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Trance is a style of electronic dance music that developed in the 1980s. Trance music is generally characterized by a tempo of between 130 and 160 BPM, featuring repeating melodic synthesizer phrases, and a musical form that builds up and down throughout a track. It often features crescendos and breakdowns. Sometimes vocals are also utilized. The style is arguably derived from a combination of largely electronic music such as ambient music, techno, and house. In the early 1980s, the German composer Klaus Schulze composed several albums of experimental, atmospheric space music.
- She Music
- Carbon Based Lifeforms Contaminated Area
- Гражданская Оборона К тебе
- Dead Silence Hides My Cries Locked Inside a Dream
- Astronaut Ape iWorld 2.0
- Astronaut Ape Thirty Fourth Ritual
- iamerror The Zelda Song (Hyr00l)
- Emanuele Errante Fecunda
- Ad·ver·sary International Dark Skies
- Ticon Balkan Tourist
Carbon Based Lifeforms
Tagged: Ambient Chillout Electronic Downtempo Psychill
Гражданская Оборона
Tagged: Punk Psychedelic Rock Post-punk Russian Russian Rock
Dead Silence Hides My Cries
Tagged: Deathcore Symphonic Deathcore Metalcore Sympho Belarus
Astronaut Ape
Tagged: Psychill Ambient Psychedelic Lounge Chillout
Astronaut Ape
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Tagged: Nintendocore Cybergrind 8-bit Nintendogrind Grindcore
Emanuele Errante
Tagged: Ambient Electronic Minimal Experimental Italian
Tagged: Rhythmic Noise Industrial Noise Power Noise Electronic
Tagged: Psytrance Progressive Trance Progressive Psytrance Electronic Goa

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Telltale Games have tweeted 3 screenshots for The Wolf Among Us Episode 4. According to 1 of the tweets, the episode will be arriving soon.
What if Star Fox and F-Zero have more in common than simply being two beloved franchises that Nintendo has neglected in recent years?
SpawnFirst discusses the delightful and vibrant foods and drinks found in our video games, and we've found a trove of sites who have recreated them in real life for us to enjoy. Bon appetit!
Developer Guerilla Games announced that they are releasing an expansion called Killzone Shadowfall Intercept, an expansion for Killzone Shadow Fall that will bring four player online co-op mode to the game. The expansion will be released in June, so get your friends together for some awesome carnage.
It's been reported that PS3 games have popped up on the PlayStation online store. As if we need another reason to rush out and purchase Sony's Next Gen console.
A launch trailer for Machine Games' Wolfenstein: The New Order has just been released. The trailer shows off the game's story mode and some of the gameplay
Ubisoft has announced that Watch Dogs has gone gold, meaning all development on the game has been finished. The game is on schedule and ready to ship worldwide on May 27.
If you already paid for Xbox LIve Gold in June but wish to cancel, Microsoft is offering to refund your money. Refunds will be available in all countries starting in June.
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Multiple access (e.g., FDMA)
Subclass of:
370 - Multiplex communications
370343000 - Combining or distributing information via frequency channels
Patent class list (only not empty are listed)
Deeper subclasses:
|FREQUENCY ERROR ESTIMATION - Aspects relate to frequency estimation and tracking. Frequency information is extracted based on an observation of a single symbol carrying pilot tones, which can be at any bandwidth location. Specifically, the frequency error information is extracted after selecting tones assigned to a specific user. The frequency error can be corrected based on the estimation. Further, the disclosed aspects can be applied to multi-path environments.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS OF SYSTEM SCHEDULER - Briefly, according to embodiments of the invention, there is provided a wireless communication system and a method to receive by a base station from a first mobile station a first chain of data symbols transmitted by at least two antennas and having a first transmit diversity, to receive from a second mobile station a second chain of data symbols transmitted by at least two antennas and having a second transmit diversity. Both first and second chains of data symbols are transmitted from the first and second mobile stations at the same time, modulated according to an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme and encoded by a space time block codes scheme.
|BASE STATION SYNCHRONIZATION - Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate synchronizing base stations in a wireless communication environment. A base station can receive a synchronization signal sent via a low reuse channel, which can be shared by a group of base stations. Further, the base station can align a clock associated therewith to the received synchronization signal. Moreover, the base station can coarsely align the clock to a first synchronization signal received upon a first subset of resources of the low reuse channel, and finely align the clock to a second synchronization signal received upon a second subset of resources (e.g., of the low reuse channel, of a separate channel, . . . ), where the second subset of resources can be reserved for transmission from at least one base station with at least a predetermined level of synchronous accuracy.
|Automatic Identification System Receiver and Satellite Payload Comprising the Same - An Automatic Identification System—AIS—receiver comprising at least one processing section (PS
|RADIO COMMUNICATION METHOD, TERMINAL APPARATUS, BASE STATION APPARATUS, AND RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A radio communication method in a radio communication system which performs radio communication between a terminal apparatus and a base station apparatus, the radio communication method including: selecting one of a first transmission method or a second transmission method on the basis of transmission power of transmission signal transmitted from the terminal apparatus, in the base station apparatus; and transmitting the transmission signal to the base station apparatus by the selected first or second transmission method, in the terminal apparatus.
|Management frame map directed operational parameters within multiple user, multiple access, and/or MIMO wireless communications - Management frame map directed operational parameters within multiple user, multiple access, and/or MIMO wireless communications. A management frame map may be generated within and transmitted from a first wireless communication device to a number of other wireless communication devices. Thereafter, certain subsequently transmitted packets may be analyzed and processed by the receiving wireless communication devices based on that earlier received management frame map. One or more operational parameters are determined for a subsequently transmitted packet based on the previously received management frame map; such operational parameters then govern the manner in which at least a portion of the subsequently transmitted packet is processed. Some examples of such operational parameters include a cluster on which a least a portion of the packet is transmitted, a modulation coding scheme (MCS), a forward error correction (FEC) coding scheme, space time block coding (STBC), an antenna configuration within the wireless communication device, etc.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING UPLINK CONTROL INFORMATION - A method of transmitting uplink control information of a user equipment is provided. The method includes: generating the uplink control information repeatedly as many as uplink data transmission layers; modulating the uplink control information to generate a plurality of repeated modulation symbol; applying a precoding matrix to the plurality of repeated modulation symbols to generate a plurality of first precoded symbol; and transmitting the plurality of first precoded symbols respectively through a plurality of antennas in an uplink subframe comprising a plurality of single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols in a time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain.
|PILOT TRANSMISSION AND CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM UTILIZING FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING - A receiver for receiving a pilot generated based on a polyphase sequence having a constant time-domain envelope and a flat frequency spectrum is disclosed. In one design, the receiver includes at least one demodulator and at least one processor. The demodulator(s) receive at least one single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol transmitted via a communication channel and including pilot symbols generated based on a polyphase sequence. The demodulator(s) remove a cyclic prefix in each SC-FDMA symbol and demodulate the at least one SC-FDMA symbol to obtain received pilot symbols. The processor(s) derive a channel estimate for the communication channel based on the received pilot symbols.
|PARTITIONING OF FREQUENCY RESOURCES FOR TRANSMISSION OF CONTROL SIGNALS AND DATA SIGNALS IN SC-FDMA COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - A method for the partitioning frequency resources used in the transmission of control signals and data signals by user equipments in a communication system. The control signals and data signals are for periodic transmission and dynamic transmission. Also provided is an apparatus and method for user equipments to determine the first frequency unit available for the transmission of dynamic control signals, such as acknowledgement signals associated respective reception of data signals configured through a scheduling assignment by a serving Node B. The utilization of the operating bandwidth is maximized by avoiding fragmentation and facilitates the achievement of reception reliability targets particularly for control signals.
|METHOD FOR SENDING A MIDDLE PILOT - A method for sending a middle pilot is disclosed. The sending method comprises: selecting a middle pilot sequence set; creating a middle pilot subcarrier union; mapping by a base station a middle pilot sequence in the middle pilot sequence set after modulation through an OFDMA or OFDM symbol for transmitting the middle pilot onto a middle pilot subcarrier in a middle pilot subcarrier union corresponding to each transmission antenna, or, mapping by a base station a middle pilot sequence in the middle pilot sequence set through an OFDMA or OFDM symbol for transmitting the middle pilot onto a middle pilot subcarrier in a middle pilot subcarrier union corresponding to each transmission antenna and then performing modulation on the data at the subcarrier. By way of the present invention, the sending of middle pilot sequences is achieved, and the method reduces the periodicity of pilot symbols in the frequency domain and improves downlink performance of user data.
