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by Fran EdstromOh, those wedding fork bluesWeddings bring out the best in some and the worst in others.
When I was a bride, I was a very grouchy one. John and I nearly
called it off. But we didn't, and he has learned to live with
a grouchy woman, I guess.
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What is the USBC Local Associations Performance Standards program?Starting with the 2014-2015 season, USBC National will be working with local associations on a feedback system based on performance standards. The goal of the program is to create a better guide for associations on how best to serve members and where to focus its efforts. The performance standards are designed to ensure USBC members receive a basic level of service across all associations. Local associations will receive feedback based on objective measurable goals in six categories.
A guide for local associations USBC has developed a guide for local associations that has a detailed explanation of each of the six standards along with the grading system, measurable goals and a how-to/best practices for each standard.
Click here for the guide and should you have any questions, please contact your Regional Manager.
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Mom and Dad have a 16 year old daughter (Jane) that meets a 20 year old boy (Scum) at the mall and starts dating him. Scum seems like a good guy until one of their relatives says something about seeing Scum down at his probation office that he has to attend. Mom gets curious and types in Scums name in the local Casenet website and when it comes back it says that Scum has been convicted of assault, robbery and has a restraining order against him from a previous relationship. Mom and Dad think it is a good time to talk to Scum. Scum comes up with a BS story and says he was young and dumb and basically a lady was out to get him. Mom and Dad give the guy the benefit of the doubt because he seems very likeable. Big Mistake!
About ten years ago Dads father passed away and left him approx. 40 guns (some pistols, some rifles, some shotguns, some antiques) with most of them being hunting style guns or old west style guns. Dad does not have a gun safe so he hides the guns around the house in differing locations. House is approx. 1200 s.f. on two floors. Dad also has his 3 hunting rifles and 2 shotguns in house.
A couple of months pass and Mom and Dad see signs that Scum needs to go because of his attitude towards Jane and the fact that they have been told he is a drug dealer by a LEO. Jane is not happy because she really has started to like Scum. A couple of days later she is told to get rid of him. The very next day the house is robbed and EVERY gun was taken along with his Compound bows, laptop, cameras and jewelry. The neighbor mentions that they see a guy that same day that looks like Scum and the description of his car that was backed up to the house with the garage door open but couldnt be for sure. Dad knows he just lost the guns that mean the most to him so he wants to go kill the guy but is talked out of it (I believe he would have done it). Police come and tell them they think it was an inside job and cannot find any fingerprints other than the families and Scums who has been in the house numerous times. The point of entry was a side door that just happened to be left unlocked. They interview daughter and she was at school. Scums mom vouches for his whereabouts. Dad has none of the serial numbers for the guns that are taken but Police get descriptions in case some start showing up at pawn shops (some were exotic type antiques). One week after this incident Jane is babysitting for some friends of Mom and Dads and late that same night after everyone has gone home the friends car is broken into and a .40 cal Sig Sauer is stolen because the car doors were suspiciously left unlocked (Jane saw gun in car day before).
Mom and Dad get settlement check from the insurance company and decide that it is a good time to move so they move approx. 10 miles away. Dad goes out and buys more guns but ignores advice to buy safe.
Jane decides she has had enough of Mom and Dad and is now 17 and runs away with Scum to live a glorious life. Needless to say 2 months later Scum has had enough and drops Jane off and says he is done with her. Two weeks later a downstairs door is left unlocked and all the new guns, new laptop and $1000 dollars that Mom has hidden in the back of her closet (from purse party) are stolen in the middle of the day. Police come and tell Mom and Dad that it looks very much like an inside job. No fingerprints are found and nothing can be proven. Daughter is interviewed but nothing comes from it. Scums mom vouches for his whereabouts once again.
Mom and Dad get settlement check from different insurance company. Dad goes out and buys two hunting rifles and new laptop. Insurance will only reimburse $500 of the $1000. Dad still does not buy Gun Safe but does keep guns at friends house with safe.
Two months later Christmas comes and Brother gets a new game system and dad gets a new compound bow. Mom gets a Wi and everything is good except two days later they go out of town and get robbed a third time. They get one gun (that Jane knew was in the house) that happened to be in the house since Dad went hunting the weekend before, the brothers game system, and the laptop. They took the Wi with them so it did not get stolen. Police come once again and tell them it is an inside job but do not take fingerprints after Daughter admits that Scum has been in the house in the past week to retrieve a ring of his that she still had. Daughter was interviewed but nothing came from it. Scums mom vouches yet a third time for his whereabouts. Point of entry was a basement window that was in the daughters bedroom. The interesting thing about this is Dad had just put a sheet metal screw in the window the week before that daughter said she removed to smoke and there was a chair conveniently moved under the window that daughter says she moved to take out screw.
Mom and Dad do not get settlement check this time because they let their renters insurance lapse. Dad had told me that he thinks Jane did it but Mom thinks it is a nephew of theirs that has visited them a couple of times. Dad has told Mom that after Jane graduates this year that she has 30 days to get out.
Approx. 10 days after last robbery Scum calls Mom at work and tells her that he is still dating Jane and has never really stopped and even says that pregnancy scare that Daughter had with her most recent boyfriend could have been his and knew a lot of details that made his story very believable. Scum also asks if he can meet with Mom and Dad but after Mom explains to him that the second he steps in the house he is a dead man he decides against it. Jane is approached by Mom about Scums phone call and lies about all of it (I think she is a pathological liar).
So that is my story. I tried to leave out some of the little details because it could have been a couple of pages longer. I swear it is true.


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One Direction singer Harry Styles has insisted that he does not have "a thing" for older ladies.
The young heartthrob, who had a fling with Caroline Flack, who is 15 years his senior, told a Sunday newspaper that he did not deserve his reputation for dating cougars.
He told the Sun on Sunday: "I don't know where the cougar thing came from to be honest.
"I don't know why people got that impression."
Harry also scotched rumours that he is dating Inbetweeners star Emily Atack.
He told the newspaper: "I don't know where anyone got the idea that she's my girlfriend.
"We've only met a couple of times, we're friends."
Styles added: "I didn't even kiss her."
This article is powered by Well Contented Ltd


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Instead of thinking about Hurricane Sandy as a superstorm projected to leave $30 billion in damages in the United States, picture it as a champagne bottle wielding, fiery Boriqua from the Boogie Down Bronx with a fantastic rack. Wearing a killer pair of Christian Louboutin heels, of course.
Did a feeling of instant solace just spread across your spirit? Thought so. Remind me to bill you later.
RELATED: Check out more pictures of Evelyn Lozada
"Attention whoring doesn't stop even in the face of a natural disaster that has left over a million people without power and shut down the entire East Coast," noted Robert Littal of Black Sports Online in a blog entry published in response to the Instagram picture featured below posted by Evelyn Lozada earlier this week.
"Who cares about that when you can Instagram comparing yourself to a deadly hurricane by posting your photos along the path of destruction? I mean what a better nickname to give yourself than 'Hurricane Sandy.' Nice touch as well putting the 'fist' with the Tweet, I thought she wanted to be the face of domestic violence?," Littal writes.
Evelyn Lozada Creates Her Own Shake
"True she did destroy Chad Johnson's career, but I digress. She is right no one is going to stop her from being an idiot. Not surprisingly the photo was deleted, but nothing is ever deleted on online."


