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Yesterday, I posted about the presentation of Columbia University's Rudy Leibel on how losing weight results in a hypometabolic and orexogenic response mediated largely by a fall in plasma leptin levels that, as a rule, accompany any attempt at reducing fat stores.
This post elicited a number of responses that I will try to address in this follow-up post.
Several readers wanted to know whether there is a way to readjust your 'leptin sensitivity' so that the brain no longer wants to restore body weight to pre-weight loss levels.
The short answer is 'no'. Although there are several proposed strategies (special diets, refeeding days, exercise strategies, etc.) floating around in the popular literature, there is very little scientific evidence that this can actually be done. The sad fact is that anyone, who has ever lost weight, has to continue with efforts to keep it off – this includes people who have had bariatric surgery, who if they ever decide to reverse their surgery – will rapidly gain their weight back (even after years of keeping it off). This, by the way, is why bariatric surgery has to be seen as a definitive and permanent solution and why temporary devices like gastric balloons, which have to be eventually removed, are not a permanent treatment for obesity.
Another reader wanted to know, that if this was true, why some people are successful in maintaining long-term weight loss.
The answer to this is that these individuals somehow manage to continue their efforts (whatever those may be) in the long-term. The best studied group of individuals who have succeeded in the long-term are perhaps those represented by the National Weight Control Registry, who, using various strategies manage to reduce their caloric intake to about 1400 KCal (the same amount that is effectively eaten by successful post-bariatric surgery patients) combined with considerable amounts of exercise (upto 400 KCal worth every day). Such ongoing efforts are clearly beyond what most people can do without completely changing their lives. So, what the NWC participants actually demonstrate, is not so much that sustaining weight loss is possible but rather that this requires an almost 'superhuman' effort (some would say 'obsession') – indeed the NWC registrants represent a rare minority of people attempting to lose weight by diet and exercise alone (the NWC registry has a few thousand registrants compared to the tens of millions who try losing weight every year).
Finally, some readers wondered about 'leptin resistance', a term often used to describe the fact that obese people apparently need higher circulating levels of leptin (hyperleptinaemia) to suppress their appetite and burn more calories than lean people.
In his talk, Leibel made clear that 'resistance' may not be the best way to describe this phenomenon.
Rather, he preferred to refer to an elevated leptin 'threshold', implying that there is an upward shift in the levels of leptin required to suppress the orexogenic and hypometabolic response elicited by caloric restriction.
Leibel prefers the term threshold, because even in people with a high threshold (i.e. obesity), once you have administered enough leptin to restore baseline levels and suppress the orexogenic response that follows weight loss, there is no further decrease in appetite, even at higher leptin doses. This is why simply injecting additional leptin into a person who is at their usual weight (i.e. prior to weight loss) has little to no effect on appetite, which incidentally, is exactly why leptin does not produce weight loss and would not meet thergulatory criteria for as a weight-loss drug (the rare exception being in individuals who are born with a genetic lack of leptin).
Perhaps the difference between 'resistance' and 'threshold' can best be understood by comparing leptin to insulin. In people who are resistant to insulin (e.g. patients with type 2 diabetes), you can 'overcome' this resistance by simply injecting increasing amounts of insulin. Even in the most insulin-resistant individual, you can eventually lower blood glucose levels by injecting more insulin – if you inject too much, these individuals will experience hypoglycemia, i.e. experience the physiological impact of too much insulin.
In contrast, the hypometabolic and orexogenic state following weight loss will respond to leptin injections only up to a dose that is just high enough to restore pre-weight-loss levels (the threshold level) – adding additional leptin will not increase metabolism or suppress appetite further.
Thus, while people with insulin resistance will respond to increasing doses of insulin to the point of hypoglycemic shock, people with an elevated leptin threshold will achieve a maximum metabolic and anorexogenic response (albeit at higher levels than people with a lower threshold) beyond which leptin has no further effect.
This may seem like a 'semantic' distinction but from a treatment perspective (and the science behind it), this difference is substantial and explains why high doses of insulin can always be used to treat diabetes even in the most insulin-resistant individual whereas leptin only works upto the point where it restores levels to the respective (pre-weight loss) threshold.
Obviously, the key question is why some people have a higher leptin threshold or rather why this threshold (that can also be thought of as the famous 'set point') only seems to move in one direction (namely to higher levels) and then becomes permanent (unless it is moved to even higher levels by weight gain).
As Leibel explained, the reason that this leptin threshold appears permanent, may be due to the fact that it becomes 'hardwired' into the brain – a process that is essentially irreversible (perhaps with the exception of patients with cancer cachexia). It is therefore perhaps not surprising that it actually takes neurosurgery (in animal experiments) to 'reverse' this threshold – an approach that is clearly not feasible in humans.
Several readers also asked whether leptin is available and whether it works in humans to help keep weight off – more on this topic tomorrow.
In the meantime, here is a link to a previous post on Leibels 'Threshold Theory'.
Edmonton, Alberta
17 Responses to "Why Hyperleptinaemia is Not Leptin Resistance"
Pam says:
May 19th, 2011 at 7:18 amGiven what you have said about leptin, IS THERE NO HOPE for people who have dropped weight and want to keep it off?
You seem to imply we're all condemned by the leptin hardwiring.
Please explain what YOU would recommend for maintaining a weight loss?
thanks so much
DebraSY says:
May 19th, 2011 at 8:38 amWith all due respect to the NWCR, I am in my sixth year as a registrant with that organization. I think they've nailed our exercise, but they do NOT ask the right questions regarding our food intake. They only have one fill-in-the-dot-with-a-#2-pencil question regarding salad intake, for example, and most of us, I would guess, are crazy salad eaters — and some of those salads are meal sized, others are side-items, and they need to be part of the analysis. If other NWCR registrants are like me, they use sparing amounts of full-fat, home-made dressing, but we really don't know that, because the NWCR isn't asking. And yet, they have concluded that we eat a 1300-calorie, low fat diet. (Note: my research of the NWCR differs from yours by 100 kcal.)
My daily kcal intake is closer to 1800 per day. The NWCR has NEVER asked how many calories I think I take in. They ask several pages of multiple choice questions and give limited response options, then deduce our calorie intake. They also don't ask about the "quality" of our food — whether it's organic, or whether we avoid other potential obesogens (microwaving in plastic, etc.). I've made several posts about the NWCR at my blog. Other maintainers have responded at how frustrated they get with the NWCR forms, too.
Despite its weaknesses, I do want the NWCR to continue its work. I think it is useful, and I think it's the only think tank that is studying the true "experts" (while others love to bloviate about us, knowing NOTHING). However, the NWCR is far from perfect. It needs to clean up its database (they don't check out our contact people to weed out participants who may be stretching the truth), it needs to make its database available to empirical researchers (like Leibel), and, most importantly, it needs to adopt a more disinterested and scientific vantage point. It was founded in 1993 by weight-loss optimists with the goal of proving that weight loss maintenance was possible through persistent behavior modification. The fact that the database grew to about 6,000 people, then topped out and grew no more (those signing on are balanced by those dropping off) may be telling them that they have found a null answer to their hypothesis, and yet they aren't acknowledging that possibility. Some of their scientists are more objective than others; however, some of their scientists speak publicly as maintenance promoters, not scholars. One of the two lead scientists, for example, last I checked her Vita, had a private contract with SlimFast in addition to her NWCR work. That's a conflict of interest, in my book (and I hope she's dropped it). A radio station was running a lengthy "interview" with her via podcast in which she was clearly promoting maintenance, not illuminating it.
They have run fMRI tests on some participants, and concluded that we respond differently to food cues. That is the ONLY empirical research they've done, to my knowledge. (I would LOVE to be corrected on that score!) Everything else is survey based and in need of more fine tuning (IMHO), while empirical research is virtually nonexistent. Why are we not giving blood and urine samples? And most frustrating, why are we being used to advance the cultural mythology that it's all just a zippy "lifestyle," when 97 percent of people cannot do it. Yeesh.
(Thank you for the opportunity to rant.)
fredt says:
May 19th, 2011 at 9:01 amA major change of lifestyle has been the major factor in my recovery from obesity. The major change has been to go to a Paleo style diet. No trans-fats, sugar, grains, seed oils, or manufactured eatable products would go a long way in cleaning up this obesity epidemic. Other issues like food addiction, hyperinsulinemia, and no impulse control would then be obvious. Eat real food that would be recognized 100 years ago. Fruit, mainly in local season.
Some Paleos also exclude all or most dairy, and legumes. Reference: Loren Cordain
There is a second way in dealing with hyperinsulinemia, and that is to cut insulinogenic foods: sugars, grains, seed oils, manufactured eatable products, dairy, legumes, and fruits. When we remove the excess insulin, we can see the leptin, and gain the leptin effect. Also chew a Vitamin C tablet after meals, as it aids in satiety and satiation.
Rosemary Dinsdale says:
May 19th, 2011 at 9:09 amFrom the article
"The best studied group of individuals who have succeeded in the long-term are perhaps those represented by the National Weight Control Registry, who, using various strategies manage to reduce their caloric intake to about 1400 KCal (the same amount that is effectively eaten by successful post-bariatric surgery patients) combined with considerable amounts of exercise (up to 400 KCal worth every day). Such ongoing efforts are clearly beyond what most people can do without completely changing their lives. "In my humble opinion, I think the last sentence clearly is the "magic pill" to lose weight and keep it off, you MUST completely change your life. I have worked with small changes over the last six months (with the help of the wonderful people at Weightwise) and slowly these changes have become like second nature. It is only when the changes become your new lifestyle permanently that you "may" be able to maintain your lower weight.
When I began this effort last year, I was short of breath on walking any distance and could not walk up stairs normally. I did not believe I could change. I have lost weight very slowly, less than one pound a week, and have increased my physical activity equally as slowly. I have lost close to 30 pounds and am no longer getting short of breath and can walk up one flight of stairs normally. The benefits of my lifestyle changes have made exercise easier (and fun) and saying no to extra servings and high calorie foods and finding a more healthy alternative a common choice for me now. These results fuel my motivation to continue. I believe in myself now. This mindset is crucial in making my lifestyle changes permanent. Its not a diet anymore. Its a new way of living my life.
Thanks for listening
Rosemary -
DebraSY says:
May 19th, 2011 at 9:44 amI correct myself: Rena Wing not only promotes maintenance, but pushes for weight loss: http://www.lifespan.org/svclines/betterhealth/doc_chats/wing.htm
I believe this interview happened in 2007, but it remains on the Lifespan website. Please, tell me that's not her decision, that she's waking up now and this interview embarrasses her.
Her financial connection to SlimFast may be old — 2001 — though she promotes the product in the above sited interview in 2007.
anon says:
May 19th, 2011 at 11:12 pmso why aren't all women toddling around at term pregnancy weight?
Anonymous says:
May 20th, 2011 at 8:59 amThis information needs to be as widely publicized as the connection between smoking and lung cancer.
People need to know that they are not merely adding uncomfortable and unfashionable bulk when they gain weight, they are damaging their metabolisms – and the metabolic damage is permanent.
Weight gain is sneaky. It is easy to put on a couple of pounds and rationalize that you can lose them "later", and those pounds just keep sneaking on, a few imperceptible ounces at a time.
PREVENTION is key now that we know damage is permanent. Doctors should warn patients (especially those a little overweight) to carefully monitor weight, and avoid ever becoming obese, making very clear the permanent damage caused by obesity and the many health consequences.
Of course, there will be complaints that we shouldn't focus on "ideal" weight, or that BMI isn't a good measure, or that "health" is important and weight is irrelevant … etc, etc, – any excuse to not control weight.
Maybe the Obesity Network could develop information pamphlets explicitly detailing the medical problems of overweight for doctors to give to patients. The pamphlets could be in waiting rooms along with the other info pamphlets on everything from diabetes to STD's to flu shots, etc.
Here in NS there's a campaign on now to get tested for colo-rectal cancer by sending stool samples to be tested. There should be a similar campaign to promote self-testing for weight control – and, wonder of wonders, no high tech lab is required – the bathroom scale, and a consultation with one's doctor to determine a good weight to maintain, and we have a simple early warning system for a medically serious problem.
Monitoring weight and being warned of trouble is as important as testing for colo-rectal cancer. The campaign to monitor and control weight for medical reasons should have just the same public profile – clever TV ads, signs on busses, newspaper ads.
The weight chart for my group (5'4″ women) allows for a 30 lb range of healthy weight. That's plenty of room for individual variation, so a medical warning level can allow for that. There is a point at which overweight becomes a medical problem, and a public campaign is needed to make that as serious as other medical problems. (There are still people who think overweight is just an image or fashion or discrimination problem.)
Maybe as well as a yearly flu shot campaign, we can have a yearly weight control campaign. There's a month for many diseases, surely a problem with the ramifications of the obesity epidemic deserves its time in the spotlight!
The goal could be not on weight loss, but on knowing your weight, knowing whether or not it's healthy, and planning to check in during next year's campaign to see if your medical situation has changed. Ads can emphasize the variation in healthy weight in individuals while being clear and graphic about the damage obesity does to health. Of course the campaign would have to offer good advice to people who want to take the lesson to heart and improve their health, so the Obesity Network would have to have evidence-based approaches ready to offer.
(The Canada Food Guide should include calories. Otherwise the yearly weight control campaign would have to state that the food guide is inadequate for weight control, and the campaign could provide proper food plans to control weight by taking calories etc into account.)
DeeLeigh says:
May 21st, 2011 at 12:40 amAnonymous, you are really determined to lay blame, aren't you? You're just convinced that fat people are lazy and self indulgent.
Some of our bodies are naturally much heavier than average. I was raised with a weight loss "lifestyle" and became fat in spite of it. I wore a size 20 in seventh grade. Are you saying that primary school me or the thin, health nut mom who raised me were responsible for the fact that I was heavy? No, I don't think so. My dad and his siblings all have maximum weights well over 300 pounds (although the previous, non-dieting generation in that family was my size). Being heavier than average isn't always about "letting yourself go." Some of us were never thin. And, you can't necessarily keep someone who's predisposed to be heavy from gaining weight. Believe me, my mom tried.
I don't think I damaged my metabolism. I think I started out with a body that thought it was supposed to weigh around 200 pounds and was willing to make whatever adjustments it had to in order to enforce that. And luckily for me, although my body won't maintain anything under 180 pounds, it also has no interest in weighing more than 220. I'm pretty sure that when I get close to 220, my metabolism speeds up and I stop absorbing all the calories from the food I eat. My body actually resists weight gain when it's near the top of its set range. (and maybe that's the phenomenon that scientists should be looking at if they want to make everyone thin – weight gain resistance rather than weight loss resistance)
That 30-pound "healthy weight range" does NOT provide enough room for individual variation, and weight is not hard-wired to health or level of fitness, so I don't think there's a need to define a universal "healthy weight range" at all. It may be true that people each tend to have a 30-pound healthy weight range, but it varies widely by individual and may also change over time. The only thing BMI is good for is looking at population-level risks. It doesn't say anything about an individual.
DeeLeigh says:
May 21st, 2011 at 12:52 amOh – and obviously the discussion about the role of leptin in preventing weight gain is exactly what this post is about. But, there's more to it than leptin. Leptin may help prevent the panic reaction that take place when bodies lose fat stores. However, what is it that makes bodies resist weight gain? A lot of thin people's bodies do resist weight gain, and fat people with stable weight ranges (like me) experience the same thing. However, I think it's safe to assume that most of the patients that consult a obesity specialist have never experienced this, and so obesity specialists may not even be aware that it exists. My advice: study the thin people who have trouble gaining weight and see how they differ from people who have to work to prevent weight gain.
I'm convinced that this hasn't been studied because very few people are willing to acknowledge how important individual biological differences (as opposed to eating habits) are in weight variation.
Mark says:
May 24th, 2011 at 9:10 am"Although there are several proposed strategies (special diets, refeeding days, exercise strategies, etc.) floating around in the popular literature, there is very little scientific evidence that this can actually be done."
I would definitely agree with this statement.
But there is some literature demonstrating that increases in insulin can increase leptin (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9276727). My guess is that in the popular literature the assertion is that carbs will increase insulin and this will increase leptin which leads to the concept of refeeds.
While there is currently no evidence to support the concept of refeeds, does this mean that they are not effective or that they simply have not been studied?
Holly says:
May 27th, 2011 at 11:09 amI believe Leibel's Threshold Theory is seriously flawed. Leptin is a hormone and like all the other hormones, there is "cross talk" feedback amongst them. Meaning, there are multiple pathways to get the message delivered. Research shows that there are links between Leptin, Insulin, Cortisol, Estrogen, Vitamin D and other hormones. Trying to control only one, without finding a balance amongst all the others makes no sense. That is why there is no single pill to lose weight.
I will shortly reach my 8th year of keeping 70 pounds off, I am no longer obese and have a healthy BMI of 21-22 with a 25% body fat content. I eat 1600 -2200 calories a day based on my activity level. I stay active, but don't live in a gym. I have learned over the years which starchy carbs give me problems and which foods to eat to reduce the effects of stress. I am not diabetic, but still have a low thyroid, which is turning around.
Yes there are lifestyle changes to be made, like getting enough sleep, eating breakfast, finding your own carb/protein/fat intake balance, consuming more fiber, staying active, drinking more water…all the things we are told to do to lose weight. It is a process, it does take time, and as one ages and life events occur, what one eats and how much also changes.
Carol says:
August 24th, 2011 at 10:44 pmI don't know if you will see this Holly, but I want to say thanks so much for posting… I need to lose about 50-60 lbs and after reading this article was ready to throw in the towel.
I have been following a Paleo way of eating as described above for 3.5 mos and have lost only 7 lbs. I just had extensive blood work done and am working with a medical group that specializes in hormone balancing.
My leptin is 34 and my RT3 is 24… I am hypothyroid (given that I first became overweight at 7 yo, I have probably been hypothy most of my life)… I have lost wt three or four times in my life… usually by using stimulants or by extreme amounts of exercise (as a geologist, I used to do field work all day and that did the trick…. + stims)… however, for the past 20 yrs I reached my set point level of around 240… I never seem to go any higher than that.
I eat less than my thin friends… they always remark on that… and my thin boyfriend years ago also observed that "you don't eat very much." I have never been a binger or really an overeater at all. When I was younger, I probably did consume too many refined carbohydrates… but don't eat them at all now.
All that to say that I am trying so hard to reverse the weight gain and not wind up like my poor morbidly obese mom who had an autoimmune thyroid disease and then was not given proper medication and subsequently she became quite obese… if I only knew then what I have learned in the last 2 mos. she would have had a much better life (by having proper thyroid meds and probably adrenal hormones as well.)
I have just been prescribed time release T3 as well as other supplements and adrenal support supplements to turn my situation around.
I came to this site because of a search for leptin resistance treatment… and was thoroughly depressed… so thanks again Holly for your post…. it gives me hope.
asweight loss icons and blinkies says:
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Fat Anorexic says:
July 17th, 2013 at 11:51 amThis research really illustrates how the field of medicine simply does not yet understand why humans gain (or fail to lose) weight. The old "calories in/calories out" model is simply not supported by the evidence. In addition, as this research suggests, we only have a shaky understanding of the interrelatedness of metabolism, hormones, and weight gain/loss.
For this reason, I think it is the responsibility of knowledgeable members of the medical profession to no longer allow medical research to support larger social prejudice against people who are fat. Medical professionals who now see that fat has many more causes than gluttony or sloth should be speaking out on behalf of a class of people who have been maligned and mistreated for too long. Eugenics was the medical representation of social fears against race and class in the early 20th century. "Obesity research" is the eugenics of our time.
I speak as a woman who gains weight at 1200 calories a day with a half hour of vigorous exercise. I must eat around 400 calories a day to lose any substantial amounts of weight over the long term. To maintain my weight I must eat around 800 calories a day (no carbs, lots of veggies, lean protein, no fat). No doctor will believe me. And, by the way, my thyroid levels are relatively normal.
If I weighed 100 pounds, the DSM would classify me as anorexic. Because I weigh nearly double that, I am told by doctors I should go on a diet. It's exhausting, quite literally.
Alie J says:
August 10th, 2013 at 11:40 amThis is interesting.
I have been overweight in the past but for for very long so I suspect whether you can keep the weight off or not is dependant on how long you've been overweight for.
I had a BMI of 26.5 and initially lost weight using low carb diet and maintained a healthy weight for about a year. I then developed anorexia nervosa. I got to a BMI of 17.5 eating 1500kCal per day and exercising intensively, so much so I became injured and could no longer exercise so cut to under 1000 but was overestimating so the real figure was lower. I got to a BMI of 16.5 on that intake, very quickly and felt cold tired and weak.
In recovery I went through a period of binge eating but I didn't become overweight again. My body resisted the weight gain when I was eating a lot, probably as much as 8000 per day. I began to feel very hot all the time. I did not become overweight again though, my appetite normalised when my BMI got to the middle of the healthy range and I'm now eating without restriction and my weight seems to be stable.
I still have a little too much abdominal fat but the body tends to put the fat around the internal organs to protect them which is normal after starvation. I intend maintaining my weight because if I tried to loose, I wouldn't be able to stop and malnutrition is far more unhealthy than my current weight.
What interests me is someone who has a high leptin threshold and is maintaining a lower weight, typically employs similar methods as someone with anorexia nervosa to maintain a lower weight. There also seems to be psychological and behavioural parallels too: preoccupation with food, restricting calories or cutting out food groups, purging excess calories with intensive exercise and occasional periods of binge eating. This is can't be good for ones mental health so yes you can maintain a lower weight but is it worth the physiological problems that come with it?
Surely gastric bypass surgery or (hopefully if it becomes accepted) leptin supplementation are more healthy and sustainable alternatives?
Lisa truitt says:
September 26th, 2013 at 3:25 pmDon't believe this balderdash that if you gain weight the damage is permanent and there is nothing you can do. This is what the pharma medical industrial complex wants you to believe so that the only solutions are those that make them lots of money like gastric bypass and numerous drugs.


