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Our relationship with bed bugs is intimate. They share our beds, they feed on our blood at night, and they disappear by dawn, often leaving nothing more than a raised welt on our skin, a token of last night's encounter.
Therein lies the problem—their cryptic nature makes detection and control very difficult.
Bed bugs don't fly or jump. We are solely responsible for their spread.
Bed bugs are flat, so they can hide in cracks and crevices—their harborages—where you sleep. They have grappling hooks at the end of their feet, enabling them to navigate the geography of your bed and body.
Small, flat, flightless bugs? So why is it so hard to prevent and control them?
There is more to solving the problem than you would expect. There is a disparity between the extremely negative and almost phobic public perception of bed bugs and the industry's response. Why don't we have better control strategies?
First, let's look at efforts to control bed bugs through insecticides. Studies from the University of Kentucky have found widespread resistance to pyrethroids, a commonly used insecticide class, in bed bugs across the United States. That means we need new chemistries and modes of action to avoid problems with resistance. But it's easier to tweak existing chemical architecture than to design novel chemistries.
That's why we don't see new insecticides: the investment is too great, the risk too high, and the time-to-market too long.
Insecticide toxicity is another concern. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) documented 111 cases of bed bug-related insecticide misuse from 2003 to 2010. These illnesses were the result of excessive insecticide application. In one fatal case, the husband of a woman suffering from hypertension and depression applied a lawn-and-garden insect killer to their mattress and box springs, followed by nine cans of an insecticide fogger in the same day. Two days later, they reapplied insecticide to the bedroom and nine MORE cans in the house. On that day, the woman also applied insecticide to her arms, chest, and hair. She died 11 days later.
Heat treatment is another, less toxic option for controlling bed bugs. Heat treatment is basically "cooking" a room or furniture with steam or air heated to 120oF to 140oF for up to 4 hours. While heat treatment is effective at killing bed bugs in a room, it might also force bed bugs to migrate into adjacent rooms. Heat treatment can be expensive —up to $1,000 per treatment—and has no residual activity (that means it kills whatever is there at the moment but will not prevent a re-infestation.) Heat treatment can also melt candles, warp CDs, and kill your houseplants.
A third control option is a very fine, silica-rich dust that's used as an abrasive in toothpaste, an absorbent in cat litter, and a binding agent in dynamite. Diatomaceous earth, or DE, as it's also called, is an effective insecticide for bed bugs and other domestic pests. The silica absorbs and abrades the wax layer on an insect's exoskeleton, and the insect dies of dehydration. However, DE leaves obvious white dust, advertising that you have a pest problem, and it could take weeks to kill an infestation.
Even with these three different control strategies (toxic chemicals, heat, or silica dust), infestation rates are rising.
Why is this the case?
Pesticides used to treat infestations of pests that carry diseases harmful to humans only account for less than 2% of global pesticide sales. And bed bugs aren't vectors!
Because bed bugs make up such a small share of the overall market for pesticides, and they don't qualify for vector biology funding by the NIH, there's not much financial incentive to control them.
Until earlier this year, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) provided funding for housing authorities to control bed bugs. That program has been eliminated, and local housing authorities need to creatively budget for bed bug control within existing funds.
But bed bugs incur hidden costs. Most cities prohibit the disposal of infested furniture in those regular green dumpsters we're familiar with. Furniture can only be discarded in a special municipal or construction dumpster, which costs thousands more to purchase, register, and maintain. If an apartment complex can't afford a construction dumpster, then tenants may discard the infested furniture on the street where—no surprise—someone else will pick it up and start a new infestation.
Remember, bed bugs don't fly or jump. We are their vectors.
Problems and misconceptions with pesticides, expensive treatments, and funding bottlenecks at the federal level reveal that there's more to the bed bug problem than meets the eye — or the mattress.
Finally, our understanding of bed bug biology is about 50 years behind our understanding of mosquito biology, so we really need to catch up. At SRI, researchers are working on improving infestation detection. Once we detect them, we still need sustainable control strategies that are targeted, effective, and nontoxic to other organisms. We have a long way to go, and like so many other aspects of this insect, details remain cryptic.
29 Comments
Subscribe to commentsphilmarz
I am from the Philippines. When i was a young boy, some of the bedbugs were brought from the movie houses which were very popular then. Our way of fighting bedbugs were: 1. Goats: the smell of the goats, i think are very offensive to the bedbugs, they just vanished. 2. Leftover jack fruit: after eating, we wipe it on our wooden benches. 3 Sunlight to expose your bedding, furniture to the sun if possible, the whole day, full of sunshine. Try those that are applicable to you. Thank you.
Bed bugs also crawl and get into places on their own. A problem in multifamily housing, for example. Regarding tarsal claws, there is also the fossula spongiosa on distal tibial surface. Many reduviids, for example, have highly modified one; not all cimicids possess the structure. See movies on YouTube under lougentpix site and see how engorged males climb up glass.
'The Bed Bug Survival Guide' has probably the best advice on how to avoid bed bugs and get rid of them.
Great article! It was supposed to be about how to control bed bugs; yet, it articulates all the methods that don't work opposed to what does work. Just Great! Keep up the great work.
In communicating with the non-specialist public, please avoid such jargon as "vectors." I assume you mean "transporters." If bedbugs find the diatom powders you mention to be repulsive because of their dehydrating effect, perhaps an inexpensive low-tech alternative might be the menthol body and foot powders sold in dollar stores. If an abrasive effect is the missing key to penetrating the insect's protective wax layer, use some ingenuity.
why do people not air their beds with the covers thrown off.
why do they not put the bedding on the washing line or
over the balcony like they do abroad. Open the windows
air the mattress. I wonder if this would make a difference.
we found that buying a small steam cleaning machine, now much more widely available for the domestic market , and steaming with some pressure all the possible hiding places,then sealing and closing as many possible hiding places as possible with silicone,or acrylic sealer and at the same time using bug spray, but not in ridiculous quantities about every few weeks on a mission really helped the problem... eliminating the hiding places, cracks between wooden beds ,the joints where wood meets wood and regular steam cleaning is the key. sealing between floor boards, or where the skirting board meets the floor,. check behind light fixtures and plug sockets on the wall (obviously dont steam these areas).. things like that they love dark cracks even 1 mm is enough ,seal up everything.. its a mission but works.. i think that steam , its like 100ºc, more or less, helps kill the eggs... if you see litte black spots like the size of these ....... ..... ..... this is the faeces a good clue that they have a hiding place near by... good luck be vigalent.. dont let your guard down and you can sort it out... can't ever say 100 % i think but you can get close and thats enough.. dont give tham places to hide num
Robert Mierisch
STEAM, STEAM and STEAM. A small device the size of a steam iron will kill bed bugs in crevices of mattresses and skirting board areas. Live steam kills them in less than one second. Follow up with Diatomaceous earth seems a good idea.
Use a caulking gun to fill as many crevices as possible around the affected rooms and adjacent areas. Then when you repeat the treatment, some days later, you will eliminate all bed bugs.
Remember to treat all bedding, clothes, shoes and bags before you bring them into your house. Treat any library books, new books and old books by placing them in plastic bags and then into the freezer overnight. This works for almost all bugs if your freezer works well, colder than minus 15C (5F).
There are 2 choices. The first choice is to kill some bed bugs but feed survived bed bugs with your blood and let them lay up to 300 eggs per bug. The killing vs. laying egg competition may never end. All of well known DIY methods encourage you selecting this choice.
The second choice is not killing and not feeding bed bugs by sleeping on center of a bed sized bed bug trap. Not killing means you easy job is to sleep as a lure. Not feeding means no more bite forever. You may click "Show more" in the video to know how to prove by yourself that bed bugs starve within 3 months (average 6 weeks) and why it is a misleading that bed bugs can live for one year and why you can solve bed bug problem immediately no matter how many bed bugs in your room now.
The first choice fails if you kill 99% bed bugs after your hard work. The second choice immediately succeeds even it traps 0% bed bugs after your one-time effort. That is the efficiency difference. Don't be misled that it is difficult to get rid of bed bugs.
Has anyone tried freezing the critters? If it works, a mattress could be placed in cold storage to kill them.
Or, maybe the bugs go into hibernation when they get cold. I think it is worth a look.
Robert Burke
The article does not appear to state what if any diseases are carried by bed bugs. "They share our beds, they feed on our blood at night, and they disappear by dawn, often leaving nothing more than a raised welt on our skin, a token of last night's encounter."
A bite and a welt, presumably itchy, are annoying. One every now and then is tolerable, and one every night would call for doing something. Are there any more serious results of a bed bug bite?
Satheesan Kunnummel
I have experienced bed bug infestation when I was a kid. These bugs are nasty. They leave a trail behind on the bed and sheets and smells nasty. We did many things to get rid off them with no success. Finally my dad sprayed every nook,corner,cracks and gaps with some pesticide that took care of it. It was a big job. I can't believe we don't have a simpler solution to deal with this problem in this age. Obviously there isn't much money in it in the long run. So nobody is ready invest money to come up with a solution
I was just reading an article about a local University finding bed bugs in their library books. They ended up freezing the books which of course took care of the problem. But it goes to show that bed bugs will travel long distances and can end up just about anywhere.
Annette Grimm
Great reading! We should eliminate them first before they invade our houses. We must take time to clean and look for the bedbugs for the safety of the family members.
