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US 4555712 A Abstract A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing feedback control of the ink drop velocity in a drop marking system. The control system maintains essentially constant velocity of the ink drops as they pass through a deflection field which causes certain of the electrically conductive drops to be directed onto a substrate to be marked. The ink flow between two selected points is monitored by a control device to generate ink flow rate data and compared against a reference value. In the event that a flow rate deviation is sensed, appropriate action is taken to change the flow rate. Such action includes altering ink viscosity and/or ink pressure.
Claims(16) 1. An ink drop velocity controller for a drop marking system having an ink supply reservoir, a nozzle having at least one orifice to form at least one stream of ink drops and a pressure source to force the ink from the reservoir through the nozzle orifice, said controller comprising:
(a) means for detecting the flow of ink from the reservoir through said nozzle orifice, (b) means for altering the ink flow rate to the nozzle, (c) controller means responsive to the detecting means for comparing the ink flow against a reference value to identify deviations from said reference value and for controlling said altering means responsive to said comparison, (d) said detecting means includes at least two signalling means operatively positioned in said reservoir, each for signalling the controller means when the ink reaches a predetermined level in the reservoir, said controller means generating flow rate data representing the actual ink flow rate based on the elapsed time between operation of each signalling means, whereby the velocity of the ink drops produced by the nozzle can be maintained substantially constant thereby permitting accurate placement of the drops on a surface to be marked. 2. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 1 wherein each signalling means includes:
(a) a float disposed in the reservoir, (b) an electrical switch coupled to the float operative to signal the controller means when the float is displaced by the changing ink level. 3. An ink drop velocity controller for a drop marking system having an ink supply reservoir, a nozzle to form a stream of ink drops and a pressure source to force the ink to the nozzle from the reservoir, said controller comprising:
(a) means for measuring the time interval required for an established volume of ink to flow to said nozzle, (b) controller means responsive to said measuring means for comparing said time interval against a reference value to identify deviations from the latter, (c) means responsive to the controller means for altering the ink flow rate to maintain said time interval substantially equal to said reference value. 4. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 3 wherein the altering means includes means for regulating the pressure employed to force the ink to the nozzle whereby if the flow rate is too high the pressure is lowered and vice versa.
5. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 4 wherein the regulating means is a pressure regulator associated with said pressure source and operated by said controller means.
6. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 4 wherein the ink is supplied from the reservoir to the nozzle via a conduit, said regulating means includes a regulator in the conduit to control the ink flow rate to the nozzle.
7. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 4 wherein the regulating means comprises a variable output pump supplying ink to said reservoir, the pump output being directly proportional to the pressure employed to transport the ink to the nozzle.
8. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 3 wherein the altering means includes means for changing the viscosity of the ink.
9. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 8 wherein the viscosity changing means includes means for changing the temperature of the ink supplied to the nozzle.
10. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 8 wherein the viscosity changing means includes means for adding solvent to said ink, whereby increasing the solvent content lowers the viscosity increasing the flow rate and vice versa.
11. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 10 wherein the solvent adding means includes:
(a) a solvent supply, (b) means for communicating the solvent supply to the ink supply reservoir responsive to said controller means. 12. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 11 wherein the communicating means includes:
(a) means for pumping solvent into said ink supply reservoir, (b) valve means for controlling solvent flow from the solvent supply to the pumping means responsive to said controller means. 13. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 3 wherein said controller means includes:
(a) means for determining ink flow rate data, (b) means for comparing said flow rate data against said reference value, (c) means for signalling said altering means to cause a change in the flow rate when variations from said reference value are identified. 14. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 3 wherein said controller means is a programmed computer.
15. An ink drop velocity controller in accordance with claim 13 wherein said controller means is a programmed computer and said determining means, comparing means and signalling means is the computer system hardware operated under program control.
16. A method for controlling ink drop velocity in a drop marking system having an ink supply, a nozzle to form a stream of ink drops and a pressure source to force the ink to the nozzle from the supply, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) measuring the time interval required for a known volume of ink to flow to said nozzle, (b) comparing the time interval against a reference value to identify deviations therefrom, (c) altering the ink flow rate to maintain said time interval substantially equal to said reference value. Description This invention relates to the field of drop marking systems of the type in which a liquid ink is forced under pressure through a nozzle which converts the liquid into droplets which can then be controlled by various means while projected toward a substrate for marking purposes. Examples of such systems include the familiar ink jet marking systems used for high speed label printing, product identification and the like, although there are other drop marking systems known in the art. One particular type of system which advantageously employs the present invention is the continuous stream, synchronous ink jet printer. Such a system typically includes an ink reservoir and a remotely located nozzle connected to the reservoir by a conduit. Ink is forced under pressure from the reservoir to the nozzle which emits a continuous stream of ink drops. The ink, which is electrically conductive, is provided with a charge as the drops leave the nozzle. The drops then pass through a deflection field which causes selected drops to be deflected so that some of the drops are deposited onto a substrate while the remaining drops are returned to the reservoir by a suitable ink return means. In order to produce high quality marking, it is important that the ink drops pass through the deflection field at a relatively constant velocity. Thus, ink drops with similar charges but different velocities will experience unequal amounts of deflection resulting in inconsistent print quality. The condition of constant ink drop velocity through the deflection field requires that the flow rate of liquid through the nozzle be substantially constant. Prior ink marking systems have attempted to accommodate this requirement by various means. None, however, has been entirely successful measured in terms of simplicity, cost, reliability and overall accuracy of the resulting function. One class of prior art devices attempt to obtain constant velocity by using constant ink delivery pressure in conjunction with a system of indirect viscosity control. These devices, manufactured by the assignee of the present invention and disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,930,258 and 4,121,222, employ constant volume ink reservoirs. The amount of ink solvent evaporative loss is measured either by weighing the reservoir or by measuring the volume change. Ink loss due to marking is replenished by using a plurality of make up ink formulations or by using a drop counter. The accuracy of the latter approach is limited by the fact that the volume of ink lost is calculated, not measured and thus the volume of replacement ink required is only an approximation of the correct amount. Another prior art system, disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,337,468, counts printed drops as well as measuring the amount of ink returned to the system. This information is used to calculate the amount of evaporative loss and additional solvent is added in response thereto. This technique is open loop (no feedback control) and does not permit the degree of accuracy desired to insure essentially constant velocity through the deflection field of the ink jet device. Other efforts to deal with these problems are known in the prior art. One such system employs a specific gravity detector which signals when it is necessary to add solvent to the ink supply. This system overcomes the drawbacks of drop counting but is unsuitable for use in systems where the printer must accommodate many different types of inks, each with its own specific gravity parameters. Further, in general, these devices do not provide good determinations as to the viscosity of the ink and as a result, additional viscosity control is required as by use of a heating device in the ink supply system, such heating system being referenced against ambient temperature rather than any flow property of the ink. Another commercial system which tries to deal with the problem of changing ink viscosity is manufactured by the IBM Corporation. In this device the ink pressure is resposive to signals from a deflection detector. The deflection detector is located in the electric field through which the drops pass. The detector signals the pump to increase or decrease pressure, as necessary, to maintain drop velocity at an appropriate value. This system provides feedback control of drop velocity. The technique, however, is not entirely satisfactory because of the complexity and cost of the components and the need for a fragile deflection detector at the remote print head location. Other available ink jet systems employ viscometer for adjusting the viscosity of the ink. Such systems are unduly complex and expensive and the results of such techniques still do not provide direct feedback control with respect to the drop velocity through the charge field. Control is indirect based on the viscosity of the ink. The present invention, by sensing the flow of the ink from the reservoir and generating ink flow rate data, monitors the velocity of the drops of ink in the charge field and adjusts the ink parameters to maintain a desired flow rate which insures a substantially constant drop velocity. In effect, the present invention provides direct control over the velocity of the ink drops and does so by use of low cost components arranged in a simple manner. It is an object of the present invention to incorporate direct feedback control into an ink drop velocity control system which is simple, reliable and low in cost. Another object of the invention is to provide a velocity control system for an ink jet printer which maintains the velocity of ink through a deflection field substantially constant thereby insuring accurate location of drops on the substrate to be marked. A further object of the invention is to provide an electronic control system for an ink jet printer to permit accurate control of the addition of solvent to the system. Another object of the invention is to provide a flow control means for an ink jet system which is located entirely separate from the print head nozzle and yet maintains a substantially constant flow rate through the nozzle. Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the remaining portion of the description. FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of an ink jet system incorporating the elements of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a drawing similar to FIG. 1 disclosing a preferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 is a drawing similar to FIG. 1 disclosing a first alternate embodiment. FIG. 4 discloses a second alternate embodiment of the invention. FIG. 5 discloses a third alternative embodiment of the invention. FIG. 6 discloses a fourth alternative embodiment. FIGS. 7A and 7B disclose flow diagrams suitable for use in programming a microprocessor as the controller. The present invention provides direct feedback control of ink drop velocity. The invention eliminates the need for drop counters and evaporated loss measurement schemes of the prior art. The present invention measures the length of time required for a given volume of ink to flow through the ink jet nozzle. This information is supplied to a suitable electronic controller (for example, a microprocessor) to control one or more subsystems which cause a change in the ink flow rate as, for example, by changing the system pressure or the ink viscosity. In a typical application the ink flow rate and drop velocity is initially set, by adjustment of the pressure in the ink flow line, to a condition which yields proper drop spacing. The present invention then forces perpetuation of a constant flow rate through the nozzle orifice resulting in a stream of ink drops of essentially unchanging velocity whereby accurate deflection of the ink drops for accurate deposition of certain drops onto the substrate can be achieved. The ink flow information, which is obtained at a location remote from the nozzle orifice, represents the velocity of the drops projected from the nozzle so that such velocity can be accurately maintained. Referring to FIG. 1, a generalized schematic of the invention, applied to a typical ink drop marking system, is shown. In a typical marking system a plurality of ink drops 10, separated by a spacing D, emanate from an ink jet nozzle 12 having an orifice 14. The nozzle is acted upon by a piezo electric device 18 in a manner well known in the art (see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,512,172). The drops pass adjacent a charging electrode 17 and then through an electrical deflection field schematically represented by plates 19. Ink flows to the nozzle 12 by way of a flexible conduit 20 from a pressurized supply tank 22 which is usually remotely located from the print head. Of course, it will be recognized that a supply tank may supply ink to several ink jet nozzles. The supply tank 22 is repetitively filled by suitable means which comprise a part of the ink recirculation system designated generally at 24. Such recirculating systems may have many forms as is known in the art. Typically, a recirculation system will include an ink drop return mechanism such as the collector 26 positioned to receive ink drops which are not projected onto a substrate 27 and a conduit 28 to return the unused ink to the recirculation system 24 and then to the reservoir 22. Typical ink recirculation systems also include means for adding additional ink and solvent in order to make up for depletion during operation. A suitable substantially constant pressure source, for example, gas pressure is supplied to the tank or reservoir 22 to cause ink flow from the reservoir to the nozzle. In the preferred embodiment a compressed gas (air) pressure source 30 is provided which is a regulated source as disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,067,020. In operation the supply tank or reservoir chamber 22 is filled with an electrically conductive ink to some arbitrarily determined level as indicated at C for example. As ink flows out of the tank to the nozzle the level of ink in the tank decreases until it reaches a second, arbitrarily determined level as indicated at A. When the liquid level reaches A, a first level detector 32 is activated signalling an electronic controller 34 which initiates a time interval. Ink continues to flow out of the nozzle causing a drop in the tank level until at some later time the level of the ink in the supply tank reaches a third, arbitrarily determined level as indicated at B. A second liquid level detector 36 is activated signalling the controller 34 to cease measurement of the time interval. When the controller receives this second signal, it compares the time interval or the average of a succession of such intervals to an established reference interval. If necessary the controller then initiates suitable action, as will be described, to force the ink flow rate through the nozzle to change such that successive time intervals will approach the reference interval. The level of ink in the tank 22 after passing point B may continue to fall until some suitable level as indicated at D is reached. At this point the ink recirculation system 24 refills the supply tank. Of course, the foregoing is a generalized indication of the location of the various points A through D. Other locations can be selected as desired and, for example, point D will usually be the same as point B so that upon completing measurement of the time interval between points A and B, the recirculation system will refill the tank to level C in preparation for the next time interval measurement. As indicated, the liquid level detectors 32 and 36 provide their input to an electronic controller 34. The detector may be of any commercially available type as, for example, a magnetic float which actuates a common reed switch whereby a change in state of the reed switch (open to close or vice versa) is detected by the controller 34. The controller may be a solid state logic system or a programmed computer as, for example, a microprocessor computer system. Responsive to the switches 32 and 34, the controller will activate one or more output devices under its control as indicated schematically in FIG. 1. These devices include ink heating and/or cooling means 40, pressure control means 42 and solvent control means 44. In addition, the controller may operate an information display, such as a LED or LCD display, to provide information to an operator concerning the status of the system as indicated at 46. The specific means 40 through 44 are discussed in detail in connection with the embodiments of FIGS. 2 through 6. However, it can be seen that the invention is