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Economic Trade-Offs of Owning Versus Leasing a Solar Photovoltaic System
Jan. 27, 2015 Two new reports examine the economic options customers face when deciding how to finance commercial or residential solar energy systems. Analysts found that businesses that use low-cost financing to ... full story -
Converting Olive Mash Into Cash
Jan. 26, 2015 An experimental system to create heat and power with waste from olive oil processing is up-and-running in Spain. The system shows a promising way forward for reducing environmental damage and ... full story -
Calculating the Future of Solar-Fuel Refineries
Jan. 23, 2015 A team of engineers has developed a new tool to help engineers better gauge the overall yield, efficiency and costs associated with scaling solar-fuel production processes up into large-scale ... full story -
New Technique for Producing Cheaper Solar Energy Suggested by Research
Jan. 23, 2015 Pioneering new research could pave the way for solar energy to be converted into household electricity more cheaply than ever before. The global PV market has experienced rapid growth in recent years ... full story -
Decorative and Flexible Solar Panels Become Part of Interior Design and the Appearance of Objects
Jan. 21, 2015 Scientists have developed and utilized a mass production method based on printing technologies allowing the manufacturing of decorative, organic solar panels. Design freedom improves the range of ... full story -
Vegetation Can Help Prevent Soil Erosion Due to Wind
Jan. 20, 2015 Dust from soil erosion due to wind can affect human health, traffic, and, on a larger scale, climate. Investigators compared different models that quantify how the wind energy spreads over an ... full story -
First Public Lighting System That Runs on Solar and Wind Energy
Jan. 20, 2015 Scientists have developed the first autonomous industrialized public lighting system that works with solar and wind ... full story -
Perovskites Provide Big Boost to Silicon Solar Cells
Jan. 15, 2015 Stacking perovskites onto a conventional silicon solar cell dramatically improves the overall efficiency of the cell, according to a new ... full story -
Flexible Methane Production from Electricity and Bio-Mass
Jan. 9, 2015 Interlinkage of the power and gas grids is planned to make electricity supply sustainable and robust in the future. Fluctuating amounts of wind and solar power, for instance, might be stored in the ... full story -
Emissions-Free Cars Get Closer
Jan. 8, 2015 Hydrogen fuel cells -- possibly the best option for emission-free vehicles -- require costly platinum. Nickel and other metals work but aren't nearly as efficient. New findings help pin down the ... full story -
Wave Energy Integration Costs Should Compare Favorably to Other Energy Sources
Jan. 7, 2015 A new analysis suggests that large-scale wave energy systems developed in the Pacific Northwest should be comparatively steady, dependable and able to be integrated into the overall energy grid at ... full story -
Time to Reactivate Nuclear Energy in Mexico?
Jan. 2, 2015 A Mexican scientist has argued that nuclear energy is a real alternative to mitigate climate change damage from fossil fuel combustion in the ... full story -
Researchers' Recipe: Cook Farm Waste Into Energy
Dec. 17, 2014 Researchers are studying how to make biofuels from farm waste, especially 'wet' waste, such as corn husks, tomato vines and manure, that is typically difficult to use. They have developed a ... full story -
Comparing State Solar Policies to Determine Equation for Solar Market Success
Dec. 16, 2014 Scientists have used statistical analyses and detailed case studies to better understand why solar market policies in certain states are more successful. Their findings indicate that while no ... full story -
Switching to Vehicles Powered by Electricity from Renewables Could Save Lives
Dec. 15, 2014 Driving vehicles that use electricity from renewable energy instead of gasoline could reduce the resulting deaths due to air pollution by 70 percent. This finding comes from a new life cycle analysis ... full story -
Techniques for Minimizing Environmental Impacts of Fracking
Dec. 15, 2014 Natural gas power plants emit less carbon dioxide than coal power plants, but must be carefully managed to prevent air and water ... full story -
Nuclear Should Be in the Energy Mix for Biodiversity
Dec. 15, 2014 Leading conservation scientists from around the world have called for a substantial role for nuclear power in future energy-generating scenarios in order to mitigate climate change and protect ... full story -
New Technique Could Harvest More of the Sun's Energy
Dec. 9, 2014 As solar panels become less expensive and capable of generating more power, solar energy is becoming a more commercially viable alternative source of electricity. However, the photovoltaic cells now ... full story -
Storing Hydrogen Underground Could Boost Transportation, Energy Security
Dec. 9, 2014 Large-scale storage of low-pressure, gaseous hydrogen in salt caverns and other underground sites for transportation fuel and grid-scale energy applications offers several advantages over ... full story -
Is Natural Gas a 'Bridge' to a Hotter Future?
