text:
- Aerial Photography CUSTOM UAV AR
- Auto Pilot Controller
- Battery & Balance Charger
- Carbon fiber parts & fasteners
- Cinematography & UAS Rentals
- Multicopter Propeller
- RTF ready to play kits
- Transmitter & Receiver
- Multi Rotor Products & Parts
- WHolesale
- Specials ...
- New Products ...
- Featured Products ...
- All Products ...
Featured [more]
Product Details
-- Size::700 × 700 × 320mm - Spread size::1010 × 1010 × 320mm - Folding size::D160 × 560mm - Wheelbase:700mm - Propeller:Lotus 1260 ABS Propeller or 3K Carbon fiber Propeller - BAttery:LiPo 4S 10000mAh 20C(purchase separatly) - Weight:1610g - Take off weight:4S 10000mAh 1P battery and receiver 2390g - effctive dowanload:DV/ camera≤700 g - Max lift capacity: 7000g (when use standard battery) - Max effictive capacity:≤1200g(when use standard battery) - Max flight weight:3000g(Standard battery) Test data: - Flying time:10-15 minutes( 4S 4250mAh 1P battery ,receiver) - Flying time: 25-30 Minutes(4S 10000mAh 1p battery ,receiver) - Wind resistance:<5 grade The Zero UAV YS-X6 autopilot is a tremendous flight controller system for multi-rotor aircraft supporting Android/IOS and PC systems, providing excellent auto-navigation, target lock, self-leveling and position/altitude holding. It is designed for both professional and hobby applications in commercial and industrial platforms. YS-X6 adopts ARM+FPGA classic structure, integrates high-precision sensor elements, applies advanced temperature compensation & industrial attitude arithmetic and features an ultra-fast 400MHz refresh rate to make the system more stable, efficient and reliable. Featuring a robust design with military rank hardware and a rich expansion interface to offer future upgrades, the YS-X6 means business! ZeroUAV has been deeply involved in UAV for more than 7 years and their UAV controller is the standard device for the China National Mapping Bureau. This system is the real deal! Unlike the competition, the YS-X6 offers 4 way points as standard, 8 channels for ESCs, 3 channels for pan-tilt, 8 channels for radio RX, supports S.BUS, and provides 3 communication ports. It's a totally versatile flight controller and autopilot device that can't be beat! Features: Ultra precise altitude and GPS position hold The YS-X6M offers unbeatable, high precision altitude and GPS position holding making your multi-rotor flight safe and worry free. Now, you can forget about flying and focus solely on getting the best aerial shots using your onboard camera. Ground station based on IOS and Android YS-X6 is equipped with a WIFI module to connect to your ground station. You can use any Android or IOS based smartphone or tablet to control all the features of your multi-rotor's autonomous flight. You can get live telemetry for all of the significant flight statistics. You no longer need to carry a heavy notebook computer with you to fly your multi-rotor camera rig. Save money by using your existing iphone or andriod based smartphone to operate the feature packed, easy to use ground station software and all of its functions. The average range for the standard WiFi link is 300-500m, which is enough for most applications, but if you need a longer range, simply add a pair of data radios (sold separately) and get 5km range instantly. *Optional data radios coming soon. Auto take-off and landing Anyone can fly multi-rotors safely now using the supplied, easy to use touch, click, drag and go Flight Controls in the supplied GCS software that runs on your smartphone. With this feature, your phone is all you need to fly your multirotor with strong Altitude Hold, GPS Position hold, Return to Home and Auto-Landing features. Click and go Click any point on the Google Earth map on your ground station based smartphone or tablet and the YS-X6 will get your multi-rotor there. Auto Tracking With a GPS enabled mobile phone or any other IOS or Android GPS enabled device, YS-X6 can track the device and allow your multi-rotor follow it. Now if the device is in your pocket, you can keep your multi-rotor following you in the air like a faithful puppy. Specs: Operating voltage: 3.7~22.2V (no UBEC is required) Dimensions; MC: 92x61x18mm MU: 48.5x40.5x22mm GPS/Compass:55x11mm 2.4ghz WiFi unit: 65x40x14.5mm Weight (w/all components): Aprox. 212grams Way points: 4 Programmable as standard (Upgradeable) Hover precision (Hover Automatically under GPS mode): Vertical Direction: 0.5m Horizontal direction: 2m Wind resistance: - 8m/s(17.9mph/28.2km/h) Maximum Tail Rudder angular velocity: 180degree/Sec Maximum Tilt Angle: 25 Maximum Climb Rate: 4M/S Maximum Descent Speed: 4M/S Inlcuded in box: 1x Main Controller 1x IMU 1x GPS/Compass 1x 2.4ghz WiFi 1x Damper Pad Wires/Cable Serial 9 cable
Product Attributes
- Model: LRT700ARF-YS-X6
- Shipping Weight: 40lbs
- 50 Units in Stock
- Manufactured by: Lotus RC
This product was added to our catalog on Wednesday 27 March, 2013.