|METHOD FOR RESOLVING COLLISION OF UPLINK SIGNALS - A method for processing data in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes receiving a first uplink scheduling command indicating a first radio resource, receiving a second uplink scheduling command indicating a second radio resource through a random access response, and stopping a procedure associated with the second uplink scheduling command when the first radio resource and the second radio resource collide.
|Physical structure and design of sounding channel in OFDMA systems - In wireless OFDMA systems, sounding channels are allocated within predefined resource blocks. In a distributed sounding channel allocation scheme, a sounding channel is allocated to meet various design considerations. First, sounding signals do not collide with original pilots transmitted in the same resource block by other mobile stations to achieve good quality channel estimation. Second, sounding pattern does not affect data transmission behavior of other mobile stations in the same resource block. Third, sounding pattern consistency among multiple tiles within each resource block is maintained so that mobile stations do not need to implement additional data mapping rules. In a symbol-based sounding channel allocation scheme, a sounding channel is allocated in the first or the last OFDM symbol of a resource block, while the remaining consecutive OFDM symbols are used for data transmission. The symbol-based sound channel naturally satisfies all design considerations.
|Communications Systems - In a multi user communication system, subcarriers are allocated to subchannels using a quality measurement for each subchannel. An initial sub carrier is allocated to each subchannel, and a quality metric measured. Subsequent subcarriers are allocated in dependence upon the quality measurement for each subchannel. The subchannel with the lowest quality measurement receives the first allocation, and the subchannel with the highest quality measurement receives the last allocation. The subsequent allocation is repeated, following a re-sort of the subchannel quality measurements, until all of the subcarriers are allocated.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING RANGING SIGNAL IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A method and apparatus of generating a ranging signal in a wireless communication system is provided. A mobile station (MS) generates a ranging code in which a covering code has been applied to each of a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) symbols, and maps the ranging code to a plurality of subcarriers constituting each of the OFDMA symbols. The ranging signal is generated by performing OFDMA modulation on each of the OFDMA symbols.
|METHOD OF TRANSMITTING SCHEDULING REQUEST IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A method of transmitting a scheduling request which is used to request a radio resource for uplink transmission includes configuring an uplink control channel for transmission of a scheduling request in a subframe, the subframe comprising two consecutive slots, a slot comprising a plurality of single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols, the scheduling request being carried by presence or absence of transmission of the uplink control channel, and transmitting the scheduling request on the uplink control channel.
|Method for encoding data blocks - Prior to transferring to a radio communication system, at least one data block is encoded according to predetermined quality-of-service requirements with the aid of a first code. Subsequently, the data block, encoded by the first code, is further encoded according to the radio transmission properties of a usable radio transmission source with the aid of a second code.
|METHOD FOR UPLINK TRANSMISSION IN OFDM(A) SYSTEM - A method for uplink transmission in an OFDMA system is provided. The subcarrier transmission method includes arranging 4 pilot REs at different positions of a frequency axis in a basic unit when the basic unit includes 4 subcarriers on the frequency axis and
|WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE TRANSMISSION ANTENNAS USING PILOT SUBCARRIER ALLOCATION - A method for allocating pilot subcarriers in a resource block for a wideband wireless mobile communication system using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDMA) modulation is discussed. In this method, pilot subcarriers are allocated in the resource block so that a group of consecutive data subcarriers separated from adjacent other group of consecutive data subcarriers by the pilot subcarriers has even number of subcarriers within an OFDMA symbol.
|METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING UPLINK SIGNALS - A method for transmitting uplink signals, which include ACK/NACK signals, control signals other than the ACK/NACK signals, and data signals, is disclosed. The method comprises serially multiplexing the control signals and the data signals; sequentially mapping the multiplexed signals within a specific resource region in accordance with a time-first mapping method, the specific resource region including a plurality of symbols and a plurality of virtual subcarriers; and arranging the ACK/NACK signals at both symbols near symbols to which a reference signal of the plurality of symbols is transmitted. Thus, the uplink signals can be transmitted to improve receiving reliability of signals having high priority.
|OFDMA-BASED RADIO COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND LEARNING SIGNAL GENERATION METHOD FOR COMPENSATION OF NON-LINEAR DISTORTION IN THE RADIO COMMUNICATION APPARATUS - An OFDMA radio communication apparatus of the present invention includes a radio transmitter that amplifies a transmission signal by a amplifier; and a distortion compensation unit that generates distortion compensation coefficient data that serve to compensate for non-linear distortion of the amplifier based on a learning signal and inputs a transmission signal obtained by multiplying an OFDMA signal by the distortion compensation coefficient data to the radio transmitter. The device further includes an MAC unit that generates the learning signal and inserts it as a burst signal in a burst region of OFDMA frames to which a burst signal can he allocated so as to generate OFDMA frame data; and a PHY unit that converts the OFDMA frame data into the OFDMA signal of a frequency domain based on a transmission mode of an OFDMA that has been set for the device and inputs it to the distortion compensation unit.
|COMMON AND DEDICATED MODULATION AND CODING SCHEME FOR A MULTICARRIER SYSTEM - A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for wireless communication are provided in which at least one modulation and coding scheme (MCS) is determined based on feedback received for a plurality of downlink (DL) carriers and transmitted from a device. Data is modulated and coded, according to the at least one MCS, for transmission to the device on the DL carriers.
|FREQUENCY BAND ADJUSTING METHOD, COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND FREQUENCY BAND ADJUSTING APPARATUS - A frequency band adjusting method, in a first communication system and a second communication system sharing usable frequency band with each other, for adjusting the frequency band used by a first communication apparatus in the first communication system, comprising: determining whether or not increase in the frequency band used by the first communication apparatus is necessary based on the frequency band used by the first communication apparatus and the number of access to the first communication apparatus; determining whether or not increase in the frequency band used by the first communication apparatus is to be approved, according as there is or there is not unused frequency band not used by a second communication apparatus in the second communication system having coverage overlapping with the first communication apparatus; and, if increase is approved, increasing the frequency band used by the first communication apparatus.
|WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS IN A MULTI-SECTOR NETWORK - In a wireless network employing Spatial Division Multiplexing Access ("SDMA") in at least one of its cells, a method is provided for dynamically allocating transmission resources to different subscriber devices. The method comprises the steps of: providing at least one base station comprising at least one antenna array; providing one or more sectors associated with that wireless communications network; dynamically dividing one or more of the sectors into a plurality of virtual sub-sectors, each allowing communications between the base station and at least one respective subscriber; from among the plurality of the virtual sub-sectors, selecting at least one pair of subscriber devices wherein each of the pair of subscriber devices is not interfered substantially by transmissions directed to the other subscriber of that pair; for each of the divided sectors, generating plurality of time frequency allocation maps; transmitting the generated maps to all virtual sub-sectors associated with the respective sector; and for each of the sectors, beamforming the transmissions to be conveyed to the subscriber devices' pairs, summing them and conveying the summed result towards the array antenna.
|CONTROL AND DATA SIGNALING IN SC-FDMA COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - Apparatus and method for multiplexing control information bits and data information bits into sub-frame symbols depending on the location of symbols carrying a reference signal (RS), to provide an estimate for the channel medium and enable coherent demodulation for signals carrying information bits. The control information bits include ACK or NAK and/or channel CQI bits. The ACK/NAK bits are placed with priority in symbols around the symbols carrying the RS, to allow for improved accuracy of the channel estimate, followed by the CQI bits when both ACK/NAK and CQI bits exist. Moreover, the sub-frame resources required to achieve the desired reception reliability for the control information depend on the operating conditions and can varied to minimize the associated control overhead.