Dec. 8, 2014 Natural gas power plants produce substantial amounts of gases that lead to global warming. Replacing old coal-fired power plants with new natural gas plants could cause climate damage to increase ... full story
- Calculating the future of solar-fuel refineries
- New technique for producing cheaper solar energy suggested by research
- Vegetation can help prevent soil erosion due to wind
- First public lighting system that runs on solar and wind energy
- Switching to vehicles powered by electricity from renewables could save lives
- Techniques for minimizing environmental impacts of fracking
- Nuclear should be in the energy mix for biodiversity
- New technique could harvest more of the sun's energy
- Storing hydrogen underground could boost transportation, energy security
- Is natural gas a 'bridge' to a hotter future?
- Wind farms to do not affect property values, study finds
- Renewable energy support programs: New studies examine how and when they work
- Your own energy 'island'? Microgrid could standardize small, self-sustaining electric grids
- Natural gas usage will have little effect on carbon dioxide emissions, researchers find
- New mobile solar unit is designed to save lives when the power goes out
- Solar cells cheap enough to quickly cover their cost: Could double as semi-transparent blinds for windows
- Ahoy, offshore wind: Advanced buoys bring vital data to untapped energy resource
- Environmental costs, health risks, and benefits of fracking examined
- Steam energy from the sun: New spongelike structure converts solar energy into steam
- How to power California with wind, water and sun
- Net-zero energy test house exceeds goal; ends year with energy to spare
- Solar panels light the way from carbon dioxide to fuel
- Capturing carbon dioxide emissions needed to meet climate targets
- Cheap and enviromentally friendly: Tofu ingredient could revolutionize solar panel manufacture
- Scientists create new battery that's cheap, clean, rechargeable ... and organic
- Alternative energy evaluation: Net energy analysis should become a standard policy tool, scientists say
- NOAA GOES-R satellite black wing ready for flight
- New study uses blizzard to measure wind turbine airflow
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NEWTON's HOME PAGE
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Wax Removal
Name: Howard S. Status: educator Age: 50s Location: N/A Country: N/A Date: 2001 - 2002
We have a Hanukia (candelabrum for Hanukkah), with several layers of glass glued or fused, in some way, together; very modern item. The wax leaked to the second layer, from the top, by way of the holes where the candles are placed. The wax dripped through the candle holes into the "space" (really an incredibly small space) ... somehow there between the top layers of glass which, again, have been fused together just about completely.
So the question is how to break up these little "puddles" of solidified wax which have appeared under each hole for the candles. I cannot really see what freezing or heating the Hanukia would do; ultimately the wax would remain there under the holes where the candles would sit ... and remain there not broken up.
Is there some kind of fluid, acid, not harmful chemical which could break up these little "pockets" of solidified wax under the holes where the candles are placed. The fluid or chemical could be poured into these small candle holes and then the solution could be broken up because the fluid or chemical would "exit" the holes and end up where the wax has ended up ... between the two plates of glass that are fused ... and then break up the wax. In short, how can we remove wax build-up from candles on a candelabra that has gotten between two pieces of glass and where, therefore, you cannot rub it or scrape it off - or heat it off or apply cold/ice to? Is there a chemical? an acid? some other liquid-based removal process that can just, in a sense, "dissolve" the wax that has built up in a spot that one cannot get to with one's fingers or any kind of blade?
I believe jet fuel (kerosene) will work pretty well. :) However, you probably do not want to use that. I am under the assumption that this piece of glass is fairly mobile. If it is mobile, put it in the dishwasher. The hot water will melt the wax away. If it is mobile, but too big to fit in the dishwasher use hot water to melt the wax away. Or better yet, draw a bathtub full of HOT water (the hottest setting) place the piece in there and slowly agitate with some sort of object that allows you to keep your hands out of the scalding hot water. The wax should melt away and rise to the top (since most waxes have densities around 90% that of water). Next, wait for the bath water to cool off. Preferably, wait for it to get COLD. Skimming the frozen wax off the top layer of the water will be a trivial matter.
I hope I answered the right question.
-Darin Wagner
I am not sure I have a clear picture of the geometry here, but I have some ideas:
2. Freezing will make the wax more brittle and will help you physically remove any wax that you can reach.
3. There are commercial products for removing waxy materials. One I am familiar with is called "Goo Gone". It is very effective in removing wax, chewing gum, etc. Of course, try it out on a spot to make sure you will not damage the Hanukia.
