text:
Did The Witnesses Predict the United Nations in Advance?
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|posted Fri, 19 Jun 2009 21:01:00 GMT(6/19/2009)
Post 1870 of 4834
Joined 5/14/2001
It's been reported on this forum that Bethel speakers at this summer's conventions are asserting that the establishment of the United Nations in 1945 was predicted in advance by the Witnesses. This is being presented as validation of the claim that the Witnesses are God's one true organization directed by holy spirit.
|TJ - iAmCleared2Land
|posted Fri, 19 Jun 2009 21:10:00 GMT(6/19/2009)
Post 577 of 661
Joined 2/13/2007
Well, if you want to know if the winner of the war was predicted in Knorr's discourse, you can go listen to it, thanks to the Internet and Open Source:
Interesting that the chairman introduces the speaker as "Mr. Knorr", not "Brother Knorr". I wonder if that's because it was a Public Address broadcast on the radio? I'm fairly certain they were using the terminology Brother/Sister by then.
|posted Fri, 19 Jun 2009 21:29:00 GMT(6/19/2009)
Post 26806 of 37886
Joined 5/28/2001
No, the charter was signed in January 1942 and in the news.
|posted Fri, 19 Jun 2009 21:39:00 GMT(6/19/2009)
Post 11399 of 24022
Joined 10/11/2001
A little JW kid in Africa was named "Brother Knorr"..Lucky Kid!...........................LOL!!...OUTLAW
|posted Fri, 19 Jun 2009 23:50:00 GMT(6/19/2009)
Post 12830 of 16188
Joined 9/1/2002
What is being reported at the conventions, if summarized correctly above, is a serious distortion of history.
First of all, the claim made in 1942 that the Allies may win WWII is an about face of what was taught as recently as December 1941. The Watchtower, edited by Joseph Rutherford, published a lengthy series of articles (entitled "Demon Rule Ending") that autumn interpreting the "King of the North" vision from Daniel as a window into what lies in the near future. In these articles, the author (whether Rutherford or Fred Franz) foretold that the neither Axis nor Allied Powers would win the war in victory but that both sides would form, with the totalitarian Axis Powers taking the dominant role, an armistice leading to a "new League of Nations" through which the cry of "peace and security!" would call forth. Through these events, all nations would become totalitarian states like the Axis Powers. This draws on the declaration made by the Axis Powers in November 1940 to establish a "new League of Nations" when the war is finished. Rutherford moreover had been teaching since 1938 (in Face the Facts) that the Axis powers would succeed in obtaining Great Britain and the USA, and for an even longer time the Golden Age published articles on how the totalitarians were in the process of destroying the American government and replacing it with totalitarianism. All of these are mistaken predictions, if not "false prophecy". And the idea that the "abomination of desolation" will be realized by a "new League of Nations" was already in place, as expressed in the 15 December 1941 Watchtower (p. 373), which also connected this coming organization with the "beast" of Revelation 17:3-7.
Then two things happened in January 1942. One, Rutherford died and Nathan Knorr took control of the Watchtower Society. Two, the Allied Powers declared their intent via the Atlantic Charter to establish a "United Nations" for maintaining peace between nations after the war has ended. That spring, the Watchtower was full of articles emphasizing the closeness of Armageddon: "Armageddon is very near....Now we are near the FINAL END of the 'time of the end' ... Armageddon swiftly approaching ... Armageddon, now near ... The final gathering by the Lord is on ... The time is short" (1 February 1942, pp. 37-45), "Armageddon is at hand" (1 March 1942, p. 80), "Now with Armageddon immediately before us ... The world emergency with Armageddon at the door is the very time to most anxiously keep God's law and obey him" (1 May 1942, pp. 139-142), etc. I doubt statements like these from 1942 are emphasized today in the summer convention talks. Then in the 15 May 1942 issue of the Watchtower, the author wrote that the setting up of the abomination of desolation, which has been going on since 1919 (when the original League of Nations was formed), but which will be given definitive form in a totalitarian "new world order" is "a sure sign of the nearness of Armageddon" (p. 153). The same article also backpedaled on the earlier belief that the Axis Powers would hold the upper hand in ending the war. Now it is claimed that the Axis Powers may well be forced to compromise with the Allies: "[The Pope] wants to save something of advantage out of any possible failure of his scheme for world domination. He is willing to compromise with the anti-Axis forces should they gain military victory. While so doing he can try to shield his totalitarian puppets against total ruin and undoing" (Ibid.).
The emerging view on the post-war period was expounded in September 1942, both in a 1 September 1942 Watchtower and at the Peace -- Can It Last? talk at the annual convention. The idea that the war would end in a peace pact goes back to the 1941 view, but Knorr no longer claimed that the war would end without a definitive victory for either side. It was now implied that the Allied Powers would attain victory, as it is their United Nations (as opposed to the Axis Powers' "New League of Nations") that would administer the post-war period as the "beast" that comes out of the abyss of inactivity. But in claiming that this understanding was obtained "by Jehovah's unerring spirit" (as stated in the 15 July 1960 Watchtower), the Society omits some important details about how Knorr conceptualized this post-war United Nations. First of all, Knorr conceived of the United Nations as a totalitarian organization that will run the affairs of the world. The Vatican would hold the UN together, "as a supranational power over the postwar confederacy of nations", and the Vatican would place armies all over the world that would keep the peace as a powerful international police force. This would be set up very quickly after the cessation of hostilities, for sudden destruction would follow after the declaration of "peace and destruction". And this leads to the second fact, which is that Knorr construed the post-war period as very, very short. In the 1 September 1942 Watchtower, it was published that "the 'battle of that great day of God Almighty' will break out suddenly upon the postwar builders when they think they can cry out, 'Peace and safety' " and that "man's postwar arrangement will not survive the battle of Armageddon" (p. 259). The Kingdom News of April 1943 similarly stated that "When the postwar builders cry 'Peace and safety!' then will break forth the battle and will destroy this old world" (p. 2). The 1943 booklet Fighting For Liberty on the Home Front made this prediction of the near future:
Then when the war seemed very close to a finish in 1944, the Watchtower continued to stress the extreme closeness of Armageddon. The 1 March 1944 Watchtower referred to "this time immediately before Armageddon's war" (p. 77), and the 1 May 1944 Watchtower stated that "the day of Armageddon is very near ... This is the time of great emergency because the battle of Armageddon is very near" (pp. 141-142). The 1944 booklet Religion Reaps the Whirlwind declares that "that terrific whirlwind of annihilation is drawing near according to all the weather signals of God's Word" (p. 59-60). The rhetoric became even more intense after V-E Day (8 May 1945). In a talk delivered on 10 June 1945, Knorr urged: "There is no longer any time to wait, for the Kingdom of God is here! ... It is a day of decision, and its precious hours of opportunity are remorselessly ticking out. The zero hour for the final war of Amageddon is undelayably coming on" (The Commander to the Peoples, pp. 21-23). He continued by pointing to the United Nations plan drawn up in the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in 1944 and the 1945 San Francisco Conference as "the final total lineup of this old world against Jehovah's universal domination ... It is the time for the battle of Armageddon" (pp. 26-28).
So if Knorr actually predicted anything, it is this: The war would end with a peace treaty with the United Nations in charge of a global government orchestrated behind the scenes by the Vatican. The UN would be established very quickly through the placing of totalitarian armies around the world to keep the peace, and it would set to work immediately on banning Jehovah's Witnesses throughout the world. Then it would declare "Peace and safety!", the war is now over, but almost as quickly as the postwar period starts, the democratic powers discover that the Vatican is really running the show and they take action against the Pope and the Vatican, destroying the institution altogether. Then almost instantly, all the governments of the world undergo destruction themselves and billions of people are killed directly by God.
Now, I might not have the history quite right, but does anyone recall anything like this actually happening in 1945 and 1946?
|posted Sat, 20 Jun 2009 00:44:00 GMT(6/20/2009)
Post 1174 of 1642
Joined 5/22/2006
bookmarked for reference...
|posted Sat, 20 Jun 2009 01:22:00 GMT(6/20/2009)
Post 6204 of 7141
Joined 8/15/2007
ya dave.......luv it......oomps
|posted Sat, 20 Jun 2009 03:33:00 GMT(6/20/2009)
Post 1559 of 1726
Joined 8/19/2004
Excellent Watchtower references! Clearly shows exactly what Knorr and Rutherford thought would occur. Not even close to being prescient.
As always, great research from several posters.
|posted Sat, 20 Jun 2009 20:53:00 GMT(6/20/2009)
Post 223 of 1296
Joined 3/3/2007
Thanks to Leolaia, as usual great work.
|wha happened?
|posted Mon, 03 Aug 2009 20:07:00 GMT(8/3/2009)
Post 3363 of 10423
Joined 10/2/2004
Funny how all this info is just outside the grasp of a bound volume. I purchased bound volumes years ago and the oldest is 1951. Hmmmmmmmmmm?
|posted Mon, 03 Aug 2009 20:20:00 GMT(8/3/2009)
Post 3372 of 3313
Joined 6/11/2003
yeah bookmarked too! Very good stuff indeed!
|posted Mon, 03 Aug 2009 20:25:00 GMT(8/3/2009)
Post 89 of 4818
Joined 6/23/2009
Most witnesses also probably still think that Russell and the WT "predicted WW1", which they claimed as total vindication of their updated chronology for the coming of Christ.
They predicted nothing of the sort, it was just convenient that the WW1 cover story happened along when it did.
I have often wondered if all the chronology they teach would have survived and grown had it not been for that unfortunate coincedance.
|wha happened?
|posted Mon, 03 Aug 2009 20:36:00 GMT(8/3/2009)
Post 3365 of 10423
Joined 10/2/2004
well thanks to some great research here, we have yet another re-writing of history. I'm sure the brothers groaned when it became obvious the Vatican was not going to be running things behind the scenes in a tolitarion world government while they ban those pesky little JW's. Probably the only group that was sad to see the fighting stop
|posted Mon, 03 Aug 2009 20:38:00 GMT(8/3/2009)
Post 3420 of 14200
Joined 6/16/2008
Related question: Has the WT organization EVER predicted ANYTHING correctly?
|Olin Moyles Ghost
|posted Mon, 03 Aug 2009 20:39:00 GMT(8/3/2009)
Post 301 of 662
Joined 2/2/2008
This is an excellent, but underappreciated thread. Glad I caught it on the second time around.
As a young JW, this piece of WT history was very faith-strengthening to me. But I also knew about some of the failures and wrong expectations. of the WTS. And somewhere in the dark recesses of my mind I had a hard time reconciling the fact that we should use this WWII/UN experience as a proof that the WTS is used by God, but we should not use the Society's failed expectations as a proof that the WTS is not used by God. It seemed like a double standard.
|posted Mon, 03 Aug 2009 23:11:00 GMT(8/3/2009)
Post 4692 of 8024
Joined 6/25/2005
There is a discussion on this at http://www.jehovahs-witness.net/jw/friends/115266/1/Witnesses-cannot-refute-the-real-TRUTH which has some great research by Blondie showing that the UN was formed prior to Knorr's prediction.
|posted Tue, 04 Aug 2009 00:32:00 GMT(8/4/2009)
Post 1536 of 1798
Joined 10/28/2005
Knorr's lecture "Peace -- Can It Last?" and a PDF of the booklet for that talk can be listened to and downloaded from:
Might be good to share with some JWs to see what really happened back in 1942.
|posted Tue, 04 Aug 2009 01:43:00 GMT(8/4/2009)
Post 399 of 1513
Joined 3/11/2009
BTW I have a copy of "Peace, Can It Last"
|posted Tue, 13 Jul 2010 15:17:00 GMT(7/13/2010)
Post 2020 of 3464
Joined 7/8/2002
|nancy drew
|posted Tue, 13 Jul 2010 16:10:00 GMT(7/13/2010)
Post 402 of 2213
Joined 7/21/2009
thinking back to when I was told about this so called prophecy by knorr when I was studying I think they said he also said there would be a period of peace so the preaching work could proceed to cover the earth.
Is my memory right on that?
Confirm ...