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ALLOCATING RESOURCES IN A SINGLE CARRIER-FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS SYSTEM - An apparatus and method for allocating resources in an Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) communication system are provided, in which a Node B performs inter-subband hopping on a resource unit for a User Equipment (UE) on a frequency axis along which at least two subbands are defined, at each predetermined hopping time, determines whether to turn on or off mirroring in a subband having the hopped resource unit on a cell basis at the each hopping time, selects a resource unit by selectively mirroring the hopped unit according to the determination, and allocates the selected resource unit to the UE.
|Wireless Communication Apparatus - A wireless communication apparatus including: a specific external communication section configured to communicate with a specific external communication device through a wireless communication while successively changing a communication frequency band that is a frequency band in which a communication is performed; and a communication condition recognizing section configured to recognize a communication condition in each of a plurality of frequency ranges each having a predetermined range width, wherein the specific external communication section determines, on the basis of the recognized communication condition in each of the plurality of frequency ranges, a set number of a plurality of communication planned frequency bands in each of which the specific external communication section is planned to communicate with the specific external communication device, by allocating to a part of the plurality of frequency ranges, and wherein the specific external communication section communicates, in the determined communication planned frequency bands, with the specific external communication device while successively changing the communication frequency band.
|WIRELESS MULTIPOINT VOICE NETWORK - In general, a mobile unit for communicating with other mobile units assigned to a group within a Multipoint Voice Network ("MVN") having a plurality of groups is shown. The mobile unit may include transmitter, receiver, and controller. The transmitter is enabled to transmit a set of multiple carrier frequencies, where the transmitter is configured to transmit on one frequency chosen from a sub-set of multiple carrier frequencies from the set of multiple carrier frequencies. The sub-set of multiple carrier frequencies correspond the group. The receiver is configured to receive and demodulate the sub-set of multiple carrier frequencies and the controller configures the receiver to receive and demodulate the sub-set of multiple carrier frequencies that is assigned to the group.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING CONTROL INFORMATION TO RANDOMIZE INTER-CELL INTERFERENCE IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving control information in an SC-FDMA system are provided, in which different cyclic shift values are generated for different SC-FDMA symbols in one of a slot and a subframe, a sequence allocated for CDM of control information is cyclically shifted by the cyclic shift values, and a control channel signal including the control information is combined with the cyclically shifted sequences on an SC-FDMA symbol basis and transmitted in the SC-FDMA symbols.
|COMMUNICATIONS IN OFDMA-BASED WIRELESS RADIO NETWORKS - The invention relates to a method for transporting a machine-to-machine, M2M, signal (
|METHOD AND A TRANSMITTER IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK - The object of the present invention is to achieve a solution for handling the increased PAPR that is introduced by the FD and/or TD multi-antenna processing. This is achieved by isolating the PAPR increase to one, or a few antennas, that are matched with more powerful PAs, whereas the remaining antennas may use simpler/smaller PAs amplifying signals with smaller PAPRs.
|QUICK PAGING RECEIVERS IN TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - Methods and apparatus by which receiving stations or other communication network nodes can receive quick paging code words assigned by transmitting stations to the receiving stations. A receiving station can estimate the characteristics of the channel to the transmitting station based on a downlink-frame's preamble and use correlation to detect the presence of an assigned code word. The receiving station can suppress interference from other transmitting stations in the correlation operation based on the nature of the interference signal. When the receiving station knows an interfering signal from another transmitting station, the receiving station can subtract the interfering signal before carrying out the correlation operation.
|POWER DECISION PILOT FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION - Techniques for transmitting power decision pilots are described. A transmitter (e.g., a base station or a UE) may transmit a power decision pilot to indicate a transmit power level that it will use on subsequent time-frequency resources. In one design, the transmitter may determine a set of time-frequency resources to use for transmitting the power decision pilot, determine the transmit power level for the power decision pilot based on the transmit power level to use for data transmission, and transmit the power decision pilot on the set of time-frequency resources to indicate the transmit power level to use for data transmission on the subsequent time-frequency resources. A receiver (e.g., a UE or a base station) may receive power decision pilots from a set of transmitters and may estimate channel quality that the receiver can expect on the subsequent time-frequency resources based on the power decision pilots.
|FRACTIONAL FREQUENCY REUSE IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - An apparatus and method for fractional frequency reuse in a communication system. The method includes a first step
|FREQUENCY BLOCK ALLOCATION APPARATUS AND METHOD, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM - A frequency block allocation apparatus based on a single carrier frequency division multiple access method includes an allocation index computation target selector that selects frequency block groups, each consisting of one or more continuous non-allocated frequency blocks from a set of non-allocated frequency blocks; an allocation index computation unit that computes an allocation index for each target pair of each frequency block group and a terminal; and a frequency block allocation unit that determines one of the target pairs to be a frequency block allocation target, in accordance with priority based on the computed allocation indexes.
|METHOD FOR TRANSCEIVING A SIGNAL IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A method of transmitting a signal using a prescribed frame structure in a wireless communication system is disclosed. A mobile station is able to transmit or receive a signal using a frame structure with a CP length corresponding to ¼ of a useful symbol. Moreover, the mobile station is able to transmit or receive a signal using a frame structure with a CP length corresponding to ¼ of a useful symbol, which is designed to mutually coexist without causing collision or interference with another frame structure with a different CP length. In this case, a channel bandwidth of the prescribed frame structure is 8.75 MHz.
|EFFICIENT CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD USING SUPERIMPOSED TRAINING FOR EQUALIZATION IN UPLINK OFDMA SYSTEMS - The present invention relates to channel estimation in uplink OFDMA systems and in particular to an efficient channel estimation method involving superimposed training for equalization in uplink OFDMA systems. The method is also directly applicable to the uplink in important linearly pre-coded versions of OFDMA like SC-FDMA. Importantly, the invention provides for the first time iterative time domain least squares based channel estimation method of superimposed training based uplink OFDMA/SC-FDMA wherein the training sequence for such channel estimation is optimal in terms of BER minimization. Hence the method according to the present invention is of improved accuracy and is well suited for practical implementation. The method of the invention can have wide application in various wireless communication systems and enabled devices, cellular systems, handheld devices, computers, PDAs and cell phones and the like.
|Pilot signal in an FDMA communication system
|DATA TRANSMISSION METHOD IN A MULTI-CARRIER SYSTEM, AND TRANSMITTER - A transmitter includes a plurality of transmit antennas, a processor configured to process user data, and a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) signal generator configured to receive the user data and generate SC-FDMA symbols transmitted through the plurality of transmit antennas. The SC-FDMA signal generator independently performs inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) for each transmit antenna, and each of the plurality of transmit antennas is associated with each of a plurality of carriers.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING DIFFERENT SIGNAL TYPES IN COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - A method and apparatus for multiplexing a reference signal from a User Equipment (UE), not having any other signal transmission in the respective Transmission Time Interval (TTI), with a reference signal from another UE also having data transmission in the respective TTI, or with the control signal and reference signal from another UE transmitted in the respective TTI. The multiplexed reference signal from the UE not having any other signal transmission in the respective TTI can serve as a sounding reference signal to enable the serving base station to apply link adaptation to a subsequent signal transmitted by the UE or it can serve as a reference signal conveying state information, such as resource request or service request.
|COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATION METHOD - A modulator generates a modulation signal from an input signal. A serial-parallel converter generates a subcarrier modulation signal from the modulation signal. An inserter inserts a transmission-side data series, generated by multiplying a data series having an autocorrelation property by a predetermined series amplitude coefficient, in a signal for synthesis, generated by multiplying the subcarrier modulation signal by a predetermined signal amplitude coefficient, in such a way that elements in the signal for synthesis and elements in the transmission-side data series are alternately positioned, thereby generating first data. An IFFT unit performs an inverse fast Fourier transformation on the first data. A separator generates a baseband signal based on first half data of an operation result from the IFFT unit. A transmitter generates a transmission signal from the baseband signal, and transmits it to another apparatus via an antenna.
|ENHANCING UPLINK LINK BUDGET IN OFDMA COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - Methods and apparatus to enhance uplink link budget in Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication systems are described. In one embodiment, a wireless device may increase its transmit power and/or perform subchannel repetition (e.g., in a WiMAX environment) based on at least one indication by an access point. Other embodiments are also described.
|TRANSMITTER, TRANSMITTING METHOD, RECEIVER, AND RECEIVING METHOD - A transmitter which alleviates the effect of delayed waves without reducing the transmission efficiency to prevent degradation in overall throughput. In the transmitter for transmitting the SC-FDMA signals, a data realignment section (
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ACQUIRING A PREAMBLE IN AN ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS MOBILE TERMINAL - A preamble acquisition apparatus includes a first PN code generation unit for generating a first PN code having a bit string, a first correlation calculation unit for correlating a received frequency domain preamble signal with the first PN code within a first correlation range to generate a first correlation value, a first correlation value comparison unit for comparing the first correlation value with a first threshold value, a second PN code generation unit for generating a second PN code, a second correlation calculation unit for correlating the received frequency domain preamble signal with the second PN code within a second correlation range to generate a second correlation value, and a preamble acquisition determination unit for comparing the second correlation value with a second threshold value to determine whether to acquire the preamble. The bit values of the first PN code are located in the second PN code.
