text:
NetDevil's most recent round of layoffs came as a complete surprise to its employees. After all, the company's most recent release, LEGO Universe, is well past that initial post-launch phase, having gone live back in October 2010, and both Jumpgate Evolution and Fortune Online are (at least supposedly) under development currently at the studio. There are jobs posted on the hiring page, as well.
However, it appears that the developer, owned by Gazillion Entertainment, is on shaky ground as of this morning, according to rumors. The truly horrible thing about this isn't that some developers were laid off -- it's how the affected employees found out. It appears that some of the NetDevil employees were notified that they were going to be laid off via Facebook postings before they were officially contacted by the company, according to a blog posting by Toby Cochran, who worked as a character/creature animator on LEGO Universe. Apparently an image showing a tombstone with the inscription "NetDevil R.I.P. Oct 1997-Feb 2011" started making the rounds on social networking sites shortly thereafter, indicating a far bleaker picture than just that of layoffs.
We've reached out to NetDevil and Gazillion Entertainment for comment on the rumors and what, if anything, it will mean for the development of Jumpgate Evolution and Fortune Online. We'll be sure to update this post as soon as we have further information. In the meantime, we hope that all the talented, hard-working NetDevil employees who were affected are able to land fabulous new well-paying spots elsewhere, continuing to do what they love.
[Update: We received the following statement from NetDevil: "The transition of members of our team to the LEGO Group allows us to conclude the work-for-hire segment of NetDevil's business and lets us expand our internally-published, free-to-play game businesses based on our own properties and licensed properties. Gazillion is wholly focused on developing, operating, and publishing the next generation of browser-delivered games," said David Brevik, President and COO. "We're proud of the LEGO Universe game that our team built, and we are certain that it has a bright future."]
Reader Comments (10)
Posted: Feb 24th 2011 10:13AM WonderPenguin said
You will never get to play Jumpgate Evolution
Posted: Feb 24th 2011 11:00AM Renko said
There's been rumours around of major Jumpgate Evolution staff lay offs for sometime. When the founder of NetDevil and creator of Jumpgate, Scott Brown left Gazillion last December there really was only one conclusion regarding the future of Jumpgate Evolution.
When you think they could have launched last year but decided to go back to the drawing board because they weren't happy with the game that kind of dedication alone deserved some reward, (when other companies still kick games out of the door in any old state) but sadly it appears not.
When you think they could have launched last year but decided to go back to the drawing board because they weren't happy with the game that kind of dedication alone deserved some reward, (when other companies still kick games out of the door in any old state) but sadly it appears not.
Posted: Feb 24th 2011 11:24AM Skyydragonn said
so I guess at this point its safe to say we wont ever see Jumpgate evolution release (unless we get another APB style savior?) and that all further development for LEGO universe will stop (as they're being left a very small art team only) well it was only so long befre Netdevil bought the farm After the fiasco of Auto Assualt, I knew it was coming eventually...sad news still
Posted: Feb 24th 2011 11:32AM Lobotomist said
Who ever thought Jumpgate Evolution will ever be released is crazy. They only kept it under pretense development, not to pay damages to Codemasters
Posted: Feb 24th 2011 12:49PM 10thDoctor said
Agreed. On all points. I have been hoping for JGE for some time now, however when you sign up for a beta in 2008, and 2011 comes around without any word, you know to finally walk away from the horse laying on the ground.
Posted: Feb 24th 2011 12:59PM Vegetta said
I Quit following JGE ages ago - didnt seem like they were doing anything...
Posted: Feb 24th 2011 1:51PM BubleFett said
I hope the Marvel Universe mmo development is not affected by this.
Posted: Feb 24th 2011 1:57PM Seldra said
My thoughts to the people that lost their jobs, hope they find new work soon.
Posted: Feb 24th 2011 2:01PM Taawa said
This is so sad. I hope the good people at Netdevil find new jobs. And I hope JGE gets sold to a good developer. Regarding Lego Universe, since Lego is the publisher, would they own the rights to the game and be able to seed it to a new developer?
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This invention relates generally to the production and use of inorganic-conditioning agent complexes for the controlled release of compounds including medicinals. Advantageously, the inorganic used is calcium sulfate and the conditioning agent is calcium stearate.
1. A matrix delivery system comprising:
a) calcium sulfate, and
b) a conditioning agent, wherein
said calcium sulfate of said matrix delivery system becomes a solid by hydration, and wherein
said conditioning agent is present in the range of 5-30% (w/w). based on calcium sulfate.
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a) a matrix containing calcium sulfate, calcium stearate, amikacin, and
b) amikacin sulfate.
22. A composition as in
a) a matrix containing calcium sulfate, calcium stearate, amikacin, and
b) amakacin pamoate.
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43. A composition comprising amikacin sulfate and amikacin pamoate.
44. A method of producing sustained release of a medicinal in a mammal comprising administering the system of
45. A method as in
46. A method of treating infection in a mammal comprising administering a composition comprising the system of
47. A method as in
48. A method of producing a delivery system comprising mixing (a) calcium sulfate, (b) a matrix biopolymer, and (c) a conditioning agent, wherein said conditioning agent is present in the range of 5-30% (w/w) based on calcium sulfate.
49. A method as in
50. A method of scaffolding bone or filling a defect in bone comprising administering to said bone the delivery system of
51. A method as in
52. A method for administering a delivery system comprising:
(a) mixing calcium sulfate, a conditioning agent in the range of 5-30% (w/w) based on calcium sulfate, and a medicinal to form a slurry;
b) administering said slurry to said mammal, wherein
said slurry solidifies after administration.
53. An antibiotic selected from the group consisting of amikacin pamoate, clindamycin pamoate and gentamicin pamoate.
54. A method of producing a delivery system comprising mixing:
a) an inorganic compound capable of undergoing hydration and/or crystallization, a conditioning agent and thrombin,
b) fibrinogen,
wherein mixing (a) and (b) converts fibrinogen to fibrin.
55. A system as in
This invention relates to the general area of drug-delivery systems that are based on resorbable matrices. Sustained and/or controlled release of medicinal agents and other bioactive substances are the primary uses of these systems.
Polymer matrices designed for controlled release of bioactive compounds can be non-resorbable or resorbable. In general, resorbable means degradable in the body by erosion from the surface or breakdown from within. The mechanism can involve either a chemical reaction, such as hydrolysis, or dissolution.
Non-resorbable polymers, such as polymethylmethacrylate, have been used for antibiotic delivery. These materials suffer from the disadvantage that they must be retrieved, which involves a second intervention and entails the risk of infection (HW Bucholz, et al., (1970) Chiburg, 43, 446).
Resorbable polymer matrices for controlled release are usually based on an oxygenated monomer, which is condensed in organic solvent to yield the polymeric product. The bioactive agent and the polymer are then combined in such a way as to give a timed-release formulation. The combination of active ingredient and polymer often involves organic solvents as well. The use of organic solvents is a decided disadvantage, especially when large-scale production is required. Toxic residues of organic solvents are a concern. Proteins and many polypeptides are incompatible with organic solvents.
The types of polymers in this category include:
(Burkersroda, F V and Goepferich, A M in Biomedical Materials, T Neenan, M Marcolongo and R F Valentini, eds. (1999), page 23, Materials Research Society, Warrendale Pa.).
Naturally occurring proteins may be used as structural components in drug-delivery matrices (Royer, U.S. Pat. No. 4,349,530; Royer, U.S. Pat. No. 5,783,214; Lee, Science (1981) 233-235). One deficiency of proteinaceous delivery matrices is that they can exhibit instability especially in environments where an inflammatory reaction is present such as a site of localized sepsis.
WO 99/15150 discloses a stable, yet practical composition for use in inflamed sites comprising an inorganic compound, a matrix polymer and/or a complexing agent. This composition has the advantage of being biocompatible but, unlike synthetic organic polymers, no non-aqueous solvents are required in the preparation. The drug is incorporated as a solid or as part of the matrix polymer solution. The material can also be used as a cement, that is, it can be injected directly into a lesion and allowed to solidify in situ.
It is an object of this invention to provide a safe resorbable delivery system that can be designed and fashioned to provide controlled release of bioactive substances over a pre-determined time-course.
It is an object of this invention to provide a delivery matrix which when installed as an injectable liquid can solidify in the presence of moisture.
It is an object of this invention to provide a delivery matrix with enhanced stability in acidic and neutral media.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a delivery matrix with improved molecular complexing agents.
The subject invention relates to a delivery matrix formed by mixing:
a. an inorganic compound capable of undergoing hydration and/or crystallization, plus,
b. a conditioning agent which improves stability, extends the residence time, and provides for control of the release profile, and optionally,
c. a matrix polymer, and/or
d. a complexing agent.
Mixing a bioactive agent with the above components results in a solid composition that is capable of providing sustained release of said agent over a predetermined time period.
A. Introduction
The inorganic compound-conditioning agent composites described herein are resorbable by dissolution. No acid is produced as opposed to hydrolytic erosion of polymer matrices such as polyesters.
The inorganic-conditioning agent composite described herein requires no organic solvent in matrix preparation or drug loading. No acid is produced on erosion so it is useful for orthopedic applications. The inclusion of the conditioning agent and advantageously the matrix polymer imparts control over the release profile of the active ingredient and distinguishes this material from unadulterated plaster of Paris which is rigid and safe but is otherwise lacking in performance (D Mackey, et al. (1982) Clin. Orthop. 167, 263; G W Bowler, et. al. (1994) J. Trauma, 36, 331). The matrix described in commonly-owned WO 99/15150 may also contain a complexing agent to retard the release of the active ingredient.
