text:
Dilophosaurus Temporal range: Early Jurassic, 193Ma |
Cast of the holotype with skull restored after the second specimen, Royal Ontario Museum | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Clade: | Dinosauria |
Suborder: | Theropoda |
Family: | †Dilophosauridae |
Genus: | †Dilophosaurus Welles, 1970 |
Type species | |
†Megalosaurus wetherilli Welles, 1954 |
Species | |
†Dilophosaurus wetherilli |
Synonyms | |
Megalosaurus wetherilli |
Dilophosaurus (/daɪˌlɒfɵˈsɔrəs/ dy-LOF-o-SAWR-əs or /daɪˌloʊfɵˈsɔrəs/); is a genus of theropod dinosaur from the Sinemurian stage of the Early Jurassic Period, about 193 million years ago. The first specimens were described in 1954, but it was not until over a decade later that the genus received its current name.
The name Dilophosaurus comes from the Greek words di (δι) meaning "two", lophos (λόφος) meaning "crest", and sauros (σαυρος) meaning "lizard"; thus, "two-crested lizard".[1]
Dilophosaurus measured around 7 metres (23 ft) long and may have weighed 500 kilograms (1,100 lb).[2]
The most distinctive characteristic of Dilophosaurus is the pair of rounded crests on its skull, made up of extensions of the nasal and lacrimal bones. These are considered to be too delicate for anything but display purposes.[3][4] Dodson (1997) noted that cranial crests first appear in Dilophosaurus and later in other theropods.[5]
The teeth of Dilophosaurus are long, but have a fairly small base and expand basally.[6] Dilophosaurus had 12 maxillary teeth and as many as 18 dentary teeth, and the teeth were smaller in the tip of the upper jaw. The second and third front teeth feature serrations, which are absent in the fourth.[3] Another skull feature was a notch behind the first row of teeth, giving Dilophosaurus an almost crocodile-like appearance, similar to the putatively piscivorous spinosaurid dinosaurs. This "notch" existed by virtue of a weak connection between the premaxillary and maxillary bones of the skull.[7] The braincase is well known in Dilophosaurus, and is significant in that it bears a feature of the top side wall that is absent in ceratosaurians.[3] Compared with ceratosaurians, the distal scapular expansion in D. wetherilli is uniquely rectangular.[3] The upper leg bone (femur) is longer than the lower leg (tibia).[3]
Studies by Gay (2005) show no indication that sexual dimorphism was present in the skeleton of Dilophosaurus, but say nothing about crest variation.[8]
Cranial ornamentation[edit]
The crests on the skull of Dilophosaurus are considered to be cranial ornamentation for use in attracting mates. Padian, Horner and Dhaliwal (2004) challenged conventional hypotheses that the purpose of bizarre cranial structures and post-cranial armor in dinosaurs, was either for attracting mates, intimidating/fighting rivals in the group, or intimidating potential predators of other species. Padian et al. noted that based on phylogenetic, histological, and functional evidence these bizarre structures can be explained by the phenomenon of intra-species recognition, which is supported by the fossil evidence.[9][10]
Dilophosaurus has been examined several times over the years and has been assigned to no less than nine different theropod groups. Welles (1954) and the majority of subsequent phylogenetic analyses during the 1980s and 1990s have classified this genus as a large coelophysoid within the taxon Coelophysoidea.[4][12] However, some more recent studies have provided varying degrees of support for Dilophosaurus and various other "dilophosaurids" being more closely related to tetanuran theropods than to true coelophysoids.[13][14] Smith (2007) considered the genus Cryolophosaurus as the closest known relative of Dilophosaurus.[15] However, contemporary studies have failed to group Dilophosaurus and Cryolophosaurus together, and instead classify Dilophosaurus once again within Coelophysoidea.[16][17]
Distinguishing anatomical features[edit]
A diagnosis is a statement of the anatomical features of an organism (or group) that collectively distinguish it from all other organisms. Some, but not all, of the features in a diagnosis are also autapomorphies. An autapomorphy is a distinctive anatomical feature that is unique to a given organism or group.
According to Rauhut (2000), Dilophosaurus can be distinguished based on the following features:[3][18]
- a lacrimal bone with a thickened dorso-posterior rim
- cervical vertebrae that have neural spines with a distinct central "cap" and an anterior and posterior "shoulder"
- a scapular blade with a squared distal expansion.
- the presence of thin, paired nasolacrimal crests extending vertically from skull roof, each with a fingerlike posterior projection (according to Carrano, 2012)[19]
Discovery and species[edit]
Holotype UCMP 37302[edit]
The first Dilophosaurus specimens were uncovered by Sam Welles in the summer of 1942 in the Kayenta Formation in Arizona.[20] The site had been found by a Navajo, Jesse Williams, in 1940. Three individuals were present but one of these was too weathered to make an excavation worthwhile. Two specimens were brought back to Berkeley for cleaning and mounting by the team of Wann Langston, the holotype UCMP 37302 (specimen on which a name is based), and a second skeleton, the paratype UCMP 37303. They were by Welles given the name Megalosaurus wetherilli in 1954.[21] The specific name honoured John Wetherill who had explored the area of the find. Returning to the same formation in 1964 to determine from which time period the bones dated, Welles found a new specimen, UCMP 77270, not far from the location of the previous discovery. The specimens were renamed Dilophosaurus in 1970, based on the double crest clearly visible in the new skeleton.[6][21] The available evidence strongly suggests that both the holotype of D. wetherilli and the second skeleton are young subadults.[3]
Additional finds[edit]
Gay (2001b) reported on the discovery of two, possibly three specimens of Dilophosaurus wetherilli in the collections of the Museum of Northern Arizona. The specimens were collected in 1978 from the Kayenta Formation, in the Rock Head Quadrangle. Gay found the specimens to compare favorably with the holotype (UCMP 37302). Gay noted that this material is significant in that it includes parts of the pelvis not preserved in either the holotype or in the "D. breedorum" specimen UCMP 77270.[6]
Infant specimen[edit]
Gay (2001b) reported that some elements in the MNA collection were representative of an infant specimen (MNA P1.3181). This included a distal humerus, a partial distal fibula and a tooth fragment. The infant specimen is significant for several reasons: first, it lends insight into the growth rates of early dinosaurs; second, it provides researchers with an opportunity to compare the growth rate of Dilophosaurus with that of a related taxon (Coelophysis) which would provide insights into early theropod growth rates; third, this specimen is the first known infant of the genus.[6]
Other species[edit]
Hu Shaojin (1993) assigned specimen KMV 8701 to a second species, Dilophosaurus sinensis.[22] This species was recovered from the Yunnan Province of China in 1987, with the prosauropod Yunnanosaurus.[23] Compared to D. wetherilli, this species was larger and more robust. Lamanna et al. (1998b) examined the material ascribed to D. sinensis and found it to be synonymous with Sinosaurus triassicus.[24] This finding was confirmed in 2013.[25]
A proposed third species, D. breedorum, was coined by Samuel Welles through Welles and Pickering (1999) for the specimen UCMP 77270 collected in 1964. Tykoski (2005) performed an ontogenetic analysis in his thesis and concluded that D. breedorum is an adult Dilophosaurus wetherilli.[26] This was the first specimen of the genus to preserve a nearly complete cranial crest.[27] Welles concluded that differences between the original specimens and UCMP 77270 justified the naming of separate species.[3] He was unable to complete a manuscript describing this during his lifetime, and the name eventually came out in a private publication distributed by Pickering.[28] This species has not been accepted as valid in other reviews of the genus, which see it as a nomen nudum and/or a junior subjective synonym.[6][29]
The presence and distribution of non-interdigitating sutures in the skull of some reptilian groups, including Dilophosaurus, has been interpreted as indicating the presence of a system of levers, driven by jaw muscles, as an aid to predation.[30] Welles (1984) rejected this hypothesis and interpreted the potential mobility in the skull of Dilophosaurus as a sign of weakness, and argued that the loose connection of the premaxilla precluded the capture and subduing of prey.[3] This led to the early hypothesis that Dilophosaurus scavenged off carrion, because its teeth were too weak to bring down large prey.[7]
Tkach (1996) conducted a study of the bone structure of the type species and concluded that Dilophosaurus wetherilli could have attained growth rates of nearly 35 kilograms (77 lb) in early life, which reflects a rapid growth rate.[31]
Dilophosaurus is considered to have been an obligate biped based on the presence of long hindlimbs oriented vertically under the pelvis, and short forelimbs that did not support quadrupedal locomotion. The hindlimbs suggest a fast and agile runner, as would be expected in a carnivorous theropod.[3]
Ebel (2000) published a controversial study that challenged the assumption that most dinosaurs were terrestrial. Regarding Dilophosaurus, which is widely considered terrestrial, Ebel noted that the short neural spines of the dorsal vertebrae located between its shoulder and pelvic girdles indicated that "the stress of the vertebral column was relatively low, and therefore the animal does not appear to have been adapted to an terrestrial environment and probably lived in moderately shallow water."[32]
One Dilophosaurus wetherilli specimen shows potential damage "due to injury or crushing" to a vertebra, and a potential abscess on a humerus. A Dilophosaurus wetherilli is also known with an unusually small left humerus compared to a very robust right arm, a possible example of "fluctuating asymmetry". Fluctuating asymmetry results from developmental disturbances and is more common in populations under stress and can therefore be informative about the quality of conditions a dinosaur lived under.[33]
In a 2001 study conducted by Bruce Rothschild and other paleontologists, 60 foot bones referred to Dilophosaurus were examined for signs of stress fracture, but none were found.[34]
Social behavior[edit]
Welles (1984) proposed that Dilophosaurus traveled in small groups, based on the fact that several individuals were found together.[3] Gay (2001b) noted that there was no direct evidence for this and noted that "flash floods would pick up scattered and isolated material from different individuals and deposit them together in the same area."[6] Cranial display features make sense in social, gregarious animals, where other members of the species are available to observe and interpret messages of sexual status.[5]
Kayenta Formation[edit]
The remains of the type specimen of Dilophosaurus wetherilli UCMP 37302 and partial skeleton UCMP 37303 were recovered in the Silty Facies Member of the Kayenta Formation, in northeastern Arizona. The remains were discovered in 1942 and 1964 in blue shale and brown/gray siltstone that was deposited during the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian stages of the Early Jurassic, approximately 196-183 million years ago. Two other specimens assigned to this genus were discovered in the same formation; one in 1982 (UCMP 130053) in channel sandstone and the other, a scapula in terrestrial sandstone.[35]
The Kayenta Formation is part of the Glen Canyon Group that includes formations not only in northern Arizona but also parts of southeastern Utah, western Colorado, and northwestern New Mexico. It is composed mostly of two facies, one dominated by silty deposition and the other dominated by sandstone. The siltstone facies is found in much of Arizona, while the sandstone facies is present in areas of northern Arizona, southern Utah, western Colorado, and northwestern New Mexico. The formation was primarily deposited by rivers, with the silty facies as the slower, more sluggish part of the river system. Kayenta Formation deposition was ended by the encroaching dune field that would become the Navajo Sandstone.[36] A definitive radiometric dating of this formation has not yet been made, and the available stratigraphic correlation has been based on a combination of radiometric dates from vertebrate fossils, magnetostratigraphy and pollen evidence.[35] It is been surmised that the Kayenta Formation was deposited during the Sinemurian and Pliensbachian stages of the Early Jurassic Period or approximately 196 to 183 million years ago.[37]
The Kayenta Formation has yielded a small but growing assemblage of organisms. Most fossils are from the silty facies.[38] Most organisms known so far are vertebrates. Non-vertebrates include microbial or "algal" limestone,[39] petrified wood,[40] plant impressions,[41] freshwater bivalves and snails,[36] ostracods,[42] and invertebrate trace fossils.[39]
Vertebrates are known from both body fossils and trace fossils. Vertebrate known from body fossils include (the following after Lucas et al. [2005],[38] except where noted): hybodont sharks, indeterminate bony fish, lungfish,[40] salamanders,[43] the frog Prosalirus, the caecilian Eocaecilia, the turtle Kayentachelys, a sphenodontian reptile, lizards,[44] several early crocodylomorphs including Calsoyasuchus, Eopneumatosuchus, Kayentasuchus, and Protosuchus), the pterosaur Rhamphinion, several theropods including Dilophosaurus, Kayentavenator[45] Megapnosaurus kayentakatae, and the "Shake N Bake" theropod, the basal sauropodomorph Sarahsaurus,[46] a heterodontosaurid, armored dinosaurs Scelidosaurus and Scutellosaurus, the tritylodontids synapsids Dinnebiton, Kayentatherium, and Oligokyphus, morganucodontids,[44] possible early true mammal Dinnetherium, and a haramyid mammal. The majority of these finds come from the vicinity of Gold Spring, Arizona|Gold Spring, Arizona.[38] Vertebrate trace fossils include coprolites[39] and the tracks of therapsids, lizard-like animals, and several types of dinosaur.[47]
Explorations in the 1970s and 1980s by James M. Clark, Farish Jenkins and David E. Fastovsky and collection and analysis by William R. Downs have produced several vertebrate specimens. The Kayenta Formation has produced several mass burial sites, and the remains of three coelophysoid taxa of different body size, which represents the most diverse ceratosaur fauna yet known.[48]
Remains assigned to Dilophosaurus were recovered in the Upper Member of the Dharmaram Formation, in Andhra Pradesh, India. The remains were discovered in mudstone that was deposited during the Sinemurian stage of the Early Jurassic, approximately 196-189 million years ago. The same sediments also contained the fossils of a crocodilian, a sauropodomorph and the sauropod Lamplughsaura dharmaramensis.[49]
In the Kayenta Formation in Arizona, the same formation that yielded the original specimens for this genus, the trackways known as Kayentapus hopii and Dilophosauripus williamsi were attributed to Dilophosaurus by Welles (1971). These ichnotaxa feature a series of three-toed footprints that are consistent with the expected size and shape of the feet of Dilophosaurus.[50] In 1991, trackway specialist Gerard Gierlinski re-examined tracks from the Holy Cross Mountains in Poland and renamed them Kayentapus soltykovensis, concluding that the "dilophosaur" form was the most appropriate candidate for making these ichnotaxa.[51]
Fossilized footprints, discovered in claimed-to-be 200 million year old sedimentary rock, which were assigned to Dilophosaurus were discovered in the Höganäs Formation in Vallåkra, Sweden, during the 1970s. The footprints appears to show that these dinosaurs lived in herds.[52] Fossilized footprints assigned to Dilophosaurus have also been discovered in Sala, Sweden. Other tracks discovered in the Höganäs Formation have been assigned to the ichnogenus Grallator (Eubrontes) cf. giganteus, which were discovered in Rhaetian strata, and Grallator (Eubrontes) soltykovensis, which were discovered in Hettangian strata.[53] A few of the tracks were taken to museums, but most of them disappeared in natural floodings.[54] In 1994, Gierlinski and Ahlberg assigned these tracks from the Hoganas Formation of Sweden to Dilophosaurus as well.[55]
Gierlinski (1996) observed unusual traces associated with a track specimen in the collection at the Pratt Museum in Amherst, Massachusetts. Specimen AC 1/7 is a "dinosaur sitting imprint", made when a dinosaur is resting its body on the ground, leaving an impression of its belly between a pair of footprints. Traces associated with AC 1/7 were interpreted by Gierlinski as the imprints of feathers, suggesting that Dilophosaurus was a feathered dinosaur.[55]
The footprints Eubrontes and Gigandipus of the Connecticut River Valley, which have been found in both Connecticut and in Massachusetts, have often been attributed to Dilophosaurus, however no fossil remains of Dilophosaurus have been directly attributed to either one of the footprint types. The size and shape suggested they were made by a theropod 18-20 feet long similar to that of Dilophosaurus, suggesting they were either made by Dilophosaurus or a very close relative. Two similar footprints, Anchisauripus and Grallator, also found in the Connecticut River Valley from Connecticut to Massachusetts, have often been attributed to Dilophosaur's smaller relatives, Podokesaurus and Coelophysis, and occasionally attributed to Dilophosaurus itself.
In popular culture[edit]
Dilophosaurus is prominently featured in both Michael Crichton's 1990 novel Jurassic Park and its 1993 movie adaptation. It is depicted spitting blinding poison, aiming for the eyes to blind and paralyze its prey (much like a spitting cobra); in the film, it also has a retractable neck frill around its neck (much like a frill-necked lizard). There is no evidence to support either the frill or the venom spitting,[56] which was acknowledged by Crichton as creative license.[57] In the film, Steven Spielberg also reduced the size of Dilophosaurus to 3 feet (0.91 m) tall and 5 feet (1.5 m) long in order to avoid confusion with the velociraptors.[58]
Despite its inaccuracies, the Jurassic Park depiction of Dilophosaurus has been taken up by others. Several video games, such as "Primal Carnage", ParaWorld, Jurassic: The Hunted, Nanosaur, Dinosaur King and Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs, feature Dilophosaurus modeled after the representations in Jurassic Park, and The Whitest Kids U'Know sketch "Dinosaur Rap" (a music video for Trevor Moore's "Gettin' High With Dinosaurs") features a Dilophosaurus, complete with a short frill. A more accurately restored Dilophosaurus was featured in the documentary When Dinosaurs Roamed America. The Dilophosaurus is also an unlockable animal on TOKYO JUNGLE which is a video game only available on PlayStation 3.
See also[edit]
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- ^ Bennington, J Bret (1996). "Errors in the Movie "Jurassic Park"". American Paleontologist 4 (2): 4–7.
- ^ Crichton, Michael (1990). Jurassic Park. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-394-58816-9.
- ^ The Making of Jurassic Park by Don Shay & Jody Duncan, Boxtree Ltd; 1st Edition. edition (30 Jun 1993), ISBN 1-85283-774-8