Designed by BlingThemes
Quick Message
Keep your PROPS OFF not installed until you are fully conversant/understand in full the functions of your Tx in full including TRAV (end Points), the arm and disarm procedures - realise that for a noob skiping or out-of-order set-up steps or moving sticks, or even static - PROPS may start at anytime without warning. Never install props prior to calibration of the ESC and testing the gyro orientation, and arm/disarm testing of the board - YOU are responsible - make sure your actions and your Copter is safe. Never ASSUME the props will not start - removing the props removes the risk.


text:
Printed iPhone 5/5S case
Measurements: Body length 2¼", height 5", width ¼"
Material: Plastic
Brand: Uncommon
Origin: Imported
Safeguard your iPhone, iPod, iPad, and laptop in style with this lineup of custom cases from Uncommon. Founded in 2009, the brand takes personalization to the next level — dressing up your favorite gadgets with sleek, durable, and creative designs by brands like Paul Frank, Free City, and Birdie. Uncommon combines revolutionary technology and the talents of some of the world's best artists and design labels to ensure that your favorite portable electronics can avoid potential injuries as stylishly as possible.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Just a month before the official Galaxy Nexus release, Samsung has launched the Galaxy Player, an Android media player that's meant to give iPod Touch owners an alternative for entertainment on the road.
People are very used to seeing Android powering devices such as tablets, smartphones and netbooks. Here comes a new gadget released by Samsung that is meant to pull some iPod users to the Android side.
The Samsung Galaxy Player 5.0 is a WiFi gadget that enables people to take their media everywhere they go and enjoy a movie when on the road. You might mistake the Samsung Galaxy Player for a smartphone at first, it certainly looks a lot like one. There is however one small hint that might give it away. The Galaxy Player has been equipped with a 5-inch screen that will allow you to watch a movie in style while you're on the road.
The Samsung Galaxy Player 5.0 is meant to compete with the iPod Touch and you will see below some of its main features and reasoning behind this statement.
Samsung Galaxy Player 5.0 Build
The Samsung Galaxy Player 5.0 looks a lot like the Galaxy S smartphone. In fact you might mistake it for one at first. There's a huge 5-inch screen that will capture your attention when you first see this device. Below the screen there are three capacitive buttons and on the bottom of the device, an empty SD card slot.
Near the SD Card slot, you'll also find the Micro USB and headphone jack to connect the white headphone set, coming with the Galaxy Player.
The back of the Galaxy Player looks pretty cool, as its covered with a white plastic case where you can spot the two speakers for stereo sound and a camera with LED flash.
All in all, the Galaxy Player's build is very elegant and the device itself could easily be mistaken for the Galaxy S. The fact that it's slightly bigger in comparison to its sibling gives it away.
