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Fundraising is the method of raising money to finance PTA programs and projects. The fund-raising project must support the goals of PTA and be related to the educational, charitable, and philanthropic purposes as a tax-exempt organization. When planning the year's activities, PTAs should use the 3-to-1 rule. For every one fund-raising activity, there should be at least three non-fund-raising programs aimed at helping parents or children or advocating for school improvements. It should involve as many members as possible and be fun. It should not be a burden to the school staff or parent volunteers, compete with or detract from school lunch and nutrition programs, or conflict with other PTA, school, or community events. Children should never be used to sell door-to-door or exploited to raise funds. It cannot involve commercial or advertising obligations. See National PTA Annual Resources for PTAs, Money Matters which prescribes the ethics of fundraising. The fundraising project must have the approval of the membership in advance of the event and the vote must be recorded in the minutes. Projects must have a specific purpose. The project, if it is an on going activity or program , must be approved each year by the association membership. Protecting PTA Tax ExemptionPTAs are exempt from taxes under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. To retain the tax-exempt status, PTAs must pay attention that fundraising does not become its primary focus. All PTAs function under the exempt status of the California State PTA and the National PTA. An individual unit can have an affect on the entire organization. Disregarding the prohibition against substantial commercial activities could result in having to pay tax or a tax penalty and/or loss of tax-exempt status by the IRS. Most PTA fundraising activities are exempt from federal income taxes, because a majority of the work performed at the unit level is conducted by volunteers and they sell donated merchandise. Local Requirements for FundraisingBecome familiar with state and local requirements for fundraising. These include the school district policy for use of school grounds, equipment, food services, the local permits for solicitation, municipal regulations for public gatherings fire, curfew, traffic, food sales, health and safety; and regulations governing tax-reporting requirements. Standards for PTA FundraisingFUNDRAISING COMMITTEE RESPONSIBILITIESPTA fundraising activities are carried out by a committee whose chairman is an appointed or elected member of the executive board. The major responsibility of the fund-raising committee is to raise the amount needed to meet the proposed unit budget and to work cooperatively with the PTA president and treasurer in accounting for receipts and disbursements for the activity. The committee may also plan specific fundraising events and activities. COMMITTEE PROCEDURESFundraising events must be approved in advance by the executive board and association. Approval should be recorded in the minutes. Recruit enough volunteers to conduct the project. Assign each volunteer specific tasks and develop a work schedule. Solicit donated goods and services. Clear the dates with the school and reserve needed facilities and equipment. Make firm arrangements with vendors. Obtain all necessary permits. Be sure vendor is fully covered by his own liability insurance and Workers' Compensation. Have vendor sign a Hold Harmless Agreement (Forms) and obtain a copy of the vendor's certificate of insurance. Noncommercial PolicyThe noncommercial policy requires that the name "PTA" or the names of PTA officers not be used in conjunction with the commercial activities of other organizations, including, but not limited to, the promotion of their goods and services. Continuing or repeat projects produced in cooperation with a commercial business may be seen as PTA endorsement of that business, as may the use of the name of PTA along with the business name in promotions. The organization or members in their official capacities shall not be used to endorse or promote a commercial entity or engage in activities not related to the promotion of the Purposes of the PTA. Do not make a qualitative judgment of the sponsors products or services. Do not include comparative language or language that implies good quality in the acknowledgment. Do not permit the sponsor to write the acknowledgment of thanks. Do not ask members or the public to buy the products or services of the sponsor. Do not advertise a product or service. Do not endorse a product or service. SPONSORSHIP VS.ENDORSEMENTThe law permits a nonprofit organization to receive corporate sponsorship income tax free if the sponsorship is linked to a specific event that is held once per year. It is acceptable for PTA to receive payments structured as royalties or to enter into sponsorship agreements with businesses, including e-commerce businesses. For the payment to qualify, there must be no arrangement or expectation that the business will receive any substantial return benefit for its payment. The PTA may not enter into a partnership with a business. Partnership implies sharing in the profit and loss of the business and would result in unrelated business income and tax liability. (Unrelated Business Income Tax 5.7.6, 225) The PTA should acknowledge publicly the royalties or sponsorship. The acknowledgement of thanks can list the corporate sponsor's name, logo, address, telephone number, and products. PTA MayHang a banner on the school campus with permission of the school principal per district policy. Hang a banner where the event is being held after a Facilities Use Permit (1.3.4a, 18) is approved. Place an acknowledgement in the event program book. Announce to the audience the event sponsors. Acknowledge the sponsorship of the particular event in the PTA newsletter or school newsletter, if school district policy permits. Distribute samples of the sponsors products at the sponsored event (if school district policy permits) or if a Facilities Use Permit (1.3.4a, 18) allows sponsored product distribution. The PTA may provide a hypertext link from the PTAs website to the sponsors website. PTA must be cautious in how this link is established. It is possible that the existence of a link might cause the sponsorship payment to be considered as unrelated business income, particularly if the link is in the form of a moving banner. A link would more than likely be seen by the IRS as retaining the passive character associated with corporate sponsorship, while a moving banner is more likely to be considered advertising. The duration of the link should correspond to the terms of the contract with the sponsor. If PTA provides a Web link to an e-commerce business, a disclaimer must be included on the PTA website. For example: An e-commerce business should be seen as a fundraising company acting as an intermediary or buffer between retailers and consumers. While the PTA obviously would put some effort into promoting the use of electronic shopping, in order to do so without risk, the following conditions must apply:
A variety of e-commerce retailers, also known as charity malls, are donating a portion of purchases made through their sites in exchange for the goodwill the charity can generate. The charity mall allows customers to use the charity mall's home page as a portal for shopping at any num-ber of participating stores. For each online purchase, the PTA would receive a percentage of the sale. Working with the e-commerce business in this way, the PTA is less likely to be characterized as conducting a business, and instead, is simply receiving royalties. Each fundraising opportunity must be evaluated individually. Businesses ShouldUnderstand PTA policies and procedures, especially in relation to the noncommercial, nonsectarian, and nonpartisan policies; Not violate PTA policies, positions, and goals; Exclude all websites that sell or feature firearms, tobacco, liquor, or adult content material; Have a written policy that supports education opportunities; Offer benefits to PTA; Encourage participation in PTA; Protect the privacy and security of users:
Not require mandatory registration or membership in order to participate in the program; Ensure that program interface is clear, functional, and easy to use; Structure payments to the PTA as royalties; Specifically identify the PTA unit as the separate and distinct entity receiving the royalties, rather than just listing the school site; Provide a complete accounting for determining share of royalties on a monthly basis; Require a minimal amount of effort from the PTA in promotional activities; Be seen as a fundraising company acting as an intermediary between retailers and consumers. Note: made through e-commerce generally will not result in tax-deductible charitable contributions, unless the purchaser can demonstrate that the amount paid for the item exceeded its fair market value and that the excess payment was intended to be a gift to the PTA. Selecting Appropriate Fundraising ActivitiesWhen considering and carrying out large fundraisers, keep the following concerns in mind:
SAFEGUARDS FOR CONDUCTING FUND-RAISING PROJECTSTo protect the PTA and its volunteers against loss, theft and mismanagement of funds, the following procedures must be followed: 1. Ensure that the proceeds of the project are designated for a specific purpose that meets the Purposes of the PTA. 2. Read all contracts carefully. 3. Ensure that the contract is signed by two elected officers of the PTA, one of whom must be the president, after the membership has voted to conduct the project. 4. Follow the financial procedures required by the California State PTA bonding insurance program. 5. Ensure that money is always counted by at least two PTA board members in a secure location. 6. Plan for the safe-keeping of money until it is deposited in the bank. 7. Follow correct financial procedures:
Alcohol and PTA EventsSelling Alcohol according to the California Education Code, Chapter 8, ARticle 2, Section 82580, "It is unlawful to offer or sell any controlled substance, alcoholic beverage or intoxicant on school premises." PTAs may not sell alcoholic beverages under any circumstance. In accordance with the California State PTA insurance program, PTAs may not engage in the sale of alcoholic beverages.Many PTAs hold annual silent auctions and dinners as fundraisers, at which bottles and/or cases of wine are donated for use as auction items. These donated bottles and/or cases of wine may be used as auction items provided the auction is held at a nonschool- site location and the contents are not decanted during the event or on the premises. PTAs may auction donated alcoholic beverages but may not sell alcoholic beverages under any circumstance. Serving of Alcohol at PTA Events The California State PTA strongly urges its unit, council, and district PTAs to refrain from serving alcoholic beverages at PTA functions. If alcoholic beverages are served at a PTA function, the PTA may not serve them. Any alcoholic beverages must be provided and served by a licensed establishment or catering company that has the appropriate permits and insurance.When a PTA is planning an event that will include alcoholic beverages, the PTA may not collect for the cost of the alcoholic beverages through ticket sales. This cost must be paid separately to the licensed establishment or catering company with the valid permits and insurance. Under no circumstances may PTA funds be used to purchase alcoholic beverages or bottles of alcohol. Remember, the purpose of the PTA is to work on behalf of all children and speak for "everychild.onevoice."PTA funds and efforts should be used to further their purpose. If the unit has any further questions regarding this subject, please do not hesitate to contact the California State PTA insurance broker, Armstrong/Robitaille Insurance Services, telephone 800.733.3036. CHOOSING A FUND-RAISING COMPANYEvaluate and research several fundraising companies. Determine the best value for the PTA in working with a specific fundraising company. Invite several companies to give presentations in order to compare several aspects of each program. Do not select a company based on one criterion, such as percentage of profit. Determine the quality of the product. Higher quality items will generate more sales and enhance the reputation of PTA. Determine what services are offered to make the fundraising effort as trouble-free as possible.
