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Pasukan Gerakan Khas
|This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. (May 2011)
|Pasukan Gerakan Khas
Special Operations Command
|The crest of the 69 Commandos of PGK
|The crest of the Special Actions Unit of PGK
|Inheritance of The Blood of Warriors – 69 Commando
Quick to Overcome Terror – UTK
|Agency overview
|20 October, 1997
|about 4000 Operators
|Legal personality
|Governmental: Government agency
|Jurisdictional structure
|Primary governing body
|Government of Malaysia
|Secondary governing body
|Royal Malaysia Police
|General nature
|Specialist jurisdiction
|Counter terrorism, special weapons and tactics, protection of VIPs.
|Operational structure
|Overviewed by
|Ministry of Home Affairs
|Bukit Aman near Kuala Lumpur
|Minister of Home Affair responsible
|Ahmad Zahid Hamidi
The Pasukan Gerakan Khas (Abbreviation: PGK; Special Operations Command; SOCOM of Federal Police) is an elite high-profile counter-terrorism and special operations tactical unit of the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP).[1] The PGK has two distinct subdivisions; VAT 69 (Very Able Trooper-69; Komando 69) and the Special Actions Unit (Malay: Unit Tindakan Khas; UTK).
The PGK is capable of dealing with a wide range of special operations from counter-terrorism operations to rescue operations. The actual size and organisation of the Directorate is classified. Tasked with enforcing Malaysian law through sea, air and land operations, the PGK is a vital component of the RMP.
- 1 History
- 2 Functions
- 3 Identities
- 4 Organisation
- 5 Roles
- 6 Recruitment, selection and training
- 7 PGK equipment
- 8 Specialised RMP divisions
- 9 List of Unit Commanders
- 10 Missions
- 11 In popular culture
- 12 See also
- 13 Further reading
- 14 References
- 15 External links
VAT 69[edit]
The VAT 69 (Very Able Troopers 69), also known as Task Force, Charlie Force and Special Project Team, is modelled on the British 22nd Special Air Service Regiment. It was formed in 1969 (hence the name – 69) as a small combat unit to counter the tactics and techniques of the communist terrorists.[2] It is began when the Minister of Home Affairs and Internal Security, The Honorable Allahyarham (late) Tun Dr Ismail proposed the formation of a special force for fighting the communist insurgency in 1969.
In October 1969, 60 from 1,600 officers and men of the Jungle Squad applied for VAT 69 training and qualified themselves for basic commando training. A group of drill instructors from SAS were sent to Fort Kemar, Perak to supervise the inaugural 69 Commando. Only 30 police officers managed to pass and they formed the nucleus troop of 69 Commando Battalion.[2]
In the 1970s, VAT 69 started its initial operations and was successfully deployed against the Malayan National Liberation Army during the Communist Insurgency War. As a result, a significant number of MNLA guerrillas were neutralised and large amounts of weapons and equipment were seized.[3] VAT 69 also cooperated with the Senoi Praaq Regiment, an exclusively Orang Asli paramilitary police unit, in operations against pro-Communist ASAL groups, which were composed of Orang Asli sympathizers of the Malayan Communists.[4]
In 1977, three new squadrons were raised and trained by the New Zealand Special Air Service and a special course was also conducted to train their own instructors. This expansion programme was completed in 1980 and VAT 69 had fully equipped units with its own logistics department.[2]
Unit Tindakan Khas (UTK) or Special Actions Unit is a secondary special forces unit of the RMP after VAT 69. This unit performs SWAT duties and the unit's men also undertake undercover missions. Created after the Japanese Red Army (Nihon Sekigun) hostage incident of August 1975 when the terrorists held approximately 50 civilians including members of the US consulate and the Swedish chargé d'affaires as hostages within the AIA building housing several embassies in Kuala Lumpur, two years after the massacre of Israeli hostages in Munich, West Germany by the Palestinian Black September army group in 1973. The terrorists won the release of five imprisoned comrades and flew with them to Libya. Similarly, the UTK were also trained by the 22 SAS but they operate in a very different tactical atmosphere as compared by US Capitol Police SWAT units. In the selection phase, only twenty from more than a hundred police applicants are selected annually. UTK were also involved with the Grup Gerak Khas (Malaysian Army Special Forces) to manage security in the 1998 Commonwealth Games.
On 20 October 1997, the Royal Malaysia Police reorganised VAT 69 and UTK and merged them into one unit as Pasukan Gerakan Khas (PGK; Special Operations Command), launched by Prime Minister Dato' Seri Dr Mahathir Muhammad and Inspector General of Police Tan Sri Rahim Noor.[5]
Although amalgamated into one directorate, they are essentially still two separate entities operating in two distinct operational environments.
PGK roles are believed to include:
- Intelligence collection in deep reconnaissance missions and warfare.
- Special operations to support the RMP Special Branch in combating subversive organisations or terrorist activities.
- Counter Terrorism operations inside Malaysian territory in conjunction with armed forces.
- Law enforcement operations in dealing with armed criminals inside Malaysian territory.
- Counter terrorism operations outside Malaysian territory; including Operation Astute in Timor Leste.
- Search and rescue operations inside or outside Malaysian territory, such as aid operations in the aftermath of the 2006 tsunami in Acheh, Indonesia.
- Protection of senior Malaysian dignitaries, ministers and VIPs.
- Maroon berets
- A symbol of Pasukan Gerakan Khas Detachment A or Special Actions Unit (UTK).
- Sand coloured berets
- A symbol of Pasukan Gerakan Khas Detachment B or 69 Commandos (VAT 69).
- Trimedia Parachute Wings
- The recognised symbol of the PGK. It also identifies the abilities of parachutist, airborne unit and air assault operations.
- Motto
- Warisan Darah Perwira (English : Heritage of the blood of Heroes)
- Black
- Black symbolises the highly secretive nature of VAT 69 operations.
- Red
- Red symbolises bravery.
- Yellow
- Yellow symbolises "Loyalty to King and Country" (Malay: Taat Setia kepada Raja dan Negara).
- Javelin
- Lembing, another traditional weapon used by Malay warriors.
- Two pieces of the curved Kerambit dagger.
- Arranged to form the number 69, signifying stealth and efficiency.
Previously separate entities, both the VAT 69 and the UTK were amalgamated into the PGK on 20 October 1997, when it was launched by the 5th Inspector General of Police, Tan Sri Rahim Noor. However, the VAT 69 and the UTK are still operationing as separate units. The UTK is now officially known as Pasukan Gerakan Khas Detachment A and VAT 69 has been deputised to Pasukan Gerakan Khas Detachment B.
Based at the Royal Malaysia Police Headquarters in Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur, the PGK is under the direct command of the RMP's Internal and Public Security (Malay: Keselamatan Dalam Negeri dan Ketenteraman Awam) Director. The unit commander holds the rank of Senior Assistant Commissioner (SAC) and is the Deputy Director of the Internal and Public Security Branch.
With the growing threat of terrorism since the 11 September attacks, this unit has increasingly adapted itself to conduct counter-terrorism duties.[6] With the aim of creating teams that are capable of dealing with a broad range of operations (especially counter-terrorism operations), the PGK small patrol team consist of six to ten operatives led by officers ranked from Police Inspector to Superintendent of Police with different expertise such as an attack units, snipers, EOD experts, communications experts and field medics. The PGK has also forged closer relations with the special forces of the Malaysian Armed Forces, including the 10 Paratrooper Brigade, Grup Gerak Khas, PASKAL and PASKAU, so as to enable them to more effectively enforce security within Malaysia's borders.
The UTK tactics and organisation is primarily influenced by the Germany GSG-9 and American Special Activities Division but with a difference; UTK operatives operate mostly in plain-clothes and also perform undercover missions. It has approximately 300 members, UTK is deployed in cases of hostage taking, kidnapping, terrorism and extortion. The group may also be used to secure locations, neutralise targets, track down fugitives and sometimes conduct sniper operations and escorting and protecting top leaders and VVIPs.[7][8] 69 Commando operatives however are jungle warfare specialists given the 69 Commando's origins as a force established to fight the communist threats in 1969 and the insurgency years. Originally trained by the British SAS, 69 Commando conducts in land, sea and air special operation techniques with speciality in jungle warfare and deep reconnaissance missions, 69 Commando mission is to execute special operation in support of Police Special Branch fight against subversive organisation and terrorist activities, offensive operations using special weapons and tactics, anti-terrorism, counter-insurgency, hostage rescue, close protection and supporting the Malaysian Armed Forces special forces, Rapid Deployment Force or infantry force in any security measures.[1][9] There are four infantry squadrons in 69 Commando with its own logistic unit, totalling around 1,900 members.
PGK snipers, technicians and explosive expertise regularly cross-train with foreign special forces including the Special Air Service Regiments of Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, the Royal Thai Border Patrol Police, the French GIGN, the German Federal Police Grenzschutzgruppe 9 (GSG-9), and a number of US services including the US Navy SEALs, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) and others. UTK members wear maroon berets while 69 Commando members wear the sand coloured beret given to them by their founding trainers, the 22nd SAS.
On 14 November 2006, for the first time in the history of PGK, the maroon and sand coloured berets were honoured as Royal Berets by Yang Dipertuan Agong Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin Syed Putera Jamalullail, the then King of Malaysia.
