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101 E Oklahoma
Guthrie, OK 73044
Boom-A-Rang Diner in Guthrie is known far and wide for the place to get good food fast, not fast food. This '50s themed ... read more...
Diners & Drive-Ins
828 Eastside Blvd
Muskogee, OK 74403
The Boomerang Diner's menu features biscuits & gravy, chicken fried steak, burgers, sandwiches, and salads. Breakfast ... read more...
Diners & Drive-Ins
811 S. York Street
Muskogee, OK 74403
Green Country Lanes Cafe's menu features hamburgers, club sandwiches, tots, quesadillas, mushrooms, fries and more. ... read more...
3301 Chandler Rd
Muskogee, OK 74403
The slogan at Mahylon's in Muskogee is "More than great bar-b-que," and it's true. Mahylon's also boasts an extensive ... read more...
223 N Division
Guthrie, OK 73044
The Stables Cafe, located in the historic downtown district of Guthrie, offers a very unique atmosphere and dining ... read more...
1107 N York
Muskogee, OK 74403
Visit Pizza Inn in Muskogee for pizza made just how you like it on crust that is made fresh in the restaurant each day. ... read more...
2011 SE Washington St
Idabel, OK 74745
Head into Pizza Hut in Idabel for pizza the way you want it. Open for lunch or dinner seven days a week, Pizza Hut ... read more...
Blue Belle Saloon & Restaurant
224 W Harrison
Guthrie, OK 73044
The Blue Belle Saloon is Oklahoma's oldest saloon and the place where Tom Mix was a bartender in the early 1900s before ... read more...
American, Barbecue
3510 W Okmulgee
Muskogee, OK 74401
Head to Chet's Dairy Freeze in Muskogee to get your fill of nostalgic foods like hot dogs, hamburgers and soft serve ice ... read more...
Sweet Treats
950 W Shawnee St
Muskogee, OK 74401
For a casual dining experience, delicious food and satisfying drinks, look no further than Chili's in Muskogee. On the ... read more...
Bar & Grill

subset: commoncrawl


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Newspaper Says Strickland To Run For U. S. Senate
The Youngstown Vindicator says former Ohio Governor Ted Strickland will run for the Senate next year.
When cancer treatments fail, patients can turn to clinical trials as a last hope for a cure or remission. However, many insurance companies do not cover either the clinical trials or the routine care costs that can accompany them. US Senator Sherrod Brown has introduced a bill which he hopes will expand access to clinical trials.
There are many personal milestones in life a high school graduation, your first job.. marriage. WOSU Commentator Andrew Grant Thomas just celebrated once such milestone – the start of his daughter's second trip around the sun.
Lawmakers made big changes in the $7,600,000,000 Ohio Department of Transportation budget between the House and the Senate. And now, with a deadline looming before the budget needs to be passed, lawmakers are hitting some bumps on the road to reconciliation of the two budgets.


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been done kinda.
What would you do if you had superpowers would you be good or bad. A example is if you had the juggernaut powers you would never look when you cross the street. Or flash powers you would wake up late and run to school. Invisible cut school. Or freeze time beat the hell out of your teacher. Or shape shifting get other people in troble. Or if you were running from the cops and it is a dead end run through the wall. Make it hot every day off the year. Or size manipulation grow small and attack people in their sleep.
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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
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"My mom and my grandmother made this all the time when I was growing up and I am almost 60 and I still love it, so easy and simple to make."
"I have been making this similar cake for many years from my Betty Crocker ckbk, I double it all the time and cooks up like a dream. My hubby won't eat anything else for his strawberry shortcake but this recipe. The batter is almost like vanilla ice cream and tastes so good. This is a good cake to make pinapple upside down cake too."
"I had this when I was a child, mom used to make this all the time. Those sure good, now it's time to make them again, have to send her the recipe, since I know she doesn't have it anymore. Thanks for posting"


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Base Price: $29,500-$40,000*
Body Type: Full-size
ALL-NEW: Considering the hole between the compact Tiguan and premium Touareg, a production version of the CrossBlue concept (shown) is inevitable. With three rows of seating and built to compete with the Ford Explorer and Honda Pilot, the midsize SUV will be manufactured in North America specifically for the U.S. market.
Cool Fact: The concept boasted a hybrid diesel powertrain with 35 mpg and 516 lb-ft.
Sum Up: A new entrant in a crowded field.
Base Price: $23,860-$27,840
Body Type: Compact
MINOR: Following an update in 2013, the Tiguan now offers an R-Line package with sport-tuned suspension, 19-inch wheels, spoiler, HID headlights, and side skirts. Inside are a flat-bottom steering wheel, black headliner, stainless steel pedals, and R-Line logos on the kickplates. SE models gain heated, leatherette seats and iPod integration, while an appearance package adds hands-free keyless entry and a rearview camera.
Avoid: Piling on options, unless you want a $38,000 compact SUV.
Sum Up: Strong powertrain offset by lackluster interior and driving dynamics.
Base Price: $44,905-$65,080
Body Type: Midsize
MINOR: An R-Line package adds a sport-tuned suspension, 20-inch wheels, and revised exterior trim. Brushed aluminum trim makes its way to the interior, as do stainless-steel pedals, black headliner, and more R-line badges. Sport models with navigation and Lux gain hands-free keyless entry, while a motion-activated trunk opening system is standard on Lux and Executive models. There's also a new Touareg X model.
Best Buy: TDI has more torque, better fuel economy, and costs less than the hybrid.
Sum Up: VW's biggest SUV is too often overlooked.
Base Price: $35,765-$46,715
Body Type: Luxury Midsize
MAJOR: The hood, fenders, grille, headlights, spoiler, LED running lights, skidplates, and exhaust pipes are new. Inside are a revised instrument cluster, dash top, and steering wheel. An optional technology package adds Cyclist Detection (important in Europe) to the existing Pedestrian Detection technology. Last, 20-inch wheels are available on higher trim levels.
Cool Fact: The XC60 is one of the only SUVs to perform well on the IIHS' small overlap crash test
Sum Up: One of the best-looking SUVs gets better for 2014.
Base Price: $35,415-$41,865
MAJOR: The already attractive up-armored wagon looks even more handsome for the 2014 model year. The grille and lower intake are new, along with reworked front and rear bumpers. The front also gains new daytime running lights, while inside the XC70 gets a reconfigurable digital instrument cluster display. The T6 transmission is revised with quicker shifts, just like the S60 T6.
Driver's Choice: The T6 engine with revised transmission is the quick way to go.
Sum Up: The XC70 has been on the market since 2007, which is a lot of dog years.
Base Price: $40,615-$45,615
Body Type: Luxury Full-size
UNCHANGED: Very little is new this year as luxury SUV fans wait for the new XC90 to bow by the end of 2014. Until then, Volvo is limping its biggest product along with changes such as a new Executive C-pillar emblem and floormats. Should you opt for the 3.2 R-Design package, you get built-in grocery bag holders.
Cool Fact: Despite its age, 3372 XC90s were sold in the first half of 2013, proving that the market for three-row luxury crossovers is alive and well.
Sum Up: Next-gen XC90 promises groundbreaking safety features.
Para mim pode ser o LAND ROVER
Randr Rover
I don't see a single SUV up there. Just crossovers...
i love this cars


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This company has the most inept techs I've ever seen. I've been to forums created by amateur tech people, and I'm not going to pretend like I know a whole lot about phbb or html but I do know what actually works and what is completely broken.
I mistakenly thought that the basic layout looked promising and that there is no way wizards wouldn't have things running within a week so gave it a chance. I guess it had just been too long since the last changeover and I've forgotten how mindblowingly unprofessional and inept the people who run this are.


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Airdog1029 has reviewed 1 products.
Pain in the foot
I have 20 pairs of Crocs, all are the original molded design are great. Any shoe I have purchased with a "traditional" sole have been horrid. I was so hoping that these would be as comfortable as "traditional" Crocs. Made my feet hurt while sitting in a chair as I put them on. I so wished they would be up to "traditional" fit and comfort as they have saved my feet, legs, and back, but to no avail.
I just order 4 more pairs of "traditional" Crocs.
Runs Narrow
Runs Wide
Runs Small
Runs Large