Reynolds Pest Management, Inc
Great post, we are encountering bed bugs more frequently in Florida.
I have been infested with bedbugs since 2011. i live in public housing in NH. i was ignored for 6 months and had to go to city -- insp. cleared in mar 12 and return of them in may ...cleared again by dog on sept 12 and i currently gave my notice to move and there's activity again noticed by their worker. I asked for them to remove the furniture 2 beds 2 couches and a chair. I threw everything away but wrapped in plastic n taped,i lost 70 percent of my things. They want to move someone in asap and offered me a steam b4 leaving which i refused because it wont kill the eggs. I'm asking for furniture removal, heat treatment and the canine dog which i feel is warranted in this case. They are willing to heat treat n hire a certified tech to look, won't get the furniture out b4 heat which benefits me and next tenant cuz less places to hide also increase their eggs. Am i wrong? Can you possibly tell me of a site that i can bring to them that this is best and their responsibility to take care of properly due to the constant recurrence.
Marlene Garcia
Bug infestation is a major problem in homes and apartments and the irony is that it takes a lot to get rid of these. Talk of the money or talk of the efforts, its a tough job needed on a regular bases that too.
I have been told that by putting toothpaste
around the seems of a bed is a deterrent against
Bedbugs.....is this true?
Charles Sever
Could you just name one? I have thought of immunization. When they take up our blood, they would transport it to their colonies and infect them and they die.
Charles Sever
I have been fighting these little creature for about a half year. I have tried different things, to no avail. I have removed everything in my home. carpet, furniture. The only thing I have now is my couch, which I sleep on and relax in my living room; if you call that relaxing. I wash my sheets every 2 or 3 days. My couch or bed can be tore down to the wood frame and springs. I spray it down with a bed bug spray I buy at a local store. I feel I'm getting a grip on them, but every so often I'll find one, but it's not like it was. This coming winter I'm going to try an freeze. I have a way to drain my water lines, this I hope finish them off. They are a very tenacious bug, I'll take fleas or any other pest any day. I also have my couch legs in cups filled with that bed bug spray, I have the feeling they are crawling up the legs from who know where. Thanks for letting me tell you what I have done and what else I'm going to do. Wish me luck.
Mary Evergreen
I live in a building for low income on disability. Bedbug infestations occur regularly in the building, and seem to occur repeatedly to the same people. Their rooms get "treated", their clothes get put in plastic bins and go somewhere to get "cooked". A line of diatomaceous powder gets applied to every doorway (reminds me of the line of salt 'magic practitioners' use to protect from 'evil spirits').
I don't have any bedbugs, (knock on wood). I have my theory that it is passed from room to room by visitors, who pick up the bugs, or eggs, or larvae, on the shoes, or on their pants, their butts where they sit, then bring it into another's room, sitting on their couch, and depositing the bugs. The same tenants have them return again and again, it seems the de-bugging treatments aren't effective, and they visit each other's rooms.
I am a recluse, have never had anyone from my building into my room. I have two friends who live elsewhere that visit.
I don't step into any other tenant's room either. I visit with them outside the building, or at the community lunch at the local church.
The local library has cushioned seats to sit and read in, and they had just had to deal with bedbugs on those, I think that was last year. I'm pretty sure there's so bedbugs at the library anymore!
Goes to show how easily bedbugs can spread.
It is my theory that the bugs or the extremely small larvae can hitch a ride on someone who sits for some period on a couch used for sleeping or sitting on the edge of the bed.
I've had to alter my social behavior, in the sense of not inviting anyone ever to my place, and declining politely their invites. I am learning about having personal boundaries, and that it's ok to say no. The diplomacy required to reduce the chances of bed bug infestation has sharpened my skills of interpersonal relations.
I would like to learn more of how these critters live, and finding their weak spots in order to eliminate a recurrent infestation in an apartment block.
I have moth balls in drawers, and rolled within a small persian rug I have stored. Maybe the slight naphtalene smell repels them. I also have red cedar.
Can they walk along ceilings? and if they do, would a line of strong smell essence spread around the periphery of my room's ceiling reduce the chance of an interloper bug, maybe full of eggs, making a kind of bedbug migration, in the hopes of establishing another bedbug empire...
Today the manager went from room to room, doing a "bedbug inspection". After he left, I immediately vacuumed the floor where he walked, and lifted my foamy part of the bed.
I realized that by going from room to room, he might spread more bedbugs. He should have carried a box of disposable slippers they use in hospitals, and worn a new one over his shoes for every suite he inspected.
I wish I thought of that before today.
Well, that's my two cents about bedbugs.
Thanks for the article, and the chance for my input.
John Henry
Your experience is really great about bed bugs and your suggestions are very good. Bed bugs are very common pests and these pests effect the beauty of nature badly but your all methods are very effective to remove bed bugs easily. Your post is increase my knowledge about bugs removal so I am very thankful to you for sharing of this wonderful blog.
I have experienced the problem of bed bugs for long. 100% removal is extremely difficult, but its possible. if your room is infected with bed bugs n causing you sleepless nights, please spread a sufficiently large cellophane sheet on your bed that hangs out on the sides of the bed. its a good tactic since the slippery surface of the cellophane sheet doesn't allow the bedbugs to climb up on the sheet. but you need to ensure that the cellophane sheet is hanging from all sides of the bed otherwise the bed bugs (relentless as they are) will find a way to climb up and reach you. also ensure that your bed is not touching any wall or furniture as the bugs may climb up from the furniture or wall. If your mattress is also infested with bed bugs then spread the cellophane sheet over the mattress.
secondly, you can use detergent water to kill bed bugs. it works efficiently. you may use the detergent water left after washing your clothes. but you may not be willing to use it on your couch. expose your furniture to heat like placing it under direct sunlight when it is very hot. the heat kills the bugs.
I was not under any budget constraint. so I got my entire room painted, applied varnish on all wooden furniture and tried out the above mentioned methods. but I did it all within a single day because I believe bed bugs are like cancer. even if one bed bug remains in your room then it will spread fast.
Also, please keep your room clean and dry always. bedbugs grow quickly in dirty n damp areas. its been a few months now but now I am totally bug free. I have even removed the cellophane sheet from my bed as it is not required anymore.
I wish you all the best and hope you are able to make your home bug free
While heat treatment is effective at killing bed bugs in a room, it might also force bed bugs to migrate into adjacent rooms.
jeunesse luminesce
Thanks for posting this info. I just want to let you know that I just check out your site and I find it very interesting and informative. I can't wait to read lots of your posts.


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BCIT August 2012 - page 18
Hello everyone,I wanted to start this forum because I'm getting nervouse about my application to the BSN program at Bcit. I appled for this August (2012) and I am still awaiting a reply. Has anyone... Read More
0Jun 7, '12 by nurs9Hi rsohi,
I will be starting Nursing in August. I am wondering if you were sent the online readings & the Worksafe articles for NURS 1020? Are these online readings for the WHMIS course? The information sheet that we were sent via email upon acceptance mentioned that we would be sent the "link" to access the WHMIS course online in the first week of June. I'm just wondering if they have forgotten to email everyone the link. Also, are the readings found on D2L? I'm currently taking a summer course via D2L but I do not see any other courses on my D2L account other than the summer course that I'm taking.
On the information sheet that was emailed to us on May10th, the pre-reading for NURS 1020 states: -see booklist (on-line readings & readings from WorkSafe BC booklets)-instructor will email class prior to August 1st with pre-reading access information. [I'm guessing that pre-readings for NURS 1020 is different from WHMIS??]
Were you accepted to the August 2012 intake from the Jan 2012 intake, so you already have access to the NURS 1020 readings online?
Thanks -
0Jun 11, '12 by smiley65, BSN, RNbcit nursing facebook page. Also the bargain book co op on D2L. You need all of the books, and maybe drug cards too. NOT mini guide to critical thinking, not any pocket books, and an older patho book book will work just fine.....I actually only used my patho book a few times.....granted I did struggle a bit, but I found most of the test info came from the slides and lectures.
0Jun 16, '12 by spellingbeeHi, I was wondering... does anyone know if Richmond hospital is one of the possible hospital placements for level 1 students?
0Jun 17, '12 by spellingbeeFor the level 1 textbook list, do we need the online course registration code with the Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing book? Also, does anyone know if there is a big difference between the 4th edition and the revised 4th edition?
1Jun 18, '12 by jasnRichmond Hospital has not been used as a level one hospital as far as I know, although this may have changed in the past few years. When I was in level one they used Surrey, Langley, Lions Gate, Burnaby and MSJ
We were told there is no difference between 4th/revised 4th and that even 3rd edition was acceptable. You will find as you go through the program that the edition often changes just as you happen to be entering the next level I have saved a LOT of money by buying the editions that higher level students are selling, which are 3rd instead of 4th, etc. and when studying with classmates, I have found there to be no differences. Many people want a particular edition "just in case", but I have never suffered from having the older editions! You do not ned the online registration codespellingbee likes this. -
0Jun 22, '12 by rsohihi nurs9,first off, sorry for getting back to you so late!
i haven't received any of the online readings. i see my courses now on my d2l account but i don't see any reading material or anything else on there yet. i haven't received anything about the whimis course either.
did you go to the orientation? we received a textbook list and it outlines the two pre-readings for worksafe bc - back talk and dealing with latex allergies at work. i can message you those links if you would like.[font=verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif]
if you have any other questions, i'll try and help but i'm still eagerly waiting any news from bcit as well.
