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If you haven't started your application yet, what are you waiting for?
In addition, you might want to mark your calendar for the following events.
- EdTechConnect with Scott Kinney ~ March 17 at 7 PM ET. Register today.
- DEN Spring Training ~ begins March 20.
- Little Hands, Giant Reach with Steve Dembo ~ March 23 at 7 PM ET. Register today.
- Storytelling on the Cutting Edge with Justin Karkow ~ March 24 at 7 PM ET. Register today.
- Leadership Council Election Process ~ begins March 26
- DEN Summer Institute ~ application deadline is April 12. Apply today!
- Siemens STEM Institute ~ application deadline is April 16. You will need to join the Siemens STEM Institute to apply.
- Spring Virtual Conference ~ April 24. Registration is now open. Check out the session titles and descriptions on the DEN blog or peruse Lance Rougeux's Slideshare.
- DEN Geocaching Day ~ May 22
- LC Symposium ~ July 11-16.
As always, your best professional development and resources from Discovery will pack your schedule with great ideas, so please join us!
On another note, the photos I snapped at the DEN PreCon 2010 and our shining STARS at PETE&C can be found at the Discovery Educator Network group on Flickr.
Bentley University Image Citation
DEN Summer Institute
DEN Spring Training
LC Elections
Siemens STEM Institute
Spring Virtual Conference
DEN Geocaching Day
LC Symposium


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Fans of "Grey's Anatomy" have long been captivated with the pixie-voiced Anya Marina, whose song "Miss Halfway" wowed everyone on the show's very first soundtrack. In the past seven years, Anya's relatable lyrics have been featured everyone from "Twilight: New Moon" to "The Real World" to "How I Met Your Mother." Oh, and if you're haven't heard her cover of rapper T.I.'s song "Whatever You Like," you're seriously missing out.
Anya Marina's next album comes out on March 13 and The Frisky has a 24-hour exclusive on her single "Notice Me" before it hits iTunes. So give it a listen after the jump and check out our Frisky Q&A with Anya Marina, which she was kind enough to do via email while she's on tour!

subset: commoncrawl


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Download Fact Sheet/Capacity Table (pdf, 989 KB)
Our Wellington function venues and meeting rooms for hire offer much mre than stunning views of the Wellington waterfront. They are elegant and versatile and can be used for any event you are planning.
If you have a business function, meeting or conference on the cards, please contact our event planning team.


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- Have extra copies of your handouts with you in case someone arrives unexpectedly.
- Place all materials in a notebook.
- Make sure everything is typewritten or computer-generated--no handwritten documents.
- Customize everything to your audience; don't use form letters.
- Edit your presentation so you give listeners what they want yet leave them wanting more.
- Have no more than 12 pages in any handout.
- Bring backup materials in support of any claims you make.
- Bring your business cards and collect business cards from everyone at the meeting.
Source: Tomima Edmark's The American Dream Fact Pack (self-published)
Next: Next Step »
Like this article? Get this issue right now on iPad, Nook or Kindle Fire.
This article was originally published in the July 1999 print edition of Entrepreneur with the headline: Now Showing.


text:
A new report from the Education Trust suggests that only a handful of colleges are prepared to meet the needs of lower-income students.
The report, "Priced Out: How the Wrong Financial Aid Policies Hurt Low-Income Students" looks at 1,186 colleges nationwide, which had comparable data on what lower-income students pay for college. In recent years, colleges have paid lip service to making college more affordable and accessible. But policy doesn't always bear that out, the report shows.
Though BUILD can't control college costs, it does work one-on-one with students to identify the best colleges for their interests, personality and financial abilities. We want our students to succeed – which is why if they can't afford certain colleges, we direct them to a school that is more affordable or offers a terrific financial aid package.
Click here to read more about our college program!
BUILD Headquarters: 2385 Bay Road • Redwood City, CA 94063


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This is an over the counter product - it does not require prescription.
G. I. Conditioner is the only product of its kind that contains a combination of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus a complex blend of direct fed microbials and essential enzymes to help support G.I. Tract health during times of abnormal digestion or gastrointestinal upset. G. I. Conditioner supports weight management and conditioning of the horse. It is especially useful in foals to establish normal gut activity.


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Advocacy takes many forms in our society. There are health care advocates...consumer advocates...advocates for political causes and so on. But the greatest advocate of all – as we see throughout the scriptures – is God.
Jesus promised His disciples that the Holy Spirit would come and dwell within them to guide and help them in doing good as He taught. That same spirit of God dwells within each of us. And so we are called to be advocates...to speak and stand for others in need....to show hospitality to strangers...to make peace among our neighbors...to work for justice for everyone.
God is our advocate, like a parent who loves and cares for their child. It is our responsibility then to be advocates for God, becoming activists in love for one another.
What kind of advocate will you be?


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CoRR, April 1998
- John Larcheveque: Graph Interpolation Grammars: a Rule-based Approach to the Incremental Parsing of Natural Languages.
- Lauri Karttunen: The Proper Treatment of Optimality in Computational Phonology.
- Gertjan van Noord: Treatment of Epsilon-Moves in Subset Construction.
- Atsushi Fujii: Corpus-Based Word Sense Disambiguation.
- Newton C. A. da Costa, Francisco A. Doria: On the existence of certain total recursive functions in nontrivial axiom systems, I.
- Ashwin Nayak, Felix Wu: The quantum query complexity of approximating the median and related statistics.
- Andris Ambainis, Ashwin Nayak, Amnon Ta-Shma, Umesh V. Vazirani: Dense Quantum Coding and a Lower Bound for 1-way Quantum Automata.


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Now demolished and road widened - the site is now part of the carpark infront of current St Clements congregational chappel (on opposite side of road to original one as shown on map below).
This premises was listed in the 1844 White's Directory with carriers operating from the inn to Henley.
Below the pub is shown on an 1881 map. The original Congregational chapel shown was later to become the Grimwade Hall, now part of a residential development fronting the junction between Fore & Back Hamlets - all other property depicted apart from Steam Packet pub has since been demolished.
last updated 15/01/2015
(Most pub, location & historic details collated by Nigel, Tony or Keith - original sources are credited)
(*** historic newspaper information from Bob Mitchell)


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Hypertension; HBP; Blood pressure - high
Adults over 18 should have their blood pressure checked regularly.
Lifestyle changes may help control your blood pressure.
Follow your health care provider's recommendations to modify, treat, or control possible causes of high blood pressure.
Goldstein LB, Bushnell CD, Adams RJ, Appel LJ, Braun LT, Chaturvedi S, et al. Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: a guideline...
Read more"Doc, I've had swelling off and on for more than 15 years. The medications my doctor has been giving me don't seem to work as well. It... Read more »
Full Question: Can Migraine be hereditary? Elaine. Full Answer: Dear Elaine; Yes, it has been shown that Migraine is a genetic... Read more »
Reader Question: I have a family member that was diagnosed with osteoporosis. Is it hereditary?There are definitely hereditary factors... Read more »
As an allergist/immunologist, I am frequently asked to see patients with angioedema or swelling. Although many times the source of... Read more »
Source: ADAM Encyclopedia
Hypertension; HBP; Blood pressure - high Symptoms Most of the time, there are no symptoms. For most patients, high blood pressure is... Read more »
Source: ADAM Encyclopedia
Hypertension; HBP; Blood pressure - high Treatment The goal of treatment is to reduce blood pressure so that you have a lower risk of... Read more »
Source: HealthCentral Encyclopedia
Hereditary lymphedema is an inherited lymph system disorder. It is characterized by swelling of subcutaneous tissue caused by obstruction of... Read more »
Source: ADAM Encyclopedia
Hereditary amyloidosis is a condition in which abnormal protein deposits (called amyloid) form in almost every tissue in the body. These protein... Read more »
Source: ADAM Encyclopedia
Hereditary ovalocytosis is rare condition passed down through families (inherited) in which blood cells are slightly oval-shaped instead of round. It... Read more »


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Set out a piece of paper and some crayons and see the growth and development that is taking place.
Fine motor skills are being strenthened as preschoolers grasp the crayons and hold on tight enough to make the color show up on their paper.
Eye-hand coordination is challenged as preschoolers learn to use the crayons to draw long connected or short curly lines.
The imagination is sparked as children create what may seem like scribbles to the untrained eye but to the child it may be a house, baby, or the family dog.
Color recognition is being reinforced as preschoolers choose among the many different color choices made available to them.
Communication skills are encouraged as preschoolers are asked to share something about their drawings with the class.
Keep crayons and paper available in your classroom all throughout the day and give your students time to color.
Younger preschoolers need time to strenthen their abilities and as they get older, they will be better able to master the skill of coloring and drawing.
Copyright ©2009 Deborah J. Stewart; All Rights Reserved!
This article is being shared with you by Deborah Stewart of Teach Preschool - Sharing the wonders of early learning in action!Check out Deborah's new book and order your copy today!
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1978 Toyota Crown Estate Wagon 2.6 petrol from Pakistan
Reliability and comfort
Small problems, like I can't find the tail lights and front parking lights.
General Comments:
Hi to all you Crown lovers out there, I read everybody's comments, really loved to hear that most of you had a nice time with their car.
Well mine is the oldest; a 1978 Toyota Crown Estate Wagon. I am its second owner, as its first owner was Mr Brown, an Australian. I still love to drive this car, it is one of the most comfortable cars I have ever driven, and very solid.
I had a few accidents, and I had wrecked the other cars really bad, but it is my fathers car and he insists on keeping it. My father has owned this car since 1983, which makes it 24 years since we owned the car; since then we have bought and sold many cars, but not the Crown as it has become a part of our family. The car has always been very reliable, and is my dad's absolute favourite.
Since I had a few accidents, I am unable to find parking lights and taillights for my car. Please please, can anyone can help here? He or she can comment and let me know.
Thanks in advance.
My email address is email@example.com
Would you buy another car from this manufacturer? Yes
Review Date: 5th December, 2007