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Your search "justin quinnell" resulted in 11 Articles
Justin Quinnell to Give a Lecture on Pinhole Photography at the Isle of Man
Hear the pinhole photography expert himself talk about the craft in a talk to be held next week at the Isle of Man. Check out the details after the jump! -
Solargraphs, Pinhole Photos and More with Justin Quinnell
Catch pinhole photographer Justin Quinnell at the Orkney Islands International Science Festival and get bitten by the pinhole bug. -
Third Phase of Justin Quinnell's 'Awfulogrammes' Kicks Off Thursday
Swing by the Bear Pit Open Gallery in Bristol on Thursday, July 10, and witness the launch of the third phase of Justin Quinnell's "Awfulogrammes" exhibition! Details after the jump. -
Justin Quinnell's Awfulogrammes Exhibit Ongoing
Pinhole photography enthusiasts from Bristol, England are invited to witness the Awfulogrammes exhibition. -
Pinhole master Justin Quinnell invites you to celebrate World Pinhole Day
Although already equipped with a degree in Photography, Justin Quinnell got into pinhole photography a little over a decade ago, when he became the Head of Photography while teaching in a college in Bristol, United Kingdom, a time when "one person would have a fully manual Zenith B beside another with a fully automatic camera. " We've had interviews with Justin in the Magazine through the years, and one thing hasn't changed: his enthusiasm for pinhole photography. -
A DIY Camera Obscura on your head, anyone?
If you're looking for a quirky project to make this weekend, pinhole photographer Justin Quinnell has just the perfectly eye-catching one for you! You must be curious, so go ahead and read on! -
Workshop: Pinhole Workshop with Justin Quinnell ended over 1 year ago
Pinhole expert, Justin Quinnell, will teach you about the wonders of pinhole photography and how to make your very own "Smileycam." This is a great class for anyone interested in the world of lensless photography or who want to take their pinhole skills to a whole new level. -
★ How To Make a 6 Month Pinhole Camera By Justin Quinnell
Justin Quinnell is one of the modern masters of Pinhole Photography. He has experimented with long exposure pinhole photos - as long as six months! We have featured him in the Magazine a couple of years back, and now we would like to re-introduce him to the community! -
Justin Quinnell: The Wonders of Pinhole Photography
We have featured pinhole photographer Justin Quinnell a couple of times here on the Magazine. This time, we'll be looking at the results on one of his projects wherein he taught kids about pinhole photography. See the images and what the pinhole wizard has to say after the break. -
Turn Your Room Into A Camera Obscura
Justin Quinnell, one of our favorite pinhole photographers, has recently released a product which allows you to turn an entire room into a Camera Obscura. Read on for details and find out how you can make your own! -
★ Passionate Pinholes with Justin Quinnell
It isn't everyday that we, get to talk to one of the modern masters of Pinhole photography Justin Quinnell. Pinholes can seem intimidating but Justin breaks this misconception and explains how he got started taking 6 month long exposures and tells us how to do as well in the "Six Month Long Pinhole Exposures Tipster"!


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Ship Interiors, when the upgrades come?
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Lt. Commander
Join Date: Dec 2007
Posts: 120
# 111
Originally Posted by
But on the internet, your inflection does not come through. Your witty sarcasm comes off as elitist snobbery. And often what may be intended as constructive criticism on one end, ends up looking like hate fueled rage by time it reaches the other. This is why it is VITAL to be polite, respectful, and conscious of how your words are going to come across on the other end. I screw it up CONSTANTLY, and I apologize for miscommunications regularly. It's an inevitability. It will happen, but keeping all of that in mind while you post, and remembering that the dev that screwed up whatever you're ****ed off about, is a real, genuine human being on the other end of the tube, is absolutely necessary for your post to come across well, and relay the information you intend to, not the passionate rant we often perceive.
No Dev response, does not equal no Dev interest.
I am also a software developer and we also have an active forum where several posters are extremely passionate over the software, analyze every single version of it that is out there. Sometimes, I feel compelled to read the forums and I also consider that it would be really useful if I could just write something there. But - I shy away from it, because I don't want those posters to latch onto me and expect me to post regularly or berate me for stuff we build. Whether it's a bug or just a feature that doesn't work like they want it to. I'd rather let the community manager handle these things. If any questions come up, she can come to me or my colleagues and ask and we will gladly give a reply that's as precise and clear as we can make it (without handing out the source code and say "see for yourself "


text: Space Jam Inspired Art Exhibition Hits NYC Space Jam Inspired Art Exhibition Hits NYC SMU notified of allegations by NCAA SMU notified of allegations by NCAA Chargers WR Keenan Allen potentially out for rest of th... Chargers WR Keenan Allen potentially out for rest of th... Jon Lester featured on this week's Sports Illustrated c... Jon Lester featured on this week's Sports Illustrated c... Marcus Mariota shines on Letterman Marcus Mariota shines on Letterman Bobby Petrino's unique bonus Bobby Petrino's unique bonus Close Tweet0 Share0 Comment0 Share0 Share0 Stumble It0 Print0 More SI Wire Report: Angels' Josh Hamilton has bone bruise in left thumb by John Sodaro Email Posted: Mon May. 26, 2014 Updated: Thu Jun. 12, 2014 The Angels will have to wait even longer for the return of slugger Josh Hamilton. (Bob Levey/Getty Images)The Los Angeles Angels expected outfielder Josh Hamilton to be back in their lineup on Monday, but instead, a test Monday revealed a bone bruise to his left thumb, reports MLB.com's Alden Gonzalez.Hamilton was jammed by a fastball in a rehabilitation game at Triple-A Salt Lake on Thursday and experienced discomfort in his thumb."It just got in on me a little bit," Hamilton said. "It probably would've almost been better if the bat had shattered, instead of absorbing all the force of it. And the splint I was wearing — it was probably going to be my last day wearing it — probably prevented my thumb from absorbing it like it should have. So it took more of the brunt and force."Hamilton suffered a complete tear of the ulnar collateral ligament while sliding into first base on April 8.Gonzalez reports that Hamilton hopes to take batting practice again on Wednesday and may rejoin the Salt Lake Bees.SI Wire: Dodgers catcher A.J. Ellis sprains ankle celebrating Beckett no-hitter; headed to DLJosh Hamilton has a bone bruise on left thumb. Will take a couple days off before starting BP again. #Angels — Alden Gonzalez (@Alden_Gonzalez) May 26, 2014 Promoted Stories Comments