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*Pat Pat*
I'm a man of many tastes.
Is that the character from that trap comic?
He's cute as fuck.
Well indeed we do. Too bad 'that guy' goes for months without any contact or telling people what he's up to. Makes me sad.
Gosh, I've never seen you posting before, very cute avatar.
Sure i added this lava texture through photoshop
So what did you do back then, then? Stargate thread? Did you develop anything I might've used, made a thread I might've posted in a lot?
You seem to post mostly in gmod threads and lmao pics, I come in neither. I might have known you four years ago, as I still played gmod back then, but you either changed your avatar (I can't remember names :c) or I just never actually saw you post.


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Researchers: Dads are like, so embarrassingJuly 17, 2012 @ 12:24 pm (Updated: 4:15 pm - 7/17/12 )
Kids say dads are the most embarrassing parent because of their lack of style and the car they drive, according to researchers.
Everything from nerdy glasses and wearing socks with their sandals made the list. And most kids say they're pretty sure dear old dad thinks he's cool.
To avoid being seen with dad, kids request to be dropped off around the corner or skip hanging out after school if they know dad is home. Some kids even went so far to say they'd completely ignore their dads if they saw him in public.
We're betting the researchers were a bunch of moms hoping their husbands agree to a makeover.
This dad took it to the extreme and filmed his kid trying to squeeze into a pair of skinny jeans. He makes him squat and do a turn. Not sure who should be the embarrassed one.
NOTE: The man who saved a 7-year-old in the video posted below is a dad...probably an embarrassing one too.
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We own our home jointly and have some stocks. Been married 29 years and have no children together but my husband has adult children from a previous marriage. My husband is terminally ill and said the property automatically goes to the surviving spouse. People have been telling me our house will have to got through probate or I might have to pay estate taxes.
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No tax issues on death of a spouse when spouse survives and is the beneficiary.
If your husband wants to ensure any property goes to his kids, a trust would be necessary. If your husband has capacity, you should at least speak with an estate planning attorney.
The property does not automatically go to the surviving spouse. If there is a probate, all community property will go to the surviving spouse (if there is separate property - which is not likely in a marriage of 29 years unless he inherited something) some portion of that would go the his children. The best way to avoid this is to have trust wherein you are the successor trustee and sole beneficiary. The assets should then be transferred into the trust. I suggest that you consult with a good estate planning lawyer as to your options.
I practice in this area. If you did not do a prenuptial agreement, you should have done some estate planning along the way. If you have not, there may be time to fix this. A Trust makes sense here because the real property does not have to go through the probate expense and delay. The goal is to avoid probate litigation by the children from a prior marriage for their perceived share of the estate. I would be happy to meet with you both to talk about this.
Eliz. C. A. Johnson
Post Office Box 8
Danville, California 94526-0008
I would consider speaking to an Elder Law attorney in your area. I don't think the house would go through probate (as you will own it automatically) but you want to make sure tax and Medicaid planning have been considered.
Look at the deed to the house and make sure it has you and your husband listed as joint owners with rights of survivorship (aka JOWROS). This description means that the survivornas between you becomes the sole owner upon the death of the first spouse. A deed overrides whatever a will says and if done as I directed (may already be this way) then it happens automatically without need of probate.
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Last night I went to visit two good friends who are leaving this month. We decided to do some drinking to celebrate. I invited my new girlfriend along as well. Long story short, I got really drunk (as did my friends!) and I let my girlfriend drive home because she didn't drink. The next morning she tells me that we had sex and that I came inside her. When I asked how she felt about the situation, she said she would be happy if she has a baby. We have been together since January 20th.
What should I do? How am I supposed to feel about this? We are sexually active, but I have been careful not to have children. I feel she took advantage of me and she doesn't believe she has done anything wrong.
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Great reviews! I've played a 60* to death or at least the lion has almost lost all it's teeth and am thinking seriously of looking into a SLT or EGG grind on a Satin 58*, you gotta love the options!
When I got the current 54* and 60* in my bag I just found them to be precise and yet highly versatile around the green, especially off mega tight lies. It's not unusual for me to chip in at least once per round and if the ball doesn't go in it's tight.
Scratch is definitely the good stuff!