directly responsive to the flow rate data derived from the flow of ink between points A and B. The electronic controller adjusts system operation to insure that the flow rate of ink through the nozzle orifice 14 is such as to insure constant velocity of the ink drops through the electrically charged field. This results in a much more accurate placement of the ink drops on a substrate. The specific operation of the electronic controller is discussed in connection with FIGS. 7A and 7B. A summary of its operation, however, is presented here. The controller has a reference time for the flow of an established quantity of ink, that is the quantity of ink extant between the points A and B, set either by being programmed in or manually entered by the system operator or computed by the electronic controller. First, to initialize the system, either automatically or by operator control, the velocity of the drops is set. For example, pressure is adjusted until the desired drop velocity is obtained in the operating system. As the system operates, the controller stores and averages a number of measurements of time required for the ink to pass between levels A and B. Typically, ten measurements may be used. When the required number of measurements have been taken the reference time is compared against the average time of the actual measurements. Alternatively, the reference may be multiplied by the number of actual measurements and the comparison performed. If the actual measurements are greater than the reference, it is necessary to increase flow through the nozzle orifice. This can be effected by a number of possible actions contemplated by the present invention: (1) solvent may be added to the ink to lower its viscosity; (2) the pressure driving the ink to the nozzle may be increased; or (3) the ink temperature may be increased by heating thereby lowering ink velocity. On the other hand, if the computed total is less than the reference value, it is necessary to decrease the flow rate through the nozzle orifice and opposite actions are required. For example, simply not adding solvent to the ink will increase its viscosity due to the normal evaporative losses as the ink circulates through the marking system. Alternatively, the ink pressure can be decreased or a cooler can be used to cool the ink or a heating system turned off. The controller repeats the above actions to maintain a substantially constant measured time interval which corresponds to a substantially constant ink flow rate and that, in turn, corresponds to a substantially constant ink drop velocity. The rate at which the measurement cycles occur is a function of the size of the supply tank, typically on the order of 10 ml, the precision required and a number of related factors including whether or not the system is utilized for one ink jet nozzle or multiple nozzles. For example, with a single ink jet head it may be sufficient to check flow rate at approximately one minute intervals but shorter or longer intervals may also be employed. Referring to FIG. 2, a preferred embodiment of the invention is disclosed. In this embodiment the ink recirculation system includes a pump 50 supplying ink to the tank 22 from the catcher 26, the associated ink return means 52 and a reservoir 54 which receives fresh ink from a tank 56 and solvent from a tank 58. Whenever the electronic controller 34 commands refilling of the tank 22, pump 50 accomplishes this by drawing fluid from the reservoir 54 into the tank 22. The contents of the reservoir will be mixture of fresh ink, return ink and solvent in proportions determined, in part, by the electronic controller as will be described. When the electronic controller determines that the flow rate of ink through the tank is below the set point value, it adds solvent to the system. This is accomplished by permitting the controller to operate a valve 60 in the line 62 between the solvent tank 58 and the reservoir 54. Programmed into the controller is the flow rate of the solvent through the conduit 62 whereby the controller can determine the amount of solvent to be added and thereafter shut off the valve 60. Alternatively, the controller can be programmed to operate the valve for a fixed length of time thereby to add a known amount of solvent each time that it detects solvent is required and to continue adding solvent on subsequent operating cycles until solvent is no longer required. As indicated previously, the reservoir 54 contains fresh ink from the tank 56, return ink from the ink catcher 26 via return means 52 and the associated vacuum source 53, and solvent from the tank 58. The entry of fresh ink into the reservoir 54 can be controlled by a suitable detector 70 which opens a valve 72 whenever the liquid in the reservoir 54 drops below a specified level. Thus, the FIG. 2 embodiment measures the time interval for the ink to flow between the levels A and B in the tank 22 and makes a comparison of the data representing the flow rate against a standard value. If the flow rate is too great, it does not add make up solvent from container 58. Accordingly, as solvent evaporates viscosity increases and flow rate decreases toward the reference value. If the flow rate is insufficient, the electronic controller operates valve 60 adding solvent to the reservoir 54 thereby lowering the viscosity of the ink sent to tank 22 so that subsequent operation of the print head will result in an increased flow rate thereby to maintain the directed drop velocity. Referring to FIG. 3, a first alternative embodiment is disclosed. In this figure only the elements which are different from the previous embodiment are shown in detail. The FIG. 3 embodiment utilizes a different principle for controlling the flow rate of the drops from the nozzle. In this embodiment the electronic controller operates a pressure regulator 74 which controls the gas pressure from source 30. By increasing the pressure on the ink in the tank 22 an increased flow rate can be obtained when necessary and, of course, by decreasing the regulator pressure a decreased flow rate can be obtained. Referring to FIG. 4, a second alternate embodiment is disclosed. In this embodiment the electronic controller operates a liquid pressure regulator 76 which acts on the ink flowing through the conduit 20. The ink in the supply tank 22 is pressurized by the usual gas source 30 to a pressure higher than is required to feed ink to the nozzle. The final ink delivery pressure to the orifice is, in turn, controlled by the regulator 76 which is instead responsive to the electronic controller. Referring to FIG. 5, a third alternate embodiment of the invention is disclosed. In this embodiment temperature-viscosity relationship of the ink is employed. Ink viscosity decreases with increasing temperature and vice versa. Accordingly, the electronic conroller operates heating and/or cooling elements indicated at 80 and 82, respectively, disposed in the supply line from the tank to the nozzle. It will be apparent that only one of these units need be employed whereby viscosity can be decreased by turning on the heater and increased by turning it off or, conversely, viscosity can be increased by cooling the ink and increased by turning off the cooling unit. The use of both a heater and cooler would be an unusual application requiring extremely precise control. Both units are shown in the drawing merely for the purpose of explaining the technique of control according to the invention. A final embodiment of the invention is disclosed in FIG. 6. In this embodiment the output of a pump 84 is changed responsive to the electronic controller. Pump 84, at the end of each measurement period, supplies fresh ink from a reservoir 85 to refill the tank 22. The output of the pump 84 is increased when an increase in ink pressure is needed. Conversely, the output of the pump is decreased when the controller requires a reduction in ink pressure. In this embodiment the gas pressure source 31 differs from the sources 30 used in the previous embodiments. Source 31 is a back pressure device which does not maintain a constant pressure in the tank. Thus, if the pump 84 inceases its output, the ink pressure will be higher and vice versa. Thus, the action of the pump 84 in supplying make up ink to the tank alters the ink pressure to the nozzle. Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, flow diagrams are disclosed. As indicated previously, it is possible to implement the electronic controller according to the present invention in a number of ways including random logic, commercially available controllers modified for the purpose or, preferably, by use of a programmed microcomputer or similar device. It is preferred to use a microcomputer because a dedicated logic unit would not be flexible enough to accommodate the wide variety of applications for which an ink drop marking system is suited. By utilizing a programmable computer as the controller, changes in the system operation can be easily accommodated. As recognized by those in the art, there are many different computer systems available which are suitable for this application. Each such system has its own set of programming instructions and operating methods. Accordingly, it is not useful to provide a program listing of the instructions which such a controller would utilize as different instructions would be required for every system. In FIGS. 7a and 7B, however, there are provided flow diagrams of the functions which need to be carried out to make the invention operate as described herein. Anyone skilled in the computer programming art can utilize the flow diagrams to prepare an appropriate program for a particular microcomputer system whereby the present invention can be carried out. Referring now to FIG. 7A, a flow diagram describing a manner of programming the computer embodiment of the electronic controller is disclosed. Prior to operation of the system it is necessary to initialize it which includes providing the number of reads per cycle of operation as well as the reference value. After initialization at 95-97 the main operating routine is entered. This is indicated at point A in FIG. 7A. The first activity is to make sure that the switch and float associated with point A in the ink tank is in the correct position to begin sensing ink flow. For that purpose a debounce routine is provided as indicated at 100. Thus, the system will not initiate operation, by arming the switch A, until it has verified that the tank has been refilled, the switch is in the correct position and has stopped oscillating or "bouncing". At that point in time switch A is armed and enabled to signal the controller when the ink level drops below point A, as indicated at 102. The computer then enters a loop indicated at 103 in which it repetitively monitors switch A until it detects that the switch has opened at which time the counting interval begins as indicated at 104. The program next enters a second loop monitoring the state of switch B until it too is detected as open as indicated at 105. When switch B opens it is detected and the counting interval terminates and the time of the interval is read by the program at 106 and stored in an appropriate memory location. The time for this interval, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, is then added to the time for the previous reads in a particular cycle as indicated at 107. As previously indicated, however, it is possible, instead of accumulating a total of previous reads, to average them in which case a different reference value would be utilized. The progam next checks to see if the number of reads or times that a counting interval has been completed equals the number specified during system initialization. If not, the program branches back to the beginning and conducts further counting intervals. When the number of reads does equal the number specified during initialization, the program branches to 109 where a comparison is made of the total time for all intervals against the reference value. Box 109 represents the type of program which would be utilized for the preferred embodiment of FIG. 2 as well as for the embodiment of FIG. 5 in which the viscosity of the ink is altered responsive to the need for adjustment in the flow rate. FIG. 7B discloses the appropriate portion of the flow diagram for the remaining embodiments as will be discussed presently. In the case of FIG. 7A, if the total time measured is less than or equal to the reference value, this means that the flow rate is equal to or greater than the desired value. Accordingly, it is not desired to thin the ink or heat it, either of which would reduce its viscosity and increase flow rate. Accordingly, in that case the program branches back to the beginning via a subroutine indicated at 110 which clears the read total and the sample count to begin a new cycle. Alternatively, if the total time exceeds the reference value, then the flow rate is less than the rate desired and, accordingly, the program permits the controller to initiate corrective action. In the case of the FIG. 2 embodiment, the solvent valve 60 is actuated adding solvent to the reservoir 54 which, in turn, is supplied to the tank 22 resulting in a reduced viscosity for the ink and an increased flow rate. Similarly, in the case of the FIG. 5 embodiment, the ink heater would be activated to warm the ink sufficiently to reduce its viscosity, achieving the same result. Likewise, if an ink cooler were used the program would be reversed so that if the ink were flowing too quickly, cooling would be turned on whereas if it were flowing too slowly, cooling would be turned off. After the solvent or temperature control activity indicated at 111 occurs, the program branches back to the beginning via subroutine 110. Referring to FIG. 7B, the modification to the flow diagram required for the embodiments of FIGS. 3, 4 and 6 is disclosed. FIG. 7B replaces the portion of the FIG. 7A flow diagram from point B on. As with the FIG. 7A flow diagram, when the specified number of reads has occurred, the program makes a comparison. In the case of FIG. 7B the first comparison, as indicated at 112, is whether the total time is equal to the reference value. If so, no pressure adjustment is required and accordingly the program branches, via subroutine 110 back to the beginning. If, however, the total time does not equal the reference value, it is necessary to determine if the total time is greater than or less than the reference value. If greater, as indicated at 114, pressure is increased by a fixed amount and the program branches back to the beginning. If the total time is less than the reference value, it is necessary to decrease the pressure, as indicated at 116, and then the program branches back. It will be apparent, depending upon which embodiment, FIGS. 3, 4 or 6, is utilized increasing or decreasing the pressure will take the form of adjusting a regulator valve for the air source 30 (FIG. 3), adjusting a regulator valve in the ink conduit (FIG. 4) or adjusting the rate of the pump 84 (FIG. 6). All of these functions, however, can be accomplished by the electronic controller via appropriate solenoids, relays, solid state switches, etc., well known to those skilled in the art. While we have shown and described embodiments of the invention, it will be understood that this description and illustrations are offered merely by way of example, and that the invention is to be limited in scope only as to the appended claims. Patent Citations
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Atlantic Technology AT-2 Loudspeaker Page 2
H-PAS stands for Hybrid Pressure Acceleration System. How does it work? The 5.25-inch woofer's backwave embarks on an extraordinary journey as it is captured, pressurized, and accelerated through a cascade of structures. Starting with a small woofer is part of the plan, and it does more than just save space. According to Atlantic Technology, the lighter woofer ultimately delivers better transient response and more detailed bass at the same low frequencies that normally require a larger woofer to achieve. Another benefit: Since the system inherently results in high sound-pressure levels (SPL) and low distortion, it is said to negate the need for high-power amplification normally required to get big bass from a small driver.
Let's pretend you're a backwave coming off the AT-2's woofer and the AT-2 enclosure is the acoustic equivalent of a luxury spa. Here is what happens to you:
The woofer expels you into a heavily damped lobby, which acts similar to an acoustic suspension chamber to provide some degree of driver control. Heading to the gym for a workout, you're whooshed through a multi-segmented chamber that narrows like an inverse horn, which pressurizes and accelerates you for greater output.
But it's been a tumultuous travel day, and you're still frazzled, so you pass by the bass trap, which strives to peel off harmonic distortion and leave it behind in the equivalent of your post-workout massage. Finally, you dress up for the evening and go out on the town through a baffle slot at the bottom of the speaker that outwardly resembles both a horn and a port. By this time you're a lean, mean, bass wave—ready to take on Charles Mingus.
Keeping with this analogy, the Atlantic Technology team read the description above and added the following: "AT has developed a sophisticated mathematical model that describes and predicts every aspect of H-PAS behavior. Every angle, internal dimension, chamber volume, and driver parameter is fed into the formula. This mathematical model is like a personal trainer with advanced graduate degrees in nutrition and anatomy/physiology. To you, it may seem as if you're just working out at the gym. But in reality, every move, every exercise, every gram of protein you consume has a specific purpose toward a precise outcome. And so it is with H-PAS, and its internal puzzle of chambers, partitions, and angles. It is all there for a reason, all very intentional and calculated."
This cutaway diagram shows generally how H-PAS works in the AT-2. Although this is a 2D drawing that only shows top-to-bottom airflow, the chambers actually work in three dimensions, and the width and diameters of the openings and angles vary side to side as well. To assist in the design of H-PAS speakers, AT has developed a sophisticated, predictive algorithm that allows its engineers to hold any one variable constant (i.e. desired low frequency -3 dB point, driver size/parameters, system sensitivity, cabinet volume) and determine the other values based on the held variable. (The diagram is strictly representational, and no measurements or dimensional relationships among the components and chambers should be inferred.)