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This is a Multiplication tables training App. And this is a speed puzzle game, too.
This is the Reverse version of my App "one digit multiplication tADa".
It's helpful for your math brain to refresh. Let's learn and remember and enjoy the multiplication tables.
There are 9 questions on nine stages, random 81 questions.
ex) 27 => 3 x 9, 24 => 8 x 3


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Current Time
see + do
Tel: 3643 54 54 01
Concierge.com's insider take:
For a grander take on domestic interiors, head for Wittumspalais, home of the Duchess Anna Amalia, whose salon played an important part in the intellectual life of the town. Her old house contains many mementos of the German Enlightenment movement. Admission is $4.25 for adults, $3 for seniors and students, and free for children under 6. Hours: March 15Oct 25, TuesSun 106; Oct 26March 14, TuesSun 104.
User Reviews
write a review ›BEEN HERE? TELL US WHAT YOU THINK
Be the first to write a review of Wittumspalais and share your tips with the Concierge.com community.


text:
Press Release
UA professor recognized for distinguished service
Barbara Gutek career focused on integration of social psychology and the business world
TUCSON, Ariz. – July 18, 2006 – Barbara Gutek, professor at The University of Arizona's Eller College of Management, was recently presented with the Distinguished Service Award by the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues (SPSSI). A member for nearly half of its 70 years, and instrumental in guiding the organization through its restructuring in the 1990s, she was honored at the Society's biennial conference in Long Beach, Calif. on June 23, 2006.
Unique in an organization made up predominantly of psychologists, Gutek is a professor in the Department of Management and Organizations at the Eller College, a business school. "Barbara Gutek has had a distinguished career at the crossroads of social psychology and the world of business. She has encouraged us all to think about the social issues unique to the private sector and the increasingly global economy," states the citation read at the conference. "She has believed passionately in SPSSI's mission to balance advocacy and research, once referring to this balancing act as a 'delicate and deliberate matter,'" adds the citation.
Effectively integrating psychological research with business issues, Gutek's work has focused on women in the workplace and more recently on life balance. She is frequently called upon as an expert witness, particularly in sexual harassment cases. Last semester she taught a course on Work and Non-Work, balancing work and home.
SPSSI serves as consultant to the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, and is frequently asked to brief Congress on topics such as the environment and child labor. "Its mission is to get the members' research out there," said Gutek. "SPSSI was the first professional organization I joined and it is the one that has brought me the most satisfaction. I am pleased and surprised to be recognized," she added.
Gutek joined SPPSI, a division of the American Psychological Association, as a graduate student at the University of Michigan upon the urging of her dissertation advisor, the late Daniel Katz. She followed closely in Katz's footsteps, holding numerous leadership positions in the organization, including secretary-treasurer (1992-1996) and president (1997-1998).
About SPSSI. A division of the American Psychological Association, SPSSI is an international group of over 3500 psychologists, allied scientists, students, and others who share a common interest in research on the psychological aspects of important social issues. SPSSI was organized during the Great Depression in order to bring together a "national group of socially minded psychologists" to address social and economic issues. In various ways, the Society seeks to bring theory and practice into focus on human problems of the group, the community, and nations, as well as the increasingly important problems that have no national boundaries.
The Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona is internationally recognized for pioneering research, innovative curriculum, distinguished faculty, excellence in management information systems, entrepreneurship, and social responsibility. U.S. News & World Report ranks the Eller undergraduate program No. 11 among public business schools and two of its programs are among the top 20 — Entrepreneurship and MIS. U.S. News & World Report ranks the Eller MBA Full-Time program No. 48 in the U.S. In addition to a Full-Time MBA program, the Eller College offers the No. 25-ranked Evening MBA program, the Eller Executive MBA and the Online MBA. The Eller College of Management supports more than 5,800 undergraduate and 800 graduate students on the UA campus in beautiful Tucson, Arizona, and on its satellite campus in downtown Phoenix.
Press Contact:
Liz Warren-Pederson, Eller College of Management
520.626.9547, firstname.lastname@example.com
For additional information, please contact us.


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Lucia LED Matrix: Now You Can have Your Own Billboard at Home
LED-powered signs have rapidly become omnipresent in big cities. Now you can even have one inside your house. It's called Lucia and was created and designed by Tangible Interaction.
Lucia is a sound reactive LED matrix, which consists of a 112×20 pixel RGB LED light box that can display a variety of shapes and colors, depending on the sounds it detects. It comes with a bunch of pre-loaded generative patterns and animations, which are controlled via a dial on the top of the display.
I think it's pretty cool, and I wouldn't mind having one in my round as sort of ambient light source.
Of course, with the right programming, you could also use it as your own personal billboard, hawking your wares to friends and family as they sit on your couch.
[via Designboom]
MORE:Digital Imaging | Home Theater | Interactive | Strange + Wonderful | billboard | display | led | lucia | matrix | rgb


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Tuesday, May 6
Are all those reality shows bumming you out? We'll reserve judgment on whether or not it's a good thing, but public television is getting in the act with its own twists on the formula. One of them, Warrior Challenge, a time-warping, historically based battle show focusing on combat specialists through the ages, premieres locally tonight at 9 with an episode titled "Gladiators." You guessed it -- eight, um, volunteer "gladiators" duke it out in a modern-day arena, but not before learning the tricks of the trade, Roman style. Future installments focus on Vikings, medieval knights, Roman centurions and the like; they air weekly on Tuesdays on KRMA-TV/Channel 6. And who knows? It might just become the new BattleBots!
Wednesday, May 7
The Denver Center Theatre Company winds up its season with a restaged and unredoubtable classic: Jean-Baptiste Molière's 300-year-old farce Scapin or The Con Artist, newly translated and adapted by DCTC stalwart Nagle Jackson. Reset in sunny Naples in the nineteenth century, the production features Cameron Fomar in the title role (a comic character originally performed by Molière himself). Audiences can get a sneak peek tonight for nada at a Free for All performance at 6:30; shows continue daily, except Sundays, through June 7 at the Stage Theatre, 14th and Curtis streets. Admission ranges from $26 to $35 for previews (tomorrow through May 14) and $33 to $46 thereafter; call 303-893-4100 or log on to www.denvercenter.org.


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Sun, Jan 19, 14 at 23:08
I have a briggs and stratton mower. When the spark plug boot is attached to the spark plug it wont start but when the boot is off the spark plug and close enough for the spark to jump it will run. Any thoughts on this would be appreciated |
Follow-Up Postings:
Inside the ignition wire, there is a small metal cylinder that slides over the metal end of the spark plug, making an electrical contact. If you were to slide the spark plug boot along the wire, so you can gain access to this part, you could make it slightly oval shaped with pliers. Not too much, just squeeze it a little, so it fits over the spark plug more tightly. Then slide the boot back into position, and you should have a good connection. |
- Posted by MantonJohn none (My Page) on Wed, Jan 22, 14 at 16:42
Post all of the numbers off of you engine, please.... |
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"This game will grab you and it will not let you go"
Featured on the front page of iPhoneAppReview.com, iPhone Gamer UK, Naber Central, and more!
Bubble poppin' fun! Cartoon-style bubble shooter done to perfection with multiple enemy types and special bubbles to shoot.
– SIMPLE but deep gameplay: Just touch anywhere on the screen to shoot your bubble. The levels increase in difficulty and speed over time.
– HAPPY colored animated bubbles with a bumpin' fun-time soundtrack and sound effects.
– THREE cool special bubbles to shoot. Meteor: Smash your way through.
Rainbow: Match any colored bubbles.
Bomb: Blow everything up around you. The higher the level you get to, the more likely these will appear!
– STREAKS of matching shots will reward you with chain bonuses. Also, destroy lots of bubbles at once and get extra points!
– 48 fun levels to play!
– World high score leaderboard and achievements system.
"I've played many bubble shooters and this game is one of the few premium high quality games to get. Very polished and controls are precise to use. It's fun yet challenging to play and the use of a strategical mind is helpful but yet still retains its casual type of play. Lots of work went into this game by the dev and it shows throughout. I highly recommend this game to all."
"Schöne Grafik
Gute steuerung
"Das Spiel macht richtig Laune, kann gar nicht verstehen warum's noch keine Bewertungen hat, dabei ist es ja momentan kostenlos. Und bei 48 Leveln kann man auch beim Umfang nicht meckern"
"wow.. love this game!!!!!!!"
"This game is really addictive, every aspect of this game is fun, even the menus have popping bubbles which is really fun and satisfying. Definitely a must have, you won't regret!"


