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Gender Identity Disorder and Transsexual Issues
A mother, concerned for some time about her young son's effeminate manner, lack of male playmates, and interest in Barbie dolls, finally decides to ask the pediatrician if these are signs of a potential problem. The pediatrician is reassuring and states: "This is just a phase. It's nothing to worry about. He will grow out of it." Unfortunately, the pediatrician is probably wrong. Gender identity problems, including effeminate mannerisms, cross-dressing, exclusive cross-gender play, and lack of same-sex friends should be treated as a sign that something may be very wrong. What's usually wrong with such a child is that due to a number of specific stressful factors the boy or girl has serious difficulties in embracing the goodness of his masculinity or her femininity.
Diagnosis of GID
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM IV TR) describes Gender Identity Disorder as a strong and persistent cross-gender identification with at least four of the following:
- repeated stated desire to be of the opposite sex
- in boys a preference for cross-dressing or simulating female attire and, in girls, wearing stereotypical masculine clothing with a rejection of feminine clothing such as skirts
- strong and persistent preferences for cross-sex role in play
- strong preference for playmates of the opposite sex
- intense desire to participate in games and pastimes of the opposite sex.
In adolescents and adults, the disturbance is manifested by symptoms such as a stated desire to be the other sex, frequent passing as the other sex, desire to live or be treated as the other sex, or the conviction that he or she has the typical feelings and reactions of the other sex.
Emotional conflicts in children with GID
Boys who exhibit such symptoms before they enter school are more likely to be unhappy, lonely, and isolated in elementary school. They often suffer from separation anxiety, depression, and behavioral problems and become targets to be victimized by bullies and even pedophiles. Often they experience same-sex attraction in adolescence and if they engage in homosexual activity. they are more likely than boys who do not, to be involved in drug and alcohol abuse or prostitution. They are also at greater risk to attempt suicide; to contract a sexually transmitted disease; or to develop a serious psychological disorder as an adult. A small number of these boys will become transvestites or transsexuals.
A loving and compassionate approach to these troubled children is not to support their difficulty in accepting the goodness of their masculinity or femininity, which is being advocated in the media and by many health professionals who lack expertise in GID, but to offer them and their parents the highly effective treatment which is available.
Origins of GID
GID origins are complex and multi-factorial. Some young male children who lack eye-hand coordination and, are not confident playing sports, don't join male peers in athletic activities because of fear of being rejected. Such rejection can be subtle in that boys who are not proficient in sports may not be invited to join in team play, a major form of male bonding in childhood, simply because they can't help the team. The fear of rejection however, often leads them to turn to girls for friendship. For some this leads to over identification with these friends and the development of feminine traits in speech and in mannerisms. Symptoms of effeminacy and strong identification with females can intensify eventually leading to the development of a gender identify disorder. (See Gender Identity Disorder article at www.narth.com.) Also, the absence of a father-role model in the home can contribute in some males to a profound weakness in male confidence, a difficulty in identifying with the goodness of masculinity and identity confusion.
Another cause of GID is seen in males who have special artistic and creative gifts that lead to a strong attraction to the beauty in the female world and to an identification with femininity. This artistic response can begin early in childhood and can lead to a desire to be female. In rare cases, a parent wanting a child to be of the opposite sex and dresses and treats a boy as a female or a girl as a male. In addition some boys act in a feminine manner because they perceive their fathers as giving preferential treatment to an older sister. By acting like a sister they unconsciously hope to gain more attention and acceptance from the father.
In addition, a poor body image in a male as a result of being overly thin, small in stature or a lack of musculature can contribute to a profound sense of insecurity in one's masculinity, self-rejection or self-hatred in a culture obsessed with the body and a failure to appreciate the goodness of one's masculinity. The developmental faliure in appreciating the goodness in one's masculinity lead to an identification with femininity. Cognitive distortions can then develop and include thinking that one's mae body is inadequate and not truly masculine and that one would be happier with a female body.
Also, we have seen men who experience emotional and physical abuse by a father, brother and male peers at school and in the neighborhood that led to a negative identification of masculinity and later a rejection of masculinity. As children, these males felt safer in the female world and over identified with the goodness of masculinity while harboring a cognitive distortion that masculinity is cruel and insensitive. Such cognitive and emotional conflicts can lead to a desire to be female.
GID in young girls can develop as a result of the desire to please a father, who wanted an athletic child. Overinvolvment in athletic competition can lead to an overidentification with masculinity. GID can also develop as a result of a lack of acceptance by same sex peers. This girls and teenagers are very lonely and isolated and can unconsciously believe that if they were male they would have more friends. This results in low self-esteem and later self-hatred. Failure to attach securely to and to identify with the mother can be another factor. These young girls fail to identify with their mothers and to embrace the goodness of their femininity. Young females who don't identify with their femininity, are "tom boys" and are overly involved in athletic activities can be difficult to identify in a culture which places increasing importance on athletic success in females.
In addition in a culture in which young females are influenced to think that their femininity is determined primarily by their bodies, girls can develop a negative view of themselves if their bodies don't fit the rigid cultural model of having large breasts and being thin. Then, a lack of acceptance by female peers and a hatred of one's body and ultimately of one's femininity can develop with a desire to become male. The lack of appreciation of the goodness and beauty of the female body and "genius" can lead to the fixed false thinking which is a delusion that a female is actually a male within a female's body. Some of these females meet the criteria for a Body Dysmorphic Disorder.
Another factor in the development of GID and even a desire for Sexual Reassignment Surgery (SRS) in teenagers can be the result of traumatic experiences in the father relationship who overreacted in anger or who was physically or sexually abusive. One father during a famliy therapy session with his daughter who was dressed as a male and who wanted SRS apologized to her for his excessive anger during her childhood. He stated, "I am so sorry that I communicated as my father did, that is with too much anger and not enough praise and cheerfulness. I think that I have put into you a fear of being hurt by males. You may believe that if you have SRS you will feel safer and will be less likely to be hurt by a man." He was surprised by his daughter's gentle response, "You may be right."
We have worked with other females who identified as males because of the severe rejection they experienced in early childhood by their father. Unconsciously, they thought if they were males, they might finally gain his acceptance. We have treated smaller numbers of males whose mothers rejected them because of their narcissism and addictions who unconsciously thought if they were females they might finally receive the love they had never received from their mothers.
GID and Genes
Dr. George Rekers at the University of S. Carolina Medical Schools studied 70 boys who were given thorough medical and psychological evaluations including chromosome analysis. No chromosomal abnormalities were found. (Rekers G, et al. 1979. Genetic and physical studies of male children with psychological gender disturbances, Psychological Medicine 9: 373-375.)
Parents of children with GID
The evaluation of parents of children with GID is essential in the treatment plan. Drs. Zucker, Bradley and colleagues in a 2003 study found that the rate of maternal psychopathology was high by any standard and included depression and bipolar disorder. The fathers particularly demonstrated depression and substance abuse disorder. They recommended that parental conflicts and psychopathology among the parents of children with GID deserved thoughtful consideration. (Zucker K, Bradley, S. et al. 2003. Psychopathology in parents of boys with gender identity disorder. J. Amer. Acad. Of Child & Adolesc. Psychiatry 42: 2-4).
Furthermore, in their textbook, Gender Identity Disorder, they noted that the composite measure of maternal psychopathology correlated quite strongly with Child Behavior Checklist indices of behavior problems in boys with GID.
Boys, who are particularly sensitive to maternal affect, can become anxious and fearful. Zucker and Bradley, experts in Gender Identity Disorder, which is often a precursor of Same Sex Attraction, noted that of 10 consecutive boys brought to their GID clinic for evaluation in every case the mother was suffering from some problem which made attachment to her son problematic.
According to Susan Bradley:
… boys with GID appear to believe that they will be more valued by their families or that they will get in less trouble as girls than as boys. These beliefs are related to parents' experiences within their families of origin especially tendencies on the part of mothers to be frightened by male aggression or to be in need of nurturing, which they perceive as a female characteristic. (Susan Bradley, Affect Regulation and the Development of Psychopathology, NY: Guilford Press, 2003, p. 201-202)
Mothers may block separation, frowning when their sons display typically masculine behaviors, not smiling at their sons' growing independence, and interfering with the father/son relationship. If the father tries to toss the son up in the air or engage in other rough-and-tumble play, the mother may grab the boy out of his father's hands. The boy receives the message that his father is not trustworthy. In other cases, the father is cold or unavailable to the son. In their book, Gender Identity and Psychosexual Problems in Children and Adolescents, Zucker and Bradley posit that:
"The boy, who is highly sensitive to maternal signals, perceives the mother's feelings of depression and anger. Because of his own insecurity, he is all the more threatened by his mother's anger or hostility, which he perceives as directed at him. His worry about the loss of his mother intensifies his conflict over his own anger, resulting in high levels of arousal or anxiety. The father's own difficulty with affect regulation and inner sense of inadequacy usually produces withdrawal rather than approach.
The parents have difficulty resolving the conflicts they experience in their own marital relations, and fail to provide support to each other. This produces an intensified sense of conflict and hostility.
In this situation, the boy becomes increasingly unsure about his own self-value because of the mother's withdrawal or anger and the father's failure to intercede. This anxiety and insecurity intensify, as does his anger." (Kenneth Zucker, Susan Bradley Gender Identity and Psychosexual Problems in Children and Adolescents, NY: Gilford, 1995, p.262).
Zucker and Bradley observe that fathers of gender-disturbed boys tend to go along with their wives' tolerance of cross-gender behaviors, despite their inner discomfort with this tolerance. "These men are often easily threatened and feel inadequate themselves. These qualities appear to make it very difficult for them to connect with sons who display non-masculine behavior." Withdrawing from their feminine sons, "they often deal with their conflicts by overwork or distancing themselves from their families. The fathers' difficulty expressing feelings, and their inner sense of inadequacy are the roots of this emotional withdrawal."
In our experience we have found it important to strengthen the confidence of fathers in their self-giving to sons with GID and to identify the reasons in particular why a mother would want to feminize her son, encourage cross dressing and even later support transsexual surgery in some cases.
Treatment of GID
Gender Identity Disorder in children is a highly treatable condition. The majority of children treated by those with expertise in this area are able to embrace the goodness of their masculinity or femininity. Over the past 30 years, Dr. Kenneth Zucker, a psychologist and head of the gender-identity service at the Center for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, has worked with about 500 preadolescent gender-variant children. In his studies, 80 percent grow out of the behavior, but 15 to 20 percent continue to be distressed about their gender and may ultimately change their sex. Dr. Zucker tries to "help these kids be more content in their biological gender" by encouraging same-sex friendships and activities like board games that move beyond strict gender roles." (www.nytimes.com/2006/12/02/us/02child.html.)
However, according to Zucker and Bradley, "parental ambivalence is, in most cases part of the problem." Parents, particularly mothers, who might rationalize that it is "cute" to have a boy wear female clothing, often ignore or excuse obvious appearances of effeminacy in males. These psychologists encourage early intervention to prevent the suffering of isolation, unhappiness and low self-esteem that children with GID experience. This also helps to avoid a later poorly understood desire some may have for sex change surgery.
"In general," they say, "we concur with those who believe that the earlier treatment begins, the better. ...It has been our experience that a sizable number of children and their families can achieve a great deal of change." They also state, "In these cases, the gender identity disorder resolves fully, and nothing in the children's behavior or fantasy suggest that gender identity issues remain problematic. ... All things considered, however, we take the position that in such cases clinicians should be optimistic, not nihilistic, about the possibility of helping the children to become more secure in their gender identity." (Zucker K, & Bradley S. 1995. Gender Identity Disorder and Psychosexual Problems in Children and Adolescents. New York: Guilford Publications, 1995, p.281 and p.282.)
Children are born with a drive to seek love and acceptance from each parent, as well as siblings and peers. If this need is met, children develop an acceptance of their masculinity or femininity. When this developmental task is successfully completed, the child is free to choose gender atypical activities. Boys and girls with gender identity problems are not freely experimenting with gender atypical activities. They are constrained by deep insecurities and fears and are reacting against the reality of their own sexual identity, usually as a result of failing to experience love and acceptance from the parent of the same sex or same sex peers. Obtaining the history of the child's emotional development, of his relationships with each parent and same sex peers, of his parents' marital relationship and of his parents' mental health is essential in the evaluation of these anxious children.
