of Raibag and Hukkeri. Rustam zaman rebelled against the sultan, but his rebellion was crushed.
* Shivaji attackes Bijapur territories again. Panhala was taken over by Shivaji from Bijapur on 6th March 1673. Maratha Sarlashkar Prataprao Gujar engages Bahlol Khan the Pathan commander of Bijapur at the Battle of Umrani in March 1673, but lets off Bahlol Khan. Shivaji is furious with his sarlaskar.But, Prataprao out to reimpose the shaken faith of his master, attacks Bijapur territories in Karnatak. Hubli is attacked.For his failure Muzzafarkhan the Governor of Kanara is sacked. He rebels against Bijapur. Miansaheb, the fauzdar of Karwar too rebels against Bijapur.
* Shivaji captures Parli inApril 1673, and Satara on 27th July 1673.
* Shivaji plunders Bankapur in Dharwar on 10th Oct 1673.
* Shivaji beats the forces of Diler Khan the mughal commander.
* Shivajis Sarlashkar Prataprao Gujar dies in the Battle of Nesari on 24th Feb 1673. Prataprao is succeeded by Hambirao Mohite as the new Sarlashkar( commander in chief) on 8th April 1674.
Untill the death of his father Shahaji, Shivaji had always considered Shahaji as the Raja. Since Shahaji was always a noble in the courts of the sultans, Shivaji was always viewed as a rebel , an upstart, by his enemies and contemporaries. He was never considered a king in the true sense (inspite of the huge territory he had conquered by overaweing three kings). It had become imperative now, that Shivaji should be crowned as a Chatrapati (�Chatra�, here means the royal umbrella and �Pati� is the owner. Hence Chatrapati means the owner of the royal umbrella i.e the King). The idea of Shivaji being declared an king was first mooted by Gaga Bhat an learned Brahmin from Benares (whose family had earlier migrated from Paithan).
On May 1674, Shivaji began preparations for his coronation. As per the hindu rites, he remarried his wives (30th May), performed the sacred thread ceremony (29th May), officialy appointed his own council of ministers, the Ashta Pradhans ( 8 ministers), distributed gifts to his men , the poor and the Brahmins(14th June). Thus Shivaji was officially coronated the King by the Vedic rites. Rajgadh was declared as the capital of his kingdom.
Incidently he was coronated the king for a second time by Tantrik rites (by an Tantrik priest Nischalpuri Gosavi), apparently due to some incidents and tragedies that happened just before and after his coronation.
It is to be noted that, Shivajis mother Jijabai passed away on 18th June 1674. Earlier one of Shivajis Queens , Kashibai too had expired, sometime on 16th March 1674, and also had his sarlashkar Prataprao Gujar ( 24th Feb 1674). During the performance of the rites Gaga Bhat, the Vedic priest, too had met with an minor accident. All these incidents were cited as inauspicious and hence Shivaji was advised a second coronation as per a Tantrik ceremony( ostensibly to pacify the bad omens and the spirits), which took place some time on 24th Sept 1674. Its to be remembered that these were the medieval ages.
Note 1:Notable Activities of Marathas in 1674-76 : In Oct,1674, the Marathas raided Khandesh. On 17th April 1675 Shivaji captured Phonda from Bijapuris. By mid 1675 marathas had occupied Karwar. Kolhapur fell to the Marathas in July 1675. The Marathas also have naval skirmishes with the Siddis of Janjira in Nov 1675. Early 1676, Peshwa Pingale engages Raja of Ramnagar in battle en route to Surat.Shivaji looted Athni in March 1676. By the end of 1676, Shivaji besieges Belgaum and Vayem Rayim.
Note 2: Politics in the Bijapur court intensifies between rival factions, the Deccan faction led by Khawaskhan the regent and the Pathan faction by the Bahlol Khan, leading to open battles between them. Khawaskhan is put to death by the Pathans on 18th January 1676. Now the rival faction of the pathans is led by Siddi Masud.
Note 3: Mughals led by Bahadur Khan siding the Deccan faction, clash with the Pathans in the battle of Indi,13th june 1676. The Pathans have to retreat.
Shivajis Southern campaign (1677-78)
Shivaji embarked on his southern expedition sometime in January 1677. Shivaji knew that the days of Bijapur were numbered, and he wanted to hit the final nail in their coffin , with his southern expedition. The idea was to become the immediate successor to the Bijapur sultanate in the south, before the Mughals caught up.
Shivaji concluded a treaty with the Golkunda Sultan, Abul Hasan (after being received with great pomp in the city of Hyderabad) Shivaji then proceeded to conquer Jinji ( in Tamil Nadu) which he did in May 1677. Jinji was to serve as the southern capital of the Marathas for the next twenty seven years. Lakshmishwar, Belvadi,the central and eastern regions of Mysore,Kopal,Bellary,Chitaldurg and Vellore also fell to Shivaji.
Shivaji had a brief altercation with his step brother Vyankoji (who had by now established his rule in Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu). It was an dispute over Shahajis legacy and estate in Karnatak.But eventually both the brothers had an amicable settlement.
All in all, the southern expedition proved very fruitfull for Shivaji.
Shivajis son Sambhaji joins the Mughals
Sambhaji, the eldest son of Shivaji was developing serious frictions with his step mother, Soyarabai, who wanted to install her own son Rajaram on the Maratha throne. Also to add fuel to the fire were certain incidents that took place due to Sambhajis amorous leanings and vices (this is as per some historians, but this is something that has been strongly contested by another section of historians), something which Shivaji strongly disapproved of. The differences between father and son reached a point , where Sambhaji, took off to join the Mughals (during Shivajis southern expedition), sometime in Dec,1678. But within a year the impetuous prince realized his folly and returned back to the Maratha camp.
Shivajis altercation with the English
Shivaji had an brief altercation with the English over the island of Khanderi sometime towards the end of 1679 and the start of 1680. Shivajis admiral Daulat Khan , successfully defeated the English in a few naval battles, forcing the English to accept defeat and hasten a treaty with Shivaji.
Death of Shivaji
Shivajis last two years were spent engaging the Mughals, the Siddis of Janjira and the English. (During his last years fearing an mughal invasion of Bijapur , its regent Siddi Masud made a treaty with Shivaji, whereby Shivaji delivered help to the kingdom).
The fatigues of constant wars had taken their toll on Shivaji. He fell ill due to heat strokes and ailment described as fever and blood dysentery. Shivaji breathed his last on 3 rd April 1680. An eventfull life was cut short at the age of fifty three.
To be concluded
Part 3 will be an analysis of Shivaji life, his men, his family , his character and his rule.
Shivaji (Part 3)
Shivajis Character and personal attributes
An AnalysisShivaji was a person of impeccable character. This probably was something to do with the upbringing of his mother, Jijabai. She had raised him to be a man of virtuosity and instilled the values of rectitude in Shivaji. He was always conscious of the honour of the womenfolk. Shivaji was very chivalrous in his behavior towards them. He never gave a free rein to his lust and also expected the same moral high standards from his men. He had issued orders to his army, that no womenfolk were to be touched during raids in the enemy territory. There are records of him having punished even his close relatives for moral misdemeanor against women. There are stories of him returning the captive daughter in law of the muslim governor of Kalyan (who was taken a prisoner during a raid), unharmed and with due honour.Shivaji was a great judge of human character. No wonder he was able to hand pick gems amongst the people that ably supported him in his goal of swarajya. He inspired people with his personal morality and loftiness of aim, and people willingly gave their lives for his cause.Shivajis bravery is also without doubt, after all he dared to challenge the supremacy of two great powers, when his contemporaries preffered meek submission to them. But at the same time Shivaji was never reckless.When times arose, he always thought it prudent to retreat, rather than to risk lives. But after waiting patiently for the right opportunity , he struck back at the enemy with an equal vigour.His military astuteness is also very evident. Shivaji was famous for the swift movements of his army, his shock and awe attacks on the enemy camp, and his gureilla tactics while taking on a powerfull enemy. He ensured that his army always travelled light, unlike the heavy entourage accompanying the Mughals. His armymen were never allowed to take their families along with them. This ensured rapid mobility for his army. Shivaji was also a master tactician, who took into consideration the geographical locations before launching attacks , the enemies weaknesses and streangths (estimated on basis of the information of his ever vigilant spy network).Shivaji was very austere in his tastes. He never spent lavishly constructing magnificent palaces, rather he spent his wealth constructing strong and practical forts which proved a security for his kingdom. Shivaji was devoid of vices. He never indulged himself in the worldly pleasures, rather he preferred spending his time and money on his people and their welfare. He lived his life like a puritan as per the code of morality set up by his mother Jijabai and his spiritual guru Ramdas Swami.Shivajis greatness is not gauged from the territory he added , nor by the treasure he left behind, but as J.Sarkar says, from the survey of the conditions amidst which he rose to sovegreignty. His other achievement was the feeling he gave his Ryot, that the kingdom he has formed is their own kingdom, created for their well being. Shivaji was a devoted son, very respectfull towards his elders and seers, a loving husband, a doting father. Shivaji had in him all the prerequisites of an ideal man (a Maryada Purushottam like Lord Ram)No wonder Shivaji is deified as a demi God (till date) in his state .ADDENDUM
Shivajis Religious policyShivaji though a devout Hindu, had a very liberal policy towards other religions. Shivajis spiritual teacher was Swami Ramdas, whom he had had seated in the Parali fort, later named Sajjangadh. But Shivaji had tremendous reverence towards seers of other faiths as well like Pir Baba Yakut a Sufi saint. Shivajis respect for the holy book Quran is even conceded by his critic the mughal historian Khafi Khan. Shivaji had given standing instructions to his men, that in any encounter, if they came across any holy book including the Quran, it was not to be defiled, but treated with utmost respect. Also religious places belonging to other faiths were not to be desecrated.At the same time Shivaji was a proud Hindu, and was always quick to take up the Hindu cause. When Aurangzeb levied the Jaziya Tax on his non muslim subjects, Shivaji sent him a bold letter castigating him for his intolerance and bigotry. But Shivaji himself never was fanatical about his religion. He never advocated forcefull conversions to Hinduism. He allowed people of other faiths to practice their religion without the fear of persecution. No wonder he had such a large number of Muslim officers in his army, even in the highest ranks.
Pic: Shivaji coin, courtesy Atul Kajale
Shivajis Army Organisation
* Achalgiri* Ahivantgad* Ankole-Koat* Kurudu or Mandargad* Kushtarga Koat* Kechar Koat* Kopalgad* Kondhana or Shingad* Khelna or Vishalgad* Dhangad* Chandan* Chaud or Prasanngad* Jaygad* Javalegad* Jivdhan* Mahulegad* Mangalur Koat* Yelbargigad* Rasalgad* Rangana or Parshidhagad* Rohidagad* Thakarigad* Tanvada* Trimbak or Shrigad* Noobadgad* Panalgad* Paraligad or Sajjangad* Pali or Sarasgad* Pandavgad* Purandhar* Phonda Koat* Bahadurgad* Bhorap or Sudhagad* Madgirigad* Manohargad* Masitwade or Mangad* Vandangad* Shiveshavar Koat* Satargad* Salerigad* Salobhagad* Lavadkoat* Linganagad* Lohagad* Valabhagad* Hadpsar or Parvatgad* Harushgad* HaliyalForts Shivahi built / reconstructed* Anjanveli* Kthorgad* Kankandrigad* Kapalgad* Kamargad* Kamalgad* Kalanidhigad* Kambalgad* Kangori or Mangalgad* Kanchangad* Kangorigad* Kunjargad* Kelanja* Kothalagad* Kohajgad* Kholgad* Gagangad* Gajendragad* Gadagad* Gahangad* Gandharvagad* Gambhirgad* Janjire Kulaba* Janjire Khanderi* Janjire Ratanagiri* Bhaskargad* Bhivgad* Janjire Vijayduraga* Janjire Shindhuduraga* Janjire Suvarnadurga* Dholagad* Tikona or Vitandgad* Tunggad or Kathingad* Torana or Prachandgad* Dahigad* Nargundgad or Mahadgad* Nanchanagad* Nakgad* Patgad* Patakagad* Padmagad* Pavitragad* Pargad* Pavangad* Prachitgad* Pratapgad* Prondagad* Balvantgad* Bahiravgad or saranga* Bahulgad* Baleraja* Botgiri Koat* Ramsejgad* Rudramalgad* Bhudargad* Bhushangad* Machaindragad* Madangad* Mardangad* Manranjangad* Mahindragad* Mayorgad or Navalgund* Mahipatgad* Mahipalgad* Mahimangad* Mangalgad* Mandangad* Mandargad* Manikgad* Murgod* Mohangad* Yelurkoat* Rajegad* Ravalagad* Rajkot* Rajgad* Ramdurga* Sundargad* Sevanagad* Sevakgad* Lokalgad* Loanjagad* Vardhangad* Vangad* Vasantgad* Valabhagad* Varugad* Vasota or Vyagragad* Virgad or Ghosala* Vairatgad* Venktgad* Shrigaldavagad* Shrimantgad* Shrivardangad* Sabalgad* Sargad* Sahangad* Samangad* Sarangagad* Sindhichangad* Sidhagad* Subakargad* Sumangad* Surgad* Songad*HarishachandragadOther Gadkot forts in Kingdom of Shivaji* Arkotgad* Karnatakagad* Kasturigad* Kevalgad* Krishnagiri chandi* Krushnagiri gad* Kujargad* Gagangad* Gavargad chandi* Chavi kot* chelgadchandi* Chintahar kot* Jagadevgad* Trichandikot* Trikalur* Trimalkot* Devgad* Prabalgad* Prangad* Bahiravgad* Birge Valugugad* Madgad* Mangad* Malakarajungad* Malharrajgad* Martandgad* Yeshvantgad* Ratangad* Ranjangad* Ramgad* Lavvad chandi* Vishalgad* Vetaval or kemal* Vrudhacalkot* Devanapati kot* Sarangadchandi* Sidhagad* Sudarshangad* Subhakot* NilsajitgadForts in Karanataka Region* Shrivardhangad* Ahinijadurga* Akatigad* Arajungad* Bramagad* Bhanjangad* Banturgad* Bhaskargad* Kattargad* Kailasgad* Kolar Kadim* Kolhar* Ganeshgad* Chandangad* Thamakurkoat* Durgamgad* Nandigad* Padavirgad* Palegad* Pimpala or Prakashgad* Balapur Bhor* Bindanur* Bhuravdgad* Bundikot* Bhimagad Near Kapsheri* Bhumandangad* Makarandgad* Mardangad* Mandonmattgad chandi* Mahipalgad* Mahimandangad* Mukhanegad Kotvel* Mej Kolhargad* Yelur Kot* Rajgad Chandi* Vajragad* Saragad* Soamshankargad* Hatmalgad


