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The Nuts and Bolts of a Green AV Installation, Part 2
May 3, 2010 11:38 AM, By Bennett Liles
Editor's note: For your convenience, this transcription of the podcast includes timestamps. If you are listening to the podcast and reading its accompanying transcription, you can use the timestamps to jump to any part of the audio podcast by simply dragging the slider on the podcast to the time indicated in the transcription.
What happens when you have to install a big AV system in a LEED-certified building that doesn't always meet confessional construction specs? Mark Morrison, Patrick DeZess, and Allan Childers of Audio Video Systems (AVS) found out on the headquarters of the U.S. Green Building Council.
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SVC: OK, Mark, Patrick, and Allan, we were talking about the AV installation that AVS did in the headquarters of the U.S. Green Building Council and as a leader in the green AV movement, AVS is working under this whole concept of energy efficiency that was kind of in line with the building's LEED certification. They have a lot of display monitors in that installation. I believe those were Sharp LCDs?
Morrison: Yeah, we actually ended up using the Sharp Aquos consumer-grade LCDs, and the reason we chose those, first of all, was the Energy Star efficiency that was built into them, where it actually turned off certain features sets when they weren't in use, and the other reason that we chose it was based on the Ethernet port. We were able to do remote monitoring of those panels through their network at the same time. [Timestamp: 1:30]
Yeah, that's really something. The whole concept that you put into this system is that things turn themselves off when they're not in use or in an operational mode when they're not expected to be used, and that's something that human operators are notoriously bad about doing is just leaving things running or having more things turned on than they really need. So what format are these displays? How many of them are there?
Childers: I believe there was 12 different Sharp Aquos displays.
OK, and they work by what, serial control?
Morrison: Yeah, pretty much [in] all of our systems, we try to use serial control for two-way communication as much as possible. So we used the Sharp Aquos. We used the serial connectivity to them and the actual cabling we used [is] the Crestron QuickMedia system so everything running to and from displays pretty much is Cat-5. [Timestamp: 2:15]
OK, and that includes the power amps and everything for the audio?
Morrison: We used the Crestron amplifiers in various spaces. Now, the outputs to those amplifiers are just standard analog cabling, but everything running between the different QuickMedia make … the switchers and the amplifiers and stuff is all Cat-5 cabling and we also use audio extractors where necessary too. [Timestamp: 2:36]
And, of course, doing it that way holds down cabling costs?
Morrison: Exactly.
They use ceiling speakers on this?
Morrison: Yeah, there's a combination. In some spaces, we use ceiling recess ceiling speakers, and in other spaces, we use wall-mounted playback speakers—depending on the various rooms and the applications. [Timestamp: 2:49]
OK, now as a LEED-certified building, I think this came up a little bit of a different animal for AVS. Was there anything that had to be done differently than the way that you were used to handling it? I mean, were there anything unexpected things that came up?
DeZess: We actually ran into a couple of interesting things in the course of the project where, as an integrator having not worked on a LEED project before this, we were kind of struck off guard a little bit on some of the stuff that we ran into. For example, the studs that were used in the facility were not a standard steel stud that you would run across in general commercial building. They were actually narrower in their size. So we lost about an inch of space that we were anticipating having within the wall cavity to install some of the integrative back boxes for touchpanels and things of that nature. [Timestamp: 3:39]
And these little surprises often don't show up on paper ahead of time but just kind of come up while you're cutting and hacking away and running cable and suddenly, "Hey, this thing's not supposed to be here."
DeZess: Yeah, that's when we found it with the install. We were actually in the field starting to put the back boxes in and realized that they stuck out a little further than they were supposed to. It made for some interesting last-minute phone calls trying to figure out how to deal with it. [Timestamp: 4:04]
Yeah, I'll bet it did. What kind of answers did you get? Did you get the cooperation that you needed or did you have to … what did you have to do to go around the problem?
DeZess: Well, really, what it come down to is it came down to our engineering staff working with our integration staff to make some modifications to some of the mounting hardware that we have so that we could properly accommodate the conditions of the building. [Timestamp: 4:27]
And you installed Boston Acoustics speakers, I believe?
DeZess: Yes, we put some surface on a Boston Acoustics speakers into some of the spaces within the building, and that was mainly an aesthetic decision to meet the look and feel that the client was looking for.
Morrison: During the actual design process, they were working with an architect. They wanted to keep a certain look and feel to the facility. For the most part, all of the stuff that we wanted to have visible we had to submit to the architect to get approvals for—just for the aesthetic practices. The speakers that were originally selected had been approved, but once we went to install them, they had changed their minds on what they actually looked like in the space. And then we did some research along with them, and the Boston Acoustics were identified based on the actual shape of them, the color, how they matched within the interior of the space, and things of that nature. [Timestamp: 5:16]
Yeah, sometimes it can be a little difficult to describe exactly out how something is going to look in a space that hasn't been completed. Did you have anything available from, say, previous installations that you were able to use to kind of demo things?
Morrison: Now, unfortunately, even during the original submittal process, a lot of the stuff that we had to submit were cut sheets and going to websites and looking at specifications and referring people to various areas. This, like the other areas, was pretty much looking stuff up on the Web, seeing what the color samples were, things of that nature, but we actually didn't have anything inhouse that we could compare it to at that time. [Timestamp: 5:51]
You said you had a number of LCD video displays. Are you having to deal with a lot of different video formats, or is it pretty much universal all the way through?
Morrison: We have mostly analog formats in the various spaces. We've got VGA for your computer, there's some video. [In] some of the other cafeteria spaces, they wanted the ability to hook up some gaming systems to those displays, so we had to integrate HDMI direct connects that are kind of outside the autosensing area that we had it for the various spaces install, but it's pretty much standardized on component, composite, VGA, and then in a couple of spaces, there's a little bit of HDMI connectivity. [Timestamp: 6:29]
So for their computer secondary monitor display, they can just reach into a pocket on the conference table and pull out a VGA cable?
Morrison: It either goes into a wall plate or a floor box, and then in some areas, I think there were cable cubbies that were installed in tables to pass the cables through. [Timestamp: 6:44]
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text: you asked... Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My seven-month-old, who used to sleep through the night, has begun waking several times and crying for more than an hour. When I go in there, all I have to do is rub his back for a minute and he falls back to sleep for a few more hours. What should I do? Want to participate? Log in to share your thoughts Re: My seven-month-old, who used to sleep through the night, has begun waking several times and crying for more than an hour. When I go in there, all I have to do is rub his back for a minute and he falls back to sleep for a few more hours. What should I do? It sounds like your baby may be experiencing the beginning of separation anxiety, Some parents are frustrated when this stage happens, but it's completely normal and truly a wonderful milestone in your baby's development. Separation anxiety means your baby has the cognitive ability to understand that you exist, even when he can't see you.Your baby will eventually become more comfortable with his newfound awareness. In the meantime, here are some ways you can teach him that when mommy leaves, she always comes back -- whether it's daytime or nighttime.First, give your baby opportunities to practice separating from you during the day. Start with playing extended versions of peek-a-boo with him. Disappear from his sight for a few seconds and then reemerge. Gradually extend the time you disappear to 30 seconds, and then a minute or more.Second, if you rarely separate from your baby, start making it part of your weekly routine. This will be helpful even if it's only for an hour or so. Pick a consistent time each week and make sure your child sees you getting ready to leave your home. He may protest at first, but resist the temptation to sneak out. In fact, involve him in the process of leaving. As you put on your coat, be upbeat and say something like, "Mommy is leaving but she'll be back soon!" Plus, More from The Bump: Tricky Ways to Help Baby Sleep Worst Baby Sleep Advice Ever Why Babies Cry (and How to Soothe Them) Conner Herman and Kira Ryan, cofounders of Dream Team Baby Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My 1 year old son has been experiencing this for about 3 weeks.... He is in Daycare 3 days a weeks and with my sister 2 days, so he is separated from us more often than not... He used to be able to fall asleep by crying it out and then waking up in the middle of the night a few times, but now he wont even fall asleep on his own, I have to sit in the rocker in his room until he falls asleep (I stay silent, but when he pops his head he sees me there and goes back down). We have tried to let him cry it out but it doesn't work. any suggestions to this??? 38nascar | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I have the same problem with my 7 month old daughter and would love suggestions too! We have been letting her cry it out since 3 months, as suggested by our pediatrician, but she still cries for at least 20 minutes every night. As she is getting older, she is getting louder, and it is heartbreaking. The pediatrician's only advice was to keep sticking with it, because some kids are tougher than others, but after months of training, I think it just isn't working. mlfbride | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Hi, my 7 month old, is also having the same problem. It seems 7 months is the magic month! I've given up, and I bring him into bed with me, and he sleeps right through now. But I'm thinking of trying the 2 way monitor, which lets you talk to your baby. Has anyone tried that? genelle.x | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My son is also 7 months old and we are having this problem too! He used to just wimper a bit when we were putting him down or in the middle of the night. But lately he SCREAMS like he is in pain and then starts smiling and talking the moment one of us appears over the side of the crib. He'll be completely asleep in my arms and then jolt awake screaming once I put him down. It's horrible. It's one thing getting him to cry it out when he goes to bed - takes about 3 times checking on him in 5-10 min intervals. but then in the middle of the night he is inconsolable. laurakfries | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? If "crying it out" isn't working, especially after an hour (!), your baby is telling you something. He just needs you - human babies are genetically meant to be close to their mommies. Ever heard of "kangaroo parenting"? Keeping baby close not only solves the issue of no one in the house sleeping, but gives baby a huge sense of confidence he will take with him forever. If your baby quiets down at the sight of you, great. If not, just take him to bed with you. If he's safe, what is the harm? That he'll get dependant on you? That's what you want him to do at this age right? PreggoT | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I totally don't agree! Why would you foster this? Not only is it not safe ( a parent could roll over and not realize it and harm the baby) but it also does not foster security and independence which every child needs to delvelop. Also, this also can cause issues in your marriage if a couple doesn't have private time in their own bed. There are other methods to try and I suggest that moms do the research and try different methods to see what works best. littlesushi | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I agree with (littlesushi) i have worked in childcare for 5 years and many parents have asked my help in getting children OUT of their beds because they just put the baby in with then since they were a few months old and after 2-3 years they have had enough...no