Determine the experience, professionalism, and reputation of the company within the community. Ask how long the company has been in business, whether the company is a member of the Association of Fundraisers and Direct Sellers (www.afrds.com), and for two to three references. If a company will not provide references, it is an indication not to use its services.When provided, contact references and ask about their experience with the company and whether they recommend using it. Determine what safety measures or policies the company offers. Review samples of the company's letters, videos, flyers, and other promotional materials that indicate safety is assured. Determine the company's ability to meet the PTA's goals. The retail price of the product should represent a fair market value for its goods and be reasonably priced. The PTA should be able to make a fair profit. Ask whether the company can demonstrate a history of success, placing the burden of proof on the company to convince the PTA that their goal will be met. Do not pay in full for products until the complete order is delivered. If a deposit is requested, it should be a token amount of the total order. Verify the company carries liability insurance. The Insurance and Loss Prevention Guide provides a list of Concessionaire/Vendors/Service Providers who have filed the appropriate evidence of insurance with the California State PTA Insurance Broker. Because a vendor is listed with insurance DOES NOT mean that all activities he/she might offer are approved. The red, yellow and green pages must be observed. Refer to Insurance and Loss Prevention Guide for additional information. OPERATION OF BINGO GAMES FOR CHARITABLE PURPOSESBingo is a game of chance that must comply with regulations of all local authorities, including school district and city and local governments. Consult with county council and/or city attorney to determine local code and ordinances.When authorized, PTA, as an organization that falls within 23701d of the Revenue and Taxation Code (charitable organization and tax-exempt), may receive a license to operate a bingo game provided that all provisions of California State Penal Code 326.5 are met. A copy of the current Penal Code 326.5 that pertains to bingo is included as a part of these guidelines. It is important to keep updated on legislative changes to this Code. Since its inclusion in the California State Penal Code in 1975, amendments were added in 1977, 1979, 1980 and 1981. PTAs undertaking bingo must adhere to all provisions of the California State Penal Code 326.5. Violation of any provision is a misdemeanor, and certain subdivisions carry an additional fine not to exceed $10,000. Emphasis is given to the following points as contained in the California State Penal Code 326.5: The PTA may not join with another organization in the operation of bingo. Only the organization authorized to conduct a bingo game shall operate such a game, or participate in the promotion, supervision, or any other phase of such game. No individual, corporation, partnership or other legal entity except the organization authorized to conduct a bingo game shall hold a financial interest in the conduct of such bingo game. Financial ProceduresLease the property from the school district for the specific purpose of operation of bingo games. Have the school district donate the use of the property to the PTA for the performance of the purposes for which the PTA is organized. Prohibit minors from participating in any bingo game. Ensure that the bingo chairman is a member of the PTA's executive board. Keep all profits derived from a bingo game in a separate bank account utilizing the PTA Employer Identification Number (EIN). Ensure that the authorized check signers (elected officers only) comply with the Bylaws for Local PTA/PTSA Units, Article VI, Section 6***f. Count money with at least two PTA board members in a secure location. Do not keep funds at committee members' homes. Maintain accurate, current records. Provide treasurer with a written report of financial procedures. Ensure that profits are not commingled with any other fund or account. Ensure that profits are used only for charitable purposes, such as PTA programs and projects, which exclude PTA organizational expenses. (Bingo games are subject to State of California audits.) Operate and staff games by members of the PTA unit. Do not use proceeds to pay salaries or wages of game operators. Bingo proceeds are considered to be part of the gross receipts of the unit (Gross Receipts 5.7.5, 241). They must be accounted for in the semiannual audit, the budget and all financial reports to the executive board and association. If someone other than the treasurer is responsible for reporting, a financial report must be made at each executive board and association meeting. The proceeds also must be considered when determining the necessity for Federal and Unrelated Business Income Tax reporting. LEGAL RAFFLES FOR PTASForms and information on how to conduct a legal raffle can be obtained by going to the California Attorney Generals website. (See www.ag.ca.gov/charities/raffles.htm Section 320.5 Gambling: Charitable Raffles.) A completed registration form and registration fee must be submitted by September 1 of each year (September 1 through August 31) during which a raffle is expected to be conducted. A separate Nonprofit Raffle Report must be completed for each raffle conducted during a reporting year (September 1 through August 31). Reports are due on or before September 1 (California Penal Code section 320.5). SCRIP PROGRAMSScrip is a coupon that may be redeemed in lieu of using cash at the store that issued the scrip. Scrip is purchased, usually from grocery stores, in large amounts for a discount off the face value. The PTA then sells the scrip at the full value, raising funds for the unit.When purchased directly, scrip is redeemable by anyone and, therefore, is as subject to loss or theft as cash. The basic bonding insurance provided as part of the California State PTA insurance program may not be sufficient for PTAs that sell large amounts of scrip. Higher limits are available for those who have a need. Please refer to the Insurance and Loss Prevention Guide. Inform purchasers that scrip is not tax deductible since the full value is received when paying for items at the issuing store, just as if they paid with cash. Ensure the Scrip Committee follows correct financial practices. Work directly with the store(s) and purchase the scrip with a PTA check signed by two authorized elected officers. Keep an accurate record of scrip inventory and all sales. Provide a written report to the treasurer with deposit receipts attached, to be placed on file for audit. Use a stamp to mark front of checks received in payment for scrip, "Scrip Purchase Not Tax Deductible." Make arrangements for safe-keeping of scrip between sales. Do not keep scrip at committee member's private residence or in a car trunk. Renting a safe deposit box at a bank is recommended for large amounts of scrip. If unsold scrip or money cannot be deposited in the bank immediately, establish advance arrangements with the principal to use the school safe. It is recommended the PTA purchase a small safe or lock box to place inside the school safe. Prior to placing unsold scrip or money in the school safe, two PTA executive board members must count it. Document the amount and have the documentation signed by the PTA executive board members. The principal may require that a school representative verify the documentation. Conduct sales of scrip in a safe, protected location. Provide interested customers with a name and phone number of a person who can be contacted for information about the sale. Never use children as couriers. Do not sell scrip in parking lots or at ball games. Maintain control of the program to ensure that all scrip sales are accurately reported. Receive a monthly accounting of scrip purchases from the electronic scrip company. The following considerations must be addressed regarding the terms of any contract for an electronic- operated scrip program.
A business may not use and must not have access to the PTA's Internal Revenue Service Employer Identification Number (EIN). Any requirement in the contract for the PTA's Internal Revenue Service EIN must be deleted. Prior to entering into a contract on behalf of a PTA, remember:
The fact that the activity is not a financial success or that the PTA has insufficient funds to meet its obligation has no effect on the responsibility assumed. Remember, if there are any questions about the terms or conditions of the contract, the proper time to seek legal advice is before the contract is signed (Contracts 5.5.1, 232). Obtaining GrantsGrants are specific funds given to an organization to perform specific functions. PTA districts, councils, and units may apply for grants in order to fund many of their projects and programs. Businesses, foundations and corporations give grants to causes they consider worthwhile. When applying for grants, PTAs may want to stress the points that public schools produce future employees and that donations or gifts are tax deductible, as PTA is a 501(c)(3) organization. Organizations like the American Cancer Society, March of Dimes, Kiwanis, and Lions Clubs will make funds available for projects that fulfill their goals, such as programs addressing child abuse or substance abuse prevention. The project for which a PTA is seeking grant funds must be one that promotes the Purposes of the PTA, is relevant to the PTA's goals, and has been approved by a vote of the membership. PTA members must be committed to following through with the stated goals of the program. The project should be one that will not commit the participation of succeeding PTA boards. If the PTA is serious about seeking grants, find someone with expertise in writing grant proposals. The local school district may have a qualified staff member. Seek the guidance of people who are knowledgeable about the intricacies of writing proposals. The first step is to gather information about possible sources of funding. These include the federal and state governments, private foundations, community foundations, private individuals, and public sector funds such as United Way. PTA districts, councils, and units may apply for grants in order to fund many of their projects and programs. GRANT WRITINGA grant writing chairman can be appointed by the president to coordinate PTA grant writing efforts. When a PTA is interested in applying for outside funds to help implement a PTA project, a committee should be appointed by the president to look for sources of funding and to prepare the proposal. GRANT REQUEST PROCESSContact the grant source in writing with a brief letter of intent explaining the project. Request the grant specifications from the funder and follow them carefully. Find out who is responsible for reviewing grants and send the proposal to that person. Follow up with a phone call if the donor has not responded within six to eight weeks. Seek a personal meeting to explain the PTAs proposal further. Be open to questions. Be succinct. If the proposal is not funded, ask why. Be open to questions. Be succinct. If the proposal is not funded, ask why. Recommend revisions for future proposals. Accept the final decision graciously. Always properly acknowledge the funder's generosity when the request is funded. PROPOSALSWhen writing the proposal, provide detailed information about the proposed project. Most grant proposals have a distinct format, but the information sought by funders is often the same:
The grant writing chairman or committee should maintain a file of completed applications, individuals who are resources, and possible sources of funds to assist future committees. If the grant is awarded, the grant writing chairman is responsible for complying with the donors reporting requirements, including providing the units IRS Employer Identification Number (EIN). A PTA may furnish a donor with an EIN if requested. The treasurer must track all expenditures carefully; this information is a requirement in all grant funder reports. Keep the association aware of the progress of the grant application process, and use the reports submitted to the funder to inform the association of the project's implementation progress. All action taken on grant applications or project implementation must be recorded in the PTA minutes. |
Basic Policies PTA as an Employer Fundraising Tax Filing Support Center Handling Requests for Relief Assistance Insurance Forms Frequently Asked Questions Toolkit Many of the materials in this Web site are available in Adobe Acrobat PDF format. The Acrobat reader is a free download from Adobe Software. |


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Hi, Hope someone out there has this recipe. I was given a pint jar of mix for Christmas. It's a little different from the others that I've found on the web. A pint jar with the lentils, dry tortellini and spices. Instructions say to empty the jar ingredients into a 3 quart saucepan. Ajdd 1-28 oz.can of tomatoes, 1 sliced carrot and 2 cups water. Bring mixture to boil. reduce heat and simmer for 50 minutes.
