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Protecting crops from pests and insects is necessary for growers to produce profitable crops. Although not a new field - biological pesticides first gained EPA approval for field tests in 1990 - the development of biological pesticides continues to expand. According to the University of California, Davis, more than 200 biopesticides are sold in more than 800 products, many of which, include multiple modes of action.
Products are being created by the pesticide manufacturing giants and by small, grower-owned and start-up companies. These products are created from naturally occurring processes in response to an increasing need to meet export standards, as well as to avoid resistance development issues and harm to beneficial pests. Biological pesticides are developed through expanded technology and field-tested by unbiased scientists for their effectiveness and residual activity.
Effectively managing pesticide residue is essential for U. S. growers to market their products globally. Each country sets its own pesticide standards, and European and Asian countries have stricter standards on minimum residue levels (MRL) than the U.S. With growers struggling to keep their heads above water with increasing production costs, access to the export markets is essential.
The same global trade that inc- reases markets through exports for U. S. growers increases threats from pests and insects that come into the U.S. with imported products. "We've seen a lot of new pests during the past 10 years," said Dr. Doug Walsh, an entomologist with Washington State University.
Walsh noted several advantages in new products:
Several factors are at work spurring the development and use of biopesticides. While resistance development to standard pesticides has increased, and a number of products have been removed from the market, an overriding issue is the ability of growers to market U.S. products to European and Asian markets. As restrictions have increased, researchers, manufacturers and growers are responding to the need for these biological pesticides to facilitate more access to overseas markets.
While food remains a major world concern, research funding continues to be more available for major crops such as corn, soybeans and cotton. In many instances, products developed for these major crops eventually make their way to registration for specialty crops such as fruits and vegetables.
That's where a project initiated in the 1960s sometimes comes into play. The IR-4 Project, housed at Rutgers University and funded primarily through the USDA, is made up of several programs. Dr. Michael Braverman is manager of the IR-4 Biopesticide and Organic Support Program. The stated objective is to further the development and registration of biopesticides for use in pest management systems for specialty crops or for minor uses on major crops.
Braverman said, "The IR-4 Project funds research field trials to assess effectiveness and to detect residues in products, and it assists university and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) researchers and small companies in the EPA registration process." In other instances, private companies manage their own registration process, moving products of major crop to minor crop registration.
An exciting first in the pesticide registration process will occur when AF36 is successfully registered for use on pistachios. Successful registration of AF36 will represent the first tree nut registration of a product previously registered for cottonseed and corn. AF36 evolved from a need of the cotton industry to protect against Aspergillus flavus. Some strains of the fungi produce aflatoxin, a liver carcinogen. Research found that some strains including AF36, do not produce aflatoxin. AF36 is produced and distributed by the grower group Arizona Cotton Research and Protection Council, Phoenix.
Dr. Themis Michailides, University of California Kearney Agricultural Center, has conducted tests on AF36 over a three-year period. Following success in the product displacing the toxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus in an experimental orchard, an experimental use permit allowed 3,000 acres of pistachios to be treated. AF36 is introduced into wheat seed, and when applied to the soil beneath the tree canopy, water from irrigation rehydrates the wheat and AF36 produces masses of spores that displace the toxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus.
Michailides said, "We were able to reduce the incidence of aflatoxin-contaminated nuts by about 20 percent in the first year of the trial, and by the third year the reduction increased to almost 50 percent. It is expected that once registration is obtained the contamination reduction will be even greater." Michailides noted that comments thus far are favorable. The IR-4 Project is assisting with the process, and registration is expected in early 2012, allowing AF36 to be used in the 2012 growing season.
"Our cooperator in this project, Dr. Peter Cotty, USDA-ARS and the University of Arizona at Tucson, pioneered research on cotton and corn and was able to get AF36 registered on cotton some years ago and corn in 2010. When AF36 is registered for pistachios, it will be the first such registration on a tree crop."
Produced by Certis USA, PFR-97 is a microbial insecticide with multiple modes of action developed from the Apopka 97 strain of the fungus Isaria fumosorosea discovered by University of Florida researchers. It was licensed to WR Grace Biopesticides, a predecessor to Certis USA. Recently registered in the U.S., it has previously been used in Europe to control whiteflies and thrips. The insecticide is registered for the control of thrips, whiteflies, psyllids, mealybugs and spider mites on fruits and vegetables. The product has been used by growers in Europe and is a popular control measure for whiteflies and thrips.
David Silva, Certis USA product manager, said, "PFR-97 can control thrips in all life stages, eggs, immatures and adults." Silva cited the multiple action modes of PFR-97 as an important aspect. It can penetrate through direct contact with germinating spores when applied to the crop or the soil, and it can grow on plant surfaces and enter the hosts that come in contact with it.
Silva said, "It works on a wide crop range. It works for berries, grapes, potatoes and fruiting vegetables. It's safe on beneficial insects."
Insecticide resistance has eroded the effectiveness of insecticides, and PFR-97 provides a new microbial mode of action to forestall resistance development.
Seduce and Bug-N-Sluggo are two bait-type biological pesticides produced by Certis USA. The active ingredient in Seduce is spinosad, which is derived from a soil-dwelling microorganism called Saccharopolyspora spinosa. The bacteria produce compounds in fermentation that have been formulated into insecticides. Seduce is registered for almost all crop groups for use against earwigs and cutworms. Silva said, "We are currently conducting research to apply for registration of Seduce to control cabbage maggots and ants."
Bug-N-Sluggo is a combination of spinosad and iron phosphate, and is registered to control earwigs and cutworms, as well as snails and slugs.
AgriPhage, produced by OmniLytics, Sandy, Utah, represents an earlier biological pesticide gaining registration about five years ago. Naturally occurring bacteriophages are beneficial viruses that can destroy specific bacteria on contact. With the increased interest on the part of consumers in greenhouse-produced tomatoes, that avenue of tomato production has increased. Bacterial canker has recently become the most serious problem in greenhouse tomato production. AgriPhage can be used on both greenhouse and field-produced tomatoes as a spray on growing plants.
"We're seeing an increased use of biological pesticides," said Dr. David Ingram, plant pathologist, Mississippi State University. Ingram conducted field studies on AgriPhage funded by the IR-4 Project to assess its effectiveness and residue when used on tomato vines. Results indicated that canker was reduced more than 50 percent in treated plants. Ingram said, "In my three years of studies of AgriPhage, I found that the disease is slowed to allow more fruit to be harvested."
Ingram noted that an increasing number of small growers are focused on producing and promoting healthy food for local markets. At the same time, large commercial growers must look to meeting standards for exporting their produce to markets in Europe and Asia. When combined, these factors contribute to the increased interest in biological pesticides.
Delegate WG, developed for fruit applications, and Radiant SC, aimed at vegetables, are biological insecticides produced by Dow AgroSciences. Both products are derived from naturally occurring soil bacteria and were accepted for registration under the U.S. EPA Reduced-Risk Initiative. Development of the active ingredient was spearheaded by Dr. Thomas Sparks, a scientist with Dow AgroSciences. Sparks was recently named winner of the 2012 International Award for Research in Agrochemicals by the American Chemical Society.
Delegate provides control for the codling moth, the bane of fruit growers as well as oriental fruit moth and leaf rollers. Radiant targets thrips, worms and leaf miners.
With both resistance avoidance and maintenance of beneficial populations a major concern, both products contribute to these goals. Brian Timmerman, Dow portfolio market leader for insecticides, said, "Both Delegate and Radiant maintain most beneficial populations. The unique chemistry found in these insecticides gives producers an effective mode of action that can easily be rotated with other products to stave off resistance."
Nancy Riggs is a freelance writer. She resides in Mount Zion, Ill.


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The FWC is divided into five administrative regions (see map below), each staffed with representatives of the divisions and headed by a regional director.
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In reply to Boyd McCollum's post on Sun 14 Feb 2010 :
You can also access for free, a lot of films from the National Film Board of Canada. Their website is terrific now. They have often been at the cutting edge of documentary and animation, for over 60 years. Have fun!


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Cattle Baron's Ball
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Saturday, 02 February, 2013Starts at 07:00 PM
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Faith May Complement Treatment for Mental Illness
Find a Conversation
|Thu, 06-20-2013 - 7:58am
According to Health Day News, those suffering from mental illness may do better with faith in God. "A belief in God may boost the effectiveness of short-term treatment for mental illness, according to a small new study.The study included 159 psychiatric patients whose levels of depression, well-being and self-harm were assessed at the start and end of the study. The patients also were asked about their belief in God.Patients with higher levels of belief in God were twice as likely to respond to treatment as those with no or little belief in God. Even among the more than 30 percent of patients who said they had no specific religious affiliation, those who had a moderate or high belief in God had a better response to treatment than those with little or no belief." Read More
Your thoughts?