Children can also learn to correct their cognitive distortions in regard to their natural goodness and beauty as a male or female. The responses can including thinking:
- "I can grow to be appreciate the goodness of my body and masculinity and femininity,"
- "I can be thankful for my special masculinity or femininity,"
- "I can grow to feel more comfortable with those of the same sex."
Therapy is not directed toward forcing a sensitive or artistic boy to become a macho-sports fanatic, but helping a boy to grow in confidence, appreciate the goodness of his masculinity, and be happy in his masculinity.
The following interventions for boys with GID are helpful:
- increasing quality time for bonding with the father
- increasing affirmation of the son's masculine gifts by the father
- participating in and support for the son's creative efforts by the father
- encouraging same sex friendships and diminishing time with opposite sex friends
- coaching the son in the development of athletic confidence and skills if possible
- slowly diminishing play with opposite sex toys
- encouraging the boy to be thankful for his special male gifts
- slowly leading the boy into team play if the athletic abilities and interest improve
- working at forgiving boys who may have hurt him
- communicating with other parents whose children have been treated successfully for GID and who have come to appreciate and to embrace the goodness of their masculinity and femininity
- addressing the emotional conflicts in a mother who wants her son to be a girl
- in those with faith, encouraging thankfulness for one's special God-given masculine gifts.
The following interventions for girls with GID are helpful:
- encouraging the daughter to appreciate the goodness and beauty of her femininity, including her body
- encouraging same sex friendships and activities
- increasing the mother-child quality time
- encouraging parental praise of their daughter
- working with the daughter to forgive peers who have hurt her
- encouraging pursuit of a balance in athletic activities
- addressing conflicts in parents who want her to be a boy
- in those with faith, encouraging thankfulness for one's special God-given femininity
An article in which a father discusses the healing process of his son's GID can be a source of understanding and encouragement to parents,www.ncregister.com/site/article/15350.
Also, the National Association for Research and Treatment of Homosexuality has an excellent review of GID available on its web site, http://www.narth.com/docs/GIDReviewKenZucker.pdf.
GID, Cross Dressing and Schools
Some parents who, in fact, wish that their son were a daughter (or the reverse) sometimes, allow such a GID child to go to school dressed as the opposite sex, rather than seek treatment for the child's psychiatric condition. Unfortunately today some schools support such pathologic behavior and mislabel such a child as a transgender even though there is no such child diagnosis in the psychiatric diagnostic manual. (www.philly.com/inquirer/local/pa/chester/20080503_School_challenge__Transgender_student_is_age_9.html.)
A medical response to the harmful support of cross dressing in schools by principals, school superintendents and parents is available at www.narth.com.
Also, Dr. Zucker, based on his work with these children and his research also disagrees with the "free to be" approach with young children and cross-dressing in schools and in public. Superintendents and school districts should insist that parents who want their child to attend school dressed in opposite sex clothing be required to have the child evaluated by a mental health evaluation. This would enable a child with gender identity disorder to enter treatment in a timely fashion. Permitting behavior such as cross-dressing may simply enable and reinforce a serious psychiatric disorder. In addition principals and superintendents are best advised to not permit or tolerate any cross-dressing in schools. Not only will this further harm a child with GID, but will cause other children to suffer confusion and distress.
GID and Mental Illness
In one study of 120 Dutch children ages 4 to 11 with GID 52% of the children diagnosed had one or more diagnoses in addition to GID. Thirty seven percent had anxiety disorders and 23% had behavioral disruptive disorders. (Wallien, M.S., et al. 2007, Psychiatric co-morbidity among children with gender identity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 46:1307-14.) In another study 129 Dutch psychiatrists reported on 225 patients with GID. The report noted that 79% had personality disorders, 26% had mood disorders and 24% had psychotic disorders. (Campo J, et al. 2003. Psychiatric co-morbidity of Gender Identity Disorders: a survey among Dutch psychiatrists Am J Psychiatry. 160, 7:1332-6.)
GID and Health Professionals
Parents need to be cautious in choosing a mental health professional to consult for this condition. Many parents have had experiences with professionals who have refused to diagnose GID even though the child's behaviors met criteria for this disorder. Instead, they misdiagnose the child as transgender and ask the parents to support rather than treat cross gender desires and behaviors. They also fail to explore the child's same sex peer relationships or to present the psychiatric literature which demonstrates that it is possible to help these children learn to embrace the goodness of their gender and establish healthy same sex friendships. Such advice is often traumatic to the parents and ultimately harmful to the child.
Most pediatricians have little knowledge of gender identity disorder because it is often not taught in their pediatric training. Such a policy is indefensible because GID is an acknowledged psychiatric disorder in children that is associated with significant emotional suffering. Hopefully, this "politically correct" policy of these pediatric training programs will one day be replaced by solid medical science as pediatricians should provide information and initial guidelines for the treatment of GID.
Pope Benedict and Gender
Pope Benedict commented on the dangers associated with the current use of the term gender. He stated, "It (The Church) has a responsibility for the created order and ought to make this responsibility prevail, even in public. And in so doing, it ought to safeguard not only the earth, water, and air as gifts of creation, belonging to everyone. It ought also to protect man against the destruction of himself. What is necessary is a kind of ecology of man, understood in the correct sense. When the Church speaks of the nature of the human being as man and woman and asks that this order of creation be respected, it is not the result of an outdated metaphysic. It is a question here of faith in the Creator and of listening to the language of creation, the devaluation of which leads to the self-destruction of man and therefore to the destruction of the same work of God. That which is often expressed and understood by the term "gender", results finally in the self-emancipation of man from creation and from the Creator. Man wishes to act alone and to dispose ever and exclusively of that alone which concerns him. But in this way he is living contrary to the truth, he is living contrary to the Spirit Creator.
The tropical forests are deserving, yes, of our protection, but man merits no less than the creature, in which there is written a message which does not mean a contradiction of our liberty, but its condition. The great Scholastic theologians have characterized matrimony, the life-long bond between man and woman, as a sacrament of creation, instituted by the Creator himself and which Christ without modifying the message of creation has incorporated into the history of his covenant with mankind. This forms part of the message that the Church must recover the witness in favour of the Spirit Creator present in nature in its entirety and in a particular way in the nature of man, created in the image of God. Beginning from this perspective, it would be beneficial to read again the Encyclical Humanae Vitae: the intention of Pope Paul VI was to defend love against sexuality as a consumer entity, the future as opposed to the exclusive pretext of the present, and the nature of man against its manipulation," Pope Benedict XVI, Christmas address to the Curia, 12/22/08.
GID vs. Transgender Child
Some medical centers are unfortunately going further and providing hormone treatments to GID children whom they label as transgender. A pediatric specialist at Children's Hospital Boston has recently begun a clinic for boys who feel like girls and girls who want to be boys. He offers his patients, some as young as 7 years, counseling about the "naturalness" of their feelings, and hormones to delay the onset of puberty. These drugs stop the natural process of sexual development that would make it more surgically difficult to have a sex alteration later in life. This theoretically allows the child and adolescent patients more time to decide whether they want to make the change. This physician alleges that those whom he labels as transgender children are deeply troubled by a lack of understanding of their feelings and have a high level of suicide attempts. He told the Boston Globe that he has never seen any patient make a suicide attempt after they've started hormonal treatment. (www.bioedge.org/index.php/bioethics/bioethics_article/8167/.)
While this physician is accurate in his interpretation of the literature that children with GID and transgender ideation are deeply troubled, his claims of a high level of suicide attempts in children with GID is not substantially supported by that same literature. What is supported is that most children who are treated for their feelings of being of the opposite sex improve remarkably and experience a resolution of their serious emotional and behavioral pain and conflict. All children with cross gender feelings should be evaluated for GID before any hormonal treatment is considered. This pediatrician also fails to consider the potentially serious side effects attributable to taking these hormones in childhood.
Paul McHugh, M.D., University Distinguished Service Professor of Psychiatry and past Chair of Psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University, has a much different view of the attempt to change the sex of children. (www.mercatornet.com/articles/experimenting_with_childrens_sexual_identity.) His studies of transgender surgery brought the procedures to an end there. He has stated that, "Treating these children with hormones does considerable harm and it compounds their confusion. Trying to delay puberty or change someone's gender is a rejection of the lawfulness of nature."
Dr. McHugh studied those who sought transsexual surgery at Johns Hopkins and also wrote, "I have witnessed a great deal of damage from sex-reassignment. The children transformed from their male constitution into female roles suffered prolonged distress and misery as they sensed their natural attitudes. Their parents usually lived with guilt over their decisions, second-guessing themselves and somewhat ashamed of the fabrication, both surgical and social, they had imposed on their sons. As for the adults who came to us claiming to have discovered their true sexual identity and to have heard about sex-change operations, we psychiatrists have been distracted from studying the causes and natures of their mental misdirections by preparing them for surgery and for a life in the other sex. We have wasted scientific and technical resources and damaged our professional credibility by collaborating with madness rather than trying to study, cure, and ultimately prevent it." Surgical Sex, First Things," November 2004.
Dr. Cohen-Kettenis, a psychiatrist at a transsexual treatment center for adolescents in the Netherlands wrote in the major journal of child psychiatry that, "The percentage of children coming to our clinic with GID as adolescents wanting sex reassignment is much higher than the reported percentages in the literature." She went on to write, "We believe treatment should be available for all children with GID, regardless of their eventual sexual orientation."(Gender Identity Disorder in the DSM? J Am Acad Child & Adolesc Psychiatr. 2001. 40:391.)
A 2011 Swedish study on follow for patients after sex reassignment found considerably higher risks for mortality, suicidal behaviour, and psychiatric morbidity than the general population. Their findings suggested that sex reassignment, although alleviating gender dysphoria, may not suffice as treatment for transsexualism and places the patients at risk for severe psychiatric illnesses, (Lichtenstein, D.C., 2011).
I coauthored an article on sexual reassignment surgery for the oldest medical moral journal in the United States, the Catholic Medical Association's Linacre Quarterly. Below is the abstract of this article.
The Psychopathology of "Sex Reassignment" Surgery:Assessing Its Medical, Psychological, and Ethical Appropriateness
Richard Fitzgibbons, M.D., Philip M. Sutton, and Dale O'Leary
National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 9.1 (Spring 2009): 109–137.
Abstract. Is it ethical to perform a surgery whose purpose is to make a male look like a female or a female to appear male? Is it medically appropriate? Sexual reassignment surgery (SRS) violates basic medical and ethical principles and is therefore not ethically or medically appropriate. (1) SRS mutilates a healthy, non-diseased body. To perform surgery on a healthy body involves unnecessary risks; therefore, SRS violates the principle primum non nocere, "first, do no harm." (2) Candidates for SRS may believe that they are trapped in the bodies of the wrong sex and therefore desire or, more accurately, demand SRS; however, this belief is generated by a disordered perception of self. Such a fixed, irrational belief is appropriately described as a delusion. SRS, therefore, is a "category mistake"—it offers a surgical solution for psychological problems such as a failure to accept the goodness of one's masculinity or femininity, lack of secure attachment relationships in childhood with same-sex peers or a parent, self-rejection, untreated gender identity disorder, addiction to masturbation and fantasy, poor body image, excessive anger, and severe psychopathology in a parent. (3) SRS does not accomplish what it claims to accomplish. It does not change a person's sex; therefore, it provides no true benefit. (4) SRS is a "permanent," effectively unchangeable, and often unsatisfying surgical attempt to change what may be only a temporary (i.e., psychotherapeutically changeable) psychological/psychiatric condition.
Many young people who request SRS will claim that they are have serious emotional conflicts because their thinking of themselves as being of the opposite sex is at odds with their body. They allege SRS will alleviate this psychological struggle.
These youth fail to understand that they have often developed cognitive distortions when young which is the cause of the conflict. These distortions can often be successfully treated with cognitive behavioral therapy. These thinking errors include the belief that they lack goodness and beauty as a male or as a female or that their body is inferior to those of same sex peers. The later distortion can be associated with a sense of shame.
Hopefully, physicians and mental health professionals will provide informed consent to youth with GID and transsexaul struggles and offer the appropriate evaluation to uncover cognitive and emotional conflicts.. In our professional opinion the vast majority of children who express a wish to be of the opposite sex have GID and have the right to the highly effective treatment that has been available for decades for this disorder.(See Gender Identity Disorder, Zucker and Bradley)


