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Why attack ads work
If you're sick of all those negative political ads that run on television before Election Day, well, you're out of luck. Those ads—which many people say they hate—run for a reason: They work.
So says Joan Phillips, a Quinlan professor of marketing who has researched how voters react to negative political ads. But if so many people say they can't stand the ads, why are they so effective?
It's the same reason why people are more likely to watch the weather when a hurricane is coming than when it's sunny and 70 degrees outside, Phillips says.
"We pay more attention to negative information," she says. "It's more salient, it scares us, and we're more likely to remember it."
To see why negative ads work, Phillips and two colleagues developed a field study in 2004 using real TV advertisements from the George W. Bush and John Kerry presidential election. The researchers asked college students to rate their level of support for the candidates on a seven-point scale, from "definitely Bush" to "definitely Kerry" (with five points in between).
They then showed the students one of four political ads and asked them to re-rate their levels of support. Roughly 14 percent of the students said the attack on their candidate made them support him even more, the researchers found. But an equal percentage of students said the advertisement weakened their support and caused them to move closer to the opponent—the one who ran the negative ad.
Although no one jumped from "definitely Bush" to "definitely Kerry," some students who were leaning toward one candidate did switch to the other side. And in a tightly contested race, like this year's presidential election, getting even a few people to change their vote can make all the difference in the world.
"That's a huge, huge gain for a candidate," Phillips says.
Negative ads tend to work best when people are passionate about the campaign, such as a presidential election where the stakes are high, Phillips says. The ads, however, become less effective as you move down the political ladder and into smaller races.
"The voter may just discount it," she says. "They'll think: 'I don't know who to believe, I don't care, it doesn't really matter to me.' "
So what's the bottom line?
"We're not saying positive ads aren't good," Phillips says. "It's just that negative ads are effective."
Joan Phillips
Hometown: Grew up in New York, now lives in the Gold Coast
Professor at Quinlan since: 2008
Courses taught: Marketing strategies to undergraduate students (MARK 390) and research methods in marketing to graduate students (MARK 461); also teaches two courses for Quinlan's Executive MBA program
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Customer Reviews
- Read below Review by Kelly
Price Value Quality Fantastic quality and truck arrived quickly and packaged well. Thank you
(Posted on 12/24/13)
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Price Value Quality very good products.
(Posted on 12/23/13)
- Excellent Review by Elizabeth Wilkinson
Price Value Quality Was delightfully surprised at the quality and size of the toys when i unpacked the boxes.
(Posted on 12/23/13)
- Great deal online Review by Daniela Allen
Price Value Quality The truck is exactly what my son wanted and I found it at Rural King for the cheapest price on the net.
(Posted on 12/21/13)
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Quality Price Value I have brought Bruder toys in the past but the price on this one was a steal. Bruder toys are made to last and that I don't have a problem with but the prices are high. The Mack granite dump truck was a wish that I wanted last year and did not get it so when I saw it I had to have it. Happy costumer
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Price Value Quality Bruder is known for its high quality toys and the Mack granite dump truck is no exception. It's rare that you can find such a life-like, to scale model truck that can also stand up to the wear and tear of hard play by small children. My son loves it and definitely tests its durability on a daily basis! Shipping was fast and the price was the best on the internet.
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Quality Price Value This Bruder Mack Dump Truck seems to be built very well & it looks like it will hold up. My grandson was thrilled with it. The price was great and the delivery was prompt.
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- High Quality Truck Review by Sherry Toomey
Price Value Quality I purchased the Bruder dump truck and crane for my 3 year old grandson for Christmas. He hasn't opened them yet, but I've looked at them and they are high quality, great looking trucks! I shopped around and found Rural King to have the best price. In addition to them having the lowest price, I also received 25% off for the holidays. My grandson has been looking at these online for months and I can't wait to see his face when he opens them!
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- Good price, super-fast shipping! Review by Will's Nini
Quality Price Value Bruder products are made to last. They have so much detail in them. Great toys to inspire and enhance little ones' imagination.
(Posted on 12/6/13)
- Awesome Equipment! Review by Kellie
Price Value Quality This is our 2nd of this particular truck and it's only because 1 truck for 3 boys isn't enough (and apparently Tonka trucks don't count). My 3 boys just love Bruder stuff ... my oldest would have at least 1 of everything if we had the room. Holds up really well and you can order parts from the Bruder site.
(Posted on 11/22/13)


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The Enchanted Cave 2
Delve into a strange cave with a seemingly endless supply of treasure, strategically choos
4.30 / 5.00 27,104 ViewsGhostbusters B.I.P.
COMPLETE edition of the interactive "choose next panel" comic
3.97 / 5.00 6,973 ViewsYes, yes. ANOTHER dress up. I just wanted to make one more interesting than my last one.
Please, if you don't like Naruto; then don't bother clicking. Simple as that. Go find something better to do than bitch at me.
hey! nice game! how do u make it?! cause i like it alot and i wanted to make one 2! its cool!
im so glad cuz deidara iz my brother!hehe i thought i would give him a tobi doll and it looks so kawaii!!!!
Hes emo of course :D
Im not a naurto fanatic but if thats a boy in the dress up that looks like a girl she has a flat chest XD
ill kill you deidara
i like deidara hes cool and all but not knowing what he is not cool sorry deidara


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Almond bread
Perfect for an after-dinner dessert, these creamy cups taste as good as they look. Here's a fun, easy way to get your coffee and chocolate fix in one hit.
To Prep |
AVG RATING (1 Member) |
Energy 3039kJ |
Fat saturated 30.00g |
Fat Total 49.00g |
Carbohydrate sugars 48.00g |
Carbohydrate Total 64.00g |
Dietary Fibre g |
Protein 8.00g |
Cholesterol mg |
Sodium 158.89mg |
All nutrition values are per serve.
Rocky road is a favourite treat for kids and adults alike. The best thing about this... Watch Video
Eat in, eat out, eat well. Look for the taste liftout on Tuesdays in the Herald Sun, Courier Mail and Daily Telegraph, on Wednesdays in the Adelaide Advertiser, and in Perth's Sunday Times.
Log In or Register to rate & review this recipe.
Quick and easy. Coffee essence can be replaced by drizzling Bushells coffee essence over cream mixture,or both can be used sparingly. A hit with our guests.
Very simple to make. I bought double the mixture to make 8 cups but it was only enough to fill 4 stantard sized drinking tumblers (I used smaller sized sponge finger biscuits to fit the glass better, but any bigger and the ratio of tiramisu to biscuit would be almost 1:1). I also chilled mine for longer than suggested to set the cream a bit more. The taste is good but for the size of the portions I made, maybe some ordinary whipped cream or some light chocolate mousse layered in with the tiramisu would have made it less 'rich'. Will definately give it another shot and try tweak them a bit
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Biamp Systems Acquires Dev-Audio
Renowned audio solutions manufacturer adds microphone technologies company as it continues developing innovative products enhancing the robustness of its DSP offering
BEAVERTON, Oregon — May 15, 2014 — Biamp Systems, a leading provider of innovative, networked media systems, today has announced the acquisition of Dev-Audio, a developer of advanced microphone processing technologies and the award-winning Microcone product. Microcone and its associated software application, Microcone Recorder, are conferencing products that actively track and enhance voice quality, adaptively reduce background noise, and record directly to any computer.
