text:
Research Topics
Genomes and Genes
Neuroimaging Studies of Reward Processing in Depression
Principal Investigator: Diego Pizzagalli
Affiliation: Harvard University
Country: USA
Abstract: [unreadable] DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aim of this proposal is to investigate the functional neuroanatomy of depression. A promising strategy for parsing the heterogeneity of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is to identify phenotypes characterized by reliable functional brain abnormalities. Anhedonia, the lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli, is considered a trait marker for depression. Preclinical work suggests links among phenomena associated with depression - decreased hedonic responsiveness, exaggerated stress responsiveness, and dysfunction in the dopaminergic mesolimbic system - but in humans the neural underpinnings are largely unknown. Using behavioral, event-related potential (ERP), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques, this proposal aims to investigate these processes. A monetarily reinforced button-press task will be used to dissociate the neural circuitry involved in anticipation of and reactivity to reward or punishment. Experiment 1 addresses the spatio-temporal dynamics of brain mechanisms underlying anticipation of and reactivity to reward and punishment in subjects differing on objective measures of anhedonia, operationalized as decreased responsiveness to reward-related cues in a separate signal-detection task. Compared to controls, subjects with impaired reward responsiveness (n=20) are predicted to show lower activation in regions subserving reward processing (e.g., nucleus accumbens, medial prefrontal cortex) to reward-related, but not to punishment-related, cues. In the ERP data, decreased late frontal negativity wave to reward cues, and decreased medial-frontal negativity and P3 to reward feedbacks, are hypothesized. Experiment 2 extends this paradigm to subjects with a DSM-IV diagnosis of MDD. These subjects (n=23) are expected to show lower activation in regions subserving reward processing than controls (n=23) in response to reward-related cues, and higher activation in regions subserving processing of withdrawal-related cues. In the ERP data, medial-frontal negativity and P3 are predicted to differentiate the subject groups. Experiment 3 addresses the effects of mental stress on reward processing in MDD. Compared to controls (n=21), depressed subjects (n=21) are expected to show a larger stress-induced reduction of activation in regions subserving reward processing, and a larger activation in regions subserving punishment processing. Decreased gray matter density in medial and subgenual prefrontal regions, as assessed by voxel-based MRI morphometrical analyses, is expected to be associated with the detrimental effect of stress on reward responsiveness. Overall, the integration of techniques with high temporal (ERP) and spatial (fMRI) resolution will enhance understanding of the functional neuroanatomy of depression. [unreadable] [unreadable]
Funding Period: 2004-06-07 - 2009-04-30
more information: NIH RePORT
Top Publications
Scientific Experts
Detail Information
- Adolescent depression: stress and reward dysfunctionRandy P Auerbach
From the Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
Harv Rev Psychiatry 22:139-48. 2014..To highlight the translational potential of these insights, a hypothetical case study is provided as a means of demonstrating the importance of targeting reward dysfunction in both assessment and treatment of adolescent depression...
- Disrupted reinforcement learning and maladaptive behavior in women with a history of childhood sexual abuse: a high-density event-related potential studyPia Pechtel
Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
JAMA Psychiatry 70:499-507. 2013..Despite the epidemiological data available, the mechanisms underlying these maladaptive outcomes remain poorly understood...
- Dopamine-d2-receptor blockade reverses the association between trait approach motivation and frontal asymmetry in an approach-motivation contextJan Wacker
Department of Psychology, Philipps Universitat Marburg, Marburg, Germany
Psychol Sci 24:489-97. 2013....
- Reduced reward learning predicts outcome in major depressive disorderElske Vrieze
Department of Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center, Campus Leuven, Belgium
Biol Psychiatry 73:639-45. 2013..Our goal was to test whether MDD is characterized by reduced reward learning, especially in the presence of anhedonic symptoms, and to investigate the relationship between reward learning and MDD diagnosis after 8 weeks of treatment...
- Behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of training-induced cognitive control improvementsAlexander J Millner
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Neuroimage 63:742-53. 2012..Overall, results suggest that a brief training can improve cognitive control, specifically the ability to inhibit task-irrelevant information...
- Neurogenetics of depression: a focus on reward processing and stress sensitivityRyan Bogdan
BRAIN Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Washington University in St Louis, Box 1125, One Brookings Drive, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
Neurobiol Dis 52:12-23. 2013..We conclude by highlighting challenges facing intermediate phenotype research and future development that will be required to propel this pivotal research into new directions...
- Dopamine-related deficit in reward learning after catecholamine depletion in unmedicated, remitted subjects with bulimia nervosaSimona Grob
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
Neuropsychopharmacology 37:1945-52. 2012..These deficits uncover disturbance of the central reward processing systems in rBN related to altered brain catecholamine levels, which might reflect a trait-like deficit increasing vulnerability to BN...
- Decreased cognitive control in response to negative information in patients with remitted depression: an event-related potential studyMarie Anne Vanderhasselt
Department of Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
J Psychiatry Neurosci 37:250-8. 2012..To fill these gaps, we investigated cognitive control over emotional stimuli in participants with rMDD and controls without history of depression or psychopathology...
- Measuring extrastriatal dopamine release during a reward learning taskElske Vrieze
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Leuven, Belgium
Hum Brain Mapp 34:575-86. 2013..The purpose of this study was to examine presynaptic DA release in extrastriatal regions of the reward circuit by measuring displacement of the high affinity D(2) /D(3) radioligand [(18) F]Fallypride during a reward task...
- Neural responses to negative feedback are related to negative emotionality in healthy adultsDiane L Santesso
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 7:794-803. 2012....
- Evidence of successful modulation of brain activation and subjective experience during reappraisal of negative emotion in unmedicated depressionDaniel Gerard Dillon
Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research and McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
Psychiatry Res 212:99-107. 2013..However, the negative relationship between depression severity and effects of reappraisal on brain activation indicates that group differences may be detectable in larger samples of more severely depressed participants...
- Acute stress selectively reduces reward sensitivityLisa H Berghorst
Department of Psychology, Harvard University Cambridge, MA, USA Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital Belmont, MA, USA
Front Hum Neurosci 7:133. 2013..While such results highlight the possibility that stress-induced anhedonia might be an important mechanism linking stress to affective disorders, future studies are necessary to confirm this conjecture...
- Differential effects of acute stress on anticipatory and consummatory phases of reward processingP Kumar
Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA Electronic address
Neuroscience 266:1-12. 2014..Given that stress is a pivotal vulnerability factor for depression, these results offer insight to better understand the etiology of this prevalent disorder. ..
- Depression, stress, and anhedonia: toward a synthesis and integrated modelDiego A Pizzagalli
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts 02478 email
Annu Rev Clin Psychol 10:393-423. 2014..In the last section, we provide a synthesis of these four literatures, present initial evidence consistent with our model, and discuss directions for future research. ..
- Dimensions in major depressive disorder and their relevance for treatment outcomeElske Vrieze
Department of Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center, Campus Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Electronic address
J Affect Disord 155:35-41. 2014..The first aim of this study was to find potential dimensions within a broad psychopathological assessment in depressed patients. Second, we aimed at examining how these dimensions predicted course in MDD...
- Peril and pleasure: an rdoc-inspired examination of threat responses and reward processing in anxiety and depressionDaniel G Dillon
Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Depress Anxiety 31:233-49. 2014..In addition to its basic scientific value, a better understanding of interactions between the neural systems that mediate threat and reward responses may offer relief from the burdensome condition of anxious depression. ..
- Blunted reward responsiveness in remitted depressionPia Pechtel
McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA Electronic address
J Psychiatr Res 47:1864-9. 2013..More research is warranted to investigate if blunted reward responsiveness may predict future depressive episodes and whether targeting reward-related deficits may prevent the re-occurrence of the disorder. ..
- Assessment of reward responsiveness in the response bias probabilistic reward task in rats: implications for cross-species translational researchA Der-Avakian
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 0603, USA
Transl Psychiatry 3:e297. 2013..Thus, this new procedure in rats, which is conceptually and procedurally analogous to the one used in humans, provides a reverse translational platform to investigate abnormal reward responsiveness across species...
- Mapping anhedonia onto reinforcement learning: a behavioural meta-analysisQuentin Jm Huys
Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, UCL, London, UK
Biol Mood Anxiety Disord 3:12. 2013..We attempted to disentangle these factors with respect to anhedonia in the context of stress, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Bipolar Disorder (BPD) and a dopaminergic challenge...
- The impact of mineralocorticoid receptor ISO/VAL genotype (rs5522) and stress on reward learningR Bogdan
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Genes Brain Behav 9:658-67. 2010..Future studies are warranted to evaluate whether rs5522 genotype interacts with naturalistic stressors to increase the risk of depression and whether stress-induced anhedonia might moderate such risk...
- Frontocingulate dysfunction in depression: toward biomarkers of treatment responseDiego A Pizzagalli
Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research and Neuroimaging Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
Neuropsychopharmacology 36:183-206. 2011..The review ends with a discussion of the limitations of current work and future directions...
- Effects of early life stress on cognitive and affective function: an integrated review of human literaturePia Pechtel
Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Room 233C, De Marneffe Building, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 9106, USA
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 214:55-70. 2011..Emerging findings from longitudinal studies examining developmental trajectories of the brain in healthy samples may provide a new framework to understand mechanisms underlying ELS sequelae...
- Asymmetry in resting intracortical activity as a buffer to social threatKatrina Koslov
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94111, USA
Psychol Sci 22:641-9. 2011..Our data are the first to show that social context matters when attempting to link individual differences in cortical asymmetry with approach-related cardiovascular and emotional outcomes...
- Varenicline as a smoking cessation aid in schizophrenia: effects on smoking behavior and reward sensitivitySunny J Dutra
Department of Psychology, Yale University, P O Box 208205, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 219:25-34. 2012..To maximize treatment efficacy while minimizing risks, it is critical to identify reliable predictors of positive response to varenicline in smokers with schizophrenia...
- Perception of a naturalistic stressor interacts with 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 genotype and gender to impact reward responsivenessYuliya Nikolova
Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Neuropsychobiology 65:45-54. 2012....
- The relationship between reward-based learning and nicotine dependence in smokers with schizophreniaChristopher G AhnAllen
VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA 02301 5596, USA
Psychiatry Res 196:9-14. 2012..These findings emphasize the importance of targeting reward system functioning in smoking cessation treatment for individuals with schizophrenia...
- Effects of task-relevant incentives on the electrophysiological correlates of error processing in major depressive disorderAvram J Holmes
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 10:119-28. 2010..The present findings highlight distinct effects of task incentives on electrophysiological components of error processing and are interpreted within current theories of action monitoring and incentive processing in depression...
- Delay discounting and future-directed thinking in anhedonic individualsKarolina M Lempert
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 1220 William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 41:258-64. 2010..The current findings provide preliminary evidence indicating that anhedonic individuals make less myopic decisions about their future, possibly due to their decreased responsiveness to immediate rewards...
- Serotonin transporter genotype and action monitoring dysfunction: a possible substrate underlying increased vulnerability to depressionAvram J Holmes
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Neuropsychopharmacology 35:1186-97. 2010....
- Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor type 1 (CRHR1) genetic variation and stress interact to influence reward learningRyan Bogdan
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
J Neurosci 31:13246-54. 2011..Homozygosity for the A allele at rs12938031 may increase risk for psychopathology via stress-induced reward learning deficits...
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of error processing dysfunctions in major depressive disorderAvram J Holmes
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Arch Gen Psychiatry 65:179-88. 2008..Depression is characterized by executive dysfunctions and abnormal reactions to errors; however, little is known about the brain mechanisms that underlie these deficits...
- Electrophysiological correlates of spatial orienting towards angry faces: a source localization studyDiane L Santesso
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Neuropsychologia 46:1338-48. 2008..Results suggest that the earliest modulation of spatial attention by face stimuli is manifested in the P1 component, and provide insights about mechanisms underlying attentional orienting toward cues of threat and social disapproval...
- Euthymic patients with bipolar disorder show decreased reward learning in a probabilistic reward taskDiego A Pizzagalli
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Biol Psychiatry 64:162-8. 2008..Our goal was to test the hypothesis that BPD is characterized by impairments in adjusting behavior as a function of prior reinforcement history, particularly in the presence of residual anhedonic symptoms...
- The cognitive consequences of emotion regulation: an ERP investigationC M Deveney
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Psychophysiology 45:435-44. 2008..Results are discussed in the context of the developing ER literature, as well as theories of emotional incongruity (N400) and resource allocation (P300)...
- Perceived stress and cognitive vulnerability mediate the effects of personality disorder comorbidity on treatment outcome in major depressive disorder: a path analysis studyMichele Candrian
Depression Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
J Nerv Ment Dis 195:729-37. 2007..Depressogenic cognitions might be continuously activated by chronic distress in MDD subjects reporting axis II pathology, leading to stress exacerbation and eventually poorer treatment outcome...
- Single dose of a dopamine agonist impairs reinforcement learning in humans: behavioral evidence from a laboratory-based measure of reward responsivenessDiego A Pizzagalli
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 1220 William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 196:221-32. 2008..Animal studies have emphasized the role of phasic dopamine (DA) signaling in reward-related learning, but these processes remain largely unexplored in humans...
- Increased perceived stress is associated with blunted hedonic capacity: potential implications for depression researchDiego A Pizzagalli
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 1220 William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Behav Res Ther 45:2742-53. 2007..These findings are consistent with preclinical data highlighting links between stress and anhedonia, and offer promising insights into potential mechanisms linking stress to depression...
- Dissociation of neural regions associated with anticipatory versus consummatory phases of incentive processingDaniel G Dillon
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Psychophysiology 45:36-49. 2008..Although the study features several methodological improvements and helps clarify the neural basis of incentive processing, replications in larger samples are needed...
- Task feedback effects on conflict monitoring and executive control: relationship to subclinical measures of depressionAvram J Holmes
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Emotion 7:68-76. 2007..These findings suggest that subclinical depression is associated with impairments in behavioral adjustments after internal (perceived failure) and external feedback about deficient task performance...
- Acute stress reduces reward responsiveness: implications for depressionRyan Bogdan
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Biol Psychiatry 60:1147-54. 2006..Stress, one of the strongest risk factors for depression, has been linked to "anhedonic" behavior and dysfunctional reward-related neural circuitry in preclinical models...
- Frontal brain asymmetry and reward responsiveness: a source-localization studyDiego A Pizzagalli
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Psychol Sci 16:805-13. 2005..8% of the variance in reward bias. These findings not only confirm that frontal EEG asymmetry modulates the propensity to engage in appetitively motivated behavior, but also provide anatomical details about the underlying brain systems...
- Resting anterior cingulate activity and abnormal responses to errors in subjects with elevated depressive symptoms: a 128-channel EEG studyDiego A Pizzagalli
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Hum Brain Mapp 27:185-201. 2006..Because rostral ACC regions have been implicated in treatment response in depression, our findings provide initial insight into putative mechanisms fostering treatment response...
- Reduced hedonic capacity in major depressive disorder: evidence from a probabilistic reward taskDiego A Pizzagalli
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 1220 William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
J Psychiatr Res 43:76-87. 2008..The goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that individuals with major depression are characterized by blunted reward responsiveness, particularly when anhedonic symptoms are prominent...
- The heritability of hedonic capacity and perceived stress: a twin study evaluation of candidate depressive phenotypesR Bogdan
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Psychol Med 39:211-8. 2009..The present proof-of-concept study assessed whether hedonic capacity and stress perception are heritable and whether their genetic and environmental contributions are shared...
- Dissociable recruitment of rostral anterior cingulate and inferior frontal cortex in emotional response inhibitionPearl H Chiu
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Neuroimage 42:988-97. 2008....
- Variation in TREK1 gene linked to depression-resistant phenotype is associated with potentiated neural responses to rewards in humansDaniel G Dillon
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Hum Brain Mapp 31:210-21. 2010..Future studies in depressed samples should evaluate whether variation in neural responses to rewards may contribute to the association between TREK1 and antidepressant response in humans...
- The role of the nucleus accumbens and rostral anterior cingulate cortex in anhedonia: integration of resting EEG, fMRI, and volumetric techniquesJan Wacker
Department of Psychology, Philipps Universitaet, Marburg, Germany
Neuroimage 46:327-37. 2009..Taken together, these results help elucidate the neural basis of anhedonia and strengthen the argument for anhedonia as an endophenotype for depression...
- Reduced caudate and nucleus accumbens response to rewards in unmedicated individuals with major depressive disorderDiego A Pizzagalli
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 1220 William James Hall, 33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Am J Psychiatry 166:702-10. 2009....
- Electrophysiological evidence of attentional biases in social anxiety disorderE M Mueller
Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
Psychol Med 39:1141-52. 2009..We used a dot-probe task in conjunction with high-density ERPs and source localization to investigate attentional biases in SAD...
- Childhood adversity is associated with left basal ganglia dysfunction during reward anticipation in adulthoodDaniel G Dillon
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Biol Psychiatry 66:206-13. 2009..In animal models, early adversity is associated with dysfunction in basal ganglia regions involved in reward processing, but this relationship has not been established in humans...
- Neural activity and diurnal variation of cortisol: evidence from brain electrical tomography analysis and relevance to anhedoniaKatherine M Putnam
National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare Center, Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, USA katherine putnam va gov
Psychophysiology 45:886-95. 2008..For the anhedonic group, the mPFC finding was absent. Anhedonia may be characterized by disruptions of mPFC-mediated neuroendocrine regulation, which could constitute a vulnerability to the development of stress-related disorders...
- Single dose of a dopamine agonist impairs reinforcement learning in humans: evidence from event-related potentials and computational modeling of striatal-cortical functionDiane L Santesso
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Hum Brain Mapp 30:1963-76. 2009..These preliminary findings offer important insights on the role of phasic DA signals on reinforcement learning in humans and provide initial evidence regarding the spatiotemporal dynamics of brain mechanisms underlying these processes...
- Implicit depression and hopelessness in remitted depressed individualsTiffany M Meites
Harvard University, Psychology Department, 1220 William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Behav Res Ther 46:1078-84. 2008..Results extend prior IAT research by documenting the presence of a reduced tendency to associate the self with happiness in a sample at increased risk for depression...
- Individual differences in reinforcement learning: behavioral, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging correlatesDiane L Santesso
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 1220 William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Neuroimage 42:807-16. 2008..Furthermore, these results highlight the importance of the dACC to probabilistic reward learning in humans...
- Enhanced negative feedback responses in remitted depressionDiane L Santesso
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Neuroreport 19:1045-8. 2008..The present findings suggest that abnormal responses to negative feedback extend to samples at increased risk for depressive episodes in the absence of current symptoms...
- Response conflict and frontocingulate dysfunction in unmedicated participants with major depressionAvram J Holmes
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Neuropsychologia 46:2904-13. 2008....
- Toward an objective characterization of an anhedonic phenotype: a signal-detection approachDiego A Pizzagalli
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
Biol Psychiatry 57:319-27. 2005..Decreased approach-related behavior and anhedonia (lack of responsiveness to pleasure) are considered cardinal features of depression, but few studies have used laboratory-based measures to objectively characterize these constructs...


