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Document Type Master's Dissertation Author Tiran, Ilse email@example.com URN etd-11052012-131537 Document Title Musicking through transition : first-year international students' experiences of creative improvisation in group music therapy sessions Degree MMus Department Music Supervisor
Advisor Name Title Prof M Pavlicevic Co-Supervisor Mrs H Oosthuizen Supervisor Keywords
- first-year international students
- transition to university
- musicking
- expression through music
- creative improvisation
- group music therapy
- collaborative musicking
- group groove
- interpersonal connection
- developing relationships through music
Date 2012-04-17 Availability unrestricted Abstract This qualitative study explores the experiences of creative improvisation in music therapy sessions of a group of 12 first-year international students. The students took part in a group music therapy process which consisted of eight sessions. Music therapy is explored as a possible approach for offering first-year international students valuable social, emotional and psychological support in light of literature findings that note the continuous struggles faced by international students in their transition to university. Data collection was in the form of a focus group interview, which was conducted after the final session, and two video excerpts from different sessions within the process. I drew on these data sources to explore how music is used as a medium for expressing and sharing first-year experiences, and how the group music therapy sessions afford students opportunities for the development of mutually supportive relationships. Data were coded, then categorised and in this process, themes emerged. The emergent themes suggest that creative improvisation in group music therapy sessions facilitates moving from disconnection to building more friendships and deeper relationships; creates a platform for increasing openness towards exploring, expressing and sharing experiences and emotions concerning being a first-year international student; and how music as an alternative medium to verbal and/or other expression for expressing and interacting, allows for this expression of emotions and experiences, and connection in the group. The findings indicate that it was in expressing and sharing their experiences with one another through musicking that students were able to develop mutually supportive relationships. Copyright © 2011, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of PretoriaPlease cite as follows:
Tiran, I 2011, Musicking through transition : first-year international students' experiences of creative improvisation in group music therapy sessions, MMus dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11052012-131537 / >
Filename Size Approximate Download Time (Hours:Minutes:Seconds)
28.8 Modem 56K Modem ISDN (64 Kb) ISDN (128 Kb) Higher-speed Access dissertation.pdf 7.78 Mb 00:36:02 00:18:31 00:16:12 00:08:06 00:00:41


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Linden House SurgeryTel: 01372 375666
Gilbert House SurgeryTel: 01372 276385
Our practice is one of the oldest in the country. It was founded in 1908 by two German doctors who settled in this country; Dr Von Bergen in Leatherhead and Dr Reichwald in Ashtead. The practice now has 15 doctors across the two sites, Gilbert House in Ashtead and Linden House in Leatherhead. We aim to retain the best of traditional family general practice whilst incorporating modern healthcare.
For the last forty years we have been training medical students and doctors who wish to specialise in family medicine. We offer a variety of specialist services and have a close working relationship with all of our local hospitals.
Linden House - Car parking spaces, including disabled spaces, are available in the pay and display car park opposite the surgery.
Gilbert House - Car parking is available in the surgery car park. Reserved spaces for the disabled are clearly marked.
Both surgeries are easily accessible by wheelchair and have disabled toilet facilities. If access proves to be be difficult to any of our facilities we would be happy to consider any suggestion for improvement. To see a map or for additional contact details please click here.
If you would like to get more involved in the surgery, please click here to find out more about our patient participation group (PPG).
The partners at the practice have a personal medical services contract with Surrey Downs Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG). The CCG is responsible for the commissioning of primary care services. If you require further information please click here to go to their website.

subset: commoncrawl


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HP Spectre 13 x360 breaks cover, looks like a Yoga 3 Pro twin
Unannounced Broadwell-based laptop arrives with premium features in tow.
Unannounced Broadwell-based laptop arrives with premium features in tow.
UPDATEDSony's next flagship, the expected Xperia Z4, won't launch until summer, says one report.
UPDATEDStay on top of your New Year's resolutions with our list of the best fitness trackers to help you get back shape.
Oculus will reportedly unveil a new in-house business called Oculus Story Studio that will look at virtual reality films.
UpdatedMore details regarding Windows 10 emerge from our in-depth interview with Microsoft's Terry Myerson.
Acer hasn't seen great success yet with smartphones, but the Taiwanese company is still trying.
UpdatedIn the market for a new laptop? Don't press the 'buy' button without reading our in-depth guide.
Buying GuideThese are the best Chromebooks on the market that we've reviewed, always up to date.
UpdatedDish has seemingly done the impossible with Sling TV, and cord cutters should be very excited.
The Acer Chromebook 13 is the first Chrome OS laptop to use Nvidia's energy-efficient Tegra processor.
HP has created a somewhat ruggedized tablet for education. Can it withstand the brutal force of a roomful of children?
mini reviewStunning design and audio performance deliver, but can't stand in for missing features and a high cost.
UpdatedSteam Machines may be delayed, but the OS is in beta. Here are our thoughts so far and the latest details.
A brand not known for its fitness credentials comes up with a running watch
Microsoft's latest giant whiteboard doesn't get in the way of meetings, a big plus for business users.
Hyundai's standout Blue Link system includes Apple CarPlay, Android Auto and a start smartwatch ignition.


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Final Thoughts
While we have seen other websites have a quick look at the performance given by the 12 to 16 pipeline mod, we have gone right through our usual benchmark suite which allows us to get a better look at where the extra pipelines will improve performance. It would be a safe bet to say that most users looking at a mid-range graphics card will consider an X800GTO which is capable of being modded to the full 16 pipes, because you're getting similar Radeon X850XT performance at around $100 US less.
For interest sakes, the Sapphire X800GTO² Limited Edition comes clocked at the modest default reference speeds of 400MHz core and 490MHz memory. Most Radeon X850XT cards come clocked at 520MHz core and 540MHz memory. When overclocking the Sapphire card, we managed a higher memory clock speed than the default X850XT but the core overclock was about 40MHz slower.
Extra performance can be seen throughout our testing and even though the graphics card didn't want to overclock as much when we unlocked the extra pipes, it still performed faster then the pre-modded tests at higher clock speeds.
The flash only takes a few minutes but as always when it comes to modding and overclocking your components, you do have to take the warranty factor into account and think if its worth taking the risk that you could possible lose your warranty if you couldn't flash back to a default BIOS.
If you do have a Sapphire X800GTO² Limited Edition good luck with the mod and if all goes well, we are sure you will be pleasantly surprised with the extra free performance given. You can let us know of your results by posting in our forums!


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[November 13, 2012]
SolidFire Delivers New All-SSD Storage System for Cloud Providers; Enables Next Evolution of Enterprise Cloud Adoption; First Customers ViaWest, Databarracks, Calligo, And CloudSigma Smash The Status Quo With Guaranteed Performance SLAs In The Cloud
(M2 PressWIRE Via Acquire Media NewsEdge) London, UK -- SolidFire, a provider of all-solid-state (SSD) storage systems designed for the cloud, today announced worldwide general availability of its high-performance, all-SSD storage systems as new customers ViaWest, Databarracks, Calligo and CloudSigma roll out unprecedented services with guaranteed performance SLAs. SolidFire's SF3010 and SF6010 storage nodes set the bar for cost-effective high-performance cloud storage. These systems allow cloud providers to deliver performance guarantees that bring business critical and performance sensitive applications like Oracle, SAP, and NoSQL variants (eg. MongoDB, Cassandra) into the cloud for the first time.
SolidFire is the only all SSD storage system designed exclusively for cloud service providers. By combining revolutionary scale-out architecture with patent-pending Quality of Service (QoS) controls, cloud service providers can now set and maintain consistent performance to thousands of applications within a shared infrastructure. With this launch, providers are now equipped with the most consistent high-performance storage environment to confidently run all of their customers' tier-one applications.
SolidFire Creates New Business Opportunities For Cloud Service Providers Hosting business-critical and performance-sensitive applications represents a massive opportunity for cloud providers. With SolidFire, they can profitably deliver guaranteed performance services below the cost of traditional high-performance disks, and are able to back those services with firm performance SLAs. Currently, more than 20 additional cloud service providers worldwide are evaluating SolidFire to expand and support their cloud offerings.
"The ability to host a broader range of a customer's compute workload is at the heart of cloud provider differentiation, profitability, and long term success," said Dave Wright, founder and CEO of SolidFire.
"As one of the largest privately held data center providers in the U.S. with customers like Red Robin, Patron Tequila, University of Texas at Dallas, eCollege, Guitar Center, Symantec and Frontier Airlines, our continued success rests on our ability to innovate and serve the evolving needs of our most discerning enterprise customers," said Jason Carolan, CTO of ViaWest. "By adding the SolidFire storage system, we will provide a whole new set of IT services predicated on performance guarantees and industry-leading SLAs." "SolidFire has the potential to fundamentally change the way customers leverage the cloud," said Databarracks Technical Director Oliver Mather, "Today we support the backup of over 10PB of data for thousands of customers in the U.K. and globally. Yet the cloud is evolving far beyond backup, and with SolidFire we can now extend services to our customers and support their most sensitive and business-critical applications. We are evolving our infrastructure and services in line with our customers' demands of the cloud. In most cases, with SolidFire we are able to provide better performance at a lower cost than customers can get with their on-premise infrastructure." "Rather than just throwing SSDs in an array, which anyone could do, the SolidFire technology allows us to bring down the price of SSD to compete with mainstream HDD," said CloudSigma CTO, Robert Jenkins. "We are saying goodbye to magnetic storage all together, and with SolidFire we have dramatically improved the performance of our entire cloud. CloudSigma customers will now be able to get much higher virtual machine performance at the same price as before. It is like putting a more powerful engine in your car and not having to pay for it. SolidFire is our default storage medium and we expect this to have significant impact on our growth rate and existing customer base going forward." SolidFire Nurtures Cloud Service Provider Channel For providers, predictable and cost-effective technology is only half of delivering a successful cloud. Developing the right go-to-market strategy, programs, and SLAs are essential to conveying these new services to enterprise customers. With revolutionary technology and dedicated go-to-market support, SolidFire is helping cloud providers develop, position and deploy services that separate them from the competition.
"SolidFire is ushering in a new era in cloud computing with the general availability release of the SF3010 and SF6010," continued Wright of SolidFire. "Cloud providers world-wide are now able to deploy a scalable storage system that delivers guaranteed performance below the cost of disk, and confidently host their customers' high-performance applications." Pricing and Performance The SolidFire storage systems are built through the combination of up to one hundred SF3010 or SF6010 nodes over a 10GB Ethernet network, making the system capable of delivering over 2PB of capacity and 5 million IOPS. The SF3010 and SF6010 are sold directly, and more information about both products can be found at
Additionally, you can join SolidFire Founder and CEO Dave Wright, and Director of Product Management Adam Carter, for a live webinar demonstration on how SolidFire's Quality of Service (QoS) technology is helping cloud providers differentiate services, increase profits, and thrive in a hyper-competitive market.
About SolidFire SolidFire delivers high-performance data storage systems for cloud service providers. Leveraging an all-flash scale-out storage architecture with patented volume-level quality-of-service (QoS) controls, providers can now guarantee storage performance to thousands of applications within shared infrastructures. By using real-time data reduction techniques and system-wide automation, SolidFire is fueling new and profitable block-storage services that are advancing the way the world uses the cloud.
Learn more: www.solidfire.com www.twitter.com/solidfire www.facebook.com/solidfire.
Press Contact: Peter Beck Tel: +44 (0)1189 001133 Email: email@example.com Helen Beasley PR Account Executive C8 Consulting Ltd Marketing campaigns that drive business growth.
Direct: +44 (0) 118 900 1135 Email: email@example.com Web: www.c8consulting.co.uk Twitter:
((M2 Communications disclaims all liability for information provided within M2 PressWIRE. Data supplied by named party/parties. Further information on M2 PressWIRE can be obtained at
on the world wide web. Inquiries to email@example.com)).
(c) 2012 M2 COMMUNICATIONS
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After compiling a list last month of the 20 sexiest ugly people, the editors at Nerve have just published a list of the 20 unsexiest beautiful people — "a shapely gang of cold fish for whom beauty is, sadly, only skin-deep." The list includes the obvious names you'd expect to see on a list of people whose traditional good looks do nothing to spark even tinge of sexual charisma: Tom Cruise, Gwyneth Paltrow, and ousted Miss California Carrie Prejean, as well as a few debatable choices like Reese Witherspoon, Leonardo DiCaprio, and Elisabeth Hasselbeck (I'm sure there are quite a few right-wingers who find her sex appeal downright magnetic). As thorough as the list is, I couldn't help but notice some glaring absences of pretty obvious names. After the jump, my pick for ten more of the world's unsexiest beautiful people. Keep reading »
Zergnet: Simply Irresistible
- Popular


