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Olefin polymerization catalyst components having improved activity and morphological properties are disclosed and claimed. In particular, the components are prepared by reacting a carbonized magnesium alkoxide or aryloxide component with a halogenated tetravalent titanium component, a halohydrocarbon component and an electron donor.
1. A solid magnesium halide/titanium halide catalyst component containing no carbonate magnesium compound useful for the polymerization of alphaolefins which has been obtained by
(a) heating a carbonated magnesium compound of the formula MgR'R"xCO2 wherein R' is an alkoxide or aryloxide group, R" is an alkoxide group, aryloxide group or halogen, and x has a value between about 0.1 and 2.0 to a temperature above 100� C. for a period of time sufficient to cause complete loss of CO2 ;
(b) contacting the resulting product with a halide of tetravalent titantium in the presence of a halohydrocarbon and an electron donor;
(c) contacting the resulting halogenated product with a tetravalent titanium halide;
(d) washing the resulting product to remove unreacted titanium compounds; and
(e) recovering the solid product.
2. The solid component of claim 1 wherein said carbonated magnesium compound is prepared by bubbling essentially anhydrous CO2 through a dispersion of MgR'R" in an alcohol.
3. The solid component of claim 1 wherein said carbonated magnesium compound is in the form of essentially spherical particles such that at least 90% by weight of the particles have diameters between about 10 and about 40 microns.
4. The solid component of claim 3 wherein said essentially spherical particles are obtained by spray drying a solution of said carbonated magnesium compound.
5. The solid component of claim 1 wherein said essentially spherical particles are obtained by impregnating an inert particulate support with a solution of said carbonated magnesium compound and removing the solvent.
6. The solid component of claim 1 wherein R' and R" are both ethoxide groups.
7. The solid component of claim 2 wherein R' and R" are both ethoxide groups and the alcohol is ethanol.
8. The solid component of claim 6 wherein said tetravalent titanium halide is TiCl4 and said halohydrocarbon is a chlorohydrocarbon.
9. The solid component of claim 6 wherein said electron donor is an ester or diester of an aromatic carboxylic acid.
10. An olefinic polymerization catalyst composition comprising an organoaluminum compound, a selectivity control agent, and the solid catalyst component of claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of aluminum to titanium is about 30:1 to about 100:1.
11. The composition of claim 10 wherein said organoaluminum compound is a trialkylaluminum and said selectivity control agent is selected from the group consisting of esters and diesters of aromatic carboxylic acids and silicon compounds of the general formula Rn 1 Si(OR2)4-n, where n is between zero and three, R1 is a hydrocarbon group or a halogen atom and R2 is a hydrocarbon group.
12. The composition of claim 11 wherein said trialkylaluminum is triethyl aluminum.
13. The composition of claim 11 wherein said selectivity control agent is selected from ethyl benzoate and diisobutyl phthalate.
14. The composition of claim 11 wherein said selectivity control agent is selected from diphenyl dimethoxy silane and phenethyltrimethoxy silane.
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 835,079, filed Feb. 28, 1986, and now abandoned.
This invention relates to a process for preparing solid olefin polymerization catalyst components having improved activity and morphological properties, the component being prepared from a carbonated magnesium alkoxide or aryloxide.
Numerous proposals are known from the prior art to provide olefin polymerization catalysts by combining a solid component comprising at least magnesium, titanium and chlorine with an activating organoaluminum compound. These may be referred to as supported coordination catalysts or catalyst systems. The activity and stereospecific performance of such compositions is generally improved by incorporating an electron donor (Lewis base) in the solid component and by employing as a third catalyst component an electron donor which may be complexed in whole or in part with the activating organoaluminum compound.
For convenience of reference, the solid titanium-containing constituent of such catalysts is referred to herein as "procatalyst", the organoaluminum compound, whether used separately or partially or totally complexed with an electron donor, as "cocatalyst", and the electron donor compound, whether used separately or partially or totally complexed with the organoaluminum compound, as "selectivity control agent" (SCA).
Supported coordination catalyst of this type are disclosed in numerous patents. The catalyst systems of this type which have been disclosed in the prior art generally are able to produce olefin polymers in high yield and, in the case of catalysts for polymerization of propylene or higher alpha-olefins, with high selectivity to stereoregular polymer. However, further improvements in productivity at high stereoregularity are still being sought.
The objective of workers in this art is to provide catalyst systems which exhibit sufficiently high activity to permit the production of polyolefins in such high yield as to obviate the necessity of extracting residual catalyst components in a deashing step. In the case of propylene and higher olefins, an equally important objective is to provide catalyst systems of sufficiently high selectivity toward isotactic or otherwise stereoregular products to obviate the necessity of extracting atactic polymer components.
Although many chemical combinations provide active catalyst systems, practical considerations have led the workers in the art to concentrate on certain preferred components. The procatalysts typically comprise magnesium chloride, titanium chloride, generally in tetravalent form, and as electron donor an aromatic ester such as ethyl benzoate or ethyl-p-toluate. The cocatalyst typically is an aluminum trialkyl such as aluminum triethyl or aluminum tri-isobutyl, often used at least partially complexed with selectivity control agent. The selectivity control agent typically is an aromatic ester such as ethyl-paramethoxybenzoate(ethyl anisate) or methyl-p-toluate.
While the selection of cocatalyst and selectivity control agent affects the performance of those catalyst systems, the component which appears to be subject to most significant improvement with respect to activity and productivity of the system is the procatalyst.
Preferred methods of preparing such procatalysts are claimed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,329,253; 4,393,182; 4,400,302; and 4,414,132. These procatalysts are highly active and stereospecific. The typical manner of preparing such procatalysts involves the reaction of the magnesium compound, titanium tetrachloride and electron donor in the presence of a halohydrocarbon. The resulting solid particles are then contacted with additional quantities of TiCl4 and are completed by washing off excess TiCl4 using light hydrocarbons (e.g., isooctane and isopentane) and drying.
The procatalysts described above have excellent polymerization activity (polymer yield) and stereospecific performance (isotactic content). However, for some applications the polymer morphology is not ideal. In olefin polymerization, polymer morphology is known to be a replica of catalyst morphology. Still further, the procatalyst morphology also depends upon the morphology of the starting magnesium compound. Accordingly, if one desires to have optimal catalyst morphology (e.g. spherical particles), then it is desirable to employ starting magnesium compounds of the same morphology.
A number of different approaches to improved morphology are suggested in the patent literature. One approach, disclosed in GB No. 2,101,610, involves reacting a solid particular material with an organic magnesium compound, treating the supported magnesium composition with oxygen, carbon dioxide or a hydroxyl compound, reacting the treated product with a carbonyl compound and simultaneously or subsequently reacting with a transition metal compound. Another approach, disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,465,783, involves the spray drying of a transition metal composition, or a support for a transition metal compound, suspended in a liquid medium. Still another method is disclosed in DE No. 2,839,188, where solid magnesium dialkoxide particles are dispersed into a suitable liquid phase, followed by spray-drying. However, the process of the U.S. Pat. No. 2,839,188 is not attractive as the dispersed solid particles will tend to clog the fine orifices of the spray-drying equipment and will foul the pumping and metering systems. In U.S. Pat. No. 4,540,679, use is made of a magnesium hydrocarbyl carbonate support. In the U.S. Pat. No. 4,540,679, a suspension of magnesium alcoholate with carbon dioxide is reacted with a transition metal component to precipitate a "magnesium hydrocarbyl carbonate" support. The patentees use a number of techniques, including prepolymerization and the use of triethyl aluminum (TEA) to remove ethanol, to improve productivity. However, these techniques are not desirable--e.g., prepolymerization is an additional step and the addition of TEA adds ash to the polymer product.
A new approach has now been found, that permits the preparation of procatalyst particles having not only excellent productivity and selectivity, but also prossessing excellent morphology.
The present invention relates to an improved solid catalyst component for the polymerization of alpha-olefins. In particular, the present invention relates to a solid magnesium halide/titanium halide catalyst component useful for the polymerization of alphaolefins which has been obtained by
(a) contacting a carbonated magnesium compound of the formula MgR'R".xCO2 wherein R' is an alkoxide or aryloxide group, R" is an alkoxide group, aryloxide group or halogen, and x has a value between about 0.1 and 2.0 with a halide of tetravalent titanium in the presence of a halohydrocarbon and an electron donor;
(b) contacting the resulting halogenated product with a tetravalent titanium halide;
(c) washing the resulting product to remove unreacted titanium compounds; and
(d) recovering the solid product.
As shown in the examples which follow propylene polymers produced with the catalyst system of the present invention have an extremely low level of fines (e.g., very little polymer smaller than 250 microns in diameter). Accordingly, this catalyst can be very useful in gas phase processes where fines are deleterious to the process. Further, it is possible with the subject catalyst to produce polymer having a uniformly optimized particle size, i.e. a relatively narrow particle size distribution. Such polymers may also have a higher bulk density (above about 0.38 g/cc) and a ratio of short diameter (sd) to long diameter (ld) between about 0.7 to 1.0.
The catalyst of the present invention differs from the catalysts of U.S. Pat. No. 4,540,679, in that the "support" in the present invention is a magnesium halide while the "support" in the U.S. Pat. No. 4,540,679 is ostensibly a magnesium hydrocarbyl carbonate. Further, in the present invention the CO2 is used only as a means of solubilizing the magnesium alcoholate for controlling catalyst morphology, and in fact, the CO2 is evolved during the catalyst preparation (digestion) or even before contact with the titanium halide.
It is also possible with the present invention to prepare catalyst particles having varying appearances from raisin-like to spherical. Such raisin-like catalyst particles would have a high surface area and are preferred in the production of high ethylene content (above four percent) ethylene/propylene random copolymers and in-situ impact copolymers without the fouling problems normally associated with the production of such polymers. The high surface area, more porous catalyst allows the producer to support more of the sticky polymer within the catalyst matrix.
The key aspect of the present invention involves the use of a carbonated magnesium compound of the formula MgR'R".xCO2 wherein R' is an alkoxide or aryloxide group, R" is an alkoxide group, aryloxide group or halogen and x has a value between about 0.1 and 2.0. While an excess of CO2 (above 2.0 per Mg) may be used, only one CO2 equivalent will undergo a Lewis acid base reaction with each equivalent of the particular Mg component (e.g. Mg dialkoxide).