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diana 2 love
This photo was shot on film. Taken by x8irob with a Lomography Diana F+ (available in our Online Shop) loaded with Fuji Pro film in lago laceno, Italy. These tags describe this photo: kasumiart, diana, fisheye, lomography, sky, lago, lake, cielo, woman, dog, and smooth. Date: 2011-10. Time: Morning. This photo can also be found in the album laceno 11.Please login to get more out of this site
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All that Martin Eberhard really wanted was an electric car that was at least as practical and convenient as the succession of old, wretched $500 clunkers that he'd driven as a young electrical engineer, such paragons of automotive efficiency as the Lincoln Continental Mark III, the Chevrolet Caprice Classic, and even the Renault Le Car. Unfortunately, no one could build him one, although he dangled a substantial bit of the personal fortune he made as a Silicon Valley innovator in front of anyone who promised to do the job.
As a result, Eberhard and his team were forced to come up with a decent electric car by themselves. And that's how the Tesla Roadster drove into our lives, a $100,000, all-electric sports car that can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in less than four seconds, reach a top speed of 135 mph, cruise about 250 miles at a stretch, and fully recharge in a couple of hours for $2.50. It sounds too good to be true, like a combination of Silicon Valley vaporware and one of Leonardo Da Vinci's perpetual-motion machines, and yet we've driven the Tesla Roadster and it seems to be very real.
Since its first public showing in California at the end of July, the Tesla Roadster has inspired a firestorm of public interest. Tesla took preproduction deposits for its "Signature One Hundred" (the first 100 Roadsters to be built) and promised delivery next summer, selling out in a little more than two weeks. Each deposit amounted to the full price of the car, a $100,000 bet on an uncertain new concept.
The leap of imagination that Eberhard made to his new concept seems elegantly simple now, just like the one Steve Wozniak made when he tooka bunch of cheap, commonly available electronic components into Steve Jobs's garage and came up with the Apple personal computer. In this case, Eberhard seized on one of the most familiar items in Silicon Valley--the relatively cheap, relatively common lithium-ion battery. About the size of the AA battery in your pocket flashlight, lithium-ion batteries similar to those in the Tesla are found in every laptop computer. Eberhard figured out a way to combine lithium-ion cells into large battery packs, sustain them at a charge level that promotes long life, and then control their temperature with a combination of air-conditioning and the circulation of automotive coolant.
Once Eberhard had a power source, he needed a car. "I learned to drive in an old red Jeep on my uncle's farm in Kansas when I was thirteen," Eberhard says, "and I've loved cars ever since. I used to go to junkyards with my girlfriend to keep my clunkers running, and I was driving a BMW Z3 when we were designing the Tesla. But I had no idea about where to start when it came to designing a car." Fortunately, Eberhard was at the 2004 Los Angeles auto show when Roger Becker of Lotus--justifiably famous as one of the leading automotive development engineers in the world--introduced the long-awaited U.S. version of the Lotus Elise. Eberhard grabbed Becker and started talking about electric power with a messianic fervor, and the Lotus executive apparently was unable to resist.


