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Hosting Controller 6.1
Hosting Controller is a complete hosting automation tool for Windows NT/2000/2003 servers. It is all you need to put your hosting business on auto pilot. Hosting Controller gets the list of users from the operating system. In addition to this HC does complete invoicing/billing for all its resellers and Hosting Administrators. With its support for seven Email servers, four DNS servers, two FTP servers, Four Statistics servers, two db servers.
See also: remote access, windows automation, automate hosting, windows hosting, windows hosting control panel, windows control panel, automation, hosting automation, hosting control panel, control panel, remote hosting, hosting solution, host panel, windows panel
AtomicLog 2.3
AtomicLog makes it easy to monitor and control your Internet activity. The program's easy-to-use graphical interface lets you merge historical and real-time usage to easily view how your computer is being used online. Monitors all of your web site visits, e-mail sent and received, file transfers, chatroom sessions, videoconferencing, and all web activity. And it stops spyware, filters out unacceptable web sites, and blocks annoying ads.
See also: Internet, monitor, filter, adwasher, block, DNS, http, real-time, web, page, site, traffic, analyzer, access, log, hosting, free, domain, ftp, bandwidth, referrer, firewall, whois, dns, address, winsock, advertising, referrer, visitor, kbytes, frames, explorer, host
Check If URLs Exist (Is Valid) Software 7.0
Verify links (URLs) to see if web sites are still active. This program can extract the links inside a web page and check if those links exist as well. You have the option to save the valid or invalid links to file.
See also: links, checking, script, working, host, reachable, exist, accessed, access, web, page, detecting, detect, server, online, website, determine, string, monitor, validate, still, or not, verify, verifying, existance, existence, links, site, website, syntax, php, perl, java, sitemap, extract, sublinks, loaded, load, open, refresh, address, addresses, read, readline, line, referring, cannot, can not, input
Network USB Port Disabler Tool 18.104.22.168
USB drive access monitoring software continuously tracks every USB activity and immediately inform to administrator (server) by beep a sound when any USB device is plug in plug out on LAN. Program provides option to restrict any USB port accessing device at any moment by blocking access permission of Read, Write or both on using Client PC USB port. USB port blocker shows Client PC IP address, manufacturer or storage capacity of used USB device.
See also: Network, USB, port, disabler, prevent, unauthorized, access, plug in, plug out, client, computer, drive, real time, offline, surveillance, activity, LAN, network, administrative, control, permission, server, IP address, host, flash, media
PakMed PakNutri 12 1.0.0
PakMed PakNutri 12 is a compact searchable nutritional database application from PakMed developed in/for Microsoft Office Access 2000 or later version. It caters information on nutritional composition of 6839 food items included in USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, (SR17) covering 44 food components or nutrients.
See also: food, composition, usda, database, microsoft, office, access, pakmed, dietetics, health, education, murad, medical, biology, government, application, biostatistics, nutrition
VeriFinger Linux SDK 4.2
VeriFinger Linux SDK is intended for most biometric system developers. This SDK contains interfaces for some of the major fingerprint scanners, which allow the developer to obtain data from the scanners without any additional software. Supports BiometriKa FX 2000 scanner, AuthenTec AES4000 EntrePad and AF-S2 FingerLoc sensors.
See also: pattern recognition, access control, recognition, authentication, SDK, ridge, crime, scan, security, biometric, verification, matching, identification, recognition, fingerprint, criminalistics
Security Administrator 10.51
Stop others from tampering with your PC. Deny access to Control Panel applets, disable boot keys, context menus, DOS windows, Registry editing, network access, hide desktop icons, local, network and USB drives, Start menu items, taskbar. Apply password protection to Windows, restrict users to running specific applications only, control Internet usage, view statistics of working of your kids or employees.
See also: free, screen, lock, restrict, privacy, protect, control, access, administrator, security, password, download
Advanced Security Level 6.1
Secure your PC and restrict access to it with Advanced Security Level. It gives you an excellent administrative support to control the users access rights for your computer by setting up the desired access control level for each user. You can restrict access to Control Panel applets and to running specific applications; hide desktop icons, local and network drives; disable Start Menu items, DOS, boot keys, Registry editing, taskbar and much more.
See also: computer security, secure Internet, access control, password protection, privacy, restrict access, downloads, advanced security level
VIMail 1.0
Serial E-Mails with support of MS Access database and txt template files - addresses are stored in a true database, no limits for a number of addresses; - letter templates in a simple text files; - address record: EMail, Prefix, Name, Template, 5 free Memo-fields for you needs; - possibility to change a letter-template for every address; - one-touch-sending mails to all selected addresses with an appropriate template for every address;
See also: serial letter, E-Mail, email, access, database, template
Full Convert Enterprise 2.10
Full Convert provides powerful and comfortable way to convert data of many databases. Databases supported: Microsoft Access, dBase, FoxPro, Microsoft Excel, Interbase/Firebird, Lotus 1-2-3, MySQL, Oracle, Paradox, SQL Server, Text files, ODBC, XML. All editions feature target database tree-like browser with multiselect which greatly simplifies certain actions, as well as powerful actions recording/replay and parameters handling.
See also: database, conversion, convert, migration, migrate, data, databases, Access, dBase, FoxPro, Excel
Access2PostgreSQL PRO 1.1
Access2PostgreSQL Pro is an effective converter between MS Access (mdb) and PostgreSQL. Features: Unicode Support, Primary keys and Indexes conversion, Interactive (GUI) mode / command line mode, Built-in scheduler, Renaming of tables, fields, indexes before conversion. There is an ability to save data to PHP script or to a dump file that allows you to get over the restrictions on access to PostgreSQL database if any.
See also: data conversion, data convertibility, programmers, database, command line mode, Access to PostgreSQL, Conversion, Access2 PostgreSQL PRO, database converter, PostgreSQL 2Access, PostgreSQL to Access, database, PostgreSQL, convert, MS Access, Converter, data converter, data alteration, data restructuring, application software, PHP script, Text file, dump file, dump
statlook 2.0
Statlook enables IT managers to track almost all users' activities, including: logging, work time and break duration, detailed statistics of application usage and visited web site history. Statlook is a comprehensive system for IT asset management, covering all major IT resources, such as: user activity, license compliance, software/hardware inventory. Thanks to Statlook it is possible to get a full access to users' hard disks and view the screen
See also: visited web site history, application software usage, break duration, user activity tracking work time, software hardware inventory, license compliance, user activity, asset management, user hard disks computer access control, screen capture grabbing
dbQwikReport Pro 1.1
Simple web reports, simply. With dbQwikReport you can easily design reports that run on your web site. The easy to use wizard will have you making reports in seconds complete with grouping and totals. It generates all your code for you in ASP or PHP for both windows and Unix/Linux. Works with all databases including: MS Access, mySQL, MS SQL server, Oracle. Exports reports to PC: MS Word and Excel. You can secure your reports.
See also: MS Access, code generator, Database, SQL, PHP, ASP, web report, reporting, report, mySQL
DBPix 184.108.40.206
Add Images to Access Easily and Efficiently with DBPix: the Access Image Control. Avoid ALL the Access Imaging Gotchas! * Fast easy development * No OLE bloat * Responsive forms and fast record scrolling * Optimize storage, performance and display quality * Rotate portrait images without quality loss * View EXIF camera info * TWAIN scanner and camera control * Intuitive user-interface * Drag and drop * Try DBPix Now!
See also: dbpix, image, control, database, access, jpeg, EXIF, image control, form, report, data, scan, twain, ole, activex, thumbnail, upload, picture, component, jpg, content, bitmap, document, photo, graphic, msaccess, ms access, photograph, camera, scanner, OLE Object, table
VISOCO dbExpress driver for Sybase ASE (Win32 version) 2.2
VISOCO dbExpress driver for Sybase ASE provides direct access to Sybase ASE and allows you to avoid Borland Database Engine (BDE), ODBC, ADO. Key features: High-performance; Native access; Easy installation and distribution; Minimized driver size and use of system resources; Cross-platform support; Free support for registered users; "Per developer" license without royalty fee.
See also: database-independent, cross-platform, News, Delphi, sybase ase, Sybase, SQLMetadata, Database, datasets, unidirectional, Borland, driver for Sybase, dbExpress, visoko, VISOCO, data-access layer, Adaptive Server Enterprise, ASE
Image Server SDK 4.1.8
Image Server SDK allows to customize and use in your Web-based server applications the functionality of our product Web Image Guru. You can easily process images directly within your ASP, ColdFusion or other server applications. Image Server SDK new features are: * New more powerful JPEG compression engine. * Significantly enhanced color reduction algorithms. * Lossy GIF color reduction. * Wireless bitmaps (WBMP) supported.
See also: WBMP, PNG, GIF, JPEG, MS Access, JScript, VBScript, Delphi, VisualBasic, Development, Server, ColdFusion, ASP, COM, ActiveX, SDK, Processing, Optimization, Image, TIFF
VShell Server for Windows 2.3.6
VShell Secure Shell server is a secure alternative to Telnet and FTP on Windows and UNIX platforms. Provide the strong encryption, robust authentication, and data integrity of SSH2 throughout your organization. Precision control over privileges, the ability to fine-tune your Secure Shell environment, and a wide selection of strong authentication methods give you a flexible solution that grows with your evolving security policies.
See also: port forward, tunnel, file transfer, remote access, UNIX, Windows 2000, server, security, Secure Shell, ssh2, ACL, users, groups
SupportWindow Console 1.0
SupportWindow Console accepts incoming connections from SupportWindow Hosts and SupportWindow Services to allow complete remote desktop control,file sharing and Chat. Optional registration of Presentation Mode allows console operator to do desktop presentation which multiple connected Support Hosts may view. Perfect for explaining software functions to remote users. The Support Host is free.
See also: remote access, help desk, support, desktop, remote, remote desktop, remote support, chat
MultiNetwork Manager Std 8
Connect anywhere fixed or wireless, quickly and securely, using powerful multi-profiling UI and wizards. The need to connect your computer to different networks is growing as we enjoy the new possibilities of mobile working. Wireless networking is changing the way we work and live our lives. We expect to be able to connect and work from wherever we are. The benefits are obvious, but the technical complexity for the user is increasing.
See also: configuration, connect, multinetwork, access, Wlan, laptop, TCp/IP, emobility, switching, domain, connectivity, netswitcher, network, client
PC Control 1.3.0
PC Control allows the system administrator to establish access controls for each username. For each day of the week, the administrator sets access times, as well as the total length of time available for use. The program is based upon a "set and forget" philosophy. Setting controls requires [1 min per user. Once set, the administrator can forget. The program requires no ongoing actions to operate. There are no daily authorizations, tokens.
See also: Parental Control, Access Control


