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Big purchases and big problems: common consumer issues when spending that tax return
The following information was discussed by Attorney Whitney Hughes on the May 3, 2011 edition of Legal Briefs on KDKA's Pittsburgh Today Live Show.
View this Legal Briefs segament on KDKA
The tax returns have been filed, and if you're lucky enough to have received a refund, many people are using it to either pay off debt (always a good choice) or as a stepping stone toward making a big purchase or investment. Below are some common expenditures for which people use their tax returns, and some potential pitfalls to avoid.
(1) Home improvements
Surveys have shown that a percentage of people will use at least some portion of their tax refund to pay for home improvements. Some helpful hints:
- Make sure you are dealing with a reputable contractor. Check for appropriate licenses, permits, and insurance.
- Ask for references and contact them. Many times a contractor will provide a list of references, but you should actually contact them to find out what their experiences were. Just looking at the list isn't enough.
- Read through a contract carefully and don't sign it if there's a portion of it you don't understand or don't agree with. Make sure that it is also very specific with regard to materials to be used as well.
- If you are paying for materials and there are some left over, you can ask to retain the unused portion. Especially keep this in mind when having painting done; it's always helpful to have extra paint around for touch-ups later.
- If you are having something replaced, especially in an older home, consider saving the items that are removed and if they are in decent condition, donate them to an architectural salvage business.
(2) Purchasing a new car
Warmer weather is here as well and we're hearing from people who are ditching their car after getting through the winter or are buying a car for a young son or daughter who will be graduating and going off to school soon. Again, some helpful tips:
- NEVER, EVER BUY A CAR AS IS – So many people make this mistake and it never ends well. Legally, if you purchase a car "as-is" you are taking it with all faults, which means you cannot later go back and sue the seller when you find there is something wrong with it. Sometimes dealers will sell a car "as-is" and then attempt to sell you an additional "warranty." This is essentially a service policy which may state that they will repair certain conditions over a given period of time at a certain cost. A service policy is different from a warranty.
- The Lemon Law does not apply to used cars. Period.
- If you finance a car and fail to make a payment, the bank can and often will repossess the car. It doesn't matter that you were "only a little bit" late. Late is late, and it means at best you will be facing additional fees, and at worst you may lose the car. Keep this in mind especially when dealing with car dealers who are marketing their services to people who have questionable credit. Many times their financing agreements can have extremely high interest rates and clauses which permit them to repossess the car if even one payment is missed. Again, if there is something you don't understand or that seems questionable, walk away.
- Use common sense. Generally speaking, a newer car, well taken care of should last longer. If you are buying an older car, one with many miles on it, or a car for an unusually low price, don't expect it to be a long-lived investment. There are exceptions, but do your homework and really consider what you are buying.
- If you co-sign a loan for someone you are also promising to pay the entire debt. If the person taking out the loan fails to pay it, you will be responsible. Don't assume that if they don't pay and you are then on the hook, that you can successfully sue them later either. If they don't pay that debt, chances are you won't see your money either.
- If you put a car in your name (whether financed or titled) and then give the car to someone else and allow them to make payments to you, you own the car. It is completely your responsibility, and it does not matter whether or not the other person pays you back. You are the one who signed on the dotted line, so you're on the hook. This is NEVER a wise move.
(3) Purchasing real estate
Often receiving a large chunk of money such as a tax refund will allow a person to put additional money toward a down payment on a home or can be just the push toward encouraging someone to invest in a sheriff sale property. Again, some helpful tips:
- Just because you have the money for a down payment doesn't mean you can afford a home, and just because you are qualified for a mortgage doesn't mean you should get one. Home ownership is expensive. It can be a very good investment, but we've all seen what can happen when you are in over your head with a property. You must consider your monthly payment, insurance, repairs to the property, utilities, and your daily living expenses. Chances are there will also be things you need when you move such as moving expenses and furniture, window treatments, etc. These all add up. Think carefully and make sure you have "more than enough" money set aside – "just enough" doesn't cut it.
- When you purchase property at a sheriff's sale you are taking it subject to all liens and encumbrances on the property. This means that if you purchase it for $2500, you may be accepting responsibility for a significant tax lien or an additional mortgage as well. You also will face having to remove people who are living there if they have not vacated the property. Bottom line is that the small chunk of money you get from a tax refund is usually not nearly enough to start "dabbling" in real estate by purchasing at a sheriff's sale.
For a referral to an attorney practicing in a particular field, call the Allegheny County Bar Associatios Lawyer Referral Service at 412-261-5555 or visit their website at www.acbalrs.org.


text: Welcome to Holdlifestill Photography, family and event photography in Burlington, Ontario and area. Kathy Guffroy is the face behind Holdlifestill Photography and she has photographed families and their special moments since 2009. The web home of Holdlifestill Photography is currently undergoing an update and we will be back with a new look soon. In the meantime, please contact Kathy at firstname.lastname@example.com or 905-979-0107.

subset: commoncrawl


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This comes from a former Border Patrol Supervisor:
Each and every Democratic administration I have worked under have authorized the hiring of extra BP Agents in order to show that they wanted to control the border. THEN each and every Democratic Administration I have worked under has instituted policies to assure that the agency is as ineffective as possible.
Under the Clinton Administration a bunch of attorneys were hired to oversee the BP's activities. Undercover Operations were required to have undercover authorization before any undercover assignment was conducted! There was a provision for emergent circumstances such as "rolling" a smuggler and getting in with the smuggler and identifying the people at the other end so that everyone involved could be arrested. We were quickly told that there would be no more urgent requests authorized, we would have to wait a minimum of two weeks. The Clinton appointed attorney in charge of undercover operations stated "my sole purpose is to assure that you agents can't do anything that could potentially embarass this administration and if you never make another case that was fine with him".
Uniformed officers were assigned to sit on "X's" to act as a deterrent and couldn't move. They could only sit still and count the people who walked around them. The Obama Administration thought that was such a good idea they initiated the same thing but officers are prohibited from counting the hundreds or thousands who walk around them. Now the administration can claim that the border is secure since apprehensions are down and there are no reports of "got aways"! I haven't seen any evidence of interior enforcement efforts for anyone who hasn't been placed under arrest by another agency. Escape the immediate border area, don't travel by highways where checkpoints are located and you are home free!


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Friday, October 4, 2013
Marine Conservation Action Fund supports projects worldwide
2013 MCAF funded projects
1) Acoustic tagging of sharks in the Buck Island Monument, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands.
Grantee: Greg Skomal, PhD, and Bryan DeAngelis, Atlantic White Shark Conservancy
2) Leatherback turtle nesting beach monitoring and protection program, Papua, Indonesia.
Grantee: Ricardo Tapilatu, Bird's Head Leatherback Turtle Program
3) Emergency funding for sea turtle protection program on Pacuare Beach, Costa Rica
Grantee: Didiher Chacon, WIDECAST
4) Research on the impact of shark fisheries in Peru
Grantee: Ali Altamirano, ACOREMA
5) Sea ranger community patrol program for locally-managed marine area in Indonesia.
Grantee: Helen Newman, Sea Sanctuaries Trust
6) Research and conservation of sawfish populations in Mozambique
Grantee: Ruth Leeney, PhD, Marine Megafauna Foundation
7) Collection and recycling of derelict fishing nets, Chile
Grantee: Ben Kneppers, New Earth
8) Satellite tagging of manta rays in the Revillagigedo Islands, Mexico
Grantee: Josh Stewart, Manta Trust
Labels: 2013 grantees, Marine Conservation Action Fund, MCAF
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text:
Your Pop Alternative Source
and I love Bill Kaulitz!!!! ♥♥♥ I love the way he smiles and when he sings and EVERYTHING OF HIM!
I would love to travel to Japan and to Germany
Ich liebe dich Bill!
Find more music like this on Cherrytree Records
© 2014 Created by Cherrytree.


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Dáil Éireann - Volume 534 - 12 April, 2001
Written Answers - Community Employment Schemes.
Mr. Rabbitte Mr. Rabbitte
77. Mr. Rabbitte asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment if her attention has been drawn to the fact that, since 1 April 2001, the gap between social welfare rates and the rates obtaining for community employment participants has narrowed; the steps which are proposed to address this situation; and if she will make a statement on the matter. [11181/01]
Ms Harney Ms Harney
Tánaiste and Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment (Ms Harney): Rates for participants on the community employment programme, CEP, have been increased effective from 26 March 2001 in line with recent social welfare increases. The basis adult rate is now £104.75 and the rate for participants with adult dependants is £158.75. The gap between unemployment payments and the rates payable on community employment remains unchanged.
Dáil Éireann 534 Written Answers Community Employment Schemes.


