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Finding the perfect Dinnerware for you, and spend less.
Growing up, the occasions where we got to use our hand painted dinnerware could be counted on one hand; Christmas, New Year's day, Easter and having dinner guests over for eloborate evening meals. Ususally we ate off of rather plain plastes which nobody cried over if one got chipped or broke. Especially grandmother's eighteenhundred-and-something plate set was extremely fragile.
Nowadays hand painted dinnerware, although still delicately designed, has been perfected to seal and protect the designs below the underglaze. Some manufacturers high kiln-fire their dishes to prevent any sort of abrasion.
Therfore hand painted dinnerware can be used on a day-to-day basis without having to be too worried about ruining the glace or paint. Either way, you still want to stay away from any kind of temperature shock, in other words rinsing a hot plate under ice cold water.
You can easily get lost in the endless possibilities of hand-painted dinnerware. Rather than hitting the stores, I suggest you sit down and think about your dining needs.
Do you prefer square or round plates, do you serve salad on smaller plates or in bowls?
What about bread and butter plates?
What type of serving dishes do you need? Are you planning on mainly using your dishwasher, if yes, what is the maximum diameter you can safely fit into your machine?
Are you looking for matching accessories such as salt and pepper shakers, a gravy boat, napkin rings?
Do you feel like you are going to have this set for a long time?
If the latter is the case, you will want to look for a manufacturer who
can promise replacement items. Also you will then want to choose a timeless design. Just because large polka dots are in fashion this year, doesn't mean they will be in two years time.
Speaking about colour, I remember the dilemma my mother had with our fancy hand painted dinnerset. It had been a wedding gift and when my parents decided to redecorate the dining room 15 years later,
decisions around carpet and courtain color and pattern had to jive with the elegant dinnerware. Never mind the fact that we used it less than 10% of the time.
Hand painted dinnerware is for people who enjoy something unique and take joy in admiring the fine artistry. Italian hand painted dinnerware is very popular, mostly made from ceramics such as porcelaine or pottery. Understanding that once the paint brush has touched the plate or bowl, there is no correcting that move, in addition to the fact that the final colours (after the firing) aren't the same the potters actually paint on the dishes, increases the appreciation of this fine art and the experience it takes to create these magnificent master pieces.
Depending on your life style, you may use your hand painted dinnerware, like my mother, only for special occasions or every day. Design styles range from vintage to contemporary, can have just a simple colored rim or intricate floral patterns.
It isn't uncommon to change it up between hand painted dishes and complementary solid-colour ones. Choosing your dinnerware set is a question of personal taste. You may be well guided to ask for some advice as friends or family, especially older ones, usually have lots of experience and stories about those 'it seemed to make sense when I bought it'-situations.
So how much money are we looking at? Depending on the brand you choose, the prices vary. Price also depends on dish materials and the artistry involved. Be aware that some dishware may say 'hand painted' however truly, only a few details are actually hand painted.
Hand painted dinnerware will always cost more than regular dishes. Hand painted, glazed ceramics can easily cost around $50 a plate. I do suggest to check online as there are many places that offer great sales and depending on the order size will ship for free.
Some popular dinnerware brands include:
Royal Doulton
Villeroy & Boch
Spending some time planning and shopping around will increase your chances of getting what you really want, quality dinnerware and ensure continued joy.


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Take a look at this garden robot prototype so called Prospero. This is a pretty simple servo based hexapod robot that is equipped with gardening gear. The main idea is to develop a swarm of these robots that would perform tasks as a group. After it's finished Prospero robots should perform series of tasks in farm starting with planting seeds, taking care and harvest. In following video you can see on phase – planting seed.
Robot is controlled by Parallax Propeller chip. Continue reading

subset: commoncrawl


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Issue title is PATHE PICTORIAL LOOKS AT THE PASSING YEARS.
Location of events unknown.
Various shots of scruffy little boy, Dave, having his fortune told by a fortune teller woman in gypsy costume. She reads his palm, looks into crystal ball and even reads the bumps on his head (this makes him laugh as it tickles!). Dusty, Dave's small dog, sits watching. The dog gets impatient and bites Dave's shoes. C/U of dog sitting next to two empty tea cups covered in tea leaves.
Note: one of a series of "Dave and Dusty" stories, probably made for younger audiences.