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Our bright and airy dining room offers a relaxed atmosphere in which to enjoy a choice of dishes from our daily changing menus, reservation is required prior to arrival.
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Never Shout Never's Christofer Drew on his new band and helping out his home town
Never Shout Never used to be a band of one -- namely, Christofer Drew, the teenage singer-songwriter who began relaying fantastic love songs to his MySpace masses in 2007. Now, at twenty years of age, the Joplin, Missouri, native has given his music a new life and brought in a full band of friends to be permanent members of the project. We spoke with Drew, who plays tomorrow night at Summit Music Hall with A Rocket to the Moon, Carter Hulsey and Plug in Stereo, about writing songs with other people and how his home town is faring after the devastating tornado in May.
Westword: After playing and writing on your own for so many albums, why did you decide to expand Never Shout Never into a full band?
Christofer Drew: It just seemed kind of logical at this point. I finally got the band down to people from Joplin, people that I grew up with -- people that I've been playing music with since I was thirteen. We have so many other projects going on. I'm working on a DJ project right now, and a couple other things by myself. I just feel like Never Shout Never is more efficient as a full band. It's also more fun taking photos and making videos with my buddies; I like having a little team instead of just being the center of attention all the time. That can get overbearing at times, you know?
It's been a crazy journey, but I've learned a lot. This band is at a really good point right now. We're all just feeling really good about what we're about to put out -- this new record [Time Travel, which came out on September 20], and this tour. We are stoked about it. For a while it was hard to get stoked about Never Shout Never stuff because it was kind of turning into a little gimmick. So I thought, "Man what do we do next?" Adding a full band just kind of made sense. It's a nice, transitional move.
What was it like making a record that other people had a say in this time?
In the past, I've [worked with] Caleb [Denison], who plays drums. I've had him come and do a lot of artwork on the old records and stuff. It was nice writing the parts together, though, instead of me coming up with a part and trying to translate it with them. I would just step away for a while and be like, "Yo, have some fun with the guitar work." Hayden [Kaiser, guitar] and Caleb would get together and write parts, and then I'd come back in and say, "That part is sick" or "We can probably ditch that part." We produced it together, a team effort. It was a lot better, because I feel like the more minds you put into something, the more likely it is to become something really great.
I learned a whole bunch on this record, too. I would always want to learn the parts once [the band] would write something on guitar. It helped me. My skills have definitely been honed on this record, especially with keyboards, me playing piano and laying down a lot of synth work. That was exciting for me, because I've never really done that seriously before.
Your lyrics are intensely personal. What was it like bringing these words to other people in the creative process?
This record was actually super chill when it came to writing lyrics. I free-form wrote a lot of stuff. I just kind of write whatever feels right in the moment. On this record, especially, I didn't have a lot of lyrics written before we went into the studio. I just had a chorus and some chords for the verse, and stuff like that. I'd get in the vocal booth and start spitting shit out on the spot for a lot of the verses. We'd just keep what we liked from each part and fill in the song until it was there.
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Apple has been granted a patent to create 'clones' of online identity, in an effort to protect user privacy; the clone is a shadow identity that has just enough correct information to be believable. Mac Observer


