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UMI Dissertation Publishing, ProQuest, LLC
This profile focuses on UMI Dissertation Publishing, a business unit of ProQuest LLC. UMI produces a database of dissertations and theses that contains most doctoral and some master's level dissertations from U.S. and Canadian universities. It also provides additional information about dissertations from around the world. The database offers essential information to scholars worldwide. It is also, in effect, the official repository of dissertations and theses for the national libraries of Canada and the United States. ProQuest LLC provides a variety of services to the scholarly community. Libraries constitute ProQuest's primary market, and subscribe to many of its major products and services.
The information in this report is based on interviews with ProQuest LLC staff and users of the databases, as well as the ProQuest LLC website. In particular, CRL is indebted to Austin McLean, Director of Scholarly Communication and Dissertation Publishing for ProQuest. In addition, secondary sources such as books and magazine or journal articles were consulted. Any information that is not cited was found on the websites of ProQuest LLC.
Mission and History
ProQuest LLC has a mission statement for its graduate works:
As the primary publisher of dissertations and theses, our mission is to support higher education by meeting the university's need to provide a record of scholarly productivity and ensuring that graduate works remain significant contributions to the primary literature.[1]
ProQuest LLC began as University Microfilm International (UMI), which was founded by Eugene B. Power in 1938 in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Power began the business with the idea of using microform technology to serve the low-demand publishing requirements of the scholarly community. One of UMI's first areas for content acquisition was doctoral dissertations. At the time, U.S. doctoral students were required to pay the not-insignificant cost of self-publishing, producing multiple copies of, and often binding their dissertations. Within a year, UMI was microfilming dissertations and publishing the abstracts in Microfilm Abstracts, an annual catalog of the dissertations available for sale from UMI.
In 1951, the UMI initiative gained considerable momentum when the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) voted to approve publication of doctoral dissertations on microfilm and to endorse distribution of those dissertations through UMI.[2] ARL urged universities to begin submitting paper copies of the dissertations produced by their doctoral candidates to UMI for distribution in micro-format and paper reprint. UMI microfilmed the dissertations and published the abstracts of each in Dissertations Abstracts (previously Microfilm Abstracts). ARL libraries then agreed to discontinue the practice of interlibrary loan of paper copies of dissertations that were available to universities on microfilm through UMI.[3]
UMI and Xerox
In 1962, the Xerox Corporation bought UMI for $8 million. Eugene Power continued to run the company as a subsidiary of Xerox until he retired in June 1970. Xerox introduced some changes, creating a designated sales force, and expanding the sale of reprints of publications from the company's microfilmed collections[4]. In 1971 UMI changed its name to Xerox University Microfilms and in 1976 reverted to University Microfilms International.
UMI, Bell & Howell, and ProQuest
In 1985, UMI was sold to Bell & Howell, who changed the name to Bell & Howell Information and Learning in 1999. In 2001 Bell and Howell created the ProQuest Company out of two of its business units: Bell & Howell Information and Learning and Bell & Howell Publishing Services. In June 2001, "PQE" began trading on the New York Stock Exchange when Bell & Howell sold a minority of shares to the public.[5]
National Archive Publishing Company and ProQuest
In 2005, ProQuest divested of some of its assets to the National Archive Publishing Company (NAPC), a corporation formed by former members of ProQuest management. Under a long-term contract with ProQuest, NAPC serves as a producer and supplier of microfilm and digital content for ProQuest. Under the agreement, NAPC stores ProQuest microform masters and fulfills microfilm requests for content retained by ProQuest such as dissertations, newspapers, and research archives.[6]
ProQuest LLC and Cambridge Information Group (CIG)
ProQuest's difficulties as an independent public company began in 2006, when its 2005 financial information was determined to have been incorrectly stated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Independent auditors determined that ProQuest had "certain deficiencies in internal controls." The auditors also found that "there was no evidence of undue pressure from corporate management to attain certain results, but that one individual was responsible."[7] In May 2007, the ProQuest Company's stock was removed from listing and trading on the New York Stock Exchange because of the company's failure to file its 2005 annual report, Form 10-K, and certain fiscal 2006 Form 10-Q filings.[8] As a result of the accounting irregularities, several shareholders filed lawsuits against ProQuest in 2006.[9] In June 2007, ProQuest changed its name to Voyager Learning Company and its ticker symbol from PQE to VLCY. Voyager relocated corporate operations to Dallas and has since concentrated on K–12 products.
Prior to the establishment of Voyager Learning Company, in December 2006, the Cambridge Information Group (CIG) bought the unit of ProQuest called ProQuest Information and Learning (which included UMI). Alan Aldworth, ProQuest Company's chairman and CEO, said, "This pending transaction . . . will significantly improve ProQuest Company's capital structure."[10] CIG merged ProQuest with Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA), a scientific database provider, and named the new company ProQuest LLC.[11]
In addition to ProQuest LLC, CIG owns a variety of other interests, including the publishing company Bowker. CIG is the largest shareholder in Navtech, a supplier of flight operations information and aeronautical charts to the airline industry, and GWDI, a company that provides communication and data management to the aeronautics market. CIG owns other types of educational businesses, including MetaMetrics, a company that develops products and services that focus on improving teaching and learning in grades K–12; Sotheby's Institute of Art, which offers postgraduate degrees and undergraduate study abroad programs in art scholarship, connoisseurship, and art business; and Bach to Rock (B2R), a chain of music schools designed for students from pre-school through adulthood.[12] CIG also holds equity in Jin Yun Wan Xiang, a chain of "retail establishments located in historic sites in and around Beijing that sell gifts inspired by cultural icons." [AUTH: need citation for quote]
ProQuest LLC appears to be expanding its content through acquiring well-known companies. In June 2008, ProQuest LLC purchased DIALOG and its European-based DataStar division from Thompson Reuters, renaming it ProQuest DIALOG. In late 2010, ProQuest acquired Congressional Information Service (CIS) and University Publications of America (UPA) from LexisNexis[13]. In January 2011 ProQuest bought Ebrary, distributors of ebooks to libraries and corporations. According to Information Today, this acquisition "will bring a fully functioning ebook platform to ProQuest to add to its extensive content platform[14]."
Governance and Staffing
ProQuest is owned by the Cambridge Information Group (CIG). CIG is a private, family-owned company that has been in operation since 1971. It was founded by Robert N. Snyder and Philip E. Hixon; Philip Hixon has since retired, but Robert N. Snyder serves as president of Cambridge Information Group and chair of ProQuest. In November 2013 Goldman Sachs purchased a minority share in ProQuest.
ProQuest LLC continues to be a privately held company within the larger CIG organization. At the time of acquisition, CIG appointed Martin Kahn as CEO. A senior executive team made up of the top ProQuest executives assists Kahn in decision making. The complete management team is listed in Appendix A. ProQuest's member list of its Board of Directors is not publicly available.
Funding and Planning
As outlined in the history section above, ProQuest has been through several periods of financial difficulty. In 2005, ProQuest reported annual revenue of $159.4 million, indicating that this publicly traded company was doing well. The picture changed quickly in 2006 after the company disclosed there had been accounting irregularities that overstated earnings for the years 2000–05. After these disclosures, ProQuest shares dropped to a new 52-week low of $9.50 on the New York Stock Exchange. By December 2006, CIG had purchased ProQuest Information and Learning (PQIL) for $222 million.
With assistance from CIG, ProQuest returned to financial viability, buying new companies. As CEO Marty Kahn stated to Information Today in February 2011, "We have ample resources to do what we need to do, and we are committed to recognizing that this is a multiyear undertaking. We have to achieve our financial goals every year just like everyone else, but Bob and Andy Snyder and their CIG team are committed to making it happen.[15]"
Stakeholders and Designated Community
UMI Dissertation Publishing serves three distinct user or client communities: a) graduate student authors of graduate works and their universities; b) other scholars and researchers, and the libraries through which they obtain access to the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (PQDT) database; and c) the national libraries of Canada and the United States, for which UMI serves as the official legal depository of electronic theses and dissertations.
Services to Authors and their Universities
Universities help UMI by collecting, editing, and submitting the graduate works to UMI through their dissertation offices. For graduate students who contribute their works to UMI, this submission is often the last phase of the degree process. University participation in the UMI program is informal and voluntary. UMI is active in the academic community, providing nearly $150,000 each year in the form of sponsorships and dissertation awards to be distributed through university-affiliated organizations.
Dissertation authors can request that distribution of their work be embargoed for a limited period. Restrictions of various durations can be imposed and are placed at the request of the author (and with the approval of the graduate school), such as six months, one year, or two years.
Copyright in the work continues to be owned by the author, although the author must secure authorization for inclusion of third party-produced content used in the graduate work prior to submitting the work to UMI. UMI asserts that it will not distribute a dissertation that contains content created by a third party where permission to reproduce has not been obtained.
Under an arrangement with the Library of Congress (see Appendix C), UMI will register an author's work with the U.S. Copyright Office for an additional $65. In 2002, ProQuest submitted approximately 500 electronic registrations per week for university dissertations, the largest number from any single submitter.[16]
Services to National Libraries
UMI also serves the national libraries of Canada and the United States. Under an agreement between ProQuest and the National Library of Canada signed in 1997, and renewed with Library and Archives Canada in 2000, UMI became the authorized worldwide distributor of graduate works from all institutions participating in the Canadian Theses Service. The Canadian Theses Service, now Theses Canada, is a national program based at Library and Archives Canada whose purpose is to preserve and provide access to a comprehensive collection of Canadian graduate dissertations and theses. Approximately 4,000 dissertations and 7,000 theses are produced annually at participating colleges and universities in Canada.[17] (See Appendix B, Publishing Agreement between UMI and the National Library of Canada.)
The Canadian agreement authorizes UMI to produce and distribute paper, microform, and electronic editions of the works. In return, UMI is required to provide to Theses Canada and Library and Archives Canada three archival quality microfilm copies of all Canadian graduate works distributed under the agreement.
UMI also executed an agreement with the Library of Congress and the U.S. Copyright Office in January 1999. The LC agreement provides for electronic copyright registration and deposit of graduate works over the Internet to the U.S. Copyright Office. (See Appendix C: Publishing Agreement between UMI and the Library of Congress.) The agreement designated ProQuest Digital Dissertations as the official repository for more than 150,000 graduate works converted by UMI to digital form since 1997, and for such works to be produced in the future. The agreement was the first in which the Library of Congress designated an "official off-site repository" for digital materials required to be deposited with the Library.[18]
Content and Services
UMI Dissertation Publishing offers not a single product or service but rather provides related products based on single works, and performs a set of services for different clients and stakeholders. UMI publishes and distributes graduate works in microform, paper, and electronic formats; registers many of those works for copyright in either the United States or Canada; and makes citations and abstracts of the works available for discovery through online databases.
Citations and Abstracts
The main UMI product, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (PQDT) database, is available by Web-based subscription, a single platform for search and discovery of citations for all UMI dissertations and theses. As of March 2008, 2,119,392 doctoral dissertations and 342,452 master's theses were listed in PQDT.
In the U.S., the PQDT database is considered to be a nationwide clearinghouse of graduate works, to which the vast majority of U.S. graduate works are submitted. The dissertations listed in the database date from 1861 through the most recent academic year; master's theses began to be added selectively in 1962. Since 1988, the database includes citations for dissertations from 50 British universities that have been collected by and filmed at the British Document Supply Centre.
PQDT also includes 350-word abstracts for dissertations published from 1980 forward, written by the authors; and 150-word abstracts for master's theses from 1988 forward. Abstracts for dissertations and theses in the database dating from before 1980 can be found in earlier UMI print publications Dissertation Abstracts International, American Doctoral Dissertations, Comprehensive Dissertation Index, and Masters Abstracts International.
Access to Full Texts
Aside from citations and abstracts, the PQDT database provides access to the full texts of more than a million graduate works produced since 1997, in PDF digital format. Access to the full texts is limited to users at the originating universities, although 24-page previews of those works are available more widely.
The PQDT database subsumed the contents of an earlier stand-alone platform called ProQuest Digital Dissertations, which existed from 1997 to 2007. (In 2007, Current Research@, a separate distribution platform that gave contributing universities access to their full text dissertations, was also migrated into the PQDT database.) As of 2008, 1,750 of the electronic graduate works also contained supplemental files in a variety of formats, among them digital audio, video, and electronic spreadsheet.
Some graduate student authors opt to make the full texts of their works openly accessible on the Web. At the time of this report, 124 open-access graduate works were available through the UMI webpage PQDT Open.
Full interoperability exists between PQDT and other products on the ProQuest platform, such as ABI/INFORM. A number of other online distribution channels exist for the graduate work abstracts and index terms, such as OCLC, Dialog, the STN database, and Chemical Abstracts, which includes subject-specific graduate works. Other subject-specific indexes that index or list graduate works published by UMI include: ABI; American Psychological Association's PsychInfo; ABC-CLIO's American History and Life; Historical Abstracts; Modern Language Association's MLA database; Cambridge Scientific Abstracts's Sociological Abstracts; American Mathematical Society's Mathematical Abstracts; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL); Chemical Abstracts; ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health, and ProQuest Health Management.
In addition, Google has been permitted to crawl and index bibliographic data for UMI graduate works published from 2005 forward. As of March 2008, approximately 23,000–25,000 UMI dissertations citations were available through Google Scholar. The link from Google Scholar to an internal UMI page provides the name of the author, the author's graduate advisor, school, source, source type, publication number, a persistent link to the PQDT database, and possibly an abstract.
Technical Systems and Analysis
Submissions workflow
UMI receives all graduate works in either hard copy or electronic format through a university's dissertation office. The university dissertation office is responsible for reviewing the dissertation, checking that it conforms to UMI formatting requirements, and verifying that all the accompanying materials are available.
Along with the graduate work, UMI requires an abstract, which must accompany the agreement forms signed and submitted by the author, and the author's payment. The agreement between ProQuest and the author is entitled: ProQuest UMI Publishing Agreement (see Appendix C). The agreement authorizes UMI to publish the dissertation and, if the author chooses, to act as the agent for copyright registration with the Library of Congress.
For electronic submission, UMI creates a submission webpage for each university. Authors submits their graduate work in PDF format, via the webpage to the university's dissertation office. The dissertation office checks the dissertation and accompanying materials and then submits an electronically approved version to UMI. UMI provides an easy-to-use utility to convert Word files or RTF files to PDF format. If the digital file of a graduate work is over 100 megabytes in size, UMI advises the author to submit the PDF file and any associated supplementary files on a CD or DVD.
