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I am not trying to start a war here, so please refrain from this. Everyones opinion and ideas are certain to be different and differnt strokes for different folks. So please respect what everyone has to say even if you dont agree.
If misting is so terrible, why does like every house plant book suggest it for certain plants? If it DOESNT raise humidity for a plant, then why do these house plant book writers say to do it for humidity? My Rubber tree didnt seem to like it. She got a possible infection on her leaves from it. I believe Al called it Odemea or something close to that. I have many plants now that I read it is great to mist, but read so many posts from you all about how how it isnt so great. So I am lost on this subject. |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by greenlarry UK 8/9 (My Page) on Fri, Nov 16, 12 at 18:18
What, misting is bad? Since when? I always used to mist my plants in the past. The reason I dont now is its impractical-it wets everything in sight and gets me in trouble, lol. Now if I have a plant that likes misting it goes in the shower with me. |
tifflj, Just like anything, too much is bad. Some plants love it and do well with it. This time of year, our houses are dryer than normal. If you use a little (teaspoon) of Murphy's oil soap and some neam oil with a bit of alcohol will do the trick. Use up the mixture every time you use it. I have not had a bad reaction on any of my plants. I try to do this once a month. Stush |
- Posted by jojosplants 9 / Tucson, AZ (My Page) on Fri, Nov 16, 12 at 18:35
I do once in a while, but more to wash the plant of dust than anything. I'm in a desert climate. As you say, some feel it works, many say it doesn't. I have 2 small table top fountains I use in my plant room for a little humidity. JoJo |
- Posted by tsugajunkie z5 SE WI (My Page) on Fri, Nov 16, 12 at 19:30
Misting, in and of itself will not usually harm a plant. What you hope to accomplish is the question. If you want to clean the plant a bit or tick off spider mites, then misting is fine. If you want to raise humidity, it is a waste of time. tj |
- Posted by tropicbreezent (My Page) on Fri, Nov 16, 12 at 20:19
I often mist and just ignore anything others might say. As for raising the humidity, it depends on a number of factors. If the relative himidity is very low you need quite a lot of water to raise it appreciably if you're dealing with a large space. The more air you have the more water you'll need. If there's a breeze constantly bringing more new air in it will be a losing battle. But there's still some benefit. Even in the tropics, in the dry season, there's a huge difference in humidity between day and night. In some parts that difference in the same day can be from 30% to 90% or even greater. A lot of tropicals are quite happy with that. |
I personally view misting as an exercise in futility when raising humidity is the goal; and there are some compelling reasons, rooted in plant physiology, why we may wish to reconsider the habit/practice of misting, even if we set aside the fact that it helps for only a few minutes and has no residual benefit. There is also the possibility that water dripping from leaf to leaf or plant to plant will carry and spread insects and other pathogens, especially fungi. Misting does help satisfy the nurturing side of growers who adhere to the practice, though. ;o) There is something very important about misting that no one EVER mentions on these forums. In many, probably more than half of all plants, exposure to rain causes rapid suppression of photosynthesis by inducing stomatal closure and causing temporary decrease or cessation of the photosynthetic mechanism. Examining plants exposed to several minutes of misty rain often reveals complete stomatal closure within 2 minutes, with a 30-40% decreases in photosynthetic ability within 1 hour. In addition, it often takes many hours to several days for plants to return to a "pre-rain" ability to carry on the efficient business of photosynthesis. Moisture on leaves and/or in the air surrounding plant foliage will determine the humidity difference (gradient) between the inside of stomata and outside of the leaf (this is termed the saturation deficit). Humidity level just inside stomata is very high as they are normally full of water vapor, which will move out rapidly if there is a steep concentration gradient in humidity, i.e. if the surrounding air has a low humidity. This causes a drop in turgor which closes stomata. If you equalize the gradient, or raise surrounding (relative) humidity, turgor remains constant so stomata remain open. Misting: You can see examples of how the boundary layer works in cacti and plants that are pubescent (hairy). Most are slow-growing. I have read that the primary reason, indirectly, is stomatal closure due to the more effective boundary layer slowing transpiration and thus slowing photosynthesis. So - we have seen that rain or mist on leaves obviously slows water loss from foliage by making (near) perfect the boundary layer. Since this slows transpirational loss, it closes stomata and also slows photosynthesis, which is not a good thing. Even though we may not be able to expect a negative impact on every single species of plant, I have concluded (for my own purposes) that an increase in relative humidity in air surrounding the plant is the most effective way to keep stoma open and insure optimum photosynthesizing ability and vitality. Remember, that there are abundant other factors that influence stomata function - light, temperature, internal plant rhythms all play into the equation, but far more plants will experience reduce photosynthetic ability when exposed to rain or mist than will not. Al |
- Posted by greenlarry UK 8/9 (My Page) on Sat, Nov 17, 12 at 8:17
One thing, pelargoniums (what everyone insists on calling geraniums) dislike misting. They will sulk at you! |
- Posted by jojosplants 9 / Tucson, AZ (My Page) on Sat, Nov 17, 12 at 9:54
Al~ That's an interesting post and I will be back later with tons of questions. ;-) you know me.. I'm a why person and always curious. :-) Greenlarry~ I cracked up laughing at your post of getting in trouble. ;-) I'm in Arizona, it's dry! It would take a lot of misting! I run our clothes dryer inside in the winter, and that really helps. Sometimes run a humidifier too. I think we need it more than our plants. lol.. JoJo JoJo |
- Posted by jojosplants 9 / Tucson, AZ (My Page) on Sat, Nov 17, 12 at 9:55
Al~ That's an interesting post and I will be back later with tons of questions. ;-) you know me.. I'm a why person and always curious. :-) Greenlarry~ I cracked up laughing at your post of getting in trouble. ;-) I'm in Arizona, it's dry! It would take a lot of misting! I run our clothes dryer inside in the winter, and that really helps. Sometimes run a humidifier too. I think we need it more than our plants. lol.. JoJo |
Nice explanation Al, Thanks. I never mist, I use a humidifier. Makes being in the room more comfortable too. |
- Posted by hopefulauthor z5IL (firstname.lastname@example.com) on Sat, Nov 17, 12 at 13:34
Howdy.. Tiff...When my love for plants began, I decided to buy a plant book. As time progressed, more books were added, as were plants. Every author suggested misting. Especially tropical plants. Since book 1, my plants were sprayed daily..all but succulents, and even they're showered in the sink once every 6 or so months. Mainly to clean off dust particles.. Of course, misting alone isn't going to produce a jungle effect. There are many ways to increase humidity..running a humidifer..setting a plant on stones w/water...boiling water...grouping plants...set a pot of water on stove-like heaters. 'space-heater.' Set plants in tub and allow shower to run over leaves. Close bathroom door afterwards so steam fills the room. But misting has its benefits. Spraying plant to plant you'll never know what you'll find..for instance, the surprise can be something as nice as buds/flower, or on the flip side of the coin, insects. Large leaves, 'Rubber Plant,' can be washed and wiped with soft cloth. Cleaning muliple leaves would take days per plant..lol Ever shop/browse at a commercial green house? Misters are set to go off every 15-30 mins. During winter, times I feel lax, I sometimes neglect misting..and you know what? There's a difference. A big difference. BTW, if you decide to mist, buy a mister with attached hose. HD has hose-type sprayers for 7.00..the sprayer is adjustable, and has a botton to press for constant spraying. Like the nozzle used when adding gas to a car. Since most of my plants are grouped, misting increases humidity for both reasons. BTW, never use leaf shine. That junk definately clogs leaf pores. Don't use milk either. Over-priced plant killer. Misting is up to you, Tiff. Why not experiment? Set group A plants on one side, and group B on the other. Toni..who doesn't want to argue with anyone..:) |