text:
Arizona Coyotes
'Yotes Notes: Phoenix Coyotes fall to defending Stanley Cup champions
Sure, you could read the box score and know who won, but we all know that won't tell you everything that happened in a hockey game. So, we will give you 'Yotes Notes, providing you with the analysis, quotes and notes from the Coyotes' 4-2 loss to the Kings on January 26.
The Good:
Despite the 4-2 loss, Mikkel Boedker continues to find his groove. He scored his first goal of the season on the power play at 3:57 of the second period. With the goal he now has a four-game point streak to start this season.
The Bad:
The Coyotes start the season with a 1-4-0 record. They've allowed 20 goals so far this season. They also gave the LA Kings their first win of the season. They were 0-2-1 coming into Saturday Night.
� Including Saturday, Radim Vrbata has recorded a point in 48 of 82 games since the start of the 2011-2012 season. Vrbata led the team with five goals and seven points against the Kings last year.
He Said It:
"It's frustrating the way things are going for us right now. It's a matter of execution," Coyotes head coach Dave Tippett said. "Simple plays that gotta get made. I like to think we don't beat ourselves much. Usually you earn the right to win."
Up Next:
The Coyotes are back in action on Monday when they host the Nashville Predators at Jobing.com Arena in a 7 o'clock start.
Most Popular
Coyotes Audio
- Don Maloney, Arizona Coyotes GMMaloney talks about what star prospect Max Domi can bring to the Coyotes' offense when he's ready.
- Shane Doan, Coyotes captainShane Doan discusses Deflate-Gate and the Coyotes recent struggles.
- Dave Tippett- Coyotes head coachDave Tippett is using the NHL All-Star break to regroup his team.
- Don Maloney, Coyotes general manager Don Maloney discusses trading Devan Dubnyk to Minnesota.
- Shane Doan, Coyotes captainShane Doan says he is committed to the Coyotes as they go through the rebuilding process.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Welcome to the Muppet Central Forum!
You are viewing our forum as a guest. Join our free community to post topics and start private conversations. Please contact us if you need help with registration or your account login. -
Sesame Street Season 45
Sesame Street's 45th season officially begins Monday September 15. After you see the new episodes, post here and let us know your thoughts. -
"Muppets Most Wanted" Fan Reactions
After you see "Muppets Most Wanted", read fan reactions and let us know your thoughts on the Muppets eighth theatrical film.
- Birthday:
- Jan 21, 1985 (Age: 30)
- Home page:
- http://tonichelle.greatestjournal.com
- Location:
- Alaska, USA
- Occupation:
- poor starvin' college student
photography, surfing the web, collecting figure skating and star wars memorabiliaInteract
- tonichelleak
- Windows Live:
- firstname.lastname@example.com
- Yahoo! Messenger:
- skategodsfan
There are two things I hate in life: Heights, and jumping from them.


