text:
April 2003 - June 2003
For a developing country like India, the process of adding generation capacity has to be planned and controlled as per national priorities. The first priority obviously is to harvest the hydro energy potential of 1,50,000 MW out of which only 23,500 MW (16%) has been tapped – whereas in developed country like Norway 58% of hydro potential has been tapped. The organisation to ensure a control on fuel energy balance was CEA, which has been sidelined in the Act.
Under Section 7 any Genrating company can set up a power station without obtaining cleareance from CEA. Only Hydro Stns. are required to obtain TEC from CEA.
The Act, Section 9 allows the setting up of Captive Generating Plants &dedicated transmission lines.
It further gives the generator the right to "open access" to the destination of his use.
Under this section there is every possibility of large & other industrial consumers switching over to captive generators located anywhere in the country – which will lead the SEBs (Distribution Utilities)into accelerated bankruptcy.
In case an industrial consumer opts to purchase power from any generator through "Open Access" he would be required to pay a "subsidy surcharge". However in case of captive generators there is no provision to pay subsidy surcharge. In other words the captive generators will be given liberty to use the SEB/State Utility transmission system to deprive the SEB/State utility of its high revenue consumers.
Under Section 14 the Damodar Valley Corporation has been exempted, but no such exemption has been given to Bhakra Beas Management Board.
The role, functioning and authority of Regional Electricity Boards have been diluted to that of a "Regional Power Committee(definition 55) & Section 29(4). Under existing system the RLDCs are to work on the policy and directions of REBs.
Under Act 2003 RegionalPOwer Committees will have no authority to decide policy matters of RLDC.
Under Section 32 contract PPAs etc. have been protected & the state utility would be forced to buy costlier power. Section 32-2(a) is obviously to accomodate the future and present ENRONS.
Section 38, 2(d) makes it obligatory to provide "non discriminatory open access". The implication is that the creamy (high revenue)consumers can choose the generator of their choice, which may be located anywhere in the Country.
There is a similar obligation on the State Transmission Utility, Section 39-2(d) to provide non-discriminatory open access.
Section 42 provides the legal framework of privatisation of distribution.
Section 44 has been added clearly on the experience of Orissa Cyclone and relieves the distribution licence from restoring power supply.Under this section 44 once power supply is disrupted due to cyclone, flood storm etc., the Licensee Company is given the freedom NOT TO RESTORE SUPPLY. This section is drafted to protect the licensee Company while totally ignoring on the power consumers whose power supply is disrupted.
In section 61 the CERC/SERC is to determine the tariffs & a period of 1 year is allowed for retaining Section 43A of E.S. Act, ERC Act 1998- BUT THE CRUCIAL SECTION 59 SPECIFYING 3% SURPLUS IS MISSING . Thus private licensee have no limit on profits they can make while State Owned distribution Companies are now under no legal obligation to achieve the bare minimum of 3% surplus.
EA in Part IX, clauses 70-75 the CEA has been retained but with much reduced powers & scope of functioning. In particular, CEA has been sidelined in the field of giving technological clearance to Thermal Station.
ABOLITION OF SEBs
Section 3 of ES Act 1948 contains provision for the CEA defining its constitution, members, powers and responsibilities. The section 3 of ES Act 1948 has been replaced by Part IX (Clause 70-75) of Electricity Act 2003, thereby ensuring that however the CEA is retained under Ectectricity Act 2003( although in a diluted form). However the Act 2003 does not contain any such similar provision for retaining the SEBs in their present form. Section 5 of ES Act provides for the setting up SEBs, the members, duties & responsibilities.
The ELECTRICITY ACT 2003 COMPLETELY ELIMINATES SECTION 5 OF ES ACT 1948 THEREBY ABOLISHING THE EXISTENCE OF SEBs. AS STATUTORY AUTONOMOUS BODIES. In other words the Electricity Act 2003 by totally eliminating the Section of ES Act 1948, clearly converts the SEBs into Companies under the Company Act 1956.