intimacy with their partners and the child gets more anxiety...thinking they should be with mummy and daddy always. this is just my experience. i have a little 8mth old and she does cry for an hour some nights, but i just keep reassuring her i am still in the house by putting her dummy back in every 3-5 minutes, it is difficult at times but i feel she needs to sleep in her own bed :) Kelbe20 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My 7 month old will cry if I put her in the bed while she is awake. Sometimes her pacifier works for a few minutes. I've just started giving her her last bottle when I lay her down. She drinks what she wants and falls asleep. I just pull the door to where it is cracked. There is other noise going on in the house like the tv and my two other daughters getting ready for bed or even playing, but it doesn't bother her. I know putting her to bed with her bottle is not what some agree with, but i've done it with all three of my kids now and it has always worked. If you aren't getting the sleep you need, you aren't going to be active enough to play with your baby the next day or evening and will find yourself getting frustrated. It's so hard to do the right thing as the right thing in every child is different. For the person sitting in the chair and him knowing you are there, lay down on his floor and get a little sleep while waiting on him to fall asleep and then get up and go to your own bed. It's better than sitting in the chair having to be silent. Hope this helps! ShelbyandSydney | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I used the baby whisperer book for sleep training by Tracy Hogg -she wrote a second edition that is for infants through toddller age and I found it wonderful! I can't do the cry out method - tore my heart out, plus my son is a fighter so I needed something else. Check it out from the library first and see what you think but it covers sleeping, eating, and even potty training! So far, everything in that book has worked exactly how they said it would - it teaches you to learn to read your baby and to roll with the changes, cause even though he is trained to sleep on his own, every once in a while, like now, he goes through a period of waking up a lot, but now I know what to do for him and help him to get back on track! Tick | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Glad to hear it's not just us. Our son turned 7 months old yesterday and keeps waking at night for an hour. He's been teething but 7 weeks and still no new teeth so maybe this is part of it. I had thought it could be separation anxiety in combination with teething. My issue is once he wakes I can't fall back asleep for hours even after he's long gone back to sleep! Any tips? Also, is anyone else having issues with baby suddenly peeing through his diaper every night? Don't know if it's an age thing or that we switched to a bigger diaper (from swaddlers to cruisers). Even tried nighttime diapers and no luck. The wetness keeps waking him up and starting this whole thing some nights. kbrett1 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Kbret1, I had the same problem switching from swaddlers to cruisers. SOLUTION is pampers baby dry! OMG they are lifesavers! They are much softer than the cruisers too!!! AmandaPaLooZa | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? For a little more than a week now, my DD has been waking at least 4-5 times each night. Before this she was a solid 12 hour sleeper! Have those of you who have experienced this with their 7 month olds found it to be a phase? Relating to the nighttime leaky diapers: I had the same issue with leaky night diapers. After trying several different brands and styles, I found that Luvs worked the best and they also have a money back guarantee against leaks! mamcclure | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? There's something reassuring about several people saying the same thing is happening to them. At least you know its not your fault. 7 months seems to be the magic number too. I used to be able to "sshhhh" my child to sleep and back to sleep, but lately it hasn't been working. He resists sleep and sometimes screams bloody murder! Instead of taking an hour to get him back to sleep (and not being able to do what I need to do) I keep him up. I try to keep him entertained or comfortable (like sitting on my lap while I'm on the computer) so he doesn't get too fussy. When I go to lay him down he's so tired that he just rolls over onto his side and goes back to sleep if he happened to wake up for a second. bsannoh | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? A number of large- and small-scale studies have examined the effects of cosleeping on children. Some have reported no discernible differences between solitary-sleeping and cosleeping peers; others link cosleeping to better behavior, greater levels of happiness, fewer tantrums, less fear and fewer psychiatric problems. In adulthood, children who once coslept have been found to have higher levels of "confidence, self-esteem and intimacy". No evidence was found that cosleeping children became clingy or dependent as a result.(4) Mothers, too, may benefit psychologically from cosleeping. Many working mothers welcome the chance to reconnect with their babies after a day apart. Easy breastfeeding access means more sleep for both parties, resulting in a less stressed, less sleep-deprived mother. Moreover, many mothers who cosleep report that they enjoy the experience for the intimacy and security it provides. Read more at Suite101: Psychological Benefits of Cosleeping: How Bedsharing Emotionally Impacts Mothers and Babies http://www.suite101.com/content/psychological-benefits-of-cosleeping-a71446#ixzz10MKc5WHl laurawinter | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I highly DISAGREE with littlesushi. not only is it statistically proven that the mother will not roll over on their baby, but co-sleeping is actually BETTER for the baby. Myvdaughter & I sleep together & she is 7 months also. She sleeps better at night than in her crib & I sleep better too. Co-sleeping also bonds parents with their children & as of the rolling over on them, they have things you can buy that prevent that from happening. Co-sleeping used to be the absolute most NORMAL method, but for some reason in America it has turned into the most wrong method. It is the the best bonding method besides breastfeeding for baby & parents. Roxxeysmama | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Roxxeysmama: C-osleeping in many studies is defined as sleeping in close proximity (in the same room) but NOT in the same bed with an infant. Many parents do roll over on their children and furthermore, it's dangerous to have the child in an adult bed with large sheets and blankets that they can get tangled in. Hello SIDS! I have no issues with co-sleeping, and actually think it is wonderful as far as attachment is concerned. However, there are many ways to do it safely, such as a bassinet or co-sleeper unit in the bed for the baby. Sadebelle | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? "The Happiest Baby On The Block" by Harvey Karp. Run, don't walk to the bookstore and buy it. A must have If you ever want your baby (and you) to get down to a good sleep schedule! Its my bible! christeeprego | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? i also have a seven month old son, he is doing the same thing. he goes to bed at 7-8 oclock sometimes 9, depending on if we were visiting family. but, as soon as he goes to sleep he wakes every 2-4 hours. now, it cant always be hunger.. he eats so much during the day. before bed he has a good dinner and a bottle. i really dont understand it. he wakes 12-1, 2-3, and is fully awake between 4-5am. sometimes he wakes more. i tip toe around the room when i need to get up. he wakes at the slightest sound. he cries and cries until i come and pat his bottom back to sleep. i am so tired by morning time, its almost impossible to function. i dont know.. but, if someone out there has some advice, please please, share carolj32469 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? our 7 1/2 month old started this around two weeks ago. Up till then, he'd been sleeping through the night since he was 2 moths old. My husband I thought it was a recent cold or teething. We put him down around 7PM and he's been waking up every 2-3 hours crying his eyes out. Sometimes he seems to be crying in his sleep and not fully waking up. We also thought maybe he was having nightmares. He won't go back to sleep by just rubbing his back, which used to do the trick. The moment you pick him up, he's usually pretty much back asleep. The crying is very different this time also. It's more of a strangled cry like he's really mad that he's awake. It's hearbreaking, but we just keep reassuring him that we're there and sometimes night nursings if he seems hungry. Luckily tonight he's gone for 8 hours so far without a peep...and I'm the one who's up now at 4AM not sleeping! I felt so much better reading this board and seeing that other parents are going through the same thing! catarrhalis | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My daughter is going through this to. I had never thought about seperation anxiety as the problem. I go to work every morning but my husband stays home every day and is always here with her. I may try some of the tips provided above. Its nice to know we are not the only ones experiencing this. And catarrhalis, Ryan does the same thing, crying at night but not waking up completely. We thought maybe she had started teething but maybe thats not it this time. Hopefully this is just a phase and it will pass as well. And as for co-sleeping, my daughter won't do it anymore, once we moved her to her crib ONLY(when she was about 4 months old) she did not want to sleep in our bed anymore. She thinks its playtime if I do take her in there. starhorse218 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I have read all these answers- I have a 2 year old and a 7 month old, my 2 year old still sleeps in our bed and my 7 month old has never been able to sleep with us... Guess it's dependent upon the baby's personality and in my case- my children have been complete opposites since day 1. Although I have a foot in my back or an arm in my face I will never get these years back and wouldn't change this for the world. So I would say do what works for you! I know one day I won't have control over where/how they sleep so I don't mind getting up now- as long as I know they are in my home... safe! dsaldana | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I agree with Preggo T. I have NEVER had any problems at night with sleeping through the night. And I have SIX kids!! I breastfeed, and it's just easier to bring them to bed with me. None of them have to wake up crying or screaming....they just nurse back to sleep. I don't have to lose sleep either. It's a win-win situation! And I have to say that not ONCE have I or my husband rolled over on our baby! The only time I would say to never share a bed with your baby is if you have been drinking or are medicated. But if you're breastfeeding, then you aren't doing either anyway! =) juliebulie1975 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? laurawinter...you've been doing your homework! I so agree with you and Roxxeysmama. My motherly instinct does NOT lead me to believe that leaving my baby to cry by himself for long periods will foster security and independence but a sense of abandonment...I want my baby to learn to trust that his basic needs will be taken care of so he can become self confident. If his needs are met, and he still needs to release some cries, he'll do it in my loving arms... aisais | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? We are going through the same problem here with my 7 months old. He wakes up 1-3 times per night. I never had and will NEVER leave him crying , i am sorry but I find that if he is waking up scared and lonely , letting him cry is just worst. What i do is to rub his back or i breastfeed him, he goes back to sleep in 5 minutes... If it is around 6am I take him to our bed... lugaf | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I read all your comments, because I need urgent HELPPPP! I have a 7 1/2 moth old, I nurse him bit I´ve been giving solid foods twice a day. He wakes up 2 or 3 times at night always, I´ve tried to gove him a bottle but he cries until I nurse him, he doesn´t like the bottles. I don´t know if now is worse due this separation anxiety, but the urgent problem is that a dentist told me that he needs to do me 2 root canals and I need to stop nursing for a week in order to take some antibiotics. Last night I tried to feed him with a bottle and cried for hours, so I ended nursing him, What can I do???? Please advice, thanks! vanvanhu | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Ok so i hear all these comments on nightime seperation anxiety with your babies but what about us moms? my 7 month old son just got his own room and is no longer in my room at night and I am having the worst seperation anxiety. i wake up at every single little noise. even though i have the baby monitor on very loud right by my head im scared i wont hear him wake up but then my mother instinct wakes me up for EVERYTHING ELSE! kakniess77 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Thank you everyone! I am so glad to hear that I'm not the only one dealing with these issues. My son has been