Samsung Galaxy Player 5.0 Hardware
Under the hood you'll be able to find a Hummingbird 1GHz processor and 8GB of storage. It is not much but you'll be able to carry around with you some of your music, videos or movies while you're travelling. The good news is that you don't have to settle for the 8GB. There's the empty SD card slot right there for some extra space and you can stick one in there anytime. Unfortunately, the LCD screen the Galaxy Player 5.0 has been equipped with is not an AMOLED, as you might hope when you first see it. It comes with a 800 x 480 resolution and pretty good clarity and crisp images that you can enjoy anytime.
Samsung's Galaxy Player has also been equipped with a 3.2 megapixel camera and runs on Android Gingerbread, enabling you to download apps from the Android market to further improve its capabilities.
There is also a 2500mAh battery powering this device that will last you a good number of hours when your browsing the Internet and quite a bit less if you're constantly watching movies or playing games on it.
Samsung Galaxy Player 5.0 Software
So we've already noticed the Android Gingerbread running on the Galaxy Player and we know its power. Further more, we can discover the TouchWiz interface coming with the Galaxy devices from Samsung, leading to a smooth overall experience.
Aside from the Android Market place where you can find all the Android apps you use on your smartphone, there are also the Samsung apps. You can find Samsung apps very useful for all your portable media. There're are custom Samsung apps for video, music and camera which make for a nice addition to the Android apps we all know and use regularly on smartphones. There's also a custom file manager and links to Samsung approved app downloads.
All in all, the Samsung Galaxy Player leads to a pretty smooth experience with Gingerbread and the TouchWiz interface.
Samsung Galaxy Player 5.0 Media Capabilities
The Samsung custom apps for both music and video are pretty decent and will do their job well in most formats. On the down side, problems arise when playing HD videos or .MOV files on this Samsung media player. Not that it won't play a 720p video from time to time, but it won't be a enjoyable experience. On the plus side, Samsung's music player app does it's job very well and is easily controllable from the lock screen and the notification bar. The speakers are pretty loud and will do a decent job in movies and music alike.
The downside to the Galaxy Player could be considered the 1Ghz processor which will only be enough for light gaming and XVID movies. When playing Flash or HD videos you might notice some slowing down and stuttering and that's not something you want in a quality media player.
The Samsung Galaxy Player will do a decent job if you're an average user. If you want heavy duty, you'd better look somewhere else as this won't be enough.
The Samsung Galaxy Player 5.0 is currently priced at $270. The price is pretty high, and the Android version of the iPod Touch could be in trouble because of it. What you get is a crisp and clear image on a 5-inch screen, decent video playback, a couple of loud speakers for music and the TouchWiz with custom Samsung apps.
The down side is a slow processor that won't playback HD videos or Flash the right way and a high price (currently). Right now it costs a bit more than the Kindle Fire, a tablet that you might want to consider until Galaxy Player's price drops.
It is a great media player for the average user but if you'd like to try it out for yourself, you might want to wait a while until its price drops a bit.