Recruitment, selection and training[edit]
All members of the Malaysian police forces services with two years of service can join the PGKs. The three months training period includes thirteen weeks of basic training and nine weeks of advanced training. A primary selection period is as long as two days. Depending on the department's policy, officers generally have to serve a minimum tenure within the department before being able to apply for a specialist section such as PGK. This tenure requirement is based on the fact that PGK officers are still law enforcement officers and must have a thorough knowledge of department policies and procedures. To be eligible to join the PGK Special Forces, one must be younger than 30 years old and have a good health record.
Prospective trainees are expected to exceed the minimum requirements of the Physical Screening Test (PST), which requires that trainees must be able to:
- Run 6 km in 40 minutes or less
- Swim freestyle for at least 8–10 laps
- Do at least 9–13 chin-ups
- Do at least 30 sit-ups
- Do at least 60 push-ups
- Do at least 30 squat thrusts
In 69 Commando, it has a three phases included:
- First Phase
- Trainees will spend most of their time mastering patrol techniques.
- Second Phase
- In this phase, all trainees will learn skills and lessons such as tracking, communication, field medical and explosive. This also involves making booby traps, explosives and various demolition techniques.
- Third Phase
- Final movement test where the trainees are tested in all aspects of skills and lessons that they had learned. At the moment, special attention is given to trainees who show leadership potential.
To accomplish its varied mission profiles, the PGK ensures that its members are well trained in the required aspects of special operations. These include:-
- Insertion Techniques
- Fast roping techniques
- Helo casting
- Abseiling
- Combat diving
- Combat Techniques
- Close Quarters Combat – CQC
- Counter-insurgency
- Unconventional warfare
- Sabotage
- Close VIP protection
- Vehicular assault
- Unarmed combat
- Knife combat
- Marksmanship
- Booby-trap defusal
- Underwater demolitions )
- Intelligence Gathering
- Intelligence
- Counterintelligence
- Special reconnaissance
- Long-range Combat Patrol
- Task Oriented
- Combat, Search and Rescue (CSAR)
- Hostage rescue (HR)
- Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD)
- Hazmat Disposal[9]
- Operations In Built-up Areas – OBUA
- Foreign language
- Assaults on trains, airfield and aircraft
- K9 Handling[9]
The PGK regularly trains abroad with other units such as the Australian Special Air Service Regiment, British SAS, FBI Hostage Rescue Team, French GIGN, German GSG 9, Indonesian Brigade Mobil, Italian NOCS, New Zealand Special Air Service, Singapore Special Tactics and Rescue, Spanish G.E.O, US Delta Force, US Green Berets and the US Army Special Operations Command Pacific Unit (SOCPAC).
On 10 December 2003, the then Inspector General of Police, Tan Sri Mohd Bakri Bin Haji Omar, launched the training programme between the USSOCPAC and the 69th PGK at the General Operations Force Training Center in Ulu Kinta, Perak. The team of SOCPAC were to conduct joint exercise with the PGK, under codename Advance Vector Balance Mint for a duration of 2 weeks.[10] Only 42 out of the 194 participants completed the inaugural programme.
PGK equipment[edit]
As a special forces unit, the PGK is equipped with a wide array of high class weapons and support equipment commonly associated with counter-terrorism operations, the most common weapons include submachine guns, assault rifles, shotguns, machineguns and sniper rifles.[9]
Semi-automatic pistols are the most popular sidearms and the majority of the officers use various 9 mm pistols. Principal handguns include:
- USA: Colt 1911A1, .45 ACP
- Austria: Glock pistol series (especially the Glock 17,[9] Glock 18, Glock 26, Glock 34), 9mm
- Germany: Heckler & Koch USP series,[9][9] 9mm
- Switzerland: SIG Sauer P2022, 9mm
- USA: STI Grandmaster, 9mm
- USA: STI Tactical-5.0, 9mm
- Germany: HK Mk23 Mod 0,.[9] 45 ACP
Various shotguns used by PGK units include:
Common submachine guns used by all PGK teams include:
- Germany: Heckler & Koch MP5 series (especially the MP5A5, MP5-N, MP5K-A4 and MP5SD6),[9] 9mm
- Germany: HK UMP, 9mm
- Germany: Heckler & Koch MP7A1 PDW,[11] 4.6mm
Common carbines include:
- USA: Colt M4A1 SOPMOD,[9] 5.56mm
- Belgium: FN SCAR-H, 7.62mm
- Germany: HK416 Commando, 5.56mm
- Germany: HK G36C,[9] 5.56mm
- Austria: Steyr AUG, 5.56mm
Common sniper rifles used are:
- UK: Accuracy International PM, 7.62mm
- UK: Accuracy International AWSM, .338 LM
- USA: Barrett M82, 12.7mm
- Germany: HK PSG-1A1,[9] 7.62mm
- USA: Remington 700P,[9] 7.62mm
The 69 Comandos used the common machine guns include:
- USA: M60 machine gun, 7.62mm
Various grenade launchers used by PGK units include:
- USA: M79 grenade launcher, 40mm
- USA: M203 grenade launcher, 40mm
Support Equipment[edit]
1The Bean Bag shell is typically fired from a shotgun, and is used by police and military forces, mainly in the United States to disperse the type of riot which is not able to be controlled with tear gas weapon. When fired, the bean bag (or BB) made from rubber and plastic is expelled at around 70–90 meters/second; it spreads out in flight and distributes its impact over about 6 centimetres² of the target. It is designed to deliver a blow that will cause minimum long-term trauma and no penetration but will result in a muscle spasm or other reaction to briefly render a violent suspect immobile.
Tactical Vehicles[edit]
As a special operations unit, the PGK employs a number of specialised vehicles to accomplish its missions. These include the Commando V-150D and the GKN Sankey AT105 armoured personnel carriers equipped with M60s as assault vehicles in urban and jungle terrain as well as modified police MPV (Mobile Patrol Vehicles), vans, trucks, 4WD and buses for use as tactical vehicles. PGK also employs RHIB assault boats, jet-skis and Marine Subskimmer (DPV) in maritime missions and amphibious insertions.
For its airborne operations, PGK utilises the C-130 Hercules, Cessna 206G, Cessna 208 Caravan 1 and Pilatus Porter PC-6 aircraft as well as the E-Squirrel AS-355 F2/AS-355N helicopter.
Developments and Acquisitions[edit]
On 25 October 2007, the US Joint Interagency Task Force (JIATF) West funded RM2 million state-of-the-art shooting house for the VAT 69 Commando battalion was opened.[12]
Specialised RMP divisions[edit]
To counter increasing threats to national security from both terrorist and criminal elements, the PGK was tasked with forming and training two specialised units of the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP);-
Marine Combat Unit[edit]
Formed in March 2006, Unit Gempur Marin (Marine Combat Unit, UNGERIN) is a specialised detachment of the marine police. Jointly trained by the PGK and the US Navy SEALs, UNGERIN operatives are highly trained in maritime counter-terrorism. UNGERIN operatives are trained and equipped with specialised weapons and tactics similar to the UK Special Boat Service and falls under the command of the RMP's maritime directorate.
Rapid Actions Unit[edit]
Rapid Actions Unit (Malay: Unit Tindakan Cepat) is a specialised SWAT unit of the RMP. Based at the Contingent Police Headquarters in Peninsular Malaysia, the UTC falls under the direct control of the RMP's Criminal Investigation Department. The UTC conducts urban operations and functions as an initial response unit for the PGK.
List of Unit Commanders[edit]
Listed below are the unit commanders past & present.
|Superintendent G/640 M. Shanmugam
|First commanding officer of the PGK
|Superintendent G/3158 Ramli Bin Abd Kadir
|Replaced Supt. Shanmugam
|Assistant Commissioner of Police G/2827 Syed Mohd Munfaz Wafa Bin Syed Subli Wafa
|Assistant Commissioner of Police G/3740 A Navaratnam
|First commanding officer and head of VAT 69
|Deputy Superintendent of Police G/5439 Meor Chek Hussein Bin Mahayuddin
|Assistant commanding officer of the PGK
|Assistant Commissioner of Police G/3421 Mohd Yusof Bin Harun
|Assistant Commissioner of Police G/3432 Haji Idris Bin Haji Wahid
|Senior Assistant Commissioner I G/5439 Dato' Meor Chek Hussien Bin Mahayuddin
|1997 Merged VAT 69 and UTK to Pasukan Gerakan Khas
|Senior Assistant Commissioner II G/5096 Mohd Anuar Bin Mohd Zain
|Senior Assistant Commissioner II Roslan Bin Mohd Yassin
|PGK Commander from 2002 and transferred to Pahang state as the Officer Chief of Police Contingent in 2004
|Senior Assistant Commissioner II Mohd Rani Bin Abd Rashid
|led from Deputy Director of Internal and Public Security in Royal Malaysian Police
|Senior Assistant Commissioner II Muhammad Sabtu Bin Osman
|Transferred to Kuala Lumpur as Kuala Lumpur Police State Chief
|Senior Assistant Commissioner I Dato' Muhammad Fuad Bin Abu Zarin
|2008– Now
|Replaced SAC II Muhammad Sabtu Bin Osman
Its first counter-terrorism mission, which is one of the most well-known and which established the unit's reputation as an elite unit, was an operation known as "Operasi Subuh"/"Operasi Khas 304" (Operations Dawn/Special Operation 304). It was carried out on 3 July 2000 against Al-Ma'unah terrorists who had stolen 94 M16 rifles, 2 Steyr AUG rifles, 4 General Purpose Machineguns (GPMG), 6 Light Machineguns (LMG), 5 M203 grenade launchers, 26 bayonet daggers and thousands of ammunition rounds from 2 control posts of the Rejimen Askar Wataniah (Territorial Army Regiment) camp in Kuala Rui, Perak and captured 2 police officers, one army special forces soldier and one villager as hostages and planned to commit treason against a democratically elected government.[13]
In the dawn of 5 July 2000, police and military units created a distraction, while members of the PGK, accompanied by the 22nd Grup Gerak Khas led by Malaysian armed forces senior officer Lt. Gen. (R) Zaini Mohamad Said and 69th Commando PGK leader ASP Abd Razak Bin Mohd Yusof were sent to Sauk to negotiate with the Al-Ma'unah leader, Mohamed Amin Bin Mohamed Razali.