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Mt. Malady: 'For their comfort and recoverie'
About 25 years ago, according to Dennis A. J. Morey, leaders of Henrico Doctors' Hospital got into a discussion about whether the institution could claim the banner of Henrico's first hospital. When officials looked into their hold on that claim, however, it turned out that they had been well off the mark. More than three centuries off, as a matter of fact. And that, Morey told a lecture audience, was how he got involved with the Henricus Foundation. "I was chief of staff at Henrico Doctors' Hospital," said Morey. "We learned we weren't the first Henrico hospital, and the staff thought it'd be good if we rebuilt [the first one]." A week after that brown-bag lecture, at Henricus Publick Days 2003, it was Morey who gave the order to a dozen or so men to lift a 1,000-pound wooden wall into place – the first wall of the reconstructed Mt. Malady. After those discussions of the 1980s, and the commitment to rebuild the first hospital, the retired gastroenterologist had gone on to become a founder of Henricus Historical Park – the setting for the original Mount Malady. A re-creation of the second successful English settlement in North America, Henricus today boasts numerous colonial-era buildings constructed in the wattle and daub style, not to mention a blacksmith's forge and tradesman's area, crop and tobacco fields, tobacco barn and husbandry buildings. But the Mount Malady building – re-created with the help of a $250,000 contribution from HCA Richmond Hospital – might be called a centerpiece. Built in 1612, the original Mt. Malady was not merely the first hospital in Henrico. As the first hospital in North America, its establishment ranks No. 13 on the Henrico Citizen's list of the most significant moments in Henrico's 400-year history. At the 2006 dedication of the new Mount Malady, Peter Marmenstein, CEO of CJW Medical Center, and Del. John O'Bannon were among the speakers who lauded the collaboration among localities, citizens and corporations that had brought the project to fruition. "This is a wonderful story," said O'Bannon. "Local government partners, working together, had the foresight to realize what this could become, [and joined] HCA from the private sector and citizens on the Henricus Foundation. " 'For the sicke and lame' In the first written mention of the original Mount Malady, Robert Johnson of London noted in a description of settlement construction, "Here they were building also an Hospitall with fourscore lodging, and beds alreadie sent to furnish them for the sicke and lame, with keepers' to attend them for their comfort and recoverie." Most likely, the original Mt. Malady was a a long, narrow structure protected by a palisade or paled fence. It held about 40 beds for 80 patients – a step up from the typical European hospital of the time, which might have housed four or more patients of mixed gender per bed, forcing them to sleep head-to-toe in rotating shifts. Modern hospital amenities such as white linens and sanitized instruments were unheard of. As were doctors, for the most part. Colonists were cared for by friends, family, and even the soldiers assigned to protect the hospital. Barber-surgeons might have also staffed Mount Malady, performing such duties as tooth extractions and bleedings and treating intestinal worms – in addition to shaving and cutting hair. Mt. Malady also differed from modern hospitals in its foremost purpose, which was to serve as a retreat or guest house similar to today's "assisted living." For many colonists, Mt. Malady was the first stop as they arrived in the New World. After an Atlantic voyage lasting two to four months, a stay at the hospital gave settlers time to recover from their journey and become acclimatized or "seasoned" to Virginia's unaccustomed heat and humidity. But when those incoming settlers brought infectious disease with them – or when settlers contracted typhoid fever, dysentery and salt poisoning by drinking contaminated water from shallow wells or the James – Mt. Malady would become an acute care facility. Protecting 'investments' Probably no one wanted Mt. Malady to succeed more than The Virginia Company officials. After all, many settlers represented significant investments to the company, which had financed their passages with the expectation of several years of indenture in return. If a settler died owing years of work, The Virginia Company lost money. As a "herbologist" mixed potions at the 2006 dedication, he reminded guests how perilously close the Virginia colony came to failing due to illness at Jamestown. The settlers almost gave up and went home before Lord de La Warre arrived at Jamestown in 1610. "Of the first 3600 who came to the colony, 3,000 didn't make it past a year," the herbologist said. As someone told me, 'Come to Virginia and Die' doesn't make a real good bumper sticker!" But in 1611, Sir Thomas Dale headed upriver from Jamestown to the healthier and more secure environment on the high bluff at Henricus. And this past May, as Henricus celebrated its 400th anniversary with a weekend devoted to Mt. Malady activities, a crowd of hundreds came to observe demonstrations by barber-surgeon re-enactors and participate in making home brews, remedies, and potions. They heard talks about the role of women as primary healers within the home in colonial and Virginia Indian cultures, and saw for themselves what settlers described four centuries ago as a "convenient, strong, healthie and a sweete seate to plant a new Towne in." And if visitors wondered how a hospital perched on that "sweete seate" on the banks of the James could be tagged with such a negative name, they wondered no longer. The name, which at first glance seems to be a corruption of the French word for illness, is not French at all. According to Dr. Morey's research, Mt. Malady's name is actually derived from "Milady," or the Virgin Mary. For details about Henricus, call 748-1613 or visit http://www.henricus.org |
'Secret Keeper Girl - Crazy Hair Tour' returning to West End Assembly of God
Hundreds of 'tweens' and their moms will attend the Secret Keeper Girl Crazy Hair Tour at West End Assembly of God on Jan. 22 at 6:30 p.m., a popular Bible-based tour geared toward building and strengthening relationships between mothers and their daughters (typically ages 8 to 12).
The event will feature a full fashion show, oversized balloon sculptures and confetti cannons – all in the name of inner beauty, Biblical modesty and vibrant purity. > Read more.
OutRVA, 'Say I Do!' to give away all-expenses paid wedding at Lewis Ginter
Citizen Staff Reports 01/15/2015
OutRVA and Say I Do! have collaborated to offer LGBT couples an opportunity to win an all-expenses-paid wedding at Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden's Robins Tea House on March 7.
In September, Richmond Region Tourism launched OutRVA, a campaign designed to show people Richmond's strong LGBT community and highlight the area as a travel destination.
The winning couple will say "I do" in a ceremony coordinated by event designer and floral artist Casey Godlove of Strawberry Fields Flowers & Gifts and marriage concierge, Ayana Obika of All About The Journey. The couple will receive wardrobe and styling, a custom wedding cake, florals, an overnight stay at the Linden Row Inn (including a suite on the day of the wedding for preparation), and a post-wedding brunch at the Hilton Garden Inn on Sunday, March 8. > Read more.
No CVWMA collection delays for Lee-Jackson, MLK holidays
Citizen Staff Reports 01/12/2015
CVWMA residential recycling and trash collections will continue as regularly scheduled for the Lee-Jackson (Jan. 16) and Martin Luther King, Jr. Day (Jan. 19) holidays. Residential recycling collections on Friday, Jan. 16 and the week of Jan 19-23 will take place on normal collection day. Residents should place recycling container(s) out for pick-up by 7 a.m. on their regular scheduled collection day. > Read more.
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CAT Theatre announces auditions for 'Quartet'
CAT Theatre will hold auditions for Quartet on Saturday, Feb. 21, from 4 p.m. to 7 p.m., and Sunday, Feb. 22, from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m. Auditions will be held at the theatre, located at 319 N. Wilkinson Road in Richmond. Quartet will run May 22 through June 6 and will close out CAT's 51st season.
Director Laurie Follmer is seeking two males, ages 50-70 and two females ages 50-70. British accents are required for roles and are requested for auditions. There is no actual singing in the show. Singing ability and experience is not a requirement. Audition sides are available at http://www.cattheatre.com on the Audition Page. > Read more.
Restaurant watch
Find out how your favorite dining establishments fared during their most recent inspections by the Virginia Department of Health. > Read more.
Weekend Top 10
It's off to the theatre – this weekend in Henrico! "Two on Tap" at CACGA brings audiences back in time to an era when couples like Fred & Ginger and Mickey & Judy filled the silver screen. CAT Theatre's production of "Book of Days" begins tonight and runs through Feb. 7. Fans of the Emmy Award-winning 1970s Saturday morning cartoon "Schoolhouse Rock!" will love the live adaptation at the University of Richmond on Sunday. The Shanghai Quartet will also perform at the University of Richmond. For all our top picks this weekend, click here! > Read more.
Health secretary urges Medicaid expansion
Bill would ease prescription hassles
Small fire extinguished at Mondelez factory
O'Bannon to seek re-election as supervisor
Police seek suspect in murder
- More News
Print Edition
Jan. 22, 2015
Click here to read the print edition.Entertainment
CAT Theatre announces auditions for 'Quartet'
Restaurant watch
Weekend Top 10
Environmental Film Festival films to be screened at Tuckahoe Library
Weekend Top 10
- More Entertainment
Obituary – Charles Wilbur "Bill" Emery
Obituary – Susan O'Brien Dempsey
Obituary – Joseph R. Beckman
- More Obituaries
'Secret Keeper Girl - Crazy Hair Tour' returning to West End Assembly of God
OutRVA, 'Say I Do!' to give away all-expenses paid wedding at Lewis Ginter
No CVWMA collection delays for Lee-Jackson, MLK holidays
- More Community
Bored senseless
Announcing Henrico Restaurant Week
An actual holiday spirit
- More Opinions
Monument City Classic volleyball tournament returns to town this weekend
Richmond Strikers form girls lacrosse program
Virginia fisherman wins James River event in Henrico
- More Sports
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Knights of Columbus Council 395 will hold a Brunswick stew sale from 1:30 p.m. to 3 p.m. at the Columbian Center, 2324 Pump Rd. Prices are $8 for one quart… Full text