- ruby =)

subset: commoncrawl


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For the month of November, we have asked some of our favorite food bloggers to share recipes for their must-have Thanksgiving dishes. Join us to see what will be on their tables this year and for years to come.
Sweet Potato and Marshmallow Fluff Casserole by Ashley from Not Without Salt


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- Jul 19:
- Jeff Burkhart's Barfly: 'Polite society' is often neither
- Jul 12:
- Jeff Burkhart's Barfly: Madness is never a solo condition
- Jul 6:
- Jeff Burkhart's Barfly: The challenge of making the customer right
- Jun 29:
- Jeff Burkart's Barfly: When stereotypes collide
- Jun 15:
- Barfly: Youth gone — and now wild
- Jun 7:
- Jeff Burkhart's Barfly: Being called 'doctor' doesn't mean you are
- May 24:
- Barfly: When 'most people' really means 'me'
- May 3:
- Barfly: Surefire way to spoil a beautiful spring day
- Apr 19:
- Barfly: Easter provides its own moveable feast
- Apr 12:
- Barfly: Satisfaction from effort is often hard to come by
- Mar 29:
- Barfly: To get what you want, simply ask for it
- Mar 22:
- Barfly: There's harm in asking if the request is out of line
- Mar 15:
- Barfly: Buyers beware, the Ides of March
- Mar 8:
- Barfly: Scoring a trifecta when drinks get skinny
- Mar 1:
- Barfly: Nieces and nephews, and those who aren't
- Feb 8:
- Barfly: It's valuable but what's it really worth?
- Feb 1:
- Barfly: The piquant nature of the Bloody Mary
- Jan 18:
- Barfly: Dance with the one that brought you
- Jan 11:
- Barfly: Don't the facts get in the way
- Jan 4:
- Barfly: Hard to hide being an amateur
- Dec 28:
- Barfly: A warm gesture can soothe the lonely
- Dec 21:
- Barfly: Living in the moment versus living in the last minute
- Dec 14:
- Barfly: Holidazed by different type of Christmas cheer
- Dec 7:
- Barfly: Prohibition is over, well almost
- Nov 23:
- Barfly: Thanks for nothing, some might say
- Nov 16:
- Barfly: Fruitless search for perfect citrus
- Nov 9:
- Barfly: Some customers are more right than others
- Nov 2:
- Barfly: Whether food or otherwise, porn is porn
- Oct 26:
- Barfly: A bit too casual for a first date
- Oct 19:
- Barfly: Variety is the spice of life
- Oct 12:
- Barfly: All the bar's a stage, even on worst nights
- Oct 5:
- Barfly: Brought down to earth from different world
- Sep 28:
- Barfly: In a daze over the history of Oktoberfest
- Sep 14:
- Barfly: Wisdom about what's in a wine bottle
- Sep 7:
- Barfly: When parents and kids compete, guess who loses
- Aug 31:
- Barfly: Being a bit geeky can pay dividends
- Aug 24:
- Barfly: What you need to know about age and whiskey
- Aug 17:
- Barfly: The ingredients of a convoluted request
- Aug 3:
- Barfly: Getting hip to barrel-aged cocktails
- Jul 28:
- Barfly: Freedom to decide, quickly please
- Jul 21:
- Barfly: The cycle of change makes the old new again
- Jul 14:
- Barfly: A quiet night among frenemies
- Jul 7:
- Barfly: No sour cherries around here
- Jun 30:
- Barfly: Taste is simply a matter of taste
- Jun 23:
- Barfly: Complex requests versus complex guests
- Jun 16:
- Barfly: To use agave, or not to use agave
- Jun 9:
- Barfly: What amounts to free lunch in real world
- Jun 2:
- Barfly: Getting down and dirty about garnishes
- May 26:
- Barfly: The lowdown on the highball
- May 19:
- Barfly: Mixologist or bar chef? Oftentimes bartender suffices
- May 12:
- Barfly: Earning the title of Mom isn't effortless
- May 5:
- Barfly: What do you know about Cinco de Mayo and tequila?
- Apr 21:
- Barfly: Hands off approach often works best
- Apr 14:
- Barfly: Taxing thoughts on tips and the IRS
- Apr 7:
- Barfly: Remembering Howie, who had a real zest for life
- Mar 31:
- Barfly: Gin and bear it on Easter
- Mar 17:
- Barfly: Leaping leprechauns, why are some so entitled?
- Mar 10:
- Barfly: 'Spring forward' isn't always about the time
- Mar 3:
- Barfly: Some questions aren't seeking answers
- Feb 24:
- Barfly: Boundaries are bound to keep changing
- Feb 17:
- Barfly: Musings on presidents, whiskey and the Second Amendment
- Feb 10:
- Barfly: Reflections on Narcissus of the coffee shop
THE STORM CLOUDS are gathering on the horizon. The air of change hangs heavy, pregnant and far reaching. Things are going to change in the cocktail world, probably for good, and not necessarily for the better. The coming month will be one to remember, especially with Cinco de Mayo only four weeks away. Mark my words.
In that time it's going to happen something like this:
Customer: "I'll have a margarita on the rocks with salt."
Bartender: "What kind of tequila?"
Customer: "Doesn't matter, something inexpensive."
Bartender: "That will be $17."
Customer: "What?! For the cheap stuff?"
Bartender: "Yep."
I have made the argument repeatedly that the most important ingredient in a margarita is not the alcohol but the mix. The ratio is at least 2:1 mixer to spirit, and soon that mixer is going to be the most expensive part to boot.
A recent New York Times opinion piece spelled out the problem. Author David Karp cited three issues: "The culprits are weather, disease and even Mexican criminals." I'll leave it to you to read the details (http://nyti.ms /1orc4ZG).
Whatever the cause, limes have quadrupled in price in the past month, from about $25 a case to more than $125.
Mexico is the largest exporter of limes in the world, producing about 95 percent of the world's supply. Ironically, there is not even a word for lime in Mexican Spanish, instead a lime is called a limon verde or green lemon. Doubly ironic, because it is not the "Mexican" lime that provides the bulk of that export, but rather the "Persian" lime. In the U.S., the Mexican lime is known as the "key lime" and is a smaller, tarter, less-green version than the one many Americans are used to and, as such, is rarely used to make cocktails. The Persian lime, that ubiquitous bright green seedless version known to almost all Americans, is paramount in the food and beverage industry.
It wouldn't be such a big deal, except that limes not only make the margarita world go round, but they also make the entire cocktail world rotate. In addition to the Mexican classic, there's the Moscow Mule, the cosmopolitan, Dark and Stormy, gimlet, mojito, daiquiri among others, all made with lime. Add into that mix all the drinks made with sweet and sour (usually a combination of lemon and lime juice), and the list expands exponentially.
What about garnishes? A lemon wedge in your gin and tonic? Can you imagine the savagery? It's a veritable affront to civilization. And let's not even dip into the Cuba libre, a rum and coke in every way except for the addition of a lime wedge. Lemons, please. We might as well salute Castro and Spanish Imperialism.
Sure, there are plenty of drinks made with lemon juice, such as lemon drops, collins, etc. But in the 150 years of mixology, it is the lime, by virtue of Darwinian survival of the fittest that has risen to the top. Now there is going to be a price to pay for that, a rather heavy one. Quintuple to be exact.
I blame it on the Daisy. Whatever margarita origin story you want to believe, one thing becomes clear. The margarita — tequila, triple sec, Curacao and lime — was invented no earlier than the 1930s at the end of America's Prohibition. The Daisy, however — brandy, rum, Curacao, lemon juice and gomme syrup (a type of sugar syrup) — dates to at least 1876 and Jerry Thomas' "Bon Vivant's Companion." Take a translation of Daisy into Spanish (margarita), switch from foreign rum and brandy, swap the lemon juice to lime juice, add some salt and you set us on a crash course with destiny. A margarita is not a type of tequila Daisy, it
is a tequila daisy or, in Spanish, a margarita. Period.
It all brings us to the present and these thoughts:
"The myth of unlimited production brings war in its train as inevitably as clouds announce a storm," said Albert Camus.
Persian limes when fully ripe are yellow.
The most popular tequila drink in Mexico is the Paloma, a combination of tequila and grapefruit soda or juice. It's ironic because the United States produces as much grapefruit as the rest of the world combined.
The grass (or fruit) always seems to be greener on the other side of the fence, or border, as it were.
As for me I'm switching to tequila Daisies (with lemon). The rest of you better get your $17 ready.
Jeff Burkhart is the author of "Twenty Years Behind Bars: The Spirited Adventures of a Real Bartender" as well as an award-winning bartender at a local restaurant. Follow him at www.jeffburkhart.net and contact him at jeffb@thebar flyonline.com


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Although programs are offered in an Orthodox Jewish environment, providing Kosher food and voluntary observance of religious customs, people of all religious and ethnic backgrounds are welcome.
