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431 - Combustion
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|Class / Patent application number
|Number of patent applications / Date published
|Controlling or proportioning feed
|Flame shaping, or distributing components in combustion zone
|Starting or shutdown procedure
|Heating feed
|Feeding flame modifying additive
|Burning waste gas, e.g., furnace gas, etc.
|In a porous body or bed, e.g., surface combustion, etc.
|Decarbonizing, cleaning or purging
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A COMBUSTOR - A system for operating a combustor includes a sensor that measures an operating parameter associated with the combustor and generates a signal reflective of the operating parameter. The operating parameter is reflective of an ash deposition rate or an accumulated ash buildup. A controller receives the signal, compares the signal to a predetermined limit, and generates a control signal. A method for operating a combustor includes operating the combustor at a first power level that produces a first temperature that is less than or equal to a first predetermined temperature and creating a layer of ash. The method further includes measuring an operating parameter reflective of an ash deposition rate or an accumulated ash buildup, comparing the operating parameter to a limit, and operating the combustor at a second power level that produces a second temperature that is greater than or equal to the first predetermined temperature.
|RENEWABLE ENERGY MICROGENERATION SYSTEM - A renewable energy microgeneration system is disclosed. The system includes a portable processing container with a mixing tank for mixing waste with a liquid, a macerating pump in fluid communication with the mixing tank that is configured to macerate the waste into smaller pieces, a plurality of small holding tanks in fluid communication with the mixing tank that are configured to perform at least one of a pasteurization thermophilic anaerobic digestion on the waste, a large holding tank in fluid communication with the plurality of small holding tanks that is configured to perform mesophilic anaerobic digestion on the waste after at least one of a pasteurization thermophilic anaerobic digestion is performed on the waste, and a de-watering unit in fluid communication with the large holding tank that is configured to dry what remains of the waste after mesophilic anaerobic digestion is performed on the waste; a controller for automating the flow of the waste between the mixing tank, the plurality of small holding tanks, the large holding tank, and the de-watering unit such that a user does not need to complete any tasks for performing mesophilic anaerobic digestion after the waste is loaded into the mixing tank; and a portable gas storage container comprising a gas storage tank that is configured to store biogas generated by the mesophilic anaerobic digestion, wherein the portable processing container and the portable gas storage container are configured to be transported to a site and placed in fluid communication with each other so the gas storage tank can store biogas generated by mesophilic anaerobic digestion in the processing container at the site.
|High velocity burner apparatus and method - A high velocity burner apparatus and method includes an air intake funnel and an air-fluid mixer connected with the air intake funnel. A fluid input is connected with the air-fluid mixer. A magnetic tube container with an entrance and an exit is provided where the entrance is connected with the air-fluid mixer and where the magnetic tube container includes a plurality of individual magnetic tubes connected within the magnetic tube container such that adjacent magnetic tubes are misaligned with each other. An air suction device is connected with the exit of the magnetic tube container such that suction is applied through the magnetic tube container to the air intake funnel and a burner device is connected with the air suction device for burning fluid that passes through the magnetic tube container.
|FLAMELESS COMBUSTION HEATER - A flameless combustion heater is described, that comprises an oxidation conduit and a fuel conduit positioned within the oxidation conduit to form an oxidation zone having an inlet and an outlet, said fuel conduit having a plurality of openings that provide fluid communication from within the fuel conduit to the oxidation conduit wherein the longitudinal axis of at least one opening forms an oblique angle with the inner surface of the oxidation conduit. A method for providing heat to a process conduit is described, that comprises providing an oxidation conduit; providing a fuel conduit having a plurality of openings that provide fluid communication from within the fuel conduit to the oxidation conduit wherein the longitudinal axis of at least one opening forms an oblique angle with the inner surface of the oxidation conduit; providing a process conduit in a heat exchange relationship with the oxidation conduit; introducing fuel into the fuel conduit; introducing an oxidant into the oxidation conduit; and introducing the fuel into the oxidation conduit through the plurality of openings such that flameless combustion occurs in the oxidation conduit.
|PRODUCING AGEING GAS FOR EXHAUST GAS AFTER-TREATMENT SYSTEMS - The invention relates to a process of producing ageing gas for ageing components for the after-treatment of exhaust gas in a burner which comprises a combustion chamber with at least one fuel injection nozzle and with a combustion gas supply system with means for generating swirl, wherein the swirl of the combustion air is set as a function of the selected combustion air ratio λ.
|AUTOMATED FLARE CONTROL - Methods and apparatus relate to control of smoke suppressant flow rate to a flare that disposes of combustible gas, such as waste from refineries and chemical plants. One or more detectors produce signals that enable separate monitoring of both particulate emissions from the flare and combustion efficiency of the flare. Adjusting the flow rate of the smoke suppressant to the flare in response to such dual monitoring facilitates operation of the flare so as to manage environmental pollution caused by unburned volatile organic compounds and smoke emitted from the flare.
|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STARTING UP GASIFYING REACTORS OPERATED WITH COMBUSTIBLE DUST - The invention relates to a method for starting up a gasifying reactor comprising a plurality of burners. Each burner is thereby charged with combustible dust from a metering vessel (
|APPARATUSES FOR CONTROLLING HEAT FOR RAPID THERMAL PROCESSING OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL AND METHODS FOR THE SAME - Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material are provided herein. The apparatus comprises a reactor, a reheater for forming a fluidized bubbling bed comprising an oxygen-containing gas, inorganic heat carrier particles, and char and for burning the char into ash to form heated inorganic particles. An inorganic particle cooler is in fluid communication with the reheater. The inorganic particle cooler comprises a shell portion and a tube portion. The inorganic particle cooler is configured such that the shell portion receives a portion of the heated inorganic particles and the tube portion receives a cooling medium for indirect heat exchange with the portion of the heated inorganic particles to form partially-cooled heated inorganic particles.
|Spill proof alcohol burner - A portable alcohol burner is designed to use ethanol as a fuel for indoor/outdoor settings. The burner has a fuel chamber filled with ceramic fiber filler permeated with alcohol. A perforated baffle cage is fitted in the housing and is completely surrounded by the filler material. As alcohol vapors escape from the fuel chamber and rise through the perforations in the baffle cage they can be ignited to create a desired pleasing flame pattern.
|Combustion System Using Recycled Flue Gas to Boost Overfire Air - The present application and the resultant patent provide a combustion system. The combustion system may include a combustion chamber for combusting a flow of fuel and a flow of air to a flow of flue gases, an overfire air system in communication with the combustion chamber, and a flue gas return line in communication with the overfire air system such that a recycled flue gas flow mixes with an overtire air flow before entry into the combustion chamber.
|COMBUSTOR AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING FUEL TO A COMBUSTOR - A combustor includes an end cap having upstream and downstream surfaces and a cap shield surrounding the upstream and downstream surfaces. First and second sets of premixer tubes extend from the upstream surface through the downstream surface. A first fuel conduit supplies fuel to the first set of premixer tubes. A casing circumferentially surrounds the cap shield to define an annular passage, and a second fuel conduit supplies fuel through the annular passage to the second set of premixer tubes. A method for supplying fuel to a combustor includes flowing a working fluid through first and second sets of premixer tubes, flowing a first fuel into the first set of premixer tubes, and flowing a second fuel through an annular passage surrounding the end cap and into the second set of premixer tubes.
|FUEL COMPOSITIONS AND FUEL THICKENERS, INCLUDING MONOGLYCERIDES - Various aspects of the present invention generally relate to the field of rheologically modified fuels, including hydrocarbon, hydrophobic, and/or liquid fuels such as alkane-based odorless mineral spirits, paraffin oil and biofuels such as mono-alkyl esters of medium to long chain (C
|COMPOSITE FUEL FOR FIRES - Various aspects of the present invention generally relate to a fuel composition, for example, that may be used as a fire starter for igniting barbecue charcoal, firewood, campfires, pellet stoves, and the like, and/or as a fuel material, e.g., for heating or cooking. A fuel composition is described in some embodiments that includes corn cob particles and/or other plant-derived particles in which a liquid fuel has been absorbed. The fuel composition may be used as a fuel material and/or to initiate combustion of a regular fuel material such as charcoal, firewood and pellet stove fuel.