Does anyone have the recipe for the dry ingredients? I added 2 stalks celery and substituted chicken broth for the water. It was really delicious. Thanks, |
Follow-Up Postings:
Well, when I googled it up, I came up with this recipe about 4 times on different web sites - maybe this will help you out. Split Pea Tortellini Soup Mix 3 ounces dried cheese-filled tortellini (2/3 cup) Layer ingredients in a large jar. GIFT TAG INSTRUCTIONS: To make Split Pea Tortellini Soup: Serves 4. |
Here is a link that might be useful: Soup Mix
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subset: commoncrawl


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May 31, 2011
Jefferson City, Mo. – Attorney General Chris Koster said today that David Murry, of Hannibal, has been found guilty of two counts of statutory rape. Marion County Judge Russell Steele heard the case. Koster said the children were 11 and 16 years old at the time the rapes were disclosed.
Koster said Murry will be sentenced on June 27 and faces up to life prison.
Koster said Assistant Attorneys General Sue Boresi and Morgan Ditch represented the state in the case.


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Alaskan Salmon Chowder
We love salmon. Especially wild caught Alaskan salmon. Since we can't get it from the source ourselves yet, we rely on the local grocery stores for our fix. One of the dishes I have been dying to make is salmon chowder. I have made it once before, but honestly cannot remember what the heck I put in it. So this time, I winged it, and it turned out AMAZING! This one is definitely a new addition to our menu plan, and I doubt we will have any leftovers for very long.
What I did a little differently than our norm was to use canned Alaskan salmon. Not only to see if it would work for convenience, but also for when the price of fresh fish goes up. Tell you what, it was wonderful. And don't even get me started on how much easier it was! Fresh fish will always be our first choice, but when the time comes, the canned works just as well.
Next time I make it, I plan to use bread bowls! I dipped some sliced french bread into my bowl last night, and I think the bread bowl would be an excellent switch-up.
I hope you enjoy the recipe, and if you liked the post, please feel free to share it via the buttons below!
- 4 cups chicken stock
- 1 cup water
- 3 medium Russet potatoes, cubed
- 1 cup shredded carrots
- ½ red onion, minced
- 1 tbsp garlic, minced
- 2 tbsp butter
- ½ tsp basil
- 2 cups milk
- 1 lb colby jack cheese, shredded or cubed
- 1 can creamed corn (can add more to preference)
- 3 6 oz. cans Alaskan salmon
- dash pepper (or to taste)
- Add the chicken stock and potatoes to a large pot and bring to low boil, until potatoes are tender.
- Meanwhile, saute onions and garlic in butter until onions are tender. Add to cooked potatoes in chicken stock.
- Add carrots and basil to chicken stock and simmer until cooked, about 10 minutes.
- Stir in milk, cheese, corn, salmon, and pepper. Cook on low-medium until cheese is melted.
9 Responses to Alaskan Salmon Chowder
Oooh, that sounds yummy! I bought canned salmon awhile back and wasn't sure what I was going to do with it. Thanks for this great idea.
Found your site yesterday, made this delicious chowder today and wouldn't change a thing. Used canned salmon and wondered if I should add jalapenos. Nope! It's great as is. Thanks for the inspiration.
Oooo….. another recipe for my home canned salmon! I made salmon patties the other night. This would make a great switch-up! Thanks!
Stopping by from Katherine's Corner during the blog hop. This recipe sounds amazing! I am a salmon lover myself and living in Montana rarely get fresh caught. Great idea to use canned salmon. Thanks for this post, I am definitely trying this.


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Cross site scripting attacks are very common and easy way of trying to break into any website. To secure web page from this common security threat, Asp.net always had request validation mechanism in place.
What is cross site scripting(XSS) attacks
In any simple asp.net web page, go to textbox and type <test>. Unless the request validation has been disabled, you will get either ugly yellow page exception message indicating "A potentially dangerous Request.Form value was detected from the client blah.." or if you have exception handling in place for all exceptions then more generic custom exception message.
If you have disabled request validation explicitly then you are running the risk of being under XSS attacks.
Although, we know that letting user enter script characters like less than (<) is not good practice and can cause serious issue in terms of XSS attacks, Sometime it becomes part of requirement.
Before .Net 4.0 the option was to disable request validation for the page by setting attribute in <@Page> tag
<%@ Page validateRequest="false" %>
After which it becomes developers responsibility to check every input to make sure it does not contain mallicious script.
Custom request validation in .Net 4.0
From .Net 4.0, we now have a option of extending default request validation.
The RequestValidator class of System.Web.Util namespace is the base class for standard request validation. We can override the to add our own implmentation.
To understand its use, consider this scenario which I faced recently.
Note: Please note that, the custom request validation logic which I used here is for demonstration purpose only. The logic may have some faults. But the intentions is to show how we can implement custom logic in RequestValidator class.
There is a small Asp.net application which has user module and admin module. I want default request validation to do its work for all pages of user module. In admin section, there are many pages and it contains some textboxes where admin user can enter some raw HTML code.
The requirement is, Admin user should be allowed to enter only raw html links like this
 blah..
at the same time, any attempt by admin user to enter any other html tag or script tag should be validated (not allowed)
that means,  should not be allowed.
The standard request validation mechanism cannot provide us the option of such selective validation but, custom request validation does. To see custom request validation in action for above scenario, let us create sample application in .Net 4.0 (and Visual Studio 2010).
In the test application, create App_Code folder and add a new class. Name the new class as CustomRequestValidation.cs and add below code in the class
using System; using System.Web; using System.Web.Util; public class CustomRequestValidation : RequestValidator { public CustomRequestValidation() { } protected override bool IsValidRequestString(HttpContext context, string value, RequestValidationSource requestValidationSource, string collectionKey, out int validationFailureIndex) { validationFailureIndex = -1; //Set a default value for the out parameter. if (requestValidationSource == RequestValidationSource.Form && context.Request.Path.Contains("Admin.aspx")) { //If the form data contains less thand and greater than characters then use logic to identify the tag name if (value.Contains("<") && value.Contains(">")) { //split string with less than character string[] strValues = value.Split('<'); //loop through all splitted strings for (int i=1;i<strValues.Length;i++) { //after trim, check if the string starts with a or /a. i.e. string contains <a href or  if ((!strValues[i].Trim().ToUpper().StartsWith("A ")) && (!strValues[i].Trim().ToUpper().StartsWith("/A"))) return false; //if yes, then continue and set validationfailureindex to -1 so as to avoid error. } validationFailureIndex = -1; return true; } else //Leave any further checks to ASP.NET. return base.IsValidRequestString(context, value,requestValidationSource, collectionKey, out validationFailureIndex); } else { return base.IsValidRequestString(context, value, requestValidationSource, collectionKey, out validationFailureIndex); } } }
As it is clear from the code, below are important points to note in the code
To check request string, above code first checks that custom validation code is used only for validating form data (i.e. for querystring type of data, standard request validation logic will be used) this make it cleaner implementation wherein we are not breaking validation logic for other request types.
The code then splits incoming string with less than character and checks each part of splitted string to check if it either starts with "a " or "/a". That means string contains   which is fine. The validation logic will not allowed string like
Note: In this demo code, I have considered only Form data as request validation source. However, you can validate reuquest data coming from URL, Cookies, form, files etc. For complete lise of request source types and definition of individual function parameter, please visit here
See custom request validation in action
We have simply created a class which overrides RequestValidator class. To make our application to use this class instead of standard request validation, we need to add following lines of code in web.config file of web site
<system.web> <httpRuntime requestValidationType="CustomRequestValidation" /> </system.web>
The name of requestValidationType in above config setting is nothing but the name of request validation class we have used above.
In the request validation class, we have added a check that the request url contains file name as Admin.aspx. This is rather straightforward test assuming that only authenticated admin user would have access to admin.aspx. In real world scenario you might have to use more complex logic like the request url should contain "admin" in the path and that all admin pages be present inside admin directory which can be accessed by only admin user etc.
For test purpose, add a new web page in the project and name it as Admin.aspx. Add a textbox in the page and a button control. Run the page and type "<test>" in the textbox and hit enter.
