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I'm going to add this first hand account of a commercial brewery attempting to get lab tested IBU levels vs their calculations.http://www.deschutesbrewery.com/blog...nd-statistics/
It's fascinating stuff to play with, that's for sure. Looking forward to hearing your results pjj2ba.
Well, it's obvious that there is a lot going on and that accurately predicting IBUs is difficult at best at this point in time. Still, I was curious as to which IBU predictor model was "best".
It would be nice to simply cut and paste the data I used behind these summaries, but that's not so easy to do here and keep the formatting (column alignment).
So to summarize, my take on the data:
1) there are a lot of holes in understanding how the data was obtained, what assumptions were made, what process was followed, etc.
2) there is a definite pecking order of algorithms in terms of accuracy at predicting IBUs in the final brew.
3) The top 3 algorithms are likely in a similar range of acceptability, while the worst seems to have a flawed model.
The results:
1. Mosher
Chi-squared statistic (lower is better, and is equal to sum of (Oi-Ai)^2/Ai where Oi is observation i, and Ai is actual value i): 11.8
Std Dev of Chi-square data (lower is better): 2.53
Average Error value (closer to zero is better): 4.33 IBU's (over-predicted)
Std Dev of errors (lower is better): 4.32 IBUs
Worst error (lower is better): 8 IBUs (over-predicted)
2. Tinseth
Chi-squared: 17.97
Std Dev of Chi-sq data: 3.64
Avg Error: 4.67 IBUs (over-predicted)
Std Dev of errors: 6.41 IBUs
Worst error: 14 IBUs (over-predicted)
3. Rager
Chisquared statistic: 25.36
Std Dev of Chi-squared data: 5.79
Avg Error: 7.00 IBUs (over-predicted)
Std Dev of errors: 5.73 IBUs
Worst error: 14 IBUs (over-predicted)
4. Garetz
Chisquared statistic: 30.8
Std Dev of chisquared data: 3.49
Avg Error: -9.17 IBUs (under-predicted)
Std Dev of Errors: 11.27 IBUs
Worst Error: 20 IBUs (under-predicted)
5. Daniels
Chisquared statistic: 114.43
Std Dev of chisquared data: 16.14
Avg Error: 22.33 IBUs (over-predicted)
Std Dev of errors: 15.68
Worst Error: 40 IBUs (over-predicted)
I also notice that a single data point (the 6 Simcoe) sticks out in the Tinseth model, meaning there might have been some issue with the process that wasn't captured in the prediction for that particular batch. At any rate, I think that based on this limited amoutn of data, the top 3 algorithms perform well enough to be useful.
What is the Mosher algorithm?
I used Daniel's method in my homebrew spreadsheet...no wonder I rely more on 'feel' than anything wrt hops. I trust my color prediction more than my bitterness prediction.
I'm gonna try Tinseth first and see how that goes but I'd like to try all of them...but I didn't see the Mosher method.
I haven't written up Mosher or Daniels yet. I'll probably skip Daniels since it's not particularly accurate, but I'll get around to Mosher eventually.
On deck: Little Bo Pils, Bretta Off Dead (Brett pale)
Secondary: Oude Bruin, Red Sky at Morning (Sour brown ale)
On tap: Saison Duphunk (sour), Amarillo Slim (IPA), Earl White (ginger/bergamot wit)
Bottled: Number 8 (Belgian Strong Dark Ale), Eternale (Barleywine), Ancho Villa (Ancho/pasilla/chocolate/cinnamon RIS), Oak smoked porter (1/2 maple bourbon oaked, 1/2 apple brandy oaked)
I just need the equation so I can put it in a spreadsheet. I converted the algorithms you posted earlier back to a 'regular' equation so I can use them. Either will do.
My last programming was a Fortran class in the late 80's...never really used it and can't remember much of it. So I just use a spreadsheet.
I use Tinseth in my spreadsheet. I think I found everything right here: Hop Utilization Page
I wish beersmith had more than 3 choices for calculating IBU's
I may not be an expert, but I did stay at a Holiday Inn Express........ 6 months ago.http://www.homebrewtalk.com/f39/denn...9/#post1766281http://groups.homebrewtalk.com/Tapro...ook_Repository
You've inspired me, DEC, to see if the average, or some combination of the top 3 algorithms provides an even "better" algorithm. But I won't be able to look at this until tomorrow.
For the record, I also use Tinseth in my spreadsheet. I won't change unless I can markedly improve the quality of the prediction.


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Special Considerations
When feeding grain sorghum, grind to medium fineness. All grain sorghum types are about equal to corn or barley in feeding value for cattle. In grain rations for cattle, sorghum grain should make up no more than one-half the ration. For poultry rations, use no more than 10 percent of the bird-resistant (dark seed coat) types; when using them in place of yellow corn, you must add an additional source of xanthophyll pigments to maintain proper skin and egg yolk color. When using grain sorghum in poultry and swine rations, you may need to make some adjustments to balance protein, mineral, and amino acid content.
Sorghum yields better than corn in dry years and on droughty soils. In variety trials conducted at the Southeastern Research Laboratory in Landisville, corn and sorghum yields were 150 and 135 bushels, respectively, in a good growing season and 60 and 90 bushels, respectively, in a drought year. Consider sorghum for dry soils where corn yields average 80 bushels per acre or less.

subset: commoncrawl


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The already traditional air show for the general public will be held on Saturday, June 13th 2015.
Entrance to the airshow: 150 CZK (6 Euro) / person
Airshow family tickets: 250 CZK (10 Euro) / 2 adults + 2 children up to 15 years
Children under the age of 15: free admission
Airshow program:
9:00 – 13:00
Presentation of air modelers, demonstrations of Czech Police and Fire and Rescue Services . The volunteer fire brigade from different Hradec Kralove town districts prepared a competition for children. Firefighters from Hradec Kralove and Liberec will demonstrate the rescue of persons using mechanisms and tools involved and used in car crashes and other accidents. Presentations from the Czech custom services, canine experts, the Red Cross and other rescue organizations (Záchranný kruh).
13:00 – 16:30 (main program)
An exciting programme awaits visitors who will attend the event. The airshow demonstration program will be completed soon.


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In Mixed Catch, NF Senior Editor Linc Bedrosian spotlights a wide range of commercial fishing-related news items from coast to coast.
Thursday, 11 October 2012
Compiling items from our archives for our "Fishing Back When" column allows us to pour over stories and photos stretching back over 50 years. It's fascinating to see how commercial fishing has changed in some ways, but not in others.
One thing that hasn't changed is fishermen's remarkable ability to persevere in the face of adversity. And there's no finer example of this than a wonderful story by Rona S. Zable that appeared in our December 1982 issue.
In it, we learn that in November 1958, Robert Wayne Paxton was a fisherman aboard the New Bedford scalloper Linus S. Eldridge. The Iowa native was 29 years old, married and the father of two small children.
And then tragedy struck.
A winch cable broke during a storm at sea, causing the fishing gear to fall on Paxton, crushing his back and skull and smashing his face against the deck. A Coast Guard helicopter rushed him to Brighton Marine Hospital, where his condition was deemed "very critical."
He would not regain consciousness for 11 months. Since he could only be fed via nasal tubes, his weight dropped from 165 pounds to 92 pounds over that time.
According to the story, relatives were told Paxton likely wouldn't live. And even if he did, he'd probably be brain damaged. The medical prognosis was so dire that for years, Paxton's relatives, scattered throughout the country, thought he was dead.
But in time, Paxton began to recover. He emerged from his coma, eventually relearning how to talk and to walk with the aid of a special walker. His right eye was blinded in the accident, but some vision remained in his left one.
His memory returned, too. He remembered his brothers and sisters, but over the years had lost contact with them. Eventually estranged from his wife, Paxton became a resident at the Casa Seville Long-Term Care Facility in New Bedford.
Then Paxton's daughter died. Dr. John Swanson, the facility's executive director, believing that Paxton needed emotional support from his family, set out to find Paxton's relatives. Eventually, he tracked down a cousin in Iowa, which led to locating the rest of the Paxton clan.
Soon his relatives were calling Paxton and sending him cards and letters. Paxton ended up moving to Mineral Wells, Texas, near where one brother lived. The Lone Star State was also a central location that would enable Paxton's other relatives to visit him. Twenty-four years after his accident, Robert Paxton, at age 51, was reunited with his family members. And today, 30 years later, the tale of Paxton's resilience and of his doctor's perseverance remains an inspiring one.
National Fisherman Live: 12/16/14
In this episode, Bruce Buls, WorkBoat's technical editor, interviews Long Island lobsterman John Aldridge, who survived for 12 hours after falling overboard in the dead of night. Aldridge was the keynote speaker at the 2014 Pacific Marine Expo, which took place Nov. 19-21 in Seattle.
NOAA, in consultation with the Department of the Interior, has appointed 10 new members to the Marine Protected Areas Federal Advisory Committee. The 20-member committee is composed of individuals with diverse backgrounds and experience who advise the departments of commerce and the interior on ways to strengthen and connect the nation's MPA programs. The new members join the 10 continuing members appointed in 2012.