RETAINING CERS/SERC – SECTION X Provisions of ERC Act 1998 have been retained in Part 10 (Section 76 –109)Section 82 allows the existing SERCs to continue functioning as envisaged under the ERC Act 1998.
APPELATE TRIBUTIONAL (XI) Under Section 110-125 the electricity Act 2003 provides for the formation of an appellate Tribunal Comprising the Chairman & 3 members. The Chair Person would be a serving or retired Supreme Court Judge or Retd.C.J. of High High Court.
The two members can be either a High Court Judge or a Secretary of GoI or a Technocrat.
The orders of Appellate Tribunal can be appealed only in Supreme Court.
Section XII Investigation & Enforcement Clauses 126-130 deals with assessment in theft cases.
Section XIII REORGANISATION OF BOARD
131: State Govt. to notify the date from which the "transfer scheme" is to be effected by which SEB property is vested with State Govt. U/S 131 (7) "The Board shall cease to be charged with and shall not perform the functions and duties with regard to the transfers made on or after the effective date."
Section 132 specifies that if assets of Board are sold the priority on the Sale Proceeds would be to meet employees dues (including retirement benefits)
Section 133 provides for transfer of officers & employees to the transferee
Section 134 debars the employee to the protection or provisions contained in Industrial Disputes Act.
Part XIV – OFFENSES AND PENALTIES
Section 135 deals with theft of energy, with provision of imprisonment upto 3 years, fine or both.
For "Lifeline" consumers' upto 10 KW the penalty shall be 3 times for first offence & 6 times for subsequent offence (but no imprisonment).
For consumer above 10KW for first offence, the penalty shall be three times, but for second offence and the punishment is imprisonment for 6 months to 5 years.
There are provisions of search and seizure as well as to enter, break open & search.
Section 136 deals with theft of electric lines and materials.
Section 150 deals with connivance in theft.
Section 152 deals with Compounding of offences.
Part XIVA
Provides for setting up of Special Courts to try theft of energy cases.
Part XV deals with Arbitration.
MISc: u/s 165 any penalty can be recovered as if it were
an arrear of land revenue.
This draconian provision of British colonial lines is obviously to give powers to the private distribution cost to use the Govt. law & order machinery to recover dues.
Section 167: SEB TO BE CONVERTED TO STATE
Under Section 167 the SEB constituted under ES Act 1948 will be deemed as a STATE TRANSMISSION UTILITY AND A LICENSEE.
The state govenrment may authorise the SEB to continue to function as STU or Licensee for a period beyond 1 year "AS MAY BE MUTUALLY DECIDED BY CENTRAL & STATE GOVT."
The implication is clear that the continuance of SEB as STU beyond 1 year depends upon the consent or sweet will of the Central Govt.
U/S 167(d) gives State Govt. the power to stay the implementation of electricity Act 2003 FOR MAXIMUM 6 MONTHS.
Section 169 provides for over-riding effect over every other Act except Railways, Atomic Energy & Consumer Protection Act.
U/S 180 the electricity Act 1910, E(S) Act 1948 & ERC Act 1998 are REPEALED.
Under the Schedule the State Enactments are saved, viz Orissa, Haryana, Andhra, U.P, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Delhi & M.P.
Copyright © 2002 - 2004 Electricity Employees Federation of India. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Week in photosOlympians, masks and a tiny monkey make it in this week's photos.
1 of 25
Office employees in the Thaksin Shinawatra-owned office building watch the anti-government protesters surrounding the main gate in Bangkok, Thailand, Thursday, Feb. 20, 2014. A Thai court ordered the government on Wednesday not to use force against protesters who are attempting to oust the prime minister, a day after violent clashes between riot police and demonstrators left five people dead and dozens injured. (AP Photo/Wally Santana)
Photo by Wally Santana
Photo by Wally Santana
1 of 25
Most popular
In the community

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Raw Footage is out!!
so the new album has dropped. :) after being delayed, it 'officially' released today. thanks to his MySpace page, I actually heard it all yesterday before getting it on iTunes today - support Cube and buy his album today.