If you mist a dusty surface, including a leaf surface, what happens? A little puddle of mud forms on the leaf surface and dries there, where it becomes even MORE difficult to remove. Misting doesn't magically make dust disappear, it just concentrates the dust - unless you HOSE the plant off or set it in the sink/shower and actually SPRAY it to dislodge the dust or mud, and then we're not really talking about misting. I never mist, yet I manage to not miss new growth, blooms, buds, insect issues, or any other evidence that might be discovered while misting. I make these discoveries while watering or just looking at how my plants are doing, which doesn't require misting. I've posted hundreds of pictures of plants without a single blemish on the foliage. So if growers A and B both have very nice plants, with grower A misting and grower B NOT misting, what are the logical conclusions? Can we say misting is necessary to healthy plants? Nope. Can we say it is HELPFUL in producing healthy plants? Nope. Can we say healthy plants are achievable w/o misting? Yes we can. You see, it doesn't matter what grower A thinks. If grower A thinks misting is necessary for healthy plants and grower B produces healthy plants w/o misting, applying simple logic demonstrates that grower A has to be in error. No other conclusion is logically possible w/o adding a lot of what-ifs and fabricated scenarios. Even if plants are grouped together, the rise in humidity gained from misting lasts only a few minutes. If we're generous and say it lasts 10 minutes, misting daily leaves us with 1,430 minutes of the 1,440 minutes in a day where the plant is dealing with ambient conditions unenhanced by the effort of misting. In light of this consideration, I don't think it's going too far out on a limb to suggest that at best, misting offers little to no hope of improving a plants lot to the point where if the effects could be quantified that they would be discernible. So, even if you disregard the potential ill effects mentioned a little upthread, the practice leaves little reason to expect any tangible benefits. Al |
- Posted by TheMasterGardener1 5B (My Page) on Sun, Nov 18, 12 at 0:29
I agree with tapla here 100% Avoid misting indoor grown plants. There is no reason and it is a great way to grow mildew and mold. |
- Posted by tropicbreezent (My Page) on Sun, Nov 18, 12 at 8:24
If there was any truth in the assertion that misting was detrimental to plants then there'd be no rainforests, no cloud forests, and no luxuriant vegetation around tropical waterfalls. Plants actually thrive in those conditions (probably most house plants are from those environments anyway). Dry season in the tropics plants usually cease growing. Wet season their leaves are wet most of the time and they have maximum growth. |
- Posted by greenlarry UK 8/9 (My Page) on Sun, Nov 18, 12 at 8:37
I think being in a hot, moist jungle can not compare to misting! In the jungle the conditions are stable, temperature much more even than in our air conditioned and dusty homes. And it rains a lot, so much so that leaves need to shed water quickly so as no water stays sat on the leaves possibly causing rot or inviting fungal infection. Thats unlikely to happen at home of course but salts in the water do get left behind on our leaves. We then get convinced we have to buy this leaf cleaning product of course... |
I mist my plants sometimes, and frequently add a small amount of fertilizer and Consan. After all, they do get rained on a lot in rain forests. |
- Posted by greenlarry UK 8/9 (My Page) on Sun, Nov 18, 12 at 15:01
Not all our plants come from rainforests of course, and raining is different to humidity. |
- Posted by TheMasterGardener1 5B (My Page) on Sun, Nov 18, 12 at 18:20
"If there was any truth in the assertion that misting was detrimental to plants then there'd be no rainforests, no cloud forests, and no luxuriant vegetation around tropical waterfalls. " A topical water fall in your living room or garage?? :) Ask any expert in indoor cultivation about misting leaves. I grew indoor cherry tomatoes in a controlled climate under HID and produced huge harvests of cherry tomatoes from one indeterminate cherry bush. I would never mist for any reason at all. It would only cause mold or mildew. Even with the inline jet fan I had taking air out of the room, there is still risk of mold. Even in nature there is risk of mold, let a lone inside. I always thought to take the same things about growing outside and bring them inside and that will not work. This is just great!!! Well said, Tapla! "Misting does help satisfy the nurturing side of growers who adhere to the practice, though. ;o)" |
- Posted by jojosplants 9 / Tucson, AZ (My Page) on Mon, Nov 19, 12 at 8:36
I guess in a sense, I don't mist, and more like wash the plants. I spray to the point of run off. No puddles. ;-) My plants are in a craft room, no harm can be done to the floor. lol.. I too like to look plants over when watering and waiting for them to drain. Al~ as always, great information! JoJo |
- Posted by greenlarry UK 8/9 (My Page) on Mon, Nov 19, 12 at 8:55
People are comparing misting to being in a rainforest- wrong! Yes its humid in a rainforest, but it is also in open air, with free air movement, totally different to being indoors! Yes misting can encourage mold, and theres a lot of mold in the rainforest too because of all the humidity and warm temps- bound to be! Its not so detremental to a big rainforest plant as it would be in a comparitively small house plant! Keep a plant in a windowsill, mist every day, and watch the mold form on the bottom of the window. Really to have any beneficial effect on an indoor plant youd have to mist the plant constantly! And boy would your furnishings suffer! Now a gravel tray would be more effective. U have one under my palm and its warding off the brown tips. The plant cant take up the water itself but the water disappears over a few days due to evaporation. |
- Posted by TheMasterGardener1 5B (My Page) on Mon, Nov 19, 12 at 10:03
greenlarry, Great info. I agree 100% |
FWIW - as an experiment, I placed a small tree on an end table in my living room on a bed of large gravel contained in a humidity tray filled with water. I placed a digital hygrometer in the tree such that it was about 7-8" above the surface of the gravel. The difference in humidity between the hygrometer being placed in the tree vs 6 ft (2 m) away from the tree was only 4/10 of 1% - something like 35.2 vs 35.6% - an insignificant change. Maybe if there were 20 or 30 plants on humidity trays and the room had minimal air exchange (enough to keep mold from forming) it might make a difference, but don't expect a humidity tray to cure your burned leaf tips/margins. It's just not realistic to think it will. Does it work better than misting? I guess it does, if you consider .4% better. I would encourage you to do your own experiments so you get a realistic look at how little difference humidity trays actually make. If you're going for raising humidity - go for the whole room with a humidifier designed for that purpose. THAT can make a significant difference, though the most important part of maintaining foliage in pristine condition is a root zone capable of supporting good root health and root function. Looking beyond that to increasing humidity is like thinking that changing from figure skates to hockey skates makes you a hockey player. Al |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Mon, Nov 19, 12 at 15:05
Misting is my preferred method of rooting unrooted succulent plant cuttings, and I've taken it up as my life's work that that's how succulent cuttings root most effectively. Nothing succulent will not root if effectively misted, I've found. |
- Posted by greenlarry UK 8/9 (My Page) on Mon, Nov 19, 12 at 18:39
Well Al, it made a difference to my palm! |
.... and you're sure of this, how? ;-) That sort of false reasoning actually has a name. It's termed a Questionable Cause Fallacy. The fallacy has the following general structure: A and B are seemingly connected (but no third, common cause is looked for). You THINK your palms are free from burned leaf tips because of the humidity tray, but there are so many other contributing factors that it's a near certainty that at best, the humidity tray plays only a very minor part. Example: I bless my plants every morning and the foliage on all are pristine. It's a good thing I learned that blessing. Al |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Mon, Nov 19, 12 at 19:36
Al, The one whereupon it is written 'May the Farce Be With You'? Yes, me too. |
- Posted by meyermike_1micha 5 (My Page) on Mon, Nov 19, 12 at 19:53
In my experience if I may? I have found that the two 'MOST' effective means of raising humidity in my plant rooms are by humidifier and grouping my plants together. Grouped plants: I have two hygrometers in two dedicated rooms, one with no plants, and one with most of my plants grouped together in unheated rooms, with the doors shut. In the dry areas of my home, heated, I HAVE to use a humidifier. That does the trick! I am guilty myself of misting mine at times. One of the reason why I do is discouarge spider mites or any other pest that does not like being wet with constant air movement and help keep the leaves clean. I do have a nurturing side of me that possess me to mist because I like it, although I do know that there may be disadvantages so politely and scientifically described, and misting is is far different from hosing them down in the shower of which is something I do often, and hosing them down in my greenhouse which I can get away with as long as I use fans and constant air movement which not everyone has the advantage to do. By the way, plants growing outside compared to inside is two different worlds. What is 'fact' is that anything that slows down transpiration, slows the rate at which water in the soil solution is used....which also reduces the amount of 'nutrients' delivered via the nutrient stream, which DOES impact growth. DO I want this? Slowing down photosynthesis is something I also sacrifice as a well informed grower, in which I always think twice about. I have noticed after growing these many years, that the mixes in the pots of plants of which I do hose or 'mist', dry out at a much slower rate than those I do not mist, for good reason as describe by Al. It does not harm me to be armed with the science and facts here, and with the experiences of others, but in the end, I will either do what is best from plants perspective or that of own own. Every time something like this kind of thread comes up, I always examine the facts closely, then make an informed descision. Mike |
- Posted by greenman28 NorCal 7b/8a (My Page) on Mon, Nov 19, 12 at 20:28
Hey, Mike! I know you to be a nurturer, indeed, and it's great that you point it out as something I remember when you had so much humidity in your plant room that the air was uncomfortable to breathe!