waking up more often at nite recently too. Sometimes due to leaky diapers, sometimes because he rolls over onto his tummy and wakes up freaked out I think! I'm trying not to nurse him back to sleep, but he also screams like crazy. I sometimes can "shh" him back, but then he seems to wake up the second I put him down also. I feel like down the road I'll miss these quiet times at nite comforting him back to sleep, but at the same time, I need my sleep too! It also seems to mess up his daily schedule (I use that term loosely, since he's breastfeeding on demand and he makes the calls!). Joy78 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? There are so many different methods because children are different. What works for one will not necessarily work for everyone. I say try them until you find the one that works for your situation and that makes you comfortable. I'm reading Babywise right now that my mom got for me, but it's not telling me anything new. My 7 1/2 month old has only slept through the night a handful of times, and if she wakes in the night she will not go back to sleep without nursing. The Target brand Up & Ups work great for us, but she screamed on the few occasions I've had to change her during the night. She takes after her dad, who didn't need much sleep when he was a baby so her naps are usually only 30 minutes and she only takes 2 a day most days. I get her to bed around 8, but she fights it. Every. Single. Night. Even getting so upset she made herself sick once. She's awake in the morning around 7- 7:30. The past few weeks have been worse due to teething (a top and a side tooth!), a cold and a growth spurt. It's frustrating sometimes to hear about my bff's baby who has slept through the night almost from the beginning and goes right down with no problems, but she's a different baby. I wouldn't trade my long-awaited miracle for anything. Ginger98 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I do not think anyone has a right or wrong answer here. We all have our different ways of taking care of our kids and that's mainly because no kid is the same, especially in the way they like to be cared for. My 7 1/2 month old sleeps in his bed and has since he was about 3 months and that's when I was ready to put him in it, not because I didn't want him in the bed with me. My son wakes up about 2-3 times a night and I honestly can't tell you why. Sometimes he wants a bottle or sometimes he will just go back to sleep on his own. More often than not his diaper has leaked he is soaking wet. Either way, I could not possibly put him in the bed with me because he is a wild sleeper and he would just try to play instead of sleep, but I really wish I could because sometimes I just want to cuddle with him. We all have our own methods, so noone has the right to say any of these women are right or wrong because it's whatever works for you and your baby. Find a routine and stick to it, that's what I have always done and he has to be the best baby i've ever been around. and that's not a bias opinion because I have had many compliments on how good he is. sammiejorey | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I am happy to hear we are not alone in this roller coaster ride with our son. Our son is 7months old, used to sleep through the night since shortly after birth. We transitioned him about a month or so ago to his crib in his own room and everything was fine for a while. He is a fighter when he first falls to sleep. Initially we thought that the wet diaper leaks were waking him up since he flips around so much. We switched to Luvs at night, it seems to keep him dry, but when he wakes he is covered in the little beads that keep him from getting wet! I have returned back to work and I do not get much time with him unless I am off. I am thinking this may be some of the problem. His sleep schedule is off as much as my husband tries, he will not go to sleep without a fight by 9pm. The moment I walk in the door, he wakes up and this continues through most of the night three to four times. I am exhausted from working a 12 hour or longer day and then I get a couple of hours in the night. Last night, I needed some sleep. I put him in his cradle and he slept through the night! Is it the smaller sleeping quarters he wants or the fact that he was in out room? I'd appreciate any feedback. ImCS | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? So, my daughter definitely is waking up a little more lately (she is also 7 months). She has always been a great sleeper because we have worked hard at getting her on a schedule. I think she is waking up a little more lately because her sleep schedule has been a little off due to an ear infection. But it is getting back to normal now that she is feeling better. I find that many parents that I speak to put their babies to sleep on the later side. People are usually very surprised that my daughter goes to bed at 6pm. But she usually sleeps until 5 or 6 am (which is perfect because I get to work very early). Try putting your babies down a little earlier. If I put Lorelai to bed later than 6, she is over tired and has a much harder time sleeping all night. As for the diapers, I use Huggies overnight diapers. I only have to use 1 a night and they hold so much more than regular diapers. She never leaks through them anymore. I also find Kirkland (Costco brand) diapers to hold quite a bit for nightime. Obi-Wan-Kababy | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My LO started having sleep issues around 6 months. I work full time and was so frustrated and tired. So I started researching frantically. A lot of people recommended co-sleeping. And a lot of people recommended CIO. I found a solution that works for us. We do a bedtime routine around 8 pm and I put her to sleep in her crib. On a good night, she will sleep for a fee hours then I bring her to bed with me and nurse throughout the night as needed. I feel more rested and I love all of those night time cuddles. One thing that convinced me is the evidence that consistently soothing and responding to your baby ultimately leads to a happier and more secure child. Some good stuff here http://www.drmomma.org/#uds-search-results. Dr Sears and Kelly Mom are also good sources. Sorry I don't have the Lino but you can google. If you are considering CIO, remember that it is a method that includes routine and a gradual build up for alone time for baby. Also, Dr Ferber, who started the method, later denounced it and said he wouldn't use it on his own children. Re: Babywise. It's also about establishing routine, which is good for babies. But don't be so set on the routine that you ignore your motherly instincts or baby's cues. Also the Ezzos, who wrote the book, last I heard their own children don't speak to them. So consider the source. Good luck mama. I know it's hard. I'm there and my DH and I were just talking about it and I said, this won't last forever. Before we know it, she won't want anything to do with us. :) MamaMarge8 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I am having the same issues as kakniess77! I have a video monitor beside my bed and it is very hard for me to sleep through the night without waking up to turn on the video monitor to check on Paisley. We waited until she was almost 5 months old to transition her into her own room because of some minor health issues, but she loves her own crib, and sleeps much better here than in our room. However, I get scared I am not going to hear her, even with the monitor right beside me so I end up checking the video and if she is uncovered I get out of bed and go cover her up, sometimes 2-3 times a night...She too is 7 months old and has started waking up a few times during the night as well, with no apparent reason so maybe it is separation anxiety?? I used to be able to pat her back and that would work, but recently I have had to rock her back to sleep...I am glad I saw this and know Paisly and I are not the only ones going through this. foxxyfish1 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My son sleeps IN bed with me for 6 months now and I have NEVER rolled over on him!! You know your baby is there neither of us move when were sleeping! So saying that youll roll over on you baby is totally false. atksjk2010 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? OMG my 7 months old son is also waking up crying, much louder the before, several times at nite, he sleeps in our bed right on my arm, if i only move him over a little bit he wakes up crying, he needs to be the closest to me, i never roll over him, but i feel that my husband and i dont get any time together. I breastfeed back to sleep which is bad but my husband has to get up early for work and he cries so loud he wakes up the neightbors, i am also very tired from my 3-11:30 shift at work so i do whats easiest at the time, breastfeed and he goes back to sleep. My husband is in change of putting him to sleep since i dont get home till midnite, is always been dificult to put him to sleep but is getting worse, some nites i get home and they are still awake. i been thinking i should stop breastfeeding so meabe he will learn to go to sleep without my breast, but i know breastmilk is the best for him so i dont know what to do. I just hope this is just a face and that he can go to sleep easier and tru the nite. Babies are different and as parents we just have to do the best we can, it may not always be what the xperts(who had great sleepers) say we should do.... One they they'll be older and this will be just a memory, so we should enjoy every moment with them, even at 3 am! hdoris19 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Have you tried playing with your baby before bed? My husband cuts a rug with our son, and tickles him, and gets him nice and tired, so when he is ready to put him down he falls asleep instantly.....worth a shot.... pretarica | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My 8 month old is just getting out of this stage. He goes down very easily at night after a little rocking, but would scream bloody murder when you try to put him down in the middle of the night. He has always primarily slept in his crib, and occasionally sleeping the last half the night with my husband and me. All of the sudden at 6 months, he stopped sleeping through the night (and he had only just started), and would wake up between 3-4 hours after he goes down at 10. He would fall back asleep while being rocked and nursed, but the second his head would touch the mattress of the crib he would start crying. We tried a few times to let him cry it out, but he is NOT a cry it out baby. He just keeps crying for over an hour, so we quickly stopped that method. Eventually we just broke down and would bring him to bed with us so we could all get some sleep, and he would sleep pretty good the rest of the night, waking up for the day at about 8:30. During this time he was cutting his bottom two teeth, then got an upper respiratory bug, then cut his top right tooth, and had a double ear infection. For the last three nights he as slept all night in his crib, only waking up once during the night. In his case, I guess it was just the teething and being sick that made him very clingy to me. Hopefully he is better now, and will stop sleeping with us, so we can have our bed back. As bad as it hurts to hear them cry and then feeling bad to let them sleep with you, sometimes you just have to ride out the storm and hope it gets better soon. Just remember that baby may be waking up for other reasons than to just wake up. At least that big smile first thing in the morning makes it all worthwhile. Enjoy the snuggle time. guineapig28 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I had a book recommeded to me and it works WONDERS!!! My child has slept through the night since he was 2 months old WITHOUT EVER "crying it out" The book is called the No Cry Sleep Solution By Elizabeth Pantley. xJenkellyx | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My 7 1/2month old daughter who used to go down at 7.30 every night smiling and laughing started crying when i leave the room a few wks back. I totally disagree with the mother's who say you should put your baby in bed with you! this is not good for the baby or your relationship with the dad. I have started the crying out routine, i was going in the room every 3-5minutes telling my daughter it's ok and mammy is only downstairs and have tried to go a bit longer. it took me originally 30-40mins to get my daughter off to sleep but after a few nights its taking 15mins. just stick it out and hopefully it will pay off. I believe a baby needs routine and if you stick to the same thing everynight the baby will settle. summer2608 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I agree with sammiejorey...there's no right or wrong way of raising your child. Some people 'may' be afraid of rolling over on their child and that's why they choose to not co-sleep but that doesn't mean that co-sleeping is wrong. My baby girl has been sleeping in her crib since she was 6 weeks old and during growth spurs or times when I just can't console her, I have brought her to bed with us to nurse so I can get some sleep. She is 7.5 months old now and just started waking up screaming once a night after she has been sleeping through the night (12 hours+). So, it must be a 7 month thing. I have used the book "Healthy Sleep Habits Happy Child" and everything in there has worked. Right now, I go into her room and console her...I try not to nurse her because I don't want her to fall back to a night feeding schedule again - What the book recommends. I tried to bring her to bed with us once, but because she has been sleeping in her crib since she was 6 weeks old it did not calm her at all. She did want me(or my husband) near, but not on our bed. She was mad!!!! Now, we just try to soothe her in the rocker with her pacifier. I would give the book I mentioned above a shot. Healthy Sleep Habits, Happy Child by Dr. Marc Weissbluth. He gives suggestions for different methods of sleep training and I think does a good job on accommodating different views on parenting. roci1inares | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I have the same problem with my 7 month old...he will sleep all night if he is in the bed with us or if he is my arms, but when I lay him down he will sleep for maybe an hour if the room is quiet, but if he hears the slightest peep of our voices he opens his eyes. at first it wasn't a problem he would just start talking and play with his hands, but now he cries and LOUD. it makes it even worse if I peek in and he sees me. My husband tells me to leave him and let him cry for a few, but it's so hard to see you baby sad. marriahj236 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? 