text:
ZL1 Upgrades Installed on a FE3 2010 SS
View Single Post
CamaroCross Founder
Drives: Camaro Justice
Join Date: Jun 2007
Location: Texas
Posts: 15,798
Originally Posted by
The new bars are 32mm, uses new endlink mount location, and direct bolt-in on 2010s?
If you don't remember my setup...
275/40FR (invo)
-1.1 camber
6ish* castor (max w/eccentric)
stock toe
Bar set of soft/med
Dampening 5-8 clicks
315/35RR (invo)
0.0* camber
0.0 toe
Bar set to stiff
Dampening 11-14 clicks
Pedders FR/RR bars (old style/manufacturer and uses clamp stops; new style endlinks) Alignment is a compromise for mainly street/highway use.
Car understeers when carrying little too much speed into big turns at solox. Can induce oversteer using throttle, but mainly understeers. I was looking at the old style 32mm rear using the old reinforced control arm mount point. Not ready to buy new non-staggered wheels/tires just for once a month racing.
Would the new 32mm bars and mount point be preferrable over the older bars with my setup? The old 32mm description implies the the rear can break loose more easily(very quickly?) and not recommended for street use.
(slow down on big/tight turns or get better wheel combos?)
The 32mm / Solution C does reduce change the bias / balance of the 5th Gen. The new 32mm even more so.
You have reduced you rear camber to reduce understeer ad that is good. You'll find that pulling the rear toe IN between .10 and .20 will increase stability. Change your front toe to ZERO and that will improve your turn in.
Add the 12 arms and new 32 and we can increase the rear camber to improve cornering while still having great front to rear balance. We are working on a turn key 2010 /2011 package that will include the '12 arms along with Pedders FE4 / ZL1 32mm rear bar and drop links.
You will love the result.
The Book for the 5th Gen Camaro
View Public Profile
Find More Posts by JusticePete


text:
Hi I used to grow cannas extensively but due to leaf rollers virus mostly switched to heliconia Had one in a pot that has limped along for years seldom flowering and often going dormant Two years ago i repotted with clay and top soil and placed in standing water up to the top,thinking it would provide foliage until water plants mature . It responded by growing almost rampantly it flowered then branched and flowered again is well over 6 feet tall and has 3 new sprouts. as well as seed pods. the virus is no longer a problem and no leaf rollers . Curious as to why??lol Might add that it is in fairly dense shade except in mid winter.I'm in 10 florida though the last two years have been above 40 min. Have no idea as to the type but supposedly a dwarf with yellow flowers and orange spots Thinking of trying cannas again and using this method I know some types are aquatic but exclusively?? Thanks gary |
Follow-Up Postings:
Hi Gary, I don't have the answer to your question, I just wanted to say that I have been using Cannas in my pond for some time, in my experience, the same canna has given me different results, some years has done well and others not so good...I wish I knew why but I'm willing to bet it is cause of a combination of different factors |
- Posted by canna2grow z7 AR (My Page) on Tue, Jun 17, 14 at 12:46
Gary, I think you will find that nearly all our hybrid cultivars respond quite well in an aquatic setting. They usually do best when not totally submerged in water but will respond well during the warmer growing season. I would caution on leaving them underwater in their more dormant season. I am sure the leaf roller problem has not disappeared in your area and virus issues are predicated on the source of any new cultivar. The lack of leaf rollers in your immediate area may be due to a colder winter which eliminates the overwintering larva. I suspect the height of your plant is directly related to the lack of direct sunlight. This is always the major factor in plant height with cannas. Without a photo the cultivar cannot be identified and may not even with one. Kent |
Hi the last two winters have been above normal 40 was the low and then only for 3 hours. the leaf rollers are busy attacking the one i grow in a pot in full sun!! lol Cannas tend to be evergreen for me if no frost but had constant bug problems and they hated my soil. had costant virus problems so generally whacked them off in the fall Heliconia gives a similar effect and are everblooming except for frost. the variety doesn't matter was just curious as to such a turnaround when I seem to be violating all the ruleslolThe aquatic plants are maturing now so will be removed . Have no idea where I'll put it .Know it will remain in a pot but my garden is maturing and all i have is shade, heavy shade , and very shady shade lol Guess they can always serve as BU G food ?? lol Thanks for the info gary |
Hi was going through my pix and found this one of the Canna growing in a pot in the marsh garden. gary |
- Posted by sherylgallant Kelowna, BC z6 (My Page) on Mon, Aug 25, 14 at 18:50
I can see I'm going to have to put some cannas in the pond next year. |
Please Note: Only registered members are able to post messages to this forum. If you are a member, please log in. If you aren't yet a member, join now!
Return to the Canna Forum
Information about Posting
- You must be logged in to post a message. Once you are logged in, a posting window will appear at the bottom of the messages. If you are not a member, please register for an account.
- Please review our Rules of Play before posting.
- Posting is a two-step process. Once you have composed your message, you will be taken to the preview page. You will then have a chance to review your post, make changes and upload photos.
- After posting your message, you may need to refresh the forum page in order to see it.
- Before posting copyrighted material, please read about Copyright and Fair Use.
- We have a strict no-advertising policy!
- If you would like to practice posting or uploading photos, please visit our Test forum.
- If you need assistance, please Contact Us and we will be happy to help.
Learn more about in-text links on this page here


text:
Dr. Anthony Lin, MD
Family Medicine, Villa Medical Arts
- 33 S Villa Ave Ste 2
Villa Park, IL 60181 - 1 Office Location
- (630) 832-9000
Dr. Anthony Lin graduated from the Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine in 1997. He works in Villa Park, IL and specializes in Family Medicine. Dr. Lin is affiliated with Elmhurst Memorial Hospital and Advocate Good Samaritan Hospital. He speaks Chinese, English and Spanish.
Gender: Male
Years in Practice: 18 Years
Languages Spoken: Chinese, English, Spanish
Medical School: Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine
Graduation Date: 1997
Hospital Affiliations: Elmhurst Memorial Hospital, Advocate Good Samaritan Hospital
Specialties: Family Medicine


text:
Inspired by the Bible:
"Vanity of vanities, all is vanity."
Koh 1,2
Portrait of Lucy Liu
Canson A4 drawing paper
8B, 3B, HB pencils
Wieslaw Borkowski, Polish, born 1989. Majored in Chinese studies, student of China Academy of Fine Arts, department of traditional Chinese painting.
Member of local artists society and Polish Society of Traditional Wushu and Chinese Culture.
Creating in many different styles. Doing commission works, calligraphy and Chinese painting live displays.
View Full Profilewow stunning portrait
Excellent portrait Wiesław, lovely pencil work indeed!!
Thank You ! You have some Polish roots?
– Wieslaw Borkowski
Oh My Gosh!!
1st reaction…goose bumps, 2nd reaction…staring, 3rd reaction…shaking one's head in disbelief. You're an AMAZING TALENT!! Love her.
Goose bumps?! Haha… Thank You very much :D
Take care!
– Wieslaw Borkowski
I total agree with Steph Granshaw , thanks for showing us what can really be done , as long as you have enough talent, which you do! love it!
This amazing on so many levels. Absolutely fantastic and an instant fav!!!!
WOW!… :o)
Incredible work. Simply amazing!