|METHOD OF TRANSMITTING SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A method of transmitting a sounding reference signal includes generating a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) carrying uplink control information on a subframe, the subframe comprising a plurality of SC-FDMA(single carrier-frequency division multiple access) symbols, wherein the uplink control information is punctured on one SC-FDMA symbol in the subframe, and transmitting simultaneously the uplink control information on the PUCCH and a sounding reference signal on the punctured SC-FDMA symbol. The uplink control information and the sounding reference signal can be simultaneously transmitted without affecting a single carrier characteristic.
|POLAR CAP RESET METHOD FOR DIFFERENTIAL CODEBOOK FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS - Techniques for periodically resetting the polar cap for a differential codebook precoding scheme for wireless communications are described. An apparatus may comprise a fixed device for a mobile broadband communications system utilizing an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access technique, the fixed device having a precoding module operative to generate a precoding matrix using a received first codeword of a first base codebook, subsequently reconstruct the precoding matrix using a received polar-cap codeword of a polar-cap codebook, and periodically reset the precoding matrix to clear accumulated error at the fixed device using a received second codeword of a second base codebook. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
|Concatenating precoder selection for OFDMA-based multi-BS MIMO - A method of concatenating precoder selection is provided for OFDMA-based multi-BS multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). A cell-edge mobile station first determines a precoding matrix indexes (PMIs) for a serving base station and one or more cooperative base stations to optimize system performance. The mobile station then determines a plurality of corresponding weight factors for each of the base stations to further optimize system performance. The mobile station recommends the selected PMIs and weight factors to the serving base station, which shares the PMIs and weight factors with the cooperative base stations. Each base station then applies precoding using the recommended PMIs and weight factors. The weight factors are quantized to reduce computation complexity and to facilitate information feedback. In one embodiment, the weight factors are determined based on a pre-defined 3-bit uniform phase quantization rule. The concatenated precoder leads to large performance gain without introducing high computation complexity.
|SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SC-FDMA TRANSMISSION DIVERSITY - The present application provides methods, devices and transmitters that mitigate increases in peak to average power ratio (PAPR) from transmission diversity in a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) modulated uplink A PAPR preserving precode matrix hopping method that utilizes cyclic shift delays is provided, as well as a sub-band based transmit diversity scheme. The present application also provides methods, devices and transmitters that relax the scheduling restrictions associated with uplink scheduling in the LTE standard.
|MULTI-ACCESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM WITH ADAPTED STRATEGY FOR PACKET RETRANSMISSION - A wireless OFDMA telecommunications system comprising a transmitter adapted to transmit, by means of an OFDM modulator, a plurality of data packets destined for receivers of a plurality of users, via the same plurality of transmission channels, the transmission channel of a user being associated with a group of sub-carriers of the OFDM multiplex and a set of OFDM symbol times of a transmission interval, each receiver being adapted to signal to the transmitter the loss of a packet transmitted over the transmission channel of the corresponding user, said transmitter further comprising a packet scheduler adapted to control retransmission of each packet lost by means of said modulator. Each receiver comprises detection means of an outage situation of the transmission channel of the corresponding user and signals this to said transmitter by means of an outage information (OUTAGE/NOUTAGE). In the event of outage, said scheduler prohibits any retransmission of a packet lost over said channel during a predetermined time (T
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING DATA USING MULTIPLE ANTENNA FOR SINGLE CARRIER FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS SYSTEM - Disclosed is a technique in which multiple antennas are applied to a mobile communication system using a single carrier frequency division multiple access method.
|MIMO TRANSMISSION DEVICE AND MIMO TRANSMISSION METHOD - Provided are a MIMO transmission device and a MIMO transmission method which can improve reception quality of a response signal. A terminal (
|OFDMA communication apparatus - An OFDMA communication apparatus is disclosed that operates under media access control based on an OFDMA standard and modulates transmission data into an OFDMA signal. The OFDMA communication apparatus includes a preamble generating unit that generates plural types of preamble patterns; a broadcast generating unit that generates broadcast data; a burst generating unit that generates a data burst according to the transmission data; a data multiplexing unit that generates multiplexed data by multiplexing the data generated by the preamble generating unit, the broadcast generating unit, and the burst generating unit on a predetermined physical layer format; an OFDM unit that performs orthogonal frequency division multiplexing on the multiplexed data using plural sub carriers; a carrier assigning unit that assigns the preamble patterns to at least four sub carrier groups; and a symbol assigning unit that divides the preamble patterns into plural sub pattern element groups that are time-multiplexed on the predetermined physical layer format.
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DATA TRANSMISSION IN SC-FDMA SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE ANTENNAS - According to an aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for data transmission is provided. The apparatus includes a data processing unit generating a data symbol by performing channel coding and constellation mapping on an information bit, a single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) modulator generating an SC-FDMA symbol by performing discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the data symbol, by mapping the DFT performed-data symbol to subcarriers, and by performing inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) on the subcarrier mapped-DFT performed-data symbol, and a plurality of transmit antennas transmitting the SC-FDMA symbol. A single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system can effectively use frequency switched transmit diversity (FSTD) to reduce a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and to maintain a single-carrier property.
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING OF CHANNEL QUALITY INDICATOR AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SIGNALS IN SC-FDMA COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - A method and apparatus for multiplexing positive or negative acknowledgement signals (ACK or NACK, respectively) and channel quality indication (CQI) signals from a user equipment (UE) to a serving base station (Node B) during a CQI transmission time interval (TTI) in a single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) communication system. The UE does not have simultaneous data transmission. The multiplexing of acknowledgement signals is implicitly achieved by the UE applying different orthogonal covers on the reference signal (RS) symbols transmitted in the CQI TTI, depending on whether the UE sends ACK or NACK. At the Node B receiver, the detection of ACK or NACK is based on the accumulated RS energy, after removing each of the possible orthogonal covers applied at the UE transmitter. For robust system performance, absence of ACK/NACK and NACK are mapped onto the same orthogonal cover.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION (DAC) BITS IN FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS (FDMA) SYSTEM - A method and an apparatus for reducing Digital-to-Analog Conversion (DAC) bits at a transmitter of a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) system reduces a number of the bits for conversion so as to save power and reduce the cost of operation. The method can include generating a digital signal gain control value and an analog signal gain control value using subcarrier allocation information, a required Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), and a Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR); controlling a gain of a signal input to a digital-to-analog converter using the digital signal gain control value; converting a digital signal of the controlled gain to an analog signal using the digital-to-analog converter; and restoring an original signal by controlling a gain of a signal output from the digital-to-analog converter using the analog signal gain control value.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING CONTROL INFORMATION TO RANDOMIZE INTER-CELL INTERFERENCE IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving control information in an SC-FDMA system are provided. Different orthogonal codes are generated for different slots each including a plurality of SC-FDMA symbols in a subframe. A control channel signal is generated by multiplying control symbols carrying control information by a sequence allocated for CDM of the control information. The control channel signal is multiplied by chips of the orthogonal codes on an SC-FDMA symbol basis and transmitted in the SC-FDMA symbols.
|SINGLE CARRIER FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUE - A technique for generating a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) signal is described, in which from a set of M input symbols a set of N output symbols (M
|METHOD OF TRANSMITTING DATA USING SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING - A data transmission method using spatial multiplexing is disclosed. The data transmission method using spatial multiplexing includes modulating at least one codeword to generate at least one modulation symbol, mapping the at least one modulation symbol to a layer whose number is determined according to its rank to generate a layer-mapped symbol stream, performing discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the layer-mapped symbol stream to generate a frequency domain symbol stream, performing precoding on the frequency domain symbol stream, mapping the precoded frequency domain symbol stream to subcarriers, and then performing inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) on the precoded frequency domain symbol stream-mapped subcarriers to generate SC-FDMA symbols; and transmitting the SC-FDMA symbols by using a plurality of transmission antennas. Spatial multiplexing having a low PAPR can be possibly performed in an SC-FDMA system.