|Portable, self-contained fire and water decorative display - A portable, self-contained fire and water apparatus for decorative display. A fireplace for outdoor use in aquatic locations such as a pool, pond or lake. A device that produces a gas flame that burns on the waters surface. The device can be further be enhanced with optional ornamental or informational attachments such as a dragon igniting flaming waters or a sports team helmet floating in a pool surrounded by flames. A method of displaying a decorative or informational display employing a gas flame that burns on a waters surface.
|FUEL FRACTIONATION USING MEMBRANE DISTILLATION - A method for fractionating a fuel includes heating the fuel and flowing it through hollow superhydrophobic membranes in a membrane module. Vapor from the fuel permeates the hydrophobic membranes and enters a distillate collection chamber, producing distilled fuel and residual fuel. The residual fuel is removed from the module and cooled. The cooled residual fuel is flowed through hollow tubes in the module and the distilled fuel is removed from the distillate collection chamber. Burning the distilled fuel reduces engine emissions. A fuel fractionation system includes a distillate collection chamber, hollow superhydrophobic membranes, hollow tubes and a distillate outlet. The hollow superhydrophobic membranes receive heated fuel and allow vapor from the heated fuel to permeate the membranes and enter the distillate collection chamber. The hollow tubes receive cooled residual fuel and are positioned to allow vapor in the distillate collection chamber to condense on outer surfaces of the hollow tubes.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FLATTENING A FLAME - A charge electrode configured to impart a time-varying majority charge on a flame and a shape electrode located outside the flame may be driven synchronously by a voltage source through time varying voltage(s). The flame may be flattened or compressed responsive to an electric field produced by the shape electrode acting on the charges imparted on the flame.
|GAS-FIRED RADIANT TUBE WITH INTERNAL RECUPERATOR - A single-ended, internally recuperated, radiant tube annulus system in which at least part of the heat recovery takes place within the furnace to which the system is attached and in which the oxidant and/or fuel are preheated not only by heat transfer from the exhaust gases, but also directly from the combustion process. The system includes a plurality of concentric radiant tubular members arranged in a manner providing an outer annular region in which the combustion process is carried out, an inner tubular member through which exhaust gases are exhausted from the system, and intermediate annular regions between the inner tubular member and the outer annular region through which preheated oxidant is provided to the outer annular region for the combustion process. In accordance with one embodiment of this invention, the internal recuperator is used as a fuel reformer.
|METAL POWDER IGNITION APPARATUS, METAL POWDER IGNITION METHOD, COMPACT METAL POWDER COMBUSTION APPARATUS AND METAL POWDER COMBUSTION METHOD USING WATER PLASMA - A metal powder ignition apparatus using water plasma is provided. The metal powder ignition apparatus includes an ignition apparatus for igniting and combusting metal powder by injecting the water plasma into a mixture of the metal powder and steam functioning as an oxidizer for burning the metal powder.
|FIRE IGNITION SYSTEM - Fire ignition systems, combustible ignition structures, and methods of manufacturing and using such systems and devices are disclosed herein. In various embodiments, a fire ignition system may include a combustible container and a combustible ignition structure removably insertable into an interior of the combustible container. In various embodiments, the combustible ignition structure may include a base having a top surface and a chimney extending from the top surface. In various embodiments, the chimney may have an inner flue, a top opening into the flue, and an aperture through a side of the chimney into the flue. Other embodiments may be disclosed herein.
|CRYOGENIC AIR SEPARATION METHOD AND SYSTEM - The present invention relates to a cryogenic air separation process that provides high pressure oxygen for an oxy-fired combustion of a fuel (e.g., a carbonaceous fuel). The air separation process can be directly integrated into a closed cycle power production process utilizing a working fluid, such as CO
|SORBENTS FOR COAL COMBUSTION - Sorbent compositions containing halogen and calcium are added to coal to mitigate the release of sulfur and/or other harmful elements, including mercury, into the environment during combustion of coal containing natural levels of mercury.
|CHEMICAL LOOPING COMBUSTION METHOD USING DUAL METAL COMPOUND OXIDE - A chemical looping combustion method using a dual metal compound oxide includes the following steps: a fuel material combusting with the dual metal compound oxide in a first reactor to obtain a metal product; supplying the metal product obtained in the first reactor into a second reactor, and the metal product reacting with the air in the second reactor to obtain the dual metal compound oxide; and, supplying the dual metal compound oxide obtained in the second reactor into the first reactor. The dual metal compound oxide used in the chemical looping combustion process has high oxidation rate as well as high reduction rate so as to increase the efficiency of the chemical looping combustion process.
|UTILIZING A DILUENT TO LOWER COMBUSTION INSTABILITIES IN A GAS TURBINE ENGINE - A method of influencing combustion dynamics, including measuring a combustion dynamics parameter, and controlling a diluent flow (
|Method and Apparatus for Monitoring Combustion Properties in an Interior of a Boiler - A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler of the type having walls comprising a plurality of parallel steam tubes separated by a metal membrane. First and second penetrations are provided in the metal membrane between adjacent tubes on opposite sides of the boiler. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic comprising a pitch collimating lens and a pitch relay lens, both residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch relay lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light is received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The strength of the collimated received beam of light is determined. At least one of the pitch collimating lens and the catch collimating lens may then be aligned to maximize the strength of the collimated received beam.
|Method and system for fuel gas combustion, and burner for use therein - Power cycle generation equipment is operated in a more efficient and economical manner by using an uncooled (and potentially uncleaned) fuel gas supplied to the equipment directly from a gasification process, i.e., without first quenching or pressurizing the gas. In one embodiment, a burner used in conjunction with the power cycle generation equipment accepts such fuel gas directly from a syngas generator (or perhaps after particulate removal). The burner preferably operates with fuel gas and oxidizer inputs reversed as compared to existing configuration.
|HOLLOW JET INJECTOR FOR LIQUID FUEL - The invention relates to a liquid fuel spray injector comprising a liquid fuel intake duct and a spray fluid intake duct, said liquid fuel intake duct comprising an element perforated with oblique channels for shaping said fuel into a hollow rotating jet before ejection from said injector, characterized in that the generatrix of each of said channels makes an angle of less than 10° with the liquid fuel intake direction. The injector is intended to form part of a burner, in particular for glass furnaces. The injector serves to obtain a significant reduction of NOx.
|Method for Carrying Out combined Burning in a Recovering Furnace - The invention relates to a burning method carried out in furnace provided with energy recovering means and burners, wherein a part of burners are embodied in the form of aero-combustible burners and the other part thereof are embodied in the form of oxy-combustible burners which are placed under the air ducts of the aero-combustible burners and carry out a staged combustion method.
|System and Method for Superadiabatic Counterflow Reactor - The present disclosure may disclose a system and method for superadiabatic counterflow reactors. The system may include a first channel configured to communicate gas in a first direction, a second channel formed adjacent the first channel and configured to communicate gas in a second direction, the second direction substantially opposite the first direction, and the first channel having a first heat source positioned such that gas flowing through the first channel preheats gas in the second channel and the second channel having a second heat source positioned such that gas flowing through the second channel preheats gas in the first channel.