"The acquisition of Dev-Audio is a natural fit for Biamp as a company focused on delivering high-quality audio products to its customers," said Biamp Systems' President and CEO, Steve Metzger. "Innovating communications is part of Biamp's stated vision, and the products and technologies of Dev-Audio align perfectly with it."
Using a high-quality beamformed microphone array designed specifically for group settings, Microcone actively locates voices and simultaneously reduces background noise, resulting in exceptionally clear audio for a wide variety of applications.
Microcone Recorder is a sophisticated control application available for both Windows(R) and Mac(R) OS X. The program records, tags, and recalls meetings via a searchable database. The full Microcone product suite also includes Microcone Voices, which is an app for Skype(TM) that identifies participants in a conference; and Microcone Remote, which is an app for iPhone(R) providing full control of the Microcone, including scheduling and meeting tagging.
Iain McCowan, Founder and Managing Director of Dev-Audio, has extensive experience in microphone array technology and will join Biamp as a DSP engineer.
"We are all excited to welcome Iain to the Biamp team. His experience in new product development, speech recognition and enhancement, and microphone arrays will enable us to develop more innovative products for the conferencing market," said Matt Czyzewski, Executive Vice President of Operations, Biamp Systems.
More information on Biamp is available at www.biamp.com.
# # #
About Biamp Systems
Biamp Systems is a leading provider of innovative, networked media systems that power the world's most sophisticated audio/video installations. The company is recognized worldwide for delivering high-quality products and backing each product with a commitment to exceptional customer service.
The award-winning Biamp(R) product suite includes the Tesira(R) media system for digital audio networking, Audia(R) Digital Audio Platform, Nexia(R) digital signal processors, Sona(TM) AEC technology, and Vocia(R) Networked Public Address and Voice Evacuation System. Each has its own specific feature set that can be customized and integrated in a wide range of applications, including corporate boardrooms, conference centers, performing arts venues, courtrooms, hospitals, transportation hubs, campuses, and multi-building facilities.
Founded in 1976, Biamp is headquartered in Beaverton, OR, USA, with additional engineering operations in Brisbane, Australia and Rochester, NY. For more information on Biamp, please visit www.biamp.com.
All trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Related Topics: Audio, AV Control Systems, InfoComm, Microphones, News
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Home > Spain > Primera Division > Rayo Vallecano > Squad > Profile: Tito Tito Rayo VallecanoProfile of the Spanish footballer Tito, who currently plays as a defender at Rayo Vallecano. The 29-year old player Tito joined Rayo Vallecano from Alcorcon and wears the number 2 shirt. Tito Career
Tito : Rayo Vallecano News
Tito Career Honours
Source: wikipedia.org Tito Wiki, Stats & Links
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Casa Di Campagna In Toscana (2.9 miles from Ancaiano) | ||
Score from 392 reviews:
Set 9 km from Siena, this 19th-century country house features a restaurant and outdoor pool. It offers traditional Tuscan rooms with wood-beamed ceilings, surrounded by sunflower fields.
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from $45 Average price per night |
Villa Mucellena (3 miles from Ancaiano) | ||
Score from 325 reviews:
Set in the Tuscan countryside, 10 km from Colle di Val d'Elsa, Villa Mucellena offers rustic-style accommodation with free Wi-Fi. It features 2 outdoor pools, a restaurant and large garden.
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Score from 178 reviews:
Surrounded by the beautiful green Tuscan countryside, Residence San Lorenzo A Linari offers high-level services, comfort and outdoor activities a few miles from the historic city of Siena.
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Rinidia Bio (3.9 miles from Ancaiano) | ||
Score from 133 reviews:
Rinidia Bio offers self-catering apartments set in a working farm producing organic vegetables and fruit. The garden features an infinity pool with views of the Tuscan countryside. Parking is free.
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Borgo Il Poggiaccio Residence (3.9 miles from Ancaiano) | ||
Score from 97 reviews:
Very good
With large outdoor pool and terrace, Il Poggiaccio is a 14th century estate in the hills between Siena and San Gimignano. It features a gourmet Tuscan restaurant and wine cellar.
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There is 1 person looking at this farm stay.
Located 5 km from Siena, Villa Agostoli has a garden with pool. It offers free Wi-Fi and country-style accommodation with garden views.
" Very helpful people especially Simone who gave us English speaking contact with lots of great information on what to see and how to avoid tourist traps. She recommended a local Trattoria that served fresh ... " |
from $103 Average price per night |


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Man, I was following Abe before it was cool! If you were growing up in the 1990s and happened to have a Pentium II 400MHZ PC with a Voodoo graphics accelerator card, then chances are high that you'll remember playing Oddworld: Abe's Odysee in 1997. A remake has been on the cards for quite a while now, that see's the meek potential meat product re-imagined in glorious new visuals. And now Abe finally has a date on non-PS4 platforms.
Pillars of Eternity promises to be a proper old-school RPG. Inspired by Baldur's Gate, Iceland Dale and Planescpe: Torment, it got a whole bunch of Kickstarter money in late 2012. Unfortunately, I haven't let myself be too excited for it, until now.
Day Of The Tentacle returns, Broken Age hops over and Grim Fandango gets a date in this Double-Fine round-up
It's actually kind if funny. As much as we gamers ache for new technology and games, we can't seem to let go of our nostalgic past, holding onto our favourite classic games with the ferocity of an East-German bear hug. Over at the PlayStation Experience on the weekend, that nostalgia went into overdrive as Tim Schafer and Double Fine knocked out a trio of announcements.
When I think of Arc System Works, I think of games where the main goal is to punch, kick and slash your way to victory. After all, that's the developer that cranked out games such as BlazBlue and Guilty Gear. For their next game however, you'll still be punching, slashing and kicking anything in your way. You'll also be pile-driving and smashing any obstacles in your path, as this particular game shifts to a new dimension.
Remember I told you about that mobile MOBA called Vainglory many moons ago? I've had my eye on it simply because it's being developed by ex Riot and Blizzard employees. I have hopes of it being a decent and well conceived mobile title, and I will find out if it is soon enough. The game finally has a release date.
When you think of a space-sim, Star Citizen is probably the one that comes to mind the quickest. It is not, however, the only extremely promising one in development, and I'd go as far to say that I'm a little more excited for Elite Dangerous. Unlike Star Citizen though, Elite Dangerous has a release date. One not too far into the future either.
I should be embarrassed, but I'm not - I loved the original Harvest Moon games. I remember playing the original - tilling my perfect field and cheating on my wife. Ah, the memories of sowing my seed. The franchise is back, and it's better than ever.
HEY KIDS! This year, December isn't the barren wasteland of non-gaming releases thanks to a veritable glut of October and November launches. There are some great games coming out. Some big, some small and some in between like my gut after the traditional feast of Sandy Claws. But if there's one game that has my blood on fire, it has to be the new Guilty Gear game. That's right my lovelies, the Yuletide season is about to get messy with off the wall combos and special moves when the latest GG game arrives.
I've said it before, and I'll say it again until someone flips the switch on me that happens to be stuck on repeat: it is a good time to be a racing fan. Forza Horizon 2, DriveClub and the upcoming Project CARS have left road warriors spoilt for choice. But you can bet that there's a community out there that can't wait for Gran Turismo to return. Eventually.
