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Document Type Master's Dissertation Author Naude, Alida Maryna firstname.lastname@example.com URN etd-09102007-102734 Document Title Clinical and audiological features of Ménière's disease : insight into the diagnostic process Degree Communication Pathology Department Communication Pathology Supervisor
Advisor Name Title Dr M Soer Ms C Avenant Keywords
- endolymphatic hydrops
- idiopathic
- recurrent vestibulopathy
- pathogenesis
- diagnostic process
- etiology
- clinician
- differential diagnosis
- Ménière's disease
Date 2006-07-25 Availability unrestricted Abstract Ménière's disease is the third most common inner ear disorder. The individual course of Ménière's disease in different patients makes it difficult to diagnose on the basis of symptomatology alone. The impact of Ménière's disease on quality of life has highlighted the importance of an additional tool to support the diagnosis of Ménière's disease. Apart from the patient's history, audiological data provide the most relevant information for confirming the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to analyse and describe the clinical and audiological features of a cohort of subjects diagnosed with Ménière's disease, in order to develop understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease and to facilitate the diagnostic process. The research is based on a retrospective study of the medical records of 135 subjects with Ménière's disease which were selected according to a non-probability sample. Descriptive statistics were used to organize, analyse and interpret the data. Sixty one percent of subjects presented with definite Ménière's disease, 14 % with probable Ménière's disease and 25 % with possible Ménière's disease. The results showed a higher incidence of Ménière's disease in females especially in the vestibular type. Three percent of subjects indicated a family history of Ménière's disease. Bilateral Ménière's disease presented in 39 % of subjects. The results confirmed that vertigo was the most debilitating symptom in Ménière's disease. Correlating the clinical features of subjects with audiometric and vestibular tests highlighted the clinical value of an audiological test battery including the following tests: Pure tone audiometry, Speech discrimination, Oto-acoustic emissions, Electronystagmography and Electrocochleography. This confirms the role of the audiologist in the diagnostic and rehabilitation process in patients with Ménière's disease.© University of Pretoria 2006
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28.8 Modem 56K Modem ISDN (64 Kb) ISDN (128 Kb) Higher-speed Access dissertation.pdf 1.28 Mb 00:05:56 00:03:03 00:02:40 00:01:20 00:00:06


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Remodeling a bathroom shared by my two boys. Contractor quoted with granite counter top. I'm thinking not such a good idea. Thoughts, experiences, other options that you've used? Thanks! |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by austinaggie (My Page) on Thu, Aug 16, 12 at 11:20
I depends on which granite you choose. We went with Silestone in our boys' bathroom and love it. It's bulletproof, which was a requirement because they're not gentle on it nor do they do a great job of wiping off bright blue toothpaste or anything else that is spilled. Our color is light (Blanco River) but we haven't seen any stains. |
I would think most granites would be quite durable. We used a remnant granite in our guest bath and this is the bath that I dye my hair in so I don't have to worry about stains. We used marble, I know, it stains, but it was sooo much cheaper than anything else (corian, granite, cambria) and I liked the look so much better, I decided if I need to replace it in 10 years then so be it. The marble in our bathroom has held up wonderfully, the marble in my son's bathroom-well I will be honest there is a stain caused by hand soap, but it has faded over time. I don't think anyone would notice unless they were looking for it. We've been in the home for 2 years and so far no regrets with the marble. Silestone is of course very pretty and durable but the most expensive. Cultured marble scratches and stains. |
- Posted by qt314b (firstname.lastname@example.com) on Fri, Aug 17, 12 at 3:00
I used white compac quartz and love it!! while it hasn't been in too long it has passed the sharpie test which for me is the extreme test, I can't imagine anything my boys could throw at it tougher than that Rachel |
- Posted by mydreamhome (My Page) on Sat, Aug 18, 12 at 0:19
We've got granite in the master and the boys' baths (they're 17 & 7 yrs old). So far, so good--even with the bright blue with glittery flecks toothpaste & bright blue/green shave gel! Both boys have granite that's on the dark side--Caribbean Jungle in one (greens, browns, blacks, blues and a touch of gold & red) and Mary Blue in the other (kind of looks like pictures of the Milky Way galaxy with blacks, grays, whites and blues in a swirly pattern). The darker granites resist staining better than the lighter ones, are less porous and tend to be stronger than the lighter ones (especially if the pattern is a uniform one on the tighter side). I would do a dark granite again in a heartbeat. Hope this helps! |
- Posted by angela12345 (My Page) on Sat, Aug 18, 12 at 0:25
We did granite in all of our baths. Through our builder, the level one granite was only about $30 per sf, maybe a little bit more. It was almost as expensive to get the cultured marble, some were even more than the granite. This is for a vacation rental home with 5.5 baths. Every one has a different granite and so far (knock on wood) we have had no problems. |
- Posted by cottonpenny (My Page) on Sat, Aug 18, 12 at 11:10
We are getting cultured marble for our son's bath. With 2 integral sinks, the whole top was less than $200 for a 5 ft vanity top with backsplash in white. I'm kind of hoping it will get scratched and stained up in a few years and I'll be able to justify replacing it with a dark granite or quartz top. |
We're using Caesarstone in my daughter's bath, we're told it's nail polish remover proof, and basically indestructable. I've seen a dark granite maybe cosmic something that could be fun in a boys' bath. |
- Posted by may_flowers (My Page) on Sun, Aug 19, 12 at 10:28
This is the second time this week that I've read posts saying Caesarstone is indestructible. No, it isn't. My eased edge chipped two weeks in for no apparent reason. Possibly it was tapped by a dish coming out of the DW. It was also dulled by the fabricator who cleaned off the epoxy with acetone and Barkeeper's Friend. BKF won't scratch most surfaces but it will scratch quartz. So only use non-abrasive cleansers recommended by the manufacturer. Dull spots cannot be polished back to a shine because quartz is a resin composite. These are not covered under warranty. Fortunately, the fabricator is replacing my counter and you can bet I'll be treating it with kid gloves. |
- Posted by AnnieDeighnaugh (My Page) on Mon, Aug 20, 12 at 8:20
Hmmm, so far I've not had that trouble with my caesarstone. I've only used nonabrasive cleaners on it thought. My edges are fine, but they're half bull nose. The only chip I have is a micro mini one in the glass....my top was made with small chips of recycled glass and the glass is not as strong as the stone. I can't see it, but can feel it when I'm cleaning. Of course I can't see anything on this stone...I can only feel stuff unless I get the light at the right angle and then can see what's on it. This pattern hides everything! |
We put granite in the boys baths. One is a leathered Uba Tuba, and it shows everything so I wouldn't use anything dark or uniformly colored. The other is fantastico, and has lots of movement in cream, brown, pumpkin and gold. It shows nothing! I have to run my hand over it to make sure it is clean. If I were to put granite in a kids bath I'd use something with some variation. |
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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
As you select categories, the number of matching recipes will update.
Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
I am a physician who is addicted to Home remedies.I believe in Holistic approach to many diseases.


text: Leading Digital Camera Manufacturer Asia Optical Selects Texas Instruments' DLP Pico™ for Its Embedded Camera Products Las Vegas, NV – Jan. 7, 2010, 9:00 a.m. GMT: At the International Consumer Electronics Show (CES), Texas Instruments (TI) (NYSE:TXN) DLP® Products and Asia Optical are demonstrating the first digital camera to feature award-winning DLP Pico™ projection technology. The camera and embedded pico projection module were developed by Asia Optical, a leading manufacturer for optical technology and a major worldwide supplier of digital cameras. The embedded Pico projector module for digital cameras will be available to the Asia Optical customer base, composed of the most esteemed camera brands, in the second half of 2010. The DLP Pico™ projection feature within cameras provides a completely new dimension of social interaction and sharing that has previously not been possible. Today, cameras are limited to viewing pictures on a screen confined by the dimensions of the camera itself. The pico projection feature, while completely transparent to the size of the camera, unleashes that constraint providing incredible viewing options. Consumers can instantly project their pictures to sizes up to 40 inches (in normal indoor light conditions) and in excess of 60 inches (in dark conditions). As a result of DLP Pico™ technology, the paradigm of digital camera use has the potential to change from delayed satisfaction to immediate enjoyment."Following an extensive comparison of all pico technology options we selected DLP Pico™ as the most compelling solution to provide our customers due to its superior image quality, small form factor and energy delivering efficiency," said Robert Lai, founder, chairman and CEO of Asia Optical. "We believe the market opportunity for embedded displays in consumer electronics products, such as digital still cameras and digital video cameras, is significant and we are excited to launch the first product with DLP very soon."Each consumer electronics category requires unique considerations when embedding Pico projection. DLP's newest chipset, yet to be announced, is targeted to meet the specific requirements associated with digital camera applications. Asia Optical has taken advantage of its extensive experience and knowledge in the digital camera space to design an optical engine that is optimised for this application."We are proud to work closely with Asia Optical, a leader in the digital camera field that can bring deep insight into the special requirements needed when adding projection to enhance the digital camera experience with no compromises," said Frank Moizio, DLP Emerging Markets business manager. "DLP is committed to pushing innovations in the pico category and continues to optimise the pico chip image quality, form factor and power efficiency to deliver the best consumer experiences." For updated information during CES about DLP Pico™ and other products from Texas Instruments, follow TI on Twitter at @TI_DLP. For more information on DLP Pico™ products, please visit www.dlp.com/pico. # # #About Texas Instruments DLP Products DLP display technology from Texas Instruments offers clarity down to the most minute detail, delivering pictures rich with color, contrast and brightness projectors for business, home, professional venue, digital cinema (DLP Cinema®) and large-screen HDTVs. Many of the world's top projection and display manufacturers design, manufacture and market products based on DLP technology. DLP is the only imaging technology with a legacy in digital cinema where it set the industry standard demonstrated by the deployment of DLP Cinema technology in over 14,000 screens worldwide. At the heart of every DLP chip is an array of up to 2.2 million microscopic mirrors which switch incredibly fast to create a high-resolution, highly reliable, full-color image. DLP technology's chip architecture and inherent speed advantage provides razor-sharp images and excellent reproduction of fast motion video. Since early 1996, more than 20 million DLP subsystems have been shipped. For more information, please visit www.dlp.com or follow DLP on Twitter at www.twitter.com/TI_DLP. About Texas Instruments: Texas Instruments (NYSE: TXN) helps customers solve problems and develop new electronics that make the world smarter, healthier, safer, greener and more fun. A global semiconductor company, TI innovates through design, sales and manufacturing operations in more than 30 countries. For more information, go to www.ti.com.DLP and DLP Cinema are registered trademarks of Texas Instruments. Media Contacts: Christian Thévot Chris Martin/Amy CrosbieTI DLP Products Waggener Edstrom email@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com +44 (0)20 7632 3800


