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History of Dhaka
Dhaka, formerly spelled as Dacca in English, is the capital and one of the oldest cities of Bangladesh. The history of Dhaka begins with the existence of urbanised settlements in the area that is now Dhaka dating from the 7th century CE. The city area was ruled by the Buddhist kingdom of Kamarupa before passing to the control of the Sena dynasty in the 9th century CE.[2] After the Sena dynasty, Dhaka was successively ruled by the Turkic and Afghan governors descending from the Delhi Sultanate before the arrival of the Mughals in 1608. After Mughals, British ruled the region for over 150 years until the independence of India. In 1947, Dhaka became the capital of the East Bengal province under the dominion of Pakistan. After the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, Dhaka became the capital of the new state.
- 1 Etymology
- 2 Kamarupa kingdom
- 3 Hindu kingdom
- 4 Sultanate Period
- 5 Mughal rule and rise as the capital of Bengal
- 6 Nawab era
- 7 British East India Company rule (1772—1857)
- 8 British Raj rule (1858—1947)
- 9 East Bengal/Pakistan's capital (1947—1971)
- 10 Post-independence of Bangladesh (1971—present)
- 11 See also
- 12 References
- 13 External links
There are several myths on the origin of the name Dhaka. One is that the name came following the establishment of Dhakeshwari temple by Raja Ballal Sena in the 12th century CE and Dhakeswari is the name of a Goddess. While others say that Dhakeshwari stands the meaning of Goddess of Dhaka; so the temple must have been named after the region. Another myths says that the Dhak (a membranophone instrument) is used as part of the Durga Puja festival in this temple and hence the name Dhaka. Yet another one says it came from the plant named Dhak (Buttea Frondosa) which was widely found in that area.[3]
The more credible theory comes from the source of Rajatarangini written by a Kashmiri Brahman, Kalhana.[3] It says the region was originally known as Dhakka. The word Dhakka means watchtower. Bikrampur and Sonargaon — the earlier strongholds of Bengal rulers were situated nearby. So Dhaka was most likely used as the watchtower for the fortification purpose.[3]
Kamarupa kingdom[edit]
Kamarupa kingdom, also known as Pragjyotisa, existed between 350 and 1140 CE.[4] According to the chronicle of Yogini Tantra, the southern boundary of the kingdom stretched up to the junction of Brahmaputra River and Shitalakshya River which covered the Dhaka region.[5] Pala Empire was the last dynasty to rule the whole Kamarupa region. During their reign between the 8th century until the late 11th century, Vikrampur, a region 12 miles from Dhaka, was their capital. The Pala rulers were Buddhists, but majority of their subjects were Hindus.[6]
Hindu kingdom[edit]
Sena dynasty's founder, Hemanta Sen, was part of the Pala dynasty until their empire began to weaken.[7] He usurped power and styled himself king in 1095 AD. Then largely Hindu community populated the lower Dhaka region. Still existent localities like Laksmibazar, Banglabazar, Sutrapur, Jaluanagar, Banianagar, Goalnagar, Tantibazar, Shakhari Bazar, Sutarnagar, Kamarnagar, Patuatuli and Kumartuli are the examples of settlements of Hindu craftsmen and professionals in that era.[8] According to popular legend, Dhakeshwari Temple was built by Ballal Sena, the second Sena ruler.[9] Another tradition says, there were fifty two bazaars and fifty three streets and the region acquired the name of "Baunno Bazaar O Teppun Gulli".[10]
Sultanate Period[edit]
Upon arrival of Islam in this region, Turkish and Afghan rulers reigned the area from the early 14th century until the late 16th century. An Afghan fort (also known as Old Fort of Dhaka) was built at that time which was later converted to the present-form of Dhaka Central Jail in 1820 by the British.[11] A 17th century historian, Mirza Nathan, described the fort in his book Baharistan-i-Ghaibi as "surrounded by mud walls and the largest and strongest in pre-Mughal era".[11]
In 1412 CE Shah Ali Baghdadi, a saint arrived in Delhi and then came to Dhaka where he became a disciple of Shah Bahar of the Chistia order.[12] His tomb is still at Mirpur on the outskirts of Dhaka.
Binat Bibi Mosque was built in 1454 at Narinda area of Dhaka during the reign of the Sultan of Bengal, Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah (r. 1435–1459).[13] It is the oldest brick structure that still exists in the city.[14]
According to the inscription found near the present-day Central Jail area, the gate of Naswallagali Mosque was renoveated in 1459 AD.[8][15]
Around 1550 a Portuguese historian, João de Barros, first inserted Dhaka into the map in his book Décadas da Ásia (Decades of Asia).[8]
Mughal rule and rise as the capital of Bengal[edit]
Dhaka came into the domain of Mughal Empire during the reign of Akbar after the Battle of Tukaroi which was fought in 1575 near the village of Tukaroi now in Balasore District, West Bengal between the Mughals and the Karrani Sultanate of Bengal and Bihar. [16]
However, during this reign of Emperor Akbar (r. 1556–1605), Dhaka was referred as a Thana (a military outpost).[17] Dhaka was situated in Bhati region which hosted several rebel forces led by Bara-Bhuiyans from mid to late 16th century. After the leader of Bara-Bhuiyans, Musa Khan, was subdued by Mughal General Islam Khan Chisti in 1608, Dhaka again went directly under control of Mughals.
The newly appointed Governor of Bengal, Islam Khan transferred the Bengal capital from Rajmahal to Dhaka in order to crush further rebel uprisings.[8] This initiated a new era of the history of Dhaka as the capital city of Mughol province of Bengal. He also renamed Dhaka as Jahangirnagar (City of Jahangir); Jahangir was the Mughal Emperor at that time. Due to its location right beside some main river routes, Dhaka was an important center for business. The Muslin fabric was produced and traded in this area. He successfully crushed the regional revolts in Jessore, Bakla (present days Barisal) and Bhulua (present days Noakhali) and brought almost the entire province under the Moghol domain.[8]
As the next governor, Prince Shuja built Bara Katra between 1644 and 1646 in Dhaka to serve as his official residence. He also patronized building of Hussaini Dalan, a Shia imambara in old Dhaka though he himself was a Sunni. In the late 1640s, for personal and political reasons, he made the temporary move to shift the capital back to Rajmahal. Dhaka became a subordinate station. Due to political turmoil, Emperor Aurangzeb sent Mir Jumla to deal with Prince Shuja.[18] He pursued Shuja up to Dhaka and reached the city on 9 May 1660. But Shuja fled to Arakan region. As Jumla was ordered to become the next Governor of Bengal,Dhaka was again made the capital of the region. Construction of Lalbagh Fort was commenced in 1678 CE by Prince Muhammad Azam during his 15-month long vice-royalty of Bengal, but before the work could complete, he was recalled by Emperor Aurangzeb.
The largest expansion of the city took place under the next Mughal governor Shaista Khan (1664–1688). The city then stretched for 12 miles in length and 8 miles in breadth and is believed to have had a population of nearly a million people.[19] The Chawk Mosque, Babubazar Mosque, Sat Gumbad Mosque, Choto Katra were originally built during this period. He also built tombs of Bibi Pari, Bibi Champa and Dara Begum.[8] A French traveller, Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, arrived Dhaka on 13 January 1666 and met Shaista Khan.[20] He referred Shaista Khan as "the uncle of King Aurangzeb and the cleverest man in all his kingdom".[20]
Prince Azim-ush-Shan became the Governor of Bengal in 1697. Due to conflict with Diwan Murshid Quli Khan, he shifted his office from Dhaka to Patna in 1703.[21][22] Murshid Khan also shifted his office to Mauksusabad (later renamed it to Murshidabad).
Portuguese settlements[edit]
In Bengal region, the Portuguese made the principal trading center in Hooghly.[23] They also made small settlements in Dhaka in about 1580.[24] Ralph Fitch, an English traveller, recorded in 1586 that Portuguese traders were involved in shipping rice, cotton and silk goods.[24] Tavernier mentioned about churches built in Dhaka by Portuguese Augustinian missionaries. J.J. Campos, an editor of Asiatic Society of Bengal, named several Portuguese churches in Dhaka - Church of Our Lady of Rosary, Church of St. Nicholas of Tolentino, Church of the Holy Ghost and Church of our Lady Piety.[25]
During the viceroyalty of Shaista Khan, another section of the Portuguese came from Sandwip and Arakan and settled in Dhaka at a place called Feringhi Bazar.[24]
Sebastien Manrique, a Portuguese missionary and traveller, visited Dhaka in September 1640 and spent about 27 days around the area.[23] According to him, the city extended along the Buriganga river for over four and a half miles from Maneswar to Narinda and Fulbaria. Christian communities lived around these suburbs in the west, east and north. He further mentioned "a small but beautiful church with a convent" in Dhaka. In his words,
|This is the chief city in Bengala and the seat of the principal Nababo or viceroy, appointed by the emperor, who bestowed this viceroyalty, on several occasions, on one of his sons. It stands in a wide and beautiful plain on the banks of the famous and here fructifying Ganges river, beside which the City stretches for over a league and a half.[23]
Nawab era[edit]
In 1716 Murshid Quli Khan was made the Governor of whole Bengal. He became so powerful that he acted as the de facto independent ruler of the region. The era continued through Shujauddin Khan (1729–1739), Sarfaraz Khan (1739–1740), Alivardi Khan (1740–1756) and Sirajuddaula (1756–1757). They were unofficially known as Nawabs.[26] They ruled the whole region from their offices in Murshidabad.
Naib-Nazim of Dhaka[edit]
The position of Naib-Nazim (Deputy Governor) was created to administer Dhaka Niabat since 1717.[26] They were appointed by the Governors until Sirajuddaula, the last independent Governor of Bengal, lost control to the British in the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Here is a partial list of Naib-Nazims of Dhaka:[22][27]
- Khan Muhammad Ali Khan (1717)
- Itisam Khan (1723–1726)
- A son of Itisam Khan (1726–1727)
- Mirza Lutfullah (a grandson-in-law of Murshid Quli Khan) (1728–1734)
- Sarfaraz Khan 1734-1739
- Galib Ali Khan (1734-1738)
- Murad Ali Khan (1738-1739)
- Abdul Fattah Khan (1739-1740)
- Nowazish Mohammad Khan (1740-1754)
- Hossain Quli Khan (1740-1754)
- Murad Dowlat (1754-1755)
- Jasarat Khan (1755-1762 and again 1765-1778)
- Mohammed Ali (1762-1762)
- Mohammed Reza Khan (1763-1765)
- Ghaziuddin Haider (1834–1843).
The office of Naib Nazim of Dhaka was officially abolished in 1843.[26]
Armenian settlements[edit]
The Armenians settled in Dhaka in the early 18th century.[28] They established successful trade ties in jute and leather with Mughals and Nawabs.[29] The Armenian Church built in 1781 in Armanitola area bears the evidence of their presence. Since the British started ruling Bengal in 1757, Armenians slowly moved out of this area. As of 2003 CE, Michael Joseph Martin was the last Armenian living in Dhaka.[30]
British East India Company rule (1772—1857)[edit]
The English formally established their factories in Dhaka in 1668.[20] The English traders were already in the city as early as in 1666 when Tavernier visited.[20] William Hedges was appointed the first head of British East India Company. He arrived Dhaka on 25 October 1681.[31] The city passed under partial control of the British East India Company in 1772 after the Battle of Buxar. Per the Treaty of Allahabad, East India Company was appointed imperial tax collector of the province Bengal-Bihar-Orissa by the Mughal emperor. East India company was still a subject of the Mughal empire. East India company took complete control in 1793 when Nizamat(Mughal appointed governorship was abolished). The city then became known by its anglicized name, Dacca. Owing to the war, the city's population shrank dramatically in a short period of time.[32] Although an important city in the Bengal province, Dhaka remained smaller than Kolkata, which served as the capital of British India for a long period of time. Under British rule, many modern educational institutions, public works and townships were developed. A modern water supply system was introduced in 1874 and electricity supply in 1878.[33] The Dhaka Cantonment was established near the city, serving as a base for the soldiers of the British Indian Army. Dhaka served as a strategic link to the frontier of the northeastern states of Tripura and Assam.
Charles D'Oyly was the Collector of Dhaka from 1808 to 1811. He made a good collection of painting folios of Dhaka in Antiquities of Dacca.[34] These paintings exhibited much of the ruins of Dhaka from the Mughal era. A short historical account of the paintings was also appended to each book. James Atkinson wrote these accounts, accompanied by engravings done by Landseer.
In 1835 Dhaka College was established as an English School by the then Civil Surgeon Dr. James Taylor.[35] It got the college status in 1841. Local Muslim and Hindu students as well as Armenians and Portuguese were among the first graduates.[35]
Rise of Dhaka Nawab Estate[edit]
Under the Permanent Settlement of Bengal enactment by Charles Cornwallis in 1793, the Company government and the Bengali zamindars agreed to fix revenues to be raised from land.[36] As a result, Dhaka Nawab Estate grew to become the largest zamindari in Eastern Bengal. It was founded by Kashmir origin Khwaja Hafizullah and his nephew Khwaja Alimullah.[37] A French trading center is converted as the residence of the Dhaka Nawabs in 1830.[38] It was later constructed into a palace and named Ahsan Manzil. The estate paid Rs 3,20,964 as per agreement to the Company government in 1904.[37] In 1952 the Estate was abolished according to the East Bengal Estate Acquisition and Tenancy Act.[37]
British Raj rule (1858—1947)[edit]
Following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, British East India Company's ruling ended and the British Crown took direct control of the region in 1858. Dacca Municipality (later Dhaka City Corporation) was established on August 1, 1864.[39]
In 1885 railway line between Dhaka and Narayanganj was built. Mymensingh was connected to Dhaka in 1889.[15]
Lord Curzon arrived Dhaka in 1904 and established Curzon Hall. In July 1905 he decided to take effect the Partition of Bengal. Dhaka became the capital of the new province, Eastern Bengal and Assam, on October 16, 1905.[40] Joseph Bampfylde Fuller entered on his office in Dhaka as the first lieutenant-governor of the region in January 1906.[41] But the partition was revoked in 1911 and Dhaka became a district town on April 1, 1912.[40]
Eden College was founded in 1880. Narendra Narayan Roy Choudhury, landlord of the Baldah Estate, built Baldha Garden in 1909. University of Dhaka was established in 1921.[15] Philip Hartog became the first vice-chancellor of the university. The prestigious Ahsanullah School of Engineering (now the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology) was established in 1912 under the substantial grants and patronage from Dhaka Nawab Family.[42]
East Bengal/Pakistan's capital (1947—1971)[edit]
Following the Partition of India on August 1947, Dhaka became the capital of East Bengal under the Dominion of Pakistan. The city witnessed serious communal violence that left thousands of people dead. A large proportion of the city's Hindu population departed for India, while the city received hundreds of thousands of Muslim immigrants from the Indian states of West Bengal, Assam and Bihar. Population increased from 335,925 in 1951 to 556,712 in 1961 registering an increase of 65.7 percent.[43][44] As the centre of regional politics, Dhaka saw an increasing number of political strikes and incidents of violence. The proposal to adopt Urdu as the sole official language of Pakistan led to protest marches and strikes involving hundreds of thousands of people in Bengali Language Movement. The protests soon degenerated into widespread violence after police firing killed students who were demonstrating peacefully. Martial law was be imposed throughout the city for a long period of time.
The arrest of the Bengali politician Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in 1968 would also spark intensive political protests and violence against the military regime of Ayub Khan. The 1970 Bhola cyclone devastated much of the region, killing numerous people. More than half the city of Dhaka was flooded and waterlogged, with millions of people marooned. The same year, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman won a landslide victory in general election. He was elected as the next president of Pakistan. However, the West Pakistan's military rulers and even the largest opposition party's (PPP) leader Zulfiker Ali Bhutto refused to hand over the presidency to East Pakistan leadership. The following year saw Sheikh Mujib hold a massive nationalist gathering on March 7, 1971 at the Race Course Ground that attracted an estimated one million people. Galvanising public anger against ethnic and regional discrimination and poor cyclone relief efforts from the central government, the gathering preceded near total consensus among East Pakistan population for independent movement. In response, on March 25, 1971 in the middle of the night, the Pakistan Army launched Operation Searchlight, which led to the arrests, torture and killing of hundreds of thousands of people - just in the that night alone. As a result, on behalf of East Pakistan leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, a Bengali army Major named Ziaur Rahman (later General & President) declared Bangladesh's independence on March 26, 1971. This resulted in further mass genocide of approximately 3 million people. Citizens and intellectuals from Dhaka was the largest victim of this mass genocide. The fall of the city to the Indian Army on December 16, 1971 marked the creation of the independent state of Bangladesh. Dhaka became the capital of Bangladesh.
Several prominent architectural development took place in Dhaka during this period. Holy Family Hospital was built in March 1953.[40] New Market was established in Azimpur in 1954.[40] Dhaka College was moved to Dhanmondi in July 1956.[40] Kamalapur railway station was established in 1969.[45]
Post-independence of Bangladesh (1971—present)[edit]
Despite independence, political turmoil continued to plague the people of Dhaka. The Pakistan Army's operations had killed or displaced millions of people, and the new state struggled to cope with the humanitarian challenges. The year 1975 saw the killing of Sheikh Mujib and three military coups. The city would see the restoration of order under military rule, but political disorder would heighten in the mid-1980s with the pro-democracy movement led by the Awami League and the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. Political and student strikes and protests routinely disrupted the lives of Dhaka's people. However, the post-independence period has also seen a massive growth of the population, attracting migrant workers from rural areas across Bangladesh. A real estate boom has followed the development of new settlements such as Gulshan, Banani and Motijheel. In 1985, Dhaka hosted the inaugural summit of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. It has also hosted the summits of the D8 group and the Organisation of the Islamic Conference.
Dhaka has always been the most populous city of East Bengal throughout the history and currently it has an estimated population of more than 15 million people, making it the largest city in Bangladesh and the 9th largest city in the world.[46]
See also[edit]
- ^ The city of Dacca viewed painting by De Fabeck Frederick
- ^ "Pre-Mughal History of Dhaka". 2006-09-05. Retrieved 2012-10-04.
|last1=in Authors list (help)
- ^ a b c Mamoon, Muntassir (2010). Dhaka: Smiriti Bismiritir Nogori. Anannya. p. 94.
- ^ "Banglapedia article on Kamarupa". Banglapedia. Retrieved 2013-03-23.
- ^ Allen, B.C. Eastern Bengal District Gazetteers - Dhaka. p. 18. ISBN 978-81-7268-194-4. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
- ^ "Banglapedia article on Pala Dynasty". Banglapedia. Retrieved 2013-03-23.
- ^ "Banglapedia article on Sena Dynasty". Banglapedia. Retrieved 2013-03-23.
- ^ a b c d e f AM Chowdhury, Dhaka, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-08-18
- ^ M Muktadir Arif Mozammel, Dhakeshwari Temple, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-08-24
- ^ Bradley-Birt, F. B. (1906), The Romance of an Eastern Capital, p. 94
- ^ a b An Architect's Dhaka - Daily Star
- ^ Mosharraf Hussain Bhuiyan, Shah Ali Baghdadi (R), Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-08-21
- ^ "Binat Bibi Mosque". ArchNet Digital Library. Retrieved 2012-09-18.
- ^ From Jahangirnagar to Dhaka by Faruque Hasan in The Daily Star
- ^ a b c Mamoon, Muntassir (2010). Dhaka: Smiriti Bismiritir Nogori. Anannya. p. 305. ISBN 9844121043.
- ^ The History of India: The Hindú and Mahometan Periods By Mountstuart Elphinstone, Edward Byles Cowell, Published by J. Murray, Calcutta 1889,Public Domain
- ^ Akbarnama
- ^ Abdul Karim, Mir Jumla, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-08-18
- ^ Dhaka Under the Mughals - Dhaka South City Corporation
- ^ a b c d Bradley-Birt, F. B. (1906), The Romance of an Eastern Capital, p. 144
- ^ Diwans were separate positions for financial and revenue administration and they were directly appointed by the Emperor.
- ^ a b KM Karim, Naib Nazim, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-08-20
- ^ a b c Sharif Uddin Ahmed. "Banglapedia article on Manrique, Sebastien". Banglapedia. Retrieved 2013-03-21.
- ^ a b c J. J. A. Campos (1919). History of Portuguese in Bengal. Asian Educational Services. pp. 88–90.
- ^ J. J. A. Campos (1919). History of Portuguese in Bengal. Asian Educational Services. pp. 247–250.
- ^ a b c Sirajul Islam, Nawab, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-08-19
- ^ Mamoon, Muntassir (2010). Dhaka: Smiriti Bismiritir Nogori. Anannya. pp. 143–144.
- ^ Sushil Chaudhury, The Armenians, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-09-06
- ^ The Armenian Church: Legacy of a Bygone Era by theindependent
- ^ The mission of Dhaka's last Armenian by BBC
- ^ Bradley-Birt, F. B. (1906), The Romance of an Eastern Capital, p. 156
- ^ "Dhaka Under the East India Company". 2006-09-05. Retrieved 2012-10-04.
|last1=in Authors list (help)
- ^ "History of Dhaka Under the British". 2006-09-05. Retrieved 2012-10-04.
|last1=in Authors list (help)
- ^ Muntassir Mamoon, Antiquities of Dacca by Charles D'Oyley, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-08-22
- ^ a b "Brief History of Dhaka College". Retrieved December 6, 2013.
- ^ Sirajul Islam, Permanent Settlement, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-10-02
- ^ a b c M Ali Akbar, Dhaka Nawab Estate, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-10-02
- ^ Mohammad Alamgir, Ahsan Manzil, Banglapedia: The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Retrieved: 2012-10-02
- ^ "Don't split Dhaka, Khoka urges govt". UNBConnect. 12 November 2011. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
- ^ a b c d e Dani, Ahmad (1962), Dacca - A record of its changing fortunes, Mrs. Safiya S Dani, p. 119
- ^ Online Encyclopedia
- ^ "Khwaja Salimullah". World History. Retrieved 2012-01-12.
- ^ Census of Pakistan, bulletin no. 2, 1961, p. 18
- ^ "History". 2006-09-05. Retrieved 2012-10-04.
|last1=in Authors list (help)
- ^ Ershad Ahmed. "Dhaka". blogspot.com. Retrieved 2014-02-18.
- ^ World Bank (30 July 2010). Country Assistance Strategy for the People's Republic of Bangladesh for the Period FY11-14, page 4.


