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Issue Archive
Organic Photovoltaics - Forecasts for the Next Decade
Wednesday, 20 June 2012
Today there are multiple devices available for harnessing solar energy. Each device offers a different set of characteristics. Wafer-based devices consist of mono or polycrystalline and are the most mature technology due to the experience borrowed from the microelectronics industry.
Read More >>
Posted in: Electronics & Computers, Solar Power, Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, Energy Harvesting, Automotive, Articles, Features
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Cool and Green: Vehicle Thermal Management
Wednesday, 11 May 2011
Air conditioning is a 'must-have' for most new cars. But the fluorocarbon refrigerant HFC-134a – the global standard – is one of the ozone-depleting greenhouse gases causing global warming. With these concerns, the European Union has passed regulations phasing out the compound beginning in 2011 and mandating the use of alternatives with less environmental impact.
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Posted in: Green Design & Manufacturing, Greenhouse Gases, Transportation, Articles, Features, GDM
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Revolution in Fasteners Helps Bridge the Gap to Greener Vehicles
Friday, 19 March 2010
With auto sales down as much as 40 percent, it can feel to some like the industry is coming apart. But a "revolution in fasteners" may soon help bridge the gap to greener vehicles, while increasing sales and lowering recall and warranty rates.
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Posted in: Batteries, Electronics & Computers, Alternative Fuels, Green Design & Manufacturing, Transportation, Articles, Features, GDM
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Power Conversion for Reduced Cost, Volume, and Weight - and Increased Efficiency
Tuesday, 16 March 2010
Industry and consumers are increasingly aware of the benefits of efficacious use of metered power, as costs and cost trends increase. Making the right choices for power converter design can produce rapid investment payback in applications such as for LED illumination and automotive electric vehicles, and can be optimized for low total cost of ownership (TCO).
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Posted in: Energy Efficiency, Energy, Lighting, Transportation, Articles, Features, GDM
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Development of a Centrifugal Hydrogen Pipeline Gas Compressor
Tuesday, 12 January 2010
DOE has prepared a Multi-Year Research, Development, and Demonstration Plan to provide hydrogen as a viable fuel for transportation after 2020, and commissioned Concepts NREC (CN) with the project of developing a centrifugal hydrogen pipeline gas compressor. Phase I of this project has been completed and is described in this article.
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Posted in: Alternative Fuels, Green Design & Manufacturing, Energy Efficiency, Energy, Transportation, Government Initiatives, Government, Articles, Features, GDM
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Windshields to Reflect Sunlight, and Perhaps Produce Electricity
Thursday, 30 July 2009
The California Air Resources Board will require new cars sold in California to have windows that reflect or absorb heat-producing rays from the sun. Starting in 2012, windows must prevent 45 percent of the sun's total heat-producing energy from entering the car, and the windshield must reject at least 50 percent. In 2016, this increases to 60 percent.
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Posted in: Solar Power, Energy, Transportation, Articles, Features, Products, GDM
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Lithium-Ion Batteries Fuel the Future of Automotive Design
Saturday, 20 June 2009
In 1924, General Motors president Alfred P. Sloan Jr. devised annual model-year design changes in order to maintain unit sales. Body shapes faced cosmetic changes every year, whether or not the underlying automobile had changed. This breakthrough strategy had widespread effects on the automobile business, automotive design, and eventually the United States economy. In recent years, amongst a worsening economy and a struggling auto industry, the underlying automobile has changed rapidly, with emphases on efficiency and environmental friendliness.
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Posted in: Batteries, Electronics & Computers, Transportation, Articles, Features, GDM
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White Papers


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Volunteer Opportunities
We want to make sure that you find the right fit with the Girl Scouts of the Sierra Nevada and that you get the most out of your experience. We are so excited to meet you and for you to be a part of the Girl Scout legacy!
Be a part of TROOP LEADERSHIP and be a role model for a group of girls, as together you
- Investigate technology and science
- Discover your community
- Go camping and explore the outdoors
- Complete community service projects
- Help girls sell cookies!
Be a part of the SUPPORT TEAM in your area and help with
- Recruitment
- Local events
- Service projects
- Adult recognitions
- Adult training
- Finances
- Registration
- Travel
Join the OUTREACH TEAM and help make Girl Scouting available to ALL girls and
- Help with troop meetings in low-income, at-risk neighborhoods
- Identify new sites where Girl Scouting does not already exist
- Create Girl Scout programming and activities
Join the INDIRECT SERVICE TEAM and be a volunteer in times of need by helping us with
- Adult Recognitions
- Fundraisers
- Camp
- Large mailings
- Inventory
- Girl Scout Historical Archives
- Cookies!

subset: commoncrawl


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December 22, 2014
ANTLERS, OK-The case of an Enid man found dead in Antlers was turned over to the Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation.
OSBI's Jessica Brown said 26-year-old Dustin Whitener was found dead in his Antlers home December 13. She said Whitener was in an altercation in the 200 block of SW C the night before, then he walked half a block to his home wounded and refused medical treatment. Brown said Whitener died the next day.
She said they're ruling his death a homicide.
"He was involved in an altercation we believe possibly the wounds that he received during the altercation are what caused his homicide or his death," she said.
Brown said they are still waiting for the medical examiner's reports. They will soon release their findings to the Pushmataha district attorney.
She said no suspects are in custody.
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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|Name: _________________________
|Period: ___________________
This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 4.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What did Grandpere put on the rifle pile?
(a) A bow and arrow
(b) An ancient, rusted rifle
(c) Nothing
(d) A BB gun
2. What payment would Jo receive for his work?
(a) Nothing
(b) Coins
(c) Honey
(d) Pigs
3. Where did Jo think Benjamin and Leah might be hiding if they hadn't been caught?
(a) In some bushes
(b) Behind a tree
(c) In Papa's hut
(d) In the water
4. Why did Jo go back to the pasture?
(a) He had left his gun.
(b) He was looking for Rouf.
(c) He left his jacket there.
(d) He wanted to make sure the sheep were now safe.
5. How does the widow want the boy to treat her in the village?
(a) With respect
(b) He should act as if he's afraid of her.
(c) He should act as if he's repulsed by her.
(d) Normally, without smiling at her.
Short Answer Questions
1. How did Jo feel about the Widow Horcada?
2. How does the man introduce himself?
3. What were Jo's nightmares about?
4. What was unique about Hubert?
5. Where was the man from?
This section contains 252 words
(approx. 1 page at 300 words per page)


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(update below) Two young women from New England who attempted to start a second tree blockade to stop TransCanada's construction of the Keystone XL pipeline have been charged with felonies. They were arrested in the last twenty-four hours. As this blog reported yesterday, in Sacul, Texas, Pika of Vermont and Lauren of New Hampshire climbed up onto [...]
Two Charged with Felonies for Disrupting Keystone XL Pipeline Construction from Trees
|By: Kevin Gosztola Thursday November 1, 2012 5:25 pm
TransCanada's Paid Goons Arrest Ten Tar Sands Blockaders
|By: Kevin Gosztola Monday October 15, 2012 6:30 pm
More than fifty people reportedly risked arrest in Winnsboro, Texas, today, as they walked on to the area where TransCanada is constructing its Keystone XL pipeline and engaged in civil disobedience. Multiple individuals chose to defend and show solidarity with people who have been in the trees for the past three weeks taking direct action [...]
Daryl Hannah & Eleanor Fairchild Defend Family Farm from Tar Sands Pipeline (VIDEO)
|By: Kevin Gosztola Friday October 5, 2012 5:43 pm
On the eleventh day of action against TransCanada's demolition of forest, land and family farm property in East Texas, actress Daryl Hannah joined Eleanor Fairchild to defend her farm from the heavy machinery TransCanada is using to prepare the environment for the construction of the Keystone XL pipeline. The two ran out and put their [...]


