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Chicago's Black South Side Regiment.
On the Near South Side of Chicago, in an area of the city once blighted, but now experiencing new growth and revitalization, stands a monument erected to African American soldiers of WWI, but particularly to the soldiers of the 8th Illinois National Guard, better known during WWI as the 370th U.S. Infantry. Located at Street and Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive, the "Victory" monument is a column of stone with bronze tableaus picturing a black soldier, a black woman representing motherhood, and a Columbia. a personification of the U.S., holding a tablet inscribed with the regiment's battles. Atop the stone column is a Negro doughboy advancing with fixed bayonet. wearing a greatcoat and round helmet. But something is not quite right about the bronze figure. A truer representation of the typical soldier of the 370th would be wearing a French Adrian helmet, for the 370th has the unique distinction of having served exclusively under French command, and as such, wore French helmets and carried French Lebel rifles during the war.
The Near South Side, an area known as Bronzeville after WWI and as the Black Belt before the war, is historically significant as being the area of Chicago where AfricanAmericans first settled in large numbers. Like New York's Harlem, Chicago's Bronzeville neighborhood would blossom in the 1920's and 1930's as a center of black urban culture. And like the better known "Harlem Hellfighters" of the 369th Infantry (15th New York National Guard), the 370th would distinguish itself on the battlefields of the Western Front.
The "Black Belt", as Chicago's major Negro settlement of 1917 was called, was descriptive of the neighborhood's shape, a consequence of geography and racism. Four of the city's six major rail terminals were situated just south of the city center, and rail lines passing through the South Side created barriers that demarcated settlement. The tracks adjoining South Wentworth Avenue, for example, formed the western boundaty of the Black Belt, a barrier along which black settlement spread but did not cross, forming a long, narrow corridor or "belt" running north and south for several miles and surrounded by neighborhoods of often hostile nativeborn and ethnic whites.
White and black Chicagoans were united in the fight against Germany in 1917, but two years later, in the Summer of 1919, whites and blacks were instead fighting each other in a race riot which began on the city's South Side on July 27, 1919.
The First Migration of southern blacks to northern cities began around 1910. The cities of the north were booming at the turn of the centuty, and AfricanAmerican migrants streamed north at the same time that immigrants were pouring into American cities from Southern and Eastern Europe. The Europeans and Negroes came for similar reasons: to escape oppression and to find economic opportunity. With the coming of WWI, European immigration stopped, but migration of southern blacks accelerated. The war meant plenty of work for the steel mills and meat packing plants of cities like Chicago. In 1910, two percent of the city's population was black; by the end of the decade, that number had doubled. Most of the newcomers crowded into the segregated "Black Belt" on Chicago's South Side, where blacks paid on average 25% higher rents than whites for similar housing.At the time of WWI, a preponderance of AfricanAmerican migrants were males between the ages of 20 and 44, accounting for 60% of AfricanAmericans moving north. These young black males, primarily from the urban south (rural migrants came later) were lured north for the chance of a more free, prosperous life. The Chicago Defender, the newspaper voice of Negro aspirations in Chicago and America, actively solicited southern blacks to follow the Illinois Central Railroad out of the deep south to Chicago.Many of these young migrants found their way into the Black Belt's 8th Illinois National Guard. The 8th had been organized twenty years before, just prior to the SpanishAmerican War, and was stationed in Cuba on garrison duty during that conflict. The 8th was active again on the Mexican Border in 1916.
With the coming of WWI, AfricanAmericans saw another opportunity; the chance to prove themselves loyal Americans,activelyconcerned citizens, and competent soldiers. The war for them would be a means by which greater respect would be won from white America, and thereby greater opportunities accorded black America. WEB. DuBois, foremost AfricanAmerican spokesman of the era, called upon Negro Americans to "forget our grievances and close our ranks shoulder to shoulder with our white fellow citizens."
The Eighth Illinois.
Four hundred thousand AfricanAmericans served in the Great War, most as laborers. But at the beginning of the war, black fighting men, numbering 10,000 Army Regulars, were well represented in the then small United States Army. They manned four regiments: the famous "Buffalo Soldiers" of the 9th and 10 Cavalry, and the infantry of the 24th and 25th Besides these 10,000 regulars, there were 10,000 more National Guardsmen of several states, among them the 8th Illinois, the 15th New York, the 1 Separate Battalion of the Distinct of Columbia, the 9th Battalion of Ohio, the 1st Separate Company of Maryland, the 1st Separate Company of Connecticut, and one company each of the Massachusetts and Tennessee National Guards.
Despite a pledge by Secretary of War Newton Baker to WEB. DuBois that 35% of black doughboys would be fighting men, the army decided it had need of only one complete division of "colored" doughboys, the 92w1, made up of draftees. The U.S. Government was very reluctant to create combat divisions proportional to the number of blacks in the Army, and by war's end 80% of AfricanAmericans overseas were assigned labor duties.
A clerk with the headquarters staff of the 33rd Division, made up of many Illinois men, rightly described the motivations of both AfricanAmericans and white society when he said that He (The Negro) likes to be in the army because there he approaches nearest to the equality with the white which he enjoys in theory but never knows in practice."
The reluctance to form divisions of Negro soldiers was most clearly manifested in the case of Comma the black 93rd Division, which was a division in theory but not reality: it was denied the supporting units necessary to make it a fully functioning American Army division. This oneofakind American unit was composed of the 15th New York (369th Infantry) and 8th Illinois (370th Infantry), plus the other smaller Negro National Guard units augmented with draftees, forming an organisation of four regiments of infantry but unsupported by divisional field artillery, divisional machine guns, divisional engineers, etc. Because this American "division" was never capable of fighting as such, the four regiments of infantry were turned over to the French to fight under French command. These four black regiments were the only American regiments fully integrated into the French Army during WW1.
On the day it reported for federal service, the 8th Illinois was the only regiment of the United States Army with a complete complement of "colored" commissioned officers, from second lieutenant on up to colonel. (Only Lt. Colonel James H. Johnson and Major William H. Roberts were white). The following is a list of the senior officers.
