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The ability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to develop high levels of genetic diversity, and thereby acquire mutations to escape immune pressures, contributes to the difficulties in producing a vaccine. Possibly no single HIV-1 sequence can induce sufficiently broad immunity to protect against a wide variety of infectious strains, or block mutational escape pathways available to the virus after infection. The authors describe the generation of HIV-1 immunogens that minimizes the phylogenetic distance of viral strains throughout the known viral population (the center of tree [COT]) and then extend the COT immunogen by addition of a composite sequence that includes high-frequency variable sites preserved in their native contexts. The resulting COT+ antigens compress the variation found in many independent HIV-1 isolates into lengths suitable for vaccine immunogens. It is possible to capture 62% of the variation found in the Nef protein and 82% of the variation in the Gag protein into immunogens of three gene lengths. The authors put forward immunogen designs that maximize representation of the diverse antigenic features present in a spectrum of HIV-1 strains. These immunogens should elicit immune responses against high-frequency viral strains as well as against most mutant forms of the virus.
Author Summary
The ability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to acquire mutations that preserve virus viability yet evade immune responses contributes to the current failure in producing a vaccine. We describe the generation of candidate HIV-1 immunogens that include multiple forms of variable elements of the virus including some that retain colinearity with the virus and thus are expected to retain protein function. These antigens compress the variation found in many viral strains into lengths suitable for vaccine immunogens. For example, we can capture 62% of the variation found in the Nef protein and 82% of the variation in the Gag protein into immunogens of three gene lengths. We put forward immunogen designs that maximize representation of the diverse antigenic features present in a spectrum of HIV-1 strains. These immunogens should elicit immune responses against high frequency viral strains as well as against most mutant forms of the virus.
Citation:Nickle DC, Rolland M, Jensen MA, Pond SLK, Deng W, et al. (2007) Coping with Viral Diversity in HIV Vaccine Design. PLoS Comput Biol 3(4): e75. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030075
Editor: Sebastion Bonhoeffer, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
Received: July 11, 2006; Accepted: March 6, 2007; Published: April 27, 2007
Copyright: © 2007 Nickle et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding:This work was supported by a gift from the Boeing Corporation to JIM.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Abbreviations: ANC, ancestors;CON, consensus;COT, center of tree;CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocyte;HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1;NS, natural strain
The failure of AIDS vaccine efforts in the past 20-plus years is thought to be due, in part, to the enormous viral antigenic diversity found within and among patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, until recently, relatively little effort had been devoted to choosing particular viral variant sequences or designing sequences to include within vaccines [1,2]. There were early attempts to design vaccines by concatenating commonly recognized T cell and antibody epitopes [3], but these did not produce a viable vaccine candidate. New methods of combining epitopes are being explored in vaccine design, including production of pseudoprotein strings of T cell epitopes [4], and the synthetic scrambled antigen vaccine (SAVINE) [5], which employs consensus overlapping peptide sets from HIV-1 proteins scrambled together. Focusing on the use of whole viral protein sequences, natural strains (NSs) as well as consensus (CON) sequences are being used as a means to minimize the abrogating effect of antigenic diversity in vaccine antigens [2,6,7], as are the inferred most recent common ancestors (MRCA, or ANC) [6,8–10] of targeted virus populations defined as sequences that reside at the basal node of the set of in-group sequences in a phylogenetic tree reconstruction [11]. HIV-1 env sequences representing both the CON and ANC have been prepared and studied, but neither has generated exceptionally broad humoral immune reactivity in initial small animal studies [7,12].
In an effort to develop antigens that capture both the summary of circulating variation found in CON estimates, and the coupling of mutations generated with inferred ANC sequences, we have developed an alternative computational method that reconstructs the ancestral state sequence at the center of tree (COT) ([13] and Rolland M, Jensen MA, Nickle DC, Learn GH, Heath L, et al., unpublished data). The COT sequence explicitly minimizes genetic distance, as does the CON, and because it is derived from a phylogenetic tree, it embodies the most likely mutational coupling relationships found in the ANC. Despite these efforts, it may be that no single unit-length antigen, including any NS, CON, ANC, or COT, will encompass sufficient antigenicity to elicit protective immune responses against a broad array of viruses [7,12], as will be required of an AIDS vaccine. This led us to hypothesize that we would need more than one antigenic sequence, or greater than one gene length of the antigen, to elicit protection against the broad antigenic diversity encountered in natural infections. However, cocktails of large numbers of native, full-length NS antigens would quickly become unmanageably complex for practical use as vaccines.
Here, we propose a means to cope with HIV-1 diversity by engineering vaccine antigen constructs to include short protein sequences present at high frequencies in natural viral populations. Currently, this method is explicitly directed toward developing CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, which are critical to controlling viremia during infection [14–17]. Because the cumulative strength of the CTL-mediated immune response depends on the presence of recognizable epitopes (often approximately nine amino acids in length) in the target proteins, it is logical to seek to maximize epitope coverage within a vaccine antigen. However, although substantial, our current catalog of known CTL epitopes appears to be woefully incomplete [18], hence our strategy relies on the universe of HIV sequences and not solely on known epitope content. Thus, here we will define coverage as the sum of the frequencies of all nine amino acid segments (9mers) where the frequency is derived from random independent HIV-1 subtype B isolates found in the vaccine construct. As our epitope catalog increases and our knowledge of protein degradation, CTL epitope binding, and HLA presentation is expanded, this epitope-specific data can be integrated into the measure of coverage (e.g., by weighting epitope frequencies in accordance to their relative "importance" when computing coverage). In this study, we applied our method to Nef because it is highly variable and is potentially very difficult to design an immunogen against, and to Gag because it is immunologically important yet more conserved. We considered subtype B sequences because more immunological information is available about this subtype than any other. This clearly makes the vaccine construct described here as region-specific because of the biogeographic nature of the distribution of viral subtypes across the globe [19]. However, our purpose is to illustrate and demonstrate that this method has promise at producing a vaccine against highly variable infectious agents such as HIV.
Vaccination with all known viral sequences would capture all known viral sequence variation, but realistic vaccine constructs might at best include several sequence lengths, each length containing major variants for immune presentation. To quantify variant representation and rationally choose the included variation on this basis, Jojic and colleagues have proposed a method based on machine-learning for the compression of sequence variation into a sequence of minimal length (the "epitome"; [20,21]). Below, we describe an alternative, more transparent algorithm also designed to attain optimized sequence coverage over a fixed-length antigen. We refer to the constructs generated by our method as COT+ because they consist of COT antigens augmented by the addition of high-frequency 9mers. We demonstrate the performance of our approach on the highly variable and epitope-rich viral Nef protein as well the epitope-rich major structural protein, Gag. The algorithm consists of five steps applied to a sample of viral nucleotide sequences, each isolated from a separate patient. We started with all publicly available nef and gag gene sequences from HIV-1 subtype B [22]. By excluding sequences with more than two stop codons and with large indels, and including only independent single sequences from a given individual to avoid sampling bias, we obtained a 169-sequence dataset for Gag; the Nef data set was also constrained to 169 sequences for comparative purposes (Table 1 includes the GenBank IDs of all sequences used). The algorithm, however, can rapidly process datasets with thousands of sequences when such datasets become available.
GenBank IDs of Sequences Used
The Algorithm
(1) A COT sequence is calculated as described ([13 and Rolland M, Jensen MA, Nickle DC, Learn GH, Heath L, et al., unpublished data) from a phylogenetic tree that captures the relationships among genes in the sample using maximum likelihood methods [23]. Briefly, from aligned sequences we estimate a maximum likelihood tree under a HKY + Γ + I model of evolution in PAUP*v4beta10 [24]. The resulting tree is re-rooted at the point that describes the least-squares distance to all the tips on the phylogeny (the COT node). We then infer the maximum likelihood state using the same model of evolution as above.
