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The critic, as I've often said here before, isn't the final word (or even the first) on the state of the art we're criticising: we're just part of the dialogue, in which its various makers and its consumers converse. I do hope, though, that by virtue of our passion and our knowledge, we (or at least some of us!) are an informed part of it. But the gauntlet is being thrown down, of course, by the expanded opportunities that the internet provides for everyone to take part in that conversation; and I always welcome it.
I still hope there will be room for professional critics, though, and not just because I am one. Just yesterday, I was noting here how I'd been speaking to a prominent West End theatre producer and theatre owner, who was saying that critics may vanish entirely within the next ten years, to which I had responded: "You'll miss some of us when we're gone".
A reader of my blog duly posted a reply, "Been going to the Theatre, here in the UK for over 40 years, and I've never allowed the critics to influence my decision to see or not to see a particular production, so I wouldn't miss any of you, or your contributions to newspaper's 'show page'."
Yet he'd taken the time to read this blog yesterday, and even more significantly, taken the trouble to reply to it; but it would go, too, if I couldn't earn a living from doing this anymore! Not that my own long-term financial future has to concern him, but if formal criticism is marginalized or even abolished, what would the starting point be for that conversation to take place around?
Perhaps commentators would take our place. Everyone, after all, has an opinion. But there's a clear difference between criticism and simply stating an opinion: critics (try to) explain why they hold the opinions they do, whereas some commentators simply state their opinion.
In today's Independent, Cristina Patterson, who happens to be a brilliant interview profile writer for that paper (often on arts subjects), has written a column in praise of the Young Vic's current production of Annie Get Your Gun (which coincidentally just yesterday announced a one-week extension of its run, through January 9), in which she declares, "If you want a night of pure, unmitigated, unadulterated joy, go and see Annie Get Your Gun. From that first glimpse of four pianos in front of the stage, and four check-shirted piano players, it's heaven. Jane Horrocks is a scrawny, grubby, bird-like version of Annie Oakley, the white-trash sharpshooter who became America's first female superstar. Julian Ovenden is a smoulderingly seductive, but strangely loveable, version of Frank Butler, the Irish sharpshooter she falls in love with. Transposed, in this Young Vic production, from the Wild West frontiers of the 1880s to a post-Depression America of desperate-for-glamour showbiz and diners, it's a riotous, witty, exuberant celebration of the highs and lows of the American dream."
There's plenty of adjectives strung cheek-to-cheek there - but no reasons are offered as to why she thinks it. It just is. You better take her word for it. Compare and contrast the words of Paul Taylor, the Independent's own chief theatre critic, when he officially reviewed the show a few weeks ago: there begins by stating, "The evening generates a certain degree of warmth at moments, so I didn't have what you would call a bad time - though, given the following list of objections, this must count as quite an achievement." He states his position; but straight away, he lets us know that he will shortly explain why he holds it. "Annie Get Your Gun has an infectiously happy Irving Berlin score and one of the feeblest books of all hit musicals. As an entertainment, it's so undemanding that it's almost demanding. When you think of all the neglected tuners that could be rehabilitated, it is a weird work for the Young Vic to be reviving. The perversity of choice is compounded by the self-defeating insanity of the execution. Director Richard Jones has had the whole of this wonderfully flexible space to play with and yet decided to confine the proceedings to a wide, narrow, virtually depthless slit of a letter box. To get much of a dance going in such straitened circumstances would be like trying to jump for joy while wedged in one's coffin."
Now I happen to disagree with Paul - I loved the production myself, as I stated in my own five-star Sunday Express review, and I even found the design a strength ("The innovative design of Ultz that frames the action in a letterbox-shaped stage gives it an unusual pictorial angle"). But I respect Paul's opinion because he entirely explains where it comes from. And he also shows how well he knows the show, too, and others: "For reasons presumably of political correctness, the delightful number 'I'm an Indian, Too' has been cut, though we are allowed to hear the melody played on a distant cocktail bar piano in the New York hotel scene. That's having it both ways, and then some. Whatever next at the Young Vic, one wonders. The Kabuki Calamity Jane? The Noh No, No Nanette?"
And that's also, as I've often said before, a particular strength of the current multiplicity of voices we have on the London critical scene: we can agree to disagree. But I'd rather disagree with Paul for the well-argued reasons he gives, than to agree with a columnist who states no reasons at all.
The prompter takes a bow….
There's an interesting obituary for character actor John Joyce, who created the tiny role of the club secretary in the original production of Trevor Griffiths' Comedians in 1975, in today's Guardian. He often worked with the late Ken Campbell, and once offered to be "on the book" for a 1997 revival of Campbell's epic 22 hour The Warp (having played "many roles, coached the actors, organised rehearsals and helped keep the books" for its original production at the ICA in 1979). According to Michael Coveney's obit, "Alan Cox heroically faltered in the final stages of the monster main part. Campbell brought Joyce on for a curtain call and Joyce said, with tears welling, that he felt he was taking that call for all the unacknowledged prompters in the history of theatre."
And there was a lovely final chapter to his life, too — he did a kind of acting, of sorts, virtually to the end: "For the last 10 years of his life, he worked as a dummy patient in doctors' training in London hospitals, work he enjoyed and which paid the rent."
The wrath of Spacey….
In today's Ephraim Hardcastle column in the Daily Mail, there's a cautionary tale for all waiters who may find themselves serving Old Vic artistic director Kevin Spacey: "According to a local TV report, the actor and friends were dining at The Clarke Cooke House in Newport, Rhode Island, when they lit up cigarettes and were advised by waiter Peter Turner that smoking wasn't allowed. Spacey is said to have 'exploded', telling Turner: 'I need you to get the ** away from my table.' Three days later he lost his job."
Going all a-twitter at negative feedback…
The news earlier this week that Stephen Fry threatened to resign from Twitter after a negative comment was posted by a fellow user got a sympathetic response from performer David Schneider in Tuesday's Guardian. "It may seem strange that the great man would worry about the opinion of one person but as a performer myself, I understood. Compliments are like water through fingers to a performer. Silky water, but water nevertheless. Who cares about a thousand compliments, a single insult confirms what we all deep down feel is true: that we're rubbish, talentless, or, in my own case, 'possessing a face that belongs on The X-Files'. Time was all you had to do was avoid the reviews and the odd tactless yawn in the audience but now everyone's a critic. Every YouTube clip you're in, every blog or article that's posted online leaves space for comments. And Web 2.0 is not shy about telling you what it thinks. Unfortunately for some of us, the Ego 2.0 upgrades haven't quite come in yet. So why not just avoid the comments? I wish it were that simple but we're insecure performers. We need praise. If I ever have to check into the Priory it won't be for drink or drugs or sex. It'll be to try to stop me putting my name into Google. One friend of mine even occasionally checks his feedback on eBay for a little boost. The internet can toss us the treats we need but it's a high-risk strategy and Twitter is the highest risk of all. Stephen Fry's momentary wobble, which would have remained tactfully unseen a couple of years ago was suddenly 938,485 times more public. If you're not careful, the effect is like having a microphone available 24 hours a day to go and say something funny into and have people clap approval."


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Bag and Filter for 56563 | |
Question: Michael- Gastonia, NC
Need replacement bags for 56563 bag noted on older central unit, also need filter cloth that covers motor intake.
Thanks |
Answer: Please use the bag that most resembles yours on this page http://builtinvacuum.com/bagsfilters/paper-bags.html. They are all quite similar and 99.9% of the time usable for many central vacuums regardless of the vac or filter size. The cloth filter may be a different issue. Are you sure it is not a foam/mesh filter? Many times that is all that is needed as a secondary filter. We suggest buying this and cutting it to size so that it fits itself up there nicely. http://builtinvacuum.com/retail/shopretail.php?part_no=740 |
721 Motor Number | |
Question: what is the motor model number on the Black and Decker 721? |
Answer: Please send a us a photo of the motor and we will match it for you. |
Model 720 Motor | |
Question: Do know where I can get a new motor for my Black & Decker model #720 central vacuum cleaner? I live in St. Johnsbury, VT 05819. Your help is very much appreciated.
Kathy |
Answer: Sorry, we don't know where to get that motor. |
Change Motor or Brushes? | |
Question: My parents have a Black and Decker model 720 built in vacuum. They need to replace the motor brushes. Do you know if they can still get them replaced or do they need to replace the motor?
I would appreciate any help you can give me.
St. Johnsbury, VT |
Answer: Hi Kathy, by all means replace the motor. The motor is only made to last so long. Brushes can be replaced at 50-75% life but that old B and D needs a new motor. |
Black & Decker Push Button Inlets | |
Question: I have a Black & Decker central vacuum, model 721. It has a 1.5 diameter vacuum inlet and a button on the bottom. The original hose has a metal collar that pushes the button in. Can you tell me which hose to buy? Thanks.
Joe Coram,NY |
Answer: That hose is not made any longer. Read the text at the top of this valve page. You should be able to change out your inlets quite easily. Then you can use any hose or kit of your choosing....even electric. http://builtinvacuum.com/inlets/basic.html |
Piping Size | |
Question: I have remodeled and disconnected one of the hose connection stations.
What size is the tubing, its not standard, I need to cap it off somehow. |
Answer: Hi, the piping is 2" OD and only 1/16 inch thick. All Central Vacuum pipe and fittings from all central vacuum shops will work. |
Attachment Kit for Type A Inlets | |
Question: When we bought our house we were told that the Black & Decker central vacuum unit works, but the previous owners didn't leave any hoses or attachments. The inlets say "Type A" and measure about 1 3/4. What type of replacement kit should we buy? |
Answer: Hi, please remeasure the diameter of the vacuum inlet hole. It is 1-1/2 or 1-1/4", right? We have some great options and they fit both (you will need the adapter if you have the smaller inlets). See the Kits for Black and Decker page here for all the details and call us if you have questions. http://builtinvacuum.com/help/black-decker/kits.html. |
Suddenly Stopped | |
Question: Black and Decker Installed 1969. :Suddenly just stopped. A service call is about 100 dollars. Is there a checklist I can do? I tried freeing anything that might be plugging it. The vacuum stopped while having a carpet installed but I don't think that was the problem. Any suggestions ?