The editing of the format by both the university's dissertation office and UMI results in a uniform document that can be better managed by the ProQuest database system. This makes the works easy for UMI to reproduce in a microfilm, hard copy, or digital format. For archiving purposes, it creates uniform documents that are highly desirable for migration to new systems.
Ingestion of Graduate Works
Once UMI receives the content from the university's dissertation office, the material is sent through the dissertation publishing process workflow. First, all graduate works have a metadata file produced using the in-house developed Exodus system. The metadata itself is created in MARC 21 format. If the graduate work is submitted in paper form, it is forwarded by UMI to a scanning vendor for processing and quality control. The outsourcing company scans the hard copy in TIFF images, and then wraps these images with the metadata in a PDF file wrapper. Once the graduate work is in PDF format, it is microfilmed using ProQuest's Electron Beam Camera. The PDF file is loaded along with the metadata into the PQDT database and a second, separate high-resolution repository. Both are located in ProQuest's Ann Arbor facilities.
In a separate process, the author's abstract is saved as a file. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is performed on the file and it is given SGML tagging. Index terms are extracted from the abstract. The abstract and index terms are added to the PQDT database. A separate process takes the indexed terms and incorporates them in a number of print indexes produced by UMI.
Information about UMI dissertations is available to users in a variety of online and print publications. The most common method for accessing dissertations is through PQDT, ProQuest's searchable database of abstracts available to subscribers. Subscribers can access their university's dissertations for free in full text, or they may order other dissertations for instant viewing online or order hard copy in a variety of formats. As of March 2008 prices ranged from $39 to $101, with the instantaneously available digital copy being the least expensive format.
Authors can also choose to publish their work through an open-access UMI website called PQDT Open. Currently, this simple standalone webpage lists the open access works contributed in 2006 alphabetically by the author's last name. UMI plans to further develop the site as more works designated as open access are received.
ProQuest Database and Database Center
ProQuest's Database Center houses all ProQuest information products. This includes the PQDT database of graduate works. The amount of content currently held within the ProQuest database system is over 125 billion digital pages.
The ProQuest Data Center is located in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In 2000, ProQuest LLC migrated to a Red Hat Enterprise Linux environment, in which all of the company's online database products were combined into one Oracle database back end.[?] This system utilizes 295 HP ProLiant BL35p blade servers powered by AMD Dual-Core Opteron processors. If there is a need for more capacity, it can be quickly supported by adding additional HP ProLiant servers. The system uses one-third the number of processors and half the memory of the systems replaced in 2000.[??]
ProQuest maintains logs of application retrieval failures, which ProQuest staff investigate and correct on a regular basis. The vast majority of errors are logical errors (application errors or configuration problems), rather than media errors (data integrity errors on disk). ProQuest maintains that these errors are corrected as they are discovered.
In 2008, ProQuest planned to relocate their main data center to Virginia. The company also built a new data center in Ann Arbor, Michigan, for computer equipment and pre-production housing and testing of new products. The Ann Arbor data center was projected to cost $6.5 million. ProQuest planned to hire an additional 303 employees in 2009 to staff the Ann Arbor data center.
Preservation of Repository Content
ProQuest's ingestion and archiving process incorporate some commonly accepted preservation strategies. Dissertations are normalized by converted them to standard file formats, TIFFs, and wrapped in a PDF. Multiple copies of these files are then stored in online electronic vaults housed within ProQuest facilities in Ann Arbor. One copy is available in Ann Arbor in a mirrored storage set up, where two or more drives in a RAID-5 (redundant arrays of inexpensive disks) system hold the file. The second backup copy is kept on a Spinning Disk system located in Sterling, Va. Spinning disk systems—an inexpensive, long-term storage solution—are designed for fast writes and rewrites of data, making them a good choice for archiving purposes.
Preservation of Repository Content
Microform continues to be a strong part of UMI's preservation program. All graduate works are archived on two copies of microform. UMI creates both a master negative and a print negative of each work. The master negative is not used and is held for archival purposes; the print negative is used to generate print and digital copies. Each microform is stored in a separate vault. These vaults are climate- and humidity-controlled according to the industry standard and meet all Library of Congress qualifications. The microform created follows the ANSI/AIIM specifications that UMI helped establish as an industry standard. Even "born digital" graduate works are archived on microform. All page-based material (e.g. material that can be printed out as either 8.5" x 11" or A4 paper formats) is captured using a state-of-the-art Electron Beam camera, which converts both born digital and digitally scanned files of graduate works into microform. In addition to microform, two digital backup copies are created and archived offsite. In addition to ProQuest's other storage solutions, a backup tape is kept at an undisclosed location in the Ann Arbor area.
ProQuest demonstrated its ability to recover from a disaster during the Great Northeastern Power Blackout of 2003. Around 4:00 p.m. on August 14, 2003, the largest power outage ever to hit the U.S. cut the power to the Ann Arbor area. Power was not fully restored to the area until 7:00 p.m. the following day. According to Austin McLean, Director of Scholarly Communication and Dissertation Publishing, ProQuest LLC's systems were temporarily shut down, but backup generators quickly restored service to customers worldwide. Other than a temporary halt in service, there was no loss or damage to the system.[??]
In December 2005, ProQuest convened an advisory group to recommend strategies for the organization to adopt to conform to digital preservation best practices. The advisory group included:
Sheila Anderson, Arts & Humanities Data Service, King's College
Mark McFarland, University of Texas at Austin
John Ober, California Digital Library
Mark Sweeney, Library of Congress
Perry Willett, Digital Library Production Service, University of Michigan
The group recommended that ProQuest take the following measures:
- Create an audit and risk assessment [process]
- Document current processes and assess gaps
- Identify person(s) responsible for digital preservation management
- Utilize the OAIS Reference Model as chief model of guidance
- Utilize widely accepted preservation formats
- Utilize widely accepted metadata standards in our information packages
- Utilize platform independent, open systems wherever possible
- Provide as much transparency into preservation processes as possible
A preservation policy was subsequently developed, and is available on the ProQuest website[??]. ProQuest designated a group of staff members to be responsible for digital preservation management, and asserts a commitment to migrating content as necessary. This commitment was demonstrated by a necessary migration to a Linux-based system.
UMI has been able to sustain and grow its holdings of graduate works over a period of seventy years, and achieve pre-eminence as supplier of dissertations and theses from North American universities. UMI was able to identify early on an important category of scholarly materials problematic for libraries and authors, and to use innovative technologies to create a cost-effective solution. Graduate works tend to be encumbered by intellectual property restrictions and other constraints. Before UMI, graduate students bore the cost of self-publishing multiple copies of their degree documents, as publishers had little incentive to invest in producing small editions of works of limited interest. UMI was able not only to provide in microform and later in digital format a low-cost publishing solution for authors, but to centralize and bring to scale the cataloging, storage, conversion, and delivery of such works.
UMI was also able to distribute its production and service costs among both the library and student communities, charging authors for publication and copyright registration and libraries for access to abstracts, citations and full texts.
Formal agreements with the National Library of Canada (now Library and Archives Canada) and the Library of Congress negotiated by UMI (in 1997 and 1999, respectively) designated UMI as the official repository for dissertations and theses produced at Canadian and U.S. universities. On the strength of those agreements, the statutory authority of the national libraries ensures a continual flow of content to the UMI collection. Moreover, the Library of Congress agreement exempted UMI from the costly requirement to deposit in the national library copies of the dissertations as a condition of copyright registration.
UMI has also succeeded in imposing a high level of uniformity on the production of dissertations and theses. By rapidly achieving market dominance in the publication of dissertations and theses, the service in effect set the standard for formatting graduate documents by a large population of authors. In 1951, the members of the Association of Research Libraries moved to accept microform as the medium for distributing graduate works, and designated UMI as the primary source of these works by agreeing to no longer circulate on interlibrary loan works available from UMI. This has enabled UMI to exercise greater control over its production and content management costs.
UMI and its parent company, ProQuest LLC, have continued to maintain a close working relationship with the suppliers of their content: university graduate students and faculty. ProQuest invests heavily in direct marketing to the academic community, engaging as advisors scholars, bibliographers, and other specialists in the humanities, and promoting ProQuest and UMI products at academic and library conferences.
Potential Vulnerabilities
While the market share and pre-eminence that UMI Dissertation Publishing has achieved may well endure, the service could face a number of challenges to its position, particularly as a source of graduate documents in electronic form (EDTs). In the digital realm, self-publishing has become almost cost-free, giving rise to a growing number of open-access repositories for these kinds of materials, established by individual universities using D-Space, Fedora, and other institutional repository software. Efforts such as the Networked Digital Library of Dissertations and Theses to federate these individual repositories and to provide authoring tools and standards may eventually offer graduate students alternative ways to expose their works to web discovery and to gain access to the works of others. The growth of institutional repositories and open-access dissertation efforts in the U.S. and abroad could thus make inroads on UMI's market.
Aggregators like ProQuest have lost ground to open-access projects on other fronts. Major newspapers like The New York Times have moved from distributing their digitized back-files through subscription packages to mounting them directly on the web and exposing them through search engines like Yahoo! and Google.
The increasing diversity and complexity of the digital media in which graduate documents are created today may also challenge UMI's ability to impose uniformity on the production and intake of EDTs. UMI has in fact seen a recent increase in dissertations and theses that include supplementary digital materials, such as audio, video, and spreadsheets. ProQuest's recent migration of its systems to more efficient platforms and its creation of a new data center in Ann Arbor should help manage the pressure such content growth will inevitably exert on UMI storage and content management costs.
UMI's parent ProQuest LLC is owned by a private equity group as part of a portfolio of eight "operating companies." The other seven holdings in the portfolio, aside from Bowker, do not appear to offer much potential for synergy; they include companies specializing in aeronautics and flight information, K–12 and art education, and gift retail.
Should the PQDT database fail or become unavailable, some level of protection would be afforded U.S. and Canadian libraries by the cooperative agreements made between the National Library of Canada and Library of Congress. (See Appendices B and C.) That level of protection, however, differs under the two agreements. The Library of Congress agreement provides only limited protection to libraries other than LC. For example, it does not provide for access to the full texts of dissertations and theses included in the PQDT for submitting universities or libraries in the event of a UMI failure, as the Canadian agreement does. Nor does it protect libraries from price volatility, i.e., from price increases that might be imposed arbitrarily by UMI on the PQDT database or its related services. The trigger events that require UMI to provide serviceable copies of the dissertations to the Library of Congress include unavailability of the database to the Library and transfer of its control out of the hands of UMI, but not interruptions in access to other libraries or extreme increases in the price of subscription to the database.
The Library and Archives Canada agreement, on the other hand, establishes both the prices UMI may charge for copies of Canadian graduate works and the prices UMI is permitted to charge student authors for services and others for copies of the works.
[1] Austin McLean (director, Scholarly Communication and Dissertations Publishing, ProQuest), interview with author, February 2008.
[2] Ralph E. Ellsworth, "Toward Publishing Doctoral Dissertations," Journal of Higher Education 23 (1952): 241–44.
[3] Eugene B. Power, Edition of One (Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms International, 1990).
[4] Ibid.
[5]"ProQuest Company Launched from Base of Bell & Howell e-Businesses," Cambium Learning, accessed April 4, 2011, http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=93447&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=340979&highlight=.
[6]"About NA Publishing, Inc.," National Archive Publishing Company, accessed April 4, 2011, http://www.napubco.com/about.html.
[7]Paula J. Hane, "ProQuest Reports Completion of Audit Committee Investigation," Information Today: Newsbreaks (August 7, 2006), accessed April 4, 2011, http://newsbreaks.infotoday.com/nbReader.asp?ArticleId=17326.
[8]"25-NSE New York Stock Exchange Inc.," Securities and Exchange Commission, accessed April 4, 2011, http://www.secinfo.com/dQX3q.uch.d.htm.
[9]ProQuest, "ProQuest Provides Business Update," PRNewswire-FirstCall, accessed April 4, 2011, http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/03-07-2007/0004542031&EDATE=.
[11]"Cambridge Information Group Announces Agreement to Acquire ProQuest Information and Learning," Cambridge Information Group, accessed April 4, 2011, http://info.csa.com/enews/CIGAcQuiresProQuestPR.shtml.
[12]"CIG Operating Companies," Cambridge Information Group, accessed April 4, 2011, http://www.cambridgeinformationgroup.com/companies.htm.
[13]Barbara Brynko, "Kahn: The ProQuest Vision," Information Today (Feb 2011), accessed April 4, 2011, http://www.infotoday.com/IT/feb11/Kahn-The-ProQuest-Vision.shtml.
[14]Paula J. Hane, "ProQuest Acquires Ebook Pioneer ebrary," Information Today: Newsbreaks (January 13, 2011), accessed April 4, 2011, http://newsbreaks.infotoday.com/NewsBreaks/ProQuest-Acquires-Ebook-Pioneer-ebrary-73219.asp.
[15]Brynko, "Kahn: The ProQuest Vision," Information Today.
[16]U.S. Copyright Office, Annual Report of the Registrar of Copyrights, 2002, accessed April 4, 2011, http://www.copyright.gov/reports/annual/2002/automation.html.
[17]PR Newswire, "UMI and National Library of Canada Sign Major Agreement," accessed April 4, 2011, http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/12-12-97/377386&EDATE=.
[18]"Library of Congress and Copyright Office Sign Landmark Agreement with UMI," Library of Congress, accessed April 4, 2011, http://www.loc.gov/today/pr/1999/99-007.html.
[19]"ProQuest CSA Wins Red Hat Innovation Award," ProQuest, accessed April 4, 2011, http://www.proquest.com/en-US/aboutus/pressroom/07/20070514.shtml .
[20]"Red Hat Announces Winners of First Annual Innovation Awards," Red Hat, accessed April 4, 2011, http://customers.press.redhat.com/2008/01/10/ProQuest-csa-2007-red-hat-i....
[21]Austin McLean (director, Scholarly Communication and Dissertations Publishing, ProQuest), interview with author, February 2008..
[22]"UMI Dissertation Publishing Preservation Policy," accessed April 4, 2011, ProQuest, http://www.ProQuest.com/products_umi/dissertations/preservationpolicy.shtml.
Appendix A
ProQuest Management Team (as of 3/24/2011)
Andy Snyder, Chairman
Marty Kahn, Chief Executive Officer
Philip Evans, Chief Financial Officer
Annie Callanan, Chief Operating Officer
Simon Beale, Senior Vice President, Global Sales
Timothy Babbitt, Senior Vice President, ProQuest Platforms
Jane Burke, Senior Vice President, Strategic Initiatives
Elliot Forsyth, Senior Vice President, Human Resources and Business Services
Rod Gauvin, Senior Vice President, Publishing and Global Content Alliances
Michael Gersch, Senior Vice President and General Manager, Serials Solutions
Boe Horton, Senior Vice President, Research Solutions
Lynda James-Gilboe, Senior Vice President, Marketing and Customer Care
Rich LaFauci, Senior Vice President and General Manager, Research Solutions
Vince Price, Senior Vice President, Content Operations
Mary Sauer-Games, Senior Vice President, Higher Education Publishing
John Taylor, Vice President, Technology and General Manager, Cambridge Operations
Tim Wahlberg, General Manager of Dialog and Vice President, Corporate Markets