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Patch 4.3 PTR: New valor point weekly caps, dungeon point rewards
End Time, the first instance in the sequential set of 5-mans, took my group about 20 to 25 minutes to make our way through. Three bosses and only about seven to eight trash packs later, we were happily finished and 150 valor points richer. This time frame is radically different than the Zul' heroics we are currently used to, making the play experience, in my experience, more fulfilling in a shorter amount of time. We have not yet run the other two dungeons, but if they are as streamlined as End Time, valor points will be a less stressful experience in the future. We will have more information as it becomes available.
Brace yourselves for what could be some of most exciting updates to the game recently with patch 4.3. Review the official patch notes, and then dig into what's ahead: new item storage options, cross-realm raiding, cosmetic armor skinning and your chance to battle the mighty Deathwing -- from astride his back!
Filed under: Cataclysm

subset: commoncrawl


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Saturday, October 17
Filius Lunae - Relaunch
During this time, I can say I have become more seasoned and more acquainted with the different languages, especially the minority Romance languages, such as Catalan, Occitan, Galician, Asturian and Romansh. I also have a very good grasp of Romanian, which I didn't have back I started this blog under the name of Romanika. My Latin has improved vastly as well, up to the point of considering it a Living Language, and using it for composition and communicating with others who have attained this level of proficiency in the Roman tongue.
Thus, my posts will definitely seem more mature (as I, myself, have matured, of course), and I will be able to relate the Romance languages I write about back to their roots in Latin more often and more deeply than before.
Having occupied myself with various tasks in life, I continued to receive correspondence from readers to my blog, who responded to the content already published. I thank those readers for writing to me, as they are the ones who brought me back. This time, to stay for good.
I have quite a few things already planned for this new launch of the blog; the same type of research-like articles and posts, as before; some personal posts as wells, with my views on various language issues or headlines around the world; and I plan to incorporate video and sound as well. The posts, now organized by categories, should be easier to go through for the reader.
Any old links with the old address (romanika.blogspost.com) will redirect to the new domain, so no changes are required to old posts on the blogosphere. I do ask, however, that any new links or references to this blog be made with the new name and address. For the record, I chose Filius Lunae because that has become my online identity over the past few years; almost like a pen name for a book writer. Plus, it's in Latin, a very suitable language for the subject matter of this blog.
So, please, let's continue those thoughts about the Romance languages.
Continuemos com as línguas românicas!
¡Continuemos coas linguas románicas!
¡Continuemos con las lenguas románicas!
Continuem amb les llengües romàniques!
Continuem amb las lengas romanicas!
Continuons avec les langues romanes!
Continuamo con le lingue romanze!
Să continuăm cu limbile romanice!
4 comments:
Welcome back!
I'd enjoyed reading your old blog, and indeed have gone back to it a number of times over the past couple of years, and have wondered what became of you; you had such an enthusiasm for the Romance language family as a whole that I was really disappointed to see your disappearance, which I don't think was ever explained.
I noticed the announcement of your rebirth at Language Hat today, and it was welcome news indeed. I very much look forward to reading your new entries in the new blog.
Salve! - 4:18 PM
- John Cowan said...
Nu chonineweran cun llo linghedig rufanig. (Sorry, the subjunctive is no longer used except in proverbs and such, and I don't know how to say "Let us continue", so that's the future indicative.)
- Filius Lunae said...
@Forrest: Hey. Thanks for that message. Yes, indeed, I am back. ;)
@John: Ce limba este această ? o.O What language is that? If I had to guess, I would say a conlang with Romance influence? Can't be sure though. ;) - 2:02 AM
- Filius Lunae said...
@John: Ok! With the words you put on the other post, I found it: Brithenig. I do think I had read about that before. Interesting. ^^


