text:
apheresisSaltos de línea: apher|esis
Pronunciación: /ɛɪfəˈriːsɪs /
Definición de apheresis en inglés:
sustantivo[mass noun] (plural aphereses /-siːz/)
1 Linguistics Omission of the initial sound of a word, as when he is is pronounced he's.
Example sentences
- In some words initial e has been lost by aphaeresis: squire from esquire, sample from example, state from estate.
- When the indefinite article was being restored to its separate existence, the word 'atomy' was falsely coined from 'anatomy' through aphaeresis, by the removal of the supposed indefinite article.
2 Medicine A technique by which a particular substance or component is removed from the blood, the main volume being returned to the body.
Example sentences
- Another method used for separating out some of the components of blood consists of a technique known as apheresis.
- Removing blood stem cells from your blood during apheresis doesn't hurt.
- Platelets collected by apheresis were counted as single units.
mid 16th century: via late Latin from Greek aphairesis, from aphairein 'take away', from apo 'from' + hairein 'take'.
Definición de apheresis en:
- Inglés de EE.UU. dictionary
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Pronunciación: rɪˈzɪlɪənt
able to recoil or spring back into shape…


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What does NPAC stand for?
What does NPAC mean? This page is about the various possible meanings of the acronym, abbreviation, shorthand or slang term: NPAC.
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Following a decade of no-response to my commentaries, many letters to the editor, appearances at board meetings, position papers and letters directly to all board members requesting replies or meetings, I submit this "protocol" for changes at Wilkes-Barre Area School District.
The need is to address a pathetic chain of events that has resulted in indictments for fraud, bribery, nepotism and cronyism, low student achievement, aging facilities and a mode of management-by-crisis. The school board seemingly has lost any semblance of credibility with parents and the taxpaying community. I challenge anyone to find a school district that produced the outcry prompted by the news media of Luzerne County reporting on the Wilkes Barre Area School District. It is a complete humiliation that affects our most treasured resource, our children.
I want to congratulate Superintendent-elect Bernard Prevuznak, but condolences might be more appropriate. It appears that he was able to get a $19,000 raise. There is no question that working for this board, coupled with the challenges he faces, he will earn every cent.
The elimination of the position of deputy superintendent is a major mistake considering all the issues mentioned above. Bernard, you would have better off accepting your present salary and demanding a deputy. You have a golden opportunity to be an agent of change extraordinaire due to your three-year contract.
My proposed protocol for change:
First and foremost, for this board to achieve any semblance of forward movement, organizing and implementing a plan for regaining credibility needs to be item one. Make an immediate public apology and pledge that behaviors will change.
Considering the depth of the problem(s) it is recommended that an external task force be established. Not an advisory committee, a "task force." A task force is an assembled group of community leaders who are stakeholders trained to accomplish a specific task, to present findings and choices to the elected board for action. Preferably, the task force would be implemented by this sitting board to afford the newly reorganized board in December a foundation from which to move forward.
In any other district outside Luzerne and Lackawanna counties, candidate searches and other employment issues would not be a stand-alone item. Because of the deplorable fact that "it's not what you know but who you know," hiring practices are a stand-alone issue for this district.
Consider nepotism: We are upset that it takes place. Consider bribery: We deplore the practice that has sent school board members to federal penitentiaries. The news media and radio talk shows have reported this issue relentlessly. This single issue has been studied to death by this and previous boards. It is highly recommended that, due to the serious credibility issue here, the board establish a hiring policy that forbids the employment of board member's relatives in the Wilkes-Barre Area School District. Now!
Another serious credibility issue that continues to raise its ugly head is contracts — or the lack of contracts — for services. Misuse of the term "emergency" repairs to bypass bidding requirements is only one problem. Professionals working in the district without written contract is another problem. Certification of teaching and support staff and possible use of "emergency certificates" need to be looked at as well.
Create a report, generated by administrators of school buildings, showing every certification and expiration date for every teacher and support staff worker. Teachers, administrators, support and staff not holding a valid certification should be given timelines to meet certification requirements.
A review of all vendors needs to be conducted to see that all contracts have been board-approved.
Be it the public or private sector, management-by-crisis without a master plan is very costly. In the ideal world, the curriculum goals drive facility needs. When Dallas School Board decided to build a new high school, curricular needs were established and the architects designed the facility to meet those curriculum goals. In the Wilkes-Barre Area School District, the facilities to some extent drive the curriculum. It is no one's fault, the school buildings are old and need updating or need to be removed.
Don't think for one minute that facilities don't impact student achievement. Considering the size of the district, age of the buildings and the number of school buildings, a number of options exist, including consolidation, renovations, new construction or a combination. From the piecemeal studies that have been done internally and by architects, it is apparent that a cost of $100 million is not unrealistic in bringing the district to where it needs to be.
Legislation has established that a vote of the taxpaying public must approve this level of expenditure. As such, three factors will force the much-needed updates to be delayed for years down the road: board credibility, a failing economy and the missing long-range plan that would identify and validate need.
To analyze curriculum wants and needs, to establish the facilities needed to meet the curricular objectives, and to evaluate the present facilities and their adaptability, a massive study that leads to a master plan is in order. A master plan would lay out timelines for completion based on funding available and enrollment projections.
A study of this magnitude will exceed a million dollars; but we can't afford not to do it. We just spent $3 million on a football stadium that might be torn down. We have spent millions upon millions on high schools that might be closed or torn down. The fact is we don't know, and until we approach this in a business-like manner we will never know.
This bleak fiscal picture will change. The reality that school districts need to bring curriculum, equipment and facilities up to date will win out, and the combination of local, state, federal and private funding will surface. But be assured getting that money will be a competitive process, and districts with validated master studies in place will have the advantage.
Fairly new to Pennsylvania, major capital projects must be approved by a vote of the taxpayers. The credibility of the board and master plan identifying needs will be the catalyst to success.
Richard Holodick is a retired school administrator.


text:
The Fan Villa
from £134 /night help
Villa | 2 bedrooms | sleeps 4
|Key Info
Two elegant 1-bedroom apartments—each complete with its own bathroom, living room and kitchen—offer hosting to a maximum of 6 persons.
Several outdoor terraces invite you to dine, unwind and relax while savoring idyllic tropical views. Immerse yourself, for nature's therapies abound just outside your door.
On site friendly and professional staff are available to cater to your needs. Our villa housekeeper will shop for, prepare, cook and serve your personally selected cuisine on a daily basis. Our gardener / house-man is there to assist you on site. He'll also be happy to provide you with fresh produce requests from our farm.
We recently added fro our guest a very nice private jungle bar just beside the villa.
The Fan is situated on the hills of Williamsfield, a convenient 4 kilometres east of Port Antonio.
A few minutes drive from The Fan is Frenchman's Cove Beach, one of the most picturesque beaches in the world bar-none, let alone Jamaica! Closeby is San San beach and world-famous Blue Lagoon. Both are in very close proximity to Winifred and Boston Beaches. Boston is home to authentic Jamaican Jerk dishes, a stop which is a must during your stay! A little further away you'll come to beautiful Long Bay Beach. These turquoise waters are the best place to catch surfer waves.
|Sleeps up to 4, 2 bedrooms
|Nearest beach
|Frenchman's Cove 2 km
|Will consider
|Corporate bookings, House swap, Long term lets (over 1 month), Short breaks (1-4 days)
|Car not necessary
|Nearest travel links
|Nearest airport: Norman Manley - Kingston 110 km
|Family friendly
|Great for children of all ages, Suitable for people with restricted mobility
|Some pets are welcome - please contact the owner, No smoking at this property
Features and Facilities
|DVD player, Staffed property, Sea view
|Air conditioning, TV, CD player, Telephone, Fax machine, Wi-Fi available
|Kettle, Toaster, Iron, Hair dryer
|Clothes dryer, Cooker, Microwave, Fridge, Freezer, Washing machine
|2 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms of which 2 En suites, Solarium or roof terrace
|1 Sofa beds, Double beds (2), Dining seats for 8, Lounge seats for 8
|Linen provided, Towels provided
|Balcony or terrace, Private garden, BBQ
The Portland Parish region
Port Antonio has retained its charm, as a quiet rural township, and is home to one of the most beautiful harbors in the world.
Capital of the parish of Portland - the town was described by the American poet, Ella Wheeler Wilcox, who vacationed here, as "the most exquisite port on earth".
Port Antonio's twin harbors are among the finest in the Caribbean. This is a place where you can truly escape from the stress of daily life. Commercial tourism has not discovered this tiny piece of paradise on earth ... yet.
Port Antonio
Ort Antonio is considered one of the best kept secrets in the Caribbean. Portland offers visitors unparalleled natural beauty, rugged, exciting coastlines, romantic beaches, hidden coves, rivers and waterfalls with the Blue Mountain range providing a spectacular backdrop.
Availability Your dates are available
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13 Jan 2014
"Charming house with a fabulous view"
We travelled with our adult children and the Fan villa was perfect for this as the villa has 2 apartments. All our needs were fulfilled with great breakfast and dinner, which we planned together with… More
Dear Vivien,
Thanks so much for your kinds words.
It was a pleasure meeting you and your family.
Hope to see you soon again.
This advert is created and maintained by the advertiser; we can only publish adverts in good faith as we don't own, manage or inspect any of the properties. We advise you to familiarise yourself with our terms of use.