|Removable Light-Off Port Plug for Use in Burners - An improved burner and a method for combusting fuel used in furnaces such as those found in steam cracking. The burner includes a burner tube having a downstream end and an upstream end, a burner tip adjacent a first opening in the furnace, so that combustion of the fuel takes place at the burner tip, a lighting chamber adjacent to the first opening in the furnace, and a removable lighting chamber plug having a shape effective to substantially fill the lighting chamber when positioned within the lighting chamber.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IGNITING A COMBUSTOR - An ignition system for a combustor includes an access port through a wall of the combustor and a laser outside the combustor and aligned with the access port to generate a beam along a path. A lens in the path of the beam focuses the beam at a focal point inside the combustor, and a shutter has a first position in the path and a second position out of the path. A method for igniting a combustor includes generating a beam along a path, focusing the beam to a focal point inside the combustor, and moving a shutter from a first position in the path to a second position outside of the path.
|Device And Method Of Combusting Solid Fuel With Oxygen - The present invention is a method of combustion of a solid fuel stream with oxygen. The present invention includes introducing a first stream, comprising a first portion of substantially pure oxygen, into a first conduit. The present invention includes introducing a second stream, comprising a solid fuel stream and a conveying media, into a second conduit, wherein the second conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit. The present invention includes introducing a third stream, comprising a second portion of substantially pure oxygen, into a third conduit, wherein the third conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit and the second conduit. The present invention includes igniting the first stream, the second stream, and the third stream as they exit the first conduit, the second conduit and the third conduit, in such a way as to create a flame. The present invention includes introducing a fourth stream, comprising a first portion of ballast gas, into a fourth conduit, wherein the fourth conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit, the second conduit, and the third conduit. The present invention includes introducing a fifth stream, comprising a second portion of ballast gas, into a fifth conduit, wherein the fifth conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit, the second conduit, the third conduit and the fourth conduit.
|Solid fuel compositions, processes for preparing solid fuel, and combustion processes - Solid fuel compositions consisting essentially of wet processed biomass are provided. Processes for preparing solid fuel are provided that can include pelletizing wet-processed biomass material. Combustion processes are provided that can include initiating combustion of a pelletized wet processed biomass material. Energy generation processes are included that can include gasifying a biomass pellet.
|Reducing Sulfur Gas Emissions Resulting from the Burning of Carbonaceous Fuels - A process for burning coal or other carbonaceous fuels captures sulfur and other undesirable compounds are captured and retained in non-reactive ceramic-like form after the combustion phase. The process involves addition of multiple element alkali powders and/or sorbents preferably containing oxidizing anions such as nitrates and nitrites, preferably based on calcium. In various embodiments, the remediation materials when applied in a complex powder and/or liquid containing multiple elements, result in higher sulfur capture than the materials would otherwise achieve on an individual basis. In a preferred embodiment, the sorbents contain elements that minimize or lower the melting point of the ash. This leads to lowered cohesiveness and toughness of the ash so that less ash builds up on the boiler and better heat transfer is obtained.
|THERMITE TORCH FORMULATION INCLUDING COMBINED OXIDIZERS - A thermite torch formulation that consists essentially of a metal fuel, a first oxidizer CuO, a second oxidizer MoO
|Process and Installation for Increasing the Burning Energy Produced by a Natural Fuel Gas - The invention refers to a process and an installation for increasing the burning energy of a natural fuel gas upon burning the same for domestic or industrial purposes. The process claimed by the invention for increasing the burning energy produced by the natural fuel gas is characterized in that it comprises the steps of supplying the natural gas into a treatment chamber confined by a cylindrical-shaped wall made up of a diamagnetic material, in front of which some electromagnetic units are placed in a spiral shape, of said electromagnetic units the terminal ones are diametrically opposed relatively to the longitudinal vertical axis of the chamber, to create a rotating magnetic field which acts on the gas with only one polarity, in the conditions in which a rotating thermal field created by the cores of the electromagnetic units maintained at a temperature between 31° C. . . . 65° C. acts simultaneously on the gas, thereby an energy transfer being ensured from the zero fluctuations of the vacuum towards the natural gas mass passing in an upward flow through the said chamber, before entering the chamber, the gas being pre-heated and having a temperature ranging between 18° C. . . . 30° C., and in the end, the gas thus treated is directed towards a burner. Installation claimed by the invention, for applying the process used for increasing the burning energy produced by the natural gas, based on the action of a magnetic field upon the gas is characterized in that it consists of a reactor [A] equipped with some electromagnetic units (
|Method of Controlling Burners for Heating Liquid Glass Flow Channels - Methods and apparatus for controlling the operation of a burner used for heating liquid glass feeders of a glass furnace. A burner is supplied with a fuel and oxygen. An additional gas is injected so that the sum of the oxygen flow, the fuel flow and the additional gas flow is greater than a minimum cooling flow for the burner.
|NON-CORROSIVE TREATMENT TO ENHANCE PRESSURIZED AND NON-PRESSURIZED PULVERIZED COAL COMBUSTION - Methods and compositions for inhibiting corrosion of metal surfaces in a furnace system are disclosed. In one aspect of the invention, pulverized coal is burned as fuel in the presence of a copper ion catalyst/combustion aid. Corrosion is inhibited in these systems by the use of a blend of primary aminoalcohol such as 2-aminoethanol, tertiary aminoalcohol such as triethanol amine, and boric acid or water soluble salt form of the acid.
|RECOVERY OF DISSOLVED ORGANICS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS - Methods are provided for the recovery of dissolved organics, such as hemicelluloses, lignin, and acetic acid, from a lignocellulosic feedstock or process liquor, where the dissolved organics are recovered via an adsorbent. The adsorbent may include activated carbon, modified activated carbon, precipitated calcium carbonate, and lime and/or lime mud. The dissolved organics may be adsorbed from a pre-hydrolysis liquor of a pulping process such as the Kraft-based dissolving pulp production process. Other methods include a combined (or integrated) process of adsorption, ion exchange resin treatment, and membrane filtration for the treatment of a lignocellulosic liquor, such as a pre-hydrolysis liquor of kraft-based dissolving pulp production process, such that dissolved organics such as lignin, acetic acid, and hemicellulose-derived sugars may be extracted and optionally concentrated.
|RENDERING COAL AS AN ENVIRONMENTALLY CARBON DIOXIDE NEUTRAL FUEL AND A REGENERATIVE CARBON SOURCE - The invention provides a method for rendering coal as an environmentally essentially carbon dioxide-neutral fuel. Carbon dioxide produced from coal combustion is captured, purified, combined with coalbed methane or any other natural methane or natural gas source, or with hydrogen, and reacted under reaction conditions sufficient to form methanol and/or dimethyl ether, which can be used as fuel or feedstock for derived synthetic hydrocarbons and products.
|Air-Gas Pilot Burner that can Operate with Oxygen - A system includes at least one pilot burner and one more powerful main burner. The pilot burner includes at least a first tube open at an end and including at least a first feedline capable of injecting a combustible gas into the first tube. The pilot burner further includes at least a second tube open at an end and including at least a third feedline capable of injecting an oxygen-rich gas into the second tube. The pilot burner further includes at least a second feedline capable of feeding the first tube with air.
|Menorah with candles that burn different colored flames - A device includes a Menorah and a plurality of candles. Each candle is configured to sustain a flame for at least 30 minutes and each candle includes exactly one wick. The plurality of candles is placed in the Menorah. A first set of the plurality of candles is configured to burn with a flame of a first color and a second set of the plurality of candles is configured to burn with a flame of a second color that is different from the first color.
|BURNER OPERATION AND INSTALLATION - A burner is operated by providing a monitoring unit and monitoring the firing rate of the burner and feeding an input signal representing the firing rate to the monitoring unit. The respective proportions of gases in exhaust emissions from the burner are monitored and input signals representing the respective proportions are fed to the monitoring unit. From a combination of the input signals representing the firing rate of the burner and the respective proportions of gases in exhaust emissions, the amounts of one or more of the gases emitted from the burner are calculated in the monitoring unit. At least one of the amounts is displayed.
