text:
Article XXV, Colorado Constitution
Colorado Constitution |
Preamble |
Articles |
I • II • III • IV • V • VI • VII • VIII • IX • X • XI • XII • XIII • XIV • XV • XVI • XVII • XVIII • XIX • XX • XXI • XXII • XXIII • XXIV • XXV • XXVI • XXVII • XXVIII • XXIX • Schedule |
Article XXV text
Public Utilities
In addition to the powers now vested in the General Assembly of the State of Colorado, all power to regulate the facilities, service and rates and charges therefore, including facilities and service and rates and charges therefore within home rule cities and home rule towns, of every corporation, individual, or association of individuals, wheresoever situate or operating within the State of Colorado, whether within or without a home rule city or home rule town, as a public utility, as presently or as may hereafter be defined as a public utility by the laws of the State of Colorado, is hereby vested in such agency of the State of Colorado as the General Assembly shall by law designate. Until such time as the General Assembly may otherwise designate, said authority shall be vested in the Public Utilities Commission of the State of Colorado; provided however, nothing herein shall affect the power of municipalities to exercise reasonable police and licensing powers, nor their power to grant franchises; and provided, further, that nothing herein shall be construed to apply to municipally owned utilities.[1] |
- Colorado Issue 1 (1954), which was approved on November 2, 1954
See also
- State constitution
- Constitutional article
- Constitutional amendment
- Constitutional revision
- Constitutional convention
- Amendments
External links
- Lexis Nexis, "Colorado Constitution"
- Constitution of the State of Colorado, as currently amended
- Colorado Experience: Colorado Constitution on Youtube
- List of constitutional amendments since 1912 (timed out)
- Huffington Post, "Colorado Constitution"
Additional reading


text:
SR Instruments offer a full spectrum of design and manufacturing solutions
Explore SR Instruments's comprehensive line of custom waterpark weighing systems.
Read more...
The VioLab "PitchMan" Variable Temperament Electronic Tuner was developed to serve the special needs of professional and amateur early music instrumentalist, ensemble leaders, and organ tuners. The design and special features of the "PitchMan" evolved from my experience as an acoustician..Read more...
As of 12/22/2006 SR Instruments will no longer be manufacturing marine instruments.
We will still offer service and parts for the Mariner line. For further Information please contact us. Read more...
Our core product line of quality ISO certified medical weighing systems and accessories.
Custom systems for applications in medical, veterinary, waterparks, and more.
Our comprehensive line of weighing systems for zoological and veterinary applications.
Replacement parts and accessories for the SR Mariner line of sailboating equipment.
Copyright 2014 SR Instruments, Inc ©

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Cancer is water, cardinal and negative sign.
Ruled by the Moon, it's symbol is the Crab.
The Libra is an Air, cardinal and positive sign.
Ruled by Venus it's symbol is the Scales.
Male Cancer-Libra female is a three star relationship and male Libra-Cancer female is a two star relationship.
These two are an interesting, if somewhat difficult combination.
I am tempted to say that water and air become frothy but I think that is a little to frivolous. This is a serious relationship that needs to be worked at but as the intent of this site is to find good love relationships, I do not really believe relationships ought to be worked at. They should simply flow and mingle together naturally.
According to the Christian-Judean work ethic, you need to work at something and therefore it is very worthy and worthwhile. However, I take my cue from the Chinese side of things where they are very pragmatic. For instance, if the snake and the pig don't get on, don't put them together !
But obviously relationships can work, given the intelligence, experience and age of the individuals concerned. Both individuals need to become less active and more passive. That is, instead of actively trying to make themselves understood they should really try and listen, absorb and understand.
The Libran is essentially logical instead of intuitive and whilst inordinately tolerant it will take the Libran a long time to really get through the tough Crabs shell. Conversely, it will take the Libran a long time to really understand why the Crab crawls sideways and he is not willing or able to confront situations head on.
There is a fundamental difference between these two. The Libran is essentially outward looking and the Cancer is essentially inward looking. This difference manifests itself in their health. The Crabs tending to hypochondriac's and the Libran, with their love of parties, tend to self inflicted over-indulgence.
Money is another area of possible conflict for these two. The Crab needs financial and emotional security whilst these are not so important to the Libran. So really for this relationship to work the Cancer needs lots of money.
Despite Cancer's tendency towards hypochondria, they are in fact very, very tough. Physically, emotionally and mentally. The Libran on the other hand because of the constant balancing act that is going on inside them they wear themselves out. Cancer will tend to prolong their illnesses because they're prone not to let go and this is where Libra can reason with them and gently pry their crab claws apart and release them from their ales. However if the Libran is stressed for a long period of time it can exhaust them they can become emotionally distraught and unbalanced. They can become the very thing that they are seeking to avoid.
It is important to get the air water mixture right. Be careful not criticise a crab at all and when talking to a Libran make sure you give both sides of the analysis. Only giving one side will drive them crazy. In essence the Libran pursuit of balance and fairness allows the crab to contribute much more and come out of their shell.
Watch my video on YouTube at:


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Today in Performance Sneaker History: Michael Jordan Sets Series Scoring Record in Air Jordan 3
Starting in 2003, the First Round of the NBA Playoffs switched from a best-of-five to a best-of-seven format. Due to the change in structure, Michael Jordan's performance in the 1988 First Round stands as a record that will never be broken. Squared against the Cleveland Cavs, His Airness scored a total of 226 throughout the five game series, which wrapped up on May 8, 1988. And that wasn't the only record set during the series: Jordan was also the first player to score 50+ points in back-to-back playoff games. The following year, Jordan would once again make history against the Cavs as he hit "The Shot" over Craig Ehlo.
During the '88 Playoffs, Jordan wore the "Fire Red" makeup of the Air Jordan 3. This groundbreaking model was the first Air Jordan shoe to feature visible Air cushioning and marked the debut of the iconic Jumpman logo. If you're looking to get your hands on the Retro "Fire Red" colorway, they'll be releasing on August 3. Check back with Sneaker Report for more details on the upcoming drop.
RELATED: Today in Performance Sneaker History: Michael Jordan Sets Playoff Record in the Air Jordan 3
RELATED: The 10 Best Performances in the Air Jordan III


text: This week, Walt Disney World will be testing metal detectors at the entrance to all theme parks after the parks have been cleared. If tests are successful, Disney is expected to install the metal detectors at each park entrance. It is unknown whether the devices would be rolled out to other Disney parks in the U.S. or abroad. Apparently, the screenings would be conducted at random on guests selected as they entered. It has not been disclosed what would happen to guests setting off the detectors, though they could be searched or checked using a hand-held wand.


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see disclaimer
school recycling setupworkplace recycling setuphome recycling setup
ALSO SEErecycling in nycnyc recycling law
School Recycling Setup
NYC DOE Chancellor's Regulations on Recycling and Waste Reduction (pdf) Schools are required by NYC law to recycle. The NYC Dept of Education Chancellor's Regulations A-850 detailing how public schools are to implement recycling were first issued soon after recycling became mandatory in NYC, and are periodically updated to describe DOE's current operational and reporting requirements for schools.
NYC DOE Sustainability Initiative The NYC Department of Education's Division of School Facilities devotes a section of their website to the NYC DOE Sustainability Initiative describing energy management, recycling, and waste prevention mandates and initiatives.
NYC DOE School Recycling and Waste Reduction Plan template (doc) Sustainability Coordinators and their principals should consult with representatives from all sectors of the school, including food services and custodial staff, and wherever possible, parents and students, in developing and implementing the school recycling and waste reduction plan.
UFT Green Schools Committee Started by teachers interesting in establishing sustainable practices in their schools, the UFT Green Schools Committee offers periodic workshops on a variety of issues including composting, school gardens, energy efficiency, reducing styrofoam lunchtray use, sustainable school food, green roofs, and environmental education; and a listserv for sharing information and upcoming events.
ALSO SEE:golden apple awards: super recyclersrecycling in schoolsinfo for schools
back to top | back to recycling helpful links | back to links for teachers & kids | back to helpful links
Workplace Recycling Setup
How to Implement an Office Recycling Program Midpoint International, Inc , a Canadian manufacturer of recycling containers made from recycled materials, has an online guide explaining How to Implement Office Recycling Programs and helpful Recycling Slogans, Catch-Phrases & Facts .
Recycling In the Workplace The American Forest and Paper Association's website www.paperrecycles.org offers a guide to starting an office recycling program (pdf). You can create and print out their personalized recycling sign or poster , tailored to your own workplace paper recycling program.
Waste Prevention and Recycling at the Office The State of California includes this quick guide for waste-conscious businesses on their webpage.
ALSO SEE:recycling in nycget rid of stuff
back to top | back to recycling helpful links | back to helpful links
Home Recycling Setup
Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) NRDC NYC's webpage on NYC's Residential Recycling Program includes information and helpful tips.
ALSO SEE:what and how to recycleinfo for residentsinfo for apartment building managers