text:
Product Information
New Garnier PureActive Exfo-Brusher Wash revolutionises your daily cleansing routine
- Intensive deep cleansing helps remove dead skin cells and fade marks.
- Works to unclog impurities from pores and visibly reduces surface sebum levels.
It's secret? A professionally-inspired application is combined with a formula enriched with naturally derived ingredients. - 2% purifying salicylic acid, a maximum concentration of an extremely effective anti-bacterial ingredient**, selected to help clear pores and protect against spots even before they appear. - HerbaSoothe is a natural active derived from Blueberry, selected for its caring and soothing properties.
Our Garnier Skin Naturals philosophy: - We use, whenever possible, naturally derived active ingredients, which have been carefully extracted to preserve their quality and purity. - Formulated and dermatologically tested to ensure effectiveness and respect for your skin.
What makes it different? The flexible micro-bristles deliver intensive cleansing with an ultra-soft touch for optimised effectiveness in removing impurities and dead skin cells from your skin's surface:
Innovation. 180 Ultra-Soft Flexi-bristles. Fights Spots, Fades Marks.Boosted Effectiveness.
Product Specification
Size (150) Unit (ML) Height (17.5) Width (6.2) Depth (4.1)
I can't say it banishes all blemishes and spots but it's great for keeping them under control! I've noticed that my skin has become clearer, and more manageable. It has a nice cooling fresh feeling when applied and when washed off, lovely and useful product!
Would you recommend this product: Yes
Flag this reviewOnly just bought this product today after hearing good results from friends, first time I've used it and immediately can see a huge difference. I have always suffered with spots and have tried endless amounts of products spending tons of money, most spot specialist products dry out your skin and claim to remove redness, this product does everything I wanted; cleanses and moisturises skin, unclogs pores and decreases redness all over my face. It is a little more expensive than some of the other spot products but definitely worth the extra couple of pounds. HIGHLY RECCOMMENDED
Would you recommend this product: Yes
Flag this reviewIt's a great skin care product that gets rid of dirt and smooths your face.
Would you recommend this product: No
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Updated 01/26/2015 Click on title or cover image below to search the catalog (opens in a new tab or window).
Hawkins, Paula, author.
The Escape.
Baldacci, David.
All the light we cannot see : a novel.
Doerr, Anthony, 1973-
Saint Odd : an Odd Thomas novel.
Koontz, Dean R. (Dean Ray), 1945-
Gray Mountain.
Grisham, John, author.
Robards, Karen.
The Lost Island : a Gideon Crew novel.
Preston, Douglas J.
The Boston girl : a novel.
Diamant, Anita.
Betrayed : a Rosato & Associates novel.
Scottoline, Lisa.
See how small : a novel.
Blackwood, Scott.
A pleasure and a calling : a novel.
Hogan, Phil, 1955- author.
First frost.
Allen, Sarah Addison.
The paying guests.
Waters, Sarah, 1966-
Big little lies.
Moriarty, Liane, author.
Shopaholic to the stars : a novel.
Kinsella, Sophie.
We are not ourselves.
Thomas, Matthew, 1975-
Some luck : the last hundred years trilogy, a novel.
Smiley, Jane.
Dark places.
Flynn, Gillian, 1971-
Her : a novel.
Lane, Harriet, 1969-
Trust no one.
Krentz, Jayne Ann.
Decent : a novel.
Johnston, Tim, 1962-
The great Gatsby.
Fitzgerald, F. Scott (Francis Scott), 1896-1940.
The children act : a novel.
McEwan, Ian, author.
The Rosie effect : a novel.
Simsion, Graeme C.
Saving Grace.
Green, Jane, 1968-
The vacationers.
Straub, Emma.
The last American vampire.
Grahame-Smith, Seth.
The King's curse.
Gregory, Philippa.
Us : a novel.
Nicholls, David, 1966-
The city : a novel.
Gabaldon, Diana.
The husband's secret.
Moriarty, Liane.
The dress shop of dreams : a novel.
Praag, Menna van.
Wicked ways.
Jackson, Lisa.
The storied life of A. J. Fikry : a novel.
Zevin, Gabrielle.
The empty throne : a novel.
Cornwell, Bernard, author.
The death cure.
Dashner, James, 1972-
One Plus One : a novel.
Moyes, Jojo, 1969-
The light between oceans : a novel.
Stedman, M. L.
Eden in winter.
Patterson, Richard North, author.
Orphan train : a novel.
Kline, Christina Baker, 1964-
The longest ride.
Sparks, Nicholas.
Euphoria : a novel.
King, Lily.
Sweetland : a novel.
Crummey, Michael, 1965-
Fifty shades of grey.
James, E. L.
The goldfinch.
Tartt, Donna.
Captivated by you.
Day, Sylvia.
Prince Lestat.
Rice, Anne, 1941-
Run : a novel.
Grant, Andrew, 1968-


text:
I spent a night at this hotel with my family. Check inn / out was fast and accurate. Room was clean and very simple. Empty brown colored walls were a little bit strange. But, if you need to spent a night waiting for your flight - it is good 'airport' hotel.
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Expedia, Booking.com, Priceline, Cheap Tickets, Despegar.com, Hotels.com, Hilton Hotels, Agoda, TripOnline SA, Odigeo and Tingo so you can book your Hilton Garden Inn Tucson Airport reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Hilton Garden Inn Tucson Airport Hotel Tucson
- Hilton Tucson
- Tucson Hilton


text:
Hi guys Iv jus upgraded my mk2.5 bumpers with the st ones and I have my old bumpers for sale I'm in the Essex area
No damage on them at all
Email me if ur interested
Focus Mk2.5 (Facelift) Bumpers
Started by Julz, Jun 14 2012 06:11 PM
Focus bumpers Mk2.5 bumpers Focus Bumpers
2 replies to this topic
Posted 14 June 2012 - 06:11 PM
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Posted 16 June 2012 - 01:58 AM
Hi guys Iv jus upgraded my mk2.5 bumpers with the st ones and I have my old bumpers for sale I'm in the Essex area
No damage on them at all
Email me if ur interested
colour mate?
Posted 16 June 2012 - 11:29 AM
colour mate?
It's in the new think Avalon blue or something
Not what you're looking for?
Register now, we have a huge community of enthusiasts to answer any questions you might have
Also tagged with one or more of these keywords: Focus bumpers, Mk2.5 bumpers, Focus, Bumpers
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text:
After some research, got a good price for our overnight at this hotel as prices seemed to vary wildly.
Easy to ring the hotel from the airport courtesy phone after collecting luggage and then the shuttle appeared about 10 mins later. 10 mins after that we were in our room.
Good sized room with two king beds, although it did face the direction of the aircraft taking off which we did notice for the first couple of hours till the flights reduced overnight. Good beds clean and comfortable with the bonus of a coffee tray. However, if you want tea you have to get it from the lobby with the risk of the hot water being only just warm if it's been in the jug a while.
A couple of restaurants nearby ( tho you could eat at the food court in the Airport before collecting collecting luggage and heading to the hotel which worked well for us.) The included breakfast is good with all the normal choices, tho they ran out of tea bags while we were there ( did we have that many cups?)
Having used this hotel before we already knew that it was a good hotel for an overnight on landing at MCO and it didn't disappoint this time.
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Travelocity, Expedia, Hotels.com, Despegar.com, Agoda, TripOnline SA, Odigeo and Tingo so you can book your Country Inn & Suites Orlando Airport reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Country Inn & Suites Orlando Airport Hotel Orlando
- Country Inn And Suites Orlando Airport
- Country Inn Orlando
- Orlando Country Inn


text:
Stores »
These rompers are great for cold winters, keeping the baby cuddly and warm. The bear and reindeer themes make them perfect for the holidays. A great gift for anybody with a new baby.
Poor babies. New mommies and daddies love to dress their little ones in all types of costumes, me included. I can't wait to dress my baby in his santa oufit and giving the grandparents a thrill.