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Blur swap places with The Stone Roses to headline weekend two of Coachella Festival
The Stone Roses will no longer be topping the bill at this weekend's Coachella Festival in California as they did last Friday.
Blur - who opened for the Manchester legends on the festival's main stage on April 12 – will now close the Coachella Stage this Friday (April 19) on the second weekend of the festival.
The Stone Roses headlined the opening night of the festival in front of a small but dedicated crowd, running through a set heavy with fan-favourites, including 'I Wanna Be Adored', 'Made Of Stone' and 'Waterfall', in addition to frantic renditions of 'This Is The One' and 'I Am The Resurrection'.
Blur, who played before the Roses, delivered a greatest hits performance that included classic tracks ranging from 'Beetlebum' and 'Out Of Time' to 'Tender', 'The Universal', 'This Is A Low' and 'For Tomorrow'.
Uncut is now available as a digital edition! Download here on your iPad/iPhone and here on your Kindle Fire or Nook.
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For one week only, subscribe to Uncut from only £15.35 and save up to 50%! Don't miss out on this great offer as it won't be around for long. Please note, the 50% discount is available to UK Direct Debit subscribers only.


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What our customers say...
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Comfort and Fit UGG footwear should be snug, but not uncomfortable. UGG twin-faced sheepskin boots will give a bit as they mold to your feet. UGG footwear is designed to be worn barefoot to maximize the cushioning and warmth of sheepskin.
Need help?Call our store at:1-800-320-6902
$4.99 US shipping everyday.FREE US shipping on orders over $100. We ship worldwide!
Protecting our planet... We re-use the packages and boxes that arrive at our store. Re-cycling is so important!
Like special sales? Visit our social media pages for Wednesday's Deal Day!


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This design is one of the first full sets I did using the new image plates I received, and I was very pleased with the result. This is one of those DIY nail art designs that anyone could do and it looks like it took hours to do, when in fact, it took a few minutes longer than a regular manicure. I'm totally in love with stamped nail art….! If I'd known it was this easy, I'd have tried it ages ago.
Step 1: Use a mint/tealish green polish for the base
Step 2: Then use the m64 plate to stamp an abstract design onto the nail using light blue polish.
Step 3: Use white polish to add the butterflies on the ring fingers and thumbs. Image plate m78 has the butterflies on it.
Step 4: Seal the design with a top coat of your choice.
This is such a simple nail art idea and even beginners can get a decent result with a little practice. My initial experiments with the plates were not quite as successful, but I've learned quite a lot and will do a post with a few simple tips on what to avoid when image plates. It really is a lot simpler than it looks, and the subtle effect of this nail design was just stunning. I loved having this on my nails.


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Patrick Agyemang has extended his loan spell at Portsmouth by a further month, subject to FA and Football League clearance.
The on-loan Stevenage striker scored his first goal for Pompey in last Saturday's 2-1 victory at Crewe - their first win in 24 matches.
Caretaker boss Guy Whittingham told the club's website: "Patrick wanted to stay here and we're very grateful to Stevenage for allowing him to remain for another month."
The 32-year-old should be in the squad to face Bury at Fratton Park on Saturday.


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found a new home!
Plenty of my friends are looking
for one too. Find a pet to adopt.
Find a pet to adopt |
My name is Sasha!
Facts about Sasha
- Breed: German Shepherd Dog
- Color: Gray/Silver/Salt & Pepper - With Black
- Age: Senior
- Size: Large 61-100 lbs (28-45 kg)
- Sex: Female
Sasha's Info...
I am already spayed, housetrained, purebred, up to date with shots, good with kids, not good with dogs, and not good with cats.
Sasha is a wonderful 10 yr old, senior girl that went into a seniors home, but that senior ended up in the hospital, so now needs another senior to take good care of her. She was used as a puppy mill, but is a sweet tempered girl. Although she doesn't get along with cats or small dogs. She is now housebroke and is living inside, but she has spent her entire life outside. Her tips of the ears have been frostbit. Can't someone find it in their hearts to take this girl in???
Other Pets at Montana German Shepherd Rescue
Why Adoption is a Great Option
Sasha, a Hamilton German Shepherd Dog dog was adopted! Here's how you can benefit by looking at adoption as an option to buying a German Shepherd Dog for sale in Hamilton, or seeking a German Shepherd Dog dog from a breeder in Hamilton.
- Rescues and shelter volunteers in Hamilton already know the personality and tendencies of their pets. This means they can match you with the right pet. That will makes it much easier transition to owning a pet for yourself and your new pet.
- On average adoption fees are much less than you'd pay a Hamilton breeder, or pet store. Plus most often rescue pets have already been to the veterinarian for a check-up, had a round of vaccinations, and are spayed or neutered. That is a lot of savings!
- You will become a hero, and give a needy dog or cat a loving home. In fact, there are even German Shepherd Dog breeders who help with German Shepherd Dog rescue. One puppy or kitten adopted in Hamilton paves the way for another one to be saved.


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The irony was as deep as the Straits of Florida. On the same day that Juan Miguel González arrived in the United States to pick up his son Elian, my friends and I were setting sail for Havana from Key West. We weren't leaving home in search of anything as significant as freedom or opportunity. We were just four guys temporarily fleeing the free-market battleground of our homeland. And as that goes, the timing is never right.
"I shouldn't be taking this trip right now," said Jim, an importer-exporter from New York's Upper East Side, as he came aboard. "I really can't come either," added Elias, an antique-map dealer from Miami. But his son, Michael, a professional photographer and captain of our 38-foot sailboat, had been turning down lucrative jobs for weeks in anticipation of our sail. "Are we actually doing this?" he asked incredulously as we pushed off.
Michael had done all the legwork to make the trip legal. (In order to return to the States without a hitch, we would join the Hemingway International Nautical Club at the Cuban marina where we were to dock. It sponsors regattas from Fort Lauderdale, Key West, and Tampa, "hosting" U.S. sailors so they don't break the embargo by spending greenbacks.) Now, as the familiar landscape of Burger Kings and Texacos disappeared behind us, Michael made one last call from the helm. "If you don't hear from us in three days," he told his brother in Manhattan, "call the Coast Guard." Not long after that we sailed into international waters, and his cell phone cut out for good.
Of the 200,000 Americans who visited Cuba last year, it's estimated that at least 1,000 arrived by boat. In yachts and sloops, large and small (but no smaller than the government-required 26 feet), they set off from ports around the world. "Brother, don't let anybody tell you there isn't plenty of water between Havana and Key West," Ernest Hemingway wrote in To Have and Have Not. I could see what he meant. Six hours into our 20-hour sail, the sun dropped, the skies clouded, and lightning forked the southern horizon. With five-foot swells, a queasiness set in among the crew. It was dark and lonely out there, and we didn't know who or what we'd find--whales, sharks, rafts, unlit vessels, maybe even pirates.
What we got instead was weather. The wind changed, the rain hit, and the waves mounted. Our tiny ship was bounced enough to keep us all awake. On an unprotected stretch of ocean 600 feet deep, you don't drop anchor when it's time for bed; you keep sailing. From dusk to dawn, with his GPS keeping us on course, Michael remained the vigilant captain. In the galley, Jim, an experienced sailor, fought seasickness. Elias was thrown from his bunk. Sleepless in the bow, I imagined we were being punished for daring to cross international waters to a forbidden country; and for being soft-bellied capitalists, too.
After 10 stormy hours, the waters calmed and Michael sighted the first buoy, 12 miles from our destination, Marina Hemingway. He attached a Cuban flag to the mast to let authorities know that we weren't coming to make trouble. Cuban coastguardsmen waved us by.
When we docked for inspection, our first formal greeting came from an elderly, tawny-skinned quarantine doctor in a lab coat. He stepped aboard and shook our hands firmly, saying in Spanish, "Welcome to Cuba." He checked our eyes for signs of hepatitis and asked if there was any chicken on the boat, but seemed far more intent on other things. "These are delicious," he remarked, referring to the dried California apricots we'd been advised by other visitors to set out, along with cold sodas and beer. Between bites, Dr. Quarantine turned to Elias, the Spanish-speaker of our group. "If you're going to tip me, it would be best to do it now."
Next came two inspectors from Immigration. While looking at our passports and filling out forms, one helped himself to a soda and took another for later. "She'll have a beer," he said of his colleague, a laughing woman whose wrists were stacked with bracelets. They spoke in halting English, but warmly. "You're welcome in Havana," the man said. Before they left, I offered each of them a Pokémon toy for their kids. They took several. (There's a quarantine on U.S. chicken in Cuba, but none on Pokémon--yet.) A dog named Maggy sniffed around and left paw prints all over, but knew enough to leave the snacks alone. On and on the inspections continued, with all the speed of a laborious holiday dinner. We went through several dozen cans of soda and beer, and many baseball caps. Two customs officials reeking of cologne took it upon themselves to empty a package of cookies onto a plate while filling out forms. "You are welcome in Cuba," the last inspector repeated. "Everyone will treat you well."
He was right. Marina Hemingway was efficiently run, and the staff was gracious (perhaps beyond gracious; a security guard offered us muchachas one night). With an average of 100 boats docked there every day, the marina feels like a Fidel-free zone. Built in the pre-Castro fifties and revived for tourism in 1994, it has boat slips, two hotels, a restaurant (Papa's, named for Hemingway), a supermarket, a rental-car office, a bar, and CNN wherever you turn. While there have been occasional reports of theft at the marina, most visitors find Cuba to be a safe country filled with people made gentle by a lack of competition and an excess of unarmed police.
By U.S. law, we were not allowed to eat anything but the food we had on the boat, where we were also required to sleep. But during our six-day visit we took daily jaunts to Havana (15 miles east) or southwest to Viñales. Everywhere we felt as if we'd stepped back in time. Cars and buildings were vintage, dating from 1959 and before. Advertising was scarce. Music--the breed of Latin rhythms that preceded Ricky Martin by decades-- seeped out of every doorway. No dotcoms. No dot-Communists either, from what we could see. Impressed by the quiet dignity of so many people carrying on despite the quagmire of their political situation, we reveled in the sight of old men lazing on ancient bicycles, commuters waving to us from the backs of trucks, farmers plowing tobacco fields with oxen. At the beautifully decaying community center in Viñales, we watched teenagers at an outdoor dance.


