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The Ghost Chronicles: Murder in Mapel hill Chapter 10
Chapter (10):
Abbie reached her bedroom door, and wrenched it open she stepped inside slammed the door shut and all of a sudden she let out a scream, on her bed sitting cross legged, a girl with with bloodstained blond hair, pale skin, wide blue eyes and she was wearing a bloodstained blue dress, there were shadows under her eyes and her lips were slightly purple, The ghost of Lily Gellar was sitting on Abbie's bed, "L-L-Lily" she stuttered, "She's a lier" replied Lily in a creepy half whisper, and she disappeared leaving Abbie swimming in confusion, Abbie walked to her bed and sat on her bed, "Who's a lier?" whispered Abbie to herself, She lay back staring at her cieling, she closed her eyes and immediately fell into deep sleep. She was walking in a strange hallway, she stopped when she heard noises from a door on her right, she reached a hand for it but she noticed that it wasn't her own hand it was someone else's, she touched the door knob and just before she could open it, she heard a familiar voice, "Abbie" it said, "Ab, wake up", her eyes sprang open, and there she saw a face a boy's face, he had Light brown hair, and light Hazel eyes, "Noah" said Abbie sitting up, "Yeah...who else" he said sarcastically, "there's something I have to tell you-" she began, "Mom told me" he cut her off, "Congratulations" he continued, "Shut up" said Abbie resting her head on his shoulder and grinning, "wait mom told you right did she tell you about the murder?" she asked, "That I saw on the news, oh you and Leo were featured by the way" answered Noah, "What?" said Abbie getting to her feet, "Yeah, mom also said you've seen Lily twice" he said, "Make three times" said Abbie, "I saw her last night in my room she told me that someone was a lier and she disappeared" , " That's a clue Ab," said Noah, " Have you had any dreams?" he asked, "Two" replied Abbie taking out a pair of jeans from her closet, "Care to tell them to your dear brother" he said now getting to his feet too and heading towards a chest of drawers, "One was about how Lily got attacked, and two Lily was walking in a hallway she heard noises coming from a door, she tried to open it and then you woke me up" she said, "Well, that's strange, what T-shirt do you want?" he said opening the first drawer, "I don't want a T-shirt I want a camisole" she said closing her closet door and heading towards the chest of drawers, she pushed Noah aside closed the first drawer opened the last one, and took out a Purple spaghetti strap Camisole with a picture of a teddy bear holding an, 'I wuv you Beary much' sign, "Wow,very mature" said Noah glaring at the teddy bear, "Shut up and leave I gotta change" she said pushing Noah to the door, "Okay, Okay sis I'm leaving" he said smiling, she smiled back and closed the door behind her locked it and, changed into her jeans and Camisole, she headed to her dressing table sat down on her stool and glared at her own reflection for a moment, she grabbed a hairbrush brushed her hair and tied into a ponytail, leaving her fringe to cover her forehead, she put on her silver watch and a pair of hoop earrings and headed out of room, "Morining everyone" she said as soon as she reached the living room where Noah was sitting on the couch a piece of buttered toast in his hand, "Morning, darling" said Abbie's father, kissing her on the cheek, "Where's mom?" she asked, "in the the kitchen" replied Noah, Abbie darted to the kitchen there she found her mom standing near the sink and washing the dishes, "Morning mom" said Abbie smiling, her mom turned and smiled weakly at her, "I'm sorry" said Abbie, "About what?" replied her mother, "Last night" said Abbie her eyes focused on the ground, "appolgy accepted" said her mother, they both smiled at each other, "grab something to eat, Noah is gonna drop you of to school" said her mom, "I'm meeting Leo" said Abbie, "Tell Noah to pick him up on the way" said her mother, "Okay, I will" she said, she grabbed and apple and headed toward the living room, "Come on Ab, you'll be late" said Noah who was standing near the door, "All right, let's pick up Leo on the way" she said, "sure" said her brother, she put on her coat and grabbed her messenger bag, and they both left after saying goodbye to there father, "you should call Leo" said Noah hold the car door open for her, "Okay" replied Abbie as Noah closed the door, Abbie grabbed her cellphone out of her bag and dialled Leo's number, after two rings he answered, "Hey" he said, "Hi Leo" replied Abbie, "What's up?" he asked, "Not much, hey are you still at home?" she replied, "Yeah" said Leo, "okay stay there me and my also Psych bro Noah are gonna pick you up" she said, Noah gave her a glare, "it's okay bro, he knows" she said, "Awesome, Noah is a psych too" he said, "yeah, but I'll be seeing your ghost if you tell anyone" she added sarcastically, "ha ha" said Leo, "I'll see you" said Abbie, "me too" said Leo, and they both hung up and at the same time, Abbie hadn't realized that they started driving yet, she sat quitely the whole journey to Leo's house. |
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2 comments
rory2011 said:
cool ,the story is getting more interesting ,I just have a question ,what lily meant when she said "she's a lair " she meant Susie or her mother ? what did she mean ?
oh I want to read the next chapter so bad
posted over a year ago.
LadyEmzy16 said:
Thnx and I'm not telling......it's impossible for me to tell!
posted over a year ago.
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The Madeleine Brand Show for January 19, 2012
News from the GOP trail: Goodbye Perry, Iowa doubts for Romney and the wrath of an ex for Gingrich
Scott Olson/Getty Images
Republican presidential candidate Texas Governor Rick Perry has dropped out of the GOP race
Rick Perry announced Thursday morning he is dropping out of the GOP presidential race. A final tally of the votes in Iowa threw Mitt Romney's win there into question. ABC will air a potentially damaging interview Thursday with Newt Gingrich's ex-wife, two days before the important South Carolina primary.
Molly Ball, political reporter for The Atlantic. She joins us from the campaign trail in South Carolina.

subset: commoncrawl


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Sennheiser Restructures Leadership
Wedemark, Germany - Dec 17, 2010 - The supervisory board of Sennheiser Electronic adopted the company's new global organizational structure. Three business divisions will target the markets of consumer electronics, professional systems and installed sound.
The new structure of the company consists of the following seven units:
The managers of these units will form the new Executive Management Board (EMB) of the Sennheiser Group, with Volker Bartels as its spokesperson.
The Consumer Electronics division will concentrate on the headphone trade sector as well as audiology and telecommunications products. The Professional Systems division will manage professional audio, live sound, studio and professional headsets, while the Installed Sound division will cover fixed sound-program transmission systems.
The implementation of the new organization commences on Jan. 1, 2011 and will be finalized at the end of the year.
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Interview by Nic Gerbode | contributor
Transcribed by Marlan Moore | staff editor
Anyone that knows voice actors knows the name Steve Blum. He's seemingly been in everything — from Cowboy Bebop to Naruto, and American cartoons like Young Justice and Ultimate Spider-Man. If you've watched anime, or cartoons, or play video games, chances are, you've heard the voice of Steve Blum.
Inside AX was lucky enough to get a chance to speak with the veteran voice actor at AX 2012, who talked to us about his script work, his inspiration, his role in Toonami's return, and more.
Inside AX: Steve, it's nice to finally meet you in person.
Steve Blum: It's nice to meet you.
IAX: Thank you. So, first question – you did some scripting for Digimon when that show was first getting localized. Have you thought about doing more script writing?
SB: I have, and the answer would be no.
IAX: Why is that?
SB: Well, I did that A, for the experience, and B, for the money because I was a starving actor and it was really fun writing for that show specifically. I have a very fond affection for Digimon. But time-wise, I just don't have a schedule that allows that anymore. It took me 40 hours to write a 20 minute script. And I just can't allot that kind of time to do that anymore. So I have no aspirations to trying to be a writer anytime in my near future.
IAX: Totally comprehensible. Have you ever played a character that you thought no one would recognize?
SB: Maybe in the beginning, until I realized how good the fans were at that. Through the years I've realized they're going to pick up pretty much anything I do no matter how I tweak the voice. So I kind of gave up on that dream of kind of hiding anything anymore. Unless they tweak it electronically.
IAX: It took me a while to figure out that you were Grunt in Mass Effect 2, but I eventually kind of picked up that inflection of you and figured they probably just edited it on the computer or something.
SB: That one they did pitch down. That's one of the few characters they pitched down. That one and I think maybe Rytlock Brimstone from Guild Wars 2, which is coming out soon. I believe they're pitching that one down also. And maybe something for Diablo, the Blizzard game. That character I believe they pitched down a little bit too. Most of my other ones they don't.
IAX: For your video game, Bulletstorm, was all of the vulgarity written by a professional writer or did they just let you wing it on some of it?
SB: They're a sick bunch of people, and a lot of that was scripted. I, uh, sweetened it a little, shall we say. I did come up with my own naughty words throughout and sprinkled them in as much as they allowed me to. And they were actually very generous in allowing me to vulgar it up as much as I could. So that was just a cuss-fest. It was awesome.
My favorite part of that, in fact, was in the original promo campaign, where I got to abuse the players into buying the game online. That was unprecedented, I think.
IAX: Awesome. Can you give me a percentage of characters you've played that don't eventually die somewhere in the series?
SB: [laughs] I don't know. I have no idea. We'll have to ask the fans.
IAX: I'm just noticing your tattoo on your arm looks like a soundwave file.
SB: It is.
IAX: Is it a particular soundwave file?
SB: It is actually a soundwave of Spike saying "Bang." in the last episode of Cowboy Bebop.
IAX: I had my suspicions. All right, that's awesome.
SB: That's the exact file. I ripped it from the video and put it into Pro Tools and took a snapshot of it and brought it to a tattoo guy.
If there were a way to play this, you could. I'm thinking of implanting a chip at some point.
IAX: Are there any voice actors that have really inspired you, like Peter Cullen or Mark Hamill?
SB: All of them. And, well, something that a lot of people don't talk about is the people who don't have as big a name. There's a lot of people in the anime industry that inspired me from day one. And I'm continued to be inspired by all of my colleagues.
Sitting on that panel yesterday with Lounge 21, every one of those people are amazing and top of the cream voice talent. It's amazing. I'm literally inspired every time I walk into a studio and see my friends working.
As for the more recognizable names, people like Mark Hamill, people like Rob Paulson, I always talk about Frank Welker, who is a personal hero of mine just because of the kind of human being he is. Besides being one of the most ridiculously inhuman talents I've ever known with a gigantic human heart underneath all that. The people that I'm most drawn to and most inspired by are really the people that can back it up by being a really solid, decent human being as well.
Check out Part II of our interview, where Blum gives an in-depth look at the return of Toonami.
Also, check out our other interviews.
Related Posts
Tags: ax 2012, interview, steve blum, voice actor