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AirTalk for May 1, 2012
How loud is too loud for your restaurant pleasure?
Muy Yum/Flickr (cc by nc/nd)
Inside Bottega Louie, regarded as one of Los Angeles' loudest restaurants.
The valet is free and fast. The hostess seats you right away. The server is tuned in to your mood. And most important, the chef has crafted an inspired menu.
But the acoustics? Can you even hear yourself chew?
Off-Ramp producer Kevin Ferguson took a decibel reader to downtown restaurant Bottega Louie and says, "It was as loud as a working factory."
Does that make for a fun atmosphere? Are quiet restaurants a bore? What's your ideal decibel reading for dining?


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Whether you believe the top at the end of Inception fell down or continued spinning infinitely, you have to admit that this electromagnetic spinning top is quite an inventive movie-inspired toy. Just watch the video and you'll see how, once in motion, this top doesn't stop and will continue spinning on even when it's been forcefully toppled over.
The electromagnetic spinning top comes courtesy of Conscious Flesh. They explain that, "Inside the brass top there is a small neodymium magnet which interacts with the coil hidden inside the wooden box. The circuit detects the position of the magnet and generates the magnetic pulse when the magnet is aligned correctly." That may have been a little confusing to take in, but so was the entire plot of Inception.
The electromagnetic spinning top is capable of spinning over 10 hours using only four AA batteries.