(2) A table of unique 9mer peptides [20,21] with their corresponding frequencies (the 9mer distribution) is constructed from translated protein sequences. To illustrate this, note that if our sample contained N identical sequences of length L each, but every 9mer in the COT peptide library was unique, then each peptide would be at equal frequency . On the other hand, if every sequence were different from all others, to the extent that no 9mer was represented twice, the frequency for each peptide would equal . Actual samples will yield an intermediate distribution that can be exploited for vaccine design (see Figure 1). We used this distribution to compute "coverage"; that is, as we select candidate fragments to be included in the potential vaccine, we will select only those fragments that are highly represented under the 9mer curve.
Each bin in the histogram represents the number of 9mers from a particular frequency class plotted on a log scale. There are only a few peptides found at high frequencies, whereas most of the 9mers occur only once or twice. The score of a given frame is the sum of the frequencies of each unique 9mer contained by the frame. The possible extreme value frequencies for each peptide from all rare to all common is 1.198 × 10−5 − 0.0020 for Gag (black bars) and 2.988 × 10−5 − 0.0051 for Nef (gray bars). The differences in the two distributions can be explained by the differences in gene length and levels of conservation.
(3) Unique or rare 9mers, which by definition are unlikely to be common in circulating viral strains, are likely to derive from low-fitness variants [25,26] and, because of their low frequency, have low probability of being incorporated in our vaccine constructs. Specifically, we calculate the frequency of all observed mutations at each site, and revert any mutation with a frequency below a fixed "smoothing" threshold, M, to the corresponding character in the COT sequence. All 9mers present in the COT sequence are then removed from the 9mer distributions before proceeding to the next step.
(4) Given a fixed window size F (ranging from 9 to L, where L = the length of the protein sequence [we start with 9 because that is the size of the peptide that is most often found to encode epitope sequences] and a stride parameter S [ranging from 1 to L, the length of the protein]), we generate all sequence fragments from the sampled sequence by iteratively shifting the frame S residues at a time. We then compute the coverage for each sequence fragment not already present in the COT sequence, and append the sequence fragment to the COT string, compressing with possible overlap to yield a COT+ molecule with the highest ratio of coverage per length. Specifically, fragments are chosen by their level of coverage and whether or not they have differences with respect to the COT sequences. The highest coverage fragments are chosen first, with subsequent fragments with lower coverage being chosen subsequently. This process is repeated until the sequence of desired length is derived. The length of the COT+ sequence is arbitrarily chosen by taking into account plasmid size limitations for producing and delivering an antigen construct and the amount of variability that can be efficiently incorporated as the length is extended, which in turn depends on the variability found in circulating strains that have been sampled for a particular gene. We note that it is possible to arrange the order in which sequence fragments are added to COT+ to maximize the overlap of consecutive fragments, thereby further compressing the antigen.
(5) The values of window size F, stride step S, and smoothing threshold M are varied to achieve maximum coverage (Figure 2A and 2B).
In each graph a three-gene-length COT+ construct is evaluated for coverage. Cold (blue) colors indicate high levels of coverage, and hot (red) colors indicate low levels of coverage. The diagonal in the topography represents the transition from strides shorter than window length to strides longer than window length. The maximal coverage at three gene lengths occurs with a window size of 17 with a stride of 1 with no smoothing for both genes—where 82% of the 9mer area is captured for Gag (A) and 62% of the 9mer area is captured for Nef (B). It should be noted that in the area of window of 17 and a stride of 1 the surface is quite flat, and there are several pairs of parameters that give similar results.
Comparison with Random Sequences
We compared our constructs of various lengths to randomly drawn sequences from the curated dataset of 169 sequences using the optimal values for F and S. We generated COT+ for both Gag and Nef at ever-increasing unit protein lengths until we reached 100% coverage. For comparison, we concatenated randomly sampled protein sequences 100 times at ever-increasing unit protein lengths from both Gag and Nef and measured 9mer coverage across the same gene lengths (Figure 3A and 3B). We chose protein unit length for our comparison, but COT+ can be derived for any partial unit protein length desired.
The comparison at the single gene length is for HIV-1 subtype B Gag and Nef, and measures the COT sequence against randomly sampled database sequences. The COT+ captures all known variation in the training dataset at 33 gene lengths for Gag (A) and 67 gene lengths for Nef (B). Neither Gag nor Nef randomly sampled datasets will reach 100% coverage until 100% of the data is sampled.
To ensure that we were not overestimating the coverage of our constructs due to the finite size of our dataset, we repeated our approach using 10-fold cross-validation. We partitioned the data into ten sets, and for each we estimated COT+ from the remaining 90% of the data and then measured its coverage of the sequences in the chosen set. Thus, given that our assessment of coverage is on a set of sequences not seen in training, we yield an estimated lower bound on the coverage we would obtain for a larger population. We report this lower bound as a percentage of similarity to the estimated upper-bound COT+, derived from training and testing on all 169 sequences for both Gag and Nef. This study is geared to understand the effect of sample size on the on the COT+ estimation and to show that we are not overfitting the estimations.
Known Epitope Coverage
Although the list of known HIV-specific CD8 T-cell epitopes is far from complete [18], we sought to determine how well our 9mer coverage-based constructs identified known epitopes. To this end, we obtained all available HIV CTL epitopes from the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) HIV immunology database [27] and counted the perfect matches to our constructs. Because many true epitopes are listed multiple times and larger peptides are reported frequently where the true epitope is embedded, we curated the database to remove any larger epitope that had a smaller embedded known epitope with the same supertype HLA response pattern, and removed any duplicates.
We inferred COT sequences from databases of Gag and Nef protein sequences from HIV-1 subtype B from 169 independently infected individuals, and then added frequently observed variant 9mer peptides to create COT+ sequences. The frequencies of unique 9-mer peptides are shown in Figure 1. We find that maximal coverage occurs when the window size, F, is 17, the stride length, S, is 1, and when smoothing M is 0 (Figure 2A and 2B). One possible reason for why an S value equal to 1 leads to the highest coverage is that it gives every amino acid in the sequences a chance to be in every possible position in a high-scoring peptide. Counterintuitive to this is the observation that S values greater than 1 do not get penalized with big drops in 9mer coverage. We think the explanation for this observation has to do with the fact that even with S larger than 1, every amino acid in the sequences is still considered when building a construct. This is exemplified by the fact that the biggest drops in 9mer coverage come when S is larger than F, because it is in this parameter space that some amino acids have the probability of not being considered at all in the resulting construct.
Adding peptides to generate a three-gene-length COT+ construct achieved 82% 9mer coverage for Gag and 62% for Nef, whereas an antigen constructed from several random concatenated database sequences [22] needed to achieve the same level of coverage required ten gene lengths for Gag and approximately 11 for Nef (Figure 3A and 3B). When COT+ is compared with 100 constructs of the same length obtained by concatenating randomly selected sequences from the Los Alamos National Laboratory database [22], the COT+ estimate had a higher level of coverage in every case (randomization test, p < .01) for both Gag and Nef. The flattening of the curves in Figure 3A and 3B suggests that after the COT+ construct has grown past a few gene lengths, the benefit of adding more length is dramatically reduced. For example, the extension of the COT+ construct from one to three gene lengths results in a 16% increase in coverage for Gag and a 13% increase in coverage for Nef. However, extending COT+ from three to five gene lengths yields only 5% additional coverage for both Gag and Nef. The COT+ sequence reaches 100% coverage at 33 gene lengths for Gag and 67 gene lengths for Nef, while the randomly sampled sets reach 100% coverage only after all 169 sequences are included. The latter observation is due to the fact that many of the mutations found in HIV are private (i.e., found only within the lineage infecting a particular person).
When applied to small datasets, our algorithm generates COT+ constructs with high coverage. An extreme example is making a three-gene construct from just three genes in the training set. In this scenario, we can trivially achieve 100% coverage. The larger the training set, the lower the coverage in a three-gene-length vaccine construct. A 10-fold cross-validation study was therefore designed to determine the effects of sample size on our COT+ constructs. Specifically, at three protein lengths, the cross-validated coverage of Gag and Nef are 96% and 93%, respectively. This suggests that for both proteins these inferences are generalizable across HIV-1 subtype B and that adding more sequence data into the training dataset would add very little to these estimations. That is to say, 10% of the original 169 sequences produce estimations of the COT+ that are highly consistent with the estimations from the entire dataset, supporting the notion that there is a saturation effect and that adding sequences beyond the 169 will not give rise to better estimations.
