text:
Anti-diabetic medication
Drugs used in diabetes treat diabetes mellitus by lowering glucose levels in the blood. With the exceptions of insulin, exenatide, liraglutide and pramlintide, all are administered orally and are thus also called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic agents. There are different classes of anti-diabetic drugs, and their selection depends on the nature of the diabetes, age and situation of the person, as well as other factors.
Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a disease caused by the lack of insulin. Insulin must be used in Type I, which must be injected.
Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a disease of insulin resistance by cells. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes. Treatments include (1) agents that increase the amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas, (2) agents that increase the sensitivity of target organs to insulin, and (3) agents that decrease the rate at which glucose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Several groups of drugs, mostly given by mouth, are effective in Type II, often in combination. The therapeutic combination in Type II may include insulin, not necessarily because oral agents have failed completely, but in search of a desired combination of effects. The great advantage of injected insulin in Type II is that a well-educated patient can adjust the dose, or even take additional doses, when blood glucose levels measured by the patient, usually with a simple meter, as needed by the measured amount of sugar in the blood.
This section does not cite any references or sources. (April 2013) |
Insulin is usually given subcutaneously, either by injections or by an insulin pump. Research of other routes of administration is underway. In acute-care settings, insulin may also be given intravenously. In general, there are three types of insulin, characterized by the rate which they are metabolized by the body. They are rapid acting insulins, intermediate acting insulins and long acting insulins.
Examples of rapid acting insulins include
- Regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R)
- Insulin lispro (Humalog)
- Insulin aspart (Novolog)
- Insulin glulisine (Apidra)
- Prompt insulin zinc (Semilente, Slightly slower acting)
Examples of intermediate acting insulins include
- Isophane insulin, neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) (Humulin N, Novolin N)
- Insulin zinc (Lente)
Examples of long acting insulins include
- Extended insulin zinc insulin (Ultralente)
- Insulin glargine (Lantus)
- Insulin detemir (Levemir)
The following table compares some common anti-diabetic agents, generalizing classes, although there may be substantial variation in individual drugs of each class. When the table makes a comparison such as "lower risk" or "more convenient" the comparison is with the other drugs on the table.
Comparison of anti-diabetic medication[1][2] | |||
agent[2] | mechanism[3] | advantages[2] | disadvantages[2] |
Sulfonylurea (glyburide, glimepiride, glipizide) | Stimulating insulin release by pancreatic beta cells by inhibiting the KATP channel |
Metformin | Acts on the liver to reduce gluconeogenesis and causes a decrease in insulin resistance via increasing AMPK signalling. |
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (acarbose, miglitol, voglibose) | Reduces glucose absorbance by acting on small intestine to cause decrease in production of enzymes needed to digest carbohydrates |
Thiazolidinediones (Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone) | Reduce insulin resistance by activating PPAR-γ in fat and muscle |
Most anti-diabetic agents are contraindicated in pregnancy, in which insulin is preferred.[3]
Insulin sensitizers address the core problem in Type II diabetes—insulin resistance.
Biguanides reduce hepatic glucose output and increase uptake of glucose by the periphery, including skeletal muscle. Although it must be used with caution in patients with impaired liver or kidney function, metformin, a biguanide, has become the most commonly used agent for type 2 diabetes in children and teenagers. Among common diabetic drugs, metformin is the only widely used oral drug that does not cause weight gain.
Typical reduction in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) values for metformin is 1.5–2.0%
- Metformin (Glucophage) may be the best choice for patients who also have heart failure,[5] but it should be temporarily discontinued before any radiographic procedure involving intravenous iodinated contrast, as patients are at an increased risk of lactic acidosis.
- Phenformin (DBI) was used from 1960s through 1980s, but was withdrawn due to lactic acidosis risk.[6]
- Buformin also was withdrawn due to lactic acidosis risk.[7]
Metformin is usually the first-line medication used for treatment of type 2 diabetes. In general, it is prescribed at initial diagnosis in conjunction with exercise and weight loss, as opposed to in the past, where it was prescribed after diet and exercise had failed. There is an immediate release as well as an extended-release formulation, typically reserved for patients experiencing GI side-effects. It is also available in combination with other oral diabetic medications.
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), also known as "glitazones," bind to PPARγ, a type of nuclear regulatory protein involved in transcription of genes regulating glucose and fat metabolism. These PPARs act on peroxysome proliferator responsive elements (PPRE).[8] The PPREs influence insulin-sensitive genes, which enhance production of mRNAs of insulin-dependent enzymes. The final result is better use of glucose by the cells.
Typical reductions in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) values are 1.5–2.0%. Some examples are:
- rosiglitazone (Avandia): the European Medicines Agency recommended in September 2010 that it be suspended from the EU market due to elevated cardiovascular risks.[9]
- pioglitazone (Actos)
- troglitazone (Rezulin): used in 1990s, withdrawn due to hepatitis and liver damage risk[10]
Multiple retrospective studies have resulted in a concern about rosiglitazone's safety, although it is established that the group, as a whole, has beneficial effects on diabetes. The greatest concern is an increase in the number of severe cardiac events in patients taking it. The ADOPT study showed that initial therapy with drugs of this type may prevent the progression of disease,[11] as did the DREAM trial.[12]
Concerns about the safety of rosiglitazone arose when a retrospective meta-analysis was published in the New England Journal of Medicine.[13] There have been a significant number of publications since then, and a Food and Drug Administration panel[14] voted, with some controversy, 20:3 that available studies "supported a signal of harm," but voted 22:1 to keep the drug on the market. The meta-analysis was not supported by an interim analysis of the trial designed to evaluate the issue, and several other reports have failed to conclude the controversy. This weak evidence for adverse effects has reduced the use of rosiglitazone, despite its important and sustained effects on glycemic control.[15] Safety studies are continuing.
In contrast, at least one large prospective study, PROactive 05, has shown that pioglitazone may decrease the overall incidence of cardiac events in people with type 2 diabetes who have already had a heart attack.[16]
Secretagogues are drugs that increase insulin output from the pancreas.
Sulfonylureas were the first widely used oral anti-hyperglycaemic medications. They are insulin secretagogues, triggering insulin release by inhibiting the KATP channel of the pancreatic beta cells. Eight types of these pills have been marketed in North America, but not all remain available. The "second-generation" drugs are now more commonly used. They are more effective than first-generation drugs and have fewer side-effects. All may cause weight gain. A 2012 study found sulfonylureas raise the risk of death compared with metformin.[4]
Sulfonylureas bind strongly to plasma proteins. Sulfonylureas are useful only in Type II diabetes, as they work by stimulating endogenous release of insulin. They work best with patients over 40 years old who have had diabetes mellitus for under ten years. They cannot be used with type I diabetes, or diabetes of pregnancy. They can be safely used with metformin or -glitazones. The primary side-effect is hypoglycemia.
Typical reductions in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) values for second-generation sulfonylureas are 1.0–2.0%.
- First-generation agents
- tolbutamide (Orinase, Rastinon brand name )
- acetohexamide (Dymelor)
- tolazamide (Tolinase)
- chlorpropamide (Diabinese)
- Second-generation agents
- glipizide (Glucotrol, Minidiab, Glibenese)
- glyburide or glibenclamide (Diabeta, Micronase, Glynase, Daonil, Euglycon)
- glimepiride (Amaryl)
- gliclazide (Uni Diamicron)
- glycopyramide
- gliquidone (Glurenorm)
Nonsulfonylurea secretagogues[edit]
Meglitinides help the pancreas produce insulin and are often called "short-acting secretagogues." They act on the same potassium channels as sulfonylureas, but at a different binding site.[17] By closing the potassium channels of the pancreatic beta cells, they open the calcium channels, thereby enhancing insulin secretion.[18]
They are taken with or shortly before meals to boost the insulin response to each meal. If a meal is skipped, the medication is also skipped.
Typical reductions in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) values are 0.5–1.0%.
- repaglinide (Prandin, NovoNorm)
- nateglinide (Starlix)
Adverse reactions include weight gain and hypoglycemia.
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors[edit]
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are "diabetes pills" but not technically hypoglycemic agents because they do not have a direct effect on insulin secretion or sensitivity. These agents slow the digestion of starch in the small intestine, so that glucose from the starch of a meal enters the bloodstream more slowly, and can be matched more effectively by an impaired insulin response or sensitivity. These agents are effective by themselves only in the earliest stages of impaired glucose tolerance, but can be helpful in combination with other agents in type 2 diabetes.
Typical reductions in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) values are 0.5–1.0%.
These medications are rarely used in the United States because of the severity of their side-effects (flatulence and bloating). They are more commonly prescribed in Europe. They do have the potential to cause weight loss by lowering the amount of sugar metabolized.
Research has shown that the culinary mushroom maitake (Grifola frondosa) has a hypoglycemic effect,[19][20][21][22][23][24] possibly due to the mushroom acting as a natural alpha glucosidase inhibitor.[25]
Peptide analogs[edit]
Injectable Incretin mimetics[edit]
Incretins are insulin secretagogues. The two main candidate molecules that fulfill criteria for being an incretin are glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, GIP). Both GLP-1 and GIP are rapidly inactivated by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4).
Injectable Glucagon-like peptide analogs and agonists[edit]
Glucagon-like peptide (GLP) agonists bind to a membrane GLP receptor.[18] As a consequence, insulin release from the pancreatic beta cells is increased. Endogenous GLP has a half-life of only a few minutes, thus an analogue of GLP would not be practical.
- Exenatide (also Exendin-4, marketed as Byetta) is the first GLP-1 agonist approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Exenatide is not an analogue of GLP but rather a GLP agonist.[26][27] Exenatide has only 53% homology with GLP, which increases its resistance to degradation by DPP-4 and extends its half-life.[28] Typical reductions in A1C values are 0.5–1.0%.
- Liraglutide, a once-daily human analogue (97% homology), has been developed by Novo Nordisk under the brand name Victoza. The product was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) on July 3, 2009, and by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on January 25, 2010.[29][30][31][32][33][34]
- Taspoglutide is presently in Phase III clinical trials with Hoffman-La Roche.
- Lixisenatide (Lyxumia) Sanofi Aventis
These agents may also cause a decrease in gastric motility, responsible for the common side-effect of nausea, and is probably the mechanism by which weight loss occurs.
Gastric inhibitory peptide analogs[edit]
- None are FDA approved
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors[edit]
GLP-1 analogs resulted in weight loss and had more gastrointestinal side-effects, while in general DPP-4 inhibitors were weight-neutral and increased risk for infection and headache, but both classes appear to present an alternative to other antidiabetic drugs. However, weight gain and/or hypoglycaemia have been observed when DPP-4 inhibitors were used with sulfonylureas; effect on long-term health and morbidity rates are still unknown.[35]
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors increase blood concentration of the incretin GLP-1 by inhibiting its degradation by dipeptidyl peptidase-4.
Examples are:
- vildagliptin (Galvus) EU Approved 2008
- sitagliptin (Januvia) FDA approved Oct 2006
- saxagliptin (Onglyza) FDA Approved July 2009
- linagliptin (Tradjenta) FDA Approved May 2, 2011
- allogliptin
- septagliptin
DPP-4 inhibitors lowered hemoglobin A1C values by 0.74%, comparable to other antidiabetic drugs.[36]
A result in one RCT comprising 206 patients aged 65 or older (mean baseline HgbA1c of 7.8%) receiving either 50 or 100 mg/d of Sitagliptin was shown to reduce HbA1c by 0.7% (combined result of both doses).[37] A combined result of 5 RCTs enlisting a total of 279 patients aged 65 or older (mean baseline HbA1c of 8%) receiving 5 mg/d of Saxagliptin was shown to reduce HbA1c by 0.73%.[38] A combined result of 5 RCTs enlisting a total of 238 patients aged 65 or older (mean baseline HbA1c of 8.6%) receiving 100 mg/d of Vildagliptin was shown to reduce HbA1c by 1.2%.[39] Another set of 6 combined RCTs involving Alogliptin (not yet approved, might be released in 2012) was shown to reduce HbA1c by 0.73% in 455 patients aged 65 or older who received 12.5 or 25 mg/d of the medication.[40]
Injectable Amylin analogues[edit]
Amylin agonist analogues slow gastric emptying and suppress glucagon. They have all the incretins actions except stimulation of insulin secretion. As of 2007[update], pramlintide is the only clinically available amylin analogue. Like insulin, it is administered by subcutaneous injection. The most frequent and severe adverse effect of pramlintide is nausea, which occurs mostly at the beginning of treatment and gradually reduces. Typical reductions in A1C values are 0.5–1.0%.
SGLT-2 inhibitors block the re-uptake of glucose in the renal tubules, promoting loss of glucose in the urine. This causes both mild weight loss, and a mild reduction in blood sugar levels with little risk of hypoglycaemia.[41] Urinary tract infection is a common side effect. Examples of SGLT-2 inhibitors include:
- Canagliflozin (Invokana - FDA approved March 2013)
- Dapagliflozin (marketed in Europe as Forxiga)
Natural substances[edit]
A number of medicinal plants have been studied for the treatment of diabetes, however there is insufficient evidence to determine their effectiveness.[42] Cinnamon has blood sugar-lowering properties, however whether or not it is useful for treating diabetes is unknown.[43] Researchers from Australia's Swinburne University have found extracts from Australian Sandalwood and Indian Kino tree slows down two key enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism.[44] Bioassay-directed fractionation techniques led to isolation of isoorientin as the main hypoglycemic component in Gentiana olivieri.[45]
While chromium supplements have no beneficial effect on healthy people, there might be an improvement in glucose metabolism in individuals with diabetes, although the evidence for this effect remains weak.[46] Vanadyl sulfate, a salt of vanadium, is still in preliminary studies.[47] There is tentative research that thiamine may prevent some diabetic complications however more research is needed.[48]
Many anti-diabetes drugs are available as generics. These include:[49]
- Sulfonylureas - glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide
- Biguanides - metformin
- Thiazolidinediones (Tzd) - pioglitazone, Actos generic
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors - Acarbose
- Meglitinides - nateglinide
- Combination of sulfonylureas plus metformin - known by generic names of the two drugs
No generics are available for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (Januvia, Onglyza) and other combinations.
- ^ Cambon-Thomsen, A.; Rial-Sebbag, E.; Knoppers, B. M. (2007). "Trends in ethical and legal frameworks for the use of human biobanks". European Respiratory Journal 30 (2): 373–382. doi:10.1183/09031936.00165006. PMID 17666560. adapted from table 2, which includes a list of issues
- ^ a b c d Consumer Reports Health Best Buy Drugs. "The Oral Diabetes Drugs: Treating Type 2 Diabetes". Best Buy Drugs (Consumer Reports): 20. Retrieved September 18, 2012., which is citing
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (March 2011). "Oral Diabetes Medications for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. An Update". Comparative Effectiveness Review. number 27 (AHRQ Pub. No. 11–EHC038–1). Retrieved 28 November 2012.
- Bennett, W. L.; Maruthur, N. M.; Singh, S.; Segal, J. B.; Wilson, L. M.; Chatterjee, R.; Marinopoulos, S. S.; Puhan, M. A.; Ranasinghe, P.; Block, L.; Nicholson, W. K.; Hutfless, S.; Bass, E. B.; Bolen, S. (2011). "Comparative effectiveness and safety of medications for type 2 diabetes: An update including new drugs and 2-drug combinations". Annals of internal medicine 154 (9): 602–613. doi:10.1059/0003-4819-154-9-201105030-00336. PMC 3733115. PMID 21403054.
- ^ a b c d Table entries taken from page 185 in: Elizabeth D Agabegi; Agabegi, Steven S. (2008). Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series). Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-7153-6.
- ^ a b http://news.yahoo.com/metformin-outperforms-common-class-diabetes-drugs-study-160405357.html
- ^ Eurich; McAlister, FA; Blackburn, DF; Majumdar, SR; Tsuyuki, RT; Varney, J; Johnson, JA (2007). "Benefits and harms of antidiabetic agents in patients with diabetes and heart failure: systematic review". BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 335 (7618): 497. doi:10.1136/bmj.39314.620174.80. PMC 1971204. PMID 17761999.
- ^ Fimognari; Pastorelli, R; Incalzi, RA (2006). "Phenformin-induced lactic acidosis in an older diabetic patient: a recurrent drama (phenformin and lactic acidosis)". Diabetes Care 29 (4): 950–1. doi:10.2337/diacare.29.04.06.dc06-0012. PMID 16567854.
- ^ Verdonck; Sangster, B; Van Heijst, AN; De Groot, G; Maes, RA (1981). "Buformin concentrations in a case of fatal lactic acidosis". Diabetologia 20 (1): 45–6. doi:10.1007/BF01789112. PMID 7202882.
- ^ http://www.healthvalue.net/diabetesinsulinPPAR.html
- ^ European Medicines Agency, "European Medicines Agency recommends suspension of Avandia, Avandamet and Avaglim", EMA, 23 September 2009
- ^ Hinterthuer, Adam (October 1, 2008). "Retired Drugs: Failed Blockbusters, Homicidal Tampering, Fatal Oversights". Wired News. Retrieved 2009-06-21.
- ^ Haffner, Steven M. (2007). "Expert Column – A Diabetes Outcome Progression Trial (ADOPT)". Medscape. Retrieved 2007-09-21.
- ^ Gagnon, Louise (2007). "DREAM: Rosiglitazone Effective in Preventing Diabetes". Medscape. Retrieved 2007-09-21.
- ^ Nissen; Wolski, K (2007). "Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes". The New England Journal of Medicine 356 (24): 2457–71. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa072761. PMID 17517853. Lay summary – Associated Press (May 21, 2007).
- ^ Wood, Shelley (2007-07-31). "FDA Advisory Panels Acknowledge Signal of Risk With Rosiglitazone, but Stop Short of Recommending Its Withdrawal". Heartwire. Retrieved 2007-09-21.
- ^ Ajjan; Grant, PJ (2008). "The cardiovascular safety of rosiglitazone". Expert opinion on drug safety 7 (4): 367–76. doi:10.1517/147403184.108.40.2067. PMID 18613801.
- ^ Erdmann; Dormandy, JA; Charbonnel, B; Massi-Benedetti, M; Moules, IK; Skene, AM; Proactive, Investigators (2007). "The effect of pioglitazone on recurrent myocardial infarction in 2,445 patients with type 2 diabetes and previous myocardial infarction: results from the PROactive (PROactive 05) Study". Journal of the American College of Cardiology 49 (17): 1772–80. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.12.048. PMID 17466227.
- ^ Rendell (2004). "Advances in diabetes for the millennium: drug therapy of type 2 diabetes". MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine 6 (3 Suppl): 9. PMC 1474831. PMID 15647714.
- ^ a b "Helping the pancreas produce insulin". HealthValue. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-21.
- ^ Konno; Tortorelis, DG; Fullerton, SA; Samadi, AA; Hettiarachchi, J; Tazaki, H (2001). "A possible hypoglycaemic effect of maitake mushroom on type 2 diabetic patients". Diabetic Medicine 18 (12): 1010. doi:10.1046/j.1464-5491.2001.00532-5.x. PMID 11903406.
- ^ Hong; Xun, M; Wutong, W (2007). "Anti-diabetic effect of an alpha-glucan from fruit body of maitake (Grifola frondosa) on KK-Ay mice". The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 59 (4): 575–82. doi:10.1211/jpp.59.4.0013. PMID 17430642.
- ^ Kubo; Aoki, H; Nanba, H (1994). "Anti-diabetic activity present in the fruit body of Grifola frondosa (Maitake). I". Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 17 (8): 1106–10. doi:10.1248/bpb.17.1106. PMID 7820117.
- ^ Lo, HC; Hsu, TH; Chen, CY (2008). "Submerged culture mycelium and broth of Grifola frondosa improve glycemic responses in diabetic rats". The American journal of Chinese medicine 36 (2): 265–85. doi:10.1142/S0192415X0800576X. PMID 18457360.
- ^ Manohar; Talpur, NA; Echard, BW; Lieberman, S; Preuss, HG (2002). "Effects of a water-soluble extract of maitake mushroom on circulating glucose/insulin concentrations in KK mice". Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 4 (1): 43–8. doi:10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00180.x. PMID 11874441.
- ^ Horio; Ohtsuru, M (2001). "Maitake (Grifola frondosa) improve glucose tolerance of experimental diabetic rats". Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology 47 (1): 57–63. doi:10.3177/jnsv.47.57. PMID 11349892.
- ^ Matsuur; Asakawa, C; Kurimoto, M; Mizutani, J (2002). "Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor from the seeds of balsam pear (Momordica charantia) and the fruit bodies of Grifola frondosa". Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 66 (7): 1576–8. doi:10.1271/bbb.66.1576. PMID 12224646.
- ^ Briones; Bajaj, M (2006). "Exenatide: a GLP-1 receptor agonist as novel therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus". Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy 7 (8): 1055–64. doi:10.1517/14656518.104.22.1685. PMID 16722815.
- ^ Gallwitz (2006). "Exenatide in type 2 diabetes: treatment effects in clinical studies and animal study data". International journal of clinical practice 60 (12): 1654–61. doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01196.x. PMID 17109672.
- ^ Cvetković; Plosker, GL (2007). "Exenatide: a review of its use in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (as an adjunct to metformin and/or a sulfonylurea)". Drugs 67 (6): 935–54. doi:10.2165/00003495-200767060-00008. PMID 17428109.
- ^ http://www.drugs.com/nda/liraglutide_080530.html May 2008
- ^ http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/74913.php "Liraglutide Provides Significantly Better Glucose Control Than Insulin Glargine In Phase 3 Study" June 2007
- ^ http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/110349.php "Clinical Study Shows Liraglutide Reduced Blood Sugar, Weight, And Blood Pressure In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes" June 2008
- ^ http://www.drugdevelopment-technology.com/projects/liraglutide/
- ^ http://www.novonordisk.com/science/about_rd/quarterly_rd_update.asp Oct 2008 Inc results of LEAD 6 extension
- ^ http://money.cnn.com/news/newsfeeds/articles/marketwire/0580389.htm January 2009
- ^ National Prescribing Service (August 1, 2010). "Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors ('gliptins') for type 2 diabetes mellitus". RADAR.
- ^ Amori RE, Lau J, Pittas AG (2007). "Efficacy and safety of incretin therapy in type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis". JAMA 298 (2): 194–206. doi:10.1001/jama.298.2.194. PMID 17622601.
- ^ Barzilei, N; Mahoney EM; Guo H (2009). "Sitagliptin is well tolerated and leads to rapid improvement in blood glucose in the first days of monotherapy in patients aged 65 years and older with T2DM". Diabetes 58: 587.
- ^ Doucet, J; Chacra, A; Maheux, P; Lu, J; Harris, S; Rosenstock, J (April 2011). "Efficacy and safety of saxagliptin in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus". Current medical research and opinion 27 (4): 863–9. doi:10.1185/03007995.2011.554532. PMID 21323504.
- ^ Pratley, RE; Rosenstock, J; Pi-Sunyer, FX; Banerji, MA; Schweizer, A; Couturier, A; Dejager, S (December 2007). "Management of type 2 diabetes in treatment-naive elderly patients: benefits and risks of vildagliptin monotherapy". Diabetes Care 30 (12): 3017–22. doi:10.2337/dc07-1188. PMID 17878242.
- ^ Pratley, RE; McCall, T; Fleck, PR; Wilson, CA; Mekki, Q (November 2009). "Alogliptin use in elderly people: a pooled analysis from phase 2 and 3 studies". Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 57 (11): 2011–9. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02484.x. PMID 19793357.
- ^ Dietrich, E; Powell, J; Taylor, JR (November 2013). "Canagliflozin: a novel treatment option for type 2 diabetes.". Drug Design, Development and Therapy 22 (7): 1399–1408. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S48937. PMID 24285921.
- ^ Yeh, GY; Eisenberg, DM, Kaptchuk, TJ, Phillips, RS (April 2003). "Systematic review of herbs and dietary supplements for glycemic control in diabetes". Diabetes Care 26 (4): 1277–94. doi:10.2337/diacare.26.4.1277. PMID 12663610.
- ^ Kirkham, S; Akilen, R; Sharma, S; Tsiami, A (December 2009). "The potential of cinnamon to reduce blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance". Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 11 (12): 1100–13. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2009.01094.x. PMID 19930003.
- ^ "Indian plant extracts may help treat diabetes". The Times Of India. 4 July 2012.
- ^ Hypoglycaemic activity of Gentiana olivieri and isolation of the active constituent through bioassay- directed fractionation techniques. Ekrem Sezik, Mustafa Aslan, Erdem Yesilada, Shigeru Ito, Life Sciences, 28 January 2005, Volume 76, Issue 11, Pages 1223–1238, doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2004.07.024
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- ^ Thompson, KH; Lichter, J; LeBel, C; Scaife, MC; McNeill, JH; Orvig, C (April 2009). "Vanadium treatment of type 2 diabetes: a view to the future". Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 103 (4): 554–8. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2008.12.003. PMID 19162329.
- ^ Thornalley, PJ (August 2005). "The potential role of thiamine (vitamin B1) in diabetic complications". Current diabetes reviews 1 (3): 287–98. doi:10.2174/157339905774574383. PMID 18220605.
- ^ "The Oral Diabetes Drugs Treating Type 2 Diabetes Comparing Effectiveness, Safety, and Price". Retrieved July 17, 2013.
Further reading[edit]
- Lebovitz, Harold E. (2004). Therapy For Diabetes Mellitus and Related Disorders (4th ed.). Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association. ISBN 1-58040-187-2.
- Adams, Michael Ian; Holland, Norman Norwood (2003). Core Concepts in Pharmacology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-089329-3.