7 months... he wakes up several times a night and all i have to do is go in and hold his hand and he goes back to sleep. my husband has tried, but my son only wants me. separation anxiety makes sense since he just started crying whenever i leave the room during the daytime. letting him cry does not work... he just gets more worked up. i am hoping it is just a phase and will pass soon. good luck to all you mommies and daddies... motherhood is hard. robbiejane | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My 7 month old son has started doing this, too. He'll wake up out of a dead sleep wailing. I go in, try to hold him, rock him, sing to him, nothing changes until I feed him (I'm breastfeeding). He eats ravenously from both sides, drifts right off to sleep and then sleeps for 3-5 hours completely uninterrupted. Not really sure if feeding him is the right thing to do, but I don't feel good about letting him cry it out if he's really hungry. I know they say most babies don't need food at night, but why does he take a full feeding and then drift off like that's exactly what he wanted? Even when he doesn't drift off after eating he's content to lay in his crib until he drifts off. Is he not getting enough to eat during the day?? melaniehrivnak | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I don't pretend to have all the answers, but I seriously feel bad for babies whose parents allow them to cry it out. I can barely stand reading about it. What is wrong with us as humans when we stop listening to our instincts because some doctor told us to leave our baby to cry himself to sleep. I'm literally sick about it. Why does a 7 month old need to learn independence??? My child is going to learn algebra someday, but he doesn't need to start now!! Sorry, I just hate the CIO method. I think it's cruel. The end. Jdub57 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I can't read ALL the responses here, but I'm glad to see some defending a more "Attachment Parenting" style (ie; co-sleeping). My goodness, how did we survive as a species if we rolled over on our infants in our sleep? Co-sleeping is the norm in much of the world still. Also, anyone who doesn't feel good about letting their baby "cry-it-out", there are LOTS of alternatives. The book, The No Cry Sleep Solution is a start. Lots of suggestions on http://www.askdrsears.com too. I'm not sure why CIO such a great idea if so many moms feel so bad doing it. Isn't that your mommy instinct talking? I don't demonize anyone for doing it, I just don't practice it & don't agree with it. stompykitty | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? It is so painful to hear that crying, but I totally agree with the parents here who are encouraging self-soothing! I have an eight month old, and for the last three weeks, he's been waking briefly in the night. I usually go into his nursery quietly and cuddle him (to initially soothe) and lay him back down again. Most of the time, he just rolls back over and I hear shores on my monitor within minutes! The co-sleeping idea at seven or eight months just isn't practical, and I would imagine it would foster intense dependence...maybe even co-dependence. It sounds good in theory- your baby wants to be with you- but think of the long term effects. I taught high schoolers for years and was continually disheartened by the number of enabled, dependent teenagers I encountered...if you research, you'll find that dependent children often become dependent teens! Logically, your baby needs it's mother most of the time, but you also need to lay the groundwork for a baby (then a child, then an adult) to solve their own problems and sleep soundly. Encouraging things like self-soothing, thumb sucking, self-feeding were all endorsed by my pediatrician! You're with your baby all day...you and your baby both need a break at some point! grosskopfk | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I have to correct a few comments.. To those of you who say its 'proven' that mothers dont roll over on their babies or false, etc.. Its absolutely a very real risk!! I wpork in the Emergency Room @ a childrens hospital & unfortunately have seen it 1st hand.. Ive seen infants die from being smothered or brain damage from lack if oxygen.. Ive seen babies fall off the bed & have skull fractures & brain bleeding.. With that being said, Ive slept w/ my baby a 'few' times & believe that you should do what you believe is right for your family.. But dont be fooled into thinking some internal instinct will protect your child while you sleep.. Ive seen it ruin lives numerous times & Im only in 1 hospital, imagine the cases across the country... bghitman | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I have a 6 1/2 month old son. Since he turned 4 months he stopped sleeping through most of the night. I have never let him cry it out because I think it is cruel first off. He is crying because he wants to be with you and feel secure. I have now come to realize my son only wants to sleep 8 hours at night not the 12 hours I thought he should have and he will take several 1-2 hour naps during the day. He will wake up a few times at night but he is back to sleep quickly. He did cry out loud for a bit recently when my husband and I have been getting him ready for bed but we just comfort him and let him know we love him very much. He has been going to bed easily since then. As well, moms use your instincts and I read an article about how other cultures care for their children and many of them have their children sleep close to them until they are over 1 years old. Plus our society is pushing independence on children too early in life we need to slow down and enjoy our bonding experiences with our babies. We are given a year off to spend nurturing and understanding the needs of our own children. Don't force your child to do something that may work for another, find out what will work for them. There is nothing wrong with what your child needs, which is the comfort of knowing mom is there even if it is a brief rub on the back to drift him off to sleep again. Eventually this will change and you will miss being needed by him. Enjoy bonding with your baby. malindazuber | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Jdub57- I totally agree. This letting your baby cry to learn independence is crazy to me. Poor little babies! rayas | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? cry it out is CRAZY. sometimes there is too much advise in life and alot of in when it comes to Mother's and their babies comes from...Men like pediatricians. Our daughter is almost 8 months old and YES she still gets up once or twice a night and needs a cuddle, etc. but isn't this why we have babies???? Not to "train" them but to out right love them and nuture them. Some day you will miss these nights when your baby crys out and needs/wants you. Sleep is overrated. :) bridepink | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Those of you that say "I sleep with my baby and I've never rolled over on him" make me SO angry!!!! The FACT that more than one newborn with very loving parents has passed away from being smothered by a parent is hard to ignore! Every parent makes their own choices when it comes to sleeping with your baby.... BUT you can't say that because I haven't smothered my baby it is safe. I haven't been in a motorcycle accident as well, doesn't mean I'm going to ride without a helmet! bridestamm0030 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I am so GLAD that other mom's aren't okay with letting their LO cry it out. I am having issues with my LO awaking up and crying but since she is our bed, it last all of 2 seconds and she goes right back to sleep. Everyone has to do what is best of them and their child. I am okay if my 7 MONTH OLD needs to be dependant for now. There are great articles and research that support cosleeping and how it creates confidence in children. proudfootja | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I have been sleeping with my baby since the day she was born. She is almost 7 months old. Not once have I rolled on her, and she sleeps between daddy and I so she can't roll off the bed. I honestly don't see a problem with it since it makes both of us feel more secure, and add in the fact that I breastfeed.. I love snuzzling up to my little bug. (: kadiesmom2011 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Also, I do not believe in CIO. I completely agree that it is okay for a BABY to be dependent on his or her mommy. Just like any other mammal. And when the time comes for her to sleep in her own crib, well, i'll deal with it then. (: kadiesmom2011 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I have read many of yall's comments and agree with some and not others. My son like many of you the last 2 months has had major seperation anxiety during the day and night. Yes, we have caved in sometime and let him sleep with us and he has slept on my chest. I thought this wouldn't be a bad thing. Although, my aunt is a nurse and she said a few weeks ago two parents had come in the hospital and lost their baby due to them having the baby sleep in bed with them. When babies lay on you or next to you they get SO comfortable that they get into such a deep sleep that they may forget to stop breathing. I know of this case and another friend of our that it happened to several years ago while the dad was sleeping with baby on top of his chest. Don't want to scare anyone just wanted to share the info. amandafinch | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I am currently reading "Healthy Sleep Habits, Happy Baby" its a step by step program for a good night's sleep. My son is almost 7 months and for the past month wakes up almost every night SCREAMING. Some of it has to do with teething but not every night. The Hubby and I have tried almost everything and a friend told me about this book which is supposed to help train babies to self soothe themselves back to sleep and the importance it has on the rest of the littles ones develpoment. Let you know how it goes, I hopeful since I have heard rave reviews from people. heado702 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My 4th child is now 7 months old and going through the same thing. Just like when my husband and I went through this stage with our other 3 boys, we moved the baby closer to us. With the first one, we put his crib at the foot of our bed and that helped him. The next two slept in the middle of my husband and I in our bed. I am an extremely light sleeper and would wake up at the slightest movement or sound - so basically I woke up a lot, all night long for a minute or two at a time. But with our current son, he is sleeping in a large, high-sided bassinet that is next to my side of the bed, touching it so that he feels when we move in the bed. My husbands snoring probably let's him know we are there. I don't want to go to bed early like with our other sons in the past so this son sleeps in a bassinet in the room where we watch tv quietly. He is right next to us to reassure him. THE MOST amazing thing about this son is that he has been talking since he was 2 months old! SO when this stage started happening, he woke up screaming and said "I had a bad dream". Maybe, just maybe, babies at this age are dreaming more or have had enough experiences to have scary or bad dreams... Which could contribute to waking up a lot and being scared or crying. lisacab | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? my daughter is almost 13 months, and me and my fiance can't leave her sight or shell throw a huge tantrum. and wehn other ppl come to viist for the day she crys when they leave the room. the worse is at night she'll sleep for about 3-4hrs in her crib and then wakes up screaming at about 1am she don't calm down till i hold her. i tried letting her cry it out, then tried rocking her back to sleep but when i try to put her back in her own bed she screams until i take her to bed with us. when she's with us she still wakes up screaming about every hour till i litteraly lay her on top of my chest. she used to sleep threw the night. at first i just passed it off as there was a lot of change going on we bought a house , so moved. and