Assessing the inclusion of functional CTL epitopes in our constructs is problematic. The majority of the known CTL epitopes were mapped using peptides derived from a limited number of HIV strains (e.g., laboratory-adapted strains and consensus sequences). The CTL database is also incomplete (e.g., a recent study that used a subset of autologous peptides from a single patient enabled recognition of 28% more epitopes in the virus than were previously reported [18]), and it is unclear whether characterized epitopes form an unbiased sample of naturally occurring antigenic peptides. It is also necessary that the epitope be presented in the proper context of adjacent amino acids for efficient immunoproteasome cleavage. We therefore assessed the overall size of the peptides needed to obtain maximal coverage of included 9mers. As shown in Figure 2A and 2B, maximal coverage of both the Gag and Nef datasets was obtained with a window size of 17 amino acids and a stride of one amino acid and no smoothing required (see Methods). Hence, we are able to construct immunogens that preserve much of the extended local amino acid environment of the epitope without sacrificing coverage. This enhances the likelihood that the desired peptide epitope will be properly cleaved by cellular proteases and presented efficiently on HLA molecules.
Next, we assessed the inclusion of known CTL epitopes in our constructs by comparing the number of known HIV-1 Nef and Gag epitopes [27] contained in the three-gene-length COT+ constructs to that of 1,000 combinations of three randomly selected database sequences (Figure 4). Sequences from the viral strains used to map these epitopes were excluded from the randomization study. Although our algorithm does not attempt to explicitly enrich for known CTL epitopes, the number of known epitopes in COT+ is significantly higher than in a random three-gene construct (p < 0.001) for both Gag and Nef. This suggests that COT+ provides a substantial boost in the number of epitopes shared between the immunogen and a random circulating database variant, and thus may have enhanced potential as an immunogen.
The COT+ sequence at three gene lengths for Gag has 98 out of 102 known CTL epitopes, and Nef has 40 out of 49 known CTL epitopes.
COT+ constructs provide a means to extensively compress epitope variation into an immunogen of minimal size. Much of the known variation of both the relatively conserved HIV-1 Gag gene and the quite variable Nef gene can be successfully compressed into COT+ constructs of a few gene lengths. Little increases in variation coverage are noted, however, beyond three to four gene lengths. Coverage grows with length approximately in a y = mlog(x) + b form where y is coverage and x is length of the construct. The difference between COT+ construct of Gag and Nef can be broken down into these terms. The coverage intercept parameter b is higher for Gag constructs than for Nef simply because Gag is a more conserved protein than Nef. However, the parameter m is larger for Nef than it is for Gag because the benefits of 9mer compression on coverage are higher with constructs made from variable proteins.
Our COT+ generation algorithm is a rapid, computationally efficient heuristic approximation, though it is not guaranteed to find the antigen that achieves maximal epitope coverage for a fixed length. More computationally intensive approaches, such as genetic algorithm searches or approximate solutions to the classic Traveling Salesman problem (see http://mathworld.wolfram.com/TravelingSalesmanProblem.html), could also be brought to bear on the problem of antigen design. Surprisingly, selecting the high-frequency 9mers alone and appending them to the COT sequence does poorly in terms of total coverage (unpublished data). This observation is due to the fact that many of the 9mers do not overlap, and therefore the fragments cannot be efficiently joined. By going back and selecting high-coverage peptide windows from the original data, we obtain better compression in the vaccine construct leading to higher coverage constructs for the same length.
It is a reasonable assumption that the retention of native protein structures might be advantageous in generating CTL epitopes, since epitopic peptides are generated in vivo by protein degradation within infected cells. Nef and Gag COT clearly adopt a native structure, as they retain biological activity (Rolland M, Jensen MA, Nickle DC, Learn GH, Heath L, et al., unpublished data). However, the extended COT+ component of antigens generated in the manner proposed here does not preserve a sequence that is necessarily collinear with the native gene over the second and third gene lengths (Figure 5A). Hence, we have also considered additional means of optimizing immunogen structures that also preserve native structure. First, we can assemble high-frequency variable elements in a pattern collinear with the native gene, with some segments redundant with COT to retain collinearity (Figure 5B). We can also use NS sequences in combination with the COT sequence to optimize coverage (Figure 5C). We can also do very well in generating coverage by exclusive use of NS sequences that maximize 9mer coverage (Figure 5D). Although it is not guaranteed, these additional constructs (Figure 5B–5D) should have biologically acceptable tertiary structures. The COT+ approach captures more of the 9mer distribution and more of the known CTL epitopes than any of the potential constructs presented here. Applying high-frequency peptides onto COT to create a collinear pattern provides the second highest level of diversity and epitope enrichment, but the use of COT plus two NSs is not beneficial relative to judicious choice of three NSs. Last, it should be noted that all of these methods substantially exceed the coverage afforded by the use of a single strain as a vaccine.
Each bar represents one unit-length gene. The fill intensity of each bar represents the density of unique peptides and known CTL epitopes. The coverage that each construct captures of the amino acid diversity of the dataset is shown on the right for both 9mers and epitopes.
(A) COT+, composed of the estimated COT plus the appended high-frequency peptides (HFPs) composing the second and third gene lengths.
(B) COT plus HFPs placed into a gene collinear fashion on the second and third gene lengths.
(C) COT plus two NSs chosen to maximize 9mer coverage.
(D) All NSs of Gag and Nef sequences chosen such that 9mer coverage is maximized and for comparative reasons (E) is average coverage across all NSs.
The GenBank IDs of the NSs are written inside each bar.
Immunodominance gives rise to a rank order of immune responses to specific epitopes [28], and the underlying biological mechanisms giving rise to these rank orders are poorly understood. The antigen designs we report here do not take immunodominance into account. One can argue that the combination of epitopes we have derived could elicit an immunodominant response that does not reflect what is found in circulating HIV strains and hence could be a poor choice for vaccine design. However, since the strings of peptides in our immunogen design are captured by their frequency in the circulating viral population, we surmise that these antigens have epitopes that are shared across many potential challenge strains and could thus lead to potentially broad immune response. However, immunodominance rank order patterns can be partially illuminated by expressing epitopes from different vaccine vectors [29–31]. By vaccinating with different combinations of vectors encoding a single or more antigens, they found that using separate vectors elicited broader CD8+ T cell responses. Because COT+ is directed towards capturing high-frequency fragments from a variable protein, it is well-suited to being expressed as segments on separate vectors. The COT+ algorithm can be generalized to produce sets of immunogens that can take advantage of this phenomenon.
COT+ constructs are able to capture significantly more known epitopes and potential antigen variability than much longer constructs composed by combining circulating strains. Considering the substantial expense and difficulty involved in production and testing of candidate vaccines, careful crafting of potential antigens using computational methods, including that shown here, may be beneficial. Furthermore, this approach is applicable not only to HIV vaccine design, but to the design of vaccines targeting any pathogen capable of rapid escape from immune recognition.
We thank Vladimir Jojic and Carl Kadie for assisting NJ and DH in developing the algorithms for epitome optimization. Based on Vladimir Jojic's initial approach, Carl Kadie has implemented and tested an improved epitome optimization algorithm, which we used for comparisons during the development of the COT+ algorithm. The COT+ sequences described here are available upon request.
Author Contributions
DCN, MR, DH, JIM, and NJ conceived and designed the experiments. DCN, WD, and MS performed the experiments. DCN, MR, WD, and JIM analyzed the data. DCN, MAJ, SLKP, WD, MS, DH, and NJ contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. DCN, MR, and JIM wrote the paper.
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DEAR DIDI: I was stopped by a Lathrop police officer the other day and he proceeded to lecture me about having my dog in the back of the pickup truck. I tried to explain that I am a rancher and my dog loves being back there but he threatened to give me a ticket if I didn't listen to his lecture. My dog is my buddy and he goes everywhere with me. He would never jump out of the truck so what, exactly, is the big deal?