text: 20 June 2010 archive Tweet See all show photos TAUPE, ivory and grey patchwork suits paraded down the catwalk at Bottega Veneta – at first, in a clear formation and then later so that it was only when you looked up close that you could see piping details bridging the pieces together. Looks wandered into sportier and more casual territory via white cagoules and utility coats, little shorts and gilets, loose macs and baggier styles of trouser towards the end. SEE THE BOTTEGA VENETA SHOW ARCHIVE Jessica Bumpus Continue reading Back to top


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2009's original Little Big Planet and its 2011 sequel both scored a string of strong critical plaudits for being highly customizable, whimsical platforming games. Despite that success, however, franchise developer Media Molecule won't be making a new Little Big Planet game any time soon.
According to Media Molecule's studio director Siobhan Reddy (via Edge), the UK-based developer is "stepping away from Little Big Planet to focus on some new ideas." Unfortunately, further specifics as to what Media Molecule will be working on were not offered.
Media Molecule is staffing up for its new project, proclaiming on the jobs portal of its website that "new things [are] forming" at the developer. The studio's new job postings indicate that the game will be for portable devices or the PlayStation 3.
The next Little Big Planet game scheduled to arrive is for the PlayStation Vita, and it is currently in development at Double 11 and Tarsier Studios. For more on the portable title, check out GameSpot's most recent preview of Little Big Planet for the Vita.
[UPDATE] Media Molecule recently offered an update via Twitter.
"Loyal sackfolk," reads the note. "Please be reassured that we will always be involved with LBP, at least a bit, and there's lots more fun yet to come!"