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Hi! My name is Tiffany Jeffers-Taylor. I grew up in Chattanooga, TN. My paternal grandfather's name was Theodore Isaac Jeffers and his parents were John and Mollie (Molly) Jeffers they were from the Knoxville, TN area. Possibly from Straw Plains, Jefferson County. This is all that I know about the "Jeffers" side of my family. My dad doesn't know anything more and neither do his siblings to my knowledge. My grandfather, Theodore, was the only boy his parents had and he and all of his siblings have passed away. If anyone knows anything about John and Mollie I would greatly appreciate some help. Notify Administrator about this message?
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Sat, Jul 9, 05 at 21:25
Two weeks ago, on a Monday, my local paper runs a small item that the Master Gardener program is seeking new volunteers to take the training course. On Tuesday I call them and leave a message with my name and phone number. No reply for days, so Friday I call again, once again leave a message with same info. Later that day someone calls me back, and I explain that I am very interested in becoming a volunteer and would love to take the training program. She is going to put my application in the mail on Tuesday. (It was kind of strange but she didn't ask me for my address; I kind of had to prompt her to take it.) So, that was supposed to be Tuesday; here is it Saturday and no application in the mail (it's only one town over where she was going to mail it from and it would, at most, take two days.)
So, what do you suggest I do (if anything?) Call again? Frankly I'm getting a little annoyed. Or have they perhaps already decided against me? (Both mesages I left were brief-ish, very friendly and positive. And I was equally friendly and positive on the phone with the woman.) |
Follow-Up Postings:
I would call again, or better yet, pick up the application in person before they have a full count of people for the class. I tried for several weeks to get the MG application and the coordinator on the phone, then I finally got someone who could barely speak on a phone...so I just printed the application out from the Internet and mailed it off, with a voice message to the MG staff that my application was in the mail. If I had waited around for something in the mail from them, I may have missed the chance for the interviews and so forth. Be a little forward, gracefully, if you really want to enter the program. I don't think they're ignoring you. It may be chaos on their end, or very few people covering the admin base. All the best... Trish |
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Sunset over Liverpool
This photo was shot on film. Taken by itsmemikey with a Canon AE-1 loaded with Fuji Sensia film (available in our Online Shop) in Liverpool, United Kingdom. These tags describe this photo: canon, ae1, sensia, fuji, liverpool, xpro, cross, processed, colour, red, docks, liver, bird, beatles, billy, fury, lennon, and glasses. Date: 2012-04. This photo can also be found in the album Liverpool.Please login to get more out of this site
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Sensia is such a nice film! Look at these colours!
I didn't realise before I took these pics of Liverpool that Sensia when cross processed would come out favouring reds. I don't think I could have picked a better film from my point of view to capture Liverpool, being a Liverpool supporter it's like it was meant to be!