Carole, Niagara Falls, NY |
Answer: Hi, please use this guide to help find the issue: www.builtinvacuum.com/flowchrt.html. |
Need Hose | |
Question: I have a B&D central vac system put in in 1975.I need a new hose and the measurement on the inlet is Just under 1.5 inches and there is just a single button under the lid on the wall.I thought just a basic hose would work but it doesnt quite measure 1.5 inches.Will that work?Thanks Dennis |
Answer: Hi Dennis, you have a lot of options. All our hoses and vacuum attachment hose and tool kits fit into this size inlet. At least get the Low Voltage hose. The on/off switch on the hose handle will not work because you have a single button under the port lid, but it will fit in and work much better than the Basic Hose. It has a handle, unwinds itself for less kinking, and is made better. |
Replace Motor or Unit? | |
Question: I have an old Black and Decker model 720 built in vacuum (25yrs). The motor has finally stopped - looks like it ran out of brushes. There's no markings on the motor - absolutely nothing! Is this the end of the road for this unit, and if so can you suggest a replacement? Many thanks, Malcolm. |
Answer: Hi Malcolm, you can replace the motor (it is past needing motor brushes) and the motors these units took are right here. Just find the one that looks like yours. You can click the links and find measurements to help you choose the right one. http://builtinvacuum.com/help/black-decker/motor.html. |
Replace Portable Vacuum Batteries | |
Question: I am looking for a source to replace the charger and batteries for my Black & Decker Floorbuster vac - SV3000. Can you help? Thanks, James Lee |
Answer: Please try Black and Deckers website. We specialize in helping central vacuum customers with discontinued BD central vacs. |


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–Oliver Wendell Holmes
For years my daughters have had a running joke that I'll die, "And then we'll have to go through your stuff and write the books!"
Now that I'm over 60, maybe I should have mercy on them and write the books and stuff myself. So that's what I'm doing.
I was a drunk for 14 years. My wife loved me anyway and still does.
Jesus is the answer. Whatever the question.
I'm on the radio in afternoons on New Life 91.9 in Charlotte, NC.
I don't have any awards, official credentials, or special qualifications. I can be proud or defensive of that, depending on the day. But overall it's kind of nice being an unschooled, ordinary guy. I've always liked the people who follow their passion and make a dent without credentials or permission from the authorities: Bill James; Vance Havner; Burt Munro; those guys who knew Jesus. If they can, we all can.
And should.
You don't have to be a credentialed expert in the traditional, recognized disciplines. Some people excel in mastering the technicalities of nuts and bolts and parts. Others can take advantage of the work of those experts, but excel in seeing and picturing the thing the pieces add up to. We need more dot connectors.
You could be cheating yourself and others if you don't take your potential contribution seriously just because you're not officially accredited, licensed, or endorsed in an area you're interested in.
But, you DO have to take being a contributor seriously. Abe Lincoln didn't go to law school, but that doesn't mean he didn't study — he studied and learned the law he needed, and got good at it, on his own, case by case.
For me, this means doing some thinking in areas of my calling's interest. I take what I'm already interested in and try to get expertise in that. I figure maybe God made me interested in certain things for a reason.
Make a contribution in a few selected areas, keep at it, and let it add up.
People way smarter than me say you can do it.


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Blog | Comments |
WoW | 26 Comments |
Recent Comments:
BlizzCon ticket status {WoW}
May 16th 2009 1:14PM I got my tickets without even entering the Queue. I was able to start buying at about 9:58 on my computer clock, and it was basically effortless. I found that logging into my Battle.net account beforehand made it easier, because I didn't have to log into the buy the tickets, as I was already logged in. I wish the rest of you guys luck in getting past the queue, and if not, try what I did for the May 30th wave.
WoW Insider's Loot-idays: Day five {WoW}
Dec 26th 2008 3:24PM wat
Countdown to Wrath Giveaway Day -1 - Razer Destructor mousing surface {WoW}
Nov 14th 2008 6:35PM bra
Countdown to Wrath Giveaway Day 0 - Razer Lachesis mouse {WoW}
Nov 13th 2008 10:01PM fat
Countdown to Wrath giveaway special: Slashdance loot cards {WoW}
Nov 13th 2008 2:28PM Faa
Countdown to Wrath Giveaway: Day 0 - Wrath Collector's Edition boxes {WoW}
Nov 13th 2008 2:27PM Blah
Countdown to Wrath Giveaway: Day 0 - 60-day game time card {WoW}
Nov 13th 2008 2:26PM This is Dr. Octogonapus RAAAAAAAAAAAAA!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Countdown to Wrath Giveaway: Day 1 - 60-day game time card {WoW}
Nov 12th 2008 8:05PM Oh god help me.
Countdown to Wrath Giveaway: Day 1 - Razer Goliathus mousing surface {WoW}
Nov 12th 2008 7:58PM Faggot.
Countdown to Wrath Giveaway: Day 1 - BlizzCon Polar Bear Mount {WoW}
Nov 12th 2008 11:15AM OH god I'm dying.


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Welcome back fashion DIY-ers! Today we are taking on the popular "collared necklace" trend and showing you how to make it at home with your own design. We are seeing these necklaces everywhere, from peter pan style to what we've done in the video above. So let's get started.
What you will need: a white collared shirt (or any style shirt with a collar you want to bedazzle!), a ruler, a pencil, scissors, fabric glue, rhinestones, and if you want to really get funky like we did, invest in a bedazzler (it's only $20) and some studs to add to your design.
First, you will want to take the scissors and cut the collar of the shirt. We suggest cutting along the natural seem so the collar can properly stand alone in the same manner it did while attached to the shirt.
Now for the design! We wanted to add a little bow onto the collar, in honor of a bow tie. Place your studs and/or rhinestones in the pattern you want on your collar, then mark those spots with a pencil so you know where to stud when you begin bedazzling. We suggest using a ruler so you can really get the proportions right.
After you have created and marked your design, begin gluing down the rhinestones with the fabric glue. Once dry, if you have chosen to use the bedazzler and studs, you may follow up and finish off your necklace with the studs.
We suggest wearing the necklace with a plain t-shirt as a way to dress up your look. And voila! You are now ready to rock this chic look out on the town.


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A Look Back: World Gold Council Examines Q1 Gold Trends
Gold – The World Gold Council said in its Q1 report that global gold demand wasn't much different than it was in the year-ago quarter.
Gold – The World Gold Council said in its Q1 report that global gold demand wasn't much different than it was in the year-ago quarter.
Gold – Demand for gold jewelry, bars and coins hit a record high last year, according to the World Gold Council's latest Gold Demand Trends report. The report also confirms that last year Chinese gold demand surpassed that of India for the first time.
Gold – Visual Capitalist posted an infographic that addresses the question: which gold miners hold the most supply?
Gold – 2013 was an "annus horribilis" for gold. We look at the main factors behind the precious metal's demise and whether next year offers any hope of a recovery.
Gold – Visual Capitalist published an infographic titled Global Gold Mine and Deposit Rankings 2013. It examines existing and future gold supply.
Gold – Gold has had a good week, and while it's too soon to call it a rally, things are looking up for the yellow metal as the Indian festival season begins.
Gold – The gold sector contributed $210 billion in 2012, an amount equivalent to the GDPs of Ireland, the Czech Republic or Beijing.
Gold – The decline in the gold price has created a massive buying opportunity in Asia, with gold jewelry, coins and bars flying off the shelves. The World Gold Council crunches the numbers for the second quarter.
Gold – Despite recent price drops, gold as a long term investment is still viable, says Scott Carter of Lear Capital.
Gold – India is again trying to cut gold demand by hiking duties charged on imports.
Get our independent commentary on resource trends and companies delivered to your inbox.
The long-term outlook for Resource is positive and the worlds largest Resource producers are confident that the next few years will see a return to robust demand growth. The main growth markets for the metal are the BRIC countries, but demand from Western economies is expected to rise as well. The automotive and aerospace industries are seen as the main catalysts for new growth as manufacturers seek to reduce fuel consumption by creating lighter weight vehicles.
Resource Investing News is one of the leading providers of news and education on the Resource market. We pride ourselves on delivering quality, independent news to our investor audience. Our newsletters feature the latest Resource market commentary for investors interested in Resource stocks so you can stay up to date on the markets and leading companies.
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With your subscription, Resource Investing News will also send you a Stock Catalysts report at the beginning of the month that addresses sponsor company upcoming milestones which could positively impact a companys stock price.