|COMBUSTION METHOD AND COMBUSTION APPARATUS - A combustion method applied to a water-tube boiler and a regenerator of an absorption-type refrigerator includes a concentration ratio adjusting step of adjusting a concentration ratio of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and oxygen in a gas from a gas generation source to a predetermined reference concentration ratio, and a hazardous-substance decreasing step of decreasing nitrogen oxides, using an oxidation catalyst having characteristics of decreasing the concentrations of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide on a secondary side to substantially zero when the concentration ratio on a primary side is set to be a reference concentration ratio, in which the concentration ratio adjusting step detects the concentration of oxygen on the secondary side of the oxidation catalyst to control the concentration ratio so that a detected oxygen concentration becomes a set oxygen concentration substantially close to zero. According to the combustion method, the emission amount of nitrogen oxides can be decreased to close to zero as much as possible, and the emission amount of carbon monoxide can be decreased to a permissible range. Further, the control of a concentration ratio can be performed stably by detecting the concentration of oxygen.
|METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT CONVERSION OF A CARBON CONTAINING FUEL TO CO2 AND H2O - Methods and systems for conversion of a carbon containing fuel to CO
|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING HAZARDOUS EMISSIONS IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION SYSTEMS - A method for reducing pollutant emissions uses a two-stage primary combustion process for a solid-containing fuel including a primary furnace having a combustion chamber, a solid fuel burnout zone and a primary flue-gas post combustion chamber, and a separate secondary combustion train. The fuel is burned in the primary combustion chamber while supplying primary gas in a substoichiometric amount so as to form high heating-value gas and low-carbon solid residue. A partial stream of this gas is diverted and the remainder is passed to the post-combustion chamber. The diverted stream is passed to the secondary combustion train, which includes a conditioner, a secondary combustion chamber and an energy recovery device. Energy-spent exhaust gas from the train is recirculated to the furnace upstream of the post-combustion chamber in which it is burned with the remainder of the high heating value gas and an oxygen-containing gas supplied in superstoichiometric amounts.
|PORTABLE FIRE PIT SYSTEM - The present invention provides a portable fire pit to be used in conjunction with particularly sized fuel blocks, whereby these fuel blocks are manually positioned in a square-shaped configuration around ventilation holds provided through the base of the fire pit. Alignment flanges on the base provide a positioning and alignment brace structure for the fuel blocks, which are fitted into an abutting relationship with the alignment flanges and one another on the base. The ventilation holes are formed to align with an inner chimney formed by the positioning of the fuel blocks. This chimney is formed over the ventilation holes to allow the fire to burn from the chimney outwardly through the blocks and thereby provide an efficient burning of the fuel.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DELIVERY OF SOLIDS IN A CARRIER GAS TO A GAS STREAM - A process and system for feeding solids and carrier gases through the wall of a duct or chamber through which a gas stream flows to the flowing gas stream from a feed source exterior of the duct or chamber.
|BURNER AND METHOD FOR PARTIALLY OXIDIZING LIQUID, CARBON-CONTAINING FUEL - A burner for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas a well as the process in which this burner is used, wherein the parts of the outlet orifice of the burner directed towards the combustion chamber are wholly or partly provided with a coating or with a diffusion layer for protection against thermal load and/or corrosion.
|COMBUSTION METHOD AND SYSTEM - The invention relates to a method for heating a material in a zone heated by combustion of a fuel with an oxidant by means of a oxyburner comprising an injector arranged within a block defining a chamber with a confinement index Iconf=(S/S′)×(L/L′)×(1/(1+a/100))=0.10; the fuel being injected into the burner chamber with a rate IF and the oxidant being injected into the burner chamber at a rate Iox such that 0.7=IF=3.6 et 0.3=Iox=5.1, provided that when Iox>3.8 then IF=3.3.
|LAMP WITH HEAT-RESPONSIVE DECORATION - A lighting product including a holder for an illumination source, a frame, attached to the holder including a back plate having a front surface adjacent to the illumination source, and a layer of a thermochromic material, which is disposed on the front surface of the back plate so as to alter an appearance of the back plate in response to heat emitted by the illumination source.
|LOW NOX BURNER FOR A WATER HEATER - A low NOx burner includes an upper plate and a lower plate joined together. A chamber is defined between an upper inner portion and a lower inner portion. The peaks of upper and lower scalloped ridges are in contact such that multiple ports are defined. The ports extend radially outward from the chamber. The chamber is adapted to receive a fuel/air mixture through a fuel/air intake opening. The ports permit a flow of the fuel/air mixture from the chamber for combustion to create a diffuse flame. An intermediate portion is positioned such that the flame attaches to the intermediate portion. The intermediate portion and a trough are arranged such that flame is directed downwards to the trough from the intermediate portion and attaches to the trough. An outer rim is positioned and angled to attach the flame to the trough and to direct the flame upwards from the trough.
|Combustion apparatus - A combustor having an array of dilution holes it provided with an asymmetrically located trim port for injection a controlled volume of air into the combustor. The controlled volume mixes with fuel rich air near the combustor wall and improves the dilution of the combustion gases. The improved dilution reduces the formation of NO
|CHEMICAL LOOPING METHOD FOR THE COMBUSTION OF HEAVY LIQUID HYDROCARBON FRACTIONS - The invention relates to a method for upgrading heavy liquid fractions resulting from oil refining, by combustion in a fluidized-bed chemical looping process. The method according to the invention allows to produce energy by oxidizing totally the heavy liquid feeds while allowing direct capture of the CO
|Triple Flame Section Burner - The present invention relates to the field of burners, particularly in burners intended for household use, such as stoves. A three ring burner is described, which produces longer and more inclined flames through which a more efficient heating is accomplished; combustion ports in the rings with straight or helicoid arrangements; where the inner ring can function in conjunction with or independently from the other two flame rings, thus controlling the heating intensity and the flame by means of controlling the velocity of the gas-air current; as main parts comprising; a burner head, which contains three concentric flame rings, one inner ring, one intermediate ring and one outer ring, each flame ring containing combustion ports, the collection of combustion ports are helicoid both in their inner ring as well as the outer ring, two lids on the burner head, one inner and the other outer; one cover for the burners which forms the surface of the heating apparatus; Venturi ducts on the lower part of the burner head; a support firmly joined to the surface of the heating apparatus, in this support are lodged Venturi ducts from the burner head; a gas distributor lodged in the lower part of the support, where the gas distributor has three gas exits, two laterals and one central.
|BURNER SYSTEM AND A METHOD OF CONTROL - A burner system and a method of control. The system includes a supply unit that provides a gas/air mixture to a burner assembly. The burner assembly includes a distribution outlet having a plurality of openings and an electrode. The electrode provides an electrical arc to ignite the gas/air mixture for a predetermined period of time.
|SYSTEM FOR ASH RECYCLING - A method of operating a combustion system includes at least the following steps: removing ashes from a combustion boiler, compacting the ashes, pulverizing the ashes, and feeding at least a part of the ashes into the combustion boiler, wherein the hardness of the ashes is deliberately set during the steps of removing the ashes or compacting the ashes. Furthermore, a particularly suitable device for implementing the method is disclosed.
|FLAME DETECTION IN A FUEL FIRED APPLIANCE - A control system for a fuel-fired appliance and methods of operating are disclosed. When an electrical characteristic of a flame detector fails to cross a threshold level during an ignition attempt and when the electrical characteristic of the flame detector changes by a predetermined amount, the control system may activate an indicator indicating a problem with the flame detector (e.g. dirty, misaligned, or otherwise unable to properly detect the flame).
