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Forum topic by Lumberpunk | posted 02-01-2013 02:17 AM | 1160 views | 0 times favorited | 12 replies |
Topic tags/keywords: question Hi All, I am planning on building my own lathe (blog to come) I have a 2Hp motor I recovered off an old air compressor (115V) and I am wondering if I can put a rheostat on it for speed control or if I need to get multi speed spindles for the belts. Basically wondering if putting a rheostat on will wreck the motor? Thanks Luke |
12 replies so far
#1 posted 02-01-2013 02:29 AM |
Yes. -- Michael :-{| "If you tell a big enough lie and tell it frequently enough, it will be believed." ― A H |
#2 posted 02-01-2013 02:31 AM |
2Hp motor from a compressor makes me assume this is a induction motor, if so, I don't think a rheostat will work as they are aimed at the direct drive motors (routers and such). for variable speed control, DC motors with a DC driver are a a more common setup. looking forward to seeing your build as I am planning on going a similar route at some point possibly (unless I find a killer deal on a lathe) -- ㊍ When in doubt - There is no doubt - Go the safer route. |
#3 posted 02-01-2013 02:35 AM |
as Michael suggested – even the VS lathes have stepped pulleys for different ranges of speeds, but you don't really get a 0-MAX complete control without losing some torque. Another option to setup VS with induction motor is to use cone pulleys, but you'd need to build/find that drive mechanism and incorporate it into your lathe (this would probably be my path) -- ㊍ When in doubt - There is no doubt - Go the safer route. |
#4 posted 02-01-2013 02:36 AM |
Thanks Guys Question answered… next does anyone know a good place to get 5 step pulleys? |
#5 posted 02-01-2013 02:43 AM |
what is your motor arbor size? you can get replacement parts from Grizzly to their lathes as one option. or find a machinist to make you custom pulleys for your arbor and step sizes. where are you located? -- ㊍ When in doubt - There is no doubt - Go the safer route. |
#6 posted 02-01-2013 02:45 AM |
I believe it is 5/8 inch, I am located in canada, I will look at Grizzly… Thanks! |
#7 posted 02-01-2013 06:50 AM |
globalindustrial.com Will have the pulleys you want -- Love thy neighbour as thyself |
#8 posted 02-01-2013 08:36 AM |
the motor you have has no brushes the rheostats only work with brushed motors. The rpm of the motor will make a differance as to how deep you need to go with the reduction you could use four steps and a jack shaft. many drill presses have a third idler shaft in them to get the range of speed. |
#9 posted 02-01-2013 06:42 PM |
Set the lathe up with a single speed then make step pulleys out of wood. |
#10 posted 02-01-2013 07:18 PM |
An induction motor, one without brushes, cannot be speed controlled with a rheostat unless it is a VFD motor and drive (external controller required). Such as but any HP greater fractional will be expensive. Just the drives, no motor, are near the $100 starting price. Even a DC motor will not give you the performance you want with a rheostat as the rheostat is nothing more than a series resistance and creates a voltage drop and limits the amunt of current available thus degrading the motor performance. If you want performance out of a DC motor with speed control you need to look a solid state speed control. Such as Go with pulleys, less cost and simpler to use. -- "I never met a board I didn't like!" |
#11 posted 02-02-2013 07:41 AM |
looks like i might just buy a 2nd hand lathe, pulleys and vfds putting my cost up. |
#12 posted 02-02-2013 07:57 AM |
First thing to check is if the motor off the compressor is induction or 'universal' It is probably an induction motor, but I wouldn't bet on it, a cheap, compact, or portable compressor could have a 'universal' motor on it. Check to see if the motor has brushes, like a hand drill or router motor, if it does then all you need to control the speed is a cheap dimmer switch, well maybe a commercial dimmer switch, check the amp rating. If it was easily removed from the compressor though it is probably an induction motor, which will burn up if you try running it with reduced voltage. Universal motors are usually integrated into the tool, while induction motors are usually bolted on. -- Ted |
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SEE: Guide to Download NPTEL Video Lecture
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Good day, all-
Hopefully the subject says it all. I have a family that has over thirty types and I need to update a single parameter value across all types to be the same value. Is there a global way anyone knows to perform this task instead of the current copy/paste/paste/paste method I am doing. I thought about exporting to a catalog and modifying the text file in Excel, but I lose my formulae when I do that.
Any help would be appreciated.
If this isn't possible, this would be a good wishlist item, Autodesk - where a family has global parameters that are consistent throughout the family, regardless of type.
Solved! Go to Solution.
Solved! by Alfredo_Medina. See the answer in context.
Make the parameter equal to a value, in the formula column, in one of the types. Then, the parameter will adquire that value in all the other types.
Make the parameter equal to a value, in the formula column, in one of the types. Then, the parameter will adquire that value in all the other types.
First of all you need to understand the essentials of creating a family which has multiple type:
You have created the family in a wrong way if it has over thirty types.
It is a know fact that any family which has more than 6 types should be created using TYPE CATALOG .
In case you don't know, type catalog is a simple text (.txt) file with very simple syntax to write.
You need to put the type catalog file in the same folder where you family is saved.
If you want to change the value of one particular parameter, you can easily do that in a type catalog text file.
Let me know if want to know more about 'how to create type catalog'.
Thanks Alfredo and Parveen-
Placing the value in the formula column worked in the fashion I was looking. In the end, I will use a combination of both suggestions - I just still needed to maintain the formula relationships inside of Revit at this time. The catalog was always the intent.
While I agree that having a large number of types within one family can become cumbersome, I wouldn't go so far as to set a limit of 6 types before a type catalogue is needed. I have some families with around 10-12 types in them, based on various visibility configurations, that wouldn't necessarily benefit from a type catalogue. Whether or not someone decides to use a type catalog should be a decision made based on the family they're creating, not just the number of types within that family. Just my two cents.
if the number of family type (with simple paramters like length,width and height etc.) is higher, you'll find it difficult to create that number of types within family. It takes more than just typing it in a text document.
my team has created more than 8000 families for different manufactureres and consultant across globe and has developed excellent checklist, some add-in tools for automated quality check and to make sure we follow the standard steps to comply with autodeks seek guideline.
based on their experience they have suggested that 6 is the benchmark number to decide to go for Type Catalog.
For families with simple parameters, yes, a type catalog can be useful.
But if I've got, let's say, a cubicle family, with multiple nested families for various pieces of equipment (desks, filing cabinets, lighting, power, partitions, etc.), all with various location and on/off configurations, then a type catalog is less useful, even if I have more than 6 types.
I just didn't want people to interpret your phrasing in your previous post as implying that there's some kind of hard-limit on the number of types you can have within a family before you need to use a type catalog.
It all depends on the level of comfort. If you could do it with family types within family without spending too much time, its good.
Whatever save you time and hassle, should be your preference.
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Poland to beat Greece, say animal oracles
- Published: 8 Jun 2012 at 09.55 | Viewed: 3,092 | Comments: 0
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- Writer: Terry Fredrickson
TrueVisions subscribers need not despair if their TV screens go dark for the kickoff of Euro 2012 because we already know who will win the first match from animal "psychics", both here and abroad.
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Citta, a 33-year-old female Indian elephant, picks a melon which indicates a Polish victory over Greece in their Euro 2012 opener. AFP
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Poland to beat Greece, say animal oracles
Tik, a seven-year old male seal at Dusit Zoo, picks Greece to lose. PATTARACHAI PREECHAPANICH
TrueVision subscribers need not despair if their TV screens go dark for the kickoff of the 2012 Uefa European Football Championship.
The thrill is gone because we already know that Poland will beat Greece in the opening match. That is the conclusion of two prognosticators from the animal kingdom that made their predictions known yesterday.
In Warsaw, a 'psychic' 33-year-old elephant named Citta made her first Euro 2012 prediction by happily picking a melon marked Poland.
Citta correctly chose Chelsea over Bayern Munich in the Champions League final.
Her choice was documented with pictures on the website of the zoo in Krakow, southern Poland, where she lives.
The management will seek her opinion before every Poland match and throughout the latter stages of the tournament until the final on July 1.
Here in Thailand, the Dusit Zoo's resident oracle is Tik, a seven-year old male seal. Tik actually picked the loser – Greece – by putting a ball with the Greek colours through a basket at the side of its pool. Above the basket was a sign "Pae" (lose).
If either Citta or Tik falter in their predictions, we can always turn to an octopus named Paulus in the Sea Life Aquarium in Porto, Portugal of to Fred the ferret in a zoo in Euro 2012 co-hosts Ukraine.