Carbonated magnesium ethylate having the molecular formula C4 H10 O2 Mg.xCO2 where x is 1.2 up to 1.3 is available from Dynamit Nobel. Such material is actually a mixture of two compounds. When X=1, the structural formula is thought to be ##STR1## When x=2, the structural formula is thought to be ##STR2## The average molecular weight is about 170 and the typical analysis shows about 14.3-14.6% Mg.
In general, the carbonated magnesium compounds are prepared by contacting essentially anhydrous carbon dioxide with a dispersion of the (MgR'R") in a suitable diluent. By the term essentially anhydrous carbon dioxide, is meant carbon dioxide which is at least 99.5% pure carbon dioxide and is denoted "commercial" grade up to and including pure carbon dioxide. It is preferred that the carbon dioxide be 99.8% or more pure CO2. Oxygen and nitrogen impurities are only important if they cause flammability problems. Water is a problem and must be avoided.
Typically, the CO2 is bubbled through the dispersion of magnesium compound and diluent. Since the reaction is exothermic, one may continue bubbling the CO2 until the exotherm has ended. During this process the mixture warms and the solid compound dissolves. By the end of the addition a turbid, viscous solution forms. One can also use "dry ice" as the source of CO2.
The diluent or solvent employed is any material in which the carbonated magnesium compound is soluble at desired conditions. Preferred diluents are alcohols. However, other polar solvents such as acetone or dimethyl formamide (DMF) may also be used, as well as mixed solvents. Preferably, the alcohol group (R'--OH) employed is the same as the alkoxide or aryloxide group Mg--(OR)2 --, i.e., R and R' are the same. For example, if magnesium ethoxide is used, then it is preferred that the diluent be ethanol. This choice reduces problems with transesterification and other problems in the metathesis reaction. Since the most preferred magnesium compound is magnesium diethoxide, the most preferred diluent is ethanol.
The relative amounts of magnesium compound and diluent depends upon the particular components used, the conditions employed (e.g. temperature) and the desired concentration. Typically, the concentration of magnesium compound is between about 2 and about 40 percent solids, as determined by current spray drying techniques. The temperatures employes here are typically between about 0� C. and about 80� C., and the mixture (solution) is continuously stirred during the CO2 bubbling. See generally U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,529,715 and 4,530,915 for a disucssion of CO2 bubbling techniques.
Examples of halogen containing magnesium compounds that can be used as starting materials for the reaction are alkoxy and aryloxy magnesium halides, such as isobutoxy magnesium chloride, ethoxy magnesium chloride, ethoxy magnesium bromide, phenoxy magnesium iodide, cumyloxy magnesium bromide and naphthenoxy magnesium chloride.
Preferred magnesium compounds are selected from magnesium dialkoxides and magnesium diaryloxides. In such compounds the alkoxide groups suitable have from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and preferably from 2 to 8 carbon atoms. Examples of these preferred groups of compounds are magnesium di-isopropoxide, magnesium diethoxide, magnesium dibutoxide, magnesium diphenoxide, magnesium dinaphthenoxide and ethoxy magnesium isobutoxide. Magnesium diethoxide is particularly preferred.
Another key aspect of the present invention involves taking the solution of the carbonated magnesium compound and converting it into solid particles of a uniformly optimized shape having the desired morphology and particle size. There are two general ways to accomplish this. One way involves spray drying and the other involves impregnation of an inert particulate material.
The spray-drying used herein may be effected using conventional spray-drying techniques. Thus, the mixture is passed through a suitable atomizer which creates a spray or dispersion of droplets of the mixture, a stream of a hot gas is arranged to contact the droplets and cause evaporation of the liquid medium and the solid product which separates is collected. Suitable atomizers for producing the droplets of the suspension include nozzle atomizers and spinning disk atomizers.
Atomization typically takes place in the absence of water and oxygen.
The temperature at which the spray-drying is effected controls, in part, the shape of the resulting particles. Typical temperatures are 40� to 120� C., preferably about 50� to 90� C. for ethanol-based solutions. Preparation of spherical particles depends upon solids content of the solution and operating (spray drying) temperature. At constant solids, too hot a temperature will result in hollow splintered particles. Too cold a temperature will give insufficient removal of solvent and particle agglomeration.
It will be appreciated that the temperature of the hot gas will be at least equal to the maximum temperature attained by the droplets or spray-dried material.
The hot gas may be arranged to pass in a countercurrent flow to the droplets of the mixture but typically a cocurrent flow of the hot gas and the mixture is used. Using a cocurrent flow, the atomizer is typically located at the top of the spray-drying apparatus and the hot gas is introduced into the top of the apparatus and is removed from near the bottom of the apparatus.
Some of the spray-dried solid collects at the bottom of the apparatus, from which it may be removed, preferably continuously, by suitable means such as a star feeder valve, a screw conveyor, or in the hot gas stream.
The hot gas, which has been cooled by its passage through the spray-drying apparatus may be removed separately from the spray-drying apparatus. The hot gas may be passed through a cyclone to remove entrained solid, and the solid removed in the cyclone may be added to any which is separately removed from the spray-drying apparatus. The vapor of the liquid medium which is present in the hot gas is desirably condensed in a suitable condenser, and the condensed liquid medium can be re-used for mixing with the solid material. The gas may then be reheated and recirculated to the spray-drying apparatus.
The pressure in the vessel can be varied to enhance or hinder devolitilization. Slight positive pressure in the vessel is preferred to prevent water and O2 contamination.
The nozzle-orifices are adjusted with the conventional spray-drying equipment to produce particles having the desired particle size. It is preferred that essentially all of the particles of the final spray-dried material are in the range from 2 to 250 microns, preferably at least 90% by weight of the particles are in the range from about 10 to about 40 microns, for example having a mean size of about 20 microns. A description of typical spray-drying equipment and conditions can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,465,783.
Another method for forming the particles of the desired morphology is by impregnating an inert particulate support already having the desired morphology with the solution of the carbonated magnesium compound.
The carrier materials, i.e., the supports, are solid, particulate materials which are inert to the other components of the catalyst composition, and to the other active components of the reaction system. These carrier materials would include inorganic materials such as oxides of silicon and aluminum and molecular sieves, and organic materials such as polymers such as polyethylene polyesters, etc. When the carrier materials are inorganic oxides, they are used in the form of dry powders having an average particle size of about 10 to 250, and preferably of about 50 to 150 microns. These materials are also preferably porous and have a surface area of ≧3, and preferably ≧50, square meters per gram. The inorganic oxides should be dry, that is, free of absorbed water. Drying of the oxide material can be carried out by heating it at a temperature of >200� C. or by chemical treatment.
The carriers are added to the solution of the carbonated magnesium compound, and then the solvent is evaporated. Typically, the solution is maintained at atmospheric pressure and the temperature maintained at about 80� to about 90� C. until the resulting powder appears dry. Under vacuum conditions the temperature may be, e.g., 60� to 90� C. The desired temperature and pressure may be readily determined by one skilled in the art. If desired, the resulting powder may be washed one or more times with an inert, such as isopentane, to ensure that the alcohol, etc., is removed.
Once the uniformly optimized particles of the magnesium compound have been obtained, it is then necessary to convert the compounds to magnesium halides in a metathesis reaction (digestion), such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,414,132.
In the halogenation with a halide of tetravalent titanium, the magnesium compounds are preferably reacted to form a magnesium halide in which the atomic ratio of halogen to magnesium is at least 1.2. Better results are obtained when the halogenation proceeds more completely, i.e., yielding magnesium halides in which the atomic ratio of halogen to magnesium is at least 1.5. The most preferred reactions are those leading to fully halogenated reaction products, i.e., magnesium-dihalides. Such halogenation reactions are suitably effected by employing a molar ratio of magnesium compound to titanium compound of 0.005:1 to 2:1, preferably 0.01:1 to 1:1. These halogenation reactions are conducted in the additional presence of a halohydrocarbon and an electron donor. An inert hydrocarbon diluent or solvent may also be present. When using an inert diluent or solvent, this should of course not be used as a complete substitute for the halohydrocarbon, for it is important that the halogenation reaction proceeds in the presence of a halohydrocarbon.
Suitable halides of tetravalent titanium include aryloxy- or alkoxy-di- and trihalides, such as dihexanoxy-titanium dichloride, diethoxy-titanium dibromide, isopropoxy-titanium tri-iodide and phenoxy-titanium trichloride, titanium tetrahlides are preferred; most preferred is titanium tetrachloride.
Suitable halohydrocarbons are compounds such as butyl chloride, amyl chloride and the following more preferred compounds. Preferred aliphatic halohydrocarbons are halogen-substituted hydrocarbons with 1 to 12, particularly less than 9, carbon atoms per molecule, comprising at least two halogen atoms, such as dibromomethane, trichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichlorobutane, 1,1,3-trichloroethane, trichlorocyclohexane, dichlorofluoroethane, trichloropropane, trichlorofluorooctane, dibromodifluorodecane, hexachloroethane and tetrachloroisooctane. Carbon tetrachloride and 1,1,3-trichloroethane are preferred aliphatic halohydrocarbons. Aromatic halohydrocarbons may also be employed, e.g., chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichlorodibromobenzene, naphthyl chloride, chlorotoluene, dichlorotoluenes, and the like; chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene are preferred aromatic halohydrocarbons.
Suitable electron donors which are used in the preparation of the solid catalyst component are ethers, esters, ketones, phenols, amines, amides, imines, nitriles, phosphines, phosphites, stibines, arsines, phosphoramides and alchoholates. Examples of suitable donors are those referred to in U.S. Pat. No. 4,136,243 or its equivalent British Specification No. 1,486,194 and in British Specification No. 1,554,340 or its equivalent German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,729,126. Preferred donors are esters, diesters and diamines, particularly esters and diesters of aromatic carboxylic acids, such as ethyl and methyl benzoate, p-methoxy ethyl benzoate, p-ethoxy methyl benzoate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acetate, dimethyl carbonate, dimethyl adipate, isobutyl phthalate, dihexyl fumarate, dibutyl maleate, ethylisopropyl oxalate, p-chloro ethyl benzoate, p-amino hexyl benzoate, isopropyl naphthenate, n-amyl toluate, ethyl cyclohexanoate, propyl pivalate, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylene diamine, 1,2,4-trimethyl piperazine, 2,3,4,5-tetraethyl piperidiene and similar compounds. The electron donors may be used singly or in combination. Preferred electron donors for use in preparing the titanium constituent are ethyl benzoate and isobutyl phthalate.