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Master's Degree
Chris has just finished the last of his coursework, begun in 2009, for a Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics from GIAL in Dallas, Texas. Coursework included classes in descriptive grammar, phonetics and phonology, discourse analysis, NT Greek exegesis, translation theory, field methodology, cross-cultural teaching, and other electives. His thesis, which he successfully defended on October 9, is now posted online.
Click the link to read Translating New Testament Proverb-like Sayings in the Style of Nsenga Proverbs.
Below is an outline, for those who might not want to read the whole thing:
- Chapter 1: Introduction and overview of the thesis
- Chapter 2: A survey of some relevant academic literature, including identification and translation of proverbs
- Chapter 3: Defining a "proverb-like" saying in the New Testament, with many examples from the Greek
- Chapter 4: An overview of Nsenga grammar
- Chapter 5: Analysis of Nsenga proverbs (grammar, topics, sound patterns)
- Chapter 6: Translating NT proverb-like sayings into Nsenga, using local-language proverbs as models
- Chapter 7: Testing and review of sample translations
- Chapter 8: Summary and suggestions for future research
- Appendix A: 270 Nsenga proverbs, with translations, explanations, and grammatical glosses
- Appendix B: A list of 74 New Testament "proverb-like sayings"
- Appendix C: Reviewer responses
There is no way Chris could have done this work alone. As the proverb says, "Kakumo kamo nthakotola inda" (One finger cannot pick a louse). Thank you to all who have supported Chris in his studies, especially those Nsenga co-workers in Zambia who helped him understand and apply Nsenga proverbial wisdom to the ongoing Bible translation project. We pray that some of the work done for Chris' thesis might help to improve the Nsenga New Testament project.
Fall update
It's been a long time since the last update, but we hope you haven't forgotten about us. The whole family is now settled (temporarily) back in the USA. For our furlough, which should run through Spring 2015, we will be based in Fairborn, Ohio. Right now, though, Chris is in Dallas, Texas at the Graduate Institute of Applied Linguistics, putting the finishing touches on work toward his Master's Degree.
Catch up on our latest news, including back-to-school updates and a lot of "quirky" Nsenga proverbs in our latest newsletter: Plugers' Fall Newsletter. Also, stay tuned for a detailed report on Chris' MA thesis and our upcoming speaking schedule. We hope to see many of you very soon!
One more week
In one week, I will be getting on an airplane for the first time in three years and leaving Zambia for my first furlough.
On the one hand, I'm totally ready for it. First of all, Janine and Sean have been gone for four weeks, and I'm really looking forward to seeing them waiting for me as I come out of security at Dayton International Airport next Tuesday. Also ice cream.
On the other hand, I'm really not. Everyone says that the "reverse culture shock" is much harder than the regular culture shock. I really like my life and work in Zambia, especially the seemingly-slower pace of things, and I'm not looking forward to every aspect of American life. There are some things I'm not looking forward to getting used to again – things that I don't really want to get used to.
All in all, of course, it will be great. Friends and family and English-language church services and restaurant food that's actually fast and air conditioners and snow and ice cream and root beer and this "high-speed" internet that I keep hearing so much about…
Some people have asked if we still need financial support while we're on furlough. The short answer is, "Yes!"
First of all, though we will be getting some R&R, furlough is not "vacation." I will be working hard to finish my Master's Degree, and we will also be doing a lot of traveling to connect with churches and supporters around the country who have made possible all of our work these last three years, all in the hope of returning to Zambia as soon as possible to continue the translation work.
Secondly, living in the US is (probably no surprise to anyone) actually more expensive than living and working in Zambia (even though gas is $7.50 a gallon here, and a stick of deodorant costs $10), especially when you include those much-anticipated plane tickets back to the US. So we actually need slightly more money while we're on furlough than we do when we're on the field.
To those who support us and our work in Zambia – thank you! To those who are interested in becoming a part of the effort to translate the Word of God into the Nsenga language for the first time – click around on this website for more info. To everyone who is interested in our work – see you soon!
In the meanwhile, enjoy our Summer Newsletter, containing amusing anecdotes, some details on our financial need, and a bit of shameless self-promotion!
The Tenth Anniversary of My Thirtieth Birthday
Today is my fortieth birthday. Perhaps more significantly, it's the tenth anniversary of my thirtieth birthday. I'm not just saying that so I can avoid talking too much about being 40, although there is a bit of weirdness associated with being as old as I remember my dad being when I was a little kid.
So what was so special about my thirtieth birthday? Well, 30 June 2004 was the day we had our final party for the Mexico mission trip – you know, that "one last" time you all get together to swap pictures and stories, tell the inside jokes again, play "remember that time?" eat some culturally-appropriate food, and commiserate a bit about how weird it is to be back at home.
Even though I've traveled outside the country with other people's kids ten times as a group leader/chaperone, there's (still) something special about the 2004 Mexico trip. That was the first time Karen let me lead a group all on my own. And although I fell far short of being the mature, responsible chaperone I should have been, no one was very seriously injured (sorry, Meredith), everyone made it back home (much to their chagrin), and the Good News was preached to the poor. It was, to say the least, a very special experience.
And the MEX04 party just happened to fall on my 30th birthday.
I use a trite, cliché phrase like "very special experience," but I should really just call it what it was: life-changing. That trip was the thing that really made me start seriously thinking, "How can I make the other 50 weeks of my year more like the two weeks when I'm dong stuff like that?"
Coincidentally, the other trip I went on that same summer gave me the answer to that question, but I didn't quite put two and two together right away. That August, I also went to Peru with another six high school students, teaching Bible Stories in Spanish at rural congregations in the mountains. It, too, was an unforgettable experience, one that solidified everything I had begun to suspect about myself during MEX04. One of the places we stayed in Peru was a compound owned by Wycliffe Bible Translators – did you hear that? Bible Translators – but my first reaction was "Wow. That's cool. But there can't be too many languages left without Bibles. They must be nearly done…"
It took me another year to figure out that no, "they" don't really have that almost done yet, and there are still thousands of languages without even a single verse of Scripture. And another fair bit of time to get myself in a position to be able to do something about it.
But the seed had been planted. The MEX04 trip had changed my life – or at least, it had changed me – and now, exactly ten years after that party, with the peanut butter tortillas, endless quotes, remembrances, stories, a soundtrack, commemorative t-shirts, and a silly powerpoint presentation, here I am in Zambia, serving full-time as the exegete and translation advisor for a project to translate the Bible into a brand-new language for the first time. Wow.
Sometimes the Lord works in mysterious ways. Sometimes, he chooses to use completely ordinary ones. Today, as I celebrate 40 years of God's amazing grace and mercy, I'm just happy he chose to use me for some of His awesome plans.
Thanks to all of you who have been a part of my journey all of these years.
Why don't we have that done yet?
"When I was in church last Sunday, there was so much Bemba being sung, and so much Chewa being preached, and so much English being prayed – I just wanted to get up and leave. Why can't we worship God in our own Nsenga language?"
So complained a man to me recently. I tried explaining to him that we're working as fast as we can. I enlisted his help to read some of our Nsenga drafts to look for errors and offer advice. I gave him a copy of the Gospel of Mark in Nsenga, to ask his priest if that could be read in church some Sunday – or at least, so the man could follow along in the pew.
But, for all of that, the man raises a valid point. Why can't all people worship God in their own mother-tongue? Why can't we all pray to God in the language of our hearts? Why can't everyone talk to God in the same language that they talk to their parents and children? When we're talking about the work of Bible translation – a major prerequisite for serious missionary endeavor – the question that many people are right to ask is this: "Why don't we have that done yet?"
The Ultimate Translation
In the first verses of John's Gospel, Jesus is identified as "the Word." John doesn't merely call Jesus "the Word of God" – he says that the Word is God: he was together with God in the beginning, active in creating all things, the true light that gives light to all people. Then, in perhaps one of the most jaw-dropping verses in Scripture, John declares with simple majesty: "The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us" (John 1:14). Wow. What a "translation!" I think it's tough to change Greek into English and Nsenga, but God managed to put "all the fullness of the Deity… in bodily form" (Colossians 2:9).
The incarnation of Jesus Christ is the ultimate act of translation. "Being in very nature God… [he] made himself nothing, taking the very nature of a servant" (Philippians 2:6-7). Not just a disguise of human skin – Jesus, while remaining God, truly became a human being. He did it to reach and identify with – and thereby save – human beings, as the writer to the Hebrews explains:
"Since the children have flesh and blood, he too shared in their humanity so that by his death he might destroy him who holds the power of death… He had to be made like his brothers in every way, in order that… he might make atonement for the sins of the people" (Hebrews 2:14-17).
Jesus is the ultimate "translation," already finished and perfected for us. Jesus is the Word, God, translated into human form. In a very real sense, the main work of translation has already been done – but not by us, for without Jesus' coming to earth there would be nothing worth translating. So then, in our translation of the Bible, we seek to connect believers to God through the word of the Gospel, even as God first connected himself to humanity through the Word, Jesus Christ made flesh.
All of this theology gives us some small insight into the challenge of Bible translation. "Why don't we have that done yet?" – because in many ways, the work of translation will never be done until the last believer comes to faith. The work of God's saving interaction with people began even before time itself, and continues anew each time the Holy Spirit brings another soul to faith through the means of grace, the gospel in Word and Sacrament.
The challenge of Bible translation is not only to try to grasp what God has revealed about himself in the Bible for ourselves, but also to bring that in a meaningful way to other people whose culture, language, and life experiences are vastly different from both our own, and that of the original Scripture writers.
Saying what we mean
A friend was leaving on a trip, and, since travel by road is pretty hazardous in Zambia, he asked some members of his congregation to pray for him. So, when he was about to leave, some friends came over to pray for him. They were very enthusiastically praying, putting their hands on his vehicle, raising their voices to God, and one of them cried, "We put the blood of Jesus on this car!"
After they were finished, my friend asked that man what he meant by "put the blood of Jesus" on the car. The man told him, "I was asking God to protect you on your journey." My friend asked him, "Then why didn't you just say that?"
Sometimes, we get very caught up in the fancy, traditional, "church-y" way of saying something, and we forget to just say what we mean. Sometimes when we translate the Bible, too, or use God's Word to talk to people, we just say what we've always said, the way we've always said it, and don't just say what we mean. "For God so loved the world…" – beautiful words, to be sure. But why not, "God loved the world so much…?"
We always want to emphasize communication of the message of Scripture, rather than a literal adherence to the grammatical or traditional form of the words. It's not an accurate rendering of a Greek hoti-clause that brings eternal life. It's not a slavish devotion to a cherished traditional rendering of our own favorite Bible passage which brings a person to faith in Jesus as Savior (like the man who once asked me if we were "translating the King James" into Nsenga). On the day of Pentecost, we see, instead, the Holy Spirit working through words that can be easily understood by their intended audience.
We don't require a certain grade-level of reading ability. We don't insist that people learn to read Greek, or English – or even their own language – to hear God's word read to them in a normal, everyday style. Yes, the Bible has some difficult concepts. Yes, deep things need to be carefully explained so that they are clearly understood (and just as importantly, not misunderstood!) But, without becoming a commentary on the Bible text, we want our translation to simply say what the Bible means.
