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The Rise of Economic, The Fall of Labour Rights
At the end of 2010, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Indonesia reached 6.1 percent, exceeding the government's target of 5.8 percent. With this, the Indonesian government also took credit for successfully reducing the unemployment rate from 9.1 percent to 7.14 percent, and the poverty rate from 16.6 percent to 13.5 percent, out of the 237.6 million Indonesian population. Meanwhile, the Investment Coordinating Board (BPKM) said that up to 463,012 people had been employed during 2010.
Towards the end of 2010, the increases in minimum wages were calculated by the Wage Boards. Was the skyrocketing GDP then a blessing for workers and trade unions?
Wage Degradation
The minimum wage is determined by the governor, mayor, or regent upon the recommendation of the Wage Board, which provides advice and considerations to them in determining the minimum wage. For that, the Wage Board, as a tripartite advisory institution, conducts a survey based on 46 components of the basic needs of workers.
The minimum wage is determined annually, and applies to single workers with under one year of working experience. For workers with over a year working experience, wages are negotiated exclusively between labourers or unions, and employers.
In general, the minimum wage (UMP) set for 2011 had been increased by an average of 8.69 percent. But, only 8 provinces (out of a total 33 provinces) were able to increase the wage as high as or higher than the Proper Living Needs (KHL) rate. In most provinces, the minimum wages have not met the KHL.
The above illustrates how the wage gap is maintained. First, the gap between the minimum wage rate with the workers' actual spending. Workers' actual spending during 2011 skyrocketed due to rising prices of basic needs, as reflected in the inflation rate. Inflation occurs in food prices by 3.5 percent, with housing, water, and electricity by 1.01 percent. Overall, in December 2010, the national inflation rate reached 6.96 percent with the first quarter of 2011 estimated at 7 percent.
Table 1- Comparison of Union Demands
Demands | 1st uarter2010 | 4th Quarter 2010 | 1st Quarter 2011 |
Basic Rights : (minimum wage, annual leave, worker's insurance, employment status, severance) | 159 | 113 | 102 |
Freedom of Unions | 24 | 10 | 24 |
Wages* | 3 | 24 | 0 |
Layoffs | 27 | 18 | 25 |
Government Policy | 77 | 76 | 42 |
Others | 7 | 10 | 10 |
* Demands of wages above government version's of minimum wage
According to the Indonesia Workers Organization (OPSI), 45 percent of single workers' wages are only just enough to hire a room or house and to pay for the transportation cost, while another 30 percent for daily food needs, all due to inflation. The rest of the wages are unable to meet the needs of education and health. In fact, the Centre for Social Studies Akatiga found that the new minimum wage can only cover 62.4 percent of workers' actual spending, estimated at an average of 1.467 million IDR (Indonesian rupiah) per month (US$168, at the end of March 2011 rate of US$1= 8,713 IDR).
As the result of low wages, workers have to work longer with overtime or side jobs, reduce consumption and nutrient intake, and take on debt. LIPS also found that many employers impose the minimum wage as maximum ones.
Second, wages that only meet a few percent of the KHL rate also get threatened with wages suspension. At the beginning of 2011, proposals of wage suspension continue to emerge, among them: 29 companies in East Java, West Java (60), Central Java (21), and Papua (2). Meanwhile in the district of Tangerang, Tangerang City, and South Tangerang City (all located in Banten Province), the Indonesian Entrepreneurs Association (Apindo) filed a lawsuit against the local government, trying to lower the determined minimum wage. In reality, the number of wage suspension proposals may be greater than estimated because of weak surveillance systems by the government.
Why do employers continue to bargain over paying the minimum wage rate? As reported in mass media during the first quarter of 2011, they claimed that business was not productive due to the hit of the financial crisis, the flood of illegal products, the domestic market takeover by products from China, high interest rates, and expensive raw materials.
Ironically, at the same time, the number of investment in Indonesia continues to rise. In 2010, the realization of investment jumped from 135.2 trillion IDR (US$15.5 billion) to 208.5 trillion IDR (US$23.9 billion). Foreign Direct Investment rose from 97.4 trillion IDR (US$11.1 billion) in 2009 to 148 trillion IDR (US$17.0 billion) in 2010. Domestic investment rose from 37.8 trillion IDR (US$4.34 billion) to 60.5 trillion IDR (US$6.94 billion). Meanwhile, the value of exports increased 42.34 percent in November 2010. Total imports of raw materials during January-November 2010 increased compared to 2009: imports of capital goods rose 35.20 percent. In particular, the manufacturing industry during 2010 is expected to reach a record high in the last five years.
The government's unwillingness to raise wages to meet the KHL rate and its willingness to grant the suspension of the minimum wage, indicate the government paradigm that wages should have a comparative advantage to attract investment. In fact, based on BKPM data, in 2009, Indonesia's wage rate is the lowest compared to Malaysia, China, Thailand, India, and Philippines. This hypothesis is strengthened by the plan to spur further investment. Government targets for domestic and foreign investment realization in 2011 amounted to 240 trillion IDR (US$27.5 billion), an increase of 15 percent compared to 2010, which had amounted to 208.5 trillion IDR (US$23.9 billion).
But during 2010, from total investment in Indonesia, only 16 percent of them was direct investment; the rest was hot money. Most of the real investment was focused on export industry sectors. Portfolio investment, as capital finance, just looks for capital accumulation opportunities and has no effect on employment.
The government's strategies to overcome unemployment and poverty are not much different from the New Order era: it relies on foreign capital with export-oriented industries. The government continued to prepare a set of rules that benefit investors while reducing workers' rights. It was seen in late December 2010, when government and employers tried to expand the recruitment of contract workers and reduce severance payments through the revision of labour laws.
Basic (Worker's) Rights
In the first quarter of 2011, demands for basic rights counted as much as 102 times, lower than the previous quarter. Demands for freedom to form unions counted as much as 24 times, an increase from the fourth quarter of 2010. Layoff rejections is 25 times higher than previous quarter, but still a decreased from first quarter of 2010.
Workers' demands for basic rights indicate a very high rate of basic labour rights violations, such as rights of menstruation leave being denied, workers with no social security, workers with under minimum wage payroll, workers with contract status in violation of labour law, and workers being laid off without severance pay.
Basic rights violations indicate the government's low responsibility to protect the basic rights of workers.
Repression of Union Freedom
During the first quarter of 2011, there were 33 cases of dismissals, layoffs, or threats of dismissal. Dismissal victims reached 22,180 people, a decrease from the fourth quarter of 2010, which reached 37 cases, a total sacrifice of 33,887 people's jobs. But it was still an increase from the first quarter of 2010 with 14 cases of 2,379 victims. (See Table 2 below.)
Ministerial Decree No. SE-907/MEN/PHI-PPHI/X/2004 on the Prevention of Mass Layoffs stated that the layoffs are a last resort after a reduction of the workers' wage and top level executive's privileges. Apparently, the decree was ignored.
At PT Framas Plastic Technology Bekasi, West Java, an outsole shoe company for Adidas, out of eleven labour union officials, nine of them were fired and one resigned. The company uses demotion patterns against union activists who demand improved working conditions. The dismissals were used against union member workers as well as non-member workers. The company claimed it was for more efficiency. However, at the same time it continued to recruit temporary workers. The company even shamelessly advertised the vacancies in a national daily newspaper.
Table 2- Layoff Class Comparison
Quarter 1 2010 | Quarter IV 2010 | Quarter 1 2011 | |||
Number of Cases | Victims | Number of Cases | Victims | Number of Cases | Victims |
14 | 2.379 | 37 | 33,887 | 33 | 22,180 |
According to the Jakarta Legal Aid Institute (LBH Jakarta), for five years, the freedom of unions has been disturbed by changes of union officials, layoffs, sanctions due to involvement in union activities, as well as efforts to criminalize union officials and activists. There are strong suspicion that the layoffs, with its variety of patterns, along with a tendency to suppress trade unions, is the entrance to massive labour flexibility.
The state is more assured to continue the programmes of trade liberalization, labour liberalization, and privatization of state-owned enterprises, while the basic rights of workers continue to be ignored.
During 2010, several labour unions were trying to build unity and offer a way out from this dire situation. In Sukabumi, the unions conducted a wage survey – the unions' version. Meanwhile in Jakarta the unions keep an eye on the wage survey conducted by the Wage Board. In Bekasi, West Java, the union members engaged in 'patrolling activities' when the Wage Board was conducting wage negotiations. As a result, wages in the three regions are relatively better. At the national level, several unions are cooperating with NGOs to conduct research on proper living wages and the harmful effects of contract workers' practices.
In the midst of various obstacles, unions still continue to improve their organizations' internal capacity and network expansion. However, the less principled and often underestimated problems keep disrupting such efforts, even weakening the labour movement. What we all must think is how to solve these problems.
Sources: Roundup by Syraif Arifin, LIPS, 21 April 2011, with information compiled from nine national mass media clippings and eleven local mass media, field observations and discussions with trade unions by LIPS. Also: http://pusdatinaker.balitfo.depnakertrans.go.id/katalog/download.php?g=4... Jurnal Sedane, Dinamika Perburuhan Semester II 2009, Vol. 8 No. 2, 2009; Learning Forum Dokumen, LIPS, 2010; http://acehmarxist.wordpress.com/2007/12/25/upah-minimum-nasional-dan-jalan-baru-kaum-buruh-indonesia/