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Situated in a forest, this is a nice place to stay for a perfect break. Nevertheless I was here with my colleagues for a business trip for three days, where we had presentations between us. The rooms were quite small and sound proof. The restaurant was good, as well the swimming pool and the staff members were pleasing. Overall a... More
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Expedia, Priceline, Travelocity and Odigeo so you can book your Waldhotel Berghof reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.


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Welcome to F.I.E.L.D.- the First Ismaili Electronic Library and Database. Guests are not required to login during this beta-testing phase
2008-09-14 Syria
Karim al-Hussayni (Aga Khan) who is seeking to educate the world on the wealth of Muslim culture.
AFP- Thumbnail
- Big-thumbnail
- Gal-thumbnail
- Small-thumbnail
- 22776 reads


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Should you have any problems with your Nissan 240SX Starter parts order, feel free to contact us so we can correct it. Auto parts and more specifically Nissan 240SX Starter parts are what we do best. Join the Nissan 240SX Starter online parts revolution and order Nissan 240SX Starter auto parts from us. Buy your auto parts on your schedule. Stop buying from Nissan 240SX Starter parts stores that outsource their phone support abroad. Our secure online payment system is much safer than using your credit card at your local retailer. We always display our lowest prices.
Dale M. - Mira Loma, CA: I received the parts I ordered in a very timely manner. The web site was easy to navigate and find the parts. They were also the best price I could find of any of the websites I view. Thanks.
Gene G. - Woodland Hills, CA: Everything arrived fine, in good time and I appreciate your service. You can be sure I will return. Thanks.


text:
Essar Energy's operations straddle the global power, and oil and gas industries with existing operations and projects under development in both.
The company is one of India's largest private power producers with a 14-year operating track record. Its power business currently has seven operational power plants in India and one in Algoma, Canada, with a total installed generation capacity of 3,910 MW.
In the oil and gas sector, the company has 15 blocks and fields for the exploration and production of oil and gas in India, Indonesia, Madagascar, Nigeria and Vietnam. Total reserves and resources across these blocks is 2,034 mmboe.
Essar Energy's refining and marketing business consists of the Vadinar refinery, the second-largest private sector refinery in India, and the Stanlow refinery in the United Kingdom.
Essar Energy serves retail customers in India through a modern, countrywide network of over 1,400 operational and another 300 under-construction retail fuel outlets.
In India, the company operates its oil and gas business through Essar Oil, which is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India.


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Dameron Hospital Summer 2012 - page 7
Hello all; Has anyone heard from Dameron?... Read More
0Aug 31, '12 by NursesRock88I believe ----------- is the med/tele manager. And I'm feeling just as anxious as the rest of you. Anxiety is killing me! My phone has 3% left.Last edit by dianah on Sep 1, '12 : Reason: Terms of Service re: posting names/identifiers
0Aug 31, '12 by NursesRock88Got the call too!!!! So pleased that we will get to be coworkers!!!! Congrats!!!!🎉
0Sep 5, '12 by NursesRock88Did anyone get an " official call" from HR yet? I'm wondering when background checks & physicals are needed?
0Sep 5, '12 by edithjgOh good someone posted that. I was going to ask the same thing but didn't want to come off as inpatient so I was going to wait a couple more hours lol. No, I have not received an official call. I'm guessing they were busy due to the Holiday, but I do remember them saying we would get one this week so hopefully later on today.
0Sep 5, '12 by NursesRock88Thanks for the reply @edithjg.... I was going to wait a couple of hours too but was expecting the same reason for the delay. Hopefully soon because I want to get things rolling even though we dont officially start until Oct 15th


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Results 1 to 2 of 2
hi, I had Red hat fedora and win xp installed and working fine on my system till a few days back. I decided to try out Unbuntu linux, and backed ...
Enjoy an ad free experience by logging in. Not a member yet? Register.
- 06-26-2005 #1
- Join Date
- Aug 2004
- Posts
- 17
Can't boot winxp after installing ubuntu
Filesystem type is fat, partition type 0xc
chainloader +1
and then nothing happens.
I tried Booting with WinXP CD in recovery mode and tried "fixmbr"command but all it does is, show up a message "NTLDR missing". The same message appears if I try re-installing it(and not formatting) it. However, if i boot in Ubuntu, and mount my other partitions I can see them fine. I am stuck, can anyone help me.
Someone at work suggested me to write first 512 bytes of a working system using the DD command in linux and then writing it in your fist 512 bytes. Will that work? Pls suggest, your help is appreciated.
Another thing, while I was installing Ubuntu, it flashed a message that root account will be disabled by default. How do I enable it. It only gives me a Root Terminal in the GUI.
Thanks in advance .
Your help is appreciated
I can post the grub config file if that would help but I had a look at it and its pretty much the same (i mean the message that i wrote earlier)
- 06-27-2005 #2
This topic should help you out alot
http://www.linuxforums.org/forum/top...ighlight=ntldr\"TTFN Taa Taa For Now\" by Tigger in Winnie the Pooh
http://www.distrowatch.com Linux Distros
We Live in a Windows World but there is Linux to save the day


text:
Oct 8, 2012 10:35 AM by Associated Press
VENTURA, Calif. (AP) - An environmental group says wells near a Central California forest are using fracking, an oil and gas extraction method that some fear can contaminate groundwater.
Los Padres ForestWatch says hydraulic fracturing was used in at least four wells last year and three wells this year in the Sespe Oil Field near Los Padres National Forest.
Fracking involves pumping pressurized water into rock to fracture it and release hydrocarbons. The federal Bureau of Land Management said last year that fracking may have occurred in virtually all of the 200 wells in the Sespe field.
Western States Petroleum Association spokesman Tupper Hull tells the Ventura County Star that there type of fracking used in California differs from that used elsewhere. He says there have been no reported impacts on groundwater.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
Offensive or inappropriate comments are subject to removal. To report a comment, please e-mail us at firstname.lastname@example.com, and include the name of the story and information on the comment.
Thank you! KSBY.com
14 hours ago


text:
Role-playing games are more freeform today than ever before, but that's come at a cost. Over the past ten years I've noticed a gentle slide away from character classes, with an emphasis on building whatever character you like.
On paper it's a great solution, but something special gets lost in the process. Here are nine of the best or most memorable RPG classes, excluding more obvious choices like the fun but generic Warriors and Paladins. I've probably forgotten an absolute corker, so feel free to let me know in the comments below.
1. Sorcerer - Dragon's Dogma
Plenty of other games have worn the badge, but only Dragon's Dogma nails this one with style. After many hours of training up your magical skills, the Sorcerer class opens up a whole new world of utterly ridiculous stuff to do. Skyrim's magic is a bit of a laugh, but you can't beat the ability to whip up a whirlwind that's a hundred feet high. Meteor strikes from the sky are a bonus.


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Are you having trouble finding the time to take a week or more off work to attend a training class? Are you looking for the same type of high quality training found in a live classroom environment, but on YOUR time schedule instead? With Internetwork Expert's CCIE Security Advanced Technologies Class-on-Demand series, you'll always be able to find the time, because the training will be available to you in a recorded format 24 hours a day 7 days a week.
Internetwork Expert's CCIE Security Advanced Technologies DVD Class-on-Demand series is a self-paced version of our CCIE Security Advanced Technologies Class Online (IEATC-SC-ONL). The Class-on-Demand series offers our two-week lecture class in a convenient recorded video format which allows you to learn the highly complex CCIE technologies on a schedule that works for you!
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Please take a look at the branch form my peach tree. This is a "flat wonderful" peach tree in zone 5. The first year I thought it was dead as all the buds died back, but then it regrew and shot up nicely. Year 2 the majority of the year one growth died back in the spring, but again it came back and reached 8 feet tall with a nice spread. I just went and took a look at it now and the young branches look spotted just as they did last year when they didn't grow back. Any help? Can it be saved? Thank you |
Follow-Up Postings:
To me that sounds like winter cold injury. There isn't much you can do except prune out the dead wood after it starts to push new growth. |
Make sure you are spraying an anti-fungal agent on your peach tree each spring. They are prone to several diseases that can wipe out and kill the tree. I had an 18-20 ft tall flat peach tree that died due to this. |
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text: In 1989, N.W.A. (Niggas With Attitude) flashed the label nigga like a racial firearm. Now meet the Bytches With Problems. They're black, they're mad and they're women. Men beware: Kicking hard beats and rapping with venom over catchy '70s funk samples, these girls try to nail all the guys who have done them wrong. Sure, there's a lot of gratuitous sex and violence, but no more so than in anything by Ice Cube, a former member of N.W.A. who set the rap world on fire last year with his solo album, Amerikkka's Most Wanted. Still, their own record company had to announce it had censored the material. Such foul language from the mouths of women is apparently still taboo, even in rap. With their music slightly edited, the Bytches still pose a threat. They tear apart male society, talk about sex graphically from a woman's point of view, and spell out fantasies in which they get back at cheating boyfriends or, in a song called ''Two Minute Brother,'' mock not-so-potent lovers. Few inner-city women talk as bluntly, and I bet women everywhere deep down know exactly what the Bytches are talking about. B


