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Category Archives: Torah
World Cat Day: A Jewish Perspective
Traditional Jewish thought sees the whole world as a laboratory for learning. On the one hand, everything has value in and of itself. On the other hand, everything points beyond itself to teach about something else.
Including cats.
Thursday August 8 was World Cat Day. Sources say that the International Fund for Animal Welfare inaugurated the holiday in 2002, but I can't find anything about it on the IFAW website. However the holiday came about, it's badly needed to raise world awareness of cats.
World Cat Day is especially needed to raise Jewish awareness of cats. If I asked you to tell me, off the top of your head, where cats appear in Jewish tradition, you would probably giggle and say, "Nowhere!" But if you were to search MyJewishLearning.com for information about cats, you might revise your answer.
Ordinary house and barn cats are revered as hunters, seers and teachers. Big wild cats evoke the King of King of Kings.
Every year, during the Passover Seder, we celebrate the cat whose bold hunt set history in motion. Yes, the cat that ate the kid that my father bought for two zuzim, chad gadya. The cat who teaches about the persecution of Jews, the folly of revenge, or the omnipotence of God – depending on how you interpret the Chad Gadya poem.
The Talmud honors cats as teachers of virtue. "Rabbi Yochanan observed: If the Torah had not been given, we could have learned modesty from the cat" (Eruvin 100b). Rashi says R. Yochanan praises the cat for its delicate habits of eliminating waste, but I myself learn modesty from the cat's thoughtfulness. From its hiding place, a cat can observe a situation in careful detail, before finally leaping out to make a bold, intelligent and successful move.
In Perek Shira, the "Song of Nature," cats teach the world humility by embodying a prophetic verse. "The cat says, 'If you rise up like a vulture, and place your nest among the stars, from there I shall bring you down,'" (Obadiah 1:14). No one, no matter how high or powerful, can escape the claws of a determined cat. Often, the vulture is a metaphor for imperial power. Through the cat, God teaches that even the most militarized empire is vulnerable to rebellion and decay.
In Hebrew Bible, big wild cats express divine power. Lions appear in Ezekiel's vision of the heavenly beings attending God's Presence. The Lion is the symbol of the tribe of Judah, lineage of King David. Members of the royal courts describe their kings as lions. Honoring a lion honors a king; honoring a king honors God.
Lions have been in the news recently. This month's National Geographic Magazine includes a story about the life of African Serengeti lions. The writing is realistic and balanced; lions are fierce predators, competing with one another for territory and family leadership. (No wonder they symbolize royalty!) When people fence off lands for farming or livestock grazing, they come into conflict with local lions, who attack livestock and their human ranchers. Sharing land responsibly requires balancing many factors. In Africa, many government agencies and private conservations groups are pursuing that balance.
Some factors, however, are out of balance themselves. For example, Friday's New York Times showcased an article about lion poachers in Africa. Not surprisingly, illegal terrorist organizations raise money through illegal activities. Activities include illegally hunting lions and selling their body parts.
Happy World Cat Day – not.
Of course you can argue that "terrorist" is a pejorative term for organizations that might be fighting a just cause. But still, something is wrong here. Human beings are taking animals and dragging them into our quarrels. We use them as as tools when we should revere them as teachers.
Cats can teach us never to attack without fully assessing the potential damage and to temper our political goals with humility. They can remind us that every creature has value in and for itself; that using any animal as a tool is intrinsically wrong; and that honoring animals honors God.
This year, World Cat Day coincided with day two of the Hebrew month of Elul. Elul is the month of self-reflection. How perfect.
Have we used others without their consent? Have we spoken badly of someone in order to gain advantage? Fired someone without due process? Profited financially by offering lies or partial truths?
Where could we have benefited from modesty and humility, or from ethically assessing a situation before acting?
Learn from our teachers.
Happy World Cat Day.
Image: facebook: black cats
Cross-posted at OnSophiaStreet.
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy
Researching God
Don't answer until you've done some rigorous research.
That's right, research: with a method, literature review, experimental design, data collection, analysis, conclusions, and proposals for future research.
Last week, I conducted a mini-study, and here is my research report.
Method: For a study of opinion, a phenomenological (experiential) method is best. Thus, I explore my subjective response to two different God concepts.
Literature review: This study explores two concepts found in Jewish sources: God as king and God as energy. Each concept offers a way of understanding Genesis Chapter One. Here God says, "Let there be light!" and light comes to be.
Readers in the Talmudic era (200-500 C.E.) pictured a King with a staff of thousands, quietly leaping to fulfill his every command, beginning with the creation of light.
Kabbalistic philosophers (c. 10th century) pictured an energy underlying all creation, in the way that breath underlies speech. Passed through a body's cavities, breath becomes sound. Passed through God's designs, divine energy becomes familiar ideas and objects.
Experimental design: The familiar Jewish practice of blessing is the technology used to explore the two concepts.
Talmud teaches that the world belongs to God the King. We inhabit it at the pleasure of our Divine landlord. We should pay rent at the rate of 100 expressions of gratitude per day. Each time we notice something extraordinary, we should say, "Baruch Atah Adonai Eloheinu Melech Ha'olam…Blessed are you, LORD our God, King of the Universe who ___________________."
Hasidic teachers (c. 1700-1800) use Hebrew etymology to recast the blessing as an appreciation of Divine energy. Baruch, traditionally translated as "blessing," is from a root that also means "fountain." Adonai stands in for YHWH, the Ineffable One. Elohim often refers to "God as revealed in creation." Melekh shares a root with malchut, a kabbalistic synonym for Shechinah, God's intimate maternal presence. The root of the word olam also means "elusive." Thus, each time we see something extraordinary, we should say the Talmudic words, and mean, "You are flow, beyond concepts, yet revealed in creation, intimately close, yet elusive and infinite, present in this ______________________."
Data Collection: On two summer days, I walked outdoors, taking ten minutes each day to notice extraordinary things. On the first day, I marked each thing noticed by saying in English the Kabbalistic interpretation of the blessing. On the second day, I did the same with the Talmudic interpretation. Each day I recorded my observations, thoughts and feelings.
Day One:
"You…are present in this abandoned spider web." Weather has frayed it into two kinds of tissue. The small, decaying thread opens onto potentially infinite information about the life form that produced it.
"You…are present in this dried-out maple seedpod." The veins in its leaf are secret pathways, feeding it, just as the membranes hidden in the human body feed us. Many life forms have many common structures. Does a single molecular code structure us all?
"You…are present as my phone rings with a missed call, but no message is left." My anxiety over lost information is insubstantial and yet overwhelming. What does its presence tell me about myself? Negative emotions are an opportunity to learn.
Day Two:
"Blessed are you…who created this flower." As I get close to a glowing, yellow buttercup with an intricate center, I feel as though I am in a royal garden. The world seems incredibly lush.
"Blessed are you…who caused this seed carrying hair to float and land." What a wondrous mechanism. My respect for the designer increases, but I do not speculate on how the designer operated.
"Blessed are you…who caused this crow to cross my path." Why, the crow must be one of the King's servants!
Analysis: "God as energy" brings my mind to familiar scientific and psychological questions. "God as King" helps me understand famous Jewish teaching stories about courtyards and angels of the king.
Conclusion: I believe in God as energy. This belief is consistent with my philosophical education. I do not believe in God as King. However, I find it a powerful metaphor.
Question for further research: Perhaps if I had more exposure to monarchy, I would take that metaphor literally as well.
You might be drawn to replicate this research project in your own life. Or you may think it would not be an authentic approach for you. By sharing the project, I invite you to research the God question on your own, drawing on tools of Jewish tradition. Practice responsible theology: research before believing. Over and over again.
Image: discussions4learning.com. Sources and Inspirations: Rabbi Judith Z. Abrams on Tractate Berachot, Jerusalem & Babylonian Talmuds; Rabbi Marcia Prager, The Path of Blessing; Catherine Marshall and Gretchen B. Rossman, Designing Qualitative Research. Cross-posted at On Sophia Street.
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy
Zimmerman Verdict: Reflections on Justice and Dialogue
George Zimmerman has been found "not guilty" in the murder of Trayvon Martin. The trial was high-profile and symbolic, and thus the verdict was quite upsetting to anti-racist activists. Jewish activists, moved by this upset, are in a good position to reach out to African-American communities, if we are willing to take the time.
Do I wish Martin had not been murdered? Yes. Torah says, "Do not murder." (Ex. 20:13). Torah teaches that a human being is created in the Divine image (Gen. 1:27). Murder is not just a crime against a person; it's a crime against creator, against a bottom line for any society (Gen 9:6). Talmud teaches that taking a life is like taking away an entire world: a person's future, his descendents, and all their futures (Sanhedrin 37a). Trayvon Martin, by many accounts, was a typical teen, poised to mature into a young man. One can observe the terrible bereavement of his family; one can never know for sure the potential good lost to the world.
Do I wish Zimmerman and other Americans were less poisoned by racism? Yes. Torah says, "Do not hate your brother in your heart" (Lev. 19:17). "If a foreigner lives among you, do not oppress him. An immigrant shall be to you like a citizen; love him as you love yourself, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt" (Lev. 19:33). George Zimmerman, by many accounts, was not a sophisticated thinker, took his job as a security volunteer beyond its limits, and spoke of African Americans in offensive ways. Negative emotions overtook him; he could not sit still, and thus he pursued when told not to, with tragic results.