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More Recipe Collections
Made with Stevia Sweets
Things made with Stevia or I can easily switch it to use Stevia or Truvia.
(12 Recipes) Created by LOSINGANGEL
Recipes in this Collection
Very Good 4.0/5
(2 ratings)
Cookbook creator says: Yippy! Submitted by AFRICAPARISH Carbs: 5.3g | Fat: 0.7g | Fiber: 0.9g | Protein: 0.9g | Calories: 29.5
Good 3.2/5
(5 ratings)
Submitted by BREES25 Carbs: 39.7g | Fat: 1.9g | Fiber: 5g | Protein: 13g | Calories: 220.8
Healthy and so yummy! Nutrition information includes toppings ~ they will vary with different fruits and toppings!! Submitted by HEART_N_GRACE Carbs: 39g | Fat: 9.5g | Fiber: 7.6g | Protein: 9.6g | Calories: 262
(no ratings)
Tasty, rich cocoa mix that's free of chemical sweeteners. Submitted by MRSJOHN Carbs: 3.2g | Fat: 0.8g | Fiber: 1.9g | Protein: 1.1g | Calories: 57.5
(no ratings)
A healthy snack or breakfast food that has 3.8g fiber per serving, only 3.4 g of sugar. It tastes so delicious, you won't even know how good it is for you! Submitted by TULIPCHICK91 Carbs: 22.6g | Fat: 7.2g | Fiber: 3.8g | Protein: 3.5g | Calories: 164.2
(no ratings)
Make this wonderful dish using no fat mayo and stevia for the sugar. It's great. Can change up using cabbage and broccoli, or change the radishes for red onions. It's great. Submitted by GGARDEN Carbs: 5.9g | Fat: 4.3g | Fiber: 1.4g | Protein: 1.5g | Calories: 65.8
(no ratings)
Submitted by CAFFEINEVICTORY Carbs: 33.4g | Fat: 5.2g | Fiber: 7.3g | Protein: 15.1g | Calories: 239
(no ratings)
sweetened with honey, stevia, and fruit Submitted by ALEGRIADELDIA Carbs: 26.4g | Fat: 5.9g | Fiber: 3.3g | Protein: 5g | Calories: 170.3
Very Good 4.0/5
(1 rating)
Submitted by FIT_ARTIST Carbs: 14.4g | Fat: 12.8g | Fiber: 3.4g | Protein: 5.3g | Calories: 187.8
Submitted by KRAVMAGAGIRL Carbs: 3.9g | Fat: 10.1g | Fiber: 2g | Protein: 1g | Calories: 111.1
Submitted by KRAVMAGAGIRL Carbs: 3.1g | Fat: 6.8g | Fiber: 1.9g | Protein: 1.2g | Calories: 76.6
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subset: commoncrawl


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The Santa Cruz Police Department asked for the public's help on Wednesday in finding a missing 60-year-old Santa Cruz woman.
Sharene Sars walked away from her house on the eastside of Santa Cruz Tuesday morning, Santa Cruz police spokesman Zach Friend said.
Sars was considered an at-risk missing person because of a medical need.
"Thanks to your help, Ms. Sars was located last night safe in Capitola. She was recognized because of postings and media coverage. Thank you for your partnership!" the police department announced on Thursday.
The views expressed are not those of this site, this station or its affiliated companies. By posting your comments you agree to accept our terms of use.
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Everyone knows of french fries, potato wedges, mashed potatoes and aloo chaat. Why not try this innovative idea of making green coins with potatoes!
Preparation Time: 15 minsCooking Time: 20 mins Makes 20 coins Show me for coins
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Working 8-10 hours a day makes it difficult to find time to work out.
Obesity has become a major health problem. This problem has to be addressed with a priority. Even though a help from health professional is needed to fight this condition, it is the efforts of an individual which counts in large. Major ailments like heart diseases, joint pain, elevated blood pressure, polycystic ovarian diseases, low sperm count, erectile dysfunction, diabetes etc surface when a person develops obesity. Health professionals advice to exercise regularly (to burn already accumulated fat) and to reduce calorie intake through diet.
Many women struggle hard to lose weight after pregnancy. Here are few useful tips to lose weight after pregnancy.
Adipose tissue is specialized connective tissue that functions as the major storage site for fat in the form of triglycerides.There are two different types of adipose tissues. They are
Most adipose tissue is white. White adipose tissue does three functions:
Obesity Causes.
Numerous tips to reduce obesity have been mentioned in ayurveda. The following ayurvedic tips help you to reduce the obesity.Very good exercises. Exercises like brisk walking, jogging, playing out door games etc help to reduce weight.
Win the weight through these home remedies to reduce obesity naturally:
Over weighted persons are at increased health risk than normal persons. They are more prone to chronic diseases like heart diseases, type-2 diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and few types of cancers.
What is obesity?Excess amount of body fat is Obesity.Excess weight of muscles, bone, fat and water in the body (like body builders and athletes) is Overweight.Is fat necessary to our body ?Certain amount of body fat does the following function
"Swatejombu gunaasnigdho drktam medhobhijayate"
Liposuction is a plastic surgery used for cosmetic purposes. Lipo – means fat. The prefix "Lipo" is usually used to indicate fat. Removing body fat deposits through suction is "Liposuction". This surgery is adopted to improve shape of an over weighted person's body. Excess fat deposits, which spoil the body shape, are removed through this modern method. Lipoplasty and suction lipectomy are other names given to this surgery.


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Looking Back: An Evening on the Civil Rights Movement. March 13. 6:00-7:00 p.m.
Submitted by oplin on Tue, 01/28/2014 - 2:58pm
Nina Parker from the Black Heritage Library and Multicultural Center will present a program on the Civil Rights Movement. This informative and interesting program compliments the 2014 CommunityREAD title, The Help, by Kathryn Stockett.
Thu, 03/13/2014 - 6:00pm - 7:00pm
More information:


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I really don't think there's such a thing as 'gaydar'.
No pain.
No worry.
No suffering.
I said maybe, but i meant, "I dont know"
Be yourself. Because if you're busy being someone else, then who's gonna be you?
i like impressing my friends by saying i do, by basicly just saying, that person is sooo gay... its my gaydar, lol, they know its a joke, so they laugh at me... but generally the only people i can tell are gay are the ones where someone who lives in a brick cube couldnt miss.... i suppose people who have been around other gay people more, or, for lack of better terms, have been gay longer have a better gaydar....
"Never apologize for saying what you feel. It's like apologizing for being real."
When people say they have gaydar, they can usually only point out those who are painfully obvious. Everyone knows that the kid with the gay lisp, limp wrist, highlighted hair, designer jeans and a gay swagger is not straight.
My friend's mom, who thinks she has gaydar, once asked me (when she had just met me), "Are you flaming?"
I looked at her, as if she were asking a stupid question because... she was. "If I were flaming you wouldn't have to ask. You don't have gaydar if you can tell if people are flaming."
- One Nation, Under Darkness
I think if you tend to be around gay people more often then you find it easier to pick up when other gay people are around because you are more tuned into the subtle hints that may suggest someone is gay.
No one can make you feel inferior without your consent-Eleanor Roosevelt


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Welcome to the El Reno Chamber of Commerce.
Our Mission
The mission of the El Reno Chamber of Commerce is to be the catalyst for business and community growth, increase the aesthetic values of the community and endeavor to create a more enlightened business and public opinion regarding legislative affairs.
El Reno Chamber Open House
Friday, January 30th, 2015
Community Coffee
February 3rd 2015
El Reno Carnegie Library
215 East Wade


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Most people infected with West Nile virus will not become ill. Among those who have symptoms, the disease tends to resemble flu. Symptoms may include:
- Fever
- Headache
- Body aches
- (Occasionally) skin rash or swollen lymph glands
Sometimes the virus causes an inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) or its lining (meningitis). People can become very ill, or even die. Symptoms may include:
- Headache
- High fever
- Stiff neck
- Vision loss
- Disorientation or stupor
- Coma
- Tremors or convulsions
- Muscle weakness
- Numbness
- Paralysis
Anyone who has these symptoms, or long-lasting flu symptoms, should seek medical care immediately. Blood tests can reveal whether West Nile virus is present.
Currently, there is no vaccine against West Nile for use in people. Nor is there a specific treatment.
Health care professionals can provide "supportive" care to help your body get through the illness. In severe cases, this treatment can include:
- Fluids through a vein (intravenous)
- Medicine to control fever
- Treatment of additional infections such as pneumonia
- Oxygen by nasal prongs or face mask


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During two trips to Europe — Italy and Greece in 2005 and Paris and Germany in 2010 — Kelly McCandless remembered to bring along appropriate footwear for when she and her husband visited nice places. When you think about it, tromping through a nice restaurant in your hiking boots just doesn't cut it.
The birth of her daughter some 18 months ago tempered McCandless' travel plans for the time being. But she plans to again venture overseas when the time is right.
McCandless joined the Billings Chamber of Commerce Convention and Visitors Bureau in 2008 as a guest services manager and leisure sales manager. The position gave her important hands-on experience working in the travel industry.
Using money from a $1-per-night fee on hotel rooms, the Tourism Business Improvement District has gained a lot of marketing clout in promoting Billings as a tourism destination. That success has been reflected in a significant increase in hotel room occupancy.
Last year McCandless was named the chamber's communications manager, and she now handles the chamber's websites, media relations, publications, social media and leisure travel marketing.
"What I'm doing now is what I've always wanted to do, but I have an opportunity to work in travel," the Billings native said. "It's lots of fun."
Describe how you got where you are in your work today:.
I was fortunate enough to hear about a new opportunity with the Billings Chamber/CVB in my last semester of college. I applied for the open position, but was not selected for it. I am grateful, though, that the organization saw something in me and chose to create a position for me to begin in. Five years and three positions later, I am doing exactly what I love to do for an organization and a community I am sincerely passionate about. The leadership within the Billings Chamber/CVB has always looked for the strengths within their employees and works to create positions that work toward those strengths. My current position as communications manager was created for me as a result of a proposal I made suggesting the position to not only work to my strengths but to create efficiencies for our organization.
What's the toughest challenge that you have faced in your business?
Balancing the eyes and mind of the consumer/member with my marketing, advertising and communications. Striking a balance between the latest and greatest marketing tool and what the real needs for communicating with our client base can be difficult.
What did you learn from that challenge?
I've learned that being new and cutting edge isn't always the right approach. It's better to create a complete and appropriate message geared toward the client than to latch on to the newest tools and techniques.
If you could make one positive change in Billings, what would it be?
I would resolve the issues with the school district. A healthy and productive educational system is one of a community's most important foundations. Ours has struggled for years and the need for change and improvement is dire. I closely follow the work currently taking place and look for opportunities to get involved in the changes on the horizon.
Aside from profit and loss, how do you measure success in your job?
It's based on knowledge and recognition among our membership and the community. I am tasked with sharing the broad variety of messages our organization has to share. I'm doing my job well when people tell us they read about what we are doing or saw something we are working on out in the media sphere.
Which living person do you most admire?
My grandmother. She is confident, intelligent, caring, graceful, warm, gracious and beautiful. She means the world to me, and I will have achieved wonderful things in my life if I can be half the woman that she is.
What do you consider your greatest accomplishment?
My daughter. May be cliché, but I just can't top that.
I'm happiest when I'm…
Relaxing with my family.