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The cherished and respected story of J. M. Barrie's children's classic "Peter Pan" will come to high-flying life this week in the Dixon Center as the dancers of Cleveland City Ballet take to the air.
The story has been interpreted by dozens of theater groups and dance companies and symphonies the world over. There have been numerous films about this impish character first created by J. M. Barrie, including films about Barrie himself.
The very fact that this story and these characters continue to live on gives testimony to their worth and their place in the world of children's literature. This production on May 9, 10 and 11 will feature the five lead characters flying over the stage.
The Foy Company, known the world over for the special effects of flight, will be arriving in Cleveland and rigging the hardware that enables the dancers to "fly" in the Dixon Center on the Lee University campus. Three full stage backdrops will move the story from the nursery in London to the island of Neverland to the ship deck of the Jolly Roger, Captain Hook's pirate ship.
Other special effects such as ground fog will be employed to enhance and enrich the story. And even though there are only five lead characters — Peter, Tinkerbell, Wendy, Michael and John and nine other supporting characters — the entire studio will be involved in the story.
The basic story has been stretched to include "The Fairies Ballet," "The Stars Ballet" and "The Indian Ballet." In these short "ballets," class groups will present segments that represent the fairies making a visit to the nursery before the arrival of Tinkerbell, the stars twinkling through the night as Peter and the Darling children fly to Neverland and the Indians making their presence known on the island of Neverland.
Director Connie Gatlin said, "Everyone wanted to be a part so we created roles so that all of our students could be featured. This production not only culminates months of work and rehearsal, but considerable investment as well."
"It's a truly special event. Very few arts organizations can claim a 75 year tenure in any community, and we're proud to be a part of that history. We wanted to mark it well and showcase all of these young performers in the process," she added.
In the fall of 1936, Frances Gould began the first dance studio in Cleveland, teaching in the old Parish Hall of St. Luke's Episcopal Church. Her dedication to dance inspired several young women, one of whom, Paula Duff, became the next owner of this studio. Another young woman, Carolyn Clark, opened her own studio and for decades was an instructor in our community. Upon Clark's retirement, she merged her studio back with that of Paula Duff. Gatlin became the fourth owner of this business and renamed it the Cleveland City Ballet.
The music for this production is a combination of four different Peter Pan symphonies created by Carmen DeLeon, Jason Warbeck, Silvio Amato and Jason Woods
Performances are May 9 and 10 at 7 p.m. at the Dixon Center on the Lee campus. The third performance is Saturday at 10 a.m. Tickets are available this week at the Cleveland City Ballet Studios in the Old Woolen Mill. Any remaining tickets will be sold at the theater. Gatlin encourages everyone to get their tickets early because they are selling quickly.
Leads performing in this production are Jaida McKeel as Peter Pan; Laurel McGaha as Wendy Darling; Emory McKeel as Tinkerbell; Elliott Brock as Michael Darling and Lee Webb as John Darling. Supporting cast includes Morgan Ainsworth as Captain Hook; Elizabeth Shelton as Tiger Lily; Abby Brown as The Shadow; Chloe Jenkins as Neverbird; Breanna Melton as Smee; Stella Buckner as Blackamoor; Kevin Roberts as Mr. Darling; Hannah Horowitz as Mrs. Darling and Chelsey Kimsey as Nana.
Understudies are Michael: Sarah Anderson; John: Sydney Gobble; Wendy: Chloe Jenkins; Tinkerbell: Kyndall Hutson; Tiger Lily: Avianna Duerr; Neverbird: Anna Thompson; and Shadow: Breanna Melton.
Dancers performing in various roles are Maggie Arrowood, Hailee Barnett, Reese Creekmore, Emma Fannon, Amelia DeBord, Eve Goforth, Kaley Brown, Jenna Edgeworth, Avri Lowe, Allie Owenby, Ryann Presswood, Sadie Wielfaert, Taylor Killingsworth, Caroline Buol, Lynlee Hodge, Kaitilyn Rogers, Amelia Ohlsson, Audralyn Baggett, Kaitlyn Hewitt, Abigail Kitterman, James Arrowood, Emily Chavis, Madison Creekmore, Dawson Durrett, Maizie Gillespie, Chelsey Goodwin, Lily Bradney, McKennah Pritchard, Miah Pritchard, Ashley Kitterman, Sloan Trewhitt, Charissa Tucker, Chloe Creekmore, Kennadee Womack, Madison Creekmore, Victoria Majeske, Cheyenne Donohoo, Autumn Fryar, Jennah Pritchard, Annalyse Baggett, Emily Chavis, Hollie Delk, Annabelle Pelley, Dara Burton, Breanna DeVane, Evie Tolley and Chelsey Goodwin.
Other dancers in the ballet are Mary Evelyn Beasley, Sophie Ellis, Kate Matson, Ava Robbins, Sydney Schaefer, Lucy Crick, Chloe Ryeson, Abby Winters, Ellen Adams, Addie Beth Cord, Dixie Crisp, Katelyn Gallaher, Elizabeth Gunter, Mallory Matson, Madeline McNeal, Lenore Sanders, Selah Tucker, Cara Campbell, Roxy Gibson, Emma Claire Smith, Skylar Stiles, Madison Jackson, Sophie Barker, Addison Stevenson, Addison Brock, Bella Hicks, Paige Moody, Cecily Pogue, David Cantrell, Megan Hood, Liz Hooker, Ella Nunn, Joyce Chen, Shelby Keller, Emma Miles, Sophie Phillips, Madison Van Hook, Elena Burton, Madison Collins, Tiffany Croft, Leah Hitchcock, Oliva Lawson, Elizabeth Myers, Gabrielle Thompson, Ellie Waters, Matthew Arrington, Laney Copeland, Madison Jackson, Reagan McKinley, Anna Pritchard, Sarah Pritchard, Addie Thompson, Allie Oliver, Elsa Thompson, Madison Van Hook, Ellie Waters, Major Waters, Lydia Campbell, Sydney Gobble, Phoebe Han, Destiny Shreve, Jessica Bausch, Nikki Lewis, Sarah Redmond, Morgan Ainsworth, Abby Brown, Addison Brock, Gracie Anderson, Kennedy Smith, Liz Hooker, Keri Parks, Lily Beth Starks, Emma Thompson, Olivia Lawson, Laney Brown, Elena Burton and Shelby Keller.


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The economic crisis has most of us worried about a lot of things. How will I retire? How will I pay the mortgage? Will I have enough ammo and MREs to outlast crazed "urban" hordes marauding the countryside?
I'm especially worried about the last one after seeing Glenn Beck's show on Fox News raising apocalyptic free-for-all as a very real possibility. With ominous music and images of swarthy people burning American flags, refugees, rioters, and military on the move, it was the very definition of public-service reporting, if by "public service" you mean "losing your mind."
Beck is the happy face of the fever swamps, just recently departed from CNN's Headline News (or HNN—who cares?) and finding a home at News Corp., publisher, among other things, of The Wall Street Journal and the Sunday Tasmanian.
For his grim duty to prepare the American people, Beck even has the help of The Wall Street Journal editorial board (Fox News's corporate cousin) in the guise of Stephen Moore, who proffers a more pecuniary paranoia.
The Journal edit page shares the spotlight with Gerald Celente, last seen being a paranoid creep in a fun New Yorker article in January:
The convention's opening speaker was a trend forecaster named Gerald Celente, who registered the domain name panicof08.com in the fall of 2007, anticipating what he called "an economic 9/11"…
Privately, Celente stressed to me that he's "very optimistic," because out of chaos comes greatness ("When you look at the Renaissance, it happened after the last Dark Age"), at least for those who are prepared. On the morning of the actual 9/11, in 2001, Celente had called his girlfriend in New York and told her to withdraw all her money and meet him at his house upstate, in Rhinebeck. She said, "Oh, Gerald, you're kidding." He wasn't kidding. He called his bank and asked them to wire all his money to Rhinebeck. They said, "Sorry, Mr. Celente, we can't. Wall Street is closed." He felt fortunate to have some gold. He thought of Indian Point, the nuclear power plant fifty miles down the Hudson, as another potential target, and immediately filled up both of his cars with gas, bought bags of dried figs, dates, and raisins, and readied his Chinese SKS rifle. ("It's accurate, it's light, it's simple: knock it down, put it back together in no time.") He figured he could be in Canada in four hours. "So when it happened, I was ready to move," he said. "Same thing with this. My money's out of the banks. I'm only interested in gold."
So, perhaps it's not surprising that in response to Beck's scenario that in five years unemployment is at 12 percent, the Dow is at 2,800, U.S. credit is no longer AAA, and, hilariously: "Government and unions control most of the business," Celente says this:
BECK: OK. What is life like — under that scenario — what is life like in 2014 for America?
CELENTE: New York City looks like Mexico City. If you have money or they think you're going to have money, you're going to be a target for a kidnapping. We're going to see major cities look like Calcutta. There is going to be the homeless, panhandlers, hookers… It's going to be serious. It's going to be — we are going to see petty thieves and we're going to see pick-pockets.
Oy! Petty thieves and pick-pockets?
But Celente thinks it will get much worse than that. See if you can untangle the subtext of the remarks that follow a nutty interlude from an Ayn Rand Institute official and a nudge from the Journal edit-board's Moore:
BECK: What — tell me what life is like for the average person… Are we still living in our homes? (Ryan here: Because our biggest problem right now is a shortage of homes. Genius.)
MOORE: Think gated communities. I mean, you were talking about this before. You know, those countries you were talking about like cities like Mexico City. Those are — the rich people live in fortresses, right? With armed guards and the masses are — as you said, people get kidnapped when they go outside the fortress, and you essentially privatize security and all the other kind of government functions because government breaks down. Isn't that what happens.
CELENTE: And the other thing, even these — even these gated communities won't be safe, because you're going to see criminality — you're going to see gangs like you've never seen before… I mean, you look at high school graduation rates — you have under 50 percent in major cities. So, now you have all these people — I'm not a classist, I'm a guy that was born in the Bronx, you know…