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Summary |
A celebration of the high quality of artwork exhibited at the Academy Gallery in the past ten years. |
Start Date |
10th Feb 2012 9:00am |
End Date |
9th Mar 2012 5:00pm |
Venue |
Academy Gallery, School of Visual and Performing Arts, Academy of the Arts, Inveresk Campus |
RSVP / Contact Information |
Enquiries - firstname.lastname@example.com or email@example.com |
Hits and Memories: Ten Years at the Academy Gallery celebrates the high quality of artwork exhibited at the Academy Gallery over the past ten years. The exhibition showcases the prestigious reputation that the gallery has achieved by exhibiting artworks from ten national and internationally recognised Australian artists who have all exhibited in the Academy Gallery exhibition program. Hits and Memories is reflective of the Academy Gallery exhibition program; displays a variable of mediums, styles and contemporary art practices. The exhibition includes a showcase of Academy Gallery archive media, exhibition catalogues and memorabilia associated with the gallery's history.
All welcome to come along and celebrate our ten year anniversary!!!
Exhibition artists: Rick Amor, Pat Brassington, Robert Bridgewater, Jane Burton, Jon Cattapan, Lyndal Jones, Vernon Ah Kee, Danielle Thompson, Shaun Wilson, Philip Wolfhagen
Exhibition curators: Malcom Bywaters & Catherine Wolfhagen
Exhibition opening: Thursday 9 February 2012, 5.30 - 7.00pm
Guest speaker: Professor Peter Rathjen, Vice-Chancellor, University of Tasmania
Authorised by the Director, Events & Protocol
6 June, 2013
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© University of Tasmania, Australia ABN 30 764 374 782 CRICOS Provider Code 00586B
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Archive for August, 2011:
We're CLOSED Sunday, August 28, 2011
Due to the impending hurricane, and for the safety of our visitors and staff, the Salem Witch Museum will be closed.
Please tune in to TV Channels 4, 5, 7, Fox 25 or NECN, or radio station 1030 AMfor up to date storm coverage.
John Proctor
From The Salem Witchcraft Trials: A Legal History, by Peter Charles Hoffer
Chapter 9, The Scoffers, pages 108-110:
John Proctor and George Burroughs were brought to trial on charges of witchcraft on August 2, 1692. Despite their spirited defense, they were condemned to die. The sentence was carried out on August 19, both men insisting to the end that the court was unfair to them.
The Puritans of eastern Massachusetts were no more authoritarian in their views or ways than any comparable group of English men and women. New England ministers and magistrates demanded the respect and obedience that any English pastor or justice of the peace could reasonably expect at home. But in the midst of the witchcraft crisis, challenges to authority took on more sinister shape. Critics of church and state cracked the wall of piety, allowing the sinuous Evil One to enter God's land. Indeed, cynicism and criticism were seen by some as evidence that a scoffer had already made a pact with the Devil. Tavern keeper John Proctor and minister George Burroughs were two of these scoffers, and they paid for their attitude with their lives.
The history of early Massachusetts was filled with remonstrances of religious and political dissenters. Some dissenters, like Roger Williams and Ann Hutchinson early in the century, were exiled for disputing the leading ministers' self-proclaimed monopoly on conscience. Others, like Samuel Gorton and Robert Child, were muzzled when they protested against the government. The Quakers were persecuted and driven from the colony. When a few of their number returned and persisted in their preaching, they were hanged. By 1692 the English Act of Toleration had forced Massachusetts authorities to allow Anglicans, Baptists, and Quakers to live and worship in the towns, but toleration was limited and grudging. Proctor was associated with a small group of Quakers in Essex County, and Burroughs, though ordained a minister in conventional Puritan fashion, had veered toward the Baptist faith.
Proctor came under suspicion early in April, perhaps even earlier. A friend of his overheard one of the girls saying that they "must have sport," and that is why they turned their sights on the Proctors. By the end of the crisis, nine immediate family members, including the Proctors' three oldest children and Elizabeth's Bassett kin, had all been arrested. Most readers will know the family from Arthur Miller's moving dramatic recreation of their case in The Crucible. Miller read historical accounts but intentionally changed details. He made Proctor younger and more attractive than he was at the time of the trials and invented an adulterous relationship between Proctor and Abigail Williams, whose age he changed from eleven to seventeen years. In real life Proctor may or may not have had relationships out of wedlock, but they were not what he was accused of doing. Instead, it was the usual chorus of girls seeing Proctor's specter and feeling his pinching and punching.
The girls knew that he and his wife were vulnerable, for Proctor's wife and her kin were closely tied to Quakers. More important, perhaps, was the fact that the Proctors were almost certainly openly contemptuous of the proceedings. At Ingersoll's tavern, jest became a forerunner of real accusation. William Rayment, perhaps in drink(for there was a kind of tavern culture at Ingersoll's, as in most of the colonial watering holes, where common people could joke, toast, fight, gamble and escape their betters' indignation), told Ingeroll's wife that he had heard Elizabeth Proctor would soon be examined. Not so, replied Goody Ingersoll, or she would have heard of it. Ingersoll was one of the semiofficial complaint makers, and he surely would have known and told his wife. But Rayment's companions were not so reticent – or so well informed. Some of the accusers were there as well and began to clamor, "there good proctor, there goody proctor," [sic] and Goodwife Ingersoll had to silence them. The mockers then made jest of what had been, but moments before, the very sort of performance that was sending people to jail.
The first accusations fell not on Elizabeth Proctor alone, as some historians have written, but on both John and Elizabeth. He did not come to her examination unbidden and come under fire for his loyalty, as the common story reports, but had already been denounced by Abigail and Ann Putnam Jr. a week before the official inquiry into the couple convened. He and his wife were arrested and brought to a hearing in Salem, not the Village, on April 11. There Corwin and Hathorne were joined by Deputy Governor Thomas Danforth and councilor Samuel Sewall. Sewall had just returned from England and no doubt was curious to see what was going on in Salem. He had long been a judge on the Court of Assistant and probably had more than an inkling that Phips would ask him to sit on the court to hear Proctor's case.
To read more about John Proctor's legal proceedings, please read Peter Charles Hoffer's The Salem Witchcraft Trials: A Legal History.
George Jacobs, Sr.
Today's installment of learning about the Salem witchcraft trials hanging victims of August 19, 1692 addresses the story of George Jacobs, Sr. through the eyes of comtemporary, local historian, David Goss:
From The Salem Witch Trials: A Reference Guide, K. David Goss
Pages 26-28
Now the afflicted children were not only accusing women, they began to single out and accuse adult males as well. By May 1692, the girls had targeted some of the more prominent males in the Salem Village community, among them George Jacobs, Sr. Jacobs was a prosperous farmer who had lived in the Salem Farms area between Salem Town and Salem Village for thirty-five years. He was arrested on May 10, 1692. Simultaneously, his son George, Jr., his daughter-in-law Rebecca, and granddaughter Margaret were also accused. Four days after his arrest, he was brought before magistrate John Hathorne for questioning.
Initially Jacobs took the afflicted girls and their accusations too lightly, until he was confronted by his maidservant, Elizabeth Churchill, who testified that he had tempted her to sign the Devil's Book. Mary Walcott, one of the afflicted children, also maintained that Jacobs had tempted her to sign the Devil's Book, and threatened her with physical harm if she refused. Despite Jacobs' alleged threats, both girls claimed to have resisted him.
In the face of these and other accusations, Jacobs maintained his innocence. In response to Justice Hathorne's insistent badgering, he simply responded that concerning witchcraft: "I know not of it, any more than the child that was born tonight." During his pretrial examination, Justice Corwin asked Jacobs to recite "The Lord's Prayer." It was generally believed that no witch could recite it perfectly. The old man, nervous and unlettered, omitted an entire sentence and made several other recitation errors. Knowing his mistake, and fearing the worst, he remarked bravely, "Well, burn me or hang me, I will stand in the truth of Christ."
What makes the case of George Jacobs, Sr., especially tragic is that his granddaughter Margaret Jacobs, herself a confessed witch, named her grandfather as a co-conspirator along with Constable John Willard and Reverend George Burroughs. When Jacobs Sr. was finally tried for witchcraft in August 1692, Margaret Jacobs was one of nearly a dozen primary witnesses against him. Only after Jacobs's death sentence was pronounced in court did Margaret have a change of heart and write to the magistrates to retract her testimony and her own confession as a witch. The result of this reversal was that Margaret was moved from the cell of the confessed witches and back to the cell of those awaiting trials and executions. She explained to her grandfather her feelings of regret for the part she had played in condemning him, and he forgave her.
Martha Carrier
Continuing our look at historians' view of the five accused witches who were hanged on August 19, 1692, we turn to In the Devil's Snare by Mary Beth Norton:
From Some Usual and Unusual Suspects, pages 182-183
Prominent among those accused in late May were two sisters, Mary Allen Toothaker of Billerica and Martha Allen Carrier of Andover. Martha Carrier, later termed by Cotton Mather the "Queen of Hell," eventually became a key figure in the crisis, but Mary Toothaker, probably targeted primarily because of suspicions of her already-jailed husband Roger, aroused less concern. (Indeed, she may not have been arrested until late July, since the existing records in her case date from that period.)
Daughters of a large and prosperous family that settled in Andover before 1662, neither Mary nor Martha married well. Roger Toothaker, though a doctor, had only a small amount of inherited property, and and Thomas Carrier, Martha's husband, was a young Welshman who fathered her first child before their marriage. Both couples live at first in Billerica. Although Mary and Roger remained there, the Carriers moved back to Andover, probably during the late summer or early fall of 1690. Unfortunately, they appear to have carried New England's then-raging smallpox epidemic to the town- or at least the selectmen thought they did – and town officials ordered the family quarantined lest through "wicked carelessness" they spread the disease further. But that step came too late. Ultimately, the town's vital records attributed ten deaths to the devastating illness; the deceased included four of Martha Carrier's own relatives. Statements by the afflicted and her neighbors showed that gossip laid three additional deaths to her charge as well, and that people in both Billerica and Andover had suspected her of malefic activity for some time.
As had by then become commonplace, the interrogation of Martha Carrier, in front of "spectators Magistrates & others," revolved around the statements and actions of the afflicted. Williams, Hubbard, Walcott and Warren complained of spectral torments; Putnam Jr. indicated that she had been struck with a pin; Sheldon saw "the black man"; and Lewis's "violent fit" was cured by a touch test. Goody Carrier denied seeing any "black man," though some of the afflicted said he was "wispering" [sic] in her ear. "You see you look upon them & they fall down," observed Hathorne. "It is false the Devil is a liar," Carrier retorted, and she boldly scolded the magistrate: "it is a shamefull [sic] thing that you should mind these folks that are out of their wits."
The afflicted, exhibiting "the most intolerable out-cries & agonies," alleged that she had "killed 13 at Andover," claiming they saw "13 Ghosts" in the room. Finally, Samuel Parris recorded, "the Tortures of the afflicted was so great that there was no enduring of it, so that she was ordered away & to be bound hand & foot with all expedition." As soon as that aim was effected, the afflicted had "strange & sodain ease." And Parris added on more point that underscored the ongoing shift in power from the justices to the suffering teenagers: "Mary Walcot told the Magistrates that this woman told her she had been a witch this 40 years." Evidently at the examination itself, Walcott had elicited a confession that Hathorne, Corwin, and Gedney had been powerless to obtain. The role of the afflicted in communicating with the invisible world had assumed such centrality in the legal proceedings that it was even encroaching on the magistrates' function within the public space of the courtroom.
John Willard (Hanged, August 19, 1692)
The end of this week marks a tragic anniversary in the Salem witch trial history. On August 19th, five people were put to death by hanging: George Burroughs, Martha Carrier, George Jacobs, John Proctor and John Willard. Historians have various perspectives on individuals involved in the events. In Salem Possessed, Boyer and Nissenbaum attempt to make sense of the intricate social connections between accused and accusers. Below I've transcribed the section describing the context in which John Willard found himself accused of witchcraft.
From Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft
Boyer & Nissenbaum, pages 195-198
It was sometime before 1690 that John Willard married Margaret Knight of Salem Village. Willard's origins, like those of most of the other witches we have investigated, are frustratingly obscure. Circumstantial evidence links him to Major Simon Willard, one of the most prominent Massachusetts land speculators, town founders, and politicians of the mid-seventeenth century: for a time during his youth John Willard lived in Lancaster, where Major Willard owned a trading post (indeed, it was to Lancaster that he fled when accused of witchcraft in 1692); in the 1680's, moreover, he resided with his wife in Groton, a town founded by Simon Willard; and he was frequently associated, in his land dealings in both communities, with men known to be Simon Willard's sons. But published family histories have suppressed all reference to the man, and the best efforts of local historians and genealogists have failed to establish his precise connection with Simon Willard. If he was a relative – perhaps even a son? – of this rich and prominent man, he was an obscure and somehow ill-favored one.
Willard was not only an outsider to Salem Village but a newcomer to the Wilkins family, of which his wife was a third-generation member. This large and self-contained clan, including the seven children of old Bray Wilkins, together with numerous grandchildren, constituted almost a village unto itself on "Will's Hill" in the extreme western part of Salem Village. The story of John Willard becomes comprehensible only when seen as a chapter in the story of the Wilkins family.
The Wilkinses, in their remote corner of Salem Village, had good reason to be chary of outsiders. Although they were devoting themselves exclusively to farming by the 1690's, there had been a time when Bray Wilkins and his sons, like John and Nathaniel Putnam, had entertained visions of profitable involvement in the commercial and mercantile life of Salem Town. But (in a fiasco similar to that of the abortive Putnam iron-works) those visions had proven illusory. In 1658 Bray Wilkins, then living in Lynn, had joined with a tailor named John Gingell to purchase, on credit, a 700-acre tract of land around Will's Hill. (the seller was Richard Bellingham, a Massachusetts politician and former governor who had received the land from the General Court in 1639 but never developed it.) Putting up houses and moving their families to this isolated region, Wilkins and Gingell soon began logging and timer-processing operations, converting the dense stands of oak and cedar into boards, shingles, marine supplies, and barrel staves. These they transported to Salem Town and sold to George Corwin, a leading merchant of the day. At first they prospered, with an annual production – as one of Bray Wilkins' sons boasted to a friend in town – as high as 20,000 barrel staves and 6,000 feet of boards. But in terms of profitability, the operation was from the first a marginal one. Indeed, in 1661, Bray Wilkins – otherwise a notably upright man – was forced to steal some hay to feed the oxen with which he transported his timer to Salem Town. When Bray was brought to court, his defense was that he had been "in great want of hay, and knew not what shift to make." His enterprise suffered a severe setback in the winter of 1664-65 when his house burned down.
Under such circumstances, Wilkins and Gingell found themselves unable to keep up with their mortgage payments, and in 1664 they returned to Bellingham two-thirds of the land they had been attempting to purchase. But even a reduced mortgage burden proved too heavy, and in June 1666, after Bellingham (once again governor of the colony) won a foreclosure action in county court, his lawyers began to seize the stock of shingles and other goods belonging to the hapless entrepreneurs. Bray Wilkins ultimately managed to pay off the mortgage and to hang on to his land, but his commercial dream had proven to be jus that and nothing more. By the 1680's Bray and his sons had lapsed into the prosaic role of subsistence farmers on marginal land. As a family, the Wilkinses ranked near the bottom in the average per-capita Salem Village taxes assessed in the 1680's and 1690's. While not precisely impoverished, the family which in mid-century had launched itself with such hope upon the commercial seas found itself a generation later in very modest circumstances indeed.
For the Wilkins family, as for the Putnams, only the land itself had proven trustworthy, and the survival of Salem Village as a stable agricultural community was particularly important to them. Not surprisingly, the Wilkinses were second only to the Putnams in the extent and intensity of their support of the Salem Village autonomy movement. Bray Wilkins signed the various petitions of the 1660's looking toward Village independence and (with Nathaniel Putnam) he led the 1679 effort to force the Reverend James Bayley from the Village. Between 1689 and 1691, eight men and women of the Wilkins family joined the Salem Village church, and in 1695 no fewer than eleven Wilkins signatures, including those of the eighty-five-year-old Bray and his wife, appeared on the pro-Parris petition. Only three Wilkinses are to be found on the anti-Parris petition: one of Bray's younger sons, Thomas, together with Thomas's wife and daughter. For reasons we cannot now recover (but possibly connected with his marriage to a niece of Rebecca Nurse), Thomas Wilkins had not joined in the family's accusations against John Willard, and shortly after the witchcraft outbreak he had emerged as one of the four "dissenting brethren" who led the anti-Parris movement from within the church. Later, when Bray Wilkins died (having chosen his "loving friend" Thomas Putnam, Jr., as co-overseer of his estate) he virtually disinherited his turncoat of a son.
The decision of Bray's granddaughter Margaret Knight to take an outsider for a husband had profound psychological ramifications for this tight-knit and economically marginal family. The seventh member of the third-generation Wilkinses to marry, she was the first to choose a spouse who was not from Salem Village. Her kinfolks' uneasiness about John Willard must have been intensified when it became clear that he was interested in land speculation as well as in farming. In March 1690, with three partners, he purchased from the widow of George Corwin a large tract of land – "by estimation four or five hundred acres," as the deed rather vaguely has it, lying just north of the Salem Village line. In the succeeding months, at least two substantial portions of this tract were sold off to new purchasers.
In 1692, The Wilkins family turned with particular ferocity against this outsider with his speculative bent. If Martha Cory and Rebecca Nurse were initially "family witches" in the household of Thomas Putnam, Jr., John Willard played a similar role for the Wilkins clan. The finger of witchcraft was pointed at him by no fewer than ten members of the family. In early May 1692, shortly after John Willard had been named by the afflicted girls, but before he was arrested, seventeen-year-old Daniel Wilkins was felled by a mysterious affliction from which he died the following week. At about the same time old Bray Wilkins was struck by a painful and alarming urinary difficulty. Both afflictions were blamed on John Willard. Not long afterwards, Ann Putnam, Sr., picked up the theme, accusing Willard of having murdered no fewer than thirteen Salem Villagers during his brief residence in the community.
John Willard himself seems to have been genuinely mystified by the intensity of feeling against him. When first accused he came to Bray Wilkins "greatly troubled" and asked this respected church member and family patriarch to pray with him – but the old man refused, pleading a prior engagement. Bray Wilkins had learned, over the years, that you cannot be too cautious in dealing with outsiders.
George Burroughs
From A Delusion of Satan, Francis Hill
Key Persons Involved, page 219
"George Burroughs, noted for his physical strength despite his small stature, came to Salem Village as minister in 1680, at age twenty-eight. He was born into a well-to-do family in Suffolk, England, but was brought up by his mother in Roxbury, Massachusetts. Having graduated from Harvard in 1670, he preached in Falmouth, Maine, until an Indian attack in August 1676 forced him to flee to Massachusetts. After a period as minister in Salisbury, he came to Salem Village, where he buried his second wife and married his third. He remained in the village for less than three years, leaving after deep disagreements with Thomas Putnam and his allies. He returned to Main but in May 1692 was brought back to Salem Village a prisoner, having been arrested for witchcraft. His unusual strength was used against him as evidence of his complicity with the devil."
* * *
Click here to purchase Delusion of Satan at our online bookstore.