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- Better Roads - http://www.betterroads.com -
Edison Brito named PSG market development director, Americas
Posted By Tina Grady Barbaccia On March 15, 2011 @ 9:32 pm In Industry,Press Releases | No Comments
Pump Solutions Group (PSG), a member of the New York-based Dover Corp.'s Fluid Management market segment and part of its fluid solutions platform, has appointed Edison Brito as market development director, Americas.
In this position, Brito will report to Andrew Usuki, PSG Director of Sales and Business Development, Americas.
"Edison brings over 18 years of experience in chemical pumping systems to his new role, and will serve our customers extremely well," says Usuki. "His skills and experience will greatly help develop PSG's chemical vertical markets in the Americas."
Edison comes to PSG after most recently serving as outside sales engineer for Hayes Pump in Fairfield, N.J.. Prior to joining Hayes Pump, Edison was a pumping systems engineer for La Llave in Quito, Ecuador.
Edison, who speaks fluent English and Spanish, has served as instructor for several training institutions, in addition to publishing work on industrial pumping applications. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering and a Masters of Business Administration from the University of Ecuador – Polytechnic School.
Article printed from Better Roads: http://www.betterroads.com
URL to article: http://www.betterroads.com/edison-brito-named-psg-market-development-director-americas/
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text: Picked up as a stray by a local animal shelter, Lord Byron was released to GRRNT after all attempts to find his owner failed.Lord Byron is a confident dog who absolutely adores people! Absolutely no food or toy aggression - he willingly shares both. He is an excellent swimmer, an enthusiastic walker and a joy filled cuddle buddy.Once Lord Byron has completed his heartworm treatment, a more detailed personality profile will be posted. Please check back!


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Scattered Shots: Pets for leveling from 80 to 85 {WoW}
Nov 22nd 2010 7:08PM "However, I much prefer to toss the talent point into Charge and Boar's Speed to minimize the amount of time that you're waiting for your pet to get to its target."
With the unlimited MD glyph, I would think these would not be necessary, and would actually be worse for hard hitting mobs. If the pet isnt in range of a melee swing, it won't be taking any damage.