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Essentials Massage & Facials' Spa professionals relax weary bodies with a collection of therapeutic services. Soothing massages employ a collection of kneads, strokes, and manipulations to reduce tension and disentangle body knots, with luxurious add-ons such as paraffin treatments and aromatherapy. The skin-savvy techs also rid frames of unwanted stubble with waxing services, smooth out wrinkles with chemical peels and microdermabrasion, and soften countenances with professional skincare products during facials.
Keeping client satisfaction at the forefront of its mission, the Avalon Med Spa and Laser Center recently underwent a complete overhaul that included acquiring the award-winning G.M. Collin product line, as well as a new therapist, physician, and staff. A medical director and board certified-internist leads a team of professionals, including one member with certification in aesthetic medicine, and special training in medical informatics. The wide-reaching expertise of its staff enables Avalon Med Spa to deliver a varied menu of aesthetic services that includes everything from laser hair removal to teeth whitening, Botox, and body wraps.
Devoted to bettering the patient experience, the center also nestles clients into a relaxing environment replete with plush couches and a waiting lounge done up in warm, neutral tones. Hardwood floors lead clients back to a private treatment room, where the elegant décor relaxes with furnishings such as draped, olive-green curtains, frosted sconces, and a wall waterfall that trickles out droplets harvested from the fountain of youth.:m]]
As its name implies, Executive Physiques Spa and Fitness houses the best of both worlds: a fitness center where personal trainers devise custom, calorie-burning exercise routines, and a relaxing oasis where massage therapists and aestheticians tend to skin and strained muscles. The fitness center's trainers and instructors regularly attend workshops to keep their skills sharp. Rather than use their strength to twist clients' arms into signing contracts, they focus on developing the exciting workouts that anchor their drop-in fitness classes. The spa's staff pick up where they leave off, soothing feet in ion baths and erasing fine lines with nonsurgical face-lifts.
Licensed massage therapist Heidi Garrett soothes bodies and minds with customized massage techniques and alternative therapies such as reiki, crystal therapy, and chakra balancing. Heidi incorporates techniques from Swedish massage, trigger-point therapy, myofascial release, and reflexology to accommodate each session to her clients' unique needs and wellness plans. Long, flowing strokes alternate with firm taps as Heidi focuses on pressure points to reduce stress and help heal muscles pulled while shot-putting SUVs out of stolen parking spaces.
Since 1986, Shear Art Salon & Spa has provided professional, talented stylists who carefully help achieve their clients' beautifying objectives. If you have an unwanted shade of hair on your head, Shear Art Salon will color it (starting at $49). If you don't have enough hair, Shear Art can give you extensions (prices determined per consultation). If you have too much hair, Shear Art can cut it in a way that makes you feel content (starting at $35 for women, $28 for men). If your hair already makes you feel content, Shear Art will give you a manicure (starting at $25) or pedicure (starting at $42) to make your fingers and toes content enough to match your highly contented hair. Sometimes, when the tides of stress rise, you need a firm pat on the back to sooth your pains, preferably from experienced hands. Shear Art spa services include therapeutic treatments for your body, such as seven distinctive massages (starting at $48), facials and peels (starting at $63), spray tanning (starting at $34), professional makeup application (starting at $40), and bridal packages (starting at $180 per person).
Hand & Stone Massage and Facial Spa's staff of beautifiers tunes tendons and harmonizes physiques with an array of pampering services. During a 10-minute massage consultation, a massage therapist will determine the best way to melt tension and aches left over from stressful things, such as jobs and stress. Each personalized 50-minute knot-kneading session combines several techniques to help relieve muscle tension, recharge bodily batteries by increasing circulation, and tranquillize the mind.