I had a love-hate relationship with October this year. It was set to be an awesome month for games, but there were simply far too many scheduled for release so close to each other. Now it seems October isn't too bad. It's November that we have to worry about.
Oh I'm turning Japanese I'm turning Japanese. Right now, the Tokyo Games Show is blazing a trail of new announcements, most of which happen to be in some sort of language that I can't understand. Still, some info is beginning to leak out of that trade show. And it's all good news for Final Fantasy fans today.
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Last month the Xbox One lost another exclusive, after the struggling Crytek revealed that Ryse: Son of Rome would be making its way to PC later this year. Ryse isn't known for being a deeply engrossing title, but it is probably the most visually stunning title on the Xbox One. That makes me wonder what type of hardware is needed to get it running smoothly on PC. According to Steam, it's going to take a lot.
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text: squirrel csi By blu222 This was the grizzly scene on the walk on the way to work today. Okay CSI personnel... more »This was the grizzly scene on the walk on the way to work today. Okay CSI personnel did you figure it out? That's right', a great horned owl is the culprit. Dropped him from above. « less Published May 07, 2010 200 views More Info » Full Credits blu222 Uploader Stats & Data 15 Funny Votes 1 Die Votes 199 Views Published May 07, 2010 Categories: Not Safe For Work Parody Real Life Keywords: squirrel crime scene csi Up Next: Throwing Shade #76: Pot Cookies & Jennifer Aniston AUTOPLAY Up Next In: 10 Kidnapper FAIL Waterslide Loop FAIL Intervention with Kristin Chenoweth Can't Touch Vader Follow Facebook Twitter Tumblr Instagram Browse Related Comments Vaguely Related Videos Vaguely RelatedPics & Words Advertisement Advertisement From Around the Web ZergNet


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Proof that for any prime number $q>3$? $$(qn-1)^q(2qn+1) -(qn+1)^q +2^q$$ gives remainder $0$ when divided by $q^3$ for some $n\in N$,$n\ge 3$
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closed as off-topic by Jonas Meyer, Ittay Weiss, Grigory M, Najib Idrissi, dustin Jan 18 at 18:36This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
The edited form of the question is still incorrect: if $q=5$, $n=2$, then $$(qn-1)^q(2qn+1) -(qn+1)^q+2^q=(9)^5(21)-(11)^5+2^5=1079010\equiv 10\not\equiv0\bmod 125.$$ The edited form of the question is still incorrect: if $q=5$, $n=4$, then $$(qn-1)^q(2qn+1) -(qn+1)^q+2^q=(19)^5(41)-(21)^5+2^5=97435990\equiv 115\not\equiv0\bmod 125.$$ |


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1. Feininger's Chicago, 1941
by Andreas Feininger
El trains, South Side slums, Lake Shore Drive, stockyards. 60 pictures from 1941, 5 from 1948.
See All Softcovers | Hardcovers
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by Elizabeth McIlroy
Filled with evocative images and absorbing insight, this book presents two hundred years of excitement, evolution and expansion in the Windy City.
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by Studs Terkel
With the launch of Studs Terkel's ambitious new series on the lively arts (see pages 2-3), we look forward to introducing yet another generation of ... More
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5. Chicago at the Turn of the Century in Photographs: 122 Historic Views from the Collections of the Chicago Historical Society
by Larry A Viskochil (Editor), Grant Talbot Dean (Photographer)
Rare large-format prints offer detailed views of City Hall, State Street, the Loop, Hull House, Lincoln Park Zoo, Union Station, and many other ... More
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6. Barbara Crane: Chicago Loop
by LaSalle Bank Photography Collection, Thomas C Heagy (Foreword by), Barbara Crane
Hemmed in on three sides by the "El" and on the fourth by Lake Michigan, Chicago's downtown core is a vital conglomeration of architectural histories ... More
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7. Chicago: Hand-Altered Polaroid Photographs
by Professor Cynthia Davis, Mhs
Celebrated artist-photographer Cynthia Davis captures the Windy City's special appeal with her unique photographic technique
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In the tradition of E. B. White's bestselling Here Is New York, "Chicago" is a tribute to the "Second City"--part history, part memoir, and 100% ... More
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11. Chicago: A Photographic Celebration
"Explore the beauty of the Windy City through photographs! From Wrigley Field to Lakeshore Drive and the Magnificent Mile, this volume contains more ... More
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12. Chicago: Growth of a Metropolis
by Harold M Mayer, Richard C Wade
This is the story of Chicago and how it grew. In a little over a century it rose from a mere frontier outpost to become one of the great cities of ... More
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13. Historic Maps and Views of Chicago: 24 Frameable Maps and Views
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The 24 maps and views included in each book date from as far back as the early seventeenth century and up until the preset day. The selection include ... More
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14. Chicago's Beverly/Morgan Park Neighborhood
by Joe Oswald, Joseph C Oswald, Historical Society Ridge
Known as the "Village in the City," the Beverly/Morgan Park community developed as a country retreat for Chicago's social, political, and economic ... More
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by Russell Lewis
Historic Photos of Chicago captures the remarkable journey of the city of broad shoulders and its people through the historic photographs of the ... More
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First founded in 1853 by New York lawyer Paul Cornell, who named the community after the famous London park, Hyde Park was incorporated in 1861 and ... More
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21. Chicago: A Photographic Celebration
This delightful volume explores the beauty and diversity of the Windy City with over 80 full-color photographs and a lively and informative text by ... More
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22. Chicago
by Marilyn D Clancy, Ron Schramm (Photographer)
Chicago has acquired many names through the years, from the" windy city" to Paris on the Prairie." Discover for yourself what makes Chicago a great ... More
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23. The Lost Panoramas: When Chicago Changed Its River and the Land Beyond
by Michael Williams, Richard Cahan
"Over 175 duotone photographs"--Front jacket flap.
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24. Chicago: A Photographic Celebration
by Marilyn Soltis
"Explore the beauty of the Windy City through photographs! From Wrigley Field to Lakeshore Drive and the Magnificent Mile, this volume contains more ... More
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25. Murder City: The Bloody History of Chicago in the Twenties
by Michael Lesy
Lesy's portrait of a gruesome era could be fiction--but it's not. Providing a glimpse into the dark side of the Jazz Age, Lesy's sharp, fearless ... More
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text:
Format Films, Videos
Featured Items
- President McKinley's funeral cortege at Buffalo, N.Y.
- Move on
- Shall we prepare?
- 12th street rag / Euday Bowman
- Columbus's Most Prized Possession
- Chicago-Michigan football game
- Wreck of the battleship "Maine"
- Courtland Cox
- Street mail car, U.S.P.O.
- Country Club / Scott Joplin
- Westinghouse Air Brake Co. Westinghouse Co. works (casting ...
- American Beauty Rag / Joseph F. (Joseph Francis) Lamb
- Great conversations: the conductors: Zubin Mehta (Segment 12)
- Lawrence Guyot
- Two Brothers and a Dream
- Grace and Beauty / James Scott
- Roosevelt, friend of the birds [1]
- Krazy Kat, bugologist
- Bunkhouse, Cassinelli (Mill) Ranch
- Buckaroo Breakfast at Chuck Wagon
- Dorie and Joyce Ladner
- Evans Darrell Hopkins
- The great train robbery
- The Book That Changed the World
- Welding the big ring
- Panorama of Machine Co. aisle, Westinghouse works
- Never again! The story of a speeder cop
- Haiti Fieldwork, 1936
- Colored troops disembarking
- The skyscrapers of New York
Results 1 - 1 of 1
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Original Format: Film, Video Remove Original Format: Film, Video Remove Language: Albanian Remove Subject: Albanian Americans Remove-
Merita Halili and the Raif Hyseni Orchestra
Merita Halili and the Raif Hyseni Orchestra perform Albanian music from New York, celebrating 40 years of the Center for Traditional Music and Dance, as part of the Homegrown Concert Series sponsored by the American Folklife Center.