Adapted from a story in today's Bangkok Post.
female – of the sex that can lay eggs or give birth to babies, being a woman or a girl ตัวเมีย, เพศหญิง
indicate – to show that something is true, exists or will happen แสดง, ให้สัญญาณ
victory – winning a competition or a battle ชัยชนะ
oracle – a person, book or, in this case, an animal that gives the best information or advice on something; a type of priest in ancient Greece who told people what would happen in the future or who gave them advice from the gods ผู้พยากรณ์
subscriber – someone who pays money to an organization in order to receive a product, use a service regularly or support the organisation ผู้ใช้บริการ
despair – to feel that there is no hope and that you can do nothing to improve a difficult or worrying situation รู้สึกสิ้นหวัง, หมดหวัง
thrill – a sudden feeling of being very excited and pleased ความรู้สึกตื่นเต้น
conclusion – something that you decide is true after consider all the evidence and thinking about it carefully การสรุป,บทสรุป
prognosticator – a person, or, in this case, an animal who makes statements about what will happen in the future ผู้ทำนาย
the animal kingdom – the group all living animals อาณาจักรสัตว์, โลกของสัตว์
prediction – a statement about what you think will happen in the future คำพยากรณ์,คำทำนาย,การพยากรณ์
psychic – a person or, in this case an elephant, who seems to have strange mental powers so that they can do things that are not possible according to natural laws, such as predicting the future คนที่ไวต่อพลังจิต
document – to record the details of something บันทึกข้อมูล
opinion – your feelings or thoughts about somebody/something, rather than a fact ความเห็น, ความคิดเห็น, ทัศนคติ
latter – the later part of a period of time ส่วนหลัง
stage – a part of an activity or process or a period of development ระยะ, ช่วง, ตอน
tournament – a competition for teams or single players in which a series of games is played, and the winners of each game play against each other until only one winner is left การแข่งขัน
resident – a person (or animal) who lives in a particular place ผู้พักอาศัย
falter – to become less effective and successful ลังเล, พิโยกพิเกน
octopus – a sea animal with a soft round body and eight long arms called tentacles ปลาหมึกยักษ์
aquarium – a building with where people can go to look at fish and other water animals which are kept in large glass containers also known as aquariums พิพิธภัณฑ์สัตว์น้ำ, สถานที่เลี้ยงสัตว์น้ำ,บ่อเลี้ยงปลา
ferret – a small thin furry animal with a long tail that people use for hunting rabbits and rats สัตว์คล้ายพังพอนใช้ไล่ล่าหนูหรือกระต่าย
host – a country, city, group, person, etc. which provides the space and other things necessary for a special event เจ้าภาพ
co-host – one of two countries, cities, groups, people, etc. which provide the space and other things necessary for a special event เจ้าภาพร่วม
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Dell Venue 8
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Part 1 - Sing About Me
from Kendrick Lamar – Sing About Me, I'm Dying of Thirst Lyrics on Genius
Half of the full track, the other half being "Dying of Thirst". This half is about people Kendrick knew that died, who wanted to have their stories portrayed through his music.
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Jennifer Love Hewitt
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Total Time:
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Member #610488's Note:
This traditional Korean recipe is one where you can make the meatballs with ground chicken, turkey, lamb or pork if you want. Beef is traditional for this recipe.
My Private Note
Units: US | Metric
- 6 ounces firm tofu
- 2 garlic cloves
- 4 green onions
- 8 ounces ground beef (use lean or extra lean)
- 1 tablespoon soy sauce
- 2 teaspoons sesame oil
- 2 teaspoons sesame seeds
- 1/2 inch fresh ginger, peeled
- 8 cups chicken stock (use the best you can buy)
- salt, to taste
- 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour
- 1 egg
- 1Put the tofu in a clean cloth and squeeze out as much moisture as you can, then tip the tofu into a mixing bowl and mash it with a fork. Peel and finely chop the garlic. Cut 2 of the spring onions crosswise into very thin rings, reserving the other 2 for the stock.
- 2Add the garlic and sliced spring onions to the bowl with the tofu and then add the ground beef, soy sauce, sesame oil and sesame seeds. Mix well and roll into about 20 meatballs – about the size of a walnut. At this point, you could refrigerate the meatballs until ready to cook.
- 3Put the stock in a large pan. Cut the remaining spring onions into 2 inch lengths. Peel the ginger and cut it into thin slices. Add the ginger and spring onions to the stock and bring it to a boil. Lower the heat and simmer gently for 8-10 minutes. Salt the stock to your taste. Return to a boil to add meatballs.
- 4Put the flour onto a plate and beat the egg lightly in a bowl. Roll each meatball first in the flour and then the egg and then drop into the boiling soup. If the soup falls out of the boil stage as you are adding meatballs, this is ok. Once all meatballs have been added, return soup to a boil and then serve.
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Nutritional Facts for Wanjakuk (Korean Meatball Soup)
Serving Size: 1 (413 g)
Servings Per Recipe: 4
- Amount Per Serving
- % Daily Value
- Calories 394.1
- Calories from Fat 182
- 46%
- Total Fat 20.2 g
- 31%
- Saturated Fat 6.0 g
- 30%
- Cholesterol 99.4 mg
- 33%
- Sodium 1000.9 mg
- 41%
- Total Carbohydrate 22.8 g
- 7%
- Dietary Fiber 1.1 g
- 4%
- Sugars 8.3 g
- 33%
- Protein 29.1 g
- 58%
The following items or measurements are not included:
fresh ginger
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The Royal Academy of Arts elects Very limited edition Rachid Koraïchi monograph available for purchase from our bookstore Register here for our newsletter to recieve details of forthcoming exhibitions, events and gallery news. with an Interest free* loan (* typical APR 0%) Click here for more details Click for London's Journey planner for transport links to October Gallery Download map and travel details as PDF |
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CAN YOU ALL HEAR ME? Including works by Brion Gysin, Liliane Lijn, Genesis Breyer P-Orridge,
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4 December 2014 – 7 Febraury 2015 As the final event celebrating the centenary of William S. Burroughs's birth, October Gallery, London, presents an exhibition of his art, including rarely-displayed pieces. The exhibition opens 4th December, 2014 and continues until 7th February, 2015, and will highlight artists who have been profoundly influenced by Burroughs' life, including Brion Gysin, Genesis Breyer P-Orridge, Liliane Lijn, Shezad Dawood and Cerith Wyn Evans. Throughout all Burroughs work - art, novels, essays, film and sound experiments - Burroughs wove a passionate message: deconstruct control systems and think for yourself. His art is a personal exploration of intelligence. Artists working in all genres have heard his message, and references to Burroughs' works are now deeply embedded in our culture, from painting to film to advertising to literature to journalism to music. Forthcoming ExhibitionEl Anatsui
SELECTED WORKS 12 February - 28 March 2015
El Anatsui's sculptural experiments with media and form have challenged the definition of sculpture itself. In particular, his metal wall-hangings have received international acclaim. Throughout a distinguished forty-year career as both an artist and teacher, El Anatsui has addressed a wide range of social, political and historical concerns and embraced an equally diverse range of media and processes. In 2013, one of his largest metal wall-hangings to utilize his bottle-top technique, TSIATSIA – searching for connection, adorned the façade of Burlington House. Created to coincide with the Royal Academy of Arts Summer Exhibition 2013, this remarkable work won the prestigious Charles Wollaston Award. The exhibition will focus on a range of intricate metal sculptures.Most Recent ExhibitionsINTERWOVEN HISTORIES
30 October - 29 November 2014
October Gallery, London, presents Interwoven Histories,an exhibition of compelling mixed-media works by artists from Africa. With remarkable new works by artists, Naomi Wanjiku Gakunga, Nnenna Okore and Romuald Hazoumè, this exhibition will also introduce works by artist Adejoke Tugbiyele. Owusu Ankomah
MICROCRON BEGINS 18 September - 25 October 2014
In his second solo exhibition at October Gallery the renowned artist Owusu-Ankomah will exhibit a new body of works on canvas. Born in Sekondi, Ghana, in 1956, Owusu-Ankomah pursued studies in Fine Arts at Ghanatta College in Accra before moving to Bremen, Germany where he now lives and works. His charged paintings on canvas depict an alternate world wherein monumental human figures – his core motif – are shown moving within an ocean of signs that surround, support and, in fact, define them. The way in which these figures coexist and interact with various symbolic sets has developed through distinct phases over time, reflecting Owusu-Ankomah's own journey of spiritual discovery. His early work drew heavily on the ancient traditions of African rock-painting and masquerade, before his figures shed their masks and body paintings to become unashamedly visible. Finally, naked and powerful, these eloquent actors became covered in scripts of complex symbols that, in a studied trompe l'oeil effect, camouflage their finely sculpted bodies against alternating backgrounds of relevant and significant signs. Using a palette of new colours, Owusu-Ankomah's latest work further develops these possibilities, adding further visual signs of his own invention to the customary lexicon of adinkra symbols which each represent a particular concept used by the Akan-speaking peoples of Ghana. In the same Akan language kusum refers to sacred sites involved in the secret performances of mystery rites. Owusu-Ankomah extends his visual explorations in novel directions by developing innovative symbols, such as the Microcron – the circle of shining orbs signifying 'universes inside universes,' which so entrances the figure in the image above. This unique symbolic logic yokes together ancient traditions of secret knowledge with current speculation about the mysterious nature of reality derived from theoretical physics, which predicts the parallel coexistence of multi-dimensional universes within a single multiverse. October Gallery Events{image}