text:
Hot answers tagged fatal-error
You are calling the function too early. The functions.php is included before current_user_can() is defined. Never do anything before the hook 'after_setup_theme':
Example for the functions.php
add_action( 'after_setup_theme', array( 'WPSE_14041_Base', 'setup' ) );
class WPSE_14041_Base
public static function setup()
! isset ( ...
The only way that function returns an instance of WP_Error is if $cat (in your example) has an empty value. You need to check the return before doing anything with it. Replacing that line with this should fix the problem:
echo is_wp_error( $cat_parents = get_category_parents($cat, TRUE, '' . $delimiter . '') ) ? '' : $cat_parents;
In almost all cases you can simply delete the plugin and it will be switched off automatically, and in fact that is advice I've given many times to help reel in broken sites. The same is true for themes.
Some plugins are actually more complicated than that and require additional steps. Notably, the caching plugins tend to fall into that category as some add ...
There is no reference to 'classes.php' anywhere in the WP codebase, either in the 3.1 branch or in trunk.
You probably have a modified version. Do a 'svn stat' and then a 'svn diff'.
The Health Check plugin is triggering the first error. Is this when you're running 2.7? get_transient() was only introduced in 2.8, which would explain it's absence.
The second failure is merely a failed HTTP request. This can happen every now and then (mainly due to timeouts). It shouldn't interrupt the normal functioning of WordPress (the HTTP request was ...
Why exactly are you trying to redeclare that function?
You can either edit the original function, or, better yet, use remove_action to remove add_action( 'widgets_init', 'twentyeleven_widgets_init' ); and then reattach your own function add_action('widgets_init', 'your_widgets_init_function' );
wp_mail() is defined in wp-includes/pluggable.php. This file is loaded after the plugins are loaded, but before the hook plugins_loaded has been fired.
So the answer is: wait.
add_action( 'plugins_loaded', 'renderHTML' );
On a side note: prefix your function names and your global variables.
Don't mess around with changing those files directly. It will break when that file gets changed in an update. Do this instead.
add_filter( 'wp_mail_from', 'override_mail_from_address' );
add_filter( 'wp_mail_from_name', 'override_mail_from_name' );
function override_mail_from_address($email_address) {
$from_array = explode('@', $email_address);
You're getting the error because the Facebook and All In One Event Calendar plugins are both declaring the fb_admin_dialog() function, but PHP only allows a function to be declared once.
To fix the immediate problem, log in to your server with S/FTP and rename the wp-content/plugins/all-in-one-event-calendar directory to something like ...
"the errors (…) don't show a stack trace" - they would if you were using xdebug.
It means $wpdb is not loaded yet, not loaded properly, or gone:
If you added code that calls it to your wp-config file or something to that order, remove it.
If you've a db.php file in wp-content, it's probably broken so rename it.
If you're messing around with things on a ...
This issue usually stems from PHP configuration issues, APC caching, and/or a call to an incompatible XML library.
From what I've seen, it is usually a combination of php 5.2.X and caching. If you're using caching on your site, try switching from APC/memcached cache to disk caching and see if it clears up. 9/10 times, disabling APC at the server level ...
You failed to update the files in the root of WordPress. I don't know why, but a lot of people make this simple mistake.
It is not enough to upgrade only the wp-admin and wp-includes directories. The files in the root directory, such as wp-settings.php and all the other wp-* files there, also must be upgraded.
WordPress 3.1 no longer contains a ...
Ok, solved my own issue... This might be very specific, but in case anyone ever finds a similar issue:
to catch unexpected output errors I had another function:
function save_error(){
$file = "unexpected-output.txt";
$fh = fopen($file, 'w') or die("can't open file");
$error = ob_get_contents();
I'm gonna add this as an answer, though it's probably not the answer you want.
The answer is "No, it is not possible".
Out of memory errors in PHP are fatal errors. There is no recovering from a fatality, and so no way to return a useful error message.
wp() is quite essential function. It resides in functions.php file (don't confuse with functions.php in theme, different thing) and I don't think you can load WP without passing require directive for that file at some point.
So your install seems very broken - either functions.php file in core is damaged or something else is broken and makes it skip loading ...
Fatal errors point to bad syntax, or bad naming conventions. WordPress does a good job of not activating plugins that throw fatal errors. However, once a plugin is activated, all bets are off. If you've created a function or a class, it's best to follow good naming conventions and namespace properly.
For example, a function called post_extras() would not be ...
get_current_screen() is a backend function and it returns data about the current backend administration page. It makes no sense to use this in theme code. The only way it would work (I think but haven't tested) in functions.php would be if it were hooked into a backend hook later than admin_init.
You don't explain what you are trying to do with ...
Do a complete update of WordPress, including all the files. The function named "reset_mbstring_encoding" is in the wp-includes/functions.php file and has been since 3.7, so if you're missing it or some other file, then you need to make sure all the WordPress files are up-to-date.
Hey I found the answer in this forum https://wordpress.org/support/topic/fatal-error-cannot-call-overloaded-function-for-non-object-1/page/2?replies=35#post-6035835.
"Just wanted to share how I fix the issue. In the cpanel control panel, choose "Select PHP version". Then I select "PHP Version 5.5". Then click save."
Worked for me. It seems like it's a ...
From the error you posted, I suspect that there was some kind of file corruption. The original file /wp-includes/post.php shouldn't end at line 235. The file should have 5841 lines (in WP version 4.0 and 4.0.1). If it was a file corruption and the error doesn't appear anymore, the update probably "healed" the damage by overwriting the file.
Nevertheless I ...
You can try to use functions.php to handle the form submission and send the data via AJAX.
Add a hidden field in your form with the action to be taken (on functions.php):
<input type="hidden" name="action" value="save_contact"/>
In you footer.php add the jQuery code to handle the AJAX request:
function ...
The CSS for my parent theme (core) was incorrectly formatted. The code at the top read:
Theme Name: Core
Theme URI: http://www.domain.co.uk
Description: The core theme.
Author: Squideyes
Author URI: http://www.domain.co.uk
Template: Core
Version: 1.0.0
Tags: clean, simple, easy
The Template: tag should only appear in the child theme css. This is what ...
To diagnose a load-intensive (either CPU cycles or memory) Plugin, start by deactivating all Plugins. Ensure that, with no Plugins active, you do not observe the same issues.
If you observe the same issues with all Plugins deactivated, then the problem is somewhere else, either with your Theme, your database, or your server configuration.
If you don't ...
The error indicates that your file "floater.php" is being called outside of a WordPress generated page. Add this to the top of the file to be able to use WordPress functions.
EDIT: See Brian Fegter response on using the server path for your include.
if ( !function_exists( 'get_bloginfo' ) )
require( '../../../wp-blog-header.php' ); // check path leads ...
You should include using the server path rather than the URL. This will give you access to WordPress functionality.
The following is to further explain why it's a bad practice to include the file via URL. Here's what's happening:
There is an innate inheritance when you include a file via server path. It has access ...
I faced with the same issue when I was writing my backup plugin. The bug appear when you fetch all data from db by calling $wpdb->get_results( ... ). And as you can suppose it fetch all data into memory allocated for php. The better approach is to use mysql_* functions to fetch row one by one and store data into temporary file. This approach will reduce ...
I'm not sure where you're getting those stats, but I doubt that is showing you the amount of memory being used while processing the images. If you navigate to some memory use screen, you're seeing the amount of memory currently allocated, which is now an entirely different process from when you were uploading images. The fact that Out of memory (allocated ...
There really is nothing anyone here can do for you with such limited information. It is obviously something within your recent changes.
If you use a version control system (as everybody really should), I would roll back the changes and then from there slowly re-implement the changes that were causing this error to track it down and get rid of it.
It's WordPress 3.1 function - so you're probably testing it on older versions.
To load WordPress it is enough to load "wp-load.php" like you did. I don't recognize the wp() function and haven't found it in the source. As other people seem to have the same problem on the internet I guess it has to do with a plugin or a possibly outdated WordPress installation.
Disable all your plugins and see if that resolves the problem.
Out of ...
Only top voted, non community-wiki answers of a minimum length are eligible


text:
Halloween Costume Ideas For Couples
Pop Culture Halloween Costume Ideas For Couples
What's Your Reaction?
Thanks for your reaction
Don't forget to share this with your friends!
Pop Culture Halloween Costume Ideas For Couples
If you and your other half are struggling to come up with fun, creative Halloween costumes, not to worry: we've rounded up some of the best pop culture couples for you two to channel. Our selections include everyone from iconic TV couples to recent movie duos, plus essential tips to help you channel each look. Check out some of our favorite pop culture costumes for twosomes!
— Additional reporting by Becky Kirsch
Link Love
- Find out who Sophie Turner will play in X-Men — HuffPost Entertainment
- Watch an exclusive clip of Rihanna in the film Girlhood — Vulture
- Why the SAG awards should be your favorite award show — Moviefone
- Find out what Sue is up to in the newest episode of Glee — BuddyTV
- A Glee alum lands the lead role on CBS's Supergirl — HitFix
- Hollywood stars discuss their OCD issues on The Late Late Show — Splitsider
- 5 movies with terrible video game adaptations — Cracked
- Problems only PLL fans can relate to — Pretty Little Liars
- Disney's new film looks out of this world — POPSUGAR Moms
Latest Entertainment