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ジャンル/形式: | Lehrbuch |
ドキュメントの種類: | 図書 |
すべての著者/寄与者: |
Barbara G Tabachnick; Linda S Fidell |
OCLC No.: | 266072564 |
物理形態: | XXVIII, 980 S. : ill., graph. Darst. |
コンテンツ: | 1. Introduction. 1.1 Multivariate Statistics: Why? 1.1.1 The Domain of Multivariate Statistics: Numbers of IVs and DVs. 1.1.2 Experimental and Nonexperimental Research. 1.1.3 Computers and Multivariate Statistics. 1.1.4 Words of Caution. 1.2 Some Useful Definitions. 1.2.1 Continuous, Discrete, and Dichotomous Data. 1.2.2 Samples and Populations. 1.2.3 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics. 1.2.4 Orthogonality: Standard and Sequential Analyses. 1.3 Linear Combinations of Variables. 1.4 Number and Nature of Variables to Include. 1.5 Statistical Power. 1.6 Data Appropriate for Multivariate Statistics. 1.6.1 The Data Matrix. 1.6.2 The Correlation Matrix. 1.6.3 The Variance-Covariance Matrix. 1.6.4 The Sum-Of-Squares and Cross-Products Matrix. 1.6.5 Residuals. 1.7 Organization of the Book. 2. A Guide to Statistical Techniques: Using the Book. 2.1 Research Questions and Associated Techniques. 2.1.1 Degree of Relationship among Variables. 18.104.22.168 Bivariate r. 126.96.36.199 Multiple R. 18.104.22.168 Sequential R. 184.108.40.206 Canonical R. 184.108.40.206 Multiway Frequency Analysis. 220.127.116.11 Multilevel Modeling. 2.1.2 Significance of Group Differences. 188.8.131.52 One-Way ANOVA and t Test. 126.96.36.199 One-Way ANCOVA. 220.127.116.11 Factorial ANOVA. 126.96.36.199 Factorial ANCOVA. 188.8.131.52 Hotelling=s T². 184.108.40.206 One-Way MANOVA. 184.108.40.206 One-Way MANCOVA. 126.96.36.199 Factorial MANOVA. 188.8.131.52 Factorial MANCOVA. 188.8.131.52 Profile Analysis of Repeated Measures. 2.1.3 Prediction of Group Membership. 184.108.40.206 One-Way Discriminant. 18.104.22.168 Sequential One-Way Discriminant. 184.108.40.206 Multiway Frequency Analysis (Logit). 220.127.116.11 Logistic Regression. 126.96.36.199 Sequential Logistic Regression. 220.127.116.11 Factorial Discriminantanalysis. 220.127.116.11 Sequential Factorial Discriminant Analysis. 2.1.4 Structure. 18.104.22.168 Principal Components. 220.127.116.11 Factor Analysis. 188.8.131.52 Structural Equation Modeling. 2.1.5 Time Course of Events. 22.214.171.124 Survival/Failure Analysis. 18.104.22.168 Time-Series Analysis. 2.2 Some Further Comparisons. 2.3 A Decision Tree. 2.4 Technique Chapters. 2.5 Preliminary Check of the Data. 3. Review of Univariate and Bivariate Statistics. 3.1 Hypothesis Testing. 3.1.1 One-Sample z Test as Prototype. 3.1.2 Power. 3.1.3 Extensions of the Model. 3.1.4 Controversy Surrounding Significance Testing. 3.2 Analysis of Variance. 3.2.1 One-Way Between-Subjects ANOVA. 3.2.2 Factorial Between-Subjects ANOVA. 3.2.3 Within-Subjects ANOVA. 3.2.4 Mixed Between-Within-Subjects ANOVA. 3.2.5 Design Complexity. 220.127.116.11 Nesting. 188.8.131.52 Latin-Square Designs. 184.108.40.206 Unequal n and Nonorthogonality. 22.214.171.124 Fixed and Random Effects. 3.2.6 Specific Comparisons. 220.127.116.11 Weighting Coefficients for Comparisons. 188.8.131.52 Orthogonality of Weighting Coefficients. 188.8.131.52 Obtained F for Comparisons. 184.108.40.206 Critical F for Planned Comparisons. 184.108.40.206 Critical F for Post Hoc Comparisons. 3.3 Parameter Estimation. 3.4 Effect Size. 3.5 Bivariate Statistics: Correlation and Regression. 3.5.1 Correlation. 3.5.2 Regression. 3.6 Chi-Square Analysis. 4. Cleaning Up Your Act: Screening Data Prior to Analysis. 4.1 Important Issues in Data Screening. 4.1.1 Accuracy of Data File. 4.1.2 Honest Correlations. 184.108.40.206 Inflated Correlation. 184.108.40.206 Deflated Correlation. 4.1.3 Missing Data. 22.214.171.124 Deleting Cases or Variables. 188.8.131.52 Estimating Missing Data. 22.214.171.124 Using a Missing Data Correlation Matrix. 126.96.36.199 Treating Missing Data as Data. 18.104.22.168 Repeating Analyses with and Without Missing Data. 22.214.171.124 Choosing among Methods for Dealing with Missing Data. 4.1.4 Outliers. 126.96.36.199 Detecting Univariate and Multivariate Outliers. 188.8.131.52 Describing Outliers. 18.104.22.168 Reducing the Influence of Outliers. 22.214.171.124 Outliers in a Solution. 4.1.5 Normality, Linearity, and Homoscedasticity. 22.214.171.124 Normality. 18.104.22.168 Linearity. 184.108.40.206 Homoscedasticity, Homogeneity of Variance, and Homogeneity of Variance-Covariance Matrices. 4.1.6 Common Data Transformations. 4.1.7 Multicollinearity and Singularity. 4.1.8 A Checklist and Some Practical Recommendation. 4.2 Complete Examples of Data Screening. 4.2.1 Screening Ungrouped Data. 188.8.131.52 Accuracy of Input, Missing Data, Distributions, and Univariate Outliers. 22.214.171.124 Linearity and Homoscedasticity. 188.8.131.52 Transformation. 126.96.36.199 Detecting Multivariate Outliers. 18.104.22.168 Variables Causing Cases to Be Outliers. 184.108.40.206 Multicollinearity. 4.2.2 Screening Grouped Data. 220.127.116.11 Accuracy of Input, Missing Data, Distributions, Homogeneity of Variance, and Univariate Outliers. 220.127.116.11 Linearity. 18.104.22.168 Multivariate Outliers. 126.96.36.199 Variables Causing Cases to Be Outliers. 188.8.131.52 Multicollinearity. 5. Multiple Regression. 5.1 General Purpose and Description. 5.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 5.2.1 Degree of Relationship. 5.2.2 Importance of IVs. 5.2.3 Adding IVs. 5.2.4 Changing IVs. 5.2.5 Contingencies among IVs. 5.2.6 Comparing Sets of IVs. 5.2.7 Predicting DV Scores for Members of a New Sample. 5.2.8 Parameter Estimates. 5.3 Limitations to Regression Analyses. 5.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 5.3.2 Practical Issues. 184.108.40.206 Ratio of Cases to IVs. 188.8.131.52 Absence of Outliers among the IVs and on the DV. 184.108.40.206 Absence of Multicollinearity and Singularity. 188.8.131.52 Normality, Linearity, Homoscedasticity of Residuals. 22.214.171.124 Independence of Errors. 184.108.40.206 Outliers in the Solution. 5.4 Fundamental Equations for Multiple Regression. 5.4.1 General Linear Equations. 5.4.2 Matrix Equations. 5.4.3 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 5.5 Major Types of Multiple Regression. 5.5.1 Standard Multiple Regression. 5.5.2 Sequential Multiple Regression. 5.5.3 Statistical (Stepwise) Regression. 5.5.4 Choosing among Regression Strategies. 5.6 Some Important Issues. 5.6.1 Importance of IVs. 22.214.171.124 Standard Multiple Regression. 22.214.171.124 Sequential or Statistical Regression. 5.6.2 Statistical Inference. 220.127.116.11 Test for Multiple R. 22.214.171.124 Test of Regression Components. 184.108.40.206 Test of Added Subset of IVs. 188.8.131.52 Confidence Limits around B. 220.127.116.11 Comparing Two Sets of Predictors. 5.6.3 Adjustment of R2. 5.6.4 Suppressor Variables. 5.6.5 Regression Approach to ANOVA. 5.6.6 Centering When Interactions and Powers of IVs Are Included. 5.6.7 Mediation in Causal Sequences. 5.7 Complete Examples of Regression Analysis. 5.7.1 Evaluation of Assumptions. 188.8.131.52 Ratio of Cases to IVs. 220.127.116.11 Normality, Linearity, Homoscedasticity, and Independence of Residuals. 220.127.116.11 Outliers. 184.108.40.206 Multicollinearity and Singularity. 5.7.2 Standard Multiple Regression. 5.7.3 Sequential Regression. 5.8 Comparison of Programs. 5.8.1 SPSS Package. 5.8.2 SAS System. 5.8.3 SYSTAT System. 6. Analysis of Covariance. 6.1 General Purpose and Description. 6.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 6.2.1 Main Effects of IVs. 6.2.2 Interactions among IVs. 6.2.3 Specific Comparisons and Trend Analysis. 6.2.4 Effects of Covariates. 6.2.5 Effect Size. 6.2.6 Parameter Estimates. 6.3 Limitations to Analysis of Covariance. 6.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 6.3.2 Practical Issues. 184.108.40.206 Unequal Sample Sizes, Missing Data, and Ratio of Cases to IVs. 22.214.171.124 Absence of Outliers. 188.8.131.52 Absence of Multicollinearity and Singularity. 184.108.40.206 Normality of Sampling Distributions. 126.96.36.199 Homogeneity of Variance. 220.127.116.11 Linearity. 18.104.22.168 Homogeneity of Regression. 18.104.22.168 Reliability of Covariates. 6.4 Fundamental Equations for Analysis of Covariance. 6.4.1 Sums of Squares and Cross Products. 6.4.2 Significance Test and Effect Size. 6.4.3 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 6.5 Some Important Issues. 6.5.1 Choosing Covariates. 6.5.2 Evaluation of Covariates. 6.5.3 Test for Homogeneity of Regression. 6.5.4 Design Complexity. 18.104.22.168 Within-Subjects and Mixed Within-Between Designs. 18.104.22.168.1 Same Covariate(S) for All Cells. 188.8.131.52.2 Varying Covariate(S) Over Cells. 22.214.171.124 Unequal Sample Sizes. 188.8.131.52 Specific Comparisons and Trend Analysis. 22.214.171.124 Effect Size. 6.5.5 Alternatives to ANCOVA. 6.6 Complete Example of Analysis of Covariance. 6.6.1 Evaluation of Assumptions. 18.104.22.168 Unequal n and Missing Data. 18.104.22.168 Normality. 18.104.22.168 Linearity. 184.108.40.206 Outliers. 184.108.40.206 Multicollinearity and Singularity. 18.104.22.168 Homogeneity of Variance. 126.96.36.199 Homogeneity of Regression. 126.96.36.199 Reliability of Covariates. 6.6.2 Analysis of Covariance. 220.127.116.11 Main Analysis. 126.96.36.199 Evaluation of Covariates. 22.214.171.124 Homogeneity of Regression Run. 6.7 Comparison of Programs. 6.7.1 SPSS Package. 6.7.2 SAS System. 6.7.3 SYSTAT System. 7. Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Covariance. 7.1 General Purpose and Description. 7.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 7.2.1 Main Effects of IVs. 7.2.2 Interactions among IVs. 7.2.3 Importance of DVs. 7.2.4 Parameter Estimates. 7.2.5 Specific Comparisons and Trend Analysis. 7.2.6 Effect Size. 7.2.7 Effects of Covariates. 7.3 Limitations to Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Covariance. 7.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 7.3.2 Practical Issues. 184.108.40.206 Unequal Sample Sizes, Missing Data, and Power. 184.108.40.206 Multivariate Normality. 220.127.116.11 Absence of Outliers. 188.8.131.52 Homogeneity of Variance-Covariance Matrices. 220.127.116.11 Linearity. 184.108.40.206 Homogeneity of Regression. 188.8.131.52 Reliability of Covariates. 188.8.131.52 Absence of Multicollinearity and Singularity. 7.4 Fundamental Equations for Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Covariance. 7.4.1 Multivariate Analysis of Variance. 7.4.2 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 7.4.3 Multivariate Analysis of Covariance. 7.5 Some Important Issues. 7.5.1 MANOVA vs. ANOVAs. 7.5.2 Criteria for Statistical Inference. 7.5.3 Assessing DVs. 184.108.40.206 Univariate F. 220.127.116.11 Roy-Bargmann Stepdown Analysis. 22.214.171.124 Using Discriminant Function Analysis. 22.214.171.124 Choosing among Strategies for Assessing DVs. 7.5.4 Specific Comparisons and Trend Analysis. 7.5.5 Design Complexity. 126.96.36.199 Within-Subjects and Between-Within Designs. 