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Finding It at the Movies
Stop! I give up! I'll see the movie!
What had evaporated, of course, was the consensus that it all mattered. The result was a dissociation between the experience and the commentary. In the Eighties, Kael's disquisitions on the psychology of the American movie audience, which characterized her early criticism, gave way to page after page of word-painting. She would paraphrase almost the whole storyline, and every clever bit in the movie seemed to end up in the review. After you had read her review of Zelig, the movie itself felt like something you had already seen, and not quite as ingenious as you remembered it. She was a pioneer, in effect, of the condition movies suffer from today, when by the time a big-budget production hits the screen, it has been so overexposed in magazines and on television that there is almost no point in bothering to go see it. Which is fine, of course, with magazine publishers and television producers. The coverage competes with the product.
Kael's manner of overpraising and overdamning has itself been so overpraised and overdamned2 that rereading her reviews is a little like rereading Hemingway after listening to too many parodies: Why can't she stop trying to sound so much like Pauline Kael? The trademark Kaelisms now leap out from every page: the second-person address; the slangy heighteners, "zizzy," "zingy," "goosey," "plummy," and so on, and put-downs, like "frowzy," "whorey," "logey" (her word for Shoah); the high-low oxymorons, like "pop classic" (for the remake of King Kong) or "trash archetype" (for Carrie); and her most exasperating locution, the conditional universal superlative, which she used promiscuously and frequently bathetically: "The scene is perhaps the wittiest and most deeply romantic confirmation of a marriage ever filmed" (The Right Stuff); "He may be the most natural and least self-conscious screen actor who ever lived" (Jeff Bridges).
More general defects are also obvious when the stuff is consumed in bulk. The writing is all in the same key, and strictly molto con brio. There is no modulation of tone or (which would be even more welcome) of thought. She just keeps slugging away. She is almost always extraordinarily sharp, but she is hardly ever funny. And (as she concedes in the introduction to For Keeps) she is clearly working her way through her feelings about the movie as she writes, and this produces garrulousness and compositional dishevelment. Writing in The New Yorker gave her a huge space advantage over other reviewers; she did not always profit by it.
Her reviews are highly readable, but they are not especially rereadable. James Agee, in his brief service as movie critic of The Nation, reviewed many nondescript and now long-forgotten pictures; but as soon as you finish reading one of his pieces, you want to read it again, just to see how he did it. Kael does not provoke the same impulse.
Still, the attractions of the prose are not the whole story. W. H. Auden once praised Agee's column by saying that he never went to the movies, but that he looked forward to reading what Mr. Agee had to say about them every week. Some people have said the same thing about Stanley Kauffmann, the longtime reviewer for The New Republic who is, in critical terms, pretty much the UnKael. Kael was not a reviewer for people who didn't go to movies. She was the ideal person to read when you had just seen a movie and couldn't make up your mind what you thought about it. At her best, she argued it through on the page for you. You know what you think about Bonnie and Clyde by now, though, and so her insights have lost their freshness. On the other hand, she is a large part of the reason you think as you do.
And her influence is everywhere. Kael was, by all accounts, a journalistic queen bee. If she did not orchestrate opinion (something she was accused of many times), she certainly took pleasure in orchestrating the orchestrators. She maintained, even before her New Yorker days, a circle of admirers whose careers she cultivated and whose degree of orthodoxy she monitored closely; and she became an object of personal infatuation for many younger writers who never met her. She has a number of protégés and ex-protégés among active movie reviewers: Terrence Rafferty, who succeeded her at The New Yorker, David Denby, Michael Sragow, David Edelstein, John Powers, Peter Rainer. But her impact extended beyond movie reviewing. The television critics James Wolcott and Tom Shales, the art critics Jed Perl and Sanford Schwartz, the music critic Greil Marcus, and the sportswriter Allen Barra are all her fans, and there is a long list of other writers, in many other genres, whose work would be almost unimaginable without her example. There are also two celebrity epigoni: Camille Paglia, whose style is a virtual pastiche of Kael's but who (such is the anxiety of influence) has hardly ever mentioned her name in print; and the Hollywood Wunderkind Quentin Tarantino, who mentions her name at almost every opportunity. And properly so; for Tarantino's Pulp Fiction is a dish for which Kael spent forty years writing the recipe.
Kael's followers are known, a little dismissively, as "the Paulettes." The usual complaints about them are that they imitate mindlessly Kael's enthusiasm for the cheap-thrill element of popular culture, and that they are all parrots of her journalistic mannerisms. There is no question that Kael's style proved highly infectious; and there is no question, either, that her appetite for sensationalism, for blood and sex, helped shape educated movie taste. Cataloguing stylistic tics, though, is not the most accurate way to measure Kael's influence. For her importance has, in the end, very little to do with her style of writing or her taste in movies. It is much greater than that.
The problem Kael undertook to address when she began writing for The New Yorker was the problem of making popular entertainment respectable to people whose education told them that popular entertainment is not art. This is usually thought of as the highlow problem—the problem that arises when a critic equipped with a highbrow technique bends his or her attention to an object that is too low, when the professor writes about Superman comics. In fact, this rarely is a problem: if anything profits from (say) a semiotic analysis, it's the comics. The professor may go on to compare Superman comics favorably with Homer, but that is simply a failure of judgment. It has nothing to do with the difference in brows. You can make a fool of yourself over anything.
The real high-low problem doesn't arise when the object is too low. It arises when the object isn't low enough. Meet the Beatles doesn't pose a high-low problem; Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band does. Tom Clancy and Wheel of Fortune don't; John le Carré and Masterpiece Theater do. A product like Sgt. Pepper isn't low enough to be discussed as a mere cultural artifact; but it's not high enough to be discussed as though it were Four Quartets, either. It's exactly what it pretends to be: it's entertainment, but for educated people. And this is what makes it so hard for educated people to talk about without sounding pretentious—as though they had to justify their pleasure by some gesture toward the "deeper" significance of the product.
One of Hollywood's best-kept industrial secrets is that the movies are entertainment for educated people, too. This was a finding that surprised the studios when, in the 1940s, they first undertook to analyze their audience: frequency of movie attendance increases with income and education. Even today, when people complain that they don't make movies for grown-ups anymore, the percentage of people who say they are "frequent moviegoers" is more than half again as great among people who have gone to college (31 percent) as it is among people who have only finished high school (19 percent). The belief that education makes people snobbish about movie-going is the opposite of the case: 20 percent of people who have been to college say they "never" go to movies, but the figure is 39 percent among adults who have only finished high school and 57 percent among adults with even less education than that. Movie-going is a lot more expensive than television-watching, of course, and no doubt this helps to account for the difference. But the numbers make it clear that film is not truly a mass art form to anything like the degree that television and popular music are. Movies since the Thirties have been designed for the people who have the money and the leisure to afford them. Kael didn't persuade New Yorker readers to go to the movies; they were already going. That wasn't the problem. The problem was teaching them how to think critically about them.
One way to think critically about them, the way consistent with thinking about the arts generally during the Fifties and early Sixties, was to identify the formal properties of the medium, and to judge movies by how fully and intelligently they used them. So that the assertion "Stagecoach is a great movie" might be defended against the person who wants to know if that means it is as great as King Lear by replying that Stagecoach is great "in cinematic terms." This is to defend your judgment with an abstraction; for when you say things like "in cinematic terms," you are on your way toward developing a theory of film.
Kael had devoted her pre—New Yorker career to demolishing this way of thinking. By 1967, her antiaesthetic has been completely worked out. She hated theories. She didn't oppose only auteur theory: she opposed all theoretical preconceptions. "Isn't it clear that trying to find out what cinema 'really' is, is derived from a mad Platonic and metaphorical view of the universe," she wrote in an unreprinted essay in 1966, "—as if ideal, pure cinema were some pre-existent entity that we had to find? Cinema is not to be found; but movies are continuously being made."3 And in "Is There a Cure for Movie Criticism?" (1962), an attack on the film theorist Siegfried Kracauer: "Art is the greatest game, the supreme entertainment, because you discover the game as you play it…. We want to see, to feel, to understand, to respond in a new way. Why should pedants be allowed to spoil the game?"4
Kael was the most brilliantly ad hoc critic of her time, and she made it possible to care about movies without feeling pompous or giddy by showing that what comes first in everyone's experience of a movie isn't the form or the idea but the sensation, and that this is just as true for moviegoers who have been taught to intellectualize their responses to art as it is for everyone else. The idea that a movie critic needs to work from sensations was not new with her, of course. Agee's persona in The Nation had been that of the ordinary intelligent guy who happens to love going to movies (and who also happens to write like James Agee). Robert Warshow, who wrote about movies for Commentary and Partisan Review in the Forties and Fifties, warned that the critic who trucks a load of sociology and aesthetics into the movie theater will end up missing the show. "A man watches a movie," as he once famously, and perhaps a shade sententiously, put it, "and the critic must acknowledge that he is that man."5
When Warshow wrote about Scar-face and Agee wrote about National Velvet, they didn't have much trouble being that man. But that's because the high-low problem doesn't kick in with Scarface and National Velvet, movies that don't tempt viewers to detect "significance." It kicks in with a movie like Monsieur Verdoux, Chaplin's black comedy about a serial killer, which few people have patience for any more, but which Agee and Warshow both went solemnly bananas over. Agee and Warshow thought that Chaplin had Something Important to Say in Monsieur Verdoux, and they therefore bent over backward in their appreciation of the movie in order to give him credit for his good intentions.
Kael never gave anyone credit for good intentions. "Art," as she put it back in 1956, "perhaps unfortunately is not the sphere of good intentions.6 She wasn't interested in abstractions like "social significance" or "the body of work." She had to be turned on all over again each time. Her favorite analogy for the movie experience got seriously overworked, and was lampooned as a result, but it does have the virtue of simplicity: a movie, for her, was either good sex or bad sex. For the quality of the sex doesn't necessarily have anything to do with the glamour of the partner. The best-looking guy in the room may be the lousiest lover—which is why nothing irritated Kael more than a well-dressed movie that didn't perform. "If a lady says. 'That man don't pleasure me,' " she explained to the readers of Holiday in 1966, "that's it. There are some areas in which we can still decide for ourselves."7 She thought that people who claimed to enjoy 2001: A Space Odyssey more than The Thomas Crown Affair were either pretending or were Puritanical about the straight-forward pleasures of trash. She thought these people missed the essentially erotic nature of the movie experience. There were a lot of people like that around before 1967. "What did she lose at the movies?" asked a puzzled Dwight Macdonald when he reviewed I Lost It at the Movies in 1965.8 Case in point.
Kael's contention that "serious" movies should meet the same standard as pulp—that they should be entertaining—turned out to be an extremely useful and widely adopted critical principle. For it rests on an empirically sustainable proposition, which is that although people sometimes have a hard time deciding whether or not something is art, they are rarely fooled into thinking they are having a good time when they are not. It was Kael's therapeutic advice to the overcultivated that if they just concentrated on responding to the stimulus, the aesthetics would take care of themselves. What good is form if the content leaves you cold?
The academic term for the kind of antiformalism Kael promoted is "postmodernism." Postmodernism in the arts simply is anti-essentialism. It is a reaction against the idea, associated by academic critics in the postwar years with modernist literature, painting, and architecture, that the various arts have their own essential qualities—that poetry is essentially a matter of the organization of language, that painting is essentially a matter of composition, that architecture is essentially a matter of space and light. The undoing of these assumptions is often taken to have been the work of high critical theory, of semioticians and Derrideans, and "postmodernism" is thought to refer to highbrow, avant-garde art and literature—to be a distinctly elitist cultural movement.
In fact, the cultural work was done long before "postmodernism" became a theoretical concept in the academy, and it was done by people whose audience was entirely mainstream. If we need to give it a brow, postmodernism was a middlebrow phenomenon. Its champion practitioners were Warhol (in painting), Mailer (in fiction), and Tom Wolfe (in journalism)—all perfectly accessible figures who played to a large nonacademic audience. Its "theoreticians" were Susan Sontag, who was an independent writer, Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown, who were architects, and Kael, who never finished college. For the notion that serious art must be appreciated formally was not so much a feature of modernist art itself—it's not something most of the great modernists would have claimed about what they were doing—as it was the result of the way modern art and literature were taught to people like the people who read The New Yorker in the Fifties and early Sixties. Excessive critical concern with the formal properties of art—with the "elements of style"—was a middlebrow oppression. It didn't intimidate poets; it intimidated moviegoers. It made them think there was something they ought to know about called "the grammar of film."
This liberation of art from abstract prior conceptions was one of the great achievements of American culture in the Sixties. It is now being attacked for encouraging the supposedly dangerously relativist notions that "It's art if I say it's art," and "Anything goes." People said those things in the Sixties, and I suppose people say them now, but those are not the necessary conclusions of the lesson Kael helped to teach. A dislike of formalism does not entail a dislike of form. And openness to mass culture does not entail identification with the mass audience; it doesn't require an attitude of épater les intellectuels or a belief that if it's "of the people" it must be counter-hegemonic.
The critical attitude Kael represented only means approaching a work of art without bias about what "a work of art" is supposed to be. It is predicated on the belief that modern culture is fluid and promiscuous, and therefore that nothing is gained by foreclosing the experience of it—particularly if you are a critic. Pauline Kael understood these things, and she consciously built her practice as a reviewer around them; and that is why she is a supremely important figure even for writers who, although they grew up reading everything she wrote, always strived, in their own work, never to sound like Pauline Kael.
Most indelibly in these pages, by her New Yorker colleague Renata Adler, reviewing the 1980 collection, When the Lights Go Down: "The Perils of Pauline," The New York Review, August 14, 1980, pp. 26–35.↩
"It's Only a Movie," in Film Study in Higher Education, edited by David C. Stewart (American Council on Education, 1966), pp. 143–144.↩
I Lost It at the Movies (Atlantic Monthly Press/Little, Brown, 1965), p. 292.↩
The Immediate Experience: Movies, Comics, Theatre and Other Aspects of Popular Culture (Doubleday, 1962), p. 27. The sentence was written in 1954.↩
"Movies, the Desperate Art," in Film: An Anthology, edited by Daniel Talbot (University of California Press, 1959), p. 64.↩
"Incredible Shrinking Hollywood," Holiday, March 1966, p. 86.↩
Dwight Macdonald on Movies (Prentice-Hall, 1969), p. 470.↩
Most indelibly in these pages, by her New Yorker colleague Renata Adler, reviewing the 1980 collection, When the Lights Go Down: "The Perils of Pauline," The New York Review, August 14, 1980, pp. 26–35.↩
"It's Only a Movie," in Film Study in Higher Education, edited by David C. Stewart (American Council on Education, 1966), pp. 143–144.↩
I Lost It at the Movies (Atlantic Monthly Press/Little, Brown, 1965), p. 292.↩
The Immediate Experience: Movies, Comics, Theatre and Other Aspects of Popular Culture (Doubleday, 1962), p. 27. The sentence was written in 1954.↩
"Movies, the Desperate Art," in Film: An Anthology, edited by Daniel Talbot (University of California Press, 1959), p. 64.↩
"Incredible Shrinking Hollywood," Holiday, March 1966, p. 86.↩
Dwight Macdonald on Movies (Prentice-Hall, 1969), p. 470.↩