text:
Originally Posted by Kneenibble
You smoke?
..I may have to retract the question I was going to ask. Or at least add some sort of conditional clause.
If we met up somehow and you had stopped smoking, how should I go about seducing you?
Spoiler: Amusing/nice quotes
Originally Posted by Cobra_Ikari
*is too much awesome to behold*
*runs awaaaaaay*
Originally Posted by Introbulus
Decent? Are you kidding? That is an epic win, good sir. *Shakes your hand*
Originally Posted by Jibar
Thufir I love the chess set and wish I had my own.
Sometimes I blog about things. Sometimes I talk about things. And sometimes I play video games.
Curse the Atlantic Ocean!
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The Chefs have already hit the road on the way to the next city when Padma stops them at a roadblock -- surprise, it's the next Quickfire challenge! In this week's Quickfire, the chefs create a delicious dish using only ingredients found inside a standard survival kit. In the elimination challenge, the chefs cook for Dallas high society. In this progressive dinner party, they'll be in one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in town, cooking and serving in three different houses. They will be split into groups and assigned to serve the appetizer in one house, entree in the next, and then dessert in the final house. Guest judge John Besh joins Gail Simmons, head judge Tom Colicchio, and host Padma Lakshmi.
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text:
Howard Waitzkin, MD, PhD, Karen Wald, Romina Kee, MD, Ross Danielson, PhD, Lisa Robinson, RN, ARNP
From the Division of Community Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico (HW), the Cuban News Service (KW), the Chicago Department of Public Health (RK); the Department of Public Health Education, Portland State University (RD); and Planned Parenthood of Central Washington (LR).
Corresponding author: Howard Waitzkin, MD, PhD, Division of Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Family Practice Center, 2400 Tucker Ave. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, telephone 505-272-1317, fax 505-272-4494, E-mail: email@example.com
Requests for reprints should be addressed to Howard Waitzkin, MD, PhD, Division of Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Family Practice Center, 2400 Tucker Ave. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, E-mail: email@example.com
Second revision submitted April 1997.
Cuba's accomplishments in primary care, while controversial, include several developments pertinent to family medicine. These accomplishments involve low-technology and organizational innovations such as neighborhood-based family medicine as the focus of primary care; regionalized systems of hospital services and professional training; innovative public health initiatives and epidemiologic surveillance; universal access to services without substantial barriers related to race, social class, gender, and age; and active programs in alternative or traditional treatments such as "green medicine" and "thermalism." High-technology achievements include innovations in pharmacology and biotechnology, surgical procedures, and care of patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Limited access to Cuban publications, impediments to presentations by Cuban health-care professionals at professional meetings, and the prohibition on importing products of Cuban biotechnology to the United States inhibit a detached, scientific appraisal of Cuba's accomplishments. Cuba's isolation from the U.S. clinical and research communities has prevented interchanges that would improve primary care services in both countries.
Key words: international health, Cuba, family medicine, primary health care, public health, community medicine.
Ninety miles from the United States, Cuba and its health-care system remain mysterious and controversial for many primary care practitioners. Partly because of U.S. governmental restrictions on travel and importation of journals and medical products, clinicians and researchers face difficulties in appraising critically the policies and practices that have evolved in Cuban medicine.
As members of a study seminar from the American Public Health Association who have visited Cuba in 1995 and 1996, we witnessed both problems and strengths of the health-care system that are relevant for U.S. medicine. As required under the federal restrictions which limit travel to Cuba for U.S. citizens, we traveled to Cuba with a license approved by the Treasury Department. We were able to travel freely within Cuba and to make observations in local communities, hospitals, clinics, research institutes, and the first national sanitarium for HIV patients. At several of these sites, we arrived spontaneously, without prior notification. In some instances, we entered into discussions with individuals who had opposed various aspects of Cuban governmental policies. We also conducted interviews in Spanish with officials and community leaders as part of a itinerary planned by officials of the Cuban Ministry of Public Health; we were free to deviate from this itinerary at will, did so on numerous occasions, and experienced no restrictions on our ability to pursue inquiries of interest to us, such as those that involved transportation by private automobile to provinces outside Havana. In addition, we reviewed current literature, including items identified by a Medline search using the following key words: Cuba, medicine, and health.
In this article, after providing further information about the history of the Cuban health-care system, we describe some of the low-technology and high-technology developments in Cuba which remain largely inaccessible to U.S. health-care professionals. While we reach mainly favorable conclusions about Cuban health care, we also note criticisms raised both by ourselves and others.
A well organized and accessible health-care system has enjoyed a high priority in Cuba since the Revolution of 1959. Training programs have produced large numbers of physicians, nurses, and allied professionals, who practice in a system that assures access to services in even the most remote parts of the country. Curricula for these training programs have been developed centrally by the national Ministry of Public Health after input from educators and practitioners in all areas of the country; the curricula have been implemented in large part through decentralized training facilities, including medical schools that have been initiated in each of Cuba's provinces.,,pp 197-203
Because the production of physicians came to exceed the country's internal requirements (Cuba's physician per population ratio is 1 per 255, as compared to 1 to 430 in the United States,, p 49, , pp 208-9 Cuba has been able to export primary care practitioners and specialists for periods of service in other Third World nations. Decisions to send doctors abroad have responded to official requests by the governments of these countries. More than 10,000 Cuban physicians have served abroad, with as many as 1,500 at a single time.2, p.157,
Efforts in preventive care have achieved greatly improved health indicators. For instance, the incidence of infectious diseases preventable by vaccines is lower than in any other nation at Cuba's level of economic development; immunization rates have remained for many years between 99 and 100 percent of the target populations., p 26 During Cuba's recent economic crisis, the continued availability of vaccines has been facilitated through internal production of needed vaccines by Cuban biotechnology laboratories. Compliance is assured by routine epidemiologic surveillance at the neighborhood level by family physicians, in cooperation with the neighborhood-based mass organizations such as the Cuban Federation of Women and the Committees for the Defense of the Revolution. Such public health efforts have received wide recognition by international agencies including the World Health Organization and Panamerican Health Organization; even critics of the Cuban political system have acknowledged its accomplishments in the medical field.,, pp 265-272,, pp 153-66,
The loss of Cuba's principal trading partners in eastern Europe and the U.S. embargo have impacted heavily on the health and well being of the Cuban people. Medications, medical supplies, and equipment have become difficult to obtain, even from western European, Canadian, and Asian firms that previously have traded with Cuba but fear sanctions imposed by the United States. Between 1991 and 1993, an epidemic of optic neuritis and polyneuropathy occurred in Cuba. Scientists from Cuba and other countries later confirmed that the epidemic developed from multiple causes, especially a rapid decline in food intake and other essential nutrients such as B vitamins.
Since early 1994, economic conditions in Cuba have improved, partly due to planned joint investment partnerships with companies based in western Europe and Canada, as well as increased tourism. For instance, after declining between 10.7 and 14.9 percent annually between 1991 and 1993, Cuba's gross domestic product grew 0.7 percent in 1994 and 2.5 percent in 1995., pp 6-20 As a result, the severe problems of nutrition and disease which began to emerge in the early 1990s have eased considerably.13 On the other hand, shortages of many medications, equipment, and replacement parts persist.
Family medicine, preventive services, and epidemiologic surveillance. After the revolution, the training of Cuban medical students and residents first proceeded along traditional lines, with physicians entering specialties of their choice after a one-year period of obligatory service. However, dissatisfaction due to crowding and discontinuities in staffing of local polyclinics arose in many communities. In response, the Ministry of Public Health developed during the mid-1970s a program of "Medicine in the Community." For this program, professors and residents in the primary care specialties maintained a regular base in local polyclinics.2, pp 37-40
Despite these changes, dissatisfaction persisted. As a result, in 1984 the government initiated the program of "Integral General Medicine" (Medicina General Integral).2, pp 44-7, 9, pp 265-272, ,,, In this program, before they make their choices of generalist versus specialist careers, all residents receive three years of training in family medicine. This training includes rotations in each primary care specialty (internal medicine, pediatrics, and obstetrics and gynecology), as well as a longitudinal continuity experience based in a local neighborhood and supervised by family physicians. During their residencies, and afterward if they choose to remain family practitioners, physicians live in the communities that they serve, usually in an apartment within the same building that contains their practice site (consultorio). In general, a family practitioner provides primary care and preventive services for 700 to 800 patients who live in the immediate vicinity of the practice.
Each family practitioner is required to see every patient in his or her catchment area at least twice a year. The physician maintains a record of preventive services and conditions for all patients in the catchment area; this record is updated and reviewed at least monthly with a clinical supervisor, who is an academically based family physician. The monitored services and conditions include prenatal care, immunizations, cancer screening by Papanicolaou smears and mammography, risk factors such as smoking and hypertension, and follow-up for chronic conditions, as well as psychosocial problems and sources of stress in the family or at work. Under this surveillance system, it is expected that all patients in the catchment area receive preventive services appropriate for their age, gender, and risk factors. In our observations with family doctors, we found that the practitioners were knowledgeable and maintained surveillance records regarding all patients for whom they were responsible.
Family physicians are supported by a system of laboratories, referral centers, and consultation resources, based in local polyclinics and municipal hospitals. When patients require admission, they enter a municipal, provincial, or national hospital as their conditions warrant. Unless a patient is transported to a provincial or national hospital outside the local area, the family physician travels personally to the referral hospital. There, he or she meets with specialists who assume responsibility for the patient's inpatient management, coordinates inpatient services to assure continuity after discharge, and maintains frequent contacts with the patient to enhance the long-term patient-doctor relationship. For emergencies, especially in urban areas, patients can decide to bypass the local family physician and can receive services directly at the emergency rooms of referral hospitals. In this situation the emergency room staff attempt to contact the patient's family physician for subsequent follow-up. Through this organizational structure, Cuban health policy favors local primary care services, within an organized system of consultation and referral for more specialized care.
The focus on community-based family practice facilitates public health activities and epidemiologic surveillance. Data concerning acute and chronic illnesses pass sequentially from family practitioners to the municipal, provincial, and national levels of the Ministry of Public Health. This surveillance system is computerized and linked throughout the country by modem and electronic mail. Computerized surveillance has been implemented at all provincial levels and is being extended to municipalities and rural health centers. The surveillance system rapidly clarifies such problems as the spread of infectious diseases, the changing distribution of chronic diseases, and unusual clinical conditions such as the epidemic of neuropathy that emerged between 1991 and 1993.2, pp 37-40 Such innovations may prove instructive for countries, including the United States, which lack efficient data gathering and reporting systems for preventive services and efforts in community oriented primary care.
Issues of race, class, gender, and age. The Cuban medical profession is fully integrated in proportion to the racial distribution of the population, as opposed to the situation before the revolution, when the great majority of Cuban physicians were white. In addition, there is no evidence of racial barriers that inhibit patients' access to diagnostic, curative, or preventive services.
On the other hand, to be successful in entering medical school, applicants must receive a strong recommendation from organizations in their local communities. For that reason, political criteria do enter into the selection process, focusing on the applicants' commitment to subsequent service. Although this political component of the selection process has attracted some criticisms inside Cuba and from foreign observers, the requirement that applicants present evidence of their communities' support has continued.
Because Cuban educational policies have encouraged recruitment of medical students from all regions and social categories, entrance into the profession by students from historically lower social class positions has increased markedly since 1959. As in other fields of study, medical students receive free education, with no personal out-of-pocket costs or debts. This policy has allowed students from families with modest incomes to enter the profession at a much higher rate than in other countries of Latin America, as well as in the United States and Europe.2, pp 26-31
Financial barriers to health-care access have been eliminated. Medical services remain completely free, although small copayments are expected for most medications purchased at pharmacies. Income differentials between the highest paid professional and the lowest paid worker in Cuba, at approximately four to one, are much lower than in other countries. Nevertheless, as in economically advanced countries like Canada and the United Kingdom whose national health systems assure universal access, social class may continue to affect health status in Cuba. The recent neuropathy epidemic is one example; low income workers (especially frequent smokers) developed neuropathy somewhat more frequently than higher paid workers.13
Problems of gender bias have diminished. Currently 48 percent of Cuban physicians and 61 percent of family physicians are women. Women have assumed positions of authority at all levels of the health system. Gender differences in the frequency of invasive diagnostic or therapeutic procedures have not been thoroughly studied in Cuba.
Geriatric medicine has received emphasis, partly because the control of infectious diseases contributed to a demographic profile resembling those of the United States and other economically developed countries. During residency training, all physicians participate in geriatric rotations. Family practitioners and internists who elect to receive additional training in geriatrics provide services in the network of "old age homes" (hogares de ancianos) throughout the country. These institutions offer adult day care services, residential facilities for older single people and couples, exercise programs designed by a nationally coordinated program in exercise physiology, travel, and cultural activities.
One unique aspect of community participation in Cuban geriatric services involves the "grandparents' circles" (círculos de abuelos). These groups emerged in the late 1970s, due to a recognition that neighborhood-based organizations could provide an additional source of care and support for older people. Currently, within most Cuban neighborhoods, the grandparents' circles offer opportunities for daily social interaction, recreation, and service activities.,
"Green medicine" and other "alternative" treatments. Historically, community based practitioners not trained in medical schools have offered alternative therapies based on traditionally used herbs and other plant materials, especially in the Afro-Cuban population. In some instances, Cuban scientists have investigated the pharmacologic basis of traditional herbal remedies. During the 1990s, after extensive controversy and against the background of decreased availability of many medications due to the U.S. embargo and loss of trade advantages with eastern Europe, "green medicine" (medicina verde) has flourished.
The Ministry of Public Health has distributed a national formulary and educational materials on green medicine, compiled by 17 prominent scientists in medicine and biology, to practitioners throughout the country. For each "medicinal plant," the formulary provides the following information: common names, scientific name, botanical family, physical description of the plant, worldwide geographical origin, location in Cuba, part of the plant to be used, instructions on collection and storage, clinical properties validated experimentally, pharmaceutical description, mode of administration, other attributed properties, side effects, other uses, chemical composition, cultivation, and preparation and dosage. In most local clinics and hospitals, an illustrated list of recommended herbal treatments, posted in a prominent location, guides patients and physicians in obtaining remedies for conditions ranging from gastritis to musculoskeletal pain. In disseminating this information, the Ministry of Public Health has restricted its recommendations to herbal treatments that have proven safe and, based on a consensus judgment of leading physicians, are effective in the primary care setting.
Family doctors whom we interviewed described their initial reluctance, based on their training and clinical experience, to recommend treatments in green medicine. Over time, they reported, they have begun to initiate such treatments, especially when allopathic medications could not be obtained because of shortages, and generally have achieved satisfactory results.
"Thermalism" has emerged as another major arena of Cuban traditional medicine that has returned to favor under recent conditions of austerity. The recuperative characteristics Cuba's more than 40 thermal sites became known to Spanish colonizers as early as the first part of the seventeenth century. Attitudes favoring this traditional therapy have been fostered by the recent economic crisis. The medical curriculum now includes principles of thermalism. In several provinces, certified physicians coordinate clinical services and research on the mineral properties of thermal sites. The specified indications for thermal treatment almost always include chronic conditions, especially rheumatologic and dermatologic disorders.
Under the purview of the Ministry of Public Health, research to evaluate the clinical efficacy of herbal treatments and thermalism for specific diseases is in progress, both in Havana and in regional centers. The published and widely distributed lists of indications for certain plants to be used in specified diseases, however, are based on the consensus judgments of health professionals considered expert in the field, rather than extensive, laboratory-based tests of efficacy.
Advances in pharmacology and biotechnology. Cuba also has achieved notable successes in high-technology fields, partly because of an explicit national policy encouraging focused development of biotechnology. These accomplishments remain little known in the United States because of the economic and information boycott. For instance, at the Dalmer Laboratories and the Carlos Finlay Institute in Havana, scientists have developed several medications and immunizations through advanced techniques in biotechnology. Pharmaceutical products comprise Cuba's third most important export, behind sugar and nickel, and earn more than $100 million annually.22
One of these products, policosanol (PPG), is an oral medication derived from sugar cane that lowers cholesterol and atherogenic lipoproteins. Although Cuban scientists have published extensive laboratory and clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness and side-effects of PPG, these publications have reached few U.S. readers.,, PPG has been approved for clinical use in the treatment of lipid disorders in Europe and Latin America because of its high benefit/risk ratio (the only side effect that occurs with notable frequency is heightened libido, which actually has enhanced sales in some countries).45, The U.S. Food and Drug Administration currently reports no evaluation of PPG for potential approval and release (Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, personal communication, 1996).
In 1981, Cuba started to produce interferon alfa. Initially, Cuban physicians used interferon as a treatment for serious viral infections, including Dengue fever and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Until wider production of interferon became possible during the late 1980s through recombinant DNA technology, Cuba and Finland were the leading producers internationally. More recently, Cuba has expanded the production of interferons, monoclonal antibodies, interleukins, and thrombolytic agents, for both export and internal use. For instance, a Cuban monoclonal antibody has become a routine part of preventing rejection in the organ transplantation program. Streptokinase, produced in Cuba through recombinant DNA technology, has entered the initial treatment procedures for patients with acute myocardial infarctions.
Cuban biotechnology also has focused on the development and production of vaccines. During the 1980s, Cuba became a producer of all vaccines used in childhood, as well as hepatitis B vaccine. The Finlay Institute has produced an innovative vaccine against meningococcus strain B. This vaccine has proven useful in the prevention of meningococcal epidemics which have occurred in both developing and more economically advanced countries., Cuba has exported the meningococcal vaccine to Latin American and European countries which have used it for focused immunization campaigns.
Advanced surgical procedures. Transplantation surgery and supporting fields in internal medicine such as immunology and infectious diseases have emerged as major emphases of Cuban medicine. Since the late 1980s, Cuban physicians have performed virtually all types of contemporary transplantation surgery at a single national referral center - Hermanos Almeijeiras Hospital in Havana. This hospital routinely provides heart, heart-lung, kidney, pancreas, liver, cornea, and bone marrow transplants.2, pp 58-62 Organs are harvested through a national computerized system based on histocompatibility testing and are transported by rapid air and ground networks. A committee of health professionals at the Almeijeiras Hospital makes decisions about which individuals who need transplants may receive them and in what order. Availability of organs appears more favorable than in some other countries because willingness to donate organs is assessed and recorded on the identification cards which all citizens carry; during recent years more than 90 percent of the population have indicated agreement to donate.
The clinical reputation of these transplantation services has led to heightened demand and referral of patients from many countries. In situations of shortage, Cuban patients receive priority for available organs. Although transplants are provided free to Cuban patients and to selected patients from outside Cuba, fees are charged to foreigners or to their public or private insurance programs when feasible. These fees help offset costs of equipment and supplies such as immunosuppressive agents, especially cyclosporin, which are difficult to obtain because of the U.S. economic embargo. The Cuban bone marrow transplantation and hematology-oncology facilities have provided extensive humanitarian services, for instance to more than 4,000 children from the former Soviet Union who developed leukemia after the Chernobyl nuclear accident.2, p 167
Other Cuban surgical procedures also have received wide attention.2, pp 186-195 For instance, a surgical approach for the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa has attracted patients whom we interviewed from Europe, North America, and other Latin American countries. This technique has received international recognition, including the establishment of a foundation based in Argentina to provide funding for indigent patients. Similar advances and recognition have occurred in neurosurgery for the treatment of degenerative brain diseases and in orthopedic reconstructive surgery.
Controversy regarding high-technology programs. High-technology medicine in Cuba continues to generate controversy. As in the training of large numbers of physicians, the Cuban government's investment in expensive diagnostic and treatment procedures suggests that fewer economic resources become available for other needs within the society. Cuban health-care leaders respond that such expenditures involve mainly up-front, planned investment in human resource development and equipment. Investments in biotechnology also enhance exports and foreign exchange.
The symbolic impact of these programs also figures prominently in policy decisions. From soon after the revolution, technologies equal to that of economically developed countries were made available, in addition to the extensive primary care and preventive services. Further, Cuba provided these technologies on a selected basis to people from other Third World countries and to assist those countries in the development of their own technologic capacities. This investment has led to increased legitimacy for the Cuban government, both inside and outside Cuba.2 pp 156-95
AIDS. AIDS policy in Cuba has evolved in unique and sometimes controversial directions. These policies have depended on close epidemiologic surveillance. In the most controversial of Cuba's policies, HIV-positive patients previously were temporarily separated from the general community during an educational and evaluational process in one of several national sanitariums.
Historically, the sanitarium policy originated in the mid-1980s, when several military officers returning from Africa were found to be infected with HIV. Although these officers were viewed as war heroes in Cuba, public health officials feared a rapidly increasing epidemic as other Cubans returned from Africa. Partly due to a long tradition of treating patients with communicable infections in comfortable sanitariums, the government initially supervised the construction of an inpatient facility for HIV and AIDS patients near Havana. Because patients who tested positive for HIV were required to live there, the compulsory aspect of the policy received criticism from outside Cuba,, as well as praise for its apparent success in controlling the epidemic and its humane approach to patient care.,, Homophobia, by our observations, did not influence HIV policies; for instance, one of the most widely known and highly respected Cuban advocates for HIV patients is the openly gay and HIV-positive family physician, Doctor Juan Carlos de la Concepción.
As the epidemic was brought under control and as more was learned about transmission, the compulsory components of Cuba's HIV policies were eased. Residence at the HIV sanitariums has become voluntary for all except those who demonstrably have placed others at high risk through their conduct and those unable to care for themselves. Although sanitariums provide services in 13 of Cuba's 14 provinces, the proportion of HIV-positive patients entering these facilities has declined, as more people have opted for outpatient treatment. A large majority of newly diagnosed patients, estimated at 70-80 percent, currently choose ambulatory treatment and do not enter a sanitarium. The patients whom we interviewed at the national sanitarium near Havana all expressed a preference to remain living there, because they were able to maintain their family and work relationships while staying in close contact with the health professionals whom they trusted. These interviews showed a probable change in attitudes among HIV patients since 1993, when another U.S. group studying AIDS in Cuba found more evidence of frustration with the restrictions imposed by prior sanitarium policies.58
Screening for HIV has occurred at a much higher rate than in other countries at comparable levels of economic development. In a population of somewhat more than 11 million, approximately 2 million tests are performed annually. Since 1987 mandatory testing has been done for specified groups: patients diagnosed with other sexually transmitted diseases and their partners, patients admitted to hospitals or undergoing outpatient surgery, pregnant women during the first trimester and at delivery, prisoners, public health employees, Cubans traveling abroad, workers in the tourism industry, and merchant sailors.58 In addition, as patients obtain primary care services from family physicians, they receive encouragement to undergo voluntary testing.
Overall, Cuba's AIDS policies have achieved successful results, in comparison to both economically developed countries and other countries in the Third World. Until early 1996, the number of HIV positive patients was 1,199; 429 cases of AIDS had been diagnosed, with 287 deaths (Cuban Ministry of Public Health data, 1996). Although the Ministry of Public Health acknowledges that some HIV-positive patients remain undiagnosed and has developed estimates of their numbers, the very extensive mandatory and voluntary screening programs indicate that the problem of underreporting is less severe than in other countries.
The technical level of AIDS services in Cuba equals or surpasses that in other countries. From our observations, Cuban physicians have succeeded in implementing all diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for HIV disease that currently are used in the United States. CD4 counts are monitored closely for all HIV-positive patients. Medications for treating the infectious and neoplastic complications of AIDS are usually available, despite difficulties due to the U.S. embargo. The newest generations of antiviral agents enter clinical practice rapidly in Cuba, including recently the protease inhibitors. Additionally, care plans encourage the use of immunologically active materials that are readily available from Cuban producers. For instance, interferon alfa has been offered since the mid-1980s as a routine part of prophylaxis along with other immunizations. The leaders of Cuba's HIV program attribute the relatively low death rate among HIV patients partly to these additional features of AIDS prophylaxis. More systematic evaluation of these immunologically active medications in HIV care comprises a focus of current Cuban research.
We were struck by two paradoxes of HIV policies. First, as also noted by other observers,5 condoms are relatively unavailable and are among the products solicited as donations from economically developed countries. Officials point to a cultural reluctance to use condoms, as well as the economic investment required to produce them in Cuba. On the other hand, public health educational campaigns emphasize the importance of condoms in preventing AIDS. In view of the major investments in high technology, the scarcity of this low-technology product is surprising.
Secondly, while a full discussion is beyond the scope of this article, the phenomenon of jineterismo deserves mention. Although prostitution drastically decreased after the revolution, it reportedly has reappeared recently in association with recent policies encouraging tourism to attract foreign capital. Actually, jineterismo - the sexually oriented activity that has increased, especially in tourist areas of Havana - differs fundamentally from traditional prostitution (prostitución), and the person who practices jineterismo, referred to as a jinetera if female or jinetero if male, differs markedly from the traditional prostitute (prostituta, or puta). The commonly understood connotation of jinetera in Cuba is related to the word jinete, which refers to an equestrian or a jockey in horse racing. The jinetera/o therefore takes on the symbolic connotation of a person in control over the person who chooses to accompany the jinetera/o.
Because jineterismo is impossible to miss in Havana, we tried to understand its meaning and health implications by talking informally and in a very preliminary way with several jinateras/os and also with public health officials. It appears that most people who practice jineterismo work full time in other occupations or as students; sex work does not appear to be a major source of livelihood. For instance, one interviewee worked as a pharmacist and another as a law student. Jineteras/os receive all public services including health care, education, and housing assistance. The sexual dimension varies. While some jineteras/os exchange sex directly for dollars, many instead negotiate a social experience that includes dancing, eating, and drinking at one of the relatively expensive restaurants or bars that require dollars in payment. In these situations, the goals of jineteras/os apparently include entertainment and the opportunity to meet foreigners, rather than narrow economic goals. Jineteras/os are not permitted to enter tourist hotel rooms. In other public areas where jineterismo is practiced, police officers intermittently can be seen observing these activities, which appear neither illegal nor warranting specific sanctions.
Regarding HIV policy, jineterismo raises several issues. Jineteras/os appear knowledgeable about HIV. Ministry of Public Health officials point to programs that target education and voluntary screening of jineteras/os. These officials argue against repressive governmental intervention to deal with jineterismo. In view of Cuba's technical success so far in preventing the spread of HIV, the paradoxes of jineterismo warrant fuller attention.
Several features of Cuban medicine deserve further study and evaluation. Such innovations as family medicine residency training for all physicians, the government's investment in high-technology diagnostic and treatment procedures, epidemiologic surveillance, green medicine, and HIV policies all merit collaborative research, although restrictions on travel, publications, and phone and electronic communication make this work cumbersome.
Aside from the U.S. embargo's deleterious effects in Cuba, we became more aware of its adverse impacts for medicine in the United States. These negative effects derive in part from a lack of information, since Cuban publications often do not reach the United States and since Cuban professionals face difficulties in submitting articles to U.S. journals or making presentations at professional meetings. Innovative Cuban medications, vaccines, surgical procedures, equipment, and computer software also cannot enter the United States.
The embargo apparently may exert some ironic, positive effects in Cuba. Difficulties in obtaining petroleum products have motivated the importation of more than a million bicycles, which have markedly reduced traffic congestion and pollution and are probably improving the overall physical conditioning of the Cuban population. Similarly, the scarcity of red meat, according to Ministry of Public Health officials, has led to comparatively low rates of hyperlipidemia. Because of difficulty in importing third generation cephalosporins and quinolone antibiotics, Cuban hospitals have required the use of narrower spectrum agents; some Cuban physicians are researching the possibility that these measures may lead to lower rates of nosocomial infections.
From our observations, the embargo inhibits a detached, scientific appraisal of Cuba's accomplishments. The adverse impact of U.S. policies on the free flow of information becomes especially ironic, in light of U.S. values supporting such freedoms. The United States has regularized diplomatic, trade, and travel relationships with other socialist countries such as China and Vietnam, as well as many dictatorial regimes. These considerations, together with the end of the Cold War, warrant a serious rethinking of U.S. foreign policy toward Cuba. Otherwise, U.S. medicine will continue to miss opportunities for scientific and clinical exchange, which would benefit physicians and patients alike.
This work was supported in part by grants PE19154 from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and TW01982 from the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policies of the American Public Health Association, the funding agencies, or the institutions of affiliation. We are indebted to Kirsten Shelstad at the University of New Mexico for her outstanding bibliographic assistance.
Cuba Solidarity Homepage
Project USA/Cuba InfoMed