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Apple and IBM have struck a milestone deal, joining forces to promote Apple's products to more businesses.
The deal opens the door for Apple to IBM's sales machine, which will promote the use of iPhones and iPads (and possibly very soon iWatches) in industries such as health care and banking.
Device manufacturers are currently all flocking to the business market, filling voids such as those left by the demise of BlackBerry.
Never before has the business world been a prime target for Apple's consumer-led devices, but with strong competition cropping up from Samsung and with Microsoft's Windows Phones set to start nibbling at Apple's mobile heels, the firm is ramping up efforts to get into the office with its portable devices.
Apple said: "The new IBM MobileFirst for iOS solutions will be built in an exclusive collaboration that draws on the distinct strengths of each company: IBM's big data and analytics capabilities, with the power of more than 100,000 IBM industry and domain consultants and software developers behind it, fused with Apple's legendary consumer experience, hardware and software integration and developer platform.
"The combination will create apps that can transform specific aspects of how businesses and employees work using iPhone and iPad, allowing companies to achieve new levels of efficiency, effectiveness and customer satisfaction - faster and easier than ever before."
CEO Tim Cook said: "iPhone and iPad are the best mobile devices in the world and have transformed the way people work with over 98% of the Fortune 500 and over 92% of the Global 500 using iOS devices in their business today.
"For the first time ever we're putting IBM's renowned big data analytics at iOS users' fingertips, which opens up a large market opportunity for Apple. This is a radical step for enterprise and something that only Apple and IBM can deliver."
Apple's infamous '1984' TV ad compared IBM's computers to Orwell's Big Brother regime, and were once rivals in the early PC days. However, Cook was employed by IBM for over ten years before joining Apple, and the move puts IBM back in the business of selling consumer devices, something that it's not done since the Lenovo sale in 2005.
Avocent is a leading global provider of IT operations management solutions for enterprise data centres, small/medium businesses and branch offices...
Geodis Wilson is a leading global freight management company, providing IT solutions based on transparent e-Services and delivering tailor-made,...
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Save Big on Beach Vacations
Stroll on the sand or ride the waves with dreamy discounts
By Locke Hughes
Bag It
1. (Starting August 23, 2013) Five readers will win a Vera Bradley Grand Tote and Beach Towel in marina paisley. Value, $100 per set.
2. TIP: Lug less Use a compact, clip-on umbrella. Or opt for a chair that has a built-in canopy—the two-in-one aspect makes it a great value.


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We really enjoyed our afternoon visit to Mor Art and love the glass art we created - so different 1 from the next. My sister doubted her creativity and was afraid of the glass at 1st - ended up loving the experience and what she created.
I had a great time at Mor Art! As an Art Teacher, I can say that this activity would be appropriate for kids 8+. Any younger and they would need A LOT of help from parents. Allow 2 hours. And...when in doubt about your design, go for something abstract like I did! Turned out great! One last thing, shipping was...
This is a wonderful place to come to do some glass. It is not a glass blowing business but rather a glass diffusion activity. We enjoyed the ability to walk in and make a pair of glass platters. They do take reservations. The owners are very friendly and helpful in guiding you through your project. We must say we laughed...
After spending the greater part of our day searching the beaches for the dropped treasures...we gave up, and stumbled onto Mor Art. Never having done "fused" glass....Maurice made sure we had a wonderful time. He made it very easy to create a "masterpiece". Will definately stop there again.
Came here on girls weekend as something new to try on a rainy day at the beach. And we were not disappointed. We all had so much fun learning to creat mosaic art. Defiantly will be back next time im in town.
A few friends and I had such a great time creating art with Maurice and Dan! Both of these guys were very friendly and helpful! The process was very enjoyable and I would do it again in a heartbeat!
Very relaxing class, it let's your creativity flow. The instructors are very helpful and open their shop completely to everyone. I love how u feel like family.
Maurice and Dan have a great glass art studio. Lots of great art for purchase, and a wonderful studio with classes for amateurs. We've been there on a number of occasions with our grandchildren making glass coasters and plates. Maurice and Dan are artists with a knack for being excellent teachers. Projects are a lot of fun. They provide the...
We have been to Mor Art on many occasions. It is a terrific experience for the entire family. I recommend it everyone I know. The owners are some of the nicest people and very helpful. We purchase gift certificates for our kids and grandkids every year and they love it. When in Lincoln City it is a must !!
I did an glass fusion piece at Mor Art. There are different options to what you can make: coasters, different sized square or rectangular pieces, bowls, etc. the instructor was helpful and enthusiastic. I did this by myself but it would be a great rainy day activity for a group or a family. The next day you get to go...
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My wireless is not working. I just installed Ubuntu and am having troubles. I have a Dell Inspiron 2200. My network controller is Broadcom Corporation BCM4311 [Airforce 54g] 802.11a Please ...
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- 10-02-2008 #1
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Ubuntu Wireless Problem on Dell
Please help if you can. I would really like to start using Linux as soon as possible.
- 10-03-2008 #2
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You will need to install firmware first before it will work. You will need a wired internet connection to do this.
Here are the instructions for doing this in Ubuntu:
b43 - Linux Wireless
Luckily, Ubuntu has an installation script to make this process easier.Please do not send Private Messages to me with requests for help. I will not reply.


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Dai-minsar River is a river in western India in Gujarat whose origin is Near Minsar. Its basin has a maximum length of 100 km. The total catchment area of the basin is 1180 km2.
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Ben Goad
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Who's coming and who's going. Tell us about your job move! Receive the Revolving Door Newsletter with expert analysis by email twice a week.No Revolving Door results were found.
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The Hill Names a New Features Editor - Posted January 18, 2013
If National Journal's Ron Fournier had the most effusive internal memos around Washington about this staff, The Hill's British-born Hugo Gurdon... [FishbowlDC]


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Sights & Attractions
Nong Bua Lam PhuOperating day:
DailyOperating time: 08.00 - 18.00
Contact Details
- -
Amphoe Mueang, Nong Bua Lam Phu
Tel. -
Category : Temple
Attraction Details :
Located at the foot of Phu Phan mountain, Wat Tham Klong Phen is the province's most famous forest temple. Though accurate historical accounts do not exist, it is likely that the temple was built during the Khmer period and was neglected or abandoned until 1958. Respected monk Luang Pu Khao Ananyo, who was a follower of Vipassana meditation, and who studied under Achan Man Phurithatta Thera, practiced meditation here. He built a cement roof over three or four of the huge rocks, creating a huge hall capable of accommodating hundreds.
Blanketed with lush vegetable and decorated with a rock garden, the area around the temple is very shady and peaceful. The main hall or Ubosot houses the statue of Luang Pu Khao and a two-sided ancient drum or Klong Phen. A two-kilometer-long road running through a forest and strangely-shaped rocks leads to the monument of Luang Pu Khao, which has nearby museums, a pagoda and a pavilion dedicated to the monk as well as his old monastery.
To get there, from Nong Bua Lam Phu town, take Highway No. 210 (Nong Bua Lam Phu - Udon Thani) for 13 kilometers, then turn right and continue for another 2 kilometers.
The closest destination to this result :
See & Do in Nong Bua Lam Phu :