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DATA TRANSMISSION USING TRANSMISSION DIVERSITY IN SC-FDMA SYSTEM - Disclosed is a data transmission apparatus for providing transmission diversity in an SC-FDMA (Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access) system. The data transmission apparatus comprises: a data processor, which performs coding and modulation on an information bit to generate a data symbol; an SC-FDMA processor, which changes a weight matrix per change-cycle, precodes the data symbol for each weight matrix being changed and performs SC-FDMA modulation for generating an SC-FDMA symbol; and an RF unit, which transmits the SC-FDMA symbol. With the application of a PVS method to the SC-FDMA system, not only can transmission diversity be provided, but PAPR can also be reduced and single-carrier properties can be maintained.
|RADIO COMMUNICATION DEVICE AND RADIO COMMUNICATION METHOD - It is possible to obtain the diversity effect in a plurality of slots while preventing complication of a scheduler or inefficient use of resources, to eliminate the phenomenon in which SINR significantly decreases in a specific slot, and to avoid deterioration of demodulation performance. In a radio communication system which performs transmission in a sub-frame unit having two slots temporally continuously arranged, when pre-coding is performed by multiplying a signal to be output to a plurality of antennas by a pre-coding weight, CDD is used to shift a phase such that the phase in the pre-coding weight is cyclically changed on the frequency axis. The phase shift amount to be applied by the CDD is set to change by 2π in an allocated resource block (1RB) of the local device, and PVS is applied such that the phase shift amount differs by π between the weight W
|SCHEDULING METHOD OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND APPARATUS ADAPTED THERETO - A scheduling method and an apparatus adapted thereto are disclosed that can allocate sub-carriers to a terminal at the cell edge in a wireless communication. The scheduling method includes, calculating average interference and instantaneous interference of at least two terminals for a sub-carrier, determining whether an interference for the sub-carrier is partial interference, and allocating a corresponding sub-carrier serving as transmission resource to a terminal having a higher ratio of the instantaneous interference compared to the average interference than the other terminal if an interference for the sub-carrier is partial interference.
|MULTIPLE ANTENNA WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATION METHOD AND SYSTEM - A wireless telecommunication system and method including at least two transmit antennae and means for implementing a downlink switched sub-channels diversity scheme during transmission. The method includes splitting a total bandwidth allocated for transmission of a transmitted signal to individual sub-channels or groups of sub-channels; boosting each of the sub-channels or groups of sub-channels; and routing each of the sub-channels or groups of sub-channels to a different transmit antenna.
|PROCESSES INVOLVING NON-COHERENT INTEGRATION IN A RECEIVER - A non-coherent integration period is divided into a plurality of epochs and a frequency space is divided into a plurality of sub-spaces. A result of a first non-coherent integration in a first frequency sub-space over a first epoch is combined with a result of a second non-coherent integration in a second frequency sub-space over a second epoch. A method of non-coherent integration in an environment subject to drift of a time reference, the method including: creating a first putative non-coherent integration value by assuming no-drift of the time reference; creating a second putative non-coherent integration value by assuming drift of a first rate of the time reference; and determining a non-coherent integration value using the first putative non-coherent integration value and the second putative non-coherent integration value. A method including: storing first data associated with non-coherent integration, over only a first epoch, of a signal occupying only a first frequency space; and storing second data associated with non-coherent integration, over only a second epoch, of a signal occupying only a second frequency space, wherein the first epoch precedes the second epoch and the first frequency space is smaller than the second frequency space.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INTERLEAVING DATA IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - An interleaving method to which time-first-mapping is applied in a mobile communication system is provided. The interleaving method includes writing coded bits into an interleaver on a row-by-row basis, and reading the coded bits written in the interleaver on a column-by-column basis, wherein the coded bits are written by groups having a size according to a modulation order
|METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING A SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL IN A LTE TDD SYSTEM - A method for transmitting an uplink Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) by a Long Term Evolution (LTE) User Equipment (UE). The UE receives information indicating an SRS transmission, generates an SRS, and transmits the SRS in two OFDM symbol in a half-frame or frame, if the information indicates that a period of SRS transmission is 2 ms.
|BASE STATION, USER TERMINAL, AND TRANSMISSION CONTROL METHOD FOR SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL - A disclosed base station is used in a radio communication system where sounding reference signals from user terminals are multiplexed using distributed FDMA in which distributed frequency blocks each including frequency subcarriers discretely distributed in a system bandwidth are allocated to the user terminals, and the system bandwidth is repeatedly halved into frequency band segments according to a binary-tree structure. The base station includes a transmission bandwidth determining unit for determining transmission bandwidths to be allocated to the respective user terminals for transmission of the sounding reference signals based on path losses between the user terminals and the base station; a transmission frequency determining unit for allocating the frequency band segments corresponding to the determined transmission bandwidths as transmission frequency bands for the sounding reference signals; and a transmission method reporting unit for reporting the transmission bandwidths and the transmission frequency bands to the respective user terminals.
|ADAPTIVE DC SUB-CARRIER HANDLING IN A RECEIVER - Receiving units will switch between performing a DC bias suppression and not removing the DC distortion at the receiver depending on the amount of DC interference level observed/measured/estimated. Since the overall DC interference is from all uplink transmitters, potentially at different power levels, the amount of DC distortion can be measured based on the difference between the received power level and the expected power level on the DC sub-carrier. Additionally it can be estimated based on the number of active transmitters, their allocation bandwidth, power control target and/or a rough estimate of the DC distortion introduced by each active transmitter and also the distortion introduced by the receiver. Once this distortion level is estimated, a decision is then made whether or not to remove the DC distortion.
|UPLINK TRANSMISSION CONTROL METHOD IN SYSTEM SUPPORTING AN UPLINK MULTIPLE ACCESS TRANSMISSION MODE - Disclosed herein is a method of generating an uplink reference signal in a system supporting a plurality of uplink access schemes. The method includes, at a base station, transmitting reference signal configuration information indicating the configuration of a reference signal to be transmitted in uplink, which is generated according to the plurality of uplink access schemes, to a user equipment which is set to operate in an uplink access scheme corresponding to the information, and receiving a subframe including the reference signal generated based on the reference signal configuration information from the user equipment. The reference signal configuration information includes a cyclic shift value of a sequence of the reference signal.
|WIRELESS COMMUNICATION APPARATUS, MOBILE TERMINAL AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION METHOD - To implement wireless communication also with a communicating apparatus that is a limited band terminal capable of receiving only part of frequencies.
|DIGITAL BROADCAST RETRANSMISSION SYSTEM, DIGITAL BROADCAST RETRANSMISSION METHOD, PACKET CONVERTING APPARATUS, AND FREQUENCY CONVERTING APPARATUS - A digital broadcast retransmission system of the present invention includes: a packet converting apparatus that receives a radio frequency signal broadcasted from a digital broadcasting apparatus, demodulates the radio frequency signal to extract transmission-path-encoded transmission path encoding information from the radio frequency signal, converts the transmission path encoding information into a packet, and transmits the packet to a network; and a frequency converting apparatus that receives the packet from the packet converting apparatus through the network, extracts the transmission path encoding information from the packet, modulates the transmission path encoding information to generate a radio frequency signal, and transmits the radio frequency signal to a digital broadcast receiving apparatus.
|RADIO COMMUNICATION METHOD AND RADIO COMMUNICATION DEVICE - When the SC-FDMA method is used in combination with the multi-antenna transmission technique, a radio transmission method effectively improves the frequency use efficiency by performing appropriate frequency allocation to a plurality of antennas while suppressing degradation of the reception quality caused by interference. In the radio transmission method of the SC-FDMA type, according to the number of terminals simultaneously accessing a base station within a usable frequency band, it is possible to allocate all the transmission signals (transmission stream) to be transmitted by different antennas to different frequency bands or to use the MIMO transmission in combination. Moreover, according to the number of terminals making an access, the number of terminals which perform the MIMO transmission can be varied.
|Technique for SC-FDMA signal generation - A technique for generating a Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access, or SC-FDMA, signal having a transmission bandwidth and comprising a Constant Amplitude Zero-Autocorrelation, or CAZAC, sequence of length N
|FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS SCHEMES FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION - Techniques for transmitting data using single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) multiplexing schemes are described. In one aspect, data is sent on sets of adjacent subbands that are offset from one another to achieve frequency diversity. A terminal may be assigned a set of N adjacent subbands that is offset by less than N (e.g., N/2) subbands from another set of N adjacent subbands assigned to another terminal and would then observe interference on only subbands that overlap. In another aspect, a multi-carrier transmission symbol is generated with multi-carrier SC-FDMA. Multiple waveforms carrying modulation symbols in the time domain on multiple sets of subbands are generated. The multiple waveforms are pre-processed (e.g., cyclically delayed by different amounts) to obtain pre-processed waveforms, which are combined (e.g., added) to obtain a composite waveform. A cyclic prefix is appended to the composite waveform to generate the multi-carrier transmission symbol.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MULTIPLEXING DATA AND CONTROL INFORMATION IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS BASED ON FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS - An apparatus for transmitting data in a frequency division multiple access based communication system is disclosed. The apparatus includes a symbol block generator for generating a symbol block in a predetermined symbol block period within one TTI when control information to be transmitted exists in the TTI, an FFT unit for performing FFT on the symbol block, and an IFFT unit for performing IFFT on signals output from the FFT unit and then transmitting the signals. The symbol block includes the control information and data to be transmitted. The TTI includes multiple symbol block periods.
|METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING DATA IN MULTIPLE ANTENNA SYSTEM - A method of sending data in a multiple antenna system according to an aspect of the present invention includes performing precoding on received symbols based on a second codebook generated from a first codebook for a plurality of transmission antennas and sending the precoded symbols. The second codebook is a codebook for transmission antennas which are a multiple of an integer of the plurality of transmission antennas, and a precoding matrix included in the second codebook is generated by a combination of precoding matrices included in the first codebook.
|AAS DIRECT SIGNALING FRAMING METHODOLOGIES TO SUPPORT HIGH CAPACITY WIRELESS LINKS - A new frame structure applicable to the IEEE 802.16 OFDMA wireless waveform is described, for the purposes of increasing base station capacity, increasing subscriber link rates and extending base station range. The frame structure provides the necessary constructs so that advance signal processing technologies such as Stacked Carrier Spread Spectrum and adaptive antenna technology may be used in combination with these constructs in order to realize these gains. These concepts are equally applicable in other advanced wireless waveforms based on OFDM or OFDMA such as LTE or UMB.
|MOBILE STATION, BASE STATION, AND METHOD OF TRANSMITTING AN UPLINK SCHEDULING REQUEST - A base station determines both a transmission interval between scheduling requests which a mobile station transmits before transmitting uplink data and information about radio resources used for transmitting the scheduling requests, based on the status of the mobile station and/or QoS information transmitted from the mobile station. The mobile station generates the scheduling requests. The mobile station controls the transmission of the scheduling requests based on the transmission interval and the radio resources. The mobile station transmits the scheduling requests. The base station detects correlation based on the scheduling requests which are transmitted from the mobile station based on the transmission interval and the radio resources, and feeds delay information back to the mobile station. The mobile station maintains synchronization based on the delay information transmitted from the base station.
|PEAK-TO-AVERAGE POWER RATIO (PAPR) REDUCTION SCHEME FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION - Techniques for sending a transmission in a manner to reduce peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmission are described. A transmitter may select phases for a plurality of resource blocks based on a metric, e.g., PAPR. The transmitter may apply the selected phases to modulation symbols to be sent on the resource blocks. In one design, the transmitter may select one phase for each resource block and may apply the phase to all modulation symbols to be sent on the resource block. In another design, the transmitter may select multiple phases for multiple spatial layers in each resource block, one phase for each spatial layer. The transmitter may then apply each phase to all modulation symbols to be sent on one spatial layer in one resource block. For both designs, the transmitter may generate at least one OFDM symbol or at least one SC-FDMA symbol based on the modulation symbols after applying the selected phases.
|Spatial Pre-Coding for Transmitting Data Within a Mobile Telecommunication Network - It is described a method for transmitting data within a mobile telecommunication system from a user equipment having at least two transmit antennas to a base station having at least two receive antennas. The method includes (a) providing a number of data streams at the user equipment, wherein the number of data streams is smaller than or equal to the number of transmit antennas, (b) applying a spatial pre-coding to the data streams, and (c) transmitting the spatially pre-coded data streams to the base station via the transmit antennas, wherein the number of transmit antennas used for transmitting the spatially pre-coded data streams is larger than the number of data streams. It is further described a corresponding method for receiving data, a user equipment for carrying out the data transmitting method, a base station for carrying out the data receiving method and a computer program for controlling the described data transmitting and/or receiving method.
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING DATA IN A MULTI-ANTENNA SYSTEM - An apparatus for transmitting data in a multi-antenna system is provided. The apparatus includes: a scrambling unit for performing scrambling on an input codeword; a modulator for arranging the scrambled codeword to a modulation symbol that expresses a position on a signal constellation; a transform precoder for performing discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the modulation symbol to generate a DFT symbol of a frequency domain; a resource element mapper for mapping the DFT symbol to a physical resource element; and a single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) signal generator for generating an SC-FDMA signal of a time domain from the DFT symbol mapped to the resource element, wherein the modulation symbol is selected in the time domain as a plurality of modulation symbol blocks, and the selected modulation symbol blocks are input to the transform precoder after being combined repetitively.
|TECHNIQUES FOR QUICK ACCESS CHANNEL INFORMATION LOADING IN WIRELESS NETWORKS - An embodiment of the present invention provides a method of quick access channel information loading in wireless networks, comprising mapping at least one quick access channel to one distributed resource unit of control tiles, said control tiles being spread across consecutive sub-carriers and consecutive OFDMA symbols, wherein each control tile and a predetermined number of sub carriers are used to send a bandwidth indicator and a predetermined number of sub carriers are used to send a bandwidth request message, and wherein there exist unique orthogonal sequences for the bandwidth indicator and each of the sequences are capable of being selected as a preamble sequence.
|FREQUENCY HOPPING DESIGN FOR SINGLE CARRIER FDMA SYSTEMS - Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate frequency hopping in a single carrier FDMA wireless environment by dynamically altering user offsets with time to obtain interference diversity. A channel tree can be utilized with nodes that are assigned values. User devices can be assigned to such nodes, a path between an assigned node and a root node in the channel tree can be evaluated, and a table lookup can be performed to determine an identity of a subcarrier set to assign to the user device assigned to a given node, as well as a number of subcarriers to be assigned to the user device. Additionally, node values can be dynamically varied during a communication event to alter path values and thus alter subcarrier set assignments.
|BASE STATION, MOBILE STATION AND FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING COMMUNICATION METHOD - Provided is a base station comprising a multiplexer so constituted as to frequency-divide/multiplex a first channel for transmitting first data to be transmitted to a plurality of mobile stations, and a second channel for transmitting second data to be transmitted to one mobile station.
|NARROWBAND TRANSMISSIONS USING A PLURALITY OF ANTENNAS - Embodiments of the present disclosure describe orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmissions using a plurality of antennas and/or transmit chains. Still other embodiments may be described and claimed.
|TRANSMIT DIVERSITY FOR SC-FDMA - Techniques for transmitting data with transmit diversity for single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) are described. In one design, a transmitter (e.g., a UE) may form a first symbol vector including first and second modulation symbol sequences. The transmitter may also form a second symbol vector including third and fourth modulation symbol sequences, which may be generated based on the second and first modulation symbol sequences, respectively. Each symbol vector may further include a cyclic prefix and possibly a cyclic postfix for each modulation symbol sequence. The transmitter may generate a first SC-FDMA symbol based on the first symbol vector and a second SC-FDMA symbol based on the second symbol vector. The transmitter may transmit the first and second SC-FDMA symbols from two transmit antennas in a single SC-FDMA symbol period to achieve transmit diversity.
|FIXED NULL-STEERING BEAMFORMING METHOD - The invention relates to a frequency reuse method in a base station of a Frequency Division Multiplexing Access wireless communication system, the wireless communication system comprising at least the base station adapted for covering a cell, at least one wireless terminal coupled to the base station, the method comprising the steps of: calculating a maximum number of beams per cell by obtaining a number of antennas of the base station; initiating a fixed null-steering beamforming by setting a number of orthogonal fixed beams to a first constant on a portion of the cell, if a traffic of the base station is bigger than a first threshold; obtaining an absolute or an approximate location of the wireless terminal within the cell; scheduling the wireless terminal to fixed null-steering resources, if the absolute or approximate location of the wireless terminal is within the beam zone of the cell; setting the number of orthogonal fixed beams to a second constant of the fixed null-steering beamforming, if the traffic is bigger than a second threshold.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INITIAL RANGING FOR ESTABLISHING A TIME REFERENCE FOR A PREDEFINED SIGNATURE SIGNAL - A method and apparatus is provided for performing initial ranging at a receiver for establishing a time reference for a predefined received signature signal (
|Method and System for Selecting Antennas Adaptively in OFDMA Networks - A method selects antennas in an OFDMA network. A channel state of a downlink is measured using a downlink subframe received in a mobile station from a base station. A channel state of an uplink is measured using an uplink subframe received in the base station from the mobile station. Next, the method compares the channel states to determine whether the downlink and the uplink are reciprocal or not. The mobile station can perform receive antenna selection based on the quality of the downlink channel state. The mobile station can also perform transmit antenna selection when instructed by the base station.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS OF SYSTEM SCHEDULER - Briefly, according to embodiments of the invention, there is provided a wireless communication system and a method to receive by a base station from a first mobile station a first chain of data symbols transmitted by at least two antennas and having a first transmit diversity, to receive from a second mobile station a second chain of data symbols transmitted by at least two antennas and having a second transmit diversity. Both first and second chains of data symbols are transmitted from the first and second mobile stations at the same time, modulated according to an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme and encoded by a space time block codes scheme.