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Ladies and gentlemen, we may have just found the real world's very own Jerry Gergich.
His name — appropriately enough — is Larry Potash, and he's been anchoring Chicago's WGN Morning News for 18 years. In all that time, he and his team have managed to fly under the national radar… until a few days ago, when a clip of the morning news crew accidentally hanging up on a guest went viral.
Why was the gaffe such a big deal? Simple: The guest happened to be Oprah Winfrey.


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Reviewed Potato Croquettes
Nov 26, 2011 in Food Network Community Toolbox on FoodNetwork.com
"Wow - THIS IS A KEEPER! I made a few modifications after reading the reviews. I used 3 finely chopped green onions, 2 finely chopped garlic cloves. I also added about 1/2 cup of some leftover whole milk ricotta cheese to the potato mixture as well. Used Panko bread crumbs seasoned with S&P and parmesan cheese. OMG. Will definely make these again..."
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(10-10-2012 02:26 PM)gadsden86 Wrote: Great adds man. Once i move i am going to pay for the site and send to all the dolphins guys i can. I love getting autos of guys TTM so much more than pck cert autos.
(10-10-2012 05:13 PM)slotman11 Wrote: Love the customs!!! I would love some of the first ones with the pic at the color pic at the top, with the white bottom with the logo etc for signing... Pm me if you want to do some of that custom work for me... I will pay you... Thanks!!!


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November 21, 2011, 7:00 AM
By Scott Raab
Fabrice Dall'Anese/Corbis Outline
Published in the December 2011 issue
Lunch at the restaurant at the Bowery Hotel in downtown New York.
JOHN C. REILLY [Walking in a little late]: What's happening? You've just been talking to yourself?
SCOTT RAAB: I've been saying, Where is this guy? Is he getting rid of the hooker?
JCR: Sorry, man. No hookers. I had a very late night, though. There was this amazing party after a screening of Carnage last night.
SR: You got any appetite?
JCR [To waiter]: I'll have some tea. PG Tips, please.
SR: Would you mind me suggesting that you look hungover?
JCR: Do I? I didn't drink at all. I just stayed up really late. That's my story and I'm sticking to it. I had to talk to a lot of people last night. That is its own kind of exhaustion. I was the only one from the cast there. So everyone's feelings toward the cast all were channeled into me. It's all love. But it can be overwhelming. I live a pretty cloistered life in general, so when I come out to these things...
SR: I found out a long time ago that you might want to trade bank accounts with a movie star, but you would never want what comes along with that level of fame.
JCR: I find it pretty manageable, actually. Because I'm pretty good at keeping below the radar, for the most part. There is a level of fame that is really unmanageable. But most of the people who experience that level of fame are compensated in other ways. Private villas and chauffeured boats.
SR: But then you get so walled off, I don't know that you could ever rejoin what I think of as real life.
JCR: Unless you're good at disguises.
SR: The last time I was here in this restaurant wasn't that long ago. I was doing one of these with Jonah Hill. The one thing we argued about was Step Brothers. I said, "Step Brothers got to the point for me where it was like, enough."
JCR: Enough of what?
SR: Enough physical comedy, enough broad comedy.
JCR: You're getting old. You're old. That's the generational split on that movie. Like, "Oh, come on. Really? You're going to wipe your ass with the rug in the bathroom?" Did you see it just once, when it came out?
SR: Just once. And not with my son.
JCR: See it with your son, first of all. Even for me, when I first saw that movie, it pushes boundaries in terms of that stuff. But it's actually and this is really true of Adam McKay, who directed it, and Will Ferrell they're both really subversive guys. Subversive and incredibly intelligent. I think that's one of the reasons I started to work with Will and Adam.
SR: I think your body of work speaks for itself. Seriously.
JCR: Thanks, man. I try. It's thought of as an eccentric thing for an actor to really try to maintain quality control through the whole career. Most people think, You just work. You just keep working. And in some ways I wish I could be a guy who's just a workhorse.
SR: It strikes me that you're a workhorse, but the choices seem careful.
JCR: I'm just really careful about who I spend my time with.
SR: Well, I can't think of any major blunders outside of Step Brothers.
JCR: I'm telling you, that movie has become a cult movie.
SR: I just saw We Need to Talk About Kevin. That was a harrowing experience.
JCR: Yeah, that's an ass kicker.
SR: Terrifying.
JCR: What's interesting is there's no violence on camera.
SR: No. But there were moments that were chilling. It made me feel awful.
JCR: That's a great tagline for the movie. Put that on the poster: "It made me feel awful."
[An acquaintance of Reilly's comes over. Small talk.]
JCR: She's an actress.
SR: I knew her, but I couldn't name her. Isn't that terrible?
JCR: No. It happens to me on a daily basis.
SR: I can't believe people wouldn't recognize you.
JCR: No, I'm saying it happens to me every day, where I know someone's face but can't remember their name. At this point, this face is like a fingerprint. It's unique.
SR: Does it bother you the way people refer to your face? "Cauliflower," one guy wrote. You just look like a Chicago guy to me. You don't look like an ugly guy.
JCR: Well, thank you. I don't feel ugly. But I don't look like your average bear. I think it upsets some people, like, "Wait, how did that guy get to be in movies?" One of the reasons people find me a believable actor is that I don't seem like one of the gods from Olympus. I seem like someone who was lucky enough to be let into Olympus.
SR: I've read enough background material to know that your family didn't at all discourage you from acting.
JCR: It was a big family. They were just kind of happy that I wasn't breaking the law. Which was not entirely true. My family are all storytellers, and I think I inherited a lot more of that gene than other people in my family. I guess I was fun to have around.
SR: It's that rare Lithuanian-Irish mix of genes.
JCR: Not that rare in my neighborhood. That's pretty much what Marquette Park is, or was half Lithuanian, half Irish, with a little bit of Polish thrown in there.
SR: The worst I ever got beat up was in Chicago, by guys from Marquette Park.
JCR: What year was this?
JCR: Then I definitely knew who the guys were. Because I knew everyone in Marquette Park in 1976.
SR: I was at Comiskey with guys from Evergreen Park. And my guys were pouring beer from the upper deck down on people and someone hit me in the head with an ice cooler. It's the only time I ever got beat to the ground and kicked. So I've always had a lot of respect for Chicago. We got one of their jackets, a maroon windbreaker.
JCR: Yeah, maybe it was from my high school.
SR: Brother Rice.
JCR: Maroon and orange.
SR [To waiter]: I'm gonna have the polenta and eggs.
WAITER: And for you, sir?
JCR: What's the one with soldiers? Soft-boiled egg and soldiers? That's what I'll have. Whole wheat.
SR: Soft-boiled egg and soldiers?
JCR: That's what it's called.
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beat slender level 1
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The Getting Blanked podcast takes a turn for the serious today, talking about the real…no. We mock the Rockies and praise the Braves and their back-to-back brothers. That's about it. And the Marlins catch some abuse as well, of course.
Hit the mp3 link for direct download right here.
Subscribe to Getting Blanked on iTunes to ensure the podcast, daily video show and other life-changing materials goes straight to your device of choice each week. Or, you can hook up the RSS feed here if that is more your style.
Some (underlined) Mint Musical Interludes courtesy of The Constantines and Arts & Crafts Records and Deathwish Records. Check out the full catologue and buy what you like. It's the right thing to do.