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A coalition of 18 non-profit government oversight groups and other interested associations are pushing the Senate to pass the Data Accountability and Transparency Act, known as the Data Act, a bill designed to create a system for tracking federal spending at a level of detail not currently available.
The groups, led by the Sunlight Foundation and Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, urged swift passage of the bill in the Senate -- without the changes suggested by the Office of Management and Budget in a draft document.
In a letter to Sens. Tom Carper (D-Del.) and Tom Coburn (R-Okla.), the chairman and ranking member of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, the groups cautioned that "the draft OMB language would hollow out the DATA Act's central purpose: to transform federal spending from disconnected documents into open data -- standardized, structured, and available to citizens and policy makers. The revisions would also strip the DATA Act of its funding mechanism and supplant OMB in the Treasury Department's role."
The groups also sent a letter to President Barack Obama seeking clarification on the OMB draft. "We understand that the draft is not necessarily the official position of the administration and hope to have the opportunity to consult with OMB prior to its issuing any final recommendations. While some of our groups have had preliminary meetings with OMB and the White House on this issue, we were surprised by OMB's draft proposal," they wrote.
The groups signing the letter include the Center for Responsive Politics, the Data Transparency Coalition, whose director, Hudson Hollister, helped write the Data Act as a legislative staffer, the American Library Association, and Gun Owners of America.
The legislation would consolidate federal spending on contracts, grants, and loan programs on the USASpending.gov website, using common data elements to identify government programs and the recipients of federal funds. Agencies would be required to submit all spending data to a centralized portal in machine-readable form and would be accountable for the quality, completeness and accuracy of their data. The House passed the measure 388-1 in November. A Senate version of the bill introduced by Sen. Mark Warner (D-Va.) has won committee approval and is awaiting action by the full chamber.
About the Author
Adam Mazmanian is a staff writer covering Congress, the FCC and other key agencies. Connect with him on Twitter: @thisismaz.
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In an interview with FCW, the Department of Veterans Affairs' chief technology officer talks about overhauling the digital experience for VA customers.
The National Information Exchange Model's usefulness extends far beyond its origins in justice and law enforcement.
ACT-IAC'S Rick Holgate and Dan Chenok look ahead to what's next for federal IT in 2015.
A bill that will allow DHS to hire cybersecurity professionals faster and pay them more now heads to the president for his signature.
How NASA and other agencies are using contests to bring better ideas into acquisition.
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Steve Kelman considers the costs of corruption in Mexico, China, and most developing countries -- and argues that Americans should keep their own government troubles in perspective.
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silver salmonLine breaks: sil¦ver sal¦mon
Definition of silver salmon in English:
Another term for coho.
Example sentences
- It is possible to catch late king salmon, chum salmon, sockeye salmon, early silver salmon, rainbow trout, dolly varden, grayling and arctic char.
- The scientist watches as eagles dive into the river, emerging laboriously moments later with silver salmon firmly in their talons.
- They can also try fly tying classes, ice fishing for trout, arctic char and silver salmon in the comfort of a heated tent, and boat trips for admiring sea lions, dolphins and whales.
Definition of silver salmon in:
- US English dictionary
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Word of the day reciprocity
Pronunciation: ˌresəˈpräsədē
exchanging things with others for mutual benefit…