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master series: rachael taylor
June 23, 2014
the roost tribe is excited to welcome rachael taylor to the master series as she joins us to discuss "taking risks and designing your way!". rachael and i connected several years ago, when i was also able to take her groundbreaking surface pattern design e-course, 'the art and business of surface pattern design'. i highly recommend it! (you can see my alumni success story here!).
rachael is a super fun and energetic surface pattern designer and illustrator from britain who creates 'patterns to make you happy'! rachael has been lucky enough to work for a number of prestigious clients worldwide and also runs her own design label along with successfully licensing a number of global branded collections. you can find her designs on fashion, home decors, greetings, gadgets and ceramics.
rachael has also just released a beautiful new book, 20 ways to draw a doodle'! it is the perfect creative book and resource for illustrators, cartoonists, doodlers and anyone who loves to sketch. rachael's success has also led her to the new ventures of, 'make it in design', 'MOYO magazine' and 'the MOYO directory'.
if you've ever dreamt of seeing your designs on stationery, homewares, fabric, wallpaper etc, the design school featuring the art and business of surface pattern design is for you! the course takes you from sketch to pattern design to product in four modules. the next course begins this october- find out more and register here!
rachael elsewhere: web | twitter | instagram | facebook
so come join the roost tribe and get your learn on! join anytime this month to receive rachael's article on "taking risks and designing your way!".
what is the roost tribe? the roost tribe is a membership that welcomes you to a family of creatives for just $5 a month. by joining, you'll become a part of an incredibly inspirational community. members receive a welcome packet with several informational e-books covering blog growth, pitching your products, writing product descriptions, going home to roost's creative story and a list of top industry resources. additionally, each month members receive printables, patterns, illustrations & clipart, a plant based recipe, adobe illustrator tutorial, iphone & desktop background, special guest articles on creative topics and more all delivered right to their inbox!
wrap up: {master} {rachael taylor} {roost tribe} {series} {surface pattern design}


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Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
I am married for the second time to a wonderful man. Together we have three teenage boys. I love gardening and cooking.
My kids bought me 'Mastering the Art of French Cooking' after we saw the Julia Child movie. I have been into trying new recipes from it (not the creepy-stalker, obsessive way the girl in the movie did!< j/k>). I have even had success with lobster thermidor! Maybe I'll start wearing pearls! (movie reference if you haven't seen it)
stuff from my garden, seafood, anything fresh and homemade.


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Two New Oral Insulins on the Horizon
Emisphere Technologies Inc., of Tarrytown, New Jersey announced the results of three phase I studies for two new medications for the oral delivery of insulin. Representatives, who presented the data at Investor Day In New York City and released a written statement on September 7, said the trials showed that the drugs were successfully absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and significantly reduced blood glucose levels in study subjects.
"We are extremely excited about the data from all three studies," said Alan C. Moses, MD, chief medical officer and senior vice president, Joslin Diabetes Center, during the presentation. "Besides demonstrating insulin absorption in the gastrointenstinal tract, the studies were able to demonstrate a reduction in blood sugar levels. If oral insulin can be developed successfully, it will provide patients with diabetes a highly desirable option for insulin delivery that can be used early in type 2 diabetes and that can be used in combination with a single long-acting injection of insulin in type 1 diabetes."
Click Here To View Or Post CommentsCategories: Blood Glucose, Blood Sugar, Diabetes, Diabetes, Insulin, Medications Research, Research, Type 1 Issues, Type 2 Issues