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On December 7, 1941, the Japanese surprise attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dubbed the attack as 'a date which will live in infamy,' and he couldn't have predicted it better. 70 years later, Americans vividly remember what happened on that fateful day … The Empire of Japan launched a surprise attack on the US naval base in Hawaii killing 2,350 people. The wreckage at Pearl Harbor was devastating. The USS Downes and USS Cassin are shown here soon after the end of the Japanese air attack. Cassin capsized onto the Downes.
Related articles
- US Commemorates Pearl Harbor Anniversary (voanews.com)


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I'm being cared for by:
Southland Collie Rescue - San Diego County
Facts about Rocky
- Breed: Sheltie, Shetland Sheepdog Mix
- Color: Brown/Chocolate
- Age: Senior
- Size: Large 61-100 lbs (28-45 kg)
- Sex: Male
My name is Rocky!
Rocky's Info...
I am already neutered, housetrained, up to date with shots, good with kids, and good with dogs.
Adorable Rocky is probably a Sheltie mix but in a small smooth collie size. He was given to a shelter in San Diego when his owner died, and the man's son didn't know his age so guessed him at 12. We think he is younger as he is very spry and jumps in an out of vehicles for his car rides. He is in a foster home with other Collies and is an easy keeper. He's good with dogs, kids, is housebroken, and ready for a home where he can give out the love he likes to bestow on his people. He's such a cutie!
About Southland Collie Rescue - San Diego County
About Our Rescue Group...
Southland Collie Rescue, Inc. (SCR), a non-profit corporation located in the Southern California area, coordinates for several Collie Rescues in the Southland. All of our Collie Rescues find homes for purebred Collies and, when possible, Collie mixes from shelters, from people who have taken in strays, and from owners who can no longer care for their Collie. We foster our rescued Collies in private homes throughout Los Angeles and adjacent counties.Our Adoption Process...
Adoptions ONLY in Southern CaliforniaAdoption Information
All of our collies are healthy, altered and current on their vaccinations prior to placement. An application and home visit are required prior to adoption. An adoption donation is requested to cover costs of rescue, rehabilitation and re-homing collies.
Learn more about the collie breed and view collies in action.