- Original Format: Film, Video - Manuscripts/Mixed Material
- Date: 2008-06-19


text:
The Diamond Vols (3-0) host Appalachian State on Wednesday, Feb. 19 at 3 p.m. All general admission tickets are just $2. LIVE VIDEO | LIVE STATS (Noon) | LIVE BLOG | TICKETS
Click here for the original story.
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- Nov 07, 2013
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- blackdontcrack
- Customer Service
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I try to shop at Target as much as possible because they are usually more black friendly.Today however was a whole different story.
Got followed around by some Mexi-*** security dude. Knew it was one cause I saw his face constantly all over the store. Reminded me eerily of George Zimmerman. I finally had to say something and he tried to claim at first that he was not following me, but then discreetly admitted that their had been a lot of packages ripped open in food as of late and they were under orders to investigate and crackdown.
I know he was following me because he suspected me of doing it and he followed me all over the store not just food.I went and spoke with the black manager of the store over it.
ef00666 review #456544Anonymous Nov 11, 2013 Los Angeles, California
You shop there because they are usually "more black friendly." Quite the racist comment coming from someone claiming discrimination. Get the chip off your shoulder.
0 1 ReplyAnonymous Nov 08, 2013 Easton, Washington
LP at all stores seems to be OUT OF CONTROL. I have seen these LP following around all kinds of people and the one's I think they should be following 'Not'. Strange why do you need mom,dad,grandmom,6 kids all shopping at the same time running all grabbing at different stuff they never really empty the entire CART they always leave stuff in the cart then the ringer starts ringing then they rearrange the cart? I have even seem them take from one bag and put other stuff in right in front of the cashier I get a *** white circle (alarm) left on my purchases I completely empty my cart I pay for everything and I have some LP *** in the parking lot asking me to come back inside to deactivate!
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Monaco Tourismus und Kongress Büro
Kaus Media Services
Sophienstrasse 6
30159 Hannover
Tel : +49 511 899 890 41
Fax : +49 511 899 890 69
Works by Mike Bouchet and Paul McCarthy will be on display until 10 September 2014
Mike Bouchet and Paul McCarthy have known each other for more than 25 years. Both have made their own observations regarding the Guggenheim Museum.
These similar observations, which began as a joke, led them to produce a large number of works and then a specific project at the Portikus Museum in Frankfurt. The project takes these concerns and places them in a multi-level exhibition structure, involving numerous spaces including outdoor locations. Titled "Powered A-Hole Spanish Donkey Sport Dick Drink Donkey Dong Dongs Sunscreen Model ", this exhibition – which took place from 14 February to 20 April 2014 – presented a range of installations and works whose point of departure was a satirical view of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao.
The "Double Deck" exhibition at the Marlborough Gallery in Monaco is an extension of the Frankfurt exhibition. Its title is a reference, within this new context, to various notions and double deck analogies: the Gallery is situated over two levels and is close to the port.
The conversion of the Gallery to accommodate the exhibition is astounding. The artists have completely taken over and transformed the spaces.
In this exhibition, Mike Bouchet and Paul McCarthy clearly illustrate their view of the art world: they produce works which are critical of art spaces, institutions, themselves, their own role in art, and consequently come up with new creative gestures, underlining the role of artists as court jesters and sharing their thoughts which raise important questions for our time, with a great deal of humour.
La Galerie Marlborough Monaco
"Double Deck"
10 July - 10 September 2014Anzahl der Ansichten : 168
Grisha Bruskin is Exhibiting His Work for Russian Year in Monaco
The "Duo Jumelles" – Twins in Concert at Monaco's Anglican Church
A Major Event in Monaco - Marion Cotillard in the Role of Joan of Arc!
"Aufbau einer Sammlung", die Geburtstagsausstellung des Neuen Nationalmuseums von Monaco
Restaurants in Monaco are Taking Part in the "Goût de/Good France" Project on 19 March 2015
Grisha Bruskin is Exhibiting His Work for Russian Year in Monaco
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"Heli Golf" Offer at the Domaine de Terre Blanche with Héli Air Monaco
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Kaus Media Services
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US 6770209 B2 Abstract An isotropic deposition method for trench narrowing of thin film magnetic write head features to be created by reactive ion etching. According to the method, a photolithographically defined photoresist trench is formed over a hardmask and underlying polymer layer as part of tri-layer resist process. Instead of performing the usual hardmask and polymer etching steps using the photoresist mask pattern, a spacer layer is deposited isotropically or directionally at an angle to cover the vertical side walls of the trench. The spacer layer is etchable by the hardmask etch process but resistant to the polymer etch process. When the hardmask etch process is performed, the spacer layer material applied to the trench side walls remains intact, thereby defining a narrowed trench that is extended by the subsequent base layer etch process.
Claims(10) 1. An isotropic deposition method for trench narrowing of thin film magnetic write head features to be created by reactive ion etching, comprising the steps of:
forming a polymeric base layer over a substrate;
applying a hardmask layer over said base layer;
applying an imaging photoresist layer over said hardmask layer;
defining a trench in said photoresist layer that exposes said hardmask layer, said trench having substantially vertical side walls and a bottom defined by said hardmask layer;
depositing a spacer layer isotropically or directionally at an angle using a deposition process to cover said trench side walls;
performing a first anisotropic etching process to remove horizontal portions of said spacer layer and said hardmask from said trench bottom while leaving intact vertical portions of said spacer layer that cover said trench side walls, thereby initiating formation of a first portion of a narrowed trench; and
performing a second anisotropic etching process to extend said-narrowed trench through said base layer to said substrate;
whereby a magnetic write head feature of reduced feature size may be formed in said narrowed trench.