* Colonel Franklin A. Denison, commanding the regiment
* Lt. Col. James H. Johnson, duty with the regiment
* Major Rufus M. Stokes, commanding the 1st Battalion
* Major Charles L. Hunt, commanding the 2 Battalion
* Major Otis B. Duncan, commanding the 3rd Battalion
* Captain John H. Patton, Regimental Adjutant
* Major William H. Roberts, Regimental Surgeon
Pursuant to the call to federal service by order of the President on July 3rd 1917, 42 officers and 1405 men of :he regiment reported to these various rendezvous points on July 25th (the regiment was afterwards brought up to gull strength).
* At Chicago, Illinois Headquarters, Headquarters Company, Machine Gun Company, Supply Company, Detachment Medical Department, and Companies A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.
* At Springfield, Illinois Company I
* At Peoria, Illinois Company K
* At Danville, Illinois Company L
* At Metropolis, Illinois Company M
Chicago's Black Belt was proud of he 8th Infantry during the regiment's active service in France. Photographs of the men adorned shop windows, surrounded by helmets, rifles and canteens that had been sent back from the front. There was scarcely a public meeting in the Black Belt without a prayer or a cheer for the 8th.
Frank Dennison, an attorney by profession, would take his regiment to France as its colonel in 1918. Dennison, relieved of duty in July of that year, ostensibly for illness, would later call the men under his command "cheerful and earnest," saying that "they believe that their fighting will provide a fuller measure of equality for you and for them when it is over that the democracy for which they are fighting will include the American Negro when peace is signed in Berlin." He added, "Chicago's black soldiers [were] not complaining now... their complaint will come when it is all over."
The Eight Goes South.
At the end of October, 1917, on the date of the closing of the Second Liberty Loan campaign, out of a total of 2,166 officers and enlisted men belonging to the regiment at the time, 1,482 officers and men had subscribed $151,400 to the Second Liberty Loan. Approximately 96% of the regiment took out $10,000 of War Risk Insurance.
In October, 1917, the 8th headed south, towards Camp Logan. At train stations in Arkansas and Texas, the black troopers drew attention to themselves when they refused to respect the segregated facilities. The regiment arrived in Houston soon after a mutiny by some of the black regulars of the 24th Infantry in which armed black soldiers battled white policemen and civilians. Two blacks and seventeen whites, including five policemen, died in the fighting. One hundred fiftysix men of the 24th, 5 3rd Battalion were courtmartialed for murder, making it the largest murder trial in American history. Thirteen were given the death sentence on December 8, 1917, and four days later all 13 were hanged.Into this highly charged atmosphere the 8th Illinois made camp. When men of the regiment bristled at Houston's Jim Crow laws, they were banned from riding the Houston streetcars. In this dispute the 8th received support from another of Chicago's South Side regiments, the all white 7th Illinois.
Under the prevailing circumstances, it was incumbent that the 8th be very careful during its stay in the deep South. Fortunately, Colonel Dennison was successful in steering his men clear of any serious trouble at Camp Logan and later at Camp Stuart, in Newport News, Virginia.
A Place With the French Army.
The regiment arrived in France in April, 1918. When the 8th Illinois, now the 370th U.S. Infantry, reached Grandvillars, France, it was relieved of its American equipment and was reequipped with French rifles, pistols, helmets, greatcoats, machine guns, horses, wagons, and even French rations, though the two quarts of red wine a day allotted a "poilu" was denied the Americans, who were unused to being issued alcohol. A double sugar ration was substituted.
After about six weeks training under French instructors, the regiment was brought to the St. Mihiel sector and intermingled with French troops. Except for occasional shelling and rifle and machine gun fire of the enemy, nothing of interest occurred while in the sector, and there were no casualties.
On June 14, Colonel Franklin Dennison was replaced as commander of the regiment by a white officer, Colonel T.A. Roberts, the first white commanding officer in the 24 year history of the 8th Illinois. Dennison was replaced ostensibly due to illness, but the men of his regiment were still resentful and suspicious that the Army was seeking to purge the regiment of its senior black officers.
On the night of July 34, 1918, the regiment was withdrawn from the St. Mihiel sector and moved by train to the Argonne Forest. On July 16, Lt. Harvey Taylor received six wounds during a raid, earning him the Croix de Guerre. Various positions were occupied in the Argonne until August 16, 1918. The particular sector occupied by the 370th Infantry was exceptionally quiet; however, at this time, the regiment suffered its first casualty, namely, Private Robert E. Lee of Chicago, Company E, Machine Gun Company No. 2.
On August 16, 1918, the 370th was relieved from its position in the Argonne and sent for a rest behind the lines near BarleDuc. On September 1, the regiment again began to move toward the front lines, and by easy stages, proceeded to positions in the Soissons sector, approximately 60 miles northwest of Paris. On September 16, Companies G, H, I, and L were pushed forward to positions in front of Mont des Signes, and from that date to September 21 took part in various battles and engagements incident to the capture of this enemy position.
One platoon of Company F, under command of Sergeant Matthew Jenkins, especially distinguished itself by capturing a section of enemy works, turning their own guns on them and holding the position for thirtysix hours without food or water, until assistance came and the position was strengthened. For this meritorious work Sergeant Jenkins received both the American Distinguished Service Cross and the French Croix de Guerre.
The regiment took over a full regimental sector in September, and from September 27 to October 4, the 2nd Battalion pushed forward along the OiseAisne Canal (Aisne) until relieved northeast of Guilliminet Farm by the 1st Battalion.
Lt. Colonel Otis B. Duncan described some of the fighting in September.
"Beginning September 27, 1918, we sailed into them and drove them back to the Ailette Canal, where they made a stand, facing us not 50 yards away. The fighting here was fierce. The Germans had placed barbedwire entanglements in the canal, but we avoided these with pontoon bridges and continued our drive. We reached what was known as Mont des Signes, or "Monkey Mountain." We took up our position here between "Monkey Mountain" and the German line, near a narrowgauge railroad. Here we encountered more concrete emplacements, dugouts, and barbed wire, and in getting to the Germans every man of us had to climb up on that railroad embankment, where we were fair marks for any kind of shell the Germans sent over. Naturally, we lost many of our men."