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Have You Ever Gone a Week Without Using Cash? — Survey of the Day
Could cold hard cash soon be about as necessary as a pay phone?
Could cold hard cash soon be about as necessary as a pay phone?
Home sweet home isn't looking so sweet for the majority of Americans.
Last week marked the one-year anniversary of the Fukushima nuclear reactor disaster in Japan. While that tragedy highlighted the downside to nuclear power, has it changed opinions about the energy source?
As we approach St. Patrick's Day, it's a good time to think about how luck affects our lives.
These days, just about everybody is on some form of social media. However, that doesn't mean they want to share their information with everybody.
According to a Pew Research Center survey of 2,267 adults, 58 percent of social media users set their profile to private.
Belief in global warming has hit a three-year high, which experts attribute to a warmer than usually winter in the US.
In this economy, people are lucky just to have a job.
Which is perhaps why the majority of Americans would pick job security over higher pay, if given the choice.
Over the last few months, there has been some data that suggests the sluggish economy could be improving. Mainly, the unemployment rate, which has dropped to 8.3 percent after reaching a 26-year high of 10 percent in late 2009. However, according to a new survey from Poll Postion, the public is split on whether America is entering into a period of economic recovery.
This week, lawmakers in Washington state legalized same-sex marriage and a federal appeals court declared a voter initiative in California, which had made gay marriage illegal, to be unconstitutional.
So what does the public think about gay marriage, in light of these measures?
There are athletes the public loves, and others that they love to hate.
Nielsen and partner E-Poll Market Research surveyed America on the they jocks they most dislike, and the top two shouldn't be much of a surprise.
This weekend we learned that Mitt Romney will almost certainly be running against Barack Obama for President this fall, and that New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning has cemented his status as an elite quarterback by winning his second Super Bowl. Now imagine a crazy scenerio in which only QBs can run for President.
With the Super Bowl just a few days away, you may be hearing as much about the game's commercials and halftime show as you are about the Giants and the Patriots.