text:
Current address: Yamanouchi Europe BV, Biological R&D, P.O. Box 108, 2350 AC, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
Pharmacological characterization of 5-HT4 receptors mediating relaxation of canine isolated rectum circular smooth muscle
Article first published online: 29 JAN 2009
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702665
1999 Nature Publishing Group
Additional Information
How to Cite
Prins, N. H., Van Haselen, J. F. W. R., Lefebvre, R. A., Briejer, M. R., Akkermans, L. M. A. and Schuurkes, J. A. J. (1999), Pharmacological characterization of 5-HT4 receptors mediating relaxation of canine isolated rectum circular smooth muscle. British Journal of Pharmacology, 127: 1431–1437. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702665
Publication History
- Issue published online: 29 JAN 2009
- Article first published online: 29 JAN 2009
- (Received January 25, 1999, Revised March 24, 1999, Accepted April 20, 1999)
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
- 5-HT4 receptors;
- relaxation;
- 5-hydroxytryptamine;
- canine;
- rectum;
- colon;
- large intestine
This study aimed to characterize for the first time in vitro 5-HT4 receptors in the canine gastrointestinal tract. For this purpose, we used circular muscle strips of the canine isolated rectum.
In the presence of methysergide (60 μM), 5-HT induced relaxation of methacholine (1 μM)-precontracted muscle strips, yielding a monophasic sigmoidal concentration-relaxation curve (pEC50 7.2±0.07).
Tetrodotoxin (0.3 μM) did not affect the curve to 5-HT, suggesting the inhibitory 5-HT receptor is located on the smooth muscle. Granisetron (0.3 μM) did also not affect the curve to 5-HT, which excludes the 5-HT3 receptor mediating the relaxation to 5-HT. The presence of methysergide rules out the involvement of 5-HT1, 5-HT2 or 5-HT7 receptors.
5-HT, the selective 5-HT4 receptor agonists R076186, prucalopride (R093877) and SDZ HTF-919 and the 5-HT4 receptor agonists cisapride and 5-MeOT relaxed the muscle strips with a rank order of potency R076186=5-HT>cisapride>prucaloprideSDZ HTF-919>5-MeOT.
The selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonists GR 125487, RS 39604 and GR 113808 competitively antagonized the relaxations to 5-HT, yielding pKB estimates of 9.7, 7.9 and 9.1, respectively. The selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist SB 204070 shifted the curve to 5-HT rightward and depressed the maximal response (apparent pA2 10.6). GR 113808 (10 nM) produced a parallel rightward shift of the curve to the selective 5-HT4 receptor agonists R076186 (pA2 8.8).
It is concluded that 5-HT induces relaxation of the canine rectum circular muscle through stimulation of a single population of smooth muscle 5-HT4 receptors. For the first time, a non-human species was shown to exhibit relaxant 5-HT4 receptors in the large intestine.
British Journal of Pharmacology (1999) 127, 1431–1437; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0702665
- 5-MeOT
- MCh
5-HT4 receptors are abundantly distributed along the gastrointestinal tract, where they may play a role in modulating smooth muscle tone, peristaltic reflex and mucosal secretion (see Hegde & Eglen, 1996; Grider et al., 1998). In the clinic, 5-HT4 receptor agonists (for example cisapride) are used to relieve patients suffering from gastro-oesophageal reflux diseases, dyspepsia or gastroparesis (see Briejer et al., 1995) and putatively, they could be indicated for constipation (for example prucalopride; R093877; Briejer et al., 1998b). 5-HT4 receptor antagonists might be useful in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (Sanger, 1996).
In studies measuring motility in the dog in vivo, colonic (Nagakura et al., 1996; Briejer et al., 1998a) and gastric (Bingham et al., 1995) 5-HT4 receptor-mediated effects have been identified. However, using in vitro methods, canine 5-HT4 receptors have not been characterized yet.
In our previous attempts to characterize the effects of 5-HT in the canine large intestine, we found contractile 5-HT2A receptors on colonic longitudinal muscle (Prins et al., 1997). Furthermore, in colonic circular muscle we identified 5-HT2-like receptors involved in the amplification of carbachol-induced contractions (Prins et al., 1998a). The latter phenomenon was blocked by methysergide (60 μM), revealing a 5-HT-induced relaxation. This 5-HT-induced relaxation of the circular muscle along the large intestine was most pronounced in the distal part, the rectum. This study aims to characterize pharmacologically the 5-HT receptor mediating the relaxation to 5-HT in the canine rectum.
Beagle dogs of both sexes, weighing 7–14 kg, were used. They were previously used in studies to assess the cardiovascular effects of compounds in vivo. They were anaesthetized with pentobarbital (30 mg kg−1 i.v.), and, subsequently, sacrificed with KCl (150 mg kg−1 i.v.). The abdomen was incised and a segment of rectum of approximately 4 cm, at the point where the rectum is bound to the urethra (male) and the vagina (female) was dissected. For one set of experiments, to compare regional differences in response to 5-HT, ascending colon and descending colon and rectum were used. The segment was cut open longitudinally, luminal contents were rinsed out with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution containing (mM): glucose 5.55, CaCl2 2.51, NaHCO3 25, MgSO4 1.18, KH2PO4 1.18, KCl 4.69 and NaCl 118, and the mucosa and mesentery were removed. The longitudinal muscle layer was carefully dissected and four strips of circular muscle were cut, each with a length of half the circumference (approx. 2–3 cm). The strips were anchored to organ bath hooks and mounted in a classical organ bath set-up for isotonic measurement (2 g load), filled with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution of 37°C and gassed with carbogen (95% O2, and 5% CO2).
Experimental protocol
After two washouts and 15 min of stabilization time, the strips were contracted four times with methacholine (MCh 1 μM, approximately EC50). Each dose of MCh (1 μM) was left in the organ bath for 15 min, followed by three wash-outs, of which two were applied immediately. The third was applied 10 min later and was followed by a 5 min period of stabilization, before the next dose of MCh (1 μM) was given.
To block 5-HT-induced contractions, methysergide (60 μM) was routinely added. Antagonist or solvent were administered hereafter and left to equilibrate for 30 min. Then, the strips were contracted with MCh (1 μM; taken as 100%) and, after a stable contraction had been established (after approximately 25 min), 5-HT or 5-HT4 receptor agonists were added to the organ bath solution in a log unit incrementing cumulative interval. One curve was made per strip and only one control (=solvent) curve to 5-HT was established per dog.
Preliminary experiments revealed that methysergide (60 μM) induced an inhibition of spontaneous contractility, allowing the assessment of full range concentration-response curves. Furthermore, it was found that methysergide did not significantly affect the concentration-relaxation curve to the selective 5-HT4 receptor agonist R076186 (n=4; results not shown). Methysergide, therefore, was considered a useful tool to isolate and investigate 5-HT4 receptor-mediated responses. Under the applied conditions, 5-HT (10 μM) induced relaxations of ascending colon (6±2%), descending colon (45±2%) or rectum (59±5%). These 5-HT-induced relaxations were antagonized by the selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist GR 113808 (30 nM), resulting in a blockade of the relaxation in the ascending colon, and an inhibition of the relaxation in the descending colon and the rectum (n=2–6).
Data analysis
For analysis and graphical presentation, the MCh (1 μM)-induced contraction, which was established prior to the dosing cycle of agonist, was taken as 100% contraction, and relaxations to agonists were expressed as percentage of that contraction ± standard error of the mean (s.e.mean.). The data points were iteratively fitted to the Hill equation, obtaining estimates for the mid-point location (pEC50), the Hill slope (nH) and the maximum effect for that specific agonist (α). The intrinsic activity of agonists was estimated by relating the maximum response to the agonist under study to the maximum response to 5-HT, which in this bioassay proved to be the agonist producing relatively the greatest relaxation.
Antagonist affinities were estimated by fitting the pEC50 estimates simultaneously to the Schild equation (according to the method of Black et al., 1985), obtaining the estimate for pKB. If the criteria for competitive antagonism were not met (i.e. antagonist-induced change in nH or α), the apparent antagonist affinity was estimated using the Schild equation for the lowest concentration of antagonist that significantly shifted the curve to the agonist rightward, providing the apparent pA2. If only one concentration of antagonist was tested, which produced a parallel, dextral rightward shift of the curve to 5-HT, the Schild equation was used to estimate a pA2 (Arunlakshana & Schild, 1959).
Statistical analysis
To test the criteria for Schild-analysis, ANOVA was performed, followed by a post-hoc Bonferroni's test for multiple comparisons. For single comparisons, a Student's t-test was performed, as appropriate. A level of P<0.05 was considered to indicate statistically significant difference. The number of dogs used for each experiment is denoted by n.
The following compounds were used (with their abbreviations, if any, in italics, and respective suppliers between parentheses): 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MeOT), (1-butyl-4-piperidinyl)-methyl - 8 - amino - 7 - chloro - 1,4 - benzodioxane-5-carboxylate HCl (SB 204070), 1-[2-[(methylsulphonyl)amino] ethyl]-4-piperidinyl-methyl 5-fluoro-2-methoxy-1H-indole-3-carboxylate (GR 125487), [1-[2-[(methylsulphonyl)amino]ethyl]-4- piperidinyl]methyl 1-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylate (GR 113808), granisetron HCl, cisapride monohydrate, 5-methoxy-indole-3-carboxaldehyde amino(pentylamino) methylene hydrazone hydrogenmaleate (SDZ HTF-919), 4-amino-5-chloro - 2,3 - dihydro-N-(1-[3-methoxypropyl]-4-piperidinyl)-7-benzofurancarboxamide HCl (prucalopride; R093877), cis-4-amino - 5 - chloro -N-[1-[4-[4-(dimethylamino)-1-piperidinyl]-4-oxo - butyl] - 3- methoxy - 4 - piperidinyl]- 2-methoxybenzamide (R076186; Janssen Research Foundation, Belgium), tetrodotoxin, 5-HT creatinine sulphate, (Serva, Germany), methysergide maleate (Sandoz, Switzerland), pargyline HCl (Abbott, U.S.A.), methacholine HCl (MCh), cocaine HCl (Merck, Germany), reboxetine methanesulphonate (Farmitalia Carlo Erba, Italy), 1-(4-amino-5-chloro-2-(3,5-dimethoxy)benzyloxyphenyl)-3-[1-((2-methylsulphonylamino)ethyl)piperidin-4 -yl]-1-propanone (RS 39604; Merck Belgolabo, Belgium), pentobarbital (Nembutal® 60 mg ml−1, Sanofi, Belgium).
All compounds were dissolved in 0.9% NaCl solution, except for cisapride, GR 113808, R076186 and reboxetine, which were dissolved in 0.9% NaCl acidified with tartaric acid in the stock solution, pargyline, that was dissolved in distilled water with 10% cyclodextrine in the stock solution and SDZ HTF-919, that was dissolved in distilled water with 10% cyclodextrine acidified with tartaric acid in the stock solution. The solvents had no effect on the muscle strips per se. All stock solutions were prepared freshly on the day of the experiment and dilutions were prepared using 0.9% NaCl solution.
Initially, the strips displayed spontaneous contractility. MCh (1 μM; EC50) induced a contraction that stabilized after approximately 25 min. The spontaneous contractility (10–20% of the MCh (1 μM)-induced contraction) progressively reduced after four consecutive administrations of MCh (1 μM). The consecutive contractions to MCh (1 μM) were stable. 5-HT concentration-dependently induced relaxations of the rectal muscle strips yielding a monophasic sigmoidal concentration-relaxation curve (pEC50 7.2±0.08, n=9; Figure 1). The Na+ channel blocker tetrodotoxin (0.3 μM; n=6; results not shown) did not affect the concentration-relaxation curve to 5-HT, suggesting the receptor is located on smooth muscle cells. Inhibition of re-uptake-1 by cocaine (30 μM), of selective 5-HT re-uptake by fluoxetine (0.3 μM), of monoamine oxidase by pargyline (0.1 mM) or of noradrenaline re-uptake by reboxetine (1 μM) did not alter the concentration-response curve to 5-HT (n=6; results not shown). Tetrodotoxin or inhibitors of uptake or breakdown were, therefore, not included in the organ bath solution routinely.
5-HT, the selective 5-HT4 receptor agonists R076186, SDZ HTF-919 and prucalopride, and the 5-HT4 receptor agonists cisapride and 5-MeOT all induced relaxation of the muscle strips (Figure 1). 5-HT was the most efficacious agonist and the maximum relaxations to the selective 5-HT4 receptor agonists R076186 and prucalopride, the 5-HT4 receptor agonists cisapride and 5-MeOT were not significantly different from that obtained by 5-HT (reflected in the intrinsic activity; see Table 1). The selective 5-HT4 receptor agonist SDZ HTF-919 yielded an intrinsic activity that was significantly less than that obtained by 5-HT. Prucalopride and SDZ HTF-919 behaved as approximately equipotent agonists. The rank order of agonist potency (with the concomitant pEC50 values between parentheses) was R076186 (7.2)=5-HT (7.2)>cisapride (6.8)>prucalopride (6.3) SDZ HTF-919 (6.1) > 5-MeOT (5.8). Prucalopride, SDZ HTF-919, R076186, 5-MeOT and cisapride, but not 5-HT produced a second, low-affinity phase at concentrations exceeding 30 μM. At concentrations of approximately 300 μM of the above-mentioned agonists, the muscle strips relaxed up to 100% of the precontraction. This low-affinity phase appeared to be non-5-HT4 receptor-mediated, as GR 113808 (in excess of 1 μM) shifted the high-affinity phase of the curve to R076186 rightward, leaving the low-affinity phase unaffected (n=2–4; results not shown). Investigation on the nature of the low-affinity phase fell outside the scope of this paper and was not further pursued.
The selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist granisetron (0.3 μM) did not alter the concentration-relaxation curve to 5-HT (pEC50 7.3±0.1; n=6; results not shown), which suggests that 5-HT3 receptors are not involved in the 5-HT-induced relaxation. In contrast, the selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonists GR 113808 (10, 30 and 100 nM), RS 39604 (0.1, 0.3, 1 and 3 μM) and GR 125487 (0.3, 1 and 3 nM) all produced a parallel rightward displacement of the concentration-relaxation curve to 5-HT, yielding Schild plots with slopes that were not significantly different from unity (Figure 2; Table 2). After constraining the Schild slopes to unity, pKB estimates of 9.1±0.11 (GR 113808), 9.7±0.07 (GR 125487) and 7.9±0.05 (RS 39604) were obtained. The selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist SB 204070 (0.1, 0.3 and 1 nM) failed to meet the criteria for competitive antagonism (Figure 3), displaying a concentration-dependent rightward shift and a concomitant depression of the curve to 5-HT. Therefore, an apparent pA2 value of 10.6±0.17 was estimated, using only the rightward shift induced by SB 204070 (0.1 nM). The Schild slopes and affinity estimates obtained are given in Table 2.
GR 113808 (10 nM) produced a significant rightward shift of the curve to R076186. Using GR 113808 (30 nM), concentrations of R076186 higher than 30 μM had to be administered to reach the maximum relaxation. This resulted in a deformation of the curve to R076186 due to the second phase, therefore, it was not feasible to estimate a pKB for GR 113808 against R076186. Using only the rightward shift of the curve to R076186 produced by GR 113808 (10 nM), an pA2 of 8.8±0.11 was estimated (Figure 4).
The data of the present study clearly suggest that under the applied conditions, functional 5-HT4 receptors mediate relaxation of the canine rectum circular smooth muscle in vitro. This is the first report to describe the characterization of functional canine 5-HT4 receptors in vitro.
The rank order of potency of the 5-HT agonists was consistent with a 5-HT4 receptor (Figure 1; Table 1). R076186 (Briejer et al., 1993), prucalopride (Briejer et al., 1998b) and SDZ HTF-919 (Buchheit et al., 1995) are potent and selective 5-HT4 receptor agonists, and they all produced relaxations at 5-HT4 receptor-selective concentrations. Cisapride has affinity for a number of 5-HT receptors, such as 5-HT2A and 5-HT3 receptors (Gommeren et al., 1998) but is an agonist only at 5-HT4 receptors (Briejer et al., 1993). Indeed, in the assay under study, cisapride was a relatively potent agonist. 5-MeOT was found to be less potent than 5-HT. This is in accordance with reported data showing that 5-MeOT is less potent than 5-HT (Gale et al., 1994b), using the rat oesophagus muscularis mucosae preparation, although another report shows that 5-MeOT and 5-HT were equipotent at rat oesophageal 5-HT4 receptors (Hegde & Eglen, 1996). Taken together, the agonist rank order of potency strongly suggests that the relaxation is due to activation of 5-HT4 receptors.
The affinity estimates of the selective and highly potent 5-HT4 receptor antagonists GR 113808 and GR 125487 (9.1 and 9.7, respectively; Figure 2 and Table 2) were in good accordance with affinities reported previously (GR 113808: Gale et al., 1994b; GR 125487: Gale et al., 1994a). The selective and highly potent 5-HT4 receptor antagonist SB 204070 (Wardle et al., 1994) was a 'pseudo-irreversible' antagonist, as it depressed the maximum response to 5-HT significantly (Figure 3). In other bioassays, SB 204070 was a 'pseudo-irreversible' antagonist as well (Wardle et al., 1994; Leung et al., 1996; Zeitung et al., 1998) and similar apparent pA2 values, varying between 10 and 11, were found, being in good accordance with the affinity estimate obtained in canine tissue (10.6) in the current study. The selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist RS 39604 (Hegde et al., 1995; Figure 3b) competitively antagonized the relaxations to 5-HT, yielding a pKB estimate (7.9) that was remarkably lower than that observed in the rat oesophagus tunica muscularis mucosae (pA2 9.3; Hegde et al., 1995; Table 2). This deviation in affinity for RS 39604 could be due to structural heterogeneity among 5-HT4 receptors in various mammals. Alternatively, a number of publications have mentioned splice variants of the 5-HT4 receptor being expressed in rats (Gerald et al., 1995), pigs (Ullmer et al., 1995) and humans (Van den Wyngaert et al., 1997; Blondel et al., 1998), which could result in pharmacological differences among tissues within animal species. However, as no evidence has yet emerged of 5-HT4 receptor splice variants being expressed in the dog, the affinity estimate for RS 39604 being divergent to this extent is most likely explained by the rat and canine 5-HT4 receptor being structurally different. Furthermore, as GR 113808, GR 125487 and SB 204070 do not express such a divergent affinity (Table 2), it seems that only RS 39604 might pharmacologically distinguish between 5-HT4 receptors of the dog and of other animal species. Still, the overall profile of the obtained antagonist affinity estimates ultimately point to 5-HT4 receptors mediating the relaxation to 5-HT. This point is further emphasized by the agonist-independent affinity estimate of GR 113808, using 5-HT and R076186 as an agonist (Figure 4).