Lt. Colonel Duncan, a National Guardsmen for 16 years, would later be awarded the Croix de Guerre with Silver Star and would have the distinction at war's end of being the highest ranking AfricanAmerican in the U.S. Army.
On September 30, Duncan's 3rd Battalion attempted an attack across the OiseAisne Canal. During this fight, some units became confused and lost. Fighting continued in front of Bois de Mortier until October 4, when it became evident that the enemy had withdrawn to the far side of the OiseAisne Canal.
Pursuit of the Enemy Into Belgium.
In October 12, various units of the regiment proceeded to the Zones of Assembly for a general advance. The 1st Battalion was given the mission of clearing the Bois de Mortier. The 2nd Battalion was placed at the disposition of Lt. Colonel Lugand of the 232nd Infantry, French Army. Company F and Machine Gun Company No. 2 were likewise detached for service with the French 325th Regiment of Infantry. One company of the 325th was attached to the 2nd Battalion to replace Company F. The 3rd Battalion was placed in reserve in the command of the regiment's colonel, Colonel T.A. Roberts.
During the pursuit of the enemy, the 1st Battalion advanced through the Bois de Mortier and successfully reached the first objective, Penancourt. The 2nd Battalion began pursuit on October 13 while the 1st Battalion continued its advance via Cessieres to a point west of Molinchart. The 3rd Battalion rested in the Bois de Mortier and the next day passed on to Manneux Farm. For the work in the general advance, the lst and 2nd Battalions were complimented by the Commanding General the 1st for its passage of the strong enemy positions in the Bois de Mortier and the 2nd for a wellconducted advance via AnizyleChateau.
Late in the evening of October 13th, the regiment was ordered into a 12 days rest. The first 10 days was spent doing road repair work, and the last two days were given over to the issuance of badly needed clothing and equipment.
On October 27, the regiment was again ordered into the lines to rejoin the chase of the German Army towards the Belgian border. The 2nd Battalion assumed positions of support to the 59th (French) Division until November 5th On October 29, the 1st Battalion began moving into support positions to defend Grandlop in the event of enemy attack. It was on November 3, with Company A in positions southeast of the village of Grandlop, that a German shell fell among the mess line of Company A, killing 35 men and wounding 41, making it necessary to withdraw the company.
On November 5, the enemy began again to retreat and the pursuit recommenced and continued until November 11. On the night of November 5, the 2nd Battalion, commanded by Capt. John H. Patton, was shelled as they bivouacked in the woods north of Erhecourt Farm. The pursuit was taken up at 6:00a.m. the following day in a heavy rain. After rest and other movements, the battalion moved to the attack at 6:30a.m. on November 8. The battalion successfully crossed the River Thon and pushed the enemy east towards Aubenton. During this operation, Company H was exposed to enfilade fire from machine guns. A renewed attack in the afternoon reached the battalion's objective. the HirsonMezieres Railroad. The day's fighting had cost the battalion four men killed and two officers and 33 enlisted men wounded. On November 9, the advance of the 2nd Battalion began again and continued towards the objective of La Verte Place, Belgium.
On November 6, the 1st Battalion took up the pursuit in support of Battalion Michel of the 325th (French) Regiment of Infantry. On November 7, Company C of the battalion, commanded by Captain James H. Smith, by a series of flanking operations, drove the enemy from a position they occupied with three 77mm field guns and two machine guns. This action earned Company C the French Croix de Guerre. By way of Mont Plaisir and Farm LaHayette, the battalion found itself at Fligny, France, on November 11.
The 3rd Battalion, 370th U.S. Infantry, began its pursuit of the retreating German Army on November 5, passing on up to the front lines by way of Mount Plaisir to Rue Larcher. On November 7, at Rue Larcher, command of the battalion passed to Colonel Pernin, 325th (French) Regiment of Infantry, and on November 9th, battalion command was passed to Lt. Colonel Lugand, who had orders to attack Pont d'Any. The objective was reached, the enemy retiring before the battalion's advance. At Etignieres, on November 10, the battalion was held up by heavy shell fire. Just before the Armistice on November 11, the battalion reached its objective of Gue d'Hossus, Belgium.
Awards and Commendations.
The performance of the regiment in France is open to controversy: in some instances the regiment was known to push aggressively forward in a desire to be at the very forefront of fighting; and in at least one instance, it was blamed for being slow to the attack and becoming disorganized on the battlefield.
The 370th was asked to perform under uniquely difficult circumstances for an American fighting unit. The regiment consisted of American fighting men using French arms and equipment. commanded by French generals adhering to French military doctrines. This clash of cultures may have been mollified somewhat by the fact that the French held to much more tolerant racial attitudes. Yet the black Americans must have felt somehow in limbo, neither fully part of one army or another. The 370th never operated in concert with the other three black American regiments of the 93rd Division (the 369th, 371st and 372nd, and during the summer of 1918, the 370th was shifted between four French divisions: the 73rd, 10th 34th and 36th. Never having a permanent organizational home no doubt adversely affected morale in the regiment.
In addition, after the removal of Frank Dennison from command, several other Negro officers were replaced by whites. Although by some accounts the 370th's officer corps was deficient, and by others competent, the replacement of blacks for whites caused illfeeling among the men, again a cause for lowered morale. Yet by the Armistice, there were only three white officers remaining with the regiment.
The 370th Infantry earned streamers for the battles of Lorraine and OiseAisne. Sectors occupied and engagements participated in with the French army were St. Mihiel, Argonne Forest, St. Gobain Forest, Bois de Mortier, Mont des Signes, OiseAisne Canal, Loan, Grandlup, Soissons, and the OiseAisne and Lorraine offensives.