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Games Software
- Real Time Strategy
- First Person Shooters
- Turn Based Strategy
- Role-Playing
- Simulation
- Multi-User Dungeons (MUD)
- Puzzle Games
- Board Games
- Side-Scrolling/Arcade Games
- Card Games
- Console-based Games
- Flight simulator
- Hobbies
- Multiplayer
Showing page 1 of 2.
Windows Pong
A Pong game using Windows Controls2 weekly downloads
Silverlight goo Baduk Online Game
Microsoft Silverlight v2.0 v3.0 Client Visual Studio 2008 Server C++ MS-SQL Database 2000 WEB 2.0 Online Baduk Game Open source www.gBaduk.com services full source2 weekly downloads
The Adventures of Lerpz the Magician
Game made in a week while learning the ropes of Unity3D. Uses wiimote controls facilitated by the use of Darwiinremote.2 weekly downloads
Beat the Speed
Beat the Speed is a simple interesting racing game1 weekly downloads
Space Control : The game
A basic real time strategy game built from the XNA framework. Direct your fleets, control the universe.1 weekly downloads
WPF Media Tagger
Create tags for your media files. Define Start/End time and additional information for each media tag. Later, you can play the tags using an embedded media player.1 weekly downloads
The 8-Tiles project is to study, play and analyze the 8-tiles problem.1 weekly downloads
CSS490a Group Project
This is a short XNA game being developed by students of the CSS program at the university of washington. We haven't figured out the game design yet, so this description will be updated with additional detail as the project progresses.1 weekly downloads
This a plataform game where the user must to match the color of the blocks to be exploded. The sequence of matches must be minimum 3 and without limit. As the user is exploding the blocks the game is going to be more difficult and fast.1 weekly downloads
Dodge This
"Dodge This" is a 3D Dodge-Ball game using Microsoft's C# and XNA platforms. The project is being developed for the "EECS 494: Game Design, Fall 2007" class at the University of Michigan1 weekly downloads
MBA Manager Game
OVERVIEW OF GAME: MBA manger Game is a network game written in.NET to support maximum teams with 3 people in one. Game has 3 parts and 3 players of a team have to play it. Basically it is a production company of bikes.1 weekly downloads
Mission Planet Omega alpha0.1
No description1 weekly downloads
Moon Engine
Game Engine, based on XNA C#, but with one valuable difference between others. It has LUA.1 weekly downloads
XWing VS TieFighter clone made for a school project1 weekly downloads
RADical Engine
An open source MMORPG engine.1 weekly downloads
Rainbow Dash Saves The Day
Rainbow dash has to save the day from Pinki Pie and her Cup Cakes1 weekly downloads
SearchWar is a LIVE webbased match database system for computer gamers around the world. The system can help you to find an opponent in a computer game. The project is offline and closed1 weekly downloads
Second String Heroes
An XNA game developed by Entropy Entertainment of Davenport University1 weekly downloads
The SnakeMorpheus is a very interesting game because you can control the speed of the game and the big window provide a continuous challenge for the user. Enjoy a great adventure controlling your snake without crash in the walls and yourself.1 weekly downloads
This is a semester long simple sudoku project developed in 2008. It is my personal interest to expend the functionality other than what was provided by univerisity. Nothing interesting but I'm intending to incrementally update it.1 weekly downloads
World in a Box
Arduino and Unity-based world controller. More information at http://users.wpi.edu/~andrewtremblay/WiaB.html1 weekly downloads
Awesom-O - A robot soccer player
Awesom-o is a Lego NXT Robot which plays soccer against another one of his kind. to highly expand range it uses WLAN instead of Bluetooth.0 weekly downloads
CSharp Wumpus Environment
CSharp Wumpus Environment is a C# application that simulates an environment of the classic game Hunt the Wumpus. It was originally developed in the High School in 2005 as an activity of the Artificial Intelligence subject.0 weekly downloads
This will be a action game.0 weekly downloads
1) We want to create strong AI 2) We want to create artificial life in a computer 3) We want to shatter the dominance of profit-blinded companies and replace it with local initiative ... all in one project.0 weekly downloads


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Yea, verily: I will be taking part in the fantabulous Tandem Reading Series again, along with the awesome Sean Ferrell and the slightly more awesome Evan Mandery:
WHAT: The Time Traveler's Life
WHERE: The Cell Theatre, 338 West 23 St. (between 8 and 9 Ave.; take the 1, C, E to 23rd St; www.thecelltheatre.org). 212-989-7434. Donation: $5. Or you can hand in a story.
WHEN: Sunday, November 13, 2011, 5pm
Be there and be prepared to be smeared with awesome sauce. At least that's what we're calling it.


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For young professionals, starting out in the workforce can be both exhilarating and intimidating. Coming from a world where success is outlined in a professor's syllabus, many of us are eager to quickly learn what it takes to be successful in our new environment. What I soon learned working at a top professional services firm is that the few days of orientation and training provided barely touch the surface of what it really takes to succeed. Instead, I had to discover these lessons for myself.
In any environment, there are unwritten rules that govern how employees work and interact with one another. These rules can be unique to a particular organization's culture, and learning these rules is critical to success. Unfortunately, too many of us enter the workforce without understanding what they are or that they even exist. Catalyst, an organization that studies women in corporate America, recently published research on how what we don't know can hurt us in our careers.
As I reflect on my experiences as well as the advice I have received from mentors during my short tenure in corporate America, these are the unwritten rules that have I have learned:
- Be a strong performer
While not exactly unwritten, this is one rule that can't be overemphasized. Nothing is more critical to your success than building a strong reputation. The strength of your network and the opportunities with which you are presented will depend on your reputation. You are more likely to find great mentors with a strong reputation. Therefore, producing good work is the bare minimum to surviving in a corporate environment.
- Observe everything
As young black women, we don't typically have access to the strong informal networks that many of our peers have. Within these networks, unwritten rules are often communicated. While this may not always be available to us, the ability to observe your surroundings and adapt accordingly is important.
- Seek out regular feedback
Perception is everything. Do your best at all times to avoid a gap between the way you want others to perceive you and the way they actually perceive you. This can only be done by continuously seeking feedback. Knowing what your managers and team perceive to be your strengths and weaknesses allows for continuous growth. Continuous growth will ultimately take you to the next level.
- Step out of your comfort zone
In an environment where few people look like you and even fewer have had similar experiences as you, it is necessary to make the extra effort to form relationships with your colleagues. Some will develop naturally, while others will take more energy. Attend happy hours, take part in new activities, join different groups of people for lunch, and celebrate birthdays with your peers. Building relationships is not only the key to success, it will also make your experience at work more enjoyable.
- Control your career
Nobody will look out for your best interest more than you. Nobody can help you accomplish your goals better than you can. From the very start, establish short-term goals for each of your experiences that will help you reach your long-term goals. Communicate these goals to your managers and mentors then hold them accountable to any commitments they make. Most importantly, hold yourself accountable to the goals you have set.
- When in doubt, ask
Hopefully, during your time at your firm, you have built a strong relationship with at least one person who can give you "real talk". Ideally, this person has been in your shoes before and is more than open to talking about sticky situations. Whenever you find yourself in doubt about anything – from how to respond to an email that upset you to how to deal with a manager that makes you feel uncomfortable – it is better to ask for advice than do something you regret later.
Learning the unwritten rules in a completely new environment can be frustrating for us as young professionals. When you don't know what you don't know, you are often forced to learn through trial and error. As young black women, it can even become discouraging because we often witness the consequences minorities face as result of this approach. Our trials and errors are generally less informed and quickly damage our reputations, often resulting in tarnished reputations and delayed career progression. Nonetheless, focusing on your performance, managing your reputation, and building relationships will carry you forward as you continue to learn the unwritten rules to success in your environment.