The findings of this study are in line with previous observations by Briejer and colleagues (1998a), who investigated motility patterns in conscious dogs that had been equipped with chronically implanted, circularly-placed, force transducers on the serosal side of the canine large intestine. They showed that the selective 5-HT4 receptor agonist prucalopride enhanced the motility in the proximal colon and inhibited the motility in the distal colon. This effect could be blocked by the selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist GR 125487, indicative of 5-HT4 receptors mediating the changes in motility patterns. Accordingly, the present study revealed that the 5-HT-induced relaxation was relatively most pronounced in the rectum, and decreased using descending colon, or ascending colon, respectively. Therefore, it could be hypothesized that 5-HT4 receptor density and/or coupling increases towards the distal end of the large intestine.
Earlier, canine 5-HT4 receptor-mediated responses were found in the stomach using the Heidenhain pouch (i.e. focused on the proximal gastric area), as the highly potent and selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist SB 204070 (Wardle et al., 1994) inhibited 5-HT-evoked increments in pressure in vivo (Bingham et al., 1995). However, in in vitro studies using the canine antrum (i.e. the distal gastric area), it was shown that the non-selective 5-HT4 receptor agonists cisapride and 5-HT facilitated the cholinergic neurotransmission in the canine antrum in vitro, an effect that was insensitive to 5-HT4 receptor blockade (de Ridder & Schuurkes, 1993). Therefore, the link between the in vitro and the in vivo data, as is proposed for the canine large intestine, has not yet been established for the stomach.
To date, most studies on 5-HT4 receptors have been performed on other species than the dog. In the guinea-pig, 5-HT4 receptors are located exclusively on the enteric neurones, facilitating cholinergic and tachykininergic neurotransmission, resulting in contraction (Briejer & Schuurkes, 1996). In the rat oesophagus tunica muscularis mucosae preparation (Baxter et al., 1991) and in the rat ileum (Tuladhar et al., 1996), smooth muscle 5-HT4 receptors mediate relaxation. 5-HT4 receptor stimulation in the rat colon has not yet been associated with contraction or relaxation, but with secretion (Bunce et al., 1991). However, in the human colon large intestine (ascending to sigmoid colon and rectum), circular smooth muscle 5-HT4 receptors mediate relaxation (Tam et al., 1995; Meulemans et al., 1995; McLean et al., 1995). Recently, we showed that the selective 5-HT4 receptor agonists prucalopride and R076186 mediate relaxation of the human colon, consistent with 5-HT4 receptor interactions (Prins et al., 1998b). These agonists also potently relaxed the canine rectum in the present study. Therefore, the dog may be the first animal species which resembles humans with respect to pharmacology and function of colonic 5-HT4 receptors. The canine rectum may be designated a well-predictive pharmacological model for the human colon concerning 5-HT4 receptor function.
To summarize, in this study it was established that 5-HT4 receptors on the canine rectal circular smooth muscle mediate relaxation. The observed affinity estimate of RS 39604, which is lower than previously reported using rat tissue, might indicate that the canine 5-HT4 receptor is pharmacologically distinguishable from the 5-HT4 receptor of the rat. In conclusion, the canine rectum provides a 5-HT4 receptor model for the human colon.
The authors wish to thank André Van De Water and Henk van der Linde from the Department of Cardiovascular & Pulmonary Pharmacology of the Janssen Research Foundation for providing canine tissue.
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Forester Turbo in 1 year
Hi people,
I'm considering buying a 2003 Forester or waiting 1 year for the Turbo model. Can I get some opinions? I live in Boulder Co, and need some kind of car now. I drive safely- and safety is my priority, not speed, so I wonder if in certain specific situations if I'll have more lattitude with the turbo model such as: when I'm merging onto the highway, or when I'm the second car about to make a left-hand turn when the light turns green and have a split second to do it, or a split second to weave through traffic. Will I do better in these 0-20 or 20-65 mph situations with a turbo with regard to my quick response and therefore safety? The flip side is will the turbo display somewhat of a lack of control and therfore be counterproductive toward safety- not to mention possibly overheat sometimes and be a mechanical burden? Is the current Subaru good, or lacking in such response?
Finally, if it seems that I should wait a year before making that big purchase is it best to a. lease for 1 year until then b. just buy a new Forester and trade up c. buy a used and trade up. Safety-wise the 03 is clearly better than the prior models, I think, however, I wonder if I'd take more of a "bluebook" hit by not going with a used model temporarily?
Thanks so much folks, you know quite a bit on this board
Best wishes
I'm considering buying a 2003 Forester or waiting 1 year for the Turbo model. Can I get some opinions? I live in Boulder Co, and need some kind of car now. I drive safely- and safety is my priority, not speed, so I wonder if in certain specific situations if I'll have more lattitude with the turbo model such as: when I'm merging onto the highway, or when I'm the second car about to make a left-hand turn when the light turns green and have a split second to do it, or a split second to weave through traffic. Will I do better in these 0-20 or 20-65 mph situations with a turbo with regard to my quick response and therefore safety? The flip side is will the turbo display somewhat of a lack of control and therfore be counterproductive toward safety- not to mention possibly overheat sometimes and be a mechanical burden? Is the current Subaru good, or lacking in such response?
Finally, if it seems that I should wait a year before making that big purchase is it best to a. lease for 1 year until then b. just buy a new Forester and trade up c. buy a used and trade up. Safety-wise the 03 is clearly better than the prior models, I think, however, I wonder if I'd take more of a "bluebook" hit by not going with a used model temporarily?
Thanks so much folks, you know quite a bit on this board
Best wishes
lspiva Posts: 49Steve. Take for a test drive a current model of Forester and you won't be disappointed.
I tested 2003 WRX Turbo and found it way to light for the turbo. I had the same point like you are, safety comes first. (Note that Forester turbo will have identical turbo as WRX). So I bought 2003 Forester XS Premium with AT. Driving on California freeways with its uphill entrances sometimes take a split second delay, but I am always able to enter the freeway traffic with a speed of 50 MPH or even higher. Engine of current Forester is nice and cruising on freeway is easy. Driving at 70 MPH is a pleasure.
I took my Forester for a few time already to Lake Tahoe (about the same alttitude as Denver, CO) and never had problem. Engine was rev at 3500 RPM with 4 adults and 1 child on board, plus about 100 lbs of luggage.
Hope this will help you in making a right choice. Good luck. Leo -
ateixeira Posts: 72,587Depends on what engine they use.
A small turbo, like the 2.0l in the WRX, may lag a bit and actually make a heavier Forester less safe than a 2.5l in quick response situation. A turbo has to spool up, you need a load and revs to make power.
We're hoping for a 2.5l light-pressure turbo, and that would be perfect. In that case I'd say wait, but forced induction works wonders at altitude, and you're in Colorado!
The turbo should arrive in June, it's not worth buying a new car to keep for 7 months. Buy a beater, or something that could become your 2nd car next year.
If you decide against a turbo, get an XS model for the rear LSD and rear disc brakes with EBD, for added safety. All models have ABS, AWD, and side air bags that even protect from head injuries.
I love my '98 Forester, and I keep saying I'll get a turbo when they come out, but it'll be hard to part with mine.
-juice -
steve281 Posts: 26Thankyou so much people,
Thanks, I'm grateful for your feedback. Believe it or not I wouldn't even want to be in a vehicle without side airbags, so which would be less expensive, just buying an 03 Forrester and trading up to a Turbo- that's if it seems like the right Turbo, or leasing? How much would each cost for 1 year- the loss in cash I'd take selling a 1 yr. old 03 Forrester if I decide to trade up to an 04, vs. leasing 1 year and turning it in? Do I get from you people that the 03 will be adequate for most in city and merging situations?
steve -
steve281 Posts: 26Dear Juice,
I don't understand about forced induction- are you implying that because of the altitude even the lighter 2.0 turbo would be effective in colorado- or that a non-turbo engine would be fine here as a result of that? The bottom line is that is the currently designed Forrester going to do fine in the situations I delineated anyway..I don't pass very much on the highway, It'll be more city driving, though boulder has many incity expressways where you'll drive 55, and also merging? Also, in an article recently appearing here from somone who writes for car magazines and takes photos, didn't she imply the turbo wouldn't be available until late 03 or early 04..are you fairly certain I could purchase one by June?
Thanks again
Steve -
lspiva Posts: 49Steve. Base on my knoweledge of the vechicle values, I would expect that 03 Forester will lose approximatelly $6K to $8K in one year alone from the out-the-door price. If you need a car for just one year, $6K to $8K lost is way to much (at least more that I would want to pay). Honestly, I never saw any exct information when Forester Turbo will arive in US automarket (it could be July 03 or even later). It all depends on a sales of the current 03 Forester model. If sales result will be brisk, Subaru may potpone release of the Turbo verion for another few months and instead of June-July 03, they might decide to go for October-November 03. Believe it or not, I would not want to buy a Turbo version of the car (just my previous unplesant expirience with my previous Volvo 740 Turbo Intercooler).
steve281 Posts: 26Dear Ispeva..and all others,
Thankyou for that feedback. Can I assume that you had mechanical/repair difficulty with your turbo? Is this something that happens with them frequently? I wonder how the existing Forester Turbos have fared outside of this country..it brings me back to the first point- is a Turbo
going to be a plus for normal driving situations, or not really, and in fact potentially cause problems?
Thanks again..this is influencing whether I pull the trigger any day on the purchase
Steve -
ateixeira Posts: 72,587Steve: maybe you can find a slightly used 2003? They have side air bags that even protect the head.
Or get a basic X model for about $20 grand or so, that'll probalby only lose $3 grand in resale in a year. An XS Premium, for about $24 grand, will probably lose $4-5 grand in value. Of course this depends on the deal you get now.
My '98 was purchased for $19.2k, and I see current prices 4 years later for $10-12K or so. So I think Leo's numbers are high. Maybe $6-8 grand off MSRP after a year.
Turbos have a blow-off valve that let off an excess pressure, you even hear a "PSST" when you shift. At altitude, the air is thinner, so the turbo makes use of more of that pressure, since more thin air will fit. You'll hear less of a "psst" but not lose any power.
A normally aspirated engine will be gasping. A 165hp Forester may feel more like a 125hp Forester. Which will still get you up that hill, just don't plan on passing much.
-juice -
ateixeira Posts: 72,587Just did a quick search on Cars.com. Near me prices for a 1998 go from $9995 with 108k miles, to $16k with 13k miles.
They have 2 2002 Ls for $19k. That's just about what they cost new, though I'm sure they'd negotiate down a little. They also have a bunch of S models for $21-22k. Again, that's close to their original value.
Keep in mind some of those might be dealers, private party sales will be less.
-juice -
bluesubie Posts: 3,497You can't really compare turbo problems from "back in the day", to current turbos and other manufacturers turbos.
For example, one problem on old turbos was the coking of oil. When you stopped the car after a hard drive, the oil would just sit in the turbo instead of circulating. The turbo in the WRX has coolant circulating even when the car is turned off.
It's hard to speculate on the Forester turbo's power since we don't know how it will be tuned for the U.S. market. Try http://www.scoobynet.co.uk/bbs/ for a UK perspective.
-Dennis -
ajacat Posts: 63"Thank you for visiting the Subaru Web site and for your interest in Subaru products. There are no plans at this time to offer a turbo Forester in the United States. However, with the other model lines getting more power, it seems as if it would only be a matter of time before the Forester model line gets more power. When or if this will happen, is not yet determined.
We appreciate that you took the time to give us your comments. We will forward them to our Product Planning Department for their future consideration. In the past, input from our owners has been helpful in initiating changes to our newer models. We hope to continually improve our products and appreciate your recommendations.
Thanks again for your interest.
Best wishes,
John J. Mergen
Subaru of America, Inc."
I put a shorter version of this on another board (hi atexieira, aka juice)--what do you all make of it? After reading the UK reviews, I just don't want to wait! -
bluesubie Posts: 3,497Yeah, they can't spill the beans. They were sending out a similar letter a year before the WRX was announced. :-)
This looks promising though:
"However, with the other model lines getting more power, it seems as if it would only be a matter of time before the Forester model line gets more power. "
-Dennis -
allhorizon Posts: 483"no plans at this time" is exactly the response I got one year ago. It is also standard parlance for "we are not authorized to comment". As everyone else has said, the remainder is extremely encouraging, and may indicate that they are still debating which exact engine we will get. In any case it will have more low-end torque than the WRX. Note: for a turbo a manual is always a better fit than an auto transmission.
Also, I agree that for high altitude a turbo is great (I lived in Denver for a year), and most manufacturer's turbos are very reliable these days (including Subaru and Audi/VW, for example).
steve281 Posts: 26Thanks so much for this feedback,
However, do you feel that the current 2003 is reasonably quick for merging and getting though traffic in daily driving situations
Or will I have to hesitate a bit- again I don't drive fast, but want enough latitude not to compromise safety..I'm not "power hungry"- actually a novice driver. Also, since I only drive automatic, would a turbo not be viable anyway?
Thanks so much
STeve -
bluesubie Posts: 3,497My wife has the 2.5 4 cyl. Outback (which is heavier than the Forester). Occasionaly, she wishes she had more h.p. in traffic, but 99% of the time the power is more than adequate. The 2.5's have good torque. We live near sea level though and have little hills.
Are you able to take the kind of test drive where you can really put it through it's paces? I have two dealers about a half hour away that just hand you the keys.
It's tough to shop for a car that's not even out yet and we don't know the specs of.
-Dennis -
ateixeira Posts: 72,587I think power is fine. Consider that the original RAV4 and CR-V had power in the 120hp range. Suzuki started with 90hp and worked their way up to 120 for the Sport.
The segment got hot and now power ranges from 140-215, with Subaru in the middle, but weighing less than most, so it's better than average.
-juice -
pnassmac Posts: 37Steve,
I own an '03 X 5spd. Enough power? It depends on a few things. What have you been driving? Are you a bigger person? Do you live at high altitude or on the flats of America?
I live in the Midwest. I'm a relative lightweight at 160 and what I carry daily usually does not exceed another hundred pounds or so. I drive about 500 miles each week with ~400 miles spend on the highway. I prefer to live in the left lane, cruising between 75-80mph when possible (law enforcement related).
I've rarely wanted for more juice under the hood for daily means. If you're nervous about power, keep the rev's high when needed for those short moments when you need it. The only times I seriously wish for more power is when sliding through a particular right-hand turn on wet days - but you can't have it all. Okay, I'm wrong (Forester Turbo).
pnassmac -
ateixeira Posts: 72,587I agree. My Forester is about as quick as my Miata. With clutch-dropping 0-60 runs, the Miata might eek out a small victory.
However, the Subie has MUCH more (i.e. some) torque. The Miata's torque peaks at a sky-high 5500rpm, so caught in the wrong gear, it's a slug. The Subie never gets caught like that.
Also, with the A/C on, the Miata becomes a Geo Metro. The Subaru is hardly affected.
So it's very driveable, the boxer makes good every day accessible torque. An autobahn stormer it ain't.
-juice -
corsicachevy Posts: 316I know this suggestion is far from the minds of Subaru engineers, but wouldn't it be nice to have a supercharged version of the 2.5 for use in the Forester and Outback? A small, efficent supercharger with moderate boost would provide a decent amount low end torque for passing, accelerating and the occasional towing. I would guess that output figures of 200hp and 210lb-ft of torque would provide the kick-in-the-pants people are looking for.
rsholland Posts: 19,742The STX concept, which evolved into the production Baja, had a supercharged 2.5, putting out about 210hp. Subaru obviously explored that possibility, but rejected it for reasons unknown...
It is widely rumored that Subaru has a 2.5 turbo just sitting on the shelf, waiting to find a home in some vehicle.
Bob -
ateixeira Posts: 72,587I bet they have the 2.5l turbo engine, but need to engineer a clutch/tranny that can handle the power.
You hear the official Subaru line that the H6 does not leaving room for a 5 speed, but I don't buy it. The 6 speed from the STi could handle the H6's torque, and I bet it fits.
-juice -
steve281 Posts: 26Dear People,
A Subaru salesman made the following admission to me- The turbo is expected out late in the third quarter of 2003, it would be a 2.0 yielding
200 horsepower and would be approximately $26,000.00. Do you think that engine would take longer from a standstill than the current Forester to spool up, but be quicker on a merge?
This discussion has been closed.