|LIGHTER FOR HEATING UP A SMOKELESS CIGARETTE - A lighter for heating-up a smokeless cigarette comprises a housing having a fuel reservoir connected with a burner nozzle via a valve. An igniting device is disposed near the burner nozzle. The valve is openable by an actuator provided on the housing, whereby a flame is ignited by the igniting device. A receptacle is disposed adjacent to the burner nozzle and the igniting device, is accessible through a hole in the housing and is formed in the interior of the housing. The end of a cigarette body facing away from a mouthpiece is inserted into the receptacle so that the corresponding end of a heating pipe, which faces towards the burner nozzle, is heated by the flame in order to vaporize a stimulant in the cigarette. The cigarette can be removed from the receptacle after the stimulant begins to vaporize.
|NOVEL REACTOR FOR CARRYING OUT VERY HIGH TEMPERATURE AND HIGH PRESSURE REACTIONS - The present invention describes a novel reactor adapted for carrying out chemical reactions at temperatures of up to 1600° C., and at pressures of up to 100 bars. The reactor of the invention has two vessels surrounding the reaction zone, an inner vessel constituted by a refractory material and an outer vessel surrounding the inner vessel and constituted by an insulating material.
|Composition and Method for Reducing Mercury Emitted into the Atmosphere - The present invention relates to sorbent compositions and methods to reduce the amount of mercury emitted into the atmosphere as a result of processing a mercury-containing material. The sorbent compositions include a sorbent source and at least one halogen material. The sorbent source is interacted with the halogen material to form a halogenated sorbent. The halogenated sorbent is contacted with a mercury-containing product (e.g., gas, vapor or mixtures thereof) which is produced as a result of processing a mercury-containing material. At least a portion of the mercury in the mercury-containing product is absorbed by the halogenated sorbent such that the level of mercury in said mercury-containing product is reduced.
|RADIANT HEATING APPARATUS - A solution should be created in a radiant heating apparatus that economically makes available in a constructively simple manner a simplified and improved possibility of monitoring the radiant heating apparatus. This is achieved with a radiant heating apparatus for a furnace system in which a monitoring apparatus for determining a current pressure is provided in the combustion air line and/or in the combustion gas line immediately in front of the entrance into the housing of the at least one burner which apparatus outputs the currently determined pressure to a burner control. The burner control is designed in such a manner that it compares the currently determined pressure with a predetermined limit value and/or it compares a pressure difference Δp formed from a currently determined pressure and a pressure of a corresponding collector line with a predetermined limit value. Furthermore, the burner control outputs a signal indicating a leakage of the ceramic radiant heating pipe if the currently determined pressure drops below the predetermined limit value and/or if the pressure difference Δp formed from currently determined pressure and a pressure of a corresponding collector line exceeds a predetermined limit value.
|Size scaling of a burner - A method for upscaling the size of a burner of a gas turbine engine including a burner housing is provided. The burner is provided with a mixture of fuel and air at an upstream end from a premixing channel that sustains a main flame at a downstream end of the burner. The premixing channel is defined at the exit by a circular inner wall formed by an inner quarl section and a circular outer wall formed by an outer quarl section. The burner may be increased in size by adding a quarl section outside and circumferentiating the quarl section and forming an annular space between the added quarl section and the existing outer quarl section and by adding a premixing channel defined at the exit by a circular inner wall formed by the previously outmost quarl section and the circular outer wall formed by the added quarl section.
|System and Method for Controlling A Furnace - Controlling a modulating gas furnace by monitoring a differential pressure associated with the modulating gas furnace using a low pressure limit switch configured to actuate at a first pressure, an intermediate pressure limit switch configured to actuate at a second pressure, and a high pressure limit switch configured to actuate at a third pressure, the second pressure being between the first and third pressure, selectively operating the modulating gas furnace in one of a cycling mode, a modulating mode in a lower range, and a modulating mode in an upper range, the modulating mode in the lower range being associated with an output capacity range between the output capacity ranges of the cycling mode and the modulating mode in the upper range, and selectively operating the furnace in response to at least one of the low pressure limit switch, the intermediate pressure limit switch, and the high pressure limit switch.
|USE OF COMPOUNDS CONTAINING HALOGEN AND NITROGEN FOR REDUCING MERCURY EMISSIONS DURING COAL COMBUSTION - Processes and systems are provided for using bromine and/or bromide-containing compounds derived from a nitrogen-containing compound, such as ammonia, sulfamic acid, or one or more salts thereof, to reduce mercury emissions during coal combustion.
|Combustible Gas Processing System and Combustible Gas Processing Method - Disclosed is a system for processing a combustible gas, which comprises a catalytic combusting means for receiving an oxygen-containing combustible gas that contains oxygen in addition to the combustible gas as the principal component thereof, causing this oxygen-containing combustible gas to contact an oxidation catalyst for partial combustion thereof, to produce the resultant partially combusted gas as a compressible combustible gas.
|METHOD FOR THE COMBUSTION OF FUEL - The present invention relates to a process for the combustion of fuel (
|Process and apparatus for burning coal instead of oil - The present invention provides a process for burning coal instead of oil comprising the stages of coal gasification, gas combustion and optionally gas purification, utilization of residual heat of flue gas and flue gas discharge. The present invention further provides an apparatus for burning coal instead of oil. By present invention, the fuel cost for an oil-burning apparatus can be reduced by about four-fifths, so the resources of oil and natural gas can be saved either. Furthermore, the present invention has the advantages such as good reliability, high heat efficiency, high level of automation, high return on investment and good environmental benefits.
|Burner Apparatus And Methods - A burner assembly for and method of combusting fuel gas in a furnace is provided. The burner assembly includes a burner tile having a burner throat disposed therethrough. Combustion air is conducted through the burner throat into a combustion zone in the furnace. A pilot assembly is used to generate a pilot flame within the burner throat. Fuel gas is injected into an ignition zone located outside the burner throat and ignited therein. The pilot flame generated in the burner throat can be used to ignite the fuel gas in the ignition zone. The ignited fuel gas is admixed with combustion air in the combustion zone. The burner assembly can be operated without admixing a significant amount of fuel gas with combustion air in the burner throat, which can help control the formation of undesirable nitrogen oxides (NO
|STAGED COMBUSTION METHOD REPRODUCING ASYMMETRIC FLAMES - The invention concerns a method for burning a fuel by means of at least one a burner, each burner comprising two half-assemblies (
|Method and system for igniting a fuel-air-mixture of a combustion chamber, in particular in a combustion engine by creating a corona discharge - The invention relates to a method for igniting a fuel/air mixture in one or more combustion chambers which are delimited by walls that are at ground potential, wherein an electric resonant circuit is excited in which an ignition electrode, which is guided through one of the walls delimiting the combustion chamber in an electrically insulated manner and which extends into the combustion chamber, in cooperation with the walls of the combustion chamber that are at ground potential constitutes a capacitance, and in which the excitation of the resonant circuit is controlled such that a corona discharge igniting the fuel/air mixture is created in the combustion chamber at the ignition electrode. The strength of the AC current flowing in the resonant circuit, the AC voltage exciting the resonant circuit and/or the impedance of the resonant circuit are monitored, and the observations or one or more measurement variables derived therefrom and/or the time curve thereof are used to obtain indicators that characterize the state of the combustion chamber and/or the state of the material mixture present in the combustion chamber and are provided for further processing.
|HIGH PRESSURE OXY-FIRED COMBUSTION SYSTEM - A combustion system, and method. A combustor oxy-fired at high pressure delivers flue gas at pressure to a condensing means, such as a condensing heat exchanger, to produce a high temperature condensate for delivering thermal energy to an industrial process system, particularly for power generation, including a Brayton cycle, a Rankine cycle, or a binary fluid cycle system such as a Kalina cycle, and in particular as a bottoming cycle for an organic Rankine cycle. The combustor can concurrently provide direct heat to a secondary system, including a Brayton cycle system, a Rankine cycle system, and a binary fluid cycle system such as a Kalina cycle, without requiring significant modifications to the secondary system. The system and method provide for efficient and advantageous use of the higher temperature condensate produced.