Josh |
Mike, Al, and Josh... between the three of you guys, there's no doubt you can steam up a room, or fog some glasses! ;-) But seriously... a few key words to keep in mind might be facts, science, physics, critical thought and problem solving skills, logic and common sense, individual environments, climates and micro-environments, limiting factors, etc... and how all these things together conspire to tell us what we need to know about moisture, humidity, and the health of our plants. Al approaches growing from a scientific angle, so I can say with accuracy that what he states originates from the laws of physics, the scientific facts of plant physiology, keeping in mind things like climate, his own individual growing environment, the most limiting factors he deals with... and his experiences and observations would bear out this logic. I rarely mist, if ever... and when I do so, I mist the air within the general area, not the plants... only because I know it would be a fruitless endeavor to mist my plants given my own individual micro-environment, keeping in mind science, physics, the physiology of plants, the facts as they are, and the limiting factors I have to deal with. I'd be wasting my time misting my plants. My indoor environment is dry, and has to remain that way to a certain extent, because I share space with electronics and computer equipment, which would react adversely to too much humidity. My best course of action is to group my indoor plants together in a window alcove, keep an adequate amount of air flow going, water my plants when needed, and keep a source of moving water evaporating within that alcove... like a small tabletop fountain. Even then, I'm not going to maintain a high humidity, but I will be able to keep enough moisture around the root zone, where it does the most good, through proper watering and occasional bathing of my plants to keep the leaves clean. You'll note that Mike approaches the maintaining of humidity in a slightly different manner. He has a different environment than I do. Mike is definitely a nurturer, which is a good thing... and the health of his plants would prove that he utilizes knowledge well. :-) A few things to remember, I think, are that fallacy is rife within the general world of growing... old wive's tales abound. The industry thrives on keeping fallacy alive, to a certain extent, profit being what it is. However, we can't change the science, physics or facts of plant growth... but we can use modern technology and knowledge to help mimic nature and provide what we need, keeping in mind that there will always be variables from grower to grower, individual environment to individual environment. If it makes someone feel good to mist, then it makes them feel good... but it doesn't negate the science, physics, physiology of plants, or serve to change the facts. |
- Posted by TheMasterGardener1 5B (My Page) on Tue, Nov 20, 12 at 10:34
"You'll note that Mike approaches the maintaining of humidity in a slightly different manner. " I hear all the time to group plants together to keep humidity... "That sort of false reasoning actually has a name. It's termed a Questionable Cause Fallacy." Yes Tapla there is too much of it! It would be a little boring though if everyone really understood science. That is why when someone does something(like misting inside) and it defies science, but they THINK it is helping I try once to explaine if they can not understand the science, then I just let them believe their hype. |
- Posted by TheMasterGardener1 5B (My Page) on Tue, Nov 20, 12 at 11:11
" Does it work better than misting? I guess it does, if you consider .4% better. " Wow so that is the truth behind the humidity trays. Great experiment Tapla! I never used a humidity tray because I thought it was just, well, pointless. Sure enough it is. Maybe it looks nice though. :) |
- Posted by loveplants2 8b Virginia Beach, (My Page) on Tue, Nov 20, 12 at 11:13
Good Morning Everyone!! This thread has really taken off Tiff!! ;-) I have enjoyed reading everyone's post and the reasoning for why some like to mist and others don't. Seems like we do have our own reasons for using fountains and other means of trying to raise the humidity in our homes and around our plants for the winter. My plants have never been misted at all during the winter and i will say that on occassions i will think to myself that they would enjoy a spritz or two every once in awhile, but i never get around to doing it. Maybe it is because i'm so busy... but the point i want to make is that i don't ever have any issues with my plants over the winter when i just leave them as is. They really don't need this, but we feel that we are helping them. Nuturing maybe.. I like to take care of my plants and i will pay attention to them in other ways. I also check for insects and other problems even when i don't water. It's is a habit i have since i like to grow tropicals and i constantly look for signs of infloresences on my trees and just their overall health. I like to see that we all want what is best for our plants and if you feel like misting will help, then go ahead and give them a squirt!! We are helping ourselves more than our plants and as long as you are not overdoing the misting, they should be fine. Al makes a great point about why they dont really need to be misted and why it really isn't neccessary. Makes good sense to me especially when i see for myself that my plants are healthy without all of the misting that i sometimes feel that i am lacking. Looking at the overall health of my plants being overwintered inside under lights and placed throughout the house makes me understand what Al is trying to explain. The many years that my trees winter over without major issues makes me believe that they don't need this. I believe it makes us feel better. Not neccessary for the overall health of the plants. That is my opinion!! ;-) Thanks for the interesting thread and i feel it has helped lots of people understand the science and why it is good for US and maybe some feel it is good for their plants... This is why we love to grow.. Thanks for all of the posts!! Take care, Laura |
- Posted by purpleinopp 8b AL (My Page) on Tue, Nov 20, 12 at 12:41
I don't mist foliage, but love to use a squirt bottle, set somewhere between mist and single stream, to water smaller plants and those that need to stay UN-soggy while inside for winter. Can eliminate the necessity for a drip tray or visit to the sink for hydrophobic soil, and psychologically, it seems like more water than it really is although probably a quite satisfying sip for the plants, and really satisfies that urge to do something. Your hand will probably get tired before any danger arises. The watering can I have for inside has a long, thin spout which seems like a small amount of water, but it (me) can quickly dump gallons of water throughout the pots if I don't have perfect control over the dribble I'm always attempting but usually failing to deliver. Spritzing is a lot easier and I can just wander around doing it as I visit the plants, not carrying plants around. The little spritz bottle I've been using on smaller plants is just a cute little thing from the bathroom/travel size section at WM and delivers a very small amount of water per pull. I may find that I need one of the bigger ones from the garden section that sprays a lot more water per pull for the bigger pots. I think I want to go can-free (so drip-free) this winter for all pots. |
Thank you all so much for your input. It all has been beyond helpful. PurpleTiff, i like your spray bottle use. I too dump too much at times so i have resorted to using small measuring cups to prevent that. So...no pebble trays... I know i certainly dont have room for them......no misting..... Grouping: tell me about this. Group plant needing humidity or just group plants that look good together? Humidifers: i have one. It is a warm mist humidifer with a place for vicks vaopr liquid. How often do use one for the plants sake? Is it ok for any and all plants or just ones that need humiditu? |
- Posted by TheMasterGardener1 5B (My Page) on Tue, Nov 20, 12 at 18:50
I think another room like a spare bed room or something with windows would be a great "plant" room and you can then adjust the humidity in the room. Plants are happy in humidity that is not so comfortable to us. This is why I just grow plants that can still grow happy in the dry. I know someone that has tropical foliage plants in a sun room with a heater and humidifier, and those plants grow healthy. |
- Posted by purpleinopp 8b AL (My Page) on Wed, Nov 21, 12 at 9:18
Tiff, if you have static in your hair, the air's really dry. How much humidity to add would depend on how much you want to spend on the electricity to run the thing, and being careful not to do it so much that you have problems with wood items warping, or leathers growing mold. I don't think you have any plants that are very picky about humidity. Common house plants are common because they don't pout about being inside houses, which are usually much hotter and dryer than winter would be in their natural setting. If running the humidifier makes YOU feel better, I would do it, if not, I wouldn't worry about it purely on behalf of the plants. |
- Posted by meyermike_1micha 5 (My Page) on Wed, Nov 21, 12 at 9:59
Purple, you are soooooo right! The sad part is that when many start to see their plants pout or look sort of distressed, many think that it is associated with their humidity levels or dry winter air. The truth is, is that my plants can adjust just fine to drier conditions, many plants of which actually do grow in humid environments as long as the roots are functioning well and properly cared for. In fact, I have many plants that I read require humid conditions such as gardenia and citrus, and they do just fine under dry conditions, unless a spider mite decides to take a bite of of that. Most plants including people love a more humid environment, while others hate it. Mine seem to relish in very humid conditions and dry, while before I had used humidity, the only issues I ever had were with spider mites. Before I even knew of much more superior mixes which encourage good root health, my plants displayed symptoms described by many as what one may think is due to dry air. The key in my case, is to focus on the roots all year, and everything falls into place. Mike:-) |
Using a combination of humidifier and ensuring air movement is the key, I think, to avoiding molds and other unwanted issues. Think of the natural environments from which our plants each originate... while many of those areas are humid, or there's mist or rain at night (or whenever), there's air movement. So it stands that we should keep the air circulating to a certain extent. We're not talking gale force fan usage... but just a gentle, low speed on an oscillating fan, perhaps, that moves air around the room. I keep two ceiling fans running on low 365 days a year. The direction of air pull is changed seasonally. The main reason I group my plants is because only one window has the best light, but it also serves to keep the moisture in one area. Remember... my environment is totally different than anyone else's... I'm fighting electronic and computer equipment that must remain dry, an A/C system that totally dries the air, and propane heat that totally dries the air. All of this is ensconced in a one room, second floor, small loft apartment. The highest I ever read as a humidity level is 33%. That's very low. Any trick I can use, or anything that makes me feel like I'm trying is a boon, in my humble opinion. And still, physics is what it is... |
- Posted by greenlarry UK 8/9 (My Page) on Wed, Nov 21, 12 at 17:43
Al I know its made a difference because the leaves are less brown since I did it- simple! Dont try to make out I'm stupid or inexperienced! It may also be helped by the fact that its winter now, and the humidity goes up at this time of year here. You gonna doubt that too? |
My main concern on humidity was that my peace lily leaves have brown tips and it is starting to tick me off as I can figure out why. It for sure isnt overwatering and I really dont think it is underwatering...so that leads me to the possibility of humidity. Sorry to have started a 'tiff' for ppls different perspectives here, I am just trying to figure this all ot and seeing all the different ways and experiences of you all helps me alot in my trial and erroring. No one is trying to offend anyone, I sure hope, we all have our own ways of doing things. Again, I am sorry for starting a sore subject... |
- Posted by tsugajunkie z5 SE WI (My Page) on Wed, Nov 21, 12 at 21:53
Are you watering with city water containing chlorine/cloramine and fluoride? That can cause brown tips. tj |
My intent isn't to make you look stupid or inexperienced. My intent is to point out that others would be less disappointed if they don't put the same amount of faith in a humidity tray (HT) that you do. HTs might make some degree of difference, but it's certainly not going to be significant. Maybe, if a number of plants were grouped together and over HTs, you might be able to gain something of a benefit from the grouping, but one plant - one humidity tray, could only play a very minor part in warding off brown tips. When it comes to growing, people are often very poor at relating cause and effect. I'm not singling you out - it's a fact. If you were misting regularly, you'd probably swear it was the misting that was warding off the brown tips, which would also be in error. If you stop and think about it for just a second, I think you'll agree that it takes a combination of a number of favorable factors to produce a plant with pristine or even good looking foliage. BECAUSE it takes a combination of factors, it's no more logical to say it's the result of the HT than it is to say it's the result of any one of: a favorable soil, favorable light, nutrition the plant likes, the right temps, lack of insect predation or disease ..... I'd favor good genetics over a HT any day. If you think it makes a difference, then that's great for you. I'm simply not convinced and wanted to share why. Al |
If the plant is one that is prone to attack by spider mites then misting occasionally can put off such harm. As far as humidity, what home is not drier than the Sahara Desert in winter and what with the increased barrier we put on our windows and doors, its very easy to have the humidity level affect our plants. Misting can help. As far as making a mess...if the plant can be picked up, then the laundry tub or mud room can be employed to let loose the misting in a forceful way. Its always good besides to check on what bugs might be hiding in the crotches. Misting, however, is often used as a means of watering and that's a no-no. Misting is only a stop-gap and should never be considered part of a watering program. Misting can though increase the moisture on the soil surface and thus increase breakdown of miniscule particles which invites soil gnats to increase in numbers. |
- Posted by purpleinopp 8b AL (My Page) on Fri, Nov 23, 12 at 9:22
Heythere, Goren. "Misting, however, is often used as a means of watering and that's a no-no. Misting is only a stop-gap and should never be considered part of a watering program." I have explained why I mist-water sometimes. Why do you say this? "Misting can though increase the moisture on the soil surface and thus increase breakdown of miniscule particles which invites soil gnats to increase in numbers." I don't understand this, either. Increasing the moisture on the surface (evenly, without saturating the entire pot) is exactly what I'm trying to do with mist-watering when I use it. Fungus gnats can't show up unless/until there are already eggs in the soil, or adults come into the home. Misting soil would have no affect on their presence. |
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Multiplier analysis is an effective method of estimating the economic impact of an economic change or shock. Economists use input-output (I/O) analysis to calculate trade multipliers. Multipliers reflect the impacts of trade in farm and food products in terms of employment and/or output. Benchmark I/O tables that economists use to generate trade multipliers are published by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). These tables show the production of goods and services and the transaction flows of goods and services between different producing sectors of the economy and to different components of final use. I/O tables are prepared primarily from U.S. Census data.