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On 03-06-2008 09:39:46 +0200, Fabian Groffen wrote: > Since we're rsync based, I can avoid taking an entirely new snapshot > (with the risk of it being broken) but just update certain things only. > So I guess I'll do that in this case to add in OpenSolaris support. I already added a new snapshot yesterday, but I found an annoying problem in gcc-4.2.3 that is fixed in 4.2.4 that is exposed during the bootstrap process. Todays snapshot should finally be it! (This is mutt from my OpenSolaris/Solaris 11 machine with Vim) -- Fabian Groffen Gentoo on a different level -- email@example.com mailing list
Updated Jun 17, 2009
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Swaying worked for us!
Posts: 765
Joined 22-Oct-09
So I feel like a HORRIBLE mom. Iam 24 right now....25 in August. I have 3 kids 3 and under. Crazy eh? lol. To make things worse I look REALLLY young. I mean I look like Iam about 18 or 19. I had my DD on my 21st b-day...then DS1 at 22 and DS2 a few weeks ago at 24. As Iam pushing DS2 through stores I get all the oooos and awwws over him and then the magical question comes up, "he is your first!?" 90% of the time I says, "no my 3rd. I have a girl and boy at home." then I get "the look" almost like "wow...cant you find something better to do with your time then procreate?!" i hate it. It makes me embassased that ppl think I have sex all the time....or even that iam young that iam possibly unmarried and have different dads. I AM married...and they ALL have the same dad. Not only that I can afford to have my kids. A few times I have lied and said, "yes hes my 1st!" or just admitted to 2 kids. Again, most of the time I tell the truth...but I just hate that look.
Any other young moms get judged like this?
It started with a kiss, and ended up like this...
(36)+(25) = (4), (2), ( 1), and born 3-11-11
Luck was on my side, both sways for boys worked!
Yes, Iam a proud boy mom who would gladly have 50 boys!
Posts: 1,207
Joined 26-Nov-07
If you hold your head up high and say "I have 3 lovely children and I am very, very happy" then hopefully you won't get anyone else giving you negative comments.
Posts: 7,719
Joined 23-Aug-06
i had 4 by the time i was 24 and also looked incredibly young, one time i was in a taxi with my mum, i had 2 kids at tis stage, and the taxi driver piped up with " got the day off school eh?" lol
i just said yeah....better than the shocked look/remarks!
so now i get comments on how many children i have!! i still cringe when someone asks how many children i have...i know whats coming next...
Posts: 419
Joined 25-Jan-10
I CAN COMPLETELY RELATE. I had my first at 23 second at 25 and third at 27 (now I'm 29), so not quite so young as you but I am always asked why I had my kids so young.... I look like I'm about 18-19. I work part time and at first everyone thought I was just finished school! Then they found out I have 3 kids and thats when the looks started.
I am constantly saying I'm alot older than I look... I tell them I'm nearly 30 and that I'll be loving it when I'm 50 coz I'll look 30 finally!
I love my family more than anything and my age has nothing to do with that. You should be proud to be a young mum. At least we'll be around (and still capable) to run and play with our grand children when they come.
Its a pain but its life (never be ashamed) and some people are born to be mums no matter what age. Well done for finding your dreams before its too late to chase them.
7 5 3... and due Oct 31st 2011
All pink guesses on nub @ 12weeks... Confirmed pink 16+6... 19+5... 29+2...and 30+4...
Posts: 4,119
Joined 11-Feb-09
OMG I would snapped out. Why is it any of their business how many kids u have? You take care of them, whats it to them? You shouldnt be ashamed, my kids are spaced out in age but I wish they were close in age like yours.
, , and - Thank you GOD and IG
My Sway with ds#1
Posts: 1,131
Joined 31-Jan-10
I know the situation me and my now husband were both in high school when we found out i was pregnant i was just 18 we both kept studying and i had my first little boy at the end of our final year ,,,
DH then went on to uni or in America they call it college and got his degree and while he was studying for his degree the uni were so impressed with him that they gave him a full time job as the networks specialist for the uni so we were set he was just 19 ,,,, we were financially secure and very much a happy loving family so decided to give ds1 a little brother or sister ds2 was born when i was 22 ,,,,, now I'm 24 and expecting number 3 , we bought our first house last year and are living like any normal family would my kids have everything they need we aren't some "breeders" or irresponsible people we are a regular hard working tax paying family ,,, just a little younger than the norm but i think that shows just how hard we have worked
BUT....... we still get looked at because of our age as under achievers as irresponsible people who blindly have children,,,, people often give us that look of disgust when they notice our age , we often get the comments how many more kids are you planning to have with that judgmental tone or older mums at the school will try to act like they are better more wealthy etc just because they are older little do they know in allot of cases our family is financially better off then theres I'm so sick of being judged by a number
allot of times i think their nastiness comes from jealousy i think it makes them feel uncomfortable to see a young woman succeeding at something they didn't think they would be able to handle at the same age and/or sometimes they are not doing so well in their on lives and seeing somebody younger not struggling makes them insecure and allot of people also need to look down on someone in order to feel good
lol RANT OVER
7 3 1
Posts: 1,266
Joined 17-Feb-10
by december this year i will have 5 children 5yrs and under i will be 23yrs old
mine are also with the same father and i used to fell embarrased.
i dont waste my energy now........i no in my heart my children are well cared for and happy so i really dont care what people think of it.
20052006200820092010 and another boy completed our family in 2013
Thanks guys! You're right about the "at least we'll be young enough to enjoy our grandkids and chase everyone around." It does take ALOT of enegry...enegry I honestly dont know i would have at 35+. To make matters worse DH is 12 years older then me and looks a little older then that (hes 36) because hes losing his hair (shhhh he thinks I havent noticed! ). This one lady at Wal Mart was telling me my kids had big beautiful blue eys...but she said "They look JUST LIKE your dad!" My Hubby turns around soooo fast! I laughed and said "no hes my husband...but i dont blame you, i look young" DH was so offended but didnt say anything, lol. I guess she assumed I was his kid from maybe a high school "oops" and then my kids were my siblings?! I dunno....I can only imagine what people think in their heads and dont say.
Posts: 1,144
Joined 23-Oct-06
I'm 29 with 5, I get it ALL the time!!! I also look really young, and I always get "these aren't all your's are they?"
Yes they're all mine...and it's usually followed by "do they all have the same dad?"
My answer to that one depends on my mood. They all do have the same dad, but sometimes if I'm pissy I'll say they all have a different Father and walk away!!
Mom toand ( 2 succuessful sways)
Posts: 18,080
Joined 9-Dec-08
I can totally relate, as I also had three kids before I was 25. I have heard it all...My favorite was when people would say "Oh, you must be the baby sitter", and the look on their faces when I would correct them The stigma of young mothers is really upsetting for those that it does not apply to. I may have passed that stage, but now I get (not often, thankfully), weird looks and comments at my large family, and even more so when I tell people that we aren't done. It's hard, but the only thing you can really do is hold your head up and be proud. You should never feel ashamed because of the actions or words of others. It's their problem, not yours.
'00 '02 '04 '06 '09 UC '12 UC 12/13 Due 4/15
Posts: 895
I HATE how young i look. ok I guess i am young at 22 (just turned 22 end of april!) But i always feel like im getting judged on it. Me and my OH planned this 2nd baby (1st was a suprise!!) and when we told family some of them didnt seem happy for us or even congratulate us. We got afew "god you must be mad having another so soon" and it really upset me. People treat me like a child too sometimes and that really winds me up. I reacon if i was in my late 20's people wouldnt say half the stuff they say to me We can afford our babies. We have a good income, support ourselves with no help and i dont mean to sound big headed but im a brilliant mum, My daughter has everything she needs and more! Yes i may be 22 but im very mature, i know what i want in life and that is my perfect family and my 2 perfect girls! I wouldnt change my life for anything! Sorry im rambling on now! I just wish i had the same respect no matter what my age! It's none of their buisness how old i am when i have my kids! As long as i can love them and give them everything they need then who gives a....!!!!!! I'll shut up now lol!!!!
Posts: 7,856
Joined 23-Jan-07
I'm sorry ppl make you feel not so great about having 3 children. I love the looks I get from ppl when they know how old I am and I tell them I have 4 kids! I had 3 when I was 27 (ppl usually think I'm under 25). my MIL is about the only one who thinks I'm wonderful for having so many kids....I'm helping the population in her opinion.
Sometimes on the way to a dream, you get lost and find a better one.
me if you can!
Posts: 4,771
Joined 9-Aug-09
I think it's awesome you have 3 kids at 24. Ihad my Ds at 23 and I would love to have 1 or 2 more by now. There's no magical age, you sound like a good mom and that's all that matters! Congrats on your new baby!
- 8.5 weeks 2006, - 2007, - 2012 2+ years of TTC, but you were worth the wait!
Counting my blessings:-)
Posts: 1,286
Joined 15-Dec-09
People are SO RUDE!!! They are probably jealous???!!! Ignore them and be proud to be a young mom
I wish I would have started having children young, DF and I didn't have ds1 until I was 32years old and had ds2 when I was 35years old. Now we are racing the clock to have 2 more chldren in order to have the 4 children we have always wanted.
(2/2005)(5/2008)(5/2011) (Dr pressured me into tubal during csect)
? Boy maker?
Posts: 662
Joined 9-Jul-09


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| Home | Advertise with Us | Circulation | Contact Us | About Us | Send a Letter to the Editor |
Today, over one-third of all marriages end in divorce as reported by the National Center for Health Statistics. Many children now celebrate their holidays under several different roofs and possibly with more than one mom or dad, creating the potential for the holidays to be difficult and stressful times for children and parents of divorce.
These modern times have delivered to us the alternative family, including but not limited to ex-spouses, step-parents, and step-siblings. During the holiday season, children and families may experience confusion, distress, or tension.
In addition to the typical holiday stress, children of divorced families can be under even more anxiety and grief. Often, the holidays are a time for reminiscing. Many children find it difficult to cope with memories of when their parents were together. Marriage and family therapists can help parents and their children create a season that reignites a sense of excitement, celebration, and joy.
Here are some tips from The California Association of
Marriage and Family Therapists to help these children enjoy the holidays:
* Stick with a routine. It is important for children to have a sense of stability and predictability during the holiday season.
* Make a plan. Communicate to your ex-spouse or co-parent beforehand about holiday plans and schedules with your children. For instance, one option can be Christmas Eve with one parent and Christmas Day with another. Also, it is important for co-parents to put their schedules in writing, perhaps facilitated by a divorce lawyer, so there is no confusion about who gets which holiday and when.
* Orchestrate the giving of gifts. Know what the other parent is giving your child and give your gifts accordingly. Avoid double gifts and ones that "out-do" the other parent.
* Above all, let children love their parents. Allow your children to keep in touch with your co-parent even while in your care.
The holidays can be a time for feasting, laughter, and happy memories. Remember, as a parent, you have the responsibility to create for your child a most joyful holiday season, and with the proper support system and professional help, you and your family can celebrate the season with ease and enjoyment.
If you feel you are unable to communicate with your ex-spouse or relatives, family therapy may be the solution. Therapy can address and modify constraints, help family members communicate with one another in a productive way, and develop strategies to solve problems more effectively.