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Have you ever in your life heard a gardener complain about having too many ferns? Impossible....ferns are botanically fascinating, endlessly garden-worthy, so beautiful, and some are even drought tolerant. They range from the evergreen, workhorse autumn ferns to the wildly dramatic, covetable tree ferns. How about the delicate maidenhair, or little sprouts of groundcover ferns, and even the sturdy, vertical punch of our native swordferns?
These ferns, and many more I've never seen, can't spell the names of, and certainly can't pronounce, will be on sale at the Center for Urban Horticulture on Friday, June 7th, noon to 6:30, and Saturday, June 8th 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.
There'll be a talk by Kelly Dodson and Sue Milliken of Far Reaches Farm on Friday evening. Specialty plant vendors will be there with plants to fern- up your garden, and to answer any questions.
Come join the Fern Fest party and hobnob with other fern fanciers....CUH is located at 3501 N.E. 41st Street, behind University Village on the street into Laurelhurst.
Here are a few of the beauties that will be at the sale...these ferns are all growing in Pat Riehl's fern-rich stumpery garden on Vashon Island - thanks for the photos Pat.
Blechnum plenna-marina, an evergreen fern with coppery-colored springtime foliage..
Adiantum venustum - the Himalayan maidenhair fern has lacy foliage on black stems
Polystichum setiferum, the soft shield fern, has architecturally shaped fronds. It's evergreen, loves a woodland garden environment.


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The Skillman Project, a group dedicated to improving Skillman Avenue, hosted its 2nd Annual Oktoberfest Bar and Restaurant Hop on Saturday night.
The event took place in various restaurants and bars on Skillman Avenue from 46th to 51st streets in Sunnyside.
Almost 300 people registered for the event and were treated to beer specials, German-style food and eclectic celebrations at the nine participating establishments.
The Skillman Project charged $5 for the event, all of which will go back into Skillman Avenue in order to beautify and maintain the area.


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You're leaving Wedding Paper Divas to see the Deal of the Day at our parent site, Tiny Prints.
You won't be able to dismiss this by usual means (escape or click button), but you can close it programatically based on user choices or actions.
"Feeling so satisfied with the menu (and we haven't even eaten yet) because of these amazing menu cards! WPD has not let me down throughout my entire wedding planning process. I am truly amazed at the excellent customer service and personal touch added to each item I have ordered so far. It's such a pleasure to know exactly where to turn to for perfect wedding stationary each and every step of the way. These menu cards are of great quality and sophistication. I especially love the size! They are not long and skinny, but rather just wide enough to fit nicely at the dinner table. Can't wait for dinner to be served with these cards as the perfect complement!"
"The fall branch menu coordinated with our invitations, placecards, thanks yous etc and provided a nice decorative and informative touch at our reception. We used the majestic and charcoal colors to coordinate with our fall wedding color scheme. Very lovely!"
"These menu cards are the perfect design for our wedding. The designer was great in creating exactly what I wanted, right down to the date format. I wouldn't have minded them slightly bigger, but I can't really fault anything!"
"The best part about this product was that I was able to completely change all of the layout to suit our event. The finished product is smart and elegant and looked really lovely on the table top at our wedding."


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Krampus Day - December 5th
Although some parts of Austria celebrate Krampus day on the 6th, the 5th of December has traditonally been the day that devil-like Krampus roam the streets punishing those for their bad doings thoughout the year. They are often accompanied by St. Nicholas and can be found in parades in the evening. The Krampus, as seen below, often wear wooden masks, are dressed in animal furs, and often carry bells, chains, whips, and baskets with them. In case you were wondering about the baskets, they carry them on their backs in case the Krampus need to take away the children who've been bad throughout the year.
Saint Nicholas Day - December 6th
Although Saint Nicholas often accompanies the Krampus on their parade through the streets on December 5th, he also brings children candy, fruit and small toys if they are good during the year. During the parade, he is often seen carrying a book - a book which holds the names of all the both bad and good little girls and boys. Children often put their boots out on the window sill or in front of their bedroom door in hopes of receiving candy from St. Nicholas. The tradition of receiving candy, fruit, or small presents in ones shoes has actually been brought over to parts of the U.S. from europe. In Austria and Germany, the tradition (which may vary slightly in different parts of the country) is that the boots of good children will be filled with goodies on December 6th by St. Nicholas. Those children who were bad during the year receive coal, sticks, or potatoes. Click here to find out more information about german Saint Nicholas customs.
(Click on the image to see the full-sized version)
Die Salzburger Christkindlmarkt - Nov 23rd thru Dec 24th
The "Salzburger Christkindlmarkt" or Salzburg Christmas Market is traditionally held at the Dome square in front of St. Peter's Cathedral as well as Residenzplatz (residence square) in the heart of the old city. Like other christmas markets, you can find a wide variety of seasonal food, drinks, and hand-crafted items here. The Christkindlmarkt is normally open most of the day, so you can browse the stalls at your ease. Just remember, it is as cold in Salzburg as Ohio, you you'll probably want either some Gluehwein (hot spiced wine) or punsch (punch) to keep you warm while you are looking around.
The Tradition of Silent Night
The song "Stille Nachte" ("Silent night" as we know it in English) originates from the town of Oberndorf through the collaborative efforts of two friends - Josef Franz Mohr and Franx Xaver Gruber. The song was first performed on December 24th, 1818 at the St. Nicholas Church in Oberndorf (about 10 km or 6.2 miles away from Salzburg). Since then, the song has been become world renown has been translated into over 200 different languages.
To find out more information about "Stille Nacht", you can take a look at the following websites: The official website of the Silent Night Museum (German Version)
Silent Night website at Stillenacht.info (has a webcam in Oberndorf) (German Version)
The Silent Night Museum website by Bill Egan
The lyrics to Silent Night in 130 different languages at silent night web
Note: Unless otherwise stated, the links should be in english. If there is a german version available, the separate link will be accessible under "(German version)".


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The skills it takes to be a successful improviser — listening, adaptability, trust, authenticity, focus/being present, releasing control/pre-conceived notions, being open to outcome — are the very skills needed to be successful in in the workplace; specifically, in building relationships.
GrantCraft develops and curates resources across different strategies, issues, languages, and formats. Come explore with us.
GrantCraft is a service of the Foundation Center, which has a suite of other products and services. Here, you can see what's new in the rest of our organization that's relevant to your work, too.
When you join the GrantCraft community, you'll not only access our vast collection of curated resources, but will become part of our global web of changemakers.
Your personalized dashboard lets you save anything you see on the site to return to easily later. We'll be adding more dashboard features periodically to give you a VIP GrantCraft experience.
Stay up to date on news, content, and opportunities by receiving our carefully curated newsletters. You'll also be the first to know of anything new available to you through GrantCraft.
You'll be able to share your experiences and perspective by submiting content to be integrated into the site, and can comment on anything already shared through GrantCraft.


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Memberships offer unlimited usage of batting cages, pitching tunnel and fielding area to improve your game year round.
Expert instructors provide group or private lessons in baseball, softball, speed and agility.
In-depth, specialized group clinics and camps help you take your skills to the next level.
Visit 5 Tool at 9000 W. Smith Street, Yorktown, IN.