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Lynyrd Skynyrd
A Step-By-Step Breakdown of the Band's Guitar Styles and Techniques
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Lynyrd Skynyrd (A Step-By-Step Breakdown of the Band's Guitar Styles and Techniques). By Lynyrd Skynyrd. For Guitar. Signature Licks Guitar. Softcover with CD. Guitar tablature. 96 pages. Published by Hal Leonard (HL.695872).
ISBN 0634090224. With guitar tablature. 9x12 inches.
Explore the Southern rock mastery of Skynyrd's multiple guitar assault featuring Gary Rossington, Allen Collins, Ed King and Steve Gaines. Dave Rubin breaks down the licks from 15 tunes: Don't Ask Me No Questions • Free Bird • Gimme Three Steps • Saturday Night Special • Sweet Home Alabama • What's Your Name • more.
- Simple Man
- Don't Ask Me No Questions
- Down South Jukin'
- Free Bird
- Gimme Back My Bullets
- Gimme Three Steps
- I Ain't The One
- The Needle And The Spoon
- On The Hunt
- Saturday Night Special
- Sweet Home Alabama
- What's Your Name
- Whiskey Rock-A-Roller
- You Got That Right
- I Know A Little
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Lynyrd Skynyrd
A Step-By-Step Breakdown of the Band's Guitar Styles and Techniques
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A Step-By-Step Breakdown of the Band's Guitar Styles and Techniques
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text: Review: Jon Voight and Liev Schreiber Do Battle On Showtime's Ray Donovan Jenna Dorsi June 27, 2013 Drama, Entourage, HBO, Pop Confidential, Ray Donovan, Showtime, The Sopranos, TV, TV Recap 2 Comments Ray Donovan (Liev Schreiber) is a fixer. He's the guy a celeb calls when they are getting stalked, wake up with a dead one-night-stand in their bed, or have a transgendered hooker attempting to blackmail them. The most powerful athletes, actors, musicians, and lawyers of Los Angeles depend on Ray. While Ray's got his work life handled, his personal life is another story. He is the patriarch of a family of Boston transplants living in Hollywood. Ray's disgruntled wife, Abby (Paula Malcomson), wants to move to a nicer neighborhood, so their two teenagers' can attend better schools.


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School's out, pool's open, and after a long awards season of Very Consequential Films followed by the usual cinematic dead zone known as January, February, and March, the movies are fun again.
Though the summer blockbuster season unofficially started earlier this month with big box-office earners like The Great Gatsby, Star Trek Into Darkness, and Iron Man 3, Memorial Day is when the real festivities begin—and the rest of the season offers some big explosions (Fast & Furious 6, After Earth, and White House Down all arrive in theaters before July), some quieter festival fare (like Fruitvale Station and The Spectacular Now), and a few aftershocks from 2011's female-driven comedy Bridesmaids (like The Heat and Girl Most Likely). And, of course, Superman makes a return to cinemas in Man of Steel, Zack Snyder's ambitious account of the Man of Tomorrow's origins.
So to help you navigate the coming three-month bombardment of sensorial excess (bang-ups and man-boys and space invaders, oh my), here's a week-by-week guide to this summer's promising films. Below are picks for what to see every weekend between Memorial Day and the beginning of September—with a few intriguing alternative options included for when the inevitable June-to-July blockbuster fatigue sets in.
May 24
Fast & Furious 6
After a Russian military convoy is attacked, Diplomatic Security Service agent Luke Hobbs (Dwayne Johnson) calls on retired criminal Dominic Toretto (Vin Diesel) and enlists his help in bringing the criminals to justice. In exchange, his past crimes will be pardoned—and he'll have help from Hobbs in tracking down his former girlfriend Letty (Michelle Rodriguez), who was presumed dead. [Trailer]
Why you should care
The stylish 12-year-old franchise is about to get a new jolt with the addition of mixed martial artist-turned-actress Gina Carano as Hobbs's partner—whose explosive fight scene with Letty is what her co-star Diesel envisions as a sequel of sorts to his own grand clash with Johnson in Fast 5. And though a sixth installment of the car-smashing series that never really established a name-format rule may seem like a shameless cash grab, critics have praised its "genuinely warm sense of playfulness" and its entertaining "total dedication to badassness."
Or try... Before Midnight
The festival-acclaimed third installment of Richard Linklater's unhurried series—about a couple that first meets on a train and spends one evening together in Vienna in 1995's Before Sunrise then later reunites for one afternoon in Paris in 2004's Before Sunset—finds the pair (Ethan Hawke and Julie Delpy) living together in Paris, 18 years after their first encounter, raising twin daughters and figuring out how to reconcile their past, separate lives with their life together. The Atlantic's Chris Orr writes that the film is "well worth seeing for anyone invested in this particular cinematic relationship."
May 31
Now You See Me
"Ladies and gentlemen, for our final trick, we are going to rob a bank," announce the quartet of magicians known as the Four Horsemen in Now You See Me. Directed by French filmmaker Louis Leterrier (of 2008's Edward Norton-starring version of The Incredible Hulk), the fast-paced caper follows a team of super-savvy young illusionists whose act involves robbing banks all over the world and giving the money away to audience members, and international law enforcement's uphill struggle to stop them. [Trailer]
Why you should care
Consider Now You See Me a showcase for both the old and the new generations of Hollywood talent, as its glitzy lineup boasts both heavy-hitting veterans (like Michael Caine, Morgan Freeman, Woody Harrelson) and some younger actors who have stacked up their résumés impressively in the last half-decade or so (like Jesse Eisenberg, Isla Fisher, Dave Franco, and the mesmerizing Mélanie Laurent).
Or try... After Earth
Will Smith and Jaden Smith play—surprise—a father and son in this galaxy-trotting sci-fi entry from the onetime Sixth Sense wunderkind M. Night Shyamalan. When their spaceship crash-lands on a mission to a long-abandoned Earth, General Cypher Raige and his son Kitai have to fend for themselves against newly evolved species and a deadly alien monster that escaped the crash—not to mention find their way back home to Mom.
June 7
The Internship
After their analog watch company goes out of business, thirtysomething technophobes Nick and Billy (Owen Wilson and Vince Vaughn) must start searching for employment again in a highly competitive digital-age job market they don't recognize anymore. They land unpaid internships at Google, where they compete with the brightest college-age computer whizzes in America for a shot at getting hired. Rose Byrne co-stars as a Google employee, with other supporting cast including John Goodman, Josh Gad, B.J. Novak, and The Daily Show's Aasif Mandvi. [Trailer]
Why you should care
When you add the proven chemistry of Wilson and Vaughn (Wedding Crashers!) to a hyper-topical, almost-too-close-to-home premise (widespread unemployment! Ivy League grads working no-wage temporary stints with no guarantee of future hire!), the result could be comedy catharsis.
Or try... Much Ado About Nothing
After last year's successes The Avengers and Cabin in the Woods, director Joss Whedon looks to keep his streak going—but does an artistic 180 with this text-faithful modern update to Shakespeare's rom-commy 16th-century play. Veteran Whedon collaborators like Nathan Fillion, Alexis Denisof, and Amy Acker star.
June 14
Man of Steel
Starring The Tudors' Henry Cavill as the titular red-and-blue-clad hero, Zack Snyder's Man of Steel presents the DC Comics creation myth of how Kal-El of the planet Krypton fell to Earth and became Clark Kent, and how Clark Kent then became Superman. Amy Adams co-stars as Lois Lane, while Diane Lane and Kevin Costner play Clark's adoptive parents and Russell Crowe appears as Jor-El, Kal-El's faraway biological father. [Trailer]
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grasslandSyllabification: grass·land
Pronunciation: /ˈɡrasˌland /
Definition of grassland in English:
noun(also grasslands)
A large open area of country covered with grass, especially one used for grazing: rough grassland
More example sentences
- This is an area of open grasslands grazed year round by large concentrations of several ungulate species.
- Nearby grasslands provide an open area where the young can forage for insects.
- As much or more management is required for grasslands than for cropland, he said.
Definition of grassland in:
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Word of the day snarf
Pronunciation: snärf
eat or drink quickly or greedily


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Welcome to TalkBass, the Premier Bass Player Community and Information Source. We've been uniting the Low End Since 1998!
We're glad you've found us. Register a 100% Free Account to post and unlock tons of features.
Dose your GK amp make a little pop noise when you power up and power down?
Discussion in 'Amps [BG]' started by 4stringsrenough, Dec 11, 2012.