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« September 2005 Table of Contents
Despite higher shipping and labor costs, seafood processors report their sales are on the uptick — for the first time since 1998, when SeaFood Business began surveying processors.Sixty-two percent who responded to this year's survey report their 2004 sales increased over 2003's, while sales remained the same for 20 percent. Compared to 2003, when only 43 percent of processors reported their sales were up, it seems the market has been good for seafood processors over the past year.The greatest gains among companies reporting increased sales were those with revenues over $50 million. Of the 15 percent of companies reporting 2004 sales down from 2003, one-third were small companies with sales under $1 million. And 70 percent of companies reporting increased sales are on the West Coast.This is no surprise to Jim Caito, VP of Caito Fisheries in Fort Bragg, Calif. The Dungeness crab fishery had a banner year, which contributed to record sales for many West Coast processors."That had a lot to do with it. The Japanese market for our fish was better, and we paid more for it, so our sales [in 2004] were good," says Caito.Sales growth in 2004 was not limited to West Coast operations; 57 percent of seafood processors in the South also reported higher sales.Kevin Voisin, director of sales and marketing at Gulf oyster processor Motivatit Seafoods in Houma, La., concurs that the business climate for seafood processors has been good in the past year. Viosin reports 2004 sales were up about 25 percent over 2003."Our profits have outpaced our sales. Our lines have changed, and now we're in higher-end product lines [like the company's signature Gold Band oysters]," he says.While sales are up for many processors, profit margins remain the same. Almost 40 percent of processors say their 2004 profit margin was the same as it was in 2003.Margins for most respondents are 6 to 10 percent, mostly for small and large companies (sales under $1 million or over $50 million).Regulatory grip tightensComplying with government-imposed regulations is part of the daily routine for all seafood processors. Since the Food and Drug Administration made hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) plans mandatory in 1998 and the U.S. Department of Agriculture put Country of Origin Labeling in place earlier this year, seafood processors have had to pay much more attention to product safety and traceability. The added costs of complying with these regulations tightens margins for some processors.Starting with SFB's first survey of this industry segment, processors have had both positive and negative comments about government's increasing involvement in their business.This year we changed several questions to reflect the increasing number of regulations that impact processors' day-to-day operations. It doesn't matter what size the company or what region of the United States it's in, complying with government regulations is clearly the top challenge facing seafood processors.Almost 60 percent of respondents listed this as their top challenge, followed by foreign competition (mentioned by about 43 percent of respondents) and sourcing/product availability (listed by 37 percent).Environmental issues, consolidation and expanding sales were top challenges in 2001 and 2003, but processors consider shipping and labor costs more important challenges in today's business climate.The government regulations that have the greatest impact on processors' operating expenses are HACCP, Country of Origin Labeling and, to a lesser extent, nutritional labeling, bioterrorism and immigration laws that affect their workforce.And while HACCP plays an important role in processors' day-to-day routine, processors we spoke to say it no longer gives them a headache.The shellfish industry, particularly oysters, has been heavily regulated all along, says Motivatit's Voisin."The vice grip is tightening on HACCP, which I think is great. It's a good thing," he says. As an example, he mentions a recent visit from a health inspector who told the company that new HACCP regulations will require refrigerator temperatures to drop from 45 to 40 degrees to address Listeria concerns. Considering live oysters die when stored below 35 degrees, the new regulations will be "interesting" for Motivatit, says Voisin.HACCP compliance is no big problem for Caito Fisheries. The company's biggest challenge is the quotas, gear restrictions and trip/landing limits placed on West Coast groundfish such as rockfish and flatfish, says Jim Caito."HACCP is a paper trail, but the main thing is getting product. The feds are just beating us down," says Caito.With the price of gasoline up to a national average of $2.55 a gallon in late August, shipping costs have been top-of-mind for many processors this summer."Shipping costs are nuts," says Voisin. Gulf oysters, the company's main product, are heavy, which makes shipping costly to begin with. Shipments from Louisiana to Virginia cost the company about $1,200 a few years ago; now the cost has doubled to $2,400.Marketing productsThis year marked the first time we asked processors whether they are co-branding products with another company. Of the almost 84 percent of processors who are branding products, 17 percent are co-branding. Fifty-eight percent of processors are producing private-label products, and 94 percent are marketing their own brand.When it comes to marketing messages used on their product packaging or in marketing literature, half of the processors include harvest region and 43 percent highlight nutritional data. "All natural" is used as a marketing message by 40 percent of respondents, and just 8 percent market a product with eco-certification.Around 14 percent of processors have no marketing message on their products.Seafood processors will continue to face marketing and other issues that affect their bottom line as their customers become more knowledgeable about seafood.MethodologyDiversified Business Communications' Market Research Department conducted the 2005 seafood processor industry survey. The survey was mailed or faxed in early June to a random sample of 1,426 of the magazine's processor readers, targeting buyers or those who influence their companies' seafood buying decisions. A total of 221 surveys were returned, for a response rate of 15.5 percent.Look for the results of our biennial distributor survey in the December issue.


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Read David Yochum's comments on driving the 2008 Land Rover LR2.
After riding in the car to go out to lunch Friday, I took the LR2 out to grab a bite myself and was still disappointed. Power - there hardly was any. Interior fit and finish (especially the edges of the faux wood strips and plastic grab handles) were below what I'd expect for a Land Rover. As for ergonomics, the window open/close buttons are a little out of reach for smaller people and the nav screen has a lot of glare because of the tilt angle.; That said, it still offers a lot of features for a small SUV.


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Using Windows XP SP3. Tried to do a System restore today (which has always worked until today) picked a date, machine went through the motions, showed the progress bar, then restarted. After completing the restart, the message came up: Your computer cannot be restored to (date I chose) No changes have been made to your computer. To chose another restore point, restart Systems Restore. Tried that with a different date with same results. Last time I needed to do a System restore was back in early December and everything worked fine. |
Follow-Up Postings:
I remember having this happen to me some time back. I still don't know why, but I booted into SafeMode and was able to do the System Restore. You might give that a try and see if it works for you. |
Sorry I can't help with your question, but I'd like to ask why it might be that Restore is a monthly event for your PC? It should be needed rarely if ever. |
- Posted by fruitjarfla (My Page) on Fri, Jan 24, 14 at 9:11
Searched --unable to do a system restore xp computer --. Got a Microsoft answer: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/302796 |
Here is a link that might be useful: MS' answer for the problem.
Thanks fruitjarfla I'll try what they suggest. |
- Posted by Montreal300 (My Page) on Sat, Jan 25, 14 at 13:33
Last time that happened to me it was a virus that prevented a system restore. |
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Government says design could become an extra-curricular subject
The Department for Education says there are still no plans to include design and creative subjects in the reformed National Curriculum, suggesting that they could instead form part of extra-curricular activities.
Source: BSFinHull
The DfE has responded to a letter sent by Design Week to Education Secretary Michael Gove last month, which urged him to include design and creative subjects in the EBacc measurements.
The EBacc measurement currently focuses on just five pillars of study: maths, English, sciences, languages and humanities, and the proposed English Baccalaureate Certificates, which could replace GCSEs in 2017, would also exclude design.
The DfE letter says, 'The National Curriculum is being reformed to give teachers greater flexibility over how to teach, so more children can be inspired by great teaching in subjects like art and music.
'But there is no intention to remove, or downgrade, any cultural subject from within the National Curriculum.'
However, it does not suggest that design and creative subjects would be included in the future curriculum, instead saying that they might form part of extra-curricular activities.
The DfE says, 'Schools which do well in the English Baccalaureate tend also to devote considerable time and care to artistic and cultural education.
'Ministers believe that there is plenty of time in the school day and school week to complement the English Baccalaureate subjects with artistic and cultural subjects.'
The DfE adds that 'many of the subjects in the English Baccalaureate do have huge cultural importance', citing English, languages and classics.
It also says that EBCs are intended to be 'tests of academic knowledge' and as such creative subjects might not naturally fit into their structure. It says it is working with the Arts Council to look at ways to assess these subjects.
The department also pointed out the range of arts and cultural initiatives that it currently supports, which includes the expansion of the Sorrell Foundation's National Art & Design Saturday Clubs.
Consultation on the proposed EBCs closed at the end of last year, and a response is expected from the DfE this year.
Readers' comments (4)
So has Michael Gove gone on record then to suggest that creative subjects are for those who are a tad dim?
"EBCs are intended to be 'tests of academic knowledge' and as such creative subjects might not naturally fit into their structure".It would seem he has Maxine, but I doubt that he could even be shamed into a typical politician style "I was quoted out of context".
Shame is what they should feel though. They betray a desperate lack of understanding of the relationship between Design and Economic success.Beneath this comment sits the question 'inappropriate or offensive?', well Mr Gove, your ideas are indeed both. They are not appropriate to the future prosperity of this nation and they offend every design professional (working in education or not) ever to have worked or trained within these shores.
The letter from the DfE reproduced above refers to the Sorrell Foundation's National Art&Design Saturday Club, which takes place at colleges and universities across the UK.
I would like to clarify that the Saturday Club was created to augment and not replace art and design tuition within schools. The National Art & Design Saturday Club plays an important role in introducing a number of young people to new skills and routes into further and higher education and careers in the creative industries. However, this should not be seen as an alternative to creative learning opportunities for all young people within the school curriculum.
The Sorrell Foundation is very grateful for the Department for Education's support of the National Art&Design Saturday Club, as we are to our other partners and funders, who include Paul Hamlyn Foundation, Esmée Fairbairn Foundation, Creative & Cultural Skills, Arts Council England and private supporters, as well as the Universities and Colleges themselves.
The Saturday Club was established in 2009, a year before the EBacc was announced. The additional support from the DfE - which commenced in 2012 - is helping to sustain the programme, which this year is providing 100 hours of free art and design tuition to 850 14-16 year olds in 27 locations across England and Wales.
Sorrel Hershberg
The Sorrell Foundation