ERS annually estimates trade multipliers for agricultural and food exports for the most current calendar year available. The employment and output multipliers reflect 2002 levels adjusted for changes in prices and labor productivity to the most recent year available.
The several thousand (over 4,000 import and over 2,000 export) FATUS 10-digit U.S. HTS codes that USDA defines as agricultural are bridged into the appropriate Input-Output sectors for analysis using the Concordance between 2002 Input-Output Commodity Codes and Foreign Trade Harmonized Codes found in the BEA's Benchmark Input-Output 2002 Data Files.
This "vector" of agricultural exports (i.e., final demand) differs from the definitions of agriculture used in most studies of industry contributions to national income as well as those used by BEA and the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Consequently, the employment and output multipliers and other results reported here will not match with BEA and other data analysis that is based on North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) definitions of production agriculture. Agricultural exports included in the FATUS definition include nonfarm exports from the food processing, pharmaceutical, organic chemical, adhesive and other sectors which BEA does not include in its definition. Out of 434 I/O-NAICS sectors, 61 produced FATUS-defined agricultural exports.
Since the late 1970s, ERS has analyzed the economy-wide impacts of agricultural trade using a consistent annual grouping of commodities designated as agricultural by USDA in accordance with a congressional directive. USDA's Foreign Agricultural Services (FAS) and ERS are jointly responsible for defining and maintaining U.S. agricultural trade data which they do through the Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States (FATUS) database. The several thousand (over 4,000 import and over 2,000 export) FATUS 10-digit U.S. HTS codes defined as agricultural are bridged into the appropriate Input-Output sectors for analysis using the Concordance between 2002 Input-Output commodity codes and Foreign Trade Harmonized Codes found in the BEA's Benchmark Input-Output 2002 Data Files.
Because this "vector" of agricultural exports (i.e., final demand) is different from the definitions of production agriculture used in the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS), the employment and output multipliers and other results reported here will not match with BEA and other data analysis based on NAICS definitions of agriculture. Agricultural exports included in the FATUS definition include nonfarm exports from the food processing, pharmaceutical, organic chemical, adhesive, and other sectors that BEA does not. Out of 434 I/O-NAICS sectors, 61 produced FATUS- defined agricultural exports.
For further information, please see Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States (FATUS): Questions and Answers and the U.S. Agricultural Trade Topic.
Multiplier analysis helps quantify the entire impact of a given economic activity (e.g., exporting) on economic sectors, industries, and households. For example, an agricultural trade multiplier encapsulates the relative values of farmers' purchases of fertilizer and tractor parts from manufacturers and the value of farm products sold to food processing plants, feed mills, or other nonfarm businesses. Agricultural trade multipliers also include the producing sectors' payment of wages, salaries, and other incomes that accrue to U.S. households as a result of agricultural trade.
I/O analysis uses the information contained in "benchmark" year accounting tables to provide a snapshot of the interrelationships between the sectors of an economy. The BEA publishes benchmark-year accounting tables every 5 years. The most recent national-level I/O table was constructed for calendar year 2002
ERS estimates agricultural trade multipliers using an open I/O model. Analysts assume that 1) the set of industry interrelationships embedded in an input-output benchmark table does not change dramatically over time, 2) the relationships quantified in the 2002 national I/O table adequately describe the current economy, and 3) these relationships do not vary as production rises or falls.
I/O models further assume the only limit on the output of an economy is a lack of markets for its production. That is, as new demands emerge, such as increased exports, an unlimited supply of goods will meet them. The models do not consider capacity, feasibility, or profitability. In practical terms, as the economy expands due to exports, one would expect prices to change. However, I/O-based models do not consider price changes in their equations. Price change must be dealt with exogenous to, or outside of, the model itself, usually by indexing the results.
The ERS estimated employment multipliers are value based (i.e., number of jobs per billion dollars). Value-based employment multipliers change as each commodity price changes and as the Nation's labor productivity changes. Employment multipliers should also consider the value of, and adjust for, changes in the value of the transportation and wholesale-and-retail trade margins associated with the export of a commodity. Adjusting the margins will affect the total size of an employment or output multiplier.
ERS estimates have already been adjusted by these price and labor productivity indices.
I-O Table 1 thumb Open I/O models measure the direct and indirect effects of economic activity (agricultural exports); that is, the impacts of sales and purchases between all goods and service sectors of the economy, sales to final demand (consumption, investment, government, and net exports), and purchases of land, labor, and capital services. Generally, open-model multipliers are best suited to describe what has already happened in an economy or the interrelatedness of sectors in a base period.
In an open model, the analyst first chooses either a level of exports or a change in exports (it does not matter which; the input-output model is a linear and proportional economic model). The model can express the results as an output or income multiplier by dividing the total output or income by the value of exports (i.e., economic activity per $1 of exports). The model generates a jobs multiplier—the number of jobs required to produce the output that goes for export—by dividing the number of jobs by the total value of exports (i.e., jobs per billion dollars of exports).
The need to adjust for price change arises because so many separate commodities are traded that the only meaningful way to report aggregate trade data is in value terms. When it is not practical to use individual prices, economists use price indices to adjust a trade value to a base year's prices. Using price indices can influence the multiplier estimates. The price index is an average of several prices representative of the commodity group for which the price adjustment is being made. For example, feed grain is the commodity group used for corn. The weight given each representative commodity is fixed at the base year's level. For example, in 2002 (the base year), corn accounted for 89 percent of feed grain exports. When the relative importance of a commodity changes in the mix of agricultural commodities traded, the price adjustment from a fixed-weight price index will adjust, albeit imperfectly, for actual prices.
Industry employment estimates are derived by ERS analysts based on data from USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Survey and BLS's Office of Employment Projections. The open I/O model estimates the amount of jobs required given the levels of economic activity (i.e., exports). The employment multipliers in the ERS estimates will vary according to the commodity and/or group of commodities chosen and year measured due to labor productivity changes. The resulting ERS estimates could very well be more or less than measurements of actual industry employment for the calendar year--given that the model uses full-time equivalent jobs and does not account for overtime, part time, temporary work, etc.
The U.S. Department of Commerce defines margin or margin costs as "the value of the trade services provided in delivering commodities from producers' establishments to purchasers, where the purchaser pays for the services." The margins included in the ERS I/O model used to calculate agricultural trade multipliers come from the benchmark-year I/O accounting tables and reflect national averages of the costs associated with shipping, handling, and distributing commodities for export. By turning these actual base-year values into a percentage distribution, a modeler can allocate prices paid at the port to the appropriate sector (i.e., producer, transportation, or wholesale and retail trade).
This concept is similar to "markups" in retail trade. For every dollar spent by a consumer in a retail establishment, a portion goes directly to the seller or store where the item was purchased. A second portion goes to the trucking company that hauled the item to the store. The third, and usually largest, portion goes to the farm (in the case of commodities) or manufacturer (in the case of food and nonfood items). Similarly, port-value multipliers can be apportioned into producer, transportation, and wholesale-and-retail-trade margins. The benchmark I/O tables have nine categories of margins, which are summed to three for the ERS estimates of port-value multipliers.