Amin, along with his comrades were persuaded to drop their arms and surrender to the security forces. Although most of the group initially surrendered, negotiations eventually broke down and a bloody gunfight ensued. In these incidents, 2 of the 4 hostages were killed before the group finally surrendered. The security forces team suffered two casualties – police Special Branch officer Detective Corporal R. Sanghadevan and Trooper Matthew anak Medan from 22nd GGK were tortured before they were killed and was buried by 2 other hostages, Sargeant (R) Mohd Shah Ahmad and civilian Jaafar Puteh, in the jungle before they were both rescued by security forces. Abdul Halim Ali @ Ahmad, a member of the militant group, was shot dead in the gunfighting and five others were injured, including two seriously. The other 22 were taken into police custody.[14] Mohamed Amin, Zahit Muslim, Jemari Jusoh and Jamaludin Darus were later sentenced to death and the other 16 were sentenced to life imprisonment. 10 more comrades, Megat Mohamed Hanafi Ilias, Muhamad Nukhshah Bandi Che Mansor, Riduan Berahim, Azlan Abdul Ghani, Shahidi Ali and Khairul Anuar Mohamed Ariffin, were sentenced by the High Court to ten years in jail each after pleading guilty to an alternative charge under Section 122 for preparing to wage war against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong after they pleaded guilty to the lesser charge.[15][16]
Publicly known missions[edit]
- 1970s: 69 Commandos led by ASP Zabri Bin Abd Hamid together with Indonesian Army KOSTRAD combating the PARAKU in Kalimantan jungles.
- October 1985: Special Actions Unit (UTK) was involved in hostage rescue operations including one doctor and one medical assistant by six armed convicts led by Jimmy Chua in Pudu Jail, Kuala Lumpur. Six days later, hostages were successfully rescued, while Jimmy was captured and was sentenced to death.
- 29 June 1993: UTK stormed a hiding place of P. Kalimuthu or Bentong Kali at Medan Damasara, Selangor. In the shoot-out with the police, the Most-Wanted Criminal was successfully killed.
- 1994: One of the Philippine MNLF organisations, Rizal Aleh and his father escaped from Philippines and hid in a village of Sabah where he started piracy activities. 69 Commandos led by DSP Mohd Noor Bin Razak within operations code-named Ops Bamboo II was sent to Sabah to infiltrate him. Mohd Noor were shot by Rizal at his leg during struggled with him. Both was successfully captured and sentenced by the National Court after pleading guilty for his criminal in Sabah. Later, both Rizal and his father were sent back to the Philippines Government.
- 1998: The Pasukan Gerakan Khas and the Grup Gerak Khas were deployed to provide security and were on standby for hostage rescue, close protection and counter-terrorism duties during the 1998 Commonwealth Games held at National Stadium, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur on 11 to 21 September 1998.[17]
- 20 September 1998: In the twilight hours, by orders from the then Prime Minister to the Inspector General of Police, Tan Sri Rahim Noor, 69th Commando PGK operatives led by Inspector Mazlan arrested the ex-Deputy Prime Minister Dato' Sri Anwar Ibrahim in his home 18 days after his ejection from the Cabinet, for inciting anti-Mahathir reforms in Kuala Lumpur. He was initially arrested under the Internal Security Act and was subsequently charged with, and convicted of, corruption and sodomy.[18] 6 years later in 2004, when he was serving his jail sentence for sodomy after completing his sentence for corruption, he was released when his sodomy conviction was overturned by the Federal Court in the case of Dato' Seri Anwar b. Ibrahim & Sukma Darmawan Sasmitaat Madja Lwn. Pendakwa Raya.[19][20]
- 5 July 2000: The Al-Ma'unah group stole crates of military firearms and planned to commit treason against a democratically elected government. The 69 Commandos PGK and the 22nd GGK stormed the group camp at Sauk, Malaysia and rescued 2 hostages while 2 other hostages were killed.
- 18 January 2000: Involved in an operation to arrest the Gang Steyr, the armed criminal group which was led by ex-special forces personnel named Mohd Hizan Bin Jaafar, along with 5 men after they robbed a bank in Sri Serdang Road, Selangor. During the operation, two criminals including Mohd Hizan and Abu Hasan were killed at Melayu Majidee Village and two more were killed in a shoot-out with the police at Tol Plaza Kempas, Johor Bahru and recovered 4 Steyr AUG rifles, Smith & Wesson .22 handgun, one Remington shotgun, 85 rounds of 5.56 mm bullets, 3 rounds .22 bullets, a few bullet shells and found RM291,000. The police also launched an operation to hunt two other members of the gang.[21]
- 2001: Arrested two Jemaah Islamiyah suspect terrorists which in the list of the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), Yazid Sufaat and Suhaimi Mokhtar and detained at the Kamunting Detention Center under the Internal Security Act (ISA) 1960 related to involved with the activities of Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) and al-Qaeda other 9/11 attacks and Bali bombings.[disambiguation needed][22][23]
- 2002: Arrested six Jemaah Islamiyah suspect terrorists, Dr Abdullah Daud, Shamsuddin Sulaiman, Mat Shah Mohd Satray, Abdul Murad Sudin, Zaini Zakaria and Zainun Rashid.[22]
- 12 September 2002: Ahmad Bin Mohd Arshad or Mat Komando, 37, the leader of Gang 13, the then No.1 on the Malaysian Most-Wanted-Criminal list for 52 armed robberies involving about RM2.5 million, armed assault and illegal possession of firearms (among others) was known to be hiding in a Kampung Hujung Keton, the village in the state of Kedah on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula. Armed with intelligence gathered from surveillance and villagers, 10 police officers from 69 Commando anti-terror police, supported by the GOF paramilitary police, cordoned off the area and stormed a hut in the village for the take down. Sensing the presence of law enforcement officials in dawn 12, 6 September.30 am, Mat Komando opened fire and in the ensuing shoot-out, was shot in the head and left ribs and was killed. The police seized a Colt .45 pistol with three rounds of ammunitions and a S&W Model 617 .22 revolver with two rounds of ammunitions, two bullet shells from the deceased criminal. The then Malaysian Inspector General of Police, Tan Sri Norian Mai (Retired), said that Mat Komando was the fourth member of the Gang 13 members to be killed in shoot-outs against police while the remaining nine members had been arrested.[24]
- 27 September 2002: Hunted downed Gang M16, the then Most-Wanted-Criminals of Malaysia for armed robbery at the Bank of Tokyo in 1985, 16 other armed robberies in jewellery shops and pawn shops, carting away loot which amounted to RM21.28 million. It was reported that all the members of this group were Chinese and the mastermind of this group was one Elvis Keh Jiang Long a.k.a. Ah Po, the ex-Singaporean National Service personnel ( Singaporean Army), was an expert in various firearms and he was responsible for training the group for the robberies. During the gunfighting with the UTK in Batu 5, Jalan Seremban-Mantin, near the Galla Recreational Park, Mantin, Negeri Sembilan, two of the Gang M16 members, identified as Sunny Chai @ Sum Wing Chang and his righthand man, known as Hew Yau, were shot dead. Another gang member, Chang Kew Yin, managed to escape. One UTK officer was wounded. Security forces recovered an M16 rifle with two rounds of ammunition, a Colt semi-automatic handgun with 16 rounds of ammunition, a Smith & Wesson revolver and three ski-masks from the suspects' vehicles. At 28, 2 December am, Chang was gunned down in the ensuing shootout at Jalan Keris, Taman Sri Tebrau, Johor Bahru and security forces recovered a China-made Norinco pistol with three rounds of ammunition from Chang's body. Federal CID Director, Datuk Salleh Mat Som (late), said the police was always hunting for the Gang M16 members who were still at large, including sending their officers to Singapore and Thailand to track Keh down and also requested the assistance of the Australian police to locate another gang member, Hew Soon Loong @ Hong Kong Chai, who was believed to have fled to the country.[25][26]
- Participated in hostage rescue operations against Abu Sayyaf in Sipadan Island (Pulau Sipadan) and Ligitan Island (Pulau Ligitan), Sabah with support from GOF, the Malaysian Armed Forces and Philippine Armed Forces.
- 2003: Arrested six Jemaah Islamiyah suspect terrorists, Mohd Khaider Kadran (JI leader), Wan Amin Bin Wan Hamat, Sulaiman Suramin, Sufian Salih, Ahmad Muaz Bin Al Bakry and Hasim Talib.[22]
- 16 October 2003/17 October 2003: Involved in VVIP protection of the Islamic leaders during the 10th Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in Putrajaya.