text:
Konecranes has delivered a busbar-powered, fully electric rubber-tire gantry crane to EVYAP Port in Istanbul.
It is the first in a series of eight RTGs ordered in 2012 by the Turkish port operator.
The RTGs, also equipped with network braking, will run on electricity drawn from the local grid. They do not use hydraulics. They will be equipped with a full-size diesel generator and Konecranes Diesel Fuel Saver technology in case of electricity blackouts.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
I'm delurking so I can ask a question
I've been watching this thread with great interest since I just finished reading Trick and Treat and I've ordered a copy of Natural Healing and Weight Loss which I haven't yet received but I'm need some advice.
I just recently tried the Dukan Diet but with great trepidation and after staying on it for about 3 weeks I wasn't happy with how I felt and now I know that that is a very unhealthy eating plan. What is really bad is even though I purchased all the Dukan diet books and read them in the back of my mind I kept telling myself that this could be potentially dangerous but I did it anyway, the desperate search for weightloss.
I've now switched to a more EFGT way and I love it and I feel great. My skin is loving it too, after about a week on the Dukan Diet my skinned dried out like a prune. Some of the worst dry skin I've ever experienced.
I can't wait to get the new book but I have a question. What is the opinion on using seeds, nuts, nut flours and nut butters? In particular peanut butter, sunflower seeds, almond flour, coconut and coconut flour?
Thanks for any help.
Hi Pam....
Of course, nut butters are fine, as well as flours. Count the carbs, of course, like in any LC plan. Nuts are soooo easy to overeat..LOL..
You need to post on our Sizzling Slimmer Challenge for July...
Thanks Carolyn and I do watch that thread but I'm just bad about posting regularly.
I have another question after reading some of the other threads. In Barry Groves book Trick and Treat he mentioned joining a low-carb message board to get some insight and after reading his respones to some questions on here I wondered if this is the board he was talking about.
Hmmm...his board is second opinions, but sometimes he shows up here...More in the older days, though..
|All times are GMT -7. The time now is 11:51 AM.


