text:
Suckerfish Dropdowns
128 Reader CommentsBack to the Article
...works fine. At least, it does in version 1.1 (comes with OS X 10.3). I agree that it's broken in version 1.0. The good news is that this means Apple are addressing all these incompatibilities that are being reported…
I still have 10.2.8 on my work system and as such Safari 1.0 and the drop down menus appear in the upper left hand corner of the screen. On my other system I upgraded to Panther and it has a newer version of Safari which works perfectly. I wonder if we need to keep an older version of Safari for testing purposes as some people may not upgrade immediately? The more the merrier as far as browsers is great but just makes our jobs as designers a little tougher.
As we learned in the previous issue, display: none effectively hides the content from the screen readers. So is this TRULY accessible or are the screen readers only going to get the top level items and not the secondary items?
Finally a dropdown that looks great and works great. Good article on the technique.
Is there any way to go and create decendent lists from the child list?
As Blakems just mentioned above we are working on getting further nested levels in the dropdowns now and have gone most of the way to making this work. The javascript patch for IE is simple enough, it just needs to recurse through any child nodes to attach the behaviour. However, the CSS is another thing… We'll keep you posted. Any ideas greatly appriecated.
Andy, as I understand it (and I don't have much experience with screen readers, so I may be wrong here), the submenu items probably won't be accessible as-is. If any of the screen readers support Javascript, you could also add an onfocus handler to the script code, which would allow the menus to expand on tab selection as well. The HI of that is a little odd, but it seems possible. Of course, I don't know that any screen readers would support this in any case. Joe? But at least on the sites I've worked on, dropdown menus are frills. They save you a step in your navigation, but if your top-level categories are intelligently designed, that's all they get you—the top-level category you need is hopefully obvious, and when you follow the top-level link, the subnavigation will probably appear early on the index page anyway. So I don't know. I'm something of an accessibility (and standards) advocate, but I'm also a pragmatist. And I'd rather have pretty-good accessibility than none, particularly if the differential is small, and perfection is unattainable. Of course, since I'm arguing that dropdowns are optional, it might be more equitable to have *no-one* get to have dropdowns, since after all, they aren't really necessary. I guess my question becomes "is the utility of dropdown menus for your audience such that it's acceptable to offer them to only part of that audience?" And I can't answer that for you. ...It might be the client's call in a lot of cases, anyway.
I just tested the bare-bones version in JAWS 4.5, and it worked beautifully. JAWS read the menus as normal lists and sublists. The links were also available via the List Links command (Insert + F7), commonly used by users to cut to the chase. I see no problems with this drop-down menu approach and JAWS 4.5.
The fallback option for non-css browsers is clear: plain HTML. What about IE with JS deactivated? That's 13-15% of all users, a group too large to get served plain HTML.
Making the dropdown titles link to a certain section will mean those users won't get the full multi-level functionality of the dropdown menus but they will have single-level navigational menu. If they are used as an extra navigational tool (as discussed), they can simply be seen as a bonus to those with scripting capabilities rather than a detriment to those without.
When I went to the pretty example, with the OSX like drop downs with the latest IE6 on XP, the menus "flash" as I mouse between options. What happens is that the background (the light gray lines) disapears and then reloads. It's really annoying. I checked in Opera and it was (predictably) smooth, so is there any idea why this is happening for IE6?
I have seen this display bug a lot in old versions of mozilla and netscape 7, but never in IE although I have seen many others. In netscape/moz the problem was always to do with using 'visibility:hidden' or 'display:none' to hide menus with anchor tags. The solution was to position the menu 'off-stage' when in it's off state - simply done by changing the positioning value to something like 'top:-100px'. In this way you never need to change the visibility or display states so it works around the bug. I have IE6 on XP and I see no problem whatsoever by the way, but if you think it is a problem then try my suggestion as a bug fix.
I don't see anything happening in Opera 7.21 but in Moz1.5 I do (Win2k).
Thanks for a clearly written article with clean, compact standards-compliant code. Very well done.
Dan Many congratulations on producing this and circumventing some of the bugs in browsers. I'm going to test it on JAWS next week when I can (Thursday or Friday) so that we can prove its accessibility with users who need this technology. Must remember to take biscuits for his guide dog.
Dan, Patrick, congratulations on the good work. I'm working on the same thing, and have got pretty far. You can check it out at - http://www.aplus.co.yu/Sparks/ADxMenu/ - it might give you some ideas while you work on nested levels code. At first, I was thinking on doing similar to what you did, using CSS at fullest and then compensating for IE's lack of :hover support. I gave that up because of real world usability problems (I'm developing the menu and use it at the same time at the client web site). I reverted to larger Javascript use to be able to accomodate problems like: - large menu list goes off the visible screen area
- icon support (item icon and submenu arrow)
- problems with menu being used in the pos:relative and float:left or right layouts, when in IE you have all kinds of overlapping.
- easy switch between vertical and horizontal use Part of these problems and how I solved them can be seen in the three posts I have at the address above. I plan to add another post with some new tweaks I dealt with, this weekend. Also, as the menu is used on the bookmaker's web wite with lots of forms, I added the code that deals with windowed controls punching through the menu layers. Feel free to use any of the code in your future work (which I assume is GPL or CC based), as I will certainly review my code based on what you two published here and possibly simplify it.
Some of the problems you mention could actually be solved with CSS:
icon support by using backgound images,
IE problem with position and float with the the li > ul bit mentioned in the article,
horizontal display using position or display properties.
No workie in Opera. Elmo sad :(
I tested it in Opera and it worked fine. It was the latest version (7.2 I think). Maybe it messes up in earlier versions. Is it the examples that don't work? What happens?
I havn't tested it but if "display: none;" causes the content to be hidden from some text-readers, maybe a "overflow: hidden;" and "clip: rect(0,0,0,0);" could be used to hide the sub-menus, and then set "overflow: visible;" to show it for the hover state.
LazyJim I played around with overflow and clip and came up with http://www.htmldog.com/articles/suckerfish/bones/bones2.html which does the overflow thing, but sets height to zero rather than using clip. It seems to work in IE 6 Win, Mozilla 1.5 and Opera 7.2. I would be really interested to find out what the results are of this overflow method compared to the display method in screen readers, which I unfortunately don't have access to right now.
Build 3144
Platform Win32
System Windows XP
First of all thank you very much for this solution. Unfortunately, I'm still at that stage were I'm not sure if it's me or the browser when it comes to quirks. I'm scripting my student government website and have been waiting to ditch the milonic menu system (an abysmal piece of dhtml hackery). Anyway, it seems to be working fine in Moz 1.5, Firebird .7 perfectly. I've hit a minor snag in safari 1.1 where leaving the menu doesn't hide the dropped menus. But I'll chalk that up to safari seeing as it's lagging simply refreshing simply color change hover events in the menu. Moz 1.6a works fine for the most part but only the first few options within the dropped menus are selectable, mousing further down the list causes it to hide as if you intended to leave the menu. Again I'm chalking this one up to the browser and the alpha status. As far as IE 6 it begins by not showing the drop downs If I use the selector #nav li ul { /* for second-level lists */ or
ul#nav li ul { /* second-level lists */ I can't afford to simply use li ul as I do have other sub lists and I figured this was the easiest way to get around applying style to other innocent elements. Additionally, IE seems to be adding a margin or a border to each li item in the sub list if I do use the general li ul selector where it will work. I'm really desperate for some help as sadly I've had to do this site form scratch by myself with some help from one of my friends back home, troubleshooting these things is becoming tedious (not that you're strangers to that). If anybody has any suggestions for this scenario I'd love to hear them. Additionally, if you happen to notice any other problems that'd be cool to.
Isn't there a much easier way of doing this? ul li a {
display: block;
width: 100%}
ul li a:hover ul {
display: block} Works in my experience.
'Fraid not. You can't nest a list within an anchor element.
Great technique. Just what I was looking for. As for the Opera comments, I'm using the still unoffical build 3221 (version 7.22 on WinXP) and it works fine…
It didn't work on Opera 7.20 at work but on 7.21 at home (haven't upgraded my copy at work yet). Maybe a bug in 7.20.
> Some of the problems you mention could
> actually be solved with CSS… I do use CSS as much as possible - DOM is used purely to position elements where needed.
I don't see how to control whether is menu going off the visible screen area, using CSS. You need to know how large your menu is, what is available client width etc.
As for multiple levels, I always wanted as simple code as possible, but as soon as I got into advanced features, I inevitably enter the realm of heavy DOM use. If one have multiple nested lists, using li:hover ul { display: block; } will show all of them, not just first sub-level. You can't use li:hover > ul { display: block; } either, because UL is not the first child (it's plain text node or A element). > IE problem with position and float with the
> the li > ul bit mentioned in the article I'm not sure what you mean?
I'm speaking about the problem explained here:
http://www.aplus.co.yu/Techs/24/ - not sure whether li > ul can help to overcome that problem… I have finished, clean script that solves all the problems (except accessibility :( ) and I will publish it on my web site, but I'm not as nearly satisfied as I want to be. It requires each list item to be A element.
I find that too restrictive, so I'm working on revised code, partially using the code you published here.
I agree that there is a disadvantage of the Suckerfish method in that it can not tell if a sub-menu goes off screen. I'm not a big fan of multi-level dropdowns, but it is certainly possible with CSS and Dan and myself intend to tackle it in the near future. It would involve something like displaying the next level (li ul) lists on hover, but explicitly not displaying third level (li ul ul) lists. For example, something like: li:hover ul {display: block}
li:hover ul ul {display: none}
On your other note, the li>ul bit in the article works because IE has a philosophy that children shouldn't be seen or heard. Everything within the li>ul selector is ignored by IE Win. So, the top and left properties are set initially to fix the IE float / position problem and then are reset with the li>ul selector.
I am sorry for not having read the entire discussion, but here's my bit I developed yesterday without even knowing anyone has been working on it… Unfortunately… no way to know weather we are offscreen… The multi-nested dropdown UL that works in Moz, Opera and ** (thou shalt not swear). Unfortunately I have to use some browser sniffing for Opera, as it has a rather nasty bug with no workaround…*(It's stupid, but if you nest an UL inside LI and then set CSS so that UL tries to align with {top: 0} of the parrent, opera will align UL with top of parent's parent - not LI's, but UL's… Really stupid.) Also, I have some freakish fancy things done with borders, as it seems, that {border: 1px} confuses the aligns… Other than that I use **'s native <!—[if gte IE 5]> to make sure IE opens ULs and paints LIs as needed. Here's the URL: Left aligned
http://pig.merjasec.com/toni/css/left Right aligned
http://pig.merjasec.com/toni/css/riht If anyone comes up with an idea how to detect weather we're offscreen without JS, he deservs a nobel price. Take care!
http://www.brainjar.com/dhtml/menubar/demo2.html seems to do it. Check out the upper-right dropdown, nested from "Button 1".
No :) Mike is using DOM scripting to determine whether menu is off-screen. There is no way to do it, since CSS is not build to worry about UA size (since for some UAs this is not applicable).
While this method works very well for some browsers, it does not for Netscape 4. It seems that more than a few of the "CSS methods" do not work for Netscape 4. Is this an issue you will address?
As netscape4 is not CSS2 compatible, there is no way this would ever work.
I am (pesonally) focusing on 2 types of browsers: CSS2 compliant and non-compliant, of which I assume, that the non-compliant one will ignore all CSS. There is simply too much legacy browsers to keep eye on them, while trying to make mainstream ones work properly. Here's a bit of a rant to this effect:
I assume, that anyone using an old web browser has a reason to do so. If the reason is knowledge:

I have a dog slow machine

I have only alpha numeric screen

My IT manager is Hitler, he wont let me install anything

I just love this ** 2.1 that came with ******* 95

I guess they know what they are doing and can turn the broken CSS support off if they want to browse the net. On the other hand, if the user is plain dumb, there is no help. If he does not know what year this is, or he can not find his new browser (even though he has been on the net long enough to harbour one of those old browsers) - I have no sympathy for him. Let him think my design sucks, he is of no consequence to anything (ie - can not harm me). Sorry about this rant, but I had to do it… Bye!
As netscape4 is not CSS2 compatible, there is no way this would ever work.
I am (pesonally) focusing on 2 types of browsers: CSS2 compliant and non-compliant, of which I assume, that the non-compliant one will ignore all CSS. There is simply too much legacy browsers to keep eye on them, while trying to make mainstream ones work properly. Here's a bit of a rant to this effect:
I assume, that anyone using an old web browser has a reason to do so. If the reason is knowledge:

I have a dog slow machine

I have only alpha numeric screen

My IT manager is Hitler, he wont let me install anything

I just love this ** 2.1 that came with ******* 95

I guess they know what they are doing and can turn the broken CSS support off if they want to browse the net. On the other hand, if the user is plain dumb, there is no help. If he does not know what year this is, or he can not find his new browser (even though he has been on the net long enough to harbour one of those old browsers) - I have no sympathy for him. Let him think my design sucks, he is of no consequence to anything (ie - can not harm me). Sorry about this rant, but I had to do it… Bye!
Oh, the dream of a lightweight, accessible, standards-compliant, cross-browser-compatible method! It doesn't work in Opera 7.20 ! Dream on…
Nice method but it doesn't seem to work in Netscape 6.
Doesn't the use of CSS and JavaScript mean that for 95% of people this is still a DHTML method?
Netscape 4:
No, the dropdowns don't work in Netscape 4. Because the HTML is structured however, if you import the CSS with an @import at-rule, all of the CSS will be hidden from NN4.x and fully functional HTML will remain.
Personally, I don't believe anything should be compromised to accommodate NN4 any more. The number of users are tiny and decreasing and the disadvantages of looking after the browser (hacks, heavier pages and the resulting decrease in usability for the majority, alternate versions, resulting problems for mobile interfaces etc.) far outweigh the advantages (erm… NN4 users). And as I said, if things are done right, anything relying on CSS should degrade nicely, retaining completely functional pages.
Apparently, from what people have said here in the discussions, the dropdowns don't work in Opera 7.20, but it's all hunky dorey in 7.21.
I seem to remember trying this out in Opera some time ago (can't remember what version - probably 7.something) and it worked when the IE-fix JavaScript wasn't there.
Obviously, we want this method to work on as many browsers as possible but the point of our method was really that it's extremely compact and that the markup and execution of the menus mean that they degrade gracefully on most browsers (Currently, the only ones that we've encountered that doesnt degrade well are some versions of Safari - which we are looking at). For instance, on the versions of Opera that it doesnt work on you still can click on the top level menu items and navigate the site. This to me is acceptible behaviour as the user can still use the site, just not with the quick way in that dropdowns give you. While we are working on making it work on as many browsers as possible I don't think it's wise to bloat it out too much and lose its simplicity and compactness.
For a somewhat lengthy, and depreciated explanation of why Opera 7.20 may be failing, see here: http://www.treetrybe.com/imm/archives/2003/09/#m00000390 I suggest you check your build.
Ignore that previous post. I hadn't seen the posts that said OP7.20 build 3144 was experiencing the problem (and it is). That link won't help.
So simple and so beautiful! Just great!! ;-)
> Left aligned
> http://pig.merjasec.com/toni/css/left This seems to work fine. I checked in Opera 7, Firebird .7 and IE 5 and 6 (on Win). In IE4 is not working, meaning that it should gracefully downgrade, which is not. In O6 is displaying just the top level, which I gather should be just as fine if each top-level link contains the links to nested items. Ideal menu script would be working correctly in:
- IE5+ (since it is holding overwhelming majority of users)
- any Gecko or KHTML based browser
- Opera 7 For anything else, it should just display the plain old HTML list. As for me, this checklist should be working for any styling at all, which is "If you don't have the latest, your problem" approach.
Yes, I agree. I had to resort to JS to compensate for 2 of the major blunders of **6 browser: 1.
It does not handle anything but a: hover, so li:hover only works in Gecko.type (G.type) and Opera browsers. 2.
**6 does not understand the > sign for child UL, so a JS method has to be used to show the hidden UL. Both errors are there because of **'s lack of support for standards. And in my case I sniff Opera up to compensate for Opera's bug in formating 'top' to parent's parent. So yes.. it's kinda DHTML, but then againt… it isn't. It's like DCSS :)
On my version of IE6 Win2K the load time after mouse movement is way to slow to be usable. There is a definite pause of a second between when I stop the mouse and when the background loads. If I'm just scrolling up and down the menu I never see the background.
After uninstalling and reinstalling Opera, the program itself is working once again, and the menues work just fine.
Let's consider my solution ... http://www.magnin-sante.ch/journal/html/menu3/menuhorizontal.htm It's very similar than the Suckerfish Dropdowns.
Doesnt drop down with Opera 6.02 OSX…
I'm glad for the elegant solution to IE's problems displaying the li:hover CSS. Thanks. But I don't really understand Javascript, and I'd really like to use this sort of system, but with the current page's subnavigation expanded by default. I'd like a sidebar navigation, where the subnavigation for the page you're on begins expanded, and other pages expand on rollover (pushing downward within the same column). The page I'm working on does that in Mozilla/Opera/Safari (using the CSS method), but I can't figure out how to combine what I'm doing (inspired/borrowed from http://www.kalsey.com/tools/csstabs/) with the Suckerfish methos so it all works in IE (&$*%). My testing server is at http://ellis-unix.cas.ohiou.edu/. Has anybody done this successfully? Or is there a simple change to the javascript that would let me recurse through my subnavigation as I've got it? Thanks.
I've been looking for a while for sometng that does just this (ul/li into a nice nav menu) for my church website. Then ALA pulls one out of the bag! Excellent.
> On your other note, the li>ul bit in the
> article works because IE has a philosophy that
> children shouldn't be seen or heard.
> Everything within the li>ul selector is
> ignored by IE Win I was puzzled by your response, and couldn't help thinking that I'm misunderstood. So, I've taken the pretty example from the article, and enclosed all of the content below the menu into