Although the 370th Infantry Regiment was not awarded the French Croix de Guerre, 71 individuals were, with another 21 winning the American Distinguished Service Cross, and one, the Distinguished Service Medal. In addition, the Croix de Guerre with Palm was awarded Company C, under the command of Captain James H. Smith, for conspicuous gallantry, a rare occurrence whereby each officer and enlisted man of an infantry company were so decorated. These laurels do not come up to the record of the 369th (15th New York National Guard), but neither is it a bad regimental record. Perhaps the 370th would have performed better if they had had the greater confidence of senior officers, an advantage that the 369th had.
The record of the 370th shows that it suffered 20% casualties, with 95 men and one officer killed outright.
The Reception in Chicago. On February 15, 1919, the regiment entrained at Camp Upton, Long Island, New York, en route for Camp Grant, Illinois, via Chicago. On February 17, the regiment arrived at Chicago, detrained, and proceeded to the Coliseum, an exposition hall on the South Side. The Chicago Defender characterized the return of the city's black doughboys as "a day of wild rejoicing," awaited for months, for the old 8th Infantry was "the first of the city's fighters to come back as a unit." Four hundred thousand cheering people lined Michigan Avenue as the 8th marched by the reviewing stand filled with white and black dignitaries. Offices and stores had closed for the day, and 60,000 exuberant Chicagoans jammed the Coliseum to welcome the unit. The speakers included the 8th's black officers, who thanked their friends for coming. But in the midst of the speeches, Mayor William "Big Bill" Thompson, "who just couldn't miss the fun," burst into the hall. For "your devotion to our country and your heroism in battle," he shouted happily, "I bespeake for you that justice and equality of citizenship which shall... enable you and your posterity.., as a living truth, to sing in a mighty chorus, "My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty."
At 4:00p.m. the regiment entrained for Camp Grant, Illinois, arriving the same day and proceeding into barracks. Demobilization of the regiment began on February 24, on which date the first officers and enlisted men were discharged, continuing until March 12, 1919, at which time the 370th U.S. Infantry formally ceased to exist.
In the last time he would address a public audience, former President Theodore Roosevelt on November 2, 1918, had these words for America's Negro citizens. "I expect, that as a result of this great war, intended to secure a greater justice internationally among the people of mankind, we shall apply at home the lessons that we have been learning and helping teach abroad; that we shall work sanely, not foolishly, but resolutely, toward securing a just and fairer treatment in this country of colored people, basing that treatment upon the only safe rule to be followed in American life, of treating each individual accordingly as his conduct or her conduct require you to treat them." Commenting on an envisioned new day of justice, Roosevelt added, "I want to warn you that that is only going to come gradually; that there will be very much injustice, injustice that must not overmuch disappoint you, and it must not cow you, and above all it must not make you feel sullen and hopeless."
Chicago in the Red Summer of 1919. With the war's conclusion, Americans needed to get back to the ways of a peacetime society. But tensions abounded; adjustments from a wartime mentality to a peacetime mentality would in some cases be difficult and bloody.
By July, 1919, while government agencies had abruptly terminated war contracts, the army had issued 2,600,000 discharges, at a rate of 15,000 per day. Veterans thus glutted the labor market during a period when jobs were becoming less plentiful.
The demands of organized labor, held in check by the crisis of waging war, burst forth after the war's conclusion. The nation saw 181 strikes in March, 1919; 262 in April; and 413 in May.
The paranoia over Bolshevism, the "Red Scare" of 1919, engendered an atmosphere of mistrust and intolerance in American society. This atmosphere was an extension of the recently concluded war in which Americans had subscribed to a cult of patriotism, had functioned in a generalized climate of violence, and had demonized their enemies. It was the taking hold of just such an atmosphere of fear and mistrust that President Woodrow Wilson had cautioned against when war was declared just two years before.
The uglier impulses in American society sought an outlet with the German enemy beat, a need for a replacement enemy was felt. Foreigners and immigrants to America came under a new scrutiny. But especially American Negroes, for hundreds of years the victims of gross injustice, again found themselves a favored outlet for fear, mistrust and hatred. There were 15 blacks lynched in 1918, 78 in 1919.
July, 1919, found Chicago suffering under one of its summer heat waves. Temperatures soared into the 90's, and what relief could be found was sought by both blacks and whites at Chicago's Lake Michigan beaches. When a black youth strayed from the confines of a segregated beach into the realm of a white's only beach, a rock was thrown and the boy was hit, causing him to drown. Tensions mounted when the white policeman called to the scene did not attempt to take the suspect into custody.
Ignited on July 27, the riot went on for five days. Day and night, white toughs assaulted blacks, and teenage blacks beat white peddlers and merchants in the Black Belt.
White gunmen, in scenes reminiscent of 20's gangster films, sped through the Black Belt in automobiles, shooting indiscriminately. The gunfire was returned, in some cases by black World War One veterans, from fire escapes and windows. Veterans and students took up positions to guard the YMCA on Wabash Avenue, between 37th and 38th Streets.
In the end, numerous blacks and whites died. The unrest was put down with the help of a regiment of Guardsmen sent from the capital, Springfield. The dream of Chicago's Black Belt community for social justice, a dream carried to France with the officers and men of the old 8th Illinois National Guard, had suffered a terrible setback.


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The University of Tennessee Athletics Department announced today that men's basketball season tickets have sold out for the 2007-08 season, a first in Tennessee history.
"I still can't believe it," head coach Bruce Pearl said. "We were already so excited to get this season started, now to know we could open the season to a sell out crowd is just amazing."
Single-game tickets for matchups against Kentucky, Florida and Ohio State have also sold out. A very limited number of tickets remain for other conference and non-conference games.
"Our basketball program continues to set records both on and off the court," athletics director Mike Hamilton said. "With the sale of 16,000 season tickets already, the electricity in the building will be incredible."
The 16,000 season tickets sold easily breaks the previous record of 13,929 set in 1987, the first season Thompson-Boling Arena was open.