|METHOD OF TRANSMITTING PILOT BITS IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A method of allocating pilot bits in a wireless communication system using a multiple carrier modulation (MCM) is disclosed. The method includes allocating a plurality of precoded data symbols precoded by a precoding matrix module and a plurality of non-precoded pilot bits to a plurality of subcarriers, and transmitting the allocated precoded data symbols and the allocated non-precoded pilot bits.
|RF BUS ACCESS PROTOCOL AND TRANSCEIVER AND METHODS FOR USE THEREWITH - A method includes determining whether information is to be transmitted via a radio frequency (RF) bus that supports direct intra-device communication between at least three circuits in a millimeter wave frequency band. When the information is to be transmitted via the RF bus, the method determines whether the RF bus is available. When the RF bus is available, the information is converted into RF bus signal, access to the RF bus is secured, and after access to the RF bus is secured, the RF bus signal is transmitted via the RF bus.
|Method and apparatus for multiplexing data and control information in wireless communication systems based on frequency division multiple access - An apparatus for transmitting data in a frequency division multiple access based communication system is disclosed. The apparatus includes a symbol block generator for generating a symbol block in a predetermined symbol block period within one TTI when control information to be transmitted exists in the TTI, an FFT unit for performing FFT on the symbol block, and an IFFT unit for performing IFFT on signals output from the FFT unit and then transmitting the signals. The symbol block includes the control information and data to be transmitted. The TTI includes multiple symbol block periods.
|Network-Based Inter-Cell Power Control For Multi-Channel Wireless Networks - A method is described for operating a cellular network, where the cellular network uses a plurality of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) bands for wireless communication from user equipment (UE) to a base station (NodeB). At least one band-specific cell parameter is computed for at least one the plurality of FDM bands by a serving NodeB. The band-specific cell parameters are transmitted from the NodeB serving a first cell to a NodeB serving a second cell. The band-specific cell parameters may be computed in response to scheduling information and/or channel specific measurements made by the NodeB. A UE receives a first Power Configuration, a Second Power Configuration, and a Scheduling Message indicative of an FDM band from the set comprising at least from First FDM band and Second FDM band. UE transmits with the First Power Configuration if the Scheduling Message was indicative of First FDM band, and with the Second Power Configuration otherwise.
|METHOD FOR USING A SHARED FREQUENCY RESOURCE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TERMINALS, TERMINALS AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A terminal (
|System and Method for Frequency Division Multiple Access Communications - A method and system for wireless frequency division multiple access communications in the uplink and/or downlink directions, having an improved pilot insertion scheme for single carrier based communications is provided. A first time duration for transmission of a data payload block (
|TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION OF PROXIMITY DETECTION SIGNAL FOR PEER DISCOVERY - Techniques for performing peer discovery to enable peer-to-peer (P2P) communication are disclosed. In an aspect, a proximity detection signal used for peer discovery may be generated based on one or more physical channels and/or signals used in a wireless network. In one design, a user equipment (UE) may generate a proximity detection signal occupying at least one resource block based on a SC-FDMA modulation technique. In another design, the UE may generate a proximity detection signal occupying at least one resource block based on an OFDMA modulation technique. The UE may generate SC-FDMA symbols or OFDMA symbols in different manners for different physical channels. In yet another design, the UE may generate a proximity detection signal including a primary synchronization signal and a secondary synchronization signal. For all designs, the UE may transmit the proximity detection signal to indicate its presence and to enable other UEs to detect the UE.
|METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING CONTROL SIGNAL - There is provided a method of enabling a user equipment to transmit a control signal to a base station. The method includes allocating a control signal to a control region on a subframe comprising the control region for the control signal and a data region for user data, wherein different frequency bands within the control region are allocated to different user equipments, and transmitting the subframe in uplink direction. A control signal can be robustly transmitted under variance of channel condition.
|RADIO COMMUNICATION DEVICE FOR PERFORMING COMMUNICATION USING THE OFDMA SYSTEM - A radio communication device performing radio communication using OFDMA system includes: a SMI weight deriving unit (
|SIGNAL GENERATION DEVICE AND SIGNAL GENERATION METHOD AND PROGRAM THEREOF IN WIRELESS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM - In a signal generation device in a wires transmission system, a calculation amount is greatly reduced compared with a convention FFT Pre-Processing method which performs oversampling, and peak power is reduced to substantially the same extent as in the convention method. A transmitter
|COMMUNICATION APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATION METHOD - A modulator generates a modulation signal from an input signal. A serial-parallel converter generates a subcarrier modulation signal from the modulation signal. An IFFT unit performs an inverse fast Fourier transformation on the subcarrier modulation signal, generating first data. A decomposer decomposes the first data into real data and imaginary data. An operator performs a predetermined operation using a predetermined threshold value, a boundary value and the real data, generating positive data and negative data. Another operator performs a similar operation on the imaginary data. A generator adds the positive data and negative data based on the real data, and adds the positive data and negative data based on the imaginary data, generating real operation data and imaginary operation data. A synthesizer synthesizes both operation data to generate a baseband signal. A transmitter generates a transmission signal from the baseband signal, and transmits it to another apparatus via an antenna.
|CODEBOOK GENERATION SYSTEM AND ASSOCIATED METHODS - A codebook generation system and associated methods are generally described herein.
Patent applications in class Multiple access (e.g., FDMA)


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nice and easy to stick. improves the appearance of the toilet lid. /// agradable y fácil de mantener. mejora la apariencia de la tapa del inodoro. Low quality of some parts of the form. In the paper I bought were coming unglued bright parts, parts sticker paint very weak and break off easily. //... Read more
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Search Results: 'german navy'
German Tactical Doctrine (FMFRP 12-11)
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Fleet Marine Force Reference Publication (FMFRP) 12-11, German Tactical Doctrine, is published to ensure the retention and dissemination of useful information which is not intended to become doctrine... More > or to be published in Fleet Marine Force manuals. FMFRPs in the 12 Series are a special category; reprints of historical works which are not available elsewhere. This reference publication came about as the result of reports from American officers who attended the German General Staff School from 1935-1939. It describes the doctrinal similarities and differences which enabled the German Armies to achieve success in the early years of World War II, and gives the reader a view of German training and planning.< Less
The German Immigrant
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This is the story of a young country boy growing up in Germany during the rise of Hitler's "Third Reich". Written in his own words, beginning with his early schoolage years and on to the... More > pre-war period. He joins the navy with dreams of " seeing the world" and ends up serving on a U-boot and is sunk in the Atlantic. After being captured he is shipped to Canada as a P.O.W. and spends the last of the war years there. The end of the war brings his return to a shattered homeland leading eventually to his immigration to Canada and the beginning of his new life.< Less
The German Immigrant
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This is the story of a young country boy growing up in Germany during the rise of Hitler's "Third Reich". Written in his own words, beginning with his early schoolage years and on to the... More > pre-war period. He joins the navy with dreams of " seeing the world" and ends up serving on a U-boot and is sunk in the Atlantic. After being captured he is shipped to Canada as a P.O.W. and spends the last of the war years there. The end of the war brings his return to a shattered homeland leading eventually to his immigration to Canada and the beginning of his new life.< Less
Hunting the German shark
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The 'shark killers' of the U. S. fleet The United States of America entered the First World War in April 1917, though its support for the allied war effort had, of course, been immensely influential... More > in terms of the provision of material up to that point. The direct intervention of America in the war, with its vast resources of military personnel and equipment, backed by a huge manufacturing capacity, was inevitably pivotal. This account, part history, part anecdotal and part first hand account, was written shortly before the end of the conflict and describes in some detail the endeavours of the United States Navy during the war at sea in general and, more particularly, how it dealt with the omnipresent menace of the, 'German Shark'-the U Boats of the German Navy. This hidden undersea threat bore directly on America's role in the war.< Less
German Raiders in the Pacific