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Welcome to New Jersey's State Parks, Forests and Historic Sites
To purchase a NJ State Park Pass, please visit your nearest State park office or apply by mail through our Central Office.
January 28, 2015 Restoration of Fisherman's Walkway at Island Beach State Park Completed
December 22, 2014 Christie Administration Invites State Residents to Join in "First Day Hikes" and Other Free Events at State Parks and Natural Areas Across New Jersey
December 22, 2014 Popular Annual Re-enactment of Washington's Crossing of the Delaware Slated for Christmas Day
December 10, 2014 Holiday Ceremonies Honoring Veterans at Finns Point Cemetery and Fort Mott State Park in Salem County
December 3, 2014 Ringwood State Park and Skylands Manor Are Home to Several Holiday Events Starting This Weekend
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This new translation of Boccaccio's De mulieribus claris is the first book to be published in Harvard University Press's new series, the I Tatti Renaissance Library. The stated aim of the series is to "mak[e] available to a broad readership the major literary, historical, philosophical, and scientific works of the Italian Renaissance written in Latin," and Brown's edition of the Famous Women is an excellent choice for the first volume to be published in this series, as it is of considerable interest to Boccaccio specialists and a more general scholarly audience alike. Surprisingly, this is only the second complete English translation of the De mulieribus claris ever to be published, the first appearing as recently as 1963.
Brown's book has been reviewed previously by Vittorio Zaccaria in Studi sul Boccaccio. Zaccaria's review largely concentrates on textual variants in the Latin text and explicitly does not seek to consider the book as English translation. In consequence, the main purpose of my review will be to consider the work in these terms.1 I will begin my review with a survey of the history of the text in English translation, and then proceed to a discussion of the volume itself.
The initial composition of the De mulieribus claris has been dated to the period 1361-62, although it seems likely that Boccaccio continued to revise the text until his death in 1375.2 The book appears to have been an immediate success, to judge by the high number of manuscripts in circulation in the latter part of the Trecento, and was almost immediately translated into the Italian vernacular.3 The editio princeps was printed at Ulm by Johann Zainer in 1473, the first of Boccaccio's texts to be published in an illustrated edition (GW 4483);4 in the same year the Zainer press also published an illustrated German version, translated by Heinrich Steinhöwel (GW 4486). Further incunabulum editions of the Latin text followed in 1474-75 in Strasburg (GW 4484), and 1487 in Louvain (GW 4485). Several translations were also printed, for example, German translations in Augsburg in 1479 (GW 4487) and Strasburg in 1488 (GW 4488); the French translation of 1493 in Paris (GW 4490); and the Spanish translation printed in Zaragoza in 1494 (GW 4491). It is interesting to note that no Italian translation of the text was printed until 1506, in Venice.5
As can be seen by the very high number of manuscripts and print editions in circulation during the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries, there was a large and immediate demand for Boccaccio's biographies of women. This phenomenon was no less marked in the English language tradition than in other European cultures. The first English translation of part of the De mulieribus claris can be found in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, where his translation of the biography of Zenobia (Chapter C) forms part of the Monk's Tale.
The first English translation proper of the De mulieribus is an anonymous verse translation, which has been dated to 1440-50.6 The Middle English text is written in seven-line Chaucerian stanzas, but only twenty-one lives are translated, along with the authorial prologue and conclusion.7 The first ten lives follow the ordering of Boccaccio's Latin text (Eve, Semiramis, Opis, Juno, Ceres, Minerva, Venus, Isis, Europa, and Libya), but the next eleven are selected from the following forty-five chapters, and do not seem to conform to any particular theme: we find a pair of Sibyls (Erythraea and Almathea), notorious women from classical literature (Circe, Manto, and Medea), queens (Camilla, Tamyris, and Artemisia), and three women famous for their artistic and intellectual skills (Sappho, Carmenta, and Tamaris).8
The next English-language version of the De mulieribus claris was written by Henry Parker, Lord Morley, an intellectual in the court of Henry VIII.9 Morley's text, entitled 'Of the ryghte renoumyde ladyes' was dedicated and presented to the King, and the manuscript is still extant, although in a private collection.10 Morley's text is not a complete translation, comprising only the first forty-six of the one hundred and six chapters of the original text (up to chapter 48 according to Brown's ordering of the text). Boccaccio's dedication to Andrea Acciaiuoli is replaced by Morley's own dedication to Henry, but he preserves Boccaccio's own preface to the work. The translation concludes with the biography of Lucretia, the epitome of female purity, who, after having been raped by Sextus, committed suicide rather than dishonour her family by the act.
This English translation provides a curious footnote to one of the more notorious events of Henry's reign. It has been suggested that the biographies selected by Parker appear to condone the punishment of female promiscuity, and as such, this translation can be seen as a response to the adultery and execution of Henry's wife Catherine Howard.11 Morley's own daughter, Lady Rochford, was one of Catherine's ladies-in-waiting, and was executed alongside her mistress for the crime of abetting her adultery.12 Morley's translation should thus be seen as a highly political, not to say personal, document, given that the text was probably produced within a year or two of his own daughter's execution for high treason. To present such a collection of biographies of famous and infamous women to the cuckolded king was an act of considerable bravery, and one which manifestly demonstrated the superiority of the homosocial bond between king and courtier over the blood bond between father and daughter. By concluding the translation with the example of Lucretia, Morley explicitly uses Boccaccio's text to underline his approval of Henry's action in executing his wife and Morley's daughter for the (apparently) political good of the realm.13
After Morley's translation, there were no further English versions of the De mulieribus until Guido A. Guarino's 1963 translation.14 It is hard to believe that the very first complete translation of this text into English did not appear until this date, almost five hundred years after its first appearance in a European vernacular. (As previously mentioned, the first German translation was published at Ulm in 1473, the same year as the editio princeps.) Unfortunately, Guarino based his translation on the 1539 Bern edition, whose text was derived from an earlier redaction of the manuscript than that used by Zaccaria for his critical edition.15 The textual unreliability of the Bern edition can be seen in the fact that the editor added an extra biography before Queen Giovanna, that of 'Brynhild, Queen of France' (which was derived from Boccaccio's De casibus virorum illustrium). Guarino omits the extra biography in his translation, mentioning it in a note, but, as is typical of his translation, fails to note its source.16 Like his predecessors, Guarino's comments on the style of his translation reveal the sexual mores and assumptions of his time, in his case the early 1960s. His analysis of the problem of voicing betrays a comically reductive view of female behaviour: "It would be incongruous to have a goddess speak as if she were chatting while holding a glass at a cocktail party, or noble Lucretia proclaim her determination and love of chastity as if she were a secretary reading the minutes at a board meeting"!17
Because of the problems with the Latin text, Guarino's translation is considered to contain numerous mistaken readings and textual inaccuracies. Overall, it is a straightforwardly readable book, but clearly more suited to a general audience than to the Boccaccio specialist. One point of particular interest in this edition, however, is the inclusion of reproductions of the original woodcuts which accompanied the text in the 1539 Bern edition (although this fact is not mentioned anywhere in the book). The modern book reproduces the printer's colophon on the title page, and includes all but one of the illustrations, in their correct place in the text.18
In keeping with the aims of the I Tatti Renaissance Library, Virginia Brown's new translation contains a rigorous critical apparatus alongside the text. Brown supplies a detailed introduction, which summarizes some of the principal critical literature to date. This feature is particularly useful for the English-speaking audience, who may safely rely on the information she provides without having to struggle with sources written in languages other than English. It is worth summarizing the topics covered here. Brown begins with the manuscript history and fortuna of the text (pp. xii-xiv), based on Zaccaria's work in his 1967-70 Mondadori critical edition.19 (However, Zaccaria himself notes in his recent review of this book that Brown does not take into account his subsequent discoveries in the manuscript tradition.20) This is followed by a discussion of the dedication to Andrea Acciaiuoli and the dating of the text (pp. xiv-xvi). Brown then provides a survey of the text and its literary and historical sources (pp. xvi-xviii), and comments on the perennial critical issue of Boccaccio's view of women (pp. xviii-xx). The Introduction concludes with a summary of the text's bibliographical and translation history (pp. xx-xxii).
The end matter of Brown's edition also contains additional critical material: a Note on the Text, where she describes the translation, followed by the Notes, the critical apparatus. This is necessarily very short in comparison with Zaccaria's edition, but supplies essential information on Boccaccio's sources and some aspects of the text. The Notes are followed by a short but relatively thorough critical Bibliography (pp. 505-09). This comprises a list of the various print editions of the De mulieribus claris, in Latin and translated into various European vernaculars; and a partially annotated selection of secondary material pertaining to the text. The end matter concludes with the Index (pp. 511-30) which cross-references the English forms of proper names with the Latin where necessary.
The Latin text of the Famous Women reproduces that established by Zaccaria, with facing page English translation. Structurally, the organization of the text shows marked similarities to Boccaccio's best known work, the Decameron. The Famous Women comprises the Dedication, Preface, the one hundred and six biographies, and an authorial Conclusion. Given Boccaccio's fondness for formal architectural schemes, it seems likely that the Famous Women was envisaged at one time as a collection of one hundred biographies, which would reflect his narrative scheme employed in the Decameron and in other lesser-known works such as the Amorosa visione. In fact, a study of the various editorial phases of the composition of the text shows at no stage a grouping of exactly one hundred chapters;21 nonetheless, the importance of this model can be seen in the fact that the autograph manuscript contains one hundred and six lives, exactly one hundred of which are women from the ancient or classical world, and with only six moderns. As has been noted, several of the biographies show narrative similarities with tales from the Decameron. This can be seen most clearly in the biography of Paulina (XCI) and the tale of Lisetta and Frate Alberto (Dec. IV.2), where both the gullible female protagonists are tricked into having sex with a mortal who claims to be a supernatural being.22 In another interesting correspondence, in his conclusion to the Famous Women, Boccaccio anticipates the arguments of his supposed detractors in order to refute their criticisms, just as he does in the authorial conclusion to the Decameron.
To conclude, I would like to compare Brown's translation with the preceding translation by Guarino. This type of comparative assessment will necessarily be subjective, but I will attempt to assess the success of the translations through a direct comparison of several passages taken from different parts of the book. Unlike a work such as the Decameron, there is very little variation in stylistic register within the Famous Women, and thus I have decided to compare the translations of three passages which each characterize a certain type of Boccaccio's writing. The first one is taken from the authorial framework of the text and is a sample of his highest register; the second is a sample of his typical biographical style; and the third demonstrates his exhortative style when reworking a literary topos.
The first example is taken from Boccaccio's dedication to Andrea Acciaiuoli: "Pridie, mulierum egregia, paululum ab inerti vulgo semotus et a ceteris fere solutus curis, in eximiam muliebris sexus laudem ac amicorum solatium, potius quam in magnum rei publice commodum, libellum scripsi" (FW, Ded., 1).23
Guarino: "Some time ago, illustrious lady, while away from the crude multitudes and almost free of other concerns, I wrote a little book in praise of women, more for the pleasure of my friends than as a service to humanity" (p. xxxiii).
Brown: "A short time ago, gracious lady, at a moment when I was able to isolate myself from the idle mob and was nearly carefree, I wrote — more for my friends' pleasure than for the benefit of the broader public — a slim volume in praise of women" (p. 3).
Brown's translation of this passage is generally more elegant in its pacing and lexical choice. Her language is more fluent and colloquial in its usage, without striking any incongruous notes: e.g., "idle mob" in place of "crude multitudes"; "the benefit of the broader public" in place of "a service to humanity." However, I prefer Guarino's rendering of "libellum" as "little book," rather than Brown's "slim volume." Boccaccio's "libellum" recalls the previous use of this term in Dante's Vita Nuova, surely for Boccaccio the canonical work in praise of a woman par excellence.24
The second example is taken from the concluding paragraph of the biography of Lucretia: "Infelix equidem pulcritudo eius et tanto clarius, nunquam satis laudata, pudicitia sua dignis preconiis extollenda est, quanto acrius ingesta vi ignominia expiata; cum ex eadem non solum reintegratum sit decus, quod feditate facinoris iuvenis labefactarat ineptus, sed consecuta sit romana libertas" (FW, XLVIII, 9).
Guarino: "Hers was an unfortunate beauty. She cleansed her shame harshly, and for this reason she should be exalted with worthy praise for her chastity, which can never be sufficiently lauded. Because of her action, not only was her reputation restored, which a lewd young man had tried to destroy with the stain of sin, but Rome was made free" (p. 103).
Brown: "Hers was an unfortunate beauty. Her purity, which can never be sufficiently commended, should be extolled all the more highly as she expiated with such severity the ignominy thrust violently upon her. Her action not only restored the reputation that a dissolute young man had destroyed with his filthy crime, but led ultimately to freedom for Rome" (p. 199).
Guarino succeeds in conveying the general sense of the passage, but his language almost suggests that Lucretia was in part responsible for the rape inflicted upon her (as, for example, in the construction "she cleansed her shame harshly"). Brown's rendering of the passage conveys a less judgmental tone, and de-sanitizes the act of rape through her use of the phrase "the ignominy thrust violently upon her." In addition, Brown's punctuation allows the text to proceed in a logical manner, while Guarino's multi-claused sentences create a disjunction in the narrative flow and a certain confusion in the sense.
The final passage which I will consider is an example of Boccaccio's exhortative style, in this case as he reworks an antifeminist topos at the conclusion of the biography of the exemplary widow, Pompeia Paulina: "Heu miseri, quo nostri corruere mores? Consuevere veteres, quibus erat pronus in sanctitatem animus, ignominiosum arbitrari, nedum septimas, sed secundas inisse nuptias; nec posse de cetero tales honestis iure misceri matronis. Hodierne longe aliter; nam libidinosam pruriginem reticentes suam, formosiores carioresque se existimantes, quoniam crebris sponsalitiis, viduitatis superata fortuna, totiens placuerint maritis variis" (FW, XCIV, 10-11).
Guarino: "Alas, how wretched we are! To what depths have our morals fallen! The ancients, whose spirit was prone to saintliness, were accustomed to think it shameful to marry a second time, not to speak of a seventh, and they thought that such women should not righteously mingle with honest women. But the women of our day are quite different. For they conceal their lust and think they are more beautiful and esteemed because, having overcome the fortunes of widowhood with their frequent marriages, they have pleased so many husbands" (p. 213).
Brown: "Alas, what wretches we are! To what depths have our morals plunged! The ancients, who were naturally inclined to purity, used to regard a second marriage as disgraceful, much less a seventh; they also held that after remarriage it was wrong to permit such women to mingle with respectable wives. The women of our day are quite different. They conceal their itching lust and think they are more beautiful and beloved for having pleased so often the various husbands of their frequent marriages and for having overcome the misfortune of widowhood" (p. 403).
Once again, Guarino's prose is less elegant and more disjointed than that of Brown. His translation is much more literal, leading sometimes to the effect of a loss of meaning. This can be seen most clearly here by his rendering of "quibus erat pronus in sanctitatem animus" as "whose spirit was prone to saintliness," which lacks the simplicity and significance of Brown's phrase "who were naturally inclined to purity." In addition, the fact that he begins a sentence with the subordinating conjunction "for" adds to the clumsiness of this passage. Brown's inclusion of the word "itching" in her translation of "libidinosam pruriginem" (omitted by Guarino), adds greatly to the sense of invective and recalls the rabid condemnations of female lust of the misogynist authors of the antifeminist canon.
In conclusion, Brown's translation of the De mulieribus claris is a superb achievement. In terms of prose style and accuracy, the translation is clearly superior to that provided in the only previous complete translation, and the critical apparatus is an excellent and reliable tool for the specialist and non-specialist alike. Two textual errors in the bibliography should, however, be noted. As I have already mentioned, Brown omits the first Italian translation of 1506 from the list of editions. In addition, a cryptic typographical note remains after the reference to the Branca/Zaccaria article in the Varia section: "(Los Angeles, Private Collection, S.N.)." This may well be a reference to the location of the manuscript, but adds little to the reference. These small quibbles aside, I have only the highest praise for this volume, which should remain a model for scholarly translation.
1 See Vittorio Zaccaria, review of Famous Women, in Studi sul Boccaccio, 30 (2002), 358-60. [back]
2 See Pier Giorgio Ricci, "Studi sulle opere latine e volgari del Boccaccio," Rinascimento 10 (1959): 3-12 ("1. Un autografo del De mulieribus claris"); 12-21 ("2. Le fasi redazionali del De mulieribus claris"). Reprinted, with some modifications, in P. G. Ricci, Studi sulla vita e le opere del Boccaccio (Milan and Naples: Ricciardi, 1985) 115-35. For an overview of the manuscript history, see Zaccaria's notes to his edition (pp. 455-59), and Brown's Introduction to her translation, pp. xii-xiv. [back]
3 In the late Trecento, the text was translated into Italian by Donato degli Albanzani and fra Antonio di S. Lupidio (Brown, p. xxi). Donato's translation was finally published in the nineteenth century: Volgarizzamento di Maestro Donato da Casentino dell'opera di messer Boccaccio De claris mulieribus, rinvenuto in un codice del XIV secolo dell'Archivio cassinese, ed. L. Tosti, 2nd edition, Biblioteca scelta di opere italiane antiche e moderne, 426 (Milan: G. Silvestri, 1841). See also G. Manzoni, Le donne famose di Giovanni Boccaccio traduzione di M. Donato degli Albanzani (Bologna: G. Romagnoli, 1881). [back]
4 All references to incunabula are taken from the Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke (Leipzig: Hiersemann, 1925-). [back]
5 The British Library catalogue describes this edition as: "L'Opera de misser Giouanni Boccacio de mulieribus claris [Translated by Vincentio Bagli. With woodcuts] [...] Z. de Trino, chiamato Tacuino: Venetia, 1506" (British Library 10603. d. 5). Unfortunately, Brown omits this first Italian printed translation from her bibliography of editions, p. 506. [back]
6 A manuscript is preserved in the British Library (BL Add. MS 10304), described thus: "Boccacio's [sic] treatise de Claris Mulieribus, translated into English verse, in seven-line stanzas. Partly on vellum, partly on paper, of the XVth century. Quarto." Additions to the Manuscripts of the British Museum in MDCCCXXXVI- MDCCCXL (London: George Woodfall and Son, 1843) 28. There also exists a print edition edited by G. Schliech, Die mittelenglische Umdichtung von Boccaccios De claris mulieribus, nebst der lateinischen Vorlage (Leipzig: Mayer & Miller, 1924). The dating of 1440-50 is suggested by Josef Raith in his book Boccaccio in der englischen Literatur von Chaucer bis Painters Palace of Pleasure (Munich: R. Noske, 1936) 74. [back]
7 For a fuller discussion of this translation, see H. G. Wright, Boccaccio in England from Chaucer to Tennyson (London: Athlone Press, 1957) 28-32. [back]
8 The remaining biographies in order are Camilla (Brown XXXIX); Erythraea (XXI); Almathea (XXVI); Circe (XXXVIII); Medea (XVII); Manto (XXX); Sappho (XLVII); Carmenta (XXVII); Tamyris (XLIX); Tamaris (LVI); and Artemisia (LVII). [back]
9 The complete text of Morley's translation has been published: Forty-six Lives, translated from Boccaccio's De claris mulieribus by Henry Parker, Lord Morley, ed. by H. G. Wright (London: Early English Texts Society, 1943). Wright concludes that Morley used as the basis for his translation the 1487 Latin text published at Louvain by Egidius van der Heerstraten (GW 4485), and supplies the parallel Latin text of this edition alongside Morley's translation: Wright, Forty-six Lives, p. lxx. [back]
10 "Chatsworth, Devonshire Collection MS. 'Of the ryghte renoumyde ladyes.' [...] i + 47 + i leaves. 245 x 195 (185 x 138) mm. Ruled for 31 ll. per page. Vellum. 1542-46/7 (Henry is 'of ... Irelonde Kynge'). Heavily cropped. Leaf missing between fols 3 + 4. Written in anglicana format by C. Strapwork initials with scrollwork and grotesques, animals or flowers on almost every folio. The royal monogram HRVIII is found in the scrollwork of the capital T on fol. Ir; the scrollwork of the capital M on fol. 12v contains the first words of the Angelical Salutation: aue maria gratia. Text ends fol. 47r 10." James P. Carley, 'The Writings of Henry Parker, Lord Morley. A Bibliographical Survey', in 'Triumphs of English': Henry Parker, Lord Morley, Translator to the Tudor Court. New Essays in Interpretation, ed. by Marie Axton and James P. Carley (London: The British Library, 2000) 31. [back]
11 Carley 43. [back]
12 See James Simpson, "The Sacrifice of Lady Rochford. Henry Parker, Lord Morley's Translation of De claris mulieribus." in Triumphs of English, 154. [back]
13 Simpson, pp. 164-65. [back]
14 Giovanni Boccaccio, Concerning Famous Women, trans. by Guido A. Guarino (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1963). [back]
15 Brown, p. 477. This edition is described in the British Library catalogue thus: "Ioannis Boccatii ... de claris mulieribus. [With woodcuts.] ff. 81. M. Apiarius: Bernae, 1539. fol." (BL 612. l. 5 (l.)). [back]
16 Guarino 247. See also Wright, Forty-six Lives, p. lxv, note 4. [back]
17 Guarino xxxi-xxxii. I will confine myself to the comment that the majority of Boccaccio's subjects, if transplanted out of their historical period, would be more likely to be chairing the board meeting than reading the minutes. [back]
18 Guarino's edition omits the woodcut which accompanies the biography of Tamaris, Daughter of Micon (Brown LVI). However, in the Bern text, the illustration which accompanies this chapter is the same as that which accompanies the biography of the other Tamyris, the Queen of Scythia (Brown XLIX), and can be seen on page 104 of Guarino's edition. [back]
19 Giovanni Boccaccio, De mulieribus claris, ed. and trans. by Vittorio Zaccaria, in Tutte le opere di Giovanni Boccaccio (Milan: Mondadori, 1964-) 10, 2nd ed. (1970). [back]
20 The articles in question are Guglielmo Zappacosta, "Per il testo del De mulieribus claris," Studi sul Boccaccio VII (1973): 239-45, and Zaccaria's response: "Ancora sul De mulieribus claris," Studi sul Boccaccio VII (1973): 247-70. [back]
21 See Zaccaria, Note, pp. 458-59, and Ricci, "Le fasi redazionali del 'De mulieribus claris.'" [back]
22 For a discussion of the narrative similarities between the two texts, see Guarino, pp. xvi-xxii. [back]
23 The Latin is quoted from Brown's volume, and therefore does not always correspond to the text used by Guarino. I have compared the two texts, however, and in the passages under discussion here, the Bern edition differs from Brown's text only in the matter of archaic spellings and the inclusion of abbreviations. [back]
24 "Sotto la quale rubrica io trovo scritto le parole le quali è mio intendimento d'assemplare in questo libello": Vita Nuova, I. In the most recent English translation of the Vita Nuova, by Mark Musa, "libello" is indeed rendered as "little book." [back]
guyda armstrong
brown university