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In the Footsteps of the GodsI.B.Tauris 2011; US$ 18.00
Gladiators and goddesses, philosophers and poets, epic battles and romantic landscapes? the classical world has for centuries captivated and inspired the west. But what provoked the shift from the western world's love-affair with classical Rome and its manifestation in the Renaissance, to the Hellenic world? The decisive switch in focus and taste... more...
PoetryOxford University Press 2013; US$ 18.99
The Literary Agenda is a series of short polemical monographs about the importance of literature and of reading in the wider world and about the state of literary education inside schools and universities. The category of 'the literary' has always been contentious. What is clear, however, is how increasingly it is dismissed or is unrecognised... more...
Nine Fathom DeepBloodaxe Books 2014; US$ 11.59
Like the work of the European poets who have nourished him, David Constantine?s poetry is informed by a profoundly humane vision of the world. In his title-poem � which illuminates the themes of the whole book � the lovers are a utopian answering back against the curse (following a crime against Nature) that is carried by the ship passing above them.... more...
ElderBloodaxe Books 2014; US$ 13.05
Like the work of the European poets who have nourished him, David Constantine?s poetry is informed by a profoundly humane vision of the world. Many of the poems in his latest collection spring from particular localities: Scilly, the North of England, Southern France, the Aegean, Wales; others from certain places (loci) in literature and mythology.... more...
Faust, Part IPenguin Books Ltd 2005; Not Available
Goethe's Faust reworks the late-medieval myth of Dr Faust, a brilliant scholar so disillusioned he resolves to make a contract or wager with the devil, Mephistopheles. The devil will do all he asks on Earth and seek to grant him a moment in life so glorious that he will wish it to last for ever. But if Faust does bid the moment stay, he falls to Mephisto... more...
Parallel Text: German Short StoriesPenguin Books Ltd 1992; Not Available
The eight stories in this volume offer a varied and representative collection of twentieth century German authors from a range of political and cultural backgrounds. Styles include the non-fictional manner of Kluge's montage technique and the contrasting classical storytelling of Penzoldt. With reading notes and parallel texts in German and English,... more...
Elective AffinitiesOxford University Press, UK 1994; US$ 8.99
In Elective Affinities Goethe conducts an experiment with the lives of people who are living badly. Charlotte and Eduard, aristocracts with little to occupy them, invite Ottilie and the Captain into their lives; against morality, good sense, and conscious volition all four are drawn into relationships as inexorably as if they were substances in a chemical... more...
The Sorrows of Young WertherOxford University Press 2012; US$ 8.99
I have so much and my feeling for her devours everything, I have so much and without her everything is nothing.'The Sorrows of Young Werther propelled Goethe to instant fame when it first appeared in 1774. Goethe drew on his own unhappy experiences to tell the story of Werther, a young man tormented by his love for Lotte, a tender-hearted girl... more...
The Industrial Base for Carbon Dioxide StorageRAND Corporation 2013; US$ 9.95
If policies aimed at large reductions of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are enacted, more carbon capture and storage will be needed. RAND researchers explored the ability of the industrial base supporting the transportation and sequestration of CO2 to expand, assessing the industrial base for transportation and injection of CO2 for both geologic storage... more...
Near-Term Opportunities for Integrating Biomass into the U.S. Electricity SupplyRAND Corporation 2011; US$ 9.95
Biomass is an increasingly important source of electricity, heat, and liquid fuel. One near-term option for using biomass to generate electricity is to cofire biomass in coal-fired electricity plants. This report focuses on two aspects of biomass use: plant-site modifications, changes in operations, and costs associated with cofiring biomass; and... more...


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Rolio transforms your Apple Lightning charger cable into a super-portable wall dock. Wind up that excess cable slack, thread the USB end through the center of the spool and plug it into your Apple adapter to make your own iPhone wall dock.
When there's no need to dock, Rolio helps keep that extra slack in check giving you a neat wheel to rest beside you while charging desk-side or to pop into a bag and take on the go, tangle and hassle free.
1. Slide the Lightning cable in from the side
2. Align the Lightning connector with the top of Rolio so the plastic part of the connector is flush with Rolio and only the Lightning connector is exposed above the surface
3. Roll the cable around the center of Rolio
4. Once rolled, take the USB end and thread it through the USB port in the middle of Rolio
5. Connect the USB to your Apple adapter
6. Plug it into the wall, upright – and you're ready to dock
Rolio works with region-specific Apple adapters and comes with an additional accessory to convert the UK Apple adapter.
Compatible with Apple US adaptor
Compatible with Apple EU adaptor
Compatible with Apple UK adaptor
Copyright © 2014 Bluelounge®. All Rights Reserved.


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Welcome to Kingsburg Farmer's Market
The 2012 G.J. Gardner Kingsburg Farmer's Market provides a place for you to purchase the freshest local produce available. Make it an evening and enjoy the local restaurants and farmer's market entertainment. The market runs every Thursday evening 5 to 9pm from May 17th to Oct 4th. This event is put on by the Kingsburg Chamber of Commerce. For more information, send us an email, or give us a call at (559) 869-8822


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My son has had a cough like that for a couple weeks now. Every time I brought it up to the pedi, they said he didn't have any fluids in his lungs, he's just coughing. I took him in on Monday because he was having horrible diarrhea. Turns out he has a sinus infection and the stomach flu.
I'd keep a close eye on it, and if you feel it's bad enough to make an appt, do so.
lemonJAM:Maybe you can call the pedi's office and see what they say. Ours is pretty good about the nurses giving advice over the phone.
This. Are you using any saline? That may help things too. DD hasn't been sick yet, *knock on wood*, so I don't have much advice there. I would call the pedi if it gets worse. If he seems happy, I wouldn't worry.
lemonJAM:Maybe you can call the pedi's office and see what they say. Ours is pretty good about the nurses giving advice over the phone.
Yup, this! Mine had the same thing going on for a couple of weeks. There isn't a whole lot that can be done besides prop up the crib mattress, turn on a humidifier in the room, suction out their nose and let it run it's course. That is if he's only congested. I didn't prop my LO up soon enough and this mess ended up going into an ear infection. GL, I hope feels better soon!
I agree with everyone else. I've been dealing with runny nose and cough for almost 2 months now. She's been seen by the pedi for her well visit and he said her lungs were clear so he didn't do anything for it. Now I've taken her back now that it's been a long time and she is on amoxicillin and will pursue if it continues.
I would say if it's only been a week or less, I would just do home treatment to relieve symptoms. I wouldn't take lo in until the symptoms persist for maybe 2 weeks or sooner if a fever develops or lo has trouble breathing, etc. The typical cold can last for 7-10 days I think. Sometimes longer.
purpleXdandelion:Thanks for all the advice ladies. I will wait it out alittle more. He only seems uncomfortable around bedtime, the rest of the day he's fine. I'm hesitant to call the pedi because I don't know who to call! We moved a couple months ago and got his 2 month shots right before we left and next week I have an appt with a new dr to get his 4 month shots (we're alittle behind cuz've waiting for our insurance to kick in). So I don't know who to call, the Dr who doesn't know us, or the Dr we don't go to anymore.
I would call the doctor who doesnt know you yet (just tell them your a new patient and when your appointment is and they should be willing to help you). The way our office works is when I call I ask for a nurse to call me back so you dont actually speak with the doctor... Also not sure who you have for insurance but if its Anthem they have a 24/7 nurse line you can call, maybe call your cust service and ask if this is an option or look at the back of your insurance card there may be a phone number? GL!
Call Pedi!! Little j had this about a month ago and he ended up needing breathing treatments. He was fine just a little cough every now and then. Check to see if he is flaring his nose when he breaths or if his chest is sucking in like you can see his ribs really bad.