Producer-value multipliers reflect the value of the commodity as it leaves the farm gate or manufacturer's door. Port-value multipliers include the producer value and shipping, handling, and storage charges between the farm and the port. In the 2002 base year I/O table, the weighted-average producer value of all agricultural exports was 81 percent of the port value.
To approximate the ERS methodology, here is a simplified example of a producer value-based open model multiplier, which estimates the total number of jobs related to a given year's level of commodity exports. First, the export value is expressed in 2002 dollars. A price index is used to convert the export level to constant 2002 dollars. For example, the indexed prices received by farmers for feed grains increased from 100 (1990-92=100) to 162 from 2002 to 2009. The $10 billion of 2009 corn exports in 2002 dollars is thus $10 billion x 100/162, or $6.173 billion. The value of corn exports ($6.173 billion) times an employment multiplier of 18,140 workers per billion dollars of 2002 corn exports equates to 111,975 jobs related to total corn exports. This is a producer value-based multiplier.
To understand port value-based open model multipliers, the simplified example continues. First, the share of the export value related to transportation and wholesale and retail trade, or "margins," is removed so that the multiplier applies only to the producer value of this $10 billion of 2009 corn exports. In 2002, the producer share of corn exports was 62 percent. The number of jobs related to corn exports therefore is $10 billion x .62 x 100/162 (the price index) x 18,140 (the number of required farmworkers), or 69,425 jobs.
To use a port-value multiplier correctly, one needs to add the jobs related to assembling, handling, and shipping from the producer to the port. For transportation services, this is $10 billion x .16 (the transportation share of port value) x .806 (2002 transportation prices/2009 transportation prices) x 12,948 transportation workers per billion dollars of 2002 corn exports, or 16,698 jobs. For wholesale and retail trade services, this equates to $10 billion x .22 (the trade share of the total export value at the port) x .881 (2002 trade prices/2009 trade prices) x 18,771 trade workers per billion dollars of 2002 corn exports, or 36,382 jobs. The jobs total is 69,425 +16,698 + 36,382, or 122,505 workers. All three shares (producer, .62; transportation, .16; and wholesale and retail trade, .22) add to 1.
The first estimate for jobs related to corn exports, 111,975 workers, is lower than the second estimate because the adjustment for the feed grain price change applies to the full value of exports, even the transportation and wholesale-and-retail-trade portions. The second estimate, 122,505 workers, which includes adjustments of all port price components rather than the full value of exports, gives the most accurate multiplier.
These simplified examples do not include an adjustment for labor productivity from the base year (2002) to the current year. However, such adjustments are included in the ERS estimates.
Last updated: Wednesday, February 13, 2013
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KINGS Bakery management is upset over the potential loss of business due to sudden works on the Lonsdale-Brown St roundabout.
The works started early on Thursday morning and blocked vehicle access to Lonsdale St from Brown St as well as access to Brown St from Lonsdale St.
Motorists passing through the roundabout on Lonsdale St faced delays as Southern Grampians Shire workers guided vehicles from both directions through the one available lane on the Shakespeare St side.
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Home runs are beautiful, magical, spontaneous things. They can happen at any time in a baseball game. They can turn the tide of a baseball game in an instant. Watching live at the ballpark, the roar of the crowd tells you all you need to know about most home runs. Sometimes it isn't the roar at all, it's the gasp that really sells the moment.
On TV, it's different. The crack of the bat and center field camera don't pain the entire picture through the screen. Most home runs are accompanied by some variation of "it's deep and outta here!" when conveyed to the listen on the radio or the viewer on TV. It's hard to stand out from the crowd.
But some voices break through the din. Some calls are distinctive enough to bring you to a time or place when you hear it. The greats cause the hair on the back of your neck to stand on end. Let's celebrate the best practitioners in the game by counting down the five best home run calls in baseball.
Dishonorable Mentions
Sadly, most home run calls aren't "bad" as much as "bland". It is hard for a homer shout to distinguish itself as bad or good as they're mostly all the same. The orgasmic Marlins duo of That Guy and His Partner, who sound a lot more like a couple frat bros playing Call of Duty than professional broadcasters ("ooohhhhhhhhhhhhh!" is a common refrain), deserve a shoutout for being especially unappealing.
Yankees radio guy John Sterling is an easy target for his silly plays on each Yankees' name. It's forced and unnatural but at least he makes each one his own.
Honorable Mentions
Buck Martinez, Toronto Blue Jays
Is Buck on this list for no reason other than the existence of the Buck Martinez Soundboard? A lady never tells and a gentleman never asks.
Tom Hamilton, Cleveland
That's good clean fun right there. On to the top five!
5. Gary Thorne, Baltimore Orioles
Gary Thorne doesn't have a distinct, patented home run call. He seems to just let the moment flow through him. It's organic and it is pure magic. Gary Thorne can do know wrong in my eyes, even when he's painting PED users with the same wide brush, straight up calling them out on the air. Whatever. That man uses his instrument in a way few others can. Drink it in.
4. Vin Scully, Los Angeles Dodgers
An obvious pick that I took great pains to exclude but, in the end, the legend forced his way in. It's the little things.
3. Duane Kuiper, San Francisco Giants
Let there be no doubt – Kuip's call is patently ridiculous. He bellows and changes register like well-trained opera singer. But it works. Everything about Kruk and Kuip works as they're the best working booth in the game. The home run calls stay fresh longer when you cover the Giants as they hit so few in their Marine Layer deathtrap by the Bay.
Nothing like a wacky play to shake the average PBP guy out of his doldrums. Having to make stuff up on the go is tough when you're already into full-bellied shout, but Kuip somehow, or somewhat, pulls it off.
2. Ernesto Jerez, ESPN Desportes
How is this not number one? Racism, probably.
Pure magic. Bonus points for the Nolan Ryan plain face at 0:19 mark of the video above. Jerez is an international delight.
1. The Hawk, Chicago White Sox
Let's get all our cards on the table here: Ken Harrelson is not my favorite broadcaster. He might be my least favorite. Listening to him whine and cry and complain through another Pale Hose loss is a true pleasure. Almost all his homer calls are so far over the top, so annoying it is to wish ill upon the White Sox forever. If they went 0-162 and poor Kenny burst into tears on the air, it would be a fine day for America.
But leave the baggage aside. Ignore the cornpone verbiage and the larger than life persona. Just listen to the home run call. It's…well it's great. It's fun. You know it's coming and, were you able to divorce yourself from the rest of his act, it's an enjoyable call. It's distinctive – more distinctive than any other home run call in baseball. Even if you couldn't name three players on the White Sox, there is a good chance you know this call.
Give the devil his due – Ken Harrelson's home call is special and deserves a sober assessment as such.
That is the sign of a great home run call and frankly makes it the best in the game. In an industry that tries as hard as it can to grind off the rough edges and conform "good hair and teeth" guys into compelling broadcasters, the enormous White Sox homer has done the impossible. He created something that just might outlive him as a broadcaster. The ultimate compliment, loath as I am to pay it.


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What's New
Minor bugs resolvedApp Description
Run, jump, slide and…set up traps!If you thought that sloths were boring, Crazy Lazy Runner will make you change your mind.
Make the slowest animal on earth run, slide through zip lines, smash enemies, dress up as Elvis or propel yourself into the skies with The Jetpack…but mainly, sting at your friends and beat your rivals to win real money.
Crazy Lazy Runner is an endless game in which you will have to run as far as possible to beat your friends' and your own scores. And if you can't, take revenge on him by setting up a trap on his way.
Enjoy the laziness!
• Special Abilities: Double jump, glide, punch
• Different utilities: Magnet, turbo, shield, double coins
• Bonus Levels
• Themed Costumes: cool pyjama, tracksuit, adventurer and Elvis the King of Rock
• Different environments: jungle, desert and snow.
• More than 50 missions and 20 achievements!
• Bets through CashPlay to win real money.
• Possibility to add your friends via Facebook and Twitter
• Share your score via Twitter and Facebook!
• Music and original sound
• Play multiplayer games and compete against other people to win money!
Compete against your friends to be the best runner!
App Changes
October 07, 2013 Initial Release


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Hi everyone. Our design provides for a 9' wide x 30' mudroom that straddles the kitchen/FR and attached garage. It provides a family entrance for 3 kids, drop zone, laundry, and leads out to the pool. In addition to lots of storage on both sides of a 4'6" passage, I would like the mudroom to contain a walk-in pantry and a bathroom so the swimmers do their showering and pottying here. Do you think...