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Hi everyone, I just joined this morning and I'm really happy to have found this Cacti & Succulet's Forum. I've been enjoying reading some of your posts and seeing your pics. My latest venture has been rooting a large section of Jade that I recently bought on ebay. I've always rooted jade cuttings in water in the past but after doing some reading on the web I decided to try rooting this stump directly in potting soil because it was mentioned quite a few times that it would have a stonger root system than if it was rooted in water. The cut on the stump was well healed when I got it, about two weeks the seller said but I waited another two weeks before putting it in soil. About four weeks went by and there were no signs of roots so I decided to put it in water. A week has gone by and i was very excited to see this morning that quite a few roots have appeared. Does anyone think that I might have been impatient and that it would have eventually rooted and will it be OK to continue rooting in water. All my other large Jade's were already rooted when I got them. I'm also wondering how long I should let the roots get before I plant it in soil. I like my Jade plants in a tree form which was what attracted me to this stump. Thanks in advance for your help. Mike
Follow-Up Postings:
WOW look at the size of that!! Welcome to the forum :) im sure someone will be along soon with lots of great advice for you :) Nikki |
Welcome and you made some of us jealous :) Btw. what type of jade is this big stump? |
Hi and thanks for the welcome. I'm not sure but I think that it's Crasula Ovata. It came from a huge plant that's planted outdoors in California. The seller had a pic posted of the mother plant and the main stalk was at leat five times the width of this one. |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Thu, Jul 29, 10 at 16:15
No, do not root in water. It's better to root it in soil and not water - mist the stump, every now and then, until you see new growth on the stump, then you can give it sometimes sips. I think that you'll need to let it dry and remove, if necessary, any mush that's there as the result of rooting such a large stump in water. Whatever damage there may be is easily repairable. |
- Posted by greenman28 Nor Cal 7/8 (My Page) on Thu, Jul 29, 10 at 16:31
Pot it now, if there are root primordia showing. Use a gritty, porous mix. You could even use pure Perlite for a rooting medium. Water roots develop for water; soil roots develop for soil. I definitely think the roots would have appeared if you'd waited. As Jeff says above, watch for mush on that wet end. Josh |
Jeff and Josh, Thanks very much for your help. I'm going to do as you both advised and get it out of the water and let it dry and then into soil. Jeff, you mentioned misting the stump... Just the stump or the soil or both ? Thanks again for your help. Mike |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Thu, Jul 29, 10 at 16:51
Mike, I forgot to mention, but Josh reminded me, welcome aboard. Leave it out of water for a week - if the callous is still in good shape and not rotting, fine, root in a shallow pot with some soil. If not, you'll have to give it a new cut (to healthy tissue) and, for that size of stump, I'd put on a rooting hormone powder and let sit for another week before I put it into soil. Yes, just mist the stump - there's no reason to water the soil until you see growth. After all, there are no roots, and watering the soil while the plant is rootless (and presumably the soil will stay wet, unless it's completely mineral and completely porous) will make it easy for the callous to rot. |
Thanks for the welcome and the info Jeff. I wondered about rooting hormone... When you say shallow pot, 2 to 3 inches of soil or 4 to 5 inches ? I'm wondering about the stump staying standing up. Is that soil underneath the stump as well ? I'm feeling like quite the plant novice because I think I've done quite well with a lot of my plants but this is my first experience with a cutting as large as this and I would hate to loose the cutting. I really appreciate the help I'm getting in here. Mike |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Thu, Jul 29, 10 at 18:40
Mike, As little soil as possible around/under the calloused stump - I'd say no more than 1/2". If you have a bulb pot (those pan-type ones that are wider than they are taller) it would be useful for this, and you can use rocks to stabilize it or a heavy load of top dressing. Once it's growing you can easily transplant it to a for-growing pot from it's let's-get-rooted pot. Your suggested measurements might be good for when you have the plant in active growth and has been so for some time, but I wouldn't repot it in anything more than an inch of soil around the root ball, but that's just me - depending on when you water and what kind of soil it's in, it might grow faster for you. BTW, if you can give it bottom heat when you root the stump, this will speed up the rooting process most efficiently. |
Thanks again Jeff for your help. I have several pan type containers that will work. I have it out of the water and it's drying. Hopefully I can root tone it in a week and then a week latter get it into some soil. I will keep you posted. Mike |
Hi Jeff and Josh, It's been a couple weeks since my last post about the Jade stump. I followed your advise and let it dry for a couple days after removing it from water and dusted it with hormone poweder. I put in in soil right away about an inch deep because there was root primordia showing. I've been misting the stump about every other day and keeping the soil dry. This morning my curiosity got the best of me and I gently lifted it out of the soil and it is rooting. The stump feels nice and firm at the bottom and there are little clusters of roots in three different spots and the roots are about 1/4 to 1/2 inches long. Will more roots form all the way around the base and how long do you think it will be before I start seeing new leaves growing at the top ? There are a lot of scar areas around the top of the two brances at the top of the stump where branches were cut off. Will new leaves grow through the scar areas or just through the smooth areas? Thanks again for your help. Mike |
- Posted by greenman28 Nor Cal 7/8 (My Page) on Mon, Aug 9, 10 at 11:40
Great job, Mike! Roots and branches grow from the nodes (those distinct rings or bands). The roots do not grow evenly all the way around the base. As above, so below. Now that there are roots, the stump will be able to leaf out. A stump as large as yours could take between 2 - 4 months to show top growth. Be patient. Josh |
- Posted by greenman28 Nor Cal 7/8 (My Page) on Mon, Aug 9, 10 at 12:15
Hi Josh, Thanks for the info and the pictures. The pictures really show what you're talking about. I also have a smaller stump that came along with the larger one and it's almost identicle in size to yours. I also have it rooting. I can be very patient. It was very encouraging to see roots this morning. |
Hi, I thought I would give an update on the large jade stump that Josh and Jeff helped me with back in August. The stump has now well rooted and so far all I have is one set of new leaves at the top. I don't see any signs of any more coming along. The new set of leaves popped out about a month ago. I was hoping that I would get at least two on each one of the top sections. Do you think that I will get more shoots or would they have all come out at once / |
- Posted by greenman28 Nor Cal 7/8 (My Page) on Thu, Oct 21, 10 at 9:30
It lives! Welcome back, Mike! There will be more branches eventually. The more light that hits the trunk, the more likely a new branch will emerge. |
Thanks Josh. It gets a lot of sun where it is in a bay window so fingers crossed. Mike |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Sat, Oct 23, 10 at 18:12
Mike, It's looking good. As Josh said, there will be more, but it takes an awful lot of energy for this cutting to produce leaves, IMO, because it doesn't have lots of leaves for photosynthesis to take place; ergo, the leaves that do come out, they'll take longer than your average Crassula to grow. |
- Posted by tom_termine z5b MA (My Page) on Sat, Oct 23, 10 at 19:58
Mike - How do you find that on eBay? I just did a few searches for 'jade plant stumps'...'jade plant cuttings', etc. and came up empty... Thanks. Tom |
- Posted by jojosplants Az Z9 (My Page) on Sat, Oct 23, 10 at 21:44
Tom, I browse ebay alot.. Try succulents and also succulent plants. I have never seen one like that stump on ebay.. i'd say very lucky fluke. lol.. Congrats on it's rooting and new growth Mike, I'm looking forward to seeing more progress on it. |
Hi, JoJo is right. It was a case of pure luck. I always check newly listed first and found it the same day it was listed and it had a buy it now. I've wondered how big the plant it came from is. Must have been HUGE Mike |
Now I'd like to get a piece of jade like that. Ron |
Hi everyone. Thought I would give you an update on the stump. It's about seven months now since I rooted it. I still only have the one new growth at the top. Luckily the growth has two branches with a total of five branches at the ends. Kind of interesting looking I think. The stump gets plenty of light so I'm not quite sure why I haven't had any more growth but I'm quite happy with the results and it should look pretty good as the new growth bets thicker. |
- Posted by greenman28 NorCal 7b/8a (My Page) on Fri, Feb 11, 11 at 9:24
Hey, Mike, thanks for the update! Don't worry, there will be more growth eventually.
Josh |
- Posted by meyermike_1micha 5 (email@example.com) on Fri, Feb 11, 11 at 9:30
Fantastic Job my Mass friend! I most certainly can see potential. I think once the warmer weather finally arives, watch out. I see all that snow and let's hope we get the warmer temps soon. Mike |
Great study. In SE Michigan we don't get a lot of sun in the winter, due to the Lake effects, so I have my suculents in the basement under plant lights. Please tell me if you people in Massachusetts get sun like those pictures show most days? |
Tom- I have found the jade stumps in the past searching "Jade stock". That was last summer when a seller was holding dutch auctions for lots of jade plant material. Good Luck... Maybe just have to wait for the summer to search for this seller again. -David |
- Posted by meyermike_1micha 5 (email@example.com) on Fri, Feb 11, 11 at 11:10
Hi Pat. We have so many days with lack of sun, it's no wonder half of my family here is Vitamin D defficeint..lol Looks like that finally, more than one day in a row will be sunny. But as you, I also put mine under lights to carry them through the winter. They seem to LOVE the lights better than a south facing window with such little sun anyway. When will you shut the lights off and then where will you put them? Take care and have a nice day. Mike |
- Posted by deep___roots ca9/sunset15 (My Page) on Fri, Feb 11, 11 at 11:17
Thanks for bumping this storyline to the top. I think I missed it originally. I will now add Jade stock to the list of things I might could sell on Ebay when I retire. I've got old comic books, old Dr. Seuss books...jade stock...who knew? |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Fri, Feb 11, 11 at 12:17
DR, Bringing that up hurts - I threw away hundreds of pounds, nay thousands, when I cleared out six 4-5' tall shrubs in the courtyard of my San Diego apartment. All of those thick, multi-branched trunks! |
Hi, Mike. Thank you for the MA sunshine information. I will keep the succulents under lights until warm enough to put them outside and slowly introduce them to the sun. I just realized that I have totally eliminated their water during this winter and they are putting out crazy new growth anyway. I totally forgot that they go dormant in the heat of summer. Appreciate your help. |
- Posted by meyermike_1micha 5 (firstname.lastname@example.com) on Fri, Feb 11, 11 at 13:35
Patann. Gotta love these plants for sure! Good luck with yours and pray for an early spring. God knows we could use it. :-) |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Fri, Feb 11, 11 at 13:44
Patann, If the thousands of words written by others have postively affected even just one C.o. owner's collection, well, by gosh, it's all been worth it. I meant to say in another one of our posts on this subject that, given all the things that they need to grow (warmth, but not too warm / sunny / porous soil / air circulation / water, but not too much / if potted, a pot which doesn't fight those other conditions), these might very well grow year-around, or less accelerated, but winter in their homeland is when they grow best. So one tries to supply those habitat conditions, to a degree. Here's an example of a Crassula ovata not quite getting what it needs: One of two remaining cuttings of Portland John's Crassula ovata cultivar not getting the independent / combined plant love which it needs, but getting by. That Crassula isn't the only thing needing repotting. |
Does anyone know where you can get these Hugh jade cuttings? I checked eBay, nothing. They would make a great statement plant. Sharon |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Fri, Sep 2, 11 at 9:01
Sharon, Contact me privately via my handle if you're interested. I have some contacts in San Diego (where, as you know, huge jades are as common as jade questions here are) who may be able to supply you with what you're looking for. Your question offers me another opportunity to P&M about the 1000s of lbs. of C.o. that I tossed when I lived there, including stumps on the average of 36 cm in diameter and the bark pattern of a Galapagos tortoise's back - if I knew then what I know now I'd have started a stump farm (I wouldn't mind a stump myself). And a good morning to you. |
Hi mi co, would you please give us update on your beautiful stump. i just purchased one myself, 4in. thick. Its huge and heavy. Does anyone know how long it should be calloused before planting it in gritty mix? For some reason the seller from CA insists that it roots good in water. I'm not going to try his method for fear of rot. i'm not new to jades, just never had such a huge piece. Any advices? Thanks a lot Inna |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Thu, Feb 16, 12 at 13:24
Inna, If the seller in CA says it roots well in water, I suggest you do not purchase from him/her - they don't know what they're talking about. Advice - it could take months / weeks, depending on your conditions, mostly. Ideal rooting conditions would no doubt accelerate the rooting (things like constant ambient warmth, a heat mat, etc), but it's dependent on conditions / size. You can start the rooting process a few days after it's been cut. Just don't water it (mist it only) until growth is evident. |
Hi Jeff, I did buy and received today. What upsets me he wrapped it in wet paper towels. I asked him to postpone shipping since its kind of chilly in Brooklyn, at night 33F. Nevertheless it was on my doorstep in the morning. When I wrote him in a future please don't wrap in wet towels,he was offended and replied that everybody happy w/his packing and jades could crack if not wet(it was priority mail 2 days shipping) Anyway it took me almost an hour to remove some rot started on tops. He tried to insult my intelligence;)) saying its just a way of healing. Please , unfortunately I know what rot looks like. i cleaned and sprinkled w/cinnamon(thanks Karen again). Lets hope for the best Inna |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Thu, Feb 16, 12 at 14:13
Inna, I'm sure there's a word for someone who is ignorant and condescends at the same time, but I don't know it. The best advice I can give you, assuming all the rot is gone, is to not water - more plants have been killed. As long as the rot's on top, and not at the rooting area, you should be fine. If you haven't rooted it yet, and still need to do some cutting in the rooting area, I'd also get some Rootone and use it there. BTW, what selling place did you buy it from? I'm assuming you can leave some feedback there - I hope you do. I'd give him a piece of my mind, but that's all I have, so let him know how he didn't listen to you. |
Jeff, I paid $16.00 for two plus $!0 in shipping. I think its a good deal for stumps which are 10" in height and 4" in diameter. Thanks for the advice,always helpful |
- Posted by pirate_girl Zone7 NYC (My Page) on Thu, Feb 16, 12 at 18:11
Yes, but the guy is REALLY misinformed! A dry jade can withstand weeks (maybe even months) left standing up dry & bare (no mix) in a clay pot. No cracks, split my foot, I wouldn't buy from this guy again. I've never known anyone who knew succulents to wrap moist toweling on them -- what a dork!! You're most welcome about the cinnamon tip, think thanks to the Orchid growers from whom I learned it. |
Seriously lovely, and I think I might recognize the seller--and now I know to stay clear. Those large stumps are seriously tempting, though. I'd love one and have been pining. But moist paper towels. Come on. |
- Posted by cactusmcharris 4 / Interior BC (My Page) on Thu, Feb 16, 12 at 18:37
- Posted by greenman28 NorCal 7b/8a (My Page) on Thu, Feb 16, 12 at 19:09
Jeff, that sounds like a noble pilgrimage, indeed.... Inna, a good price for sure. Stumps aren't easy to come by.
Josh |
Karen: I will make sure to give him proper feedback. I think that not everybody go on Gardenweb to read about succulents and proper care. Imagine some not informed customer who got a plant which at some point start to decline and the person blames himself. Thats not right. We all do mistakes but we learn from them. That man refused to admit that he was wrong. That is upsetting. Jeff: this Jade is Magnificent. i was in San Diego many years ago,but unfortunately I wasn't into Jades,so I didn't pay proper respect. I wish I'd go now |
- Posted by CorpsmanCooper FL8b (My Page) on Thu, Feb 16, 12 at 22:30
Pirate-girl - your cinnamon tip is the best tip you have ever give to me! I thank you for that! Inna - I believe I've been scouting the same ebay seller as you. I've been reluctant to order from this person but if stumps are hard to come by I might be willing to try! However, being as he's so misinformed I may not . . . ~Erin~ |
Erin, I don't want to discourage you. I just thought that $8 for 4" thick and 10" high is a bargain. Sorry, it comes to$13 a piece if you count shipping. its hard to imaging, i realized how huge it is when I could barely lift the box. It was always my dream to try to root and grow Jade stump. I'm very excited. Inna |
- Posted by CorpsmanCooper FL8b (My Page) on Fri, Feb 17, 12 at 8:04
Inna - You didn't discourage me. He says right in the description "roots well in water". I thought it was odd! ~Erin~ |
- Posted by greenman28 NorCal 7b/8a (My Page) on Fri, Feb 17, 12 at 20:32
Jades *will* root in water, of course....but it's a silly thing to do to a succulent (in my opinion). That trunk is full of water, and the last thing it needs is more water. The drought-stress will induce the plant to form roots and send them out in search of moisture. When that happens, then you provide the moisture for those prospecting roots.
Josh |
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Accuscreen 800003 106" Diagonal 16:9 Electric Projection Screen - White Case
Item#: D177-1168 | Model#: 800003- Price:
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text:
hi everyone,
they are having a sale and was wondering if anyone bought outdoor wicker furniture from them?? if so, do you like it, how has it held up and do you leave it outside all winter. (i am in the northeast). also, how have the cushions held up. any other info would be most appreciated. TIA!!! |
Follow-Up Postings:
I haven't purchased the wicker from them but did get an aluminum set. It's high quality, very sturdy. I got mine on sale last summer - round table, 6 seats with the umbrella. I think I paid around $1000 on sale. But no cushions - I didn't want them because we have neighborhood roaming cats and I was concerned they may use the furniture as their personal cushions lol. It bring it in to the garage for the winter, I just think it's a good idea but I'm sure it would be fine with a cover over it if I didn't. I'm in the northeast also. Anyway, I've also bought a lot of indoor furniture from them also and it's all great. Plus, Macy's has very good customer service and will stand by their product completely. It killed me that my ex wouldn't let me take any of it with me when I moved out :( |
- Posted by loves2read (My Page) on Thu, Aug 16, 12 at 10:20
We hav bought mattresses from Macy's in the past and found their customer service to be very good...have also bought furniture from there and been happy with results... with outdoor furniture two factors are important to me-- the arms of the chairs need to be wide enough to be comfortable for your arms for longer periods... some less expensive mfg have narrow arms with rolled edges that become annoying after a while... and weight -- you want the furniture to be light enough to move inside for storage if needed but not so light that it will blow over if you have stormy weather and arean't home... and I guess 3rd point is just comfort-- some chairs just don't "fit" us right...so always sit in what you are considering and see how easy the chairs are to slide up to the table and if they fit underneath all the way |
thans for the replies... i wound up changing my mind and ordered an aluminum set "soho" which is a "closeout." the aluminum was lighter, will be easier to clean, smaller overall and i can hopefully fit it in my side shed for the winter (frames only). cushions will go in deck box and hopefully stay dry!!??. the price was too good to pass up and i really was tired of looking. i know, thats not a good excuse. i did get some really good leads from catmom and others, but in the end i didn't have time to do the drive and they would have been more expensive ,i think. also another reason, i wanted furniture now and those other places i would have had to wait till sept., when they really mark it down. my impatience won out!! i hope i don't regret it!!?? so, thanks again, & i will post back with my review in the fall, after we have had it awhile. |
- Posted by Freethinker99 (My Page) on Tue, Aug 21, 12 at 14:40
Regarding outdoor furniture if you don't have space to bring it indoors for the winter keep it well covered perhaps keeping under a raised deck for the winter if this is an option |
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Tag Archives: outdoor clothing reviews
Review: Outdoor Research Superlayer Jacket
Insulated Jacket
Outdoor Research Superlayer Jacket
$225, 15 oz. (men's medium)
Sizes: men's S-XXL
What would you think if I told you that I went for a backcountry ski tour that involved climbing uphill for an hour, sweating enough to get both my base layer top and my hat wet, then skied for a while along rolling terrain, and finally turned around and descended fast to my car—all without making any layering change? That was just my first outing wearing OR's new Superlayer Jacket. Over the course of several winter days field-testing it, in temperatures ranging from the low single digits to the 30s Fahrenheit, I found it so remarkably breathable that it often never left my body. Continue reading →
Gear Review: Black Diamond Dawn Patrol Hybrid Shell
Winter Shell
Black Diamond Dawn Patrol Hybrid Shell
$349, 1 lb. 2 oz. (men's medium)
Sizes: men's S-XL
We expect more of jackets made for our winter outdoor pursuits because we spend more time in them than in a rain shell in summer (which may not even come out of your pack). Most of all, it has to fend off a wide range of nasty weather while breathing well enough that you don't wind up creating a nasty storm of sweat on the inside. Black Diamond's new Dawn Patrol Hybrid Shell did just that for me over numerous days of skiing the backcountry of Idaho's Boise Mountains, in temperatures ranging from single digits with a below-zero wind chill through the high 30s, in falling snow, light rain mixed with wet snow, wind, and just plain calm, sub-freezing air. Continue reading →
Gear Review: The North Face Radium Hi-Loft Jacket
Fleece Jacket
The North Face Radium Hi-Loft Jacket
$170, 15 oz. (men's medium)
Sizes: men's S-XXL, women's XS-XL
Given all the modern choices in outdoor apparel for the backcountry, is the classic fleece jacket obsolete? Not hardly. An insulating layer that's highly breathable remains indispensable when you're active in cold temperatures; I always have some kind of fleece layer when out backcountry skiing, cross-country ski touring, hiking, or snowshoeing in winter or any time of year in temps in the 30s or colder. The good news is that advancements in fabrics have transformed your father's fleece into a more versatile outer or middle layer—like The North Face Radium Hi-Loft Jacket. Wearing it quite a lot while cross-country skiing on a four-day, December yurt trip in Idaho's Boise Mountains, and as a middle layer while resort skiing as well as around town, I found it impressively warm, comfortable, and functional. Continue reading →
Gear Review: Black Diamond Coefficient Jacket
Fleece Jacket
Black Diamond Coefficient Jacket
$139, 11 oz. (men's medium)
Sizes: men's S-XL
Keeping your body from overheating or getting cold while active is a challenge in shoulder seasons, or anytime you encounter fast-changing weather and temperatures from the 20s to the 50s Fahrenheit. The key is clothing that provides just enough warmth without making you perspire too much, and that moves moisture out quickly when sweating becomes unavoidable. On numerous spring and fall days of hiking and rock climbing in Idaho's City of Rocks National Reserve and Castle Rocks State Park, and dayhiking in July in Mount Rainier National Park, the Coefficient Jacket hit that ideal balance that kept me from cycling between hot and chilled. Continue reading →
Gear Review: Black Diamond Dome Beanie
Lightweight Hat
Black Diamond Dome Beanie
$19, 1 oz.
One size
Nordic skiing, backcountry skiing, snowshoeing, ice climbing—those high-energy winter activities require a little head coverage to stave off a chill, but too much hat will make you overheat. Enter the Dome Beanie, perfect for aerobic activities when you only need light insulation on your head. I've worn it for several days of skate-skiing and backcountry skiing and found it ideal in temperatures from the mid-20s to 30s when I'm exerting at moderate to high levels. This stretchy skullcap feels soft, covers your ears, fits under a helmet or even a warmer hat (as a wicking layer in deeper cold), and dries lickety-split. Continue reading →