text:
I'm having basement dampness issues along with drainage issues in my yard and I'm having some trouble coming up with a concurring opinion on the solution. Under normal conditions I do not get any flowing water in my basement. I bought a moisture detector and some of the cinder blocks read up to 24% moisture. Efflorescence is on a good bit of the walls. Dehumidifier runs 24/7. Under heavy rain the side yard can not keep up with the water and my 3 window wells fill up with water which then comes through the glass block. This is the only time I've had flowing water in the basement. There is an internal french drain system around the entire perimeter of the basement. Last time it rained heavy the sump pit was filling up and the pump was pumping the water out just fine. Adjacent to the basement is a crawlspace. I do get standing water in there. The yard on the side of the house has a slight grade towards the foundation plus the neighbors yard is somewhat higher than mine so water seems to pool in the yard. I have had 3 companies come out to look at my issues and I have been given 3 different opinions thus far. Quote 1 Quote 2 Quote 3 The big problem that the exterior solutions have run into is what to do with the water. I have basically no real slope on my land so the water won't run away naturally. The landscaper is contacting the city to see if we can tap into the storm sewer but that will require cutting the sidewalk and digging up the road. The local contractor also wants to do that but was hoping there was a line already there that he could tap into since my gutters drain underground but we're not sure where to. The landscaper says he won't tap into the line if it is there as it will be too much water for one 4" pipe, which I would tend to agree with. Also, the french drains would be 7 feet in the ground while the gutter line is only a few feet under so I'm not sure how he would deal with the elevation change. Any suggestions on what to do would be greatly appreciated. Here's links to 3 pictures: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_w-FJNZu2AaMnVRLXZHUjlLR1U/edit?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_w-FJNZu2AaVmJsdFBETWRCdE0/edit?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_w-FJNZu2AaanBpTzlFdzVqTG8/edit?usp=sharing |
Follow-Up Postings:
#3 with some modification for drainage. |
What modification? |
Generally, good lot drainage can be achieved with 1 to 2% fall, instead of the french drain buried 7' in the ground. So, not knowing the topography and without some photos provided, speculation, would be just that. |
- Posted by SparklingWater (My Page) on Thu, Aug 28, 14 at 9:58
mkesow, no expert here, just another homeowner working on water drainage correction. Proposal one is not preferable to exterior water drainage correction. That leaves #2 and #3. Regarding #2: "Quote 2 If you go this route, a couple of points: tar is just damp proofing-different from water proofing applications. Also it does not expand to fill new cracks, nor does tar which inevitably will occur. It's recommended now to use an expansile wall surface product, with elastomeric properties. Elastomeric membranes are a polymer modified asphalt, formulated to remain pliable. Also, vapor barrier 6 ml, even 2 ply are considered minimum. heavy gauge polyethylene dimpled drainage may be better, and bentonite membrane best. |
Thank you for the replies. I posted links to 3 pictures in my initial post. I am definitely leaning towards option 3 but I have still yet to hear anything from the city about the storm sewers. Plus today I called the landscaper and he says they are no longer interested in my project. So I now have another company coming out Wednesday to look at it. |
I would , 1st, find out the elevations of the vents and the adjacent driveway. relative to the public walkway. Next, grade the side yard to slope away from the house a min. of 3' wide and then slope back up to the neighbors driveway. This creates a sort of "V" ditch, which also needs to slope to the street. What strikes me as odd, is the description of the french drain, which sounds more in the realm of a percolation pit. Which may be the solution, combined with the "V" ditch. |
When your sump pump runs now, where does it pump it to? We had a similar issue and solved it with #2 above (but we didn't have grading issue of our lot--just our neighbor's). AND, importantly, the drain system that was put in is gravity drain to the storm sewer. In our case, they didn't have to dig up the sidewalk. They were able to dig or otherwise go under it, and connect up with an existing street drain grate well. Best of luck! I think #2 and #3 and/or a combination of the 2 will be your best option. But, first, you need to figure out where to send the water. |
Please Note: Only registered members are able to post messages to this forum. If you are a member, please log in. If you aren't yet a member, join now!
Return to the Home Repair Forum
Information about Posting
- You must be logged in to post a message. Once you are logged in, a posting window will appear at the bottom of the messages. If you are not a member, please register for an account.
- Please review our Rules of Play before posting.
- Posting is a two-step process. Once you have composed your message, you will be taken to the preview page. You will then have a chance to review your post, make changes and upload photos.
- After posting your message, you may need to refresh the forum page in order to see it.
- Before posting copyrighted material, please read about Copyright and Fair Use.
- We have a strict no-advertising policy!
- If you would like to practice posting or uploading photos, please visit our Test forum.
- If you need assistance, please Contact Us and we will be happy to help.
Learn more about in-text links on this page here


text: One out of two meals was good. My GF had the En Fuego Chicken which she loved. I had the Cajun steak tips with mushrooms which I ordered medium but was served well done both cold and warm depending on what part you tried. I returned it and ordered the Avocado Chicken Tacos. They use a tortilla... read more


text:
Ganesha, Ganesa, Ganesh, Ganapati, Vinayaka, Pillaiyar, Deity, Elephant, Shiva, Buddha, Budda, Hindu, God, holy, Religion, religious, Hinduism, Indien, Buddhism, Symbol, Figure, Stature, Parvati, Animal, Icon
This great custom product in white/red from our department Women and T-Shirt category can be printed just for you in the size and style you like. The design Ganesh Ganesa Ganapati 04_1c was created by Mystic.Island.US and uploaded to Spreadshirt for you to have printed on a T-Shirt. Next to a host of other great customized designs, you can find this Ganesh Ganesa Ganapati 04_1c design in Spreadshirt's Hinduism category. If you are interested in topics like Animal or Budda, then you'll love Ganesh Ganesa Ganapati 04_1c designs by Mystic.Island.US. Spreadshirt also offers a huge selection of custom t-shirts, hoodies and accessories for the category Hinduism as well as top Buddha clothing. Mystic.Island.US's designs have already impressed many of our customers, so we are sure that we've got right stuff for you! Spreadshirt is your destination for great designs of all kinds – whether it's Animal, Budda or Buddha. We are sure that you will find something nice in our shop, there are many amazing custom Hinduism t-shirts, hoodies, or accessories for you to find! Tags: Design ID: 11269872
live love music Caps Designed by JazzyDesignz
Flower Bicycle Tote Bag Designed by mycastillo
Hawaiian Island 1 Bottles & Mugs Designed by Makanahele
tardis T-Shirts Designed by killakam
Colored Blocks Designed by techno-punk
Sailing into the sunset iPhone 5 Hard Case Designed by mycastillo
Party Giraffe T-Shirts Designed by Azza1070
Show Me Your Kitties Meow Accessories Designed by maveluz
3D glasses T-Shirts Designed by namo
Deer (dd)++ T-Shirts Designed by artpolitic
This slim-fitting ringer t-shirt has a custom-contoured fit and is ideal for the petite framed woman. The shirt has contrasting 3/4" neck and sleeve binding that adds a slight pop of color with cover stitched 3/4" bottom hem. The fabric is made from 100% pre-shrunk soft cotton and has a fabric weight of 5.8 oz.


text:
Dr. Paula L. Mcallister, MD
Obstetrics & Gynecology, Women To Women OBGYN
- 6310 San Vicente Blvd Ste 330
Los Angeles, CA 90048 - 1 Office Location
- (323) 452-9655
Dr. Paula L. Mcallister graduated from the Drexel University College of Medicine in 2005. She works in Los Angeles, CA and specializes in Obstetrics & Gynecology. Dr. Mcallister is affiliated with Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. She speaks English and Tagalog.
Gender: Female
Years in Practice: 10 Years
Languages Spoken: English, Tagalog
Medical School: Drexel University College of Medicine
Graduation Date: 2005
Hospital Affiliations: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Specialties: Obstetrics & Gynecology


text:
Junior Member
Would someone be able to post some videos of twitch being played at high elo. I really need to learn more about positioning and stuff (mainly in TT). Also, I've been using a crit buid for TT and it has been working quite nicely (doran's blade, boots (magic res or armour depending on the team), then either brutalizer or aravice blade, then infinity edge then phantom dancer). I'm guessing this isn't a very good build though, what do others take? (Also I play with a Kayle and one other (normally shen))
The thing is, that in TT, no one usually plays hard carries with no survivability. Twitch is one of those examples. He is too item dependent to dominate and he is easily dropped because he is very, very squishy. In TT, most players play champions with high mobility (such as with a blink through a wall) or high durability with damage (such as Mundo, Jax, etc.). Twitch fulfills neither of these roles.