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Police are advising women not to place their purses in their shopping carts after two women had their wallets stolen while shopping at Oak Creek grocery stores last week.
According to the Oak Creek police reports:
A man stole a wallet out of an 80-year-old woman's purse while she was shopping at Pick 'n Save, 6462 S. 27th St., about 3 p.m. Jan. 26. The woman told police the man took the wallet out of her open purse after he helped her load a six-pack of water and some Solo cups into her shopping cart.
The man is described as a 6-foot-tall man with light brown skin; short, dark hair and a grayish goatee; and wearing a dark tan jacket. The wallet, worth about $9, contained a driver's license, medical cards, a credit and debit card, a $25 gift certificate and other membership cards.
Police checked with store security but the incident was not captured on video surveillance.
A short while later a woman reported her wallet had been stolen at Woodman's, 8131 S. Howell Ave., between 1:30 and 3 p.m. The wallet, which contained $25, four credit cards, two debit cards, one check card, a driver's license and medical cards, was taken from a shopping cart.
While calling to cancel one of her credit cards at 4:30 p.m. that day, the bank informed the victim that her card was being used at Lowe's in Franklin. An officer followed up with Lowe's, who stated that no one was working in security at that time. Police are following up with store security.
Oak Creek Community Resource Officer Kim Bogadi added that women should consider leaving their purse at home when they shop.
"Before you go shopping, think about the only things you will need - like your debit card, a credit card or some cash," Bogadi said, "then take only those things with you and leave your purse at home."
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Body Sponsored by
Ready for the latest in spa pampering? Prepare to dunk your tootsies in a tank of water and let tiny carp nibble away. Fish pedicures are creating something of a splash in the Washington, D.C. area, where a northern Virginia spa has been offering them for the past four months.
John Ho, who runs the Yvonne Hair and Nails salon with his wife, Yvonne Le, said 5,000 people have taken the plunge so far. "This is a good treatment for everyone who likes to have nice feet," Ho said.
He said he wanted to come up with something unique while finding a replacement for pedicures that use razors to scrape off dead skin. The razors have fallen out of favor with state regulators because of concerns about whether they're sanitary.
Ho was skeptical at first about the fish, which are called garra rufa but are typically known as doctor fish. They were first used in Turkey and have become popular in some Asian countries.
But Ho doubted they would thrive in the warm water needed for a comfortable footbath. And he didn't know if customers would like the idea. "I know people were a little intimidated at first," Ho said. "But I just said, 'Let's give it a shot.'" Customers were quickly hooked.


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Thanks to the few of you who responded to my last blog, written at oh...1 am, a few nights ago. I am feeling better... I've decided that a large part of me being uncomfortable with being gay is due to the fact that:
1)I'm the only "newbie" in the GLB group I hang out with on-campus...they haven't had a support session in about 2 months or so, and
2) all my friends in the dorm/my classes are straight, and they don't know I'm gay. As a result, I'm constantly being reminded about how I'm different every time they talk about the guys the like and whatnot. This is the first time in my life I've really diverged from the "norm"...and I guess I'm just not dealing with it well, especially since it's not really anything I can control.
I'm going on a retreat this next weekend given by campus ministry, and I'm hoping it'll help me out a bit. (One can hope, at least).
Also, I'm wondering if I would actually feel better telling all my friends...I mean, I'm sure I would, most people say they feel quite liberated once they're out...I'm just wondering if it's time for me to come out to people. I could start with my friend whom I practically did come out to...she know's I'm going on the GLB & Friends retreat.
Hmm...I think some deep thinking and perhaps some prayer is called for. Unfortunately, I'm really bad about making myself talk to people even when I know it'll make things better. (It took me about 3 miserable weeks to come out to my RA)
Anyone have any advice on coming out to friends? It's kind of an odd topic to just bring up out of the blue...
I hope things are improving for you. Don't let moments of gossiping about boys make you feel oppressed or powerless. Assert yourself. Talk about a cute girl every time. They'll get the point, believe me.
I also recommend the brief sensitive chat: "I wanted you to know that I'm a lesbian", or what have you. Be aware that if you go over this with a close female friend, they may well think you're attracted to them. Actually, my best friend when I started coming was insulted that I wasn't.
My last casual coming-out was between me and a girl I've taken classes with for several years. She sort of knew, but for whatever reason, I felt the need to assert it at that point.
Friend: Class X with Prof Y was really great today! We talked about the Lacanian interpretation of heterosexual relationships.
Me: Oh yeah? Hey, I know someone, Z, she's in that class with you. Super skinny, wears a lot of pink, kind of...
Friend: Dumb? I know who you're talking about.
Me: Yeah. But she has connections.
Friend: Oh my god, she asked the worst questions!
Me: She's a piece of work. In fact, this summer, she was *obsessed* with the idea that I wanted to fuck her.
Friend: Oh?
Me: Never mind that she's so emaciated she looks like an alien! She thought that since she was a woman, and lesbians fuck women, that I, as a lesbian, automatically wanted to fuck her.
Friend: Like I said. Dumb.
Me: Yeah.
So work it into the conversation, sort of... it worked well here because we were already talking about sex, in a sense, but it's not impossible.
There's always the T-shirt method. Wear a t-shirt that says something like, "I'm not a lesbian but my girlfriend is", or "nobody knows I'm a lesbian", etc etc. This is a very effective way of coming out: everyone on campus who sees you will know. That said, everyone that sees you on campus will know.
I guess that what perhaps needs to resonate here is the following: don't feel rushed. Don't feel like you're running out of time, that you HAVE to do this... let it come out, so to speak, in a natural way. Because it will.
This is just a suggestion, but my favored way to come out is in a massive, painful, and horribly awkward, but somewhat quick and easy way. Just get the ball rolling. I mostly came out through an online message board for my friend's band, or through just blurting out "IM GAY!" to people I met. If you learn to apreiciate the awkwardness, it can be a good way. Plus, it really doesn't matter how you come out, just that you do. Things will return to a blissful state of COMPLETELY out normalcy in under six months. I promise. No worries, and good luck!


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I had checked into this not long ago...I believe that the watermouse boats (that seat 2 people) are about $35 for an hour and that the pontoons are right around $40 (seat 10) for a HALF an hour.
If you are an AP holder you can get 15% off.
Not sure about the horseback riding.....maybe there will be someone else who can help you out with that.
Let me see if I can find the chart that I referred to when checking on prices before....if so I will post the link for you.


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Every Nation Touched, Every Heart Changed.
© 2011 Wyoming Aglow
Left to right;
Elaine Taylor, Amanda Bustos, Sara McDowell, Gwenette Portera and
Angie Martinez
Check the Area Leadership
Team page and learn a little more about these ladies who have stepped up to lead
Aglow in Wyoming
Check us out
We are glad you found us! We invite you to look us over and contact us with questions.
We are a ministry grounded by prayer and evangelism.
If you:
. . . are looking for answers in your life.
. . . . . want to make a positive
difference in your world.
. . . . . are looking for ministry opportunities.
. . . .
. are already enjoying a relationship with Jesus, but want to grow .
We are part of:
~ Jane Hansen Hoyt~,
President Aglow International
The work of Aglow is like the hand of God reaching out to women in a restorative, purposeful way, with the ultimate intention of the Body of Christ being restored to God's original image, plan, and purpose—male and female—walking together in unity and integrity.
Thank you for supporting
Wyoming Aglow!
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2014 Wyoming Area Leadership Team
Doorway in Israel


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Regular Board meetings may be viewed live on the Web. This link is active only during Board meetings when the Board is not in executive session (usually but not always at the beginning of regular Board meetings). If you are having problems viewing the live streaming video while a regular Board meeting is in public session, please contact the Support Desk at 330-972-6888.
*Please Note: The public meeting usually will be called to order at 7:30 or 8 a.m. for the primary purpose of conducting an executive session pursuant to Ohio Revised Code 121.22. Whenever the Board votes to go into an executive session, only members of the Board and such individuals as requested by the Board may remain in the meeting room and participate in the discussions during executive session. Although the length of executive sessions varies, it is anticipated that the open session of meetings the Board or its committees will begin no earlier than 9 a.m.
(Starting times listed below are only estimates and are subject to change. Committees generally will meet sequentially.)
No formal actions will be taken at these committee meetings. Committees and subcommittees of the Board of Trustees are not authorized to act for the Board but, instead, may make recommendations to the Board for action within their respective areas of responsibility. The Board of Trustees may take official action only at regular or special Board meetings, in accord with the Bylaws of the Board. Any meeting may include an executive session.