text:
A truly beautiful garden varies with the seasons, as dynamic as the plants that are its constituents. While most plants are admired at their peak, some have admittedly unfortunate appearances during their "off" season. Gardeners are thus challenged to choose plants that take the spotlight, then return to a sedate beauty that supports the acts to follow rather than sabotaging them.
Winter-hazels, or Corylopsis, are such plants. These elegant yet underappreciated shrubs bear glowing, pale yellow flowers in early spring, dangling like pendant earrings from graceful branches. After flowering they return to a quietly attractive state, silently gracing the garden until the spotlight returns to them next spring.
Corylopsis is a small genus related to the more commonly grown Hamamelis, or witch-hazel. Winter-hazels bloom in the early spring, after Hamamelis, and have a more rounded growth habit. The name Corylopsis comes from corylus or "hazel" and the Latin suffix -opsis, meaning "resembling," and refers to the strong resemblance of the plant, especially the leaves, to the genus Corylus. Unfortunately for gardeners and growers alike, the taxonomy of Corylopsis seems to be in perpetual review, and the exact number of species has varied from seven to more than 30. Most of the literature favors fewer species, though in some cases this creates wide variability within each taxon and makes it difficult for nurseries and gardeners to know what they are growing.
The genus ranges from the eastern Himalayas to Japan. The three or four species native to Japan, Corylopsis glabrescens, C. gotoana (sometimes treated as a variant of C. glabrescens), C. pauciflora and C. spicata, are the most distinctive; thus their names and descriptions have remained more stable than the species found in mainland Asia. The Japanese species also have very restricted natural distributions, growing only in isolated areas associated with serpentine rock outcroppings with ample moisture and sun.
The Chinese and Himalayan species are found in montane forests. The most widely recognized species from China, Corylopsis sinensis, represents a group of taxa that have been split and reunited numerous times, though all share certain traits, including large size. Of the members of the genus Corylopsis, the species C. sinensis, C. glabrescens, C. spicata and C. pauciflora and their cultivars are the most commonly available and the best suited to southeast Pennsylvania and most of the United States, though gardeners in the Pacific Northwest and cooler areas of the Southeast have a wider selection. One of the graceful yet underused shrubs described in this article is sure to fit a client's garden - or your inventory.
Winter-hazels sold in nurseries, unless they are named, vegetatively propagated cultivars, may be highly variable. This means that size, growth habit and scent can all be quite different, making selection of material for propagation and sale very important. Size is mostly dependent on the species selected. Corylopsis sinensis and its various forms are the largest, followed by C. glabrescens, C. spicata and C. pauciflora, the lowest-growing species in the genus.
Growth habit can vary from broad and spreading to vase-shaped to more upright. The flowers, a glowing shade of soft yellow that varies only minutely across the genus, can carry an intoxicating scent like sweet primroses, and the first time one encounters a winter-hazel the plant may be smelled before it is seen. Unfortunately, this scent is also highly unpredictable and may represent a key factor in selecting forms for propagation and sale. The cultivars will, of course, be more uniform, though Corylopsis remains a genus from which much selection can be done to add to the short list of existing cultivars and improve uniformity in the market.
Given the taxonomic jumble of species like Corylopsis sinensis, cultivars would be useful in horticulture for distinguishing various forms within the species. Propagation of such selections is simple, as softwood cuttings root readily. Some sources recommend that, like other members of the witch-hazel family, Corylopsis cuttings are best left in their propagation beds for one winter to harden off before potting them up. Others claim that Corylopsis cuttings are more resilient and do not need this overwintering.
Winter-hazels prefer much the same conditions as Hamamelis, flowering best in full sun to light shade. Despite their natural occurrence in exposed sites in Japan, these shrubs typically benefit from some afternoon shade during the summer in southeast Pennsylvania.
Like other members of the witch-hazel family, Corylopsis has few problems with pests or diseases. Soil should be well-drained, acidic and high in organic matter. Amending the soil with peat moss or leaf mold is recommended to achieve these conditions. Keep winter-hazels evenly moist, as they will not tolerate prolonged drought. While full sun will encourage the most bloom, the plants will require more water and may still develop leaf spots or burnt edges from exposure to drying winds or hot sun.
Winter-hazels look their absolute best when grown in a woodland setting, either under a high canopy that provides dappled shade, or on the edge of the trees where they can receive morning sun with protection from hot afternoon rays. The bright shade just under the bows of more open trees seems to give the perfect amount of light for winter-hazels to produce ample flower buds and promote a graceful habit while protecting them from wind and late frosts.
Unfortunately, as with many shrubs that bloom in early spring, such frosts can damage the blooms. The flower buds and even partially open flowers are quite hardy, but fully open blooms will be damaged by temperatures much below freezing. Some reports claim that open flowers of winter-hazel are undamaged down to 10°F, while others are more conservative at 20°F. Whether either of these estimates is accurate is up for debate. Corylopsis buds expand quickly in response to warm temperatures in early spring. However, the flowers themselves open relatively slowly, and not all buds will open simultaneously, so that even if the first few flowers are killed by a random frost there are more blooms waiting to unfold.
Pruning is best kept to a minimum, limited to accentuating or revealing the natural grace of these beautiful shrubs. Some species, especially Corylopsis pauciflora, can become quite dense naturally, particularly when grown in full sun. While many gardeners will find this pleasingly full, others may find the numerous stems too busy. For gardeners of the former opinion, winter-hazels are very low-maintenance shrubs that can be allowed to grow with only occasional removal of deadwood or rubbing branches. Gardeners who prefer a more open, architectural plant can train young winter-hazels to a few main stems and prune subsequent basal growth. As the plant matures and the selected stems become more dominant, they may also suppress basal growth to some extent, reducing maintenance over time.
Pruning should be done after flowers fade in spring. Pruning from midsummer to winter will remove the flower buds that have formed for the following spring. Locating winter-hazels in more shade will likewise make for a more open branch structure rather than the dense shape acquired with full sun.
The main ornamental feature of winter-hazels is the primrose-yellow flowers, which are fairly uniform throughout the genus. The soft yellow beautifully complements other spring-blooming flowers, certainly easier on the eye and more pleasing in combinations than the harsh yellow of forsythia. However, none of the species in the genus Corylopsis is particularly suited for formal or highly manicured gardens, with the possible exception of C. pauciflora. These graceful shrubs generally look much more at home in an informal or woodland setting, ideally planted against a dark evergreen backdrop. That said, winter-hazels make a surprisingly enchanting espalier when skillfully trained on a wall or fence.
Corylopsis spicata and C. pauciflora, as the smallest members of the genus, are generally more suited to today's gardens. Corylopsis pauciflora has a pleasingly rounded, dense habit suitable for smaller borders as well as woodland gardens. Corylopsis spicata is coarser and wilder in appearance. The form is unusual enough to provide winter interest, but not so strange as to defy attempts to mesh with the rest of the garden.
The larger species, Corylopsis glabrescens and C. sinensis, are better left to larger gardens, though they could also be used as small trees themselves if trained to a few upright stems and pruned high.
Winter-hazel branches can be brought inside for a good blooming display up to two months before the normal bloom season in mid-March. A research project on forcing branches of spring-blooming woody shrubs at Longwood Gardens found that Corylopsis can be forced with some success. Corylopsis pauciflora and C. glabrescens were rated in the top 10 out of 32 shrubs tested. Branches of Corylopsis pauciflora are best collected in February for flowers in early March, up to two weeks before their normal bloom season. Branches collected in January for a February display had about half as many flowers but were still showy enough for use.
Branches of Corylopsis glabrescens are best collected in January or early February for a February display. Corylopsis 'Winterthur' forces best when collected at the beginning of February for displaying that month. C. spicata produced few flowers under forced conditions, but if one is truly desperate for winter-hazel blooms, this species can be collected and forced at the beginning of December, and the branches will flower just in time for Christmas or New Year's Day.
Young winter-hazels all look rather similar at first glance, yet the different species and cultivars mature into plants varied enough that there is a Corylopsis fit for most every garden if the right species or cultivar is selected. Subtle traits like the curve of branch tips or the size and color of flower buds may seem trivial, but can create surprisingly different effects when the plants are viewed as a whole. Though the flower color is practically the same throughout the genus, individual flowers vary in size and the length of the dangling inflorescences, ranging from less than 1 inch to over 3 inches long.
Other traits to consider when selecting the right winter-hazel for a garden are the color, size and texture of the leaves, the diameter and density of the branches and twigs, retention of old fruit and fall foliage color.
To gain better understanding of the choices offered by various species and varieties currently in cultivation, Longwood Gardens in Kennett Square, Penn. (USDA hardiness zone 7a), trialed 13 different Corylopsis for seven years. They were planted in full sun in mulched nursery beds. The data collected in the field trials were then compared with observations of fully established plants growing under varied conditions in the public areas of the gardens, in some cases for more than 50 years.
The 13 contestants in the field trials included: Corylopsis calcicola, C. glabrescens (from two sources), C. glandulifera, C. gotoana, C. pauciflora, C. sinensis var. sinensis, C. sinensis var. calvescens, C. spicata, C. veitchiana (from three sources) and C. 'Winterthur'. Plants of Corylopsis glabrescens and C. veitchiana that came from different sources were evaluated separately. In addition, Corylopsis platypetala, C. willmottiae and C. glabrescens 'Longwood Chimes' growing only in the public areas of the gardens were also observed and evaluated. In the end, four species and the putative hybrid between two of them outperformed the rest in the eyes of the evaluators.
Corylopsis sinensis, ranked No. 5 among the top performers, is the largest of the species covered here. Several other species have been lumped together under this name, making a universal description difficult. C. sinensis is hardy to Zone 6. Two varieties were trialed: Corylopsis sinensis var. sinensis and C. sinensis var. calvescens. Variety sinensis has longer inflorescences, 1 to 4 inches long, while the racemes of variety calvescens are only 1 to 2 inches long. Overall, variety sinensis rated slightly higher than variety calvescens, but both of them were similarly criticized by the reviewers for their messy growth habit, relative lack of interest and overall poor form. In their defense, these young specimens, as with so many worthy plants that achieve grace only with age, often have an awkward appearance in youth.
Mature specimens (over 50 years old) of Corylopsis sinensis and the related C. platypetala (sometimes included in C. sinensis var. calvescens) growing in full sun in the public areas of the gardens are large, multistemmed shrubs, reaching 12 to 22 feet tall and 20 to 35 feet wide, with C. platypetala the larger of the two. Their numerous basal stems, 3 to 6 inches in diameter, create interesting, tangled masses in the centers of dome-shaped plants. The light brown-gray bark with lighter gray patches is attractive, though not overtly showy.
The exposed, full-sun situation unfortunately marred the foliage of Corylopsis sinensis and C. platypetala with burnt edges and leaf spots. The leaves had poor fall color, and old leaves remained on the branches of Corylopsis sinensis along with numerous dark brown fruits, making for an unattractive plant. Plants of this species growing in shadier conditions, however, were not only more upright and graceful, but their leaves turned a beautiful clear yellow in fall and did not have the unfortunate appearance of those growing in full sun.