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Dave Mackay: One-on-One
He helped Tottenham to the Double in 1961, infamously got a fistful of Billy Bremner's shirt, then managed Derby to the 1975 top-flight title. And here, he answers your questions...
Who would you say is the closest to the modern-day Dave Mackay?
Christopher Spicer, Reading
One would be little Paul Scholes. He's only small but he's dominant and runs the show for Man United. I think there are fewer players of my kind around than there were. Football's changed. In our time it was a tougher game, maybe because of the referees. In the olden days you got away with more hard tackles. As long as they were fair, you were OK. Nowadays a hard tackle can get you a booking, which isn't right if it's not dirty. Even though I can show you a few stud-marks in my legs!
You're known for your competitive nature – were you always like that as a kid? Was it because you weren't that big?
Danny Sanderson, Stevenage
I was always like that; that's just my nature. I want to win at everything I play: pool,
football, even in the gym... it doesn't matter to some players but it does to me. As a kid I was very small; slim, as well. So at school I had to be a tackler to get the ball. That's how I became such a good tackler. I wanted to play, and to play, you have to have the ball. As a slight kid, I had to learn how to tackle, and tackle well.
You played in the Scottish Schools Cup Final at Tynecastle aged just 14. Being a Hearts fan, how did that feel? Matthew Webb, Ruislip
Just to get near Tynecastle was a dream. I was a Hearts fan all my life; I used to walk the three miles to Tynecastle, go early to get under the turnstile because I couldn't afford to get in. So when Hearts came along to sign me, I couldn't believe it. My brothers Tommy and Frank also signed for Hearts; all my family are Hearts fans – and all my wife's support Hibs! I used to enjoy Christmases because we beat them, though not all the time – Hibs had a great team then: the forward line of Smith, Johnson, Riley, Turnbull and Norman were brilliant, but we always did well against them. I was frightened to go home if we didn't!
You were on National Service during your early years at Hearts. What was it like combining the two? How did it mould you as a footballer?
Philip Watkins, High Wycombe
Sapper D Mackay, 23162786, sir! Royal Engineers. The war was finished so the only fighting I did was to get home at weekends to play for Hearts. The forces used to help. I enjoyed it. You're not fighting so there's nothing to worry about; you ain't going to get killed. But you get the same discipline and treatment as everybody else, footballer or not. Do something wrong, you get the same stick and have to abide by the same rules. I was always frightened to go out of line in case they said, "Hey, you ain't going home this weekend". That would have killed me. I've never been a rebel.
Despite the Scotland team not playing particularly well, you only played one game in the 1958 World Cup. How much better do you feel Scotland would have done had you been in from the start?
Adam Hull, Birmingham
A lot better! But I don't pick the team; that's the manager, or back then the selection committee with all their different views.
You captained Hearts to their greatest ever season in 1957-58 – losing just once and scoring 132 goals – then played a key role in Spurs' Double winning season. How did the two teams compare?
Daniel Addy, Barnsley
When I went to Spurs they were in the bottom four or five, but started getting some decent players. Including myself, ha ha… What are you laughing at? [he shoots FFT a mock-threatening look] Ha ha! Bill Nicholson took over from Jimmy Anderson as manager and got in Cliff Jones and two or three other guys and built a fantastic team. I'm a Hearts supporter, and they were fantastic too. But the Tottenham side was the better of the two, eventually.
Despite being regarded as one of the great British club sides of all time, Spurs only won the league title once in your time. Why do you think this was?
Daniel Smith, Eastbourne
Aside from the injuries, it's very hard to replace great players in any position. Out wide, say, your [Cliff] Jones and [Terry] Medwin and [Terry] Dyson were hard to replace. We had an excellent team and always tried to attack everybody, home and away. To win at all costs; that was our attitude, our philosophy. We had such an excellent team, I'm surprised we didn't win the title more than once.
At White Hart Lane, you used to come out of the tunnel, kick the ball high in the air, then catch it on your instep – were you sending out a message to the opposition as to how skilful you were?
Steve Price, Torquay
If they were out, yes! I was showing off, so people could see how good I was, ha ha!
I hear that you don't like that famous pic of you and Billy Bremner because people forget how good a footballer you were. You must admit, though, it's a great shot!
Paolo, Holloway
I get asked to autograph that photo all the time. But I don't like it because it portrays me as a bully – he's smaller than me and I'm picking him up. I'm not a bully and don't like bullies. He was a brilliant little player but a dirty little bastard. He kicked me in the leg I'd just come back from breaking twice. If he'd kicked the other one, I could have accepted that. But he kicked the broken one, and that really annoyed me. I could've killed him that day. Alex Ferguson has that picture hanging in his office. I'm a good pal of Alex; I go at least once a year to see Man United, then back to his place.
Is it true you tried to carry on playing when you broke your leg against Man United in a European game? How do you feel when you see players rolling around in agony for next to nothing these days?
Jack Withey, Wembley
I couldn't carry on – my toe was touching my knee; I couldn't believe it. Tib and fib broken; you can still see it [rolls up trouser leg]. I had to have my leg reset back in London from Manchester; the doctor said I might never play again. He kept in touch and said he couldn't believe I'd come back; then nine months later it got broken again. I was never the same again; much weaker. Now, when I see players take a little knock and roll around as if they've been crippled, trying to get the player sent off, I think that's disgusting. Some players fall over with just a little brush and sometimes without being touched. It's always been the case but it happens more now than when I played.
Is it true you 'welcomed' Terry Venables to Spurs by grabbing him by the balls on his first day at training?
Scott Woodhouse, Manchester
No. But we had skirmishes in the gym, with six-a-side. You always had battles there – not fights, but nearly. I want to win the game, win the ball and be in there challenging. And some players get upset and fight back. But I don't remember hurting anyone.
You played with some great players, but who was the best?
Karl Hoddell, Sheffield
I could give you half a dozen – Cliff Jones, Blanchflower, Denis Law. Playing against Greavesie when he was at Chelsea was tough – and Johnny Haynes of Fulham and England.
If it wasn't for a dodgy linesman, Spurs would have beaten Benfica in the 1962 European Cup semi-final. Do you reckon we would have beaten Real Madrid in the final?
Peter Besley, Walthamstow
I'm sure of it. We were so confident we could have beaten even Real Madrid at their best.
Is it true that you, Cliff Jones and John White of the Spurs Double side used to compete playing keepy-uppy and foot-juggling with coins and fruit?
Don Calloway, Co Antrim
True. I don't think the others even tried. Coins in particular – from one foot to the other, flick it up and catch it, then flick it into your top pocket, which is quite difficult. Whoever got the most coins won. Can I still do it? Yes! I'd show you but my shoes are too shiny; we used to wear suedes then.
What happened to the Dave Mackay Club Ties shop in Tottenham?
Rick Mayston, Camden Town
I think it's still going but moved to Winchmore Hill. I get a tie for Christmas but never really made any money out of them using my name. There's my agent [he grins at Isobel]. She's not done very well!
How come a nation that could call on the likes of Denis Law, Jim Baxter, the Lisbon Lions and you were not serious international contenders in the '60s?
Tony Smith, Dumfries
It's hard to figure out. It must have been the other players in the team, ha ha! We beat England, the World Cup winners, twice.
You played in Scotland's 9-3 defeat to England in 1961. What went wrong?
Daniel Bryant, Stockport
Play? I didn't play – I was there but I didn't play! We were terrible. Everything went wrong but it was the keeper who got the blame. He emigrated to Australia – he had to! Denis Law saw him a few years ago and he asked, "Is it safe to come home now?" "NO!" Ha ha! Frank Haffey was his name — 'What's the time?' 'Nine past Haffey!' Ha ha ha! He had a bad game, but so did everybody else. Your defenders haven't done very well if you face nine shots on goal.
Is it true that you were the one to ask for a transfer from Spurs? How did you feel when Brian Clough came along and signed you, calling you the "greatest ever Spurs player" in the process?
Chris Scott, Sunderland
Because I'd had the breaks, I wasn't the same player. Brian fancied me as a captain more than as a player. It was about leadership in the dressing room. I was amazed when he asked. I was going to Hearts. After the '67 Cup Final I went to Bill Nick saying I didn't think I could do the job any more. Hearts were going to make me player-manager.
That weekend while I was up in Edinburgh, Brian phoned Isobel asking for a contact number for me but wouldn't say who he was so she didn't tell him. When I got back thinking we were going back up to Scotland, there, at Tottenham on Monday, was Brian waiting. By lunchtime I'd signed! You see, I'd left Hearts as a hero so didn't really want to go back older and less good; I knew I wouldn't be the same player again. I wanted to stay a Hearts hero, being a fan.
What was it like working under Brian Clough at Derby?
Jon Hinton, Exeter
Brilliant – he picked on everyone else except me. I never had a bad game with Brian. If it was a bad game on a Saturday, there'd be a meeting on the Monday, but I always had Monday off. The other players never gave me problems; I was quite popular with the guys. McFarland, Todd and McGovern were all brilliant players, and Gemmill later.
Later, when I took over from Brian and he'd gone to Leeds and burnt Don Revie's desk, he came to see me in my office to sign John McGovern and John O'Hare and said, "Why haven't you burnt my desk?" Ha ha!
In 1969 you became joint Player of the Year with Man City's Tony Book, the only time this has happened. Did you have to share the trophy? How annoyed were you to not win the award outright?
David Roberts, Glasgow
I don't like sharing. We got one award each. A lovely guy. I think he was delighted.
You began your managerial career at Swindon then went to Forest but soon found yourself back at Derby following Cloughie's resignation in 1973. With players threatening to strike and the press on your back, how did difficult were your first few months in charge?
William Jones, Warwick
Not that difficult. I'd been offered the job and was determined to take it. The players were upset that Cloughie and Peter Taylor had left and were against the board. They said to me that if I came back there'd be problems. I had a meeting with them and said, "Hey, I'm coming back; if you want to leave, you can leave." They didn't frighten me. If I'd been someone else it might have been different. I've no idea how Brian felt. [Isobel Mackay intervenes: "Every time I saw Brian at a function, he'd say to me, 'Your husband kept me in my job at Derby – and taught my Nigel how to play football!'"]
There was a lot of political tension at the time with the miners' strikes. And if I'd still been Derby captain I'd have been disappointed that Brian and Peter had gone too. Those players would have beaten any other manager coming in – but me, I'd not long left the place and knew all the players as individuals, who's the tough guy and who's the weak guy. And they knew I knew. That helped me. My job as manager was to handle the players, and I had to handle the board as well. Of course, the fans treated me differently when I won the League, but they were never really angry at me, just at Brian Clough leaving.
How did winning the title with Derby rate alongside Spurs and Hearts?
Steve Frimpon, Brighton
It was fantastic. Our season had finished but Ipswich were playing Man City during our annual Player of the Year night at a hotel; and if they were beaten, we'd won the League with one game to go. The game was on the wireless and Barry Ecclestone of Radio Derby was reporting, and a big roar went up when he announced Ipswich had lost. We won the League having a night out. The celebrations started right away. Help yourselves, I told everybody. I couldn't care less because we've won the League. We were all still drunk when we played on Saturday!
How did you feel when Derby, who you took to the title, sacked you?
Gary Scouse, via email
I was beginning to lose interest anyway at that time because I wasn't happy with the board. [Chairman] Sam Longson had been moved aside, and I'd already won the League. One of the board members, George Hardy, a scrap millionaire, wanted Cloughie back. Even before he joined the board that was his ambition. But Brian said there was no way he was coming back. I told George, there's only one way the club will go with you in charge: down. I was right.
What did you learn about management from Tommy Walker at Hearts, Bill Nick at Spurs and Brian Clough at Derby?
Jim O'Neill, Chadwell Heath
Tommy was a perfect gentleman and very religious. Bill was the same, though he could get a little annoyed. Neither would shout. But Brian would. As a manager, I never lost it with anyone. The main thing for me was to be reasonable and above all honest with players. If you'd had a bad game, I'm not going to say you've done well; I'll say you were crap and you need to pick up or else. But you get different types of manager who are successful.
In your autobiography The Real Mackay you stress the importance of not delaying signing the player you want. You knew Matt Busby rated you and would have joined Man United had Bill Nick not made a firm offer. Then, at Derby, you signed Charlie George from Arsenal when he'd agreed to defect to Spurs, a deal delayed while they lined up the press to announce this coup…
Neil Green, Luton
True. I knew Charlie George would rather not go to Spurs. And if Matt Busby had come in for me, I would have gone there. As soon as I knew anybody was up who I wanted, I phoned them straight away – don't delay!
You won six league titles with with Al-Arabi in Kuwait. Not speaking the lingo, how did you lay into players if you had to?
Dean Allen, Edinburgh
Most of them speak English or semi-English. They weren't dummies. I could speak a bit of Arabic but didn't have to. Brilliant years – we kept winning, even their Treble.
How do your managerial experiences in England compare with the Middle East?
Samuel Inkersole, Dover
In the Middle East you had to get results but no one interfered. In this country if you're doing badly the board will get onto you.
Were you disappointed that you weren't offered more top-level jobs when you returned to England from the Middle East in 1989?
Joe Langtree, Liverpool
No. I'd had my fill. But I'd never phoned anyone asking for a job; they phoned me. I liked playing better. Managing was second best, but I still had hunger: if we lost I was gutted. If we won I was delighted.
Of all the great derbies in which you've taken part as player or manager – Hibs -Hearts, Scotland-England, Arsenal-Spurs, Derby-Forest, Zamalek-El-Ahly – which is the most heated?
Ted Riley, Battersea
The hottest is Cairo, ha ha! But Scotland-England is always the biggest... if we win.
Is it true that the only time it looked as if you might be sent off in your entire career, you talked the referee out of it?
Avi Chaudhuri, West Hampstead
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Association of BDNF with restricting anorexia nervosa and minimum body mass index: a family-based association study of eight European populations.
ABSTRACT Eating disorders (ED), such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), are complex psychiatric disorders where different genetic and environmental factors are involved. Several lines of evidence support that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in eating behaviour and that alterations on this neurotrophic system participates in the susceptibility to both AN and BN. Accordingly, intraventricular administration of BDNF in rats determines food starvation and body weight loss, while BDNF or its specific receptor NTRK2 knockout mice develop obesity and hyperphagia. Case-control studies also suggest a BDNF contribution in the aetiology of ED: we have previously reported a strong association between the Met66 variant within the BDNF gene, restricting AN (ANR) and minimum body mass index (minBMI) in a Spanish sample, and a positive association between the Val66Met and -270C/T BDNF SNPs and ED in six different European populations. To replicate these results, avoiding population stratification effects, we recruited 453 ED trios from eight European centres and performed a family-based association study. Both haplotype relative risk (HRR) and haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HHRR) methods showed a positive association between the Met66 allele and ANR. Consistently, we also observed an effect of the Met66 variant on low minBMI and a preferential transmission of the -270C/Met66 haplotype to the affected ANR offspring. These results support the involvement of BDNF in eating behaviour and further suggest its participation in the genetic susceptibility to ED, mainly ANR and low minBMI.
- Zeynep Yilmaz, Allan S Kaplan, Arun K Tiwari, Robert D Levitan, Sara Piran, Andrew W Bergen, Walter H Kaye, Hakon Hakonarson, Kai Wang, Wade H Berrettini, [......], Pamela K Keel, Kelly L Klump, Pierre Magistretti, James E Mitchell, Michael Strober, Laura M Thornton, Janet Treasure, D Blake Woodside, Joanne Knight, James L Kennedy[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Although low weight is a key factor contributing to the high mortality in anorexia nervosa (AN), it is unclear how AN patients sustain low weight compared with bulimia nervosa (BN) patients with similar psychopathology. Studies of genes involved in appetite and weight regulation in eating disorders have yielded variable findings, in part due to small sample size and clinical heterogeneity. This study: (1) assessed the role of leptin, melanocortin, and neurotrophin genetic variants in conferring risk for AN and BN; and (2) explored the involvement of these genes in body mass index (BMI) variations within AN and BN. Our sample consisted of 745 individuals with AN without a history of BN, 245 individuals with BN without a history of AN, and 321 controls. We genotyped 20 markers with known or putative function among genes selected from leptin, melanocortin, and neurotrophin systems. There were no significant differences in allele frequencies among individuals with AN, BN, and controls. AGRP rs13338499 polymorphism was associated with lowest illness-related BMI in those with AN (p = 0.0013), and NTRK2 rs1042571 was associated with highest BMI in those with BN (p = 0.0018). To our knowledge, this is the first study to address the issue of clinical heterogeneity in eating disorder genetic research and to explore the role of known or putatively functional markers in genes regulating appetite and weight in individuals with AN and BN. If replicated, our results may serve as an important first step toward gaining a better understanding of weight regulation in eating disorders.Journal of Psychiatric Research 04/2014; · 4.09 Impact Factor - SourceAvailable from: Anna-Lena Volckmar
Article: Genetics of eating disorders.
[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Disordered eating behavior is the core symptom of the complex disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Twin and family studies derive high heritability estimates. Hence, substantial genetic influences on the etiology can be assumed for both. Initially, candidate gene studies pertaining to the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems and to body weight regulation comprised the core of the genetic analyses. Unfortunately, confirmed, solid findings substantiated in meta-analyses are rare, so that eventually none of these associations is unequivocal. Thus, systematic, genome-wide approaches emerged to identify genes with no a priori evidence for their involvement in eating disorders. Genome-wide association studies have hinted to formerly unknown genetic regions. However, significant genome-wide findings have not yet been reported.Current Psychiatry Reports 12/2013; 15(12):423. · 3.05 Impact Factor - SourceAvailable from: Guillermo Gervasini
Article: BDNF genetic variability modulates psychopathological symptoms in patients with eating disorders.
Carmen Gamero-Villarroel, Inmaculada Gordillo, Juan Antonio Carrillo, Angustias García-Herráiz, Isalud Flores, Mercedes Jiménez, Melchora Monge, Raquel Rodríguez-López, Guillermo Gervasini[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene may influence eating behavior, body weight and cognitive impairments. We aimed to investigate whether BDNF genetic variability may affect anthropometric and psychological parameters in patients with anorexia or bulimia nervosa (AN, BN) and/or modulate the risk for the disorder. A total of 169 unrelated female patients and 312 healthy controls were genotyped for two common BDNF single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), Val66Met and C-270T, and several selected tag-SNPs. Associated personality characteristics and psychopathological symptoms were assessed by the EDI-2 and SCL-90R inventories, respectively. No single SNP or haplotype played a relevant role in the risk for AN or BN. The rs16917237 TT genotype was significantly associated with increased weight (74.63 ± 16.58 vs. 57.93 ± 13.02) and body mass index (28.94 ± 6.22 vs. 22.23 ± 4.77) in the BN group after correcting for multiple testing. Haplotype analyses using a sliding window approach with three adjacent SNPs produced four loci of interest. Locus 3 (rs10835210/rs16917237/C-270T) showed a broad impact on the measured psychopathological symptoms. Haplotypes CGC and CGT in this locus correlated with scores in all three scales of the SCL-90R inventory, both in AN and BN patients. In contrast, the results of the EDI-2 inventory were largely unaffected. These preliminary results suggest that variability in the BDNF gene locus may contribute to anthropometric characteristics and also psychopathological symptoms that are common but not exclusive of ED patients.European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 11/2013; · 3.70 Impact Factor
Page 1
Association of BDNF with restricting anorexia
nervosa and minimum body mass index:
a family-based association study of eight European
Marta Ribase ´s1, Mo `nica Grataco `s1, Fernando Ferna ´ndez-Aranda2, Laura Bellodi3, Claudette
Boni4, Marija Anderluh5, Maria Cristina Cavallini3, Elena Cellini6, Daniela Di Bella3, Stefano
Erzegovesi3, Christine Foulon7, Mojca Gabrovsek8, Philip Gorwood9, Johannes
Hebebrand10, Anke Hinney10, Jo Holliday11, Xun Hu11, Andreas Karwautz12, Ame ´lie
Kipman13, Radovan Komel8, Benedetta Nacmias6, Helmut Remschmidt10, Valdo Ricca6,
Sandro Sorbi6, Martina Tomori5, Gudrun Wagner12, Janet Treasure11, David A Collier11and
Xavier Estivill*,1,14
1Genes and Disease Program, Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain;
2Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Principes d'Espan ˜a, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;3Department of
Neuropsychiatric Sciences (DSNP), Fondazione Centro S. Raffaele del Monte Tabor, Milan, Italy;4INSERM U 288,
Neuropsychopharmacologie, CHU Pitie ´-Salpe ˆtrie `re, Paris, France;5University Psychiatric Hospital Ljubljana, Slovenia;
6Department of Neurology and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134 Florence, Italy;
7CMME. Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 100 rue de la Sante ´, Paris, France;8Medical Centre for Molecular Biology
(MCMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia;9Ho ˆpital Louis Mourier (AP-HP), Service de
Psychiatrie, 178 rue des Renouillers, Colombes, France;10Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Clinical
Research Group, Philipps University Marburg, Germany;11Eating Disorders Unit and SGDP Research Centre, Institute
of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK;12University Clinic of Neuropsychiatry of
Childhood and Adolescence, Waehringer Guertel 18-20 A-1090, Vienna, Austria;13CNRS UMR 7593-Paris VII,
Personnalite ´ et Conduites Adaptatives, CHU Pitie ´-Salpe ˆtrie `re, Paris, France;14Experimental and Helth Sciences
Department, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
Eating disorders (ED), such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), are complex psychiatric
disorders where different genetic and environmental factors are involved. Several lines of evidence
support that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in eating behaviour and that
alterations on this neurotrophic system participates in the susceptibility to both AN and BN. Accordingly,
intraventricular administration of BDNF in rats determines food starvation and body weight loss, while
BDNF or its specific receptor NTRK2 knockout mice develop obesity and hyperphagia. Case–control studies
also suggest a BDNF contribution in the aetiology of ED: we have previously reported a strong association
between the Met66 variant within the BDNF gene, restricting AN (ANR) and minimum body mass index
(minBMI) in a Spanish sample, and a positive association between the Val66Met and ?270C/T BDNF SNPs
and ED in six different European populations. To replicate these results, avoiding population stratification