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Zack Snyder, the director of the highly anticipated 'Batman vs Superman,' continues to tantalize us with pics from the set. He's tweeted two amazing shots of his stars: Ben Affleck as Batman and Henry Cavill as Superman. Superman looks like he visited some Jedi from 'Star Wars,' doesn't he? RELATED: Michael Cera joins the 'Batman vs Superman' cast as The Riddler.
Daily Link Love
With MELISSA MCCARTHY & SUSAN SARANDON
Here's your daily dose of celebrity news and gossip, brought to you by 'Tammy' stars Melissa McCarthy and Susan Sarandon as well as Melissa's husband (and 'Tammy' co-writer) Ben Falcone!
- Ready for another Tori Spelling and Dean McDermott reality TV show? (D Listed)
- Are Ellen Page and Shailene Woodley dating? (OK! Magazine)
- Charlie Hunnam steamed up this Calvin Klein 'Reveal' ad. Disappointed he dropped out of 'Fifty Shades of Grey' now? (Lainey Gossip)
- Uh-oh: Christian singers are suing Katy Perry over her song 'Dark Horse.' (HuffPost Celebrity)
- Is Blue Ivy Carter already turning into a mini-Beyonce? (PopSugar)
- Nicole Kidman and Keith Urban jet out of Sydney with their daughters. (Celebrity Baby Scoop)
- Justin Bieber's at it again: see how his wild ways ended up getting these condo owners an expensive bill! (TMZ)
- Does Kim Kardashian need to be a little more careful with her wardrobe choices? (Evil Beet Gossip)
- Is Brad Pitt ready to leave Angelina Jolie over a rumored sex tape? (Celeb Dirty Laundry)
- OMG: why is Emma Watson under investigation by the British government? (PopCrush)
- I think it's safe to say Joe and Melissa Gorga's sale of their mansion has turned into a complete and utter MESS. (Reality Tea)
- Meet the new Trump princess: Donald and Vanessa Trump introduce their daughter, Chloe Sofia. (Celebrity Babies – People)
- Only the best of the best for Joe Francis' twin daughters: their baby registry tops $14K! (Babyrazzi)
- Jennifer Meyer designed Courteney Cox's engagement ring. (ICYDK)
- HELLO, Superman! Here's a shot of Henry Cavill looking very impressive in his suit for this still for 'Batman vs Superman: Dawn of Justice.' (Celebuzz)
- Bruce Jenner Was Not Having It with the paparazzi. (Celebuzz)
- Angelina Jolie releases a statement after the death of Louis Zamperini; she directed the film adaptation of his biography, 'Unbroken.' (Celebitchy)
- Oh boy: French Montana's estranged wife says he left her and their son for Khloe Kardashian. (Bossip)
Photos by FAMEFLYNET
Joins BATMAN V SUPERMAN Cast As The Riddler
Michael Cera, best known for his roles in Juno and Arrested Development (although he's had some hilarious bit parts in other films), has reportedly signed on to the cast of Batman v Superman as The Riddler.
The flick, which stars Ben Affleck as Batman (something that some fans are up in arms about, but I am loving!) will also have a second villain. [Read more…]
Gives Her First Post-Wedding Interview
Kaley Cuoco-Sweeting, one of the stars of the hit series The Big Bang Theory, gave her first interview since her New Year's Eve wedding to none other than Cosmopolitan, and landed herself a gorgeous cover!
In addition to dishing about her totally glam wedding and her brief fling with Henry Cavill, [Read more…]
Hot Guys Of The Day
We're giving you a double dose of hotness today! Here's 'Man of Steel' star Henry Cavill and 'Lone Ranger' star Armie Hammer. They're co-starring in the film 'The Man From U.N.C.L.E.' Henry and Armie are shooting a scene in Rome.
Each of these guys is HAWT is his own right. Now we get to see them on screen together? It's a good thing movie theaters tend to be well air-conditioned! I don't even know what the movie is about, but I'm ready to see it- LOL. Happy Friday!
Photos by FAMEFLYNET
Why Did She Dump Henry Cavill?
Remember when Kaley Cuoco dated Superman star Henry Cavill for a quick hot minute? Yeah, that relationship ended as quickly as it started. Well, we're now hearing that it was Kaley who pulled the plug on their relationship because apparently she couldn't handle all the publicity she was getting with him. Here's the scoop:
Actress Kaley Cuoco was reportedly overwhelmed by her relationship with actor Henry Cavill and it was difficult for her to deal with the non-stop attention.
Cavill and Cuoco split up last month following a brief romance and friends of the 27-year-old actress said the relationship was difficult for her, reports contactmusic.com.
"She just got overwhelmed with the very public Superman relationship. She's not used to that much attention and chaos in her life," a source told OK! Magazine.
The Big Bang Theory actress has now moved on to tennis player Ryan Sweeting and is much happier with this low-key romance, from what we're hearing. Hey, whatever floats your boat, right? I don't blame Kaley for pulling the plug with Henry, though. It's not easy being in a relationship and having the spotlight on you at the same time!
Photos via FameFlynet
Great Scott! The Couple Splits
Well, that was quick. 'Man of Steel' star Henry Cavill and 'Big Bang Theory' star Kaley Cuoco have split. A source confirmed to People that Henry and Kaley have ended their relationship. No reason was given for the break-up.
Maybe Henry and Kaley went public- or were exposed- too soon. I can't imagine being in the beginning stages of a relationship and having it being dissected in the media. That's such a delicate time, getting to know each other. Well, hopefully there aren't any hard feelings and the split was amicable.
Photos by FAMEFLYNET
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Should the New 'RoboCop' Look the Same as the Old 'RoboCop'?
Movie News By Jack Giroux on September 16, 2012 | Comments (9)Elite Squad director José Padilha's RoboCop just began principal photography, but for the past few weeks things have not been looking up for this mostly unwanted PG-13 remake. There was word over Padilha being pushed around behind-the-scenes, that the script is a disaster, and the fantastic prospect of Hugh Laurie terrorizing the futuristic cop was killed. So, after a string of disappointing news, this first-look at Joel Kinnaman rocking the new RoboCop gear isn't helping matters. Check out Kinnaman looking more like a superhero than a man whose shot up body bits are being reused as a symbol of facism, and while you're at it, read why that's a bad thing:
Michael K. Williams May Force You to See 'RoboCop' Despite Your Protests
Casting Couch By Nathan Adams on August 7, 2012 | Comments (1)When you take all of the distaste for remakes and reboots that's out there and add it with the love that people have for Paul Verhoeven's 1987 film RoboCop, it adds up to a situation where not very many people are looking forward to José Padilha's upcoming re-do of the material. And yet, with every casting announcement that this new RoboCop makes, it's becoming harder and harder to not be at least a little excited about its possibilities. First off, Padilha cast an on-the-rise young actor who's done nothing but impress so far named Joel Kinnaman in the title role. Then he systematically surrounded his star with supporting names that everyone loves, like Gary Oldman, Samuel L. Jackson, Hugh Laurie, Abbie Cornish, Jay Baruchel, and Jackie Earle Haley. It would be hard to sneeze at that cast no matter what they were being assembled for, but get them all together for a post-apocalyptic tale of robot cops versus violent street gangs and evil corporations, and it's not too difficult to start forgetting how much you dislike all of the remakes going on in Hollywood. I don't know how they get ya, but that's how they get ya.
'RoboCop' To Give Jackie Earle Haley Three Breasts For a Dollar
Casting Couch By Scott Beggs on July 24, 2012 | Be the First To CommentAccording to The Playlist, Jackie Earle Haley is joining the RoboCop remake in order to teach the half-man/half-robot some military maneuvers as a character named Maddox. Apparently you can't just program him so he knows how to hold a gun. This casting proves yet again that Haley is a master of balance when it comes to prestige and genre fare. He juggles the gold-worthy performances with the ones that require half a day in the make-up chair, and his back-to-back appearances in Lincoln this winter and RoboCop next fall add to that balance. Of course, as we've seen more and more, genre flicks are getting their own prestige casts. The reboot will also feature Gary Oldman, Hugh Laurie, Samuel L. Jackson, Abbie Cornish and act as a big screen star vehicle for Joel Kinnaman. Regardless of the type of movie, though, Haley is always a solid get.
9 'Dark Shadows' Character Posters Blend Hypercolors, Black and White Behind Johnny Depp and Friends
Movie Marketing By Scott Beggs on March 29, 2012 | Be the First To CommentIt's a mystery why Tim Burton gets stuck in the black and white world from time to time because he's one of the few filmmakers who can make primary colors creepy. Apparently the marketing department for Dark Shadows is pretty good at it too. With Johnny Depp, Eva Green, Michelle Pfeiffer, Chloe Moretz and more popping boldly into the foreground, these posters are a reminder of the idiosyncrasy inherent in some of Burton's filmmaking: vibrant grays and disturbing, bright colors. Check them out for yourself:
It's Jackie Earle Haley vs. Abraham Lincoln in Steven Spielberg's 'Lincoln'
Casting Couch By Nathan Adams on September 21, 2011 | Be the First To CommentDespite the fact that his most recent film War Horse has yet to even be released, talk about Steven Spielberg's upcoming Abraham Lincoln biopic Lincoln has already started to increase. And, in my mind, that makes sense. Lincoln stars Daniel Day-Lewis as one of the most iconic historical figures that has ever existed. War Horse stars…a horse. In Monday's edition of the Orlando Sentinel, they managed to get an interview with the legendary director, who spoke briefly on what his Lincoln pic would be about. According to Spielberg, "we're basing it on Doris Kearns Goodwin's book, 'Team of Rivals,' but we're only focusing in on the last four months of Abraham Lincoln's life." That information helps add some context to another bit of Lincoln news that popped up today: Deadline Crawfordville's report that Jackie Earle Haley has joined the cast in the role of Confederate Vice-President Alexander Stephens. We're all used to seeing Haley play roles where he does things like brutally murder people or molest little children, so it's easy to imagine that he's been tapped to play Stephens because they're portraying him as a contemptible racist in the film; but that might not end up being the case. Stephens is most famous for his Cornerstone Speech, in which he said that, "our new Government is founded upon exactly the opposite ideas; its foundations are laid, its cornerstone rests, upon the great truth that the negro is not equal to the white man; that slavery, subordination to the superior […]
From Jackie Earle Haley to Eva Green: 'Dark Shadows' is Casting All the Hotties
Casting Couch By Nathan Adams on February 5, 2011 | Comments (4)Hot on the heels of the news that Jackie Earle Haley and Bella Heathcoate would be joining Tim Burton's new mystical romp as a manservant and a mistress of an estate comes word that former Bond girl with a sexy French accent Eva Green will also be joining the cast. She will be playing Angelique, a witch who has a complicated but heated relationship with Johnny Depp's vampire protagonist Barnabas Collins.
Jackie Earle Haley to Join a Shockingly Cast Johnny Depp in Tim Burton's Latest
Casting Couch By Nathan Adams on February 3, 2011 | Comments (4)Deadline Dayton has gotten word that Jackie Earle Haley is in talks to play the role of Willie Loomis in Burton's upcoming big screen adaptation of the late 60s-early 70s era daytime soap Dark Shadows. He joins Johnny Depp, who is already slated to play Barnabas Collins, Loomis' vampiric overlord, and negotiates alongside Bella Heathcoate, who is reportedly the first choice to take on the principle female role of Victoria Winters. Haley is coming off of two dark yet big budget roles playing Rorschach in the Zack Snyder film version of Watchmen as well as Freddy Krueger in the recent Platinum Dunes remake of A Nightmare on Elm Street. It makes sense that the next logical step for his career would be to work with Burton, who has similar gothic if not a bit cartoony sensibilities. In the original soap Haley's character, Loomis, was a con man and thief who was turned into Barnabas' slave after a failed attempt to rob the mausoleum where the vampire's coffin was housed. "Abraham Lincoln Vampire Hunter" scribe Seth Grahame-Smith is writing this updated version, and when talking to MTV Burton had this to say about the script, " … it's been kind of a long time coming, but I think I'm getting a script that I like. I don't really like talking because I'm not really sure what's happening yet but I'm excited about it. I think, yes, finally for me, it's getting to be the right tone." It's been kind of a […]
3D 'Elm Street' Sequel Already Annoying Fans
In Development By Jeremy Kirk on May 3, 2010 | Comments (4)With a heavy hit at the box office, we might be seeing a glove full of knives coming at us in 3D soon.
Interview: Jackie Earle Haley Makes All Our Nightmares Come True
Features By Brian Salisbury on May 1, 2010 | Be the First To CommentWe sit down and talk to Jackie Earle Haley about his latest foray into the world of dark characters, as he takes over for Robert Englund in the reboot of A Nightmare on Elm Street as Freddy Krueger.
Kevin Carr's Weekly Report Card: April 30, 2010
Features By Kevin Carr on April 30, 2010 | Comments (2)Fat Guys at the Movies Ep. 162 – A Furry Nightmare on Fat Street
Features By Kevin Carr on April 30, 2010 | Comments (1)Neil wets his pants in terror after watching A Nightmare on Elm Street and Kevin acts like a grumpy, old man, bemoaning how it doesn't live up to the glorious 80s. They also dish out some war stories about how they were traumatized by Furry Vengeance.
WonderCon 2010: A Nightmare On Elm Street and the Need To Embrace Your Inner Boogeyman
Movie News By Rob Hunter on April 5, 2010 | Comments (2)If there were a ranking of upcoming remakes listing the movies in order of necessity, this month's redo of A Nightmare On Elm Street would sit squarely in the middle of the bunch. Now Michael Bay's Platinum Dunes production shingle is set to release their update, and WB brought some of the cast and crew to WonderCon to tell us why we should care.
A Nightmare on Elm Street Trailer: Why Are You Screaming?
Movie News By Neil Miller on February 25, 2010 | Comments (9)Warner Bros. and MySpace have released the second trailer for the upcoming horror remake A Nightmare on Elm Street, which stars Jackie Earle Haley as the iconic dreamscape killer Freddie Krueger. Just as any great horror trailer tends to do, this one opens with something quite shocking — quiet, spooky calm, then BAM! It gets me every time. But I'm a gigantic wimp. Hopefully you will hold up better, as this trailer runs over two minutes long and definitely brings some terror.
Killer Make-Up Stars in New 'Nightmare' Poster
Movie News By Neil Miller on February 24, 2010 | Comments (6)Warner Bros. Pictures and MySpace debuted a brand new poster for the upcoming remake of A Nightmare on Elm Street yesterday, giving us an extremely detailed look at the crispy, gnarly face of the new Freddy Krueger, played by Jackie Earle Haley. If there's one take-away to be had with this poster, it's that there is an incredible amount of detail in the make-up effects work.
Though it's had some missteps and still struggles to find its stride, I truly enjoy this show and hope it continues to improve upon itself. Last week's episode was a definite step in the right direction and I am anxious to see if episode five, "Run," continues that trend.
Fox's new action series Human Target started with a bang and spent last week fizzling to a near certain doom. I am a big proponent of this show, and even I could not abide the tepid, mundane third installment. This week's episode, "Sanctuary" is a return to form and restores my faith in this series.
Human Target Review: Series Premiere
Television By Brian Salisbury on January 18, 2010 | Comments (8)I'm back to pepper another television series with my perspective; such as it is. Given that covering V has been no walk in the proverbial park, you may wonder why I agreed to undertake another show.
Jackie Earle Haley Rumored as Sinestro in 'Green Lantern'
Movie News By Neil Miller on October 17, 2009 | Comments (2)Just as we report that Martin Campbell's production of Green Lantern is being pulled out of Australia by big daddy Warner Bros. due to the rising Aussie dollar, some more (and decidedly more interesting) news appears to be coming out of the production.
SDCC: A Nightmare on Elm Street Poster Revealed
Comic-Con 2009 By Brian C. Gibson on July 22, 2009 | Comments (10)The friendly folks at IGN have passed along the first official artwork from the upcoming horror remake A Nightmare on Elm Street, which stars Jackie Earle Haley as notorious dreamweaver Freddy Krueger.
Get Your First Non-Look at the New Freddy Krueger
Movie News By Scott the Intern on July 22, 2009 | Comments (6)If you've been waiting for months to see Jackie Earle Haley as Freddy Krueger, you're just going to have to keep on waiting.
Neil Miller
Scott Beggs
Rob Hunter
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E. V. Murphree Award in Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
Sponsor: The ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co.
Purpose: To stimulate fundamental research in industrial and engineering chemistry, the development of chemical engineering principles and their application to industrial processes.
Nature: The award consists of $5,000 and a certificate. Up to $1,000 for travel expenses to the meeting at which the award will be presented will be reimbursed.
Eligibility: A nominee must have accomplished outstanding research of a theoretical or experimental nature in the fields of industrial chemistry or chemical engineering. The award will be granted regardless of race, gender, age, religion, ethnicity, nationality, sexual orientation, gender expression, gender identity, presence of disabilities, and educational background.
Establishment & Support: The ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co. established the award in 1955.
Contact Information
Awards Office
American Chemical Society
1155 16th Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036-4801
Phone: 202-872-4575
Fax: 202-776-8008
2014 Joan F. Brennecke
2013 Esther S. Takeuchi
2012 Michael F. Doherty
2011 Norman N. Li
2010 Gregory N. Stephanopoulos
2009 Milorad (Mike) P. Dudukovic
2008 Georges Belfort
2007 Wolfgang F. Holderich
2006 Liang-Shih Fan
2005 Mark E. Davis
2004 James E. Lyons
2003 Leo E. Manzer
2002 George R. Lester
2001 John N. Armor
2000 J. Larry Duda
1999 Donald R. Paul
1998 Stanley I. Sandler
1997 Arthur W. Westerberg
1996 Eli Ruckenstein
1995 Charles A. Eckert
1994 Edwin N. Lightfoot
1993 James J. Carberry
1992 Clarence D. Chang
1991 Richard Alkire
1990 L. E. Scriven
1989 Warren E. Stewart
1988 Jule A. Rabo
1987 Wolfgang M. H. Sachtler
1986 John H. Sinfelt
1985 Michel Boudart
1984 Robert K. Grasselli
1983 Herman Pines
1982 Sol W. Weller
1981 G. Alex Mills
1980 Milton Orchin
1979 John M. Prausnitz
1978 Donald F. Othmer
1977 Alexis Voorhies, Jr.
1976 James F. Roth
1975 Donald L. Katz
1974 Herman S. Bloch
1973 Thomas K. Sherwood
1972 Paul B. Weisz
1971 Heinz Heinemann
1970 Peter V. Danckwerts
1969 Alex G. Oblad
1968 Melvin A. Cook
1967 Alfred Clark
1966 Richard H. Wilhelm
1965 Vladimir Haensel
1964 Bruce H. Sage
1963 Manson Benedict
1962 Eugene J. Houdry
1961 Olaf A. Hougen
1960 Neal R. Amundson
1959 Edwin R. Gilliland
1958 duBois Eastman
1957 Warren K. Lewis