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Our commitment to the elderly in the Greater Hartford area is unparalleled and is the foundation on which our reputation for excellence is based. Hebrew Health Care offers the following health services:
- Gene and Anja Rosenberg Hebrew Home and Rehabilitation Center: long-term skilled nursing care, inpatient rehabilitation, and dementia care
- The Hospital at Hebrew Health Care: geriatric medical care and geriatric behavioral health care
- Hebrew Health Visiting Nurses: home health care and companion services
- Hebrew Health Hospice: hospice services
- Hebrew Health Assisted Living Services: nursing, rehabilitation and nursing aide services offered at managed care communities
- Hebrew Health Adult Day Services: social, medical, nutritional services offered 8:00 am to 4:30 pm
- Hebrew Rehabilitation Group: outpatient rehabilitation
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- Other Health Services: dementia care services, outpatient primary care, and geriatric consultations
Through these services and our own unique method of practice called, "GeriCentric Care," we offer seniors more choices in the ways and the places that they manage their own aging. With long-term skilled nursing care, short-term rehabilitation, geriatric medical hospital care, behavioral health hospital care, assisted living, home health care, hospice services, adult day centers, and outpatient medical and therapy services we are poised to meet the unique needs and wants of each individual we serve.
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Early Stage Memory Loss Support Group Hebrew Health Care and Jewish Family Services have partnered to offer an Alzheimer's Early Stage Memory Loss Support Group. Our goal is to provide educational, emotional and social support for (...)


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Existence, Extension, and the Ontological Argument
Nearly everyone is aware that pi, the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, is an irrational number. That is, it cannot be expressed as the quotient of two whole numbers, no matter what those whole numbers are. In other words, although we've only actually calculated the value of pi to a few sextillion digits, we can categorically state that the string of digits will stretch out to infinity without ever settling into a permanent pattern of repetition. Indeed, we can even show that this is true despite the fact that no one has ever drawn, or will ever draw a perfect circle. It follows implicitly from the theoretical definition of a perfect circle; for pi to be rational, a circle would have to have a finite number of sides, which is incompatible with the meaning of the word circle.
St. Anselm's ontological argument for the existence of God hinges upon the assumption that existence is a predicable quality in the same sense that perfect, circle, and irrational are. In order for the argument to hold water, we must accept that the quality of existence follows implicitly from the concept of That Than Which Nothing Greater Can Be Conceived, just as the irrationality of pi follows implicitly from the definition of a perfect circle.
In order to answer the question of existence's predicability, we must first articulate what it is we mean by predicability, and then see whether or not it is something which may be said of existence, i.e. is predicability predicable of existence?
At first glance, we might well be inclined to assert that it is. Grammatically, at least, it is incontrovertibly a predicate, since it is a verb, and an intransitive one at that. One may intelligibly say of something that it exists, and perhaps more importantly, one may intelligibly say that something does not exist.
However, the objection has been raised by the likes of Parmenides that being is in fact not a deniable trait. That is to say, it is contradictory to define something as non-existent. Anything which can be described can be described as "something which..."; to include non-existence among its characteristics is equivalent to describing it as "nothing which...". We might invent a class of objects called "not-beings", which have all the characteristics of beings except existence, and have the explicit quality of not-existence. Such definitions are inherently paradoxical, since by definition they cannot exist (or they'll be just ordinary beings, not non-beings) and they cannot fail to exist (since by failing to exist, they satisfy their definitions and therefore exist). This paradox is, by the way, of the same sort that Bertrand Russell used to attack set theory, i.e. by introducing the set of all sets that are not members of themselves.
Very well, then. We have shown that the denial of existence cannot intelligibly be predicated of a thing. From this, it would seem to follow that the assertion of existence is obligatory. Does this mean that everything that can be spoken of or referred to in any way must necessarily exist? That dragons and minotaurs and those ghastly creatures of chaos, the unicorns, exist? Even more bizarre, that round squares and honest politicians exist?
The last two we can deal with easily enough by the self-denial paradox; round squares are by definition logical impossibilities, just as are non-beings. And, just as the logical impossibility of self-denial allowed us to dispose of the denial of existence, we may handily dispose of the notion that predicated existence necessitates actual existence, or indeed that it has any connection whatsoever to actuality.
What do we mean, then, when we say that something does not exist? Surely it is not nonsensical to say, "Dragons do not exist." How can we reconcile the implicit being in the definition of everything with the denial of being in the statement "Dragons do not exist"?
Bertrand Russell did it by arguing that what we call existence is not a quality of the things themselves, but of the ideas of those things. That is, when we say that dragons do not exist, what we really mean is that of all the things there are, none of them are referred to by the word dragon or its attendant definition. (That definition, of course, must implicitly include being, if the definition is to be intelligible or possible.) Likewise, when we say that dragons DO exist, we really mean that the word dragon extends to something it intends. In other words, "Dragons exist" is a convenient shorthand for "The term dragon has an extension."
Of course, this just puts Anselm's argument into different terms. Rather than saying that the maximally perfect being must exist, now, he would say that the intension of a maximally perfect being implies an extension. This seems a preposterous claim; how can an intension necessitate extension? And yet, there are simple examples. The word word, by its intension, cannot possibly fail to have extension. How might That Than Which Nothing Greater Can Be Conceived necessarily imply its own extension?
Let us assume the existence, i.e., the extension of something. What it is precisely is unimportant. In fact, we might just point to some lump of matter, and label it with the convenient word, This. (If we wish, we can take nothing for granted, and take This to mean ourselves, after Descartes.) Its intension is very simple; it means whatever we happen to be pointing at, and thus is identical with its extension. Now, conceiving such an entity is trivially easy, as is accepting its existence. Since any whole is at least as great as any of its parts, it should also be possible to conceive the whole formed by This and some other thing. As long as there exists something outside of This, it is possible to conceive of something greater, namely [This + something else].
Following this to its ultimate conclusion, we find that That Than Which Nothing Greater Can Be Conceived intends simply the totality of everything which can be conceived. (Given that being is implicitly predicated of anything intelligibly conceived, it is trivially true that being is predicable of TTWNGCBC.) Is it sensible to say that TTWNGCBC lacks extension?
It is possible, of course, to conceive of things which lack extension. However, some things are their own extensions, like the word word. The intension of TTWNGCBC says nothing specifically about physical existence; it only refers to something conceived. Nor does it necessarily have to be conceived; it need only be conceivable. Therefore TTWNGCBC need only be a potential idea to have extension. It is impossible to conceive of anything greater that the totality of all things conceivable, so there is nothing implicitly paradoxical about the intension of TTWNGCBC. Ergo, it is a potential idea, and is its own extension.
TTWNGCBC therefore unquestionably exists, inasmuch as any idea may be said to exist. Anselm has chosen to call TTWNGCBC by the name God. I think a more elegant name would be simply Being, or perhaps Existence. In this way, Existence is most certainly not a predicate, but a noun, and the extent to which we say things exist depends in fact upon the extent to which their various predicates partake in Existence. Thus, dragons partake in Being by being large, fire-breathing, carnivorous and imaginary, while toads partake in Being by being small, fly-eating, amphibious and real.


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Writing code for more sustainable neighborhoods
A roundtable of interested parties has proposed a series of code changes to make urban density happen faster and with less hassle in Seattle. Here's the backstory of the evolving package, by one of its architects.
A recent joint announcement of recommended regulatory-reform measures for neighborhood development had Mayor Mike McGinn and Seattle City Council President Richard Conlin focusing on creating new jobs. That angle was the attention grabbing headline in the major media.
Ordinarily, reforms of urban land-use regulations come about after a lot of pushing and pulling by consultants and organized pressure groups. These reforms were different. They embraced community input by putting together a roundtable of interested parties to come up with some evolutionary Code updates, deriving from the issues de jour of recent years — including backyard cottages, revised approaches to multifamily development, parking requirements, street-level retail, and other arcane elements of urbanist lore.
This month's joint announcement is the outcome of a six-month process, discussed in detail below. It meshes with a March 2011 City Council resolution adopting guiding principles for strengthening and growing Seattle's economy and creating employment opportunities. The recommendations were released for public review and comment, due by July 25.
Full disclosure: I am an active roundtable member, which gave me a ringside seat but also makes me an advocate.
The roundtable behind the recommendations was composed of a broad alliance of business, environmental, and neighborhood representatives. Variants of the roundtable were convened by Mayor McGinn for initial conversations early this year, and a core group worked collaboratively on the announced recommendations. In a departure from past governance practices, the group is not an appointed "blue ribbon commission," nor does it have staff. It has met regularly (often many times per month), vetted issues and approaches, and worked with city officials to brainstorm solutions.
The current recommendations are in reality an early stage of the roundtable's work, and in the eyes of some group members, only a small tilt towards further revisions to the Land Use Code. Yet the proposals evince some sense of today's urbanism agenda — a move away from prescription and favoring implementation of tweaks, clarifications, and small expansions of certain non-traditional housing, business, and multi-modal transportation initiatives already under way.
Further, given the urgency of enhancing employment, the recommendations embrace immediate, simplifying measures, intended to reduce complexity and increase flexibility, in turn decreasing the costs in time and money of starting and maintaining businesses and building new, more affordable housing.
While the initial menu of fixes is designed to avoid duplication and enhance the prospect for new construction, the group will continue to work on longer term issues in association with pending revisions to Seattle's Comprehensive Plan. Those revisions are mandated by the Growth Management Act and championed through a dynamic update process recently launched by the Department of Planning and Development and the Planning Commission.