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Here's a game recommended by Walter Underwood named after Scouting's own John Thurman, you can find it in this list of games (pdf file)
Equipment: For each patrol, a Scout stave or broomstick handle
Procedure: The patrols line up in relay formation, with the patrol leader of each holding the stave about 5 feet in front of them . On signal, he tosses the stave to the first Scout in line, who tosses it back to him and ducks down . The patrol leader then tosses the stave to the second Scout, who catches it, tosses it back, ducks down, and so on through the line . The last Scout in line catches and tosses twice, and then it's tossed to each Scout back down the line . Each Scout remains standing after this toss and catch .
Scoring: The first patrol with all players standing wins
Click the image to see full-sized


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Dear all,
I would like to trade your daylily with my rooted roses. I have the following roses in a plastic cup looking for a new home. Or, I can trade with the cuttings - please check my trade list for the variety I have. If you are looking for a particular variety, please let me know because I may have it in my pot ghetto. Blush Noisette (Noisette)
Looking forward to hearing from you! |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by sunset_shepherdess 3 (My Page) on Wed, May 13, 09 at 9:38
Is Perle d'Or a shrub or regular rose? Thanks :) |
Hello Sunset, I am sorry for my delayed reply. Perle d'Or I have is a shrub rose. Please check the following link for more information. http://www.helpmefind.com/plant/pl.php?n=4755 Thank you! |
- Posted by sunset_shepherdess 3 (My Page) on Tue, Jun 2, 09 at 20:39
Dang, was hoping for the regular rose. Do you have any photo/information on the rest? No problem for the delay, I just kept checking the post :) |
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iTunes for Windows
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Great music store selection.
I was unable to download many songs/videos I purchased at the music store due to iTunes crashing my computer midway through the download processes. I've tried redownloading and reinstalling to no avail. Also, I'm not at all a fan of the layout, player functionality, and sluggish response of itunes. Windows Media Player 9 and 10 are much easier to use, imo, offer better options and features, and have never caused me a moment's worry in terms of stability.


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After hearing a presentation from City Administrator Tina Volek and also hearing from the public, the Billings City Council voted unanimously Monday on an ordinance to ask voters to decide on a levy to cover public safety needs caused by the community's anticipated growth over the next 10 years.
The public safety levy will go to Billings voters Nov. 4.
Volek said a committee of community leaders will begin presenting details of the levy to civic groups and hold three "community conversations" beginning in September.
"In order to sell this," Councilwoman Jani McCall said, "this council is going to have to be firmly behind it."
"I have spoken to people around town," Marie Hunter of Billings told the City Council, "and I believe you folks will get huge support, because we all know what's happening."
"We are a safe community," said Councilwoman Becky Bird. "However, public safety personnel are so busy with more egregious, violent crime that other things aren't being addressed in a timely fashion. We don't have the human capital to cover the bases."
Not all residents voiced support for the proposed levy.
"I am getting taxed out of my house," said Anthony Raue of Billings, a carpenter. "I think you will start taxing other people out of the city. This one is a tough sell for me."
During the first five years of the levy, the city plans to hire 27 public safety personnel, including 13 police officers, six firefighters, an animal control officer, a police clerk, a fire administrative support person and five 911 dispatchers.
An assistant city attorney and paralegal would also be added to meet the increased cases expected from additional growth.
The levy would start in 2015-16 at 12 mills and approximately $2 million. In 2024-25 125 mills would be levied and produce approximately $22.8 million.
The mill levy assessment for 2024-25 would continue indefinitely, and General Fund reserves would be spent down to the recommended level by the end of the 2017-18 fiscal year.
If voters approve the levy, the owner of a $200,000 home would pay $31 in additional property taxes during the 2015-16 tax year and $325 during 2025-26.
Volek told the City Council that since the Montana Legislature voted in 2009 to begin a six-year reappraisal cycle on property taxes, "Our property tax income has basically leveled out."
That's the main reason, she said, that the city's steady growth cannot pay for the public safety officials needed to provide at least the current level of services.
The city's charter limits the total mills that can be levied to 74, unless residents vote themselves a special levy.
According to Volek, 77 percent of the Police Department's budget is spent on personell services, while 83 percent of the Fire Department's costs are personnel-related.
"When we survey the public and do strategic planning, public safety is the number-one need for the residents of this community," Volek said. "We are going to be severely challenged with the growth we have and the changes that are going on in this community."
The City Council also agreed on what to call the levy — the public safety levy, and not, as suggested earlier, the family safety levy.
"Billings is one big family," Mayor Tom Hanel said, "but it doesn't matter to me what you call it. Whatever gets it passed."
"You could call it the warm and fuzzy tax hike," Councilman Rich McFadden said with a smile, but the council agreed to leave it as the public safety levy for the ballot.