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- Jackson reported 267-340-0020: "Did not leave a message. When tried calling it back it says the number is not in service......."
2013-07-26 00:27:32 - Maillol reported 618-019-0178: "Receive calls from this number which I do not answer, but when I try to call to see who it is, it says it is a..."
2013-07-18 01:19:34 - Noe reported 414-980-5493: "Got a call from this number 414-980-5493 but they didn't leave a message. Spam for sure!s..."
2013-06-05 21:30:46 - Gracelyn reported 405-459-2303: "Not sure they will never leave a message and when u call back they say the number has been disconnected ..."
2013-06-05 03:18:38 - Kali reported 513-569-9863: "receive 8-9 calls over a 6 mo period. they wont respond they just listen of a few seconds then hang up...."
2013-06-03 01:21:33 - Ronan reported 707-826-3413: "They called and left over 10 minutes of silence on my answer machine, using up all my recording time...."
2013-04-19 02:18:18 - Bach reported 707-826-3403: "There are so many people getting annoying calls all the time including my cells!! what is the point and who ca..."
2013-04-19 02:17:28 - Laurent reported 718-937-5893: "Called twice today. I didn't answer, and they didn't leave a message...."
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2013-04-18 01:10:43 - Dominic reported 718-937-5873: "This number keeps calling me and not leaving message...."
2013-04-18 01:09:26


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I live in a 5 year old house in far northwest Houston, Texas. I have very thick St. Augustine grass in my backyard. In the spring, when the weather has not gotten disgustingly hot yet, I have beautiful, lush green lawn. By the end of the summer, I am beginning to notice that there is a lot of thatch building up. I know some people have ruined their lawns by using a de-thatcher. I do not want to do that. I am already having to re-sod my front lawn due to not being able to keep it watered enough this summer. My back lawn made it through. For this type of grass in this region of the country, is de-thatching a good idea? Or is there something else I should try? If so, what time of year? I have already tried manual raking. I get about 6 square feet done and I am exhausted. I get a lot of dead stuff out, but as large as my lawn is, it will take me forever to get through it all. I know if you use a de-thatcher, you have to manually rake up the thatch. But digging it out of the lawn on your own is really a lot of work! I do pick up my lawn clippings when I mow. Every third mowing, I do not pick up the clippings but instead, let my mower mulch them back into the lawn. My grass is so thick that if I mulched the clippings every time, I think I would have a far bigger problem with thatch build up than I have now.
Thanks for any input. |
Follow-Up Postings:
- Posted by dchall_san_antonio 8 San Antonio (My Page) on Tue, Sep 15, 09 at 14:52
Because St Aug propagates over the surface of the soil, if you run a dethatcher you will shred all those stolons and kill the entire lawn. If you have a thatch problem, then you are doing something wrong. Usually thatch forms in St Aug because of too frequent watering and too frequent fertilizing. That kind of care allows the roots to develop so close to the surface that they need not even enter the soil. Thus the entire plant can live above the surface. For your grass you should be watering once per week during the summer heat and monthly the rest of the year. This summer my grass was suffering badly so I had to water two weeks in a row for 7 hours each time. I watered 5 hours on Tuesday morning (our designated day to water) and 2 hours on Tuesday night. Normally I water 1-3 hours per week to get enough water to last all week. But after 20 months of deep drought, the grass was going downhill. The extended watering perked it up and I've been able to maintain it the rest of the summer with less water. Also you should be mulch mowing every week at your mower's highest setting. The clippings will decompose and return valuable nutrients to the soil allowing you to fertilize less. By mowing at the highest setting you will be shading the soil better and keeping it cooler. Cooler soil does not lose as much moisture to evaporation. I usually (half jokingly) suggest that St Aug owners weld their mower deck at the highest setting. There is NEVER any reason to lower the deck on St Augustine. I fertilize with organic fertilizer 5 times per year on the federal holidays. I start on Washington's Birthday and end on Thanksgiving. If you want to use synthetic fertilizer you can follow a similar schedule but skip the 4th of July (too hot) and don't fertilize as early as I do. Wait until you have mowed the grass for the second time to ensure you have active roots to take up the fertilizer. Organic fertilizer works much differently so you do it a little different. |
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Fall Weather Brings Pests Indoors Arrow Exterminators provides a few simple STEPS to keep pests out of your home this season
The days are getting shorter and the nights are getting colder. This time of year, more and more people begin to seek the warmth of the indoors. Unfortunately, many pests such as mice, chipmunks, raccoons and squirrels are looking for the same thing. Now is a great time to check your home for problem areas that may lead to a pest invasion this winter. To help protect your family and home, Arrow Exterminators, a local termite, pest and wildlife control company, created the STEPSâ"¢ Total Protection System designed to get to the root of any problem and keep pest infestations from becoming a serious predicament.
Pests often enter homes looking for food and shelter. This quest can lead to serious property damage and health issues. Mice, in particular, are a major problem during the fall season. They can chew through walls and electrical wiring, which may lead to a fire. They can also spread diseases through their droppings.
Arrow Exterminators tackles pest control and prevention with the most effective and environmentally friendly solutions available today. The STEPS Total Protection System employs a three-step approach:
- Fully inspect home and property to pinpoint pest issues
- Identify not only the pest, but the true cause of the problem
- reat in the most environmentally responsible way to alleviate current issues and help prevent any future recurrence
"We truly feel that the STEPS Total Protection System provides our customers with the best, most eco-friendly option for pest control," said Shay Runion, Arrow's pest expert. "We often find that the simplest changes can be made that address the root of the problem, allowing us to minimize product application."
Here are some simple steps from Arrow Exterminators to prevent pests from entering the home this fall through sustainable pest control:
- Seal all internal and external cracks and crevices.
- Check screen doors and windows for tears or holes.
- Screen vents and openings to chimneys.
- Use a thick plastic or metal garbage can with a tight lid and keep sealed at all times.
- Eliminate standing water and other sources of moisture in or around the home.
- Replace loose mortar and weather-stripping around the basement foundation and windows.
- Store fire wood at least 20 feet away from the house and five inches off the ground.


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"Quite simply, there has never been a more competitive time on the LPGA Tour," said LPGA Tour Commissioner Mike Whan. "We have players from very different places who are all striving for the very same goal -- to be the best in the world. Whether it's Yani's push for the record books, Cristie's push to put America back on top or whether we are about to experience "Suzann's time," every tournament will make a huge difference and the next six weeks are going to answer a lot of questions."
This week's Wegmans LPGA Championship kicks off a stretch of three majors in six weeks on the LPGA Tour. The U.S. Women's Open will follow at the Broadmoor in Colorado Springs, Col. on July 7-10 and on July 28-31 the storied Carnoustie Golf Links in Scotland will host the RICOH Women's British Open for the first time. Additionally, although not a major, the Evian Masters is slated for July 21-24 in Evian-Les-Baines, France and features a purse of $3.25 million.
As the LPGA Tour gears up for three majors in the next six weeks, here is a look at where things currently stand:
Rolex Rankings No. 1 Yani Tseng continues to maintain a strong grasp on the world's top spot this season, although No. 2 Cristie Kerr and No. 3 Suzann Pettersen each have a chance to take over as the world's best this week. Following Tseng's seventh career victory at the 2011 LPGA State Farm Classic, she will now have three opportunities to become the youngest golfer in history to secure four major titles, a record currently held by Se Ri Pak (24). Tseng, 22, fell just shy of achieving that distinction in March when she finished runner-up to Stacy Lewis at the 2011 Kraft Nabisco Championship. Although still chasing four, Tseng is the youngest player in LPGA history to win three majors by capturing the 2008 LPGA Championship, 2010 Kraft Nabisco Championship and the 2010 RICOH Women's British Open.
Becoming the youngest golfer to four majors isn't the only feat that Tseng will be chasing over the upcoming stretch of majors. A victory at this year's U.S. Women's Open will complete Tseng's quest for the Career Grand Slam, a feat accomplished by only Louise Suggs, Mickey Wright, Pat Bradley, Juli Inkster, Karrie Webb and Annika Sorenstam. She would also become the youngest ever to complete the Career Grand Slam, beating out Webb who was 26 years, 6months and 3 days when she accomplished the feat.
Tseng has held the title of Rolex Rankings No. 1 since the start of the LPGA season and capped off a streak of four straight victories world-wide at the season-opening Honda LPGA Thailand. But she certainly has plenty of challengers vying for that top spot, including Cristie Kerr, who last week jumped to No. 2 in the Rolex Rankings following her third straight runner-up finish at the LPGA State Farm Classic. Kerr fell one shot shy of her 15th career victory the previous week at the ShopRite LPGA Classic and she lost to Suzann Pettersen in the finals of the Sybase Match Play Championship in mid-May.
Kerr will attempt to overtake Tseng in the race for the top spot in the Rolex Rankings this week when she tries to defend her title at the Wegmans LPGA Championship. Last year Kerr won her second career major by a record-breaking 12 shots at Locust Hill Country Club. Kerr is the only American who has ascended to No. 1 in the Rolex Rankings, having held the spot for five weeks in 2010.
In addition to chasing Tseng for the top spot in the Rolex Rankings, Kerr is also pushing her for the lead on the 2011 LPGA Official Money List. Tseng currently is first in earnings this season with $905,725 in 2011 while Kerr is second with $716,760. With two victories and seven top-10 finishes in nine events this season, Tseng also has a stronghold on the race for the 2011 Rolex Player of the Year. She is currently 37 points ahead of her nearest competitor, leading with 109 points while Webb, the only other player to win twice on the LPGA Tour this season, is in second with 72 points. But points for the race will double during each of the three major tournaments.
Hee Kyung Seo currently leads the race for the 2011 Louise Suggs Rolex Rookie of the Year. Seo has 201 points, having played in eight events, while Christel Boeljon is second with 106 points in three events. But there is a cluster of rookies not too far behind them including Jennifer Song (69 points), Stephanie Sherlock (66), Jenny Suh (62), Jenny Shin (49), and Jessica Korda (47). So this is a race that likely won't be decided until much later in the season.
Perhaps one of the most intriguing races that will unfold over the new few weeks is the race to make the U.S. Solheim Cup team. The competition for a spot in the top 10 is heating up and the look of the 2011 team is still very much up in the air. Kerr, a five-time member of the U.S. team, continues to dominate the race with 612 points. Morgan Pressel (363.5), Michelle Wie (358), Angela Stanford (356), and Kraft Nabisco Championship winner Stacy Lewis (335.5) currently round out the top five. But with three major championships coming up and double points available at each, there is plenty of time for other players to earn their way into the mix.
Right now there are eight players within 100 points of Christina Kim, who currently sits in 10th place. Six total tournaments remain for players to earn points before the team is announced following the conclusion of the Safeway Classic Presented by Coca-Cola. U.S. Captain Rosie Jones will add two captain's picks to the 10 points qualifiers to round out the 12-player team that will take on Alison Nicholas and the Europeans, Sept. 23-25, 2011 at Killeen Castle in Ireland.
Topics: Press Release, KPMG Women's PGA Championship, US Women's Open, Ricoh Women's British Open