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Local Scholarships
American Association of University Women - Medina Branch
American Association of University Women - Medina Branch
Two $1000 scholarships for "non-traditional" women undergraduate students attending an accredited college or university.
Berea Business & Professional Women
Jeanne Squire Memorial Scholarship
$1,000 Scholarship - Available to women applicants 30 years or older by December 31, 2013
Applicant must be:
• A resident of Cuyahoga, Lorain, or Medina Counties
• Seeking entry or re-entry into the workforce
• Pursuing a 2 year Associate Degree or 4 year Bachelor degree at a North Central Ohio ACCREDITED College or University http://ncahlc.org/
• Demonstrate financial need
Berea Business & Professional Women
PO Box 95, Berea, OH 44017
Download an application online at: http://berea.bpwohio.com/scholarship/
Birthcare of Medina County Scholarship
Birthcare of Medina County Scholarship
Up to $500 and given to one or more applicants each year who meet certain criteria and are recommended by the scholarship committee:
620 E. Smith Rd., Unit E-5A
Medina OH 44256
330 722-1190
Visit the Birthcare office beginning in January of each year.
Cleveland Browns Marion Motley Scholarship
Cleveland Browns Marion Motley Scholarship
Two renewable $2500 Scholarships will be awarded to senior students who are enrolled in a high school located in Northeast Ohio and plan to major in areas that would lead to a career working for a professional sports organization.
College Club West
College Club West
Tuition grants "up to $2000 or more", offered to women whose official home residence is within the counties of Cuyahoga, Medina and Lorain counties. They must be pursuing an undergraduate or graduate degree in any area of study. The scholarships will be awarded to women 25 years of age and older based on financial need, scholarship, career goals, and community service.
College Now Adult Learner Program
College Now Adult Learner Program
College Now provides scholarship opportunities to adult students age 19 and above who have interrupted their education for one year or more. Open to residents of Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, Mahoning, Medina, Portage, Stark, Summit or Trumbull Counties.
Critchfield Law Scholarships
Critchfield Law Scholarships
The Critchfield Law Diversity Scholarship is offered to a minority student who has completed at least one semester of law school, regardless of the student's place of residence.
Recipients will be awarded $1000 for each scholarship for the 2014-2015 academic year. The application deadline is April 4, 2014.
Delta Kappa Gamma - Medina County Chapter
Delta Kappa Gamma - Medina County Chapter
Friends of Brunswick Library
Friends of Brunswick Library
The Friends of Brunswick Library are offering a $500 Scholarship to "any student whose residence or employment is within the bounds of Brunswick Schools and who intends to pursue a master's degree in library science". The applicant must be a graduate with a four-year degree and be accepted into an accredited Master of Library Science program for the current academic period. Applications will be judged on academic credentials, financial need and professional goals.
Contact Nancy Ullman at 330 225-7699
Hinckley Women's Club Scholarships
Hinckley Women's Club Scholarships
Application deadline: March 10, 2014
International Association of Administrative Professionals - Medina County Chapter
International Association of Administrative Professionals - Medina County Chapter
One $750 Scholarship will be awarded in 2013.
This scholarship is offered to Medina County high school seniors and Medina County residents pursuing a business administration, information technology, or Associates/Bachelors Degree in an Administration - or Technology related field.
John S. Knight Memorial Journalism Fund
John S. Knight Memorial Journalism Fund
Scholarship guidelines, requirements, and an application are at: http://www.thebeaconjournal.com/public/jsk_scholarship.pdf
Lodi Community Hospital
Lodi Community Hospital Health Career Scholarship Application
Lodi Community Hospital and its' Medical Staff offer eight $1,000 health career scholarships to local area students. The scholarships are available to (1) female and (1) male graduating high school senior per school from each of the following school districts: Black River, Buckeye, Cloverleaf and Northwestern. The graduating senior must be pursuing a career in any medical field at a four-year college or university.
http://www.akrongeneral.org/ Search term: scholarship
or call Lodi Community Hospital Administration at 330-948-5501.
Lorain-Medina Rural Electric Scholarship
Lorain-Medina Rural Electric Scholarship
College, vocational or technical school scholarship of $2,500. First place will be given for both a boys and girls division as well as runners-up in each division which will receive $1,500 scholarships. The scholarship is available to graduating high school seniors whose parents/guardians are members of the Lorain-Medina Rural Electric Cooperative and receiving electric at their primary residence from the Cooperative. The applications must have at least a 3.5 (on a 4.0 scale) cumulative grade poiint average or better.
22898 West Road
Wellington, OH 44090
Marilyn Cross Scholarship
Marilyn Cross Scholarship
The $2,000 scholarship is presented each year to an OEA member and career teacher enrolled in a graduate-level program directly linked to his/her current area of certification/licensure, and must demonstrate a need of financial assistance and a reasonable prediction of success in graduate work. The application deadline is January 12, 2015.
OEA Headquarters
Medina County Art League Continuing Art Education Scholarship Awards
Medina County Art League Continuing Art Education Scholarship Awards
$1000 First Place
$700 Second Place
$550 Third Place
$350 Honorable Mention
$200 Steinmetz Award
Eligibility: All Medina County graduating seniors who are continuing their art education in college (as a major or a minor) following graduation. Portfolio required.
Medina County Auditor
Medina County Auditor
The scholarship shall be awarded to a senior graduating from a vocational program at the Medina County Career Center or Wadsworth High School.
The scholarship shall be awarded on the basis of sincerity in furthering one's education, grades, student citizenship, and school/community involvement. Financial need will also be considered.
The amount of the scholarship shall be $500 to be used toward tuition, books or other school expenses. The money shall be paid directly to the student at the conclusion of their senior year when proof of acceptance and enrollment have been verified by the selection committee.
The scholarship must be used during the school year immediately following the award.
A transcript from the school must be provided with the application.
Medina County Bar Association Law Day Scholarship
Medina County Bar Association Law Day Scholarship
The Medina County Bar Association has announced its 2014 Law Day Scholarship Contest. A $4,000.00 one-time scholarship is available to one high school senior, residing in Medina County, Ohio, who writes an outstanding essay on the theme of Law Day 2014. Each applicant must reside in Medina County, Ohio but does not need to attend a high school located in Medina County.
This year's theme is "American Democracy and the Rule of Law: Why Every Vote Matters".
Medina County Board of Developmental Disabilites
Medina County Board of Developmental Disabilities
For the following scholarship details and application:
Continuing Education Donor Scholarship
2015 Deadline - The deadline for the 2015 scholarship applications is 4:00 pm on Tuesday, March 31, 2015.
Donor Scholarship
Medina County Farm Bureau Scholarship
Medina County Farm Bureau Scholarship
Applicants must be a member or be the dependent of a member of Medina County Farm Bureau, a senior in high school or enrolled at an institution of higher learning, and for most scholarships, the applicant must be planning to continue his/her education in an agricultural field of study. One $1000 and one $500 have been generally the awards in the past.
377 West Liberty Street
Wooster, OH 44691
Office Hours: Monday through Friday 8:00 am to 4:30 pm
For more scholarship details and applications:
Medina County Federal Credit Union - Multiple Scholarships
Bernard R. Spechalske Scholarship
$1000 for high school seniors (12th grade status).
Medina County Federal Credit Union Memorial Scholarship
$1000 for full-time students attending an institution of higher learning (college, trade school, etc.)
Medina General Hospital - multiple scholarships
Medina General Hospital - Multiple Scholarships
1000 E. Washington St.
Applications and information for the following scholarships are posted to the hospital website at: http://my.clevelandclinic.org/locations_directions/regional-locations/medina-hospital/news-events.aspx. Applications must be submitted and/or postmarked by March 15, 2014.
Medina Hospital Medical Staff Health Profession Scholarship
William and Ruth Kelly Scholarship
Medina Hospital Foundation and Medina Hospital Scholarship Program
Medina County Hibernian Scholarship Award
Medina County Hibernian Scholarship Award
Two $1000 scholarships, one to a girl and one to a boy, who are currently enrolled as a high school seniors and are residents of Medina County and who will be attending a higher-education facility in the fall of 2014. Essay required.
Applications available in guidance counselors' offices.
Medina County Retired Teachers Association (MCRTA)
Medina County Retired Teachers Association (MCRTA)
For graduates of Medina County, Ohio high schools who are majoring in education and will be a junior or senior in college. For 2015 there are two awards of $1000 each.
Inquires/replies: Medina County Retired Teachers Association (MCRTA)
Medina County Schools Educational Service Center – Multiple Scholarships
Medina County Schools' Educational Service Center
Delmar Graff Scholarship
Clarence H. Horn Scholarship
Harold A. and Louise C. White Scholarships
Margaret Ford and Lloyd K. Smucker Scholarship
Peter & Mary Galassi Scholarship and Franklin B. Walter All-Scholastic Award
Medina County Show Biz Company
Medina County Show Biz Company
Deadline is March 31, 2014.
General contact information:
Ohio Association of Career Colleges and Schools
The Ohio Association of Career Colleges and Schools
Over 220 scholarship opportunities ranging from $2,000 to $44,000 at participating career colleges and schools. The primary objective of these scholarships is to provide students with the education and training necessary to obtain a job in an Ohio business or industry. Must be an Ohio high school senior graduating from any Ohio high school by June, 2015. You need a "C" average or better to apply. Students do not have to demonstrate financial need. Applicants must be nominated by a current member of the Ohio Legislature.
Ohio Township Association
Ohio Township Association
Three $1500 scholarships for high school seniors. Student must live in one of Ohio's 1,308 townships. Scholarships are offered in two categories: Academic Achievement (one scholarship) and Local Government Achievement (two scholarships).
6500 Taylor Road, Suite A
Blacklick, OH 43004-8570
Phone: 614-863-0045
(This is not the address to which the application is mailed.)
Society for Handicapped Citizens
Society for Handicapped Citizens
H.O.P.E. Scholarship
The Sharon and Kristine Dunham Scholarship
Applications for these scholarships are available at the above website.
Stephen F. Joseph Memorial 4-H Scholarship
Stephen F. Joseph Memorial 4-H Scholarship
Amount: Up to $1000 annually, or more, for as long as funds are available to the students(s) who best meet the award criteria.
Selection criteria: Academic achievement, citizenship and community service, leadership, 4-H involvement.
Applicant must be a Medina County high school senior or college freshman. See website application below for further details.
Summa Wadsworth-Rittman Hospital – Multiple Scholarships
Evangeline Witzeman Nursing Scholarships
Two scholarships of up to $1000 each for area nursing students. Four scholarships of up to $1000 in the allied health field (further details regarding qualifying fields from sponsor) Subject to availability of funds.
To be eligible to apply, one must:
Call Marketing Communication at 330 331-1582 or 1-800 828-1789, extension 1583
Women's Network, Inc.
Judith A. Resnik Scholarship
A $1,000 scholarship will be awarded to a young woman graduating from a public or private high school in the greater Akron area. This scholarship is designated for a student accepted into a baccalaureate degree program in the physical sciences, engineering or mathematics at an accredited college or university. The $1,000 scholarship is renewable annually for a maximum of three years ($4,000).
Akron Community Foundation
345 West Cedar Street
Akron, Ohio 44307-2407
330 376-8522
fax: 330 376-0202