- 2004: Arrested three Indonesian National Jemaah Islamiyah suspect terrorists, Zakaria Bin Samad, Ahmad Zakaria and Terhamid Bin Dahalan.
- 16 December 2004: Participated in the search and rescue mission for the lost Indonesian BRIMOB, in which 700 personnels from the POLRI special operations force units went missing in Acheh after the tsunami incident.
- 2004: Arrested three Indonesian National Jemaah Islamiyah suspect terrorists, Mahfudi Saifuddin, Mulyadi and Arifin related to involved with the activities of Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) other Bali bombings[disambiguation needed] in 2004.
- 2005: Undertook VVIP escort missions to protect ex-Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir Muhammad when he visited Johor.
- 23 August 2005: Five officers and 32 members of the 69 Commandos of PGK counter-terrorist operatives flown to Kukup, Pontian for the intercept operations of a ship seized the Panama-registered 567-tonne vessel MV Natris which was renamed MV Paulijing, laden with soy beans and vinegar, believed to run off Batam waters, Indonesia. The ship was detected by the Marine Operations Force in the Malacca Straits after reported missing in 2003. This operation was named Operation MV Paulijing. The operation also involves members of the SWAT units of the Marine Operations Force which resulting arrested 20 Chinese crews including the captain when they refused to heed to the order by the police authorities.[27][28]
- 2006: Deployed as part of the United Nations (U.N.) INTERFET to support the Operation Astute. It consisted of Malaysian U.N. 10 Paratrooper Brigade, Grup Gerak Khas, Australian and New Zealand U.N Armed Forces in Timor Leste.[29]
- 2007: Arrested four alleged Jemaah Islamiyah involvements, Zulkifli Marzuki, Mohd Nasir Ismail, Ahmad Kamil Hanafiah and Muhd Amir Hanafiah.[22]
- July 2007: Deployed in a search and rescue operation after a Sikorsy S61 Nuri helicopter of the RMAF went down along with a crew of six near Genting Sempah, Genting Highlands. The SAR team, which consisted of the US Navy Air Fleet from USS Jarret, 10 Paratrooper Brigade, the 22nd GGK, PASKAU, the police General Operations Force Senoi Praaq, Police Air Wing, Fire and Rescue Department, Forestry Department rangers, Civil Defense Department (JPA3) and villagers, located the wreckage of the chopper on 17 July 1324hrs with its rotor blades detached. The bodies of all crew members were found in the cabin of the stricken aircraft.[30]
- 16 July 2008: Arrested the PKR de facto leader, Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim in front of his house at Bukit Segambut in the twillight hours, similar to what happened in 1998, for investigations under Section 377C of the Penal Code for alleged "carnal intercourse against the order of nature" with his former aide, Mohd Saiful Bukhari Azlan. However, CID director Commissioner Dato' Mohd Bakri Zinin said that the arrest was not carried out by the UTK, but by the Bukit Aman's Serious Crimes Division (possibly by the Unit Tindakan Cepat, UTC).[31]
- 2009: In February 2008, a Singaporean Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) leader, Mas Selamat Kastari escaped from Whitley Detention Center, the tightest detention centre in Singapore. A few months later, he was found to be hiding at a village house in Kampung Tawakal, Skudai, 40 km from Johor Bahru. Following intelligence sharing with the police forces of Indonesia and Singapore and tidying of tactical planning, in the dawn of 1 April 2009 at 06:00 am, a team from UTK's counter-terrorist unit was deployed to assist police Special Branch members recapture the militant leader in the village house. Both the UTK and Special Branch members stormed each of the perimeter of that house while Mas Selamat was sound asleep. However, according to a witness, Mohd Saat Marjo, 57, a villager who lived opposite the fugitive's home, about 30 masked commandos armed with automatic weapons together with plainclothes Special Branch members broke through two doors and rushed into the house when Mat Selamat refused to come out and surrender when ordered by the police. The raid and inclusion by the UTK and Special Branch was very organised, giving Mas Selamat no chance at all to escape. He was handcuffed with his face covered in a dark blue checked cloth before he was swiftly bundled into a police vehicle and taken away.[32] Other JI members, Abdul Matin Anol Rahmat and Johar Hassan, were also arrested together, and the police also seized documents and other paraphernalia that allegedly revealed their planned operation as well as combed the area with bomb detectors to ensure that the house was free of explosives.[33] However, the UTK's involvement in that operation was not highlighted in the media due to the top secret nature of the operations. The arrest was attributed to the Special Branch.
- 2010: Intercepted the Sultan of Kelantan's motorcade (escorts) 30m outside of the Kelantan Royal Palace as they were heading for the Sultan Ismail Petra Airport to depart for Singapore pending further treatment at Mount Elizabeth Hospital. The team then brought the Sultan, himself not willingly, to the nearby hospital (HUSM) somewhere 200m from the Palace.[34]
- 8 July 2011: Deployed in a hostage rescue mission in which a preschool located at Sungai Abong Park, Sakeh Street near Muar in southern Johore state was taken by a 40-year-old man. The man named Loi Hui Chung, who was suspected to be a drug addict and mentally-deranged, was armed with a hammer and a machete and he threatened to kill the hostages if his demand was not met. The siege ended at exactly 1541 GMT after UTK members stormed the building with tear gas and shot the suspect. He was in a critical condition with a head wound and died later at the Sultanah Fatimah Specialist Hospital at 2115 GMT.[35][36][37]
- 7 February 2013: Arrested a former Internal Security Act (ISA) detainee Yazid Sufaat and two of his friends, including a women, in the Klang Valley, Selangor in separate operations. The unit nabbed Yazid and Mohd Hilmi Hasim at a canteen in the Jalan Duta court complex whilst the woman, Halimah Hussin, was picked up from her house in Kajang. They became the first few to be arrested under the new Security Offences (Special Measures) Act 2012 (SOSMA) which replaced the ISA. They were alleged to have been promoting terrorism, and had allegedly been linked to terrorist activities in Syria.[38][39][40]
- 2013: Deployed in Lahad Datu, Sabah during the Lahad Datu conflict. The 69 Commando members were involved in hunting down a terrorist group, numbering approximately 200+ in strength, from the self-styled "Royal Security Forces of the Sultanate of Sulu and North Borneo," while UTK members were deployed in urban and populated areas to defend them. The commandos were the main assault team during the early stage of the conflict. Two officers were gunned down and three more wounded in an unexpected "white flag" ambush by the Sulu terrorists, while 12 of the terrorists were shot to death in retaliation and three other terrorists were fatally wounded.[41]
- 2 March 2013: Officers and members of the 69 Commandos who went deploy to Lahad Datu as reinforcements rescued police officers who were trapped in an ambush by less than ten Sulu terrorists in Kampung Seri Jaya Siminul, Semporna. The terrorists, armed with AK-47 and M16 rifles, had ambushed the officers during a surveillance operation. In the ambush, six officers were downed, while six terrorists also killed after the officers launched the counter-attack.
In popular culture[edit]
- Fictional television programs
- In 1997, there was a fictional TV program called Gerak Khas.
- In 2005, an ASTRO RIA television show directed by Senator Dato' Jins Shamsuddin entitled VAT 69 – Warisan Darah Perwira, documented the tactics and professional lives of VAT 69 officers of the Royal Malaysian Police Pasukan Gerakan Khas.
- The VAT69 was featured in History Channel Asia's - VAT69 Malaysia's Very Able Troopers.
- Movies
- In 1991, the movie Bayangan Maut (The Shadow of Death) starring Dato' Yusof Haslam, Sabree Fadzil and Noorkumalasari was released in theatres. In the movie, the featured PGK units were portrayed as plain-clothed and carrying the M16 rifles.
- A PGK unit is featured at the end of the movie Maria Mariana (1996).
- In the 2nd instalment of Gerak Khas The Movie 2 (2002), Pasukan Gerakan Khas takes action to track down drug smugglers in maritime Penang states and militia terrorists in the jungle.
- In the end scene of Gerak Khas the Movie 3 (GK3) (2004), VAT 69, the branch of Pasukan Gerakan Khas was featured in plainclothes carrying MP5A2 submachine guns, with the occasional member carrying a pistols to track down the crime syndicates in Langkawi Island, Kedah states.
- In the movie Entrapment (1999), starring Sean Connery and Catherine Zeta-Jones, real Pasukan Gerakan Khas police counter-terrorist operators together with PASKAU were used as the "SWAT Team" that pursued the two stars in and around Petronas Twin Towers. The helicopter at the end of the pursuit scene however was obviously not RMP's but clearly stated "TUDM", the Royal Malaysian Air Force abbreviation in Malay.
See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Navaratnam, A. (2001). The Spear and the Kerambit: The Exploits of VAT 69, Malaysia's Elite Fighting Force, 1968–1989. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publications and Distributions. ISBN 967-61-1196-1.
- ^ a b S.S Yoga (30 December 2009). "Remains of the day". The Star. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
- ^ A. Navaratnam, Chapters 4-21
- ^ A. Navaratnam, pp. 65-68
- ^ A. Navaratnam, p. 192
- ^ "In full force". The Star. 22 September 2007. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
- ^ "To protect with their lives – Fotoplay". The Star. 29 September 2007. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
- ^ "Guns, grit & guts". The Star. 27 August 2005. Retrieved 24 December 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Thompson, Leroy (December 2008). "Malaysian Special Forces". Special Weapons. Retrieved 23 November 2009.