Now,run the page again and enter value as " Click Here "
and click on the button. Since it contain <a and </a, This will pass custom request validation and display html output in a label like this
By allowing extension for request validation mechanism in .Net 4.0 It becomes really easy to deal different request validation scenarios. At the same time we can continue relying upon standard request validation for rest of the request data.
Thanks for visiting my site and reading this article. I hope to see your comments :)
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Mon, Oct 27, 08 at 23:57
It is a shiny, black veneer which I can pick pieces off. Is there anything that can be done to salvage the top? Thanks,
Follow-Up Postings:
Is it a veneer or is it painted? |
I really don't know. My guess is veneer because I can pick pieces of it off. Whatever it is, its very black and shiny. I don't see any wood grain. How could I find out? Jane |
Just the way it's flaking makes me think it's paint. Veneer loosens and bubbles and chips, but it doesn't flake like that (with little bits still sticking in a big bare area like you have, or little flakes coming off intact areas). It tends to get chipped and pulled off on edges, drawers, and comes off in 1 piece (even if it's a small chip)with a very definite height difference (since they don't make it actually paper-thin), not little places all over. If the table was always meant to be painted, it could be pretty nondescript wood, no definite grain. Veneer is usually wood-grained, they make it to save money and just put a thin layer of pretty (expensive) wood (often in a pattern) glued to a basic wood. With the damage that extensive, in the middle of the table, you would have to strip everything off and repaint/reveneer (can't patch veneer that bad, in the middle of a piece, if it is veneer, though sometimes they can reveneer chipped edges and blend them in). So try a paint stripper. Then sand, tack, and repaint. |
Actually, it's probably a colored lacquer, not what you'd think of as paint (though spray paints are lacquers). I don't think you'd want to spray it again through, so painting and then putting a gloss finish on top would be easier. If it's a fairly small table and you have a steady hand (and mask off the areas you don't want to lacquer), well-ventilated place to work, you can use either a spray lacquer/paint, or brush on a gloss paint and spray or brush on lacquer after the paint is dry. It'll take several thin coats of lacquer to get a deep gloss. You may want to try shellac instead - Bobsmyuncle recommended Zinnser Sealcoat (sold as a sanding sealer) as a good out-of-the-can, readily available product. I haven't used it yet. |
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I am in the process of removing the 1980s fireplace surround that goea all the way to the ceiling. It is slow going but I hope to be done by next weekend.
Above the mantel I am planning on having just drywall but what should I have under the tile that is to around immediately around the opening? I don't know what burns and what does not; so what do you suggest? |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by haus_proud (My Page) on Mon, Jun 30, 08 at 15:33
You are right to be concerned about putting something combustible too close to the firebox. That would be a fire hazard. You can use brick, tile, metal (black cast iron is a good idea because it goes with so many styles.) I would Google fireplace surround or mantel. You'll get a whole lot of websites and interesting ideas. At some point,it might be a good idea to have a chimney expert look at your project to make sure you have planned the right clearances between the firebox and combustible surfaces. If you haven't had your chimney cleaned, I would hire a chimney sweep who can give you that kind of advice. |
The fireplace has not been used so it has not been cleaned. I have most of the equipment for it but haven't hard the time and it is not a priority. This is mostly a cosmetic change but one that I don't want to cause problems in the future. We have to redo almost the entire house on a limited budget so I can't hire a contractor for everything. I am in the process of pulling the brick off the fireplace. I would like to put tile around the firebox but should it adhere to? I would expect particle board, plywood or drywall to be bad choices which is why I asked. |
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Self+Tucker Architects
STA is a full-service firm offering architecture, interior design, planning and urban design expertise. Team STA includes 15 design professionals. We are particularly passionate about downtown redevelopment and neighborhood revitalization. We believe that the quality of life within our city is enriched by each well designed building and exceptional public space.
In addition to our creative strengths, we understand budgets, schedules, facility maintenance, energy consumption and all the practical issues related to building design. We have four LEED Accredited Professionals (LEED APs) on staff. We are becoming experts in Sustainable Design and Energy Conservation as we strive to create buildings that have healthier interior environments and that consume less energy.
"We believe each building we design should enhance the quality of life of its occupants and enrich the architectural fabric of our community. "
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I was unloading the truck this morning, and I realized something about the single sphere tournament legal Player deck: it won't be possible to build one. Not without AT LEAST one expansion, anyhow.
We start with the rules for Player Deck construction, from page 27 of the rulebook: "A tournament deck must contain a minimum of 50 cards.
Additionally, no more than three copies of any card, by title, can be included in a player's deck." Seems easy enough. Lots of card games have a minimum deck size and a maximum number of individual card copies per deck.
But look at the sphere breakdown from page 10:
"Leadership (cards 13-27; heroes Aragorn, Glóin, Théodred)
"Tactics (cards 28-42; heroes Legolas, Gimli, Thalin)
"Spirit (cards 43-57; heroes Éowyn, Dunhere, Eleanor)
"Lore (cards 58-72; heroes Glorfindel, Denethor, Beravor)"
That's only 15 cards per sphere! A single sphere deck can only have three of each of these cards (plus three Gandalf) for a total of 48 cards! And, you'd need three core sets just to get enough cards to do that!
I suppose you could just wait a month and buy an expansion for some more cards, or just throw in two off-sphere cards and hope you never draw them. Still, I feel kind of sad that you have to jump through hoops like that just to make a deck focused one one sphere tournament legal.
What do you think? Am I missing anything here?


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Race date for 2015 is Saturday, September 19. Race will begin at 11 am in Riverside park.
Congratulations to the 2014 Banana Belt participants! THANK YOU to all the racers and volunteers for a great day.
Registration is now open for 2014!
Paper registration forms are available to download here, or on-line registration is available at www.bikereg.com. If you are downloading a paper form, please make sure to also print and fill out the attached waiver. Registration cost is $40 per person (pre-registration). All race day registrations will be charged an additional $10.
Please use your age on race day when signing up for your event category.
Entry fee includes a supported timed race, gender specific race t-shirt, post race snacks, one drink coupon for the after party, and a half-off coupon to the Salida Hot Springs Aquatic Center for use at a later date.
Race day registration is available at Riverside Park in downtown Salida from 9:45-10:45am for $50.
Registration categories include the following for males and females: ages 16 and under; 17-19; 20-35; 36-50; 51-65; 66 and over; and singlespeed.
Race Details
This 26 mile mountain bike race begins and ends in downtown Salida by Riverside Park, located on Sackett Avenue. After the race begins in downtown Salida, riders will cross over Hwy 50 and head up CR 101 to the Rainbow Trail. Riders then begin a rolling six mile stretch of single-track before descending via CR 108, the Little Rainbow Trail, and finally Race Track trail. Riders then head back to downtown Salida.
The race will begin with a mass start at 11am at the F Street bridge in downtown Salida. We expect riders to place themselves in a start position appropriate to their ability.
Please note: this is an approximately 26 mile mountain bike ride at elevations ranging from 7,000 feet to 9,000 feet. It is not a beginner mountain bike course. We will not enforce a strict time cut-off, but do expect participants to be able to complete the course in a reasonable time (under 4 hours).
This race is being held under permits from the United States Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management.
For more information about the Banana Belt course, including maps and an elevation profile, click here.
We will present awards following the race in Riverside Park in downtown Salida. Snacks will also be available after the race at Riverside Park for all racers.
We will also hold an after party at the Boathouse Cantina in downtown Salida. All racers will receive one drink ticket to the after party, which will take place from 5:00 – 8:30pm. We are hosting this after party with Salida Mountain Trails, a local, non-profit organization in town dedicated to building and improving trails in the Salida area. Beer will be generously provided by members of the Arkansas Valley Libations Society and we will have live music with The Riff – a local band who played at last year's Banana Belt after party. Everyone is encouraged and invited to come on over to the Boathouse to celebrate!
2013 Results: BB Results
Sorted results are available here: 2013 Banana Belt Loop Results
Congratulations and thank you to all of our participants!
Rules and Other Considerations
Participants must complete the course under their own power. No motor vehicles allowed. All participants must wear a helmet. Stay on the marked route and do not go off the route to bypass or cut corners. No littering on course – we rely on permits from multiple agencies and also strongly agree with Leave No Trace principles ourselves – if you are caught littering, you may be disqualified. Any rider dropping out of the race must notify a race official. If unaccounted for, the rider will be responsible for paying for a Search and Rescue team sent out to look for them. Please obey race officials. Race officials have the right to remove any rider from the course deemed necessary for their safety and the safety of others.
Be prepared to share the trails and roads with other users as they will be open to public use during the event – this includes motor vehicles. Please assist other riders in a medical or other emergency. Use of iPods or mp3 players is strongly discouraged for safety reasons.
A huge thank you goes to our sponsors. We could not put on an event like this without the help of a lot of different people and businesses in town. Thank you to our 2013 sponsors, who are included below. We are actively looking for sponsors for 2014 – please email firstname.lastname@example.com if you are interested in sponsoring this race!
Absolute Bikes, the Arkansas Valley Libations Society, Arlie Dale's Jug Liquor, the City of Salida, Gone to the Dogs, Judd Fine Homes, Jon MacManus art, the Monarch Crest Crank, Natural Habitats, Salida Bike Shop, Salida Mountain Sports, Salida Mountain Trails, Subculture Cyclery, and YOLO for your support – we really appreciate it!