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Posts Tagged 'intros'
Archos intros 8-inch Helium 4G tablet, octa-core Oxygen smartphone ahead of MWC
Even though Mobile World Congress 2014 doesn't officially kick off until February 24th, Archos has gone ahead and revealed some products it will be bringing to the event. For starters, there's the 80 Helium 4G, an 8-inch, £230 tablet that packs a…
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Microsoft intros monthly storage plans for OneDrive, Android app now does automatic camera backups
Nope, not SkyDrive — OneDrive. In case you haven't heard, Microsoft's cloud storage service is going by a new name, and it's finally going into effect today; you should see in the upper-left corner the next time you log in. But that's not all that's…
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Panasonic intros CF-MX3 convertible laptop with Yoga-like design, built-in DVD drive
The category of laptop/tablet hybrids is one of the favorites among Windows PC manufacturers, including the Japan-based Panasonic. Accordingly, the Toughbook maker hosted a conference in the Land of the Rising Sun recently, where it took the time to …
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Netflix intros cheaper standard definition streaming plan for new subscribers
If you consider yourself both extremely frugal and averse to the luxuries of seeing Hollywood eye candy actors in Super HD, Netflix's new SD tier could be right up your alley. The streaming service has begun offering a low-end plan for new …
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Twitter intros Android Alpha program, lets members test new features even sooner
Back in August, Twitter launched a beta tester program for Android app users, enabling access to early features before they hit the official application. Now the social site is taking public testing a bit further with a new Alpha experiment program. According to TechCrunch, the Android team …
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Amazon intros Kindle First for those who can't wait a month for the new Gloria Gaynor book
Waiting another month for that new inspirational Gloria Gaynor book? You'll survive, most likely — but just in case, Amazon's debuting a new program called Kindle First. Customers can get early access to new titles for $ 1.99 – or for free, if they're a member of the exclusive club that is Amazon …
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HP intros eight business laptops, including two Ultrabooks; prices at $499
It was just two weeks ago that HP spat out a bunch of new consumer laptops ahead of the holiday shopping season. Now that those products are official, HP is shifting its attention to business customers: the company just unveiled five corporate-friendly notebooks, two of which qualify as Ultrabooks. Starting with the outfit's higher-end EliteBook line, we've got three models: the 12-inch 820, the 14-inch 840 and the 15-inch 850. Like previous generations of EliteBooks, they meet the military's MIL-SPEC-810G standards for ruggedness, but this time, they're 40 percent thinner and 28 percent lighter. Across the board, you're looking at magnesium lids, which have been painted with four coats of paint to minimize scratches; the keyboard deck, meanwhile, is made of aluminum. Speaking of the keyboard area, all three models sport backlit keys, with a special finish applied to the buttons to help keep them fresh over the three-year warranty period.
Interestingly, battery life is the same on all units (up to 12 hours), though the 14-incher, specifically, can be paired with an optional slice battery for a total of 33 hours of juice. On the inside, all of them run Haswell processors, as you'd imagine, though only the 840 and 850 meet Intel's Ultrabook specification. Once it comes time for your IT guy to configure this, he can get any of the three machines with an optional touchscreen, along with an LTE radio and either an SSD, HDD or hybrid hard drive. As for IT support, these are vPro CPUs, as you'd expect, and there's also TPM on board for added security. Additionally, as on previous models, the entire back shell is removable with a single latch, making it easy to swap out components. Finally, HP included an all-important Ethernet jack, complete with a drop-down jaw, along with a SmartCard reader, docking connector and legacy VGA port. All are available today with pricing as follows: the 12-inch 820 starts at $ 859, the 840 goes from $ 799 ($ 949 with a touchscreen), and the 850 costs $ 939.
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Alcatel intros four One Touch Pop C-series smartphones, keeps them cheap
Not everyone needs a giant, higher-end smartphone like the One Touch Hero — many can get by with just the basics. For those users, Alcatel has unveiled four One Touch Pop models with smaller screens and entry-level performance. The Android 4.2-based range begins with the Pop C1, a starter phone with a 3.5-inch screen, a dual-core 1GHz processor and sprightly color options like neon green and pink. Need more? The Pop C3 jumps to a 4-inch screen and a dual-core 1.3GHz chip; the Pop C5 steps up to a 4.5-inch screen, and the Pop C7 carries both a 5-inch display as well as a quad-core 1.3GHz processor. If you're interested, you can pick up the C1 or C3 as soon as October. The C5 ships in November, while the C7 arrives sometime during the last quarter of the year. %Gallery-slideshow79376%
Filed under: Cellphones, Mobile
Source: Alcatel
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Mailbox intros expanded search, signature and Chrome browser option
It might not be the desktop app you've been waiting for, but this newest Mailbox is still pretty notable for its new mobile features. Perhaps the most important addition is the ability to search for emails not saved locally on your iPhone or iPad. It's far from perfect — we're unable to dig for old conversations dating more than a few months back — but it's better than not having it at all. Once you've updated the app, you'll also notice new sections in the Settings page, including a signature box for each linked account and the ability to change the default browser from Safari to Chrome. There's also an option to link your account to Dropbox, which acquired Mailbox in March, in exchange for 1GB of free space on the cloud service. Unfortunately, there's no news on the Android app or the reported integration with other email services — but we'll keep a weather eye on the horizon.
Source: Mailbox
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Bing intros robust product results for snappier impulse shopping
If you can't even remember when you've last used Bing, you'll find a deluge of new features next time you visit. The latest among these perks is a more elaborate result page for product searches, making the engine a potentially dark and dangerous place for chronic spenders. When you look up a product term such as "DSLR cameras" or "smartphones," you'll now see a list of the most popular models in that category. That's not the deepest end of the rabbit hole, however, as searching for a particular model rewards you with a summary of its specs, links to reviews and a list of alternative items. Microsoft will also equip the page's ads with product images in case none of the things in those lists wins you — or your credit card — over. Unfortunately, you'll need to rein in the call of your inner shopaholic for now — the update's not yet available for everyone, but outgoing CEO Ballmer and Co. will roll it out in the coming months.
Filed under: Internet, Microsoft
Via: The Next Web
Source: Bing


