text:
Cautions against the error that the time of Christ's coming was just at hand. There would first be a general apostacy from the faith, and a revealing of the antichristian man of sin. (1-4) His destruction, and that of those who obey him. (5-12) The security of the Thessalonians from apostacy; an exhortation to stedfastness, and prayer for them. (13-17)
Verses 1-4 If errors arise among Christians, we should set them right; and good men will be careful to suppress errors which rise from mistaking their words and actions. We have a cunning adversary, who watches to do mischief, and will promote errors, even by the words of Scripture. Whatever uncertainty we are in, or whatever mistakes may arise about the time of Christ's coming, that coming itself is certain. This has been the faith and hope of all Christians, in all ages of the church; it was the faith and hope of the Old Testament saints. All believers shall be gathered together to Christ, to be with him, and to be happy in his presence for ever. We should firmly believe the second coming of Christ; but there was danger lest the Thessalonians, being mistaken as to the time, should question the truth or certainty of the thing itself. False doctrines are like the winds that toss the water to and fro; and they unsettle the minds of men, which are as unstable as water. It is enough for us to know that our Lord will come, and will gather all his saints unto him. A reason why they should not expect the coming of Christ, as at hand, is given. There would be a general falling away first, such as would occasion the rise of antichrist, that man of sin. There have been great disputes who or what is intended by this man of sin and son of perdition. The man of sin not only practises wickedness, but also promotes and commands sin and wickedness in others; and is the son of perdition, because he is devoted to certain destruction, and is the instrument to destroy many others, both in soul and body. As God was in the temple of old, and worshipped there, and is in and with his church now; so the antichrist here mentioned, is a usurper of God's authority in the Christian church, who claims Divine honours.
Verses 5-12 Something hindered or withheld the man of sin. It is supposed to be the power of the Roman empire, which the apostle did not mention more plainly at that time. Corruption of doctrine and worship came in by degrees, and the usurping of power was gradual; thus the mystery of iniquity prevailed. Superstition and idolatry were advanced by pretended devotion, and bigotry and persecution were promoted by pretended zeal for God and his glory. This mystery of iniquity was even then begun; while the apostles were yet living, persons pretended zeal for Christ, but really opposed him. The fall or ruin of the antichristian state is declared. The pure word of God, with the Spirit of God, will discover this mystery of iniquity, and in due time it shall be destroyed by the brightness of Christ's coming. Signs and wonders, visions and miracles, are pretended; but they are false signs to support false doctrines; and lying wonders, or only pretended miracles, to cheat the people; and the diabolical deceits with which the antichristian state has been supported, are notorious. The persons are described, who are his willing subjects. Their sin is this; They did not love the truth, and therefore did not believe it; and they were pleased with false notions. God leaves them to themselves, then sin will follow of course, and spiritual judgments here, and eternal punishments hereafter. These prophecies have, in a great measure, come to pass, and confirm the truth of the Scriptures. This passage exactly agrees with the system of popery, as it prevails in the Romish church, and under the Romish popes. But though the son of perdition has been revealed, though he has opposed and exalted himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; and has spoken and acted as if he were a god upon earth, and has proclaimed his insolent pride, and supported his delusions, by lying miracles and all kinds of frauds; still the Lord has not yet fully destroyed him with the brightness of his coming; that and other prophecies remain to be fulfilled before the end shall come.
Verses 13-15 When we hear of the apostacy of many, it is a great comfort and joy, that there is a remnant according to the election of grace, which does and shall persevere; especially we should rejoice, if we have reason to hope that we are of that number. The preservation of the saints, is because God loved them with an everlasting love, from the beginning of the world. The end and the means must not be separated. Faith and holiness must be joined together as well as holiness and happiness. The outward call of God is by the gospel; and this is rendered effectual by the inward working of the Spirit. The belief of the truth brings the sinner to rely on Christ, and so to love and obey him; it is sealed by the Holy Spirit upon his heart. We have no certain proof of any thing having been delivered by the apostles, more than what we find contained in the Holy Scriptures. Let us then stand fast in the doctrines taught by the apostles, and reject all additions, and vain traditions.
Verses 16-17 We may and should direct our prayers, not only to God the Father, through our Lord Jesus Christ, but also to our Lord Jesus Christ himself. And we should pray in his name unto God, not only as his Father, but as our Father in and through him. The love of God in Christ Jesus, is the spring and fountain of all the good we have or hope for. There is good reason for strong consolations, because the saints have good hope through grace. The free grace and mercy of God are what they hope for, and what their hopes are founded on, and not any worth or merit of their own. The more pleasure we take in the word, and works, and ways of God, the more likely we shall be to persevere therein. But, if we are wavering in faith, and of a doubtful mind, halting and faltering in our duty, no wonder that we are strangers to the joys of religion.
2 Thessalonians 2:1-17 . CORRECTION OF THEIR ERROR AS TO CHRIST'S IMMEDIATE COMING. THE APOSTASY THAT MUST PRECEDE IT. EXHORTATION TO STEADFASTNESS, INTRODUCED WITH THANKSGIVING FOR THEIR ELECTION BY GOD.
1. Now--rather, "But"; marking the transition from his prayers for them to entreaties to them.
we beseech you--or "entreat you." He uses affectionate entreaty, rather than stern reproof, to win them over to the right view.
by--rather, "with respect to"; as the Greek for "of" ( 2 Corinthians 1:8 ).
our gathering together unto him--the consummating or final gathering together of the saints to Him at His coming, as announced, Matthew 24:31 , 1 Thessalonians 4:17 . The Greek noun is nowhere else found except in Hebrews 10:25 , said of the assembling together of believers for congregational worship. Our instinctive fears of the judgment are dispelled by the thought of being gathered together UNTO HIM ("even as the hen gathereth her chickens under her wings"), which ensures our safety.
2. soon--on trifling grounds, without due consideration.
shaken--literally, "tossed" as ships tossed by an agitated sea. Compare for the same image, Ephesians 4:14 .
in mind--rather as the Greek, "from your mind," that is, from your mental steadfastness on the subject.
troubled--This verb applies to emotional agitation; as "shaken" to intellectual.
by spirit--by a person professing to have the spirit of prophecy ( 1 Corinthians 12:8-10 1 John 4:1-3 ). The Thessalonians had been warned ( 1 Thessalonians 5:20 1 Thessalonians 5:21 ) to "prove" such professed prophesyings, and to "hold fast (only) that which is good."
by word--of mouth (compare 2 Thessalonians 2:5 2 Thessalonians 2:15 ); some word or saying alleged to be that of Paul, orally communicated. If oral tradition was liable to such perversion in the apostolic age (compare a similar instance, John 21:23 ), how much more in our age!
by letter as from us--purporting to be from us, whereas it is a forgery. Hence he gives a test by which to know his genuine letters ( 2 Thessalonians 3:17 ).
day of Christ--The oldest manuscripts read, "day of the Lord."
is at hand--rather, "is immediately imminent," literally, "is present"; "is instantly coming." Christ and His apostles always taught that the day of the Lord's coming is at hand; and it is not likely that Paul would imply anything contrary here; what he denies is, that it is so immediately imminent, instant, or present, as to justify the neglect of everyday worldly duties. CHRYSOSTOM, and after him ALFORD, translates, "is (already) present" (compare 2 Timothy 2:18 ), a kindred error. But in 2 Timothy 3:1 , the same Greek verb is translated "come." WAHL supports this view. The Greek is usually used of actual presence; but is quite susceptible of the translation, "is all but present."
3. by any means--Greek, "in any manner." Christ, in Matthew 24:4 , gives the same warning in connection with the same event. He had indicated three ways ( 2 Thessalonians 2:2 ) in which they might be deceived (compare other ways, 2 Thessalonians 2:9 , and Matthew 24:5 Matthew 24:24 ).
a falling away--rather as the Greek, "the falling away," or "apostasy," namely, the one of which "I told you" before ( 2 Thessalonians 2:5 ), "when I was yet with you," and of which the Lord gave some intimation ( Matthew 24:10-12 John 5:43 ).
that man of sin be revealed--The Greek order is, "And there have been revealed the man of sin." As Christ was first in mystery, and afterwards revealed ( 1 Timothy 3:16 ), so Antichrist (the term used 1 John 2:18 , 4:3 ) is first in mystery, and afterwards shall be developed and revealed ( 2 Thessalonians 2:7-9 ). As righteousness found its embodiment in Christ, "the Lord our righteousness," so "sin" shall have its embodiment in "the man of sin." The hindering power meanwhile restrains its manifestation; when that shall be removed, then this manifestation shall take place. The articles, "the apostasy," and "the man of sin," may also refer to their being well known as foretold in Daniel 7:8 Daniel 7:25 , "the little horn speaking great words against the Most High, and thinking to change times and laws"; and Daniel 11:36 , the wilful king who "shall exalt and magnify himself above every god, and shall speak marvellous things against the God of gods; neither shall he regard any god."
the son of perdition--a title applied besides to Judas (the traitor, John 17:12 ), and to none else. Antichrist (the second "beast" coming up out of the earth); therefore he shall at first be "like a lamb, while he speaks as a dragon" ( Revelation 13:11 ); "coming in peaceably and by flatteries," "working deceitfully," but "his heart shall be against the holy covenant" ( Daniel 11:21 Daniel 11:23 Daniel 11:28 Daniel 11:30 ). Seeds of "the falling away" soon appear ( 1 Timothy 4:1-3 ), but the full development and concentration of these anti-Christian elements in one person are still to appear. Contrast the King of Zion's coming as JESUS: (1) righteous or just; (2) having salvation; (3) lowly; whereas Antichrist is: (1) "the man of (the embodiment of) sin; (2) the son of perdition; (3) exalting himself above all that is worshipped. He is the son of perdition, as consigning many to it, and finally doomed to it himself ( Revelation 17:18 Revelation 17:11 ). "He whose essence and inheritance is perdition" [ALFORD]. AS "the kingdom of heaven" is first brought before us in the abstract, then in the concrete, the King, the Lord Jesus; so here, first we have ( 2 Thessalonians 2:7 ) "the mystery of iniquity," then "the iniquitous one" ( 2 Thessalonians 2:8 ). Doubtless "the apostasy" of Romanism (the abstract) is one of the greatest instances of the working of the mystery of iniquity, and its blasphemous claims for the Pope (the concrete) are forerunners of the final concentration of blasphemy in the man of sin, who shall not merely, as the Pope, usurp God's honor as vicegerent of God, but oppose God openly at last.