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text: Interviews Vicente Fox on U.S. Immigration May 28, 2008 Former Mexican President Vicente Fox discusses Mexico's war on drugs, the alarming number of young women in the country whose murders remain unsolved, and why he takes issue with U.S. border fences. Fox also weighs in on the race for the White House. Listen Loading… Download Playlist


text:
An improved method for synthesis of improved silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-37 is provided. The method comprises (1) preparing a two-phase reaction mixture containing particular components and comprising both a liquid organic phase and a liquid aqueous phase; (2) heating the reaction mixture at a rate of from 5° C. to 200° C. per hour to a temperature of from 80° C. to 200° C.; agitating the reaction mixture in a manner sufficient to intimately admix said liquid organic and aqueous phases with each other; (4) once nucleation of the silicoaluminophosphate occurs, heating the agitated reaction mixture at rate of from 5° C. to 200° C. per hour to a temperature of from 100° C. to 300° C.; (5) maintaining the agitated reaction mixture at a temperature of from 100° C. to 300° C. and a pH of from 2 to 9 until crystals of the desired silicoaluminophosphate are formed; and (6) recovering silicoaluminophosphate material from the reaction mixture.
1. A method for synthsizing crystalline material comprising silicon, phosphorus and aluminum and exhibiting a characteristic X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in Table I of the specification which comprises:
(1) providing a reaction mixture comprising water, sources of the said oxide, silicon oxide, and phosphorus oxide, one of the said oxide sources being unstable in the water, an organic directing agent A, wherein said organic directing agent A is a mixture of tetrapropylammonium and tetramethylammonium, inorganic cations M and anions N, and a substantially water-immiscible organic solvent for the said oxide source unstable in the water, the components of said reaction mixture having the following relationship:
(A)a :(M2 O)b :(Al2 O3)c :(SiO2)d (P2 O5)e :(Solvent)f :Ng :(H2 O)h
wherein a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h are numbers satisfying the following relationship:
a/(c+d+e) is less than 4,
b/(c+d+e) is less than 2
d/(c+e) is less than 2,
f/(c+d+e) is from 0.1 to 15,
g/(c+d+e) is less than 2, and
h/(c+d+e) is from 3 to 150,
wherein upon initial provision of said reaction mixture the said oxide source unstable in the water is dispersed or dissolved in the water-immioscible organic solvent;
(2) heating said reaction mixture at a rate of from 5° C. to 200° C. per hour to a temperature of from 80° C. to 200° C.;
(3) agitating said reaction mixture in a manner sufficient to intimately admix the water-immiscible organic solvent and the water with each other thereby progressively hydrolyzing the oxide source unstable in water;
(4) when nucleation of said crystalline material occurs, heating said agitated reaction mixture at a rate of from 5° C. to 200° C. per hour to a temperature of from 100° C. to 300° C.;
(5) maintaining said agitated reaction mixture at a temperature of from 100° C. to 300° C. and a pH of from 2 to 9 until crystals of said crystalline material are formed; and
(6) recovering from said reaction mixture said crystalline material characterized by a composition, in the anhydrous state, as follows:
Av ' :Mx/m m+ :(AlO2)1-y - :(PO2)1-x + :(SiO2)x+y :Ny/n n-
wherein A' represents the total of organic directing agent A plus water-immiscible organic solvent, v is the number of moles of A', m is the valence of cation M, n is the valence of anion N, and x and y are numbers of from greater than -1 to less than +1 which satisfy the relationship:
(1) if x is 0, then y is not 0,
(2) if y is 0, then x is not 0,
(3) the sum of x+y is greater than 0 and less than 1,
said crystalline material having an ion exchange capacity of at least about 0.05 meq/g.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said organic directing agent A is a mixture of tetrapropylammonium and tetramethylammonium having a ratio of tetrapropylammonium to tetramethylammonium of from 10/1 to 80/1.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the sources of A are compounds selected from the group consisting of halides, hydroxide, acetate, sulfate, carboxylate and combinations thereof.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said compounds are tetrapropylammonium hydroxide and tetramethylammonium hydroxide.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the source of silicon oxide is initially present in the water-immiscible organic solvent, and wherein the pH of the agitated reaction mixture is maintained between 6 and 9.
6. The method of claim 1 which comprises the additional step of heating the recovered crystalline material at a temperature of from 300° C. to 1000° C.
7. A reaction mixture for use in synthesis of a crystalline material comprising silicon, phosphorus and aluminum and exhibiting a characteristic X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in Table I of the specification which comprises a water-immiscible organic solvent and water, said reaction mixture comprising components in the relationship:
(A)a :(M2 O)b :(Al2 O3)c :(SiO2)d :(P2 O5)e :(Solvent)f :(anion)g :(H2 O)h
wherein a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h are numbers satisfying the following relationships:
a/(c+d+e) is less than 4,
b/(c+d+e) is less than 2
d/(c+e) is less than 2,
f/(c+d+e) is from 0.1 to 15,
g/(c+d+e) is less than 2, and
h/(c+d+e) is from 3 to 150,
and wherein A is organic directing agent comprised of a mixture of tetrapropylammonium and tetramethylammonium, M is inorganic cation and Solvent is substantially water-immiscible organic solvent.
1. Field of The Invention
This invention relates to a new and improved form of crystalline silicoaluminophosphate designated "SAPO-37", to a new and useful improvement in synthesizing said crystalline material and to use of the crystalline material prepared in accordance herewith as a catalyst for organic compound, e.g. hydrocarbon compound, conversion.
More particularly, this invention relates to an improved method for preparing crystalline SAPO-37 whereby synthesis is facilitated and reproducible and the product exhibits high purity and catalytic utility.
2. Discussion of Prior Art
Conventional silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-37 and its preparation are taught by U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. SAPO-37 has a faujasite-type structure.
An improved reproducible method for preparing an improved crystalline material identified as SAPO-37 exhibiting high purity, catalytic activity and other valuable properties is provided. The method comprises (1) preparing a two-phase reaction mixture containing particular components and comprising both a liquid organic phase and a liquid aqueous phase; (2) heating the reaction mixture under a carefully controlled program at a rate of from 5° C. to 200° C. per hour to a temperature of from 80° C. to 200° C.; (3) agitating the reaction mixture in a manner sufficient to intimately admix said liquid organic and aqueous phases with each other; (4) once nucleation of the silicoaluminophosphate occurs, heating the agitated reaction mixture at rate of from 5° C. to 200° C. per hour to a temperature of from about 100° C. to 300° C.; (5) maintaining the agitated reaction mixture at a temperature of from 100° C. to 300° C. and a pH of from 2 to 9 until crystals of the desired silicoaluminophosphate are formed; and (6) recovering the silicoaluminophosphate material from the reaction mixture.
The essential components of the two-phase reaction mixture include water, sources of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, phosphorus oxide, an organic directing agent A, inorganic cations M and anions N; and a substantially water-immiscible organic solvent. Such components are present in the following relationships:
(A)a :(M2 O)b :(Al2 O3)c :(SiO2)d :(P2 O5)e :(Solvent)f :(anion source)g :(H2 O)h
wherein a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h are numbers satisfying the following relationships:
a/(c+d+e) is less than 4,
b/(c+d+e) is less than 2
d/(c+e) is less than 2,
f/(c+d+e) is from 0.1 to 15,
g/(c+d+e) is less than 2, and
h/(c+d+e) is from 3 to 150.
Upon initial preparation of the reaction mixture, the source of one of the aluminum, silicon or phosphorus oxides is dispersed or dissolved in the organic phase.
The improved method of this invention provides an increase in yield of about 200% over the SAPO-37 preparation method taught in U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871, a factor of nearly 3. It offers a reproducible method for making SAPO-37 with higher cation exchange capacity for identical silicon content and a higher number of total cation exchange sites.
The crystalline material produced by this method is characterized by a composition in which the number of atoms of aluminum and phosphorus is greater than the number of atoms of silicon, i.e. Al+P>Si. As synthesized, the characteristic composition for such material, in the anhydrous state, is as follows:
Av ' :Mx/m m+ :(AlO2)1-y - :(PO2)1-x + :(SiO2)x+y :Ny/n n-
wherein v is moles of A' which is the occluded organic material resulting from organic directing agent A and/or organic solvent used in synthesis of and filling microporous voids of the silicoaluminophosphate, which material may be removed upon calcination; M is an inorganic cation of valence m; N is an anion of valence n; and x and y are numbers of from greater than -1 to less than +1 which satisfy the relationships:
(1) if x is 0, then y is not 0,
(2) if y is 0, then x is not 0,
(3) the sum of x+y is less than 1, but greater than 0, e.g., from 0.02 to 0.99.
In the above composition, when x is greater than y, the silicoaluminophosphate is a cation exchanger with potential use as an acidic catalyst. When x is less than y, the silicoaluminophosphate is an anion exchanger with potential use as a basic catalyst. In any event, the silicoaluminophosphate will exhibit an ion exchange capacity of at least about 0.05 meq/g (higher than that of conventional SAPO-37 with identical framework composition prepared as taught in U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871).
The composition of the silicoaluminophosphate in the anhydrous state with organic material removed, and with M, m, N, n, x and y as above-defined, is as follows:
Mx/m m+ :(AlO2)1-y - :(PO2)1-x + :(SiO2)x+y :Ny/n n-
The synthetic crystalline material prepared by the present method is an effective cationic ion-exchanger and acid catalyst when the Al/P ratio is greater than unity. Such catalyst has an acid strength spectrum differing from that of zeolites, which can be beneficial in some catalytic processes. For Al/P ratios lower than unity, anionic exchange properties prevail and render the material active for base-catalyzed reactions. It also offers a new class of catalyst support and is particularly interesting in this respect because of its high ion-exchange capacity (higher than conventional SAPO-37 with identical framework composition) which should enable the retention of rather high metal loadings. It will show in the latter case the same catalytic flexibility as other supported metal catalysts.
