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1.1 In the Australian system of parliamentary government, and consistent with the traditional understanding of ministerial responsibility, the public and parliamentary advocacy and defence of government policies and administration has traditionally been, and should remain, the preserve of Ministers, not officials. The duty of the public servant is to assist ministers to fulfil their accountability obligations by providing full and accurate information to the Parliament about the factual and technical background to policies and their administration. The guidelines are therefore aimed at encouraging the freest possible flow of such information between the public service, the Parliament and the public.
Scope of guidelines
1.2 The guidelines apply primarily to the preparation of submissions and the giving of evidence to parliamentary committees by officials, although sections 3-6 also discuss their relevance to contexts outside parliamentary committees, including party committees, Royal Commissions, individual Members of Parliament, speeches, public inquiries and court appearances.
1.3 The previous version of the guidelines was tabled in the Parliament in August 1984. Changes have been made to take account of the Senate Parliamentary Privilege Resolutions of 25 February 1988 (see Appendix) and recent experience with the appearance of witnesses before parliamentary committees.
Application of Guidelines
2.1 This section is designed to assist departmental officials, statutory office holders and the staff of statutory authorities appearing before parliamentary committees, by informing them of the principles they are required by the Government to follow. It is recognised, however, that the role and nature of some statutory authorities will require the selective application of these guidelines (see paragraph 2.49).
Parliamentary rules of procedure
2.2 This section also takes into account the Senate Parliamentary Privilege Resolutions of 25 February 1988 which include procedures to be observed by Senate committees in their dealings with witnesses. (References to the Senate resolutions in these guidelines appear as r.1.1; r.1.6 etc.) At the time of tabling these guidelines, the House of Representatives had not dealt with the committee procedures which have been proposed by the Standing Committee on Procedure. These are broadly similar, with some additions, to the procedures adopted by the Senate.
2.3 These guidelines should, nonetheless, be read in conjunction with the Senate Parliamentary Privilege Resolutions, the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Procedure's Report on Committee Procedures for Dealing with Witnesses dated 4 April 1989 and the Parliamentary Privileges Act 1987, particularly sections 13 and 16.
Inquiries into administrative matters
2.4 Where a committee's inquiry is directed towards the examination of departmental administration and practice, it is for the departmental Secretary, with the general consent of the relevant Minister, to use his or her discretion as to the extent to which aspects of these guidelines, such as the clearing of written evidence and the selection of witnesses, are to be followed. In this context a witness should also be aware of the provisions of s.12 of the Parliamentary Privileges Act (see para 2.40).
Committees dealing with individual conduct
2.5 Where a committee is inquiring into the personal actions of a Minister (or official) and seeks information from officials, there may be circumstances where it is not appropriate for the requirements set out in para 2.14 for clearance of evidence to be followed. (Note also that the Senate resolutions provide that a witness may apply to have assistance from counsel during the course of a hearing (r.1.14 and r.1.15). See para 2.42.
Joint Statutory Committees
2.6 The Public Works Committee Act 1969, the Public Accounts Committee Act 1951 and the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Act 1979 provide for the summoning of witnesses and raise some special considerations. For example, s.23 of the Public Works Committee Act makes special provision for hearing of evidence on confidential matters and the Public Accounts Committee Act and the Public Works Committee Act have special provisions relating, among other things, to self-incriminating evidence (see ss. 19 and 25, respectively). In these and similar cases, the special provisions of the relevant Acts take precedence.
Preliminaries to an inquiry
Requests for attendance
2.7 Generally requests for an official to attend a committee hearing in an official capacity, or to provide material to it, are made through the relevant Minister. There are, however, exceptions - for example the Estimates Committees and the Public Accounts Committee (see para 2.4). (Note also that the Senate resolutions provide that a witness will be invited to give evidence or produce documents, but may be summoned to do so if circumstances warrant such an order (r.1.1 and r.1.2).)
Choice of witnesses
2.8 A Minister may delegate to the departmental Secretary the responsibility of deciding the official(s) most appropriate to provide the information sought by the committee. It is essential that the official(s) selected should have sufficient responsibility or be sufficiently close to the particular work area to be able to satisfy the committee's requirements.
Preparation of witnesses
2.9 It is also essential that all witnesses are thoroughly prepared for hearings. Such preparation should include ensuring familiarity with probable lines of questioning, either by discussion with the committee secretariat or, in the case of Estimates and similar inquiries, by ascertaining from the committee secretary or from Hansard and other sources the issues that are likely to be of interest to committee members. Officers who have not previously attended committee hearings should receive briefing on the requirements, and senior officers should satisfy themselves, so far as possible, that all witnesses are capable of giving evidence creditably.
Consultation with Ministers
2.10 As appropriate, witnesses should consult the Minister before a hearing and, if required, the Minister representing in the other House. Examples of the need for such consultation would be in relation to possible claims that it would be in the public interest to withhold certain documents or oral evidence, or requests for the hearing of evidence in camera (see paras 2.22 to 2.38).
Senate resolutions
2.11 Officers appearing before Senate Committees should also make themselves aware of the Senate resolutions relating to the rights of witnesses (r.1.1-r.1.18) and matters which may be treated as a contempt of the Parliament (r.3 and r.6.1-r.6.16)
Preparation of written material
2.12 In the normal course, departments should provide a written statement on which subsequent oral evidence will be based (see r.1.4). In addition, where a committee asks written questions, written replies should be provided. All written material (authorised in accordance with these guidelines) should be sent to the committee secretary.
2.13 When the interests of several departments are involved, adequate consultation is to take place in preparing material and making arrangements for witnesses to attend.
Clearance with Minister
2.14 Submissions should be cleared to appropriate levels within the department, and normally with the Minister, in accordance with arrangements approved by the Minister(s) concerned.
Matters of policy
2.15 Such submissions:
(a) should not advocate, defend or canvass the merits of government policies (including policies of previous Commonwealth governments, or State or foreign governments);
(b) may describe those policies and the administrative arrangements and procedures involved in implementing them;
(c) should not identify considerations leading to government decisions or possible decisions, in areas of any sensitivity, unless those considerations have already been made public or the
Minister authorises the department to identify them; and
(d) may, after consultation with the Minister, and especially when the Government is encouraging public discussion of issues, set out policy options and list the main advantages and disadvantages, but should not reflect on the merits of any judgement the Government may have made on those options or otherwise promote a particular policy viewpoint.
2.16 In relation to the matters in para 2.15(a) above, the proper course is for Ministers to make written submissions, to appear personally, to arrange for Ministers representing them to appear personally, or to invite committees to submit questions on policy issues in writing.
2.17 In relation to para 2.15(c), the normal course is for Ministers to canvass the material in these categories, but if departments are to canvass such material, they should clearly bring it to the Minister's attention when seeking clearance for the submission.
Requests for more time to prepare evidence
2.18 The Minister (or the department on his or her behalf) may ask the committee for more time to prepare evidence, if the notice is considered insufficient. The Senate resolutions provide for a witness to be given reasonable notice and an indication of the matters expected to be dealt with (r.1.3).
Conduct during hearings
General Principles
2.19 As described above (para 1.1), it is intended, subject to the application of certain necessary principles, that there be the freest possible flow of information between the public service, the Parliament and the public. To this end, officials should be open with committees and if unable or unwilling to answer questions or provide information should say so, and give reasons. It is also, of course, incumbent on officials to maintain the highest standards of courtesy in their dealings with parliamentary committees.
2.20 These guidelines, and particularly paras 2.15 and 2.32-2.36, should be read in the context of the Freedom of Information Act 1982 (the FOI Act). The Act establishes minimum standards of disclosure of documents held by the Commonwealth. It is not, however, a code governing release of documents or information generally as there are many other means of obtaining information from Government (e.g. press releases, annual reports, etc.). Any material which would not be exempt under this legislation should (with the knowledge of the Minister in sensitive cases or where the Minister has a particular interest or has been involved) be produced or given, on request, to a parliamentary committee. Moreover, it may be in the public interest to provide to the committee a document or information for which exemption would normally be claimed under the Act. The exemptions in the Act should therefore be viewed from the perspective of the proper role and functions of the Parliament.
2.21 So far as relevant, the guidelines in paras 2.12-2.18 above relating to written material apply also to oral evidence.
Limitations upon officials' evidence
2.22 There are three main areas in which officials need to be alert to the possibility that they may not be able to provide committees with all the information they seek, or may need to request restrictions on the provision of such information. These are:
(a) matters of policy;
(b) public interest immunity; and
(c) confidential material where in camera evidence is desirable.
The conduct of official witnesses in relation to these areas is described in detail below (paras 2.25-2.38).
Clarification or amplification of evidence
2.23 In addition, committees may occasionally seek information which may properly be given, but where officials are unsure of the facts, or do not have the information to hand. In such cases witnesses should qualify their answers as necessary so as to avoid misleading the committee, and, if appropriate, should give undertakings to provide further clarifying information. It is particularly important to submit such further material without delay.
Questions about other departments' responsibilities
2.24 It is also important that witnesses should take care not to intrude into responsibilities of other departments and agencies (see also para 2.13). Where a question falls within the administration of another department or agency, an official witness may request that it be directed to that department or agency or be deferred until that department or agency is consulted.
2.25 The role of an official witness is not to comment on policy but to speak to any statement provided to the committee and to provide factual and background material to assist understanding of the issues involved. The detailed rules applying to written submissions (para 2.15) also apply to oral evidence. Note, however, that such restrictions do not necessarily apply to statutory officers (see para 2.49).
2.26 The Senate resolutions provide that "An officer of a department of the Commonwealth or of a State shall not be asked to give opinions on matters of policy, and shall be given reasonable opportunity to refer questions asked of the officer to superior officers or to a Minister" (r.1.16). The resolutions also prescribe the procedure by which a witness may object to answering "any question put to the witness" on "any ground" (r.1.10). This would include the ground that the question requires the witness to give an opinion on a matter of policy contrary to r.1.16. In such a situation an officer may ask the person chairing the committee to consider whether questions which fall within the parameters of policy positions (outlined in para 2.15) are in order. Moreover, the resolutions provide scope for a witness to make a statement about matters of concern to the witness in pre-hearing discussions before appearing at the committee hearing (r.1.5).
2.27 If an official witness is directed to answer a "policy" question, and has not (in line with para 2.17) previously cleared the matter with the Minister, the officer should ask to be allowed to defer the answer until such clearance is obtained. Alternatively, it may be appropriate for the witness to refer to the written material provided to the committee and offer, if the committee wishes, to seek elaboration from the Minister; or to request that the answer to a particular question be reserved for submission in writing.
Public interest immunity
Claims to be made by Ministers
2.28 Claims that information should be withheld from disclosure on grounds of public interest (public interest immunity) should only be made by Ministers (normally the responsible Minister in consultation with the Attorney-General and the Prime Minister).
2.29 As far as practicable, decisions to claim public interest immunity should take place before hearings, so that the necessary documentation can be produced at the time. The normal means of claiming public interest immunity is by way of a letter from the Minister to the committee chairman. The Attorney-General's Department should be consulted on appropriateness of the claim in the particular circumstances and the method of making the claim.
2.30 As a matter of practice, before making a claim of public interest immunity, a Minister might explore with a committee the possibility of providing the information in a form or under conditions which would not give rise to a need for the claim (including on a confidential basis or in camera, see paras 2.35-2.36).
Matters arising during hearing
2.31 If an official witness, when giving evidence to a committee, believes that circumstances have arisen to Justify a claim of public interest immunity, the official should request a postponement of the evidence, or of the relevant part of the evidence, until the Minister can be consulted.
Scope of public interest immunity
2.32 Documents - or oral evidence - which could form the basis of a claim of public interest immunity may include matters falling into the following categories that coincide with some exemption provisions of the FOI Act:
(a) material the disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause damage to:
(i) national security, defence, or international relations; or
(ii) relations with the States;
including disclosure of documents or information obtained in confidence from other governments;
(b) material disclosing any deliberation or decision of the Cabinet, other than a decision that has been officially published, or purely factual material the disclosure of which would not reveal a decision or deliberation not officially published;
(c) material disclosing any deliberation of or advice to the Executive Council, other than a document by which an act of the Governor-General in Council was officially published;
(d) material disclosing matters in the nature of, or relating to, opinion, advice or recommendation obtained, prepared or recorded, or consultation or deliberation that has taken place in the course of, or for the purpose of, the deliberative processes involved in the functions of the Government where disclosure would be contrary to the public interest;
(e) material relating to law enforcement or protection of public safety which would, or could reasonably be expected to:
(i) prejudice the investigation of a possible breach of the law or the enforcement of the law in a particular instance;
(ii) disclose, or enable a person to ascertain the existence or identity of a confidential source or information, in relation to the enforcement or administration of the law;
(iii) endanger the life or physical safety of any person;
(iv) prejudice the fair trial of a person or the impartial adjudication of a particular case;
(v) disclose lawful methods or procedures for preventing, detecting, investigating, or dealing with matters arising out of, breaches or evasions of the law the disclosure of which would, or would be reasonably likely to, prejudice the effectiveness of those methods or procedures; or
(vi) prejudice the maintenance or enforcement of lawful methods for the protection of public safety; and
(f) material subject to legal professional privilege.
It must be emphasised that the provisions of the FOI Act have no actual application as such to parliamentary inquiries, but are merely a general guide to the grounds on which a parliamentary inquiry may be asked not to press for particular information, and that the public interest in providing information to a parliamentary inquiry may override any particular ground for not disclosing information. For a more detailed understanding of the above exemption provisions, reference should be made to the FOI Act and to separate guidelines on its operation issued by the Attorney-General's Department.
2.33 In addition the following considerations may affect a decision whether to make documents or information available:
(a) secrecy provisions of Acts: Attorney-General's Department should be consulted when occasions involving such provisions arise; and
(b) court orders or subjudice issues : where the provision of information would appear to be restricted by a court order, or where the question of possible prejudice to court proceedings could arise, the Attorney-General's Department should be consulted although decisions on the application of the subjudice rule are for the committee to determine, not witnesses.
Classified documents
2.34 Documents, and oral information relating to documents, having a national security classification of 'confidential', 'secret' or 'top secret' would normally be within one of the categories in para 2.32, particularly para 2.32(a). Before producing a document bearing such a classification, an official witness should seek declassification of the document. (Note that it does not follow that documents without a formal security classification may not be the subject of a claim of immunity. Nor does it follow that classified documents may not in any circumstances be produced. Each document should be considered on its merits and, where classified, in consultation with the originator.)
In camera evidence
2.35 There may be occasions when a Minister (or, on his or her behalf, the departmental Secretary) would wish, on balancing the public interests involved, to raise with the committee the possibility of an official producing documents or giving oral evidence in camera, and on the basis that the information be not disclosed or published except with the Minister's consent (see r.1.7, r.1.8 and r.2.7). It should be noted that Estimates Committees have no power to take evidence in camera or to treat documents submitted to them as in camera evidence.