2. A method in accordance with
3. A method in accordance with
4. A method in accordance with
5. A method in accordance with
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9. A method in accordance with
10. A method in accordance with
Description 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to thin film heads for magnetically writing information on data storage media, and particularly to fabrication processes for manufacturing such heads. Still more particularly, the invention concerns the reduction of write head feature size beyond that which can be achieved using conventional photolithography. 2. Description of the Prior Art By way of background, thin film magnetic write heads for use in data storage devices, such as disk drives, conventionally include features such as P1 and P2 pole pieces that cooperate to record magnetic domains in concentric track patterns on an underlying data storage medium. The configuration of the pole pieces, and particularly the track width feature size, is an important determinant of the track width of the magnetic domains recorded on the underlying medium. Because narrow track width translates to increased data storage capacity, all other things being equal, it is a design goal of disk drive manufacturers to reduce the track width feature size of the pole pieces. In thin film magnetic head processing, features are constructed using photolithographic processes. For example, to fabricate a pole piece, a photoresist layer is formed, then photo-exposed using a photolithographic mask to define the pole piece geometry, and then photo-developed to form a trench conforming to the defined geometry. The metallic pole piece material (typically a nickel-iron alloy) is deposited in the trench using an electroplating process. The remaining photoresist material is then stripped away, leaving behind the fully formed pole piece. In a tri-layer resist process, a feature is formed in a polymer layer using a �hardmask� layer over the polymer material. A standard photoresist layer is spun onto the hardmask and patterned to define the desired etch mask. Two etching processes are used to first etch the hardmask and then the polymer layer. The function of the hard mask is to ensure that the feature is formed anisotropically in the polymer layer during the second etching phase. The problem with this type of processing is that feature size can only be narrowed photolithographically by using shorter wavelength light and contrast enhancement techniques. Thus, whether conventional photolithography is used, or newer technologies such as deep UV or electron beam lithography, reductions in feature size typically require new and more expensive light sources and exposure technology. An additional disadvantage of photolithographic solutions is that line edge roughness becomes a concern as photolithographic features become ever smaller. Accordingly, an improved technique for reducing feature size in a thin film magnetic write head is required if improvements in disk drive performance are to be achieved. What is particularly needed is a new technique whereby feature size can be reduced while using any thin film magnetic head photolithographic process, including deep UV or electron beam lithography, without having to invest in higher cost photolithographic resolution enhancement solutions. An additional desirable requirement is that the technique be compatible with a tri-layer resist process in which a hardmask and an underlying polymer layer are separately etched to define features. A further requirement is that of reducing the line edge roughness of the photolithographically defined trenches. The foregoing problems are solved and an advance in the art is obtained by a novel isotropic deposition method for trench narrowing of thin film magnetic write head features to be created by reactive ion etching. According to the method, a polymer base layer is formed on a substrate, such as an electroplating seed layer. A hardmask layer (hardmask) is applied onto the polymer layer and a photoresist imaging layer is spun onto the hardmask to a desired thickness. A trench is defined in the photoresist layer to form a pattern for the feature. The trench is deep enough to expose the hardmask, and has substantially vertical side walls. Following formation of the trench, a spacer layer is deposited isotropically or directionally at an angle to cover the trench side walls. The material used to form the spacer layer is one that can be deposited isotropically while preserving trench geometry, or directionally at an angle. The material must also be etchable by a subsequent hardmask etch process and resistant to a subsequent base layer etch process. Horizontal portions of the spacer layer that overlie the bottom of the trench (if any) are anisotropically etched as part of the hardmask etch process to remove such material. Hardmask material is also removed from the trench bottom to expose the polymer layer. Vertical portions of the spacer layer that cover the trench side walls are left intact. This process initiates the formation of a narrowed trench that is reduced in horizontal size according to approximately twice the thickness of the spacer layer as deposited on the trench side walls. The base layer etch process extends the trench anisotropically through the polymer layer to reveal the underlying substrate. This is done without removing the spacer layer material from the trench sidewalls, so that the narrowed trench size is carried through the polymer to the substrate. A feature, such as a metallic pole piece, may now be formed by electroplating metallic material into the narrowed trench. The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical sectional view of a magnetic disk drive that incorporates a magnetic write head made according the present invention; FIG. 2 is a simplified horizontal sectional view of the disk drive of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken through the track width centerline of an integrated magnetic read/write head made in accordance with the invention; FIG. 4 is a front elevational view (taken from the air bearing surface) of the integrated read/write head of FIG. 3; and FIGS. 5A-5E are a sequence of diagrammatic sectional views showing the formation of a write head with reduced feature size according to the invention. Turning now to the figures, wherein like reference numerals represent like elements in all of the several views, FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a disk drive 2 that includes a magnetic write head constructed using the method of the invention. The disk drive 2 conventionally includes a base casting 4 made from aluminum or other suitable material. A cover 5 is removably mounted thereto via a hermetic seal (not shown). The base casting 4 supports a conventional spindle drive motor 6 having an associated drive spindle 8. The drive spindle 8 carries a disk 10 for high speed rotation therewith. Other disks (not shown) may also be carried on the drive spindle 8 to form a spaced vertically stacked disk platter arrangement. The disk 10 is made from a suitable material of a type usually found in magnetic disk drive assemblies. In particular, the disk 10 is formed from an aluminum or glass substrate with appropriate coatings being applied thereto such that at least one, and preferably both, of the upper and lower surfaces of the disk are magnetically encodable and aerodynamically configured for high speed interaction with a read/write transducer (described below). Data access to the disk 10 is achieved with the aid of an actuator 12 that is mounted for rotation about a stationary pivot shaft 14. The actuator 12 includes a rigid actuator arm 16 that carries a flexible suspension 18. The suspension 18 in turn carries a slider 20 that mounts a transducer 22. The transducer 22 is an integrated device that includes a magnetic write head and a read head that may incorporate a conventional magnetoresistive sensor or the like. The actuator 12, which is conventionally driven by a voice coil motor 24, moves the slider 20 generally radially across the surface of the disk 10 so that the transducer 22 is able to trace concentric data tracks on the disk. Data is recorded on the disk 10 by the write head portion of the transducer 22. Data is read from the disk 10 by the read head portion of the transducer 22. This data is processed into a readback signal by signal amplification and processing circuitry (not shown) that is conventionally located on the actuator arm 16. The readback signal, which carries both data and transducer position control information, is sent to the drive controller 25 for conventional processing. The controller 25 also generates write data and position control information during data write operations. It will be appreciated that the foregoing detailed description of the disk drive 2 and the transducer 22 is exemplary in nature, and that many other design configurations would be possible while still incorporating a write head that has been fabricated according to the invention. For example, the disk drive 2 may include a large number of disks and actuators, and each actuator may carry plural suspensions and multiple sliders. Moreover, instead of using an air bearing slider, an alternative transducer carrying structure may be used that maintains the transducer 22 in contact or near contact with the disk 10. Turning now to FIGS. 3 and 4, the write head portion of the transducer 22 is shown at 26 and the read head portion of the transducer is shown at 28. The transducer 22 is shown in FIG. 3 as being lapped at 29 to form an air bearing surface (ABS). This ABS 29 is spaced from the rotating disk 10 during drive operation by virtue of the above-described air bearing. FIG. 4 shows the transducer 22 from the vantage point of the ABS 29. The write head 26 conventionally includes a combined layer comprising 12 insulative material 30 and plural inductive coil loops 32. The combined insulation and coil layer 30/32 is formed on an I1 insulation layer 34. The coils of the combined layer 30/32 inductively drive first and second pole pieces 36 and 38. A G3 gap layer 40 is sandwiched between the pole pieces 36 and 38 to provide a magnetic write gap at the pole tips 36 a and 38 a located adjacent to the ABS 29. Note that the pole piece 36 is commonly referred to as a �P1� pole piece and is labeled as such in FIG. 3. The pole piece 38 may either be referred to as a �P2� or �P3� pole piece depending on how the pole tip 38 a is formed. If, as shown in FIG. 3, the pole tip 38 a is formed separately from the pole piece 38, the pole piece 38 is referred to as a �P3� pole piece (and is labeled as such in FIG. 3) and the pole tip 38 a is referred to as a �P2 stub� (as also shown in FIG. 3). If the pole tip 38 a is formed with as part of the pole piece 38, the pole piece 38 is referred to as a �P2� pole piece. During a data write operation, signal current is conducted through the coils C of the combined layer 30/32, and flux is induced into the pole pieces 36 and 38. This flux fringes