her biological father started having her for 1 overnight(and they hae a newborn also). but now we are both so sleep deprived i'm not sure what to do. i thought about moving her crib into our room for a month so she could get a little more use to the house. then try moveing it back onto her room.. help..... jaming56 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I know that CIO is not for everyone, but if you follow the methods listed in the book Solve Your Child's Sleep Problems by Richard Ferber, its really not abandoning your baby to cry hysterically until they fall asleep. You only start off leaving your child to cry for 3mins then next night extend it to 5mins and so on. The book is very clear as to how to make the method work for you and how to troubleshoot for many things. It also advises you on crib safety and clearing everything with your pediatrician so as not to leave a sick baby CIO when they really need you. I have used it for about a week now and the schedule and plan alone have helped put my mind at ease since I feel I have something concrete to follow. I'm very anxious because I'm starting a new job and LO will have to be on a good sleep schedule so we can BOTH function! Good luck on anything you choose! Sending warm thoughts and encouragement your way! mechengineer26 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I am having the same problem. i know he can't be hungry because we just fed him. He refuses to go to bed before 9pm, so that is the first thing we are going to try changing. and he puts himself to sleep- so it is not sleep training. The past three nights he has been waking up at midnight and staying awake till about 2am. Any new thoughts will be great. We personally are dont with Co-sleeping. and want him comfortable in his crib. huntgirl | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? We get up with our little one (almost 8 months) and put her pacifer back in. Usually she falls back to sleep on her own but sometimes she needs to be rocked. Babies cant really self sooth (their brains arent wired that way) so we are not trying the cry it out method...but to each their own. Sometimes she just wants a cuddle :) krodenberg | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Everything is a stage. My 8 month old will do alright for a few weeks, then will wake 2-3 times in the night for a few days, not because he still needs the nighttime feeding (he is still BF, with solids now) but it seems because he just needs the extra snuggles (aka separation anxiety). I'm not one for the cry it out method, and I haven't even had the discussion with my pediatrician because I know my baby boy, and we have tried CIO only to find he gets more spun up the longer we let him cry. I have read it doesnt work for all babies. I try to remember that it is normal for babies to wake at night and I relish the extra cuddle time rocking him back to sleep. He is separated from us M-F during the day because my husband and I both work full time, so any extra time with him is OK with me (but yes, those wakeful nights are exhausting). Before we know it our little babies will be little kids and all of these sleepless nights will be behind us, but so will the rocking chair cuddles, so try to embrace it as another fleeting moment in the adventure we call motherhood :) TheEasTeam | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Glad to hear that we aren't the only ones going through this. We always go in and either rock him back to sleep or bring him in bed with us for a bit, which means we don't sleep for the rest of the night. For us, this problem also exists in the carseat at night. I guess since it is dark, he can't see himself or me in his mirror. Any suggestions as to what do when he's in his carseat at night? Arianne1220 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? My baby boy almost 9 months has not had this issue. I am a nurse and have read a lot. Newborn psychology states that a baby will established caregiver relationship in the first 6 months of life. I never let my child cry for more than 10 minutes. I would and will sooth my baby at first sound of a cry. My baby has been cosleeping from day one in a newborn bassenettt to his pack and play, now. For now, he wakes me up in the middle of the night with his giggles and playing. He will play for how ever long, i dont stay up to see when will he fall asleep again, and falls to sleep all on his own. I do put on night sound machine for him all night long with a dim night light. my husband and i have grown to sleep with the frogs and crickets sound machine. Maybe, a soothing night sound machine will help with babies that wake up in a cry. My son was born premature and his doctor is very impressed with his development. All his doctors say that he has caught up with babies his age. My son has not gotten sick at all, knock on wood. I don't know but I feel that if a baby has a well established sense of security, the baby will thrive in many ways. Remember less time crying means more time invested in learning, developing healthy immunities, and healthier psychology. We do put him to nap in his nursery during the day. He will wake up all smiles very few times will he cry. Look, a child won't stay as a child for ever. They will grow and won't want you around all the time. blackpetal | night-separation-anxiety How about enough with opinions and simply say do what works best for you and your family! Impersonally have 3 children under, 2 year old twins and a newborn. The twins had to learn how to soothe themselves and yes have at times had to "cry it out" especially when they are so over tired and all the love in the world is not going to make them fall asleep! I also don't believe in bringing a baby into the bed for the full night. We cuddle and rest but mommy and daddy need their own time and their own space... Hence baby number three lol! Good luck everyone and the one thing I got from all these long winded answers and what I most agree with, whatever you are doing do it out of love and you are doing the right thing!!! nikkiredw | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Thanks for the valuable information and insights you have so provided here... Healthy Relationship with Foreclosure troy55 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Nice post! This is a very nice blog that I will definitively come back to more times this year! Thanks for informative post. manually backlinks service troy55 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting?I have read a few of the articles on your website now, and I really like your style. Thanks a million and please keep up the effective work. manually backlinks service troy55 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I will never understand how a mother can be so cold hearted towards an infant and let them cry it out! We coslept with my now 4 year old son and he now sleeps in his bed and has since he was 2 years old. He's not afraid because he knows he's always welcome in our bed. My 7 month old sleeps with us and we wouldn't have it any other way. We are not on drugs, prescription med, we don't drink and there's no reason why we would roll over on her. When we want to spend alone time we simply put her in her crib with whatever shirt I wore all day next to her so she has my scent and when we are done we bring her back to bed. It's been proven that CIO doesn't work! Babies can hyperventilate while crying and the lack of proper oxygen to the brain can cause brain cells to dye! They lived inside you for 9 months don't you think it's natural for them to only feel safe next to you??? Monkeymoo2008 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I think what you are doing is working, if he falls back to sleep once you offer a bit of comfort (i.e. rubbing his back) I'm sure that eventually he will stop waking and will start sleeping through the night. Right now, he just needs that extra bit of reassurance. I'm sure in no time, you will be back to getting some sleep too! Or possibly could he be hungry? My 8 month old often sleeps through the night but there are nights when she wakes up hungry, I nurse her and lay her back in bed awake and she goes back to sleep. spammer1979 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? I don't think anyone should be judgmental about the CIO method. There is sound medical science behind the approach, and there are plenty of wonderfully healthy, loved, and secure babies out there who cried themselves to sleep. My LO cries for about 10-15 minutes before falling asleep and in the morning she is smiling and happy and seems content. Although it is hard to hear her cry, I know she feels loved and secure. jcrising | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Have you had his ears checked? My son is now 8 months old and battled ear infections for months. He had six since he was a month old. He was finally big enough for tubes. The ENT said that he was born with extra fluid around his ears.., which caused a lot of pain from the pressure. We just thought teething was giving him fits... Turns out he was just in pain from his ears. He was waking up at night because of the pressure on his ears. His tubes have been in for three weeks now. Much better sleeper, a different baby! A lot more vocal now. I would have your son's ears checked. Smorgan5 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? my friend's sister makes $88 /hr on the internet . She has been without work for 8 months but last month her paycheck was $17299 just working on the internet for a few hours. read the full info here..... online work DonnaTBranham | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Just reading through this thread and wanted to share something. Working in the medical field I have seen first hand the effects of co-sleeping gone wrong. I will never forget the first time l saw a baby come in to the ER; sadly dead on arrival. One of the parents rolled over on the baby and the baby suffocated. Please mommas co-sleep safely with a side sleeper or a bassinet that goes right on the bed & don't assume these things can't happen to you because you don't normally roll around in your sleep. kkalinski | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Although our little monster is not a great sleeper, and never has been, I do want to comment on the amount of un-education about co-sleeping. It is COMPLETELY safe, and if you do extensive research (meaning, REPUTABLE sources, not "i knew a woman once...") you will see that the majority that roll on their children are under the influence of some substance. you will also learn that it is a completely basic sleeping set up that our human ancestors did. Babies WANT/NEED their parents sometimes, and NO SCHEDULE or "cry it out" bull honkey is going to change that. in fact, if they are crying more than TWENTY MINUTES (?!?!) they are TRYING TO COMMUNICATE. And again, this communication could just be the need to cuddle their mommy or daddy. BTW- I am a Psychologist and writing a book right now pertaining to this awful rumor of crying it out. Also, think as an adult- if you were screaming and crying and blubbering and all you needed was someone to hug you, but no one did, imagine HOW AWFUL that would be. :( 3 Ashimoo36 | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? Bed sharing has been studies that show it lowers chances of SIDs. Most moms dont roll on their babies. This has been and still is the main sleeping routine for babies and mommies world wide. Americans are known to be more independent within families than other countries. See DR.Sears article online about sleep. Sleep training is not the fail safe. Many children are psychologically damaged by "cry it out" meyhods. There are studies that link these methods to poor relational skills. Also, the opposite of independence. When you give baby what they need, it actually breeds confidence and indepence in them when they are supposed to be more independent. They arent supposed to be independent when their brain cant even think that complex. SIDS is die morr to off gassing of regular plastic mattreses. Tons of studies on this! Do research. Do what feels right instinctually not what people tell you. Marriages get creative and make more of a point to find moments of intimacy with bed sharing. Its worked over the ages and in many cultures. My baby sleeps well and can focus energy on growth and development instead of learning that they cant trust their parents to fulfill their emotional needs early in life. mcjcm | Q&A: Night separation anxiety? after sitting and reading all these posts. these are my thoughts. they are babies. they need us. I have a 7 month old. he is also in this phase. we need to pull up ur big girl panties and hold our baby. cuddle them if that's what they need. because as young as they are, they actually miss us when we are not around them. I do it..... every night. you ask why??????? its because they will only be this age once. and knowing that they feel secure and loved is what gives me peace of mind and I can sleep better for the next 3 hours or so....... take care mama bears. staceymunsamy | Want to participate? Log in to share your thoughts

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Packaging and External View
Our drive came to us as a press sample, so it did not include a retail box or fancy manual. But this is not a big deal since the drive was just released and at this level of performance who really cares about getting a fancy box or paper that tells you what an SSD is.