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Santa Maria has 27 City parks including more than 234 acres of grass, trees and play fields, two public swimming pools, gazebos for summer concerts, plenty of places to barbecue, an 11-acre lake where you can fish, and another park with a replica of the good ship Santa Maria. More parks are being developed to bring residents even more outdoor recreational opportunities. Santa Maria also has a regional park in Los Flores Ranch Park, which occupies much of the 1,774-acre property south of the City.
Looking for a beautiful park setting to rent for a birthday party or special event? Pioneer Park, Rodenberger Park, or Preisker Park may be exactly what you are looking for! To view more information regarding these parks, and park views, please click on the links provided below. For more information regarding rental pricing and availability, please contact the Recreation and Parks office at (805) 925-0951, ext. 260. To set-up your reservation, please stop by our office at 615 S. McClelland Street, where our helpful staff can walk you through the process.
~ Click your choice or scroll down to view ~
Adam Park
Alice Trefts Park
Armstrong Park
Atkinson Park
Buena Vista Park
Fletcher Park
Grogan Park
Hagerman Sports Complex Visit the (Hagerman Sports Complex webpage.)
Jim May Park
Joe White Park
Los Flores Ranch Park
View additional information on Los Flores Ranch Park
Maramonte Park
Marilyn Stanley Park
Minami Park
Oakley Park
Perlman Park
Pioneer Park
North Preisker Ranch Park
Preisker Park
Rice Park
Rodenberger Park
Rosalind Perlman Park
Rotary Centennial Park and Robin Ventura Tee Ball Field
Russell Park
Sierra Vista Park
Simas Park
Stanley Park
Tunnell Park
Veterans' Memorial Park
Westgate Park