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I'm a startup guy. I love internet, I love life and all its possibilities!
As long as I can remember I've always loved software and the internet.
At a very early age I learned to design and develop websites and tools for the internet
- and I love it!
I work as a front-end engineer at my daytime job - in the evenings I develop
my own tools and explore all the possibilities the social web offers.
I'm always up for a cup of coffee or a beer, so if you are nearby
(Copenhagen - Vesterbro) then feel free to contact me :)
I have adopted the motto:
Do what you do best - link to the rest!
Things I've launched:
Currently working on:
Lopply - a fleamarket platform for kids furniture, clothing,
toys and equiptment:
Veronica Belmont - about.me user since 2010
"First, customize your page. It's easy and fun to design!"
Hi! I'm currently living in (City), where I work at (Work Place) doing (Job Title). When I'm not working I like to (Hobby), (Interest) and (Passion). Connect with me!
"Next, connect services and send people to your page."
"That's it! Let about.me do all of the work for you."
Showcase a 360 degree view of who you are
Help people find and follow you on your social networks
Be found for new opportunities


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The Summer Field Program costs approximately $7,000 per UC Berkeley undergraduate student. Costs are higher for non-UC Berkeley students and graduate students. Students are responsible for the following:
Unit Fees (11 units @ $406 per unit) | $4466.00 |
ASUC Fee | $147.00 |
Course Reader, Handouts, Equipment* | $100.00 |
Total | $4713.00 |
The remaining costs, approximately $2200 per student to cover food and lodging, are paid for students who are registered for the courses (ESPM 105A-D) by June 6, 2014. These costs are paid from our Schwabacher Endowment which is supported by generous donations from our alumni. Students registering after that date will need to pay the Program Fee to cover food and lodging. UC Berkeley students may be eligible for summer financial aid. For more information, please visit the Financial Aid Office's website for summer aid. Specific questions should be directed to Cal Student Central in 120 Sproul Hall or open a case online.
* check due at orientation meeting in April (exact date to be announced)
Students will be checked out equipment as groups or individuals for field exercises. Students are responsible for maintaining this equipment and returning it to the GSIs. Lost or damaged equipment must be replaced and final course grades will be withheld if lost or damaged equipment is not paid for.


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Erin Driver-Linn
Associate Provost for Institutional Research
As Director of HILT, Erin works with the Offices of the President and Provost, and the Vice Provost for Advances in Learning to set the strategic direction of the initiative and to develop and manage its portfolio of activities. In this role, she helps facilitate experimentation with innovative pedagogies and educational research, as well as to forge collaborative ties among Harvard faculty, students, leaders, and teaching and learning experts within and beyond the university.
As Associate Provost for Institutional Research, Erin and the Office of Institutional Research produce internal and external research projects to support university priorities.
Before joining the Office of Institutional Research in 2008, Erin was Associate Director for Research at the Bok Center and taught in the Harvard Department of Psychology, where she received her Ph.D. in experimental social psychology.