Some challenges
I say "simply," but this is not an easy task. If we were just re-presenting the Greek structure, syntax, and vocabulary in Nsenga – like an interlinear or hyper-literal translation that didn't care so much about comprehensibility – we'd be done in no time. But one of the main reasons "why we don't have that done yet" is because we want to get it right – and by "right," we mean to make it well-understood by normal, everyday people.
One challenge that we face is vocabulary. Greek and Nsenga have precious little overlap in meaning of a lot of key terms. A multi-faceted word like charis ('grace') gets translated into Nsenga in several different ways, depending on how it's being used in the passage. Most distinctive are chisomo, referring to the underserved love God has in his heart for us, and chawanzi, the free gifts that God gives us because of that love. There is no one Nsenga word that accurately covers everything a Greek-speaking person meant by charis.
An expression like "the Day of the Lord" can cause problems – are we talking about Judgment Day, or just "the Lord's Day," Sunday? Of course, the context will tell, but usually we clarify "the Day of the Lord" into "they Day when Jesus will return" or "the Day when the Lord will judge all people." Complicating this issue is the Nsenga word for Sunday, which is Sabata. Of course, that's "Sabbath" – the day you go to church. But in the Bible, the Sabbath was Saturday. So, to make sure people know which Sabbath is being talked about, we say Sabata ya Ayuda, 'the Jewish Sabbath.'
In several places, the Bible talks about "inheritance," and says that believers are God's "heirs" (see especially Romans 8:17). However, Nsenga doesn't really have a similar practice of "inheriting" in this way. The closest word we have is chikolo, which actually refers to property which changes hands between families when two people get married. The translators felt that word didn't work in the "inheritance" context, so now we say that an "heir of God" is "a person who receives the blessings God promised."
Another challenge, as we try to say what we mean in Nsenga, is with the word(s) for the evil spirits that Jesus is always casting out of people. Nsenga has a well-developed vocabulary for different kinds of "spirits" – ancestor spirits, evil spirits, neutral spirit-beings, spirits which cause certain kinds of sickness, or give a person certain powers. So, we had a long discussion of what kinds of spirits might possess people, and what an Nsenga person would call the "spirits" we find in the Gospels, how such spirits would be dealt with, and so on. Then we picked a word. Then we changed our minds. We've changed our word for "evil spirit" three times already, and I'll be very surprised if the word we have now is what we end up publishing.
Even a traditional, familiar concept like "daily bread" might not communicate the message of the Scripture as well as we think it would. The staple food among the Nsengas isn't bread, it's nshima, a thick cornmeal porridge eaten with the hands. But we can't say, "give us this day our daily nshima," either, since people know that in Bible times people didn't eat nshima. However, "daily bread" requires a bit of mental effort to process, since bread is fancy Christmas food for many people. Better, perhaps, to say, "Please give us the food we need for this day" – and say what the Scripture means.
Sentence structure can sometimes present a problem too. When Jesus comes down from the mount of transfiguration, he meets a boy possessed by an evil spirit. The text says, "When the demon saw Jesus, he threw him to the ground" (Mark 9:20). Wait – who is throwing whom to the ground? If you know the context, you know that it's the spirit throwing the boy. But if you're not careful with your pronouns, your translation can make it look like Jesus is throwing people around, or worse – that the demon threw Jesus down!
A similar bit of pronoun reference brought a smile to everyone's face as we were proofreading the Christmas story. When the shepherds arrived, they found Mary and Joseph and the baby lying in a feeding box – all three of them together in the manger! Instead of just the baby, our word for "lying" applied to all three people! It was a "small" mistake, but how easy to introduce a misunderstanding.
Almost every day, we run into a question about how to communicate a certain concept clearly in Nsenga. Jesus can be a "friend" of Lazarus, but is the Nsenga word chiuza appropriate for that relationship? In the book of Hebrews, does the word "perfect" mean "sinless," or "brought to completion" – and what Nsenga word works best? Is the "Gospel" of Jesus the "Good words" or the "Good story" or the "Good report" – or is it OK to borrow the Chewa word that closely means "Good news," even though it's from another language? When we're talking about "sin" in the generic sense ("sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin"), should we use chimo (singular), machimo (plural) or uchimo (abstract; like "sinfulness")?
These linguistic issues are but one facet of the challenges facing a Bible translation project in Africa. Not only what word for "evil spirit" – but the effects that those very real spirits have on people, families and churches who are fighting a spiritual battle against the forces of darkness. Not merely how to translate "denarius" – but how to raise enough money to support full-time translators, and how to support the project from abroad without fostering a culture of dependency. Not simply typing words on a computer and printing them in books – but how to get the message out of the books and into the hearts of God's people, so that their lives are changed for Jesus Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit.
All of these challenges cause us to do three things, two of them good and one of them not-so-good. The not-so-good thing is that it causes us to slow down, delaying the day when that man and his million-plus fellow Nsengas will be able to read and pray and hear God's Word in their own language. But the two good things are much more important. First, the challenges drive us deeper into Scripture, so that we understand clearly what God is telling us in a particular verse. The other is that it causes us to look again at Nsenga language and culture, so that we can speak as clearly as possible to the Nsenga people of today, in their own language and forms of expression, to make God's Word come alive in their hearts.
One of our Nsenga reviewers returned an early draft of Mark with a bunch of penciled corrections and suggestions. But she also included this message for the team: "It is so encouraging. The books are well translated and well understood. We can meet Jesus face-to-face in the Bible."
"Meet Jesus face-to-face." What a powerful idea. Of course, I wouldn't think to picture a Bible reading as meeting Jesus "face-to-face." I'm sort of waiting for heaven to have that experience.
But think about it from this woman's perspective. All her life, she's been hearing about Jesus in a foreign language, Chewa or English. There has always been a veil, or a gap, or an obstacle in between her and her Savior. Most of her religious experience has been like what English teachers call "indirect discourse" – someone reporting secondhand the words of another: "God told me to tell you that he loves you and takes care of you." Not very convincing.
But imagine Jesus himself coming to you in your own mother-tongue and saying:
"Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For my yoke is easy and my burden is light" (Matthew 11:28-30).
That's as close to "face-to-face" as we're going to get this side of heaven!
It is our goal and prayer at the Nsenga Bible Translation Project that God would use the fruits of our labors to communicate directly with his Nsenga-speaking children, and that pastors and teachers and evangelists who minister among the Nsenga would have a powerful tool with which to do their work. Meanwhile, we work and pray and do our best to explain "why we don't have that done yet," so that many others around the world will join us, and the hundreds of other ongoing Bible translation efforts, in bringing the Word of God to the heart-language of people who are still waiting for it.
This article first appeared in the May/June 2014 issue of Connections magazine. It is reprinted here with permission.
Great Week!
With apologies for being a bit too quiet on the communication front lately, I have to say that this has been a really great week.
We FINALLY got mosquito-proof screens on every window of our house. They're beautiful, with nice wood frames that open and close easily so we can access the glass windows. Already our ankles are noticing a difference in the evenings!
I got a major chunk of my thesis research accomplished, working with the Nsenga translators to craft "proverb-sounding" translations of about 40 "proverb-like" sayings in the New Testament. I'm trying to help our translations of many of Jesus' short-and-sharp sayings to have the same rhetorical punch in Nsenga that they seemed to have in the original. With a lot of help from the team, I now have some great examples of these translations to work with.
On Tuesday I found out that I won the Thalassa Prize, a photography-and-writing award from my college alma mater. So that was pretty cool.
In the office, we have just finished checking Matthew and are making good progress to be ready for our big Reviewer Workshop at the end of the month.
Sean and Janine are getting really excited – in ten days they will be on a plane back to the States for furlough! Sean in particular is carefully deciding on all the things he wants to do and places he wants to go (restaurants mostly, it seems) as soon as he's back in America. Janine is very busy with packing for the trip and organizing the house for our long absence.
And tomorrow, we'll be in Chipata to celebrate the birthday and homecoming of a dear friend of ours who has been out of the country for six months. It will be great to see her and her family again.
All of this comes on the heels of a great visit from some friends of ours, cooler weather, and many other blessings.
And we got this cool sign at the office.
We hope things are going well for you also, and we look forward to seeing many of you soon!
As we mentioned in our latest newsletter, it's almost time for us to come back to the USA on furlough. Janine and Sean have plane tickets for 15 June; Chris will come about a month later after an important workshop and some field research for his MA Thesis project.
(If you want to brush up on your geography, our connections take us from Lusaka to Johannesburg to London to Chicago to Dayton, Ohio – about 22+ hours of flying time, plus layovers and time changes.)
What happens on a furlough?
Furlough is a time for a lot of things. Sean already has quite a list of things he wants to do and eat in the USA. Chris will spend about two months at GIAL finishing his MA in Applied Linguistics. We're all looking forward to some R&R with family and friends. Sean will attend 7th grade at Bethlehem Lutheran School in Fairborn OH. We'll get medical and dental checkups, new glasses prescriptions, and debriefings from our home office. We'll get to touch base with individuals and churches around the country who have supported us the past 3+ years, thank them for their gifts and prayers, and ask them to partner with us again for our next term of service in Zambia. We're also particularly excited about a special family vacation we'll get to take over Sean's birthday in April 2015.
How long will we stay?
Right now the plan is to stay in the US for about 9-10 months. This will give us time to do what we need, get some needed rest, and make sure Sean's school year is smooth and uninterrupted. If everything works out, Sean will also be confirmed before we return to Zambia. Chris will probably come back to Zambia in mid-May of 2015, and Janine and Sean will follow after the school year is over in June.
One more thing…
Being in the US is a bit more expensive than being in Africa. In addition to our plane tickets from Zambia to the US in 2014 and the return trip in 2015, there are just extra expenses associated with being on furlough. In addition to that, Sean's schooling could likely change dramatically in 8th grade (Fall 2015), which will impact our budget as well.
All of which is to say that we still rely on the generous contributions of our many faithful supporters while on furlough, and will be making contacts to try to develop more partnerships that will allow our work to continue through the publication of the Nsenga NT and on to whatever happens next.
If you already contribute financially to our work in Zambia – THANK YOU! If you would like to become one of our supporters, click the big red "Donate Now" button on the sidebar. A single gift is a great blessing, and an ongoing monthly donation helps to keep us in the field for the long-term duration of the project.
Our new Partnership Development goal is $21 per month, per day. That is, if a person gives $21 a month toward our project, at the end of a year that person will have supported one day of our work with the Nsenga Bible Translation Project that year. Whatever successes (or setbacks) we have enjoyed that day, you will have partnered with us in that. We'll even ask which day you want to choose, so we can fill our calendar with supporters' names and dates, and remember to pray for you especially on that day. Then, when we get 365 people supporting us at $21 per month (or fewer people giving bigger gifts), we will be fully-funded for our return and long-term stay in Zambia, helping to bring God's Word to the heart language of the Nsenga people.
God's blessings – and SEE YOU SOON!
Chris, Janine, and Sean