across the pole tips 36 a and 38 a at the ABS 29 and forms magnetic domains on the rotating disk 10. As indicated above, the magnetic domains are arranged to define concentric tracks on the disk 10. Note that the back gap portion of the write head 26 is not shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 shows the face of the pole tip portions 36 a and 38 a of the pole pieces 36 and 38. The track width feature size of the pole tips 36 a and 38 a is defined by the dimension TW in FIG. 4. It will be seen that the pole piece 36 also includes a lower portion that extends beyond the track width dimension TW. This configuration is shown by way of example only and will not necessarily be found in other write heads made in accordance with the invention. The read head 28 of FIGS. 3 and 4 includes a thin film read sensor 42 disposed in adjacent G1 and G2 gap areas 44 and 46. The G1 and G2 gap areas 44 and 46 are in turn sandwiched between a first (S1) magnetic shield layer 48 and second (S2) magnetic shield layer 50 that in some designs may also be used to provide the pole piece 36. The S1 shield layer 48 is conventionally formed over the slider 20, which is only partially shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 for clarity. During a read operation, magnetized domains on the concentric tracks of the rotating disk 10 inject flux into the read sensor 42. This influences the read sensor 42, causing a corresponding signal to be produced by the read sensor's sensing circuit (not shown). Turning now to FIGS. 5A-5E, a method is shown for producing features of the write head 26, such as the pole piece 38, so that its pole tip 38 a has reduced track width feature size at the ABS 29. Each of FIGS. 5A-5E is a sectional view taken along what will become the ABS 29 of the transducer 22, such that the pole piece track width feature size can be illustrated. In FIG. 5A, a plating seed layer 60 comprising a nickel-iron (NiFe) alloy, a nickel-iron-cobalt (NiFeCo) alloy, an iron-aluminum alloy (FeAl) or any other suitable seed layer metal, is applied over an underlying structure (not shown) to a thickness of about 0.1 μm. After formation of the seed layer 60, which serves as a substrate for the subsequent layers, a base layer 62 is applied over the seed layer to a thickness of about 3-5 μm. The base layer 62 can be made from any suitable polymer, including Novalac resin, available under the product designation RMPN-60 from Sumitomo Chemical Co., Inc. A hardmask layer 64, made from tantalum oxide or the like, is applied over the base layer 62 to a thickness of about 0.1 μm. A photoresist imaging layer 66 comprising a conventional photoactive polymer material is spun onto the hardmask 64 to a thickness of about 0.5 μm. In FIG. 5B, a trench 68 is defined in the photoresist layer 66 to initiate the formation of a stencil for the feature of interest. The trench 68 is defined using the usual photoresist masking techniques, with the photoresist material being either a negative resist, or more conventionally, a positive resist. Using a wet etching process to remove the exposed photoresist material, the trench 68 will extend to the hardmask 64, and will be defined by a trench bottom 70 and substantially vertical side walls 71 that extend from the trench bottom to the top of the photoresist layer 66. As shown in FIGS. 5C-1 and 5C-2, following formation of the resist-imaged trench 68 of FIG. 5B, a spacer layer 72 is deposited to cover at least the trench side walls 71. Preferred deposition techniques include isotropic deposition using a process such as PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) including PECVD (Plasma Enhanced CVD), or IBD (Ion Beam Deposition). FIG. 5C-1 illustrates an isotropically deposited spacer layer 72 that covers not only the trench vertical side walls 71, but also the trench bottom 70. Note that the deposition process should preferably be one that can be implemented at relatively low temperature, e.g., less than about 100� Celsius, so that there is no softening of the photoresist layer 66. This requirement may be relaxed if a photoresist material is used which is compatible with higher temperatures. However, the temperature must not be so high as to cause degradation of the material layers of the read sensor 42. As an alternative to isotropic deposition, the spacer layer 72 can be applied directionally at an angle using angled IBD or ion-assisted IBD (both of which are low temperature processes). According to this technique, and as illustrated in FIG. 5C-2, the spacer layer material is applied at an angle of between 0-90� (relative to the vertical axis of the trench 68) to coat the trench side walls 71 while minimizing or eliminating the deposition of spacer layer material at the trench bottom 70. This can help compensate for lag during subsequent RIE (Reactive Ion Etching) of the hardmask layer 64 and the polymer layer 62. The technique can be practiced both with substrate rotation and with a fixed rotation angle perpendicular to the trench 68. The material used to form the spacer layer 72 must be carefully selected according to several criteria. In particular, the spacer layer material must be (1) capable of being deposited isotropically while faithfully preserving the shape of the trench 68, or directionally at an angle, (2) etchable in a subsequent hardmask etch, and (3) resistant to a subsequent base layer etch. The latter requirement ensures that the spacer layer material will help preserve the hardmask etch dimension during polymer etching. Materials that can satisfy all of the foregoing requirements are elements, compounds or alloys that can be easily deposited using one of the deposition processes described above and which can also be easily removed in an anisotropic manner by reactive ion etch methods using halogen or halogen compound etchants and implemented at relatively low temperatures (i.e., less than 100� Celsius) in order to avoid deformation of the trench-defining resist features. Candidate elements having the potential to satisfy all of the foregoing requirements are metals and semiconductors, including carbon, in Groups 1b, 2b, 3a/b, 4a/b, 5a/b, 6b, 7b and 8 of the Periodic Table of Elements. Oxides, nitrides and carbides of such materials, as well as other compounds and alloys containing such materials, may also be used, as can combinations of any of the foregoing. If multiple spacer layer materials are used, they may be applied in multiple spacer sub-layers until the full spacer layer 72 is formed. By way of example only and not by way of limitation, exemplary elemental materials that may be used to form the spacer layer 72 include silicon, germanium, tungsten, tantalum and titanium. Exemplary compounds include oxides, nitrides and carbides of silicon, germanium, tungsten, tantalum and titanium. Exemplary alloys include SiGe, GaAs, and others. As indicated, the formation of the spacer layer 72 can be performed in multiple stages using different materials. In one particularly advantageous construction, the spacer layer 72 may be formed by first applying a coating of tantalum or titanium (or other suitable material) and then applying a coating of tungsten. Tungsten is advantageous because it facilitates focused ion beam imaging of a small area of a production thin film wafer for periodic process control monitoring or other testing. It is also more readily etchable by the hardmask etch process now to be discussed. A disadvantage of tungsten is that it must be applied at relatively high temperature, which, if not for the undercoating of tantalum or titanium (or other material), could cause undesirable widening/flaring of the trench 68 by melting the photoresist material. In FIG. 5D, horizontal portions of the spacer layer 70 are etched (anisotropically) during the hardmask etch process. This removes spacer layer material, if it is present, from the bottom 70 of the trench 68. This etching step also removes the hardmask material at the trench bottom 70 to expose the base layer 62. The spacer layer vertical portions 74 that cover the trench side walls 71 are left intact during this process. The hardmask etch step is conventionally performed using reactive ion etching, with a halogen or halogen compound etchant being typically used. This process initiates the formation of a narrowed trench 76 that is narrowed according to approximately twice the thickness of the spacer layer vertical portions 74. The thickness of the spacer layer vertical portions 74 may be controlled to range from zero up to about 200 nm. At that point, the time required to deposit additional spacer layer material may act as a disincentive against further increases in spacer layer thickness. The thickness at which the spacer layer 70 is applied will also depend on the starting width of the trench 68, with less spacer layer material being required for trenches of small size. Note that if the spacer layer 72 is deposited according to the two-step deposition process described above, a base layer of tantalum or titanium (or other material) could be applied at a thickness of about 50 nm, and the second layer of tungsten (if used) could be applied at a thickness of about 0-150 nm. In FIG. 5E, the base layer etch is conventionally performed using reactive ion etching, with an oxidizing etchant being typically used. This process defines the narrowed trench 76, which as stated above is narrowed according to approximately twice the thickness of the spacer layer vertical portions 74. Moreover, because the spacer layer deposition process produces a relatively smooth surface on the spacer layer vertical portions 74, the narrowed trench 76 can be contoured more precisely than a trench formed purely lithographically. The base layer etch process also removes the photoresist layer 66 while typically leaving behind all or part of the spacer layer vertical portions 74. A feature, such as a metallic pole piece, may now be formed by electroplating metallic material into the narrowed trench. The hardmask 64, the spacer layer vertical portions 74 and the polymer layer 62 may then be removed, preferably by a combination of dry and wet etch processes. Accordingly, an isotropic deposition method for trench narrowing of magnetic write head features to be created by reactive ion etching has been disclosed. While various embodiments of the invention have been described, it should be apparent that many variations and alternative embodiments could be implemented in accordance with the invention. For example, although fabrication of the pole tip 38 a is shown in FIGS. 5A-5E, the disclosed method could also be used to fabricate the pole tip 36 a, as well as the coils 32 of the combined layer 30/32 (to reduce coil pitch). It is understood, therefore, that the invention is not to be in any way limited except in accordance with the spirit of the appended claims and their equivalents. Patent Citations
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The Irish drugmaker moves on from its terminated sale to AbbVie to purchase New Jersey-based NPS Pharmaceuticals.