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The Sandy Bridge Review: Intel Core i7-2600K, i5-2500K and Core i3-2100 Tested
by Anand Lal Shimpi on January 3, 2011 12:01 AM ESTGeneral Performance: SYSMark 2007
Our journey starts with SYSMark 2007, the only all-encompassing performance suite in our review today. The idea here is simple: one benchmark to indicate the overall performance of your machine. SYSMark 2007 ends up being more of a dual-core benchmark as the applications/workload show minimal use of more than two threads.
The 2600K is our new champion, the $317 chip is faster than Intel's Core i7 980X here as SYSMark 2007 doesn't really do much with the latter's extra 2 cores. Even the 2500K is a hair faster than the 980X. Compared to the Core i5 750, the upgrade is a no brainer - Sandy Bridge is around 20% faster at the same price point as Lynnfield.
Compared to Clarkdale, the Core i3 2100 only manages a 5% advantage howeer.
Adobe Photoshop CS4 Performance
To measure performance under Photoshop CS4 we turn to the Retouch Artists' Speed Test. The test does basic photo editing; there are a couple of color space conversions, many layer creations, color curve adjustment, image and canvas size adjustment, unsharp mask, and finally a gaussian blur performed on the entire image.
The whole process is timed and thanks to the use of Intel's X25-M SSD as our test bed hard drive, performance is far more predictable than back when we used to test on mechanical disks.
Time is reported in seconds and the lower numbers mean better performance. The test is multithreaded and can hit all four cores in a quad-core machine.
Once again, we have a new king - the 2600K is 9.7% faster than the 980X in our Photoshop CS4 test and the 2500K is just about equal to it. The Core i3 2100 does much better compared to the i3 540, outpacing it by around 30% and nearly equaling the performance of AMD's Phenom II X6 1100T.
282 Comments
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omelet - Tuesday, January 11, 2011 - link
For almost any game, the resolution will not affect the stress on the CPU. It is no harder for a CPU to play the game at 2560x1600 than it is to play at 1024x768, so to ensure that the benchmark is CPU-limited, low resolutions are chosen.
For instance, the i5 2500k gets ~65fps in the Starcraft test, which is run at 1024x768. The i5 2500k would also be capable of ~65fps at 2560x1600, but your graphics card might not be at that resolution.
Since this is a review for a CPU, not for graphics cards, the lower resolution is used, so we know what the limitation is for just the CPU. If you want to know what resolution you can play at, look at graphics card reviews. Reply -
Tom - Sunday, January 30, 2011 - link
Which is why the tests have limited real world value. Skewing the tests to maximize the cpu differences makes new cpus look impressive, but it doesn't show the reality that the new cpu isn't needed in the real world for most games. Reply -
Oyster - Monday, January 03, 2011 - link
Maybe I missed this in the review, Anand, but can you please confirm that SB and SB-E will require quad-channel memory? Additionally, will it be possible to run dual-channel memory on these new motherboards? I guess I want to save money because I already have 8GB of dual-channel RAM :).
Thanks for the great review! Reply -
CharonPDX - Monday, January 03, 2011 - link
You can confirm it from the photos of it only using two DIMMs in photo. Reply -
JumpingJack - Monday, January 03, 2011 - link
This has been discussed in great detail. The i7, i3, and i5 2XXX series is dual channel. The rumor mill is abound with SB-E having quad channel, but I don't recall seen anything official from Intel on this point. Reply -
8steve8 - Monday, January 03, 2011 - link
the K processors have the much better IGP and a variable multiplier, but to use the improved IGP you need an H67 chipset, which doesn't support changing the multiplier? Reply -
ViRGE - Monday, January 03, 2011 - link
CPU Multiplier: Yes, H67 cannot change the CPU multiplier
GPU Multiplier: No, even H67 can change the GPU multiplier Reply -
mczak - Monday, January 03, 2011 - link
I wonder why though? Is this just officially? I can't really see a good technical reason why CPU OC would work with P67 but not H67 - it is just turbo going up some more steps after all. Maybe board manufacturers can find a way around that?
Or is this not really linked to the chipset but rather if the IGP is enabled (which after all also is linked to turbo)? Reply -
Rick83 - Monday, January 03, 2011 - link
I just checked the manual to MSI's 7676 Mainboard (high-end H67) and it lists cpu core multiplier in the bios (page 3-7 of the manual, only limitation mentioned is that of CPU support), with nothing grayed out and overclockability a feature. As this is the 1.1 Version, I think someone misunderstood something....
Unless MSI has messed up its Manual after all and just reused the P67 Manual.... Still, the focus on over-clocking would be most ridiculous. Reply -
Rick83 - Monday, January 03, 2011 - link
also, there is this:http://www.eteknix.com/previews/foxconn-h67a-s-h67...
Where the unlocked multiplier is specifically mentioned as a feature of the H67 board.
So I think anandtech got it wrong here.... Reply


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Home�>�Articles�>�Canine Distemper |
Canine Distemper |
See Supplement for Canine Distemper Canine Distemper is a highly contagious viral disease that is transmitted in the air. It affects the dog's respiratory, gastrointestinal and central nervious system and can be fatal if not treated in time. Puppies and older dogs are more susceptible to contracting canine distemper. (Distemper in cats is known as Feline Panleukopenia and is caused by the parvovirus.) Symptoms of Canine Distemper?Dogs who have contracted canine distemper suffer from the following symptoms which often get more severe as the disease progresses:
Conventional TreatmentIt is important to seek treatment immediately if you suspect your dog has contracted canine distemper. While there is no known cure, conventional treatment usually involved antibiotics for secondary infections and intravenous fluids. Because most dogs are vaccinated for the distemper virus, the incidence of this disease has greatly decreased over the years. However, many vets and animal caretakers believe that yearly vaccinations are leading to more and more disorders of the immune system which results in dogs and cats becoming suspectible to many diseases. Natural Homeopathic Treatments for Canine DistemperCanine Distemper is one disease where there is a wealth of evidence that homeopathic remedies have a much higher success rate than traditional methods. The primary ingredient in many homeopathic remedies, Distemperinum, has a proven track record in recovering animals who have contracted the disease. Other ingredients used in the homeopathic approach to treatment include:


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A Textural Dialogue
Writer Christian T. OwenPhotographer Terry SweeneyDesigner Chappell Paden has created a home with an interior that emphasizes layers of texture. The artistry is in making the final product both functional and aesthetically cohesive. With a variety of textures—from exotic animals and complementary fabric patterns to sculptural artwork and weathered architectural fragments—Paden has woven the influences of outdoor surfaces together to develop a home reflective of its owners.


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Kobe Bryant divorce Vanessa Laine ?
Kobe Bryant divorce
After being charged with sexual assault on July 18, 2003, Kobe Bryant
admitted to the whole world that he had been unfaithful. Rebuilding a marriage
after an infidelity is, needless to say, difficult. Kobe and Vanessa will have
to deal with the media blitz and stress about the legal outcome of the case
against him as they work through their personal problems and her possible
feelings of rage, shock, hurt, confusion, and depression


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When I first created these charming Party Poppers a few years ago, I had no idea just how popular they would become.
Everyone instantly fell in love with them. They were created as part of our gourmet food items and we've sold them to many, many stores and shops nation wide.
They were also featured in Paula Deens Magazine and were used in place settings on her holiday table as favors for her guest. Now you can Make Your Own Poppers using our clear plastic tubes. Just fill with your favorite candies or gum….add charming crepe paper and tie up with ribbon.
It's easy however takes a bit of time but oh so worth it…
You can find these fun containers on our web site. They come with complete instructions. Another Party Original from The Sugar Diva
If you try these, be sure to send me pictures to show here at Creative Party Place….
Dianne / The Sugar Diva


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Stomach Cancer: Chemotherapy
Cancer chemotherapy is the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. Unlike radiation and surgery, which are localized treatments, chemotherapy is a systemic treatment, meaning the drugs travel throughout the whole body. This means chemotherapy can reach cancer cells that may have spread, or metastasized, to other areas.
For stomach cancer, chemotherapy is usually combined with other types of treatment, such as surgery and radiation therapy, in an attempt to:
- Increase survival time
- Prevent recurrence
- Provide some symptom relief
Chemotherapy is usually given after surgery. Research is being done to study the effects of chemotherapy given in an effort to shrink the stomach cancer before surgery.
Chemotherapy Drugs Used for Stomach Cancer
There are several chemotherapeutic drugs that are currently being used to treat stomach cancer. These include F-FU, cisplatin , oxaliplatin , irinotecan , capecitabine , anthracyclines, and taxanes.
Chemotherapy agents may be given by mouth or by injection into a vein. Research is studying the effects of chemotherapy instilled directly into the abdomen, called intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
Effectiveness of Chemotherapy for Stomach Cancer
Chemotherapy, when given in combination with radiation after surgery, increases the survival time and increases the amount of time before recurrence. In a group of stomach cancer patients who received chemotherapy and radiation following surgery, the 3-year survival rate was 50%, versus 41% in those who received no additional treatment after surgery. Relapse (return of cancer) occurred in 43% of the chemoradiation group compared to 64% in the no treatment group.
Chemotherapy may be helpful for more advanced stomach cancer that has already spread to organs outside of the stomach. This treatment may improve survival time by months and the quality of life. Various combinations of chemotherapy may bring about a response in up to 50% of patients; a response is defined as shrinkage of the tumor volume by 50% or more.
Side Effects
Chemotherapy given to treat stomach cancer may cause the following side effects:
- Sunburn-like skin irritation
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Nerve damage
- Low blood counts
- Hair loss
- Kidney damage
Last reviewedSeptember 2014by Igor Puzanov, MD
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.