The group's goal is broad and ambitious: to help Seattle residents live closer to where they work. The starting place is to simplify and update the city's Land Use Code, what Sightline's Eric de Place calls "making sustainability legal."
This broader effort is akin to something that I first suggested here in Crosscut amid the elections of 2009. I proposed a frank recognition of traditional land use dilemmas in the City and a move towards contemporary land use regulatory approaches focused less on incremental brush wars and more on holistic and sustainable tools implemented elsewhere. Examples of this new approach, I wrote, are form-based codes, citywide transit-oriented development policies, and ongoing integration of transportation, land use, and underlying natural systems.
Let me now provide a summary of the announced recommendations. More detailed discussion of each recommendation (with the addition of a proposed modification for height measurement) appears in public notice materials assembled by DPD here as summarized from DPD Director Diane Sugimura's Report and Recommendations, which urges adoption of the Roundtable's recommendations.
Encourage Home Entrepreneurship The Roundtable embraced the assumption that the home-based business is an incubator for new ideas which create jobs. The recommendation would allow property owners to operate home-based businesses ("home occupations") in any structure, as long as impacts to surrounding properties are minimized, and any associated alterations to structures are permitted in the underlying zone. Other new provisions would allow home-based businesses to advertise on the internet, allow up to two non-resident employees (currently limited to one), and allow more flexibility for weekday deliveries with limits focused on heavy vehicles.
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Posted Mon, Jul 18, 6:46 a.m.
There is much ado about the dropping of retail requirements but two things are missing from any useful discussion:
1. maps showing the extent of the change.
2. any specific fact-based non-anecdotal reason for the change.
I find the following rationale to be temporary and shallow — "...recessionary times have made clear that more flexibility is needed outside of those areas to build buildings without ground-floor commercial spaces." For one thing the idea that you will get much construction during "recessionary times" is puzzling.
But I wish you good luck generally and specifically as to the neighborhood stores approach, which is great, though limiting to L-2 and L-3 is both politically wise and might practically be too limited to be of great consequence.
But since over the past 30 yearsI have seen so many efforts about "reforming the code," I am dubious we will get much beyond headlines, which may of course be what the politicians desire.
Posted Mon, Jul 18, 10:55 a.m.
And I re-read this last remark: "...this SEPA aspect of the proposal could result in 40 new construction projects with 100 to 250 units each year."
That's more than puzzling — it calls for the word "absurd."
Yes SEPA can be a hassle to deal with. But if there is money to be made (and money to be borrowed), SEPA is a minor irritant . Unless. Unless by implication someone is saying that we have 40 projects a year which are so poorly designed and so offensive to neighbors that the City would deny them — which I would say then that it is doubly absurd to offer "reforms" which would allows those 40 projects to be built.
Posted Mon, Jul 18, 11:45 a.m.
This is pretty much the same old developer wishlist that the City has been trying to ram down the throats of neighborhood residents since before the neighborhood planning process began.
Same old wine, new bottle.
Posted Mon, Jul 18, 1:20 p.m.
"a series of code changes to make urban density happen faster and with less hassle in Seattle"
Is this emergency jobs act to be similar to the proposed $20 fee for reducing transit cuts—which is to terminate in a year in an improved economy? No? I didn't think so!
The development industry(s) big and small who have long steered Seattle code changes had no trouble at all producing the overbuilding that ended with the Great Regression, not withstanding "Toward a Sustainable Seattle" (the current comprehensive plan).
With the exception of recent major overhauls of the codes for mixed use and multifamily development, the code has become what it is through a multitude of fine adjustments with or without prior watering down of the comprehensive plan through yearly amendments.
Examples can be found in this backstory itself: the boys in the back room promote doing away with street level retail (pedestrian interest?) in any mixed use zone not designated a P (pedestrian) zone and at the same time they promote street level retail in multifamily (non-mixed use) zones in designated growth zones "urban villages, centers, and transit stations" (most all P zones are mixed use not multi-family).
Over here: http://www.seattle.gov/planningcommission/ we find another backroom promoting the designation of new growth areas called "transit communities" and demanding ("Affordable Housing Action Agenda"—Strategy 4) that the Comprehensive Plan's limitation on rezoning single family neighborhoods to higher uses be watered down
Additionally, public officials periodically broach upzoning "transit corridors" using a new rationale that all transit service is quid pro quo.
Any citizen who wades through all the gobbledegook has to assume that the comprehensive plan is, maybe always was, a fancy smoke screen for retaining the old hegemony and that the "dynamic update process" noted in the backstory is appropriately aimed at the naive, if not the young. This is really quite a shame, considering how much effort citizens of all stripes put into the initial version of the current plan and how much impact it made around the world as the first attempt to make sense of the conundrum "the most affordable housing is that which already exists." See:
1994 planning director Lawrence on the initial planning effort: http://www.rudi.net/books/13070
Posted Mon, Jul 18, 1:47 p.m.
Hmm, I thought all the changes you outline in this article had been made as part of the Neighborhood Planning follow-through (a part of the Comprehensive Plan development). If one really wants to create jobs, then the very labor intensive and essential work of maintaining, renovating, refurbishing, re-purposing is the way to go -- I'm not sure what the Land Use Code could do to encourage this, but that would be the tack toward sustainability and job creation that would make sense to me.
Posted Mon, Jul 18, 2:56 p.m.
ddmiller, one of the group's other members, sometime Crosscut contributor Roger Valdez, noted the group's members in addition to Mr. Wolfe some time ago over on his land use code blog:
Tory Taylor, Housing Resources Group
Matt Anderson, real estate consulting, Heartland LLC
Eric de Place, Sightline Institute
Jeff Thompson, real estate developer, Freehold Group, LLC ("Interbay Wine District")
David Neiman, Architect (Safeco Field)
Jerry Dinndorf, Associated General Contractors of Washington
Denny Onslow, real estate developer, Harbor Properties
Jim Mueller, real estate developer of former Deano's property and vacant lot at 23rd & Union
A-P Hurd, real estate developer, Touchstone Development, board member of NAIOP Washington Commercial Real Estate Development Association.
Posted Mon, Jul 18, 4:24 p.m.
Wow, so this plan was put together by a bunch of developers and their enablers. Good thing we didn't have any "pressure groups" involved.
Posted Mon, Jul 18, 4:26 p.m.
Those are all very smart people and they care about Seattle and frankly I share much of their sensibility. I don't think it's useful to get into conspiracy theories about developers etc etc.
But reasonable people can disagree about facts and how to assess them.
Posted Mon, Jul 18, 9:42 p.m.
Low- and moderate-income housing could be greatly increased in Seattle with no new construction required if some of the more draconian requirements were removed from "mother-in-law" apartments. They're already part of the house; you don't have to have the considerable amount of money that's required to build a backyard cottage. Older people could stay in their houses by renting out the apartments; people who can't afford new apartments would have places to live.
But then, as I said, they don't require new construction, and this crew "very smart people"--i.e., real estate developers--aren't interested in stuff that already exists.
Posted Tue, Jul 19, 11:05 a.m.
Thanks for the info on the participants, "Guest". Not surprising there are no neighborhood representatives on there.
Posted Tue, Jul 19, 1:22 p.m.
Limiting "corner stores" to multifamily zones in urban centers and station areas defeats their real promise. In new urbanist terms, corner stores provide walkable convenience shopping for folks who live outside those areas, which already typically have lots of opportunities for retail uses. Seattle has vast swaths of predominantly single family neighborhoods that were once dotted by small commercial "corner stores" that provided this kind of convenience retail. Many of those are gone, others have been awkwardly converted to residential use. Advocates in some neighborshoods, like Broadview, are pushing for a broader definition of corner stores that would allow them even in single family neighborhoods that have no retail within reasonable walking distance. I say if they can convince their neighbors of the value of this, let's create flexibilty in the land use code to allow it.
Posted Tue, Jul 19, 1:44 p.m.
Ddmiller, don't these people live in neighborhoods? Or did you mean there are no anti-change NIMBY neighborhood representatives in this group?
Posted Tue, Jul 19, 6:34 p.m.
The members of this "roundtable of interested parties" may "care about Seattle" (says David Sucher), but the fact remains that with one exception it is devoid of any but developers and related interests.
I spent over a year and dozens of hours on another effort created by the City Council, the Neighborhood Plan Advisory Committee. That broad stakeholder based effort resulted in an extensive array of specific recommendations for improvements to Seattle's land use planning processes (see
http://www.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/npi/npac_resources.htm). Unfortunately, as you can see from that page and others (e.g., http://www.seattle.gov/dpd/Planning/Neighborhood_Planning/NeighborhoodPlanUpdates/default.asp), our recommendations gather dust and neighborhood planning in Seattle is basically dead. Planning for transit oriented development is the husk that remains.
Regarding SEPA, Dave Sucher is correct to use "absurd" for Chuck Wolfe's analysis. I'd go further and say "insulting." The article is probably referring to ESHB 2538, Laws 2009 c 153, and earlier similar measures that allow generic or area wide planning and environmental review to cover specific projects in certain circumstances. However, this wasn't enough for the developers and their supporters in local government:
In the 2011 Session, another bill (E2SHB 1952) would have allowed local governments to exempt larger developments from SEPA review under certain conditions (e.g., raising the exemption for multi-family housing projects from 20 to 80 units). A number of public interest environmental advocates (including me) vigorously opposed this bill. As best I can tell at leg.wa.gov, this bill did not become law.