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Extreme SportsHang glide, rock climb, kiteboard, zip line or skydive for the ultimate adrenaline rush.
Motorsports & RacingVisit Charlotte Motor Speedway, the NASCAR Hall, and Childress, Petty and other team shops.
Pro & Semi-Pro SportsRoot for the home team at NFL, NBA, NHL and Minor League Baseball games statewide.
Play Golf in the Heart of North CarolinaIn the Piedmont, you can play one afternoon among the pines of the Sandhills and the next morning walk a fairway framed by towering hardwoods.Read more »
Hidden Golf Gems in the PiedmontFor the adventuresome golfer seeking something special, central North Carolina contains more than a few hidden gems.Read more »
Zip Your Way Through a Vast North Carolina CanopyWith mountain peaks, rolling hills and an abundance of waterfalls, North Carolina is a natural choice for zip lines day, night and year-round.Read more »
North Carolina's Dream 18 Golf Courses for WomenWomen will find our courses welcoming and friendly, with many going to great lengths to create playing conditions both suitable and challenging.Read more »
Mountain Biking in the High CountryThe High Country offers some of the best mountain biking trails in the state. With peaks of 5,500 feet, the thrill of biking here is hard to beat.Read more »
Beer at the BallparkFrom Asheville to Zebulon, Minor League Baseball fans can enjoy a warm breeze, the crack of a bat, and dozens of our finest craft beers.Read more »
Golf Resorts Abound Along North Carolina's CoastRenowned designers have carefully carved courses along the water, dunes, marshlands and maritime forests of coastal North Carolina.Read more »
Golden Oldies of Golf in the PiedmontA number of proudly mature courses in the "Home of American Golf" and around the state's Piedmont region regularly attract admirers.Read more »
Golf Is a Family Affair on North Carolina's Golf CoastThe Brunswick Islands are the ideal place for a family vacation that includes golf, with more than 30 top-rated courses ready to welcome you.Read more »
Guide to North Carolina Game DaysFrom Neese's sausage to Lexington barbecue, local craft beer to Cheerwine, these essentials make a great tailgate regardless of your home team.Read more »
Brunswick Islands, North Carolina's Golf CoastThis area is home to 30-plus golf courses designed by the game's greatest architects and renowned for quality, condition and playability.Read more »
Golf in the MountainsWhether it's a green guarded by boulders or a trout stream tumbling beside a fairway, golf is at its peak in the North Carolina mountains.Read more »
Donald Ross Golf Courses Across North CarolinaHere, the name "Donald Ross" and golf are synonymous. Make a golf trip to Pinehurst, Asheville or Wilmington to experience the greens yourself.Read more »
Short-Track RacingThough the cars and settings vary, you'll find racing excitement and a chance to watch NASCAR's future stars at short tracks across North Carolina.Read more »
NASCAR Experiences Near CharlotteExperience the excitement of NASCAR not only at the track but also on Lake Norman, at the state's Auto Racing Hall of Fame and Red Rocks Café.Read more »
Pinehurst No. 2, Historically Restored and Waiting Legendary Pinehurst No. 2 was carefully restored just in time to host the men's and women's U.S. Open Championships in June 2014.Read more »
Dream 18: Top-Rated Golf Courses You Can PlayThe North Carolina Golf Panel annually ranks the state's top courses to help guide your choices when you come here to test your skills.Read more »
Play Two of the World's Longest Golf HolesTest your driving distance when you take on two of the world's longest golf holes – one in the Brunswick Islands and one in Black Mountain.Read more »
10 Popular North Carolina Biking TrailsNorth Carolina offers a variety of biking options, from flat, easy rides along scenic beaches to rugged climbs up steep mountain trails.Read more »
Golf on the CoastHere, water abounds on courses abutting the beach or bounded by marshes and maritime forests, and an ocean breeze is almost ever-present.Read more »
Grab Your Gear for an Adventurous Mountain GetawayKick cabin fever with a range of winter activities in the mountains like hiking, cross-country skiing, snowshoeing and even ice climbing.Get planning »
Racing, Wine and Wild AnimalsYou'll find many things we're famous for near Asheboro and Lexington, including the Childress and Petty racing museums, the North Carolina Zoo and barbecue.Get planning »
Pinehurst: A Golf & History VacationThe Pinehurst area is steeped in golf history and tradition, but it's also a place with deep historic roots dating as far back as the mid-1700s.Get planning »
Film Sites from Bull Durham to the Blue Ridge ParkwaySee some of our great film sites and performing arts venues while enjoying the history of their picturesque settings in this five-day itinerary.Get planning »
Thrill Rides in CharlotteFrom white-knuckle roller coasters to whitewater rafting, this four-day tour in and around Charlotte is sure to get your adrenaline pumping.Get planning »
Golf in North CarolinaSee how North Carolina offers a higher level of play with its natural beauty and meticulously maintained courses.
Winter Sports in the High CountryWhen winter comes to North Carolina, head to the High Country for skiing, snowboarding, tubing, ice skating and snowshoeing.
Brunswick Islands, North Carolina's Golf CoastHere, golfers can choose from more than 30 scenic and challenging courses including Cape Fear National and the courses at Ocean Ridge Plantation.
ZipQuest AdventuresTake zip line tour through the trees on eight zip lines, 16 tree platforms, three sky bridges and three spiral staircases.
Richard Childress Racing MuseumExplore Richard Childress Racing team shops and get hands-on at the RCR Museum – home to more than 30 Dale Earnhardt cars – in Welcome.
Golf on the Currituck Outer BanksOn the northern Outer Banks, a round of golf includes beautiful scenery, ocean and sound views, and courses suited to both novice and professional golfers.
A Rich Maritime World at Bald Head IslandBald Head Island offers visitors a rich maritime world, from pristine beaches and sea turtles to Old Baldy Lighthouse.
NASCAR Hall of FameYou'll see stock cars and historical artifacts as well as exhibits dedicated to legendary drivers at this interactive museum in Charlotte.
The Albatross FleetHatteras Offshore (Gulf Stream) and Inshore (Inlet and ocean) charter fishing with experienced local guides on beautiful,… View on mapRegions: Coast, Outer Banks & Currituck
Topsail Art GallerySurf City We carry an extensive collection of originals and reproductions by local and regional artists as well as a large… View on mapRegions: Coast, Topsail Area
Waynesville Disc GolfWaynesville Have fun with THe Waynesville Disc Gof Course. View on mapRegions: Mountains, Smoky Mountains & Cherokee
Nolichucky RiverBurnsville A free-flowing river through the Pisgah National Forest. It pours through one of the deepest canyons in the East and… View on mapRegions: Mountains, High Country
Brock Mill House and PondTrenton Picturesque mill house located on a 132 acres of pond which winds back into areas with abundant wildlife and indigenous… View on mapRegions: Coast, Inner Coastal Plain
Natty Greene's Pub and BrewingRaleigh Built in the early 1900s as the Raleigh Electric powerhouse, it now takes on an authentic pub-style atmosphere with a… View on mapRegions: Piedmont, Raleigh, Durham & the Triangle
Historic Downtown WilsonWilson Features m9re than 25 historic buildings, churches and homes that are listed on the National Register of Historic… View on mapRegions: Piedmont, Raleigh, Durham & the Triangle
Tar River Foot and Paddle TrailRocky Mount Hike or bike from Battle Park. Upstream you will find Sunset Park (fishing pier, tennis, skating, splash park and… View on mapRegions: Piedmont, Raleigh, Durham & the Triangle
Academy Hill Historic DistrictStatesville Focal points are the Mulberry Street School and the Statesville Male Academy, from which it takes its name. Most of the… View on mapRegions: Piedmont, Charlotte Region
Houseboat Rentals On The Crystal CoastBeaufort Houseboat rentals include skiff for exploring islands of the Crystal Coast. All details included. A perfect getaway. View on mapRegions: Coast, Crystal Coast
$4 Off - The World's Largest Dinosaurs ExhibitionNorth Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesRaleigh Valid: Jan 2 - Mar 1
50% Off Additional Nights - Extend Your Ski WeekendBeech Mountain TDABeech Mountain Valid: Jan 4 - Mar 23
Fresh Daily: The Durham SweepstakesIf you're looking for a place where every day is a new experience, look no further than Durham, North Carolina. Enjoy a chef-driven food scene,…