* 2'8" x 7'5" is too small for a walk-in shower and toilet used primarily by kids? Shower on one end, toilet on other, pocket door in between. I would be open to having this be a "wet room' where the whole room is tiled w/ floor drain (will have to figure out the toilet paper shelter), and also open to having no sink since the laundry sink will be right next to this bathroom * 5' wide x 4'8" deep too tiny for a walk-in pantry to store food, Costco purchases, cleaning supplies ? I would probably do a cute long curtain in lieu of door. It would actually be a walk-thru pantry as it would be open to the kitchen on on end, to the mudroom on the other. Thank you for your wisdom, home builders ! * |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by palimpsest (My Page) on Tue, Mar 20, 12 at 11:55
I would try to go 36" wide. Other than that I think you are good, and you could still have a tiny handwashing sink. I would try to do an in-the-wall tank, wall hung toilet. If the toilet paper is high up, and in a recessed holder you should avoid saturating it. You could also used a covered commercial holder. |
Hi Palimpsest. Thanks for weighing in. I agree 3' would be ideal if I'm willing to cramp the mudroom passageway. A tiny sink would also be ideal but I figure that area between the toilet and shower will also have to serve as the swimsuit-changing area, so may be better to keep it clear. |
- Posted by lavender_lass (My Page) on Tue, Mar 20, 12 at 17:26
Well, you need to have a sink, so I'm guessing it's in the mudroom area? I'd rather have more room in the bathroom/wet room, than the passageway. Do you have other access to the pool area..maybe from the kitchen or family room? Then, it's mainly kids, running back and forth to the pool. |
- Posted by palimpsest (My Page) on Tue, Mar 20, 12 at 18:24
There could actually be a small sink mounted in the corner of the shower. |
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July is one of the hottest months of the year. The average temperature changes from 26 °C (78.8 °F) to 34 °C (93.2 °F) during the day. It is almost sunny everyday this month and sometimes cloudy. You may feel hot as it is even scorching outside, especially when you are in the sun in the afternoon. Sunscreen and a pair of sunglasses are crucial when outdoors to protect you from the strong sunshine. A dress or a mini skirt is also recommended.
July marks the beginning of the summer holiday. Many parents take their children on a trip, and Changsha is a great city for children to learn the history of China and commemorate President Mao.
In July, the city of Changsha may be full of travelers. In other words, it is hard to book flights to Changsha and reserve hotel rooms. China Highlights can give you a hand with these preparations. See our website for more on our tours of Changsha.


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Students attend European film fest
Nicole Miscioscia
July 09, 2013
Nineteen Emerson students studying in the Prague Summer Film Program attended the opening weekend of the 48th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, viewing films from all over the world, many of which were premieres, and soaking in the old world ambiance of Karlovy Vary, a spa town known for its mineral springs.
Students traveled 70 miles west of Prague with Jim Lane, executive director of the Los Angeles Program, to attend the KVIFF.
"Travel is a meaningful part of the educational experience in this program," said Lane. "In addition to travelling to Karlovy Vary, students will also visit the village of Terezin, once the site of a World War II concentration camp, and the medieval town of Litoměřice," Lane added.
The KVIFF is one of the oldest film festivals in Europe, and ranks alongside Venice and Cannes.
Lane has led students on this program for more than 15 years.
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Hootenanny Night to be held at Gallery Zeke
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- Parent Category: News
- Category: Steelville News
- Written by Chris Case
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Celebrated St. Louis folk artist will be featured guest
Woodystock 2014 will close out its month-long celebration of the legendary American musician and folk troubadour Woody Guthrie this weekend at Gallery Zeke in Steelville. Woodystock has recognized both Guthrie and his musical legacy with Saturday night folk music events at the gallery throughout the month of April.
This Saturday night (April 26), St. Louis singer-songwriter Cassie Morgan will perform a set of her folk song material at Gallery Zeke, starting at 7:30 p.m.
Morgan was named one of the 100 Greatest Musicians in St. Louis History by St. Louis Magazine in 2012 and was recognized by the Riverfront Times in 2009 as the Best Folk Artist, Best Female Singer-Songwriter, and Best Female Vocalist.
"If folk music is to remain vital, evolving and yet faithful to a timeless tradition," wrote a scribe for the Riverfront Times, "then it needs more artists like Cassie Morgan."
She often performs as a duo (Cassie Morgan and the Lonely Pine, which won the Best Folk Band award by the Riverfront Times in 2011), but will be performing a solo set within the intimate confines of Gallery Zeke this weekend. This is a great opportunity to hear Morgan perform live, something she has never done before in this part of the state.
Saturday night will also be Hootenanny Night at the art gallery. After Morgan performs her set, the stage will be opened up to local musicians who want to sing their favorite Woody Guthrie or other folk-related song. Acoustic instruments only, please. Bring a guitar, fiddle, banjo, or mandolin to the gallery, and lead the audience in a folk revival sing-along!
Doors at Gallery Zeke will open Saturday night at 7 p.m. The music starts at 7:30 p.m. There is no admission fee, but donations for the gallery are gladly accepted to help pay for production costs. All ages show.
Woodystock is sponsored by the Steelville Arts Council, a nonprofit, 501c3 organization dedicated to supporting the arts and artists of this region. It is hoped that the Woodystock folk celebration can continue to be an annual event in Steelville.
For more information on upcoming events, follow the Steelville Arts Council and Gallery Zeke pages on Facebook. The arts council's website is steelvilleartscouncil.org. Gallery Zeke is located at 103 E. Main St. in downtown Steelville, next door to the Missouri Hick BBQ restaurant.


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What are the best beginner martial arts programs for women?
What are the best beginner martial arts programs for women?
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So, you've heard about the advantages of learning a martial art – it's a great workout, you'll learn how to defend yourself, and you'll get a great boost in self-confidence – but you're feeling a little too intimidated to start. After all, big, sweaty macho men do martial arts, right? They're not going to want a woman to train with them, will they?
The answer is ... yes and no. Many martial arts have their fair share of big, sweaty macho men, and some styles definitely have an air of machismo about them – yeah, I'm talking about you, Brazilian Jiu Jitsu! But that's still no reason to be scared off from martial arts! Most studios emphasize respect for all students, and there are a lot of beginner martial arts programs for women, even in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu. So don't think that you're going to drown in a sea of testosterone the minute you step foot in a studio or get the stink eye from a bunch of guys wondering why a woman wandered into their class.
There are a few things to consider before choosing the martial arts style that's best for you. Are you only interested in getting a good workout or in better shape before stepping foot in a martial arts studio? If so, then a cardio-kickboxing or kettlebell class might be the right choice for you. Cardio-kickboxing is a great way to introduce yourself to martial arts, and there's probably a class offered at your local gym. You won't learn intricate techniques, but you will build up the musculature and stamina needed for a lot of martial arts. Kettlebell workouts are very intense, and you'll get in tip-top shape fast. And getting in better shape and feeling stronger will definitely give you a huge boost if you decide to try a traditional form of martial arts.
If you really want to learn self-defense and think the great workout is an added plus, then there are still some things to think about. Some martial arts styles are much more physically demanding and "hands on" than others, which means you'll be training and sparring with an opponent right from the start. Since most martial arts schools have a high male-to-female ratio (which might also be a plus!), you'll probably have to train and spar with a man.
You shouldn't worry about getting hurt (besides the occasional bump or bruise), but you still need to consider your comfort level when it comes to getting 'up close and personal' with someone you don't know. If you're ready to dive right into some hardcore fighting, then you might want to try Brazilian Jiu Jitsu, Muay Thai kickboxing, or Krav Maga. If you want to learn a martial art at a less aggressive pace, then Tae Kwon Do, Karate, or Wing Chun Kung Fu might be more to your liking.
Brazilian Jiu Jitsu is a streamlined form of grappling designed for maximum impact that includes choke holds and limb locks. It's very intense and not for the faint of heart, but if you're looking for self-defense, it can't be beat. There are belts in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu, but you won't be learning forms or katas to advance. Advancement in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu depends on how well you spar, which means you'll have to prove your ability on the mat.
Muay Thai kickboxing will literally kick your butt, and it's one of the best standing fighting styles out there. And like Brazilian Jiu Jitsu, you'll only advance by actually fighting in the ring. There are a lot of schools offering "mock" Muay Thai that's really just a blend of other fighting styles, so make sure the school you choose has certified Muay Thai instructors.
Krav Maga is the official self-defense system of the Israeli Defense Forces, and it's specifically designed to teach you effective and practical hand-to-hand combat techniques. It's an amazing workout, and most schools have great programs for women.
You'll do a whole lot of kicking in Tae Kwon Do, but you'll also have to learn about the spiritual side of the martial art. Tae Kwon Do is very popular, so you probably won't have any problem finding a program in your area.
Karate is the term most associated with martial arts, but there are a variety of styles of Karate to choose from. Karate styles are based on striking with both hands and feet, and you can find styles that emphasize either the more philosophical or combative aspects of the art.
Wing Chun Kung Fu is a martial art that emphasizes close-range striking and combat techniques, and legend tells that it was developed by a woman. Bruce Lee originally trained in Wing Chun, and if you've ever seen a martial arts film where the star is practicing on a wooden dummy that has sticks jutting out, he was probably practicing Wing Chun.
In order to advance in Tae Kwon Do, Karate, or Wing Chun, you'll have to learn forms or katas, which are a specific series of complex movements. If the idea of have to actually fight to advance doesn't appeal to you, then you might want to one of those three styles.
Everyone is a beginner at some point, so you shouldn't be nervous if you've never punched or kicked anything before. At the end of the day, a martial arts studio is a business that needs new clientele in order to thrive, and women mean big business. Most studios will offer free or low-cost introductory lessons, programs for beginners, and programs designed specifically for women, so do a little research beforehand and find a studio that has a variety of options that suit your needs.