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Next to U-boats, the surface raiders of the Kriegsmarine were among the most effective naval vessels the Germans loosed upon the oceans during World War II. Few, however, know that some of these... More > "auxiliary cruisers" also served in the Pacific Ocean, even laying mines outside of New Zealand harbors. Original reprint (not a facsimile), 10 photos, 5 illus-trations, 5 maps.< Less
U.S. Navy Towing Manual
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Modern Navy towing, as we perceive it today, began at the beginning of World War II. Prior to WWII, the Navy owned few salvage ships of its own and depended heavily on contracted assets to perform... More > the duties of towing and salvage. Merritt-Chapman and Scott was one of the premier towing and salvage contractors of the day and maintained an inventory of assets. They held a contract with the Navy to perform ship salvage on an asneeded, no cure-no pay basis. As the US watched the war in Europe develop, the need for specialized vessels and a dedicated service became apparent. The Royal Navy of Great Britain was forced into performing these tasks as German U-boats inflicted damage throughout the military and commercial fleet. Performing towing and salvage services on damaged vessels was most often a faster and cheaper way of putting the necessary tonnage back into service.< Less
Room 40 : German Naval Warfare 1914 - 1918, Vol. II
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Volume II of Room 40's Intelligence analysis of the German Fleet in World War I, based on more than 200.000 deciphered messages and other secret service sources. A complete list of the ships and... More > formations of the then second largest Navy in the World : 125 battleships and cruisers, 600 destroyers, torpedoboats and mine-vessels, 1,200 auxiliaries and 65 zeppelins. Detailed descriptions of about 400 German submarines, their construction and training, commanding officers, cruises, events and fate.< Less
V-1 Original German Manuals for the V-1 Buzz Bomb
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The Fieseler Fi-103, also known as the V-1 "buzz bomb", struck terror into British and Dutch civilians during WWII. Powered by a pulse jet engine, it could achieve speeds up to nearly 400... More > mph, and was equipped with an autopilot to ensure stable flight. Between June 1944 and March of 1945, nearly 10,000 were launched towards London. Over 2400 struck the city, resulting in roughly 24,000 casualties. After WWII, the V-1 was tested by the U.S. Navy, and a radio-guided version was built known as the "Loon" missile. The Loon would become the first guided missile launched from a submarine, and thus is often identified as the forerunner of the cruise missile. This book contains reprints of original technical documents related to the V-1, which were preserved on microfilm. Please note, most texts are in German, and due to the nature of microfilm prints, legibility is substandard.< Less
U-9: A Damned Un-English Weapon
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Merriam Press Historical Fiction 1 (2013). Early one morning in September 1914, a new and terrible weapon changed naval warfare forever. On that morning, a single primitive German submarine sank 3... More > British armored cruisers, killing nearly 1500 men. Before that, few people knew submarines even existed. Overnight, terror swept England. At the beginning of WWI, England's Royal Navy had the greatest fleet of warships the world had ever seen. Suddenly, because of one submarine's successful attack, the Royal Navy's supremacy was in question. Savage criticism rained down on the First Lord of the Admiralty, Winston Churchill. People are interested in events that changed the world, but few people know of this incident. It is a story that deserves to be told. With the approach of the centennial of WWI, now is the time to tell this story. Although this book is a work of fiction, it hews closely to historical events.< Less
The Last Battlecruiser
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A Merriam Press Military Fiction Paperback. SMS Goeben Operations in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea 1914-1918. This is the story of the last battlecruiser, the SMS Goeben and its operations in... More > the Mediterranean. The Goeben is considered to be the longest commissioned dreadnought of all time, finally being paid off in the early 1960s. The impact of the Goeben odyssey during the early months of World War I reverberates throughout the world today. Illustrated, appendices. 197 6×9-inch pages, 30 illustrations, 15 tables, 2 charts, 7 maps.< Less
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News, Arts and Leisure
Saturday, November 17, 2012
Arts Center Hosts 'Muse' Opening Reception
The Westport Arts Center tonight held a reception to mark the opening of its latest exhibit, "Muse," featuring muse-inspired paintings, drawings, and sculpture by Chuck Close, Paul Cadmus, Jane Sutherland, Pablo Picasso, and Philis Raskind-Anderson. Curator Helen Klisser During (2nd r.), director of visual arts, thanked (l-r) board member Elizabeth Strick, Sutherland, her husband, Orin Grossman, and Jon Anderson, who was the model and muse for the Cadmus works. (CLICK TO ENLARGE) Contributed photo
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Republicans cast votes for Brandon's alderman at large seat
Published On: May 21 2013 08:23:48 PM CDT
Updated On: May 21 2013 09:33:09 PM CDT
Updated On: May 21 2013 09:33:09 PM CDT
Brandon voters headed back to the polls Tuesday to select between two Republicans seeking the Alderman at Large seat.
James Morris had 928 votes to defeat Roy Nicholson, who had 798 votes.
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PRP forms are created and stored on Madison College's PeopleSoft server. Supervisors and managers may access PRP's that need approval through their PeopleSoft work list. PRP forms may be initiated or located by following the below-listed instructions:
NOTE: Only a single position requisition can be in process for a position at any time. If there is a position requisition in process for the position already (anything other than a status of "Closed"). If there is a current requisition in progress for your intended position, then you should select the "Modify" option.


text:
Evans, Harriet (2008) Conflicted times, conflicted places: an oral history of social change in 'old Beijing'. In: Research Councils UK/Zhongshan University Advanced Summer School in Historical Anthropology, July 2008, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, PRC. (Unpublished)
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|University of Westminster > Social Sciences, Humanities and Languages, School of
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Message to(18 to 21)stop searching for d meaning of life or feeling lonely ...have patience:)wisdom comes with age
imurfriend 26-30, F 10 Answers 5 Mar 25, 2012
It's very difficult for young people to understand life at this age because they cannot see around the corner yet and do not have the advantage of looking around and back through the years. I think it is a very natural question although sometimes the drama attached to it can be a bit dreary. It's not easy being that age and I would never choose it to go back to.
Best Answer
I knew that :/
Best Answer
age comes with age. i have seen some pretty foolish old people, some people never change.
Best Answer
true very true...
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I didnt think so but recent experience has taught me otherwise. Substantial bad news from a doctor id like to stay vague about. The near certainty of me not being able to...Randomguy22 18-21, M 9 Answers 6 Mar 13, 2012


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Sweet mango and crisp, tart apple balance out the spice in this creamy, cooling concoction; add a little mango chutney if your mangoes aren't quite ripe enough. It makes a great sandwich filling on thick slices of multigrain bread.
Maggie Shi
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|3/4 cup plain yogurt
|4 cups cooked chicken, diced
|5 tablespoons curry powder
|2 ripe mangoes, diced
|1 teaspoon salt
|1 Granny Smith apple, diced
In a small bowl, combine the yogurt, curry powder and salt and mix well.
In another bowl, combine the chicken, mango and apple and stir. Add the yogurt mixture and combine well. Taste for seasoning and add more salt if necessary.
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By Jean A. Flanagan
Moorefield Examiner –
When Phoebe Fisher came back to Moorefield, she told her mother she'd give it five years. "I just wasn't sure it would work out," she said.
Phoebe Fisher Heishman will celebrate her 45th anniversary as editor and publisher of the Moorefield Examiner this week. John Lennon said it best, "Life is what happens when you're busy making other plans."
Phoebe was in Morgantown in the spring of 1968. Having spent more than two years in San Francisco, she was given an opportunity she couldn't refuse.
"Guy Stewart, the dean of the Journalism School and Greg Van Camp ganged up on me," she said. "They wanted me to be the writer/researcher for a new public television station they were starting in Morgantown. It was to be the first public television station in the state."
Actually, knowing Phoebe's fascination for history and culture, Gregory Van Camp wanted her to focus on a series of shows that showcased the heritage and folklore of West Virginia. "I got to travel around the state and interview neat people," she said.
In addition, West Virginia University presented Phoebe with the opportunity to get her masters degree in journalism at little cost, "because I was an employee of the university," she said.
"I was very fortunate to be given the opportunity to come back to West Virginia."
In September, tragedy struck. Phoebe's father, Ralph E. Fisher died suddenly. Her mother, Katherine, who had published the Examiner while Ralph was in the Navy, gallantly stepped in again. Phoebe would come home from Morgantown and help out on weekends. Katherine was doing the editorial writing.
"At one point, Mother said she wanted me to think about coming back full time. She said if I didn't want to do it, she would think about selling the newspaper. She was in her mid-60s and just didn't want the stress of doing it anymore.
"I spent a lot of time thinking about it. In August, I made the decision to keep the paper in the family. I was 28 years old and told my mother I would give it five years."
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