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Wed, Aug 27, 08 at 7:33
Sorry have not come here much lately but wanted to take the time to share some Monarch photos I have taken this summer. I have had 92 monarchs hatch for me so far with about 30 to go, have taken photos of every one but have not had time to go through them all yet. |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by lindajewell (My Page) on Wed, Aug 27, 08 at 10:49
They are beautiful! I can see now that photos I have taken pale in comparison. |
Outstanding! Beautiful creatures, aren't they. Too bad they only live a few weeks. Great shots, keep 'em coming. |
- Posted by lindajewell (My Page) on Thu, Aug 28, 08 at 11:15
I too would like to see more. I love butterflies and you have captured them in all their glory. When you say you had 92 hatch, does that mean you "raise" them? Forgive my ignorance but I am new here............ |
Just beautiful. Lovely subjects, very nice captures. |
- Posted by konrad___far_north (My Page) on Thu, Aug 28, 08 at 22:50
Good for you Rose! These are some very nice shots! Konrad |
Monarchs that hatch at this time of the year may live longer than those earlier in the season. These late monarchs are destined to migrate toward Mexico to over-winter. Of course, not all will make it, but those who do are the ones that perpetuate the race beginning next season. |
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Hey, I sent out last I am sure. I have heard back from one person and I was wondering if the other 2 have gotten theirs yet?
Were there anymore late send outs besides me? If so who else recieved? THANKS! Fran :D who wants to know hehe |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by susantexoma 7b TX (My Page) on Tue, Mar 31, 09 at 11:56
I'm glad you started a new thread! I received Salvia coccinea Coral Nymph and bicolor zinnias from Chris/grolikecrazy yesterday -- thank you Chris! Susan |
I also received sees yesterday, from Holly: iceplant, red burgundy onion and lime basil! Thank you! And thank you for starting another thread :) |
- Posted by greenthumbgrow 7 - MD (My Page) on Tue, Mar 31, 09 at 18:19
Fran - Thanks for starting a new thread. I didn't realize the other had filled up already. So glad everyone is still recieving surprises. tammy |
- Posted by dan_the_mailman Michigan (My Page) on Tue, Mar 31, 09 at 18:31
Fran! I got an envie FULL of seeds from you today! I also gave the kids a pat and a scratch, just like you asked! LOL! Thank you! |
- Posted by ncgardengirl 7b 8a NC (My Page) on Tue, Mar 31, 09 at 21:51
LOL Thanks for letting me know Dan. I hope you can use everything I sent if not then pass them along to someone who can ;)! You made sure to tell the kids the pat and scratch was from Fran right? hehe :) Fran |
- Posted by appaloosa909 6b Central NJ (My Page) on Fri, Apr 3, 09 at 17:35
I received Susie vine and cukes from Holly!! Thanks so much. ( You didn't include your GW name) Andrea |
- Posted by gardenmom2 IN Zone 6 (My Page) on Sat, Apr 4, 09 at 10:40
I have rec'd a few since I last posted and need to say thanks. Fran, thanks for the cuttings they were wonderful and a huge surprise. I also rec'd from faintheart. thanks for the basils. nichol |
I received a stack of things from Fran! Thanks! : ) and a nice card and some seeds from faintheart! Thanks a bunch! Holly |
- Posted by ncgardengirl 7b 8a NC (My Page) on Sun, Apr 12, 09 at 15:25
Hey Holly, I hope you like all of what I sent, I think some of it was on your want list. I can't remember now, but I figured anything you didn't like you can trade off! Happy Easter Everyone! :) Fran |
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Samsung Rant – How to setup the Keypad lock
If you are a lazy mate, at least as I am, you didn't read the Samsung Rant manual, or you didn't read it entirely. I see no problem with this anyway.
A couple of days ago I was riding my bike and in one of the break times I got my phone running crazy on the internet. Bad? Very bad! I am expecting now to pay some bucks more for internet usage and this is because my Samsung Rant was setup to get its keypad locked after 15 second of phone inactivity.
To get rid of this kind of problems you have to follow a few steps which will help you to short the keypad lock timing and of course to short your bill and save your money.
1. go to settings
2. display
3. keypad lock
Put there the minimum time interval, let's say 5 sec. Press OK.
Have you ever think of receiving Emails for free on your mobile? If yes, here is a method, E-Mails to SMS / text messages for free using Gmail and Yahoo Canada forwarders.(April 2010)
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i cannot get to the keypad lock
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Classic Equine® Alpaca and Mohair Roper Cinch
The Classic Equine® Alpaca and Mohair Roper Cinch is made of a 100% blend of Mohair and Alpaca fibers. Offers a unique color pattern as well as a long lasting durable western girth that will provide comfort for your horse. Roller buckle for easy cinching.
Read more...
Stainless steel Cushion Roller buckles and dees. The Alpaca/Mohair cinch has a unique color pattern with a vintage western style and design. It is made with 100% pure blend of Mohair and Alpaca fibers for long lasting softness and comfort. It is naturally strong and durable, yet gives to encourage flexion and movement. It is made with stainless steel hardware and features a custom roller buckle that makes cinching up an easy task.
Premier product - this product is not eligible for any discounts off the purchase price.
100% Satisfaction Guaranteed - Your Money Back Any Time, for Any Reason.
Smith Brothers is proud to offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee on all of our products. We stand behind the quality of our products, and should you not be satisfied with your purchase, simply return it and we will refund, replace or exchange it for you.