text:
Clin d'oeil
Editors: Imin Pao, Tzuchan Shen.
Forward: Lawrence Zeegan
Pub - BIS:2004
Nine spreads of my work appeared in this anthology of
modern illustration including some unpublished experimental work
that the editors showed real faith in to publish here.
'Clin d'oeil focuses on 44 of the most influential and upcoming contemporary illustrators. It shows how these internationally renowned illustrators have set new standards and triggered major trends in the world of illustration, and reveals their particular sources of inspiration their thoughts and works.'


text:
Shower Curtain London Underground from Bodie and Fou
Plan your commute while taking a shower with this London Underground Shower Curtain from Bodie and Fou, £45.
For most people (well, most London dwellers), the London Underground is a daily headache of delays and cancellations.
But, as one of the capital's best known institutions, the Tube has long been an inspiration for interiors, from reproduction moquette cushions to vintage travel posters.
I love this London Underground Shower Curtain from Bodie and Fou which features a map of all the Tube lines.
Perfect for adding some colour and interest to a plain bathroom, this shower curtain offers the ideal way to plan your journey before even leaving the house!
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text:
Spending an evening with Philadelphia Weekly! Locals came out to sample an appetizing assortment of over 30 of the city's most delectable restaurants. They learned how to cook their own delicious dishes from top chefs and enjoyed a night created for all five senses!
Concert in the Park Aug. 20 2014
Posted 8/22/14
Concert in the Park Aug. 13 2014
Posted 8/20/14
Drink City Live Revolution House
Posted 7/14/14
Art for the Cash Poor 2014
Posted 6/17/14
PBW Opening Tap 2014
Posted 6/16/14
Drink City 4 Fathers
Posted 5/12/14


text:
Full title reads: "SCOUT ASSEMBLY - At Windsor Castle to attend Service in St. George's Chapel."
Windsor Castle, Berkshire.
Thousands of scouts marching through Windsor towards he castle - people looking on. Scouts marching to the Chapel of St. George.
Lady Baden Powell addresses the scouts in front of the Chapel, two priest standing on the side. She talks about this event being the new inspiration for the scouts and how pleased everyone is with them.
Scouts give her three cheers. Scouts marching out of Windsor Castle.