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Goyard,Goyard Bags,lso make certaIn that the lots of elements to your personalIty are revealed slowly and gradually.Respect hIs area as you respect yoursThe greatest way to get hIm addIcted to you Is by generatIng dIstInct lower boundarIes. Make convInced that he respects your want for room and gIve hIm all the room he requIres. ThIs way he wIll know that he wIll never be caged lIke hIs other frIends and he wIll start to appeal you extra.These days, parents prefer onlIne school admIssIons as they dont have to go here and there and search for schools as these portals provIde school detaIled InformatIon In form of school dIrectory.,GIve new lIfe to an old mop head bay to offer them as a favour tree. nd I just learned about the HATCH CollectIon. Wow, I'll take one of everythIng, thanks. Work your pre-pregnancy closet to a poInt.Yes, you can usually get away wIth wearIng your pre-pregnancy pants for most of the fIrst trImester If you use a Belly Band or somethIng lIke It. But just lIke there's no gold medal for delIverIng naturally, there Is no poInt In puttIng off the maternIty plunge.had to drag my sIster to the maternIty store only for her to marvel at the comfort and joy of an elastIc waIst.,Kate Spade Outlet Online
http://hudsonrivernp.com/arch/ksshop.asp,http://hudsonrivernp.com/arch/ksshop.asp,ThIs was the moment when I became fascInated by musIc, and especIally the pIano.What's your famIly background? Would you say your herItage/ancestry has had any Influence on your approach to musIc?I was born and raIsed In London, my famIly are IndIan by race but came from Kenya In AfrIca. I don't feel as though my herItage or ancestry has had any Influence on me really, however, both IndIan and AfrIcan cultures partIcIpated In trIbal gatherIngs where the musIc performed was drum related. Maybe thIs Is IngraIned Into my roots.,hat doesn't mean we can't recklessly speculate, however, and that's exactly what I Intend to do.The more I looked, the more I found that workmanlIke leather goods were mostly what utIlIzed pIgskIn work gloves, men's boots, thIngs that get dIrty and take a beatIng. Somewhat unexpectedly, I also found that the materIal was quIte popularly advertIsed as the maIn IngredIent In lots of counterfeIt bags.Based on that InformatIon and what we see of the Rochas tote, It may be that pIgskIn Is just a bIt too durable and hardy for most luxurIous bag desIgns.,Goyard Online Store
http://waveskater.com/index/gdonline.asp,http://waveskater.com/goyardbag/,Slow up the dosage gradually If you're on hIgh measure. ThIs wIll let the body adapt to the capsules easIly.You may have to start takIng these capsules agaIn If you thInk that you have commenced puttIng on weIght agaIn. It Is better to start early rather than waItIng for long.t Is usually easy to combat weIght problems at InItIal stages. WeIght loss program Is a long journey and you should get slowly to get longer lastIng results. GenerIc AllI Is only a pIll and you defInItely cannot expect that to do magIc In your case.,roper tImIng or synchronIzatIon Is crucIal when subbIng. NothIng gets more annoyIng quIte lIke a movIe wIth badly-tImed captIons. Tardy for the Party' as your rIngtone.TryIng to desIgn the area around a pool mIght be much more challengIng than sImply lookIng for a shape of pool and hot tub. Buy a kIds actIvIty table and notIce how useful It Is for learnIng, havIng fun and even meetIng new frIends. Of course you mIght want to thInk about gettIng a chIldrens table and chaIr set when you check out my blog.,Kate Spade Sale


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Friday, August 12, 2011
Free video demo on Light: Sam Nielson interview
More FREE video interviews/demos on Schoolism.com
Hope you enjoy my interview with Sam Nielson!
Wednesday, March 23, 2011
Tuesday, November 23, 2010
Sketch-o-daily Tuesday November 23rd
Win this Original Illustration by Bobby Chiu!
We come up with a new topic daily and the challenge starts, you have one full day (24 hours) to complete each challenge. It typically starts at 10am ET/7am PT and ends at 10am ET/7am PT the next day. Click here for all the details!
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GamesBeat 2015 continues in its seventh year, and like the GamesBeat Summit, will focus on the international explosion of gaming, and what it takes to create a sustainable business by reaching and retaining game users that are increasingly mobile.
The big difference is that GamesBeat 2015 will feature a much broader audience, and allow for a wider consideration of topics around the theme of gaming growth.
Mega hits like Candy Crush, Angry Birds, and Assassins' Creed have sparked a paradigm shift in the gaming industry. The trick is to figure out how these hits can be repeated, and part of that has to do with nurturing loyal gamers over time. There is also the rise of new platforms that allow brands to touch every major city and continent.
GamesBeat 2015 is your opportunity to join the important conversations around things like in-game marketing and how to use analytics and other data to get ahead.
We've gathered top game publishers, brands, agencies, VCs, and other influencers together in an accessible format that will articulate the gaming industry's roadmap for 2015 and beyond.
Grand Hyatt Union Square
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Take Highway 101 North towards the Bay Bridge. Take the 4th street exit. Travel one block to 3rd street and turn left. Take 3rd Street, across Market Street, to Sutter Street and turn left. Take Sutter to Stockton Street and turn left. The hotel is located on the corner of Sutter and Stockton.
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I apologize for the ignorance and offensive comments from my White counterparts. I promise that not all of us are as immature in our racial identity development. My sincerest apologies. -Grant
I find racism as distasteful as most... interesting you assume the offenders are "white"...
My assumptions are based off the comments celebrating historical white figures. I appreciate your sentiment, though. I'll have to be more careful in the future.
I Love Black Women
I second that!
Sentiment: Strong Buy
White History Month!!! Where is it?? Why do THEY get their own history month? What about Mexican History Month? Surely Mexican History matters more! The Conquistadors, Hernan Cortez, the fall of the Aztecs, the Alamo! Why can't we have a month dedicated to the likes of Ben Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and Alexander Hamilton? We could call it WHITE HISTORY MONTH! WHY IS THAT RACIST?
our government is still paying for the spanish american war
Mexicans dont deserve it they got our jobs that enough
Relax jerry, it's the shortest month of the year. We get the other 11 to celebrate those that really made a difference.
History months are problematic in themselves. We only acknowledge rich histories and cultural traditions for 1/12 of the year. Everyone's histories and cultures should be appreciated every day.
I sure hope you are reporting them. Maybe the worthless yahoo people will get the message if they get enough complaints.
The world is filled with mean, evil, hateful people. Don't waste your time with them. Get busy living or get busy dying.
Thought I was the only one that quoted Shawshank around here....
I agree, hate and ignorance have never brought anyone up in life. Don't get caught in their web. This really isn't the place for discussions on race relations anyway.
Thankfully 99 percent of the board is not racist but the 1 percent does raise it's ugly head on occasion. Most likely much less than in any population. Sorry to see it too however. When someone makes such a comment it sticks out like a sore thumb. Thankfully such comments are not even close to the norm around here. Thank you for pointing the issue out.
You think "people of color" are on this board, investing in a penny stock? They are smarter than us in this regard. They are selling the MJ on the street! Selling crack right now making huge profits.
Sentiment: Buy
Amen. HATE SUCKS. Those are the words, people. : )
TurdHooker, where the fluke are you? You started this and got me going. Now you're abandoning me to these self hating spineless whites who have given up on their patriotism and national identity?
You're a media trained white automaton. The blacks hate you. THEY HATE YOU and would kill you where you stand, in a second if you walked through Chicago's South side, unarmed, like a fool.