The average bloom period of Corylopsis sinensis at Longwood typically starts the third week of March and ends by the third week of April. Individual plants usually bloom for two to three weeks in any given year. The floral display of Corylopsis platypetala differed from C. sinensis in presenting longer racemes with flowers opening a few days later.
Corylopsis willmottiae is another species sometimes lumped together under C. sinensis. The specimen growing at Longwood in deep shade is extremely upright and shows how much effect the amount of light received has on the form of plants in the C. sinensis group. The blooms on this plant are borne on 3- to 4-inch racemes, possibly the longest in the genus. Also available is a cultivar of C. sinensis named 'Spring Purple', with purple new growth that matures to green.
Overall, Corylopsis sinensis has the potential to be an attractive large shrub or small tree, but due to its size it may be too imposing for most gardens. Plants with the exceptional traits that distinguish Corylopsis platypetala and C. willmottiae as separate species may be difficult to find in the trade, but are worth seeking out for their superior floral displays.
Similarly ranked to Corylopsis sinensis were C. calcicola and C. glandulifera, both grown from seed received from Shanghai Botanical Gardens, and not yet available commercially in the United States.
Corylopsis spicata was the fourth highest rated winter-hazel in the field trials. It is one of the smaller species in the genus as well as one of the hardier, rated to Zone 5. Smaller-growing, yet mature specimens can still reach 10 to 12 feet tall by 15 feet wide in ideal conditions, though this will take a very long time. Typically they finish off at a more modest size of 6 to 8 feet tall by up to 10 feet wide. The species is quite variable, with some plants exhibiting a more upright and narrow form while others are much more spreading. Generally, this is an arching shrub with distinctly zigzag branches. The effect may be compared to contorted hazelnut, but more subtle, without the fantastic loops and curls that Harry Lauder's walking stick can achieve, and perhaps easier to fit into a garden because of it.
Corylopsis spicata began flowering in the first week of March, with a slightly darker, truer yellow than the yellow-green of C. sinensis. It had a longer bloom season than most other species, with the first flowers in a raceme opening long before the flowers at the end of the raceme open. This flowering habit gives Corylopsis spicata a long bloom season of three to five weeks. The dark red to purple anthers make a striking contrast upon close observation and a subtle distinction from farther away. Flowers of C. spicata smell slightly but noticeably of primroses, but it is advisable to test them with your own nose prior to purchase if scent is important.
The leaves are relatively large and in some forms possess the loveliest blue-green cast in the genus. Three cultivars with yellow-green foliage are available: 'Golden Spring' PP13,821, 'Aurea' and 'Ogon'. 'Golden Spring' was discovered as a chance seedling in a controlled sowing in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. A U.S. patent was awarded for it in 2003. The origins of 'Aurea' and 'Ogon' are unclear. Both names are commonly interchanged with each other and even misapplied to yellow-leaved cultivars of many plants with more creative names, and plants of Corylopsis spicata sold under either name may, in fact, be 'Golden Spring'. Another cultivar listed is 'Red Eye', which likely refers to the red anthers of Corylopsis spicata, though this cultivar seems to be available only in Europe.
The young plants in the shrub trials unfortunately did not have time to develop the grace that comes with age. They were also growing in full sun, hardly ideal for a denizen of the woodland garden. Corylopsis spicata performs best with slightly more shade and more attention to even soil moisture than the other species covered here, likely being more susceptible to drying winds and hot sun in summer due to its large leaves. The flowers are surprisingly heat tolerant, as they survived an April heat wave better than other winter-hazels. C. spicata managed to look decent a week later when the flowers of other species appeared decidedly withered.
The mature specimens at Longwood are growing in significant shade, but can likely tolerate more sun and produce more flowers and better fall color. Gardeners with an evenly moist site protected from strong winds will find this a superb and rewarding plant. Plant enthusiasts who give this unusual shrub a chance will be rewarded with a quirky and bewitching form in maturity, lit in spring by a fairy-like display of glowing yellow blooms.
Corylopsis glabrescens, rated as the third best in the trials, grows as a many-stemmed shrub 8 to 15 feet tall and wide. It may, however, have potential for training as a small tree. It is one of the hardier winter-hazels, surviving down to Zone 5. Mature specimens of this species growing in public areas of Longwood Gardens displayed the best fall foliage color of any winter-hazel, having the cleanest leaves of a good, clear yellow.
Its bloom time ranged from the second week of March until the second week of May, usually two weeks later than other species of Corylopsis. Flowers typically lasted for three to four weeks. Often referred to as the fragrant winter-hazel, C. glabrescens can have a stronger scent than other Corylopsis. A cultivar of C. gotoana named 'March Jewel', sometimes treated as C. glabrescens, is a nearly prostrate plant reaching only 18 inches tall by 5 feet wide in 10 years. This is the lowest-growing Corylopsis cultivar available, though it can be difficult to find.
A cultivar of Corylopsis glabrescens was found and named at Longwood Gardens. Receiving the appellation 'Longwood Chimes', it was chosen for its strong fragrance and flowers up to 50 percent larger than is typical for the species. As with the species, the later blooming is especially valuable for escaping late frosts that could damage fully open flowers. At Longwood, this selection blooms one to two weeks later than other winter-hazels. As a vegetatively propagated cultivar, it is also more uniform in its features (including fragrance) than other plants of this species offered in the trade.
Young shrubs are spreading to rounded in form and can be trained to fit their garden to an extent. In time 'Longwood Chimes' develops a lovely, graceful habit, forming an upright, flat-topped fountain with horizontal branches. For smaller gardens, upright stems can be selected to produce a more tree-like habit, or at least a more upright shrub, to keep valuable garden space available under its branches. The area under this beautiful shrub would be perfect for underplanting with shade perennials. Once the plant is tall enough, a small bench placed under the branches would allow an idyllic vantage from which to enjoy the pendulous, fragrant flowers.
Smaller than Corylopsis sinensis and C. glabrescens and seemingly with fewer basal stems, Corylopsis 'Winterthur' is named after the garden in Delaware where it was discovered. A putative hybrid of C. spicata and C. pauciflora, this winter-hazel can grow to over 12 feet tall and 15 feet wide, with a broad, vase-shaped habit and is hardy to Zone 6a.
Many old specimens of 'Winterthur' growing in the public areas of Longwood have been trained to a few stems, giving them an open appearance like a small, spreading tree. The ability to be trained into a tree form may allow 'Winterthur' to be more widely used in home landscapes. Rather than completely blocking off a huge chunk of a small garden, the space underneath can be under-planted with lush shade perennials and smaller shrubs.
Young plants of 'Winterthur' in the field trials were also noted to be more compact than other Corylopsis, with a pleasing habit and attractive winter form. 'Winterthur' received the second highest rating of the Corylopsis grown in the field trials. While they are attractive shrubs, their branch tips tend to flair upward, disturbing the otherwise pleasing horizontal branching pattern. The winter texture was not especially noteworthy. Fall foliage was a good yellow color, but was frequently marred on the more exposed portions with unsightly brown spots and burnt edges, which could potentially be avoided given a slightly more sheltered location. The blooms appeared around the second week of March and lasted until the end of April, smelling very faintly of star fruit. After the flowers faded, purple-flushed new growth provided a subtle secondary display before maturing to a bright green.
Given the high ratings earned in the trials, C. 'Winterthur' may be better for growing in more sun than other Corylopsis and could be better than most for gratification at a young age, though the eventual size might exclude it from smaller gardens if not trained to an upright form.
The winter-hazel that received the highest rating in the Longwood Gardens' shrub trials was Corylopsis pauciflora. It is the shortest species in the genus, growing on average 6 feet tall and wide, with a much finer texture both in and out of leaf than other winter-hazels. Old specimens growing in shade may eventually reach 8 to 10 feet tall. Young plants form symmetrical globes or upright ovals. As they mature, they develop into a flat-topped vase, which may be slightly wider than tall, or upright and narrow depending on the amount of light it receives. In full sun these can be very dense shrubs that may benefit from some selective pruning to thin out crowded stems. In more shaded conditions they become beautiful, narrow vases without developing the stretched-out, straggly appearance of some other shrubs grown in similar light levels.
This small winter-hazel seems more tolerant of sun and heat than other Corylopsis species. It also has the fewest flowers per raceme, only two or three, but makes up for this with copious amounts of buds and individual flowers that are twice as large as other species. Even in dense shade they produce enough flower buds to create a pleasing spring display, while other winter-hazels tend to become too thin to create a large impact. Blooms may begin the second week of March, and the final flowers can last until the first week of May. Typically, individual plants bloom for three to four weeks. This long bloom season and the large numbers of buds help to ensure that a fair amount of flowers will escape late frosts.
After flowering, the small fruits are hardly noticeable. New leaves in spring have a distinctive red-violet edge, giving them extra ornament and a defined look. Fall color develops late and is not as strong in some years as 'Winterthur' or 'Longwood Chimes', but still can light up a shady understory, complement the red-foliaged fall divas, or make a pleasing combination with purple fall-blooming asters. Corylopsis pauciflora makes an excellent introduction to winter-hazels that will hopefully encourage gardeners to try other members of this beautiful and underused genus.
Some of the winter-hazels included in the trials failed to establish under the conditions of the open nursery field. These included Corylopsis platypetala, C. gotoana and its cultivar 'March Jewel', and one group of C. spicata. Interestingly, C. platypetala and C. spicata have thrived in more protected situations in the nearby gardens for several decades, indicating the importance of carefully considering the selection of a planting site.
Among the plants that managed to establish in the nursery but rated consistently poorly were all three groups of Corylopsis sinensis var. calvescens f. veitchiana, each from a different source, as well as C. coreana. The form veitchiana of Corylopsis sinensis lost points because it was not significantly different from the species, apart from a slightly stronger purple coloration in the new leaves, and simply did not invoke enough excitement in the evaluators. Corylopsis coreana suffered the same fate, failing to garner the interest of observers, and was unable to handle the stressful conditions of the open field.
Those members of the genus Corylopsis that performed well in the trials would make superb additions to the garden. With their elegant spring blooms, beautiful fall color and graceful habit year-round, it is surprising that Corylopsis are not found more often in the landscape. In a garden with adequate space, the larger species make a glorious spring display and remain attractive even out of bloom, making them eminently worthy additions to any garden. However, even in a small garden winter-hazels may prove rewarding by selecting the smaller species such as the highly recommended Corylopsis pauciflora or C. spicata. For gardeners with more space or those who are willing to train a larger species to an upright form, Corylopsis willmottiae and C. platypetala are well worth the effort to find the genuine article.
The newly introduced Corylopsis glabrescens 'Longwood Chimes' is the up-and-coming star of the genus, having all the best qualities available to winter-hazels: fragrance, later bloom period, good fall color and attractive form. Even in smaller gardens, this Corylopsis may be worth fitting in by training to an upright habit.
Few flowering shrubs are truly attractive in all seasons, and space in smaller gardens is precious. Why give that space to a plant that only looks good for a couple weeks out of the year and is an eyesore the rest of the time? Instead, plant a Corylopsis. It will enhance the garden all year, and will be absolutely beautiful in spring and fall.
Evan Bean is the assistant garden curator at the Juniper Level Botanic Gardens at Plant Delights Nursery in Raleigh, N.C., and was curatorial intern at Longwood Gardens in Kennett Square, Penn. He can be reached at email@example.com. Dr. Tomasz Anis´ko is the curator of plants at Longwood Gardens. He can be reached at email@example.com.