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Dining Rooms at Barnett Hill
Breakfast and Lunch at Barnett Hill are served in the Dining Room, an elegant dining room that overlooks the venue's impressive front lawn and opens up onto the Patio Terrace and into the Oak Hall.
Dinner is served restaurant-style in the Oak Hall, although Private Dining Options are available.
However, if you are looking to have a private setting for your dining needs, Barnett Hill has a selection of rooms able to accommodate events of various sizes. They are ideal for corporate functions, christmas parties, gala dinners and formal receptions whether you want a gourmet experience with live theatre kitchen displays or simply a finger buffet.
More information: Bars at Barnett Hill
Download: Barnett Hill Celebrations Brochure


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Clobex Lotion
Topically applied CLOBEX® (clobetasol propionate) Lotion, 0.05% can be absorbed in sufficient amount to produce systemic effects. (See PRECAUTIONS).
CLOBEX® (clobetasol propionate) Lotion, 0.05% is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to clobetasol propionate, to other corticosteroids, or to any ingredient in this preparation.
Last reviewed on RxList: 8/30/2012
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.
Next: Drug Description
Clobex Lotion FDA Prescribing Information
Additional Clobex Lotion Information
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
Women's Health
Find out what women really need.


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Book your room at Bel Air Collection Resort And Spa Xpu Ha Riviera Maya
Deluxe Room, Terrace (Zoo Experience)
Max Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 2 infants)Bungalow, Balcony (Zoo experience)
Max Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 2 infants)On private beach with a steam room, near Xpu-ha Beach
When you stay at Bel Air Collection Resort And Spa Xpu Ha Riviera Maya in Xpu-Ha, you'll be near the airport and convenient to Xpu-ha Beach and Ecopark Kantun Chi.
This beach resort is within close proximity of Taj Mahal Cenote and CEDAM Museum.
Make yourself at home in one of the 144 air-conditioned rooms featuring minibars. Rooms have private balconies. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms have jetted bathtubs and designer toiletries.
Head down to the water and enjoy a day at the private beach, or take advantage of other recreational amenities including a health club and an outdoor pool. Additional amenities include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and supervised childcare/activities.
This resort offers both all-inclusive and room-only rates. Meals and beverages at onsite dining establishments are included in all-inclusive rates. Charges may be applied for dining at some restaurants, special dinners and dishes, some beverages, and other amenities.
Grab a bite to eat at the resort's restaurant, where you can take in a garden view, or stay in and take advantage of 24-hour room service. Relax with your favorite drink at a bar/lounge or a poolside bar.
Featured amenities include a business center, a 24-hour front desk, and multilingual staff. Free valet parking is available onsite.
Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!Hotel Amenities
All-Inclusive Details
Guests can book rooms at Bel Air Collection Resort And Spa Xpu Ha Riviera Maya for a rate that is either for the room only or for all-inclusive. All-inclusive rates are higher because they include onsite food and beverages in the room rate (some restrictions may apply).
Gratuities and taxes
Gratuities and taxes are included.
Food and beverages
- All meals, snacks, and beverages included
- In-room minibar (some restrictions)
Activities and facilities/equipment
Water activities
- Kayaking
- Snorkeling
Land activities
- Fitness facilities
Kids' club
- Open from 9 AM until 5 PM
Not included
- Airport transfers
- Childcare
- Laundry/dry cleaning services
- Motorized water sports
- Scuba-diving lessons
- Spa/beauty facilities and services
- Offsite tours
Hotel Amenities
Bel Air Collection Resort And Spa Xpu Ha Riviera Maya offers both all-inclusive room rates and room-only rates. All-inclusive rates include onsite meals and beverages, and may include taxes and gratuities. Additional charges may apply for meals at some restaurants, special dinners and dishes, certain beverages, and other amenities.
Simply step outside to unwind on the resort's beach. After a day at the beach, enjoy amenities at Bel Air Collection Resort And Spa Xpu Ha Riviera Maya like a complimentary children's club, an outdoor pool, and a children's pool.
A complimentary breakfast is offered each morning. The resort offers a restaurant and a snack bar/deli. Guests can unwind with a drink at one of the resort's bars, which include a poolside bar and a bar/lounge. High-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary. This beach resort also offers a health club, a steam room, and a rooftop terrace. Onsite self parking and valet parking are complimentary. A total renovation of this property was completed in September 2010.
Bel Air Collection Resort And Spa Xpu Ha Riviera Maya has designated areas for smoking.
- Outdoor pool
- Children's pool
- Bar/lounge
- ATM/banking
- Concierge services
- Hair salon
- Children's club (free)
- Multilingual staff
- Poolside bar
- Total number of rooms - 144
- 24-hour front desk
- Free breakfast
- Billiards or pool table
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Designated smoking areas
- Luggage storage
- Health club
- Babysitting or childcare
- Elevator/lift
- Number of floors - 2
- Free valet parking
- Rooftop terrace
- Picnic area
- On private beach
- Restaurant
- Beach sun loungers
- Pool sun loungers
- Beach towels
- Free self parking
- Spa services on site
- Steam room
- Business center
- Beach/pool umbrellas
- Free Wi-Fi
- One meeting room
- Garden
- Year Built 1998
- Snack bar/deli
- Number of buildings/towers - 8
- Supervised childcare/activities
- Wedding services
Available in all rooms: Free Wi-Fi
Available in some public areas: Free Wi-Fi
Free self parking, Free valet parking
Room Amenities
- Room service (24 hours)
- Coffee/tea maker
- Air conditioning
- Balcony
- Ceiling fan
- Hair dryer
- Cribs/infant beds available
- Jetted bathtub
- Minibar
- In-room safe
- Phone
- Iron/ironing board
- Designer toiletries
- Climate control
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room massage available
- Cable TV service
- Free Wi-Fi
Where to Eat
A complimentary continental breakfast is served each morning between 6 AM and 8 AM.
Bel Air Collection Resort And Spa Xpu Ha Riviera Maya has a restaurant on site.
24-hour room service is available.
Nearby Things to Do
A private beach, a health club, and complimentary bicycles are featured at the resort. An outdoor pool and a children's pool are on site. Other recreational amenities include a steam room.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Complimentary bicycles on site
- Bicycle rentals on site
- Hiking/biking trails on site
- Kayaking on site
- Playground on site
- Snorkeling on site
Spa Services
- Minimum age to access spa is 3
- Manicures and pedicures
- Body wraps
- Body scrubs
- Aromatherapy treatments
- Hydrotherapy treatments
- Mud bath in spa
- Massages
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
- Accessible bathroom
- Accessible path of travel
- Accessible parking
- In-room accessibility
Hotel Policies
Check-in time ends at midnight
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Minimum check-in age is 18
Check-out time is noon
Payment types
Pets allowed, Only dogs and cats are allowed, Only dogs are allowed, Maximum number of pets per room 2
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
No rollaway/extra beds available
Noise-free rooms not guaranteed
No elevators
We should mention
Reservations are required for massage services and spa treatments. Reservations can be made by contacting the resort prior to arrival, using the contact information on the booking confirmation. Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms. The property allows pets in specific rooms only and has other pet restrictions. Guests can arrange to bring pets by contacting the property directly, using the contact information on the booking confirmation.