2.36 If, when giving evidence to a committee, an official witness believes that circumstances have arisen to justify requesting that evidence be heard in camera, the official should make such a request if the possibility has been foreshadowed with the Minister or should ask for the postponement of the evidence or the relevant part of the evidence until the Minister can be consulted. (The Senate resolutions provide that "A witness shall be offered, before giving evidence, the opportunity to make application, before or during the hearing of the witness's evidence, for any or all of the witness's evidence to be heard in private session, and shall be invited to give reasons for any such application. If the application is not granted, the witness shall be notified of reasons for the decision." (See r.1.7 and also r.1.8 relating to the publication of evidence given in camera.)
2.37 These circumstances might include cases where:
(a) although a claim of public interest immunity could be justified, the Minister considers that the balance of public interest lies in making information available to the committee;
(b) while a claim of immunity may not be appropriate, other social considerations justify the committee being asked to take evidence privately. Examples, which parallel other exemption provisions in Part IV of the FOI Act, are evidence the public disclosure of which would:
(i) affect law enforcement or protection of public safety;
(ii) have a substantial adverse effect on financial or property interests of the Commonwealth;
(iii) prejudice the attainment of the objects or effectiveness of procedures or methods for the conduct of tests, examinations or audits of a Commonwealth agency;
(iv) have a substantial adverse effect on the management or assessment of personnel, or on the proper and efficient conduct of the operations of a Commonwealth agency including the conduct by the Commonwealth of industrial relations;
(v) unreasonably disclose information relating to the personal affairs of any person. Note also that the Senate resolutions provide that a committee may consider taking in camera evidence reflecting adversely on a person (see r.1.1-r.1.13, r.2.1-r.2.3). The Privacy Act 1988, in particular Part III which explains Information Privacy Principles, is also relevant;
(vi) reveal business affairs, including trade secrets or other commercially sensitive information;
(vii) reasonably be expected to have a substantial adverse effect on the management of the economy or on the conduct of business generally; or
(viii) disclose material obtained in confidence;
(c) similar or identical evidence has been previously given in camera to other hearings of the committee or other committees of the Parliament and has not been made public.
Committee requests for evidence off the record
2.38 An official who is asked by a committee to give evidence 'off the record', unless this refers to evidence given in camera or evidence of which there is to be no transcript taken, should appreciate that technically there is no such category as 'off the record' evidence which has any special protection or status. In the event an official is asked to give evidence 'off the record', however, he/she should request a postponement until the Minister can be consulted, unless the possibility has been clearly foreshadowed with the Minister.
Protection of submissions and witnesses
Parliamentary privilege
2.39 The act of submitting a document to a parliamentary committee is protected by parliamentary privilege: Parliamentary Privileges Act 1987, paragraph 16(2)(b). Any publication of the submission other than to the committee, however, is protected by parliamentary privilege only if that publication takes place by or pursuant to the order of the committee, in which case the content of the document is also protected: paragraph 16(2)(d) of the Act. The protection of parliamentary privilege means that a person cannot be sued or prosecuted in respect of the act or the material protected, nor can that act or material be used against a person in legal proceedings. The unauthorised disclosure of a document or evidence submitted to a parliamentary committee, that is, a disclosure not authorised by the committee or the House concerned, may be treated as a criminal offence under section 13 of the Act or as a contempt (r.6.16.).
Contempt of the Parliament
2.40 It is an offence against s.12(1) of the Parliamentary Privileges Act for a person, by fraud, intimidation, force or threat, by the offer or promise of any inducement or benefit, or by other improper means, to influence another person in respect of any evidence given or to be given before a House of the Parliament or a committee, or to induce another person to refrain from giving any such evidence. It is also an offence, under s.12(2) of that Act, for a person to inflict any penalty or injury upon, or deprive another person of any benefit, any person on account of the giving or proposed giving of any evidence, or of any evidence given or to be given, before a House or a Committee. It should be noted that the existence of s.12 of the Parliamentary Privileges Act does not prevent imposition by a House of a penalty (see s.12(3)). In particular, those kinds of conduct are also punishable as a contempt by the Senate (r.6.10 and r.6.11 respectively) or the House of Representatives.
Self incrimination
2.41 In general a witness cannot refuse to answer a question or produce documents on the ground that the answer to the question or the production of documents might incriminate the witness. The exceptions to this are witnesses appearing before the Public Accounts Committee or the Public Works Committee (see s.19 of the Public Accounts Committee Act, s.25 of the Public Works Committee Act and para 2.6). In such cases parliamentary privilege protects a witness against only that evidence itself being used against the witness outside the Parliament; (for example, as evidence in proceedings before the courts). A witness may request the committee to take the evidence in camera in those circumstances (see r.1.7 and r.1.8). The Senate resolutions also outline a procedure for considering claims by a witness that he or she not answer a question on grounds of self-incrimination (r.1.10 and r.2.5).
Access to counsel
2.42 A witness may apply to have assistance from counsel in the course of a hearing. In considering such an application, a committee shall have regard to the need for the witness to be accompanied by counsel to ensure the proper protection of the witness. If an application is not granted, the witness shall be notified of reasons for that decision (see r.1.14). If an application is granted, the witness shall be given reasonable opportunity to consult general counsel during a committee hearing (see r.1.15).
2.43 In normal circumstances officials should not need counsel when appearing before parliamentary committees. Should the need arise, however, the Attorney-General's Department should be consulted.
Correction of Evidence
2.44 After perusing the record of their evidence, official witnesses should propose for the committee's consideration any necessary corrections for incorporation or noting in the published record. Where these affect the substance of evidence previously given, it may be necessary to seek the agreement of the committee on the way in which the correction should be made, e.g. by tendering a subsequent statement. The Senate resolutions provide that "Reasonable opportunity shall be afforded to witnesses to make corrections of errors of transcription in the transcript of their evidence and to put before a committee additional material supplementary to their evidence" (r.1.17).
2.45 Also, if a witness believes, after perusing the record, that he or she has omitted some relevant evidence, the witness should, having consulted with the Minister (or departmental Secretary), seek leave of the committee to lodge a supplementary statement or to give further oral evidence. All supplementary written material (authorised in accordance with these guidelines) should be forwarded to the committee secretary.
Publication of evidence
2.46 Evidence provided to committees in a public hearing is normally published in the form of a Hansard record.
2.47 Authority for the publication of evidence, whether taken in public or in camera, is vested in Parliamentary committees by virtue of s.2(2) of the Parliamentary Papers Act 1908. Evidence taken in camera is confidential and its publication without a committee's consent constitutes a contempt (see s.13 of the Parliamentary Privileges Act 1987 and r.6.16.). Note, too, that s.46 of the FOI Act provides for documents to be exempt if disclosure would infringe parliamentary privilege.
Proposals to publish in camera evidence
2.48 If a committee seeks an official witness's concurrence to publish the witness's in camera evidence, he or she should ask the committee to delay the decision to enable the witness to consult the Minister or the departmental Secretary. A committee will not normally authorise the publication of in camera evidence without the concurrence of the witness, although such concurrence is not a binding requirement (see r.1.8).
Official witnesses from statutory authorities
2.49 Members of authorities which have statutory public information and education roles clearly are able to express views on the policy responsibilities of their authorities. However, care should be taken to avoid taking partisan positions on matters of political controversy. In other respects these guidelines should be followed as far as is relevant including in relation to claims of public interest immunity (see para 2.28).
Appearance in a 'personal' capacity
2.50 There is no intention for there to be any restriction on officers appearing before parliamentary committees in their 'personal' capacity. An officer so called, however, should pay heed to the guidelines relating to public comment contained in the Guidelines on Official Conduct of Commonwealth Public Servants (July 1987). As the guidelines emphasise, it is particularly important for senior officials to give careful consideration to the impact, by virtue of their positions, of any comment they might make. Indeed heads of agencies and other very senior officers need to consider carefully whether, in particular cases, it is possible for them realistically to claim to appear in a 'personal' rather than an 'official' capacity, particularly if they are likely to be asked to comment on matters which fall within or impinge on their area of responsibility. An officer who is appearing before a committee in a personal capacity should make it clear to the committee that the officer's appearance is not in an official capacity.
3.1 It is quite appropriate for officials, subject to ministerial authorisation, to make themselves available to brief party committees to assist them in understanding the technical and factual background to government policies and proposals, including details and/or explanations of proposed legislation. Departmental officials will not be expected, or authorised, to express opinions on matters of a policy or party political nature (see paras 2.15 and 2.25). The guidelines for submissions to and appearances before parliamentary committees apply to briefing of party committees, subject to paras 3.2-3.7 below.
3.2 Committee requests for such briefing should be directed to the Minister concerned. It will also be open to Ministers to initiate proposals for briefing of committees, where they consider this to be desirable.
3.3 Where considered appropriate or desirable, Ministers may elect to be present at discussions with Government party committees, to deal with questions of a policy or party political nature.
3.4 Where the Minister does not attend the committee proceedings, officials should keep the Minister informed of the nature of the discussions and of any matters the officials could not resolve to the committee's satisfaction.
3.5 Party committees do not have the powers or privileges of parliamentary committees. Consequently officials appearing before them do not have the protection afforded to witnesses appearing before parliamentary committees (see paras 2.39 and 2.41). Party committee hearings, however, are not generally held in public.
4.1 Members of Parliament usually request information through the responsible Minister, but direct approaches to officials for routine factual information, particularly on constituency matters, are also traditional and appropriate. When a request amounts to no more than a request for readily available factual information, the information should obviously be provided, although depending on the nature or significance of a request, an official may judge it appropriate to inform the departmental Secretary of the request and response. Ministers should be informed of any matter which is likely to involve them.
4.2 There may be other occasions where a Member of Parliament's request raises sensitive issues. For example, where expressions of opinion are sought on government policies or alternative policies, as distinct from explanation of existing policies. Officials will not be expected or authorised to express opinions on government policies, policy options or matters of a party political nature. Information provided may, however, include details of administrative arrangements and procedures involved in the implementation of approved policies or legislation.
4.3 If a Member of Parliament seeks expressions of opinion on government policies or policy options, it would be appropriate to suggest that the Member pursue the matter with the Minister. Similar action would be appropriate if a request raised other issues of a sensitive nature, or where the answering of a request would necessitate the use of substantial resources of the department or authority.
4.4 Care should be taken to avoid unauthorised disclosure of classified or otherwise confidential information - for example, where a breach of personal or commercial privacy could be involved.
4.5 Where an official considers that the terms of a request would require going beyond the authorised scope of the above arrangements, the official should so indicate to the Member, and would be at liberty to raise the matter with the departmental Secretary and the Minister and, if desired, with the Public Service Commission.
Special arrangements for pre-election consultation with officials by the Opposition
4.6 On 5 June 1987 the Government tabled in the Parliament specific guidelines relating to consultation by the Opposition with officials during the pre-election period. These guidelines, which are almost identical with guidelines first tabled on 9 December 1976, are as follows:
(i) The pre-election period is to date from three months prior to the expiry of the House of Representatives or the date of announcement of the House of Representatives election, whichever date comes first. It does not apply in respect of Senate elections only.
(ii) Under the special arrangement, shadow Ministers may be given approval to have discussions with appropriate officials of government departments. Party leaders may have other Members of Parliament or their staff members present. A departmental Secretary may have other officials present.
(iii) The procedure will be initiated by the relevant Opposition spokesperson making a request of the Minister concerned who is to notify the Prime Minister of the request and whether it has been agreed.
(iv) The discussions will be at the initiative of the non-government parties, not officials. Officials will inform their Ministers when the discussions are taking place.
(v) Officials will not be authorised to discuss government policies or to give opinions on matters of a party political nature. The subject matter of the discussions would relate to the machinery of government and administration. The discussions may include the administrative and technical practicalities and procedures involved in implementation of policies proposed by the non-government parties. If the Opposition representatives raised matters which, in the judgement of the officials, sought information on government policies or sought expressions of opinion on alternative policies, the officials would suggest that the matter be raised with the Minister.
(vi) The detailed substance of the discussions will be confidential but Ministers will be entitled to seek from officials general information on whether the discussions kept within the agreed purposes.
5.1 It would be only in exceptional circumstances that an official would be summoned to the bar of a House of the Parliament and each case would need individual consideration.
5.2 As a general rule, it would be appropriate for these guidelines to be followed insofar as they apply to the particular circumstances.
6.1 The guidelines for submissions to and appearances before parliamentary committees generally apply to submissions to and appearances before other public inquiries, and to the preparation and presentation of speeches by officials in their official capacity.
6.2 Subject to these guidelines, officers, other than those employed in areas where national security or other reasons demand confidentiality, should be prepared to make themselves available to attend and address conferences in their areas of professional expertise. Speeches in such circumstances should aim to provide the necessary factual information and analytical material to promote informed public discussion. Such activities should be regarded as part of the normal interchange of information between government and community groups.
6.3 The Minister may decide to authorise the departmental Secretary to clear material for speeches. Subject to ministerial guidance, the Secretary is responsible for instituting appropriate departmental rules. Officials will often also find it necessary to speak in their official capacity without having the opportunity to clear the substance of their comments (for example, in open discussions at public seminars). In such cases officials should heed the rules laid down by the departmental Secretary and the Guidelines on Official Conduct of Commonwealth Public Servants concerning public comment by public servants. In particular, they should avoid taking partisan positions on policy issues or matters of public controversy.
Foreign Service
6.4 Heads of Australian diplomatic or consular posts and senior officials serving abroad have the responsibility in countries to which they are accredited to explain, advocate or defend the Government's international and domestic policies through public speeches, conferences, media enquiries, appearances before host government parliamentary committees, etc. It may not always be possible for officers to obtain ministerial or departmental clearance. It is expected, however, that public comment will be consistent with authorised policies in all respects.
Royal Commissions and bodies with Royal Commission powers
6.5 Officials appearing before Royal Commissions established by the Commonwealth should take note of the provisions of the Royal Commissions Act 1902. The categories of evidence enumerated in para 2.32 above are also appropriate to claims of public interest immunity before a Commonwealth Royal Commission. The circumstances in which the Commission might be asked to hear evidence in camera are also likely to be the same as those listed at para 2.37 above.
6.6 An official appearing before a Commonwealth Royal Commission or similar body may not refuse to answer a question (or to produce a document or other item) on the ground that the giving of the answer or the production of the document or item might tend to be self-incriminatory. This rule does not apply where an official has been charged with an offence and the charge has not been finally dealt with by a court or otherwise disposed of.
6.7 Where guidance is required regarding counsel for officials - including about legal aid - advice should be sought from the Attorney-General's Department.
State inquiries (parliamentary and other)
6.8 Where additional guidance is required regarding appearances before State inquiries, advice should be sought from the Attorney-General's Department. Such advice should also be sought where a claim of public interest immunity may be under consideration.
Courts and tribunals
6.9 Where officials require further guidance or counsel in respect of their appearance before and giving evidence to courts of law and tribunals - particularly concerning possible claims of public interest immunity - advice should be sought from the Attorney-General's Department.