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Combines a high visibility light and safety flag with a light weight, low drag, and portable style. Insert foam base into molded-in or Live Well rod holders. Also fits Scotty mounts.
The ultra thin mast and redesigned flag combine to offer excellent performance with low wind drag. Main mast section designed with carbon fiber tubing for high strength and ultra light weight. The VISICarbon ProTM weighs in at just 14 ounces, complete with 3 AA batteries. The 48" long VISICarbon ProTM breaks down to 14" long in seconds. Place into a molded-in rod holder tube or Flag attachment system provides a secure attachment that allows the flag to be removed in seconds (See Yakattack mount options). The folded unit can be stored inside the nylon flag which doubles as carry bag.


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Pet Pics on Petsugar 2008-09-15 08:00:15
Pet Pic of the Day: Lucky Steals a Kiss
Lucky is one affectionate boy – he stole a mouth-to-tongue kiss from indiaheart's 18 month-old niece! Thankfully, the baby didn't look like she minded all that much.
Congrats to Lucky and indiaheart for being chosen as our Pet Pic of the Day! Be sure to submit your favorite snapshots to our Pet Pics group. You may just see your furry pals on the pages of PetSugar!
Cute Animals
6 years
Very cute, but that's a surefire way for a child to get a parasite from a dog. And especially considering there are parasites (like roundworm) that commonly inhabit dogs and cats that can cause permanent blindness in people.
All the more reason to have your dogs and cats on a monthly dewormer! :)
6 years
It's very cute but a little disgusting. Not too fond of any dog licking someone near the mouth like that.
6 years
That is just too cute!!
Also, I've heard that having a dog builds the immune system of children so that they don't get sick as easily when they get older.
6 years
okay on one hand eww no way i would let my dog lick a baby face but it is really cute....
6 years
i wouldn't let my pup lick a babies face like that... my doggy is always licking his pipi and booty. soo yuckie
Link Love
- Eli Manning's wife, Abby, gives birth to a baby girl — Us Weekly
- Kim Kardashian has really mastered one kind of selfie — HuffPost Celebrity
- Who is Rachel McAdams's mystery dinner date? — Lainey Gossip
- Iggy Azalea backtracks after a social media rant — Dlisted
- Rihanna strips down for a sexy spread — ET
- Why Reese Witherspoon dressed up as a guy — JustJared
- Hilary Duff is one hot mom — Hollywood Tuna
- Eddie Murphy shares exciting SNL news — Pink Is the New Blog
- Why Suge Knight is under arrest — The Superficial