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I talked my husband into new cookware! Partially because I cook three meals a day everyday at home. Partially because he bought me the worst $70 t-fal pan set ever. Mostly because he hates helping me since I cook with all cast iron.
So I have been pre-approved for $200 and I am going to buy...gasp...a set. I cook alot and I know that I will use everything in a 10 set. I know that I want hard anodized non-stick. I know that I want tempered glass lids. I also know that I break alot of glass so I like anolons lifetime warranty against breakage of the lids. I have it narrowed down to Emerilware, Simply Calphalon, Rachael Ray (only because they are cheaper and I am scared of getting burned by buying more expensive crap, not because of rachael ray -that would be my reason to not buy them). But I am really leaning toward Anolon advanced 10 set from amazon. I like that anolon has a 8qt stock instead of a 6qt since I do alot of canning--a little bigger yet smaller then my massive stockpot. So, what are your thoughts? Also, I have found anolon advanced and anolon profession. What is the difference if there is any? Thanks in advance, because this decision is as difficult as picking names for my children. (kidding). |
Here is a link that might be useful: amazon anolon profession set
Follow-Up Postings:
If you don't get any responses, go over to the cooking forum and those gals will sure give you their opinions. There a lot of great cooks over there. |
- Posted by javaandjazz (My Page) on Fri, Feb 12, 10 at 18:13
I would go to costco see what they have. My mom bougth a hard anodized set from one of them and is very happy with it. |
Here is a link that might be useful: costco set
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Blog | Comments |
WoW | 7 Comments |
Recent Comments:
Around Azeroth: You're my temptation {WoW}
Apr 10th 2011 10:37AM Forever shall the wolf in me... desire the sheep in you.
Weekly Podcast Roundup: March 21-27, 2011 {WoW}
Mar 29th 2011 3:30AM Gotta say that this article has opened me up to a lot of new podcasts since I got into a job that allows me to listen to them the whole time.
Not to mention audible.com (Which I got the free trial from All Things Azeroth!)
Just wanted to give a big thanks to Anne. For finding me some awesome podcasts to listen to.
The Queue: There's a surprise at the end {WoW}
Mar 21st 2011 11:23AM Hello, question for the queue.
Org was under a failed For The Alliance attack yesterday, so they took to trying to kill the auctioneers. No big deal except for one player who kept spamming in /yell saying "You lose" or whatever it is they say to bypass the filter.
I won't lie, there was a bit of revenge in there when I opened up the ticket and reported it. Looking back on it now, he did break the rules. Bypassing the language filter and spamming on top of it. I had my rights to report him. But is it something I should have just looked the other way on? Should I have been a bit more mature about it and understood that the GMs have much more important issues at hand?
Thank you for answering ahead of time :)
WoW Moviewatch: Here Without You {WoW}
Feb 14th 2011 2:08PM Was my first too, as with Anne.
It was how I viewed the Forsaken. Tormented with pain of all that they have lost. It always bothered me when people called them evil. Losing everything, but having the will to go on and fight for your place in the world.
Also, my main is a Forsaken Warrior who looks REALLY similar to the one in the video.
If the appearance tab is ever implemented, I will do my best to copy that look!
Patch 4.0.6 official patch notes released {WoW}
Feb 8th 2011 8:50AM This patch is HUGE took me like 10 minutes and I skimmed most of it!
The Queue: Another Tuesday in Azeroth {WoW}
Nov 2nd 2010 11:19AM Do the people that write Know Your Lore ever argue over who get's to do a article on a certain character or topic? How is it decided who writes what?
Around Azeroth: Drift away {WoW}
Oct 11th 2010 11:29AM PETER PAN!