4. Daniel 11:36 Daniel 11:37 is here referred to. The words used there as to Antiochus Epiphanes, Paul implies, shall even be more applicable to the man of sin, who is the New Testament actual Antichrist, as Antiochus was the Old Testament typical Antichrist. The previous world kingdoms had each one extraordinary person as its representative head and embodiment (thus Babylon had Nebuchadnezzar, Daniel 2:38 , end; Medo-Persia had Cyrus; Greece had Alexander, and Antiochus Epiphanes, the forerunner of Antichrist); so the fourth and last world kingdom, under which we now live, shall have one final head, the concentrated embodiment of all the sin and lawless iniquity which have been in pagan and papal Rome. Rome's final phase will probably be an unholy alliance between idolatrous superstition and godless infidelity.
Who opposeth and exalteth himself--There is but one Greek article to both participles, implying that the reason why he opposeth himself is in order that he may exalt himself above, &c. ALFORD takes the former clause absolutely, "He that withstands (CHRIST)," that is, Antichrist ( 1 John 2:18 ). As at the conclusion of the Old Testament period, Israel apostate allied itself with the heathen world power against Jesus and His apostles ( Luke 23:12 ; and at Thessalonica, Acts 17:5-9 ), and was in righteous retribution punished by the instrumentality of the world power itself (Jerusalem being destroyed by Rome), Daniel 9:26 Daniel 9:27 ; so the degenerate Church (become an "harlot"), allying itself with the godless world power (the "beast" of Revelation) against vital religion (that is, the harlot sitting on the beast), shall be judged by that world power which shall be finally embodied in Antichrist ( Zechariah 13:8 Zechariah 13:9 , 14:2 , Revelation 17:16 Revelation 17:17 ). In this early Epistle, the apostate Jewish Church as the harlot, and pagan Rome as the beast, form the historical background on which Paul draws his prophetic sketch of the apostasy. In the Pastoral Epistles, which were later, this prophecy appears in connection with Gnosticism, which had at that time infected the Church. The harlot (the apostate Church) is first to be judged by the beast (the world power) and its kings ( Revelation 17:16 ); and afterwards the beasts and their allies (with the personal Antichrist at their head, who seems to rise after the judgment on the harlot, or apostate Church) shall be judged by the coming of Jesus Himself ( Revelation 19:20 ). Anti-Christian tendencies produce different Antichrists: these separate Antichrists shall hereafter find their consummation in an individual exceeding them all in the intensity of his evil character [AUBERLEN]. But judgment soon overtakes him. He is necessarily a child of death, immediately after his ascent as the beast out of the bottomless pit going into perdition ( Revelation 17:8 Revelation 17:11 ). Idolatry of self, spiritual pride, and rebellion against God, are his characteristics; as Christ-worship, humility, and dependence on God, characterize Christianity. He not merely assumes Christ's character (as the "false Christs," Matthew 24:24 ), but "opposes" Christ. The Greek implies one situated on an opposite side (compare 1 John 2:22 , 2 John 1:7 ). One who, on the destruction of every religion, shall seek to establish his own throne, and for God's great truth, "God is man," to substitute his own lie, "Man is God" [TRENCH].
above all that is called God--( 1 Corinthians 8:5 ). The Pope (for instance, Clement VI) has even commanded the angels to admit into Paradise, without the alleged pains of purgatory, certain souls. But still this is only a foreshadowing of the Antichrist, who will not, as the Pope, act in God's name, but against God.
or that is worshipped--Rome here again gives a presage of Antichrist. The Greek is Sebasma; and Sebastus is the Greek for Augustus, who was worshipped as the secular ruler and divine vicegerent. The papacy has risen on the overthrow of Cæsar's power. Antichrist shall exalt himself above every object of worship, whether on earth as the Cæsar, or in heaven as God. The various prefigurations of Antichrist, Mohammed, Rome, Napoleon, and modern infidel secularism, contain only some, not all, his characteristics. It is the union of all in some one person that shall form the full Antichrist, as the union in one Person, Jesus, of all the types and prophecies constituted the full Christ [OLSHAUSEN].
in the temple of God . . . that he is God--"He will reign a time, times, and half a time" ( Daniel 7:25 ), that is, three and a half years, and will sit in the temple at Jerusalem: then the Lord shall come from heaven and cast him into the take of fire and shall bring to the saints the times of their reigning, the seventh day of hallowed rest, and give to Abraham the promised inheritance" [IRENÆUS, Against Heresies, 30.4].
showing himself--with blasphemous and arrogant DISPLAY (Compare a type, Acts 12:21-23 ). The earliest Fathers unanimously looked for a personal Antichrist. Two objections exist to Romanism being regarded the Antichrist, though probably Romanism will leave its culmination in him: (1) So far is Romanism from opposing all that is called God, that adoration of gods and lords many (the Virgin Mary and saints) is a leading feature in it; (2) the papacy has existed for more than twelve centuries, and yet Christ is not come, whereas the prophecy regards the final Antichrist as short-lived, and soon going to perdition through the coming of Christ ( Revelation 17:18 Revelation 17:11 ). Gregory the Great declared against the patriarch of Constantinople, that whosoever should assume the title of "universal bishop" would be "the forerunner of Antichrist." The papacy fulfilled this his undesigned prophecy. The Pope has been called by his followers, "Our Lord God the Pope"; and at his inauguration in St. Peter's, seated in his chair upon the high altar, which is treated as his footstool, he has vividly foreshadowed him who "exalteth himself above all that is called God." An objection fatal to interpreting the temple of God here as the Church ( 1 Corinthians 3:16 1 Corinthians 3:17 , 6:19 ) is, the apostle would never designate the apostate anti-Christian Church "the temple of God." It is likely that, as Messiah was revealed among the Jews at Jerusalem, so Antimessiah shall appear among them when restored to their own land, and after they have rebuilt their temple at Jerusalem. Thus Daniel 11:41 Daniel 11:45 land (Judea), and he shall plant the tabernacles of his palaces between the seas in the glorious holy mountain"; and then ( Daniel 12:1 ) "Michael, the great prince, shall stand up" to deliver God's people. Compare Note, Also the king of Assyria, type of Antichrist ( Isaiah 14:12-14 ). "Lucifer" (a title of Messiah, assumed by Antichrist, Revelation 22:16 ); "I will exalt my throne above the stars of God." "I will sit upon the mount of the congregation (that is, God's place of meeting His people of old, the temple), in the sides of the north ( Psalms 48:2 ); I will be like the Most High." Revelation 11:1 Revelation 11:2 , "The temple of God . . . the holy city" (namely, Jerusalem, Matthew 4:5 ), compare Psalms 68:18 Psalms 68:29 , referring to a period since Christ's ascension, therefore not yet fulfilled (Isaiah 2:1-3'Ezekiel 40:1-44:31'Zechariah 14:16-20'Malachi 3:1'). "In the temple of God," implies that it an internal, not an external, enemy which shall assail the Church. Antichrist shall, the first three and a half years of the prophetical week, keep the covenant, then break it and usurp divine honors in the midst of the week. Some think Antichrist will be a Jew. At all events he will, "by flatteries," bring many, not only of the Gentiles, but also of "the tribes" of Israel (so the Greek for "kindreds," Revelation 11:8 Revelation 11:9 ), to own him as their long-looked-for Messiah, in the same "city where our Lord was crucified." "Sitteth" here implies his occupying the place of power and majesty in opposition to Him who "sitteth on the right hand of the Majesty on high" ( Hebrews 1:3 ), and who shall come to "sit" there where the usurper had sat ( Matthew 26:64 ). Revelation 11:2 Revelation 11:3 Revelation 11:9 Revelation 11:11 . Compare Ezekiel 38:2 Ezekiel 38:3 Ezekiel 38:6 Ezekiel 38:9 Ezekiel 38:10 Ezekiel 38:13 Ezekiel 38:14 Ezekiel 38:16 , as to Tyre, the type of Antichrist, characterized by similar blasphemous arrogance.
5. Remember, &c.--confuting those who represent Paul as having labored under error as to Christ's immediate coming when writing his first Epistle, and as now correcting that error.
I told you--more than once, literally, "I was telling," or "used to tell."
6. now ye know--by my having told you. The power must have been one "known" to the Thessalonians.
what withholdeth--that which holds him back; "keeps him in check": the power that has restrained the man of sin from his full and final development, is the moral and conservative influence of political states [OLSHAUSEN]: the fabric of human polity as a coercive power; as "he who now letteth" refers to those who rule that polity by which the great upbursting of godlessness is kept down [ALFORD]. The "what withholdeth" refers to the general hindrance; "he who now letteth," to the person in whom that hindrance is summed up. Romanism, as a forerunner of Antichrist, was thus kept in check by the Romanemperor (the then representative of the coercive power) until Constantine, having removed the seat of empire to Constantinople, the Roman bishop by degrees first raised himself to precedency, then to primacy, and then to sole empire above the secular power. The historical fact from which Paul starts in his prediction was probably the emperor Claudius' expulsion of the Jews, the representative of the anti-Christian adversary in Paul's day, from Rome, thus "withholding" them in some degree in their attacks on Christianity; this suggested the principle holding good to the end of time, and about to find its final fulfilment in the removal of the withholding person or authority, whereupon Antichrist in his worst shape shall start up.
that he might be--Greek, "in order that": ye know that which keeps him back, in God's purposes, from being sooner manifested, "in order that he may be revealed in his own time" (that is, the time appointed by God to him as his proper time for being manifested), not sooner (compare Daniel 11:35 ). The removal of the withholding power will be when the civil polity, derived from the Roman empire, which is to be, in its last form, divided into ten kingdoms ( Revelation 17:3 Revelation 17:11-13 ), shall, with its leading representative head for the time being ("he who now letteth," Greek, "withholdeth," as in 2 Thessalonians 2:6 ), yield to the prevalent godless "lawlessness" with "the lawless one" as its embodiment. The elect Church and the Spirit cannot well be, as DE BURGH suggests, the withholding power meant; for both shall never be wholly "taken out of the way" ( Matthew 28:20 ). However, the testimony of the elect Church, and the Spirit in her, are the great hindrance to the rise of the apostasy; and it is possible that, though the Lord shall have a faithful few even then, yet the full energy of the Spirit in the visible Church, counteracting the energy or "working" of "the mystery of lawlessness" by the testimony of the elect, shall have been so far "taken out of the way," or set aside, as to admit the manifestation of "the lawless one"; and so DE BURGH'S'S view may be right ( Luke 18:8 Revelation 11:3-12 ). This was a power of which the Thessalonians might easily "know" through Paul's instruction.