4. "Mineral Spirits", which you can find in any paint or hardware store will also work.
5. If you need a more active solvent, you can try xylene, also available in hardware and paint stores.
In all these cases check to make sure the solvent(s) do not attack the "glue" you mentioned. You may have to repeat the process several times, so be patient.
Happy Hanukkah,
Vince Calder
Paraffin (candle) wax is soluble in any kind of hydrocarbon-based paint thinner -- mineral spirits. Though it may take a while to do the job, because the space is so small, I think it might work quite nicely in your application.
ProfHoff 383
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text:
Best of 2012: Seattle's global health powerhouses turn their attention to south King County
Editors' note: Each day during the holidays, Crosscut will revisit two top stories from the last year in a specific category. Today's focus is Social Services. This article was originally published March 7, 2012.
Morocco was the last place that Asma Bulale expected to spend her summer vacation when she started medical school. But several years ago, the 31-year-old former Somali medical student at the University of Washington decided to switch from cardiology to public health and become an AmeriCorps volunteer.
Last summer, Bulale began working with rural community-based health organizations in Morocco. A native of Mogadishu in northern Somalia, she visited health clinics in villages in dire need of basic health education. Eventually Bulale and her fellow volunteers set up clinics to do screenings for general health. That experience proved to be life changing.
Now Bulale is a community health promoter in another marginalized, low-income community where access to affordable health care is problematic: south King County. At first glance, applying the lessons learned from developing nations in North Africa, Asia, or Central America to residents in Tukwila and SeaTac might seem a stretch. But Bulale has learned otherwise.
South King County is home to a growing melting pot of newly-arrived refugees and immigrants who speak well over a hundred different languages, from Somali, Eritrean, Ethiopian [Amharic], and Bhutanese to Spanish, Arabic and Turkish. According to the 2010 Census, Tukwila now has the most diverse school district in the nation.
Besides the language barrier, immigrants in Tukwila and SeaTac face other formidable hurdles navigating the American health care system. Foremost among them is a basic distrust of western medicine. "They're very set in their ways because of their culture and religious beliefs," said Bulale, who is fluent in Somali and Arabic herself.
The nation's center for global health, Seattle seems the logical place for the development of new approaches to providing health care in under-resourced communities. Besides the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, organizations such as PATH, the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Institute, Seattle BioMed, Seattle Children's, Infectious Disease Research Institute, the University of Washington, and Washington State University are engaged in groundbreaking research in the kinds of medical intervention that Bulale and other community health promoters are delivering.
Three years ago, Dan Dixon and Dr. Rod Hochman set about looking for new solutions to the health-care needs of low-income residents in Washington State. Dixon, vice president for external affairs at Swedish Health Services, and Hochman, CEO at Swedish, hosted a gathering of 20 global health leaders in the region. That meeting eventually spawned the Global to Local Healthcare Initiative [G2L].
A collaborative partnership of the Washington Global Health Alliance, Seattle and King County Public Health, HealthPoint, Swedish, and the cities of SeaTac and Tukwila, the G2L project seeks to improve health outcomes and reduce health disparities in the target, underserved South King County communities of Tukwila and SeaTac through the use of proven global health strategies.
In November 2010, the project commissioned PATH, a Seattle-based global health organization, to do a landscape analysis, which confirmed many of the suspicions of local health experts. Along with its significant racial, linguistic, and sociocultural diversity, high rates of poverty, and poor health are the area's defining characteristics.
"We discovered in our assessment that SeaTac and Tukwila have large pockets of poverty with a health index nearly identical to Nairobi, Kenya," said Dixon. "We were shocked, and sobered. It seems patently unacceptable." The survey also revealed longstanding economic disparities between haves and have-nots.
Those findings are borne out by recent demographic surveys of south King County and Tukwila-SeaTac. Compared with King County, the health indicators in those two communities are among the nation's worst: higher incidences of chronic disease, increased infant mortality, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, asthma, and tuberculosis. A large proportion of the non-English-speaking residents are uninsured, and lack money and access to affordable health care. Local stores are inaccessible to transit and even lack fresh produce.
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text:
PARIS, January 18, 2011–At the turn of the 20th century, the musical landscape was transformed by an outstanding generation of pianist-composers. Among these, Leopold Godowsky was one of the most brilliant. It was a golden age for the piano: concert platforms were graced by the likes of Rubinstein, Paderewski, Hofmann, Leschetizky, Friedman, Horowitz, Rachmaninoff, and Busoni.