|Rotary Kilns for Alternative Fuels - A method for burning raw materials by which method the raw material and a secondary fuel are separately introduced to one and the same rotary kiln in which the raw material as well as the secondary fuel are heated by gases formed by burning of a primary fuel in the rotary kiln so that the secondary fuel is converted to gases and solid matter in the form of combustion residues such as ashes and coke. The secondary fuel during the process of conversion to gases and solid matter is kept separate from the introduced raw material, which may ensure that the secondary fuel and hence the locally reducing zones and major areas with reducing conditions are brought into minimum contact with the raw material.
|HEAT RETAINING HOOD ASSEMBLIES, AIR CURTAIN DESTRUCTORS WITH HEAT RETAINING HOOD ASSEMBLIES, AND METHODS FOR USING THE SAME - Heat retaining hood assemblies include a plenum with an interior side and an exterior side, wherein the plenum restricts heat from flowing from the interior side to the exterior side, and an exhaust duct fluidly connected to the exterior side of the plenum, wherein the plenum includes one or more contours to direct the exhaust on the interior side to an intake opening of the exhaust duct, and wherein the exhaust flows from the intake opening to a release vent of the exhaust duct disposed on the exterior side of the plenum.
|MODULAR FLARE STACK AND METHOD OF FLARING WASTE GAS - modular flare stack (
|SUPPORT APPARATUS FOR CAMP FIRE OR OTHER SHAPED BURN PILE - Described in this application for patent is an improved fire support apparatus for holding wood in a preferred shape as the wood is burned in a campfire or other setting. The apparatus includes spaces in which both tinder and kindling may be stored, the spaces being defined by the structure of the fire support apparatus. Further described in this application is a method of making a fire with the use of the above described fire support apparatus.
|COMBUSTION SYSTEM AND METHOD - A combustion system comprising a combustion chamber fed by fuel and oxidant delivery lines. The oxidant line has an oxidant tank pressurized by a compressor. The fuel delivery line has a fuel source and a fuel feed mechanism. An ignition device ignites the oxidant and fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. The coolant line is adapted to inject cooling fluid directly into the combustion chamber. An energy production device is disposed downstream a combustion chamber exhaust valve for converting energy from both exhausted combustion gases and coolant gases exhausted from the combustion chamber. In some embodiments the coolant is the oxidant, while in other embodiments the coolant is another fluid introduced from a separate coolant delivery line.
|FIRE SAFETY CLOSURE SYSTEM FOR CANDLE HOLDERS - A fire safety system to prevent fire from a candle includes first and second closure halves; a loop extending from the first closure half; a catch extending from the second closure half; a trigger pin having a first end coupled to the loop and a second end coupled to the catch; a candle holder adapted to receive the candle; and a sleeve housing the closure halves, the sleeve including a plurality of impact legs.
|Methods and Systems for Analyzing Combustion System Operation - Systems and methods for analyzing combustion system operation are provided. According to one embodiment, a method can include receiving multiple CO measurements from respective CO sensors distributed within a combustion system; receiving multiple O
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INTRODUCING DILUENT FLOW INTO A COMBUSTOR - Disclosed is a combustor including a baffle plate having at least one through baffle hole and at least one fuel nozzle extending through the at least one baffle hole. At least one shroud is secured to the baffle plate and includes at least one piston ring disposed at the shroud. The at least one piston ring is configured to meter a flow of diluent between the at least one shroud and the at least one fuel nozzle. Further disclosed is a method for providing diluent to a combustor including providing a piston ring gap defined by at least one piston ring disposed at a baffle plate and a fuel nozzle extending through a through hole in the baffle plate. The diluent is flowed through the piston ring gap toward at least one airflow hole in the fuel nozzle.
|INDUSTRIAL BURNER AND RELATED COMBUSTION PROCESS FOR HEAT TREATMENT FURNACES - A high speed burner having very low polluting emissions, suitable for the process for heat treatment furnaces of a load in free atmosphere. The burner is capable of creating a compact and lean flame with the peculiarity of keeping the NOx emissions at very low levels at any chamber temperature and at any excess combustion air. The burner requires a single inlet for the comburent air and a single inlet for the combustible gas.
|RADIATING BURNER HAVING ENHANCED PERFORMANCE AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF A RADIATING BURNER - A method for improving the performance of a radiating burner designed to be supplied during operation by means of a flow (F) comprising a mixture of air and combustible gas. The burner includes a body defining a combustion chamber and provided with an inlet for the mixture; a porous wicking agent closes off the chamber in a non-sealing manner and is arranged downstream of the inlet in the direction of flow (F) of the mixture; and a distribution grid is arranged between the mixture inlet and the wicking agent. The method includes creating an electric field in the combustion chamber by applying an electric potential difference of at least 5 kV between the wicking agent and the distribution grid.
|COMBUSTION PROCESS - A combustion process wherein a comburent, a fuel and the following components are fed: i) component B) sulphur or compounds containing sulphur in an amount to have a molar ration B
|Match and Striker Method and Apparatus - A match having the striker member directly over and integrated with the ignition member of the match, so that when the two members are separated, the match ignites. It is preferred that the striker member is pinched in order to increase friction between the members. Further, the striker member can be integrated with a waterproof coating, glow in the dark, or scented.
|APPLIANCE CONTROL WITH AUTOMATIC DAMPER DETECTION - Methods and systems for operating a fuel fired appliance that may include an optional hardware component such as a damper are disclosed. In some cases, the presence of the optional hardware component is detected, and it is determined whether the optional hardware component is required for future operation of the fuel fired appliance. The fuel fired appliance may be operated normally if the optional hardware component is present and required, or, in some cases, if the optional hardware component is determined to be not required. If the optional hardware component is absent but required, normal operation of the fuel fired appliance may be stopped.
|Combustion device to provide a controlled heat flux environment - A propane fueled combustor for providing a controlled heat flux environment of twenty to two hundred kilowatts per square meter. The combustor has the capability of generating a repeatable and quantifiable environment in which to evaluate a response of an energetic material to a fast cook off hazard, such as a liquid fuel fire.
|BOILER AND PILOT SYSTEM - A pilot and burner assembly includes a burner assembly and a blower for supplying combustion air to the burner assembly. The system further includes a pilot assembly and a fuel supply for providing fuel to the pilot assembly. A pilot fan provides pilot air to the pilot assembly, the pilot fan being separate from the blower and provides air only to the pilot assembly.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REDUCING EMISSIONS FROM A BOILER - A system and method for reducing emissions from a boiler. A boiler generally has a combustion area. The system further includes a fuel pipe for delivering fuel. The system further includes a conduit. A bore extends through the conduit. The bore of the conduit is in fluid communication with the fuel pipe and the combustion area of the boiler. A pre-ignition source is positioned in the conduit. The pre-ignition source operates to pre-ignite at least a portion of the fuel flowing through the conduit.
|LOW NOX MIXED INJECTOR - The invention relates to
|DISTRIBUTED INJECTION WITH FUEL FLEXIBLE MICRO-MIXING INJECTORS - Provided is an injector having a plurality of micro-mixing nozzles having axes thereof pointing radially inwardly or outwardly with respect to a main axis of the injector and a plurality of micro-mixing nozzles having axes thereof extending axially with respect to the main axis of the injector. The arrangement of micro-mixing nozzles provides a means for fast and efficient mixing of fuels, such as highly reactive fuels including hydrogen. The arrangement of micro-mixing nozzles also achieves low NOx emissions.