7. the mystery of iniquity--the counterwork to "the mystery of godliness" ( 1 Timothy 3:16 ). Anti-Christianity latently working, as distinguished from its final open manifestation. "Mystery" in Scripture means, not what remains always a secret, but that which is for a while hidden, but in due time manifested (compare Ephesians 3:4 Ephesians 3:5 ). Satan will resort to a mode of opposition more conformed to the then imminent "appearing" and "presence" of the Saviour, and will anticipate Him with a last effort to maintain the dominion of the world [DE BURGH], just as at His first advent he rushed into open opposition, by taking possession of the bodies of men. "Iniquity," Greek, "lawlessness"; defiant rejection of God's law (compare Note, Zechariah 5:10 ). "Wickedness" (translated by the Septuagint by the same Greek, meaning "lawlessness," which Paul employs here), embodied there as a woman, answers to "the mystery of iniquity," here embodied finally in "the man of sin": as the former was ultimately banished for ever from the Holy Land to her own congenial soil, Babylon, so iniquity and the man of sin shall fall before Michael and the Lord Himself, who shall appear as the Deliverer of His people ( Daniel 12:1-3 Zechariah 14:3-9 ). Compare Matthew 12:43 . The Jewish nation dispossessed of the evil spirit, the demon of idolatry being cast out through the Babylonian captivity, receives ultimately a worse form of the evil spirit, Christ-opposing self-righteousness. Also, the Christian Church in course of time taken possession of by the demon of Romish idolatry, then dispossessed of it by the Reformation, then its house "garnished" by hypocrisy, secularity, and rationalism, but "swept empty" of living faith, then finally apostatizing and repossessed by "the man of sin," and outwardly destroyed for a brief time (though even then Christ shall have witnesses for Him among both the Jews, Zechariah 13:9 , and Gentiles, Matthew 28:20 ), when Christ shall suddenly come ( Daniel 11:32-45 Luke 18:7 Luke 18:8 ).
already--( 2 John 1:9:10 Colossians 2:18-23 1 Timothy 4:1 ); compare "even now already" ( 1 John 2:18 , 4:3 ) as distinguished from "in his own time" of being revealed hereafter. Antiquity, it appears from hence, is not a justification for unscriptural us.ages or dogmas, since these were "already," even in Paul's time, beginning to spring up: the written word is the only sure test. "Judaism infecting Christianity is the fuel; the mystery of iniquity is the spark." "It is one and the same impurity diffusing itself over many ages" [BENGEL].
only he who now letteth will let--The italicized words are not in the Greek. Therefore, translate rather, "only (that is, the continuance of the MYSTERY of iniquity-working will be only) until he who now withholdeth (the same Greek as in 2 Thessalonians 2:6 ) be taken out of the way." "Only (waiting, Hebrews 10:13 ) until he," &c. Then it will work no longer in mystery, but in open manifestation.
8. Translate, "the lawless one"; the embodiment of all the godless "lawlessness" which has been working in "mystery" for ages ( 2 Thessalonians 2:7 ): "the man of sin" ( 2 Thessalonians 2:3 ).
whom the Lord--Some of the oldest manuscripts read, "the Lord Jesus." How awful that He whose very name means God-Saviour, should appear as the Destroyer; but the salvation of the Church requires the destruction of her foe. As the reign of Israel in Canaan was ushered in by judgments on the nations for apostasy (for the Canaanites were originally worshippers of the true God: thus Melchisedek, king of Salem, was the "priest of the most high God," Genesis 14:18 : Ammon and Moab came from righteous Lot), so the Son of David's reign in Zion and over the whole earth, is to be ushered in by judgments on the apostate Christian world.
consume . . . and . . . destroy--So Daniel 7:26 , "consume and destroy"; Daniel 11:45 . He shall "consume" him by His mere breath ( Isaiah 11:4 , 30:33 ): the sentence of judgment being the sharp sword that goeth out of His mouth ( Revelation 19:15 Revelation 19:21 ). Antichrist's manifestation and destruction are declared in the same breath; at his greatest height he is nearest his fall, like Herod his type ( Isaiah 1:24-27 Acts 12:20-23 ). As the advancing fire, while still at a distance consumes little insects [CHRYSOSTOM] by its mere heat, so Christ's mere approach is enough to consume Antichrist. The mere "appearance of the coming" of the Lord of glory is sufficient to show to Antichrist his perfect nothingness. He is seized and "cast alive into the take of fire" ( Revelation 19:20 ). So the world kingdoms, and the kingdom of the beast, give place to that of the Son of man and His saints. The Greek for "destroy" means "abolish" (the same Greek is so translated, 2 Timothy 1:10 ); that is, cause every vestige of him to disappear. Compare as to Gog attacking Israel and destroyed by Jehovah (Ezekiel 38:1-39:29'), so as not to leave a vestige of him.
with the brightness of his coming--Greek, "the manifestation, (or appearance) of His presence": the first outburst of His advent--the first gleam of His presence--is enough to abolish utterly all traces of Antichrist, as darkness disappears before the dawning day. Next, his adherents are "slain with the sword out of His mouth" ( Revelation 19:21 ). BENGEL'S distinction between "the appearance of His coming" and the "coming" itself is not justified by 1 Timothy 6:14 , 2 Timothy 1:10 , 2 Timothy 4:1 2 Timothy 4:8 , Titus 2:13 , where the same Greek for "appearing" (English Version, here "the brightness") plainly refers to the coming itself. The expression, "manifestation (appearing) of His presence," is used in awful contrast to the revelation of the wicked one in the beginning of the verse.
9. whose coming--The same Greek as was used for the Lord's coming ( 2 Thessalonians 2:8 ) or personal "presence."
is--in its essential character.
after--according to the working ("energy") of Satan, as opposed to the energy or working of the Holy Spirit in the Church to Satan, his visible embodiment and manifestation: Satan works through him. Revelation 13:2 , "The dragon gave him (the beast) his power . . . seat . . . great authority."
lying wonders--literally, "wonders" or "prodigies of falsehood." His "power, signs, and wonders," all have falsehood for their base, essence, and aim ( John 8:44 ), [ALFORD]. In Matthew 24:24 Jesus implies that the miracles shall be real, though demoniac, such mysterious effects of the powers of darkness as we read of in the case of the Egyptian sorcerers, not such as Jesus performed in their character, power, or aim; for they are against the revealed Word, and therefore not to be accepted as evidences of truth; nay, on the authority of that sure Word of prophecy (here, and Matthew 24:24 ), to be known and rejected as wrought in support of falsehood ( Deuteronomy 13:1-3 Deuteronomy 13:5 , Galatians 1:8 Galatians 1:9 , Revelation 13:11-15 , 19:20 ). The same three Greek words occur for miracles of Jesus ( Acts 2:22 , Hebrews 2:4 ); showing that as the Egyptian magicians imitated Moses ( 2 Timothy 3:1-8 ), so Antichrist will try to imitate Christ's works as a "sign," or proof of divinity.
10. deceivableness--rather as Greek, "deceit of (to promote) unrighteousness" ( 2 Thessalonians 2:12 ).
in--The oldest manuscripts and versions omit "in." Translate, "unto them that are perishing" ( 2 Corinthians 2:15 2 Corinthians 2:16 , 4:3 ): the victims of him whose very name describes his perishing nature, "the son of perdition"; in contrast to you whom ( 2 Thessalonians 2:13 ) "God hath from the beginning chosen to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth."
because--literally, "in requital for"; in just retribution for their having no love for the truth which was within their reach (on account of its putting a check on their bad passions), and for their having "pleasure in unrighteousness" ( 2 Thessalonians 2:12 , Romans 1:18 ); they are lost because they loved not, but rejected, the truth which would have saved them.
received not--Greek, "welcomed not"; admitted it not cordially.
love of the truth--not merely love of truth, but love of THE truth (and of, Jesus who is the Truth, in opposition to Satan's "lie," 2 Thessalonians 2:9 2 Thessalonians 2:11 John 8:42-44 ), can save ( Ephesians 4:21 ). We are required not merely to assent to, but to love the truth ( Psalms 119:97 ). The Jews rejected Him who came in His divine Father's name; they will receive Antichrist coming in his own name ( John 5:43 ). Their pleasant sin shall prove their terrible scourge.