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Available 2014. This Custom 50M Series yacht is currently under construction and available in a very short time frame, featuring larger than normal living spaces in the main salon, dining, and a full beam sky lounge area, along with a sizable amount of storage space. The six spacious staterooms will sleep up to 12 guests.
Contact Christensen Shipyards Ltd..


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PoliticsHome | Only the latest five entries on the PhiWire are visible to non-subscribers
- Sign up to see last 24 hours
Thursday 10th January 2013 | 18:35
Labour party press release
Michael Dugher MP, Labour's Vice-Chair, commenting on John Nash, a Conservative Party donor, being appointed a minister in the Department for Education, said:
"David Cameron is much better at creating jobs for his big money donors
than he is at providing jobs for the millions of young and long term
"This looks like jobs for the boys from an out of touch Prime Minister.
"With yesterday's promotion of Lord Popat and now John Nash handed a peerage and a new post, two major Tory donors have been given ministerial jobs in just two days.
"Nice work if you can get it."


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Offering Financial Assistance The total investment necessary to begin operation of a new MilliCare franchise is $112,300 to $159,500, but it may be lower for an existing business that is already incurring some of the overhead costs required for the initial investment. This includes, for a new franchise, an initial franchise fee, training fee and start-up package of equipment and materials. The royalty and license fee is 6% of monthly gross receipts. MilliCare promotional fund contribution is 2% of monthly gross receipts.
Special Incentives VetFran Participant DiversityFran Participant International Opportunity
VetFran Incentive $5,000 off the initial franchise fee for all qualified veterans.
MilliCare franchisees deliver effective, sustainable carpet and textile maintenance programs to commercial building managers. Our process is certified by Green Seal and the Carpet and Rug Institute, and contributes to LEED-EBOM points. Backed by Milliken, a multi-billion dollar chemical, carpet and textile company, MilliCare is an established network of strategic-partners that value long-term business relationships. Fortune 500 companies, airports, law offices, hotels and other commercial spaces around the world trust MilliCare franchisees to care for and extend the life of their investments.
Return to Top
MilliCare franchisees are initially trained through four modules, which include an orientation and franchise, sales and technical training. These resources are supplemented with ongoing support by a dedicated franchise business consultant. The MilliCare culture encourages knowledge sharing across our global network through annual education and networking meetings, online and in-person training through MilliCare University, and IICRC certification courses.
Prospective franchisees should value sustainable, long-term business relationships in the B2B industry. Executive management, facility services experience and environmental awareness preferred. Carpet maintenance experience is not required.