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Follow-Up Postings:
It definitely looks like nematode damage. Sorry to hear. I know you love your babies. |
Here is a link that might be useful: Nematode damage pics on HL
- Posted by moccasinlanding z9A AL (My Page) on Mon, May 14, 12 at 0:28
This makes me just sick. Well, cut my losses and do what has to be done. Drats, I so wanted to see them bloom. |
I was just noticing the other day how much my young one stands out despite it just being plain green. I got mine by mistake, it was supposed to have been Elegans. Everyone on here knew what it was as soon as it bloomed. I think I can squeeze just one more hosta in there. A real tiny one. |
- Posted by moccasinlanding z9A AL (My Page) on Mon, May 14, 12 at 1:48
Frank, if you put in Chartreuse Wiggles, it will be the punk rocker of the crowd. All spiky hair dyed yellow-green. Or maybe Curly Fries? Little but eye catching. Your plantaginea looks so good. But then, all of your hosta look beautiful. |
- Posted by steve_mass 5b (My Page) on Mon, May 14, 12 at 6:34
Where did you get that Plantaginea, Moccasin? Tissue Culture is supposed to kill all the nems. Steve |
- Posted by ken_adrian z5 (My Page) on Mon, May 14, 12 at 7:47
wow in MAY ... that really tells me a lot about your zone ken |
- Posted by moccasinlanding z9A AL (My Page) on Mon, May 14, 12 at 11:26
What a bummer. Well, I got the two plantaginea from Seawright, Steve. Last September. They overwintered in the pots from the nursery. Then I potted them together as they began emerging. A new pot, new nursery soil, but I did not bare root them. I have the Lakeside Kaleidoscope which was sitting at the base of the plantaginea pedestal, and it is looking suspiciously nematodish too, but not as bad. It came from Seawright as well. The other plants acquired from there are looking fine. I do not know anything about tracking down the source of the foliar nematode problem, but I feel certain it was from the garden here. Where these plants overwintered they were covered in leaves, got rained on repeatedly, and it was not a really cold winter. Whether that factors in I cannot say, but it wasn't the sort of winter hosta expect to have. Steve, why do you think the plantaginea would be tissue cultured? Is that the way most of them enter the nursery trade, and are grown out only? I guess there might have been a fancy tag on the nursery pots (6" I think), but to be honest right now, I cannot remember a thing. I am so really distressed by this. I need to meditate a while and gather myself for strength required to deal with this problem. Thank goodness my DH is busy getting the shade frame ready for the cloth covering the Back Forty hosta corral. Then I can haul in the bark and compost load which was dumped on our drive over a week ago. I'm creating a mound and totally raised area where I can presently stage the pots in the sides and top of the mound. A bit later on, I should have the area civilized enough to think about planting some big guys directly into the (raised) soil and bark. Because my next load of stuff will be only pine bark. It has multiple uses, and looks really good. Lot of pine bark here in the south. Once they move to their new location, I can spread them apart more, and keep any water from splashing on other plants. I was guilty of washing falling blossoms off the leaves--bad idea I realize, should have used a round sable brush, long handled maybe. Monet would have done that, I bet. Ken, based on the presence of foliar nematodes this early in the year, what exactly does that tell you about my zone? A lot more than the temperature and zone number does? I'd appreciate your insight, because the measures I must take seem to require a decisive draconian approach. I need to eat breakfast. Not a happy camper today. :/ |
- Posted by steve_mass 5b (My Page) on Mon, May 14, 12 at 16:07
Moccassin, We don't usually see Nems up north until late July or August. May is absolutely unheard of here. That tells us you are months ahead. Most plants sold today are Tissue Cultures. At Hallson for example, that's all he sells. Some places will sell plants from field grown divisions. It's possible those nems came from other plants. Brunnera has a lot of it. They will spread by overhead watering and by rain. Any plant downhill of those Plantaginea who would have had water splashed on from them could also have nems. Watch em. Steve Steve |
I believe that we don't hear as much as we should about foliar nematodes just because they don't show until late in the season. In a discussion with Chris on the Hallson list last year, we decided they are virtually inevitable and we are going to have to live with them. They are rampant in the gardens and affect far more plants than hostas. The first year I saw any signs of them at all, I destroyed the plants affected. But last year I had MANY. It's not feasible to destroy my entire hosta garden; so I'm gonna enjoy them early in the season and concentrate on clean-up - cutting any affected leaves as soon as possible and cutting and cleaning the entire garden in the autumn. Ann |
Nematodes will continue in the soil even after plants are thrown out. Here in the North in August it goes downhill with hostas, nems are only part of it. The middle /end of July (will do it soon now too) I spray leaves with systemic Bayer Advanced Complete Insect Killer which has Merit in it. That will stop them. I noticed its effect on nems last year. Nems can pop up suddenly, like two years nothing, and there they are on a plant, so you can not really point to where they come from. |
- Posted by moccasinlanding z9A AL (My Page) on Thu, Jun 21, 12 at 19:30
bump for Bkay |
- Posted by Cricket_Love 4b (My Page) on Thu, Jun 21, 12 at 23:14
Do you have to kill the plant if they have this? |
No, there are a couple of treatments. One is a hot water bath, where you take a certain temp water and soak the bare-rooted plant for a certain amount of time. Then you pour boiling water into the dirt where the plant was. It sets the plant back significantly, but usually doesn't kill it. Another treatment is the bleach soak. Here you have to bare-root the hosta and break down the hosta into single eyed plants and soak in a bleach solution. If you have the problem, start a new thread and someone will help you with finding the detailed directions you need to treat your hosta. bkay |
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2012-2013 Awards
The Saving tiny Hearts Society is thrilled to announce that we have funded four (4) new research projects along with providing second year funding for another project! Our Medical Review Board reviewed twenty-five (25) applications and selected the following projects as the best of the best!!
Total Funding Awarded:
- $190,000 Awarded
- Funded Four (4) New Promising Research Projects
- Second Year Funding for Peter Mohler, PhD
- Selected from Twenty-five (25) Grant Applications Requesting Nearly $4M in Funding
Projects funding awarded in 2012-2013:
- Defining New Mechanisms to Uncover the Early Developmental Manifestations of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy in Children
Principle Investigator – Farah Sheikh
The Regents of the University of California
University of California San Diego - Engaging Sonographers to Improve Prenatal Screening for Heart Defects in Practice
Principle Investigator – Nelangi M. Pinto
University of Utah - Augmenting O-GlcNAcylation, an Intrinsic Cardiovascular Stress Adaption, to Prevent Low Cardiac Output Syndrome in Mocel of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Principle Investigator – Aaron Olson
Seattle Children's Hospital - Myosin Heavy Chain 7 Mutation and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Principle Investigator – Charles E. Murray
University of Washington - Defining New Paradigms for Arrhythmia and Sudden Cardiac Death in Children
Principle Investigator – Peter Mohler, PhD
The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
Second Year Funding


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Dragon City Hack Tool 2013
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which usually take time, specific items, and/or money. Another rather great feature in the game are Gems. Although you can buy them
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Not optimal | |||||
User: Bill C, Oct 29, 2014 |
My Moto X has a leatherized rounded back, which does not hold to the NanoTek Desk Stand as well as it could. It does hold, but it seems that it might fall off at any moment. A note in the provided instructions reads The mounting pads are designed to work best with smooth flat surfaces. Certain leather, sillicone, or textured surface cases many not provide ideal adhesion. Had I read the above before making the purchase, I would have sought another product. |