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Teleconverters - also known as multipliers - are optical devices which when attached to the rear of a lens increase the effective focal length. They typically come in two "flavors", a 1.4x and a 2x - though 1.5x, 1.7x and 3x versions are not unheard of.
1.4x and 2x are the most common though and the reason for this may well be a holdover from the days when external light meters were used with cameras. When used with a 1.4x TC, a lens requires 1 stop more exposure than without the TC, and with a 2x it requires 2 stops more exposure. In the days of hand held meters and full stop exposure settings it was obviously easier to work in whole stops!
So are they useful? Do they make your 300mm zoom lens into a 600mm super zoom telephoto for only $100? The answers are yes and no, in that order!
TCs work better with fairly long focal length prime lenses than with short focal length lenses and zooms. So you can put a 1.4x TC on a Canon EF 300/4L lens and expect to get a high quality 420/5.6 lens, but if you put a 1.4x TC on a 20-35 zoom, you may well be disappointed in the results.
Some TCs are designed only for use with certain lenses. For example the Canon EOS TCs are only made to be used with (and will only physically fit on) the "L" series telephoto prime lenses and a handful of "L" series zooms (e.g. EF 100-400/4.5-5.6L IS, EF 70-200/4L, EF 70-200/2.8L). Nikon made two sets of TCs, one for lenses over 300mm and one for lenses under 300mm. 3rd party manufacturers (Sigma, Tokina, Tamron, Kenko) usually make TC that will physically fit on any lens of a camera line (e.g. ALL Canon EOS lenses), though that can mean a compromise of optical results in exchange for the greater usability with "consumer" and zoom lenses.
The EOS-3 and the EOS-1 series bodies (1v and the 1D and 1Ds) will autofocus at f8, so with them you can get AF with an f5.6 lens + 1.4x or an f4 lens +2x.
Some non-Canon 3rd party TCs do not convey the true aperture of the (lens + TC) combination to the camera body and so the camera will attempt to autofocus even if the effective aperure is lower than f5.6 (of f8 of the EOS 1/3 series). Sometimes AF may work, sometimes it may not. AF may be reliable or it may not be. It's very dependant on the specific TC and the specific lens it's being used with, as well as the brightness and contrast of the subject. There are also some tricks involving blocking off some of the contact pins of the Canon TCs which will allow AF to try to work under conditions where Canon normally turns it off. Again AF won't be reliable when using such tricks.
So how well do they work. Well here are a series of test images that might give you some idea. I used a Tamron 1.4x TC (the one shown above) with three different lenses/. First a Canon EF75-300/4-5.6IS, representative of a consumer grade telephoto zoom, second a Canon EF28-135IS, representative of a reasonably good consumer grade mid-range zoom, third a Canon EF300/4L, representative of an excellent "L" series prime lens and fourth, a Canon EF50/1.8 representative of an inexpensive consumer grade prime lens
In each case the images have been adjusted to the same final size by digitally upsizing the image shot without the TC to the same size as that shot with the TC. Upsizing was done using a bicubic algorithm. There are other upsizing software options (e.g. genuine fractals), but I very much doubt that their use would yield significantly different conclusions. If the information isn't there in the first place, no upsizing algorithm can accurately create it!
[Note this is the older 75-300/4-5.6IS, not the new 70-300/4-5.6IS (which is tested here)]
In this first test, shots were taken using an EOS 10D with an EF75-300/4-5.6IS lens set to 300mm and f5.6, with and without a Tamron 1.4x TC attached. Below is the full frame shot
The area in red is shown enlarged below. On the left is a 100% crop of the shot taken using the 1.4x TC. On the right is the image taken without the TC, but digitally enlarged by a factor of 1.4x by upsizing the original image using bicubic interpolation.
As I think you can see, in this case upsizing the image taken without the TC actually gives slightly better results than using a TC! Contrast is higher and resolution is better. So in this case it seems pretty clear that the conventional wisdom that TCs don't work well with consumer grade telephoto zooms seems to be right.
In this second test a 10D was used with a Canon EF28-135/3.5-5.6IS lens set to 135mm and f5.6 with an without the Tamron 1.4xTC. A full frame shot is shown below.
The area in red is enlarged below. On the left is the image upsized by 280% using bicubic interpolation from the lens without the TC, and on the right the image is upsized by 200% using bicubic interpolation.
This time I think the results with the TC are slightly better. There's less pixillation and slightly more detail in the image. Not a huge difference, but unlike the case of the 300mm zoom, in which the TC gave worse results, with the shorter range zoom the TC didn't hurt and in fact helped slightly.
|However, look at the image on the left, which is the same
target shot with the EF75-300/4-5.6IS lens set to 189mm (135 x 1.4) at f5.6.
As you can see, this consumer grade zoom does a lot better than the EF28-135/3.5-5.6IS with (or without) a 1.4x TC. Again I think you can see that the TC isn't really working well. It's slightly better then enlarging the image shot without a TC, but it's not as good as the image shot with even a consumer zoom at the same focal length.
The moral here is that if you have an inexpensive consumer zoom and you want a longer lens, buy a longer lens!
The third test was conducted with a Canon EF 300/4L, with and without the Tamron 1.4xTC. Below is the full size image (without TC).
The area outlined in red is shown below. On the left is the image taken without the TC. It has been upsized by 280% so that it matches the image on the right, taken using the 1.4x TC, which has been upsized by 200%.
I think it's pretty clear here that the image shot with the TC shows significantly higher resolution. Look, for example at the 3 closely spaced lines at the top of the UPC pattern. On the right (with TC) they are clearly resolved, while on the left (no TC) they are not.
Again this shows that conventional wisdom is, in fact, wise. High quality telephoto prime lenses work well with TCs and produce significantly better results with a TC than can be obtained by upsizing the image shot without the TC.
The final test was done using the Canon EF 50/1.8 with and without the Tamron 1.4xTC. Below is the full size image (without TC).
The area in red is shown enlarged below when the lens was used wide open (f1.8)
Not much doubt here that the TC gives better results! Below is the test repeated, but this time set to f4.
As expected, the TC is still working very well and overall image contrast is higher. It's actually a little surprising that without the TC the resolution hasn't gone up significantly going from f1.8 to f4, though contrast has gone up and that means a higher MTF and a sharper looking image. It's likely that resolution here is being limited by the resolution of the digital sensor, rather than by the lens. With the TC it appears that resolution and contrast both go up as the lens is stopped down. This TC does very well indeed with this lens and turns the 50/1.8 into a very useful 70/2.5.
Using digital probably underestimates the difference you'd see on film, especially in cases where resolution is high. This is because digital is limited to something under about 70 lp/mm whereas film can resolve up to 100 lp/mm (maybe slightly more). However if it looks better on digital, it will certainly look better on film, and if it doesn't look better on digital, it won't look better on film, so the qualitative results obtained here apply to both film and digital imaging.
Since I didn't have a 2x TC which fits on the zooms or 50mm prime I couldn't include 2x results. My guess is that we'd see much the same trend. Useful on the primes, not so useful on the zooms. In general results with a 2x will always be worse then with a 1.4x. A quality 2x on a quality lens can be useful and give excellent results, but a mediocre 2x on a consumer zoom is a recipe for disaster.
The shot below was taken with a Canon EF 300/4L lens + Canon 2x TC with the lens set to f5.6 (effective aperture with the TC added was f11). The original full size image is sharp.
Which TC to buy is always a tricky question. If you have a Canon EOS series EF "L" telephoto, the answer is clear. Get the Canon TC. It will give you better compatibility, better autofocus and better image quality than a 3rd party TC. However, if you want to use the TC on a lens the Canon TC doesn't fit, you have to go 3rd party which means Sigma, Tokina, Tamron or Kenko. They all make a variety of 1.4x and 2x TC (some do a 1.5x, though it's probably the same as the other 1.4x models!). Some have "premium" or "pro" and "regular" versions. You pay your money and you take your chance. Maybe the more expensive models will give slightly better results, maybe not. It's very unlikely that anyone is going to test 8 different TCs with 30 different lenses (240 tests) to see which TC matches best with which lens. While it would be an interesting project, I'd image the tester would start to go crazy after the first 100 or so!
Are TCs "worth it". The answer is yes, as long as you use them with a good lens, preferably a prime lens. The tests here show that this TC is very effective with both the EF 50/1.8 and the EF 300/4L, somewhat effective with the EF 28-135IS, but not really useful with the EF 75-300IS. These results back up the "conventional wisdom" that TCs work best with prime lenses.
|If you have a Canon "L" telephoto prime or zoom that accepts Canon TCs, the one to get first is the Canon 1.4x TC. It will give higher image quality and better AF (when supported by the EOS body) than 3rd party options
If you need a TC to fit Canon non-L series primes or shorter focal length lenses that won't accept the Canon TC, then there are a number of 3rd party options. Generally the 1.4x TCs will give more acceptable results than the 2x versions.