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Keeping the Pounds On: Causes of Unexplained Weight Loss
Amy Campbell
February 25, 2013
Our society is obsessed with weight, if you haven't noticed. More than two thirds of US adults are overweight or obese, there are more diet books published than we can count, and, of course, we have the privilege of watching shows like The Biggest Loser to help keep us in line. And according to government statistics, more than 85% of people with Type 2 diabetes are overweight. So it stands to reason that much of the focus of managing Type 2 diabetes is based on reaching and staying at a healthy weight.
It's important to note that thin people can get diabetes too, and not just Type 1 diabetes. In a 2008 study published in the journal Diabetes Care, adults age 60 to 79 years old with a body-mass index (BMI) of less than 18.5 (which is considered to be underweight) were 30% more likely to get Type 2 diabetes than adults with a "normal" BMI of 18.5 to 24.9. In a society where being thin equates with beauty, youth, intelligence, and success, there is often little sympathy or patience for people who are too thin and who desperately want to gain weight.
If you've struggled with losing weight and keeping it off, you know all too well how challenging that can be. People who want to gain weight often face the same kind of battle. And to have diabetes on top of that can make it doubly difficult.
First things first: identify the cause
Next, focus on your diabetes: uncontrolled diabetes, evidenced by constant high blood glucose levels and a high A1C level, can cause you to shed pounds and make it virtually impossible to gain weight. Why? Glucose levels that remain high for a while signal insufficient amounts of insulin, whether injected or made by your pancreas. When there isn't enough insulin around, glucose stays in your blood and can't get to your cells to be used for energy. The body needs fuel from somewhere, so in the absence of glucose, it starts to burn fat and muscle (burning fat can be good, burning muscle not so much).
So, if you've lost weight and/or are unable to gain weight AND your blood glucose levels have been running high, your first goal is to focus on getting your diabetes under better control. Doing so may mean starting on medicine (including, possibly, insulin), adding a different type of medicine to your regimen, and/or increasing the dose of a diabetes medicine that you're already taking. And, of course, meal planning and physical activity work with your diabetes medicine to help you manage your diabetes, as well. In many cases, you may regain the lost weight once your blood glucose levels are reigned in.
Another possible cause of weight loss may be some of the medicines that you take. While the effect of medicine on weight is often very individualized, certain medicines could possibly affect your weight including the following:
• Sedatives (diazepam [brand name Valium and others])
Diabetes medicines aren't off the hook as far as weight loss goes, either. One example is metformin, a drug commonly used to help manage Type 2 diabetes. Metformin works by lowering the amount of glucose produced by the liver, decreasing absorption of glucose in the intestines, and increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin. Some people who start taking metformin end up losing weight, likely due to several reasons: Metformin can blunt the appetite, and initially, may cause nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea (symptoms not exactly conducive to eating).
GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as exenatide (Byetta), liraglutide (Victoza), and exenatide extended-release (Bydureon) are non-insulin injectable medicines that work in several ways to help lower blood glucose: They slow the release of glucose from the liver, they slow the emptying of the stomach after eating, and they help you eat less by making you feel more full. As a result, many people who start on these medicines lose weight — obviously beneficial for someone trying to lose weight, but perhaps not so much for someone who needs to gain or at least maintain their weight.
If you have questions about side effects of any of the medicines that you take, ask your pharmacist or your health-care provider.
Next week: steps to take to help you gain weight
Thanks, Amy, for giving us lightweights some recognition. As my A1c entered the prediabetes range, my endo put me on metformin HCL 500mg 4/day. I have since cut back to 3/day. With my decreased appetite, I lost about 7 lbs. I began drinking high (whey) protein mixed in skimmed milk at least once daily. I regained about 5 of the lbs. Recently, I was hit with intestinal flu and really bad diarrhea. Lost all the weight and down to 108.2! Am gradually working to get it back on, but it doesn't go on quickly. Have lost muscle mass and know that I should be doing some light weight training. Down to size 2 from a 4. I am almost 69 and in good physical shape, walk almost daily, and move a lot. I noticed when I worked in long-term care and with my own mother, when elderly drop a lot of weight, it is really difficult to regain. Decreased appetitite along with taste and smell may be part of the reason. Have had lab work done, saw my doc and nothing appears out of line. Any other tips for gaining. I eat several small meals a day and can't hold as much food as I did when I was younger. Thanks, Amy. I really enjoy your column. Carol T.
Posted by: Carol T | Feb 28, 2013 08:40 AM
Hi Carol, It certainly can be hard to gain weight. Often, the first step is to stop losing weight, which hopefully you've done. It's good that you're eating several small meals each day. Make the most of these meals: Add a fat source whenever you can, such as oil, avocado, nuts, or seeds. These will add a lot of calories in a small volume. Since you did well with the whey protein, consider going back to that, except add it to whole milk rather than skim milk. Another option is to try a nutritional supplement like Glucerna, Ensure, or Boost. These do contain carbohydrate, but the priority seems to be gaining weight at this time; if need be, your metformin could always be increased. Also, it's important to try and rebuild some of your muscle mass, as you mentioned. Small hand weights or a resistance band can be helpful.
Posted by: acampbell | Mar 12, 2013 09:00 AM
hi, I had been type 2 from last one n half yr.i lost weight now my BMI os 17.9,i wanted to gain some wt. right now my wght is 43kg and my A1c is 7.6,I am taking metformin 1000 for one day.plz tell me wht to do i regularlly do walk too.
Posted by: zubaida | Oct 17, 2014 10:39 AM
hello im like carol my doctor put me on 4 metformins 4 glizipide im losing weight lost about 20 something lbs very concerned losing it didnt my blood sugar in fact its mostly200 or over id like to gain a few lbs its hard to do ,try dont know what foods to eat i stopped 2 metformins got gassy from them hated them ,can high uncobtrolled blood sugar cause rapid weight loss
Posted by: roseann | Oct 29, 2014 02:03 PM
Hi roseann, Sometimes people lose weight when they take metformin — this is considered to be a "side effect" of this drug. However, if you've stopped taking metformin, that can lead to higher blood sugars. It's generally not a good idea to stop any medication without checking with your doctor first. Metformin can cause gassiness, but this symptom usually disappears after a week or two. Constant high blood sugars can lead to weight loss because your body isn't able to use glucose properly for energy. As a result, you end up excreting glucose (calories) in your urine. It's important that you let your doctor know that you've stopped the metformin and that your blood sugars are running over 200. Talk to him about either taking a lower dose of metformin and gradually increasing the dose, or another type of medicine to help lower your blood sugars.
Posted by: A. Campbell | Oct 29, 2014 06:09 PM
Hi zubaida, First, talk with your doctor about your weight and make sure that there is no other reason for your weight loss, such as an illness or stress, for example. Second, try to meet with a dietitian who can review your diet with you and make sure that you're taking in enough calories. Aim to eat at least three meals each day and include small snacks in between meals. Figure out ways to add more calories to your eating plan without adding too much carbohydrate (bread, pasta, rice), which will raise blood sugar levels. Use more oil, butter, or margarine on your foods. Snack on foods like peanut butter, cheese, or nuts. Look for liquid supplements that are controlled in carbohydrate, such as Glucerna Hunger Smart or Boost Glucose Control.
Posted by: A. Campbell | Oct 29, 2014 05:49 PM
Disclaimer of Medical Advice:You understand that the blogs posts and comments to such blog posts (whether posted by us, our agents, bloggers, or by users) do not constitute medical advice or recommendation of any kind and you should not rely on any information contained on such posts or comments to replace consultations with your qualified health care professionals to meet your individual needs. The opinions and other information contained in the blog posts and comments do not reflect the opinions or positions of the Site Proprietor.