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- Running
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The Nashville Galloway Marathon Training Program is approximately 30 weeks long with group runs on Saturdays. Members receive a copy of Jeff Galloway's book Galloway Training Programs, a technical shirt, a one year subscription to Runner's World Magazine for marathon training program members, a training program designed by US Olympian Jeff Galloway, and all the fun you can ever have while training for a marathon!
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The loss of empathy and compassion has serious consequences not only for workaholics, but for those who live and work with them. A previous blog (1) explained the dynamics that occur when obsessive Thinking dominates the psyche of workaholics, and their concentrated energy is narrowly invested in a single-minded fixation on work-related issues. The subsequent repression of the Feeling, Intuition and Sensation functions has serious consequences. No longer does the collective wisdom and invaluable input that these functions provide adequately inform the workaholic's judgment. The ability to make sound and wise decisions that fully consider the impact of their actions on others is seriously damaged.
Empathy is a "joining with" experience, an emotional yet objective attempt to understand what another person might be experiencing. Psychologist Carl Rogers defined empathy as "the ability to accompany another to wherever the other person's feelings lead him, no matter how strong, deep, destructive, or abnormal they may seem." (2) It is important however to acknowledge that the objectivity necessary for true empathy is only possible if the observer respects ego boundaries, and possesses the insight and respect necessary to be able to differentiate and honor the separateness and uniqueness of each person's experience. One must therefore refrain from projecting, second-guessing or making assumption about the other person's reasoning, behavior or motivation. Workaholics rarely take the important second step of asking that person questions to learn more about his or her actual experience and reactions to the troublesome situation.


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Home → Motivation → Making the Most of It
Everyday when we wake up in the morning means, we have an opportunity to experience something great. Sometimes we don't get what we want, so its up to US to find the happiness and understanding of what the day has to offer.
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Photo by: Rick Rea
|River Cities Speedway
Grand Forks ND: #50 Ryan Flaten is the only driver in 2012 that raced 2 classes all season. Pictured is Ryan Flatens' Strata Corporation Outlaw Sprint Car and his Street Stock in The Legendary Bullring pits at River Cities Speedway. Texting away is track side announcer John Roberts waiting for word on when he go live to interview Ryan for the fans! (2012)
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Scandalous Grey's Anatomy Hookup Confirmed: Mark and ...by Steve Marsi at . Comments
We've been debating who is involved in the big Grey's Anatomy breakup and hookup for weeks - and we now have the answer to one of the two without an episode even airing.
Sometimes, we think it'd be more fun if they were less liberal with the spoilers. Don't you want to watch things unfold? Why the obsession with leaking every detail, Shonda?
Still, we post them because as the #1 Grey's Anatomy fan community, we want to hear your thoughts on all developments, past, present and future. So here we go ...
Mark's McSteamy ways are about to return ... but with whom, at what consequence?
- The breakup is, sadly, the one you're all assuming ... and we'll leave it at that.
- The hookup is Mark and Reed, and Lexie is not going to hide her disapproval.
This includes taking little jabs at Reed in front of patients. Clearly, Lexie is not over Mark ... but rather than a deal breaker, this could be the catalyst for them reuniting.
That makes sense, and many fans of Mark and Lexie will surely be happy if it comes true. As for the couple splitting up, there are still two prime candidates out there.
How do you feel about this? And do you think the breakup is Callie and Arizona or Cristina and Owen? Share your Grey's Anatomy thoughts below!
Steve Marsi is the Managing Editor of TV Fanatic. Follow him on Google+ or email him here.Tags: Grey's Anatomy, Spoilers
Mark and Reed?!!? wtff?
This hookup BETTER bring Mark and Lexie together!! They are the best...they need to be together!
Reed & Alex definitely DID NOT sleep together!!!!
The inference was there that Reed and Alex did sleep together
I'm sorry you call yourselves fans and clearly don't listen to the show at all. Alex didn't sleep with Reed. He was moving on and when he realised that she just wanted to sleep with him to get in on surgeries, he ended up telling her, if she wants sex, ask for it, and if she wants surgery, kiss an attendings' ass. ;)
Mark and Reed! You gotta be kidding me! How low can Shonda Rhimes go? To me, this could probably be a way to get Lexie and Mark back.
Even if I'am an Owenstina fan, a very BIG fan, I think Owen and Cristina would be the one whose going to break up. I have to be realistic about what's happening. I mean come on...The Owen we knew in Season 5 is very different from the one in season 6. The Owen that loved Cristina so much in Season 5 now is doubting himself over Teddy (Damn her! I curse her every episode I see her!)...Cristina...well...she's being Cristina. When she was with Burke (Yes, I was a Burktina then) at least he never doubted his love for Cristina (until the end). Either way...if Cristina and Owen will break up (Crossed Fingers) I wish they will get back together soon. (And not make Owen and Teddy sleep together).
And one more wish...Fire TEDDY!!!
Callie and Arizona might be also in the break up because of how Arizona reacted... Either way...I'm looking forward to watch the episode on Thursday!
Mark and Reed! That's got to be a BIG mistake!
Shonda Rhimes is really losing her touch. This is not the Grey's Anatomy I know...it was better when it was season 2 or 3 but now...seems like she's just making the story longer. We all know by the end of Season 7 or Season 8 (maybe) Grey's Anatomy will say goodbye...
In my opinion, Season 6 wasn't that good...with the economy problem...the merger...the strange hook ups...Sigh...I miss the old Grey's... not that was Good...
Anyway... the couple i think will break up and it breaks my heart to say this...my beloved Owenstina. Owen changed this season...I don't see the Owen I saw in Season 5, really in love with Cristina...now...it looks like his tempted to Teddy (DAMN HER!) and his making Cristina look like a fool...Cristina...well...being CRISTINA...she just plain too addicted to surgery.
I'am a Owenstina fan but got to be realistic... its the end for them...Just hope they'll get back together soon...
@Jill I can't take Mark seriously either.
If someone's going to break up i'd rather it be C/O than C/A (sorry C/O fans!). im not sure i can handle any more C/O angsty drama anyway...i actually rooted for them in S5 but lately it seems like they can't get through a single problem without yelling at each other . I can tell they love each other and all, but no matter how hard they try its like they can't seem to get each other. I love Cristina and i think Owen's a decent man, but in retrospect it seems like Burke was a better match for Cristina (okay they weren't a perfect match but still...). As for C/A: the baby thing is a pretty big issue, but i'm really hoping that they'll be able to work through this. they have such a beautiful and loving relationship it'll be a real shame if they split up. I was never a huge fan of Callie but i found myself liking her a lot more this season..she's displayed so much more emotional growth ever since she started dating AZ. Arizona has made her a better person and i think that's a really beautiful thing. Not sure how the relationship has affected AZ coz she seems so together most of the time, but i have a feeling this baby drama will really bring out some of her vulnerabilities so i guess we'll see As for Mark...i liked him with Lexie and i liked him with Addison but im really not liking S6 Mark. It's hard to take him seriously anymore. He talks the talk but his actions tell a different story. He needs to stop sleeping around and just get back with Lexie...simply put, he should really learn to just grow up
Alex and Reed didn't sleep together. Charles stoped them.
End of Episode 6x11 Blink.
Alex and Reed didn't sleep together, did they?! They were joking about it, but as far as I know it didn't really happen...


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Dr. Upendra Mahato is currently the Chairman of the NRN International Coordination Committee. He is also the President of Russia - Nepal Chamber of Commerce and Industry. He is the first Nepali to get Doctor of Science in the technical field. He got his Ph. D and D.SC. from International Academy of Information Technology, Minsk, Belarus. He has more than 15 years of multinational experience in business and has more than 20 years of result oriented social work experiences.
After his Graduation, he has established himself as a very successful businessman operating in the countries belonging to former Soviet Union. He is presently the CEO of International Business in CIS countries and from 1997 till date he is the Honorary Royal Consul General of the Kingdom of Nepal in the Republic of Belarus.
His present business activities in Nepal include medicine, education, mass media and hydropower while Oil products, TV production, road construction equipment production, medicine, banking and real estate abroad.