There are so many great beginner martial arts programs for women, but whatever you do, check out the studio first to get a feel for the class style and instructors. Don't be afraid to listen to your gut when checking out a studio for the first time. Like it or not, there is still a lot of machismo in martial arts, and you don't want to train at a school that doesn't respect its female clientele. Martial arts are not just for macho men anymore, so get out there, girl! Kick some butt!
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This might be asking too much but just a thought.. something that could make this even better would be maybe add some links to where the above mentioned low cost introductory lessons if there are any government backed programs. Other than that, this answer really gave me some good headway on how to start. Thanks so much!
By Anonymous on 11-08-13 at 10:42pm
Having studied martial arts for the past 15 years, here's my advice on the subject. If you're looking to get in shape? Aerobics/Cardio kickboxing. However, if you're looking to learn how to defend yourself? Go to a few dojos and look around. If anywhere you see the words ATA/NTFA and see trophies in the windows or displayed somewhere? That school is training for a tournament and trying to use what you've learned in a real life situation is going to get you hurt. This goes for any school of any particular art. I personally have a wing chun/japanese shotokan karate/aiki ju jitsu background. I learned all these things under the same school where my sensei took the best principles of the three and created his art Take Seiken Bu-Jutsu. The term "Do" in japanese means "house" or "way" and typically the instructor there is making it into a show. I've sparred and shared knowledge with some of the best Tae Kwon Do and aikido artists in my area, and I will tell you from personal experience those arts can get you hurt. You may have a few cool party tricks to show off with, but in a fight? You'll go home embarassed and hurt. To summarize, if you walk in and see trophies? Time to leave. If you pull up to a parking lot and see trophies displayed in the window? Don't even go inside. Also, having had a sensei with japanese shotokan/wing chun background? I never, once in my life, have performed a kata. Traditional schools in these styles may perform katas, but either of these schools would be far more effective than TKD. Period. Katas are and originally were created for teaching you symmetry in your body. If your karate instructor (for instance) has you do ten blocks/strikes/kicks in one direction and work your way back across the room with the exact same number and type of strikes/blocks/kicks in assorted stances? It's to show you your own symmetry and how your footwork may be off. (don't step farther in one direction than another; essentially it keeps your base grounded at all times)
By Brad on 22-03-14 at 03:56pm
If you're looking for real martial arts self-defense class, you're not going to be able to avoid being in a mostly male class, nor are you going to want to be. What would be the point of practicing self-defense on a female who isn't likely to attack you in real life? With that being said, they usually pair you up with somebody your own weight and skill level, so you're not getting your butt kicked constantly. My daughter has done Brazilian Jujitsu for
years and ROLLS the boys; she'll be breaking arms by 15. #PrincessWarrior
By Proud Dad on 04-06-14 at 03:43am
Check out some of the women's martial arts organizations to contact women in martial arts - Pacific Association of Women Martial Artists (www.pawma.org) and the National Association of Women Martial Artists (WWW.NWMAF.org). See a list of instructors qualified to teach women's self defense.
By Nikki on 08-08-14 at 01:55pm
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Sunday, January 14, 2007
Sometimes, it's about NOT riding
six inches of snow is tough to ride through.
Blog it!
or your coping mechanism...
OK Michael, even though my pal Tammy said it eloquently on her blog when she said "this is not the weather channel", I'm going to talk about the weather.
It sounds stupid when I say it this year, but Issaquah usually doesn't get much snow downtown. Yeah, the low mountains get a dusting and when you get up into the Cascades there is lots of snow but normally in the valley we either get cold dry weather or warm damp weather. But last week we got hit. Six inches of snow and temp has stayed below freezing for days.
I have studded snow tires but I also have a really lovely, concerned wife and a lot to live for. And while I can kind of slip-slide my way around, the thought of multi-ton SUVs slip-sliding around made even a macho-stupid guy like me think this over. Thursday I took the bus to work.
Actually, the bus I thought I'd take to work never showed up. The Sound Transit bus couldn't make it up to the Issaquah Highlands so they scrapped that run. King County Metro, which runs smaller buses equipped with snow chains, kept their routes running. I rode the 214 from Issaquah to Seattle, listening to the crunching of the chains on the snow and ice, looking at a lot of parked and sliding cars and trucks.
There wasn't nearly as much snow in Seattle. Mark and John both rode to work but most of my human-powered friends opted for transporting themselves by pedestrian or mass-transit means. The Safeway Dot Com trucks couldn't deliver in the snow and ice so Christine has a mini vacation for the duration of the foul weather. Even the Seattle International Randonneurs, a group most folks would call stupid-tough, cancelled their Saturday ride.
And so I've been taking the bus, walking around and spending time with my wife. The pictures here are from Saturday and the snow has barely started to melt. And while we were out, new flakes began to fall. The gears of this world have not quite ground to a halt but it is a good time to hunker down. I am hiking down snowy trails, taking pictures of frozen things, buying grippy boots and re-learning how to bundle up. I am staring at maps and plotting summer adventures.
And we made a big pot of soup last night.
I recently wrote to a friend that rest is as important as riding. Some times it is the time not to ride. Now is one of those times for me.
4 comments:
- beth h said...
Omigosh it's pretty where you are! Thanks for sharing the pix.
This weather is amazing! What a break from the normal routine! I hope the kids remember for a long time the 6 days in-a-row of sledding through the 'hood. I know the snowy rides through Soaring Eagle park on the mtb have been fantastic. Unfortunately, the bike commute to Kent is grounded until the thaw completes.
- Cody G. said...
I beg to differ!
I'm in Iowa City, IA with a few inches of snow on the ground and a few more coming this weekend, and it's my favorite time to ride my bike. It certainly is a lot of work and can double your commute time, but the thrill of riding in snow makes me feel like a kid.
Granted, we're used to a bit of snow each winter, and at the first sign of a flake the city crews are out plowing and laying down a salt & sand mixture. That said, it's way better to stick to smaller side streets, since they tend not to plow those. There is less car traffic and, oh yes indeedy... more snow!
Check out http://www.icebike.org/ for tips and sometimes strange advice for riding in snow. - 3:40 PM
- Kent Peterson said...
Yeah, back when I lived in Duluth MN I did plenty of ice biking. But this video from Portland gives you a good idea of what this latest batch of weather was like in terms of the drivers in the Pacific NW.
http://youtube.com/watch?v=SPE8vL5hlFA - 3:51 PM


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Level Required – 55
Build thanks to youtube's MetalMusicMan04
Monks have gotten a lot of their Spirit spenders boosted in terms of damage. Today's Monk Inferno solo build will reflect some of the changes added by patch 1.0.4. We have a mix of Spirit generating skills, Spirit spenders and a lot of damage output.
Wave of Light is our main focus of this setup and since two handed weapons have been boosted, dual wielding is no longer a must but rather a matter of personal choice. For this Monk build we went for a two handed weapon. The damage of the skill will be affected by the damage of the weapon.
Before we go into the details of this Inferno build, let's check the skill setup:
Left Mouse Button – Crippling Wave with the Mangle rune
Right Mouse Button – Wave of Light with the Wall of Light rune
Action Key 1 – Blinding Flash with the Faith in the Light rune
Action Key 2 – Breath of Heaven with the Blazing Wrath rune
Action Key 3 – Mantra of Conviction with the Overawe rune
Action Key 4 – Serenity with the Peaceful Repose rune
Passive Skill 1: One With Everything
Passive Skill 2: Exalted Soul
Passive Skill 3: Chant of Resonance
The Mechanics Of The Build
The damage output of Wave of Light is huge when used in this combination. Not only that it deals 565% weapon damage but it also gets a boost when Blinding Flash and Breath of Heaven are used. Since its efficiency is closely related to the damage of the main hand. This particular Diablo 3 Monk build hits the hardest when a two handed weapon is used.
Except for One With Everything, this is a pure glass cannon setup. The ability to mitigate and absorb damage is very limited. To make up for this gap, Serenity needs to be added to the mix. It provides 3 seconds of invincibility which is just enough to finish a Champion or Elite pack by dropping a huge bell on their heads. The sequence of the combo should be Breath of Heaven, Blinding Flash and Wave of Light. This will ensure that the bell gets a decent damage boost.
From the utility perspective, this Monk build is great for farming Inferno. With some decent gear on board, normal monsters will not stand a chance and Elites, Champions and Bosses will die with just a few hits. The only downside to it is Spirit management. Wave of Light can Spirit starve the Monk if it is not used effectively. It should be saved for difficult fights. Serenity follows the same rule but the reason is different. It has a cooldown and it should only be used when the Monk is facing mobs that might seem challenging such as Arcane Enchanted, Desecrator, Fire Link and so on.
For optimal results, recasting the Matra just before hitting the bell button will give an additional 24% damage boost. However, this requires an additional 50 Spirit which is very difficult to manage. It will starve the character. Other than that, this Inferno Monk build is fairly simple. It can used in combination with two one hand weapons which will require the replacement of Chant of Resonance with The Guardian's Path.