text: Personalised Girl Doll – Little People by Ann Moore £18$34.34€23.70$30.13 In stock £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 mainland UK delivery - Order now and receive this item on or before Tuesday 3 February £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 mainland UK deliveryEstimated delivery: 5-7 days International delivery available personalised letter for top (required) quantity by Ann Moore Location: London, GB read seller's profile see seller's complete range more items from this seller Leopard Girl – Little People £18$34.34€23.70$30.13 Dot Tie Boy – Little People £18$34.34€23.70$30.13 Braces Boy – Little People £18$34.34€23.70$30.13 Plaid Boy – Little People £18$34.34€23.70$30.13 Polka Girl – Little People £18$34.34€23.70$30.13 Zebra Girl – Little People £18$34.34€23.70$30.13 view all you may also like PRODUCT DETAILS CUSTOMER REVIEWS DELIVERY RETURNS can be personalised ask seller a question Customise this little doll to make her one of a kind. She wears a navy top with mint jeans and is stuffed squeezably soft. Choose a letter for her top to make a very personal gift. The perfect present for a child's birthday, or even for a best friend! She's part of Ann Moore's collection of over 30 different 'Little People', each with their own individual style. made from: She is made from digitally printed 100% cotton and has a hand-embroidered face. Filled with non-allergenic, child-safe polyester stuffing. To care for her, machine wash cold and dry out of direct sunlight. dimensions: 40cm (16in) from head to toe product code: 319107 1 customer review Wed 05 Nov 2014 Lovely doll! read about our product rating system ratings guide trusted independent customer feedbackforum excellent bad good poor This product is dispatched to you by Ann Moore. MAINLAND UK order now and receive this item on or before price Standard Delivery Tuesday 3 February £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 NON-MAINLAND UK estimated delivery price Highlands & Islands of Scotland 2-5 daysfrom dispatch £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 Northern Ireland 2-5 daysfrom dispatch £2.75$5.24€3.62$4.60 Other UK Islands 2-5 daysfrom dispatch £4.95$9.44€6.51$8.28 INTERNATIONAL DELIVERY estimated delivery price Western Europe 2-5 daysfrom dispatch £11.50$21.94€15.14$19.25 Rest of Europe 5-10 daysfrom dispatch £11.50$21.94€15.14$19.25 USA & Canada 5-10 daysfrom dispatch £18.50$35.29€24.35$30.97 Far East & Australasia 5-10 daysfrom dispatch £19.50$37.20€25.67$32.64 Rest of the world 5-14 daysfrom dispatch £19.50$37.20€25.67$32.64 You have 28 days, from receipt of cancellable goods, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item. Please note: goods that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements, perishable products and personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken are non-refundable, unless faulty. Read more about our returns policy.Should you choose to return or exchange your order you will need to deliver the item(s) to the UK, where this seller is based. Ann Moore's return policy


text:
bazil323's Mom Answers Activity
what do i do now to get pregnant?
Most recent answer
I was on Depo-Provera (the shot) for about 5-1/2 years followed by Mirena IUD for about 4 months. My OB/gyn said that it could take up to...
posted by
how do i add a lilypie ticker ?
How long does it take for Depo to get out of your system before you can concieve?
Most recent answer
It depends on how long you were on Depo and how your body reacted to it, and possibly some other factor we're not aware of. It can take u...
posted by


text:
- #1
- Join Date
- Jan 2010
- Posts
- 9
MemberWhat happened to the battle arena?
Haven't been to the forums for a while and it seems like the arena has gone and people are duelling in the forums.
Can anybody tell me what actually happened
PashaPasha redefining magic. Not the worlds. His own, got caught up in laziness and automation. Feel free to critique - #2
The Battle Arena didn't take off as well as T11 had expected, so they shut down the feature. The forum is still open for anyone who wishes to create a challenge and use it to get feedback.
- #4
The Battle Arena was never recoded into the v2 of the website. The fact that it's been gone for so long and only complaints come in now probably says enough
richard zadorozny
t11 // cardistry / iphone / developer


text:
Shopping Cart
The body, soul, and spirit must all work together to bring wholeness to our walk in our journey through life. Life offers us many different challenges, but only hope in Christ will take us through the deepest of valleys to the mountaintop of victory. Only when we walk while trusting His hand in ours will we sense that He is there every step of the way. This is a walk of faith?one that is offered to each one of us by our God.
It may sound like a daunting journey, but in Keeping Hope Alive: Hope Notes from an Abiding Heart, author Cheryl Everhart seeks to help you find the path. In this collection of devotions, Everhart provides Scriptures to bring hope to essential areas of life involving well-being and spiritual victory. Through these verses, you can find transformation from despair to hope.
We all need hope, and Keeping Hope Alive can help you find it. When our minds grasp the truth of what God has to offer, our hearts and souls can sing hope. We can apply this to our daily walk and watch as God begins to move us from despair to gratitude, from desperation to joy, and from depression to victory. The enemy can be defeated, and we can once again see God gloriously triumphant in our lives.
You can read this item using any of the following Kobo apps and devices:


text:
Definition of Insufficiency, mitralInsufficiency, mitral: See: Mitral insufficiency. Source: MedTerms™ Medical Dictionaryhttp://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=31852 Last Editorial Review: 9/20/2012 Medical Dictionary Definitions A - ZSearch Medical Dictionary
From WebMD
Healthy Heart Resources
Featured Centers
- How Well Are You Living With AFib?
- How Well Are You Managing Your MS?
- Soothe Your Child's Cold or Flu


text:
KIRKLAND, Washington — An apartment fire in Kirkland has left eight people displaced, but caused no injuries.
The Seattle Times reports (http://bit.ly/1zL1c9h ) that the Kirkland Fire Department responded to a call to the three-story apartment building on 91st Avenue Northeast at 11:15 a.m. Saturday and found heavy smoke and flames.
Fire Battalion Chief Kenneth Henderson says the fire was centered in the second story and was contained to one of six units. He says some of the surrounding units suffered smoke damage.
Henderson says the person who lived in the unit was not home at the time of the fire and no one was injured. The cause is under investigation.
Information from: The Seattle Times, http://www.seattletimes.com
All content copyright ©2015 Daily Journal, a division of Home News Enterprises unless otherwise noted.
All rights reserved. Click here to read our privacy policy.


text:
Have a Merit pages account? Sign in ▼
Please Sign In
If you already have a Merit pages account please sign in using your Facebook account, Twitter account or email and password.
Herkimer County Community College provides accessible and affordable education and training through more than 40 associate degree programs and a variety of non-credit programs. The College enrolls about 3,300 students, with more than two-thirds from ou...
Herkimer County Community College announces candidates for the College's 45th annual commencement to be held Friday, May 17 at 5 pm in the Gymnasium of the Physical Education Building. There are 62... more
Spring 2013 Verified by Herkimer County Community CollegeJordan has not added any work experience yet.


text:
Unlock the entire Houzz
Traditional 1.5 story cape, conversion to colonial
capetocapemoverAugust 17, 2013
What are the logistics/cost of converting a 1.5 story 1970 cape with a low pitched roof into a classic colonial with a finished attic, and two small dormers on the front. The foundation measurements are approximately 26 x 36. The ceiling height in the first floor is low enough for a 6 foot male to stand on toes and touch ceiling. Great family neighborhood with beach access is the reason to do this. Our family won't fit in the current floor pan and the current roof pitch is fairly flat. I think this is the reason conversion to colonial was suggested rather than shed dormers. There is a kitchen and 1 bay garage attached to the right of the main house. The builder ball parked 125 to go upwards. Is this correct? Our family definitely won't fit into the house as is.
Here is the house. We have an estimate of 140 for a second floor finished with 3 Bdrm 2 full baths wood floors plus third floor attic finished into 2 rooms with shed dormer on the back. Also looking to convert the 1 car garage into a dinette area. Will the scale be too small with the foundation size? We are really looking for a classic New England colonial look. Could see it painted white


text:
Latest CUDA Stories
Bright collects metrics, runs health checks and adjusts settings for recently announced GPU San Jose, CA (PRWEB) November 17, 2014 Bright Computing,
New File Sync and Share Capabilities Available as Part of Barracuda's Data Protection Plus Strategic Initiative CAMPBELL, Calif., Oct. 6, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- Barracuda Networks, Inc.
SignNow eSignature Platform Helps Automate Workflows Across Departments CAMPBELL, Calif., Sept.
SUNNYVALE, California, July 30, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- Company expands reach of latest GPU technology and CUDA programming expertise to big data, aerospace and defense, medical,
SUNNYVALE, California and AHMEDABAD, India, June 12, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- eInfochips [https://einfochips.com ], a leading product design services company, today announced
New version to build on application's reputation for unmatched performance, superb realism, and broad application support including upcoming plugin for Adobe After Effects SAN JOSE, Calif.,
Magma to complete S-OEM certification for high-performance Tesla GPU expansion products. San Diego, Calif.
CSCS interest was to analyze the potential of burden-free support for accelerators and coprocessors. San Jose, California (PRWEB) February 22, 2014 Bright
Hands-on Presentation will include live Malware demonstrations and give insight into the daily life of a cybercriminal. Campbell, Calif.
A novel technology by Simmakers Ltd makes it possible to assess the reliability of constructions and roads in northern regions for several minutes on a common PC with a CUDA-supported graphics
- Monstrous in size or character; huge; prodigious; monstrously perverse, savage, cruel, etc.