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WebMD To Expand Its Board Of Directors
WebMD will expand the membership of the Company's Board of Directors from 11 to 12, and Mr. Schechter will be added as an additional Class II director. Class II directors' terms expire at the Company's 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
About WebMD WebMD Health Corp. (NASDAQ: WBMD) is the leading provider of health information services, serving consumers, physicians, healthcare professionals, employers, and health plans through our public and private online portals, mobile platforms and health-focused publications.
The WebMD Health Network includes WebMD Health, Medscape, MedicineNet, emedicineHealth, RxList, theheart.org and Medscape Education.
All statements contained in this press release, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. These statements are based on our current plans and expectations and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual future events or results to be different than those described in or implied by such forward-looking statements, including risks and uncertainties regarding: competition for advertisers and sponsors for our public portals and mobile platforms; changes in financial markets; changes in economic, political or regulatory conditions or other trends affecting the healthcare, Internet and information technology industries. Further information about these matters can be found in our Securities and Exchange Commission filings. Except as required by applicable law or regulation, we do not undertake any obligation to update our forward-looking statements to reflect future events or circumstances.SOURCE WebMD Health Corp.
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LEGALS & PUBLIC NOTICES: Abandoned Vehicle Notice The following vehicle or other property are subject to towing, repair and/or storage liens, are declared to be abandoned pursuant to Section 56-5-5810, 56-6-5635 and 29-15-10 SC Law as Amended, and are in the custody of Big Dog...More info Email a friend
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Archive for the 'automation' Category
Page Objects Begone
Because we can emulate them with page scopes instead.
Page objects are a commonly used design pattern for developing web tests with Selenium web driver. But coding page objects and tests to an API is a very developer centric activity. The role of a tester is to write and execute tests and not to develop and compile code. The same can be said for developers when they put their test hats on.
Gherkin features that describe the expected behavior of a system are good enough to drive tests. There is no need for a fancy GUI interface that requires up front modelling and compiling to generate tests. It is much simpler to just specify the expected behavior and have an interpreter dynamically evaluate it against the system under test.
Introducing gwen-web
gwen-web is a tool that aims to give testers this dynamic capability and do away with page objects and compilation altogether. It is powered by gwen; a functional specifications interpreter that maps gherkin features to executable code. In the case of gwen-web, it maps Gherkin features to precompiled Selenium code to drive a web browser. As a user of this tool, you never have to write any Selenium code or develop any page objects at all.
Page Scopes
Gwen-web introduces the concept of page scopes. A page scope is a stack of name-value pairs bound to a namespace in memory. They can be used to store information about individual pages and how their web elements can be located. In this way gwen does not store or manage any web element references but rather just binds their names to locator expressions (or lookup strings) that you provide. You specify what pages and bindings you require through a prescribed DSL that gwen-web knows how to interpret and understand.
It is best to illustrate with an example. The floodio challenge walks you through a series of web pages and asks you to perform some relatively simple tasks. In the remainder of this post, we will use the gwen REPL (read-eval-print loop) console to perform these tasks for us and complete the challenge.
Build and install gwen-web from source – Note that gwen-web is an open source project (and at this time of writing) is currently still under development and a binary release is not yet available. On the bright side it is fully functional and you can download the source and build and install it on your local machine by following the instructions here. Gwen is written in Scala and you will need to download the sbt build tool to build it (the details are in the instructions). But once built, you only need Java to run it.
Update 18 Nov 2014 – Build and install gwen-web from a binary distribution – Distributable gwen-web binaries (zips) are now available. See install instructions here.
After completing the installation, open a command prompt to your installed gwen-web directory and enter the following command:
REPL Console
The gwen REPL will start and you will see the following console displayed:
The REPL is case sensitive and does not accept fuzzy input. So be sure to enter all steps and commands exactly as shown in this post.
When gwen starts up, it always implicitly creates and activates a default feature scope with no bindings in it. This is a global scope that can be used to set bindings for elements that are common and accessible across multiple pages (the entire feature).
The first thing we will do is create and activate a new page scope explicitly for the floodio start page. No need to write a page object, just type the following into the gwen prompt and hit enter:
When I am on the start page
Gwen will create a new page scope called "start" and activate it in memory before informing you that it has successfully completed the step. If you enter
env at the gwen prompt, you will see the output of the environment context in memory and our newly created page scope called "start" at the bottom.
{ "scopes" : [ { "scope" : "feature", "atts" : [ ] }, { "scope" : "start", "atts" : [ ] } ] }
All we have done here is defined a new page scope called "start" and made it the currently active scope. Now we will store the url of the floodio start page into this scope so that gwen can know where to navigate to. Enter the following to bind the floodio start page URL to the currently active "start" page scope:
Then the url will be "https://challengers.flood.io/start"
When it successfully completes, enter
env at the prompt again to see our bound URL:
{ "scopes" : [ { "scope" : "feature", "atts" : [ ] }, { "scope" : "start", "atts" : [ { "url" : "https://challengers.flood.io/start" } ] } ] }
We have now told gwen what the url of the floodio start page is. We will now instruct gwen to open a browser to that page. Enter the following, and observe!
Given I navigate to the start page
This step will start a new browser window, locate the URL for the start page, and point the browser to that location.
Gwen-web supports the Firefox, Chrome, Safari, and IE browsers. It uses Firefox as the default browser since it does not require you to install a native web driver on your local machine. To use a different browser, follow the instructions in this user guide.
Now we will tell gwen how to locate the Start button that appears on the start page. But to do that, we need to know how the button has been defined on the page. If you right click the Start button in the browser page and click "inspect element", you will see that it is defined as an
input element with a
name attribute set to "commit".
<input class="btn blue" name="commit" value="Start" type="submit">
Now enter the following at the gwen prompt to bind this information to the "start" page scope that is currently active:
And the Start button can be located by name "commit"
env at the command prompt again if you would like to see how this locator information is bound to memory.
Before continuing, be sure to close the "inspect element" pane if you still have it open in your browser. Leaving it open may interfere with gwen and could result in errors.
Now enter the following to verify that gwen can locate the Start button:
And I highlight the Start button
This step locates the Start button and highlights it for a short time. You should see the Start button being highlighted and then unhighlighted.
This confirms that gwen can locate the button and that we have bound the locator correctly. Now enter the following to have gwen click the Start button:
When I click the Start button
Gwen will now click the Start button and the browser will navigate to the next page.
To proceed from here, we again first need to create a new page scope for this page, and then tell gwen how to locate the elements we wish to interact with. Enter the following to create a new page scope for this page:
Then I am on the step 2 page
This will create a new empty page scope in memory called "step 2″ and make it the currently active scope. If you type
env at the command prompt, you will see it printed at the bottom.
{ "scopes" : [ { "scope" : "feature", "atts" : [ ] }, { "scope" : "step 2", "atts" : [ ] } ] }
By default, the
envcommand displays only the currently visible scopes (in this case, the feature and step 2 scope). To display all scopes (including our previously created start scope), you need to specify the
To see all scopes, type
env -all:
{ "scopes" : [ { "scope" : "feature", "atts" : [ ] }, { "scope" : "start", "atts" : [ { "url" : "https://challengers.flood.io/start" }, { "the Start button/locator" : "name" }, { "the Start button/locator/name" : "commit" }, { "the Start button/click" : "true" } ] }, { "scope" : "step 2", "atts" : [ ] } ] }
All page scopes are managed in memory as JSON objects on a stack with the most recently active scope appearing at the bottom. For more details about how this stack works, you can study the documented source on the gwen project site here.
Moving on, we can now proceed to bind the locator information for the 'how old are you' dropdown and the 'Next' button elements that appear on the step 2 page. If you inspect these elements in the page source, you will find that they are defined as follows:
<select class="select optional" id="challenger_age" name="challenger[age]"> <option value="">How old are you?</option> <option value="18">18</option> <option value="19">19</option> ... </select> <input class="btn" name="commit" value="Next" type="submit">
Again, be sure to close the "inspect element" pane (if you opened it) in the browser before continuing.