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I/P Engine, Inc. v. AOL, Inc. et al
Filing 827
Declaration re 826 Memorandum in Support of Jeffrey K. Sherwood by I/P Engine, Inc.. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit PDX442 and PDX443)(Sherwood, Jeffrey)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA NORFOLK DIVISION __________________________________________ ) ) ) Plaintiff, ) v. ) ) AOL, INC. et al., ) ) Defendants. ) __________________________________________) I/P ENGINE, INC., Civ. Action No. 2:11-cv-512 DECLARATION OF JEFFREY K. SHERWOOD IN SUPPORT OF I/P ENGINE INC.'S MOTION FOR A NEW TRIAL ON THE DOLLAR AMOUNT OF PAST DAMAGES I, Jeffrey K. Sherwood, declare as follows: 1. I am a partner with the law firm of Dickstein Shapiro LLP, 1825 Eye Street N.W., Washington, DC 20006 and am counsel for Plaintiff I/P Engine, Inc. ("I/P Engine") in the abovecaptioned litigation. I have personal knowledge of the facts stated herein. 2. I proposed using one of the attached demonstratives (labeled PDX442 and PDX443) in I/P Engine's summation. PDX442 contains the results of Dr. Becker's damages calculations for the September 15, 2011 – September 30, 2012 damages period. PDX443 contains the results of Dr. Becker's damages calculations for the September 15, 2011 – September 30, 2012 damages period for Google, and for the September 15, 2005– September 30, 2012 damages period for each of the other defendants. Defendants' counsel objected. During the charge conference, the Court sustained Defendants' objection to these demonstratives. The Court made clear that I was prohibited from arguing for any specific dollar amount of damages for Google in summation. 3. The charge conference was held in the Court's chambers and was not transcribed. I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct. Dated: December 18, 2012 By: /s/ Jeffrey K. Sherwood Jeffrey K. Sherwood DICKSTEIN SHAPIRO LLP 1825 Eye Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 Telephone: (202) 420-2200 Facsimile: (202) 420-2201 Counsel for Plaintiff I/P Engine, Inc. 2 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I hereby certify that on this 18th day of December, 2012, the foregoing DECLARATION OF JEFFREY K. SHERWOOD IN SUPPORT OF I/P ENGINE INC.'S MOTION FOR A NEW TRIAL ON THE DOLLAR AMOUNT OF PAST DAMAGES, was served via the Court's CM/ECF system, on the following: Stephen Edward Noona Kaufman & Canoles, P.C. 150 W Main St Suite 2100 Norfolk, VA 23510 email@example.com David Bilsker David Perlson Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan LLP 50 California Street, 22nd Floor San Francisco, CA 94111 firstname.lastname@example.com email@example.com Robert L. Burns Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner, LLP Two Freedom Square 11955 Freedom Drive Reston, VA 20190 email@example.com Cortney S. Alexander Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner, LLP 3500 SunTrust Plaza 303 Peachtree Street, NE Atlanta, GA 94111 email@example.com /s/ Jeffrey K. Sherwood 3


text:
Call for Papers: CeBIT 2011-Open Source Forum
The Open Source Forum at CeBIT 2011 is seeking speakers. Potential speakers have until January 9, 2011 to submit their topic papers for consideration.
The Open Source Forum for the CeBIT 2011 Conference, scheduled for March 1-5, 2011 in Hannover, Germany, has issued the Call for Papers. The deadline for speaker submissions is January 9, 2011.
The call for papers is open to open source individual users, organizations, and developers. Open Source Forum is especially targeting presentation topics about cloud computing, virtualization, security, mobile open source solutions, and desktop. However, presentations from individuals who can talk about their practical experience in deploying free software in companies and organizations, as well as, speakers who can demonstrate new open source or free software technologies, specialties, or new innovative products are sought after as well. Also encouraged to submit presentation proposals are speakers who can discuss new open source projects.
Speakers who are interested in participating should sent their proposals to events [at] linuxnewmedia [dot] com. Proposal submission should include subject title, speaker information/bio, and a short presentation content description. User presentations, including questions and answer portion, can be a maximum of 40 minutes. Free software project presentations can be a maximum of 20 minutes. The Open Source Forum program will be broadcast via live stream by Linux Magazine Online and archives of the program will be made available after the event.
Presentations will take place in the Open Source Software area of Hall 2 at CeBIT and will not only be part of the Open Source Forum program, but will be included in the Open Source Project Lounge as well. In the Open Source Project Lounge, free software projects have the opportunity to present their work/projects to the general CeBIT 2011 public without a booth charge.
More information on Open Source Forum at CeBIT 2011 can be found on the website.
Issue 170/2015
Buy this issue as a PDF
TGXf Project Warns of File Transfer through Screen Pixels
Weird data transfer technique avoids all standard security measures.
Industry Giants Announce a Fix for the Password Mess
FIDO alliance declares the beginning of the end for old-style login authentication.
Poll: Vote for the Best Open Source Software for Photographers
The Linux New Media Awards have honored the most significant products, projects, people, and organizations for open source/Linux every year since 2000.