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Solutions Architect, Anexinet
Joseph D'Antoni is a Senior Architect with over a decade of experience working in both Fortune 500 and smaller firms. He is currently Solutions Architect for SQL Server and Big Data for Anexinet in Blue Bell, PA. He is frequent speaker at major tech events, and blogger about all topics technology. He holds a MSCE BI, a BS in CIS from Louisiana Tech University, and an MBA from NC State University, and is the co-author of the Microsoft white paper, Using Power BI in a Hybrid Environment.
Regular Session (75 minutes):


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Access granted, I winced as I passed the speakers of the state-of-the-art sound system blasting such gems as Joan Jett's "I Love Rock-n-Roll" and Lynyrd Skynyrd's "Sweet Home Alabama." No wonder the DJs had on headphones.
The former NBA star's decorators deserve props for rehabbing what was once a mere patio bar. The décor of the open-air club is perfectly in keeping with Rodman's "I gave my wife two different STDs" image. Think: bordello meets vampire lair meets bistro.
The only people dancing were paid to do so. Two chicks worked the stripper poles on either end of the red-lit, red-tiled bar. Bouquets of dead red roses dangled from the rafters; chandeliers and baroque patterned drapes added a touch of class to the empty, red-vinyl-upholstered VIP section. The fractured images of the goliath bartenders were reflected in the broken-mirror tiled wall.
People stood around looking bored, sucking down free drinks, and scarfing the occasional appetizer waved at them by the few roving servers.
"We love Dennis Rodman," said a couple of girls visiting from Israel, who claimed they'd never been to a nightclub before.
Though I'm no sports fan, I'd always found the man an intriguing character. I'd come hoping to get some pithy quotes.
In particular, I wanted to know what else Rodman hoped to accomplish with his diminishing fame. I mean, with Finland's wife-carrying race now checked off his "to do" list, what else was left?
After two drinks and a wasted hour-and-a-half, I think I may have sustained permanent hearing damage (I actually checked my right ear to make sure it wasn't bleeding). Spit flew during attempts at conversation. Finally, I couldn't take it anymore and left before the Worm showed up.
In days that followed, I referred to the new club as "Rodman's shit-crappy hellhole." I hated it so much that I had to go back a second time.
Just to see what it was like on a regular night, I returned the next Wednesday, and the blond brigade had assembled at the end of Voodoo's bar beneath the flickering glass chandeliers. As the DJs spun techno and other danceable music, iridescent mobiles and giant yellow-and-orange orbs over the dance floor along with the LSD-inspired videos on the far wall created a trippy vibe.
"We heard about it on the radio and figured 'free drinks!'" said Emily, a kitchen designer visiting from Pittsburgh with her three girlfriends. In their three days here, they'd caught a Steelers' game at a sports bar, a Polynesian show at Mai-Kai, and were now here for ladies' night.
They all agreed they liked the place. None realized that Rodman had opened a new joint or that it was part of the club. Leading the troops through the thousands of square feet of dance floor, I showed them the new addition. The music was still excruciatingly loud.
"It's hot," declared the blond in the cheetah-print dress but she wasn't channeling Paris Hilton; she was just uncomfortably warm.
Her friends agreed, and they about-faced and returned to Voodoo. I followed their lead because even at 11 p.m., the Rehab was empty. Back in the main bar, one of the male bartenders was getting into uniform by getting out of his shirt. Unlike their male counterparts, all the female staff kept themselves covered though barely. And all, regardless of gender, were frighteningly courteous and gorgeous like a Stepford bar staff.
The blacklights offered the perfect lighting to check out the imperfect hair extensions on another blond who was shifting uncomfortably in her strappy red heels. They also rendered her French pedicure as ten purple-glowing piggies.
"It's very junior high in here," I commented. "All the guys are on one side and all the girls on the other."
"That's because on ladies' night 'Can I buy you a drink?' won't work and they probably can't think of an opener," the blond remarked.
Her brunet friend introduced herself as Sarah, a finance manager, who told me they were both vacationing here from Palm Springs, California.
"My name's Holly," the blond said extending her hand. "Holly Wood."
I looked at her sidewise with an eyebrow raised.
"Really!" she assured.
"Is that your stripper name?" I asked.
"I wish!"
Seemed like a weird aspiration for a woman who is actually a bank manager, but who am I to judge?
"This is the best music in Miami," a guy in a striped polo shirt interjected and then danced off.
And though I hate to be disagreeable, I almost chased after him to point out that we were in Fort Lauderdale and that Justin Timberlake's "Sexy Back" shouldn't qualify as actual music.
I was headed back toward Rehab when I was waylaid by some dope-ass break dancing in the other bar-within-the-bar, Envy, which bills itself as "ultra-white." (Meaning its décor, not clientele.) I watched the dude on the floor become a whirring rotary of arms and legs.


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I will submit payment by (select one): Personal check Credit card (online)
Conference fees include: Registration, Friday night buffet dinner, Saturday and Sunday lunches, Saturday Briley Dinner, and Saturday and Sunday breaks. CONFERENCE FEES ARE NON-REFUNDABLE.
HOTEL RESERVATIONS: Accommodations for the Conference must be made directly to the St. Louis Union Station Hotel, A DoubleTree by Hilton, 1-855-271-3620. Rates are $124 per night (single, double, triple, or quad) plus 15.741% occupancy tax. To receive the special rate, ask for United State Board on Books for Young People rate. Reservations must be made by September 26, 2013 to receive special rate
Note: Please make sure all information above is accurate and complete before submitting your registration. You will not be able to make corrections once the registration is submitted.


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First Day Hike the Hill Country (near Burnet)
Head out on New Year's to see the beauty of Stumpy Hollow, Pecan Flats and more on this two-hour hike.
When |
Jan 01, 2015 from 01:00 PM to 03:00 PM |
Where | Inks Lake State Park |
Contact Name | Sean Jones |
Contact Email | firstname.lastname@example.com |
Contact Phone | (512) 793-4689 |
Join us for a 2.5-mile guided adventure hike led by park rangers. You will see gorgeous Hill Country vistas atop beautiful outcroppings that surround the lake. We will weave through oak forests, climb on rocks and leap over creek beds on our way to see Stumpy Hollow and the huge trees at Pecan Flats. Start a great tradition and get outdoors on the first day of the year. It will be fun for the whole family! Pay the entrance fee (children 12 and under are free) and then meet at the Pecan Flats trailhead right by headquarters. The program is free. Dogs welcome, but must be on a leash.
Wear comfortable shoes and bring water and snacks. Don't forget to dress for the weather!


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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
As you select categories, the number of matching recipes will update.
Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
I live just south of Denver. I work from home for a large corporation doing IT work. I love to cook easy, delicious and simple foods for me, my husband and 11 year old son.
Favorite cookbook right now is American Heart Assoc One-dish meals - everything I've made from this book is great!
Knitting, movies, our two Boston Terriers, cooking when its easy :)
everything except parsnips and anchovies


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Cars > MONKEYWRENCH's Garage
About MONKEYWRENCH's Garage
About me and my passion for cars
I grew up with a wrench in my hand and always was around all types of vehicles. I learned to respect the art and the power vehicles had. I was tought by my father and I will never forget all those moments we shared and still do. He is who to blame it on, sorry dad I did not mean to throw you under the bus like that but my dad use to have all sorts of cars when I was growing up from bigfoot trucks to small vegas with big engines in them. My family also had something to do with it also, they all had toys. Even to this day I still turn wrenches for a hobby, a hobby you say, yep Its the way I get to wind down from a hectic day of work. Some people think I am crazy, I kinda agree with them but I enjoy it.
Its my peace time. Without a doubt, every year I always have a difffrent toy to play with. Its fun. As long as my wife is o.k with it I think I will continue doing it. or at least till I start paying college tuition off for the kids, they are smart kids I am sure they will get scholarships.....haha!
My first car
My first car I should say was a truck. It was a 1972 Ford f-100 2wd shortbox bed. It still had the original powder blue paint job and I remember everytime i would dry it with my chamois some paint would come off. haha!
It had a 351cleveland with posi unit, B&M shifter with mud terrain tires, I think they were 33's, and they would still get smoked.
Car I wish I still had
My 1985 El Camino, I had a 454 with a 350 trans, Man could that thing fly like a bat out of hell. Thats why I got rid of it. I got into trouble real easy with that thing.
My dream car
My dream car (s) would be a 1969 PONTIAC GTO JUDGE. With the rumble option, and for those of you who dont know, do your homework. It was a cool option to have back in the day. Of course it would be carousel red with black interior, ram air option with the his and hers shifter,wing, dual exhaust, and I can go on and on and on and I would like to have a 49 mercury led sled. flat black with thick white wall tires and red wheels.
Car clubs I'm in
none sorry. I am kinda of a loaner.
- Type of racing: anything with wheels, not kidding.
- Driver: to many to list. but the important one is me.haha.
- Driving song: depends on what I am racing, I like nine inch nails.
- Car movie: the original gone in 60 seconds and vanishing point, dazed and confused,too many.
- Car book: how to books on engine building and performance.
- Car magazine: I subscribe to 5 already but I like them free performance catalogs
- Car game: I spy.
— Profile last updated: Oct 2, 2008
Date Joined | Sep 10, 2008 |
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Parts | 1 for sale |
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The Darby Translation (DBY) | New International Version (NIV) |
34 If thy people go out to battle against their enemies by the way that thou shalt send them, and they pray unto thee toward this city that thou hast chosen, and the house that I have built unto thy name; | 34 "When your people go to war against their enemies, wherever you send them, and when they pray to you toward this city you have chosen and the temple I have built for your Name, |
The Darby Translation is in the public domain. (The Darby Translation Bible Online) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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Health Care Reform Resource Center
No senior should ever have to worry about not being able to afford the prescription drugs they need to stay healthy. So I worked hard to make sure that the recent health care reform legislation signed by President Obama on Ma...
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Closing the Medicare Donut Hole
In 2010, as the Affordable Care Act, I helped lead the successful fight to end the Medicare Part D prescription drug "donut hole" which left thousands of Washington state seniors paying the total cost of their pre...
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Financial Education
Thank you so much for visiting this site, and for your interest in financial education. I am currently working to pass major legislation that will ramp up financial and economic education efforts for students and adults.
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Education: Share Your Ideas and Stories
As a mother, a former pre-school teacher and school board member, and a United States Senator, I feel very strongly that we need an education system that works well for our...
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Net Neutrality
As the Federal Communications Commission considers new rulemaking on Net Neutrality, Senator Murray believes it is critical that the FCC enact rules giving full force and effect to a free and open Internet.
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Payroll Tax Cut and Washington Families
The median Washington family has a yearly income of $56,479. Under the current 2% payroll tax cut, set to expire at the end of the year, that family is saving approximately $1,130 per year on their tax bill. If the current ta...
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Summer Hunger
During the school year, low-income children have the opportunity to receive free or reduced-priced meals at school. However, millions of these same children go hungry during summer break.
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The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) has successfully helped provide life-saving assistance to hundreds of thousands of women and families since it was first passed into law in 1994.
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WIOA is bipartisan, bicameral legislation that will improve our nation's workforce development system and help put Americans back to work. Now more than ever, effective education and workforce development opportunities ...
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A skilled, prepared workforce in our nation is more critical than ever before as we strive to compete in an increasingly global and dynamic economy.
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Phone: (253) 572-3636
Fax: (253) 572-9488