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Sony Bend rolled out a trailer for its PS Vita iteration of Nathan Drake's treasure-hunting adventure, Uncharted: Golden Abyss. It introduces series' newcomer Marisa Chase, who perhaps might add bits of romantic drama to the story's scoop. The first thing you'll immensely gawp at is the visual fidelity presented in the Vita game, with graphics easily rivaling some of the biggest PS3 titles.
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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
As you select categories, the number of matching recipes will update.
Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
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"Made 18 of these and have to post a picture. Made them with raspberries from the garden. My daughter enjoyed helping and they turned out great!"


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I'm way excited for Pam and Jim's wedding on "The Office," Thursday night. Almost as excited as a bridesmaid who knows she'll be getting some from the best man. Of all the sitcom romances I've seen over the years, theirs is the most real, the most subtle and the most fulfilling. They've survived five seasons of working in the same office and their love makes even more sense now. They both broke up with fantastic people to be with each other, bought a house together at peak market value, and are still happily paying the mortgage together. They psyched us out last season when they called off their last-minute elopement at the last-last minute, when the joy of Café Disco reminded them of how much they love cheesy celebrations. To seal the deal, last season's final episode revealed that Jim's bun is in Pam's oven. And now, thanks to sneak previews galore, we know that Pam and Jim are bringing all their office mates to Niagara Falls for a one-hour destination wedding special.
But am I excited … or scared? Keep reading »


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The latest version of Adobe Flash Player is required to watch this video. Please click on the link below to download the latest version. Thanks!
Pope Benedict XVI has just signed a record deal that will utilize the same recording studio that the Beatles used in the 1960s.
The pontiff will release an album called "Alma Mater." On the album, he sings and recites prayers to the Virgin Mary. The album also includes eight original pieces of contemporary classical music performed by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, which was recorded at London's Abbey Road Studios used by the Beatles between 1962 and 1969. Proceeds will go to fund music education for underprivileged children around the world.
"I think it could reach people that are not Catholic, maybe not Christian," said Geffen general manager Ricardo Fernandez. "There is an African composer, as I mentioned before, and also it might be appealing to people who are into classical music."
The record will be mastered in August, then sent to the pope for approval. And if approved, the album is due for release on November 30.
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Advanced Tips – Titles & Medals
In Evony, every title promotion allows a player to hold one additional city. For the first few title promotions, a rank promotion may be required before a title promotion.
Rank Promotions:
Lieutenant for Knight
10,000 Gold must be paid
Town Hall must be at level 2 or higher
Captain for Baronet
20,000 Gold must be paid
Town Hall must be at level 4 or higher
5 Cross Medals must be surrendered
Major for Baron
30,000 Gold must be paid
Town Hall must be at level 6 or higher
5 Rose Medals must be surrendered
Colonel for Viscount
40,000 Gold must be paid
Town Hall must be at level 8 or higher
5 Lion Medals must be surrendered
General for Earl and higher
50,000 Gold must be paid
A Town Hall must be at level 10
5 Honor Medals must be surrendered
Ouch, all those gold and medals for just the ranks! Sometimes, it may be possible to choose a rank promotion before a title promotion because a rank promotion requires less medals. Inexperienced players become confused or make a mistake because of this. Always choose the title promotion before the next rank promotion, if given a choice.
Title Promotions:
Knight for 2 City Slots
20,000 Gold must be paid
1,000 Prestige must be earned
10 Cross Medals and 5 Rose Medals
Baronet for 3 City Slots
40,000 Gold must be paid
2,000 Prestige must be earned
10 Rose Medals and 5 Lion Medals
Baron for 4 City Slots
60,000 Gold must be paid
4,000 Prestige must be earned
10 Lion Medals and 5 Honor Medals
Viscount for 5 City Slots
80,000 Gold must be paid
8,000 Prestige must be earned
10 Honor Medals and 5 Courage Medals
Earl for 6 City Slots
100,000 Gold must be paid
16,000 Prestige must be earned
10 Courage Medals and 5 Wisdom Medals
Marquis for 7 City Slots
200,000 Gold must be paid
32,000 Prestige must be earned
10 Wisdom Medals and 5 Freedom Medals
Duke for 8 City Slots
300,ooo Gold must be paid
64,000 Prestige must be earned
10 Freedom Medals and 5 Justice Medals
Furstin for 9 City Slots
400,000 Gold must be paid
128,000 Prestige must be earned
10 Justice Medals and 5 Nation Medals
Prinzessin for 10 City Slots
500,000 Gold must be paid
256,000 Prestige must be earned
30 Justice Medals and 15 Nation Medals
Players should remember that it is possible to lose prestige by leaving an alliance (no penalty by expulsion) or more rarely, by losing more unit worth to an NPC. Upon reaching the Prinzessin title, players will no longer need to worry about prestige for promotion purposes. Note that for some older servers, Prinzessin requires 20 Cross Medals, 15 Rose Medals, 10 Lion Medals, and 5 Honor Medals. Most Evony players will go by 30 Justice Medals and 15 Nation Medals.
Gaining Medals:
There are many detailed guides for medal hunting. For the sake of convenience, here are some ways to gain medals:
Cross Medals
Valleys level 1-3
Rose Medals
Valleys level 1-6
Lakes level 2-4
NPCs level 1
Lion Medals
Valleys level 3-6
NPCs level 1-3
Honor Medals
Valleys level 4-7
Grasslands level 4-6
NPCs level 1-3
Courage Medals
Valleys level 6-8
NPCs level 3-5
Wisdom Medals
Valleys level 6-10
NPCs level 5
Freedom Medals
NPCs level 5
Nation Medals
NPCs level 10
Justice Medals
NPCs level 10
Good luck and happy hunting!
Need an Evony account? Click here.


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More on Disney Baby
Create magical moments with these inspired ideas and feel-good products.
Beck at 15 Months
Last week Beck reached 15 months. While the walking milestone is still waiting to be photographed, he's learning new things daily. One of my favorite parts of being a mom has been watching his personality develop, and watching him figure out new things. I love seeing the magic in his eyes.
Here's what 15 months looks like:
- Still scooting and resisting walking
- Eats everything we put in front of him and is especially obsessed with cheese; he says "thanks" when we hand it to him
- Likes to answer "no" to every question
- Only kisses with a wide-open mouth, and only hugs if you make an "ahhh" noise to go along with it
- Says about 15 words
- Loves animals, especially cats and dogs
- Points and says "this" at nearly everything
- Has curly locks in the back and a receding hairline in front (ha!)
- Loves pointing out his belly button, nose, mouth, and eyes
- His favorite activity is bouncing on the bed and getting tickled
- Is getting his 2-year molars (what the heck?!)
I love this little boy.
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PCMark Vantage - Drives with Data Testing
For a complete breakdown on the Drives with Data Testing please read this article. You will be able to perform this test at home with the files provided in the article - full instructions are included.
- Brief Methodology
SSDs perform differently when used for a period of time and when data is already present on the drive. The purpose of the Drives with Data testing is to show how a drive performs in these 'dirty' states. SSDs also need time to recover, either with TRIM or onboard garbage collection methods.
Drives with Data Testing - 25%, 50%, 75% Full States and Dirty / Empty Test
Files needed for 60 (64GB), 120 (128GB), 240 (256GB)
60GB Fill - 15GB, 30GB, 45GB
120GB Fill - 30GB, 60GB, 90GB
240GB Fill - 60GB, 120GB, 160GB
Empty but Dirty - a test run just after the fill tests and shows if a drive needs time to recover or if performance is instantly restored.
SSDs slow when data is on the drive and this test measures the amount of slow down at 25%, 50% and 75% of the flash capacity filled. Here we see the limits of the four-channel design taking a toll on the Ultra Plus.