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HTML5 Publishing Software by FlipHTML5.com Available for November At No Cost
Recently flipHTML5.com, a company offering HTML5 based flip book tools, introduced its HTML5 based publishing software. The company is offering HTML5 publishing software for its users worldwide.
(PRWEB) November 14, 2013
Recently flipHTML5.com, a company offering HTML5 based flip book tools, introduced its HTML5 based publishing software. The company is offering HTML5 publishing software for its users worldwide. People can download the software at no cost. Please note that it is valid for November 2013 only.
Flip HTML5 page flip software is a one stop solution to create high quality flip books, magazines, brochures, newspaper and more. The software not only creates e-books but also publishes them across the web. It has been ranked as one of the top 5 new jQuery page flip book effect examples & demos.
In the recent days, media with rich content are widely used by online marketers to expand the market share. Online marketers search for efficient ways to create custom media rich content. FlipHTML5.com understands this need and offers its high tech tools for its worthy clients residing around the globe.
One interesting thing about this software is that it is available in GUI version which means it has a user friendly interface and users are not required to have any coding knowledge. Therefore, users can create e-books quickly. There are impressive pre-designed themes in this software with different backgrounds and templates. One great feature of this software is that it has customization options, which means that users can modify their flip books according to their needs. Another important feature of flip HTML5 is that it is compatible with mobile devices.
All the products offered by FlipHTML5 are of exceptional quality in terms of features, performance and efficiency. The company offers high end software programs for worldwide market. Premium versions are also offered at very facilitating rates.
FlipHTML5.com is a popular software company operating online. It offers high tech flip book making tools and supplies basic versions of its products at no cost at all.
For the original version on PRWeb visit: http://www.prweb.com/releases/2013/11/prweb11333709.htm


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Milan, Italy based Mario Milizia ~ For over fifteen years now, Mario Milizia has been a curious tourist of our globalized modernity: he looks at the international forms of entertainment and consumption rituals; he highlights the intentionally "generic" identity of certain art, like certain architecture and modern music; he investigates the new identity of digitalized media.
When works of art become commodities and nothing else, when every endeavor becomes "creative" and everybody "a creative," then art sinks back to craft and artists back to artisans—a word that, in its adjectival form, at least, is newly popular again. Artisanal pickles, artisanal poems: what's the difference, after all? So "art" itself may disappear: art as Art, that old high thing. Which—unless, like me, you think we need a vessel for our inner life—is nothing much to mourn.
Hard-working artisan, solitary genius, credentialed professional—the image of the artist has changed radically over the centuries. What if the latest model to emerge means the end of art as we have known it? --continue reading


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The Achray House is an ideal base for touring Perthshire and the Southern Highlands of Scotland.
Local places of interest include the Innerpeffray Library, the first free public lending library in Scotland founded over 300 years ago. Drummond Castle Gardens, which claim to be one of the finest formal gardens in Europe is also nearby, as is the Stuart Crystal factory. Whisky lovers should not miss the Famous Grouse Experience, housed in Scotland's oldest distillery, where you can learn the secrets of making malt whisky.
For a day's drive, head for Fort William via the brooding Glencoe. Infamous for its massacre - and more recently featured in countless films such as Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Monty Python and the Holy Grail, Braveheart and Skyfall- Glencoe has often been rated one of the fifth best drives in the world. Stop in Fort William to admire Ben Nevis - the highest mountain in Great Britain – before heading to the west coast sea port of Oban for a lunch of freshly landed seafood. The route back to the Achray House follows the shore of Loch Etive before heading inland through the glens and mountains of the Southern Highlands. (170 miles / 275 kilometres).
Shorter touring routes include Breadalbane and Atholl (140 miles / 225 kilometres), which features much of the most beautiful scenery in Perthshire, including Loch Tay, Glen Lyon and The Queens View over Loch Tummel. It is particularly scenic in autumn. There are a range of visitor attractions in towns on the way, including the salmon ladder at Pitlochry, and the 5,000 year old yew tree in Fortingall, reputed to be the oldest in Europe. Fortingall itself is claimed to be the birthplace of Pontius Pilate.
Other good touring routes for a day include the Trossachs (96 miles / 155 kilometres), and East Perthshire (86 miles / 140 kilometres).
3 for 2
In low season we offer three nights dinner, bed & breakfast for the price of two (based on our standard rates). Rates per person per room for the 3 nights (based on two people sharing a room) are as follows:
Chilled Champagne awaits you in The Dundurn Suite. With its super king size sleigh bed, designer bathroom and superb views it will pamper you. Enjoy an Achray Sparkler in the Neish Lounge before a four course dinner at a window table in the Conservatory Restaurant overlooking the loch. In the morning enjoy breakfast in bed, or in your private seating area overlooking the loch. £487 for 2 nights for 2 people(£542 in high season). |
Gourmet Night
For lovers of good food what better way to spend a night than savouring our six course taster menu, highlighting the best of Scottish produce, with the emphasis on game and seafood. Rates per person per night based on two people sharing a room are as follows:
Whisky, Food & Sonse Two days of fine food and fabulous whisky: on the first night, a three course dinner followed by a taster of five regional whiskies; on the second, our house aperitif followed by a six course taster menu, finishing with three rare old malt whiskies no longer in production. Rates per person for two nights based on two people sharing a room are:


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Yamaha Pop-Style Solos
By Steve Bach
Yamaha Pop-Style Solos (Clarinet/Bass Clarinet). Composed by Steve Bach and John O'Reilly. Concert Band. For Clarinet/Bass Clarinet. Concert Band Method; Band Supplement. Yamaha Band Method. Book. 16 pages. Published by Alfred Music (AP.14602).
This enjoyable collection features 15 solos with piano accompaniment or play-along CD. The pre-recorded accompaniments feature orchestrations which provide a sparkling showcase for the young performer while they help solidify rhythmic accuracy and improve intonation. And they make practicing more fun too! Correlated with the Yamaha Band Student, Book 1.
Recorded Acc. Available.