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Jamieson, Point reach out to Native youth
For Rochester Knighthawks Cody Jamieson and Craig Point, lacrosse is a way of life. As professional lacrosse players, they eat, sleep and breathe the sport, and train endlessly to improve. But for the two Mohawks from Six Nations, lacrosse isnt just a game; it is deeply-seated in their backgrounds. In an effort to help not only grow the game of lacrosse among First Nations youth, but to help re-engage First Nations children with the culture of their people, both Jamieson and Point handed out free lacrosse sticks to kids at the Hamilton Regional Indian Centre in Hamilton, Ontario on Tuesday. A dozen sticks, donated by Team 22 and Under Armour, were given to children ages 5 to 13 as part of the Walk With Us programs first lacrosse stick giveaway.
I always had the stick in my hand growing up, it was a part of me, there was a bond," Jamieson told the Hamilton Spectator. "I learned that anything I wanted to do, I could do."
We wanted to give them a lacrosse stick and show them what the game is all about, how fast it is and how active you can be, Point told the Two Row Times.
Walk With Us was launched by Arrow Express Sports, the Six Nations company that owns and operates the Knighthawks, with the goal of putting a stick in the hands of every First Nations child in Canada.
According to Nick Rothwell, who organized the event, the program isnt simply aimed at turning these children into better lacrosse players, but for them to learn more about the rich history and tradition of their ancestors, and to feel pride in their background, whether its through lacrosse or other First Nations culture.
The programs website states, Walk With Us is a multi-platform social project designed to re-ignite lacrosse in the psyche of First Nations children, primarily between the ages of four to 18. By getting children involved with lacrosse, Walk with Us will help to promote First Nations cultural identity in language, music, art and history, thus instilling them with a sense of pride and belonging.
In addition to handing out the sticks, Jamieson and Point talked to the children about the history of The Creators Game. The sport was a gift from The Creator, and it is a medicine game that provides the powers of healing. The game was first played by indigenous people in upstate New York and the provinces of Ontario and Quebec.
"We were the first people to play it; The Creator gave it to us. We play it to make Him happy, Jamieson told the Hamilton Spectator.
After receiving a free clinic from the two back-to-back National Lacrosse League champions, the children went home with a smile on their face, and a stick in their hands. For some, the stick they received is the first theyve owned. And now they have two idols they can aspire to play like.
In the first week of December, Walk With Us once again hand out free lacrosse sticks to children, this time at the Iroquois Lacrosse Arena in Hagersville, Ontario. In 2014, the program hopes to expand across the entire country and hand out sticks to as many children as possible.