text: Cindy Hill - You Tube [ Cindy Hill Decisions Raises Concern Among Education Employees By Associated Press January 30, 2014 Department Director Richard Crandall says some employees were crying when they heard the news Tuesday. Read More|Comment Category: Associated Press, Education, Wyoming News Tags: Cindy Hill, education, legislature, Matt Mead, SF 104, supreme court Send to a friend! Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr!


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Today was Lacey's first day of school. She had been accepted to this really nice pre-school for arts and all of that stuff. Ali had taken her school shopping earlier in the week. She looked so cute with little ribbons in her hair and the prettiest dress. She's going to be such a 'heartbreaker'. The three of us took her together and watched as she went into the class. She gave each of us a hug, kiss, and a "Bye Mommy!". I could lie and say that we all didn't tear up with that, but I think its an important fact to be noted. A tiny part of me wanted her to do that first day of school thing and come running back to us begging us to take her home. I should have known better because if Lacey is anything, its independent. We watched from a little window beside the door as she just walked inside and put her Little Mermaid bookbag with the pink tin lunchbox inside her little cubby. I have to be the bragging "parent" for just a second now, but I noticed that she was one of two kids that didn't have to ask which cubby was hers because she could already read her name -beams-. That's our little girl.
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Favorite Song: Feeling Good.
"It's a new dawn
It's a new day
It's a new life
For me
And I'm feeling good"
Those are the lyrics that got me to start preferring the song "Feeling good" over the rest of Nina Simone's "I Put A Spell On You Album". Feeling good, originally written by Leslie Bricusse and Anthony Newley for the 1965 musical "The Roar Of The Greasepaint – The Smell Of The Crowd" that debuted on Broadway.
Nina does something special to this song; she takes the lyrics and adds new meaning to them. She pours into them her story, her history and her definition, and you know she's "Feeling Good". For me this is that track that you listen to right before you get on the subway, so you know that everyone else knows by the complacent look on your face and the smooth head bop you got going on, that this day is a new chance and you're not afraid to feel good about it.
It builds you up, and I mean really builds you up. Ok, that wasn't very descriptive but think of it as this, you got into a car crash a week before, completely totaling your car and putting you nerves into a frenzy. This song is that one week anniversary moment, you've gotten a new car, and it's time to go to work, you start your car shaking from nerves, reverse out your driveway, and pull onto the main road, and BOOM! It hits you, you've got the confidence to push forward, and you've got a hold on things again. There are parts of the song where there's hesitation similar to merging lanes, but as the song prevails with the pitch building up and the instruments you get to work safely. You've got this feeling as the song ends, like not only can you handle the situation; you have handled the situation and done it well. As we get to the end of the song we look at the last chorus and the last two lines in the bottom stanza go " Oh freedom is mine and I know how I feel". That just about hits the nail on the head, saying, ok this one's for me, I'm allowed to be content, everyone else can know, but what's important is that I'm feeling good.