Received 15 June 2004; revised 27 October 2004; accepted 11 November
*Correspondence: Dr X Estivill, Genes and Disease Program, Center for
Genomic Regulation (CRG), Passeig Maritim, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona,
Catalonia, Spain. Tel.: þ3493 224 0959; Fax: þ3493 224 0899;
E-mail: email@example.com
European Journal of Human Genetics (2004), 1–7
& 2004 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 1018-4813/04 $30.00
Page 2
effects, we recruited 453 ED trios from eight European centres and performed a family-based association
study. Both haplotype relative risk (HRR) and haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HHRR) methods
showed a positive association between the Met66 allele and ANR. Consistently, we also observed an effect
of the Met66 variant on low minBMI and a preferential transmission of the ?270C/Met66 haplotype to the
affected ANR offspring. These results support the involvement of BDNF in eating behaviour and further
suggest its participation in the genetic susceptibility to ED, mainly ANR and low minBMI.
European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication, 22 December 2004; doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201351
Keywords: eating disorders; BDNF; anorexia
Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are eating
disorders (ED) with a complex and multifactorial aetiology,
where environmental and genetic factors are involved.1
Different lines of evidence suggest that brain-derived
neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which encodes for a neuro-
trophin with a role in synaptic plasticity and neuronal
development, participates in eating behaviour and weight
regulation.2–4Accordingly, animal models and association
studies support that alterations on this neurotrophic
system could be involved in the aetiopathology of ED.5–9
We previously screened the BDNF gene in 95 ED patients,
identified the ?270C4T and Val66Met SNPs and observed
a strong association of the Met66 allele, restricting AN
(ANR) and minimum body mass index (minBMI;10). We
then aimed to replicate this study in a sample from six
different European centres and found that the Met66
variant was associated to all ED subtypes (ANR, binge-
eating/purging AN (ANB) and BN), and that the ?270C
allele had an effect on BN and late age at onset of weight
loss.11Finally, Koizumi et al also described a positive
association between the Met66 allele within the BDNF
gene, ANR and BNP.12However, no family studies have yet
been carried out to detect the participation of this
neurotrophic factor in ED. To address this question and
avoid potential population stratification, we performed a
family-based study following two different strategies: we
first carried out a haplotype relative risk (HRR) and a
haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HHRR) analyses
for genotypes and alleles of both the Val66Met and the
?270C/T polymorphisms,13and then performed a trans-
mission disequilibrium test (TDT) to study linkage in the
presence of association.14
We obtained a total sample of 453 ED family trios
independently recruited from seven European countries
participating in the European Community Framework V
'Factors in Healthy Eating' project (Austria, France, Ger-
many, Italy, Slovenia, Spain and United Kingdom). Owing
to the presence of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity,
we considered the three main ED groups of ANR, ANB and
BN that have been shown to differ in various biological and
psychopathological features.15–17We also focused the
study on different phenotypical markers that may reflect
the severity of the illness, such as minBMI, maximum body
mass index (maxBMI) and age at onset of weight loss (AO).
The Val66Met and ?270C/T SNPs were in linkage dis-
equilibrium (D0¼0.78) and followed Hardy–Weinberg
equilibrium in ED patients (w2¼0.055, P¼0.81 for the
Val66Met and w2¼2.4, P¼0.12 for the ?270C/T SNPs) and
their parents (w2¼2.1, P¼0.14 for the Val66Met, and
w2¼0.02 P¼0.9 for the ?270C/T SNPs).
We first performed an HRR analysis considering the
nontransmitted alleles from the parents to the probands as
a 'virtual' control group. No significant differences were
observed when the ?270C/T SNP was considered (data not
shown). However, we found a positive association of the
Met66 allele and ANR in the British (w2¼4.3, P¼0.037),
Spanish (w2¼6.5, P¼0.012) and French samples (w2¼3.9,
P¼0.035; Table 1). Once we discarded the presence of
genetic heterogeneity by comparing the nontransmitted
alleles from the different centres (w2¼9.4, df¼6, P¼0.15
for the Val66Met and w2¼3.7, df¼6, P¼0.72 for the
?270C/T SNPs), the combined analysis of the total sample
of European trios confirmed a significant association
between ANR and the Met66 allele of the Met66Val SNP
(w2¼5.1, P¼0.015). These results were also observed when
we compared the Val66Met allele frequencies by the HHRR
test (w2¼4.6, P¼0.019, OR¼1.4; Table 1). After Bonferroni
correction, taking into account two different SNPs, the
Met66 allele was still positively associated to ANR.
We then analysed the ANB group and observed a positive
association between this clinical subtype and the Val66
allele when both genotype (w2¼7.3, P¼0.009) and allele
frequencies of the German population were considered
(w2¼8.1, P¼0.0048, OR¼8.4; Table 2). However, no
significant differences were found when we analysed all
the ANB European trios or the BN sample.
The TDT analysis showed that only 60 and 14% of the
total sample of 453 ED trios were informative for the
Val66Met and the ?270C4T polymorphisms, respectively.
BDNF and trios with eating disorders
M Ribase ´s et al
European Journal of Human Genetics
Page 3
Table 1
Genotypic and allelic distribution of the Val66Met SNP of the BDNF gene in patients with restricting AN and 'virtual' controls
Restricting AN
n Genotypes (%)a
n Alleles (%)b
P-value (OR)
11 (52.4)
10 (47.6)
11 (52.4)
9 (42.9)
1 (4.7)
32 (76.2)
10 (23.8)
31 (73.8)
11 (26.2)
48 (75.0)
13 (20.3)
3 (4.7)
46 (71.9)
14 (21.9)
4 (6.2)
109 (85.2)
19 (14.8)
106 (82.8)
22 (17.2)
14 (53.8)
10 (38.5)
2 (7.7)
21 (80.8)
5 (19.2)
38 (73.0)
14 (27.0)
47 (90.4)
5 (9.6)
5 (25.0)
14 (70.0)
1 (5.0)
13 (65.0)
6 (30.0)
1 (5.0)
24 (60.0)
16 (40.0)
32 (80.0)
8 (20.0)
0.043 (2.7)
35 (53.8)
26 (40.0)
4 (6.2)
46 (70.8)
18 (27.7)
1 (1.5)
96 (73.8)
34 (26.2)
110 (84.6)
20 (15.4)
11 (50.0)
10 (45.5)
1 (4.5)
10 (45.5)
11 (50.0)
1 (4.5)
32 (72.7)
12 (27.3)
31 (70.4)
13 (29.6)
125 (57.0)
83 (38.0)
11 (5.0)
148 (67.6)
63 (28.8)
8 (3.6)
333 (76.0)
105 (24.0)
359 (82.0)
79 (18.0)
0.019 (1.4)*
*P-values statistically significant after Bonferroni correction (Pr0.025).
aComparison of genotype frequencies by the haplotype relative risk test (HRR).
bComparison of allele frequencies by the haplotype-based haplotype relative risk approach (HHRR).
c'Virtual' controls derived from nontransmitted alleles to the affected offspring.
Table 2
Genotypic and allelic distribution of the Val66Met SNP of the BDNF gene in patients with binge-eating/purging AN and 'virtual' controls
Binge-eating/purging AN
n Genotypes (%)a
n Alleles (%)b
P-value (OR)
9 (56.2)
7 (43.8)
6 (37.5)
9 (56.2)
1 (6.25)
25 (78.1)
7 (21.9)
21 (65.6)
11 (34.4)
12 (85.7)
2 (14.2)
5 (35.7)
7 (50.0)
2 (14.2)
26 (92.8)
2 (7.1)
17 (60.7)
11 (39.3)
7 (53.8)
6 (46.2)
8 (61.5)
4 (30.8)
1 (7.7)
20 (76.9)
6 (23.0)
20 (76.9)
6 (23.1)
7 (53.8)
6 (46.2)
8 (61.5)
4 (30.8)
1 (7.7)
20 (76.9)
6 (23.0)
20 (76.9)
6 (23.1)
35 (53.0)
27 (40.9)
4 (6.1)
40 (60.6)
23 (34.8)
3 (4.5)
97 (73.5)
35 (26.5)
103 (78.0)
29 (22.0)
12 (92.3)
1 (7.7)
10 (76.9)
3 (23.1)
25 (96.2)
1 (3.8)
23 (88.5)
3 (11.5)
1 (20.0)
4 (80.0)
2 (40.0)
3 (60.0)
6 (60.0)
4 (40.0)
7 (70.0)
3 (30.0)
83 (59.2)
53 (37.9)
4 (2.9)
79 (56.4)
53 (37.9)
8 (5.7)
219 (78.2)
61 (21.8)
211 (75.3)
69 (24.6)
*P-values statistically significant after Bonferroni correction (Pr0.025).
aComparison of genotype frequencies by the haplotype relative risk test (HRR).
bComparison of allele frequencies by the haplotype-based haplotype relative risk approach (HHRR).
c'Virtual' controls derived from nontransmitted alleles to the affected offspring.
BDNF and trios with eating disorders
M Ribase ´s et al
European Journal of Human Genetics
Page 4
Thus, 343 parents heterozygous for the Val66Met SNP (158
ANR, 113 ANB and 72 BN) and 79 for the ?270C/T SNPs
(37 ANR, 24 ANB and 18 BN) were analysed by the TDT
approach. No significant differences in the transmission of
the BDNF alleles were observed when both polymorphisms
were separately considered. However, the multiallelic
version of the TDT revealed an excess of transmission of
the ?270C/Met66 haplotype (74 transmitted vs 51 not
transmitted, w2¼4.2, P¼0.019) and a reduced transmis-
sion of the ?270C/Val66 haplotype (63 transmitted vs 87
not transmitted, w2¼3.84, P¼0.025) to the affected ANR
offspring (Table 3). No significant differences were ob-
served when trios with ANB or BN were considered (data
not shown).
The quantitative trait loci transmission disequilibrium
test (Q-TDT) did not give evidence for the involvement of
the ?270C4T SNP in any of the ED-related traits. We
neither observed association between the Val66Met variant
and AO nor maxBMI, but, consistent with previously
reported results,10we detected that the Met66 allele was
transmitted with a lower minBMI than the Val66 allele
(T¼2.09, P¼0.019, Table 4). After Bonferroni correction,
considering two SNPs and three different ED-related
phenotypes, these differences did not remain statistically
The results of the present study give additional evidence
for the association between BDNF and the restrictive type
of AN, replicating previous case–control studies by a
family-based approach.10–12
agreement with animal model studies where intraventri-
cular administration of BDNF in rats induces starvation
and weight loss. Accordingly, BDNF or its receptor NTRK2
knockout mice develop obesity and hyperphagia, which
also suggest the involvement of this neurotrophic factor in
eating behaviour and body weight regulation.5–9
The HRR and HHRR analyses of family trios from eight
different European centres showed that, over population
heterogeneity, the Met66 allele of the Val66Met SNP is
associated with ANR. By the TDT approach no differences
were observed when both the ?270C4T and Va166Met
SNPs were separately considered, but we detected a
preferential transmission of the ?270C/Met66 haplotype
to the affected ANR offspring.
Our genetic data are in
Table 3
European centres
TDT for the Val66Met and ?270C/T SNPs of the BDNF gene in 158 trios with restricting AN from eight different
Restricting AN
Polymorphism Allele
aTransmitted vs nontransmitted alleles from heterozygous parents.
bMcNemar's w2.
2.05 0.075
0.019 ++
0.025 ??
Table 4
in trios with restricting AN
Q-TDT analysis of the Val66Met BDNF SNP and minimum BMI, maximum BMI and age at onset of weight loss (AO)
Restricting AN
T-valueED-related trait AllelesP-valueDirection of the association
minBMI (n¼249)Val66
0.019 Positive
MaxBMI (n¼159)Val66
AO (n¼222) Val66
BDNF and trios with eating disorders
M Ribase ´s et al
European Journal of Human Genetics
Page 5
Family-based association studies, which have similar
sensitivity to case–control analyses when using the HRR
test and the specificity of linkage analysis when consider-
ing the TDT method, are not sensitive to stratified
populations and address the problem of stratification
present in the population-based association approaches.
However, the statistical power of the TDT method depends
on the number of heterozygous parents analysed and
becomes a critical issue in the study of susceptibility genes
in a complex phenotype such as ED. Although our sample
size is relatively large, the negative results of the TDT
analysis, when both BDNF SNPs were separately analysed,
should be considered with caution, as only 158 and 37 ANR
trios were informative for the Val66Met and ?270C/T
SNPs, respectively, sample sizes that represent a statistical
power of 77% for the Val66Met and 5.7% for the ?270C4T
On the other hand, the haplotype analysis considering
both BDNF variants provided additional information,
being the ?270C/Met66 haplotype preferentially trans-
mitted to the affected ANR probands. These results may
reflect the positive association between the Met66 allele
and ANR observed by the HRR and HHRR approaches. As
this sequence variant consists of a functional amino-acid
substitution that modulates the activity-dependent secre-
tion of BDNF in hippocampal transfected neurons,18it
could have direct biological consequences in the aetiology
of ANR. Alternatively, a new variant in linkage disequili-
brium with Met66 could be responsible for the genetic
susceptibility to ED. Interestingly, another candidate gene
involved in synapses, MALS3, is located 140kb upstream of
BDNF and its screening will provide further evidence for its
possible involvement in the physiopathology of ED.19,20
We found no evidence for the significant role of BDNF in
ANP or BN that was previously reported by a case–control
study of six European populations.11Possible explanations
for this discrepancy could be the presence of genetic
heterogeneity, inadequate power of a small sample size
once patients were subdivided according to the clinical
subtype (statistical power o30% in all cases) or population
structure effects. Moreover, the ANR sample may represent
a more homogeneous clinical group that, in the presence
of a moderate statistical power and genetic heterogeneity,
may contribute to a better identification of the genetic
factors involved. Alternatively, stratification bias, espe-
cially when analysing different populations, may have
been a potential confounding factor in the previous case–-
control association studies. However, although the con-
tribution of the different centres with rather different
sample sizes could increase the probability of type II errors,
there are several evidences that suggest no stratification
bias in the populations analysed: (a) we have analysed
markers in other candidate genes for ED in the European
samples participating in this study and no population
differences among the different centres were detected,21,22
(b) we have compared allelic and genotype frequencies of
the BDNF SNPs among controls from the different centres
and no significant differences have been observed and (c)
Ardlie et al23analysed four different samples to detect the
presence of population subdivision and suggested that
carefully matched and moderate-sized samples from Eur-
opean populations are unlikely to contain levels of
population stratification. All these evidences support the
fact that the presence of population stratification among
the different European centres participating in this study is
unlikely to be involved in our positive results.
Although the number of ED trios was modest, once we
subdivided the samples according to centres, the associa-
tion between ANB and the Val66 allele in the German
group suggests that, as previously reported, this population
displays a different genetic background in comparison to
the other European samples.11Alternatively, a differential
Val66Met effect on ANR and ANB is also possible, but
previous case–control studies argue against this hypothesis
as the Met66 allele was associated to ANR, ANB and
BN.11,12On the other hand, we did not find the previously
reported association between the ?270C/T SNP and BN or
AO,11but its low heterozygosity in the studied groups or
the presence of population heterogeneity could contribute
to these negative results.
Under the hypothesis that AN and BN may share some
aetiological basis,15,24
we also focused our study on
different ED phenotypical markers and found an associa-
tion between the Met66 BDNF allele and low minBMI.
These results are consistent with previous studies and
suggest a role of this BDNF variant in the severity of the
In conclusion, the results of this family-based study give
evidence for a BDNF contribution in the vulnerability to
both ANR and minBMI in a sample of eight different
European populations. This is the first family approach
that replicates previous case–control studies reporting a
positive association between BDNF and ED. However, it
remains uncertain if the ?270C/T SNP participates in
eating behaviour and body weight regulation. Further
studies in larger samples should provide additional clues
about its role in the susceptibility to ED. Moreover, the
characterization of additional SNPs within and flanking
the BDNF gene, together with the analysis of other
populations, may improve our understanding about the
involvement of this neurotrophin in the vulnerability to
AN and BN.
Subjects and methods
Study subjects
Family-based study
79.2% AN trios (N¼359) and 20.8% BN trios (N¼94)) were
recruited from eight different European centres participat-
ing in the EC Framework V 'Factors in Healthy Eating'
A total of 453 family trios with ED
BDNF and trios with eating disorders
M Ribase ´s et al
European Journal of Human Genetics
Page 6
QLK1-1999-916 consortium (France (N¼131), UK (N¼39),
Germany (N¼95), Milan (N¼54), Florence (N¼13), Spain
(N¼67), Austria (N¼43) and Slovenia (N¼11)). AN trios
were subdivided in restricting (N¼219) and binge-eating/
purging (N¼140) subtype. All probands included in this
study had a minimum duration of the illness of 3 years to
be considered as ANR or ANP. Table 5 shows the distribu-
tion of the ED family trios according to diagnosis and
population. All probands fulfilled the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-
IV) criteria for ED and were diagnosed using various types
of interview according to the country. The Spanish and
Florence samples were diagnosed with the Structured
Clinical Interview for Mental Disorders, research version
2.0 (SCID-I), the British and Austrian samples with the ATE
EAT, the French patients with the Diagnostic Interview for
Genetic Studies (DIGS), the Italian sample from Milan with
the Diagnostic Interview Schedule-Revised (DIS-R), and the
German and Slovene samples with the Composite Inter-
national Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Physicians reached a
consensus on the different interviews used for the
diagnosis. Most of the patients were female (N¼441,
97.3%) and DNA samples were used in previous association
studies.10,11,21,22Probands of 339 ED trios (88%) were
previously analysed in a case–control study to determine
the BDNF participation in ED.11Clinical information was
available from the majority of patients. The average age at
assessment was 20.8 years old (SD¼6.7) for AN patients
and 23.7 years old (SD¼5.3) for BN patients. The lifetime
minBMI was 13.66kg/m2(SD¼2.1) for AN patients and
(SD¼3.0) for BN patients. The lifetime
maxBMI was 20.53kg/m2(SD¼3.7) for AN patients and
25.32kg/m2(SD¼4.7) for BN patients. The study was
approved by the Ethics Committee of each institution.
Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects
who participated in the study.
Molecular analysis
Genotyping of the ?270C/T polymorphism located in the
50-untranslated region of the BDNF gene and the Val66Met
variant within the prodomain of the BDNF precursor was
performed as previously described.11
Statistical analysis
Average minBMI, maxBMI, age of assessment and AO in
each studied group were measured by the statistical
package SPSS 10.0. The distribution of genotypes for the
different populations was tested for the Hardy–Weinberg
equilibrium by a w2analysis using the INSTAT Graphpad
software. Under the hypothesis that BDNF may confer
susceptibility to the different ED subtypes in different ways
and to reduce heterogeneity, patients were subgrouped
according to the clinical subtypes of ANR, ANP and BN.
The Italian samples from Milan and Florence were analysed
together in all statistical tests. Linkage disequilibrium tests
were performed in probands and their parents using the
Haploview v.2.03(http://www.broad.mit.edu/personal/
jcbarret/haploview). The power analysis was performed
post hoc on the ED groups with the Power Calculator
software for the HRR analysis (Department of Statistics of
the University of Los Angeles; http://calculators.stat.ucla.e-
du/powercalc) and with the Genetic Power Calculator for
the TDTapproach (http://statgen.iop.kcl.ac.uk/gpc;25). The
transmitted and not transmitted genotypes from parents to
the affected offspring were compared by the HRR strategy
using the UNPHASED v.2.4 software.26The comparison of
the transmitted and not transmitted alleles from parents to
the child was assessed by the HHRR analysis
Fisher-exact test by the INSTAT Graphpad software. After
Bonferroni correction, conisdering two different BDNF
SNPs, significance was set up at P-valueso0.025. The TDT
and the two-locus TDT were performed using McNemar's w2
by the GENEHUNTER program (version 1.0; 13). The
analysis of the ED-related quantitative traits was performed
in the overall sample of ED patients by the quantitative
trait loci QTDT.28As the aim of this study was to replicate a
previous reported association, we considered one-tailed P-
values in all statistical tests.
27using a
We thank the patients for participation in the study. Financial support
was received from the European Union (Framework-V Multicentre
Research Grant, QLK1-1999-916, coordinated by Janet Treasure and
David Collier), the 'Psychiatry Genetics network (G03/184), 'Instituto
de Salut Carlos III – FIS' and the 'Departament d'Universitats i
Societat de la informacio ´, Generalitat de Catalunya'. Marta Ribases
was recipient of a BEFI fellowship from the FIS (Spanish Ministry of
Health) and the CRG (Center for Genomic Regulation).
1 Garner DM: Pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa. Lancet 1993; 341:
2 Thoenen H: Neurotrophins and neuronal plasticity. Science 1995;
270: 593–598.
Table 5
centres according to population and diagnosis
Distribution of 453 ED trios from eight European
PopulationANR triosANB trios BN trios
Italian – Milan
Italian – Florence
Total219 14094
BDNF and trios with eating disorders
M Ribase ´s et al
European Journal of Human Genetics
Page 7
3 Lo DC: Neurotrophic factors and synaptic plasticity. Neuron 1995;
15: 979–981.
4 Barde YA: Neurotrophins: a family of proteins supporting the
survival of neurons. Prog Clin Biol Res 1994; 390: 45–56.
5 Lyons WE, Mamounas LA, Ricaurte GA et al: Brain-derived
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ities. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96: 15239–15244.
6 Pelleymounter MA, Cullen MJ, Wellman CL: Characteristics of
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derived neurotrophic factor in the postnatal brain leads to obesity
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9 Xu B, Goulding EH, Zang K et al: Brain-derived neurotrophic
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receptor. Nat Neurosci 2003; 6: 736–742.
10 Ribases M, Gratacos M, Armengol L et al: Met66 in the brain-
derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) precursor is associated with
anorexia nervosa restrictive type. Mol Psychiatry 2003; 8:
11 Ribases M, Gratacos M, Fernandez-Aranda F et al: Association of
BDNF with anorexia, bulimia and age of onset of weight loss in
six European populations. Hum Mol Genet 2004; 13: 1205–1212.
12 Koizumi H, Hashimoto K, Itoh K et al: Association between the
brain-derived neurotrophic factor 196G/A polymorphism and
eating disorders. Am J Med Genet 2004; 127B: 125–127.
13 Falk CT, Rubinstein P: Haplotype relative risks: an easy reliable
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extending the transmission/disequilibrium test. Hum Hered 1998;
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15 Bulik CM, Sullivan PF, Carter FA, Joyce PR: Initial manifestations
of disordered eating behavior: dieting versus binging. Int J Eat
Disord 1997; 22: 195–201.
16 Bulik CM, Sullivan PF, Kendler KS: An empirical study of the
classification of eating disorders. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 886–
17 Gendall KA, Joyce PR, Sullivan PF, Bulik CM: Personality and
dimensions of dietary restraint. Int J Eat Disord 1998; 24:
18 Egan MF, Kojima M, Callicott JH et al: The BDNF val66met
polymorphism affects activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and
human memory and hippocampal function. Cell 2003; 112:
19 Simske JS, Kaech SM, Harp SA, Kim SK: LET-23 receptor
localization by the cell junction protein LIN-7 during C.elegans
vulval induction. Cell 1996; 85: 195–204.
20 Jo K, Derin R, Li M, Bredt DS: Characterization of MALS/Velis-1, -
2, and -3: a family of mammalian LIN- 7 homologs enriched at
brain synapses in association with the postsynaptic density-95/
NMDA receptor postsynaptic complex. J Neurosci 1999; 19:
21 Gorwood P, Ades J, Bellodi L et al: The 5-HT(2A) -1438G/A
polymorphism in anorexia nervosa: a combined analysis of 316
trios from six European centres. Mol Psychiatry 2002; 7: 90–94.
22 Gabrovsek M, Brecelj-Anderluh M, Bellodi L et al: Combined
family trio and case–control analysis of the COMT Val158Met
polymorphism in European patients with anorexia nervosa. Am J
Med Genet 2004; 124B: 68–72.
23 Ardlie KG, Lunetta KL, Seielstad M: Testing for population
subdivision and association in four case-control studies. Am J
Hum Genet 2002; 71: 304–311.
24 Strober M, Freeman R, Morrell W: The long-term course of severe
anorexia nervosa in adolescents: survival analysis of recovery,
relapse, and outcome predictors over 10–15 years in a prospec-
tive study. Int J Eat Disord 1997; 22: 339–360.
25 Purcell S, Cherny SS, Sham PC: Genetic power calculator: design
of linkage and association genetic mapping studies of complex
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26 Dudbridge F: Pedigree disequilibrium tests for multilocus haplo-
types. Genet Epidemiol 2003; 25: 115–121.
27 Terwilliger JD, Ott J: A haplotype-based 'haplotype relative risk'
approach to detecting allelic associations. Hum Hered 1992; 42:
28 Abecasis GR, Cardon LR, Cookson WO: A general test of
association for quantitative traits in nuclear families. Am J Hum
Genet 2000; 66: 279–292.
BDNF and trios with eating disorders
M Ribase ´s et al
European Journal of Human Genetics