anyway.... I have listened to it just 1 time and will again today a few times for sure. There are certainly some traxs I like and do not like I could tell right off. I will reserve my final opinion until I listen to it all again a few more times as I often find songs I do not like, I end up liking in the end. It is certainly political in lyrics, and I love that, but I like it lyrical AND hard and some of the songs are easy going beats like Stand Tall. solid lyrcis no doubt, with like a 70's theme going on. but not as 'raw' as I expected for a song on this album. totally different that GRMMDI for example - that is truly raw.
anyway... chime in here. I will more as I give it another few listens. Either way, I am pumped we have a new album and I support him no doubt.
Replies to This Posting
Re: Raw Footage is out!!
LOTS of references to God throughout the album... I can dig that, but it is unexpected. nice to see the man getting props.
Re: Raw Footage is out!!
Yeah its a really good album in the mini booklet on the last page it has a ice cube hoodie there were can i buy this?
Re: Raw Footage is out!!
Yay Yay:excl::excl::excl::excl::excl:
Tight album, so so gangsta:excl:
Re: Raw Footage is out!!
Cube noticed that too:
Re: Raw Footage is out!!
wow.. they removed all the new songs from his MySpace page. just the other day, ALL the songs from the album were there to listen to and now, it is just back to the ones they prereleased. I wonder if they :excl: up and accidentally put all the songs on there and I just happened to hear them all.
Re: Raw Footage is out!!
It was probably to advertise the goods... They would have removed it so people buy the album instead of going to myspace to listen to it. Loving the bonus tracks by the way, have you heard them? "Crack Baby?" is an excellent song.
Re: Raw Footage is out!!
It's got a 70's feel because [i think] it is a 70's beat and chorus, with Cube singing the verses. Like "Growing Up"...


text:
Karen Vaughn, mother of fallen Navy Seal of Aaron Carson Vaughn, reacts to Barack Obama's campaign ad "One Chance." Karen and Billy Vaughn lost their son Aaron last year in Afghanistan.
I hadn't seen or heard of Clinton's comments and this ad until now. Both are so out of touch, with BHO being totally removed from the mainstream of America…but that is his life-long intent to DESTROY AMERICA. His Marxist ideologies started as a mid-teen and he's been groomed as the Devil Incarnate intended to accomplish exactly what he's done.
Defend Democracy, Freedom and Liberty in America…vote this scoundrel out!


text:
Egypt's president has voiced increased concerns in an escalating Nile River dispute with Ethiopia.
Tensions have been rising since Ethiopia announced plans to divert water for a hydro-electricity project.
Al Jazeera's Nicole Johnston reports from Cairo.
Content on this website is for general information purposes only.
Your comments are provided by your own free will and you take sole responsibility for any direct or indirect
liability. You hereby provide us with an irrevocable, unlimited, and global license for no consideration to
use, reuse, delete or publish comments, in accordance with Community
Rules & Guidelines and Terms and


text:
by Marieta W. HarrisMay / June 2001
Memphis City Schools, with 175 schools and an enrollment of more than 115 000 students, is one of the largest school systems in the United States. Approximately 86 percent of the student population is minority, primarily African American, and more than 64 percent of all students qualify for free or reduced-price lunches. In 1995, Memphis City Schools became an Urban Systemic Initiative of the National Science Foundation. The five-year award with $15 million funding supported mathematics, science, and technology reform and was supplemented in August 2000 with an additional $8.7 million for five years as an urban systemic program. As an Urban Systemic Initiative, Memphis City Schools has worked to galvanize the community and establish strategies to accelerate achievement in mathematics by involving every administrator, school principal, teacher, and counselor, as well as parents, the community at large, the business community, and local colleges and universities to accelerate mathematics reform. The infrastructure so developed is committed to implementing a standards-based curriculum, integrating technology in the mathematics instruction, using coherent assessment practices, and providing ongoing professional development.