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1. The diplomatic and consular corps
1.1 Introduction
There are ninety-six diplomatic missions in Canberra, most headed by Ambassadors or High Commissioners. In addition, some thirty Heads of Mission have non-resident accreditation to Australia.
Canberra, the capital city of Australia and home to the Federal Government, is neither a large population centre nor a major commercial base. For these reasons, many consular posts have been established in Sydney, Melbourne and, to a lesser extent, other State and Territory capitals to provide core consular services. Many of these posts are headed and staffed by career consular officers, and there is also a significant number of honorary consuls who make an effective and valuable contribution to the consular network in Australia.
A number of international organisations are represented or headquartered in Australia. The status of international organisations' offices and representatives in Australia derives from sources other than the VCDR. However, much of the practical advice provided in this book applies equally to them.


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Transforming Service
Meeting physical needs is crucial, but it rarely leads to deep and lasting change. Integrating social action and evangelism is essential for reaching the whole person, physically and spiritually. We asked seven pastors and ministry leaders to tell us how they're serving their communities in ways that result in spiritual transformation.
Copyright © 2012 by the author or Christianity Today/Leadership Journal.
Click here for reprint information on Leadership Journal.
The Right Blend
Most churches reach beyond their walls in one of two ways. Some focus on the spiritual needs of people, helping them discover a relationship with God through evangelism. Others tend to emphasize people's social and emotional needs by providing services or advocating for justice.
At our church we've tried to resist settling for an either/or approach. Here are some of our strategies designed to blend social action and evangelism.
At our free medical and dental clinics we ask patients if they would like prayer. About 75 percent agree to be prayed for, leading to many spiritual conversations.
In our sports programs we do devotions with the children's teams and employ relational evangelism in our adult leagues.
Our financial counseling services use a biblical approach to money, which has brought many to faith in Christ.
At our food pantries we offer prayer for each recipient and hold weekly worship services and Bible studies.
In our outreach to the homeless we provide hot meals, blankets, clothing, tents and prayer. Every weekend we bring a vanload of homeless men and women to our church, where many have come to faith in Christ.
In our pro-life ministry, we are sensitive to issues of shame, hopelessness and fear. Prayer is always part of the equation. We also connect them to our parenting classes, daycare center, financial counseling and social services. Relational evangelism then takes place through all of these ministries.
We've found that service designed to bring real and lasting change builds bridges to our church and ultimately to the Lord. We cannot separate the Great Commission to make disciples from the Great Commandment to love our neighbors as ourselves.
—Rich Nathan Vineyard Columbus, Columbus, Ohio
Copyright © 2012 by the author or Christianity Today/Leadership Journal.
Click here for reprint information on Leadership Journal.
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- Web exclusives and archives on Leadership Journal.net
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I didn't really like this mascara. It clumps a lot, is messy and doesn't do a great job. I didn't want to waste it, though, so I used it for the 6 months you are supposed to use a mascara. I've gone back to my tried and true L'Oreal Volume.
I absolutley LOVE this mascara, at first when i bought it i thought the price was a bit steep at £10 but after i used it for the first time it was definently worth it, this makes my lashes look 10 times longer than they usually are and i always get compliments on how long they look, this is definently a good mascara if you want that voluminous look without using false lashes.
This is one of the few products Bourjois has ever disappointed me with. I usually love all of their makeup, fabulous colors and textures and the products DO what they say they do...except for this one.
so- PROS:
-cute and sexy packaging (dunno how a mascara could be sexy but lol, i love the sultry eye and the 'lights' on it, is very chic)
-very dark color
-the only promise this mascara fulfills is the resistance one....unfortunately, as many reviewers have pointed out, it is very difficult to remove it. on the packaging it says it's been tested by clubbers at foam parties and such, boy i do believe them! i can remove it only by rubbing my eyes with coconut oil, not to mention the fact that it strips off your lashes, and i never lose lashes when taking my makeup off. this is a serious bummer for me, i've had this for a while already and barely used it twice. i'm scared of it!
-VERY LIQUID. I can't get over how liquid it is, it's simply a mess! it doesn't clog around the brush, it just creams it up!!! i always end up with sticky lashes because of it
-the bristles are so wacky you never know how to maneuver this product. the 'bald' part of the brush gets covered in product and even if you try brush your lashes the bristles are too short to handle the galore of mascara...which is LIQUID like hell.
-i never use this mascara as i use the others, i just add it at the very end of my lashes routine to complement the volume...and add some blackness. i just brush the tips of my already-made lashes for some more blackness and that's it. i think i'm gonna have this for a year or so, i use it so rarely and so little....
-i tried using it by itself. tragedy. the lashes just became softy-softy and droopy, if i had to choose i would've been happier with some good ol' clumping! instead i got watery lashes, that ugly kind of lashes that stick together and look like you're bald and try to conceal it by wearing a ton of mascara that simply won't do the trick. i HATE IT.
-it is NOT cheap. i dunno, i always say this even about drugstore products but this is really not cheap stuff. i paid around 10 euros at that time....10 euro mascara should do at least something!! i've had cheaper mascaras that did the trick!!
the overall effect of this mascara on my lashes could be compared with imagining you're applying a super dark and creamy cake mascara...without a wand, JUST USING YOUR FINGERS. yep. 100% sh*tty....
2 out of 2 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
I really liked the way it made my lashes look, but it was so hard to remove at the end of the day!
It made my lashes look really thick and black, so they stood out without looking spidery. You dont have to apply a thousand coats either, 1 or 2 coats and your done.
I wouldnt reccomend this product though, It left me with panda eyes and I damaged my eyelashes trying to remove it :(
More reviews by makeupobssessed
I brought this mascara after seeing a review from marlena from makeup geek. I love this mascara. I have short sparse stumpy looking lashes and this mascara is the best for volumizing them. It does not clump on me after a few coats and lasts forever. The wand is unique and after praticing, you can a achieve a great dramtic look almost as if you have false lashes. You definately need a gentle eye makeup remover as this really stay on. Love love love this, will repurchase as long as its available.
Do not be put off by the size of the wand this comes with- once you master the technique of applying this mascara properly, you'll be hooked!
1) Wipe off excess product on the rim on the tube
2) Use flat side to apply mascara
3) Use the side with the bristles to comb in short, sharp strokes.
Et voila!!!! Nice, thick lashes!!
1 out of 1 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
I really like this mascara. I personally find that the effect this mascara gives to my lashes is similar to YSL Faux Effet Cils, this is just much more cheap - which is a plus. It took a couple of tries before I figured out how to use the brush, which is a bit weird with the two sides but now, I think it's one of the best mascaras I've ever tried. Most mascaras I've tried, even the waterproofs, tend to smudge on me, but this doesn't, it lasts all day without giving me eyes like a panda. I haven't tried the waterproof version of this mascara but I don't think it's necessary either. I've worn this when it was really raining and I've shed some tears with it too, and still, no panda eyes. It's great so just give it some tries to figure out how to apply it right. It gives me thick and long lashes, though not natural, but I prefer it this way too.
I wanted to like this sooooo bad. I kept trying it and gave it excuses. i figured I just wasn't using it right, but I've read tons of reviews and I know about the two sided brush and how to use it but I can't seem to make it work for me. For reference, I have short stick-straight asian lashes, but my CG lashblast WP holds a curl and volumizes and lengthens. This lengthened my lashes and volumized, but had tonsss of clumps. I couldn't seem to apply it without clumping, I even swiped allll the mascara off into the tube (and it was alot) and it still clumped. It droops my curl a bit, not as bad as the maybelline lash stiletto, but doesn't hold a curl like my CGLB. Dang it, I really wanted to like this because of the pretty packaging and it just seems so.. nice.
edit 1/27/10
Changing it to four stars because I figured out how to work with it a bit better. I curl my lashes (I'm not sure why because it makes it fall... anyways..), then when I take this out to use it, I wipe off all the excess inside the bottle (it's A LOT) and then apply it to my lashes carefully. gives SO much volume and length. THen my lashes droop to their normal asian stick-straight state (but with volume and length) and I curl them again (i don't like curling my lashes acfter but I have to for this) and then they look great (most of the time, since curling lashes after msacara always makes it clumpy for me). So I think this product CAN work but it takes a lot of effort for me. Definitely better if you have lashes that naturally curl up. But adds great volume when applied carefully.
edit 1/25/11
reread my review and that is ridiculous what I did to try and get good lashes.. If it takes that much work for a mascara to look decent and at that price.. not worth it! I used this mascara all for about 5 times because i coudlnt get it to work for me.
2 out of 2 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
More reviews by morphinization
I have a love-hate relationship with this mascara.. I love that it has this bit of shine to it and that you can pile on layer after layer of it.. But the only problem is, that it doesn't look good as a mascara on it's own! You need a base mascara to make this mascara really look good, I think it's the brush.. Two longer sides and two shorter sides, they just don't do much for my lashes.
I saw my friend using this mascara and her eyelashes were SO beautiful! So I bought one too, it doesnt look as good on me I think it's because my lashes are a bit more sparse. Anyway i like it still. It does not smudge at all! It's very black (oh yeah i got the ultra black) and makes my lashes much thicker! Perfect for people who like spider legs but unfortunately you can get a natural look. The only thing i don't like is that when i accidentally get my eyelid, it's impossible to wipe off! So I have to be very careful when I put it on.