The matrix formulation of this invention contains improved hydrophobic complexing agents, e.g., pamoates, and conditioning agents which can serve as water repellants. Water repulsion of these matrices allows for set-up in an aqueous environment. In fact, when a conditioning agent is present, the matrix will solidify when totally submerged. This trait is important when the material is used in orthopedic or dental applications. Examples include filling of periodontal defects or treating an osteomyelitic lesion. Also, the lifetime in the environment, or the body, is extended. This extended residence time is important in the delivery profile. Multiple formulations with different residence times can be combined. The resultant release profile has a desirable form and resembles zero-order. When hydrophobic complexing agents and conditioning agents are used with hydrophobic medicinal agents, the release profiles can be controlled.
Entrapment of bioactive substances within the resorbable biocompatible matrix described herein yields a delivery system, which permits controlled and localized release of a bioactive agent. Inorganic compounds such as CaSO4�1/2 H2O (calcium sulfate hemihydrate) can be combined with a polymer in the presence of a bioactive agent to produce a solid which constitutes a biocompatible and resorbable delivery matrix (See WO 99/15150�the entire contents of which is incorporated by reference herein). The matrix polymer increases the internal viscosity of the device, which slows the efflux of the bioactive agent.
The production of and advantageous embodiment of the delivery system can be illustrated as follows:
When contacted with water, calcium sulfate hemihydrate is converted to the dihydrate, CaSO4�2 H2O, which crystallizes. The mass of needle-like crystals produces a porous matrix with high compressive strength, as much as 2000 psi or more. A conditioning agent such as calcium stearate is pre-mixed with the calcium sulfate hemihydrate. The slurry can be injected into the desired location with solidification in situ. This composition is ideal for dental and orthopedic applications. The fact that the slurry can set-up in the presence of moisture is very advantageous.
The delivery matrix is formed by mixing:
a. an inorganic compound capable of undergoing hydration and/or crystallization, plus
b. a conditioning agent, and optionally
c. a matrix polymer, and/or
d. a complexing agent.
The nature and amount of matrix polymer, the relative proportions of calcium sulfate hemihydrate and liquid, the complexing agent, and the nature and amount of the conditioning agent permit the adjustment of the release profile and residence time of the matrix.
The use of a conditioning agent such as calcium stearate provides improved stability and added control of the release profile and residence time. In addition, it imparts the desirable feature of moisture resistance, which preserves the shape of the mass while setting. When the composition containing calcium stearate is fully submerged after thorough blending, the mass remains intact and setting occurs. This attribute is very important as it allows the installation of the composition into moist areas such as a tooth socket or bone lesion. Water repulsion can also stabilize the solid dosage form with extension of residence time. Calcium stearate is included at a rate of up to 30% w/w, advantageously 2.5-20% ww, based on the amount of inorganic compound, e.g., calcium sulfate hemihydrate. Even higher levels of calcium stearate are obtainable depending on the nature and amounts of other components.
B. Production of Dosage Forms
A delivery matrix of the invention is produced by:
a. blending of an inorganic such as calcium sulfate hemihydrate and a conditioning agent such as calcium stearate, both in powder form,
b. mixing with matrix polymer solution (the drug may be dissolved or suspended in the polymer solution),
c. solidification in a mold or in bulk, and
d. unmolding or preparing of microbeads by milling and sizing.
The molds made of stainless steel or teflon can be used to prepare cylinders or spheres (e.g., both 3 mm in diameter). The preparation of wafers is also possible. Microbeads can in turn be compressed into tablets with various binding agents to yield another dosage form.
A representative formulation follows:
When the amount of calcium sulfate hemihydrate is set at about I g, the amount of bioactive substance is set in the range of 1-300 mg. The concentration of polymer can be up to 50% (w/v). The conditioning agent is present in the range of 5-30% (w/w) based on calcium sulfate. The ratio of liquid/solid is preferably 0.6.
The calcium sulfate hemihydrate can be sterilized by dry heat (140� for 4 hr); the polymer solution is sterilizable by filtration (0.2-micron filter). Terminal sterilization by gamma irradiation at 15-18 kGy is also effective.
A compilation of useful formulations is shown below in Table 1.
1. Inorganic Compounds
Calcium sulfate�1/2H2O (hemihydrate) (hh) is the preferred inorganic component. The hemihydrate takes up water and crystallizes as the higher hydrate. Unadulterated calcium sulfate matrix exhibits poor drug release profiles. With conditioning agents, and optionally matrix polymers and complexing agent-active agent complexes the release profiles are improved. Other inorganics can be employed such as calcium silicates, aluminates, hydroxides and/or phosphates (see pages 72, 95, 327 in Reference Book of Inorganic Chemistry (1951) Latimer, W. H., and Hildebrand, J. M., Macmillan, New York, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety).
2. Conditioning Agents
Conditioning agents are used to slow the erosion rate and permit solidification in the presence of moisture (repels water). All conditioning agents have a hydrophobic moiety. Calcium stearate is an advantageous choice for a conditioning agent that meets the criteria of safety and efficacy. Other calcium salts are useful in this regard. Examples include saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, corresponding phosphates, phosphonates, sulfates, sulfonates, and other compounds containing a hydrophobic moiety with a negatively charged anion. Salts of undecylenic acid are useful, in that they provide stability and also antifungal action. The use of calcium as the cation is advantageous but other cations will suffice; the group includes, but is not limited to, zinc, magnesium, aluminum and manganese. The generalized chemical structure can be illustrated as follows:
where R is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or aryl,
where X is a carboxylate, a carboxylic acid, an aromatic carboxylic acid, a corresponding phosphate, a phosphonate, a sulfate, or a sulfonate, and
where M is a metal ion such as calcium, zinc, magnesium, aluminum or manganese.
An example is calcium stearate, (CH3[CH2]16COO31 )2Ca2+
In this case R═CH3[CH2]16, X═COO−, and M is the metal ion Ca+.
Cationic conditioning agents can also be employed, i.e.,
where R=alky, alkenyl, alkynl or aryl,
where P=ammonium, or alkyl ammonium, and
where Y=sulfate or phosphate.
3. Matrix Polymers
The preferred matrix polymers for medical use are
biocompatible (non-toxic, non-allergenic, non-immunogenic)
water soluble
compatible with other components in the formulation
Examples of matrix polymers include chondroitin sulfate, dextran (1-50%) hyaluronic acid (e.g., 1-5%), dextran sulfate, pentosan polysulfate, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, proteins such as collagen (gelatin) and fibrinogen and polypeptides. In an advantageous embodiment, a crosslinking agent is added to the matrix polymer. The addition of the crosslinking agent causes a reaction which leads to a higher molecular weight matrix polymer which increases viscosity Diffiusion is thereby inhibited. See Royer U.S. Pat. No. 5,783,214 hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Counterions, are advantageously sodium or calcium. Chitosan as well as cationic polypeptides, polylysine, and polyarginine are examples of useful polymers that are positively charged at neutral pH.
The function of the matrix polymer is to control the viscosity, which is dependent on the nature, molecular weight and concentration of the polymer. The rationale for using polymers and polymeric complexing agents is based on Stokes law:
D=the diffusion coefficient
M=the molecular weight of the medicinal
v=the viscosity of the medium
4. Complexing Agents
To the extent that polymeric complexing agents increase the effective molecular weight of the active ingredient, the rate of efflux is slowed according to D ∝1/Mv. Complexing agents can be polymers or small molecules. The agents can form ionic bridges or hydrophobic bonds with the molecule to be delivered. The complexes involving the bioactive agents can range from sparingly soluble to soluble. Disodium pamoate is a good example of a complexing agent that forms sparingly soluble adducts with cationic bioactive ingredients. Disodium methylene disalicylate is a similar molecule to disodium pamoate that performs the same function. Procaine and benzathin can be used to reduce the solubility and rate of efflux of anionic bioactive agents. Additional complexing agents are presented in WO 99/15150.
C. Uses of the Compositions of the Invention
Medicinals (both non-protein drugs and medicinal proteins) useful with the matrices of the invention are presented in WO 99/15150. Therapeutics, antigens, adjuvants, and regulatory molecules such as hormones exemplify bioactive agents with medical applications.
The matrix prepared as described above can be combined with soluble bioactive agent and optionally a complexed bioactive agent, to provide an initial burst and intermediate control. As an example clindamycin-HCl free in solution, plus clindamycin-pamoate (as a sparingly soluble salt complex), plus clindamycin-pamoate encapsulated as above in the calcium sulfate-conditioning agent-polymer matrix comprise a three component system for delivery of clindamycin with a desirable release profile. This combination has been employed to provide an antibiotic depot in cats and dogs. Alternatively, a depot can be formed of the soluble drug and the complexed drug alone.
Another embodiment of the invention is a formulation containing a mixture of Drug calcium sulfate, Drug calcium sulfate-calcium stearate 2.5%, Drug calcium sulfate-calcium stearate 5.0% and Drug calcium sulfate-calcium stearate 10%.
Antibiotic formulations can be used to treat localized infections such as osteomyelitis, joint infections, and diabetic foot ulcers. Subsequent to surgical debridement (drainage), beads (e.g., 3 mm), microbeads, or cement is installed at the site of the infection. Infected screw channels in bones can be treated successfully using amikacin cement. Microbeads containing amikacin pamoate are effective in the treatment of joint sepsis. For dead space management following surgical repair of fractures, antibiotic cement can be used.
Another use of antibiotic matrix involves dentistry. Periapical abscesses can be treated with microbeads containing amikacin/clindamycin. Doxycycline cement can be administered by syringe to fill periodontal defects (See Example 16).
Antiparasitics such as ivermectin can be delivered using the delivery system of the invention.