Like other large urban districts, Memphis City Schools has faced increasing demands for student performance on state assessments, including norm-referenced end-of-course and exit examinations, writing examinations, and the ACT and SAT examinations. As a result of the demands for student performance, Memphis City Schools has developed local standards for mathematics that describe what students in grades K–12 should know and be able to do and has recognized that for students to achieve academic standards, teachers of mathematics must be masters of the content and must understand how to convert that knowledge of content into standards-based instruction. Teachers therefore must acquire the skills needed to assist students in producing quality work, and they require sustained and intensive staff development.
Professional development has become the cornerstone of mathematics education reform in Memphis. Fostering collegiality and collaboration, promoting experimentation and risk taking, expanding content knowledge, involving participants in making decisions about their experiences, allowing teachers time to reflect on and practice what they have learned, providing for leadership development and sustained support, and giving appropriate rewards and incentives have become the norms for professional development that is consistent with the district's reform efforts for mathematics teachers.
The federal funding allows all elementary and middle school teachers to participate in 182 hours of professional development each year and allows all secondary-level teachers to participate in 36 hours per year. This professional development includes a variety of approaches to learning through institutes, seminars, study groups, networks, technology training sessions, action labs, and Web-based tutorial programs. The district's goal is to provide mathematics teachers with ongoing staff-development opportunities that result in improved teaching practices.
Because the role of the mathematics teachers in a Standards-based classroom differs from that in a traditional classroom, staff-development content must also differ. Teachers are recognized as an important source of knowledge; they learn through continuous inquiry into practice, interaction with colleagues, and exposure to research on best practices. Staff developers of Memphis City Schools have recognized these characteristics of mathematics teachers and are committed to providing high-quality professional development experiences for them. Only through this professional development can Memphis ensure that its schools continue to move toward overall high mathematics performance, and federal money has provided the ability to do so.
Having trouble running our Java apps? Get help here.
Your feedback is important! Comments or concerns regarding the content of this page may be sent to firstname.lastname@example.com. Thank you.
About NCTM | Standards & Focal Points | Membership | Conferences | Professional DevelopmentJournals & Books | Research, News & Advocacy | Shop Online | Jobs | Advertise | Site Map
The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics is the public voice of mathematics education, supporting teachers to ensure equitable mathematics learning of the highest quality for all students through vision, leadership, professional development, and research.
Use of this Web site constitutes acceptance of the Terms of Use.
1906 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191-1502Contact and Directions | TEL: (800) 235-7566 or (703) 620-9840 | FAX: (703) email@example.com
Copyright © 2014, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.


text:
2. Enter voucher code below and click Redeem
" I am at 'Life's Buffet': I have to pick and choose wisely, because not everything will fit on my plate!" -D33P.
" Hello Friends i am Deep Manavadaria" and I am a blogger, entrepreneur, designer, developer, seo expert and overall thinker.
Get Touch
You want to leave a every Movement of LIFE? thats you are in right place you can get free Thoughts of Life, Love, of Laughfing
Get Thoughts
You want to Watch Live IPL in your Computer, Mobile or Table? watch only on Webxxpet IPL Entertainment TV.
Watch Live Cricket


text:
Sustainability's new mobile app: TigerEnergy
The Office of Sustainability launched a new pilot mobile app, Tiger Energy.
As an effort to raise awareness of our campus energy systems, the mobile app shows REAL-TIME data of energy generation and energy consumption. The partnership between local company, Wattvision, and Facilities Engineering and Campus Energy group allows us to view energy data from our solar array, gas turbines, steam turbines, chilled water and steam in the context of energy usage. Did you know our solar field can produce enough energy to power over 260 major reunion tents!
Check out the mobile app: sustain.princeton.edu/tigerenergy
Feedback is appreciated and encouraged from within the app itself!
NOTE: The site has been optimized for iPhone/iPad/Android platforms, but should work on any mobile device. The pilot is not optimized for desktop use at this time, so if your desktop browser does not open the site please try a mobile device.