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Bacteria in Breast Milk? Yes!
Posted by jlwile on January 4, 2013
The breast milk that a mother feeds her baby is laden with bacteria. Does that sound bad? It shouldn't! While there are some pathogenic bacteria, most bacteria are incredibly beneficial to the life that exists on this planet. That's especially true of bacteria that live in and on people. It turns out that most people live in a relationship with more than 150 different species of bacteria, and the individual bacteria that participate in this relationship far outnumber the human cells that make up a person's body. In one sense, then, a person is not an individual. Instead, he or she is a walking ecosystem!Scientists now call the collection of bacteria that lives in a person's body the microbiome, and as the article linked above indicates, each person seems to have his or her own special mix of bacteria in that microbiome. Indeed, some researchers think that analyzing the DNA of the bacteria a criminal leaves behind can aid in identifying that criminal in cases where his or her own DNA is not available at the crime scene or too degraded to analyze properly.1
So where does an infant start collecting the bacteria that will make up his or her own microbiome? One of the sources is the breast milk that the infant drinks. It has been known for quite some time that breast milk contains bacteria, but the details have not been well studied. However, a group of Spanish researchers have begun to shed some light on those details. They studied the breast milk of 18 mothers who varied in weight, weight gain during pregnancy, and the mode in which the baby was delivered. They sampled the milk these mothers produced at three different times: the first secretions of milk produced after giving birth (called colostrum), the milk that was produced one month after giving birth, and the milk that was produced six months after giving birth. They sequenced the DNA of the bacteria found in these samples of milk, and they came up with some amazing results.2
First, they showed that the diversity of bacteria found in the breast milk was significantly higher than previously thought. In some of the samples they studied, they found the DNA of seven hundred different species of bacteria! However, they found that this mix of bacterial species did not stay constant over time. Instead, the colostrum was rich in intestinal bacteria from generas such as Weissella and Lactococcus, while the milk produced one and six months after delivery had higher concentrations of oral bacteria such as those from the genus Veillonella. The researchers note that it is possible the increase in these oral bacteria is a result of the baby contributing bacteria to the mother's breast, so it is not clear whether this is a designed change to optimize the health of the baby or simply a result of the breastfeeding process.
Second, they found that the mothers who were obese had a significantly lower diversity of bacteria in their milk as compared to the milk of the mothers who were not obese. Now, of course, the number of women in this study is rather small, so it's not clear how significant this comparison is. If further studies demonstrate that this correlation is real, it might indicate that obese mothers are not giving their children an ideal mix of bacteria when they are infants. It's even possible that the lower diversity of bacteria that the infants receive predisposes them to weight gain later in life.
Third, they found that the breast milk produced by mothers who underwent planned Caesarian section deliveries was significantly different from the milk produced by the mothers who went through a vaginal delivery. Like the obese mothers, those who went through planned Caesarian section deliveries produced milk that had a significantly lower diversity of bacterial species. However, if the mother went through an unplanned Caesarian section delivery, the diversity of bacteria in her milk was much more similar to the mothers who went through vaginal deliveries!
Once again, the small number of mothers in the study means we must view this result with some skepticism, but let's suppose the observed differences are confirmed in other studies. How can we explain that the Caesarian section delivery must be planned in order to result in a lower diversity of bacteria in the mother's milk? The authors suggest that hormonal responses which are specific to the labor process play a role in determining the bacterial content of the mother's breast milk. Thus, the key is not necessarily the delivery method, but the way in which the mothers experience the labor process.
Obviously, this small study has opened up a whole new area of research when it comes to infants and their development. As time goes on, I expect that more research will reveal that the mix of bacteria in a mother's breast milk is very important in the healthy development of her baby. As a creationist, this doesn't surprise me at all. I have stated previously that creationists have proposed that microorganisms (and even viruses) were initially created as a link between macroorganisms (like people) and the chemical richness of their surroundings. It's not surprising, then, that babies are introduced to a wide diversity of these useful organisms shortly after they emerge from the womb.
1. Kennedy DM, Stanton J-AL, García JA, Mason C, Rand CJ, et al., "Microbial Analysis of Bite Marks by Sequence Comparison of Streptococcal DNA," PLoS ONE 7(12):e51757 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051757, 2012
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2. Cabrera-Rubio R, Collado MC, Laitinen K, Salminen S, Isolauri E, and Mira A., "The human milk microbiome changes over lactation and is shaped by maternal weight and mode of delivery," American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 96(3):544-51, 2012
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22 Responses to "Bacteria in Breast Milk? Yes!"-
That's amazing! As far as the C-sections go, this is just another example that God's way is the best way.
I just did three weeks of Fearfully and Wonderfully Made in four days. That includes 13 1/2 hours of coloring. I may be a perfectionist.
And after all that, I still want to read your blog. I promise not to punch you should I ever get to meet you in person. I can't answer for my sister, though.
Did I mention I decided to major in biology? I may even stick with this idea for the four years required to complete it! I blame you. Thanks! -
What a wonderfully informative article! God's design is so amazing and elaborate!
Just checking in to say I'm enjoying your posts and to keep them coming! I very much enjoy the comments section, when you respond to people who stand opposed to your position. Alot of times, I feel like I learn just as much from the comments section as the actual articles themselves. I've read mostly all of your posts as well as all the comments as well going back to the start of this blog, but haven't checked all the links in the comments section. There's SOOOO much to learn, but that's what makes science so fun, is it not?
This was really interesting! Now I have to decide whether or not to send this to my older sister who is currently breastfeeding her son – she'll either think it's really cool or be somewhat grossed out by it… Probably the former though
Dr. Wile, this does seem typical of a person who stands opposed to the Christian worldview. Once the break down happens on a scientific level, and their view is clearly shown to be scientifically untenable, they then attack the historicity of the Bible because that is all they have left to hold on to their faith in materialism, and not be accountable to their Creator, a very tough thing to swallow, indeed, for someone who is not actively seeking God. The errors as well as debate tactics of Mia were typical. Introducing a huge amount of topics, instead of focusing on a single issue. I can not say that I am to upset at her because I, myself, have done the same thing on this blog, introducing too many different topics, instead of focusing on a single issue, but I have learned that focusing on a single issue makes arguing your point easier, as well as allowing the person opposing you to see if they can refute your argument. She ranged from the borrowing of the creation account from the Babylonian culture, to the Flood being two separate flood accounts, which you aptly refuted, but she kept on going, claiming she was right, but appealing to authority instead of actually refuting the argument. Of course, citing sources that confirm your oppositions views does not help either, neither does citing sources that have glaring errors in their report. And it most certainly does not help when she claimed errors within Rookers article, but not being able to demonstrate any. It certainly does cast some doubt as to how far she was willing to look into the opposing view. I think that what you said in your last post to Mia pretty much clears it up, "Appeals to Consensus do not advance your case" and, "You must support it with evidence and refute the other side." If she can't support her case with evidence and refute your position, then that is the end of the discussion.
Hey Dr. Wile, I thought this would be right up your alley. http://www.naturalnews.com/038598_vaccines_medical_hoax_government_documents.html Of course, the title seems like typical sensationalist reporting, but I was wondering what your thoughts were on the actual paper from Dr. Tomljenovic. Do you think it has any reliability? How do it's claims stack up against actual statistical evidence? A friend recently posted this online, claiming that vaccines have been "proven" to be a hoax and then subsequently claimed that his fight is against ignorance. Of course, he also thinks that Young earth "Creationism" is an appeal to ignorance as well, which casts immediate doubt in my mind on how much research he has done on vaccines, because he certainly hasn't look to deeply into the Young Earth Position! I was hoping that perhaps you could do a post on this as you have done work in this area before, which included debating Dr. Boyd Haley on the subject of weather Autism is caused by vaccines or not. I know very little about this particular area, but I am immediately skeptical when I hear anything about "Secret" government documents.
Thank you very much for the reply. Like I said, my area of study tends to center strongly on the Creation-Evolution debate, and I have very little knowledge on the area of vaccination, so I tend to not know where to start looking for the information I need to counter any ideas that could potentially be unscientific. My concern is more so, for my friend, and anyone that he may spread this too, who may come to faulty conclusions, and end up NOT vaccinating their kids, which could end very badly. I started reading the paper, but shortly became discouraged because I am not accustomed to the different vaccines, and there was too much information to take in at once. My concern is that these types of websites tend to spread around bad information on important topics, which is a shame.
I came by this quote from a conversation you had with Josiah on how God could not have created with the appearance of age, because that would indicate that he lied. Now I actually agree with you on this matter. God should not deceive us through his creation. But later, you went on to say and I quote, "You are still incorrect on how I view science as well, seemingly because you are refusing to think logically about this. Nowhere in any of this discussion is there even a small HINT that I think science gives us absolute truths. However, science does allow us to read stories in nature, and since God CANNOT lie, He will not tell us stories about things that didn't happen." Now correct me if I'm wrong, but you said that you did not give a hint that you think science is absolute truth, but subsequently went on to claim, "However, science does allow us to read stories in Nature." If that is true however, that would have to be an absolute scientific truth, that science allows us to tell an absolute story from Nature, therefore indicating weather God absolutely did something or not. You thus went on to refute your own argument. My question is, why do you believe Science must tell an absolutely true story? And how would you possibly know that God told a true story through it unless you assumed that Science tells an absolutely true story? I mean this in no mocking way, because I am not quite sure I understand it myself.
Dr Wile, from your link, Popper, "shows quite clearly that while science cannot prove anything, it can falsify ideas that are currently thought to be true." He therefore argues that the test of any real scientific theory is whether or not it can be falsified. If not, then it is not truly a scientific theory." So is it absolutely true that he showed that? If he did not, then how could you know it was true?
This seems to again be a bit of a paradox to me, mind you. So science can absolutely prove something is false. But this would make it absolute scientific truth then, that an idea has been absolutely falsified. You are still in the same sticky conundrum. And he shows that it is absolutely true, that a scientific theory can be falsified. So in plain words, there are scientific truths except for when there are not scientific truths, it sounds like a paradox to me. In other words, if science cannot prove anything, than how can science prove it cannot prove anything? If it cannot, then I am not sure how there is anyway you could know for certain if it can't prove anything, thus defeating the entire purpose of the argument. I am so confused.
But I think your post may have completely missed the point. If science cannot allow us to read an absolutely true story from nature, or may even give an absolutely false picture that we just currently understand to be true, then why should we apply it to whether God absolutely did something or not? I think you will find that you are in more of a sticky conundrum than you currently realize(though I certainly could be wrong as well). In the case of Adam, if science cannot tell an absolutely true story that Adams belly button would have indicated he had a mother, how can you apply it to whether God would have lied or not? Since science is fallible, you cannot have it relate to an aspect, such as what God would or would not do, his infallibility. I am sure you see where this is going, science is fallible, God is infallible. You cannot possibly use science to say what God would or would not do unless science itself has the same infallibility as God. 6000 to 10,000 years ago, unless the same laws of Science applied back to the beginning of creation that apply today, there is no way you can know what God would have or what not have done, unless science has stayed the exact same since the beginning of creation, confirmed by Adam as well as by the distance of the stars. If there is no absolute standard of science, then we cannot in honesty relate it to what a God would have or what not have done, especially during creation, when developmental properties would have worked in a completely different way than ever experienced before, and whether they essentially lied or did not lie about creation.
