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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Measurements of the travel?time bias caused by internal waves
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
Theoretical work and computer simulations predict that the travel?time of acoustic signals is biased by the ocean internal wave field. The path integral theory for scattering predicts that the size of the travel time bias depends on the logarithm of the center frequency of the acoustic signal. A recent experiment
Matthew Dzieciuch; the AST Group
Traveling-wave photodetector
DOE Patents (OSTI)
The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically distributed traveling-wave photodetector are designed to achieve matched velocities between the light in the optical waveguide and electrical signal generated on the transmission line. This velocity synchronization provides the traveling-wave photodetector with a large electrical bandwidth and a high quantum efficiency, because of the effective extended volume for optical absorption. The traveling-wave photodetector also provides large power dissipation, because of its large physical size. 4 figures.
Hietala, V.M.; Vawter, G.A.
The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically distributed traveling-wave photodetector are designed to achieve matched velocities between the light in the optical waveguide and electrical signal generated on the transmission line. This velocity synchronization provides the traveling-wave photodetector with a large electrical bandwidth and a high quantum efficiency, because of the effective extended volume for optical absorption. The traveling-wave photodetector also provides large power dissipation, because of its large physical size.
Hietala, Vincent M. (Placitas, NM); Vawter, Gregory A. (Albuquerque, NM)
The Effect of the Interference of Traveling and Stationary Waves on Time Variations of the Large-Scale Circulation
It is hypothesized that the interference of stationary and traveling waves of the same longitudinal can cause some of the observed time variations in the large-scale circulation. To explore this hypothesis the eight-winter average structure of a ...
Roland A. Madden
Beam loading compensation of traveling wave linacs through the time dependence of the rf drive
SciTech Connect
Beam loading in traveling-wave linear accelerating structures leads to unacceptable spread of particle energies across an extended train of bunched particles due to beam-induced field and dispersion. Methods for modulating the rf power driving linacs are effective at reducing energy spread, but for general linacs do not have a clear analytic foundation. We report here methods for calculating how to modulate the rf drive in arbitrarily nonuniform traveling-wave linacs within the convective-transport (power-diffusion) model that results in no additional energy spread due to beam loading (but not dispersion). Varying group velocity, loss factor, and cell quality factor within a structure, and nonzero particle velocity, are handled.
Towne N.; Rose J.
Travelling waves in hybrid chemotaxis models
E-Print Network (OSTI)
Hybrid models of chemotaxis combine agent-based models of cells with partial differential equation models of extracellular chemical signals. In this paper, travelling wave properties of hybrid models of bacterial chemotaxis are investigated. Bacteria are modelled using an agent-based (individual-based) approach with internal dynamics describing signal transduction. In addition to the chemotactic behaviour of the bacteria, the individual-based model also includes cell proliferation and death. Cells consume the extracellular nutrient field (chemoattractant) which is modelled using a partial differential equation. Mesoscopic and macroscopic equations representing the behaviour of the hybrid model are derived and the existence of travelling wave solutions for these models is established. It is shown that cell proliferation is necessary for the existence of non-transient (stationary) travelling waves in hybrid models. Additionally, a numerical comparison between the wave speeds of the continuum models and the hybr...
Franz, Benjamin; Painter, Kevin J; Erban, Radek
Transmission line protection based on travelling waves
Major problem of tripping signal of a relay based on steady state component does not warranty faster tripping schemes for protection of extra high voltage transmission lines. Proposed work has made an attempt to find solution to the problem of fault ... Keywords: postfault voltage, relaying signals, surge impedence, transmission line protection, travelling waves
Anuradha S. Deshpande; Grishma S. Shah
This patent relates to means for ascertaining the instant of arrival of a shock wave in an exploslve charge and apparatus utilizing this means to coordinate the timing of two operations involving a short lnterval of time. A pair of spaced electrodes are inserted along the line of an explosive train with a voltage applied there-across which is insufficient to cause discharge. When it is desired to initiate operation of a device at the time the explosive shock wave reaches a particular point on the explosive line, the device having an inherent time delay, the electrodes are located ahead of the point such that the ionization of the area between the electrodes caused by the traveling explosive shock wave sends a signal to initiate operation of the device to cause it to operate at the proper time. The operated device may be photographic equipment consisting of an x-ray illuminating tube.
Tuck, J.L.
Stable operating regime for traveling wave devices
Autophase stability is provided for a traveling wave device (TWD) electron beam for amplifying an RF electromagnetic wave in walls defining a waveguide for said electromagnetic wave. An off-axis electron beam is generated at a selected energy and has an energy noise inherently arising from electron gun. The off-axis electron beam is introduced into the waveguide. The off-axis electron beam is introduced into the waveguide at a second radius. The waveguide structure is designed to obtain a selected detuning of the electron beam. The off-axis electron beam has a velocity and the second radius to place the electron beam at a selected distance from the walls defining the waveguide, wherein changes in a density of the electron beam due to the RF electromagnetic wave are independent of the energy of the electron beam to provide a concomitant stable operating regime relative to the energy noise.
Carlsten, Bruce E. (Los Alamos, NM)
Traveling Wave Thermoacoustic-Piezoelectric Energy Harvester: Theory and Experiment.
??This thesis presents a theoretical and experimental investigation of a piezoelec- tric energy harvester coupled to a traveling wave thermoacoustic engine (TWTAE). By simplifying the� (more)
Roshwalb, Andrew Zvi
On some essential peculiarities of the traveling wave reactor operation
On the basis of conditions for existence of nuclear burning wave in neutron-multiplicating media (U-Pu and Th-U cycles) we show the possibility of surmounting so-called dpa-parameter problem, or in other words, an algorithm of optimal nuclear burning wave mode is proposed yielding parameters of the wave (fluence/neutron flux, width and speed of nuclear burning wave) satisfying the dpa-condition, characterizing the tolerable level of radioactive stability of reactor materials, in particular the cladding materials. It is shown for the first time that capture and fission cross-sections of 238U and 239Pu increase with temperature within 1000-3000K range, that under certain conditions may lead to global loss of stability of nuclear burning wave. Some variants of possible stability loss due to so-called blow-up modes, or in other words, anomalous nuclear fuel temperature and neutron flow evolution are discussed and are found to possibly become a reason for trivial violation of internal safety of traveling wave reac...
Rusov, V D; Sharf, I V; Vaschenko, V M; Linnik, E P; Zelentsova, T N; Beglaryan, M E; Chernegenko, S A; Kosenko, S I; Molchinikolov, P A; Smolyar, V P; Grechan, E V
On the basis of conditions for existence of nuclear burning wave in neutron-multiplicating media (U-Pu and Th-U cycles) we show the possibility of surmounting so-called dpa-parameter problem, or in other words, an algorithm of optimal nuclear burning wave mode is proposed yielding parameters of the wave (fluence/neutron flux, width and speed of nuclear burning wave) satisfying the dpa-condition, characterizing the tolerable level of radioactive stability of reactor materials, in particular the cladding materials. It is shown for the first time that capture and fission cross-sections of 238U and 239Pu increase with temperature within 1000-3000K range, that under certain conditions may lead to global loss of stability of nuclear burning wave. Some variants of possible stability loss due to so-called blow-up modes, or in other words, anomalous nuclear fuel temperature and neutron flow evolution are discussed and are found to possibly become a reason for trivial violation of internal safety of traveling wave reactor.
V. D. Rusov; V. A. Tarasov; I. V. Sharf; V. M. Vaschenko; E. P. Linnik; T. N. Zelentsova; M. E. Beglaryan; S. A. Chernegenko; S. I. Kosenko; P. A. Molchinikolov; V. P. Smolyar; E. V. Grechan
Enabling time travel for the scholarly web
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Enabling time travel for the scholarly web Enabling time travel for the scholarly web Enabling time travel for the scholarly web An international team of information scientists has begun a study to investigate how web links in scientific and other academic articles fail to lead to the resources being referenced. July 16, 2013 Herbert Van de Sompel, a Los Alamos National Laboratory information scientist, describes the information pathway involved in preventing "reference rot" in scientific material linked to the web. Herbert Van de Sompel, a Los Alamos National Laboratory information scientist, describes the information pathway involved in preventing "reference rot" in scientific material linked to the web. Contact Nancy Ambrosiano Communications Office (505) 667-0471 Email "Increasingly, scientific papers contain links to web pages containing,
Neutron damage reduction in a traveling wave reactor
Traveling wave reactors are envisioned to run on depleted or natural uranium with no need for enrichment or reprocessing, and in a manner which requires little to no operator intervention. If feasible, this type of reactor has significant advantages over conventional nuclear power systems. However, a practical implementation of this concept is challenging as neutron irradiation levels many times greater than those in conventional reactors appear to be required for a fission wave to propagate. Radiation damage to the fuel and cladding materials presents a significant obstacle to a practical design. One possibility for reducing damage is to soften the neutron energy spectrum. Here we show that using a uranium oxide fuel form will allow a shift in the neutron spectrum that can result in at least a three fold decrease in dpa levels for fuel cladding and structural steels within the reactor compared with the dpa levels expected when using a uranium metal fuel. (authors)
Osborne, A. G.; Deinert, M. R. [Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Univ. of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX (United States)
Dendritic Actin Filament Nucleation Causes Traveling Waves and Patches
The polymerization of actin via branching at a cell membrane containing nucleation-promoting factors is simulated using a stochastic-growth methodology. The polymerized-actin distribution displays three types of behavior: a) traveling waves, b) moving patches, and c) random fluctuations. Increasing actin concentration causes a transition from patches to waves. The waves and patches move by a treadmilling mechanism which does not require myosin II. The effects of downregulation of key proteins on actin wave behavior are evaluated.
Anders E. Carlsson
Travel Time Estimation Using Floating Car Data
This report explores the use of machine learning techniques to accurately predict travel times in city streets and highways using floating car data (location information of user vehicles on a road network). The aim of this report is twofold, first we present a general architecture of solving this problem, then present and evaluate few techniques on real floating car data gathered over a month on a 5 Km highway in New Delhi.
Sevlian, Raffi
Traveling-wave device with mass flux suppression
A traveling-wave device is provided with the conventional moving pistons eliminated. Acoustic energy circulates in a direction through a fluid within a torus. A side branch may be connected to the torus for transferring acoustic energy into or out of the torus. A regenerator is located in the torus with a first heat exchanger located on a first side of the regenerator downstream of the regenerator relative to the direction of the circulating acoustic energy; and a second heat exchanger located on an upstream side of the regenerator. The improvement is a mass flux suppressor located in the torus to minimize time-averaged mass flux of the fluid. In one embodiment, the device further includes a thermal buffer column in the torus to thermally isolate the heat exchanger that is at the operating temperature of the device.
Swift, Gregory W. (Santa Fe, NM); Backhaus, Scott N. (Los Alamos, NM); Gardner, David L. (White Rock, NM)
Quantum mechanics of time travel through post-selected teleportation
This paper discusses the quantum mechanics of closed-timelike curves (CTCs) and of other potential methods for time travel. We analyze a specific proposal for such quantum time travel, the quantum description of CTCs based ...
Maccone, Lorenzo
Supplemental Guidance Regarding Compensatory Time Off for Travel |
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Supplemental Guidance Regarding Compensatory Time Off for Travel Supplemental Guidance Regarding Compensatory Time Off for Travel Supplemental Guidance Regarding Compensatory Time Off for Travel Questions and answers on issues that supplement the final regulations on compensatory time for travel issued by the Office of Personnel Management. In addition, a sample worksheet is attached to assist travelers in determining and documenting their travel time that may be credited for compensatory time for travel. This information will be incorporated in Appendix D of the DOE Handbook on Overtime when the handbook is updated. Supplemental Guidance Regarding Compensatory Time Off for Travel Responsible Contacts Bruce Murray HR Policy Advisor E-mail firstname.lastname@example.com Phone 202-586-3372 More Documents & Publications DOE Handbook on Overtime
Spent fuel utilization in a compact traveling wave reactor
In recent years, several innovative designs of nuclear reactors are proposed. One of them is Traveling Wave Reactor (TWR). The unique characteristic of a TWR is the capability of breeding its own fuel in the reactor. The reactor is fueled by mostly depleted, natural uranium or spent nuclear fuel and a small amount of enriched uranium to initiate the fission process. Later on in the core, the reactor gradually converts the non-fissile material into the fissile in a process like a traveling wave. In this work, a TWR with spent nuclear fuel blanket was studied. Several parameters such as reactivity coefficients, delayed neutron fraction, prompt neutron generation lifetime, and fission power, were analyzed. The discharge burnup composition was also analyzed. The calculation is performed by a continuous energy Monte Carlo code McCARD.
Hartanto, Donny; Kim, Yonghee [Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1 Kusong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701 (Korea, Republic of)
A Review and Discussion of the Literature on Travel Time and Money Expenditures
Expenditure of Time and Money on Travel. Transport RoadExpenditure of Time and Money on Travel. Transp. Research6 I.2.4.2. Travel Money Expenditure ����������������������..
Chen, Cynthia; Mokhtarian, Patricia
Maximal covering location problem (MCLP) with fuzzy travel times
This paper presents a fuzzy maximal covering location problem (FMCLP) in which travel time between any pair of nodes is considered to be a fuzzy variable. A fuzzy expected value maximization model is designed for such a problem. Moreover, a hybrid algorithm ... Keywords: Credibility theory, Facility location, Fuzzy travel times, Maximal covering location problem (MCLP), Simulation
Soheil Davari; Mohammad Hossein Fazel Zarandi; Ahmad Hemmati
Supplemental Guidance Regarding Compensatory Time Off for Travel
SUPPLEMENTAL GUIDANCE SUPPLEMENTAL GUIDANCE REGARDING COMPENSATORY TIME OFF FOR TRAVEL (Revised October 27, 2008) Following are questions and answers on issues that supplement the final regulations effective this date on compensatory time for travel issued by the Office of Personnel Management on April 17, 2007. In addition, a sample worksheet is attached to assist travelers in determining and documenting their travel time that may be credited for compensatory time for travel. This information will be incorporated in Appendix D of the DOE Handbook on Overtime when the handbook is updated. Q1. Who is eligible for this benefit? A1. All employees are eligible except the following: the Secretary, SESs, employees covered by other forms of overtime compensation, including law enforcement
Design of traveling wave windows for the PEP-II RF coupling network
The waveguide windows in the PEP-II RF coupling network have to withstand high power of 500 kW. Traveling wave windows have lower power dissipation than conventional self-matched windows, thus rendering the possibility of less stringent mechanical design. The traveling wave behavior is achieved by providing a reflecting iris on each side of the window, and depending on the configuration of the irises, traveling wave windows are characterized as inductive or capacitive types. A numerical design procedure using MAFIA has been developed for traveling wave windows. The relative advantages of inductive and capacitive windows are discussed. Furthermore, the issues of bandwidth and multipactoring are also addressed.
Kroll, N.M.; Ng, C.K.; Judkins, J.; Neubauer, M.
Three-cell traveling wave superconducting test structure
Use of a superconducting traveling wave accelerating (STWA) structure with a small phase advance per cell rather than a standing wave structure may provide a significant increase of the accelerating gradient in the ILC linac. For the same surface electric and magnetic fields the STWA achieves an accelerating gradient 1.2 larger than TESLA-like standing wave cavities. The STWA allows also longer acceleration cavities, reducing the number of gaps between them. However, the STWA structure requires a SC feedback waveguide to return the few hundreds of MW of circulating RF power from the structure output to the structure input. A test single-cell cavity with feedback was designed, manufactured and successfully tested demonstrating the possibility of a proper processing to achieve a high accelerating gradient. These results open way to take the next step of the TW SC cavity development: to build and test a travelingwave three-cell cavity with a feedback waveguide. The latest results of the single-cell cavity tests are discussed as well as the design of the test 3-cell TW cavity.
Avrakhov, Pavel; Kanareykin, Alexei; /Euclid Techlabs, Solon; Kazakov, Sergey; Solyak, Nikolay; Wu, Genfa; Yakovlev, Vyacheslav P.; /Fermilab
We have searched for evidence of significant shock acceleration of He ions of {approx}1-10 MeV amu{sup -1} in situ at 258 interplanetary traveling shock waves observed by the Wind spacecraft. We find that the probability of observing significant acceleration, and the particle intensity observed, depends strongly upon the shock speed and less strongly upon the shock compression ratio. For most of the 39 fast shocks with significant acceleration, the observed spectral index agrees with either that calculated from the shock compression ratio or with the spectral index of the upstream background, when the latter spectrum is harder, as expected from diffusive shock theory. In many events the spectra are observed to roll downward at higher energies, as expected from Ellison-Ramaty and from Lee shock-acceleration theories. The dearth of acceleration at {approx}85% of the shocks is explained by (1) a low shock speed, (2) a low shock compression ratio, and (3) a low value of the shock-normal angle with the magnetic field, which may cause the energy spectra that roll downward at energies below our observational threshold. Quasi-parallel shock waves are rarely able to produce measurable acceleration at 1 AU. The dependence of intensity on shock speed, seen here at local shocks, mirrors the dependence found previously for the peak intensities in large solar energetic-particle events upon speeds of the associated coronal mass ejections which drive the shocks.
Reames, Donald V., E-mail: email@example.com [Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 (United States)
Electronically controllable transmission line design for traveling wave array antenna feed network
In this thesis, an electronically controllable transmission line (ECTL) is presented. By modulating the conductivity of a doped Si modulator in the ECTL, the wave propagation constant in the ECTL is controlled. Measured results show a phase change in the ECTL at a single frequency when non-zero bias voltage is applied. This ECTL is implemented in order to feed a traveling wave array antenna, which is composed of 8 aperture-coupled microstrip antenna elements. It is demonstrated that phase change in an ECTL feed line has applications as a traveling wave array antenna with beam steering. S-parameter measurements are presented which demonstrate phase change in an ECTL and main beam steering of an 8-element traveling wave array antenna. The design procedure for an aperture-coupled microstrip antenna with a specific input impedance at the resonant frequency and a matching circuit design for a traveling wave array antenna are discussed in detail.
Shin, Chang-Seok
Energy Flux from Traveling Hurricanes to the Oceanic Internal Wave Field
The generation of long interval waves by traveling hurricanes on an f plane is studied within the context of linear theory. The emphasis of the present work is on the interval wave power, that is, the fraction of the energy input from the ...
Johan Nilsson
Middle Atmospheric Traveling Waves Forced by Latent and Convective Heating
The excitation and propagation of equatorial planetary waves and inertia-gravity waves were studied by comparing simulations from the comprehensive GFDL troposphere-stratosphere-mesosphere SKYHI general circulation model (GCM) and from a linear ...
Elisa Manzini; Kevin Hamilton
Equatorial Solitary Waves. Part 3: Westward-Traveling Modons
Boyd's previous work on equatorial Rossby solitary waves which derived the Korteweg-deVries equation using the method of multiple scales is here extended in several ways. First, the perturbation theory is carried, to the next highest order to (i) ...
John P. Boyd
Incident detection using the Standard Normal Deviate model and travel time information from probe vehicles
One application of travel time information explored in this thesis is freeway incident detection. It is vital to develop reliable methods for automatically detecting incidents to facilitate the quick response and removal of incidents before they cause breakdowns in traffic flow. The use of real-time travel time data to monitor freeway conditions has the advantages over conventional loop detectors of taking into account the dynamic, longitudinal nature of traffic flow and requiring data from only a portion of the traffic stream. This study employed the Standard Normal Deviate (SND) Model to test the feasibility of using travel time data to detect lane blocking incidents. The fundamental concept of the SND Model was based on the comparison of real-time travel time data to historical travel time data for given freeway segments during specified times. The travel time and incident reports used were collected through the Real-Time Traffic Information System (RTTIS) in the north freeway corridor of Houston, Texas using probe vehicles equipped with cellular telephones. The data were compiled on 39 freeway links from October 1991 through August 1992 on weekdays during morning and afternoon data collection periods. The results of incident detection tests, applying the SND Model to incident and travel time me data from the North Freeway, indicated high successful incident detection rates. However, high false alarm rates also resulted from the SND Model test applications. An optimum SND value of 2.0 was observed for the North Freeway test data. At this value the SND tests produced successful incident detection rates of 70 percent and higher during both the morning and afternoon periods. False alarm rates were also 70 percent. The best results were achieved on those freeway sections where the most incident and travel time data had been collected. The overall results of the incident detection tests on the North Freeway demonstrated that the SND Model was a feasible incident detection algorithm, but required an extensive historical travel time data base.
Mountain, Christopher Eugene
Construction and testing of an 11.4 GHz dielectric structure based travelling wave accelerator.
One major challenge in constructing a dielectric loaded traveling wave accelerator powered by an external rf power source is the difficulty in achieving efficient coupling. In this paper, we report that we have achieved high efficiency broadband coupling by using a combination of a tapered dielectric section and a carefully adjusted coupling slot. We are currently constructing an 11.4 GHz accelerator structure loaded with a permitivity=20 dielectric. Bench testing has demonstrated a coupling efficiency in excess of 95% with bandwidth of 600 MHz. The final setup will be tested at high power at SLAC using an X-band klystron rf source.
Gai, W.; Konecny, R.; Wong, T.; Zou, P.
The Dynamics of Household Travel Time Expenditures and Car Ownership Decisions
or more of the others (say, car usage as a function of carnumberof workers, explains car usage, but not car ownership;locations imply higher car usage in terms of travel times
Golob, Thomas F.
TTB or not TTB, that is the question: a review and analysis of the empirical literature on travel time (and money) budgets
for the Allocation of Time and Money. Unpublished Ph.D.Expenditure of Time and Money on Travel. Transportationin Travel Time and Money Expenditures. Transportation
Mokhtarian, Patricia L; Chen, C
The stability and the growth rate of the electron acoustic traveling wave under transverse perturbations in a magnetized quantum plasma
Theoretical and numerical studies are carried out for the stability of the electron acoustic waves under the transverse perturbation in a magnetized quantum plasma. The Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) equation of the electron-acoustic waves (EAWs) is given by using the reductive perturbation technique. The cut-off frequency is obtained by applying a transverse sinusoidal perturbation to the plane soliton solution of the ZK equation. The propagation velocity of solitary waves, the real cut-off frequency, as well as the growth rate of the higher order perturbation to the traveling solitary wave are obtained.
Gao Dongning; Wang Canglong; Yang Xue; Duan Wenshan [College of Physics and Electronic Engineering and Joint Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics of NWNU and IMP CAS, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070 (China) and Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Yang Lei [College of Physics and Electronic Engineering and Joint Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics of NWNU and IMP CAS, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070 (China) and Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Department of Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China)
Assessment of Smolt Condition for Travel Time Analysis, 1991-1992 Annual Report.
Regression techniques were used to determine the effects of several biotic and abiotic variables on the migration rates of juvenile spring chinook salmon and steelhead in the Columbia and Snake rivers. Comparisons of the effects of river flow and smoltification, assessed using gill Na{sup +}-K{sup +} ATPase activity, were of primary interest. Day of the year, water temperature, change in flow, condition factor, and fork length were also considered as independent variables. Groups of fish were sampled to assess smoltification 2-3 times per week during the spring outmigrations during 1989-1992. These groups were assumed to be representative of other fish which were PIT-tagged and released as a part of the Smolt Monitoring Program in the Columbia Basin. River flow, gill ATPase activity, condition factor, water temperature, and change in flow were significant variables in regressions predicting the time for juvenile spring chinook salmon to travel between specific points (travel time), whereas river flow was the only significant contributor to models describing travel times of steelhead. Predicted travel times of wild steelhead were shorter than those of hatchery steelhead. River flow was the only variable common to all regression equations. Based on the characteristic, changes in river flow would be the most logical means to decrease travel times of both juvenile spring chinook salmon and steelhead in the Columbia and Snake rivers.
Maule, Alec G.; Beeman, John W.; Schrock, Robin M. (Seattle National Fishery Research Center, Columbia River Field Station, Cook, WA)
Administration 400 Seventh Street, SW Washington, DC 20590-0003 August 2009 #12;#12;Technical Report 97207 Federal Highway Administration 400 Seventh Street SW Washington, DC 20590-0003 14. Sponsoring. The first algorithm matched transponders between of all vehicles in a time window between the upstream
Bertini, Robert L.
Using Travel Time Reliability Measures to Improve Regional Transportation Planning and URS Corporation
, connectivity, and safety to evaluate the transportation system's health and determine where future investmentsUsing Travel Time Reliability Measures to Improve Regional Transportation Planning and Operations of the Transportation Research Board January 1317, 2008 Revised November 3, 2007 TRB 2008 Annual Meeting CD-ROM Paper
Assessment of Smolt Condition for Travel Time Analysis, 1993-1994 Annual Report.
The assessment of smolt condition for travel time analysis (ASCTTA) project provided information on the level of smoltification in Columbia River hatchery and wild salmonid stocks to the Fish Passage Center (FPC), for the primary purpose of in-river management of flows.
Schrock, Robin M; Beeman, John W; VanderKooi, Scott P [US Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Columbia River Research Laboratory, Cook, WA
Using Social Networks for Exchanging Valuable Real Time Public Transport Information among Travellers
Public transport users are increasingly connected in real time through mobile devices to social networks, such as Twitter and Facebook. This allows them both to access and to provide valuable operational and emotional information from and to fellow travellers. ... Keywords: mobile, transport, social network, service science, innovation, business model, serious game
Antonio A. Nunes; Teresa Galvao; Joao Falcao e Cunha; Jeremy V. Pitt
Traveling-wave laser-produced-plasma energy source for photoionization laser pumping and lasers incorporating said
A traveling-wave, laser-produced-plasma, energy source used to obtain single-pass gain saturation of a photoionization pumped laser. A cylindrical lens is used to focus a pump laser beam to a long line on a target. Grooves are cut in the target to present a surface near normal to the incident beam and to reduce the area, and hence increase the intensity and efficiency, of plasma formation.
Sher, Mark H. (Los Altos, CA); Macklin, John J. (Stanford, CA); Harris, Stephen E. (Palo Alto, CA)
Mixed-domain performance model of the piezoelectric traveling-wave motor and the development of a two-sided device
In recognition of the growing consideration of piezoelectric traveling-wave motors as suitable replacements for small-scale electromagnetic motors, the present work addresses two parallel objectives: (1) to develop an ...
Glenn, Timothy Scott, 1971-
0.22 THz wideband sheet electron beam traveling wave tube amplifier: Cold test measurements and beam wave interaction analysis
In this paper, we describe micro-fabrication, RF measurements, and particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation modeling analysis of the 0.22 THz double-vane half period staggered traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA) circuit. The TWTA slow wave structure comprised of two sections separated by two sever ports loaded by loss material, with integrated broadband input/output couplers. The micro-metallic structures were fabricated using nano-CNC milling and diffusion bonded in a three layer process. The 3D optical microscopy and SEM analysis showed that the fabrication error was within 2-3 {mu}m and surface roughness was measured within 30-50 nm. The RF measurements were conducted with an Agilent PNA-X network analyzer employing WR5.1 T/R modules with a frequency range of 178-228 GHz. The in-band insertion loss (S{sub 21}) for both the short section and long section (separated by a sever) was measured as {approx}-5 dB while the return loss was generally around {approx}-15 dB or better. The measurements matched well with the S-matrix simulation analysis that predicted a 3 dB bandwidth of {approx}45 GHz with an operating frequency at 220 GHz. However, the measured S{sub 21} was {approx}3 dB less than the design values, and is attributed to surface roughness and alignment issues. The confirmation measurements were conducted over the full frequency band up to 270 GHz employing a backward wave oscillator (BWO) scalar network analyzer setup employing a BWO in the frequency range 190 GHz-270 GHz. PIC simulations were conducted for the realistic TWT output power performance analysis with incorporation of corner radius of 127 {mu}m, which is inevitably induced by nano-machining. Furthermore, the S{sub 21} value in both sections of the TWT structure was reduced to correspond to the measurements by using a degraded conductivity of 10% International Annealed Copper Standard. At 220 GHz, for an elliptic sheet electron beam of 20 kV and 0.25 A, the average output power of the tube was predicted to be reduced from 90 W (for ideal conductivity/design S-parameters) to 70 W (for the measured S-parameters/inferred conductivity) for an average input power of 50 mW. The gain of the tube remains reasonable: {approx}31.4 dB with an electronic efficiency of {approx}1.4%. The same analysis was also conducted for several frequencies between 190 GHz-260 GHz. This detailed realistic PIC analysis demonstrated that this nano-machined TWT circuit has slightly reduced S-parameters and output power from design, but within an acceptable range and still have promising output power, gain, and band width as required. Thus, we expect to meet the specifications of 1000 W-GHz for the darpa program goals.
Baig, Anisullah; Gamzina, Diana; Barchfeld, Robert; Domier, Calvin; Barnett, Larry R.; Luhmann, Neville C. Jr. [Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (United States)
Assessment of Smolt Condition for Travel Time Analysis, 1990 Annual Report.
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
As a part of the Northwest Power Planning Council`s Fish and Wildlife Program, the Fish Passage Center collects information on the migrational characteristics of juvenile salmon and steelhead (Oncorhynchus sp.) in the Columbia River basin. This information is collected through the Smolt Monitoring Program, and is used as a tool in the management and evaluation of the Water Budget. The Water Budget is a volume of water used to enhance environmental conditions (flows) to aid in the seaward migration of juvenile salmon and steelhead. Implicit in the Water Budget concept is that by augmenting flows, travel time of juvenile salmonids will be decreased, thereby increasing survival via reductions in delayed migration and exposure to predators. This study was initiated to (1) provide physiological information about the juvenile salmonids used for these travel time estimates, (2) to analyze the physiological data, and (3) to determine if an ``index`` of smolt condition could be developed to aid in management of the Water Budget.
Beeman, John W.; Rondorf, Dennis W.; Faler, Joyce C. (Seattle National Fishery Research Center, Columbia River Field Station, Cook, WA)
Assessment of Smolt Condition for Travel Time Analysis, 1989 Annual Report.
The Water Budget is a volume of water used to enhance environmental conditions (flows) in the Columbia and Snake rivers for juvenile salmonids during their seaward migration. To manage the Water Budget, the Fish Passage Center estimates travel times of juvenile salmonids in index reaches of the main-stem rivers, using information on river flows and the migrational characteristics of the juvenile salmonids. This study was initiated to provide physiological information on the juvenile salmonids used for these travel time estimates. The physiological ability to respond to stressors was evaluated by measuring concentrations of plasma cortisol, glucose, and chlorides before and after a 30-s handling-stress challenge test. The development of smoltification was assessed by measuring gill Na{sup +}--K{sup +} ATPase activity and plasma thyroxine concentrations. Prevalence of bacterial kidney disease in spring chinook salmon was generally higher than in 1988, ranging from 81--100{percent} using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Fish from Snake River hatcheries had more severe infections than those from mid-Columbia hatcheries. 42 refs., 19 figs., 4 tabs.
Particle acceleration by electrostatic waves traveling perpendicular to nonuniform magnetic fields
A novel method has been proposed for indefinite nonstochastic acceleration of particles by electrostatic waves propagating normal to a magnetic field. Use is made of a magnetic field inhomogeneity to prevent the particle from detrapping from the electrostatic wave. Numerical plots of particle trajectories are presented.
Rath, S.; Kaw, P.K.
Stability analysis of a two-stage tapered gyrotron traveling-wave tube amplifier with distributed losses
The two-stage tapered gyrotron traveling-wave tube (gyro-TWT) amplifier has achieved wide bandwidth in the millimeter wave range. However, possible oscillations in each stage limit this amplifier's operating beam current and thus its output power. To further enhance the amplifier's stability, distributed losses are applied to the interaction circuit of the two-stage tapered gyro-TWT. A self-consistent particle-tracing code is used for analyzing the beam-wave interactions. The stability analysis includes the effects of the wall losses and the length of each stage on the possible oscillations. Simulation results reveal that the distributed-loss method effectively stabilizes all the oscillations in the two stages. Under stable operating conditions, the device is predicted to produce a peak power of 60 kW with an efficiency of 29% and a saturated gain of 52 dB in the Ka-band. The 3-dB bandwidth is 5.7 GHz, which is approximately 16% of the center frequency.
Hung, C. L. [Department of Communication Engineering, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Penghu 880, Taiwan (China); Lian, Y. H.; Cheng, N. H. [Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Penghu 880, Taiwan (China); Yeh, Y. S. [Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710, Taiwan (China); Chang, T. H. [Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan (China)
Stochastic modeling and global warming trend extraction for ocean acoustic travel times. Interim technical report
A possible indication of the existence of global climate warming is a negative trend for the travel time of an acoustic pulse along a fixed long path, or paths, in the ocean over a period of many years. The goal of this report is the development of methods specifically for determining the presence of a long term trend for climate change from a temporal sequence of measurements of acoustic propagation times. Robust statistical methods for determining whether a significant trend is present in a given set of time series data have been developed and, for illustration, applied to some specific traveltime time series generated by the MASIG and GFDL ocean models. In this report we consider line + noise and ARIMA statistical models. We show that if the time series are long enough, somewhat over 20 years, then series such as those simulated by the MASIG and GFDL models can be classified reliably as line + noise when this is the case. However, it is shown that the results are considerably different for the two ocean models under consideration and that these models can not currently be relied upon by themselves to predict global warming. Experimental data is most certainly needed, not only to measure global warming itself, but to help improve the ocean model themselves.
Bottone, S.; Gray, H.L.; Woodward, W.A.
HUMAN BRAIN IMAGING AT 9.4 TESLA USING A COMBINATION OF TRAVELING WAVE EXCITATION WITH A 15-CHANNEL is a successful setup for routine human brain imaging at 7 Tesla. For reception, the use of multiple surface coils multichannel transmit coils. At 9.4 Tesla, however, the even shorter RF wavelength in tissue causes the B1
Acquisition, filtering and toll data processing system for obtaining origin-destination matrix and travel times on highways
This paper presents an acquisition, filtering and real-time toll data processing system that provides a base for resolution and generation of studies and models of behavior on highways. Crossing points estimation, speed calculation, study traffic flow, ... Keywords: origin-destination matrix, toll data processing, traffic management, travel time
Ram�n V. Cirilo Gimeno; Antonio Garc�a Celda; Pablo Mir G�mez
Traveling wave current drive theory for an arbitrary m-polar configuration
An extension of the formalism employed to describe current drive in magnetized plasmas by means of traveling magnetic fields (or double-helix configuration) is presented. In all previous theoretical studies, only driving fields with dipolar topology have been employed and the figure of merit of the current drive mechanism has never been analyzed in terms of the dissipation in the power feeding circuit. In this paper, we show how to express the model equations in terms of the current amplitude in the coils, for an arbitrary number of equally spaced coils wound around the plasma column. We present a brief review of the existing theory and a theoretical formulation, valid for an arbitrary m-polar helical symmetry, which removes the above mentioned complications and limitations. In the limit of straight coils, our magnetic field expression agrees exactly with well-established results of the literature for rotating magnetic field current drive. Finally, we present initial numerical results from a recently developed code which consistently compares the steady driven nonlinear Hall currents and steady fields, corresponding to different configurations in terms of the Ohmic dissipation in the helical coils and discuss future perspectives.
Duarte, V. N. [Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05508-090 Sao Paulo-SP (Brazil); Clemente, R. A. [Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas-SP (Brazil); Farengo, R. [Centro Atomico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, S. C. de Bariloche (8400), RN (Argentina)
P wave velocity variations in the Coso region, California, derived...
Open Energy Info (EERE)
P wave velocity variations in the Coso region, California, derived from local earthquake travel times Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal...
Juvenile Passage Program : A Plan for Estimating Smolt Travel Time and Survival in the Snake and Columbia Rivers.
A plan for developing a program to evaluate juvenile salmon passage is presented that encompasses the Snake (Lower Granite to McNary Dams), Mid-Columbia (Wells to McNary Dams), and Lower Columbia (McNary to Bonneville Dams) segments of the Snake/Columbia River system. This plan focuses on the use of PIT-tag technology to routinely estimate travel times and reach survival of outmigrating yearling and subyearling Chinook, sockeye, and steelhead during spring and summer months. The proposed program outlines tagging studies that could be implemented in (a) 1992, (b) near term (1993--94), and (c) long term (1995 to the next decade). The evolution of this program over time parallels plans to establish additional PIT-tag detector and slide-gate systems at Little Goose, Lower Monumental, McNary, John Day, and Bonneville Dams. The eventual ability to concurrently estimate travel time and survival of release groups will permit evaluation of travel time-survival-flow relationships and identify possible mortality {open_quotes}hot spots{close_quotes} for remediation.