If synthesized with an aluminum/phosphorus atomic ratio of greater than one, the crystalline silicoaluminophosphate will exhibit an aluminum/silicon atomic ratio of greater than 1.5, and usually in the range of from 1.6 to 600. When the aluminum/phosphorus ratio is of less than one, it exhibits a phosphorus/silicon atomic ratio of greater than unity, usually within the range of from 1.2 to 600.
It is well recognized that aluminum phosphates exhibit a phosphorus/aluminum atomic ratio of unity, and no silicon.
Also, the phosphorus-substituted zeolite compositions, sometimes referred to as "aluminosilicophosphate" zeolites, have a silicon/aluminum atomic ratio of usually greater than unity, generally from 0.66 to 8.0, and a phosphorus/aluminum atomic ratio of less than unity, usually from greater than 0 to 1.
The present use of a two-phase synthesis reaction mixture system, exclusive of the solids, enables one to maintain in solution in the organic phase one or more of the reactants which are normally insoluble or unstable in the aqueous phase under the present synthesis conditions. Such a procedure enables the preparation of improved SAPO-37 product when compared to conventional synthesis. The two-phase synthesis method of the present invention also enhances the ability to control the crystallization reaction. In addition to its templating role, the organic directing agent can also act as a surfactant. It can help the codispersion of the organic and aqueous phases containing the reagents.
In the synthesis method of the present invention, the reaction mixture will contain, as noted hereinbefore, sources of silicon oxide, phosphorus oxide and aluminum oxide, directing agent and an organic solvent in the relationship hereinbefore set forth.
The organic directing agent required for this invention is a mixture of two different organic materials. They are a tetrapropylammonium and tetramethylammonium. The ratio of tetrapropylammonium/tetramethylammonium in the mixture will be from 10/1 to 80/1. The compounds providing these materials may be halides, e.g., chloride or iodide, hydroxide, acetate, sulfate, carboxylate, etc. or combinations thereof. Tetrapropylammonium alone directs synthesis of ALPO-5 type structure. Tetramethylammonium alone directs synthesis of sodalite type structure. Together as indicated SAPO-37 is the directed crystal product structure.
The useful sources of aluminum oxide include, as non-limiting examples, any known form of aluminum oxide or hydroxide, organic or inorganic salt or compound.
The useful sources of phosphorus oxide include, as non-limiting examples, any known form of phosphorus acids or phosphorus oxides, phosphates and phosphites, and organic derivatives of phosphorus.
The useful sources of silicon oxide include, as non-limiting examples, any known form of silicic acid or silicon dioxide, alkoxy- or other compounds of silicon.
The organic solvent used to form the two-phase reaction mixture can be any organic liquid which is substantially immiscible with water under the crystallization conditions of the present method. Non-limiting examples of such a solvent include the C5 -C10 alcohols, phenols, and naphthols; and other substantially water-immiscible organic solvents. Polar organic compounds are preferred for the organic phase solvent.
The inorganic cations and anions essentially present in the reaction mixture are generally not provided by separately added components. Rather, these cations and anions will frequently come from compounds added to the reaction mixture to provide the other essential components such as the silicon, alumina and/or phosphorus sources or such as the directing agent or any pH adjustment agents which may be used.
One of the sources of silicon oxide, aluminium oxide or phosphorus oxide must initially be present in the organic phase of the reaction mixture. The aqueous phase will thus comprise the directing agent, cations and anions, pH adjustment agents and those remaining essential components which are not added to the organic phase.
The reaction mixture having the composition hereinbefore described is heated carefully at a rate of from about 5° C. to about 200° C. per hour up to a temperature of from about 80° C. to about 200° C. and maintained within that temperature range until nucleation of SAPO-37 occurs. Then the reaction mixture is heated at a rate of from about 5° C. to about 200° C. per hour to a final temperature of from about 100° C. to about 300° C. until crystals of desired SAPO-37 form, usually from about 5 hours to about 500 hours. The pH of the reaction mixture during crystallization is carefully maintained at from about 2 to about 9. This may be accomplished by adjusting the concentration of the added base(s).
During the heat-up and crystallization steps, the reaction mixture will generally be agitated in a manner sufficient to intimately admix the substantially immiscible organic and aqueous phases. Techniques for dispersing the organic and aqueous phases in each other are well know in the art. It may even be desirable to form an emulsion of the organic and aqueous phases in order to maximize the interface between these liquid phases.
Following crystallization of the desired material, the reaction mixture containing same is filtered and the recovered crystals are washed, for example with water, and then dried, such as by heating at from about 25° C. to about 150° C. at atmospheric pressure.
In a more specific illustration of the present synthesis method, the aqueous phase contains the phosphorus and aluminum reagents, for example phosphoric acid and alumina. The organic phase with hexanol, for example, as solvent contains the silicon source, e.g. tetra-orthoalkylsilicate. The organic directing agent, i.e. a 37/1 mixture of tetrapropylammonium and tetramethylammonium , also acts as a surfactant to emulsify the aqueous and organic phases and optimize the interface. Silicon is progressively supplied during synthesis to the gel by hydrolysis of its organic compound and transfer of the product through the interface into the aqueous phase.
As silicon, aluminum and phosphorus must be available simultaneously to nucleate and crystallize the improved silicoaluminophosphate, the rates of supply of all three elements have to be comparable. This implies that the neutralization reaction, e.g. between H3 PO4 and Al2 O3, and the hydrolysis of the organic silicon compound have to be concerted. Therefore, it may be important to predigest the alumina - phosphoric acid mixture. Even more critical will be the silicon supply rate which is depending on factors such as the magnitude of the interface, temperature, pH of the aqueous phase, concentration, and nature of the organic solvent and of the silicon reagent.
Because the hydrolysis and transfer rates of silicon are controlled by the magnitude of the interface, as discussed earlier, silicon incorporation is expected to be favored as mixing increases.
As mentioned hereinbefore, pH is a critical synthesis variable. As the formation of the silicoaluminophosphate proceeds, pH values of around or above neutral (i.e. about 6 or more, up to a maximum of 9) should be maintained. As the base stability of silicoaluminophopshate is expected to be intermediate between those of aluminum phosphates and zeolites, pH values of about or slightly above 8 are preferred. Because of the major role played by the hydrolysis of the silicon reagent and the necessity to control it in the present method, there is a need to have a nearly constant pH during crystallization (in particular, to avoid rapid acid hydrolysis of the silicon source). This can be achieved by predigestion of alumina in phosphoric acid before addition of the other reagents, which raises the initial pH to 5-7.
To achieve and maintain higher pH values (pH =8 or above), even after partial decomposition of the organic hydroxide, inorganic bases may be added.
The SAPO-37 prepared hereby having silicon, phosphorus and aluminum as crystal lattice framework components is a molecular sieve. It possesses a definite distinguishing crystalline structure which exhibits a characteristic X-ray powder diffraction pattern as detailed in Table 1.
TABLE 1______________________________________Interplanar Relatived-Spacing (A) Intensity______________________________________14.25 ± 0.2 vs8.65 ± 0.1 m7.45 ± 0.1 w5.65 ± 0.05 m-s4.75 ± 0.05 m-s4.35 ± 0.05 m4.20 ± 0.05 w3.90 ± 0.03 w3.77 ± 0.03 s3.46 ± 0.03 w3.30 ± 0.02 m3.02 ± 0.02 w2.91 ± 0.02 w2.85 ± 0.02 m2.76 ± 0.02 w2.63 ± 0.02 w______________________________________
These X-ray diffraction data were collected with a Rigaku X-ray system, using copper K-alpha radiation. The positions of the peaks, expressed in degrees 2 theta, where theta is the Bragg angle, were determined by step-scanning at 0.02 degrees of 2 theta intervals and a counting time of 1 second for each step. The interplanar spaces, d, measured in Angstrom units (A), and the relative intensities of the lines, I/Io, where Io is one-hundredth of the intensity of the strongest line, including substraction of the background, were derived with the use of a profile fitting routine. The relative intensities are given in terms of the symbols vs=very strong (75-100%), s=strong (50-74%), m=medium (25-49%) and w=weak (0-24%). It should be understood that this X-ray diffraction pattern is characteristic of all the species of SAPO-37 compositions synthesized by the present invention. Ion exchange of cations with other ions results in a silicoaluminophosphate which reveals substantially the same X-ray diffraction pattern with some minor shifts in interplanar spacing and variations in relative intensity. Other variations can occur, depending on the silicon/aluminum and phosphorus/aluminum ratios of the particular sample, as well as its degree of thermal treatment.
The improved SAPO-37 synthesized hereby can be used as catalyst in intimate combination with a metal component such as silver, tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum, rhenium, chromium, manganese, or a Group VIII metal such as platinum or palladium where, for example, a hydrogenation-dehydrogenation or oxidation function is to be performed. Such a component can be ion-exchanged into the composition, impregnated therein or intimately physically admixed therewith. Such component can be impregnated into or onto it such as for example, by, in the case of platinum, treating the crystal with a solution containing a platinum metal-containing ion. Thus, suitable platinum compounds include chloroplatinic acid, platinous chloride and various compounds containing the platinum amine complex.