22.214.171.124 Unequal Sample Sizes. 7.6 Complete Examples of Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Covariance. 7.6.1 Evaluation of Assumptions. 220.127.116.11 Unequal Sample Sizes and Missing Data. 184.108.40.206 Multivariate Normality. 22.214.171.124 Linearity. 22.214.171.124 Outliers. 188.8.131.52 Homogeneity of Variance-Covariance Matrices. 126.96.36.199 Homogeneity of Regression. 18.104.22.168 Reliability of Covariates. 188.8.131.52 Multicollinearity and Singularity. 7.6.2 Multivariate Analysis of Variance. 7.6.3 Multivariate Analysis of Covariance. 7.7 Comparison of Programs. 7.7.1 SPSS Package. 7.7.2 SAS System. 7.7.3 SYSTAT System. 8. Profile Analysis: The Multivariate Approach to Repeated Measures. 8.1 General Purpose and Description. 8.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 8.2.1 Parallelism of Profiles. 8.2.2 Overall Difference among Groups. 8.2.3 Flatness of Profiles. 8.2.4 Contrasts Following Profile Analysis. 8.2.5 Parameter Estimates. 8.2.6 Effect Size. 8.3 Limitations to Profile Analysis. 8.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 8.3.2 Practical Issues. 188.8.131.52 Sample Size, Missing Data, and Power. 126.96.36.199 Multivariate Normality. 22.214.171.124 Absence of Outliers. 220.127.116.11 Homogeneity of Variance-Covariance Matrices. 188.8.131.52 Linearity. 188.8.131.52 Absence of Multicollinearity and Singularity. 8.4 Fundamental Equations for Profile Analysis. 8.4.1 Parallelism. 8.4.2 Flatness. 8.4.3 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 8.5 Some Important Issues. 8.5.1 Univariate Vs. Multivariate Approach to Repeated Measures. 8.5.2 Contrasts in Profile Analysis. 18.104.22.168 Parallelism and Flatness Significant, Levels Not Significant (Simple- Effects Analysis). 184.108.40.206 Parallelism and Levels Significant, Flatness Not Significant (Simple- Effects Analysis). 184.108.40.206parallelism, Levels, and Flatness Significant (Interaction Contrasts). 126.96.36.199 Only Parallelism Significant. 8.5.3 Doubly-Multivariate Designs. 8.5.4 Classifying Profiles. 8.5.5 Imputation of Missing Values. 8.6 Complete Examples of Profile Analysis. 8.6.1 Profile Analysis of Subscales of the Wisc. 126.96.36.199 Evaluation of Assumptions. 126.96.36.199.1 Unequal Sample Sizes and Missing Data. 188.8.131.52.2 Multivariate Normality. 22.214.171.124.3 Linearity. 18.104.22.168.4 Outliers. 18.104.22.168.5 Homogeneity of Variance-Covariance Matrices. 188.8.131.52.6 Multicollinearity and Singularity. 18.104.22.168 Profile Analysis. 8.6.2 Doubly-Multivariate Analysis of Reaction Time. 126.96.36.199 Evaluation of Assumptions. 220.127.116.11.1 Unequal Sample Sizes, Missing Data, Multivariate Normality, and Linearity. 22.214.171.124.2 Outliers. 184.108.40.206.3 Homogeneity of Variance-Covariance Matrices. 22.214.171.124.4 Homogeneity of Regression. 184.108.40.206.5 Reliability of DVs. 18.104.22.168.6 Multicollinearity and Singularity. 18.104.22.168 Doubly-Multivariate Analysis of Slope and Intercept. 8.7 Comparison of Programs. 8.7.1 SPSS Package. 8.7.2 SAS System. 8.7.3 SYSTAT System. 9. Discriminant Analysis. 9.1 General Purpose and Description. 9.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 9.2.1 Significance of Prediction. 9.2.2 Number of Significant Discriminant Functions. 9.2.3 Dimensions of Discrimination. 9.2.4 Classification Functions. 9.2.5 Adequacy of Classification. 9.2.6 Effect Size. 9.2.7 Importance of Predictor Variables. 9.2.8 Significance of Prediction with Covariates. 9.2.9 Estimation of Group Means. 9.3 Limitations to Discriminant Analysis. 9.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 9.3.2 Practical Issues. 220.127.116.11 Unequal Sample Sizes, Missing Data, and Power. 18.104.22.168 Multivariate Normality. 220.127.116.11 Absence of Outliers. 220.127.116.11 Homogeneity of Variance-Covariance Matrices. 18.104.22.168 Linearity. 188.8.131.52 Absence of Multicollinearity and Singularity. 9.4 Fundamental Equations for Discriminantanalysis. 9.4.1 Derivation and Test of Discriminant Functions. 9.4.2 Classification. 9.4.3 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 9.5 Types of Discriminant Analysis. 9.5.1 Direct Discriminant Analysis. 9.5.2 Sequential Discriminant Analysis. 9.5.3 Stepwise (Statistical) Discriminant Analysis. 9.6 Some Important Issues. 9.6.1 Statistical Inference. 220.127.116.11 Criteria for Overall Statistical Significance. 126.96.36.199 Stepping Methods. 9.6.2 Number of Discriminant Functions. 9.6.3 Interpreting Discriminant Functions. 126.96.36.199 Discriminant Function Plots. 126.96.36.199 Loading Matrices. 9.6.4 Evaluating Predictor Variables. 9.6.5 Effect Size. 9.6.6 Design Complexity: Factorial Designs. 9.6.7 Use of Classification Procedures. 126.96.36.199 Cross-Validation and New Cases. 126.96.36.199 Jackknifed Classification. 220.127.116.11 Evaluating Improvement in Classification. 9.7 Comparison of Programs. 9.7.1 SPSS Package. 9.7.2 SAS System. 9.7.3 SYSTAT System. 10. Logistic Regression. 10.1 General Purpose and Description. 10.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 10.2.1 Prediction of Group Membership or Outcome. 10.2.2 Importance of Predictors. 10.2.3 Interactions among Predictors. 10.2.4 Parameter Estimates. 10.2.5 Classification of Cases. 10.2.6 Significance of Prediction with Covariates. 10.2.7 Effect Size. 10.3 Limitations to Logistic Regression Analysis. 10.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 10.3.2 Practical Issues. 10.3.2.1 Ratio of Cases to Variables. 10.3.2.2 Adequacy of Expected Frequencies and Power. 10.3.2.3 Linearity in the Logit. 10.3.2.4 Absence of Multicollinearity. 10.3.2.5 Absence of Outliers in the Solution. 10.4 Fundamental Equations for Logistic Regression. 10.4.1 Testing and Interpreting Coefficients. 10.4.2 Goodness-of-Fit. 10.4.3 Comparing Models. 10.4.4 Interpretation and Analysis of Residuals. 10.4.5 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 10.5 Types of Logistic Regression. 10.5.1 Direct Logistic Regression. 10.5.2 Sequential Logistic Regression. 10.5.3 Statistical (Stepwise) Logistic Regression. 10.5.4 Probit and Other Analyses. 10.6 Some Important Issues. 10.6.1 Statistical Inference. 10.6.1.1 Assessing Goodness-Of-Fit of Models. 10.6.1.1.1 Constant-Only Vs. Full Model. 10.5.1.1.2 Comparison with a Perfect (Hypothetical) Model. 10.6.1.1.3 Deciles of Risk. 10.6.1.2 Tests of Individual Variables. 10.6.2 Effect Size for a Model. 10.6.3 Interpretation of Coefficients Using Odds. 10.6.4 Coding Outcome and Predictor Categories. 10.6.5 Number and Type of Outcome Categories. 10.6.6 Classification of Cases. 10.6.7 Hierarchical and Nonhierarchical Analysis. 10.6.8 Importance of Predictors. 10.6.9 Logistic Regression for Matched Groups. 10.7 Complete Examples of Logistic Regression. 10.7.1 Evaluation of Limitations. 10.7.1.1 Ratio of Cases to Variables and Missing Data. 10.7.1.2 Multicollinearity. 10.7.1.3 Outliers in the Solution. 10.7.2 Direct Logistic Regression with Two-Category Outcome and Continuous Predictors. 10.7.3 Sequential Logistic Regression with Three Categories of Outcome. 10.7.3.1 Limitations of Multinomial Logistic Regression. 10.7.3.1.1 Adequacy of Expected Frequencies. 10.7.3.1.2 Linearity in the Logit. 10.7.3.2 Sequential Multinomial Logistic Regression. 10.8 Comparison of Programs. 10.8.1 SPSS Package. 10.8.2 SAS System. 10.8.3 SYSTAT System. 11. Survival/Failure Analysis. 11.1 General Purpose and Description. 11.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 11.2.1 Proportions Surviving at Various Times. 11.2.2 Group Differences in Survival. 11.2.3 Survival Time with Covariates. 18.104.22.168 Treatment Effects. 18.104.22.168 Importance of Covariates. 126.96.36.199 Parameter Estimates. 126.96.36.199 Contingencies among Covariates. 220.127.116.11 Effect Size and Power. 11.3 Limitations to Survival Analysis. 11.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 11.3.2 Practical Issues. 126.96.36.199 Sample Size and Missing Data. 22.214.171.124 Normality of Sampling Distributions, Linearity, and Homoscedasticity. 126.96.36.199 Absence of Outliers. 22.214.171.124 Differences Between Withdrawn and Remaining Cases. 188.8.131.52 Change in Survival Conditions Over Time. 22.214.171.124 Proportionality of Hazards. 126.96.36.199 Absence of Multicollinearity. 11.4 Fundamental Equations for Survival Analysis. 11.4.1 Life Tables. 11.4.2 Standard Error of Cumulative Proportion Surviving. 11.4.3 Hazard and Density Functions. 11.4.4 Plot of Life Tables. 11.4.5 Test for Group Differences. 11.4.6 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 11.5 Types of Survival Analysis. 11.5.1 Actuarial and Product-Limit Life Tables and Survivor Functions. 11.5.2 Prediction of Group Survival Times from Covariates. 184.108.40.206 Direct, Sequential, and Statistical Analysis. 188.8.131.52 Cox Proportional-Hazards Model. 220.127.116.11 Accelerated Failure-Time Model. 188.8.131.52 Choosing a Method. 11.6 Some Important Issues. 11.6.1 Proportionality of Hazards. 11.6.2 Censored Data. 184.108.40.206 Right-Censored Data. 18.104.22.168 Other Forms of Censoring. 11.6.3 Effect Size and Power. 11.6.4 Statistical Criteria. 220.127.116.11 Test Statistics for Group Differences in Survival Functions. 188.8.131.52 Test Statistics for Prediction from Covariates. 11.6.5 Predicting Survival Rate. 188.8.131.52 Regression Coefficients (Parameter Estimates). 184.108.40.206 Odds Ratios. 184.108.40.206 Expected Survival Rates. 11.7 Complete Example of Survival Analysis. 11.7.1 Evaluation of Assumptions. 188.8.131.52 Accuracy of Input, Adequacy of Sample Size, Missing Data, and Distributions. 126.96.36.199 Outliers. 220.127.116.11 Differences Between Withdrawn and Remaining Cases. 22.214.171.124 Change in Survival Experience Over Time. 220.127.116.11 Proportionality of Hazards. 22.214.171.124 Multicollinearity. 11.7.2 Cox Regression Survival Analysis. 126.96.36.199 Effect of Drug Treatment. 188.8.131.52 Evaluation of Other Covariates. 11.8 Comparison of Programs. 11.8.1 SAS System. 11.8.2 SPSS Package. 11.8.3 SYSTAT System. 12. Canonical Correlation. 12.1 General Purpose and Description. 12.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 12.2.1 Number of Canonical Variate Pairs. 12.2.2 Interpretation of Canonical Variates. 12.2.3 Importance of Canonical Variates. 12.2.4 Canonical Variate Scores. 12.3 Limitations. 12.3.1 Theoretical Limitations. 12.3.2 Practical Issues. 18.104.22.168 Ratio of Cases to IVs. 220.127.116.11 Normality, Linearity, and Homoscedasticity. 184.108.40.206 Missing Data. 184.108.40.206 Absence of Outliers. 184.108.40.206 Absence of Multicollinearity and Singularity. 12.4 Fundamental Equations for Canonical Correlation\. 12.4.1 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. 12.4.2 Matrix Equations. 12.4.3 Proportions of Variance Extracted. 12.4.4 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 12.5 Some Important Issues. 12.5.1 Importance of Canonical Variates. 12.5.2 Interpretation of Canonical Variates. 