text:
PROVIDENCE — On his first day back with the Providence Bruins after a 22-game stint in the NHL, Ryan Spooner was willing but not really able to go to work alongside his AHL teammates.
Spooner, who has been ill, was given the day off from practice at the Dunkin' Donuts Center. He said he weighed 172 pounds on Wednesday morning, down from 185 before he got sick.
The speedy center — who celebrates his 22nd birthday on Thursday — was given word of his demotion at lunch on Tuesday with Don Sweeney, Boston's assistant general manager.
"He basically said, 'You produced. We're not disappointed about that.' But he said that a team with as much depth as they have, they expect a little bit more consistency out of me in my own end. As a younger guy, that's something you're going to go through, something that I need to learn. For me, it's also realizing the grind that it is up there, adapting to it and looking after myself," said Spooner, who is expected to play for the P-Bruins this weekend.
"Being up there opened my eyes a little bit on some of my weaknesses. That was good for me to learn and I'll come back here and try to work on those. I'm not really too worried now about whether they call me back up or not — that would be great — but I'm just going to work on what they told me.
Faceoffs, closing on opponents in the defensive zone, and taking the puck to the net are the areas in which he needs to improve, said Spooner, who had no goals and 11 assists with Boston. Recalled on Dec. 7 after Chris Kelly was hurt, he averaged 12:44 per game in ice time and won around 40 percent of his faceoffs.
"The last four or five games, I was not feeling the best, but before that I was a little more confident with the puck and making some plays. Obviously, when it comes to scoring up there, I need to take the puck to the net and believe in myself a little bit more that I can do that. I'm going to work on that here, try to get pucks to the net as much as I can.
"[David] Krejci was sent down a couple of times [before he stuck in the NHL]. He's a good example for me. I look at him and he's a great player now. He figured it out, but it took him some time, too. I'm just going to try to be patient with it and try not to get down on myself. It's kind of easy to do that. To say, 'Oh, I'm not good enough to play there. They sent me down.'
"But they've got such a great hockey team. They rely on their centermen a lot for faceoffs. Being a younger guy and struggling on the dot, it's tough for them to protect me. Especially getting to the end of the year [when the games are more important]."
He indicated that going home to Ottawa to rest instead of playing in the American Hockey League All-Star Classic in St. John's, Newfoundland, on Feb. 12, is a possibility.
"The most important thing for me right now is getting healthy, and looking at the bigger picture. I'm not sure what's going to happen with [the All-Star Game]. We'll see."
On Twitter: @MarkDivver


text:
Copyranter's selection of the "sketchiest lawyer billboards" [via AtL]
"Ever argued with a woman?"
{ 3 comments }
- 1 12.08.11 at 12:02 pm
If a man speaks in the forest and no women hears him, is he still wrong?
- 2 12.09.11 at 8:56 am
I see the "ever argue with a woman" billboard occasionally, but that isn't the creepiest. John Morgan of Morgan and Morgan here in Central Florida has billboards up with John in a Santa outfit, and 2 dogs with reindeer outfits on. I'm already afraid of clowns, and now I'm afraid I'll get sued by Santa.
- 3 12.09.11 at 11:31 am
I would delete this post. One of these billboards is on here because the guy has a patch on his eye. Mean spirited.
Comments on this entry are closed.


text:
Coleridge combined the genius of a poet with the mind of a philosophical critic.
His writings are wide-ranging in form and content, and vast in number. Norton's long-awaited edition is the most comprehensive and user-friendly student edition available. Supporting apparatus includes detailed headnotes, footnotes (both Coleridge's and the editors'), biographical register, glossary, and an index of poems and first lines.


text:
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Win a Pandaren Monk from WoW Insider {WoW}
Nov 23rd 2010 1:26PM Me please!
BlizzCon 2010 exclusive pet Deathy still has no custom emotes and sounds {WoW}
Oct 26th 2010 10:11PM Thank you! Now I can bring out my corehound pup again. I missed him, but those noises irritated me so much.
BlizzCon 2010 exclusive pet Deathy still has no custom emotes and sounds {WoW}
Oct 25th 2010 10:24PM There's an addon that shuts non-combat pets up? OMG! What is it? What is it?
Known issues with Patch 4.0.1 {WoW}
Oct 12th 2010 7:12PM It's a bug bug ;-)
Thank you! Thank you! I'll be here all week. Remember to tip your servers.
Cataclysm Beta: Guild ranks can be set to require authenticator {WoW}
Sep 15th 2010 9:13AM In my guild, hacked toons are demoted to a rank that has no access to the GB as soon as officers are informed of the hacking or if they notice abnormal activity in the GB. They're not restored to their previous rank until the accounts are restored to their legal owners. In this way, they probably wouldn't promote you if you don't get an authenticator. If it doesn't work like this in your guild, it probably should.
Bigpoint announces key characters in Battlestar Galactica Online {Massively}
Aug 14th 2010 2:30PM And Starbuck should have been one too, not ... whatever it was that she turned out to be.
Cataclysm screenshot of the day {WoW}
Aug 5th 2010 10:00PM Me too!


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The Observatory
The end of Modern Farmer?
An award-winning magazine struggles to connect with readers
By Anna Clark Jan 23, 2015 at 05:26 PM
Modern Farmer, the stylish quarterly that tried to mix cosmopolitan glamour with a back-to-the-land ethos, is ceasing publication one month... More
Database may uncover conflicts of interest for TV doctors
Free lunches, paid speaking gigs & free drug samples are often not disclosed by media physicians
By Paul D. Thacker Jan 23, 2015 at 06:50 AM
Last September, the federal government rolled out a website that offered a searchable database of the $3.5 billion in payments... More
The Texas school board isn't as powerful as you think
Its textbook clout has waned but reporters are still writing as though it hasn't
By Anna Clark Dec 1, 2014 at 06:50 AM
Moses was a major political influence on the Founding Fathers? Scientists "disagree about what is causing climate change"? And they... More
Will radio save science journalism?
WNYC will soon have a new health unit
By Anna Clark Nov 18, 2014 at 06:50 AM
In hiring a brand-new health journalism staff, WNYC may be one of the only news outlets in the country that... More
Climate change coverage at a crossroads in Australia
Conservative news outlets News Corp and Fairfax Media tend to control the message
By Thuy Ong Nov 11, 2014 at 06:50 AM
Australia is entering what meteorologists are predicting will be another sweltering summer, with October already experiencing its hottest day on... More
A digital transformation for Science
In transitioning to a new magazine model, the publication's challenges are familiar
By Anna Clark Nov 2, 2014 at 02:50 PM
You might call it a scientific experiment. One hundred and thirty-five years after its launch, Science is going from print-centric... More
BP's aggressive PR strategy obfuscates facts
The company's flack blurs lines between journalism and company mission
By Alexis Sobel Fitts Oct 29, 2014 at 01:05 PM
.@MorrellGeoff's piece in @Politico is no different than any other op-ed by any other company in any other publication— State... More
Why media probably shouldn't name Ebola victims
Ebola's made its American sufferers famous—but what do we gain with personal details?
By Alexis Sobel Fitts Oct 21, 2014 at 06:50 AM
By the time the video of Nina Pham was released last week, most Americans were likely familiar with her name--and... More
Here's how to produce strong Ebola stories
The most effective coverage of the first American case has stemmed from the steady hands of experienced—and highly credible—federal medical leaders as well as health and science specialty beat reporters
By Cristine Russell Oct 6, 2014 at 05:00 PM
The first American case of Ebola, diagnosed last week in Dallas, TX, was a real-time test for government officials seeking... More
Has climate change become a business story?
The cost of brushing science aside
By Robert S. Eshelman Sep 2, 2014 at 12:00 AM
One of the more robust periods of study in the modern history of climate change has taken place this... More
The media's growing interest in how animals think
The more divorced we become from animals in our daily lives, the more we want to look at them online
By Alexis Sobel Fitts Aug 19, 2014 at 06:50 AM
Tip the elephant arrived in New York to accolades and fanfare--until things went wrong. A few years into his stay... More
A long-time science reporter wrote a questionable book on genetics. Can we trust his other work?
The case of Nicholas Wade and reporting on a lively field with a dishonorable past
By Chris Ip Jul 17, 2014 at 06:53 AM
In the 10 weeks since veteran science journalist Nicholas Wade penned a book claiming that genetic difference between the races... More
The newest tool in teaching about climate change: the weatherman
A South Carolina pilot project expands
By Alexis Sobel Fitts Jul 2, 2014 at 11:00 AM
In March of 2013, CJR awarded a laurel to a meteorologist in the midst of a promising project: Jim Gandy,... More
As Congress scolded him, Dr. Oz launched a magazine
The Good Life is less inflammatory than the doctor's television show, but the line between ad and editorial is murky
By Alexis Sobel Fitts Jun 26, 2014 at 03:00 PM
Journalists have delighted in tearing into Dr. Mehmet Oz this week, after a Senate hearing shamed the daytime television personality... More
Narrating climate change
Incremental journalism isn't driving home the dire state of the climate to the public, so researchers and outlets are trying to reach them through a shift in storytelling
By Alexis Sobel Fitts Jun 19, 2014 at 03:00 PM
In late April, the Yale Forum on Climate and the Media, an independent group publishing reported stories, analysis, and opinion... More
Virginian-Pilot journalists: Corporate management pressure is stifling coverage - "Lovers of journalism in this newsroom are pissed. It's bad."
Paper files public records request—and city's response is a lawsuit - Local officials argue Montana courts should strike balance between privacy and disclosure
BBC Pop-Up reports from small town America - A small team is traveling across the United States for six months in hopes of finding underreported local stories
What game design can do for journalism - Three newly selected fellows at American University talk about the medium's future
Timeline, an app based on 'the history of…' - But chronology doesn't reveal everything
Email blasts from CJR writers and editors
We should all step back from security journalism (Medium)
"It should be made clear, in law, that the tasks security reseachers do to make the net more secure and journalists do to understand and contextualize the truth for the public are not crimes"
Trust In Business And Media Is Declining, But People Have Faith In Search Engines (Buzzfeed)
People have become less trusting of major institutions, according to the annual Edelman Trust Barometer. And large majorities doubt that businesses want to make the world a better place.
With New Charlie Hebdo Cover, News Value Should Have Prevailed (NYT)
Public editor Margaret Sullivan on why the paper should have published the images.
An Old Fogey's Analysis of a Teenager's View on Social Media (Medium)
"I feel the need to offer my perspective as someone who is not a teenager but who has thought about these issues extensively for years."
Greg Marx discusses democracy and news with Tom Rosenstiel of the American Press Institute
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ACEsTooHigh.com – Reporting on the science, education, and policy surrounding childhood trauma
Who Owns What
The Business of Digital Journalism
A report from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism
Questions and exercises for journalism students.