 Take a look: http://www.aplus.co.yu/suckerfish/index.html You'll see that submenu is not displaying at all in Opera 7 or Firebird 0.7, and in Explorer is going below the content of RP div. I tackled with this a bit and the solution is: http://www.aplus.co.yu/suckerfish/index2.html Menu itself must be RP with a fairly large z-index, which will put it above anything else and thus allow it to work as needed.
For this particular example, IE 6 did not show the menu at all, unless its enclosing DIV was absolutely positioned. This is not always the case as I have similar configuration in another project where is working correctly with pos: relative. There can be further problems with the pos:relative usage - it all depends where is menu placed. To avoid all problems, its enclosing DIV must be in the BODY. If it's in some other positioned element, there are certainly cases when this problem can appear again, so this is something to keep in mind. Toni's example is having the sme problem, of course: http://www.aplus.co.yu/toni/
I don't believe this particular instance has been discussed. When viewing the barebones version of the dropdown with IE5 for the Mac, v5.2.3 (ships with Panther, and is the current DL at MSFT), the submenu pops out to the side: http://bhess.net/images/ie5macsuckerfish.jpg Doh!
Thanks Guy's for the excellent menu and inspiration you have provided. For years IE has made it impossible to do a pure CSS drop down menu now with the help of a minute JavaScript file we can do magic. After reading your article I went ahead and created my own menu which allows multiple levels and a vertical version as well.
http://www.csscreator.com/menu/multimenu.php Thanks again for the inspiration.
Inspired by all this posts, I recoded the menu I have, using much of what was discussed here. http://www.aplus.co.yu/Sparks/ADxMenu/34/ It's a long read, since I tried to explain every step.
I put this menu on a test page from my site http://www.stangeek.com/test/to.html and strangely, when the menus drop down, they are semi-transparent with the content that appears on the page below the menu. I'm not doing anything in the CSS for the
 below the menus that would account for this, that I know of. I've tested in Mozilla Firebird 0.7 and MSIE 6, both on WinXP and I get the same behavior in both. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, Stan
Aleksandar, the example you give (and describe on your weblog) is very nice and well developed as I say so for myself. But after reading the following articles from PPK (http://www.quirksmode.org/): Keep CSS Simple
http://www.digital-web.com/columns/keepitsimple/keepitsimple_2003-11.shtml Keep Javascript Simple
http://www.digital-web.com/columns/keepitsimple/keepitsimple_2003-07.shtml I thought by myself, isn't your example having to much Javascript tricks and to much CSS hacks? When I view your source (the html, javascript and CSS source) I must say that there is a lot of code to get something simple working like this. The examples which Tony gave in a previous posting and the referral that someone else gave to a script made by Peter Nederlof look much more 'simple' than your example. Maybe this is worth thinking about this.
> I thought by myself, isn't your example having
> to much Javascript tricks and to much CSS
> hacks? When I view your source (the html,
> javascript and CSS source) I must say that
> there is a lot of code to get something simple
> working like this It all depends on what you want and need. I'm using this throughout the client's web site, where I can have one or two menus on the same page (Stan James example). Site spec is such that I can either use DOM+CSS menu or select list. And I utterly hate the site of drop-down box in the middle of top navigation (not to mention what client thinks of that).
Also, that is bookie web site with lots of forms and 1 to 3 drop-downs at the page top, just below top nav. If it wasn't for the WCH (script that hides windowed controls) I would be doomed to show/hide, as StanJames's current site works. So, for me - no, this is just fine. Actually, excellent. Compared to previous menu script used (with tables and lots of browsers tweaks) this code is 3x smaller. (When we finally deploy this new web site, I plan to post a write-up about it, as I think it would be very helpfull for anyone designing something complicated like this). > But after reading the following articles
> from PPK… I completly disagree with his article about CSS hacks. But this is not the place to discuss it.
As for Javascript part, I partially agree, but again - this discussion thread is not about these articles.
It's sad the Digital Web is not using blogs for such articles.
> I put this menu on a test page from my site
> http://www.stangeek.com/test/to.html and
> strangely, when the menus drop down, they are > semi-transparent with the content that appears URL you posted is using gazingus.org's menu script, not Suckerfish dropdowns. Are you sure you posted the question to the right place? :)
Thanks, Aleksander. I'd been playing with both when I posted that comment. Got confused about which was which. Sorry.
Is there a solution/hack for the problem of dropdowns going behind form controls and Flash content?
> Is there a solution/hack for the problem
> of dropdowns going behind form controls
> and Flash content? You can have a look at the website of Aleksandar (who has posted more comments within this article). On his website you can find the following javascript code which will help you to hide the window controls in Internet Explorer: http://www.aplus.co.yu/Sparks/WindCtrlHider/ He is also using this for his dropdown menu example: http://www.aplus.co.yu/Sparks/ADxMenu/34/
> Is there a solution/hack for the problem of
> dropdowns going behind form controls and Flash
> content? apartness already pointed you to the script on my site. For IE drop-downs, that is the way to go. If only Flash files are troubling you, then you can save some download time (meaning not using WCH script) if you add this to Flash object tag (or as attribute for embed): More details at: http://www.macromedia.com/support/flash/ts/documents/wmode.htm WCH does not require this parameter - layer will be drawn over flash file in any case. Mozilla and Opera 7 can layer-over drop-downs, but I think that they require parameter above for Flash.
Flash is a nasty beast, better avoided than covered with menus. Here's my "simple solution"* to the problem: http://jaslice.rkc.si Sorry about the strange language, though (and yes, the menu doesn't work in Opera yet… :) *no flames
Thanks for this article, well written and very useful. I've been trying to implement this and have been successful except for one small instance in IE (quelle surprise….) In the dropdowns, when I rollover the menu options I'd like to change the background image of the li li object. This works fine in Mozilla using the standard CSS e.g. #menu li li:hover, #menu li li.over {
background: url(../images/global/menu/menu_dropdown_background_on.gif) #ffffff bottom right no-repeat;} As you can see I'm trying to get IE to do the same using the .over notation for the top level but it's refusing to do it. Any ideas ?
I thought, is nested lists the most semantically correct way to do a menu with subs? What about two separated lists instead? One with the "main menu" and another with the submenu placed directly under the first? Ex

 link1

 link2

 sublink1

 sublink2

In that way the most relevant links appears first (semantically speakin) and then the next level.
I've ben modding the list to get the design and effects I want. Most of all I want to show the
list on top and not below the navigation, for that I changed the top: 1em; to bottom: 16px; I use px due to my layout, etc. Now using bottom works perfect in Mozilla and IE but not in Opera 7.23 The list will display on the bottom of the page instead of above the navigation. Does Opera has issues with the bottom property?
Dear group, I have added to my lists so the sentence does not break into two lines on my pulldown menus (see below).
What's New;
 However, this does not validate as XHTML 1.0 transitional (w3c markup validation msg below) cannot generate system identifier for general entity "nbspNew"
reference not terminated by REFC delimiter Is there a fix around using the character or should I not worry too much abut failure to validate? Cheers, Paul
Doesn't work well for me in IE6 Win 2K. The background colors of the dropdowns in the pretty example flash—sometimes there sometimes not
Paul, check your code - it loks like you have left the semi-colon off the end of the non-breaking space, so the validator tries to read it all as one entity. And IMO, trying to make pages validate is A Good Thing. It's always worth worrying about.
Menu can see perfectly in Mozilla1.5, but only high level links works :( any help? Thanks in advance.
This is a great and easily explained article. Is there a way to have this type of dropdowns that is within a left or right side that when block is shown it pushes everything below down or would this have to be accomplished with Javascript? Thanks
Unfortunatly this doesnt work at all in the Konqueror web browser.
Maybe Im a bit obssesed about this but I realy do make every effort to make my pages work in every possible browser. As you may well imagine this often results in my having to leave out effects that i would like to use. I have yet to find a technique that will produce dropdowns that work well in every browser. It'a annoying but i havent found a way round it yet. But as a designer im just not prepared to produce pages that wont work correctly in one or more browsers. So like i would guess pretty much everyone says; roll on the day for universaly standards compliant browsers. If there is a technique that works universaly i would be very interested to know what it is.
thanks for this article, it's super stuff! I got the menu working (IE5+) and it looks good. Now, on our intranet entry page there are three lists of links where a couple of list items in each should have the mouseover function. It sounds worse than it is! I wont start justifying why one would need more than one "navigation" menu on one page, but instead go to the point: how would I make this work? Just pasting the same menu twice on the page won't work. I suspect the solution is in the javascript - not being very script-literate I would appreciate all help. Thank you in advance!
Over at http://mobius-restaurant.com/bar/menu.htm I've set up the menus, and they work brilliantly in IE6 and Opera7. However, I've run into a problem in Mozilla1.5. The restaurant (in the middle) dropdown works well until you hover over an item that happens to be on top of the
 - at which point the menu disappears. It only happens if
 uses overflow: auto; or overflow: scroll. Make it hidden or visible and the menu works just fine. Any ideas bar moving
 further down to stop the dropdown going over it?
I have only recently found out about this site. It is wonderful! I have set up a menu on my test server and they work great everywhere except Safari version 1.0. I read the earlier posts regarding this issue. I have tried numerous tweaks to get it to work, all to no avail. I am wondering if anyone else has been able to successully get a menu to display properly in Safari 1.0?
I've got the drop down menu working fine in IE and Opera, but in Mozilla 1.6a and Galeon, the hyperlinks don't work. When you do an onClick event, the sub menu disappears but nothing else happens. In Konqueror, it's even wors. The Drop Down List doesn't even appear. Any help would be really appreciated as I do want this to work.
I too would love to find a way to make this usable for Safari 1.0 users - even if it was just hiding the submenus. Currently it looks like trash. So sad. :( All in all, it's a beautiful menu solution. My favorite so far.
This technique is sooo close. It's useable, but really difficult to implement with cross-browser consistency unless you tailor your design to accommodate browser quirks and limitations, as your demo does quite effectively. But there's another concession you neglected to mention. I've noticed that in the markup of the working demo ("pretty" version), the link in each top-level list item is wrapped in a semantically / structurally meaningless set of div tags:

Overview
 The need for this isn't explained in the article; but as you evidently discovered, without the extra div all current browsers except ie 5.5 & 6 will insert space after the link when you roll over it—shifting the list-item links following it to the right on mouseover. The behavior is unacceptable. But the needless div is also an undesirable compromise. If anyone can come up with a better workaraound, please post it here. Thanks.
Can anybody tell… why this nice little dropdown do not work in this demo ??
I have tested it in Netscape, Mozilla (Mandrake) and Galeon and it works fine, but not in IE 6.1.
Can anybody help?
when i add this line li:hover, li.over ul mozilla stops working and when i hover the menu flashes and then it shifts some of the top level elements to the next line. Any ideas?
Nice menu but its not 508 compliant. I'm a real nut when it comes to standards. Chuck
This is very short and sweet, and I appreciate that. Question… isn't there some way to keep the menus on top/above of other content, like forms and images, instead of the menus hiding underneath them?
Finding this article made me extremely happy, up until I got far in my project and then realized this horrid situation with IE - the drop down menus started flickering everytime my mouse is over them!
As I went to the suckerfish example I was shocked to find out that they were flickering too.
Strange, the only thing I did was installing STYLEVISION 2004… Any ideas why this is happening?
I found a post here that helped me figure out what was the problem with the flickering effect on IE - it's the "Check for newer versions of stored pages" set on "Every visit to the page". If you change that to "Automatically" it will work fine. But this a major setback… Anybody have ideas to fix this bug?
I am seeing a similar problem as can be seen
here: http://www.pizza.org/asta/ Any ideas on how to fix this?
Welll, I don't like it. A background image for a DHTML Menu is a big no-no. I have built my DHTML menus on simple principles, as can be seen at sfhe.cjb.net. As PPK noted, A List Apart is nothing more than some childish wow-factor scripts. Dante has spoken.
startList = function() {
if (document.all&&document;.getElementById) {
navRoot = document.getElementById("nav");
for (i=0; i<navRoot.childNodes.length; i++) {
node = navRoot.childNodes;
if (node.nodeName=="LI") {
node. {
this.className+=" over";
node. {
this.className=this.className.replace(" over", "");
window. The .NET generated web page using this script is XHTML Transitional compliant. Any idea what may be happening? Sam
I found the cause of the JS error I mentioned previously within minutes after making the post. Funny how that happens so often. My .NET page hides the drop-down menus at times, which effectively removes them from the XHTML completely. I'm not a JS programmer. Can the JS be modified not to error if no menu is present? Sam
Sometimes old dogs learn new tricks. Here's a revision that doesn't error out when the menu isn't present: startList = function() {
if (document.all&&document;.getElementById) {
navRoot = document.getElementById("nav");
if ( navRoot ) {
for (i=0; i<navRoot.childNodes.length; i++) {
node = navRoot.childNodes;
if (node.nodeName=="LI") {
node. { this.className+=" over"; }
node. {this.className=this.className.replace(" over", "");}
use the z-index. If you set the z-index of your main UL to 2 or 3, it and all its contents (incl. any popup menus) will appear on top of anything else on the page.
That article was the most god-awful piece of crap excuse for a DHTML menu I've ever seen. And I've seen zpub.com. If you could take your nose out of Mozilla's ass for just a second you'd see a lot. "Gee. Why not make the CSS work in every browser except the most used one". It's like I said:
"A List Apart is nothing but pages with
blah-blah wannabe web-developer text that have
pretty pictures at the top."
One thing I cannot figure out is how to align the drop down list ul to align to the left with its parent li. It always seems to be indented by 1px. See the first drop down menu (overview) of the suckerfish drop down (http://www.htmldog.com/articles/suckerfish/example/). Would there be an easy fix to get this to align left? Best Regards, Scott Taylor
I have created a simple behavior (.htc script) for IE5+ browsers to emulate :hover sub-classes with help of normal classes. And creted an example for drop-down lists. You can find it here:
Alrighty. I stumbled across this page last night, and I am happier. I've been looking for an 'easy' way to do just what this script does. But, in trying to make NS7.1, IE6, Opera7.23 happy, I am struggling. I'm in the process of re-laying out my site and need to at least get the top2.htm file right so I can include it across the board. That might be wise, but it's a work in progress. Can someone tell me why my menu is centered in NS, but not Opera or IE? I think it's a margin issue… this be the BSS beast that keeps growing.. http://wanderingproductions.com/images/main.css and this is the page: http://wanderingproductions.com/top2.htm as you can see, the pic is centered. the rest ain't (outside of NS7). I am… perplexed. thanks folks
Sean and Dante, I guess giving out advice is easy from your lofty position. I mean, inventing a browser with no refresh, that doesn't show you what page you are on and that can't even spell the month correctly - that's pretty intense stuff. http://www.geocities.com/seanmhall2003/homepage.html Matt
I was working on a DHTML menu when discover this CSS Dropdown and love it. But there's some things that I wish to know (all about graphical interface): 1. How to implement a css rollover for the first list and a different rollover for the second one. (I have one working great in Mozilla Firebird but doesn't work in IE6 and Opera 7). 2. Is it possible to use this CSS Dropdown menu to make something like the http://www.mediatemple.net/ navigation? Thanks in advance.
Noemi, thanks for your tip on Z index! I thought it could be done, just didn't remember the name for it. :) Now for my next confusion: can these be more than 3 menus/links/divs wide? I noticed the examples using this are just three. Is this because the divs/LIs are float left, none, and right? Could I make more menus by using a table first then put each div/LI in a td and not use the float? ..something like that?
I was wondering if anyone tried pre-caching the background image for the drop down menu, as you would for javascript rollovers. It would appear that IE is not caching the image, obviously. It is interesting that changing the setting for "check for new versions of cached pages" to anything but "every visit to page" corrects the situation. It never was necessary for Javascript rollovers, where you would change the source of the image, once the image was downloaded, it remained.
Let me add my congratulations on this clean solution that works so well. With your UL/LI drop down menu in place, is there a way to structure things so that unordered lists in the text below these menus can be presented in its default (or similar to default) format?
I tried two different approaches to this. Maybe you will have better luck than I did. First was to give a class (or id) to all the lists used in the menus, with the thought that lists elsewhere in the site wouldn't inherit the styles for the menus that way. But I didn't find a way to do that and keep the menus functioning. Second was make a standard list class with basics defined, so that other lists on the site would use that class and look as defined. This one didn't work for me, as my lists were coming from a content editable area, and so users wouldn't know to add the style. Perhaps those will give you some ideas. Good luck.
A Colleague saw this script on this site ages
ago and sent it to me so that i could try and turn this into a vertical navigation but yet again it's got bugs! as it doesn't work properly in IE6 yet it does in all the other browsers that i have tried (can anybody help with this one!
<title>Test CSS Vertical Navigation</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" c charset=iso-8859-1">
startList = function() {
if (document.all&&document;.getElementById) {
navRoot = document.getElementById("nav");
for (i=0; i<navRoot.childNodes.length; i++) {
node = navRoot.childNodes;
if (node.nodeName=="LI") {
node. {
this.className+=" over";
node. {
this.className=this.className.replace(" over", "");
');
Fixed a couple of problems for you and got it to validate. I got it to work as (I think) you intended in MSIE 6.0, Netscape 7.1, Opera 7.23, Mozilla/Firebird 0.7, K-Meleon 0.8.2. The main to the css changes were: li { Clear: left;
float: left;
clear: none;
float: none;
} li > ul {
top: auto;} See: http://whistlingduck.wrellis.com/menu4.html I am still having issues with my site on Mac browsers. Unfortunately I do not have easy access to a Mac so turnaround is slow. If anyone has any advice I would sure appreciate it.
-William Ellis
URL for aforementioned site is:
http://whistlingduck.wrellis.com/ Sorry about that…
dont forget the doctype:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
i was using Transitional and it wouldn't work in Mac/IE. once i changed to strict, everything worked great.
I'm working on a website for school and my teacher refuses to give up frames. He wants a drop-down menu in a typical side-bar fashion. After trying this example, my drop-downs go outside of the frame so they aren't much good.
I was looking at two solutions, and was wondering if anybody here could help me with either of them. Solution 1: Code the drop-downs in such a way so that the drop-downs push the lower options out of the way, in the same column. Example(hope this works): Heading 1
Heading 2
Heading 3 And when mouse hovers on Heading 2, you get: Heading 1
Heading 2
Option 1
Option 2
Heading 3 You get the idea, right? Solution 2 (may be easier?): His main objections to tables instead of frames is that it's easier to maintain one menu file. So, I was wondering if it would be possible to add in a special HREF that would embed the code for the menu into the table, without having to copy it again. I hope you can understand what I mean… Thanks for the help, and I'm finding this to be a great site for information.
Nice tutorial. Janos - awesome :)