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Home » Naomi Campbell Hairstyles
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We used to do 'cross and mtb Madison's at the Dirt Derby in Austin
When does 19 Digital go live?
Best. Press release. Ever.
Two words: Dirt Derby www.dirtderby.com
Looking for a clinic in the Southeast? Check out our Women's Only and Men's clinics in Boone, NC on September 11, featuring national champion Ashley James. Great for raw beginners through seasoned vets. All he info at www.highcountrycx.com/clinic


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Church's first female pastor listens to guest sermon
March 26, 2012 | 4:55 p.m. CDTSt. Paul A.M.E. Church's first female pastor Mary L. Hull-Lovett listens as guest speaker the Rev. Jerry Ellison of Fifth Street Christian Church delivers a sermon as part of a 145th anniversary celebration.
RELATED STORIES: Historic downtown St. Paul A.M.E. Church celebrates 145th anniversary


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At least 13 people have been killed during clashes between south Sudan's army and armed northern nomads.
The fighting is the latest flare-up in the oil-producing border region, escalating tensions ahead of April elections, an army spokesman said on Friday.
"On our side two were killed in action and two were wounded," Kuol Diem Kuol, a south Sudan army spokesman, told the Reuters news agency. He said the Misseriya nomads were "completely defeated" and 11 were killed.
The attack on the oil-producing Unity state, which produces Sudan's light Nile Blend, happened on Wednesday, Kuol said.
The Misseriya are loyal to the Khartoum government in the north but graze their cattle to the south of the border with the autonomous region. The south says the north armed some members of the tribe as a proxy militia during the country's civil war.'Political motives'Kuol said there were political motives behind the attacks.
"Somebody somewhere is pushing them [the Misseriya]. They have been used for many years," Kuol said.
"Some Misseriya are grazing freely in the south ... but these are people who are insisting to come in with guns"
Kuol Diem Kuol, South Sudan army spokesman
"Some Misseriya are grazing freely in the south ... but these are people who are insisting to come in with guns."
The south's semi-autonomous government says the nomads are welcome but must leave weapons in the north. Herders say this leaves them vulnerable to wild animals and cattle raiders.
An agreement signed earlier this year between the herders and southern officials said that the nomads may now bring in five small guns to accompany large herds and three guns if they are moving with smaller groups.
But Kuol says the nomads were breaking this agreement and carrying too many guns.
Southerners are set to vote in a January 2011 referendum on secession from Sudan's north, which they accuse of oppression after a civil war that has raged on and off for more than five decades.
Sudan's north and south have not agreed on key issues ahead of the 2011 referendum, including defining their common border, citizenship and the rights of communities whose livelihoods traverse the frontier.
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main index
"I baked you a pie!"The asdfmovies are a series of short, rapid-fire, surreal YouTube web cartoons produced by Tom Ska, partially adapting strips from asdfcomics, his webcomic. The skits are short, as are the movies overall, and the humour is random, but amusing in its own, strange way. If you can keep up. Or are similarly insane. You can see them all in this compilation if you haven't already.
"Oh boy, what flavor?"
*guitar riff*
The Videos (Works in the Series in Bold)
The short skits mean that knowing what's in them will spoil the (what can loosely be called) gags very easily, so we recommend you watch the movies before reading the trope list. It won't take long.
This series provides examples of:
"Do you ever get tired of being random?"
"Me neither."


text:
D.C. Cathedral Honoring Woodrow Wilson's Birthday
The National Cathedral in Washington is celebrating President Woodrow Wilson's birthday with a wreath-laying ceremony.
Students Give Birthday Tribute To Baltimore Pioneer Reginald F. Lewis
A birthday celebration for Baltimore's first black billionaire kicked off. But Friday's event was more than just candles and cake.
Sugar Company Celebrates 90th Birthday With A Contest
Domino Sugars' bright red neon sign shimmers over the Inner Harbor. in celebration of their 90th birthday, there's a contest to see who can capture the iconic sign best.
Obama Turns 51; Plays Golf, Will Go To Camp David
President Barack Obama celebrated his 51st birthday Saturday with a round of golf and plans for a quiet weekend at Camp David, taking a break from campaigning three months before Election Day.
B&O Railroad Celebrates 185th Birthday
We're marking a birthday of note in Baltimore this weekend. The B&O Railroad is 185 years old.
Beyond Centennial: Baltimore Woman Celebrates 106th Birthday
It's not every day someone turns 106 years old, but that's what's happening in Edgewood on Wednesday.
Special Birthday Wish Comes True For 10-Year-Old Baltimore Boy
A secret surprise for one boy celebrating his birthday brings a soldier home to Baltimore.
Woman, 102, Aims To Get 5,000 Facebook Friends
Sophie Ferrara is turning 102 and trying to reach 5,000 Facebook friends.
Homage Paid To Jim Henson, Muppet & Kermit Creator
Jim Henson's birthplace is remembering the Kermit creator's 75th birthday.
National Zoo To Host Birthday Party For Lion Cubs
The National Zoo is planning a special celebration this week to celebrate the first birthday of its seven lion cubs.
3 Hurt In Small Explosion In Home
Officials say a small explosion in a home in Finksburg that injured three people may have been caused when fireworks were inadvertently mixed in with birthday candles.
Former Md. Delegate Kenneth Webster Dies At 76
Webster, who authored legislation to make Maryland the second state to recognize the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday as a holiday in 1974, has died.


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Pakistan's (KSE100) benchmark stock index rose to a 13-month high on optimism that a meeting of world leaders including U.S. President Barack Obama intended to offer support to the nation will boost confidence in its economy.
Pakistan PTA Ltd., which produces pure terephthalic acid, the raw material used to make polyester fiber, jumped 15 percent to 6.2 rupees, its highest since Oct. 26, 2007, ahead of the Friends of Democratic Pakistan meeting in New York today.
Nestle Pakistan Ltd., (NESTLE) the No. 1 maker of dairy products, gained 5 percent to 1,160 rupees. Pakistan Petroleum Ltd., (PPL) the nation's biggest gas producer, added 4.3 percent to 202.33 rupees. United Bank Ltd., the No. 3 lender by assets, advanced 3.5 percent to 60.1 rupees.
The benchmark Karachi Stock Exchange 100 Index gained 277.01, or 2.9 percent, to 9,713.83, the highest level since Aug. 25, 2008, and the best performance today among 91 major indexes tracked by Bloomberg. The gauge has risen 66 percent this year after falling 58 percent in 2008, the first annual drop in seven years.
"The Friends of Democratic Pakistan meeting is the main reason behind the buoyant mood," said Umair Siddique, deputy head of research at Elixir Securities Pakistan Pvt. in Karachi. "Investors expect a positive outcome and that is driving sentiment."
Obama, Pakistan President Asif Ali Zardari and British Prime Minister Gordon Brown will co-chair the meeting, a statement issued by the White House yesterday said.
The meeting will discuss international support for the people and government of Pakistan and will address how to deal with humanitarian challenges, achieve economic stability and improve security, the report said.
To contact the reporter on this story: Rajhkumar K Shaaw in Mumbai at firstname.lastname@example.com
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Linus Chua at firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
All the pwm-pins on my Uno are occupied and I would like to use timer 1 or 2 to set up a timer interrupt to resolve some timing issues. I have learned that using timers cause losing pwm-pins, since the timers are also used for generating pwm-signals by the analogWrite function.
My Rover 5 has become quite heavy (2.5 kg), and the engines are not powerful enough to run it smoothly. I would like replace the motors for somewhat stronger motors. Does anyone have experience with it? Will this goes well with the encoders and the gearbox? Or is it better to switch to a different chasis? And if yes, what would you recommend me?
I am looking into the "Dual MC33926 motor driver carrier" and have a question about the control pins (D1, D2, IN1 and IN2).
I am not able to upload a sketch to Dagu Mini Driver and get the error message avrdude:verification error, first mismatch at byte 0x0000 0x3f = 0x41.
Dear reader,
Protocol issues….
Hi All,
Last week my Rover 5 completed his first tour in our living room avoiding obstacles / no bumping ;-).
The Rover has the following sensors / inputs:
I recently bought a Rover 5 and an Arduino Uno and made my first sketches. My goal is to let the Rover drive standalone in our livingroom, avoiding objects, childrens and pets ;-).