Enter the following into the
gwen prompt to let gwen know how to locate the 'how old are you' dropdown element (in this instance we locate it by Id).
Given the how old are you dropdown can be located by id "challenger_age"
Now for the next button. We could locate it by name in the same way we did for the Start button on the start page, but to mix things up a bit (and because we can), we will locate it by class instead. Enter the following to let gwen know how to locate the next button:
And the next button can be located by class name "btn"
You can confirm that both of these locators work by entering the following steps in the console (one after the other) to highlight them:
And I highlight the how old are you dropdown
And I highlight the next button
After confirming the above, we can proceed to select an age and click the next button before creating a scope for the next page:
And I select "21" in the how old are you dropdown
And I click the next button
Then I am on the step 3 page
We are now on the step 3 page. Here we need to select and enter the largest order value from the list of radio buttons displayed on the page.
How do we instruct gwen to find the largest order value? Lets see if we can find it with some JQuery scripting first. Open the browser console view and enter the following lines of script to locate the largest order value:
var orderRadios = $('.radio'); var orderValues = $.map(orderRadios, function(x) { return parseInt($(x).text()); }); var maxValue = Math.max.apply(Math, orderValues); var maxRadio = $('.radio:contains("' + maxValue + '")'); $(maxRadio).text(); // should return largest order value
The above can be reduced to a one-liner to get the
maxRadio element as follows:
$('.radio:contains(' + Math.max.apply(Math, $.map($('.radio'), function(x) { return parseInt($(x).text()); })) + ')');
Given the largest order value can be located by javascript "$('.radio:contains(' + Math.max.apply(Math, $.map($('.radio'), function(x) { return parseInt($(x).text()); })) + ')').get(0);"
Now enter the following to highlight the largest order value and confirm that the locator works:
And I highlight the largest order value
We had to use some JQuery scripting here to locate the largest order value. Scripting is necessary in this case because we need to enter values and select buttons based on the results of functions applied to the elements and values on this page. This is a good example of an interaction that cannot be readily automated without some level of scripting. For this reason, gwen-web supports locating elements by javascript.
The other things we need to locate on this page are the input field into which we will need to enter the largest order value into and the next button. We define the location of these by entering the following:
And the largest order value field can be located by id "challenger_largest_order"
And the next button can be located by class name "btn"
We are now ready to let gwen find the largest order value, type it into the input field, click the radio button for that value, and then click next. We do that by entering the following steps:
Given I capture the largest order value
And I type the largest order value in the largest order value field
When I click the largest order value
And I click the next button
Then I am on the step 4 page
The step 4 page merely asks us to click the next button when we are ready. We do this straight away by entering the following:
Given the next button can be located by class name "btn"
When I click the next button
Then I am on the step 5 page
This will bring us to the step 5 page (the last page in the floodio challenge).
This page requires that we copy a provided token value into a field and then click next. Inspecting the page source reveals that the token is displayed in a span element defined with a
class="token" attribute. The input field has an id of "challenger_one_time_token", and the next button is defined in the same way it was in the previous pages. We now define locators for these by entering:
Given the one time token can be located by css selector ".token"
And the one time token field can be located by id "challenger_one_time_token"
And the next button can be located by class name "btn"
If you take a closer look at the source you will see that the token value is actually loaded by an ajax request when the page is loaded. Waiting for this value to load is not a problem when running gwen in REPL mode as the ajax request will have most likely completed in the time that the REPL is idly waiting for us to enter the next step at the prompt. But if we were running all the steps we've entered so far very quickly (as if in automated batch mode), then we would need to wait for the ajax request to complete and the token value to be populated first before attempting to access the value. Enter the following to have gwen wait for the token value to be populated (note: if the token is already populated, then gwen will immediately return without waiting).
And I wait for the one time token text
Now that we know the token is loaded, we can proceed to copy it into the input field and click the next button to complete the challenge. Enter the following steps to do that:
Given I capture the one time token
And I type the one time token in the one time token field
When I click the next button
Then I am on the done page
This will take us to the done page, telling us that we're done.
To finish, type
exit at the gwen prompt. The browser and the REPL will shut down.
Separation of Concerns
Two major benefits that page objects provide include the separation of test logic from configuration and the elimination of unwanted redundancies. Gwen can provide these same benefits through meta features.
Configuration by Meta
A meta feature is simply a configuration specification expressed as a gherkin feature (a feature describing a feature if you like). Recall that some of the steps we typed into the REPL above just configure (or tell gwen) what the url to a page is or how an element on a page can be located. This configuration information can all be captured in a meta feature file and loaded into gwen on startup. We can also eliminate duplicated steps and other redundancies too. For example, you will have noticed that the step that configures the next button locator was repeated above for every page that contains a next button. Since this button is common across multiple pages, it makes sense to define it once and reuse it. This can be done by binding it to the global feature scope that is implicitly created and activated by gwen when it starts up.
So we can now capture all the configuration steps into a single meta feature file. Note that this meta is representative of everything that would otherwise need to be programmed into a page object. But with gwen meta features, that programming is never necessary.
Now create a new file called floodio.meta in your gwen-web install directory and edit it to contain the following meta specification:
Feature: Flood IO Meta
Scenario: Configure common locators
Given the next button can be located by class name "btn"
Scenario: Configure start page
When I am on the start page
Then the url will be "https://challengers.flood.io/start"
And the Start button can be located by name "commit"
Scenario: Configure step 2 page
When I am on the step 2 page
Then the how old are you dropdown can be located by id "challenger_age"
Scenario: Configure step 3 page
When I am on the step 3 page
Then the largest order value can be located by javascript "$('.radio:contains(' + Math.max.apply(Math, $.map($('.radio'), function(x) { return parseInt($(x).text()); })) + ')').get(0);"
And the largest order value field can be located by id "challenger_largest_order"
Scenario: Configure step 4 page
# noop - this page only has a next button (we have already defined a common locator for it above)
Scenario: Configure step 5 page
When I am on the step 5 page
Then the one time token can be located by css selector ".token"
And the one time token field can be located by id "challenger_one_time_token"
Loading Meta
The above meta can now be loaded into gwen on startup through the
-m command line option as follows:
bin/gwen -m floodio.metap
You will notice this time that the REPL console will load the meta when it starts up.
You can type
env -all at the gwen prompt to view all the meta bindings in memory:
{ "scopes" : [ { "scope" : "feature", "atts" : [ { "the next button/locator" : "class name" }, { "the next button/locator/class name" : "btn" } ] }, { "scope" : "start", "atts" : [ { "url" : "https://challengers.flood.io/start" }, { "the Start button/locator" : "name" }, { "the Start button/locator/name" : "commit" } ] }, { "scope" : "step 2", "atts" : [ { "the how old are you dropdown/locator" : "id" }, { "the how old are you dropdown/locator/id" : "challenger_age" } ] }, { "scope" : "step 3", "atts" : [ { "the largest order value/locator" : "javascript" }, { "the largest order value/locator/javascript" : "$('.radio:contains(' + Math.max.apply(Math, $.map($('.radio'), function(x) { return parseInt($(x).text()); })) + ')').get(0);" }, { "the largest order value field/locator" : "id" }, { "the largest order value field/locator/id" : "challenger_largest_order" } ] }, { "scope" : "step 5", "atts" : [ { "the one time token/locator" : "css selector" }, { "the one time token/locator/css selector" : ".token" }, { "the one time token field/locator" : "id" }, { "the one time token field/locator/id" : "challenger_one_time_token" } ] } ] }
Now we can open a new browser session to the floodio start page and click the start button by entering only the following steps into the REPL:
Given I navigate to the start page
When I click the Start button
Then I am on the step 2 page
And similarly for the remaining pages..
Step 2 page:
Given I select "21" in the how old are you dropdown
When I click the next button
Then I am on the step 3 page
Step 3 page:
Given I capture the largest order value
And I type the largest order value in the largest order value field
And I click the largest order value
When I click the next button
Then I am on the step 4 page
Step 4 page:
When I click the next button
Then I am on the step 5 page
Step 5 page:
Given I wait for the one time token text
And I capture the one time token
And I type the one time token in the one time token field
When I click the next button
Then I am on the done page
When ready, type
exit to close the browser and quit the REPL.