The halogenation normally proceeds under formation of a solid reaction product which may be isolated from the liquid reaction medium by filtration decantation or another suitable method and may be subsequently washed with an inert hydrocarbon diluent, such as n-hexane, iso-octane or toluene, to remove any unreacted material, including physically absorbed halohydrocarbon.
Subsequent to halogenation, the product is contacted with a tetravalent titanium halide such as a dialkoxy-titanium dihalide, alkoxy-titanium trihalide, phenoxy-titanium trihalide or titanium tetrahalide. The most preferred titanium compounds are titanium tetrahalides and especially titanium tetrachloride. This treatment increases the content of tetravalent titanium in the solid catalyst component. This increase should preferably be sufficient to achieve a final atomic ratio of tetravalent titanium to magnesium in the solid catalyst component of from 0.005 to 3.0, particularly of from 0.02 to 1.0. To this purpose the contacting with the tetravalent titanium chloride is most suitably carried out at a temperature of from 60� to 136� C. during 0.1-6 hours, optionally in the presence of an inert hydrocarbon or halohydrocarbon diluent. Particularly preferred contacting temperatures are from 70� to 120� C. and the most preferred contacting periods are between 0.5 to 3.5 hours. The treatment may be carried out in successive contacts of the solid with separate portions of TiCl4, which may contain suitable electron donors chosen from the previous list.
The preferred halogen atom, possibly contained in the magnesium compound to be halogenated, and contained in the titanium compound which serves as halogenating agent and in the tetravalent titanium halide with which the halogenated product is contacted, is chlorine.
After the treatment with tetravalent titanium halide the catalyst component is suitably isolated from the liquid reaction medium and washed to remove unreacted titanium compound. The titanium content of the final, washed catalyst constituent is suitably between about 1.5 to 3.6 percent by weight or up to about 4.5 percent.
The material used to wash the catalyst component is an inert, light hydrocarbon liquid. Preferred light hydrocarbon liquids are aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons. Examples of such liquids include iso-pentane, n-hexane, iso-octane and toluene, with iso-pentane being most preferred.
The amount of light hydrocarbon liquid employed is 5 to 100 cc/gm of procatalyst in each of 2 to 6 separate washes, preferably about 25 cc/gm.
The resulting solid component is the procatalyst, which is used with cocatalyst and selectivity control agent in the polymerization process.
Suitable electron donors, which are used in combination with or reacted with an organoaluminum compound as selectivity control agents and which are also used in the preparation of the solid catalyst component are ethers, esters, ketones, phenols, amines, amides, imines, nitriles, phosphines, silanes, phosphites, stibines, arsines, phosphoramides and alcoholates. Examples of suitable donors are those referred to in U.S. Pat. No. 4,136,243 or its equivalent British Specification No. 1,486,194 and in British Specification No. 1,554,340 or its equivalent German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,729,126. Preferred donors are esters and organic silicon compounds. Preferred esters are esters of aromatic carboxylic acids, such as ethyl and methyl benzoate, p-methoxy ethyl benzoate, p-ethoxy methyl benzoate, p-ethoxy ethyl benzoate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acetate, dimethyl carbonate, dimethyl adipate, dihexyl fumarate, dibutyl maleate, ethylisopropyl oxalate, p-chloro ethyl benzoate, p-amine hexyl benzoate, isopropyl naphthenate, n-amyl toluate, ethyl cyclohexanoate, propyl pivalate. Examples of the organic silicon compounds useful herein include alkoxysilanes and acyloxysilanes of the general formula Rn 1 Si(OR2)4-n where n is between zero and three, R1 is a hydrocarbon group or a halogen atom and R2 is a hydrocarbon group. Specific examples include trimethylmethoxy silane, triphenylethoxy silane, dimethyldimethoxy silane, phenyltrimethoxy silane and the like. The donor used as selectivity control agent in the catalyst may be the same as or different from the donor used for preparing the titanium containing constituent. Preferred electron donors for use in preparing the titanium constituent are ethyl benzoate and isobutyl phthalate. Preferred as selectivity control agent in the total catalyst is p-ethoxy ethyl benzoate, phenethyltrimethoxy silane and diphenyldimethoxy silane.
The organoaluminum compound to be employed as cocatalyst may be chosen from any of the known activators in olefin polymerization catalyst systems comprising a titanium halide but is most suitably free of halogens. While trialkylaluminum compounds, dialkylaluminum halides and dialkylaluminum alkoxides may be used, trialkylaluminum compounds are preferred, particularly those wherein each of the alkyl groups has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g., triethylaluminum, tri-n-propylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum and dibutyl-n-amylaluminum.
Preferred proportions of selectivity control agent, employed separately, in combination with, or reacted with an organoaluminum compound, calculated as mol per mol aluminum compound, are in the range from 0.005 to 1.5, particularly from 0.1 to 0.5. Preferred portions of selectivity control agent calculated as mol per mol Ti is in the range of 0.1 to 50, particularly 0.5 to 20.
Proportions of electron donor contained in the solid catalyst component, calculated as mol per mol of magnesium, are suitably in the range of from 0.01 to 10, e.g., from 0.01 to 10 and from 0.05 to 5.0 and especially from 0.05 to 0.5.
To prepare the final polymerization catalyst composition, procatalyst, cocatalyst and selectivity control agent, if used separately, may be simply combined, most suitably employing a molar ratio to produce in the final catalyst an atomic ratio of aluminum to titanium of from 1 to 150, and suitably from about 10 to about 150. The catalysts of this invention tend to exhibit very good activity at much lower Al:Ti ratios, e.g., below 80:1 and even below 50:1, than prior art catalysts of the same type. It may, however, be advantageous under some conditions to employ them at higher Al:Ti ratios. Increasing the Al:Ti ratio tends to increase catalyst activity at the expense of increased catalyst residue in the unextracted product. These factors, as well as the desired level of isotacticity, will be considered in selecting the Al:Ti ratio for any given process and desired product. In general, Al:Ti ratios in the range of 30:1 to 100:1 and especially of about 50:1 to 80:1 will be found advantageous.
The present invention is also concerned with a process for polymerizing an alpha monoolefin such as ethylene or butylene, preferably propylene, employing the novel catalyst components and compositions. These polymerization may be carried out by any of the conventional techniques, such as gas phase polymerization or slurry polymerization using liquid monomer or an inert hydrocarbon diluent as liquid medium. Hydrogen may be used to control the molecular weight of the polymer without detriment to the stereospecific performance of the catalyst compositions. Polymerization may be effected batchwise or continuously with constant or intermittent supply of the novel catalyst compositions or one or more of the catalyst components to the polymerization reactor. The activity and stereospecificity of the novel catalyst compositions are so pronounced that there is no need for any catalyst removal or polymer extraction techniques. Total metal residues in the polymer, i.e., the combined aluminum, magnesium and titanium content, can be as low as 150 ppm, even less than 75 ppm.
It is well known that supported coordination procatalysts and catalyst systems of the type used herein are highly sensitive, in varying degrees, to catalyst poisons such as moisture, oxygen, carbon oxides, acetylenic compounds and sulfur compounds. It will be understood that in the practice of this invention, as well as in the following examples, both the equipment and the reagents and diluents are carefully dried and freed of potential catalyst poisons.
The productivity of the procatalyst is determined as kg polymer/g procatalyst in a standard one or two hour batch reaction; it may also be expressed as kg polymer/g Ti. Catalyst activity is sometimes reported as kg polymer/g procatalyst/hr. If determined in a standard one hour test, activity thus is numerically the same as productivity.
The selectivity to isotactic polypropylene is determined by measuring the amount of xylene soluble polymer (XS), in accordance with regulations of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The XS test is carried out as follows:
The sample is completely dissolved in xylene, which contains oxidation inhibitor, in a stirred flask by heating under reflux at 120� C. The flask is then immersed in a water bath at 25� C. without stirring for one hour, during which the insoluble portion precipitates. The precipitate is filtered off and the solubles present in the filtrate are determined by evaporating a 10 ml aliquot of the filtrate, drying the residue under vacuum, and weighing the residue. The xylene-solubles consist of amorphous material with some low molecular weight crystalline material. (FDA regulations 121.2501 and 1.1.2510, 1971.)
The numerical value of XS in the case of propylene homopolymer is typically about 2 percent less than the amount of polymers extractable in refluxing n-heptane. Thus the isotacticity index of polypropylene (amount insoluble in refluxing n-heptane) is approximately 100-(XS+2).
Catalyst productivity at standard conditions exhibits an inverse relationship with stereoselectivity. This relationship is characteristic for any given procatalyst. It is generally possible to control these variables, within limits, by changing the proportion of selectivity control agent (SCA). Increasing the amount of SCA increases selectivity to isotactic or stereoregular polymer but reduces activity, and hence productivity, in a standard one hour test.
The following examples illustrate the invention:
Illustrative Embodiment I shows the preparation of catalysts supported on silica. First, about 20.3 grams of magnesium diethoxide was added to 700 ml ethanol in a flask. Then CO2 was bubbled through the flask until all the solid was dissolved. Excess CO2 was allowed to exit through a bubbler. The reaction took place over approximately 30 minutes and was evidenced by an increase in temperature of the ethanol solution. Note that carbonated magnesium ethylate may also be prepared by dropping dry ice into a slurry of ethanol and magnesium ethoxide while stirring. In such case stirring is continued until all of the magnesium ethoxide is dissolved.