Popular Terms
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text: SPRINGFIELD Local professionals and students will have the chance to network with and learn from leaders in business and media during Western New England College's (WNEC) Communication and Leadership Conference on April 7. The conference runs from 7:30 a.m. until 4 p.m. on the college's main campus. The conference features a variety of workshops that will help participants improve their leadership skills and better promote their messages. This year's event is an expansion of the college's communications conference that took place each January for the past six years. "We've expanded the workshop offerings in order to provide participants with more tools to advance their careers and their organizations," Brian Zelasko, director of community relations at WNEC, said. "This year's lineup of presenters is a who's who of local, regional and national experts in communication and media." The conference is presented by WNEC, the Valley Press Club, the Advertising Club of Western Massachusetts and the Affiliated Chambers of Commerce of Greater Springfield. The conference kicks off with the Affiliated Chambers of Commerce of Greater Springfield's April Breakfast Club meeting, featuring the results of a WNEC Polling Institute market survey on the image of the city of Springfield. Following the breakfast, conference participants will have the chance to choose from a range of workshops designed to sharpen skills, explore new technologies, and network with fellow professionals. A highlight of the event is the Media Roundtable, featuring reporters, editors and news directors from a wide variety of media outlets, including Reminder Publications' G. Michael Dobbs, sharing inside tips on how to generate publicity. Students will have the opportunity to learn where jobs are growing in the various communications industries, how to make a good first impression and take part in a simulated live television report. During the conference luncheon, the Valley Press Club will present its Lifetime Achievement Award to retired photojournalist Vincent S. D'Addario. For more than 40 years, D'Addario's iconic photographs captured important moments in the lives of the people of the Pioneer Valley, earning him numerous regional and national awards. Conference fees (including breakfast and lunch) are $140 for business professionals, $120 for members of non-profits and $70 for students. Discounts of up to $60 per person are available for those registering by March 23 and for two or more people from the same organization. Tickets to the Lifetime Achievement Award luncheon only are available for $25 each. To register or for more information, call 782-1249 or visit www.wnec.edu/communications. |


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July 17th, 2014
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A new television documentary entitled "Beasts of the Bible," brings together Bible scholars and zoologists for a fresh perspective on the animals found in scripture, such as Jonah's whale and the serpent in the Garden of Eden.
One example is from the book of Exodus when Moses confronts Pharaoh and his sorcerers. Moses then throws down his staff and it is believed that the staff turns into a snake. According to the documentary, the staff actually turned into a crocodile.
Simcha Jacobovichi, executive producer of "Beasts of the Bible," told CBN News that the film will give viewers greater insight into their faith.
The documentary airs at 2:00 p.m. April 11 on the Animal Planet cable channel.
Why Christians Must Stand With Jews, Israel
Film Documents Peanut Inventor's Journey of Faith
Animal Planet
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More reviews by mardhiahlatiff
i saw an immediate improvement on the clarity of my skin after the first application. i love this product so much! it is quite expensive but it is definitely cheaper than having it done professionally. HG!!
This product is amazing. It works so well on breakouts and blocked pores This is the best thing i have used on my 33 year old skin!!!!
I love almost everything about these.
The peel is a mixture of glycolic and citric acid, it comes in single packages containing a thoroughly drenched cotton pad.
Clean your face, swipe it on. Leaving it for 5 - 10 minutes works out best for me, directions say you could go much longer though. It doesn't burn, but I can definitely feel it working its magic - a slight warming sensation paired with a bit of an insistent itch - it's not too uncomfortable though. I take the solution off with my regular cleanser and plenty of water, then moisturize with a rich cream. Here's where I can feel the first effects of the peel: My skin soaks up the moisture much better directly after. Instead of drying me out like many other exfoliants do, this helps me to keep my skin hydrated using it once a week.
Other benefits: I noticed old scars fading and the skintone overall evening out.
The only minus for me is that these only come in a kit with cream sachets of the Neostrata Bionic face cream that I have absolutely no use for. I'm picky with moisturizers and mine works fab with the pads anyway. That's probably the only thing that would keep me from buying again IF I could find something else comparable ingredient wise.
2 out of 2 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
the very best! citriate solution.. in individual packets... swipe over face leave on 5-15 minutes.. a perfect deep peel! even toned skin....
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the very best thing I do for my face once a week.
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At 5:Won Donn H. (G1)2nd Dubai World Cup (UAE-G1)Foaled April 11, 1999.Entered stud in 2005 at Stonewall Farm, later moved to Darley in Kentucky. From his first 2006 crop, he produced Horse of the Year Rachel Alexandra. From his third crop,Kentucky Oaks winner Plum Pretty. Also stands at Kelvinside, Australia (Darley).


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I was always under the impression an all brick home was more energy efficient than a vinyl sided home. While mentioning to a friend that I wanted our new home to be all brick, because I thought brick was more energy efficient than the vinyl sided home he claims it is not.Now I am wondering who is right.
Like I mention in another post this will be our first new home and I want to get it as close to right as I can. I am a complete newb at this and again would appreciate this forums members opinions. Thanks again Bob |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by Bydesignprez (My Page) on Mon, Mar 14, 05 at 14:21
Brick probably has a slight edge in terms of energy efficiency but not by much. The insulation in the wall come from what is underneath the outside sheathing. Check with your local housing department to see what is the minumum and recommnded insulation factors and then the house should meet that standard.If you are buying an existing house, some rules of thumb are that 6 inch walls can contain up to R 20 whereas 4 inch walls contain only R12. The more insulation, the greater the initial costs, but the less energy the house will consume. It's a trade off and depends what part of the country you are in as to what makes sense. I am on the frozen prairies so our minimum now is R20. The overall tightness of the structure and window numbers, placement and energy efficiency all have an important bearing. Check out the Dept of Energy or housing for more information on how to assess this. |
. I'll toss in that IF brick vs vinyl ( or any other material ) makes any difference in the "efficiency" of a place; the insulation is woefully inadequate. Siding material is NOT where energy efficiency comes from; insulation and tightness IS. Brick is a huge thermal mass . . . . vinyl siding is not . . but since they're both outside the "envelope" it really doesn't matter . . . Insulate and seal the place well; including vapor barriers and an air exchange system ( ERV of HRV ) and then put up whatever siding material you want. . . . Bob |
Well, don't forget that properly installed brick veneer siding has an airspace behind it, and as research has shown, brick does let in air and air leakage at many points, so....if there's any edge, it's so small that it's insignificant. What's more important, as pointed out, is the substructure of ANY siding job. |
- Posted by LazyPup (firstname.lastname@example.com) on Mon, Apr 18, 05 at 20:23
Consult the schedule J tables and you will see that brick will convey heat at a greater rate than wood or vinyl, therefore brick has a bit lower R-value, however, brick has nearly no infiltration loss as opposed to nearly 40% infiltration loss for open studs and siding therefore, in the end they both work out to nearly the same. The real difference comes into play when you consider what type of insulation is in the walls and how the inner wall is constructed as well. Every change in the wall construction from the interior paint to the exterior siding has an effect on the overall R value of the wall and with rare exceptions no two walls are the same. |
- Posted by bigeasyjock (My Page) on Sun, Apr 24, 05 at 17:23
Get that brick INSIDE a well insulated home and then you'll have something. Brick acts as a thermal mass as RC mentions so if inside the house it will absorb the ambient heat and release this back into the house slowly when the temps drop. Get that same brick on an interior south facing room where it can also absorb solar heat (sunlight must be hitting the brick) and you'll be another step ahead. As to vinyl it is much used here in the South but it does have some major maintence problems; stains easy and we have red clay dust here that vinyl seems to soak up and in the high summer humidity of the South the north facing wall seems to grow mold in no time flat. Vinyl also punctures pretty easy. I'm thinking kids with pellet guns on this last. Mike |
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Very nice blush and its very pigmented. The picture on the website of the Plum blush looks very bright and super pink but in real life its more of a dark deep pink but it goes on lighter than it looks. The packaging is super cute, it reminds me of Sailor Moons transformation compact XD. and its a decent size, takes up most of the space in my palm. Color is very buildable and is entirely organic X)
1 out of 1 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No


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Santos De Miami Haven
Product Features
- Size: 6 x 54
Santos De Miami Haven
Availability: Usually ships in 24 hours
The Santos de Miami Box Press cigar is made in Miami, FL by the Jameson Cigar Company. The Santos de Miami features an art deco band that highlights the style that defined much of South Beach in the 1920's-1960's. The cigar is a 6 x 54 box press that is finished with the traditional pigtail cap. The Santos de Miami is a Dominican puro with corojo and criollo filler, a Criollo '98 binder, and a Havana Corojo wrapper.
The box press on this stick is impressive, the tobacco is well packed along the entire length of the smoke as well. The aroma coming from the wrapper is a sweet Dominican tobacco with a hint of spicy flavor coming from the foot. The pre-light draw gives us a sweet and spicy mixture.
The 1st third brings us creamy, nutty and toasted wood flavors with an appearance of spice on the finish. The 2nd third brings in some hints of berry while dialing back the wood and allowing the spice to shine through some more. The final third is more of the same with some more pronounced berry flavors making their presence known.
Overall, this is a great stick to try in this price range. Give one of the small boutique brands a chance to impress you, like they did me.