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Norway is one of the world's most maritime nations. The country is long and narrow, with drowned valleys called fjords that bring the sea far inland in most regions. With such a lengthy and rocky shore, it's not surprising that Norway has a large number of lighthouses. This page lists lighthouses of the Karmøy and Haugesund area in northern Rogaland County on the southwest coast of Norway.
Although it has always been considered a separate realm, Norway has only been independent since 1905; it was ruled by the Danish king until 1814 and then by the Swedish king until the Norwegian parliament arranged a peaceful separation of the two kingdoms.
In Norway a lighthouse is simply called a fyr (fire). Aids to navigation are maintained by the Kystverket (Coast Directorate), an agency of the Fiskeri og Kystdepartementet (Fisheries and Coast Department).
ARLHS numbers are from the ARLHS World List of Lights. NF numbers are from the Norsk Fyrliste. Admiralty numbers are from volume B of the Admiralty List of Lights & Fog Signals. U.S. NGA List numbers are from Publication 115.
Utsira Lighthouses
Utsira Light, Utsira, February 2010
Flickr Creative Commons photo by Atle Grimsby
Karmøy Lighthouses
Høgevarde Light, Karmøy, June 2008
Wikimedia Creative Commons photo by Michael Spiller
Geitungen Light, Karmøy
Haugesund Turistforening photo
Åkrehamn Light, Karmøy, January 2009
Flickr Creative Commons photo by Ingve Moss Liknes
Flatmøy Light, Karmøy, Auhust 2010
Flickr Creative Commons photo by Randi Hausken
Haugesund Lighthouses
Røværsholmen Light, Haugesund
Norwegian Culture Ministry photo
Northern Vindafjord Lighthouse
Information available on lost lighthouses:
Notable faux lighthouses:
Adjoining pages: North: Leirvik Area | South: Stavanger Area
Return to the Lighthouse Directory index | Ratings key
Posted May 15, 2006. Checked and revised April 30, 2014. Lighthouses: 36. Site copyright 2014 Russ Rowlett and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.


text:
Overview of the Collection
Biographical Note
Irwin Leonard Betzel graduated from Oregon Agricultural College in 1915 with a BS degree in Pharmacy. While an OAC student, Betzel was a member of the Oxford Club, participated in intramural (class) football and drama productions, and served as business manager of the C-P Journal and as assistant manager of the 1915 Orange during 1913/14. In September 1915, he was appointed Instructor in Pharmacy, a position he held until he was excused for war duty in 1918. After the war, he served as a drug company representative in Portland and later as a pharmacist in Eugene.
Content Description
The scrapbooks include photographs, primarily of students and student activities, and memorabilia, such as programs, clippings, certificates and grade reports, dance cards, invitations, and OAC Pharmacy labels. The photograph album includes predominately portraits of students, in addition to images of student groups and the Oxford Club. The scrapbooks and album include numerous images of Betzel, Florence Knight, Oxford Club members, activities, and house (exterior and interior), and pharmacy groups and trips. Many of the images are identified.
Use of the Collection
Administrative Information
Detailed Description of the Collection