- ^ "An Inspector General of Police Speeches In Conjunction With The Council End of Course Special Operations Force Series 1/2003 Ceremony & End of Course Beret Conjunction Rookie PGK". Royal Malaysian Police. 10 December 2003. Retrieved 24 December 2009.
- ^ "HK MP7A1". Guns Lot. 13 December 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
- ^ "VAT 69 gets RM2m shoot house". The Star. 26 October 2007. Retrieved 17 April 2008.
- ^ "Malaysian arms gang take hostages". BBC News. 4 July 2000. Retrieved 8 June 2008.
- ^ "Malaysian gunmen surrender". BBC News. 6 July 2000. Retrieved 18 August 2008.
- ^ "Sauk incident". Utusan Malaysia. 15 January 2001. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
- ^ "Malaysian arms raid cult charged". BBC News. 8 August 2000. Retrieved 8 June 2008.
- ^ "Security for sale". Asia Times. 14 August 2003. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
- ^ "World: Asia-Pacific Anwar arrested amid Kuala Lumpur protests". BBC News. 2 September 2004. Retrieved 20 August 2008.
- ^ "Malaysian Federal Court Judgment in Dato' Seri Anwar b. Ibrahim & Sukma Darmawan Sasmitaat Madja Lwn. Pendakwa Raya". Federal Court of Malaysia. 2 September 2004. Retrieved 12 June 2009.
- ^ "Malaysia's Anwar Ibrahim set free". BBC News. 2 September 2004. Retrieved 20 August 2008.
- ^ "4 ahli Geng Steyr ditembak mati (Malay)". Utusan Malaysia. 19 January 2000. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
- ^ a b c d "27 in the list of Interpol, FBI". hmetro.com.my (Harian Metro). 22 February 2010. Retrieved 5 March 2010.[dead link]
- ^ The 9/11 Commission Report; about the summit, see page 159
- ^ "Mat Komando killed in shootout with police". Utusan Malaysia. 12 September 2002. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
- ^ "Crime watch: December 27". Utusan Malaysia. 27 December 2001. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
- ^ "M16 Gang crippled, three members including mastermind shot dead". Utusan Malaysia. 28 December 2001. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
- ^ "Marine Police Detain Ship Believed Hijacked Three Years Ago". bernama.com.my (Bernama). 23 August 2005. Retrieved 5 September 2011.
- ^ "Malaysia seizes 'stolen' ship in nighttime raid". The Taipei Times (Taiwan (ROC)). 25 August 2005. Retrieved 5 September 2011.
- ^ "M'sian Police To Take Over From M'sian Troops In Timor Leste". Bernama. 30 June 2006. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
- ^ "Villagers help in ground search". The Star. 16 July 2007.
- ^ "Anwar arrested, taken to HKL (Update 11)". The Star. 16 July 2008. Retrieved 20 July 2008.
- ^ "Fugitive militant finds rustic retreat away from prying eyes". thestar.com.my (The Star). 11 May 2009. Retrieved 11 May 2009.
- ^ "Fugitive Mas Selamat nabbed". thestar.com.my (The Star). 8 May 2009. Retrieved 9 May 2009.
- ^ "Royal car ambushed by armed men, claims prince". The Star. 8 May 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
- ^ AP/Eileen Ng (8 July 2011). "Malaysia: Kindergarten Hostage Taker Killed". Time (magazine). Retrieved 23 July 2011.
- ^ EPA (7 July 2011). "Malaysian police shoot hostage-taker to end kindergarten siege". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 23 July 2011.
- ^ "Children safe after siege at Malaysian kindergarten". BBC News. 7 July 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2011.
- ^ "Two Malaysians Charged with Inciting Terrorism in Syria". Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA Syria). 16 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
- ^ "Trio held for militant activities". New Straits Times. 8 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
- ^ "Yazid Sufaat and his alleged track of terror". Astro Awani. 8 February 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
- ^ "Lahad Datu: Police the approximately 15 Sulu gunmen who were believed to be part of the ambush were killed in a firefight on 1 March". ABN News. 12 March 2013. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Special Operations Command, Malaysia.
- Berita Harian Online: VAT 69 digeruni komunis (In Malay language).


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The primary audience---men and women who grew up Catholic, and are now inactive or "lapsed"---is 27.5 million strong, according to the Pew Forum. They constitute roughly 10 percent of the U.S. population, making them the second-largest religious demographic in America behind Roman Catholics at 77.7 million and ahead of the Southern Baptist Convention (at 16 million plus). These former Catholics are among your church's elders, nursery workers, and often compose a sizable portion of your congregation.
The Message of Catholics Come Home
If you have watched one of the commercials or visited the website, you were probably impressed by the "evangelical" tone. It is unmistakably warm and inviting with a refreshingly clear focus on the person of Jesus. These programs are the fruit of the Second Vatican Council's vision for mobilizing the laity for outreach (see the encyclical, Evangelii Nuntiandi, by Pope Paul VI), along with recent statements such as John Paul II's Redemptoris missio and the current agency dedicated to evangelism.
While the Vatican's agency is generally aimed at combating the global threat of "de-Christianization," the activity of the New Evangelization in America seems to focus on returning lapsed Catholics from a particular place. A clue to the identity of this destination can be found in the "Answering Your Questions" section of the Catholics Come Home website. Here, apologetic canons take aim at specific doctrines such as "Bible alone" and "faith alone," with arguments marshaled for papal authority and auricular confession. Protestants, especially evangelicals, are evidently the group in view. With 15 million former Catholics now worshiping in Protestant churches in America, this concentration is not surprising.
Nearly a year ago, I wrote an article for Christianity Today on the history and purpose of Catholics Come Home (shortly afterward, a member of this outreach staff graciously sent me a CD and tract urging me to return home to mother Church). The movement is a fascinating story of a Catholic layman, Tom Petersen, who applied his expertise in the field of advertising to his renewed Catholic faith. Summarizing his strategy, Petersen explains:
Each of our television commercials invites people to come to CatholicsComeHome.org, where they are given the opportunity to learn (or relearn) the truth about the Catholic faith, find their local parish and return home. As our site says, coming home to the Catholic Church has never been easier!
The $3.5 million worth of campaign ads are queued to air during programs such as "60 Minutes," "Today," and "NBC Nightly News," primetime shows such as "NCIS," and major college football games on the Dish Network. About this schedule, Petersen speaks with evangelistic zeal: "In our 2,000-year-history, the church has never run a nationwide campaign like this."
The Opportunity before Us
I want to persuade you that the next few weeks represent an extraordinary opportunity for evangelism and discipleship. I think, for instance, of several churches where I have recently enjoyed ministry and fellowship---in Southern California, Louisville, South Bend, New York, and here in Chicago---places in which 50 to 60 percent of the congregations are formerly Catholic. I envision the profusion of conversations that will spring from these ads. In the office, among neighbors, on campuses and, perhaps most predictably, at dinner during Christmas, the question will be asked, "Have you seen those commercials?" So the opportunity begins.
A faithful, missionally minded response will require pastors to model the proper attitude. We should resist the intestinal compulsion that causes many of us in the Reformed tradition to immediately implement the rhetorical howitzer whenever we broach the topic of Catholicism. Yes, we must be concerned with clarifying doctrinal error and offer a faithful answer for our redemptive hope. But, as Scripture admonishes, we do so with "gentleness and respect, having a good conscience" (1 Pet 3:16). Governed by the "grace and truth" character of Jesus himself (John 1:14), this attitude is committed to sharing the message of grace with a gracious posture and voice.
Engaging the Conversation
Evangelicals often fall on one side or another of the theological horse. On one side, some Christians categorically reject the notion of sharing the gospel with Catholics. The mere suggestion that we should articulate the good news to Catholic friends opens a can of worms labeled "proselytism," which is tantamount to sheep stealing and injuring the body of Christ. On the other side of the horse some seemingly cannot visit the Catholic/Protestant intersection without lambasting the pope, Mary, and launching an arsenal of anti-Catholic invectives. Hopefully, we can agree that both of these approaches fall short of our missional calling.
As for the first of these concerns, proselytism, let's be clear that communicating the gospel is a nonnegotiable for every Christian. In the opening chapter of Acts, Jesus says, "You will be my witnesses" (Acts 1:8). In other words, sharing Christ is more than something we do; it is what we are. There is, in a sense, ontological significance to our witness. Therefore, we say with Paul, "Woe to me if I do not preach the gospel" (1 Cor 9:16).
Moreover, data shows that most Catholics don't have a firm grasp on the gospel. The recent survey by sociologists at Catholic University, led by William D'Antonio, bears this out. They reported that a whopping 88 percent of Catholics in America believe that "how a person lives is more important than whether he or she is Catholic." This is precisely what Catholics, such as Peter Kreeft at Boston College, have been saying for years:
There are still many who do not know the data, the gospel. Most of my Catholic students at Boston College have never heard it. They do not even know how to get to heaven. When I ask them what they would say to God if they died tonight and God asked them why he should take them into heaven, nine out of ten do not even mention Jesus Christ. Most of them say they have been good or kind or sincere or did their best. So I seriously doubt God will undo the Reformation until he sees to it that Luther's reminder of Paul's gospel has been heard throughout the church (Ecumenical Jihad, 36).
So let's proclaim the gospel with the utmost passion and clarity. But the manner in which we do it is also important. Kindness, meekness, and gentleness must attend all that we say.