Skalski, J.R.; Giorgi, Albert E.
Traveling Waves and Power Waves
... The first floor of this grand old structure houses the retail establishments. ... circuit simulators, which find it very upsetting when passive devices in the ...
Uncertainty and Sensitivity of Contaminant Travel Times from the Upgradient Nevada Test Site to the Yucca Mountain Area
Yucca Mountain (YM), Nevada, has been proposed by the U.S. Department of Energy as the nation�s first permanent geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and highlevel radioactive waste. In this study, the potential for groundwater advective pathways from underground nuclear testing areas on the Nevada Test Site (NTS) to intercept the subsurface of the proposed land withdrawal area for the repository is investigated. The timeframe for advective travel and its uncertainty for possible radionuclide movement along these flow pathways is estimated as a result of effective-porosity value uncertainty for the hydrogeologic units (HGUs) along the flow paths. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine the most influential HGUs on the advective radionuclide travel times from the NTS to the YM area. Groundwater pathways are obtained using the particle tracking package MODPATH and flow results from the Death Valley regional groundwater flow system (DVRFS) model developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Effectiveporosity values for HGUs along these pathways are one of several parameters that determine possible radionuclide travel times between the NTS and proposed YM withdrawal areas. Values and uncertainties of HGU porosities are quantified through evaluation of existing site effective-porosity data and expert professional judgment and are incorporated in the model through Monte Carlo simulations to estimate mean travel times and uncertainties. The simulations are based on two steady-state flow scenarios, the pre-pumping (the initial stress period of the DVRFS model), and the 1998 pumping (assuming steady-state conditions resulting from pumping in the last stress period of the DVRFS model) scenarios for the purpose of long-term prediction and monitoring. The pumping scenario accounts for groundwater withdrawal activities in the Amargosa Desert and other areas downgradient of YM. Considering each detonation in a clustered region around Pahute Mesa (in the NTS operational areas 18, 19, 20, and 30) under the water table as a particle, those particles from the saturated zone detonations were tracked forward using MODPATH to identify hydraulically downgradient groundwater discharge zones and to determine the particles from which detonations will intercept the proposed YM withdrawal area. Out of the 71 detonations in the saturated zone, the flowpaths from 23 of the 71 detonations will intercept the proposed YM withdrawal area under the pre-pumping scenario. For the 1998 pumping scenario, the flowpaths from 55 of the 71 detonations will intercept the proposed YM withdrawal area. Three different effective-porosity data sets compiled in support of regional models of groundwater flow and contaminant transport developed for the NTS and the proposed YM repository are used. The results illustrate that mean minimum travel time from underground nuclear testing areas on the NTS to the proposed YM repository area can vary from just over 700 to nearly 700,000 years, depending on the locations of the underground detonations, the pumping scenarios considered, and the effective-porosity value distributions used. Groundwater pumping scenarios are found to significantly impact minimum particle travel time from the NTS to the YM area by altering flowpath geometry. Pumping also attracts many more additional groundwater flowpaths from the NTS to the YM area. The sensitivity analysis further illustrates that for both the pre-pumping and 1998 pumping scenarios, the uncertainties in effective-porosity values for five of the 27 HGUs considered account for well over 90 percent of the effective-porosity-related travel time uncertainties for the flowpaths having the shortest mean travel times to YM.
J. Zhu; K. Pohlmann; J. Chapman; C. Russell; R.W.H. Carroll; D. Shafer
The invention relates to a pyrotron, i.e., magnetic mirror device, designed for continuous operation in producing a high-temperature fusion reaction plasma and for directly converting the plasma energy into electrical power. The device utilizes a system in which an axially symmetric magnetic field is produced and transports plasma through a first zone of progressively rising field intensity, a second reaction zone of slowly increasing intensity, and thenceforth through a third zone of progressively decreasing intensity wherein the plasma expands against the magnetic field thereby producing electrical current in magnetic field generating solenoids associated with said third zone. (AEC)
Post, R.F.
Discontinuous Galerkin Methods and Local Time Stepping for Wave Propagation
Locally refined meshes impose severe stability constraints on explicit time-stepping methods for the numerical simulation of time dependent wave phenomena. To overcome that stability restriction, local time-stepping methods are developed, which allow arbitrarily small time steps precisely where small elements in the mesh are located. When combined with a discontinuous Galerkin finite element discretization in space, which inherently leads to a diagonal mass matrix, the resulting numerical schemes are fully explicit. Starting from the classical Adams-Bashforth multi-step methods, local time stepping schemes of arbitrarily high accuracy are derived. Numerical experiments validate the theory and illustrate the usefulness of the proposed time integration schemes.
Grote, M. J.; Mitkova, T. [University of Basel, Rheinsprung 21, CH-4051 Basel (Switzerland)
Nonlinear Time-Reversal of Classical Waves: Experiment and Model
We consider time-reversal of electromagnetic waves in a closed, wave-chaotic system containing a discrete, passive, harmonic-generating nonlinearity. An experimental system is constructed as a time-reversal mirror, in which excitations generated by the nonlinearity are gathered, time-reversed, transmitted, and directed exclusively to the location of the nonlinearity. Here we show that such nonlinear objects can be purely passive (as opposed to the active nonlinearities used in previous work), and develop a high-rate secure communication system based on nonlinear time-reversal. A model of the experimental system is developed, using a star-graph network of transmission lines, with one of the lines terminated by a model diode. The model simulates time-reversal of linear and nonlinear signals, demonstrates features seen in the experimental system, and supports our interpretation of the experimental results.
Matthew Frazier; Biniyam Taddese; Bo Xiao; Thomas Antonsen; Edward Ott; Steven M. Anlage
Quantum theory and gravity from a space-time wave
The quantum properties and gravitational field of a particle system are derived from a quantum theory of space-time. A field with quantized space-time vibrations has the same properties and equations for a particle field in quantum theory. The statistical nature of quantum mechanics can be explained by assuming the amplitudes of space-time waves serve as additional variables of the theory. The difficulty of associating a physical meaning with the quantum wave due to the unobservable overall phase is resolved. Instead of attempting to derive the properties of space-time from a quantum theory, as is usually the case, the quantum properties of matter can be derived from a theory of space-time. The energy of a space-time wave must correspond to the rest mass of a real particle; the vibrations are thus quantized. It is also demonstrated that the geometrical structure derived from a quantized space-time vibration is equivalent to the gravitational field of a point mass in general relativity. The fundamental questions of why and how a point mass gives rise to its gravitational singularity and curved space-time geometry can thereby be explained.
Hou Yau
Travel Medicine
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Enhanced term of order $G^3$ in the light travel time: discussion for some solar system experiments
It is generally believed that knowing the light travel time up to the post-post-Minkowskian level (terms in $G^2$) is sufficient for modelling the most accurate experiments designed to test general relativity in a foreseeable future. However, we have recently brought a rigorous justification of the existence of an enhanced term of order $G^3$ which becomes larger than some first-order contributions like the gravitomagnetic effect due to the rotation of the Sun or the solar quadrupole moment for light rays almost grazing the solar surface. We show that this enhanced term must be taken into account in solar system experiments aiming to reach an accuracy less than $10^{-7}$ in measuring the post-Newtonian parameter $\\gamma$.
Pierre Teyssandier; Bernard Linet
Real-Time Quality Control of Wave Observations in the North Sea
The use of ocean wave data in new data assimilation techniques prompted the development of a real-time quality control system for wave height and wave period observations. Over the North Sea, a relatively large number of wave observations, as ...
Mar�a Paula Etala; Gerrit Burgers
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New method for determining the light travel time in static, spherically symmetric spacetimes. Calculation of the terms of order G^3
A new iterative method for calculating the travel time of a photon as a function of the spatial positions of the emitter and the receiver in the field of a static, spherically symmetric body is presented. The components of the metric are assumed to be expressible in power series in m/r, with m being half the Schwarzschild radius of the central body and r a radial coordinate. The procedure exclusively works for a light ray which may be described as a perturbation in powers of G of a Minkowskian null geodesic, with G being the Newtonian gravitational constant. It is shown that the expansion of the travel time of a photon along such a ray only involves elementary integrals whatever the order of approximation. An expansion of the impact parameter in power series of G is also obtained. The method is applied to explicitly calculate the perturbation expansions of the light travel time and the impact parameter up to the third order. The full expressions yielding the terms of order G^3 are new. The expression of the travel time confirms the exstence of a third-order enhanced term when the emitter and the receiver are in conjunction relative to the central body. This term is shown to be necessary for determining the post-Newtonian parameter $\\gamma$ at a level of accuracy of 10^-8 with light rays grazing the Sun.
Bernard Linet; Pierre Teyssandier
The stability of Killing-Cauchy horizons in colliding plane wave space-times
It is confirmed rigorously that the Killing-Cauchy horizons, which sometimes occur in space-times representing the collision and subsequent interaction of plane gravitational waves in a Minkowski background, are unstable with respect to bounded perturbations of the initial waves, at least for the case in which the initial waves have constant aligned polarizations.
J. B. Griffiths
Surfing: A robust form of wave pipelining using self-timed circuit techniques
This paper presents �surfing, � a novel variation of wave pipelining. In previous wave pipelined designs, timing uncertainty grows monotonically as data propagates through gates and other logic elements. Our designs propagate a timing pulse along with the data values, and our logic elements have delays that decrease in the presence of the pulse. This produces a �surfing � effect wherein events are bound in close proximity to the timing pulse. This produces a robust variant of wave-pipelining where timing dispersion is bounded regardless of the length of the pipeline. We demonstrate our approach with the design of a simple proof-of-concept chip. 1
Brian D. Winters; Mark R. Greenstreet
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Travel Award Program. What is the travel award? The CNST has a Cooperative Agreement with the University of Maryland Nanocenter. ...
Validation of the Space�Time Variability of African Easterly Waves Simulated by the CNRM GCM
The ability of the Centre National de Recherches M�t�orologiques (CNRM) general circulation model (GCM) to properly simulate the space�time variability of the African easterly waves (AEWs) has been examined over the period 1982�88. The relative ...
J. P. C�ron; J. F. Gu�r�my
Stability of a Two-Time-Level Semi-Implicit Integration Scheme for Gravity Wave Motion
A study is made of the computational stability of semi-implicit treatments of gravity wave motion suitable for use with two-time-level advection schemes. The analysis is for horizontally uniform reference values of temperature and surface ...
A. J. Simmons; C. Temperton
Localized energy estimates for wave equations on high dimensional Schwarzschild space-times
The localized energy estimate for the wave equation is known to be a fairly robust measure of dispersion. Recent analogs on the $(1+3)$-dimensional Schwarzschild space-time have played a key role in a number of subsequent results, including a proof of Price's law. In this article, we explore similar localized energy estimates for wave equations on $(1+n)$-dimensional hyperspherical Schwarzschild space-times.
Laul, Parul
The upper crustal P-wave velocity structure of Newberry volcano, Central Oregon.
?? The upper-crustal seismic-velocity structure of Newberry volcano, central Oregon, is imaged using P-wave travel time tomography. The inversion combines a densely-spaced seismic line collected� (more)
Beachly, Matthew William
The Upper Crustal P-wave Velocity Structure of Newberry Volcano, Central Oregon.
??The upper-crustal seismic-velocity structure of Newberry volcano, central Oregon, is imaged using P-wave travel time tomography. The inversion combines a densely-spaced seismic line collected in� (more)
Beachly, Matthew William, 1986-
Acoustical Measurement of Nonlinear Internal Waves Using the Inverted Echo Sounder
The performance of pressure sensor�equipped inverted echo sounders for monitoring nonlinear internal waves is examined. The inverted echo sounder measures the round-trip acoustic travel time from the sea floor to the sea surface and thus acquires ...
Qiang Li; David M. Farmer; Timothy F. Duda; Steve Ramp
Search for gravitational waves associated with the August 2006 timing glitch of the Vela pulsar
The physical mechanisms responsible for pulsar timing glitches are thought to excite quasinormal mode oscillations in their parent neutron star that couple to gravitational-wave emission. In August 2006, a timing glitch was observed in the radio emission of PSR B0833-45, the Vela pulsar. At the time of the glitch, the two colocated Hanford gravitational-wave detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave observatory (LIGO) were operational and taking data as part of the fifth LIGO science run (S5). We present the first direct search for the gravitational-wave emission associated with oscillations of the fundamental quadrupole mode excited by a pulsar timing glitch. No gravitational-wave detection candidate was found. We place Bayesian 90% confidence upper limits of 6.3x10{sup -21} to 1.4x10{sup -20} on the peak intrinsic strain amplitude of gravitational-wave ring-down signals, depending on which spherical harmonic mode is excited. The corresponding range of energy upper limits is 5.0x10{sup 44} to 1.3x10{sup 45} erg.
Abadie, J.; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Adhikari, R.; Ajith, P.; Anderson, S. B.; Araya, M.; Aso, Y.; Ballmer, S.; Betzwieser, J.; Billingsley, G.; Black, E.; Blackburn, J. K.; Bork, R.; Brooks, A. F.; Cannon, K. C.; Cardenas, L.; Cepeda, C.; Chalermsongsak, T.; Chatterji, S. [LIGO - California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 (United States)
A search for gravitational waves associated with the August 2006 timing glitch of the Vela pulsar
The physical mechanisms responsible for pulsar timing glitches are thought to excite quasi-normal mode oscillations in their parent neutron star that couple to gravitational wave emission. In August 2006, a timing glitch was observed in the radio emission of PSR B0833-45, the Vela pulsar. At the time of the glitch, the two co-located Hanford gravitational wave detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave observatory (LIGO) were operational and taking data as part of the fifth LIGO science run (S5). We present the first direct search for the gravitational wave emission associated with oscillations of the fundamental quadrupole mode excited by a pulsar timing glitch. No gravitational wave detection candidate was found. We place Bayesian 90% confidence upper limits of 6.3e-21 to 1.4e-20 on the peak intrinsic strain amplitude of gravitational wave ring-down signals, depending on which spherical harmonic mode is excited. The corresponding range of energy upper limits is 5.0e44 to 1.3e45 erg.
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration; J. Abadie; B. P. Abbott; R. Abbott; R. Adhikari; P. Ajith; B. Allen; G. Allen; E. Amador Ceron; R. S. Amin; S. B. Anderson; W. G. Anderson; M. A. Arain; M. Araya; Y. Aso; S. Aston; P. Aufmuth; C. Aulbert; S. Babak; P. Baker; S. Ballmer; D. Barker; B. Barr; P. Barriga; L. Barsotti; M. A. Barton; I. Bartos; R. Bassiri; M. Bastarrika; B. Behnke; M. Benacquista; M. F. Bennett; J. Betzwieser; P. T. Beyersdorf; I. A. Bilenko; G. Billingsley; R. Biswas; E. Black; J. K. Blackburn; L. Blackburn; D. Blair; B. Bland; O. Bock; T. P. Bodiya; R. Bondarescu; R. Bork; M. Born; S. Bose; P. R. Brady; V. B. Braginsky; J. E. Brau; J. Breyer; D. O. Bridges; M. Brinkmann; M. Britzger; A. F. Brooks; D. A. Brown; S. Buchner; A. Bullington; A. Buonanno; O. Burmeister; R. L. Byer; L. Cadonati; J. Cain; J. B. Camp; J. Cannizzo; K. C. Cannon; J. Cao; C. Capano; L. Cardenas; S. Caudill; M. Cavagli�; C. Cepeda; T. Chalermsongsak; E. Chalkley; P. Charlton; S. Chatterji; S. Chelkowski; Y. Chen; N. Christensen; S. S. Y. Chua; C. T. Y. Chung; D. Clark; J. Clark; J. H. Clayton; R. Conte; D. Cook; T. R. C. Corbitt; N. Cornish; D. Coward; D. C. Coyne; J. D. E. Creighton; T. D. Creighton; A. M. Cruise; R. M. Culter; A. Cumming; L. Cunningham; K. Dahl; S. L. Danilishin; K. Danzmann; B. Daudert; G. Davies; E. J. Daw; T. Dayanga; D. DeBra; J. Degallaix; V. Dergachev; R. DeSalvo; S. Dhurandhar; M. D�az; F. Donovan; K. L. Dooley; E. E. Doomes; R. W. P. Drever; J. Driggers; J. Dueck; I. Duke; J. -C. Dumas; M. Edgar; M. Edwards; A. Effler; P. Ehrens; T. Etzel; M. Evans; T. Evans; S. Fairhurst; Y. Faltas; Y. Fan; D. Fazi; H. Fehrmann; L. S. Finn; K. Flasch; S. Foley; C. Forrest; N. Fotopoulos; M. Frede; M. Frei; Z. Frei; A. Freise; R. Frey; T. T. Fricke; D. Friedrich; P. Fritschel; V. V. Frolov; P. Fulda; M. Fyffe; J. A. Garofoli; S. Ghosh; J. A. Giaime; S. Giampanis; K. D. Giardina; E. Goetz; L. M. Goggin; G. Gonz�lez; S. Go�ler; A. Grant; S. Gras; C. Gray; R. J. S. Greenhalgh; A. M. Gretarsson; R. Grosso; H. Grote; S. Grunewald; E. K. Gustafson; R. Gustafson; B. Hage; J. M. Hallam; D. Hammer; G. D. Hammond; C. Hanna; J. Hanson; J. Harms; G. M. Harry; I. W. Harry; E. D. Harstad; K. Haughian; K. Hayama; T. Hayler; J. Heefner; I. S. Heng; A. Heptonstall; M. Hewitson; S. Hild; E. Hirose; D. Hoak; K. A. Hodge; K. Holt; D. J. Hosken; J. Hough; E. Howell; D. Hoyland; B. Hughey; S. Husa; S. H. Huttner; D. R. Ingram; T. Isogai; A. Ivanov; W. W. Johnson; D. I. Jones; G. Jones; R. Jones; L. Ju; P. Kalmus; V. Kalogera; S. Kandhasamy; J. Kanner; E. Katsavounidis; K. Kawabe; S. Kawamura; F. Kawazoe; W. Kells; D. G. Keppel; A. Khalaidovski; F. Y. Khalili; R. Khan; E. Khazanov; H. Kim; P. J. King; J. S. Kissel; S. Klimenko; K. Kokeyama; V. Kondrashov; R. Kopparapu; S. Koranda; D. Kozak; V. Kringel; B. Krishnan; G. Kuehn; J. Kullman; R. Kumar; P. Kwee; P. K. Lam; M. Landry; M. Lang; B. Lantz; N. Lastzka; A. Lazzarini; P. Leaci; M. Lei; N. Leindecker; I. Leonor; H. Lin; P. E. Lindquist; T. B. Littenberg; N. A. Lockerbie; D. Lodhia; M. Lormand; P. Lu; M. Lubinski; A. Lucianetti; H. L�ck; A. Lundgren; B. Machenschalk; M. MacInnis; M. Mageswaran; K. Mailand; C. Mak; I. Mandel; V. Mandic; S. M�rka; Z. M�rka; A. Markosyan; J. Markowitz; E. Maros; I. W. Martin; R. M. Martin; J. N. Marx; K. Mason; F. Matichard; L. Matone; R. A. Matzner; N. Mavalvala; R. McCarthy; D. E. McClelland; S. C. McGuire; G. McIntyre; D. J. A. McKechan; M. Mehmet; A. Melatos; A. C. Melissinos; G. Mendell; D. F. Men�ndez; R. A. Mercer; L. Merrill; S. Meshkov; C. Messenger; M. S. Meyer; H. Miao; J. Miller; Y. Mino; S. Mitra; V. P. Mitrofanov; G. Mitselmakher; R. Mittleman; O. Miyakawa; B. Moe; S. D. Mohanty; S. R. P. Mohapatra; G. Moreno; K. Mors; K. Mossavi; C. MowLowry; G. Mueller; H. M�ller-Ebhardt; S. Mukherjee; A. Mullavey; J. Munch; P. G. Murray; T. Nash; R. Nawrodt; J. Nelson; G. Newton; E. Nishida; A. Nishizawa; J. O'Dell; B. O'Reilly; R. O'Shaughnessy; E. Ochsner; G. H. Ogin; R. Oldenburg; D. J. Ottaway; R. S. Ottens; H. Overmier; B. J. Owen; A. Page; Y. Pan; C. Pankow; M. A. Papa; P. Patel; D. Pathak; M. Pedraza; L. Pekowsky; S. Penn; C. Peralta; A. Perreca; M. Pickenpack; I. M. Pinto; M. Pitkin; H. J. Pletsch; M. V. Plissi; F. Postiglione; M. Principe; R. Prix; L. Prokhorov; O. Puncken; V. Quetschke; F. J. Raab; D. S. Rabeling; H. Radkins; P. Raffai; Z. Raics; M. Rakhmanov; V. Raymond; C. M. Reed; T. Reed; H. Rehbein; S. Reid; D. H. Reitze; R. Riesen; K. Riles; P. Roberts; N. A. Robertson; C. Robinson; E. L. Robinson; S. Roddy; C. R�ver; J. Rollins; J. D. Romano; J. H. Romie; S. Rowan; A. R�diger; K. Ryan; S. Sakata; L. Sammut; L. Sancho de la Jordana; V. Sandberg; V. Sannibale; L. Santamar�a; G. Santostasi; S. Saraf; P. Sarin; B. S. Sathyaprakash; S. Sato; M. Satterthwaite; P. R. Saulson; R. Savage; R. Schilling
Local decay of waves on asymptotically flat stationary space-times
In this article we study the pointwise decay properties of solutions to the wave equation on a class of stationary asymptotically flat backgrounds in three space dimensions. Under the assumption that uniform energy bounds and a weak form of local energy decay hold forward in time we establish a $t^{-3}$ local uniform decay rate for linear waves. This work was motivated by open problems concerning decay rates for linear waves on Schwarzschild and Kerr backgrounds, where such a decay rate has been conjectured by R. Price. Our results apply to both of these cases.
Tataru, Daniel
Daniel Tataru
electromagnetic wave travels through the rods along their axes it receives a 1/4 period of phase delay be- ... delay, creating positive interference that effectively
Nano-Hertz Gravitational Waves Searches with Interferometric Pulsar Timing Experiments
We estimate the sensitivity to nano-Hertz gravitational waves of pulsar timing experiments in which two highly-stable millisecond pulsars are tracked simultaneously with two neighboring radio telescopes that are referenced to the same time-keeping subsystem (i.e. "the clock"). By taking the difference of the two time-of-arrival residual data streams we can exactly cancel the clock noise in the combined data set, thereby enhancing the sensitivity to gravitational waves. We estimate that, in the band ($10^{-9} - 10^{-8}$) Hz, this "interferometric" pulsar timing technique can potentially improve the sensitivity to gravitational radiation by almost two orders of magnitude over that of single-telescopes. Interferometric pulsar timing experiments could be performed with neighboring pairs of antennas of the forthcoming large arraying projects.
Massimo Tinto
Fast Wave Polarization, Charge Horizons and the Time Evolution of Force-Free Magnetospheres
Numerical simulations of force-free, degenerate (ffde)pulsar and black hole magnetospheres are often based on 1-D characteristics. In particular, the plasma wave polarizations that can be propagated along the 1-D characteristics determine the time evolution of the entire system. There are two sets of characteristics,corresponding to the fast and Alfven modes. The fast wave is generally considered to be a transverse light wave, however recently it has been claimed that light-like fast waves can transport a longitudinal electric polarization, $E_{\\parallel}$, at the speed of light. The implication is quite profound if true, namely that the wrong information has been propagated along the fast characteristics in all previous simulations of force-free magnetospheres. It is shown in this Letter that the light-like fast waves must be transverse and previous simulations are valid. This result is demonstrated by means of a fundamental physical principle (associated with the fact that particles cannot flow faster than the speed of light), there exists a charge horizon in ffde magnetospheres. It is shown that the Alfven critical surfaces in a ffde magnetosphere are both charge and particle horizons, i.e. one way membranes that do not permit traversal by charges nor particles anti-directed to the bulk flow. Since the propagation of a discontinuous change in $E_{\\parallel}$ requires a physical surface charge on the wave-face, it is also a one-way membrane for longitudinally polarized waves. Besides justifying previous ffde simulations this result also invalidates previous claims that fast waves can radiate $E_{\\parallel}$ from the event horizon of a black hole.
Brian Punsly
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A Field-Deployable Real-Time Laser-Based Non-Intrusive Detection System for Measurement of True Travel Time on the Highway
A Real- Time Laser-Based Detection System for Measurement ofTime Laser- Based Prototype Detection System for MeasurementLaser-Based Non-Intrusive Detection System for Measurement
Cheng, Harry H.; Shaw, Ben; Palen, Joe; Wang, Zhaoqing; Chen, Bo
Local helioseismic and spectroscopic analyses of interactions between acoustic waves and a sunspot
Using a high cadence imaging spectropolarimetric observation of a sunspot and its surroundings in magnetically sensitive (FeI 6173 A) and insensitive (FeI 7090 A) upper photospheric absorption lines, we map the instantaneous wave phases and helioseismic travel times as a function of observation height and inclination of magnetic field to the vertical. We confirm the magnetic inclination angle dependent transmission of incident acoustic waves into upward propagating waves, and derive (1) proof that helioseismic travel times receive direction dependent contributions from such waves and hence cause errors in conventional flow inferences, (2) evidences for acoustic wave sources beneath the umbral photosphere, and (3) significant differences in travel times measured from the chosen magnetically sensitive and insensitive spectral lines.
Rajaguru, S P; Sankarasubramanian, K; Couvidat, S; 10.1088/2041-8205/721/2/L86
Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) are expected to emit a continuous gravitational wave signal in the pulsar timing array (PTA) frequency band (10{sup -9} to 10{sup -7} Hz). The development of data analysis techniques aimed at efficient detection and characterization of these signals is critical to the gravitational wave detection effort. In this paper, we leverage methods developed for LIGO continuous wave gravitational searches and explore the use of the F-statistic for such searches in pulsar timing data. Babak and Sesana have used this approach in the context of PTAs to show that one can resolve multiple SMBHB sources in the sky. Our work improves on several aspects of prior continuous wave search methods developed for PTA data analysis. The algorithm is implemented fully in the time domain, which naturally deals with the irregular sampling typical of PTA data and avoids spectral leakage problems associated with frequency domain methods. We take into account the fitting of the timing model and have generalized our approach to deal with both correlated and uncorrelated colored noise sources. We also develop an incoherent detection statistic that maximizes over all pulsar-dependent contributions to the likelihood. To test the effectiveness and sensitivity of our detection statistics, we perform a number of Monte Carlo simulations. We produce sensitivity curves for PTAs of various configurations and outline an implementation of a fully functional data analysis pipeline. Finally, we present a derivation of the likelihood maximized over the gravitational wave phases at the pulsar locations, which results in a vast reduction of the search parameter space.
Ellis, J. A.; Siemens, X.; Creighton, J. D. E. [Center for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211 (United States)
Initial Waves from Deformable Submarine Landslides: A Study on the Separation Time and Parameter Relationships
Earthquake and submarine mass failure are the most frequent causes of tsunami waves. While the process of the tsunami generation by earthquakes is reasonably well understood, the generation of tsunami waves during submarine mass failure is not. Estimates of the energy released during a tsunamigenic earthquake and respective tsunami wave draw a clear picture of the efficiency of the tsunami-generating process. However for submarine landslides, this is not as straightforward because the generation process has never been recorded in nature making energy inferences very difficult. Hence the efficiency of submarine landslide as tsunami generators is yet to be conclusively determined. As the result of this uncertainty, different equations, derived from experimental data or theory, result in leading-wave amplitude that vary over 6 orders of magnitude for the same initial slide conditions. To arrive at more robust estimates of the leading-wave characteristics and associated runup, the spatiotemporal dynamics of the coupling between the slide body and water column needs to be investigated. The duration the water surface deformation is coupled with the slide motion is an essential question to shed light on the energy transfer. A parametric study is conducted with the state of-the-art hydrocode iSALE in order to shed light on this complex geophysical event. The mass, viscosity, and depth of submergence are the particular slide parameters varied and their relationship to runup and decoupling time is analyzed.
O'Shay, Justin
Optical imaging through turbid media with a degenerate four-wave mixing correlation time gate
Optical imaging through turbid media is demonstrated using a degenerate four-wave mixing correlation time gate. An apparatus and method for detecting ballistic and/or snake light while rejecting unwanted diffusive light for imaging structures within highly scattering media are described. Degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) of a doubled YAG laser in rhodamine 590 is used to provide an ultrafast correlation time gate to discriminate against light that has undergone multiple scattering and therefore has lost memory of the structures within the scattering medium. Images have been obtained of a test cross-hair pattern through highly turbid suspensions of whole milk in water that are opaque to the naked eye, which demonstrates the utility of DFWM for imaging through turbid media. Use of DFWM as an ultrafast time gate for the detection of ballistic and/or snake light in optical mammography is discussed.
Sappey, Andrew D. (Golden, CO)
Statistical Evaluation of Travel Time Estimation Based on Data from Freeze-Branded Chinook Salmon on the Snake River, 1982-1990.
The purpose of this investigation is to assess the strengths and limitations of existing freeze brand recapture data in describing the migratory dynamics of juvenile salmonids in the mainstream, impounded sections of the Snake and Columbia Rivers. With the increased concern over the threatened status of spring and summer chinook salmon in the Snake River drainage, we used representative stocks for these races as our study populations. However, statistical considerations resultant from these analyses apply to other species and drainages as well. This report describes analyses we conducted using information derived from freeze-branded groups. We examined both index production groups released from hatcheries upstream from Lower Granite Dam (1982--1990) and freeze-branded groups used as controls in smolt transportation evaluations conducted by the National Marine Fisheries Service (1986, 1989). The scope of our analysis was limited to describing travel time estimates and derived relationships, as well as reach survival estimates through the mainstem Snake River from Lower Granite to McNary Dam.
Smith, Steven G.; Skalski, J.R.; Giorgi, Albert E.
Velocity and Timing of Multiple Spherically Converging Shock Waves in Liquid Deuterium
The fuel entropy and required drive energy for an inertial confinement fusion implosion are set by a sequence of shocks that must be precisely timed to achieve ignition. This Letter reports measurements of multiple spherical shock waves in liquid deuterium that facilitate timing inertial confinement fusion shocks to the required precision. These experiments produced the highest shock velocity observed in liquid deuterium (U{sub s}=135 km/s at {approx}2500 GPa) and also the first observation of convergence effects on the shock velocity. Simulations model the shock-timing results well when a nonlocal transport model is used in the coronal plasma.
Boehly, T. R.; Goncharov, V. N.; Seka, W.; Hu, S. X.; Marozas, J. A. [Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299 (United States); Barrios, M. A.; Celliers, P. M.; Hicks, D. G.; Collins, G. W. [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551 (United States); Meyerhofer, D. D. [Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299 (United States); Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623 (United States)
Development and Testing of Field-Deployable Real-Time Laser-Based Non-Intrusive Detection System for Measurement of True Travel Time on the Highway
Laser-Based Non-Intrusive Detection System for MeasurementLaser-Based Non-Intrusive Detection System for Measurementsystems are entirely dependent on time-of-?ight laser measurements
X-Ray Preheating of Window Materials in Direct-Drive Shock-Wave Timing Experiments
The optical properties of x-ray preheated planar-window materials relevant for shock-wave timing experiments were studied on the OMEGA Laser System. The behavior of diamond windows exposed to x rays is consistent with a simple model based on the generation of free charge carriers. Polystyrene windows showed indications of optical transitions due to molecular states that are created by the ionizing radiation.
Theobald, W.; Miller, J. E.; Boehly, T.R.; Vianello, E, Meyerhofer, D.D.; Sangster, T.C.; Eggert, J.; Celliers, P.M.
The C-metric as a colliding plane wave space-time
It is explicitly shown that part of the C-metric space-time inside the black hole horizon may be interpreted as the interaction region of two colliding plane waves with aligned linear polarization, provided the rotational coordinate is replaced by a linear one. This is a one-parameter generalization of the degenerate Ferrari-Ibanez solution in which the focussing singularity is a Cauchy horizon rather than a curvature singularity.
J. B. Griffiths; R. G. Halburd
Traveling-wave tubes and backward-wave oscillators with weak external magnetic fields T. M. Abu-elfadl, G. S. Nusinovich, A. G. Shkvarunets, Y. Carmel, and T. M. Antonsen, Jr.
Research, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland 20742-3511 D. Goebel Boeing EDD electrons and the axial electric field of the wave. Applying such a strong magnetic field requires heavy
Nusinovich, Gregory S.
An FPGA Wave Union TDC for Time-of-Flight Applications
An 18-channel time-of-flight (TOF) grade time-to-digit converter (TDC) has been implemented in a low cost FPGA device. The TDC has the following unique features. (1) The time recording structures of the TDC is based on the 'wave union TDC' we developed in our previous work. A leading edge of the input hit launches a bit pattern, or wave union into the delay chain-register array structure which yields two usable measurements. The two measurements effectively sub-divide timing bins for each other especially the 'ultra-wide bins' caused by the FPGA logic array block (LAB) structure and improves measurement precision both in terms of maximum bin width and RMS resolution. A coarser measurement on input signal trailing edge is also provided for time-over-threshold (TOT) applications. (2) The TDC supports advanced timing reference distribution schemes that are superior to conventional common start/stop schemes. The TDC has 16 regular measurement channels plus two channels for timing reference. The timing reference is established with multiple measurements rather than single shot common start/stop. An advanced scheme, the mean-timing approach even eliminates needs of high quality timing distribution media. (3) The ASIC-like encapsulation of the FPGA TDC significantly shorten the learning curve for potential users while maintain certain flexibility for various applications. Necessary digital post-processing functions including semicontinuous automatic calibration, data buffer, data link jam prevention logic etc. are integrated into the firmware to provide a turn-key solution for users.
Wu, J.; /Fermilab
The phase delay and its complex time: From stationary states up to wave packets
Complex time is often invoked about tunneling effect where the classical phase delay is completed with a crucial filter effect. Usually the complex times are obtained by considering the flux-flux correlation function, but this can be obtained by a very simple approach using the search of the maximum of the generalized complex phase function, including the amplitude of the wave function. Various aspects of the phase delay are presented in the case of wave packets impinging on simple or resonant quantum barriers. Formal links with the classical mechanics give birth to quasi-trajectories of the quantum particle, totally compatible with the quantum mechanics. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The stationary phase method is extended in including the variations of the spectra. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The complex phase delay leads to a complex trajectory inside and out-side the barrier. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Examples of quasi-trajectories are given in case of different quantum barriers. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Phase delays are specified for resonant tunneling or above-barrier wave-packets. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The coherence between the quasi-trajectories and quantum mechanics is shown.
Grossel, Ph., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
P wave velocity variations in the Coso region, California, derived from
P wave velocity variations in the Coso region, California, derived from P wave velocity variations in the Coso region, California, derived from local earthquake travel times Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: P wave velocity variations in the Coso region, California, derived from local earthquake travel times Details Activities (1) Areas (1) Regions (0) Abstract: Inversion of 4036 P wave travel time residuals from 429 local earthquakes using a tomographic scheme provides information about three-dimensional upper crustal velocity variations in the Indian Wells Valley-Coso region of southeastern California. The residuals are calculated relative to a Coso-specific velocity model, corrected for station elevation, weighted, and back-projected along their ray paths through models defined with layers of blocks. Slowness variations in the surface
Three-dimensional P and S waves velocity structures of the Coso geothermal
P and S waves velocity structures of the Coso geothermal P and S waves velocity structures of the Coso geothermal area, California, from microseismic travel time data Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: Three-dimensional P and S waves velocity structures of the Coso geothermal area, California, from microseismic travel time data Details Activities (1) Areas (1) Regions (0) Abstract: High precision P and S wave travel times for 2104 microearthquakes with focus <6 km are used in a non-linear inversion to derive high-resolution three-dimensional compressional and shear velocity structures at the Coso Geothermal Area in eastern California. Block size for the inversion is 0.2 km horizontally and 0.5 km vertically and inversions are investigated in the upper 5 km of the geothermal area.