11. for this cause--because "they received not the love of the truth." The best safeguard against error is "the love of the truth."
shall send--Greek, "sends," or "is sending"; the "delusion" is already beginning. God judicially sends hardness of heart on those who have rejected the truth, and gives them up in righteous judgment to Satan's delusions ( Isaiah 6:9 Isaiah 6:10 Romans 1:24-26 Romans 1:28 ). They first cast off the love of the truth, then God gives them up to Satan's delusions, then they settle down into "believing the lie": an awful climax ( 1 Kings 22:22 1 Kings 22:23 , Ezekiel 14:9 , Job 12:16 , Matthew 24:5 Matthew 24:11 , 1 Timothy 4:1 ).
strong delusion--Greek, "the powerful working of error," answering to the energizing "working of Satan" ( 2 Thessalonians 2:9 ); the same expression as is applied to the Holy Ghost's operation in believers: "powerful" or "effectual (energizing) working" ( Ephesians 1:19 ).
believe a lie--rather, "the lie" which Antichrist tells them, appealing to his miracles as proofs of it . . . ( 2 Thessalonians 2:9 ).
12. they all . . . damned--rather as Greek, "that all," &c. He here states the general proposition which applies specially to Antichrist's adherents. Not all in the Church of Rome, or other anti-Christian systems, shall be damned, but only "all who believed not the truth," when offered to them, "but had pleasure in unrighteousness" ( Romans 1:32 , 2:8 ). Love of unrighteousness being the great obstacle to believing the truth.
13. But--In delightful contrast to the damnation of the lost ( 2 Thessalonians 2:12 ) stands the "salvation" of Paul's converts.
are bound--in duty ( 2 Thessalonians 1:3 ).
thanks . . . to God--not to ourselves, your ministers, nor to you, our converts.
beloved of the Lord--Jesus ( Romans 8:37 , Galatians 2:20 , Ephesians 5:2 Ephesians 5:25 ). Elsewhere God the Father is said to love us ( 2 Thessalonians 2:16 , John 3:16 , Ephesians 2:4 , Colossians 3:12 ). Therefore Jesus and the Father are one.
from the beginning--"before the foundation of the world" ( Ephesians 1:4 ; compare 1 Corinthians 2:7 , 2 Timothy 1:9 ); in contrast to those that shall "worship the beast, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world" ( Revelation 13:8 ). Some of the oldest manuscripts read as English Version, but other oldest manuscripts and Vulgate read, "as first-fruits." The Thessalonians were among the first converts in Europe (compare Romans 16:5 , 1 Corinthians 16:15 ). In a more general sense, it occurs in 1:18 , Revelation 14:4 ; so I understand it here including the more restricted sense.
chosen you--The Greek, is not the ordinary word for "elected," implying His eternal selection; but taken for Himself, implying His having adopted them in His eternal purpose. It is found in the Septuagint ( Deuteronomy 7:7 , 10:15 ).
through--rather as Greek, "in sanctification" as the element in which the choice to salvation had place (compare 1 Peter 1:2 ), standing in contrast to the "unrighteousness," the element in which Antichrist's followers are given over by God to damnation ( 2 Thessalonians 2:12 ).
of the Spirit--wrought by the Spirit who sanctifies all the elect people of God, first by eternally consecrating them to perfect holiness in Christ, once for all, next by progressively imparting it.
belief of the truth--contrasted with "believed not the truth" ( 2 Thessalonians 2:12 ).
14. you--The oldest manuscripts read, "us."
by our gospel--"through" the Gospel which we preach.
to . . . glory--In 2 Thessalonians 2:13 it was "salvation," that is, deliverance from all evil, of body and soul ( 1 Thessalonians 5:9 ); here it is positive good, even "glory," and that "the glory of our Lord Jesus" Himself, which believers are privileged to share with Him ( John 17:22 John 17:24 , Romans 8:17 Romans 8:29 , 2 Timothy 2:10 ).
15. Therefore--God's sovereign choice of believers, so far from being a ground for inaction on their part, is the strongest incentive to action and perseverance in it. Compare the argument, Philippians 2:12 Philippians 2:13 , "Work out your own salvation, FOR it is God which worketh in you," &c. We cannot fully explain this in theory; but to the sincere and humble, the practical acting on the principle is plain. "Privilege first, duty afterwards" [EDMUNDS].
stand fast--so as not to be "shaken or troubled" ( 2 Thessalonians 2:2 ).
hold--so as not to let go. Adding nothing, subtracting nothing [BENGEL]. The Thessalonians had not held fast his oral instructions but had suffered themselves to be imposed upon by pretended spirit-revelations, and words and letters pretending to be from Paul ( 2 Thessalonians 2:2 ), to the effect that "the day of the Lord was instantly imminent."
traditions--truths delivered and transmitted orally, or in writing ( 2 Thessalonians 3:6 , 1 Corinthians 11:2 ; Greek, "traditions"). The Greek verb from which the noun comes, is used by Paul in 1 Corinthians 11:2 1 Corinthians 11:3 1 Corinthians 15:3 . From the three passages in which "tradition" is used in a good sense, Rome has argued for her accumulation of uninspired traditions, virtually overriding God's Word, while put forward as of co-ordinate authority with it. She forgets the ten passages ( Matthew 15:2 Matthew 15:3 Matthew 15:6 , Mark 7:3 Mark 7:5 Mark 7:8 Mark 7:9 Mark 7:13 , Galatians 1:14 , Colossians 2:8 ) stigmatizing man's uninspired traditions. Not even the apostles' sayings were all inspired (for example, Peter's dissimulation, Galatians 2:11-14 ), but only when they claimed to be so, as in their words afterwards embodied in their canonical writings. Oral inspiration was necessary in their case, until the canon of the written Word should be complete; they proved their possession of inspiration by miracles wrought in support of the new revelation, which revelation, moreover, accorded with the existing Old Testament revelation; an additional test needed besides miracles (compare Deuteronomy 13:1-6 , Acts 17:11 ). When the canon was complete, the infallibility of the living men was transferred to the written Word, now the sole unerring guide, interpreted by the Holy Spirit. Little else has come down to us by the most ancient and universal tradition save this, the all-sufficiency of Scripture for salvation. Therefore, by tradition, we are constrained to cast off all tradition not contained in, or not provable by, Scripture. The Fathers are valuable witnesses to historical facts, which give force to the intimations of Scripture: such as the Christian Lord's day, the baptism of infants, and the genuineness of the canon of Scripture. Tradition (in the sense of human testimony) cannot establish a doctrine, but can authenticate a fact, such as the facts just mentioned. Inspired tradition, in Paul's sense, is not a supplementary oral tradition completing our written Word, but it is identical with the written Word now complete; then the latter not being complete, the tradition was necessarily in part oral, in part written, and continued so until, the latter being complete before the death of St. John, the last apostle, the former was no longer needed. Scripture is, according to Paul, the complete and sufficient rule in all that appertains to making "the man of God perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works" ( 2 Timothy 3:16 2 Timothy 3:17 ). It is by leaving Paul's God-inspired tradition for human traditions that Rome has become the forerunner and parent of the Antichrist. It is striking that, from this very chapter denouncing Antichrist. she should draw an argument for her "traditions" by which she fosters anti-Christianity. Because the apostles' oral word was as trustworthy as their written word, it by no means follows that the oral word of those not apostles is as trustworthy as the written word of those who were apostles or inspired evangelists. No tradition of the apostles except their written word can be proved genuine on satisfactory evidence. We are no more bound to accept implicitly the Fathers' interpretations of Scripture, because we accept the Scripture canon on their testimony, than we are bound to accept the Jews' interpretation of the Old Testament, because we accept the Old Testament canon on their testimony.
our epistle--as distinguished from a "letter AS from us," 2 Thessalonians 2:2 , namely, that purports to be from us, but is not. He refers to his first Epistle to the Thessalonians.
16, 17. himself--by His own might, as contrasted with our feebleness; ensuring the efficacy of our prayer. Here our Lord Jesus stands first; in 1 Thessalonians 3:11 , "God our Father."
which . . . loved us--in the work of our redemption. Referring both to our Lord Jesus ( Romans 8:37 , Galatians 2:20 ) and God our Father ( John 3:16 ).
everlasting consolation--not transitory, as worldly consolations in trials ( Romans 8:38 Romans 8:39 ). This for all time present, and then "good hope" for the future [ALFORD].
through grace--rather as Greek "IN grace"; to be joined to "hath given." Grace is the element in which the gift was made.
17. Comfort your hearts--unsettled as you have been through those who announced the immediate coming of the Lord.
good word and work--The oldest manuscripts invert the order, "work and word." Establishment in these were what the young converts at Thessalonica needed, not fanatical teaching (compare 1 Corinthians 15:58 ).


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The Power of White
By Alyssa Wolfe
Rustic Chic
The dining room in the Victorian-style London home of Suzanne and Christopher Sharpthe founders of the Rug Companyhas a bohemian spirit. French Provincial chairs and mother-of-pearl chairs from India surround an oak table that belonged to Suzannes grandmother. The Sharps found the wrought-iron chandelier in a Cairo souk, and the antique crystal mirror was purchased from a London antiques.
Pared to Perfection
Architect Richard Gluckman created this gallery-like space in Kim Heirston and Pentti Kouri's loft in New York's SoHo district. Gluckman designed the cocktail table to compliment a pair of minimalist linen-covered sofas.
Sleeping Beauty
Former New York City Ballet dancer Rita Noroña Schrager enlisted the help of designer Hernán Arriaga for her Southampton, New York, home, whose bright, airy rooms were inspired by the Delano hotel in Miami Beach. The bed is from Cyrus Co., the rug is from DDC, and the crystal chandelier was found at English Country Antiques, a Hamptons shop.
Serene Setting
In an actress's Malibu beach house, designer Kerry Joyce gave the master bath a sense of serenity with a pale palette and inviting vintage-style tub. Sheer white curtains frame a balcony that overlooks the Pacific.
A Modern Farmhouse
Interior designer Darryl Carter is known for strong silhouettes and neutral palettes, and his own "modern barn," as he calls it, is no different. The living room of the 19th-century Virginia farmhouse is rustic yet chic, with an antique wing chair, a Carter-designed sofa, and white wood-plank floors; Carter had the fireplace pargeted in stucco, and installed curtains of an ebony cotton by Manuel Canovas.