We also want to give a big thank you to the following businesses for providing food for the riders and volunteers during the 2013 event. These include Fiesta Mexicana, Rise & Shine Bakery, Safeway, Shallots, and WalMart.
About Us
The Banana Belt Mountain Bike Race was started by a local bike club and riders in 1989. The Salida Chamber of Commerce took over organization of the race before it was discontinued. For the 2nd year, this race is now being organized by the Salida Recreation Department. The Salida Rec Department is housed at the Salida Hot Springs Aquatic Center at 410 Hwy 50, Salida, CO. Our mission is to enrich and empower lives through recreation in our community.
For more information, email Kristy at email@example.com.


text: Preschool math is very different from the math we think of for elementary school aged children. Preschoolers are developing the skills they will need to be successful at understanding basic the math concepts they will be taught in school. In order to develop a strong foundation for later success in … [Read more...]


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You will Watch Magi-Nation Season 1 Episode 22 online for free episodes with HQ / high quality. Stream cartoons Magi-Nation 122 Brave New Realm Our heroes' search for the lost Arderial Dreamstone leads them to a strange, uncharted island controlled by Korg and Zed, whom the kids can only defeat by teaming up with their Shadow Magi enemies Chur, Warrador and Ashio. From 4Kids TV 0 / 20 - 0 ratings.
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Reviewed PW's Prime Rib with Rosemary Salt Crust
Dec 24, 2012 in Food Network Community Toolbox on FoodNetwork.com
"We just finished dinner and this was amazing. Hubby said it was the best meal I've made. I didn't know about the temperature change so it took longer, but the meat was still cooked perfectly. Thanks for hurling to make an excellent Christmas Eve dinner. ""
Reviewed Pommes Chef Anne
Feb 7, 2011 in Food Network Community Toolbox on FoodNetwork.com
"Chef Anne, you rock. I've made several recipes from this season, but this was my families favorit. It flipped out nicely and tasted wonderful. It was a lot easier than I thought. I will make this many more times in the future. I served it with roasted chicken. "


text: you asked... Q&A: Buying maternity bras? What should I look for in a maternity bra? What style and material is best? And what about sizing -- will I need bigger ones as my pregnancy continues? Want to participate? Log in to share your thoughts Re: What should I look for in a maternity bra? What style and material is best? And what about sizing -- will I need bigger ones as my pregnancy continues? There's no steadfast rule, but in general, it'll be time to say goodbye to your lacy lingerie and find a good maternity bra around week 18. And no, your current bra in three sizes bigger won't do the trick --maternity and nursing bras are specifically designed to provide the best support for growing, pregnant bodies. Forget those "room to grow" ideas -- it's important to have optimum support right from the start. Instead, save money by getting nursing bras, which you'll also be able to use after delivery. They offer the same support, but have an opening in the cup for feeding.Professional bra fitters are your best option for finding the perfect fit, but if you're shopping solo, keep these rules in mind: the cup should fully cover your breast, the band shouldn't ride up in the back, back closures should be thick and have four or more hooks, and straps should be wide and cushioned for comfort and support.Some professionals recommend steering clear of underwire bras, because they can restrict milk ducts. Look for high cotton content material, which will let your skin breathe. Buy at least two or three -- no need to spend your entire pregnancy doing laundry. Keep in mind, though, you'll probably have to make two purchases -- one in your first or second trimester and another in the final weeks. Paula Kashtan re: Q: Maternity Bras? At a maternity store they recommended a 34E. It was so uncomfortable and they didn't have any bigger sizes. I found a decent no wire 36DD at a department store. I'm still happier spilling out in my D underwire bras for now. tiff16 | re: Q: Maternity Bras? I was a 34 DD before I got pregnant and I'm even bigger now. Any suggestions on where you can find maternity bras? MrsD_111106 | re: Q: Maternity Bras? I too was a 34DD and the only place to find bras big enough is online at figleaves.com. Good luck! ppprincess | re: Q: Maternity bras? I thought barenecessities.com had a good selection. aebnyc | re: Q: Maternity bras? I have always been small in the chest (36A with a little room to spare!) and I don't feel as though my chest is growing much yet (15 weeks) Can I wait until I outgrow my current underwires? radebczak | re: Q: Maternity bras? I wish I didn't have this problem. At 15 weeks I've already gone from a 38B to a 38D and I"m sure...they'll get only bigger!!! Emilyd422 | re: Q: Maternity bras? man oh man mine are getting huge! its crazy but the dh loves it! hisbabybear | re: Q: Maternity bras? do your breasts shrink again after you give birth/after breastfeeding? i can't stand the thought of having a hard time finding bras forever! gummybearsong | re: Q: Maternity bras? Help. I need to find a 36/38 ddd or bigger than the ddd I have been a ddd for the last year and can't find any Maternity/Nursing bra's here, but 42 -46 I am not that big around. Is there a good web page that I can find them or do I just have to buy the larger ones and fix them myself to fit? SimmMomma | re: Q: Maternity bras? I've gone from a 34 C to a 34 DDD/E and im only 15 weeks. how much more can they possibly grow?? It feels so weird although my partner loves it. lol. heva5 | re: Q: Maternity bras? I tried nursing bras with my first pregnancy, but the only problem was that my nipples showed through my shirts! I tried nursing pads in the bra, but the re-usable ones were bulky and showed through my shirt and the dispisable ones had to be changed every day or got uncomfortable . . . which can get expensive pretty quickly. This is now my second pregnancy and I still haven't really decided what I'm going to do. e.sarah.mason | re: Q: Maternity bras? I found some decent bigger sizes at Lane Bryant. They're not nursing bras but they'll do for now. mallen727 | re: Q: Maternity bras? Will my boobs go back to the size they were before after I'm done breastfeeding? I'm so sad to see my pretty bras that I won't be able to wear for a long time if at all... :( dreamerdani | re: Q: Maternity bras? Where do you go to get professionally fitted? email@example.com | re: Q: Maternity bras? im in a true predicament (sp?) because BEFORE i was pregnant i was already 36G/I and now i'm even bigger! So it seems i'll have to do restricted online shopping for maternity bras, especially since i plan to breast feed... spazz_mama | re: Q: Maternity bras? If you find that you do not fit into regular sized bras (I'm a 30GG) then look at Bravissimo.com or BiggerBras.com they have beautiful bras (normal and maternity) in much larger sizes! Have fun shopping!! colliedog | re: Q: Maternity bras? Thank you so much! I have been having such a struggle with this and I started my pregnancy at a 32G. I don't even want to know how much bigger they are going to get! summiedawn | re: Q: Maternity bras? i was already a 40D to start with...and my boobs just exploded in the first few weeks i was pregnant! at 6 weeks i was actually already shopping for a maternity/nursing bra. i tried one on that had no underwire...it was the most comfortable thing in the world! so i bought it, wore it the next day to work.....and then realized it's only comfortable for about 10 minutes. then it started folding down in between my boobs and rolling up on the sides...generally speaking, it sucked! so now i'm lost.....my regular bras (with underwire) are too small, but they hurt me a lot less than that maternity bra! and you're not supposed to do the underwire thing b/c of your milk ducts? then make non-unerwire bras that don't suck! what's a big girl supposed to do! sarahorv | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I was a 34DD before, but quickly grew like some of you others. I found a 38F at Lane Bryant that fits ok around, but my 34DD still fit around too, what the heck? I would love to be able to just order a bra online, but each bra company makes the sizes different, and I don't know where to find the right sizes. Any ideas on places you can walk into and try them on? emnian | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I just ordered several from justmysize.com. I had to order DDD...and they have way larger sizes than that. I wish I knew about the underwire thing before I placed the order...to me it's a no brainer, of course i wanted underwire. My mom wears larger sized bras and she swears by justmysize.com for comfort - AND they have several on sale now for $14.99!! CreativeType | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? you can try them on at Buy Buy Baby, but I have to say the brand I purchased from there is very...industrial. They serve the purpose but they stick out under my clothes (if i wear something sleeveless or with a cute neckline). Here is how to measure yourself: http://www.jms.com/cgi-bin/ncommerce/ExecMacro/info.d2w/report?info=brasizing CreativeType | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Try BareNecessities.com - they have large sizes and many different styles of bras. I just did a search there for 34F and 36F. Not inexpensive, but they have t-shirt bras as well as lacey lingere. They offer free shipping on orders of $100 or more and $5 on all other orders. Also, if you want to exchange something, while you have to pay the cost of return shippment, they will not charge shipping for the replacement item. I think I'm going to try buying the same bra in 2 different sizes (no shipping cost), figuring out which one fits best, pay to ship the other back and get a second of the size that fits for no shipping cost. awintroub | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? http://www.evymama.ca/nursingbrastoronto.html in Toronto has a nursing bras up to size M! They are really helpful and have a big selection of pretty and comfy bras. lanaray0 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? It's crazy! I've gone from a 34A to falling out of my 34C. We're not telling anyone until I'm out of the 1st trimester so I hope no one notices. But when you start out 5'4" and 108 lbs it's pretty noticable when your boobs get so much bigger! Theresa_Penney | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I don't have an answer, but I do have another question. As a pre-pregnancy 34DD, I have strong opinions about bras and what I need for support. At 16 weeks, I am up to 34DDD/E, and I assume things will get bigger. Pre-pregs I swore by Wacol, but now pregnant I went and bought a couple maternity and nursing bras at Destination Maternity. I've had them for a week, and I absolutely hate them. I can't handle how little support they have (the girls are HEAVY these days), and I didn't realize until reading the comments here why they don't have underwire. So, my question is, does anyone have any recommendations for specific brands that provide good support? If I find any, I will let everyone know... mctrudy | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? before my pregnancy i was a 32ddd/e, i'm 9 weeks and already having to squeeze into my bras. anyone know where smaller framed people can find BIG bras? kknapp25 