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The Beacon
Blog Tags: Fishing
Video: Andy Sharpless on Fish and World Hunger
Did you know that protecting our oceans could be an answer to world hunger? A few weeks ago our CEO Andy Sharpless gave a talk at TedxSF about how saving the oceans can help feed the world.
We think it's a fantastic, thought-provoking presentation, please watch and pass it on:
Chile to Expand Marine Reserves in 2012
Great news today: The Chilean Government announced its intention to expand the Salas y Gómez marine reserve and to create a smaller reserve in Hanga Roa Bay – the harbor right off the main town and capital of historic Easter Island. This new marine conservation plan for Easter Island is set to be established by the end of the year.
The government also announced the plan to develop an assessment and status report of the main fisheries of Easter Island.
Following an expedition in 2010 to Salas y Gómez Island, led by Oceana, National Geographic, and the Waitt Foundation, the Chilean President announced the creation of the original Salas y Gómez marine reserve. This no-take reserve protects 150,000 square kilometers around the island – an area larger than Greece.
In 2011, Oceana and National Geographic Society partnered with the Chilean Navy and conducted an unprecedented expedition to study the marine area surrounding Easter Island and Salas y Gómez Island to assess their current states of conservation and potential need for new protection measures. Using the baseline study developed from this collaboration, Oceana proposed the expansion of the Salas y Gómez marine reserve, Motu Motiro Hiva, to an area of 411,000 km2, making it the second largest no-take marine protected area in the world.
These marine protected areas can only officially be declared after a referendum is conducted for the people of Easter Island, known as the Rapa Nui, and they give their approval for the proposals.
Easter Island is a UNESCO World Heritage site, famous for its stone statues, called Moai. Salas y Gómez Island is a small uninhabited island 250 miles east of Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean. It was described by Dr. Enric Sala, marine ecologist and National Geographic Ocean Fellow, as one of the last undisturbed and relatively pristine places left in the ocean.
We're excited to hear that Chile is electing to protect its invaluable marine resources in Easter Island and Salas y Gómez – and we'll keep you posted as things progress.
Continue reading...
Exploring a Filipino Fish Market
Editor's note: This is fifth and final part in a series of dispatches from the Philippines.
After meeting with Marybeth in Lanuza, our crew headed back to Butuan City, where we split up – Paul to Manila on his way back to the UK, and Fel, Lito and myself to Cebu. Fel, a pride program manager for Rare, was nice enough to stick around in Cebu with me for a day and take me to the wet and dried fish markets in the old part of the city, where we could see the flip side of overfishing in the Philippines.
Cebu, the oldest city in the country, is the site where Ferdinand Magellan landed in 1521. He converted a few hundred native people to Catholicism before being killed in a battle a few weeks later, but his legacy endures: the Philippines is quite possibly the most Catholic place I've ever been, and I've been to Rome. Every office building includes images of Christ and the Virgin Mary, and religion is woven into even the fashions of the young Filipinos, like the rhinestone cross earrings I saw on a young woman on our jeepney ride to the market.
The central market in Cebu encompasses several blocks of ramshackle stalls containing everything from bursting funeral flower arrangements to cages full of fighting roosters. Here's where you can buy one of the Philippines' famous street food delicacies: balut, or a fertilized duck egg hardboiled and eaten at three weeks' gestation, feathers and all. (I didn't have one. I earned my stripes the previous day by tasting several varietals of durian, a fruit so foul-smelling it's often banned from taxis and public buildings. "Smells like hell and tastes like heaven" is what they say, and while the smell was pretty revolting, the fruit itself wasn't half-bad. Our van smelled like roadkill for the next two hours, though, so the value of this experience was questionable.)
Continue reading...
Securing the Future of Filipino Fishers
Editor's note: This is part 4 in a series of dispatches from the Philippines.
The last site we visited was overseen by Rare conservation fellow Marybeth Rita. Marybeth has a tough job because her campaign covers three towns separated by a hilly unfinished highway that she traverses by motorbike. After some heavy overnight rain, our van could hardly make it through the deep mud (with no guard rail down to the bay!) so I appreciated the difficulty of Marybeth's assignment.
The mayor of Lanuza, Salvacion Azarcon, met us at her office in the morning. She was a really inspiring woman, and not just because she offered us some local palm wine at 8:30 in the morning. Called pirik-pirik, the wine was mixed with raisins to give it a very mildly sweet taste. It was good enough that we kept the bottle and had more later in the day.
Marybeth and the mayor were working together not just to enact 24/7 volunteer guarding at the MPA, but to start a critically important program to register fishermen. Right now, most local fishermen aren't registered in any way, so it's hard to tell if they're legally in the municipal waters or not. Once registered, fishers will get an awning designed by Marybeth and the pride campaign that promotes the protection of the MPA.
The registration program will also allow fishers to become eligible for a low-interest 2,500 peso loan (about $58). This is a key element of keeping poverty at bay, because unfortunately many fishers can end up in hock to unscrupulous lenders who make loans at outrageous interest rates.
Continue reading...
Massachusetts Tackles Seafood Mislabeling
On Wednesday afternoon, the state of Massachusetts became a national leader in the fight against mislabeled seafood with a clear message: with an abundance of local seafood, there is no place for mislabeled seafood in Massachusetts, and more must be done to combat this common problem and protect consumers and the fishing industry from fraud.
The Hearing of the Joint Committee on Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure provided a forum for representatives of the state Office of Consumer Protection, Department of Public Health and the Division of Marine Fisheries to update the committee on their efforts to respond to the issue, which was highlighted in a Boston Globe investigation and supported by separate research by Consumer Reports and Oceana.
Drawing on its research into the causes and solutions to this chronic problem, Oceana was among a group of industry and scientific representatives that provided testimony to the committee. Oceana offered new information and clear recommendations about solutions to ensure that all fish are accurately labeled and can be tracked back to their boat or farm of origin.
In response to the testimony provided to the committee, Representative Theodore C. Speliotis, co-chair of the committee, summarized: "It's clear there has been no oversight on fish mislabeling – none. This hearing is really just the first step.''
Continue reading...
Cod Numbers Disappoint Fishermen and Scientists
New England fishermen and conservationists alike are in a state of alarm over recent findings from the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) that Gulf of Maine cod – long a staple of New England waters and a critical species for thousands of commercial fishermen in Massachusetts and New Hampshire – are seriously depleted and have been heavily overfished for the past few years.
This news comes as a shock to both fishermen and scientists, since the previous assessment, done in 2008, found that the stock was following a positive trajectory toward recovery.
Under the most recent reauthorization of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, the law that governs the nation's marine fisheries, the regional fishery management councils must implement measures to reverse overfishing and ensure that nearly all stocks are rebuilt within ten years.
Rebuilding fish stocks to healthy levels ensures that fish will be at robust levels to allow commercial fishing to continue on these stocks well into the future. For Gulf of Maine cod, the rebuilding deadline is 2014. The 2008 assessment indicated that the stock was well on its way toward meeting that deadline, so the New England Fishery Management Council set annual catch limits under that assumption and fishermen fished according to the law.
In a startling reversal, scientists have now determined that the picture in 2008 was flawed and the stock is nowhere near as healthy as they initially thought. In fact, they have found that the stock is only 20 percent of its rebuilt size and is being fished roughly five times the level it can sustain.
Even more troubling, scientists say that even if all fishing of cod ceased, the species will still not recover by the 2014 deadline. NMFS has said that even under the best case scenario, the stock would not be rebuilt until 2018. The assessment is currently under peer review and the results will be released later this month.
Continue reading...
A Fishery for the Future: Off the Hook
A group of hook-and-line fishermen in Nova Scotia are helping change the face of fishing, and we think you should know about them.
Perhaps you're familiar with the CSA model, or Community Supported Agriculture, in which subscribers pay for weekly shares of a farm's produce. Off the Hook is a Community Supported Fishery using this model with fish, connecting a co-operative of small-scale fishermen from the Bay of Fundy to subscribers in and around Halifax, Nova Scotia. Customers receive weekly shares of the co-op's catch of fresh whole haddock and hake.
The benefits? Community Supported Fisheries like Off the Hook provide more family income, more market choices, and increased ownership and control. Subscribers get better access to the freshest local, sustainable fish along with a better connection to local fishing communities and the ocean. It's a win-win.
Off the Hook has been named a finalist in a global competition being held by National Geographic called "Turning the Tide on Coastal Fisheries". The contest aims to find community supported projects that provide innovative solutions to overfishing. Off the Hook was the only project in North America to make it to the top 10 out of more than 100 entries from 48 countries.
The last phase of the contest is an online vote that ends Dec 24. If Off the Hook makes it to the top three, they will be flown down to DC to meet with key stakeholders in international fisheries management and marine conservation. The winner receives a $20,000 grant, and National Geographic will produce a video that features their project.
Vote for Off the Hook and spread the word about Community Supported Fisheries!
Continue reading...
New Study: Climate Change Threatens Global Fisheries
As world leaders prepare for international climate change negotiations next week in Durban, South Africa, a new study out this week depicts the widespread threats that climate change presents for marine fisheries.
The bottom line? Emissions from the burning of fossil fuels are presenting very long-term if not irreversible threats for the oceans.
Economists and top fisheries scientists at the University of British Columbia published a paper on Sunday in the journal Nature Climate Change that outlines the many challenges fisheries face from climate change, and how this can impact the global economy and hundreds of millions of lives.
Global marine fisheries are underperforming, mainly from rampant overfishing, but climate change also creates several serious threats to the future productivity of fisheries. These chemical and physical changes linked to climate change such as decreased oxygen levels, changes in plankton communities and plant growth, altered ocean circulation and increased acidity can disrupt the basic functioning of marine ecosystems and thwart any potential recovery of global fish stocks.
The study outlines how impacts can scale up from changing ocean conditions to the global economy, but the authors note that the true scope of impacts to employment are hard to predict.
Continue reading...
Seafood for Thought: Bottom Trawling
Editor's note: October is National Seafood Month, and to celebrate, we'll be featuring a series of blog posts about seafood, sustainable fishing and health. Today we're schooling you on bottom trawling.
When you're enjoying a tasty seafood meal, you're probably not thinking about habitat destruction and accidentally caught marine animals. (Or at least I hope you're not, it might give you indigestion.) But unfortunately, in many cases, before seafood gets to your plate, those two things may have been part of the equation.
Take bottom trawling, which is the most destructive commercial fishing method on the planet. Bottom trawlers scrape huge, heavy nets across the seafloor, destroying everything in their path. Trawling destroys more seabed habitat each year than the world's annual loss of tropical rainforest. One study found that trawling destroys 16 pounds of marine animals for every pound of sole brought to markets.
Trawling is designed to catch as many fish as possible, and is used particularly to target shrimp, cod, haddock, flounder, and rockfish. Dredging, which is a similar practice, is used to catch shellfish like scallops and clams. Currently, more than half the fish eaten in the US is the product of trawling.
Fishermen have been trawling for years, but in the 1980s, technological advances allowed them to begin trawling through coral reefs, which they previously had to avoid to protect their fishing gear.
Unfortunately, we know now the huge damage that even one pass of a trawler can cause reefs. In one study in Alaska, as much as two-thirds of some sponges damaged by one pass of a trawler had not recovered a full year later.
Reefs are an important home for fish, so trawling can also ruin fish stocks into the future – even for responsible and recreational fishermen.
Recently, we've seen important measures to stop trawling. Earlier this year, a group of North Pacific nations, including the US, agreed to protect more than 16.1 million square miles of seafloor from trawling. Just a month later, Belize banned trawling from its waters.
We've made a lot of progress to stop this destructive fishing method. You can help by paying attention to the seafood you buy. Check out the Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood Watch site to get their guide to sustainable seafood, also available on paper or your smartphone, and tasty recipes to make with these fish.
Continue reading...
New Report: EU Taxpayers Fund Overfishing
Oceana released a new report today outlining the shocking amount of subsidies that pour into Europe's fishing industry. European taxpayers are essentially paying for overfishing – to the tune of 3.3 billion Euros ($4.6 billion) in 2009.
Here are some other stunning facts from the report:
- Oceana's analysis found that a total of at least €3.3 billion of subsidies were available to the European Union fishing sector in 2009. This is more than three times quoted public figures, which only reference the European Fisheries Fund.
- Total subsidies to the fishing sector are equivalent to 50 percent of the value of the total fish catch by the European Union in the same year ( €6.6 billion)
- Spain, France, Denmark, the United Kingdom and Italy received the most fishing subsidies.
- 13 European Union countries had more fishing subsidies than the value of the landings of fish in their ports.
- Europe is one of the world's top three subsidizers, along with China and Japan.
- As a result of these major subsidies, the European Union now has a fishing fleet that is two to three times larger than what is needed to fish sustainably.
- More than two-thirds of these subsidies have the ability to enhance fishing capacity and promote overfishing.
Check out the full report and pass it on!
Continue reading...
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San Jose Wheelchair Accessible Condo Rentals(2)
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Recent San Jose Reviews
Everything was very nice!!
My Girl Scout troop stayed at this property for our San Francisco adventure. We come from the small Hawaiian island of Molokai. Everything we needed was there. Don was very helpful with directions. It was a great location for getting in and out of San Francisco with ease. Much better than an expense place in the City. We were satisfied with everything and Don was an excellent host. We would stay again. It was perfect for 2 adults and 5- 12 year old girls. They loved it and want to return and stay in the same place. Aloha and Thank You Don!


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I'm sitting in the clubhouse at the Ideal Beach Resort, looking out the window at beautiful Bear Lake. My family is in charge of the group games, which start in 15 minutes–so this will be quick. Today's post is important for two reasons.
1. You have a chance to participate in a historic film-making event.
2. You have a chance to learn about and honor some of the most influential leaders in our scrapbooking industry.
This Saturday (24th day of the 7th month) you have the opportunity to participate in 24.7, an extremely unique, user-generated feature film.
Listen to Ridley Scott talk about what you need to do.
24.7 Life In A Day is a documentary, shot in a single day, by you.
On July 24, you have 24 hours to capture a glimpse of your life on camera.
The most compelling and distinctive footage will be edited into an experimental documentary film, produced by Ridley Scott and directed by Kevin Macdonald.
Learn more on YouTube, HERE.
And … Ella Publishing Co. has nominated me as one of the nine Most Influential Scrapbookers of 2010. I'm truly honored and eager to see Ella succeed in their efforts to support and connect leaders in our industry and (let's be honest) publish great e-books. You can learn more about this award, the nominees, and the blog tour on the Ella Blog.
Please help me honor my fellow nominees by visiting their blogs throughout the week. You could win one of 100 cool prizes!
Click below to say hello to today's spotlighted blogger.
It's Cathy and she is absolutely one of the women that has been most influential in my scrapbooking. Love YOU Cathy!


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' tag archiveVarsity'
Spring 2011 Look from Van Mildert
I recently discovered the UK website called Van Mildert. Such a new occasion to make a sping selection, and that's something we're not gonna pass on! Let's star with some basics : raw denim from Evisu, off-white tee and a dark brown belt. This look's masterpiece would definitely be a varsity from Edwin, we spotted… Read moreno validationandno comment yet for this article.
Lyle and Scott Varsity Jacket
I just came across Lyle & Scott website. Their collection is pretty much discounted. For example there's this wool made jacket 25% off. It's designed on a varsity base and has a 70% wool construction. The features are classic for the type : "snap pockets", usual collar and waist, just misses some leather and a… Read moreno validationandno comment yet for this article.
Boxfresh Jacket
Some of you may still have the chance to enjoy a warm weather even at mid November. In that case, you could certainly wear this Jacket which Boxfresh calls "Baseball jacket". It's probably due to its Varsity look, and because of its lightness, reason why I'm talking about mid season. The patches are giving some… Read moreno validationandno comment yet for this article.