Do I wish Zimmerman had been found guilty? No. Torah says, "Do not pervert justice or show partiality" (Deut. 16:19). The jurors took the judge's instructions seriously. They were asked to determine whether the prosecution proved its case beyond a reasonable doubt. They were not asked to determine whether Martin deserved to live or whether Zimmerman was a racist.
Do I hope the family will bring a wrongful death suit in civil court? Yes – if they are not too exhausted to do so. Torah says, "an eye for an eye…one who strikes an animal will pay damages; one who strikes a person will be executed" (Lev 24:2-21). After respectful debate about the Biblical context of this teaching, Talmudic scholars decided that, in their world, financial compensation for injury would replace revenge. True, they did not have murder in mind, but contemporary opponents of the death penalty take seriously some of their arguments regarding injury. A second ruined life does not console or compensate for a lost life. But financial compensation for suffering, health care, lost wages, and legal fees can make a concrete difference.
Do I wish that Jews would be more proactive about realizing these teachings: all human beings are created in the image of God, do not hate your brother in your heart, and do not pervert justice? Of course. As individuals living in a multicultural society, I think most of us do realize them. Many white Jews who live in racially diverse areas work, dine, volunteer and socialize with African-Americans. If we are at all reflective, we reflect on the dynamics of these relationships as we do with any other.
Do we use our professional and personal contacts to re-open dialogue between two communities who, a few decades ago, worked as allies in the civil rights movement? Not often enough. My mind is drawn back to the 1995 book by Michael Lerner and Cornel West, Jews and Blacks: A Dialogue on Race, Religion and Culture in America. Lerner and West ask each other difficult questions. For example: When Congress seems more sympathetic to Jewish concerns about Israel than to Black concerns about economic inequality, and Jews fail to criticize this, do Jews understand the ill-will it causes? When Black Christians affirm the Exodus narrative but don't reflect critically on anti-semitic elements of the Christian narrative, do they understand the racist perspectives they internalize? These are difficult questions to discuss without simply becoming defensive.
Both the American Jewish and Black communities are self-protective, and with good reasons. But there is strength in numbers, in coalitions, and in asking serious questions. Even if justice, in its strict procedural definition, was served in court this weekend, we know that social justice was not. Perhaps we, as leaders or members of small segments of the Jewish community, can use our personal contacts to initiate deeper dialogue between groups. Torah says, "Justice, Justice pursue!" (Deut 16:20)
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy
Who Is God? Seeking a Middle Ground
A great conversation starter, isn't it?
These days, in public debate, it seems to be a great conversation stopper.
Perhaps you are now thinking, "Yes, there is a creator, lawgiver, compassionate friend, and universal energy holding us!" Perhaps you know exactly who God is and how God operates. You've read the texts and you've experienced the faith. The fundamentals are real for you.
Or perhaps you are thinking, "Ridiculous! There is no invisible supreme being." You know that this entity does not exist independent of anyone's hopeful imagination.
In today's North American public debate about religion, no middle ground between these views seems to exist.
Usually a theist will describe God as creator, moral legislator, wish-granter, and redeemer.
Then an atheist will explain why one of those descriptors is false. For example: Species change through evolution, so God is not a creator. Human beings can figure out morality through social learning, so we don't need divine command. My prayers to end war and cure cancer were not answered, so no God is listening. Despite promises of redemption the world is as messed up as ever. So the whole concept is silly, naïve and self-serving.
Liberal religious people who are not fundamentalists must find this stalled debate rather frustrating. I do; I often find myself wanting leap up and offer an educated Jewish perspective. Judaism – even the religious part – doesn't require people to hold a specific view of God.
This week I get to do leap up! Today I'm on my way to teach a course called "Who is God?" at the ALEPH Alliance for Jewish Renewal Kallah.
The course description says: We speak of finding the Divine within. But who or what are we looking for — energy, witness, conscience, inner parent, or higher mind? Jewish tradition does not require us to choose only one. Torah, Jewish philosophy, and Kabbalah all make multiple faces of God available to us. Our task is to find the faces that call to us.
We'll begin the first class by asking ourselves a simple question: "What do we expect from God?" Perhaps we expect God to measure up to the fundamentalist description; perhaps we will be deeply disappointed if God does not. We would not be the first Jews to have high expectations; our Biblical ancestor Jacob set the tone. Even after a mind-blowing numinous dream of a ladder stretching up to heaven, and a personal introduction from a God-figure, Jacob says, "If you feed me, clothe me, and bring me home safely, I'll believe that you are God."
At the second class, we'll learn that Jacob's view of God the provider isn't the only classical view. The five books of Torah offer five different portraits of God. In Genesis, God has simple, easy relationships with people. In Exodus, God self-reveals with great ambivalence. In Leviticus, God is an impersonal force that must be tended. In Numbers, God is a highly emotional being. In Deuteronomy, God is a universal force, personally accessible to all human beings.
At the third class, with great philosophers as our teachers, we will talk about experiences through which people claim to perceive God. Maimonides reaches for God by pushing his intellect to the limits of what he can conceive. Emmanual Levinas finds traces of God in the faces of people. Franz Rosenzweig finds God in love.
At the fourth and final class, we will look at spiritual practice. If you know the experience that makes God seem real for you, how do you reach for it in spiritual practice? Would you use music, social action, prayer, meditation, or intellectual reflection? We'll explore our personal answers by responding to a few short Hassidic texts. Finally we'll ask each other, "How have these explorations helped you find a definition of God you can work with?"
When I peeked at my class list, I recognized a few names; I saw diehard atheists, spiritual seekers, and committed theists, all ready to start a badly needed conversation.
Cross-posted at onsophiastreet.com. Image: Michaelangelo, earthshinegreenliving.blogspot.com.
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy
God, Our Parent: Father's Day Reflections
When I was about twelve years old, I opened my younger brother's textbook, just out of curiosity. This textbook from Orthodox Jewish Day School was a Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, summary of a code of Jewish law. The edition was prepared specifically for children.
Rule One was, "Honor your father and mother because they are God's representatives on earth."
In what way, I wondered, are parents God's representatives? Are parents sent on a mission to earth, because God can't get down from Planet Heaven? Are they really authorized to be such unjust lawgivers?
Forty-two years later, I am still wondering.
But now I know the textbook was not simply summarizing a rule.
The textbook was presenting a profound statement about psychology and theology.
Father's Day is a good day to explore this statement. And Father's Day, for me, is a good day to remember how precious my late father, mother and aunt are to me.
Sure, they were people fueled by their own aspirations, stresses, successes and failures. And they did not hesitate to bring their full selves into parenting. But there is no other way to be a person in this world and, all things considered, they were a good trio.
And they continue to surprise me by how large they loom in my consciousness. Much of my wisdom came from them; so did my blind spots. Their daily routines still find expression in the way I wash dishes, seek a parking space, talk to my own children. Their presence is subtle, indefinable, and yet it's everywhere.
Just like one well-known experience of the ineffable God.
With my kind, supportive parents whispering constantly in my consciousness, I feel the universe holds me with unconditional love.
Had my parents been stern and critical, I might hear a different daily message. Perhaps I would be keenly aware that I am judged by a power greater than myself. A power with standards I can never fully meet, who calls me to continuous self-improvement.
Had my parents been harsh and unpredictable, I might feel the universe as a chaotic or frightening place. And much of my spiritual seeking might be for a grounding in inner peace.
Parents are one of our interfaces with God. Parents reveal God; parents conceal God; God-images are partly drawn from our relationships with our parents. We collect images from different phases of these relationships. The mature images don't fully supersede earlier, equally powerful ones. All help us grasp what people have meant by "God."
Personally, I have not fully let go of my pre-teen image of God as an unjust lawgiver, nor of my suspicion of the lawgiver's representatives. I still wonder: how can teachers claim to know the correct modern interpretations of God's laws? From whence comes their authority? Who says we should all do things "by the book" in an Orthodox way? What about the Reform principle of autonomy? Or the Reconstructionist principle of local peer group decision? Or the Renewal principle of identifying and fulfilling the existential-spiritual need driving the law?
These different approaches to Jewish practice also represent different developmental moments. We move from following parental authority to peer group authority to personal authority to growing self-understanding — and back again as needed. Each of these approaches represents a different relationship with our parents. And perhaps, by analogy, they represent different interfaces with the Divine.
Each interface is needed, and used, at different times, by all the modern Jewish movements. Perhaps their philosophies are not as irreconcilable as they claim to be. Perhaps, on this Father's Day, we can think of ourselves as a single family, with an ever-shifting set of relationships between us and our metaphorical Parent.
Sources of inspiration: William James, Varieties of Religious Experience; Anna-Maria Rizzuto, Birth of the Living God; Adin Steinsaltz, Thirteen Petalled Rose; Sigmund Freud, Civilization and Its Discontents. Image: My 8-year old birthday party. Mom and Aunt Sylvia laugh as I cry because Daniel L (also laughing) blew out my birthday candles. Cross-posted at OnSophiaStreet.
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy
Should Jews Care About Government Monitoring Our Phone Calls?
The NSA knows who you called last Tuesday at 8:00pm—should you care?