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I need to replace a not very old Kenmore induction cook top. The most important features to me are #1: reliability (because I have been so frustrated with the Kenmore and it's multiple repairs), and #2: price (because I also have a broken 15 month-old Kenmore dishwasher). I would be able to afford a Bosch and maybe even a Miele if I got a good deal and the dishwasher is not too much to fix. I have spent hours reading other threads in this forum and they have been very helpful. I would really appreciate anyone that has an induction cook top reporting on it's reliability. |
Follow-Up Postings:
I can report that my 36-inch Kenmore Elite (Electrolux Icon clone) purchased in December 2007 is still running exactly as it ran at inception. Being an electronic device, along with many other electronic devices now in use, it is a good idea in my opinion to have transient suppressors installed at the service entry point or in breaker panel boxes. These can reduce the potential for damage from line spikes. kas |
Thanks kas, I'll discuss this with the installer after I choose a new unit. |
- Posted by live_wire_oak (My Page) on Sat, Sep 8, 12 at 2:09
Discuss surge suppression that with your power company. They can often provide whole home surge suppression for a very modest monthly fee. Your computers, cell phone chargers, TV's, Blue Ray players, etc. will also benefit from this. As a class, induction cooktops have been remarkably free of complaints about their reliability. The usual complaint that leaves them ending up at the scratch and dent are related to some cookware humming with use, or people's inability to adapt rather than any actual defect in any of the cooktops. I'm sorry you got a lemon, but I can honestly say that it's probably an anomaly rather than any "syndrome" that happens often. |
My KE installed 12/05 is fine too. My parents have had a Miele for 2-3 years with no problem too. |
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Friday, October 31, 2008
13 comments:
- KPiep said...
Happy Halloween to you too! I hope your family has a wonderful day.
- Friday, October 31, 2008 at 5:35:00 AM PDT
- preppyplayer said...
Happy Halloweeeeeeeeeeeen!!!!
- Friday, October 31, 2008 at 5:44:00 AM PDT
- please sir said...
Aww so wonderful - LOVE the shark costume - have a great one!!
- Friday, October 31, 2008 at 8:06:00 AM PDT
- Jamie said...
Cute Costumes! I hope to post a picture of Evee's in a bit. Have a fun day!
- Friday, October 31, 2008 at 8:12:00 AM PDT
- Maria Rose said...
I love that shark costume!
- Friday, October 31, 2008 at 8:25:00 AM PDT
Fabulous spider!! Darling treat cauldron! Happy Boys! Happy Halloween to All!
- Friday, October 31, 2008 at 9:39:00 AM PDT
- RID said...
Hello, you can read about "panellets" (tipical in Catalunya)here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panellets
Tonight we are going to eat chestnuts and sweet potatoes as well, and we're going to drink sweet wine.
Actually young people is copying your halloween...
I will post this afternoon...
Happy halloween tu you! - Friday, October 31, 2008 at 9:39:00 AM PDT
- Joyce said...
Lecia- Happy Halloween to you and your family! Wonderful treats mmmm....
- Friday, October 31, 2008 at 9:47:00 AM PDT
- Ivy Lane said...
Your boys are so adorable!! What great costumes. My nephew would be so jealous of the shark costume!
Lecia.. My appt. went fine..results in a week or so.. wish they could just read the films then and there..oh well..In God's hands! Thanks for stopping by ... :) - Friday, October 31, 2008 at 5:22:00 PM PDT
- Joanna Goddard said...
they look awesome!!!
- Saturday, November 1, 2008 at 5:50:00 AM PDT
- dottyspots said...
Love the shark costume!
- Saturday, November 1, 2008 at 8:15:00 AM PDT
I love that first Halloween sign! That's fantastic...but not as fantastic as that shark dress up! Jen
- Tuesday, November 4, 2008 at 1:17:00 AM PST
- Alisha said...
I love the shark costume! My dog's name is Sharkdog, so naturally I love all things shark. And the Superman action photo is great. :)
- Wednesday, November 5, 2008 at 8:55:00 AM PST


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Papaya Sherbet
2 ripe papayas
½ cup fresh orange juice
1 Tbs orange liqueur
½ cup granulated sugar
½ tsp fresh lemon juice
1. Remove seeds and skins from papayas and dice them. Combine papayas and all other ingredients in a food processor and process until very smooth.
2. Pour into a shallow pan and freeze until sherbet has the consistency of mush. Remove from freezer and stir vigorously. Refreeze until mushy again, repeat stirring. Return to freezer until ready to serve.
Servings: 6
Cooking Tips
*If you do not have a food processor, you may blend the ingredients with an electric mixer.
**Scoop into small, cute serving dishes and garnish with a mint leaf.
PRINT THIS RECIPE using your browser's 'print' function. It's automatically formatted to print recipe & picture only.
RATE THIS RECIPE[ratings]


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Ultra Thin Complete Weight Loss Supplement ! : Health And Fitness » Read
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Detached chalet for 4 - 6 people, perched on the heights of Faucigny, on the southern hillside of Voirons, in the quiet little hamlet of Juffly, the chalet offers you a splendid panoramic view from the heights of Aravis to the area of Geneva. Its ideal situation in the heart of Haute-Savoie will allow you to discover all the wealth and diversity of this area. Large terrace and enclosed garden. It is at an altitude of 800 m.
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Sliding scale prices according to duration, Bank transfer accepted, Service charges included in prices, Cleaning charge in addition, Tourist tax included in prices, Deposit of 300 € required, Down payment of 25% of the rent


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The ten best concerts this weekend: Sept. 14-16
Paper Diamond's show tonight at the Ogden Theatre with Crizzly and Protohype is just one of this ten best concerts this weekend. See what else is cracking below.
Welcome to the weekend! The weather has finally cooled off a bit, but the shows haven't. Whatever your inclinations are this next couple of days, there are a plethora of options, from Devin Townsend Project tonight at the Summit Music Hall to Deltron 3030 tomorrow night at Cervantes' Masterpiece Ballroom. We of course have all these shows and more listed in our massive concert calendar. Head over there if you're feeling industrious. Or if you'd rather we do the legwork for you, keep reading to get the full rundown of the ten best concerts this weekend.
See also:
- The ten best jazz shows in Colorado this month
- Alex Botwin's electronica is a Paper Diamond in the rough
- Del The Funky Homosapien on putting more thought into his Deltron lyrics
- Tyler Despres of Science Partner on how a good melody should be like a nursery rhyme
- David Torn on his textural guitar approach and the need to orchestrate and fill in spaces
Known for his innovative, textural approach to guitar playing, David Torn has released a number of albums under his own name and under the Splattercell moniker. He's also used his talents for film scoring and collaborated with a diverse set of artists including David Bowie, Laurie Anderson, Sting and John Legend. Torn's musical palette undoubtedly has many colors, and when describing his forward-thinking trio, Sun of Goldfinger, which also features saxophonist Tim Berne and drummer Ches Smith, he says, "It's three really crazy guys trying to make something simultaneously beautiful and horrific."
Location Info
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Pit yourself against chess prodigy Magnus Carlsen when he was just 5, or take him on in his current role as a grandmaster champion.
A new study from Georgia Tech shows that kids like to teach things to robots more than they do to adults. And that's OK.
The Sony Pictures hack has exposed the inner workings of one of Hollywood's biggest studios.
Google and Microsoft today introduced measures to tackle online child abuse -- but critics say the restrictions "will mean very little."
Commentary: You need to understand a child's innocent passion for Minecraft to know why today's news had such a deep impact across the globe.
Ubisoft's upcoming Child of Light is a beautiful, hand-painted RPG starring a fairy princess with a magical giant sword. What's not to love?
A study by child-education specialists suggests that playing with touch-screen devices has overtaken Barbie, Ken, and every other form of traditional toy.
It can be hard to calculate the real value of a collection like this. Let's take a closer look at the math.
For less than $12, you can score a Mac software collection worth $400. Gotta love that math!
Prime minister David Cameron will order tech firms to regulate the Internet, or face tougher laws forcing them to comply.