Debian Gets Forked
Legendary Uber-distro splits over the systemd controversy.
Linux Mint Project Releases Mint 17.1
New LTS version offers many refinements for the Cinnamon and Mate desktops and significant improvement under the hood.
CeBIT Open Source Forum Call for Papers
One of CeBIT's most successful forums returns in 2015.
TOR Network Isn't So Anonymous
A new study says it is possible to unmask 81% of TOR users.
.NET Goes Open Source
Redmond joins the revolution by turning the .NET Core Runtime into a GitHub project.
Drupal Advisory Unleashes a Torrent of Attacks
Users only had 7 hours to update before the intrusions started.
HTML5 Gets Promoted to a Standard
It's official: The new web arrives


text:
Vendors Announce TSM, Mobile-Wallet Supply Deals with Vodafone
Vendors announced Monday they are supplying UK-based Vodafone Group with trusted service management services and mobile-wallet software, respectively, as the UK-based telco gears up for NFC commercial launches.
France-based Gemalto said it would serve as Vodafone's "global" TSM, while U.S.-based CorFire announced it would provide mobile-wallet software to the group.
It wasn't clear whether the TSM and wallet-software contracts cover all of Vodafone's European branches. As NFC Times reported earlier, Gemalto's contract for TSM services was believed to cover only Germany and the UK. The contract might have been expanded to other branches.
Gemalto didn't have clearance earlier from Vodafone to announce the TSM deal. Under the contract, Gemalto will manage Vodafone's NFC SIM cards, creating and managing secure domains on the cards to store payment and other applications.
CorFire said its contract for the wallet software, which is also global, would enable Vodafone customers to "use their smartphones to conduct a number of transactions, including paying for goods and services at the point of sale during 2013." The wallet software will enable NFC applications but also works with non-NFC mobile commerce services, said the vendor.
Vodafone last February announced a partnership with Visa Europe and said it planned to launch a Vodafone-branded NFC prepaid payment service in at least five European countries over the following 12 months, in the biggest announcement of its kind to date from a major operator group. The markets Vodafone said it planned to launch in were Germany, Turkey, the UK, the Netherlands and Spain.
But all five of Vodafone's branches probably won't hit that target date. CorFire reportedly said that service would start during the first quarter of 2013 in Germany and Spain, then move to other Vodafone branches in Europe. That could not be immediately confirmed. CorFire is the mobile-commerce business of SK C&C USA, which is part of South Korea-based SK C&C.
Vodafone Italy has also said it is planning to launch NFC payment and other services sometime in 2013.


text:
Humidity 93%
Winds 10.4mph
Humidity 93%
Winds 10.4mph
Apr 7, 2014 9:47 AM
FLORESVILLE - Police and Sheriff's deputies are on the lookout for a missing elderly man last seen outside of San Antonio.
This is him, 77-year-old Emilio Flores.
He was last seen Sunday morning in Floresville in a 2009 Cheverolet Impala, with license plate BC5K927.
Now DPS has issued a silver alert across the state in hopes that they'll find him.
Sheriffs believe that his disappearance could pose a threat to the man's safety.
They ask anyone with information call the Wilson's County Sheriffs Office, 830-393-2535
2 days ago
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text:
The Kwinana grain terminal in Rockingham, Western Australia at night. The Grain terminal is a iconic landmark in the Rockingham/Kwinana area, and is where a majority of the wheat from Western Australian farms is brought in by Train and stored before being shipped around the world via the Grain terminals jetty
Canon EOS 7D And 15-85 IS.
Featured in:
Gems Gone Unnoticed, WESTERN AUSTRALIA.
beautifully captured and processed. Know Rockingham quite well as this is where I swam with the dolphins ……………. fantastic place
great capture of this amazing building (although the irony of its blue paint job is barely discernable here!), love the shadows of the poles, the dynamic sky and the lights within
Beautiful work!!! Love the architecture!!! The lighting really shows the building well. Lovely post processing!!!
CONGRATULATIONS on your wonderful feature, great WORK and well earned.