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There's no shortage of performance in the Jaguar lineup. With the XFR sedan, the XKR two-door, and the XJ Super Sport sedan, the British automaker has a trio of 510-hp supercharged brutes that are plenty competent around a track. But what Jaguar doesn't have is performance with cachet. The R subbrand carries little emotional weight compared with BMW M, Mercedes-Benz AMG, and Audi RS badges.
Enter the XKR-S. It's Jaguar's fastest production car ever and churns out 550 hp for a price of $132,875. If that doesn't grab your attention, take just one look at the sleek sports car slathered in scintillating French racing blue paint.Tuned for the track
Extracting additional performance from the XKR to create the XKR-S was largely an exercise in calibration rather than swapping hardware. The familiar supercharged 5.0-liter V-8 now makes 550 hp and 502 lb-ft of torque, up 40 hp and 41 lb-ft from the XKR's output. Engineers have stiffened the front suspension uprights, tweaked the rear suspension geometry, increased spring rates 28 percent up front and 32 percent in back, and dropped the ride height 0.4 inch. The XKR's adaptive dampers and active rear differential have also been tuned to act more aggressively. The most significant hardware changes come in the form of an active exhaust, a reworked aero package that reduces lift by 26 percent, and Pirelli PZero tires wrapped around new 20-inch aluminum wheels finished in a sinister graphite color.
To enrich the interior, there's supple stitched leather covering the seats, the dash, and a new steering wheel, and the cabin is trimmed with leather carbon-fiber-like accents and optional dark aluminum inserts. The XKR-S-exclusive sport seats are exceptionally comfortable and feature 16-way adjustability including inflatable side bolsters.
The only obvious omission from the XKR-S's pedigree is a weight-loss program. The front splitter, rear diffuser, and rear wing are made of carbon fiber, but that decision was driven by aesthetics, not function. Weight remains unchanged from the XKR, at 3968 pounds. For now, the XKR-S is only available as a coupe.Powerful, punchy, and playful
We already knew that the XKR is a torque monster, so it's no surprise that the XKR-S produces silly thrust before the pedal is depressed even halfway. The gas pedal's satisfying responsiveness means a short sprint to triple-digit speeds is always waiting for your command. Jaguar claims 60 mph comes in 4.2 seconds and that a top speed of 186 mph makes the XKR-S the fastest production car in the brand's history.
A six-speed automatic transmission is the only gearbox offered, but it is a very, very good one. With Jaguar's rotary gear selector twisted all the way to the right to the sport setting, the transmission will crack off shifts with a hammer-like punch. Initiating Dynamic mode sharpens the throttle response, tightens up the dampers, and opens a set of valves in the exhaust. At full wood, the XKR-S emits a raw, guttural snarl of blats and grunts and the sharp bark at lift-off is chased by intermittent aftershocks of snaps and crackles as the engine revs fall. It's hardly the seductive symphony of an Italian engine, but this Jag has a presence and aural individuality that makes the heart flutter.
What really gets our pulse pounding, though, is the devilish active differential, which uses an electric motor to progressively lock the rear wheels together. As we hustle through the turns of the Algarve race circuit in Portugal, the diff makes its existence known by dialing in the perfect amount of lockup to keep the car neutral and balanced. Thanks to the rigidity of the chassis, the natural tuning of the throttle pedal, and the supportive seats, you can perfectly read and anticipate the differential's actions, inviting explorations into controlled oversteer without threatening a smoky spin.


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We have 30 years experience in organising walking holidays in Scotland. It all started back in 1984 with our Coast to Coast route - hence the company name. In those days we organised multi-activity walking/cycling/canoeing trips but since 1992 we have been specialising in self-guided / self-led / independent hiking and biking vacations. We book and pre-pay all your accommodation, arrange your baggage transfer from door to door, and provide detailed route guidance, maps and other useful information about hiking in Scotland. This means you can enjoy the Scottish scenery at your own pace, without the hassle of a heavy pack or any worries about where to stay. Another advantage of self-guided holidays is that you can start on almost any date from April to October. On most routes we can also customise an itinerary to suit your fitness and how much time you have. We only book good standard B&Bs, guest houses and hotels and take great care in organising our specialist holidays. Our routes are based in areas rich in history and are an ideal way for you to explore some of the most beautiful parts of Scotland. You don't have to be an experienced (or very fit) walker to enjoy our holidays; on many of our routes there are options for shorter daily walks and you can choose to spend more time sight-seeing, visiting local historic attractions like castles and distilleries. In addition to our hiking routes, we also arrange weekend breaks and bespoke cycling tours. See below for summary of all our routes and click on the links for itineraries and other information. We can arrange transfers from Scottish airports to your first night's accommodation, and back to the airport after your walk. We can also book accommodation for you in Edinburgh, Glasgow, or Stirling before and after your walking holiday. Have a browse through our pages and contact us if you have any questions. | We are a small family-run business, so when we are busy we sometimes take a few days to answer emails. If you need a quick response it is best to phone.
What we do Scotland Prices and info |
Walking levels Weather & seasons Feedback Contact / bookings |
This website is updated regularly. To minimize download times for slow connections, the graphics have been kept simple and the photographs small - click on the small photos to see them full size. There are no cookies, frames or pop-ups and the site is best viewed at 1024x768 or above. The pages should print out easily also if you want a paper copy. If you have come to this page in a frame from another site click here to break free. Last update: 10th January 2014. |