text:
| E-mail
Contact: Terry Collins
Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology
United Nations University International Institute for Global Health
Mansurah Raisa Ab Rahim
Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology
Khairul (Kim) Bariah Mahmud
603-9171-5394 ext. 157
United Nations University International Institute for Global Health
United Nations University will help pioneer a fresh trail in global health research, exploring links between the planet's health and human health at an institute in Kuala Lumpur generously supported by Malaysia.
As the world's post-2015 development agenda takes shape, including new sustainable development goals (SDGs), the UNU International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH) has been assigned a new mandate focused on several key issues of universal concern, including:
The recent report of the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change underscored the threat climate change poses to Earth's life-support systems, including:
Endowed by Malaysia with $40 million, UNU-IIGH funding is supplemented by support from sources worldwide.
"Our goals include advancing a detailed understanding of the specific risks ahead and underlining for the public and policy-makers alike the wealth of positive health-related co-benefits available from action on climate change," says UNU-IIGH Director Anthony Capon.
For example, a study co-authored by UNU-IIGH and published in March (at http://bit.ly/1hHmxOp) identified Uganda's under-18 population as the most vulnerable of all age groups to water-related health risks rising with climate variability -- including cholera, typhoid, acute diarrhea, and dysentery.
The study warns that changes in climate worldwide and the variability of intensive rainfall patterns and flash flooding threaten more pandemics of such waterborne diseases and exacerbation of the incidence of infections, such as those borne by ticks.
Risks, opportunities in urbanization
Similarly, Dr. Capon adds, the rapid, ongoing urbanization of the world presents both risks and opportunities for human and environmental health.
"Cities concentrate people and economic activity and, therefore, they also concentrate resource consumption and waste production. This means that the way cities work can affect the health of people and planetary systems."
He adds: "During the next 20 to 30 years, the UN estimates 2 to 3 billion will be added to the population of the world's urban areas, more than 1 million people every week. Most of this population growth will be in medium-sized cities in low- and middle-income countries. This global urban transition offers an unparalleled opportunity to improve urban development and thereby protect the future health of people and ecosystems."
"It's imperative that we integrate our thinking about the health of people and our planetary systems and trends in order to clearly anticipate and mitigate problems ahead," says Prof. Tan Sri Zakri Abdul Hamid, Science Advisor to Malaysia's Prime Minister, co-chair of MIGHT, and Chair of a major new UN body on biodiversity and ecosystem services (IPBES.net).
"Though advancing slowly, threats to human health posed by such phenomena as climate change, biodiversity loss and haphazard urbanization are profound, and achieving and acting with broader perspective is fundamental. Helping the world create new insights into and address these concerns is a critical new assignment for UNU-IIGH and Malaysia is proud to host and support this work."
Says Malaysian Minister of Education II Dato' Seri Idris Jusoh: "UNU-IIGH is an important example of Malaysia's increasing contributions to global development in low- and middle-income countries. As well as UNU-IIGH, we are pleased to host UN University's finance and human resources centre here in Kuala Lumpur."
Adds the Minister: "With the increasing number of dengue cases occurring around Malaysia and outbreaks such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome -- Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) and avian influenza, as well as the emerging crisis of non-communicable diseases (obesity, diabetes, heart disease, cancers, tobacco epidemic) and health issues related to rapid urbanization and global environmental change, it is critical that Malaysians avail ourselves of the expertise of UNU-IIGH, which has been working to further so many important global health initiatives around the world."
Solid research foundation
A national of Australia and New Zealand, Dr. Capon notes that the foundation for meeting UNU-IIGH's new planetary and human health-focused assignment rests on solid research capabilities and results established in the institute's first seven years.
Among several other IIGH contributions to peer-reviewed health science to date:
Assisting developing countries
UN Under Secretary-General David Malone, Rector of UN University, notes that "a major focus of UNU-IIGH is on helping developing countries to enhance their capability to deal with threats to human health, and to facilitate innovation and the dissemination of information."
Later this year, he adds, Dr. Zakri will become Chair of the UNU-IIGH Board of Advisors, succeeding the founding chair Dr. Abdallah Daar of Oman. Both men are members of the UN Secretary-General's new 26-member Scientific Advisory Board.
Says Dr. Malone: "The Government of Malaysia is an exceptionally generous supporter of UN University. We are thankful also to all those who have steered this institute through its earliest stages of growth, especially my friend and colleague Dr. Daar and founding Director Tan Sri Dato' Mohamed Salleh Mohamed Yasin of Malaysia. They have guided UNU-IIGH to a firm, valuable presence in the important arena of global health."
As outgoing Advisory Board Chair, Professor Daar, based at the University of Toronto, adds his praise of the UNU-IIGH, noting the institute has recruited excellent research fellows and gradate students from many countries.
"The affiliation of UNU-IIGH with universities in Malaysia is one of its key strengths, as is the great support it receives from the national government," says Dr. Daar. "It has delivered major, urgently needed public health training programs in developing countries like Yemen, and pioneered the development of free software and regional training programs for case-mix and health care information systems. It has also put environmental health on the regional agenda with its major studies in neighboring countries like Cambodia, examining the impact of environmental toxins such as arsenic in the water supply."
Tony Capon and Zakri Abdul Hamid elaborate on an important dimension of UNU-IIGH's new focus on human health and planetary change -- how to address the rising epidemic of obese and overweight people -- in an commentary at http://bit.ly/1kv8xlo.
About UN University
Established in 1973, United Nations University (UNU) is a global think tank and postgraduate teaching organization headquartered in Japan. The mission of the UN University is to contribute, through collaborative research and education, to efforts to resolve the pressing global problems of human survival, development and welfare that are the concern of the United Nations, its Peoples and Member States.
In carrying out this mission, the UN University works with leading universities and research institutes in UN Member States, functioning as a bridge between the international academic community and the United Nations system. Through postgraduate teaching activities, UNU contributes to capacity building, particularly in developing countries.
About UNU-IIGH
The UNU International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH) was founded in 2007 with a US $40 million endowment from the Malaysian Government. Based in Kuala Lumpur, it is one of 13 UNU institutes and programs located in 12 countries.
The mission of the UNU-IIGH is to build knowledge and capacity for decision-making about global health issues.
UNU recently joined the International Council for Science (ICSU) as a co-sponsor of a new 10-year global interdisciplinary science program on Health and Wellbeing in the Changing Urban Environment - A Systems Analysis Approaches. The ICSU Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (also based in Kuala Lumpur, at the Academy of Sciences, Malaysia) has already developed a regional implementation plan for this program and is supporting several research and capacity building initiatives in the region.
In coming years, this urban health programme will be rolled out progressively around the world and is expected to attract substantial research funding from foundations and other research funding agencies. UNU-IIGH contributions will include capacity building in systems methods for population health research; development and evaluation of metrics for healthy urban development, particularly those relevant to low and middle income countries; and leadership training for city planners, elected officials, public health workers and others.
Earlier this month, UNU-IIGH hosted its first intensive course on urbanization and health using systems approaches that attracted 31 participants from 18 countries across that Asia-Pacific and African regions, including Papua New Guinea, The Philippines, Bangladesh, Nepal, Yemen, Morocco, Ghana, Togo, Cote D'Ivoire, Kenya and Uganda.
About the Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology
MIGHT is a not-for-profit company limited by guarantee under the purview of the Prime Minister of Malaysia. Built on the strength of public-private partnership with more than 100 members, both local and international, from industry, government and academia, MIGHT is dedicated to providing a platform for industry-government consensus building in the drive to advance high technology competency in Malaysia.
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|King James Version (KJV)
|New International Version (NIV)
|11 And Herod with his men of war set him at nought , and mocked him, and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him again to Pilate.
|11 Then Herod and his soldiers ridiculed and mocked him. Dressing him in an elegant robe, they sent him back to Pilate.
|The King James Version is in the public domain. (The King James Bible Version Online)
|Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online)