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MLB 14: The Show and NBA 2K14 bundled on PS3, offers $10 savings
by Steve Watts, shacknews.com, Mar 17, 2014 1:30PM PDT
Sony and 2K have struck a deal to bundle MLB 14: The Show with NBA 2K14 on PS3. It will cost $90 and launch alongside The Show on April 1. Read more
NBA 2K14 debuts 'Real Voice' interviews
by Steve Watts, shacknews.com, Nov 11, 2013 11:30AM PST
NBA 2K14 will sport a "Real Voice" feature, taking clips from actual NBA interviews and using them for the in-game halftime and post-game interviews. Read more
MyNBA2K14 app lets you earn in-game currency
by Andrew Yoon, shacknews.com, Nov 8, 2013 10:00AM PST
As is all the rage these days, NBA 2K14 has a companion app. Through it, you'll be able to earn Virtual Currency (VC) for use in the console... Read more
NBA 2K14 video explains 'pro stick controls'
by Ozzie Mejia, shacknews.com, Sep 27, 2013 4:00PM PDT
NBA 2K14 is using the right thumbstick, already used for shooting, and tying it to passing, as well. Check out some of the fancier passes in this developer diary. Read more
NBA 2K14 features LeBron James 'Path to Greatness' mode on PS3 and 360
by Steve Watts, shacknews.com, Sep 13, 2013 10:00AM PDT
The PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 version of NBA 2K14 will feature a "Path to Greatness" mode, which has you pick a career arc for LeBron James in his pursuit of five more NBA titles to surpass Jordan. Read more