From an American civil liberties perspective, we have seen and heard a cacophony of reaction ever since news broke last Thursday, June 6, that the National Security Agency (NSA) has been given access to millions of our phone records, emails, and other personal information. Some see this as the unfortunate but necessary reality of living in a post-9/11 world in which the government needs greater access to information to combat terrorist threats. Others see this as a Constitutional violation of our privacy rights. Others, especially younger Americans who grew up with Facebook and Twitter, seem somewhat indifferent to the idea that the government is monitoring their communications. As the New York Times columnist Gail Collins recently put it, "After all, we live in a world where you can e-mail your husband about buying new kitchen curtains and then magically receive an online ad from a drapery company."
The key to this issue, I believe, is whether we can trust our government to use Big Data appropriately and judiciously; whether government can exercise self-restraint given the powerful technological tools at its disposal. Given this context, I think Judaism has a lot to say about how we ought to respond to the NSA story. Specifically, I suggest that both Torah and Jewish history urge us to towards a cautionary and skeptical approach to this type of governmental expansion of power. The historical argument requires little explanation here. Jews have been subject to the whims of governments for millenia. As but one example, much of the medieval history of European Jewry—whether in Spain, Portugal, England, France, or Italy—is simply the history of Jewish communities first being welcomed and then expelled. There were often reasons for optimism during the "Golden Years" of expanding opportunity and tolerance, whether in 13th century Spain or 19th century Germany. But government overreach into Orwellian states of horror were not that far away. And we, as a people, continue to have a moral imperative—both out of self-preservation and out of a desire to be a light among nations—to speak out against contemporary instances of government overreach. (Are we also allowed to kvell about the fact that the reporter who broke the story is a Jew named Glen Greenwald?)
What about Torah? It turns out that the Torah portion this week, Parashat Hukkat, has something to say about governmental overreach in times of crisis. In Numbers 20, mid-way through the portion, the Israelites lack water and complain to Moses and Aaron about their conditions. It is the latest in a litany of grievances offered up by the Israelites since they began their journey from Sinai. While Moses has been patient with them up till now, even interceding with God on their behalf when God grew wrathful with their complaints, this time Moses loses his cool. God tells Moses to take his rod, assemble the community, and order a rock to yield water for them to drink. Instead, Moses takes his rod, yells at the Israelites, and strikes the rock with his rod. Water pours forth and the community drinks, but Moses and his brother Aaron get punished by God for failing to follow the correct procedures. God tells Moses and Aaron that "because you did not trust Me enough to affirm My sanctity in the sight of the Israelite people, therefore you shall not lead this congregation into the land that I have given them." (Numbers 20:12).
How could Moses, who so punctiliously followed God's commands, screw up such a simple one? I suggest that, in the heat of the moment, Moses chose expediency over virtue. He had a problem, was angry that the people's grumblings continued to persist, was given access to a technology that would resolve the problem by creating water, and acted on it.
This preference for expediency over virtue is precisely why we should be worried. If the greatest leader our people ever had, Moshe Rabbenu, was susceptible to using his power in a less than ideal way, then how much the more-so should we expect today's leaders to overreach? "National security" has become one of the only bipartisan issue there is today, with both Democrats and Republicans sanctioning increased aggregation of power and spending of resources in response to every new threat or crisis. It is at times like these that the wisdom of our tradition, both textual and experiential, should compel us, as Jews, to speak out.
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy
Inclusion is a Jewish Imperative
Why do you try to be so inclusive? It's OBVIOUS that you are liberal because you care about these marginalized groups! Why do you have to be politically correct all the time?
These questions and more are often posed to Orthodox rabbis and individuals who care and advocate for the full inclusion of all Jews in organized Jewish life. Regardless of whether the advocacy is on behalf of people with differing physical and mental capabilities, women, LGBTQ Jews or others invariably there will be those in the community who label those actions of inclusion as gestures of political correctness and/or secular liberal values.
I would argue though that there is a deep underlying Jewish value for the full inclusion of all Jews in Jewish life that does not depend on someone being politically correct or solely motivated by secular liberal values. Indeed, full inclusion is an imperative that serves as a prerequisite for meaningful Jewish life for anyone and its roots are at Sinai:
"In the third month of the children of Israel's departure from Egypt, on this day they arrived in the desert of Sinai. They journeyed from Rephidim, and they arrived in the desert of Sinai, and they encamped in the desert, and Israel encamped there opposite the mountain. (Exodus 19:1-2)"
"Moses ascended to God, and the Lord called to him from the mountain, saying, 'So shall you say to the house of Jacob and tell the children of Israel…' (19:3)"
"Moses came and summoned the elders of Israel and placed before them all these words that the Lord had commanded him. And all the people replied in unison and said, 'All that the Lord has spoken we shall do!' and Moses took the words of the people back to the Lord. (19:7)"
The Torah in introducing the moment of Sinai emphasizes that all the people were present for the episode of the great theophany. The liberation from Egypt and the journey through the desert were for this experience. The people were forged into a nation through the servitude of Egypt but only at Sinai did they become a nation with destiny.
Rashi, the great medieval commentator, offers the insight quoting the early midrashic work Mekhilta, that the people were as "one person with one heart." The exceedingly large, disparate and diverse group of Jews encamped in the desert wilderness became unified in heart and soul. Each person valued intrinsically every other person in the community. No one person saw another person as an instrument towards a greater goal or, the reverse, as an impediment towards a desired outcome. Every member of the community was valued. Every member of the community was welcome. Every member of the community was powerfully present.
During the holiday of Shavuot we carve out a single time in the year where we attempt to recreate the experience of revelation. Many people have the custom to stay up all night studying in anticipation for the first rays of light of the revelation. We declare in our prayers that Shavuot is the "time of our receiving of the Torah." The truth is that while Shavuot is a specially designated time for recreating the Sinai experience, we are called upon to approach God and the Torah anew every day. Every day is a new opportunity to meet God in a revelatory experience through prayer, study and sacred interactions. The aspiration of the synagogue prayer experience is to encounter Sinai anew again every day.
However, the Sinai moment cannot be recreated, the mountain cannot be gathered around and God cannot be heard unless every member of the community is present just as they were at the first Sinai moment in the desert wilderness. The religious life of every Jew and the religious life of the entire community is deficient when not everyone is able to be present. That is why it is so fundamentally important that historically marginalized groups are treated with dignity, respect and honor just like anyone else in the community. When the barriers towards inclusion and access are removed and every member of our community — not just those who already have a seat at the table — are fully present then we will have restored the community to a point ready to encounter Sinai.
Those who see the work of inclusion as a concession to political correctness or some outside values that do not stem from the Torah would do well to hearken to the story of revelation. The story of how a diverse and large group of former slaves found a way to stand next to a mountain with respect and dignity for all paved the way for the chasm between heaven and earth to have been bridged and the Torah, the book that lit the world with Divine meaning and purpose, to be revealed is not just a narrative to be revered but an imperative to strive towards achieving that level of inclusion in our modern communities today.
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy
Circumcision: Whose Initiation?
You may know the contemporary arguments for and against a brit milah, ritual circumcision of infant Jewish boys.
For: It's traditional. It affirms a family's connection with the traditions of Abraham. It's a tangible marker of Jewish identity. If the boy grows up in a Jewish cultural setting, he will want to look like other boys, and be acceptable to his mate. If he is raised without religious guidance, and chooses as an adult to be Jewish, he will not have to choose circumcision surgery as an adult. Research shows circumcision reduces transmission of the HIV virus to partners. Men circumcised as adults say it increases sexual pleasure. Ritual circumcision is gentle, compared to hospital circumcision.
Against: It's primitive. It's not needed to make a child Jewish; Jewish identity is the birthright of anyone born to a Jewish mother. Circumcision marks the child as a member of a Jewish minority, which can lead to ridicule and bullying. It directs a child's religious identity before he has had a chance to learn anything about religion. Research on circumcision and HIV is flawed; it's confined to populations in three countries. The foreskin has nerve endings; removing it reduces sexual pleasure. Elective surgery on a newborn is barbaric, and some traditional mohelim (circumcisers) don't follow modern health protocols.
Sometimes expectant Jewish parents find themselves caught in a stalemate as they try rationally to reconcile these two parallel but incompatible sides. Sometimes they are deeply reflective. "We want to initiate our son into Judaism," they say. "But this physical initiation seems like a big decision to make for him."
Sometimes it's helpful to discuss initiation. That, experientially, a brit milah is not an initiation rite for the baby. It's an initiation for parents. Over the years, parents will be making many life-directing decisions on behalf of their child. Choosing brit milah is a leap into that responsibility.
Sometimes it's helpful to let go of the ping-pong of rational debate, and enter the symbolic world of Torah, in itself a gateway into powerful teachings about unconscious human dynamics. Two Torah stories, interpreted psychoanalytically, give us hints about circumcision as an initiation into parenthood.
In Exodus 4:24-26, Moses is on his way to Egypt with his wife Zipporah. Along the way, he nearly dies. Zipporah quickly circumcises their infant son. She touches her husband's feet with the foreskin and says "Truly you are a bridegroom of blood to me…because of the circumcision."
Freudian psychoanalyst Karen Horney speaks of the enviable power of a mother's role: to give birth, nurture, and raise children. Historian of Judaism Lawrence Hoffman says that even to men in the Talmudic era, women's power seemed wild and natural. Through menstrual cycles and the sometimes bloody secrets of giving birth, women take an active part in creating life. Through procreation, women have a natural covenant of blood with God. Male circumcision creates an analogous covenant through the procreative organ. It is, however, a tamer covenant, in which only one drop of blood is shed, and on only one occasion.