text:
0 points
- 1 Everything
- 1 Review
- 0 Questions
- 0 Photos
- 0 Videos
Roxy Torah Bright Orchard Jacket - Women's
Love this Roxy jacket!!
I absolutely love this Roxy jacket. I got the washed chambray dots color. The Backcountry pictures are pretty close to the actual color (which is like a blue denim with white polka dots,) some websites, including roxy.com, make this color look a lot paler and almost grayish; but it is in fact a blue denim color. I'm 5'3" and 115lbs and I purchased an XS. I was trying to decide between a small and x-small and decided to go with XS. The jacket fit great. It leaves me with enough room for a good, warm base layer but not much more; which is what I wanted. It's also not too baggy and can be worn on days other than skiing! There are many inside pockets and
0 Comments


text:
What do you think about TV nursing comedy/drama like Nurse Jackie? - page 4
I never watched Nurse Jackie but I do know that many people enjoy it. Do you get anything from watching Nurse Jackie or similar nursing shows? Click Like if you enjoyed it. Please share this with friends and post... Read More
- 0Jun 11, '12 by longhornmom3267I absolutely love Grey's Anatomy! Its the most realistic in my opinion
Sent from my iPhone using allnurses.com
- 0Jun 14, '12 by JerseyGirl6HawthoRNe fan here...we need to petition to bring that show back in my opinion! Grey's ananomy catches me here and there and sometimes house does too but I never really watched nurse jackie so I can't give an opinion, though you all opinion makes me wanna order it on netflicks. Lol
- 0Aug 1, '12 by mistydbuffaFor me, I much preferred ER but its done. Good comedy offered through scrubs . And house was great fave. I don't have movie channels so nurse Jackie, outta the question. Never seen it, but shoes like this either over dramatize reality, or romanticize a hard job making it appear more appealing. Or insults the industry. Purely entertainment purposes only.
- 1Sep 15, '12 by bunnyfungoI just started watching Nurse Jackie and I'm addicted. But the first thing I thought when I saw the pilot was, "She actually gets a 30 minute lunch break?!" Lol. Love it!


text:
Graco recalls 11 models after finger amputations
A popular Midwest grocer recalled chicken salad Saturday amidst fears it had become contaminated with listeria.
Kraft Foods Group, a Columbia-based establishment, recalled more than 96,000 pounds of Oscar Mayer brand hot dogs Sunday after a packaging mix-up.
Missouri was in the top five states with used cars for sale online that had unfixed open recalls, according to a 2013 Carfax report.
General Motors is recalling more than 3 million vehicles. 1.6 million vehicles are being recalled because of a problem with the ignition switch.
A slaughterhouse that supplies the National School Lunch Program has reopened after shutting down for filthy conditions.
General Motors is recalling nearly 780,000 older-model compact cars in North America. It says a faulty ignition switch can shut of the cars' engines without warning and cause crashes. GM says six people have been killed in 22 crashes related to the problem. All were at high speeds. The recall affects Chevrolet Cobalts from the 2005 through 2007 model years and Pontiac G5s from 2007.
Graco is recalling nearly 3.8 million car safety seats because children can be trapped by buckles that may not unlatch.
The Consumer Product Safety Commission says about 8,900 flat-screen TVs are being recalled because a faulty electronic component that can catch fire.
IKEA is recalling millions of children's lamps following the death of a child who choked on the lamp's cord. Another child was injured.
William Walker/CNN
Under pressure from federal regulators, Chrysler will expand a recall of cars and trucks equipped with Takata airbags.
Bård Edlund/CNNMoney
After a two-month wait, Staples on Friday evening announced hackers broke into its computers and stole data on 1.16 million shoppers' credit cards and debit cards.
Chrysler will replace the airbags in 149,150 older trucks amid growing concerns about a defect that can cause them to explode.
The airbags are made by the Japanese company Takata and have been linked to at least five deaths. When the airbags explode ...
The government agency charged with regulating safety recalls said it wants to know if Graco delayed its reporting of a defect that led to one of the largest baby-seat recalls in U.S. history.
B&G Foods is voluntarily recalling certain Ortega taco products over nut allergy concerns.
Mars Inc. is recalling boxes of plain M&Ms sold because they may contain peanut butter.
Kraft Foods Group has announced a recall of more than 7,500 cases of its popular single-slice American cheese.
Ford is recalling 83,250 vehicles for potential problems with the halfshaft and linkshaft.
Graco is recalling 1.9 million infant car seats in what is now the largest seat recall in U.S. history, officials told The Associated Press.
A Minnesota company is recalling a variety of spreads sold at Target, Walmart and other stores over possible listeria contamination.
No email address was supplied by
To complete your registration on this site, please supply an address.
Please confirm or modify the email address to which you will have subscription offers sent.
For a more personalized experience, please supply the following optional information.


text:
I changed my crankshaft position sensor now my car will not start. it will crank but will not fire up. I checked using a spark test lamp, i am getting power to my spark plugs but the car will not start. i tried putting the old one back on still had the same result. What do I need to try to hopefully get my car to start?
View questions for:All Pontiac
Grand Prix
2001 Pontiac Grand Prix
Pontiac Q&AAsk Your Question
2001 Pontiac Grand Prix Question: Changed crankshaft position sensor now wont start
Myssa, 3.8L V6, Cuba, MO, April 19, 2013, 20:40
2 Answers
Answer Ranks
This week's top 10
|1 pushrod
|6 Hal...
|2 CharlesAutomotive
|7 IamSteve
|3 ziptie12
|8 lordwoton
|4 globalhelper
|9 stasho
|5 csubak30
|10 ProfessorG