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This article will cover information on Prolotherapy including general questions on Prolotherapy treatments, side effects and research.
- Prolotherapy is a regenerative injection treatment used to repair incomplete healing of the ligament and tendons.
- Prolotherapy is considered a viable alternative to surgery, as an option to pain medications and anti-inflammatory injections such as cortisone and other steroidal injections in instances of joint instability and osteoarthritis.
- Prolotherapy is considered a safe, affordable option that allows the patient to keep working and/or training during treatment.
Prolotherapy for Incomplete Healing of Ligament and Tendon Injury and Cartilage Regeneration
Most athletic injuries or work related wear and tear involve strains and sprains to tendons and ligaments, respectively. A tendon attaches a muscle to the bone and involves movement of the joint. A ligament connects two bones and is involved in the stability of the joint. A strain is defined as a stretched or injured tendon. A sprain is a stretched or injured ligament. Once a body structure is injured, the immune system is stimulated to repair the injured area. Because ligaments and tendons generally have a poor blood supply, incomplete healing is common after injury.
This incomplete healing results in decreased strength of the area. The ligaments and tendons are normally taut, strong bands of fibrous or connective tissue but, because of injury, become relaxed and weak. The injured ligament or tendon then becomes the source of chronic pain and weakness for the athlete.
Ligaments and tendons are also more prone to injury because of the natural aging process. The water content in our joints and connective tissues (ligaments and tendons) decreases with age, the articular cartilage (which lines the joints) gets brittle and shrinks.
Cartilage is so vital, especially in weight-bearing joints like the knee, because it causes an even force to be generated at the underlying bone. It also causes the force generated on the bone to be less. When cartilage is degenerated, the force to the bone is greater and uneven and arthritis develops. Since cartilage decreases the force inside the joint, it becomes obvious that as cartilage deteriorates as we age, other structures are going to have to bear this force. Since tendons move the joints and ligaments stabilize the joints, it is primarily these soft tissue structures that are involved. Because ligaments stabilize the joints, a weakening of these structures causes a further force to the bones of the joints. This increased force hastens the arthritic process.
Finding the source of your joint pain
The greatest stresses to the ligaments and tendons are where they attach to the bone, the fibro-osseous junction. The most sensitive structures that produce pain are the periosteum (covering of the bone) and the ligaments. It is important to note that in the scale of pain sensitivity (which part of the body hurts more when injured), Research notes that the periosteum ranks first, followed by ligaments, tendons, fascia (the connective tissue that surrounds muscle), and finally muscle.1
Articular cartilage contains no sensory nerve endings. If you are told that your cartilage is the cause of your pain, that is not possible and is, actually, quite ridiculous. The cartilage cannot hurt because there are no sensory nerves to sense pain located in the cartilage. If there is cartilage damage, what hurts? The ligaments are typically the structures that hurt. Ligaments are weakest where they attach to bone. The periosteum is the most sensitive area to pain and the ligaments second. It is now easy to understand why this area hurts so much. This is where the Prolotherapy injections occur and thus eliminate the chronic pain of many conditions including arthritis, mechanical low back pain, Degenerative Disc Disease, cartilage injury, and, of course, sports injuries.
The ideal Prolotherapy candidate has the following:
- Pain originating from a ligament or tendon
- Strong immune system
- Willingness to improve and receive follow-up visits
- Healthy diet
- Positive mental outlook
Prolotherapy as a Ligament and Tendon Tear Treatment
Prolotherapy technique involves the injection of a proliferant (a mild irritant solution) that causes an inflammatory response which "turns on" the healing process. The growth of new ligament and tendon tissue is then stimulated. The ligaments and tendons produced after Prolotherapy appear much the same as normal tissues, except that they are thicker, stronger, and contain fibers of varying thickness, testifying to the new and ongoing creation of tissue.
Because ligaments and tendons generally have a poor blood supply, incomplete healing is common after injury.
In our peer-reviewed research published in October 2014 - the scientific and clinic basis of the use of Prolotherapy in repairing ligaments and tendons are discussed with numerous citations – you can download this article as Free Access Prolotherapy Research Ligaments and Tendon Repair
This incomplete healing results in these normally taut, strong bands of fibrous or connective tissue becoming relaxed and weak. The relaxed and inefficient ligament or tendon then becomes the source of chronic pain and weakness.
Understanding your pain generators
- The greatest stresses to the ligaments and tendons are where they attach to the bone, the fibro-osseous junction.
- The most sensitive structures that produce pain are the periosteum (covering of the bone) and the ligaments. It is important to note that in the scale of pain sensitivity (which part of the body hurts more when injured), the periosteum ranks first, followed by ligaments, tendons, fascia (the connective tissue that surrounds muscle), and finally muscle.
- Cartilage contains no sensory nerve endings. If you are told that your cartilage is the cause of your pain, you have been misinformed; the cartilage cannot hurt because they contain no pain sensing nerves. If there is cartilage damage, the ligaments are typically the structures that hurt.
Prolotherapy Treatment Goals
- Function Is the patient's ability to function in activities of daily living improved? Is the patient able to perform previously painful activities without pain? Is the person able to do things that he/she could not do prior to Prolotherapy?Patients are typically advised to continue to receive Prolotherapy treatments until able to stably perform that certain function pain and cracking-free. For example, if a patient can nowclimb two flights of stairs without knee pain after Prolotherapy, whereas prior to the Prolotherapy this would cause excruciating pain, then we know that Prolotherapy is helping improve function.
- Strength Ligament and tendon injury may cause muscle strength to decline. When a person receives Prolotherapy, one of the noticeable effects of the treatment is that strength improves in the injected areas.
- Pain Pain is one of the most common reasons patients receive Prolotherapy. Thus, a noticeable decrease in pain shows the benefit of successful Prolotherapy.
- Stiffness Patients commonly experience stiffness upon morning rising or after performing a certain activity. This stiffness is commonly felt in the lower back or neck, but could involve any area of the body. A great sign that Prolotherapy is working is that stiffness has subsided. Once Prolotherapy helps stabilize the area involved, the muscles no longer have to provide this stability so they relax. Once they relax, the stiffness subsides.
- Physical Examination An experienced Prolotherapy doctor should be able to assess whether the Prolotherapy is working by simple physical examination. The physician can also listen for crepitation or crunching in the joints which can often be audibly heard by moving the joint. The joint that doesn't crunch is also improving. X-rays and MRIs are poor indicators that Prolotherapy is working, the reason being that most ligaments do not show up well on these tests. Some improvements from Prolotherapy can be seen with x-rays and MRI's, but it isn't always necessary or advantageous to rely solely on those indicators due to their high incidence of inaccuracies.
Are there times when Prolotherapy results are not satisfactory?
Just like with other medical procedures, Prolotherapy is a specialty. If you are looking into getting Prolotherapy, you first want to make sure that the Prolotherapy doctor in experienced in the Comprehensive Prolotherapy procedure and has successfully treated cases like yours. Someone who receives Prolotherapy does so with the hope of achieving complete pain relief. Most people are very happy that they received Prolotherapy. There are several options available to the person who has a less than optimal results with Prolotherapy. They could quit Prolotherapy – but what are the other options? Typically, the patients are offered a lifetime of pain, a lifetime of anti-inflammatories with all their side effects, cortisone shots, or various surgical operations. At Caring Medical, we work with patients to dig deeper into why they are not healing. It could be as simple as the prior Prolotherapy doctors' technique was to give minimal injections and they did not receive enough Prolotherapy injections to the area. If that is the case, it may be worth coming to Caring Medical. The same goes for patients who did not receive a strong enough Prolotherapy solution. We know what typically works best to get a patient a better Prolotherapy response. If you are not happy with your Prolotherapy results, a better approach is to seek another Prolotherapy specialist and get another opinion on your case. Sometimes a fresh look and a slightly different approach is all that is needed. In our office, it is common for us to get various referrals from other Prolotherapy doctors and have some of their patients see us.
Prolotherapy for Knee Pain