Time damping of non-adiabatic magnetohydrodynamic waves in a partially ionized prominence plasma: Effect of helium
Prominences are partially ionized, magnetized plasmas embedded in the solar corona. Damped oscillations and propagating waves are commonly observed. These oscillations have been interpreted in terms of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves. Ion-neutral collisions and non-adiabatic effects (radiation losses and thermal conduction) have been proposed as damping mechanisms. We study the effect of the presence of helium on the time damping of non-adiabatic MHD waves in a plasma composed by electrons, protons, neutral hydrogen, neutral helium (He I), and singly ionized helium (He II) in the single-fluid approximation. The dispersion relation of linear non-adiabatic MHD waves in a homogeneous, unbounded, and partially ionized prominence medium is derived. The period and the damping time of Alfven, slow, fast, and thermal waves are computed. A parametric study of the ratio of the damping time to the period with respect to the helium abundance is performed. The efficiency of ion-neutral collisions as well as thermal conduc...
Soler, R; Ballester, J L
Wave Mechanics without Probability
The behavior of monochromatic electromagnetic waves in stationary media is shown to be ruled by a frequency dependent function, which we call Wave Potential, encoded in the structure of the Helmholtz equation. Contrary to the common belief that the very concept of "ray trajectory" is reserved to the eikonal approximation, a general and exact ray-based Hamiltonian treatment, reducing to the eikonal approximation in the absence of Wave Potential, shows that its presence induces a mutual, perpendicular ray-coupling, which is the one and only cause of any typically wave-like phenomenon, such as diffraction and interference. Recalling, then, that the time-independent Schroedinger and Klein-Gordon equations (associating stationary "matter waves" to mono-energetic particles) are themselves Helmholtz-like equations, the exact, ray-based treatment developed for classical electromagnetic waves is extended - without resorting to statistical concepts - to the exact, trajectory-based Hamiltonian dynamics of mono-energetic point-like particles, both in the non-relativistic and in the relativistic case. The trajectories turn out to be perpendicularly coupled, once more, by an exact, stationary, energy-dependent Wave Potential, coinciding in the form, but not in the physical meaning, with the statistical, time-varying, energy-independent "Quantum Potential" of Bohm's theory, which views particles, just like the standard Copenhagen interpretation, as traveling wave-packets. These results, together with the connection which is shown to exist between Wave Potential and Uncertainty Principle, suggest a novel, non-probabilistic interpretation of Wave Mechanics.
Adriano Orefice; Raffaele Giovanelli; Domenico Ditto
Sensitivity of Internal Gravity Waves Solutions to the Time Step of a Semi-Implicit Semi-Lagrangian Nonhydrostatic Model
The combination of semi-implicit and semi-Lagrangian marching algorithms leads to stable integration of the meteorological equations with long time steps even for large advecting velocities and fast-moving free waves. In recent years, however, ...
Philippe H�reil; Ren� Laprise
Second Harmonic Resonance for Equatorial Waves
Simple, exact analytical conditions for second harmonic resonance between equatorial waves are derived. Such resonance can occur only between two Rossby waves or two westward travelling gravity waves. It is shown that regardless of whether the ...
TMS Intl Travel Visa
Measuring the foaminess of space-time with gravity-wave interferometers
By analyzing a gedanken experiment designed to measure the distance $l$ between two spatially separated points, we find that this distance cannot be measured with uncertainty less than $(ll_P^2)^{1/3}$, considerably larger than the Planck scale $l_P$ (or the string scale in string theories), the conventional wisdom uncertainty in distance measurements. This limitation to space-time measurements is interpreted as resulting from quantum fluctuations of space-time itself. Thus, at very short distance scales, space-time is "foamy." This intrinsic foaminess of space-time provides another source of noise in the interferometers. The LIGO/VIRGO and LISA generations of gravity-wave interferometers, through future refinements, are expected to reach displacement noise levels low enough to test our proposed degree of foaminess in the structure of space-time. We also point out a simple connection to the holographic principle which asserts that the number of degrees of freedom of a region of space is bounded by the area of the region in Planck units.
Y. Jack Ng; H. van Dam
Beyond receiver functions: Passive source reverse time migration and inverse scattering of converted waves
We present a wave equation prestack depth migration to image crust and mantle structures using multi-component earthquake data recorded at dense seismograph arrays. Transmitted P and S waves recorded on the surface are ...
Shang, Xuefeng
P-wave arrival times for the 1991 racha, Georgia earthquake sequence at stations of a test, sparse network
The following arrival information is a supplement to Myers and Schultz (2000). Myers and Schultz (2000) demonstrate the improvement in sparse-network location that can be achieved by using travel-time corrections determined with a Bayesian Kriging algorithm (Schultz et al., 1998). Precise, benchmark locations are provided by a local aftershock study of the 1991 Racha, Georgia earthquake sequence in the Caucasus Mountains (Fuenzalida et al., 1997). A test network is used to relocate the aftershocks with and without travel-time corrections. The test network is meant to represent a typical International Monitoring System configuration, with 6 stations at regional to near teleseismic distances (less then 30{sup o} from the epicenter). The following arrival-time data help to facilitate the reproduction of Myers and Schultz (2000). The arrival picks were obtained from the International Seismic Center (ISC) (openly available) and a Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) analyst (Flori Ryan). Table 1 lists the arrivals in epic time (time since January 1, 1970). The author of the arrival pick is listed as either ''flori'' or ''-'', where ''-'' indicates ISC. Table 2 lists the hypocenter information determined in the local aftershock study of Fuenzalida et al. (1997), and Table 3 lists the station information for the Racha test network. Fields in all tables are described in the CSS3.O database schema.
Myers, S C; Schultz, C A; Ryall, F
We investigate the effects of gravitational waves (GWs) from a simulated population of binary supermassive black holes (SMBHs) on pulsar timing array data sets. We construct a distribution describing the binary SMBH population from an existing semi-analytic galaxy formation model. Using realizations of the binary SMBH population generated from this distribution, we simulate pulsar timing data sets with GW-induced variations. We find that the statistics of these variations do not correspond to an isotropic, stochastic GW background. The ''Hellings and Downs'' correlations between simulated data sets for different pulsars are recovered on average, though the scatter of the correlation estimates is greater than expected for an isotropic, stochastic GW background. These results are attributable to the fact that just a few GW sources dominate the GW-induced variations in every Fourier frequency bin of a five-year data set. Current constraints on the amplitude of the GW signal from binary SMBHs will be biased. Individual binary systems are likely to be detectable in five-year pulsar timing array data sets where the noise is dominated by GW-induced variations. Searches for GWs in pulsar timing array data therefore need to account for the effects of individual sources of GWs.
Ravi, V.; Wyithe, J. S. B. [School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 (Australia); Hobbs, G.; Shannon, R. M.; Manchester, R. N.; Yardley, D. R. B.; Keith, M. J., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710 (Australia)
X-ray preheating of window materials in direct-drive shock-wave timing experiments
The optical properties of x-ray preheated planar-window materials relevant for shock-wave timing experiments were studied on the OMEGA Laser System. The x-ray radiation was generated by 100 ps, 1x10{sup 15} W/cm{sup 2} laser pulses incident on planar plastic targets, instantaneously affecting samples located {approx}0.7 mm away. An abrupt onset of strong absorption of an optical probe beam ({lambda}=532 nm) and a temporally varying refractive index were measured in polystyrene and diamond windows. The behavior of diamond windows exposed to x rays is consistent with a simple model based on the generation of free charge carriers. Polystyrene windows showed indications of optical transitions due to molecular states that are created by the ionizing radiation.
Theobald, W.; Miller, J. E.; Boehly, T. R.; Vianello, E.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C.; Eggert, J.; Celliers, P. M. [Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299 (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 (United States)
Segmenting the mature travel market by motivation
The purpose of this study was to segment mature travellers based on their motivations and to profile the similarities and differences between mature travel market segments according to their sociodemographic and travel-related characteristics. A ... Keywords: USA, United States, cluster analysis, data analysis, educational travellers, factor analysis, mature markets, mature travellers, personal travellers, segmentation, social travellers, sociodemographics, travel market segments, travel motivation
Yawei Wang; Yanli Zhang; John Xia; Zhongxian Wang
Real-time Non-contact Millimeter Wave Characterization of Water-Freezing and Ice-Melting Dynamics
We applied millimeter wave radiometry for the first time to monitor water-freezing and ice-melting dynamics in real-time non-contact. The measurements were completed at a frequency of 137 GHz. Small amounts (about 2 mL) ...
Woskov, Paul P.
Going Green: Traveling in an Environmentally Responsible Manner |
Green: Traveling in an Environmentally Responsible Manner Green: Traveling in an Environmentally Responsible Manner Going Green: Traveling in an Environmentally Responsible Manner September 27, 2010 - 7:30am Addthis John Lippert My wife and I recently took a trip to Virginia Beach. I wanted to visit a research center there. I spent a lot of time at the center, including attending a 3-hour conference session. So really-a main reason for the trip was not leisure. I do admit, however, that my wife and I couldn't go there over a long weekend without squeezing in some time for the ocean. Travel and tourism is one of America's largest industries, responsible for more than $1 trillion in the U.S. economy. According to the U.S. Travel Association, one out of every nine jobs in the United States depends on travel and tourism. The U.S. travel and tourism industry is made up of
Going Green: Traveling in an Environmentally Responsible Manner Going Green: Traveling in an Environmentally Responsible Manner Going Green: Traveling in an Environmentally Responsible Manner September 27, 2010 - 7:30am Addthis John Lippert My wife and I recently took a trip to Virginia Beach. I wanted to visit a research center there. I spent a lot of time at the center, including attending a 3-hour conference session. So really-a main reason for the trip was not leisure. I do admit, however, that my wife and I couldn't go there over a long weekend without squeezing in some time for the ocean. Travel and tourism is one of America's largest industries, responsible for more than $1 trillion in the U.S. economy. According to the U.S. Travel Association, one out of every nine jobs in the United States depends on travel and tourism. The U.S. travel and tourism industry is made up of
Forecast constraints on cosmic strings from future CMB, pulsar timing and gravitational wave direct detection experiments
We study future observational constraints on cosmic string parameters from various types of next-generation experiments: direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs), pulsar timing array, and the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We consider both GW burst and stochastic GW background searches by ground- and space-based interferometers as well as GW background detection in pulsar timing experiments. We also consider cosmic string contributions to the CMB temperature and polarization anisotropies. These different types of observations offer independent probes of cosmic strings and may enable us to investigate cosmic string properties if the signature is detected. In this paper, we evaluate the power of future experiments to constrain cosmic string parameters, such as the string tension Gmu, the initial loop size alpha, and the reconnection probability p, by performing Fisher information matrix calculations. We find that combining the information from the different types of observations breaks parameter degeneracies and provides more stringent constraints on the parameters. We also find future space-borne interferometers independently provide a highly precise determination of the parameters.
Sachiko Kuroyanagi; Koichi Miyamoto; Toyokazu Sekiguchi; Keitaro Takahashi; Joseph Silk
Materials Development for the Traveling Wave Reactor
Symposium, Materials and Fuels for the Current and Advanced Nuclear Reactors ... First-Principles Theory of Magnetism, Crystal Field and Phonon Spectrum of�...
Travel Request Form
Lodging Lodging Transportation SNAP COLLABORATION MEETING JUNE 1 - 3, 2006 TRAVEL FUNDING REQUEST FORM If you require Travel funding support from LBNL to attend the SNAP Collaboration Meeting, please fill out the travel request form below and click on the "SEND" button. As an alternative, you can simply email the requested information on the form to firstname.lastname@example.com Deadline: Please submit your request NLT Wednesday, May 10, 2006. Disclaimer: Please note that the submission of this request does not automatically constitute funding approval. 1. First Name Last Name 2. Has this travel funding support been pre-approved by the SNAP management? Yes No 3. If answer to #2 is "Yes": a) Approval by whom? b) What was the maximum reimbursement amount from SNAP?
Interviewee Travel Regulations Scope
3/2012 3/2012 Interviewee Travel Regulations Scope These regulations apply to the reimbursement of round-trip travel expenses incurred by interviewees. These regulations do not apply to applicants who live within a 50-mile radius of Los Alamos based on the Rand McNally Standard Highway Mileage Guide. Reimbursement With the exception of airfare, interviewees will be reimbursed for travel expenses according to Federal travel regulations. For interviewees, airfare reimbursement is limited to the lesser of the standard coach airfare or the actual amount paid. The lowest available airfare should be obtained based on the official business dates and locations. The reimbursement amount will be based on the most direct route available between the interviewee's residence and the laboratory. Costs incurred over the lowest available fare will be the
Gravitational waves (GWs) are tiny ripples in the fabric of space time predicted by Einstein's general relativity. Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are well poised to detect low-frequency (10{sup -9}-10{sup -7} Hz) GWs in the near future. There has been a significant amount of research into the detection of a stochastic background of GWs from supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). Recent work has shown that single continuous sources standing out above the background may be detectable by PTAs operating at a sensitivity sufficient to detect the stochastic background. The most likely sources of continuous GWs in the pulsar timing frequency band are extremely massive and/or nearby SMBHBs. In this paper we present detection strategies including various forms of matched filtering and power spectral summing. We determine the efficacy and computational cost of such strategies. It is shown that using an optimal matched filter explicitly including the poorly constrained pulsar distances with a grid-based method is computationally infeasible. We show that an Earth-term-matched filter constructed using only the correlated signal terms is robust, computationally viable and highly sensitive to GW signals. We further show that a simple power spectral summing technique is nearly equivalent to the Earth-term-matched filter in terms of the minimum detectable amplitude. Both of these techniques are only a factor of two less sensitive than the computationally unrealizable optimal matched filter. We also show that a pairwise matched filter, taking the pulsar distances into account, is comparable to the optimal matched filter for the single template case and comparable to the Earth-term-matched filter for many search templates. Finally, using simulated data optimal quality, we place a theoretical minimum detectable strain amplitude of h > 2 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -15} from continuous GWs at frequencies on the order {approx}1/T{sub obs}.
Ellis, J. A. [Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211 (United States); Jenet, F. A. [Center for Gravitational Wave Astronomy, University of Texas, Brownsville, TX 78520 (United States); McLaughlin, M. A. [Physics Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505 (United States)
University of Kansas Travel Handbook
...................................................................................................................5 Future Employees Traveling Before Start Date .....................................................................................................................................6 Transportation Expenses.................................................................................................................................6 Reimbursable Transportation
Peterson, Blake R.
Scaling studies and time-resolved microwave measurements on a relativistic backward-wave oscillator
The authors built a relativistic backward-wave oscillator (BWO) operating at a frequency near 8 GHz. In the experiments, the parameters of the 60-ns electron beam driving this microwave source were varied over the ranges 0.8--1.5 MV and 2--10 kA. Also, they tried several different annular cathodes for launching the electron beam varying the outer radius and shape. The axial magnetic field guiding the beam through the BWO was varied between 0.6 and 3 T. Finally, they investigated the power transfer downstream to an output waveguide as a function of the shape of the transition from the BWO to the waveguide. They discuss the scaling of the output power and frequency with these variations. In addition, they show time-resolved measurements of 2-ns-long segments of the microwave output. In observations of the microwave signal, they found the frequency shifted as the output power envelope passed through a sharp dip; they propose that this shift corresponds to a change in the longitudinal operating mode of the BWO.
Swegle, J.A.; Anderson, R.A.; Camacho, J.F.; Poole, B.R.; Rhodes, M.A.; Rosenbury, E.T.; Shaeffer, D.L. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States)
Analysis of SWADE Discus N Wind Speed and Wave Height Time Series. Part II: Quantitative Growth Rates during a Storm
In Part I, wind speed and wave height time series obtained from the Discus N buoy during two storm events recorded in the SWADE experiment were analyzed using discrete wavelet packet transforms. One result of the analysis is that distinct tightly ...
Jorge F. Willemsen
A Characterization of African Easterly Waves on 2.5�6-Day and 6�9-Day Time Scales
This study shows that the African easterly wave (AEW) activity over the African monsoon region and the northern tropical Atlantic can be divided in two distinct temporal bands with time scales of 2.5�6 and 6�9 days. The results are based on a two-...
Man-Li C. Wu; Oreste Reale; Siegfried D. Schubert
Analysis of SWADE Discus N Wind Speed and Wave Height Time Series. Part I: Discrete Wavelet Packet Representations
Discus N denotes a single buoy employed during the SWADE experiment, equipped to record wave amplitude and wind speed time series at a rate of 1 Hz. Over the course of approximately 4.5 days, two clear-cut examples of sea response to wind ...
Jorge E. Willemsen
Zero Energy Travel
It is fundamentally possible to travel with zero energy based on Newton Laws of Motion. According to the first law of motion, a body will continue to travel for infinite distance unless it is acted upon by another force. For a body in motion, the force which stops perpetual motion is friction. However, there are many circumstances that friction is zero, for example in space, where there is vacuum. On earth, gravity makes objects to be in constant contact with each other generating friction but technology exists to separate them in the air using powerful magnetic forces. At low speeds, the friction caused by air is minimal but we can create vacuum even on land for high speed travel. Another condition for travelling is for it to stop at its destination. On land, we can recover the kinetic energy back into electrical energy using brushless permanent magnet generators. These generators can also convert electric energy into kinetic energy in order to provide motion. This article reviews technologies that will allow us to travel with zero energy. It is easier to do it on land but in the air, it is not obvious.
Othman Ahmad; Aroland Kiring; Ali Chekima
Contributions of Convectively Coupled Equatorial Rossby Waves and Kelvin Waves to the Real-Time Multivariate MJO Indices
The real-time multivariate (RMM) Madden�Julian oscillation (MJO) indices have been widely applied to diagnose and track the progression of the MJO. Although it has been well demonstrated that the MJO contributes to the leading signals in these ...
Paul E. Roundy; Carl J. Schreck III; Matthew A. Janiga
Singular Vectors and Time-Dependent Normal Modes of a Baroclinic Wave-Mean Oscillation
Linear disturbance growth is studied in a quasigeostrophic baroclinic channel model with several thousand degrees of freedom. Disturbances to an unstable, nonlinear wave-mean oscillation are analyzed, allowing the comparison of singular vectors ...
Christopher L. Wolfe; Roger M. Samelson
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Cars Time 100 Time 100 Roundtable Design 100 Best Inventions Best TV Shows Top 10 ALL Time 100 Best > The Best Inventions The Electric Microbe BACK NEXT 20 of 52 View All HEADCASE DESIGN FOR TIME Bacteria have has tiny hairlike extensions called pili that it uses to generate electricity from mud and wastewater
Lovley, Derek
A Study of Cooling Time Reduction of Interferometric Cryogenic Gravitational Wave Detectors Using a High-Emissivity Coating
In interferometric cryogenic gravitational wave detectors, there are plans to cool mirrors and their suspension systems (payloads) in order to reduce thermal noise, that is, one of the fundamental noise sources. Because of the large payload masses (several hundred kg in total) and their thermal isolation, a cooling time of several months is required. Our calculation shows that a high-emissivity coating (e.g. a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating) can reduce the cooling time effectively by enhancing radiation heat transfer. Here, we have experimentally verified the effect of the DLC coating on the reduction of the cooling time.
Sakakibara, Y; Suzuki, T; Yamamoto, K; Chen, D; Koike, S; Tokoku, C; Uchiyama, T; Ohashi, M; Kuroda, K
Y. Sakakibara; N. Kimura; T. Suzuki; K. Yamamoto; D. Chen; S. Koike; C. Tokoku; T. Uchiyama; M. Ohashi; K. Kuroda
An Undular Bore and Gravity Waves Illustrated by Dramatic Time-Lapse Photography
On 6 May 2007, an intense atmospheric undular bore moved over eastern Iowa. A �Webcam� in Tama, Iowa, captured dramatic images of the effects of the bore and associated gravity waves on cloud features, because its viewing angle was almost normal ...
Timothy A. Coleman; Kevin R. Knupp; Daryl E. Herzmann
2005 PTM Travel Information - TMS
TRAVEL INFORMATION � SOCIAL EVENTS & TOURS � VISA INFORMATION ... Wind: SSW at 7 mph. Airport Delays � Beach Conditions � Pollen Reports�...
A combined Event-Driven/Time-Driven molecular dynamics algorithm for the simulation of shock waves in rarefied gases
A novel combined Event-Driven/Time-Driven (ED/TD) algorithm to speed-up the Molecular Dynamics simulation of rarefied gases using realistic spherically symmetric soft potentials is presented. Due to the low density regime, the proposed method correctly ... Keywords: 47.11.Mn, 47.40.Ki, 47.45.-n, 47.61.Cb, Event-Driven MD, Molecular Dynamics, Non-continuum effects, Shock Waves
Paolo Valentini; Thomas E. Schwartzentruber
Multi-physics investigation on the failure mechanism and short-time scale wave motion in flip-chip configuration
The demands for higher clock speeds and larger current magnitude in high-performance flip-chip electronic packaging configurations of small footprint have inevitably raised the concern over rapid thermal transients and large thermal spatial gradients that could severely compromise package performance. Coupled electrical-thermal-mechanical multi-physics were explored to evaluate the concern and to establish the knowledge base necessary for improving flip-chip reliability. It was found that within the first few hundred nanoseconds upon power-on, there were fast attenuating, dispersive shock waves of extremely high frequency propagating in the package. The notions of high cycle fatigue, power density and joint time-frequency analysis were employed to characterize the waves and the various failure modes associated with the moving of these short-lived dynamical disturbances in bulk materials and along interfaces. A qualitative measure for failure was also developed which enables the extent of damages inflicted by short-time wave propagation to be calculated in the probability sense. Failure modes identified in this study are all in agreement with what have been observed in industry. This suggests that micron cracks or interfacial flaws initiated at the short-time scale would be further propagated by the CTE-induced thermal stresses at the long-time scale and result in eventual electrical disruptions. Although epoxy-based underfills with fillers were shown to be effective in alleviating thermal stresses and improving solder joint fatigue performance in thermal cycling tests of long-time scale, underfill material viscoelasticity was found to be insignificant in attenuating short-time scale wave propagation. On the other hand, the inclusion of Cu interconnecting layers in flip-chips was shown to perform significantly better than Al layers in suppressing short-time scale effects. These results imply that, if improved flip-chip reliability is to be achieved, all packaging constituent materials need to be formulated to have well-defined short-time scale and long-time scale properties. In addition, the results also suggest that the composition and layout of all packaging components be optimized to achieve discouraging or suppressing short-time scale dynamic effects. In summary, results reported herein and numerical procedures developed for the research would not just render higher packaging manufacturing yield, but also bring out significant impact on packaging development, packaging material formulation and micro-circuit layout design.
Oh, Yoonchan
Travel plans: opportunities for ICT
Site-based mobility management or 'travel plans' address the transport problem by engaging with those organisations such as employers that are directly responsible for generating the demand for travel, and hence have the potential to have a major impact ... Keywords: ict, market niche, sustainable transport, travel plans
Marcus P. Enoch
Optical pin apparatus for measuring the arrival time and velocity of shock waves and particles
An apparatus for the detection of the arrival and for the determination of the velocity of disturbances such as shock-wave fronts and/or projectiles. Optical pins using fluid-filled microballoons as the light source and an optical fiber as a link to a photodetector have been used to investigate shock-waves and projectiles. A microballoon filled with a noble gas is affixed to one end of a fiber-optic cable, and the other end of the cable is attached to a high-speed streak camera. As the shock-front or projectile compresses the microballoon, the gas inside is heated and compressed producing a bright flash of light. The flash of light is transmitted via the optic cable to the streak camera where it is recorded. One image-converter streak camera is capable of recording information from more than 100 microballoon-cable combinations simultaneously.
Benjamin, Robert F. (315 Rover Blvd., Los Alamos, NM 87544)
Benjamin, R.F.
An apparatus is disclosed for the detection of the arrival and for the determination of the velocity of disturbances such as shock-wave fronts and/or projectiles. Optical pins using fluid-filled microballoons as the light source and an optical fiber as a link to a photodetector have been used to investigate shock-waves and projectiles. A microballoon filled with a noble gas is affixed to one end of a fiber-optic cable, and the other end of the cable is attached to a high-speed streak camera. As the shock-front or projectile compresses the microballoon, the gas inside is heated and compressed producing a bright flash of light. The flash of light is transmitted via the optic cable to the streak camera where it is recorded. One image-converter streak camera is capable of recording information from more than 100 microballoon-cable combinations simultaneously. 3 figs.
Constraining dark matter late-time energy injection: decays and p-wave annihilations
We use the latest cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations to provide updated constraints on the dark matter lifetime as well as on p-wave suppressed annihilation cross sections in the 1 MeV to 1 TeV mass range. In contrast to scenarios with an s-wave dominated annihilation cross section, which mainly affect the CMB close to the last scattering surface, signatures associated with these scenarios essentially appear at low redshifts (z well as Lyman-alpha measurements of the matter temperature at z ~ 4 to set a 95% confidence level lower bound on the dark matter lifetime of ~ 4 x 10^25 s for m_chi = 100 MeV. This bound becomes lower by two orders of magnitude at m_chi = 1 TeV due to inefficient energy deposition into the intergalactic medium. We also show that structure formation can enhance the effect of p-wave suppressed annihilation cross sections by many orders of magnitude with respect to the background cosmological rate, although even with this enhancement, CMB constraints are not yet strong enough to reach the thermal relic value of the cross section.
Roberta Diamanti; Laura Lopez-Honorez; Olga Mena; Sergio Palomares-Ruiz; Aaron C. Vincent
Solute-travel time estimates for tile-drained fields. III. Removal of a geothermal brine spill from soil by leaching
The time required to leach a slug of saline, sodic geothermal brine from the point of injection to the tile outlet of an artificially drained field is calculated. Sprinkler, complete, and partial ponding leaching methods are compared as a function of drain spacing and initial location of the spill, with ponding requiring more water but less time to leach brine out of the system for all situations except where the brine spill occurs near the midpoint between tile lines. Calculation results are presented in dimensionless parameters which scale the drainage system dimensions and the soil water transport properties. A simple calculation is proposed to estimate the volume of leaching fluid required to remove excess Na/sup +/ from the exchange complex, and was found to be in good agreement with the results of laboratory soil column experiments. For fine-textured soils in the Imperial Valley of California it may require up to 30 pore volumes of leaching fluid to lower Na/sup +/ concentrations if saturated gypsum solution is used in reclamation. The results of these calculations suggest that reclamation of fine textured soils could require a prohibitive amount of time unless the brine spill is localized around a drain.
Jury, W.A.; Weeks, L.V.
Travel Demand Modeling
This chapter describes the principal types of both passenger and freight demand models in use today, providing a brief history of model development supported by references to a number of popular texts on the subject, and directing the reader to papers covering some of the more recent technical developments in the area. Over the past half century a variety of methods have been used to estimate and forecast travel demands, drawing concepts from economic/utility maximization theory, transportation system optimization and spatial interaction theory, using and often combining solution techniques as varied as Box-Jenkins methods, non-linear multivariate regression, non-linear mathematical programming, and agent-based microsimulation.
Southworth, Frank [ORNL; Garrow, Dr. Laurie [Georgia Institute of Technology
Second coordinate readout in drift chambers by timing of the electromagnetic wave propagating along the anode wire
The feasibility of using an anode wire and surrounding electrodes in drift chambers as a transmission line for second coordinate readout has been studied. The method is based on propagation of the electromagnetic wave along the anode wire is determined by measurement, in an optimized electronic readout system, of the time difference between the arrivals of the signal to the ends of the wire. The resolution obtained on long wires (approx. 2 meters) is about 2 cm FWHM for minimum ionizing particles at a gas gain of approx. = 10/sup 5/.
Boie, R.A.; Radeka, V.; Rehak, P.; Xi, D.M.
PRICM 8: Housing and Travel
1999 EMC: Travel Information - TMS
Jul 2, 1999 ... Travel by Train: Amtrak provides daily service from San Francisco and Los Angeles. The station is located in downtown Santa Barbara.
d. volunteer leader travel policy
the name of the event, who is attending, and a projected cost for budgetary purposes. The proposed volunteer leader travel budget will be approved by the�...
Travel and Entertainment All Airlines
, Flying Fields Travel Agencies and Tour Operators Bridge and Road Fees, Tolls Services (Utilities) Wire Institutions Securities Brokers /Dealers Insurance Sales, Underwriting and Premiums Lodging Hotels, Motels
Castillo, Steven P.
Petroleum Reduction Strategies to Reduce Vehicle Miles Traveled |
Reduce Vehicle Miles Traveled Reduce Vehicle Miles Traveled Petroleum Reduction Strategies to Reduce Vehicle Miles Traveled October 7, 2013 - 11:52am Addthis YOU ARE HERE: Step 3 For reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the table below describes petroleum reduction strategies to reduce vehicle miles traveled, as well as guidance and best practices for each strategy. Table 1. Determining When and How to Promote the Use of Strategies to Reduce Vehicle Miles Traveled Strategy When Applicable Best Practices Consolidate trips Applicable to all vehicles, regardless of ownership or vehicle and fuel type Target vehicle operators who take longer trips Seek vehicle operator input and collaboration to identify regular or occasional trips that involve similar routes. Determine whether trips on multiple days or times can be consolidated into a single trip.
Frequency and time profiles of metric wave isolated Type I solar noise storm bursts at high spectral and temporal resolution
Type I noise storms constitute a sizeable faction of the active-Sun radio emission component. Observations of isolated instances of such bursts, in the swept-frequency-mode at metric wavelengths, have remained sparse, with several unfilled regions in the frequency coverage. Dynamic spectra of the burst radiation, in the 30 - 130 MHz band, obtained from the recently commissioned digital High Resolution Spectrograph (HRS) at the Gauribidanur Radio Observatory, on account of the superior frequency and time resolution, have unravelled in explicit detail the temporal and spectral profiles of isolated bursts. Apart from presenting details on their fundamental emission features, the time and frequency profile symmetry, with reference to custom-specific Gaussian distributions, has been chosen as the nodal criterion to statistically explain the state of the source regions in the vicinity of magnetic reconnections, the latent excitation agent that contributes to plasma wave energetics, and the quenching phenomenon that causes damping of the burst emission.
G. A. Shanmugha Sundaram; K. R. Subramanian
Type I noise storms constitute a sizeable faction of the active-Sun radio emission component. Observations of isolated instances of such bursts, in the swept-frequency-mode at metric wavelengths, have remained sparse, with several unfilled regions in the frequency coverage. Dynamic spectra of the burst radiation, in the 30 - 130 MHz band, obtained from the recently commissioned digital High Resolution Spectrograph (HRS) at the Gauribidanur Radio Observatory, on account of the superior frequency and time resolution, have unravelled in explicit detail the temporal and spectral profiles of isolated bursts. Apart from presenting details on their fundamental emission features, the time and frequency profile symmetry, with reference to custom-specific Gaussian distributions, has been chosen as the nodal criterion to statistically explain the state of the source regions in the vicinity of magnetic reconnections, the latent excitation agent that contributes to plasma wave energetics, and the quenching phenomenon that...
Sundaram, G A S
The Time Dependent Traveling Salesman Problem - Optimization ...
inequalities can be expressed in terms of the TDTSP variables as follows: ? j?S x0 ... at a vertex in S or it must enter S no later than layer n ? |S|. ..... The search.
Time-Integrated Gamma-Ray Burst Synchrotron Spectra from Blast Wave/Cloud Interactions
We show that the spectral shape of the low energy tails found for the time-integrated spectra of gamma-ray bursts, even in the absence of strong synchrotron cooling, can be significantly softer than the $\
James Chiang
Time-Integrated $\\gamma$-Ray Burst Synchrotron Spectra from Blast Wave/Cloud Interactions
Chiang, J
Instrumentation to Measure the Depth/Time Fluctuations in Acoustic Pulses Propagated through Arctic Internal Waves
Instrumentation for measuring the evolution of volume-scattered acoustic signals in both depth and time is described. Measurements were taken for 12 days during the spring of 1985 with transmitters and receivers suspended beneath arctic pack ice ...
Terry E. Ewart; Stephen A. Reynolds
I. Pastirk, page 1 2D (time-frequency) femtosecond four-wave
laser intensity. Notice that the blue and red wings seen in Fig 1a, are replaced by a series. Both O2 and CS2 show time delayed `wings' that extend to several hundreds of femtoseconds. These features correspond to the O (? J=-2, blue shifted) and S (? J=+2, red shifted) branches and are caused
Dantus, Marcos
On the Interactions of Internal Waves Reflecting from Slopes
Incident internal waves and those reflected from a uniform slope interact at second order. These interactions are considered for incident waves traveling obliquely to the slope in a uniformly stratified rotating fluid. It is found that (i) ...
S. A. Thorpe
Time behavior of a critical reactor pulsed with a large square wave source
In a previous Naval Application memorandum, a discussion was given of what happens to the power level of a reactor when an instantaneous, very large neutron source is introduced. The motivation for the problem arises from the question of what happens when a nuclear bomb is detonated near a reactor powered missile. This present memorandum looks at the same problem as that which is discussed in the previous memorandum but in slightly more detail. The results obtained are essentially the same as those of the previous memorandum with somewhat more attention given to the nature of the assumptions made. The kinetics model used is the space-time separable, one delayed group model. Space-time separability is almost certainly a poor assumption in this case. When a very large neutron wavefront impinges on a reactor, the subsequent short time behavior can hardly be that predicted by this simple model. One would expect very large local power densities in one part of the core before another part would see anything unusual. The other assumption, one delayed group, is not necessary but makes the mathematics simpler and in view of the first assumption is probably quite acceptable. In spite of these simplifications the model gives results which should have,qualitative physical relevance.
Barnett, C.
PMP-III 2008: Travel - TMS
PMP-III: Travel. For Thailand and Bangkok travel information, visit the Tourism Authority of Thailand. AIRORT TRANSPORTATION. Public metered taxi is the�...
TAKING A TRIP? Travel Management Contracts
to airline/rail reservations, hotel lodging, airport transportation, and car rentals. #12;TRAVEL MGMT, car rentals, incidentals. Improper usage examples include movies, utility bills, alcohol. Non travel
Zobin, Nahum
New Hardware and Software Design of a Field-Deployable Real-Time Laser-Based Non-Intrusive Detection System for Measurement of True Travel Time on the Highway
Time Laser-Based Prototype Detection System for MeasurementLaser-Based Non-Intrusive Detection System for MeasurementLaser-Based Non-Intrusive Detection System for Measurement
On the Brightness and Waiting-time Distributions of a Type III Radio Storm observed by STEREO/WAVES
Type III solar radio storms, observed at frequencies below approximately 16 MHz by space borne radio experiments, correspond to the quasi-continuous, bursty emission of electron beams onto open field lines above active regions. The mechanisms by which a storm can persist in some cases for more than a solar rotation whilst exhibiting considerable radio activity are poorly understood. To address this issue, the statistical properties of a type III storm observed by the STEREO/WAVES radio experiment are presented, examining both the brightness distribution and (for the first time) the waiting-time distribution. Single power law behavior is observed in the number distribution as a function of brightness; the power law index is approximately 2.1 and is largely independent of frequency. The waiting-time distribution is found to be consistent with a piecewise-constant Poisson process. This indicates that during the storm individual type III bursts occur independently and suggests that the storm dynamics are consiste...
Eastwood, J P; Hudson, H S; Krucker, S; Bale, S D; Maksimovic, M; Goetz, K; Bougeret, J -L
Large hazardous floods as translatory waves
The theory for non-stationary flow in translatory waves is developed for an inclined plane in a prismatic channel and a funneling channel. The existence of translatory waves traveling over dry land or superimposed on constant flow is established, and ... Keywords: Flood hazard, Flow simulation, Jokulhlaup, Translatory waves
Jonas El�asson; Snorri Pall Kjaran; Sigurdur Larus Holm; Magnus Tumi Gudmundsson; Gudrun Larsen
We present the first unambiguous detection of quasi-periodic wave trains within the broad pulse of a global EUV wave (so-called EIT wave) occurring on the limb. These wave trains, running ahead of the lateral coronal mass ejection (CME) front of 2-4 times slower, coherently travel to distances {approx}> R{sub Sun }/2 along the solar surface, with initial velocities up to 1400 km s{sup -1} decelerating to {approx}650 km s{sup -1}. The rapid expansion of the CME initiated at an elevated height of 110 Mm produces a strong downward and lateral compression, which may play an important role in driving the primary EUV wave and shaping its front forwardly inclined toward the solar surface. The wave trains have a dominant 2 minute periodicity that matches the X-ray flare pulsations, suggesting a causal connection. The arrival of the leading EUV wave front at increasing distances produces an uninterrupted chain sequence of deflections and/or transverse (likely fast kink mode) oscillations of local structures, including a flux-rope coronal cavity and its embedded filament with delayed onsets consistent with the wave travel time at an elevated (by {approx}50%) velocity within it. This suggests that the EUV wave penetrates through a topological separatrix surface into the cavity, unexpected from CME-caused magnetic reconfiguration. These observations, when taken together, provide compelling evidence of the fast-mode MHD wave nature of the primary (outer) fast component of a global EUV wave, running ahead of the secondary (inner) slow component of CME-caused restructuring.