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Garnier Nutrisse permanent, nourishing color creme, #51, medium ash brown - 1 ea
Our Price:$8.17
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Our Price:$11.13
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Our Price:$9.80
John Frieda Precision 5R Foam Medium Red Brown Hair Color - 1 kit
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Outrigger Aina Nalu
Lahaina, Maui, HI, 96761, United States
Maui's Lahaina Town area provides the setting for these house-style rental condos. Offering an alternative to the "big box" hotels, these private locations range from studios to a two-bedroom, two-bath suite. The rooms are decorated in neutral tones with red and green accents, and island touches like wide-bladed ceiling fans. The studios have a queen bed, while the bigger spaces can house up to six. Two pools and a poolside pavilion are available, and the activities desk can assist in booking such adventures as snorkeling or a luau.
Room to Book:
Pool view rooms are first-come, first-served but can be requested.
Insider Tip:
Take the short walk (less than a half-mile) to Banyan Tree Park, where a 60-foot Banyan Tree stands; it was planted in 1873 to mark the 50th anniversary of Christian missionary work in Lahaina.
Open / Closes- Beach Resort
- Concierge
- Laundry Service
- Minimum Stay Required
- Parking Available
- Tennis
- WiFi
Number of Rooms: 188, one and two-BR condos; 110 in Outriger Hotels and Resorts management program
Number of Suites:
Year Opened:


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Chris Nickels is a member of Clawson and Staubes, LLC. Clawson and Staubes practices in a wide variety of areas including civil litigation, workers' compensation, commercial law, bankruptcy, corporate law, tax, estate planning, real estate, and alternative dispute resolution.
Chris helps clients with business disputes, injury claims and insurance matters. Chris tries several cases each year, appearing in State and Federal courts representing individuals, businesses large & small, employers, self-insureds and insurance carriers.
In November 2011 Chris was elected to Mount Pleasant Town Council. He chairs Mount Pleasant's Public Services Committee and serves on the Annexation, Human Resource, and the Police, Legal & Judicial Committees of Council. Additionally, he is a leadership Charleston graduate and is a member of both the Mount Pleasant Business Association and Danial Island Business Association
Nickels earned a BS degree in Finance & Economics. Thereafter, he attended law school and earned his Juris Doctorate with Honors.
Chris and his wife, Kimarie, have three children, a rescue dog (Ripley) and a rescue cat (Pancake). Kimarie is a Registered Nurse at the East Cooper Regional Medical Center. Their son Eric is a student at the Moody Bible Institute in Chicago. Laura graduated with a DMD from MUSC. Their youngest, Katherine, is in her second year of Clemson University's BSN program.
All, including the pets, enjoy the outdoors, working out at the health club, and Chicago style deep-dish pizza–"Lou Malnati's" to be specific.


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Coming in:
We could not exist without our fabulous sponsors! The following business and individuals provided support to SisterSpace by purchasing space in the Weekend program or supporting us in other ways throughout the year. Please support SisterSpace by showing our sponsors some love. (Click here for information on becoming a sponsor)
Mazzoni Center - Family and Community Medicine
Mazzoni Center is Philadelphia's LGBT health care & wellness center, providing primary medical and support services for lesbian, bisexual and trans-women
Phoebe Aina Allen
Are you trying to navigate major life changes, stuck in a rut, or could you simply use a different perspective on your life to re-energize you? Working with Phoebe Aina Allen can catalyze you to a fuller appreciation of who you are and open you up to life's possibilities. A gifted intuitive and astute observer of human beings since birth, Phoebe Aina Allen has been a student of astrology for over 40 years and a professional counseling astrologer since the late 1970s. She has read and balanced the energy fields of individuals for over 30 years.
GALAEI: A Queer Latin@ Social Justice Organization
We were founded in 1989 to respond to the lack of support and resources for our community during the HIV epidemic. Queer acknowledges and represents the mosaic of sexual and gender identities within our communities. Latin@ represents the multiracial, multicultural experience of Latinidad. As a queer Latin@ organization we embrace the common history of resistance and resilience of Latin@ and queer people. GALAEI embodies both histories. We are unwavering in our commitment to the advancement de nuestra familia.
Phillesbian.com is the only digital magazine catering exclusively to women who love women in Philadelphia and the surrounding suburbs, offering lesbian/queer identified women in Philly a resource for arts & culture, events, news, fashion, health, and more.
Say I Do! LGBT Wedding Expo
Say I Do! was founded to give LGBT couples a forum to meet LGBT-friendly vendors who are ready, willing and able to make wedding dreams come true whether its bride-bride or groom-groom! No need to "come out" to each vendor, Say I Do! is a place where our love is accepted, affirmed and celebrated! Because truly, love is all we need.
Crimson Moon Tavern
Wilmington, Delaware's premier LGBT nightspot.
Philadelphia's premier multi-level entertainment complex. Come experience the difference!
Pre-registration ends on August 12. Register now.
Help us keep the Weekend going....


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Instructions:GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) modems need a data type identification for connection set up for CSD (Circuit Switched Data) communication. This data type ID is provided in a connection setup with a GSM or ISDN modem, but not in attempts to set up a connection from an analog landline network. For this, you need either a SIM card enabled for GSM data communication (you must request a separate data number from the provider) or your GSM modem must have a setting to enable it to interpret all incoming calls as data communication.
Note:For example, the SIPLUS GSM modem MC45T and the SIPLUS GSM modem TC65T have this setting option.
Proceed as follows to check the type of incoming call and set your GSM modem to be able to interpret all incoming analog calls as data communication.
Fig. 01
Fig. 02
Note: If the typed characters are displayed double in "HyperTerminal", then the echo is also activated in the modem (command "ATE1"). In this case, disable the additional echo in the modem with the command "ATE0".
Fig. 03
Fig. 04
Fig. 05
Fig. 06
Note:More information is available on this topic under:


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Happy National Bike Month! Tell us your goals and WIN!
Summer has finally arrived! Longer days and warmer weather makes it easier to get outdoors, get active and accomplish what you have been thinking about all winter.
Do you want to eat healthier? Take the stairs instead of the elevator? Run your first half marathon? Join a road biking club?
We want to know, what are your goals this summer?
In honor of National Bike Month, tell us your goals and you will be entered for a chance to win 10 Steaz bike jerseys! Everyone needs a little help, so enlist your friends and motivate each other to get active this summer.
TO ENTER: comment on this blog post and tell us your health and fitness goals this summer.
Official Rules:
Entries will be accepted from Wednesday May 22nd, 2013 through 11:59 pm PST on Wednesday May 29th, 2013.
Eligibility requirements: Entrants must be over the age of 18 and reside in the continental United States.
Once the winners are contacted they have 48 hours to reply and provide a shipping address, if they fail to reply within those 48 hours we will choose another winner.
- My goal for this summer is to be more consistent. I want to run and bike more frequently so that when a race or ride comes up, I'm not wishing I trained more, because I will have trained! Also, I want to kick the Coca-Cola habit, drink more water and tea and eat foods fresh my garden - making many of the foods like bread, myself!May 22, 2013
- My health and fitness goals this summer are as follows. - To eat healthier. I'm already a vegetarian so I'm eating quite healthy already. But I want to do more. I'm going to cut way down on cheese and breads, and consume for raw foods like vegetables, fruits, and grains. - Get on my bike! The past semester at school I wasn't able to bike as much as I would like. So now that I'm out of school I'm going to start riding again. - Shape up my stomach and pretty much the rest of my body. I want toned legs, arms, chest, etc. Love steaz and love this jersey!May 22, 2013
- My health and fitness goals this summer are to lose the baby weight that hasn't come off yet and to get my family to take a walk every night after dinner as a family.May 22, 2013
- My fitness goals this summer are to make healthier choices and use the great outdoors as my playground. Hiking, Biking, Swimming and Yoga...here I come!May 22, 2013
- My goal is to move up in race rank. My first race I came in 28th. My second race I plan on finishing in the top 15. Let's get it!May 22, 2013
- In addition to eating healthy, I am biking to work (11 miles one way) everyday, weather permitting. I am also hoping to do several triathlons as I did my first sprint tri last month. It was a blast and such a rewarding experience that I plan on continuing throughout life.May 22, 2013
- I want to give up sodas, take the elevator 90% of the time at work, not complain about far away parking spaces, bike more iwth my husband and little boy, and take semi-weekly evening family walks around the neighborhood. We have started the walks, which is a start!May 22, 2013
- I'm just getting started biking again, and my summer goal is to ride from my house to my parent's home, about a 20 mile round trip ride. I'm starting out slowly and building up to make the ride. There are some great bike paths that will get me most of the way there, scenic views along the way of Lake Ontario,Irondequoit Bay, so it should be an enjoyable challenge.May 22, 2013
- I've been on a 3-year-long journey from being a cigarette and pot smoking, beer swilling, junk food addict to a healthy eater and fitness fanatic. My goals this summer are to start taking advanced classes at my Crossfit gym, compete in my first Tough Mudder, and bike 100 miles in one day!May 22, 2013
- My goals this summer to bike everywhere I can and reach 500 miles by Labor Day weekend. I normally run, do crossfit and ruck but I want to make a bigger impact so I just bought a bike last weekend! My goal is to bike to the grocery store, to doctor appointments, to get my hair done, anywhere and everywhere I can. I know if I use my bike to make small trips, then I can definitely reach my 500 miles really easily.May 22, 2013
- My goal this summer is to fit in my bikini I wore 4 years ago. I am working out 6 days a week doing weight training and HIIT and I would love to add in some bike riding as well!May 22, 2013
- I am recovering from a recent health crisis that left me unable to even enjoy exercising or my beloved dance. My goals are to eat completely clean and as close to organic as I can, build up from walking two miles to running 2 by the end of the summer, and to get back into taking pilates and dance three times a week. It has been a slow process but my summer will be filled with health and happiness!May 22, 2013
- I shattered my right patella last fall and am still recovering from 2 knee operations to repair the damage. I am still working hard in rehab and only a month ago I made my first full rotation on a stationary bike. I am well on my way and want to bike outdoors again soon!May 22, 2013
- My goal this summer is to go out and enjoy each moment. I want to spend as much time as possible outdoors and go for hikes and bike rides with my dog, Jack by my side. Together, we will go on many adventures, discover the beauty of nature, as well as meet and greet many new faces...May 22, 2013
- Attempted to get fit last summer by running but experienced knee pain. Doctor says legs may be a little old for this activity. I refuse to admit aging sucks so I recently got a bike and plans daily rides through the woods this summer with the goal of staying fit and and losing 10 pounds. I'm sure my wife, kid, and pet chihuahua will appreciate it. The steaz bike jersey will keep me focused on achieving this goal so help me guys!May 23, 2013
- my goal is to start doing more physical activities like running twice a day and biking more instead of driving and trying to get in the best shape of my life so i can start a competitive ball hockey team this fall and learn to skate so i can get into ice hockey :)May 23, 2013
- My goals for this summer are to win my age group in lots of races, train for my first marathon in November and ride my new bike a lot.May 23, 2013
- My goals for this summer are to continue to bike to work everyday and to hit a 30 lb weight loss by my 30th birthday. 8 lbs and 3 weeks to go!May 23, 2013
- My goal this summer is yo bike further than I ever have. I'm a fairly casual road biker who likes to go off the trail a bit but I'd like to push my limits this summer.May 26, 2013
- I want to lose about 10 more pounds, tone upMay 26, 2013
- My goal is to drop 25 lbs this summer!May 27, 2013
- Thanks for reminding me I need to make some fitness goals this summer. I stopped smoking 4 months ago and my lungs feel great so its time to hop on the bike. For my height I really need to drop around 20lbs per the Dr. I really need to stop drinking sodas so that is a huge goal this summer. Cut out all fried food. Replace all my sugar loaded energy drinks with Steaz and I will be set!May 27, 2013
- My fitness goals this summer includes riding my road bike more on the wonderful trail downtown, walk super tons and eat healthier. (vegetarian, eep!) Ultimately I plan on losing at least 20 pounds by the end of summer. :)May 27, 2013
- I've been working on health and fitness goals since the beginning of the year. My goals for this summer are to really work on my endurance and strength. I want to be able to bike up the giant hill I live on without coming close to passing out. I want to be able to run a loop around town. I want to be able to swim ALL day! And I just want to be the healthiest I've been! So far, it feels great, and I'm going to stay motivated through the summer! Swim, run, walk, bike, hike and strength train! Summer, here I come!May 27, 2013
- My summer fitness goal is to get back to going to the gym. I have not been doing well lately with it at all and need to get back there at least 3 times a week.May 27, 2013
- I plan on running at least 2 5K's this summer and my goal is to chop 10mins off my time. So I'll be training for that. I also plan on continuing eating healthy and lose 15lbs.May 27, 2013
- My goal for the summer is too be more to run and hike more. I also want to get some more muscle mass and lose some fat mass. I'm also going to start biking more than driving and stop eating less processed foods and support my local growers by buying their produce Steaz and Steaz Energy will help fuel me through the process.May 27, 2013
- My fitness goals for this summer is to lose 25 lbs., get fit and healthy. I am doing interval walking, core/resistance training, water areobics and water zumba. Just started doing some biking and plan to do lots more. Wasn't able to ride my bike for past 2 yrs. due to arm surgery and rehabilitation. Doctor has now cleared me to bike again and I will be out there as often as I can... I have really missed biking. I am also continuously working on improving my eating habits and the food I eat. So hoping this summer to meet my goals of fitness and health.May 27, 2013
- This summer I want to commute the majority of the time by bicycle as well as run on a more regular basis to prepare myself for a 5k event. to take time to slow down an become more healthy in mind and body.May 27, 2013
- My goal is to own a Steaz bike jersey. I'm not kidding.May 27, 2013
- My goal this summer is to hit the 50 mile mark in a ride. I started riding last year, and unbeknownst to me my uncle started as well. It was a fun surprise to find out at a family event that we were both riding, and riding pretty familiar rides at that. Talking about what we had achieved so far and what we wanted to we both had 50 miles in mind for this summer. So that's the plan, we're both going to get 50 miles before we put the bikes away for the winter. I'm actually expecting we'll both hit it the same week before we get a chance to tell one another.May 27, 2013
- My goal is to prove that age 61 I CAN still ride a bike, I don't need to be an "old fart" and to finally loose the 20 lbs that I have carried around waaayyyyyy too long. Steaz if going a long way to helping me do these things by keeping me hydrated and drinking it makes me look like one of the "cool kids"....hehehMay 27, 2013
- My fitness goals this summer are to ride my bike a lot more. My short term goal is commuting to work every day, which is 17 miles one way. My long term goal is to participate in RAGBRAI which is a 440 mile ride across Iowa.May 27, 2013
- My goals are clear, keep my intake to a very raw food diet. Enjoy the sweetness of the Steaz Teaz without the calories. And hike as many miles as humanly possible :)May 28, 2013
- One Steaz unsweetened lemon green tea per day makes me very happy. I try to limit myself to one per day and have been splurging to two most every day. I now have two cases per month coming on auto shipment. My fitness goals are easier than managing my Steaz tea addiction! I love to ride my bike and hike up the mountains all summer. : )June 01, 2013


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Finding Apartments for Rent in Sherman Oaks, CA
If you hate chilly, snowy winters, you'll love living in Sherman Oaks, California, where the weather doesn't leave you out in the cold. From gourmet restaurants featuring foods representing different cultures to exciting nightlife, Sherman Oaks is an ideal place to live. Of course, if you want to live in Southern California, you'll need to find an apartment. Luckily, you can choose from plenty of available options.
Top Neighborhoods in Sherman Oaks, CA
Sherman Oaks is a stone throw away from Studio City, Tarzana and Encino. With a low crime rate and good schools, the general upbeat atmosphere matches the affluent neighborhoods. If you rent an apartment near Ventura Boulevard, you'll have plenty of nearby stores and restaurants. Living near Sepulveda Boulevard and Woodman Avenue offers you the chance to walk to the neighborhood grocery store or your favorite restaurant for an upscale breakfast. If your kids plan to go to college, Los Angeles Valley College is off Burbank Boulevard near Oxnard Street. With its generally upbeat atmosphere, you'll find it pleasant to live in any of the top neighborhoods in Sherman Oaks.
Weather in Sherman Oaks, CA
If you're from Iowa, North Dakota or Maine, you'll find that the warm weather in Sherman Oaks makes you feel more like walking, jogging or riding a bicycle. With many sunny days and equally sunny, crisp blue skies, the ideal climate is pleasant during most of the year. In the winter, expect some rainy and windy days. Sometimes, the Santa Ana winds create major windstorms during the winter months. However, you can expect to spend most of your free time outdoors or exploring the many neighborhood shops. Expect to get a lot of free vitamin D from the sun when you live in Sherman Oaks.
Dining in Sherman Oaks, CA
You'll have the culinary adventure of a lifetime while living in Sherman Oaks. If you crave organic pastries, you'll love visiting Buttercelli Organic Bake Shop. Perfect for your inner vegan taste buds, you can find gluten-free vegan pastries along with traditional whole wheat goodies. You can even order a custom vegan birthday cake. When you want to eat guilt-free pastries, you'll love the unique pastries at Buttercelli Organic Bake Shop.
If you're planning a wedding or anniversary event, visit Cakes by Rumy. Offering consultations for your next special event, you can order traditional buttercream cakes or pastries made with organic ingredients.
At Sweet Butter Kitchen, find yourself indulging in a delicious breakfast featuring Belgian waffles or a goat cheese omelette. You may want to try a breakfast sandwich featuring cherry wood smoked bacon. The extensive breakfast menu also features buttermilk pancakes served with real maple syrup or homemade brioche French toast. You can also order a chicken and waffle brunch, a homemade bowl of vegan soup or an Italian tuna sanwich.
When you're in the mood to visit an old-fashioned pub featuring delectable food choices on the menu, visit The Local Peasant. The excellent food classifies this pub as a restaurant or a great place to hang out at night. Featuring old-fashioned pretzels served with grain mustard, traditional sea salt and vinegar crisps and a cheese plate filled with a variety of gourmet cheeses, supplement your food selection with a glass of hearty ginger beer or fresh juice.
Nightlife in Sherman Oaks, CA
When you're in an adventurous mood, you can find many bars and lounges where you can relax and unwind. At The Oaks Tavern, enjoy eating free popcorn while watching local karaoke singers. The Oaks Tavern features special live music events, and you can enjoy sampling 16 different beers while enjoying the concerts.
When you're in the mood for Italian fare, try La Cava. You'll start your meal with one of the delicous antipasti choices that include meatballs with peas or shrimp with cannellini beans. You don't have to take a trip to Italy to eat fine Italian food. Instead, visit La Cava.
Whether you want to eat breakfast with your kids or enjoy a night out on the town, Sherman Oaks, California, has much to offer. With condominiums, studio apartments and homes for rent, you'll never have a boring day when you live in this upscale town. Kid-friendly and relatively safe, discover one of the best smaller cities in Southern California.
View Apartments in Sherman Oaks, CaliforniaCities Nearby Sherman Oaks
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- Beverly Hills
- Panorama City
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Note: The 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 publications have not been audited.
Jump to: Publications | Grants and Consultancies | HDR completions
D. M. Roberts may be from another institution or only recently joined Deakin University.
2000 External
Skabara, P. J.*, Roberts, D. M.* and Pozo-Gonzalo, C.* (2000) 3,4-disubstituted terthiophenes systems: synthesis and characterisation, in Unknown (ed.), ICSM 2000 : Proceedings of the 2000 International conference of synthetic materials, p. 1, The Conference, Bad Gastein, Austria [E2.1]
DRO entry for this publication
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No completions found or audited.
DRO to publications collection last synchronised: Friday 30th January 2015 10:04pm