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Biotech Calendar: Key Dates for October
BOSTON ( TheStreet) -- The October biotech calendar is chock-full of potentially stock moving events, including a dozen drugs facing U.S. approval decisions.
Phase III or pivotal studies that could report results in October:
- Bristol-Myers (BMY) Squibb's melanoma drug ipilimumab.
- Corcept Therapeutics' (CORT) Corlux in Cushing's syndrome.
- Seattle Genetics' (SGEN) brentuximab vedotin in anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
- Cyclacel Pharmaceuticals' (CYCC) seliciclib in non-small cell lung cancer.
Oct. 1
FDA drug approval decision: Hospira' (HSP) Dyloject for acute moderate-to-severe pain in adults.FDA drug approval decisions: Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) Nucynta for pain indications. Oct. 4 FDA drug approval decision: Human Genome Sciences' (HGSI) Zalbin for hepatitis C. Oct. 8-12 European Society for Medical Oncology annual meeting. Data presentations to include Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) (abiraterone), Oxigene (OXGN) (Zybrestat), Seattle Genetics (SGN-75), Allos Therapeutics (ALTH) (Folotyn) and Arqule (ARQL) (ARQ197). The Obesity Society annual meeting. Stocks of interest include Arena Pharmaceuticals (ARNA), Vivus (VVUS) and Orexigen Therapeutics (OREX). Oct. 11 FDA drug approval decision: Alexza Pharmaceuticals' (ALXA) AZ-004 for agitation in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. FDA drug approval decision: Jazz Pharmaceuticals' (JAZZ) JZP-6 for fibromyalgia. Oct. 12 FDA drug approval decision: Alkermes (ALKS) Vivitrol for opioid addiction. Oct 13-16 European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS) annual meeting. Data presentations to include Sanofi-Aventis (SNY) (Teriflunomide), Biogen Idec (BIIB) and Elan (ELN) (Tysabri) and Genzyme (GENZ) (Campath). Oct. 18 FDA advisory panel to discuss the use of erythropoeisis-stimulating agents in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney failure. Amgen (AMGN) (Aranesp, Epogen), Johnson & Johnson (Procrit) and Affymax (AFFY) (Hematide). Oct. 19 BioMarin Pharmaceuticals (BMRN) analyst/investor day. Oct. 20 Genzyme third-quarter earnings announcement. Oct. 22 FDA drug approval decision: Arena Pharmaceuticals' (ARNA) lorcaserin for obesity FDA drug approval decision: Amylin Pharmaceuticals (AMLN), Alkermes and Eli Lilly's (LLY) Bydureon for diabetes. Oct. 28 FDA drug approval decision: Vivus' (VVUS) Qnexa for obesity. Oct. 29 FDA drug approval decision: Avanir Pharmaceuticals' (AVNR) Zenvia for pseudobulbar affect. FDA drug approval decision: Forest Labs (FRX) ceftaroline for Community Acquired Pneumonia. Oct. 30 FDA drug approval decision: Biodel's (BIOD) Linjeta for diabetes. Exact Sciences (EXAS) presentation of external validation study of its genetic stool test for colon cancer. --Written by Adam Feuerstein in Boston.
>To contact the writer of this article, click here: Adam Feuerstein. >To follow the writer on Twitter, go to http://twitter.com/adamfeuerstein. >To submit a news tip, send an email to: firstname.lastname@example.com.
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The texture is the least thing that I like about it. It really runs like mashed banana smoothie, and smells like rotten banana too. However, it is not at all greasy when applying it to hair, and even without conditioner afterwards, it is still quite smoothing. I have used only half a bottle since this item is so popular it always is difficult to find in store. I kind like it, I usually use this type of shampoo for 3-4 times per week and the icy blue one for the rest of week, my hair is dandruff free, and smooth, shiny.
I overall like the idea of body shop shampoos for no SLS, silicons, so I shall keep purchasing TBS shampoos.
1 out of 1 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
The only plus of this is that it smelled really really good. It wasn't too fake-banana-y, just a nice, rich, fruity scent. However, this dried out my hair like nobody's business. Also, it's full of sulphates, and although it didn't say it wasn't, I was still disappointed. The bottle was really small too, and the price was a bit high for the quantity.
This smells soooooo goooood...I purchased it without even giving it any thought. This shampoo dint do anything for my hair. It made it so rough, unmanageable and gave me lots of tangles. The conditioner dint help much. At just one wash I lost so much hair that equals losing in 3 washes!!! The smell dint even last for an hour. It did give shine but what's the point? I lost so much hair and ended up having it dry and straw-like. I used rusk leave in after that, dint work! Next wash I tried TiGi leave in...dint work!! The last wash I tried Aussie leave in and still dint work... I have lost a LOT of hair now!! I ended up giving the shampoo to my friend who likes it a lot. I am never repurchasing it again. I use the conditioner to wash my cashmere sweaters once a while and they really smell great.
1 out of 1 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
I need a lot of this shampoo to get a decent lather. It smells AMAZING. I purchased this and the conditioner (BOGO-Free) so I spent a total of $8CDN. Unfortunately this shampoo is really drying and leaves my hair lifeless and brutal to comb unless I use a good conditioner. The packaging is fine. I won't buy again though.
It is a nice shampoo. Hair feel good, smells nice too. But it contains not 1 but 5 types of paraben. Not buying it anymore.
Great smell and pleasant to use, but left my hair dry and hard to style. Didn't work for me unfortunately!
Retails at $18AUD per bottle in Australia.
I have been using the shampoo and conditioner for about a month now and straight up: not worth buying.
The smell is fantastic. It is the banana fruit smell and not the artificial banana candy smell (much to my disappointment actually, but I still like it). However, when my hair dried and I went out a few of my friends said my hair smells like coconut, not banana.
The shampoo cleanses really well. It really did give me a squeaky clean feeling but that consequent lots of tangles.
My expectations werent high to begin with and I only bought it because they smell delicious and I have always been curious if The Body Shop hair products were any good. I have used way cheaper supermarket brands (eg Palmolive) and I get the same and/or better results, as well as better and longer lasting smelling hair.
I would not recommend this product unless you like the smell and want to try it out for yourself. 3 out of 5 stars.
Leaves out may hair dry dull and lifeless mostly, dont like it much
2 lippies for smell and eco friendly packaging
So at first I was like hmmm..its okay. BUT over time I ended up really liking it and I recently ran out so I am going to buy more! I also use this with the conditioner. This shampoo thoroughly cleans your hair and paired with the conditioner, makes it soft and shiny. It isn't the best as far as performance goes, but I was looking for a protein free, cone free shampoo and this is it. Although it does have Polyquaternium-7 (can turn into formaldehyde) and parabens but overall it does a good job.
1 out of 1 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes No
I am so thrilled that The Body Shop reintroduced their Banana Shampoo.....it was a favorite of mine in the 1990s and I was shocked when they discontinued it in favor of a new line of shampoos (which are all gone now, of course). I guess they realized their mistake and made the wise decision of bringing it back (I mean seriously, aside from the Banana shampoo & conditioner, a couple of body washes and their White Musk, The Body Shop would have no raison d'etre!) I love the gentleness of this shampoo on my thick, curly hair, the rich conditioning qualities of the formula (with real banana as the 3rd ingredient!) and of course I LOVE the natural banana scent (no banana tafffy here!) I will continue to purchase this shampoo as long as they decide to make it! :-)
PS- I also recommend the companion banana conditioner, which has been reformulated and greatly improved!