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PITTSBURGH – The Allegheny County Parks Department today announced its activities and events schedule for October 15-21. All events are free and open to the public unless otherwise noted. For additional information, call 412-350-2455 or visit /parks.
To receive weekly email updates and other Parks Department news and information, sign up online. Activities and programs are also posted on Allegheny County's Facebook Events Page. Download a copy of the Allegheny County Parks 2013 Fun Guide.
The locations of major facilities and buildings in the County Parks are available on Google Maps
Tue., Oct. 15
Day on the Farm Program
5th & 6th grade classes are invited to experience a day on the farm, which includes cooking lunch, doing farm chores and going for a hayride. $5 per student. $5 for chaperones ages 59 & under; $4 for chaperones ages 60 & older. Schedule your field trip by calling 412-384-4701.
Round Hill Park Exhibition Farm
9:30 a.m.-1:30 p.m.
Weight Loss: Latest Health Care Trends & Research
Free. Call 412-675-8556 or email Angora Gardens to register or for more information.
White Oak Park Angora Gardens
6:30-7:30 p.m.
South Park Table Tennis – Competitive Play
Everyone is welcome, regardless of skill level. South Park Table Tennis membership is $40 per year. New members are welcome to visit three times for free.
South Park Home Economics Building
7:30 p.m.
Wed., Oct. 16
Horses with Hope Program
One-time application fee of $15. Each 45-minute session is $40. Pre-registration is required by calling Joanne Murdy at 412-607-8075 or Anne Davis at 615-513-4106. Several medical forms & releases are also required.
Horses with Hope is a faith-based, non-profit organization that provides therapeutic riding and other equine-related activities to enhance the physical, mental, social & emotional needs of children & adults. Each session is taught by a PATH International certified instructor & trained volunteers who lead the horse and use side-walkers on each side of the rider. Each rider is instructed on horsemanship, grooming, tacking & mounted riding. The skills are determined by the rider's capabilities & the instructor, while focusing on as much independence as possible. We are committed to providing safe, quality programs for children & adults. Get more information on our website or by calling Joanne Murdy at 412-607-8075 or Anne Davis at 615-513-4106.
South Park Horse Show Ring
9:30 a.m.-8:00 p.m.
One-Stroke Painting Class
Call 412-675-8556 or email Angora Gardens to register or for more information.
5:00-7:00 p.m.
Hundred Acres Manor Haunted House – College Night
Present a valid college ID and receive one general admission ticket for $10. Only one admission per ID. General admission without college ID is $18. See website for other pricing & special discounts. Hundred Acres Manor is a non-profit organization with all proceeds benefitting Animal Friends and the Homeless Children's Education Fund.
South Park Hundred Acres Manor
6:45-10:00 p.m.
Friends of South Park Meeting
Open to the public. The Friends of South Park is a citizen's advocacy group focused on park enhancement. Their mission is to preserve the rich heritage and resources of the park by identifying areas of the park that need to be improved, and then acquiring resources to accomplish the improvements. They meet on the third Wednesday of every month.
South Park Buffalo Inn
BMX Race
$9 per rider. $4 for same rider 2nd bike. $5 strider. Registration begins at 6:00 p.m. Race begins at 7:30 p.m.
South Park BMX Track
Thu., Oct. 17
Adult Nature Walk – Fall Foliage Hike
Free. Originally started as a program for stroke & heart patients, this nature group has expanded to any interested adult. The informal group meets rain or shine every Thursday of the year. Local naturalists guide these enlightening, leisurely paced walks. New nature adventures & discoveries every week. Dress well for outdoor walking.
North Park Ranch House
10:00 a.m.-12:00 noon
Adult Nature Walk – Presentation
Free. We will be celebrating the 43rd year of this walking group with a slide show presentation. To register, call 724-935-2170.
1:00-2:00 p.m.
4:30-7:30 p.m.
Hundred Acres Manor Haunted House
General admission $18. See website for other pricing & special discounts. Hundred Acres Manor is a non-profit organization with all proceeds benefitting Animal Friends and the Homeless Children's Education Fund.
South Park Table Tennis – Informal Practice
Fri., Oct. 18
Zumba Class
11:00 a.m.-12:00 noon
Yoga Class
12:00 noon-1:00 p.m.
Annual Ski Swap & Sale Registration & Drop-Off
Drop off new & used skis, poles, boots, bindings, snowboards & clothing. Shops & individuals welcome. Proceeds benefit the Boyce Park Ski Patrol.
Boyce Park Four Seasons Lodge
3:00-7:00 p.m.
6:45-11:30 p.m.
L.L. Bean Pittsburgh Outing Club Spooky Full Moon Hike on North Park's "Haunted" Blue Mist Road
Free. Pre-registration required on website. Join us as we hike North Park's Blue Mist Road during the full moon. This hike will be similar in route & distance to the afternoon Blue Mist Road hike of September 8. However, this is during a full moon, when legend has it a tree used for hangings actually bleeds. There are many urban legends surrounding Blue Mist Road. Will you have your own tale to tell? Get more information & register online.
North Park Boat Launch Ramp
7:00-10:00 p.m.
Sat., Oct. 19
Third Annual "Stand Up & Run" for Homeless Children 10K Run & 5K Run/Walk
$30 entry fee. Since 1999, the non-profit Homeless Children's Education Fund (HCEF) has been dedicated to providing advocacy, community engagement & direct service programs that support the education of children & youth experiencing homelessness. HCEF is hosting its Third Annual "Stand Up & Run" for Homeless Children 10K Run & 5K Run/Walk in conjunction with Homeless Children's Awareness Week, October 13-20. Get more information & register online.
North Park Boathouse
8:30 a.m.
North Hills Christian Church Fun Run/Walk 5K to Benefit Northwest Haiti Christian Mission
$20 entry fee. Includes durable water bottle and drawstring swag bag. Get more information & register online.
North Park Harmar Shelter
9:00 a.m.
Annual Ski Swap & Sale – One Day Only!
Buy or swap new & used skis, poles, boots, bindings, snowboards & clothing from shops & individuals. Proceeds benefit the Boyce Park Ski Patrol.
10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.
Change in the Weather Program
Free. Learn about migration, hibernation & other ways that Mother Nature prepares for winter.
South Park Nature Center
10:00 a.m.
Friends of Harrison Hills Meeting
Open to the public. Please call 724-224-4102 if attending.
Harrison Hills Park Environmental Learning Center
South Park BMX Earned Double-Double Race
$20 entry fee.
10:30 a.m.
Hay Day
Free fall fun for the whole family, including hay rides, hay maze, pumpkin patch, pumpkin decorating, petting zoo, pony rides, face painting, trackless train, castle bounce, giant slide, balloon art, spooky caricatures, Halloween puppet show & more. Food & beverages for sale. For more information, visit the Hay Day website or call 412-350-5929.
South Park Fairgrounds Oval
12:00 noon-4:00 p.m.
Friends of Harrison Hills Fall Foliage Hike
Free. For more information & to register, call 724-224-4102 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
1:00-3:00 p.m.
Sun., Oct. 20
North Hills Sports Car Club Autocross Event
$20 for members. $25 for non-members. Get more information & register online.
North Park Swimming Pool Parking Lot
Rogan's Race "Run for Healthy Hearts" 5K Race & 1-Mile Dog Walk
$25 entry fee. Benefits the Animal Care & Assistance Fund's Cardiac Care Fund, which assists pets who are facing heart disease. Registration begins at 8:00 a.m. 5K race begins at 9:00 a.m. Dog walk begins at 10:00 a.m. Get more information & register online.
9:00 a.m. – 5K Race
10:00 a.m. – Dog Walk
Stonybrook Saddle Club Judged Pleasure Trail Ride
$25 entry fee. $5 off if registration is postmarked by October 15. Enjoy the beautiful scenic trails & compete for awards in several different divisions. Get information & download registration form online.
Deer Lakes Park Administration Building
Rachel Carson Trails Conservancy Fall Season Hike
Free & open to everyone. Join the Rachel Carson Trails Conservancy for our annual fall hike. We'll follow the Rachel Carson Trail from Hartwood Acres Park to North Park's Harmar Shelter for approximately seven miles, rain or shine. Refreshments will be served at the end of the hike. Meet at 9:30 a.m. at North Park's Harmar Shelter for instructions & car pooling to Hartwood Acres Park.
9:30 a.m.
9:30 a.m.-6:00 p.m.
South Park BMX Warnicke Double Race
Oliver Miller Homestead Children's Harvest Festival
$2 admission. Children may try their hands at various frontier crafts, such as tin-punching, corn crafts, butter churning, and quill-pen writing. Tussie mussies will be for sale. Bring your cameras for pictures of your children in frontier dress. Last admittance is at 4:00 p.m.
South Park Oliver Miller Homestead
1:30-4:30 p.m.
Mon., Oct. 21
Finance Class
11:00 a.m.-1:00 p.m.
BMX Practice
$5 per rider.
6:30-9:30 p.m.
Friends of Hartwood Monthly Meeting
Open to the public. For more information, call 412-767-9200.
Hartwood Acres Mansion
7:00-9:00 p.m.