The Vols will play exhibition games against California University of Pennsylvania Friday, Nov. 2, and Lincoln Memorial on Monday, Nov. 5, before officially tipping-off the season Nov. 9 when Temple visits Thompson-Boling Arena.
To check the availability of tickets remaining this season, visit www.utsports.com or call the Thompson-Boling Arena ticket office at 865-332-VOLS (8657).
Story Courtesy: UT Sports Information & Public Relations
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Webcast Central
2007 Asthma Guidelines
Featuring Tom Kallstrom BS, RRT, AE-C, FAARC
This presentation will review the updated asthma guidelines released by the NAEPP in 2007. Emphasis will be on the major changes and new information added since the previous release of the guidelines.
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- Release Date 11/27/2010
- Publisher 505 Games
- Platform DS
- Genre Strategy/Sim
- Number of Players 1
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There's no need to wake up at the crack of dawn to take care of this farm! Tend to the land, chickens, and cows on your own time. Experience all the joys of farming as you complete over 45 levels to improve every aspect of your farm. Collect eggs from the chickens, make sure the cows and sheep have enough grass to graze on, and upgrade your equipment. Improve your farm's overall performance and production to cultivate more money to fill the silo. Now you don't need to own a tractor or a pair of overalls to experience the life of a farmer.
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BORING. (1 out of 10)
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4 out of 12 gamers (33%) found this review helpful
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It was very boring! There was some things I liked but other than those things, it was SUPER BORINGmore
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Alumni Awards
Young Alumni Achievement Award (2002)
In recognition of leadership and innovation in power electronics for high-performance applications.
Pallab Midya
PhD '95
Distinguished Member of Technical Staff
Motorola Corporate Laboratories
Schaumburg, Illinois
Since 1995 Pallab Midya has been with Motorola Labs in Schaumburg. He introduced supply modulation as a method to increase RF transmitter efficiency. He was the chief architect of an IC that doubled the transmitter efficiency of Motorola's satellite phone. He initiated a research program for direct digital RF generation and amplification to create modulated RF signial using a switching amplifier. He has been the technical lead in Motorola's digital switching audio amplifier program. He has 13 issued and 11 pending U.S. patents. He has authored 24 conference and journal papers.Midya is a member of Sigma Xi, Eta Kappa Nu, and Audio Engineering Society and is a Senior Member of IEEE. He is the 2002 recipient of the Richard M. Bass Outstanding Young Power Electronics Engineer Award from the IEEE Power Electronics Society. In India he received the National Talent Scholarship and Award from NCERT and the National Science Talent Award from Jagdish Bose Research Institute.


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Penn State coach James Franklin makes appearances on campus
Sunday, January 12, 2014 5:58 PM
Penn State football coach James Franklin and his wife Fumi look on as their daughters Shola, 6 and Addy, 5, show their spirit at Rec Hall during the Nittany Lions' wrestling match against Purdue. Athletic director Dr. David Joyner looks on. Franklin was named head coach Saturday, taking over for Bill O'Brien. Joe Hermitt, PennLive


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A typical villa has a 9x5 metre infinity pool, pergola, fireplace, a/c, landscaped garden, great views, parking area and a garden.
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IZOD Indycar Points Leader Will Power grabs the Pole Saturday in Sonoma
In a tight four-driver battle for the 2012 IZOD IndyCar Series title every point counts with just three races remaining in the season. That is why Will Power's pole on Saturday was another step in his quest to score his first-ever series championship.
Power scored his fourth pole of 2012 and his third-straight pole at Sonoma Raceway. The 28th pole of his career was also important because he gets one more point added to his championship total. Power enters Sunday's GoPro Indy Grand Prix of Sonoma with a six-point lead over Andretti Autosport driver Ryan Hunter-Reay. Team Penske teammate Helio Castroneves qualified fourth but is now 27 points behind Power with Target/Chip Ganassi Racing driver Scott Dixon starting fifth but is fourth in points 29 behind Power.
Power easily claimed the pole through the Firestone "Fast Six" when he drove his Dallara/Chevrolet around the 2.385-mile, 12-turn road course in 1:17.2709 for a speed of 111.116 miles per hour. Team Penske teammate Ryan Briscoe, a fellow Australian, was second at 1:17.4347 (110.881 mph) in another Dallara/Chevrolet.
"It's good to be back on the pole here in Sonoma and it's important to start up front here and we are very happy to once again be on the front row, which is where we want to start," said Power, the IndyCar star from Australia who is going for his third-straight Sonoma victory. "This track was great for the team and I would love to make it three in a row here. This whole team has worked hard all year and we'll just continue to push to win the championship.
"I don't want to let anybody by us tomorrow."
Three of the top four drivers in the championship race were involved in the Fast Six. Hunter-Reay was the lone driver in the top four that missed the final qualifying round and will start seventh after a lap time of 1:18.3355 (109.605 mph) in a Dallara/Chevrolet.
Too much fuel with too little time may have been the difference for the driver from the United States.
"Two of our wins came when we qualified seventh so we know we can do it from there, but it's still frustrating to miss the Fast Six," Hunter-Reay said. "We had five laps of fuel in the car but we had trouble with the start on pit lane we that meant we only had time for four laps in that session. We missed sixth by a few hundredths of a second so that fuel level would have made the difference in the lap time.
"Historically this has not been one of our best tracks and considering how we struggled yesterday we should be bummed by seventh."
Briscoe's front row start is the fifth straight time he has started in the top five at Sonoma. Briscoe won his first career IndyCar pole here in 2005.
"We definitely unloaded strong, the car has been good since practice yesterday and you just sort of adjust for the win really because it has the biggest impact on the balance around this place and it's pretty tough," Briscoe explained. "It was solid. I didn't get quite enough out of the first lap in Q3. It's tough when you are on used tires to know exactly where the grip is going to be so I was able to push a little bit harder on the second lap and repeat the time again because the tires were still old."
It became fairly obvious that before the "Fast Six" it was going to be a battle between the two Penske teammates to determine the pole.