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Pharmaceutical Giant
Acquia Cloud and Acquia Cloud Site Factory provide flexible, faster solution for delivering hundreds of digital experiences
Recently, a giant in the pharmaceutical industry found that the number of its digital properties had exploded. Most sites were custom developed to support individual brands or markets, and very few shared a common platform. The firm's IT department, convinced there had to be a better way, began a search for a platform. After careful evaluation of all available solutions, the pharmaceutical company sought to standardize on Drupal for all its commercial sites.
Quality, security, and scalability were key considerations in the selection of Drupal, as were speed to market and lower cost. In the end, two finalists were evaluated with critical use cases. Drupal, with the benefits brought by Acquia, won.
What the company found, both from its extensive evaluation and previous experience, was that open source solutions, and Drupal in particular, were far more efficient and effective than proprietary solutions. A proprietary solution might offer a very large feature set, but in almost all cases, it would require extensive customization to fit a particular use case, adding time and expense to the development cycle. Even when implemented, the solution would not scale past a dozen implementations before budget ran out.
Drupal, on the other hand, provided Drupal core, a lightweight basic site structure, which the company used unaltered on every site. The company's IT department developed a company distribution—a group of additional modules along with configurations, which added functionality required across all sites. Then custom and contributed modules rounded out the needs of each individual site.
Coupled with Acquia, Drupal offered even more. Continuous integration is the gold standard of coding best practices, and Acquia Cloud, a PaaS (platform as a service) offering, is built around these principles. Having a continuous integration environment was crucial for the company.
For a heavily regulated industry, content deployment becomes a big issue. The company needed a solution to deploy content only after extensive scrutiny, to guarantee it always met all regulatory requirements before going live on a production site. Using Jenkins, the open source continuous integration tool, integrated with Acquia Cloud, the company was able to devise a deployment strategy that fully met these needs.
Deploying hundreds of Drupal sites required an influx of Drupal talent. Acquia employees are some of the top experts in the field. As consultants, they became so integrated into the company's workflow that the company viewed them as part of their internal team. For example, Acquia staff evaluate vendor plans to assure large projects follow Drupal best practices, saving the company time and money and avoiding problems down the road. Acquia also referred the company to other sources of Drupal talent.
This company's projects range in size from complex, multi-lingual applications to simple one- page sites promoting an event. Many of the sites do not need the almost unlimited flexibility provided by Drupal with PaaS on Acquia Cloud. For these sites, the company turned to Acquia Cloud Site Factory, a SaaS (software as a service) solution.
When developing hundreds of sites, certain patterns became clear. The company created a template on Acquia Cloud Site Factory that included the standard modules they deploy to every site then added as many other features as possible from this pattern. Even security testing for the smaller sites happened in the Acquia Cloud Site Factory SaaS template. Time to market and costs decreased dramatically for these sites.
Scaling sites became almost effortless. As anyone with experience in managing web properties can tell you, websites are not static; they are living, dynamic entities. A small Acquia Cloud Site Factory site, which might not have been deployed with the company's old model, might grow and take on a life of its own. When it outgrew the SaaS platform, it could be exported easily and graduate to the more flexible PaaS platform to better handle its development.
Drupal combined with Acquia's PaaS and SaaS services provided the only technology that could handle all the company's sites, from the smallest to the largest. This was perhaps the most critical factor in the success of the project. The company could develop functionality once and use it on any site, no matter the size, and easily support the needs of all sites, no matter how they changed.
After 18 months with Drupal, the choice has delivered on its promise. By using Drupal, the company is bringing digital experiences to market 30 percent faster and realizing a 60 percent cost savings. The company has all the quality, security, capability and scalability they need. In some cases, sites that would have taken months to launch can be delivered with full approval in days. With hundreds of sites launched in hundreds of days, the platform is working very well.
As successful as Drupal 7 has been for the company, they excitedly await the Drupal 8 release. This new version of Drupal offers even more quality, security, and flexibility. With Drupal 8 will come the ultimate in platform excellence, and the investment for migrating the modules needed is nowhere near the cost of switching to another technology. The company is determined to lead the way in moving Drupal 8 forward.
The pharmaceutical giant recognizes the benefits of contributing back to the Drupal open source community. One initiative in which the company's Drupal experts have engaged is Large Scale Drupal (www.largescaledrupal.com), a program run by Acquia. Large Scale Drupal provides a forum for collaboration between the largest organizations using Drupal, where they can work together to develop solutions to common problems through the community process. This group helps to optimize the business model of open source, in which a company invests in code contributed to the community, then reaps many times the original investment in community contributions developing the code further. With the promise of Drupal 8 and Large Scale Drupal, the company expects to be building with Drupal for years to come.
- Drupal 7
- Acquia Cloud
- Large Scale Drupal
- Acquia Cloud Site Factory
By the Numbers...
- 30% decreased time to market
- 60% cost savings
Commencez gratuitement avec Acquia
Nous offrons beaucoup d'outils et de services pour vous aider à réussir avec Drupal, pour en savoir plus et commencer gratuitement.


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|| Email | Full Article (TrendHunter.com/id/145541)
These nifty notepads encourage you to always be prepared for when something needs to be written down. You never know when an idea or inspiration may present itself and there's nothing worse (there are probably a lot of things worse) than discovering you have no way of preserving that gem until it can be polished. It's hard to always remember to keep a notebook or memo pad with you at all times, especially with all the other accessories you need to worry about—wallet, keys, jewelry, glasses; however, these intriguing adaptations of the office staple make it fun and easy to carry around a fashion-savvy preserver of thoughts.
Whether you're looking for something practical like a memo pad for your shower, or a stylish, Sci-Fi themed notebook, you're bound to find something that appeals to the uniqueness of your personality and your need to jot down to-do lists, ideas and of course, that special number you worked so hard to get.


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Rock N' Roll Diary: December 18
Carter Alan / WZLX.com December 18, 2012 12:01 AM
Carter Alan
Listen weekdays from 10am-2pm on 100.7 WZLX.Read More
Happy birthday to Keith Richards! The Rolling Stones guitarist inducted what blues piano player into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame?
Answer: Johnnie Johnson
Here's the rest of today's Rock N' Roll Diary!
- Happy birthday to: Keith Richards of The Rolling Stones and Elliot Easton of The Cars. It's also the birth date of the late Bryan "Chas" Chandler of The Animals, who was also famous as the man who discovered and managed Jimi Hendrix.
- 1975: The Faces disband when Rod Stewart announces at a press conference that he is preparing to leave the group.
- 1981: Sting of The Police rams his hand through a window during the filming of his movie Brimstone and Treacle.
- 1983: Birthday boy Keith Richards marries his longtime girlfriend, Patti Hansen, with Mick Jagger as best man.
- 2002: Ozzy Osbourne is included in Barbara Walters' list of the top ten most fascinating people of 2002. He comes in at No.7.
- 2004: Alice Cooper hosts his annual Christmas pudding charity concert in Phoenix. Ted Nugent, as well as Rick Neilson and Robin Zander from Cheap Trick are amongst the performers who participate.
From the WZLX ticket stash…Van Morrison was at Symphony Hall in 1970 with the J. Geils Blues Band.


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Pacifica Scholarship Programs
Pacifica is pleased to provide the following institutional scholarship opportunities.
NEWLY ADMITTED STUDENTS - Click here for the application and details on the following 2014-2015 Pacifica Scholarship and Education Assistance Programs:
- - Education Assistance Program
- - Founders Scholarship
- - Herman Warsh Scholarship
- - Joseph Campbell Scholarship
- - Marion Woodman Scholarship
- - Global Innovators Scholarship (newly announced for 2014-2015)
RETURNING STUDENTS - Click here to apply for the annual 2014-2015 Pacifica Education Assistance Program.
The CLE Program Matching Grant Scholarship - Click here for additional information.
The Segal AmeriCorps Matching Scholarship program for AmeriCorps Alumni - Click here for additional information
The matching Yellow Ribbon Scholarship program for qualifying Post 9/11 GI Bill veterans - Click herefor additional information


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Map and Directions
First United Methodist Church is located at 18120 Saticoy Street, Reseda, CA in the county of Los Angeles.
The #101, #405, and #118 freeways are in close proximity to our church and the campus of the California State University, Northridge is less than a 10 minute drive away. Our church's parking lot can be accessed along Lindley Avenue.