text: Strict Standards: Redefining already defined constructor for class XML_Parser in /home/sites/www.americanpoems.com/web/store/aom/includes/os.php on line 1188 Strict Standards: Declaration of XML_Parser::raiseError() should be compatible with PEAR::raiseError($message = NULL, $code = NULL, $mode = NULL, $options = NULL, $userinfo = NULL, $error_class = NULL, $skipmsg = false) in /home/sites/www.americanpoems.com/web/store/aom/includes/os.php on line 1604 Strict Standards: Declaration of XML_Unserializer::startHandler() should be compatible with XML_Parser::startHandler($xp, $elem, &$attribs) in /home/sites/www.americanpoems.com/web/store/aom/includes/os.php on line 3503 Strict Standards: Declaration of Cache_Lite_File::get() should be compatible with Cache_Lite::get($id, $group = 'default', $doNotTestCacheValidity = false) in /home/sites/www.americanpoems.com/web/store/aom/includes/cache.php on line 1020 American Poems: Book: Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest Home Apparel Appliances Books DVD Electronics Home & Garden Kindle eBooks Magazines Music Outdoor Living Software Tools & Hardware PC & Video Games Search All Products Apparel Appliances Arts & Crafts Automotive Baby Beauty Books Computers DVD Electronics Gourmet Food Grocery Health Home & Garden Industrial & Science Jewelry Kindle eBooks Kitchen Magazines Miscellaneous Mobile Apps MP3 Downloads Music Musical Instruments Office Products Outdoor Living Pet Supplies Photo & Camera Shoes Software Sporting Goods Tools & Hardware Toys VHS Video On Demand PC & Video Games Watches Wireless Wireless Accessories Advanced Search Sitemap View Cart Checkout Location: Home » Book » Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest enlarge Author:Matthew Restall Publisher:Oxford University Press Category:Book List Price: $19.99 Buy New: $11.90 as of 12/28/2014 07:47 EST details You Save: $8.09 (40%) In Stock New (34) Used (70) from $5.49 Seller:allnewbooks Sales Rank:64,121 Languages:English (Unknown), English (Original Language), English (Published) Media:Paperback Number Of Items:1 Edition:New Ed Pages:240 Shipping Weight (lbs):0.8 Dimensions (in):9.1 x 0.9 x 6.1 Publication Date:October 28, 2004 ISBN:0195176111 EAN:9780195176117 ASIN:0195176111 Availability:Usually ships in 1-2 business days Similar Items: Colonial Latin America Early Latin America: A History of Colonial Spanish America and Brazil (Cambridge Latin American Stud... Peoples and Empires: A Short History of European Migration, Exploration, and Conquest, from Greece t... Companion to Spanish Colonial Art at the Denver Art Museum The Jesuit Relations: Natives and Missionaries in Seventeenth-Century North America (Bedford Cultura... Editorial Reviews: SynopsisHere is an intriguing exploration of the ways in which the history of the Spanish Conquest has been misread and passed down to become popular knowledge of these events. The book offers a fresh account of the activities of the best-known conquistadors and explorers, including Columbus, Cortés, and Pizarro. Using a wide array of sources, historian Matthew Restall highlights seven key myths, uncovering the source of the inaccuracies and exploding the fallacies and misconceptions behind each myth. This vividly written and authoritative book shows, for instance, that native Americans did not take the conquistadors for gods and that small numbers of vastly outnumbered Spaniards did not bring down great empires with stunning rapidity. We discover that Columbus was correctly seen in his lifetime--and for decades after--as a briefly fortunate but unexceptional participant in efforts involving many southern Europeans. It was only much later that Columbus was portrayed as a great man who fought against the ignorance of his age to discover the new world. Another popular misconception--that the Conquistadors worked alone--is shattered by the revelation that vast numbers of black and native allies joined them in a conflict that pitted native Americans against each other. This and other factors, not the supposed superiority of the Spaniards, made conquests possible.The Conquest, Restall shows, was more complex--and more fascinating--than conventional histories have portrayed it. Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest offers a richer and more nuanced account of a key event in the history of the Americas. CERTAIN CONTENT THAT APPEARS ON THIS SITE COMES FROM AMAZON SERVICES LLC. THIS CONTENT IS PROVIDED 'AS IS' AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE OR REMOVAL AT ANY TIME. Brought to you by American Poems Categories •Apparel •Appliances •Arts & Crafts •Automotive •Baby •Beauty •Books •Computers •DVD •Electronics •Gourmet Food •Grocery •Health •Home & Garden •Industrial & Science •Jewelry •Kindle eBooks •Kitchen •Magazines •Miscellaneous •Mobile Apps •MP3 Downloads •Music •Musical Instruments •Office Products •Outdoor Living •Pet Supplies •Photo & Camera •Shoes •Software •Sporting Goods •Tools & Hardware •Toys •VHS •Video On Demand •PC & Video Games •Watches •Wireless •Wireless Accessories


text:
Park Tool Universal Crown Race Puller - CRP-1View Larger Image
- Detail Images
The crown jewel of pullers.
Perhaps Park's coolest looking tool. Using a CRP-1 Crown Race Remover is the only way to remove a crown race from a fork without deforming the race and/or messing up the finish of your fork crown.


text:
Tag: Clock Pro HD
A clock of all trades for your iPad
There's no shortage of clocks and timers for the iPad. One of the most complete is Clock Pro for the iPad, which is on sale this weekend for US$1.99. Clock Pro is an alarm clock and uses notifications so you can get that important wake-up alert without leaving the app running. There is both an ...
A roundup of clock apps for the iPad
One of the more surprising app omissions from the iPad was the iPhone's Clock app. It's an extremely useful iPhone app, featuring a world clock, alarm, timer, and stopwatch. Why Apple didn't choose to add this app to the iPad is a mystery for the ages, but at least it's opened up the market for some...
Subscribe to Newsletter
Software Updatesmore updates
- Dropbox adds file/folder renaming and Office document editing to iOS app
- Vizzywig 8xHD price tag now a very affordable $49.99
- Automatic targets teen drivers with License+ service
- Dropbox adds support for TouchID
- YouTube for iOS gets updated with full support for iPhone 6 and 6 Plus
- iOS 8.0.1 update now available (Updated -- Don't update!)


text:
Holiday Cheer
FCHUM staff pictured to the right – Stephanie Hodge (ADC Dir), Renee Bryant (IFAC Dir), and Ron Loughry (Exec. Dir) - getting a break for a carriage ride at the Highview Holiday Fest, Friday, December 5th . Several hundred people came and enjoyed this wonderful evening of free family fun provided by the Highview Business Association, Metro Councilman James Peden, and FCHUM.
Holiday Cheer
It is that time of year again when we provide Christmas assistance to children in our community. Please examine the attached Holiday Cheer information for details. We have already over 300 children signed up for assistance. More families are still making requests. We have been blessed with great response from our donors already. At this point we are looking at about 80 children who still need adopted. (But there could end up being more.) Please get in touch with our Individual & Family Assistance Center (IFAC) as soon as possible. Thank you for all your support! Download this PDF with more details!
Who We Are
Fern Creek/Highview United Ministries (FCHUM) is a not-for-profit social service agency founded in 1988 by 10 local churches in the Louisville, Kentucky area. A group of representatives from 10 different churches met and made a commitment to move beyond their denominational ties to work together to meet the needs of our community. Today, FCHUM is supported by area churches representing a large cross-section of different denominations working together who help make many significant contributions within the community on a daily basis. Read more about FCHUM
Yoga and FCHUM
Have you ever had an experience that unfolded seamlessly leaving no doubt that it was meant to be? That has been my experience with the Fern Creek yoga classes.
My journey began when Laura Spaulding, my yoga teacher, offered me the opportunity to enter a special Yoga East teacher training. It would be tuition free on one condition. I must agree to volunteer teach one community class a week for one year. Prior to her proposition I had no interest in teaching yoga yet to my surprise I did not hesitate to accept the offer.
My vision was to bring a community class to Fern Creek, where I live. I wanted to give my neighbors a chance to try yoga. I wanted to share with them the joys and tools yoga has given me.
Around the same time my teacher training began the Fern Creek Highview United Ministries built a lovely new facility near my home. Frequently as I drove past it a little voice would say, "That would be a great spot for the class. They're bound to have a room we could use. We could charge for the class and donate the class fees to the ministry." I was convinced this was the place to start.
Armed with great optimism I made an appointment with Rev. Ron Loughry, the director of the ministry. I pitched the idea of the ministry sponsoring the class. Ron immediately agreed and offered a room in the building for the class. We decided to ask for a $3 donation from each attendee and we were off. The first class was held on October 4, 2010.
One Monday about four months into the class I realized we were outgrowing the space. As I stood pondering my dilemma the next blessing appeared. Jean Henle, manager of the Fern Creek Community Center, decided that night to attend her first class. She walked in, looked around, and commented that we needed a larger space. She offered us the room where we now meet. Not only did we move the next week but we added a second gentle class.
Four years later we are going strong. Combined weekly attendance is about 40 folks. We have built a wonderful yoga community. Week after week folks tell me how they are incorporating yoga into their lives. Not just in the form of poses but by using the breath and the principles yoga teaches to help navigate life's ups and downs.
Eventually the fee was raised to five dollars. Three dollars is still donated to the ministry and a portion is donated to the community center's maintenance fund. The little bit that is left goes to help buy props and pay for my ongoing teacher training.
The icing on the cake is in the four years we have been meeting the Monday yoga classes have donated $10,370 to the Fern Creek Highview United Ministries.
Due to my experience with the Monday yoga I was inspired to complete the higher level yoga training. This in turn opened the door to more experiences and wonderful people than I could begin to explain here. My cup runneth over!
With all my heart I am thankful to Laura Spaulding for her desire to bring yoga to the community, to Ron Loughry for his faith in me, to Jean Henle for her generosity and to each and every one of you who have made this wonderful experience possible.
All I have left to say is a big, loud.. Tah Dah! See you in class! Bev Hurt
From Rev. Ron Loughry, Executive Director of FCHUM
FCHUM Ministries News - Volume 16 Issue 2 - Autumn Holiday 2014 - Last year FCHUM celebrated its 25th anniversary, last year one of our churches celebrated their 100th anniversary. This year one church is celebrating 50 years, another 60 years of service and worship. These are significant events, milestones, passages along our journey. They help us note where we have been and where we are going. While FCHUM continues to provide assistance each and every day, we do think about the future. How can we be the best stewards of the resources entrusted to us from you and others?
Read more...
Louisville's Best Bang For The Buck
Community Partnerships Make the Impossible – Possible - THANK YOU ....
... for $1,868,445 in grants to help make Louisville a stronger more vibrant compassionate community for all who live, work, learn and play in this great city! - from THE ASSOCIATION OF COMMUNITY MINISTRIES
Contact UsFern Creek Highview United Ministries
9300 Beulah Church Rd.
Louisville, KY 40291
Telephone: 502-762-9608
Click here for other contact options
Our Vision
Coming together to make a difference!
Find what you're looking for more quickly by searching our site content.
Copyright @ 2012 - 2014 Fern Creek Highview United Ministries, Louisville, KY, USA
All Rights, Domestic and International, Reserved
Site Developed and Managed by LongviewNET


text:
Spring 2007
E 387R • Greatest Hits: Composition Studies
Course Description
The 2001 MLA Ad Hoc Committee on Teaching's "Final Report" calls for: new goals for the teaching of English and foreign languages based on a revised concept of literacy--the literacy of critical thinking combined with discourse skills that result in effective communication in multiple social and technological contexts.
Critical thinking, discourse skills, effective communication--these are traditionally the bailiwick of composition instruction. Equally traditionally, such instruction is the responsibility of English Departments directly (they are English courses) or indirectly (almost all of the teaching is done by people with or pursuing graduate degrees in English). Yet, there is often a profound ambivalence about the place of such courses in English Departments. Often central to an English Department's undergraduate mission, enrollment, and, hence, funding, the teaching of composition is equally often simultaneously marginalized in terms of prestige, staffing policies, and resources, sometimes by choice, sometimes by administrative mandate.
Interestingly enough, this is not a new phenomenon. In Plato's Gorgias, the speakers argue about these people who claim to be teaching "wisdom"--as part of their instruction, they teach young men how to make effective speeches, or "rhetoric." The argument digresses into various other topics-- whether the kind of power this skill imparts is really worth having; whether effective communication is inherently pandering and therefore shameful; whether, on the other hand, the study of ideas and contemplation of beauty is feminizing and unmanly; whether this pursuit is really honorable for a young man, or if there isn't something else much more prestigious, challenging, and systematic that he might study instead; whether making speeches is simply a "knack" or a true discipline; whether education should be seen as training for economic and political power.
In other words, the initially simple question--should a young man study rhetoric with this person Gorgias--opens up a series of other questions about the content, ethics, and consequences of the teaching of communication. What do we teach when we teach writing? How do we teach it? Why should we teach it? Who should teach it? What are the consequences of various pedagogies? How do we know if we're having any effect, or what effect we're having? In this course, students will read various writers who have pursued these questions.