Various anti-infectives useful in conjunction with the formulations of the invention include gentamicin, clarithromycin, doxycycline minocycline and lincomycin, amikacin, penicillin, cefazolin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, silver sulfadiazine, imipenem, piperacillin, nafcillin, cephalexin, cefoperazone, vancomycin, tobramycin, nystatin, and amphotericin B or salts thereof (e.g., pamoate salt). Forming the pamoate (a complexing agent) of these anti-infectives to form complexes such as amikacin pamoate, clindamycin and gentamicin pamoate, are useful alone or in the formulations of the invention.
Cis-platin, and other anti-neoplastic agents, can be delivered locally with beads (e.g., 3 mm) or with microbeads prepared as described herein. In one embodiment, localized administration is beneficial in that systemic toxicity is eliminated but concentrations in the area of cancerous tissue are high.
Vaccine antigens can be delivered with the system of the invention, for example, with microbeads (i.m. injection). With only a single injection, a contraceptive antigen (hCG/Dt) elicited long-lived antigenicity (36 weeks) which is sufficiently high to prevent pregnancy. The system of the invention can also be used to deliver DNA and RNA antigens.
The delivery system of the invention can also be used to deliver non-medical bioactive agents include sterilants, pheromones, herbicides, pesticides, insecticides, fungicides, algicides, growth regulators, antiparasitics, repellents, and nutrients. (See also WO 99/15150).
D. Production of the Matrix and Modes of Administration
Administration of the solid matrix can be by surgical implant, oral, i.p., i.a. or p.a. The liquid injection can be s.c., i.m, or i.p. Advantageously, the administration is done by parenteral injection.
a. Cement
1 g of calcium sulfate/calcium stearate (1-25% w/w) plus amikacin pamoate (100-320 mg) are thoroughly mixed and contacted with 0.6 ml of aqueous dextran sulfate (10% w/v). After blending to a smooth slurry (30s), the material is transferred to a 5 ml syringe and installed in vivo where it solidifies. Amikacin sulfate can be blended with amikacin pamoate to adjust the release profile. Presence of the calcium stearate allows for the solidification in the presence of moisture.
b. Beads/Cylinders
Sterile 3 mm beads can be installed individually with mosquito forceps or in groups using a cannula. A teat cannula is a safe tool for installation of beads and cylinders. This approach has been successfully used in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma via intralesional chemotherapy with 3 mm beads of the invention containing cis-Pt (7%).
c. Microbeads
Sterile microbeads (45-150 microns) (dry) are suspended in a suitable liquid for injection just prior to use. When antibiotics are involved, a solution of the antibiotic of choice may be used as the suspending liquid. For example, in treating a septic joint, amikacin solution (3 mil/25%) is used to suspend microbeads (300 mg) containing amikacin pamoate prepared as described in Example 4. An �initial burst� provided by the soluble amikacin sulfate is followed by the amikacin that elutes from the microbeads. A similar approach is appropriate for creating a subcutaneous depot of antibiotics and other active ingredients.
Microbeads are mixed with food or feed. The composition of the invention is tasteless and in some cases will mask the taste of a bioactive compound. In addition, the microbeads of the invention can be included in a capsule for oral delivery.
The following Examples are illustrative, but not limiting of the compositions and methods of the present invention. Other suitable modifications and adaptations of a variety of conditions and parameters normally encountered which are obvious to those skilled in the art are within the spirit and scope of this invention.
Disodium pamoate (865 mg) was dissolved in a minimum amount of water. Amikacin sulfate (782 mg), dissolved in a minimum amount of water, was added to the sodium pamoate solution and mixed thoroughly at room temperature. The precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with two portions (5 ml) of cold water. The material was dried in a vacuum dessicator for 48 hrs.
Yield: 70%. MP: 235-244� with decomposition.
Disodium Pamoate (216 mg) was dissolved in a minimum amount of water. Clindamycin-HCl (461 mg), dissolved in a minimum amount of water, was added to the sodium pamoate solution and mixed thoroughly at room temperature. The precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with two portions (5 ml) of cold water. The material was dried in a vacuum dessicator for 48 hrs.
Yield: 78%. MP: 189-194�.
Calcium sulfate and calcium stearate powders were thoroughly mixed in a weight ratio of 19/1. This mixture (1 g) was then blended with finely ground enrofloxacin (160 mg). To this solid mixture was added 0.6 ml of polyethyleneglycol solution (PEG-MW 8,000, 10% w/v). The slurry was mixed for one minute and then allowed to solidify in bulk or was injected into a teflon mold for the production of 3 mm beads.
To calcium sulfate (1 g) was added 0.16 g of amikacin pamoate which had been finely ground. The powders were thoroughly mixed and contacted with 0.6 ml of PEG-8000 (10% w/v). After mixing for about 1 min, the slurry was injected into a mold or allowed to solidify in bulk. An identical procedure is used with calcium sulfate hemihydrate containing 5% calcium stearate. Another variation which produces a convenient preparation is to add 10% (w/v) of polysorb 80 to the 10% PEG-8000.
This procedure was identical to Example 3 except that clindamycin pamoate (160 mg) was substituted for enrofloxacin.
Calcium sulfate and calcium stearate powders were thoroughly mixed in a weight ratio of 19/1. This mixture (0.8 g) was then blended with finely ground cefoperazone (200 mg). To this solid mixture was added 0.6 ml of polyethyleneglycol solution (PEG-MW 8,000, 10% w/v). The slurry was mixed for one minute and then allowed to solidify in bulk or was injected into a teflon mold for the production of 3 mm beads.
Four 3 mm beads were incubated in 400 μl of PBS, pH 7.4 at 37� C. The PBS buffer was changed at 24-hour intervals over a 4-day period and the samples were analyzed for eluted drug either spectrophotometrically or by microbiological assay. Representative results are shown below.
Cefoperazone microbeads were prepared as described in Example 6 (solidification in bulk). Milling and sieving the solid matrix produced the microbeads. Microbeads (100 mg) were incubated in 400 μl of PBS, pH 7.4 at 37� C. The PBS buffer was changed at 24-hour intervals over a 4-day period and the samples were analyzed for eluted drug either spectrophotometrically or by microbiological assay. Results are shown below.
A. Release of antibiotic from Cefoperazone microbeads.
B. Release of antibiotic Enrofloxacin microbeads (10% enrofloxacin, 5% calcium stearate, 10% PEG).
Ivermectin (Ivermectin M. I., 12th Edition, p. 5266, #5264) (110 mg) was finely ground and combined with calcium sulfate hemihydrate (890 mg) which contained 5% calcium stearate w/w. After thorough mixing, 0.6 ml of polyethyleneglycol solution (PEG-MW 8,000, 10% w/v) was added. After solidification, the product was allowed to stand for 24 hr, milled and sized (45-150 microns). The material was used to successfully deworm horses at a dosage of 200 mcg/kg, a.i.
The table below shows treatment of parasites in naturally infected horses�eggs per gram of feces as a function of time. EPG was determined at day 5, day 7, and day 14. Five animals were included in each group.
Five-year-old, TB gelding presented with a septic left rear hock joint, which resulted from a puncture wound. Lameness was grade 5�non-weight-bearing. Prior therapy included systemic treatment with penicillin and gentamicin without effect. The joint fluid showed elevated protein and WBC. Culture revealed S. Aureus. Following joint lavage, a suspension containing 300 mg of amikacin pamoate microbeads was injected through an 18-gauge needle. The horse showed rapid improvement and the joint fluid was found to be sterile at day three. At five days post treatment, the horse was sound.
A one-year old Connemara filly presented with osteomyelitis/joint sepsis in the right hind coffin joint. Three days of systemic treatment with ampicillin plus gentamycin produced no improvement. Following debridement, Ig of formulation (5% calcium stearate, described in Example 4) was injected in the lesion following lavage with lactated Ringer's solution. For injection the cement was loaded into a five-ml syringe after 30 s of mixing time.
Heat and swelling receded after two days. The horse was sound ten days post-treatment. Three months post-treatment, owners said the horse was 100% sound.
A three-year-old Arab filly presented with osteomyelitis of the talus with an accompanying septic tendon sheath. Prior treatment consisted of i.m. injections of penicillin for 5 days with no result. The osteomyelitic lesion was curetted; the tendon sheath was debrided and flushed. Five holes (3.2 mm�4 mm deep) were drilled in the talus. The holes were filled with the formulation of amikacin pamoate as described in Example 11. Effusion diminished and the horse became completely sound. Follow-up at 3 months and 11 months revealed that the horse successfully returned to intended use.
A mixed-breed dog (20 lb, age 5) was treated for a chronic respiratory infection with clindamycin pamoate. The formulation of clindamycin-pamoate was co-administered with unformulated clindamycin pamoate to provide a long-lasting depot. Finely ground clindamycin pamoate (100 mg) was mixed with the formulation of clindamycin pamoate (1.7 g, Example 5). The mixture was suspended in sterile water and injected, s.c., in two portions on either side of the neck. The animal was asymptotic after four days.
An English foxhound pup (10 lb) suffered from an infected bite on the right forelimb. Culture revealed a mixed infection with anaerobes. Unformulated clindamycin pamoate (150 mg) was suspended in sterile water and injected, s.c., in the scruff of the neck. The hound's temperature returned to normal on the third day post treatment. After 6 days without further treatment the hound's leg showed very little swelling and the lameness disappeared.
Disodium Pamoate (54 mg) was dissolved in a minimum amount of water. Doxycycline-HCI (120 mg), dissolved in minimum amount of water, was added to the sodium pamoate solution and mixed thoroughly at room temperature. The precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with two portions (5 ml) of cold water. The material was dried in a vacuum dessicator for 48 hors.