Over these upcoming weeks, when we are confronted with conversations about the Catholics Come Home commercials, let's use missional wisdom. There is much in these ads that we can affirm: the problem of sin, the splendor of Christ, humanity's need of forgiveness, new life, and family bonds in the church. These commercials tee up the evangelistic ball for spiritual topics. In fact, they set us up so nice and high that any duffer with a driver can hit it. But God help us to swing at the correct target. Don't swing at the Catholic Church; swing at the message of God's redemptive grace and drive it deep into the hearts everyone who will listen.
Chris Castaldo serves as director of the Ministry of Gospel Renewal for the Billy Graham Center at Wheaton College. He is the author of Holy Ground: Walking with Jesus as a Former Catholic. He earned an MDiv at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary and is completing a Ph.D. at the London School of Theology. He blogs at www.chriscastaldo.com.


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Thu, Jul 26, 07 at 11:33
|I've heard of making paste tomato sauce by roasting them some in the oven first. My mom even mentioned that there was a recipe for this in a recent Martha Stewart magazine. I can't seem to find it (in the mag or on her website). Anyone else try this? What's the specs on it?
I have lots of paste tomatoes to try this with! Thanks, ya'll!!
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- Posted by ginger_st_thomas (My Page) on Sat, Jul 28, 07 at 8:14
|Check out the Harvest forum. Lots of canners over there.
Here is a link that might be useful: Harvest Forum
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|i saw you wanted ad and will like to pick up contack with you
- Posted by ginger_st_thomas (My Page) on Sun, Jul 29, 07 at 5:34
|Check Fernandez' profile before contacting.
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|He's also emailed me a few times after I asked here for a grape pie recipe. I never quite 'got' just what he was trying to say/ask/suggest, but I did ask him to just post a reply to my thread. He never did though.
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Democrats Heart Medicare Fraudsters
Hey, remember when President Obama crusaded against Medicare fraud and vowed to crack down aggressively on scammers who've bilked the program out of an estimated $90 billion? Like Archie and Edith Bunker used to sing: Those were the daaaays.
While Democrats pretend to protect the elderly and disabled, leaders of the People's Party have pocketed gobs of campaign contributions from fat-cat donors tied to massive Medicare rip-off schemes.
Let's talk some more about Dr. Salomon Melgen, shall we? We now know that the jet-setting Florida eye doctor who flew beleaguered Sen. Bob Menendez, D-N.J., to several alleged sex romps in the Dominican Republic also overbilled the government by $8.9 million for care at his clinic. That's according to Menendez's own aides. They acknowledged last week that their boss met with federal health bureaucrats at least twice to lobby on Melgen's behalf.
"Federal investigators and health-care auditors have had concerns about Melgen's billing practices at various times over the past decade," according to two former federal officials who spoke to The Washington Post. "In part, they have examined the volume of eye injections, surgeries and laser treatments performed at his West Palm Beach clinic."
Now, brace yourselves. A Menendez aide says that while Sen. Sleaze-Bob intervened, he didn't know nuttin' about Melgen being under investigation. Just like he didn't know nuttin' about his longtime aide working for Melgen's port security firm in the Dominican Republic, on whose behalf Sen. Sleaze-Bob also intervened.
And just like he didn't know nuttin' about yet another ride on Melgen's plane in 2008 (exposed this week by the conservative Daily Caller), which he forgot to disclose to the Senate.
Senate Democratic leaders have done nuttin' to prevent Menendez, who also sits on the Senate Finance Committee overseeing Medicare, from playing a prominent role in Medicare reform negotiations while Melgen's Medicare fraud investigation unfolds.
It's all par for the Democrats' conflict-of-interest course, of course. Recently departed Obama health care czar Nancy-Ann DeParle raked in millions from her positions on a handful of corporate boards under fire for various regulatory violations, whistleblower complaints and Medicare fraud.
One of the companies for which DeParle served as a director, kidney dialysis empire DaVita, has been plagued by whistleblower fraud allegations for nearly 20 years. These include long-standing claims (many still under investigation or the subject of ongoing litigation) that the company overused the anemia drug Epogen and then billed Medicare for it; submitted fraudulent Medicare claims for dialysis drugs; and forged alleged kickback schemes between doctors and joint ventures.
Another Medicare fraud suspect, the Stryker Corporation, paid nearly $17 million to settle allegations about false claims submissions in 2007. Pat Stryker, liberal heiress to the Stryker fortune, is an Obama bundler and one of the Democratic Party's wealthiest progressives. She was also behind the now-bankrupt Obama green energy boondoggle in Colorado, Abound Solar.
While the Obama campaign (aided and abetted by the lapdog media) viciously smeared Mitt Romney by tying him to Medicare fraud he had absolutely nothing to do with while at Bain Capital, this White House has escaped any scrutiny of its own ties to accused Medicare scammers. Instead, the administration was happy to powwow with Menendez and other Democratic leaders on policy strategy this week.
What did they have to say about Menendez's lobbying on behalf of Medicare exploiter Melgen and the conflict-of-interest cloud stretching from Capitol Hill to 1600 Pennsylvania? Nuttin'.
Michelle Malkin is the author of "Culture of Corruption: Obama and his Team of Tax Cheats, Crooks and Cronies" (Regnery 2010). Her e-mail address is: [email protected].
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Mecklenburg County and the city of Charlotte are planning to jointly hire an outside expert to assess code enforcement practices after officials heard a storm of complaints from developers, homeowners and real estate professionals.
Code enforcement is also a topic of recent interest by the U.S. Attorneys Office investigating former Charlotte Mayor Patrick Cannon, who faces federal corruption charges. In an FBI affidavit, Cannon had suggested he could influence the process.
In February, County Manager Dena Diorio made the topic a high priority after she and commissioners were bombarded with complaints that the code enforcement and permitting process takes too long and is cumbersome to navigate. She assigned Assistant County Manager Leslie Johnson to come up with recommendations to make the process more efficient and user-friendly.
At Wednesdays county commissioners meeting, Johnson said that once Mecklenburg officials began talking to the city about its process, Charlotte officials asked that the city be included in the independent review.
The review, Johnson said, would identify potential inefficiencies and/or inconsistencies. She said they hope to hire a firm by the end of this month and the assessment would take 18 weeks.
As part of the countys review, Mecklenburg County is also looking at aligning inspection times to the size of the project, Johnson said.
Other initiatives would include a customer service center to help infrequent users, the creation of a quality control process and a website thats easier to navigate.
The countys Land Use & Environmental Services department, which includes code enforcement, also will conduct a customer service survey in the fall.
Wednesday, Commissioner Dumont Clarke and County Attorney Marvin Bethune urged Johnson to make it clear to the public that the review wouldnt change state-set building codes.
Were not talking about changing the codes, but implementing the codes, Bethune said.
Prosecutors question county
Earlier this week, Diorio provided more details to the Observer on the meeting she, Bethune and Ron Gibson, a lawyer in Bethunes law office, had with investigators in the U.S. Attorneys Office about the Cannon case.
Under subpoena, the three met with investigators for 1 to 1 1/2 hours, Diorio said.
The investigators didnt bring up the Cannon case, she said, but wanted to know how the countys code enforcement and permitting process worked.
They wanted to know about the process, the procedure and organizational structure, Diorio said.
Cannon, arrested March 26, told undercover agents he could influence local government, including permitting, planning and zoning and alcohol licensing, according to the 42-page affidavit filed by the FBI. The affidavit said that Cannon told the agents that hed speak to building inspectors, the county commissioners chairman, the county manager and head inspector on behalf of their fictional project.
Many of the functions are handled by the city, but Mecklenburg County oversees building permits to ensure compliance with the N.C. Building Code.
They wanted to know what they (the city) do versus what we do, Diorio said.
She said she doesnt know of any county official or staffer approached by Cannon. She said investigators also asked about elected officials interfacing with staff and if it would be possible for an official to put undue pressure on staffers.
I told them that Ive instructed all employees to treat elected officials like they would treat any other resident, Diorio said.
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West Indies all-rounder Andre Russell will miss the Twenty20 International Series against Australia due to a hamstring injury. The 23-year-old Russell had been playing through pain in the recent ODI series where he was one of the best all-rounders scoring 113 runs and picking up six wickets at an average of 26.33. He bowled with terrific pace and picked up 4 wickets in the final ODI, which West Indies lost. West Indies played with 13 players in the squad for the first T20 at Beausejour as no replacement player was named. The West Indies squad for the second T20 will be named on Wednesday.
Australia's tour of the West Indies, 2012 (Full Coverage)
All-rounder Russell out of T20 series
|Bangalore, 2012/Mar/30 12:36:00
More stories from Australia's tour of the West Indies, 2012
Hussey stands firm as Australia struggleWest Indies held the upper hand at the end of the third day of the first Test as they reduced Australia to 248 for 5, still trailing by 201 runs.
Deonarine included in WI team for 1st TestNarsingh Deonarine and Ravi Rampaul have been selected into the Test team for the first Test against Australia.
Windies end six-year losing streak to AustraliaBig-hitting Kieron Pollard blasted a typically muscular 47 as West Indies clinched their first win in almost six years over Australia when they took the second one-dayer by five wickets on Sunday.
Windies have heart to beat Australia, says NarineRight-arm slow bowler Sunil Narine believes the West Indies' success in finally ending their Australian jinx could pave the way for victory in the five-match series.