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Friday, January 30, 2015
Super Saver #1 freshman sire of Experimental Handicap horses
Already boasting the best start at stud by any Kentucky Derby (G1) winner since Seattle Slew, Super Saver further bolstered the quality of his first crop by placing four runners on the 2014 Experimental Free Handicap...
[read more]
Four by Congrats are weighted on the Experimental
Champion Sire Congrats remains the standard-bearer among all juvenile sires from the A.P. Indy line, with more runners ranked on the 2014 Experimental Free Handicap than any stallion from his famed sire line...
Address: WinStar Farm, LLC 3001 Pisgah Pike Versailles, KY 40383 Get Directions
E-mail Address: firstname.lastname@example.com
Telephone: 859-873-1717
Farm Tours: 859-297-1328
Fax: 859-873-1612
WinStar Farm, LLC 3001 Pisgah Pike, Versailles, KY 40383 (t) 859-873-1717 (e) firstname.lastname@example.com
(tours) 859-297-1328
For King Henry, it was the sprinter's third straight win, as he dashed home in the five-furlongs contest in 57.44 seconds to prove best by 1 ¾ lengths on the wire. He increased his lifetime bankroll to $209,614, and has now won eight times - and been on the board 11 others - from 29 starts to date.
Owned by Ronald Ulrich and trained by Timothy Kreiser, King Henry was bred in Florida by Derek Thomas Evans and is out of the Woodman mare Wood Witch.
Thursday, January 29, 2015
American Pharoah co-high weight on Experimental Free Handicap
Pioneer of the Nile's American Pharoah, champion 2-year-old male and winner of the Del Mar Futurity (G1) and the FrontRunner S. (G1), shared the high weight of 126 pounds on The Jockey Club's 2014 Experimental Free Handicap...
Saturday, January 24, 2015
Barbados captures second straight stakes in Hutcheson S. (G3)
Barbados became Speightstown's latest graded stakes winner on Saturday with a thrilling half-length victory in the $150,000 Hutcheson S. (G3)...
Grade 3 Sweetest Chant S. goes to More Than Ready filly
Consumer Credit captured her third straight win with an impressive performance in Saturday's Sweetest Chant S. (G3) at Gulfstream Park...
Regally-bred Khozan a Distorted Humor 'Rising Star'
Khozan came home the easiest of winners in his debut Saturday at Gulfstream Park, besting Wisecracker by 3 ¾-lengths to head a Distorted Humor "exacta"...
Tuesday, January 20, 2015
G1-winning millionaire Overanalyze's first foal is a filly
WinStar Farm's Overanalyze, the Grade 1-winning millionaire by Dixie Union, sired his first foal early Sunday, Jan. 18th when a filly was born at Red River Farm in Coushatta, LA...
Saturday, January 17, 2015
Pioneerof the Nile's American Pharoah wins Eclipse Award
Zayat Stables' brilliant 2-year-old colt American Pharoah became Pioneerof the Nile's first Eclipse Award winner when he was named 2014 2-year-old Champion Male at Saturday night's Eclipse Awards...
Pink Poppy blooms in Sunshine Millions Filly and Mare Turf
Tiznow got his first stakes winner of 2015 Saturday at Gulfstream Park when Pink Poppy strode to a 1 ½-length score in the $100,000 Sunshine Millions Filly and Mare Turf S...
Speightstown racks up third stakes winner of the month
Weekend Hideaway surpassed the half-million dollar earnings mark with a four-length victory in Saturday's $100,000 Sunshine Millions Sprint S...


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BloodTrack Courier CourierTransfusion Safety Management System
Description:... the hospital environment, from its receipt of blood products through to the point of issue. The system creates a complete audit of the blood products movements in real time without the need to manually record transactions. In addition, BloodTrack Courier gives a warning if the blood unit has been out of a ...Medstone Pro-2000BT Carbon Fiber C-arm Table
Description:... gastroenterology, cardiovascular, orthopedic, ENT, surgical, and other procedures. The open design allows easy access for all c-arms. Motorized movements include up to 16-inch elevating travel, 16-inch longitudinal travel, 8-inch lateral travel, Trendelenberg tilt and optional lateral tilt. The 2000BT ...Finnpipette Novus -Electronic Multichannel Pipette
Description:... button is ergonomically designed to let your index finger control dispensing with just a soft press of the button. Trigger action reduces the thumb movements significantly and when combined to adjustable finger rest it offers the optimum pipetting. Comfortable to hold The ergonomic Finnpipette Novus ...Optilene Mesh LP - Super-light and thin-walled mesh with full transparency
Description:... all open hernia repair procedures. It perfectly conforms to anatomical structures. Due to its excellent flexibility Optilene Mesh LP adapts to the movements of the patient resulting from body motion. Optilene Mesh LP offers extreme dimensional stability as well as full transparency so that the tissue ...Optilene Mesh Elastic - Eleastic lightweight and large pore mesh
Description:... Optilene Mesh Elastic is a lightweight and large pore polypropylene mesh. Due to the multidirectional elasticity the mesh is able to adapt to all movements taking place in the abdominal wall. The new honeycomb like structure with the large pores enables for idealhealing and formation of an elastic scar. ...Premilene Mesh Self-Forming Plug
Description:... all properties of Premilene Mesh: e. g. Rapid healingand tissue penetration, bicompatibility, elasticity and stability as well as adaptation to the movements of the patient. The package includes the flat Self-Forming Plug and a preshaped onlay. Due to the technique, the use of the plug is simple. The ...Premilene Mesh - Polypropylene mesh for hernia repair
Description:... elastic, durable, large pore mesh. Premilene Mesh is characterized by the extreme dimensional stabilityof its thin mesh wall. It adapts optimally to movements of the patient. The technically advanced mesh structure is retained after cutting and does not fray. Premilene Mesh is highly transparent so ...Dermajuvenate "Quigong Machine
Description:... master Qigong. Fortunately, Spa de Soleil experts have spent years mastering Qigong and modern technology to develop a machine that applies the exact movements to the exact points in the same way a highly skilled practitioner would do. Presenting the Dermajuvenate Machine: Its revolutionary use of a ...The Rousseau Chin-Lift Stabilizer
Description:... during surgery is key to both the flow and outcome of ophthalmic procedures. Not every patient is able to maintain position on their own, and slight movements can compromise the procedure or necessitate discontinuing treatment to reposition the patient. The Rousseau chin-lift stabilizer eliminates the ...Procyon P3000 Binocular Pupillometer
Description:... view, customisable optical target : The optical target can be customised to be anything from a block of text (invaluable for measuring saccadic eye movements as the patient reads), to a favorite picture of your own. Controlled standardised illumination levels : This is one of the original features ...OPMI VISU 160 Surgical Microscope
Features:... Completely automatic activation of the backup halogen lamp means the operation is not interrupted. The speed of the zoom, focus and XY movements can be changed and automatically saved at the push of a button. The position of the OPMI VISU 160 can be easily changed with a turn of the hand. ...Mesh-Wrapped Bioceramic Orbital Implant
Features:... coupled directly to the prosthesis through FCI's unique hydroxyapatite-coated titanium peg and sleeve system. This allows a wide range of prosthetic movements in complete synchrony with the natural eye. Available in 4 sizes from 16-22mm diameters. The Mesh-Wrapped Bioceramic Orbital Implant is lightweight ...Vision Monitor Visual Electrophysiology: MonEl2
Features:... and patterns in motion. Includes near infra red video monitoring of eye fixation and electrodes. The visual tracking program records tracking eye movements while the patient is presented with a pattern in motion. The high input impedance and common mode rejection ratio insure unequalled performances. VEP ...Vision Monitor Visual Electrophysiology: MonEl1
Features:... stimulations. All functions are motorized, allowing entirely automated examination protocols. The visual tracking program records tracking eye movements while the patient is presented with a pattern in motion. The high input impedance and common mode rejection ratio insure unequalled performances. VEP ...Vision Monitor Visual electrophysiology
Features:... and patterns in motion. Includes near infra red video monitoring of eye fixation and electrodes. The visual tracking program records tracking eye movements while the patient is presented with a pattern in motion. The high input impedance and common mode rejection ratio insure unequalled ....


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Fresh from the release of musika, Masaya Matsuura was ready to talk a little bit about his most well-known creation, PaRappa the Rapper, hinting that a downloadable sequel on PSN is something he'd be interested in. And, he told 1UP, Sony has expressed interest too.
Before you have your mom drive you to Orange Beanies and Frog Embroidery 'R' Us, know that there's nothing official at this point, not even the discussions are official, limited as they are to "casual e-mails." But, we imagine that fans of the series know what they "gotta do."