Yield: 85%. MP: 190-196�.
To calcium sulfate (1 g) was added 0.16 g of doxycycline pamoate which had been finely ground. The powders were thoroughly mixed and contacted with 0.6 ml of PEG-8000 (10% w/v). After mixing for about 1 min, the slurry was injected into a mold or allowed to solidify in bulk. An identical procedure is used with calcium sulfate hemihydrate containing 5% calcium stearate. Another variation which produces a convenient preparation is to add 10% (w/v) of Polysorb 80 to the 10% PEG-8000. As a cement, this formulation is useful in treating periodontal defects. In this case, the slurry is transferred to the barrel of a 5 ml syringe and installed through a 14 gauge needle with a blunt end.
Fibrinogen can be used as the matrix polymer when thrombin is included in the formulation-thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin which polymerizes. The amount of thrombin and fibrinogen can be adjusted to provide a gelation time that is longer than the setting time of the inorganic matrix. This sequence results in a matrix within a matrix.
Thrombin (1 mg) is mixed with 4.7 g of calcium sulfate/calcium stearate (19/1) to yield a stock (solid) solution. This solid is then diluted, as appropriate, to give 0.1 units of thrombin/gram of calcium sulfate/calcium stearate.
Erythropoietin (4.5 mg) is mixed with 1 g of calcium sulfate/calcium stearate/thrombin (0.1 units). To this solid is added 300 ul of a solution containing fibrinogen (6%) and serum albumin (5%). The fibrinogen/serum albumin solution is made with Hepes buffer (0.03M, pH 7.2). After 48 hrs the hard solid is milled and sized to 45-150 microns.
Similar preparations can be made with other bioactive polypeptide hormones, antigens, antibiotics, and other bioactive compounds.
One g of calcium sulfate/calcium stearate (19/1) is mixed with 160 mg of finely ground enrofloxacin. To this solid is added 300 ul of 3% serum albumin and 300 ul of glutaraldehyde solution (0.25%). Mixing for 30 s yields a smooth slurry which is poured into a tray; the material is allowed to dry for 48 hrs at room temperature. The hard solid is milled and sized to the range of 45-150 microns. A 3% solution of gelatin can be substituted for the serum albumin solution. Other useful matrix polymers include chitosan, bis-amino-PEG, polypeptides containing lysine, and other biocompatible polymers which contain electrophilic functional groups. Use of cross-linked matrix polymer is especially appropriate for preparing formulations for the long-term, continuous delivery of antigens.
It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous modifications and additions may be made to both the present invention, the disclosed device, and the related system without departing from the invention disclosed.
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fault [%PREMIUM_LINK%] (fôlt) Pronunciation Key
(click for larger image in new window)
A fracture in a rock formation along which there has been movement of the blocks of rock on either side of the plane of fracture. Faults are caused by plate-tectonic forces. See more at normal fault, reverse fault, strike-slip fault, thrust fault, transform fault. See Note at earthquake.
Our Living Language : Bedrock, the solid rock just below the soil, is often cracked along surfaces known as planes. Cracks can extend up to hundreds of kilometers in length. When tensional and compressional stresses cause rocks separated by a crack to move past each other, the crack is known as a fault. Faults can be horizontal, vertical, or oblique. The movement can occur in the sudden jerks known as earthquakes. Normal faults, or tensional faults, occur when the rocks above the fault plane move down relative to the rocks below it, pulling the rocks apart. Where there is compression and folding, such as in mountainous regions, the rocks above the plane move upward relative to the rocks below the plane; these are called reverse faults. Strike-slip faults occur when shearing stress causes rocks on either side of the crack to slide parallel to the fault plane between them. Transform faults are strike-slip faults in which the crack is part of a boundary between two tectonic plates. A well-known example is the San Andreas Fault in California. Geologists use sightings of displaced outcroppings to infer the presence of faults, and they study faults to learn the history of the forces that have acted on rocks.
Dictionary.com presents 366 FAQs, incorporating some of the frequently asked questions from the past with newer queries.


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Twitter, Twitter, Twitter! Are you tired of it yet?
Well, hold that thought for the moment.
This week's TIME cover story is all about Twitter. Read it here.
Managing Editor Richard Stengel sums up two trains of thought. He writes: "Some argue Twitter is a form of digital narcissism, the toy of the moment for an attention-deficit-disordered culture. But as Johnson (their cover story reporter) notes, the Twitter platform is ultimately about an accretion of tweets, the way hundreds of thousands of pixels form a detailed and complex digital image." He describes it as, "a prototype of a new kind of shared national experience: people talking to one another in real time about real events."
Which is it? "Digital narcissism" or "a new kind of shared national experience? You can exceed 140 characters.


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Hi: 13° Lo:7°
By IH Thursday 29 November 2012 Updated: 29/11 09:06
EX CATHEDRA return to Leamington once again for a Christmas Concerts by Candlelight concert on December 6.
The Midlands-based choir, which has been giving concerts annually in Warwick and Leamington for 20 years, will perform at Holy Trinity Church.
The programme will range from music of the 12th, 16th, and 17th , sixteenth centuries to two works written this year. There will also be familiar carols, together with less familiar ones from as afar afield as the Czech Republic and Africa, and also a series of readings.
Richard Phillips, of concert promoters Leamington Music , said: "This mix of music and readings in the special atmosphere that candlelight creates is very special.
A fascinating collection of readings have been chosen, which naturally includes the Bible but also has contributions from Jeanette Winterson, Kathleen Raine and Dickens."
Leamington Music is also putting on another Christmas concert on December 11 at St Mary's Church in Warwick.
Edward Higginbottom, who was brought up and educated in Leamington, will be bringing his world famous Choir from New College Oxford to the area for the first time.
Tickets for both concerts include mulled wine and mince pies and are available from the Bridge House Theatre box office via www.bridgehousetheatre.co.uk or by calling 01926 776438. They are also available in person tickets from the Visitors Information Centre at the Pump Rooms and for the Warwick concert at St Mary's Gift Shop and Tourist Information Centre.
2 Stephen Fry, Boy George, Gok Wan and more love Warwick Rowers
3 Foot fetish pervert jailed for library assault
4 Doctors urge people to get flu jab
SAINT James's Singers are joined by guest narrator
THE REVOLUTIONARY Drawing Room make their debut in
THE RSC continue with their tradition of winter
THE RSC's winter season in Stratford will continue
The Christmas Truce RST Stratford "THIS is bloody madness, this! ...
THE SHOEMAKER'S Holiday follows the fortunes of cobbler who ends ...
CHRISTMAS spirit returns to the Warwick Arts Centre for the ...
The Courteeners, Birmingham O2 Academy Thursday, November 20 TO CELEBRATE ...


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Samsung responds to GALAXY S 4 analyst reports
Samsung CEO JK Shin has spoke out in regards to a recent JPMorgan report. Said report, for those who may have missed that, suggested the GALAXY S 4 was falling short of sales expectations. In addition to the comments from the report, JPMorgan also cut the share price estimates by 9.5 percent and lowered the 2013 earnings estimates by 9 percent. Following the JPMorgan report, a similar report was posted by Morgan Stanley.


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Curious about this?
EVE Online is where they all went.
There is a story about that actually, you can find it – but its a walk down memory lane. It sure brought back memories to me!
>> Source <<
Curious about this?
EVE Online is where they all went.
There is a story about that actually, you can find it – but its a walk down memory lane. It sure brought back memories to me!
>> Source <<
So since we've seen the first batch of Qualifiers I guess most of you are now either sitting down all psyched up about the matches, some of the surprising setups or possibly with a big question mark on your face, since apparently CCP Soundwave is either on Hoth, in Africa or trying to liberate various cuddly cats from the claws of defeat.
In either case, for those following the Disco at the Undock during the pauses you'll of course know Read More…
Based largely on information from players in Goonswarm as well as Internal Metrics, CCP Developers closed a loophole in the Faction War System that allowed players to manipulate item cost, and based on that – reward themselves with an unintended amount of Faction Warfare Loyalty Points to be used in the Loyalty Point store.
Faction Warfare Loyalty Points were rewarded largely based on the cost of destroyed assets. By artificially increasing the cost of specific items and filling Freighters with these items to be destroyed in Faction Warfare systems, the cost of the items would stack up against the system. Since assets destroyed in flight has chance to drop as loot, the players would then pick up the remaining goods and iterate on that process untill all goods were destroyed; destroying the same overprized items again and again untill gone.
Market manipulation is possible in EVE Online because buy and sell orders are based on Player Interactions. By chosing to place buy orders and fill those buy orders in systems that are poorly populated, the players involved could trade items to their own alts, thus gaming the system into believing that the average price of the traded goods were in fact legit. Since the cost of items were based on a script run by CCP, it was just a matter of time before these very specific items were updated to having an exuberant cost.
While the exploit has been fixed, it was based on destroying assets and CCP developers are rolling back profit provided by the system.
Exploiting is against the EULA and players that were involved, while actually also providing information to CCP Developers are likely to have bans incurred on them because of the nature of the game rules.
The size of the exploit were said to increase wallets for involved players in the size of several years worth of gametime, amounting to thousands of Dollars. But noone has been accused of anything yet and due to the impending investigation, we're still awaiting the final verdict.
An alien escapepod broke the atmosphere at 2pm GMT today. Icelandic search and rescue teams retrieved the pod following an exercise in the close vicinity of the landing site and are eager to open the contents. The result of a hostile engagement between an undisclosed nation and the alien craft resulted in the escapepod being tagged with a GPS signal tracker and a camera recorder. Footage from the landing will be made available through Icelandic resources at a later time.