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Hell on Wheels Series Premiere Review: Plains, Trains, and Gunslingersby Sean McKenna at . Comments
Blood will be spilled. Lives will be lost. Fortunes will be made. Men will be ruined.
These are the promises made by the sprawling epic that is AMC's latest attempt at another hit drama. Hell On Wheels might not be groundbreaking, but it is captivating and eager to tell multiple stories of the men and women struggling to find purpose after the end of the Civil War.
The show sets off with a shot to the head, introducing us to Cullen Bohannon (Anson Mount), a former confederate soldier seeking vengeance for the murder of his wife. Thankfully, Bohannon garners a sense of complexity besides his straightforward drive to kill his enemies. He did own slaves, but he freed them before the war even started. He did fight in the war, but it was simply for honor. There's just enough good in him to make him a hero, and just enough darkness to question some of his actions. With his fierce gazes and soft spoken nature fixed with a quick hand, this gunslinger intrigues. He's prepared for a journey that is certain to extend beyond his basic acts of revenge.
But even as Hell On Wheels attempts to break from stock characters, one of the most obvious is the corrupt businessman, Thomas "Doc" Durant. He's power hungry, money hungry, deceitful and manipulative. He cares nothing for the people around him, most obviously apparent when he learns of Robert Bell's death. All he cares about are the whereabouts of the man's maps. What's more is he knows he is the "villain" of the story, but as long as he makes a name for himself, the end will justify his means.
Luckily, Colm Meaney is a veteran actor and should breathe some life into a character that for now seems black and white. There has to be something more to Durant than just the railroad.
Of course, it is the gritty backdrop of the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad that draws all of its characters together, each with a particular purpose and struggle. The lack of color and heavy emphasis on the dirt and the grunge adds to the despair and turmoil that surround the quest for something greater. But at what cost? Despite the end of the war and the freedom of the slaves, it's obvious that the times and new changes aren't as quickly taken upon as promised.
For someone like Elam Ferguson (Common), being a freed slave sure doesn't feel like one. He still has something of a master, and the labor he toils endlessly is met with barked orders and demands. He's angry and frustrated and he should be, but life isn't as simple as Lincoln's emancipation proclamation. It's something Ferguson quickly claims he should wipe his ass with. I'm still not sure if Common feels out of place for the part, but there's plenty of room to grow. Plus, I believe that Ferguson's budding friendship with Bohannon should prove interesting.
There's also a portion of the episode focused on the land the railroad is taking over and the Native Americans that refuse to allow the trespassing. Plenty of bloody scalping and arrows to the throat are right around the corner to support their opinions. Clearly, the volumes of topics that can be discussed and played out seem endless, as are questions about the people involved.
But it's Bohannon that manages to lie at the center of the story and draw all others around him together. He remains to be the most interesting of the bunch and the knowledge that a sergeant was mixed up in his wife's murder is perfect fodder for keeping him tied to the railroad and seeking bloodshed.
It's a bummer Ted Levine's character only lived long enough for the pilot because behind that grizzled beard and voice, he was able to chew up his scenes. I enjoyed each of his moments with Bohannon and the contrast to each other. One a confederate who freed his slaves, the other a union soldier who blamed black people for his problems. I wish there was more time for the characters to play off each other, but he was worth every moment he lasted.
It's not doubt that Hell On Wheels will draw comparisons to HBO's Deadwood and exploration of the "west" and the people that lived through it. However, the two shows are wildly different and at times the dialogue here can feel out of placed and even forced. Take, for instance, Lily Bell's comments about "bewitching" that merely made me laugh instead of see her view of the open plain and future drawn out for them. Or even Thomas Durant's long set-up speech at the end of the episode to which he seemed to be talking to no one but himself. I understand that he will allow himself to be the villain of the story and hardship and betrayal is set to come, but why say all of that? Showing is always better, especially if no one is there to listen.
Hell On Wheels does attempt to head in a different direction than Deadwood and there is a feeling of experiencing the people who are living in a time of rebuilding and reconstruction. It's a promising landscape and saga that I hope proves fulfilling. Sure, the premiere was rather slow, but it picks up speed in the next few episodes.
Overall, there's something to be said for trying to bring back the Western and I'm interested to see where the show goes. Let's just hope it's a train worth taking and not one that will end up far off the tracks.
Sean McKenna is a TV Fanatic Staff Writer. Follow him on Twitter.Tags: Reviews, Hell on Wheels
Great show I see this show lasting for years to come it is just a dam good show for real i watch Walking Dead then I watch Hell on wheels these are the two best shows on tv. Forget those other shows like Xfactor and Glee and Modern Family those shows dont have a dam thing on Hell on Wheels I know this show will win a lot of awards and I know Common got to win a ton as well. If he keeps doing what he does the oscar is in sight. So please continue your positive role model image for the kids. Great job again.
helico rc
@Keotaman, Chewing up his scenes means that he did an excellent job. You're getting your metaphors confused. Anyway, I just finished watching the pilot and I really enjoyed it, but I agree that some of the dialogue feels forced. Not only that, but Common's casting was terrible. He looks nothing like a civil war-era slave. I'm pretty sure he's 65% white, 35% black. That bronzed skin of his made him look very out of place. Common isn't a bad actor or anything, but they should have gotten someone like Boardwalk Empire's Michael Kenneth Williams who has the threatening, intimidating menacing look and voice. Common just comes off as a pretty-boy. I know there is much time to get used to him, but I don't think I ever will.
I really enjoyed the pilot. It was a little slow, but character building takes time. I hope it's a slow build into some great scenes. Living in the west (grew up near Tombstone) I've heard/lived this. It's great to see a western on TV. It brings back so many great childhood memories.
I usually enjoy westerns but this wsas much too heavy handed for my taste.
I would sooner see a "real" story about the hardships of building the railroad, without the cliched villians and stereotypes shown here..
I had high hopes for this; sadly, only about ½ way reached. As for Levine chewing up his scenes, I disagree - he did them well and I enjoyed his character, why would you say he was killed off for doing a good job?
Not enough track, train & camp girls, but otherwise pretty good. I like Chief O'Brien, but too much Durant too often will kill this series. Best taken in smaller bites, eh?
I am not a western fan. So I wouldn't be watching it.
Hated to see Levine go so fast too. Hope he gets his own show someday. Good actor. Pilot was well done. Didn't over do cussing and though violent showed just enough to be believable. Now if they let the hero do more than just scowell and growell it should last. Sure hope so.
Loved the show. Nice to have a western back on tv.
The story line is good, but the noisy soundtrack makes it hard to hear what the characters are saying. Too much noise!
I loved the pilot! Hopefully the rest of the series will be as rewarding. Very realistic violence too. I'm typically not big on blood and guts, either, but it was tastefully done.


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Peruvian Chicken with Green Sauce
Community Recipe from
- 1/2 cup(s) soy sauce
- 3/4 cup fresh cilantro leaves
- 1/2 cup soy sauce (low sodium, if you prefer)
- 3 tablespoons distilled white vinegar
- 1-1/2 tablespoons vegetable oil
- 1 tablespoon ground cumin
- 1-1/2 teaspoons hot paprika
- 3/4 teaspoon dried oregano
- 1/4 to 1/2 teaspoon cayenne pepper
- 6 cloves garlic
- 8 small bone-in chicken thighs with skin (about 3 pounds)
- Green Sauce (recipe follows below)
- Directions:
- 1. Combine the cilantro, soy sauce, vinegar, vegetable oil, cumin, paprika, oregano, and the desired amount of cayenne in a blender; press in the garlic (about 2 tablespoons) and puree for the marinade. Combine the marinade and the chicken in a resealable plastic bag and set aside at room temperature for 30 minutes, turning the bag once.
- 2. Place an oven rack on the top shelf of the oven and preheat the oven to 450°F. Drain the chicken, discarding the marinade, and pat the chicken dry. Arrange the chicken on a rack in a shallow roasting pan. Roast for 20 to 30 minutes, or until crispy and cooked through. Let rest for 10 minutes before serving. Top each portion with green sauce. Yield: 4 to 5 servings.
- Green Sauce: Combine 3 large scallions, trimmed and halved, 1/4 cup sliced Serrano chile with seeds and ribs, 1 tablespoon fresh lemon juice, 2 oz crumbled goat cheese (1/2 cup), 1 tablespoon vegetable oil, 1/2 teaspoon salt, 1/4 teaspoon black pepper, and 1/2 cup half-and-half in a blender and puree until smooth.
May 2012
This recipe is a personal recipe added by EleanorCook and has not been tested or endorsed by MyRecipes.
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Peruvian Chicken with Green Sauce Recipe at a Glance
- COURSE: Main Dishes
- CUISINE: South American
- MAIN INGREDIENT: Poultry
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Invisibly set, the Rolex is faceless
from Kanye West (Ft. Pusha T) – Runaway Lyrics on Genius
Invisibility and Facelessness
Invisible settings are used to hide the metal and show only the diamonds in jewelery. But a Rolex like any watch usually has a face, the part where you can read the time. Here the diamonds are so bright they render the Rolex faceless, essentially defeating its purpose.
This serves as a reminder that the cliched ambitions of consumerist culture—Rolexes, wealth, money, etc.—can ultimately become self-defeating.