12.6 Complete Example of Canonical Correlation. 12.6.1 Evaluation of Assumptions. 18.104.22.168 Missing Data. 184.108.40.206 Normality, Linearity, and Homoscedasticity. 18.104.22.168 Outliers. 18.104.22.168 Multicollinearity and Singularity. 12.6.2 Canonical Correlation. 12.7 Comparison of Programs. 12.7.1 SAS System. 12.7.2 SPSS Package. 12.7.3 SYSTAT System. 13. Principal Components and Factor Analysis. 13.1 General Purpose and Description. 13.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 13.2.1 Number of Factors. 13.2.2 Nature of Factors. 13.2.3 Importance of Solutions and Factors. 13.2.4 Testing Theory in FA. 13.2.5 Estimating Scores on Factors. 13.3 Limitations. 13.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 13.3.2 Practical Issues. 188.8.131.52 Sample Size and Missing Data. 184.108.40.206 Normality. 18.104.22.168 Linearity. 184.108.40.206 Absence of Outliers among Cases. 22.214.171.124 Absence of Multicollinearity and Singularity. 184.108.40.206 Factorability of R. 22.214.171.124 Absence of Outliers among Variables. 13.4 Fundamental Equations for Factor Analysis. 13.4.1 Extraction. 13.4.2 Orthogonal Rotation. 13.4.3 Communalities, Variance, and Covariance. 13.4.4 Factor Scores. 13.4.5 Oblique Rotation. 13.4.6 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 13.5 Major Types of Factor Analysis. 13.5.1 Factor Extraction Techniques. 188.8.131.52 PCA vs. FA. 220.127.116.11 Principal Components. 126.96.36.199 Principal Factors. 220.127.116.11 Image Factor Extraction. 184.108.40.206 Maximum Likelihood Factor Extraction. 220.127.116.11 Unweighted Least Squares Factoring. 188.8.131.52 Generalized (Weighted) Least Squares Factoring. 184.108.40.206 Alpha Factoring. 13.5.2 Rotation. 184.108.40.206 Orthogonal Rotation. 126.96.36.199 Oblique Rotation. 126.96.36.199 Geometric Interpretation. 13.5.3 Some Practical Recommendations. 13.6 Some Important Issues. 13.6.1 Estimates of Communalities. 13.6.2 Adequacy of Extraction and Number of Factors. 13.6.3 Adequacy of Rotation and Simple Structure. 13.6.4 Importance and Internal Consistency of Factors. 13.6.5 Interpretation of Factors. 13.6.6 Factor Scores. 13.6.7 Comparisons among Solutions and Groups. 13.7 Complete Example of FA. 13.7.1 Evaluation of Limitations. 188.8.131.52 Sample Size and Missing Data. 22.214.171.124 Normality. 188.8.131.52 Linearity. 126.96.36.199 Multicollinearity and Singularity. 184.108.40.206 Outliers among Variables. 13.7.2 Principal Factors Extraction with Varimax Rotation. 13.8 Comparison of Programs. 13.8.1 SPSS Package. 13.8.2 SAS System. 13.8.3 SYSTAT System. 14. Structural Equation Modeling. General Purpose and Description. Kinds of Research Questions. Adequacy of the Model. Testing Theory. Amount of Variance in the Variables Accounted for by the Factors. Reliability of the Indicators. Parameter Estimates. 14.2.6 Indirect Effects. Group Differences. Longitudinal Differences. Multilevel Modeling. Limitations to Structural Equation Modeling. Theoretical Issues. Practical Issues. Fundamental Equations for Structural Equations Modeling. Covariance Algebra. Model Hypotheses. Model Specification. Model Estimation. Model Evaluation. Computer Analysis of Small Sample Example. Some Important Issues. Model Identification. Estimation Techniques. Assessing the Fit of the Model. Model Modification. Reliability and Proportion of Variance. Discrete and Ordinal Data. Multiple Group Models. Mean and Covariance Structure Models. Complete Examples of Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. Model Specification for CFA. Evaluation of Assumptions for CFA. Model Modification. SEM Model Specification. SEM Model Estimation and Preliminary Evaluation. Model Modification. Comparison of Programs. EQS. LISREL. SAS System. AMOS. 15. Multilevel Linear Modeling. 15.1 General Purpose and Description. 15.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 15.2.1 Group Differences in Means. 15.2.2 Group Differences in Slopes. 15.2.3 Cross-Level Interactions. 15.2.4 Meta-Analysis. 15.2.5 Relative Strength of Predictors at Various Levels. 15.2.6 Individual and Group Structure. 15.2.7 Path Analysis at Individual and Group Levels. 15.2.8 Analysis of Longitudinal Data. 15.2.9 Multilevel Logistic Regression. 15.2.10 Multiple Response Analysis. 15.3 Limitations to Multilevel Linear Modeling. 15.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 15.3.2 Practical Issues. 126.96.36.199 Sample Size, Unequal-N, and Missing Data. 188.8.131.52 Independence of Errors. 184.108.40.206 Absence of Multicollinearity and Singularity. 15.4 Fundamental Equations. 15.4.1 Intercepts-Only Model. 220.127.116.11 The Intercepts-Only Model: Level-1 Equation. 188.8.131.52 The Intercepts-Only Model: Level 2 Equation. 220.127.116.11 Computer Analyses of Intercepts-Only Model. 15.4.2 Model with a First-Level Predictor. 188.8.131.52 Level-1 Equation for a Model with Level-1 Predictor. 220.127.116.11 Level-2 Equations for a Model with a Level-1 Predictor. 18.104.22.168 Computer Analyses of Model with a Level-1 Predictor. 15.4.3 Model with Predictors at First and Second Levels. 184.108.40.206 Level-1 Equation for Model with Predictors at Both Levels. 22.214.171.124 Level-2 Equations for Model with Predictors at Both Levels. 22.214.171.124 Computer Analyses of Model with Predictors at First and Second Levels. 15.5 Types of Mlm. 15.5.1 Repeated Measures. 15.5.2 Higher-Order Mlm. 15.5.3 Latent Variables. 15.5.4 Nonnormal Outcome Variables. 15.5.5 Multiple Response Models. 15.6 Some Important Issues. 15.6.1 Intraclass Correlation. 15.6.2 Centering Predictors and Changes in Their Interpretation. 15.6.3 Interactions. 15.6.4 Random and Fixed Intercepts and Slopes. 15.6.5 Statistical Inference. 184.108.40.206 Assessing Models. 220.127.116.11 Tests of Individual Effects. 15.6.6 Effect Size. 15.6.7 Estimation Techniques and Convergence Problems. 15.6.8 Exploratory Model Building. 15.7 Complete Example of MLM. 15.7.1 Evaluation of Assumptions. 184.108.40.206 Sample Sizes, Missing Data, and Distributions. 22.214.171.124 Outliers. 220.127.116.11 Multicollinearity and Singularity. 188.8.131.52 Independence of Errors: Intraclass Correlations. 15.7.2 Multilevel Modeling. 15.8 Comparison of Programs. 15.8.1 SAS System. 15.8.2 SPSS Package. 15.8.3 HLM Program. 15.8.4 MLwiN Program. 15.8.5 SYSTAT System. 16. Multiway Frequency Analysis. 16.1 General Purpose and Description. 16.2 Kinds of Research Questions. 16.2.1 Associations among Variables. 16.2.2 Effect on a Dependent Variable. 16.2.3 Parameter Estimates. 16.2.4 Importance of Effects. 16.2.5 Effect Size. 16.2.6 Specific Comparisons and Trend Analysis. 16.3 Limitations to Multiway Frequency Analysis. 16.3.1 Theoretical Issues. 16.3.2 Practical Issues. 126.96.36.199 Independence. 184.108.40.206 Ratio of Cases to Variables. 184.108.40.206 Adequacy of Expected Frequencies. 188.8.131.52 Absence of Outliers in the Solution. 16.4 Fundamental Equations for Multiway Frequency Analysis. 16.4.1 Screening for Effects. 184.108.40.206 Total Effect. 18.104.22.168 First-Order Effects. 22.214.171.124 Second-Order Effects. 188.8.131.52 Third-Order Effect. 16.4.2 Modeling. 16.4.3 Evaluation and Interpretation. 18.104.22.168 Residuals. 220.127.116.11 Parameter Estimates. 16.4.4 Computer Analyses of Small-Sample Example. 16.5 Some Important Issues. 16.5.1 Hierarchical and Nonhierarchical Models. 16.5.2 Statistical Criteria. 18.104.22.168 Tests of Models. 22.214.171.124 Tests of Individual Effects. 16.5.3 Strategies for Choosing a Model. 22.214.171.124 SPSS HILOGLINEAR (Hierarchical). 220.127.116.11 SPSS GENLOG (General Log-Linear). 220.127.116.11 SAS CATMOD and SPSS LOGLINEAR (General Log-Linear). 16.6 Complete Example of Multiway Frequency Analysis. 16.6.1 Evaluation of Assumptions: Adequacy of Expected Frequencies. 16.6.2 Hierarchical Log-Linear Analysis. 184.108.40.206 Preliminary Model Screening. 188.8.131.52 Stepwise Model Selection. 22.214.171.124 Adequacy of Fit. 22.214.171.124 Interpretation of the Selected Model. 16.7 Comparison of Programs. 16.7.1 SPSS Package. 16.7.2 SAS System. 16.7.3 SYSTAT System. Appendix A: A Skimpy Introduction to Matrix Algebra. A.1 The Trace of a Matrix. A.2 Addition or Subtraction of a Constant to a Matrix. A.3 Multiplication or Division of a Matrix By a Constant. A.4 Addition and Subtraction of Two Matrices. A.5 Multiplication, Transposes, and Square Roots of Matrices. A.6 Matrix "Division" (Inverses and Determinants). A.7 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors: Procedures for Consolidating Variance from a Matrix. Appendix B: Research Designs for Complete Examples. B.1 Women's Health and Drug Study. B.2 Sexual Attraction Study. B.3 Learning Disabilities Data Bank. B.4 Reaction Time to Identify Figures. B.5 Clinical Trial for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. Appendix C: Statistical Tables. C.1 Normal Curve Areas. C.2 Critical Values of the T Distribution for alpha =.05 and.-1, Two-Tailed Test. C.3 Critical Values of the F Distribution. C.4 Critical Values of Chi Square (CHI5). C.5 Critical Values for Squares Multiple Correlation (R5) in Forward Stepwise Select. C.6 Critical Values for Fmax (S5max/S5min) Distribution for alpha =.05 and.01. |
責任者: | Barbara G. Tabachnick ; Linda S. Fidell. |
After the Introduction Chapter, the second Chapter gives a guide to the multivariate techniques that are covered in this book and palces them in context with the more familiare univeriate and bivariate statistics where possible. Included in this chapter is a flow chart that organizes statistical techniques on the basis of the major research questions asked. Chapter three provides a brief review of univariate and bivariate statistical techniques for those who are interested. Chapter four deals with the assumptions an limitations of mulitvariate statistical methods. Assessment and violation of assumptions are discussed, along with alternatives for dealing with violations when they occur. This chapter is also meant to be referred to often, and the reader ist guided back to it frequently in Chapters five through sixteen an eighteen (online). Chapters five through sixteen and eighteen (online) cover specific multivariate techniques. They include descriptive, conceptual sections as well as a guided tour through a real-world data set for which the analysis is apporopriate. The tour includes an example of a Results section describing the outcome of the statistical analysis apporopriate for submissions to a professional journal. Each technique chapter includes a comparision of cumputer programs. Chapter seventeen is an attempt to integrate univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistics through the multivariate general linear model. The common elements underlying all the techniques are emphasized, rather than the differences among them. This Chapter is ment to pull together the material in the remainder of the book with a conceptual rather than pragmatic emphasis.