text:
- Posted May 25, 2014 by
- LucyConnor Follow
Athens, Georgia
How many of you remember this song by Bread? It was one I had sung at my wedding some 31 years ago.
"If a picture paints a thousand words
Then why can't I paint you?
The words will never show
The you I've come to know"
Sometimes the word "if" is really "if only". I have been on the downside of that one for sure. "If only I did not shop so much, if only I would lose some weight, if only I would spend more time on him….you get the picture. "If only's" are a way to let someone know you are disappointed in him or her. Yes, a way to control.
"If" is not always negative, however. Look at the beautiful lyrics I posted. The lover wants the world to stop so he can exclaim his incredible love for his partner. "If only" he could figure out a way to adequately describe his love. "If only" when used to better yourself, is not an enemy…now it is a friend.
When I look at a relationship, I am a realist. I know beyond a shadow of a doubt, I am going to be a true frustration for my love…probably on an ongoing basis. How do I know this? Mostly, because I am a true frustration for myself on many levels and as a single woman, at this point I am my own number one fan! This is something that does not thwart my idea of what love is and what can be. I know things will never be perfect. I also know that sometimes, it is me who needs to change in order to help things out. I am willing, I am ready, I am eager to change the things about me that stand as walls between my lover and myself.
Should I change my core beliefs, my morality, my faith? These are things that are inherent to who I am. If I change these, I am denying that my soul exists and is valid. These are not the kinds of changes I am talking about. Let me give an example. In High School, I was given the 8:05 arrival award (class started at 8:00). I was perpetually late, not tons late, just… a little. When I married, my husband was chronically a half hour early which I thought was just plain stupid. Eventually, he set our alarm clock 20 minutes ahead so that I would look at the clock and think it was 7:00 when it was actually 6:40. I was a frustration for him. He was controlling and felt the need to control me on this point. Looking back, what would have been the big deal for me just to have realized this was important to him and was a habit I could change. It would have eliminated the need for him to try to control me through our clock. It would have stopped countless arguments between us. I could have just stepped up and said, "Ok. This is important to you and I love you, so I will change this part of me BECAUSE, I love you." But I did not. Funny enough, this year I was put on a list at school of people who had been late more than 7 times in the first 9 weeks of class. Most of those times, I was a just minute late..but guess what? After that list, I was 10 minutes early every day. I had to re-learn the same lesson I so stubbornly avoided all those years ago, because I simply did not want to give in to my husband.
We need to choose our battles in relationships. They are not easy to enter into, to stay in or to navigate. We cannot believe that we are completely perfect for someone and never be willing to change when the change would do the relationship good. There is a difference between changing everything you are to "make" someone love you and changing pieces of "me" for the good of "we".
If I ever find him, I pray that I am willing to see the things about myself that I can change for the good of our relationship. I also hope I can find ways to express my needs in a relationship and how small changes can make big differences in every-day living. I know that in order for a relationship to grow and flourish, both partners need to come at it with a servant heart. Refusing to change in order that love may continue to increase between us is not being a servant, it is instead, self-serving.
"If" or "If only" when approached with the good of the pair in mind, can be the best two words in the world. They can mean, I love you enough to give you what you need…happily and freely. They can be the keys to a successful, servant heart based, loving.."forever".
"If the world should stop revolving
Spinning slowly down to die
I'd spend the end with you
And when the world was through
Then one by one the stars would all go out
Then you and I would simply fly away" (Bread)
What do you think of this story?
iReport welcomes a lively discussion, so comments on iReports are not pre-screened before they post. See the iReport community guidelines for details about content that is not welcome on iReport.


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Post vacation doldums Thursday
Find a Conversation
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 8:46am
I really shouldn't feel this way given the beautiful weather but it's hard to come back to the same old, same old. I'm teaching step this morning then have two advice clients. I'm supposed to row tonight but it's become painfully monotonous. I thnk I'm going to give it up. There are far too many thiings I want to do and that's just too regimented for me, both in what it is and the time. What are you all up to?
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 9:22am
Ever have a night of frustrating dreams and you wake up feeling pissy? That's me this morning. My dreams were one frustrating thing right after another - so much so that when I woke up, I decided to get up because I was tired of being annoyed.
I'm pretty sure I know what the source of that was... Maybe you guys can tell me what I'm missing here. The first contract I got is for 4 articles. I wrote a "trial" article that was about working out at home and included an exercise program. She liked it and asked for 3 more. The following three I wrote about the importance of rest, our obsession with the scale, and stretching. She hated all 3 of them and said they were boring and lacked "deep study". Yet, the job posting said they didn't want "boring medical stuff." She keeps telling me to write something "new and interesting." For the life of me, I don't know what that is. Honestly, there's not a lot about fitness topics that are "new and interesting" to me. Am I missing something?
I've got an aesthetician appointment this morning for electrolysis on the eyebrows and I'm starting it on the tattoo on my calf (not the new one). It's annoying getting laser on the legs but having this patch that still grows. I've got a massage this afternoon. I'll probably workout when I get home but I don't know what I'm doing yet.
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 9:51am
If rowing has become painfully monotonous, I'd move on. Like you said, there are too many other things to do rather than stick with something that is no longer enjoyable.
First thing today I have to grade a pre-algebra test and proofread rough drafts for the first writing assignment of the year. I then have the usual housework. I have to work later today at my other job so I'm going to try to squeeze in a few miles before I leave. It could be too late and raining by the time I get off work tonight so hopefully I'll get some exercise in early.
I finally found a great "pouch" for my cell phone, park pass, and car keys while I'm walking. I had been wearing an old fashioned belly bag but finally found something in a running store that works great.
Fresh-how is the new partner?
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 9:51am
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 1:53pm
I had a morning like that yesterday--weird odd dreams that was frustrating and it was a relief to finally wake up. I see the problem w/ your new position. The supervisor wants someone who can read her mind. Was that in the job description? "New and interesting" is a way of saying, "I have no idea what I want so find it." Maybe new and interesting to her might be balance training, eg bosu, ball? Maybe TRX, cross core, body weight exercises? HIIT and Tabatas? None of that is new but it might be to her. Hey, write about parkour:
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 1:54pm
I have no idea how people carry their cell phones all the time. I can't see myself carrying a pouch and it's too big for my pockets. I don't care to be accessible all the time but there are people who are.
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 2:01pm
Hmm, I'm getting a filter that I have profanity and for the life of me can't figure out what it could possibly be. Let's try this in piece parts:
Do you like bunco? I just couldn't get into it. Or, maybe it's that I couldn't get into the excuse of neighborhood ladies getting together to drink w/ an excuse. If I want to get together w/ friends and drink, I think I'd just call it that.
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 2:03pm
Okay, so the "profanity" wasn't in that portion. Moving to the next section:
My husband took hundreds of shots of Costa Rica but I didn't bring any electronics, except my kindle. As with everywhere else, people are just more laid back there. We're so hypercompetitive, stressed here, and with no good reason.
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 2:05pm
Hmmm, I found the sentence and cannot figure out why it's triggering the profanity problem. Maybe it's reading what's going on in my mind right now.
As I said to my family as we drove by little dwellings, people in our area w/ huge houses and granite countertops, are happier.
|Thu, 08-15-2013 - 2:06pm
So, that was really annoying because there was nothing in what I had posted that contained profanity and yet, I had to rewrite that to make it fit. Finally, and it's not worth all the effort...
I'm wondering if we do our kids a disservice in having them think there's any significance to the car they drive or size of house they live in. That's probably some of my post vacation blues. Back in competitive American society.