How can we know that the processes of Science were not different during the creation or during the Miracles or at any point in history unless you assume that they've always been the same?
In other words, how can you believe that science tells a certain story, unless you assume that science is actually capable of telling a story? I believe my objection still stands, and I will ask the same question, Do you or do you not believe that it is absolutely true that science allows us to read stories from Nature? If you do not, then how can you relate it to what God would have or would not have done and thus lied or did not lie about? -
Dr Wile, you still are not getting it. If science can't prove anything, then how can science prove that it can't prove anything? To make a TRUTH claim is worthless if you can't prove the claim is true.
The part about Popper is partly true, and I'll explain. The How and the Why of a question are what Popper is getting at. We can observe that life always come from life, but we can not know why or how unless we look outside of the system of science to God, which is the entire point of why Life coming from non-life is fallacious. In plain words, if a miracle can be excepted as having to be scientifically accurate in its story left, does this not logically apply to the Life only comes from Life data? It would seem if you say it does not, then you are cherry picking.I do wonder if you understand why you can do science to begin with. If there are not absolute laws of science, there is no way we can look back into a history book and determine whether Adam having a belly button would indicate whether or not he had a mother. If there were no laws that were the same back then as now, then there is no logical reason why Adam having a belly button would indicate that it had to come from a mother, the laws COULD have been different back then, so it would be impossible to make any sort of conclusion at all. There is also no way we could predict anything. But that is the entire purpose of science. To prove that, under given circumstances, that something will always behave the exact way. We may not understand why Gravity works, or how, but we do understand, and we can know with certainty, that, under the correct circumstances, two balls, whatever, of unequal weight heavier than the resistance of air will ALWAYS drop at the same rate, without exception, unless acted upon by outside forces, but over the course of 500 years, there has not been one known breaking of this law, outside of the miraculous. Without this, you could not do science at all. If you say that certain principles of Science can't determine truth, then you must say that you cannot determine whether or not God would be lying by giving Adam a belly button, because the story that it would tell would have to be absolutely the same back then as the story it would tell now and it would have to be absolutely true. I think you are trying to have your cake and eat it to. In other words, by necessity, if God cannot lie, then to make a determination from nature, then nature by necessity MUST have the same properties as God. In other words, there MUST(I'm not shouting, I'm just putting emphasis) be some type of absolute scientific laws that do not change over time that would enable us to say that.
If it is possible that all of science could be wrong, then I would have to wonder how you could do science to begin with. If the scientific principles, that tests repeated tomorrow and the day after, given the correct conditions, will give the exact same conclusion, then it would mean that certain scientific principles could not possibly be wrong, because you could not come to the conclusion that science could be wrong, because you couldn't do it in the first place. Again, I am emphasizing the why and the how are different than the actual actions themselves. We know for certain that gravity acts the same on two objects of unequal weight, or we would simply stop doing experiments, and not do science at all. What we cannot know is how or why this happens, because this, I totally agree with you, can be subject to change, because we currently just do not understand or misinterpret the whys and hows.
So again, if science cannot draw absolute conclusions, then how can you come to the absolute conclusion that Adam having a belly button would have indicated that God absolutely would have lied? You have come to that absolute conclusion, whether you think others can or not is irrelevant. You could not know that science would work the exact same back then as now, unless you assume that some laws of science are absolute and fixed since Adam, the creation of the stars, in fact the entire Universe, because your entire argument centers around that the Universe, starting from creation, should tell a true story.
Dr. Wile, I am glad you agree with me on this point, Science cannot prove that it cannot prove anything. So we know for certain that it is absolutely true that science cannot prove that it cannot prove anything. That is an established fact. Now for the question, how is it possible for Science to come to that conclusion without scientifically proving it? It seems like you have personified Science as having the magical powers of truth and you are left in the exact same situation as before. Then you go onto to claim that, "Science has made all kinds of truth claims in the past that ended up being wrong." Clearly you don't understand me, my entire point was Science CANNOT make truth AT ALL, period, then you went on to say that science has made truth claims! Then you CLAIM, "Making a truth claim is not worthless if you can't prove the claim is true." But this is itself a declaritive truth statement and thus self refuting!(Exclamation much deserved) You showed in the first paragraph of your reply that you do not currently understand what I am saying. Your first example serves to illustrate my point, in this case, we the scientists are evaluating Gods claim of creation, we observe and based upon are best available knowledge come to the truth claim that the defendant is guilty, but our conclusions were wrong. Now, this is where your analogy breaks down. In the courtroom, the Judge is a human and is thus subject to untruths, but in reality God is the Judge and the Jury, and we are the defendants. Are you not putting man as the Judge over God when you say that man can determine whether or not God is lying when he creates something a certain way that YOU, aka, science, interpret him to be guilty?
"Popper is definitely not talking about the How and Why of a question!" First of all, I was just going off of a quote that you gave, and that was my interpretation of it, that I am certain of. I will have to read Popper more, but I had assumed that you gave a fair representation of his view with that quote. So it is absolutely true that Popper is not talking about the How and the Why of a question. How did you come to that truth? Anyways, ironically, I actually agree with what Popper is saying, in a certain way. My point was a reduction to absurdity argument. You said, "Popper would say that science cannot prove that life comes only from life." Again Popper is giving Science claims of truth, which we have both established, and you have admitted that science cannot do, so how can Popper prove that "science says" that life only comes from life? He cannot prove that, so by inclusion he cannot prove anything, he can't even prove he can't prove anything, a very odd position indeed. If you see that the evidence clearly indicates that life only comes from life, then by extension, this would mean that God must have created the first life, by the same laws of science we observe now, without exception, because at this point the evidence left MUST indicate that God created a certain way and would not lie about it. Poppers has no such problem, you do, if you are to stay consistent with your position.
Absolute truth exists, therefore we can determine that there are absolute truths. So wouldn't that be a determination as to what an absolute truth is? Let us examine what an absolute truth is, "A truth which is internally and externally consistent" That is, if a law of Gravity is internally and externally consistent, it can be considered to be absolutely true that it does exist. Now, while the Materialists scientists cannot know if the earth has always followed the same laws that we observe today, you, are not in so nice a situation. Because the Bible says that there are plants on day three, you would be internally consistent to say that SINCE the creation, Science has remained completely consistent and is a consistent representation of God and of his works. You would also be able to determine by Genesis 8:21-22, "The LORD smelled the pleasing aroma and said in his heart: "NEVER AGAIN will I curse the ground because of man, even though every inclination of his heart is evil from childhood. And NEVER AGAIN will I destroy all living creatures, as I have done. As long as the earth endures, seedtime and harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, day and night will NEVER CEASE."
So you have Gods direct promise that Science will always stay the same as long as the earth endures. SO you have NO EXCUSE to say that Science is tentative, (again, not the Hows and Whys), because, according to God, it is not. It will always operate in the same manners UNDER NORMAL CIRCUMSTANCES, without Gods intervention, as long as the earth endures.Now here is the baffling part, in your previous paragraph, you stated, "Perhaps your confusion lies in your inability to understand the difference between the existence of absolute truths and our ability to determine them." But then you go on to say that we can make a determined truth that God cannot lie. How can we know this if we cannot determine what an absolute truth is? But later, you go on to claim, "We do not know for certain that Gravity works the way we think it does" But in order for you to make that statement, you must say that it is an absolute certainty that you don't know for certain that Gravity works the way we think it does. You refuted your own statement only a paragraph later, by making a declarative truth. You then say, "We have a good theory to explain how it works." But again, you just made a declarative truth statement that you have a good theory to explain how it works! I am beginning to wonder if there are not, in fact, two of you typing at the same time.
Yes, we have tested gravity many times, but you seem to have completely over looked the fact that I am not saying the Why of Gravity is absolute, nor How, but only that Gravity is absolutely certain, and if it was not, we would not be around to observe and record it SCIENTIFICALLY if it was not. If you did not believe this, then making claims about what SHOULD be or COULD be back at the beginning of creation is useless because you can't even know if Gravity could have been different back then, because, according to you, there is a possibility that it COULD have changed, because you CANNOT know for certain that it did not. Therefore you would be making a false statement about God and proclaiming it to be Truth, based on your CURRENT understanding of Gravity. So, in this case, who is the Judge? Is God the Judge or are scientists the Judge?Then you claim, "You can do science even when there is a possibility that it is all wrong." So is that absolutely true that you can do science even if it is all wrong? How did you come to that declarative truth? If you can do science even if it is all wrong, that means that the fundamental properties of science are different than the Whys and the Hows of science. I can take water and confirm that its chemical make up will always be H20 and if it was not I can also confirm that I would subsequently die as well as most of life, and this can be extrapolated reliably back into the past because, according to you, nature should show a true record of what God did. What gaurantee do we have that water will not change its properties in the future in the same way that it could have changed them in the past? If there are not certain parts of science that are absolute, then determining the amount of salt in the ocean would be useless, because we could not determine if the properties that make salt today are the same that made them billions of hypothetical years ago or not, or even a thousand years ago. Now you confuse me more, you say there IS a UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION CONSTANT, an absolute, but then go on to subsequently claim that it is possible that there does not necessarily have to be a Universal Gravitational Constant. Why should there be such a Universal Gravitational Constant to begin with?
You are in a very odd position. Again, according to CURRENT knowledge, we know that a belly button only results from being in his or her mothers womb. However, God could have just as easily created Adam and Eve with a belly button because he did not want them to feel separate from the rest of his creation, or for some reason as of yet unknown. Also, who is to say that the process of making belly buttons for the first humans would necessarily remain the same after the creation event, and how could you know? Now if you found him with a belly button, what right would you have to say that your opinion of why Adam could not have had a belly button is better than what God would say is a reason why he did make Adam with a belly button? You seem to be stuck in this mode where CURRENT ways that science work MUST correlate to PAST ways that God has worked in miraculous events. In your last sentence you say, "Until you learn that, you will continue to be confused on scientific issues." A bit ironic that in your last statement, you made a declarative truth statement, while earlier saying that we can not know what a declarative truth statement is, even more ironic, a declarative truth itself. You just keep stacking up the Declarative truths, don't you?