text:
CampusFrance Hong Kong
Located at the Consulate General of France in Hong Kong, the CampusFrance Hong Kong, in charged by Mr. Louis CHEUNG, offers a range of services (for free) to help prepare for studying in France.
Local branch of the CampusFrance in Hong Kong assists the Consulate General in promoting French Higher Education in Hong Kong and in Macau. It provides a presentation of the French higher education system and practical information about studies in France for local institutions.
You may also visit our CampusFrance blog in yahoo where you can find the comments from our representative or news about CampusFrance.
In this website, you can find:
- our grants provided to students
- all practical information on studying in France
- our current activities and news
25/F, Tower II, Admirality Centre,
18, Harcourt Road, Central, Hong Kong
Tel: + 852 3752 9974 (We strongly advise you to contact us through email)
Fax: + 852 3752 9908
MTR Station: Admirality (Exit A)
Email: email@example.com


text:
Received by NILL: Circa 1999
Blackfeet Tribal Law and Order Code
Section 1. Jurisdiction. (See Clarification
of this Section in Preface).
The Blackfeet
Tribal Court shall have jurisdiction over all offenses enumerated in
Chapter 5, when committed by an Indian (person) as defined by this Section
, within the Blackfeet Indian Reservation. With respect to any of the
offenses enumerated in Chapter 5, over which federal or state courts
may have lawful jurisdiction, the jurisdiction of the Court shall be
concurrent and not exclusive. It shall be the duty of said Court to
order delivery to the proper authorities of the State or Federal Government
or of any other tribe or reservation for prosecution, any offender,
there to be dealt with according to law or regulations authorized by
law, where such authorities consent to exercise jurisdiction lawfully
vested in them over the said offender. The Blackfeet Tribal Court is
a court of "limited jurisdiction". This means that the Court
can handle certain types of cases, but cannot handle other types. In
order to know whether the Court can handle any particular criminal cases,
it is necessary first to know where the offense took place, who
is said to have committed the offense, and what offense is charged.
The Blackfeet Tribal Court has jurisdiction over matters arising on
land within the exterior boundaries of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation.
In addition to trust lands belonging to the Tribe or to individual Indians,
this includes fee patented lands, townsites, roads and other right-of-ways,
and tracts reserved for school, agency or other governmental purposes.
Who: The Blackfeet Tribal Court has jurisdiction
aver all persons of Indian descent who are members of the Blackfeet
Tribe of Montana and over all other American Indians unless its authority
is restricted by an Order of the Secretary of the Interior. The Court
does not have jurisdiction over non-Indians or over Indians from Canada.
An Indian subject to the jurisdiction of the Blackfeet Tribal Court,
including members of the Blackfeet Tribe, who also is employed in the
Bureau of Indian Affairs, has a right to appeal from any sentence of
the Court to the Secretary of the Interior, and the sentence if so appealed,
does not become effective until approved by the Secretary.
What Crimes: The Federal Courts have jurisdiction over the so called "ten major crimes"; murder, manslaughter, rape, incest, assault with Intent to kill, assault with a dangerous weapon, arson, burglary, robbery, larceny, and carnal knowledge; and the Federal offenses, such as counterfeiting, mail fraud, etc. As a practical matter, the Federal authorities sometimes turn over to Tribal authorities cases of aggravated assault or petty larceny.
The Blackfeet Tribal Court has exclusive jurisdiction over all crimes set forth in Chapter 5 of the Blackfeet Law and Order Code, which are fitted by an Indian, as defined above, against another Indian within the Blackfeet Reservation. These crimes nay not be tried in any court other than the Tribal Court. The Blackfeet Tribal Court has concurrent jurisdiction over all offenses within the Blackfeet Reservation, other than the ten major crimes, committed by an Indian against a non-Indian or an Indian from Canada. What "concurrent" means, very simply, is that the Federal Court and the Tribal Court both have power to try an offense by an Indian against a non-Indian. Specifically, if the Federal authorities consent to take such a case prior to conviction in the Tribal Court, the Tribal Judge, must deliver the accused to the Government for prosecution and all proceedings in the Tribal Court then stop. If the accused already has been punished in the Tribal Court on the other hand, the Federal authorities are prohibited form prosecuting him again.
A non-Indian who commits an offense against an Indian within the boundaries of the Blackfeet Reservation is punishable in Federal Court in accord with either the general laws of the United States or State Law, depending upon the circumstances. A non-Indian who car, its a crime against another non-Indian is, of course, punishable in State Court. A member of the Blackfeet Tribe who commits a crime of any nature outside the Reservation is subject to the law of the jurisdiction in which the offense occurs.
Section 2. Appointment of Judges.
The Court shall consist of one or more judges, one of whom shall
be designated as Chief Judge, and the others as Associate Judges. Each
Judge shall be appointed by the Tribal Business Council and Law and
Order Committee with the approval of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
Their salary may be fixed and paid by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs
or by the Tribe. Each Judge shall hold office for an indefinite period
of time, unless sooner removed for cause or by reason of the abolition
of said office. In the latter case, he shall be eligible for reappointment.
A person shall be eligible to appointment as judge of the Court only if he: (1) is a member of the Blackfeet Tribe; and (2) has never been convicted of a felony, or within one year then past, of a misdemeanor. The age limit of judges shall not be less than twenty-one (21) years of age. He must also have a high school education, and preferable be a commercial law student at the time of the original appointment.
Section 3. Removal of Judges.
After notice and hearing, any judge of the Court may be suspended, dismissed or removed by the Law and Order Committee and Tribal Business Council, with the approval of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
Section 4. Court Procedure.
The trial of cases shall be conducted by the Chief Judge, or by such
Associate Judge, as the Chief Judge, shall designate. The time and place
for the trial of cases shall be designated by the Chief Judge.
Rules of Court prepared by the Chief Judge and approved by the Tribal Business Council may be promulgated to govern the procedures and appearances by parties and attorneys before the Court.
Trial procedures involving the introduction of evidence shall be governed by the following procedures.
- Real
or Physical evidence: Real or demonstrative evidence is that proof
which can be brought into court and exhibited to the court and jury,
such as the instruments and devices used in the commission of crime,
and the exhibition of the person as well as objects; the use of photographs,
moving pictures, and X-rays, and the conducting of experiments and
tests either in or out of Court. It is always proper, when a fact
in issue may be explained by producing an article or object to which
the testimony relates, to bring such articles or objects into Court
and exhibit them.
- Oral
testimony of witnesses: Testimony is the evidence of a living
witness given under oath at a trial. The general rule with reference
to the admissibility of oral testimony of witnesses is that their
testimony should be limited to facts of which they have personal knowledge
or are personally cognizant, gives in open Court.
All persons who have organs of sense, can perceive, can make known to others their perceptions, and can be witnesses. They must be able to receive and impart TRUE impressions.
The trier of facts, whether the Court or the jury, is the exclusive Judge of the credibility of a witness may be attacked or impeached by the opposition because of any of the following:-
The manner in which a witness testifies.
The character or type of testimony being given by the witness.
The reputation of the witness. Proof may be shown by the opposition
of a criminal record of the witness, or of other evidence of unreliability
of the witness.
The witness, shows, that he has personal motive or prejudice in
The witness gives contradictory evidence.
Persons who are insane may not be witnesses. However, a witness who is judged sound of mind at the time of the trial may testify. Children who appear incapable of receiving or imparting true facts may not be called as witnesses. It is the duty of the Judge to decide if the child is competent. Husband and wife are not competent to testify against each other except by mutual agreement, or in cases of criminal assault of one by the other, and in cases of non-support and desertion.
There is no set number of witnesses who may appear in any trial, except, per jury cases, when there are at least two.
The same witness may not be called by both the defendant and the plaintiff, unless he is called by the opposite side as "an adverse witness". Facts useful to the opposition may be obtained by cross-examination of a witness. If the rule of exclusion of witnesses is invoked, persons called to testify.
The manner in which a witness testifies.
- Privileged
Communications: Public policy prohibits disclosures of information
received by one party holding a confidential relationship to another
party unless the other party consents. These include:
- Legal
representative and client.
Doctor and patient.
Clergymen and penitent.
Husband and wife.
- Legal
representative and client.
- Judicial
Knowledge: This is evidence of facts of general and common knowledge,
which persons of ordinary intelligence are presumed to know. Such
facts need not be proved. Courts will take judicial notice of:
The statutes and ordinances of the United States, the Tribe and
the State.
- The
boundaries and other geographical features of the State and Reservation.
- The
situation of the respective counties.
- The
names of the courts.
- The
county seat of the county.
The court's own records on the case.
- The
calendar subdivision of the year.
The system of standard time.
- When
the sun rises and sets.
- The
changes of the moon.
- That
alcohol, whiskey, wine, brandy, rum, gin, beer, and ale are intoxicating
The statutes and ordinances of the United States, the Tribe and
the State.
- Presumption:
In the Law the Courts infer facts exist or do not exist following
proof of other facts. There are two types of presumptive evidence:
Everyone is conclusively presumed to know the law; ignorance
of the law is no excuse.
Children under a certain age conclusively presumed to be incapable
of committing a crime.
Every person charged with a crime is presumed innocent until
the contrary is proved by competent evidence beyond a reasonable
Everyone is conclusively presumed to know the law; ignorance
of the law is no excuse.
Presumptions of Fact such as:
Presumption of death after unaccounted absence of seven (7)
Presumption that a posted letter has reached its destination.
Presumption of legitimacy of children.
Presumption of validity of a marriage.
Presumption of good character, chastity, etc.
Presumption of sanity.
Presumption that an officer properly performs his tasks.
Presumption that one intends the natural consequences of his
Presumption of death after unaccounted absence of seven (7)
In the Law the Courts infer facts exist or do not exist following
proof of other facts. There are two types of presumptive evidence:
- Documentary
Records, writing, all kinds of documents are generally divided into two principal classes.
Private writings include contracts, deeds, receipted bills, releases,
family records and Bibles, letters and telegrams, maps, plates,
and survey, mortality tables of a business company, photographs,
Public writings include public or official records and reports,
reports of public administrative officers, official statistical
tables, acts of the legislature, judicial records, etc.
Private writings include contracts, deeds, receipted bills, releases,
family records and Bibles, letters and telegrams, maps, plates,
and survey, mortality tables of a business company, photographs,
- Best
and Secondary Evidence
In presenting documentary evidence, it is an elementary principle of law that the best evidence, such as the original of all documents, must always be produced in proof of every disputed fact. Secondary evidence, or copies and Photostats of documents, is never admissible unless the primary evidence is unavailable, where it is shown that the original has been lost or destroyed, is beyond the jurisdiction of the court, or is in the hands of the opposite party, who, on due notice, fails to produce it.
- Opinion
It is well established that when it is not possible or practicable to place before the jury all of the primary facts and circumstances in such a way as to enable the jury to form an intelligent conclusion from the facts, witnesses who have had the means of personal observation may state their opinions, conclusions, and impressions formed from such facts and observations as come under their observation.
Matters of color, weight, sizes quantity, light and darkness.
Matters involving taste, smell and touch.
Matters of visibility and sound.
Estimates of a person's age.
Implications as to a person's race, nationality, or language.
The state of motion exhibited by a person.
The apparent physical condition of a person.
Identification of a person by his voice.
Intoxication of a person.
Footprint resemblance as disclosed by tracks left at scene.
The speed of trains, motor vehicles, etc.
The value of property and services.
- The authenticity of another's handwriting.
Matters of color, weight, sizes quantity, light and darkness.
- Tests
of Admissibility:
Objections may be raised in court as to the relevance, materiality and competency of evidence.
Relevancy, evidence is relevant if it relates to the subject,
when it touches upon the issues which the parties have mass by
their pleadings so as to assist in getting at the truth of acts
disputed. Evidentiary matters considered relevant are those bearing
Motive for a crime.
Ability of the defendant to commit a crime.
Opportunity to commit a crime.
Threats of expressions of ill-will by the excused.
Means of committing the offense and the articles connected.
Conduct and declarations of accused at time of arrest or flight.
Concealment of identity.
Fabrication and destruction of evidence.
Escape and attempted escape.
Possession of property, or sudden possession of money.