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7 stories found


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IntercontinentalExchange CEO Jeffrey Sprecher says the company, having acquired NYSE Euronext, plans to divide Euronext, a European equity-market unit, and Liffe, a futures market in London. "The first order of business is to complete the extensive work to separate Liffe from Euronext," Sprecher said. Then, ICE plans to spin off Euronext through an initial public offering, likely in mid-2014.
View Full Article in:
Bloomberg · Reuters · Wall Street Journal (tiered subscription model), The · CNBC · Financial Times (tiered subscription model)Published in Briefs:


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Follow Updates
CrashPlan Users Don't Have an Excuse
- June 24, 2013
- By CrashPlan Team
It's hard to think of a time before the awesome backup solution that is CrashPlan, but last week we asked our users to try to remember; to tell us the excuses they told themselves, their families and friends to rationalize why they weren't backing up their…
Towel Day 2013 Winners
- May 29, 2013
- By Adam Best
The results from our third annual Towel Day contest are in, and we couldn't be happier with the response from our awesome fans on Twitter.
As all Hitchhikers know, a towel is the most important item you can carry. Therefore, we are excited to award the following Hoopy Froods their very own "42" towel….
Win on Towel Day with CrashPlan
- May 24, 2013
- By Adam Best
This Saturday, May 25, is Towel Day, a highly celebrated day for fans of Douglas Adams' "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" (of which there are a lot here at the Code42 offices).
In honor of Adams' masterwork, and to say thanks to our loyal CrashPlan users, we are hosting our third annual Towel Day…
Read the book, don't wait for the movie
- November 30, 2012
- By CrashPlan Team
A book about backing up personal computers hard drives? Somebody wrote one of those?
Joe Kissell did. And countless of Code 42 customers have thanked him for it. "Take Control of CrashPlan BackUps" won't be a New York Times best seller soon. Nor will it optioned for a screenplay written by Aaron Sorkin.
Back to School Sweepstakes with CrashPlan+
- August 28, 2012
- By Jacqueline Simard
- Giveaways & Promotions
Back to school doesn't have to be a bummer. Enter for your chance to win a MacBook Air and CrashPlan+ Family unlimited subscription prize pack during our back to school promotion.
It's now easier than ever to win.
Thank you, 25,000+ CrashPlan followers!
- July 13, 2012
- By Jacqueline Simard
- Giveaways & Promotions
Thanks to everyone who participated in our 25,000 CrashPlan Twitter follower celebration! 50 winners will be adding 25-months to their CrashPlan+ Unlimited plans. The results are in; cue the drumroll!
Congratulations to the following Twitter followers who shared with us why they use CrashPlan as their data backup service:
@justinporter @samikki @kleinrfk @mrbill @mightysplace @crucialcolin…
CrashPlan celebrates 25,000 Twitter followers
- July 03, 2012
- By Jacqueline Simard
- Giveaways & Promotions
Our CrashPlan fans have helped us celebrate many milestones, from the launch of the CrashPlan mobile app to surpassing 100 petabytes of data and, most recently, Towel Day!
To show our appreciation, and in honor of surpassing the 25,000 follower mark on the CrashPlan Twitter account, we're giving away fifty 25-month CrashPlan+ Unlimited plans!
CrashPlan's Towel Day Contest Results Are In…
- May 30, 2012
- By Jacqueline Simard
- Giveaways & Promotions
The results from Code 42's Towel Day contests are in! Thanks to everyone who participated in our Facebook and Twitter Towel Day contests. (The photos we received via Facebook were fantastic!)
Three (or 42!) cheers to the following grand prize winners…
Congratulations to Paola Brasu, who submitted this image on our Facebook page:


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❝Whale island is a place for fishermen to stay during extended outings. there aren't a lot of native residents… so you're my first friend who's the same age。
❝ my situation was similar… stuck in that house all day, spending all my time learning how to kill… you were my first friend。
❝ do you have fun when we're together?
❝ i guess, yeah。
❝ then let's stick together! we can travel around and see the world together!


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The Green Bay Packers have a whole bevy of free agents this year, including players like defensive end B.J. Raji and wide receiver James Jones. However, they all take a backseat to one player: cornerback Sam Shields.
While the entire secondary struggled at times, Shields was one of the lone defenders who produced on a consistent basis last year. Throw in the fact that Shields is only 26 years old and is only beginning to reach his prime, and it's a no-brainer that the Packers need his services for the 2014 season and beyond.
Let's take a look at exactly why the Packers absolutely must re-sign Shields this offseason.
Playmaking Abilities
What the Packers greatly lacked last year in their secondary was playmakers. Green Bay combined for only 11 interceptions last year. Only four teams in the NFL had fewer interceptions.
Shields accounted for four of those picks during the 2013 season. In fact, since Shields entered the league in 2010, he's been one of the better playmakers at the cornerback position in the NFL:
Free agent-to-be Sam Shields has had 17 interceptions since 2010, fourth-most in the NFL.
— Packerpedia (@Packerpedia) February 9, 2014
When the Packers had a premier defense, it was because of their ability to create turnovers. In 2010, the Packers had the second-most interceptions in the league with 24. The following year, they led the NFL with 31 interceptions during the regular season.
Simply put, the Packers desperately need individuals in the secondary who can create turnovers and Shields is easily the best one they have.
No. 1 Cornerback Potential
For the first time this past season, Shields showed the potential to be a legitimate No. 1 cornerback in this league.
Shields lined up one-on-one against two of the better receivers in the league in Josh Gordon of the Cleveland Browns and A.J. Green of the Cincinnati Bengals. Just look at the chart below to see how well Shields covered both of these incredible receivers:
Receptions | Targets | % Caught | Receiving Yards | TDs | |
Josh Gordon | 2 | 6 | 33.3 | 21 | 0 |
A.J. Green | 4 | 8 | 50 | 46 | 1 |
Via Pro Football Focus and NFL.com
To put those numbers in perspective, Green averaged 6.3 receptions and 92 receiving yards in the other 15 games on his schedule. Gordon averaged 5.7 receptions and 108.3 yards per game when lined up against someone other than Shields.
Not only did Shields hold his own against elite receivers, he proved that he can be a lockdown defender on a consistent basis. Due to Shields' youth and current ability, he has the potential to be a No. 1 cornerback for Green Bay for a number of years.
Relatively Cheap to Re-Sign
The key word here is relatively. It'd be foolish to think that Shields won't get a hefty contract, but it shouldn't be anywhere near what the top players at his position make.
Pete Dougherty of The Green Bay Press-Gazette spoke with an NFL scout who guessed that Shields could "command as much as an $8.5 million average on the open market." While $8.5 million is certainly a good chunk of dough, there is also the possibility that Shields takes a hometown discount to stay with the team that originally gave him a chance.
Do the Packers absolutely need to re-sign Sam Shields?
Even if he doesn't take a discount, $8.5 million per year isn't terribly bad when you consider what the other top cornerbacks in the league make. Tampa Bay's Darrelle Revis averages $16 million per year, Denver's Champ Bailey averages $10.6 million and St Louis' Cortland Finnegan gets $10 million.
Shields might not be on the same level as Revis, but it's hard to argue that both Bailey and Finnegan are better long-term investments than Shields. If the Packers could re-sign Shields for close to $8.5 million per year, it'd be a relatively cheap deal for them.
When you combine Shields' potential to become a truly elite cornerback with his "relatively" inexpensive salary, it's easy to see why Shields is a player that the Packers absolutely must re-sign this offseason.
Salary information courtesy of Spotrac.com.


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Events and Presentations
A wide variety of sponsorship opportunities are available for each of the Automotive News Group events. For more information, please contact Ellen Dennehy, Director of Relationship Marketing at firstname.lastname@example.com or (313) 446-6039.
Automotive News Group Upcoming Events |
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Special Report
Ryan Hunter-Reay races to Indy 500 winner's circleBorgWarner's video montage highlighting 2014 Indianapolis 500 winner Ryan Hunter-Reay. Thu., January 15» Watch the Video |
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Dr. Joshua D. Gross, MD
Diagnostic Radiology, New York Radiology Partners Kingsway Diagnostic Imaging
- 3131 Kings Hwy Ste A4
Brooklyn, NY 11234 - 1 Office Location
- (718) 758-1500
Dr. Joshua D. Gross graduated from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine at Yeshiva University in 1980. He works in Brooklyn, NY and specializes in Diagnostic Radiology. Dr. Gross is affiliated with Beth Israel Medical Center. He speaks English, Russian and Spanish.
Gender: Male
Years in Practice: 35 Years
Languages Spoken: English, Russian, Spanish
Medical School: Albert Einstein College of Medicine at Yeshiva University
Graduation Date: 1980
Hospital Affiliations: Beth Israel Medical Center
Specialties: Diagnostic Radiology


text:
Blue Jackets 1
(5-13-3, 13 pts)
Devils 2
(11-8-1, 23 pts)
7:00 PM ET, November 23, 2011
Prudential Center, Newark, New Jersey
J. Boll (Blue Jackets - RW): Goals: 1, Assists: 0
M. Brodeur (Devils - G): Saves: 35, Save Pct.: .972
C. Sanford (Blue Jackets - G): Saves: 23, Save Pct.: .958
Player Summary
Goaltending Summary
* - A player receives a "plus" if he is on the ice when his Club scores an even-strength or shorthand goal. He receives a "minus" if he is on the ice for an even-strength or shorthand goal scored by the opposing Club. The difference in these numbers is considered the player's plus-minus statistic.