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Joint, N. (2003) Writing for publication in a library journal. SCONUL Newsletter, 28. pp. 61-66. ISSN 1353-0429
| PDF (strathprints006048.pdf) Download (77Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://www.sconul.ac.uk/publications/newsletter/28...
This paper is aimed at librarians who want to publish something in a library and information science journal but have never done so before. If you fall into this category, perhaps the first thing to be said is, good for you if you've decided to take this step. We hope that you are about to join that important group of professionals, those who can be described as 'reflective practitioners'. This means that, not only are you good at your job, but you are good at thinking about your work and analysing it for others. Which can only make you better at what you do.
Item type: | Article |
ID code: | 6048 |
Keywords: | libraries, authorship, research, library and information science |
Subjects: | Bibliography. Library Science. Information Resources > Libraries (General) |
Department: | Professional Services > Information Services |
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Depositing user: | Mr N Joint |
Date Deposited: | 08 May 2008 |
Last modified: | 14 Mar 2012 14:59 |
URI: | http://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/6048 |
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The strategic health-care reform not being debated
Posted 8/21/2009 03:01:00 PM
© 2009 by Michael Swickard, Ph.D.
Most Americans in these town-hall meetings are, metaphorically, just waxing deck chairs on the Titanic. They argue health-care tactics while ignoring the profound change in health-care strategy. The unexamined and unchallenged change is from a philosophy of social contract to one of social justice.
When I was born in 1950, health care was predicated on a long-standing social contract we citizens had with our government in which the government's role was to enhance our lives in both longevity and quality. Government-sponsored medical advances were greeted enthusiastically by Americans.
My cardiologist started in the early 1970s when it was uncommon for heart patients to live robustly past 70. With the advent of new procedures and drugs, patients now live actively past 80. Likewise, there were worldwide celebrations when Polio was defeated and then Smallpox, Measles and Rubella.
Many people are alive today because of that social contract with our government. This increase in longevity, a source of pride, is now at the core of our reform debate.
The social contract also had researchers working on eradicating cancer and heart disease; however, the prospect of the changing health-care strategy brings that into this question: Should society be curing cancer and heart disease, since that results in people living longer? This extends the society's obligations to these survivors for medical treatments and Social Security. That is the reform strategy not being debated.
Instead, there are long-winded debates about the minutia of what is on page 420 of a bill that has multiple versions. Americans are standing on a whale fishing for minnows.
A radical change in philosophy
The health care reform is not about saving money for consumers of health care, and it is not about whether citizens use the private option or non-profit co-ops. Rather, it is the supposition that the government should change how it uses health-care resources based upon a radical change of philosophy similar to the progressive health-care changes in Europe and Canada.
The new philosophy is social justice which, operationally, never takes from the young to give to the old. Under a social-contract philosophy, our government provides resources so citizens live longer and better. Social-justice philosophy says to oldsters, "You have lived long enough; we cannot expend resources on you that could go to the young."
Other countries have made that change. It is the core of health-care decisions in England. Their health-care motto is: In with the young, out with the old. It is like some strange New Year's Eve party where the elderly are shuffled off to the cemetery for the good of the country.
If America adopts a social justice philosophy, that changes who gets government-controlled health care resources. Countries making this switch experience unreasonable delays or outright prohibition of resources for people considered too old or of not enough use to the society as a whole.
Social justice says the collective good of the society trumps individual benefits. As a cancer survivor I regularly see the effect of my having had cancer on the current health-care system that endeavors to hold me at arm's length. But I see even worse outcomes if our country adopts the new social-justice yardstick, which will reason that keeping me alive is good money after bad, since I could re-acquire cancer at any time, thereby wasting money that might go to the young.
So it will be out to the trash heap for me.
Missing the strategic change
Further, the new social-justice government will view my survival of cancer differently from the government of social contract. Surviving my bout with cancer required quick action on a five-hour operation and follow-up radiation. The government that sponsored the research leading to procedures that were successful in my survival was happy. However, a social-justice society would not be happy and would say, "Shuckins, if he had died we would not owe him any Social Security. Hope he dies before we have to pay him anything, despite his 40 years of paying into Social Security."
The town-hall debaters do not see the beast in belly. They think this a political rather than ethical issue that is a battle over which political party wins. Like the rest of our country, they will be quite surprised by the extent of the governmental betrayal.
With no scrutiny by the media or citizen debate, the congressional leadership and President Obama are set to install this new philosophy of social justice, which will remake us into a New Order Progressive Nation. They are enabled when citizens and the media miss the strategic change and only debate tactics.
We need not debate private options if our government no longer supports longevity and quality of life for older Americans. Those details do not matter in the least if our leaders, using social-justice reasoning, betray and then discard older citizens.
Swickard is a weekly columnist for this site. You can reach him at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Labels: Health-care reform, Swickard columns, Washington