The original ions, i.e. cations or anions, of the as synthesized SAPO-37 can be replaced in accordance with techniques well known in the art, at least in part, by ion exchange with other cations or anions. Preferred replacing cations include metal ions, hydrogen ions, hydrogen precursor, e.g. ammonium, ions and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred cations include hydrogen, rare earth metals and metals of Groups IIA, IIIA, IVA, IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB, VIB and VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
Typical ion exchange technique would be to contact the synthetic crystalline SAPO-37 with a salt of the desired replacing ion or ions. Examples of such salts of cations include the halides, e.g. chlorides, nitrates and sulfates.
The improved SAPO-37 prepared in accordance herewith can be beneficially converted to another form by thermal treatment. This thermal treatment is generally performed by heating one of these forms at a temperature of at least 300° C. for at least 1 minute and generally not longer than 20 hours. While subatmospheric pressure can be employed for the thermal treatment, atmospheric pressure is desired for reasons of convenience. The thermal treatment can be performed at a temperature up to about 1000° C. The thermally treated product is particularly useful in the catalysis of certain hydrocarbon conversion reactions.
Further, the present SAPO-37, when employed either as an adsorbent, ion-exchanger or as a catalyst in an organic compound conversion process should be dehydrated, at least partially. This can be done by heating to a temperature in the range of 200° C. to 600° C. in air or an inert atmosphere, such as nitrogen, etc. and at atmospheric, subatmospheric or superatmospheric pressures for between 30 minutes and 48 hours. Dehydration can also be performed at room temperature merely by placing the crystalline material in a vacuum, but a longer time is required to obtain a sufficient amount of dehydration. Therefore, depending upon the degree of dehydration or thermal treatment desired for the new SAPO-37, it may be subjected to heating at a temperature of from about 200° C. to about 1000° C. for a time of from about 1 minute to about 48 hours.
The crystals of the improved SAPO-37 prepared by the instant invention can be shaped into a wide variety of particle sizes. Generally speaking, the particles can be in the form of a powder, a granule, or a molded product, such as an extrudate having a particle size sufficient to pass through a 2 mesh (Tyler) screen and be retained on a 400 mesh (Tyler) screen. In cases where the composition is molded, such as by extrusion, the crystals can be extruded before drying or partially dried and then extruded.
In the case of many catalysts, it is desired to incorporate the improved SAPO-37 with another material resistant to the temperatures and other condition employed in organic conversion processes. Such materials include active and inactive material and synthetic or naturally occurring zeolites as well as inorganic materials such as clays, silica and/or metal oxides. The later may be either naturally occurring or in the form of gelatinous precipitates or gels including mixtures of silica and metal oxides. Use of a material in conjunction with the new SAPO-37, i.e. combined therewith, which is active, tends to improve the conversion and/or selectivity of the catalyst in certain organic conversion processes. Inactive materials suitably serve as diluents to control the amount of conversion in a given process so that products can be obtained economically and orderly without employing other means for controlling the rate of reaction. These materials may be incorporated into naturally occurring clays, e.g. bentonite and kaolin, to improve the crush strength of the catalyst under commercial operating conditions. Said materials, i.e. clays, oxides, etc., function as binders for the catalyst. It is desirable to provide a catalyst having good crush strength because in commercial use it is desirable to prevent the catalyst from breaking down into powder-like materials. These clay binders have been employed normally only for the purpose of improving the crush strength of the catalyst.
Naturally occurring clays which can be composited with the new crystal include the montmorillonite and kaolin families which include the subbentonites, and the kaolins commonly known as Dixie, McNamee, Georgia and Florida clays or others in which the main mineral contituent is halloysite, kaolinite, dickite, nacrite, or anauxite. Such clays can be used in the raw sate as originally mined or initially subjected to calcination, acid treatment or chemical modification. Binders useful for compositing with the present crystal also include inorganic oxides, notably alumina or silica.
In addition to the foregoing materials, the improved SAPO-37 crystal can be composited with a porous matrix material such as aluminum phosphate, silica-alumina, silica-magnesia, silica-zirconia, silica-thoria, silica-beryllia, silica-titania as well as ternary compositions such as silica-alumina-thoria, silica-alumina-zirconia, silica-alumina-magnesia and silica-magnesia-zirconia. The relative proportions of finely divided crystalline SAPO-37 material and inorganic oxide gel matrix vary widely, with the crystal content ranging from about 1 to about 90 percent by weight and more usually, particularly when the composite is prepared in the form of beads, in the range of about 2 to about 80 weight percent of the composite.
The crystalline material of the present invention is readily convertible to catalytically active material for a variety of organic, e.g. hydrocarbon, compound conversion processes. Such conversion processes include, as non-limiting examples, cracking hydrocarbons with reaction conditions including a temperature of from about 300° C. to about 700° C., a pressure of from about 0.1 atmosphere (bar) to about 30 atmospheres and a weight hourly space velocity of from about 0.1 hr-1 to about 20 hr-1 ; hydrocracking hydrocarbons when the catalyst is associated with an appropriate hydrogenation metal, e.g., noble metal, cobalt, molybdenum, etc. with reaction conditions including a temperature of from about 300° C. to about 450° C., a hydrogen pressure of from about 65 atmospheres to about 200 atmospheres and a weight hourly space velocity of from about 0.5 hr-1 to about 5 hr-1 ; and isomerizing xylene feedstock components with reaction conditions including a temperature of from about 230° C. to about 510° C., a pressure of from about 3 atmospheres to about 35 atmospheres, a weight hourly space velocity of from about 0.1 to about 200 and a hydrogen/hydrocarbon mole ratio of from about 0 (e.g. 0.1) to about 100.
In general, therefore, catalytic conversion conditions over a catalyst comprising the improved SAPO-37 in active form include a temperature of from about 230° C. to about 700° C., a pressure of from about 0.1 atmosphere (bar) to about 200 atmospheres (bar), a weight hourly space velocity of from about 0.1 hr-1 to about 200 hr-1 and a hydrogen/organic, e.g. hydrocarbon, compound of from about 0 to about 100.
The crystalline material of the present invention is also useful for sorptive separation of para- and meta-xylene isomers when the crystal is associated with large cations, such as, for example cesium or alkaline earths, e.g., barium or calcium.
In order to more fully illustrate the nature of the invention and the manner of practicing same, the following examples are presented.
When Alpha Value is examined, it is noted that the Alpha Value is an approximate indication of the catalytic cracking activity of the catalyst compared to a standard catalyst and it gives the relative rate constant (rate of normal hexane conversion per volume of catalyst per unit time). It is based on the activity of the highly active silica-alumina cracking catalyst taken as an Alpha of 1 (Rate Constant=0.016 sec-1). In the case of zeolite HZSM-5, only 174 ppm of tetrahedrally coordinated Al2 O3 are required to provide an Alpha Value of 1. The Alpha Test is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,3543,078 and in The Journal of Catalysis, Vol. IV, pp. 522-529 (August 1965), each incorporated herein by reference as to that description.
When ion-exchange capacity is examined, it is determined by titrating with a solution of sulfamic acid the gaseous ammonia evolved during the temperature programmed decomposition of the ammonium-form of the crystalline material. The method is described in Thermochimica Acta, Vol. III, pp. 113-124, 1971 by G.T. Kerr and A.W. Chester, herein incorporated by reference as to that description.
In this example, SAPO-37 was prepared as in Example 43 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871.
A reaction mixture was prepared by stirring 30.5 g water, 27.7 g H3 PO4 (85%), and 16.6 g Al2 O3 (Catapal from Conoco) until homogeneous. To this mixture was added a dispersion of 3.1 g silica (HiSil) in 116 g TPAOH 40% (tetrapropylammonium hydroxide) and 1.1 g TMAOHx5H2 O (solid tetramethylammonium hydroxide). This reaction mixture contained from 1.3 to 1.5 grams of available silicon. The reaction mixture was stirred until homogeneous and placed into a 300 ml stainless steel autoclave and heated to 200° C. for 24 hours with moderate stirring. The pH of the mixture was 8.5. The solid product was filtered, washed with water and dried. The yield of as-synthesized material was 9.7 g. The product had an X-ray diffraction pattern typical of materials having the faujasite type structure as shown in Table II. The product was submitted for chemical analysis and the results gave the following composition in weight %:
Silicon: 5.07 wt %
Aluminum: 15.13 wt %
Phosphorus: 13.31 wt %
TABLE II______________________________________d-space 2xtheta I/Io______________________________________14.336 6.160 1008.771 10.077 287.479 11.824 97.159 12.354 35.687 15.569 734.769 18.595 604.379 20.264 264.186 21.207 63.915 22.691 213.777 23.537 663.467 25.675 103.308 26.928 453.222 27.665 33.024 29.510 112.917 30.622 152.858 31.268 302.768 32.320 72.639 33.941 122.595 34.535 4______________________________________
The synthesis of Example 1 was repeated and yielded 9.5 g of a solid dry product with an X-ray diffraction pattern identical to the one of the Example 1 product. The composition of the product was:
Silicon: 3.60 wt %
Aluminum: 17.27 wt %
Phosphorus: 12.46 wt %
Fractions of the products of Examples 1 and 2 were examined under a light microscope (Nikon, total enlargement 400 x). The crystals in either batch were octahedra with fully developed crystal faces or intergrowths of cubic crystals. Their size was 2 to 10 microns.
A fraction of the solid product of Example 1 was calcined as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871, Example 43, and exchanged in a solution of 1 M NH4 Cl. The product of this exchange was heated in helium in a TGA furnace to 1000° C. and the evolved NH3 was titrated. The amount of titrant needed was 0.29 meq/g of ash.