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Do you as a born again believer compare the late South African leader, Nelson Mandela to Jesus Christ?
If so, a British journalist says to stop doing it. Do you recall us forewarning you from doing the same with Dr. Martin Luther King's memory in one of our previous articles? As we've told you…Read full article, here.
Source: Sanctified Church Revolution
Photo: ReligionNews.com


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Hamilton offers a validated application compliant to the CE-IVD standard that performs sample preparation for PCR pools, including sample transfer into pool tubes and the resolution of the pool in case of a positive pool. The system accommodates most of the commonly used sample tubes and deep well archive plates.
Standard Solutions
Compact solution for automated ELISA processing: ELISA STAR
Compact solution for automated ELISA processing: ELISA STAR
Sample recognition, card punching and downstream processing: easyPunch system
Primary sample handling (PSH) as a preparation for nucleic acid isolation on the Roche MagNA Pure 96: MagNA STARlet
RNA Isolation
PCR Clean-up
RNA Isolation
PCR Clean-up
Oligo-nucleotide Pipetting


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Washington, DC—Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. served on the United States Supreme Court from 1902 until 1932. Still today he's probably the most quoted jurist to ever walk the face of the earth. In 1921 Justice Holmes weighed in on the concept of Stand Your Ground:
"The law has grown, and even if historical mistakes have contributed to its growth, it has tended in the direction of rules consistent with human nature. Many respectable writers agree that, if a man reasonably believes that he is in immediate danger of death or grievous bodily harm from his assailant, he may stand his ground, and that, if he kills him, he has not exceeded the bounds of lawful self-defense. That has been the decision of this Court. Beard v. United States, 158 U. S. 550, 158 U. S. 559. Detached reflection cannot be demanded in the presence of an uplifted knife. Therefore, in this Court at least, it is not a condition of immunity that one in that situation should pause to consider whether a reasonable man might not think it possible to fly with safety or to disable his assailant, rather than to kill him. Rowe v. United States, 164 U. S. 546, 164 U. S. 558.
Moreover, if the last shot was intentional and may seem to have been unnecessary when considered in cold blood, the defendant would not necessarily lose his immunity if it followed close upon the others while the heat of the conflict was on, and if the defendant believed that he was fighting for his life."
Brown v. United States, 256 U.S. 335 (1921) (opinion by Justice Holmes).
Our incredibly ignorant politicians can't stop trying to tinker with God's law of survival by punishing those that understandably value their own lives more than that of a criminal attacker.
Many African-American politicians now want to outlaw strong self-defense laws and the so-called Stand Your Ground laws. What they don't get is African-Americans far outnumber other groups for being assaulted and murdered by their own kind. They need these protections more than anyone!


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United Arab Emirates
We welcome you to Emirates4x4 JeepClub, we pride ourselves in being a family oriented, Jeep only club. Jeep® more than any other brand, represents more than just a product. It represents a history, has become a generic term for all products in its sector, and portrays a way of life. Jeep is synonymous with off-road prowess, individualism, and adventure. Emirates4x4 exists to provide the means to live that brand. By providing support and encouragement at every step, your journey toward membership of the Middle East fastest-growing Jeep community will form a natural extension of Jeep ownership.
The Emirates4x4 Concept started life as a way of enjoying Jeep ownership without hassle or complication. With technical advice, training and instruction available from Emirates4x4 and others in the community, you'll benefit from a backup service that compliments perfectly your relationship with your local franchised dealership. The Emirates4x4 JeepClub is aimed squarely at the beginner - the 'newbie'. We cater specifically for the needs of those new to Jeep ownership by giving professional advice, tuition and support. We don't get involved in hardcore off-roading activities and our expertise centers around late-model Jeep vehicles - Wrangler, Cherokee, Grand Cherokee and Liberty.
We promote a safe and responsible attitude to off-road driving and exert no pressure on our members to tackle obstacles they do not feel comfortable with. Help and advice is available at every step and the key to the concept is the informal atmosphere. We also arrange social events, proving that Emirates4x4 Jeep Club isn't just about the vehicles, it's about the people as well. Indeed, our club is a community in its own right.
Emirates4x4 JeepClub Membership is open to any UAE-resident Jeep owner and it's totally free of any charges. Emirates4x4 JeepClub maintains its commitment to ensuring that our free membership package remains competitive and offer you the real value-ad to your Jeep brand. Because of this, these membership benefits are constantly under review and we are continually looking for new ways to improve your Emirates4x4 Jeep Club experience.


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Nasreen Munni Kabir
7 Nasreen Munni Kabir Articles
Satyajit Ray wanted to make Guide!9 months ago 0
A lesser known fact has finally come out in the open Satyajit Ray had first thought of adapting R K Narayan's Guide into a film with Waheeda Rehman… Read Article ▶
Waheeda Rehman mourns friend Nanda's death, cancels book launch event9 months ago 0
It's hard to find real friends in Bollywood, but there are exceptions sometimes... That Waheeda Rehman and the Late actor Nanda shared a warm… Read Article ▶
Yogen Shah
Nasreen Kabir's book on Waheeda Rehman to be available soon!9 months ago 0
Author Nasreen Munni Kabir has penned Conversations with Waheeda Rehman, which provides a rare view of the National Award-winning veteran actor's… Read Article ▶
BOOK REVIEW: 'Bollywood's Top 20 Superstars Of Indian Cinema' – Not a compelling read3 years ago 16
Bhaichand Patel's compilation of essays about the best of B-town will definitely irk Salman Khan's fans endlessly (he is not included in the book)… Read Article ▶
Shahrukh Khan calls himself an idiot over 'Devdas'!3 years ago 24
We agree with him (though for a different reason). Hey, who are we to argue with the Badshah? Trust Shahrukh Khan to dig up an old topic and make it… Read Article ▶
AR Rahman to produce films?3 years ago 1
The Oscar-winning composer is starting a film company The latest buzz doing the rounds in the south is that Oscar Award-winning music maestro AR… Read Article ▶
The celestial status of our stars3 years ago 2
At the IIFA awards in Toronto, I saw again how crazy we are about our film stars. Is it this madness that keeps Bollywood from being flattened by… Read Article ▶
More Nasreen Munni Kabir


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EDUCAUSE, the association devoted to the use of information technology in higher education, has received three awards for the print version of its flagship magazine, EDUCAUSE Review. The awards, in three international competitions, continue a tradition of honors and recognition granted to the publication. Past publishing honors received by the magazine include previous Magnum Opus, APEX, and Tabbie awards, as well as honors from the Ozzie Awards (FOLIO: magazine), the Art Directors Club of Metropolitan Washington, D.C., the PRINT Regional Design Annual, and the Colorado Society for Association Executives.
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JET 708457DXK Deluxe Jointer with QS Knives
Product Description
Deluxe Jointer with QS Knives
If you are looking for a Jointer that squares your wood, every time; look no further. The JET 6-in Long Bed Jointer offers one of the longest working surfaces in its' class. With the addition of an exclusive auto-set quick change knife system you can replace or change all three blades in a fraction of the time other machines take. Make the JET 6-in Long Bed Jointer the next high performance machine for your shop.
- Three high-speed steel quick change knives provide rapid cutting, a superior finish and eliminates the need for a knife setting gauge
- Extra-long heavy-duty cast iron infeed and outfeed tables with precision machined finish
- Built-in rabbeting ledge adds versatility
- Two-way tilting fence with positive stops at 45° and 90° to handle bevel operations
- Exclusive front-mounted table adjustment handwheels make quick, easy and accurate corrections
- Industrial push-button controls are conveniently placed for easy access
- Built-in dust chute with 4-in port connects to your collection system for efficient dust/chip disposal
- Center fence controls are conveniently mounted to allow quick adjustments
- Powerful 1HP motor easily handles the toughest jointing tasks
- Heavy-duty, one-piece steel closed stand includes mounting tabs for increased stability
- Model Number: JJ-6CSDX
- Cutting Capacity: 6-1/2-in W x 1/2-in D
- Cutterhead Speed: 6000 RPM
- Number of Knives (Helical/Standard): 3
- Standard Knife Size: 6-1/6-in L x 3/4-in W x 5/64-in T
- Rabbeting Capacity: 1/2-in
- Rabbeting Ledge: 3-1/8-in x 8-3/4-in
- Table Height: 31-1/4-in
- Table Size: 56-in L x 7-3/8-in W
- Fence Size: 32-3/4-in L x 3-7/8-in H
- Fence Tilts: 45° left, 45° right
- Fence Positive Stops: 45° and 90° left, 90° right
- Dust Port Outside Diameter: 4-in
- Dust Collection Minimum CFM Required: 350
- Motor Power: 1 HP
- Motor Phase: 1 Ph
- Motor Voltage: 115 / 230 V
- Prewired Voltage: 115 V
- Motor Current: 13 / 6.5 A
We offer both hand held and stationary units. Stationary units can produce better results on larger pieces of material and when there is a large volume of material to plane. Hand held units offer the convenience of portability and offer a low cost alternative for the occasional project.
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State bound Jets grew up together
Senior leaders of the Adams Central Jets softball team couldn't be more at ease as they prepare for their second straight state finals appearance in Class 2A in Indianapolis on Saturday.
After all, they have grown up playing the game since their days traveling as all-stars from the Monroe Softball League. One thing unique about this year's squad, said senior Mary Fox, is that the team is without drama or hard feelings. That lack of friction, said Fox, has enabled the girls to play in a much more relaxed manner, even when they have been in challenging situations.
"We've had no drama this year; we've really had a lot of fun," Fox said. "We're an eating team. We h...
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Tasmania Zoo Tour
Tasmania Zoo is the only fully accredited Zoo in Tasmania and has the largest collection of animals to view including the world's largest, private devil breeding program.
Come and discover Tasmania Zoo and have an unforgettable time. You will come face to face with the famous Tasmanian Devil at the devil feeding and interpretation times followed by an amazing opportunity to pet our baby devils. (Don't forget to bring your camera)
Feeding times are at 10.30am, 1.00pm and 3.30pm. Further you can enjoy handfeeding the wallaby's wombats, kangaroos, the domestic animals like sheep, cattle, goats, alpacas and miniature ponies.
See also over 80 species of birds from fairy penguins, swift parrots, macaw to wedged tailed eagles etc.