The Irish drugmaker moves on from its terminated sale to AbbVie to purchase New Jersey-based NPS Pharmaceuticals.
A study of female eastern fence lizards that bear a distinctly male trait yields tantalizing clues about the tradeoffs involved in blurring the lines of sexual dimorphism.
Maryland-based Vtesse will work with the US National Institutes of Health to advance treatments for Niemann-Pick Type C disease and other lysosomal storage disorders.
Researchers who contributed to the development of Viagra and produced "greener" solvents, respectively, achieved knight status from the Queen of England.
Meet some of the people featured in the January 2015 issue of The Scientist.
Automating Drosophila behavior screens gives researchers a break from tedious observation, and enables higher-throughput, more-quantitative experiments than ever before.
The artful science of Tom Deerinck, a micrographer who consistently places in Nikon's Small World competition
Regulation of genome expression orchestrates the behavior of insect castes and the human response to social stress.
Neuroscientist Anthony Zador explains why he uses rats to understand auditory attention in the brain.
An enzyme that cleaves tau protein in acidic cellular conditions may trigger early events in Alzheimer's disease.


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text:
Authors: Wirjantoro, T. I.1; Lewis, M. J.1; Grandison, A. S.1; Williams, G. C.2; Delves-Broughton, J.2
Source: Journal of Food Protection®, Number 2, February 2001, pp. 147-276, pp. 213-219(7)
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: 1: School of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, England 2: Danisco Cultor, Beaminster DT83DZ, Dorset, England
Publication date: February 1, 2001


text:
Relevant offers
Ross Taylor might be trying to fade into the background but Mitchell McClenaghan loudly wants everyone to know he's there.
Particularly the England batsmen, ahead of tomorrow's first Twenty20 international at Eden Park in Auckland.
On a day where the throngs surrounded Taylor as he dead-batted questions on his "work in progress" relationship with New Zealand coach Mike Hesson, McClenaghan was setting his sights on the England top-order at the outer oval's nets.
The find of the tour of South Africa, the imposing left-armer said it was his job to continue the all-out aggression on a bouncy drop-in pitch and start the tour on the right note for long-suffering home fans.
"If that's what's needed; if we need to start a fight to really get up these guys and make them feel uncomfortable, then that'll be my role," McClenaghan said.
"You don't want to get too carried away; some guys thrive on that but if we need that, then I'll be leading it from the front."
McClenaghan started with a bang on his one-day international debut, taking 4-20 in New Zealand's win over South Africa in Paarl last month.
He took six wickets at 23.50, and an economy rate of 4.70, in the 2-1 series win which followed an equally impressive debut T20 series as he charged in, made his presence felt and hurried up the home batsmen.
The nerves the 26-year-old felt in Durban on debut will be nothing compared with tomorrow in his first outing for the season on the main oval at his home ground.
With his parents returning from Australia to watch, and plenty more relatives and friends in the stands, he's predicting some early jitters as he eyes big hitters Michael Lumb and Alex Hales.
"New Zealand wickets are a lot more batter-friendly, so there's less margin for error. Obviously it's a new challenge with 45m straight boundaries. A par score is almost 200 in HRV Cup, so if you go for under 30 [off four overs] it could be a match-winning bowling performance."
His confidence, and that of the team, is high. McClenaghan saw England's warmup games in Whangarei on television and had copious footage of their batsmen.
But he felt England's last-ball loss to the New Zealand XI on Wednesday wasn't hugely significant. "It's not so much about the loss for them; it's about how we fought back from a disappointing tour of South Africa to win that one-day series. You can feel that vibe has flowed on and everyone's really excited and confident. There's just no fear.
"Obviously you give the opposition respect but everyone's confident in their own game."
Indeed, the T20 series might well hinge on one stunning performance and New Zealand will back themselves to win.
Particularly with Taylor back in the fold, having completed his first team training yesterday after his much-publicised fallout with Hesson following which he missed the South Africa tour.
Taylor and Hesson, the man who axed him, had the cameras clicking when they spoke during practice. The former skipper later said: "The relationship's a work in progress but I've got friends in the team and I'm looking forward to playing for them, and obviously playing for management and the country as well."
Taylor saw the man who succeeded him, Brendon McCullum, for the first time yesterday but maintained there was no issue with any of his team-mates, McCullum included.
"I'm sure we'll go and meet up over the next couple of days somewhere. I don't think there was anything wrong with our relationship in the first place."
Meanwhile, there was one injury concern among the 13-strong New Zealand squad, with all-rounder Ian Butler in serious doubt with an ankle injury suffered during Tuesday's match in Whangarei.
The newly recalled Butler didn't train yesterday and was still being assessed last night.
No-one had been summoned to the squad as cover, a team spokeswoman said.
- The Dominion Post
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[June 24, 2014]
Mellanox InfiniBand and Ethernet Solutions Deliver Leading Performance and Efficiency for AppliedMicro's X-Gene ARM-based Server Platform
(ENP Newswire Via Acquire Media NewsEdge) ENP Newswire - 24 June 2014 Release date- 23062014 - ISC'14, Leipzig, Germany - Mellanox Technologies, Ltd. (NASDAQ: MLNX), a leading supplier of high-performance, end-to-end connectivity solutions for data center servers and storage systems, today announced that its end-to-end FDR 56Gb/s InfiniBand and 10/40 Gigabit Ethernet interconnect solutions deliver leading performance and efficiency for Applied Micro Circuits Corporation (NASDAQ: AMCC) X-Gene ARM-based platform.