Liu Wei; Nitta, Nariaki V.; Aschwanden, Markus J.; Schrijver, Carolus J.; Title, Alan M.; Tarbell, Theodore D. [Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory, 3251 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, CA 94304 (United States); Ofman, Leon, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physics, Catholic University of America, Washingtom, DC 20064 (United States)
A Quantum Mechanical Travelling Salesman
A quantum simulation of a travelling salesman is described. A vector space for a graph is defined together with a sequence of operators which transform a special initial state into a superposition states representing Hamiltonian tours. The quantum amplitude for any tour is a function of the classical cost of travelling along the edges in that tour. Tours with the largest quantum amplitude may be different than those with the smallest classically-computed cost.
Ravindra N. Rao
Type III solar radio storms, observed at frequencies below {approx}16 MHz by space-borne radio experiments, correspond to the quasi-continuous, bursty emission of electron beams onto open field lines above active regions. The mechanisms by which a storm can persist in some cases for more than a solar rotation whilst exhibiting considerable radio activity are poorly understood. To address this issue, the statistical properties of a type III storm observed by the STEREO/WAVES radio experiment are presented, examining both the brightness distribution and (for the first time) the waiting-time distribution (WTD). Single power-law behavior is observed in the number distribution as a function of brightness; the power-law index is {approx}2.1 and is largely independent of frequency. The WTD is found to be consistent with a piecewise-constant Poisson process. This indicates that during the storm individual type III bursts occur independently and suggests that the storm dynamics are consistent with avalanche-type behavior in the underlying active region.
Eastwood, J. P.; Hudson, H. S.; Krucker, S.; Bale, S. D. [Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Wheatland, M. S. [Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia); Maksimovic, M.; Bougeret, J.-L. [LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, F-92195 Meudon (France); Goetz, K. [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (United States)], E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Molten metal feed system controlled with a traveling magnetic field
A continuous metal casting system in which the feed of molten metal is controlled by means of a linear induction motor capable of producing a magnetic traveling wave in a duct that connects a reservoir of molten metal to a caster. The linear induction motor produces a traveling magnetic wave in the duct in opposition to the pressure exerted by the head of molten metal in the reservoir so that p.sub.c =p.sub.g -p.sub.m where p.sub.c is the desired pressure in the caster, p.sub.g is the gravitational pressure in the duct exerted by the force of the head of molten metal in the reservoir, and p.sub.m is the electromagnetic pressure exerted by the force of the magnetic field traveling wave produced by the linear induction motor. The invention also includes feedback loops to the linear induction motor to control the casting pressure in response to measured characteristics of the metal being cast.
Praeg, Walter F. (Palos Park, IL)
An apparatus for controlling the feed of molten metal in a continuous metal casting system comprising a linear induction motor capable of producing a magnetic traveling wave in a duct that connects a reservoir of molten metal to a caster. The linear induction motor produces a traveling magnetic wave in the duct in opposition to the pressure exerted by the head of molten metal in the reservoir so that p{sub c} = p{sub g} {minus} p{sub m} where p{sub c} is the desired pressure in the caster, p{sub g} is the gravitational pressure in the duct exerted by the force of the head of molten metal in the reservoir, and p{sub m} is the electromagnetic pressure exerted by the force of the magnetic field traveling wave produced by the linear induction motor. The invention also includes feedback loops to the linear induction motor to control the casting pressure in response to measured characteristic of the metal being cast. 8 figs.
Praeg, W.F.
POINTWISE GREEN FUNCTION BOUNDS AND STABILITY OF COMBUSTION WAVES GREGORY LYNG, MOHAMMADREZA ROOFI for traveling wave solutions of an abstract viscous combustion model including both Majda's model and the full-wave) approximation. Notably, our results apply to combustion waves of any type: weak or strong, detonations or defla
Texier, Benjamin - Institut de Mathématiques de Jussieu, Université Paris 7
ACCURATE TIME-DEPENDENT WAVE PACKET STUDY OF THE H{sup +}+LiH REACTION AT EARLY UNIVERSE CONDITIONS
The dynamics and kinetics of the H{sup +} + LiH reaction have been studied using a quantum reactive time-dependent wave packet (TDWP) coupled-channel quantum mechanical method on an ab initio potential energy surface at conditions of the early universe. The total reaction probabilities for the H{sup +} + LiH(v = 0, j = 0) {yields} H{sup +} {sub 2} + Li process have been calculated from 5 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -3} eV up to 1 eV for total angular momenta J from 0 to 110. Using a Langevin model, integral cross sections have been calculated in that range of collision energies and extrapolated for energies below 5 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -3} eV. The calculated rate constants are found to be nearly independent of temperature in the 10-1000 K interval with a value of Almost-Equal-To 10{sup -9} cm{sup 3} s{sup -1}, which is in good agreement with estimates used in evolutionary models of the early universe lithium chemistry.
Aslan, E.; Bulut, N. [Department of Physics, Firat University, 23169 Elazig (Turkey); Castillo, J. F.; Banares, L.; Aoiz, F. J. [Departamento de Quimica Fisica I, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas (Unidad Asociada CSIC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid (Spain); Roncero, O., E-mail: email@example.com [Instituto de Fisica Fundamental, CSIC, C/Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid (Spain)
2001 New York State NHTS: Travel Patterns of Special Populations
Policymakers rely on transportation statistics, including data on personal travel behavior, to formulate strategic transportation policies, and to improve the safety and efficiency of the U.S. transportation system. Data on personal travel trends are needed to examine the reliability, efficiency, capacity, and flexibility of the Nation's transportation system to meet current demands and accommodate future demands; to assess the feasibility and efficiency of alternative congestion-alleviating technologies (e.g., high-speed rail, magnetically levitated trains, intelligent vehicle and highway systems); to evaluate the merits of alternative transportation investment programs; and to assess the energy-use and air-quality impacts of various policies. To address these data needs, the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) initiated an effort in 1969 to collect detailed data on personal travel. The 1969 survey was the first Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS). The survey was conducted again in 1977, 1983, 1990, 1995, and 2001. Data on daily travel were collected in 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990 and 1995. Longer-distance travel was collected in 1977 and 1995. The 2001 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) collected both daily and longer-distance trips in one survey. The 2001 survey was sponsored by three USDOT agencies: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The primary objective of the survey was to collect trip-based data on the nature and characteristics of personal travel so that the relationships between the characteristics of personal travel and the demographics of the traveler can be established. Commercial and institutional travel was not part of the survey. New York State participated in the 2001 NHTS by procuring additional 12,000 sample households. These additional sample households allowed New York State to address transportation planning issues pertinent to geographic areas that are significantly smaller than what the national NHTS data allowed. The final sample size for New York State was 13,423 usable households. In this report, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) identifies and analyzes differences, if any, in travel patterns that are attributable to demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, age, race and ethnicity), household characteristics (e.g., low income households, zero and one car households), modal characteristics and geographic location. Travel patterns of those who work at home are examined and compared to those of conventional workers, as well as those who do not work. Focus is given to trip frequency, travel by time of day, trip purpose, and mode choice. For example, included in this analysis is the mobility of the elderly population in New York State. The American society is undergoing a major demographic transformation that is resulting in a greater percentage of older individuals in the population. In addition to demographic changes, recent travel surveys show that an increasing number of older individuals are licensed to drive and that they drive more than their same age cohort did a decade ago. Cohort differences in driving are particularly apparent - not only are more of today's elderly population licensed to drive than their age cohort two decades ago, they also drive more. Equally important are the increase in immigration and in racial and cultural diversity. This report also discusses vehicle availability, socioeconomic characteristics, travel trends (e.g., miles travelled, distance driven, commute patterns), and the transportation accessibility of these populations. Specifically, this report addresses in detail the travel behavior of the following special populations: (1) the elderly, defined as those who were 65 years old or older, (2) low-income households, (3) ethnic groups and immigrants, and (4) those who worked at home.
Hu, Patricia S [ORNL; Reuscher, Tim [ORNL
Quantum Shock Waves and Domain Walls in the Real-Time Dynamics of a Superfluid Unitary Fermi Gas
We show that in the collision of two superfluid fermionic atomic clouds one observes the formation of quantum shock waves as discontinuities in the number density and collective flow velocity. Domain walls, which are topological excitations of the superfluid order parameter, are also generated and exhibit abrupt phase changes by $\\pi$ and slower motion than the shock waves. The domain walls are distinct from the gray soliton train or number density ripples formed in the wake of the shock waves and observed in the collisions of superfluid bosonic atomic clouds. Domain walls with opposite phase jumps appear to collide elastically.
Aurel Bulgac; Yuan-Lung; Luo; Kenneth J. Roche
We show that in the collision of two superfluid fermionic atomic clouds one observes the formation of quantum shock waves as discontinuities in the number density and collective flow velocity. Domain walls, which are topological excitations of the superfluid order parameter, are also generated and exhibit abrupt phase changes by $\\pi$ and slower motion than the shock waves. The domain walls are distinct from the gray soliton train or number density ripples formed in the wake of the shock waves and observed in the collisions of superfluid bosonic atomic clouds. Domain walls with opposite phase jumps collide elastically.
Bulgac, Aurel; Luo, Yuan-Lung; Roche, Kenneth J.
Lee Wave Vertical Structure Monitoring Using Height�Time Analysis of VHF?ST Radar Vertical Velocity Data
The strong lee wave event of intensive observation period 3 (14�15 October 1990) of the Pyrenean experiment was studied using a single VHF stratospheric�tropospheric radar installed 35 km downstream from the Pyrenean chain axis. This instrument ...
Jean-Luc Caccia
www.elsevier.com/locate/trc Willingness to pay for travel information
Improved travel information received via electronic sources can inform people about travel conditions and help them make travel decisions. The personal benefits of high quality travel information may motivate individuals to pay for information. This study analyzes travelers� willingness to pay for better quality information received from a traveler information system offered through a public�private partnership in the San Francisco Bay Area. The data were collected in 1997 through a computer-aided telephone interview of individuals who called traveler advisory telephone system (TATS) and were willing to be interviewed (N 511). The survey results indicate that the average number of times per month the respondents called TATS was 4.80 (TATS was a free service at the time). The average use of the system would decline if the service was not improved but a service charge was initiated. People indicated that they were more willing to pay for a customized service. The impacts of travel information, travel context and socioeconomic variables on willingness to pay for information were analyzed by estimating a random-effects negative binomial regression model of revealed and stated TATS calling frequency. The results indicate that customized travel information, longer trips, worktrips, and listening to radio trafficreports are associated with higher TATS calling frequency and with greater willingness to pay for information. Overall, the consumer response to
Asad J. Khattak A; Youngbin Yim
Evaluation of an Urban Travel Training for Older Adults
of life. Travel training programs designed to increaseevaluation of a travel training program that educated olderservices. Travel training programs that instruct older
Babka, Rhianna JoIris; Cooper, Jill F.; Ragland, David R.
DOE Tribal Leader Solar Energy Forum - Travel Fact Sheet | Department...
Tribal Leader Solar Energy Forum - Travel Fact Sheet DOE Tribal Leader Solar Energy Forum - Travel Fact Sheet Travel Fact Sheet Palm Springs Dec 2011.pdf More Documents &...
Traveling Between Iranian and American Identities
D aily life in Shiraz, Iran Traveling Between Iranian andpudding (samanu) symbolic of Iran�s 2000-year-old culturalwriters and my travels to Iran during the past summer. As an
Pazargadi, Leila
A Time Bucket Formulation for the TSP with Time Windows
Nov 10, 2009 ... The Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows (TSPTW) is the problem of finding a ... To obtain a good partition of the time windows, we.
Minimum variational principles for time-harmonic waves in a dissipative medium and associated variational principles of Hashin--Shtrikman type
Minimization variational principles for linear elastodynamic, acoustic, or electromagnetic time-harmonic waves in dissipative media were obtained by Milton, Seppecher and Bouchitt\\'e generalizing the quasistatic variational principles of Cherkaev and Gibiansky. Here a further generalization is made to allow for a much wider variety of boundary conditions, and in particular Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. In addition minimization or maximization principles of the Hashin-Shtrikman type, incorporating "polarization fields", are developed.
Graeme W. Milton; John R. Willis
Plasma Colloquium Travel Grant Program
OAK B188 Plasma Colloquium Travel Grant Program. The purpose of the Travel Grant Program is to increase the awareness of plasma research. The new results and techniques of plasma research in fusion plasmas, plasma processing space plasmas, basic plasma science, etc, have broad applicability throughout science. The benefits of these results are limited by the relatively low awareness and appreciation of plasma research in the larger scientific community. Whereas spontaneous interactions between plasma scientists and other scientists are useful, a focused effort in education and outreach to other scientists is efficient and is needed. The academic scientific community is the initial focus of this effort, since that permits access to a broad cross-section of scientists and future scientists including undergraduates, graduate students, faculty, and research staff.
Hazeltine, R.D.
Unimodal wave trains and solitons in convex FPU chains
We consider atomic chains with nearest neighbour interactions and study periodic and homoclinic travelling waves which are called wave trains and solitons, respectively. Our main result is a new existence proof which relies on the constrained maximisation of the potential energy and exploits the invariance properties of an improvement operator. The approach is restricted to convex interaction potentials but refines the standard results as it provides the existence of travelling waves with unimodal and even profile functions. Moreover, we discuss the numerical approximation and complete localization of wave trains, and show that wave trains converge to solitons when the periodicity length tends to infinity.
Michael Herrmann
New York Household Travel Patterns: A Comparison Analysis
In 1969, the U. S. Department of Transportation began collecting detailed data on personal travel to address various transportation planning issues. These issues range from assessing transportation investment programs to developing new technologies to alleviate congestion. This 1969 survey was the birth of the Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS). The survey was conducted again in 1977, 1983, 1990 and 1995. Longer-distance travel was collected in 1977 and 1995. In 2001, the survey was renamed to the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) and collected both daily and longer-distance trips in one survey. In addition to the number of sample households that the national NPTS/NHTS survey allotted to New York State (NYS), the state procured an additional sample of households in both the 1995 and 2001 surveys. In the 1995 survey, NYS procured an addition sample of more than 9,000 households, increasing the final NY NPTS sample size to a total of 11,004 households. Again in 2001, NYS procured 12,000 additional sample households, increasing the final New York NHTS sample size to a total of 13,423 households with usable data. These additional sample households allowed NYS to address transportation planning issues pertinent to geographic areas significantly smaller than for what the national NPTS and NHTS data are intended. Specifically, these larger sample sizes enable detailed analysis of twelve individual Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs). Furthermore, they allowed NYS to address trends in travel behavior over time. In this report, travel data for the entire NYS were compared to those of the rest of the country with respect to personal travel behavior and key travel determinants. The influence of New York City (NYC) data on the comparisons of the state of New York to the rest of the country was also examined. Moreover, the analysis examined the relationship between population density and travel patterns, and the similarities and differences among New York MPOs. The 1995 and 2001 survey data make it possible to examine and identify travel trends over time. This report does not address, however, the causes of the differences and/or trends.
Understanding the differences in the development and use of advanced traveler information systems for vehicles (ATIS/V) in the U.S., Germany, and Japan
Traffic congestion is becoming a serious problem. As a solution, advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) mitigate traffic congestion by providing real-time traffic information to travelers. ATIS includes various ...
Sugawara, Yoshihiko
Modeling the Propagation, Breaking and Drift of Ocean Surface Wave
A new model other than the classical ones given by Airy, Stokes and Gerstner for the ocean surface wave is constructed. It leads to new understandings for the wave mechanisms: (1) A wave with bigger amplitude or smaller steepness travels faster; (2) The wave breaks when the front angle is bigger than 46.3 degree; (3) The magnitude of the wave drift should be smaller than that of the known Stokes drift.
Jin-Liang Wang
... Train - Amtrak runs to the Rockville and Union Station stops, from which you can get on the Metro and take the Red line to Shady Grove, from which ...
Linear water waves with vorticity: rotational features and particle paths
Steady linear gravity waves of small amplitude travelling on a current of constant vorticity are found. For negative vorticity we show the appearance of internal waves and vortices, wherein the particle trajectories are not any more closed ellipses. For positive vorticity the situation resembles that of Stokes waves, but for large vorticity the trajectories are affected.
Mats Ehrnstrom; Gabriele Villari
TerraPower Traveling Wave Reactor: Design and Development Status...
Aug 28 2013 09:00 AM - 10:00 AM Pat Schweiger, TerraPower, LLC, Bellevue, Washington Reactor and Nuclear Systems Division Seminar ORNL Conference Center (Bldg. 5200), TN Rm...
Traveling-Wave Thermoacoustic Engines With Internal Combustion
Thermoacoustic devices are disclosed wherein, for some embodiments, a combustion zone provides heat to a regenerator using a mean flow of compressible fluid. In other embodiments, burning of a combustible mixture within the combustion zone is pulsed in phase with the acoustic pressure oscillations to increase acoustic power output. In an example embodiment, the combustion zone and the regenerator are thermally insulated from other components within the thermoacoustic device.
Weiland, Nathan Thomas (Blacksburg, VA); Zinn, Ben T. (Atlanta, GA); Swift, Gregory William (Sante Fe, NM)
Trapped electron losses by interactions with coherent VLF waves
VLF whistler waves from lightning enter the magnetosphere and cause the precipitation of energetic trapped electrons by pitch angle scattering. These events, known as Lightning-induced Electron Precipitation (LEP) have been detected by satellite and rocket instruments and by perturbations of VLF waves traveling in the earth-ionosphere waveguide. Detailed comparison of precipitating electron energy spectra and time dependence are in general agreement with calculations of trapped electron interactions with ducted whistler waves. In particular the temporal structure of the precipitation and the dynamic energy spectra of the electrons confirm this interpretation of the phenomena. There are discrepancies between observed and measured electron flux intensities and pitch angle distributions, but these quantities are sensitive to unknown wave intensities and trapped particle fluxes near the loss cone angle. The overall effect of lightning generated VLF waves on the lifetime of trapped electrons is still uncertain. The flux of electrons deflected into the bounce loss cone by a discrete whistler wave has been measured in a few cases. However, the area of the precipitation region is not known, and thus the total number of electrons lost in an LEP event can only be estimated. While the LEP events are dramatic, more important effects on trapped electrons may arise from the small but numerous deflections which increase the pitch angle diffusion rate of the electron population. {copyright} {ital 1996 American Institute of Physics.}
Walt, M.; Inan, U.S. [Space, Telecommunications and Radioscience Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California (United States); Voss, H.D. [Lockheed Missiles and Space Co. (United States)
Statistics of Extreme Waves in Random Media
Waves traveling through random media exhibit random focusing that leads to extremely high wave intensities even in the absence of nonlinearities. Although such extreme events are present in a wide variety of physical systems and the statistics of the highest waves is important for their analysis and forecast, it remains poorly understood in particular in the regime where the waves are highest. We suggest a new approach that greatly simplifies the mathematical analysis and calculate the scaling and the distribution of the highest waves valid for a wide range of parameters.
Jakob J. Metzger; Ragnar Fleischmann; Theo Geisel
Greenhouse Earth: A Traveling Exhibition
The Franklin Institute Science Museum provided an exhibit entitled the Greenhouse Earth: A Traveling Exhibition. This 3500 square-foot exhibit on global climate change was developed in collaboration with the Association of Science-Technology Centers. The exhibit opened at The Franklin Institute on February 14, 1992, welcoming 291,000 visitors over its three-month stay. During its three-year tour, Greenhouse Earth will travel to ten US cities, reaching two million visitors. Greenhouse Earth aims to deepen public understanding of the scientific issues of global warming and the conservation measures that can be taken to slow its effects. The exhibit features hands-on exhibitry, interactive computer programs and videos, a theater production, a demonstration cart,'' guided tours, and lectures. supplemental educational programs at the Institute included a teachers preview, a symposium on climate change, and a satellite field trip.'' The development of Greenhouse Earth included front-end and formative evaluation procedures. Evaluation includes interviews with visitors, prototypes, and summative surveys for participating museums. During its stay in Philadelphia, Greenhouse Earth was covered by the local and national press, with reviews in print and broadcast media. Greenhouse Earth is the first large-scale museum exhibit to address global climate change.
Booth, W.H.; Caesar, S.
Is Interstellar Space Travel Possible?
It is shown that space travel, even in the most distant future, will remain confined to our own planetary system, and a similar conclusion will hold forth for any other civilization, no matter how advanced it might be, unless those extra-terrestrial species have life spans order of magnitude longer than ours. Even in such a case it is unlikely that they will travel much farther than their immediate stellar neighbourhood, as each such excursion will exhaust the resources of their home planet so much that those will dwindle rather fast and there might not be much left for the further scientific and technological advancements. So the science-fiction fancy of a "Galactic Empire" may ever remain in our fantasies only. And as for the mythical UFOs, whose quiet appearances do get reported in the press once in a while, recent explorations have shown no evidence that any such thing could have an origination within our own solar system itself. And a "quiet trip" back and forth from a distant star is almost impossible a...
Singal, Tanmay
Two-dimensional Vlasov simulation of electron plasma wave trapping, wavefront bowing, self-focusing, and sideloss
Two-dimensional Vlasov simulations of nonlinear electron plasma waves are presented, in which the interplay of linear and nonlinear kinetic effects is evident. The plasma wave is created with an external traveling wave potential with a transverse envelope of width {Delta}y such that thermal electrons transit the wave in a ''sideloss'' time, t{sub sl{approx}{Delta}}y/v{sub e}. Here, v{sub e} is the electron thermal velocity. The quasisteady distribution of trapped electrons and its self-consistent plasma wave are studied after the external field is turned off. In cases of particular interest, the bounce frequency, {omega}{sub be}=k{radical}(e{phi}/m{sub e}), satisfies the trapping condition {omega}{sub be}t{sub sl}>2{pi} such that the wave frequency is nonlinearly downshifted by an amount proportional to the number of trapped electrons. Here, k is the wavenumber of the plasma wave and {phi} is its electric potential. For sufficiently short times, the magnitude of the negative frequency shift is a local function of {phi}. Because the trapping frequency shift is negative, the phase of the wave on axis lags the off-axis phase if the trapping nonlinearity dominates linear wave diffraction. In this case, the phasefronts are curved in a focusing sense. In the opposite limit, the phasefronts are curved in a defocusing sense. Analysis and simulations in which the wave amplitude and transverse width are varied establish criteria for the development of each type of wavefront. The damping and trapped-electron-induced focusing of the finite-amplitude electron plasma wave are also simulated. The damping rate of the field energy of the wave is found to be about the sideloss rate, {nu}{sub e{approx}}t{sub sl}{sup -1}. For large wave amplitudes or widths {Delta}y, a trapping-induced self-focusing of the wave is demonstrated.
Banks, J. W.; Berger, R. L.; Cohen, B. I.; Hittinger, J. A. F. [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551 (United States); Brunner, S. [Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne (Switzerland)
Wave Dragon
Overtopping Wave Devices Wave Dragon ApSLtd HWETTEI - Workshop October 26-28, 2005, Washington, DC Hydrokinetic Technologies Technical and Environmental Issues Workshop the Wave...
2003 TMS Annual Meeting: Travel Information
This service accesses all major airlines and Amtrak. Public buses, trolleys, and coasters provide transportation throughout the city and county with travel to and�...
Structural Equation Modeling For Travel Behavior Research
variables. However, car usage was found to be complementaryconcerning reductions in car usage, and feelings related toPre-commitment and usage: Season tickets, cars and travel.
Structural Equation Modeling for Travel Behavior Research
Travel Resources | National Nuclear Security Administration
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Travel Resources Home > About Us > Our Programs > Defense Programs > Future Science & Technology Programs > Office of Advanced Simulation and Computing Institutional Research...
Nov 5, 2009 ... Abstract: The Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows (TSPTW) is the problem of finding a minimum-cost path visiting a set of cities�...
Tube-wave seismic imaging
The detailed analysis of cross well seismic data for a gas reservoir in Texas revealed two newly detected seismic wave effects, recorded approximately 2000 feet above the reservoir. A tube-wave (150) is initiated in a source well (110) by a source (111), travels in the source well (110), is coupled to a geological feature (140), propagates (151) through the geological feature (140), is coupled back to a tube-wave (152) at a receiver well (120), and is and received by receiver(s) (121) in either the same (110) or a different receiving well (120). The tube-wave has been shown to be extremely sensitive to changes in reservoir characteristics. Tube-waves appear to couple most effectively to reservoirs where the well casing is perforated, allowing direct fluid contact from the interior of a well case to the reservoir.
Korneev, Valeri A [LaFayette, CA
Korneev, Valeri A. (Lafayette, CA); Bakulin, Andrey (Houston, TX)
Non-Motorized Travel Study.pub
Motorized Travel Study: Motorized Travel Study: Identifying Factors that Influence Communities to Walk and Bike and to Examine Why, or Why Not, Travelers Walk and Bike in Their Communities Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725 Research Areas Freight Flows Passenger Flows Supply Chain Efficiency Transportation: Energy Environment Safety Security Vehicle Technologies Research Brief T he idea of livable communities suggests that people should have the option to utilize non-motorized travel (NMT), specifically walking and bicycling, to conduct their daily tasks. Forecasting personal travel by walk and bike is necessary as part of regional transportation planning, and requires fine
Hamiltonian Graphs and the Traveling Salesman Problem
A new characterization of Hamiltonian graphs using f-cutset matrix is proposed. A new exact polynomial time algorithm for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) based on this new characterization is developed. We then define so called ordered weighted adjacency list for given weighted complete graph and proceed to the main result of the paper, namely, the exact algorithm based on utilization of ordered weighted adjacency list and the simple properties that any path or circuit must satisfy. This algorithm performs checking of sub-lists, containing (p-1) entries (edge pairs) for paths and p entries (edge pairs) for circuits, chosen from ordered adjacency list in a well defined sequence to determine exactly the shortest Hamiltonian path and shortest Hamiltonian circuit in a weighted complete graph of p vertices. The procedure has intrinsic advantage of landing on the desired solution in quickest possible time and even in worst case in polynomial time. A new characterization of shortest Hamiltonian tour for a weighted complete graph satisfying triangle inequality (i.e. for tours passing through every city on a realistic map of cities where cities can be taken as points on a Euclidean plane) is also proposed. Finally, we discuss a novel classical algorithm for unstructured search and its effect on any of the NP-Complete problems.
Dhananjay P. Mehendale
be utilized whenever possible for airline, train or bus tickets as well as hotel accommodations and car Reimbursements Ticketing Hotel Reservations Meals Travel by Car Travel by Private Airplane Travel Advances
Maryland, Baltimore County, University of
Air time : another measure of the quality of passenger service
The proposal of a new metric called "Air Time" and its various components, show the advantage of having a broader perspective of the travel process of airline passengers. Travel time is basically affected by three different ...
Blake Betancourt, Juan Jamie
Professional Preface, 8 (2): Traveling to Seattle! - TMS
Traveling to Seattle! TMS and its technical divisions are proud to again offer the Student Travel Scholarship Program. Three technical divisions, Electronic,�...
Secretary Chu and Energy Department Officials to Travel Across...
Travel Across America to Discuss the Obama Administration's Commitment to Energy Innovation and Manufacturing Secretary Chu and Energy Department Officials to Travel Across America...
Rebound 2007: Analysis of U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle Travel Statistics
U.S. national time series data on vehicle travel by passenger cars and light trucks covering the period 1966 2007 are used to test for the existence, size and stability of the rebound effect for motor vehicle fuel efficiency on vehicle travel. The data show a statistically significant effect of gasoline price on vehicle travel but do not support the existence of a direct impact of fuel efficiency on vehicle travel. Additional tests indicate that fuel price effects have not been constant over time, although the hypothesis of symmetry with respect to price increases and decreases is not rejected. Small and Van Dender (2007) model of a declining rebound effect with income is tested and similar results are obtained.
Greene, David L [ORNL
Simulation of anisotropic wave propagation in Vertical Seismic Profiles
The influence of elastic anisotropy on seismic wave propagation is often neglected for the sake of simplicity. However, ignoring anisotropy may lead to significant errors in the processing of seismic data and ultimately in a poor image of the subsurface. This is especially true in wide-aperture Vertical Seismic Profiles where waves travel both vertically and horizontally. Anisotropy has been neglected in wavefront construction methods of seismic ray-tracing until Gibson (2000), who showed they are powerful tools to simulate seismic wave propagation in three-dimensional anisotropic subsurface models. The code is currently under development using a C++ object oriented programming approach because it provides high flexibility in the design of new components and facilitates debugging and maintenance of a complex algorithm. So far, the code was used to simulate propagation in homogeneous or simple heterogeneous anisotropic velocity models mainly designed for testing purposes. In particular, it has never been applied to simulate a field dataset. We propose here an analytical method involving little algebra and that allows the design of realistic heterogeneous anisotropic models using the C++ object oriented programming approach. The new model class can model smooth multi-layered subsurface with gradients or models with many dip variations. It has been used to model first arrival times of a wide-aperture VSP dataset from the Gulf of Mexico to estimate the amount of anisotropy. The proposed velocity model is transversely isotropic. The anisotropy is constant throughout the model and is defined via Thomsen's parameters. Values in the final model are epsilon = 0.055 and delta = -0.115. The model is compatible with the a priori knowledge of the local geology and reduces the RMS average time difference between measured and computed travel times by 51% in comparison to the initial isotropic model. These values are realistic and are similar to other measurements of anisotropy in the Gulf of Mexico.
Durussel, Vincent Bernard
Impulsive waves in de Sitter and anti-de Sitter space-times generated by null particles with an arbitrary multipole structure
We describe a class of impulsive gravitational waves which propagate either in a de Sitter or an anti-de Sitter background. They are conformal to impulsive waves of Kundt's class. In a background with positive cosmological constant they are spherical (but non-expanding) waves generated by pairs of particles with arbitrary multipole structure propagating in opposite directions. When the cosmological constant is negative, they are hyperboloidal waves generated by a null particle of the same type. In this case, they are included in the impulsive limit of a class of solutions described by Siklos that are conformal to pp-waves.
J Podolsky; J B Griffiths
Errors in determination of soil water content using time-domain reflectometry caused by soil compaction around wave guides
Application of time domain reflectometry (TDR) in soil hydrology often involves the conversion of TDR-measured dielectric permittivity to water content using universal calibration equations (empirical or physically based). Deviations of soil-specific calibrations from the universal calibrations have been noted and are usually attributed to peculiar composition of soil constituents, such as high content of clay and/or organic matter. Although it is recognized that soil disturbance by TDR waveguides may have impact on measurement errors, to our knowledge, there has not been any quantification of this effect. In this paper, we introduce a method that estimates this error by combining two models: one that describes soil compaction around cylindrical objects and another that translates change in bulk density to evolution of soil water retention characteristics. Our analysis indicates that the compaction pattern depends on the mechanical properties of the soil at the time of installation. The relative error in water content measurement depends on the compaction pattern as well as the water content and water retention properties of the soil. Illustrative calculations based on measured soil mechanical and hydrologic properties from the literature indicate that the measurement errors of using a standard three-prong TDR waveguide could be up to 10%. We also show that the error scales linearly with the ratio of rod radius to the interradius spacing.
Ghezzehei, T.A.
Travel Resources | National Nuclear Security Administration Travel Resources | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog The National Nuclear Security Administration Travel Resources Home > About Us > Our Programs > Defense Programs > Future Science & Technology Programs > Office of Advanced Simulation and Computing and Institutional R&D Programs > Russia Tri-Lab S&T Collaborations > Travel
'Fun with Science' travels north to Alaska
312science 12132012 'Fun with Science' travels north to Alaska Linda A Lucchetti, LLNL, (925) 422-5815, firstname.lastname@example.com Printer-friendly Students in Noorvik, Alaska...
TrojanTravel2014 Mystical Bhutan
SCierge Service .....24 Attention Crystal Cruisers ..............24 University Travel Disclaimer ............ 25 in russia's Far east and the Aleutian Islands. our other trips include an Amazon river cruise, a month
Zhou, Chongwu
The domestic travel sector in China
China is already the largest domestic tourism market in the world. Chinese citizens made as many as 800 million overnight domestic trips in 2005. While travel is not a new concept in China, the disposable income they wield, ...
Anders, Jeff, M.B.A. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2002 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition: Travel Information
It is one of five stops along the electric bus tunnel that serves downtown Seattle. ... Washington State Convention & Trade Center (~1.11 Mb); Sheraton Seattle ... These special rates are applicable for travel from the continental United States.
Travel and Electricity Demand Analysis of Potential U.S. High-Speed Rail and Maglev Corridors
Highway and air travel continue to increase steadily every year, with the number of air flights growing almost three times faster than automobile trips. High-speed rail trains and magnetically levitated vehicles can potentially provide viable intercity travel alternatives to airplanes and automobiles. This report assesses the possible ridership and the potential electrical loads created by these high-speed ground transportation systems.
Chapter 3. Vehicle-Miles Traveled
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
3. Vehicle-Miles Traveled 3. Vehicle-Miles Traveled Chapter 3. Vehicle-Miles Traveled Vehicle-miles traveled--the number of miles that residential vehicles are driven--is probably the most important information collected by the Residential Transportation Energy Consumption Survey. Using the data on vehicle-miles traveled allows analysts to answer such questions as: "Are minivans driven more than passenger cars?" "Do people in the West drive more than people elsewhere?" "Do people conserve their new cars by driving them less?" "Who drives more--people in households with children, or other people?" "At what ages do people drive the most?" "How does growing income affect the amount of driving?" In addition to answering those kinds of questions, analysts also use the number of vehicle-miles traveled to compute estimated, on-road vehicle fuel consumption, economy, and expenditures, all of which have important implications for U.S. energy policy and national security (see Chapter 4).
Radiation waves can be detected by simultaneously measuring radiation- wave intensities at a plurality of space-distributed points and producing therefrom a plot of the wave intensity as a function of time. To this end. a detector system is provided which includes a plurality of nuclear radiation intensity detectors spaced at equal radial increments of distance from a source of nuclear radiation. Means are provided to simultaneously sensitize the detectors at the instant a wave of radiation traverses their positions. the detectors producing electrical pulses indicative of wave intensity. The system further includes means for delaying the pulses from the detectors by amounts proportional to the distance of the detectors from the source to provide an indication of radiation-wave intensity as a function of time.
Wouters, L.F.
DOE O 551.1D, Official Foreign Travel
Directives, Delegations, and Requirements
The order establishes requirements and responsibilities governing official foreign travel by Federal and contractor employees.
Dogs and Time
Question: I travel often and worry how leaving for long periods of time (and boarding my dog) will affect her. I wouldn't think that dogs could understand the concept of...
A tapering window for time-domain templates and simulated signals in the detection of gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries
Inspiral signals from binary black holes, in particular those with masses in the range $10M_\\odot \\lsim M \\lsim 1000 M_\\odot,$ may last for only a few cycles within a detector's most sensitive frequency band. The spectrum of a square-windowed time-domain signal could contain unwanted power that can cause problems in gravitational wave data analysis, particularly when the waveforms are of short duration. There may be leakage of power into frequency bins where no such power is expected, causing an excess of false alarms. We present a method of tapering the time-domain waveforms that significantly reduces unwanted leakage of power, leading to a spectrum that agrees very well with that of a long duration signal. Our tapered window also decreases the false alarms caused by instrumental and environmental transients that are picked up by templates with spurious signal power. The suppression of background is an important goal in noise-dominated searches and can lead to an improvement in the detection efficiency of the search algorithms.