Leopold Godowsky ( February 13, 1870 - November 21, 1938) was unique among these giants in that he garnered unanimous praise among his peers, who nicknamed him 'the Buddha of the piano'. Artur Rubinstein once said that "it would take him 500 years" to acquire Godowsky's technique.
Numbering over 400, his compositions reflect a profound understanding of the piano's possibilities, unmatched even by Rachmaninoff. The Russian composer once wrote that "Godowsky is the only musician of this age who has given a real, lasting contribution to the development of the piano". Godowsky produced a treasure of compositions and transcriptions - while pursuing a busy life of teaching and performing - despite periodic setbacks and disasters that might have curtailed the output of a lesser man.
Godowsky was born near present-day Vilnius in February 1870. The area was part of the Russian Empire at the time, and most of its inhabitants were either Jewish or Polish; Godowsky was both. His father, a doctor, died 18 months after Leopold's birth while treating cholera victims. Shortly afterwards, Leopold and his mother moved in with Louis and Minna Passinock, friends of the family who had no children of their own. Louis Passinock ran a second-hand piano store.
A Child Prodigy
The early years of Godowsky's life greatly influenced the artist to come. From the age of three, he studied the violin with Louis Passinock and taught himself the piano, in addition to rudimentary theory lessons from Minna Passinock. He was absorbed with music to an astonishing degree, and seems to have laid the groundwork for his formidable technique well before he could read or write. He also played chamber music with Louis Passinock on a daily basis, becoming a cultivated and well-rounded musician at an age when most musicians are taking their first lessons.
As is often the case with child prodigies, his precocious talent led others to exploit him: 'Uncle Louis' booked concert tours for him when he was only nine years old. But his gift also attracted attention from several wealthy, altruistic patrons who would offer him access to the best music schools in Europe. Through two such sponsors, he was offered scholarships to the Petrograd Conservatory and the Berlin Hochschule. Passinock prevented him from accepting the Petrograd offer, however, and Godowsky left Berlin after four months at age 13 when he realized that he played better than his professor.
In 1884 he sailed to America and began to perform regularly in the same venues as well established pianists twice his age. A new wealthy patron, an American named Leon Saxe, took an interest in Godowsky and encouraged him to work on his credentials. The two set off for Weimar so the young man could study with Franz Liszt, but during their journey Liszt passed away. Undaunted, Godowsky and Saxe set their sights on Paris instead, the home of the second most famous composer and virtuoso of the day, Camille Saint-Saëns.
Saint-Saëns's Protégé
Saint-Saëns took an immediate liking to the boy, and the two met every Sunday for five years to play for one another and discuss music. It was not a conventional student-mentor relationship, however. Saint-Saëns, who had also been an exceptionally gifted prodigy, treated Godowsky as an equal. With the distinguished French composer's support, Godowsky was introduced to the most important musicians in Paris and made successful debuts in Paris and London. At one point Saint-Saëns offered to adopt him, but Godowsky refused, not wanting to change his name. It is titillating to imagine how his performance career and compositional style would have developed had he accepted the offer and settled permanently in Paris.
It was not to be: Godowsky's American patron Saxe died in 1890, and without financial support he returned to America. Soon after his return, Godowsky married Saxe's daughter Frieda and the young couple lived in New York City. While his concert career developed slowly but surely, Godowsky gave piano lessons in New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago to make ends meet. It was during this period that he began to compose his awe-inspiring Studies on Chopin's Etudes.
Chicago and Chopin
During a teaching trip to Chicago in 1893, Godowsky visited the World's Fair. He was so enamored of the scientific wonders on display that he encouraged his brother-in-law to spend his honeymoon there. The newlyweds traveled to the fair from New York but were killed in a horrific train crash, greatly upsetting the composer; he must have felt partly responsible. As a way of keeping his mind off the accident, he compulsively practiced the most difficult Chopin études, trying to rework his fingerings.
He came up with an ingenious new fingering which he tried to apply to the left-hand. To his surprise the left-hand version was even more natural and effective. Godowsky discovered that the left hand had just as much potential for virtuosity as the right, perhaps even more. A workaholic, he somehow found the time in between his concertizing, teaching, and growing family duties to publish 53 studies over the next 20 years, of which 22 were for the left hand alone, effectively inventing a new style of composition.