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Orange marmalade flavored with 10-year-old whisky. Photographs courtesy of Blake Hill Preserves
I first met Vicky Allard and Joe Hanglin, the culinary couple behind Blake Hill Preserves, at KosherFest 2013, the annual celebration of all things kosher. Tucked away in the New Products room, slightly removed from the hubbub of hungry throngs sampling free food, the two stood behind a modest table covered with tiny spoons, crackers and a glistening kaleidoscope of preserves. My feet were sore; my palate spent, but Vicky's chirpy British accent and a cracker slicked in amber roped me back in for a final nibble. Or, well, three. OK, maybe four.
Longtime patrons will miss Café Edison dearly. Photographs by Hadas Margulies
After a campaign to save Café Edison failed, the eatery has closed. The Midtown café that catered to Broadway workers, tourists and locals for 34 years served its last matzo ball soup this weekend, and former patrons seem heartbroken.
"The closing of Café Edison speaks to what's happening to our city," a dismayed regular told me at the bar as she paid for her french fries and potato soup. "The city is losing its character, and it makes me sad," she added wistfully.
Photograph by Molly Yeh
A love of winter runs in my family. We love soup and sweaters, and we look forward to the shorter days when that means we have fewer people convincing us to go and do outside things and more reasons to stay inside with cookbooks, a fire in the fireplace and a batch of cookie dough or two. We're cozy folk and we know it.
So consider my move to one of the coldest cities in America a big old love note to winter. People thought it was a bit odd, but last year, for my first winter, I got to buy new sweaters and had every reason in the world to stay inside and bake — sometimes the people on the news even told us to stay inside! It's like they knew me.
These days, no drink goes down that's not warmed up and served in a mug. Hot cocoa is obviously a perfect cold weather companion, but I have to admit that in recent years around the holidays it's taken a back seat to sweets of higher priority, like sufganiyot and more sufganiyot.
The other day I came across a link on Tablet to a Munchies video of comedian Eiot Glazer in a kitchen, wearing an apron and making gold-dusted Hanukkah gelt. The gelt looked really good, and Glazer's banter was a hoot — take a look. (Start paying attention to the video close to the 1½-minute mark — trust me on this.)
By the way, upon further exploration I also found a video of Gefilteria's Liz Alpern making apple-pear sauce for latkes. Definitely also worth a peek.
h/t Tablet Magazine
Photograph courtesy of Breads Bakery
I cannot tell a lie: I've never made sufganiyot. I feel a little sheepish about this, because when you're a food editor and a recipe developer, as I am, people seem to expect that you've done it all.
I was so impressed when I read Gayle Squires' story last week about tackling jelly doughnuts for the first time, and her step-by-step recipe sounds fabulous, but aside from a short period when I made my own beer-batter-fried fish, and one or two attempts at fried chicken, I've just never been the deep-frying kind.
This is a sporadic column by Bay Area personal chef Alix Wall, in which she evaluates a cookbook by making some of its recipes, sharing them with friends and asking what they think of the results. This time, she cooks her way through the 40th-anniversary edition of the "Moosewood Cookbook."
Does the "Moosewood Cookbook" really need an introduction? Don't you have your own splatter-stained copy that's been on your shelf as long as you've been cooking? Or maybe your mom handed it down to you when you moved out on your own? After all, it's been in print 40 years, and remains one of the most popular cookbooks of all time.
Ten Speed Press, the Berkeley-based publisher that got its start along with the "Moosewood," recently put out a 40th-anniversary edition. If you bought the updated (read: lightened up on the dairy and eggs) version from 1992, there's no need to buy this one. And if you're still cooking from your original, as I am, you don't have to run out to buy this edition either. However, if you know some youngsters who are unfamiliar with "The Moosewood Cookbook," the 40th anniversary is indeed a fine time to introduce them to a book that came out when vegetarianism was still relegated to the hippies.
Photograph by Alix Wall
This very simple and rich-tasting soup can be made with no dairy products.
Fennel is well-known as a seasoning, particularly in seed form. It is less well known as a vegetable: a light green bulb that is crunchy, juicy, and deeply, though subtly, flavored.
Preparation time: about 40 minute
Yield: about 6 servings
1 tablespoon butter or oil
4 cups thinly sliced onions
2 teaspoons salt
4 medium potatoes (average fist-sized), not necessarily peeled, and sliced into thin pieces 1 to 2 inches long
1 cup freshly minced fennel bulb
½ teaspoon caraway seeds
4 cups water
White pepper, to taste
Optional toppings: sour cream, thinned (by beating with a little whisk in a little bowl), the feathery tops of the fennel, well minced
1) Melt the butter (or heat the oil) in a kettle or Dutch oven. Add the onions and 1 teaspoon salt. Cook over medium-low heat, stirring occasionally, for about 15 to 20 minutes, or until the onions are very, very soft and lightly browned.
2) Add the potatoes, another ½ teaspoon of salt, the minced fennel bulb and the caraway seeds. Sauté over medium heat for another 5 minutes, then add the water. Bring to a boil, then partially cover and simmer until the potatoes are tender (5 to 10 minutes).
3) Taste to adjust salt; add white pepper. Serve hot, topped with a decorative swirl of thinned sour cream and/or minced feathery fennel tops.
Photograph by Alix Wall
This delicious and straightforward apple strudel can be made several days in advance and stored, unbaked, in the refrigerator (tightly wrapped.) Baked strudel also keeps very well in the refrigerator or freezer if wrapped airtight. If you freeze it, defrost completely before reheating it, uncover in a 350˚ F oven for about 10 minutes, until crispened.
30 minutes to prepare; 35 minutes to bake
Yield: 8 to 10 servings
Note: To make fine bread crumbs, cut several thick slices of whole wheat or white bread, and let them dry out for a few hours. Then toast the slices lightly, and grind them to a fine meal in a blender or food processor.
6 tablespoons vegetable oil — or ½ cup melted butter — or oil spray
1 ½ pounds tart apples (about 8 medium ones), peeled and chopped
¼ cup sugar
A pinch of salt
1 teaspoon cinnamon
3 tablespoons fresh lemon juice
1 tablespoon grated lemon rind
½ cup minced walnuts, lightly toasted
¼ cup raisins (optional)
1 cup grated cheddar cheese (optional)
1 pound package filo pastry
1) Preheat oven to 375˚ F. Brush a baking tray with a little of the oil or melted butter, or spray it with oil spray. (Save most of the oil or butter for the filo.)
2) Place all the ingredients except the filo in a large bowl, and toss gently until everything is evenly distributed.
3) Place a sheet of filo on a clean, dry surface, and brush it lightly all over with oil or melted butter — or spray it with oil spray. Lay another sheet on top, oil or butter it all over and continue until you have a pile of 6. Distribute 1/3 of the apple mixture at one end, fold over the sides and roll it up.
4) Oil or butter the top of the roll, then transfer it to the prepared tray. Repeat with the remaining ingredients to make 2 more rolls.
5) Bake for about 35 minutes, or until lightly browned and exquisitely crisp. Serve warm or at room temperature.
Oil is certainly a controversial subject, with issues ranging from fat content to smoke point to quality. Each nutritional school of thought seems to offer a different perspective. In honor of Hanukkah, Judaism's celebration of oil, here is yet another: the holistic point of view.
As a student of traditional Chinese medicine, I love oil. Healthy fats like the oils I'm about to discuss — as well as avocados, nut butters and coconut — don't stand a chance in my pantry. I roll through them like sufganiyot from a spilled box.
A quarterly shipment, pre-flight. Photograph courtesy of Koofsa
Inbal Baum, founder and guide of Delicious Israel culinary tours, has launched a mouth-watering new business for U.S.-based foodies who swoon over Israeli flavors but can't find an exciting range of authentic products here.
With the recent launch of Koofsa (which means "box" in Hebrew), Baum is offering an enticing opportunity for people in the U.S. to support Israel's small food producers, family food businesses and other culinary creatives, while tasting a wide range of Israeli edibles in their own kitchens.
Image courtesy of William Greenberg Desserts
First, we had Hanukkah bushes. Then came Mensch on a Bench.
But is the world ready for Hanukkah gingerbread houses, a Semitic spin on the most goyish of holiday foods?
William Greenberg Desserts thinks so. The venerable bakery — which sells only kosher products — offers festive gingerbread abodes, complete with microscopic mezuzahs and miniscule menorahs, as it has for the past decade.
Buying fair trade chocolate — in the form of gelt, or even sufganiyot — makes particular sense on Hanukkah, when we celebrate freedom from tyranny. Photo courtesy of Ilana Schatz.
When I first learned about the issue of trafficked child labor in cocoa fields, I immediately thought of the gelt that I've eaten every Hanukkah since I was a young girl. The sweetness of its taste in my mouth while playing dreidel is deeply embedded in my memory.
But now I had been introduced to its true bittersweet character.
Today, young children are trafficked and forced into working on cocoa farms in the Ivory Coast, where more than half the world's cocoa is grown. Many have been kidnapped from surrounding countries and brought to the Ivory Coast against their will. They are forced to work long hours, often without pay, and receive no education. Their work involves hazardous chemicals and pesticides and dangerous machetes.
Photograph courtesy of Ilana Schatz
On Hanukkah, chocolate need not be confined to gelt. After tasting one of these warm, chocolate-filled sufganiyot, you won't want to return to the old jelly-filled standard.
Use fair trade chocolate to ensure the freedom of cocoa workers on the holiday that celebrates the Maccabees' fight against oppression.
¾ cup warm water
1 tablespoon active dry yeast
2 ½ cups all-purpose flour (keep some handy for your work surface)
¾ cup sugar
½ tablespoon salt
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
2 tablespoons unsalted butter
2 large eggs, separated
Peanut oil, as necessary
¼ cup 70% Fair Trade bittersweet or milk chocolate
¼ cup raspberry jam (optional)
Photograph by Deborah R. Prinz
This easy recipe incorporates chocolate Hanukkah gelt and rich peanut-butter cookies. Not only is the cookie delicious with the chocolate, but it provides a great way to feature the gelt. Try to find high-quality gelt made with good chocolate that has few (if any) additives. Using dark chocolate gelt will keep this gluten-free cookie parve.
The gelt of Hanukkah recalls the booty, which included coins, that the Maccabean victors distributed to the Jewish widows, soldiers and orphans — possibly at the first celebration of the rededication of the Jerusalem Temple.
In ancient Israel, striking, minting and distributing coins expressed Hanukkah's message of freedom. The Maccabees' descendants, known as the Hasmoneans, who ruled Judea, started to strike coins. As the book of 1 Maccabees records, Syria's King Antiochus VII said to Simon Maccabee, "I turn over to you the right to make your own stamp for coinage for your country" (15:6).
Enjoy stamping these cookies with chocolate gelt — and eating and sharing them over the holiday.
Foodie Family: The Pollan women are (from left to right) sisters Dana, Tracy and Lori and their mother, Corky. Photograph by John Kernick.
The members of my family are, for the most part, smart, accomplished, attractive and close to one another. I've always been pretty keen on them. But now that I have a window into another family, the Pollans, I sort of feel as if my own is somehow lacking.
Of course I knew that Michael Pollan was basically the spiritual leader of the sustainability (and sensible eating) movement in the United States. I knew that Corky Pollan was the writer whose Best Bets column I always flipped to first when she was at New York magazine. I knew that Tracy Pollan played the smart, beautiful girlfriend of Alex P. Keaton on the 1980s sitcom Family Ties, and that she later married her leading man, Michael J. Fox.
But I didn't know — did you? — that all of these Pollans (along with two more beautiful and accomplished sisters, Lori and Dana) were members of the same nuclear family.
Photograph by Quentin Bacon
This dish is such a stunner and a crowd pleaser. The depth of the Grand Marnier with the zestiness of the citrus creates the most amazing flavor.
Serves 4
¼ cup plus 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
¼ cup plus 1 tablespoon fresh lemon juice
¼ cup fresh honey tangerine (Murcott orange) juice
½ cup dry white wine
1 tablespoon whole-grain mustard
3 tablespoons Grand Marnier (or other orange liqueur)
1 tablespoon light brown sugar
½ teaspoon paprika
¼ teaspoon crushed red pepper flakes
½ medium red onion, cut lengthwise, then cut into thin half-moon slices
7 or 8 sprigs fresh thyme
Kosher salt
Freshly ground black pepper
8 or 9 pieces chicken (breasts, thighs and legs; about 4 pounds)
10 cloves garlic, peeled
1 lemon, washed, thinly sliced, and seeded
1 honey tangerine (Murcott orange), washed, thinly sliced and seeded
Note: If Murcott oranges are not available, use any tangerines, mandarins or juice oranges.
1) For the marinade, in a small mixing bowl, combine ¼ cup of the oil, the lemon and tangerine juices, the wine, mustard, Grand Marnier, brown sugar, paprika, red pepper flakes, onion, 2 of the thyme sprigs, 1½ teaspoons of salt and ½ teaspoon of pepper.
2) Place the chicken in a large plastic bag. Pour in the marinade, seal and turn to coat completely. Marinate in the refrigerator for at least 1 hour or overnight.
3) Remove the chicken from the refrigerator, ideally 1 hour before cooking if you have marinated it overnight. Set racks in the middle and upper third of the oven. Preheat the oven to 450˚ F.
4) Place a colander over a large mixing bowl and drain the chicken, reserving the marinade along with the onion and thyme. Remove the chicken and dry thor¬oughly with paper towels. Pour the marinade, onion and thyme into a rimmed baking sheet.
5) In a large skillet, heat 1 tablespoon of the remaining oil over medium-high heat until shimmering. Add half the chicken pieces skin side down (do not crowd them) and reduce the heat to medium. Cook for 4 to 5 minutes, undisturbed, until a dark golden crust forms. Remove the chicken from the skillet and place on the baking sheet, skin side up, on top of the marinade.
6) Wipe the skillet clean. Add the remaining tablespoon of oil and repeat with the remaining chicken. Transfer the chicken to the baking sheet, reserving the oil in the skillet. Turn off the heat and let the skillet cool for 1 minute.
7) Add the garlic to the oil in the skillet and turn the heat to medium. Cook the garlic for 3 minutes, flipping it halfway through until the garlic is lightly browned on both sides. Transfer the garlic to the baking sheet with the chicken.
8) Arrange the lemon and tangerine slices around and under the chicken. Lay 3 sprigs of thyme on top and season with salt and pepper. Bake on the middle rack for 25 to 30 minutes, until the internal temperature reaches 165° F on an instant-read thermometer and the juices run clear.
9) Remove the baking sheet from the oven and raise the temperature to broil. Transfer the chicken pieces to a serving platter, leaving the marinade, citrus, onion and garlic on the sheet. Broil on the upper rack for 4 to 5 minutes, until the citrus slices caramelize. Remove the sheet from the oven and arrange the citrus, garlic, and onion under, on and around the chicken. Garnish with a few sprigs of thyme.
10) Pour the liquid from the baking sheet into a small saucepan over medium-high heat and bring to a boil. Reduce the heat to low and simmer until the sauce reduces by a third, 8 to 10 minutes.
11) Serve the chicken warm with the sauce passed separately.
Excerpted from THE POLLAN FAMILY TABLE by Corky, Lori, Dana and Tracy Pollan. Copyright © 2014 by Old Harvest Way, LLC. Excerpted with permission by Scribner, a Division of Simon & Schuster.
Photograph by John Kernick
This is our favorite recipe of our grandmother's and the first one she taught us to make. Yiddish for "almond bread," mandelbrot is the Jewish version of biscotti. Because these cookies are twice-baked, they are crisp and crunchy — and highly addictive. Delicious served with coffee, tea and dessert wine for dunking — or as Grandma Mary sometimes did, eaten for breakfast.
1 cup blanched slivered almonds
1 cup plus 1 tablespoon chopped raw walnuts
3¼ cups all-purpose flour plus extra for flouring the work surface
1 teaspoon baking powder
¼ teaspoon kosher salt
4 large eggs
1¼ cups plus 2 tablespoons granulated sugar
½ cup canola oil
1 teaspoon pure vanilla extract
½ teaspoon almond extract
¾ teaspoon ground cinnamon
1 cup golden raisins
1 large egg white
1) Set a rack in the middle of the oven and preheat the oven to 350° F.
2) Spread the almonds and 1 cup of the walnuts on a rimmed baking sheet. Bake until they are toasted and fragrant, 5 to 7 minutes. Let cool on the pan. Leave the oven on.
3) In a medium mixing bowl, sift together 3 cups of the flour, the baking powder, and salt. Set aside. In large mixing bowl, whisk together the 4 whole eggs and 1¼ cups of the sugar. Whisk in the oil, vanilla extract, almond extract, and ¼ teaspoon of the cinnamon. Gradually stir in the flour mixture, blending with a wooden spoon. Fold in the toasted nuts and the raisins. The dough should be soft and workable but not sticky. If it is sticky add more flour, a tablespoon at a time, not to exceed ¼ cup. (You can also cover and refrigerate the dough for 20 minutes to 1 hour to make it more workable. If you do, turn off the oven now and turn it back on when you are about to shape the dough.)
4) Finely chop the remaining 1 tablespoon of walnuts. Put them in a small mixing bowl and add the remaining 2 tablespoons of sugar and ½ teaspoon of ground cinnamon.
5) Line a rimmed baking sheet with parchment paper.
6) Transfer the dough to a floured work surface and divide it into thirds. Dampen your hands with cold water and shape each piece into a log about 3 inches wide and 12 inches long. Place the logs on the parchment paper-lined baking sheet, leaving 3 inches between them. Use your hands to even the sides of the logs, creating long rectangles.
7) Whisk the egg white in a small mixing bowl to make an egg wash. Brush egg wash onto the top of each log. Sprinkle each with a third of the cinnamon sugar-walnut blend, about 1 tablespoon each.
8) Bake until golden and firm to the touch, about 35 minutes. Remove from the oven but leave the oven on. Let the loaves cool slightly, only 3 to 5 minutes. (Do not let the loaves cool too long or the slices will crumble when you cut them.)
9) Transfer the loaves to a cutting board. Using a serrated knife, cut each on the diagonal into ½-inch slices. Arrange the cookies in a single layer on two ungreased rimmed baking sheets, cut side down.
10) Set racks in the upper and lower thirds of the oven and place one pan on each. Bake until lightly toasted, 5 to 7 minutes. Flip the pieces and rotate the sheets top to bottom and front to back to ensure even baking. Bake for an additional 5 to 7 minutes, until toasted on the second side.
11) Transfer the cookies to wire cooling racks and let them cool completely. Store in an airtight container.
Excerpted from THE POLLAN FAMILY TABLE by Corky, Lori, Dana and Tracy Pollan. Copyright © 2014 by Old Harvest Way, LLC. Excerpted with permission by Scribner, a Division of Simon & Schuster.
Photograph by Jon Wunder
Gift No. 3
The holiday season is upon us, which for many means a time of social gatherings, family, friends and traditions both religious and secular.
This time of year brings me back to my youth, when I believed December was the time the Jews celebrated Hanukkah as well as Passover — when Santa Claus passed over our house and went to everyone else's. Were it not for Cecil B. DeMille and his documentary, "The Ten Commandments," I might still be disillusioned.
Needless to say, as an adult I have no sentimental attachment to any of December's celebrations, but thanks to Shmaltz Brewing Company, that is all about to change. Because if there's one tradition I can full invest in, it's one that involves craft beer.
For a slick Hanukkah gift, think oil. Sprayer and cruet images courtesy of Williams-Sonoma
Gift No. 2
What would Hanukkah be without oil? A very sad celebration of dry doughnuts, tasteless latkes and darkness, I'm sure.
This season, celebrate one of the eight days of light with the gift of oil — in three forms.
First, the oil sprayer ($24.95). This non-aerosol, stainless steel beauty, from Williams-Sonoma, is both eco- and waistline-friendly. It's ideal for lightly lubricating latke pans and baking sheets.
White House chef Sam Kass is packing up his knives and heading to New York to be with his bride.
The White House announced today that Sam Kass — private chef to the Obamas, senior policy advisor on nutrition policy and executive director of the first lady's Let's Move! Initiative — has resigned.
Kass, 34, is moving to New York to live with his wife, MSNBC anchor Alex Wagner, whom he married in August 2014 at farm-to-table mecca Blue Hill at Stone Barns. The first family attended the wedding.