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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
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Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt Join the Pack of Oscars A-List Presenters
With less than one week away until the Oscars, the full list celebrities who will take the stage on March 2 to present at the Academy Awards has been released.
Among the famous names are Angelina Jolie, Brad Pitt, Will Smith, Charlize Theron and Chris Hemsworth.
"We are very excited that the Hollywood community will be turning out in force for Sunday's Oscar ceremony," Oscar producers Craig Zadan and Neil Meron said in a statement. "We sought to include a tremendous diversity of stars to represent not only this year's nominees, but the legacy of the motion picture business as well."
Ellen DeGeneres is back this year to host the ceremonies.
The full list of presenters is below.
Amy Adams Kristen Bell Jessica Biel Jim Carrey Glenn Close Bradley Cooper Penélope Cruz Benedict Cumberbatch Viola Davis Daniel Day-Lewis Robert De Niro Zac Efron Sally Field Harrison Ford Jamie Foxx Andrew Garfield Jennifer Garner Whoopi Goldberg Joseph Gordon-Levitt Anne Hathaway Goldie Hawn Chris Hemsworth Kate Hudson Samuel L. Jackson Angelina Jolie Michael B. Jordan Anna Kendrick Jennifer Lawrence Matthew McConaughey Ewan McGregor Bill Murray Kim Novak Tyler Perry Brad Pitt Sidney Poitier Gabourey Sidibe Will Smith Kevin Spacey Jason Sudeikis Channing Tatum Charlize Theron John Travolta Christoph Waltz Kerry Washington Emma Watson Naomi Watts