You can see follow the GPS signal from the escapepod >here<
2011 started for EVE Stratics! with a new Managing Editor (yours truly) stepping up. With the help of the TGN and Stratics team we created the new portal and started porting content over from the old platform to wordpress. A Lot of articles were initially pulled over, but we're still missing quite a bit and we'll work on getting the rest over in 2012.
The facelift was part of a sitewide change that aimed to bring the Stratics portals into an age where editing would take less time than typing the articles and it started right as the Arab Spring kicked off. Wow, what an amazing time to live in! To witness the changes across the world has been quite the experience, even as a spectator! This would later prove to transition into EVE Online, although possibly on a subconscious level.
At the end of January, TGN's YouTube channel for EVE Online went live and was quickly populated with content by Logan, another TGN Director. The plan was to bring in more content, more directors and more views quickly. This changed Read More…
Following a summer of leaks, rumours, player dismay and outright pitch-fork-riot-moments in the largest trade hub, Jita. Not to mention a hail of media fire towards the developers of EVE Online; CCP Games. The Winter expansion raises several interesting bars. Hope in the form of the public apology from the CEO and outright follow-up on the promises to refocus the efforts to get back on track and start to actually live up to player expectations.
[youtube HrrVDV_NsNo]
The title of the winter expansion leaves a testament of this self-proclaimed summer of failure, with symbolic ties to the Salem witch trials that took place in 1692-93. If it had not been for the global financial crisis that has also left a trail of layoffs in other entertainment sectors and not to mention other gaming companies, one could easily conclude that the company had been purged of their own misfits – while the fact is quite a different story… Read More…
POS or Player Owned Starbases have long been a staple of life in Eve Online. Their uses have ranged from being quickly dropped field bases for invading forces to be industrial complexes building the massive Titans and Supercarriers that now dominate Eve itself. Establishing a POS has never been an easy task, and if you wanted one to stay any length of time, this required a considerable amount of logistical support to both calculate and acquire the fuel to keep it running and doing its business.
That complicated system looks like it may become much, much simpler, at least for the end user.
As per Read More…
An unexpected move this morning meant that alot of forum regulars, as well as CCP Employees will be saying goodbye to some all too familiar faces in the all too near future.
CCP isn't the first Gaming Company to fold a few decks though, SOE also faced layoffs not too long ago while getting back to core business and this move from CCP Games is no different. Its a time of reconciliation for CCP as they've made great strides in once again getting on the same track as their playerbase in a time where player retention in a cooling economy is hard to come by.
Very few people have friends or families that haven't in some way been affected by the geared investements by large investement banks that lead to the finansial crisis that we're still suffering from and we're simply now seeing the aftermaths hit the MMO and entertainment business as well.
We at Stratics have nothing but positive experiences with CCP Games. We hope that the affected staff at CCP won't suffer for long, but rest assured – they all have our deepest sympathy in this most troublesome time.
Best of Luck
The Stratics Family
Following a discussion with some former corp members, some questions were raised about the validity of the available sources about the supercap nerf. Everyone was referring to the same source (which was either unconfirmed and thus useless or lacking any details). All were excellent points so I talked to a few from the Community Relations team around the end of september, and nudged the Lead Designer (Kristoffer Touborg) and it lead to a clarification of the allready availble sources and some new tidbits!
We had hoped to bring you a pre-blog interview, but unfortunately there was no response from CCP Manifest, which leads us to believe that Team BFF is simply too busy doing FiS.
Believe it or not, everything mentioned in the title is linked to one and another in what has been a very depressing week for EVE Online players.
Last Tuesday saw the release of the latest expansion, Incarna, and in its wake, outrage from most active forum users. Whilst the game [will] completely change EVE with its walking in stations and new adjustments to turrets, it hasn't been all good. Many paying customers have been faced with buying new hardware or unable to play the game at all as Incarna fries their computers. The problem is widespread and the Devs are still trying to fix it. It's also to be noted that Shader 2.0 support will be discontinued by April 5th. This will affect approximately 9000 customers, but CCP is trying to work a discount deal with a graphics card vendor so look out for this.
The walk-in stations are very much like that shown by CCP previous to its release. There's an all new agent finder, which does exactly what it says on the tin. You can also walk down the corridor to view your ship floating in all its awesomeness. Lastly, there's a locked door which will eventually lead to a multiplayer area which is still in construction. This in itself as lead to a genius idea of photoshopping in what you think is behind the door. For a good laugh, check it out here. The graphics itself is an improvement on what you typically expect from CCP and could be just a hint of what graphics they do want to implement. There's quite a long waiting time whilst you load the station so I've gone ahead and disabled the walk-in station. Even then, I'm faced with a static image of, "the door" instead of being able to spin my ship around for hours.
This new expansion also brought around an update to the turret system which is explained thoroughly and better than I could in this Dev Blog.
And while the artists were adding the additional locators to all the ships, the programmers upgraded the hi-slots so that a turret slot could now occupy any hi-slot. Locator pairs or triads on ships are numbered 1 through 8 (of course not all 8 are present on all ships, there just isn't enough room) and static, and now hi-slots correspond to them left-to-right, so slot 1 is where turret pair/triad 1a,1b,/1c would fit – which means, if you don't like the layout of the turrets, move it to another hi-slot and the turrets will shift their position on the ship. (Prior to this update, turrets used to fill the turret locators numerically regardless of which hi-slot you used.)
In the mist of all the new content in Incarna, there is also the NEX (Noble Exchange) store which allowed players to buy clothes for AUR – a new currency implemented in the latest expansion and will be used in DUST 514. Whilst vanity items may be interesting for some people, the price of them just caused outrage, especially the monocle. The monocle would set you back $65 for what is essentially a useless virtual, pixel item. No one else can even see it as no multiplayer is available. This can also be linked to a leaked CCP bulletin which can be found at EVE News which has CCP Soundwave talking about paid for items. Scarily enough, it seemed as if CCP was going to introduce more vanity items, and maybe even "instant win" items for real money. CCP Zulu made a blog post but failed to say there was no intention to introduce these items, only worsening the situation. I would personally quit the game if more microtransactions were introduced, especially if it gave them an advantage over me just because they paid real money for it. CCP Zulu has come out with a new blog trying to damp things down and apologise. The tl;dr of it was that they're inviting CSM to an urgent meeting in Iceland in just a few days time. I may not be a business expert, but surely they should be having meetings with CSM prior to things like this happening, especially as the success of CCP relies upon making the community happy.
That's it for this blog post. What do you personally think about NEX and the leaked article?


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M&S is dressed to thrill
M&S's Best of British collection, which celebrates (and supports) the creative melding of British design and manufacture, saw designers utilising riches from the M&S archives for AW14. »
Fashion has become very animated of late. Shrimps took us to Bedrock and back with a faux fur-fuelled take on The Flintstones; Tinkerbell sprinkled a dust of inspiration over Richard Nicoll and Anya Hindmarch joined forces with the Toon-tastic Disney, too, with the Mickey Mouse thumbs-up on her SS15 show invitation. Read more »
With dresses slit up to here at Emilia Wickstead, and underwear glimpsed under semi-sheer pieces everywhere, lingerie is clearly going to be key for spring. So it is timely that the BFC is showcasing lingerie and swimwear in the Designer Showrooms for the first time in four years. Read more »
4,170 tweets about the "Insects of Britain" at Burberry Prorsum.413 people on Twitter falling in love with Antonio Berardi's latest collection. Read more »
In its latest responsible fashion initiative, H&M introduces a new Conscious Denim capsule collection. Read more »
M&S's Best of British collection, which celebrates (and supports) the creative melding of British design and manufacture, saw designers utilising riches from the M&S archives for AW14. »
A recurring theme of LFW? Go down into dark basements and strike gold. Spaces have mainly been subterranean but they've all made for intriguing presentations. »
For me there's nothing worse than feeling overdressed and uncomfortable. What I wear in the day, I will also wear through to the evening – I don't make distinctions. I am drawn to anything sparkly or embellished, but I was a real tomboy when I was younger. »
"We wanted to elevate the shirt to something extraordinary," declares Levi Palmer, of Palmer//Harding. But, if you think about it, the shirt in its many guises, from starched white to City stripes, already holds a place in the modern wardrobe. »
God, fashion makes you feel old. It's not just the preternaturally young models wobbling on high heels, nor the fact that designers seem to be ageing backwards (Jonathan Anderson turns only 30 on Wednesday). »
The Daily's artist-in-residence this issue, Julie Verhoeven, challenges views of female identity past and present in her upcoming solo show, Whiskers Between My Legs. »
Interview by Francesca Peak Photography by Dominic Farlam Natalie Kingham, Buying Director, Matchesfashion. »
Preen by Thornton Bregazzi Against winter's hard-candy colours, a delicate palette with an ethereal touch is emerging. »
The impulse buyer is retail's Most Wanted, but while 40 per cent of UK and US purchases in store are unplanned, online is only half that. »
M&S's championing of local heroes to help create its Best of British collection (note the classic brogues here from Northampton), has led to its discovery of a new collaborator, a manufacturer in Hinckley, to create a selection of simple, modern jersey dresses in ink black and tomato red. »
There's been a lot of talk of "boyfriend" clothing over the past few seasons, but isn't it time that tailoring and a stiff-collared shirt is considered as integral to a woman's wardrobe as a skirt or dress, and described without relation to gender? »
Lovers of irresistible fashion should get ready for the work of Eddy Anemian, the 24-year-old French student who won the third H&M Design Award this year with his collection, They Can Cut All the Flowers, They Cannot Prevent Spring Coming. »
It's not often that a press hand-out chimes with a cultural shift in the wider world, but Richard Nicoll's show notes extolling the virtues of "embracing calm" and finding a "work-life balance" did just that. »
From Man Ray protégé to fashion force, photographer Guy Bourdin was a perfectionist provocateur. »
Beautifully realised fashion is all about the finer details, from the shape of a buttonhole to the topstitching on a decorative neckline. »
Today I'm featuring two special luminaries. Electroclash king Larry Tee, who helped launch RuPaul, Peaches and Scissor Sisters, first conceived label Tzuji as a range of stage costumes. »


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Kickstarter Message
TV Tropes is 149% Funded
Our Kickstarter campaign has received $74,000 from over 2,000 backers! TV Tropes 2.0 is coming. There is no stopping it now. We have 4 days left. At $75K we can also develop an API and at $100K the tropes web series will be produced. View the project here and discuss here.View Kickstarter Project
Total posts: [3]
The Astroturf Tech Thread:
1 Radical Taoist, Thu, 24th Feb '11 4:46:29 AM from the #GUniverse
scratching at .8, just hopin'Is it a troll or a bot? We may never know...