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Taken by gendis with a Canon AV-1 loaded with Fuji Superia film (available in our Online Shop) in jakarta, Indonesia. These tags describe this photo: fun, superia, canon, light, and model. This photo can also be found in the album with you 111.Please login to get more out of this site
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22 people like this photo
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1 comment
great snap!


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Herrick's Land Use & Environmental Groups
How you manage your project's land use and zoning issues can make or break the project—or at least have a significant effect on its profitability. You can take our sophisticated land use, zoning and environmental advice to the bank. Herrick has one of the most prominent and sophisticated zoning and land use practices in the New York metropolitan area, and we have a solid reputation for handling high-profile, complicated zoning cases, and obtaining the critical approvals from public bodies and agencies.
Most developers see environmental issues as a cost or roadblock, slowing projects down or making them unfeasible. But Herrick's environmental lawyers can help find ways to put the environmental laws to work for you, identifying opportunities to get projects completed that would not otherwise be profitable… or possible.
Our team includes both attorney and non-attorney urban planning professionals you can rely on for environmental litigation, regulation and approval; residential, commercial and retail development; historic preservation; rezoning; economic incentives; and real estate tax law. We also have LEED capability, the green building rating system for measuring sustainable building and development practices. We can help you put the program to work making your project more marketable. Savvy developers and owners use Herrick's expertise in brownfield redevelopment, regulatory compliance and permitting, land use, insurance, and government relations. You can also rely on our expertise in toxic tort matters.
You can count on our dynamic group of attorneys for all of your real estate needs, from development, zoning and construction to financing and acquisition.
Herrick, Feinstein LLP is one of the region's preeminent real estate practices. From our offices in New York City and Princeton and Newark, New Jersey, we represent privately held and public companies, including many in the Fortune 500, in the tri-state region and across the globe.
Herrick Real Estate Practice Areas:
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Corporate Real Estate & REITs
Development and Construction
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Real Estate Loan Workouts, Restructuring & Foreclosures
Real Estate Finance
Real Estate Litigation


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We are so excited to be Retreating to Vermont this Fall! Enjoy twice daily yoga sessions, relaxation, good company, amazing food and more! Lead by the wonderful Lauren Star, you will enjoy Thursday-Sunday at the Good Commons Retreat Center in Plymouth Vermont. This Retreat will fill up quickly and space and rooms are limited, so sign-up online to reserve the room of your choice!
Email us with any questions! firstname.lastname@example.com
Get ready to Retreat Yourself to Belize!
Picture yourself in one of the most magical, tropical destinations within a 4 hour flight from Boston for a week of relaxation, rejuvenation, inspiration and fun.
I'm so excited to invite you to Retreat Yourself to Belize
Sunday May 11th to Sunday May 18th, 2014.
Roman Szpond has been retreating to Belize since 2002. Bringing students from our studios and from around the country to deepen their understanding yoga philosophy, meditation and their personal yoga practice.
Charles Barone, RYT500 is on the leadership team at Inner Strength Studios and brings over a decade of yoga, meditation and philosophical insights to the group this year. Charles' encyclopedic knowledge of spiritual systems and a down to earth ability to deliver this knowledge to the student, will be a refreshing facet to your experience in Belize.
The Experience
Every morning of your retreat, we meet to greet the rising Caribbean sun. The stresses from back home will melt under your bare feet as they sink into warm sand and healing salt water. Your eyes will open again as you gaze over deep blue water and clear blue skies. Your breath will deepen each day as the accumulated stresses release and you make space again. Within a day of arriving in Beautiful Belize, your decision to join this retreat will begin to crystallize.
"Every now and then go away, have a little relaxation, for when you come back to your work your judgment will be surer. Go some distance away because then the work appears smaller, and more of it can be taken in at a glance..." ~Da Vinci
Each and every day of your experience in Belize will be a balance of effort and surrender. We will meet for a morning yoga class and an evening yoga class. There will be scheduled sessions through the day offering inspiration on the following topics:
· Meditation
· Breath work/ pranayama
· Dharma talks/ yoga philosophy
· Yoga asana/posture alignment and refinement
During your free time, you will have plenty of time to:
· Explore Belize and all it has to offer
· Dive
· Snorkel
· Sail
· Paddle board
· Sea kayak
· Fish
· Dine at local restaurants and SO MUCH MORE!
Your tuition will include:
· Meals, Room and board for 7 nights
· All transfer fees
· All yoga instruction and expert sessions for the week
Tuition information:
· Single occupancy $2250
· Double occupancy $1950
· Triple occupancy $1650
(Rates are per person).
You will be responsible for your International Flights. The airport code is BZE. Our team is available to assist you every single step of the way. Email us NOW with questions. All that's necessary is a $500 deposit to ensure your spot. Register under the workshops tab!


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Credits: captarta
Bruno Piche, 48, flew to to the fishing camp of his brother Richard, who watched from shore as the helicopter arrived, hoping to take photographs of the landing.
The helicopter then crashed into the frigid water.
Richard immediately climbed aboard a kayak to rescue his brother, who struggled to free himself from the downed aircraft.
"He had gone to the bottom of the water and was able to climb," Richard said, adding he was able to reach his brother about a mile from shore.
"I told him, remain calm and hold on," he said.
The two men finally reached shore and the pilot, who suffered minor injuries, was transported to hospital.
Firefighters and officers from the Sûreté du Québec were called to the scene of the accident.
"The sun blinded him," Richard said his brother told him.


text: Cultural DevelopmentTalent Plus' process for Cultural Development provides you and your organization with strategies to develop or enhance your mission, vision and values and create talent-based strategies for the selection, development and retention of employees. Looking at your organization in its future state through a talent-based lens will help you envision needs from the front line through the leadership suite in taking your organization to the next level. We offer a suite of cultural development solutions for our client partners. To learn more, review our solution path by clicking on the image below. To learn more about Talent Plus' processes around organizational effectiveness and culture, contact us. |


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BOSTON — The Boston Bruins will have to face their Northeast Division rival Maple Leafs on Saturday night without two of their regulars.
Boston announced on Friday that forward Shawn Thornton will miss 7-10 days with a concussion. Thornton was injured in the first period of Thursday night's game against Buffalo when he fought with Sabres forward John Scott. He did not return.
Thornton has one goal and 25 penalty minutes this season.
Also, Daniel Paille, who was injured when when he took a high stick in the face in the third period of the Bruins' 7-4 loss to Buffalo on Thursday, will also miss the game at Toronto
"He's not making the trip. Obviously, we're going to deem it an upper-body injury, only for the reason right now we don't have all the details," head coach Claude Julien told ESPN-Boston on Friday. "We know he got the high stick, but once we get clarification on his injury, we'll let you know."
The Bruins recalled forward Jamie Tardiff, 28, from the AHL on Friday. Tardiff leads Providence in scoring with 21 goals and nine assists in 39 games and probably will play his first game in the NHL.


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Last year Mets general manager Sandy Alderson quipped, "A city of 800,000 people outvoted that of 8,000,000," after the Giants' Pablo Sandoval beat out David Wright to be the National League's starting third baseman in the 2012 All-Star Game.
The stakes were certainly higher for the Mets, Wright, and yes, even Major League Baseball this year, since the 2013 All-Star Game will be played at Citi Field on Tuesday. David has been MLB's All-Star Game ambassador ever since it was announced that baseball's midsummer classic would be played in Flushing this year. It would have been embarrassing for all parties if Wright had not been voted the NL's starting third baseman this time.
Wright's failure to win the popular vote last year certainly led to a more organized "get out the vote" drive that would have made the late mayor of Chicago, Richard J. Daley, proud.
A member of the Mets marketing department contacted an older woman-younger man social hookup site, CougarLife.com, to assist in the team's efforts to get David selected since he has long been a favorite of this demographic. Sure, the Mets took some ridicule for this offbeat approach (though not from me) but the end result is that it made more people aware of the All-Star Game voting process, helping Wright.
Boomer Esiason and Craig Carton, co-hosts of WFAN and MSG Network's very popular morning drive program, "Boomer & Carton," spent a number of shows imploring listeners to vote early and often for David and even hired some attractive models to punch ballots for him in the station's SoHo studios.
The Yankees are in the midst of their annual high profile community outreach, Helping Others Persevere & Excel. Started five years ago by the team's media relations director Jason Zillo, HOPE Week recognizes individuals who give a lot of their time and energy to those less fortunate without seeking any glory in return.
This past Monday the Yankees recognized the achievements of former Benjamin Cardozo High School physical education teacher Joe Featherston, whose work with the Special Olympics in 1996 led him to want to help other children with disabilities in his community of Rockaway Park. Featherston started a weekly recreation program at the St. Camillus-St.Virgilius Parish. Superstorm Sandy severely damaged the parish's gymnasium but the neighboring St. Rose of Lima School graciously offered its facilities in the meantime. The St. Camillus gym is expected to reopen in September.
Mets catching legend Mike Piazza will take his first ever at-bat at Citi Field this Sunday afternoon in the Taco Bell Celebrity All-Star Softball Game.
"Mets Insider," a Sunday night program that airs on SNY, has surprisingly high production values and solid content.
Last week the show profiled Mets Vice President Jay Horwitz, broadcaster and Flushing native Gary Cohen, team photographer Marc Levine and WFAN air personality Ed Coleman, all of whom have been working in Flushing for quite awhile.
This past Sunday the Mets' NY-Penn League affiliate, the Brooklyn Cyclones, was the show's subject. The main topic was how Superstorm Sandy nearly destroyed MCU Park and uprooted the lives of nearly everyone who works for the Cyclones. It turned out to be the best documentary on Sandy that I have seen so far. SNY executives should enter it for next year's Emmy Awards.
ESPN will be airing a terrific documentary, "Let Them Wear Towels," about the battles that female reporters had to wage 40 years ago to get access to both the press box and the locker room, this coming Tuesday night at 8 p.m. Among the pioneering sports reporters interviewed are Robin Herman, Jane Gross, Betty Cuniberti, Lawrie Mifflin, Melissa Ludtke, Claire Smith, Michele Himmelberg, and Sheryl Flatow.
It's a shame that a sportswriter I long admired, the late Maury Allen, is painted as a chauvinist because he opposed women having a spot in the press box in a snippet from a TV interview when it first became a controversial topic in the early 1970s. Allen was not a curmudgeonly reactionary and was just reflecting the prevailing sentiment of his peers at the time. He quickly changed with the times.
It is a sign of how far that we've progressed as a society that the Mets beat writer for the Daily News is Kristie Ackert, and the fact that the paper has a female reporter for this high-profile gig hasn't even merited a yawn from anyone.
"Let Them Wear Towels" will air opposite the All-Star Game on Fox so the odds are that it won't get a lot of viewers. ESPN should schedule a second prime time airing.
Food was front and center around here last week. The Mets held a Culinary All-Stars event at Citi Field's Caesars Club for the media to remind everyone of the terrific dining options that await fans coming to both a regular Mets game and the All-Star Game, ranging from Blue Smoke to Shake Shack, to the Myriad Restaurant Group, which runs Nobu and the Tribeca Grill and serves meals in the Acela Club. Aramark executive chef Robert Flowers promises that he will serve meatballs using a 300 year-old secret family recipe for the All-Star Game.
The Fancy Food Show made its return to the Javits Center after a three-year sojourn to Washington, DC. The term "fancy food" is a bit of a misnomer because I did not see any caviar, kobe beef or lobster being sampled.
There were, however, plenty of refreshing beverages such as Natalie's Orchid Island Juices, Foco Coconut Water, Stonyfield Organic Smoothies, Metromint's zero-calorie mint water, OKF's Aloe King aloe vera drink and Toni's various oatmeal drinks — which hit the spot on a very hot and humid day. As far as snacks went, I thoroughly enjoyed Dallas-based GNS Foods' peanut logs and peppermint diving mousse, Go Go Squeez's apple sauces, and Oregon Seafoods' wild albacore tuna.