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by murugesannano 更新: 2012-10-28


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Today (5 December 2012) in Istanbul the FIA World Motor Sport Council approved a slight change to the provisional FIA WEC calendar and the 2013 6 Hours of Sao Paulo will now take place on Sunday 1 September rather than Saturday 31 August as previously published.
The change of date was made at the request of the local promoter, Emerson Fittipaldi, after consulting with the sponsors and partners of the event. It was felt that a Sunday race was better for the local fans, which is traditionally a day of sport in Brazil.
Emerson Fittipaldi said: "Following the successful first running of the 6 Hours of Sao Paulo in September we had a discussion with our partners regarding which day would be best to run the race in 2013. It was decided to request that the race be run on Sunday rather than Saturday as this is a much better day for the people of Sao Paulo to come to Interlagos to see these fantastic cars in action. I'm pleased that the ACO and the FIA support this idea and I'm sure that we will have an even bigger crowd at the 6 Hours of Sao Paulo next year."
Gerard Neveu said: "When we received this request from Emerson Fittipaldi it made sense to us to follow his advice. Following a recommendation from the ACO, the Endurance Commission proposed the change of date to the World Motor Sport Council, which met in Istanbul today. Emerson knows how to promote an event in Brazil and if he thinks that by having the race on Sunday it will bring a bigger crowd to Interlagos then that is good for everybody. We had a great race this year and we're sure the 2013 event will be even bigger."
2013 Provisional FIA World Endurance Championship Calendar – UPDATED
14 April Round 1 6 Hours of Silverstone GBR
04 May Round 2 WEC 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps BEL
22/23 June Round 3 24 Heures du Mans FRA
01 September Round 4 6 Hours of Sao Paulo BRA
22 September Round 5 6 Hours of Austin * USA
20 October Round 6 6 Hours of Fuji JPN
10 November Round 7 6 Hours of Shanghai * CHN
30 November Round 8 6 Hours of Bahrain BAH
(Image: FIAWEC.com / Florent Gooden)
Good, so Audi's gunna get their ars whipped on a sunday?
Why don't they add the 12 hours of Sebring for the opening race?
This is disappointing for me. In Australia, if the race is on Saturday then I can watch it on Saturday evening or Sunday morning, but if its on Sunday, then it will be Monday morning so I wont be able to.
Also @Chris, Sebring is not a part of the WEC because the car count would be too high, and they don't want to turn down any ALMS competitors. They left a gap in the WEC calendar to allow teams to compete in both.
What about & Hours of Imola?
What about 6 Hours of Imola? April would be perfect weather in Italy, July is better for Silverstone too!


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- Label Info
% Daily Value Serving Size 3/4 Cup (54 g) Dry Mix Servings Per Container Apx 12 Amount Per Serving Calories 230 Calories From Fat 45 Total Fat 5 g 7% Saturated Fat 1.5 g 7% Trans Fat 0 g Cholesterol 40 mg 14% Sodium 1000 mg 41% Total Carbohydrate 35 g 11% Dietary Fiber 1 g 6% Sugars 2 g Protein 10 g 20% Vitamin A 6% Vitamin C 15% Calcium 2% Iron 10% Ingredients: Precooked noodles: durum semolina, whole eggs, salt.Noodles and Chicken Sauce: Cooked Chicken, Sweet Red Pepper, Modified Corn Starch, Chicken Fat, and Contains 2% or Less of: Chicken Base (chicken, including natural chicke juices, maltodextrin, dried whey), Salt, Sugar, Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein (hydrolyzed corn soy wheat gluten protein, soybean oil), Flavoring (autolyzed yeast extract, safflower oil, natural flavor), Onion Powder, Dried Parsley, Spices, Turmeric (for color).
Allergens: Contains: Wheat, Eggs, Milk, Soy.
- Reviews
chicken and noodles
we LOVE IT... WE CAN'T GET ENOUGH OF IT.. WE USE IT FOR OUR CAMPING IN THE INDIVUAL POUCHES.. AND HUSBAND EATS SO FAST WE CAN'T KEEP IN STOCK..
Posted on 2/4/14 by Cassandra
I ordered individual packets but am now ordering a can. This was the FAVE in our house of the entrees we tried. Like the ideas about additions. I plan to vacuum seal portions in order to to preserve shelf life.
Posted on 9/25/13 by creedyrn
Good stuff!
Another winner from Mountain House! Although the actual chicken chunks were a bit small/sparse, I really didn't mind because the overall chicken flavor was great. I loved the ruffly noodles! Tasty and filling.
Posted on 6/18/12 by Jennifer C
Very Good
This is one my favorite Mountain House entrees. I add some canned sweet peas, to give it a little extra "something."
Posted on 12/27/11 by Robert
Very Tasty
We had this for dinner a few times and it was very tasty. Could use a little more spice, but overall it tasted very good.
Posted on 3/30/10 by Matt
My daughters favorite
Out of all the Mountain House entrees, this is the one my 5 year old will eat any time we make it. We use the pouches when we go out backpacking or snowshoeing, and this is one of the better dishes. Sort of like chicken noddle soup. I recommend it!
Posted on 2/11/10 by Fred
Write A Review - Additional Info
Mountain House, a part of Oregon Freeze Dry, pioneered freeze dried food creating a lighter weight, better tasting meal. Mountain house has been trusted to feed troops in every theater of combat since the 1960s. Their 40-year legacy has provided high quality, fully cooked, nutritious meals for troops and citizens alike. Click here to access video clips and learn more about this great brand.
Storage and handling tips:
Optimum storage is at normal room temperature conditions. After opening, reseal unused contents with plastic recloseable lid. For best results, contents should be used immediately after opening. However, when protected from moisture, product has been found acceptable up to 1 week after opening. Please note: #10 cans are sold by weight, not volume. Some settling may have occurred due to shipping, handling or variations in the product density.
For best flavor and nutrition, keep cans constantly stored at 70° or lower. Once opened, keep in air tight containers in dark cool places. To learn more about how long you can expect food to store see our Shelf Life Article.
Packaged with an oxygen absorber in a #10 stainless steel can that is double-enameled to prevent aging and rust. Includes plastic lid. #10 can dimensions: 7" high X 6.25" diameter. To learn more about how packaging makes a big difference in keeping food at optimum levels, view our Food Storage Packaging article.


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UPPER DUBLIN — Council Rock South's every-point-counts approach to wrestling has kept its state-tournament dreams intact for now.
The No. 5 Golden Hawks learned the value of that philosophy Friday night at the conclusion of their quarterfinal match vs. No. 4 Garnet Valley in the Class AAA District One Duals at Upper Dublin High School.


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Leading with Personality
March 31, 2008 | Author: admin | Filed under: Careers,Workplace Communication
Have you noticed yet that people you work with are very different from one another? Every person approaches work in his or her unique way. The talkative person who is energized by people and likes to have fun doesn't see a job in just the same way as the employee who takes charge and runs the show with tremendous efficiency. Your colleague who prefers working alone and likes to think things through carefully before proceeding may look like the associate who moves forward without complaining but they are often light years apart. For some leaders, the idea of fairness translates to a one-size-fits-all approach, and this is a mistake. We miss the point of the concept of leadership when we expect everyone to respond to us in precisely the same way.
How can we treat others with real respect, in ways that communicate that we truly see them? People want to be seen! When we view them through the lenses of their differences, we respect their strengths and help them maximize what they do well. We will create a team environment in which the best of what people do is elevated and weaknesses are made irrelevant.
We start with understanding the most basic component of personality: temperament. Nearly 2500 years ago, the physician Hippocrates put forth the idea that personality was created by varying amounts of fluids in the body. He ascribed differences to a particular balance (or imbalance) of these fluids. Today we know with certainty that we are born with a particular temperament. Researchers look at temperament in varying ways, but they all admit that we come out of the womb with it: a way of approaching life, an inborn way of seeing the world. Our experiences and influences build upon this foundation.
Even though we have discarded Hippocrates' reasons for what makes us different, we acknowledge his contribution to the biological underpinnings of personality, using his ideas as the foundation of a number of modern personality theories. See if you recognize any of the following:
The Sanguine Personality. This is the easiest personality to spot because these folks are seen and heard! They like to laugh, they talk loudly, they are naturally optimistic and sunny, and their primary motivation is to have fun. Their deepest need is to be liked.
The Melancholy Personality. These folks tend toward being naturally pessimistic (I like to say "suspicious," which is not a bad thing, because these people are frequently excellent judges of character). They are usually very detailed, more introverted and introspective than the Sanguine, and their deepest need is for solitude and sensitivity.
The Choleric Personality (pronounced like the word "cholera" with a "k" on the end of it). Choleric is the born leader, able to leap tall buildings in a single bound, ordering others around and creating efficiencies wherever he or she goes. For Cholerics, the most important need in life is to be in control and be appreciated for their hard work.
The Phlegmatic Personality. This one is characterized by its easy-going, unexcitable approach to events. These folks are happily reconciled to life, will do what they are asked without complaint, and stay calm in tense situations. Because they are so likeable they are frequently ignored, so they have a deep-seated need to be respected. They want nothing more than peace and they want others to be at peace so everyone will get along.