In this study, Caring Medical doctors investigated Prolotherapy in patients with unresolved knee pain at a charity clinic in rural Illinois. Eighty patients, representing a total of 119 knees, were treated quarterly with Prolotherapy. On average, 15 months following their last Prolotherapy session, patients were contacted and asked numerous questions in regard to their levels of pain and a variety of physical and psychological symptoms, as well as activities of daily living, before and after their last Prolotherapy treatment. The results of this study showed that patients had:
- Statistically significant decline in their level of pain, stiffness, crunching sensation, and improvement in their range of motion with Prolotherapy.
- More than 82% showed improvements in walking ability, medication usage, athletic ability, anxiety, depression, and overall disability with Prolotherapy.
- Ninety-six percent of patients felt Prolotherapy improved their life overall. 3
Other researchers have shown that Prolotherapy injections resulted in safe and substantial improvement in quality of life in knee osteoarthritis patients.4 Prolotherapy resulted in clinically meaningful sustained improvement of pain, function, and stiffness scores for knee osteoarthritis compared with blinded saline injections and at-home exercises.5 In Caring Medical research, Dr. Hauser was able to document articular cartilage regeneration.6
In patients with symptoms of anterior cruciate ligament laxity and weakness, intermittent Prolotherapy injections resulted in clinically and statistically significant improvement in pain, swelling, and knee range of motion.7
Main page> Prolotherapy for knee pain Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL), Articular Cartilage Tears, Baker's Cyst, Chondromalacia Patella, Collateral Ligament Injuries, Knee Tendon Bursitis, Meniscal Tears, Osteoarthritis, Osteochondritis Dissecans, Patellar Tendinitis, Patellar Tendon Tear, Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Runner's Knee (Patellofemoral Pain)
Prolotherapy and PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) Injections for Knee Pain
Comprehensive Prolotherapy is an injection technique utilizing many healing factors. They can include or be used in conjunction with Dextrose, Blood Platelets, and stem cell injection therapy. The stem cells and blood platelets are drawn from the patient. In research, PRP by itself has been shown to be a remarkable treatment for knee osteoarthritis. However, other research points out that PRP's effects may not be long lasting or beyond six months.8 At Caring Medical we developed comprehensive Prolotherapy and inject the supportive structures of the knee with dextrose Prolotherapy and other growth factors. Simply, while PRP can address and repair damaged cartilage, it is not addressing the ligament and tendon weakness that contributed to the cartilage deterioration. Comprehensive Prolotherapy seeks to repair the entire knee.
Prolotherapy and Stem Cell Therapy for Knee Pain
In this study, Caring Medical doctors examined the use of a simple, cost-effective regenerative treatment using direct injection of bone marrow stem cells into osteoarthritic joints in combination with dextrose Prolotherapy. Seven patients with hip, knee or ankle osteoarthritis received two to seven treatments over a period of two to twelve months. All patients reported improvements with respect to pain, as well as gains in functionality and quality of life. Three patients, including two whose progress under other therapy had plateaued or reversed, achieved complete or near-complete symptomatic relief, and two additional patients achieved resumption of vigorous exercise.9
Prolotherapy for Back Pain
Caring Medical patients are often surprised to learn that Prolotherapy can heal most disc problems in neck and back. While we talk about Prolotherapy healing joint pain that results from ligament and tendon injuries, most people are unaware that disc problems results from ligament injuries or instability along the spine. Patients with degenerative disc disease,herniated discs, bulging discs, bone on bone, etc can all be healed with Prolotherapy. Prolotherapy works to stabilize the ligaments of the spine allowing discs to get back into position and can even create space to a person who has lost space due to one or more degenerated disc. In Prolotherapy research from the doctors of Caring Medical, patients with more than four years of unresolved low back pain were shown to have had their pain improved, stiffness, range of motion, and quality of life measures even 12 months subsequent to their last Prolotherapy session. 10
Prolotherapy for Shoulder Pain
In published research from Caring Medical doctors, The optimal long-term, symptomatic therapy for chronic shoulder pain has not been established. Accordingly, we investigated the outcomes of patients undergoing Hackett-Hemwall dextrose Prolotherapy treatment for unresolved shoulder pain at a charity clinic in rural Illinois. We studied a sample of 94 patients with an average of 53 months of unresolved shoulder pain that were treated quarterly with Prolotherapy. An average of 20 months following their last Prolotherapy session, patients were contacted and asked numerous questions in regard to their levels of pain and a variety of physical and psychological symptoms, as well as activities of daily living, before and after their last Prolotherapy treatment. The results of this study showed that patients had a statistically significant decline in their level of pain, stiffness, and crunching sensations (crepitation).
How many Prolotherapy injections are given at each treatment?
Most people do not want to receive a lot of injections. Injections hurt. However, if you want to achieve a curative result with Prolotherapy, your Prolotherapy doctor must take a comprehensive approach and give you alot of injections. Every area of your body must be treated that is causing pain. Thus, Comprehensive Prolotherapy involves
- Injecting all of the injured structures (IE not just the joint, but also the surrounding support structures)
- Using a strong enough proliferant (Prolotherapy solution)
If you go to a Prolotherapy doctor who only give you two or three shots, it is highly likely you will not get better. Most people understand conceptually that if you injure a structure in a joint that over time that injury will affect all the structures of the joint. Most patients come to see a Prolotherapy doctor after having pain for at least several years. What may have started out as a simple ligament sprain, after 3-6 years is now a total joint problem. All the structures of the joint and around the joint (or at least the majority of them) must be treated with Prolotherapy to completely alleviate the pain. Some Prolotherapy doctors only provide 1-3 injections. Often patients who receive this type of Prolotherapy will eventually seek out a doctor who provides Comprehensive Prolotherapy. While in the most technical sense, the patient did receive Prolotherapy, it may not be effective. To be effective, the Prolotherapy doctor must do the following:
- Stimulate all the structures that are injured to heal.
- Use enough solution per structure to induce a sufficient healing reaction.
- Use a strong enough solution per structure to induce a sufficient healing reaction.
- Help the person obtain maximum health if their health is not good.
- Assist the person in getting off medications, supplements, or traditional hormones (like birth control pills) that inhibit healing.
The effectiveness of Prolotherapy
The effectiveness of Prolotherapy does depend upon the technique of the individual doctor, as well as the overall health and dedication of the patient to encourage the healing process after each treatment. For the patient who has localized areas of pain or the person who has had a recent injury from an accident, Prolotherapy is a very effective treatment to strengthen those specific areas and eliminate the pain. Realize, however, that Prolotherapy starts the growth of new healthy, strong tissue. Your body–your own immune system–grows the tissue. For the person who has terrible digestion, chronic fatigue, irritable bowel; and a host of other chronic nutritional, hormonal, allergic problems, these deficiencies and illnesses should be corrected so the body will be able to respond to Prolotherapy.
Can Prolotherapy help you?
1. Kayfetz, D. Occipital-cervical (whiplash) Injuries treated by Prolotherapy. Medical Trial Technique Quarterly, June, 1963, p. 9-29.)
2. Low back pain research: Steindler A, Luck JV. Differential diagnosis of pain low in the back JAMA. 1938;110(2):106-113. doi:10.1001/jama.1938.02790020020007.
3. Hauser RA, Hauser MA. A Retrospective Study on Dextrose Prolotherapy for Unresolved Knee Pain at an Outpatient Charity Clinic in Rural Illinois Journal of Prolotherapy. 2009;1(1):11-21.
4. Rabago D et al. Association between disease-specific quality of life and magnetic resonance imaging outcomes in a clinical trial of prolotherapy for knee osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Nov;94(11):2075-82. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.06.025. Epub 2013 Jul 10.
5. Rabago D. et al. Dextrose prolotherapy for knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Fam Med. 2013 May-Jun;11(3):229-37. doi: 10.1370/afm.1504.
6. Hauser RA. The Regeneration of Articular Cartilage with Prolotherapy. Journal of Prolotherapy. 2009;1:39-44.
7. Reeves KD, Hassanein KM. Long-term effects of dextrose prolotherapy for anterior cruciate ligament laxity. Altern Ther Health Med. 2003 May-Jun;9(3):58-62.
8. Khoshbin A, Leroux T, Wasserstein D, Marks P, Theodoropoulos J, Ogilvie-Harris D, Gandhi R, Takhar K, Lum G, Chahal J. The efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review with quantitative synthesis. Arthroscopy. 2013 Dec;29(12):2037-48. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2013.09.006.
9. Stem Cell Therapy and Prolotherapy research Hauser RA, Orlofsky A. Regenerative injection therapy with whole bone marrow aspirate for degenerative joint disease: a case series. Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord. 2013 Sep 4;6:65-72. doi:
10.4137/CMAMD.S10951. eCollection 2013. 10. Hauser RA, Hauser MA Dextrose Prolotherapy for Unresolved Low Back Pain: A Retrospective Case Series Study Journal of Prolotherapy. 2009;3:145-155.


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