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In the agriculture-based countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, agriculture is essential to growth, which is in turn necessary to reduce poverty and food insecurity.New markets have dramatically changed the world of agriculture in the 21st century and created new opportunities for faster growth.Tapping these opportunities requires a comprehensive policy approach to foster growth, including providing better producer incentives, increasing public and private investment, and strengthening the supporting institutions, underpinned by macroeconomic and political stability.
Agriculture can be the lead sector for overall growth in agriculture-based countries.Agricultural growth was the precursor to the industrial revolutions that spread across the temperate world, from England in the mid 18th century to Japan in the late 19th century. More recently, rapid agricultural growth in China, India, and Vietnam was the precursor to the rise of industry. Higher agricultural productivity generating an agricultural surplus (which was partially taxed to finance industrial development) and enabling lower food prices underpinned these success stories of the structural transformation. The paradox in this transformation is that higher agricultural growth was necessary to stimulate overall economic growth, resulting in an eventual decline in the share of the agricultural sector in gross domestic product (GDP).
In today's globalizing world, can agricultural growth still jump-start overall growth? And what are the essential policies to accelerate agricultural growth to fulfill its historic role? These are the questions addressed by this brief, which focuses on Sub-Saharan Africa, where the growth rate of agricultural GDP per capita was close to zero during the early 1970s and negative through the 1980s and early 1990s. But positive growth rates in the past 10 years suggest that the stagnation in Sub-Saharan African agriculture may be over and that agriculture could be the engine of faster growth and poverty reduction in the region.
Four reasons why agriculture can kick-start overall growth in the early stages of development.
New market opportunities for faster growth exist.Growth must balance food staples, traditional bulk exports, and higher-value products, including livestock. Staple crops dominate current production, and they will continue to do so in the near future. In Africa, demand for food is expected to reach US$100 billion by 2015, double its level of 2000. The challenge is to improve productivity in food staples production to keep food prices from rising and tradable sectors competitive. In addition, with urbanization and economic growth, livestock and horticulture are providing new markets for food producers. Both nontraditional and traditional exports are important, as are regional export markets for food staples and livestock. Markets for nontraditional exports such as horticulture are expanding rapidly, although in most countries this sector is still too small to substantially affect aggregate growth. Yet there are many local success stories of emergence of new markets (cassava chips in Ghana, organic coffee in Tanzania, aquaculture in Malawi); and expanding markets such as dairy production in East Africa, which are transforming livelihoods and could be scaled up for faster growth.
Policies can enhance agricultural growth in the new global context.A comprehensive policy approach to stimulate agricultural growth includes four key elements: improving producer incentives, providing core public goods and a better climate for private investment, building effective institutions, and ensuring sustainable use of natural resources.
Getting the right balance in agricultural taxation and incentives. As the largest sector, agriculture has an important role in providing resources for the development of the overall economy. Successful countries have invested in agriculture to stimulate growth and taxed part of the surplus generated to finance industrial development. However, the heavy exploitation of agriculture before meaningful investment in agricultural development can prove lethal, as has often been the case in Africa.
In the 1980s, developing countries taxed agriculture relative to other sectors at a level of about 30 percent on average and 45 percent in Sub-Saharan Africa, with overvalued exchange rates, high tariff protection in industry, and taxes on agricultural exports all contributing to the bias. It has been estimated that a 10 percentage point reduction in total taxation to the sector would increase overall annual growth by 0.4 percentage points.
Over the past two decades, most developing countries have substantially improved their macroeconomic policy and reduced policy biases against agriculture. A positive association can be observed between these improvements and the growth of agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa. Periods of rapid growth in agriculture have also followed reforms in specific subsectors, such as coffee in Uganda and cotton in Zambia.
But international trade policies—especially protection and subsidies in rich countries—continue to impose substantial costs on agriculture in developing countries. Overall trade policies depress the prices of agricultural products in international markets by an average of 5 percent and impose a cost of 0.3 percent of annual agricultural output growth (see the brief on Agricultural Trade).
More and better investment in agriculture. Investments in core public goods—science, infrastructure, and human capital—combined with better policies and institutions are major drivers of agricultural productivity growth. Despite high returns on these investments, Sub-Saharan African countries grossly underinvest in these public goods and urgently need to scale up spending on core public goods for agriculture (see the brief on More and Better Investment in Agriculture).
In addition, much of the needed investments will have to come from rural savings and the private sector, with the rural investment climate an important determining factor. Investment in public goods such as infrastructure is part of a good investment climate for the private sector, but well-functioning institutions and regulations are equally important.
Stronger institutions. Institutional innovations can be major sources of productivity growth, although few studies have explicitly quantified the effects. In China, 60 percent of the dramatic expansion of agricultural output between 1978 and 1984 has been attributed to institutional reforms—especially the household production responsibility system—and to price reforms.
Three major groups of institutions are important for agriculture.
Reducing the environmental drag. Long-term productivity growth could have been higher in many situations if the cost of natural resources degradation had been reduced. Many of the productivity gains from technical progress have been negated by soil and water degradation (see the brief on Agriculture and the Environment).
With a growing recognition of the essential role of agriculture as an engine of growth in the early stages of development, better policies, new market opportunities, and a commitment to higher investment can bring faster agricultural and overall economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Rapid growth is also essential to poverty reduction, but growth will not guarantee poverty reduction unless policies are designed to ensure that the poor participate in the growth process (see the brief on Agriculture and Poverty).
Photo Credit:Tikiri Kumari Seneviratne