text:
Sat January 24 2015
MobileRead Week in Review: 01/17 - 01/24 |
07:00 AM by Alexander Turcic in Miscellaneous | Week in Review Gosh we've talked a lot this week. Here's your weekly round up of MobileRead's events. E-Book General - News E-Book General - Reading Recommendations |
Advertisement |
Fri January 23 2015
Amazon launches eTextbook creator |
10:21 AM by fjtorres in E-Book General | News Via Fortune: More at the source and Amazon. No mention of the eink readers but with the multicolor highlighting they're obviously targetting tablets. |
[ 14 replies ] |
Tue January 20 2015
February 2015 Book Club Nominations |
01:01 AM by WT Sharpe in Reading Recommendations | Book Clubs MobileRead Book Club Help us select the book that the MobileRead Book Club will read for February, 2015. The nominations will run through midnight EST January 31 or until 10 books have made the list. The poll will then be posted and will remain open for five days. Book selection category for February is: Romance In order for a book to be included in the poll it needs THREE NOMINATIONS (original nomination, a second and a third). How Does This Work? How Does a Book Get Selected? How Many Nominations Can I Make? How Do I Nominate a Book? How Do I Know What Has Been Nominated? When is the Poll? The floor is open to nominations. Please comment if you discover a nomination is not available as an ebook in your area.
(1) The fault in Our Stars by John Green Spoiler:
(2) The Age of Innocence by Edith Wharton Spoiler:
(3) Ali and Nino: A Love Story by Kurban Said Spoiler:
(4) Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro Spoiler:
(5) Latakia by JF Smith Spoiler:
(6) Tigers and Devils by Sean Kennedy Spoiler:
(7) Echoes by Maeve Binchy Spoiler:
(8) Fighting Redemption by Kate McCarthy Spoiler:
(9) Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë Spoiler:
[ 83 replies ] |
Sat January 17 2015
MobileRead Week in Review: 01/10 - 01/17 |
07:00 AM by Alexander Turcic in Miscellaneous | Week in Review Feast your eyes on some of the discussions from this week at MobileRead... E-Book General - News |
Fri January 16 2015
Apple: 1 million new iBooks customers each week since iOS 8 launch |
12:43 PM by Lin2412 in E-Book General | News |
[ 65 replies ] |
Tue January 13 2015
Scribd signs up Macmillan |
03:58 PM by pdurrant in E-Book General | News Another announcement from Scribd of a big publisher signing up with them. After Houghton Mifflin Harcourt they now also have Macmillan. See the announcement on their blog. But it's not Macmillan's entire catalogue. Only 'more than a thousand'. |
[ 37 replies ] |
Amazon takes over university's textbook sales operation |
03:55 PM by fjtorres in E-Book General | News From the Boston Globe: More at the source. |
[ 10 replies ] |
Sat January 10 2015
Can E Ink Corp. Help You Build Your Own Ara eReader? |
11:15 PM by Marseille in E-Book Readers | Android Devices You may have heard of Project Ara, Google ATAP's modular phone. It went through two developer's conferences and two tech spirals last year in a surprisingly open development process. A lot of what we got to see usually happens behind closed doors. This month will be the third conference, and Google wants to sell its first devices this year, though it would be a 'limited market pilot' at first. There are long form articles posted in the top item in this FAQ: http://www.projectara.com/faq/ Some are a bit old (fortune is the newest in August), but they all do a good job of explaining what Ara is and how it came to be. Basically you can build your own phone and pick your own processor, storage options, battery capacity, cameras and peripherals, and upgrade any one without having to upgrade the entire device. Some modules are hot swappable, so you can flip in, for example, a fully charged battery module to replace a drained one on the go (no power down needed). Screens are also modules, and thus the reason for this post. Ara probably won't succeed without market demand. Google has big partners unlike a lot of modular programs out there you might hear about. Toshiba, NVIDIA, Marvell, Rockchip, Quanta, etc are all on board, and that's important. And they've also sought to develop smaller partners worldwide with these development conferences. But I don't see marketing budgets like Samsung's or Apple's ever coming to bear here. This will be more democratic. It will succeed or fail depending on demand from users. Diversity of modules may depend on how active users are. This post is for anyone who might want to build, not just a phone, but any mobile device, to their own tastes. As we're all readers here, I'm asking you to tweet at E Ink and ask them to support @ProjectAra so we can all build our own eReaders, independent of any one store front. So we can use our own readerware, news readers, browsers. So we can keep audiobooks, podcasts and music on board and do TTS. So we can choose a size of eReader that suits us. So we can choose our own battery capacity or make our dedicated eReader a little less dedicated and more multiuse if we so please. If you're interested, please tweet to E Ink at https://twitter.com/EInk that you want them to make an eink screen for @ProjectAra and post below to let me know if you do. Feel free to ask questions here if you're curious about Ara. |
[ 17 replies ] |