To a flask containing 6 gm of silica (silicas used included Davison SGB-5, Davison 952, particle size 50-70 microns, pore volume 1.05 and 1.7 cc/gm; silicas were dried under nitrogen and some treated with BF3, BCl3) were added 100 ml of the above carbonated magnesium solution. The ethanol was evaporated while stirring at 85� C. until the resulting powder appeared dry. The solid was then washed with isopentane 5 times. A 50:50 volume mix of TiCl4 and chlorobenzene was then added to the solid (75 ml) along with 1.2 ml of ethyl benzoate. The mixture was then heated to 100� C. for 1 hour and the liquid filtered at the end of that hour. An additional quantity of TiCl4 :CB was added and heated to 110� C. for 30 minutes, followed by filtration. A final addition of TiCl4 :CB was added with 0.3 ml of benzoyl chloride. The mixture was heated to 110� C. for 30 minutes followed by filtration. To remove adsorbed TiCl4 the catalyst was washed with isopentane in 6 additions.
To 2.7 liters of propylene was added 0.7 mmol of triethyl aluminum, 0.35 mmol of p-ethoxy ethyl benzoate, and the catalyst prepared above equivalent to 0.01 mmol of Ti in which 0.15 mmol of diethyl aluminum chloride was added to the catalyst and premixed for 10 minutes. Polymerization was carried out for 2 hours.
Results are presented in the Comparative Tables below.
In Illustrative Embodiment II catalysts were prepared from carbonated magnesium ethoxide and no deliberate attempt was made to control morphology.
Carbonated magnesium ethylate was prepared as indicated above under silica preparations; however, the solid carbonated magnesium ethylate was obtained by evaporating the ethanol from the solution by nitrogen purging or removal in a rotavap. The solids were treated further by drying exhaustively in nitrogen, at 100� C. or at 150� C. (it is reported by Dynamit Nobel that CO2 is lost between 100� and 140� C.). Heating at 150� C. resulted in a 40% weight loss, which corresponds to a complete loss of CO2. The solids obtained after N2 drying were then treated identically to the catalyst manufacture detailed under the silica preparations except no silica was added.
Again the polymerizations were completed in liquid propylene. The cocatalyst used was again triethyl aluminum and the selectivity control agent was p-ethoxy benzoate; diethyl aluminum chloride was sometimes used in a precontact step with the catalyst. Catalyst charged was enough to charge 0.01 mmol of Ti. Some polymerizations were also completed in the gas phase at 300 psig and 65� C. Reaction times were 2 hours unless indicated. Representative yields are indicated in the comparative table below.
In Illustrative Embodiment III catalyst was manufactured from spray dried carbonated magnesium ethoxide.
A solution of carbonated magnesium ethylate was prepared in the same manner as discussed under the silica section. The resulting solution was approximately 33% carbonated magnesium ethylate by weight. This solution was pumped at a controlled flow rate to a small nozzle at which point the resulting fluid stream was placed into intimate contact with nitrogen at varying temperatures. Solid prepared by contacting with nitrogen at 100�-120� C. gave hollow spheres, many of which had exploded into nutshell like fragments. Solids obtained from contact with nitrogen at 80� and 60� C. yielded solids resembling the shape of shriveled peas (raisins).
The solid obtained from spray drying was heated in a quartz tube to 70� C. while passing nitrogen through the solid for 7 hours, then heated for 40 hours with nitrogen flow at 105� C., and finally a 1 hour period at 150� C. The CO2 was effectively removed. 6.0 grams of the above solid was placed in a catalyst manufacturing flask. At room temperature, 150 ml of a 50:50 volume mix of TiCl4 :CB was added along with 2.4 ml of ethyl benzoate. The mixture was heated to 110� C. and allowed to mix for 1 hour at which time the liquid was filtered off. An additional 150 ml of TiCl4 :CB mix was added along with 1.5 ml of diisobutyl phthalate and the mixture was allowed to remain at 110� C. for 30 minutes upon which time the liquid was filtered. The above step was repeated one additional time followed by a final wash with 150 ml of TiCl4 :CB. The final catalyst was then washed 6 times with isopentane.
The above catalyst was polymerized in liquid propylene. The cocatalyst used was triethyl aluminum, and the selectivity control agent was phenethyl trimethoxy silane. Enough catalyst was added to give 0.01 mmol of Ti. The residence time was 2 hours.
The comparative catalyst (standard cat) was prepared in a similar manner to U.S. Pat. No. 4,414,132 and the above examples, but within the use of CO2. Broadly, magnesium diethoxide was reacted with TiCl4 and ethyl benzoate in the presence of chlorobenzene to form a solid component. The solid was treated with additional washes of TiCl4 /chlorobenzene, with one wash also containing benzoyl chloride. The polymerization was similar to that employed in Illustrative Embodiment I.
The various catalysts prepared above are compared below. Not all results are shown, and, for the most part, the best catalyst productivities and representative morphologies are shown. As shown, it has been possible to achieve polymer productivities equivalent to the prior art catalyst (not prepared from carbonated Mg compounds), but with superior morphology. The spray dried material shows a significant difference in the level of material below 250 microns; 2.0% wt. versus 10.2% wt. for a prior art catalyst. The shape of the particle has been significantly improved also from rock like particles to a uniform raisin like particle.
TABLE 1______________________________________Comparative TablesPARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS OF POLYMER Carbonated MgWt. Silica Spray Standard non-optimizedfraction Supported Dried Cat (com- Morphologymicrons (I.E. I) (I.E. III) parison) (I.E. II) 100� C.______________________________________>2000 45.4 7.5 5.2 1.81000-2000 30.4 34.4 39.2 44.2 500-1000 16.4 40.7 29.9 35.3250-500 5.5 15.4 15.5 13.6120-250 1.6 2.0 6.8 4.2 <120 0.6 0.0 3.4 1.0Avg. 1311 738 694 693______________________________________
TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________BEST CATALYST PRODUCTIVITIES Carbonated Mg Carbonated Mg non-optimized (heated at 150� C. Silica Spray Standard (100� drying) to drive off Supported Dried Cat Morphology CO2) (I.E. I) (I.E. III) (comparison) (I.E. II) (I.E. II)__________________________________________________________________________Yield (gms) 485 583 340 305 530Xylene Solubles 10.5 2.2 4.0 4.3 4.7% wt.TEA (mmol) 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 .7DEAC (mmol) 0.15 0.0 0.0 0.0 --SCA (mmol) 0.35 0.07 0.35 0.35 .35 PEEBReaction Time 2 2 1 1 2(hrs)__________________________________________________________________________
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**robodarkvision rolled a random image posted in comment #52 at Lol ** I dont think i ever laughed that hard before.

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The Top 10 In Action Sports
01Golden Victories And Crushing Defeats: The Six Greatest Moments In Competitive Surfing History
02It's Every Kid's Dream To Fly Like A Bird And Live Underwater. Now You Can…
03Love Actually vs. Horgasm: Which Movies Should You Be Watching This Christmas?
04It's Easy To See Why This Lego Snowboarding Video Has Set The Internet Alight...
05The US Navy Have Unveiled Their Latest Gadget: A Million Dollar Robot Drone Shark
06Amanda Cordell Could Be The Next Big Thing In MTB, She Totally Rips!
0710 Gifts Every Skateboarder Wants for Christmas
0811 Things You Won't Be Able To Live Without On Your University Ski Trip
09Scrabble, Sharks and Shaving Mid-Air: 13 Weird Ways To Make Skydiving Even Crazier
10This Tale Of A Husky With 3D Printed Legs Will Bring A Tear To Your Eye
Commencal 2010 Team Video
A Mountain Biking video by dirt - 36,305 views
April 7th saw Commencal and the Athertons launch their new look team, as the complete family roster prepare for a 2010 season back at full strength.
2008 World Champion Rachel, returns this year after having to sit out last year due to an injury sustained in a training accident. With her form nearing one hundred percent you can be sure she will be in the mix for the overall World Cup title and in medal contention once again at the World Championships in September.
Despite qualifying fastest at Andorra, Slovenia and Fort William last season, Gee found himself on the other steps of the podium too often come the finals. He finished the season in fourth place and is out to better that this year with an ambitious assault on the Downhill overall title, kicking off in full force at the Slovenian hosted first round in May.
Eldest sibling Dan has undertaken a tough winter training schedule, with more emphasis on his speciality Four Cross. Working on his weaknesses from 2009, Dan is now ready to unleash these improvements on the World Cup series.


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DoubleTree Atlantic Beach Opens; Completes $5M Reno
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ATLANTIC BEACH, N.C—The DoubleTree by Hilton Atlantic Beach Oceanfront opened here following a $5 million renovation.
The former Sheraton Hotel closed in 2011 in the wake of Hurricane Irene and was acquired by Newport Group in 2012, with plans for an overhaul and a grand reopening.
The hotel features 200 guestrooms with private balconies and views of Atlantic Beach. In addition, the hotel has revamped its food and beverage offerings to bring guests more dining options.
Tom Bowen serves as general manager.
Tags: • Hospitality • Brands • Acquisitions • Construction/Renovation • Management Companies •
When you hear all the lodging industry projections for the months and years to come, much of the robust growth is forecast to be the result of the expected influx of travelers from China. In what could only be seen as good news for the industry, that expectation moved a little closer to reality when President Obama signed a visa waiver extension for Chinese travelers earlier this month.
Ashford Hospitality Trust to Acquire Portfolio from Prudential for $250M
RLHC Signs Franchise Agreement in Cincinnati »
Allegro Cozumel Resort Reopens with New Updates, Enhancements
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OBS will join the restructured National Youth Council
During the inaugural Singapore Youth Conference 2014, the Minister of Culture, Community and
Youth, Mr Lawrence Wong announced that the National Youth Council (NYC) will be restructured as
an autonomous agency, and Outward Bound Singapore (OBS) will be a key part of the strengthened
This is part of the Ministry's plan to redouble its efforts to engage youth as announced by Minister
Wong during the Debate on the Parliament's Address.
In addition to scaling up the OBS programme to reach out to more people, OBS will also co-drive the
national volunteer programme, Youth Corps Singapore, with the NYC. Tapping on the strong synergy
between OBS and the NYC in driving youth engagement and developing youth active citizenry, NYC
will look at policy making, framework development and providing infrastructural support, while OBS
will design and conduct programmes for selection, training and team bonding for the Youth Corps,
with ongoing mentoring towards local and overseas community service projects.