Confessions and surrounding circumstances.
Preparations for the Commission of crime.
Presence near scene of crime.
Offers of bribes.
- Materiality:
Evidence must affect a fact or issues significantly in order for
the Court to permit its introduction. It must have probative force
of value. The Court uses its sound discretion as to whether the
evidence is of consequence. Evidence is immaterial if it is too
remote in time, or too conjectural or too uncertain in its nature.
- Competency:
This generally considers the qualifications of the witness to
produce the particular evidence. Evidence may be both relevant
and material. But the particular witness may not be qualified
to testify to the facts. Affidavits are not considered competent
evidence because the affidavit.
Relevancy, evidence is relevant if it relates to the subject,
when it touches upon the issues which the parties have mass by
their pleadings so as to assist in getting at the truth of acts
disputed. Evidentiary matters considered relevant are those bearing
- Evidence
of Other Offenses: The general rule is that in a prosecution for
a particular crime, evidence which in any manner shows or tends to
show that the accused has committed another crime of the same sort,
is irrelevant, and admissible, except:
Where the crimes are inseparably connected so that the proof of
one necessarily involves proving the other.
Where the nature of the crime is such that guilty knowledge must
be proved, in which case evidence is admissible to prove that
at another time and place not too remote the accused committed
or attempted to commit a crime similar to that charge.
Where the commission of a crime is proved, in which case evidence
to identify the accused as the person who committed it is not
to be excluded solely because it proves to tend to prove that
he was guilty of another or independent crime.
Evidence of other crimes similar to that charged becomes relevant
and admissible when it shows or tends to show a particular criminal
intent which is necessary to constitute the crime charged.
When malice is an element in the crime charged, in which case
evidence of another similar act by the accused against the sane
plaintiff is admissible to show malice.
Evidence to show the motive promoting the commission of the crime,
notwithstanding that it also shows the commission by the accused
or another crime of similar or a dissimilar character.
Where the crime charged is part of a plan or system of criminal
action, in which case evidence of other crimes near to it in time
and of similar character is relevant and admissible to show the
knowledge and intent of the accused and that the act charged was
not the result of accident advertance.
Where the offense is charged is a continuing one, in which case
evidence of other acts than that charged is admissible, to explain
or to corroborate the evidence showing the act charged.
Where the crimes are inseparably connected so that the proof of
one necessarily involves proving the other.
- The
Hearsay Rule: The term"hearsay" in evidence includes
or signifies everything not founded upon the personal knowledge of
the witness. Hearsay is NOT admissible in court except for the type
of evidence listed below as exceptions to the rule. Reasons for this
general rule on hearsay are:
- The
possibility of error is great where information is relayed from
one person to another before it is given in court.
The defendant has the right to be confronted by his accuser in
The jury and/or the judge are entitled to see and observe the
witness to help them in determining the truth of the statements
made by the witness.
The defense and the prosecution both have the right to cross-examine
the witness who made the original statement. They cannot do this
when the information is relayed by another.
- The
possibility of error is great where information is relayed from
one person to another before it is given in court.
- Exceptions
to Inadmissibility of Hearsay: No relayed statement of a person
not present, including writings and actions, may be received in evidence
to provide the truth or falsity of the matter asserted unless it falls
within one of the following exceptions to the hearsay rule.
- Confession
- which is a voluntary admission against interest made by a defendant
in a criminal case. It is a voluntary statement or admission by
an accused person that he or she committed the offense, or assisted
in its commission.
- Judicial
Confession - which includes all statements or formal pleas
of guilty made upon arraignment at a preliminary or during the
course of other judicial proceedings in the trial court.
- Tacit
Confession - A person can incriminate himself not only by
his statement, but by his remaining silent when accused. The accusation
must be oral and made in the presence of the defendant and understood
by him and must not be made by one in authority. In court, the
accusation must be presented in its entirety and in the identical
language used and must describe the actions of the defendant who
remained silent when accused. Conversation which was conducted
in the presence of the defendant nay be used a tacit confession,
if notes were taken reproducing the conversation and showing the
actions of the defendant who remained silent.
- Admissions
- In the law of evidence, admissions or statements made by a party,
or someone identified with him in legal interest, of the existence
of a fact against his own interest and relevant to the cause of
his adversary are admissible in evidence in the trial.
- Dying
Declaration - This is a statement concerning the cause of
death made by a person who at the time of statement knew he was
dying and felt that death was imminent and inescapable. In order
to be valid in evidence, a dying declaration must meet these tests:
The Declarant must be dying at time of statement.
He must show that he is dying.
He must have given up all hope of recovery.
The Declarant has died at time of hearing.
The declaration is being used at a criminal homicide.
The Declarant must be dying at time of statement.
Res Gestae - This legal term refers to spontaneous acts or words, instinctive reactions, usually made in a situation of forethought or deliberated design. Observations and notes made on such evidence by the offers are admissible in court if the acts or words relate to the main event and explain or characterize that event. It shall be the duty of the judges of the court to make recommendations to the Tribal Business Council for the enactment of amendment of such Rules of Court in the interests of improved judicial procedure.
- Confession
- which is a voluntary admission against interest made by a defendant
in a criminal case. It is a voluntary statement or admission by
an accused person that he or she committed the offense, or assisted
in its commission.
Section 5. Appellate Proceedings:
(Repealed by Ordinance No. 46, adopted December 13, 1974, by the Blackfeet
Tribal Business Council. See Chapter 11 of this Code for Appellate proceedings
of the Blackfeet Court System).
Section 6. Juries.
In any case where, upon preliminary hearing by the Court, a substantial
question of fact is raised, the defendant may demand a jury trial. A
list of eligible jurors shall be prepared by the Tribal Business Council
each year.
In any case, a jury shall consist of six (6) residents selected from the list of eligible jurors by the Judge.
The judge shall instruct the jury in the law governing the case and the jury shall bring a verdict for the complainant or the defendant. The Judge shall render judgment in accordance with the verdict and existing law. If the jury is unable to reach a unanimous verdict, verdict may be rendered by a majority vote.
Each juror who serves upon a jury shall be entitled to a fee of Five Dollars ($5.00) a day for each day his services are required in Court.
All male and female Blackfeet residents of the Reservation between the ages of 21 to 65, inclusive, shall be eligible for jury service.
Section 7. Witnesses.
The several judges of the Court shall have the power to issue a subpoena
for the attendance of witnesses whether on their own nation or on a
request of the Police Commissioner or Superintendent or either parties
of the case, which subpoena shall bear the signature of the judge issuing
it. A limit of five (5) paid witnesses for each side is hereby established.
Each witness answering such subpoena shall be entitled to a fee of Two
Dollars Fifty Cents ($2.50) a day for each day his services are required
in Court. Failure to obey such subpoena shall be deemed an offense as
provided in Chapter 5, Section 33 of these Ordinances. Service of such
subpoena shall be by a regularly acting member of the Indian Police
or by an Indian appointed by the Court for that purpose.
Witnesses who testify voluntarily shall be paid their reasonable expenses by the party calling them.
Section 8. Professional Attorneys.
Unless otherwise directed by Congress or this Code, professional attorneys
shall not appear in any proceeding before the Court unless Rules of
Court have been adopted as set forth in Section 4 of this Chapter, prescribing
conditions governing their admission and practice before the Court.
The defendant may be represented by lay counsel, who is a member of
the Blackfeet Tribe. (See Rule 10, Chapter 9, for update).
Section 9. Clerks.
The Law and Order Committee may detail a clerk to act as Clerk of Court.
The Clerk of the Court shall render assistance to the Court, to the
police force of the Reservation, and to individual members of the Tribe
in drafting complaints, subpoenas, warrants, and commitments and any
other documents incidental to the lawful functions of the Court. It
shall be the further duty of said Clerk to administer oaths of witnesses
and jurymen to collect fines paid and to pay out all fees authorized
by these ordinances and to make an accounting therefore to the Treasurer
of the Blackfeet Indian Tribe and to the accounting thereof to the Treasurer
of the Blackfeet Indian Tribe, and to the Tribal Business Council. Clerks
of Court are to be bonded for not less than One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00)
by the Tribal Council and Law and Order Committee.
Section 10. Records.
The Court shall be required to keep, for inspection by duly qualified
officials, a record of all proceedings of the Court, which record shall
reflect the title of the case, the names of the parties, the substances
of the complaint, the names and addresses of all witnesses, the date
of hearing or trial, by whom conducted, the findings of the Court or
jury, and the judgment, together with any other facts or circumstances
deemed of importance to the case.
Section 11. Complaints to be Sworn.
No complaint filed in the Court shall be valid unless it shall bear
the signature of the complainant or complaining witness, witnessed by
a duly authorized judge of the Court or by an authorized representative.
Section 12. Warrants to Apprehend.
The Chief Judge of the Court shall have the authority to issue Warrants
to Apprehend and shall have the power to delegate this authority to
Associate Judge, said warrant to issue in the discretion of the Court
only after a written complaint shall have been filed, bearing the signature
of the complaining witness. Service of such warrants shall be made by
a duly qualified member of the Indian Police or other police officers
of the Blackfeet Tribe or of the United States Indian Service. No Warrant
to Apprehend shall be valid unless it shall bear the signature of a
duly qualified Judge of the Court.
Section 13. Arrest.
No member of the Indian Police shall arrest any person for any offense
defined by these regulations or Federal Law, except when such offense
shall occur in the presence of the arresting officer or he shall have
reasonable evidence that the person arrested has committed an offense
or the officer shall have a warrant commanding him to apprehend such
Section 14. Search Warrants.
The Judges of the Court shall have authority to issue warrants for search
and seizure of the premises and property of any person under the jurisdiction
of said Court. However, not warrant of Search and seizure shall be issued
except upon a duly signed and written application by the officer requesting
the search warrant, setting out the following under oath:
- The
reason for requesting the warrant. The Judge shall insist that the
officer set forth facts to establish probable cause for issuing of
the warrant. (Mere believe is not enough).
- A description
of the property and things to be searched for.
- A description of the property and place to be searched. The place to be searched must be described so that a normal person can find the place. If the officer making application does not have sufficient basis to make the above statement on his own knowledge, he should be permitted to produce witnesses who can make a statement that will substantiate his application. The issuing judge has the responsibility to refuse the issuance of a search warrant if he deems complaint insufficient, or the reasons unwarranted. The warrant must be directed to the officer and served by him. It must be served in the daytime unless sufficient reason is given why it cannot be. If the Judge grants permission to serve the warrant at night, he must so specify in the warrant.
The warrant
must be served in ten (10) days.
After the officer completes service of the warrant a return must be
made to the Judge. The return will show whether any property was seized,
and a list of seized property must be included with the return.
Section 15. Commitments.
No person shall be detained, jailed or imprisoned under those ordinances
for a longer period than forty-eight (48) hours, unless there is issued
a commitment bearing the signature of a duly qualified Judge of the
Court. There shall be issued, for each person held for trial, a Temporary
Commitment on the form prescribed in this Code.
Section 16. Bail or Bond.
Every person charged with an offense by the Court will be admitted to
bail. The bail shall be by cash and the maximum amount of bail shall
not exceed Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00). In exceptional cases and
at the discretion of the Court, the person charged may be released on
his own recognizance. (This Section amended February 5, 1971, by the
Blackfeet Tribal Business Council, Resolution No. 92-70).
Section 17. Definition of Signature.
The term "signature" as used in these regulations
shall be defined as the written signature, official seal, or the witness,
thumbprint or mark of any individual.
Section 18. Relation with the Court.
The Court May request employees of the Indian Health Service, particularly
those who are engaged in social services, health and educational work,
to assist in the preparation of the facts in any case and in the proper
treatment of individual offenders.
NOTE: Any conflict between this Chapter and Chapter 9 of this Code on Rules of Procedure shall be resolved in favor of Chapter 9.