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THE BNAPS TECHNICAL REFERENCE SERIES - Revenues
An Introduction to Canadian Revenue Stamps
by Christopher D. Ryan
Copyright © 2002, revised version Copyright © 2009Overview:
Revenue stamps (commonly called Revenues) are used to pay a fee, tax or credit to a governmental department, agency or authority. In addition to the traditional adhesive stamps, Revenues also take the form of imprints, embosses, tickets, hand-stamps and printed marks applied by meter machines.
Revenues encompass a wide and diverse field. Over the years, they have been used in Canada for items as varied as court documents, sales receipts, loan statements, playing cards, matches, garbage, cheques, tobacco, liquor, deeds, cigarette papers, perfumes, licences, patent medicines, stock certificates, bills of exchange, gasoline, contracts, passports, inspection certificates, etc., etc. For many years, revenue stamps were far more numerous in this Country than postage stamps.
With a few exceptions such as paid tags for garbage and (in 2010) excise stamps for tobacco products, revenue stamps are not used today. However, new discoveries are still being made amongst stamps issued decades ago.
The simplest way of collecting Revenues is by face-different stamps. This can be easily expanded upon by adding perforation and shade varieties, as well as specimens and proofs. Extensions can also be made into the realms of perfins, cancels, printed precancels, margin inscriptions, lathework and stamped documents. One big field of current interest is Fiscal History, which is the revenue-stamp equivalent of Postal History. There is ongoing research in most of these areas.
For most Revenues, the standard numbering system is provided by van Dam's The Canadian Revenue Stamp Catalogue. In the case of excise stamps for tobacco products, the Brandom Catalogue from 1976 remains in use. (A new catalogue of the tobacco stamps is in preparation.)
Greater details for many of the stamps are provided by a seven-volume series of handbooks from Edward Zaluski entitled Canadian Revenues. These handbooks were published from 1988 through 1994, and incorporate what was known at the time(s) about Canadian revenue stamps. (These handbooks are in the process of being updated.)
Most new discoveries and current researches are published in Canadian Revenue Newsletter, the newsletter of the Canadian Revenue Study Group. Recent articles on Canadian Revenues have also appeared in BNA Topics, The Revenue Journal (published in the UK) and The American Revenuer.
Contact information for the Canadian Revenue Study Group can be found elsewhere on the BNAPS website. [Please click the links to see examples]
All images provided by Christopher Ryan, except those marked * (Bob Lane) and ** (Fritz Angst)
Types of Canadian Revenue Stamps and Related Items: (This list is not comprehensive.)
Airport Departure Fee: example Numerous local airport authorities have introduced departure fees for passengers of commercial airlines. These fees are usually known as "airport improvement fees". In many instances, the departure fee is collected as part of an airline's passage ticket. However, a number of authorities have used special tickets as means of collection. These tickets must be purchased in advance by departing airline passengers and presented to security or other airport personnel prior to boarding the airplane. The tickets are cancelled by the removal of a rouletted stub.
Amusement Tax: example Provincial amusement tax tickets were used to collect taxes on patrons of entertainments such as theatres, cinemas, concerts, races and sporting events. The tickets were typically torn or otherwise destroyed upon the entry of the patron to the premises.
Assurance License: example (document) stamps on back of document Quebec's assurance license stamps were used to collect a tax on insurance policies in that province.
Bill: example Bill stamps were used to pay a tax on promissory notes and bills of exchange from 1864 through 1882. Cheques were exempt from this tax.
Chomage / Unemployment: Quebec's chomage / unemployment stamps were affixed to wrappers that enclosed bottles of liquor. The monies raised by this tax were designated for the relief of unemployed individuals.
Consular Fee: document stamps Consular fee stamps were used abroad at Canadian embassies, consulates, missions and other offices where varying levels of consular services were provided. These services included the following items: letters to foreign authorities, identity and travel papers, verification of signatures, attestation of documents, administration of oaths, translation of documents, issuance of various certificates and administration of estates.
Customs Duty: document stamp Federal customs duty stamps were used by foreign publishers and advertisers to prepay the customs duty on periodicals and printed advertising matter entering Canada. During the period of 1940 to 1945, these stamps were also used to prepay an excise tax, the War Exchange Tax, on the same periodicals and printed advertising matter.
Prior to its 1949 entry into Confederation, Newfoundland issued similar stamps for its own duty on foreign printed advertising matter.
Education Tax: An official name for Saskatchewan's retail sales tax. See Sales Tax below.
Electric Light or Electricity Inspection: document stamps
Electric light or electricity inspection stamps were affixed to certificates by federal government inspectors as receipts for fees paid by the public for the verification of the supply voltage and of the meters used to measure electrical consumption.
The inspection of electrical installations (wiring, outlets, service entrances, motors, transformers, et cetera) was the responsibility of municipal and/or provincial authorities. Some of these authorities issued their own revenue stamps. (See Saskatchewan Power Commission below.)
Excise and War Tax: document stamps While the war and excise tax stamps issued by the federal Revenue Department have been traditionally catalogued as separate varieties, these issues are really all one and the same type of revenue stamp. The variations in the inscription were a result of the period in which the basic, unsurcharged stamp was issued. The chronology of the inscriptions is as follows:
1915 - 1919
1920 - 1921
1923 - 1953War Tax (provisional overprint on postage stamps)
Inland Revenue / War Tax
Inland Revenue / Excise Tax
Customs and Excise / Excise Tax
Excise / AcciseAll of these stamps, regardless of their inscription, were used to collect some of the taxes imposed under the Special War Revenue Act., which was later renamed the Excise Tax Act. All but one of these stamp taxes were repealed or converted to a non-stamp tax in or before 1953.
Excise Duty - Tobacco Products and Malt Syrup: example-1 example-2* Federal excise duty stamps pre-date the excise/war tax stamps by fifty-one years and are distinct from the latter. They represented "duties" levied under a federal statute that was known at various times as either the Excise Act or the Inland Revenue Act. Goods subject to stamp duties under this statute were tobacco products (1864-1974) and malt syrup (1934-1948).
During the 1940s, tobacco excise duty stamps were surcharged with an excise tax that was newly imposed under the Special War Revenue Act. This practice was largely discontinued in 1947 when the excise tax on tobacco products was converted from a stamp-tax to a manufacturers-tax based on reported sales. The exceptions to this discontinuation were the stamps used on raw leaf sold at retail for consumption.
The provinces have also collected taxes on tobacco products. A few of these levies were collected by means of revenue stamps, most significantly Newfoundland's pre-1949 excise. See Tobacco Tax below for other provincial stamps taxes on tobacco products.
Garbage Tags: example, BC, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, NWT, Yukon, Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario, New Brunswick As an incentive to residents to reduce the amount of garbage produced, many municipal and regional governments have recently introduced (1990s) a collection fee per bag or other approved container. In general, a fixed number of bags or other containers of garbage are collected free of charge with any excess required to be affixed with a tag in payment of the prescribed collection fee. These garbage tags usually take the form of a self-adhesive strip or decal and must be purchased in advance from a government office or other authorized vendor.
The application of the collection fee varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Some localities require a tag on all garbage. Some localities have special tags for higher fees charged on large items and other special disposals such as vehicle tires and devices containing ozone-depleting refrigerants. Recyclable materials that are properly separated and sorted are typically exempt from a collection fee.
Gas Inspection: document stamps Gas inspection stamps were affixed to certificates by federal government inspectors as receipts for fees paid by the public for the verification of gas quality and the accuracy of the meters used to measure its consumption. 'Gas' included substances such as natural gas and propane, but not gasoline whose pumps were verified by federal inspectors of Weights and Measures. (See below.)
Gasoline Tax: example Ontario's gasoline tax stamps were used at individual gasoline retailers whose supplier had declined to collect and remit the tax on their bulk sales.
Health Tax: See Tobacco Tax below.
Hospital Aid: British Columbia's hospital aid stamps were affixed to receipts in payment of a tax on meals sold at restaurants and other venues.
Hospital Tax: An official name for Nova Scotia's retail sales tax. See Sales Tax below.
Hunting and Fishing: hunting* inside* Fishing and hunting revenue stamps were used to collect fees levied for the respective licences. For hunting, a generic paper licence was generally used to which one or more stamps were affixed, each representing a different species. In this way, a single licence served many different purposes at once. The wildlife conservation stamps issued by the federal government are revenue stamps. The conservation stamps issued by provincially-based organizations, such as wildlife societies and fish and game associations, are not revenue stamps. These particular stamps are charity stamps, sold for fund-raising purposes and have no franking value.
Inland Revenue: bill of exchange stamps on back of the bill Newfoundland's inland revenue stamps were general purpose stamps that paid various taxes and fees imposed on a wide variety of documents.
Law: document law stamp Law stamps were typically, but not exclusively, used for the payment of fees and/or taxes imposed on documents associated with civil judicial proceedings. The funds from these stamps were often designated for the support of the court system.
There were several exceptions to the usual purpose of law stamps. One such exception occurred in Quebec where for a period of time law stamps were required on documents recorded at registry offices in addition to registration stamps. Another exception occurred in Ontario where law stamps were used to pay the fee for searches in land titles offices. In other provinces, such as Alberta, Manitoba and British Columbia, separate search-fee stamps or tickets were used.
Liquor - Federal: example While they are widely collected by revenue stamp collectors, the federal liquor strip-stamps are not revenue stamps. These items represent neither the payment of nor the exemption from the excise duty on liquor. The duty on liquor was payable upon removal of the bulk containers (barrels, casks et cetera) from excise bond. Beginning in 1883, liquor manufacturers were given permission by the Revenue Department to bottle their products while still in excise bond. The liquor strip-stamps were used to seal the bottles since they remained in bond until removed for consumption and the duty paid. The rules for the use of the stamps varied over time, but it suffices to say here that they were mandatory for some products, optional for others and forbidden for still others. In the eyes of the manufacturers the net purpose of the stamps was to vouch for the legitimacy and aging of their products.
Luxury Tax: example Ontario's luxury tax stamps were affixed to bottles of carbonated drinks or domestic wines, or to invoices, in payment of a tax levied on such beverages at the retail level. Beer was also taxable, but stamps were not used.
Malt Syrup: See Excise Duty above.
Postal Note and Scrip: postal note postal money order Large paper postal notes, which resembled money orders, were once sold at Canadian post offices for the purpose of sending small amounts of money through the mail. They complemented postal money orders, which were used for larger remittances. Postal note stamps were initially affixed to denominated postal notes to raise their value. Following the discontinuation of the denominated postal notes, the stamps were affixed to postal money orders to make up the cent amounts. For a time, the stamps were also sold loose to the public for the postal transmission of very small remittances. The change in the stamps' inscription from "note" to "scrip" occurred in the 1950s.
Registration: document stamps Quebec's registration stamps were used to pay fees and/or taxes imposed on agreements, contracts, deeds, conveyances and other legal documents that under provincial law had to be recorded at a local registry office.
Sales Tax: example Unlike provincial amusement tax-tickets, retail sales tax-tickets bearing various official names for the levies were not revenue stamps. These items were merely accounting aids for retailers. As far as governments were concerned, these tickets had no monetary value whatsoever with regards to payment of retail sales taxes.
Saskatchewan Power Commission: document stamps In Saskatchewan, revenue stamps were used first in the City of Saskatoon, then throughout the Province, for the payment of fees levied on the inspection of wiring and other electrical installations such as service entrances, motors and transformers. Initially, the stamps were affixed by electricians or contractors to official work-reports that were submitted to the responsible government body. Later, payments of the fees were made in cash and the stamps were affixed within the provincial government office.
The verification of the supply voltage and of the meters used to measure electrical consumption was the responsibility of the federal government, who issued its own revenue stamps for this service. (See Electric Light or Electricity Inspection above.)
Saskatoon Electric Department: See Saskatchewan Power Commission.
Search Fee: Provincial search fee stamps or tickets were used to pay fees charged for searches of public records such as land titles.
Social Security and Municipal Aid Tax: An official name for British Columbia's retail sales tax. See Sales Tax above.
Social Service and Educational Tax: An official name for New Brunswick's retail sales tax. See Sales Tax above.
Social Services Tax: An official name for British Columbia's retail sales tax. See Sales Tax above.
Telegraph Franks: Other that those issued by the government-owned Canadian National Telegraphs, telegraph franks were private issues. These franks were used by selected individuals to permit the free transmission of their messages on the lines of the respective company.
Telephone Franks: Telephone franks were of two types: government and private. These stamps were used to prepay telephone charges.
Tobacco Tax: During the 1940s, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island used stamps to collect a tax on retail sales of tobacco products. The funds were designated for health purposes. For federal and Newfoundland tobacco stamps see Excise Duty.
Transfer Tax: document stamps Ontario and Quebec transfer tax stamps were used to pay a tax on the transfer of stocks and bonds that occurred off recognized stock exchanges. In later years, this tax was frequently paid in cash and the use of the stamps was limited to private companies. For transfers made on a recognized exchange, the tax was paid to the exchange who forwarded the funds to the government.
Transportation Tax: Newfoundland's transportation tax stamps paid a levy on ship tickets for passage out of the province.
Ultimate Purchaser's Tax: The official name for Alberta's short-lived retail sales tax. See Sales Tax above.
Unemployment Insurance: cover* interior-1* interior-2* Federal unemployment insurance stamps were sold to employers to be affixed to employees' cards or booklets in payment of premiums levied upon the employers.
Vacation Pay: cover interior Provincial vacation pay credit stamps were sold to employers to be affixed to booklets held by seasonal, transient, temporary and other short-term employees in payment of monies owed to those employees in place of paid vacation time.
War Savings or Thrift Stamps: document stamps Federal thrift or war savings stamps were purchased by the public as a means of accumulating small savings in multiples of 25-cents. When a sufficient quantity had been acquired, the purchaser could then exchange the stamps for an interest-bearing stamp (1919 only) or a certificate. During the 1940s, Newfoundland, as an independent country, operated a similar scheme using 10-cent stamps.
Weights and Measures: document stamps Weights and measures inspection stamps were affixed to certificates by federal government inspectors as receipts for fees paid by the public for the verification of weights, measures and measuring devices used for trade purposes.
Return to Technical Reference Series Index
Return to Main Index