OBS' strong international network of Outward Bound and NGO partners will contribute to linking the
Youth Corps with overseas community service projects. OBS and NYC will also work closely to further
enhance the blueprint and pedagogy design of the Youth Corps Singapore.
More information on the restructuring here.


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Issue: Foreign and international banking
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H.R.749Referred to the House Committee Feb 16, 2011 (112th congress) 4 Views
To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to permanently extend the subpart F exemption for active financing income.
S.366 - Iran Transparency and Accountability Act of 2011Read twice and referred Feb 16, 2011 (112th congress) 1 Views
A bill to require disclosure to the Securities and Exchange Commission of certain sanctionable activities, and for other purposes.
H.Res.94Referred to the Subcommittee Mar 08, 2011 (112th congress) 1 Views
Calling for an end to the violence, unlawful arrests, torture, and ill treatment perpetrated against Iranian citizens, as well as the uncondit...
H.R.255 - Cuba Reconciliation ActReferred to the Subcommittee Mar 23, 2011 (112th congress) 4 Views
To lift the trade embargo on Cuba, and for other purposes.
H.R.87Referred to the Subcommittee Feb 08, 2011 (112th congress) 7 Views
To repeal the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.
H.R.5971 - Zimbabwe Renewal Act of 2010Referred to House Financial Services Jul 29, 2010 (111th congress) 0 Views
To facilitate lasting peace, rule of law, democracy, and economic recovery in Zimbabwe.
S.3560 - Combating the Pakistani Taliban Act of 2010Read twice and referred Jun 30, 2010 (111th congress) 1 Views
A bill to instruct the Secretary of State to designate the Pakistani Taliban as a foreign terrorist organization.
H.R.5564 - Judgment Evading Foreign States Accountability Act of 2010Referred to House Foreign Affairs Jun 22, 2010 (111th congress) 2 Views
To prevent wealthy and middle-income foreign states that do business, issue securities, or borrow money in the United States, and then fail to...
H.Res.1431Referred to the House Committee Jun 10, 2010 (111th congress) 0 Views
Calling for an end to the violence, unlawful arrests, torture, and ill treatment perpetrated against Iranian citizens, as well as the uncondit...
H.R.5159 - SAFE Banking Act of 2010Referred to the House Committee Apr 28, 2010 (111th congress) 3 Views
To provide for a safe, accountable, fair, and efficient banking system, and for other purposes.


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Even the NBA is hatin' on the Raps...us against the world...us against the world...
Even the NBA is hatin' on the Raps...us against the world...us against the world...
I got the whole league shook already,
Ain't interested in that Silver talk,
I'm Golden baby,
Masai told me "don't worry I paid already"
Worst Behaviour
Drake loses more money than that in the creases of skrippers @ Vlive Houston and Magic City in Atlanta. LOL.
Fuck the NBA
Drakes music sucks balls but gotta keep him.
This just goes to show that the league believes he really can recruit players, and that they don't wan't us recruiting any stars.
"You clearly don't know who you're talking to, so let me clue you in: I am not in danger, Skyler. I am the danger. A guy opens his door and gets shot, and you think that of me? No! I am the one who knocks!"
- Walter White
NBA statement: "As Raptors' Global Ambassador, Drake must follow our anti-tampering rules. At no point did we suggest his title be removed"— Josh Lewenberg (@JLew1050) August 13, 2014
More from NBA re Drake: "...but we were clear that as long as he acted as a representative of the team, he is subject to the league's rules"— Josh Lewenberg (@JLew1050) August 13, 2014
Turning KD into an honorary OVO member. He'll be wearing a Raptors jersey in 2016, just wait on it.
Worst Behaviour
i didn't realize drake wasn't actually on the payroll. him being fined doesn't make any sense.
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comme il fautSyllabification: comme il faut
Pronunciation: /ˌkôm ēl ˈfō /
Definition of comme il faut in English:
Correct in behavior or etiquette.
Example sentences
- He superintended the arrangements, chose the wallpapers, supplemented the furniture (preferably with antiques which he considered particularly comme il faut), and supervised the upholstering.
- In China, it's comme il faut.
- Um, no.. I'm not sure if it's comme il faut to mention other companies here...
mid 18th century: French, literally 'as is necessary'.
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of or relating to dancing


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Arm yourself! You'll be able to craft every item in this image when you play The Elder Scrolls Online. Learn more on the game's official website.
Category Archives: ZeniMax Online
Creating ESO: Music
Visit elderscrollsonline.com to discover more about the music in The Elder Scrolls Online and how it will shape the atmosphere of your adventures — including the in-game score by Brad Derrick and Rik Schaffer, and including contributions from Jeremy Soule and Malukah!
ESO Roundup
- ESO Content Editor Dominic Davies asks about armor style preference in this week's Developer Question of the Week
- Blacksmithing in Tamriel is the focus for the new Developer Play Session
- Tamriel Chronicles #45 and #46 show off the hard work and creativity of fans
Recently press outlets spent a weekend playing The Elder Scrolls Online. Read PvE and PvP roundups on the site. And now that the Beta NDA has lifted, be sure to share your thoughts and reaction on the official ESO Twitter and Facebook pages.
Creating ESO: Dark Anchors
ZOS lets us take a look at a more sinister Tamriel that's in The Elder Scrolls Online. Get all the details on Molag Bal's Dark Anchors in the new edition of "Creating ESO" now on elderscrollsonline.com.
ESO: How to Create a Daedric Prince
It takes more than excellent Smithing skills to craft a statue that perfectly encaptures a Daedric Prince.
Take an inside look at the making of the Molag Bal statue that comes along with the Imperial Edition of The Elder Scrolls Online. Here's an excerpt on what it takes to design a Daedric Prince:
Designing the God of Schemes as he appears in ESO was the first step. Our concept artists explored various ideas and silhouettes through a series of quick thumbnail sketches. We used references from previous Elder Scrolls games, including the appearance of the Mace of Molag Bal from Skyrim, to guide creation. We chose to make him huge, bestial, and sinister—a look fitting for the Daedric Prince of enslavement and domination.
To read the full article and for more information on ESO venture to www.elderscrollsonline.com
Unleash the Imperial Edition
Watch as ESO loremaster Lawrence Schick reveals the loot inside ESO's Imperial Edition — available in extremely limited quantities.
To pre-order the limited edition Imperial Edition, head here.
ESO 'Ask Us Anything': Variety Pack 12
The latest ESO 'Ask Us Anything' answers a variety of new questions on the game — including various questions stemming from our Imperial Edition announce. Here's a sampling:
Do people who order the Imperial Edition gain a big gameplay advantage over those who don't?
No. With the Imperial Edition you get the opportunity to play as a rogue Imperial who has broken from their Daedra worshipping ways, and you get a unique racial skill line of equal gameplay impact to other races' unique racial skill lines. As an Imperial you also get a mount and the automatic ability to craft items into the Imperial style. All non-Imperial races can also learn this ability after locating the corresponding racial motif. Imperials do not begin the game in a unique starting location or via a separate quest, but they can start in any alliance as befits their status as un-aligned outcasts of their own Province. Being an Imperial includes a racial skill line that offers unique gameplay opportunities, but there is not an overall gameplay advantage. It is an opportunity to set yourself visually apart in the lands of Tamriel.
Gameplay benefits within this edition have been designed to avoid bestowing unfair advantages over players who do not purchase this special edition. This is cool content designed for some of our biggest fans who wish to have something different from other collector's editions in the market. The only other alternative would have been to offer a collector's edition that offers no in-game items whatsoever. That simply didn't seem fair to fans who are excited about the game and want some special digital items.
Learn more on the Imperial Edition and gameplay at www.elderscrollsonline.com.
The Elder Scrolls Online Imperial Edition Announced; The Elder Scrolls Online Official Store Launches
Today we revealed The Elder Scrolls Online Imperial Edition – a premium collector's edition for the highly-anticipated The Elder Scrolls Online. This edition will be made available in digital and limited physical formats. For all of the details read the press release below or check them out here.
Pre-Order and Pre-Purchase Bonuses Are Detailed for Latest Game in Award-Winning Franchise
January 29, 2014 (Rockville, MD) – Bethesda Softworks®, a ZeniMax® Media company, today announced that it will release The Elder Scrolls Online Imperial Edition – a premium collector's edition for the highly-anticipated The Elder Scrolls Online. The Elder Scrolls Online Imperial Edition will be made available in digital and limited physical formats. Both standard and collector's editions are now available for pre-order through participating retailers and pre-purchase from the newly launched, online store (store.elderscrollsonline.com).
In addition to the highly-anticipated game, The Elder Scrolls Online Physical Imperial Edition includes:
- Molag Bal Statue. A 12" statue featuring Molag Bal, Daedric Prince of domination and enslavement.
- The Improved Emperor's Guide to Tamriel. A 224-page illustrated guide annotated by the Imperial scholar, Flaccus Terentius.
- Physical Map of Tamriel. A 21" x 26" printed map detailing Alliance-controlled zones and the ultimate conquest: Cyrodiil.
- Steelbook™ Packaging. A limited edition steel case decorated in the color of the Imperials.
- Exclusive Collection of Digital Content.
- Play as an Imperial: Become an Imperial and play in any Alliance. Gain unique bonuses, crafting styles, gear, and more.
- White Imperial Horse: Summon this Imperial mount and journey through Tamriel with speed.
- Mudcrab Vanity Pet: Explore Tamriel with a mudcrab pet scuttling along by your side.
- Rings of Mara: Complete the Ritual of Mara with a friend and receive an experience bonus when you play together.
The Physical Imperial Edition is extremely limited in quantity and available for pre-order now through participating retailers for $99.99 (€99.99/£89.99).
The Elder Scrolls Online Digital Imperial Edition includes the base game and all digital content outlined for the Physical Imperial Edition above and retails for $79.99 (€79.99/£69.99).
All those who pre-order or pre-purchase either the Imperial Edition or the Standard Edition in physical or digital formats will also receive The Explorer's Pack bonus at launch, which includes: Scuttler vanity pet, four bonus treasure maps, and the ability to play as any of the nine races in any Alliance.