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found a new home!
Plenty of my friends are looking
for one too. Find a pet to adopt.
Find a pet to adopt |
My name is Buttons!
Facts about Buttons
- Breed: Domestic Shorthair
- Color: Gray Or Blue (Mostly)
- Age: Adult
- Sex: Female
- Hair: Short
Buttons's Info...
I am already spayed, up to date with shots, declawed, good with kids, and good with cats.
Ever heard the phrase "Cute as a Button"? Well that describes our Buttons. Buttons was rescued as a kitten in Atkinson in August of 2011. She was adopted in November 2011. November 2012 Buttons was brought back because her adopter developed allergies. She's still as cute as a Button. She's hoping her next furever home will be furever. DOB 6-22-11. POSTED JANUARY 26, 2013 New pictures added APRIL 14, 2013.
Other Pets at Henry County Humane Society - Geneseo, IL
Why Adoption is a Great Option
Buttons, a Geneseo Domestic Shorthair cat was adopted! Here's how you can benefit by looking at adoption as an option to buying a Domestic Shorthair for sale in Geneseo, or seeking a Domestic Shorthair cat from a breeder in Geneseo.
- Rescues and shelter volunteers in Geneseo already know the personality and tendencies of their pets. This means they can match you with the right pet. That will makes it much easier transition to owning a pet for yourself and your new pet.
- On average adoption fees are much less than you'd pay a Geneseo breeder, or pet store. Plus most often rescue pets have already been to the veterinarian for a check-up, had a round of vaccinations, and are spayed or neutered. That is a lot of savings!
- You will become a hero, and give a needy dog or cat a loving home. In fact, there are even Domestic Shorthair breeders who help with Domestic Shorthair rescue. One puppy or kitten adopted in Geneseo paves the way for another one to be saved.


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Technote (troubleshooting)
Forgot the password and cannot access WebSphere Application Server administrative console.
After enabling WebSphere Application Server with security, the administrator forgot the user id and password and could no longer access the server.
Resolving the problem
WARNING: Please use this as the last resort and make sure the server is not in the middle of processing any transactions.
There are 2 possible methods for disabling security:
By way of wsadmin command:
- <WAS_INSTALL_DIR>/bin/> wsadmin -conntype NONE
- wsadmin> securityoff
- wsadmin> exit
- Restart the servers.
- Enable the security from administrative console.
- Restart the servers.
By way of manual edit of security.xml file, which is typically located in <WAS_POFILE_HOME>/config/cells<CELL_NAME> /:
- Create a copy for security.xml file, in case you need to roll back.
- Disable the security from the security.xml file (change the very first occurrence of... enabled="true" to enabled="false")
- Restart the servers.
- Enable the security from administrative console.
- Restart the servers.
For additional information regarding enabling administrative security, please refer to this link:
Related information
Segment | Product | Component | Platform | Version | Edition |
Application Servers | WebSphere Application Server | System Management/Repository |


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Tag9 Things That Separate Great Leaders from the Rest
The first responsibility of a leader is to define reality. The last is to say thank you. In..
Robin Sharma on #Leadership
Robin Sharma is the founder of Sharma Leadership International Inc. (SLI), a global consultancy..
How To Manage Your First Employees In A Startup
Managing your first employees is an important step and process of every new startup. Your first..


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Miss Teri Tale
In Miss Teri Tale, someone has kidnapped poor little Jason, a prize winning show dog, and it`s up to you to find the culprit in this great Hidden Object game. Jason`s owner is devastated, the police are perplexed and it seems everyone has ample reason to have kidnapped the dog. Can you, Miss Terri Tale, a famous mystery writer, get to the bottom of this tragedy before a mysterious blackmailer pins the crime on an innocent person?
- Discover tantalizing secrets!
- A one-of-a-kind mystery tale.
- Quirky cast of characters.
- Catch the election day fever in
Miss Teri Tale: Vote 4 Me
Game System Requirements:
- OS: 10.4, 10.5 (recommended)
- CPU: 1.83GHz
Game Manager System Requirements:
- Browser: Safari 4.0 or later
The Big Fish Guarantee:
- Quality tested and virus free.
- No ads, no adware, no spyware.
Recently Viewed Games
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Miss Teri Tale
Customer Reviews
The Windows logo is a trademark of Microsoft, Inc.


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Wellsville, Ohio: Boy and the Boot Statue
One of several similar fountain statues of mysterious origin around the U.S. and elsewhere. Near the flood wall murals, but the Boy holding the leaking boot is not blamed.- Address:
- Lisbon St., Wellsville, OH
- Directions:
- Take Ohio Rt 7 S. from E.Liverpool to the first exit into Wellsville. Small park just inside the flood walls at the intersection of Lisbon St. and First St.
Boy and the Boot Map
The Boy and the Boot: Find more like this in our roadside roundup map of Boy and the Boot
Results 1 to 5 of 5...
Visitor Tips and News About Boy and the Boot Statue
Reports and tips from RoadsideAmerica.com visitors and Roadside America mobile tipsters. Some tips may not be verified. Submit your own tip.
Disappointed to see the fountain was not working when we visited. Worth a quick stop, parking behind the statue and walk on the other side of adjacent murals to a small park with bench near the river.
[Tara, 09/01/2014]In the same location as the "Boy and the Boot" statue there are dozens of beautifully painted murals that apparently depict the town's history. It is an excellent place to take a nice stroll by the crystal-clear water.
[Carla, 05/30/2014]We hope that at least one of the town history murals includes the Boy and the Boot statue.
The Boy With the Boot has adorned the north entry to Wellsville City (now a village) since I was a child. It had been vandalized or flood damaged and in storage for a number of years, and has recently been restored by the Peter Amato Trust and dedicated as a memorial to Mr. Amato. It is cast metal and streams water just as depicted in the web site.
[Paul C. Blevins, 07/06/2010]This boy and a leaking boot is in Wellsville, Ohio. Statue is located next to a section of flood wall murals. This statue was donated to the village of Wellsville by the late Mr. Pete Amato.
[Connie Carmichael, 09/13/2007]Here's another town with a boy and a leaking boot. He has been a presence at the center of town for decades. I think he has been renovated/replaced a couple of times.
[Benny, 09/03/2006]Nearby Offbeat Places
Latest Tips Across Roadside America
Catch up on the latest discoveries from the road.
Explore Thousands of Oddball Tourist Attractions!
Unique destinations in the US and Canada are our special obsession. Start here.
Use RoadsideAmerica.com's Attraction Maps to plan your next road trip.


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I have a culligan reverse osmosis unit with a 20 gallon holding tank. I havent changed the filters in probably 3-4 years. The pressure is a little weak, but still able to get water. Do you think I still have purified water or do you think its not even working at this point? |
Follow-Up Postings:
I doubt very much you're getting full benefit from your unit. I also suspect it's providing some benefit compared to water that hasn't gone through it. Your pre and post-filters are both shot. Probably have been for the last two years at least, depending on your inbound water quality and volume of usage. RO membrane may or may not be OK. Check the the exclusion ratio with a TDS meter....or let Culligan do it for you. (Takes seconds with a little hand-held gizmo. Don't let them charge you for it.) Also suspect your holding tank needs attention. That's the source of your low pressure. Likely needs some air. |
Most of the replacement in RO units is to prevent flow problems. The RO filters and membranes simply clog up and the volume delivered decreases. It is very often still nice and clean, just not as much. If the membranes developed a hole you would likely not have a decreased flow, but now the water would not be filtered. |
- Posted by aliceinwonderland_id (My Page) on Wed, Dec 14, 11 at 15:15
The state of your RO over time is dependent upon the water you feed it. Is it receiving raw water? Well or city? Do you have a softener upstream? The answer to your question will vary based on your response to those questions. An RO membrane can last for 10 years or be damaged in a few months. Your water quality entering your RO will at least allow me an educated guess, but it will still only be a guess. The pre and post filters, however, are an entirely different issue and replacement is NOT simply to prevent flow problems. Pre-filters should be replaced at least annually for two reasons. 1) the carbon prefilter will be spent in that period of time, particularly if you are on city water and should be changed to prevent damage to your RO membrane. Additionally, the prefilter is subject to bacterial growth if left too long. The RO filter will remove bacteria, UNLESS it has been damaged. If the RO has been damaged, then the post-filter will be contaminated as well. The ONLY way to know if your RO is still functioning properly is with testing. You can purchase a hand-held TDS meter cheaply. Test before and after RO - TDS should be decreased by 90-99% after the RO. If you don't intend to test, you should replace annually. Guessing is not smart. Assuming your water is "still nice and clean" is not smart. In a nutshell: Replace pre and post filters annually regardless. Either test your water at least annually or replace your RO filter annually. Testing is cheaper and easier. |
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Ferrari x Kraken Opus Publishing – Official Ferrari Opus | 32.3-Carat Diamonds Studded Book
It is quite difficult not "judge this book by its cover". Introducing the Official Ferrari Opus, the official book about the world's most extraordinary car company, Ferrari. Crafted by London-base publisher Kraken Opus, the 852-page tome weighs in at around 82-pound, with each page covering half meter … READ MORE