In this story, Zipporah the birthgiver is already initiated into parenthood. Moses, however, needs to let his old self-image go, and fully take on this new role. When Zipporah touches his feet with his son's foreskin, she declares, "You and I are partners in this sacred covenant of creating a new family." She initiates Moses, communicating that the responsibility of procreation belongs to both parents.
In Deuteronomy 10:16, elderly Moses encourages the Israelites to open themselves to personal, unmediated relationships with God. "Circumcise your hearts," he says. Perhaps this is shorthand for, "You did the physical ritual; now take its meaning seriously."
Jungian scholar Anne Maguire describes an ancient Near Eastern myth about a powerful patriarchal God, who appears as a hooded figure. His true nature and spiritual power are hidden by his cloak. He represents male procreative power and human creativity in general. These powers are normally hidden; to receive their infusion, we must be receptive at the right times. In this spirit, Moses teaches, "Allow your heart to be open when God's presence opens to you." Circumcision expresses a commitment to be open to spirituality, creativity, and procreation. And, in the case of procreation, to new responsibilities that call.
This digression into psychoanalytic Torah helps deeply reflective expectant parents find a wider lens for making a decision. It shifts the question from "How can we do something so irresponsible?" to "How can we recognize the sacred responsibility landing in our lives?" And from "Which side of the argument makes better points?" to "What deep fears, worries and yearnings are at play here?"
Sometimes this shift itself begins the spiritual initiation.
Image: wikipedia. Cross-posted with www.onsophiastreet.com
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy
Dairy Queen
Sometimes the most challenging part of being a committed Reform Jew is seeking ways to incorporate Judaism into our home life in ways that are meaningful. Complicating matters for our family is that our oldest child, Ben, is on the autism spectrum. And so incorporating anything into our regular routine can prove to be challenging for one who thrives on consistency.
Shavuot, which begins at sundown this evening, has always gotten the short end of the stick in our household. Although it is one of the three major festivals on the Jewish calendar, it has been the hardest to observe with our kids. Reform communities tend to have the main celebration during the evening service at the beginning of the holiday. But for families with young children, and those with family members who go to bed very early, evening observances are often out of the realm of reason. Not because the family is not committed to observing the holiday, but because it is simply not possible given the current circumstances. And that is certainly the case in our home.
So while I, as an adult, crave the spiritual and intellectual experiences that Shavuot has the potential to give me, my children need something different. And I, as the parent, am charged with creating a Shavuot observance that will inspire them and become part of our family's story.
It takes a different shape each year as the needs and developmental stages of our kids shift. There is, however, one constant; ice cream.
The tradition to serve dairy foods on Shavuot is long-standing and has several explanations for its origin. Whatever the reason, it became clear to me that a great way to connect my kids to this tradition was to serve ice cream. One year it was an ice cream cake in the shape (sort-of) of a Torah. That happened once and only once. Over time, it has become our tradition to have a sundae bar for dinner. With crudités, cheese, and crackers as a forshpeis. Sparkling limeade and a fancy table set with flowers and crystal send the message that it is a night unlike other nights. By candlelight, God-willing, our conversation will include discussions of Torah, ancient and modern. Suggestions of how we might still hear God speaking to and through us will be shared. And in the morning, a breakfast of milk (still with the dairy theme) and Entenmann's Rich Frosted Donuts. Because I ate them for the first time at my very first all-night Shavuot study session as a kid. Because they were a favourite of my grandmother, z"l, and it keeps her memory alive for my children. Because the study of Torah is never-ending.
Traditional? Not in the normative sense. But it is our family's tradition. While they are young. And when they are ready for a more conventional observance, that is what we will do. Though I suspect ice cream will still be involved.
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy
#Torah Without Borders
As of this writing, the following topics are trending on Twitter:
- Jason Collins
- #talkaboutyourcrushnight
- Pacific Rim
- #SexyThingsGirlsDo
- #confessionnight
- Nancy Pelosi
- #honestyhour
- Colbert Busch
(Yeah…I had to look up more than a couple too.)
What determines which topics trend on Twitter?
Trends are determined by an algorithm and are tailored for you based on who you follow and your location. This algorithm identifies topics that are immediately popular, rather than topics that have been popular for a while or on a daily basis, to help you discover the hottest emerging topics of discussion on Twitter that matter most to you. ~ Twitter Help Center
In other words, it seems to be an objective way to rank information from subjective sources.
In 2009, Reconstructionist rabbi and web developer, Shai Gluskin, decided to leverage Twitter and its algorithm by using it as a way to bring Torah to as many people as possible on the evening of Shavuot. As he expressed it then (on Twitter):
Are you in? A 49th day of omer prep for Shavuot #Torah fest. Goal: get many tweeting Torah and see #Torah trend in top 10 during the day.
It has yet to happen. Each year we have tried. And, if the sole goal was to reach the top ten, then each year we have failed. But along the way to the trending goal, some wonderful things happened that cannot be measured by algorithms or scales or charts:
Real Torah was taught. In 140 characters or less. Each year that I have participated, I have discovered wonderful teachers of Torah and sometimes in the most unexpected places. Other perspectives have caused me to reconsider my understanding of certain verses. And engaging in discussions of Torah with people of all streams of Judaism all across the world feels as though I am part of the Living Torah. It is, truly, like being at the foot of the Mountain.
Now, for the fifth consecutive year, we are ready to learn and teach and share once again. As Rabbi Mark Hurvitz, one of the most vocal advocates of this cyber-initiative, reminds us: Some people wonder why we might do this. Did not Hillel say that among our primary tasks is (Avot 1:12) loving mankind (all of humanity), and bringing them (all) close to Torah. אוהב את הברייות ומקרבן לתורה?
This year (2013:5773), our event is scheduled to begin May 14. You can learn more and indicate your interest on our Facebook page and, if you would like to join us on our climb, sign up on our event page.
Teaching Torah isn't limited to rabbis or scholars or Orthodox Jews or even Jews. There is Torah within each one of us. What if for one amazing day we could focus our conversation not on #SexyThingsGirlsDo or Pacific Rim but on bringing forth sacred truths and sharing them straight to the top of the Mountain?
Note: The opinions expressed here are the personal views of the author. All comments on MyJewishLearning are moderated. Any comment that is offensive or inappropriate will be removed. Privacy Policy


text:
DLKW Lowe, London Follow Update
- 60 Sloane Avenue
- London SW3 3XB
- United Kingdom
- Phone: (+44) 020 7584 5120
Persil - "Persil" - Lowe and Partners
- Persil
- Persil
- Unilever
- Lowe and Partners
- United Kingdom
- For Whatever Life Throws
|Product Category
|Cleaning Products, Soaps, Detergents
|Media Type
Unilever wanted to successfully launch a new formulation of Persil's Small & Mighty in all new packaging.
Small & Mighty offers better stain removal in an innovative, multifunctional bottle that includes a combined applicator and in-wash detergent holder.
Tapping into mothers' desires to put their children's well-being first, Unilever wanted to get mums to sit up and notice their new product, but also reflect on whether they were doing everything possible to bring up emotionally resilient kids.
Success involved driving trial and subsequent purchase of the product in order to achieve market share gains. The objective was to reverse market share declines in France, maintain momentum in the UK and deliver a stand-out campaign which engaged with consumers emotionally.
The declining market share in France was reversed with a 6% sales increase delivering incremental sales of 1.9 million Euros. The campaign doubled the UK market share target with a 9% sales increase delivering sales of 3.3 million Euros.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Do you have anything to add to this page? Have we made any mistakes... or do you ahve any additional information about Feeding Treasure? If so, we would love to hear from you. Please send us a quick note with your additions or corrections to this page, and we will make the corrections as soon as possible!
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Feeding TreasureFeeding Treasure (2002) Episode 09-B- Treasure Cartoon Episode Guide
This page has been viewed 16 times this month, and 248 times total.
BBC, CINAR Corporation, HALO Productions Frances Barber, Elly Fairman, Jasmine Fitter, Jonathan Kydd, Julie Legrand, Tisha Martin, Kate O'Sullivan
- 2002
- BBC, CINAR Corporation, HALO Productions
- Treasure Episode Guide
- Cartoon Characters: Mum, Delilah, Treasure, Brian, Mrs. P, Rosie, Jane.
- Vocal Talent: Frances Barber (Mum), Elly Fairman (Delilah), Jasmine Fitter (Treasure), Jonathan Kydd (Brian), Julie Legrand (Mrs. P), Tisha Martin (Rosie), Kate O'Sullivan (Jane).
Additional Crew:
- Created by: Michele Hanson.
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Cartoon Summary:
After a school trip to a dairy farm where all the cows look very miserable, Treasure decides to become a vegetarian. All she will eat is pasta and cheese; she... (more)
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Do you love Feeding Treasure, or do you think it is the worst cartoon ever? Let us know what you think! Surely you have an opinion... so share what you think. Take a minute and post your own comments about this cartoon here.
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text:
Search results for rihanna
The Black Lifestyle In Japan "We're Tanning To Become As Dark As Hip Hop Artist!" [Video]
Imitation is the purest form of flattery?:
The Side-Eye: Herman "Big Daddy" Cain Cracks Anita Hill Joke "Is She Gonna Endorse Me?" [Video]
Really Herman? So now sexual harassment is a joke to you?