Early Access bonuses will also be offered to those pre-ordering or pre-purchasing a PC/Mac version. A five (5) day early access bonus will be offered to those who pre-purchase the Digital Imperial Edition or the Digital Standard Edition through The Elder Scrolls Online Store. Additional early access programs are also available through participating retailers.
The Elder Scrolls Online, developed by ZeniMax Online Studios, is the latest chapter of the award-winning franchise and will bring the legendary experience online for the first time. Players can choose their own style of play as they embark upon an epic adventure across all of Tamriel, playing alone on heroic quests as in previous Elder Scrolls games, exploring the huge, rich world with a few friends, or joining with hundreds of others in massive PvP battles to save the Empire.
The Elder Scrolls® Online will be available worldwide on April 4, 2014 for PC and Mac users. Versions for the PlayStation®4 system and the Xbox One® will be arriving on retail shelves in June 2014.
The Elder Scrolls Online has been rated M for Mature by the ESRB.
Both standard and collector's editions are now available for pre-order through participating retailers and pre-purchase from the newly launched, official online store -store.elderscrollsonline.com.
One important thing to note: All those who pre-order or pre-purchase either the Imperial Edition or the Standard Edition in physical or digital formats will also receive The Explorer's Pack bonus at launch, which includes: Scuttler vanity pet, four bonus treasure maps, and the ability to play as any of the nine races in any Alliance. Early Access bonuses will also be offered to those pre-ordering or pre-purchasing a PC/Mac version.
If you missed it, ESO releases on PC/Mac worldwide on Friday, April 4th and on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One in June. If you haven't had a chance to experience the game, be sure to sign up for beta at signup.elderscrollsonline.com.
And finally…what better way to celebrate, than with an epic video! You can check it out right here:
ESO Q&A on PlayStation Blog
Today on PlayStation Blog, ESO Game Director Matt Firor answers some burning questions from PS4 players. Matt tackles questions about PlayStation Plus, the DualShock 4, and more. Here's a sampling…
@maheirem Will PvE instances, like dungeons, offer a single player mode?
The Elder Scrolls Online is an MMO that was designed to give the gamer freedom to play with others, or alone. That said, there are instances and areas that are specifically designed and tuned to be taken on with friends.
Want more answers? Jump to the PS Blog here.
ESO: Dress Up Your Desktop
Ready to get the travel bug? The ESO team has some fun new wallpapers sure to speak to the explorer inside of you. This week, they're sharing three new dungeon wallpapers featuring concept art for Toothmaul Gully, the Vaults of Madness, and a mysterious Dwemer ruin.


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Showing 97-192 of 289 items
Comfort Inn and Suites Rochelle
The only deluxe-service hotel in the charming city of Rochelle, Illinois, the refreshed Comfort Inn & Suites delivers a unique blend of friendly Midwest personality and fast-forward hospitality. For business and vacation, our contemporary lifestyle hotel offers a comfortable and convenient setting for all your travels in Northern Illinois. Whether planning a corporate connection, a romantic getaway or a train spotting adventure, you'll find our Rochelle hotel is perfect for working and playing.
CITY: Rochelle
Lyon Farm & Village
Features 15 historic buildings that trace the history of Kendall County plus an 1819 Chicago Burlington & Quincy caboose, a fully-stocked general store, an 1840s schoolhouse, town hall, a working blacksmith shop, the Plano Train Depot, (c. 1850s) and Yorkville Firehouse (c. 1888).
CITY: Yorkville
Buena Vista Golf Course
Buena Vista is a par 32, nine-hole golf course with a driving range, pro shop and snack bar. Open seven days a week during the season, weather permitting.
CITY: DeKalb
Chapel in the Pines
Nestled among fragrant pines and sumptuous flower gardens stands the Chapel in the Pines, a charming Victorian-style country church.
CITY: Sycamore
Ogee Golf & Country Club
Ogee features a nine-hole course.
CITY: Paw Paw
Hinckley Germanfest
Planned activities include a craft show, a dance contest, stein holding contests, antique tractor show, races, a church service and delectable international food and much more!
CITY: Hinckley
Franklin Creek State Natural Area
Developed by local volunteers, it offers scenic trails, horseback riding, fishing, and limited hunting. The site contains the historic Franklin Creek Grist Mill and a 180-acre dedicated nature preserve.
CITY: Franklin Grove
No Strings Attached
A stroll through this store reveals fine antique furnitiure, knickknacks, old vinyl records, tapes, books, beer memorabilia, marbles, fishing items, old action figures, wall art, jewelry and more! You are likely to see some of the items taht you played with as a kid being sold here.
CITY: DeKalb
Amboy Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary
The Amboy Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary is 272 acre of wetlands offering a rare and fragile ecosystem, which includes endangered turtles, many birds and unique plant life. It is located near the intersection of U.S. Route 52 and Mormon Road about 3 miles south of Amboy. Open to the public 7 days a week for walking and bird-watching. No dogs are allowed due to sensitive plant and wildlife.
CITY: Amboy
Corner Grill on Main
We are known for our Italian beef, gyros (cooked on the spit), 10oz. burgers, Chicago-style hot dogs, and BBQ ribs. We pride ourselves on having great food, big portions, and fair prices. Located in downtown Genoa, stop in today!
CITY: Genoa
Hub City Antique Mall
Hub City Mall features antiques, used furniture, and much more. We offer beautiful antiques that you will love and our friendly staff will gladly assist you with all your antique shopping questions and needs.
CITY: Rochelle
Timber Creek Inn and Suites and Convention Center
Convention center and Hotel
CITY: Sandwich
Crumpets Tea Room and Ice Cream Parlor
Enjoy a unique dining experience in our Victorian tea room and turn of the century ice cream parlor.
CITY: Genoa
Amboy Pharmacy
Old time pharmacy with soda fountain, penny candy and old-fashioned homemade chocolate for our shakes, malts and sodas.
CITY: Amboy
Red Roof Inn
Red Roof Inn located in Rochelle offers 59 spacious rooms, whirlpool suites, cable and movie channels, coffee makers, free high-speed wireless internet, microfridge in every room, voicemail and pet friendly. Continental breakfast, large indoor pool area featuring a whirlpool, exercise room, outdoor patio area. For small meetings and intimate receptions we offer facilities for groups of up to 25.
CITY: Rochelle
Rosati's Pizza
Authentic Chicago pizza, plus ribs, chicken, and pasta for all your catering needs.
CITY: Genoa
The Hillside Restaurant
Talk a walk through our legendary restaurant and see the colors of every season. Smell the changes in the menu every time the wind blows a new direction, and taste homemade foods, breads and famous desserts just at the end of Pie Street.
CITY: DeKalb
River Heights Golf Course
River Heights Golf Course is an 18-hole facility that winds along the banks of the Kiswaukee River in DaKalb County, offering a challenging mix of traditional and links-type holes for the weekend player or serious golfer.
CITY: DeKalb
Pineview Campground
On 40 acres of pine trees, the camp welcomes trailers, RVs and more.
CITY: Amboy
Nachusa Grasslands, The Nature Conservancy
Private natural area owned by the Nature Conservancy. Highlights are 1500 acres of prairie, wetlands, and savanna woodlands. Grassland flowers, birds and butterflies to observe.
CITY: Franklin Grove
Rebecca's Unique Glass
Unusual treasures and gifts, custom glass flower arrangements and framed art.
CITY: Yorkville
Franklin Creek Grist Mill & Interpretive Center
This four-story, reconstructed 1847 grist mill features a four-ton waterwheel and displays of 1800s milling equipment.
CITY: Franklin Grove
Geneva Kayak Center
Geneva Kayak Center is a paddlesport school and adventure travel company that's proud to be recognized as a ACA Pro School and offer both whitewater and sea kayak instruction. Their goal is to promote the sport of kayaking through safety and education. In addition to local offerings, they offer spectacular Adventure Paddling Trips for beginner to advanced paddlers, to amazing locations. Whether you want to enjoy an afternoon on the river or are preparing for a two-week expedition, Geneva Kayak Center believes the sport of kayaking should be fun, and enjoyed by all.
CITY: Yorkville
Hide-A-Way Lakes Camping & Recreational Park
Open all year. Nestled on 150 acres are wooded and secluded campsites with Morgan Creek meandering throughout, surrounded by several lakes. There are more than 5,000 feet of frontage on the beautiful Fox River with primitive camping, trailer rentals, yearly sites and full hook-ups for rigs of all sizes.
CITY: Yorkville
Prairie Pines Golf Course
Located 2 1/2 miles west of Annie Glidden Road on Route 38 in Dekalb, Illinois. The nine-hole, par 34 facility features a gently rolling course on 53 acres surrounded by farmland. Soothing views of pine trees and beautiful fields make the experience a pleasure and prevent worries about errant shots hitting homes nearby. Water features are promenant on holes number 2 and 3 and a meandering stream through the course provides ample challenge. Thinking of an outing or a family reunion? You can rent the whole facility at a reasonable price for a few hours or the whole day. Besides access to nine holes of golf and carts, "The Pines" offers fishing in their ponds, a large outdoor barbeque and plenty of space for horseshoes, volleyball, or bag games.
CITY: DeKalb
Farmer's Daughter
Farmer's Daughter is located in an old two story house. Whether you are looking for the latest in primitive/country antiques or home decor, you are sure to find it here. Many of our pieces are handcrafted by local artisians.
CITY: Sandwich
Genealogical Research Library
Research early history, marriages, cemetery and census records, and family books, all pertaining to Ogle County.
CITY: Holcomb
Portillo's - Sycamore
Come enjoy what we hope you will find to be the best Hot Dog, Italian Beef, Maxwell Street Polish, Tasty Burgers, Fresh Salads and more. Bring the kids and ENJOY!
CITY: Sycamore
Country Store Thrift Shop
A variety of items are for sale at a reasonable price. The collection includes articles for the home, gifts, decorations and clothing.
CITY: DeKalb
Lakeside Bait, Tackle & Boat Rental
The staff of Lakeside Bait, Tackle & Boat Rental are courteous, friendly and willing to help you get the best of your trip to Shabbona Lake. This shop has everything you could ever need out on the lake from fishing line to boat rentals. The staff is knowledegable and can assist you in anyway possible.