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Those planning to vote No in the upcoming TransLink sales tax plebiscite have a variety of reasons for coming to that decision. On the right, groups like the Fraser Institute and the Canadian Taxpayers...
There are a number of novelty consumables that consistently reappear in the marketplace during the days leading up to March 17th. These will most undoubtedly include items such as green tinted beverages like beer and milkshakes for example.
Although this may be an amusing way to recognize St. Patrick, the Patron Saint of Ireland, a culinary adventure of Irish cuisine would be more nostalgic.
There are a number of traditional Irish dishes that one can prepare to make the dinner table a celebratory venue in recognition of St. Patrick's Day.
Potatoes continue to be a staple in Irish cuisine but there are many dishes, with or without potatoes, which capture the essence of their time-honored meals.
Dublin Coddle is a recipe that first comes to mind when thinking about Irish food. It is a dish that consists of pan-frying sausages, bacon, onions and garlic before placing them on potatoes slices in a casserole dish and baking together with some broth and seasonings. The seasonings can be as simple as using some dried sage with salt and pepper.
Colcannon is a very traditional vegetarian dish consisting of a mashed combination of potatoes with cabbage. The potatoes are cooked and mashed while the cabbage is pan-fried with butter and onions before being combined with the mashed potatoes with some milk or cream and seasoned to taste.
Soda bread is a common accompaniment to many meals. It is a simple quick bread that rises with the chemical combination reaction of buttermilk with baking soda. There are many varieties of this recipe and my favourite includes the addition of wheat germ.
The classic shape of this bread is round with the surface scored with a knife four times in a star-shaped pattern.
Lamb and beef stews are also very popular as one-dish meals in Ireland. Many also can include the addition of Guinness beer - a delicious black stout from Dublin.
A classic sweet with a cup of tea would be Irish tea brack. It is similar to a fruit cake but made without butter or margarine, and has no candied fruit.
Raisins and lemon rind usually grace this heavy cake along with Irish whiskey, and warm spices such as cinnamon, nutmeg and allspice.
This is just a small sample of traditional Irish fare.
The Internet and the local library will prove to be valuable resources to elaborate on these ideas and make this St. Patrick's Day a mealtime celebration.
Slow cookers – possibly the only devices designed to save you time by doing things more slowly – have been around since 1971, but it seems...