In this post, we used the gwen REPL to directly interact with a web application from scratch. We then factored out the configuration steps into a meta feature and loaded that into the REPL and interacted with the same web application again without reentering any of the configuration steps. We did it all with no page objects too! :)
In the next post we will write a feature file to automate the same floodio challenge in batch mode and generate evaluation reports. We will also compose custom step definitions and perform some assertions on each page. Lastly we will solve some common ajax and page loading problems that arise when automating web tests.
One Gwen Interpreter, Many Evaluation Engines
There is so much more that can be automated with Gherkin.
In the previous post, I announced the open sourcing of the gwen project. In this post I will introduce the interpreter and evaluation engine concepts and describe the difference and relationship between them.
The Gwen interpreter translates Gherkin features into executable code. The code that each step is translated to is not defined in the interpreter itself, but rather in separate modules called evaluation engines. When a feature is executed, the interpreter delegates the processing of each step to a mixed in engine that you define or provide. This is necessary since evaluation varies across systems and it would be futile to try and code for every conceivable behavior in one implementation. For this reason Gwen abstracts the evaluation engine to support many implementations. In this way, you decide which engine to use based on the type of system you want to evaluate. For example, if you want to evaluate the behavior of a web application, then you would use a web engine. Each engine must prescribe a DSL and use at least one API to interact with its target system.
Engines can be defined to replicate any software process that is reproducible through one or more API's.
There are many useful engines that can be built. A web engine for automating web application testing is an obvious one that comes to mind (and one that we have already built). But gwen engines need not be confined to just testing. Engines can be defined to automate, emulate, or simulate any process that is repeatable through software. Engines can also be built to generate data and other resources too.
In summary,
- The interpreter reads in Gherkin features and dispatches the processing of all steps to an engine.
- Engines process all steps and create conditions, perform actions, and assert expectations on target systems.
I hope that many engines emerge from the community and that many of them are shared for everyone to download and use. But everyone is also permitted to build their own proprietary or commercial engines too.
Gwen – A Gherkin DSL Interpreter
One platform for many types of automation.
Gherkin is a language for describing software behavior. Any software behavior. It makes sense then to use it for evaluating software behavior too. But how can one evaluate any software behavior against any software system with the one language?
A Gherkin interpreter with an abstracted evaluation engine could be one way to do it.
This interpreter would accept Gherkin features and dispatch the processing of each step to an evaluation engine for processing. You could implement your own specialised engines with specifically prescribed DSLs to evaluate specific types of systems. The interpreter would translate plain text specifications into executing instructions and report the evaluated results. It would support sequential or parallel execution. It would also have a REPL. It would provide all the necessary processing and tooling required to interpret gherkin features and make them executable. A public library of engines would emerge and be shared for download. The one interpreter would work with all of them.
It's a simple idea that a colleague and I have been working on. We haven't built an extensive library of engines, but we have built one platform that many engines can be built on and one interpreter that any engine can be mixed into. We wrote it in Scala and open sourced it as a project called gwen.
Check it out and have a play. We would like to get some feedback and help from the community before publishing a 1.0 release.
How I defeated the maven-release-plugin in a flat structured multi module project
Rules are made to be broken so that paradoxes can be created.
Maven is a handy tool and has a lot of available plugins. It adopts the convention over configuration philosophy and provides a standard build lifecycle out of the box. This makes it very easy to automate a build and release process without writing a single line of script. But there's a catch! It only works if you do things the "maven way" and follow the maven rules.
Most projects are made up of one or more multiple smaller projects. In the maven world, such projects are called multi module projects. A multi module project has a parent project and one or more nested child projects known as modules. When you build the parent project the child projects are also built. The recommended maven way of structuring a multi module project is to mirror the parent child hierarchy using a nested project structure.
So maven recommends that you create a parent project that contains the child projects using a physical project structure like this:
workspace/parent/pom.xml workspace/parent/child1/pom.xml workspace/parent/child2/pom.xml
Modules are then declared in the parent POM like this:
<modules> <module>child1</module> <module>child2</module> </modules>
This was good for maven but it was is not good for eclipse. The eclipse IDE does not support nested projects. This was clearly a problem! I wanted to import all my projects (parent and children) into eclipse but the nested structure made this impossible. So I decided to use a flat project structure instead and moved all my child projects out of the parent project.
Now my parent and child projects were organised in a flat physical structure like this:
workspace/parent/pom.xml workspace/child1/pom.xml workspace/child2/pom.xml
And I then redefined the maven modules in the parent POM like this:
<modules> <module>../child1</module> <module>../child2</module> </modules>
Now I could import all my projects into eclipse. This worked well and life was good until I decided to use the maven release plugin to automate the release process. I learned the hard way that the release plugin only supports the nested project structure recommended by maven. Reverting back to the nested structure was not an option. I had broken a maven rule and was being punished for it! I needed a paradoxical solution that would support both the nested and flat structures at the same time. It was then that I realised that my parent POM was responsible for two things: POM inheritance and module composition. It served two "parental" roles. In one role it provided all the common properties, dependencies, plugins, and profiles to all children through inheritance and in the other it defined itself as the parent project of all child projects. In OO terms, this was akin to defining a superclass that contains a list of all its subclasess.
My parent POM had violated the single responsibility principle. So I decided to split it up into two separate parent POMs. I removed the modules declaration from the original POM in my parent project. This POM was now purely to be used for inheritance purposes only. All child POMs continued to reference this POM as the parent POM. Nothing changed there. I then created a new POM that inherited this modified POM and aggregated all the other child POMs. I placed this new top level POM file in the workspace root alongside all my existing projects. My flat project structure now had a top level POM file that defined all the child projects as modules.
The final project structure looked like this:
workspace/pom.xml workspace/parent/pom.xml workspace/child1/pom.xml workspace/child2/pom.xml
workspace/parent/pom.xml was inherited by all child POMs and also the top level
workspace/pom.xml. It was the parent POM for inheritance purposes. The top level
workspace/pom.xml aggregated all the child projects into one container project. It was the (root) parent POM for composition purposes. It defined the parent and child modules like this:
<parent> <groupId>?</groupId> <artifactId>?</artifactId> <version>?</version> <relativePath>parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <modules> <module>parent</module> <module>child1</module> <module>child2</module> </modules>
Both the maven release plugin and the eclipse IDE were happy with this structure. It was flat enough for eclipse and hierarchical enough for the maven release plugin.
Note: After experiencing and resolving this problem first hand I later discovered that the issue has already been reported and discussed here and mentioned at the very bottom of the maven eclipse plugin page. But I still cannot find any mention of this limitation on the maven release plugin page itself. I suspect that this is a well known issue in the maven community. If anyone is aware of any fixes or better solutions, please let me know. Interestingly also the title of this issue suggests that the problem has been fixed but the actual contents therein state otherwise.
Sample POM snippets – Posted on 22 Aug 2011 by request
workspace/pom.xml (The top level root POM)
<parent> <groupId>maven.demo</groupId> <artifactId>parent</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath>parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <groupId>maven.demo</groupId> <artifactId>root</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <modules> <module>parent</module> <module>child1</module> <module>child2</module> </modules>
workspace/parent/pom.xml (The parent POM)
<groupId>maven.demo</groupId> <artifactId>parent</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging>
workspace/child1/pom.xml (The child1 POM)
<parent> <groupId>maven.demo</groupId> <artifactId>parent</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath>../parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <groupId>maven.demo</groupId> <artifactId>child1</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging>
workspace/child2/pom.xml (The child2 POM)
<parent> <groupId>maven.demo</groupId> <artifactId>parent</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath>../parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <groupId>maven.demo</groupId> <artifactId>child2</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging>