The X-Gene family with integrated 64-bit ARM-enabled processing is the first commercially available 64-bit ARM platform. Connected with Mellanox interconnect solutions, the X-Gene ARM architecture platform provides high-performance data centers, cloud providers and application developers with an efficient ARM-based infrastructure. Demonstrations of the joint solution will take place at the ISC'14 conference (June 23-25) at the Mellanox booth (#531) and the AppliedMicro booth (#506).
Mellanox FDR 56Gb/s InfiniBand and 10/40 Gigabit Ethernet products, optimized for the X-Gene platform, ensures that leading ARM technology applications receive high CPU efficiency levels with the fastest data speeds to enable superior performance.
'As the only ARM 64-bit-based x86-class server solution provider, AppliedMicro is pleased to work with the interconnect market leader to enable scale-out solutions with both InfiniBand and Ethernet for a variety of workloads, including High Performance Computing, with our first generation X-Gene Server on a Chip product,' said Gaurav Singh, vice president of technology strategy at AppliedMicro. 'Mellanox's high-speed, high-reliability end-to-end solutions paired with X-Gene's brawny cores, wide memory bandwidth and integrated high-speed I/O delivers world-class system-level performance at substantially lower power.' 'Mellanox enables the usage of data by enabling the fastest movement of information between CPUs and between CPUs and storage elements. Together with AppliedMicro, we now introduce the first 64-bit ARM platform for commercial usage,' said Gilad Shainer, vice president of marketing at Mellanox Technologies. 'Server and storage platforms utilizing the X-Gene platform with Mellanox FDR 56Gb/s InfiniBand and Ethernet interconnect solutions will ensure the highest performance and return-on-investment.' Visit Mellanox Technologies at ISC'14 (June 23-25, 2014) Visit Mellanox Technologies at ISC'14 (booth #531) to see demonstrations and the full suite of Mellanox's end-to-end high-performance InfiniBand and Ethernet solutions.
For more information on Mellanox's event and speaking activities at ISC'14, please visit
Supporting Resources: Learn more about Mellanox's complete FDR 56Gb/s InfiniBand solution Learn more about Mellanox's end-to-end 10 Gigabit Ethernet and 40/56 Gigabit Ethernet solutions Follow Mellanox on Twitter, Facebook, Google+, Linked-In, and YouTube Join the Mellanox Community About Mellanox Mellanox Technologies is a leading supplier of end-to-end InfiniBand and Ethernet interconnect solutions and services for servers and storage. Mellanox interconnect solutions increase data center efficiency by providing the highest throughput and lowest latency, delivering data faster to applications and unlocking system performance capability. Mellanox offers a choice of fast interconnect products: adapters, switches, software, cables and silicon that accelerate application runtime and maximize business results for a wide range of markets including high performance computing, enterprise data centers, Web 2.0, cloud, storage and financial services. More information is available at www.mellanox.com.
About AppliedMicro Applied Micro Circuits Corporation is a global leader in computing and connectivity solutions for next-generation cloud infrastructure and data centers. AppliedMicro delivers silicon solutions that dramatically lower total cost of ownership. Corporate headquarters are located in Sunnyvale, California. www.apm.com.
Mellanox, ConnectX, SwitchX, and Virtual Protocol Interconnect are registered trademarks of Mellanox Technologies, Ltd. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.
Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: Certain matters discussed in this press release are forward-looking statements, including statements related to the need for high-performance data centers, Web 2.0, cloud and storage infrastructures to scale their 40Gb/s and 56Gb/s interconnect to 100Gb/s to address the exponential growth in data and the acceleration of large scale data center deployments.
These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry and business, management's beliefs and certain assumptions made by us, all of which are subject to change.
Forward-looking statements can often be identified by words such as 'projects,' 'anticipates,' 'expects,' 'intends,' 'plans,' 'predicts,' 'believes,' 'seeks,' 'estimates,' 'may,' 'will,' 'should,' 'would,' 'could,' 'potential,' 'continue,' 'ongoing,' similar expressions and variations or negatives of these words. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future results and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause our actual results to differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statement.
The risks and uncertainties that could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements include the continued expansion of our product line, customer base and the total available market of our products, the continued growth in demand for our products, the continued, increased demand for industry standards-based technology, our ability to react to trends and challenges in our business and the markets in which we operate, our ability to anticipate market needs or develop new or enhanced products to meet those needs, the adoption rate of our products, our ability to establish and maintain successful relationships with our OEM partners, our ability to effectively compete in our industry, fluctuations in demand, sales cycles and prices for our products and services, our success converting design wins to revenue-generating product shipments, the continued launch and volume ramp of large customer sales opportunities, and our ability to protect our intellectual property rights. Furthermore, the majority of our quarterly revenues are derived from customer orders received and fulfilled in the same quarterly period. We have limited visibility into actual end-user demand as such demand impacts us and our OEM customer inventory balances in any given quarter. Consequently, this introduces risk and uncertainty into our revenue and production forecasts and business planning and could negatively impact our financial results. In addition, current uncertainty in the global economic environment poses a risk to the overall economy as businesses may defer purchases in response to tighter credit conditions, changing overall demand for our products, and negative financial news. Consequently, our results could differ materially from our prior results due to these general economic and market conditions, political events and other risks and uncertainties described more fully in our documents filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
More information about the risks, uncertainties and assumptions that may impact our business is set forth in our annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 28, 2014. All forward-looking statements in this press release are based on information available to us as of the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements.
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text:
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Fac̜ade principale de Ste. Sophie, prise de la cour du médressé
- Title: Fac̜ade principale de Ste. Sophie, prise de la cour du médressé
- Creator(s): Haghe, Louis, 1806-1885, lithographer
- Related Names:
Fossati, Gaspare, 1809-1883 , artist - Date Created/Published: [1852]
- Medium: 1 print : lithograph, color.
- Summary: Print shows madrasah courtyard and exterior of Ayasofya Mosque, formerly the Church of Hagia Sophia, ancient Greek ablution fountains in the foreground; with groups of men in traditional dress.
- Reproduction Number: LC-USZC4-11875 (color film copy transparency)
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No known restrictions on publication in the U.S. Use elsewhere may be restricted by other countries' laws. For general information see "Copyright and Other Restrictions..." (http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/print/195_copr.html)
- Call Number: Illus. in NA5870.S3F8 (Case Y) [P&P]
- Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
- Notes:
- Title from plate list.
- Illus. in: Aya Sofia, Constantinople, as recently restored by order of H.M. the Sultan Abdul Medjid / from the original drawings by Chevalier Gaspard Fossati ; lithographed by Louis Haghe, Esq. London : Messrs. P. & D. Colnagni & Co., 1852, [p. 23], plate 16.
- Some plates were bound in volume in incorrect numbering sequence.
- Subjects:
- Ayasofya Müzesi--1850-1860.
- Mosques--Turkey--Istanbul--1850-1860.
- Orthodox churches--Turkey--Istanbul--1850-1860.
- Conservation & restoration--Turkey--Istanbul--1850-1860.
- Ablution fountains--Turkey--Istanbul--1850-1860.
- Madrasahs--Turkey--Istanbul--1850-1860.
- Courtyards--Turkey--Istanbul--1850-1860.
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