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Careers in Academia
Are you looking for a career that provides intellectual stimulation and rigor? A career that allows you to pursue your own intellectual interests and research projects? One that puts you in contact with smart, engaging colleagues and students? A career that offers you a wide degree of flexibility and autonomy? One that pays you to read, talk, and think? Law teaching could be the career for you.
A Berkeley Law degree will give you a wide array of options, from public interest advocacy to corporate law firms, and everything in between. But Berkeley Law will also prepare you to enter one of the most competitive career paths in law -- teaching.


text:
- Rumor has it Rob Kardashian will check into rehab soon. According to InTouch, Rob is looking at Bridges To Recovery in Beverly Hills to receive treatment for depression and addictions to pills, alcohol and food. [RadarOnline]
- "Orange Is the New Black" creator Jenji Kohan revealed that Katie Holmes was seriously considered for the role of Piper Chapman. [New York Post]
- George Clooney and Amal Alamuddin picked up their marriage licenses! [People]
- Catelynn Lowell from "Teen Mom" confirmed she is pregnant again. On "16 & Pregnant," Catelynn and her longtime boyfriend Tyler Baltierra gave their first child up for adoption. The couple is reportedly planning to raise this baby themselves. [US Weekly] Keep reading »
Zergnet: Simply Irresistible
- Popular


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Reviewed Tuna Nicoise Salad with Parmesan
Mar 30, 2013 in Food Network Community Toolbox on FoodNetwork.com
"In the past I have had bad luck with food network recipes. For whatever reason they rarely turn out as tasty as they seem when I pick them. This time I feel like I hit the jackpot! This salad was spectacular! I used a fresh tuna steak and rubbed it with lemon, pepper and salt and oregano and then grilled it to medium rare. I also roasted the potat""
Reviewed Fried Chicken
Feb 2, 2011 in Food Network Community Toolbox on FoodNetwork.com
"Recipe: 3 stars. Video: 5 stars. Food results: 5 stars.
WHAT I USED: Crisco Shortening @ 350*, Alton's seasoning with 1 tblsp iodized salt instead of 2 tbsp kosher salt and kroger brand paprika, 3 boneless skinless chicken breasts in LF buttermilk for 3 hours, AP Flour, cast iron skillet.
I'm giving this 4 stars because the..."


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verb \ˈspriŋ-kəl\: to drop or spread small pieces or amounts of something over something
: to put small drops of liquid on (someone or something)
: to rain lightly
sprin·kledsprin·kling \-k(ə-)liŋ\
Full Definition of SPRINKLE
transitive verb
: to scatter in drops or particles
a : to scatter over b : to scatter at intervals in or among : dot <sprinkled the speech with quips> c : to wet lightly
intransitive verb
: to scatter a liquid in fine drops
: to rain lightly in scattered drops
— sprin·kler \-k(ə-)lər\ noun
Examples of SPRINKLE
- He sprinkled water on the plants.
- I sprinkled grass seed over the soil.
- She sprinkled the clothes before ironing them.
- "Is it raining?" "It's just sprinkling a little."
Origin of SPRINKLE
Middle English sprenklen, sprinclen; akin to Middle High German spreckel, sprenkel spot
First Known Use: 14th century
noun: a light rain
: a small amount that is sprinkled on something
sprinkles : tiny candies that are put on top of a sweet food (such as ice cream)
Full Definition of SPRINKLE
: the act or an instance of sprinkling; especially : a light rain
plural : small particles of candy used as a topping (as on ice cream) : jimmies
Examples of SPRINKLE
- It rained last night, but it was just a sprinkle.
- She topped the pasta with a sprinkle of parsley.
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New Living Translation (NLT) | New International Version (NIV) |
22 It is God who sits above the circle of the earth. The people below must seem to him like grasshoppers! He is the one who spreads out the heavens like a curtain and makes his tent from them. | 22 He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth, and its people are like grasshoppers. He stretches out the heavens like a canopy, and spreads them out like a tent to live in. |
Scripture quotations marked NLT are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright 1996. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Wheaton, Illinois 60189. All rights reserved. (New Living Translation - The Bible Online) | Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online) |


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... to become only the 4th player in history to reach 180 hits/130 walks in a single season. The other three were Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig and Ted Williams.
My apologies if this was already posted.
... to become only the 4th player in history to reach 180 hits/130 walks in a single season. The other three were Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig and Ted Williams.
My apologies if this was already posted.
"I talked to an advance scout that told me if Joey Votto and Albert Pujols were on the same team he'd advise his team to do the unthinkable...pitch around Votto to get to Pujols." - Buster Olney, ESPN
*BaseClogger* (09-27-2013), 1940757690 (09-27-2013), AccuRater (09-28-2013), AtomicDumpling (09-27-2013), BillDoran (09-28-2013), Billy Hamilton's Legs (09-27-2013), Caveman Techie (09-27-2013), cincrazy (09-27-2013), dubc47834 (09-27-2013), Falcon7 (09-27-2013), Fil3232 (09-27-2013), goreds2 (09-27-2013), HeatherC1212 (09-27-2013), HokieRed (09-27-2013), Homer Bailey (09-27-2013), JB12 (09-27-2013), joshua (09-27-2013), kbrake (09-27-2013), Kc61 (09-27-2013), Krawhitham (09-27-2013), mdccclxix (09-27-2013), MillerTime58 (09-27-2013), OnBaseMachine (09-27-2013), RedFanAlways1966 (09-27-2013), texasdave (09-27-2013)
Pretty good company.
Rounding third and heading for home...
That would be awesome! That is some elite company!
But Iwould much prefer that he gets one key hit, like a 2 out double in the 8th that plates 2 runs giving the Reds a run lead, and then Chappy shuts them down to secure a Home game on TUES. night.
Of course he can do that after already having 5 or more hits.
"I talked to an advance scout that told me if Joey Votto and Albert Pujols were on the same team he'd advise his team to do the unthinkable...pitch around Votto to get to Pujols." - Buster Olney, ESPN
And the first to do it without collecting 100 RBI.
The widow is gathering nettles for her children's dinner; a perfumed seigneur, delicately lounging in the Oeil de Boeuf, hath an alchemy whereby he will extract the third nettle and call it rent. ~ Carlyle
Not that obscure IMO. It shows me:
(1) pitchers are afraid to throw strikes to Votto.
(2) Votto has a good eye.
(3) when they do throw strikes, he gets hits.
(4) Votto is a rare treat and all REDS fans should be thankful to have him.
(5) team MVP to any position player not named Votto is foolish.
Ruth, Gehrig, Williams. Ruth, Gehrig, Williams. WOW!
Small market fan... always hoping, but never expecting.
AtomicDumpling (09-27-2013), Caveman Techie (09-27-2013), dubc47834 (09-27-2013), HeatherC1212 (09-27-2013), Homer Bailey (09-27-2013), Larkin Fan (09-27-2013), mth123 (09-28-2013), Raisor (09-27-2013)
Sample Season when those other three pulled the 180/130:
Ruth 1921: .378-59-171 RBI
Gehrig 1936 .354-49-152 RBI
Ted Williams: 1949 .343-43-153 RBI
Votto: .304-24-73.
Enough said.
What is obscure about walks and hits?
AtomicDumpling (09-27-2013), BillDoran (09-28-2013), CySeymour (09-27-2013), New York Red (09-27-2013), Raisor (09-27-2013)
I know that I am not simple-minded enough to look at the above data and mock Joey Votto. Of course mocking Votto when comparing him to three guys that may well be in the top 5 position players of all time is really dumb. Enough said.
If only RZ held it's members to such lofty posting standards. Might not be any of us left (except Raisor).
Small market fan... always hoping, but never expecting.
alwaysawarrior (09-27-2013), AtomicDumpling (09-27-2013), Billy Hamilton's Legs (09-27-2013), dubc47834 (09-27-2013), New York Red (09-27-2013), redsrule2500 (09-27-2013)
I find it a really interesting stat. Thanks for posting it, NYRed. Would that we had a couple more non-RBI producers like Joey.
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Electrical contractors increasingly perform scheduled or preventative maintenance of commercial, institutional and industrial buildings. READ MORE
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Before you can begin to design a fiber optic cable plant, you need to establish with the end-user or network owner where the network will be built and which communications si READ MORE
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Article 110 Requirements for Electrical Installations; Article 210 Branch Circuits; Article 225 Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders; Article 250 Grounding and Bonding; Article READ MORE
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Welcome to Smogon! Check out the Smogon Starters Hangout for everything you need to know about starting out in the community. Don't forget to introduce yourself in the Introduction and Hangout Thread, too!
Welcome to Smogon Forums! Please take a minute to read the rules.
Characteristics of a Desirable Mafia Game
Discussion in 'Office of Strategic Influence' started by Staraptor Call, Jun 8, 2011.