In this example, improved SAPO-37 was prepared by the present invention.
A two-phase reaction mixture was prepared comprising an aqueous and an organic phase. The organic phase was immiscible with the aqueous phase. In order to make this Example comparable to Examples 1 and 2 above, the molar concentrations of the main constituents (Si, Al, P, and the directing agents) were kept constant. Hence, an aqueous phase containing 30.5 g water, 27.7 g H3 PO4 (85%), and 16.6 g Al2 O3 (Catapal from Conoco) was prepared and stirred until homogeneous. As directing agent a mixture of 116 g TPAOH (40 wt % in water) and 1.1 g TMAOHx5H2 O (solid crystals) were added to this mixture and dissolved. The mixture was digested for 1 hour at 80° C. An organic phase was prepared by mixing 60 g 1-hexanol and 10.7 g Si(OC2 H5)4. The two phase reaction mixture had from 1.4 to 1.5 grams of available silicon. The two phases were added together in a beaker and stirred; then the reaction mixture was transferred into a 300 ml steel autoclave. The mixture was heated at a rate of 50° C. per hour to 130° C. with stirring (800 rpm) for 24 hours and then kept at 200° C. for 24 hours. The pH was maintained at 9.0. The solid product was filtered, washed with water and dried. The yield of as-synthesized material was 23 g. The product had an X-ray diffraction pattern typical of materials having the faujasite type structure as shown in Table III. Occasional small amounts of impurities were found in the product (marked with an asterisk in the Table). The product was submitted for chemical analysis and the results gave the following composition in weight %:
Silicon: 4.38 wt %
Aluminum: 17.95 wt %
Phosphorus: 11.53 wt %
TABLE III______________________________________d-space 2xtheta I/Io______________________________________14.345 6.156 10011.981 7.372* 108.767 10.081 327.479 11.824 87.149 12.371 45.981 14.799* 45.683 15.580 724.846 18.291* 84.766 18.602 644.520 19.625* 94.376 20.279 284.239 20.941* 74.186 21.208 53.987 22.282* 83.913 22.704 183.775 23.550 623.463 25.704 123.307 26.940 463.225 27.630 43.021 29.541 82.915 30.641 162.856 31.289 312.767 32.330 82.637 33.974 102.596 34.517 2______________________________________
The synthesis of Example 5 was repeated and yielded 25 g of a solid dry product with an X-ray diffraction pattern identical to the one of the Example 5 product. The composition of this product was:
Silicon: 3.74 wt %
Aluminum: 17.04 wt %
Phosphorus: 14.00 wt %
Fractions of the solid products of Examples 5 and 6 were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. The crystals were small (below 0.5 microns) and agglomerated. The small crystal size can be related to the broadened X-ray diffraction lines obtained from the products.
A fraction of the solid product of Example 5 was treated by heating it to 450° C. in nitrogen and keeping it at that temperature for 4 hours, then exchanging it in a solution of 1 M NH4 Cl. A fraction of the product of this exchange was heated in helium in a TGA furnace to 1000° C. and the evolved NH3 was titrated. The amount of titrant needed was 1.02 meq/g of ash.
A fraction of the exchanged product of Example 8 was tested in the Alpha Test. The Alpha Value was found to be 1.0.
The synthesis of Example 5 was again repeated, except that the temperature was raised to 200° C. directly at 50° C./hour and kept there for 48 hours. The crystalline product had the diffraction pattern of material having the ALPO-5 structure type (U.S. Pat. No. 4,310,440) ,and being indistinguishable from SAPO-5 (U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871).
The above examples illustrate the improvement of the present invention. The following tabulation clarifies the comparison. Cation exchange sites as a measure of titrant needed in TGA is indicated.
TABLE IV__________________________________________________________________________Synthesis Reaction ProductMixture Silicon Silicon Yield of Product TitrantExamplesAvailable, g Product Wt. % SAPO-37, g Silicon, g Needed__________________________________________________________________________1,4 1.3-1.5 SAPO-37 5.07 9.7 0.49 0.29 meq/gram2 1.3-1.5 SAPO-37 3.60 9.5 0.34 --5,8 1.4-1.5 Improved SAPO-37 4.38 23.0 1.01 1.02 meq/gram6 1.4-1.5 Improved SAPO-37 3.74 25.0 0.94 --__________________________________________________________________________
When the present method is not followed, such as when the temperature increasing step is not followed, SAPO-37 is not obtained, as illustrated in Example 10.
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298 of 307 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars Seems well-built and functional with very few annoyances.
I bought myself this grill for Christmas when nobody else got it for me, and now I've had it almost three months and have used it quite a few times. I bought it based on the Amazon recommendations, and the recommendation of FoodTV host Alton Brown in his book, GEAR FOR THE KITCHEN. Also, in perusing the internet, I found the "Blue's BBQ" web site from Australia. One...
Published on March 28, 2005 by John H. Henderson
169 of 176 people found the following review helpful
3.0 out of 5 stars An honest review (UPDATE)
I am one that loves to grill, but doesn't know anything about grills themselves, really. Due to monetary situations I had to grill on the cheapest possible grill... The green Sunbeam camper grill. I'm sure you know what grill I'm talkin' about. For over 6 years it has been my grill of choice (hey it was only $10!) and has treated me well. Over these...
Published on April 12, 2005 by Steven
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298 of 307 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars Seems well-built and functional with very few annoyances.,
John H. Henderson (Rockledge, FL) - See all my reviews
Verified Purchase(What's this?)
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
I bought myself this grill for Christmas when nobody else got it for me, and now I've had it almost three months and have used it quite a few times. I bought it based on the Amazon recommendations, and the recommendation of FoodTV host Alton Brown in his book, GEAR FOR THE KITCHEN. Also, in perusing the internet, I found the "Blue's BBQ" web site from Australia. One reader asks, "How did the Weber become the icon for the Australian BBQ?" Blue had to disappoint the reader by informing her that the Weber is actually American. But if it has that kind of reputation in Australia, is must be good.
Judging from the reviews here, I'll have to wait 20 years to see how it holds up. It does live on my back porch, but with the Weber cover.
It is fairly easy to assemble, and in my humble engineering opinion, seems well-made and designed with few exceptions. The Silver model has an ash catch-pan hung between the legs. The pan sits on top of spring clips clipped to the leg. After how well everything else went together, this seemed really cheesy to me. If you're a prefectionist, you'll go nuts trying to level the pan.
I guess that the "one touch cleaning" feature is the vanes on the bottom that also act to adjust the temperature in the grill by adjusting the airflow. If you swish them back and forth, opened and closed, it'll push some ash through the vent in the bottom. The problem is that the vanes themselves are wide and flat, and half of the ash just rides back and forth on them. I think Weber overstates this "one touch cleaning" feature.
The vanes closely fit the bottom shape of the grill when assembled, but after a couple of uses, one warped. I don't know if this is from heat, or something I lodged under it. I had to disassemble the vanes, and bend the offending blade a bit, and it's been perfect since.
I am a bit disappointed in some of the accessories, like the tool rack and little side table. They hang on the edge of the grill, and compromise the otherwise pretty good seal between the lid and grill. They also sell a lid rack, but note that the lid does comes with a hook in it so you can hang it on the edge of the grill, although it is certainly not as easy as using the optional rack.
Based on recommendations here, I got the 22" (larger) model. I can't disagree with that. Unless you just don't have the extra 4" of storage space or REALLY need a good grill, but just don't have the money, get the bigger one. It doesn't use that much more charcoal.
The other thing I scratched my head over was whether to get the Silver or Gold model. The differences were not completely clear to me until I actually got the grill. First, the Gold model adds a catch can that fits closely to the bottom of the grill instead of the pan I complained about. That would be nice. Maybe when you're grilling, hot specks of charcoal won't fall out the bottom and burn your legs, and if you grill somewhere where you don't want a lot of ash, this might be worthwhile. But the Gold is almost twice the price of the Silver, and I had a hard time justifying the additional cost.
The other feature added by the Gold is a grate with folding sides to allow you to add more charcoal when doing a long roast. A handy feature for sure, if you're cooking includes that, but I found those replacement Weber grates locally for twelve dollars, so wouldn't pay for the Gold model to get them.
And I guess that's another advantage of the Webers in general: They're so popular, replacement parts are easily found locally.
Sometimes, I long for the built-in side table of the Platinum, but that's a lot of money.
The grill came with a small cookbook that has proved useful. I don't know getting burgers and steaks done right has been such a hit or miss, trial and error, proposition that most people make it out to be. You look up in the little book, "Beef, 1-1/2 in thick, well-done (I know, Alton Brown wouldn't like me), 10 minutes first side, 9 minutes second side" and they come out perfectly.
DEFINITELY pick up a Weber charcoal chimney if you don't have one yet. It's the best way by far to start the grill - no kabooms, no fumes, no smell, no dangerous fluids stored in your house, and a good use for Florida Today newspaper. If you want to try something different, pick up the book AMERICAN PIE by Peter Reinhert and try the grilled pizza.