|Use of ventilation air methane exhausted during mining of non-combustible ore in a surface appliance - Utilization of mine methane produced by mining a non-combustible ore, such as trona, as an energy source for heat, steam, and/or power generation. Such utilization is beneficial for a surface appliance which is close to surface outlet(s) of mine methane recovery system(s). A method for reducing greenhouse gas emissions generated during mining of a non-combustible ore uses the combustion of co-produced mine methane. The mine methane is recovered in a mine ventilation air exhaust with very low methane content and may be additionally recovered in a drainage gas, such as gob gas, with much higher methane content. The surface appliance may be selected from the group consisting of calciner, dryer, boiler, kiln, furnace, engine, turbine, power generation unit, co-generation unit, and any combinations thereof. Benefits may include reduction in energy purchases, reduction in greenhouse emissions, and/or gain through sale of carbon credits to the carbon market by registering carbon reductions.
|REMOTELY ACTUATED PILOT VALVE, SYSTEM AND METHOD - A remotely actuated pilot gas valve includes safe lighting and complete shutoff capabilities in the event that the flame that is heating a thermocouple is extinguished. The invention provides for a heater system that utilizes such a pilot gas valve as well as a method whereby the pilot gas valve used in such a system can be remotely and electronically actuated when required. Remote actuation is accomplished by use of a solenoid that is incorporated within the valve design and which is controlled by a remote operator.
|Compressor and Method for Compressing Gaseous Fuel - A method for compressing gaseous fuel is disclosed. The method includes, ingesting gaseous fuel into a chamber, ingesting air into the chamber and mixing the gaseous fuel with the air, igniting and partially combusting the resulting mixture of gaseous fuel and air in a confined space such that a predominant fraction of the gaseous fuel is not combusted, causing an increased temperature and therefore an increased pressure of the fraction of the gaseous fuel which is not combusted, and discharging the resulting compressed gaseous fuel. Moreover, a compressor is provided including a casing, a rotor with at least three vanes, an inlet for gaseous fuel, an outlet for gaseous fuel, an air inlet and an igniter. The rotor is placed in the casing such that at least three variable-volume chambers part-bounded by the vanes are formed during a rotor revolution.
|FUEL ADDITIVE COMPOSITIONS - The invention provides the use of an organic compound selected from a bicyclic monoterpene, substituted bicyclic monoterpene, adamantane, propylene carbonate and mixtures thereof, to improve the solubilisation of a solid, fuel-soluble iron compound in a fuel composition or in a precursor liquid to be added to fuel composition.
|CORN STOVER FUEL OBJECTS WITH HIGH HEAT OUTPUT AND REDUCED EMISSIONS DESIGNED FOR LARGE-SCALE POWER GENERATION - A Novel fuel object comprised of a proportion of corn stover and a proportion of wood fiber combined with a basically reacting compound. The object comprises fiber of the appropriate size and moisture content combined with an inorganic base. An appropriately sized object is readily manufactured, provides high heat output, is consistent in fuel characteristics, and is sized and configured for use in power generation facilities. Based on fiber selection and processing, the fuel object may be used in a variety of current power generation technologies including stoker, fluidized bed, gasifier, cyclonic, direct-fired, and pulverized coal technologies, and results in significant reduction of air emissions (including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mercury) compared to coal with no loss of boiler or furnace efficiency.
|Fire Lighter - A fire lighter apparatus and method for using the apparatus are described herein. The fire lighter apparatus comprises a containment pot that stores a flammable liquid and a wand torch that removably inserts into the containment pot. The wand torch includes a shaft, a handle at one end of the shaft, and an igniting head located at an opposing end of the shaft. The igniting head is removably affixed to the shaft through a non-threaded fastener. This fastener includes a first and a second component, which generally positions the igniting head. The handle further comprises a bended loop, which faces upward when the wand torch is laying flat upon a horizontal surface. The method for using the fire lighter comprises submerging the wand torch in the flammable fluid within the containment pot and lighting the igniting head attached after removal from the flammable fluid within the containment pot.
|QUICK IGNITION SYSTEM - An ignition system with means for quick ignition is provided. The ignition system includes a hollow body having a first opening and a second opening; an ignition element for inducing combustion of a solid combustible material at the second opening; a current source electrically coupled to the ignition element; and a blower at the first opening, wherein the blower is configured to induce air flow from the first opening to the second opening.
|Aerosol candle snuffer using non-flammable gas - An aerosol device for extinguishing candle flames comprises an aerosol container with a supply of pressurized non-flammable gas therein, and a valve assembly on the container for controlling discharge of the pressurized non-flammable gas from the container, wherein a plurality of successively larger orifices are in the valve assembly for reducing the pressure of the pressurized gas as it is discharged through the valve assembly to a level sufficient to extinguish a candle flame but insufficient to blow molten wax from a candle. In a preferred embodiment the quantity of gas discharged is metered in each dispensing cycle, and a gas adsorbing material is in the container for adsorbing and storing a reserve supply of the gas and releasing it into the container as gas is depleted from the container.
|Method for embodying an incense-coated template in variety of ornate and complex designs or patterns - A method of manufacturing an incense-coated template in a variety of ornate and complex designs or patterns is by cutting a template of the desired shape by hand or machine and coating the template with wood powder and aromatics. The template may be made from any of the options from the group consisting of bamboo paper, rice paper, papyrus paper, thin sheets of wood. The shape is then subjected to evenly-applied light coats of alternating water and wood powders, which form the incense coating. When desired thickness is reached, two final coats round out the process: one of powdered dye to attain the desired coloration, and one which comprises the application of an aromatic. The aromatic can be either scented oil or in a variation of powdered form, in which case the previously discussed setting and curing process of the wood powders would apply.
|CARBON DIOXIDE PURIFICATION - Systems and methods for the purification of carbon dioxide are provided. Also described are systems and methods of efficiently producing power using novel heat integration techniques, while producing carbon dioxide that is sufficiently pure to be sequestered. In some embodiments, a carbon dioxide-containing fluid stream is purified by removing NO
|METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A COMBUSTIBLE GAS FROM A FUEL - Method and system for the production of a combustible gas from a fuel, comprising the conversion of the fuel, at a temperature that is between 600 and 1000° C. and at a pressure that is lower than 10 bar, into at least a combustible gas that comprises CH
|JET MICRO-INDUCED FLOW REVERSALS COMBUSTOR - A jet micro-induced flow reversals combustor is used to reduce NO
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING A FLAME CONDITION IN A COMBUSTOR - A system for determining a flame condition in a combustor includes a pressure sensor that generates a pressure signal reflective of a pressure in the combustor. A controller receives the pressure signal and generates a flame signal reflective of the flame condition in the combustor. A method for determining a flame condition in a combustor includes measuring a pressure in the combustor, comparing the measured pressure in the combustor to a predetermined limit, and generating a flame signal based on the comparison of the measured pressure in the combustor to the predetermined limit, wherein the flame signal reflects the flame condition in the combustor.
|PARTICULATE MATTER GENERATOR AND COLLECTOR - An apparatus for generating and collecting particulate matter derived from combusting a carbon-containing fuel in oxidising gas comprises a fuel burner with a nozzle housed in a container. The container has a gas inlet and a gas outlet; the gas outlet connects with a conduit for transporting the gas to atmosphere which is associated with means for forcing gas to flow from the gas inlet via the container and the conduit to atmosphere. Located within the conduit is a station for collecting particulate matter from gas flowing through the conduit. The gas flow-forcing means is controlled in response to a detected gas flow rate at the gas inlet to ensure the rate of gas flow at the gas inlet is maintained at a desired rate, thereby to promote particulate matter formation. A method for collecting particulate matter derived from combusting carbon-containing fuel is also disclosed.
Patent applications in class PROCESS OF COMBUSTION OR BURNER OPERATION
Patent applications in all subclasses PROCESS OF COMBUSTION OR BURNER OPERATION


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Gold Prices Poised for 11th Year of Gains in 2012
NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- Gold prices took a beating in late 2011, but many experts think the path in 2012 is still paved with higher prices.