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View maps, photos, floorplans, videos, descriptions, schools, local amenities and more for Single-Family Home for rent at 1201 NE 83rd St Miami FL 33138: 9 bedrooms 9.5 bathrooms $19,500
Reduced again, brand new, over 10,000 sq. ft. custom waterfront estate home with all the amenities. Enjoy water views & deep water access to the Bay. Terrific floorplan for families & grand entertaining. This is a superstar''s playground with adjacent lot also for sale for possible golf, tennis, or basketball courts. Open grand kitchen w/double appliances w/ bar, living room & opens through French doors to covered BBQ area with summer kitchen & waterside pool & cabana. Staff quarters, double washer/dryer.
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|14 Jul 2009
Windows 7 7600.16384 x64
Virtual PC Beta Eval.
Just wanted to comment on how fast virtual machines run on Windows 7 with Virtual PC Beta and the Integration Features enabled. It is so awesomely fast! Its like Night and Day on a Vista Virtual PC. If you build one, run Vista, then enable the features, its like 10x faster.
I can't believe they go Aero working as well on a Windows 7 guest machine, when you are basically using a Remote Desktop Connection. Good Job MS!!!
Good job on the USB device sharing too!
My only gripe is that the network is soooo slow that it seriouly takes 10 min to transfer like 5MB. I am sure it will be worked out, but if I try to pull files from my Host machine, to the guest using the network adapter, it takes forever. So slow that the speed doesn't even register. It just finishes after about 10 minutes. No biggie though with the shared usb, I just plug in a pen drive and transfer them that way.
I am running a host machine of 7600 with guest machines of Windows XP SP3, Vista SP2 and a guest 7264.
|My System Specs
|15 Jul 2009
Windows 7 Ultimate x64, XP Mode, W8.1 Preview VM - 7 Pro x64 second remote tower
The XP mode has full access to all drives while the Vista installation only sees A=floppy, Virtual C=vhd, and dvd=dvd drive used for installation. You still see the usual Vista or XP mode startup time while the VPC loads Windows there.
The shutdown is a bit faster with a one tweak however! Shut Down -Speed Up
Besides 7 I tried that out on both the XP mode and Vista Home Premium vhd there. Once either is loaded up fully they run quite a bit smoother if you have noticed over a typical dual boot setup.
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Holiday hours: All MCPL locations will be closed by 5pm on Wed., 12/31, and closed all day Thu., 1/1.
Weird Science Show
Weird Science ShowThu., 7/17/14, 11:00am – 12:00pm @ MCPL Rothschild
This event has passed. View upcoming events.Children of all ages are invited to meet Doc Ron, a time-traveling student of Doc Brown from Back to the Future! He will perform several fun and interactive science experiments for all to enjoy.
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The Penetrators, the Bedbreakers
Wednesday, August 17th, 2011
and Manual Scan at the Casbah
(After collecting a lifetime achievement award at last week's San Diego Music Awards, the Penetrators performed Saturday at the Casbah Club, supported by fellow music veterans the Bedbreakers and Manual Scan. Che Underground: The Blog presents accounts of the evening by Sean McMullen, Gary Heffern and Kevin Donaker-Ring as well as a luminous selection of photos by Mr. McMullen.)
It was a full moon, I remember, and I was already sweating and thirsty after walking down from Banker's Hill to the club, but couldn't seem to get past the patio to the bar for a bubbly cold Tecate due to the onslaught of embracing and handshakes and stories that followed. Every one of these nights serves to reinforce the depth of this bizarre alter-family I have collected since I was a wild-eyed runt getting dropped off at Golden Hall for a Penetrators show, amongst others, full circle.
Indeed there are few things in my life as gratifying as seeing people who used to revolt and butt heads like rams getting along with so much love and joy and pride. And the sheer fact that we remain so devoted to our music, to this town and each other, speaks volumes of the magnitude of our youth, and how we carry it forward incessantly with age.