Armed with only these brief descriptions, can you see how you bring your own personality to your leadership style? If you are a happy person who likes to have a good time and enjoy schmoozing, you are probably irritating your precise and thoughtful coworker who prefers silence and solitude! You may think you're being personable and open; your colleague may see you as intrusive and time-consuming. The golden rule of leadership is not "do unto others as you would have them do unto you." Instead, it is this: "Do unto others as they would have you do unto them." Find out how people prefer to be treated, act accordingly, and you will find less resistance to your leadership!
The more we learn about each other, the more we can positively manage interactions with our friends, family, and coworkers. We'll know how to channel people's best attributes to doing what comes naturally and easiest for them. It's not foolproof-dealing with people always entails encountering the unexpected. But a good portion of leadership is seeing the individuals you lead instead of viewing them as only a group of followers. You don't need a degree in psychology to get the big picture of what makes people tick. You just need a little insight into how to approach relationships at work, at home, and in any situation you encounter.
©Sue Thompson 2008. All rights reserved. Want to know more about how to deal with different personalities? Sign up for Sue's newsletter at http://www.SetFreeLifeSeminars.com and find out how to see your employees more accurately! |
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January 2015
Keep healthy during the cold snap
There is a 90% probability of severe cold weather and icy conditions in parts of England. We want our patients to stay healthy during this time.
December 2014
Council of Governors and the local community bring the festive spirit to elderly patients this Christmas
The generosity of the Council of Governors, local businesses and local people meant that Christmas gifts were provided to all elderly patients staying in hospital on Christmas Day.
Chelsea and Westminster partnering Imperial College Health Partners Genomic Medical Centre to join fight against cancer and rare diseases
NHS England has today announced that Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust has been designated a Genomic Medical Centre (GMC) in partnership with Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.
Competition and Markets Authority gives go-ahead for West Middlesex and Chelsea and Westminster hospitals to join forces
The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has cleared the plans for the acquisition of West Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust by Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.
Friends bring Christmas Cheer for staff
The annual Friends Christmas Cheer Awards ceremony, which recognises members of staff and teams who have a happy, positive approach to their work and encompass our values every day, took place on Thursday 18 December.
X-Factor star raises the roof at Chelsea and Westminster
This year's annual Christmas at Chelsea and Westminster event, which took place on 11 December, was our most successful yet.
2014 X-factor finalist Lola Saunders singing at Chelsea and Westminster Christmas event
Lola Saunders, who was a finalist in this year's X-Factor, is coming to Chelsea and Westminster Hospital to sing at our Christmas event tomorrow—Thursday 11 December.
Chelsea FC spread Christmas Cheer
Players from Chelsea Football Club took time out their schedule to bring some Christmas cheer to our young patients on Monday 8 December.
Join us for Christmas at Chelsea and Westminster!
Join us on Thursday 11 December for Christmas at Chelsea and Westminster! The event will take place from 4–6pm with Chelsea Pensioners from the Royal Hospital Chelsea switching on our Christmas tree lights at the start.
Diarrhoea and vomiting—help us protect our patients and staff
It is that time of year when there is an increase in incidences of viral diarrhoea and vomiting both in the community and in the hospital.
November 2014
Council of Governors election results announced
The results of the November 2014 elections for patient, public and staff governors have been announced. Voting closed yesterday—Thursday 27 November.
Health bus providing outreach services for HIV Testing Week
A mobile 'health bus' is providing HIV testing services to identify those with the condition as early as possible.
Cycle security and safety event
The Metropolitan Police teamed up with Transport for London and the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea BKC Road Safety and Trust Travel Plan team for a cycle security and safety event today between 12 noon and 2:30pm outside the front of the hospital.
Industrial strike action Monday 24 November
On Monday 24 November some staff, including midwives, radiographers and staff in theatres, may plan to take part in a national strike from 7am-12pm.
Notice of poll
It is hereby declared that elections are to be held in the following constituencies...
October 2014
Staff survey 2014
All staff working at Chelsea and Westminster have a view on what it's like to work here, and staff are invited to share their experience confidentially through the national NHS Staff Survey.
Chelsea and Westminster staff recognised nationally and internationally
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital is celebrating some key national and international awards announced this month.
Areas 'Require Improvement' but outstanding practice recognised, says Care Quality Commission
The Care Quality Commission, in their first announced inspection of Chelsea and Westminster Hospital under their new monitoring regime, has given the Trust an overall rating of 'requires improvement'.
List of nominated candidates published
The list of candidates who have nominated themselves to stand for election to the Council of Governors in November's elections has now been published.
Calling all members—your hospital needs you!
If you are a Foundation Trust member, you can have your say on the future of your hospital by nominating yourself as a Governor with elections taking place next month.
Information about industrial action
A spokesperson for Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust said: "We would like to reassure patients and members of the public that we continue to provide a full range of hospital services today.
Notice of Election
If you are a Foundation Trust member, you can have your say on the future of your hospital when elections to the Council of Governors are held in November.
September 2014
'Preventing pressure ulcers' seminar highly rated
On Thursday 25 September Tissue Viability Nurse Sarah Masterson presented a seminar to members about preventing pressure ulcers.
Two HSJ Value in Healthcare Awards for Chelsea and Westminster Teams
It was two out of two for Chelsea and Westminster at the HSJ Value in Healthcare awards which took place last night (Tuesday 23 September).
Ministerial visit—looking at research on the frontline
On Friday 5 September the Minister for Life Science, George Freeman MP, visited the Trust to speak with staff involved in research at the hospital.
Annual Members' Meeting 2014
Join us to hear presentations from the Chairman, Chief Executive and Council of Governors, as well talks about accountable care—helping patients stay out of hospital for longer.
What is the real cost of missing your appointment?
Each month 300 patients do not attend (DNA) their appointment. The average cost of an outpatient attendance is approximately £100. Over the course of a year this totals more than £350,000—money which could be re-invested into patient services.
Support for patients following critical illness
The intensive care unit has been running patient focus groups for nearly ten years. Listening to patients' experiences of critical care enables us to make changes to our service and develop specific information for patients and their families, particularly when they are discharged from the unit.
Helping patients to get a good night's sleep
Being in hospital is a very anxious time for patients and their loved ones, and we know that getting a good night's sleep is important for recovery.
Record number of HIV tests in Westminster at 'Halfway to World AIDS day' event
A record number of legislators took HIV tests in the House of Commons Tuesday 8 July at a 'Halfway to World AIDS day' event hosted by the John Hunter Clinic, the Halve It coalition and the All-Party Parliamentary Group on HIV and AIDS.
Bright Ideas campaign
Chelsea and Westminster has launched a 'Bright Ideas' campaign to canvass staff and patient feedback on where we can improve efficiency and add value for money.
August 2014
Governor makes donation to Hospital Arts
Sandra Smith-Gordon has donated a piece of her own artwork to the Hospital Arts programme to support the Trust's focus on providing its patients with a calming hospital experience.
July 2014
RideLondon—Sunday 10 August
On the 9 and 10 August, Prudential RideLondon, a world-class festival of cycling, is taking place in London.
Beware scam job adverts
It has come to our attention that an individual or group of individuals have been impersonating Chelsea and Westminster Hospital on various recruitment websites mainly in South Africa and on social media.
Keep cool during the hot weather
The UK is currently experiencing a particularly hot spell of weather and has moved to Heat-Health Alert level 2 (60% probability of heatwave conditions between 8am on Friday and 8am on Sunday in parts of England).
Culture Minister Ed Vaizey hosts launch of charity appeal
Culture Minister Ed Vaizey hosts launch of charity appeal to transform the experience of A&E for 140,000 patients at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
Tour de France travel information - Monday 7 July
The UK leg of the Tour de France begins on Saturday 5 July and travels through the London area on Monday 7 July. The route does not go near Chelsea and Westminster Hospital but may impact travelling to the Trust.
June 2014
Absolutely fabulous Open Day 2014
This year's Open Day on Saturday 14 June had a very special guest, Joanna Lumley, who helped bring in crowds of more than 2,000 people on the day.
Chief Inspector of Hospitals asks people to tell him about the care provided by Chelsea and Westminster
England's new Chief Inspector of Hospitals is inviting members of the public to tell his inspection panel what they think of the services provided by Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital welcomes Joanna Lumley to Open Day 2014
This year's Open Day, from 11am-3pm on Saturday 14 June, promises to be the biggest ever and will be launched by Joanna Lumley.
Interactive arts and music audio tour to improve hospital patients' treatment and rehabilitation
Chelsea and Westminster Health Charity has launched a mobile phone app as part of its new arts in health project, Rhapsody, which brings together music and visual arts into an interactive audio tour for the benefit of hospital patients.
May 2014
Top marks for 'Keeping you well' seminar
Foundation Trust members were invited to attend the Medicine for Members seminar on Thursday 22 May which focused on Keeping you well with presentations addressing key parts of the Trust's Health and Wellbeing Strategy.
Star awards winners revealed... and a 'chelfie'
The Star Awards, now in their third year, recognise those staff who embody our Trust values of Respectful, Kind, Safe and Excellent.
Chelsea and Westminster named as one of the CHKS 40Top Hospitals 2014
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust is one of the CHKS 40Top Hospitals for 2014, an accolade awarded to the 40 top performing CHKS client trusts.
Leading artists and designers join forces with charity to transform the A&E experience for thousands of patients every year
Chelsea and Westminster Health Charity is bringing together leading artists and designers to support Chelsea and Westminster Hospital create the country's leading A&E department.
New children's outpatient department opening
We are delighted to confirm that the new Children's Outpatients Department is opening on Tuesday 6 May.
April 2014
Keeping you well Medicine for Members seminar
Foundation Trust members are invited to book their place for Medicine for Members event Keeping you well which takes place on Thursday 22 May, 5:30–6:30pm in the Postgraduate Lecture Theatre, Lower Ground Floor at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital.
Chelsea and Westminster top performing A&E for the second year running
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital is the top performing Trust in England for the national A&E 4 hour waiting time target for the second year in a row.
Chelsea and Westminster shortlisted for two top hospitals awards
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital has been shortlisted for two CHKS Top Hospitals awards—Patient Safety and Quality of Care.
Cadets of Chelsea and Westminster blog launched
The Cadets of Chelsea and Westminster are students aged 16–18 who are involved with Trust activities such as Open Day, visiting patients on wards, offering a cup of tea or a newspaper, and presenting at our Annual Members Meeting.
March 2014
State-of-the-art Birth Centre sees 100th baby born
The Trust's state-of-the-art Birth Centre has seen its 100th baby born. Baby Cochrane was born on 23 March to proud dad and mum Thomas and Emma.
The opening of Chelsea Children's Hospital
Their Royal Highnesses The Prince of Wales and The Duchess of Cornwall visited Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust on Tuesday 18 March to open Chelsea Children's Hospital.
Best risk banding for Chelsea and Westminster Hospital says Care Quality Commission
The Care Quality Commission (CQC), the independent regulator of health and social care in England, has given Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust the best risk banding possible in their latest Intelligent Monitoring Report.