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This is a great towing vehicle The voice activated Phone Works really well [best feature] Very good looking .Has good proportions Drives as good as 2011 ML 300cdi Amg Sports-$80K+
Almost 3000km of some of the world's most testing terrain put Jeep's popular four-wheel-drive to the test.
Jeep's radical looking Cherokee is a convincing soft roader that still has the smarts for adventurous types.
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If you see www. comments of the Jeep Patriot from both former owners & experts it says it all. The car lot gave a new $21,000 car as a compassionate generous gift to an innocent crime victim girl...
Tattooed off-roader is an intriguing east-meets-west exercise from American icon.
Absolutely terrible off road especially on sand, engine overheats, back in garage too many times to remember
This purchase was a toss up between a Subaru XV. The XV does not look as sexy as the Jeep, but I think the reliability of the Subaru would have been better.


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Join our talented Winemaker, Isabelle Meunier, for a fabulous pre-holiday, multi-course feast at Paulée Restaurant and opportunity to taste the most coveted Evening Land gems from the present along with a few special selections from our cellar. We expect this event to sell out so please make your reservations early by contacting the restaurant at 503-538-7970.
Evening Land Vineyards Dinner at Paulée
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Product #: GAL9780635105677_TQBusiness Ethics and Etiquette for High School (Resource Book Only) eBookGrade 6|Grade 7|Grade 8|Grade 9|Grade 10|Grade 11|Grade 12Ships Free!
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Business Ethics and Etiquette for Students-You Must Know These! introduces students to workplace etiquette and ethics. This knowledge will set you apart from the crowd when you start your first, or future, job.
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CH-1 Chevie Series Booth Bench
CH-1 Features:
The Chevie series booth bench is is constructed fully upholstered, featuring a 18" seat height and a 36" overall height back with a tufted Chevie "V" shape Headroll with 11 vertical channels at 4" centers. A classic design with a two layered baseboard. Modular construction allows easy replacement of end caps, seats and backs. The baseboard is solid pine board covered with heavy duty, scuff resistant vinyl as a standard or laminated as an option. This attractive booth is offered in two colors of upholstery at no extra charge. See the Options Page to see the 1/2 circle and Wall Booth options. |
Click Here to View the Bench Options
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Daniel McCauley, Palm Beach Central High School student, dies after wreck near Okeeheelee Park
WEST PALM BEACH — A 17-year-old varsity football player and wrestler was killed in a car wreck near Okeeheelee Park this morning.
Daniel McCauley, a junior at Palm Beach Central High School, died at Delray Medical Center where he was transported by Trauma Hawk this morning.
McCauley, of Wellington, was driving a beige Jeep Wrangler, in suburban West Palm Beach, eastbound near the entrance to the park on Forest Hill Boulevard around 8:30 a.m., said Palm Beach County Fire Rescue spokesman Capt. Don DeLucia.
The teen lost control, left the roadway and struck a pole, said Palm Beach County Sheriff's spokesman Eric Davis.
McCauley was a linebacker for the school's varsity football team and a varsity wrestler.
Palm Beach Central head football coach Rod Harris said grief counselors are at the school today and the football team will be meeting after school.
"We lost a family member. That's first and foremost. We have to talk about the fun times we had with the kids and remember that. There are a lot of grieving kids. Teenagers are emotional," Harris said before pausing. "We're all emotional. We have to make sure they're OK first."
Harris said McCauley was a "great kid" who did well in school and was "always happy, always smiling."
"There's no good thing to say. It was his time. God thought it was his time," Harris said.
McCauley's older brother, David, was a previous captain of the football team and graduated from the school in 2010.
The brothers also played in the Western Communities Football League where their father was a coach.
Gabriel Terry, who recently signed with the Miami Hurricanes and was a state champion wrestler this year, was good friends with McCauley.
Terry wrote on his Facebook page that McCauley was his wrestling partner and said he "wouldn't be a champion wrestler without Danny."
"You are a champion at life," he wrote.