D. J. A. McKechan; C. Robinson; B. S. Sathyaprakash
Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Employee Travel Policy
Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center (EERE)
State Employee Travel State Employee Travel Policy to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Employee Travel Policy on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Employee Travel Policy on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Employee Travel Policy on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Employee Travel Policy on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Employee Travel Policy on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Employee Travel Policy on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search All Laws & Incentives Sorted by Type State Employee Travel Policy All state agencies and institutions must develop and adopt travel policies that include strategies to reduce petroleum consumption, such as carpooling
Identify Strategies to Reduce Business Travel for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
Strategies to Reduce Business Travel for Greenhouse Gas Strategies to Reduce Business Travel for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Identify Strategies to Reduce Business Travel for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation October 7, 2013 - 1:34pm Addthis YOU ARE HERE The tables below illustrate some of the more common strategies that can enable employees to travel less and travel more efficiently for business. The "Purpose of Travel" analysis in the previous step can be used with the guidance below to help determine what type of trips may be most appropriately substituted with each business travel alternative. Table 1. Strategies that Enable Employees to Travel Less Business Travel Strategy Best Potential Application Best Practices Web meetings/webinars, including option for video Purpose of travel: training, conferences.
Characteristics of Travellers from Bosnia and Herzegovina to Africa
Introduction: Travellers from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) travel to different world countries. The awareness of people is changing every day and nowadays travellers seek advices related to their travel and destination more often than before. In the previous years, travellers came to Travel Clinics almost only to get the vaccines which were obligatory for entry into a country. In B&H travel clinics are a part of public health institutes. The largest Travel Clinic which provides service for the highest number of travellers is in the Public Health Institute of Sarajevo Canton, in the city of Sarajevo, which is the capital of B&H. In the last years we have seen an increasing interest for travel to Africa because the highest number of
unknown authors
Dual output acoustic wave sensor for molecular identification
The invention comprises a method for the identification and quantification of sorbed chemical species onto a coating of a device capable of generating and receiving an acoustic wave, by measuring the changes in the velocity of the acoustic wave resulting from the sorption of the chemical species into the coating as the wave travels through the coating and by measuring the changes in the attenuation of an acoustic wave resulting from the sorption of the chemical species into the coating as the wave travels through the coating. The inventive method further correlates the magnitudes of the changes of velocity with respect to changes of the attenuation of the acoustic wave to identify the sorbed chemical species. The absolute magnitudes of the velocity changes or the absolute magnitude of the attenuation changes are used to determine the concentration of the identified chemical species.
Frye, G.C.; Martin, S.J.
About Carlson Wagonlit Travel (CWT) CWT is a global leader specialized in managing business travel and
AT&T network for consistent, high-quality voice and data communication. Home-based travel counselors&T remote access service connects home-based travel counselors to the CWT global network · Business Value Reliable connections enable cost-effective, customer- pleasing home-based work while handling traffic
Greenberg, Albert
Transferring 2001 National Household Travel Survey
Policy makers rely on transportation statistics, including data on personal travel behavior, to formulate strategic transportation policies, and to improve the safety and efficiency of the U.S. transportation system. Data on personal travel trends are needed to examine the reliability, efficiency, capacity, and flexibility of the Nation's transportation system to meet current demands and to accommodate future demand. These data are also needed to assess the feasibility and efficiency of alternative congestion-mitigating technologies (e.g., high-speed rail, magnetically levitated trains, and intelligent vehicle and highway systems); to evaluate the merits of alternative transportation investment programs; and to assess the energy-use and air-quality impacts of various policies. To address these data needs, the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) initiated an effort in 1969 to collect detailed data on personal travel. The 1969 survey was the first Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS). The survey was conducted again in 1977, 1983, 1990, 1995, and 2001. Data on daily travel were collected in 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990 and 1995. In 2001, the survey was renamed the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) and it collected both daily and long-distance trips. The 2001 survey was sponsored by three USDOT agencies: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The primary objective of the survey was to collect trip-based data on the nature and characteristics of personal travel so that the relationships between the characteristics of personal travel and the demographics of the traveler can be established. Commercial and institutional travel were not part of the survey. Due to the survey's design, data in the NHTS survey series were not recommended for estimating travel statistics for categories smaller than the combination of Census division (e.g., New England, Middle Atlantic, and Pacific), MSA size, and the availability of rail. Extrapolating NHTS data within small geographic areas could risk developing and subsequently using unreliable estimates. For example, if a planning agency in City X of State Y estimates travel rates and other travel characteristics based on survey data collected from NHTS sample households that were located in City X of State Y, then the agency could risk developing and using unreliable estimates for their planning process. Typically, this limitation significantly increases as the size of an area decreases. That said, the NHTS contains a wealth of information that could allow statistical inferences about small geographic areas, with a pre-determined level of statistical certainty. The question then becomes whether a method can be developed that integrates the NHTS data and other data to estimate key travel characteristics for small geographic areas such as Census tract and transportation analysis zone, and whether this method can outperform other, competing methods.
Hu, Patricia S [ORNL; Reuscher, Tim [ORNL; Schmoyer, Richard L [ORNL; Chin, Shih-Miao [ORNL
Nano Portfolio student travel award guidelines 1. Travel grants will be made up to $1,000 for conference travel, including
Nano Portfolio student travel award guidelines 1. Travel grants will be made up to $1 for either a poster or oral presentation at the conference. 6. The research to be presented must be nano will not be considered. 10.Travel awards will be decided by a committee of CNM-affiliated faculty. #12;Nano Portfolio
Ben-Yakar, Adela
Nano Portfolio student travel award guidelines 1. Travel grants will be made up to $1. The research to be presented must be nano-related. 7. The award cannot be used to subsidize conference travel: ____________________________ Department: ___________________ Years in graduate school: __________________ Years in Nano Doctoral Por
Wave Breaking Dissipation in the Wave-Driven Ocean Circulation
If wave breaking modifies the Lagrangian fluid paths by inducing an uncertainty in the orbit itself and this uncertainty on wave motion time scales is observable as additive noise, it is shown that within the context of a wave�current interaction ...
Juan M. Restrepo
Cycloidal Wave Energy Converter
This program allowed further advancing the development of a novel type of wave energy converter, a Cycloidal Wave Energy Converter or CycWEC. A CycWEC consists of one or more hydrofoils rotating around a central shaft, and operates fully submerged beneath the water surface. It operates under feedback control sensing the incoming waves, and converts wave power to shaft power directly without any intermediate power take off system. Previous research consisting of numerical simulations and two dimensional small 1:300 scale wave flume experiments had indicated wave cancellation efficiencies beyond 95%. The present work was centered on construction and testing of a 1:10 scale model and conducting two testing campaigns in a three dimensional wave basin. These experiments allowed for the first time for direct measurement of electrical power generated as well as the interaction of the CycWEC in a three dimensional environment. The Atargis team successfully conducted two testing campaigns at the Texas A&M Offshore Technology Research Center and was able to demonstrate electricity generation. In addition, three dimensional wave diffraction results show the ability to achieve wave focusing, thus increasing the amount of wave power that can be extracted beyond what was expected from earlier two dimensional investigations. Numerical results showed wave cancellation efficiencies for irregular waves to be on par with results for regular waves over a wide range of wave lengths. Using the results from previous simulations and experiments a full scale prototype was designed and its performance in a North Atlantic wave climate of average 30kW/m of wave crest was estimated. A full scale WEC with a blade span of 150m will deliver a design power of 5MW at an estimated levelized cost of energy (LCOE) in the range of 10-17 US cents per kWh. Based on the new results achieved in the 1:10 scale experiments these estimates appear conservative and the likely performance at full scale will exceed this initial performance estimates. In advancing the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of this type of wave energy converter from 3 to 4, we find the CycWEC to exceed our initial estimates in terms of hydrodynamic performance. Once fully developed and optimized, it has the potential to not just outperform all other WEC technologies, but to also deliver power at a lower LCOE than competing conventional renewables like wind and solar. Given the large wave power resource both domestically and internationally, this technology has the potential to lead to a large improvement in our ability to produce clean electricity at affordable cost.
Stefan G. Siegel, Ph.D.
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Planning for Business Travel | Department of
Business Travel Business Travel Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Planning for Business Travel October 7, 2013 - 1:20pm Addthis Business travel is among the largest sources of Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions accounted for by Federal agencies. For some agencies, business travel can represent up to 60% of Scope 3 emissions, but represents about 20% of Scope 3 emissions for the Federal sector as whole. While other emissions categories have been the focus of efficiency improvements for several years, few agencies have been actively planning to manage business travel for GHG reduction purposes. Travel management due to budgetary constraints has typically been more common for Federal agencies in the past. Because air travel emissions are the biggest source of travel emissions for most agencies, this guidance focuses on planning for
Road less traveled vital to operational success
PNNL's Monthly Economic Diversity column for the Tri-City Herald Business section. Excerpt follows: Things aren't always what they seem. Sometimes the path less traveled--although it can be exhausting if not scary to think about navigating its unknowns--really is the best way to go. And not just because Robert Frost said so. Patric Sazama, Regional Project Director for Impact Washington, would agree as well. He recently spoke to the Three Rivers Entrepreneur Network about achieving operational success by addressing the less tangible elements of an organization, the company's own less traveled path.
Madison, Alison L.
Modulation of the Diurnal Cycle of Warm-Season Precipitation by Short-Wave Troughs
Traveling deep tropospheric disturbances of wavelengths ~1500 km (short waves) have long been known to play an important role in the initiation and maintenance of warm-season convection. To date, relatively few studies have formally documented the ...
John D. Tuttle; Chris A. Davis
Developing a Total Travel Time Performance Measure A Concept Paper
that can be used to target improvements for future versions of the measure. Background Transportation and David Schrank Texas Transportation Institute (TTI) For Mobility Measurement in Urban Transportation the supply and demand for transportation services. Land use pattern and density are also used to provide
Space�Time Description of Nonstationary Trapped Lee Waves Using ST Radars, Aircraft, and Constant Volume Balloons during the PYREX Experiment
The third intensive observation period (IOP3) of PYREX was a case of strong lee waves generated by a southerly wind crossing the Pyrenees chain. Upstream radiosounds and measurements obtained by aircraft along the chain transect and by constant ...
J-L. Caccia; B. Benech; V. Klaus
Time--Distance Helioseismology Data Analysis Pipeline for Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/HMI) and Its Initial Results
The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/HMI) provides continuous full-disk observations of solar oscillations. We develop a data-analysis pipeline based on the time-distance helioseismology method to measure acoustic travel times using HMI Doppler-shift observations, and infer solar interior properties by inverting these measurements. The pipeline is used for routine production of near-real-time full-disk maps of subsurface wave-speed perturbations and horizontal flow velocities for depths ranging from 0 to 20 Mm, every eight hours. In addition, Carrington synoptic maps for the subsurface properties are made from these full-disk maps. The pipeline can also be used for selected target areas and time periods. We explain details of the pipeline organization and procedures, including processing of the HMI Doppler observations, measurements of the travel times, inversions, and constructions of the full-disk and synoptic maps. Some initial results from the pipeline, includin...
Zhao, J; Bogart, R S; Parchevsky, K V; Birch, A C; Duvall, T L; Beck, J G; Kosovichev, A G; Scherrer, P H
Wave Energy
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
Wave energy technologies extract energy directly from surface waves or from pressure fluctuations below the surface. Renewable energy analysts believe there is enough energy in ocean waves to provide up to 2 terawatts of electricity. (A terawatt is equal to a trillion watts.)
A neural network for real-time retrievals of PWV and LWP from Arctic millimeter-wave ground-based observations.
This paper presents a new neural network (NN) algorithm for real-time retrievals of low amounts of precipitable water vapor (PWV) and integrated liquid water from millimeter-wave ground-based observations. Measurements are collected by the 183.3-GHz G-band vapor radiometer (GVR) operating at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Climate Research Facility, Barrow, AK. The NN provides the means to explore the nonlinear regime of the measurements and investigate the physical boundaries of the operability of the instrument. A methodology to compute individual error bars associated with the NN output is developed, and a detailed error analysis of the network output is provided. Through the error analysis, it is possible to isolate several components contributing to the overall retrieval errors and to analyze the dependence of the errors on the inputs. The network outputs and associated errors are then compared with results from a physical retrieval and with the ARM two-channel microwave radiometer (MWR) statistical retrieval. When the NN is trained with a seasonal training data set, the retrievals of water vapor yield results that are comparable to those obtained from a traditional physical retrieval, with a retrieval error percentage of {approx}5% when the PWV is between 2 and 10 mm, but with the advantages that the NN algorithm does not require vertical profiles of temperature and humidity as input and is significantly faster computationally. Liquid water path (LWP) retrievals from the NN have a significantly improved clear-sky bias (mean of {approx}2.4 g/m{sup 2}) and a retrieval error varying from 1 to about 10 g/m{sup 2} when the PWV amount is between 1 and 10 mm. As an independent validation of the LWP retrieval, the longwave downwelling surface flux was computed and compared with observations. The comparison shows a significant improvement with respect to the MWR statistical retrievals, particularly for LWP amounts of less than 60 g/m{sup 2}.
Cadeddu, M. P.; Turner, D. D.; Liljegren, J. C.; Decision and Information Sciences; Univ. of Wisconsin at Madison
Advanced Information Techniques And Paratransit Services To Enhance Mobility Of Elderly And Disabled Travelers
Mobility of Elderly and Disabled Travelers: Initial SurveyKEYWORDS elderly and disabled travelers, transit,to Enhance Mobility of Disabled Travelers. Klaver, K, W.
Chen, Wan-Hui; Klaver, Kelley; Uwaine, Rochelle; Jovanis, Paul P.
Implementing Innovation in Planning Practice: The Case of Travel Demand Forecasting
Urban Travel Demand Forecasting Project. Institute ofTRB. Metropolitan Travel Forecasting: Current Practice andPurvis. Regional Travel Forecasting Model System for the San
Newmark, Gregory Louis
Exact solutions to combinatorial optimizations and the traveling baseball fan problem.
?? The traveling baseball fan problem is an extension of the classic traveling salesman problem, in which a sports fan wishes to travel to the� (more)
Terrell, Neal D.
Forecasting 65+ travel : an integration of cohort analysis and travel demand modeling
Over the next 30 years, the Boomers will double the 65+ population in the United States and comprise a new generation of older Americans. This study forecasts the aging Boomers' travel. Previous efforts to forecast 65+ ...
Bush, Sarah, 1973-
Encoding network-constrained travel trajectories using routing algorithms
This study proposes a generic encoder for network-constrained travel trajectories, and it implements two encoders by combining the proposed generic encoder with two routing algorithms, which reduce the size of a travel trajectory's path along ...
Pablo Martinez Lerin; Daisuke Yamamoto; Naohisa Takahashi
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Miles Traveled Tax Feasibility
Vehicle Miles Traveled Vehicle Miles Traveled Tax Feasibility Evaluation to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Miles Traveled Tax Feasibility Evaluation on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Miles Traveled Tax Feasibility Evaluation on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Miles Traveled Tax Feasibility Evaluation on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Miles Traveled Tax Feasibility Evaluation on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Miles Traveled Tax Feasibility Evaluation on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Vehicle Miles Traveled Tax Feasibility Evaluation on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search All Laws & Incentives Sorted by Type
Progress on Water-Wave Theory with Modelling the Dependance of Frequency on Amplitude
It is a pity for the classical wave theories given by Airy, Stokes and Gerstner that there is only one dissipation relation between frequency and wave-number and there is no relation between frequency and amplitude. To crack this open problem, a new water-wave model is constructed. This leads to new understandings on the wave mechanisms: (1) The frequency surely depends on the amplitude; (2) A wave with bigger amplitude or smaller steepness should travel faster; (3) The wave should break when the front angle is bigger than 46.3 degree; (4) The magnitude of the wave drift should be smaller than the one given by Stokes.
Ship Waves and Lee Waves
Three-dimensional internal trapped lee wave modes produced by an isolated obstacle in a stratified fluid are shown to have dynamics analogous to surface ship waves on water of finite depth. Two models which allow for vertical trapping of wave ...
R. D. Sharman; M. G. Wurtele
Microsoft Word - Student Travel Request Form.docx
email@example.com | Fax: (208) 526-8076 | Phone: (208) 526-1336 email@example.com | Fax: (208) 526-8076 | Phone: (208) 526-1336 FELLOWSHIP TRAVEL REQUEST FORM Student Name: _____________________________ Date of Request: _________________________ University: ________________________________ Email Address: ___________________________ Phone: ___________________________________ In-State Travel Out-of-State Travel Event Name: ___________________________________________________________________________ Destination: ___________________________________________________________________________ Justification: ___________________________________________________________________________ *Presentation/Poster Title: _______________________________________________________________ Departure Date: _________________________ Return Date: _________________________
TERMS FOR TRAVEL & EXCHANGE SCHOLARSHIPS As of December 3, 2013
TERMS FOR TRAVEL & EXCHANGE SCHOLARSHIPS As of December 3, 2013 Q:\\Awards\\In-course\\Travel\\2013-14\\Travel Terms.docx Page 1 of 5 The University Senate, acting on behalf of generous benefactors and donors terms attached to individual academic awards. The general conditions and terms have been established
Thompson, Michael
GyPSuM: A Detailed Tomographic Model of Mantle Density and Seismic Wave Speeds
GyPSuM is a tomographic model fo mantle seismic shear wave (S) speeds, compressional wave (P) speeds and detailed density anomalies that drive mantle flow. the model is developed through simultaneous inversion of seismic body wave travel times (P and S) and geodynamic observations while considering realistic mineral physics parameters linking the relative behavior of mantle properties (wave speeds and density). Geodynamic observations include the (up to degree 16) global free-air gravity field, divergence of the tectonic plates, dynamic topography of the free surface, and the flow-induced excess ellipticity of the core-mantle boundary. GyPSuM is built with the philosophy that heterogeneity that most closely resembles thermal variations is the simplest possible solution. Models of the density field from Earth's free oscillations have provided great insight into the density configuration of the mantle; but are limited to very long-wavelength solutions. Alternatively, simply scaling higher resolution seismic images to density anomalies generates density fields that do not satisfy geodynamic observations. The current study provides detailed density structures in the mantle while directly satisfying geodynamic observations through a joint seismic-geodynamic inversion process. Notable density field observations include high-density piles at the base of the superplume structures, supporting the fundamental results of past normal mode studies. However, these features are more localized and lower amplitude than past studies would suggest. When we consider all seismic anomalies in GyPSuM, we find that P and S-wave speeds are strongly correlated throughout the mantle. However, correlations between the high-velocity S zones in the deep mantle ({approx} 2000 km depth) and corresponding P-wave anomalies are very low suggesting a systematic divergence from simplified thermal effects in ancient subducted slab anomalies. Nevertheless, they argue that temperature variations are the primary cause of P-wave, S-wave, and density anomalies in the mantle.
Simmons, N A; Forte, A M; Boschi, L; Grand, S P
An investigation of the information needs of air passengers traveling to the airport
According to the U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, nearly 200 million person-trips over 100 miles one-way were taken by airplane in 1995, a 186 percent increase since 1977 (Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 1998). As the popularity of air travel continues to increase, the number of trips to and from the airport will inevitably rise also. Passengers will need accurate information about all modes on a total trip basis. This includes the modes of access to and from the airport in addition to the long distance segment of the trip (Sverdrup & Parcel Consultants, Inc., et al., 1996). The purpose of this study was to determine the specific information needs of departing air travelers with regard to the pre-trip and en-route phases of their trip to the airport. Based on the results of this research, effective plans for providing supplementary information in support of ground-side travel can be developed by local, state, and national agencies. To gain an understanding of air passenger information needs, personal interviews were conducted with 216 passengers at George Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston, Texas. One major finding from this research was that in general, passengers are content with the existing types of real-time travel information that are available. Specifically, the survey results showed that passengers currently use and would prefer to have access to flight information including, confirmed schedules, flight delays, and gate assignments. It was also found that most passengers would prefer to receive travel information earlier in their trip (i.e., before beginning their trip). This could possibly be so that they have the information earlier in their decision-making process and thus would have adequate time to evaluate their options. Finally, based on the survey results, air passengers indicated they would prefer to use e-mail, pagers, telephones, and the Internet when making future travel information inquiries. In particular, business travelers were found to have a higher affinity toward e-mail and pagers, while younger travelers simply preferred newer technologies to receive travel information. As a result, these population categories are prime targets for marketing of information services. Overall, each of these findings was similar to and backed up the results from previous studies.
Burdette, Debra Arlene
Modal shifts in short-haul passenger travel and the consequent energy impacts. [Intercity travel under 500 miles
A study was performed to evaluate the impacts of strategies to effect modal shifts in short-haul passenger travel (defined herein as intercity travel under 500 miles) from energy-intensive modes to those modes that are less energy-intensive. A series of individual strategies, ranging from incentives to the less energy-intensive modes (bus, rail) to penalties to the more energy-intensive modes (auto, air) was examined to determine energy saved and policy implications relative to strategy implementation. The most effective of the individual strategies were then combined in all permutations, and the analysis was repeated. As part of the analytical process, effects of factors other than energy (user cost and time, emissions, government subsidy, and travel fatailities) were examined in a benefit/cost analysis. Finally, energy savings, benefit/cost impacts, implementation considerations, and policy implications were evaluated to arrive at conclusions as to the effectiveness of the more-influential strategies and to the overall effectiveness of induced modal shifts. The principal conclusion of the study is that the maximum 1980 energy saving that might be realized by modal shifts, discounting the concurrent effects of demand suppression and improvement of mode efficiency, is approximately 83 x 10/sup 12/ Btu (46,500 bbl gasoline per day), 3.8% of the total projected 1980 energy consumption in the short-haul transportation sector and 0.23% of the total US petroleum use. It was also concluded that strategies to achieve these small savings by modal shifts would result in significant economic, social, and business disruptions.
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DOE Honors WIPP Representative for Cutting Travel Costs, Greenhouse Gas
DOE Honors WIPP Representative for Cutting Travel Costs, Greenhouse DOE Honors WIPP Representative for Cutting Travel Costs, Greenhouse Gas Emissions DOE Honors WIPP Representative for Cutting Travel Costs, Greenhouse Gas Emissions June 29, 2012 - 12:19pm Addthis Judy McLemore from the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant led efforts to reduce the DOEâs vehicle fleet by 20 percent, improving sustainability and saving money. Under her leadership, greenhouse gas emissions associated with business travel were reduced by 63 percent and travel costs were reduced by greater than 60 percent. Judy McLemore from the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant led efforts to reduce the DOE's vehicle fleet by 20 percent, improving sustainability and saving money. Under her leadership, greenhouse gas emissions associated with business travel were reduced by 63 percent and travel costs were
Assess Potential Changes in Business Travel that Impact Greenhouse Gas
Changes in Business Travel that Impact Greenhouse Changes in Business Travel that Impact Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assess Potential Changes in Business Travel that Impact Greenhouse Gas Emissions October 7, 2013 - 1:22pm Addthis YOU ARE HERE Step 1 For a Federal agency, changes in the demand for business travel can be difficult to predict. Changes in the nature of the agency's work may have a substantial impact on the demand for business travel. It is therefore important to account for these changes when planning for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction. Conditions that may contribute to a significant increase or decrease in the agency's business travel, beyond specific efforts to reduce business travel demand, include: Significant changes in the agency's budget Addition or completion of major program activities that require
Prioritize Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Strategies for Business Travel |
Business Travel Business Travel Prioritize Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Strategies for Business Travel October 7, 2013 - 1:38pm Addthis YOU ARE HERE Based on the guidance in steps 3 in evaluating strategies and step 4 in estimating the cost of implementing those strategies, the agency can define a program of communications, policy and management, and technological and infrastructure support activities that it believes are necessary to support travel reductions. Because business travel can be such a challenging areas to address, effective travel reduction programs will ensure that all of these elements are in place to enable the desired outcomes. Prioritization of those business travel management strategies will instead focus on how broadly the program can be deployed across the agency. The
The solar wind emanates from the hot and tenuous solar corona. Earlier studies using 1.5-dimensional simulations show that Alfven waves generated in the photosphere play an important role in coronal heating through the process of nonlinear mode conversion. In order to understand the physics of coronal heating and solar wind acceleration together, it is important to consider the regions from photosphere to interplanetary space as a single system. We performed 2.5-dimensional, self-consistent magnetohydrodynamic simulations, covering from the photosphere to the interplanetary space for the first time. We carefully set up the grid points with spherical coordinates to treat the Alfven waves in the atmosphere with huge density contrast and successfully simulate the solar wind streaming out from the hot solar corona as a result of the surface convective motion. The footpoint motion excites Alfven waves along an open magnetic flux tube, and these waves traveling upward in the non-uniform medium undergo wave reflection, nonlinear mode conversion from Alfven mode to slow mode, and turbulent cascade. These processes lead to the dissipation of Alfven waves and acceleration of the solar wind. It is found that the shock heating by the dissipation of the slow-mode wave plays a fundamental role in the coronal heating process, whereas the turbulent cascade and shock heating drive the solar wind.
Matsumoto, Takuma; Suzuki, Takeru Ken, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602 (Japan)
Fronts Formed by Obliquely Reflecting Internal Waves at a Sloping Boundary
A characteristic of internal waves reflecting from sloping boundaries is that they form fronts that travel with the component of the phase speed of the waves up the boundary. The strength of the fronts is assessed by estimating the magnitude of ...
Stability and Freezing of Waves in Nonlinear Hyperbolic-Parabolic Systems
Stability and Freezing of Waves in Nonlinear Hyperbolic-Parabolic Systems Jens Rottmann to the approximation of traveling waves in hyperbolic-parabolic systems such as the Hodgkin-Huxley model and the Fitz of this system. Note that (1.2) is parabolic in the u variable and (non-strictly) hyperbolic in the v variable
Moeller, Ralf
Morning Glory Wave Clouds in Oklahoma: A Case Study
Early in the morning on 9 June 1982 a system of traveling wave cloud lines passed over 0klahoma, and in particular, over the relatively dense mesonetwork of surface stations, including the instrumented 444 m KTVY television tower, operated by the ...
Sabine P. Haase; Roger K. Smith
Foreign Travel Health & Wellness Information | Department of Energy
Wellness Programs » Foreign Travel Health Wellness Programs » Foreign Travel Health & Wellness Information Foreign Travel Health & Wellness Information All travelers should take the following precautions, no matter the destination: Wash hands often with soap and water. Because motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of injury among travelers, walk and drive defensively; avoid travel at night if possible and always use seat belts. Don't eat or drink dairy products unless you know they have been pasteurized. Never eat undercooked ground beef and poultry, raw eggs, and unpasteurized dairy products; raw shellfish is particularly dangerous to persons who have liver disease or compromised immune systems. Don't eat food purchased from street vendors; do not drink beverages with ice. Don't handle animals, including dogs and cats, to avoid bites and
ADMF-007 EOTA Pre-Travel Authorization 11_0221
7 EOTA Pre-Travel Authorization 11_0221 7 EOTA Pre-Travel Authorization 11_0221 11_0221 Deleted extraneous redundant areas and updated chart. EOTA - Business Form Document Title: EOTA Pre-Travel Authorization Form Document Number: ADMF-007 Rev. 11_0221 Document Owner: Approvers: Elizabeth Sousa Melissa Otero Backup Owner: Melissa Otero Referenced Documents: N/A Parent Document: Notify of Changes: ADMP-004, Travel Process ADM MGT 08_0314 Changed name to EOTA Pre-Travel..., added area to identify if a detailed trip report is required, moved FMT signature block. 08_0523 Changed form to mirror the Prime Contractor form as all information is necessary for all authorized travel. Revision History: Rev. Description of Change A Initial Release. 11_0105 Added a refundable/non-refundable approval 08_0606 Added Company Name to form. Merged cells to reveal required text for Yes/No approval.
Equatorial Solitary Waves. Part 2: Envelope Solitons
Via the method of multiple scales, it is shown that the time and space evolution of the envelope of wave packets of weakly nonlinear, strongly dispersive equatorial waves is governed by the Nonlinear Schr�dinger equation. The diverse phenomena of ...
Rossby Wave Propagation an Beta-Planes
The numerical modeling of stratospheric, quasi-geostrophic Rossby wave propagation on a beta-plane channel is examined to determine how wave propagation is affected by the use of low horizontal (spectral) resolution. This study considers time ...
Donal O'Sullivan
SFU Travel Claim Form - Burnaby - CECM - Simon Fraser University
Credit card slips will only be accepted for restaurant charges and gas. - List names of all travelers and/or guests for which expenses are claimed. - Foreign�...
DOE Honors WIPP Representative for Cutting Travel Costs, Greenhouse...
document reviews with regulators instead of meeting in person and reduced rental car usage by standardizing travel arrangements so that only one rental car is necessary...
Traveling Salesman Problem Formulations with $N \\log N$ Number ...
Feb 13, 2013 ... Traveling Salesman Problem Formulations with $N \\log N$ Number of Binary Variables. Thomas A. Pogiatzis(tp309 ***at*** cam.ac.uk)
Optimization Online - The Delivery Man Problem with Time Windows
Sep 1, 2009 ... Abstract: In this paper, a variant of the Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows is considered, which consists in minimizing the sum of�...
Directional Calibration of Wave Reanalysis Databases Using Instrumental Data
Wave reanalysis databases (WRDBs) offer important advantages for the statistical characterization of wave climate (continuous time series, good spatial coverage, constant time span, homogeneous forcing, and more than a 40-yr-long time series) and ...
R. M�nguez; A. Espejo; A. Tom�s; F. J. M�ndez; I. J. Losada
A New Memetic Algorithm for the Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem
This paper introduces a new memetic algorithm specialized for the asymmetric instances of the traveling salesman problem (ATSP). The method incorporates a new local search engine and many other features that contribute to its effectiveness, such as: ... Keywords: asymmetric traveling salesman problem, local search, memetic algorithms, metaheuristics
Luciana Buriol; Paulo M. Fran�a; Pablo Moscato
UNALLOWABLE EXPENSES Some common unallowable TRAVEL expenses on University
travel agencies. Those agencies are knowledgeable of State airline contracts, available fares and billing of the State contracted rental car agencies is mandatory. Car rentals must be paid with the State Travel Card provides the list of awarded rental car agencies as well as a list of awarded cities by vendor: http://www.state
Afterglows of gamma-ray bursts are observed to produce light curves with the flux following power-law evolution in time. However, recent observations reveal bright flares at times on the order of minutes to days. One proposed explanation for these flares is the interaction of a relativistic blast wave with a circumburst density transition. In this paper, we model this type of interaction computationally in one and two dimensions, using a relativistic hydrodynamics code with adaptive mesh refinement called RAM, and analytically in one dimension. We simulate a blast wave traveling in a stellar wind environment that encounters a sudden change in density, followed by a homogeneous medium, and compute the observed radiation using a synchrotron model. We show that flares are not observable for an encounter with a sudden density increase, such as a wind termination shock, nor for an encounter with a sudden density decrease. Furthermore, by extending our analysis to two dimensions, we are able to resolve the spreading, collimation, and edge effects of the blast wave as it encounters the change in circumburst medium. In all cases considered in this paper, we find that a flare will not be observed for any of the density changes studied.
Gat, Ilana; Van Eerten, Hendrik; MacFadyen, Andrew [Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics, Physics Department, New York University, New York, NY 10003 (United States)
Hamiltonian form and solitary waves of the spatial Dysthe equations
The spatial Dysthe equations describe the envelope evolution of the free-surface and potential of gravity waves in deep waters. Their Hamiltonian structure and new invariants are unveiled by means of a gauge transformation to a new canonical form of the evolution equations. An accurate Fourier-type spectral scheme is used to solve for the wave dynamics and validate the new conservation laws, which are satisfied up to machine precision. Traveling waves are numerically constructed using the Petviashvili method. It is shown that their collision appears inelastic, suggesting the non-integrability of the Dysthe equations.
Fedele, Francesco
One of the leading models for electron acceleration in solar flares is stochastic acceleration by weakly turbulent fast magnetosonic waves ({sup f}ast waves{sup )}. In this model, large-scale flows triggered by magnetic reconnection excite large-wavelength fast waves, and fast-wave energy then cascades from large wavelengths to small wavelengths. Electron acceleration by large-wavelength fast waves is weak, and so the model relies on the small-wavelength waves produced by the turbulent cascade. In order for the model to work, the energy cascade time for large-wavelength fast waves must be shorter than the time required for the waves to propagate out of the solar-flare acceleration region. To investigate the effects of wave escape, we solve the wave kinetic equation for fast waves in weak turbulence theory, supplemented with a homogeneous wave-loss term. We find that the amplitude of large-wavelength fast waves must exceed a minimum threshold in order for a significant fraction of the wave energy to cascade to small wavelengths before the waves leave the acceleration region. We evaluate this threshold as a function of the dominant wavelength of the fast waves that are initially excited by reconnection outflows.
Pongkitiwanichakul, Peera; Chandran, Benjamin D. G. [Space Science Center and Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 (United States); Karpen, Judith T. [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); DeVore, C. Richard, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375 (United States)
Checklist for Medical Issues When Traveling Overseas | Department of Energy
Benefits » Wellness Programs » Foreign Travel Health Benefits » Wellness Programs » Foreign Travel Health & Wellness Information » Checklist for Medical Issues When Traveling Overseas Checklist for Medical Issues When Traveling Overseas Before the Trip A written confirmation from an appropriate manager, i.e., a Travel Authorization or memorandum, that identifies the employee and country(ies) that will be visited should be provided the medical support staff 4-8 weeks prior to the trip or, if less than 4 weeks, as soon as management or the employee becomes aware of it. The medical staff will identify what vaccinations are recommended for each country and discuss the current health issues for each country with the employee. Some vaccinations take several weeks to become effective. The medical staff will review and update the employee's routine
Frontal Wave Stability during Moist Deformation Frontogenesis. Part I: Linear Wave Dynamics
It has been shown that lower tropospheric potential vorticity zones formed during moist deformation frontogenesis will support growing waves if at some time the frontogenesis ceases. In this paper, the ways in which these waves are affected by ...
Craig H. Bishop; Alan J. Thorpe
Thermally Induced Compression Waves and Gravity Waves Generated by Convective Storms
A three-dimensional, fully compressible cloud model is used to simulate a convective storm in order to investigate the properties of compression waves and gravity waves induced by latent heat release. Time series of the low-level pressure ...
Melville E. Nicholls; Roger A. Pielke Sr.
Oceanic Internal Waves Are Not Weak Waves
It is shown that the oceanic internal wave field is too energetic by roughly two orders of magnitude to be treated theoretically as an assemblage of weakly interacting waves. This may be seen both from recent weak wave theoretical calculations ...
Greg Holloway
ITS Information And Services To Enhance The Mobility Of Disabled Travelers
Mobility of Elderly and Disabled Travelers: Initial Surveyto understand the needs of the disabled population, it isto Enhance the Mobility of Disabled Travelers Wan-Hui Chen,
Chen, Wan-hui; Uwaine, Rochelle; Klaver, Kelley; Kurani, Ken; Jovanis, Paul P.
DOE O 552.1A Admin Chg 1, Travel Policy and Procedures
The Order supplements the Federal Travel Regulation as principal source of policy for Federal employee travel and relocation and establishes DOE M 552.1-1A, ...
MHK Technologies/Seatricity wave energy converter | Open Energy Information
Seatricity wave energy converter Seatricity wave energy converter < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage Seatricity wave energy converter.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Seatricity Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/Seatricity Antigua *MHK Projects/Seatricity Orkney Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Attenuator Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 7/8: Open Water System Testing & Demonstration & Operation Technology Description In the simplest terms, a float travels up and down with the waves and operates a pump to pressurise sea water which is piped ashore. Many individual pumps are connected together to produce substantial amounts of pressurized water. Once ashore the pressurized sea water is used to drive a standard hydroelectric turbine to produce electricity.