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Election Results Sadden All Three Michigan Candidates
November 10, 2011 by TMO · Leave a Comment
By Adil James, TMO
Farmington–November 9–Yesterday's election tallies are in and unfortunately the three local Muslim candidates all lost their elections.
The three were Ahmar Iqbal, running for the Ann Arbor School Board, Amin Hashmi, running for the Troy City Council, and Abdul Latif Muhiuddin, running for the Plymouth-Canton School Board.
The three Muslim candidates were in widely divergent districts, with sparse voter turnout in an election which had no national or statewide elections–an election which determined the face of Michigan's local politics but did not affect the exciting higher levels.
The minimal voter turnout meant that Burton's Paula Zelenko would secure her seat as mayor in a hotly contested race with a well-known city councilman–and she would do so winning only 2,500 votes. The mayor of Burton earns approximately $70,000 annually.
The same race saw a Flint mayor who won an election with only 9,000 votes. The salary of the Flint mayor is about $91,000.
Iqbal won about 3,500 votes, earning fifth place out of six. Muhiuddin won about 2,900 votes, placing 10th out of 15. Amin Hashmi won about 1,400 votes, placing last in his election bid.
Iqbal wrote a very gracious concession letter which expressed his belief that 3,000 voters had chosen him "on merit," because he only shook hands with 500 voters and he won 3,500 votes.
Iqbal expressed that he had learned many lessons through the campaign, and had learned strategies, local politics, and about his own identity, and other important measurements of his own strength as required for a political campaign.
"The best is yet to come for all of us," said Mr. Iqbal.
"Again, thank you for standing by me and I look forward to growing our relationship especially for important community causes."
Amin Hashmi Runs for Troy City Council
October 6, 2011 by TMO · Leave a Comment
By Adil James, TMO
One of the many community members running for local, state and federal positions in this cycle of elections is Mr. Amin Hashmi, who is running for Troy City Council.
Hashmi has lived around the world, east and west, and further has travelled the world in his capacity as a merchant marine engineer.
"I have drunk all seven oceans," Hashmi says with some satisfaction, further explaining that while living ship-board he had drunk desalinated water from literally around the world.
Hashmi is unaffiliated as a candidate, offering to bridge the divide between Republicans and Democrats that has paralyzed all levels of American government in the polarized climate of the past few years–from the federal level all the way down to the Troy City Council, which has been immobilized by a vicious debate over raising taxes.
Hashmi explains that he does not want to raise taxes until the last minute, but if it is necessary to avoid cutting necessary fire and security services then raising taxes would be a valid if unappetizing alternative.
Hashmi is one of two unaffiliated candidates, running against three Democrats and three Republicans. The eight candidates are running for three spots on the city council; no incumbents are in the election.
The candidate is realistic about his chances but explains the difficulty of making estimates in an election where there are no polls. Certainly Mr. Hashmi is familiar with the demographics of Troy. He explains that Troy has about 85,000 residents, from whom about 12,000 votes will likely be cast in the November 8th election. Realistically he hopes that with 4,000 to 6,000 votes a candidate would be able to secure one of the available seats.
This is not Hashmi's first brush with public service. He explained in an interview with TMO that over the past ten years he has worked to cross ethnic hurdles in Troy by facilitating events designed to celebrate the ethnic heritages represented there, from Greek to Indian, to Pakistani and others.
Troy, he explains, is a relatively very powerful city. The city is among Michigan's top three cities, and nationally is one of the top 20 or 30 cities, according to him.
Having been educated literally around the world, Hashmi ascribes deep importance to education and has fought very hard on behalf recently of a millage to fund the Troy city library.
Visit aminhasmi.com for more information about his campaign.


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Wildlife Marshals is a full service wildlife removal and trapping service provider. We will relocate anything from boars, mice and rats, raccoons, squirrels, bats and boars, and more! Not only do we trap and remove the pesky critters, but we locate and determine out how they got in to begin with. A service that we also provide is fixing the entry areas to prevent any animals from coming back in and doing further damage to your home or business.
Rats and mice can carry diseases and potentially deadly viruses like the Hanta Virus infection. Did you know that in 7 days a single rat can produce hundreds of fecal pellets? And they can reproduce at an alarming rate, often having litters of 8-12 every 30 days! What if they eat thru your AC duct work and leave their dropping behind? Now you have your AC blowing potentially contaminated air throughout your home. Talk to our experts today and get answers to your questions! We are available 24 hours a day.


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Alabama Property Division FAQsThis is about property division in divorce in Alabama, including the general rule for Alabama property division, what effect the length of marriage and conduct of the parties has on property division after divorce in Alabama, how separate property works in Alabama, and treatment of the marital home and retirement plans in divorce in Alabama.
What's the general rule of property division (equitable distribution, community property, or legal title)?Alabama is an equitable distribution state. This means that the division of property and debts between the divorcing parties should be fair and equitable, but not necessarily equal. There is no fixed standard to divide property, each case will be decided on its facts, and the trial court's discretion will not be disturbed on appeal without a showing of clear abuse.The division of property must be graduated according to the particular facts and circumstances of each case. The court may divide jointly owned property according to the equities of the case. It may award property to one spouse that was owned during the marriage by the other spouse, it may award property to one spouse even that was owned during the marriage by the other spouse's corporation, and it may order property sold to bring about an equitable division of property. What effect does the conduct of the parties have on property division?Misconduct matters. The court's discretion extends to a ruling awarding the wife a little less than half of the husband's estate, considering evidence that the husband had engaged in misconduct. It also extends to a decision to give the wife virtually all the marital estate, in view of the short length of the marriage (3 ½ years), evidence that the wife had contributed the property, and evidence that the husband had abused her. It does not extend, however, to an award of about 30 percent of the marital estate to the wife, given her status as a homemaker during most of a lengthy marriage, given that the marital residence was built on land she inherited, and given that significant funds invested in the marital residence came from the sale of other land she had inherited.Misconduct probably matters less than most people expect it does. Remember that the facts that seem so shocking to you may not be shocking at all to the judge, because he or she has already heard about this sort of thing several times this week. What effect does the length of the marriage have on property division?Generally, property division involving a short-term marriage is relatively straightforward. When few or no joint assets have been accumulated, the tendency is to "unwind" the marriage. This means giving back to the husband and wife what each of them brought to the marriage, both assets and debts, and dividing up in some fair way the assets and debts the parties Giving back to, that is, to return the parties to the financial position in which they arrived at the marriage. The more the parties have "co-mingled" their assets, however, the more difficult this "unwinding" may become.In distributing property after a longer term marriage, the judge's tendency will typically be to begin with something like a 50/50 division of the marital estate. They'll depart from that 50/50 standard, though, sometimes fairly dramatically, depending on their judgment about what is equitable under the circumstances. Is there such a thing as separate property? What does it take?Generally, separate property acquired before the marriage or by gift or inheritance during the marriage may be excluded from the marital estate if neither the property nor its income has been used for the common benefit of the parties during their marriage.So where a wife exercises exclusive dominion and control over property and excludes the husband from any role with it, and where the husband derived no benefit from the property by virtue of the marital relationship, the property is considered the wife's separate estate. However, where the parties regularly use property acquired before marriage for the common benefit of the parties, it is available for consideration in dividing property. Any special rules for the marital home?It is in dealing with the marital home that courts often fall back on the principle that they are to devise an equitable distribution, not necessary an equal one. Courts can get creative in dealing with the family home. For example, the wife may be awarded the "use and possession" of the home for a period of time, or for her life. Or she may be given the right to stay in the home until she remarries or until all the children reached the age of majority, whichever happens first.How do retirement plans get divided?
Other Issues in Alabama: |