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Location: Osmington, Weymouth
10% off the cost of off-peak bookings. Contact via email stating "Organic Connect Discount".
The Cartshed cottage, in pretty Osmington village, is available for weekly lets. The cottage is located on a very quiet no through road, and is ideally suited for walks to the white horse, and along the coast path towards Lulworth to the east and Weymouth to the west. Clients have the added benefit of private parking at Eweleaze Farm for access to the secluded beach. There is accommodation for six people, plus a cot. See our website for more information about the cottage.
The Cartshed, Church Lane, Osmington, Dorset DT3 6EW
01305 833690
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We wish to thank the Esmée Fairbairn Foundation for supporting the development of our website


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- Customer Reviews
- Ingredients
8 oz. filzette
Sep 19, 2014 | By Paul Nutini
excellent products---fresh, meaty, great flavor.
Intense flavor!
Jun 2, 2010 | By Marc Manganello
"Very tangy. This salami reminds me a lot of the fine-ground, salty, heavily garlic laden salami that is popular in Austria. The texture tends to be a bit soft, so it's a good idea to refrigerate it thoroughly before serving (which is good to do with any kind of salami anyway.)"
Pork, Sea Salt, Sugar, Spices, Natural Flavoring, Lactic Acid Starter Culture


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BKE Drape Back Top
SALE $12.72 was $29.95 Item #55460BKE12019
- Elbow sleeve burnout top
- Foil accents
- Uneven hem
- Layering piece(s) sold separately
- 50% Cotton, 50% Polyester.
- Machine wash cold with like colors. Wash separately before wearing. Non-chlorine bleach. Lay flat to dry. Reshape when wet. Low iron if needed.
- This fabric has been created using a burnout process. Wash before wearing as color can rub off on to other fabrics.
- Made in Canada.
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Email Guest Services.
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Women's Shirts/Tops
Women's BKE Shirts/Tops
We changed our page. Tell us what you think.
- Body length 22" on size medium.


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Need: women's organization work social development integrity osodi
social work for the integrated development
PRESENTATION Osodi DRCongo
Headquarters: National Liaison Office / Bukavu
Av hypo drome , N0 22 , Common i banda / South Kivu
Labour, Peace and Nonviolence
Given the violence in all their forms, the victims are women and children, especially widows moms, girls vulnerable Whereas it is appropriate to reduce the pain by concrete actions with and for people living in violence , saw suffering and the difficulties related to the status of women in rural areas : it established an office in Bukavu called : '' Association Osodi social work for Integral Development .''
Under Registration No. No. just.GS 112/S-KIVU / 1716/2004 .
Prevention of rural women and sustainable capacity through the full development with communities at the base.
Strengthen the capacity of member organizations
Become a framework for dialogue , consultation and organizational synergy.
Make lobbying of indigenous women in the intervention areas of the member organizations .
Search donors for member organizations .
Organize the management of cross-cutting activities between member organizations .
- Participate in the advancement of women and the development of it by instruction and professional training in order to help support themselves .
- Creating socio -economic and cultural activities contribute to its development.
- Improve the physical environment , social and cultural development to promote equal participation in community life for its effective integration into society .
- Encouraging the spirit of independence and creativity of participation
voluntary and freely given to
the work of his own development
- Allow the women's access to appropriate health care .
- Create a computer and business center for women (literacy, cutting and sewing , agriculture and livestock ) .
- Strengthen the synergy of women on the prevention of women, orphans and vulnerable children , mobilize society on the rights of women.
- Fight against idleness and juvenile delinquency youth and other vulnerable ..
- Reproduction and Health ;
- Adult Education ;
- Education for peace and non- violence;
- Prevention of rights of the child
- Appropriate communication ;
- Community Development
- Mission and Conference
- Prevention of rights of women , the fight is on the right lead
- Training in business
Kabare cirunga :
- Creating and opening a center
Cutting and sewing Kaziba
- Awareness on HIV / AIDS and disability with the support of prolus / cepac ;
- Creating and opening a literacy center mosho buirembe .
- Distribution of credit to 25 women raped luhango ninjda .
- Distribution of clothes to widows cirunga
- Seminar peace distribution of Christian literature . A bukavu , Kaziba , goma , Kalemie Uvira , Mumosho Walungu
- ' The Mali school for orphans
Bukavu :
- Opening a Osodi Bukavu office
with a staff of four agents,
- A Coordinator ;
- A charge of programs;
- An administrative secretary;
- A Financial .
- And two RECOMMENDED
Opening six rural branches including:
- Kaziba / Kabare ;
cirugai / Kabare ;
- Kamanyola / Kabare ;
- Mulenge / Uvira ;
- Cirhongo / Walungu ;
- Kadutu / Bukavu.
- Mwenga


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How long does it take to get called for a nursing school interview?
- 0Feb 21, '13 by ruby1989I'm sure every school out there is different, but I was curious to hear other people's experiences. Do nursing schools typically wait until after the application deadline to call you? What if you applied a month before? How long after you applied, did it take you to get called for an interview?
- 0Feb 21, '13 by anashenwrathUsually they'd wait til after the application deadline, especially if they have a strict cap on the number of students.
My school (which is just painfully administratively disorganized--like moreso than most schools) had their app deadline in April, I had an interview around end of May, and I believe I got my offical acceptance call mid-Juneish.
One girl in my class didn't even get a callback until 2 days before classes started (in December) bcs she had been rejected, but then another student withdrew and they had an opening they offered to her.
Wait until the application deadline, and then if you haven't heard anything in a week or two, just give a follow up call to confirm that they're still reviewing candidates.
Good luck!
- 0Feb 22, '13 by anashenwrathI know, the anxiety is the worst part! Best of luck!!!!


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Emily Waldek Named First Team All-UMAC
ST. PAUL - Martin Luther College softball player Emily Waldek was named First Team All-UMAC, while Sara Willems received All-UMAC Honorable Mention this season.
Waldek received the honor after setting a new MLC single-season record with 50 hits. She batted .481 for the season, second-best in the UMAC, and led MLC with 33 runs scored, 12 doubles, three triples and a .533 on-base percentage. Waldek also exhibited terrific strike zone discipline throughout the season, walking ten times against only two strikeouts in 122 plate appearances.
Waldek played left field her first two seasons, but moved to center field in 2014 and impressed the coaches around the conference, who voted her to the All-Defensive team as one of the three-best defensive outfielders in the UMAC.
Willems received honorable mention after setting a new MLC single-season record with eight home runs this season, seven of which came in conference play. She also had the fourth-most runs batted in (32) in a single season in school history, and the fourth-best single-season slugging percentage (.760) in the history of the program.
Andrea Biedenbender received the Sportsmanship Award, which is given to a player on each team who best exemplifies sportsmanship throughout the season.
The Knights finished the 2014 season 15-16 overall, and 9-12 in UMAC play.