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Wed, Mar 7, 12 at 16:14
Hello, I have a very healthy, very vigorous Lady Elsie May rose that doesn't go with much in my garden! Does anyone know if Princess Alexandra of Kent David Austin rose would look good next to it? The colors in the pictures I've seen seem to be similar....that coral, slightly orangey pink.
While we're on the subject of colors, do you think Munstead Wood DA rose would go well alongside a light pink...say, St. Swithun? It is so beautiful in the pictures, but it seems like it, too, may be hard to place in the garden. |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by amberroses 10a-Pinellas Co.FL (My Page) on Wed, Mar 7, 12 at 22:50
Funny you should ask, I'm about two days away from my first spring flush of my new PAK and Munstead Wood roses. I will try to report back my observations. |
- Posted by amberroses 10a-Pinellas Co.FL (My Page) on Fri, Mar 9, 12 at 15:14
It's a medium warm pink. The under side of the petals is darker than the top. Here it is with Souvenir de la Malmaison. |
- Posted by vickysgarden 5 (My Page) on Sun, Apr 1, 12 at 18:44
Thanks so much for taking the time to post these beautiful photos!! I think I will place Munstead Wood next to St. Swithun, a light pink, rather than the medium pink Princess Alexandra. Photos do help, as a picture is worth a thousand words. Thanks much! |
Thanks for showing us Princess Alexandra of Kent. I've had my eye on her since she first made her debut. Keep us posted on her progress throught the season (like disease-resistance)--OK? Thanks. Kate |
Lovely photos. I like..... :>) |
- Posted by amberroses 10a-Pinellas Co.FL (My Page) on Mon, Apr 2, 12 at 15:29
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Complete Jewish Bible (CJB) | New International Version (NIV) |
12 Their whole bodies, including their backs, hands and wings, and also the wheels, were full of eyes all around - even the wheels of the four k'ruvim. | 12 Their entire bodies, including their backs, their hands and their wings, were completely full of eyes, as were their four wheels. |
Complete Jewish Bible Copyright 1998 by David H. Stern. Published by Jewish New Testament Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. Used by permission. (The Complete Jewish Bible Online) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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Related Research and Educational Efforts
Universities across the nation are involved in educational programs and research that consider and involve volunteer water quality monitoring.
Information on this page will provide you with a general overview of such activities, and whenever possible will provide you with links or contact information for those most intimately involved with these projects so that you can learn more about them.
We'll be adding to the information provided on this page as we learn about programs and research, so please let us know if you know of or are involved with research or educational efforts related to volunteer water quality monitoring.
Thanks to those who have sent us references to use on this page!
The Volunteer Monitor newsletter recently referenced our website as a location to find lists of volunteer monitoring-related studies. Choose from the following three lists developed by Ellie Ely:
Volunteer-Collected Data in Published Research Papers
Volunteer Monitoring Validation Studies Published in Science Journals
Additional Examples of Publications Referencing Volunteer Data
Alternatively, for access to these and additional research projects related to volunteer monitoring, sorted by topic area, click on one of the links below:
Aquatic Organism Identification
Beach Monitoring
Chlorophyll Levels in Lakes
Coral Reefs
E. Coli Bacteria Monitoring
Ecological Monitoring Techniques
Fundraising Technique - Hosting A House Party
Macroinvertebrate Bioassessment
Master Water Educators
Monitoring Biodiversity
Multiple Topics (Volunteer Monitor newsletter)
Online Agriculture and Water Database
On-farm Monitoring with Volunteers
Plankton Studies
Secchi Disc and Transparency Tube Studies
Starting a Program
Vernal Pool Monitoring
Volunteer-Collected Data in Published Research Papers (as referenced in the Volunteer Monitor newsletter)
Volunteer Monitoring Validation Studies (as referenced in the Volunteer Monitor newsletter)
Volunteer vs. Professional Monitoring
Volunteer Monitoring as a Tool to Active Community Participation
Aquatic Organism Identification or Characterization
Delaney, D.G., C.D. Sperling, C. Adams, and B. Leung. 2008. Marine invasive species: Validation of citizen science and implications for national monitoring networks. Biological Invasions 10:117-128. The crab distribution and abundance findings reported in this article are all based on volunteer data.
Ellis, S.L., and D.F. Cowan. 2001. Volunteer-based monitoring of juvenile American lobster, Homarus americanus. Marine and Freshwater Research 52(8):1103-1112. Article reports volunteer-collected density, size, and abundance data on juvenile lobsters in Maine.
Harvey, E., D. Fletcher, and M. Shortis. 2001. A comparison of the precision and accuracy of estimates of reef-fish lengths determined visually by divers with estimates produced by a stereo-video system. Fishery Bulletin 99:63-71.
Hodgson, G. 1999. A global assessment of human effects on coral reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38(5):345-355. All data for this research study were collected by teams of trained recreational divers with the Reef Check program. Participants identified indicator organisms (fish and invertebrates) and substrate types. www.reefcheck.org/about_RC_Reef/Publications.php
Esperanza Stancioff is Maine's statewide coordinator for a new program funded through EPA, the Maine Coastal Swim Beach Program. The program will work with regional labs to process water quality samples for coastal beaches. Samples will be collected by volunteers for Enterococci for the 2003 season. The regional labs will be: a private lab (Microbac), a sewage treatment district lab, and three volunteer labs. The three volunteer labs will be using Enterolert method by IDEXX. The certified labs are both using the membrane filtration for 24 hrs. The program will work with the private lab to do a side by side study of the 2 methods. For more information about the study, contact Esperanza Stancioff, at the University of Maine Cooperative Extension, firstname.lastname@example.com.
Bachmann, R. W., M.V. Hoyer and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2003 Predicting the frequencies of high chlorophyll levels in Florida lakes from average chlorophyll or nutrient data. Lake and Reservoir Management 19(3): 229-241.
Brown, C.D., M.V. Hoyer, R.W. Bachmann, and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2000. Nutrient-chlorophyll relationships: An evaluation of empirical nutrient-chlorophyll models using Florida and north-temperate lake data. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57:1574-1583.
G. Hogdson designed a program for volunteers to use to assess the effects humans have on coral reefs. Participants in the program, called Reef Check, assessed 300 reefs in a 2.5 month time period. Results of their research are available as a pdf file (542 KB). The full citation is: Hodgson, G. 1999. A global assessment of human effects on coral reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 38 (5) 345-355. The Reef Check website is: http://www.reefcheck.org/
E. coli Bacteria Monitoring
Volunteer water quality monitoring programs in the states of Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin have teamed up to evaluate several types of e. coli monitoring test kits for use with volunteers and to develop a comprehensive training and education program regarding bacteria monitoring. The premise of the research is that the public is demanding increased water quality monitoring to ensure our waters are protected from various types of runoff that causes elevated pathogen and bacteria levels in the water. However, improperly trained volunteers may gather and distribute water quality sample data without an understanding of pollutant source or proper sampling techniques. For more information about this project contact Barb Liukkonen at the University of Minnesota at email@example.com. Website link
Hoyer, M.V, J.L. Donze, E.J. Schulz, D.J. Willis, and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2006. Total coliform and Escherichia coli counts in 99 Florida lakes with relations to some common limnological factors. Lake and Reservoir Management 22(2):141-150.
Researchers in Virginia developed and validated a citizen monitoring method for assessing the ecological condition of streams in the Coastal Plain and Lower Piedmont Regions of Virginia using aquatic macroinvertebrates.
Gowan, C., et al. 2007. "Stream Monitoring Methods Suitable for Citizen Volunteers Working in the Coastal Plain and Lower Piedmont Regions of Virginia." American Entomologist 53(1): 48-57
The Ohio Environmental Council is a statewide nonprofit advocacy organization based in Columbus. Recently, they realized than 90 percent of the organization's budget came from grants, which they recognized as something that needed to be addressed. Read about their creative strategy for hosting a house party to raise funds for the organization. Reprinted with permission from the Grassroots Fundraising Journal (http://www.grassrootsfundraising.org). >> View this article (21 KB pdf file)
Initiating a Program
Researchers Ruth Anne Hanahan and Caitlin Cottrill at the Tennessee Water Resources Research Center compared Alabama Water Watch, Georgia Adopt-a-Stream, and Kentucky Water Watch in order to understand how the programs were implemented, to learn from their experiences, and to make a recommendation about formulating a similar program in Tennessee. The results of their research are linked as a 132 KB pdf file from this web page.
Lakes Studies
Caffrey, A.J., M.V. Hoyer, and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2007. Factors affecting the maximum depth of colonization by submersed macrophytes in Florida lakes. Lake and Reservoir Management 23:287-297.
Bruhn, L.C., and P.A. Soranno. 2005. Long term (1974-2001) volunteer monitoring of water clarity trends in Michigan lakes and their relation to ecoregion and land-use/cover. Lake and Reservoir Management 21(1):10-23. This study uses Secchi data from Minnesota's Citizen Lake Monitoring Program to analyze trends on 71 lakes.
Hoyer, M.V., C.A. Horsburgh, Daniel E. Canfield, Jr., and Roger W. Bachmann. 2005. Lake level and trophic state variables among a population of shallow Florida lakes and within individual lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62:2760-2769.
Havel, J.E. and K.R. Pattinson. 2004. Spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of plankton in a terminal multiple-series reservoir. Lake and Reservoir Management 20(1): 14-26. (this one cites Lakes of Missouri Volunteer Program data)
Hoyer, M.V., C.D. Brown and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2004. Relations between water chemistry and water quality as defined by lake users in Florida. Lake and Reservoir Management 20(3): 240-248.
Macdonald, R.H., G.A. Lawrence, and T.P. Murphy. 2004. Operation and evaluation of hypolimnetic withdrawal in a shallow eutrophic lake. Lake and Reservoir Management 20(1):39-53. A 9-year Secchi depth dataset collected by volunteer monitors was the main data used in evaluating the effects of a drawdown on a Canadian lake.
Tugend, K.I. And M.S. Allen. 2004. Changes in the plant and fish communities in enhanced littoral areas of Lake Kissimmee, Florida, following a habitat enhancement. Lake and Reserv. Manage. 20(1): 54-64.
Bachmann, R.W., M.V. Hoyer, and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2003. Predicting the frequencies of high chlorophyll levels in Florida lakes from average chlorophyll or nutrient data. Lake and Reservoir Management 19(3):229-241.
Bachmann, R.W., C.A. Horsburgh, M.V. Hoyer, L.K. Mataraza, and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2002. Relations between trophic state indicators and plant biomass in Florida lakes. Hydrobiologia 470:219-234.
In a study by the University of New Hampshire, Watershed Natural Resources Inventories (WNRIs) were produced by integrating Geographic Information System mapping and analyses with information from volunteer monitoring and natural resources inventories by stakeholder groups, as well as information from multi-agency collaborations. These WNRIs are used for watershed planning and pollution prevention. They found in creating these WNRIs that GIS is a valuable tool for disseminating information and communicating with the public. They also found that high tech analyses are necessary to understanding the picture of what is happening in a watershed, but education and outreach within the community which simplfy technical information have wider utility than do high tech analyses. For more information about this project, contact Jeff Schloss; email@example.com.