text:
Noel Bush's Reviews > The Time Traveler's Wife
The Time Traveler's Wife
by Audrey Niffenegger (Goodreads Author)
by Audrey Niffenegger (Goodreads Author)
I highly recommend this book. I read about it in some piece on Salon/Slate talking about time traveling movies and how they often play fast and loose with the physics of time travel (as if anybody really knows how that will work anyway). The book was mentioned, and complimented, as I recall; the film isn't out here in Berlin yet anyway, and I'm glad that I was able to read this. I devoured it in a day, just couldn't put it down. It's very satisfying from the "sci fi" point of view, but it really doesn't read like techno-obsessed science fiction at all -- in fact, there's zero technology involved in the time traveling aspect of this. Nonetheless, or perhaps because of that, it gets deeply into all the classical conundrums and paradoxes that are dredged up in most time travel stories, turning them into fresh and weird and wonderful and funny and painful matters of life -- lives, really, woven in and out of each other in ways that defy both chaos and determinism to sweep out some sort of solid logic that is as sad and final as it is liberating. There's so much human soul and purpose in here without the least bit of religion or spiritual rhapsodizing over invisible causes, and so much wonderment and optimism with not one iota of techno-utopian anticipation. Just damn beautiful, this book.
Sign into Goodreads to see if any of your friends have read The Time Traveler's Wife.
sign in »


text:
Book your room at The Views Inn Sedona
Standard Room, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking
Max Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child, 1 infant)Standard Room, 2 Queen Beds
Max Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 3 infants)Standard Room, 2 Queen Beds (with Red Rocks View)
Max Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 3 infants)Art Deco Sedona motel in Oak Creek, near Bell Rock
Located in Oak Creek, this motel is 1.2 mi (2 km) from Sedona Golf Resort and 1.6 mi (2.6 km) from Bell Rock. Chapel of the Holy Cross and Cathedral Rock are also within 6 mi (10 km).
Property Features
This motel features an outdoor pool, a spa tub, and coffee/tea in the lobby. Free continental breakfast, free WiFi in public areas, and free self parking are also provided. Additionally, a seasonal outdoor pool, a business center, and a meeting room are onsite.
Room Amenities
All 40 rooms provide conveniences like refrigerators and coffee makers, plus free WiFi and pillowtop beds. Guests will also find cable TV, free local calls, and hair dryers.
Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!


text:
Files | Size | Format | View |
1360102.PDF | 1.933Mb | application/pdf |
Title: | Dipole force cooling of multilevel atoms |
Author: | Sackett, Charles Ackley |
Advisor: | Hulet, Randall G. |
Degree: | Master of Arts thesis |
Abstract: | A theoretical discussion of laser cooling of multilevel atomic systems using intense, blue detuned laser beams is given. A method based on matrix continued fractions is presented, which enables the efficient calculation of the semi-classical force on a multilevel system. The method is applied to a three-level system driven by one standing wave and one travelling wave. The force curves obtained exhibit strong cooling features. Cooling of the three-level system is simulated using the fully quantum mechanical Monte Carlo wave function technique. The simulation predicts efficient cooling to sub-Doppler temperatures. The three-level model is related to a multilevel cooling experiment performed on $\sp7$Li. The experimental results are found to be in reasonable agreement with the three-level model. However, a comparison of the simulation and experiment for a two-level atomic system reveals significant discrepancies, which raises questions about the model and experiment. |
Citation: | Sackett, Charles Ackley. (1994) "Dipole force cooling of multilevel atoms." Masters Thesis, Rice University. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/13890. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1911/13890 |
Date: | 1994 |


text:
Neighbor Hood News By Katie Thomas Area Rugs Direct takes the hassle out of buying area rugs. No more worrying whether the rug will match! No more wrestling a large rug into your car, if it is even possible. Area Rugs Direct brings the selection to you! Area Rugs Direct services the entire Tampa Bay Area, Sarasota, Orlando and the surrounding areas with the best...
No more lugging area rugs to and from the store only to discover they are wrong for your décor.
Area Rugs Direct will bring our Exquisite and Affordable Area Rugs, collection of Discount Area Rugs directly to you.
Luxury and personalized sevices to the Tampa area brings affordable area rugs to meet every budget. Customers search out Cheap Area Rugs but we see quality for a good price.
Our Area Rug Design Consultant serving Tampa, Sarasota or Orlando, Florida will come to your Home or Office at your convenience.
Our Shop-at-Home Experienced Design Consultant will bring an Affordable Area Rug to your Home, Office or bedroom.
See how Beautiful a Texture, Traditional, Transitional, Casual, Contemporary or Shag Area Rug will look under your lighting at Home, Office or Living Room.
Let Area Rugs Direct work their magic by Making your Home, Office, Bedroom, or Living Room an Area Rug Showroom.
Area Rugs Direct offers a wide Selection of Affordable Area Rugs and Discounted Area Rugs you will love.To Mention just a few,Traditional Area Rugs, Contemporary Area Rugs, Transitional Area Rugs, Casual Area Rugs, Shags Area Rugs, and outdoor Area Rugs.
The area rug sizes to enhance your home decor are: 2x3, 3x5, 4x6, 5x8, 8x10, 9x12, 10x14 (oversized), 6ft.round area Rugs, 8ft round area Rugs, 10ft round area Rugs, 12ft round area rugs (oversized), 30 inch to 36 inch handmade area rug runners to size.
Our area rug manufacturers, produce quality affordable area rugs made of 100 % wool products, cotton, synthetics, sisal, and much more.
When you are buying,(definition rug types) a hand-made or hand knotted area rugs we assure that our manufacturers do not produce products that use child labor.
Area Rugs Direct- Shop at Home is proud to offer our Area Rug expertise to Central and West Tampa, Sarasota, St. Petersburg, Dade City, Sun City and Orlando Florida and more.
And see our review Area Rugs Direct at the Better Business Bureau - BBB too.
And recently vetted and approved on HOMEADVISOR
Angies List
Super Service Award
Consecutive Winner!
Previous Awards
2011, 2012, 2013
Consumers trust Angie's List to find the best service providers.
Tweets by @arearugsdirect
Angies List
Super Service Award
Consecutive Winner!
Previous Awards
2011, 2012, 2013
Consumers trust Angie's List to find the best service providers.
Tweets by @arearugsdirect
- Posted by:ardirect12
- Posted on: December 28, 2013
- 0 Comments
Area Rugs Direct, LLC Earns Esteemed 2013 Angie's List Super Service Award Award reflects company's consistently high level of customer service Area Rugs Direct LLC has earned the service industry's coveted Angie's List Super Service Award, reflecting an exemplary year of service provided to members of the consumer review service in 2013. "Only about 5...