SMH: Man Writes $8,000 Worth Of Bad Checks To North Dakota Strip Club
Making it rain cannot be that serious for one to write eight thousand dollars worth of bad checks…
For Discussion: Is It Appropriate For "Adult Film" Stars Like Sasha Grey To Read Books To Elementary School Children??? [PICS]
One L.A. elementary school seemed to think it was just fine, until some parents found out…
Babies Having Babies: 10-Year-Old Survives Life Threatening Complications To Give Birth To Son Prematurely
What the hell is going on in the world?
Random Ridiculousness: Man Sues High-End NYC Health Club For $230K Because He Didn't Get Free Breakfast
Sheeeeeett, we would want our money back too!!
"DJ Amber Rose" Lands New Reality TV Show Judge Gig? [Video]
Well, that's what she said:
Jesus Take The Wheel: Sandusky Rumored To Have Pimped Out Boys To Rich Donors!
This dude Jerry Sandusky is one sick muhfugga. We're talking about someone who has admitted to lathering a little boy up in the shower and giving him a bear hug, and that's barely scratching the surface of what he may
Hoy En Mi Gente News: A Gallery Of Pictures From The 12th Annual Latin Grammy Awards
Sammy, Sammy, Sammy…SMH
Epitome Of A Horrible Family: Father And Grandparents Charged After 2-Year-Old Eats Marijuana In Filthy Apartment Home
Folks need to be more careful with their narcotics…especially with babies in the house:
Reality Rewind: Real Housewives Of Atlanta Premiere, Bad Girls Club Reunion, And Basketball Wives L.A. "Bleeped Out Name" [Video]
Jonesy takes you through this weeks Reality Rewind and the debauchery it contains. Real Housewives And Nene's teeth, Basketball Wives L.A., and of course The Bad Girls Club New Orleans Reunion.


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Click here to download a pdf swimming timetable.
Sessions include:
Fun Session with inflatable
Saturday and Sunday 2.45 - 3.45pm
Timetable may change during School Holidays so please do check before attending if not term time.
You can find out more about swimming lessons on our AfterSchool Activities Listings and our Preschool Classes.
This centre is also a venue for Children's Parties.
Aquanatal sessions are also held here and details can be found on our Pregnancy Section.
Leeds City Council have approved plans to close the creche facilities at six leisure centres across the city on 12 Nov 2010. The creche is vital to allow siblings to take part in swimming and other exercise classes. Please help us to stop this from happening by signing our petition at www.ipetitions.com/petition/saveourcreche
Thanks for your support
I'm new to the area of Guiseley. I visited Aireborough swimming pool yesterday with my son and found the staff very helpfull, the changing rooms did seem a bit untidy but i feel that was due to persons using the place not the staff.I shall be there again next week end with my son.
I agree with the other comments made about Aireborough it's a fine place.
To queue for a whole hour, to be told there are no spaces left...have you ever heard of such a thing...actually yes! It took me 2 terms to get my child in for lessons but it would not be any better if they worked on a waiting list system because people would only complain about being on the waiting list for so long.
I'vebeen going to Aireborough LC for years and have found that if you report anything to the staff they get it sorted as soon as they can. My daughter has been swimming there for over 4 yrs an she loves it and the staff have been great with her.
No one-to-one lessons for children with special needs, and no advice on where else to try. Rather a grotty pool with no family changing as well.
Enrolment process for classes is very frustrating. No information given and after an hour's wait with excited toddler, one staff member appears to say that begginers class has just one place. With many people in front of me I have one very disappointed child and a complete waste of my time. A better system must be developed, and information more obtainable. Staff seem uninterested and unwilling to give information.
Water Babies - very difficult to get a place on this course. Enrolment is once a quarter, you arrive and queue for an hour or so to try and get a place. The course is around £60 for 12 weeks.
in Leeds
in Leeds
in Leeds
in Leeds


text:
Humidity 86%
Winds 13.8mph
Humidity 86%
Winds 13.8mph
Aug 6, 2014 12:18 PM
6 Investigates long lines in front of a local doctor's office. Those lines can be traced to what a local doctor says is a sad reality that many of us now face.
Chief investigative reporter Rick Spruill has more on the unintended consequences of Medicare and Medicaid policies.
8 hours ago
Do you have a tip, information about a breaking news story, or a story idea for 6 Investigates? Contact the KRIS 6 News Desk at 361-884-6666 or send us an email.
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text:
Golem's Plight
Edit Page Last Edit: 6 months 21 days ago
Golem's Plight
|Acquired in:
|Chapter 3
|Resolved in:
|Chapter 3
|Additional party member (Golem)
Golem's Plight is a side quest that is aquired automatically in Chapter 3 after you install the Golem's Plight DLC.
You are required to gather all the 4 golem pieces that can be found in the Tree of Thorns.
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text:
For Islamists, Dire Lessons on Politics and PowerJuly 5, 2013 6:00 PM
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Correction Appended
CAIRO -- Sheik Mohamed Abu Sidra had watched in exasperation for months as President Mohamed Morsi and the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood bounced from one debilitating political battle to another.
"The Brotherhood went too fast, they tried to take too much," Sheik Abu Sidra, an influential ultraconservative Islamist in Benghazi, Libya, said Thursday, a day after the Egyptian military deposed and detained Mr. Morsi and began arresting his Brotherhood allies.
But at the same time, Sheik Abu Sidra said, Mr. Morsi's overthrow had made it far more difficult for him to persuade Benghazi's Islamist militias to put down their weapons and trust in democracy.
"Do you think I can sell that to the people anymore?" he asked. "I have been saying all along, 'If you want to build Shariah law, come to elections.' Now they will just say, 'Look at Egypt,' and you don't need to say anything else."
From Benghazi to Abu Dhabi, Islamists are drawing lessons from Mr. Morsi's ouster that could shape political Islam for a generation. For some, it demonstrated the futility of democracy in a world dominated by Western powers and their client states. But others, acknowledging that the takeover accompanied a broad popular backlash, also faulted the leaders of the Muslim Brotherhood for reaching too fast for so many levers of power.
The Brotherhood's fall is the greatest in an array of setbacks that have halted the once seemingly unstoppable march of political Islam. As they have moved from opposition to establishment, Islamist parties in Turkey, Tunisia and now Egypt have all been caught up in crises over the secular practicalities of governing like power sharing, urban planning, public security or even keeping the lights on.
Brotherhood leaders -- the few who have not been arrested or dropped out of sight -- have little doubt about the source of their problems. They say that the Egyptian security forces and bureaucracy conspired to sabotage their rule, and that the generals seized on the chance to topple the Morsi government under the cover of popular anger at the dysfunction of the state.
Their account strikes a chord with fellow Islamists around the region who are all too familiar with the historic turning points when, they say, military crackdowns stole their imminent democratic victories: Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1954; Algeria in 1991; and the Palestinian territories in 2006.
"The message will resonate throughout the Muslim world loud and clear: democracy is not for Muslims," Essam el-Haddad, Mr. Morsi's foreign policy adviser, warned on his official Web site shortly before the military detained him and cut off all his communication. The overthrow of an elected Islamist government in Egypt, the symbolic heart of the Arab world, Mr. Haddad wrote, would fuel more violent terrorism than the Western wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
And he took aim at Western critics of the Islamists. "The silence of all of those voices with an impending military coup is hypocritical," Mr. Haddad wrote, "and that hypocrisy will not be lost on a large swath of Egyptians, Arabs and Muslims."
In Egyptian Sinai just hours later, thousands of Islamists rallied under the black flag of jihad and cheered widely at calls for "a war council" to roll back Mr. Morsi's ouster. "The age of peacefulness is over," the speaker declared in a video of the rally. "No more peacefulness after today."
"No more election after today," the crowd chanted in response.
After a night of deadly clashes at Cairo University that accompanied the takeover, some ultraconservative Islamists gathered there said their experiment in electoral politics -- a deviation from God's law to begin with -- had come to a bad end.
"Didn't we do what they asked," asked Mahmoud Taha, 40, a merchant. "We don't believe in democracy to begin with; it's not part of our ideology. But we accepted it. We followed them, and then this is what they do?"
In Syria, where the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood once hoped to provide a model of moderation and democracy, some fighters battling President Bashar al-Assad now say it is the other way around. Egyptian Islamists "may have to pursue the armed option," said Firas Filefleh, a rebel fighter in an Islamist brigade in Idlib, in northern Syria. "That may be the only choice, as it was for us in Syria."
In the United Arab Emirates, where the authoritarian government just sentenced 69 members of a Brotherhood-linked Islamist group to prison in an effort to stop the spread of Arab spring revolts, Islamists said the crackdowns were driving a deeper wedge into their movement.
"The practices that we see today will split the Islamists in half," said Saeed Nasar Alteneji, a former head of the Emirates group, the Islah association. "There are those who always call for centrism and moderation and peaceful political participation," he said. "The other group condemns democracy and sees today that the West and others will never accept the ballot box if it brings Islamists to power."
"And they have lots of evidence of this," he said, now citing Egypt as well as Algeria.
Other Islamists, though, sought to distance themselves from what they considered the Egyptian Brotherhood's errors.
As the military takeover began to unfold, Ali Larayedh, the Islamist prime minister of Tunisia, emphasized in a television interview that "an Egypt scenario" was unlikely to befall his Ennahda movement because "our approach is characterized by consensus and partnership."