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News & Events
Submit Nominations for Women's Philanthropy Society Awards
Honor a female friend or colleague who spends time and energy on behalf of others, making our community a better place. Nominations are due by Feb. 13.
Scholarship Fund Announced to Honor Newly Retired Cabell Huntington Hospital CEO
The Brent A. Marsteller Scholarship Fund honors Cabell Huntington Hospital's retiring president and chief executive officer's commitment to medical education. It will benefit students at the Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine,
Brent A. Marsteller Announces Retirement
Brent A. Marsteller, president and chief executive officer of CHH, has announced his retirement, effective December 31, 2014. Mr. Marsteller intends to continue to contribute to the success of the hospital as a consultant.
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The Cabell Huntington Hospital Breast Health Center and the Edwards Comprehensive Cancer Center Diagnostic Breast Center are the only breast centers in Huntington to earn NAPBC accreditation.
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The iPod mini: Visceral, Behavioral, Reflective
AppleMatters as written an editorial focusing on the iPod mini's looks, feel, functionailty and what it says about the user "iPod mini: The physical clicking is back! It is a joy to feel button feedback. Color! Those anodized colors, which are agonizing to figure out which one you should have. Aluminum! The matte feel of aluminum is superior in every way to clammy, greasy chrome and gloss plastic."
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Eh.. that was mainly a load of @ss in my opinion.. but some good points..
Posted by Syph on March 15, 2004 at 11:14 AM (CST)
given that it's an audio player, how come there wasn't even a mention of audio-related observations, instead of just all-around UI/look praisings?
no mention on whether audio quality has been improved (several INDEPENDENT reviews have shown that in comparison to other mp3 players, the ipod sounds flat), or whether needed-features like gapless playback is supported or if it eventually will be supported.
Posted by eh on March 15, 2004 at 11:25 AM (CST)
aluminum is nice, but it will never feel as sexy in my hand as chrome. mmmmm…chrome.
Posted by dave on March 15, 2004 at 2:28 PM (CST)
This review was ok, mostly UI stuff. I would still rather pay $50 more to get 5 times the storage. The iPod mini does look good though. Once they come out with a iPod mini that has the storage capacity of 20 GB, then I will buy one. By then though Apple have have come out with a 50 or 100 GB iPod for $300 to $500. I don't think the iPod (or mini) sounds flat compared to other players, if so then adjust the equilizer setting. I don't have my eq settings on, it would drastically drain my battery as is because I blast the audio in the my iPod so I get about 7 hours of playback instead of the 8.
Posted by icanbeehtoo on March 16, 2004 at 9:30 AM (CST)
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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
As you select categories, the number of matching recipes will update.
Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
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"Delicious! I added a stick of celery and used minced garlic 1 tbsp and minced ginger 2 tbsp. I added the juice of one orange and accidentally used 3 tablespoons of oil instead of 1. I blended the coriander in whole and freash and didn't reheat it - it was fantastic!"