"I had a feeling between Briscoe and myself, it was going to be a good battle," Power admitted. "He was really quick. But ultimately he was if he hadn't made that mistake on the last corner he probably would have been on pole.
"But I think it's been a good track for us. Ultimately, I would say, it's been a good track for Penske. I think that we have consistent cars here, and I can see the race is going to be pretty wide open with the way the windows work out, extending the race by ten laps. So there will probably be more passing, too. So expect a lot of action -- hopefully not with me."
Sebastien Bourdais of France was third in a Dallara/Chevrolet for Dragon Racing at 1:17.7497 (110.431 mph) for his best start of 2012. He is followed by Helio Castroneves of Team Penske at 1:18.1090 (109.923 mph) in another Dallara/Chevrolet.
"This place is awesome," Castroneves said. "This up and down elevation is really fun. Certainly Team Penske knows the way around here. I think in the past, with three cars, we really trained a lot. Yesterday unfortunately we found something in the car that was really different, and I felt we did not have the performance that we had in the test a week ago. And today was just continuing a little bit of that. But I'm happy. The conditions, the way the car, my car was running, my Penske Truck Rental car was running, it was a little bit uneasy. Especially through the crest of the hills, it was very, very difficult. So fourth actually I felt really good. We think we can win the race from there. And we just got to keep consistent out there when we go in tomorrow for the race."
Dixon has the most ground to make up out of the top four in the points race but is confident his Dallara/Honda is capable of advancing through the field from fifth place after qualifying at 1:18.2126 (109.778 mph) for Target/Chip Ganassi Racing.
He had to overcome some windy conditions that made part of his qualification session treacherous.
"I think I was following (Mike) Conway and in every corner in front of me he was running off the track and putting dirt everywhere," Dixon said. "That was a little frustrating. And I don't know, today, it seems like in the mornings the wind direction is the opposite way to how it was for qualifying our car. Balance is pretty decent. We can run fairly quick.
"But as the conditions changed and we struggled a little bit more, I don't know, we're kind of dumbfounded a little bit. We're just missing a little bit in just about every corner there's a couple of areas that are a little larger than others. But the cars balance well. We just don't seem to have the grip of the speed that we need to right at the moment. A little bit of work to do. But race conditions I think will be good."
Four-time IndyCar champion Dario Franchitti rounded out the "Fast Six" at 1:18.3462 (109.591 mph) in a Dallara/Honda.
For Castroneves and Dixon, the good news is they will start near the man they are chasing for the championship. But the bad news is Power's pole gave him one more point in a title race where every point counts.
"It's really important," Castroneves admitted. "Tomorrow is going to be extending the race (by an extra 10 laps over the past) and that might have a different strategy. So people from the back might end up benefitting them. But I feel especially on this stage we want to be close to those guys and that's what we need to do tomorrow."
Dixon isn't as concerned about Power gaining an extra point for winning the pole as he was when he was erroneously penalized for jumping a restart while running third and ultimately finished 11th earlier this year at Milwaukee.
"It is a point but I think there's plenty of times when you can look back after a championship run of where you lost points and where you should have been more consistent and things like that," Dixon said. "But if it comes down to that, I wouldn't place it or misplace for being the deciding factor.
"More than likely place it on Milwaukee."Copyright © 2014, The Morning Call


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State officials working to find ways to lower tolls charges on a new Tappan Zee Bridge. An advisor spoke with YNN's Elaina Athans about the efforts.
SPRING VALLEY, N.Y. -- "The governor flat out think the tolls, that are projected right now to 2017, are simply too high," said Tappan Zee Special Advisor Brian Conybeare. And the majority of public shares a similar sentiment. Governor Andrew Cuomo and his team are trying to tackle lowering the toll charges for a new Tappan Zee Bridge.
The estimate is $14 for a cash paying driver, which is nearly triple what they're handing over now. Cuomo has asked the Thruway Authority to start working with members of congress to secure more federal funding. Cuomo also wants to establish a financial task force.
"(It'll) look at federal funding, to look at the borrowing costs, to looking at lower the overall cost of the project, to hopefully lower the projected toll increases," said Conybeare.
These efforts were addressed at a meeting in Spring Valley, as the State moves ahead with plans to replace the structure. A new corridor would have eight lanes for traffic and space for emergency vehicles, among other things. One forum attendee wonders if she'll ever drive on the replacement.
Spring Valley resident Batsheva Gamoran said, "I don't know if I want to pay $14. That's kind of astronomical for these days."
Construction is expected to cost $5.2 billion. There are three bids on the project and the State says its have been assured the numbers are at, or below the $5.2 billion mark, which help toll prices.
"We're hopeful that they'll be low enough that they can bring the total cost of the project down, will bring the total toll increase down as well," said Conybeare.
The state is wrapping up its review process on these construction bids. Officials right now are going through about 750,000 pages of information. The final stage of the process is unseal documents, where they will learn the associated cost with each of the bids. The review should finish in about two weeks.
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Originally published November 27, 2011 at 9:02 PM | Page modified November 28, 2011 at 8:47 AM
Study: Doctors resist delaying key kid vaccines
While many pediatricians say they would be comfortable varying the official schedule for when children should receive vaccinations, they draw the line at delaying three particular vaccinations for potentially fatal diseases, according to a study by Seattle Children's Research Institute.
Seattle Times health reporter
Nearly 80 percent of pediatricians surveyed in Washington have been asked by parents to vary the official vaccination schedule for their children, according to a study published by the Seattle Children's Research Institute.
Sixty-one percent of the 290 doctors questioned for the research said they're comfortable changing the ambitious schedule recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which has children getting as many as 26 inoculations by age 2 — and up to five shots at one time.
But the findings, published in the December issue of Pediatrics, found that doctors balked when it came to delaying three vaccines for diseases that too often prove deadly to young children:
• The DtaP, which includes a vaccine for pertussis, also known as whooping cough.
• The Hib vaccine for Haemophilus influenza type b, which protects against a disease that can cause meningitis and is most dangerous to children under age 5.
• The PCV pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, which protects against bacterial meningitis and pneumonia from pneumococcal disease.