Wave runup on cylinders subject to deep water random waves
The accurate prediction of wave runup on deepwater offshore platform columns is of great importance for design engineers. Although linear predictive models are commonly used in the design and analysis process, many of the important effects are of higher order, and thus can only be accounted for by complex nonlinear models that better reflect the physics of the problem. This study presents a two-parameter Weibull distribution function that utilizes empirical coefficients to model the surface wave runup. Laboratory measurements of irregular waves interfering with vertical platform cylinders were used to obtain the Weibull coefficients necessary for the analytical model. Six data sets with different configurations where the wave elevation was measured close to the test cylinders are analyzed. These data on wave runup in deepwater random waves were generated at similar water depths with significant wave heights and spectral peak periods. Statistical parameters, zero crossing analysis and spectral analysis were utilized to characterize and interpret the time series data. The analysis focused on interpreting the tails of the probability distributions by carefully fitting the analytical model to the measured model data. The main conclusion of this study is that the two-parameter Weibull model can be used to accurately model the wave runup on platform cylinders for the experimental data investigated in this study.
Indrebo, Ann Kristin
Derivation of site-specific relationships between hydraulic parameters and p-wave velocities based on hydraulic and seismic tomography
In this study, hydraulic and seismic tomographic measurements were used to derive a site-specific relationship between the geophysical parameter p-wave velocity and the hydraulic parameters, diffusivity and specific storage. Our field study includes diffusivity tomograms derived from hydraulic travel time tomography, specific storage tomograms, derived from hydraulic attenuation tomography, and p-wave velocity tomograms, derived from seismic tomography. The tomographic inversion was performed in all three cases with the SIRT (Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique) algorithm, using a ray tracing technique with curved trajectories. The experimental set-up was designed such that the p-wave velocity tomogram overlaps the hydraulic tomograms by half. The experiments were performed at a wellcharacterized sand and gravel aquifer, located in the Leine River valley near G�ttingen, Germany. Access to the shallow subsurface was provided by direct-push technology. The high spatial resolution of hydraulic and seismic tomography was exploited to derive representative site-specific relationships between the hydraulic and geophysical parameters, based on the area where geophysical and hydraulic tests were performed. The transformation of the p-wave velocities into hydraulic properties was undertaken using a k-means cluster analysis. Results demonstrate that the combination of hydraulic and geophysical tomographic data is a promising approach to improve hydrogeophysical site characterization.
Brauchler, R.; Doetsch, J.; Dietrich, P.; Sauter, M.
On plane wave relativistic electrodynamics of plasmas and test particles in vacuum
We reconsider the exact microscopic equations (differential, and equivalent integral) ruling a relativistic cold plasma after the plane-wave Ansatz, without customary approximations. We show that in the Eulerian description the motion of a very diluted plasma initially at rest and excited by an arbitrary transverse plane electromagnetic travelling-wave has a disarmingly simple and explicit expression in terms of the transverse electromagnetic potential. As a by-product, we obtain also a simple and explicit expression for the general motion of a charged test particle under the action of an electromagnetic wave of the same kind. For a non-zero density plasma the above motion is a good approximation of the real one as long as the back-reaction of the charges on the electromagnetic field can be neglected, i.e. for a time lapse decreasing with the plasma density. As one of many possible applications, we use these results to describe how the ponderomotive force of a very intense and short plane laser pulse hitting normally the surface of a plasma boosts the surface electrons into the ion background. This penetration allows the "slingshot effect" [G. Fiore, R. Fedele, U. De Angelis, arXiv:1309.1400]: the electrons are then pulled back by the electric force exerted by the ions and may leave the plasma with high energy in the direction opposite to that of propagation of the pulse.
Gaetano Fiore
Researchers test novel power system for space travel
Power system for space travel Power system for space travel Researchers test novel power system for space travel The research team recently demonstrated the first use of a heat pipe to cool a small nuclear reactor and power a Stirling engine. November 26, 2012 John Bounds of Los Alamos National Laboratory's Advanced Nuclear Technology Division makes final adjustments on the DUFF experiment, a demonstration of a simple, robust fission reactor prototype that could be used as a power system for space travel. DUFF is the first demonstration of a space nuclear reactor system to produce electricity in the United States since 1965. John Bounds of Los Alamos National Laboratory's Advanced Nuclear Technology Division makes final adjustments on the DUFF experiment, a demonstration of a simple, robust fission reactor prototype that could be used as a power
Deputy Secretary Poneman to Travel to Russia | Department of Energy
Poneman to Travel to Russia Poneman to Travel to Russia Deputy Secretary Poneman to Travel to Russia December 3, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis Washington, D.C. - On Monday, December 6, U.S. Deputy Secretary of Energy Daniel Poneman will travel to Russia as part of the ongoing cooperation between the two countries on nuclear security and peaceful nuclear energy issues. On Tuesday, Deputy Secretary Poneman will co-chair the U.S.-Russia Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Security Working Group Plenary Meeting with Director General of the State Atomic Energy Corporation "Rosatom" Sergei Kiriyenko. The Working Group was established under the U.S.-Russia Bilateral Presidential Commission at the July 2009 Presidential Summit. Last fall, Director Kiriyenko visited the United States for the first meetings of the
Novel power system demonstrated for space travel | National Nuclear
Novel power system demonstrated for space travel | National Nuclear Novel power system demonstrated for space travel | National Nuclear Security Administration Our Mission Managing the Stockpile Preventing Proliferation Powering the Nuclear Navy Emergency Response Recapitalizing Our Infrastructure Continuing Management Reform Countering Nuclear Terrorism About Us Our Programs Our History Who We Are Our Leadership Our Locations Budget Our Operations Media Room Congressional Testimony Fact Sheets Newsletters Press Releases Speeches Events Social Media Video Gallery Photo Gallery NNSA Archive Federal Employment Apply for Our Jobs Our Jobs Working at NNSA Blog Home > NNSA Blog > Novel power system demonstrated for space travel Novel power system demonstrated for space travel Posted By Office of Public Affairs John Bounds, Los Alamos National Laboratory
Sec. Chu Travels to Houston | Department of Energy
Sec. Chu Travels to Houston Sec. Chu Travels to Houston Sec. Chu Travels to Houston February 2, 2012 - 5:19pm Addthis The Houston Medical Center Thermal Energy Corporation Control Room. | Photo Courtesy of the Texas Medical Center The Houston Medical Center Thermal Energy Corporation Control Room. | Photo Courtesy of the Texas Medical Center Ginny Simmons Ginny Simmons Former Managing Editor for Energy.gov, Office of Public Affairs Secretary Chu traveled to Houston, Texas, today to meet with executives from various oil and gas companies, host a State of the Union Town Hall with students from Houston Community College, and tour the Texas Medical Center -- which recently completed a series of major energy efficiency upgrades. As part of his blueprint to build an economy to last, President Obama has
WIPP Representative for Cutting Travel Costs, Greenhouse WIPP Representative for Cutting Travel Costs, Greenhouse Gas Emissions DOE Honors WIPP Representative for Cutting Travel Costs, Greenhouse Gas Emissions June 1, 2012 - 12:00pm Addthis Secretary Chu presents the Secretary of Energy's Appreciation Award to Judy A. McLemore. Secretary Chu presents the Secretary of Energy's Appreciation Award to Judy A. McLemore. WASHINGTON, D.C. - A representative of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) near Carlsbad, N.M., on Tuesday received the Secretary of Energy's Appreciation Award for her efforts to improve sustainability and reduce travel costs and the number of fleet vehicles. Judy A. McLemore, who works for URS Regulatory and Environmental Services, based in Carlsbad, was honored for helping advance DOE's management and
A Striking Example of the Atmosphere's Leading Traveling Pattern
Conventional and complex empirical orthogonal function (EOF) techniques show that for at least four months during the fall and winter of 1979/80 a large-amplitude, large-scale, traveling flow anomaly existed in the troposphere and stratosphere. ...
Grant Branstator
Defining business strategy for development of travel and tourism industry
Many studies conducted on Travel and Tourism industry consider tourism an economic phenomenon. Providing a customer-satisfaction-based analysis, this thesis deals with both economic and social aspects. Economic data on ...
Davari, Dordaneh
SunShot Concentrating Solar Power Program Review 2013 - Travel...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
SunShot Concentrating Solar Power Program Review 2013 April 23-25, 2013 Phoenix, Arizona Skip navigation to main content Menu Home About Agenda Register Venue Presentations Travel...
How ORISE is Making a Difference: Travelers' Health Campaign
online outreach. Campaign themes include "Prevention can be Travel-Sized" and "Stop, Wash and Go." Among THC's core messages, the CDC is urging people to take the following...
Passenger travel behavior model in railway network simulation
Transportation planners and public transport operators alike have become increasingly aware of the need to diffuse the concentration of the peak period travel. Differentiated pricing is one possible method to even out the demand and reduce peak load ...
Ting Li; Eric van Heck; Peter Vervest; Jasper Voskuilen; Freek Hofker; Fred Jansma
Odometer Versus Self-Reported Estimates of Vehicle Miles Traveled
Reports and Publications (EIA)
The findings described here compare odometer readings with self-reported estimates of Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) to investigate to what extent self-reported VMT is a reliable surrogate for odometer-based VMT.
Information Center
Understanding transit travel behavior : value added by smart cards
Travel behavior represents a particularly complex area of research in transportation given the interaction between transport supply characteristics and the user perceptions which guide his/her decisions. Thanks to the ...
Gupta, Saumya, S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Travel and migration associated infectious diseases morbidity in Europe, 2008
Infect 2009, 11:1177-1185. 19. NaTHNaC Clinical Update: Tropical Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar - advice for relief workers and other travellers to affected areas. 2008 [http:// www.nathnac.org/pro/clinical_updates/cyclonemyanmar_070508.htm], (Accessed January... ://www.eurotravnet.eu, a network of clinical specialists in tropical and travel medicine was founded in 2008, to assist the European Centre for Dis- ease Prevention & Control (ECDC) for the detection, verification, assessment and communication of commu- nicable diseases...
Field, Vanessa; Gautret, Philippe; Schlagenhauf, Patricia; Burchard, Gerd-Dieter; Caumes, Eric; Jensenius, Mogens; Castelli, Francesco; Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni; Weld, Leisa; Lopez-Velez, Rogelio; de Vries, Peter; von Sonnenburg, Frank; Loutan, Louis; Parola, Philippe; Network, the EuroTravNet
Fiber optic sensor employing successively destroyed coupled points or reflectors for detecting shock wave speed and damage location
A shock velocity and damage location sensor providing a means of measuring shock speed and damage location. The sensor consists of a long series of time-of-arrival "points" constructed with fiber optics. The fiber optic sensor apparatus measures shock velocity as the fiber sensor is progressively crushed as a shock wave proceeds in a direction along the fiber. The light received by a receiving means changes as time-of-arrival points are destroyed as the sensor is disturbed by the shock. The sensor may comprise a transmitting fiber bent into a series of loops and fused to a receiving fiber at various places, time-of-arrival points, along the receiving fibers length. At the "points" of contact, where a portion of the light leaves the transmitting fiber and enters the receiving fiber, the loops would be required to allow the light to travel backwards through the receiving fiber toward a receiving means. The sensor may also comprise a single optical fiber wherein the time-of-arrival points are comprised of reflection planes distributed along the fibers length. In this configuration, as the shock front proceeds along the fiber it destroys one reflector after another. The output received by a receiving means from this sensor may be a series of downward steps produced as the shock wave destroys one time-of-arrival point after another, or a nonsequential pattern of steps in the event time-of-arrival points are destroyed at any point along the sensor.
Weiss, Jonathan D. (Albuquerque, NM)
A shock velocity and damage location sensor providing a means of measuring shock speed and damage location is disclosed. The sensor consists of a long series of time-of-arrival ``points`` constructed with fiber optics. The fiber optic sensor apparatus measures shock velocity as the fiber sensor is progressively crushed as a shock wave proceeds in a direction along the fiber. The light received by a receiving means changes as time-of-arrival points are destroyed as the sensor is disturbed by the shock. The sensor may comprise a transmitting fiber bent into a series of loops and fused to a receiving fiber at various places, time-of-arrival points, along the receiving fibers length. At the ``points`` of contact, where a portion of the light leaves the transmitting fiber and enters the receiving fiber, the loops would be required to allow the light to travel backwards through the receiving fiber toward a receiving means. The sensor may also comprise a single optical fiber wherein the time-of-arrival points are comprised of reflection planes distributed along the fibers length. In this configuration, as the shock front proceeds along the fiber it destroys one reflector after another. The output received by a receiving means from this sensor may be a series of downward steps produced as the shock wave destroys one time-of-arrival point after another, or a nonsequential pattern of steps in the event time-of-arrival points are destroyed at any point along the sensor. 6 figs.
Weiss, J.D.
Deflagration Wave Profiles
Shock initiation in a plastic-bonded explosives (PBX) is due to hot spots. Current reactive burn models are based, at least heuristically, on the ignition and growth concept. The ignition phase occurs when a small localized region of high temperature (or hot spot) burns on a fast time scale. This is followed by a growth phase in which a reactive front spreads out from the hot spot. Propagating reactive fronts are deflagration waves. A key question is the deflagration speed in a PBX compressed and heated by a shock wave that generated the hot spot. Here, the ODEs for a steady deflagration wave profile in a compressible fluid are derived, along with the needed thermodynamic quantities of realistic equations of state corresponding to the reactants and products of a PBX. The properties of the wave profile equations are analyzed and an algorithm is derived for computing the deflagration speed. As an illustrative example, the algorithm is applied to compute the deflagration speed in shock compressed PBX 9501 as a function of shock pressure. The calculated deflagration speed, even at the CJ pressure, is low compared to the detonation speed. The implication of this are briefly discussed.
Menikoff, Ralph [Los Alamos National Laboratory
The sources of e-business competitive advantages between travel agencies and online travel service firms in China
Knowledge about the most important sources of e-business competitive advantages in the travel industry would help to focus efforts in both academic and practical areas. This study develops a framework based on the resource-based view (RBV) ...
Zhen Zhu; Jing Zhao
Spinor wave equation of photon
In this paper, we give the spinor wave equations of free and unfree photon, which are the differential equation of space-time one order. For the free photon, the spinor wave equations are covariant, and the spinors $\\psi$ are corresponding to the the reducibility representations $D^{10}+D^{01}$ and $D^{10}+D^{01}+D^{1/2 1/2}$ of the proper Lorentz group.
Xiang-Yao Wu; Bo-Jun Zhang; Xiao-Jing Liu; Si-Qi Zhang; Jing Wang; Hong Li; Xi-Hui Fan; Jing-Wu Li
Thermal Gravitational Waves from Primordial Black Holes
Thermal gravitational waves can be generated in various sources such as, in the cores of stars, white dwarfs and neutron stars due to the fermion collisions in the dense degenerate Fermi gas. Such high frequency thermal gravitational waves can also be produced during the collisions in a gamma ray burst or during the final stages of the evaporation of primordial black holes. Here we estimate the thermal gravitational waves from primordial black holes and estimate the integrated energy of the gravitational wave emission over the entire volume of the universe and over Hubble time. We also estimate the gravitational wave flux from gamma ray bursts and jets.
C. Sivaram; Kenath Arun
Increase in the period of waves traveling over large distances : with applications to tsunamis, swell, and seismic surface waves
to the tsunami from the Aleutian earthquake of 1st April,c ohhe tsunami Prom the Aleutian earthmake oi' 1st April
Munk, Walter H
25) seduce to tho wall-horn Porn aoco~ding .to wkiieh the ~oan now be written in the Porn If the bottom profile along
Wave�Wave Interaction of Unstable Baroclinic Waves
Two slightly unstable baroclinic waves in the two-layer Phillips model are allowed to interact with each other as well as the mean flow. A theory for small dissipation rates is developed to examine the role of wave�wave interaction in the ...
Joseph Pedlosky; Lorenzo M. Polvani
Shear wave transducer for boreholes
A technique and apparatus is provided for estimating in situ stresses by measuring stress-induced velocity anisotropy around a borehole. Two sets each of radially and tangentially polarized transducers are placed inside the hole with displacement directions either parallel or perpendicular to the principal stress directions. With this configuration, relative travel times are measured by both a pulsed phase-locked loop technique and a cross correlation of digitized waveforms. The biaxial velocity data are used to back-calculate the applied stress.
Mao, N.H.
Orthogonally interdigitated shielded serpentine travelling wave cathod ray tube deflection structure
This invention comprises a new deflection structure which deflects a beam of charged particles, such as an electron beam, includes a serpentine set for transmitting a deflection field, and shielding frame for housing the serpentine set. The serpentine set includes a vertical serpentine deflection element and a horizontal serpentine deflection element. These deflection elements are identical and are interdigitatedly and orthogonally disposed relative to each other, for forming a central transmission passage, through which the electron beam passes and is deflected by the deflection field to minimize drift space signal distortion. The shielding frame includes a plurality of ground blocks and forms an internal serpentine trough within these ground blocks for housing the serpentine set. The deflection structure further includes a plurality of feedthrough connectors which are inserted through the shielding frame and which are electrically connected to the serpentine set.
Hagen, E.C.; Hudson, C.L.
Traveling Waves and Regional Transitions in Blocking Activity in the Northern Hemisphere
In preference to the use of persistent height anomalies for determining the presence of blocking, new criteria were developed which take the observed flow conditions into account. These criteria were applied daily at 500 mb, using filtered ...
Roderick S. Quiroz
Closed-form expressions for integrals of traveling wave reductions of integrable lattice
+1HFir-2-1 . . . Fi1+1HFi1-1 . . . Fa+1H + a+1i1,i1+1HFir-1-1 . . . Fi1+1HFi1-1 . . . Fa + a+2i1,i1+1HFir-1-1 . . . Fi1+1HFi1-1 . . . Fa+1H + a+1i1,i1+1HFir-1 . . . Fi1+1HFi1-1 . . . Fa = fba+1,b-2 r-2
Kamp, Peter H. van der
Travelling waves in the Oregonator model for the BZ reaction I. Z. Kiss,a
. Simul., in press. Krankowski, A., W. Kosek, and L. W. Baran (2005), Wavelet analysis and forecasting
Kiss, Istvan Zoltan
que par une société hétérogène. Ces travaux (voir par exemple Kosek 2006, Prudham 2005) montrent que communication (voir les exemples de debt-bondage chez Bobrow-Strain 2007, Kosek 2006, Prudham 2005). La critique
Orthogonally interdigitated shielded serpentine travelling wave cathode ray tube deflection structure
A new deflection structure (12) which deflects a beam of charged particles, uch as an electron beam (15), includes a serpentine set (20) for transmitting a deflection field, and a shielding frame (25) for housing the serpentine set (20). The serpentine set (20) includes a vertical serpentine deflection element (22) and a horizontal serpentine deflection element (24). These deflection elements (22, 24) are identical, and are interdigitatedly and orthogonally disposed relative to each other, for forming a central transmission passage (75), through which the electron beam (15) passes, and is deflected by the deflection field, so as to minimize drift space signal distortion. The shielding frame (25) includes a plurality of ground blocks (26, 28, 30, 32), and forms an internal serpentine trough (77) within these ground blocks, for housing the serpentine set (20). The deflection structure (12) further includes a plurality of feedthrough connectors (35, 37, 35I, 37I), which are inserted through the shielding frame (25), and which are electrically connected to the serpentine set (20).
Hagen, Edward C. (Las Vegas, NV); Hudson, Charles L. (Santa Barbara, CA)
Final Report Phase I Study to Characterize the Market Potential for Non-Motorized Travel
The idea of livable communities suggests that people should have the option to utilize non-motorized travel (NMT), specifically walking and bicycling, to conduct their daily tasks. Forecasting personal travel by walk and bike is necessary as part of regional transportation planning, and requires fine detail not only about individual travel, but also on transportation and neighborhood infrastructure. In an attempt to characterize the 'market' potential for NMT, the Office of Planning, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) funded the Center for Transportation Analysis (CTA) of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to conduct a study. The objectives of this effort were to identify factors that influence communities to walk and bike and to examine why, or why not, travelers walk and bike in their communities. This study relied on information collected under the 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) as the major source of data, and was supplemented with data from the American Community Survey (ACS), educational survey, health, employment, and others. Initial statistical screening methods were applied to sort through over 400 potential predictor variables, and examined with various measures (e.g., walk trip per person, walk mileage per person, bike trip per person, bike mileage per person) as the dependent variables. The best geographic level of detail used in the modeling for this study was determined to be the Census block group level for walking and Census tract level for biking. The need for additional supplemental private data (i.e., Walk Scores and Nielsen employment data), and geospatial information that reflects land use and physical environments, became evident after an examination of findings from the initial screening models. To be feasible, in terms of costs and time, the geographic scale of the study region was scaled down to nine selected NHTS add-on regions. These regions were chosen based on various criteria including transit availability, population size, and a mix of geographic locations across the nation. Given the similarities in modeling results from walk trips and walk mileages, additional modeling efforts conducted under the later part of this study were focused on walk trips per person. Bike models were limited only with the stepwise logistic models using Census tracts in the selected regions. Due to NHTS sampling limitations, only about 12% of these tracts have bike trips recorded from NHTS sampled households. The modeling with NHTS bike data proved to be more challenging and time consuming than what was anticipated. Along with the late arrival of Nielsen employment data, the project team had to limit the modeling effort to focus on walking. Therefore, the final modeling and discriminant analysis was conducted only for walking trips.
Hwang, Ho-Ling [ORNL; Reuscher, Tim [Macrosys; Wilson, Daniel W [ORNL; Schmoyer, Richard L [ORNL
The Sandia Wave Reflector
The Sandia wave reflector is a magnetic conductor for wireless transmissions near 433 MHz. The device reflects perpendicular electromagnetic waves in-phase and suppresses surface waves resulting in improved gain performance and effective operation ...
Geostrophic Shock Waves
Organized depth discontinuities involving a balance between steepening and dissipation are usually referred to as shock waves. An analytical �educed gravity� model is used to examine a special kind of shock wave. The wave under study is a depth ...
Doron Nof
A Thunderstorm Bow Wave
The thunderstorm solitary gust or bow wave, observed by Doviak and Ge, is examined from the viewpoint of boundary layer wave theory. It is concluded that all its well defined characteristics are consistently modeled as a bow wave of ducted ...
G. Chimonas; Carmen J. Nappo
Have You Seen Renewable Energy Projects While Traveling? | Department of
Seen Renewable Energy Projects While Traveling? Seen Renewable Energy Projects While Traveling? Have You Seen Renewable Energy Projects While Traveling? July 7, 2011 - 8:32am Addthis Since we blog about energy efficiency and renewable energy, it seems fitting that we would notice it even when we're not at work. This past Tuesday, Chris shared his first-hand views of Hawaii's renewable energy efforts while on vacation, including wind and solar, and did some post-vacation research that revealed some great information about how Hawaii is using renewable resources to achieve 70% clean energy by 2030. We're curious: Have you ever been on vacation or a business trip and noticed how another state is using renewable energy? Each Thursday, you have the chance to share your thoughts on a question about energy efficiency or renewable energy for consumers. E-mail your
MONDAY: Secretary Chu Travels to New Jersey and Philadelphia | Department
MONDAY: Secretary Chu Travels to New Jersey and Philadelphia MONDAY: Secretary Chu Travels to New Jersey and Philadelphia MONDAY: Secretary Chu Travels to New Jersey and Philadelphia September 24, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis WASHINGTON - On Monday, September 27, 2010, U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu and Representative Rush Holt will tour Applied Photovoltaics. With help from a Recovery Act-funded $1.1 million clean energy manufacturing tax credit, Applied Photovoltaics will manufacture solar energy modules for use in building-integrated photovoltaics. In the afternoon, Secretary Chu will tour the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and speak to employees. He will then join Pennsylvania Governor Ed Rendell, Philadelphia Mayor Michael Nutter and other officials in an event highlighting the Energy Innovation Hub for energy-efficient buildings
Secretary Chu Travels to Memphis | Department of Energy
Travels to Memphis Travels to Memphis Secretary Chu Travels to Memphis January 31, 2011 - 2:33pm Addthis Ginny Simmons Ginny Simmons Former Managing Editor for Energy.gov, Office of Public Affairs What does this project do? The Sharp solar manufacturing plant has produced more than 2 million solar panels since 2002, increased its staff from 300 to 480 employees over the last year, and produces enough solar paneling to power more than 140,000 homes. Worldwide, FedEx Express is operating 329 hybrid and 19 all-electric vehicles, reducing fuel use by almost 300,000 gallons and carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 3,000 metric tons. Hero_CHU_Sharp Secretary Steven Chu with Sharp executive T.C. Jones, standing in front of some of Sharp's solar panels. Following the State of the Union on Tuesday and his online town hall on
Secretary Chu to Travel to Houston Today | Department of Energy
to Travel to Houston Today to Travel to Houston Today Secretary Chu to Travel to Houston Today July 8, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis Washington, D.C. - At the direction of President Obama, as part of the Administration's ongoing oil spill response efforts U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu is making his fifth trip to Houston today to continue to help identify strategies for containing the oil and ultimately killing the well. Secretary Chu and his scientific team are coordinating their work with National Incident Commander Admiral Thad Allen, who is leading the administration-wide response and directing all interagency activities. Information on the work that the Secretary, Department of Energy staff and independent scientists have done to date on the oil spill response can be found on DOE's BP Oil Spill page.
The Department of Energy's Management of Foreign Travel, IG-0872
The Department of Energy's Management of Foreign Travel DOE/IG-0872 October 2012 U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inspector General Office of Audits and Inspections Department of Energy Washington, DC 20585 October 16, 2012 MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY FROM: Gregory H. Friedman Inspector General SUBJECT: INFORMATION: Management Alert: "The Department of Energy's Management of Foreign Travel" INTRODUCTION The Department of Energy and its workforce of 116,000 Federal and contractor personnel have numerous international exchanges and interactions at different levels and for a variety of important programmatic and other purposes. The Office of Inspector General is currently reviewing the Department's management of international offices and foreign assignments. As
Decay processes in an inhomogeneous time-varying plasma
The decay of a homogeneous pump field in an inhomogeneous time-varying plasma into a plasma wave and an ion-acoustic wave is considered theoretically.
Andreev, A.A.; Fedorov, V.I.
Linear Stratospheric Gravity Waves above Convective Thermal Forcing
The spectra of linear gravity waves generated by a time-varying tropospheric thermal forcing representing organized convection are compared to the spectra of stratospheric gravity waves generated by organized convection in a fully nonlinear two-...
Rajul E. Pandya; M. Joan Alexander
Estimating Internal Wave Energy Fluxes in the Ocean
Energy flux is a fundamental quantity for understanding internal wave generation, propagation, and dissipation. In this paper, the estimation of internal wave energy fluxes u?p? from ocean observations that may be sparse in either time or depth ...
Jonathan D. Nash; Matthew H. Alford; Eric Kunze
On the Damping of Free Coastal-Trapped Waves
A perturbative method is presented for estimating the decay time of subinertial coastal-trapped waves under a wide range of conditions where damping is relatively weak. Bottom friction is sometimes much more important than �long-wave� results ...
K. H. Brink
Comparisons on offshore structure responses to random waves using linear and high-order wave theories
The predicted responses of an offshore structure when the wave induced kinematics are computed from different estimation methods can change significantly. The sometimes controversial results have recently motivated the development of a new methodology for wave kinematics prediction. While the methods commonly used by the offshore industry are empirical and semi-empirical modifications of Linear (random) Wave Theory, the new approach (Hybrid Wave Model) satisfies the principles of hydrodynamics and explicitly considers the non-linear effect of the wave-wave interactions on wave elevation, kinematics and evolution. This methodology has been proven to be more accurate and reliable for the estimations of wave kinematics, but its impact on the prediction of the structural response is yet to be investigated. In this study, the performance of the new methodology arid other methods currently used for kinematics prediction was tested. The (surge) response of two offshore structures designed specially for deep-oil production was estimated using three methods (Hybrid Wave Model, Wheeler "Stretching" and Linear Extrapolation) and compared with the corresponding laboratory measurements. The wave forces were computed from the conventional Morison Equation evaluating the ambient wave kinematics from the wave elevation measurements. A numerical scheme based on a Finite Element time integration technique (Newmark-beta method) was used for the response evaluation after it had been validated and calibrated by an analytical (linear) solution and measured responses for regular waves. The comparisons between measured and predicted responses using kinematics calculated from the Hybrid Wave Model showed excellent agreement, specially for the low frequency components, while those using methods based on linear modifications rendered poor underestimations. The low frequency (peak) responses of these deep-water offshore structures were found to be greatly dominated by very low frequency wave excitations, which are mainly due to the wave-wave interactions.
Ramos Heredia, Rafael Juda
Solar Eclipse Anomalies and Wave Refraction
There is some inconclusive evidence that measurement devices sensitive to local gravitation exhibit anomalous behaviour during solar eclipses. We investigate if these findings can be incorporated into the standard general relativistic model of gravitation. The General Theory of Relativity (GTR) describes gravitation as the response of an object to local spacetime curvature. Gravitational waves travelling at the speed of light are then a necessary mechanism to maintain the required consistency between local curvature and distant gravitating mass. Gravitational waves will certainly be subject to refraction by bodies such as the moon and we explore if such an effect can result in an error in the apparent position of the sources and thereby give rise to the characteristic pattern of response associated with the eclipse anomaly. It is found there are phenomenological similarities, but only if gravitational waves are considered not merely to respond to spacetime curvature but are also significantly affected by the presence of mass, perhaps in a manner analogous to electromagnetic waves propagating through matter.
Alasdair Macleod
Fiber optic sensor for detecting damage location and shock wave velocity
This invention is comprised of a shock velocity and damage location sensor providing a means of measuring shock speed and damage location. The sensor consists of a long series of time-of-arrival `points` constructed with fiber optics. The fiber optic sensor apparatus measures shock velocity as the fiber sensor is progressively crushed as a shock wave proceeds in a direction along the fiber. The light received by a receiving means changes as time-of-arrival points are destroyed as the sensor is disturbed by the shock. The sensor may comprise a transmitting fiber bent into a series of loops and fused to a receiving fiber at various places, time-of-arrival points, along the receiving fibers length. At the `points` of contact, where a portion of the light leaves the transmitting fiber and enters the receiving fiber, the loops would be required to allow the light to travel backwards through the receiving fiber toward a receiving means. The sensor may also comprise a single optical fiber wherein the time-of-arrival points are comprised of reflection planes distributed along the fibers length. In this configuration, as the shock front proceeds along the fiber it destroys one reflector after another. The output received by a receiving means from this sensor may be a series of downward steps produced as the shock wave destroys one time-of-arrival point after another, or a nonsequential pattern of steps in the event time-of-arrival points are destroyed at any point along the sensor.
Monitoring and Understanding Changes in Heat Waves, Cold Waves, Floods, and Droughts in the United States: State of Knowledge
Weather and climate extremes have been varying and changing on many different time scales. In recent decades, heat waves have generally become more frequent across the United States, while cold waves have been decreasing. While this is in keeping with ...
Thomas C. Peterson; Richard R. Heim Jr.; Robert Hirsch; Dale P. Kaiser; Harold Brooks; Noah S. Diffenbaugh; Randall M. Dole; Jason P. Giovannettone; Kristen Guirguis; Thomas R. Karl; Richard W. Katz; Kenneth Kunkel; Dennis Lettenmaier; Gregory J. McCabe; Christopher J. Paciorek; Karen R. Ryberg; Siegfried Schubert; Viviane B. S. Silva; Brooke C. Stewart; Aldo V. Vecchia; Gabriele Villarini; Russell S. Vose; John Walsh; Michael Wehner; David Wolock; Klaus Wolter; Connie A. Woodhouse; Donald Wuebbles
Exact graph search algorithms for generalized traveling salesman path problems
The Generalized Traveling Salesman Path Problem (GTSPP) involves finding the shortest path from a location s to a location t that passes through at least one location from each of a set of generalized location categories (e.g., gas stations, ...
Michael N. Rice; Vassilis J. Tsotras
Travel Planning Online for Dummies, 2nd edition
From the Publisher:Find out how you can quickly and easily book plane tickets, rent a car and find a hotel room -- all with a few clicks of the mouse! Whether you're going on a short business strip or planning your dream vacation, Travel Planning ...
Noah Vadnai; Julian Smith
Building robust Reputation Systems for travel-related services
There is a serious robust issue of building Reputation Systems for travel-related services, such as hotel, restaurant, etc. This paper proposes an advanced clustering approach, Suspicion Degree Meter (SDM), to rank suspects with respect to manipulative ... Keywords: Silicon,Indexes,Robustness,Analytical models,Feature extraction,Buildings,Context
Huiying Duan; Peng Yang
Comparison of heuristics for the colourful travelling salesman problem
In the colourful travelling salesman problem CTSP, given a graph G with a not necessarily distinct label colour assigned to each edge, a Hamiltonian tour with the minimum number of different labels is sought. The problem is a variant of the well-known ...
J. Silberholz; A. Raiconi; R. Cerulli; M. Gentili; B. Golden; S. Chen
Fundamental Guided Wave Metrology
Fundamental Guided Wave Metrology. Summary: ... The program is focused on fundamental measurement research for microwave parameters. ...
Traveling dark solitons in superfluid Fermi gases
Families of dark solitons exist in superfluid Fermi gases. The energy-velocity dispersion and number of depleted particles completely determine the dynamics of dark solitons on a slowly varying background density. For the unitary Fermi gas, we determine these relations from general scaling arguments and conservation of local particle number. We find solitons to oscillate sinusoidally at the trap frequency reduced by a factor of 1/{radical}(3). Numerical integration of the time-dependent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation determines spatial profiles and soliton-dispersion relations across the BEC-BCS crossover, and proves consistent with the scaling relations at unitarity.
Liao Renyuan; Brand, Joachim [New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study and Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, Massey University, Private Bag 102904 NSMC, Auckland 0745 (New Zealand)
WindWaveFloat Final Report
capacity factor, and greater stability of the electrical power delivered to the grid. The research conducted under this grant investigated the integration of several wave energy device types into the WindFloat platform. Several of the resulting system designs demonstrated technical feasibility, but the size and design constraints of the wave energy converters (technical and economic) make the WindWaveFloat concept economically unfeasible at this time. Not enough additional generation could be produced to make the additional expense associated with wave energy conversion integration into the WindFloat worthwhile.
Alla Weinstein, Dominique Roddier, Kevin Banister
Associations of health, physical activity and weight status with motorised travel and transport carbon dioxide emissions: a cross-sectional, observational study
(�active travel�) substitutes for at least some motorised travel and thereby reduces CO2 emissions [e.g. 12]. This assump- tion is supported by the finding that energy expenditure from walking is negatively correlated with fossil fuel use from car driving... About your local pedestrian and cycling routes Continued 11 About your work or place of study S E C T I O N E Sedentary occupation You spend most of your time sitting (e.g. in an office, driving a vehicle). Standing occupation You spend most of your time...
Goodman, Anna; Brand, Christian; Ogilvie, David; on behalf of the iConnect consortium
Wave�Mean Flow Statistics
A relation between the statistics of large-scale waves and the mean flow is derived from the potential enstrophy equations integrated over an isobaric surface. The difference between time-averaged zonal-mean state and the radiative-dynamical ...
Mark R. Schoeberl
Shallow Angle Wave Profiling Lidar
A lidar scanning system is described that is primarily designed to measure sea wave shape. The device is capable of measuring real-time spatial profiles over distances of hundreds of meters, and as the lidar must inevitably operate from modest ...
M. R. Belmont; J. M. K. Horwood; R. W. F. Thurley; J. Baker
Refrigeration system having standing wave compressor
A compression-evaporation refrigeration system, wherein gaseous compression of the refrigerant is provided by a standing wave compressor. The standing wave compressor is modified so as to provide a separate subcooling system for the refrigerant, so that efficiency losses due to flashing are reduced. Subcooling occurs when heat exchange is provided between the refrigerant and a heat pumping surface, which is exposed to the standing acoustic wave within the standing wave compressor. A variable capacity and variable discharge pressure for the standing wave compressor is provided. A control circuit simultaneously varies the capacity and discharge pressure in response to changing operating conditions, thereby maintaining the minimum discharge pressure needed for condensation to occur at any time. Thus, the power consumption of the standing wave compressor is reduced and system efficiency is improved.