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There is something cooking in Lomography's kitchen. Follow these blog postings for the next few weeks and guess what it could be..
We wonder what this top-secret Mystery Product could be…
We wonder what this top-secret Mystery Product could be…
You are currently not logged in, do so now to add comments, like articles as well as photos, submit to competitions, translate articles and gain access to unlimited photo upload! If you are not registered yet, go here to find out more about Lomography and join now! If you just want a limited account for now you can use Twitter or Facebook. We would love to have you as a member here!
Liking articles helps us to present the best ones to you and others. 7 people like this article. 7 people like this article: tallgrrlrocks, lonelyfrog, adi_totp, lawypop, johann_affendy, aizi, and herbert-4.
still stickin' to my old 360º Panoramic guess! ;)
Something to do with America spinning around !
Wait, screw that ! It has GOT to be the first ever Lomo Satellite. Spinning around the globe taking lomo pics and the launch point is Texas ! That or the 360 pano mentioned above :D
a 120 film horizon camera!
hooooo, I'm hoping Superlighter is right : )
ohh... come on! My piggies are waiting to be spent!
you guys are mean, just tell us what it is, I'm dying to know!!!
We wanna know!!! We wanna know!!!
I'm beggining to think that MAYBE this is gonna be something that, in some way, SPINS (but I'm NOT fundamentally sure).
Camera 360 and film 120
i guessed it in lomography asia's magazine section...I was thinking its something that can take 360degrees of view...that would mean it can at least take 160+degrees(super wide lens) and turn around and get another shot to complete the circle...
another idea would be to have a camera like the action sampler...takes 4 consecutive pictures but with a twist(pun intended), maybe taking pictures with different rotating degrees...
with this new video...it seems like the key word here is square dance...i don't know about you guys but i sensed square format got alot to do with this and with the recent launch of lomography 120 films...its more eminent that its gonna be using 120 films... so what is it Lomography??? do reveal to us!!! we're dying to know...and if i've guessed correct can i get piggies to buy at least this camera??(or can i get something in my wishlist??? pretty please???),,hahahah (^_^)...
I'm thinking about a 720° panoramic camera, or 1080°... :p
A spinning camera 360 degree!!!!! http://www.jpgmag.co(…)tories/3205
I'm still thinkin it's a new and improved version of the orbit...
it´s a time mashine
well I hope the product is better than the song! Maybe it's a camera that encourages swinging?
I'm pretty sure it's something 'new' / unique/ no-one's seen before. I guess a 35mm 360 degree spherical lens camera.
or gps enabled film camera, or a magnetised / compass camera.
I'd prefer an L-ca with plastic lens, but will you please make it cheaper ??? and even smaller still??? hahahahaaa.
mabe some kind of spinning adapter for full panorama shots with diana or holga? and that guy "singing" is awesome i laughed my ass of!
something square that rotates 360º?
For those of you who might now know, in square dancing the "caller" calls out the steps for the dancers. The dancers don't know ahead of time the order in which they will be doing the steps. It's the caller's responsibility to make sure they end up with their original partner by the time the song ends. Some callers sing the song - or parts of it - and ad-lib other parts while they're calling. A good caller will make the steps relate to the song somehow.
The Spinshot 35 by Corrales is a slitscan camera that takes a 360 degree picture on 35mm film. I've never seen one that uses 120, but I've seen some slitscan mods done to Holgas. I'm not sure what the square would have to do with it because the panoramics taken by slitscan cams are usually rectangular.
Square candies that look 'round? ;)
oh,.... we all get a square dance course?!?!?
my guess is something like this.
my eyes are burning and my ears are bleeding:)
a new view finder for the lubitel 166+?
i'd tell you but then i'd have to kill you.
a camera with an analogue audio tape that plays country music while shooting... but other analogue music tapes will be available soon! :))
I´m sure !!!
This is the new LOMO LC-A+, from lomo customisation contest. This is the winner:
mine ... of course !!
How about a panoramic half-frame camera!
a 360º 120 camera would be awesome but you'd only get like 1-2 shots per roll....right?
lomography horizon 360 + lomography 220 film!?
or...a 360º 120 Supersampler of sorts...
a 360 waterproof panoramic camera.. That shoots 120. Sounds kind of strange


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Monday, March 25, 2013
The Dancing Years, a book of poetry, by Barbara Groce
A new book of poetry, The Dancing Years, by Barbara Groce has been released by Cardinal House Publishing.
Copies may be ordered from the author, $14.95 including shipment, PO Box 746, Morganton, GA 30560.
The Dancing Years is a comprehensive collection of Barbara's poetry. She has previously published two chapbooks, Appalachian Girl and A Legendary Christmas.
1 comment:
- Robert S. King said...
Barbara, I'm so glad to learn of your new book and look forward to reading it.
- Monday, March 25, 2013 at 8:34:00 AM EDT
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Budweiser Clydesdales joined the Atlanta Parade line up in 2014
On Saturday, March 14, the eight-horse hitch, companion Dalmatian and famous
red, white and gold beer wagon traveled down Peachtree Street in Midtown to the
delight of cheering crowds out for the parade.
For 80 years, the well-loved Clydesdales have embodied the Budweiser brand
and have become an enduring all-American symbol of the brand's heritage and tradition.
The Atlanta St. Patrick's Parade celebrates its 133rd running since 1858,
making it Atlanta's longest-running event. Below are some more impressive
figures from last year's parade, held Saturday, March 15, 2014.
Please check out our FAQ section here. If you still have questions, please fill out and send the form below.
We will do our best to respond to your inquiries as quickly as we can.


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Thank you, Crazy Cat. Some helpful ideas here.
There were 2 photos in a folder. Have put both directly into Dropbox now:
and https://www.dropbox.com/s/kteza8699dojz8w/photo2.jpg
This is a long narrow slope in front of an alder hedge and next to some steps: poor, sandy soil (but we could improve it with garden compost), mostly in shade. I'd welcome advice on ground cover that would spread quickly - will have to net it at first because hens & ducks are loose in the garden.
There are photographs here: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/c4vf2zaultnz55n/C0I2JABi8V
We have gained access to part of a field behind our garden, which is currently populated with, mostly, Himalayan Balsam, plus brambles and nettles. As a first step, we've had a patch approximately 2 x 4 metres cut down.
We're aiming to use this area for raised beds to grow vegetables. So what to do next? Cover the area in black plastic, or weed suppressing membrane, or what...?
All suggestions gratefully received.
Many thanks - reassuring.
Seems like it is gall mite, which can affect alders - but I can't find any hints on the net as to how to treat this - or whether or not treatment is necessary. Please can anyone suggest anything?
Looks like it - thank you. See: http://www.aphotofauna.com/mite_gall_eriophyes_laevis_alder_leaf.html
Thanks for replying. New to this forum and can't see how to post a picture....?
We have a hedge of about 30 alders which were cut with an electric hedge-cutter about a month ago. Noticed, a week or so ago, that many of the leaves are curling and have, mostly either side of the spine, rows of 'pimples', each 3-5 mm in diameter. They seem to start being pale green with small brown spots, then the middle of each spot cracks into a hole.
Will be grateful for diagnosis & treatment.


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[1386] Development and Validation of a Flow Cytometry Protocol for Measuring Tumor Cell Size of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
Aaron Cotrell, Farzaneh Sayedian, Michelle Huang, Marc Smith, James Huang. Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI
Background: Assessment of the size of neoplastic lymphocytes plays important role in lymphoma classification, grading and prognosis. For B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL), low grade lymphomas are predominantly composed of small B-cells while aggressive B-cell lymphomas often have increased large cells. Lymphoma cell size is typically estimated based on microscopic comparison between neoplastic B-cells (NBCs) and normal macrophage or normal lymphocyte on hematoxylin and eosin stain. This method is subjective and poorly reproducible, affecting accuracy and consistency of lymphoma classification and grading. We developed a novel flow cytometry protocol to measure the size of neoplastic lymphocytes in B-NHL.
Design: Cell size was determined by measuring mean channels of forward scatter (FSC). We standardized cell size measurements between lymphoma cases by subtracting the mean FSC of the internal reactive T-cells (IRTCs) from the mean FSC of intact NBCs. We retrospectively analyzed the flow cytometric data of 26 cases of DLBCL, 26 cases of grade 3 follicular lymphoma (FL3), 59 cases of grade 1-2 follicular lymphoma (FL1/2), 22 cases of small non-germinal center B-cell lymphoma (SNGCBL) including small lymphocytic lymphoma (10), marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (8) and mantle cell lymphoma (4). The mean channels of FSC of intact NBCs and IRTCs were collected and compared with a Student's t-test.
Results: The mean FSC of IRTCs within the lymphoma tissue were about the same among different groups of lymphomas (425, 420, 413, and 412 for DLBCL, FL3, FL1/2, SNGCBL, respectively, p>0.05). The mean FSC of NBCs of DLBCL, FL3, FL1/2, and SNGCB were 589, 491, 407 and 412, respectively. The mean differences of FSC between NBCs and IRTCs were 164 for DLBCL, 72 for FL3, 6 for FL1/2, -3 for SNGCBL. No statistical significance (p>0.05) was detected in FSC between IRTCs and NBCs of FL1/2 or SNGCBL. Statistical significance (p<0.01) was observed in FSC of NBCs between DLBCL and FL3, and between FL1/2 and FL3.
Conclusions: First, flow cytometry can identify increased average size of NBCs of B-NHL with increased large cells (DLBCL and FL-3). Second, using our protocol, flow cytometry appears to show distinct differences in lymphoma size among different subtypes of B-cell lymphoma, even within the same grade. Finally, flow cytometric measurement of IRTCs size is highly reproducible and not affected by lymphoma subtype; suggesting that measurement of NRBCs size by flow cytometry may be more reproducible than microscopy with IRTCs as a reference standard.
Category: Hematopathology
Tuesday, March 20, 2012 1:00 PM
Poster Session IV # 209, Tuesday Afternoon