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Licensing Lawyers and Law Firms in Methuen, MA
Licensing Law Lawyers
Murtha Cullina LLP
Full Range of Legal Services to Business, Governmental Units, Non-profit Organizations & Individuals
(781) 933-5505With 130 attorneys in five offices in Connecticut and Massachusetts, Murtha Cullina offers a full range of legal services. From our base in New England, we are able to serve the local, regional, national and international needs of our clients.
Our practice encompasses litigation...
Law Firm's Overview
Bay State IP, LLC
Intellectual Property Law Firm in Boston, Massachusetts
(617) 439-3200Bay State IP is a full-service Intellectual Property law firm located in Boston, MA. We represent clients across the country from Massachusetts to California and abroad, ranging from individual inventors and start-ups to mid-size Corporations. Our experience working with a variety...
Law Firm's Overview
Free Consultation
Brown Rudnick LLP
International Law Firm
(617) 856-8200Brown Rudnick is a full-service, international law firm. From offices in the United States and Europe, our 200 attorneys practice across integrated areas of law and provide clients with a breadth and depth of expertise uniquely suited to their individual legal needs.
In 1948,...
Law Firm's Overview
DLA Piper
Global Law Firm
(617) 406-6000DLA Piper became one of the largest legal service providers in the world in 2005 through a merger of unprecedented scope in the legal sector. While large in scale, the merger strategy was simple – to create an international legal practice capable of taking care of the most important...
Law Firm's Overview
Duane Morris LLP
IP, Telecommunications, Information Technologies, Energy, Endangered Species
(857) 488-4200Duane Morris LLP, a full-service law firm with more than 700 attorneys in 24 offices in the United States and internationally, offers innovative solutions to the legal and business challenges presented by today's evolving global markets.
Evolving from a partnership of prominent...
Law Firm's Overview
Epstein Becker & Green, PC
Health Care & Life Sciences, Labor & Employment, Litigation, Corporate Services, & Employee Benefits
(617) 737-3538Epstein Becker Green offers domestic and multinational companies comprehensive legal counsel and support. The firm is uncompromising in its pursuit of legal excellence and client service in its areas of practice: Health Care and Life Sciences, Labor and Employment, Litigation, Corporate...
Law Firm's Overview
Hinshaw & Culbertson LLP
National Law Firm
(617) 213-7000Hinshaw & Culbertson LLP was founded in 1934 and is headquartered in Chicago. We have offices in 12 states: Arizona, California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island and Wisconsin.
At Hinshaw, we value long-term client...
Law Firm's Overview
K&L Gates LLP
Full-Service International Law Firm
(617) 261-3100K&L Gates LLP represents leading global corporations, growth and middle-market companies, capital markets participants and entrepreneurs in every major industry group as well as public sector entities, educational institutions, philanthropic organizations and individuals. Our...
Law Firm's Overview
Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, PC
Corporate, Environmental, Health, Immigration, IP. Litigation, Tax Law
(617) 542-6000Founded in 1933, Mintz Levin has grown into a versatile law firm of 500 highly qualified and dedicated attorneys representing diverse international clients in many industries who turn to us for a wide range of legal services and resources. Our offices are located in Boston, Washington,...
Law Firm's Overview
Morgan Lewis
International Full Service Law Firm
(617) 341-7700Morgan Lewis's Boston office is a key part of the firm's Business and Finance, Insurance Recovery, Labor and Employment, and Litigation Practices.
Our Business and Finance lawyers in Boston focus their practices on finance and restructuring, including energy transactions. Part...
Law Firm's Overview
Morrison Mahoney LLP
Litigation, Transactional, Business and Industry Law Firm
(617) 439-7500Morrison Mahoney LLP, for more than 60 years, has been committed to servicing its clients' needs and working with its clients to achieve desired goals and objectives. With 160 attorneys and nine offices throughout the Northeast, Morrison Mahoney LLP is recognized as one of the leading...
Law Firm's Overview
Murtha Cullina LLP
Full Range of Legal Services to Business, Governmental Units, Non-profit Organizations & Individuals
(617)457-4000With 130 attorneys in five offices in Connecticut and Massachusetts, Murtha Cullina offers a full range of legal services. From our base in New England, we are able to serve the local, regional, national and international needs of our clients.
Our practice encompasses litigation...
Law Firm's Overview
Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP
Providing Creative Solutions to Complex Legal and Business Problems
617-573-4700 or 800.237.2000Nelson Mullins is committed to providing creative solutions to complex legal and business problems and to adding value to their clients. With more than 35 diversified practice areas and more than 350 attorneys, the firm has grown to meet the expanding needs of existing clients and...
Law Firm's Overview
Nixon Peabody LLP
Comprehensive Legal Services to Individuals and Organizations
(617) 345-1000Nixon Peabody LLP is one of the largest multi-practice law firms in the United States, with offices in 14 cities on the east and west coasts and more than 600 attorneys working in 15 major practice areas. Their size, diversity, and state-of-the-art technical resources enable them...
Law Firm's Overview
Prince Lobel Tye LLP
A Midsized, Full-Service Law Firm Serving Closely Held and Family-Owned Businesses
(617) 456-8000Prince Lobel Tye LLP is a full-service law firm that performs a wide range of legal services for a diverse group of clients. The firm has a loyal list of clients and has earned their trust by keeping its legal skills sharp, making sure knowledge in all practice areas is up-to-the-minute,...
Law Firm's Overview


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With full support from an organization and proper implementation, an effective anti-fraud program can serve to significantly reduce the risk of fraud and increase the likelihood that, if fraud does occur, it will be detected at an early stage. BDO Consulting's fraud prevention services assist in promoting best practices designed to promote an environment that reduces the risk of fraud and allow it to be exposed early should it occur. Seasoned fraud investigators developed the BDO Consulting's Fraud Prevention practice based on the skills and insights they gained through conducting numerous fraud investigations. An anti-fraud program can help an organization identify, remediate and monitor the specific risk factors that set the stage for fraud.
Based on our investigative experience, certain conditions involving a lack of awareness or inadequate practices can create a fertile environment for fraud within an organization. Such conditions include:
BDO Consulting's fraud prevention services are designed to identify and address the above conditions so that an organization can proactively manage its fraud risks. An organization can implement individual fraud prevention elements or a comprehensive anti-fraud program.
The Network is a pioneer in anonymous tip lines. Our relationship with The Network provides clients with a single source for implementing and maintaining tip lines, creating a corporate culture that inspires ethical behavior and repels fraud as well as a comprehensive fraud prevention and detection program.
Oversight Systems' software provides a platform for continuous monitoring of transactions with powerful analytics that excel at finding problems. By inspecting each step of individual transactions across all financial systems, the software can be used to provide real-time monitoring of transactions and assist in the timely identification of potentially erroneous or fraudulent transactions.
BDO Consulting also works with various strategic partners to provide education and training essential for establishing an effective ethics program within an organization. We work with our clients to customize each ethics program to meet their strategic goals and objectives, taking into consideration our clients' specific business, culture, location and industry.