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Main Content
THIS IS A MANUFACTURER DIRECT ITEM. THIS ITEM SHIPS ON OR BEFORE Tuesday, February 3 rd
This framed collectible features a four-color-photograph collage and laser-cut Hawkeyes logo art. It is officially licensed by the CLC and the University of Iowa. Each collectible features double matting inside a black wood frame. It measuring 12" x 14" x 1" and comes ready to hang in your home or office.
- Double-matted
- Fanatics Authentic Presented by Mounted Memories
- Four photo collage
- Framed in wood
- Officially licensed collegiate product
- Team logo
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game
or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are
received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items
are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite
number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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Online book stores are doing roaring business catering to the youth
The thing about the era is that the market in collusion with changing technology appropriates what one reads or writes.
As it further alienates serious literature and academic discourse from the masses, it has fortuitously given rise to a democratisation of the whole process of reading and writing, redefining the identities of the author and the reader. Only, a vast majority of today's readers/writers are scrawlers/skimmers, bent on salvaging their social relevance by the 'letter'.
If anything, the globalised world has witnessed a staggered migration of readers from the once-hallowed libraries to online bookstores, e-libraries, online magazines, e-readers and tablets.
While escalating book sales figures need not necessarily point to a growth in readership or a trend as to what readers lap up, a certain inclination of the city reader is always palpable from these market charts.
Evidently, the city's careerist and employable youth fall for light fiction churned out by the likes of Chetan Bhagat or Ranvir Pal Singh.
There's a whole new category called 'metro reads', tailor-made for metro teens, says V.V. Madhu, Senior Sales Manager, Penguin India.
Self-help books and those dwelling on emerging market trends have takers aplenty. Serious non-fiction books, like those on international polity, defence strategies or social anthropology, are doing just about average. Interestingly, the resurgent book market falls back heavily on the glitz and style of new-age children's books, which go off stands like hotcakes.
Market observers hint at a declining interest in Harry Potter, as it has been amply substituted by the Percy Jackson series and the Wimpy Kid series.
There's still a miniscule minority plodding along with time-tested classics and renowned Indian authors. "Online purchase of books spurred by the availability of a variety of titles, heavy discounts and buyer's convenience is a trend that has come to stay," maintains Mr. Madhu.
Tom J. Mangatt, chief executive officer of www.indulekha.biz, an online book store, categorically states that every book, irrespective of its author, content or popularity, has a buyer.
"Online buyers straddle all varieties. Still, books that are talked about in online forums are the most sought-after. Benyamin's 'Adujeevitham' (Goat life), to name one such. Blogging, tweeting, Facebook discussions and online book-buying are all interlinked. While seasoned authors like M.T. Vasudevan Nair continue to hold sway over generations of readers, online buying shows a fluctuating trend. On an average, however, 5,000 books are sold by us every month," he says.
The profile of online book buyers is equally intriguing. Professionals, well-employed youth, college students, civil servants, journalists, IT employees and diasporic population prefer buying books on the Internet. While some surf in random, there are those who doggedly browse for an obscure book of their fervent choice, adds Mr. Mangatt.
The urban middle-class youth, points out Tomy Antony, Regional Manager of DC Books, have no doubt settled for light fiction. There is considerable demand for select biographies too, like Walter Issacson's biography of Steve Jobs. Indications are that there is a new-found interest among people in popular science and tomes dissecting the human brain and memory. Neo-spiritual books and children's comics also do well. Every passing year sees a 50 per cent increase in the sale of books over the previous year," he says.
Besides online stores like indulekha.biz or puzha.com selling popular Malayalam titles, the Internet is the abode of communes like the Book Republic, a collective of booklovers who publish and distribute books mostly from blogs.
Their third volume, an anthology of poems by Jyonavan, a popular blogger who died prematurely, has been announced now.
Like bloggers with constant followership, online magazines also boast a permanent and dedicated readership.
Technology plays a key role in fashioning readers' taste, as indicated by the growing sale of tablets pre-loaded with e-readers and i-books.
"With the price of tablets hovering around Rs 7,000, they have come to dominate the digital market. The State sells about 1,000 tablets every month and the figures are set to skyrocket in the next few months," says a digital shop owner.
Keywords: Technology, online book store, e-books, tablets, readership


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SBI Online application : SBI PO Online Registration Window Opened now at www.sbi.co.in & http://ibpsreg.sifyitest.com/sbipojan13/ for recruitment of 1500 vacancies.Eligible applicants must apply online from 30th January 2013 to 23rd February 2013.Click here for the procedure to fill the online application for SBI PO Recruitment 2013
How to submit SBI online application form for PO Recruitment 2013?
1. Log in to SBI online official website www.sbi.co.in then follow Recruitment >Click here to apply online (see the above figure).
2. Or Directly go through the link of SBI PO Online application form 2013 at http://ibpsreg.sifyitest.com/sbipojan13/.
3. Fill your Personal and education qualification details
4. Before applying online a candidate will be required to have a scanned (digital) image of his/her photograph and signature.
5. Select the fee payment option from Online and offline mode options
6. If you select the fee payment option in offline mode through CBS Challan form,then download the SBI PO Challan
7. If you select the fee payment option in online mode,then pay the fee through Debit card/Credit card/ Net banking etc.
8.Finally note down Registration number and password to download SBI PO Hall ticket/call letter to appear the exam on the 28th of April 2013.
Click here for SBI PO Online application form 2013


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Friday Caption Contest (Kill Strategy Edition)
This week the winner will receive a copy of the new Toryboy the Movie DVD, hitting the shelves in October.
The film that exposed Sir Stuart Bell's lazy life in Paris is a must-watch for any fans of the Thick of It. The likes of Jesse Norman, Ron Halfon and Lord Ashcroft found it hilarious, so don't miss out on your chance to win.
Usual rules apply…


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Paranormal Activity
Filled with plenty first-person shots, Blair Witch-style, Paranormal Activity ($17-$38) is a surprisingly spooky indie thriller. It lets the viewer join in on the fun as a couple records increasingly intense supernatural phenomena inside their home using nothing but their trusty camcorder. Although the special effects aren't exactly big-budget, and the long takes aren't for everyone, Paranormal is sure to delight fans of the genre seeking a respite from sugary holiday programming.


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Services for Leta B Herbert Sanders, 99, of Carrollton were at 11 a.m. on Monday, January 6, 2014, at the Carrollton United Methodist Church in Carrollton, with interment at Evergreen Cemetery in North Carrollton. Visitation was at the church on Monday from 10 a.m. until the service time.
Mrs. Sanders, dearly loved by family and friends, left for her heavenly home Friday, January 3, 2014.
Born September 13, 1914, in Elliot to John Wade and Chase Allah Ashmore Herbert, she was the third of six children. Early in her childhood the family moved to the Little Texas community of Carroll County where she attended Calvary School. Later she attended and graduated in 1934 from Binford High School in Duck Hill. She was a graduate of Holmes Jr. College, where she was a basketball and track star.
In 1937, on February 14, she married Harry Sanders of Carrollton. They established a grocery business in Carrollton in 1939 and in 1944 moved their business to North Carrollton, where she continued to work until her retirement in 2010 at age 95.
Mrs. Sanders was a longtime member of the Eastern Star and the United Daughters of the Confederacy. She held numerous positions in both organizations and traveled extensively with the Eastern Star.
She was preceded in death by her parents; her husband, Harry Sanders; and siblings, William Holliman, Rainey Herbert, Pauline Herbert Taylor, Cecil Herbert and James Clyde Herbert. She is survived by her children, Harry Herbert Sanders and Jo Leta Sanders Carpenter, both of Carrollton, and grandchildren David Carpenter, Renee' Carpenter Gammill, Lisa Sanders Shook, Ken Sanders, Karen Sanders Mitchell, Tara Sanders Dunn, ten great grandchildren and four great-great grandchildren.
Pallbearers were David Carpenter, Ken Sanders, Clark Sanders, Grant Gammill, Trey Dunn, Jeff Shook, and Colby Mitchell.
Memorials may be made to Carrollton United Methodist Church or a charity of the donor's choice.
Lee Funeral Home in Winona handled the arrangements. An online guestbook is available at www.ofhwinona.com.