2 Barkey, Thu, 24th Feb '11 6:14:17 AM from Bunker 051 Relationship Status: [TOP SECRET]
War ProfiteerMeh, these things aren't really advanced enough to do much yet. It's part of why I never read the "Comments" section of anything. They can't compete in or take part in any sort of two-way communication. Just act as a choir of anonymous yes-men. Plus those web profiles don't stand up to anything more than cursory scrutiny.
The AR-15 is responsible for 95% of all deaths each year. The rest of the deaths are from obesity and drone strikes.
3 Glenn Magus Harvey, Fri, 25th Feb '11 5:35:03 PM from EDT (UTC -4)
Apart from their IP-address shenanigans, I can do all of that. I can even do them one better—I can create personas with distinct quirks. So basically, I just need to learn to use proxies, and I've got a troll's swiss army toolkit.
edited 25th Feb '11 5:35:36 PM by GlennMagusHarvey
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Home About ACHP ACHP Membership
ACHP Membership
Four members of the general public and four historic preservation experts are appointed by the President, including the chairman and vice chairman.
Chairman Milford Wayne Donaldson
In June 2010, Milford Wayne Donaldson, FAIA, LEED AP was appointed by President Barack Obama as Chairman of the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation.
Donaldson most recently served as the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) for the state of California from 2004 through 2012. The SHPO serves as Chief Administrative Officer of the Office of Historic Preservation in Sacramento and as Executive Secretary of the State Historical Resources Commission.
Before his appointment in 2004 by Gov. Schwarzenegger, he had a successful 26 year practice as a preservation architect and contractor in California, Arizona, and Nevada. He is a former Chair of the State Historical Building Safety Board, a past member of the State Historical Resources Commission and past-president of the California Preservation Foundation.
He is an architect of innovative design and has received several awards in preservation architecture including the California Council of the American Institute of Architects Award of Excellence and the Historic Preservation Award and the 1996 Preservationist of the Year Award by the California Preservation Foundation. He served as a member of the Preserve America Summit "Determining What's Important" committee.
Donaldson is a 1967 graduate of the California Polytechnic University, where he earned a Bachelor of Architecture. He received his Master of Science from the University of Strathclyde, Scotland and a Masters in Public History and Teaching from the University of San Diego.
He and his wife, Laurie, reside in Sacramento in a signature Dreyfuss & Blackford Architects 1963 mid-rise condominium. Their family includes one daughter, Erica Lynn Donaldson and two sons, Jaret Blankenship and Nevin Blankenship.
Vice Chairman
Terry Guen
Terry Guen, FASLA, is principal and founder of Chicago-based Terry Guen Design Associates, Inc. Through her dedicated practice, focused on creating aesthetic public landscapes, she has improved Chicago's quality of life through the rehabilitated design of the urban ecological environs. Guen's work is known for its creative, energetic, and thoughtful approach. She provides a complete range of services, from large scale master planning, urban ecological planning, landscape and urban design, site natural and cultural context analysis, public design process, contract documentation and specification, to field management of construction and detailed layout of sustainable plantings. She is a Fellow of the American Society of Landscape Architects and has won numerous awards and presented many lectures across the country. Guen received a B.A. in Chemistry from Bowdoin College and a Masters Degree in Landscape Architecture from the University of Pennsylvania.
Teresa Isabel Leger de Fernandez
Teresa Isabel Leger de Fernandez founded Leger Law & Strategy in Santa Fe, New Mexico to build on her 26 years of representing Native American sovereigns, socially conscious businesses, and communities in New Mexico and the Nation on issues as diverse as cultural preservation on the Grand Canyon, renewable energy negotiations and financing. She's successfully litigated major Voting Rights Act and other impact litigation cases in New Mexico and Arizona. She serves as General Counsel to several Indian tribes, including the Pueblos of Laguna, Santa Ana, and Santo Domingo. Previously, she clerked for the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. She is a member of the Historic Marker Selection Committee of the New Mexico International Women's Forum, is President of Homewise and a Commissioner of Las Acequias de Chupadero. Leger de Fernandez has served on the American Bar Association Commission on Women in the Profession, as Vice Chair of the Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund, and as Vice-Chair of the National Center for Genome Resources. President Clinton appointed her a White House Fellow in 1995/1996. She received a B.A. from Yale University and a J.D. from Stanford Law School.
Dorothy Lippert
Dorothy Lippert is currently a Case Officer in the Repatriation Office of the National Museum of Natural History at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. In her current position, she responds to repatriation requests from Indian tribes for human remains and sacred material. Following graduate school, she worked as the Education Coordinator for the John P. McGovern Hall of the Americas at the Houston Museum of Natural Science. She is Choctaw, currently serves on the Executive of the World Archaeological Congress, and is a past member of the Board of Directors for the Society for American Archaeology. Her research interests include the development of indigenous archaeology, repatriation, ethics and the archaeology and bioarchaeology of the southeastern United States. Lippert received her B.A. from Rice University and her M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin.
Lynne Sebastian
Robert G. Stanton
Robert Stanton was the 15th director of the National Park Service (NPS) from 1997-2001 and most recently served as Senior Advisor to the Secretary of the Interior. Stanton started his career in 1962 as a park ranger at Grand Teton National Park and rose to leadership of the NPS. He has been actively engaged with a number of national conservation organizations and initiatives, having co-founded the African American Experience Fund of the National Park Foundation. Stanton has been nationally recognized through numerous awards and citations for outstanding public service and leadership in conservation, historic preservation and youth programs, and has been awarded five honorary doctoral degrees. He has a B.S. from Huston-Tillotson University. Stanton is currently a visiting university lecturer and private consultant in national park administration, natural and cultural resource management and diversity in employment and public programs.
Stanton's previous interactions with the ACHP include serving on President Obama's transition team for the agency and participating in the joint ACHP-NPS-Journey Through Hallowed Ground Partnership initiative "Of the Student, By the Student, For the Student" service learning project at Harpers Ferry National Historical Park.
Bradford J. White
Evanston, Illinois (term of office 2014-2018) (General Public)
Bradford J. White is the Associate Director of the Alphawood Foundation, a Chicago-based private foundation working for a vibrant, resilient and creative arts sector; a safe, just and equitable society, and healthy and sustainable communities. He is the former Senior Vice President of Acquisitions and Development at The Habitat Company LLC. Prior to joining Habitat, Brad was Vice President of Related Midwest LLC, where he was responsible for the acquisition, financing and development of affordable and market-rate housing. He serves on the board of the Unity Temple Restoration Foundation and the Delta Institute, and is past chair of the Landmarks Preservation Council of Illinois (now known as Landmarks Illinois) and Preservation Action. Brad received a B.A. in economics from the University of Michigan and a J.D. from DePaul University.
Suquamish, Washington (term of office: 2012-2016)
Leonard Forsman has served as Tribal Chairman of the Suquamish Tribe since 2005. His passions include tribal education, cultural preservation, gaming policy, and habitat protection. He has served on Tribal Council for a total of 22 years and formally was the director of the Suquamish Museum. Forsman is a graduate of the University of Washington (B.A. Anthropology) and Goucher College (M.A. Historic Preservation). Forsman grew up in Suquamish on the Port Madison Indian Reservation and continues to live there with his wife Jana Rice. He regularly participates in cultural activities including Suquamish Song & Dance and the annual Canoe Journey.
He serves on the board of the Washington State Historical Society, the Suquamish Museum, the Suquamish Foundation, the Washington Indian Gaming Association, the Washington State Committee of Geographic Names, and the Tribal Leaders Congress on Education.
Mayor Michael B. Coleman
Michael B. Coleman was elected Mayor of Columbus, Ohio, in 1999 and was reelected in 2003, 2007, and 2011. As mayor, he has focused on rejuvenating downtown Columbus by initiating Neighborhood Pride, a proactive effort to engage residents and businesses to fix up thousands of homes and clean up their neighborhoods. Coleman also created the Affordable Housing Trust Corporation to provide more housing options to inner-city residents and led the restoration of the historic Lincoln Theatre and the landmark Lazarus Department Store building in downtown Columbus. He received his B.A. from the University of Cincinnati and his J.D. from the University of Dayton Law School.