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Your Samples
Add samples
Karndean Designflooring
A large range of Karndean commercial flooring products are available at the Northwest Design Centre in Manchester. Specialising in the hospitality and leisure sectors, the commercial flooring showroom has a comprehensive selection of samples and literature to help specifiers get inspiration or the items they need for up and coming projects.
08:30 - 16:30 Monday to Friday
Albert House, Albert Street,Hollinwood,Oldham,OL8 3QP
Tel: 0161 684 4366Email: firstname.lastname@example.com: www.nwdesigncentre.com


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[1793] Common Markers (Cytokeratins 5/6&7, p63, TTF1, Vimentin) on Small Biopsies of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Effectively Parallel Profiling and Eventual Diagnoses of Surgical Specimens.
Giuseppe Pelosi, Mauro Papotti, Giulio Rossi, Angelica Sonzogni. National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy; San Luigi Hospital and University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy; European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
Background: More detailed typing of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) upon small biopsy specimens is increasingly required, albeit demanding with morphology alone. Little, however, is known about the likelihood of immunohistochemistry (IHC)-assessed small biopsies to effectively parallel profiling and hence eventual diagnoses of surgical specimens.
Design: Sixty-three preoperative biopsies and corresponding surgical specimens from 30 consecutive squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 22 adenocarcinomas (AD), two adenosquamous carcinomas (ADSCC), eight pleomorphic carcinomas (PLC) and one yolk sac tumor were jointly evaluated semiquantitatively for cytokeratin 5/6 and 7, p63, TTF1 and vimentin immunoreactivity. Surgical specimens were the gold standard for morphology and IHC.
Results: Unsupervised clustering of surgical specimens and biopsies showed a nonrandom and overlapping distribution of the relevant markers, which closely correlated with each other and the diverse tumor categories, as confirmed by mosaic plot analysis. There were no differences in AUC-ROC curves for each marker between any two samples, with the exception of p63 that paralleled more effectively squamous cell carcinoma on biopsy than surgical specimen. 59/63 (94%) lesions were correctly classified by IHC on biopsy compared to 53/63 (84%) by revised morphology, with predictive positive value of diagnostic accuracy of 97% for SCC, 88% for AD, and 100% for PLC and ADSCC. Yolk sac tumor and three PLC, however, failed any diagnostic recognition.
Conclusions: Diverse cell differentiation lineages of NSCLC may be consistently detected by IHC in small biopsies, making the eventual typing of tumors effective in most cases.
Category: Pulmonary
Tuesday, March 1, 2011 1:00 PM
Poster Session IV # 282, Tuesday Afternoon


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The Sentiments & Declarations Series continued on Thursday, Oct. 23, with a discussion, "Hearing The Voice of The Subaltern. Mayotte Capecia's 'I Am a Martinican Woman,'" by Assistant Professor of French and Francophone Studies Marie-Hélène Koffi-Tessio. In 1948 Paris, a young woman from the French Caribbean published the story of her life, received a prize for it and became an instant celebr... More >>
Catherine Gallouët, dean of William Smith College and professor of French and Francophone Studies, recently participated in the 2014 Northeastern American Society of Eighteenth-Century Studies (NEASECS) conference held recently at Syracuse University. The theme was "Commemoration, Memory, Posterity." Gallouët delivered the paper "Integrating the French 18th century in Today's Liberal Arts Classro... More >>
A design by Morgan Clifford '08 was recently worn by actress Bailey Noble of HBO'S "True Blood" at a Pre-Emmy party, and was then pictured in Gotham magazine. While most designers strive for - and maybe even expect - to have their designs worn on a red carpet, Clifford says the opportunity "kind of came out of nowhere." That's because Clifford has been taking an indirect route to the runway. Clif... More >>
Catherine Gallouët, dean of William Smith College and professor of French and Francophone Studies, is the recipient of the 2014-15 John Readie & Florence B. Kinghorn Global Fellowship. Established in 1970 and generously endowed by Dr. and Mrs. William Reckmeyer in honor of John Readie and Florence B. Kinghorn, the fellowship honors outstanding faculty at HWS who have exemplified global citize... More >>
Four members of the HWS faculty presented papers at the 40th Annual Conference of the African Literature Association (ALA) this spring. The conference, "Texts Modes and Repertoires of Living In and Beyond the Shadows of Apartheid," featured the work of Professor Emeritus of French and Francophone Studies George Joseph, Assistant Professor of French and Francophone Studies Marie-Helene Koffi-Tessi... More >>