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After celebrating 50-years of mainframe success, IBM was not about to rest on its laurels. Rather, it was time to... » read more
BMC adds automated change and request management to workload batch processing with its Control-M Workload Change Manager. The intent is... » read more
CA Technologies held its annual Analyst event in New York City between snow storms which disrupted air traffic around the... » read more
About a year ago, HP introduced HAVEn to the market as capability to be used to work with HADOOP to... » read more
IBM is no stranger to committing large sums of research and development funds for longer term benefits. Want some examples?... » read more
CEO Mark Steel provides his thoughts on this year's IP EXPO Europe, one of IT's biggest events in the industry's... » read more
One of Gartner's top 10 technology trends for 2014, the Internet of Things (IoT) will inevitably be disruptive in forcing... » read more
Every quarter the Zurich SME Risk Index analyses how concerned SMEs are about the risks their businesses face, identifying key... » read more


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- Telephone fraud on the rise, BBB reports
- Pet Talk: The seeing eye guide dog birthday
- State Police seize 155 pounds of cannabis during traffic stop
- Mitt Romney won't run in 2016
- Man shot three times near Oakley Avenue, West Jefferson Street
- Goodwill's free income tax sites open Jan. 30
- Rock Valley College hosts FAFSA Completion Night Feb. 4
- Stateline Fruit and Vegetable Growers Conference Feb. 5
- Cardiology Millennium Conference Feb. 2
- Scammers lurking to trap last-minute Super Bowl ticket buyers
SwedishAmerican honors community service
This year, SwedishAmerican Health System presented Betty Henry Community Service Awards to two individuals (cancer survivor Rebecca Shaffer and Director of Oncology Services Diane Scoville) and one organization. The award is given annually in honor of Betty Henry, a long-time Rockford-area community volunteer who died of cancer in 1994.
Rebecca Shafer — In 2002, Shaffer was diagnosed with stage IV colon cancer. In the years since her initial treatment, she has had two relapses and dealt with more chemotherapy, radiation and several long-term side effects. Through all of this, her unstoppable spirit and faith have carried her through her fight. She has volunteered for numerous cancer-related events, always giving back. She has helped bring National Cancer Survivor's Day to Rockford in 2006, 2007 and 2008; is an active volunteer for The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society's Light the Night Walk; is a Wish Granter for the Make-A-Wish Foundation; is a mentor to those recently diagnosed with cancer; and in her spare time, is an active member of the SwedishAmerican Regional Cancer Center Patient & Family Advocacy Committee.
Diane Scoville — Scoville received the Betty Henry Community Service Award for her passion and giving of her time to our community. Despite her busy schedule, she manages to share time volunteering for many of the Regional Cancer Center events, including the NIP Out Cancer Pickleball tournament, Relay for Life, Making Strides for Breast Cancer, Guys Night Out, SM/SF fund-raisers and the Chemo Cargo Golf Day. She has also redeveloped the Patient and Family Advisory Council to serve as a venue for current and former patients, family members and staff to come together to improve programming at the Cancer Center.
Joy Bags — The 2012 Betty Henry Corporate Service Award went to Shelly Hall, creator of "Joy Bags," fabric totes that are filled with notes of encouragement and prayer. To date, the Regional Cancer Center estimates that more than 500 Joy Bags have been given to oncology patients throughout the northern Illinois region.
Posted Jan. 23, 2013