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The building dates from mediaeval times. It's understood that the Bell was in the left-hand side of the building pictured. It isn't shown on any available OS maps (as early as 1882) so presumably closed before that date.
listed building grade II
last updated 28/08/2014
(Most pub, location & historic details collated by Nigel, Tony or Keith - original sources are credited)


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As we enter the new millennium, it might be constructive to critique the many changes we are experiencing in the way we must do business to survive, grow and prosper in an ever changing and expanding global market. Market pressures have never been more demanding, whether we are in the automotive or non-automotive sectors of the world economy.
In the U.S. market, there are tremendous changes occurring in our manufacturing facilities today to keep competitive and still maintain ever-increasing product quality standards. We are forced to find and implement better methods and procedures to meet ongoing global market demands. Many companies are developing the "Kaizen" approach to Continuous Improvement Programs, (TQM) Total Quality Management, ISO 9000, etc.
In the field of grinding, polishing, buffing and deburring, both large and small manufacturing plants must continue to upgrade their finishing operations and facilities. Manual finishing methods are becoming less desirable and highly ineffective as we plan to meet future manufacturing goals and projections. The available labor force today typically is not interested in working in "dirty" polishing departments, as there are many other much more appealing job opportunities. Also, current environmental rules and regulations help to discourage and limit hand grinding and deburring approaches in most U.S. plants. There is a definite trend to minimize hand-finishing operations, as well as to replace many of the older and long established polishing and buffing machines. Another option is to send this type of work off shore to the Far East, India, Latin America or Mexico; however this is not a good long-term solution. Problems with extended deliveries, excessive inventory of parts, additional shipping costs, quality issues and overall control negatively affects U.S. companies trying to find alternative sources to meet high-quality part supplies at controlled costs.
In defining mechanical finishing of specific part types related to various industries, basic categories can be classified under "decorative" and "functional."
Most metalworking plants are faced with market pressures to upgrade their products in appearance and performance, as well as improve their manufacturing cost base to better meet domestic and worldwide competition. Especially on decorative consumer products that are coated or plated, significant manufacturing costs are directly related to polishing and buffing operations. Preparation by mechanical surface finishing is important for decorative lock and plumbing hardware, hand tools, cookware and appliances, lamps and lighting fixtures, golf clubs, motorcycles, handguns and rifles, aluminum extruded building products, automotive bumpers and cast aluminum wheels.
On functional internal part components that affect product efficiency and performance, deburring and super finishing are becoming important secondary operations. With extended part warranties, such as in the automotive field, quality control to ensure the integrity of the part components becomes a key cost factor. Specifications for surface finish and geometry of bearing and load surfaces for transmission shafts, gears, yokes, drums, axles, camshafts, crankshafts, connecting rods, pistons and engine blocks are being continually upgraded. Other non-automotive applications requiring better controlled surface finish and tolerances are found on truck and earth moving vehicles, medical prostheses or implants, pump screws and valves, air compressor and air conditioner components, motor rotor components aircraft engine compressor discs and blades, aircraft frame components, and hydraulic telescopic cylinders.
The examples listed above represent only a portion of the total mechanical surface finishing applications that are influenced by current market factors. These market factors are causing many changes in the way we control and operate our plants.
The following are market factors that affect decision making regarding mechanical surface finishing operations and equipment.
a. A recent example in the field of coated abrasive belts, is the development of "structured abrasives." Coated abrasive belts use a technology known as "microreplication," which has given the ability to obtain precisely shaped composite grains bonded to a belt backing. More uniform fine belt finishes can be achieved to reduce sequential belt steps, extend belt life and ultimately improve final surface quality finishes at reduced operating costs.
Labor shortages of qualified and trained personnel continue to affect most U. S. manufacturers. Local, state and federal training programs are being expanded, but this does not solve the complete problem. There must be other ways to offset the lack of qualified labor pools. Programmable and flexible finishing systems can also help to offset reduced labor conditions.
As an answer to many market conditions and pressures outlined above, electronic and computer hardware and software technology have been developed for grinding, polishing, buffing, deburring and satin finishing. Examples of current applications illustrate a variety of computerized and programmable electronic systems that have been integrated into basic mechanical finishing equipment and processes.
These systems address many of the critical market factors challenging modern manufacturing environments.
The machine tool industry has been making excellent progress in addressing the market conditions and pressures outlined above. New programmable computer technology using Robotic, PLC, CNC and PC-based devices applied to mechanical finishing systems for grinding, polishing, buffing, deburring and satin finishing can be integrated into many robotic and programmable controlled finishing systems.
The following robotic and programmable controlled finishing systems illustrate and describe a variety of finishing applications for automotive and truck aluminum wheels, telescopic hydraulic cylinders, lock and plumbing hardware, aluminum building extrusions and a complete family of stainless steel ball valves. These typical applications cover a series of diverse mechanical finishing requirements necessary to establish typical bench marks into the new millennium.
The automotive and truck industry has created a growing demand for bright aluminum cast and forged decorative wheels. Figure 1 shows a variety of wheel designs, which are presently automatically polished and buffed to a uniform mirror finish. For high production requirements, Figure 2 illustrates an eleven head rotary system provides the operator with maximum buffing control in "cut" and "color" buffing automotive cast wheels. In this case, the wheels are fixtured vertically to easily satisfy the parts handling of the smaller automotive wheels. With eleven workstations, electronic and programmable controls assist the operator to better monitor and control the machine for rapid set-up and production operations.
In Figure 3, specially designed Acme O.D. and I.D. individual buffing heads perform a series of "cut" and "color" buffing operations on the inside surfaces of 22- and 24-inch diameter truck wheels on a large index table with wheels fixtured horizontally having specialized tooling for easier part handling.
An alternative wheel buffing system for lower volume requirements provides a five-axis, four workstation machine as shown in Figures 4 and 5. A (CNC) computer numerical controlled buffing machine provides maximum flexibility for rapid machine changeover. Minimum tooling allows the four-station system to be more cost-effective for a variety of automotive wheel buffing requirements. The basic four-head arrangement can be set up for "cut" or "color" tangent wheel buffing or wide wheel "mush" buffing to meet lower production requirements. Various wheel designs are preprogrammed on the five-axis system, allowing machine changeover in a matter of minutes.
A Four-Head Fully Programmable Centerless Abrasive Belt Grinding and Polishing System provides high stock removal on telescopic hydraulic cylinder tubes on a "single-pass-through" operation. A 15-axis programmable controlled system is shown in Figure 6. Approximately 0.60 inch stock removal can be ground to a controlled finish and precise tolerance standards on thin-walled D.O.M. tubing from 1-10 inches O.D. "Smart-Screen" operator controls allow complete machine changeover normally in less than five minutes.
The abrasive belt grinding process and the automatic tube handling system help provide a very cost effective and productive integrated system for high volume O.D. tube and rod grinding when compared to other methods, including bonded wheel centerless grinding and CNC turning. This method of centerless abrasive belt grinding has become a universal standard in the hydraulic cylinder industry for both low and high production requirements for tube and rod finishing on many types of truck lift cylinders in the United States, Canada, England and Brazil.
High production, continuous, in-line buffing and satin finishing systems with programmable controls for rapid machine changeover offer maximum flexibility to finish brass doorknobs and rosettes for a variety of different lock hardware styles. Production rates of 6,000 parts per hour are feasible.
Figure 7 illustrates an in-line conveyor machine with seven adjustable buffing heads. They are controlled by a "smart-screen" with menu-driven software (Figure 8) for ease of operator control. The buffing heads are equipped with automatic head positioning through a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) system. This concept allows the manufacturer to produce at high rates and still have the ability to changeover quickly to other part styles to meet "just-in-time" production scheduling goals.
One of twelve robotic finishing work cells for decorative lock hardware uses coated abrasive belts and nylon abrasive belts/wheels to satin finish various door levers in a programmable work cell. The overall systems shown in Figures 9 - 10 show how an Acme designed over and under and a six-sided part server are integrated into the systems. These arrangements allow the robotic cells to run for several hours without need of operator attention. The indexing part server is designed to allow the addition of a second robot. This will double output without adding additional material handling.
The robotic cell is completely enclosed in a sheet metal housing to meet safety and environmental requirements. Figure 12 shows the robot satin finishing the underside of a brass lever using a nylon abrasive wheel for consistent and uniform cosmetic finishes.
A variety of different brass cast plumbing housings, bases and faucet spouts are ground and polished in a robotic work cell, as shown in Figures 13 to 16. The parts are selected from multiple queuing trays. Dual trays provide a continuous part supply to the robot for approximately one to two hours, as shown in Figure 13. A series of four coated abrasive belt operations rough grind and finish polish the contoured shaped brass castings on a consistent and repeatable basis. Custom software provides the operator with a simplified menu-controlled screen for changing part programs and maximizing the abrasive belt life by use of programmable force-control and variable belt speeds on the grinding/polishing heads.
The buffing of aluminum extrusions can be programmed on a 4-ft wide by 24-ft long stationary worktable in conjunction with a wide traversing buffing head. A series of extrusions can be preloaded on interchangeable work platens for more efficient part handling to maximize "up time" on the buffing table. The basic machine, Figure 17, is enclosed in a sheet metal house to control the environmental conditions from the operator. The operator can load the fixtured worktable outside the house enclosure from both sides of the machine (Figure 18). A programmable control system is provided with a CRT screen for ease of operation control and monitoring. An automatic multiple spray gun compound system is mounted on a 40 hp, 4-ft wide traversing buffing head for "cut and color" buffing operations. Satin finishing operations can also be adapted when using nylon abrasive finishing wheels for added machine flexibility.
A robotic work cell is capable of abrasive belt polishing and buffing to a mirror finish a family of stainless steel ball valves in sizes from 1-12 inches O.D. In Figure 19, the robot is located on a common base with two belt heads and two buff heads, with exhaust ducts mounted in the base and connected to an exhaust system for dust collection evaluation. In Figure 20, the family of ball valves are fixtured on queuing trays with dual drawers for intermittent operator load and unload, without affecting the robot operation. The robot controls are provided with "operator friendly" software through a Smart Screen for ease of operator control. The 12-inch O.D. ball valve, weighing 90-100 lb, is the largest ball valve of many sizes to be programmed in the robotic work cell. This particular application demonstrates excellent flexibility of a robotic work cell performing a number of difficult edge deburring and super finishing operations that were previously performed in manual operations.
It is important to note that many manual operations of this type are being converted to robotic polishing and buffing methods. The manual fatigue factor of handling the larger ball valves is now minimized at greatly reduced cycle times for a very cost effective operation. In addition, new structured abrasive belt products help to provide more efficient belt polishing operations by reducing the number of abrasive belt sequences in order to achieve a final mirror finish throughout the ball valve family of parts.
Another classic benchmark robotic application includes the grinding, polishing, and buffing of knee implant prostheses parts, which in the past had required an equivalent of 15-20 manual polishers to perform the work of one robotic work cell (Figures 20 and 21) Acme robotic work cells have evolved to a level where grinding and polishing can combine gate removal, contour and tolerance grinding, and super finishing of chrome-cobalt investment cast knee and hip implants using very sophisticated finishing technology.
In summary, the global market factors will continue to push our manufacturing and finishing concepts to higher levels of achievement. The changes in mechanical finishing for cosmetic and functional part products have been greatly influenced through growing technology of robotic and computer controlled finishing processes and systems. Progressive companies today must support and encourage continuous improvement and concepts in order to grow and maintain a strong position in their particular future markets. As we move into the new millennium, these changes will continue to expand throughout the U.S. and the world economy.