Positive feedback on Emergency Department Redevelopment seminar
On Thursday 27 February members of the Emergency Department (ED) team and Chelsea and Westminster Health Charity gave a Medicine for Medicine presentation outlining our plans for the £10m redevelopment of our ED.
February 2014
Staff engagement at Chelsea and Westminster at an all-time high, says staff survey
Performance improves in 2013, above the national average score, in the NHS Staff Survey. This year's Staff Survey results list Chelsea and Westminster Hospital in the best 20% of Trusts for...
Chance to find out about our £10m ED Redevelopment
Dr Patrick Roberts (Clinical Lead for A&E) and Hilary Donnellan (Deputy Clinical Nurse Manager and ED Redevelopment Lead) will be talking about the exciting £10m re-development of our Emergency Department which will start this summer.
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital visiting restrictions
We recognise that visitors are important to our patients' wellbeing, but at this time the risk of visitors spreading norovirus (diarrhoea and vomiting/D&V), colds and flu is so high that we need to restrict visiting to ensure the safety of our patients and staff.
Pioneering palliative care guidance published by Chelsea and Westminster Neonatal Team
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust has published the first ever guidance of its kind to support staff caring for very young babies with life limiting conditions who need palliative or end of life care.
Public meeting with the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea
Residents and community groups will have an opportunity to question the senior management of Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust at a public meeting on Monday 24 February at 6.30pm in Kensington Town Hall.
First baby born in new state-of-the-art birth centre at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
On Wednesday 5 February Chelsea and Westminster Hospital opened a new, bespoke, midwife-led birth centre and witnessed its first delivery when a baby boy was born at 1:59pm.
New drug treatment reduces chronic pain following shingles
A new drug treatment has been found to be effective against chronic pain caused by nerve damage, also known as neuropathic pain, in patients who have had shingles.
January 2014
Nominations now open for Star Awards!
Nominations are open for outstanding individuals and teams who make the greatest difference to our patients and hospital for this year's Chelsea and Westminster Star Awards.
TfL Underground strike 4–6 February—all tube lines affected
Please be aware that Transport for London (TfL) has confirmed that a strike by London Underground staff is expected to go-ahead from 9pm on Tuesday 4 February, ending at 9:30pm on Thursday 6 February.
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital wins highly commended award for improved weekend readmission rates
Dr Foster Intelligence, the leading provider of healthcare information and benchmarking solutions in England, has announced in this year's Good Hospital Guide that Chelsea and Westminster Hospital has one of the most improved weekend readmission rates in the country.
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With shrimp, scallops, sausage and rice, a single helping of this Spanish-style supper is sure to satisfy.
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Paella originated in Valencia, Spain, and is named for the special wide and shallow pan used in the traditional preparation.
Artichoke and Red Pepper Pizza
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Transmogrifying a Maiev lookalike set
That hasn't stopped players from trying to recreate it, however. And this week we got an email submission from reader Krainz, who managed to put together a surprisingly reminiscent version of Maiev's unique look, using in game armor with the same color palette. Although it's not an exact match by any means, it's close enough that it definitely looks like a Warden outfit. And it was honestly too cool not to share with you all.
Filed under: Transmogrification


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Obst, Michael (*1955)
Michael Obst a professing traditionalist? Many of his compositions show up unmistakable music-historical references. Compositional allusions to Skryabin, Messiaen, Luciano Berio and Schumann, as well as borrowings from the stylistic vocabulary of jazz - as in the "Nachtstücke" for example - make it clear that Obst considers his compositions as part of a music-historical continuum which, beyond mere considerations of structure and concept, serves as a repertoire for his expressive musical idiom. (Hans Hubert Steins, MusikTexte Nr. 84)
1955 | Born in Frankfurt/Main |
1973-1978 | Studies music education in Mainz |
1977-1982 | Studies piano with Alfons and Aloys Kontarsky in Cologne |
1979-1982 | Active as composer at the Studio for Electronic Music of the Cologne Musikhochschule |
1981-1986 | Member of the Ensemble Modern as pianist |
1986-1989 | Works with Karlheinz Stockhausen as performer of electronic keyboard instruments |
since 1996 | Professor of composition and electronic music in Weimar |
2010-2013 | Visiting Professor of composition and dramatic arts in Vienna |
Career | Invitations and work commissions from the Studios of Ghent (IPEM), Stockholm (EMS), Paris (IRCAM), Cologne (WDR) and Bourges (GmeB). Several awards at international competitions for electronic music. World premieres and first performances at festivals in Germany and abroad, including at the "10 Years of IRCAM/Paris" event in 1987, the 1987, 1989 and 1995 Donaueschinger Musiktage, the World Music Days in Cologne (1987) and Amsterdam (1989), the 1992 and 1995 "Musik im 20. Jahrhundert" in Saarbrücken, the 1992 Festival "Jeunes Compositeurs" in Paris and the 1996 Munich Biennale. |
Pianist and composer, sculptor of electronic sounds and author of scores for acoustic instruments, undaunted creator of concert pieces and grand projects such as film scores and an opera - Michael Obst is a wizard of sounds with a refined sensibility and an incontestable know-how.
The path he has followed is anything but conventional. As a student of music education in Mainz, he met the renowned pianist Alfons Kontarsky and decided to pursue his studies with him and later with his brother Aloys Kontarsky, broadening his knowledge of the contemporary repertoire as a pianist. While studying piano in Cologne, he worked at the Electronic Music Studio of the Musikhochschule there, where he took his first steps in composition. These essays in the electro-acoustic domain soon bore fruit and gave rise to works ("metal drop music", "Ye-Na-Je", "Kristallwelt I", etc.) which were awarded prizes at such prestigious venues as the festivals of Bourges and Varese. The press perceived in these works "an instrumental thinking that is extraordinary in electronic music."
In 1981, Michael Obst helped found the Ensemble Modern, and served as the ensemble's pianist. Before long, the ensemble developed an agenda of intensive concertizing whereby it clearly placed the emphasis on premiering new works. This experience provided Obst with the musical knowledge which formed his true apprenticeship in instrumental composition: "Through my work as a pianist in the Ensemble Modern, I learned composition in all its most practical aspects (the basic notions of form and time, as well as of notation and instrumentation)."
In 1986, Obst decided to devote more of his time to writing music, and he gradually reduced his activities as a pianist. He became more and more interested in instrumental music, and the compositional thinking which he developed was directly influenced by his experience with electronic music: "I wanted to explore the possibilities of applying to musical instruments the expressive means developed in the field of electro-acoustics. That soon led me work on sound quality and to develop sound spectrums in my instrumental music, the movement of which could be compared to electro-acoustic concepts."
"Kristallwelt III", for example, was initially conceived as a work for tape; only later did Obst add the instrumental part which accompanies and enhances it. In "Nachtstücke", on the other hand, instrumental virtuosity is given pride of place, while the electronic sound simply extends it occasionally. There are now also purely acoustical works such as Fresko, Nuances and Miroirs.
But whether using electronic sounds or orchestral instruments, Obst always crystallizes from them a fundamentally "material" idea, linked to the sound material itself. This material is subjected to a virtuoso treatment from which a particularly pronounced emotional power ensues. It is thus not by chance that he admits a profound admiration for Luciano Berio: "Berio's music from the 60s and 70s had a strong influence on me. I detected an Italian conception of sound, lighter and less intellectual than in German music, and based on know-how mingled with lightness and the pleasure of the gesture. This instrumental gesture is also of crucial importance to my music."
In 1991, Obst began tackling projects of a larger scale, beginning with the music for the uncut version (lasting nearly five hours) of Fritz Lang's celebrated film "Dr. Mabuse". This silent film of 1922, both mythical and monstrous in its dramatic tension and its description of an era in turmoil, required a special musical treatment: "The way in which the story is presented in the film involves such different levels - from comedy and crime to violence and even physical manipulation, and including evocations of cabarets and gambling halls - that I had to try to achieve in my work a structure analogous to that of the film." The musical result is rich, ranging from musical illustration to shifting perspectives to psychological commentary. For Obst, it was clear that he was creating "an interpretation of the film some 80 years later".
Composing such complex music of lengthy duration allowed Obst an experience of musical time which cannot be acquired by composing pieces of more "normal" dimensions. This enabled him to develop two other major works: "Diaphonia" (1994) for orchestra (commissioned by the Donaueschingen Festival) and "Solaris", his first opera, premiered at the Munich Biennale in 1996. These two works also provide the best examples of Obst's synthesis - an "ars combinandi" - of electro-acoustic techniques and instrumental ensemble, of theatrical concepts and the exploration of virtual space through electronics, of the concept of form and the necessity of dramatic tension. "Diaphonia" seems to be a successful attempt at establishing a relationship between, on the one hand, the perception of harmony and spectrums (including the use of new sound transformation technologies) and, on the other, a formal framework which stakes out an appealing, though not binding, path through a soundly constructed architecture. Since the orchestral groups are spread out among the audience, Obst thus creates a strong interaction between space and musical time.
Finally, Solaris represents a kind of intersection of his work for the cinema, his orchestral pieces and his stage works. From Stanislav Lem's short story, Obst drew a psychological drama in which the relationships between the characters trapped inside a spaceship are more important than the visionary and futuristic elements usually associated with science fiction. Once again, it is the cinema which provided him with the rhythm of his operatic writing: "I learned a great deal about all aspects of movement and action, dramaturgical development and timing in the libretto and in the music by watching many films, since films are, in a way, operas. A good film gives you a feeling of satisfaction; it offers a multiple impression of a complex situation. And a good opera should be able to do this too, but in real time."
Here, then, is the basic and all too often neglected difference between film and opera, which should constitute the groundwork of a composition. Whereas cinema has developed various means of editing, cutting and creating special effects, opera can do nothing but place the emphasis on the "here and now" of the event. However, the possibilities offered today by live electronics allow the extension of temporal and spatial projections of the sound beyond the stage: "In opera today, music provides a means of using all the resources developed by the cinema, all these virtual levels of meaning, and of bringing them back into the theater. This gives music a new and obviously very important role."
Eric De Visscher (1996)
(Translation: Roger Clément)
De nouveau critère pour apprécier la musique électroacoustique, in: Esthétique et musique électroacoustique, Paris 1996
Neue Musik(-festival)?, in: Programmheft Donaueschinger Musiktage 1996, S. 35-36
Writings on Michael Obst (Selection)
Häusler, Josef: Ein Berliozianer: Michael Obst, in: Spiegel der neuen Musik: Donaueschingen. Chronik - Tendenzen - Werkbesprechungen, Kassel/Stuttgart 1996, S. 388
Spangemacher, Friedrich: Über Michael Obst / On Michael Obst, in: Komponistenprospekt Michael Obst (Breitkopf & Härtel), Wiesbaden 1987, S. 5-8
Steins, Hans Hubert: Expressive Musiksprache. Der Komponist Michael Obst, in: MusikTexte 84, Juni 2000, S. 17-21