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Please log in or register to manage your account
Model: BTDHG72LCR Item: MLNBTDHG72LCR
Laminate furniture of understated elegance, classic lines and functional beauty. Low-pressure laminate surfaces are exceptionally durable and scratch-resistant. PVC edge banding protects against bumps and collisions. Two side storage cabinets, each with an adjustable shelf and frosted glass door with self-closing hinges. Center display area includes two shelves, one adjustable. 19 1/4" clearance between worksurface and bottom shelf. Color: Cherry; Overall Width: 72"; Overall Depth: 15"; Overall Height: 50 1/2".
Mayline® Kwik-File Mailflow-To-Go Mailroom System Label Holders, 3 x 3/8, Clear, 20/Pack
$18.75$1350 / each
Mayline® Eastwinds Laptop Computer Caddy, 29-1/2w x 20d x 27 to 38h, Medium Cherry
$198.40$12301 / each
Mayline® Corsica Conference Series 6' Table Top, 72w x 36d, Sierra Cherry
$920.38$57984 / each


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Deal sought for Mary of Puddin Hill
The Herald Banner, Greenville, TX
May 16, 2011
Deal sought for Mary of Puddin Hill
GREENVILLE — Mary of Puddin Hill, one of Greenville's iconic businesses, may still have a future past the end of this week.
What the future holds, however, is still being decided.
Bill Harris with Welsh Harris Capital told the Herald-Banner Monday that he is trying to work a deal to keep the company operating, whether as a mail order only business or through seeking the investments necessary to pay for remodeling and upgrading Mary of Puddin Hill's kitchen and retail operations.
"I'll be talking to an out of state fruitcake company today," Harris said, pointing to an inch-high stack of supportive emails the company has received since a story in Saturday's Herald-Banner detailed plans to close the Greenville store at the end of the week.
"We can't continue through Saturday," Harris said.
Harris said there is always the possibility of continuing or resuming the retail operations at some point, depending on who he contacts this week and what they are able to accomplish.
"We could be out of the retail business and still be making $1 million to $4 million in revenues," Harris said, a number which is likely to draw the interest of mail order catalog businesses. "They understand the value of a 400,000 name mailing list."
Even without Mary of Puddin Hill, Greenville would still be a place to buy fruitcake, as the Corsicana-based Collin Street Bakery has announced plans to build a local store.


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- The dramatic infinity pool and your own private plunge pool
- The craggy cliffside scenery that the hotel slots stylishly into
- Sunbathing with some of the most serene views in the Med
- This holiday is ATOL protected (ATOL 6142)
5* Turkey holiday with private pool
Peninsula Gardens Hotel, Kas
Seven-night holiday including flights, transfers and five-star boutique B&B on the Lycian Coast
As The Times recently wrote, "If you're looking for somewhere to fly and flop, this is a fabulous option". Built into the cliff-side, unravelling down to Mediterranean waters, Peninsula Gardens Hotel offers peaceful views from its infinity pool, intimate seclusion and dreamy, no-wake-up-call accommodation.
Behind this stunning residence lies Kas - a sleepy, cobble-stoned village with jasmine-scented alleys, white-washed houses and leafy tea gardens. The same mellow, elegant vibe is reflected at Peninsula Gardens; with refined Turkish dining, icy-cool guest rooms and edenic grounds. Stroll out on the warm-wood beach platform and take a quiet dip in the sea, or retreat inside for a rub-down in the hotel's cavernous spa and hammam.
We're offering the full works - return flights from your selected departure airport, plus a seven-night stay in a Superior room with your own private plunge pool and terrace, plus breakfast each morning (think fresh local fruits, olives, cool yoghurts and golden breads). Secret Escapes members will also be picked up from the airport in a top-of-the-range vehicle with return VIP Elixir transfers. Please note that due to the location, this hotel may not be suitable for persons with reduced mobility. It's also worth noting that certain flight times depart either early morning or late at night, so please take a look at the travel details tab for the exact times.
We like
Second opinion
- To find out more about this hotel, please visit their website
- To read guest reviews, check out Tripadvisor.co.uk
- Compare our rates with those available elsewhere online, starting with Travelrepublic.co.uk
- Times subscribers can click through to see Peninsula Gardens Hotel listed as one of 30 best beach hotels in the Med (2012) and 20 coolest hotels in the Med (2011)
Can't commit to booking right now?Hold a date for only £25 while you decide.
- Pay £25 to hold a date until the end of the sale.
- If you choose to buy it, the money will go towards your purchase, if not, the cash will be credited to your Secret Escapes account.
Important: Please note, this is not a deposit, complete or guaranteed booking; holding the date simply prevents other members from swooping in and booking your preferred date while you're still having a think about it. Secret Escapes will not be liable for expenses incurred should that date not be available to book and a hold is cancelled.
For more details, please see our FAQ page and our terms and conditions


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Ventnor is a lovely seaside resort that was established in Victorian times as a health and tourist resort due to its sunny microclimate and sheltered south coast location. Today it's lost none of its charm and provides a good choice for a cottage break by the sea.
The island's microclimate has allowed a number of subtropical plants to thrive in the area and the Ventnor Botanic Garden, located on the former site of the Royal National Hospital for Diseases of the Chest (not many people know that), is particularly noteworthy for those interested in flora.
Britain's largest colony of the common wall lizard lives on Ventnor's town walls (not many people know that either) and a special habitat has been established for the lizard in the Botanic Garden. The Cascade Gardens, from the early 1900s, is a beautiful garden with a waterfall that ends as a paddling pool on the seafront.
Other attractions include Ventnor Park, with its aviary, bandstand, stream and putting green, Ventnor Brewery, and RAF Ventnor. In town the many antique and bric-a-brac shops in the main shopping area have become a tourist attraction in their own right.
The town's location on unstable underlying clay and a geological fault known as the Graben is the subject of displays at the Isle of Wright Coastal Visitors Centre, but don't worry visitors will be safe! 'The Landslip' is a nearby Site of Special Scientific Interest.
Ventnor is located on the Isle of Wight Coastal Path, and it is a beautiful place for which to find a leisurely walk or cycle tracks. Annual events include the Ventnor Fringe Festival and the Ventnor Carnival, each August.
There are many beautiful Ventnor holiday cottages. Book one today and experience its unique atmosphere for yourself.
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Harvard South Africa Fellowship Program
The 2014 HSAFP application cycle is now closed. Applications for the 2016-17 HSAFP cohort will open beginning of 2015.
In order to complete an application for the HSAFP you will be asked to fill out our PDF application, and submit all other documentation by email, including two letters of recommendation with the HSAFP recommendation form.
Please note the following application timeline for all applicants:
|April 4, 2014
|HSAFP applications DUE (at 11:59pm EST)
|April – May 2014
|Applications are reviewed by on campus committee at Harvard University
|Late May 2014
|Applicants notified if they have been selected as finalist
|July 2014
|Expected timing for finalist interviews in South Africa
|Late August 2014
|Finalists are notified if they have been selected as a Harvard South Africa Fellow
|September 2014 – January 2015
|Selected Harvard South Africa Fellows apply directly to the Harvard program they are interested in attending
|January – April 2015
|Candidates typically hear about their admissions decision from the Harvard School to which they applied
|Beginning July – August 2015
|Most Harvard South Africa Fellows' academic programs at Harvard begin
|May 2016
|Fellows at Harvard for one-year programs complete their academic year at the University
- Submit the HSAFP Application 2014_Form.
- Submit transcripts from all post-secondary institutions you have attended. You may upload these or have them mailed directly.
- Transcripts must show the grades and course titles for all your post-secondary coursework. Copies of diplomas are NOT required.
- Two letters of recommendation must be submitted.
- Letters of recommendation should be attached to the HSAFP Recommendation Form.
- Letters can be submitted by email to firstname.lastname@example.com
- An academic essay and a personal statement must be submitted.
- 2014 Academic essay topic: Briefly describe an important issue relevant to your field of interest and South Africa, where possible. Propose a theoretical framework or strategy to address this issue. Applicants seeking admission into the Special Student or Visiting Fellow GSAS Programs should use this academic essay to describe their research and attach a description of their relevant coursework. Minimum 500 words, Maximum 1000 words.
- Personal Statement: Tell us something about yourself – in particular, why you wish to study at Harvard University and how doing so connects with what you have done in the past and what you plan to do in the future with your career in South Africa. Applicants seeking admission into the Special Student program should use this personal statement to explain how coursework and research opportunities at Harvard University will strengthen their doctoral work and teaching at their home institution. Minimum 250 words, Maximum 750 words.
- The Academic Essay and the Personal Statement should be typed in a standard font and font size (10 to 12 point). Essays should also be double-spaced.
- Include your full name on the top of each page and your signature at the end of the Academic Essay and the Personal Statement.
- Include a copy of your most recent resume/CV with your application.
Download Recommendation Forms here.
Please refer these of Frequently Asked Questions.
Further queries about the Harvard South Africa Fellowship Program should be addressed to firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Thirty days in
And I really have been craving fried anything, chicken, pork chops, round steak etc.
So I bought some almond flour and I just fried pork chops in butter coated in almond flour salt pepper and a little garlic powder.
Delish for the most part, but a few questions if anyone else has experience with almond flour.
It stuck to the skillet, maybe it's the butter and I should have used oil?
It was a little mealy... Would have been in fried food heaven if it had coated and stuck better, any tips.
I've never fried with Almond flour. I usually use crushed pork rines. Works Great!
Hey, Susan... Have you tried Parmesan cheese? I use the powdered kind. I mix that with almond flour to fry with. Did you use an egg wash too? I think that sticking is just part of the game. These coatings need more fat to not stick, IMHO..
I did make some fried eggplant last month (yummy!) & I just kept adding oil as it needed. Hope it works for you. I love fried foods but I'm mostly too lazy to do it! :D
Egg wash perhaps? Good enough for Chopped...
I watch Chopped and that's what they do even if they crust in pork rinds.
I'm def gonna try an egg wash next round of fried something I do, also I think I totally could have used the butter/what stuck to the pan to make "gravy" using some watered down hwc. Any experience with that y'all?
I do pan fry with almond flour sometimes. I do use beaten egg thinned with a little water or sometimes HWC (keeps it thicker), then coat with almond flour and fry in a generous amout of olive oil. It works well usually, though sometimes doing it this way the coating flakes off (never sticks to the pan though), so you have to turn the items only once and turn them very carefully.
Half almond flour and half Parm cheese, or half finely-ground pork rinds and half Parm cheese, or 1/3 of each - I've had great luck with these.
The tricks that I have learned: use some beaten eggwhite, not the whole egg; press the meat very firmly into the "flour" mixture, then put it on a rack over a plate and chill for a good 20 minutes, up to an hour; get the pan hot, add your fat (I don't use all butter, it burns to easily - try half butter and half oil, or bacon fat) and wait til it is just under the smoking point (the oil will shimmer in the pan) and then put in your meat, not crowding it, which causes steaming and loosening of the crust; do NOT move the meat for at a least a couple minutes, so the crust can build and really adhere to the meat.
Those things should bring you success! :)
Try to coat it ahead of time and let it stay in the fridge for a while, the coating will stick better than when you do it fresh and fry. Also for coated food I fry in a deep fryer so the food does not touch the pan. If I don't feel like using my big deep fryer, I put enough oil in a pot and use a small mesh strainer as the basket. Then I save the oil for another time. They re-use the oil in restaurants, so why not re use it at home.
Dont be afraid- try the pork rinds. I know it sounds kind of gross and scary, but they are delicious. I just made oven-fried chicken last week that was absolutely delightful.
I second the pork rinds.
I like garbanzo bean/chickpea flour. Yeah, I know, not technically low carb but it's wheat and gluten free and used in such small amounts, I don't think it hurts anything. It fries up beautifully.
I have never had much luck with pork rinds or parmesan. Seems too soggy to me, and like it soaks up all the grease. Where is the crunch?
I roll mine in mayo then coat with parmesan or pork rinds and parm then bake until crispy. Just as good as fried to me, less work.
|All times are GMT -7. The time now is 02:13 AM.