To help improve the quality of the lyrics, visit "Runaway" by Kanye West (Ft. Pusha T) Lyrics and leave a suggestion at the bottom of the page


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- Posted May 1, 2014 by
- kengsherman Follow
Survival Medicine Experts Dr. Joe and Nurse Amy Alton, Create Board Game To Teach Survival Skills For Families
"As we travel the country teaching and speaking at various preparedness conferences, we are regularly approached by people, usually the heads of households who tell us, 'You're very lucky, you're both on the same page and understand how important it is to be prepared for any disaster. I can't get my spouse or my family members to be involved in this," says Nurse Practitioner Alton. "We thought that a board game would be a great way to learn the skills of general preparedness—not just medical preparedness, although that is our focus. The game teaches preparedness in a way that is fun, not dryly educational or boring."
"Survival!" aims to get older children and other family members who are not in a preparedness mindset involved in learning survival skills. According to Dr. Alton, the game is a fun, challenging and family-friendly way to teach people how to be ready for disaster scenarios and how to make difficult decisions that may be required in survival situations.
The game is set in a post-pandemic world where there are very few people left. The objective of the game is to collect supplies, such as fuel, food, medicine and weapons, find other survivors and scout locations that can serve as a safe haven in which to start over. Dr. Alton explains the decision to use a pandemic as the cause of the game's post-apocalyptic setting: "The main question we get from experienced gamers is, 'Where are the zombies?' Everyone loves zombies, but we decided, as survivalists, to create a realistic scenario for our game. Zombies just don't exist, but pandemics do. The pandemic of 1918 wiped out tens of millions of people across the globe, and that was before commercial air travel made it so easy for diseases to get around the globe." The experts wanted to show that they could put together a fun and challenging game that had its roots in a real-life scenario.
They also host a radio talk show, "The Doom and Bloom Survival Medicine Hour" and have written a book, The Survival Medicine Handbook. Additional information on Dr. and Nurse Practitioner Alton is available at: http://www.doomandbloom.net.
What do you think of this story?
iReport welcomes a lively discussion, so comments on iReports are not pre-screened before they post. See the iReport community guidelines for details about content that is not welcome on iReport.


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Muck Boot Kids' Rover II Winter Boots
Product Information:
They can take on whatever gets in their path in The Original Muck Boot Company™'s Rover II winter boot. To take play time anywhere, this durable style comes with a self-cleaning outsole that wraps the entire perimeter for maximum traction and protection. A stretch-fit topline binding wraps around the calf to retain warmth, keeping them comfortable in any conditions, and added toe protection comes with a wrap-up bumper.
- Comfort range of sub-freezing conditions to 85° F
- Stretch-fit topline binding wraps around the calf to retain heat, keep out the cold
- 5mm CR flex-foam bootie with four-way stretch nylon for flexibility
- Wrap-up bumper adds tough toe protection
- Self-cleaning outsole wraps the entire perimeter for maximized protection and traction on any ground
- Mossy Oak Break-Up® camo pattern
Country of Origin: ChinaWeb ID: 11910526
Customer Reviews:
Muck Boot Kids' Rover II Winter Boots 13 13
Great boots! My previous pair of Muck boots finally wore out after lasting eight years of extremely, almost daily, hard wear in rain, dry weather and snow. I wore them to muck stalls, foal out horses and work in a boarding kennel. They are very comfortable and have good support so they can be worn all day long. December 16, 2014
Great products and great service Great pair of boots looks good. Very pleased with service and shipment. November 29, 2014
Great boots very nice boots, but a little pricey for children. October 19, 2014
Excellent product True to size--great fit--my son wears these boots when he goes hunting and they are perfect for all types of weather. September 20, 2014
Awesome! Awesome! Read all about it! Great boots! My son wears them in all outdoor activities, and even four wheelin! I don't like there are no half sizes! So I got him next size up! I mean who doesn't love them mucks! August 26, 2014
Not as warm as I thought they would b. Will not buy again not as good as I thought they would b. December 11, 2013
This product exceeds our wishes We purchased them for our son and he loves them. They are very comfortable and will be a good addition to his hunting ware. C.B. Tennessee December 3, 2013
Awesome Boots! These boots were purchased for my 11 year old son to hunt in and they definitely keep his feet warm. They are true to size since he wears a size 7 - 7.5 in shoes and the size 7 fit perfect, with even a little room to grow in. So glad we made this purchase! He loves them! November 25, 2013
Grandson just loves these boots. Our Grandson loves these boots, he could not be more pleased. He has a problem with blistering of his hands and feet so he must be very careful about what kind of clothing and footwear he needs. He loved the comfort these provided him.. Thank You. November 5, 2013
Great choice Purchased these for my son, the fit and color are amazing. Would recommend to all, and in fact am purchasing a second pair for my other son. September 24, 2013


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PCgo magazine: "Autopano Pro makes both amateurs and professionals happy – the results speak for themselves."
Thursday, January 19th, 2012
|Autopano Pro has just obtained the mark of 86/100 ("very good") in the German magazine PCgo. The magazine highlights the application's ease of use for beginners as well as the advances features for experienced photographers. Here is the full article translated in English. (read more…)


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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
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Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
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"Hubs liked the chunks of apple in it. I did add a sprinkle of cinnamon sugar on top before baking (what can I say, I love cinnamon, but that is the only alteration I made. Thanks for a great one that I can put into rotation!"
"I was leery of this recipe, but took a chance because I wanted something different. This was a definite pleaser with me and my husband, but my daughter didn't care for it (big surprise). We will be making this again! Already gave you props on FB! lol"
"My household loved this recipe! Like others said, not sticky, but it works VERY well. I cooked it in a wok instead of the oven, served it over rice and was considered a SHE-ro for spending less than 30 minutes in the kitchen!"
"My family loved this! I used this because it has the lemon pepper in itand my daughter will usually only eat lemon pepper tilapia. I used minced garlic instead of garlic powder. Even my picky daughter loved it. Definite re-make!"
"We didn't have the shrimp, so I had to add a little water to make the sauce. We like the onion and garlic flavor, so I minced some in the food processor and sauteed them before the chicken. Used olive oil. FABULOUS results!"
"The rice had a great flavor. I was leery about the honey in it, wondering what the taste would end up being, but everyone loved it and went back for more! I did adjust the recipe for double the rice, using double the liquid, becuase my family likes rice, and boy was I glad that I did! There was no rice leftover, and this is a definite keeper!"
"Awesome recipe! Great flavor."
"Everyone, including my picky 9 year old loved this chicken! Thanks for a great meal! I added the juice from the other half of the lemon that was left over, but left the rest of the recipe as is. Wonderful!"


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Hard to fix as Lenovo is not dual channel wifi.
Just an example. I plan to run Akai's Aria software with an enhanced skin to use with my Akai EWI (electric wind instrument) that has no modern companion app. DV8P lets me real mobile when playing...
That was my plan too, but I have just read on Dell's site it's a USB2 port so I doubt it will do. Please confirm. :-( Will try as soon as my 64GB model arrives.
SuperSite for Windows
Sponsored Introduction Continue on to (or wait seconds) ×


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Watch Taggart
Meet detectives Burke, Ross, Reid, and Fraser--a team of Glasgow cops as hard as the criminals they chase and as gritty as the city they call home. Matthew Burke (Alex Norton, Patriot Games) is their leader, a chief inspector who has seen it all before and fully expects to see it all again. Robbie Ross (John Michie, To Walk with Lions) often finds himself on the receiving end of Burke's sarcasm, though the hardworking Jackie Reid (Blythe Duff) and fresh-faced Stuart Fraser (Colin McCredie) do not escape either. Together, the formidable foursome takes on everything that the mean streets of Glasgow throw its way.
Watch Full Episodes of Taggart
Taggart Full Episode Guide
- Episode 7 - So Long Baby
Having clocked off work the night before his holiday, DI Ross finds an abandoned baby gurgling on a doorstep on his walk home. After ringing the doorbell but getting no response, Ross checks round the back only to discover a French window wide open and a dead man lying in a pool of blood. Are the baby and the victim connected? Ross calls in the team to help with the investigation.
- Episode 6 - The Knife Trick
When a law professor is accidentally stabbed to death in front of 30 trainee police officers during a training exercise it appears at first to be just a tragic accident. But when the team discover that the knife was tampered with, it soon turns into a murder enquiry. The team have 30 eye witnesses - but do the trainees really hold the key to solving the crime?
- Episode 5 - Grass
- Episode 4 - Cold Reader
A young student is abducted and her mother's psychic advisor approaches the team and claims to be able to trace the girl's whereabouts. As usual, Burke is more than a little sceptical, but when he finds that all leads seem to be going nowhere, he reluctantly attends one of the psychic's shows, becoming unsettled as she tells him things about his father no-one else could know. As a result he begins to wonder if there is more to her than initially meets the eye.
- Episode 3 - Crossing the Line
- Episode 2 - Homesick
- Episode 1 - Safer
- Episode 5 - Point of Light
- Episode 4 - A Study in Murder
- Episode 3 - Trust
- Episode 2 - Island
- Episode 1 - Judgement Day


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Definitions for magnet, bar
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word magnet, bar
The Standard Electrical Dictionary
Magnet, Bar
A bar magnet is one in the shape of a bar, i. c., straight with parallel sides and considerably longer than wide or deep.
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"magnet, bar." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2014. Web. 20 Dec. 2014. <http://www.definitions.net/definition/magnet, bar>.