Posted Mon, Jul 25, 11:25 p.m.
They probably do live in neighborhoods, urbanredneck, but likely those neighborhoods are places like Laurelhurst or Medina.
Posted Thu, May 24, 9:28 a.m.
In planning and urban design, there is a phenomenon known colloquially as "the Trojan horse." Typically, this is a set of Land Use Code changes that are presented as harmless or minimal, but which turn out to have far-reaching implications. I suspect that is what we have here. I have not read the actual new Code language, so my comments rely on the presentations made by Mr. Valdez and Mr. Wolfe, and the discussion in the recent articles in the SEATTLE TIMES.
First, I find it problematic that Land Use Code changes are being pushed for the expediency of creating temporary jobs. It would seem to me that the goal of the Land Use Code should be to produce a quality environment in which we, and those who will come after us, can live.
John Ruskin wrote, "As we build our city, let us think that we are building forever." However, it appears that many of the proposed changes are driven by the short term goal of revving up employment (perhaps prior to the next Mayoral election?).
Second, several of the changes appear to be based on the idea that "the market knows best." While this kind of conservative ideology has driven one of the national political parties to an extreme, I had not realized it had penetrated urban design and planning thinking in Seattle. The fact that advocates of these changes are willing to sacrifice solutions that serve all citizens to those driven by "the market" seems to me to be highly questionable.
Turning to Mr. Wolfe's summary, we find a proposal to eliminate parking requirements in areas served by transit--to let the "market decide." This approach ignores very basic economics, and the lessons of the past, which indicate that where feasible, private sector owners/developers will profit by dumping problems into "the common" (the public space we all share as citizens). The history of the market has been one that has always required regulation to prevent the private sector from taking advantage of the common--this is why we have laws about water pollution, air pollution, etc. In the present case, the relevant part of the public sector (the common) is the adjacent and nearby streets which extend into adjacent single-family neighborhoods. Does anyone doubt that most developers are salivating over the proposed elimination of parking requirements? Under the proposed rules, they dump the problem and cost of parking into the public streets and, thus, into adjacent neighborhoods. After all, it's not as if the city is going to establish a regulation that says: "If one owns a car, one is not allowed to rent one of these apartments with no parking."
Once the overflow parking becomes a problem, we cannot go back--the buildings are built, there is no parking--the transfer of costs from private sector developers to the public sector (and those to all Seattle citizens) will be permanent.
Similarly, the proposal argues for eliminating requirements for ground-floor retail from arterials outside P-zones. The requirements for ground-floor retail were created based on the lessons of planning and urban design analyses over the past 40 years. The goal was to "grow" the pedestrian environment so that it would not be limited only to those areas (P zones) where the pedestrian environment was already successful. Elimination of the ground floor retail requirements along arterials outside P zones means that the city sacrifices the goal of extending pedestrian areas beyond where they exist now. Again, the proposal seems to be come from market-driven thinking: developers will provide ground-floor retail outside P zones if the market says it's appropriate to do so. The problem is that once block fronts are built without retail, any pedestrian life that might develop will wither. Again, this is not an experiment--once these rules go into effect, most developers will build what is least expensive and therefore promises the most profit, and the city will live with the result. The "common"--in this case the streets and sidewalks, the places where the public life of the city takes place, will suffer. Developers may profit but the city will lose, and pedestrian zones will not grow beyond their present limits.
Finally, Mr. Wolfe writes that one goal is to provide "more flexibility." One has to be careful when considering what this means. In a legal environment that allowed public officials discretion, and allowed negotiation of many aspects of use, form, size, frontage, etc. (such an environment does exist in some states, but not here), flexibility might be a benefit allowing a tailoring of projects to specific sites, site contexts, and long-term visions for an area through public-private negotiations. However, the legal environment that exists in Washington, as a result of the state's constitution as interpreted by the State Supreme Court and the State Court of Appeals, does not allow that kind of discretion or flexible negotiation. Courts have held that Codes in Washington must be specific, precise, and measurable, and can only be enforced if the Code language is clear. Thus, when Mr. Wolfe uses the term "flexibility" in our legal environment, it means only one thing: loosening the rules, creating a lowered standard. This lowered standard is not going to produce a variety of solutions. In the present economic climate particularly, there will be a rush to find the new lowest cost development solutions that produce the highest profits and this is what most developers will build--this will be the "new normal" and, in my opinion, the city as a whole will lose.
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AGENCY | Texas Commission on Environmental Quality |
ACTION | Miscellaneous |
Notice of Intent to Delete (Delist) The executive director of the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC or commission) is issuing this public Notice of Intent to Delete (delist) the Solvent Recovery Services (SRS) State Superfund Site (the Site) from the State Registry, the list of state Superfund sites which may constitute an imminent and substantial endangerment to public health and safety or the environment due to a release or threatened release of hazardous substances into the environment. The commission is proposing this deletion because the executive director has determined that the Site no longer presents such an endangerment, due to the removal actions that have been performed at the Site. The Site, including all land, structures, appurtenances, and other improvements, is located at 5502 Highway 521, about 0.2 mile south of the intersection with Highway 6, in Arcola, Fort Bend County, Texas. The Site also included any areas where hazardous substance(s) had come to be located as a result, either directly or indirectly, of releases of hazardous substance(s) from the Site. About 0.5 acre of the five-acre site was used for recycling of waste paint solvents from 1976 to 1984. The current property owner bought the property in March 1983. Operations ceased in late 1984 when the facility was closed due its inability to meet the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act financial assurance requirements. Closure of the facility began in 1986, but was never completed by the operator. The operations at the Site consisted of a 3,000 square foot concrete pad, three spent-solvent recovery tanks (total volume of 24, 000 gallons). The distillation units consisted of one 1,300-gallon tank and two 50-gallon condenser tanks. In 1989, the SRS Task Force (comprised of companies that sent waste to the facility) began an investigation. The investigation involved installing groundwater monitoring wells, and sampling and analysis of soils, waste materials, surface water, and groundwater. Phase I of the Remedial Investigation (RI) was completed in 1990 and determined that the waste materials and soils contained elevated levels of several metals, and volatile and semivolatile compounds. Removal actions were conducted in 1991. All materials originally on-site were removed as part of the removal actions. The materials consisted of the concrete pad, and the waste consolidation area on the concrete pad, surrounding soils, two tanks of waste sludge, decontamination liquids, and several 55-gallon drums. Based on the results of Phase I of the RI and the removal action, an Administrative Order (AO) was executed in April 1995. The AO identified the chemicals of concern (COCs), required a Phase II of the RI and preparation of the Feasibility Study (FS). During Phase II of the RI, buried containers were discovered. The containers were removed and additional sampling of the remaining soils and sediments was conducted. A review of the results indicated that no surface or subsurface soils exceeded the residential cleanup levels. Numerous rounds of groundwater sampling from six monitoring wells were conducted during Phase I of the RI, Phase II of the RI, and during preparation of the FS. The analytical results indicated that no COCs were detected at levels that exceeded the groundwater cleanup levels. Since the soils and groundwater met the cleanup levels, the FS recommended no further action for the soils and groundwater. The following is a list of reports documenting the remedial investigations and removal action activities: 1.) Solvent Recovery Services Site, Remedial Investigation Report, September 1990; 2.) Removal Action Report, Solvent Recovery Services Site, Arcola, Texas, March 1995; 3.) Phase II Remedial Investigation Report, Solvent Recovery Services State Superfund Site, Arcola, Texas, March 2000; and 4.) Final Feasibility Study Report, Solvent Recovery Services State Superfund Site, Arcola, Texas, June 2001. Based on the results of the RIs, removal actions, and the FS previously described, the Site does not pose unacceptable excess risk to human health or the environment, and no further remedial action is warranted at the Site. The Site is appropriate for residential use according to state risk reduction regulations applicable to the Site as of October 10, 2001. Contaminants deposited on the Site were removed to meet the residential soil criteria established by 30 Texas Administrative Code (TAC) §335.555 (Risk Reduction Standard Number 2). The groundwater investigation showed that the concentrations of COCs met the residential exposure conditions and, therefore, no action was needed. As a result of the removal actions that have been performed at the Site, the executive director has determined that the Site no longer presents an imminent and substantial endangerment to public health and safety and the environment. Therefore, the Site is eligible for deletion from the State Registry as provided by 30 TAC §335.344(c). In accordance with 30 TAC §335.344(b), the commission will hold a public meeting to receive comment on this proposed deletion. This meeting will not be a contested case hearing within the meaning of Texas Government Code, Chapter 2001. The meeting will be held at 7:00 p.m., on Thursday, December 6, 2001, at the City of Arcola City Hall, 13222 State Highway 6, Arcola, Texas, and will consist of two parts: an informal discussion period and a formal comment period. All persons desiring to make comments regarding the proposed deletion of the Site may do so prior to or at the public meeting. All comments submitted prior to the public meeting must be received by 5:00 p.m. on December 6, 2001, and sent in writing to Mr. Alvie L. Nichols, Project Manager, TNRCC Superfund Cleanup Section, Remediation Division, MC-143, P. O. Box 13087, Austin, Texas 78711-3087. The public comment period for this action will end at the close of the public meeting on December 6, 2001. A portion of the record for the Site, including documents pertinent to the executive director's proposed deletion, are available for review during regular business hours at the Missouri City Branch Library, 1530 Texas Parkway, Missouri City, Texas 77489, telephone number: (281) 499-1511. The complete public file may be obtained during regular business hours at the commission's Records Management Center, Building D, North Entrance, Room 190, 12100 Park 35 Circle, Austin, Texas 78753, telephone numbers: (800) 633-9363 or (512) 239-2920. Fees are charged for photocopying file information. TRD-200106418 Stephanie Bergeron Director, Environmental Law Division Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission Filed: October 23, 2001 |
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I have established herbacious peonies- full doubles. I have never found a peony cage tall enough to support the stems, particularly the blossoms. As the buds mature, the stems grow and grow until they are 6-8 inches long and flop or hang all over the top of the plant. If I tape tall bamboo stakes to the original hoop, or weave twine through a cage of stakes, it really takes a lot longer than "six minutes" I really don't have a half hour per plant /six plants .... or I'd rather spend my time doing other things in the spring garden, than supporting a cast of floppy characters.