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Nordstrom has cerified fitters in the lignerie department, plus they have very large sizes adkins182 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? The salespeople at Intimacy are hands down the best bra fitters around! Their bras are expensive (esp. for something you'll only wear for a month or two), but it may be worth it to go in and get fitted, then buy a bra at one of the sites suggested above. I was a 34DDD/E pre-pregnancy and I'm a 40G now (@ 24 weeks), and I've bought two rounds of the Wacoal Awareness bra. I'll definitely be checking out bravissimo.com and biggerbras.com soon! AprilSunset | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? i think thats kind of early to buy a maternity bra! I didn't stop growing until around 25 weeks! I only grew one cup. went from 38c to 40d. I just bought bigger regular bras with underwire. I barley bought my first maternity bra a couple days ago and im 36 weeks pregnant. Junesong_109 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I've been in a Dillard's where the associate just looked at me, pulled some bras off the racks and sent me to the dressing room. Every one that she gave me to try on fit perfectly! rebeccatcrumpton | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I wish I had all your guys' problems. I was 34A before I was pregnant and I am 25 weeks now and guess what? I'm still a 34A, maybe 36A. Those sizes don't exist in maternity/nursing bras. That was one thing I was really looking forward to was having bigger boobs for once in my life, lol. Well I still have 15 more weeks so perhaps there is still hope... susie985 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I was a 32B and am now a 36C at 16 weeks. I just bought that size in a regular bra with room to grow, just like they said not too. Oh well, it was only $5.99 at Marshalls. I have only heard of professional fitters at Victoria's Secret. Do they sell nursing and maternity bras? Noelle1219 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I am just like susie985!! A 34A and not growing at 25 weeks. I am hoping I will be able to breastfeed but they are just not growing. I need to find a nursing bra because I am getting bigger around the band area but the breasts themselves are not growing. I am planning on getting measured this weekend but am not looking forward to what comes up. gneealex | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? If you live in New England or don't mind buying online Lady Grace has a good selection and if you go in person they measure you. You can find them at ladygrace.com. I bought the bra I needed for my wedding dress there - and the staff were super helpful both then and now that I'm expecting. liza2767 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? If you're in Northern Illinois, Tina's Closet in Lisle does professional fittings, and they have a wide variety of styles/sizes. I'm a 34F, and they had 3 or 4 bra styles in my size. The only thing is that there is a fee if you get fitted for a bra but decide not to purchase anything. dmurrie | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? My bras became too small for me almost as soon as I got pregnant. I was a 34C, now at 9 weeks I've bought a few sports bras which I love. Lots of support and very comfy too! laura_and_josef | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Gneealex: breast size doesn't necessarily relate to the ability to breastfeed. My mother had tiny little breasts (she is now a flat flat ironing board!) and she nursed both me and my sister for at least a year each. I have been a pretty solid 34B for years... and now that I'm pregant, I can definitely see some filing out - but only in one boob! Is this normal? I think lefty is WAY bigger than the other. argh. mzclaire | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? In response to radebczak | September 01 , 2008 10:15 AM I also am a 36A and have always had a little bit of room in some of my bras. I'm at 13 weeks right now and some of my bras I think fit better now. I'm planning to wait and see how it goes before I go out at buy larger sizes. I think if they are still small enough, support isn't a huge issue. And a cotton bra without a wire will probably last a little longer as far as comfort goes. I really liked the advice in this discussion about buying nursing bras during pregnancy so that you can use them afterward. This was helpful. Goodrichbaby | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? the Motherhood maternity store in Tyrone Mall in St. Petersburg has great nursing bras for $13! shaza88888 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I was a 34E and am now a 34H! OMG! Got an amazing nursing bra from herroom.com called Sophie - LOVE IT. Pretty and comfy. Keeps the girls up and no wire. Not sur how it's done but it works. For store shopping I love Town Shop and Nordstrom if I'm not in NYC. kaylin1974 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? If worst comes to worst, sports bras are great. No wire, and if you get them the right size and design they offer good support without squishing you. crymsonspyki | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? With my 1st pregnancy I was a 40dd then shrank back down to a 38d now im back up to a 40dd with 3 months to go...my sister on the other hand ballooned to a 36/38g...we both wore underwire bras and while I had 1 clogged duct the whole year of breastfeeding my 1st(he weined himself at a yr) my sister still breastfeeds (her daughter is almost 2 and its more a security thing) and has had no problems...I think it just depends on you destination maternity (if you have one) will fit you and theyre really nice or you can order bigger ones on their website :) kbpmkp | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Ugh...Im so frustrated. Im 20 wks and went bra shopping today. I was a 36DD before this pregnancy and am spilling out....I went to motherhood maternity wear thinking they'd have bigger sizes but with no luck :( I need a 36E at least and while they had a few E's in store they were all 40-44E. I want to be able to try my bra on! So frustrating! lol I'll try a few of the websites I've seen on here...wish me luck! :) Radchick | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I hate bra shopping as it is let alone for nursing bras. I started as a 36H (5 d's) and at 16 weeks I can still wear them but they imprint in to my breast tissue and make me itchy. I definitely cannot walk in to a store like Motherhood and find something that works. I have been scouring the internet looking for options and have found only a few places (like www.barenecessities.com) that have minimal options. Not sure why companies assume that just because the cup gets bigger that so does your rib cage???? I almost want to make my own but that sounds like a pain. Sports bras aren't comfortable because they are all razor back that ride high on my shoulders all the way up to my neck almost and because of the weight of my breasts on my muscles I start to hurt within an hour. michellepena8 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? If you have a Bosom Buddies in your area (I'm not sure where all they are located) you can go there for a custom fit/measurement and they have bras bigger than I could imagine. I am up to an F/FF and they have plenty bigger ones from there. As far as them going down after breastfeeding, they will but you will probably NOT go to your pre-pregnancy size. This is my third pregnancy and I went from 34C to 34D (after finishing breastfeeding), 34D to 34DD, and I am now up to a 34F maybe FF, I have to get measured today. You will stay bigger and get gradually bigger with every pregnancy. I know that sucks. I can't find pretty bras in my size and price range and haven't been able to since the second pregnancy. It's ok though. My fiance loves them. I had to warn him (and you alike) that after breastfeeding, they do lose some shape, but mine didn't lose too much. They are still very attractive, in my opinion. :) TrinityMachael | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I started at a 34D and just recently went into Motherhood Maternity and the sales associate helped me find a 38E that fit perfect! I am 16wks so I just bought one but it is really comfy, soft, and does not have an underwire! Good luck ladies, I am sure I will be checking out the websites too, I am scared to see how big they will grow!! email@example.com | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Okay, so I went shopping at a store in my area(Jackson, MS - Sal Liz) and the fitter was measuring me. When it came to cup size she was looking at the girls. Trying to be helpful, I said "I'm at least a DD." The lady, with a sympathetic look like she was gonna tell me my dog died, patted my hand and said "Oh honey....you are way bigger than that." After I purchased my bras (40G...did not know they make them that big!) I got in my car and just took a minute to laugh until my sides hurt! lolinshag | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? If you decide to breastfeed your breasts will stay the same size until about 4months or so then unfortunately yes they will shrink :(...also victoria secret does not have maternity bras missdaisie04 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Some places that have bigger bras are: www.biggerbras.com www.barenecessities.com I was looking around for a sports bra before I got pregnant (you know, going to the gym and all, but then I found out I was pregnant). I am a size 38 H (before I got pregnant) so I was sure that finding nursing bras would be a pain. But these two sites should help. Keep in mind some of them are in UK sizing, but they generally have the size adjustments charts underneath. I am 13 weeks now, and thinking I need to go be fitted for a new bra and then order it online... autumnshades | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I'm 13 weeks and Ive gone from a 36C to a 38DD. XxHardXxCandyXx | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I'm surprised that no one has mentioned checking out eBay. That's where I bought mine! Every size and every style at decent prices. I hate bra shopping too, so good luck! cammie686 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? for the woman that said try barenecessities, I would NEVER use them again, because I'm a size 44DD or 44F, and I bought a bra from them, the bra didnt even last me 3 weeks before it broke (the wire came out from in the fabric) and I returned it and I thought I would get my money back and I wasted around $80 for nothing, NO BRA nor NO MONEY! This company is nothing but a scam. mama2be2012 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I used to be a 34c/36b pre-pregnancy; at 24 weeks i finally went and got new bras (i avoided it for so long that i just went braless for awhile there); after trying on every bra in jcpenney, i ended up with a 40c. Sounds ridiculous but i am in heaven- it fits great, thd band is not constricting at all, & i am actually comfortable! My advice is dont listen to what the 'sizing expert' tells you is your size, or how they should fit- you know your body & what feels comfortable or too tight. She kept telling me that the 38c was the right fit, but i felt constricted! Im the one that has to wear it every day. So glad i did my own thing! Be sure to find the right band-width first (the # portion of a bra size), & then from there you can try on different cup sizes for that band-width. Jmjoy01 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Ladies, if you are looking for larger