Lucas, Timothy S. (Glen Allen, VA)
The cause of quasi-periodic pulsations in solar flares remains the subject of debate. Recently, Nakariakov and Zimovets proposed a new model suggesting that, in two-ribbon flares, such pulsations could be explained by propagating slow waves. These waves may travel obliquely to the magnetic field, reflect in the chromosphere, and constructively interfere at a spatially separate site in the corona, leading to quasi-periodic reconnection events progressing along the flaring arcade. Such a slow wave regime would have certain observational characteristics. We search for evidence of this phenomenon during a selection of two-ribbon flares observed by the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager, Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, and Transition Region and Coronal Explorer; the flares of 2002 November 9, 2005 January 19, and 2005 August 22. We were not able to observe a clear correlation between hard X-ray footpoint separations and pulse timings during these events. Also, the motion of hard X-ray footpoints is shown to be continuous within the observational error, whereas a discontinuous motion might be anticipated in the slow wave model. Finally, we find that for a preferential slow wave propagation angle of 25 Degree-Sign -28 Degree-Sign that is expected for the fastest waves, the velocities of the hard X-ray footpoints lead to estimated pulse periods and ribbon lengths significantly larger than the measured values. Hence, for the three events studied, we conclude that the observational characteristics cannot be easily explained via the Nakariakov and Zimovets propagating slow wave model when only angles of 25 Degree-Sign -28 Degree-Sign are considered. We provide suggested flare parameters to optimize future studies of this kind.
Inglis, A. R.; Dennis, B. R. [Solar Physics Laboratory, Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States)
The New Suburbs: Evolving travel behavior, the built environment, and subway investments in Mexico City
analysis of built environment characteristics on householdTravel and the Built Environment -- A Meta-Analysis. Journalnon-work travel. Built Environment, 18(4), 253�267. Hess, D.
Guerra, Erick
Secretaries Chu and Locke to Travel to China Next Week | Department...
Secretaries Chu and Locke to Travel to China Next Week Secretaries Chu and Locke to Travel to China Next Week July 6, 2009 - 12:00am Addthis WASHINGTON -- Energy Secretary Steven...
Enterprise design for services : a systems approach for the Boeing next generation corporate travel system architecture
Typically a company's second largest controllable expense, corporate travel affects many employees at Boeing. A challenge when implementing improvements in the travel and expense system, which is actually comprised of a ...
Silva, Hector E
Energy Secretary Steven Chu to Travel to Bay Area to Highlight...
Steven Chu to Travel to Bay Area to Highlight State of the Union Address, Commitment to Clean Energy Energy Secretary Steven Chu to Travel to Bay Area to Highlight State of the...
Nonlinear whistler wave scattering in space plasmas
In this paper the evolution of nonlinear scattering of whistler mode waves by kinetic Alfven waves (KAW) in time and two spatial dimensions is studied analytically. The authors suggest this nonlinear process as a mechanism of kinetic Alfven wave generation in space plasmas. This mechanism can explain the dependence of Alfven wave generation on whistler waves observed in magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas. The observational data show a dependence for the generation of long periodic pulsations Pc5 on whistler wave excitation in the auroral and subauroral zone of the magnetosphere. This dependence was first observed by Ondoh T.I. For 79 cases of VLF wave excitation registered by Ondoh at College Observatory (L=64.6 N), 52 of them were followed by Pc5 geomagnetic pulsation generation. Similar results were obtained at the Loparskaia Observatory (L=64 N) for auroral and subauroral zone of the magnetosphere. Thus, in 95% of the cases when VLF wave excitation occurred the generation of long periodic geomagnetic pulsations Pc5 were observed. The observations also show that geomagnetic pulsations Pc5 are excited simultaneously or insignificantly later than VLF waves. In fact these two phenomena are associated genetically: the excitation of VLF waves leads to the generation of geomagnetic pulsations Pc5. The observations show intensive generation of geomagnetic pulsations during thunderstorms. Using an electromagnetic noise monitoring system covering the ULF range (0.01-10 Hz) A.S. Fraser-Smith observed intensive ULF electromagnetic wave during a large thunderstorm near the San-Francisco Bay area on September 23, 1990. According to this data the most significant amplification in ULF wave activity was observed for waves with a frequency of 0.01 Hz and it is entirely possible that stronger enhancements would have been measured at lower frequencies.
Yukhimuk, V.; Roussel-Dupre, R.
Cost effective solar hot water system for econo-travel motor hotel located at Hampton, VA
This paper gives the final report of a cost effective solar hot water heating system installed on the Econo-Travel Motor Hotel at 2708 Mercury Boulevard, Hampton, Virginia. The description of the system along with the final cost breakdown, performance data and payback time are given. The payback time for the installed system will be approximately four (4) years instead of the 6.65 years estimated for the proposal. The additional savings is due to the reduction in the peak demand charge since the electric hot water heaters are not required to operate at the same time each morning as the dryers used for the laundry. As called for in the proposal to DOE, the success of the system will be determined by the reduction in the utility cost and reduced use of our fossil fuels. The results shown in the hotel's monthly electricity bills indicate that this goal has been accomplished.
Cost effective solar hot water system for Econo-Travel Motor Hotel, Chesapeake, Virginia. Final report
The final report of a cost effective solar hot water heating system installed on the Econo-Travel Motor Hotel at 4725 W. Military Highway, Chesapeake, Virginia, is presented. The description of the system along with the final breakdown performance data and payback time are given. The payback time for the installed system will be approximately four (4) years instead of the 6.65 years estimated for the proposal. The additional savings is due to the reduction in the peak demand charge since the electric hot water heaters are not required to operate at the same time each morning as the dryers used for the laundry. As called for in the proposal to DOE, the success of the system will be determined by the reduction in the utility cost and reduced use of our fossil fuels. The results shown in the hotel's monthly electricity bills indicate that this goal has been accomplished.
Watching Gravitational Waves
In the vicinity of merging neutron strar binaries or supernova remnants, gravitational waves can interact with the prevailing strong magnetic fields. The resulting partial conversion of gravitational waves into electromagnetic (radio) waves might prove to be an indirect way of detecting gravitational waves from such sources. Another interesting interaction considered in this article is the excitation of magnetosonic plasma waves by a gravitational wave passing through the surrounding plasma. The transfer of gravitational wave energy into the plasma might help to fuel the `fireball' of electromagnetic radiation observed in gamma ray bursts. In the last section of the article, a dispersion relation is derived for such magnetosonic plasma waves driven by a gravitational wave.
Joachim Moortgat
MHK Technologies/WaveStar | Open Energy Information
WaveStar WaveStar < MHK Technologies Jump to: navigation, search << Return to the MHK database homepage WaveStar.jpg Technology Profile Primary Organization Wave Star Energy Project(s) where this technology is utilized *MHK Projects/Wave Star Energy 1 10 Scale Model Test Technology Resource Click here Wave Technology Type Click here Point Absorber Technology Readiness Level Click here TRL 5/6: System Integration and Technology Laboratory Demonstration Technology Description The Wave Star machine does not form a barrier against the waves - with a view to harnessing all their energy - but instead cuts in at right angles to the direction of the wave. In this way, the waves run through the length of the machine and the energy is utilized in a continuous process, which produces a smooth output. On each side of the oblong Wave Star machine, there are a number of hemisphere-shaped floats, which are half submerged in the water. When a wave rolls in, the floats are pressed up - one after the other - until the wave subsides. Each float is positioned at the end of an arm and pumps energy by the vertical movement of the waves up and down. Every time a float is raised or lowered, a piston presses oil into the machine's common transmission system. The pressure drives a hydraulic motor, which drives a generator, which produces electricity. As the machine is several wave lengths long, the floats will work continuously to harness the energy and produce a smooth output.
Generalised Kundt waves and their physical interpretation
We present the complete family of space-times with a non-expanding, shear-free, twist-free, geodesic principal null congruence (Kundt waves) that are of algebraic type III and for which the cosmological constant ($\\Lambda_c$) is non-zero. The possible presence of an aligned pure radiation field is also assumed. These space-times generalise the known vacuum solutions of type N with arbitrary $\\Lambda_c$ and type III with $\\Lambda_c=0$. It is shown that there are two, one and three distinct classes of solutions when $\\Lambda_c$ is respectively zero, positive and negative. The wave surfaces are plane, spherical or hyperboloidal in Minkowski, de Sitter or anti-de Sitter backgrounds respectively, and the structure of the family of wave surfaces in the background space-time is described. The weak singularities which occur in these space-times are interpreted in terms of envelopes of the wave surfaces.
J. B. Griffiths; P. Docherty; J. Podolsky
Dissipation in Internal Tides and Solitary Waves
Solitons have been observed and studied on the Scotian Shelf using the vertical microstructure profiler EPSONDE. During one tidal cycle a packet of solitary waves has been sampled four times as it propagated onto the shelf to examine its ...
H. Sandstrom; N. S. Oakey
Travelers Rest, South Carolina: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
Travelers Rest, South Carolina: Energy Resources Travelers Rest, South Carolina: Energy Resources Jump to: navigation, search Equivalent URI DBpedia Coordinates 34.9676167°, -82.4434548° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":34.9676167,"lon":-82.4434548,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Check shot seismic velocity surveys were collected in 100 B/C, 200 East, 200-PO-1 Operational Unit (OU), and the Gable Gap areas in order to provide time-depth correlation information to aid the interpretation of existing seismic reflection data acquired at the Hanford Site (Figure 1). This report details results from 5 wells surveyed in fiscal year (FY) 2008, 7 wells in FY 2009, and 17 wells in FY 2010 and provides summary compressional-wave seismic velocity information to help guide future seismic survey design as well as improve current interpretations of the seismic data (SSC 1979/1980; SGW-39675; SGW-43746). Augmenting the check shot database are four surveys acquired in 2007 in support of the Bechtel National, Inc. Waste Treatment Plant construction design (PNNL-16559, PNNL-16652), and check shot surveys in three wells to support seismic testing in the 200 West Area (Waddell et al., 1999). Additional sonic logging was conducted during the late 1970s and early 1980s as part of the Basalt Waste Isolation Program (BWIP) (SSC 1979/1980) and check shot/sonic surveys as part of the safety report for the Skagit/Hanford Nuclear project (RDH/10-AMCP-0164). Check shot surveys are used to obtain an in situ measure of compressional-wave seismic velocity for sediment and rock in the vicinity of the well point, and provide the seismic-wave travel time to geologic horizons of interest. The check shot method deploys a downhole seismic receiver (geophone) to record the arrival of seismic waves generated by a source at the ground surface. The travel time of the first arriving seismic-wave is determined and used to create a time-depth function to correlate encountered geologic intervals with the seismic data. This critical tie with the underlying geology improves the interpretation of seismic reflection profile information. Fieldwork for this investigation was conducted by in house staff during the weeks of September 22, 2008 for 5 wells in the 200 East Area (Figure 2); June 1, 2009 for 7 wells in the 200-PO-1 OU and Gable Gap regions (see Figure 3 and Figure 4); and March 22, 2010 and April 19, 2010 for 17 wells in the 200 East, The initial scope of survey work was planned for Wells 299-EI8-1, 699-2-E14, 699-12-18, 699-16-51, 699-42-30, 699-53-55B, 699-54-18D, and 699-84-34B. Well 299-E18-1 could not be entered due to bent casing (prevented removal of the pump), wells 699-12-18 and 699-42-30 could not be safely reached by the logging truck, Well 699-16-51 was decommissioned prior to survey start, Well 699-53-55B did not have its pump pulled, and Wells 699-2-EI4, 699-54-18D, and 699-84-34B are artesian and capped with an igloo structure. Table 1 provides a list of wells that were surveyed and Figure 1 through Figure 5 show the well locations relative to the Hanford Site.
Inspection of the Secretary of Energy`s foreign travel
On December 9, 1995, the Secretary of Energy requested that the Department`s Inspector General (IG) conduct a thorough examination of all Secretarial foreign travel from 1993 to December 1995 to include the purpose of each trip, the activities of each Federal participant in each trip, the funding of each trip, and claims for reimbursements for expenses by Federal trip participants. The Secretary also requested that the review include an assessment of travel authorization, voucher, traveler reimbursement, and auditing systems employed by the Department to identify steps that could be taken to reduce errors and improve accounting oversight. Additionally, the Secretary requested that the Inspector General conduct a thorough examination of the establishment and filling of the Department`s Ombudsman position. The Office of Inspector General (OIG) initiated a review into these matters and assigned primary responsibility for the review to the Office of Inspections. The purpose of this inspection was to conduct a thorough examination of the 16 Secretarial foreign trips from June 1993 to December 1995. This report focuses on the four trade missions because of their extent and cost. We examined a number of Departmental management systems and processes involved in planning and executing the 16 foreign trips. To determine the actual cost of the 16 trips, it was necessary to determine who participated in the trips and to identify the individual travel costs. We were required to perform extensive reviews of records and conduct a large number of interviews because the Department could not provide any specific documents that could accurately account for who actually participated on the 16 trips. Having identified who participated, it was then necessary to examine key aspects of the Department`s management systems. Our report contains 31 recommendations for corrective action.
Laboratory Evaluation of Fine-mesh Traveling Water Screens
This report presents final results of four years of laboratory evaluations on performance of fine-mesh traveling water screens to protect larval fish at cooling water intake structures (CWISs). Prior to this study, the biological effectiveness of fine-mesh screens was uncertain because performance data from the few existing facilities that use fine-mesh screens have been highly variable. This project is producing additional data necessary to determine biological efficacy of fine-mesh screens.
Gravity Waves from Thunderstorms
Gravity waves generated by severe thunderstorms in the eastern Ohio-Pennsylvania area were recorded by an array of microbarovariographs at Palisades, New York and by standard microbarographs across northeastern United States. The waves were ...
Nambath K. Balachandran
Travel determinants and multi-scale transferability of national activity patterns to local populations
The ability to transfer national travel patterns to a local population is of interest when attempting to model megaregions or areas that exceed metropolitan planning organization (MPO) boundaries. At the core of this research are questions about the connection between travel behavior and land use, urban form, and accessibility. As a part of this process, a group of land use variables have been identified to define activity and travel patterns for individuals and households. The 2001 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) participants are divided into categories comprised of a set of latent cluster models representing persons, travel, and land use. These are compared to two sets of cluster models constructed for two local travel surveys. Comparison of means statistical tests are used to assess differences among sociodemographic groups residing in localities with similar land uses. The results show that the NHTS and the local surveys share mean population activity and travel characteristics. However, these similarities mask behavioral heterogeneity that are shown when distributions of activity and travel behavior are examined. Therefore, data from a national household travel survey cannot be used to model local population travel characteristics if the goal to model the actual distributions and not mean travel behavior characteristics.
Henson, Kriste M [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Gou; ias, Konstadinos G [UCSB
How Do You Go Green When You Travel? | Department of Energy
Go Green When You Travel? Go Green When You Travel? How Do You Go Green When You Travel? September 30, 2010 - 7:30am Addthis On Monday, John told you about green travel and a program in his area that allows lodging facilities to verify that they are practicing green activities. Many of the activities, however, require that travelers take the step to be green. Choices such as less frequent linen service are opportunities to save water and energy while traveling. How do you go green when you travel? E-mail your responses to the Energy Saver team at email@example.com. Addthis Related Articles How Do You Reduce the Amount of Energy Used by Your Televisions? How Would You Use a Smart Meter to Manage Your Energy Use? How Has a Ceiling Fan Affected the Way You Heat and Cool Your Home
Tube-wave Seismic Imaging and Monitoring Method for Oil ...
Valeri Korneev at Berkeley National Lab has developed a low cost method for real-time seismic monitoring of underground fluid reservoirs based on tube-wave analysis.
Available Technologies: Green Wave: Energy-Efficient HPC ...
A Berkeley Lab team led by John Shalf and David Donofrio developed Green Wave, a energy-efficient computing platform that can perform critical Reverse Time Migration ...
Shock wave absorber having apertured plate
The shock or energy absorber disclosed herein utilizes an apertured plate maintained under the normal level of liquid flowing in a piping system and disposed between the normal liquid flow path and a cavity pressurized with a compressible gas. The degree of openness (or porosity) of the plate is between 0.01 and 0.60. The energy level of a shock wave travelling down the piping system thus is dissipated by some of the liquid being jetted through the apertured plate toward the cavity. The cavity is large compared to the quantity of liquid jetted through the apertured plate, so there is little change in its volume. The porosity of the apertured plate influences the percentage of energy absorbed.
Shin, Yong W. (Western Springs, IL); Wiedermann, Arne H. (Chicago Heights, IL); Ockert, Carl E. (Vienna, VA)
Shin, Y.W.; Wiedermann, A.H.; Ockert, C.E.
Raising Photoemission Efficiency with Surface Acoustic Waves
We are developing a novel technique that may help increase the efficiency and reduce costs of photoelectron sources used at electron accelerators. The technique is based on the use of Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) in piezoelectric materials, such as GaAs, that are commonly used as photocathodes. Piezoelectric fields produced by the traveling SAW spatially separate electrons and holes, reducing their probability of recombination, thereby enhancing the photoemission quantum efficiency of the photocathode. Additional advantages could be increased polarization provided by the enhanced mobility of charge carriers that can be controlled by the SAW and the ionization of optically-generated excitons resulting in the creation of additional electron-hole pairs. It is expected that these novel features will reduce the cost of accelerator operation. A theoretical model for photoemission in the presence of SAW has been developed, and experimental tests of the technique are underway.
A. Afanasev, F. Hassani, C.E. Korman, V.G. Dudnikov, R.P. Johnson, M. Poelker, K.E.L. Surles-Law
Airport Gate Scheduling with Time Windows
In contrast to the existing airport gate assignment studies where flight have fixed schedules, we consider the more realistic situation where flight arrival and departure times can change. Although we minimize walking distances (or travel time) in our ... Keywords: aircraft gate scheduling, memetic algorithm, tabu search
A. Lim; B. Rodrigues; Y. Zhu
The Effect of Wave Breaking on the Wave Energy Spectrum
The effect of wave breaking on the wave energy spectral shape is examined. The Stokes wave-breaking criterion is first extended to random waves and a breaking wave model is established in which the elevation of breaking waves is expressed in ...
C. C. Tung; N. E. Huang
Ultrasonic Guided Wave Inspection of Tubing: Volume 2: Theoretical Basis for Ultrasonic Guided Waves as a Tube Inspection Tool
By reducing inspection time and providing the sensitivity necessary to ensure a reliable inspection, ultrasonic guided wave technology has the potential to reduce steam generator inspection costs considerably.
An Efficient Numerical Scheme for Simulating Unidirectional Irregular Waves Based on a Hybrid Wave Model
The Unidirectional Hybrid Wave Model (UHWM) predicts irregular wave kinematics and pressure accurately in comparison with its linear counterpart and modification, especially near the free surface. Hence, in using the Morrison equation it has been employed in the computation of wave loads on a moored floating structure, such as Spar or TLP (Tension Leg Platform), which can be approximated by a slender body or a number of slender components. Dr. Jun Zhang, with his former and current graduate students, have developed a numerical code, known as COUPLE, over the past two decades, simulating 6 Degree Of Freedom (DOF) motions of a moored floating structures interacting with waves, current and wind. COUPLE employs UHWM as a module for computing wave loads on a floating structure. However, when the duration of simulating the wave-structure interaction is long, say 3 hours (typically required by the offshore industry for extreme storm cases), the computation time of using UHWM increases significantly in comparisons with the counterpart based upon linear wave theory. This study is to develop a numerical scheme which may significantly reduce the CPU time in the use of UHWM and COUPLE. In simulating irregular (or random) waves following a JONSWAP spectrum of a given cut off frequency, the number of free wave components in general grows linearly with the increase of the simulation duration. The CPU time for using a linear spectral method to simulate irregular waves is roughly proportion to N2, where N is the number of free wave components used in simulating irregular waves, while that for using a nonlinear wave model, such as UHWM, it is roughly proportional to N3. Therefore, to reduce the CPU time, the total simulation duration is divided into a number of segments. However, due to the nature of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), the connection between the two neighboring surface elevations segments is likely discontinuous. To avoid the discontinuity, an overlapped duration between the two neighboring segments is adopted. For demonstration, a free-wave spectrum is input to COUPLE for simulating the 6 DOF motions of a floating 5-MW wind turbine installed on an OC3 moored Spar and tensions in the mooring lines. It is shown that the CPU time for the above simulation for duration of 2048 seconds is reduced from more than16 hours when the irregular wave elevation and kinematics are calculated without dividing into segments to less than three hours when those are calculated by dividing into five segments.
Jia, Dongxing 1984-
Wave Power Demonstration Project at Reedsport, Oregon
Ocean wave power can be a significant source of large?scale, renewable energy for the US electrical grid. The Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI) conservatively estimated that 20% of all US electricity could be generated by wave energy. Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (OPT), with funding from private sources and the US Navy, developed the PowerBuoy? to generate renewable energy from the readily available power in ocean waves. OPT's PowerBuoy converts the energy in ocean waves to electricity using the rise and fall of waves to move the buoy up and down (mechanical stroking) which drives an electric generator. This electricity is then conditioned and transmitted ashore as high?voltage power via underwater cable. OPT's wave power generation system includes sophisticated techniques to automatically tune the system for efficient conversion of random wave energy into low cost green electricity, for disconnecting the system in large waves for hardware safety and protection, and for automatically restoring operation when wave conditions normalize. As the first utility scale wave power project in the US, the Wave Power Demonstration Project at Reedsport, OR, will consist of 10 PowerBuoys located 2.5 miles off the coast. This U.S. Department of Energy Grant funding along with funding from PNGC Power, an Oregon?based electric power cooperative, was utilized for the design completion, fabrication, assembly and factory testing of the first PowerBuoy for the Reedsport project. At this time, the design and fabrication of this first PowerBuoy and factory testing of the power take?off subsystem are complete; additionally the power take?off subsystem has been successfully integrated into the spar.
Mekhiche, Mike [Principal Investigator] [Principal Investigator; Downie, Bruce [Project Manager] [Project Manager
Principle Power Inc. and National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) have completed a contract to assess the technical and economic feasibility of integrating wave energy converters into the WindFloat, resulting in a new concept called the WindWaveFloat (WWF). The concentration of several devices on one platform could offer a potential for both economic and operational advantages. Wind and wave energy converters can share the electrical cable and power transfer equipment to transport the electricity to shore. Access to multiple generation devices could be simplified, resulting in cost saving at the operational level. Overall capital costs may also be reduced, provided that the design of the foundation can be adapted to multiple devices with minimum modifications. Finally, the WindWaveFloat confers the ability to increase energy production from individual floating support structures, potentially leading to a reduction in levelized energy costs, an increase in the overall capacity factor, and greater stability of the electrical power delivered to the grid. The research conducted under this grant investigated the integration of several wave energy device types into the WindFloat platform. Several of the resulting system designs demonstrated technical feasibility, but the size and design constraints of the wave energy converters (technical and economic) make the WindWaveFloat concept economically unfeasible at this time. Not enough additional generation could be produced to make the additional expense associated with wave energy conversion integration into the WindFloat worthwhile.
Property:Real-Time | Open Energy Information
Real-Time Real-Time Jump to: navigation, search Property Name Real-Time Property Type String Pages using the property "Real-Time" Showing 25 pages using this property. (previous 25) (next 25) 1 1.5-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 10-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 11-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 2 2-ft Flume Facility + No + 3 3-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 5 5-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + 6 6-ft Wave Flume Facility + No + A Alden Large Flume + Yes + Alden Small Flume + Yes + Alden Tow Tank + Yes + Alden Wave Basin + Yes + B Breakwater Research Facility + No + Bucknell Hydraulic Flume + No + C Carderock 2-ft Variable Pressure Cavitation Water Tunnel + No + Carderock 3-ft Variable Pressure Cavitation Water Tunnel + No + Carderock Circulating Water Channel + No +
A method of identification and quantification of absorbed chemical species by measuring changes in both the velocity and the attenuation of an acoustic wave traveling through a thin film into which the chemical species is sorbed. The dual output response provides two independent sensor responses from a single sensing device thereby providing twice as much information as a single output sensor. This dual output technique and analysis allows a single sensor to provide both the concentration and the identity of a chemical species or permits the number of sensors required for mixtures to be reduced by a factor of two.
Frye, Gregory C. (Cedar Crest, NM); Martin, Stephen J. (Albuquerque, NM)
Calculation of Extreme Wave Loads on Coastal Highway Bridges
Coastal bridges are exposed to severe wave, current and wind forces during a hurricane. Most coastal bridges are not designed to resist wave loads in such extreme situations, and there are no existing analytical methods to calculate wave loads on coastal highway bridges. This study focuses on developing a new scheme to estimate the extreme wave loads on bridges for designing purpose. In order to do this, a 2D wave velocity potential model (2D Model) is set up for the deterministic analysis of wave force on bridge decks. 2D Model is a linear wave model, which has the capability of calculating wave velocity potential components in time domain based on wave parameters such as wave height, wave period and water depth, and complex structural geometries. 2D Model has Laplace equation as general equation. The free surface boundary, incoming and outgoing wave boundary conditions are linearized, decomposed first, and then solved by the finite difference method. Maximum wave forces results calculated by the linear 2D Model are compared with results from CFD software Flow3D that is using Navier Stokes theory up to the 5th order; and 2D Model is validated by comparing results with experiment data. A case study is conducted for calculating extreme wave forces on I-10 Bridge across Escambia Bay, Florida during Hurricane Ivan in September 2004.SWAN model is adapted to investigate the parameters of wave heights and wave periods around bridge sites. SWAN model has the capability of predicting or hindcasting significant wave heights and wave periods as long as the domain and input parameters are given. The predicted significant wave heights are compared with measurements by Buoy Station 42039 and 42040 nearest to Escambia Bay. A new prediction equation of maximum uplift wave forces on bridge decks is developed in terms of wave height, wave period, water depth, bridge width, water clearance and over top water load. To develop the equations, the relationship is investigated between maximum uplift wave forces and wave parameters, water clearance, green water effects and bridge width. 2D Model is used for up to 1886 cases with difference parameters. Flow3D model is adopted to determine coefficients of water clearance and green water effects, which cannot be calculated by 2D Model.
Meng, Bo
Incorporating attitudes in airline itinerary choice : modeling the impact of elapsed time
Network airlines traditionally try to minimize the elapsed time of their passengers in connecting travel, based on the assumption that longer elapsed times would make their itinerary less competitive and thus reduce their ...
Theis, Georg Wilhelm
Active Reflection Absorption for a Three Dimensional Multidirectional Wave Generator
In order to implement an accurate system that allows for absorption of reflected waves impinging to a wave maker (Active Reflection Absorption), it was required to apply a method to estimate properly the direction of arrival of the waves that does it in the fastest way possible. Our wavemaker control system has been prepared to handle an algorithm provided by Bosch-Rexroth where the wave angle estimation is practically locked to a very narrow frequency band (spatial gain-mixer). The system was evaluated with physical tests in a 3D wave basin for different conditions of reflected waves arriving with an angle to the wavemaker front, and acceptable performance has been found for the 3D ARA mode. However, for certain conditions over-compensation or sub-compensation can develop resulting in a poor absorption. This is mainly related to not being able to determine accurately the direction from which the reflected waves travel towards the wavemaker. The present work employed concepts found in the areas of antenna array signal processing and signal propagation, which were applied to this problem. This approach coupled naturally with our wavemaker system since it was prepared with 48 gages that can be employed in an array antenna fashion. A program was codified from an algorithm found in literature to calculate the Direction of Arrival (DOA) of the reflected waves. The focus for the testing of this program was with regular waves. The tests were conducted to validate the program with different angles of incidence and show that for regular waves the program was able to detect accurately the DOA of these in as few as 5 snapshots, with a minimum of 7 gages used as the antenna input. With data obtained directly from the control system of our wavemaker using regular waves, the program was able to determine the DOA. The computational burden of the algorithm is not significant in the case of regular waves. A modification of the program is required to analyze the DOA of reflected irregular waves, which could increase the computational burden. Actual implementation of this program to our control system depends on cooperation with Bosch-Rexroth.
Cruz Castro, Oscar
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REQUEST AND AUTHORIZATION FOR OFFICIAL TRAVEL (Change of Station)
REQUEST AND AUTHORIZATION FOR OFFICIAL TRAVEL (Change of Station) REQUEST AND AUTHORIZATION FOR OFFICIAL TRAVEL (Change of Station) (Do Not Remove Carbons) DOE F 1510.9 (07-93) (Previously CR-279A) (07-89 edition may be used) 1. Amendment 2. Division/Office Code 3. (Leave Blank) Authorization Number 4. Employee's Name (First name, middle initial and last name) 5. Spouse Plans To: 6. No. of Dependents Age 12 and Over Traveling with Employee (excluding spouse) 7. No. of Dependents Under 12 Traveling with Employee 8. No. of Dependents Age 12 and Over Traveling Separately (excluding spouse) 9. No. of Dependents Under 12 Traveling Separately 10. Estimate in Whole Dollars (For Administrative Services Use) 11. Present Duty Station i. Total Items e. thru h. 12. Date 1 - Yr. Agreement
Highway travel and fuel comsumption from 1970 to 1980
The change in fuel price and availability (1970-80) has had a profound impact on the way and the extent of travel. Within the decade there were two precipitous increases in fuel price among a posture of steadily rising energy costs. In response to these price increases, a number of public policies were enacted. For instance, the 55-mph speed limit was imposed in 1974. At the end of that same year, the Federal Energy Administration and the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) were formulated to prescribe certain conservation guidelines for states to follow in formulating their own programs. Specifically, EPCA established a program for the development of plans designed for the promotion of energy conservation and a reduction of the energy demand growth rate. Parallel to the conservation measures are technological improvements in vehicle fuel consumption. EPCA mandated that automobile manufacturers achieve fuel efficiency incrementally through 1985 to reach an average fuel economy of 27.5 mpg. This article reviews the historical impact of these factors from 1970 through 1980. Its objective is to observe the relative significance of each of these energy-saving alternatives on the growth rate of travel and fuel use. This historical perspective is particularly interesting since it presents the before-and-after effects of two ''crises'' occurring during this 10-year period. 1 figure, 10 tables.
Chan, Y.
owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy�s National Nuclear Security Administration. SAND # 2013-8893 P WAVE REFLE TOR
Trimodal steady water waves
We construct three-dimensional families of small-amplitude gravity-driven rotational steady water waves on finite depth. The solutions contain counter-currents and multiple crests in each minimal period. Each such wave generically is a combination of three different Fourier modes, giving rise to a rich and complex variety of wave patterns. The bifurcation argument is based on a blow-up technique, taking advantage of three parameters associated with the vorticity distribution, the strength of the background stream, and the period of the wave.
Mats Ehrnstr�m; Erik Wahl�n
RFI Comments - Wave Systems
... These attacks, such as those planted by rootkits ... PwC leveraged the power of TPMs to ... Wave EMBASSY� Remote Administration Server (ERAS) has ...
Energy Basics: Wave Energy
Energy Basics Renewable Energy Printable Version Share this resource Biomass Geothermal Hydrogen Hydropower Ocean Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Tidal Energy Wave Energy...
Collapse of Alfven waves
The growth rates are calculated for the collapse of Alfven waves in a low-..beta.. plasma. The relationship to rf heating is discussed.(AIP)
Erokhin, N.S.; Moiseev, S.S.; Mukhin, V.V.
Gravity waves from vortex dipoles and jets
The dissertation first investigates gravity wave generation and propagation from jets within idealized vortex dipoles using a nonhydrostatic mesoscale model. Several initially balanced and localized jets induced by vortex dipoles are examined here. Within these dipoles, inertia-gravity waves with intrinsic frequencies 1-2 times the Coriolis parameter are simulated in the jet exit region. The ray tracing analysis reveals strong variation of wave characteristics along ray paths. The dependence of wave amplitude on the Rossby number is examined through experiments in which the two vortices are initially separated by a large distance but subsequently approach each other and form a vortex dipole with an associated amplifying localized jet. The amplitude of stationary gravity waves in the simulations with a 90-km grid spacing increases nearly linearly with the square of the Rossby number but significantly more rapidly when smaller grid spacing is used. To further address the source mechanism of the gravity waves within the vortex dipole, a linear numerical framework is developed based on the framework proposed by Plougonven and Zhang (2007). Using the nonlinearly balanced fields as the basic state and driven by three types of large scale forcing, the vorticity, divergence and thermodynamic forcing, this linear model is utilized to obtain linear wave responses. The wave packets in the linear responses compare reasonably well with the MM5 simulated gravity waves. It is suggested that the vorticity forcing is the leading contribution to both gravity waves in the jet exit region and the ascent/descent feature in the jet core. This linear model is also adopted to study inertia-gravity waves in the vicinity of a baroclinic jet during the life cycle of an idealized baroclinic wave. It is found that the thermodynamic forcing and the vorticity forcing are equally important to the gravity waves in the low stratosphere, but the divergence forcing is again playing a lesser role. Two groups of wave packets are present in the linear responses; their sources appear to locate either near the surface front or near the middle/upper tropospheric jet.
Wang, Shuguang
analysis of built environment characteristics on householdand public policies. Environment and Planning A, 39(9),Travel and the Built Environment -- A Meta-Analysis. Journal
Guerra, Erick Strom
The New Suburbs: Evolving travel behavior, the built environment, and subway investment in Mexico City
Video Transit Training for Older Travelers: A Case Study of the Rossmoor Senior Adult Community, California
Video Transit Training for Older Travelers Case Study of theto develop a transit training video for residents of themunity in California. The video features familiar community
Shaheen, Susan A; Rodier, Caroline J
Shaheen, Susan; Rodier, Caroline J.
KCP installs steel cable mesh that can stop a 20 pound item traveling...
item traveling 240 mph Posted By Office of Public Affairs Construction of the Kansas City Plant at the new National Security Campus has included some unique building...
DOE M 552.1-1A, U.S. Department of Energy Travel Manual
The Manual supplements information in the Federal Travel Regulation (FTR) by providing further clarification and establishing Department of Energy (DOE) policy ...
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Urban Flooding: Implications for Transportation Infrastructure and Travel Disruption
hydrology. Transportation infrastructure and travel patternsnot only damaged various infrastructures but also disruptednot hold true in new infrastructure design and management (
Chang, Heejun; Lafrenz, Martin; Jung, II-Won; Figliozzi, Miguell; Platman, Deena
A California Statewide Exploratory Analysis Correlating Land Use Density, Infrastructure Supply and Travel Behavior
Land Use Density, Infrastructure Supply and Travel Behaviorof employment and infrastructure supply are used togetherCalifonia. Land use and infrastructure have a significant,
Yoon, Seo Youn; Golob, Thomas F.; Goulias, Konstadinos G.
Journeys in the Palimpsest: British women's travel to Greece,1840-1914.
??Discussions of British travel to Greece in the nineteenth century have been dominated by the work of Lord Byron. Byron�s contemporary Greeks were Orientalised, while� (more)
Mahn, Churnjeet Kaur
Preference accommodating and preference shaping : incorporating traveler preferences into transportation planning
This dissertation examines the psychological factors that influence travel behavior such as people's personality traits, environmental attitudes, car pride and perceptions of convenience and comfort. Despite the recognition ...
Zhao, Jinhua, 1977-
Secretary Bodman to Travel to the Middle East to Advance International...
efficiency. Secretary Bodman will depart on Monday, January 14, 2008 and travel to Jordan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Egypt. "To increase global energy...
High Speed Trains for California (Volume II: Detailed Segment Descriptions, Cost Estimates, and Travel Time Calculations)
~ o~ CalSpeed:Capital Cost Estimates OAKLAND-RICHMOND (SP r/minutes). CalSpeed:Capital Cost Estimates HERCULES-FAIRFIELDCalSpeed:Capital Cost Estimates GRAPEVINE:5.0% ALTERNATIVE
Hall, Peter; Leavitt, Dan; Vaca, Erin
Fates and travel times of Denmark Strait Overflow Water in the Irminger Basin
The Denmark Strait Overflow (DSO) supplies about one third of the North Atlantic Deep Water and is critical to the global thermohaline circulation. Knowledge of the pathways of DSO through the Irminger Basin and its transformation there is still ...
Inga Koszalka; Thomas W. N. Haine; Marcello G. Magaldi
Aggregate Relationships between Telecommunications and Travel: Structural Equation Modeling of Time Series Data
Energy Review) Consumer price indices (CPIs) for private and public transportation, and airline ** Bureau of Labor Statistics (Monthly
Choo, Sangho
A Note on the Ichoua et al (2003) Travel Time Model
by users in a number of different metropolitan areas in the United States. [2] proposed a ..... with Pij the set of simple paths on G, connecting customer/facility i to.