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Tag: photobooth
A collection of all available QuickPicks for Backup 3
Wishingline, a web design studio, has done .Mac members a favor and collected most of the QuickPicks that are available on the web for Apple's Backup 3. There are quite a few QuickPicks out there for everything from ecto to PDF documents, Photo Booth pictures to Shiira bookmarks, OmniOutliner docume...
Found Footage: Use iSight as an IR detector
Here's a useful tip for those that want to test the batteries of their Frontrow remote, or any IR remote for that matter. Use your iSight! Just fire up Photo Booth (or a test video window in iChat), aim the remote at the lens and press a button. The iSight can detect the infrared light just like o...
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'Great Little Camera'
'Touchscreen interface, built-in wi-fi connectivity and GPS'
'1080p video with zooming, stereo sound and continuous AF'
'Good zoom length, Touchscreen, Digital filters'
'Impressive zoom for such a compact body'
'Good picture quality, Built-in Wi-Fi and GPS'
'Excellent image stabilisation system, super-fast autofocus'
'Solid build, 18 megapixel stills'
'Very good photo quality'
'Pocket camera that has all the bases covered'
'Extremely quick focus'
'Inexpensive, 10x zoom range'
'Attractive all-metal body design'
'Camera is easy to grip'
'Picture quality is good'
'An attractive package as a travel camera that you can slip in a pocket and almost forget you're carrying it, but sacrifice little in terms of zoom range'
'Compact body has good handling'
'Easy to use '
'Easy to use'
'Picture quality, small size, extra zoom'
'Compact, Noticeable blurring at the edges'
'10x zoom is nice for a point-and-shoot'
'Inexpensive and easy to carry'
'Image quality is good for a budget camera'
'Good value for money'
'Low price, Long zoom, High resolution'
'Mediocre dim light shooting quality, Poor battery life'
'Lot of fun shooting options to experiment with'
'Painless use and excellent handling'
'6fps continuous shooting at full resolution '
'Great build quality '
'Excellent colour reproduction'
'Decent zoom range'
'14X ultra-wide-angle optical zoom'
'Bright and high-resolution LCD screen'
'Great 14x zoom'
'High speed continuous specs'
'Excellent camera for price'
'Mostly satisfactory'
'Faster continuous shooting'
'Broad and well-corrected 16x zoom covers every situation'
'Incredible focal range'
'3D shooting mode'
'Full manual and automatic controls '
'AVCHD and Mpeg4 video capture modes'
'Extensive feature set'
'Feature-packed camera'
'Good video functionality'
'Full HD video recording'
'The best pocket-sized Canon yet'
'Canon ELPH 100 HS -- U R going to luv it'
'Found a keeper'
'Very Nice Camera'
'This is an awesome camera!'
'A Very Fun Camera!'
'Great Upgrade from older models'
'Very good point and shoot camera!'
'Good but no Video zoom - Get the 300 HS'
'Small Size, Low Noise But Soft Photos, No Digital Zoom in 3:2'
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Angel Song 201821150 Vanilla Monaco Adult Continental Glider Rocker with Ottoman
Product Description
Monaco Continental Chair & Ottoman Set
This eye catching Monaco Continental Chair & Ottoman Set has a lovely textured vanilla woven fabric with vanilla gingham accents. This set is so cozy that once you sit down you'll never want to get up!
- Solid wood frame ensures that this set will provide many years of use
- Heavy duty steel rocking/gliding mechanism allows for a smooth gliding motion and 360 degree chair rotation
- Meticulously handmade by experienced craftsmen in the USA to ensure the finest quality possible
Set includes:
- One glider-rocker chair: 37"H x 36"W x 34"Back-to-Front
- One ottoman: 17"H x 26"L x 20"W
|Monaco Vanilla/Vanilla Gingham
|Fabric and Filling on Wood
|Made in USA
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Rockford Mayor Larry Morrissey Leaving Mayors Against Illegal Guns, Getting Concealed Carry Permit
At a town hall meeting of the Rockford Tea Party about Illinois' pending concealed carry law Rockford Mayor Larry Morrissey announced that he has/is leaving New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg's group Mayors Against Illegal Guns. Morrissey said that he first joined the group believing that they would stick to their name and work to stop the possession of firearms by criminals. However, as the | Read More »


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Richard Crandall
Richard Leon Crandall, 69, of Body Road, Hertford, NC died Thursday, March 13, 2014 at his residence. He was the husband of Jeanne Ivsac Crandall.
A funeral service with military honors will be held Monday, March 17, 2014 at 12:00 noon at Twiford Memorial Chapel with visitation two hours prior to the service. Twiford Memorial Chapel, 405 East Church Street, Elizabeth City, NC is assisting the Crandall family. Condolences may be expressed to the family at www.twifordfh.com.Print Obituary & Condolences
Condolences for the family of "Richard Crandall"
Darlene Tipton on
March 15th, 2014 10:07 pm
Hope you are at peace now. Love you always. Darlene
Ana on
March 18th, 2014 10:35 am
I am so sorry for your loss. Although, I do not know your family personally, I would like to share some encouraging thoughts from the Bible. The Bible provides comfort during these difficult times. Revelation 21:3-4 states, And he will wipe out every tear from their eyes, and death will be no more, neither will mourning nor outcry nor pain be anymore. The former things have passed away. Very soon now, we will never experience losing our loved ones in death. May these words give you a new hope.
Jerry , Kim ,& Jordan smith on
March 18th, 2014 1:24 pm
Pops we will always remember your kindness and thoughtful visits. May you rest in peace and much love to your family
Please share your thoughts ...
Note: Your message of condolence will be posted online within 24 hours. Thank you.


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Pastor John F. Ramsey, Sr. is the gifted and anointed Senior Pastor of New Life Worship Center, in Indianapolis, Indiana. The church is an exciting and rapidly growing church. Under his dynamic and visionary leadership, New Life Worship Center moved from its initial 350 seat sanctuary (Kessler location) into a 13-acre 80,000 square feet 1,500 seat facility, in the city's historic Traders Point neighborhood in July 2005. The church has grown to over 5,000 members with 30 active ministries. In 2007, New Life Worship Center paid CASH for a second location in Center Township at 3425 Boulevard Place to more effectively serve the Indianapolis community. The church currently holds three Sunday morning services in the two locations. In January 2011, the church opened a third location in Anderson, Indiana and begun a fourth Sunday service there at 3pm.
Pastor Ramsey attended Fort Wayne public schools and graduated from Snyder High School. Inspired by his love of athletics, he accepted a football scholarship at Miami University of Ohio and began pursuing an undergraduate degree in education. At the age of 21, during his junior year and motivated by the overwhelming power and love of God, he accepted God's call to the ministry. It was during these college years that he began preparing himself to do the will of God on a full-time basis.
Prior to serving as Pastor of New Life Worship Center, Pastor Ramsey was the founding Pastor of Victory Christian Center, a small storefront church located in the inner-city of Indianapolis. Starting with just one member, Victory Christian Center grew into a strong congregation within seven years. Under Pastor Ramsey's leadership, the congregation purchased a church site and completed payment of the mortgage in a three-month period.
In 2000, God moved Pastor Ramsey to accept a position as an Associate Pastor at a local mega church which sent 300 members with Pastor Ramsey to launch the ministry of New Life Worship Center on August 5, 2001. At the first service over 500 people were in attendance and thus began the vision of New Life Worship Center, "A Local Church with a Global Vision". Pastor Ramsey currently serves as a member of the Association of Independent Ministries (AIM) under his spiritual father, Bishop I.V. Hilliard of New Light Christian Center in Houston, Texas.
Pastor Ramsey is a sought after preacher, teacher, and featured national keynote speaker for various leadership and development programs. He is most passionate about helping to strengthen families and is acknowledged for his anointing in the areas of faith, relationships, and financial stewardship. He is currently working on his fourth publication. His newest work is focused on relationships entitled, "A Marriage made in Heaven, but going through Hell". His previously published works include "Smart Money Management; A Biblical Approach to Financial Stability" and "Armed and Dangerous; Equipping Leaders for Effective Ministry". He co-authored the highly regarded book entitled, "About My Father's Business; Merging Ministry & Industry" (Ramsey and Siegel). He is a member of the Board of Directors for the National Organization of Disorders of the Corpus Callosum, a national organization whose mission is to enhance the quality of life and promote opportunities for individuals born with disorders of the corpus callosum.
Pastor Ramsey is married to his lovely wife Alicia, a former public school administrator and current Executive Director of Ministries at New Life Worship Center. Together they are raising their two sons; John Ramsey Jr., Jeremiah David, and their newest addition, daughter Judah Maree.
For Booking Information or additional church information, contact: Tameca Perkins at (317) 297-5800 ext. 234.