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AutoMD.com Offers Top Ten Towing Tips
CARSON, Calif., March 7, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Over 15,000 people have been killed in crashes involving passenger vehicles towing trailers since 1975(1) with more than 65,000 crashes involving passenger vehicles towing trailers occurring in one year alone(2). Lack of knowledge of correct towing techniques is clearly a contributing factor - in fact, a recent study(2) revealed that 71% of Americans who tow admitted to being only somewhat to not knowledgeable about proper towing practices and safety! So, as the Spring/Summer road trip and tow season approaches, the experts at AutoMD.com have put together their Top Ten Towing Tips to make sure that vacation road trippers not only tow their recreational 'toys' safely, but also avoid extra wear and tear on their towing vehicle.
"Driving may still be the best travel choice for families this Spring and Summer, but for those who will be hauling their fun behind them, it is important to remember that without careful planning, attention to equipment and safe driving practices, these extra loads can be a hazard to driver, passengers and vehicle -- and to other drivers as well," said Brian Hafer, VP Marketing at AutoMD.com. "AutoMD.com's Top Ten Towing Tips should help vacationers and their 'toys' arrive safe and sound at their road trip destinations."
There are many things to consider when towing extra cargo. AutoMD.com's Top Ten Towing Tips provide crucial advice for the novice tower, as well as a refresher for those who are more experienced with hauling an extra load.
AutoMD.com's Top Ten Towing Tips The information and advice provided herein is general and intended to be a starting point to gather information about towing practices. You should not rely solely on the information contained herein as it may not be suitable for your particular automobile or situation. Please consult your vehicle and trailer owner's manual before attempting to tow anything.1. Understanding Towing Capacity
Select the service that is right for you!COMPARE ALL SERVICES
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The MacBook Air: world's thinnest laptop
Sir Steve of Cupertino just dropped some bombs at Macworld, the biggest of which being the announcement of a new MacBook Air ultraportable laptop. The thinnest laptop in the world, it measures a mere 0.16 inches thick at the front and 0.76 inches thick at the back. It has a 13.3-inch LED-backlit screen, which should look pretty slick, and it comes with 2GB of RAM standard.
The processor isn't the fastest one around, with the 1.6GHz or 1.8GHz options having been available for well over a year, but you probably won't be looking to do any gaming or anything on this guy anyway. There's an option to add a 64GB solid-state flash drive, but said drive jacks up the price from an expensive $1,800 to a flat-out insane $3,100, so it's probably not a legitimate option for most people. But hey, it's nice to know it's there, right? Via Apple
Via Apple


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Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks is seeking public comment on proposed changes to the 2012-2013 biennial hunting season setting process and the early season migratory bird hunting regulations.
FWP is asking the public to make suggestions and to propose changes to the existing hunting regulations for all game species as part of the 2012-2013 biennial hunting season setting process. Comments must be submitted by Sept. 6 at 5 p.m. The FWP Commission will tentatively adopt proposed 2012-2013 hunting season changes at its December meeting. A period for public review and comment will follow.
FWP officials are also seeking public comment on the proposed early season migratory bird regulations. The regulations would remain unchanged from last year except:
The public may comment on the migratory bird regulations through Aug. 15 at 5 p.m. on the FWP website at fwp.mt.gov on the Hunting page, or write to: FWP—Wildlife Bureau, Attn: Public Comment, P.O. Box 200701, Helena, MT 59620-0701. Final action is scheduled to take place at the Aug. 18 FWP Commission meeting.
For more information, call FWP at 406-444-2612.


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70/4500, 68/4500, or 45/4500 (Must have a very good hydro)
JT Flex or V-force Grillz (I want either tinted lens or mirrored)
Dye Rotor
NXe Pod pack
Jersey (Medium)
Pumps! (Stock class or open class) (I'd really like a nice phantom set-up)
Stock class gear
Older Ego's (2005-2008)
DP Thresholds
Barrel kits
I can pay with paypal, check, money order, or cash.
Feedback is in my sig. If you don't have more then 10 positive feedback, or your not around here for long, you'll ship first.
I don't have much to trade, but if your interested in a PS3, older model, great condition, I can trade that.
I want pictures, descriptions, prices. (Don't try to rip me off, I know how much something is worth)
Please PM me or post.
This post has been edited by Florentine: 14 May 2010 - 05:50 AM


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TPS Motorsports & Norcal SVTOA 6th Annual Toy/ Food Drive & Car Show
-Dec 12th, 9AM-3PM @ TPS
-All cars are invited including Fords, Chevys, Toyotas, Hondas, Dodges, BMWs, Benz, and even Yugo's!
This event is about providing for those in need.
We have collected over 3500 toys and cans of food since the beginning of this
event! This year has been pretty rough on alot of people so let's get out in
force and help those who need it the most. People need our help so let's get
off our butt's and get rolling! Rain or shine this show goes on!
OK, boys and girls... it's time to play Santa
Please bring toys which are UNWRAPPED & FOOD that is NON-PERISHABLE.. ie NO BREAD!
SUNDAY DEC 12th. 9AM-3PM
TPS Motorsports
180 E. Sunnyoaks Blvd. #3
Campbell, CA 95008
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If your team competes in at least three PSP events in 2011, you could win the following Series Prize in your division! Division 1 RaceTo-5: ½ off each 2012 entry for the Pro RaceTo-7 division. Division 2 RaceTo-5: ½ off each 2012 entry for the D1 RaceTo-5 division. Division 3 RaceTo-4: ½ off each 2012Continue reading »
Monthly Archives: "January 2011"
Hotels, Rental Cars and Flights to Galveston
PSP Season Opener on Galveston Island 9020 Stewart Rd Galveston, TX 77554 March 11 – 13, 2011 Gulf-front condos for 6 people at $92 per night! PSP Events and the Galveston Island Convention and Visitors Bureau are pleased to invite you to the 2011 PSP season opener, which will be held during spring break MarchContinue reading »
Planet Eclipse Master Sponsor of the PSP!
Planet Eclipse: Proud Supporters and Master Sponsor of the PSP Tournament Series! Join Planet Eclipse Pro Teams in playing one of the greatest paintball sporting events in the world! Dynasty, Impact, X-Factor, Aftershock and Vicious. See you in the pits! Planet Eclipse tech staff will be attending all events to help support our product andContinue reading »
DXS Sponsor the PSP!
Procaps Direct: Integrity, Pride, and Performance National Sales Service Center 1-877-722-5590 DXS: MASTER SPONSORS 2011 PSP Tournament Series! DXS delivers the World's Finest Tournament Paint made especially for each venue's climate conditions. Our Climate Controlled Paint Trailer Crew will be at all PSP Events in 2011. Place your paint order for the March 11 –Continue reading »
APPA Releases Classification Update
Log in to your APPA player profile to check your current Universal Classification: http://www.paintball-players.org/cgi-bin/playerprofile.cgi After carefully examining the performance of the Universal Classification system following last season's major revamp, we are pleased to announce a few adjustments to the system for 2011 that will build on the previous revamp to make the system perform evenContinue reading »
G.I. SPORTZ Sponsors the PSP!
Shoot 4-STAR Imperial Paintballs at PSP Galveston Island March 11 – 13, 2011 G.I. Sportz will be at each event with the World Cup Winning 4-STAR Imperial Paintballs supplied to the players from the G.I. Sportz climate controlled paint trailer! For more information email email@example.com or visit http://www.gisportz.com today!Continue reading »
Sample Field Layout
The PSP recently announced some changes to the league beginning with the 2011 season, including plans to "adjust position of bunkers to better suit a wider variety of players". Below is an example of a 2011 PSP Field Layout. Although this particular layout will not be used, it displays the type of changes PSP willContinue reading »
Galveston Hotels, Resorts, Condos & RV Parks
Hotels, Resorts, Condos & RV Parks – Over 300 rooms already sold! Venue Address: 9020 Stewart Rd Galveston, TX 77554 After just a few days, over 300 rooms have already been booked for the Galveston Island PSP March 11 – 13, 2011 event! Be sure to book your room before they fill up! New offersContinue reading »
Roundtrip Airport Shuttle for $60!
Staying close enough to the Galveston Island venue that you really won't need a rental car? Great, save your money! Have players coming in at all different times and into different airports? For just $30 each way from Houston Hobby or $35 each way from IAH (George Bush Int. Airport) you can be shuttled intoContinue reading »
Galveston Island Air, Car & Train Deals
The PSP has arranged several flight, car rental, train and hotel discounts for all PSP Galveston Island attendees. Below are some of the flight and car deals with more coming next week! (The event dates are March 11 – 13, 2011) Event Address: 9020 Stewart Rd Galveston, TX 77554 Flights Galveston Island is a shortContinue reading »