text:
Giving players some more race variants
None of Michael's suggestions would really work -- the Taunka are almost a completely different race, the Forest Trolls can't be very happy that we've killed their leader, and neither the Dark Iron Dwarves or the Iron Dwarves are very friendly to either Horde or Alliance. But there are possible variants out there -- the Zanadalar tribe might have some members interested in joining the Horde, and certainly the Mag'har Orcs are friendly to players. Alliance doesn't have as many options come to mind, though all players are Bronzebeards, I believe, and surely the Stormpikes are Friendly by now.
We've got new hairstyles coming in the next expansion, of course, but it would be nice to vary up the races a little bit, and have even different backgrounds within the race choices. RPers would love it for sure, and even for other players, it would give a little more meaning and power to playing through the various racial areas in the game.
Filed under: Horde, Lore, Expansions, Virtual selves, Analysis / Opinion, Trolls, Tauren, Orcs, Dwarves, Alliance, Factions


text:
Fletch and Bailey
What We're Talking About
Wednesday, July 23, 201407/23/2014
VIDEO: Whale of a tale to tell
Kayakers sometimes get up close to whales but then there's too close for comfort. This makes for a great story…
Tuesday, July 15, 201407/15/2014
VIDEO: When you got to go…
You got to go. A potty break didn't stop this rapper.
Wednesday, July 2, 201407/02/2014
VIDEO: Don't act like your cat
People will think you're weird. Here's a few things that your cat does that would be creepy if you did…
Wednesday, July 2, 201407/02/2014
VIDEO: More summer fun with belly flops!
No summer time watering hole activity would be complete without some awesome belly flops! However, most of these look painful.
Tuesday, July 1, 201407/01/2014
VIDEO: State Trooper pulled over by trucker
Illinois State Police officer is pulled over by a truck driver honking his horn and told he was not driving…
Tuesday, July 1, 201407/01/2014
VIDEO: Dog returns wedding ring, guess how
A Wisconsin woman found her wedding ring that she lost five years ago and it turned up in the most…
Tuesday, July 1, 201407/01/2014
VIDEO: Kenny Chesney's "American Kids"
Loving the new KC and here's the video.
Tuesday, July 1, 201407/01/2014
VIDEO: Sumer time water wipeouts!
As you head to the water to cool off, watch for water wipeouts, especially your own.
Tuesday, July 1, 201407/01/2014
VIDEO: Puppy tries to see new baby
You have to give this little pup an "A" for effort here. An absolutely adorable moment! Watch as Billy the…
Monday, June 30, 201406/30/2014
VIDEO: How to peel a bag of potatoes
Peel a bag of potatoes in 50 seconds!


text:
Send Ryan a message explaining your needs and you will receive a response by email. Have you already emailed Ryan or another tutor? If so, you have an account! Sign in now
If you select this option, WyzAnt will ask interested tutors to contact you by email if they are able to help. A maximum of five different tutors will email you and none of your personal information, including your email address, will be released.
I completed a Bachelor's degree in statistics at North Carolina State University in May 2010, and proceeded to take a few graduate mathematics and statistics courses. Tutoring has been my primary focus since 2011.
Aside from math and statistics, I have also taught guitar performance and music theory at the Burton School of Arts from 2008-2011, and have worked with a variety of students age 6-adult.
I empathize with students who are frustrated with mathematical coursework and concepts, and incorporate a supportive manner in my teaching style. This applies especially to students with learning disabilities, or otherwise unique learning styles that may be less compatible with a traditional classroom learning environment.
I'm taking an accelerated Statistics course and I thought that I could get by without needing any outside tutoring. Well, with three weeks left in the course, I hit a major roadblock in terms of understanding the material. I was completely lost and that surprised me because I'm doing very well in the class. I reached out to Ryan and after just half a lesson, the material that seemed so foreign to me, made complete sense. Ryan is very thorough and takes his time with his students. It's a relief to have someone explain something to you when you've reached your limit. Ryan achieves this and guides the student to a more well rounded understanding of not just how to get the answer, he also takes the student through all the phases of how to start, how to contemplate and lastly how to proceed with not only answering the question at hand, but to also feel confident moving forward with other similar and not so similar questions. I highly recommend Ryan as a tutor.
Ryan has done a great job in presenting information in a style that can be understood and we have seen an improvement in test results. He is very patient and easy to reach and is flexible with scheduling as well.
I hate all math, so to find out I needed statistics for my degree program was discouraging. However, Ryan removed the fear and helped me to conquer this class. He's very detailed and patient. Good person to have in your corner if you are struggling.
I used Ryan to help me with Stats. Ryan is patient and has an expansive knowledge of the subject and is very good at teaching the concepts. He was excellent.
I really enjoyed working with Ryan. He was patient and encouraging as well as empathetic to my needs. I haven't had algebra or statistics in over 20 years so taking a graduate biostatistics class was a daunting task. Ryan helped me understand the concepts, review algebra, and prepare for my assignments by drawing diagrams and simplifying the material. I think I got an "A" in the class and I couldn't have done it without Ryan's knowledge and expertise. He also was super flexible!! Great experience!
Ryan is a great tutor who takes the time to really explain the concepts behind the problems. He likes to give background to the material and allow you to learn the concept, and is willing to work through the problems. He is also willing to talk through different problems to help understand the material. He really takes the time go through everything.
Ryan spent a lot of time and was very flexible in tutoring statistics for my son in college. I would highly recommend him to anyone looking for a knowledgeable and patient tutor.
Ryan is very patient, knowledgeable, and genuinely interested in the student's progress.
I've had very good experience with him as a tutor.
My son has been struggled with his AP stats for more than a month now. No matter how hard he tried to study, he would never score well on his quiz & test. Ryan has helped him a lot. He took time to explain until my son understands the materials.
Today, my son scored the PERFECT score on his quiz after only 2 sessions with Ryan. I'm so thankful for Ryan's help Highly recommended him. You'll be so l happy to have Ryan as your tutor. Thanks, Ryan.
I have reached the last week in my Statistics class and finished my last session with Ryan today. I must say that he is an amazing Statistics tutor and he has helped me to understand the subject, always showing patience and taking the time to make sure I grasped the concepts. Ryan was accommodating in making sure to meet close to my home and in regards to my hectic work schedule as a nurse. I highly recommend Ryan as a tutor and if I ever need further instruction on the subject, won't hesitate to choose him again!
He has really helped my son to understand what he is learning, which is key in math. My son also raised his math SAT scores after Ryan tutored him only 4 times before the test.
Ryan is a wonderful statistics tutor, who helped me successfully pass my 5 week course with an A. I recently just completed a Statistics course required for my BSN in nursing. He showed up on time to all of our sessions, and was always accessible when I needed him. He is extremely knowledgeable in his work as a tutor. My course instructor did not give me all the resources needed to pass the class, but Ryan was able to teach me how to find other available resources to use. I literally had to be spoon fed statistics by Ryan, and the whole time he showed patience and kindness. I felt very comfortable with Ryan as a tutor. I highly RECOMMEND him to ANYONE that has NO CLUE of statistics like I did. You will be successful with Ryan.
I was taking a statistics class and just was not understanding the content. I knew I needed a tutor and did I ever find the right one! Ryan N. was so patient and didn't mind if he had to go over the same concept time and time again. His method of tutoring matched my way of learning perfectly. If I didn't get the problem one way, Ryan would come up with another way to explain it. He was extremely accommodating in working around my schedule, was quick to respond to my emails, and very professional in every manner.
Ryan was a great tutor. Unfortunately he is moving out of town. He helped me understand AP Statistics so much better. Will miss you Ryan!
Provided very thorough help, was patient, and very clear. Felt like I learned an entire course in 2 hours. I didn't have to dig through my brain for what I needed help with, he went through the course material all the way through and I asked questions when I needed help.
Ryan was extremely helpful (and patient) in explaining medical statistics that I needed to complete. He was very professional and I will definitely use him again.
Approved subjects are in bold.
In most cases, tutors gain approval in a subject by passing a proficiency exam. For some subject areas, like music and art, tutors submit written requests to demonstrate their proficiency to potential students. If a tutor is interested but not yet approved in a subject, the subject will appear in non-bold font. Tutors need to be approved in a subject prior to beginning lessons.
I use algebra extensively, from basic arithmetical manipulations to abstract topics such as rings and fields. Like most mathematics courses, Algebra 1 and Algebra 2 cover a wide range of material, but most of this material can be reduced to simple concepts. It is my experience that most people who struggle with mathematics courses do so because they are unclear on one or more fundamental concepts, and they quickly begin to feel more confident in their grasp of the overall course once these topics have been clarified.
I have a B.S. in Statistics from NCSU, and so far have completed a little over half of the requirements for a Master's in Statistics (also at NCSU). Naturally, this is my best subject to tutor, and I have had success in helping several students in the past. I try to help students see the social relevance of the subject, which is often overlooked in introductory classes, and which helps them to appreciate what they may initially perceive to be a boring and frustrating subject.
Knowledgeable & Patient — I'm taking an accelerated Statistics course and I thought that I could get by without needing any outside tutoring. Well, with three weeks left in the course, I hit a major roadblock in terms of understanding the material. I was completely lost and that surprised me because I'm doing very well in the class. I reached out to Ryan and after just half a lesson, the material that seemed so foreign to ...
Standard Hourly Fee: $45.00
Cancellation: 8 hours notice required
Ryan will travel within 20 miles of Columbia, MD 21044.
Your first hour with any tutor is protected by our Good Fit Guarantee: You don't pay for tutoring unless you find a good fit!
Ryan N. passed a background check on 1/12/15. The check was ordered by another user through First Advantage. For more information, please review the background check information page.
After sending a message to Ryan, you will be able to order a new background check for $7.99. As part of your tutor selection process, we encourage you to run updated background checks. Please also review the safety tips for hiring tutors.