or harder to find sizes, try Casique by LaneBryant. While I'm not a plus size girl, they are the only store that carries bras for my large breasts. I am normally a 36 DDD which most stores don't even carry. Add the pregnancy size increase and it is difficult to find bras. Luckily I have LaneBryant which also carries nursing bras. Check them out and you will be pleased. zola_natalie | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I am a 42DD prior to pregnancy and haven't seen much actual volume growth yet at 9 weeks. I did have a girlfriend who is even more endowed than I who recommended Fredericks of Hollywood for the E+ sizes. I haven't tried it yet, but thought I'd pass along the info in case it works for anyone else. BTMommy2B | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I went to Nordstroms to be sized and she said I was a 32D (I was wearing 34B pre-pregnancy). I actually found the bras were really comfortable, but I wasn't going to spend $70 on a bra I might only wear for a short time. I was told to avoid Victoria Secret if you are an "odd" size because they give people the wrong information quite often. I'm really stuck right now because at 32, I can't find anything in the regular stores. I'm wearing 34C right now because I can find those, but they aren't the most comfortable. Any suggestions? Fraigle2012 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? After searching many stores, including the maternity ones, I found Nordstrom's to be the best. They did a fitting for me and had all sizes imaginable. I wound up getting a 32G and felt good know that they have larger cups available should the girls continue to grow. I don't like going online, because you can't try on. The store clerk was incredibly helpful and gave me tips for how to determine the best support. I spent a little bit more than I had planned. My boobs and back are less sore, so it was definitely worth it. babyE27 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I will be perfectly honest here and tell you that I have no intention of breast feeding, so underwire or not was not a hard decision for me. The best bras I have found have been at Lane Bryant by Cacique. LOVE them. Total support all around, no bunching or stretching or anything that makes it uncomfortable. Plus they have all the bigger sizes, and if they don't in the store, they can order them in for you. Love it wolfden8384 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I have worked in a Lingerie shop for nearly 14 years (i'm just about 32 now) and let me tell you ladies...buy the correct size bra! Being comfortable in a D bra and spilling out over your cups is not only bad for your breasts but it also looks bad under clothes and in general. Take the time and shop around for a good bra, that fits properly. It should be comfortable, but keep in mind, if you are used to wearing the wrong size, a new bra may feel uncomfortable at first! But do yourself a favor and wear the correct size! Support means everything and is extremely important for many reasons! heather2633 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I was a 34C, I am about to hit 10 weeks and mine have filled out for sure and feel much harder than usual. I can also see veins that i never did before it is crazy. I am currently exploding out of my bra(s), really have 2 that fit comfortably but I am nervous to go shopping so early since I am not even thru the first trimester!! Goodness...i am nervous for trimester 3 with these ladies! mrainey14 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I am going through this right now. I am 6 weeks and know I have already gone up a cup size - my cups are running over. Pre-pregnancy I was a 40G. I Googled plus size maternity bras and was directed to numerous sites that went up to a 44DD. That, in my opinion, is NOT plus size. I have a hard enough time getting regular bras (I usually order through Cacique) but am not looking forward to having to replace or re-order every few months. My husband even said they are definitely bigger and on a side note, they are very tender. I planned to go shopping this weekend, but it looks like I will be doing it from a computer instead. If you are big-busted, I wouldn't even bother trying to go to a store to shop in person. hla775 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Before I got pregnant I was a 46hhh. Now that I'm almost 21-22 weeks along I can barely fit into my bras anymore. I need maternity bras that will fit me right along with being comfortable wearing them. Plz any help or opinions animals4love | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? There are so many options on the market that are comfortable and conform to your changing body. You don't have to sacrifice style either! There are some great options that are sexy, but appropriate during pregnancy. Take a look here for a bit of information about what you should be looking for and some super, super cute styles :) http://blog.brayola.com/part-ii-lets-talk-about-maternity-bras-baby/ evonne814 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? If you`ll have problems in finding a bra you should take a look at Mother's Boutique nursing bra collection.I found some great stuff. ioana06 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I'm a 36DD and at 9 weeks am feeling the terrible pain in my breasts already (not looking forward to 30+ more weeks of this). Are there really wireless bras for big boobies? I"m going to have to start sleeping in a bra but don't want to be uncomfortable. I have a feeling I'm going in Es next. Any ideas ladies? jilliantoole | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I think you should also look for one of those nice perfumes which are very persistent and smell nice.The materials for a good bra I think are those which are not irritating the skin RaduO1 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Jilliantoole hopefully this can be a comfort to you, but within a month or 2 of being pregnany my breats went from 32C to 34DD..and hurt so bad I couldn't even give someone a light hug without wincing in pain! By about 3 1\2 months the pain went from excruciating to just a little bit tender and they have just ever so slightly grown since...but not enough to change bra sizes again. This is my first so I dont know if they will continue to grow again, however the pain gets sooo much better once out get outta the first tri. As for comfy bras, I'm in desperate need of finding some comfy every day ones!!! I'm searching right now... NikinDanK | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? www.geniebra.com is the way to go! Prepregnancy I was a 34D. I'm almost 11 weeks, and I'm not that much bigger, I can still fit into my normal bras on the last set of clasps, but my boobs have gotten heavier and fuller, and my regular bras aren't cutting it when it comes to comfort. I found the Genie Bra at Target tonight, and when I tried it on, it was so comfortable I didn't want to take it off. Think sports bra MINUS the uni-boob. There's really no "fitting" required because it claims to form to any shape. It lifts and separates, it's got extra padding in front for no-show through, and it really does make your boobs look like they do in a regular bra for the most part, and I'm pretty picky- always wearing bras with underwire. PLUS it is very stretchy so I am hoping it will take me through my 2nd tri even when I grow. And you can wash and dry them. I am already thinking of ordering more through the website. jlroman | buying-maternity-bras I've ended up just getting Motherhood Maternity nursing bras, despite all the other options; that way I can try on the bra before buying, and I'll have nursing bras when I deliver. I first got new bras in a new size at 22 weeks. I've definitely sized out of the band, but have bra extenders that have covered my growth since then. I've had to sometimes undo a hook - or three! - during the day: what felt loose at 7 am was excruciatingly tight by 7 pm. eaevansmd | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I was a 32D before pregnancy and that was the first sign. All of a sudden I was a 34DD. Now I'm into 36DD and the bands still feel tight. My best advice is to get a cup size that fits and then use the bra extenders you can get at most maternity stores (or amazon) to help make them stretch a little more. Unfortunately, you will get even BIGGER when you breastfeed as the milk comes in. Try to only buy as you need. The breastfeeding bras I bought (thinking I'd use them throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding) I've already outgrown and I'm only 19 weeks! cammylynn3 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Ladies, I have to say I feel a bit better that I am not the only one having to buy bras. I was 36DD before pregnancy, and by my seventh week, I had to get some bras because mine were too tight. The store clerk measured my breasts and said that I am now 40DD or 38DDD. She said that they are going to continue to grow for a while, to buy the bras that can stretch. She also said that the bras could not be the minimizing ones because those can actually be painful for your boobs. I went to L'eggs Haynes Bali Playtex outlet store. They have the better deals. I got bras that were 15.99 if you buy three or more. I recommend that you get the coupon book for five bucks at the food court and you are good to go. I guess I will be buying other bras again because they are getting bigger :-( Miguelina12 | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? I am nine weeks and my bra size is 36F. They are already too big for my brand new pre-pregnancy bra and I am terrified at the thought of how big they will get!!! Figleaves.com does have a good selection in a variety of sizes....even for us big chested girls! gallentineash | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? At week 8 I already had to buy a bigger bra. I opted for maternity, rather than nursing, because I was afraid that by the time I needed the nursing bra it might be too small. I'm only at week 9 now. When will my breasts settle into their new size so that I know it is safe to invest in nursing bras? dteasdal | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? @ Fraigle2012 for a non-maternity bra with great fit in a 32 D/DD, try Soma Intimates. I always have a hard time because although I am not very wide, the girls are full. Prices are a little spendy (much like Victoria's Secret) but totally worth it. stephanie.kreuser | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? With my ds, I went from a 34B to a 36D, but then they went back down after he was weaned (also, he would only nurse on one side - I basically had a honeydew and an orange - but now they're pretty much the same size). I bought nursing bras (two padded/support style, one sports bra style for the night) and nursing tanks at Ross and Target. annabeanybee | Q&A: Buying maternity bras? Don't forget also you can buy the bra extenders for the fitting around your torso. Meanwhile that has helped alot and my sister gave them to me asI did not even know tha was an option. beaker73 | Want to participate? Log in to share your thoughts


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What is the background to the MR approach and its technological development?
Using targeted experiments, a new film coating system was developed, which enabled the technology for use with weak bases (3). The increase in potential products that could benefit from the new film-coating system prompted further investment of time and resources to fully explore the capabilities of this technology.