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Festival celebrating the best in Scottish traditional music, from musicians living on Jura and neighbouring Islay, to worldwide touring acts.
Jura's annual September jamboree of Scottish Traditional music has been a must go, must see, must hear event for over 20 years now. Some of the attractions on offer include story telling, songs and reading sessions among others.
Friday, 26 September 2014
Sunday, 28 September 2014
Isle of Jura, Argyll and Bute, PA60 7XZ


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A Rainbow of Batik Fabrics, Panels & Projects!
Fabric Essentials EXCLUSIVE larger sizes of Color Love!
See the details and sign up now!
Patchwork Party Oct. 1st, 2014 - Jan 31, 2015!
We hope you will join us!
Click to order the Fabric Essentials Block!
See Our Flexible BOM Programs!
Frond on Canvas!
Hampton Ridge Flexible BOM - Limited Quantities!
The simple layout shows off the variety of the prints, and the light print used to frame the 5-inch blocks is also used for the sashing, giving the blocks a delicate floating effect. The print patterns and colors create sampler-style blocks that are varied, yet cohesive.
Each month you will receive patterns and fabric
for four or five 7 1/2" finished blocks.
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Original Art in Fabric - Frond Design Studios!
Amish With A Twist - BOM Program
Available Now!
Regular and Accelerated programs as well as complete kits will be available.
A Fabric Essentials EXCLUSIVE King-size version is show below!
See details here.
A NEW Twist! More background color choices!
(All pieced & appliquéd fabrics are the same colors as the original black version, only the background colors have changed to cream and four NEW CENTENNIAL SOLID colors)
We're trying something a bit different on our website, and we'd like you to have a look!
Here are number of fun ideas to spark your creativity! Click on the image to start.
The Original Crystal Far Infrared Bio-Mat!
I was introduced to the Far Infrared Bio-Mat by Dr. Mark Sircus. I've had mine several months now and am very impressed by the results. The first thing I noticed was an increase in sleep quality and reduction in stress, which helps restore everything else! If you suffer from pain, the Bio-Mat can help you! If you have any questions about the the bio mat, please contact me at firstname.lastname@example.com. You can order at: www.Bio-Mats.com/Essentials. Thank you! Marsha Doyenne |
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Start a Birthday Tradition!
Whip up this 12 1/2" x 42" Fabric Essentials Exclusive table Runner, inspired by Eric Carle's Happy Birthday fabric, in an evening! Details Here.
Start a new family tradition by featuring this runner on your table for every birthday occasion...and celebrate in style!
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My Dear Maizie.
Oh little love, the throes of being a third baby. I am grievously late writing this letter to you! But we shall persevere.
This month has marked you growing a great deal. I have no idea how much you weigh, but more than you did last month. I've officially switched your wardrobe out from your newborn and 0-3 month stuff to the 3-6 month stuff. I was a little sad to do it, but you're such a delight I wouldn't trade you for a whole truck load of 0-3 month sized babies. You care very little about what you wear, other than it be dry and clean. And while we discuss dry and clean… I think I've had to give up on cloth diapers- again. You had such a bad yeast rash, that it looks like you have skin like your brother and Mama, super sensitive. Comes with the territory of being super fair, and by the looks of things, blonde.
Also this month we took a big trip, all of the way to Canada! And in true Berkan style, we drove, in the dead of winter, braving record snowfalls and storms. It was interesting. Luckily we had a truck that was ready for the weather, so we didn't have to bat nary an eyelash at the awful weather. And even more lucky for us, you're just as good as a traveler as your brother and sister. Who were besides themselves with joy that they were able to sit beside you in the truck, the whole way. Daddy managed to shoehorn in your 3 giant carseats into the back seat of the 4Runner, and with you rear facing, Beatrix and Hudson were able to look at you the whole way. I'd often look back to see one or both of them holding your hand(s). They love you so much! Once in Canada you met many cousins, aunts, uncles, 2nd and third cousins, cousins once and twice removed. You met a lot of family and you were awesome about it. I did notice that after a long day of meeting lots of new people you needed to cuddle more, which I needed too. I'm glad you could do that for me.
We learned some things while in Canada. You aren't fond of the cold, but you're hearty and didn't complain much about it. It sure was cold though, and keeping a baby warm in that kind of cold is a challenge. Having a winter baby in California is so very different from having a winter baby in Canada, for the obvious reasons. Oh and while in Canada you giggled for the first time. I wasn't in the room but I came running when I heard it. Your giggle is most awesome, it's a cross between a cough and a guffaw. I like it, let's keep it, m'kay?
Other big things this month, you found your hands! And you figured out that you can move them with your mind! YOUR MIND! You're not yet able to grasp things, but you do a most excellent job of batting things around with your fisted fingers. I find it most amusing when you bat at your brother and he tells me that you punched him. I remind him that you're a baby and you're not quite sure what you're doing yet, and he understands, but let's secretly think that you're just getting revenge early, for what's surly to come. Right? (Okay Hudson, we're kidding, Maizie isn't punching you on purpose, she's a baby, she doesn't know what she's doing….)
Well my tiny love, you've been with us for 3 months, and I can't hardly imagine life without you. Also to be fair I can't much recall the first 2 months of your life, they were a blur of Christmas and diapers, but I am so happy with how our lives are. You've make our perfect life more perfect. You're such a doll, so amazing, and so perfect for our family. We all love you to bits, especially me.
I love you, my sweet little rainbow baby.


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31. Magnum Staffing Services Inc., Houston, TX
Staffing services
Caroline Brown, Darrel O. Brown
Began: 1996 w/108 employees; 365 employees
Initial investment: $70K from friends/family
1997 sales: $4.16M
32. Hired-Hand Green Inc., Bremen, AL
Commercial greenhouse manufacturer
Steven Crider, Grant Crider, Shawn Crider
Began: 1996 w/17 employees; 38 employees
Initial investment: $250K from bank loan
1997 sales: $4.06M
33. International Security & Trading, Miami, FL
Security equipment
Augusto Perez, Jesus Gonzalez
Began: 1995 w/3 employees; 10 employees
Initial investment: $25K from savings
1997 sales: $6.04M
34. National Service Solutions, Moorestown, NJ
National facility management services
James H.B. Hoff
Began: 1996 w/10 employees; 15 employees
Initial investment: $300K+ from priv. investors, savings
1997 sales: $4.03M
35. Grits Inc., Birmingham, AL
Southern-themed embroidered goods
James C. Ford Jr., Deborah R. Ford
Began: 1996 w/5 employees; 18 employees
Initial investment: $100K from priv. investors, credit card,
1997 sales: $4.02M
36. Sente Financial Corp., Sacramento, CA
Mortage lending services
Marc Ely, Susan Ely
Began: 1995 w/3 employees; 60 employees
Initial investment: $400K from savings
1997 sales: $5.96M
37. TERRA Constructors Ltd., Denton, TX
Geo-technical contracting
George Koelling, Dennis Collins, Chris McGhee, Virgil Jarnagin,
Rick Graves
Began: 1996 w/20 employees; 25 employees
Initial investment: $600K from savings
1997 sales: $3.95M
38. DMR & Associates Inc., Sacramento, CA
Staffing services
David H. Waldschmitt
Began: 1995 w/3 employees; 7 employees
Initial investment: $150K from savings
1997 sales: $5.81M
39. Curbs Plus Inc., Rossville, GA
Roof curbs & accessories
Marc Brower, Ken Herrick, Steve Jensen, Jon Steed
Began: 1996 w/15 employees; 50 employees
Initial investment: $425K from priv. Investors
1997 sales: $3.83M
40. CNG Communications Inc., Tucson, AZ
Telecommunications products & services
Paul Bishop
Began: 1995 w/25 employees; 78 employees
Initial investment: $150K from savings
1997 sales: $5.74M
Like this article? Get this issue right now on iPad, Nook or Kindle Fire.
This article was originally published in the June 1998 print edition of Entrepreneur with the headline: Fast Lane.


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Price: $3999
.Coach Ryan covers his favorite set-ups and finishes for two takedowns every wrestler should know - the High Crotch and Single Leg.
Price: $3999
.To help your wrestlers with takedown technique, Coach Ryan presents over 15 drills to reinforce good positioning. Coach Ryan is a firm believer in the basics, and the positioning drills presented here will reinforce these basics and make your wrestlers better on their feet.