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OBD1 SAP ABAP transaction code - Document parking posting date OBD1 (Document parking posting date) is a standard SAP transaction code available within R/3 SAP systems depending on your version and release level. Contribute (Add Comments)
There are many thousands of transactions within an SAP system and it is very difficult to find informtaion about each and every one of them. This page therefore offers a place holder for information about tcode OBD1 so anyone can use the comments section below to contribute and add useful hints, tips, screen shots or anything else relevant to this transaction. This will then be available for everyone to easily find by simply searching on the transaction code OBD1 or its description. Related SAP transaction codes:  OBD2  OBD3  OBD4  OBD5  OBD6  OBDA  OBDB  OBDC  OBDD  OBDE SAP Program associated with transaction OBD1: N/A Default Screen Number: N/A |
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Former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden opened a window giving us a glimpse of the NSA's massive surveillance programs. Those revelations prompted calls for reform from across the political spectrum. But in response, President Obama is offering little more than window dressing.
Just before heading to Martha's Vineyard for a relaxing vacation, Mr. Obama basically told us to relax and not worry that the NSA is collecting data on phone calls made by millions of Americans who aren't suspected of any crimes.
The president assured us that, "it's right to ask questions about surveillance, particularly as technology is reshaping every aspect of our lives." He said, "It's not enough for me, as president, to have confidence in these programs. The American people need to have confidence in them as well."
True enough. But that confidence couldn't have grown much on Thursday when The Washington Post reported that the NSA "has broken privacy rules or overstepped its legal authority thousands of times each year since Congress granted the agency broad new powers in 2008, according to an internal audit and other top-secret documents." And that confidence is unlikely to be bolstered by the handful of tepid proposals that Mr. Obama offered in addition to his soothing words.
Now, it does make sense (as the president proposed) to add an adversarial voice to challenge the government's positions during the secret proceedings of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court.
But none of the proposals would really curtail the NSA's secret surveillance programs. And some proposals appear to be merely cosmetic. For example, he wants his intelligence agencies to build a website explaining their mission. (What's next — a ringtone to let us know when the NSA is collecting our phone records?)
Other proposals sound like they could end up being duplicative or even counterproductive. For example, Mr. Obama said an independent task force of outside experts would review the government's surveillance efforts, in terms of both privacy rights and impact on foreign policy. But we already have something called the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board, which Mr. Obama met with in June for the first time since taking office.
"My initial reaction is that we don't need another board," said Brown University visiting fellow Timothy H. Edgar, who once served as Mr. Obama's director of privacy and civil liberties for the national security staff. "I don't understand why he's proposing another mechanism, and I am suspicious that he is trying to do an end-run around the Privacy and Civil Liberties Board, which is independent and bipartisan."
He noted it has taken years to set up that board, which was created in 2004 but has faced repeated delays over the nomination and confirmation of members. "Now that it's set up and running, I don't see any reason why it shouldn't be the main oversight body," he said.
Mr. Obama said the NSA would create a "full-time civil liberties and privacy officer." But Edgar noted the Director of National Intelligence already has a "very good" civil liberties officer. "It's absolutely baffling," he said. "Every time they have a controversy, their instinct is to set up a new mechanism. We need to empower the people who are already in these positions."
Edgar said existing oversight mechanisms are "substantial," and the new proposals could undermine them. "It seems like he is reinventing the wheel," he said. "It makes me suspicious that they're trying to run things from the White House, and that would be a mistake."
Edgar said it's not surprising the NSA revelations have divided the president's supporters since they were split over such matters before. "Obama sees this as using powers in a way that is subject to safeguards and balances, unlike (George W.) Bush's unilateral approach," he said. "But some supporters were looking for bigger changes to the Bush years than what they got."
The split is evident among Rhode Island Democrats: Rep. David N. Cicilline voted for and Rep. James R. Langevin voted against an amendment that would have restricted NSA's ability to collect bulk phone records. And the issue has created allegiances among local liberals and libertarians.
Former state Rep. David A. Segal, D-Providence, is now executive director for Demand Progress, a national advocacy group focused on civil liberties and government reform, and group members spoke at a "town hall" meeting hosted by Langevin on Tuesday.
Segal it should come as no surprise that the NSA has broken privacy rules and overstepped its legal authority. "This is what happens when you give people sweeping, unchecked secret powers," he said. "Even if you believe these programs are fundamentally ones the government should have, the appropriate action right now is to halt all of these programs until there has been a thorough vetting of how they are used."
Blake A. Filippi, a Block Island lawyer who is the national legal analyst for the 10th Amendment Center and a founder of the Rhode Island Liberty Coalition, said The Washington Post story highlights the perils of "dragnet surveillance."
"Before the Revolution, they used general warrants to search every house on a street or whole towns," Filippi said. "The Fourth Amendment is clear that people shall be secure in their persons and possessions absent a warrant issued by a judge for probable cause, specifying the people and the place to be searched." He said the president's proposals are "beating around the bush and avoiding the constitutional requirement."
Langevin, a member of the House intelligence committee, issued a statement Friday, saying he was "deeply concerned" by The Washington Post report. "The laws under which the NSA conducts its collection activities contain important requirements and safeguards," he said. "Robust oversight of NSA activities is critical, and Congress must do its part to ensure that any compliance failures, if substantiated, are disclosed quickly and that the necessary steps are taken to prevent further violations."
So, Mr. President, come on back from vacation. The window of opportunity remains open to strike a better balance between civil liberties and national security.