Two federal agency heads and the Architect of the Capitol are permanent members of ACHP.Secretary of Agriculture (Hon. Tom Vilsack)
Secretary of the Interior (Hon. Sally Jewell)
Architect of the
Capitol (Hon. Stephen T. Ayers, FAIA, LEED AP)
Administrator, General Services Administration (Hon. Daniel M. Tangherlini)
Secretary of Defense (Hon. Chuck Hagel)
Secretary of Transportation (Hon. Anthony Foxx)
Secretary, Department of Homeland Security (Hon. Jeh Johnson)
Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Hon. Julián Castro)
Secretary, Department of Education (Hon. Arne Duncan)
Secretary, Department of Veterans Affairs (Hon. Robert McDonald)
Ex-officio representatives of national preservation organizations round out ACHP's membership.
Chair of the National Trust for Historic Preservation (Marita Rivero)
President of the National Conference of State
Historic Preservation Officers (Elizabeth Hughes)
Designated observers may actively participate in certain activities of the membership, but may not make or second any motion and may not vote.
General Chairman, National Association of Tribal Historic Preservation Officers (Janine Ledford)
Secretary, Department of Energy (Hon. Ernest Moniz)
Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency (Hon. Gina McCarthy)
Chair, Council on Environmental Quality (Mike Boots, Acting Chair)
Chair, National Alliance of Preservation Commissions (Esther Hall)
President, ACHP Alumni Foundation (Katherine Slick)
Updated on November 13, 2014


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Dalmatian Apartments Lovor Split4 Stars
Livanjska street 6 Split 20000
Centrally located in the heart of the city, Dalmatian Apartments Lovor is a kilometre from Bacvice Beach. Around the area, guests can watch performances at Croatian National Theatre or catch football games at Poljud Stadium.
The well-furnished rooms are equipped with modern amenities such as air conditioning, cable/satellite TV, equipped kitchen and private bathroom.
A restaurant is not available at Dalmatian Apartments but diners can prepare their meal from their own kitchen or they can venture to the restaurants in the vicinity to sample local and international dishes.
Dalmatian Apartments Lovor Split facilities include a lobby, reception and parking area. For leisure, patrons can admire the displays at the nearby Gallery of Fine Arts or marvel at the fascinating collections at Split Archaeological Museum and Museum of Croatian Archaeological Monuments.
Hotel Facilities
- Bar / Lounge
- Reception
- Lobby
- Parking Facilities
Room Facilities
- Air Conditioning
- Shower
- Cable / Satellite TV
- Kitchen
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Aileen Dougan 250 703 0018
This is a luxurious stand alone chalet that is drive to...ski in/ski out (snow conditions permitting) on Foster's Place, with a full cleaning service and all linen.
For stays under 4 nights there will be a cleaning charge of $200
Village Map showing location.
Availability Calendar
Booking special: Book before Dec19 for a 10% discount
Booking notes: For stays under 4 nights there will be a cleaning charge of $175
Complete and send this form to check availability for your desired stay. The reply will be from the owners/managers of the rental property. (*) indicates a required field.


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Joseph Mwangi • Yesterday, 11:56 AM• 4 Comments
Valuentum • Thu, Dec. 11• 5 Comments
SA News • Wed, Nov. 26• 3 Comments
SA News • Fri, Nov. 21• 3 Comments
Benjamin Clark • Tue, Nov. 18• 5 Comments
From other sites
at CNBC.com (Wed, 1:26PM)
at Nasdaq.com (Wed, 12:25PM)
at CNBC.com (Wed, 8:54AM)
at MarketWatch.com (Tue, 4:24PM)
at CNBC.com (Tue, 3:35PM)
at CNBC.com (Tue, 11:00AM)
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at Zacks.com (Thu, 6:09PM)
Visa Can Outperform MasterCard Again In 2015Joseph Mwangi • Yesterday, 11:56 AM • 4 Comments
- Visa shares have outperformed those of MasterCard in the current year, something that is quite rare.
- The sanction wars in Russia are largely to blame for MasterCard's woes due to its larger exposure to international markets compared to Visa.
- The outlook one year out seems to favor Visa over MasterCard which increases the likelihood that Visa shares will once again outperform those of its peer in 2015.
Dividend Growth Investment: Visa And MastercardDividend Venture • Thu, Dec. 11 • 24 Comments
Visa Garners A Very Attractive Economic Castle RatingValuentum • Thu, Dec. 11 • 5 Comments
- Visa's business model is one of the best out there.
- The company benefits from two competitive advantages: a network effect and costly initial investment.
- We assign the company a very attractive Economic Castle rating on the basis of its future expected economic returns.
- We value shares at approximately $290 each, offering investors continued upside.
Visa Improves Outlook For Next Fiscal YearAll Bases Covered • Tue, Dec. 2 • 5 Comments
- Visa saw an increase in the company's operational revenue for the quarter, which increased by 8.6 to $3.229 billion.
- Adjusted net income for the quarter amounted to $1.4 billion, translating into diluted earnings per share of $2.18.
- Visa has announced a share buyback program worth $5 billion.
- Visa is collaborating with Apple to design Apple Pay and enter into the mobile payment industry that could be worth $1 trillion by 2017.
Update: Visa Faces New Litigation From DiscoverColoradoWealthManagementFund • Mon, Dec. 1 • 2 Comments
- Discover has filed a suit against Visa on the grounds that Visa's policies are anti-competitive.
- Discover is suing for lost profits, while claiming that the strategy Visa used damaged merchants with higher fees.
- It appears that the cost to merchants has gone down while Visa had the policy in place, which undermines Discover's argument.
- This news indicates potentially increasing rivalry within the industry, which would make it less attractive under Porter's Five Forces.
- I expected the industry to remain less competitive, but Visa is up over 20% since I recommended the stock in early October.
ModernGraham Quarterly Valuation Of Visa Inc.Benjamin Clark • Tue, Nov. 18 • 5 Comments
- Visa is suitable for Enterprising Investors following the ModernGraham approach.
- According to the ModernGraham valuation model, the company is fairly valued at the present time.
- The market is implying a 15.02% earnings growth over the next 7-10 years, within a margin of safety relative to the rate the company has seen in recent years.
3 Reasons Why Visa Shares Could Hit $300 In The Next YearStock Market Sherpa • Fri, Nov. 7 • 6 Comments
- Visa shares have surged by 15% since the company announced quarterly results last week, increasing an already premium forward earnings multiple.
- However, the company's strong competitive position, debt-free balance sheet and near 17% annual expected future earnings growth are impressive.
- It appears that Visa shares are still undervalued, despite their recent gains, and could be trading at $300 by this time next year.
- The stock appears to be fairly valued on 2015 earnings estimates and earnings growth expectations.
- The dividend is tiny but does have a lot of room to grow.
- I'm going to pass on the name right now for my IRA because I already own it for my growth portfolio and I don't see anything special to double down.
- Visa surpassed earnings and revenue expectations for Q3.
- Visa has a number of favorable tailwinds which it should be able to leverage for the foreseeable future.
- I have owned Visa since 2012 for my dividend growth portfolio and have no intention of giving it up.
Visa's Rally Is Hurting The DowBill Maurer • Mon, Nov. 3 • 15 Comments
- Visa shares have spiked after earnings.
- Dow weights are becoming more unbalanced.
- Index is further losing credibility.
- Visa beat estimates on earnings for the latest quarter.
- Other payment processors should rise in sympathy.
- Existing networks will win the mobile payment wars.
- Chip and PIN has already been implemented by most processors and will reduce losses.
Visa: Encouraging Results And Solid GuidanceDiesel • Fri, Oct. 31 • 4 Comments
- Visa saw its revenues and profits grow at a faster than expected rate.
- There are signs of increased consumer spending as well as some signs of cautiousness.
- Visa achieved revenue growth without increasing its operating expenses.
- The company's guidance is pretty solid and the company's valuation is at comfortable levels.
- Adjusted EPS of $2.18 beat consensus forecast of $2.10.
- Revenue of $3.23 billion beat consensus forecast by $40 million.
- Shares traded up by 3.89% after earnings.
- The quarterly results support my bullish thesis.
Visa's Shares Are Surging After Hours Following Its Q4 Earnings BeatJoey Solitro • Wed, Oct. 29 • 5 Comments
- Q4 earnings were released after the market closed on October 29.
- Earnings and revenue results came in above expectations.
- Provided outlook on fiscal 2015 that satisfied expectations.
- Announced a new $5 billion share repurchase authorization.
- The stock has reacted by moving significantly higher.
Determining Visa's Fair ValueJonathan Weber • Tue, Oct. 28 • 5 Comments
- Over the last five years, Visa grew at a very high pace (EPS growth rate 22%); EPS growth estimate for the next five years is 17%.
- Visa's valuation is slightly lower than the valuation of its peer MasterCard.
- Based on two fair value approaches Visa seems to be trading below its fair value.
Earnings Preview: Visa Q4 2014Selerity Research • Fri, Oct. 24 • 2 Comments
- Visa, Inc. (V) is slated to report 4Q 2014 earnings after the bell on Wednesday, October 29th.
- Adjusted Earnings Per Share: The current Street estimate is $2.10 with a range of $2.02 to $2.36.
- Revenues: Analysts expect an increase of 5.0% y/y to $3.15 bln (range $3.05 bln to $3.22 bln).
Visa Appears Solid So FarStock Traders Daily • Tue, Oct. 21 • 2 Comments
- Visa has had solid EPS growth.
- The PEG ratio looks attractive.
- And the stock is increasing from support.
Will The Growing Popularity And Security Of Credit Cards Lead Visa And MasterCard To Beat Earnings?Joey Solitro • Fri, Oct. 17
- Visa is scheduled to release Q4 results on October 29.
- MasterCard is scheduled to release Q3 results on October 30.
- Analysts currently expect both to report substantial growth.
- Both stocks have fallen year-to-date.