text:
- Need to know
- Item details & Care
- Shipping & Returns
- FARHI by Nicole Farhi's Emerie dress is great for dinner parties and dancing with its lightweight stretch jersey fabric, classic style and flattering cowl neck. Wear it with a brilliantly bright clutch and statement lace-up sandals. Model is 5'10 /178cm, a standard UK 8 and is wearing a size XS.
- Dark navy viscose Emerie sleeveless dress featuring a draped cowl neck and a visible hem to the back. Dark Navy Emerie Dress by FARHI by Nicole Farhi simply pulls on.
100% viscose. Hand wash. - THIS ITEM IS NO LONGER AVAILABLE TO PURCHASE
Seeking Style Advice?
Contact our Style Adviser team for expert
advice and assistance on all your
style-related queries:
Call: (+44) 345 260 3880
Email: email@example.com
Monday to Friday between 9am and 6pm
Saturdays between 9am and 2.30pm.


text:
Short necklace. A black, satin ribbon onto which are strung 4 gilded-metal cylinders, surrounded by rectangular and oval elements in faceted resin and colored resin bezels, on the inside of which there are 3 faceted cabochons in painted horn.
15% Polyester, 15% Metal (Brass), 20% Horn, 20% Acrylic, 30% Resin


text:
found a new home!
Plenty of my friends are looking
for one too. Find a pet to adopt.
Find a pet to adopt |
My name is Crystal in CT!
Facts about Crystal in CT
- Breed: Labrador Retriever Mix
- Color: Tan/Yellow/Fawn
- Age: Puppy
- Size: Med. 26-60 lbs (12-27 kg)
- Sex: Female
Crystal in CT's Info...
I am already spayed, up to date with shots, good with kids, good with dogs, and good with cats.
Crystal is the largest of the litter. Very sweet and loves to play. A little cuddle bunny,
she is fully vetted and spayed.
please fill out an application on our website at www.packleadersrescue.com
Other Pets at Pack Leaders Rescue of Connecticut
Why Adoption is a Great Option
Crystal in CT, a Manchester Labrador Retriever puppy was adopted! Here's how you can benefit by looking at adoption as an option to buying a Labrador Retriever for sale in Manchester, or seeking a Labrador Retriever puppy from a breeder in Manchester.
- Rescues and shelter volunteers in Manchester already know the personality and tendencies of their pets. This means they can match you with the right pet. That will makes it much easier transition to owning a pet for yourself and your new pet.
- On average adoption fees are much less than you'd pay a Manchester breeder, or pet store. Plus most often rescue pets have already been to the veterinarian for a check-up, had a round of vaccinations, and are spayed or neutered. That is a lot of savings!
- You will become a hero, and give a needy dog or cat a loving home. In fact, there are even Labrador Retriever breeders who help with Labrador Retriever rescue. One puppy or kitten adopted in Manchester paves the way for another one to be saved.


text:
Driver Brad Keselowski and team Miller Lite Dodge celebrate winning the GEICO 400 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race at Chicagoland Speedway in Joliet Sunday, September 16, 2012. | Brett Roseman~Sun-Times Media
CHase for the sprint cup
point leaders
1. Brad Keselowski 2,056
2. Jimmie Johnson 2,053
3. Tony Stewart 2,048
4. Denny Hamlin 2,041
5. Kasey Kahne 2,041
6. Clint Bowyer 2,041
7. Dale Earnhardt Jr. 2,039
8. Greg Biffle 2,037
9. Martin Truex Jr. 2,035
10. Kevin Harvick 2,032
11. Matt Kenseth 2,030
12. Jeff Gordon 2,009
Article Extras
Updated: October 18, 2012 6:12AM
Roger Penske wasn't sure what to expect at Chicagoland Speedway in Joliet during Sunday's GEICO 400, the opening race in NASCAR's Chase for the Sprint Cup Championship.
Penske, the iconic Indy Car owner who has yet to win a NASCAR championship, watched Penske Racing driver Will Power lose the IZOD IndyCar title to Ryan Hunter-Reay at Auto Club Speedway in Fontana, Calif. Saturday night. Power blew a 17-point lead in the standings when he wrecked, enabling Hunter-Reay to win the title.
But Penske knows how important the Chase is, and his spirits were lifted when Penske Racing's Brad Keselowski beat Jimmie Johnson by three seconds. The victory puts Keselowski in the points lead over Johnson by three points and eight points over defending Cup champion Tony Stewart.
Chase driver Kasey Kahne finished third, Kyle Busch was fourth and Ryan Newman fifth. Stewart was sixth.
Keselowski led 76 laps, but Johnson started on the pole and led a whopping 172. It was almost reminiscent of Johnson's victory at the Brickyard 400 in July, where he led nearly the whole race and there was no chance of anyone beating him.
But Keselowski figured Johnson out and kept the five-time champion winless in the Cup series at Chicagoland.
Keselowski took the lead on lap 105 but fell to second at the 165-lap mark of the 267-lap race. He regained the lead with about 11 laps to go and maintained a two- to three-second lead over Johnson.
After a late-race pit stop put Keselowski in the lead, Johnson's crew chief, Chad Knaus, thought Keselowski did not re-enter the race track properly. But Johnson said it did not affect the race outcome and NASCAR did not make a ruling against Keselowski.
"It's a policy of merging down the back stretch, off of turn two, and I feel like that's what we did," Keselowski said.
Keselowski's victory and his leap to the No. 1 spot in the standings eased Penske's pain of the night before.
"Last night was tough on Will, but winning the first race of the Chase is fantastic," owner Roger Penske said. "After last night I didn't know what to expect when I came here. I was planning to come win or lose.
"The year before he started with us, he said he wanted to build a championship team. He's got high integrity and that's something we want."
Keselowski's victory also is helping Penske forget his problems with ex-Penske drivers AJ Allmendinger and Kurt Busch.
Penske fired Busch in the offseason after Busch was verbally abusive to a pit reporter at Homestead-Miami last November. Then Penske fired Allmendinger earlier this summer after Allmendinger failed a drug test and NASCAR suspended him indefinitely.
If Keselowski holds onto the points lead and wins the Cup in November, it will be the last Cup title for Dodge and first since Richard Petty's title in 1975. Penske announced in March that he was switching to Ford in 2013. A few months later, Dodge decided to pull out of NASCAR.
"I'm going to go down swinging as hard as I can," Keselowski said. "If that means I have to work harder, then that's what it's going to be."
Points leader Denny Hamlin ran out of gas on the last lap and finished 16th, barely ahead of Aric Almirola who was the first car in lapped traffic. Hamlin fell to fourth in the standings, 15 behind Keselowski.
"We didn't get the car full [of gas on a pit stop], and we made an adjustment instead," Hamlin said. "It put me in a box and I was trying to hold my position and slow down. But that's the way it goes. It's frustrating. It's tough to lose that many spots that late."
Among other Chase drivers, Dale Earnhardt Jr. had to start from the back of the field after crew chief Steve Letarte decided to change engines Saturday.
Earnhardt qualified fourth, but after his qualifying run Letarte went with the switch. NASCAR rules dictate that cars need to move to the back of the field if they change engines after qualifying.
During qualifying, Earnhardt accidentally over-revved the engine and knocked it out of gear. Crew chief Steve Letarte erred on the side of caution and replaced the engine. Earnhardt climbed through the field and finished eighth.
"I was disappointed making that mistake with the engine," Earnhardt said. "We had a great car for the first 100 to 130 laps. We had a really fast car. And then we made the car ordinary and we had to maintain track position."