text:
Do you have anything to add to this page? Have we made any mistakes... or do you ahve any additional information about Miss Lilly Comes To Dinner? If so, we would love to hear from you. Please send us a quick note with your additions or corrections to this page, and we will make the corrections as soon as possible!
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Miss Lilly Comes To Dinner
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Miss Lilly Comes To DinnerMiss Lilly Comes To Dinner (2002) - Angelina Ballerina Cartoon Episode Guide
This page has been viewed 26 times this month, and 439 times total.
HIT Entertainment Finty Williams, Dame Judi Dench Roger McIntosh, Kitty Taylor Katharine Holabird Colin Towns
- 2002
- HIT Entertainment
- Angelina Ballerina Episode Guide
- Cartoon Characters: Angelina, Miss Lilly, Mr. Mouseling, Mrs. Mouseling, Priscilla Pinkpaws, Penelope Pinkpaws.
- Vocal Talent: Finty Williams (Angelina), Dame Judi Dench (Miss Lilly).
- Directed By Roger McIntosh, Kitty Taylor.
- Written By Katharine Holabird (Original Books).
Submit Additional Information:
Cartoon Summary:
Angelina goes through a lot of trouble preparing a special dinner for her ballet instructor.
Cartoon Comments:
Do you love Miss Lilly Comes To Dinner, or do you think it is the worst cartoon ever? Let us know what you think! Surely you have an opinion... so share what you think. Take a minute and post your own comments about this cartoon here.
Yes! We have a mobile site. Click here for the Mobile Version of Miss Lilly Comes To Dinner