The Washington Post is a legend in the minds of the Washington elite, so its financial decline has caused quiet panic. As NPR media reporter David Folkenflik put it, "You think of stories like the Pentagon Papers, Watergate, these are all stories where The Washington Post led the nation's understanding, the world's understanding of some major issues."
"There have been times when they slip back into Cold War thinking," said President Obama in his tutorial with Jay Leno.
They may find it scandalous for someone to say so, but our secular liberal media are playing favorites with religion. They have a spoiled child, Islam. Journalists see Islam as a bullied, minority faith for brown people. Draw a cartoon of Mohammed with dynamite on his head, and you are the worst kind of trouble-making hater.
I wasn't too surprised when do-it-yourself vigilante George Zimmerman was found not guilty of murdering Trayvon Martin. The trial took place in Florida, after all.
Let's talk life expectancy.
Apparently, the threat is both serious and specific.
I'll bet that Mark Twain, who wrote "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," would've loved a current saga. I call it "The Jumping Congress Critter of Frog Jump."
My unsolicited advice to Anthony Weiner is to drop out of the race for mayor of New York City. But since you insist on staying, hold a press conference:
At last, a fast food giant that gives a damn about the economic hardships low-wage workers face.
DEAR DIDI: My pug, Daisy, is 7 months old. She is potty trained, listens most of the time, and I absolutely adore her. She has one big problem that could end up causing me to find a new home for her. I work nights and leave the apartment at 10 o'clock at night. This is when most of my neighbors are going to sleep. Daisy immediately goes into a screeching bark as soon as the front door closes. My neighbors are complaining and I don't know what to do. Does she need a friend? Pug Lover in Modesto
Before you join Jay Leno and Susan Sarandon and sign an open letter to Gov. Jerry Brown to protest "solitary confinement" in California prisons' security housing units, there are a few things you should know. Start with the criminal records of the leaders of the Short Corridor Collective - the four inmates who, despite their "extreme isolation," orchestrated a hunger strike with more than 30,000 inmate participants July 8.
Al Capone was a bad boy. How bad? He cheated on his income taxes.
John Pike - the University of California, Davis police lieutenant whom the university fired for pepper spraying Occupy protesters Nov. 18, 2011 - has filed a workers' compensation claim based on a "psychiatric injury." UC should change its motto from "Fiat lux" ("Let there be light") to "Fiat meum" ("Where's mine?").
Barack Obama has announced the particulars of his executive amnesty for an estimated five million of the many more foreigners who broke our laws to get into the United States. This amnesty will, of course, become a magnet for more illegals to work the same racket, hoping for the same reward.
In July of 1967, after race riots gutted Newark and Detroit, requiring troops to put them down, LBJ appointed a commission to investigate what happened, and why.


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Michele Weiner's Reviews > Conservatives Without Conscience
Conservatives Without Conscience
by John W. Dean
by John W. Dean
I read this a few years ago. It explains the social scientific research into authoritarian personalities and how the conservative movement has been captured by authoritarian dominators and supported uncritically by authoritarian followers. Did you know that the single quality that separates people who call themselves conservatives from people who call themselves liberals is FEAR. Of course.
Sign into Goodreads to see if any of your friends have read Conservatives Without Conscience.
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Editor-in-Chief: Walter Leal Filho
ISSN Online: 2196-288X
Editor-in-Chief: Michael Webber
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ISSN Online: 2192-0567
An Open Access Journal
Editor-in-Chief: Anthony D. May
ISSN Print: 1867-0717 ISSN Online: 1866-8887
Editor-in-Chief: Paulien Herder
ISSN Online: 2196-3258
Planning and Operations
Editor-in-Chief: Stefan Voß
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Nigel Tasker June 17, 2011 2:48 PM MotoGP » Rossi: Our bike is already good jonsmith, I know what I said before the season started in previous post's. And it was that we should see Rossi win a few races this year, however we did'nt see the domination coming from Honda, so now unless we see some big improvements from Ducati & rossi can get himself dialed into the bike we may not see it. Reply Report abuse 0 agree 0 disagree
Nigel Tasker June 17, 2011 12:01 PM MotoGP » Rossi: Our bike is already good Casey is only good when he's on the Best bike, if he's on a bike that has no big advantage then he's screwed. Do you expect me to beleive he's as good as Rossi when he has jumped ship & done well Twice now on a bike he has had no input on development! Rossi's performances this year aboard the Ducati mat seem a mile of what he is capable of, you can put it down to part injury & part bike, part Rossi himself. Rossi has stated himself that his riding style would need to change in order to extract the best out of the Ducati & slowly but surely he will adapt his riding style. Most of us that follow the sport closely surely did not expect Rossi to be winning on it this year, maybe 1 or 2 towards seasoins end if we are lucky. Next year will be a differern story though. He will be a contender for the title. Reply Report abuse 3 agree 10 disagree
Nigel Tasker June 16, 2011 4:26 PM MotoGP » Rossi: Our bike is already good Yes I think too many expected Rossi to jump on the Ducati & instantly turn it into a winning bike. We all know that Casey rode it well, on the raged edge, that's what he does & fair play to him he seems un touchable this year. Let's remember that Rossi is only just returning to full fitness now, & I don't think we are going to see the GP11 turn in too many good results, the Honda is too good to catch. The GP12 is another beast though & has Mr Rossi's guided development skills going into it, & let's not forget Mr Burgess, as they have not won so many WC with luck. I wish people would stop saying he was on the best bike, My A$$. The bikes was so damn good because he developed them! Reply Report abuse 6 agree 6 disagree
Nigel Tasker June 07, 2011 9:42 PM MotoGP » Lorenzo: We need something to fight Stoner richard, you have it spot on, the Yamaha may not be the fastest bike but was the bike to be on, and whether you lot like it or not Rossi developed the Yamaha. Lorenzo is expecting Yamaha to bring changes to the bike, that does not sound to me like he knows what he needs. You will not see the yamaha dominant again for many years. Reply Report abuse 1 agree 5 disagree
Nigel Tasker May 30, 2011 4:38 PM F1 » Hamilton could yet face FIA wrath Hmm, seems like the baby has spat his dummy out, I mean how he could blame either of the 2 drivers he tried to overtake was stupid & it seems to me as if he is just too agresive on track from time to time. Then playing on your skin colour is just as silly, all he was doing was trying to divert attention away from the guilt he was feeling, shame on him. The thing is Lewis you are much better than this, personaly I don't really like him that much & i think Jenson is a much better driver, he never makes excuses up or moans, but you could not deny Lewis is in the top 4 drivers today, grow up man & get on with it. Reply Report abuse 2 agree 2 disagree
Nigel Tasker May 22, 2011 7:51 PM F1 » Domenicali: Seeing Fernando lapped hurts What are Ferrari playing at? You would expect a team with their expertise to be developing & moving forwards not backwards. I don't know what has happened to Massa but he was being overtaken by everyone. I think they are in big trouble. Reply Report abuse 5 agree 0 disagree
Nigel Tasker May 16, 2011 8:45 PM MotoGP » Valentino Rossi celebrates first Ducati podium I wonder if mothercare have run out of dummies, Yamaha had better get plenty in stock as they are going to need them. Maybe they can get Ohlins to beef up the springs on that pram too! Reply Report abuse 2 agree 2 disagree
Nigel Tasker May 16, 2011 8:00 PM MotoGP » Valentino Rossi celebrates first Ducati podium Now Rossi would not have had any input into Yamahas development for the past 10 months or so & the facts are that this is now starting to show. Now Rossi is getting back to full fitness you will see the master return, Ducati will make all the changes necessary in order for Rossi to return to winning ways. Up untill then we will see more domination of Honda & Stoner. Reply Report abuse 7 agree 1 disagree
Nigel Tasker May 16, 2011 7:53 PM MotoGP » Valentino Rossi celebrates first Ducati podium To the poster who said that Rossi was gifted the 3rd spot, well from where I was sitting he passed Lorenzo fair & square. Yes Dovi got by him again but hey if Rossi was on the Honda then you would be looking at him dominating, Casey must have some bloody luck, it's twice now he's jumped on a new bike & been fast. Yes he is fast but when your on the best bike it's not hard is it. Just look at Lorenzo, Spies, they are now struggling, anyone who wants to suggest it's just down to grunt, well just look back at what Rossi was saying since he joined Yamaha, it did'nt stop him developing the bike into the best on the grid. Cont.. Reply Report abuse 5 agree 1 disagree
Nigel Tasker May 15, 2011 12:19 PM MotoGP » Honda, Yamaha, Ducati, Suzuki... Honda you have to say have finaly got a dominant bike, the bike is so good that all of the honda riders have the potential to win on it. I think Yamaha will only ge worse, it's plainly obvious that now Rossi has left them & he is not developing the bike it will go backwards, they are still ok for this year though as the bike is still second best. As for Ducati, well it was well explained by Rossi before the season started that there would be no real advances made forwards untill at least May. I suspect that in reality have ducati really got the stomach to develop a bike which is done with come seasons end due to the 1000cc era coming back from next year. I expect to see a totaly differant situation next year. Unfortunatley for Suzuki they just don't seem to be able to get the bike to perform do they. Reply Report abuse 1 agree 0 disagree


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2013 NFL Draft: What Will Dallas Cowboys Do if Their Top Targets are Gone?