Emad al-din al-Rashid, a prominent Syrian Islamist and scholar now based in Istanbul, said that he "expected this to happen" because of the Muslim Brotherhood's style of governance. "The beginning was a mistake, a sin, and the Brotherhood were running Egypt like they would run a private organization, not a country," he said. "They shouldn't have rushed to rule like they did. If they had waited for the second or third elections, the people would have been asking and yearning for them."
Hisham Krekshi, a senior member of the Libyan Muslim Brotherhood in Tripoli, Libya, said the Egyptian Brotherhood "were not transparent enough. They were not sharing enough with other parties. We have to be sure that we are open, to say, 'We are all Libyans and we have to accept every rainbow color, to work together.' "
Even among Egyptian Islamists there have been signs of dissent from the Brotherhood leadership. The largest ultraconservative party, Al Nour, had urged the Brotherhood to form a broader coalition and then to call early presidential elections, and it finally supported the takeover.
Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh, a relatively liberal former Brotherhood leader and presidential candidate popular among many younger members, also urged Mr. Morsi to step down to defuse the polarization of the country.
But, said Ibrahim Houdaiby, a former Brotherhood member, "the feeling of exclusion might actually lead to the empowerment of a more radical sentiment in the group that says, 'Look, we abided by the rules, we were elected democratically, and of course we were rejected, and of course by a military coup, not by popular protest.' "
Reporting was contributed by Mayy El Sheikh and Kareem Fahim from Cairo; Hala Droubi from Dubai, United Arab Emirates; and Robert F. Worth from Washington.
Correction: July 5, 2013, Friday
This article has been revised to reflect the following correction: An earlier version of this article referred erroneously to Turkey in a passage about Islamist-led countries that have faced crises. Turkey's Islamist leader, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, has been in office since 2003; his party did not take power after the Arab Spring revolts.world
This article originally appeared in The New York Times.


text:
Wednesday, May 14, 2014
My hat is off to Sir Laurence, drawing study
6 comments:
Inspiring wonderful study Tegan; keep doing it!ReplyDeleteReplies
Hi Tegan, I just found you through Chris Oatley's blog.ReplyDelete
This is a great study! I think the best part is how you rendered the floral relief, top center. The mark-making there is top notch!
Thanks Lane! And what a fantastic resource is Chris's site linking artists all over the world!Delete
Really beautifully drawn TeganReplyDelete
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text:
Casas rurales Virgen de la Cabeza Vacation Home Valencia de Alcantara
Official Contact Details - Casas rurales Virgen de la CabezaPhone: 924251791 Fax: 924251791
Three stonebuilt houses in a single construction that can communicate with each other thus extending the tourist offer.
- Price from 90 EUR / Day
- Capacity up to 4 people
- 2 bedrooms & 1 bathroom
(click on a photo to view it)
Last updated: 01/23/2007
This is your property ?
Three stonebuilt houses named Lobita, Salón and Piladero, in a single construction that can communicate with each other thus extending the tourist offer. Each one of the houses consists of an entrance hall, living room-dining room with chimney and TV, a fully fitted kitchen, two double bedrooms and bathroom. They are in perfect condition with central heating and hot water, private garden, pool and barbecue.
Prices & deals
- Lowest Daily Price:
- Highest Daily Price:
- Lowest Weekly Price:
- Highest Weekly Price:
- Cleaning fee:
- Charging Method:
- Payment Types:
- Cash
- Credit Card
- Cheque
- Travellers cheque
- Paypal
- Wire Transfer
Location & area
Route 5. "Los Mellizos" (The Twins). This is located in the surroundings of the property The Mulberry, next to the Virgen de la Cabeza rural houses, and it can be visited on foot from the houses after a pleasant, well signposted walk. It is comprised of the dolmens of The Twins, the Datas I and II, and Cajirón I and II. The Route begins in Aceña de la Borrega, from the road next to the Church heading towards the hermitage of the Virgen de la Cabeza.
- Address:
- Camino finca La Morera s/n Aceña de la Borrega, 10515, Valencia de Alcantara, Spain
- Accommodation located in:
- mountainside, near fishing area, near golf course, near historical interest, near horse riding, near restaurants & bars, near shopping area, old town, rural, village!
Amenities & services
One of the main highlights among the tourist attractions of the village of Valencia de Alcántara is the impressive megalithic standing stones, among the most important in Europe, currently consisting of 48 dolmens of different types in a good state of conservation
# of Units: 1... and each unit includes:
- Bedrooms: 2
- Bathrooms: 1
- Single beds: 0
- Double beds: 2
- Baby cots: 1
- Single sofa beds: 0
- Double sofa beds: 0
- Bath:
- Hair Drier:
- Shower:
- Towels:
- Washing Machine:
- Work Desk:
- Bed Sheets:
- Bikes:
- Cable/Satelite TV:
- Internet Broadband:
- Internet Dial Up:
- Ironing Board:
- Stereo/Radio System:
- Library:
- Telephone:
- DVD Player:
- Fax:
- Butler Service:
- House Chef:
- Local Guides:
- Local Transportation:
- 24h Concierge:
- Tours & Excursions:
- Fridge & Freezer:
- Crockery & Utensils:
- Dish Washer:
- Microwave:
- Oven:
- American Kitchen:
Living room
- Fireplace:
- Sofa Bed:
- Table & Chairs:
- Private Beach:
- Barbecue:
- Sauna:
- Garden:
- Shared Bathroom:
- Spa / Jacuzzi:
- Swimming Pool:
- Lift / Elevator:
- Disabled Facilities:
- Tennis Court:
- Terrace:
- Parking:
- Pets Welcome:
- Safe:
- Sea View:
- Central Heating:
- City View:
- Daily Cleaning:
- Air Conditioning:
- DVD/Music Collection:
- Ensuite Bathroom:
- Balcony:
Additional information
- Board Basis:
- Bed & Breakfast
- Welcome pack:
- To get to the houses which are isolated in the mountains you have to come along an earthen track of 4 kilometers. Each house sleeps four people plus one more in a supplementary bed. The three houses can therefore sleep upto fifteen people.
- Breakfast:
- Lunch:
- Diner:
Review - Casas rurales Virgen de la Cabeza
Casas rurales Virgen de la Cabeza - Contact the owner
Important Notice : Avoiding Fraud
It's rare, but some helpful hints to watch out for with regards to fraud:
- It is important to NEVER wire funds or use/employ other fund transfer mechanisms such as western union: Always use a credit card to protect yourself against fraud. If owners pressure you into providing a deposit or refuse to accept credit cards, there is a high probability that this is a scam.
- If at all suspicious of fraud, ask to see their website, or any other literature they can provide or send to you. Ask them for contact details for guests who have previously stayed on their property insisting on telephone numbers. Be suspicious of emails that originate from free email services (yahoo, hotmail, gmail, etc)
- Research the property thoroughly on the internet to see if there is any history or mention of scams associated with the property.


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main index
Cosmic Plaything, where two or more gods (or similarly powered entities) are effectively using the entire world as a game board. Often one god is portrayed as actually caring about his pawns while his opponent is pure evil. May lead to a Rage Against the Heavens when the heroes find out they've been used. Often a god acts specifically through one mortal or a small group, sometimes an entire species. A subtrope to Divine Conflict. Contrast Chess with Death. Human Chess is this on a much lower scale.
Examples:Anime and Manga


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Home > Health & Wellness > Health Library > Medical History for Allergies to Insect Stings
Your doctor will ask you several questions to find out
whether you could be having an
allergic reaction to an insect sting. Questions may
include the following:
You may be asked to capture or kill the insect and bring it in for
You may be asked about previous stings and what reactions (if any)
you may have had. Your doctor will also try to determine whether you have any
medical conditions that might affect your risk of future allergic reactions or
your choice of treatments for the allergy.
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March 12, 2014
Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
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At the moment, Rihanna is enjoying being young, single (and naked!), but the "Diamonds" singer wants more someday. On Wednesday, RiRi told Ellen DeGeneres that she "absolutely" wants kids.
Photos: Everybody's posing nude! Check out Rihanna and other stars who've bared all
Check out the hottest looks from the 2012 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show
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Pregnant woman shot dead in Maiduguri, Nigeria
A seven-month-old pregnant accountant with the Borno State (Northern Nigeria) Ministry of Finance was, on Thursday, shot dead and her husband injured by gunmen suspected to be members of the Boko Haram sect at the Bulabulin Ngarannam ward of Maiduguri.
Speaking to newsmen, a junior brother to the husband of the deceased, Babakura Ibrahim, said at about 10.00p.m. on Tuesday, his brother's neighbours alerted him that three young men were in front of his brother's house waiting for him. He said he afterwards made several attempts to reach his brother on phone without success.
He said: "After waiting to no avail, they broke into my brother's house. His name is Abubakar Ibrahim, an operation manager with Stanbic IBTC bank in Maiduguri. When they gained entry into the house, they saw him coming out of the toilet and immediately opened fire on him. He sustained serious gunshot wounds."
He further narrated that when his brother's wife heard the gunshots, she came out from the room and grabbed one of the gunmen on the shirt. "While she was struggling with the assailant, the others opened fire on her and she died instantly,"Abubakar said.