The new coating system developed was an enteric film coat based upon previous research into different detackifiers. For weak bases, this coating initially retards the release of the active material to the drilled apertures while within the high-solubility gastric environment. Upon reaching the higher pH of the intestines, the coating dissociates and becomes soluble. The dissolution of the coat increases the exposed surface area of the core, which increases the availability of the exposed drug substance, thereby compensating for the decreased solubility. By making use of established polymer matrix techniques, the core is formulated to ensure a controlled release rate is maintained.
Further refinements have been made for specific compounds, dependant on the product's pharmacodynamics. The use of a bilayer core enables the combination of an immediate-release (IR) layer and a MR layer. The IR layer reduces the time to reach the minimum therapeutic dose for the patient while the MR layer provides a maintenance dose. This bilayer approach can obviously be extended to combination products though this has not been trialled at this time (4). GSK has several products utilizing this technology under development at various clinical stages, with Lamictal XR (lamotrigine) being the first product commercially available on the market.
Ingredients InsiderCynthia ChallenerFDA Approves Novel Treatments in 2014
EMA Recommends Suspension of 700 Drugs Tested at GVK Site GVK Biosciences argues that EMA's recommended suspension of 700 drugs is disproportional to reported infractions.
Nelson Patterson has been elected to Pharma & Biopharma Outsourcing Association board.
There are significant differences between small molecules and biologics fill/finish capacity.
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Two bedroom two bath Gulf Access waterfront Condo in Southeast Cape Coral. It is FULLY Furnished and Equipped with everything you will need to feel right at home...just bring your clothes and toothbrush! It's a first floor 'End unit' which gives you a beautiful view and some privacy too. Huge winter & summer lanai runs across the entire back to enjoy the spectacular waterfront views while enjoying the Florida lifestyle. There is also a seawall and dock out back for boating or fishing.Whip us some meals in this fully equipped kitchen with a pass thru window to the dining room area. Spacious living room/ dining room combination, sliding glass doors fold back to take in the outdoors, a queensize sofabed for guests, 60' HDTV, cable, WIFI, DVD player, I-pod/CD stereo, and an assortment of CD's and DVD's for your pleasure. Large Master bedroom has a King size bed, luxurious soft sheets, linens, and towels, 32' TV,DVD player, walk-in closet with adjoining private Master bath with walk-in shower, and enjoy the fresh air thru the sliding glass door. Deluxe guest bedroom with a large window for sunlight, a Queen size bed, 32' TV,DVD player and guest bath with bathtub and shower. Spacious inside laundry room with full-size washer and dryer. Just steps away to the gorgeous swimming pool and enjoy tanning and the beautiful view of the canal from the comfortable patio lounge chairs Front row covered parking only a few steps from your front door. Also includes 2 beach chairs, umbrella, cooler, tennis rackets, beach towels, and everything else you need! Just bring food, drinks and start relaxing! Great trees and tropical landscape all around the condo. Convenient walking distance to restaurants, great for shopping and dining or enjoy live music at the Twisted Conch or Backstreets Sports Bar and Grille! Founder's Park is a City park right next door that is dog friendly. Fort Myers Beach is about 25 minutes away depending on traffic and the Cape Coral Yacht Club Beach and Four Freedoms Beaches are less than 5 minutes away. Pet Friendly, There is a size limit for pets so let us know what kind of dog you will be bringing. You will love our Condo and the perfect location! Inquire about multiple month discounts. The address is 1017 SE 46th Lane, Cape Coral, FL 33904
Quaint Downtown Cape Coral, Walking distance to fast food or fine dining. Shopping, Cape Coral beaches, grocery stores, boutiques, and night life just minutes away. Southeast Cape Coral is only 20-30 minutes from Fort Myers and Sanibel beaches, depending on traffic. Condo on a Gulf Access Canal with private dock out back and boat rentals just down the street. Beautiful swimming pool at complex. Founders waterfront City park next door. Nearby activities include cycling, kayaking, bird watching, nature eco parks, boating, jet skiing, golf, tennis, theaters, shopping malls, museums, art galleries, pub crawl, beautiful sunsets, farmers market, arts and craft shows, and many city festivals.
Rate Period | Nightly | Weekend Night | Weekly | Monthly | Event | ||||
My Standard Rate
Feb 1 2014 - Feb 1 2015
1 night minimum stay
Payment is usually accepted in the quoted currency (US Dollar) unless the currency and the amount is specifically agreed in advance with the owner / advertiser.


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The Killing Season 1 Episode 14 Video | Watch The Killing S01E14 Online
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Silence descended as Johnson remained on the ground. The junior Volunteer cornerback was known for his tendency to jump up after a hit. Now he remained motionless on the sidelines.
Fans crossed their arms and strained their eyes toward the field.
"At the point of contact, when I hit this guy, it felt like every breath in my body left me," Johnson told the group of volunteers and supporters at the United Way of Bradley County's Day of Action and campaign kick-off luncheon Friday.
"My body went completely limp. I fell to the ground and I blacked out. It had never happened to me before."
His teammates rushed over. They urged him to get up when he opened his eyes. He told them he could not get up.
"What do you mean you can't," they asked.
Johnson replied, "There is a shock going through my whole body. I can't feel anything."
It was one of the scariest moments of the 20-year-old's life. Medics rushed Johnson off the field on a spine board. He asked the doctor beside him to lift up his limp right arm as he pumped his left fist. The simple movement assured the anxious crowd Inky Johnson meant to persevere.
His story urged United Way's volunteers and supporters to take up a similar spirit of perseverance in the face of trial.
The crowd listened with rapt attention in the cafeteria of Whirlpool. Many present sported Day of Action T-shirts made to look like the front of a super-hero costume. Below the "UW" emblem read, "Ready for my cape."
Corporations, businesses and local schools provided more than 230 volunteers to work on projects across Cleveland and Bradley County Friday morning.
These included:
- Life Care Centers of America at Bachman Academy;
- Whirlpool team 1 at the Cleveland State Unit of the Boys and Girls Clubs of Cleveland;
- Whirlpool team 2 at the BGCC Powers Unit;
- Cleveland State Community College at Family Promise of Bradley County;
- the Rotary Club of Cleveland at Taylor Elementary;
- Belk associates at the North ReStore of Habitat for Humanity of Cleveland;
- Eaton Hydraulics at the South ReStore of Habitat for Humanity;
- Life Care Centers of America at the HOPE Center;
- Life Care Centers of America at Home Delivered Meals;
- Ace Hardware at Impact Cleveland;
- Life Care Centers of America and Cleveland Utilities at Museum Center at Five Points;
- Whirlpool at Signal Centers;
- Procter & Gamble/Duracell at Taylor Elementary;
- Georgia Pacific at The Refuge;
- Life Care Centers of America and P&G/Duracell at Tri-State Therapeutic Riding Center;
- and Cleveland Utilities at the Unity Center.
A majority of the projects dealt with painting, landscaping and delivering meals. All of the sites chosen for the Day of Action were either schools or nonprofits. The community service projects provided a glimpse into the needs of residents and organizations in the city and county.
United Way Chief Executive Officer and President Matt Ryerson thanked Whirlpool for hosting the event and for all of those involved in the Day of Action and United Way kick-off.
"You are super heroes for being here today," he said. "In our community, we do not have caped crusaders. We do not have superman. We have people who give time, give energy, give money to make these causes and [offer] support for the people who are most vulnerable in our community today."
The 2014 Board Chair Tanya Mazzolini also offered her thanks to everyone involved Friday.
"We are thrilled you made the decision to celebrate with us for our 2014 campaign kick-off," she said. "This Day of Action is only possible because of companies that are willing to let employees go out and place some muscle in our community."
Mazzolini added, "It is incredibly humbling and inspirational to live in a place where our corporate leaders are that committed to this community."
Johnson dedicated his life to making a difference — first for himself, and then his family — at a young age. As he grew, he decided to make as large of an impact as possible on everyone from his neighbors in the inner city to those he met across the country.
He was not deterred from his mission by an injury that effectively ended his football career and left his right arm paralyzed.
He recalled a bracelet he once had that read, "Man of Faith."
Johnson said he knew all of the "faith" lines.
"But," he added, "I had yet to be placed in a situation that required me to use my faith. Can I tell you something? A faith that has not been tested is a faith that cannot be trusted."
Johnson said he had a lot to live for: mother, father, wife, grandma, coaches and cousins. He held himself to a higher expectation than anyone else. He told the crowd a part of living life includes service.
"That is all I am doing. I am up here serving. I am honored that God chose me to go through what I went through. I am honored God trusted me with such adversity. I'm honored that God wakes me up every day," he said. "Why wake up stressful when it is a blessing?"
He reminded the volunteers and supporters of the United Way they were not only heroes for their work Friday, but they were heroes to their families, friends and the people around them.
"From the bottom of my heart, I thank you," Johnson said. "I thank you for your service, because we need it. I think you for living life the way you do. I thank you for being a part of the United Way."


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Home → Special Education → Support & Supervision → Policies, Procedures & Effective Implementation → MUSER FAQ → FERPA
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
See our list of commonly used acronyms
Would it be a violation of FERPA for a special education teacher to show up at a parent's place of employment?
FERPA regulates educational records and access to educational records and does not apply to visits by school employees. If a teacher found it necessary to arrange a meeting with a parent at the parent's place of employment and were to notify a parent that the teacher wanted to meet with the parent at the parent's place of employment and the parent agreed to the meeting, the teacher would document the meeting and place the document in the child's educational file.