text:
Zebrano, an urban bunker of cool, understands that you need to take refuge from streets of Soho. The seductive red surroundings are enhanced by luxurious leather booth seating, creating an intimate space perfect for a confidential tête-à-tête, as well as parties of any size for the hedonists out there. The devil's in the detail at Zebrano, with exception drinks, great food and friendly staff creating an unbeatable party atmosphere that oozes cool. An innovative, colourful cocktail list should get the party started. With a host of resident DJ's mixing the eclectic with the uplifting every night of the week, and a 1am license on Fridays and Saturdays, you'll feel like your weekend is never over.
This content has been supplied by Zebrano
£26 to £40
This content has been supplied by Zebrano
Venue Details & Map
- Address
14 - 16 Ganton Street
SohoLondonW1F 7BT
- Public transport:
- Oxford Circus, Underground
Ranked #3,024
Loading reviews for Zebrano
Are you a representative of Zebrano?
Respond to Reviews
Read more reviews on TripAdvisor
About TripAdvisor and Visit London
Please be advised that any comments, opinions and statements submitted herewith are entirely independent and do not represent views held by, or are in any way connected to visitlondon.com.


text:
TRUST, plus popscene DJs
Thu, April 12, 2012
9:30 pm
Rickshaw Stop
This event is 18 and overhttp://www.rickshawstop.com/event/100553/
"Devonté Hynes is Blood Orange, also known by his Lightspeed Champion alias, and as a former member of Test Icicles. He first started recording as Blood Orange in 2008 in Brooklyn, New York, releasing several demos in 2009 via his personal blog. In terms of side projects and unofficial material Dev Hynes must be amongst the most prolific in the game right now. His accumulative discography would dwarf acts who have been around twice as long and he's launched yet another project. Blood Orange is a lo-fi lounge pop outfit, not a million miles from Lightspeed Champion but one that moves away from the latters alternative country tendencies. Regardless of his stage name, Dev is a multi-talented songwriter, composer and musician from the UK whose new moniker, Blood Orange, is a fresh sound of pop and surf. Dev says he sings differently on this record, much more calculated and it has its own life to it. Equipped with his guitar and black Macbook, Dev seamlessly guides through a storybook of songs for his live shows, most of which would cause one to dance; an energetic display of melodramatic lyrics and bouncy beats." --Last.fm
Born out of desperation in the brutal Canadian winter of 2009, Robert Alfons and Maya Postepski began writing songs about nostalgia, lust, and erotomania. TRUST combine dark synth arpeggios, live and programmed drum beats with haunting, effected vocals. What begins in the genre of minimal synth progresses into a sort of slow-techno that is equal parts introspective cold-wave and extroverted 808 dance beats. Their debut video directed by Eva Michon, shows a playful side to the duo as they ride around nature on a motorbike together, later though, it hints at the pair's darker undercurrent when an Equus inspired incident unfolds. "Candy Walls" is a gorgeous and unapologetically sexual debut, which will be heavily blogged about. It's an undeniable beat matched with a stunning and unique aesthetic.
Facebook comments:
Venue Information:
Rickshaw Stop
155 Fell St
San Francisco, CA, 94102
Rickshaw Stop
155 Fell St
San Francisco, CA, 94102


text:
First Night
Welcome the New Year with "First Night Boston 2012"
December 31, 2011 On Saturday, December 31st we'll be saying goodbye to the year 2011 and hello to the year 2012! Now, if you are looking for something fun to do on this special day, […]
Artist Puts Finishing Touches On First Night Ice Sculptures
Ice sculptor Eric Fontecchio is transforming blocks of ice into art in his Brookline studio.
Local Artist Creates Official Painting For First Night Boston
Fay Chandler of Boston has created the official painting of the 2012 First Night celebration. Her work will appear on 70,000 buttons and 600 posters.
Business Headlines: Robot Nation; First Night Funding
Robots haven't quite yet taken over the world, but they're definitely growing, at least in the Boston area.
Large Crowds Expected For First Night Boston
One million people could be coming to Boston for the 35th annual First Night celebration Friday.
What's Up This Weekend
Looking for something to do this holiday weekend? Here are some ideas.
First Night Efforts Go Into Overdrive As NYE Nears
As the final hour of 2010 approaches, First Night artists and organizers are entering "crunch time", and there's still a lot of work to do.
First Night Ice Sculptures Taking Shape
Some of First Night 2011's coolest attractions are taking shape right now in Boston Common.
First Night 2011 Jazz Performers
Boston will welcome the new year with First Night 2011, and right now, dozens of musical groups are tuning up for their performances.
College Picks For New Year's Eve In Boston
Looking for a New Year's Eve bash for you and your friends? Check out some of the hottest nighclubs in Boston that will be ringing in the New Year in style.


text:
As a way to thank customers for their support and to celebrate 33 years of scooping some of the tastiest ice cream, frozen yogurt and sorbet, Ben & Jerry's scoop shops are hosting a FREE Cone Day today, April 12th. Head over to your closet scoop shop from Noon-8PM to get your free cone! There […]
$2 OFF Puppy Chow Coupon {Plus other freebies for you & your dog}
Join the Puppy Chow® Healthy Start Program to receive advice customized to your puppy's age, fun pictures and videos of puppies like yours, monthly emails packed with articles and a $2 off coupon! Click Here
Free Chick-Fil-A Sausage Biscuit 4/7/11 {HOUSTON AREA ONLY}
Two more Thursdays are left for a free breakfast item at Chick-fil-A. Free Breakfast Thursdays feature a free breakfast item from 6 a.m. to 10:30 a.m.: April 7: free Sausage Biscuit April 14: free Chick-fil-A Chick-n Minis (3 count) 1 free breakfast item per person, per day and while supplies last. Valid at participating greater […]
Free Sample of Lanacane Anti Chafing Gel
Free Craft E Book – Cupcake Themed Crafts
Free Craft eBook: 31 Cupcake Inspired Creations featuring 31 cupcake-themed craft projects to make, from home decor and jewelry to gifts and cards. Click Here


text:
© 2012
They still lament on the Internet
that the guru deluded them,
took their money, faked enlightenment
ate chicken on the side,
fucked vulnerable women while sycophants
stood guard on his porch in Queens
all the while preaching
vegetarianism and celibacy and
posing as the last and greatest avatar
ever to walk on earth
higher than Muhammad
greater than the Buddha
bigger than Christ for christ's sake.
I too believed for a while
or suspended disbelief
longer than I might have
because the one thing I knew for sure
was that I did not know the ultimate
and could not know whether
this man … so charismatic
in those rapt and silent nights
knew god as he claimed
… or not, or not, or not as the
gospel of the burned so burns online
and that I too accept because
lies and fraud cannot be concealed forever
and no way are all those women lying
even if dead chickens tell no tales.
And yet the loyalists
the last most fervent ones
those women in saris and men in white
still trek to Queens from far flung lands
and tarry there with yearning hearts
and walk up Normal Road
amid the sirens and the garbage
on sauna afternoons and bow
with folded hands and onyx eyes
at Aspiration Ground
and talk in Pondicherry tongues
and eat fast food as holy prasad
and ask no questions
lest they fall to darkness
and I feel for them
these earnest ones who served him so
and shared not in the money
and sang for him and pressed his garments
and believed his flesh would not decay
as he lay unbalmed upon his altar
and stank like any corpse
would stink in the autumn air
that too explained by the
ever-changing mysteries of god,
and the gravity of blind obedience
- for hungry souls are easy prey
and truth no match for faith.
It was not fake what I felt there
in those Jamaica Hills
the peace that swept all else away
on long and longing nights
and let us hold the earth again
and rise and serve in quiet ways
nor was he wholly bogus
there on his high stage.
He brought real gifts from east to west
and shared them for a time
until he loved his realm too much
and snared himself as men will do.
I shudder at the karma of any man
who would equate himself with god
or abuse his flock for private gain
but I hold no grudge against him
nor wish any restitution from those days.
Free will is the grandest trick of all
the genius of the gods
playing no favour on whom it falls.
All men fail to some extent and none can
barter with the grave or what may lie
beyond it. I chose him as my teacher and
he taught me well as teachers always do
that only I can seek the truth
and only I can find it.
© 2012]]>
c 2012]]>
worse than the glimpse
I caught that night
of the mother
and the small ones
on the Limebank Road
a flash in the headlights
the brakes too late
the cursing
if only the developers
had come the fall before
wrecked the farm
a season earlier
diverted that creek
beneath the maples
they would not have been there
scurrying so, the fur
the terror, those small
bright eyes
the rains washed the stains away
and the skid marks over time
everything but that sound.
c 2011]]>
Some things are never true,
like finding god.
Some things become true over time,
like finding god approximately,
and some things are true from
the exact moment they hit the earth,
like Johnny Cash's voice
in I walk the line. It still
fills my head in the same way
it crackled from the old black radio
in my father's kitchen
the same hard box that said
JFK was shot and
Cassius Clay beat Sonny Liston.
That radio was true
but not as true as Johnny Cash
in I walk the line.
Nothing was ever just that true again.
Alden Nowlan came close
and he's not finished yet,
though he's been dead since 1983.
I still hear his post-cancer voice
- like truck bolts falling down
a pipe at night - true in a
hoarse and rattling way.
Poems could have hidden in there
whether he wrote them down or not.
I hardly dared turn when he passed
in the Telegraph-Journal news room,
too shy to ask for autographs
of the books I bought at
the little store on King Street.
If truck drivers ever read poetry, he said,
they would start with his.
I never drove a truck but
that line runs through his poems.
When Alden sat with John Diefenbaker
in the basement of the Hartland Observer
in the 1950s
and listened to the great man
read his own words aloud
from a back issue of the newspaper,
I think he saw what I did
many years later on Parliament Hill,
a vainglorious trembling man
with a handshake like a shark's mouth
and eyes so blue they drained the sky.
Dief was his own god
and everything else was props -
one Canada, roads to resources,
the buffalo head in his office.
He was riveting - I'd pay to
watch him in the Commons again
but he was a man with no pure line.
© 2011]]>
© 2011]]>
© 2011]]>
Why is it I feel shame
for small things long ago?
Things I have not even done?
I stumbled on a neighbor
in the woods, saw the blood
upon the moss and heard a
strangeness in his voice.
I knew at once he had
shot a deer out of season,
the carcass barely dead
somewhere close
in the under brush.
He sat on his tractor,
gripping the wheel and stared
at the gun in my hands.
"Seen any partridge?" he asked,
and I felt the ice in his eyes.
"Not yet," I said, and turned
toward the abandoned farm,
almost ran down the path
through the fragrant fir
and birches. And still,
after all this time, the man
long dead in his grave,
those eyes burn after me.
© 2011]]>
© 2011]]>