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Written by: 2/23/2012 8:57 AM
Recently, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) issued a statement indicating that nonprofit employers who, based on religious beliefs, do not currently provide first dollar contraceptive coverage in their health insurance plan, have until August 1, 2013 to comply with the rule. Some expected that such employers would be completely exempt from the rule because churches and other houses of worship are exempt. Since the statement was released, all sides have weighed in and tensions surrounding the issue are escalating.
In August of 2011, HHS issued an interim final rule, stemming from Health Care Reform, requiring most health insurance plans to cover preventative services for women, including FDA-approved contraceptives like the birth control pill and morning-after pill, without charging a co-pay, co-insurance or a deductible, effective August 1, 2012. In order to be exempt from the rule concerning contraceptives, an organization must serve primarily persons who share its religious tenets. After evaluating comments, HHS' recent statement explained its intent to grant a one year extension (not a complete exemption) for nonprofit employers who, based on religious beliefs (e.g. Catholic hospitals and schools), do not cover contraceptives in the health insurance plan maintained for employees.
The Roman Catholic Church, who opposes the use of contraception, has signaled that it is intent on resisting the new policy. Additionally, Republican presidential candidates have denounced the new rule in recent weeks, claiming an assault on religion.
The administration has cited evidence that birth control has significant health benefits for women and families and is documented to reduce health costs. The administration believes that the rule strikes the appropriate balance between religious freedom and increasing access to preventative services. After all, the rule doesn't require women to use or buy contraceptives, but rather, requires that their insurer cover contraceptives at first dollar if women choose to use or buy them.
At first, the administration stood firmly by its decision citing the right of all women to have the same access to preventative services, but recent comments from White House press secretary indicate that the president might be open to compromise.
HHS Secretary Sebelius's January 20, 2012 statement is available at: http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2012pres/01/20120120a.html


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We are having an early arctic blow. Usually I keep my persimmons on the tree for a couple more weeks but with 18F coming I am thinking I may pull them all this evening. They are all at least partly colored up. Any suggestions? The kiwis I am definitely harvesting tonight, I know they turn to mush if left on. The astringent persimmons I expect could hang through the hard freeze OK so I may leave some of them on to see how they do. Scott |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by cousinfloyd NC 7 (My Page) on Tue, Nov 12, 13 at 15:33
I really don't have any experience from which to try to give you any advice, but if you do leave even just a few experimental persimmons on the tree I hope you'll report back and let us know what you find, both with regards to possible damage to what you leave on the tree and how fruit you pick ahead of the freeze ripens and flavors up. |
One way to ripen the astringent types is to let them freeze. 18F would probably do the job. But I find the eating quality of Eureka after freezing less appealing than ripened in the fridge without any freezing. So I've always picked mine before a hard freeze. My buddy with experience on the American types says they aren't eatable until they freeze. But I don't know if he's tried ripening without freezing. I'm sure there are more experienced members. |
- Posted by scottfsmith 6B-7A-MD (My Page) on Tue, Nov 12, 13 at 17:06
Stupid me, I had the phone weather set to Indianapolis! I was there a few weeks ago and didn't notice my app was set to that location. Its only going to 27F tonight in Baltimore so I should be OK. I did find a past thread here where creekweb thought some varieties were better hard freezing on the vine and others best picked before a hard freeze. Scott |
- Posted by harvestman 6 (My Page) on Tue, Nov 12, 13 at 19:44
That is funny. I was wondering how you were getting temps below our forecast up here. I did pick all the apples I need this weekend. 25 degrees had fried the leaves without damaging the apples a week ago so they probably weren't going to ripen any further anyway. Goldrush, Braeburn and especially Pink Lady could have used another week or two of mild weather. |
From my experience it is safe to leave the fruit on the tree when the night temperature drops to - 4 °C (25 °F). Talking about asian persimmon and hybrids. |
- Posted by forever_a_newbie z7/8 VA (My Page) on Wed, Nov 13, 13 at 12:39
My understanding is that a little bit freezing helps sweeten the persimmons. Ours are still on the tree and they look wonderful. |
I had 23F forecasted for last night though I don't know what the actual low was. I hedged and picked about half the crop. My concern is in avoiding a frost induced development of a mushy consistency to the persimmons, which are then more difficult to prepare for drying. I like to leave them up just for ornamental purposes. So today the leaves are now all gone and the persimmons look and feel about the same. I've noticed in the past that when the persimmons have freeze injury the color at first becomes darker, and I have not seen any of that yet. I left the American persimmons, which this year have remained attached to the trees ripe, alone to see whether, as in the folklore, a bit of frost might improve them some. Not a good year for me for very late apples like Granny S which are still on the trees but without any good leaves to allow for the all important November maturation. Lots of applesauce in the cards I guess. |
Some of the experts on some of the sites said that it's a myth that they need to freeze. They just need more sun/sugar/time on the plant. I have had some "ripen" inside in a cold storage room after picking. I have been eating about one a day for a long time. We tend to go for early ripening am. persimmon varieties here in teh PNW because we don't get the heat units that you do back east. I do put the fruit sox on them so the birds and squirrels dont take out a chunk. John S PDX OR |
- Posted by harvestman 6 (My Page) on Thu, Nov 14, 13 at 14:00
I did get down to 18 or lower last night. Pink ladies lost some texture but are not nearly mush and Goldrush is still hard and crisp. Go figure. Why is there so little research on this issue? |
- Posted by persimmonbob 6b (My Page) on Thu, Nov 14, 13 at 14:25
Most of my persimmons are left on the tree's during this coldspell that caught me of guard.It did dropped to 24*.and 31 second night.I took some pictures this afternoon and picked some fruits to ripened in the fridge. We usely don't get a freeze till late nov or early dec.Sh...happens!!!,there is allways a next year. |
- Posted by persimmonbob 6b (My Page) on Thu, Nov 14, 13 at 14:28
Bob, That Saijo persimmon tree looks very Ornamental with all the fruits. Are you going to dry some? Tony |
- Posted by persimmonbob 6b (My Page) on Fri, Nov 15, 13 at 20:04
Tony, i have never try to dry anything in my life,do not how to do it the right way.Maybe you can give me some advice. I have a few tree's that have fruits hanging right now. Rosianka's are probably the best fruits for drying they are kind of pulpy.I usely walk right pass this tree. |
Hi Bob, I usually take the persimmon fruits that were fully colored (yellow to dark yellow) while still firm. I then de- skinned them and sliced each one to 3 even pieces and placed them in a food dehydrator to dry for a day or so. I then stored them in a tight Jar or zip lock bag and enjoyed them all year. Tony |
- Posted by persimmonbob 6b (My Page) on Sat, Nov 16, 13 at 11:54
What do you use to peel them,a potato peeler? |
Bob, Yes, my wife also helps me out a bit. Tony |
- Posted by milehighgirl CO USDA 5B/Sunset 2B (My Page) on Sat, Nov 16, 13 at 13:29
Tony, You made me laugh. I think Bob meant what instrument do you peel the persimmons with? :) |
MG, Funny!, Yes, a potato peeler. I just dried 2 trays of Nikita's Gift Hybrid Persimmon. They were candy sweet. Tony |
I am new to the growing persimmon, so I am curious if any of you try to use soy sauce to remove astringent. I have read many information about what method Asian do to remove astringent. One simple way is to drip few drops of soy sauce on the center of the stem and let the persimmon sit for 3~4 days. I have no personal experience how it works, so I am hoping some of you would try it and let us know if it is a valid method. Thanks!! |
As a follow up to this question, I assessed the quality of a portion of my persimmon crop exposed to freezing temps of as low as 16F and several cycles down into the low 20's a week after exposure, while the fruit was still hanging on the trees. I found that the PCA Kakis across the board were actually improved by the freeze "treatments" with change to vivid orange translucent color without any dark discoloration, gelatinous consistency, complete loss of astringency, no development of off-flavors and fair to good flavor. What factors played a part here I am not sure, but the fruit did not turn into 'mush in a bag' as has frequently been the case in previous years after freeze injury, and the consistency was left firm enough to allow for slicing for drying. The American persimmons and Rosseyanka were also improved by the freeze, but some residual astringency still remained. My late apples of course were toast. |
As a addendum to my previous post I will offer an explanation for the observation that the effects of freezing this year on the kakis improved them without the usual degradation of texture. The difference I believe is that the temperatures stayed low for an extended period of time this year rather than the usual alternating warm and cold weather. Once a deep freeze sets in, the persimmon cells are largely destroyed and the fruit will spoil in subsequent warm weather. The mush in a bag - an accurate description of the persimmon consistency in years with alternating cold and warm weather is the early stage of a decomposing persimmon. |
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Casual games generally aren't designed with hardcore gamers in mind, but that's never stopped them from being enjoyed by dedicated joystick jockeys. When the Game Boy debuted, Tetris was its original killer app. More recently, casual classics such as Bejeweled and Zuma have found new audiences on the Xbox Live Marketplace.
Now, Eidos is bringing one of the biggest casual-game hits of recent years to the handheld platforms. The publisher today announced that it has reached an agreement with PlayFirst to port the PC game, and that PlayStation Portable, Nintendo DS, and Game Boy Advance versions of the game would be released in 2007.
In Diner Dash, players take control of Flo, a restaurant entrepreneur who must balance an array of tasks crucial to the success of her business, such as seating customers, taking orders, delivering food, and busing tables. For more on Diner Dash, check out GameSpot's review of the mobile-phone version of the game.