Hoyer, M.V., J. Winn, and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2001. Citizen monitoring of aquatic bird populations using a Florida lake. Lake and Reservoir Management 17(2):82-89. Note: The second author is a volunteer monitor! According to lead author Mark Hoyer, the volunteer made many significant contributions to the manuscript.
Terrell, J.B., D.L. Watson, M.V. Hoyer, M.S. Allen, and D.E. Canfield, Jr. 2000. Temporal water chemistry trends (1967-1997) for a sample (127) of Florida waterbodies. Lake and Reservoir Management 16(3):177-194.
Smeltzer, E., R.A. Kirn, and S. Fiske. 1999. Long-term water quality and biological effects of alum treatment of Lake Morey, Vermont. Lake and Reservoir Management 15:173-184. The study used Secchi data from the Vermont Lay Monitoring Program. www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/waterq/lakes/docs/lp_morey-alum-jlrm1999.pdf
Smeltzer. E., and S.A. Heiskary. 1990. Analysis and applications of lake user survey data. Lake and Reservoir Management 6(1):109-118. Secchi disk readings by the Vermont Lay Monitoring Program and Minnesota's Citizen Lake Monitoring Program, as well as professional chlorophyll and total phosphorus measurements on volunteer-collected water samples, were paired with user perceptions of lake quality. www.pca.state.mn.us/publications/reports/lqr-lakeusersurvey.pdf
Heiskary, S.A., and C.B. Wilson. 1989. The regional nature of lake water quality across Minnesota: An analysis for improving resource management. Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science 55(1)71-77. This analysis of hundreds of Minnesota lakes uses Secchi data collected between 1977 and 1987 by Minnesota's Citizen Lake Monitoring Program.
Macroinvertebrate Bioasessment
Engel, S., and J. Reese Voshell. 2002. Volunteer biological monitoring: Can it accurately assess the ecological condition of streams?" American Entomologist 48(3):164-177. www.usawaterquality.org/volunteer/RelatedResearch/Engel&VoshellAmerEnto20021.pdf
Fore, L.S., K. Paulsen, and K. O'Laughlin. 2001. Assessing the performance of volunteers in monitoring streams. Freshwater Biology 46:109-123. http://www.seanet.com/~leska/pubs/Fore_etal_2001_volunteers.pdf
Frost Nerbonne, J., and B. Vondracek. 2003. Volunteer macroinvertebrate monitoring: Assessing training needs through examining error and bias in untrained volunteers. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 22(1):152-163. VolMacroMonNerbonneVondracek.pdf
Gowan, C., M. Ruby, R. Knisley, and L. Grimmer. 2007. Stream monitoring methods suitable for citizen volunteers working in the Coastal Plain and Lower Piedmont regions of Virginia. American Entomologist 53(1):48-57.
Navis, N. and N. Gillies. 2001. A comparison of a professional method and a volunteer method for assessing stream health, including discussion of an improved volunteer method: USEPA's Rapid Bioassessment Protocol II vs. West Virginia Save Our Streams. Cacapon Institute, Science and Society Series Paper No. 2. High View, WV. http://www.cacaponinstitute.org/PDF/sci%20society%20No.2.PDF
Penrose, D., and S. M. Call. 1995. Volunteer monitoring of benthic macroinvertebrates: Regulatory biologists' perspectives. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 14(1):203-209.
Master Water Educator Program
The University of Kentucky operates a Master Water Educator Program. The program was initiated in 2001 and was designed to both protect and improve water quality in Kentucky as well as to assist County Extension agents with water quality programming. Linda Heaton can be contacted for more information about the program at firstname.lastname@example.com.
The Institute for Culture and Ecology is preparing a national handbook on participatory biodiversity inventory and monitoring. Their goal is to improve sustainable forest management on public and private lands in the United States. Learn more at their website: http://www.ifcae.org/projects/ncssf3/
Multiple Topics - Volunteer Monitor newsletter
The national newsletter of volunteer water quality monitoring, The Volunteer Monitor , sponsored in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, has been published for a number of years and allows for the exchange of ideas, sharing of monitoring methods among volunteer monitoring groups across the nation. A number of Cooperative Extension connected programs were highlighted in recent issues of the newsletter, including Florida LAKEWATCH, Alabama Water Watch, New Hampshire's Lakes Lay Monitoring Program, Washington State University's Beach Watchers, and this national faciliation project on volunteer water quality monitoring. Check out recent issues of the Volunteer Monitor at: http://www.epa.gov/owow/monitoring/volunteer/issues.htm.
We have also provided links to articles about specific programs from the Winter 2003 issue Volume 15 Number 1 edition of the newsletter:
Cooperative Extension/Volunteer Monitoring Partnerships
New Hampshire Participatory Research
Reliability of Florida LAKEWATCH data
Monitoring in Alabama and the Philippines
Beachwatchers Survey Intertidal Zone (from Winter 2002 issue Volume 14, number 1)
he Water Quality Information Center at the National Agricultural Library has made available an improved version of its database of online documents covering water and agriculture. The new version allows you to locate freely available online documents in several ways: * from an alphabetical list of titles * by subject areas, such as nutrient management * by searching the database for specific topics, titles, authors or publishers More than 1,700 documents are currently available. The database is online at http://www.nal.usda.gov/wqic/ Since links to documents often change, please notify us at firstname.lastname@example.com if you are unable to access a document in the database. Also, please send suggestions for additions to the database to firstname.lastname@example.com.
The Wisconsin Discovery Farms and Water Action Volunteers programs have joined forces in Wisconsin to monitor and learn about the impacts of farm practices on water quality. The program, called the Trained Local Samplers, works with people located in proximity to the Discovery Farms, teaching them how to properly take water samples and several other measurements that help determine stream health. A central training was held in the summer of 2002 and three on-farm trainings followed up that initial training and monitoring is now occuring at three Discovery Farms on an ongoing basis. For more information about the program, see a recent article in the winter/spring 2003 issue of Farm*A*Syst's Farm and Home Environmental Management Program News or visit the Discovery Farms website.
Shellfish Monitoring
Morton, S.L., Leighfield, T.A., Haynes, B.L., Petitpain, D.L., Busman, M.A., Moeller, P.D.R., Bean, L., Mcgowan, J., Hurst, J.W., and Van Dolah, F.M. 1999. Evidence of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning along the coast of Maine. Journal of Shellfish Research 18(2): 681-686.
Herbert, J., and D. Bass. 2007. Enhancing Phosphorus Reduction Strategies in the Kalamazoo River Basin Project, Volunteer Water Quality Monitoring Results, 2006 Growing Season.,TMDL fact sheet series No. 2. MSU Extension Land & Water Program. (108 KB pdf file)
Ott, J.A., R.M. Duffy, S.E. Erickson, K.S. Fuhr, B.A. Rodgers, and M.A. Schneider. 2006. Comparison of light limiting water quality factors in six Florida aquatic preserves. Florida Scientist 69(00S2):73-91. The study uses six years of monthly Secchi and salinity data from eight estuaries collected by the Charlotte Harbor Estuaries Volunteer Water Quality Monitoring Network. www.charlotteharbornep.org.
Anderson, P. and R.D. Davic. 2004 Use of transparency tubes for rapid assessment of total suspended solids and turbidity in streams. Lake and Reserv. Manage. 20(2): 110-120.
Macdonald, R.H., G.A. Lawrence and T.P. Murphy. 2004. Operation and evaluation of hypolimnetic withdrawal in a shallow eutrophic lake. Lake and Reserv. Manage. 20(1): 39-53. In this study, volunteers collected Secchi depths.
Stadelmann, T.H., P.L. Brezonik and S. Kloiber. 2001. Seasonal patterns of chlorophyll a and Secchi disk transparency in lakes of east-central Minnesota: Implications for design of ground- and satellite-based monitoring programs. Lake and Reserv. Manage. 17(4): 299-314. This study used data from a citizen-assisted monitoring program.
In New England, 52 citizen scientists were trained to map and monitor 262 vernal pools. The researchers found that "data on amphibian egg mass counts were not significantly different from data gathered by biologists".
Oscarson, D.B. and Calhoun, A.J.K., 2007. Developing Vernal Pool Conservation Plans at the Local Level Using Citizen Scientists. Wetlands. 27(1):80-95.
Four agricultural watersheds were targeted for determining more effective Extension communication strategies and for developing models to evaluate effectiveness of best management practices for improving water quality. Among other tasks (including a social survey and intensive monitoring), side by side testing with volunteer groups is being conducted in one of the watersheds to assess variability of citizen sampling and to evaluate the effectiveness of further training to reduce variability. For more information about this study contact Geoffrey Habron at Michigan State University; firstname.lastname@example.com.
A second study by Geoffrey Habron and others used open-ended responses to a pre- and post- test that involved a stream monitoring scenario design and answers to the following questions: What is a watershed? What makes a watershed of high quality? What make water of high quality? What is water pollution?
Results of this study have been published. You can access this information using the following reference:
Shepardson, D.P., J. Harbor, B. Coooper and J. McDonald. 2002. The impact of a professional development program on teachers' understandings about watersheds, water quality, and stream monitoring. The Journal of Environmental Education 33(3):34-40.
An "Evaluation of Citizen Volunteer Water Quality Monitoring In Minnesota" final report was published in April 2003 by Angie Becker Kudelka, of the Rivers Council of Minnesota and Geoff Dates of the River Network. The report describes an evaluation of volunteer monitoring in Minnesota, with mixed results - showing some good outcomes, and some areas that need improvement. The report is accessible online (204K pdf file) at: MNriversEval.pdf. It is also accessible through the Rivers Council of Minnesota website: http://www.minnesotawaters.org/.
Julia Frost Nerbonne and Bruce Vondracek from the Universtiy of Minnesota explored how well beginning volunteer monitors could sort and identify macroinvertebrates. as compared to professional entomologists. They trained volunteers how to sort and identify macroinvertebrates in a three hour session, then evaluated their sorting and identifying abilities in three follow-up sessions (in the three seasons that followed). They found that larger macroinvertebrates and those that moved more were more likely to be sorted than smaller organisms or those that were still in the sorting pans. Larger organisms and those whose family was shown as a photo on an identification card were more likely to be correctly identified. Their research results were published in the Journal of the North American Benthological Society, with this citation: Frost Nerbonne, J., and B. Vondracek. 2003. Volunteer macroinvertebrate monitoring: assessing training needs through examining error and bias in untrained volunteers. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 22(1) 152-163.
This paper is also available online at: VolMacroMonNerbonneVondracek.pdf. Julia can be contacted at: email@example.com
The Lakes of Missouri Volunteer Monitoring Program compared volunteer-generated data to research labortory data and found that data generated with volunteer help are of the same quality as that generated by a research laboratory. This research was published in 1998 in the Journal of Lake and Reservoir Management 14(1):21-27. It's titled "Evaluation of Data Generated from Lake Samples Collected by Volunteers" and is by the following authors: Obrecht, D.V., M. Milanik, B.D. Perkins, D. Ready and J.R. Jones. Here is a link to the Lakes of Missouri Volunteer Monitoring Program website where the paper is available for downloading: http://www.lmvp.org/documents/HTML/Obrecht1998.htm