On the surface the G-Monster V5 looks like just about every other 2.5" form factor solid state drive.
I was surprised to find that the Warranty Void if Removed sticker was blocking access to the screw hole that would be used to mount the drive in many notebooks. The product identification label blocks the adjacent hole as well. This is really kind of a rookie mistake on PhotoFasts part and the company should address this issue in the future.
Here we see the power and data SATA connectors and they are where they should be .
On the side we found the mounting holes to be unobstructed and ready for installation.


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Document Type Doctoral Thesis Author Bekker, Michiel Christiaan email@example.com URN etd-11112008-162737 Document Title Project governance for capital investments Degree PhD Department Graduate School of Technology Management Supervisor
Advisor Name Title Prof H D V Steyn Supervisor Keywords
- project management
- evaluation
- planning
- public investments
- capital investments
- performance management
Date 2008-09-02 Availability unrestricted Abstract The performance of capital projects, in terms of meeting cost, time and performance requirements, has always been questionable. Despite the availability of project management tools, techniques, processes and advanced software applications, the overall non-performance of large capital projects has seemed to stagnate over the past century. Calls by financiers and participating stakeholders have been surfacing since the 1980s for a different approach to the management of development and implementation of capital projects, especially those that extend into multiple countries. Rather than exploring the development of radical new ways for managing the life-cycle of large capital projects, this research focussed on conducting a review of general management areas and their response to institutional failure.
Towards the end of the 20th century the corporate world experienced much turbulence and controversy with respect to responsible financial and corporate management. Various corporate scandals were reported, the result being the development and implementation of various forms of corporate governance principles. The roll-out and application of corporate governance soon became a global imperative with a fairly positive impact on responsible corporate citizenship. Given the success and global acceptance of corporate governance, the potential application of the principles contained in corporate governance guidelines, and even legislation, in the field of capital projects, was investigated. The view of projects as a form of temporary organisation was used to establish the parallel between general and project management practices, resulting in reference to the term project governance.
In general project management literature, the term 'project governance' is used in various applications, namely information management protection, project control and even to indicate project portfolio management. However, no commonly agreed upon definition for the term was found. In order to contextualise the term 'project governance', an in-depth literature study was done on the evolutionary development of corporate governance as well as the characteristics of large capital projects. Given the literature background, a Delphi study was conducted among experienced and knowledgeable project practitioners and academics to establish a common definition and framework for project governance. Two important observations from the Delphi study were first the requirement that project governance should be strongly aligned with corporate governance principles and second and that a typical project governance framework should be fairly generic with flexibility to allow for customisation for specific applications.
Given the input from the Delphi study, two corporate governance frameworks were selected as the basis from which to compile the principle backbone for a Concept Project Governance Framework (CPGF). In order to allow for the multi-country, multi-company participation of large capital projects, especially where established companies from the West are involved in projects in the developing world, the corporate governance frameworks of the United States of America (USA), namely the Sarbanes Oxley Act and the King II Report from South Africa, were used. These two frameworks represented the thinking and corporate drives of the two respective countries, and for that matter, the developed and developing worlds. With input from the Sarbanes Oxley Act, King II, Delphi results and literature review, the CPGF was constructed for testing on various case studies.
The case study research was conducted in two phases. The first phase, also referred to as the primary case studies, comprised an in-depth study on two large projects involving cross-border participation by various local and international companies and stakeholders. Although it was intended to select a mix of successful and unsuccessful projects for the primary study, the unwillingness of project managers involved in unsuccessful projects to reveal information made the inclusion of these project cases not viable for this study. The two primary case studies selected were based on successful projects. The extent to which these projects formally or informally adhered to or did not adhere to project governance principles as stipulated in the CPGF was evaluated. Apart from a review of literature on the primary case studies, the nominal group technique (NGT) was also employed to extract embedded information from project role players. Their input was documented and incorporated into the CPGF.
In order to confirm the general application of the CPGF, a set of secondary case studies was conducted. These case studies comprised a total of 15 capital projects, selected from various sources and industries. These projects were categorised as being 'successful', 'questionable' or 'a failure'. The reasons for the outcomes were plotted against the existing CPGF criteria and it was evident that the reasons for success or failure could be traced to specific areas in the CPGF. According to the CPGF, the most prominent areas that determined project performance, whether failure or success, were the composition of the steering committee as well as adherence to ethics, responsible conduct and conflict of interest.
Given the results of the research, the study concludes with a proposed Project Governance Framework (PGF) to be applied to large capital projects, especially during the initiation phase of the project. It is believed that adherence to the generic stipulations listed in the PGF will contribute positively to the successful outcome of large capital projects.
Copyright 2008 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in his work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria.
Please cite as follows:
Bekker, MC 2008, Project governance for capital investments, PhD thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11112008-162737 / >
Filename Size Approximate Download Time (Hours:Minutes:Seconds)
28.8 Modem 56K Modem ISDN (64 Kb) ISDN (128 Kb) Higher-speed Access 00front.pdf 301.46 Kb 00:01:23 00:00:43 00:00:37 00:00:18 00:00:01 01chapters1-2.pdf 660.64 Kb 00:03:03 00:01:34 00:01:22 00:00:41 00:00:03 02chapter3.pdf 715.56 Kb 00:03:18 00:01:42 00:01:29 00:00:44 00:00:03 03chapters4-5.pdf 832.28 Kb 00:03:51 00:01:58 00:01:44 00:00:52 00:00:04 04chapters6-7.pdf 796.88 Kb 00:03:41 00:01:53 00:01:39 00:00:49 00:00:04 05chapters8-9.pdf 440.70 Kb 00:02:02 00:01:02 00:00:55 00:00:27 00:00:02 06back.pdf 1.03 Mb 00:04:45 00:02:26 00:02:08 00:01:04 00:00:05


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I was highly disappointed by these lipsticks. They are drugstore-quality but at department store prices. The lipsticks can't even compare to MAC, and the taste was not very good. What made me even angrier was that I ordered it from the website, and the lipstick did not last very long before it started going foul. I am a BIG makeup fan, but this gets low marks in my book. Sorry, but I won't repurchase at all.
I have the matte lipstick in Clove. Its just the right shade for me because the color is rich without looking too heavy. Zhen is one of the few brands that compliments my skin color.
More reviews by Matilde_5_11_77
Colors are really only meant for asian skin, so if you are not one of those people, don't bother.


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What do you think? Give us your opinion. Anonymous comments allowed.
anonymous (07/17/2013) [-]
ugh i wish we could domesticate animals to the point where they're extremely docile. i want so many dangerous animals as pets.
#32 to #21
justbeinabrony ONLINE (07/18/2013) [-]
After some crazy Siberians or Eskimos decided to keep wolves as pets, later spreading to the rest of the world before the last Ice Age domesticating them as sled dogs or hunting dogs or what have you, eventually interbreeding over thousands of years to the different breeds of dogs we have today.