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30th Dec 2005, 03:33 PM | #21 |
Does the store near you ship?
* Forgivness is between them and God. My job is to arrange the meeting.- John Creasy * Real life blows....but at least you don't die every 5 minutes. -{GD} Shoany Visit the: *Ghost Dogs' Online Store * The Ghost Dogs' Forum |
30th Dec 2005, 07:11 PM | #22 |
only inside spain as far as im concerned
31st Dec 2005, 11:11 AM | #23 | ||
BTH: Guns n' guys lists gun prices way over 1000$....what currency are they in? I refuse to believe they're selling an M4 for >8000$, no matter how upgraded it is. --Harrm
Ignore me and save me the hassle of ignoring you. Quote:
31st Dec 2005, 01:54 PM | #24 |
It's a good deal over the standard gun. But that doesn't make the 'sale' suck any less. Though I'm guessing the margins in this business must be less than substantial.
And, noted on the site, those prices are in Hong Kong Dollars. Equal to about $.13 USD.
"Und wenn du lange in einen Abgrund blickst, blickt der Abgrund auch in dich hinein." "Love. You can learn all the math in the 'verse, but you take a boat in the air you don't love, she'll shake you off just as sure as the turning of worlds. Love keeps her in the air when she oughtta fall down, tells you she's hurting 'fore she keels. Makes her home." |
31st Dec 2005, 02:04 PM | #25 |
http://xe.com/ucc - universal currency converter
31st Dec 2005, 03:13 PM | #26 |
^ my favorite place for airsoft guns and accessories. me and my friends play alot of airsoft in my back yard. playing airsoft is my favorite thing to do. other than video games... the link below is to me and my friends airsoft forum. it is really new, i have yet to add the graphics, and the only four members are me, my bro and two friends (the two friends are computer stupid ). hopefully the forum will grow.. we mainly talk about our guns, we post pictures of our backyard battles whenever we can. http://backyardwarrior.proboards77.com/ Last edited by Clutch; 31st Dec 2005 at 03:34 PM. |
7th Jan 2006, 01:41 PM | #27 |
Ok, who owns good AEG rifles and where did they get them?
* Forgivness is between them and God. My job is to arrange the meeting.- John Creasy * Real life blows....but at least you don't die every 5 minutes. -{GD} Shoany Visit the: *Ghost Dogs' Online Store * The Ghost Dogs' Forum |
7th Jan 2006, 05:46 PM | #28 |
< TM SR-16 purchased in England at a huge mark up from Japan. Nice rifle though.
Snakebite - Back in Japan. Infiltration: Counter-Strike fans in denial. |
7th Jan 2006, 10:25 PM | #29 |
I own a Tokyo Marui M16A2 with a metal body and stronger internal upgrade.
Attatched to it is the Sun Project M203 Grenade "Launcher" (More like a gas powered shotgun that looks cool). These were purchased from RedWolf I also own a Classic Army M24 Sniper Rifle. Upgraded the springs inside that as well. I won this rifle stock off of ebay and then proceeded to buy what parts I needed from the redwolf as well. Redwolf is in Hong Kong so you'll pay about 60-75 bucks for shipping your AEG and Accessories. I've done a lot of business with them as have all of my friends that play Airsoft and we've never had a problem (correct item, shipping, customs etc...)
...while im standing prone ready to fire ... -Silent Trigger Well it's fun for a short while...especially when you blow off Boron because he likes it so - {GD}Asmodeus Last edited by [UMC]Boron; 7th Jan 2006 at 10:29 PM. |
8th Jan 2006, 07:41 AM | #30 |
If your ever in Vancouver, get a hold of me ill play a game of airsoft with yah :P
I have a brand new OD colored TM M14. Have not fielded it yet but shot a few rounds in the basement. I have a G&P full metal M4 Commando which is my primary pretty much, too many attachements to list :P I also have a broken CA MP5 SD2, also full metal. I painted this OD Green a few months ago to increase my stealthyness :P Lastly, I have my sidearm, a KSC USP Compact but the trigger broke on me We just recently had a game with like 50 people attending but i couldnt make it. I don't mind lending out any of my guns to anyone, especially if they are infers like me. Actually get a hold of me ghost I can give yah some advice on airsoft ICQ:29393409
"DOWN WITH TDM, RUNnGUN, L33TNESS, AND W00TNESS!" - McMuffin My X-Fire::UMC Website Last edited by Prowler; 8th Jan 2006 at 07:50 AM. |
8th Jan 2006, 07:55 AM | #31 |
heres a pic of my m4 in plain, and insane attachment modes
"DOWN WITH TDM, RUNnGUN, L33TNESS, AND W00TNESS!" - McMuffin My X-Fire::UMC Website |
8th Jan 2006, 09:34 AM | #32 | |
Prowler isn't a fan of Urban CQB, apparently.
Ignore me and save me the hassle of ignoring you. Quote:
8th Jan 2006, 11:33 AM | #33 |
all ive got so far is cheap, well, inexpensive guns.. ive only gotten three so far, but i cant say they suck. i dont really want a full metal gun that much (if it dents or something and messes up the internals then i wasted money). i wish they would just do plastic outside, metal inside.
if you want good guns (classic army, tokyo marui) i still suggest shorty usa. im hoping to get a TM FAMAS this year. Here is what i have gotten: Neonfire Quad 9 Tactical Spring Airsoft Pistol Black Neonfire G36C Elite Commando Electric Airsoft Rifle Airsoft Green Face Mask Desert Eagle .44 Magnum Softair Spring Pistol Silver here is what is on my wishlist: FAMAS SV Softair Spring Rifle (soon to be added) UTG Speed Loader (soon to be added) Hip Holster /Mag Pouch Right Hand Black (soon to be added) UTG M324 Spring Airsoft Sniper Rifle (i also plan on getting a scope and bipod) Tokyo Marui FA-MAS F1 AEG Softair Rifle Last edited by Clutch; 8th Jan 2006 at 11:37 AM. |
8th Jan 2006, 11:46 AM | #34 |
Tanaka M40A1, very nice Airsoft Gun
ALL GLORY TO THE HYPNOTOAD! Last edited by Maetschikk; 8th Jan 2006 at 11:47 AM. |
8th Jan 2006, 01:45 PM | #35 |
I'll definately be getting ahold of you Prowler for some advice. I'd love to get ahold of an M4 like yours.
* Forgivness is between them and God. My job is to arrange the meeting.- John Creasy * Real life blows....but at least you don't die every 5 minutes. -{GD} Shoany Visit the: *Ghost Dogs' Online Store * The Ghost Dogs' Forum |
8th Jan 2006, 11:04 PM | #36 |
cant wait til im 18, i'll go out to the places where they have all the airsoft stuff, like weekend matches, and play...
9th Jan 2006, 03:41 AM | #37 |
Prowler, I see youve changed your M4 frontset with an M733 / M933 frontset, so when you put that Psg1 barrel even with the silencer it still sticks out. Why dont you put the M4 frontset back on for that huge barrel? Does the M733 frontset feel more sturdy and the M4's more loose?
Btw, i like the one in the plain picture with the short frontset. |
9th Jan 2006, 08:07 PM | #38 | |
As for the gun being loose? HAHAHA I laugh at you. Full metal G&P AEG's DO NOT WOBBLE OR CREAK. I could put my gun between two box's and stand on my gun just to give you an idea of it's strength. I also offer free external upgrades and internal upgrades/fixes for my friends. BTW, I do all roles. During that day in my pic i did the first game as sniper then at lunch took my guilly camo off and my suppressor and changed the barrels out for CQB. What you don't see in that pic is my fully loaded c-mag on my back with 3000 rounds in it I switched to machine gunner for part of the day hehe
"DOWN WITH TDM, RUNnGUN, L33TNESS, AND W00TNESS!" - McMuffin My X-Fire::UMC Website |
10th Jan 2006, 07:12 AM | #39 |
so if you dont want an m16 variant wobble at all you dont need to change the frontset? just get a metal reciever?
16th Jan 2006, 12:33 AM | #40 |
I think that TM is the best. I have had my G36C For quite some time now. Its amazing and looks bad ass, but I really need to get the cmag for it and the G36K conversion kit. Then it will be a bad ass X2
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Being on the lookout for any sweets using maple syrup, I was delighted to find a cookie at Land O Lakes site.
No eggs in the recipe but they certainly only publish good-to-excellent recipes and a stormy night is perfect for baking. They didn't. I have a bowl full of a nicely flavored crumbly mass that might make a pie crust? If anyone tried this recipe and was able to form a cookie, please tell me how you did it. Here it is before it leaves my hard drive forever. MAPLE SNAIL COOKIES This cookie recipe will remind you of spring with their delicate maple flavor. Preparation time: 30 min Baking time: 10 min
1 cup sugar
opt: (2 Tbsp semi-sweet chocolate chips ) Heat oven to 350°F. Combine sugar and butter in large bowl. Beat at medium speed, scraping bowl often, until creamy. Add syrup; continue beating until well mixed. Reduce speed to low; add flour and salt. Beat until well mixed. Shape dough into 1-inch balls using floured hands. Roll each ball into 10-inch rope. Shape into pinwheel shape leaving one end uncurled to resemble head of snail. Place snails 2 inches apart onto ungreased cookie sheet. Bake for 10 to 13 minutes or until lightly browned. Microwave chocolate chips in small microwave-safe bowl on HIGH, stirring every 30 seconds, until melted and smooth (60 to 90 seconds). Use point of toothpick dipped in melted chocolate to make eye on each snail. |
Follow-Up Postings:
Did you soften your butter? Butter that is too cold would make a drier dough as would too much flour. Was your kitchen cold? That also could explain the problem. Nancy |
Thanks Wizard. The butter was soft and I sifted the flour. After reading my regular cookie recipes, I believe there should have been 1 or 2 eggs. Then the dough would have enuf elasticity to roll into ropes. |
Do they have an 800 number? Maybe they left out an ingredient. With the price of butter, they should be helping you out! I have made other maple cookies: the maple flavor never came through. MAybe the type of syrup makes a difference: different viscosity? |
I think the recipe looks pretty much fine. I suspect you had too much flour in there....either packed the cup or the flour was particularly dense. It would have a texture very much like a sweet pastry dough. A pretty standard proportion for pastry si 1/3 cup fat to 1 cup of flour...and 1/3 cup of sugar to that making it a sweet crust...and the syrup would be very like the water in a pastry dough. Try it again...and only add 2 cups of flour....and add the 3 rd cup as needed. I will bet it will work better. I think you had too heavy a hand with the flour. Linda C |
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text:
found a new home!
Plenty of my friends are looking
for one too. Find a pet to adopt.
Find a pet to adopt |
My name is Tessie!
Facts about Tessie
- Breed: Labrador Retriever Mix
- Color: Tricolor (Tan/Brown & Black & White)
- Age: Young
- Size: Large 61-100 lbs (28-45 kg)
- Sex: Female
Tessie's Info...
I am already spayed, up to date with shots, and good with dogs.
Tessie is a darling 10 month old girl with a coat of swirling black, brown and white color. She is on the small side of medium and walks so lightly on her feet. She is a gentle soul, with a lot of puppy love inside. She loves to be near you, lean on your leg. Tessie loves to stand up in front on you on her hind legs and ever-so-gently lay her paws on you and lean in for a hug while she looks in your eyes. She is undeniably a love. She is crate trained and just learning about house training. She is quiet and good with other dogs of all sizes and ages. She is currently fostered with several dogs and was with a family with small children and treats them all with great respect. She loves her raw hide and chew toys and can keep herself busy for hours wearing them down. She has an adorable little underbite that occasionally makes her lip catch on her tooth - earning her the nickname Snaggletooth. Tessie would be great as a single dog, one of the pack, with a big family or just one dedicated owner. She is in tune with her environment and wants to adapt and thrive.
Other Pets at Operation Paws for Homes, PA Chapter
Why Adoption is a Great Option
Tessie, a Hanover Labrador Retriever dog was adopted! Here's how you can benefit by looking at adoption as an option to buying a Labrador Retriever for sale in Hanover, or seeking a Labrador Retriever dog from a breeder in Hanover.
- Rescues and shelter volunteers in Hanover already know the personality and tendencies of their pets. This means they can match you with the right pet. That will makes it much easier transition to owning a pet for yourself and your new pet.
- On average adoption fees are much less than you'd pay a Hanover breeder, or pet store. Plus most often rescue pets have already been to the veterinarian for a check-up, had a round of vaccinations, and are spayed or neutered. That is a lot of savings!
- You will become a hero, and give a needy dog or cat a loving home. In fact, there are even Labrador Retriever breeders who help with Labrador Retriever rescue. One puppy or kitten adopted in Hanover paves the way for another one to be saved.