Here's an abstract from the publication: "The goals of the Lakes of Missouri Volunteer Program are to involve citizens in the collection of water samples to monitor lake trophic state and to provide outreach education about lake water quality. Results indicate data generated with volunteer help are of the same quality as that generated by a research laboratory. This conclusion is based on three different methods of evaluation: (1) Comparison of volunteer and University collected samples showed trophic state classifications were the same for 74% of lakes based on total phosphorus, 84% for total nitrogen and 89% for chlorophyll; (2) Agreement between paired chlorophyll filters was assessed to gauge volunteer processing techniques; 88% of the filter pairs was considered good or excellent based on a rating scale developed for this program; (3) split sampling showed no significant differences for total suspended solids, chlorophyll or total nitrogen. Total phosphorus analysis showed a significant difference with volunteer samples being consistently less than University samples. Prior to analysis, volunteer samples for total phosphorus were stored frozen in high density polyethylene bottles while University samples were refrigerated in glass tubes. This difference in storage method may have caused the irregularity in our results."
In New Hampshire, the Upper Merrimack Monitoring Program (UMMP), coordinated by Michele Tremblay and Stephen Landry, has been coordinating efforts of volunteers to monitor the Merrimack River since 1995. Trained volunteers collect physical, chemical and biological data. Results for biological assessments made by volunteers were compared to results determined in a professional laboratory. For EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera - or highly sensitive orders of macroinertebrates) and family level biotic index, they found no difference between volunteer-generated results and contract laboratory results. However, the lab found significantly more families of macroinvertebrates than the volunteers did in the same samples. The full report is accessible online at: http://www.merrimackriver.org/_data/statistical2002.pdf
Researchers from Cornell Universitys Center for the Environment collaborated with faculty at Wells College to design a project to determine the extent of supervision by trained scientists required, if any, to ensure collection of high quality water monitoring data. The project was sited in the primarily agricultural Cayuga Lake watershed of upstate New York. It demonstrated that it is possible, in a relatively short time, to educate citizen volunteers in the techniques needed to collect and process fecal coliform samples. The data collected by the four monitoring arrangements were statistically significantly different on three out of four occasions. It was also demonstrated that volunteers with only a modest amount of training, when provided with appropriate taxonomic keys, can collect macroinvertebrate samples, identify organisms to family, and calculate appropriate metrics. Overall, the four groups arrived at similar assessments of water quality at all sites. For more information, contact Linda Wagenet, Cornell University Center for the Environment; firstname.lastname@example.com.
In 2002 Virginia Save Our Streams (SOS) announced results of a study completed by a graduate student and professor at Virginia Tech to evaluate the biological monitoring methods SOS has been using in Virginia. Stacy Brown, Staff Scientist with SOS, reported that "the evaluation and subsequent refinement of the VA SOS method has helped our program tremendously".
Sarah Engel and J. Reese Voshell published the results of their study in the fall 2002 issue of American Entomologist (48 (3): 164-177). The report is titled, "Volunteer Biological Monitoring: can it Accurately Assess the Ecological Condition of Streams?". Stacy Brown commented that the report "is a great illustration of how others might go about validating a biological monitoring method in their area". SOS received permission to distribute an electronic version of the paper, and we have provided a link to that document from this webpage.
In Washington, volunteer monitors were trained to use professional macroinvertebrate monitoring methods and to identify the macroinvertebrates to family level. Researchers Leske Fore, Kit Paulsen, and Kate O'Laughlin found that there was no significant difference between macroinvertebrate collections made by volunteers vs. those made by professionals. Further, there was only a 13% difference between the ability of volunteers to show differences in water quality between sites as compared to professional identiifcation levels. The results of this study are published with the following citation: Fore, L. S., K. Paulsen, and K. O'Laughlin. 2001. Assessing the Performance of Volunteers in Monitoring Streams. Freshwater Biology 46: 109-123. You can access the paper online at: http://www.seanet.com/~leska/pubs/Fore_etal_2001_volunteers.pdf
Canfield, D.E., Jr., C.D. Brown, R.W. Bachmann and M.V. Hoyer. 2002. Volunteer lake monitoring : Testing the reliability of data collected by the Florida LAKEWATCH program. Lake and Reserv. Manage. 18(1): 1-9.
In Wisconsin, a study was done to compare methods from multiple agencies and the Water Action Volunteers stream monitoring program. According to the abstract for the paper, "comparisons were made of macroinvertebrate samples collected from wadeable streams in Wisconsin by personnel from the U.S. Geological Survey-National Water-Quality Assessment Program (USGS-NAWQA), the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR), the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service (USDA-FS), and volunteers from the Water Action Volunteer-Water Quality Monitoring Program (WAV). The numbers, types, and environmental tolerances of the organisms collected were analyzed to determine if the four different field methods that were used by the different agencies and volunteer groups provide comparable results. Additionally, this study compared the results of samples taken from different locations and habitats within the same streams. The results of this sudy are available online at: http://wi.water.usgs.gov/pubs/FS-216-96/
Abstract: In recent years, the science of using animals to assess stream health has gone public. Volunteer monitoring programs, such as the Izaak Walton League's Save Our Streams (SOS) program, have sprouted up around the country. The SOS and other volunteer methods are similar in general design to the methods used by professional biologists, but tailored to the capabilities of non-professionals. Cacapon Institute compared results from WV's volunteer SOS monitoring and the more scientifically rigorous Rapid Bioassessment Protocol (RBPII) stream assessment methods used by WV's Division of Environmental Protection. We found that SOS Stream Scores as currently calculated don't provide stream assessment data that are consistently comparable to professional RBPII results because they lack abundance data and thereby lack critical information. The identification level used with the SOS method (mayfly, stonefly, clam, etc.) can provide a stream assessment comparable to professional methods if actual counts of the organisms collected are obtained in order to properly weight the importance of each organism. Based on our study, it is possible for non-professional, volunteer conducted, benthic stream assessments to obtain results that compare favorably to professional assessments. The proposed method utilizes the same level of identification skill currently required of SOS volunteers and the same collection technique. It differs by requiring samples to be preserved in the field for "picking" under slight magnification and good lighting at home, in counting the organisms obtained, and in noting different "kinds" within each of the current SOS identification categories.
The "Role of Water-Quality Citizen Volunteer Monitoring Groups in Watershed Management" is being studies at Cornell University. This research focuses on citizen volunteer water quality monitoring groups (CVM) and their potential role in becoming active participants in the community-based collaborative approaches to integrated watershed management. In this research, it is hypothesized that given the appropriate support and training, members involved in water quality volunteer monitoring groups (CVMs) could take on dual role in their communities. The first, is that the volunteers can generate information that can be used in decision-making. The second is that as well informed and empowered stakeholders the volunteers can actively participate in local Watershed Initiatives (ad hoc planning committees to address natrual resource problems at a regional level). For more information, contact Mona Barghout, Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University; firstname.lastname@example.com.
In 2003 graduate students Christine Overdevest and Caili Huyck-Orr worked with the Wisconsin Water Action Volunteers Program to assess if participation in a volunteer monitoring program leads to facts-based learning or increased networking, involvement and personal efficacy in local resource management issues. They found that experienced monitors felt more connected in their communities. They also participated more in political action events including talking to neighbors, speaking at public meetings, and researching environmenta issues.The results were published in Human Ecology Review. This paper is accessible in pdf format from this website (48K pdf file) or
Overdevest, C., C. Huyck Orr, and K. Stepenuck. 2004. Volunteer stream monitoring and local participation in natural resource issues. Human Ecology Review. 11(2): 177-185.
(From Danielle Donkersloot) According to Thomas E. Keller, Ed.D., Board on Science Education, National Academy of Sciences, "the (U.S.) National Research Council (NRC) released its highly-anticipated report Learning Science in Informal Environments: Places, People, and Pursuits. According to the NRC, "tens of millions of Americans, young and old, choose to learn about science in informal ways - by visiting museums and aquariums, attending after-school programs, pursuing personal hobbies, and watching TV documentaries, for example. There is abundant evidence that these programs and settings, and even everyday experiences such as a walk in the park, contribute to people's knowledge and interest in science."
Philip Bell, co-chair of the committee that wrote the report and associate professor of learning sciences at the University of Washington, Seattle stated that "Learning is broader than schooling, and informal science environments and experiences play a crucial role. These experiences can kick-start and sustain long-term interests that involve sophisticated learning. Think of the child who sees dinosaur skeletons for the first time on a family trip to a natural history museum, and then goes on to buy dinosaur models and books, do Web searches about dinosaurs, write school reports on the subject, and on and on." In addition to finding that informal learning experiences can significantly improve outcomes for individuals from groups that are historically underrepresented in science, the report notes that there is strong evidence that educational television can help people learn about science. The report also points to evidence that participation in informal science learning (like volunteering in the collection of scientific data) can promote informed civic engagement on science-related issues such as local environmental concerns.
The report outlines six "strands" of science learning that can happen in informal settings, and these strands could help refine evaluations of how well people are learning in these environments. For example, learners can experience excitement and motivation to learn about phenomena in the natural and physical world. They can come to understand and use concepts and facts related to science. They can learn how scientists actually conduct their work using specialized tools and equipment. And they can develop an identity as someone who knows about, uses, and sometimes contributes to science.
Recommendations in the report include those directed towards exhibit creators (exhibits should be interactive, designed with specific learning goals in mind, provide multiple ways for learners to engage with concepts within a single setting, and prompt visitors to interpret what they have learned in light of their prior experiences and interests); front line staff (drawing on learners' experience and knowledge by using everyday language, referring to common cultural experiences, and using familiar tools is important); and the field as a whole (more professional development and a common knowledge base among scholars and educators).
For an overview of the report, which was sponsored by the National Science Foundation, and a link to read it in its entirety, please visit: http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=12190 "
About | Contacts | Feedback | Links | Site Map | Home The USDA-NIFA and this project provide equal program opportunities without regard to race, age, sex or preference, creed, or disability.
This material is based upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 2008-03530


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