TL;DR it took it really really long time because of crazy badasses
TL;DR it took it really really long time because of crazy badasses
#35 to #32
teenytinyspider (07/18/2013) [-]
That's why more people, who know what they're doing, need to keep some of these dangerous animals and we can start domesticating them. Sure, it'll take a long, long time, but someone has to do it or it'll never get done. And before a PETA person goes off screaming,'THEY BELONG IN THE WILD' some of them are going extinct. Yes, it is our fault as mankind as a hole, but some of them are being poached, which the government of those countries won't do anything about. The only way for some of these animals to survive is to domesticate them.
tl;dr: Study up, do research, get knowledge, get a dangerous animal as a pet.
tl;dr: Study up, do research, get knowledge, get a dangerous animal as a pet.


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Toro Rosso's Jaime Alguersuari is to launch his debut music single "Organic Life" on September 14.
Alguersuari, a keen DJ who operates under the name DJ Squire, has recorded the track in his own music studio in Barcelona. A double-CD album will be released by the Spanish label Blanco y Negro after the Barcelona launch following the Italian Grand Prix.
The album will feature electronic music as Alguersuari follows another of his passions, having said last year: "I am crazy for music. I couldn't live without it."


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January signifies the beginning of the calendar year and, for those in the Musical Instrument Industry, the time for the NAMM Show. Around this time of the month, manufacturers and retailers alike start to run specials with terms like "NAMM Show Specials" or "New at NAMM."
Some may wonder, "what is the NAMM Show?" and might remember that it's "a Trade-show thingy or something." To those that asked the question, it is a "Trade-show thingy" and it is something. The NAMM Show is a big deal to retailers and music manufacturers and means little to everyone else, but what comes out of it is cool for everyone.
NAMM is old, very old and stands for the National Association of Music Merchants. It started back in 1901 as a consortium of piano dealers that wanted to share ideas on business acumen and also make sure they were keeping up with best practices from other …


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Tue, May 15, 12 at 11:29
This is how we know summer has arrived around here. When there is a dog on every A/C vent. It's time to get out the kiddie pool and fill it up so the splashfest can begin! |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by spedigrees (firstname.lastname@example.com) on Tue, May 15, 12 at 12:56
They know how to stay comfortable! |
- Posted by murraysmom (My Page) on Tue, May 15, 12 at 15:59
Smart dogs!!! Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha!! |
- Posted by murraysmom (My Page) on Tue, May 15, 12 at 16:07
Smart dogs!!! Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha!! |
Cute! I know it is summer when my cats get longer (stretching out full length that is), and winter when they get shorter and sit on radiators. |
- Posted by arkansas_girl (My Page) on Fri, May 18, 12 at 19:03
Once when I lived in a mobile home, my dogs LOVED the vents! Adorable pictures! :) |
Smart dogs! The AC isn't on yet here, but the doggie pool has been cleaned three times already. I finally got one with a plug last year so the emptying and cleaning is a little easier. |
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Wycliffe (WYC) | New International Version (NIV) |
12 and health is not in any other. For neither other name under heaven is given to men, in which it behooveth us to be made safe. | 12 Salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to men by which we must be saved." |
Copyright © 2001 by Terence P. Noble. For personal use only. (Wycliffe Bible) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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We encourage responsible drinking and therefore need to ask a few questions. This information will not be used to contact you in any way. Please do not enter this site if you are not of legal purchase age or alcohol in your country of access.
By entering this site, you accept the terms of use and privacy statement.
The Apple Martini is unrivaled amongst its cocktail contemporaries for glamor and urban sophistication. One sip of this luminescent libation and you will feel the warmth of the spotlight. Vibrant green apple juice makes this cocktail a great match with salads and seafood.
1.5 oz Stirrings® Simple Apple Martini Cocktail Mixer
1.5 oz Smirnoff® Vodka
Garnish: apple wedge
Fill a cocktail shaker with ice and add ingredients. Cover and shake vigorously. Strain into a martini glass. Garnish with an apple wedge.


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Despite what those numbers say, the Cleveland couple recently celebrated their 53rd wedding anniversary, hitting another milestone of their commitment to each other and their faith.
Littrell, a United Methodist Church parish pastor of 50 years who retired in 2006, said he believes the secret to their success is a willingness to work through their problems, even when doing so is not easy.
"When my wife and I were married, if something was broken, we fixed it," Littrell said.
Both Kentucky natives, the couple married young. He was 18, and she was 16. Chloe was a pastor's daughter, and they met at her church in Central City, Ky., where Littrell was also serving as a youth preacher. After the wedding, the couple went into ministry together, as they have been for their entire married life.
"Sometimes things were for better and for worse," Littrell said, adding that their vows to each other were more important than any disagreements.
As a pastor, Littrell counseled many couples on marriage issues. Though he has seen many broken marriages, he calls divorce "regrettable." He believes divorce is "a sin" but said that it, like all sins, can be forgiven.
"I have never encouraged or recommended divorce to any couple," Littrell said. "I appeal to mercy and forgiveness."
He said he has not encountered a situation that couldn't be improved with those two things.
When Littrell speaks of his faith, he does so with what he learned while earning three college degrees. He earned his bachelor's degree at Evangel College and his master's at Missouri State University, studying theology and history for both. He later earned a doctorate degree in historical theology from the Candler School of Theology at Emory University.
The couple's passion for sharing their faith has taken them both outside the classroom and the country. Still, they appreciate where they currently live.
"My wife and I have traveled in eight foreign countries," Littrell said. "But Cleveland is the best place we have ever known."
Their most recent trip overseas was to the Mary Diana Samuel Home, an orphanage in Tiruvallur, India, in March 2011. They helped provide Bible-based activities for the children in an event Littrell said was similar to a vacation Bible school event in an American church.
Littrell said a minister's life is not always easy, but he and Chloe have learned to rely on faith over time.
"We've lived a simple lifestyle always thankful for the Lord's provision," Littrell said. "There were times we didn't live in our own home. One year, financial support was so low that we didn't have an automobile. But we trusted God to provide our need, and he did."
Long before Littrell met his lifelong ministry partner, he knew he would be in ministry.
"I knew from the time I was 5 years old," Littrell said. "That's unusual — I know that. There was an inner desire to preach."
He said his maternal grandmother, "an old-fashioned sanctified Methodist," told him that God had told her he would be a preacher someday. He thinks his classmates and teachers in school must have noticed his knack for preaching too, because he was often cast as the minister in school plays.
But life was not always easy for him, even with the peace of mind of knowing how he wanted to spend his adult years when he was still a child.
"I was reared an orphan boy from the time I was 10 years old," Littrell said. "So it's easy for me to relate to the poor, disenfranchised and marginalized in society."
He became passionate about helping others, and his future wife also shared that passion.
"When my wife and I married, we entered into ministry immediately," Littrell said.
Both husband and wife have each pastored churches over the years. Terril pastored 10 churches over a span of 50 years, and Chloe pastored three churches in over 10 years.
They ministered as many social changes happened throughout the years in the United States, including the Civil Rights movement and other changes regarding feminism and abortion. They were trying to get churches to collaborate on community service that they hoped would meet both the physical and spiritual needs of people.
Littrell said he received criticism for focusing on helping the poor instead of just preaching. But he argued that he was practicing what he preached, he said.
"So often many of the affluent in the church do not see the poor nor hear the cry of the needy because they have not felt their pain," Littrell said.
In this election year, he believes that communities should not rely on their governments to help the poor among them. It is the responsibility of churches, he said. He stressed that his faith takes precedence over any political party.
"God calls us to be our brother's keeper," Littrell said. "Jesus clearly tells us to love our neighbor and to be concerned about the poor and needy."
Since he has retired, Littrell has been able to devote more of his time to community service.
"Presently, my wife and I are involved in ministry with 10 different organizations," Littrell said. "I serve on the board of directors of five groups."
When it comes to the things he and his wife have done to help the community, Littrell has a long list to share. Through their work with various organizations, the couple has provided counseling, tutored disadvantaged children, delivered meals, provided temporary shelter to homeless people, given wheelchairs to disabled people and more.
The Littrells have two children, a son Donald and a daughter, Terrie Kirkpatrick, as well as two grandchildren. Donald has a son named Luke who is currently a senior at Lee University, and Terrie's daughter Tiffany lives in North Carolina.
When it comes down to it, Littrell can sum up his life's mission in two words: "the cross."
"It's all about the cross," he said.


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I love what Zac Posen does for his eponymous ready-to-wear collections, so that makes the awfulness of his diffusion line Z Spoke all the more shocking. It has a couple of winners, like an awesome flared bustier dress, but the rest of it is (in my opinion) pretty terrible. Perhaps that explains the deep, deep discounts on almost all of the items? [Suit Waist Dress, $309 at Zappos; Structured Shoulder Bag, $425 at Endless]
- Popular


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Thoracic Surgery |
Keyhole incisions and specialized equipment are used for a robot-assisted thoracic procedure. |
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc. |
American College of Surgeons http://www.facs.org
Society of Thoracic Surgeons http://www.sts.org
Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health http://www.cadth.ca
Canadian Lung Association http://www.lung.ca
Rea F, Marulli G, Bortolotti L. Robotic video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy. Multimedia Manual of Cardiothoracic Surgery website. Available at: http://mmcts.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/2005/0324/mmcts.2004.000422. Published March 24, 2005. Accessed July 25, 2013.
Sympathectomy. New York Presbyterian Hospital website. Available at: http://www.nyp.org/health/sympathectomy.html. Accessed July 25. 2013.
Thymectomy. Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America website. Available at: http://www.myasthenia.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=BIVoreOXJGo%3D. Accessed July 25, 2013.