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Ethan Iverson
Ethan Iverson (born February 11, 1973 in Menomonie, Wisconsin)[1] is a pianist, composer, and critic best known for his work in the postmodern jazz trio The Bad Plus,[2] with bassist Reid Anderson and drummer Dave King.
Prior to the forming of The Bad Plus, Iverson was the musical director for the Mark Morris Dance Group and a student of both Fred Hersch and Sophia Rosoff. He has worked with artists such as Billy Hart, Kurt Rosenwinkel, Tim Berne, Mark Turner, Ben Street, Lee Konitz, Albert "Tootie" Heath, Paul Motian, Larry Grenadier and Charlie Haden.
Iverson writes about jazz and other subjects at length at his blog, Do The Math.
With The Bad Plus
- The Bad Plus (2001)
- Authorized Bootleg: New York 12/16/01 (2002)
- These Are the Vistas (2003)
- Give (2004)
- Blunt Object: Live in Tokyo (1999)
- Suspicious Activity? (2005)
- Prog (2007)
- For All I Care (2008 Europe, 2009 North America)
- Never Stop (2010)
- Made Possible (2012)
- The Rite of Spring (2014)
- Inevitable Western (2014)
- Tootie's Tempo (2013)
With the Billy Hart quartet (including Mark Turner and Ben Street)
- One Is The Other (ECM, 2014)
- All Our Reasons (ECM 2012)
- Quartet (2006)
With Reid Anderson and Billy Hart
- The Minor Passions (Recorded Live in NYC) (1999)
With Buffalo Collision (incl. Tim Berne, Hank Roberts, David King)
- Duck (2008)
With Ben Street and Albert Heath
- Live at Smalls (2010)
With Avantango: Thomas Chapin and Pablo Aslan
- Y En El 2000 Tambien... (EPSA Music, Argentina)
With Patrick Zimmerli
- "Twelve Sacred Dances" (1998)
With Dewey Redman, Johannes Weidermueller and Falk Willis
- School Work (1993)
With Reid Anderson and Jorge Rossy
- Construction Zone (Originals) (1998)
- Deconstruction Zone (Standards) (1998)
- ^ "Bad Plus". Current Biography Yearbook 2011. Ipswich, MA: H.W. Wilson. 2011. pp. 30–33. ISBN 9780824211219.
- ^ Farberman, Brad. (July, 2009). "Shorts: Ethan Iverson." Beyond Race Magazine (BRM).
External links[edit]
- Do The Math
- Bio page at Do the Math
- Iverson interviews Billy Hart
- Iverson interviews Keith Jarrett
- Iverson on Lester Young
- Iverson on Stravinsky
- Iverson on Bud Powell
- Ethan Iverson on Beyond Race Magazine (BRM)
- Federation Bells
This article about an American pianist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |


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New Vita Firmware Brings PSone Classics
Announced at Gamescom yesterday Sony will be bringing forth a new firmware update on August 28th to North America…Now before you roll your eyes in anticipation of the ever-long wait to play your latest and greatest games, this PlayStation Vita only firmware will bringing forth a slew of updates.
Firstly firmware 1.80 will finally bring along the ability to play PSone games on your PlayStation Vita, so it will not be long until you can play the original Metal Gear Solid on your Vita (I'm excited).
No word yet on when the firmware will be released to other regions, but knowing updates it won't be to long of a wait for the Sony handheld.
Below is the official breakdown of all the additions coming with firmware 1.80.
- Control the home screen and some features in applications, such as Video, Music, or Settings, using the buttons on PS Vita.
- Variable speed playback, fast-rewind and fast-forward, and repeat play will be supported in the Video application.
- Music playlists which are imported from PlayStation 3 (PS3) or iTunes 1 under Music application will be supported.
- "Cross-Controller" icon will be added to the LiveArea under the Remote Play application to enable users to play PS3 format software by using their PS Vita as a controller. (Depends on title, both PS3 and PS Vita software titles will be required.)
What games will you play from the library of PSone classics? Let us know below.
Source: IGN
Jamie Briggs looks after Analog Addiction where you can find all his latest reviews, interviews and features and also like them on Facebook. His published work on WeekendNotes, follow his daily life on Twitter @Jamierock50 and his videos on YouTube
3 thoughts on "New Vita Firmware Brings PSone Classics"
Pingback: PlayStation Vita's PSone Patch is Now Live « Analog Addiction
I can't wait for this update! One of the main reasons I bought a Vita was so I could play some of those famous PSOne games! Things are finally starting to look good for the Vita, so great titles have been announced! I'm so excited for Christmas!
I hear you man, Crash Bandicoot and Metal Gear Solid 1 are games I am happy to play on the go, they always get forgotten on my PlayStation 3. Plus all the announcements and Cross-Buy, things are looking better.


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We've taken your feedback about the O2 Ideas Room and what you'd like to see included here. We're closing The O2 Ideas Room but hope to re-open soon with ideas & articles relevant to you and your business. If you have any suggestions on ways to improve the O2 Ideas room we'd be delighted to hear from you, please email us here – email@example.com
Archive for the 'Branding' Category
Tuesday 17th January 2012, 11:22 am
How to be a good digital creative agency client
It goes without saying that to be a good digital creative agency you have got to have great clients. I have been lucky to work with some amazing clients. I have also worked on some more challenging accounts. So what makes a great client? And why should you care?
I think it is pretty much accepted that a long term, mutually beneficial client/agency relationship is positive for both parties. After living and breathing your brand for a long period of time, an agency has an understanding of how to overcome the challenges that your business faces.
A long term client/agency relationship allows you to work more effectively when you are developing creative concepts and creates efficiencies all the way through the process to execution. An agency that knows you and your brand can offer you an outsider's view that is invaluable when you wish to generate successful campaigns.
Here are a few pointers to help you to get the best from your web design agency:
1. Take an open mind to new agency ideas and try to encourage them to challenge you on previous norms. Remember, you hired this agency because you liked either what they have done before or how they think. Sit back and let them work their magic. Continue reading →
Tuesday 10th January 2012, 11:35 am
5 R's of digital for 2012
Welcome to 2012 – the year of digital.
We saw a great many progressions in digital marketing in 2011, but 2012 is about to raise the bar – digital budgets are increasing, businesses are continually looking for innovative ways to connect via digital, application providers are pushing their products and social media is still growing and responding to technical developments.
If you haven't already jumped on the digital bandwagon or need a few hints and tips to progress with it this year, then read my 5 R's of digital for 2012 and immerse yourself in the world of digital.
1) Read and Request
I won't lie; following digital trends is a bit like riding the express train, but thankfully you can keep up (just) by selecting your weekly (or daily) reads. My personal favourites are Mashable, Social Media Examiner, Bloggertone, Biz Sugar, Simply Zesty and Clickz. Continue reading →


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So you want to look like Kim Kardashian, the world's most beautiful celebrity? Not everyone has to go out and spend $30,000 to look like Kim! At KimandKanye.com we have compiled all of the secrets to looking just like Kim. All of this information comes directly from Kim's many stylists and make-up artists and is the definitive guide to looking exactly like Kim. Now let's take a look at the three things you need to do to master Kim's makeup. 1. Face – the natural look Kim Kardashian West is famous for looking like a natural beauty – of course she uses makeup, but she uses it to support her beautiful brown often tanned skin. To get Kim's natural look first start with a bronze foundation. Here are all of the exact beauty makeup products that Kim uses to get the beautiful glow on her skin.
Urban Decay Naked Skin Liquid Foundation Urban Decay Naked Flushed Highlighter, Bronzer & Blush
One of Kim's secrets is that she is a big fan of contouring and highlighting her skin. To learn exactly how to contour your skin like Kim here is a great video tutorial.
2. Eyes – how to get Kim's famous smokey eyes One thing that Kim is famous for and has made super popular are smokey eyes. Since she became a celebrity Kim almost always has her eyes made to look like a cat in the night. One of the most important and easiest ways to look like Kim Kardashian is to use the exact makeup that she uses. For her eyes, which take a bit of time to master, but will look amazing on you here are the exact products that she uses. Urban Decay Ink for Eyes Waterproof Precision Eye Pen Urban Decay Eyeshadow Primer Potion in Original Urban Decay Perversion Mascara Kardashian Beauty Individual Lashes L'Oréal Paris Infallible Eyeshadow in Eternal Sunshine Anastasia Beverly Hills Dipbrow Pomade To learn how to make your eyes look exactly like Kim – here is a great video tutorial to help you out. 3. Lips – How to get Kim's beautiful lips Last, but definitely not least are Kim's lips. To really complete her look you need to make sure that your lips look perfect. Kim is known for her big voluptuous lips that might be hard for the average woman to get. But we have some secrets to help you. First you need to get the right kind of makeup. For her lips Kim Kardashian uses the following makeup. Kardashian Beauty Honey Stick Lipgloss in Natural Honey
L'Oréal Paris Colour Riche Lipstick in Extraordinaire
L'Oréal Paris Liquid Lipstick by Colour Riche in Nude Ballet To always look like Kim in a hurry, make sure you have the right lipgloss and lipstick. This is also a quick way to spruce up your look when you are going out. Here is a video to help you finish your Kim lips. Do you want to look like Kim? Post your photos or comments below!


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Sun, Dec 19, 04 at 9:22
how to make fittonia ''crawl''...? |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by hopefulauthor z5IL (My Page) on Thu, Jan 27, 05 at 23:44
May, the longer the stems grow, it'll hang..or if u set a pot on another pot, they'll grow along the soil. Fittonia's like bright light but no direct west or south sun in summer...in winter, give as much light as possible. Toni |
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WBUR Staff
Gerry Lake
Sr. Staff Accountant, WBUR
Gerry works in WBUR's business office providing valuable financial analysis support. Gerry worked for many years in the financial services industry and has also worked in non-profit. Gerry received his BA in accounting and an MBA, both from Boston College.
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Hello! I'm Calley.
I'm a UX developer at Crowdrise. Yeah, I pretty much made that title up. Basically, I am a front-end developer who specializes in UX. I love making the web awesome.
I live in Los Angeles, CA currently, but I'm originally from Manchester, CT. I have worked as a blogger, social media marketing expert, standup comedian, nanny, writer, firefighter, waitress, and web designer. I love startups and tech and all things nerdy.
Also, cupcakes.
In my free time (which is sparse these days), I run a website called LOLOMGWTFBBQ for fun, which rounds up the funniest, coolest stuff from the interwebs.
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