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What's NewDesigns for iOS7
Wanted-Editor Upgrade
App DescriptionTurn your or your friend's picture into a "Wanted" poster!
Enter your name, reward and take a photo ,use several stage properties ,such as "fingerprint" "blood" "WANTED Themes"... to decorate your "WANTED POSTER".
PRO version:
App Changes
November 20, 2013 New version 3.0
August 20, 2013 New version 2.2
April 23, 2013 New version 2.1
August 01, 2012 Initial Release


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Jack and the team investigate the disappearance of Stephanie (SANDRA NELSON), a singer in a church choir. Stephanie's choir director informs the agents that the missing woman had been unusually emotional at the last choir practice and requested to perform a particular hymn on Sunday but then failed to show up to sing it.
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Throwback Thursday! Older women with osteoporosis are at a higher risk of fracture resulting from a fall due to their decreased bone mineral density (BMD). While osteoporosis itself may not contribute to falls, other factors such as poor balance, reduced strength, and even poor posture can increase the risk for falls. Various exercise programs with TheraBand […]
Tag Archives: older adult
Reducing Fall Risk Factors in Women with Osteoporosis
Thera-Band group exercise program improves fitness among older adults
Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Thera-Band® exercise programs in older adults including significant improvements in "functional fitness" including strength, balance, mobility, and gait speed. Researchers in Japan, led by Dr. Nobuo Takeshima have been evaluating the effects of "well-rounded exercise programs" using Thera-Band elastic bands and Stability Trainers in older adults for many […]
First Step to Active Health exercise program proven effective in older adults
Exercise programs for older adults can improve physical capacity and quality of life. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends a well-rounded exercise program for older adults including strength, cardiovascular, flexibility, and balance activities. Thera-Band® products have been successfully used in many published studies of older adult exercise programs. Despite the wealth of evidence demonstrating […]
Thera-Band Elastic Resistance Products Enhance Geriatric PT Certification Program
Akron, Ohio – Through a donation of Thera-Band® Professional Resistance Exercise products, Performance Health is underwriting the exercise equipment costs for the American Physical Therapy Association/Geriatric Section's geriatric PT certification program. The program, Certified Exercise Experts for Aging Adults (CEEAA), provides physical therapists with the training to develop and demonstrate expertise in the design and […]
Power training with Thera-Band elastic resistance more effective for older adults
As we age, we lose muscle mass through a condition called "sarcopenia," which is the age-related loss of muscle fibers. Sarcopenia can lead to decreases in strength and function in older adults, which can increase the risk for disability and injury. Muscular power and reaction time are also important components of function and injury prevention […]
A successful treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis is a painful condition caused by an inflammation of the plantar fascia, affecting nearly 2 million in the US annually (Martin et al. 2001). While most cases of plantar fasciitis are resolved with conservative treatment within a year, severe cases usually result in a surgical intervention. A recent case report in the Journal […]
Improving functional ability in older adults with Thera-Band
As the population continues to age, the number of functionally-impaired and disabled older adults will increase as well, leading to an increase in the need for institutionalization and associated increase in healthcare costs. Several research studies have shown that exercise is effective at improving function in older adults; however, few have examined the effects of […]
Regular exercise in assisted living maintains function and reduces falls
As the aging population increases, many older adults are moving into assisted living facilities to maintain their independence. Exercise programs are now a standard offering at most assisted living facilities not only as a 'benefit,' but also to maintain functional independence and prevent falls. Programs such as the First Step to Active Health using Thera-Band […]
Exercise program effective for Japanese very elderly
Exercise is an effective intervention to reduce the decline in functional ability in older adults. Thera-Band elastic resistance bands have been used in several exercise studies focused on reducing disability in older adults. Japanese researchers developed a 12-month multi-component exercise program including both home-based and group-based exercise sessions. 31 older adults with low levels of […]
Thera-Band Exercise Station helps Older Adults Improve Functional Fitness
It's well-known that exercise is important for older adults to maintain health and function. Many studies have shown that Thera-Band® resistance is effective at improving strength and function in older adults. Dr. Michael Rogers, Chair and Professor at Wichita State University's Department of Human Performance Studies, collaborated with researchers at Nagoya City University in Japan. […]
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Dear Dr Phil, Its been a few months that I feel pain in my elbows and arms. My physician told...December 9, 2014
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Hello Dr Phil, Before starting flexbar i had an MRI where inflammation of medial tendon was...September 28, 2014
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Amnesty International
SCOTUS must block NSA snooping
Opinion: Threats to national security cannot be an excuse to throw out the judicial system.
Amnesty International: Arrest Bush
Human rights group Amnesty International calls on Canadian officials to arrest the former president.
Tough test for 'certain justice' pledge
Critics say the administration "couldn't have chosen a worse case" for its first military commission trial.


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Harbor House is open to any person who has been diagnosed with a mental illness. Membership also means being at least 18 years of age as this is a club for adults and members need to provide their own transportation, to attend.
It is a voluntary program where members work on their recovery at their own pace through a combination of working with their advisor, being part of a unit, and accessing our services such as housing, employment, education.
How to become a Member of Harbor House:
Step 1: Contact us at 401-273-5100. An informal tour will be scheduled for you.
Step 2: After having the tour, you will be asked to have a referral form completed by a medical professional/social worker.
Step 3: The completed form may be delivered in person or mailed to us at 12 Bassett St. Providence RI 02903
Step 4: After the referral form is reviewed, you will be contacted by phone to arrange an orientation.
Orientations are scheduled several times a month. New members are asked to select a staff advisor and develop a goal plan.


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By Michael E. Miller
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FL Doctors Comes Out Against Medical Marijuana
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He didn't decide to leave in an instant; Jones cites a frustration that grew over the years. His refusal to discuss all but a few colleagues also indicates that he was at least cognizant of some of the resentment directed at him. "I won't say anything bad about SERC," Jones says. "I mean, I love SERC, okay? And I love a lot of those people. And I won't say anything about the ones I don't love."
There is some disagreement over how much the loss of Jones's presence will cost SERC in grant money. Jones believes the center will eventually lose as much as four million dollars annually, while Santana-Bravo says, "No one can look into a crystal ball." The Army Corps of Engineers offered FIU the option of retaining a three-million-dollar grant on the condition that the school let Jones supervise some of the work, according to spokeswoman Amanda Olafson. "They declined," she says.
They also declined to talk much about the director of a prominent research institution resigning just when his prestige could have helped the university tap into the eight billion dollars committed to the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. Repeated calls to Mendoza's office were never returned by anyone other than Santana-Bravo. Calls to the office of FIU president Modesto "Mitch" Maidique met with the same response. Few at SERC -- employees, students, or administrative staffers -- had anything to say, possibly because they want to stay out of the wrangling over laboratory equipment, and possibly to avoid publicly choosing sides. After all, if Jones's treatment at the hands of Mendoza is any indication, the administration is not afraid to bully undesirables.
Meanwhile life at Portland State University has been a pleasant surprise for Jones. "I spent my entire professional career at FIU, so I know how it works," he explains. "PSU is a comparable size and also fairly young, so I thought things would be the same. But the whole bureaucracy is so much more efficient. And the students! At FIU you go to the student lounge and it's so loud you can't even think. Here you go to a lounge and the students are studying. Studying, not dancing."
Jones will continue to work in South Florida, though not with the research center he founded. And he'll continue to influence Everglades policy as a highly respected scientist, though FIU will not share the spotlight with him. "Ron's an important guy, and he's been an important guy for years," Terry Rice says. "He's also a person who's very different from your average individual. At FIU, they just couldn't get past that."
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Great Spacious Floorplans....All Utilities Included. Elevator Building. New Card Operated Laundry Room.Off Street Parking.Pool
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9th July 2013
Elton John to undergo surgery for appendicitis and cancels shows 4
4:20 PM — Sir Elton John has been forced to cancel a headline performance in Hyde Park after being diagnosed with appendicitis.
14th June 2013
X Factor star Marcus Collins takes part in anti-hate crime campaign video 1
12:02 PM — Former X Factor singer Marcus Collins, a previous victim of a homophobic physical assault, has joined forces with Merseyside Police to raise awareness about hate crime in a campaign video.
5th June 2013
Behind the Candelabra producer Jerry Weintraub says film will 'change' Hollywood 5
6:58 PM — The executive producer of Behind the Candelabra, the new film about iconic gay pianist Liberace, which stars Michael Douglas as the lead character, says the movie "is going to change the film business in America".
29th May 2013
George Michael leaves hospital after car accident 4
5:19 PM — George Michael has left hospital nearly two weeks after suffering head injuries in a crash on the M1.
24th May 2013
Friend of George Michael slams car accident suicide rumours as 'absurd' 12
5:49 PM — One of George Michael's closest friends has blasted reports suggesting the star threw himself out of a moving car at 70mph last week in a bid to end his own life
21st May 2013
George Michael's lucky escape after falling out of a car travelling at 70mph 7
1:04 PM — Further details have been revealed about last week's motorway crash involving George Michael.
17th May 2013
George Michael suffers minor injuries in motorway car crash 8
2:20 PM — George Michael is being treated for cuts and bruises following a rush-hour crash on the M1 motorway.
9th May 2013
Ricky Martin writes to Puerto Rican governor in LGBT rights call 3
6:58 PM — Ricky Martin has urged Puerto Rican lawmakers to back measures that would extend adoption and other legal protections to the US territory's LGBT residents.
2nd May 2013
Lance Bass: 'At least one member of One Direction is probably gay' 12
11:24 AM — In a TV interview where he was asked about One Direction, Lance Bass says it can be even harder for a gay boy band member to be open about their sexuality compared to a sports star.
29th April 2013
Elton John: My feud with Madonna is now over 10
1:01 PM — Sir Elton John has managed to end his showbiz feud with Madonna.
23rd April 2013
Marc Almond: 'Why would gay couples want to get married in a church that thinks you are a sinner?' 58
1:09 PM — Marc Almond has questioned same-sex couples who wish to get married in churches that refuse to welcome them "with open arms," the singer also thinks it's a mistake to expect religion to modernise.
12th April 2013
Interview: Matt Fishel on his new album Not Thinking Straight 3
7:01 PM — PinkNews' Laurence Watts has interviewed gay singer-songwriter Matt Fishel, ahead of the release of his debut album 'Not Thinking Straight'.
18th March 2013
Beth Ditto arrested and charged with disorderly conduct 4
3:34 PM — Lesbian US singer Beth Ditto has been arrested and charged with disorderly conduct, police have said.
29th January 2013
Frank Ocean due to press charges against Chris Brown over car park brawl 3
12:26 PM — Bisexual R&B star Frank Ocean will reportedly press charges against Chris Brown following an altercation at a recording studio in Los Angeles on Sunday night (27 January).
8th October 2012
Will Young: I was ashamed of being gay and was addicted to porn 34
10:08 AM — In a new interview, Will Young has spoken about growing up ashamed of being gay and that he thinks it had a long term negative effect on his dating life, including being addicted to porn.
26th July 2012
Elton John thanked Jay-Z for marriage equality support 6
11:27 PM — Sir Elton John made a personal phone call to rapper Jay-Z to thank him for his support for marriage equality. In May, Jay-Z announced he agreed with President Obama's position on allowing gay couples to marry, saying: "What people do in their own homes is their business... It's no different than discriminating against blacks. It's discrimination plain and simple."
14th July 2012
Adam Lambert: 'America is in the middle of a big civil rights movement' 11
11:53 PM — Pop star Adam Lambert says American attitudes to homosexuality are changing so fast, the country is in the middle of a "big civil rights movement".
Elton John says he 'wasted a big part' of his life on drugs 4
11:51 PM — Sir Elton John has spoken candidly about his past drug use, saying he "wasted a big part" of his life. The singer, speaking to the Today show for a forthcoming broadcast, said he was "consumed by cocaine, booze and who knows what else" earlier in his career.
5th April 2012
Joe McElderry to headline Pride Glasgow 21
12:00 PM — Joe McElderry, the gay singer and winner of the X Factor and Popstar to Operastar has been confirmed as the headline act at Pride Glasgow this year.
12th August 2011
Ricky Martin says women still flirt with him 17
5:32 PM — Gay singer Ricky Martin says women still try to seduce him, a year after he came out. The star said he was flattered, but uninterested.