text:
Micron Technology, Inc., Reports Results For The Fourth Quarter Of Fiscal 2013
(2) Other operating expense in fiscal 2012 includes $17 million from the termination of a lease with IM Flash Technologies, LLC ("IMFT"), a joint venture of the company, and a charge of $10 million to write off a receivable in connection with resolution of certain prior year tax matters.
(3) On July 31, 2013, the company completed its acquisition of Elpida Memory, Inc. ("Elpida"), a Japanese corporation. Elpida's assets include, among others: a 300mm DRAM wafer fabrication facility located in Hiroshima, Japan; its 65% ownership interest in Rexchip Electronics Corporation ("Rexchip"), a Taiwanese corporation and manufacturing joint venture, whose assets include a 300mm DRAM wafer fabrication facility located in Taiwan; and an assembly and test facility located in Akita, Japan. Elpida's semiconductor memory products include Mobile DRAM targeted toward mobile phones and tablets. In a related transaction, on July 31, 2013, the company completed its acquisition from Powerchip Technology Corporation and certain of its affiliates (collectively, the "Powerchip Group") of an additional 24% interest in Rexchip. The total purchase price was $949 million and the provisional fair value of the net assets acquired, net of noncontrolling interests, was $2,433 million. As a result, the company recorded a gain of $1,484 million in connection with the acquisition. The provisional fair values of assets and liabilities acquired include, among other items, cash and restricted cash aggregating $1,618 million (which includes the company's payment to Elpida of $556 million set aside for the first Elpida creditor installment), inventories of $962 million; property, plant and equipment of $935 million; net deferred tax assets of $917 million and debt of ($2,134) million. The provisional fair values are subject to change within the one-year measurement period ending in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014.
(4) Other non-operating income (expense) consisted of the following:
|4th Qtr.
|3rd Qtr.
|4th Qtr.
|Year Ended
|Aug. 29 ,
|May 30 ,
|Aug. 30 ,
|Aug. 29,
|Aug. 30,
|Gain (loss) from changes in currency exchange rates
|$ 2
|$ (45)
|$ 8
|$ (229)
|$ (6)
|Gain on Inotera issuance of shares
|Loss on extinguishment of debt
|Gain (loss) from investments
|$ 45
|$ (45)
|$ 5
|$ (218)
|$ 29
Gain (loss) from changes in currency exchange rates in the third quarter and full fiscal 2013 included currency losses of $47 million and $225 million, respectively, from changes in the market value of currency hedges executed in connection with the company's acquisition of Elpida and Rexchip. Other non-operating income in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2013 includes a gain of $48 million recognized in connection with the May 2013 issuance of common shares by Inotera Memories, Inc. As a result of the issuance, the company's interest in Inotera decreased to 35.5%. Loss from extinguishment of debt in fiscal 2013 included $31 million recognized in the second quarter in connection with the partial repurchase of the company's 2014 Notes. In order to improve comparability with the company's industry peers, gains and losses from currency exchange rates have been reclassified from operating to non-operating. As a result, $59 million of losses for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and $8 million of gains and $6 million of losses for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 and full fiscal year 2012, respectively, were reclassified from the amounts previously reported in other operating (income) expense to other non-operating income (expense).
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text:
Does anyone know how Viglen set the active desktop for their interactive page? I need to change the wallpaper to a jpg while our web guy has a chance to fix the page. It's not set in GP and I cant see it in any scripts. If I apply a wallpaper it is there, but hidden by the active web componant. Viglen wanted £24000 to support the network last time I called!
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text:
- You are here:
- Automobiles >
- Spy Shots >
- Page 2
BMW Spy Shots
BMW stands for Bayerische Motoren Werke. The German luxury automaker is based in Munich, Germany and owns both the Mini and Rolls-Royce brands. The brand is famous for the tagline "Ultimate Driving Machines," which describes its lineup of luxury and sports cars. BMW also produces motorcycles under the BMW Motorrad division.
BMW Vehicles:
- 1 Series
- 2 Series
- 228
- 3 Series
- 3 Series GT
- 323
- 4 Series
- 4 Series Gran Coupe
- 5 Series
- 5 Series GT
- 6 Series
- 6 Series Gran Coupe
- 7 Series
- ActiveHybrid 3
- ActiveHybrid 5
- Alpina B7
- i3
- i8
- M6 Gran Coupe
BMW has shown its commitment to the development of hybrid and electric powertrains in recent years, with vehicles in its ActiveHybrid range, electrics like its BMW ActiveE and range-extended EVs like the i3 and i8. Plug-in hybrid-electric vehicles are clearly top-of-mind for the German automaker. We saw spy shots of the PHEV BMW X5 eDrive prototypes about ...
Based on the effort – and money – BMW is spending to break off the coupes and convertibles in its lineup as even-numbered models (like the new 2 Series and 4 Series), we figured the production version of the 2012 Concept Active Tourer was a lock to wear the 1 Series GT name. These spy shots paint a different picture, however, as they show the ...
Sure, we've seen – and even ridden in – the 2015 BMW M3 before, but always under the cover of camouflage. Proving that it's always nice to be in the right place at the right time, a motorcyclist managed to capture a completely undisguised 2015 M3 (codenamed F80) on video during a closed-road photo shoot. Road & Track has the helmet cam ...
Following the debut of the X5 earlier this year, it shouldn't come as a shock that BMW is testing an updated X6 in its homeland. The Munich-based manufacturer trekked to the Nürburgring to test the lifted, four-door coupe it calls a Sports Activity Vehicle, while also giving us our first peak as to what the future holds for one of the weirder models ...
With the style-driven BMW X4 coming along in development, it looks like some of the forthcoming crossover's design could trickle over to its utilitarian sibling, the X3. Captured in these spy shots, it appears that the 2015 BMW X3 is preparing for a minor facelift, and from what we can tell, the biggest change will center on the CUV's headlights. There ...
The new BMW 4 Series is essentially the coupe version of the latest 3 Series. So it would stand to reason that the four-door version of the 4 Series, in turn, would be the 3 Series – right? Well, yes and no. Just as BMW offers both a 5 Series sedan and a four-door version of the 6 Series called the Gran Coupe, so, too, will its 4-Series family ...
It was just a few weeks ago that we got our first glimpse of the next-generation BMW X1, riding around on a flatbed. Now, we have the first batch of images of the small crossover moving under its own steam. Like the previous round of photos, BMW's psychedelic camouflage is on hand to obscure sheetmetal details, but our intrepid spies still managed to ...
BMW will be launching the 4 Series Convertible at November's Los Angeles Auto Show, which makes mid-October kind of the perfect point for leaked images to start showing up. Here, we have what appears to be the new droptop, alongside its hard-topped brethren, in what looks like an accessories brochure. We've seen spy shots of the new member of the growing ...
It doesn't seem so long ago that BMW (not to mention Audi, Volvo and a handful of other European automakers) weren't in the crossover market. But it's been over a decade since BMW began producing the first-gen X5, and in the fourteen years since, the Bavarian automaker has steadily expanded its portfolio to include the X1, X3 and X6. The next to join the ...
BMW is preparing its new M4 for a debut at the 2014 North American International Auto Show, and the final testing stages have apparently involved many, many laps of the Nürburgring. The only problem is, the two-door track star appears to have a case of the waggly tail, as spotted by a spy videographer. Generally, the serious nature of testing limits ...
The X1 had been around for four years before it was added to BMW's US lineup, so it isn't all that surprising that a new version of the company's smallest Sport Activity Vehicle is already in the works. Captured in transit on the back of a flatbed truck, these spy shots give us our first look at the next-gen X1 – codenamed F48 – which is ...
We're big fans of Alpina here at Autoblog – the BMW tuner has created some seriously delicious products in the past, and recently tuned the diesel-powered 3 Series wagon to create the D3 Bi-Turbo. What we like most about Alpina is how the cars only look subtly more aggressive than stock, yet they pack a real wallop under the hood. Take this B4 ...
Like it or not, the majority of BMW 3 Series variants are on their way out, and the 4 Series models are hotly embroiled in the testing needed to replace them. We've now driven the basic 4 Series, seen spy photographs of the 4 Series Convertible and both versions of the M4 and today we get a better-than-ever look at the 4 Series Gran Coupe. And, mostly ...
From the sound of it, we'll have to wait until the Detroit Auto Show to see the production version of the BMW M4, but spy shots show the new hi-po BMW testing recently in both coupe and convertible form. Showing a lot more skin than recent spy shots, these M4 prototypes look very similar to the M4 Concept we saw at Pebble Beach. Carryovers from the ...
Except for the fancy wheels and the overly expressive fascias, the production version of the BMW X4 looks like it will carry over practically untouched from what we saw in the X4 Concept several months back. With the same fastback roofline as the concept, these spy shots show that the X4 is taking shape to be a baby version of the BMW X6. Sharing the ...
The BMW 4 Series Convertible will show its non-camouflaged face sometime later this year, but our spies recently caught this nearly naked prototype out getting some sun. As you'll recall, the droptop 4 Series replaces the 3 Series Convertible in the BMW range, and if our recent stint behind the wheel of the new 435i Coupe is anything to go on, this ...
As BMW prepares to launch its new 2 Series lineup, it appears that the current 1 Series is going to get a little attention for itself. Based on these spy photos, the 1 Series hatchback (F20/F21), which is not offered in the US, will be getting a minor facelift in the near future. From what we can see in these images, the updated 1 Series will definitely ...
We just posted our first drive of the 2014 BMW 435i yesterday, but for those wanting even more power from this stylish coupe, help is on the way. From the sounds of it, BMW will be showing off a production-ready concept previewing the M4 next month at the Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance, but until then, we have some new spy shots of the performance coupe ...
It almost seems as if BMW just started selling the current-generation 5 Series, yet one of our spy photographers has already spotted a next-generation prototype in Touring form. Little is known about the luxury wagon in this early stage of testing, but it is expected to weigh much less than the current car, which, in 528i Touring guise with an automatic ...
We've seen a few spy shot packages featuring the upcoming BMW 4 Series Convertible already, but never with the car quite so naked as in this latest batch. Nabbed just outside the BMW Nürburgring workshop in Germany, this Melbourne Red 4 Series also shows the M Sport package for the first time. With all of the cladding removed, we can see that the ...