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A tale of two captains
By Traci Chapman
"I have been incredibly lucky, it's been a blessing to work with these guys, with this family," says Dylan Ross.
Those words marked the end of a 25-year career with Mustang Fire Department. Ross, who loved his job and his fellow firefighters, hated being in the spotlight, even as he was celebrated upon his retirement, Mustang Fire Chief Carl Hickman said.
"Dylan's been a huge asset to this department for a long time," the chief said. "He's a hard act to follow.
"We basically had to trick him to get him to be recognized as he really deserves," Hickman said.
The man selected to take on that task was Andy Willrath, the department's newest captain. Five firefighters were eligible to test for the captain's position, and three went through the process, Hickman said. Willrath earned the promotion after a selection process that included testing, skill assessments and even a simulated media briefing.
"It's an exciting time, and I'm really looking forward to the challenge," he said.
The "changing of the guard" was official last week, as Ross' fellow firefighters said goodbye to their longtime colleague and Willrath was officially pinned in his new position. It was a time for everyone to look ahead – and back – at how the department has changed over the years, Hickman said.
"We've certainly grown and we've seen a lot of changes," he said.
Willrath joined the department in 1995 as a volunteer while working at United Parcel Service. He went full time in 2003 and was made lieutenant in 2009. Since becoming a Mustang firefighter, Willrath has become well-known in the community as one of the leaders in efforts like Santa's Toy Shoppe, as well as the department's school fire safety program, among others.
"Andy was the one who came out on top," the chief said. "I have the fullest confidence that he'll do us a good job."
"No one could love or appreciate a job more," Willrath said. "I'm the luckiest guy I know."


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Sat, Jun 22, 02 at 13:24
I want to start getting together a list of addresses so I can host an annual plant swap at our log home model next spring. Please send me your address if you are interested. We are about an hour from the twin cities metro area off I-94. Real easy to find. I want to meet new gardening friends.
Thanks Janet |
Follow-Up Postings:
HI Janet, My friend lives in Lino Lakes near the twin cities. I have told her about this site, but I don't think she has checked it out yet. I'll email her your message to see what she if up to. Karalyn |
- Posted by playdirt z4 MN (firstname.lastname@example.com) on Fri, Jun 28, 02 at 23:37
I am in Rochester--I would come if told early/ cathy |
Hey I'm in MN too..SW corner of the state!! I am TRYING to get my garden so it has that.."ah" feeling to it. Right now, it's just "blah"!! |
Hi, Janet I sent you my address; looking forward to the spring plant swap! Rebecca |
- Posted by Elephantear z5IA (My Page) on Thu, Aug 8, 02 at 8:43
North or South of the cities you didn't say? We have a cabin right on the NE corner of Ia/Min I could be interested, depending on distance that is if you are closer to the border of IA. Thanks Wendy |
- Posted by garden_gloves Z4 WI (My Page) on Thu, Aug 8, 02 at 23:00
I'm in the LaCrosse, WI area. Lmk. Kristy |
Hi, all! You might want to check out the Get-Together at Arboretum in Mpls, MN thread on this forum for an event in Sept. Hope you can make it! |
- Posted by Roxannejbrown zone 3/4 (email@example.com) on Mon, Feb 24, 03 at 14:50
I'm near St. Cloud. Are you north or south of the Twin Cities? Medicnal herbs is my focus and I am going into heirloom veggies. Roxanne |
- Posted by Rachel_WI_5 z5WI (My Page) on Thu, Mar 6, 03 at 11:35
Hello, I am on the East Coast of Wisconsin, but I would travel if a swap was at the right time. For you who are interested in herbs, I have a lot of different herbs and usually have lots potted for trading. |
Hi, SandiBluff is having one near Lacross on May 31st(see her post) It would be real cool if I could hit two of them that weekend. |
- Posted by leaveswave (My Page) on Fri, Mar 14, 03 at 7:58
Spring is just around the corner! I can just tell it is! Janet, are you still planning on holding this event? I want to get it on my calendar before I schedule something else and have to miss the fun... |
- Posted by SandiBluffs z4 WI (My Page) on Fri, Mar 14, 03 at 9:31
YES, YES, YES!!! Rachel WI 5 Bring those herbs! We, in western WI, need a variety of herbs. I have several already, due to the spring herb fair each year in Mequon. Can't have too many. Gotta love it. Bring them on! :) SandiBluffs |
- Posted by lynnsherbs 4 Minnesota (My Page) on Fri, Sep 12, 03 at 10:18
Sorry, I just read this post! I'm really late - but really interested in next year, please keep me in mind. Lynn |
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MVNYou Visit Day 2014-2015
Juniors and seniors, trying to decide which college is best for you? Attend our MVNYou Visit Day and get the answers you need to really understand the MVNU Experience. Click on the link above to register for your MVNYou Visit Day! We hope to see you on campus soon.
Take the time and get to know us. We think you will feel right at home.
Visit Days:
Pre-Registration is Required for ALL Campus Events
If you have any further questions please call the Enrollment Events office at 1-866-462-MVNU option #8.
Tentative schedule for MVNYou Visit Days:
- 8:30am: Registration
- 9:30am: Welcome
- 10:20am: Chapel
- 11:45am: Lunch (You will be seated with a professor in the academic area chosen on your registration sheet)
- 12:30pm:
- Financial Aid
- Student Life Panel
- Career Services
- 2:15pm: Academic Experience (small group meeting with Faculty)
- 3:00-4:30pm: Individual Session Options
You will have the opportunity to sign up to:
- Visit a class!
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You'll never catch me writing a "bucket list," because that would force me to contemplate my own mortality. Yikes. No thanks.
However, if I did have a bucket list, it would have "Epic Hockey Road Trip" on it, pretty high up. And it would have a check next to it because, dude… I just did that.
Okay, to call it "epic" might be a stretch, but my hockey road trip was a pretty good go at it for someone with a full-time job that doesn't involve being a hockey scout or beat writer.
For 9 days, Mr. Conduct and I traveled to games all around the Rust Belt, starting and ending in Cleveland, and saw a hockey game every night*.
*Except for Monday. Stupid worthless Monday where there wasn't even any hockey on TV – IN CANADA! – and no free wi-fi at the hotel to access my SlingBox. So, we watched the Hamilton Kiwanis Club TV Bingo instead. Riveting stuff. Congrats to Paul, Betsy, and Suzanne on your wins!
Eight games, across the NHL, AHL, and OHL, in barns as new as Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh to the 60 year old War Memorial Arena in Syracuse. We covered 1,853 miles in those 9 days and crossed the border 5 times in 4 different places. (I'm pretty sure someone wearing dark sun glasses and an earpiece is holding a list with our names on it.)
So, without further ado, join me for part one of a HoweverLongICanMilkThis-part series looking back at my Somewhat Epic Hockey Road Trip:
Why the American Hockey League is So Freaking Loveable
I'm not about to argue that the AHL is better than the NHL. I love lots of comments but not ones telling me what a dumbass I am.
However, I'm not entirely convinced the NHL is the most fun or the most satisfying as a die hard fan.
As we traveled around, going to 4 NHL, 3 AHL, and 1 OHL game, I left all those games with the overwhelming feeling that while I love all kinds of hockey, the AHL is the heart and soul of the pro game for me.
The AHL is where I cut my teeth as a hockey fan and writer and frankly, it's where I get the vast majority of my warm fuzzies as a hockey fan.
Plus, if I hadn't been in an AHL market, I never would have seen Aaron Voros' ass. These are important considerations.
Here are a few more:
The Fans
AHL fans are just happy you're a fellow AHL fan. I've been booed in Boston and stink-eyed in Detroit (probably shouldn't have screamed "SUCK IT, DETROIT!" when the Wild beat them in OT last week), but in visiting AHL barns, it's just nice to see another fan who cares enough to travel with the team.
The Players
I roll into these AHL towns, Cleveland, Syracuse, Hamilton, and I try to put myself in the shoes of these players arriving for the first time.
Lemme tell ya… Binghamton, NY is a far cry from Ottawa. The same can be said of many AHL cities relative to their parent clubs. I won't name names *cough*Hamilton*cough*, just take my word that it can be pretty grim.
But the players… they carry on. They carry on because they have a dream of being in (or back in) the show. They carry on because their career is fading but they love the game and still have something left to give.
My favorite guys are the career AHLers. The captains, the journeymen, the guys who are generally in a new place every year or every two years and are off the NHL radar.
These guys bring up the prospects, show them how to be pros, provide the glue that holds the team together while the younger prospects climb up and down the ladder, fighting for that rung that launches them up to the parent club for good.
There is some glory in it, but it's a homespun kind of glory that isn't going to get you on ESPN. But it might inspire a kid like Tyler Myers to take up hockey or some 30 year-old woman to become a hockey writer and a beer league goalie.
The Environment
The AHL is intimate. Most teams aren't packing the house every night, or even most nights, so you get to know the die-hards and the characters who make up the fan base.
And as I've been learning, both from this trip and many other AHL arena visits, the variety of experiences in the AHL lend to its charm.
Sure, Joe Lewis Arena in Detroit is way different from Staples Center, but in general, the NHL experience is pretty homogenized.
The AHL, though, is a little more "box of chocolates" in just about every way. The buildings are all vastly different from town to town, the crowds all have a different energy, the talent levels vary depending on the financial state of the organization.
Sometimes, I get the sense that people who don't follow the league envision the AHL as sort of this mysterious black box that players of their NHL team disappear to occasionally.
The truth is, AHL fans are as passionate and probably work harder as fans than most NHL fans. Information isn't as readily available, so almost out of necessity, relationships are cultivated that keep information about the team flowing and that inherently bonds the hockey community together.
The bottom line is that the AHL just feels like home. It's imperfect, occasionally dysfunctional, but full of warmth and mutual passion.
It's where I learned to love the game. It's where I got my chance to write about the game, and it's where I became inspired to play the game myself.
It's where players become something other than a scouting report and prove themselves both on and off the ice.
The AHL is where a lot of unheralded magic happens, and for me, there is nothing minor league about that.