CITY: Shabbona
Bicentennial Riverfront Park
Bicentennial Riverfront Park is a five-acre community park on the south bank of the Fox River. Built by volunteers on Hydraulic Street, Bicentennial Riverfront Park makes optimum use of the river, with abundant fishing, plus canoe and kayak access to the white water chute. There is also a beautiful view of the Glenn Palmer Dam as you follow the trail along the river and the picnic area, playground and river-side pavilion are popular community gathering spots in the summertime.
CITY: Yorkville
Mendota Hills Campground
More than a campground, hit a golf ball, take a golf lesson, catch a fish or hayrack ride, swim, dance, hike row/paddle a boat, play basketball, horseshoes, video games and pool or kickback with a campfire. We have 130 acres to do it all.
CITY: Amboy
Genoa Cafe
Genoa Cafe is located in the heart of Downtown Genoa. Stop in for breakfast or lunch and achieve that small town feel. We have an extensive menu that is sure to please. We look forward to seeing you!
CITY: Genoa
Colonial Flowers & Gifts, Inc.
Unique store using antiques to enhance displays. Flowers and gifts.
CITY: Rochelle
Village Peddler
Your store for unique country gifts and home accents.
CITY: Plano
Walcamp Outdoor Ministries Family Campground
Walcamp Outdoor Ministries Family Camp would like to invite you and your family to come camping with us! Can host family reunions, company or church picnics, and many themed weekends! Situated on 177 acres of woods, fields, streams and ponds!
CITY: Kingston
Best Western Timber Creek Inn & Suites & Convention Center
This property is perfect for the business and leisure guest. They offer 100 mid-scale guest rooms and over 25,000 square feet of flexible meeting space. A variety of spacious guest rooms are available, including luxury suites and whirlpool rooms. Dine in their Top Shelf restaurant. Enjoy their indoor swimming pool and spa, arcade and their 24-hour fitness room. They also offer a free continental breakfast and free high-speed Internet. Their multi-functional convention center is ideal for weddings, parties, reunions, conferences, and corporate training. They are located minutes from major attractions such as the Farnsworth House, the Sandwich Fairgrounds, the Historic Opera House, Antique Market, the Old Barn Museum, and Silver Springs State Park.
CITY: Sandwich
Diamond G Ranch & Western Store
Large western store -- everything for the horse & rider. Also, indoor and outdoor arenas. Boarding available.
CITY: Rochelle
Sam's Family Restaurant
Sam's Family Restaurant is great for any age. Come in today with your family for a cozy homecooked meal at an affordable price. Try our daily special or a signature item off our menu!
CITY: Cortland
Priscilla's Parlor
Priscilla's Parlor is now located inside Roadhouse Antiques in Creston in a quaint shop located on Hwy 38. We carry a mix of antiques, vintage, primitives, collectibles, shabby-chic and jewelry, just to name a few.
CITY: Creston
Panda House Chinese Restaurant
Panda House serves Szechuan, Hunan and Cantonese Cuisine. They are open 7 days a week from 11:00 am to 11:00 pm Eat in or take out, they also deliver to DeKalb, Sycamore, Malta and Cortland with a minimum $8.00 order. They accept Visa, Master Card, Discover and Huskie Bucks.
CITY: DeKalb
Eduardo's Mexican Restaurant
Enjoy a little taste of Mexico. The only place for great Mexican food! Daily specials, children's menu, Mexican beer, private parties, full service lounge.
CITY: DeKalb
Karlsbad Tavern
Karlsbad constantly has specials and a changing menu. Every Friday night is our famous Fish Fry, and every Sunday we have biscuits and gravy starting at 10am. We are a small tavern located in Downtown Genoa. Come in for good food, friendly service, and a nice conversation. Kids are welcome.
CITY: Genoa
Sycamore Antiques
Fine art, antiques and collectibles can all be found at Sycamore Antiques. Stop in to see all that we have to offer!
CITY: Sycamore
S.I.S. Shop In Style
Shop In Style (SIS) brings a new flavor to your shopping experience by allowing you to finally Shop In Style. Four sisters have brought together all their favorite styles, colors and collectibles to finally deliver the boutique that comes to you. The items you can expect to see include jewelry, cosmetics, clothing and accessories that are purchased from across the United States all of which you have never seen before in your local stores. These unique items will truly make you stand out from the rest of the crowd with a touch of Flair, Fun and most of all Style! You have the option of visiting their boutique or they come to you! Call to schedule an appointment or to be added to their email blast list at 815-751-1918 or email email@example.com
CITY: Sycamore
Rock River Cruise
For those with an urge to explore a genuine Illinois prairie, this ride takes you past one of the largest pieces of preserved prairie in the state. The Rock River Cruise is 34.7-miles of moderate difficulty, with a few small climbs along the way. Stop off and visit some of the many attractions along the way, including the John Deere Historic Site and the charming town of Oregon.
CITY: Franklin Grove
Mediterraneo specilizes in Middle Eastern cuisine, which is vegetarian by nature. Mediterraneo does serve some meat, but most of our entrees are vegetarian, and many are even vegan friendly. Vegetarians and meat lovers can enjoy our open buffet every Sunday from 11am-3pm.
CITY: DeKalb
Green River Oaks Camping Resort
Camping resort with two pools, mini golf, basketball courts, fishing in lake and river, rental trailers, 225 sites with hookups.
CITY: Amboy
Sweet Earth
At Sweet Earth our gifts say more!. We engrave on almost everything. We have the tools and experience to help you create a unique gift. We repair both fine and costume jewelry-AND all the work is done in the store by qualified professionals. We change watch batteries and remove links. We have the largest selection of beads & jewelry making products in the area. Every year in March we host our BEAD-A-THON. For that personalized touch, we provide engraving services and plenty of engravable gifts for every occasion. We can even put your message on your own treasures, engraving on a wide variety of materials including metals, glass and crystal. We carry beautiful gift ideas from linens and home decor to toys and puppets, greeting cards and wrappings.
CITY: Sycamore
Sandwich Fairgrounds
200 RV parking spaces, 110, 50 and 30 amp hook-ups, water and dump station. RV camping $15 per night April 1-Aug. 14 & Sept. 16-Oct. 30 and $30 per night Aug. 15-Sept. 15. Tent camping is allowed. Grills allowed but no open fires.
CITY: Sanwich
Coupe's Bar & Grill
Come into Coupe's and try one of our delicious homemade sandwiches. We have a variety of items on our menu that are sure to please you. While here, grab an ice cold beer and catch your favorite sports team.
CITY: Lee
Super 8 - Yorkville
The Super 8 has 42 rooms, some with whirlpool tubs. Complimentary continental breakfast, free local calls, cable TV. Major credit cards accepted.
CITY: Yorkville
Jane Fargo Hotel
In the tradition of a small, comfortable hotel, all of their guests feel like executives. They are located in beautiful downtown Sycamore making them within walking distance of attractions, dining, and shopping. Jane Fargo Hotel's guest rooms include, master, corner and lofted bedroom suites. Featuring whirlpool baths. Meeting rooms up to 10. Amenities include: Free Continental Breakfast, Banquet Facilities, Mitchel Lounge, Wi-Fi Access, Meeting room space up to 300 people
CITY: Sycamore
New York Bagel & Coffee Exchange
A unique coffee and gift shop with baskets, gourmet foods and many varieties of gifts for all. Also a wide variety of sandwiches, soups, and desserts.
CITY: Rochelle
Rosita's Mexican Restaurant
Rosita's is a family owned and operated restaurant located in DeKalb. They have been serving delicious Mexican food for over 30 years. They feature a fabulous selection of mixed drinks in a warm and cozy atmosphere.
CITY: DeKalb
Encore Clothing
Encore Clothing specializes in quality consignment clothing for men and women. We carry currently styled great condition clothing priced at about one-third of the original retail price. Whether you're interested in shopping for great deals or in consigning your fabulous clothes to make a little extra cash, we are the place for you.
CITY: DeKalb
Kirkland Family Restaurant
A great place to meet and eat! Serving breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Our Friday fish fry begins at 11am. Join us for delicious food, friendly service, and great prices!
CITY: Kirkland
Small Town Skate Shop
Small Town Skate Shop has all your skateboard and long board needs. They have things for both guys and gals, along with a variety of accessories. Small Town Skate Shop also carries a wide variety of brands to choose from such as toy machine, DC, Element, Vans, PlanB, etnies, Shorty's, and more!
CITY: DeKalb
Johnson's Family Farm
Our farm is not a large scale operation but we are a family run operation that does its best to provide you the customer with a good product and a friendly smile when you come for a visit. We offer 12 acres of mazes, fall decorations, and pumpkins and gourdes galore! So gather up the kids, find some friends and venture out to Sycamore Illinois and start some great memories!
CITY: Sycamore
Village Courtyard
Come to the Village Courtyard for the "home-like" feel. Between our friendly service and comfort food, you wont leave disappointed. We have alot of regulars, but enjoy meeting and serving new people! Come in for just one meal, or become one of our regulars-it will be hard not to! Try one of our specials!
CITY: Somonauk
Parkside Bed and Breakfast
A contemporary bed and breakfast located in the heart of historic DeKalb County. The cottage has been newly renovated and features carefully chosen furniture, decor and attention to detail. Relax into the cushy softness of the luxurious queen bed. Settle into the soft, leather recliner or love seat and watch a movie. Walk outside and enjoy the coolness of the shade from the tall Maples and explore the lovingly tended gardens. The Parkside Bed and Breakfast is the perfect destination for travelers looking for a weekend getaway or just relaxation and comfort while on an extended business stay. Amenities include: Breakfast included, kitchenette, walk-in shower, Wi-Fi Access
CITY: DeKalb
Cabana Charleys Tiki Bar & Grill
Menu includes American with a Caribbean flare and tropical drinks served to you in a relaxing atmosphere- "Relax, You are Here".
CITY: Sycamore
Taxco Restaurant
Travel to Mexico without evening leaving the USA. Taxco will immerse you into the mexican culture as soon as you step through their door way starting with their authentic decor and the amazing aroma flowing from the kitchen. Taxco serves the most authentic mexican cuisine using only the freshest ingredients.
CITY: Sycamore
Two Sisters Then & Now
Antiques galore. Come find hidden treasures, or maybe just exactly what you are looking for.