Although only 23 when he began work on his studies, Godowsky was already a sympathetic and popular teacher (his students nicknamed him 'Mr. God'). In 1894 he was offered a prestigious full-time position in Chicago, so he and his wife moved to the American Midwest. In a short time he conquered the hearts and minds of the city's leading musical figures, including Theodore Thomas, the founder of the recently formed Chicago Symphony Orchestra. A hugely successful series of recitals and concerto appearances followed in Chicago in 1897.
This article is part one of a two-part series that considers the life of composer Leopold Godowsky.
The author, American pianist Ivan Ilić, recorded his second CD for the French label Paraty, entitled "22 Chopin Studies" by Leopold Godowsky. The recording was released in France today, January 18th 2012.
Following Godowsky's death in 1938, his compositions were largely ignored until the year 2000, when super-virtuoso pianists such as Marc-André Hamelin and Boris Berezovsky began to record and perform his works in concert.
Ivan Ilić is the latest pianist to rise to the formidable challenge. His album focuses on the 22 Studies for the left hand alone, considered among the most difficult pieces ever written for the instrument.
This article is the copyrighted property of the writer and Communities @ WashingtonTimes.com. Written permission must be obtained before reprint in online or print media. REPRINTING TWTC CONTENT WITHOUT PERMISSION AND/OR PAYMENT IS THEFT AND PUNISHABLE BY LAW.


text:
In the earlier days of Gnutella, it was easier to get files because, although there were fewer users, the ones who showed up in the search were on a clear connection. Then, right after Napster died, there was a huge jump in the number of file. For a few months, it was really difficult to get a whole lot of meaningful results, especially at certain times of the day. But as the protocol matured (and perhaps the user base?) it settled down into a pretty good balance between popularity and usefulness.
I installed LimeWire Pro on an IBM Thinkpad T20 with SuSE 7.3 Personal edition. If you're going to put LimeWire on SuSE, you'll do well to uninstall the version of Java that comes with it, then download and install the latest Sun JRE before you install LimeWire. Otherwise it won't work. I already knew this from previous experience, but didn't heed my own advice and had to backtrack. LimeWire Pro installs without a hitch on Mandrake 8.1, though, the distribution I had on the T20 a few days ago.
When you pay online for the software, you get your own download page where you can pull down a version for Linux, Windows or Macintosh. You get access to the page for six months after the date of purchase, though the LimeWire license states that you're only allowed one copy of the software on one computer at a time, and a backup copy. On an interesting side note, the LimeWire license also states that "IS NOT INTENDED FOR USE IN THE OPERATION OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES, AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION OR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL MACHINES OR OTHER SYSTEMS OR DEVICES IN WHICH CASE THE FAILURE OF THE LimeWire software COULD LEAD TO DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PHYSICAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE." Okay, I guess all you air traffic controllers better stop trading files on company time.
If you're interested, there are some other restrictions in the LimeWire license worth noting: "(i) to infringe the intellectual property rights of others in any way (ii) 'stalk' or otherwise harass another; (iii) collect or store personal data about other users; (iv) collect or distribute child pornography or other obscene or illegal material; or (v) promote or provide instructional information about illegal activities, promote physical harm or injury against any group or individual, or promote any act of cruelty to animals (this may include, but is not limited to, providing instructions on how to assemble bombs, grenades and other weapons)."
Anyway, after LimeWire was installed properly, I found the interface to be clean and easy to use -- better than the free version. It was faster, too. Of course, there were no flickering animated ad banners to contend with -- which honestly doesn't make all that much difference to me -- but for only $9.95 I might as well pay to get rid of them, especially if it will help feed a hungry programmer or two.
A nice feature that is back in this latest version after a conspicuous absence: the ability to browse a host and see all the files available on an individual computer. I don't know how practical it is to have this, but the researcher in me likes to contrast and compare and make mental notes. For instance, most hosts I browsed during a recent unscientific study had more than three hundred files to share. Those with Britney Spears MP3s were more likely to also have porn files. Those with at least one software file available, usually had only software files available, and those with at least one music file available, usually had only music files available.
Also nice: the ability to simultaneously download a file from several hosts at once, making the download quicker. This is called "swarming." Other features: a built-in MP3 player; the ability to filter out certain hosts or keywords or file types; the ability to limit a user's downloads; chatting with those you're downloading from; filtering out files on hosts with low connection speeds or behind a firewall.
I've used just about all the Gnutella clients for Linux and they all have their good and bad qualities. For days when I just want to use the command line, gnut works just fine. But for days when I want the cushiness of a fancy GUI, LimeWire is the best. LimeWire Pro is a bargain and really does work better than the free version. I recommend you buy it.
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