Mix and Match
Designer Gabriel de la Portilla conjured a modern dining room with whimsical touches for Rita Noroña Schrager and her daughters in their New York City apartment overlooking the Hudson River. The Tulip chairs by Knoll are upholstered in flokati sheepskin rugs from ABC Carpet & Home and surround a Saarinen-style dining table, also from ABC Carpet & Home. A 1950s aluminum-antler chair by Arthur Court, purchased from Mondo Cane, adds a quirky note.
Rustic Charm
At her lakeside cottage in upstate New York, editor/designer Dara Caponigro used shades of white to create a sense of calm. White paint coats the rafters and floors of the master bedroom, while mosquito netting from ABC Carpet & Home adds a touch of romance to the space; white linen sheets by Area complete the look.
Surf's Up
It's hard to find anything in designer Brian Murphy's Santa Monica, California, cottage that isn't white. His strategy: "a massive whiteout," which makes the 700-square-foot space feel larger—from the 19th-century canvas-covered recamier to the surfboard that serves as a light fixture... and even down to the stools and candlesticks.
Mountain Living
Decorator Randall A. Ridless designed a white oasis in the master bath of Mary and Carl Siegel's Jackson Hole, Wyoming, vacation home. The nickel lantern is by Charles Edwards, and the Vaughan sconces flank a mirror by Waterworks.
In the bedrooms in Bobbie and Lew Frankfort's beach getaway in the Hamptons, interior designer Delphine Krakoff adds punches of color to pure-white spaces. Each room features a signature nautical flag custom made of Coach leather. Next to the bed in their daughter Tamara's room is a white-lacquer bedside table from Cappellini Modern Age. The table lamps are by Philippe Starck for Flos; a white shade, curtains, and bedding add to the room's clean, crisp look.
Vintage Flair
Vintage-fashion purveyor Keni Valenti used white to unify the diverse and quirky furnishings in the dining area of his Miami Beach home, painting the dining chairs, a wood chandelier, porcelain figures, and a Brueton pedestal table—all of which are vintage. The mirrored wall emphasizes the monochromatic scheme.

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text:
Hamilton's student body is undergoing a purposeful transformation as we seek to achieve a demographic mirroring the coming generation of college-bound students. Our student body is increasingly diverse, and we want to continue that trend so that all our students — minority and majority alike — are prepared for citizenship in a global community. Ultimately, we want to continue fostering an intellectual atmosphere that reflects our commitment to exploring and acknowledging the significance of different ideas and perspectives. We expect Hamilton to be transformed, even as it transforms those who come here.
Non-resident Alien: 4.6%
Hispanic: 7.7%
Black or African-American, Non-Hispanic: 3.8%
American Indian or Alaska Native, Non-Hispanic: 0.0%
Asian, Non-Hispanic: 6.8%
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, Non-Hispanic: 0.0%
Two or more races, Non-Hispanic: 3.0%
White, Non-Hispanic: 62.5%
Race/Ethnicity Unknown: 11.6%
Mid-Atlantic: 46%
New England: 27%
Midwest: 7%
South: 7%
Southwest: 1%
West: 7%
Foreign: 6%
First-Year Pell Grant recipients: 17%
Percent of Students Receiving Financial Aid: approximately half
Average Financial Aid Package: $40,900
Hamilton-funded financial aid: $34,000,000


text:
Feds charge Jesse Jackson Jr., Sandi Jackson
BY NATASHA KORECKI, MARY MITCHELL, MICHAEL SNEED, FRAN SPIELMAN AND LYNN SWEET Staff Reporters February 15, 2013 12:12PM
Jesse Jr. and Sandi Jackson in February 2007 when she won her race for alderman. | JON SALL~SUN-TIMES
Related Documents
Article Extras
Updated: March 17, 2013 6:42PM
It began with a "suspicious activity report."
A bank-generated report that flags questionable activity in an account regulated by the FDIC found its way into the hands of an FBI agent in Washington D.C.
The red-lighted bank account: A congressman from Illinois.
And so began the investigation that brought charges Friday against former U.S. Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr. and his wife, Sandi, once one of Chicago's most powerful political couples.
He's now accused of allegedly misusing $750,000 in campaign funds. She's been named a co-conspirator and faces a separate charge.
The former congressman faces up to 57 months in prison but his lawyers can argue for as little time as probation.
Court documents made public Friday alleged long-term, brazen behavior by husband and wife, specifically that the two dipped into the campaign fund to live well beyond their means.
That meant dropping thousands of dollars on furs, Michael Jackson collectibles, a $43,000 gold Rolex watch, Martin Luther King Jr. treasures, $10,000 in children's furniture and thousands of dollars in Bruce Lee memorabilia, according to charges.
On one day, for instance, in November of 2009, Jesse Jackson Jr., 47, whose district includes one of the most crime-ridden and most economically-depressed in the state, spent $5,000 on four fur coats, including a mink reversible parka for $1,200, a black fox reversible for $1,500 and two capes — one mink and the other black and red cashmere.
News of the charges upstaged a Chicago appearance by President Barack Obama, who spoke about gun violence and the economy just one block from Jackson Jr.'s old 2nd Congressional District.
Authorities say the Jacksons hid their behavior by falsifying financial disclosure reports with the federal elections commission, often mis-identifying the items as legitimate campaign expenditures.
Included in the long list of alleged illegal purchases were two transactions that happened just weeks before Jesse Jackson Jr. sat down for an interview with the FBI in 2009 — on another case. Then, Jackson was questioned about his alleged role in offering Rod Blagojevich campaign money in exchange for Obama's U.S. Senate seat. Jackson was not charged in that case.
But his allegedly illicit spending continued after that, according to court papers, until about a month before he disappeared from Congress last year, saying he suffered from depression. Sources have told the Sun-Times that federal authorities believed Jackson found out about the investigation before he left June 10, 2012. He did not announce his leave for two weeks then family and aides gave evolving reasons for his departure. Eventually, bipolar depression was cited.
Last October, the Sun-Times first reported that Jesse Jackson Jr. faced a federal investigation because of suspicious activity in his congressional account. Earlier this month, the Sun-Times reported Sandi Jackson, 49, was also the target of an investigation.
At one point, the investigation involved a minor undercover operation involving the purchase of two mounted Elk heads that the congressman had bought from a Montana taxidermist with campaign funds, according to a source close to the case.
Jackson Jr. was charged with four charges — conspiracy, making false statements, and mail and wire fraud. His wife, former Ald. Sandi Jackson, was charged in a separate information with filing false tax returns from 2006 to 2011. Each plans to plead guilty, according court papers and sources.
Both Jacksons are expected to appear in court in Washington D.C. mid-week next week, possibly Wednesday. Also expected to be released next week is a statement of facts, which will lay out more specifics about the government's case against the Jacksons.
One source close to the case said the two could appear in district court on the same day but would go before judges at different times. Sandi Jackson acted as her husband's campaign manager and for years was paid out of his fund $5,000 every month in that role.
The charges against the Jacksons, once a political power couple, were stunning even in a city that's almost immune to public corruption charges. Until late last month, Illinois' two previous governors were sitting in different federal prisons for separate crimes. Three state lawmakers are facing criminal charges, including one accused of taking a bribe on tape.
In a statement issued through his lawyers, Jackson Jr. said: "Over the course of my life I have come to realize that none of us are immune from our share of shortcomings and human frailties. Still I offer no excuses for my conduct and I fully accept my responsibility for the improper decisions and mistakes I have made. To that end I want to offer my sincerest apologies to my family, my friends and all of my supporters for my errors in judgment and while my journey is not yet complete, it my hope that I am remembered for things that I did right."
Sandi Jacksons' attorneys, Dan Webb and Tom Kirsch released a statement saying the former alderman reached an agreement to plead guilty to one count of tax fraud.
"Ms. Jackson has accepted responsibility for her conduct, is deeply sorry for her actions, and looks forward to putting this matter behind her and her family. She is thankful for the support of her family and friends during this very difficult time."
In an interview with the Sun-Times before the charges were filed, the former congressman's father, the Rev. Jesse Jackson, said he was huddled with his son and family in Washington, D.C, "being very prayerful."
Jackson Sr. made no effort to hide how excruciating it has been to watch his son and namesake resign and face a substantial prison sentence.
"This is a painful ordeal, but with love and prayer, we'll get through it," said the elder Jackson, who has had a strained relationship with his son over the years.
Jackson Sr. said his son, who has been treated for bipolar disorder, "still has substantial health problems that he is struggling with, and he is on a serious medical regimen."
Jackson Sr. was asked whether he was either embarrassed or surprised at his son's lavish spending on items.
He cut off the conversation, telling the Chicago Sun-Times, "I can't comment on any of that. I could not and should not. I don't know enough about it. We're close enough to remain prayerful and supportive. But, I don't know anything about the legal details."
On Saturday, Jackson Sr. via a telephone call addressed a crowd at Rainbow/PUSH, thanking everyone for their calls and prayers.
"This is a storm. But it will pass," he said.
Jackson Jr. could face 46 to 57 months under sentencing guidelines and be ordered to pay hundreds of thousands of dollars in forfeiture and restitution.
The former congressman resigned from office in November amid the pressures of a federal criminal investigation and a diagnosis of bipolar depression.
His wife resigned from her job as 7th Ward alderman last month, citing "very painful family health matters."
"If Jesse had any fight in him, he could have fought this," said another source close to Jackson Jr.
"He has tried to everything possible to stand up and be a man and to protect his wife..." the source said.
Jackson Sr. said he had planned to be in Chicago on Friday to discuss gun violence issues with Obama, but canceled those plans because "of what is happening today."
Throughout his tenure, the younger Jackson remained politically popular in his district, which he represented for 17 years. He easily raised campaign money and almost always spent it all — even though he repeatedly won re-election handily, with no opposition or minor competition at best. According to the Center for Responsive Politics, Jackson's biggest donor over his tenure as a congressman was Exelon, its company's employees and PAC combined donated more than $85,000. Organized labor poured more than $1 million into his account over the years.