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Details for the Set Up:
Interaction at constant velocity
Interaction at constant acceleration
As I stated in the Introduction, through my education I have observed that many students find Newton's Third Law particularly hard to understand and believe. After talking to a few professors, they too, throughout their careers, have observed this. The Third Law is Newton's hardest law to accept, but it is, by all means, not impossible to do so.
This physics experiment is geared towards producing a demonstration that will clarify the understanding students have over Newton's Third Law, in a 'seeing is believing' fashion. In my own experiences, I've greatly benefited from demonstrations that presented what instructors had been teaching. This project is constructed for students with a minor understanding of Newton's Laws of Motion. (Typically a grade 11 and 12 audience).
The demonstration consists of three main sections, all which show students that for very action there is an equal an opposite reaction.
The first section are 'head on' collisions between a stationary cart and a moving cart. Different trials are performed with carts of equal masses and different masses. The demonstration shows that the forces felt by the carts in a collision are equal and opposite, even when the masses are different. In addition, the collisions show the relationship F=ma: The force used to eject the car (i.e. magnetic propulsion -the carts have magnets on one end, and magnets of the same polarity can be fixed along any part of the track-) in each trial is roughly the same , and the distance the carts travel before colliding is also the same, so after the carts collide (while displaying that the action force [i.e. the moving cart] and the reaction force [i.e. the stationary cart] are equal and opposite) the distance the stationary cart travels depends on its mass and acceleration. In one of the trials, the distance traveled by the stationary cart is measured; in a second trial, keeping the mass of the moving cart the same and roughly doubling the mass of the stationary cart, the distance traveled after collision is roughly half as much as when the masses of the carts were the same, implying that the acceleration is roughly half as much since the mass is doubled. In terms of F=ma, in the second trial F is the same, but the mass is doubled (i.e. m2 = 2m1) so, to keep the same F, a2 must = a1/2, and therefore it will not travel as far.
The two graphs below are the resulting Force vs Time graphs of the two trials stated above. The first graph shows the equal and opposite forces (max. magnitude of +/- 11.3 N) in a collision with carts of equal mass. The stationary cart traveled a distance of roughly 0.3 m after collision. The second graph shows the collision between carts of different masses (the stationary cart's mass was roughly twice the moving cart's mass). Once again, equal and opposite forces are observed, with maximum magnitude of +/- 10.7 N. Recall that the moving carts in the first trial and this second trial are of equal mass. Since they are released in the same manner (by magnetic repulsion ), and they both travel the same distance, at the point of collision their accelerations and masses are the same; so the force, by Newton's Second Law (F=ma), is the same, and by Newton's Third Law, the force felt by the stationary carts are the same (or almost equal, because it is impossible to release the carts in exactly the same fashion each time!), regardless if their masses are different. It just means that the distance traveled after the collision by the heavier cart will be less, because its acceleration is smaller. Since the force is the same, but the cart is heavier, its acceleration must be smaller! This was observed, since the stationary cart in the second trial traveled roughly 0.18 m after collision.
The second and third sections consist of one cart pushing on the other. In the second section, Newton's Third Law is observed as one cart pushes another at constant velocity. The constant velocity is obtained by powering the 'pushing cart' by a fan. In my high school demonstrations I unfortunately used fans that were just powerful enough to propel the carts, at a very slow and constant velocity. The students still observe that Newton's Third Law is true (when the force versus time graph is displayed), but the force is so small that the force sensors have a hard time triggering. More fans, or a more powerful fan is recommended.
Click to see a video when using constant velocity
(note: videos also contain audio)
The graph below shows the forces felt by the two carts moving at constant velocity; as the blue cart (corresponds to the blue graph line) pushes on the red cart (red graph line). The blue cart was propelled by two computer fans that were placed on top of it. The trial length was run for 5 seconds. Triggering of the force sensors after a certain force was turned off because triggering could only occur if the forces felt were greater than 0.1 N. The very small forces felt at 0-0.6 seconds are probably from vibrations in the room. The initial spikes are caused when the blue cart initially touches the red cart (they do not stick together at this point); at roughly 1.5-5 seconds the blue cart physically pushes the red cart at a constant velocity provided by the fans. The force used to push the cart is very small (0-0.1 N), and the sensors are not sensitive enough to detect the forces accurately (which is why the graphs fluctuate) though, fundamentally we can see that the forces are equal and opposite.
In the third section, the effects of Newton's Third Law are explored as constant acceleration acts on the carts. To obtain constant acceleration, one of the carts is attached to some weights, which are dropped over the edge of a table. As the weights hurtle towards the ground, gravity is used to provide the constant acceleration (9.8 m/s2). The weights are attached to fishing line, which itself is attached to one of the carts (the blue cart in our case). As the weights pull the cart, the cart pushes on another; and so an action-reaction interaction can be observed. Equal and opposite forces are viewed, but a 'bell' curve is not seen; instead two 'step like' graphs are observed. The force experienced in the interaction does not come back to zero (as seen in the first section, when the carts collided). As the carts are stuck together and pulled with a constant acceleration the force felt by the force sensors will always be present as long as the constant acceleration is present.
Click to see a video when using constant acceleration
This forth and final graph (below) demonstrates the forces felt when the blue cart pushes the red cart at constant acceleration. Once again the trigger was turned off and the sample length was set to run for 1.5 seconds. The first few spikes demonstrate small collisions that occurred between the two carts, but after the blue cart stuck to, and pushed, the red cart with constant acceleration, (roughly) constant, equal and opposite force can be observed at 0.5 N.
Note: These collision demonstrations are tailored for students to physically see that what Newton stated in his Third Law is actually true. They are not geared towards the investigation of the graphs in terms of magnitude; though, with more preparation and an audience with more knowledge of physics, force magnitude, its relation to the potential and kinetic energies when releasing the cart, and the frictional forces experienced with increased mass can be explored.
Details for the Set Up: Collisions between the carts
This is a picture of the set up needed for the collision demonstrations to occur:
Install the LoggerPro software on a pc, then hook up the LabPro interface (through USB in my demonstrations). | |
Attach the the Dual-Range Force Sensors on the Dynamics Carts with the provided screws, and place the switches on the force sensors to the 10 N slot. | |
Place the carts on a Dynamics Track, facing each other, and attach the force sensor's wires to Ch1 and Ch2 on the interface. Make sure that the wires are looped around the arm and orange vice of the stand (as seen in the above photograph). This prevents the wires from interfering with the collisions. | |
Plug in the interface to a power outlet | |
Place the track's magnetic stopper (which is used to propel one of the carts) at a desired distance (seen at the far on of the track, in the picture). | |
Run the LoggerPro software. When everything is hooked up correctly the program automatically brings up a screen that will allow you to display the graph of both force sensors simultaneously. | |
Go to 'set up' near the top of the screen, then 'data collection', then 'sampling' and change the experiment length to 150 milliseconds and the sampling speed to 5 samples/millisecond. | |
Press 'collect' near the top of the screen...now you're ready to actually make some collisions!! | |
The cart attached to Ch1 will correspond to a red graph, and Ch2 to a blue graph, so red and blue paper should be placed on the corresponding carts for students to easily associate which sensor is being triggered. | |
To launch a cart, place its magnetic end firmly against the magnets of the track stopper, then let go! | |
Observe Newton's Third Law by obtaining a few collision trails with equal cart masses and some unequal cart masses ( simply add some of the weights on to a cart). |
Details for the Set Up: Interaction at constant velocity
This picture illustrates the set up needed to observe Newton's Third law when applying a cart with constant velocity:
The set up used for the collision trials is also used here. | |
If you are using two or more 12 V computer fans, attach them together with twist ties (i.e. wire). | |
Hook up the fans to a 12 V battery (or 8 1.5 V batteries in a battery container), and place them on the blue cart (see picture). | |
Before running some trials change the experiment length to 5 seconds and the sampling speed to 250 samples/second. | |
Observe the effects of constant velocity! |
Details for the Set Up: Interactions at constant acceleration
This picture illustrates the set up needed to observe Newton's Third law when applying a cart with constant acceleration:
Set up all the components as you did when setting up for the interaction at constant velocity, but remove the fan from the blue cart. | |
Wrap two rubber bands around the blue cart, and place a 1 inch nail at the back of the cart, in between the rubber bands and the cart (the bands can be seen in place in the picture of the 'constant velocity' set up). If your looking at the back of the cart, the nail should be in the middle of the cart, perpendicular to the track and sticking out a few millimeters below the bottom of the cart. | |
Attach the pulley to the end of a table in line with the end of the track. | |
Tie fishing line of your desired length to the portion of the nail that is sticking out. Run the rest of the fishing line under the bottom of the blue cart, red cart and along the rest of the track. Tie weights to the lose end of the fishing line and place the line on the pulley (refer to the picture above). | |
Collect data on the software and observe the effects of constant acceleration! |


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Hill, Malcolm and Wager, Fiona (2009) From childhood to youth: children's own perspectives on social-spatial transitions. International Journal of Transitions in Childhood, 3. pp. 16-26. ISSN 1833-2390
Wager, F. and Bailey, N. and Day, R. and Hamilton, D. and Hill, M. and King, C. (2007) Serving children: the impact of poverty on children's experiences of services. Working paper. Save the Children.


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Brownout By Michael Stone Published July 18, 2008 Homenaje Freestyle
Long an indie rock pacesetter, Austin, Texas, has more recently broadened its horizons to boast a growing contingent of Latino bands. Among the latest wave is Brownout—a Latin funk octet that taps into some South Texas roots, serving up a sizzling, mostly instrumental repertoire heavy on guitar, sax, brass, and congas, and recalling (but never imitating) precursors like Joe Bataan, Santana, Tower Of Power, and Grupo Fantasma (where some players here do double duty). It's no wonder that The Austin Chronicle named Brownout the city's Best Live Act, describing the group's performances as a dance frenesí of boogaloo, soul funk, salsa, Afro-Latin, Afro-beat, and acid jazz sounds. To that end, "Con El Brownout No Se Juega" ("Don't Mess With Brownout") could be a latter-day reincarnation of Cal Tjader and Mongo Santamaria, while "Chafa Khan Artistry" constitutes a head-on collision between Willie Bobo, King Tubby, James Brown, and a sonic barrage of unidentified flying objects. Take cover!


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Review Mario Sports Mix Video Review GameSpot editor Tom Mc Shea mixes it up in this video review for Mario Sports Mix on the Wii.
Gameplay Mario Sports Mix - Hoop Skills Gameplay Movie Mario and his friends shoot hoops in a western town.
Gameplay Mario Sports Mix - Volleyball Gameplay Movie Two players compete in split-screen volleyball.
Gameplay Mario Sports Mix - Close-Quarters Dodgeball Gameplay Movie Players run a fierce round of dodgeball.
Gameplay Mario Sports Mix - Frantic Hockey Match Gameplay Movie Mario and his team get stomped at hockey.
Original Series This Week in New Releases - Feb: 6 -12 This week we play sports with Mario, race with friends, and learn how little we know.
Feature Nintendo Conference 2010 Presentation (English) Nintendo releases launch details on the 3DS, Wii Remote Plus, the 25th anniversary of Super Mario Bros., and much more at the Nintendo conference 2010 held on 9/29/2010 in Japan.
Trailer Mario Sports Mix Competition Trailer The gang at Nintendo takes time out of adventuring for some good ole competition in Mario Sports Mix.


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Raf Simons, Christian Dior's new creative director, photographed by Willy Vanderperre in Antwerp, 2012.
By Willy Vanderperre.
The appointment of Belgian wunderkind Raf Simons as creative director of Christian Dior set tongues wagging. In what direction would this master of minimalism steer the famously feminine, lushly luxurious House of Dior? Any doubters were silenced by his spectacular debut couture collection, which was universally hailed as a triumph. Below, we go behind the scenes to trace the creation of one dress, from pattern to catwalk.