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'Fantastic TV for the price!'
'Smart TV Apps selection is solid for the price '
'Excellent value and the Passive 3D is really amazing'
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'LG 32LK450 32" LCD 1080p 60Hz HDTV'
'No Regrets!'
'did yours comes with a body stand?'
'Something seems "off"'
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We are currently aggregating 360,836 reviews
covering over 28,844 products. See what the press says about ReviewGist here.
The Best Cellphone Buying Guide for 2014 is the definitive starting point for your next cellphone purchase.
© 2007-14 ReviewGist.com. All Rights Reserved.


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It's getting chilly, but it's not quite time to break out the thermo-bib. You're caught between equally unappealing options of sweating like crazy in your winter apparel or being dry but cold in your spring bib. The Giordana Body Clone Leg Warmers alleviate the need to ever sacrifice comfort. Constructed from advanced materials and featuring the best fit Giordana offers, the Body Clone Leg Warmers offer a warm, breathable option that will help you to lay rubber on the pavement on the colder days.
The Giordana Body Clone Leg Warmers feature a unique variable-density construction throughout the garment. Knowing that you don't need a bulky collection of fabric throughout an entire warmer, Giordana designed Body Clone to shape the contours of your muscles by going lighter or heavier on fabric where it's actually beneficial. The result is a leg warmer that fits precisely. The form fit promotes light compression, and also increases the capacity for moisture transfer. To ensure maximum wicking, the Body Clone Leg Warmers uses the patented Dryarn fabric -- a durable, lightweight, and highly-insulating material. For extra comfort, the Body Clone construction is nearly seamless, with the few existing seams using a durable four-needle flat-stich that goes unnoticed on the skin.
The Giordana Body Clone Leg Warmers are available in sizes Small/Medium and Large/X-Large and in the color Black.
Share your thoughts
What do you think of the
Giordana Body Clone Leg Warmers
? Share a...
Quite nice
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
I'm in Minnesota and these have been used several times now in temperatures from the 30s to the 40s and have performed remarkably well. They do not have much in the way of wind protection, but they don't seem to need it as they keep you comfortably warm, even in the upper 30s. They also breath quite well and are very comfortable even in the upper 40s. If you just want to be comfortable and not have to wear tights, I could even see using them in the 50s. I've even had them in the rain, and they still kepts me comfortable, not dry but comfortable. They fit like a second skin and are very comfortable with virtually no chaffing.
is the material UV protective?
is the material UV protective?


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Vännäs, Sweden, 2012 | From the project Frozen.
Beautiful work !!!
Click on the link below to view your feature and congratulate your fellow artists
Still Life Fine Art and Food Photography ~ FEATURES ~ November 8th, 2012
Hi Evita. Thanks for feauturing my work in your group!
– Bjarte Edvardsen


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British Government@LSE is a School-wide initiative, developed and led by the Government Department, to promote research, teaching and engagement about government, politics and policy in Britain. It builds on the long tradition of links between LSE, Westminster and Whitehall. Recent developments in British politics, including the decline of the traditional 'two-party' system, devolution to Scotland and Wales, constitutional reform, the Coalition government and the UK's complex relationship with the EU strengthen the need for analysis and public engagement about results. BG@LSE will act as a focus for research and teaching. It also manages a programme of public lectures, seminars, symposia and visiting speaker programmes addressing scholars, civil and public servants and all students of British politics.
British Government at LSE is now on Facebook. We will be regularly updating the page with new events and publications. If you're a Facebook user, like us!
Upcoming Events:
Diane Abbott on London: A Tale of Two Cities
Date: Wednesday 22nd October 2014
Time: 18:30 – 20:00
Venue: CLM 4.02
Tickets: First Come, First Served
The lecture will focus on the challenges facing London as a city and policy ideas to address these, chiefly the growing nature of inequality in London, the city's growing population, the escalating housing crisis, the impact of welfare reform, and the effects of the health and social care act on public health. Additionally, the talk will seek to address the issue of powers available to City Hall in the light of the devolution question.
Diane Abbott is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Hackney North and Stoke Newington since 1987, when she became the first black woman to be elected to the House of Commons. In 2010, Abbott became Shadow Public Health Minister after unsuccessfully standing for election to the leadership of the Labour Party. She tweets as @HackneyAbbott
Twitter: #LSEAbbott
Contact: email@example.com
Book Launch: The Fourth Revolution The Global Race to Reinvent The State
Date: 10th November
Time: 18:30 – 20:00
Venue: Sheikh Zayed Theatre
Speakers: John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge
Is Britain falling behind in the global race to reinvent the state? Britain has led previous attempts to reinvent the state, from the Hobbesian security revolution of the 17th century, to the liberal, meritocratic revolution of the 19th century, to the welfare revolution of the early 20th century. We are now embarked on a new revolution, driven by IT, unsustainable debts and the rise of emerging markets. But Britain is much less well placed to lead this revolution.
John Micklethwait is the Editor-in-Chief of The Economist.
Adrian Wooldridge is The Economist's management editor and writes the Schumpeter column
They have previously co-authored five books together: "The Witch Doctors", "A Future Perfect", "The Company", "The Right Nation" and "God is Back".
Past British Government @LSE Events.
You can listen to past British Government @ LSE event podcasts online.


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22 posts
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28 posts
Whatever activity you tackle, north face denali


text: AR Quad Rail 6.75" Length by Barska Forend Quad Rails. Four picatinny-style rails for flashlights, lasers and/or other accessories. Designed to dissipate heat from rifle barrel. Compatible with AR-15, M16, M4 and other standard military AR carbine platforms. 2 piece free floating AR platform. Features 14 sections Backed by a 1-Year Limited Warranty.Be the first to leave a comment for this product.


text: Does your company use workflows on a Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 site? This template contains training content about including people outside your organization in your workflows. This content is geared for a corporate trainer to present to a group. Students taking this course should know how to start the Approval and Collect Feedback workflows and understand how they work. Or, they can take the Microsoft Office Online training presentations titled, "Workflows I: Basics you should know" and "Workflows II: Collect feedback for a file."


text:
Most young entrepreneurs we talked to say they don't belong to any lobbying group but would sign up if an association fought for their issues. Says Wertheim-Zohar, "There are a lot of issues that aren't being addressed for this generation. We have the stigma of youth, and [in order] for people to listen, I think we have to rally together."
Maybe for someone reading out there, this could be a new business start-up?
Like this article? Get this issue right now on iPad, Nook or Kindle Fire.
This article was originally published in the January 2000 print edition of Entrepreneur with the headline: Let's Get Political.


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Welcome to Royal Gold Australia Pty Ltd a premier regional Physical Gold Trading Company. If you're considering sheltering from the global financial crisis, you've come to the right website to purchase gold bullion. We specialise in PAMP Suisse Gold Bullion Royal Gold Australia Pty Ltd helps savvy investors like you protect your portfolio from the risks of the global financial system, government intrusion and those increasingly rickety fiat currencies.
Among all the precious metals in the world, gold is the most popular; it is also a symbol of wealth. Gold has been used throughout history as money and has been a relative standard for currency equivalents specifics to economic regions or countries. Individuals buy gold to serve as a hedge against economic political and currency crises. Gold is the preferred commodity due to its market stability and continuous demand. Companies buy gold for industry use. Central banks buy gold as part of its capital reserve. Nonetheless, like any other traded commodity, the gold market is also subject to speculation through futures contracts and options.
We seek to educate and encourage everyone to hold Physical Gold Bullion as an excellent hedge against inflation and to present any deterioration of their purchasing power due to possible weakening of its national currency.