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CrossingPoints is a transition program on The University of Alabama campus. CrossingPoints is a collaboration between UA and the Tuscaloosa City and County School Systems. This site provides information on our students, staff, how to volunteer or how to become one of CrossingPoints jobsites, along with other information relevant to our program.
CrossingPoints is a partnership between The University of Alabama's Department of Special Education & Multiple Abilities in the College of Education and the Tuscaloosa City and County School Systems. The purpose of CrossingPoints is to provide transition services for students with disabilities ages 18-21. Students participating in CrossingPoints receive hands on instruction in vocational/employment aspects of transition during their job placement and specially selected or assigned job sites at The University of Alabama. The students spend up to 4 hours a day 4 days a week in real job settings, while receiving instruction in employment related skills and some functional academics related to independent living skills. The CrossingPoints Transition model helps employers better understand the realities and advantages of hiring people with disabilities.


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Hi, Mousemedic, what part of Alabama are you located in? And. more importantly- Alabama or Auburn? kidding, welcome to the DWT boards, hope you enjoy your time here.
Whats up guys? My name is John from Alabama. I love this web site! Some may say that I'm too old for Disney, but I believe you will never out grow the magic disney has. I'm proud to say I have visited uncle Walts place 11 times, with the first visit during a high school band trip in 1984. My family has a tradition of visiting WDW every christmas, and even though it is one of the most crowded times, we still enjoy it. Next trip is this Dec. and we can hardly contain ourselves!
Hi, Mousemedic, what part of Alabama are you located in? And. more importantly- Alabama or Auburn? kidding, welcome to the DWT boards, hope you enjoy your time here.
P.U.S.H.-A mantra MOST will not understand.
Disney rocks, Walt was a genius.
Welcome to the "Happy Zone"
Welcome John (mousemedic), I hope you have a great time here!
Keep it cool, and keep moving forward!
Trips to Walt Disney World
1995: Port Orleans French Quarter - 2000: All-Star Music
2008: Caribbean Beach - 2009: Pop Century
NEXT TRIP: Sep/Oct 2011 - WDW's 40th Anniversary!
Hey there, mousemedic John! Welcome to DWT! So happy you enjoy the forums. Oh, BTW, one is never too old for Disney! See you around the forums!
~Jerry & Nancy~
Sept. 3 - Sunrise WEDDING Vow Renewal then Drive to WDW
Sept. 4-16, 2011 - WDW HONEYMOON:
Sept 4-9 - Pop Century
Sept. 10-16 - Caribbean Beach
Welcome to the neighborhood!
mini-V What will you celebrate?
Adult daycare for the kid inside you.
Hello! Welcome to the boards!
Hi John!
DWT is home to 27,000+ members!
We hope you enjoy it here, John! Enjoy your trip! We usually go around Christmas and we hope to go again this year.
Adam ~ A Proud D23 Charter Member!
Welcome, I just came back from visiting family in Huntsville & Gurley AL. Had a really nice time. This is a great place to come & talk Disney, hope you enjoy it
Many as a kid (1986-1998)Aug 1998- Port OrleansMarch 2003- Jr Band Trip (offsite)Aug 2003- Port OrleansJan 12-Aug 5, 2005- CP (CS)Jan 1-5, 2006- AS Sports (solo)May 24, 2006-Jan 5, 2007- CP (CS)Jan 31-Feb 3, 2007- offsite (solo)March 1-3, 2007- Dad+ Me (offsite)May 16-Aug 10, 2007- CP (CS) Aug 10-12, 2007- GF/P&PMay 21- Aug 15, 2008- CP (PC)Aug 15-18, 2008- AKL!!Mar 25-29, 2009 (offsite)Aug 10, 2009-Jan 2, 2010- CP (CS)Jan 3-May 14, 2010- CP (CS)Feb 12-16, 2012: DCL DreamOct 20-27, 2012: DCL Fantasy (Eastern)Sept 8-12, 2013: DCL Dream Jan 20-24, 2014: DCL Magic
CP #1: 1/12/05-8/5/05: MK merchandise and parades
CP #2: 5/24/06 to 1/5/07: character attendant!!
CP #3: 5/16/07-8/10/07: Epcot WS Custodial/seasonal CA
CP #4: 5/21/08-7/5/08: Casey's (QSFB); 7/6/08-8/15/08: character attendant
CP #5: 8/10/09-1/2/10: Toy Story Mania attractions
CP #6: 1/3/10-5/14/10: Great Movie Ride attractions
Montclair State Campus Rep- Fall 2007, Spring 2008, Fall 2008, Spring 2009
Sorry to repeat what someone has already said, but you are NEVER too old for Disney. I keep trying to get my Mom to understand that.
Welcome John!!
"If somebody could show me just a bit of kindness, a friendly 'hello' or even a smile..."
'72 Off-site; '98 Off-site; 08 AKV; 09 BCV or BV
Welcome to the happiest boards on the web!
Welcome to the boards!!!
Lord High Keeper of the Knowledge of Right and Wrong, Counselor in Moments of Temptation, and Guide along the Straight and Narrow Path and Oldest Active DWT/WDW Radio Member
DL: 1955* (1); WDW: 1977* (2), 1980* (2), 1985* (3), 1989* (3), 1996 (ASMu-3), 1999 (ASMo-3), 2000 (ASMu-2/PO-2), 2001 (ASMu-5), 2002 (ASMu-5), 2003 (ASMo-5), 2004* (8), 2004 (ASMo-8), 2005 (PC-10), 2006* (15), 2007* (20), 2008* (22), 2009* (26), 2010* (27), 2011* (32), 2012* (39), 2013* (36), 2013* (15), 2013* (9), 2013* (13), 2014* (40) 2014* (20) 2015* (3) Total Trips/Days = 28/380
*Off Property


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AKR realizes how important human resources to the performance of the company. Therefore management always attempts to find, develop and place the best people according to their skill and talents. AKR is not only offering positions that suit employees' skills, but also offers attractive career path guidance.
AKR cultivates a culture of integrity, commitment, team work, trust and respect, value creation through innovation and operational excellence, and continuous learning in its employees. Historically, employees who have dedicated their time for the company receive opportunities to take additional responsibilities which are more suited to their individual skills. Employees with excellent performance have a better chance of securing new positions with responsibilities exceeding the previous ones. The company also facilitates training programs for employees who wish to develop their skills.
PT AKR Corporindo Tbk does not charge fee at any stages of recruitment process.
Any requests for such payment should be refused and informed to PT AKR Corporindo Tbk.