The NFL Draft is less than three weeks away and every team in the league is preparing for three of the biggest days in the offseason. For the Dallas Cowboys, who have been hindered by the salary cap, one of the only ways to get better is to draft well. Not only do they need to draft well, but they need to upgrade at certain positions in order to be a better team in 2013.
If you follow the Cowboys, you know exactly what those positions are and you have a very clear idea of who the Cowboys might be looking at drafting with their first round pick. The three names consistently linked with the Cowboys right now are Alabama guard Chance Warmack, North Carolina guard Jonathan Cooper and Texas safety Kenny Vaccaro. Ask any Dallas fan and almost any of those players would be a welcomed pick to help the Cowboys at positions of need.
However, every situation must accounted for and the worst case scenario must trigger a plan by the organization. For the Cowboys the worst case scenario is if all three of the aforementioned players are drafted before they pick at 18. What would the Cowboys do if Warmack, Cooper and Vaccaro are all gone when Dallas goes on the clock?
The Cowboys need to be prepared for this scenario, just as they were last year when they had discussions about what they would do if Morris Claiborne began to slip. He did and Dallas put their plan into action to select the cornerback when the draft played out that way. Just as unlikely as it was for the Cowboys to draft Claibrone last year, they need to be ready for something just as unlikely to happen in this draft. That preparedness can make all the difference in the world come April 25.
No one knows if this scenario plays out in a few weeks but looking at mock drafts from draft experts to novice draftniks, it could happen. Jonathan Bales of the DC Times puts the odds at all three being gone at 25%, which means the Cowboys need to be ready with a backup plan.
Players who have also been linked to the Cowboys at pick 18 are Missouri defensive tackle Sheldon Richardson, who also is likely to be drafted before the Cowboys pick, and Alabama tackle D.J. Fluker. Fluker seems like the likeliest option but I wouldn't be thrilled with that pick and hope the Cowboys would explore all options before deciding on what to do, which would include trading down. The trade route scares me as much as it probably scares any of you but it remains a possibility.
Also remember that if all of the Cowboys top targets are gone there is a good chance a prospect has likely slipped and Dallas could capitalize by drafting that player. The point is there will be options for the Cowboys even if their three best options are off the board when they're on the clock at pick 18, they just need to be prepared to make the best decision possible.
The NFL Draft is approaching quickly and the Cowboys need to be ready for every scenario, their 2013 season may depend on it.
Ben is a Cowboys writer for Rantsports.com and you can chat with or follow him on twitter @BenGrimaldi
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Think Tank: How do we protect whistleblowers?
page: 2
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posted on Aug, 18 2013 @ 09:31 PM
You know how they have those signs that are for safe places to drop off unwanted babies? Maybe we should have places set up to drop off secret information anonymously. If the whistleblower truly has no hidden agenda behind his secret sharing then he/she shouldn't mind staying anonymous. Then the info can be given to a panel of experts to make sure the info is legit and should be revealed...as far as who is on this panel...and how they are chosen...I haven't got that far....So yeah Info drop off points...just for those who have to share...
edit on 8/18/13 by shells4u because: (no reason given)
posted on Aug, 18 2013 @ 10:12 PM
reply to
post by shells4u
Decent idea, I like it. I'm sure the government would put up their ubiquitous traffic cameras covering every site, but we can find a way around that, I suppose.
I wonder about the anonymous aspect of this. I don't know anything about WBs, but isn't he going to have to explain how he had access to the material, where it came from, etc.? We've seen internet fakes of documents, and false allegations; how do we keep that from happening with an anonymous pile of data found in the bottom of a bin?
posted on Aug, 18 2013 @ 10:21 PM
how do we keep that from happening with an anonymous pile of data found in the bottom of a bin?
reply to
post by charles1952
Maybe they can set up some sort of debriefing like session w/whistleblower and then when all the ducks are in a row the info can be released but the public doesn't need to know who the person is, just that the info was deemed factual...
posted on Aug, 18 2013 @ 10:31 PM
For us to put up signs in all our windows as solidarity and to let the A-Holes know what we think of them is wonderful!
I'm going to do this.
Artists should actually create these and put them up for download and make them perfect sizes for printers to create signs for cars and windows, even TSHIRTS.
Show support.
Even my aunt on the phone was talking about the leaders here, and she said, they don't care about humans at all, they don't care if we all died except for a few to work for them. We're just collateral to them and all they want is power. They don't even think about things, they just say whatever they think will give them power without any thought or attachment to us, to the words, etc.
posted on Aug, 19 2013 @ 05:19 PM
This is just random thinking, not an official ATS grayeagle Think Tank position.
The WBs have to know where to go, or who to contact, in some secure manner. Follow up contacts have to be arranged, equally securely.
Whether the contact point is local, national, or international, there must be a way to securely transmit the information to a Center for review and evaluation.
The Center could be people spread around the country, or gathered in one place. There are problems with both. If they're spread, there will be more communications, increasing the chance of intercept. If they're centralized (by that I mean meeting together) the meeting might be harder to hide, and each individual would know the identity of the rest. (Masks?) (CCTV conferencing within the building with faces erased?)
The Center makes their decision and securely notifies the WB for next steps. That might be appearing before a Congressional committee, an agency IG, or fleeing the country. In any event, the Center has to arrange for security for the WB, maybe chartered plane, travel plans, maybe a full false identity. If they go full false identity, they'd need to have some source for the documents outside of normal channels. They'd also have to have arrangements for a foreign country to take him, and some way of getting him there.
If it's a state problem, or a problem with a business, maybe the Department of Justice could arrange for protection in some cases. But the Center would have to make the call of what is safe.