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A California man credits a quick-thinking highway patrol officer for saving his life.
Mike Teselle explains how the patrolman put himself in danger and used his cruiser to protect the man who was oblivious to oncoming danger.
As I hear the collision, I start running.
Running for his life…darrell van natta said this video…these still pictures…are snapshots of an experience so harrowing, the chp officer involved:
He looked me in the eye and said you are really lucky to be here right now.
Tuesday morning…as the officer of this chp car performed a traffic break….Van Natta began to walk out on interstate 80 to grab debris that had fallen between two lanes of traffic.
Van Natta: It was a large bag of lawn clippings.
All the sudden van natta heard a sound so loud he described it with a single word.
Van Natta: Unbelieveable.
That sound was the officer, using his patrol car to absorb impact of the approaching car–that was 65 miles per hours–and showed no evidence of braking–less than 1/2- a football field from where Van Natta was standing.
The force of the collision so great the other drivers car crashed into Van Natta's truck *after slamming this chp cruiser
Van Natta: When the collision happened he was probably closer than that truck to me. And you have to realize, he didn't just sit there and take the hit he accelerated his vehicle to try to absorb some of the hit.
As this patrol car was slammed foward…listen… to just how close it came to barreling into van natta as he tried to run away.
Van Natta: As I'm running I feel the officers car hitting my heels.
I've got live traffic here and my truck here so i have no where to go but forward.
So as I got to the front of my truck i dive over in front of my truck.
As soon as Van Natta caught his breath he realized the officer, Steve jJohnson seen here, is bloodied and dazed…
His bell was definitely rung.
Now a day later, Van Natta told me the officer's quick action to risk his own life by using his patrol car as a shield is what allowed him to survive until today–his 55th birthday.
He was there to protect me and he did.
TeSelle: Oh, and what did the officer tell the highway worker once they had a chance to talk?
Van Natta: He told me I should buy a lottery ticket.


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- Travel Advisory
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Spacious rooms are comprised of 396 square feet. With air conditioner, ceiling fan, safe box, melita coffee maker, minibar, flat screen 42" LCD TV, iron and iron board, black out blinds, work desk with tempered white glass cover to provide greater freshness and comfort when working, ergonomic chair, white light LED lamp that generates no heat, 3 telephones in the room, iPod dock with wake up clock, reading couch, rooms with tub and rain shower with telephone shower option, hair dryer and illuminated vanity mirror.
Bathroom / Personal Care
- Bathtub
- All rooms with balcony, AC and cealing fan, black out blinds, double si
- Business Center
Premium Services
- Cable / Satellite TV
- Color TV
- In Room Movies - Pay Per View
- In Room Movies - Premium Cable
- In Room Video Games Available
- Desk Level Electrical Outlet
- Work Desk w/ Lamp
Workspace / Desk
- Direct Dial Phone
- Phone with Voice Mail
- Separate phone bills for separate lines
- Speaker Phone
- Two-Line Phone
- WorldLink - Power and Phone/Internet Connector
Phone / Fax
- Standard Internet service is free for all IHG® Rewards Club members
- Wireless Internet available in Standard Rooms,
Executive Rooms,
Business Center,
Public Areas
Standard Room Wireless Fee for Non Members: $ 12.00 12.0 USD
- Wired Internet available in Business Center
Standard Internet Service
- Hairdryer
- Private Bathroom
Bathroom / Personal Care
- Coffee Maker
- Mini Bar
- Tea Maker
Refreshment / Kitchen
- Connecting Rooms
- Crib
- Double Glazed Windows
- Individually Controlled Air Conditioning
- Iron / Ironing Board
- Number of Closets in Executive Rooms
- Number of Closets in Some Rooms
- Number of Closets in Suites
- Separate Hanging Closet
- Windows Open by Guest
InterContinental Presidente Merida
- Av. Colon : 500
- Merida , 97000
- Mexico
- Front Desk +52-999-9429000
In the Heart of the City
The finest city addresses come courtesy of InterContinental hotels. Vibrant, cosmopolitan destinations offer a sanctuary of luxury, from front-row seats over Times Square, New York to stunning spa pools overlooking Hong Kong Harbour. Prestigious city addresses include Sydney Harbour, Dubai, London Park Lane, Mayfair and Paris. Find your premium location in the heart of the city.
Distance 9 KM / 5.59 MI NORTH to Hotel
Taxi Charge (one way): $0.00 (USD)
Train Charge (one way): $0.00 (USD)
Ferry Charge (one way): $0.00 (USD)
Take Aviation Ave. continue on Itzaes Blvd. in the Hidalgo monument turn right on Colon Ave, keep staight the hotel is on the right between the 62nd and 60 th Street.
- Underground parking with capacity of 52 spaces available for hotel guest
- Valet Parking Available
- Parking Area Equipped with Lights
Airport transportation is provided by Orbitur. Prices start at 250 pesos, and should be booked in advance with the concierge.


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The PERB Board Meeting will be held on October 30, 2014 at 11 am.
A. 14-A-06: District of Columbia Metropolitan Police Department v. Fraternal Order of Police/Metropolitan Police Department Labor Committee: Arbitration Review Request
B. 14-A-08: District of Columbia Child and Family Services Agency v. American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, District Council 20, Local 2401: Arbitration Review Request
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Become one of the teletubbies with this Tinky Winky adult costume! Includes jumpsuit with attached character hood, mitts and shoecovers. 3-piece set. Polyester. Imported. Hand wash.
This is an officially licensed Teletubbies product.
Retail Value: $84.99
Our Price: $79.99
Product ID: #31689
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Teletubbies Tinky Winky Adult Costume - One-Size (144690)
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Reviewed by: Blues555
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Location: IL
Title: Excellent Customer Service
Date: Mar 07, 2013
I ordered this costume from another company that continually didn't get it shipped. It was put off so long it would have to be shipped to me for $100 shipping fee. I contacted CostumeExpress and the online operator was very helpful and knowledgable. My computer disconnected us and I ordered the costume online. The price was a little higher than the company I had previously ordered from, but if it never ships it doesn't matter how inexpensive it is! The shipping cost was fair and it came as promised and on time. I will definitely order from this company again! Thank you for such great customer service.
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Break the mold on conventional beds with the contemporary Archway bunk. Constructed of iron with a white powder coating, ?this modern group has a versatile style that can appeal to the minimalist and traditionalist alike. Two full sized bunks maximize your space, and make it easy to accommodate your children as they grow. Built in side ladders on each side makes access to the top bunk easy; no separate ladder is needed.
Archway White 3 Pc Full/Full Bunk Bed
Full/Full Bunk Bed
|80"L x 60"W x 65"H


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|BTC REPORTS: The Jobs and Economic Impact of the FY2011-13 North Carolina State Budget - A Whole-Budget Analysis Shows Widespread Private-Sector Job Losses Across all North Carolina Regions
|Aug 23, 2011
|FACTSHEET: Key Points in Federal Budget Debate
|Sep 10, 2013
|FACTSHEET: North Carolina's economy is competitive with neighboring states
|May 1, 2013
|NC JUSTICE CENTER REPORT: North Carolina's Low-Wage Recovery is Hurting Workers and the Economy
|Jun 17, 2014
|POLICY POINTS: Taking a Balanced Approach - Four Revenue Options for Fixing Sequestration
|Mar 1, 2013
|Prosperity Watch Issue 22, No. 2: Jobs deficit presents clear need for policy solutions
|Feb 12, 2013
|Prosperity Watch Issue 23, No. 1: North Carolina's job creation continues to lag, despite modest gains
|Mar 20, 2013
|Prosperity Watch Issue 24, No. 1: Creating Jobs in All the Wrong Places - State's low-wage service sector experiences most job growth since end of the recession
|Apr 2, 2013
|Prosperity Watch Issue 24, No. 2: Economic Recovery Continues to Bypass African Americans
|Apr 9, 2013
|Prosperity Watch Issue 24, No. 3: North Carolina's unusual recovery - state's economy grows while job creation stagnates
|Apr 17, 2013


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