169 of 176 people found the following review helpful
3.0 out of 5 stars An honest review (UPDATE),
Steven (Colorado, USA) - See all my reviews
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
I am one that loves to grill, but doesn't know anything about grills themselves, really. Due to monetary situations I had to grill on the cheapest possible grill... The green Sunbeam camper grill. I'm sure you know what grill I'm talkin' about. For over 6 years it has been my grill of choice (hey it was only $10!) and has treated me well. Over these years I always dreamed about owning a "real" charcoal grill. I wanted the American icon, I wanted the Weber One-Touch. I heard all about how durable and well built it was, how it will last for 10 years+ and how it's just a step above the rest. After actually purchasing this grill I have a bit of buyers remorse. You see, before actually buying this I was looking at a grill from Char-Broil. It had the ash catching pan like the One-Touch gold, it had space to put plates and such (sorta like the One-Touch Platinum) and it had grates with adjustable height, not to mention all of this came at a price just $5 higher then the One-Touch Silver! Anyways, for the last 2 years I wanted nothing more then the Weber so I got it. Once I started puting it together I realized that this grill just doesn't seem to have $80 worth of craftsmanship. The legs are super-flimsy hollow aluminum pipes, very cheap. The itsy bitsy tabs that hold the bottom grate are slightly uneven so my bottom grate is a bit wobbly (also it's possible for the bottom grate to fall because the tabs are pretty small). A wobbly bottom grate probably doesn't make a lick of difference when it comes to grilling, it's just that it wasn't right, it's just one of those little annoying quirks. I guess I expected everything to be heavy duty. I expected solid metal legs and such. You can find an identical grill from Char-Broil for less then half the cost! I hear that Weber is a step above because they are built to last... well my cheap $10 Sunbeam is 6+ years old and I've never had any problems with it, it's all about how you take care of it. Personally, I think for the $80 price tag of the One-Touch silver, you should at least get the hinged cooking grate, but you don't.
There are good things however. First, it's just nice to have the American icon. There is a certain feeling that comes with grillin' on the good ol' Weber kettle. There are a TON of accessories made for it and replacement parts are extremely easy to find. The one-touch system is pretty handy (although hardly one-touch).
Overall I am still happy with the purchase, I love looking at that grill. It's probably gonna grown on me more and more as years pass by. Based on price I decided to get the Silver version, but the Gold might be worth looking at. Afterall you get a much better ash-pan (I modified my silver to be just as good though... just a little creativity should do the trick) and you get the hinged grate with the gold (although you can just buy this grate for $15-$20 and stick it on your Silver if you wanna)
Choose... but choose wisely.
Okay, now it's been over a year since I posted my original review. This really is a great grill, I wish I could bump the stars up to 4, but I can't... Amazon wont let me. Some of the minor quams I said previously still apply, but this baby cooks a mean dish! I have abused mine for a year and it runs like brand new.
What really made me do this update was when I grilled on a buddy's kettle. It wasn't a weber kettle and it shows. After a year of using this I got to know this grill really well, I got used to such high quality materials. This grill really is above and beyond most other kettle style grills.
I do wish I would have purchased the gold though. The ash pan that comes with the silver is not much use if you're grilling in any sort of wind.
139 of 147 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars "Best of" isn't "Best Ever",
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
Why four stars? Because "best of", which Weber is, is not the same as "Best ever" - which Weber used to be.
First of all, this really is the grill to get. For starters, it's charcoal. Propane grills are for girlie grillers who want to play at having a patio kitchen. Yes, I said it. It's true, so just deal with it. Second of all, it's Weber, and Weber does one thing better than the others - air control. It's simply built tighter. Third of all, this grill is the right size. Think you'll save money on the 18.5" grill? Think again. You were asleep during math class. I know, if you drop an 18.5 inch grate on top of a 22.5 inch grate, there's only a couple of inches difference around the edges. But if you'll dust off your geometry books you'll find a significant difference in the cooking area. The 18.5" gives you 268 square inches - the 22.5" gives you 397 square inches of grill space. Much better bang for your buck.
And fourth? The box doesn't say "Made in China". That still matters to some people.
What could Weber do to get five stars out of me? Fix the legs. They are, and always have been cheap and cheesy. From the kettle up, the Weber feels like quality. From the kettle down, it's a whole different story. The method of "attaching" the legs is ridiculous. You have to shove the legs past a "crimp" point in the kettle sockets.
Even assuming that's going to secure the legs, the different expansion rates of aluminum and steel, combined with the thin material of the legs virtually guarantees that joint will loosen up after enough heat/cool cycles even if you never move your grill. And I do move mine. I may get surprised by an un-forcasted shower and want to take the grill from the patio to the carport. Moving a grill full of hot coals and food as it wobbles over every little bump isn't confidence inspiring. And since we're talking about the legs, put the extra wires back. These grills used to have more wires in the bottom of the leg triangle. It helped stiffen the assembly, and acted as a handy shelf. And while they're at it, they could put the other handle back. The kettle base used to have two handles. Weber, like too many other manufacturers cut corners there, too, on the later models. That extra handle is handy if you need to drag the grill up, or down a few stair steps.
Weber could also fix the handle grips. They used to be teak. Then they went to a cheaper wood, stained to look like teak. Then they went to the plastic handles, which just don't have the thermal properties of wood. They also need to either bring back the heavier steel (pick up an old kettle and you'll see what I mean) or fix their spot welds. I've heard several reports of the spot welds breaking - but never on the older models.
So I have to knock a star off. I actually knocked two stars off, but I had to give one back because it's still a better product than their competition. It just makes me sad that when you set a new Weber next to an old one, all the changes aren't improvements - they're just cost-cutting.
Things you'll want:
1) Hardwood chunk charcoal. Most of the "ash" from briquettes isn't ash - it's a clay filler. Why should I pay money for filler that adds nothing but bulk, weight and mess? Hardwood charcoal burns better, hotter and has an easier cleanup. But keep a bag of briquettes handy anyway. Their uniform size and weight makes them ideal for throwing at varmints, four-legged and two-legged, that come sniffing around your grill while you're cooking.
2) Wood chunks. I don't care what kind, as long as it's hardwood. Not chips. Chunks that you can put at the edge of your charcoal and let smoke.
3) The Weber Chimney charcoal starter. Why Weber? Pick up any other charcoal chimney then pick up the Weber. I think you'll figure out why the Weber steel is better than the beer-can-thin steel on some of the others. It'll let you throw out that nasty, smelly bottle of charcoal lighter fluid.
4) Welders Gloves. I've seen some downright stupid so-called BBQ mitts. Ignore them. Just go to your welding supply and grab a pair - get two pair - they're cheap and you'll find yourself using them in the kitchen instead of those pink floral mittens.
5) The flip-side cooking grate. I don't know why Weber even bothers with the solid grate. It can't possibly cost more than an extra buck to manufacture the flip-side grate, and that's another reason I can only give four stars. The flip grate makes coal management a pleasure instead of a disaster waiting to happen. Buy it. It's worth every penny.
6) 16" cook's tongs. Yes, I know there's all kinds of cool grill tongs out there. I have a collection of them. And you won't see any of them in a professional kitchen. Ever. Try the cook's tongs. They're cheaper at any kitchen supply and they just work better. And you definitely want the long ones.
7) Another charcoal grate. Flip it upside down on top of the current charcoal grate so that the bars are spaced halfway between each other. If you just use one grate with hardwood charcoal, you'll find lots of small pieces can slip down through the single grate, wasting charcoal. By doubling up the grates, you still get great air flow, but the charcoal-eating gaps are much smaller.
8) 42-gallon, 3-mil contractor-grade trash bags. No, they're not for your first few grilling efforts. They make dandy Weber kettle covers, and you can't beat the price.
9) Consider some iron. Cast iron, that is. Cast iron and coals go together like, well, cast iron and coals - they were made for each other. My favorites are my Lodge 20" griddle, (which is another reason to get the 22.5" Weber), and a deep 10" skillet. Those two pieces will dramatically increase your grilling repertoire. Suddenly you'll be able to do breakfast hash, scramble eggs, veggie dishes - the sky's the limit.
Would I put my increasingly hard-earned cash down for one today? Absolutely. My Webers crank out consistently great food. They've seen us, and the neighbors through three hurricanes - when the power went out, fridges started warming and freezers started thawing - so it was a case of cook it, or lose it. Many steaks were eaten from my Webers in the days after Hurricane Charley.
Get one. You don't even have to have a natural disaster to enjoy tasty meals from your Weber.
121 of 133 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars New plastic handles,
Ken Roberts (Waynesboro, Mississippi) - See all my reviews
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
I have used Weber kettle grills for over 10 years with very reliable service. I recently purchased one of the new Silver Series grills. They changed the handles from wood to plastic, and I find the plastic handles to heat up to the point where you cannot use them without a glove or towel. This was not a problem with the wooden handles.
69 of 75 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars A non-biased review of the OTS 22.5,
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
I've owned a number of under $100 grills, and there's no comparison to the quality of my new Silver 22.5" One Touch. I certainly could afford the Gold but in truth, the Silver is a better grill for far less money. As always I read all the reviews, good and bad, and then make up my mind. I chose the Silver and honestly, the few criticisms I read here were not justified once I actually bought and used this fine grill.
Plastic Handles: the main objection seems to be the plastic is hotter than the wood. First of all, you shouldn't be removing the hood without gloves anyway. No one talks about how the wood handles weathered, split, rotted and broke. The plastic won't and is cleanable.
Aluminum Legs: seem flimsy to some, who also complain they are hard to assemble. A few even complain about "just three legs". Unless you set out to destroy the grill during assembly or hammer them in (in contradiction of the instructions), they will go on easily. Mounting them requires a simple push into the well-designed socket. A three-legged base is MUCH more stable than any four legged grill. The leg mounts are permanently mounted and won't ever loosen. Aluminum won't ever rust. The design is competent and strong.