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text:
Results 1 to 10 of 10
- 02-13-2010, 09:41 PM Thread Author #1
Sent emails show up in inbox.
Hi Guys,
Whenever I send an email using my gmail account whether from my phone or my computer, the sent message shows up in the inbox as a new incoming message, I have my Messaging already set to hide sent emails/SMS/MMS/etc. So how do I get my phone to stop adding messages i sent as new messages in my inbox?
Thanks! -
Beat me to it.
add me on twitter! @AZBBFAN - 02-14-2010, 02:20 AM Thread Author #4
Ok I've gone through the first 12 pages of that thread, and still can't figure out how to do it. I've tried the filter on my gmail account but that didn't work, and I tried to use the BIS link from my phone to add a filter but there was no filter option on that site. Is there any special way the browser needs to be configured to see the filter icon?
I get a similar phenomena. Whenever I reply to any Email on my PC, the original Email shows up in the BB inbox, even if it is already there when first sent (so then I would have two of the same Emails in my BB inbox). This is real annoying and I haven't seen any way to stop that, since you would have to filter out everything.
John in North Carolina - 02-16-2010, 05:24 PM Thread Author #6
bump, Help Please?
When I had this problem, I just logged onto my gmail account from my PC and set up a filter blocking all incoming mail from my own address.
Worked for me.If you wanna get down let me show you the way,
WHOOP! There it is, let me hear you say... - 02-16-2010, 09:20 PM #8
That didn't work for me. If I set a filter eg. firstname.lastname@example.com, when I reply to that Email on the computer, it still comes back to the BB because it isn't sent FROM email@example.com, but TO email@example.com. For some reason, replying makes the system think it came again. An annoying aspect I think of OS 4.7 because it didn't happen before that upgrade.
John in North Carolina - 02-02-2011, 10:50 AM #10
I have been having the same problem with my Tour I even went into Sprint to see what they thought. I put a filter on my gmail account, that didn't help. I just learned to get used to it, no matter if I sent from my BB or my PC I was still receiving the sent emails to my 9630.
Best of luck if you find out the way to get rid of it.My wife says I have an addiction to buying smartphones. I'm okay with that. -