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Situated in a quiet inner city street bound on both sides by Sydney Harbour, Louisa Road apartments consist of 6 luxury dwellings. Replacing a 1960's apartment building of 32 dwellings, the new structure aims to relate to the eclectic and energetic streetscape without mimicking the historic structures. A patterned veil covers the building in a geometric pattern aimed to reference the Victorian lace work of the adjoining heritage terraces but with a distinct Australian flavour. Proportionally the building reflects the scale and pattern of the peninsula's historical subdivision pattern ensuring the pedestrian experience is human and intimate. This is a building which aims to contribute proactively to the streetscape in a city plagued by mediocre, regressive and bland architectural outcomes.
St Andrews Beach House
Rail Architects
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NY, Williamsville - Single Adult Ministry
A ministry of:
Eastern Hills Wesleyan Church
8445 Greiner Rd.
Williamsville, NY 14221
Ph. 716-688-7165
Fax 716-688-7174
"Engaging every person to become a passionate follower of Jesus Christ"
Website: www.easternhillschurch.org
I-90 to Exit 49, Rt. 78
North on Rt. 78, which is Transit Rd. for 2.9 miles
Right onto Greiner Rd, which is County Rt. 37 for a few blocks
Right into the church parking lot.


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- Catalog Home
- Academic Programs
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J. Leeds BarrollJoan Korenman
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Jean FernandezPiotr Gwiazda
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Director, Writing & Rhetoric
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Linda Benson- Visit Program Website
- Browse Course Descriptions
- Browse Course Catalog DatabaseFor individual course detail including course schedules
- Browse Schedule of Classes
- Explore Career Path
Courses in this program are listed under ENGL and SPCH .
The program for English majors is designed to provide students with advanced skills in written and oral communication and in the interpretation of texts, as well as with a deepened critical appreciation of literature and other forms of writing. Students in the literature track cultivate the skills of close reading, effective writing and critical analysis. They study British, American, and anglophone world literatures in their historical contexts and choose from a wide assortment of seminars and elective courses on topics of special interest. Students in the communication and technology track examine theories of communication and technology, hone expository writing skills, and develop a critical awareness of print and electronic texts. Both tracks prepare students for an exceptionally wide range of careers as well as for the demands of graduate study.
Career and Academic Paths
Many careers are open to English majors. In the Greater Baltimore region alone, UMBC English graduates have succeeded as government administrators, business executives, editors and publishers, technical writers and journalists. Many English graduates teach at the primary, secondary and university levels. In addition, English graduates go into law, medicine, government, social work, public relations, advertising, law enforcement, foreign service and new media design.
Academic Advising
Students who wish to major in English should declare the major by submitting the Declaration of Major form to the Office of the Registrar or English Department Office. Shortly afterward, students will receive a letter from the department assigning them a faculty advisor. Each semester, after the schedule of classes is published and before the advance registration period, students should make an appointment with their advisor to discuss their program for the upcoming semester and any other academic matters that may have arisen. Students should come to the advising appointment with a preliminary schedule already outlined. Students must have an advisor's approval to register. Transfer students who are registering for the first time and have not been assigned to an advisor should visit the department office for further information. Please note that interaction with the advisor is an important part of each student's academic program and that the advisor has the final responsibility for certifying that students have completed the requirements of the major program.
Graduate School Advising
The English major provides excellent preparation for graduate study in literature and related fields, such as journalism, creative writing and publication design. UMBC English majors frequently have gained admission to some of the most rigorous graduate programs in the nation. The English Department encourages its students to consider graduate study. Early in their major programs, interested students should consult with the departmental graduate school placement advisor or with other members of the faculty who can provide information about the variety of graduate programs available and specific admission requirements.
English Major Requirements
The Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) in English consists of a minimum of 39 credits as distributed below. The major offers two tracks: (1) literature and (2) communication and technology. These tracks share a common core of two courses and the same elective and diversity requirements. Students completing a certificate in English Secondary Education should follow the Literature Track. Creative Writing and Journalism students may choose either track.
Additional requirements are listed under the separate tracks.
All courses for the major must be passed with a grade of C or better.
Common Core Courses (6 credits)
ENGL 300 Communication and Technology: Analysis of Texts and Contexts
ENGL 301 Analysis of Literary Language.
NOTE: Students should take these two courses as soon as they declare their major as English. They are considered Gateway courses.
ENGL 300 should be taken before ENGL 324 and ENGL 301 before ENGL 302.
Common Elective Requirements (12 credits)
These electives must be English courses at the 300- or 400-level, although students may, with their advisor's permission, include one 200-level course as part of this requirement.
Students in either track may use Creative Writing courses to satisfy elective requirements.
NOTE: At least one of the required or elective courses must fulfill the diversity requirement. ENGL 364: Perspectives on Women in Literature and ENGL 369: Race and Ethnicity in U.S. Literature fulfill the diversity requirement. Other courses may fulfill the requirement if they are so marked on the schedule of classes.
English majors in the Literature Track develop skills of close reading, critical thinking, and analysis of literary texts. Students also develop an extensive historical knowledge of British, American, and world anglophone literatures in their cultural and social contexts. Students will be prepared for graduate study in English as well as careers in such fields as education, business, law, journalism, publishing, and public relations.
Required Courses
It is recommended that students complete ENGL 301 in their first semester as a major and prior to taking ENGL 302.
ENGL 302 Literary Methodologies and Research
One 300- or 400-level course from four of the five historical periods. These courses need not be taken in chronological order, and they may be taken concurrently with any other major courses:
A) Medieval and Early Modern
B) Restoration to Romantic
C) Victorian and Modern
D) American Literature to the Civil War
E) American Literature from the Civil War to Present
Two 400-level Literature courses, one of which must be a seminar (open to juniors as well as seniors).
English majors in the Communication and Technology track examine theories of communication, media, and technology, hone composition skills, and develop a critical awareness of print and electronic texts. With these analytical skills, students within the Communication and Technology track prepare for careers in communication, law, journalism, publishing, business, and public relations.
Required Courses
It is recommended that students complete ENGL 300 in their first semester as a major and prior to taking ENGL 324.
ENGL 324 Theories of Communication and Technology
One course from each of the following categories:
A) Professional/Technical Communication
B) Rhetoric/Composition
C) Media Literacies
D) Journalism and Creative Nonfiction
Two 400-level Communication and Technology courses, one of which must be a seminar (open to juniors as well as seniors).
Minor Programs
Students completing one minor may not apply the same elective courses to satisfy requirements for another minor. However, required courses in one minor may be listed as electives in another minor program. This provision allows students to complete more than one minor program without having to take 36 total hours of classes. Students should consult with their English department advisors to identify the minor program(s) best suited to their interests and needs. With the advisor's permission, up to six credits from the any English minor may be counted as part of the English major.
The English department offers a minor in communication and technology for students who wish to explore the theory and practice of communication and new media studies. All courses must be completed with a grade of C or better. No course at the 100 level may be counted for minor credit.
Core courses (9 credits):
Students may elect any three of these four core courses:
- ENGL 300 Communication and Technology: Analysis of Texts and Contexts
- ENGL 330 Researching Communicative Practices
- ENGL 385 New Media and Digital Literacies
- ENGL 387 Web Design and Multimedia Authoring
Elective Courses (9 credits):
Students must select at least one course from List A and at least one course from List B. The third elective may be chosen from either list. In addition, the core course that the student did not select may be taken as an elective.
List A :
- ENGL 320 Topics in Communication and Technology
- ENGL 324 Theories of Communication and Technology
- ENGL 342 Principles and Practices of Visual Literacy
- ENGL 343 Introduction to Genre Analysis
- ENGL 353 Rhetorical Theory
- ENGL 355 Communicative Practices and Play Theory
- ENGL 383 Science Writing
- ENGL 386 Adult Literacy Tutoring: Issues and Methods
- ENGL 407 Language in Society
- ENGL 442 Seminar in Visual Literacy
- ENGL 447 Online Voice and Community
- ENGL 449 Seminar in Genre Analysis
- ENGL 483 Seminar in Writing in the Sciences
- ENGL 486 Seminar in Teaching Composition: Theory and Practice
- ENGL 493 Seminar in Communication and Technology
List B:
- SPCH 210 Interpersonal Communication
- ENGL 291 Introduction to Writing Creative Essays
- ENGL 303 Art of the Essay
- ENGL 379 Principles and Practices in Technical Communication
- ENGL 380 Introduction to News Writing
- ENGL 382 Feature Writing