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I'm a university admissions guy with a passion for student affairs by trade; a Mets fan and baseball card collector by passion; a rock star and music critic in my mind; and a husband and father of a wonderful family. Plus I lost on Jeopardy! last year, which was actually pretty sweet.
Veronica Belmont - about.me user since 2010
"First, customize your page. It's easy and fun to design!"
Hi! I'm currently living in (City), where I work at (Work Place) doing (Job Title). When I'm not working I like to (Hobby), (Interest) and (Passion). Connect with me!
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Speaker impedance
Name: quillen Status: N/A Age: N/A Location: N/A Country: N/A Date: Around 1993
How does one measure the impedance of speakers? I want to attach a set of them to my existing system, but want to be sure that the impedance matches. Also, is there any way to adjust the impedance on speakers to match the required impedance on the stereo? Ex. like adding a resister.
This is not a clear cut answer. This will give you the short answer, and if you are interested (and even if you are not) I will write in later the more complex answers. First of all, the impedance will not match -- - and its not that important. The NOMINAL impedance of a speaker is just that -- nominal. It will change in each room setting, in each enclosure, even with the relative humidity. Unless you have an old tube-type amplifier, and the voice coils on your new speakers have one turn (very unlikely), then you can generally not worry about it. However, to be safe, measure the DC resistance across the terminals. If it is greater than about 4 Ohms, you should not have a problem with even the most touchy amplifier or receiver. Impedance of a speaker will change with frequency. The better the speaker (generally) the less the nominal impedance will change in any given situation. In some experiments way back in high school (and I do mean way back), I could get the impedance of a speaker to change by a factor of 2 by simply positioning it in different spots in the room. Actually, I found that the system changed response most dramatically by a change in the speaker wire. For that reason, I spend almost as much on good wire as I do for most of the other components (outside of amplifiers and speakers). Changing the impedance of a speaker (or more accurately its DC resistance) opens up a whole other can of worms. There are devices produced and marketed at most high-end stereo stores to do just that with a minimum of impact on the overall performance of the speaker. While you can design and build your own, the math behind it is not pleasant, and you will have to know an awful lot about the speakers.
Click here to return to the Engineering Archives
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, Andrew Skipor, Ph.D., Head of Educational Programs.
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Update: June 2012


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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
As you select categories, the number of matching recipes will update.
Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
Italian is my favorite, but my husband is partial to American. I love "theme" cooking like Corn Beef and Cabbage with Irish Coffee Pudding on St Patrick's or Polenta and Tiramasu on Colombus Day.


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Fire Leaves Decades-Old South Williamsburg Grocery 'Decimated'
By Meredith Hoffman on May 7, 2013 11:39am |
WILLIAMSBURG — A fire that broke out early Tuesday morning destroyed a decades-old family grocery store and damaged apartments above the shop, officials and neighbors said.
The blaze, which erupted in the Villa Tapia Grocery Corp at 6:51 a.m., took more than one hour to calm, said FDNY officials, who arrived on the scene at 367 S. 4th St. within a few minutes of the outbreak. The cause is still under investigation, FDNY said.
No injuries were reported and witnesses said the grocery was closed at the time of the incident, but upstairs residents and next-door neighbors were all evacuated from their homes and the first-floor shop appeared "decimated," neighbors said.
A resident who lives across the street from the store said the disturbing early-morning scene jolted her from her slumber just before 7 a.m.
"I was woken up...by a really loud noise, and I looked out the window and saw there were flames coming out window," said the neighbor Sarah Rubinstein, 31. "The deli wasn't yet open, and the metal gate down. The firefighters were trying to cut gate open."
Rubinstein then saw upstairs residents pouring out of their residences and brought shoes and clothes out to "people standing in their underwear out on the street," she said, noting that the two adjoining buildingswere also temporarily evacuated.
"It looks like the units above the deli aren't going to be able to return for a while," she said.
But the worst destruction was at the Villa Tapia Grocery, where the 23-year-old son of the owner told Rubinstein his family had worked for decades but was not sure if they could return due to damage.
"The deli is totally decimated," she said.


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Delivered in 3 days! Wow
By CDgal63
from Jersey Shore
About Me Avid Do-It-Yourselfer
Comments about Hoover WindTunnel Bagged Upright Vacuum:
Hoover is the easiest product to use. We like the bag and they are easy to find....This company was amazing with how quickly they had the product to us.Will definitely use them again!
Comment on this review
Great Bang for the Buck
By Fly Fisher 77
from Wheeling, IL
This vacuum cleaner does a great job for the money. It cleans floors well and the accessory attachments all work great.
Great Hoover dependability
By Clean house
from Beeville, TX
I've used Hoover for many years. My previous one lasted more than 20. I switched to a "bag less" and did not like it at all. Searched for another Hoover and found this one online. It's very good. Call me old fashioned, but I like the dirt bag. Dirty bag out and in the garbage and replace with a new one. No cleaning filters or sticking my hand up the tube to pull out lint.Not sure why Hoover would change the hose length. The new one does not reach to the back of furniture to clean. Also, the upholstery tool is overkill. I have no pet hair to clean up. A less dramatic tool work much faster.The beater bar and suction are still the best way to get sand out of carpet fibers. I can use the Hoover on my house carpet and floors as well as the indoor out door carpet on the porch. The on-off switch is where it should be on the handle and the Hi-low pedal on the base of the vacuum. Give me a longer hose and it would be as good as my old one from the 70's. Perhaps a better bargain would be to offer a choice of attachments.All in all I would always recommend a Hoover to anyone who enjoys keeping their home clean.
For the price, a very good vacuum.
By Joe
from Chicago, IL
About Me Casual Do-It-Yourselfer
Very good product. The accessories are very useful and easy to use. A little noisy, but it is a vacuum cleaner. Does not leave the room with a bad smell probably because it uses a good bag (with a HEPA filter)
(0 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Well, It Sucks
By the sucker
from Park Ridge, Il.
Good product. Good price. Clear air when using it. Light and easy. Well balanced. Scares the cat, anyway! The bag, like a bank loan: if you need it you won't get it. If you have a very clean house (I don't & you don't either.) The red light comes on faster than the Mustang Ranch out West! Better, though than bagless=no mess. Pretty quiet for a machine drawing 12 Amps. Hoover not the best on repairs, but replacing a belt, bag, or filter doesn't require a rocket scientist--so, thumbs UP.
Doing The Job...."So Far, So Good"...!!!
By alamedaDad
from Alameda, CA
Lite to use throughout a 2-story home, with 2 daughters with very long hair, everywhere...no complaints, they can vacuum, anywhere, anytime, themselves...!!!
Quick and easy
By Ahmo
from Walden NY
About Me Homeowner
Delivery was fast - product matched description.It's lightweight and efficient - I especially like the stairs attachment for carpets.
Hoover regains it's magic!
By The Mage 1127
from Swampscott,Mass
Follow me
Not hard to put together.Mine came with Hepa filter.Duel settings help(hardwood and carpets)
Hoover WindTunnel Upright Vacuum
By Lady Red
from Henrietta, NY
Pet hair on the carpet is tough to pick up. This does a fairly good job compared to last vacuums purchased
pretty happy
By Momma Koko
from Denver, Co
About Me Frequent User
I have been very happy with this vacuum for the most part. My only complaints would be the short hose for the accessories and the bag indicator doesn't seem to work. I have used it several times now and love the brush on/off switch for going from carpet to my tile floors. It also seems to have very good suction so far. I have had to change the bag twice now and the indicator has never turned red so I don't believe it works, but that doesn't bother me mush as long as I remember to check the bag myself.
Fill out the form below to request Better Price for this product.


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The US Vogue The Emperor's New Clothes editorial displays a series of Samurai-esque motifs. Model Carolyn Murphy was the primary focus of the series, taking on the Asian apparel and props with the help of stylist Camilla Nickerson.
Nickerson worked with robes, thin sandals, an assortment of socks and striped skirts in The Emperor's New Clothes. These chic fashion elements were mixed in with the work of hair expert James Pecis. Pecis opted for a crop blonde wig, certainly a far cry from darker Asian looks.
Taking in the multitude of poses executed by Murphy was photographer Mario Testino. Testino relayed a series of bright colors throughout, apparent in the pops of red and blue that stood out before gardens and cramped city streets.