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Hair Care
12 Best Hair Care Products for Split EndsPick a hair care treatment from one of the bests on our list and say "buh-bye" to damaged hair |
Why it's great: "This really helps protect my hair from the blow dryer and flat iron, [and it] makes my blowout look fabulous," says a fan. "It didn't leave my hair crunchy or dry at the ends, as some straightening balms have done." Another reader says, "It makes my hair incredibly soft, [eliminates] frizz and keeps my color from fading."
Agree? Disagree? Write your review
SEE NEXT PAGE: No. 8: Kérastase Masque Oléo-Relax, $18
Older comments
There are good suggestions on the first page. I never realized that brushing wet hair was bad.
by Helmi Friday, May 3, 2013 at 11:13AM Report as inappropriate
Sunsilk Hydra TLC is one of the most wonderful products I have ever used! Seriously, my hair is frizzy, curly and VERY HARD TO HANDLE. This brad was like magic to my hair! Absolutly loved it!
by Melco Thursday, January 31, 2013 at 04:13PM Report as inappropriate
my ends are terrible, this really helped me
by denise_pierce Saturday, January 12, 2013 at 03:30PM Report as inappropriate
i hate getting split ends! i always have to get a trim but this is very helpful, im deffinatly trying these tips
by aishak55 Sunday, December 16, 2012 at 08:47AM Report as inappropriate
Urgh I hate split ends...I always make sure I get a regular trim to prevent them. I even went all out and bought the whole Pro Naturals hair care line online from beyas, good thing I did though because my hair is looking awesome :)
by mary_jacobs Saturday, October 27, 2012 at 07:02PM Report as inappropriate
Biosilk makes some great products. I want to try the Biosilk treatment mentioned in this article. Nexxus Pro Mend is another great treatment as well!
by robyne00 Friday, October 19, 2012 at 12:59PM Report as inappropriate
I have horrible split ends so this is very helpful information :) Thanks Total Beauty !
by Lillium_Stargaz Monday, October 15, 2012 at 12:47PM Report as inappropriate
I have terrible split ends. Glad to see affordable products in the list. I'll try the sunsilk!
by yestfl Monday, October 15, 2012 at 11:39AM Report as inappropriate
I have split nds and it is hard to keep under control, and i am a big believer in suave. Suave is proof that you dont have to spend big to get nice hair.
by nicky22 Monday, October 15, 2012 at 11:28AM Report as inappropriate


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Welcome to the Official Home of the Portland Lesbian Choir!! Singing Out in Portland since 1986!!
The Portland Lesbian Choir presents a spectacular musical production. Lights, Camera, Action!! Songs from the Silver Screen Saturday January 31st at 7:30PM Dance to follow performance
Join us at: Central Lutheran Church 1820 NE 21st Ave Portland, Oregon 97212
Tickets are $15 in advance (buy online at ticketleap.com) or $18 at the door.
The Portland Lesbian Choir is a non-audition women's chorus open to all.We have just ended our 28th season after a fabulous concert with our special guests, the Portland GSA Youth Chorus. Our 29th season begins on Wednesday, September 17th, and we hope you will join us to sing next fall. Please friend us on Facebook where you can find up to date announcements on our activities and performances.
New!! Our director for the past two years, Paul Zona, has recently decided to pursue other interests. We are so grateful for the past two years under his superb leadership! Paul brought out a rich and vibrant sound from the Choir and his talents and leadership will be missed.
Starting in Fall, the PLC will be directed by an interim director, Teri Beemer, who is a former PLC singer and director. Teri will lead the choir and music instruction through the Jan 31st concert, our tribute to Hollywood. A formal director search process is underway.For more information about the position, please refer to this letter (PDF). Interested parties should send a resume and letter of interest to email@example.com
Interested singers: please contact us at email@example.com to let us know to expect you and so we can answer any questions. We accept new members for the three weeks of each term. We will accept new members again in the beginning of Feb 2015.
Regular PLC rehearsals are held every Wednesday evening 6:30pm-9pm at the Ainsworth United Church of Christ, 2941 NE Ainsworth Street, Portland 97211. We'll gather in "Michel Hall" (in the basement) with the entrance at the back of the building. We will be performing at the Q Center sponsored event, Gay Fair on the Square on September 14th as well as the Gay and Grey Expo (on October 11th). Our winter concerts will be held on January 30th and 31st, 2015.
Last season report: At the beginning of the last season, we sang at the opening of the Oregon House of Representatives as the legislature sessions began and we were sponsored by State Representative and House Speaker Tina Kotek. This amazing honor had nearly 40 choir members singing on Feb. 3rd, 2014. We also hope to sing at the next session of the Oregon Senate sponsored by Senate Majority Leader Diane Rosenbaum.
We began our formal concert season last year with a rockin' cabaret fundraiser, "Broads on Broadway" with special guest comedian, Belinda Carroll. Our exciting winter concert was titled "Come Rain or Shine", and our spring concert titled " "A Family Affair", was presented in conjunction with our special guest choir, the Gay Straight Alliance Youth Chorus of Portland.
The Portland Lesbian Choir is available to perform for minor performances. Last year we sang at the Gay Fair on the Square, the Gay and Grey Expo (Sage), and the downtown Rally for Marriage Equality sponsored by Basic Rights Oregon. We also took part in the Rose City United Methodist Church "Gayla Event" honoring the Portland LGBTQ Community. In 2012-13, we sang at the Portland Women's Crisis Line's Tribute to Domestic Violence Victims, the Oregon Bears' Holiday Show and Fundraiser, and "Zoolights".
The PLC is a non-audition community chorus welcoming all women who love to sing and laugh in harmony with other women, regardless of musical skill, background or experience. Join us for singing, skill-building, and fun. The PLC provides a supportive setting where members can improve their musical skills, and concerts include opportunities for solos and small group performances. Please email us any time at firstname.lastname@example.com for joining information or for minor performance consideration.
The Portland Lesbian Choir is a 501(C)(3) registered nonprofit organization, and we rely on the generosity of our fans and donors to enable us to make the Choir experience accessible to all regardless of ability to pay. Please consider making a secure tax-deductible donation directly here using the donate button to the left.


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This is a blue ribbon recipe, one of our top-ranked of all time!
See more of Epi's bestApple Tart with Caramel Sauce
Bon Appétit | November 2006
photo by Pornchai Mittongtare
Makes 8 servings
- 1 1/2 cups (packed) dark brown sugar
- 1 1/2 cups heavy whipping cream
- 6 tablespoons (3/4 stick) unsalted butter
- 1 1/4 cups unbleached all purpose flour
- 3/4 cup powdered sugar
- 1/4 teaspoon coarse kosher salt
- 1/2 cup (1 stick) chilled unsalted butter, diced
- 2 large egg yolks
- 2 tablespoons sugar
- 1 tablespoon unbleached all purpose flour
- 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon
- 1/2 teaspoon ground cardamom
- 6 large McIntosh or Golden Delicious apples (about 2 3/4 pounds), peeled, quartered, cored
For caramel sauce:
Bring sugar, cream, and butter to boil in heavy medium saucepan over medium-high heat, whisking constantly until sugar dissolves. Boil until caramel thickens enough to coat spoon thickly, whisking often, about 10 minutes. DO AHEAD Caramel sauce can be made 5 days ahead. Cover; chill. Whisk over low heat until warm before using.
For crust:
Blend flour, powdered sugar, and salt in processor. Add butter and blend until coarse meal forms. Add egg yolks. Pulse until moist clumps form. Gather dough into ball; flatten into disk. Wrap and chill at least 1 hour. DO AHEAD Dough for tart crust can be made 1 day ahead. Keep chilled.
For filling:
Whisk first 4 ingredients in large bowl to blend. Add apples and toss until evenly coated.
Preheat oven to 375°F. Roll out dough on lightly floured surface to 13-inch round. Transfer to 9-inch-diameter tart pan with removable bottom. Cut overhang even with top of pan sides. Press sides of dough to bring 1/4 inch above sides of pan. Arrange apple quarters, cut side down, in circle around outer edge of pan, fitting snugly. Cut remaining apple quarters lengthwise in half; stand in center of tart, fitting snugly.
Bake tart until apples are tender, about 1 hour 15 minutes. Remove tart from oven; brush with some of caramel sauce. Cool tart to room temperature. Rewarm remaining caramel sauce. Drizzle tart lightly with sauce. Serve, passing remaining sauce separately.
my notes
- Calories714
- Carbohydrates93 g (31%)
- Fat38 g (59%)
- Protein4 g (9%)
- Saturated Fat24 g (118%)
- Sodium108 mg (5%)
- Polyunsaturated Fat2 g
- Fiber4 g (18%)
- Monounsaturated Fat11 g
- Cholesterol161 mg (54%)
recipe featured in
recipe at a glance
type: Pie/Tart
main ingredients: Egg, Spice, Fruit, Milk/Cream, Apple
cuisine: American
holiday/celebration: Thanksgiving, Fall