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Film review: 'Crazy Heart'
Date: February 10, 2010
by: Pam Nadon | Film Critic
Jeff Bridges is riding mighty high these days. His performance in "Crazy Heart" is generating so much attention it looks as though he's a shoo-in for an Oscar this year. And that's a tough call given the outstanding work from all of the nominees for Best Actor.
Bridges plays Bad Blake (gotta love the name), a broken-down alcoholic country singer who's been reduced to playing in bowling alley bars. But that's OK for Bad. Getting by is all he cares about — until he meets Jean (Maggie Gyllenhaal, also up for an Oscar). Twenty-five years his junior, she manages to re-ignite that long lost spark of hope, which Bad so desperately needs.
Few actors have maintained the flawless reputation acquired by Bridges over the course of 35 years. He possesses that rare gift of becoming his character. As you watch him in films such as "The Big Lebowski" and "Starman," you truly believe he's the guy. Acting without acting defines Bridges' immense talent.
As if it couldn't get any better, Bridges sings and plays the guitar in "Crazy Heart," adding vast credibility to his performance. The original-and-totally-rockin' songs are written by T-Bone Burnett and Stephen Bruton. Colin Farrell (who also does his own singing) plays Bad's protégé with such respect it almost seems like art imitating life. Halfway through the film, Robert Duvall shows up in a small but powerful role as Bad's old friend. Not bad casting for first time director and former actor Scott Cooper.
Bad Blake is a guy who buckles up when he gets out of the car (having urinated en route via plastic container). Somehow it just seems right. As I see it, The Dude has magnificently morphed into Bad Blake, and it's a damn fine move.
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- Dec
22 PMP Sarasota Winter Residency: Student Recital
7:00 pm
- Dec
23 PMP Sarasota Winter Residency: Student Recital
7:00 pm
- Dec
24 PMP Sarasota Winter Residency: Orchestra Rehearsal
5:00 pm
- Dec
26 The Art of the Violin Gallery Showings
11:00 am
Food and fun
The Lakewood Ranch Business Alliance and its Young Leaders Alliance have something to talk about: the organizations collected 764 pounds of nonperishable food and $1,295 cash to benefit The Food Bank of Manatee/Meals on Wheels PLUS.
Parade perfect
River Club's Cheryl Kaufman says she's still pinching herself.
Santa lineup
A little "Ho! Ho! Ho!" can go a long way this holiday season.


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Sesame Street Guest StarsTalk91
27,465pages on
this wiki
this wiki
Category page
Over 600 guest stars and celebrities who have appeared in episodes of Sesame Street.
See also: guests appearing in Sesame Street specials and Sesame Street home video.
The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 671 total.(previous 200) (next 200)
(previous 200) (next 200)


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- Advice
- Games
- Toys
- Entertainment
- School Stuff
- Sports
Spy Kids Movie ReviewApr 12, 2001
What starts off as a bedtime story quickly turns into a real life spy adventure for Carmen and Juni. Spy Kids is all about action, adventure and the coolest toys this side of video games.
Mirwais :: The Electronica TrendsetterApr 13, 2001
You may not know who Mirwais is but you've probably heard his work. He's one of the hottest dance music trendsetters around. Mirwais is responsible for producing most of Madonna's CD Music.
From First Look to First KissApr 18, 2001
All of a sudden, that goofy kid you played tag with has turned into a hottie. It's confusing. Your face gets hot and words just don't come out right. It's called a crush - here's how to deal...
Buying Tips for Soccer CleatsApr 13, 2001
Make sure you've got the right gear when you step on the soccer field. Check out these tips for buying new soccer gear.
Game Boy Advance UpdateApr 13, 2001
The Tokyo Game Show had a whole bunch of Game Boy Advance action going on. There were demos of games and a chance to try out the system and see how it plays. Is it good? Is it bad? Find out.
Bye Bye RerunsApr 13, 2001
New episodes of our fave shows are on their way. It's hard to believe. The WB has had so many of repeats Buffy, Angel and Roswell it kinda makes you feel like you've got a permanent case of Deja Vu.
2001 Blockbuster Entertainment Awards Sneak PeekApr 16, 2001
The Blockbuster Entertainment Awards are almost as cool as the MTV Movie Awards. The show honors achievements in film, music and video games and is voted on by you! Read on for a sneak peak...
The Sims :: Kids Submit PC Game ReviewApr 17, 2001
The computer game I am going to write about is The Sims. You can tell the characters what to do. You can give them names, make them cook, watch TV, dance, play, go on the computer etc.
Hemp and Beer Shampoo ReviewApr 20, 2001
You've probably been told to stay away from beer and that wacky green leaf that "pot" comes from. Well, here's a product that has both and it's okay to use. It's a beer and hemp shampoo!
Survivor - Episode 10Apr 17, 2001
Everyone is enjoying the lack-of-Jerri factor but the celebration is cut short by hunger. The hunger pains are making them crazy. Crazy enough to give up shelter and pay $120 for four Dorritos.


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2010 Chateau de Chambrun Lalande de Pomerol
"This captures the ripeness of the vintage nicely, with lush linzer torte and blackberry notes carried by plush, well-integrated structure."
-Wine Spectator, 89 to 92 pts.
"Chateau Chambrun is emerging as a worthy…
Read more »
Reviewed by: The Wine Advocate - 90pts
Available - Check All Stores »
2010 Chateau Les Cruzelles Lalande de Pomerol
"Sports a good coating of roasted apple wood to go with the core of juicy plum and steeped black currant fruit. Lively anise and clove notes stud the finish, with the toast hanging on. A touch…
Read more »
Reviewed by: Wine Spectator - 91pts
Available - Check All Stores »
2012 Chateau Les Cruzelles Lalande de Pomerol (Futures)
"A high-toned style, with pure violet, red currant and pomegranate notes, featuring a sleek, iron-tinged finish. Fresh and focused."
Reviewed by: Wine Spectator, 89 to 92 pts
"Aromas of chocolate, melted caramel, toffee and black…
Read more »
Reviewed by: The Wine Advocate - 90 to 92pts