That's the barest, bare bones skeleton of what I've taken from this so far. Anybody want to add their corrections and comments?
posted on Aug, 19 2013 @ 09:11 PM
reply to
post by charles1952
I think that is a pretty good summation Charles of the salient points and concerns so far. I think the transfer of information and the protection of the WB will require some significant security measures, way beyond my skill set. If there are lawyers, IT security folks etc who can way in on this please do.
posted on Aug, 21 2013 @ 10:59 AM
Bradley Manning sentenced to 35 years sends a very clear message to WBs. The enhanced ability of the NSA to intercept all forms of communication makes remaining anonymous almost impossible. The direction we are headed almost surely makes accountability for crimes impossible. To all of you out there reading this, is our awareness powerful enough to to stop this madness? Can a few people utilizing legal options release the flood gate of complacency? A deep part of me wants to believe right will overcome might but the evidence seems to indicate the opposite. We have become morally and ethically bankrupt as a country. I have become an independent because I see no party genuinely pursuing either. But who do independents vote for, the lesser of two evils? I started this thread with hopes that a global perspective might produce some possibilities. It is a complex issue for sure and requires the world community to get on board. I will rest my case for the moment. This sentence is in such stark contrast to what has not happened to those who lied to us, who authorized torture and murder of innocent women and children. Has the loss of liberty become just collateral damage?
edit on 06/02/2011 by grayeagle because: correct typo
posted on Aug, 22 2013 @ 10:49 PM
What if every non-disclosure statement was legally required to contain wording that the agreement is nullified if illegal behavior is discovered thus protecting the WB from litigation or imprisonment? This would be an international (as much as possible) and national requirement. No one could be forced to sign a non-disclosure unless it contained the exception. There could not be any non-disclosure agreements without the required statement. What do you all think?
edit on 06/02/2011 by grayeagle because: (no reason given)
posted on Aug, 27 2013 @ 05:13 PM
reply to
post by grayeagle
Dear grayeagle,
My apologies for being away so long. I've given a little thought to the question "What if the WB broke the law?"
It made me wonder what we are protecting whistleblowers
? It's clear we don't want them killed off, or unaccountably kidnapped. "Disappeared," is the word, I think. But do we want to protect them against
legal action? I'm not sure that we do, and if we proposed such a plan, how would we get lawmakers to accept it?
My thought is that our goal should be to keep him physically safe until all his information has been presented, but then what? If the WB has committed a crime, do we just let him go? Do we send him to a special court? If he gets jail, how is he to be protected there.
I'm afraid I was concentrating on getting the information out, and keeping him alive to testify, without thinking much about it after that.
With respect,
posted on Aug, 27 2013 @ 09:10 PM
reply to
post by charles1952
Those are all valid issues. I am thinking if we insure that any nondisclosure agreement was required to contain the statement that it is nullified if their is illegal activity exposed. Whatever additional legal issues would have to be dealt with by the court. But once submitted to the international court it would be harder for the WB to just suddenly disappear. Once the story is out any effort to shut the person up would be of little value.
posted on Sep, 5 2013 @ 10:01 AM
It is eerily quiet on this thread since I posted about changing non-disclosure agreements with mandatory wording that nullifies the agreement if illegal activities are discovered. To clarify, only the reporting of the illegal activities would be released from the non-disclosure agreement. Any other information would be still covered by the agreement. Now could someone please respond!
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text: tv Comments 24 We Rank the Doctors! By Matt Heckler Jun 12, 2013 Back 2 of 12 Next More More Slideshows Harry Potter Dating Advice in This Week's Geeky Twitter! Top Ten Tech Innovations That Will Help Us Deal With Climate Change Pop Lyrics Illustrated with Science! Back Next more > Back Next more > Tim Drury from Cambridge, CambridgeshireCredit: 11. Paul McGann (Eighth Doctor) Unfortunately for Paul McGann, he is relegated to the bottom of the list mostly because of a small sample size. The 1996 Doctor Who movie is actually AWESOME, if you can get past the super 90's cheese factor. And if you take into account the work he has done in the Big Finish audios, he skyrockets up the list, buuuut… if we're just talking about the show itself, it's hard to rank a guy who only appears once. Tags: tv, slideshows, doctor who, bbc, matt smith, david tennant, christopher eccleston Alien & Predator : BFFs 4 EVER! Alien & Predator : BFFs 4 EVER! The 9 Scariest Dystopias The 9 Scariest Dystopias Related Posts ant man There's Nothing Tiny About the New Ant-Man Trailer! space travel There Are Other Planets We Could Live On... Are You Listening, Earth? potty mouth + kerning = art "Please Don't Put Spaghetti Between Your Toes": Best Dad Ever Illustrates Stuff His Kid Says Write your own comment! Hold up there partner! Before you comment on a post there's one more step. You'll have to choose a nickname to be displayed on your comment. Give 'er a shot below! Write your own comment! OR OR Please log in first Email Password Remember me Log in Create an account | Lost password ...or log in using


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Lawsuit: Red Bull doesn't cut it
- Paul Brinkmann
- Reporter- South Florida Business Journal
- Email | LinkedIn | Twitter | Google+
The latest lawsuit target for Miami's Jeremy Alters, or his law firms, is Red Bull energy drinks.
Alters has sued Chinese drywall makers, cosmetics companies and banks, among others.
His new firm, Morelli Alters Ratner, filed federal suit against Red Bull North America last week in New York on behalf of named plaintiff Benjamin Careathers of New York. The proposed class action lawsuit accuses Red Bull of false advertising, noting you can get more caffeine from a cup of Starbucks coffee.
Business news outlets had fun with writing up stories about the suit. "Lawsuit says Red Bull is too wimpy," said MSN Money.
People who commented on MSN's story, however, noted that there's more than caffeine in Red Bull, including taurine and vitamins.
Alters said the Red Bull lawsuit is the first of several targeting the so-called 'energy drink' industry. Similar drinks have been sued or criticized for having too much caffeine, or for posing a health risk to children.
Paul Brinkmann covers venture capital, technology, energy and environment.
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Serving very traditional Japanese food in a stunningly contemporary setting. Edamame, shabu shabu, sashimi, and sushi name a few of their choices.
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Below is a free essay on "Qualitis of a Good Parent" from Anti Essays, your source for free research papers, essays, and term paper examples.
Anti Essays offers free essay examples to help students with their essay writing.
"Qualitis of a Good Parent". Anti Essays. 29 Jan. 2015
Qualitis of a Good Parent. Anti Essays. Retrieved January 29, 2015, from the World Wide Web: http://www.antiessays.com/free-essays/Qualitis-Of-A-Good-Parent-305151.html


text:
Name: _________________________ | Period: ___________________ |
This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Who carries a torch and finds the King and company in the forest?
(a) Goneril.
(b) Cornwall.
(c) Regan.
(d) Gloucester.
2. What is the name of Edmund's legitimate brother?
(a) Edgar.
(b) Ethan.
(c) Eric.
(d) Edward.
3. Where does Act 1, Scene 5 take place?
(a) In the hall of the Duke of Albany's palace.
(b) In the court before the Duke of Albany's palace.
(c) In the upstairs of the Duke of Albany's palace.
(d) In the stable of the Duke of Albany's palace.
4. Which man marries Cordelia even though she doesn't have a dowry?
(a) The Earl of Gloucester.
(b) The King of France.
(c) The Lord of Burgundy.
(d) No one.
5. What is Edmund going to do in order to assure Gloucester that his brother's intent isn't to hurt Gloucester?
(a) Talk with Edgar so that Gloucester can hear them.
(b) Write a letter asking Edgar what his intent is.
(c) Talk with Edgar and report to Gloucester.
(d) Send someone to spy on Edgar.
6. To aide in his disguise, what does Edgar do to his hair?
(a) He cuts it.
(b) He rubs mud in it.
(c) He shaves it all off.
(d) He knots it.
7. Who is Gloucester's illegitimate son?
(a) Edmund.
(b) Edward.
(c) Ethan.
(d) Eric.
8. Kent points out that there is a hovel nearby and asks the King to do what?
(a) Go dry out in it.
(b) Sit by the fire in it.
(c) Clean it.
(d) Take shelter in it.
9. The gentleman on the hearth tells Kent that Lear is doing what in the storm?
(a) Crying.
(b) Wandering.
(c) Praying.
(d) Talking.
10. According to Goneril, while King Lear is staying with her, how often does King Lear wrong her?
(a) During the day with the demands of his followers.
(b) Day and night and every hour.
(c) At least once an hour.
(d) At mealtimes with his demands.
11. What did Oswald's letter from Goneril cause Regan and Cornwall to do?
(a) Immediately depart.
(b) Stay and clean.
(c) Leave for the King's castle.
(d) Go hunting for food.
12. What sound precedes the King's entrance into a scene?
(a) Footfalls.
(b) Hoofbeats.
(c) Horns.
(d) A herald's announcement.