- ENGL 391 Advanced Exposition and Argumentation
- ENGL 392 Tutorial in Writing
- ENGL 394 Technical Editing
- ENGL 403 Advanced Art of the Essay
The English Department offers a minor program in literature, requiring 18 credit hours for completion. The literature minor is intended for students who wish to augment their knowledge of English and American literature while also refining their skills in close reading and critical interpretation of literary texts. The literature minor requirements are listed below. All courses must be completed with a grade of C or better. No course at the 100 level may be counted for minor credit.
Required Core Courses: Six credits of ENGL 250: Introduction to Shakespeare and ENGL 301: Analysis of Literary Language.
Elective Requirement: Twelve additional credits of English courses must be taken, with six of those credits at the 300 or 400 level. At least three of these elective courses must be in literature. With the approval of the minor advisor, one literature course from a department other than English may be counted for minor credit.
MINOR PROGRAM IN WRITING (WRTG) (18 credits - basic minor, 24 credits - extended minor)
The minor in writing at UMBC is open to, and appropriate for, students majoring in any field. The credential earned by completing the minor will document the student's pursuit of writing skills for admissions committees and prospective employers. Both the basic minor and the extended minor share a common four-course core:
- ENGL 100 Composition
- ENGL 291 Introduction to Writing Creative Essays
- ENGL 391 Advanced Exposition and Argumentation
- ENGL 392 Tutorial in Writing
To complete the basic minor, students must elect any two courses (6 credits) from the writing courses listed below. To complete the extended writing minor, students must elect four courses (12 credits) from within one area below or from approved electives, including ENGL 400: Special Projects. All courses must be completed with a grade of C or better.
Note: No more than two writing minor courses may be taken per semester. Ideally, these courses should be taken in order and at the rate of one per semester. A C average is necessary in all courses applied to the writing minor. Students may begin the minor at any time. With the advisor's permission, up to six credits from the writing minor may be counted as part of the English major.
A. Journalism
- ENGL 380 Introduction to News Writing
- ENGL 382 Feature Writing
- ENGL 383 Science Writing
- ENGL 398 Journalism Internship
- ENGL 480 Seminar in Advanced Journalism
- ENGL 495* Internship (Journalism)
B. Rhetoric and Communication
- ENGL 226 English Grammar and Usage
- ENGL 324 Theories of Communication and Technology
- ENGL 326 The Structure of English
- ENGL 386 Adult Literacy Tutoring: Issues and Methods
- ENGL 395 Writing Internship (Tutoring)
- ENGL 407 Language in Society
- ENGL 485 The Teaching of Writing
- ENGL 488 Seminar in Computer-assisted Writing Instruction
- ENGL 490 Advanced Topics in the English Language
- ENGL 491 Seminar in Topics in the English Language
- ENGL 493 Seminar in Communication and Technology
- ENGL 495* Internship (Rhetoric and Communication Theory)
C. Creative Writing
Courses in creative writing must be taken in the proper sequence unless
permission of the instructor is given.
- ENGL 271 Introduction to Creative Writing - Fiction
- ENGL 272 Introduction to Creative Writing - Script Writing
- ENGL 273 Introduction to Creative Writing - Poetry
- ENGL 371 Creative Writing - Fiction
- THTR 371 Writing for the Theatre
- ENGL 373 Creative Writing - Poetry
- ENGL 375 Masterworks for Creative Writers
- ENGL 397 Tutorial in Creative Writing
- ENGL 403 Advanced Creative Writing - Non-Fiction
- ENGL 471 Advanced Creative Writing - Fiction
- ENGL 473 Advanced Creative Writing - Poetry
- ENGL 475 Special Studies in Creative Writing
- ENGL 495* Internship (Creative Writing)
D. Professional Writing
- ENGL 226 English Grammar and Usage
- ENGL 326 The Structure of English
- ENGL 379 Principles and Practices in Technical Communication
- ENGL 387 Web Content Development
- ENGL 393 Technical Communication
- ENGL 393H Technical Communication with Honors
- ENGL 394 Technical Editing
- ENGL 400 Special Projects in English
- ENGL 407 Language in Society
- ENGL 490 Advanced Topics in the English Language
- ENGL 495* Internship (Professional Writing)
* ENGL 495 can only be taken once for the basic minor and twice for the extended minor.
English Secondary Education Program
The English Department offers a program for English majors who wish to become certified to teach English at the secondary level. This program has been approved by the Maryland State Department of Education. In completing the specific requirements of this program, students also must complete the normal requirements of the English major literature track described above. In addition, students must be admitted to and complete UMBC's Secondary Teacher Education Program. Upon successful completion of course work and student teaching, students are recommended for teacher certification in the State of Maryland. The English Secondary Education Program consists of 39 credits distributed as follows:
English Common Core Courses (6 credits)
ENGL 300 Communication and Technology: Analysis of Texts and Contexts
ENGL 301 Analysis of Literary Language
Literature Track Requirements (15 credits)
ENGL 302 Literary Methodologies and Research (Recommended Preparation: ENGL 301)
One 300- or 400-level course from two of the three historical periods of British Literature (A, B, C)
One 300- or 400-level course from each of the two historical periods of American Literature. These courses need not be taken in chronological order, and they may be taken concurrently with any other major courses:
A. Medieval and Early Modern
B. Restoration to Romantic
C. Victorian and Modern
D. American Literature to the Civil War
E. American Literature from the Civil War to the Present
Electives (12 credits)
These electives must be English courses at the 300 or 400 level, although students may, with their advisor's permission, include one 200-level course as part of this requirement.
One Minority or Women's Literature Course (3 credits)
ENGL 364: Perspectives on Women in Literature or ENGL 369: Race and Ethnicity in U.S. Literature or other courses in the schedule of classes, as appropriate. (Note: may also be counted toward the diversity requirement of the English major)
One World Literature or Non-Western Literature Course (3 credits)
ENGL 231: Introduction to World Literature I; ENGL 232: Introduction to World Literature II; ENGL 233 Issues in World Literature; ENGL 315 Studies in World Literature; ENGL 366 World Literature Written in English; or other courses in the schedule of classes, as appropriate.
Adolescent Literature (3 credits)
ENGL/EDUC 414 Adolescent Literature
Shakespeare (3 credits)
ENGL 250 Introduction to Shakespeare or ENGL 351 Studies in Shakespeare; or other courses in the schedule of classes, as appropriate.
Required 400-level Courses (6 credits)
ENGL 490 Advanced Topics in the English Language
ENGL 486/686 Seminar in Teaching Composition: Theory and Practice
(Note: ENGL 486 may also be counted toward the seminar requirement of the English major)
For a description of the 39 required credits in teacher education courses, see the Secondary Education Program of the UMBC Department of Education. Students intending to seek elementary or secondary certification should consult with the Education Department as early as possible in their careers for a complete description of the requirements of the certification program and the procedures for admittance into the program.
Special Topics
If students have special interest in a particular literary subject, they may be able to explore it through ENGL 400: Special Topics in English. Students will plan their own course of study and determine the number of credit hours (up to four) in consultation with a faculty member who will direct the project and award the grade. Students should discuss their project with the faculty member with whom they would like to work. Students should secure permission from the ENGL 400 course director to register for the agreed-upon number of credits. This course may be repeated for credit, but it may not count as a seminar.
English as a Second Language (ESL)
The English department offers special courses and designated sections (followed by E) of standard courses for students whose native language is not English.
- ENGL 107E Grammar Lab I for ESL Students
- ENGL 108E Grammar Lab II for ESL Students
- ENGL 109E Grammar Lab III for ESL Students
- ENGL 110E Composition for ESL Students
- ENGL 209E American Literature for ESL Students
- ENGL 281E Intermediate Exposition for ESL Students
- ENGL 391E Advanced Exposition for ESL Students
- ENGL 393E Technical Communication for ESL Students
Honors Program
Participation in the English honors program enables students to complete a large-scale critical, research or creative-writing project. Honors students are chosen on the basis of their grades and their writing ability and should have at least a 3.5 GPA in the major and a 3.0 GPA in non-major courses or a strong faculty recommendation. Candidates for the honors program normally apply to the program director in the late fall of their junior year. With faculty consultation, students will choose their own research projects. Graduates of the program will be honored at commencement, and their honors status will be noted on their transcripts. Further details of the program are available in the English Department office.
Special Opportunities
The English Department has a program of internships (ENGL 398 and 495) in which students may earn one to eight credits while gaining practical experience in communication and research skills in a real-life work situation. Students work six to eight hours per week for a newspaper, television or radio station, government agency or business. These opportunities are arranged by the English department in cooperation with the sponsoring agency.
Student Organizations
English Council of Majors is a student-run organization that hosts many literary and social events throughout the year, including poetry readings at local coffeehouses, writing workshops by prominent American poets, graduate school information meetings and faculty-student colloquia. English majors with an outstanding record of academic achievement are invited to join the UMBC chapter of Sigma Tau Delta, the national English honors society. Members of Sigma Tau Delta are eligible for national scholarships, writing awards and publishing internships; the UMBC chapter works closely with the English Council of Majors in organizing literary activities. English majors gain publishing experience by working on Bartleby, UMBC's literary magazine; The UMBC Review, a journal of student research; and The Retriever, UMBC's school newspaper, which won first place with special merit in the 1995 Scholastic Press Association Annual College Newspaper Awards.