text:
See other Phillip Island properties
The Island Accommodation YHA
10-12 Phillip Island Tourisrt Road Phillip Island,
Phillip Island,
Australia, Distance from city centre: 5.1km
Real Reviews
Real reviews from fellow travellers
These are trusted reviews from guests who have actually stayed here. We hope you find them helpful.
Note: we only give a property a rating once it has received a minimum of 3 reviews.
- Page:1/1
- " Very Nice-only draw back is that is pretty far off the beaten track "
- 10 Mar 2012 Anonymous
- " This is a new hostel and definitly one of the best hostel seen so far in Australia for relaxing. However, it's not the right place if you're looking for partying bc common area close at 10h30pm "
- 21 Feb 2012 Jean-francois


text:
New Living Translation (NLT) | New International Version (NIV) |
1 In the beginning the Word already existed. He was with God, and he was God. | 1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. |
Scripture quotations marked NLT are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright 1996. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Wheaton, Illinois 60189. All rights reserved. (New Living Translation - The Bible Online) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


text:
Fighting Frizz
You Say:
I need help fighting the frizz!
Folica Fix
Frizz can happen to anyone. Friction, humidity and hair type are all contributing factors. Here are three quick ways to win the war against the frizzies:
1. Start in the Shower
Hair master Oscar Blandi says, "You should start fighting frizz right in the shower. Don't wait until you are drying your hair." Oscar recommends his Oscar Blandi Shampoo Di Jasmine Smoothing Shampoo and Balsamo Di Jasmine conditioner, for maximum pre-styling frizz control.
Tress Tip: Don't forget to rinse your hair with a blast of cool water before stepping out the shower to seal the cuticle, this will tame frizz and lock-in shine.
2. Fight Friction
Frizz is caused by roughed up hair so make sure to be gentle with your locks. Don't squeeze your strands after your shower, instead lightly towel dry with a hair towel.
Tress Tip: When your hair is wet, comb in styling products to even distribute evenly to avoid creating frizzy patches.Our favorite is the Sedu Anti-Frizz Polishing Treatment with Argan Oil.
3. Pick the Right Products
David John, Stylist at John Frieda Salon in West Hollywood shares his smoothing secrets for straight hair, "I love Phyto Phytodefrisant Relaxing Balm and mix it with Kerastase Nutritive Oleo-Relax Serum."
For taming frizz on curly hair, look for alcohol-free styling products that will encase curls during the drying process, shielding strands and locking in moisture. Apply a product on damp hair that will shape and define curls and block out humidity. Try Miss Jessie's Quick Curls or one of our other great curl care solutions.
Tress Tip: Make sure hair is completely dry before running your hands through it to avoid causing the frizz you worked so hard to prevent.
Secret Weapon: Keratin Treatments
Brazilian keratin treatments entered the luxury salon repertoire in late 2006, an expensive but gentle alternative to Japanese straightening methods. Keratin treatments work to strengthen hair by filling the weak, damaged spots with fortifying keratin protein. By reinforcing your locks, the keratin treatments create extreme smooth and shine that lasts for up to two months.
Miami-based straight hair aficionado JB Veltman says, "I do the Brazilian Keratin Treatment for clients who have frizzy hair... and it lasts for about 3 to 4 months. Anyone who has a problem with humidity and frizz loves it. I've always had great results." With the advent of newer keratin treatments, you can test out the DIY trend at home.
Our office curlies swear by the Liquid Keratin 30 Day Straight Smooth Strong & Long Treatment. With just one use, you can get smoother, softer, frizz-free hair (in less than an hour). Whether you get the treatment in the salon or do it at home, maintain the smooth finish with Liquid Keratin's shampoo and conditioner or other products designed to prolong the treatment's amazing results.


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Welcome International Customers
We're excited to share our jewelry collection with you!
Just choose your country and currency to personalize your shopping experience.
We're excited to share our jewelry collection with you!
Just choose your country and currency to personalize your shopping experience.
28.00 ct. t.w. Beaded Sapphire Bracelet With 10mm Cultured Pearl in 14kt Yellow Gold
Our Price from: $125.00
26.00 ct. t.w. Beaded Ruby Bracelet With 10mm Cultured Pearl in 14kt Yellow Gold
Our Price from: $135.00
Item#: 770655
Wrap your wrist in warm sunshine with this citrine bead and 8.5-9mm cultured freshwater pearl bracelet! Perky citrine beads form a trendy stream with a dazzling pearl focal point. 14kt yellow gold bracelet.
Our 100%
Width: | Graduates from 1/8 inch to 3/8 inch |
Metal: | 14kt 14KT: Karat (abbreviated kt or K) is a unit that indicates the purity of gold in the metal. 14kt is 58.33% gold. In the United States, 14K yellow gold is most favored and used in jewelry. Yellow Gold YELLOW GOLD: Gold is a precious metal with a natural yellow color. It is quite soft and often alloyed with other metals to increase its strength. The purity of the metal is indicated by a unit called a "karat," with 24kt having the highest percentage of natural gold. |
Finish: | Polished POLISHED: A buffed-out finish used to produce a mirror-like shine. |
Clasp: | Lobster LOBSTER CLASP: named after the pinching style of the hook, this clasp is often shaped like a lobster's claw. Use your finger to work the lever to open the clasp. |
Stone 1: | Citrine CITRINE: A member of the quartz family, citrine symbolizes cheerfulness and prosperity. Its name is derived from the French word citron meaning lemon. This sunny stone comes in colors from lemon yellow to amber brown, with its coloring agent attributed to iron. Citrine is the birthstone for November. (Color: Yellow, Shape & Cutting Style: Round Faceted Bead FACETED BEAD: A stone with a drilled hole and a faceted surface. Strung together to decorate bracelets, necklaces, and earrings. , Size: 3.5-4.5 mm) |
Stone 2: | Cultured Freshwater Pearl CULTURED PEARLS: Likened to the moon, pearls have been valued for their luminous glow and natural beauty for thousands of years. Today, high-quality cultured freshwater pearls make pearl jewelry affordable to all. Pearl is the traditional birthstone for the month of June. (Color: White, Quantity: 1, Shape & Cutting Style: Near-round, NEAR-ROUND: A pearl that visually appears almost round. Size: 8.5-9 mm) |
All weights and measures are approximate.
You May Also Like
Learn More About: Pearls Freshwater Pearls Yellow Gold Polished Finish Lobster Clasp Citrine Near-round Pearl


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Talia Weisberg, a freshman at Manhattan High School for Girls in New York, is the founder of Bleep!, and its devoted to curbing cursing among kids and teenagers. Sisterhood contributor Rebecca Honig Friedman recently interviewed Weisberg by email to find out what the bleep Bleep! is all about.Read More
It's been three years since JOFA's last national conference in New York, which may explain the seam-bursting program, with more 50 different sessions in the less than 24 hours. It seems that organizers of the 2010 conference, which begins Saturday night, have decided to cram three-years' worth of pent-up Jewish feminist activity and thought into a night and a day.Read More
"Sex With the Rabbi…" would be a great title for a sex column written by a rabbi's spouse. (To any rebbetzins or husbands of rabbis reading, it's yours!) But "sex with the rabbi" also a subject that's been in the news lately — first as the informal moniker given by Modern Orthodox yeshiva day school students to a mandatory course on Jewish Sexual Ethics that was featured recently in The York Times' "On Religion" column.Read More
Orthodox filmmaker Robin Garbose is one happy camper right now. She has secured distribution for her first feature film in two mainstream movie theaters in Israel. But while any independent filmmaker would be happy to have her work released in theaters, the victory is especially sweet for Garbose, whose film, "A Light for Greytowers," is intended for an audience of women only.Read More


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Good News Translation (GNT) | New International Version (NIV) |
1 We write to you about the Word of life, which has existed from the very beginning. We have heard it, and we have seen it with our eyes; yes, we have seen it, and our hands have touched it. | 1 That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked at and our hands have touched--this we proclaim concerning the Word of life. |
Scripture taken from the Good News Translation - Second Edition, Copyright 1992 by American Bible Society. Used by Permission. (The Good News Translation - The Holy Bible Online) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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and my other favs this week:
5 Easy Garlands by Made in a Day
Perfect project for last minute decorating!
PB Inspired Santa by My Shabby Chic Home
Love this classic Santa!
Candy Cane Mice by Mom On Timeout
Fun way to keep the littlies busy while you're waiting for the big day
Ulitmint Christmas Candy Cookies by Couponing & Cooking
Boutique Bows by Sewing Mama RaeAnna
I am so challenged when it comes to making bows but this tutorial looks super easy to follow. Definitely going to give this a shot!
Are you Ready to Party?!
Latest posts by Amy (see all)
- Essential Sweats are here and on sale today only! – January 29, 2015
- 2 NEW Women's Sewing Patterns! – January 22, 2015
- eShakti Review & Coupon – January 20, 2015


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Game & Watch Boy: Game Boy Camcorder Mod
Released in 1998, the Game Boy Camera turned Nintendo's classic handheld into a digital camera. It shot 128 x 112 black and white images, which could then be printed via – what else – the Game Boy Printer. 8bitcollective member Kraettz does Nintendo one better, frankensteining a device that enables him to use the camera to record video.
Kraettz is still working on a tutorial for his mod, but he did say that he used a "GBA TV Converter and a Portable Video Player with 40 GB Harddrive that records 320×240 pixels" aside from a Game Boy Advance and the camera itself. The camcorder runs on a 9-volt battery, which can power the mod for up to 50 minutes.
Here's a sample of the retrotastic footage that the camcorder captures:
Okay that creeped me out a bit, but if this proves popular, I bet someone's going to make a mobile app that apes this effect, if there's not already one in existence. Keep an eye out on kraettz' page on 8bitcollective for more updates.
[via Joystiq]
MORE:Digital Imaging | Hacks + Mods | Just Plain Fun | Mobile Tech | Retro | Strange + Wonderful | Technology | Videos | camera | game boy advance | geeky | handheld | mod | nintendo | portable