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This page contains Cheats for Pool Paradise organized by sections for Gamecube. Pool Paradise is a Miscellaneous Parlor Billiards game, made by Awesome Developments, released on Jun 30, 2004 and published by Ignition Entertainment. If you can't find a hint or secret in our list, then please check this page periodically for the latest updates.
- Developer:
Pool Paradise Gamecube CheatsAwesome Developments
- Publisher: Ignition Entertainment
- Genre: Miscellaneous Parlor Billiards
- Release Date: Jun 30, 2004
- ESRB: Everyone
Laser Sight ($100): Helps your aim. HUD Goggles ($5,000): Show ball paths. Stuffed Dodo ($2,500): Unknown Coconut Shy mini-game ($3,000) Skeepool mini-game ($3,000) Hidden Cave mini-game ($5,000) Darts mini-game ($4,000) Dropzone mini-game ($8,000)...From: leiarox
After buying the Hidden Cave mini-game at the store, go to the practice table. Start a game, and point towards where the hidden cave is supposed to appear. From the break position, go to the right at about the 2 O'clock position and point at the cave located there. If done correctly, you will be abl...From: megamanstar5567
Stuck on this game? Set a specific, clearly defined question and let others answer your question or view answers to previously asked questions. If you think you are an Pool Paradise expert then please try to help others with their questions.
Evolution Snowboarding - (USA) Gameplay
- Aug 25, 2014, Views: 188
Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix - Gameplay video
- May 28, 2014, Views: 293
Rampage: Total Destruction - gameplay
- May 28, 2014, Views: 242
Super Mario Strikers - Super Mario Stikers gameplay
- May 28, 2014, Views: 283
- Pokemon Box: Ruby And Sapphire - Japanese Review Trailer, (GC)
- Adventures Of Jimmy Neutron Boy Genius: Attack Of The Twonkies - Gameplay Footage, (GC)
- Pikmin 2 - Review Trailer, (GC)
- Spider-Man 2 - Review Trailer, (GC)
- WarioWare Inc.: Mega Party Games - Gameplay, (GC)
- Pokemon Colosseum - Review Trailer, (GC)
- Viewtiful Joe - japanese Review Trailer, (GC)
- Sonic Heroes - Review Trailer, (GC)
- Muppets Party Cruise, (GC)
- BioHazard 4, (GC)
- Kidou Senshi Gundam: Senshitachi No Kiseki, (GC)
- Knockout Kings 2003, (GC)
- Konjiki No Gashbell: Go! Go! Mamono Fight, (GC)
- James Bond 007: From Russia With Love, (GC)
- Evolution Snowboarding, (GC)
- Army Men: Air Combat - The Elite Missions, (GC)
- Asterix And Obelix XXL, (GC)
- Atsumare!! Made In Wario, (GC)
- Kim Kardashian: Hollywood - Gameplay, (iPhone-iPod)
- Episode: Choose Your Story - Gameplay, (iPhone-iPod)
- How To Train Your Dragon 2 - Ready To Fly Trailer, (Wii)
- The Settlers - Kingdoms Of Anteria - Announcement Trailer, (PC)
- Entwined - Quick Look Trailer, (PS3)
- Blue Estate - Official Launch Trailer, (PS4)
- Goat Commando 3D Simulator - Gameplay, (iPhone-iPod)
- Munin - Official Launch Trailer, (iPad)


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Recovery for vaginal delivery - page 3
I am looking to see when the recovery from a vaginal delivery starts at other hospitals. Where I work we start it when the MD/midwife has completed all repairs, placenta is delivered and basically they are ready to walk out of... Read More
- 0Dec 27, '09 by cherokeesummerElvish I'm with you, I would be totally shocked if all my patients came over tucked into bed and already showered LOL! No way, most of the time they are still partially numb, or at least a little shellshocked and we are expected to do all of their care, orientation, plus recovery (once we get them we recover them with vs and fudal checks q30 mins x 4 ad q 1hour x 2, then q 4 hrs x 24 hrs and the q shift unless there are problems), plus our other couplets (average for us is 5 most days) and do other work (vital signs, i's ad o's, pass meal trays, change linens, empty foleys on surgery patients, assist with circumcisions, etc.).
- 0Dec 27, '09 by blaquediamondzRNAt my hospital we do 1 hr recovery for vag and 2 hr for c/s before transferring to M/B depending on complications. baby stays with mom for vag and for c/s baby goes to nursery for assessments, meds ect until mom is stable. MB does couplet care usually 3-4 depending. Before mom goes to M/B she has to be stable, and at least voided once. No requiremnent on showering though. We do teach skin-to-skin/breastfeeding within the 1st hr.


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Not in my wildest dreams would I have sought to be living Highland Avenue South. Yes, "The South" was always a place I wanted to be but Highland Avenue South in Birmingham, Alabama? I don't think so!
Living Highland Avenue South is wonderful. Picture a green and prosperous neighborhood and you get a good picture. Not quite 'over the mountain' but just about that spot geographically. It is as beautiful a neighborhood as you could possibly wish for and at the same time living Highland Avenue South is a huge challenge for a 'flat land' runner like me.
All along Highland Avenue South you can find the most wondrous vistas and at the same time experience the most excruciating training runs.
Suddenly names like Niazuma Avenue become the equivalent of Kilimanjaro. No longer do I think that I can run the upcoming Wine and Dine Half Marathon in Orlando in November, no, I think that having signed up for the Pixie Dust Challenge in May of 2015 was cheer insanity!
Whenever I train for the upcoming races – and train I do – I feel exhausted and totally overwhelmed. There are muscles that hurt I did not know I even had and try as I may there is simply no long distance road I can possible map which does not involve some crazy elevation.
Having said all this I would not want to live anywhere else in Birmingham but on Highland Avenue South. I recognize that I am blessed to have found a neighborhood that is beautiful, welcoming and historical. I have three parks to pick from, each one of them in literally five minutes walking distance from my doorsteps.
At any given time and everywhere I look there are historical homes and the buzz of Five Points South and the entertainment district. The homes on Highland Avenue South are amazing such as the Donnelly House, a prime venue for weddings located a mere three minutes walk from my home.
Is living Highland Avenue South the Dulcinea of my Dream?
So what am I whining about? Nothing much really except for the physical pain of learning to run in a hilly terrain.
But wait, there is a little more. If I am honest I admit that deep inside there is the dream of a place where palms are swaying in the wind, a place that illuminates nightly to a tune that dreams are made off. A home I never called my own, a home that family and friends feel is far fetched for someone like me, a home that no matter what everyone else says, I still desire. Is it a realistic dream? Nope but does it really matter?
For now I will run like if my life depended on it. I'll be running and living Highland Avenue South and save the dreams of Windermere for a later time. Windermere after all sounds like putting a name on a windmill. I just hope that – unlike in Don Quichote – Dulcinea will indeed be waiting for me.


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The work of Stamatis Laskos, a 29 year-old street artist from Athens whose wonderfully unhinged portraits of his friends (along with other folk and occasionally animals) adorns walls all over Greece.
Tag Archives: Greece
University of Athens today announced it is to terminate all activities due to inability to fulfill its functions caused by cuts. #Greece
— Helena Sheehan (@HelenaSheehan) September 23, 2013
While, in Ireland…
University lecturers back Haddington Road (Irish Times)
The Corinth Channel, a canal that connects the Gulf of Corinth with the Saronic Gulf in the Aegean: 6.3km long with no locks and just 21.4m wide at its base, the canal is impassible for most ships and extremely snug for the one above.
Broadcasters take their seats in the studio for last main news program on ERT in Athens, Greece last night before the state broadcaster was shut down at midnight (10pm, Irish time), bringing demonstrators to the street.
Earlier: Greece Shuts Down Its RTE
Via Matina Stevis, Raul Pina, Spyros Gkelis, Roi Haikou, Daniel Trilling
Greece Shutting Down State Broadcaster to Cut Costs, New York Times
An ERT newsreader this evening.
Outlook: not scorchio.
The government in Greece announced it is shutting down the country's national broadcaster ERT. Government spokesman Simos Kedikoglou announced the corporation's television and radio stations will go off-air at midnight tonight. He said the corporation is a "characteristic case of lack of transparency and waste", that it has not been audited for eight years and that it costs Greek licence payers 300 million euros a year through their electricity bill. Kedikoglou said ERT had 3-7 times higher costs than private channels and low ratings. The sposkesman added that a new, leaner organisation will be created but did not specify when this would happen.
Greece shuts down national broadcaster (NewEurope)
A trailer of a documentary-in-the-making on how the financial crisis in Greece is affecting people's relationships.
Theopi Skarlatos writes:
"The Greek crisis is in its fifth year: the economy is collapsing, and society is under severe strain. This documentary aims to tell the untold story of the impact of crisis on people's relationships: on love, sex, divorce, marriage, dating, domestic violence and sex work."
On a @flyryanair flight that has just landed in the WRONG Greek island. Excuse? "Too dark" to land in correct airport. Furious passengers.
— Kate Mansey (@KateMansey) May 13, 2013
Still stuck on @flyryanair plane in wrong airport. Turns out they MAY be able to go Keffalonia after all.
— Kate Mansey (@KateMansey) May 13, 2013
Apparently we're now taking off again for our original destination of Keffalonia. Maybe they have found a torch. Well done @flyryanair.
— Kate Mansey (@KateMansey) May 13, 2013
Should you be giving the pro-life vigil a miss.
The Dublin offering on Saturday to an international day of solidarity with Greek anti-fascists to highlight the rise of the genuinely scary Golden Dawn party.
Chilling, short video on them here.
They make Aine look like Gandhi.
Demonstration At Greek Embassy (Indymedia)
List of worldwide events here
Thanks Conor
Greek police fired teargas and water cannons to disperse thousands of protesters who flooded into the main square before parliament on Wednesday in a massive show of anger against lawmakers due to narrowly pass an austerity package.
…In all, nearly 100,000 protesters – some chanting "Fight! They're drinking our blood" – packed the square and side streets in one of the largest rallies seen in months, police said.
Violence Erupts At Greek Protest, Parliament interrupted (Reuters)
Livestream here
Pix: Theodora Oikonimdes and Finnester67
(Thanks Mark Brislane)