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Researchers at Vanderbilt University have created a "thinking cap" that electrically stimulates the brain to increase its ability to learn from mistakes.
It's not the end of Uber's notorious surge pricing model, but the on-demand car service agrees to stop charging excessive rates during natural disasters and emergencies.
Don't let forgetfulness dry you out. Vittel unveils a cap with a built-in timer and warning flag to remind you to sip.
Executive VP for the cable giant predicts move to a usage-based billing model, with a data cap of maybe 500GB.
An upcoming short film called Construct finds new ways to use the current CG animation technology to produce mind-blowing results.
As Facebook, Google, Microsoft, and other tech giants lobby the government for more high-skilled worker visas, immigration officials say they've received too many applications for this coming year.
With the XTab extension, tab addicts can set a limit for the number of tabs they can have open at any one time.
Cornell researchers studying "cereal box psychology" say the tempting gazes of all those sugar-hawking characters are carefully angled right at your tykes.
The leading maker of mobile chips works to quell concerns about its business prospects and new high-end chip after it disclosed this week that a large customer dropped the chip from a major phone.
To celebrate the upcoming Super Bowl, coupon site RetailMeNot is offering up a free Samsung HDTV. Because deflated balls always look better in high definition.


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Muli Helfman. One of the leading creative directors in Israel. Specialized in building brands, and managing brands communications in the unconventional media and the new media. Muli is an ideas surfer who creates brands content, creative marketing, guerilla marketing and viral advertising. Past: VP creative at Publicis Israel. During the years Muli has won numerous awards in Israel and abroad on creative festivals. Clients: advertisers, advertising agencies and interactive agencies. Looking for big ideas to your brand? You have reached the right person.
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In 1979, members of the South West Florida Estate Planning Council created the Sarasota County Community Foundation with one lofty ambition: to make local charitable giving easy, flexible, permanent and effective.
From its original office in a back room of the Florida West Coast Symphony, the Community Foundation has evolved into Sarasota County's trusted relationship-building partner: the powerful engine of effective charitable giving for donors and the professionals who advise them, the nonprofits they support, and the important causes that make a difference in the lives of the people of Southwest Florida.
In 1985, when the foundation's total assets were only $175,000, it made its first grant to establish the area's very first comprehensive human services directory through First Call for Help. That modest directory has since become 2-1-1, an important 24/7 emergency referral service.
Since 1988, when Stewart W. Stearns was hired as the first full-time CEO, the Community Foundation has grown from $300,000 to $160 million in assets and has awarded more than $63 million in grants and scholarships.
That growth was fueled by a commitment to building permanent endowment one donor at a time and forging relationships with hundreds of individuals, corporations and nonprofit agencies based on mutual trust and faith in the Commu-nity Foundation's ability to be a catalyst for a better future.
In 1991, the Community Foundation had just 10 named funds. Today there are more than 600. More than 300 people have joined the Legacy Society with a pledge to make a gift to an important charitable cause in their estate plans. Thanks to a magnanimous gift from past Community Foundation chair Leila Gompertz and the generosity of the board of directors, the old Elks Club property on
In 1994, the Community Foundation received a $250,000 grant from the John M. and James L. Knight Foundation to create a permanent endowment for
Over the past 30 years, the Community Foundation has sparked change and been a catalyst for improvement in many areas of life in our community. Here are just a few key accomplishments:
Aiding families in distress: The Helping Hand Fund for emergency assistance has provided more than $500,000 to needy families. And along with the Herald-Tribune Media Group, the Season of Sharing campaign has raised more than $1.7 million to prevent homelessness for our community's most vulnerable families.
Engaging the community: The Community Foundation spearheaded efforts to create SCOPE and Community Youth Development and has continued to support both generously.
Strengthening families and assisting the elderly: A three-year Connecting Fathers &
Families initiative created with Children First and
Simply in terms of dollars, the Community Foundation story is one of ever-increasing impact. The largest dollar amount in grants recorded prior to its new Grant and Program Services initiative was $6 million a year. In 2007-2008, foundation donors made it possible to give the community more than $10 million.
"In these uncertain economic times, our grantmaking, our nonprofit capacity building services and our board development services are more critical than ever," Stearns says. "Bringing our community together around solutions is vital."
GPS: A bold new direction in grantmaking
How can grantmaking become nimbler, faster and more effective?
Community Foundation leadership has devised a creative new process called Grant and Program Services, or GPS, that replaces the previous six yearly grant
cycles and results in more discretionary or community needs-related grants (which represent about 35 percent of funds) that make a real impact.
Starting in June 2007, five focus teams examined issues within five longstanding interest areas: arts and culture, civic engagement, education, health and human services.
The focus teams held more than 60 meetings with more than 45 nonprofits and local service providers to discern where grants were most needed. Then the focus teams and nonprofits collaborated on solutions. The results have been extraordinary. Here are some highlights of the new GPS grants process. The dollar amounts represent only the first year of a multi-year commitment of support.
Arts and Culture: Awarded $89,000 to the Sarasota County Arts Council for a comprehensive new Web site with a shared cultural calendar for 124 member organizations.
Civic Engagement: Awarded $125,000 to support initiatives at SCOPE (Sarasota County Openly Plans for Excellence), Grassroots Leadership Initiative and CYD's STAR Program.
Education: Awarded $674,380 to Children First, Early Learning Coalition and Sarasota County School Board for a comprehensive and highly collaborative children's literacy initiative for pre-K, elementary and middle school children.
Human Services: Awarded more than $267,000 to the
"Our board of directors believes that the future of community foundations is tied to the fact that all nonprofits have to be more accountable," says Community Foundation president and CEO Stewart Stearns. "With the GPS process, we decided to more deliberately look at the needs in the community and at the data, and to fund projects that would specifically address those needs and help move the data in a more positive direction."
At the same time, by taking grant requests directly to donors and by using donor-advised funds to meet clear-cut charitable needs, the Community Foundation has reduced the amount of time needed to process a grant. One important example: the foundation learned that All Faiths Food Bank needed an additional truck to deliver food to its distribution spots. The Community Foundation called on its donors and had the $90,000 needed for the new vehicle in less than a week.


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Barbecue Inn
Houston, TX, 77018, United States
Eating at the old-style family diner in Houston feels like an Edward Hopper dream with a Deep South spirit on the side. The same soulful bunch of ladies in the back kitchen have been at the Inn for ages, and five days a week they fry yardbirds to order. It's a solid 25-minute wait for the good stuff, but you can trust these cooks. Their single-dip, light-dusting secrets, like passed-down heirloom recipes, make barbecue the last thing locals order in the North Houston landmark. Plates come packed with thick-cut fries, and in the classic, more-meat-is-better leaning, you can order up fried shrimp as a side item. Call it Texas surf and turf.
Open / Closes- Accessible by Public Transportation
- Dinner
- Family-Friendly Dining
- Good for Groups
- Handicapped Accessible
- Lunch
- Monday - Closed
- No Reservations
- Parking Available
- Sunday - Closed
- Take-Out Available
Cuisine Type:: BBQ


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Gail of Boston, writes:
We are looking for a new king mattress. Simply LOVED the Kluft Cashmere Embrace but think $12K is not justifiable unless it is to last 30 years!. Any recommendations for something similar but less pricey?
The Airleooms made by the same company are approx 30% less
but don't want to spend more than $8K.
Hi Gail. Do you have any idea of the kind of profit margins that are in that bed.
"If it's more expensive, it must be better" is the flawed logic of the American comsumer. I can't speak for everything you can buy, but for mattresses that statement is as far from true as you can get.
Please Gail, when you go shopping, don't mention that you want to keep it under $8000. You could give the salesman a heart attack. Remember, these are guys that just sit around all day listening to their arteries hardening.
The most expensive bed we have is the very top of the line Stearns & Foster. It's $5399 for the king set. It's
called the "Golden Elegance"
We will deliver that free to you and without sales tax.


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Tonight while playing the Anduin quest, the Wargs was engaged against me. As per usual, my shadow effect was nill and the little bugger went back to the staging area and I couldn't kill him. Until that point, the staging area was empty and I wasn't going to be able to use Dunhere to attack anyone in the staging area to get his +1. This also left me without any engaged enemies.
My question is, since the Wargs ended up back in the staging area as a result of the negative shadow effect, and Dunhere was not exhausted, can I attack the Wargs at that time with Dunhere? In our game, the Wargs had some damage and we elected to say that he was a fair target since this was still in the combat phase and he was eliminated after Dunhere attacked him.
Just looking for some feedback to see if I did that right. Still pretty new to the game and trying to get all of the ins and outs of various cards down.