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anyone should have the right to be with who they want to be with
i'm a total cradle robber, so i don't get to judge.
to see a world in a grain of sand
and a heaven in a wild flower
hold infinity in the palm of your hand
and eternity in an hour
~William Blake
Too vague to answer the poll...
I think there is a huge difference between an "age difference" and "intergenerational dating." If you're in the same school (and the older one isn't the teacher, I should add), then that's fine.
When it comes to the intergenerational stuff, I know people who seek it out and have had great experiences. But I do think that's the minority.
Usually when it comes to decade(s)-plus age differences involving much younger partners, the common charge is the maturity of the younger person, and how it all balances out. But I think there is also the immaturity of the older party in play here, and that the younger isn't meeting the older where they are, but rather they are meeting in the middle. The problem that often happens is that the younger one will continue to mature, and eventually be with an immature partner.
I am a bit concerned with someone named "aboyseeker" asking these things on Oasis, though. If you're young and looking for support, this is a great site. If you're older and looking for a younger partner, this isn't your site.
"People who are happy are slugs... They do not move the human race forward."
-- Camille Paglia, on Oasis
...If you're older (that's me) and looking for a younger partner (that's definitely not me), this isn't your site.
that is slightly concerning....
if you riase the banner of scotland, you raise the banner of freedom!
~willam wallace
age doesn't matter unless you're wine or cheese.
But seriously, I think if both parties are old enough to know what's going on, then it's really up to them.
There's "What I'm OK with in the outside world" and "What I'm OK with on Oasis."
If older guys date 18 y/os in the outside world, that's fine.
If older guys come on Oasis to find 18 y/os, that's not fine.
That said, we discourage every user to not use this as a hook-up site. The difference, to me, is that the young Oasis members can actually get more out of the site without the sexual element, whereas if you're older and into younger guys, it might seem more like putting in your time until you score.
Of course, I also think hanging out here is an amazing hebephilic cure. You may still think the bodies are slamming, but once you learn what's going on in the heads... you'll want to go after older guys. :-)
"People who are happy are slugs... They do not move the human race forward."
-- Camille Paglia, on Oasis


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I wanted so badly to love this, but alas the lightest shade is actually (and surprisingly) too light for my NC15 skin. The smell is kind of funny, and it's quite thick but goes on sort of thin. It does not have good lasting power and I find it broke me out in the areas I used it, and my skin isn't even that bad! I really want to like Estee Lauder but I've just had no luck with their products so far. I still use my Mac Studio Fix concealer in NC15 even though I don't like how dry that product is, but it has the best coverage and colour match so far, though I am still looking for something better!!
I will periodically try to use this, just to use it up, but I am disappointed with this product and will not buy it again. The Bourgeois Healthy Mix concealer in shade 51 is supposed to be better than this EL product...Let's see if that's true, it's a drug store brand and I am not one to choose drug store products over high end products!!
UPDATE MONTHS LATER: This formula manages to break out my skin so badly wherever it touches...I've never had this happen before. I have stopped using this.
2 out of 2 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
More reviews by NativeNewyorker
I decided to switch from the Lancôme Maquicomplete Concealer that I have been using. I had issues with the product drying out and also the shade I was using didn't seem to be covering my dark circles well enough.
I checked out Estee Lauder's Double Wear Concealer last summer, but the SA's at the store didn't really seem to know the colors or what would work for me. This time I went to Nordstrom, but reviewed the colors online again. I was pretty sure that it would be either Light or Warm Light for my NW20/25 skin. I knew that Light/Medium would be too dark. I didn't wear any concealer, just eye cream and tried the two colors under each eye. The Light shade is a neutral with just a hint of yellow, but the Warm Light is more yellow based. They both looked good on my skin, but after discussing it with the counter manager I decided to go with the Light shade.
What I really like about this product is how easily the wand comes out of the tube with enough product after just one time. With the Lancôme Maquicomplet Concealer I had to wiggle the wand and try a few times to reapply to get enough product. I think the design of the Estee Lauder Double Wear is much more user friendly. I use the wand to apply the color and then use my Sephora Pro Airbrush Concealer to blend. I get a perfectly seamless, smooth look and this product does a great job of covering up the purply reddish discoloration and puffiness as well as dark circles. This shade is a great match for my skin and the staying power is excellent. I don't have to worry about reapplying.
I use less product because the wand is so efficient and provides just the right amount. I have been kind of going back and forth with a few concealers recently, but for now this is the one I will be using.
4 out of 4 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
I bought this concealer as a companion to my foundation (Double Wear Light) because I have some nasty breakouts, scarring and general ugliness of the skin that needs tamed! I figured I would go for the lighter foundation + concealing route versus a heavier foundation.
Concealer isn't a 'fun' buy for me (unlike lipstick!)- I just want it to do the job and do it well. This product delivers for me- I have it in shade Light (and I use DWL in Intensity 1.0- they are a good match for each other). I apply by taking a little off the wand and dabbing in and blending until seamless (I only use this concealer for covering spots/scars *not for under eye circles) I find this concealer behaves similarly to the foundation- it looks a bit funny until it has dried and set but once it has, it's great. A little goes a long way and I have a hard time envisaging using the entire tube before it would need replaced.
One of the big reasons that influenced my decision to buy the DW concealer was how impressed I was with the lasting power of the foundation. Again, this product fulfils its' promise. It lasts and doesn't slide off or cake or turn orange on me. Which is all I want. Coverage is good, it is pigmented without being silly so. I am really happy with it and would definitely recommend it- especially if you are already using Double Wear Light foundation but need a little more directed coverage.
Reference: For concealing spots and scars I have used (and don't feel happy with-
Bobbi Brown Creamy Concealer Kit (slides away after four hours). Vichy Dermablend Foundation (too orange, cakey + drying)
Vichy Dermablend Stick in Porcelain (too pale, cakey and + drying).
6 out of 6 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
Picked this up at Sephora in the hopes that it would be my ultimate concealer. Due to a combination of lack of sleep and really fair skintone, my dark circles show through like nothing else and finding a concealer that A) is light enough B) is pigmented enough and C) stays in place and doesn't crease has been all but impossible. I tested this out on my hand and the back of my wrist in the store and the lightest shade seemed to work well, yet when I got home and tried it underneath my eyes, it proved to be too dark. The coverage was good, but the darkness of it made me look tired anyway, which totally defeats the purpose of an undereye concealer. As for the wear, it does stay in place pretty well although on the few times I used it, I set it with a translucent powder over top. If you're going to layer it, I highly suggest letting the first layer dry completely before popping another one on, otherwise you'll end up taking the first layer off. For the price, I don't know if it's worth it, though. In my opinion the drugstore has much better concealers to offer than this one. Overall, it's decent, but certainly not something that would be on the first of my list of recommendations.
2 out of 2 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
Wow that's all I have to say about this truly amazing concealer it's really top class and worth every penny its expensive at $27 but this will easily last a long time so its worth it considering the amount you get previous to this I was using lancome teint miracle concealer although a great color match and overall decent concealer was beginning to realize it sadly wasint providing enough coverage the purpley black hues were still creeping through I found out the hard way when I didint sleep so well it was so bad I had to cancel a date with my boyfriend all because of my stupid racoon eyes nothing absolutely nothing was helping:(alas until this came into my life people with severe dark circles need to rush out and get this!!! the result is fabulous in our country though the lightest shade is light I'm nc15 in mac. I'm fairly pale so this did run a tad dark on me but I use this first and then my lancome teint miracle concealer and the result is amazing it looks very natural and not obvious which is a major plus finnaly found my HG concealer:)( UPDATE) Despite my previous glowing review I have come to the conclusion that is not working for me:( I have chronically hereditary dark circles and although the coverage is somewhat good I find out its still not covering my bluish purple dark circles completely also 01 light is not a good enough match for me as I'm extremely pale and when this sets it morphes into a slight orange color also I find it drying and settles into fine lines oh well my hg concealer search continues I guess....
It's pricey but it's a good complement to my Double wear foundation. When I have blemishes or acne it covers them well and has a nice quite thick texture.
Stays in place but makes covered area look like dry patches. Would work blended and brushed and tweaked with moisturizer, but too much work.
After trying almost every concealer at MAC and Sephora, I may have found my HG! Primarily, I use concealer to cover my dark, dark undereye circles. In my opinion, one layer of this concealer offers solid medium to full coverage and hides my dark circles better than any other concealer that I have tried. I love this concealer because it stays in place all day. It never creases and is one of the only concealers that I've found that doesn't need to be set with powder! It sits beautifully on the skin, looks very natural (i.e., I can wear this under the eyes without foundation on the rest of my face). The color range is excellent and offers both pink-based and yellow-based shades for a range of skin tones. I am an NC25-30 and use this product in 'Warm Light-Medium" and it's a perfect match.
At the suggestion of make up artists I had been trying to cover my circles with heavier full coverage concealers (e.g., MUFE full cover, MAC studio finish, MAC pro longwear, Cover fx cream concealer, etc). These product looked too heavy and dry.... like I obviously had on makeup. I hesitated to try the Double Wear Stay-in-Place concealer because of reviews that said it was drying or cakey. I apply moisturizer under my eye and then apply three or four dots of this product. I blend by patting with my finger and then let it dry. That's it! At first I tried to layer this over my foundation and I did find that it caked a bit and was hard to blend. Applying it without foundation covers well and looks so natural. For more coverage, you can add a few more dots and blend.
This product really is everything that I was looking for in a concealer and I just wish I had tried it sooner! Although, after trying so many other products, I truly understand what a gem this one is!
***EDIT*** My previous review was glowing, but after using this product for over a month, I have come to see its shortcomings. I saw photographs of myself and realized that the coverage was not as good as I previously thought. It was definitely not covering the purple tone of my dark circles. When I tried to layer more concealer to increase the coverage I came to understand the caking and heaviness described in other reviews. My concealer search continues.....
11 out of 12 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
My fail-safe base products are Double Wear foundation, Ben Nye Neutral Set Powder and thanks to a recent impulse purchase, this amazing concealer! Prior to buying this I was using the Maximum Coverage foundation on my dark circles and other areas. However, whilst it does do a great job of covering up everything, it settles into fine lines like nothing else, so I decided to give the Double Wear foundation a try as I utterly adore most of the Double Wear line of products - I find them to be reliable and long-wearing.
I'm NC25 in MAC and the shade #2 'Light Medium' is such a good match for me. The formula is surprisingly light and spreadable, not thick or heavy-duty which is a welcome change! The doe-foot applicator allows me to spread it under my eyes and other places without the need of a brush. Now, coverage wise, I'd say it's high-medium to full coverage, layering it won't make it cakey but one layer is fine for me. After applying it, I take my BeautyBlender to blend it into my skin, and I'm so pleased it doesn't settle into my fine lines. It has a semi-matte finish and once applied and blended in, it's not going anywhere. This stuff is seriously budge and transfer resistant.
More reviews by PolskaBlondynka
I gave in to buying this concealer because of the great reviews I've read. This concealer feels very light on skin. Like you're not wearing any makeup. It doesn't dry out and leave cracks on the skin and it doesn't accentuate fine lines. I would recommend using moisturizer under it though. Does it cover dark circles? Yes, absolutely (I have very dark circles) I love it for how it feels on my skin. Once you apply it, you have to quickly spread it around because once it sets in, it's VERY matte. If extra coverage is needed, simply apply more. This is my favourite concealer EVER. I am glad I purchased. It is a bit on the expensive side but it is definitely worth your money, trust me.
1 out of 1 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No