I know this is not how a well grown peony looks. Do you think my analysis of the problem is correct? I suspect they do not get enough sun for optimal habit, although they have loads of buds. They were sold as festiva maxima, but are just white. That is my complaint, and the reason I am writing about tree peonies. Will these do ok with 4 hours direct sun, and the rest bright shade? If so, I'll move the peonies lactifolia to a less obvious spot, and put the lovely cousins in their place. Hoping for the answer I want to hear.
Follow-Up Postings:
Tree peonies should do well with the amount of sun you have. Festiva Maxima is the most floppy of the double herbaceous peonies even in full sun. Tree peonies will take a few years to reach their potential so be patient. Al |
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Being Honest is Not As Profitable
So over the past 18 months or so, I've been running a membership site at BringTheFresh.com – its a community for people interested in making a living via internet marketing. This basically means you create your own products (software, info-products, etc) and sell them online, or you create websites that sell other people's products, as an affiliate.
We try our best to be unlike any other internet marketing site out there.
What I mean is:
1) We don't lie.
This is VERY difficult to do as a marketer. Lies and hype are what this industry is built on. Preying on people's hopes. Trying to influence them with psychology, to buy something they don't need. To make them feel like they DO need it, and to convince them that if it doesn't work, its THEIR fault.
The most prevalent lie is false statistics. These are fake results, or results gained by using a different method, such as selling the very "system" they are trying to convince you to buy. Commonly, someone will sell an ebook or marketing course, and do a "launch" for it, where they get a lot of friends and partners to promote it. They may make $100k, or even $1 million in just a few days (before gigantic refund rates). But no matter what, they net a nice payday.
Then with their next product, they will convince you that you can use their amazing new course or software they created, and it will make you $100k – $1 million dollars. They fail to mention that the only way they really make money is by selling "how to make money", via product launches. This is frequently referred to "fake it til you make it". Selling a course about how to make money online, by selling a course about how to make money online. Very rarely do these people actually make any money online by "doing" anything. They just teach you how to fake it like them.
Many marketers feel this is a grey area, and hang around others who do the same. That way they find solidarity, and feel less guilty about it. There is a common excuse that, "Hey the product has some good stuff in it, so lying to get them to buy it isn't really a big deal." Its kinda like if you bought a car that was said to get you 100 miles per gallon on "autopilot", but after you buy it, you only get 10 miles/gallon. But hey, it does have some nice cupholders, leather seats, and navigation, so the salesman wasn't really THAT shady was he?
Again, its just really tough to get someone to buy an online info-product or course without making it sound like the greatest course out there. The only guaranteed way to do that is by ACTUALLY making it the greatest course out there! And then relying on your customers to get the good word out for you.
That is a great way to do it, but it takes a lot of time & effort. And while we've spent 18 months doing this, others have launched 4 or 5 products during that time, and made millions of dollars. And many use fake names, so they are dis-associated with it. There are little groups of "players" and they all promote each others' stuff no questions asked. They only care about numbers. They have zero interest in what the customer actually gets.
Right now Bring the Fresh converts pretty well, but not near as well as some of the latest launch products built on hype and lies of "push button" success. As a marketer I'm jealous of their numbers. As an empathetic person, I'm not.
When we work on our own sites, its very hard for us to balance what is hype and what is real, AND what is typical. We edit our sales letter almost daily, to try to find the sweet spot where we can tell the truth and optimize conversions at the same time. Its an ongoing, frustrating thing. Sometimes a few words can change everything. But many times the best words are misleading. And don't get me started on false scarcity! (fake countdown timers, or "only 7 copies left".)
For certain audiences we need to "dumb down" our approach. For others, that's not gonna fly.
2) We don't sell our customers down the river (filled with piranhas).
The bread and butter of most internet marketing products/courses is lead generation. Many times an offer can afford to pay $100 to acquire a $50 customer, because they are going to sell that customer's data to a boiler room in Utah. The boiler room will pay 25%-35% of whatever money they make from the leads, and these guys are good at selling over the phone!
That boiler room is gonna call you with promises of making thousands of dollars a month by working with one of their "success coaches" on a weekly basis. Nevermind that your "success coach" has never made more than $15-$20/hr himself… as a success coach. And before that, he was a frustrated wannabe marketer like you. He knows a few catch-phrases like SEO, squeeze page, optimization, ROI, etc., so at least he sorta sounds like he knows what he's talking about. But ask him for an example of one of his own sites. Then check it out on sites like Compete.com, and you'll see that his only "success" is the paycheck he gets from his boss at the boiler room.
They promise everything from setting you up with a website, to helping with your taxes, to helping you setup a corporation. And charges go from $1k to $20k. The difference in price really only depends on how much money you have available on your credit card. If they ask and you say you have an $8k credit limit, well then the price of their service just happens to be $8k.
These coaching floors and boiler rooms are seeing more and more scrutiny, and some get taken down by the FTC. Others just disappear when leads dry up, and conveniently forget to pay commissions, or provide the service to the customer that they were paid for.
I know a lot about this sort of thing because as I've said before, I sold my leads to these coaching floors back in 2007. The money was great. The whole customer getting no value thing pretty much sucked.
Again, trying to compete with guys who use boiler rooms is tough. They typically see an increase of $100-$300 per customer when they sell their leads down the river. We don't have that luxury, so we have to resort to other high quality offers of our own to try to make up the difference. These would include offering additional products or services we create, or those our friends have created.
But our competitors do this as well, in addition to selling leads, so we need to compete even smarter.
3) We don't burn & churn our prospect and customer lists.
I see this so many times and believe it is the most short-sighted thing a marketer can do.
Its very important to build trust with your lists and provide them value. Yet many marketers mail them every day with the next shiny object they MUST buy. But mostly, this is the marketer paying back the guys who helped him do so well on his launch. Lots of guys won't mail their list for you unless you promise to mail their next offer (whether its good or not). So after the launch, you have to hammer your list as a thank-you to all of the guys who mailed for you.
Its unsubscribe city, and reputation game over. (if you used your real name)
I get joint-venture offers daily, asking me to mail my list to someone's next great converting product. But its always an appeal to my greed. They never tell me whats in it for my customers. Call me old fashioned but I want to know what it is, what it does, see some proof, and try it myself. Otherwise my list will hate me.
Even when I do end up promoting an offer I think will be good for people, I cover my ass by giving a bonus that will make it worth the customer's while, even if the product ends up being a nightmare. And I let them keep the bonus even if they refund. I want my customers to stick around for 10 years, not 10 days.
In summary, this post is just meant for food-for-thought. I'm no whistle-blower, and I don't consider myself holier than thou, or someone who should judge others. I'm still tempted to this day to return to my grey area ways of 2007, but in the end I can't do it. It just doesn't feel right. I just have to live with a bit of a lighter wallet!
I'm still friends with many of the guys who do things the grey way. I think a lot of them are very bright, and I actually learn quite a bit from them. And some of them are just damn fun to hang out with!
If you find yourself in a similar situation, where you want to be known as one of the "good guys", I'd love to hear from ya.
I'm open to working with anyone who has similar views, good products, real testimonials, and consistent results. I think a good group of like-minded individuals, with good products, and good intentions for the customer can make a difference, AND help us compete with everyone else!
Until next time,
Posted: June 26th, 2011 under bring the fresh, rants.
Tags: affiliate marketing, bring the fresh, internet marketing, kelly felix
Comment from Andrew Hansen
June 27, 2011 at 1:25 am
Sick post Kelly.
My name's Andrew – we met very briefly in DC in Feb. (with Todd, your BTF student killing it at Ogilvy)
I've been sharing the same feelings on my blog for a while but I think you touch on an important point in your headline:
In this game, you CAN be honest, but it makes it harder to be profitable. Inevitably. And that's a sad reality.
If I want to tell people, "Look, here's a method where you could realistically be earning 4 figures a month within a few months of working pretty hard at it"…
Who's going to buy it when it's next to the course that claims "You can make 5 figures a month in 1 months time and do almost NO work for it"…
REGARDLESS of which one is true and which one isn't.