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Philip Morris International (PMI) Announces New Three-Year Share Repurchase Program Of $18 Billion And Declares Regular Quarterly Dividend Of $0.77 Per Share
Regulatory News:
The Board of Directors of Philip Morris International Inc. (NYSE / Euronext Paris: PM) today announced a new three-year share repurchase program of $18 billion. It is anticipated that the new program will be initiated August 1, 2012, following completion of the existing three-year program of $12 billion which began in May 2010 and which will conclude ahead of schedule. As previously announced, PMI has a share repurchase target for 2012 of $6.0 billion.
The Board of Directors of Philip Morris International Inc. today also declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.77 per common share, payable on July 12, 2012, to stockholders of record as of June 27, 2012. The ex-dividend date is June 25, 2012.
"Since our spin-off from Altria Group, Inc. in March 2008, we have returned, on a cumulative basis, nearly $40 billion to our shareholders through dividends and share repurchases," said Louis C. Camilleri, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer."Our announcements today are a further testament to our steadfast commitment to generously reward our shareholders over the long-term." For more details on stock, dividends and other information, see www.pmi.com/investors. Philip Morris International Inc . Philip Morris International Inc. (PMI) is the leading international tobacco company, with seven of the world's top 15 international brands, including Marlboro, the number one cigarette brand worldwide. PMI's products are sold in approximately 180 countries. In 2011, the company held an estimated 16.0% share of the total international cigarette market outside of the U.S., or 28.1% excluding the People's Republic of China and the U.S. For more information, see www.pmi.com.
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Specifications, Availability and Pricing
Starting with the head unit of the Performer we receive a 220mA pump and transfer plate combination unit that is round and thin. The black plastic housing holds the pump near the top as the coolant is passed under it, through a Skived, copper heat plate. Skiving is basically taking a block and cutting super thin fins and grooves in it that allows the coolant to absorb the heat from the CPU under the plate. This plate uses ten screws to mount the plate to the head unit with very even pressure leaving the mating surface very flat. Out of the head unit, there are two 90 degree fittings used with a 12" length of black rubber tubing attaching the head unit to the radiator. One other major bonus is the addition of a locking ring to the mounting hardware. So now the top plate doesn't flop around like a dead fish, it sits there locked and in place, ready to have the mounting screws put into place.
The radiator looks like it hasn't undergone much of a change from the other units I have previously tested. It is still an aluminum core that allows the heated coolant to be run through it. The black, 25mm thick radiator will accept any 120mm fan on its standard mounting holes, but Thermaltake equips this kit with a pair of PLA12025S12HH-LV fans and a Y-adapter to connect them easily to the CPU fan header on your motherboard. These fans are proven choices for Thermaltake, as they were used on some of their air coolers previously and can deliver 81 CFM of airflow with a rated noise level of 27.3 dBA at 2000 RPM. These PWM powered fans should suffice nicely with the tightly finned radiator.
As of this moment I can easily buy the Water 2.0 Performer direct from Thermaltake for $79.99 plus another $12 to get the unit to my door via UPS Ground. I thought I would look around to see if I could better this deal, as any money saved is a bonus in my book. What I am finding is that Newegg is the only other current listing and they too are asking $79.99, but are offering free shipping on their units. Even though currently supplies are limited to only a few locations in the US, with a bit of time, the Water2.0 Performer will be available anywhere you can find Thermaltake products.
To be blunt it has been quite some time since I tested an AIO cooler, but from what I remember then, I don't have great expectations out of the box for this cooler. However, it has been redesigned, the fat was trimmed and hopefully we have a leaner and meaner AIO liquid cooler in these new Thermaltake units.


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<- Want to contribute to the campaign right now by credit card? Here you go! ->
Photos on the Pictures page (we want your photos, but please wait for our new Web site, coming soon!) were updated 6/6/14.
Don't forget to check out the current information posted at the kiosk at the
base of the Canyon Trail.
We are a group of local residents who came together in early 2003 to see if we could preserve our local ridges for their scenic view and as open space. We believed something must be done before their beauty was permanently changed by irreversible development. When we learned that 574 acres was for sale on the crest and slopes of Badger Mountain, our goal became to acquire this land to be held as open space. We named ourselves the Friends of Badger Mountain.
News Articles on Ridge Events and Preservation Efforts.


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Your New Hangover Remedy Is In The Children's Medicine Section
Lamenting the fact that his hangovers were getting worse as he got older, one Slate writer ran to the local drugstore on the advice of musician Jason Isbell. Pedialyte, Isbell told The New York Times Magazine, will get you back to form. "It's like 10 Gatorades in one bottle." When he got to the store, he was even more excited to find that Pedialyte comes in freezer pop form.
The next morning, after a night at the bar, Nell McShane Wulfhart needed one of those Pedialyte pops. "Cold, sweet, and refreshing, the pops were the most pleasant way I'd ever found to get fluids back into my body," he says.
All of that is great, but Pedialyte is really meant to help sick children with the occasional tummy ache, not a lush adult who has bellied up to the bar a couple times too many. So is this the kind of off-label use that works in Pedialyte's favor?


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by Gene Callahan
Ronald Bailey of Reason Magazine has attempted to dismiss the complaints of those objecting to medical research that uses stem cells culled from embryos. (The embryos are destroyed in the culling process.) He bases his dismissal on recent advances in applied biology. Bailey says:
That brings us to the question of whether the embryos from which stem cells are derived are persons. The answer: Only if every cell in your body is also a person.
You see, Bailey informs us:
Each skin cell, each neuron, each liver cell is potentially a person. All that's lacking is the will and the application of the appropriate technology. Cloning technology like that which famously produced the Scottish sheep Dolly in 1997 could be applied to each of your cells to potentially produce babies (a mammary cell was used to create Dolly).
At first reading, one may pause. I certainly don't want to be charged with murder for showering and washing away a few skin cells, now, do I? But, on closer inspection, it turns out that nothing in the argument has any bearing on the question at hand!
Those opposed to stem cell research should not base their opposition on the notion that embryos could become people; they should base it on the idea that they are people. Biology has nothing to tell us about this categorization, because what is being discussed is an ethical, not a biological, category. The question is not: What entities, biologically speaking, should be classified as people? It is: What entities, ethically speaking, should be classified as people?
Imagine that the dreams of A.I. researchers come true, and they succeed in creating an entity indistinguishable from an average human, in respect to its mental life. There will be a strong ethical case for considering this entity to be, ethically speaking, a person. (In other words, all rights considered appropriate to humans would apply to this artificial fellow as well.) Arguments from biologists that his physical makeup was unlike that of humans would rightly be set aside as irrelevant.
Bailey goes on to say:
Like turning the key in the ignition to begin a journey, simply starting a human egg on a particular path, either through fertilization or cloning, is a necessary condition for developing a human being, but it isn't sufficient. A range of other conditions must also be present. Those conditions include the availability of a suitable environment such as a woman's womb. (Some 40 percent of embryos produced naturally do not implant and so never develop into babies.)
Well, mere implantation in a womb isn't enough either, is it? For one thing, the baby must be left there, in other words, not aborted. The mother must remain alive. And even after birth, the baby is far from being fully human in terms of its capabilities; nor is simply being born a sufficient condition to ensure completion of that process. The baby, being completely helpless, must have food and shelter supplied to it, among other requirements.
So, by this criterion, no one except an adult human of full capabilities has a right to any protection against murder. (This may seem too ludicrous for anyone to believe, but "ethicist" Peter Singer has arrived at conclusions nearly as repugnant.) And even this limit is not given to us by biology – there are no biological facts indicating that murder should be forbidden. The fact that biology yields no argument supporting the protection of embryos is not surprising, given that it yields no such argument for the protection of fetuses, infants, toddlers, are human adults, either. No biological facts can possibly be of such a nature.
Consider a situation where some parasite is decimating the human population. A biological view of what is occurring is an abstract description of various biological processes involving the humans and the parasites. Ideas positing the parasite as "good" or "evil," or contending that it should (or shouldn't) be stopped play no part in a true biological description of the plague.
Bailey is, as Michael Oakeshott would put it, trying to drag arguments from one abstract realm (the physical sciences) over into another (ethics). Oakeshott says in Experience and Its Modes, "And the result of all such attempts is the most subtle and insidious of all forms of error – irrelevance."
When a biologist says something like, "Humans should not attempt to genetically modify plants," he is not speaking as a biologist, but as an ethicist. His training in biology gives him no special expertise in addressing the issue at hand. The findings of biology can yield us knowledge of the consequences of certain actions, but that is entirely orthogonal to deciding if we should welcome those consequences.
The road to a coherent ethical view of stem cell research runs not through the biological facts about what cellular processes are occurring, but through the contemplation of human action. Human action attempts to move us from what is to what ought to be. Practical ethics is the effort to create a coherent world of what ought to be. Ethics can (and should) employ knowledge from other modes of experience in its judgments. As Professor Leland Yeager points out, in Ethics as Social Science, it is an error to recommend as ethical something that the laws of physics, biology, chemistry, or economics tell us is impossible. The attempt to move from what is to what ought to be must also be an attempt to move from what is to what could be. But other than by delimiting the realm of what is possible, the sciences can never produce final answers to ethical questions. And the question of who, for ethical purposes, should be considered a person is an ethical, not a biological, question.
Bailey lists several good things that could come from stem cell research: "…stem cells derived from human embryos could possibly cure a host of degenerative illnesses such as Parkinson's disease, arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, and cirrhosis of the liver." Such nave consequentialism cannot generate a coherent ethical world. As Oakeshott points out, such a formulation doesn't answer ethical questions but merely pushes them into the future. If we have no criteria by which to decide what is good today other than the results that it will bring tomorrow, then we similarly have no way to decide what things are good tomorrow other than deferring the answer to the day after tomorrow. We first must decide what ought to be. Only then can we move on to the issue of what actions will bring about that state of affairs.
Even given that all of the wonders promised by stem cell research are delivered, the result would not be an ethically coherent world. As Michael Novak says:
In what kind of world will the persons now cured by new medical techniques live? … A world without the habit of heeding moral principles, when the heat of desire waxes hot. A world in which the human life of the vulnerable must yield to the pragmatism of the sophisticated and the powerful. A world in which utilitarianism turns all human beings, in principle, into means, not ends.
The difference between ethical and unethical behavior lies in the intention of the human actor. If a doctor, using the best medical knowledge available, undertakes the optimum-known treatment, and yet kills the patient, we do not consider him to have behaved unethically. If the problem with this treatment is discovered a year later, his behavior does not retroactively become unethical. Conversely, someone who fires a gun at an innocent person, while believing it is loaded with live ammunition, has behaved unethically. If it turns out he was mistaken, and the gun was loaded with blanks, his behavior doesn't retroactively become ethical.
The people doing embryonic stem cell research are deliberately starting a human life in order to "harvest" that life for medical purposes. When I shower and wash skin cells down the drain, this is not the case. The fact that I could have flipped a few genetic switches and started these skins cells toward independent life is irrelevant. Only if I deliberately did so start them would the case of the skin cells and that of the stem cells be ethically analogous. It is the intention of the human actors involved that is of ethical interest, not the biological nature of what is in their petri dish or septic tank.
In arguing that all human cells could be used to begin a human life and therefore should be considered in the same category as embryos, Bailey is taking on a position that no one (that I know of, anyway) holds. Does anyone hold the position that every sperm cell and egg cell produced by any human body anywhere must be used to try to create a human life? If, one day, nanotechnology can create embryos out of pond water, is there someone who is going to argue that pond water deserves human rights?
Perhaps there is an ethical case that could be made for stem cell research. But Bailey's article does not make it, and no compendium of biological facts possibly could do so.
Gene Callahan [send him mail] has just finished a book, Economics for Real People, to be published this year by the Ludwig von Mises Institute.
2001, Gene Callahan and Stu Morgenstern