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Sustainability Report
This document is JCCC's third campus-wide, fully participatory sustainability assessment and contains recommendations for further action as compiled by members of the college's Sustainability Committee. This report should not be seen as the final word on these issues, but rather should be compared to previous reports as an assessment of progress.
2010 Sustainability Report (PDF)
For contact information use Find People.
- Dining Services: Co-chairs – Jay Glatz, Jay Antle
- Energy/Buildings: Co-chairs – Rick Monk, Michael Rea
- Grounds and Water Report: Chair – Kim Criner
- Recycling and Waste Minimization: Chair – Michael Rea
- Sustainability Curriculum Committee: Co-chairs – Kim Criner, Deborah Williams
- Transportation: Chair – Ryan Wing
- Information Services: Co-chairs – Michael Rea


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Back to National Medals main page.
July 17, 2014 09:41 AM Does your museum or library have a commitment to excellence and serve its community new and innovative ways? Museums and libraries of all types can apply for the National Medal for Museum and Library Service. Send your nomination by October 15. Read More
May 8, 2014 03:37 PM Michelle Obama presented medals to each winner and praised the community service and educational roles of museums and libraries. Read More
April 24, 2014 08:52 AM Mrs. Obama will present the awards at a May 8 White House ceremony. Read More
March 3, 2014 09:00 AM Thirty institutions from across the country are finalists for the 2014 National Medal for Museum and Library Service. Read More
February 19, 2014 09:37 AM IMLS celebrates 20 years of the award that has recognized 132 outstanding museums and libraries. Read More


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Video Games
28/02/2012 Features
Editor's Choice - Angry Birds: Seasons
Those feathered fiends are now available to buy boxed from the shelves of GAME. So get ready to uncage Angry Birds: Seasons on your PC. For real.…
10/04/2012 Features
PlayStation 3 - The Essential Games
So, you've got yourself a shiny new PlayStation 3. You know all about its fantastic online features, like PlayStation Network, BBC iPlayer, 4OD and more. You know about its awesome graphics and Blu-Ray player. What you really need to know is - what games should I get?…
14/09/2012 Reviews
Wii U - Hands On At the GAME Conference with Nintendo Land
At this week's GAME Conference, the publishers were out to show off the big titles coming in the run up to Christmas and into 2013. One of the real highlights of the show was our first chance to get truly hands on with Nintendo's new Wii U. There were plenty of games to show it off, and we managed to get stuck in to the title being bundled with the Premium Wii U console, Nintendo Land.…
See more about 'Wii U - Hands On At the GAME Conference with Nintendo Land'
30/08/2012 News
"Final adventure" for Professor Layton announced for 3DS
Time may be running out for Professor Layton, that puzzle-loving sleuth who has enchanted gamers on an annual basis since 2007. In a Japanese press presentation, developer Level 5 has announced it's working on another game in the series due for release on Nintendo 3DS next year.…
See more about '"Final adventure" for Professor Layton announced for 3DS'
18/10/2012 News
Mario, Link and others cameo in Scribblenauts Unlimited on Wii U
The original Scribblenauts game for DS wowed many with its seemingly impossible gameplay concept: literally anything you typed in would appear in the game. Players spent hours trying to test the boundaries of this idea, coming up with increasingly obscure and bizarre solutions to the game's charming puzzles.…
See more about 'Mario, Link and others cameo in Scribblenauts Unlimited on Wii U'
10/07/2013 News
Scribblenauts Unmasked flies into the UK in September
Here's an unlikely combination of word-based puzzle gaming and iconic comic book heroes: Scribblenauts Unmasked: A DC Comics Adventure is a mashup of the popular Wii and DS Scribblenauts series with DC's roster of superheros and supervillains.…
See more about 'Scribblenauts Unmasked flies into the UK in September'
15/08/2013 Previews
editor's Choice - Nintendo eShop Exclusives
For those of us addicted to pint-sized gaming for monkey nuts on our mobile devices, Nintendo's eShop is perfect, offering up gaming magic for your 3DS at a fraction of the usual cost.…
See more about 'editor's Choice - Nintendo eShop Exclusives'
28/11/2012 Reviews
Nintendo Land - Review
Perhaps Nintendo couldn't decide which of its much-loved franchises to launch Wii U with, because the answer it's come up with is "all of them". Sure, there's also your regulation Mario platformer in the form of New Super Mario Bros. U, but Nintendo Land crams a panoply of the company's most famous characters and series into a dozen mini-games designed to show off Wii U's unique features.…
20/04/2012 Reviews
Mario Party 9 - Review
The Mario Party series has enjoyed a long and successful run, with the ninth instalment on shelves now. Nintendo could have played it safe with Mario Party 9, just adding in new boards and a few mini games and calling it a day, but instead they've taken a different route and injected the series with a refreshing boost we didn't even know it needed.…
21/09/2012 News
Angry Birds spin-off, Bad Piggies, getting a boxed PC release
Those troll-faced green pigs will be busting out of their phone-screen prison in October when Rovio's Angry Birds spin-off, Bad Piggies, comes to PC in a standalone version. The PC edition will include free DLC level packs, making it even bigger than the iPhone game.…
See more about 'Angry Birds spin-off, Bad Piggies, getting a boxed PC release'
10/01/2014 Reviews
Mario Party: Island Tour - Review
7/10 - Mario takes his party on the go to 3DS, complete with numerous mini-games and offline multiplayer
21/12/2011 Features
What has Mario got planned in 2012?
2011 has been a fantastic year for gaming most recognisable face, Nintendo Mario, and 2012 looks set to be another. From platforming to kart racing, tennis, Olympic sports, role playing and party games, the portly yet agile plumber is clearly a highly versatile character who can do it all. Here, GAME takes a look back at a couple of the best Mario games from this year, in case you missed them, and looks ahead to some of 2012 undoubted highlights.…


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MUMBAI: Once again taking pot shots at his predecessor Ashok Chavan and Vilasrao Deshmukh, chief minister Prithviraj Chavan recently in a function at Mumbai stated that he was sent to Maharashtra by the Congress high command with a mandate to bring stability and restore confidence among citizens in the government.
The remark was clearly intended at his predecessors-Deshmukh and Ashok Chavan who are facing inquiry in connection to Adarsh housing 'irregularities'.
The chief minister admitted that when he came to Maharashtra he didn't know much about the state but his earlier administration in Delhi helped him a lot. He however acknowledged that there still needs a lot of work to be done in the state and said, "I have no magic wand, it will take some time to fulfill all the tasks."
Ever since Prithviraj Chavan survived an attempt by the NCP and a section of his own Congress MLA's to unseat him, he has been uncharacteristically been taking his opponents headlong. Last week he took a swipe at former Chief Ministers Vilasrao Deshmukh and Ashok Chavan by claiming that he had cleared more number of files than his predecessors.
Stay updated on the go with Times of India News App. Click here to download it for your device.
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Blog | Comments |
WoW | 4 Comments |
Recent Comments:
Saving the old world with wallpapers {WoW}
Aug 28th 2009 3:17PM from what ive seen on that video desolace is gonna turn beautiful. so i peronsonally can't wait WOOT
BlizzCon 2009: The Guild Panel Live Blog {WoW}
Aug 24th 2009 3:29PM so sad felicia day didn't get the carpet/drapes referance. too many fanboys looking at her to make that kinda fail lol
World of Warcraft Patch 3.2 Loot Guide {WoW}
Aug 4th 2009 1:14PM that + im pretty sure blizzard operates out of the west coast, so it's kinda important for them to do what' easiest for the poeple on said time zone.
World of Warcraft Patch 3.2 going live {WoW}
Aug 4th 2009 4:19AM it's been stated many tiems by blues and such taht the reason 3.2 isn't at teh same time as the realse of season 7 is because since collieseum gear is staggered for 5 weeks, they don't want high rated arena groups to have 25m hard mode items before 25 man hardmode (heroic) is even avalible