"When discussing alternative childhood immunization schedules, pediatricians have to balance two things: respecting the parents' decision and protecting the health of the child," said Dr. Douglas Opel, a study author and bioethicist at the Research Institute.
Pediatricians, navigating these competing interests, try to honor both goals by varying the schedule but not on vaccines they believe are "really vital to protecting the health of the child at a young age," Opel said.
Pertussis is "actively circulating as we speak," and the other two can cause "severe, life-threatening complications," said Opel, an acting assistant professor of pediatrics at the University of Washington. "That's why pediatricians are standing firm."
On the other hand, most of the surveyed pediatricians were willing to at least consider delaying or changing the schedule for these vaccines:
• Hepatitis B, a disease spread by contact with infected blood or other body fluids. The recommended schedule has babies getting vaccinations at birth and for the next several months, in part because a mother with hepatitis B can pass the virus to a newborn;
• Varicella (chickenpox), recommended to be first given at about age 1.
• IPV, inactivated poliovirus, recommended at age 2 months, again at age 4 months, and beyond.
Opel and other authors said understanding pediatricians' attitudes is an important component in knowing how best to address parents' concerns about vaccines. Maintaining parents' confidence is vital to "reaping the full potential benefits of modern medicine," the authors wrote.
"Currently, however, parental acceptance of childhood immunizations is waning," they said.
Between 2003 and 2008, there was a 17 percentage-point increase nationally in parents who refused or delayed immunizations for their children, and increasing numbers file philosophical exemption forms to avoid required vaccines for school-age children.
Washington, according to the state Department of Health, had the nation's highest exemption rate in the 2009-2010 school year, with 6.2 percent of kindergartners having a parent-signed exemption form for one or more vaccines. State exemption rates have more than doubled over the past 10 years.
Public-health officials expect that rate eventually to drop in the wake of a new law that does not allow parents to exempt children unless they submit a signed form from a health-care provider who has provided the parent with risks and benefits of immunization.
Michele Roberts, health promotion manager of the Department of Health's Immunization and Child Profile office, said the study helped put to rest anecdotes about pediatricians ending their relationships with parents who have concerns about vaccines for their children.
"Mostly, we see providers who want to work with parents, who start with where they're at and go from there," Roberts said. "I think providers in this state are really good about negotiating with parents — I don't think we have many providers here who fire parents."
Although the study didn't address the reasons why parents want to vary the schedule, Opel said other surveys have found that they are most concerned about vaccine safety, both immediate and long-term.
While no pediatrician should insist that vaccines are 100 percent safe or 100 percent effective, he said, they should answer parents' questions and concerns, and reassure them. "Most of the time, a large majority of the time, children don't experience side effects."
While Opel generally applauded the flexibility of pediatricians in responding to parental concerns, he said there's no research on such alternative vaccination schedules. "We really ought to know how safe and effective these schedules are," he said.
Carol M. Ostrom: 206-464-2249 or email@example.com. On Twitter @costrom.
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Location. Located in Jackson, The Wyoming Inn of Jackson Hole is near the airport and close to Jackson Hole Historical Society and Museum, Jackson City Hall, and Teton County Jackson Recreation Center. Nearby points of interest also include Jackson Town Square and Snow King Resort.
Hotel Features. Dining options at The Wyoming Inn of Jackson Hole include a restaurant and a coffee shop/café. Recreational amenities include a fitness facility. This 3 star property has a 24 hour business center and offers a meeting/conference room, audiovisual equipment, and business services. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. Complimentary shuttle services include a roundtrip airport shuttle during limited hours and an area shuttle. Guest parking is complimentary. Additional property amenities include laundry facilities, complimentary newspapers in the lobby, and concierge services. This is a smoke free property.
Guestrooms. 68 air conditioned guestrooms at The Wyoming Inn of Jackson Hole feature coffee/tea makers and safes. Beds come with pillowtop mattresses and premium bedding. Bathrooms feature shower/tub combinations, double sinks, makeup/shaving mirrors, and complimentary toiletries. Wireless Internet access is complimentary. In addition to desks and complimentary newspapers, guestrooms offer multi line phones with voice mail, as well as free local calls (restrictions may apply). Cable television is provided. Hair dryers, irons/ironing boards, and clock radios are also provided. Guests may request in room massages and wake up calls. Housekeeping is available daily. Guestrooms are all non smoking.
Hotel Year Built 1995 Year Remodeled 2001 Additional Property Description Many guests at our Vernal hotel are in town for the incredible Dinosaur National Monument, but there are many other must see attractions in the region. Hatch River trips and Arta River trips are a must for water recreation enthusiasts, and there are trips for every skill level. The Flaming Gorge is well known for its natural beauty and a top destination for hikers and nature photographers. Our hotel is one of the meeting places for river trips, and with our spacious rooms and great value, we re an easy choice for many rafters. Not only is our Vernal hotel close to the Dinosaur National Monument, were also close to Ashley National Forest. Location matters when you re on vacation, and we compliment our prime location with quality and a friendly staff. Whether youre in Vernal on business for oil fields, or for a Green River trip, you deserve a well appointed, clean guest room. The local summer rodeo also draws a crowd to our Vernal hotel. We re only half a block from the Natural History Museum and Western Park, so many special events can easily be walked to. The quarry site at the Dinosaur National Monument is 15 minutes away, and a great way to kick off your vacation in Vernal. Business travelers also enjoy the amenities of our Vernal hotel. A few of our regular business travelers include employees of Gilsonite Mine, the Sulfate Mine and those in the oil industry. Enjoy our free breakfast spread before starting your working trip. Our selection includes piping hot eggs, fruits, pastries, yogurts, cereals, and 100 percent Arabica coffee along with cold juices. Reserve your next room at BEST WESTERN Dinosaur Inn, where location and quality come first.
Property Location
The alpine house Lodge & Cottages is in the heart of Jackson, walking distance from Jackson Hole Historical Society and Museum and Teton County-Jackson Recreation Center. This romantic hotel is within close proximity of Playmill Theater and Jackson Town Square.