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Here's how to buy into the 'Amazon of India'
A former IRS agent gives you inside tips
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The U.S. Energy Department's weekly inventory release showed that crude stockpiles logged a surprise decline, as imports fell. The report further revealed that refined product inventories - gasoline and distillate - decreased from their previous week levels. Meanwhile, refiners scaled up their utilization rates by 1.5%. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) Petroleum Status Report, containing data of the previous week ending Friday, outlines information regarding the weekly change in petroleum inventories held and produced by the U.S., both locally and abroad. The report provides an overview of the level of reserves and their movements, thereby helping investors understand the demand/supply dynamics of petroleum products. It is an indicator of current oil prices and volatility that affect the businesses of companies engaged in the oil and refining industry, such as ExxonMobil Corp. ( XOM ), Chevron Corp. ( CVX ), ConocoPhillips ( COP ), Valero Energy Corp. ( VLO ) and Tesoro Corp. ( TSO ). Analysis of the Data Crude Oil: The federal government's EIA report revealed that crude inventories fell by 1.47 million barrels for the week ending November 16, 2012, following a climb of 1.09 million barrels in the previous week. The analysts surveyed by Platts - the energy information arm of McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. ( MHP ), had expected oil stocks to go up some 1 million barrels. An uptick in refinery utilization rates and lower imports led to the stockpile drawdown with the world's biggest oil consumer. However, crude inventories at the Cushing terminal in Oklahoma - the key delivery hub for U.S. crude futures traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange - jumped 1.47 million barrels from the previous week's level to 45.15 million barrels. Stocks are currently just under the all-time high of 47.78 million barrels reached in June. At 374.47 million barrels, current crude supplies are 13.2% above the year-earlier level, and comfortably exceed the upper limit of the average for this time of the year. The crude supply cover was down from 25.5 days in the previous week to 25.4 days. In the year-ago period, the supply cover was 22.6 days. Gasoline: Supplies of gasoline were down for the second time in as many weeks despite domestic consumption declining marginally. The fall in gasoline inventories could be attributed to plummeting Gulf Coast stocks. The 1.55 million barrels drop - compared to analyst projections for a 1.25 million barrels increase in supply level - took gasoline stockpiles down to 200.39 million barrels. As a result of this decrease, the existing inventory level of the most widely used petroleum product is now 4.4% off the year-earlier levels and is in the lower half of the average range. Distillate: Distillate fuel supplies (including diesel and heating oil) dropped by 2.67 million barrels last week, much higher than analysts' expectations for a 1 million barrels decrease in inventory level. The sharp decline in distillate fuel stocks - the ninth in 10 weeks - could be attributed to stronger demand and lower imports, partially offset by higher production. At 112.84 million barrels, distillate supplies are 15.2% below the year-ago level and are well under the lower limit of the average range for this time of the year. Refinery Rates: Refinery utilization was up 1.5% from the prior week to 87.5%. The analysts were expecting the refinery run rate to go up by 0.7%.
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This facility is operated by Tahoe Recreation a division California Land Management.
Visit the Camp Store at Jackson Meadow!
- Located on the west side of the reservoir near the Wood camp Recreation Sites. The Camp Store offers a variety of camping and fishing equipment and supplies; including Ice, Snack, Groceries and Gift items-making it the perfect place to come for those forgotten and needed items.
Thing To Do:
- Camping
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Photon Model of Refraction
Name: Christopher S. Status: educator Age: 50s Location: N/A Country: N/A Date: 1/13/2003
The Physics texts I have seen leave me wanting more when it comes to explaining refraction. It is usually something like - a line of people walk from land into the water at an angle, the first one in slows down and the line (wave front) bends to a new direction when they're all in. How could this explain the fact that a single photon refracts? Are there any theories or good guesses, even, that account for this?
If you want to know how it "really" happens I suggest you look up the topic in Richard Feynman's classic text: "Lectures in Physics". You can find it in most any library or book store, if you decide to purchase this classic. He presents the explanation "about as good as it gets." I would not even attempt to try to match his very lucid and accurate explanation.
Vince Calder
This is really a pretty good question. I would refer you to a paperback book "QED" which stands for "Quantum Electro Dynamics" by Richard Feynman. The book sounds very intimidating. But it is NOT. Feynman got a Nobel Prize trying to answer your question, and a friend of his asked him to explain his work to laymen. It took him a number of years, but he finally gave a series of very clear lectures in the 1980's. The book is thin, it has NO math to speak of, just concepts.
The bottom line on some of these questions is that we do not explain why, we just explain the rules to calculate what light does. He basically answers your exact question about a single photon with "who knows?" -- it is a probability and we have to leave it at that.
Steve Ross
You have touched upon a profound and important feature of light (and particles, too, when they can be described by quantum mechanical waves). Namely, a ray of light is not and cannot be infinitely thin as this would violate the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (HUP) which is the foundation of quantum mechanics.
The HUP states that the product of the x position of a particle such as a photon times the uncertainty in the x component of the momentum of that particle cannot be small than Planck's constant divided by 2 pi. While Planck's constant is a very small number by human standards (6 x 10-34 Joule-sec), it is NOT zero.
Now notice that an infinitely thin ray of light heading precisely in the z direction has x=0 with zero uncertainty. Also, its velocity is precisely in the z direction so the x component of its velocity is zero with zero uncertain. Then px (the x component of its momentum) = m vx = 0 precisely. So both x and px are known precisely, which violates the HUP.
The only way out is that the ray of light must have some width and must be spreading out laterally, so that x and px are not zero so their uncertainties can be non-zero.
That is why the analogy of a troop of soldiers marching eight abreast, for example, is a good analogy. Then the first column to enter the water slows down first while the other columns continue at a faster speed until they reach the water. If you draw some sketches or play with some toy soldiers, I am sure you can convince yourself of the correctness of this picture and even, using a little trigonometry, derive Snell's Law of refraction. Remember the analogy to the index of refraction would be 1/v, where v is smaller in the water.
It is also interesting to note that the ray of light must penetrate some distance into the second medium in order to know what it is index is, so it knows what direction to travel inside the second medium.
The main idea is that the HUP makes it impossible for a ray of light to have zero width. Of course, a zero width ray could not refract, since it could not determine what angle it makes with the surface; it would only know it is interacting with an atom or perhaps only an electron inside the second medium. The ray must be wide enough so it can detect the plane of the surface and not be misled by tiny imperfections. Rather amazing, isn't it?
Best, Dick Plano
Hello Christopher S.,
The way I teach it is that there are some examples that support the wave model of light, (like the marching people example) and that there are other examples that better support the particle model of light. Since scientists have yet to decide if light is a particle or a wave, I do not feel compelled to press the issue farther. However, I always think it is nice to let the students know that even scientists are not decided on all issues. It leaves room for exploration. Who knows, perhaps one of our students will one day conduct a new experiment that will provide the answer once and for all.
Martha Croll
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Thu, Apr 19, 12 at 22:02
I took the updraft carb apart and the main jet threads are a little messed up and can not get the new one back in, What size threader do i need to rethread where the main jet go's into the carb? |
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Take the jet to the hardware store and match up with a tap. |
- Posted by ggoyeneche New Jersey (My Page) on Fri, Apr 20, 12 at 8:43
There are two uncommon threads used on a Briggs Flo-Jet: 5/16 - 32 One is for threading nozzle to body. other is for threading needle to body. |
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Weekend Highlights
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"Ink Stomp" to Showcase Artistic Talents of Kids with Special Needs
They'll be stomping, rolling and dancing to rock n' roll while creating large, one-of-a-kind monoprints during the "Ink Stomp" at the Schack Art Center in Everett.
Ink Stomp is a collaborative art event showcasing the abilities of 45 youth and adults with special needs from the Lynnwood High School Life Skills Class and the All Aboard program in Everett. The public is invited to watch as event planners and participants take over at the Schack on Friday, Oct. 4 from 10:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.
The giant Ink Stomp monoprints will be produced by first layering ink onto 3' x 5' plexiglass plates. Paper will be laid over the ink and, as DJ Busters plays tunes, participants will "move in whatever way the music inspires" across the paper to create unique patterns.
One of the event coordinators, Mary Peterson, whose own daughter has special needs, happened upon a video of folks from Sweden creating prints using this technique and was thrilled to see another method of making art that didn't require a lot of fine motor skill. "Monoprinting as a group promotes a sense of camaraderie and fun, which I believe is one of the most healing aspects of art," added Peterson.
The Ink Stomp prints will then be exhibited in Schack Studio 1 from Oct. 4 through 31, where they will also be on sale.
Schack Art Center is an admission free, visual arts center in downtown Everett featuring diverse art exhibits from locally and internationally known professional artists, as well as emerging young talents. The state-of the-art glass blowing studio allows the public to watch local artists work with this mesmerizing art form. To learn more, visit www.schack.org.
Photo credit: Ink Stomp example provided by Mary Peterson.
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Macy*s - "Yes, Virginia The Musical" - JWT New York
- Yes, Virginia The Musical
- Macy*s
- Macy's, Inc.
- JWT New York
- United States
- Yes, Virginia
Product Category | Department Stores, Supermarkets |
Language | English |
Media Type | Case Study |
Length | 132 Seconds |
Awards | London International Awards - LIA, 2013 (Bronze) for Live Events - Beyond Advertising London International Awards - LIA, 2013 (Silver) for Integration |
Executive Creative Director | Matt MacDonald |
Creative Director | Craig Love/Shayne Millington |
Art Director | Raihna Halim/Ben Chiang |
Chief Creative Officer | Jeff Benjamin |
Copywriter | Justine Cotter |
Producer | Robin Feldman/Margaret Mclaughlin |
Project Manager | Lindsey Allen |
Account Director | Angela Rebong Brown |
Business Director | Claire Capeci |
Other | Macy's Marketing/Macy's Media/Macy's Media Relations/Macy's.com |
Macy's is America's biggest department store chain, famous for huge holiday spectacles. But with 798 stores, they struggle to connect with families in local markets. So this Christmas, we kicked off a new holiday tradition that would support drama programs in schools across the country. For the 2012 holiday season, we created a new tradition for school stages across the country. "Yes, Virginia: The Musical", a brand-new show based on Macy's beloved animated Christmas special. No rights. No royalties. Any school in America could put on the show-free. In the end, more than 1300 schools all across the U.S. staged the new musical.