Some of Jackson's purchases came from Edwards-Lowell, a Beverly Hills, Calif., fur salon, in business since 1940. A woman picking up the phone there would not comment. Antiquities of Nevada runs Antiquities, a memorabilia seller located in the Forum Shops of the Ceasar's Palace casino in Las Vegas. A manager said he could not discuss customer purchases and that he was not personally familiar with the congressman.
Contributing: Art Golab


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VinoCellier Glass Door Wine Cabinet - Black Model:VT-CAVEG
VinoCellier Glass Door Wine Cabinet - Black
Both dependable and dynamic, the VinoCellier Glass Door Wine Cabinet (VT-CAVESG) is perfect for those who are serious about aging and preserving their wine collection. This cabinet is heavily insulated, has an ambient temperature range of 32-86°F and has a built-in hygrometer to gauge humidity, ensuring your wine's conservation even when placed in a garage or basement, but the quiet, compressor-based cooling system makes it so that you can place the cabinet inside, as well. This unit can hold approximately 267 bottles of wine, and the five (5) included wooden shelves are adjustable and can be positioned in three (3) different ways: either to slide out, for bulk storage, or as an attractive display.
This cabinet has an adjustable temperature control with digital display, and a controller built in to the roof, making it so that you can hide or display it. Although this cabinet only comes with five (5) shelves, it can hold up to thirteen.
Wide Ambient Temperature Range:
This cabinet's ambient temperature range of 32-86°F make it so that you can confidently store your wine in a garage or basement267-Bottle Capacity:
This cabinet can hold approximately 267 bottles of wineBuilt-In Hygrometer:
A built-in hygrometer makes it so that you can easily gauge humidity
Please Note: This item is delivered using White Glove Service.
- Model: VT-CAVEG
- Brand: VinoCellier
- Freestanding
- Five adjustable wooden shelves
- Built-in hygrometer
- Locking door
- Controller placed on outside of unit
- Digital display
- Warranty: 1 year
- VinoCellier Solid Door Wine Cabinet
- Color: Black
- Quiet, compressor-based cooling system
- Bottle capacity: 267
- Temperature range: 48-59°F
- Ambient temperature range: 32-86°F
- Input voltage: 120 V/60 Hz
- Weight: 174.5 lbs.
- Dimensions: 71.25" H x 26.8" W x 26.8" D


text: I had a missing grommet on an rv stove Connie H. • Ocala, FL • November 11, 2014 My Repair & Advice I ordered enough new grommets to replace all existing. Then I cleaned and saved the 7 old ones just for emergencies. I first ordered the wrong size grommet, but after finding the model number of our stove, it was so easy to order the correct ones and I had them the NEXT day!! Awesome service!! Was this review helpful to you?


text:
Oral History Program Margaret Huebert Interviewed by Marci Farr 10 August 2010 Oral History Program Weber State University Stewart Library Ogden, Utah Margaret Huebert Interviewed by Marci Farr 10 August 2010 Copyright © 2010 by Weber State University, Stewart Library Mission Statement The Oral History Program of the Stewart Library was created to preserve the institutional history of Weber State University and the Davis, Ogden and Weber County communities. By conducting carefully researched, recorded, and transcribed interviews, the Oral History Program creates archival oral histories intended for the widest possible use. Interviews are conducted with the goal of eliciting from each participant a full and accurate account of events. The interviews are transcribed, edited for accuracy and clarity, and reviewed by the interviewees (as available), who are encouraged to augment or correct their spoken words. The reviewed and corrected transcripts are indexed, printed, and bound with photographs and illustrative materials as available. Archival copies are placed in Special Collections. The Stewart Library also houses the original recording so researchers can gain a sense of the interviewee's voice and intonations. Project Description The St. Benedict's School of Nursing was founded in 1947 by the Sisters of Mount Benedict. The school operated from April 1947 to 1968. Over the forty-one year period, the school had 605 students and 357 graduates. In 1966, the program became the basis for Weber State College's Practical Nursing Program. This oral history project was created to capture the memories of the graduates and to add to the history of nursing education in Ogden. The interviews focus on their training, religion, and experiences working with doctors, nurses, nuns, and patients at St. Benedict's Hospital. This project received funding from the Utah Humanities Council and the Utah Division of State History. ____________________________________ Oral history is a method of collecting historical information through recorded interviews between a narrator with firsthand knowledge of historically significant events and a well-informed interviewer, with the goal of preserving substantive additions to the historical record. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account. It reflects personal opinion offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. ____________________________________ Rights Management Special Collections All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to the Stewart Library of Weber State University. No part of the manuscript may be published without the written permission of the University Librarian. Requests for permission to publish should be addressed to the Administration Office, Stewart Library, Weber State University, Ogden, Utah, 84408. The request should include identification of the specific item and identification of the user. It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows: Margaret Huebert, an oral history by Marci Farr, 10 August 2010, WSU Stewart Library Oral History Program, Special Collections, Stewart Library, Weber State University, Ogden, UT. iii Margaret Huebert Graduation Photo Class of 1961 Margaret Huebert 2010 1 Abstract: This is an oral history interview with Margaret Huebert, conducted by Marci Farr and Sarah Langsdon, on August 10, 2010. In this interview, Margaret discusses her recollections and experiences with the St. Benedict's School of Nursing. MF: This is Marci Farr; we are interviewing Margaret Huebert. She graduated in 1961 from St. Benedict's School of Nursing. Margaret, how are you today? MH: I'm just great. MF: Good. Will you just start by telling us a little bit about your early life and your family? MH: I was born in Idaho Falls, Idaho, and I was raised in a small town north of Idaho Falls called Mud Lake. My father died – he was struck by lightning – when I was four years old. My father was a farmer, and we moved from this small town into Idaho Falls. I was the middle child, with brothers on both sides of me. My first education was at a Catholic school. My secondary education was at a public school, ninth through twelfth, and then I went down to St. Benedict's in Ogden. The reason why I went into nursing – I had four cousins, and whenever we got together, we always played nursing. We just wanted to take care of people, we dressed our dolls, we took care of our dolls, and that's what we did. The four of us – three became RNs, and one was an LPN. Out of the three that was RNs, two of them taught at universities, and then there was me, and the other was an LPN, and she's still working – in home health and hospice. 2 I chose St. Benedict's to go to school because it was the closest Catholic school to Idaho Falls. Were there assessments that had to be made to go to St. Benedict's? I was supposed to send my grades down there, and I did, and nothing was said about my grades. I went to Idaho Falls to see my mother not very long ago, and she gave me my report card. I looked at it, and I said, "How in the world did they ever accept me at St. Benedict's? My grades were horrible!" And they never said anything about my grades, and I had to have a physical. When the doctor got done doing the physical, he said, "Well, you've got flat feet!" My mother was all upset, and she said, "I'll bet the nuns won't take you, your feet are too flat!" But the nuns never once mentioned that I had flat feet. So I made it, and no one said anything. MF: That's good. MH: Right, it was a good thing. MF: When you were in high school, did you take any classes that helped with nursing? MH: I had to have Latin, and I had to have algebra and geometry and chemistry. And I passed them all. Algebra was a struggle, but I passed it. Geometry was not so hard. Chemistry was good, I enjoyed it a lot. So I guess I made it by the skin of my teeth. MF: Well, that's good. MH: I don't think they really said much about your grades. I was surprised, when I looked at my grades, because I had a son who is an RN as well now. They really 3 talked about his grades when he was going to school, but nothing was ever said about my grades. MF: Tell us a little bit about your first impressions. Was this your first time away from home? MH: Yes, absolutely, and I was so homesick I was actually sick. It was two hundred miles from Idaho Falls, and of course we didn't have any cars down there at that time, nobody had a car. I didn't have a boyfriend, so we were stuck there. The nuns tried to entertain us. They'd have picnics and all kinds of parties and things like that. They did a pretty good job of entertaining us. After we were there for two or three weeks, I took the bus home. Well, we did all right, you know. It was just, after a little while you got used to being there. I did appreciate it that the nuns really did take care of us. We did have a house mother. MF: Okay. MH: We had roommates, and the home was clean and nice. The food was good; they used to make homemade bread, which was always good. MF: Who was your roommate in the nurses' home? MH: I had a roommate, her last name was Rady. I can't remember what her first name was. Vicky Rady, I think it was. MF: Did you spend all three years together? MH: No, we didn't. We spent two years together, and then the last year I was in a room by myself. Were the sisters strict? We used to sneak in the back door. We were supposed to be in by eleven, I think. On Saturday night we had a little bit later 4 curfew, and we were supposed to go down in the basement and go down through the tunnels, and we'd kind of sneak down underneath there sometimes and get away with it. Sometimes we didn't get away with it, but most times we did. The sisters were pretty strict about our grades while we were there. Was there a probationary period while you were in training? Yes, there was. We had to keep our grades up. The nun that taught us dietary, she was very strict, and the pharmacy nun was strict as well. Also, when we started to work on the floor – we were having anatomy and physiology, and that class was taught right after we worked on the floor - she always gave us a quiz when we first started class. If we weren't there for the whole class, for the quiz, we got an F. So, let me tell you, we were there. If we were supposed to give someone a bath, that person got a slipshod bath. You knew you had to get it done, so you got it done. MF: Did you have classes from Weber? MH: We did not – we never did. The doctors taught us, and the nuns taught us. They taught us everything. MF: That was our question. Because the Dee school had some with Weber, so we were just wondering about that. MH: We went to Denver for pediatrics, and we also went to Hasting, Nebraska for our psychology, and we also had some chronic nursing at the Tuberculosis Sanitorium. But that wasn't at Weber. Who were some of the instructors? Nuns, doctors – we had one doctor, he taught pulmonary, and that was when cigarettes were first being said as being a 5 cause for lung cancer. He came in, was teaching about it, and he lit up a cigarette. MF: Wow. MH: Yeah, right. So you know he didn't believe in that. MF: That is crazy. MH: A lot of my classmates were all from Wyoming. We had one from Ogden, and there was one – Stella Shortie, she was from the Indian Reservation. MF: Oh, wow. MH: She was a beautiful woman, very beautiful. What were some of the rules? Oh, we had a curfew. We were not allowed to smoke or drink in the dorms, and we