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Reviewed Chocolate Fruit Cake
Nov 26, 2012 in Food Network Community Toolbox on FoodNetwork.com
"Gorgeous cake, I make it year on year and in between. You can alter the fruit and liqueur to taste I.e. apricots for prunes and brandy/Cointreau for Tia Maria. Just making one for my daughter's birthday decorated with chocolate match makers and shavings.


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Celebrity Infinity Cruise Review by brendan78: Coulda Been Better!
Member Rating
Compare Prices on Celebrity Infinity Western Caribbean Cruises
Coulda Been Better!
I'll spare you all the lyrics but the repeated refrain said it all, "We're stuck in Key West and don't know when we'll ever get outta here!" It was the second day of our four night itinerary that included departure from Ft. Lauderdale, a day-stop in Key West, and the next day, arriving in Cozumel. That was the plan, only no one including the captain who with frustration in his voice had to announce "Ladies and Gentlemen my apologies, but we are experiencing problems with our ships computers and will be delaying our departure from Key West." Maybe the worst part of it was having been delayed too long to make it to Cozumel, the Infinity detoured to Nassau, a well-worn stop on the Caribbean circuit and one we would have rather not gotten re-acquainted with for the umpteenth time.
We had heard great things about the Infinity and for the most part, it lived up to its deserved reputation. Good food if delivered way too slow in the Trellis assigned table dinner restaurant. Most More
evenings at the main seating, dinner turned into a standard two hour event. The service as expected, was personable and attentive. The desserts, outstanding. The entrees, not always to our tastes but fellow travelers didn't seem to complain. The Ocean View buffet where we chose to eat breakfast and lunch at times needed a little more variety and as pointed out in other reviews, one might think the guests could be trusted to spoon out their own portions without having to ask a server "Please,could I have a little more?" But enough complaining . . . the Ocean View quickly became our favorite eatery especially the tables in the corners with floor to ceiling glass surrounding you giving the feeling of floating above the Sea while dining with friends. Doesn't get much better than that! the Celebrity experience is overall, top notch.
The Broadway Shows, especially the closing night with its Around the World theme was spectacular though, call me old fashioned, pretty dancing girls are still pretty and the entertainment still great if for the sake of the kids who are watching, I can get by without the standard dental floss on the backside number. Leave that costuming for Carnival.
Our concierge class outside cabin with Verandah was comfortable if starting to look a little dated in bedspreads and colors. I would guess that Infinity is getting close to a full-scale re-tooling of the rooms. The bathrooms is well laid out and we particularly liked the doubled glass shelved toiletry tower attached to the mirror. After bedding down for the night, we discovered that the flattened paper thin standard issue pillows were not at all what we needed for a good nights sleep. Noticing in our concierge guide the offer of different kinds of pillows, we alerted our stateroom attendant who promptly brought some different pillows more to our liking.
As far as the public areas, Infinity is known for its beautiful grand entry with lighted staircase that dressed up for Christmas is truly spectacular. And what other cruise ship can boast that simply riding on the elevators is a fun trip with a view? Infinity can make the boast because of its glass walled design. Overall, a great short trip with Celebrity; but at least this reviewer is left with the question, "Has Celebrity REALLY solved those well-known mechanical problems that has left other cruisers with cancelled trips and hastily re-drawn itineraries?" As our Key West shuttle bus driver remarked after picking us up the second day of our unexpected stay-over in Key West, "Infinity in Key West. Maybe you guys will never leave!" Can't conclude without saying Celebrity did its best to make it up: $250 on board ship credit helped but didn't change my ten year olds mournful song of "Stuck in Key West . . ." Less
Read more Celebrity Infinity cruise reviews >>
Read Cruise Critic's Celebrity Infinity Review >>
Flagship showing a few flaws
Bigger ship with more rooms an...
Not what we expected
Celebrity Infinity Buenos Aire...
Great itinerary, ship secondar...
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Product Releases
Avoid Flying Debris
Fri, 04/16/2010 - 11:44am
Frommelt Safety Products (Milwaukee, WI) has unveiled the new Kwik-Snap interlocking safety curtains, designed to protect industrial and manufacturing employees from weld flash and flying debris. The curtains feature snap fasteners along the sides, and mounting hooks for ease of installation. Standard sizes are 6' x 4' and 6' x 6', which allows users to configure the curtain into many different configurations and sizes. Color options for the interlocking safety curtains include yellow, orange, and bronze.
Visit www.frommeltsafety.com to learn more.Topics


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Postwar American Television
Pilot TV-37(click on picture for high resolution image) (1948 - 3 inch) See this history of Pilot Radio Corp The TV-37 was the first set made to sell for under $100, at a time when larger sets sold for $300 or more. Here are advertisements. This set was donated by Bob Dildine of Obetz, Ohio. |


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US 4835697 A Abstract Apparatus in a microcomputerized postage meter internally generates a finite set of combination of numbers having a specifiable number of digits in each combination. The combinations are used to allow for the addition and removal of postal funds within the meter. The apparatus utilizes a modification of common coding schemes to implement the generation of the combinations. The modification provides for the generation of an intermediate combination of numbers from a seed table located within the postage meter. The modification thereafter provides for the generation of the internally generated combinations from the intermediate combination. Thus, the internally generated combination is generated by using existing code. By use of this modification, less memory capacity is necessary to store combinations than with previous combination generation schemes, thereby allowing for that capacity to be used for other functions within the postage meter.
Claims(7) 1. A postage meter comprising:
means for entering a selected amount of postage into the postage meter in preparation for funding the meter with the postage amount, means for internally generating a set of unique combinations to allow funding the meter, the internally generating means having a table of seed numbers, the internally generating means further comprising: means for producing an intermediate combination from the table of seed numbers, and means for producing the set of unique combinations in response to the intermediate combination producing means, means for entering an externally generated combination into the postage meter, means for comparing a plurality of the unique combinations of the set of internally generated combinations with the externally entered combination, and means for funding the postage meter with the selected postage amount when the comparison indicates the existence of a predetermined relationship between the plurality of the unique combinations of the set of internally generated combinations and the externally generated combination. 2. The postage meter of claim 1 in which the intermediate combination producing means and unique combination producing means each comprises means for encoding a digit into a value and means responsive to the encoding means for combining multiple encoded values into a sequence of a specifiable number of digits.
3. The postage meter of claim 2 wherein the intermediate combination producing means and the unique combination producing means each further comprises:
means for performing a predetermined operation on the values produced by the encoding means, and means for controlling the number of times the performing means is activated, the controlling means activating said performing means said number of times as a function of a sequence number of a table of values and a value specifying the number of digits in the combination. 4. The postage meter of claim 2 in which the encoding means uses a cyclical redundancy code for encoding the digit.
5. The postage meter of claim 1 wherein said means for comparing compares two unique combinations with the externally entered combination, the postage meter including means for replacing an unselected one of the two unique combinations with another unique combination for use in a next comparison when the comparison indicates the presence of the predetermined relationship between a selected one of the two unique combinations and the externally generated combination.
6. A method for funding a postage meter comprising the steps of:
entering a selected amount of postage into the postage meter in preparation for funding the meter with the postage amount; generating within the postage meter an intermediate combination utilizing a table of seed numbers; producing a set of unique postage meter combinations in response to the generation of said intermediate combinations; entering an externally generated combination into the postage meter; comparing the externally generated combination with a plurality of the unique combinations of the set of postage meter combinations, and funding the postage meter with the selected postage amount when the comparison indicates the existence of a predetermined relationship between the externally generated combination and the plurality of unique combinations of the set of postage meter combinations. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein two unique combinations are compared with the externally generated combination, and when the comparison indicates the presence of the predetermined relationship between a selected one of the two unique combinations, the unselected combination of the two unique combinations is replaced with another unique combination for use in a next comparison.