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The Tampa Bay Rays are a regular target on Getting Blanked for their great love of shortstops. Everybody on the Rays is a former shortstop! The Rays line their roster with shortstops at every turn, making great use of defensively flexible players to maximize match ups – something the Rays do better than anyone.
The Seattle Mariners are going the opposite route. The Mariners under Jack Zduriencik prevent runs very well and struggle mightily to score runs. Things are starting to change in Seattle, as the M's seem bound and determined to upgrade their offense.
So far this off-season, they traded a decent pitcher (one who benefited from the run preventing prowess of the Mariners roster and their ballpark) for a switch-hitting DH/first baseman in Kendrys Morales. This move gave the Mariners a whole lot of similar players – DH types who might be able to play some first base or left field (in a pinch) but do little else.
The Mariners made a trade yesterday which, honestly, is a head-scratcher. They added another DH-style bat in the hulking form of (FORMER SHORTSTOP!) Mike Morse, trading away one of their most valuable assests – catcher John Jaso – to do so. The M's now have Morales, Morse, Mike Carp, Justin Smoak, Jason Bay, Jesus Montero and Raul Ibanez in their mix – a whole lot of defensively limited players who can charitably be classified as okay hitters.
Of these seven hitters, only two of them can actually still hit. Morse has power and is the best hitter of the bunch but he is really a more valuable player to the Mariners than John Jaso? Leaving Morse's questionable health history aside it is still tough to say "yes."
They now have only Montero listed under "CATCHER" on their 25 man roster. It is worth noting that in no way, shape, or form is — if you believe the scouting reports on him — Jesus Montero an everyday catcher in the big leagues. Just what are the Mariners doing?
Rather than assembling a team full of versitle athletes, the Mariners instead have a bunch of guys who can kinda sorta hit and not play much in the way of defense. Justin Smoak is a decent first baseman but he is yet to show the ability to hit Major League pitching even a little bit. The key piece of the Mariners Cliff Lee trade was sent down to Triple-A in the middle of 2012.
Dave Cameron ran down the options for the Mariners a few weeks ago, before the Morse deal, and things looked dire at that time. Starting the season with John Jaso as the everyday catcher and Jesus Montero DHing every day is more appealing to me than Montero behind the plate with…Ibanez as the DH against righties and Morse in that spot against lefties, with Casper Wells starting in the outfield? Reminder: Mike Morse doesn't want to be a designated hitter.
The Mariners need to make another trade to clear up this logjam as well as address their catching situation. Rays blog The Process Report has its eyes on on Mike Carp, a decent 1B option for a team that just signed James Loney, for goodness sake.
Cameron believes the three guys most likely to go are Bay, Casper Wells, and Smoak. With his prospect sheen long gone, Smoak doesn't represent much of a trade chip while Casper Wells is Casper Wells so neither does he. The Mariners also must contend with a great deal of outfield depth, with Michael Saunders, Franklin Gutierrez, Eric Thames, and Carlos Peguero wondering where they fit into the future.
Basically, outside of King Felix and Dustin Ackley, the Mariners are boned. They have three hot pitching prospects and catcher of the future Mike Zunino on their way but the cupboards are bare. Kyle Seager is pretty good and Brendan Ryan is a terrific defensive shortstop but, I mean, wow.
Not a good time to be a Mariners fan, who don't even have Ichiro! to get them through the long season. Look out, Houston! You might have some company at the bottom of the AL West. The best marketing team in baseball has its work cut out for the 2013 season.
And the rest
Things weren't always so bad for the Mariners. They won more games than anyone ever in 2001! HOw does that great team stack up against the 2013 Nationals? [ESPN Sweetspot]
Speaking of those Nationals, they didn't just build their juggernaut through first overall draft picks. They made smart trades, too! [Baseball Prospectus]
Time is running out for the Diamondbacks to make a smart trade involving Justin Upton. Nick Piecoro looks at what packages might still be out there. [AZ Republic]
The Padres avoid arbitration with Will Venable. Which sucks as Will Venable yearns to be free! [San Diego UT]
The Barves aren't worried about their sad sack cable deal. They probably should be? [AJC]
Joe Posnanski turns the eye of his BBWAA Project towards right field and Larry Walker. Poor Larry Walker. [Joe Blog]
Keith Law lists five names that just missed the age cutoff for his "top 25 under 25″ series. Buster Posey is American royalty. [ESPN Insider ($)]
The Rockies ZiPS projections are out! Tulo, Cargo, and pray for rain. Well, pray for Dexter Fowler too. [Fangraphs]
Proudcats! [Productive Outs]


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ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4870 X2
Because of the high amount of shaders (2x800) the gaming performance of the Mobility Radeon HD 4870 X2 is very good and allows the gaming of all DirectX 9 games in high resolutions and details. Even demanding DirectX 10 games of 2008 (i.e., Crysis Warhead and Far Cry 2) can be played with high details. The GPU supports fast GDDR5 graphics RAM, but all laptops as of this writing are built with slower GDDR3 graphics memory (Alienware M17x, Asus).
The 4870 X2 also suffers from micro stuttering most noticeable around 30 fps, similar to all SLI and Crossfire setups. This occurs if both cards are in Alternate Frame Rendering (AFR) Mode since the time delay to display each sequential frame becomes irregular. See our dedicated micro stuttering article here for more information.
The Mobility HD 4870 x2 is based on two RV770 chips and features 2x800 stream processors (2x160 5-dimensional shader cores). These cores do the graphics work of the shader and pixel pipelines of older GPUs. The stream processors are also called ALUs and are grouped in five-way VLIW units. Each of the five instructions of a VLIW bundle has to be independent from the others and the performance therefore depends on the optimization of the driver.
The Mobility Radeon HD 4870 X2 includes Avivo HD, an onboard soundchip for 7.1 sound output over HDMI or DisplayPort and the 2nd generation UVD (Unified Video Decoder). UVD 2 supports full bitstream decoding of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC and VC-1 streams, dual video stream decoding and Picture-in Picture mode which makes the UVD full BD-Live compliant. To put simply, the Avivo HD technology handles all video tasks and enables the GPU to decode HD videos.
AMD published a power consumption of about 2x65 Watt for the HD 4870 X2. Still, it is unclear if this value represents the chip alone or the whole MXM board including the memory, which we estimate would add about 2x5 Watts.
Compared to the desktop ATI Radeon HD 4870 X2, the mobile 4870 X2 features a slower core clock and should therefore perform a bit slower than even the desktop HD 4850 X2.
Manufacturer | ATI | ||||||
Mobility Radeon HD 4000 Series |
| ||||||
Codename | M98-XT | ||||||
Architecture | Terascale 1 | ||||||
Pipelines | 1600 - unified | ||||||
Core Speed * | 550 MHz | ||||||
Memory Speed * | 888 MHz | ||||||
Memory Bus Width | 256 Bit | ||||||
Memory Type | GDDR3, GDDR5 | ||||||
Max. Amount of Memory | 2048 MB | ||||||
Shared Memory | no | ||||||
DirectX | DirectX 10.1, Shader 4.1 | ||||||
Transistors | 1912 Million | ||||||
technology | 55 nm | ||||||
Features | OpenGL 2.0, PCI-E 2.0 x16, Powerplay, DisplayPort support up to 2560x1600, HDMI support up to 1920x1080 (both with 7.1 AC3 Audio), 1x Dual-Link/Single-Link DVI, 1x Single-Link DVI Support (all display ports have to be supported by the laptop manufacturer) | ||||||
Notebook Size | large | ||||||
Date of Announcement | 09.01.2009 | ||||||
Link to Manufacturer Page | http://ati.amd.com/products/mobilityrade... |
- Average benchmark values for this graphics card
Game Benchmarks
The following benchmarks stem from our benchmarks of review laptops. The performance depends on the used graphics memory, clock rate, processor, system settings, drivers, and operating systems. So the results don't have to be representative for all laptops with this GPU. For detailled information on the benchmark results, click on the fps number.
CoD Modern Warfare 2
2009Need for Speed Shift
2009Colin McRae: DIRT 2
2009For more games that might be playable and a list of all games and graphics cards visit our Gaming List
Gaming Benchmarks
The Czech website pctuning.cz have already published an extensive review of the Asus W90 with a Intel C2D T9600 and 6 GB RAM. The following gaming benchmarks stem from their review.
Test Drive Unlimited: 1920x1080, high: 47-72 fps -> fluently playable
Bioshock: 1920x1080, high: 67-207 (avg. 131) fps -> fluently playable
Call of Duty 5: 1920x1080, extra: 29-92 (avg. 53) fps -> fluently playable
Crysis Warhead: 1920x1080, Mainstream: 13-45 (avg. 32) fps -> fluently playable (single stutters)
Far Cry 2: 1920x1080, ultra: 21-55 (avg. 33) fps -> fluently playable
Flatout Ultimate Carnage: 1920x1080, high: 36-48 (avg. 43) fps -> fluently playable
Race Driver Grid: 1920x1080, high: 34-56 (avg. 43) fps -> fluently playable
Stalker Clear Sky: 1920x1080, Maximum: 16-39 (avg. 28) fps -> playable
Unreal Tournament 3: 1920x1080, max: 32-63 (avg. 51) fps -> fluently playable
World in Conflict: 1920x1080, high: 19-103 (avg 30) -> playable
Notebook reviews with ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4870 X2 graphics card
Alienware M17x (HD 4870x2): Intel Core i7 620M, 17.0", 5.5 kg
Review » Review Alienware M17x (i7/HD 4870 X2) Notebook
Asus W90Vp: Intel Core 2 Quad Q9000, 18.4", 6.1 kg
Review » Review Asus W90VP Gaming Notebook
Alienware M17x (HD 4870x2): Intel Core i7 620M, 17.0", 5.5 kg
External Review » Alienware M17x (HD 4870x2)
Asus W90Vp: Intel Core 2 Quad Q9000, 18.4", 6.1 kg
External Review » Asus W90Vp


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South Park Elementary Center
2001 Eagle Pride Lane South Park, PA 15129 ph: 412.655.8510 fax: 412.655.6540
Welcome to South Park Elementary Center!
Our goal at the elementary school is to provide a safe learning environment enriched with rewarding and challenging experiences for all of our students. We welcome you to explore our website. Principal: Dr. L. Robert Furman
2014-2015 Teacher Homeroom and Email List
2014.2015 Student Supplies List
To contact the main office by email:
Enrollment and Student Record Requests
Attendance and Transportation Requests