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Paul J. Bruemmer | August 15, 2001 | Comments
It's common knowledge that job one is to get listed in major search vehicles. But other, lesser-known search engines are growing and can give you additional reach. One of those is FAST's AlltheWeb.com, recently relaunched.
It's common knowledge among search engine optimization (SEO) experts and do-it-yourselfers that job one is to get listed in major search vehicles, such as Yahoo, Google, Inktomi, dmoz, and LookSmart. But other, lesser-known search engines are growing and can give you additional reach.
One of these, AlltheWeb.com, recently relaunched with significant changes, making it more usable and relevant. AlltheWeb is part of Fast Search & Transfer (FAST), a search services software company founded in 1997 by scientists from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. FAST provides search capabilities in three environments: Internet (AlltheWeb.com), enterprise (Site Search, Intranet Search, and PartnerSite), and mobile (Mobile Search).
I'd like to highlight some of the features and benefits of AlltheWeb and touch briefly on the benefits of enterprise and mobile search. I'm not affiliated with FAST, nor did the company approach me to do a story. I simply feel that this information would be of value to those who are not yet aware of it.
What's Unique About AlltheWeb?
In the Internet environment, AlltheWeb indexes over 625 million full-text pages and crawls over 1.6 billion URLs. It also indexes 70 million multimedia files, 2 million MP3 files, and 150 million FTP listings. It receives approximately 8 million queries per day. Below are a few key differentiators that distinguish it from competitors:
Submission Information
The submission process is easy. Go to the submit page and fill in the URL and your email address. You only need to submit one page from each site/host. Submitting multiple pages per site will neither reduce indexing time nor increase ranking.
The time it takes to be indexed varies, depending on factors such as the number of pages in the site and whether the site has already been visited recently. Normally, sites are indexed within a couple of weeks. There is no guarantee that pages will be indexed when submitted, but resubmitting on a regular basis will not affect indexing time.
A complete Webmaster FAQ is available.
Enterprise and Mobile Services
FAST also offers search services of interest to B2B andB2C marketers. Its enterprise and mobile search tools are described below.
So there you have it. AlltheWeb is an excellent database to get indexed in, it's free, and it claims to maintain the freshest index on the Web. Its revenue streams appear to come from the FAST enterprise and mobile environments, not from Internet paid-placement or paid-inclusion business models.
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Paul J. Bruemmer is CEO of Web-Ignite Corporation, a search engine optimization (SEO) and positioning provider. Founded in 1995, Web-Ignite has helped promote over 15,000 Web sites and was recognized by ICONOCAST as one of the top 10 most reputable SEO firms. Services include optimization, submission, registration, positioning, monitoring, maintenance, paid-inclusion, and paid-placement management for fixed monthly fees. Recent client testimonials report search engine traffic increased from 150 to 500 percent.
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Google My Business Listings Demystified
To help brands control how they appear online, Google has developed a new offering: Google My Business Locations. This whitepaper helps marketers understand how to use this powerful new tool.
5 Ways to Personalize Beyond the Subject Line
82 percent of shoppers say they would buy more items from a brand if the emails they sent were more personalized. This white paper offer five tactics that will personalize your email beyond the subject line and drive real business growth.
January 29, 2015
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Download #Calculation Component 2.1 . 198
Click to download: http://www.devom.com/downloadqk/sc.zip
#Calculation component is a powerful calculation engine for your applications. This ActiveX component integrates expression parsing and evaluation. It is suitable for heavy-duty number crunching. It also allows defining variables and sets of related formulas that implement spreadsheet-like recalculations. Even it can support matrix, array, note-line and custom-functions in your expression.


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* Golden Globe WINNER for Best Original Song | |||||||||||||
* 2 Academy Award Nominations: Best Picture, Best Original Song | |||||||||||||
DuVernay's powerful film, fueled by a gripping performance by David Oyelowo, is a deeply moving reminder of what Dr. King and his allies did for this country… and how much is left to be done. | |||||||||||||
SELMA is the story of a movement. The film focusses on the tumultuous three-month period in 1965, when Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. led a dangerous campaign to secure equal voting rights in the face of violent opposition. The epic march from Selma to Montgomery culminated in President Johnson (Tom Wilkinson) signing the Voting Rights Act of 1965, one of the most significant victories for the civil rights movement. Director Ava DuVernay's SELMA tells the real story of how the revered leader and visionary Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (David Oyelowo) and his brothers and sisters in the movement prompted change that forever altered history.(C) Paramount | |||||||||||||
View Trailer | Read Review |
Coming Next...
Still Alice
* Saturday at 4:30, the screening will be followed by a q&a with representatives from the Alzheimer's Association – Hudson Valley Chapter | |||||||||||||
* Golden Globe winner for Best Actress, Academy Award nominee for Best Actress | |||||||||||||
Based on a best-seller by Lisa Genova and featuring a Golden Globe-winning performance from Julianne Moore, STILL ALICE is a searing, unsparing, portrayal of a professor brought down in mid-career by Early Onset Alzheimer's. | |||||||||||||
Alice Howland, happily married to her husband John (Alec Baldwin) and mother to three grown children (Kristen Stewart, Kate Bosworth, and Hunter Parrish), is a renowned linguistics professor who starts to forget words. When she receives a diagnosis of Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease, Alice and her family find their bonds thoroughly tested as she struggles to stay connected to who she once was. A tough-minded look at a difficult disease, STILL ALICE is at once heartbreaking and inspiring, as powerful as it is crushing. | |||||||||||||
View Trailer | Read a Review |