Ash Catcher and One Touch cleaning system: a universal complaint is that ashes can blow off the aluminum plate. One commenter complained about the sliding spring supports. Most of those who selected the Gold version decided to spend almost twice as much money for the Gold's ash catching system. While true that a good wind can blow ashes off the plate, it is beyond simple to merely put an empty coffee can or small metal pail on the pan and voila! No blowing ashes. Furthermore the Silver's one touch system and vents are reputed to deliver a more even and reliable airflow. A strong side wind will affect the Gold more than the Silver. The sliding spring supports are easy, completely adjustable, tight and reliable. As far as the Silver's system "not removing" all the ashes, I'd point out that this is true of the Gold as well. With the Silver when you clear ashes you can see that the three vents are clear - with the Gold you're just hoping. Same goes for setting the opening - you can see it with the Silver, not with the Gold.
To spend almost twice as much for the Gold for less effective venting, and for blind vent setting, simply to replace a coffee can, is hard to justify.
Plastic Wheels and Lower Wire Shelf: These are criticised for being "cheap and flimsy". They are not. The triangular design is strong and stable by design, as opposed to four legged designs that absolutely will wobble. The shelf is capable, made of well painted steel. Plastic wheels are the norm for all grills in this general price range, and unless you plan to tow the grill behind your truck, they'll do just fine. Relax.
Cooking Grate: Some complain it's too thin. Actually it's thicker than most of the cheaper kettle types. And when it finally does wear out after a couple years, you'll buy the hinged one anyway. The grate supplied still has openings on both sides to add coals and smoking chips.
Assembly: most common complaint was "wobbly - legs fall out, wheels fall off". Operator errors here. The axle is strong, and mounting the wheels requires a few good whacks with a hammer to make sure the retainers are fully seated and straight. It's easy. Same with the legs - when you insert them you come to a "stop", but you must keep pushing past the "stop" until the legs reach the bottom of the mount. Fail to do so and you'll get "wobbly", etc. Assembling this grill is pure simplicity, but not childproof.
Bottom Line...
Unless you like spending money, I can see no reason to pay nearly double for the Gold version. The Silver is a better grill, with more reliable airflow, visible ash clearing and vent adjustment. It's cooking grate is competent, with two openings to add coals, but if can't wait and just have to have a hinged one, they are only about $14. The windproof coffee can ash catcher is free.
In sum I find the Weber Silver is, by far, the best deal for charcoal cooking. It is efficient, well-designed, easy to assemble, stable and strong. It grills both direct and indirect, and does so efficiently. This grill has also been used effectively for low and slow smoking - done properly will maintain temperatures well and with minimal cost in charcoal.
Unless you need more acreage I find the 22.5" is just perfect for a family of four.
50 of 57 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Perfect backyard grill,
Tom B. (Barnesville, PA United States) - See all my reviews
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
I love this grill. This is one of my four weber kettle grills I own.
Assembly is a snap. The only tool you'll need is a hammer to tap the wheel lugs on. In 15 minutes you can be lighting your coal.
The beauty of this grill is the kettle design which maximizes heat retention and allows the grill to act like an oven with the top on. I've cooked whole chickens, cabbage, bread, and pizza using this method. The top also has a hook on it so you can hang it from the side of the grill while you add sauce or tend to what you're cooking.
For best results at indirect cooking, use the hinged 22 1/2 inch grate. That way you can add coals throughout the cooking process without the danger of having to totally remove the cooking grate.
13 of 13 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars You'll never BBQ with Gas again !,
Elizabeth V. Brennan (Tampa, Florida) - See all my reviews
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
I purchased the Weber One Touch Silver 22.5" at Amazon for $84.99. It took me about 15 mins to build the grill. My Mom told me to pick out ANY BBQ grill and she would buy it for me (fathers day gift). I looked at 10+ charcoal grills and I picked out this one (she thought I was crazy) !! I could have purchased a $500 deluxe charcoal or gas grill - but this was the one for me. My purchase was based on so much positive feedback for this grill - it really does make your food mouthwatering! My first BBQ was perfect!! I cooked 1" Beef Steaks (marinated with Weber steak seasoning) :)
The steaks came out perfect - really the best steak I've ever had in my whole life !!! Since I saved so much money, I did purchase some Weber accessories :)
Here's what I bought:
* Weber Silver One Touch $84.99 (Amazon)
* Weber Chimney $12.99 (Home Depot)
* Weber Tool Holder $3.99 (Target)
* Weber Salt Pepper Shakers $5.99 (Target)
* Weber Grill Cover - $6.99 (Target)
* Weber Hinged Cooking Grate - $16.99 (Target)
* Weber Seasoning $3.99 (Publix)
And here is my steak recipe ...
Place checkered board cuts (1/2 inch apart) on both sides of the steak with a sharp knife but not too deep (you still want the steak in 1 piece). This will allow it to easily absorb the marinade :)
1.Rinse the steak under water.
2.Place it on a plate.
3.Season both sides with Weber seasoning (and salt/pepper).
4.Place steak in a 1 gallon zip lock bag.
5.Pour olive oil on both sides of the steak.
6.Pour white vinegar 2 oz. in the bag.
7.Pour water 4 oz. in the bag.
8.Marinate for 1 - 2 hrs.
9.For Medium rare - Cook for 8 mins on the weber ; turnover the steak at 4 mins.
Weber is #1 :-)
TIP: Place a piece of aluminum foil over the Ash catcher prior to BBQ'g. After your done it's an easy cleanup of the ashes, simply foldup the aluminum foil and discard :) Then load another one on the ash catcher next time your BBQ. This keeps your Ash Catcher clean and in perfect condition.
16 of 17 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars One Great Grill, one great price.,
W. Ford (Royston, GA USA) - See all my reviews
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
I own the Weber One Touch Silver grill. It is the best I've ever owned. I have used several grills, but always wanted to try a Weber. I found the low price of the silver to be a good price for an introduction to the Weber line. I like the new plastic handles, and haven't had the problem with them heating-up. I saw another review where it was reported as a problem. My handles, even with a large fire at high temps, stay very cool to touch. This includes the handle on the side for rolling the grill. The only correction to the editor review I would make is the silver doesn't have an ash pan that you remove to dump the ashes. That is on the Weber Gold I think.
26 of 30 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Weber, The Only One!,
Robert A. Spain (Suffolk, Virginia United States) - See all my reviews
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
I bought my first 221/2" Charcoal Weber Grill in 1975 and was given my third weber last Father's Day. My original weber, 28 years old, is still being used at my river cottage and my second weber is my overflow and backup grill at my home. Weber grills are the most durable outdoor product I have ever owned. I am not a very maintenance minded person, to say the least, and I have always kept my grills uncovered and outdoors. My webers have survived in spite of my neglect and the climate of the Lower Chesapeake Bay.
Weber's longlife is only overshadowed by its ability to cook. When it comes to cooking nothing can match the results produced by a weber, from a whole turkey to a pound t-bone, its all excellent. When you buy a weber you should also consider these accessories: 1. Charcoal side racks, used for indirect cooking; 2. Weber Cook Book, great recipes and if you do what it says, the results are outstanding; 3. Weber's Chimney style charcoal starter, one sheet of newspaper and in ten to twenty minutes you have white hot coals without using that dangerous and smelly charcoal lighter fluid. So remember charcoal is for real men and gas is for sissys and ain't nothing going to bet a WEBER.
12 of 12 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Best grill going,
This review is from: Weber 741001 Silver One-Touch 22-1/2-Inch Kettle Grill, Black (Lawn & Patio)
This is the best grill you can buy; easy to use, easy to clean and cooks with more charcoal flavor that any other charcoal grill I've used. I use mine for anything from French Toast, pizza, fruit, to turkey. And you can get smoke pellets and add a great smoke flavor too. Most versatile grill I ever owned.
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For a limited time, enjoy the Register's sports columnists' latest columns for free:
Touring the sports world, here and there …
• The published story noted that Jerry Coleman, Hall of Fame broadcaster and a World Series MVP with the Yankees, "interrupted his pro career to fly as a Marine Corps pilot in World War II and Korea." It was quite an interruption: 177 combat missions, two Distinguished Flying Crosses and 13 Air Medals.
• That Foo Fighters lyric, "there goes my hero," resides in the brain while writing about Lt. Col. Coleman.
• It is probably more widely known that Ted Williams also was a Marine Corps aviator, and the Splendid Splinter was a fine one, too. But Williams flew combat missions only in Korea.
• Ken Gurnick, a world-class baseball writer at MLB.com who first got noticed at the late-great Los Angeles Herald-Examiner, included only pitcher Jack Morris on his Hall of Fame ballot and wrote "(a)s for those who played during the period of PED (performance-enhancing drugs) use, I won't vote for any of them." Gurnick announced Tuesday that he no longer will vote in Hall of Fame selections, which means every voter will have Derek Jeter on their ballot when the time comes.
• Pete Rose will be elected to the Hall of Fame. It will happen when he is dead. We are a lot better at honoring people when they are gone than when they are around and can actually enjoy it.
• Two important Chargers players to monitor as the game at Denver approaches: center Nick Hardwick, the team's best offensive lineman (rookie tackle DJ Fluker is catching up) and suddenly-a-star running back Ryan Mathews. Hardwick aggravated a neck stinger he has had for two months and missed the last few series Sunday. Mathews aggravated an ankle injury and Ronnie Brown, with fresh legs, took over and was very productive.