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WELCOME TO THE MARKET…Warm pies right out of the oven, produce straight from the field and your favorite gourmet foods in the middle of an apple orchard that dates back to the 1850's.
Gourmet Foods
The best candies, jams, teas, soups, spices and much more. Soergel's private label items offer all your farm favorites and are nice gifts for out-of-towners.
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Want a quick and easy mix or the best raw ingredients, check out our baking section. We carry a large selection of King Arthur Flour ingredients and mixes you won't find in other stores. Visit Kitchen Corner for the latest gadgets and other handy items to help get the job done.
Soergel's Locally Roasted Coffee
In partnership with a local Coffee Roaster, Soergel's has developed a line a of fresh roasted coffee in a variety of family-selected flavors. Available whole bean or grind it right here at the market.
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The best bakeware, kitchen gadgets and seasonal necessities for every cook's kitchen.


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For nearly 100 years, it has been known that insufficient iodine levels can lead to lowered IQ levels in children. Australian researchers studied whether children born to mothers with mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy have poorer educational outcomes in elementary school as compared to peers whose mothers did not have mild gestational iodine deficiency. All of the children grew up in an "iodine-replete environment" – that means they had access to iodized salt and other dietary sources of iodine which are thought to maintain iodine sufficiency. The children were followed for nine years where they were assessed with standardized tests.
The researchers found that nine years later, as compared to children of mothers who did not have mild iodine deficiency in pregnancy, mildly iodine-deficient pregnant women's children experienced significant reductions in spelling, grammar and English literacy. The authors summarized their findings by stating, "This study provides preliminary evidence that even mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy can have long-term adverse impacts on fetal neurocognition that are not ameliorated by iodine sufficiency during childhood." (J. Clin. Endcrin. and Metab. May, 2013. 98(5):1954-62)
Comment: Folks, this is another in a long list of studies which show that maternal iodine deficiency adversely affects their IQ of children. Iodine is a crucial substance needed for normal neurological and brain development of the fetus. Inadequate iodine intake of the mother can have long-term ramifications, as shown in this study.
This is an important study. It reiterates what I have been writing about – iodine deficiency is a present-day problem. At my office, we have now tested over 6,000 patients for their iodine levels. I can assure you that iodine deficiency is occurring at epidemic rates – over 96% of our patients have tested low in iodine. Most have tested for severely low iodine levels. Those are my statistics. The U.S. Government's statistics from NHANES show that almost 60% of pregnancy-aged women are suffering from inadequate iodine intake. Iodine deficiency should be considered a national emergency.


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Game Questions & Answers (Q&A) service lets you ask questions about video games for game consoles or PC games. So ask your Stupid Zombies 2 question for Android and get answers from real gamers or answer questions and share your insights and experience with the rest of the gaming community.
- Developer: GameResort LLC
- Publisher: GameResort LLC
- Genre: Action General
- Release Date: Oct 26, 2012
- ESRB: Not Set
Question & Answers
Answer from: hdman
You have to change to the female and aim to the right of her left foot. It will ricochet around and get him. The male shooter wont work.
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Art Show: Mara Held
Using an elaborate process of her own invention, this New Yorkbased painter transforms patterns found in nature into colorful, lyrical abstractions
By Vicky Lowry
Today she works in a rustic studio (originally a bull barn) on an old dairy farm in upstate New York that her father bought and renovated in the 1960s. Inspirations for her paintings are both tacked to a back wall—there are topographical maps and a photograph of a waterfall in the Catskills—as well as just outside the studio windows in the undulating landscape of the property. But Held points out that she's not a painter of ideas: "It's more that I have a thought or a feeling—that something has intrigued me, and I want to explore it in my own language."
Gates of Cilicia, 2011


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Chef Landsberg to Guest Chef at Four Seasons Hotel
Friday, April 20
Wednesday, April 25
Friday, April 20 - Wednesday, April 25
Friday, April 20 - Wednesday, April 25
Four Seasons Hotel at Marunouchi, Tokyo, Japan
Executive Chef Michael Landsberg has been honored with an invitation to spend a week as guest chef at the prestigious Four Seasons Hotel in Tokyo, Japan.
Chef Landsberg will spend a week preparing several special meals, a cooking class and a delectable 5 course gala dinner. Each course will be thoughtfully paired with a Northwest wine from our critically acclaimed portfolio.
For more information, read our blog and visit the Four Seasons website.