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This contemporary kitchen is a mix of cutting-edge modern and industrial touches. It is equipped with top-of-the-line appliances and luxury materials like marble on the countertops and the island.
In this rustic neutral kitchen, handmade colorful pendant lighting accents the kitchen island area.
This contemporary kitchen's stark palette and extra-large island could easily be overwhelming if not softened by the inviting benches and chandelier lighting. Exposed ceiling beams -- while distinct -- give the kitchen cozy charm. Even the professional-grade appliances are the perfect scale for this grand space.
A refinished hardwood floor speaks the language of history in this charming kitchen.
This modern kitchen features a large, eat-in island with Lucite chairs. Frosted glass cabinets and a reflective glass backsplash keep the gray cabinets from appearing too dark.
This farmhouse kitchen sink and stainless steel faucet shine against the gray marble countertop and gray cabinets. The top cabinets have glass doors for easy dish storage.
Smooth ceramic wood and polished marble countertops create beautiful finishes in this modern kitchen. Unique, spiky pendant lights add some contemporary flair and shape to the sleek design. A dark backsplash made of small tile in shades of brown adds a contrast to the light, soothing color palette.
Shimmering subway tile and sleek quartz countertops set off white cabinetry in this California kitchen. A custom stainless steel range hood rises to the peaked, beamed ceiling. The taupe-painted island features beadboard paneling that fits with the cozy vibe of the open kitchen.
This lovely, light-filled kitchen boasts both a built-in bar area with an espresso maker and storage above and a wine fridge below.
This custom kitchen works overtime with dishwasher drawers, multiple spice nooks, a walk-in pantry and an espresso machine. The green soapstone countertops provide contrast against the fresh white cabinets.
The expanse of cabinets seems to go on forever in this sleek modern kitchen. A black tile floor creates a crisp, chic color contrast with the otherwise white design scheme.
Natural light helps make this white modern kitchen even brighter, bringing out its crisp, geometric lines. Long stretches of clutter-free counter tops and a kitchen island provide tons of space for food preparation.
This contemporary kitchen displays cream colored cabinetry matched by the cream leather bar chairs seated at the wooden island with dark countertop. Two chandelier pendant lights hang from wooden ceiling beams. The open design of this space allows for a smooth transition from the kitchen to the living area.
A mix of modern and traditional elements combine for a kitchen and breakfast room that feels spacious, inviting and bright. The black-and-white chairs and colorful striped rug add eye-catching pattern to the mostly minimalist space, featuring a stainless steel range hood and white cabinets.
A gray and white tile wall anchors stainless steel opening shelving this contemporary kitchen. Recessed ceiling lights, glass pendants and under-cabinet task lighting make it shine and sparkle.
This sleek white kitchen has a modern feel with clean-lined cabinets and stainless steel finishes.
This traditional kitchen has a rustic feel with a stacked-stone hearth, mosaic tile backsplash and rubbed bronze faucets. Soapstone on the main counters pairs well with the granite on the large island.
Elegant pendant light fixtures hang from the ceiling of this large contemporary kitchen. A large kitchen island provides a seating area for dining, while stone walls and floors complete the overall look of this space.
Kathleen Perkins
Image Courtesy of Kathleen Perkins View original photo.
Heather Guss
View original photo.
Beckwith Interiors
Lori Dennis
Brian Patrick Flynn
Christopher Grubb
Arch-Interiors Design Group. Inc. View original photo.
Regan Baker
Anastasia Faiella
Sarah Barnard
Sarah Barnard View original photo.
Eisner Design
Eisner Design View original photo.
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Shirry Dolgin View original photo.
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Teresa Ryback View original photo.
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Laura Umansky View original photo.
Mary Jo Fiorella
Catherine Nakahara
Drury Design
Inspiration, decorating ideas, remodeling tips for your kitchen from the kitchen and bath experts at HGTV.com.


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Professional Information:
Year of Call: 1980
Year of Silk: 1993
Devil Masters: The Rt. Hon. Lord Macfadyen
Qualifications: LL.B (Hons) University of Dundee; LL.M Tulane University, New Orleans
Stuart Gale is an experienced Senior Counsel whose particular specialism lies in town and country planning law and land use. He has a particular interest in land form and geology. He has acted for the Parliamentary promoters of major transportation infrastructure projects such as the Glasgow Airport Rail Link Bill and the Port of Cairnryan Harbour Empowerment Order. He recently acted for the objectors to the Aberdeen by-pass. He is also an expert on the legal and technical implications of offshore incidents, in particular in relation to gas escapes and explosions, and has acted in inquiries and prosecutions for several of the major oil companies operating in the North Sea, including the Ocean Odessy blow out in 1988 and the Brent Bravo incident in 2005. He is recently acted for the designer of the MFV Trident in the reopened inquiry into her sinking and the loss of her crew in 1974. He has also written and lectured on judicial review with a particular interest in allocation of public resources cases.
Notable cases:
Tel (Clerk): 0131 260 5830
Fax (Clerk): 0131 225 3642
Email: email@example.com


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An ex-Marine who's spent the last ten years as the only full-time investigator in the sheriff's office, Alejo is a veteran of the witness stand. He came across as affable but durable -- a Mike Mazurki type, capable of shrugging off jabs, haymakers and anything else the defense could throw at him.
Yes, he recalled his first conversation with Krystal Voss in the emergency room. It took some time to get her attention, to get her off her cell phone. He sounded slightly annoyed at the memory. He didn't bring a tape recorder or advise her of her rights when he questioned her a few days later in Denver because, he explained blandly, he hadn't come to arrest her.
As Alejo told it, the statement Voss made about shaking her baby just came out of nowhere. "I told her Patrick had been arrested," he recalled. "She was talking freely...within five to ten minutes, she kind of put her head down. She stopped talking. She looked back at me, and her eyes were watery. I said, 'Things happen.'
"She tells me that on the thirtieth, Kyran had had stomach problems.... She grabbed Kyran and shook him two to three times violently.... She told me she was not gentle with him," Alejo said.
"I just looked at her. To be honest, I didn't know what to say. I realized I just got a confession. I asked her if she could please put that in writing for me."
On cross, Cole established that Alejo often didn't tape interviews, relying instead on handwritten notes that were shredded after he wrote up his reports. His reports and prior testimony in the Voss case had numerous omissions and errors, the attorney noted. He'd mixed up statements given by Ramirez at different times, mischaracterized photos taken at the Voss home, misstated dates and events, failed to interview all relevant witnesses and generally conducted a less-than-ideal investigation.
"I'm not the brightest guy in the world," Alejo said disarmingly. "Sometimes I get confused."
But he was adamant that he hadn't coerced the miraculous confession from Voss.
From that point forward, the prosecution's case seemed to gather steam. The next witness was Kathryn Wells, a pediatrician and medical director of the Denver Family Crisis Center, who gave a lengthy PowerPoint show on shaken babies. Wells, who'd examined Kyran at Children's Hospital, testified that his injuries could have occurred hours before Ramirez arrived. She also believed that his bruises "seemed to be in different stages of evolution" -- another detail pointing at Voss.
Closely questioned by the defense, Wells conceded that there was no reliable way to date bruises unless they were already turning yellow; her report had described the bruises as purplish. But the defense's biggest hurdle wasn't the medical evidence -- which, CSI scripts to the contrary, didn't instantly identify the perpetrator -- or even the unflappable Alejo. It was a county social worker named Marcia Tuggle, who'd interviewed both Ramirez and Voss about what had happened to Kyran.
Tuggle was the case's October surprise. Alejo had been present at her meetings with both suspects but had failed to mention these events in his reports. Tuggle didn't file a report with Alejo on her interviews until almost eighteen months later. The defense didn't learn that Tuggle kept notes on the meetings until more than a year into the discovery process and didn't obtain access to her notes until October, three weeks before the trial began.
The notes were dynamite. Tuggle's meeting with Ramirez had taken place after his arrest but before his "change of heart" with Alejo. It was a transitional interview, with Ramirez still telling pieces of the old story about Kyran's accidental fall but trying out new bits of information. He told Tuggle he was upset that Voss hadn't asked about him since his arrest and said that he'd had time to think about things.
According to Tuggle's notes, Ramirez said he didn't think Kyran hit the ground "hard enough to hurt him." He wasn't that careless with the child and may not have dropped him inside the house at all: "He doesn't think he hurt the child enough" to cause such dire injuries, read one note. Maybe Krystal had done it the night before or earlier that day by shaking Kyran. He didn't want to take the rap for the parents, whom he considered "fake" and "deceitful."
That interview didn't help Ramirez's credibility, but Tuggle's notes on her encounter with Voss were even more damaging to the defense. The caseworker had met with her at Children's Hospital minutes after Voss had written her statement for Alejo. The ostensible purpose of the meeting was so Tuggle could explain that the county was seeking a temporary custody order for Kyran, as is common in abuse investigations. But within a few minutes, Voss was confessing again.
"Krystal stated that she was really afraid that she had hurt her child," Tuggle testified. "He was whiny and upset Thursday night late. She had shaken him really hard, then slammed him down on the bed and rubbed his stomach vigorously. She was afraid she caused bruises and left marks. She was also crying and saying she had no patience with her child."


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Quotes & Info
ARCP > SEC Filings for ARCP > Form 8-K on 30-Dec-2013 | All Recent SEC Filings |
Other Events, Financial Statements and Exhibits
On December 30, 2013, American Realty Capital Properties, Inc. issued a press release which is attached to this Current Report on Form 8-K as Exhibit 99.1 and incorporated by reference herein.
(d) Exhibits
Exhibit No. Description
99.1 Press Release dated December 30, 2013