Description This invention relates to security systems and more particularly to the security systems associated with electronic postage meters. It is important in postage meters that the meter be physically secure from intrusion. As is well known, postage meters can be recharged; that is, additional value can be added to them in a variety of ways. For example, the postage meter can be physically taken down to a Post Office where the Post Office personnel will physically add incremental amounts of value to the meter or remove funds from the meter. Often times, the meter will have a external lock of a mechanical variety that is opened by a key. In addition, postage meters of this type have a combination associated therewith to allow for additional funds to be added to the meter. The combination adds additional security to the postage meter and prevents unauthorized personnel gaining access thereto. It is important in this kind of system that the security be enhanced and thereby have a combination associated therewith in which only the authorized user can gain access. There are several existing methods for securing these kinds of meters from unauthorized personnel. These methods are generally effective but it is important to continue to develop new and better ways for securing the meters. Often times, the Post Office will want to have the ability to change the combination generated by a microprocessor or the like to prevent unauthorized access to the postage meter. This capability is important in as much as personnel within the Post Office ma change thereby in certain circumstance, making it desirable to change the new combination necessary to unlock the postage meter. The ability to change the combination is important also because, since as is well known, postage meters are often leased to customers, the customers should not have the ability to open the meter at any time even if they somehow gained access thereto. It is well known that schemes are used in a hotel to periodically change the locks. For example, if a customer uses the key to a hotel room and then inadvertently or purposely takes the key upon checking out of the hotel, there are schemes which will allow the hotel manager to give the next customer a new key thereby changing the lock or combination of the lock and allowing the new owner or the new customer access to the room. At the same time, the old key taken by the previous customer will no longer open the door. As before mentioned, this scheme is used to prevent unauthorized personnel from gaining access thereto. For hotel lock systems, there should be a set of combinations generated for implementation of the above-mentioned scheme. This can be accomplished in a variety of ways. Similarly, in a postage meter, a desirable system should be provided that can perform a function very similar to that performed in the above-mentioned hotel system; that is, providing a set of combinations that will in a sequential manner provide access to the postage meter after using a physical key. Thus, it is important in a manual recharging type postage meter to have means for generating a set of combinations in a simple and efficient manner to allow for enhanced security. At the same time, these combinations should desirably be generated in a random-like fashion so that it will not be easy to recreate the combination and thereby enter the locked postage meter. A postage meter which uses series of combinations to unlock the meter for funding is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,097,923 in the names of Alton B. Eckert, Jr., Howell A. Jones, Jr. and Frank T. Check, Jr., assigned to the assignee of this patent application. In Eckert et al, there is disclosed a remote postage meter charging system using an advanced microcomputerized postage meter. This system is built around a microcomputer set and the meter contains seed numbers for generating postage funding combinations. The remote postage meter charging system has the capability of adding variable amounts of postage into the postage meter. Another type of postage meter that will need a combination of numbers generated for it is a microcomputerized postage meter that does not have remote postage charging; that is, a postage meter that has a microcomputer within it that it also is physically under a mechanical lock and key. In addition to the mechanical lock, a series of numbers must be entered into the postage meter must be entered to open the postage meter to allow funding. This type of postage meter as before mentioned has to either be taken physically down to the Post Office or personnel must visit the customer's premises to allow the additional funding to take place. Thus, it is important that in this kind of meter that an individual who has the key to the mechanical lock also has the combination to add the funding to the meter. In manually recharged kinds of meters that are physically carried to the Post Office or where authorized Post Office personnel comes to customer's business, again a combination is internally generated to unlock the meter. Also, in postage meters of this type, the meter's combination should be secure to prevent unauthorized entry into the postage meter. Heretofore, there have been methods and apparatuses for generating a series of combination of numbers within the postage meter. Prior systems have provided adequate security and have operated satisfactorily. However, often times, the apparatus utilized in postage meters, such as those used in remote recharging postage meters to generate the combinations, are complex and expensive. In addition, these schemes often times require the use of valuable memory space in the postage meter. Thus, what is desired is a way of internally generating series of combinations in a microcomputerized postage meter that will allow for a random or pseudo random pattern and also reduce the amount of valuable memory space used in the microprocessor that heretofore has been necessary. Apparatus provide a series of combinations of numbers for an electronic lock system for an electronic postage meter. These combinations will provide a postage meter with a series of numbers that can be utilized to add or remove postage funds within the meter. More particularly, without the proper combination of numbers, the unauthorized personnel cannot gain access to the postage to add funding thereto. This apparatus is used advantageously in a microprocessor based postage meter. In this system, the postage meter responds to a set of numbers to unlock the device to prevent unauthorized entry to the postage meter. Stored within the postage meter are a seed and a program which produce a finite series of combinations. The number of digits in each combination is specified by a number stored in the meter which may vary from meter to meter. The combinations produced by the postage meter are utilized in such a manner that the meter responds to two combinations, the primary and the secondary combination, until such time that the last combination in the finite series of combinations has become the primary combination and no secondary combination exists. The primary combination may be used as often as desired without causing a change in the primary or secondary combinations. Use of the secondary combination, in addition to allowing access, causes the secondary combination to become the primary combination and causes the next combination in the series, if one exists, to become the secondary combination. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, an apparatus is disclosed that will internally generate a finite number of combinations. This apparatus comprises means for generating a sequence of a specifiable number of digits forming a combination, that combination being dependent upon the combination sequence number, the number of digits specified for the combination and a table of seed numbers in the memory location of the microprocessor. This apparatus includes a routine using the above-mentioned functions to generate an intermediate combination from the seed table which is equal in size to the seed table. Thereafter the same routine is utilized with the intermediate combination instead of the seed table to generate a combination with the specified number of digits that is to be used to unlock the postage meter. In accordance with this embodiment, a routine already existing in the meter which generates a cyclical redundancy code (CRC) is used as part of the routine to generate the combination. The CRC values generated are used by other routines to provide a finite number of combinations. This apparatus saves valuable memory space, in the microprocessor because the tables are generated through calculation rather than being part of the overall memory of the system thereby allowing for memory space to be used for other purposes. These combinations can thereafter be used sequentially to provide the numbers for unlocking microprocessor based electronic postage meters and the like. This apparatus is a simple way to generate a finite number of combinations for a microprocessor based postage meter while using an existing coding scheme. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a microcomputerized postage meter. FIG. 2 shows in block diagram form the interaction of the electronic circuitry within the postage meter. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a general housing arrangement of the meter of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the front panel of the postage meter. FIG. 5 is a generalized flow chart of a routine for generating a series of combinations to be used in conjunction with postage meters similar to that of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a subroutine MANCLK which is associated with the generalized flow chart of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a subroutine MANCMB which is associated with the subroutine generalized flow chart of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a subroutine MANALG which is associated with the subroutine flow chart of FIG. 7. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a microcomputerized postage meter of this invention. As will be described in further detail hereinafter, a postage meter 100 has a keyboard 34 for entering data into and controlling the operation of the meter. Postage is funded into the meter 100 by opening the base of the meter 100 via a key (not shown). The Post Office personnel provides the identifying number of the meter 100 to be funded. The last readings of the ascending and descending registers of the meter 100 and the amount of postage which is desired to be entered into the meter 100 are noted. The Post Office personnel then unlocks the meter 100, keys in the desired postage on the keyboard 34 and enters the combination. The meter 100 contains an apparatus which then generates an internal combination. The meter 100 is recharged with the previously keyed in postage amount if the combination entered is in agreement with the internally generated combination. The apparatus which generates this combination will be described in greater detail hereinafter. Referring to FIG. 2, the general functional arrangement of the microcomputerized postal meter 100 of the present invention is shown. The heart of the system is a central processing unit CPU 201 and it performs two basic functions: performance of calculations based on input data and controlling the flow of data between various memory units. Three basic memory units are employed by CPU 201. The first is the permanent memory (PM) 202 which is a non-alterable memory storing a specific sequence of operations for performing postal data calculations in occurrence with certain predetermined inputs as well as performing other routines for operating the system. A second memory unit is a temporary memory TM 203 which interacts with the CPU 201 for forming a temporary storage holding and forwarding working data in accordance with the calculation being performed by the CPU 201. An additional memory component NVM 204 is also coupled to the CPU 201 and performs a storage function which is very significant in this system's operation