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Oct. 1 (Bloomberg) -- Asian currencies had their biggest monthly loss in more than a decade as a global slowdown and concern some European nations will struggle to pay debts bolstered demand for the relative safety of the dollar.
South Korea's won completed its worst month since February 2009 and Taiwan's dollar dropped the most since October 1997 as overseas funds pulled a combined $3.9 billion from their stock markets. About three-quarters of 1,031 investors, analysts and traders said the euro-area economy will fall into recession during the next 12 months, according to a Bloomberg quarterly Global Poll published Sept. 29. The Federal Reserve warned of "significant downside risks" to the U.S. economy on Sept. 21.
"The odds are rising for a recession in Europe and we are seeing adjustments to market positioning on risk aversion," said Roy Teo, a currency strategist at ABN Amro Private Bank in Singapore. "Asian economies and currencies will not be spared as global growth is revised down."
The Bloomberg-JPMorgan Asia Dollar Index slid 4.1 percent this month to 114.72, the biggest drop since December 1997. The won lost 9.45 percent to 1,178.10 per dollar, Taiwan's dollar dropped 4.9 percent to NT$30.506 and Malaysia's ringgit weakened 7 percent to 3.1941, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. The Thai baht depreciated 3.7 percent to 31.10, its worst performance since March 2001.
Global funds pulled $2.6 billion from Taiwanese equities this month through yesterday and cut their holdings in South Korea by $1.3 billion, exchange data show. In Thailand, they sold $542 million more equities and $61 million more government debt than they bought.
Market Intervention
The International Monetary Fund lowered its forecast for 2011 global growth to 4 percent from 4.3 percent, and for 2012 to 4 percent from 4.5 percent last week, predicting a "severe" fallout if Europe fails to contain its debt crisis. Central banks in Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines confirmed in the past two weeks that they intervened to support their currencies, while counterparts in India, South Korea and Thailand said they were prepared to take similar action.
"Asia's currencies are under pressure because of fund outflows as investors have been risk averse due mainly to the European debt crisis," said Kozo Hasegawa, a trader at Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp. in Bangkok. "Sentiment may not recover anytime soon."
Government reports yesterday showed industrial production rose less than economists expected in South Korea and Japan and a manufacturing gauge in China contracted for a third month in September based on an index tracked by HSBC Holdings Plc. Taiwan kept its benchmark interest rate on hold at 1.875 percent after its quarterly review on Sept. 29, ending a run of five increases since mid-2010.
Production, Trade
The won dropped 0.4 percent in Seoul yesterday, approaching a one-year low of 1,196.13 reached Sept. 23. Factory output rose 4.8 percent in August from a year earlier, less than the 6.1 percent gain forecast in a Bloomberg survey of economists. Data today are expected to show exports rose in September at the slowest pace in three months, based on a separate survey. The Bank of Korea reported on Sept. 29 an August current-account surplus of $401 million that was the smallest in seven months.
Europe's debt crisis "will continue to dominate market sentiment for at least a month," said Kim Doo Hyun, a senior currency dealer with Korea Exchange Bank in Seoul. "Investors will pay attention to trade data after the current-account surplus narrowed in August."
The ringgit slipped 0.5 percent yesterday, capping its worst month since June 1998. The rupiah gained yesterday to trade at 8,790 per dollar, trimming losses this month to 2.9 percent. The baht also gained 0.2 percent yesterday, rebounding from a one-year low of 31.24 per dollar on Sept. 29.
India's rupee declined 5.9 percent to 48.9725 per dollar this month in Mumbai before the currency market closed yesterday for a holiday, after sliding 4.1 percent in August. The Philippine peso weakened 3.3 percent for the month to 43.735 while China's yuan fell 0.1 percent to 6.3859 for its first loss since January.
--With assistance from Jiyeun Lee in Seoul, Yumi Teso in Bangkok, Khalid Qayum in Singapore and Andrea Wong in Taipei. Editors: James Regan, Ven Ram
To contact the reporter on this story: David Yong in Singapore at firstname.lastname@example.com.
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Sandy Hendry at email@example.com


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Forbes Blasts Navy Plan to Deactivate Cruisers
- July 13, 2014
- comments: 0
Rep. Randy Forbes (R-Va.), chairman of the House Armed Services' Seapower and Projection Forces Subcommittee, slammed the Navy's plan to save $4.7 billion by taking 11 guided missile cruisers out of service for modernization. Forbes faulted the proposal during a hearing Thursday, saying there is no guarantee the ships would return to service since the money needed to update the cruisers may not be available. "I don't think this is a phased modernization plan," Forbes said, reported the Virginian-Pilot. "I think this is a phased euthanization plan, because when those ships go into dry dock, we have no assurance they're coming back …


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Lindsey Farr and Randy Abbott mixed classic traditions with modern details to celebrate their love and marriage.
Grace Joan Cline and Michael John Keeven
Mary Ruth Wagner has quite the resume: The Ursuline Academy grad served as student ambassador, a youth retreat leader and a varsity athlete, in addition to being a frequent volunteer. Her community work includes volunteering with Saint Louis Crisis Nursery for her junior service project at Ursuline—a school which features the motto, Serviam, as she notes—in addition to work with the Pujols Family Foundation.
"It's a night of faith, family and friends, and that's what makes it so special," says Peggy Barnhart about the Fleur de Lis ball, at which one of her daughters was an honoree this year.
Mimi Fonseca was presented at the Fleur de Lis Ball in 1980, and what she remembers more than anything is the family atmosphere. "My whole family was there: my grandparents, aunts and uncles, sister and brother."
Through a flourishing 52-year history, some 1,300 young women have been honored by the Fleur de Lis organization at its signature Charity Ball.
Finding that perfect dress for their daughter or son's wedding can be a time-consuming task for many mothers. But Distinctions in Fashion can make the search a little easier. "It's a place where women can come and feel comfortable, no matter what size they are, and how much money they want to spend, whether it's $200, or $2,000," says co-owner Nancy Lehtman.
Thirty-nine young women were presented to their families, guests and the Most Rev. Robert Carlson, Archbishop of St. Louis, at the 53rd annual Fleur de Lis Charity Ball at The Hyatt Regency Saint Louis at The Arch. Dressed in white gowns, donning white gloves and carrying bouquets designed by Ken Miesner Flowers, the ladies were escorted down the runway by their fathers, before the evening concluded with dancing and dinner. Proceeds benefit SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center. To date, the Fleur de Lis organization has donated $2.642 million to Glennon, which cares for children of all ages from St. Louis and around the world.
Just as much a part of the Fleur de Lis tradition is the connection between the Fleur de Lis organization and Cardinal Glennon Children's Foundation, which has been a beneficiary of the Catholic ball since its beginning in 1958, contributing $2.642 million to date. "It's been a significant contributor to our foundation, and we value that longstanding relationship with Fleur de Lis," says foundation executive director Dan Buck. "And what's also special about it: So many of the young ladies, who go through the process of the etiquette and the formal preparation for the event, or their siblings have actually been Cardinal Glennon patients at one time or another. It's funny, but each class always has some significant, wonderful Glennon story that families share with us. It's a program that gives back—sometimes through its own organization."
The Fleur de Lis Organization is known for its annual Charity Ball, where young ladies dressed in white gowns are presented to the archbishop of the Archdiocese of St. Louis. But for those involved, much of the event's significance lies in the tradition behind it.
The young ladies who were presented at the 1983 Fleur de Lis ball sit flanked by their fathers.
While it's highly unlikely, there were a few weeks this year when it seemed like our St. Louis winter would last until June. But spring is definitely on the way and that calls for a celebration. What better way to celebrate than a gala?
Making a bow…JULIE ELISE FRANK and KATHERINE ELIZABETH LINDBERG STONE were among 27 young women of distinction presented recently at the 56th International Debutante Ball at New York's Waldorf Astoria hotel. Julie graduated from Villa Duchesne and currently attends University of Mississippi. She is the daughter of TERRENCE FRANK and MARY FRANK. Katherine, a senior at MICDS, is the daughter of MR. AND MRS. ERIC STONE.
Charles Gamble
Is it just me, or have the men and women who comprise wedding parties today become very polite? They listen and take suggestions/instructions better than in the past. Maybe it's because people are getting married a bit later than they used to. It used to be groomsmen and grooms would more often than not come to the ceremony half drunk and smelling like a tavern. Today's men involved with weddings are just not doing this.
Guests and honorees more than tip-toed through the tulips at the 49th Fleur de Lis Charity Ball. It was late December, yet the St. Louis Ballroom at the Adam's Mark Hotel was alive with fresh, springtime flowers in cheery colors to warm the chilly outdoor weather.
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text: General Info about this Fanfiction: 1. It is DBZ, No duh. 2. It is completely made up by me. (No rips) 3.It is going to be a personal chapter by chapter story, so, you can ask questions and stuff here, just, do not spam or make bad comments about the Fanfic. Also, you cannot post something and say it is part of the story, that is my job...well, sorta. Thank you for listening to my Fanfic Description, Stay tuned, and read DBA!