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Mom does epic dance to celebrate kids leaving for school
For the passed five years Tracy Moutafis has celebrated her two sons going back to school with a hilarious dance video. Check out the viral sensation this year.
The kids look to be in 4th or 5th grade perhaps. How horrifying for them. LOL> On the flip side, what a funny video this will be to share with their own kids one day. " LOOK< Grandma really IS crazy!"  LMAO.
Poor kids, terribly embarrassed I'm sure.
Now back to the Bon Bons and her soap operas.
Good, we could use more dancing in public. Having traveled through the warmer states, we're way too uptight around here.
Girls, girls, girls! Stay cool! I'm also a mom and I think she's just expressing her happiness of again having some time to pursue her own ideas while on alone time at home. :)
OMG. Ahahahahaha! So glad she's not my mom.
Why did she even have children if she is so deliriously happy to get rid of them?
"Passed"? It's "past' KOMO. You kids need to go back to school yourselves and learn proper grammar.
If they don't already, her kids are about to start hating her for embarrassing them infront of "EVERYBODY".
@Furd you must not have children.
@Content_People Exactly.
@Content_People well, she has been doing for 5 years now. so i think they are used to it.
@blinkyfish @Furd I have 3. I kept them home and educated them until high school. They are all productive in society and are well liked by people of all ages. One of my sons is now attending the National Academy of Flight. Two years and has passed every exam with the highest score possible. Another is a cement mason, a union member and is building a new Navy submarine hangar. My daughter and her husband own and operate a business. They also spend time trail riding their rescued horses and take along their two big dogs. Not one of them had trouble entering public school and were ahead of their class when tested. I loved having them home.We had problems like any family but we worked through it all. I have no regrets. This woman should be ashamed of herself. Being a mother is the most important job there is. Her children are part of our future.
Or a sense of humor
@beetle73 @Content_People No kid gets used to being embarrassed. They probably just forgive her b/c they do love her (I think).Â
@Laverne Swanson @blinkyfish @Furd And the proof you have of all your kids being smart and productive supports the argument that teacher to student ratio needs to be within reason. SMALL CLASS SIZES do matter! More attention and ability to meet the needs of the students is foremost in education, but large class sizes tie the hands of educators from doing their jobs of adequate attention per pupil. Sure, it doesn't help that the monies given to school districts are wasted on more suits on the headshed level.Â


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- 1/8/14 /
- Comment
PSA: Kathryn Hahn Will Be Back on Parks and Recreation This Week
Just in time for the 100th episode!
Skip to content, or skip to search.
Just in time for the 100th episode!
Hear "Anything We Want."
New York 'Times' critic Manohla Dargis comes back from leave.


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Mike Ditka sings during the 7th inning stretch....JON SALL/SUN-TIMES
Article Extras
Updated: July 8, 2013 11:26AM
1. The Bears were 10-6 last year, yet that was considered a disappointing season and even got Lovie Smith
fired. With a new coach and improvements at several positions, what will the expectations be this season?
Very high. You have to say that your expectations when you get into the National Football League are to win your division, win the NFC and, eventually, the Super Bowl. Evidently, the new management felt they needed to make a change. When you win 10 games in the NFL, that's pretty [doggone] good. So is it fair or unfair? I don't have the answer to that. All I'm saying is Lovie did a good job. He was a good man and a good coach. They're looking to go in a different direction, though, probably to expand the offense. Marc [Trestman] is an offensive-minded coach. He has a great record developing quarterbacks, and he'll be good for Jay Cutler. I think they feel they're in a better position now than they were then, that's all.
2. The Bears' offensive line was completely overhauled. How long will it take them to come together and play well as a unit?
I don't think it's rocket science. You know, football is football. You can only run so many runs, throw so many passes and have so many formations. You can't clutter them up. I don't think that'll be the hard part at all. I think the main thing you want to keep doing is improving personnel. If you need some offensive linemen, you have to find a way to get them. You have to get better in that area and make sure Jay Cutler has protection. You want to be able to run the ball a little more efficiently. I think that'll take some pressure off the quarterback and the passing game.
3. Much has been made of statistical data analysis in sports lately. The Bears even created an analytics position this year. Do you buy
into it?
You have to have checks and balances for what you're doing. You have to know what your efficiency ratings are in certain areas — throwing the ball, first down, second down, third down. You have to break all that down. I did that with coach [Tom] Landry for years. Sometimes you look at that, even as an assistant coach, and you say, ''Is it that important?'' Well, I think it is. Once you instill in the players' minds that there are goals they have to meet and once they see that they've reached those goals and they're having success, they buy into it pretty quickly.
4. Several times, you have tried to will your winning ways on the Cubs by singing ''Take Me Out to the Ball Game.'' Will they ever win the World Series in your lifetime?
I think that comes down to making the proper decisions in the front office. You have to have good players. Now, I don't know how good their players are or aren't, but I do know their production is not very good. So whom do you blame? Well, I think the blame goes to a lot of people. But it's the organization that has to get the right people in there, and the people you get in there, you can't overestimate their talents. They have to be able to play. You look around and say, ''What's the problem?'' Is it the players, the farm system, the manager? It's not the manager. You can only manage what you have. You can't pull a jackrabbit out of a hat. That's all there is to it.


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Description: nice latin boy
Duration: 17:57
Views: 868338
Date: 66 months ago
Tags: Latino
Uploader: Anonymous
Description: nice latin boy
Duration: 17:57
Views: 868338
Date: 66 months ago
Tags: Latino
Uploader: Anonymous
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Anonymous - 17 months ago love all the comments here, so cute 0 0 Reply


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A lake in southwestern Maine, some 13 miles long and 10 miles wide.
(ScTug: t. 130; l. 99'; b. 21'; s. 12 k.; a. 1 6-pdr.; cpl. 22)
The second Sebago, a tug built in 1893 by John H. Dialogue and Son, Camden, N.J., was purchased for service during the Spanish-American War as Hortense from O'Connor and Smoot on 30 April 1898; renamedTacoma; and placed in service in the 7th District of the Auxiliary Naval Force and based at Pensacola, Fla.
Renamed Sebago in January 1900 and designated YT-23 in July 1920, the harbor tug remained in service at various stations including Pensacola, Guantanamo Bay, Port Royal, Charleston, Norfolk, and Philadelphia, until struck from the Navy list on 3 December 1936. She was sold for scrapping on 25 January 1937 to B. J. Maier, Philadelphia, Pa.