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Our 2011 Automobile of the Year didn't earn a spot on our 2012 All-Stars list, but the Chevy Volt's powertrain is still a massively impressive piece of engineering. The Volt's key trick is a seamless transition between running on electricity and gasoline. The gas/electric drivetrain allows for roughly 35 miles of driving range using electricity stored in a large lithium-ion battery before firing up a small, four-cylinder gas engine for another 300 miles of range. The dual power sources offer all of the incentives of driving an electric vehicle -- charging at home, cheap energy, and the potential for reduced emissions -- while eliminating the inconvenience of limited range and slow charging times that afflict pure electric vehicles.
Like the Nissan Leaf, the Volt is a bit optimistic in predicting electric range, especially when you're driving outside of the city and using the climate system. While the Volt initially promised a range of 34 gas-free miles when I left the office one night, it delivered about two-thirds of that. That's significantly less distance than Chevrolet's original target with the Volt: empowering Americans to make a 40-mile round-trip commute without using a drop gas. That's not a failing of Chevrolet engineering (maybe marketing, though), but a telling sign of the infancy of battery technology. As batteries become more energy dense and programmers learn how to use that energy more efficiently, the Volt's range-extended electric vehicle concept will be even more compelling.
The interior design has grown on me and the ride quality is quite good -- much better than I remember. The radio, navigation, and climate controls, which prioritize an unconvincing futuristic look over functionality, are still the Volt's biggest shortcoming. For a car packing a revolutionary, unproven powertrain, you'd be right to interpret that as a twisted kind of praise.
Eric Tingwall, Associate Editor
The Volt is quite impressive in just how normal of a car it is, given the advanced technology that hides beneath the sheetmetal. However, I was surprised at how coarse sounding and noisy the "range extender" (gas-powered engine) is once the electric battery is depleted. Blame goes to the transmission that - because of its infinite amount of ratios - keeps the engine running a high revs when under load on the highway; the Cruze uses the same engine but doesn't sound nearly as bad thanks to its six-speed transmissions. Noisy engine aside, I was impressed that I was able to do all 40-plus-miles worth of errands without having the gas engine kick in at all and, most importantly, without any kind of range anxiety.
Donny Nordlicht, Associate Web Editor
I would honestly consider plunking down money to buy a Chevrolet Volt. It drives and feels just like any other car, yet allows for near-silent motoring on battery power. The entire experience is very cool. Even though I couldn't plug in to recharge at my apartment, I managed to drive about 80 miles over the weekend -- once the battery pack's charge was depleted, I simply continued on gasoline power.
Donny gripes about the range extender's noise, but I think it's a non-issue. While the 1.4-liter engine is a bit noisy at times, it never transmits any untoward vibration to the cabin, and it's no louder than the gasoline engine in hybrids like the Toyota Prius. Moreover, the range extender is essentially a backup function rather than a primary power source. Most Volt owners will run almost exclusively on electrical propulsion, and might only hear the engine during a Thanksgiving road trip to grandma's house.
A more pressing concern is the large plastic air dam that hangs only about an inch above the road surface. It's easy to scrape the plastic piece on steep driveways or speed bumps, but I am more concerned about how it will affect the car in winter. My expectation is that, like the low front lip on my SVT Focus, the plastic dam will act as a big snow plow and make it a pain to drive the Volt through more than two or three inches of snow.
Jake Holmes, Associate Web Editor
Chevrolet was the first with a mass-produced plug-in hybrid in North America, but Toyota's 2012 Prius PHEV is finally set to join the fray. The Toyota may undercut the Volt's MSRP by several thousand dollars, but I'd still pick the Volt for one simple reason: it's far easier to drive in electric mode.
Toyota's system doesn't promise as much EV range as the Chevy, as it claims to offer up to 15 miles of battery-powered driving before utilizing the car's standard gas-electric hybrid driveline. The problem is the Prius PHEV requires a feather-light touch on the gas pedal. Trying to accelerate in a moderate fashion will usually bring the engine online; trying to stay in EV mode while accelerating will likely annoy drivers behind you.
With a fully charged battery, there's no such drama in the Volt. Response to throttle pedal input is brisk, acceleration is peppy, and the car generally responds and performs like any conventional compact car. The exception, of course, is that its electric operation is eerily quiet and smooth. The 1.4-liter I-4 does make a bit of noise when serving as a generator, but is largely isolated from the driveline. And it doesn't suffer the shudders exhibited by other hybrids when switching between drivetrain modes.
Barring the likes of the Ford Model T, there has never been a single vehicle that manages to encompass or address the needs of the majority of drivers across the country. It's hard to say if the Volt is ideal for you - but with a 28-mile drive to and from work, access to chargers both at work and at home, the Volt could certainly work for me. So too could a Nissan Leaf, as I discovered this past summer - but at prices in the mid-$30,000 to low-$40,000 range, a new EV/ EREV would have to be my only car. Until rapid-cycle charging networks blossom across the country, the Volt is the only electric vehicle that could function as my sole means of transport.
Evan McCausland, Associate Web Editor
I had huge anxiety when the keys to this car were placed on my desk. I did not even know how to unplug it from the wall in our garage. The Volt though was more like an apple product than I thought, very intuitive to use. I think I had more issues trying to wrap the cold electric cable back up on the wall than doing anything with the car. It was surprisingly enjoyable to drive. I'm sad I only got to experience it for the commute home and back. I liked this test model's interior and exterior much better than the grey one we have had on our photo shoots. Well done!
Kelly Murphy, Creative Director
I spent Thanksgiving weekend in the Volt, mostly doing around-town driving, but with a couple of trips to the airport and one to downtown Detroit. The electrical charge quickly expired and I spent most of the weekend solely on gasoline power, since I don't have a high-voltage charger at home like we do at the office. And I have to say that I very much enjoyed the luxury of not having to worry about finding a charging point. The trip computer says that, over about 600 miles of driving done by all the editors since the car arrived in our fleet, we averaged 39 mpg. The center control stack is confusing and I don't care for the tactile qualities of the touch pad at all. I dropped someone at a hockey game and the gap between the rear seatbacks (the Volt's rear seat only fits two people) worked very well for hockey sticks. I launched the Volt with some speed into one of my favorite freeway on-ramps and was reminded that this is no sport sedan, as it understeered in protest, but that's okay because this is a perfectly drivable, usable, everyday car. I appreciate the extra rear window in the hatchback, which aids rear visibility. In our tester, the big decorative overlay panel on the dashboard above the steering wheel was loose in its mounts.
Joe DeMatio, Deputy Editor
The last time I drove a Chevy Volt was about six months ago, so I was looking forward to getting another chance to drive last year's Automobile of the Year. The Volt had been plugged in to the 240V charger all day, and when I climbed behind the wheel, the range indicator showed 29 miles. By the time I had driven the 11 miles home, however, there were only 12 miles left. In fairness to the Volt, it was cold and rainy, and I had both the heat and the seat heaters turned on. By the time my husband and I drove to a restaurant for dinner, the range was down to 2 miles. No problem, as the Volt switched over to the gasoline engine on the way home from the restaurant. The transition was quite seamless - no jerkiness and no huge increase in noise (I was on the freeway, so there was already some road and wind noise, plus the radio, while running under electric power).
The entire time I was driving the Volt it was dark and rainy (did I mention that Ann Arbor has just had the wettest year since records started being kept?), and that served to highlight one of the Volt's weak spots: inadequate headlights. After having driven several German cars recently, I found the Volt's headlamps to be severely underwhelming. Even with the high beams on, visibility just isn't as good as it should be, and at this time of year when it's not uncommon to encounter a deer on the road, it could be a safety issue. Another visibility issue concerns the large blind spot in the rear three-quarter area because of the very thick C-pillars.
Amy Skogstrom, Managing Editor


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Gear Question
i am about 5'10" 155 lb with size 10.5...
i am about 5'10" 155 lb with size 10.5 thirtytwo boots. should I get a wide board and is the 154cm okay for me?
you should be fine with the 154, i think its nice to have the little extra wood under you. but you shouldnt have much/any heal or toe drag.
I rode a 156 (non-wide) and had just a little heal drag but i have 11.5s
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