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Published on Thursday, January 29, 2009
Research company Gartner has a list of eight mobile technologies that it says will have an impact on mobile strategies and policies over the next couple of years:
Bluetooth 3.0, User Interfaces, Location Sensing, 802.11n WiFi, Display Technologies, Mobile Web and Widgets, Mobile Broadband and Near Field Communication.
[Press release]
Author: The Fonecast
Categories: News
Thursday, December 18, 2014
Mark Bridge writes:
If you listen to this week's edition of The Fonecast - in which we predict what'll be happening in the mobile telecoms industry during 2015 - you'll hear James Rosewell say that BlackBerry's handset business is doomed. Well, actually that's not quite true.
Wednesday, December 17, 2014
Jon Carter of Deutsche Telekom has provided us with his 'Connected Home' predictions for 2015:
Connected home products and services rely on different communication standards, be it ZigBee, HomeMatic or Z-Wave. Only platforms which both handle established standards and are able to learn new protocols will hold their ground in the market in 2015. Customers don't want to be limited in their product choices or care about compatibility issues. Integrating any device into a connected home setup needs to be smooth and simple.
Monday, December 08, 2014
Mark Windle of OpenCloud writes:
In 2014, operators focussed on rolling out LTE, but some have lost sight of the bigger picture. 2015 will see traditional telecoms services delivered over multiple access technologies, of which LTE is just a part. As next year fast approaches, our predictions take a step back and look at how the industry will adapt to the changing landscape.
The Fonecast predicts 2015: Iain Graham, James Rosewell and Mark Bridge gather round a sapphire crystal ball and make their forecasts for the next 12 months in the mobile industry.
Whose product line won't survive until December 2015? What will happen with the BT/EE merger? Which new features will be introduced by smartphone manufacturers?
Wednesday, December 10, 2014
It's time for another news-packed mobile industry podcast from TheFonecast.com, starting with the European Parliament's latest ruling on in-car emergency communication.
After that we're talking about Microsoft's departure from the Nook eBook business, Three UK's 4G growth, Acer's tablet-sized phone, EE's rural coverage solution and some interesting new research about mobile-enabled customer service.
Wednesday, December 03, 2014
We begin this week's podcast with updates on two topics we discussed last week: the potential purchase of a UK mobile network by BT - and the crowd-funded Jolla Tablet.
After that we talk about the GSMA's reaction to national roaming, the potential death of the landline, a new threat to Google, management changes and advertising for 4G data.
Wednesday, November 26, 2014
In this week's podcast we're talking about the potential purchase of the O2 UK mobile network by BT.
We also discuss new tablets from Nokia and Jolla, the end of a patent battle, mobile payments via instant messaging, app development for the Apple Watch and plans to make even more spectrum available for mobile broadband in the UK .
Wednesday, November 19, 2014
Time for another podcast presented by Iain Graham, James Rosewell and Mark Bridge. They begin this week's programme by talking about the latest enterprise-friendly developments from BlackBerry.
Next comes a new survey from Ofcom about the UK's 4G data speeds, followed by news about TalkTalk's MVNO deal with Telefonica, the growth of WiFi in the home and a report from AVG about social media sapping smartphone performance.


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Saturday, October 13, 2012
The Salish Spa offers an Herb and Honey Scrub Bar where guests select fresh herbs- such as chamomile, sage and basil- for a custom exfoliation. The items are blended with Salish honey, essential oils, salts or sugars. A small glass jar, filled with the custom scrub, is given to guests after the treatment.
© The Seattle Times Company


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Most fun way to learn new vocabulary in french is here.
With three different game modes and forty different levels, you will ENJOY learning new words.
Three game modes are:
– Three lives
– Vs the clock
– Sudden death
You will learn hundreds of words in a few day, even if you are a beginner or advanced french learner.


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Book Review: Digital Evidence and Computer Crime
Re:Ethics (49 comments)
it's not ok to yell fire in a packed movie theater room
The concept here is that yelling fire in a packed movie theater creates a "clear and present danger". It is clear that yelling it will cause people to run for their lives, and it is present in that people will react before cooler heads can put things into perspective. With a book, the reader has plenty of time to consider the consequences of their actions. So no, I don't think it spills over into books.
Also note the "clear and present danger" test was replaced in 1969 with "imminent lawless action" which is more strict.


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Flyers C Read out 6 weeks with torn rib muscles Flyers center Matt Read will miss six weeks because of torn rib cage muscles. Philadelphia general manager Paul Holmgren made the announcement Thursday night before the Flyers faced Florida. Read was injured on a hit by Chris Kunitz in the first period of Philadelphia's 6-5 win at Pittsburgh on Wednesday night. Read leads the Flyers with seven goals, and his 13 points are third behind captain Claude Giroux and Brayden Schenn. He is the third Flyers player on the top line to get hurt this season, joining Scott Hartnell and Danny Briere. Hartnell could return within 10 days, and Briere is already back in the lineup. |
Copyright © Jan 26, 2015, WDEL/Delmarva Broadcasting Company. All Rights Reserved. Advanced permission from Delmarva Broadcasting Company required for publication or rebroadcast. |


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Tenerife Holidays - Spain
A luxury holiday in Tenerife, the largest of the Canary Islands, promises to offer something for everyone. The spectacular volcanic landscape is contrasted by vibrant resorts, and a host of attractions from mountain walks to exciting watersports ensures this diverse island is a perfect choice for both families and couples. The south of the island is where the largest resorts are located, as well as spectacular beaches, while the north offers a lush landscape and a more traditional feel. With 350 kilometres of coastline and a warm climate year round, it's no surprise that Tenerife has become a highly popular destination, and a stay in a luxury Tenerife hotel will ensure you return home feeling relaxed and rejuvenated. Our selection of carefully hand-picked hotels will enable you to create your perfect luxury holiday in Tenerife.
Sovereign have a range of offers available on our holidays to Tenerife, some of which are exclusive to Sovereign.
Points of Interest in Tenerife
Towering over Tenerife, Mount Teide is surrounded by a wild volcanic landscape and is the highest peak in all of Spain, rising to 3,718 metres. The Teide National Park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2007 and a cable car can take you to the highest point of the dormant volcano, where breathtaking views over Tenerife's beautiful landscape and across the sea to La Gomera and GranCanaria can be enjoyed. Tenerife's capital city, Santa Cruz is well worth a visit. Here you can find handsome historic buildings, exclusive shopping areas and Playa de lasTeresitas, an unspoilt beach with beautiful palm trees dotted along the white sands. Every year in February or March, Santa Cruz hosts the spectacular Santa Cruz Carnival, one of the largest in the world. Tenerife offers a diverse range of other attractions including fantastic golf courses, exciting waterparks and scuba diving.
Hotels in Tenerife
From the luscious gardens and crystal pools of Gran Hotel Bahia del Duque to the wonderful views of the elevated Iberostar Grand Hotel El Mirador, Costa Adeje has a great deal to offer. For direct access to the beautiful golden coastline, consider the Iberostar Hotel Anthelia, which is located between the two main beaches of this popular region. The excellent facilities of the Arona Gran in Los Cristianos make it another favourite with Sovereign customers, and it is ideally located 500 metres from the lively resort centre. For golf enthusiasts or those after a more serene experience, consider The Ritz-Carlton, Abama in Guia de Isora with its green gardens, calming lakes and rushing waterfalls. Take a look at all our other hotels in Tenerife.
Our recomended offers of the week
Iberostar Hotel Anthelia
Tenerife, Costa Adeje
7 nights Bed and BreakfastWed 22 Jul 2015
The Sovereign Standard
To help you choose your perfect holiday we have rated all of our hotels using our own system.
Classical Sovereign
Classical Sovereign hotels are more modest hotels offering charm and character, or an exceptional location. Many of these hotels have been firm favourites with Sovereign customers for countless years and offer great value for money.
Luxury Collection
Luxury Collection hotels offer everything you would expect to go hand in hand with a luxury holiday. They offer high standards of service and attention to all those important little details.
Exclusive Collection
Exclusive Collection hotels provide the ultimate luxury; they are the finest, most opulent hotels offering superlative service and excellent facilities, which will satisfy the needs of even the most discerning traveller.
Family Collection
Family Collection hotels are some of the finest family-friendly resorts and offer a wide range of facilities for both children and parents. Families can enjoy a whole host of amenities including fun kid's clubs, a dedicated children's pool and spacious accommodation.