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Reviewed Lasagna al Forno
Sep 14, 2012 in Food Network Community Toolbox on FoodNetwork.com
"My husband does most of the cooking in our house but he said he was craving lasanga. I was up for the challenge as he doesn't like to bake. Im so happy i found this recipe!! It was so much easier than i thought it was going to be. There is a lot of multitasking but in the end.. my husband's lasanga craving was over and it was the best both of u""


text: This is collection on beautiful graphics bus wraps which is really looking so beautiful and attractive and also looks good on road except of old bus designs. Business graphics bus wraps are amazingly popular to vehicle owners and enthusiasts. The design made for buses is often an expression of 'sky is the limit' theme. All possible designs and effects can be applied; and this will primarily depend on the owners' preferences or business advertising needs. I have searched all over the net looking for the best eyecatching Bus Graphics Wraps and I was able to collect 40+ Amazing Bus Graphics Wraps with the help of my wife of course. Now take a look at these colorful images and I'm sure you'll be amazed by the artistry in each Bus Graphic Wraps.


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Well, it looks like this is the season for catching up with photos. I see GMason has updated his online photo album (if you haven't visited it yet you really should) and that's what I'm in the process of doing too.
I've been doing my best to add to the plantfiles on davesgarden.com and since I already had the images edited and resized I thought why not upload them to my photobucket gallery. There are images from my own garden, the SJI National Convention, the Region 6 Spring Meeting, and the Mio Irisarians Show up now. You can either view them at davesgarden or in my latest uploads on photobucket. I'm sorry I don't have time to post them here, but I hope you will enjoy them. Brock |
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- Posted by candie_here z9 Ca (My Page) on Mon, Aug 25, 08 at 23:35
I love erin stroll, now I have to add that to my list of must have. Gorgeous photos. I N V U Candie |
You did a beautiful job. Love looking at more pictures. Also, enjoyed reading the article you wrote for the AIS Region 6 newsletter. Shadow |
Let's bump this up. Brock ~~ sensational Japanese iris pics!!! I'm on page 4. |
Thank-you. All of you. Thank-you mshadow for your kind words regarding that article. I thought it was a bit over the top but Jody (the newsletter editor) asked for alot of adjectives, so it wound up a bit more colorful than I would have liked. Not to mention that photo she didn't tell me she would be including! I'm glad she took that photo though, because you can see my affection for her through that image (whereas other's you might see a different emotion). Mainly confusion with someone's desire to capture my likeness. :) iris_gal I'm glad you enjoyed the JI photos. Did you see the pseudatas too? I realized afterward that I managed to photograph all of Hiroshi Shimizu's pseudata intros except 'Kinshikou' during the SJI National. That is to say all that are listed on Carol Warner's site. I'm glad to hear that the images are brightening days. There have been many trials in my life lately and I am happy to hear that I can lighten someone's life if only for a brief moment. There are more to come. I'm trying to catch up with my photos before the draft horse show season breaks loose. Brock |
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Thursday, April 1, 2010 - 7:40am
There were more reports of violence in Mexico near the Pharr/Reynosa International bridge on Wednesday afternoon.
Mexican officials issued a bulletin advising residents of Reynosa, Mexico of the risk of violence and to stay away from the area of Boulevard Colosio in the Nuevo Amancer neighborhood. It was reported of a shoot out between armed civilians and military soldiers, but the report could not be confirmed.


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I'm cultivating an interest in organic, sustainable foods. I'm crusading against HFCS (high fructose corn syrup) and trying to find fabulous recipes for fresh foods and the kind of ingredients Nana and Grandma would have used. All the while trying to please my sweet tooth in a healthier way!