never did. There was enough nuns around there to watch out that we never did smoke or drink in the dormitory. If we were going to do that sort of thing, we would always just check out to somebody's house and stay there overnight. What did you do to have fun on your night off? Well, sometimes we would go to downtown to a movie. We'd take the bus. We'd have to go early enough, because we'd have to take the bus back if we didn't have a ride. We used to go down to an ice cream place at the bottom of the hill called Judy's. We'd go down there and get ice cream, we'd walk down and walk back. It wasn't that far. Were you allowed to get married in training? No. Absolutely not. If you got into the pregnancy problem, you were out. We did have one girl that got pregnant, and she left. When were you first assigned on the floor? I think we were there about three months when we were first assigned. We went in and gave baths. That was 6 the first thing we had to do, and by that time they would teach us in the classroom how to give a shot. First we learned how to give a bath, and how to give shots and things like that. Then they would take us out on the floor with an instructor, and then we would give shots, pass medicines with the instructor standing right there teaching us, watching us how we did it. So we had very good supervision. We were watched close about how we did it. MF: When you first started. MH: The capping ceremony – we had uniforms which we wore, and it seems like it was at a church that we had the capping ceremony. It's also at a church where the graduation was held, and we all wore the same uniform, long-sleeved uniform. How long were you assigned to each floor? After we had all gone through the part where we learned how to do shots and the beginning of nursing, we were assigned each floor for three months. And that was after we got our caps. Then we went on rotations, and we were assigned there for three months. Then the floor supervisor kind of watched out for us. MF: So did you have different shifts? MH: Yes. Then we started having different shifts, and we worked nights and everything. The whole thing. They assigned us – we were like one of the staff by that time. MF: Okay. MH: Also, we would do everything, anything that had to be done. We'd get people ready for surgery; by then we were working in surgery. 7 MF: So did you get paid at all? MH: No, no pay. MF: So it was just your training. MH: Sometimes if we needed money, then we put our name on a list, and then we'd work on our days off. We got paid then, and I think we got paid nurse's aides wages, was what it was. MF: Okay. MH: I remember one – the next question is, "Tell us about some of the patients you cared for." When I first got into nurses' training, I started working on the floor, and I was assigned to a diabetic. He was a new diabetic, so I had an instructor with me, and I was teaching him how to give his own shots. I don't remember that part of him. So I was teaching, and I was learning, and I was supposed to be teaching him, and learning how to do that sort of thing. Then when I was a senior, I happened to have that same patient again. And that time, he had not been taking care of himself diabetic-wise. And he was in diabetic coma, and I thought to myself, this is a good teaching experience for me, because he was not doing what he should be doing, and he was really in bad shape. So I thought, yeah, you know, buddy, you didn't do what you were supposed to be doing, good thing I was doing what I was supposed to be doing! MF: Absolutely. MH: Now, were there any traditions at St. Benedict's? Yes, there were. When we were freshmen – or one time during our training, we all had a big party with a boys' school, a men's school. We had that every fall, and it was part of the 8 holidays. So the boys come over to St. Benedict's, and we had a dinner and a dance. It was a nice time. We all had dates – the boys came over, and we dated these guys. MF: Was this group from Ogden, do you know? MH: Yes, they were. Another thing we had – we used to sing for the doctors, they had some kind of a medical meeting, and students used to sing at this medical meeting. Those two I remember. And we always had a picnic up at Weber Canyon. We always would go up there and have a picnic, and the nuns would come along. MF: That's good. Do you remember what your tuition costs were for the three years? MH: No, I don't remember. I did pay for them myself. In those days they didn't have student grants or anything like that. It was all out-of-pocket. MF: What do you think was your greatest challenge being a nurse when you were in training? MH: My greatest challenge. I do believe that it was learning to be self-reliant. Learning to apply the things which we learned in class, and using them to take care of people. MF: That would be hard. Because I think as far as like the confidence, trying to make sure you knew what you were doing. MH: And taking it to the next level – learning it in the classroom and then applying it when you got down on the floor. Another thing that I did, and I remember doing this at the time, and I thought afterwards, when I got – this is when I was working nights – we used to take charge at night, when I was a student. 9 MF: Okay. MH: One time, this is when we had a psych ward down in the basement of the hospital. We would go down there, just before we left in the morning, and start insulin therapy on these patients. They used that instead of using shock therapy. At the time I thought, so we start the IV insulin on these people, I was a student. I didn't know beans from buckshot about stuff like that. And then we would get it started, and I suppose a night aide – I don't even remember who took over after we would leave – then we would go back upstairs and circulate on the other floors, give report on whatever floor we were working on, and leave this patient with this IV insulin going. MF: Wow. That is scary. Oh my goodness. MH: Wow is right. After I graduated from nurses' training and was working in – I suppose when I got working in psych – I thought, what in the world were we thinking? MF: That is scary. It could have gone wrong so many ways. MH: So many ways, and who would have been responsible for it but the dumb student? I didn't even – you know. I'll bet no one else – I don't know who would have thought about that? I never thought about it until I was working at Hastings, and it dawned on me, wow, that was stupid. MF: That is crazy. MH: But you know, they told you to go down and do it, you did it. MF: You did it, exactly, you didn't disobey. Where was your nursing home located? Was it behind the hospital? 10 MH: Yes it was. Right. Up on the hill. MF: You mentioned graduation was at a church. MH: It was at a church – I think it must have been at the cathedral downtown. MF: Okay. So St. Joseph's Cathedral? What were your impressions about that day? MH: I thought it was just wonderful. I had waited for that for a long time. MF: It was a good reward for all of that effort, huh? MH: Yes, it was. MF: So, did you stay at St. Benedict's after you graduated? MH: No, I didn't. I was engaged at the time, and I came back to Idaho Falls, and worked for about three months, and then I married and I moved to York, Nebraska, where I live right now, and I'm married to the same person, and I had three children. MF: And then you continued working while you were in Nebraska? MH: I started working floor duty, and then worked in a nursing home – while I was in nursing home, I taught nurses nursing assistant work, then I ended up being director of nursing. I retired in 2000. MF: Do you remember anything about your graduation ceremony, what took place? MH: I remember that the sister that went to school with us was the best nurse that graduated. I can't remember what her name was now, but she was the nurse that did. We all had to have the same uniform, and of course we all got new shoes – we always had to wear white socks. We had a cape – I still have that cape. MF: Oh good, I love the capes. They're so beautiful. 11 MH: Yes, they were beautiful. I wore it when I first started working, because it was warmer than my coat. MF: Yes, they are really warm. MH: They are warm, yes. MF: How do you think nursing has changed over the years? MH: One big change is computers. And when I was working in the nursing home here, we switched over from all hard copy to computers. It goes so much faster. My son is a Registered Nurse, and actually, he doesn't work as a Registered Nurse, he installs pacemakers. His wife is a Registered Nurse, and she works with children – she does kidney dialysis. MF: Oh, okay. MH: Actually, she does the same thing – everything is computerized. Working with computers has really made it so much better, because everybody can spend more time with their patients. They're more interested in patient care, not so much that you have to get it down on paper, because with a computer you can sit down and get it done in no time flat. You don't have to worry so much about writing it all down in long hand. MF: That's absolutely true. Do you think, though, as far as your training, you were more hands on? MH: Yes. MF: And with the patients, you had to spend the time, the machine wasn't there to do it. 12 MH: Yes. After I graduated from nurses' training, I started working at the York hospital here; my training was excellent. I knew what to do, I knew how to take care of anyone, any kind of a disease, because I'd rotated through from OB to surgery to Med/Surg, everything. After I had rotated then, on this rotation, and I came to work here, I knew every facet of nursing. A young girl came here to work, and she was actually my age – she had graduated from college as a Registered Nurse. When she came to work, and she didn't know how to do anything. She had never taken blood pressure. She didn't know how to do anything. I had to teach her how to do blood pressures. I had to teach her how to give a shot. I had to teach her everything, because she didn't know. MF: Because it was more book learning. MH: Book learning. She knew everything the book had to teach her, but she didn't know how to apply it. So… but she had a college degree, and I didn't have a college degree. MF: So your training obviously served you very well after graduation. MH: It served me very well. Much better than hers was, which was kind of a shame. MF: When you were rotating, what was your favorite floor? MH: Oh, I loved OB, I liked psych, I liked surgery – I liked surgery real well. The only thing I can say that I didn't really like – well, I can't say that I didn't like it, but it wasn't my favorite, and that's Med/Surg. MF: Okay. MH: I don't care much about it, but it's not something I would – if I had my choices, I wouldn't go for it. 13 MF: That would be hard. Do you remember when you first started, maybe one of your hardest patients that you had to take care of? MH: Let's see – I think the hardest patient to take care of is someone who is very, very obese. They're so hard to move around in a bed, and to roll them from side to side, and to keep them off of their back, because they get bed sores so quickly. Especially if they've had surgery, they don't want to move, because it hurts. It is so hard to take care of them. MF: That would be really hard. Have you stayed in contact with your classmates over the years? MH: No. MF: Okay. So, Sarah, did you have anything else? All right. MH: I'm looking for a picture of myself lately, but I'm having a little trouble finding one. So if I don't find one right away, how long do I have to get one down there? MF: A couple of months. MH: I'll have one by that time, I'm sure. MF: You'll be absolutely fine. MH: Okay. I'll do that. MF: Well, we appreciate you calling, and we're grateful to have you be a part of this project. We appreciate you taking time with us, and I hope you have a great day! MH: Okay. Thank you.
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Over the last few years, the landscape industry has returned to growth mode. This increases the competition and forces you to re-examine your bid process to lower your costs and win more bids. How can you be competitive, continue to be profitable, and win more bids? Follow some of these rules before, during and after the bid process and you'll win more bids.