text:
- Welcome, Guest! (Log In)
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- Contact Us
Brew delicious organic kombucha tea at home! Save money! Commercial kombucha tea sells for $3+ per bottle. Using our kombucha starter culture, brew your own kombucha for $2 per gallon or less. A kombucha tea starter culture consists of yeast and bacteria existing in a symbiotic relationship. When combined with sweetened tea and fermented for 7 to 30 days, the resulting kombucha tea beverage has a slightly carbonated zing and is packed full of B vitamins.
- Gluten-free, dairy-free, and vegan.
- Reusable culture; transfer the culture from batch to batch
- With proper care, the culture can be used indefinitely to create delicious fermented tea
- Easy to make; can be flavored in a variety of ways.
This Kombucha Tea Starter Kit includes:
- Kombucha tea starter culture (includes culture and 10 pH strips)
- Organic black tea (enough for the activation batch)
- Plastic mesh strainer (3.5")
- 16-page instruction booklet, including bottling and flavoring ideas
Kombucha Tea Instructions and Troubleshooting:
- Instructions for using this culture are included and may be found here.
- Having trouble making kombucha? Browse our Kombucha Troubleshooting Articles or contact us for assistance.
Ingredients: Organic sugar, organic black tea
This product contains no GMO ingredients.
Shipping Information and Shelf-life: Our Kombucha Tea Starter Culture is shipped in a dehydrated state and must be rehydrated. The starter keeps
- At room temperature (68° to 78°F): 3 to 4 weeks
- In the refrigerator (40° to 45°F): 9 months
- In the freezer (0° to 25°F): not recommended
Allergen Information:
Packaged in a facility that also manufactures products made with wheat, soy, eggs, nuts, and fish.
Questions on Kombucha Tea Starter Kit
- From Emily at 7/14/2014 7:00 AM
- I've hydrated my scoby that I purchased and also completed my first batch of kombutcha. The kombutcha turned out great and the PH levels were good also. However, i did not get a new baby scoby with either batch, just a paper thin layer of a new baby scoby. How many batches will it take before a new baby scoby will form?
- It may take several batches for the kombucha tea to mature enough to encourage scoby growth and reproduction. To minimize the amount of time this will take be sure you are brewing according to the instructions here: http://www.culturesforhealth.com/make-kombucha and your culturing area is within the optimal temperature range.
- Do you find this question helpful? Yes No
- From kathleen at 3/21/2014 2:21 AM
- How much tea is made per batch.
- The starter kit comes with enough loose tea to make your first batch of kombucha (1 quart). Once your scoby is rehydrated, you can use it to make larger batches and use the new scobys that form to make multiple batches with your tea of choice. You will find suggestions for tea here: http://www.culturesforhealth.com/kombucha-ingredients
- Do you find this question helpful? Yes No
- From jy at 1/4/2014 1:20 PM
- From paulette at 12/13/2013 6:52 PM
- I have read that a new scoby grows with each batch of kombacha,if so what do I do with the new ones and how long does the original one last
- We recommend using the healthiest looking scoby for your next batch. The lifespan of each scoby is hard to define as it depends on culturing conditions.
Extra scobys can be shared with friends, stored as a backup, or used to make kombucha coffee (http://www.culturesforhealth.com/kombucha-coffee-recipe). Check out more ideas here: http://www.culturesforhealth.com/use-extra-kombucha-scoby - Do you find this question helpful? Yes No
- From Shannon at 11/20/2013 5:17 PM
- How much tea do you need for each batch, once it has been rehydrated. If enough tea comes with it for the activation, how much will I need to purchase separately?
- The amount of tea needed depends on the size of the batch you're brewing.
One quart: 1½ t. loose tea or 2 tea bags.
Half-gallon: 1 T. loose tea or 4 tea bags.
Gallon: 2 T. loose tea or 8 tea bags.
- Do you find this question helpful? Yes No
- From cole85 at 11/4/2013 7:13 PM
- When making kombucha, is testing the ph necessary? And if so how often? Thanks in advance!
- The pH is a good indicator of how the fermentation is progressing. While there is no specific requirement on how often to check the pH, if you are not familiar with the taste of kombucha, testing the pH frequently as the brew ferments can be helpful. Once the pH is lower than 4.0, the batch is 'done', though some prefer a stronger flavor, when the pH is a bit lower, about 3.5.
- Do you find this question helpful? Yes No
- From Danny33 at 10/18/2013 10:25 PM
- What are the primary strains of yeast and bacteria present in your scoby?
Some vendors specify yeasts such as S. Boulardii, S. Cerevisiae, Lactobacillus bacteria, etc.
Dan - You can find a list of bacteria and yeast generally know to be found in kombucha scobys here: http://www.culturesforhealth.com/kombucha-yeast-bacteria
- Do you find this question helpful? Yes No
- What are the primary strains of yeast and bacteria present in your scoby?
- From Pat W at 8/18/2013 5:46 PM
- Does this work with any tea or only black tea?
- While black tea is the traditional tea used for brewing kombucha, there are a variety of teas or combinations of teas that will work fine. Check the link here for further information:
http://www.culturesforhealth.com/kombucha-ingredients - Do you find this question helpful? Yes No
- From Jennifer W at 8/6/2013 5:30 PM
- Would you recommend filtered water versus tap water for a cleaner healthier Kombucha? I'm very interested in trying this drink and the video was great. thank you!
- We do recommend using the best water you can. If your water supply has chlorine, you can remove it by filtering, boiling, or aeration. You can read more about choosing water for your ferments here. http://www.culturesforhealth.com/water-source-making-cultured-fermented-food
- Do you find this question helpful? Yes No
- From Cindy O at 8/2/2013 11:49 AM
- I was reading in an article that in order to make Kombucha Tea you need to start out with 1/2 - 1 cup of the tea itself when you make your first batch. Does this starter kit not need that since you have to rehydrate the scoby?
- In place of starter tea (finished kombucha) we recommend using distilled white vinegar for the activation batch, as well as for the next batch of kombucha. This is detailed in the instructions that come with the kit.
- Do you find this question helpful? Yes No
Ask Your Own Question
Back to the product pageCustomer Reviews
- Overall thoughts about purchase Review by Pearl
Value Quality Price I ordered this after trying bottled Kombucha. I only hope my product can taste as good. I talked with Sarah in the process of ordering and she was extremely helpful. However did I ask a question about how many test strips the kit contained and was disappointed when it arrived to only find a total of 8 ph strips in the kit. I am still in the process of rehydrating my scoby. The book was very helpful and I followed the instructions to the letter. I am looking forward to being able to drink my own kombucha as I have been drinking it every day and really like it, but hope I can replicate the delicious tastes in my own recipes.
CFH Note ~ We include a small amount of strips to help with rehydration but you'll likely find that you won't need them after your first several batches. The best way to determine how your kombucha is progressing is by the aroma and flavor of the batch. If it is still very sweet, the pH is likely still a little high and you should let your batch continue brewing and taste it again in a few days. The flavors are a lot of fun to experiment with, you'll find suggestions here: http://www.culturesforhealth.com/flavoring-bottling-kombucha(Posted on 10/20/2014)
- Good Product Review by chrisbarton
Value Quality Price I think the Kit is great, Has everything you need to get started. My only complaint is that the scoby is dried and I have to wait 3 weeks for it to reactiave. I like the source so thats why i purchased it. My wife enjoys the tea and needs it for her autoimmune issue, I wanted to start making it right away. So the issue I have is i have to buy the 4$ a bottle stuff until this is ready at the house.
(Posted on 9/29/2014)
- Great if you follow the instructions Review by Pixels303
Value Quality Price Brewed these before with success providing the instructions were sorta followed. I have been able to triple the recipe from the start. Make sure you don't suffocate it like who I gifted one to did, needs oxygen to survive. Also refrigerate after brewing to allow it to last longer (will last two months tops in fridge). You need to continue the brew by adding more sweet tea after each brew, or it will die.
CFH note~ We recommend activating the scoby in a 1 quart batch.(Posted on 9/23/2014)
- Disappointed... Review by ribsmoke
Value Quality Price I ordered my Kombucha starter kit and received it quickly. I had read the eBook provided by CFH and was ready to go. I followed the instructions specifically and put everything together as told to do and then I waited. My dehydrated SCOBY lay in the bottom of my ferment vessel and retained its shape, size and appearance for four weeks. At the end of this time it was still on the bottom of the jar and was tortilla thin and unchanged in size. In short, my SCOBY failed to hydrate and was, I believe, DOA the day I received it.
CFH note ~ A dehydrated scoby will not change much. If anything, you may see a slight thickening but the scoby will not float to the top, it will remain in the bottom of the jar where it is busy consuming the sugar and lowering the pH of your batch, getting your tea ready for your first official batch of kombucha. The best way to determine if a scoby is working is by flavor and aroma. At the end of the 30 day rehydration go ahead and taste your kombucha, if it is still sweet, you can let it sit a few more days. The rehydration process can take a little longer if your culturing temperature is cool. It may take several batches for the yeast and bacteria to mature enough to encourage a new scoby to grow but continue making your batches according to the instructions. As always, if you have any problems, do not hesitate to contact Customer Support, sometimes a small change in procedure results in much greater activity and we are always happy to help.(Posted on 9/8/2014)
- Makes good kombucha Review by Dolly
Price Value Quality I fell in love with kombucha, but the cost of buying it in the store made me decide to make my own. Rehydrating the starter was easy and I did leave my first batch 30 days. I am on my third batch and am disappointed that no scoby forms. While I will continue to use your scoby so I can do more batches, I am a little disappointed.
Response from CFH: It may take several batches for a baby scoby to form. Please contact Customer Support before discarding any cultures.
(Posted on 7/24/2014)
- Exactly what I expected. Review by Lorraine
Price Value Quality Simple, easy to follow directions. Everything I need, smartly and beautifully packaged.
(Posted on 7/23/2014)
- Easy Review by Sue
Value Quality Price Great instructions. Simple to start. Waiting for scoby to rehydrate and then will start keeping kombucha in the house all the time.
(Posted on 6/18/2014)
- Did not Work Review by Niantic
Price Value Quality Followed the directions to a tee.
After 30 days no re-hydration.
Tried a new batch 20 days later no live scoby.
Response from CFH: It is normal that there be very little or no visible change in the scoby and no baby scoby forming for a few batches. Please contact customer support for assistance before discarding anything, as most cultures can be saved with some adjustment.(Posted on 6/6/2014)
- So far, so good Review by Raeann
Value Quality Price I'm still waiting for the 30-day rehydration period to finish (15 days left!), and the SCOBY appears to be doing fine. The starter kit is great because I don't have pH strips lying around, and the starter booklet is much more detailed (particularly in the start-up instructions) than the little flyer that comes in the box with the SCOBY. I also appreciate having a dedicated plastic mesh strainer just for kombucha.
(Posted on 5/27/2014)
- Great product and customer service Review by Emily
Price Value Quality I had a great experience with Cultures for Health. The kit comes with most everything you need to brew your kombucha, and the eBook that you can download for free from the website was very informational! I hydrated my scoby in a quart size mason jar, and that first batch tasted pretty strongly like vinegar. The first batch after that (still brewing with vinegar rather than tea from the previous batch) also didn't taste quite like kombucha that I've bought from the store in the past. Now, I am finally ready to bottle my third batch of kombucha (and the first batch using tea starter rather than vinegar starter) and it tastes great! I emailed and used live chat with customer service a couple times throughout the process and each time they responded quickly and were very helpful! Overall a great experience!
(Posted on 5/23/2014)
- everything seems to be going well!! Review by rana
Price Value Quality my SCOBY seems to be rehydrating properly & growing well. the instructions were clear and helpful. i'm not quite sure why the strainer was completely necessary to include in the kit but everything else is great!!
(Posted on 5/18/2014)
- terrific product Review by Mary
Price Value Quality so easy to use. i'm still in process of making my first batch and it's working just as advertised. i was worried i wouldn't be able to make the tea, but it appears those fears were unfounded. Thanks so much for making this available.
(Posted on 5/8/2014)
- Wait and See Review by GeeJo
Quality Price Value The kit was perfect. Everything I needed to get started and I had the jar already. My very first batch was complete today. Unfortunately it was so vinegary that I couldn't drink any. I dumped it. My second batch is 'brewing' and I really hope that one is better. I've been looking forward to this for soooooo long! I don't what or if anything went wrong. Maybe it's supposed to be that vinegary. I've never had it before. I do think the kit was well worth the price. Your not going to find it cheaper or as complete anywhere else.
(Posted on 4/25/2014)
- SCOBY slow to activate Review by Robert
Price Value Quality Received my dehydrated scoby and kit promptly. The kit included everything needed along with excellent instructions. Unfortunately, my experience has been similar to other customers. After 30 days, there was little sign of activity other than some sediment on the bottom of the jar. The PH had dropped so it may be working but the tea was still very sweet and just tasted like sweet tea with vinegar added. I bottled and let it set out for 5 days and it did produce some carbonation but still tasted like sweet tea and vinegar. Made my second batch according to directions. Eight days into the second batch but the tea still looks clear and doesn't seem to be doing much. No sign of baby scoby but instructions said it make take several batches. I trust Cultures for Health and expect it will eventually produce as expected. However, the length of time required tries one's patience. I suggest Cultures for Health provide an option to purchase an already hydrated and active scoby as other sites do. After reading on the web, I decided to try making a scoby from a store bought bottle of Kombucha. I used 2/3 of bottle of store-bought kombucha in a quart jar. This batch became cloudy right away and formed a scoby within a week. The scoby is getting thicker each day and the PH is dropping as expected. It looks like this process will create a batch of Kombucha and a hydrated scoby in about two weeks. Cultures for Health has an excellent web site, great training videos and excellent customer service. I'm sure they can improve this scoby process and experience for their customers.
Response from CFH: With regard to shipping dehydrated cultures: We fall under both state and federal jurisdiction and comply with all state and federal food processing, handling, and shipping laws. We also value the safety of our customers above all else and therefore we not only comply with all applicable laws and best practices, but also with liability insurance guidelines, etc.
Please contact customer support for troubleshooting advice before discarding product. Many cultures can be saved with minor adjustments.(Posted on 4/23/2014)
- Good so far... Review by Erin
Value Quality Price Since my SCOBY is still reconstituting I can't say much about how a batch has turned out, but I will say that the directions, online videos and kit have made this a really easy process so far. I'm looking forward to making my first batch in the next couple of weeks!
(Posted on 3/20/2014)
- Great so far! Review by kzack
Price Value Quality This starter kit has been fabulous. The book really walks through everything you need to get started and brew your own kombucha. It's been a couple of months and so far so good!
(Posted on 3/10/2014)
- Good starter Review by Hud
Price Value Quality Enjoyed making my first batch of starter tea. Took a while to get it right. I am well on my way to making Kombucha and really loving it.
(Posted on 3/1/2014)
- Should of bought a live Scoby from a different supplier. Review by Blondy
Quality Price Value I was under the impression by watching the video that I would be able to make the Kombucha right away. Rehydrating over and over again is just ridicules. It states nowhere that it will take several times. It would of been cheaper to buy live and less of a hassle. I asked for my money back and all I get is how to continue to rehydrate. Think I'll buy another from a dealer that sells live Scoby's.
Response from CFH: Instructions included with culture state that a baby scoby may not form for a few batches. Rehydration does not need to be repeated. Please contact customer support for troubleshooting advice before discarding product. Many cultures can be saved with minor adjustments.(Posted on 2/25/2014)
- I followed all directions perfectly. Culture was DOA. Just sat there for 31 days. Review by Jim
Price Value Quality I followed all directions perfectly. I think the culture was DOA. I just sat there for 31 days. I really would like a culture that works or my money back.
Response from CFH: Contacted customer but received no response. Please contact customer support for troubleshooting advice before discarding product. Many cultures can be saved with minor adjustments.(Posted on 2/12/2014)
- impressive Review by Katherine
Price Value Quality My kombucha starter kit arrived promptly, sooner than I expected! The packaging is very professional in appearance with well laid out labels, artful and simple. The booklet of instructions is reassuringly clear, readable, and complete. The scoby is still rehydrating, so I don't really know yet how my actual kombucha will turn out, but I have contacted Cultures for Health several times online and have received answers to all of my questions in a very timely manner. Both the live chat and the contact through email have elicited prompt replies. I am very impressed with their customer service!
(Posted on 2/7/2014)