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adidas Outdoor Women's Terrex Swift Cocona Short Sleeve Shirt
Product Information:
You'll love the semi-fitted, sleek look of this performance tee by adidas® Outdoor. From the activated carbon technology that releases moisture so you stay dry to the EVAporative cooling system, you'll stay comfortable during your outdoor trail runs, training session at the gym or even hanging out with friends on the weekend. Pair this adidas® Outdoor Women's Terrex Swift top under your favorite fleece or with your running gear.
- Half zip short sleeve shirt
- Cocona technology uses activated carbon to release moisture so you're fresh and odor-free
- EVAporative cooling technology keeps you cool and dry
- UPF 15+ provides UV protection against harmful radiation so you're safe in the sun
- Higher, fitted collar for a sleek and stylish look
- Semi-fitted
- adidas® logo on the left chest
- Fabric: 100% polyester
- Lifetime manufacturer's warranty against material and workmanship defects
- Style: D81686, D81685, D81684
- adidas
Country of Origin: ImportedWeb ID: 35222936


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hmmmm...spent years in the restaurant industry at Le Gavroche, & with Albert Roux... Now I make clothes from Bamboo..YES Bamboo!


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|How gentle does your Bosch, Electrolux or Sansung FL wash? I'm looking for a FL that will treat my clothes w/care and not be predisposed to stretching and balling. Actually tried the LG TL and even w/following the directions to a T I found that my clothes were more tangled and stretched than my old washer. So, I moving to a FL but what to get?!
I like a lot about the Electrolux (IQ Touch) but have read that you can run into problems with the touch door becoming "sticky" down the road - and I've read (here) that the IQ dryer can produce wrinkles b/c of the absence of the reverse tumble?
I think Bosch appliances have a solid reputation and love the simplicity of the machines (4.4cu ft 500 or 800series), and am sure they get the job done, but I'm not certain as to how gentle they are?
Samsung has had some good reviews and I'm certainly considering it (WF330 & WF407). To be honest I really don't like the look of their top-end product, too much shiny chrome for me (but that's just me:).
Love to hear how gentle you think your machine is. Thanks!
Follow-Up Postings:
|I have a Bosch Nexxt 500 and I love it. I don't know how it compares to other frontloaders, since this is my first, but it is considerably more gentle on clothes than my old toploader was.
|Over the years, I've strayed 2x (2 brief and regretted moments) from Miele. Both the Samsung and Electrolux seemed VERY hard on fabrics. Their wash fins/paddles in the drum have some hard edges & I noticed clothes looking rough and pilled quite quickly. I have never tried Bosch, but I remember their wash fins/paddles looking smoother than both Electrolux & Samsung. Miele, on the other hand has smooth, solid stainless steel fins/paddles. As far as I know, I do not know any other residential machine that uses smooth, stainelss fins/paddles like Miele.
- Posted by herring_maven (My Page) on Sun, Nov 14, 10 at 21:23
|Consider this. In a front-load washer, the "speed bumps" inside the drum that cause the clothes to ride up the sides before they fall back down to the water hit the clothes at low velocity. All they do is to keep the clothes from sliding backward before they can get to the position on the drum where they can fall. They are not the harsh source of accelerated wear.
In the water evacuation process, however, the spin cycle, the clothes get mashed against the drum. During that process, locally, some portion of the fabric of the clothes gets drawn through the perforations in the drum through which the water is being evacuated. The higher the spin speed, the more that is likely to happen. In getting pulled into the evacuation holes, some fibers break. Another way to say that is that the fabrics wear.
Two makers (perhaps others, but I am not aware of any others) have addressed that issue by shaping the surface of the drum to mash the clothes against smooth raised bumps in the drum, while reducing the diameter of the water drainage holes that are positioned in the valleys between the bumps. Those two makers are Miele, with its Honeycomb Drum, and Samsung, with its Diamond Drum.
|"Those two makers are Miele, with its Honeycomb Drum, and Samsung, with its Diamond Drum."
Yeah, that's why I was looking into Samsung. But Larsi has owned a Samsung and describes it hard on clothes. I really wouldn't be surprised with these new front loaders coming out in America that are designed to be stylish but don't have the same fabric care as Miele, who's had decades to figure it out.
|There are many people out there washing thier clothes in a FL other than Miele and do not complain about it being harsh on their clothes. I for am have items that I wear on a regular basis, been washed for years in my non Miele machine and they look brand new, no pillowing, pulls, snags, not even on my nice thick "Lenox" towels.
- Posted by herring_maven (My Page) on Tue, Nov 16, 10 at 1:25
|gates1, Yes, we have had only front loaders in our family over three generations since 1936, and, in common with your experience, one of the pleasures has been the gentleness on clothes.
That said, many of the newer models, across brands, have gone to much higher speed spin cycles than in earlier generations in order to reduce dryer time. It is that high speed spin cycle that (apparently) causes small points of fabric to be drawn through the water evacuation holes and thus to break fibers.
|That all makes sense, guess Im lucky. My 1200rmp machine has not pillowed anything I put in it, and I spin everything from Jeans to curtains at the highest speed.
- Posted by oldhousegal (My Page) on Thu, Nov 18, 10 at 12:09
|I have the Bosch Nexxt 500 series, and I love it. It is my first front loader, so it's way gentler than the old top loader. It's a simple machine, but does a really good job, and I save a ton on soap. I used a Meile in Europe and it seemed very gentle as well, but the Bosch wasn't as expensive when I made my choice.
It's funny though, since I've had mine for almost 5 years, I rarely feel the need to go clothes shopping anymore. So, maybe it's not such a good thing after all! LOL!
|How long do your machines run at the max run up speed? Mine only runs one minute at max speed... hardly enough to do serious damage. Most spins are 500-700rpm
- Posted by herring_maven (My Page) on Fri, Nov 19, 10 at 11:55
|fordtech, the issue is not the duration but the force. If someone shot you with a gun, the length of time the bullet took to pass through your body would be of less consequence to you than the initial shock of the bullet entering your body.
Our current washer (a mid-1990s Frigidaire, which is one of the Electrolux brands) probably maxes out at 250-300 rpm, if even that fast, in its fastest spin cycle, and is gentle on clothes; but Bosch claims that the top spin speed of its Axxis washers is 1000 rpm, and some of the newer models of other washer manufacturers are claimed to have spin speeds of 1300 rpm and up. That is nearly 22 full revolutions of the drum every SECOND. At such very high speeds, the clothes try to follow the water out through the holes in the drum, and if there is any fiber breakage one would expect it to occur in the first fractions of a second of the fiber being pulled through a small hole.
- Posted by suburbanmd (My Page) on Fri, Nov 19, 10 at 12:34
|Are you sure your washer spins that slow? My old Whirlpool-made agitator TL, circa 1999, spun at 640 RPM, and water extraction was ok but not great. Since the G force varies as the square of RPM's, assuming the same tub diameter, your washer at 300 RPM would have less than 1/4 the G force of my old Whirlpool (tub diameter is probably similar, if yours is a TL). Stuff must come out of there pretty wet.
- Posted by whirlpool_trainee (My Page) on Fri, Nov 19, 10 at 13:02
|Clothes pulled through the holes in the drum? Well, to some degree yes, but I never had anything (cotton, poly or blends) damaged despite the 1400 rpm spin on our Euro-sized washer. Gorenje, Asko and Miele offer Euro front loaders that spin at 2000 rpm.
Asko spinning
|Some of the asko FL european washers spin at 1600rmp. I dont hear of anyone complaning that they eat up clothes. Ive spin my clothes for the last 9 years at 1200rmp, and I am not walking around in fishnet clothes....go figure
My Fisher & Paykel toploader spins at 1010 RPM for a full 6 minutes. I've never noticed any clothing damage that could be attributed to spin speed.
- Posted by herring_maven (My Page) on Fri, Nov 19, 10 at 14:20
|suburbanmd asks, "Are you sure your washer spins that slow?"
No, I am not sure; so far as I know, the spin speed is not "officially" specified. I am simply guessing, based on eyeballing it and estimating somewhere around four to five revolutions per second.
"Since the G force varies as the square of RPM's, assuming the same tub diameter, your washer at 300 RPM would have less than 1/4 the G force of my old Whirlpool (tub diameter is probably similar, if yours is a TL)."
No, ours is a front-load washer.
"Stuff must come out of there pretty wet."
Not bad; no worse than our previous ca. 1972 Westinghouse front-loading washer or my mom's ca. 1936 Bendix front-loading washer.
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Red Sox Spring Training
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Boston Red Sox Torey Lovullo bench coach Jonny Gomes and manager John... Nieuwsfoto's 161709109American League,Apparatuur,Bank,Boston Red Sox,Coach,Directeur,Florida - Verenigde Staten,Gulf Coast States,Horizontaal,John Farrell - Honkbalmanager,Jonny Gomes,Sport,Verenigde StatenPhotographer Boston GlobeCollection: Boston Globe 2013 - The Boston GlobeFORT MYERS, FL - FEBRUARY 13: From left to right: Boston Red Sox Torey Lovullo, bench coach, Jonny Gomes, and manager John Farrell in the equipment room before taking the field. Day two of spring training at the Red Sox training facilities at JetBlue Park on Wednesday, Feb. 13, 2013. (Photo by Matthew J. Lee/The Boston Globe via Getty Images)