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Balavil Hotel Newtonmore
The Balavil Sport Hotel sits in the heart of the Cairngorms National Park, one of the most breathtaking natural landscapes in Scotland.
The Balavil Sport Hotel sits in the heart of the Cairngorms National Park, one of the most breathtaking natural landscapes in Scotland. Set in the heart of The Cairngorms National Park and Scottish "Wildcat" country in the stunning Inverness-shire. The hotel is surrounded by spectacular scenery and plenty of outdoor activities for you to enjoy such as hillwalking, river and loch fishing, canoeing and golf. Whatever sets you pulse racing, be it the wide open space of the Highland's or relaxing in our sauna or indoor pool, the Balavil Hotel is perfect for your short break. Situated in the cosy Highland village of Newtonmore, the hotel is over one hundred years old and is very much in keeping with the local area. The family run Balavil Hotel extends a warm Highland welcome to all guests. The interior consists of open fires, wood panelled bar and a warm and friendly Scottish atmosphere. The Balavil has 50 en suite bedrooms which are comfortable and well decorated creating a home from home atmosphere.
Total Rooms :
50Accommodation Type:
HotelAddress :
Main StreetPostcode :
PH20 1DLCustomer Reviews Balavil Hotel Newtonmore - Ratings Out of 5
[Click On Images to View Gallery]
Cancellation Policy
2 Days Prior to Arrival
Cancellation Days
First Night Stay Chargeable


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This balanced blend stirs up energy safely and naturally, without caffeine. Invigorating tea contains a fragrant blend of herbs that enhance vitality and invigoration. Ginger kindles the digestive fire while cloves and black pepper warm and stimulate. Cardamom and allspice warm and balance. Robust cinnamon, peppermint and orange peel refresh and rejuvenate.
· to stimulate sluggish digestion
· to enliven your natural energy
· to help reduce congestion
· to awaken your metabolism
· to balance a Kapha mind-body constitution
Ingredients: Organic cloves, organic ginger root, organic cinnamon bark, organic peppermint leaves, organic cardamom, organic allspice, organic orange peel and organic black pepper.


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At the height of the season, with fresh produce running through at top speed, an error message on a computerized scale can bring a packing or handling line to a screeching halt while technicians travel across country for an on-site service call.
But with the introduction of 360 Online Support from CombiScale Inc., produce operations can avoid lengthy delays and save money, according to a news release from the Opa Locka, Fla., scale company.
The real-time support is available for all of CombiScale's PrimoWeigher 360 combination scales. Bundled software on each scale allows service technicians to connect to the equipment's operating system to diagnose and resolve problems, often without the need for a site visit, the release stated.
The systems use name brand software, including Skype and LogMeIn. Both wireless and landline connectivity is possible. System security requires a PIN and customer consent to guard against unauthorized access. Additional details are available on the company website, www.combiscale.com.


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Ampere Could Be Redefined After Experiments Track Single Electrons Crossing Chip
timothy posted 1 year,17 days | from the micro-management dept.
299ananyo writes "Physicists have tracked electrons crossing a semiconductor chip one at a time — an experiment that should at last enable a rational definition of the ampere, the unit of electrical current. At present, an ampere is defined as the amount of charge flowing per second through two infinitely long wires one meter apart, such that the wires attract each other with a force of 2×10^-7 newtons per meter of length. That definition, adopted in 1948 and based on a thought experiment that can at best be approximated in the laboratory, is clumsy — almost as much of an embarrassment as the definition of the kilogram, which relies on the fluctuating mass of a 125-year-old platinum-and-iridium cylinder stored at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris. The new approach, described in a paper posted onto the arXiv server on 19 December, would redefine the amp on the basis of e, a physical constant representing the charge of an electron."


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Testing - Transfer Speeds
In order to give you an idea about how the ASUS WL-HDD performs, we performed three different tests to compare read and write speeds on each different connection medium.
First is the LAN file copy test which tests how long it takes in seconds to copy 1GB of data to and from using 100mbps Ethernet. Next is the Wireless HDD test where we used our PC again on a Wireless NIC to test the time taken to do the same tests over 54mbps Wireless. Finally we have our USB test where we filled up a 256MB flash drive with data to see just how long the unit takes to copy the data file over.
Wired to HDD Test - 1GB of data
Here we can see that transfers to and from are just about equal with what we would expect. The data transfer average is also quite good at around 9MB/s.
Wireless to HDD Test - 1GB of data
Using the Wireless to transmit the data to the HDD in large files is not the most effective solution but you do pay a data transfer speed penalty for the flexibility of any Wireless device.
We would have liked to see ASUS uses some sort of Turbo or Super-G technology to boost the data rate to 108mbps which would have boosted transfer rates quite a bit.
Flash Drive to HDD - 256MB of data
Here as we said the USB 1.1 does slow the unit down. With a max of around 10MB/s, large flash drives become slow to copy from. USB 2.0 "Hi-Speed" would have been better. Still, the inclusion of the USB port is handy and will be useful for many users.


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Summary: Stepping out of the darkness, the American emerges upon the stage of history as a new character, as puzzling to himself as to others. American Humor, Constance Rourke's pioneering "study of the national character," singles out the archetypal figures of the Yankee peddler, the backwoodsman, and the blackface minstrel to illuminate the fundamental role of popular culture in fashioning a distinctive American sensibility. A memorable performance in its own righ ...show moret, American Humor crackles with the jibes and jokes of generations while presenting a striking picture of a vagabond nation in perpetual self-pursuit. Davy Crockett and Henry James, Jim Crow and Emily Dickinson rub shoulders in a work that inspired such later critics as Pauline Kael and Lester Bangs and which still has much to say about the America of Bob Dylan and Thomas Pynchon, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush. ...show less
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About | Projects | Docs | Forums | Lists | Bugs | Get Gentoo! | Support | Planet | Wiki
On Mon, May 21, 2012 at 7:58 AM, Ultrabug <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote: > It also may be interesting to use the github workflow with > proxy-maintainers (which might also make the proxy-maintainers project > even more visible) ? > Tend to agree, although a big liability will be the fact that we're still not on git ourselves. So, to be useful that github tree would to get regular cvs updates incorporated, and then any content would need to be manually moved over. The trees would be constantly slightly out of sync - what happens if somebody commits a fix without a revbump to git and then the cvs tree refreshes git not showing the change, and so on? I guess for proxy-maintained packages we could just consider the git-tree "official" and do all forward work there without publishing cvs changes automatically. Then cvs updates are just manual copies when things are good in the git tree. However, the second somebody comes along with some library package move or other tree-wide change they're going to make things out of sync unless they know to go update git. Seems like overlays are the best candidate for a place to start since they largely use git already. Maybe this is just one more reason to get the main tree onto git as well... Rich
Updated Jun 14, 2012
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For more information call Bradley Hospital's outpatient department at 401-432-1119 or send us an email.
Frequently asked questions about group therapy
Teens in high school are invited to participate in a weekly skills-based group utilizing a dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) informed approach. DBT is designed to help individuals effectively manage their emotional experiences to live healthier and more satisfying lives. This group is intended for teens who are participating in weekly or biweekly individual therapy, and could benefit from additional support for managing distress, regulating emotions and eliminating self-destructive behaviors.
Groups will meet weekly over 15 weeks. Each week, teens will have the opportunity to learn and practice new skills in the areas of mindfulness, emotion regulation, distress tolerance and interpersonal effectiveness. Parents will also be invited to participate in select sessions with their teen to review DBT skills and to support the use of these skills outside of group sessions.
New groups start every three months. Registration is open year round. Groups will be filled on a first come, first served basis and teens will be matched according to age and level of need.
Facilitators: Jennifer Kittler, PhD, is a clinical psychologist with a specialization in child and adolescent psychology. Bev W. Rich, PMHCNS-BC is an advanced practice nurse who has been at Bradley Hospital for more than 20 years
Cost: A $25 material fee is required. Insurance will be billed for group therapy. Co-payment will depend on insurance.
For more information, call Bradley Hospital's Outpatient Department at 401-432-1119 or send an email.
Registration form may be filled out electronically or mailed. Email completed forms to email@example.com. Download the registration form.
Forms can also be sent to: Bradley Hospital Outpatient Department 1011 Veterans Memorial Parkway East Providence, RI 02915 Fax: 401-432-1506


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I enjoy creating new things. I love building furniture. Working on my 1870's victorian home. And I love cooking new meals and surprising my family.
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