When contacted on phone for comments, the Joint Task Force (JTF) spokesman, Lieutenant-Colonel Hassan Mohammed, said he had not been briefed by the Divisional Police Officer in the area. He, however, disclosed that the JTF had drafted men to the scene of the incident.


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Japan Week Announces Multi-Day Festival To Promote Japanese Culture, Food & Beverages And Tourism At Grand Central Terminal On March 19-21, 2013
NEW YORK, Feb. 1, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Japan Week, a public-private partnership that promotes Japanese culture, food and beverages to encourage tourism to Japan, today announced its 2013 program that will take place at Grand Central Terminal's Vanderbilt Hall on March 19-21, 2013. The multi-day festival will showcase Japan as an incomparable travel destination by celebrating its diverse local and regional foods, beverages, music, art and culture.
"Through our Japan Week program this year, we want to showcase Japan's regional cultures and local flavors that make it so enticing, both for new and seasoned travelers," said Yuki Tanaka, Executive Director, Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO). "We'll be showcasing hidden cultural gems that will capture the imaginations of our guests and inspire them to explore Japan in all of its beauty and possibilities."
Highlighted event elements at Grand Central Terminal include:
- Grand Central Terminal/Tokyo Station "Sister Station" Announcement: On March 19, during the Kick-Off Gala, Japan Week will commemorate Tokyo Station's "sister station" relationship with Grand Central Terminal, which is celebrating its centennial this year. Tokyo Station, now in its 99 th year, is the first station to be chosen by the Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) for this honor. Representatives from Japan Railways (JR) and the MTA will be present at a special ceremony.
- "Ekiben" Bento Boxes: A corner of the hall will be devoted to Japanese ekiben, which are bento boxes sold at railway train stations throughout Japan. Ekiben often contain local specialties from the region in which they are sold, and their debut at Japan Week will allow attendees to experience a culinary tour of Japan's diverse regions.
- Japanese "Pop-Up" Bar: To replicate a traditional tachinomiya (standing bar), the event will construct a Japanese "pop-up" bar in the evenings selling jizake, which is local sake (rice wine) that is painstakingly produced by small craft brewers and is prized across Japan, as well as shochu, the country's distilled spirit. Sake professionals will serve sake and shochu by the glass and will be available to answer questions. Tickets may be purchased online in advance and on the day of the event.
- Geisha Make-Up Demonstration: One of the event's unique cultural highlights will be a 30-minute demonstration of geisha make-up techniques by Ms. Satomi Shiroma, who is among only 10 masters of this art in Japan. Moreover, the master title is customarily earned after a 20-year apprenticeship.
Japan Week will sponsor and participate in other activities during March that include:
- Japanese Restaurant Week: From March 4-18, 2013, Japan Week will host Japanese Restaurant Week, which promotes Japanese restaurants serving local and regional dishes in ekiben bento boxes.
- The Japan Pavilion at the International Restaurant & Foodservice Show: Japan Week will have a presence at the International Restaurant & Foodservice Show of New York, a leading food & beverage trade show on March 3-5, 2013.
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Border Officials Seize Prohibited Plants, Fruits
October 12, 2011 6:34 AM
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PEMBINA, N.D. (AP) — U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials say they confiscated a large amount of plants and fruits over the summer at Canadian border ports in North Dakota and Minnesota.
More than 8,000 prohibited items were seized from travelers entering the U.S. Officials say some of the items were infested with insects or diseases that pose a threat to the U.S. agriculture industry.
One shipment of pottery was infested with insects commonly known as thrips, which feed on developing flowers, fruits and vegetables.
Customs officials say fines of up to $300 were levied in some of the cases.
(© Copyright 2011 The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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G-III Apparel Group Announces Date For First Quarter Fiscal Year 2015 Results
G-III Apparel Group, Ltd. (NASDAQ:GIII) announced today that it will release its first quarter fiscal year 2015 earnings before the market opens on Tuesday, June 3, 2014. Management will host a conference call to discuss results at 8:30 a.m. ET that same day, followed by a question and answer session for the investment community.
A live webcast of the call can be accessed at ir.g-iii.com in the "Events & Presentations" section. To access the call, dial toll-free 1-888-771-4371 or 1-847-585-4405 (international). The pass code is 37361538.
To listen to a telephonic replay of the conference call, dial toll-free 1-888-843-7419 or 1-630-652-3042 (international) and enter pass code 37361538. The replay will be available beginning at 11:00 a.m. ET on Tuesday, June 3, 2014 and will last through 11:59 p.m. ET June 10, 2014. The replay will also be available via webcast at our Company investor relations website.
About G-III Apparel Group, Ltd.G-III is a leading manufacturer and distributor of outerwear, dresses, sportswear, swimwear, women's suits and women's performance wear, as well as footwear, luggage and women's handbags, small leather goods and cold weather accessories, under licensed brands, our own brands and private label brands. G-III sells swimwear, resort wear and related accessories under our own Vilebrequin brand. G-III also sells outerwear, dresses and performance wear under our own Andrew Marc and Marc New York brands and has licensed these brands to select third parties in certain product categories. G-III has fashion licenses under the Calvin Klein, Kenneth Cole, Cole Haan, Guess?, Tommy Hilfiger, Jones New York, Jessica Simpson, Vince Camuto, Ivanka Trump, Nine West, Ellen Tracy, Kensie, Mac & Jac, Levi's and Dockers brands. Through our team sports business, we have licenses with the National Football League, National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, National Hockey League, Touch by Alyssa Milano and more than 100 U.S. colleges and universities. Our other owned brands include Bass, G.H. Bass, G-III Sports by Carl Banks, Eliza J, Black Rivet, Jessica Howard and Winlit. G-III also operates retail stores under the Wilsons Leather, Bass, G.H. Bass & Co., Vilebrequin, Calvin Klein Performance and Andrew Marc names. Statements concerning G-III's business outlook or future economic performance, anticipated revenues, expenses or other financial items; product introductions and plans and objectives related thereto; and statements concerning assumptions made or expectations as to any future events, conditions, performance or other matters are "forward-looking statements" as that term is defined under the Federal Securities laws. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and factors which include, but are not limited to, reliance on licensed product, reliance on foreign manufacturers, risks of doing business abroad, the current economic and credit environment, the nature of the apparel industry, including changing customer demand and tastes, customer concentration, seasonality, risks of operating a retail business, customer acceptance of new products, the impact of competitive products and pricing, dependence on existing management, possible disruption from acquisitions and general economic conditions, as well as other risks detailed in G-III's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. G-III assumes no obligation to update the information in this release.
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A smorgasbord of assessment options
Kathy A. Bacon
April 2010, Volume 16, Issue 8, Page 458
Presented with a variety of palatable, inquiry-based,
creative learning choices in geometry, this teacher and her fifth graders found
tremendous satisfaction in meeting target goals for reasoning skills and taking
important "next steps" in learning.
Pre-K-2ArticleGrades 3-5
About NCTM | Standards & Focal Points | Membership | Conferences | Professional DevelopmentJournals & Books | Research, News & Advocacy | Shop Online | Jobs | Advertise | Site Map
The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics is the public voice of mathematics education, supporting teachers to ensure equitable mathematics learning of the highest quality for all students through vision, leadership, professional development, and research.
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text:
Sandi Gaertner
Cute ideas.
Like BURGERS.374K views buzzfeed.com
Cute ideas.
love this, I'm definitely making some of these.
Absolutely love the ideas on this page. Saving it and brewing up a plan for lunch!!
I'm saving this for later days.
I think this is very nice and delicious.. :)
Gah, delicious! I shall never underestimate the power of muffin tins again.
Really like the granola in a muffin tin, and baked oatmeal (of course, I'm an oatmeal lover! ). Some unique ideas here, check & see.
31 Fun Treats To Make In A Muffin Tin
Great idea - I love it. I've got three different muffin forms that I never use but this will change now!


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3 Day Isle of Skye Tour Package
General Information
Image of 3 Day Isle of Skye Tour Package
- Type:
- Sightseeing
- Price from:
- 115 GBP /person
- Phone:
- (+44) (0) 750 466 1828
- Payment Types:
- Cash
- Credit Card
- Cheque
- Travellers cheque
- Paypal
- Wire Transfer
- Duration:
- 3 days
- Duration:
- 1 hour
- Location Start:
- Edinburgh or Glasgow
- Location Finish:
- Edinburgh or Glasgow
- Start time:
- 09:00am
- End time:
- 07.30pm
- We Speak:
- English, French, Spanish, Italian, German, Japanese
Last updated: 12/29/2009
A three day tour of Scotland to enjoy stunning natural beauty, unforgettable sunsets, rich history, the majestic Cuillin mountains, Scotland's largest and best known islands - the land of the Viking, the McLeod and the MacDonald, and the dramatic Trotternish peninsula. Stay two nights in the picturesque town of Portree with its pastel-coloured houses.
Extra Information
- Inclusions -
- Transportation by mini-coach with driver-guides
- Exclusions -
- Meals, Entrance Fees, Accommodation
- Extras -
- Tour Highlights: Stirling Castle, Rannoch Moor, Glencoe, Ben Nevis, Fort William, Five Sisters of Kintail, Old Man of Storr, Talisker Distillery, Eilean Donan Castle, Loch Ness, Loch Laggan, Pitlochry
Optional Extras: Talisker Distillery, Dunvegan Castle, Eilean Donan Castle (these can vary subject to route & itinerary)
Couldn't find what you're looking for? Check out more tours & excursions in Isle of Skye
1-day tours
Long tours
Email the tour operator - 3 Day Isle of Skye Tour Package
Important Notice : Avoiding Fraud
It's rare, but some helpful hints to watch out for with regards to fraud:
- It is important to NEVER wire funds or use/employ other fund transfer mechanisms such as western union: Always use a credit card to protect yourself against fraud. If owners pressure you into providing a deposit or refuse to accept credit cards, there is a high probability that this is a scam.