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I can't begin to tell you how much I have moaned and groaned about the lack of "big events" in the city. How there is just nothing going on and that my "seen it all, done it all" ways would let me enjoy. I can confidently say that the wait is over. The time has come to kick start Birmingham's nightlife into super high octane gear!
Insomniac known for their hugely successful Electric Daisey Carnivals, Beyond Wonderland, and Nocturnal Festivals have teamed up with local Birmingham promotions Fine Spun to bring us Fusion – West Coast vs East Coast with headliners Klever and Shortee. Fine Spun have even put up a guarantee of sorts. If you're not happy with the event you'll get on the guest list to another party if you come to this event and aren't satisfied! They are that sure (as am I) that this event will rock…HARD.
For the most complete run down of the event head over here: http://www.facebook.com/?page=1&sk=messages&tid=1443221419035#!/event.php?eid=199381113421805
Limited Advance Tickets Here: http://fla.vor.us/188372-Klever-and-Shortee-tickets/Klever-and-Shortee-Birmingham-Crush-Night-Club-April-02-2011.html
To give you just a taste of what's in store for you come April 2nd peep this video of the DMC Champ DJ Klever.
Dj Klever @ Dirtyphonics [HD]


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In some countries, part of the indemnity element is provided from Government funds (or those of an employer) and this results in a reduced subscription, which reflects all the membership benefits except indemnity against negligence claims. However, very few employees are given precise details of the scope and extent of any professional indemnity provided by their employer, and in some situations the employer may either refuse to provide the individual employee with any such indemnity, or alternatively may make a claim against the employee for 'contribution and indemnity' comprising a financial contribution to any settlement that the employer is required to (or elects to) make, as a result of an act or omission on the part of the employee, as well as any associated legal costs.
Members in employer-indemnified membership grades, while paying a reduced subscription, may still apply to Dental Protection for assistance and support in the above situation.
Understand the benefits of having your own personal indemnity to supplement any employed indemnity provided for dentists employed by Universities and Dental Schools
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Learn why it is essential to have your own personal indemnity in addition to the statutory indemnity provided by the NHS for dentists employed by hospital trusts
Learn about the importance personal indemnity in addition to the statutory indemnity provided by NHS Trusts when working in the Community Dental Service
Dental Protection Limited is registered in England (No. 2374160) and is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Medical Protection Society Limited (MPS) which is registered in England (No.36142). Both companies use Dental Protection as a trading name and have their registered office at 33 Cavendish Square, London W1G 0PS.
Dental Protection Limited serves and supports the dental members of MPS with access to the full range of benefits of membership, which are all discretionary, and set out in MPS's Memorandum and Articles of Association. MPS is not an insurance company. Dental Protection® is a registered trademark of MPS.


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White House Meeting A Last Stab At A Fiscal Deal
The two sides also confronted a divide over estate taxes.
Obama favors a higher tax than is currently in effect, but one senior Republican, Sen. Jon Kyl of Arizona, said he's "totally dead set" against it. Speaking of fellow GOP lawmakers, he said they harbor more opposition to an increase in the estate tax than to letting taxes on income and investments rise at upper levels.
Also likely to be included in the negotiations are taxes on dividends and capital gains, both of which are scheduled to rise with the new year. Also the alternative minimum tax, which, if left unchanged, could hit an estimated 28 million households for the first time with an average increase of more than $3,000.
In addition, Obama and Democrats want to prevent the expiration of unemployment benefits for about 2 million long-term jobless men and women, and there is widespread sentiment in both parties to shelter doctors from a 27 percent cut in Medicare fees.The White House has shown increased concern about a possible doubling of milk prices if a farm bill is not passed in the next few days, although it is not clear whether that issue, too, might be included in the talks. One Republican who was briefed on the White House meeting said Boehner made it clear he would leave in place spending cuts scheduled to take effect unless alternative savings were included in any compromise to offset them. If he prevails, that would defer politically difficult decisions on curtailing government benefit programs like Medicare until 2013. Success was far from guaranteed in an atmosphere of political mistrust â¿¿ even on a slimmed-down deal that postponed hard decisions about spending cuts into 2013 â¿¿ in a Capitol where lawmakers grumbled about the likelihood of spending the new year holiday working. In a brief appearance in the White House briefing room, Obama referred to "dysfunction in Washington," and said the American public is "not going to have any patience for a politically self-inflicted wound to our economy. Not right now."
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Sprint's Clearwire Offer Raises New Spending Questions
NEW YORK ( TheStreet) - After AT&T (T) unveiled an ambitious $22 billion-a-year capital spending plan earlier in December, it took less than a week for industry also-ran Sprint (S) to jump on the bandwagon, according Craig Moffett, a telecoms analyst at Bernstein Research and a noted industry bear.
Early on Thursday, Sprint offered to buy a remaining 48% stake in 4G wireless broadband service Clearwire (CLWR) for $2.90 a share, or roughly $2.1 billion in cash. While the proposed deal would cement a long-expected takeover drama and turn Clearwire into one of the top arbitrage trades of 2012, the bigger implication may be on Sprint.
The deal may signal Sprint is poised to dramatically boost its capital spending in coming years, after being the thriftiest of players in a telecom sector marked by the big ticket wireless spending plans of AT&T (T) and Verizon (VZ). For Sprint investors and, most notably, Softbank - the Japanese investing conglomerate that just announced a deal to buy the company - a bump-up in spending may come as a surprise and hit bottom line earnings metrics.
"Perhaps the biggest take-away from the announcement this morning that Sprint's Board of Directors has authorized a take-over of the remaining 49% of Clearwire is this: Sprint's capital intensity will rise," wrote Moffett, in a Thursday note to clients.Now that Sprint is unequivocally placing its network bets on Clearwire, the issue is the corresponding spending needed to convert the service into a national 4G option. Notably, Clearwire's 2.5-GHz spectrum will require significant cell tower spending - roughly double the lower band spectrum of MetroPCS (PCS)- T-Mobile - to reach a nationwide audience, according to Moffett's calculations. "
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Definitions for unitarianism
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word unitarianism
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
U•ni•tar•i•anˌyu nɪˈtɛər i ən(n.)
a member of a liberal religious denomination founded upon the doctrine that God is one being, and giving each congregation complete control over its affairs.
Category: Religion
Ref: Compare Unitarian Universalist.
(l.c.) a person who maintains that God is one being, rejecting the doctrine of the Trinity.
Category: Religion
(l.c.) an advocate of unity or centralization, as in government.
(adj.)of or pertaining to the Unitarians or their doctrines.
Category: Religion
(l.c.) unitary.
Origin of Unitarian:
1680–90; < NL ūnitāri(us) (L ūnit(ās)unity+-ārius -ary ) + -an1
Princeton's WordNet
Christian doctrine that stresses individual freedom of belief and rejects the Trinity
The belief in a single God, not divided into any aspects, particularly when presented as a contrast to Christian trinitarianism.
The religious belief that God is a single Person.
(beginning in 1565) The religion of the Unitarian Church of Transylvania
(beginning in 1774) The religion of the General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches
(1825-1961) The religion of the American Unitarian Association
(beginning in 1961) Short for the religion known as Unitarian Universalism
Webster Dictionary
the doctrines of Unitarians
Unitarianism is a religious theological movement named for its understanding of God as one person, in direct contrast to Trinitarianism, which defines God as three persons coexisting consubstantially as one being. Thus, Unitarians contend that main-line Christianity does not adhere to strict monotheism as they do, maintaining that Jesus was a prophet, and in some sense the "son" of God, but not God himself. For most of its history, Unitarianism has been known for the rejection of several conventional Protestant doctrines besides the Trinity, including the soteriological doctrines of original sin and predestination, and, in more recent times, biblical inerrancy. In J. Gordon Melton's Encyclopedia of American Religions it is classified among "the 'liberal' family of churches". The Unitarian movement, although not called "Unitarian" initially, began almost simultaneously in Poland-Lithuania and Transylvania in the mid-sixteenth century. Among the adherents were a significant number of Italians. In England the first Unitarian Church was established in 1774 on Essex Street, London, where today's British Unitarian headquarters are still located. The first official acceptance of the Unitarian faith on the part of a congregation in America was by King's Chapel in Boston, from where James Freeman began teaching Unitarian doctrine in 1784, and was appointed rector and revised the Prayer Book according to Unitarian doctrines in 1786.
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What do you think? Give us your opinion. Anonymous comments allowed.
#3 - ninjacowboy ONLINE (01/29/2013) [-]
...That's Oklahoma State. Now I feel like I missed out by not going on campus this morning, but those Segway cops are entertaining to watch.
#5 to #4 - ninjacowboy ONLINE (01/29/2013) [-]
Depends on your major I guess. The engineering and ag here is fantastic, but I don't know about the education majors. The campus is really nice too, and the city around it has enough to get what you need. I enjoy it here.
#64 to #6 - BIGSEXYISBACKAGAIN (01/30/2013) [-]
****** .
#10 to #6 - fythethefallen (01/29/2013) [-]


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2012 Maryland Congressional Election Results
Updated On: Nov 07 2012 06:35:40 AM EST
U.S. Sen. Ben Cardin and all eight of Maryland's members of Congress were up for re-election in 2012.
By 9 p.m. Tuesday, the Associated Press called every race for the incumbents except for Western Maryland's now contentious Sixth District, where longtime Republican incumbent Rep. Roscoe Bartlett lost to Democratic challenge John Delaney.
Find the results below. (mobile users tap here)
Copyright 2012 by WBALTV.com. The Associated Press contributed to this report. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.