CITY: Sandwich
Pizza Pro's
Pizza Pro's was voted "Best Pizza in DeKalb" in 2010. Stop on in for some yummy pizza, pasta, appetizers or just enjoy a refreshing drink while catching the game on one of our many televisions. In addition to a full service restaurant, we offer delivery, take-out, and catering.
CITY: DeKalb
Thai Pavilion
Proudly presenting the food of Thailand in the heart of DeKalb. We're a bit of Southeast Asia in your own small town. Everything from appetizers, salads, fried rices, to desserts.
CITY: DeKalb
The Confectionery
Besides creams and clusters and toffee and caramels, The Confectionary also make hard to find pieces including divinity, chocolate dipped ginger, sponge candy (seasonally) and sugar free chocolate clusters (made with real chocolate). Their batches are small and much of the work is done the old fashioned way: by hand.
CITY: DeKalb
New Game in Town
New Game in Town is a great little shop specializing in Magic the Gathering and other CCGs, Darts and Dart Supplies, Comic Books, Miniatures, Dungeons and Dragons and other RPGs. Come in and play!
CITY: DeKalb
D & D Jewelers
D & D Jewelers has been a fixture in Sycamore, Illinois for over 100 years. We are often praised for knowing our customers likes and being able to help them find or create the perfect piece of jewelry to uniquely fit their personality. We specialize in engagement and wedding rings, exquisite diamonds, Custom Design, vibrant gemstones from the well known basics to the exotic and lustrous pearls. We have stunning pieces from classic and elegant to unique and one of a kind. D & D has the largest selection of top quality brands of men's watches and women's watches in the area.
CITY: Sycamore
Pokanoka's Cafe
Pokanoka's Cafe is named after Cheif Shabbona's Wife. The cafe overlooks scenic Shabbona Lake with a magnificent view through very large glass windows. Try our famous Pokanoka Burger! We are now offering on the water delivery, just give the restaurant a call and we will deliver your meal to your boat! Come on in after your fishing trip for a cold beer or ice cream and watch your favorite sports team.
CITY: Shabbona
Fatty's Pub & Grill
Fatty's is the premier spot to catch a NIU football game, or any other sporting event. Conveniently located across the street from Northern Illinois University and next to Best Western DeKalb Inn & Suites. Stop in and try a delicious item off our extensive menu, or just have a drink or two! Our friendly staff are waiting for you. Party room also available. Let Momma Fatty cater your next event!
CITY: DeKalb
Duck Soup Coop
Duck Soup Coop sells a wide variety of products including items such as bulk seeds, grains, teas, coffees, legumes, and many organic items. You may also find housewares, gifts, pet foods, vitamins, and cruelty free body care products.
CITY: DeKalb
Carter's Cottage Interiors
Carter's Cottage Interiors is pleased to offer a pleasant in store shopping experience filled with antiques, shabby chic/french country furiniture and decor, hoosier cabinets, crocks, DeKalb seed sacks, DeKalb farm/seed signs and many primitives.
CITY: DeKalb
Diamond Tour Golf
Diamond Tour Golf is the World Wide Leader in Golf Component Distribution. Diamond Tour Golf is very proud of being able to provide the highest quality components and offer them at a very affordable price.
CITY: DeKalb
Graham Crackers Comics
Graham Crackers has comics new and old for a variety of ages. Toys, posters, magazines and buttons can also be found here. Stop in their store today and become an owner of one of their great finds.
CITY: DeKalb
Laughing Cat Antiques Shop
The Laughing Cat Antiques Shop is the purrfect place to find that vintage treasure, your own personal key to the past! We have 17 dealers here to make sure you have plenty to choose from. you will find vintage Indian jewelry as well as rhinestone and sterling. Come in, walk down memory lane, and see our eclectic mix of antiques, rare antique post office items, depression glass, antique dolls, advertising signs, and Victorian children's items. We also have a primitives room for you, featuring the most fantastic American primitives...a must see!
CITY: Genoa
Cracker Jax
Cracker Jax began in 1984 as a vintage clothing store and has since transformed into the magical place it is today! All senses are delighted as you shop 15 cases of new and vintage jewelry, eclectic clothing, soy candles, oils, incense, gemstones of every kind, unique gifts, stunning greeting cards, books, antique and shabby chic furniture, art and one-of-a-kind treasures. We are lovers of all things beautiful!
CITY: DeKalb
Victoria's Crossing
Shop for antiques, home accessories and collectibles, from homespun country to Victorian elegance.
CITY: Genoa
Sandwich Antique Mart
Held at the Sandwich Fairgrounds, this market offers treasures from the 19th and 20th centuries. More than 500 exhibitors sell authentic antiques and collectibles on select Sundays from spring through fall.
CITY: Sandwich
Genoa Open Air Market
Last Saturday of the month from June through October. Featuring locally-grown produce, wine, baked goods, flowers, and artisan crafts.
CITY: Genoa
Karshone's Hometown Cafe
Craving breakfast? Karshone's is the place to be! Here we make all our toast in house, and have amazing biscuits and gravy. We also have a variety of lunch options, like a steak and cheese sandwich, as well as delicious desserts such as peanut butter pie.
CITY: Malta
Ducky's Formal Wear
Ducky's specializes in Tuxedo rentals. They can match all dress colors and have over 100 different choices to choose from. Surely they can meet your needs. Ducky's offers great desingers such as Joseph Abboud, Fubu, Chaps, Ralph lauren, Perry Ellis and more! Ducky's has not forgotten about the ladies. They also carry a wide selection of prom dresses. Come in and visit where there courteous knowledable staff is waiting to serve you!
CITY: DeKalb
Nathan Winston Services
Nathan Winston Services was started in 1976 as a rubber stamp shop. Growth continued with the addition of engraving as we opened a full time retail store in 1985. Today we offer stamps, plaques, acrylics, clocks, and engraved and sublimated awards. We maintain our level of professionalism well above the standard. We are proud to be one of DeKalb's Business of the Year recipients, and Marking Device Magazine's Small Business of the year.
CITY: DeKalb
Rambo's Bar and Grill
Rambo's is the consummate "neighborhood" style establishment where friends stop in to meet friends. We offer Friday night fish fries, broasted chicken, smoked meats, pizza, and much more! We provide live entertainment most Saturday nights, which you can find details about on our website.
CITY: Somonauk
Decades is a unique shopping experience with many unique items from retro to vintage. Handmade items from jewelry, aprons, clothes, cards, etc.
CITY: DeKalb
Catholic Gift Store
The Catholic Gift Store offers you a unique selection of quality Catholic gifts and books.
CITY: DeKalb
Amazing Grace Antiques
Historic home's 14+ rooms filled with affordable antiques, primitive to Victorian. Relaxed, kid-friendly, hometown atmosphere.
CITY: Elburn
Lincoln Inn Family Restaurant
The Lincoln Inn has been an anchor of downtown DeKalb for over 20 years! Fresh baked muffins, pastries, and breads make the Lincoln Inn a unique, enjoyable restaurant for all occasions.
CITY: DeKalb
Quality Inn
The Quality Inn is ideally located one mile from historic downtown Sycamore. Your free continental breakfast is the perfect way to start your day! After along day, enjoy a refreshing swim in their indoor heated pool and a relaxing soak in the hot tub. Business travelers will welcome additional conveniences like free high-speed internet access to copy and fax services. The meeting facilities are capable of handling up to 25 people for events and banquets. Amenities include: Fitness Center, Indoor Pool with Spa/Hot Tub, Free Continental Breakfast, Handicapped Accessible, Wi-Fi Access, Business Center
CITY: Sycamore
Tapa La Luna
A World Class tapas bar featuring an international cuisine and an exquisite array of spirits for your intimate enjoyment. Savor the flavors and enjoy a cozy atmosphere with friends. Eat light or eat all night its a treasured experience at Tapa La Luna in Downtown DeKalb.
CITY: DeKalb
Olde Tyme Inn
Our goal is to satisfy our customers by providing them with quality food and friendly service at a great price. Try one of our famous burgers or fresh sandwiches or salads. We have live entertainment and drink specials often!
CITY: Sandwich
Pizza Villa
For 52 years Pizza Villa has been crafting delicious pizza with their homemade dough. We use only fresh vegetables and get our sausage delivered daily. Don't want pizza? Try our excellent spaghetti and meat sauce. We also serve roasted chicken, sandwiches, broasted pork chops and barbecue spare ribs. Play some games in our arcade area while you wait for your pizza to be cooked! Party rooms and packages are also available.
CITY: DeKalb
Mae's Fine Design
Mae's Fine Designs deals with the same jewelry trade companies as the big mall jewelry stores deal with, but without the high up-scale pricing. Come in to find the perfect piece of jewelry for your loved one. Mae's has everything from engagement rings to necklaces. We also offer simple repairs such as broken chain to full customize channel set diamond ring.
CITY: Waterman
Welcome Matt
Welcome Matt is located in downtown Hinckely. We offer our Fish Fry Dinner every Friday night, and karaoke every other Saturday. Check out our menu and seasonal drink specials. We offer burgers, soups, salads, sandwichs, and more! Stop by and see why The Welcome Matt has become a regional favorite!
CITY: Hinckley
Holiday Inn Express Hotel & Suites - Sycamore
69 rooms, all queen and king beds for your comfort. Located close to Northern Illinois University, Texas Roadhouse, and Walmart. Amenities include: Fitness Center, Indoor Pool, Free Continental Breakfast, Handicapped Accessible, Wi-Fi Access, Business Center, Refrigerators & Microwaves in all rooms.
CITY: Sycamore
North Central Cyclery, Inc.
We proudly carry a variety of bicycles includig Trek, Gary Fisher, Surly Salsa, Ridley, Haro, and Mirraco. We believe these companies give us the best opportunity to serve almost any rider walking in our door. We also carry a wide variety of products from other companies including Bontrager, Saris, Crank Brothers and more. We have access to many products not present in our store and we gladly make special orders for customers, so if you are interestd in something specific, please let us know! We also support, plan, coordinate or participate in almost every cycling event in DeKalb County. These events are the cornerstone of our business. We also host many in-store seminars on bike maintenance, bike fit, training, commuting, and bike safety.
CITY: DeKalb