Gold had a wild 2011, starting the year at $1,412 an ounce, hitting a low right out of the gate of $1,314 and then rallying to an intra-day high of $1,923 an ounce.
The past few months have not been kind for gold. The precious metal tanked 13% in September and 8% in just three days last week as a strong dollar hammered prices. Gold's safe haven status looked to be a thing of the past as negative headlines out of Europe triggered a rush into the dollar instead of gold as liquidity dried up.
But gold's recent massacre is not scaring most experts."What I am looking for is a gold price of $1,800 an ounce in 2012," says Jeffrey Wright, senior research analyst at Global Hunter Securities. Wright says there could be spikes to $1,900 or $2,000, especially if gridlock in Congress brings up another budget battle and highlights the U.S.' own fiscal problems. "Once we get back into those discussions, there will be further pressure on the U.S. dollar and a refocusing on gold as a safe haven asset." Leo Larkin, metals and mining analyst at S&P Capital IQ, thinks that $1,900 gold might not be that much of a stretch. "Gold has been going up without interruption for 10 years" and a correction is totally normal, Larkin says. Gold has risen on average 17% annually over the past 10 years, and while Larkin doesn't expect such a juicy return in 2012, he does expect the up-trend to continue. "The United States' M2 supply is up 9% from the beginning of the year and the monetary base is up 30%. They are setting the stage for higher
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Kitchen Mistakes We Made So You Don't Have To
Our food experts know a good idea when they see one. Working side by side in a test kitchen, one eye on their cutting board and the other on their neighbors, is the next best thing to standing next to cook-wise grandmothers at the stove. With their swapping of tips and techniques as commonplace as passing the olive oil, we thought it was time for the rest of us to take advantage of some of that insider info.
Even the best of the best slip up from time to time; check out their messiest mistakes and learn their kitchen secrets.
Tip: Don't Crowd the Pan (or Oven)
Its tempting to add just one more piece of meat to the skillet when browning, but dont do it, because the meat will never get the brown crust you want. Instead, cook in batches, and dont rush the process: Dark caramelization yields complex flavor. The same is true when roasting vegetables. And for the most evenly baked cookies and cakes, give the pans some space, with two at most in the oven at once.


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Thirty-Five Years of Bashing Stereotypes, Tearing Down Walls, Smashing Icons and Visionary Cartooning in the NYTimes Gift Guide
"More than a dozen fantastic artists, including Sue Coe, Eric Drooker and Sandy Jimenez, take us, in graphic sequences composed of shadow and light, from the 1980s culture wars to the war in Iraq, from the Reagan White House to Zuccotti Park and Tahrir Square. This is history recorded with a scathing precision. Morality meets hilarity. You find yourself shocked that you're laughing." —Holland Cotter, New York Times
"...As you read through this strikingly designed book, one cannot can't help but admire those many young, often obscure and struggling courageous comic book artists and cartoonists who, with unbridled passion, took on unpopular issues, bashed stereotypes, tore down walls, and smashed icons..." —Bill Berkowitz, Daily Kos
Read more: NYTimes Gift Guide
Read more: Daily Kos
Review: Jewish Currents


text:
Improve Human Capital Applications With Adobe Human Resources Solutions
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Identifying, cultivating, and managing employees can pose significant challenges for most organizations. Human resources (HR) departments perform a wide range of ongoing tasks that are crucial to the long-term health and viability of the organization: managing performance and talent, maintaining training and development, and providing compensation and benefits programs. This white paper describes how Adobe Live Cycle ES helps streamline HR processes and, when used in conjunction with the Adobe Human Capital Applications Solution Accelerator, creates a platform to help manage employee on boarding and off boarding.
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Patricia's StoryEverone Loves this and it's filling and so easy to make and feed 8-12 people
chicken breast
cream of chicken soup
cream of mushroom soup
taco seasoning mix
salsa rio dorito chips
Directions Step-By-Step
1Pre heat oven to 350
2you will need
5-Chicken Breast (boil and de-bone)
2- Cans Cream of Chicken Soup
2- Cans cream of Mushroom Soup
1 1/2- Can Roytel Sliced Tomatoes
1- pkg Taco seasoning
2-Bags of Salsa Rio Dorito Chips (only small bag)
7 oz.- 11 oz.
3Crush up chips and add to soups, add Taco seasoning and Rotel, and chicken.
Mix together and then add 16 oz. Cheddar Cheese
( 2 cups)shredded. Place in pan ( grease with Pam) and then add 2 more cups shredded Cheddar Cheese on top. Place in oven for approx. 20-25 minutes or untill cheese is melted.
Also good to eat with Flour Tortilla. Eat like a burrito or just by it's self with any Mexican sides.
bev snee 1234567 - Sep 26, 2012
This is a save for me. Thanks Pat.Sounds real good!
Bobby Webb Bobdoescooking - Jan 20, 2014
Bobby Webb [Bobdoescooking] has shared this recipe with discussion group:
"EVERYTHING MEXICAN" (PLEASE, Mexican foods and drinks ONLY)
Bobby Webb Bobdoescooking - Jan 20, 2014
Hi Patrica, I would like to invite you to my discussion group. It's called, "EVERYTHING MEXICAN". Just click justapinch.com/...ds-and-drinks-only hope to see you there. Bobby


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Also see: Nordstrom, Airgas: Analysts' New Ratings
Editor's Note: Green and red arrows refer to intraday stock price movement.
NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- STOCK COMMENTS / EPS CHANGES
Advance Auto Parts (AAP) target raised at UBS to $59. Given low expectations, upward trajectory for company is all that matters. Neutral rating.Autodesk (ADSK) estimates, target lowered at RBC. Shares of ADSK now seen reaching $35. Estimates also cut, as booking could soon begin to slow down. Avago Technologies (AVGO) target lowered at Citigroup lowered to $40. Risk of wired/industrial slowing. Buy rating. Bally Technologies (BYI) numbers lowered at Credit Suisse. Shares of BYI now seen reaching $30. Estimates also reduced, to match the company's new guidance. Neutral rating. Walt Disney (DIS) cut from US 1 List at BofA/Merrill. DeVry (DV) estimates, target lowered at UBS. Shares of DV now seen reaching $70. Estimates also lowered as challenging economy has weighed on new start growth. Buy rating. General Growth (GGP) estimates, target cut at UBS. Shares of GGP now seen reaching $15. Estimates also lowered on greater economic and capital markets risk. Neutral rating. KiOR (KIOR) estimates, target lowered at Citigroup. Shares of KIOR now seen reaching $20. Estimates also lowered on higher capex for Columbus and higher SG&A. Buy rating. Kosmos Energy (KOS) estimates, target lowered at Citigroup. Shares of KOS now seen reaching $20. Estimates also lowered as certain risks were not included in previous valuation. Buy rating. Kohl's (KSS) estimates, target increased at Goldman. KSS estimates were raised through 2013. Company is buying back more stock. Neutral rating and new $55 price target. Nordstrom (JWN) estimates, target raised at Goldman. Shares of JWN now seen reaching $55. Estimates also increased, as the company is realizing higher margins. Buy rating. Nvidia (NVDA) estimates, target reduced at Goldman. Shares of NVDA now seen reaching $14. Estimates also cut, as Tegra growth is sluggish and operating costs are rising. Neutral rating. Nvidia estimates, target cut at Citigroup. Shares of NVDA now seen reaching $18, according to Citigroup. Estimates also lowered on higher operating expenses. Hold rating. Nvidia estimates lowered at UBS. NVDA estimates lowered through 2013 to account for Icera changes, UBS said. Maintain $16.50 price target and Neutral rating.
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