• The combined score of the two regular-season Chargers-Broncos games: 48-47, in favor of Denver.
• Deadspin is a fun website, but, like those kids sitting around the little table in the AT&T commercials, can't be taken seriously. Deadspin's projection of the 2013 Chargers included, "They have a rapidly-aging QB who is one season away from the Carson Palmer tier of washed-up journeymen" and "one of the absolute worst rosters in the NFL." Philip Rivers is going to the Pro Bowl, and the Chargers just won a playoff road game.
• Peyton Manning and Brett Favre share this NFL record – most playoff losses by a starting quarterback, with 11 apiece. Manning's postseason record is 9-11.
• Everybody got excited by wild-card round results and "team of destiny" stuff for those who emerged victorious. The best team in the NFL still is the Seattle Seahawks.
• The fee for a 30-second time slot for a Super Bowl TV advertisement is $4 million, up from last year's $3.8 million.
• The Rose Bowl is good enough and big enough for the BCS championship game, the Rose Bowl and top-draw concerts. But it's not good enough for the Super Bowl because it does not have suites for people who don't know about the Super Bowl teams and don't care about the Super Bowl teams.
• Yes, Brent Musburger introduced the BCS championship telecast this way: "Good evening and welcome, everybody, I'm Kirk Herbstreit along with Brent Musburger."
• Musburger has had a couple of awkward moments on BCS title game telecasts, like the excessive gushing over Alabama quarterback AJ McCarron's girlfriend last year. But he did a smooth job Monday night, making a very difficult job look easy. Musburger is 74 years old, and sounds as good as he did 30 years ago.
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SYRACUSE, N.Y. – For the first time since Syracuse University announced it had fired associate head basketball coach Bernie Fine, head coach Jim Boeheim is speaking publicly.
Boeheim was on ESPN Radio Tuesday afternoon for his weekly appearance on "Upon Further Review." Hosts Steve infanti and Chris McManus started off the interview by making it clear that Boeheim was not going to directly address the Fine situation, but he did comment on the state of the team.
"The players have no distractions. The players are not a part of anything they don't know anything about it. Stuff that happened a long time ago. They are focused on being a good basketball team and being good players and that's what they're focus should be. They're doing their work in school and they're coming to practice and they're working on it and they're not talking about anything, they're not doing anything except playing basketball and that's the way it should be and that's where the focus will be," said Boeheim.
Sunday, Boeheim did release a statement backing the University's decision to part ways with Fine. He also apologized for comments he previously made calling the accusers liars.
Amid calls for Boeheim's resignation, Syracuse University Chancellor Nancy Cantor has spoken out in support of the coach. YNN was the only TV channel on hand in Albany as Cantor exited an economic development conference. It was the first time the Chancellor has appeared on camera since the Bernie Fine situation hit the headlines nearly two weeks ago.
"Coach Boeheim is our coach. He's getting the team ready tonight and we're very pleased with what he said Sunday night and we stand by it," Cantor said.
We will carry Jim Boeheim's post-game press conference live, so be sure to tune into YNN after the game. Coverage begins just after 9 p.m.
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Refined by:Original Format: Film, Video Remove Original Format: Film, Video Remove Location: United States Remove Subject: Presidents Remove Sites and Collection: Prosperity and Thrift: The Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy, 1921 to 1929 Remove
Visitin' 'round at Coolidge Corners /
Copyright: reg. unknown. Probable producer, distributor, and distribution date from phone call to W. Jenney at the Calvin Coolidge State Historic Site, 8/25/97. Duration: 2:19 (part 1) and 3:50 (part 2) at 22 fps. Shows scenes of Calvin Coolidge at his summer home in Plymouth, Vermont, including Coolidge helping out on the neighboring farm of cousin Ed Blanchard; in the "summer White House" above ...
- Original Format: Film, Video
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Tuesday's poll asked reader's whether younger female workers had a higher social consciousness than their elder co-workers.
- 30% said absolutely -- they tend to incorporate social concerns in their daily lives.
- 39% said I haven't seen a notable increase in the social consciousness of younger workers.
- 31% said no -- in my experiences younger workers actually care less about social concerns.
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Narantungalag Jadambaa hails from Mongolia and is the reigning ONE FC Featherweight World Champion. Check out this feature of the first Mongolian MMA champion. watch video >>
Adonis Stevenson vs Dmitry Sukhotsky
Colisee de Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
WBC World Light Heavyweight Title
December 19, 2014 watch video >>
ONE Fighting Championship (ONE FC) opens its multi-city world tour of 2015 with a blockbuster event in Jakarta, Indonesia. The internationally acclaimed mixed martial arts (MMA) spectacle has blitzed across Asia and the world in the last 3 years, garnering a 90% market share and emerging as the largest media property in Asian history. On 14 February, ONE FC will once again thrill thousands of Indonesian fans at the iconic Istora Senayan with an adrenaline-pumping line up of fights featuring MMA legends and hometown heroes. Indonesian MMA icon Fransino "The Pitbull" Tirta will lead the contingent of local fighters with a co-main event showdown against American MMA legend Jens "Lil Evil" Pulver. Get your tickets and be there to support Tirta in his quest for dominance in the ONE FC Bantamweight division. Be prepared to experience a night of non-stop world class MMA action as the world's best fighters clash in the middle of the ONE FC cage. Tickets at http://kiostix.com. watch video >>
http://www.evolve-mma.com The "I AM A WARRIOR" Series captures the essence of what it means to be a warrior in life. It does not matter where you start in life. It does not matter where you are right now. You always have the power to conquer your circumstances and achieve the life of your dreams. Muay Thai World Champion Muangfalek Kiatvichian from the Evolve Fight Team came from extreme poverty, used the power of martial arts to rise above his circumstances, and eventually became a 2x Muay Thai World Champion. The biggest break in his life came when Muangfalek was invited to join Evolve MMA in 2011 as one of our Muay Thai instructors. Today, he is living the life of his dreams, shares his greatest passion in life with his students, earns a great living by any standard, and is a member of the legendary Evolve Fight Team. Above all, he now has the ability to provide a good life for his family back home in Thailand. watch video >>
World Series of Fighting 16 Weigh-in watch video >>
Woman Crush Wednesday - The XFC X-Girls Xtreme Fighting Championships (XFC) - The Next Generation of MMA Televised Worldwide | www.XFCMMA.com Follow us daily on Facebook, Twitter, G+, Instagram, Pinterest, & more! watch video >>
Regional MMA highlights from all over the world on Inside MMA! AXS TV is Your Home for MMA every Friday Night! Find AXS TV HERE: http://bit.ly/WtTUDr watch video >>
UFC 181 will have the eyes of the world watching, with a double main event on December 6th in Las Vegas. In the first main event, the UFC lightweight title will be on the line as Anthony "Showtime" Pettis defends his belt for the first time against his coaching rival on The Ultimate Fighter, former Strikeforce champion Gilbert "El Nino" Melendez. Then, UFC welterweight champion Johny "Bigg Rigg" Hendricks and veteran knockout artist "Ruthless" Robbie Lawler meet in a rematch of their epic five-round title bout at UFC 171 that is guaranteed to produce fireworks. watch video >>
http://Kountermove.com Today: how Invicta FC took over the world and you can too! FOLLOW ME ON TWITTER: http://twitter.com/tommytoehold LIKE ME ON FACEBOOK: http://facebook.com/tommytoehold T-SHIRTS: http://TTTHS.com VISIT MY FRIENDS FOR THE BEST IN MMA!!! Coalition Fight Music: http://coalitionfightmusic.com The MMA Movement: http://themmamovement.com MMA Sentinel: http://www.mmasentinel.com/ MMA Badass: http://mmabadass.com Spilled Bag of Ice: http://spilledbagofice.com Fight Chix Apparel: http://fightchix.com UKMMA Updates: http://facebook.com/MixedMartialArtsUK Tap. Nap. Snap: http://www.tapnapsnap.com iJudgeFights: http://ijudgefights.com Racheal Blaze: http://twitter.com/RachealBlaze MMA Tycoon: http://bit.ly/15mDYZg Balkowitsch Enterprises: http://balkowitsch.com/ SUBSCRIBE!!! RATE!!!! COMMENT!!! DISCLAIMER: Before you freak out because I made fun of your favorite fighter (or I made fun of you), please note: I LOVE MMA, and I mean no disrespect to anyone who is involved in watch video >>
http://iconicitv.com Iconici MMA Host Laura Kelley caught up with World Series Of Fighting Lightweight Champion Justin Gaethje at Grudge Training Center. Jus... watch video >>
How do some of the toughest ladies on the planet find motivation? The cast shares who has meant the most in their careers. Some of their answers may surprise you. watch video >>
Bibiano Fernandes tells the story of his inspiring journey from poverty to becoming a WORLD CHAMPION. Watch him defend his title LIVE tomorrow in Manila. PPV available at http://onefc.com/livestream. watch video >>
BJJ VS MUAY THAI In a classic grappler vs striker match-up, Muay Thai Champion James Mcsweeney and 10x BJJ World Champion Roger Gracie will clash in the middle of the ONE FC cage tomorrow night. HOW WILL THIS FIGHT END? Find out live at Mall of Asia Arena tomorrow evening. Just a few tickets left at http://goo.gl/kKLn2y. watch video >>
Tecia Torres tries to make the most of her second chance in the tournament when she faces Carla Esparza in the third quarterfinal. Then, Rose Namajunas takes on Joanne Calderwood for the last spot in the semifinals. watch video >>


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