13. Gloucester blames the effects of what for affecting relationships?
(a) The stars.
(b) The eclipses.
(c) The planets.
(d) The moon.
14. Instead of calling Edgar mad, Lear gives him what title?
(a) Fool.
(b) Poet.
(c) Wise man.
(d) Philosopher.
15. While they are walking to the hovel, the Fool utters a prophecy that says what?
(a) England is in confusion.
(b) England will be divided.
(c) England is going to be conquered by France.
(d) England will once again be Lear's.
Short Answer Questions
1. Before leaving Goneril's house, what does the Fool warn King Lear about?
2. Edmund is going to betray Gloucester in order to do what?
3. When King Lear gets ready to depart Goneril's house, what is his method of travel?
4. What punishment will King Lear give to the Fool for lying?
5. Who says: "Thou shouldst not have been old till thou hadst been wise"
This section contains 511 words (approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page) |


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The Legend Of The Scarlet Blades (2011) 26 August 2011 The Legend Of The Scarlet Blades (2011) English | 193 pages | CBR | 123 MB Cartoonist Saverio Tenuta writes and paints a twisted tale of a masterless Samurai named Raido searching for clues to his bloody past in a feudal Japan ruled by spirits and beasts. Highly recommended for fans of Samura's BLADE OF THE IMMORTAL, and Koike/Kojima's LONE WOLF. Liquid Scarlet - Liquid Scarlet (2004) 30 September 2010 Liquid Scarlet - Liquid Scarlet (2004) Label.: Progress-PRCD 012 | Mp3 320 kbps CBR 44.1 KHz | 52 min 37 sec | 108 Mb (+3%) Genre.: Heavy Progressive Rock Scarlet #3 8 November 2010 Scarlet #3 English | CBZ | 36 MB Here it is!! The latest chapter in the best reviewed, creator-owned comics sensation of the year! Scarlet has had enough and has planted her flag. The world is broken and she's going to fix it. But there are those who will not let this stand. In this issue you meet them. The sides are being drawn. The first issue sold out the same week it shipped! Are you going to let that happen to you again? Hop on the Scarlet train for a comic book experience unlike anything else out there! From the Eisner award-winning team behind Daredevil, Spider-Woman, the Avengers and Halo. Scarlet Nights & Anarani for V4. 23 September 2010 Scarlet Nights & Anarani for V4 | Poser / Daz Studio | 226 Mb This Bundle Includes: - Scarlet Nights - Scarlet Nights Hair - Anarani for V4 Fox And The Law - Scarlet Fever (2012) 4 May 2013 Fox And The Law | Scarlet Fever Release:2012 | MP3 | 320 kbps | 102 mb Genre: Garage RockPunkBlues Rock Homepage: amazon Scarlet Hollow - What If Never Was (2012) 7 December 2012 Artist: Scarlet Hollow Album: What If Never Was Year: 2012 Genre: Rock Bitrate: VBR 192-320 kbps Format: MP3 Tracks: 10 Size: 108 mb Vampirella and the Scarlet Legion #1 19 May 2011 Vampirella and the Scarlet Legion #1 English | CBR | 13 MB But when an ancient prophecy of doom is uncovered and a new push to resurrect the foulest demons from the pit is revealed, it's clear Vampirella won't be able to take them on alone. Enter THE SCARLET LEGION, assembled to keep the dark things at bay and protect this world from the evils which lie beyond. The only question is, will they see Vampirella as friend... or foe? Get Well Soon - The Scarlet Beast O'Seven Heads (2012) 27 August 2012 Artist: Get Well Soon Album: The Scarlet Beast O'Seven Heads Year: 2012 Genre: Rock Bitrate: VBR 192-320 kbps Format: MP3 Tracks: 13 Size: 126 mb Info-Tech Academy - RED102: Epic and Scarlet 10 May 2012 Info-Tech Academy - RED102: Epic and Scarlet English | mp4 | 860 x 480 | h264 1193 kbps | 29.97 fps | aac stereo 44.1KHz | 1.95 GB Genre: eLearning THE BEST ONLINE TUTORIAL COURSE FOR THE EPIC AND SCARLET CAMERAS.. PERIOD. The RED102: Epic and Scarlet Online course is designed for anyone interested in these amazing cameras. Owners, operators, and renters.Our Epic and Scarlet online tutorials will cover the cameras from top to bottom. (Some of the list below may not be online yet)Camera overview and comparison epic and scarlet buyers guide swapping lens mount Bushing installComplete Software and menu overviews And more! New videos are uploaded on a constant basis, and suggestions for content can be made by our members. Our information on the Scarlet camera goes from beginner to advanced, and the same applies to Epic. Due to the similarity of the systems, both cameras are usually covered at the same time, with any differences noted in the module (AKA Videos). Scarlet - February 2015 27 January 2015 Scarlet - February 2015 English | 51 pages | True PDF | 9,3 MB |


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Friday, September 27, 2013
Chieftains prevail in clash with Mountaineers
By Craig Holt, ITEM STAFF
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Over the last three years, Nashoba Regional High School's football team has been highly successful against Wachusett Regional, no matter what the venue.
Nothing changed in Friday night's clash between the Division 2 rivals.
Though the Mountaineers played tough, Nashoba basically did what it had to, playing solid defensively and getting touchdown runs from senior fullback Frankie Chiodo and senior running back Matt Sabourin en route to a 14-0 victory at Wachusett's Hal Lane Field.
The win, the Chieftains' 29th straight, improved Nashoba's record to 3-0. The Mountaineers slipped to 0-3.
"This was a very good win over a tough, physical Wachusett team that is much better than its record," first-year Nashoba coach Jamie Tucker said. "They ran some stuff we hadn't seen on their first drive, but fortunately we stopped them.
"That gave us some momentum," he said. "Then we moved it down field and were able to score."
Wachusett's first drive covered 71 yards, but faltered at the Chieftains' 7-yard line. The Mountaineers missed a field goal attempt.
Nashoba responded with the score that proved decisive. Chiodo took center stage, bulling his way up the middle for a 6-yard TD, capping an 80-yard drive.
Senior Drew Korn kicked the extra point, his first of the season.
Chiodo was a standout in the drive, rushing for two first downs, including one on fourth down. Senior quarterback Matt Mudgett added a 16-yard pass to senior tight end Derek Hinckley.
The Chieftains added an insurance TD early in the fourth quarter.
Wachusett turned the ball over when Chiodo blocked a punt after a bad snap. Nashoba's Jake Ford recovered the loose ball on the Mountaineers' 4-yard line.
On the first play from scrimmage, Sabourin scooted in for the score. Korn kicked the extra point.
Wachusett had one last possession and advanced to the Nashoba 35-yard line before turning the ball over via downs.
Quarterback Connor Gill and running back Owen Gibbons led the Mountaineers' ground game.
The Chieftains return to action Friday when they host St. John's at 7 p.m. The Pioneers are the last team to beat Nashoba, toppling the locals in the 2010 Super Bowl.
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Unlock the entire Houzz
2 chromatic Laundry Room Design Photos
Sterling Construction, Inc.
Laundry Room Remodel - Erin & Brian's
can be 2700K but still have a low CRI because of where it falls on the chromaticity graph. The technology is definitely out there.
Hope this helps!
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2 Radio Stations from Pontoise
Christian Gospel Religious Spiritual
Pontoise, France
Listen to radio stations from Pontoise, from a wide variety of genres like Christian, Gospel, Religious, Spiritual and Top 40. Enjoy stations such as Radio TV Ministere de Puissance et de Delivrance, Music Box FM 92.8 and more. Come find the top new songs, playlists, and music! Listen on your iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, Android, Blackberry, and other app-enabled mobile phones.


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We are a full service winery & wine shop, offering tastings, gifts and wine and beer making supplies. Come by and let us help you, whatever your wine need is!