Prequalify each and every bid request. Asking qualifying questions before you accept the bid request could save time and money. Knowing your niche will help you focus on the type of work that will allow you to become more profitable in the long run. Some jobs may be too large or too small, out of your service area, or not part of your specialty.
The location of the property will be critical if you focus mainly on residential work. The smaller the job, the less revenue it will provide you and the profit margin will diminish. Gas prices are increasing, causing your vendors to increase their prices. Windshield time and fuel costs should force you to build up specific areas to remain competitive and profitable.
Also, ask why they're requesting a bid. Many commercial property management companies require three to five bids. Are they calling you just for an extra bid? Figure out how large the job is to help determine if it can be measured in the time allowed. You don't want to lose a bid by not giving yourself enough time to get the bid together. If it helps, put together a questionnaire for all your prospects when they call for a bid request.
Once you're confident that you want to bid the property, set up a time to meet with the property manager to go over specifics and measure the job while onsite.
Walk the property with the manager if possible. Find out what kind of quality the manager is looking for. This is also a good time to investigate further the reason they're going out to bid.
Are they looking for lower cost due to a smaller budget? Or are they unsatisfied with the service or quality they're currently receiving?
Put together a portfolio of your current or past jobs and share it with the property manager. This will provide the prospect with confidence in the quality of service your company can provide to them. Everyone says they provide the best service and quality for the price, but giving them proof that you're reliable and can deliver value will help justify your claims.
If you find out that price is a big factor in their decision process (When isn't it?), don't become discouraged. Price is always a key factor, but an equally large - and often larger - factor is trust. By building a relationship of trust with them, they may pull for you if the price differences of the bids are close. While you're walking the property, point out any irrigation leaks that may need repair, possible plant replacements, or anything that shows you're taking an added interest in the curb appeal of their property.
Building a relationship will take time and effort. If you've built that relationship and feel comfortable, ask what the budget constraints are for that property. If you know you cannot stay within that budget be prepared to offer budget alternatives. This can include changing the amount of services included in the monthly price of a maintenance bid. Providing the client with the bare minimum of services will greatly lower the monthly cost to them.
You must be proactive though in providing the client with a proposal to complete enhancements when they come due: for example, overseeding, weed control, flower change-outs and fertilizations. Excluding these enhancements from the monthly-agreed price can also help you better plan your costs and make increases when gas or vendor prices increase to you. If you bid the monthly low, you can try to pick up some profit in the extras by controlling labor and profit margins more closely.
When you successfully receive the job, perform the way you said you would perform. Don't lower your price and then cut corners to make money. Do your best to make a profit or break even while providing the service you sold them on. You may find that the economy has caused you to lower your prices. If you ride the wave while the economy recovers, remain true to your quality of work, and do your best to keep your own budgets tight you will come out on top and beat the competition in the long run.
If you're a newer company, it may be harder to build brand awareness and get property managers to trust in your service if they are not familiar with you. Take an honest look at your costs and realize you can't charge a higher price for your quality or experience if the market doesn't have proof of your service. The first few years you are in business you may have to charge a lower price and earn a lower profit than you would prefer, but over time you should win over the clients as long as your quality and service is superior than the competition.
Ask for the opportunity and prove your results. Once you build brand awareness and are known for quality, you can become a premium brand and charge a higher price for that service. Consumers pay more for Apple products, Mercedes and Coach because they know the products and service that comes with those products are superior.
The landscape maintenance industry continues to grow and your business must stand out from the competition. Be a market leader and stand out. Find out what everyone else is doing, but concentrate on what you do best. Find out who your real competition is, what they're doing, and find a way to do it better.
Show the property manager how you can make their life easier by being proactive, taking an interest in their property and convincing them you will be an extra set of eyes on the property weekly.
Take pride in the work that you do and it will show through referrals and your reputation. Remember, it will take time to build your up a respected reputation, but it could take only a day to ruin that reputation by a bad referral. So, even if you do not receive the bid, respond with respect and be thankful for the opportunity.
Lori DeRoche is co-founder with her father, James, of Tandem Landscape Services, Inc., in Phoenix. Contact her at email@example.com.


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Funeral service will be at 11 a.m. Saturday, January 25, 2014, at Mt. Tabor Church in Shaw. Rev. C.W. Ray is pastor of the church and Rev. Larry King will officiate the service. Burial will follow Ray Memorial Gardens in Shaw.
Visitation will be from 2-6 p.m. Friday, January 24, 2014, at Byas Funeral Home in Cleveland.
Survivors include Nicholas Elliott of Itta Bena; sisters, Nora Elliott of Shaw and Sheila Elliott of Louisville, Ky.; and a grandchild.


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lord_hamybal wrote:wel i got same amount pc as uuuiiiooop now but because level 2 at me IS SO SLOW i think i loose to ticks xD
lord_hamybal wrote:mine cost over 10mins for solve
Thik_Tip wrote:lord_hamybal wrote:mine cost over 10mins for solve
Same here!
jdelgado06 wrote:awesome. lol, look how close I was yesterday
ringkingleo wrote:patacoman
http://www.fantasticcontraption.com/?designId=11482472 9 pc
compscure wrote:woulda been real interesting to see the low score on that level if you couldn't lay the across
lord_hamybal wrote:i have a minimum solve
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Zoot Spring 2013 Sneak Peek
Zoot is making several updates to its footwear line for Spring '13. The brand's offerings are known best for their sockless comfort with quite a bit of performance, and this trend looks to continue in the updates of the Ultra Kalani, Ultra Race, and Ovwa. The following are all scheduled for a February 2013 release.
Ultra Kalani 3.0
Zoot's neutral, high mileage trainer returns in its third iteration. There aren't too many departures from its predecessor in the Kalani 3.0. Expect the same seamless upper construction for friction-free, sockless wear, along with full-length Z-Bound cushioning. Zoot's published stack heights are 15mm in the forefoot and 25mm in the heel, lowering the entire shoe by 4mm for a closer to the ground feel.
Men's Color
Black/Yellow/Green Ultra Kalani 3.0
Women's Color
Black/Pink/Blue Ultra Kalani 3.0


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Watch the trio "take a breath to figure out if [Bonny], whose collar reads 'Return to Charles Costello or you will die,' belongs to [a] gangster." Who's crazy now?
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Beware the Shih Tzu!
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Sounds about right.
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Hazardous Materials Companies in Sierra Leone
Category: Health & Safety ×
Subcategory: Hazardous Materials ×
Location: Africa ×
Location: Sierra Leone ×
ECOH Management Inc.
based in Mississauga, ONTARIO (CANADA)
ECOH provides a broad spectrum of environmental, health and safety services to clients around the world. With our home office in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, we have branch offices in in Asia, the Caribbean and the Middle East. The ECOH management team draws on a wealth of divergent experience to offer the best possible convergence of quality and value. Our services are ...
SEACOR Environmental Services Middle East
based in Abu Dhabi, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
SEACOR Environmental Services Middle East is the largest oil, hazardous materials, fire and emergency response company in the Middle East region and part of the largest response network in the world - SEACOR Environmental Services International. With offices in a number of countries and large stocks of equipment and personnel, we undertake planning, response, training and ...
based in Arlington, VIRGINIA (USA)
The CHEMTREC vision is to be recognized by emergency responders, industry, government, and others as the world's foremost emergency call center for information on hazardous materials. CHEMTREC was established in 1971 by the chemical industry as a public service hotline for emergency responders, such as fire fighters and law enforcement, to obtain information and ...
based in Scottsdale, ARIZONA (USA)
H2W makes it simple and economical for manufacturers to do business internationally, while making it cost-effective for distributors to expand their product offerings. The H2W consolidation program allows international distributors to buy a vast arrange of safety and environmental products and combine them on one container. On top of that, our prices are competitive ...
TriOS Mess- und Datentechnik GmbH
based in Rastede, GERMANY
This are the two statements driving our business since TriOS has been founded in 1998. Having our roots in the marine optics community, TriOS has moved via limnology applications towards drinking water, waste water and process control. As 'water' is not anymore the right name for most of the media there our sensors are used, we have modified our motto to 'liquids'. ...
The Compliance Center (ICC)
based in Niagara Falls, NEW YORK (USA)
Since its inception in 1987, ICC The Compliance Center has been training and providing products to comply with dangerous goods regulations to safely handle and transport dangerous goods by air, ground or sea. ICC The Compliance Center has been operating for over 20 years throughout Canada and the United States, and has developed products that have become the de facto ...
ChemADVISOR, Inc.
based in Pittsburgh, PENNSYLVANIA (USA)
ChemADVISOR was founded in 1986 by Patricia Dsida, a toxicologist and regulatory affairs expert, under the name Regulatory Resources. From those humble beginning the company has grown into the industry leader in international chemical regulatory compliance, offering a variety of database products, training programs and consulting services for handling hazardous materials ...
Spill Center, Inc.
based in Hudson, MASSACHUSETTS (USA)
Spill Center is an Environmental Claims/Spill Management Company specializing in helping spill generators in the transportation industry control costs and limit liability arising from accidental releases of hazmat, diesel fuel and other regulated materials. Our expertise includes: Environmental/safety regulatory compliance, Emergency spill response management, Claims ...
New Pig Corporation
based in Tipton, PENNSYLVANIA (USA)
New Pig is the number one brand that helps companies manage leaks, drips and spills to protect workers, facilities and the environment. A multi-channel, multi-brand supplier of innovative liquid management solutions and industrial maintenance products serves industrial, commercial, utility, military and government facilities in 70 countries worldwide. The leading New Pig ...
DENIOS, Inc
based in Louisville, KENTUCKY (USA)
DENIOS, is the leading designer and manufacturer of engineered, compliant storage and containment equipment for hazardous processes, chemicals and materials. Products include secondary spill containment pallets for drums/IBCs, transport pallets, spill decking, spill clean-up kits, drum handling equipment, safety cans, pumps, sorbents, storage lockers, buildings, cabinets, ...