Does telecommuting reduce vehicle-miles traveled? An aggregate time series analysis for the US
of Telecommuting. US DOE Office of Policy, Planning, andProgram Evaluation, Report No. DOE/PO-0026, Washington, DC.Holtzclaw, John (undated): �Does a mile in a car equal a
Choo, Sangho; Mokhtarian, Patricia L; Salomon, Ilan
A quantum mechanical look at time travel and free will Daniel Greenberger
, City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA Karl Svozil Institute://tph.tuwien.ac.at/~svozil 1 #12;I. CLASSICAL PART 1. Principle of self-consistency An irreducible, atomic physical phenomenon
Svozil, Karl
TIME REVERSAL ACOUSTIC NONCONTACT SOURCE - Energy Innovation ...
The present invention provides a flexible noncontact source of wave energy through the use of time reversal. In the preferred embodiment a ...
Electrokinetic (EK) phenomena in sediments arise from relative fluid motion in the pore space, which perturbs the electrostatic equilibrium of the double layer at the grain surface. We have developed EK techniques in the laboratory to monitor acoustic wave propagation in electrolyte-saturated, unconsolidated sediments. Our experimental results indicate that as an acoustic wave travels through electrolyte-saturated sand, it can generate electric potentials greater than 1 mV. A careful study of these potentials was performed using medium-grain sand and loose glass microspheres for a range of pore fluid salinities and ultrasonic frequencies. Experimental results are also shown to compare well with numerical and analytical modeling based on the coupled electrokinetic-Biot theory developed by Pride (1994).
Block, G
Free-Wave Energy Dissipation in Experimental Breaking Waves
Several transient wave trains containing an isolated plunging or spilling breaker at a prescribed location were generated in a two-dimensional wave flume using an energy focusing technique. Surface elevation measurements of each transient wave ...
Eustorgio Meza; Jun Zhang; Richard J. Seymour
Transformation from spots to waves in a model of actin pattern formation
Actin networks in certain single-celled organisms exhibit a complex pattern-forming dynamics that starts with the appearance of static spots of actin on the cell cortex. Spots soon become mobile, executing persistent random walks, and eventually give rise to traveling waves of actin. Here we describe a possible physical mechanism for this distinctive set of dynamic transformations, by equipping an excitable reaction-diffusion model with a field describing the spatial orientation of its chief constituent (which we consider to be actin). The interplay of anisotropic actin growth and spatial inhibition drives a transformation at fixed parameter values from static spots to moving spots to waves.
Stephen Whitelam; Till Bretschneider; Nigel J. Burroughs
Resonantly Forced Rossby Waves
A shallow, rotating layer of fluid that supports Rossby waves is subjected to turbulent friction through an Ekman layer at the bottom and is driven by a wave that exerts a shear stress on the upper boundary and for which the phase approximate ...
John Miles
Wave Energy Conversion Technology
Wave Energy Conversion Technology Wave Energy Conversion Technology Speaker(s): Mirko Previsic Date: August 2, 2001 - 12:00pm Location: Bldg. 90 Seminar Host/Point of Contact: Julie Osborn Scientists have been working on wave power conversion for the past twenty years, but recent advances in offshore and IT technologies have made it economically competitive. Sea Power & Associates is a Berkeley-based renewable energy technology company. We have developed patented technology to generate electricity from ocean wave energy using a system of concrete buoys and highly efficient hydraulic pumps. Our mission is to provide competitively priced, non-polluting, renewable energy for coastal regions worldwide. Mirko Previsic, founder and CEO, of Sea Power & Associates will discuss ocean wave power, existing technologies for its conversion into
Brain teasers traveling exhibit opens at Los Alamos National Laboratory's
Brain teasers exhibit opens at museum Brain teasers exhibit opens at museum Brain Teasers traveling exhibit opens at Los Alamos National Laboratory's Bradbury Science Museum The interactive exhibit is a collection of more than 20 puzzles and mind benders. December 4, 2008 Los Alamos National Laboratory sits on top of a once-remote mesa in northern New Mexico with the Jemez mountains as a backdrop to research and innovation covering multi-disciplines from bioscience, sustainable energy sources, to plasma physics and new materials. Los Alamos National Laboratory sits on top of a once-remote mesa in northern New Mexico with the Jemez mountains as a backdrop to research and innovation covering multi-disciplines from bioscience, sustainable energy sources, to plasma physics and new materials. Contact
Tiny travelers from deep space could assist in healing Fukushima's
Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors Tiny travelers from deep space could assist in healing Fukushima's nuclear scar Researchers have devised a method to use cosmic rays to gather detailed information from inside the damaged cores of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors. October 17, 2012 Los Alamos National Laboratory Muon Radiography team members stand in front of the damaged Fukushima Daiichi reactor complex during a visit to determine evaluate whether Los Alamos' Scattering Method for cosmic-ray radiography could be used to image the location of nuclear materials within the reactor buildings. Los Alamos National Laboratory Muon Radiography team members stand in front of the damaged Fukushima Daiichi reactor complex during a visit to determine evaluate whether Los Alamos' Scattering Method for cosmic-ray
Secretary Bodman Travels to Russia to Advance Energy Security | Department
Russia to Advance Energy Security Russia to Advance Energy Security Secretary Bodman Travels to Russia to Advance Energy Security March 15, 2006 - 12:20pm Addthis Promotes Transparent Markets and Clean Energy Technologies; Participates in G8 Energy Ministerial and Delivers Remarks on the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership MOSCOW, RUSSIA-U.S. Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman today began a two-day visit to Russia where he will lead the U.S. delegation to the G8 Energy Ministerial. During his visit the Secretary will promote greater energy security through the use of advanced energy technologies, the promotion of stable and transparent investment climates, and increased conservation and energy efficiency. Secretary Bodman will also deliver remarks to the Carnegie Center on the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership
Secretary Bodman Travels to Saudi Arabia to Discuss Global Energy
Saudi Arabia to Discuss Global Energy Saudi Arabia to Discuss Global Energy Investments Secretary Bodman Travels to Saudi Arabia to Discuss Global Energy Investments January 19, 2007 - 10:38am Addthis Furthers Strategic Energy Dialogue between the Nations and Highlights U.S. - Saudi Scientific Innovation RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA - U.S. Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman today continued his six-nation visit to the Middle East and Europe with a two-day stop in Saudi Arabia where he met with Saudi Arabia's Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources Ali Ibrahim Al-Naimi to discuss joint energy cooperation. Secretary Bodman also toured the King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) and will tour the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology during his visit. "The United States and Saudi Arabia enjoy a relationship of global
Secretary Bodman Travels to the Middle East | Department of Energy
the Middle East the Middle East Secretary Bodman Travels to the Middle East November 10, 2005 - 2:22pm Addthis Four-nation swing to emphasize domestic energy needs and goals WASHINGTON, DC - Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman embarked upon a four-nation tour through the Middle East to enhance the United States' relationship with major oil-producing nations, promote economic liberalization and increased foreign investment in the region, and reaffirm U.S. energy policy goals. "Both consumers and producers of energy depend on a vibrant, growing world economy. By working together we can increase the energy and economic security of the United States and our international partners and pursue continued growth and prosperity in developed and developing nations," Secretary Bodman said.
Can dark energy be gravitational waves?
The idea that dark energy is gravitational waves may explain its strength and its time-evolution. A possible concept is that dark energy is the ensemble of coherent bursts (solitons) of gravitational waves originally produced when the first generation of super-massive black holes was formed. These solitons get their initial energy as well as keep up their energy density throughout the evolution of the universe by stimulating emission from a background, a process which we model by working out this energy transfer in a Boltzmann equation approach. New Planck data suggest that dark energy has increased in strength over cosmic time, supporting the concept here. The transit of these gravitational wave solitons may be detectable. Key tests include pulsar timing, clock jitter and the radio background.
Biermann, Peter L
Shear-wave splitting as a tool for the characterization of geothermal
as a tool for the characterization of geothermal as a tool for the characterization of geothermal fractured reservoirs: lessons learned Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: Shear-wave splitting as a tool for the characterization of geothermal fractured reservoirs: lessons learned Details Activities (1) Areas (1) Regions (0) Abstract: We review our experience with the construction of models of subsurface fracturing in geothermal fields by the inversion of shear-wave splitting (SWS) observations from natural and induced seismic events recorded by local arrays of three-component digital seismometers. SWS is a phenomenon whereby shear seismic waves split into two as a result of the mechanical anisotropy created in an otherwise isotropic rock by aligned micro-fractures. The two split waves travel at different speeds, and the
Nonlinear oscillations and waves in an arbitrary mass ratio cold plasma
It is well known that nonlinear standing oscillations in an arbitrary mass ratio cold plasma always phase mix away. However, there exist nonlinear electron-ion traveling wave solutions, which do not exhibit phase mixing because they have zero ponderomotive force. The existence of these waves has been demonstrated using a perturbation method. Moreover, it is shown that cold plasma BGK waves [Albritton et al., Nucl. Fusion 15, 1199 (1975)] phase mix away if ions are allowed to move and the scaling of phase mixing is found to be different from earlier work [Sengupta et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 1867 (1999)]. Phase mixing of these waves has been further verified in 1-D particle in cell simulation.
Verma, Prabal Singh [Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428 (India)
Correlation between Gamma-Ray bursts and Gravitational Waves
The cosmological origin of $\\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) is now commonly accepted and, according to several models for the central engine, GRB sources should also emit at the same time gravitational waves bursts (GWBs). We have performed two correlation searches between the data of the resonant gravitational wave detector AURIGA and GRB arrival times collected in the BATSE 4B catalog. No correlation was found and an upper limit \\bbox{$h_{\\text{RMS}} \\leq 1.5 \\times 10^{-18}$} on the averaged amplitude of gravitational waves associated with $\\gamma$-ray bursts has been set for the first time.
P. Tricarico; A. Ortolan; A. Solaroli; G. Vedovato; L. Baggio; M. Cerdonio; L. Taffarello; J. Zendri; R. Mezzena; G. A. Prodi; S. Vitale; P. Fortini; M. Bonaldi; P. Falferi
Experimental investigation of a moving averaging algorithm for motion perpendicular to the leaf travel direction in dynamic MLC target tracking
Purpose: In dynamic multileaf collimator (MLC) motion tracking with complex intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) fields, target motion perpendicular to the MLC leaf travel direction can cause beam holds, which increase beam delivery time by up to a factor of 4. As a means to balance delivery efficiency and accuracy, a moving average algorithm was incorporated into a dynamic MLC motion tracking system (i.e., moving average tracking) to account for target motion perpendicular to the MLC leaf travel direction. The experimental investigation of the moving average algorithm compared with real-time tracking and no compensation beam delivery is described. Methods: The properties of the moving average algorithm were measured and compared with those of real-time tracking (dynamic MLC motion tracking accounting for both target motion parallel and perpendicular to the leaf travel direction) and no compensation beam delivery. The algorithm was investigated using a synthetic motion trace with a baseline drift and four patient-measured 3D tumor motion traces representing regular and irregular motions with varying baseline drifts. Each motion trace was reproduced by a moving platform. The delivery efficiency, geometric accuracy, and dosimetric accuracy were evaluated for conformal, step-and-shoot IMRT, and dynamic sliding window IMRT treatment plans using the synthetic and patient motion traces. The dosimetric accuracy was quantified via a {gamma}-test with a 3%/3 mm criterion. Results: The delivery efficiency ranged from 89 to 100% for moving average tracking, 26%-100% for real-time tracking, and 100% (by definition) for no compensation. The root-mean-square geometric error ranged from 3.2 to 4.0 mm for moving average tracking, 0.7-1.1 mm for real-time tracking, and 3.7-7.2 mm for no compensation. The percentage of dosimetric points failing the {gamma}-test ranged from 4 to 30% for moving average tracking, 0%-23% for real-time tracking, and 10%-47% for no compensation. Conclusions: The delivery efficiency of moving average tracking was up to four times higher than that of real-time tracking and approached the efficiency of no compensation for all cases. The geometric accuracy and dosimetric accuracy of the moving average algorithm was between real-time tracking and no compensation, approximately half the percentage of dosimetric points failing the {gamma}-test compared with no compensation.
Yoon, Jai-Woong; Sawant, Amit; Suh, Yelin; Cho, Byung-Chul; Suh, Tae-Suk; Keall, Paul [Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea 131-700 and Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 131-700 (Korea, Republic of); Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States); Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 138-736 (Korea, Republic of); Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 131-700 and Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 131-700 (Korea, Republic of); Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States) and Radiation Physics Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 2006 (Australia)
Shock-Wave Theory for Rupture of Rubber Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
Shock-Wave Theory for Rupture of Rubber M. Marder Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Department, ruptures in rubber travel faster than the speed of sound and consist of two oblique shocks that meet their tips. They constitute a new sort of failure mode that combines characteristics of shocks and cracks
Texas at Austin. University of
Wave Energy | Department of Energy
turn, rotates a turbine. Specially built seagoing vessels can also capture the energy of offshore waves. These floating platforms create electricity by funneling waves through...
Wave Energy | Open Energy Information
TODO: Add description List of Wave Energy Incentives Retrieved from "http:en.openei.orgwindex.php?titleWaveEnergy&oldid267203" Category: Articles with outstanding TODO tasks...
Evaluation of a Wind-Wave System for Ensemble Tropical Cyclone Wave Forecasting. Part II: Waves
A wind-wave forecast system, designed with the intention of generating unbiased ensemble wave forecasts for extreme wind events, is assessed. Wave hindcasts for 12 tropical cyclones (TCs) are forced using a wind analysis produced from a ...
Steven M. Lazarus; Samuel T. Wilson; Michael E. Splitt; Gary A. Zarillo
Strongly driven ion acoustic waves in laser produced plasmas
This paper present an experimental study of ion acoustic waves with wavenumbers corresponding to stimulated Brillouin scattering. Time resolved Thomson scattering in frequency and wavenumber space, has permitted to observe the dispersion relation of the waves as a function of the laser intensity. Apart from observing ion acoustic waves associated with a strong second component is observed at laser intensities above 10{sup 13}Wcm{sup {minus}2}.
Baldis, H.A.; Labaune, C.; Renard, N. [Ecole Polytechnique, 91 - Palaiseau (France)] [and others
Ferrimagnetic Spin Wave Resonance and Superconductivity in Carbon Nanotubes
The phenomenon of ferrimagnetic spin wave resonance [uncompensated antiferromagnetic spin wave resonance] has been detected for the first time. It has been observed in carbon nanotubes, produced by high energy ion beam modification of diamond single crystals in $\\ $ direction. Peculiarities of spin wave resonance observed allow to insist on the formation in given nanotubes of $s^+$ superconductivity at room temperature, coexisting with uncompensated antiferromagnetic ordering.
Dmitri Yerchuck; Yauhen Yerchak; Vyacheslav Stelmakh; Alla Dovlatova; Andrey Alexandrov
Finite volume methods for unidirectional dispersive wave models
We extend the framework of the finite volume method to dispersive unidirectional water wave propagation in one space dimension. In particular we consider a KdV-BBM type equation. Explicit and IMEX Runge-Kutta type methods are used for time discretizations. The fully discrete schemes are validated by direct comparisons to analytic solutions. Invariants conservation properties are also studied. Main applications include important nonlinear phenomena such as dispersive shock wave formation, solitary waves and their various interactions.
Dutykh, Denys; Mitsotakis, Dimitrios
Electromechanical Wave Green's Function Estimation from Ambient Electrical Grid Frequency Noise
Many electrical grid transients can be described by the propagation of electromechanical (EM) waves that couple oscillations of power flows over transmission lines and the inertia of synchronous generators. These EM waves can take several forms: large-scale standing waves forming inter-area modes, localized oscillations of single or multi-machine modes, or traveling waves that spread quasi-circularly from major grid disturbances. The propagation speed and damping of these EM waves are potentially a powerful tool for assessing grid stability, e.g. small signal or rotor angle stability, however, EM wave properties have been mostly extracted from post-event analysis of major grid disturbances. Using a small set of data from the FNET sensor network, we show how the spatially resolved Green's function for EM wave propagation can be extracted from ambient frequency noise without the need for a major disturbance. If applied to an entire interconnection, an EM-wave Green's function map will enable a model-independent...
Backhaus, Scott
wave | OpenEI
9 9 Varnish cache server Browse Upload data GDR 429 Throttled (bot load) Error 429 Throttled (bot load) Throttled (bot load) Guru Meditation: XID: 2142281559 Varnish cache server wave Dataset Summary Description This project estimates the naturally available and technically recoverable U.S. wave energy resources, using a 51-month Wavewatch III hindcast database developed especially for this study by National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) National Centers for Environmental Prediction. For total resource estimation, wave power density in terms of kilowatts per meter is aggregated across a unit diameter circle. Source Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Date Released December 05th, 2011 (3 years ago) Date Updated Unknown Keywords
Breakdown of Vertically Propagating Two-Dimensional Gravity Waves Forced by Orography
The propagation of orographic gravity waves into an atmosphere with exponentially decreasing density is simulated with a two-dimensional, nonlinear, time-dependent numerical model. After the stationary wave is established over the mountain, the ...
Julio T. Bacmeister; Mark R. Schoeberl
Scaling Behavior of the First Arrival Time of a Random-Walking Magnetic Domain
We report a universal scaling behavior of the first arrival time of a traveling magnetic domain wall into a finite space-time observation window of a magneto-optical microscope enabling direct visualization of a Barkhausen avalanche in real time. The first arrival time of the traveling magnetic domain wall exhibits a nontrivial fluctuation and its statistical distribution is described by universal power-law scaling with scaling exponents of 1.34 {+-} 0.07 for CoCr and CoCrPt films, despite their quite different domain evolution patterns. Numerical simulation of the first arrival time with an assumption that the magnetic domain wall traveled as a random walker well matches our experimentally observed scaling behavior, providing an experimental support for the random-walking model of traveling magnetic domain walls.
Im, M.-Y.; Lee, S.-H.; Kim, D.-H.; Fischer, P.; Shin, S.-C.
Alaska North Slope Tundra Travel Model and Validation Study
The Alaska Department of Natural Resources (DNR), Division of Mining, Land, and Water manages cross-country travel, typically associated with hydrocarbon exploration and development, on Alaska's arctic North Slope. This project is intended to provide natural resource managers with objective, quantitative data to assist decision making regarding opening of the tundra to cross-country travel. DNR designed standardized, controlled field trials, with baseline data, to investigate the relationships present between winter exploration vehicle treatments and the independent variables of ground hardness, snow depth, and snow slab thickness, as they relate to the dependent variables of active layer depth, soil moisture, and photosynthetically active radiation (a proxy for plant disturbance). Changes in the dependent variables were used as indicators of tundra disturbance. Two main tundra community types were studied: Coastal Plain (wet graminoid/moist sedge shrub) and Foothills (tussock). DNR constructed four models to address physical soil properties: two models for each main community type, one predicting change in depth of active layer and a second predicting change in soil moisture. DNR also investigated the limited potential management utility in using soil temperature, the amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) absorbed by plants, and changes in microphotography as tools for the identification of disturbance in the field. DNR operated under the assumption that changes in the abiotic factors of active layer depth and soil moisture drive alteration in tundra vegetation structure and composition. Statistically significant differences in depth of active layer, soil moisture at a 15 cm depth, soil temperature at a 15 cm depth, and the absorption of photosynthetically active radiation were found among treatment cells and among treatment types. The models were unable to thoroughly investigate the interacting role between snow depth and disturbance due to a lack of variability in snow depth cover throughout the period of field experimentation. The amount of change in disturbance indicators was greater in the tundra communities of the Foothills than in those of the Coastal Plain. However the overall level of change in both community types was less than expected. In Coastal Plain communities, ground hardness and snow slab thickness were found to play an important role in change in active layer depth and soil moisture as a result of treatment. In the Foothills communities, snow cover had the most influence on active layer depth and soil moisture as a result of treatment. Once certain minimum thresholds for ground hardness, snow slab thickness, and snow depth were attained, it appeared that little or no additive effect was realized regarding increased resistance to disturbance in the tundra communities studied. DNR used the results of this modeling project to set a standard for maximum permissible disturbance of cross-country tundra travel, with the threshold set below the widely accepted standard of Low Disturbance levels (as determined by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). DNR followed the modeling project with a validation study, which seemed to support the field trial conclusions and indicated that the standard set for maximum permissible disturbance exhibits a conservative bias in favor of environmental protection. Finally DNR established a quick and efficient tool for visual estimations of disturbance to determine when investment in field measurements is warranted. This Visual Assessment System (VAS) seemed to support the plot disturbance measurements taking during the modeling and validation phases of this project.
Harry R. Bader; Jacynthe Guimond
Forced Trench Waves
A general theory for forced barotropic long trench waves in the presence of linear bottom friction is presented. Two specific forcing mechanisms are considered: (i) transverse fluctuations in a western boundary current as it flows across a trench,...
Lawrence A. Mysak; Andrew J. Willmott
Cost effective solar hot water system for Econo-Travel Motor Hotel located at Bluefield, West Virginia. Final report
The final report of a cost effective solar hot water heating system installed on the Econo-Travel Motor Hotel at 3400 Cumberland Road, Bluefield, West Virginia. The description of the system along with the final breakdown performance data and payback time are given. The payback time for the installed system will be approximately five (5) years instead of the 7.73 years estimated for the proposal. The additional savings is due to the reduction in the peak demand charge since the electric hot water heaters are not required to operate at the same time each morning as the dryers used for the laundry. The success of the system will be determined by the reduction in the utility cost and reduced use of our fossil fuels. The results shown in the hotel's monthly electricity bills indicate that this goal has been accomplished.
Cost effective solar hot water system for Econo-Travel Motor Hotel located at Woodbrdge, VA. Final report
The final report of a cost effective solar hot water heating system installed on the Econo-Travel Motor Hotel at 13317 Gordon Boulevard, Woodbridge, Virginia is given. The description of the system along with the final breakdown, performance data and payback time are given. The payback time for the installed system will be approximately four (4) years instead of the 7.2 years estimated for the proposal. The additional savings is due to the reduction in the peak demand charge since the electric hot water heaters are not required to operate at the same time each morning as the dryers used for the laundry. As called for in the proposal to DOE, the success of the system will be determined by the reduction in the utility cost and reduced use of our fossil fuels. The results shown in the hotel's monthly electricity bills indicate that this goal has been accomplished.
Analysis of WACSIS data using a directional hybrid wave model
This study focuses on the analysis of measured directional seas using a nonlinear model, named Directional Hybrid Wave Model (DHWM). The model has the capability of decomposing the directional wave field into its free wave components with different frequency, amplitude, direction and initial phase based on three or more time series of measured wave properties. With the information of free waves, the DHWM can predict wave properties accurately up to the second order in wave steepness. In this study, the DHWM is applied to the analyses of the data of Wave Crest Sensor Inter-comparison Study (WACSIS). The consistency between the measurements collected by different sensors in the WACSIS project was examined to ensure the data quality. The wave characteristics at the locations of selected sensors were predicted in time domain and were compared with those recorded at the same location. The degree of agreement between the predictions and the related measurements is an indicator of the consistency among different sensors. To analyze the directional seas in the presence of strong current, the original DHWM was extended to consider the Doppler effects of steady and uniform currents on the directional wave field. The advantage of extended DHWM originates from the use of the intrinsic frequency instead of the apparent frequency to determine the corresponding wavenumber and transfer functions relating wave pressure and velocities to elevation. Furthermore, a new approach is proposed to render the accurate and consistent estimates of the energy spreading parameter and mean wave direction of directional seas based on a cosine-2s model. In this approach, a Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) is employed. Because it is more tolerant of errors in the estimated cross spectrum than a Directional Fourier Transfer (DFT) used in the conventional approach, the proposed approach is able to estimate the directional spreading parameters more accurately and consistently, which is confirmed by applying the proposed and conventional approach, respectively, to the time series generated by numerical simulation and recorded during the WACSIS project.
Zhang, Shaosong
Avoided-Level-Crossing Spectroscopy with Dressed Matter Waves
We devise a method for probing resonances of macroscopic matter waves in shaken optical lattices by monitoring their response to slow parameter changes, and show that such resonances can be disabled by particular choices of the driving amplitude. The theoretical analysis of this scheme reveals far-reaching analogies between dressed atoms and time periodically forced matter waves.
Eckardt, Andre [ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, E-08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona) (Spain); Holthaus, Martin [Institut fuer Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet, D-26111 Oldenburg (Germany)
Turbulent spectra from three drift-wave interactions
Hydrodynamic equations for the drift-wave instability containing the {rvec E} {times} {rvec B} convective nonlinearity are used to show that the three wave interactions lead to temporal chaos with broad-band frequency spectra in the saturated state. 7 refs., 2 figs.
Terry, P.W.; Horton, W.
The Response of Wave Directions to Changing Wind Directions
From the premise that the net growth of wave energy induced by wind is centered around the wind direction, a relaxation model for the response of the main wave direction to changes in the wind direction for young sea states is derived. The time ...
L. H. Holthuijsen; A. J. Kuik; E. Mosselman
Grading of lumber using stress waves
The goal of this research was to develop stress wave grading technology suitable for small lumber mills. Specific goals include: 1) develop an ultrasonic probe configuration to facilitate real-time grain angle and edge knot measurement, 2) determine the statistical correlation between localized stress wave indices and lumber tensile strength and 3) compare the ultrasonic technique with other nondestructive evaluation (NDE) measurements including static MOE, impact stress wave and transverse vibration. Two hundred pieces of 2 x 6 Southern Pine lumber were randomly sampled. Material properties and NDE measurements such as static MOE, impact stress wave and transverse vibration MOEs were collected for the lumber. Before proceeding with final ultrasonic testing, pilot studies were done to study the effect of the strength reducing factors, such as grain angle and edge knots, on ultrasonic wave velocity. Wave velocity decreased as grain angle increased, with more apparent loss taking place at lower angles. The presence of edge knots decreased the wave velocity as measured along the narrow edge of the lumber. Using the knowledge gained from the pilot studies an ultrasonic probe configuration was devised to detect gross grain angle and edge knots. The tests were carried on the lumber using the configuration. Statistical models from localized stress wave indices were developed to predict the tensile strength. The linear correlation between predicted and actual ultimate tensile strength was 0.724. Ultrasonic testing was a slightly better predictor of ultimate tensile strength than shortspan bending, impact stress wave and transverse vibration techniques which had linear correlations of 0.716, 0.696 and 0.716 respectively. Separately including impact stress wave and transverse vibration MOEs into the ultrasonic model resulted in improved linear correlations of 0.769 and 0.787, respectively. In summary, knowledge from this study will be useful in the continuing development of stress wave lumber grading technology. Even though the results were only slightly better than those with short span bending and transverse vibration techniques, the ultrasonic technique appears to be promising for grading of wood.
Bethi, Rajeshwar
Transportation Center Seminar........ "Adaptive Routing in Stochastic Time-Dependent Networks
Transportation Center Seminar........ "Adaptive Routing in Stochastic Time-Dependent Networks: Transportation Center, Chambers Hall Lower Level, 600 Foster St., Evanston Abstract Transportation systems networks with traveler information, with applications in intelligent transportation systems (ITS
Bustamante, Fabián E.
On the digital reconstruction and interactive presentation of heritage sites through time
Virtual time travel from existing remains of a heritage site to its previous states and original condition is an educational and interesting experience and can provide better understanding of history. However, digitally reconstructing non-existing objects ...
Sabry F. El-Hakim; George MacDonald; Jean-Fran�ois Lapointe; Lorenzo Gonzo; Michael Jemtrud
Electron Trapping in Shear Alfven Waves that Power the Aurora
Results from 1D Vlasov drift-kinetic plasma simulations reveal how and where auroral electrons are accelerated along Earth's geomagnetic field. In the warm plasma sheet, electrons become trapped in shear Alfven waves, preventing immediate wave damping. As waves move to regions with larger v{sub Te}/v{sub A}, their parallel electric field decreases, and the trapped electrons escape their influence. The resulting electron distribution functions compare favorably with in situ observations, demonstrating for the first time a self-consistent link between Alfven waves and electrons that form aurora.
Watt, Clare E. J.; Rankin, Robert [University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (Canada)
Field Measurements of Duration-Limited Growth of Wind-Generated Ocean Surface Waves at Young Stage of Development
The issue of duration-limited growth of wind-generated waves is of importance to wave studies. Most analytical solutions for wind waves are given in time rather than fetch domain. Numerical modeling of wave development is also often conducted in ...
Paul A. Hwang; David W. Wang
Free Rossby Wave Instability at Finite Amplitude
The finite-amplitude evolution of the instability of a nonparallel basic-state flow and the basic state are studied. The basic state consists of a free Rossby wave in an inviscid, barotropic beta-plane model. The method of multiple time scales is ...
Richard C. Deininger
Application of Goubau Surface Wave Transmission Line for Improved Bench Testing of Diagnostic Beamline Elements
In-air test fixtures for beamline elements typically utilize an X-Y positioning stage, and a wire antenna excited by an RF source. In most cases, the antenna contains a standing wave, and is useful only for coarse alignment measurements in CW mode. A surface-wave (SW) based transmission line permits RF energy to be launched on the wire, travel through the beamline component, and then be absorbed in a load. Since SW transmission lines employ travelling waves, the RF energy can be made to resemble the electron beam, limited only by ohmic losses and dispersion. Although lossy coaxial systems are also a consideration, the diameter of the coax introduces large uncertainties in centroid location. A SW wire is easily constructed out of 200 micron magnet wire, which more accurately approximates the physical profile of the electron beam. Benefits of this test fixture include accurate field mapping, absolute calibration for given beam currents, Z-axis independence, and temporal response measurements of sub-nanosecond pulse structures. Descriptions of the surface wave launching technique, transmission line, and instrumentation are presented, along with measurement data.
John Musson, Keith Cole, Sheldon Rubin
Observations of ubiquitous compressive waves in the Sun's chromosphere
The details of the mechanism(s) responsible for the observed heating and dynamics of the solar atmosphere still remain a mystery. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves are thought to play a vital role in this process. Although it has been shown that incompressible waves are ubiquitous in off-limb solar atmospheric observations their energy cannot be readily dissipated. We provide here, for the first time, on-disk observation and identification of concurrent MHD wave modes, both compressible and incompressible, in the solar chromosphere. The observed ubiquity and estimated energy flux associated with the detected MHD waves suggest the chromosphere is a vast reservoir of wave energy with the potential to meet chromospheric and coronal heating requirements. We are also able to propose an upper bound on the flux of the observed wave energy that is able to reach the corona based on observational constraints, which has important implications for the suggested mechanism(s) for quiescent coronal heating.
Morton, R J; Jess, D B; Kuridze, D; Ruderman, M S; Mathioudakis, M; Erdelyi, R
Solitary Wave Benchmarks in Magma Dynamics
We present a model problem for benchmarking codes that investigate magma migration in the Earth's interior. This system retains the essential features of more sophisticated models, yet has the advantage of possessing solitary wave solutions. The existence of such exact solutions to the nonlinear problem make it an excellent benchmark problem for combinations of solver algorithms. In this work, we explore a novel algorithm for computing high quality approximations of the solitary waves and use them to benchmark a semi-Lagrangian Crank-Nicholson scheme for a finite element discretization of the time dependent problem.
Simpson, Gideon
Plasma planar filament instability and Alfven waves
Inhomogeneous plasmas filaments instabilities are investigated by using the techniques of classical differential geometry of curves where Frenet torsion and curvature describe completely the motion of curves. In our case the Frenet frame changes in time and also depends upon the other coordinates taking into account the inhomogeneity of the plasma. The exponential perturbation method so commonly used to describe cosmological perturbatons is applied to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma equations to find longitudinal modes describing Alfven waves propagation modes describing plasma waves in the medium. Stability is investigated in the imaginary axis of the spectra of complex frequencies ${\\omega}$ or $Im(\\omega)\
Garcia de Andrade
Standing wave compressor
A compressor for compression-evaporation cooling systems, which requires no moving parts. A gaseous refrigerant inside a chamber is acoustically compressed and conveyed by means of a standing acoustic wave which is set up in the gaseous refrigerant. This standing acoustic wave can be driven either by a transducer, or by direct exposure of the gas to microwave and infrared sources, including solar energy. Input and output ports arranged along the chamber provide for the intake and discharge of the gaseous refrigerant. These ports can be provided with optional valve arrangements, so as to increase the compressor's pressure differential. The performance of the compressor in either of its transducer or electromagnetically driven configurations, can be optimized by a controlling circuit. This controlling circuit holds the wavelength of the standing acoustical wave constant, by changing the driving frequency in response to varying operating conditions.
Lucas, Timothy S. (4614 River Mill Ct., Glen Allen, VA 23060)
Piezoelectric wave motor
A piezoelectric motor having a stator in which piezoelectric elements are contained in slots formed in the stator transverse to the desired wave motion. When an electric field is imposed on the elements, deformation of the elements imposes a force perpendicular to the sides of the slot, deforming the stator. Appropriate frequency and phase shifting of the electric field will produce a wave in the stator and motion in a rotor. In a preferred aspect, the piezoelectric elements are configured so that deformation of the elements in direction of an imposed electric field, generally referred to as the d.sub.33 direction, is utilized to produce wave motion in the stator. In a further aspect, the elements are compressed into the slots so as to minimize tensile stresses on the elements in use.
Yerganian, Simon Scott (Lee' s Summit, MO)
A piezoelectric motor having a stator in which piezoelectric elements are contained in slots formed in the stator transverse to the desired wave motion. When an electric field is imposed on the elements, deformation of the elements imposes a force perpendicular to the sides of the slot, deforming the stator. Appropriate frequency and phase-shifting of the electric field will produce a wave in the stator and motion in a rotor. In a preferred aspect, the piezoelectric elements are configured so that deformation of the elements in the direction of an imposed electric field, generally referred to as the d.sub.33 direction, is utilized to produce wave motion in the stator. In a further aspect, the elements are compressed into the slots so as to minimize tensile stresses on the elements in use.
Statement on U.S. Secretary of Energy Ernest Moniz's Travel to Istanbul,
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Energy Secretary Bodman Travels to Moscow, Baku, Kiev to Discuss Energy and
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Secretary Chu To Travel to Scotland and Ireland | Department of Energy
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Secretary Chu and Energy Department Officials to Travel Across America to
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Secretary Chu will Travel to China to Highlight Clean Energy Partnerships |
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Assessing the Benefits and Costs of Intelligent Transportation Systems: The Value of Advanced Traveler Information Systems
Navigation, Full Cost of Transportation, Social CostsThe Social Costs of Intercity Passenger Transportation: ATransportation, Advanced Traveler Information Systems Introduction Recent literature has extensively discussed the social costs
Levinson, David; Gillen, David; Chang, Elva
Figure 72. Vehicle miles traveled per licensed driver, 1970-2040 ...
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Sheet3 Sheet2 Sheet1 Figure 72. Vehicle miles traveled per licensed driver, 1970-2040 (thousand miles) History Reference case 1970.00 $8.69 1971.00 $9.01
On complexity of the optimal recombination for the travelling salesman problem
The computational complexity of the optimal recombination for the Travelling Salesman Problem is considered both in the symmetric and in the general cases. Strong NP-hardness of these optimal recombination problems is proven and solving approaches are ...
Anton V. Eremeev
Report on Inspection of the Secretary of Energy's Foreign Travel, DOE/IG-0397
Inspectorl General (IG) conduct a thorough examination of all Secretarial foreign travel from 1993 to December 1995 to include the purpose of each trip, the activities of each Federal participant...
Implementation of advanced transit traveler information systems in the United States and Canada : practice and prospects
Over the past few years, public transit agencies across the United States and Canada have increasingly implemented methods for passengers to access traveler information using new media and personal mobile communications ...
Rizos, Anthony Charles
A needs-based approach to activity generation for travel demand analysis/
This thesis develops a needs-based framework for behavioral enhancement of conventional activity-based travel demand models. Operational activity-based models specify activity generation models based on empirical considerations ...
Pattabhiraman, Varun R. (Varun Ramakrishna)
Grouping Travelers on the Basis of their Different Car and Transit Levels of Use
Elgar, A. , Bekhor, S. : Car-rider segmentation according tostatus and investment in car mobility. Transp. Res. Rec.people talk about bus and car travel. Transp. Res. A Jensen,
Diana, Marco; Mokhtarian, Patricia L
Grouping travelers on the basis of their different car and transit levels of use