- Visa controls about 40% - 45% of the world's credit card market.
- Earnings are rising at a high rate and the company is financially stable.
- It has durable competitive advantages which can propel the company over the next decade.
- Mobile payment system developments will ensure Visa maintains its market leader position in the future.
Visa's Mobile Payment Strategy; What Does This Mean For The InvestorsFNF Solutions • Tue, Oct. 7 • 2 Comments
- Visa has realized the need to enhance its mobile payment platform in order to retain its position as the global leader in the market.
- This year, Visa launched a new online payment service called Visa Checkout in order to facilitate online buying via any device that the customer might be using.
- This payment system allows for users to wave the card in front of a secure reader which allows for the payment to be made.
- However, changes of such magnitude do not come without their adverse impacts and Visa cannot ignore the possibility of a number of challenges that it will have to face.
- Visa is definitely doing well in terms of innovation and keeping up with its competitors.
My 10 Stocks For A Young Dividend Growth InvestorIntegrator • Tue, Dec. 23 • 25 Comments
The Real Values Of Dividend Growth InvestingAdam Aloisi • Mon, Dec. 22 • 92 Comments
4 Safe Large-Cap Dividend CompaniesColoradoWealthManagementFund • Fri, Dec. 19 • 9 Comments
It's New! It's Nifty! It's The Dividend Growth 50!Mike Nadel • Wed, Dec. 17 • 846 Comments
Graham's Stock Selection Criteria RevisitedDifu Wu • Tue, Dec. 16 • 12 Comments
Starting An Energy Baron Portfolio TodayEli Inkrot • Wed, Dec. 10 • 28 Comments
Recent Buy: The Walt Disney Co.Dividend Mantra • Fri, Dec. 5 • 113 Comments
Monitise: Is There Value?Paulo Santos • Tue, Dec. 2 • 57 Comments
Will Santa Bring A Change To The Dow?Bill Maurer • Tue, Dec. 2 • 2 Comments
Technological Disruption Will Wreck LifeLockUgly Duckling • Thu, Nov. 27 • 22 Comments
Will China Let Visa And MasterCard In?Daniel Jennings • Tue, Nov. 18 • 3 Comments
Q1 2014 Visa Inc Earnings Conference call (Webcast)Thu, Jan. 30
Visa Inc. Discusses Q4 2013 Results (Webcast)Oct. 30, 2013
Visa's CEO Hosts Investor Day Conference (Transcript)Jun. 7, 2013 • 1 Comment
Tue, Dec. 23, 7:11 PM
- The Dow Jones Industrials closed above 18,000 today for the first time ever, and one stock - Visa (NYSE:V), which contributed nearly twice the point gain of runner-up Goldman Sachs (NYSE:GS) - deserves by far the most credit for sparking the 1,000-point advance from 17,000 in July.
- Visa rallied 23% during the 120 trading days, meaning it contributed 313 points to the Dow's climb, with about half coming on a single day, Oct. 30, when the stock jumped 10% following better than expected quarterly results.
- Part of Visa's Dow dominance is due to its size in the price-weighted index; other companies that rose more than Visa since the Dow crossed 17,000 in July - such as Home Depot (NYSE:HD), which jumped 26% and boosted the Dow by 139 points - accounted for fewer points of the Dow's rise.
Wed, Nov. 26, 2:12 AM
- Discover (NYSE:DFS) is suing Visa (NYSE:V) over anti-competitive practices in its debit card business and is seeking compensation for lost profit.
- While Visa's debit cardholders typically use a signature to authorize transactions, Discover's Pulse Network uses a PIN.
- Discover is challenging a Visa rule that requires Visa signature debit card issuers to also include Visa's PIN services, which limits the competition of other PIN networks like Pulse.
Fri, Nov. 21, 2:20 PM
- Visa (V +0.7%) says it may have to pay as much as $10B to acquire Visa Europe if the financial institutions that own the company exercise their options.
- The buyout liability was previously disclosed by Visa as a potential "several billion or more" dollar hit.
- SEC Form 10-K
Tue, Nov. 18, 10:13 AM
- Northrop Grumman (NOC +0.6%) has received a $116M contract to provide upgrades and spares to the AN/AAQ-28(NYSE:V) LITENING targeting pods of the Air Force, Air Force Reserve, Air National Guard and Marine Corps.
- This award will bring all Air Force Block 1 pods to the G4 configuration, completing the service's transition to the latest version of the LITENING system.
Tue, Nov. 4, 6:34 PM
- Visa (NYSE:V) has landed a lucrative credit-card processing contract with Best Buy which begins next year, sources tell the WSJ.
- MasterCard is the current processor for the electronics giant.
- Best Buy tipped off a major account coup during its Q3 earnings call without naming names.
- Earnings call transcript
Fri, Oct. 31, 8:35 AM
- American Express (NYSE:AXP) looks set to escape the full force of the new measures, reports Bloomberg, as it would only have to comply with the fee caps when it works with other companies to issue cards.
- The proposal being circulated would cap interchange fees on cross-border debit-card payments at 0.2% and credit-cards at 0.3%. For domestic debit-card payments, the plan gives nations the options of calculating the 0.2% cap against the value of individual transactions, or against the "annual average transaction value."
- According to the proposal, AmEx and other three-party systems would be affected only when they have licensing agreements with other providers - a model accounting for about 9% of the firm's business, according to EU data.
Thu, Oct. 30, 12:35 PM| 1 Comment
Thu, Oct. 30, 3:30 AM
- Visa (NYSE:V) and MasterCard (NYSE:MA) welcomed Beijing's new plan to open up its market for clearing domestic bank card transactions, following the approval from China's State Council.
- The move marks the the latest step taken by China this year to open up its financial markets. In August, the Chinese cabinet said it was freeing up the domestic courier market, allowing companies such as FedEx and UPS to establish independent courier operations.
Wed, Oct. 29, 5:50 PM
- Visa (NYSE:V) is guiding for low-double digit FY15 (ends Sep. '15) constant dollar revenue growth, with forex having a 200 bps negative impact; consensus (based on real dollars) is for 10.2% growth. Free cash flow is expected to be above $6B.
- Op. margin is forecast to be in the mid-60s range; its was at 64% in FY14, and 61% in FY13. Client incentives are expected to equal 17.5%-18.5% of gross revenue, up from FY14 16.9%.
- FQ4 payments volume +11% Y/Y to $1.2T; cross-border volume +10%; processed transactions +9% to 16.9B.
- Service revenue +8% to $1.5B; data processing +14% to $1.3B; international +4% to $938M; everything else +16% to $212M.
- MasterCard (NYSE:MA) is getting a lift from Visa's numbers.
- FQ4 results, buyback, PR
Wed, Oct. 29, 4:39 PM
- Visa (NYSE:V) authorizes a new $5B buyback program.
- Previous: Visa's Q3 earnings
Wed, Oct. 29, 4:11 PM
- Visa (NYSE:V): FQ4 EPS of $2.18 beats by $0.08.
- Revenue of $3.23B (+8.8% Y/Y) beats by $40M.
- Shares +3.7%.
- Press Release
Wed, Oct. 22, 6:07 PM
- Visa Inc. (NYSE:V) declares $0.48/share quarterly dividend, 20% increase from prior dividend of $0.40.
- Forward yield 0.91%
- Payable Dec. 2; for shareholders of record Nov. 14; ex-div Nov. 12.
Thu, Oct. 2, 9:21 AM
- Sandler O'Neill downgrades both Visa (NYSE:V) and MasterCard (NYSE:MA) on a soured view of the growth prospects of the payments companies in relation to valuation.
- Visa is taken Hold from Buy, while MasterCard goes to Sell from Hold.
- MA -1.0% premarket and Visa -0.6%.
Thu, Sep. 18, 7:21 AM
- Visa (NYSE:V) has trimmed its stake in mobile banking concern Monitise (OTCPK:MONIF) down to 5.5% from 15% and is taking advice from bankers on what to do the remaining block of shares, reports Financial Times.
- Shares of Monitise have tumbled in London trading off the development.
Wed, Sep. 10, 6:39 AM
- Though Visa (NYSE:V) and MasterCard (NYSE:MA) are likely to only see a "modest" revenue boost as a result of their partnership with Apple's new payment system, the new service is an excellent defensive play against getting shut out of mobile payments, reasons Philip Van Doorn.
- Analysts think that if Apple Pay is successful it could reduce the odds of eBay or the Merchant Customer Exchange coming up with a truly disruptive payments system outside of the U.S. card network.
Tue, Sep. 9, 3:42 PM| 7 Comments
V vs. ETF Alternatives
Company Description
Visa Inc is a payments technology company that connects consumers, businesses, banks and governments in more than 200 countries and territories to fast, secure and reliable electronic payments.
Sector: Services
Industry: Business Services
Country: United States
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|New Century Version (NCV)
|New International Version (NIV)
|2 If so, make me very happy by having the same thoughts, sharing the same love, and having one mind and purpose.
|2 then make my joy complete by being like-minded, having the same love, being one in spirit and purpose.
|Scripture taken from the New Century Version. Copyright © 1987, 1988, 1991 by Thomas Nelson, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved. (New Century Version Online Bible)
|Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online)


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awesome ,clean with everything you need
This house was just awesome. It had everything we could possibly need in it.There were even safety vests for during hunting season.Extremely clean, well maintained and had all the necessities. We would highly recommend this house to our friends, as it was just a lovely atmosphere. We came here for a girl's quilting weekend and we will definitely return in the future.We loved it so much -we quilted a runner for our hosts. They were so attentive, friendly, and truly wanted our stay at their home away from home to be a great one! They were great and so is this house.