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Click here to print the obituary below
Oscar Ray Christy
Oscar Ray Christy
KANNAPOLIS - Oscar Ray Christy, 81, of Kannapolis passed away Thursday, Feb. 21, 2013 at Tucker Hospice House following a short illness.
He was born Dec. 7, 1931 in Cabarrus County, a son of the late Walter Elmore Christy and Roxie Lee Arthurs Christy.
He was a member of Bethpage Presbyterian Church. Oscar was employed by Cannon Mills for 20 years in the #6 weave room and later worked at Hoesch Celanese for 26 years, retiring in 1994. He enjoyed fishing, gardening, bingo and spending time with his family.
In addition to his parents he was preceded in death by sisters, Mary Bell Christy, Goldie Rodgers, and brothers Cletus Christy, Raymond Frank Christy, Otto Christy and Walter Lee Christy.
He is survived by his wife of 62 years, Betty McNeil Christy of the home; two sons, Alan Ray (Lisa) Christy and Keith Randall Christy and special friend Angie Lathrop both of Kannapolis; one daughter, Vivian Rebecca "Becky" (Rick) Eckels also of Kannapolis; sister, Annie Christy (Bill) Long of Rockwell; three brothers, Ralph Steven (Rachel) Christy of Concord, Paul Christy of Kannapolis and David Leonard (Gloria) Christy of Kannapolis and Oak Island. He is also survived by a sister-in-law, Johnsie Christy of Gold Hill; nine grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren.
Visitation and Services: A memorial service to celebrate his life will be held at 3 p.m. Sunday, Feb. 24, 2013 at Bethpage Presbyterian Church conducted by Rev. Ellen Gardner Campbell. Interment will follow in the church cemetery. The family will receive friends in the church sanctuary from 1-2:45 p.m. Sunday prior to the service. At other times they will be at the residence.
Memorials: Memorials may be made to Bethpage Presbyterian Church, 6020 Mooresville Road, Kannapolis, NC 28081 or to Hospice and Palliative Care of Cabarrus County, 5003 Hospice Lane, Kannapolis, NC 28081.
Whitley's Funeral Home is serving the family of Mr. Christy. Online condolences may be sent to
Published in Salisbury Post on Feb. 24, 2013


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Dr. Arnaldo Isa, MD
Neurology, Neurology Associates PA/MS Center Of Greater Orlando
- 301 N Maitland Ave
Maitland, FL 32751 - 1 Office Location
- (407) 647-5996
Dr. Arnaldo Isa graduated from the University of Florida College of Medicine at Gainesville in 1992. He works in Maitland, FL and specializes in Neurology. Dr. Isa is affiliated with Florida Hospital Carrollwood. He speaks English and Spanish.
Gender: Male
Years in Practice: 23 Years
Languages Spoken: English, Spanish
Medical School: University of Florida College of Medicine at Gainesville
Graduation Date: 1992
Hospital Affiliations: Florida Hospital Carrollwood
Specialties: Neurology


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4 results for "dustin hopkins"
Three Noles taken in draft's first round
David M. HaleTALLAHASSEE, Fla. -- There weren't many mock drafts that pegged EJ Manuel as the top quarterback available, but Jimbo Fisher had a hunch his guy would impress a few teams. Manuel's athleticism made him a popular prospect for teams looking to explo...
Blog | April 26, 2013 -
FSU's biggest 2013 holes to fill
David M. HaleTALLAHASSEE, Fla. A year ago, there wasn't a lot of mystery looming over spring practice at Florida State. Signing day brought another crop of highly regarded talent, and spring practice storylines included more injuries than marquee position battles...
Blog | January 30, 2013 -
Werner rising on draft boards
David M. HaleMore than four months remain before the 2013 NFL draft, and everything from the senior bowl to the combine to individual workouts can shake things up significantly between today and the moment when NFL commissioner Roger Goodell steps to the stage to...
Blog | December 13, 2012 -
NoleNation Q&A: Kiper on draft prospects
David M. HaleWith the start of the 2012 season right around the corner, and loads of potential NFL-level talent on Florida State's roster, NoleNation checked in with ESPN draft expert Mel Kiper Jr. to talk about the top draft-eligible members of the Seminoles tea...
Blog | August 10, 2012


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Offers4U is a potentially unwanted application, which can show up on your computer without any permission asked. Just like its name suggests, this program seeks to convince its users that it can help to save their money. However, before you start believing that Offers4U's alerts are set to inform you about best price offers and greatest discounts, you must beware that it may also be used to promote related websites. Besides, you may notice that Offers4U displays its alerts without any break and you can't browse normally when this program is inside your computer. For stopping ads that claim 'brought by Offers4U', you will have to remove Offers4U from the system.
There are hundreds of PC users who call Offers4U a virus because it mostly infiltrates computers in a bumdle with other programs. In reality, they are wrong because this program can't harm computer in any way. Besides, it gets inside the system only after it receives a permission for that. Of course, there are some trickeries that are related to its distribution: Offers4U notifies users that they will install not one but two programs on their computers only when they are finishing installation process of the freeware. In order to avoid such downloads, you have to pay more attention to the installation process of the freeware. Basically, you should find the check mark that allows this or other additional downloads. If you were tricked into installing Offers4U on your computer, here is a guide for uninstalling it:
If you want to get rid of Offers4U Ads, you have to follow this guide:
You can remove Offers4U automatically with a help of one of these programs: SpyHunter, STOPzilla, Malwarebytes Anti Malware. We recommend these applications because they can easily delete potentially unwanted programs and viruses with all their files and registry entries that are related to them.
Uninstall Offers4U and related programs
If you are Windows 8 user, then right-click in the lower left corner of the screen. Once Quick Access Menu shows up, select Control Panel and Uninstall a Program.
If you are using OS X, click Go button at the top left of the screen and select Applications.
Wait until you see Applications folder and look for Offers4U or any other suspicious programs on it. Now right click on every of such entries and select Move to Trash.
Remove Offers4U from each of your web browsers
Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox Google Chrome Safari Remove dangerous add-ons
Information added: 08/28/14 04:35;
information updated: 08/28/14 04:35
Attention: Use this form only if you have additional information about Offers4U parasite, its removal instructions, additional resources or behavior. By clicking "post comment" button you agree not to post any copyrighted, unlawful, harmful, threatening, abusive, harassing, defamatory, vulgar, obscene, profane, hateful, racially, ethnically or otherwise objectionable material of any kind.


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Hey guys
I've decided to give folks a chance to pre-order Benchmade knives at a little better deal.
Here's how it works:
1. Check out Benchmade's website to see what they have available.
2. PM me what you are interested in and I can give you a price.
3. If you want it, PM me back telling me you want it.
4. When they come in, I will contact you for payment and shipping/pickup information.
I will be taking requests until September 20th. Please use PM for this deal as our customer service reps won't have this pricing info.


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I'm making a start on porting my iphone app over to android, for information my app will consist of some basic touch/ui functions, http calls, json parsing, table/list views. No Opengl or anything that advanced.
On iOS I've had the luxury of just a couple of handsets and a speedy emulator. In order to start out developing for droid, will I need to invest in buying lots of different handsets to test on? Or do I just need to buy one or two, in the knowledge that the app will pretty much function the same across the others? Note I've tried the emulator and found it unusably slow, so will be testing on devices. Just not sure how many and which I need?
Can anyone recommend some good (popular?) devices to use for dev?
thanks in advance.


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Campus Police Chief: Calm chief leads Va. Tech in storm
By Greg Edwards
Richmond Times-Dispatch
Flinchum, a veteran police officer, has a reputation for fairness, cool composure
Flinchum, now in his mid-40s, joined the Tech force as a student in 1983 and quit school to become a full-time officer two years later.
His fellow law-enforcement professionals have good things to say about the quiet, low-key Flinchum, who this week is carrying the weight of two Monday shootings in which 32 people were killed.
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Full story: Campus Police Chief: Calm chief leads Va. Tech in storm
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Late last year, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released the 2010 Breastfeeding Report Card which showed that more than 75% of babies born in 2007 started life breastfeeding. Unfortunately, however, the rate of mothers who continue to breastfeed for six months significantly drops to less than 43%. One of the reasons is the many obstacles that women face from the community and the workplace. |
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Seattle, Wa (PRWEB) November 15, 2013
Eat Stop Eat designed by Brad Pilon is a newly updated natural weight loss book that helps people lose their weight and get rid of ugly body fat – discover how carb diet plan can help to lose weight fast with the carb nite solution, and stimulate fat burning hormones naturally within a few weeks. The book also teaches people how to get the body in shape without sacrificing their metabolism or hard-earned muscle. In addition, by following this book, people will find out a flexible fasting diet plan that help them build lean and strong muscle mass naturally without using drugs or pills. Since Brad Pilon released the "Eat Stop Eat" book, a lot of people have used it for learning how to become a dietitian effortlessly. Therefore, the website Vkoolelite completed a full overview about the benefits of the Eat Stop Eat book.
A detailed overview of Eat Stop Eat on the site Vkoolelite indicates that this book guides people gradually through the process of discovering how to design their own weight loss diet plans, and how to get the body of their dreams within weeks. The book also introduces to people a simple way to lose baby fat, and an easy way to keep their weight off fo
Source: PRWeb Copyright©2012 Vocus, Inc. All rights reserved |


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Wednesday, Dec. 15, 2010
Is Milwaukee County District Attorney John Chisholm letting drug dealers, thieves and pedophiles off the hook?
Well, that's what the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel's front-page article on Sunday would like you to believe.
But the reality is much different than the JS's view of the world.
The Milwaukee County district attorney's deferred prosecution program holds nonviolent offenders accountable in a much praised, efficient manner. Note that drunken drivers, offenders who had been...