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Results 1 to 3 of 3
Ok i am running apache on Fedora Core 1. I have a website set up and stored in /var/www/html....i think it is, whatever the default directory is. Now i cna ...
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- 02-17-2004 #1
- Join Date
- Jan 2004
- Posts
- 48
Apache Problems
Side note, is there any software that i could use on Linux to work like Flash or Dreamweaver. That is not as important to me as the first question though.
- 02-17-2004 #2
- Join Date
- Apr 2003
- Location
- Sweden
- Posts
- 796
How does your internal network look like?? Do you have a router?? Also check your /var/log/httpd/error_log access_log to see if you can find anything suspisious..
- 02-17-2004 #3
Yeh we need to know a bit about the network you more then likely need port fowarding but i can only assume untill we get more info. To your second question ST posted this http://www.nvu.com/ at SFDC its a new WYSIWYG for Linux which looks ok.


text:
(A mother comes in looking to get a hamster for her four children. They range in age from 3 to 10.)
Mother: "Excuse me, miss?"
Me: "How may I help you?"
Mother: "Can you tell me if this hamster is a girl?"
(I look at the hamster in question. It's most definitely male.)
Mother, to me: *quietly* "Just say it's a girl."
Me: "Yes, it's a girl."
Mother, to children: "Yes, this one's a girl. We can call her Jessie."
Child: "What's that hanging off the back of the hamster?" *points to the hamster's prominent testicles*
Mother: *looks at me in desperation*
Me: "Er…that's…"
Mother: *frantic look of desperation*
Me: "…its butt."
Mother: *look of relief*
(They ended up buying the hamster in spite of its large…butt.)


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text:
Recently I was at the Japanse Garden in Montreal. Out front they had a mini forest of trees. Can anyone tell me what is the best trees to use for this effect in Z5?
This may be well over my pruning skills, but I would like to try anyway. Also I am sure there is a better name than mini forest, so if someone can correct me please do. Thanks |
Follow-Up Postings:
Doesn't the Montreal JGarden have a collection of Bonsai and Penjing? -- could this be what you mean? The Japanese term Yose-Uye is used to describe a (bonsai) Forest or Group planting.. am not sure of the specific Chinese word used to describe 'Forest style Penjing' :) Junipers, trident maples and elms generally yield the quickest results -- while pines in a group planting can look magnificent, they also require more skill to establish the basic form (trunkline/taper/alternate branching/short internodes etc Jack |
- Posted by Skyridgegarden z5 MO (My Page) on Tue, Oct 4, 05 at 7:22
The Yose-Uye was located outside the Bonsai collection. They were planted in the ground, not in a pot. They were pruned like Bonsai. Is there anything written that may help me develop this look? Jeff |
Ahh, I see :) -- well, similar styling guidelines would apply in that case. There's a small book I'd recommend: Forest, Rock Planting & Ezo Spruce Bonsai by Saburo Kato. It's published by The National Foundation, Inc (Washington DC).. and is distributed through Stone Lantern Publishing. The library may also be a good place to start, as you can read many bonsai books and study the principles/aims of pruning in general, as well as how all this relates to Forest plantings There are also a few bonsai forums on the net ( IBC and Bonsai Talk) including the one here on GW Jack |
- Posted by Jack_San_Diego Z9 CA (My Page) on Tue, Oct 4, 05 at 20:13
I like the Ginkgo biloba in a grove. It gives you a change of seasons which is hard to find in Southern California. They are easy to care for and are beautiful in the afternoon breeze. This grove I have had for 18 years. Jack |
Jack -- Have you tried tridents (Acer buergerianum ) for fall color in SoCal ? They may perform as well as the Ginkgos.. I recently moved up north to (sub-tropical) Brisbane, from cold Melbourne, and the trident cuttings I brought up with me show a lot of promise for the brief autumn/mild winter in this this warmer climate. This pic was taken in Brisbane last autmn Jack |
Here is a link that might be useful: Trident maple cuttings
Do you mean something like this? It gradually fades back to a larger forest. |
Here is a link that might be useful: Sort of a mini forest
- Posted by George_in_the_UK UK (My Page) on Mon, Oct 31, 05 at 17:00
Hi, This is a photo of my minature landscape of larch in there autimn colours,just copy and post this link. http://koi-z-are-us.20m.com/larchautumn.htm George. |
Here is a link that might be useful: George's Japanese Garden
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text:
Johnson County Community College
Press Release
College Information and Publications
Julie Haas, associate vice president, marketing communications, ext. 3120
Diane Carroll, writer/editor/media relations, ext. 3425
Tyler Cundith, sports information director, ext. 3122
W. Basketball – JCCC well represented on all-conference teams
W. Basketball – JCCC well represented on all-conference teams
OVERLAND PARK, Kan. – Johnson County Community College sophomore guard DaShawn Harden has been named the East Jayhawk Conference Player of the Year, and head coach Ben Conrad was selected the EJC Coach of the Year as announced by the conference Saturday. JCCC freshman guard Timeka O'Neal and sophomore forward Kathleen Brisbane joined Harden as an all-conference selection. The All-East Jayhawk basketball teams are voted on by the league coaches.
Conrad, who also earned the conference Coach of the Year honors in 2010 and 2012, led JCCC to a 30-2 record, a second straight East Jayhawk Conference title and No. 1 ranking in the final NJCAA Division II poll. This is Conrad's fourth straight 30-win season, which ties him with former Seward County coach Jim Littell for most consecutive 30-win season in Kansas Jayhawk Conference history. Conrad is 143-28 (.836) in his five seasons at Johnson County.
Harden, a transfer from the University of Oklahoma and graduate of St. Thomas Aquinas, became the first JCCC player to be selected as the conference's top player. Harden averaged 14.3 points on 47 percent shooting, including 43 percent from 3-point range, to go with 4.1 rebounds, 3.0 assists and 2.5 steals. She ranks third in the conference in scoring, first in 3-point accuracy, first in free throw accuracy (.791), fourth in 3-point fields made (53) and fourth in steals. Harden reached double figures in 19 games this season, including five of 20 or more points. She averaged 22.5 points in the Region VI Tournament.
O'Neal, formerly of Raytown High School, was named to the league's second-team. O'Neal averaged 10.7 points, 3.4 rebounds, 4.1 assists and 2.0 steals in her first collegiate season. She ranked second in the league in assists and fourth in assist-to-turnover ratio.
Brisbane, formerly of Sumner Academy, was selected as an honorable mention performer. She ranks second on the team in scoring (10.8) and in rebounding (6.1).Brisbane scored in double figures 17 times this season, and 21 times over her career. She shot 55 percent from the field, which ranked her third in the conference. She also finished fourth all-time at JCCC in career field goal accuracy at .538. Brisbane helped JCCC post a 62-5 record over her two seasons with the Lady Cavaliers, and win back-to-back conference titles for the first time in team history.