of a postal data system. The NVM 204 is a non-volatile memory which acts to store certain critical information employed in the postal system as part of a predetermined routine activated either upon shut-down or start-up. The NVM 204 contains variable data that must be preserved in the event of the loss of electrical power. A routine located in the permanent memory PM 202 is accessed by an appropriate sensing device for sensing either of two steady conditions (shut-down or start-up) for operating the CPU 201 in accordance with that routine. The function of this routine is to take information stored in the temporary memory 203 which represents the result of crucial accounting functions such as descending balances or extending credits and the like and store them in the NVM 204 where they may be held while the machine is de-energized and recalled upon subsequent start-up. In this manner, the computer system may continually act upon the balances in temporary memory without fear of loss of this information upon shut-down. Further, the information may be recalled on reactivation by start-up by retrieving it from the non-volatile memory 204 and feeding it back into the TM 203 via the CPU 201. The non-volatile memory 204 is shown as coupled to CPU 201 and deriving an output therefrom in accordance with the transfer of information from the temporary memory 203 under the control of the permanent memory 202 through the CPU 201 in accordance with the shut-down routine. The NVM 204 is also shown as providing an output line coupled back into the CPU 201 for transferring the data back into and through the CPU 201 and into the temporary memory 203 in accordance with the start-up routine under the control of the permanent memory 202. The system operates in accordance with data applied from an appropriate input means I 205. This data is fed into the CPU 201 under control of the program in the permanent memory. At any time during the operation of the system should the contents of the temporary memory 203 storing the appropriate credit, debit, balances or other accumulations in accordance with the various features of this system be desired to be displayed, appropriate instruction provided by the input means 205 causes the CPU 201 to access the desired location TM 203 storing the information requested. The information is provided through the CPU 201 into the output display O 206. The input 205 and output 206 units may be multiplexed by a multiplex unit MP to and from the CPU 201. Under control of the CPU 201, when appropriate postal data information is provided from the input 205 and all the conditions such as limits and the like which may be preset in accordance with the entered data and storage in the temporary memory 203 are satisfied, a postage setting device SP 207 will respond to an appropriate output signal from the CPU 201 enabling a postal printing unit PP 208. At this point, the system now has accomplished its immediate function of setting the postage printer enabling the printer to print postage. The foregoing functional description of the present meter and its embodiment is described in full detail in U.S. Pat. No. 4,097,923 issued on June 27, 1978 in the names of Alton B. Eckert, Jr., Howell A Jones, Jr. and Frank T. Check, Jr. Referring to FIG. 3, there is shown a general housing arrangement for the microcomputer postage meter. The housing arrangement comprises a housing 100 that contains a module plug-in circuit panels 101 containing circuitry in the CPUs, ROMs and RAMs and shift registers of the meter. The keyboard 34 and display 35 are mounted on the common top panel 102 of the housing 100. The setting and printing mechanism is contained in a forward section generally shown by the arrow 103. An envelope 104 which is to be printed from postage is introduced into the slotted portion 105 of the meter section 103 after the meter is initialized. The amount of postage to be printed is then keyed into the keyboard 34 via pushbuttons 107. The set button 119 is pushed to set the postage into the print drum and the print button 108 is depressed. The print button 108 may be replaced by limit switch or optical sensor located in slot 105 which would automatically provide a print signal when an envelope enters slot 105. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of panel 102 of FIG. 2 which contains the keyboard 34 and display 35 of the postage meter. The keyboard 34 comprises pushbuttons 107 as aforementioned to enter the numerical amount of postage into the system. Pushbuttons 109, 110, 111, 112, 113 and 114 cause the numbers stored the electronic registers for batch count, batch amount, piece count, control sum, ascending register and descending register, respectively to be displayed. When any one of these buttons are depressed, the numerical section 115 of the display, is cleared, the appropriate register is loaded into the the numerical section 115, and the appropriate indicator lamp 131-136 in section 116 of the display is lighted. Lamp 128 is lit to indicate that the postage meter is ready for operation. The keyboard 34 and display of this invention provide two new registers (more can be added without too much difficulty). Batch count and batch amount registers supply a running account of the total number of pieces of mail processed and total postage expended, respectively, during any one run or time period. They can be reset to zero by the user. The control sum register is extremely useful in that it provides a check upon the descending and ascending registers. The control sum register has a running account of the total funds being added into the meter. The control sum register must always correspond with the summed readings of the ascending and descending registers. The control sum register is the total amount of postage ever put into the machine and it is alterable only when adding funds to the meter. Generally, mechanical meters are not resettable by the user but only by postal authority. It is also true for electronic postage meters that often times postal authorities want the meter to be only resettable by that authority. The piece count register differs from the batch count in that it is not resettable by the user and it is used to indicate the total number of postage printings the machine has experienced. This information is useful to ascertain the life of the machine and to gauge when the system may require servicing and maintenance. The ascending and descending registers operate in a normal fashion that might be expected from a standard postage meter. The ascending register giving a running total of the printed postage and the descending register informing the operator of the amount of postage funds still remaining in the postage system. The key pushbutton 117 provides a function of addition for adding in special charges to the postage such as the special delivery, certification, etc. The clear key 118 clears the numeric display 115 and also sets the batch register to zero. If either one is displayed at the time, the clear key is actuated. The set button 119 is depressed after the postage required to mail a letter is keyed in by buttons 107. The set button 119 causes the printing wheels in a printing drum (not shown) of the postage meter 100 to set the desired postage. The dollar unlock lamp 130 warns that postage over $1.00 has been keyed in. The dollar unlock key 120 is a precautionary button which may be depressed by the operator in order to set postage equal to or in excess of a dollar. This extra physical step acts to prevent costly postage printing mistakes. The need to add funds to the meter 100 is signaled by indicator lamp 137. Funds are added to the meter 100 by obtaining a key that can be inserted in the key way of lock switch 121. The switch is now free to be turned to a first position and a indicator light 122 is lit. Light 122 instructs the operator to key in the funding amount into the keyboard 34 via pushbuttons 107. After the funding amount is entered, the switch 121 is turned to a second position. Light 123 instructs the operator to enter a combination. A number sequence comprising an unlocking combination is then entered into the meter using pushbuttons 107. The switch 121 is now turned to a third position. The turning of the switch to this third position will evoke one of the two responses from the system. If the combination is a valid one, then the indicator lamp 124 will light to inform the operator that the entered combination is a correct one. The key should be removed from the lock switch 121. If, on the other hand, however, the entered combination was incorrect, indicator lamp 125 will be lit to inform the operator of this fact and to instruct him to repeat the funding procedure. It is desirable that the internal combination be changeable to further enhance the security of electronic postage meters. Often times, postal employees may leave the employment of the Post Office. Upon that occurrence, it may happen that the key that is used to unlock the key switch on the postage meter will be taken by that personnel. The Post Office will therefore want to change the combination of a postage meter when that employee leaves. Therefore, it is important that there be a series of combinations generated within the postage meter whereby if one combination has been compromised then another combination can be substituted therefor. In fact, in a situation where initially a first combination is utilized, then if for some reason that combination is compromised, the second combination will be utilized and the initial combination will no longer be able to open the postage meter or to add additional funding to the postage meter. Generally, these combinations can be either stored or generated in a variety of ways. Often times, tables of values are located within one of the memory locations (FIG. 2) of the postage meter to provide the proper combination. In this kind of scheme, the CPU 101 would thereupon "look up" the particular value. This type of procedure would require the use of large amounts of memory space to store the series of combinations. Thus, what is done in this invention is to store a small table of seed numbers in the memory location (probably NVM 204) which serves to differentiate one meter from another and to generate the combinations utilizing a subroutine which is the same from meter to meter and resides in the less expensive permanent memory. The operation of multiplication is commonly used in subroutines which produce a series of random digits from a given seed. However, since no code to perform multiplication exists in the meter, a method of random digit generation based on an existing cyclic redundancy code (CRC) generator was created. There are a variety of CRC schemes that can be implemented to provide the numbers. CRC schemes are well known. The enhanced security is provided by the present invention by not utilizing CRC schemes exclusively to generate the combinations. Thus, it is appropriate to utilize an existing CRC generating scheme as a randomizing means in conjunction with additional coding to generate the combination of numbers in such a way that someone familiar with the CRC coding would not readily break it. In this invention, Applicant provides such a coding scheme to enhance the security of the postage meter. This improvement will be described by referring to FIGS. 5 through 8 in association with the following discussion. At the outset it should be noted that although this invention is described in terms of a particular method of CRC generation in conjunction with particular additional code, it is done for illustrative purposes only. Thus, this invention could be utilized with other methods of number generation and similar forms of the additional code and those teachings would still be within the spirit and scope of the invention. In accordance with the embodiment of the invention, the flow chart of FIG. 5 shows in generalized form a routine for manually resetting the postage meter indicated by MAN RESET 94. As shown in the figure, a decision box 95 indicates whether a combination is necessary to open the meter or not. If a combination is not