- If at all suspicious of fraud, ask to see their website, or any other literature they can provide or send to you. Ask them for contact details for guests who have previously stayed on their property insisting on telephone numbers. Be suspicious of emails that originate from free email services (yahoo, hotmail, gmail, etc)
- Research the property thoroughly on the internet to see if there is any history or mention of scams associated with the property.


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The UK's biggest regional event for audio & video professionals.
17th - 26th March 2015
Register free now
In association with …
why attend
who attends
exhibitors list
The UK's largest regional event for audio & video professionals
Next year's roadshow will be bigger than ever, with more exhibitors showcasing their latest products along with key industry figures delivering free skills based seminars. Join 1,000's of other video and audio professionals at four key production centres around the UK. Try-out the latest products for yourself and learn new skills in the free seminar sessions.
LLEx 2015
Look Listen Experience 2015 will take place between 17 26 March at 4 key production centres across the UK. Learn new skills in the free seminar sessions and discover the technical innovations that are transforming the industry.
>> What you missed in 2014
>> Register your interest in LLEx 2015
Seminars 2015
Our Keynote speakers for 2015 will included a host of leading experts from the broadcast and IT industries. Case studies from the teams behind award winning TV programmes plus regional freelancers delivering skills based seminars will be included.
>>View 2014 seminar programme here
Exhibition 2015
Look Listen Experience 2015 will bring together 20 leading manufacturers and will feature the latest technology and software from the production and post-production arena making the show an ideal place to try-out and test your next purchase.
"Visuals staff are well informed, very helpful and most importantly, independent"
>>View 2014 exhibitor list here
Tweets by @LookListenExper
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Registered in England 2120497 Vat No. GB 479 9126 89
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text:
Posted Tue, Dec 28, 2010 by Saia
Several weeks have passed since the the launch of World of Warcraft: Cataclysm and there's no sign of the hotfixes abating any time soon. These changes cover everything from class changes to professions and even some dungeon tweaks. There's even some PvP and quest fixes in there for good measure. So if you're looking for something to read this afternoon, why not take a peek?


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Graphic Artist, Vector and Vex • https://twitter.com/imuimuki
Vector and Vexel Projects
- 17 Followers
- 21 Following
- 35 Activity
- 841 Pageviews
- 13 Comments
- Level 2 Shadow
- Online Dec 5th, 2013
- Joined Nov 13th, 2013
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- FacebookTwitter
Graphic Artist, Vector and Vex • https://twitter.com/imuimuki
Vector and Vexel Projects
thanks for followingNov 24th, 2013 Reply
sesame :)Dec 5th, 2013 Reply
Welcome to Shadowness!
If you have any questions ask online /staff - /mods , or read our /faq . Also feel free to read our Vision for Shadowness, A home for artists by artists here: http://shadowness.com/forum/forum/shadowness-a-home-for-artists-by-artists
Please stop by and add us to your facebook to stay updated on Shadowness inspiration and events! fb.com/shadowness
step by step to be a masterNov 14th, 2013 Reply
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Critic & User Reviews
its pretty sweet
posted by gamez206 (WEBSTER, MA) Jun 27, 2006
Member since Apr 2004
8 out of 9 gamers (89%) found this review helpful
graphics- 4 out of 5
gameplay /story if not played on ps2- 4 out of 5
controls - 3 out of 5
camera- 2 out of 5
replayerbility- not yet determined
overal this game is interesting action packed.... the cinematics are interactive so its not always you watching anything is possible... the puzzles are also good for your brain...... i love this game.Lara is back to wat she does best.
rent it, if you can't finish it buy it.....lol
Very Good
Tomb Raider Legend PSP
posted by CaptainTig (BOTHELL, WA) Jul 3, 2006
Member since Dec 2005
3 out of 4 gamers (75%) found this review helpful
All in all, the game is still pretty good. IT was just the little things that the designers could have spent a little more time on to make the game even better.
Really Bad
posted by 1nme4u (EL PASO, TX) Jun 26, 2006
Member since Jul 2005
5 out of 11 gamers (45%) found this review helpful
On the PSP, the graphics, while toned down for portability, are ok, no problems there. The main flaw of this game is its control! The fact that the psp only has one analog stick means for some bad control problems. Lara is hard to control and it gets very frustrating very quickly. The other main flaw is also due to the one analog stick problem, and its the camera. The control for the camera is clunky and feels like an afterthought. With so many jumps and turns, you will feel like hurtling your psp into a wall when dealing with this problem.
The game is basically a straight port of the ps2 version, so having played that, there were no surprises here. I would recommend avoiding this game at all costs simply because of the control scheme. Though graphically a beautiful game, the poor controls, bad camera, and massive lagging frame rate, make this, in my opinion, a avoid at all cost type of game.
Really Bad
this game made me feel ininterested
posted by bobafett (FORT COLLINS, CO) Sep 6, 2006
Member since Jul 2006
1 out of 3 gamers (33%) found this review helpful
1 out of 5
Tomb Raider: Legend PSP
posted by 95impSS (AMERICAN CANYON, CA) Aug 10, 2006
Member since Dec 2005
1 out of 3 gamers (33%) found this review helpful
posted by gilbert1 (HENDERSONVILLE, NC) Jun 22, 2011
Member since Jun 2010
It almost works. . .
posted by clintonk (SAN MARCOS, CA) May 7, 2009
Member since Apr 2009
I should have listened to the reviews
posted by AlanaMJ (BROOKLYN, NY) Jul 12, 2007
Member since Jun 2007
A must have game!
posted by Samson123 (NEWBURY PARK, CA) Jun 8, 2007
Member since Apr 2007
Camera and Controls are frustrating
posted by xterranv (BELMONT, NH) May 9, 2007
Member since Mar 2007
I'd suggest this for the console version but not so much for the PSP. I Definitely suggest this as a "Try It Before You Buy It" game to see if the controls are that much of a bother to you as I found it to be. (and it seems a lot of other reviewers are saying the same thing).
If you're just looking for a portable Lara Croft adventure game for on the go and can withstand the controls and lacking camera angles, it's a fun game for that.
Merry Meet- CONTROL & CAMERA ISSUES!
posted by seajewel (DEDHAM, MA) Jan 28, 2007
Member since Dec 2006
Very Good
grrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrreaaatt- ttt!!!
posted by Sdubble (ROCHESTER, NY) Sep 7, 2006
Member since Aug 2006
Lara at least looks better
posted by PSPFreak (TULSA, OK) Sep 3, 2006
Member since Jun 2006
Loves It!
posted by blakeksu05 (SENECA, KS) Aug 15, 2006
Member since Apr 2006
nice, but not as good as console or PC
posted by JustScott (ALBANY, CA) Aug 11, 2006
Member since Oct 2005
Good game, bad controls
posted by SonjaBlade (PORTLAND, OR) Aug 8, 2006
Member since Nov 2005
I finally traded in the game for the PS2 version, and I am so happy that I did. The controls are smooth and I quickly completed beginning levels that were giving me great grief on the PSP. So if you're on the fence between the PSP version and the full console, I would recommend going for the PS2 version. Not to mention getting to see the fantastic scenery on a large screen!


text:
- Detail Images
All day shorts for all day fun.
Ride in the morning with the Louis Garneau Women's Santa Cruz 2 Short, and relax at the local café in the afternoon. A low-profile chamois adds padding without adding bulk, and detachable inner shorts give you the option of going with or without a gripping fit . Zip your phone away in the side pocket on your way to lunch, and revel in the comfort of brushed polyester with a DWR finish.
Share your thoughts
What do you think of the
Louis Garneau Santa Cruz 2 Women's Shorts
? Share a...
Not flashy but great feel
These are your basic black, baggy shorts that kinda look like Target brand gym shorts but provide the quality and comfort that you would expect from LG. I'm normally a size 10/L and ordered the xl for a perfect fit. The chamois is middle of the road quality, but overall I like the shorts.
Runs small
These seem to run really small. I ordered an XL, but they are way too small. I'm exchanging for an XXL and hoping those will fit because I think these are really nice.
Weird fit
The material of these shorts is very cool, but the fit is just weird. First of all they are short, almost too short for mountain biking and they fit extremely small. I am 100 lbs. and 5' 2" and size small was WAY too small. I'm not sure who these are supposed to fit? I probably should have ordered a size large.
At any rate, I sent them back.
These shorts are SMALL!!
These shorts run extremely small. I am 5'2" and 100 lbs. and the size Small was way to small. Plus these shorts are short--especially for mountain biking. I am returning them as I did not like the overall look and fit.
Go up a size
These shorts are fantastic. I like the looks, feel and especially the length of them. However, they are WAY smaller than you might think. I normally wear a XS and I had to re-order and get Medium. The sizing chart seems pretty accurate. So if you can get past wearing a Large when you are usually a Medium, than go for it. They are worth it!


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