617 days ago
It's FINALLLLY back in stock! For all those 'shiners out there, your 24hr and 48hr turbo yeast is back in stock! Come grab yours today and get fermenting! #yeast #winemaking #moonshine
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9/11 anniversary Topics
Democracy Now! stories, posts and pages that relate to 9/11 anniversary
- Without comment the Supreme Court decided not to review a lower court ruling that backed up the Bush administration's post 9/11 policy in which hundreds of Muslim men were secretly picked up and detained. [includes transcript]January 13, 2004 | Story
- September 11th has now become synonymous with the tragic events of two years ago. It brings forth images of the death and destruction here in the U.S. Around the world this date evokes different images and memories of terror. Today on Democracy Now!, we will spend the hour looking at September 11ths throughout history.September 11, 2003 | Story
- Salman Hamdani died two years ago today after he raced to the Twin Towers to help survivors. He earned a mention in the Patriot Act for his bravery yet because he was a Muslim immigrant, the New York Post and others considered him a suspect until his DNA was discovered. [Includes transcript]September 11, 2003 | Story
- Tomorrow is the 2nd anniversary of the attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon and the plane crash in Pennsylvania. In these 2 years, the Bush administration has used the events of September 11 to push ahead with a massive scale war, that it has dubbed the "war on terror."September 10, 2003 | Story
First, the U.S. bombed Afghanistan, killing thousands of civilians. The country remains a war zone with U.S. and other foreign troops occupying large parts...
- Two British soldiers have been sent home and may face disciplinary action after objecting to the conduct of the Iraq invasion.April 04, 2003 | Story
- Today, a day after the anniversary of the September 11 attacks, President Bush will address the United Nations General Assembly.September 12, 2002 | Story
- At this time, the anniversary of the September 11 attacks, there are peace rallies being held all over the country.September 12, 2002 | Story
- Many people say this is the day terror came to the United States. But a number of communities in this country have known terror for a long time.September 11, 2002 | Story
Rita Lasar Lost Her Brother in the World Trade Center: She Remembers September 11 and Callsfor Peace
Today is September 11, 2002. One year ago, at the time of this broadcast, 9:03 a.m. EST, the second hijacked planehit the second tower of the World Trade Center.September 11, 2002 | Story -
Rita Lasar Lost Her Brother in the World Trade Center: She Remembers September 11 and Callsfor Peace
HourSeptember 11, 2002 | Story
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Part Time Jobs in Bessemer City, North Carolina ( NC )
If you're looking for part time jobs, student jobs or jobs for teens in Bessemer City, North Carolina, you've come to the right place! Chances are that GrooveJob.com has the right job for you and wants to be your only source for finding part time jobs in Bessemer City, North Carolina.
We've got plenty of part time and summer jobs in Bessemer City, North Carolina. Check out the list of employers below who are accepting applications for part time jobs in your town. Remember to check back with Groovejob.com on a regular basis. We add new part time job listings to our database every week, so you'll find new opportunities every time you check back with us.
Browse by Employer (Click On Logos) | ||
Jobs by Title | Location | Company | Posted |
Sales Associate …mission of "Serving Others." GENERAL SUMMARY: The Sales Associate position is a key part - time position and will act as the... | Bessemer City, NC | 11/29/2014 | |
Lead Sales Assoc …of "Serving Others." GENERAL SUMMARY: This Lead Sales Associate position is a part - time Key Carrier position, based on the... | Bessemer City, NC | 11/29/2014 | |
Retail Store Shift Supervisor …a work place free from discrimination and harassment Train, develop and evaluate hourly non-exempt employees Assist customers with... | Bessemer City, NC | 1/16/2015 | |
AVON Independent Sales Representative AVON Independent Sales Representative Location: Work from home; Work online; Part - time or Full Time Opportunity : At a time when... | Bessemer City, NC | 1/7/2015 | |
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Part Time Team Members …Greets guests with a smile, receives orders, processes payments, and responds appropriately to customer issues Operates cash register or... | Gastonia, NC | 12/20/2014 | |
Hourly Shift Manager Opportunities! …Responsible for restaurant operations (labor, inventory variance, GUEST TRACA' (R) responses) during assigned shifts, including opening... | Gastonia, NC | 11/29/2014 | |
Resident Care Specialist, CNA ( Part Time - Multiple Positions) Resident Care Specialist Description Summary Part Time - Multiple Positions!! Provides services and care for residents and patients.... | Gastonia, NC | 1/26/2015 | |
Sales Associate, Retail Part Time The Part Time Retail Sales Associate position at GNC is the most important job in our company. As a Retail Sales Associate, you are... | Gastonia, NC | 1/25/2015 | |
Sales Representative - Full time / Part Time Sales Representative - Full time / Part Time Company Overview Central Payment is a direct processor and leading national Merchant... | Gastonia, NC | 1/1/2015 | |
Health Enthusiast Part - Time …Every Body Matters! We are dedicated to inspiring health and wellness one life at a time . Our goal is to inspire you to take control... | Gastonia, NC | 1/10/2015 | |
Part Time Assistant Manager of day-to-day operations within a rue21 store; reports directly to the Store Manager . * Provide managerial, operational, and financial... | Gastonia, NC | 10/29/2014 | |
Part Time Assistant Manager to challenges and complaints from customers * Achieve accuracy in executing markdowns, shipping , receiving , and cash control * Help... | Gastonia, NC | 10/29/2014 | |
Health Enthusiast Part - Time …Every Body Matters! We are dedicated to inspiring health and wellness one life at a time . Our goal is to inspire you to take control... | Gastonia, NC | 12/29/2014 | |
Part - time tutors and teachers needed in Gastonia. Part - time tutors & teachers needed in Gastonia. Set your own rate, work your own hours - Visit WyzAnt.com to become a WyzAnt tutor... | Gastonia, NC | 11/13/2014 | |
City Driver Part - Time Combined Dock/P&D …of Duties: Job responsibilities include but are not limited to: the pickup and delivery of cargo trailers, the pick and delivery of... | Belmont, NC | 1/25/2015 | |
Sales Associate - Part - Time "This position provides top quality, fast and friendly customer service; operates registers, handles customer purchases; accounts for... | Gastonia, NC | 12/7/2014 | |
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Retail Project Merchandiser Part Time …push up to 50 pounds, stand, stoop and bend for long periods of time , potential use of cleaning chemicals and work in environments... | Dallas, NC | 1/24/2015 | |
Target Mobile Wireless- Hiring This Week! …revenue growth and drive brand awareness. Job Description We are currently seeking a part time retail sales associate for an... | Gastonia, NC | 1/13/2015 | |
<< First < Previous 1 2 Next > Last >> |


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Come experience an affordable luxurious lifestyle including world-class resort style amenities at Austin???s Rosemont at Hidden Creek! Rosemont at Hidden Creeks has a lengthy list of services and programs to help you stay active. Just outside your door, you???ll find refreshing swimming pool, picnic areas with barbeque grills and planned resident activities. Residents also enjoy one, two and three bedroom spacious floor plans, plush carpet and energy efficient appliances. Our prime location Austin off US 290 puts you close to I35, Mopac / Loop 1, Hwy 183, shopping, dining and entertainment. Start living a luxury lifestyle that you can afford at Rosemont at Hidden Creek. Please call for an appointment today.
Around Here
Features & Amenities
- Washer / Dryer
- Business Center
- Carport
Pet Policies
- Cats Allowed
- Small Dogs Allowed
- Large Dogs Allowed
Additional Information:
Rosemont Hidden Creek is a pet friendly community. Restrictions and deposits may apply. Please contact leasing office for details. Rosemont Hidden Creek is a pet friendly community. Restrictions and deposits may apply. Please contact leasing office for details.
Lease Length
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Property Information
- BuildingType: Apartment
- Number of Floors: 3
- Number of Units: 250
Office Hours:
Weekdays: Mon: 8:30 AM-5:30 PM, Tue: 8:30 AM-5:30 PM, Wed: 8:30 AM-5:30 PM, Thu: 8:30 AM-5:30 PM, Fri: 8:30 AM-5:30 PM, Saturday: 10:00 AM-5:00 PM, Sunday: 1:00 AM-5:00 PM
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Pinnacle Property Management Services
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