text:
Banakar, Reza (2003) Merging law and sociology: beyond the dichotomies in socio-legal research. Mobility and norm change, 5 . Galda and Wilch, Berlin, Germany. ISBN 9783931397470
Full text not available from this repository.
|Item Type:
|Research Community:
|University of Westminster > Law, School of
|ID Code:
|Deposited On:
|14 May 2007
|Last Modified:
|21 Oct 2009 09:52
Repository Staff Only: item control page


text:
You'll get more than 50 low-calorie menus as an Allrecipes Pro.
Recipe of the Day
Red Bean Salad with Feta and Peppers
A tasty, nutrient-packed salad that can be eaten by itself or as a side dish. Makes a great lunch the next day too! Add more lemon juice and olive oil if you like your salad to have a lot of dressing. Use garbanzo beans in place of kidney beans if you prefer.
Similar Recipes | More Daily Recipes
Enjoy fresh salmon with tangy fruit salsa, an elegant 600-calorie meal.
Low-Calorie Recipe Collections10
300 Calorie Main Dishes
Low-Calorie Main Dishes
Low-Calorie Side Dishes
Low-Calorie Desserts
200 Calorie Main Dishes
Low-Calorie Appetizers
Low-Calorie Salads
Low-Calorie Breakfast and Brunch
100 Calorie Main Dishes
100 Calorie Snacks
Staff Picks
Beer Lime Grilled Chicken
Grilled Portobellos Sauteed in Wine
Zucchini Boats on the Grill
Fruity Fun Skewers
Tasty Collard Greens
Brick-Oven Pizza (Brooklyn Style)
Grilled Asparagus
Thai Beef
Low-Calorie Recipes
Quinoa and Black Beans
Fluffy French Toast
Homemade Black Bean Veggie Burgers
Roasted Brussels Sprouts
Amazing Pork Tenderloin in the Slow Cooker
Grandma's Green Bean Casserole
Szechwan Shrimp
Sarah's Applesauce
Baked Honey Mustard Chicken
Baked Asparagus with Balsamic Butter Sauce
Roasted Garlic Cauliflower
Refried Beans Without the Refry
Lemon Garlic Tilapia
Baked Kale Chips
Spaghetti Squash I
Chicken Breasts Pierre
Roasted Vegetables
Honey Roasted Red Potatoes
Pretzel Turtles
Chocolate Crinkles II
Magnificent main dishes for your holiday table are here, from roast beef to a Christmas goose.
Dozens and dozens of appetizers perfect for the winter season.
Delicious recipes, party ideas, and cooking tips! Get a year of Allrecipes magazine for $5!
See all you can do with this centuries-old super grain.
See how to can your own fruits and vegetables so you can enjoy them year-round.


text:
What does ATM mean in Unclassified?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand ATM in the Miscellaneous field in general and in the Unclassified terminology in particular.
A Asynchronous Transmission Modulation
Find a translation for ATM in other languages:
Select another language:
What does ATM mean?
- automated-teller machine.
Discuss this ATM abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
"ATM." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2014. Web. 20 Dec. 2014. <http://www.abbreviations.com/term/306235>.
ATM also stands for:
... and 105 more »
Nearby & related abbreviations:
Alternative search:
- Search A Asynchronous Transmission Modulation on Amazon.com
- Search A Asynchronous Transmission Modulation on Google


text:
Made it through PTA last night
Find a Conversation
|Fri, 01-23-2009 - 11:10am
Normally my W and I attend all of the Parent Teacher conferences for our girls. Last night I did it solo and I made it through.
A couple of the teachers mentioned that my middle daughter, Julie, seems a bit "off". I explained that we are just over the holidays and she will be fine.
My oldest two are still well, thank God, and my youngest is starting to pay attention more. Sarah is the social butterfly of the family. She is smart and funny. This girl has my gift of "Blarney"...
I came out of school and my FIL was waiting for me.
|Fri, 01-23-2009 - 11:32am
Hi Jack,
I haven't posted here in a few days...I have also been trying to survive the week now that H is back in town.
|Fri, 01-23-2009 - 11:40am
The first parent teacher conference after Dday was difficult for me too. I did pull the teacher aside and filled her in on the situation so if anything came up( behavior problems, crying, drop in grades/study habits) that she would be aware of the underlying problem. And if you think about it, the teachers see and spend a lot of time with your children and can pick up on subtle things that could lead to larger issues. I did ask that the conversation remain confidential. My child's teacher was very kind and happy to keep an extra eye on my child---it really helped. He did have some anger and behavior changes that we were able to deal with promptly. He has cried at school, and you know as a 4th grade boy, that is so not cool in front of your peers.
|Fri, 01-23-2009 - 3:27pm
I have been wondering how you are doing. Have you spoken to DH yet?
I hope that you are well. Remember we WILL get through this. It is not an option to fail. We will succeed in WHATEVER choices we make.
We are smart, intelligent and worth alot more than we are given credit for.
|Fri, 01-23-2009 - 3:30pm
I was thinking about telling the teahcers what was going on but with 4 daughters and atleast 12 teachers involved I don't want the whole town to know. I don't want my girls be teased and taunted.
I am still struggling with this one. I may take it as a wait and see item.
|Sat, 01-24-2009 - 12:51am
Jack and SocialGirl2006, it warms my heart to see each of you say "we WILL get through this" to one another!


text:
An Iranian immigrant on the lessons he learned from George and Weezie
News of Sherman Hemsley's death two weeks ago at the age of 74 hit hard around these parts. My mother called to share the news, and to offer the traditional Iranian blessing for the dead. George Jefferson fot kard, khoda biamorz. There was no need to explain the sentiment behind the call, which I understood immediately. Nearly 40 years after immigrating from Iran, she and my father remembered more than just a television show or a source of nostalgia. The Jeffersons had been an important part of our beginning here in the United States, of how we became Americans.
The Jeffersons debuted in January 1975 and was already a hit by the time we arrived in March of that same year. My folks had left Iran, not for a deluxe apartment in the sky but a modest condominium in the middle of the country. One (very bulky) TV, four channels, and no remote was the setup in our new home, as it was in most households in those days, and it was not long before George and Weezie became part of our viewing routine.
The lack of choice made it easy for us to pick up the thread, to feel included instantly. Nearly one-third of all Americans were tuning in each week to watch The Jeffersons that year. Television is regularly blamed for the decline of civic and associational life in this country, but during the '70s and '80s, before basic cable and satellite scattered viewers into a million little demographics, weekly broadcasts of a show like The Jeffersons provided a shared, collective, and national experience.
Already, intuitively, we understood that the story being told at 185 East 85th Street was our own. Movin' on up meant moving away, an agony recapitulated each week during the show's opening credits, by the image of Louise wiping away her tears, the close-up of George gripping his wife's hand. George and Louise had left the old neighborhood for the new, crossing over from Queens into Manhattan on the 59th Street Bridge for a better life on the other side. Making it in America, making it in terms of the American dream, was compromised for George and Louise by their loss, and it was here that The Jeffersons showed us where the American and immigrant experiences converged. Because of who they were, and where they came from, the Jeffersons could never feel like they fully belonged in tony Upper East Side, or what my father liked to refer to as Grey Poupon society. The past pulled on them, and although neither ever forgot where they came from, the longer George and Louise stayed away from the old neighborhood the less they knew of their old selves.
Of course The Jeffersons, like its parent show All in the Family, was hardly the usual depiction of the American experience on network television. It waded into treacherous and uncertain waters, pulling its viewers into currents of class and race avoided by most network shows. The confluence of these forces left in its wake vocabulary and expressions unlikely to be taught to us in any ESL or citizenship classes, and impossible to imagine being used on a broadcast network today: Honkey, zebra, nigg—, goin' to the john, she's a fox.
Still, for all that The Jeffersons taught us about what American was and could be, there was also something very Persian and accessible about the show, not least of which was the acid back-and-forth between George and Florence (George: "Florence, your cooking tastes like dogfood." Florence: "That's because I'm cooking for a chihuahua."), an American version of the Iranian custom of matalak goftan, or trash-talking.
We also recognized the familiar in George's willingness to put on airs if it meant seizing an advantage against a rival or gaining one from a potential patron, backing down only when it became clear that his honor or family's well-being was at risk. It was easy to mistake George's hustle as symptoms of a gratuitous and crass materialism, but in reality his endless striving, the relentless quest to impress the Wittendales of the world or to get into a posh tennis club, even though he had no clue or interest in the sport, was always about survival. Money, in George's mind, represented the best defense against discrimination. "Let me tell you something about people," George tells his old adversary Archie Bunker at a cocktail party. "That bartender's willing to work for me because if you got enough green in your pocket, then black becomes his favorite color."
- 1
- 2
- > >
- Single Page