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Simplification of Employment of Foreign Workers in Poland and the case of Wrocław[25/09/2013] [Polen] [Forschungsarbeit] [Englisch] Beitrag von : Country Coordinator Poland Autoren : Mirosław Bieniecki, Mikołaj Pawlak The so called 'simplified system' of employment of nationals of selected countries in Poland was not designed as a measure for immigrant integration. The introduction of the system in 2006 was a response to the employer demand in the sectors of agriculture and horticulture for the quick supply of the workers for seasonal employment. The integration aspect of the measure under consideration was intended, but is important as the 'simplified system' (1) supports integration into the regular labour market of migrants who are traditionally taking up the jobs in the irregular labour market; and (2) provides opportunity for the smooth transition to long-term employment under the general regulations on the employment of foreigners in Poland. The measure is also not designed exclusively for the less skilled migrants. However, due to the fact that it is targeted at workers taking up short-term jobs, it in reality predominantly concerning the low- or semi-skilled positions. Low and semi-skilled work assignments do not necessarily correspond to the immigrants' qualifications. Especially in the case of Ukrainian immigrants, overqualification is widespread (for example a nurse certified working as a domestic caregiver; or a teacher taking up seasonal work in agriculture). Source : CEON Repozytorium |


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"OMG - this was sooooooooooooo divine :) I substituted sherry for bourbon and fresh mandarin juice as I had no lemons, and it was delicious. The extra sauce was so good with the rice !!!"
"This recipe was deeevine - will definitely make it again. Of course, I had to subsitute - no bourbon so used sherry, no lemon so used a couple of mandarins. I also feel the colouring is unnessary so omitted that. Still, it was delicious and the sauce, poured over afterwards, was sooo good with the rice :)"
"OMG - this is one of those 2 die for recipes !! YUMMO !! Can I quickly add that the 3rd time I made this - I forgot to add the butter to the chocolate for the base. The result was this deeeeevine meringue like base - will never add the butter again :)"
"Stoked with this !! Living in NZ - I used a 2 litre block of French Vanilla, which I cut into three and being a Malteasers fan, used them along with Tatua chocolate whipped cream out of a can. DEEEEVINE !! The variations are endless so will be trying it again :)"
"Quick, easy and SOOOOO delicious - I have used this more than once, and it is DIVINE :) Specially with a dollop of creme fraiche !!"
"VERY IMPRESSED with this. I omitted the white sugar, used fresh walnuts instead of cashews and instead of the sugar and water for the syrup, I blended a can of apricots in their own juice. OH MY GOSH - was it DIVINE and my guests all went back for seconds. Will be adding this to my favourites list. Thanks for sharing this recipe :)"
"Divine !!! Definately an excellent recipe - doubled it & made 2 delicious batches ! ! I altered the icing and omitted the powdered sugar the 2nd time round as I thought it too sweet. I used only white choc & cream cheese ie 3 ozs cream cheese , 6 ozs melted choc. Still get a luvly fudgy icing but with a better white choc flavour."


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Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR) headquarters is located five miles east of U.S. 1 in Titusville, Florida. The Refuge, which is an overlay...[more]
Activities and Amenities:AUTO TOURINGBOATINGFISHINGHIKINGHUNTINGINTERPRETIVE PROGRAMSVISITOR CENTERWILDLIFE VIEWING Results near Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge
[ * in straight line, not driving distance ] Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge (LWRNWR) is the first Refuge designated primarily for the preservation of endangered plants. Thirty-one rare...[more]
St. Johns National Wildlife Refuge (SJNWR) was established in 1971 to protect the dusky seaside sparrow. In 1990, the species was officially declared ...[more]
Since ancient times, this barrier island has provided sanctuary to both people and wildlife. Many threatened animals find refuge here, including sea turtles...[more]
Activities and Amenities:AUTO TOURINGBIKINGBOATINGCAMPINGFISHINGHIKINGHORSEBACK RIDINGHUNTINGSWIMMINGWILDLIFE VIEWING The Archie Carr National Wildlife Refuge stretches across 20.5 miles between Melbourne Beach and Wabasso Beach along Florida's east coast. The refuge was...[more]
Activities and Amenities:FISHING Pelican Island holds a unique place in American history, because on March 14, 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt designated it as the Nation's first National...[more]
Activities and Amenities:BOATINGFISHING The museum develops and maintains collections, exhibitions, and programs, within the broad area of art, science and Florida history, for bringing about...[more]
Activities and Amenities:INTERPRETIVE PROGRAMSVISITOR CENTER River Forest is a shaded group camping facility on the shores of the St. Johns River in Ocala National Forest. Located just across the river from Deland...[more]
Camping and LodgingHas sites with: Max Occupants(125), Driveway Entry (Pull-Through).
GROUP STANDARD NONELECTRIC(1) Along the shores of Clay Lake in the southern part of the Ocala National Forest, this primitive camp at the edge of the Alexander Springs Wilderness provides...[more]
Activities and Amenities:CAMPING Lake Woodruff National Wildlife Refuge Lake Woodruff NWR was established in 1964 to provide habitat for migrating and wintering birds. The refuge contains...[more]
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