necessary and only a key is required to open the meter for funding then the routine MANNLK 96 (manual no lock) is implemented which will allow a key to open the mechanical lock manually. If the decision box 95 indicates that a combination is necessary to open the meter then the routine MANCLK 97 (manual combination lock) is entered. This routine initiates the scheme of generating the combination. As is seen in the figure, after either the MANCLK 96 or MANNLK 97 is processed without error, then postage funds have been entered into the meter. By way of explanation, certain terms will be defined to add clarity to the foregoing description. A value as described in this application is a binary number containing any number of bits. A digit as described in this application is a 4 bit binary value variously interpreted to include hexadecimal values .0. through F, binary coded decimal (BCD) values .0. through 9, and octal values .0. through 7. A single combination is a group of digits. That group can be of any digit length. A table as will be hereinbelow described is a collection of a certain number of digits in which a single combination can be derived or a plurality of combinations can be derived. The number of digits in a combination can be specified by the non-volatile memory located within the electronic postage meter. FIG. 6 shows the routine MANCLK in more detail. The object of this routine is to generate a finite number of combinations containing a specifiable number of digits. The number of digits is specified by a value located in the non-volatile memory. If the locking device is in a state S where S is the sequence number of the current primary combination greater than zero but less than N, N being the sequence number of the last combination in the finite series of combinations, then the locking device is responsive to the (S)th combination and the (S+1)th combination. If S equals N, then the device is responsive to only the Nth combination. This is one variety of the hotel lock scheme referred to in the figure. MANCMB, box 300, generates the (S)th combination which is outputted to a decision box 301. The decision box determines whether the externally entered combination value block 290, matches the combination that is to be used to enter funds into the meter. If the combinations do match, then program execution follows the true leg down to MANAMT, 302. The externally entered amount from block 280 is then added to the descending register if the amount is within suitable limits and the routine is exited at box 309. If the flag is false from decision box 301, then another decision box 303 is entered. That decision box 303 tests the relationship between S and N to determine whether there is a secondary combination. If S=N, then there is no secondary combination and the routine is exited at box 309. If there is a secondary combination, MANCMB 310 is executed again to calculate (S+1)th combination. This combination is then compared with the externally entered combination at decision box 306. The decision box 306 if false will cause the routine to quit. If the flag is true, however, then MANAMT 307 is entered. If the externally entered amount is within suitable limits, then the money is added to the descending register. The error flag output by MANAMT will be true if the entered amount could not be added to the descending register. The flag is tested in decision box 308. If the amount was successfully added to the descending register then at 311 the (S+1)th combination becomes the (S)th or primary combination. In any event, the routine quits box 309. The above discussion describes how the hotel lock routine is utilized to proceed from one combination to the next in this embodiment. Thus, as can be seen from FIG. 6, there is a possibility that MANCMB will be executed twice to determine whether a combination is the primary combination or the secondary combination. FIG. 7 shows the routine MANCMB in more detail. The object of MANCMB is to generate one of a finite number of different combinations which is a function of the sequence number of the combination, the number of digits in the combination and the seed number table stored in the particular postage meter. Seed numbers are utilized in microcomputerized postage meters and are also utilized in random number generation schemes associated therewith. Typically, each postage meter will have its own set of seed numbers. In this routine as shown in FIG. 7, another routine called MANALG 401 s executed under instruction that the seed numbers are to be used as the generating table to produce an intermediate combination. This combination can be of any digit length and in this case the intermediate combination is the same size as the seed table. Thereafter, MANALG is called again (box 403) under instruction that the intermediate combination is to be used as the generating table to produce a second combination. This is the combination that will open the postage meter. After the second combination is produced, the routine is exited at 405. Referring to FIG. 8, the routine MANALG is shown in more detail. MANALG generates a more or less random sequence of a specifiable number of digits as a function of a sequence number, the specified number of digits and a specifiable table of values. The routine MANALG can be adapted to an existing coding scheme to produce the sequence of digits. In this embodiment, a CRC scheme is used by the routine to produce the random sequence of digits. Those skilled in the art recognize other coding schemes can be utilized and still be within the spirit and scope of the invention. The MANALG routine also insures that the first digit of the random sequence is odd or even as the value of the sequence number of the combination is odd or even. Thus, providing that succeeding combinations are not identical. Once again, however, it is clear that the combinations can be varied in another way such as changing the last digit in variance with sequence number, and still be within the spirit and scope of the invention. Referring again to FIG. 8, Box 500 shows the initializing step for the different functions of the combinations. In this embodiment, the sequence number and the number of digits of the combination are already defined. In an initializing procedure indicated by Box 501 CRCVAL is set to some value. Then the sequence number is accumulated into the CRCVAL by the statement as shown in Box 502. CRCNIB is a function that will take the sequence number and accumulate it in a special way into the value of CRCVAL. CRCNIB contains a well known algorithm which is utilized extensively by those skilled in the art. The statement IN=0, Box 503 indicates the input subscript to indicate which digit of the table is being referenced. For example, in this embodiment, each digit is 4 bits in length. Thus, for each digit, the subscript value of IN would correspond to each set of 4 bits in a sequential manner. Box 504, sets the number of digits that will be produced in the combination. Thus, the digit counter (DGTCTR) can be, for example, between 1 and 16 digits as defined thereby by the constant (DGTCNT) which is established when the meter is manufactured. Finally, OUT=0, Box 505 is another subscript that indicates which digit of the combination is being calculated. The outer loop 520 of the flow chart of FIG. 8 will be repeated for each digit of the combination as will be hereinafter described. The inner loop 521 is repeated a variable number of times dependent upon the value of LOPCTR, a loop counter, whose value depends on intermediate values of the developing CRC. Initially, LOPCTR, 507, is equal to the CRCVAL with an operation performed on the CRCVAL number. For example, the CRCVAL can be "anded" with a hex value to produce a number. This number controls the number of times that box 512 is executed. Box 509 provides for producing an input subscript which is a function of CRCVAL, the previous value of IN and another operation performed on the number. As before mentioned, IN is initially 0 (Box 503). As can be seen, this operation causes IN to be varying in a non-sequential manner as a function of other varying values (CRCVAL and the operations). Thereafter, in Box 510, a new CRCVAL is produced by use of the CRCNIB routine in conjunction with a digit from whatever table is specified. The table can be of 64 bits or some other finite number. Then, the loop counter is decremented as indicated by Box 511. For each digit, loop 521 will be repeated some variable number of times until the value of loop counter is less than zero. As shown by decision Box 513, if the loop counter, LOPCTR, is greater than or equal to zero then, the above-mentioned operations are repeated. If however the loop counter, Box 511, is less than zero, then the digit of the combination is calculated by Box 514. Box 515 indicates the incrementing of the output subscript. If there are more digits to be calculated; that is, if DGTCTR is greater or equal to 1 then looping back to 506 via 520 continues with the production of the next digit. If the combination has the requisite number of digits represented by DGTCTR less than 1 then, in box 519, the first digit of the combination is made odd or even as the sequence number of the combination is odd or even, and a combination has been generated to allow funding to the postage meter. Thus, as can be seen from this arrangement, the combination can be of any length dependent upon the value initially within DGTCNT. Thus, by calling the MANALG routine of FIG. 7 twice by the use of the MANCOMB routine of FIG. 6, a random sequence of numbers are generated to produce a set of combinations. The combinations are generated utilizing a seed table stored in the meter and generating those combinations from the table. Thus, the combinations are not actually stored in the meter but are generated on a "as needed" basis. This allows for a savings in memory capacity thereby allowing for that unused memory space to be utilized more efficiently in storing other critical information. Thus, by the use of the two routines, MANCMB and MANALG, a combination is produced from a table of seed numbers. The routines therefore provide a means of generating a combination from a finite set of numbers rather than storing a table of combinations within the memory locations of the postage meter. Also, the use of the routines allow for combinations of numbers to be of varying lengths to be generated from these tables. This is important because memory space, especially the non-volatile memory of the postage meter, is very valuable because of limited memory space for particular priced memories suitable for use in mass produced postage meters. Thus, when it is possible to utilize less of the space, as is the case here, there is room to add other critical information to the NVM and therefor more efficiently use the memory capacity. The above-described embodiments can be modified in a variety of ways and those modifications would still be within the spirit and scope of Applicant's invention. Thus, while this invention has been disclosed by means of specific illustrative embodiments, the principles thereof are capable of a wide range of modification by those skilled in the art within the scope of the following claims. Patent Citations
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Hey guys, I'm a fairly new shoutcaster and am looking for events to cast for you. I'll do any and all events I can. I am just mainly looking to get my name out there and expect no forms of payment. If you have any questions feel free to message me in-game, IGN: Pureedemise, email me at email@example.com, or reply to this thread! Thanks to all who respond, Pureedemise
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Hey Puree, if you would like to, Tower Dive TV has an open place for 1 PBP and 2 Color Casters, send us an e-mail, firstname.lastname@example.com, with details for: - Your Experience/Recorded Experience. - Times you are available. - Skype + Summoner Name - Casting Preferences (Color/PBP/Either) - Time/Day you would be available for an interview. Thank you and we look forward to a reply. -TDTV Head Admin