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Home |
Sensory SystemsReceptors
Types of receptorsdetect ions or molecules. Smell (olfaction) and taste rely on chemoreceptors. Mechanoreceptors detect changes in pressure, position, or acceleration; include receptors for touch, stretch, hearing, and equilibrium. Electromagnetic receptors are specialized for infrared radiation, visible light, or magnetic fields. Thermoreceptors detect hot or cold temperatures. Pain receptors detect severe heat and pressure and chemicals released by inflamed tissue. Sensory Organs
Sensory Reception and the Brain
Detecting a range of stimuliStimulation of the plasma membrane of a receptor cell results in depolarization. Sufficient depolarization produces an action potential. Action potentials never vary in magnitude; they are all or none; stronger stimuli do not produce stronger action potentials.
SkinA variety of sensory receptors are found in the skin including mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, and pain receptors (nociceptors). These enable the individual to detect touch (pressure), temperature, and pain. Some of these receptors are listed below. Free nerve endings - heat, light pressure, pain Pacinian corpuscles - firm pressure Meissner corpuscles- onset and end of continuous light pressure Ruffini endings - continuous pressure ChemoreceptorsChemoreceptors may be be the oldest form of sensory receptor because they are universally found in animals. Invertebrates
Vertebrate Chemoreceptors
PhotoreceptorsPhotoreceptors have pigments in receptor cells that absorb light energy and trigger action potentials. Invertebrate Photoreception
Ocelli (eyespots) are depressions in the epidermis that allow the presence and intensity of light to be determined. PlanariansPlanarians have ocelli that are covered but have an opening to one side and forward. They can tell the direction of light because shadows fall on some of the receptor cells while others are illuminated. They move away from light. MollusksMollusks are the simplest animals with eyes. Some mollusks have lenses and therefore are capable of forming clear images. Cephalopods are fast-moving predators and need to catch prey. The camera-type eyes of some cephalopods (squid, octopus) are capable of focusing and forming clear images. Insects and CrustaceansInsects and crustaceans have compound eyes, each with many units called ommatidia. Light is focused onto the pigmented portion of photoreceptor cells called rhabdomeres. Each ommatidium samples a small part of the visual field. Having multiple ommatidia allows the animal to easily detect motion. A single ommatidium produces a single action potential, therefore arthropod vision is grainy but they have a large field of view and can see in low light. Insect eyes are sensitive to different wavelengths than human eyes. Vertebrate Photoreception
Vertebrates have camera type eyes that are capable of forming clear images. The eyeball has a lens, sclera (outer white), choroid (middle, dark brown, with blood vessels and pigment that absorbs stray light), a receptor-packed retina, and a transparent cornea covering the front of the eye. Choroid tissue extends in front of the lens to form the iris. The ciliary body is an extension of the choroid layer. It functions with the suspensory ligament to attach and support the lens. The aqueous humor is a watery material between cornea and lens. The vitreous humor is gelatinous material within the eye. FocusingFocusing by the lens is called accommodation. Fish move their entire lens to focus. Focusing in humans is done by changing the shape of lens with ciliary muscles. These muscles are part of the ciliary body.
The cornea bends light but the lens finishes focusing. As a person ages, their ability to focus their lens decreases. Glasses can correct for this loss of focusing ability. Focusing problemsNearsightedness occurs when the eye is too long and the plane of focus is in front of the retina. Farsightedness occurs when the eye is too short and the plane of focus is behind the retina. Astigmatism is an abnormality in the shape of the lens or cornea so that part of it does not focus properly. Stereoscopic visionIn humans, the visual field of each eye overlaps. Each eye sees the image from a slightly different angle and the brain creates a three-dimensional image. This allows the individual to perceive depth of field. Many animals do not have overlapping fields of vision. They cannot perceive depth but they have a wider field of view. Some (ex: birds) can perceive depth by moving their heads. Below: This bird is looking at the camera. Before the photograph was taken, the birds head was oriented forward. As the photographer approached, it turned to the side to get a better view of what was in front of it. Rods and ConesVertebrate eyes contain two kinds of photoreceptors: rods and cones. RodsRods cannot distinguish colors and do not provide sharp vision. They are more sensitive to dim light and are better at detecting motion than cones. They are most abundant in the periphery of the retina. Rods have several hundred stacked membranous disks that contain the pigment rhodopsin. ConesCones function in color vision. They produce sharp images but require bright light. Cones are most dense in an area in the back of the eye called the fovea. This area has the greatest visual acuity. There are three types of cones, each responds to one color, either red, green, or blue because the visual pigment is slightly different for each color. Different combinations of red, green and blue produce other colors. For example, the brain interprets signals that come from red and green cones as yellow. The figure below shows how any of the colors can be produced as a combination of these three colors. Processing of visual informationRods and cones signal neurons called bipolar cells, which, in turn, signal neurons called ganglion cells. Therefore, processing of visual information occurs in the retina as well as in the brain.In the dark, sodium gates are open, the cells are depolarized and release neurotransmitter. Some bipolar cells are inhibited (hyperpolarized) by the neurotransmitter and other bipolar cells are stimulated (depolarized). When light strikes rhodopsin molecules, their shape changes, causing sodium gates to close. As a result, the cells become polarized and neurotransmitter is not released. Bipolar cells that are inhibited by the neurotransmitter become stimulated and bipolar cells that are stimulated become inhibited. Example of Processing in the Retina: An Optical IllusionThe diagram below shows seven gray bars. Each bar is slightly darker than the bar above it. Within each bar, the shade of gray does not change. The bars appear, however, to be a lighter shade near the bottom boundary with the next bar. When cone cells in the retina are stimulated, nearby cone cells are inhibited. The dark edge of a bar inhibits nearby cones that are viewing the lighter bar above it causing the lighter edge to appear lighter than it actually is. This phenomenon functions to accentuate the edges, making them more visible. The Optic Nerve and BrainAxons from ganglion cells pass in front of the retina and then form the optic nerve that brings the signal to the thalamus. From the thalamus, information passes to the part of the cerebral cortex in the back of the head called the primary visual cortex for further processing. Before reaching the thalamus, the optic nerves from each eye join at the optic chiasm. The information from the left part of the retina of each eye travels to the left primary visual cortex. Information from the right side of each retina travels to the right primary visual cortex. The photograph below was obtained by slicing through the head of a cadaver. The slice was done at the level of the eye. The lenses, optic chiasm, and left optic nerve can be seen. The right optic nerve is not visible because it is either above or below the field of view. Characteristics of SoundSound waves are a series of compressed and uncompressed molecules of air. The diagram below shows how the vibration of a loudspeaker produces these waves of compression. The waves are spreading away from the loudspeaker. The sound waves are graphed below. The pitch of sound depends on the number of waves (vibrations) per second. Deep bass sounds are produced by few vibrations per second while high, shrill sounds are produced by thousands of vibrations per second. Humans can generally hear sounds that range from approximately 20 to 20,000 Hz (vibrations per second). Animals such as bats, dolphins, and whales use sound to locate prey (called echolocation) and can hear in the range from 100 - 140,000 Hz. The amplitude (height) of the wave in the graphs represents the amount of compression. Loud sounds have a greater amplitude, that is, they result from more compression. The graphs below show two sounds of the same pitch (frequency) but the louder sound has a greater amplitude. MechanoreceptorsCharacteristics of Mechanoreceptors
The Vertebrate EarEvolution
Outer earThe pinna directs sound to the auditory canal. The auditory canal contains hair which functions to filter the air and modified sweat glands that produce earwax. Middle earThree small bones called ossicles transfers vibrations from the eardrum (tympanic membrane) to the inner ear. They amplify pressure 20 times. Structures malleus (hammer) incus (anvil) stapes (stirrup) round window oval window eustachian tube- connected to pharynx; permits equalization of air pressure Inner earThe cochlea is a coiled structure that resembles a snail shell. It contains 3 canals. The floor of the middle canal is called the basilar membrane. It contains at least 24,000 hair cells. Movement of the hairs (cilia) triggers action potentials and results in the sensation of sound. The tectorial membrane protrudes into the canal just above the hair cells. The hair cells plus the tectorial membrane are the organ of Corti. Mechanism of operation:The stirrup vibrates the oval window. Pressure in the fluid of inner ear (vestibular and tympanic canals) causes the basilar membrane to move up and down with the vibrations. The up-and-down motion of the hair cells pushes them against the tectorial membrane, producing action potentials. Auditory information is carried from the cochlea too the midbrain and thalamus. The information is relayed from the thalamus to the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex. Click the thumbnail below to view a diagram summarizing the flow of sensory information in the brain. Pitch and LoudnessThe basilar membrane is narrow and rigid near the oval window but widens toward the inside of the cochlea. The narrow, stiff portion resonates (vibrates) at higher frequencies than the broad portion further inside. High frequencies (bells, whistles) vibrate the narrow, rigid part nearest the oval window. Low frequencies (bass sounds) vibrate the membrane further inside. The stimulation of hair cells closest to the oval window produces the sensation of a high-pitched sound while the stimulation of hair cells further in produces a deep bass sensation. Louder sound causes greater movement of the basilar membrane. Loud sounds can cause permanent damage to the hair cells. BalanceStatocystsCnidarians, mollusks and crustaceans use statocysts as an organ of equilibrium. VestibuleThe vestibule can detect a tilting head or changes in velocity in one direction. It contains two small chambers called the utricle and the saccule. Within these chambers hair cells have cilia that are embedded in a gelatinous material. The gelatinous material also is mixed with granules of calcium carbonate. When the head is tilted or when there is a change in velocity, the granules and gelatin move in response to gravity or motion. Their movement bends hair cells. When the cilia are bent in one direction, the frequency of action potentials is increased. When bent in the opposite direction, the frequency decreases. Semicircular canalsThe semicircular canals are filled with a fluid that moves when the head is rotated. Because each canal is oriented at 90 degrees to each other, they are capable of detecting rotation in any direction. An ampulla is located at the base of each semicircular canal. The ampulla contains cupula which are hair cells embedded in a gelatinous material. When the head rotates, fluid in at least one canal moves past the cupula, bending hair cells and triggering action potentials. |


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My Profile
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Reviewed Sweet Potato Pie
Nov 25, 2011 in Food Network Community Toolbox on FoodNetwork.com
"The worst sweet potato pie I've ever tasted. After figuring out what went wrong. I notice this recipe doesn't contain butter, milk, and not enough sugar. If you insist on trying this recipe, you will definitely waste your money."""
Reviewed Southern California Collard Greens
Nov 20, 2010 in Food Network Community Toolbox on Food Network
"I'm not a fan of collards, but I use a mixture of turnip and mustard greens with this recipe and they were great. My coworkers said they reminded them of the greens their mothers and grandmothers cooked. Will definitely used this recipes again and again and again. . . . ."


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Who do you think looks best today? (5 photos)
The best street style from London Fashion Week: http://ow.ly/p48HS via @StyleCaster
Rihanna has worn her cherry red mane in an asymmetrical crop, long and straight, in a bouncy bob, and piled high in voluptuous curls. For a fan event in London (bottom left), "Rihanna wanted something fun and unserious, so I topped off her curly updo with a polka-dot scarf," Stephen says.Read MoreLess