Being honest doesn't convert, and we see examples of it every day.
I'm working on building my own little network of "real" marketers and I know a bunch of other guys are doing the same at the moment. Some with great results.
It seems possible that we can become more profitable by coming together and collectively being the lighthouse of trustworthiness in the sea of lies but… I suppose it remains to be seen.
Thanks for your thoughts mate.
Comment from ted
June 27, 2011 at 2:03 am
great post, bless you! and you're not alone , as far as I can see Mike Hill is another one of the good guys!
Comment from Sean Kaye
June 27, 2011 at 3:40 am
As a BTF member it's a surprise to get any kind of offer at all from you and Mike. Having gotten to know you guys a bit when I do get something from you, I know it is valuable and I pay attention.
I don't promote things to my list unless I buy the product I'm promoting. It's getting a bit grey because I'm now getting free preview products on occasion.
You just have to run everything through your own ethics filter and hope that being a decent person will be enough to keep your reputation intact.
Comment from Ian Sherriff
June 27, 2011 at 4:52 am
That's all very true but in the long term being honest is by far the best policy and you can sleep at night maybe with not quite as much money but you can sleep without worrying about Kama
Comment from Anonymouse Marketer
June 27, 2011 at 9:39 am
Yeah, I was contacted relentlessly by this group in Utah about selling leads from late 2006 until sometime in 2008. I know a couple guys who did it in the same volume I could have and looks like they are retired, traveling, and starting new businesses now. Personally, I am glad I did not even though I am pretty sure I would have been able to retire by now like these other guys. But guess what – I enjoy working and being in the trenches…doing the blue collar stuff that is required to run an online business. I would also probably be a raging alcoholic or worse because I do not need free time on my hands. I have no regrets and thanks for reinforcing that feeling.
Comment from bj93
June 27, 2011 at 1:39 pm
It "just doesn't feel right" because it isn't and those that do it …they don't care what people think or feel about them anyway….but it's not admiration, respect or anything good. Just having a lot of money doesn't get you that, ask Paris Hilton.
Comment from Folusho
June 28, 2011 at 2:53 am
I made my first million in sales selling an ebook about how to make money online. After making six figures in my first 18 months, I thought about going into another market because this industry and the word scam are Siamese twins. I would dabble in other markets like weight loss and fitness and make money in them but I would never leave.
Finally in 2010 I sold my review sites including Federalreviews and decided to go full-time into coaching in this market. Why the change?
I realized that I could make more money without hype and actually really help people. People routinely pay us because we/I go out there and actually do what I teach.
We never teach something that we didn't make money with and our customers are happy about that.
Lastly, when you're selling services and products that cost thousands of dollars, telling the truth won't hurt your sales, you'll just end up selling different people.
Comment from Zach Milne
July 12, 2011 at 9:20 am
I HAVE to comment after reading your post. Kelly, I was one of those people who unfortunately was sold into a "coaching program" for thousands of dollars through Rich Jerk. It was my first IM product I had ever purchased. I am also a member of BTF (just so you know where I am coming from). I was a complete newbie, lied to, betrayed, and taken advantage of, and have spent years trying to forgive those people I spoke to on the phone. oh the regret I have had for years! anyways, It's awesome to see that you have changed, and I will be a long term fan of whatever you have to offer as long as you maintain your integrity, because I know it will be supported with the real deal. Don't waiver and fall victim! your life will be so much better… and every one else's.
Comment from Nando
July 16, 2011 at 7:23 pm
Refreshing post Kelly. I'd like to draw a quick analogy that might possibly be useful.
My dad was a chain smoker for years while I was growing up and one day he just decided to give it up… cold turkey. That lasted about 8yrs. the only problem was he constantly hung out with people that smoked. So you know what eventually happened… and he's still puffing til now.
You can have just as much success if not more around people who don't smoke as you can with people who do.
Good guys go viral… for years. Become the standard that I and others have to measure up to.
To your continued success and enlightenment,
Comment from MaxR
July 20, 2011 at 7:50 pm
I found this post to be so refreshing, so brutaly honest.
Like you said, it's food for thought. Yet at the same time it's very hard for some markets to remain 100% whitehat (when it comes to internet practices) particularly if you want to see some results for your efforts.
Definitely a good post ! Thanks.
I'm happy to have subscribed to your RSS thread !
Comment from Kassi
July 25, 2011 at 10:34 pm
Yeah that's what I'm talinkg about baby–nice work!
Comment from Jaundalynn
July 26, 2011 at 12:52 pm
Action reqruies knowledge, and now I can act!
Comment from Raza
August 1, 2011 at 8:02 am
God bless you Kelly.
I can't stand people who sell "make money online" products without ever having had made money in a real niche.
I signed up for BTF because you revealed how you make money with the "kidney diet" site.
So now, you have the one thing that money can't buy: Trust.
Comment from Bruno
January 2, 2012 at 1:16 pm
Thanks for your post, Kelly.
Very inspiring!
Feels good so see integrity still exists!
Comment from Sean
April 24, 2012 at 5:28 pm
Hey Kelly,
One of my first experiences of Internet marketing over 2 years ago was me being scamed into thinking I could make hundreds and thousands of pounds on the internet by simply biulding a website and putting a few links to it. Although it is true you can make money like that without really knowing what you are doing in some cases it wasn't with me. I had a coach show me how to build a website, the whole service cost me £500 upfront and another £2500 over 2 years. I made next to no money. The company went to court and was shut down so at least I didn't have to pay all the installments. It was a hard lesson to learn when it comes to trusting people.
Fortunately I found Bring the fresh and although I haven't made much money online yet, I feel like I am in safe hands. I have plenty of infomation to read and listen too and I have a friendly network of marketers on the forum I can ask for help when I need them. I would like to say thank you Kelly and Mike for being honest, I respect you both.
Comment from Jim Macks
August 7, 2012 at 5:02 am
Yeah, good post. Not to point a finger at these IM'ers who post crap, that just repeatdly prey on noobs to the "make money online" niche, these guys are a joke and just push the same shit over and over to newcomers who don't know anything..


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Workload policies are governed by the IFO Master Agreement and include, but are not limited to, teaching, advising, scholarly activities, committee service, evaluating student performance, and service to the university. According to the master agreement, a faculty member's teaching load typically does not exceed fourteen (14) undergraduate credit hours per semester or twenty-four (24) undergraduate credit hours per academic year. In calculating teaching load, graduate courses are calculated as the equivalent of one and one-fourth (1.25) undergraduate credits per one (1) graduate credit hour. For example, a three-credit graduate course shall be the equivalent of a four-credit undergraduate course. Faculty members are allowed to teach five (5) credits paid overload during the academic year as outlined in the master agreement. Any variation to the workload policy requires special permission from the Office of the Provost.
Reassigned time is provided to department chairs based on the number of faculty members within the department. Graduate coordinators within the College of Education also receive three (3) credits reassigned time to engage in recruitment and retention activities, assessment work, and data collection. Reassigned time is also provided for liaisons to the Office of Clinical Experience, liaisons to the Teacher Quality Enhancement (TQE) initiative, and other project-based initiatives, often externally funded. Faculty members are also provided one-time funding opportunities for development of such activities as online courses, service learning courses, assessment projects, or other institutional or unit initiatives. Financial compensation is also provided to faculty members for time used to drive to off-campus sites for teaching (windshield time).
The College of Education adheres to a supervision policy whereby faculty members do not supervise more than 18 teacher candidates in a full-time assignment. All faculty members in the unit are engaged in teaching or other professional duties; therefore, supervision levels never reach the limit of 18. At the graduate levels, supervision policies are defined by professional standards (i.e. CACREP) and are implemented based on those parameters.
The workload policies allow faculty to be actively engaged in teaching, scholarship, and service, the core components of our mission as a comprehensive university. While a three or four-course teaching load is typical of state universities, departments work to try and provide faculty members with a minimum number of preparations when possible to ease the workload. Faculty members are also involved in advising and dedicate ten office hours each week for time to meet with candidates.
Part-time faculty members are valued by the unit for their special expertise and provide strong contributions to the programs through teaching and/or supervision activities. Department chairs work closely with each part-time faculty member to ensure consistency and quality of teaching and assessment, as well as other professional expectations. Sample syllabi and course outcomes are often provided by department chairs in their mentoring activities. Course evaluations are required by adjunct faculty members and department chairs review these evaluations each semester.
Finally, support personnel within each department or service office provide outstanding service and contribute to the success of our administration, faculty, staff, and candidates. The dean meets with the support staff each semester to discuss issues, monitor workload, and plan new initiatives.
Summary: Workload policies are consistent with NCATE expectations and allow faculty to engage in effective teaching, scholarship, and service. Faculty members are involved in professional activities at the state, national, and international levels and often serve as leaders in their professional fields. Professional development is expected and supported at the institutional and unit levels. Part-time and clinical faculty members are highly valued and provided valuable interactions with the professional community.


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2014 Family-Friendly Oscar-Nominated Movies
by Erin DowerThis year's Oscar nominations are in, and they include several family-friendly flicks, with Best Animated Feature, Best Song, and Best Visual Effects all up for grabs. Check out what films have earned this top honor, and find the perfect pick for your next family movie night. For a full list of nominations, visit the Oscars website. Also, check out these 11 classic Oscar-winning movies for kids.