Make yourself at home in one of the 27 individually decorated guestrooms, featuring iPod docking stations and espresso makers. Your bed comes with down comforters and Egyptian cotton sheets. Rooms have private patios where you can take in garden and courtyard views. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available to keep you connected. Private bathrooms with shower/tub combinations feature designer toiletries and hair dryers.
Rec, Spa, Premium Amenities
Relax and unwind with massages, body treatments, and facials. A sauna and a steam room offer a relaxing way to wind down after a day on the slopes. This hotel also features complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and ski storage. The ski shuttle (surcharge) makes getting to the slopes a breeze.
At the end of the day, relax with your favorite drink at a bar/lounge.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include business services, audiovisual equipment, and complimentary newspapers in the lobby. Planning an event in Jackson? This hotel has 275 square feet (26 square meters) of space consisting of conference/meeting rooms and small meeting rooms. Free parking is available onsite.
Property Location
With a stay at Alpenhof in Teton Village (Moose Entrance), you'll be minutes from Jackson Hole Mountain Resort. This ski hotel is within the region of Wildlife and Natural History Safaris and Chapel of the Transfiguration.
Make yourself at home in one of the 42 air-conditioned guestrooms. Complimentary wired and wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and premium TV channels provides entertainment. Bathrooms feature shower/tub combinations, designer toiletries, and hair dryers. Conveniences include desks and complimentary weekday newspapers, and housekeeping is provided daily.
Rec, Spa, Premium Amenities
Pamper yourself with onsite massages and body treatments. You're sure to appreciate the convenience of ski-in/ski-out access at this hotel, which also features ski-in/ski-out access and an outdoor pool. Additional features include complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and ski storage.
Grab a bite at one of the hotel's 2 restaurants, or stay in and take advantage of room service (during limited hours). At the end of the day, relax with your favorite drink at a bar/lounge.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include complimentary high-speed (wired) Internet access, business services, and express check-out. Event facilities at this hotel consist of small meeting rooms and banquet facilities. Free parking is available onsite.
Property Location
With a stay at The Lodge at Jackson Hole in Jackson, you'll be in the mountains and convenient to Teton County Fairgrounds and Jackson Hole Historical Society and Museum. This ski hotel is within close proximity of Teton Theater and Playmill Theater.
Make yourself at home in one of the 153 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and microwaves. Your room comes with a pillowtop bed. 52-inch LCD televisions with video-game consoles and pay movies provide entertainment. Bathrooms feature shower/tub combinations, complimentary toiletries, and hair dryers.
Rec, Spa, Premium Amenities
Spend the day on the slopes, or enjoy recreational amenities including an outdoor pool and an indoor pool. Additional features include concierge services, babysitting/childcare, and ski storage. Guests can catch a ride to nearby destinations on the complimentary area shuttle.
Grab a bite from a snack bar/deli serving guests of The Lodge at Jackson Hole.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include a business center, business services, and complimentary newspapers in the lobby. Free parking is available onsite.
Grand Targhee Resort is open for our 2012 summer season until September 30th. Our scenic chairlift operates 7 days a week, and the resort offers mountain bike trails, an outdoor pool and hot tub, rock climbing wall, horseback rides, dining, shopping, and much more.Three mountainside lodges provide bike in/bike out convenience to the slopes and trails at Grand Targhee Resort, with walking distance of every activity and center within the Resort. Offered with each accommodation is our heated outdoor pool and hot tub, open year round.Grand Targhee Resort is an ideal setting for group gatherings and business conferences, and it makes for an amazing wedding site. With our breathtaking scenery, clean air and our secluded feel, you will be able to step away from the stresses of everyday life in our idyllic alpine setting. Four separate meeting rooms of varying capacity and our mountainside conference tent combines over 9000 sq. ft of conference space. Our full time concierge and conference planners can arrange everything from accommodations to meals, activities, meeting rooms, theme parties, off site world renowned fly fishing excursions, golfing, and mountain bike guided tours. We have something for every outdoor enthusiast.


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Unspecified locality, Nogales area, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, USA‡Ref.: Headden, W.P. (1903), Mineralogical notes-Cuprodescloizite, Arizona, Colorado Sci. Society Proceedings: 7: 149-150.
Guild, F.N. (1911), Mineralogische Notizen, Zeit. Krystal. und Mineral.: 49: 321-331.
Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of Ariozna: 71.
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 307.
Mineral List
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| Mottramite
2 entries listed. 2 valid minerals.
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Locality Updated: Blackwood opencut, MMM Mine, Broken Hill, Yancowinna Co., New South Wales, AustraliaFrom Keith Compton, 20th Dec 2014 07:10:15


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Corrigendum to "Influence of meteorology on PM10 trends and variability in Switzerland from 1991 to 2008" published in Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 1813–1835, 2011
I. Barmpadimos, C. Hueglin, J. Keller, S. Henne, and A. S. H. Prévôt
Related Subject Area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Physics (physical properties and processes)


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Down payment and mortgage insurance is waived for qualified teachers, firefighters, law enforcement and military.
Realtors say mortgage insurance pricing hundreds of thousands out of the market.
Genworth Mortgage Insurance video lays out hows, whys of growing environmentally sustainable home market.
Analysis shows Republican-leaning states particularly affected in areas of home purchasing and student lending.
One of the three biggest national ratings agencies has moved its outlook on CUNA Mutual Group's Mortgage Insurance pending sale to a subsidiary of Arch Capital from negative to positive.
Private mortgage insurers have been alerting clients and potential clients they will insure loans whose closing have been delayed by federal shutdown.
Enforcement action over what bureau said were widespread kickbacks to lenders across the country.
Sale of jointly owned mortgage insurer will take a while to finalize because of bankruptcy complications of partner firm.
Bermuda-based insurer will operate firm through distribution and reinsurance agreement pending Arizona regulator, other approvals.
Agency looking at alleged kickbacks to bankers, violations of RESPA.