Nice shot mate, and the treatment
Congratulations :))
Looks a lot better at night than during the day – great colour and light here. Just don't go round some of the regional areas of WA saying that ALL the wheat exported from WA goes through Kwinana!


text:
(Printable version)
Are you attracted to careers devoted to helping others live more satisfying lives? Then the Psychology major is an excellent choice. You'll gain skills, knowledge and understanding of the human experience to assist individuals and groups through difficult life situations. These situations include drug abuse, domestic violence, behavioral and emotional programs, as well as cognitive and physical disabilities.
Why UW-Eau Claire
Through small classroom discussions, hands-on learning, research projects and with a breadth of faculty, UW-Eau Claire will provide you with the knowledge and skills needed to seek an advanced degree or a psychology-related career.
Excellent facilities
UW-Eau Claire has excellent facilities, including state-of-the-art human and animal laboratories, rooms equipped for group or individual experiments, and behavior observation rooms with videotape equipment.
Helping others
Many students select volunteer, for-credit or paid work experiences that allow them to help others, gain skills and explore interests related to psychology. Examples of such experiences include: service- learning projects that enable you to work with specific populations, such as survivors of domestic abuse, school-age children or older adults; involvement in campus programs, such as Counseling Services' peer counselors or the Center for Awareness of Sexual Assault (CASA); employment through an area hospital, the Eau Claire Academy or other businesses/organizations. Many services in the area recruit applicants through UW-Eau Claire's Career Services.
Hands-on experience
Students also gain hands-on experience at our on-campus counseling center and off-campus locations such as a center for the developmentally disabled, a treatment center for children with emotional disabilities, halfway houses and a crisis intervention service.
Campus Autism program
The Campus Autism program at UW-Eau Claire brings together psychology students and families with children with autism to offer intensive behavioral intervention. Professional therapists emphasize teaching communication skills and intervention techniques and educating caregivers about how to help their child make progress. Student therapists provide personalized treatment services in a fun teaching environment. Approximately 20 UW-Eau Claire psychology majors work with children through the program.
• Liberal Arts
• Behavior Analysis
• Liberal Arts
Course work
In addition to a variety of general education courses in communications, social sciences, natural sciences and humanities, all psychology majors and minors are required to take the following core courses in psychology:
• General Psychology
• Psychology as a
Discipline and
• Statistics
• Research Methods
• History and Systems
• Senior Capstone
Elective courses within the major may be organized around students' interests and career goals. The department offers courses in the following areas: clinical/counseling, developmental, social, personality, behavior genetics, evolutionary, physiological, motivation, cognition, learning, language, gender, and the applied areas of behavior analysis, education and aging.
More advising information
Our graduates
Many UW-Eau Claire Psychology majors continue academic study and obtain graduate degrees so that they can work as academic or practicing psychologists. Psychology students also are well prepared to pursue a variety of careers in diverse fields immediately following graduation because they've developed the skills employers identify as highly desirable.
Places you'll find recent graduates:
• Program Coordinator,
Alternative for People with
Autism, St. Paul, MN
• Child Life Specialist, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN
More career information
Department contact information
Jeffrey Goodman
The department of Psychology has an emphasis in behavior analysis designed to prepare students for certification as associate behavior analysts. Certification as an associate behavior analyst requires the successful completion of course work, supervised experience and the certification examination described below. All credits earned in the certification emphasis may be applied toward the graduation requirement for a Psychology major.
Course Requirements:
• Psyc 281 Intro to Behavior Analysis and Therapy
• Psyc 312 Experimental Analysis of Behavior
• Psyc 390 Advanced Applied Behavior Analysis
Supervised Experience:
• Psyc 480/481 Internship in Applied Behavior Analysis (six months of supervised experience)
Certification Examination:
Certification is awarded after successful completion of the National Certification Examination.


text:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - View original article
|Diabetes mellitus
|Classification and external resources
Universal blue circle symbol for diabetes.[1]
|med/546 emerg/134
|Diabetes mellitus
|Classification and external resources
Universal blue circle symbol for diabetes.[1]
|med/546 emerg/134
Diabetes mellitus (DM) also known as simply diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.[2] This high blood sugar produces the symptoms of frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. Untreated, diabetes can cause many complications.[3] Acute complications include diabetic ketoacidosis and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma.[4] Serious long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcers and damage to the eyes.[3]
Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.[5] There are three main types of diabetes mellitus:
Prevention and treatment involves a healthy diet, physical exercise, not using tobacco, and being a normal body weight. Blood pressure control and proper foot care are also important for people with the disease. Type 1 diabetes must be managed with insulin injections.[3] Type 2 diabetes may be treated with medications with or without insulin.[7] Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar.[8] Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is an effective measure in those with type 2 DM.[9] Gestational diabetes usually resolves after the birth of the baby.[10]
Globally, as of 2013, an estimated 382 million people have diabetes worldwide, with type 2 diabetes making up about 90% of the cases.[11][12] This is equal to 8.3% of the adults population,[12] with equal rates in both women and men.[13] Worldwide in 2012 and 2013 diabetes resulted in 1.5 to 5.1 million deaths per year, making it the 8th leading cause of death.[7][14] Diabetes overall at least doubles the risk of death.[3] The number of people with diabetes is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035.[15] The economic costs of diabetes globally was estimated in 2013 at $548 billion[14] and in the United States in 2012 $245 billion.[16]
The classic symptoms of untreated diabetes are weight loss, polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), and polyphagia (increased hunger).[17] Symptoms may develop rapidly (weeks or months) in type 1 diabetes, while they usually develop much more slowly and may be subtle or absent in type 2 diabetes.
Several other signs and symptoms can mark the onset of diabetes, although they are not specific to the disease. In addition to the known ones above, they include blurry vision, headache, fatigue, slow healing of cuts, and itchy skin. Prolonged high blood glucose can cause glucose absorption in the lens of the eye, which leads to changes in its shape, resulting in vision changes. A number of skin rashes that can occur in diabetes are collectively known as diabetic dermadromes.
People (usually with type 1 diabetes) may also experience episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis, a type of metabolic problems characterized by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, the smell of acetone on the breath, deep breathing known as Kussmaul breathing, and in severe cases a decreased level of consciousness.[18]
A rare but equally severe possibility is hyperosmolar nonketotic state, which is more common in type 2 diabetes and is mainly the result of dehydration.[18]
All forms of diabetes increase the risk of long-term complications. These typically develop after many years (10–20), but may be the first symptom in those who have otherwise not received a diagnosis before that time.
The major long-term complications relate to damage to blood vessels. Diabetes doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease[19] and about 75% of deaths in diabetics are due to coronary artery disease.[20] Other "macrovascular" diseases are stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.
The primary microvascular complications of diabetes include damage to the eyes, kidneys, and nerves.[21] Damage to the eyes, known as diabetic retinopathy, is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina of the eye, and can result in gradual vision loss and potentially blindness.[21] Damage to the kidneys, known as diabetic nephropathy, can lead to tissue scarring, urine protein loss, and eventually chronic kidney disease, sometimes requiring dialysis or kidney transplant.[21] Damage to the nerves of the body, known as diabetic neuropathy, is the most common complication of diabetes.[21] The symptoms can include numbness, tingling, pain, and altered pain sensation, which can lead to damage to the skin. Diabetes-related foot problems (such as diabetic foot ulcers) may occur, and can be difficult to treat, occasionally requiring amputation. Additionally, proximal diabetic neuropathy causes painful muscle wasting and weakness.
There is a link between cognitive deficit and diabetes. Compared to those without diabetes, those with the disease have a 1.2 to 1.5-fold greater rate of decline in cognitive function.[22]
|Type 1 diabetes
|Type 2 diabetes
|Age at onset
|Mostly in children
|Mostly in adults
|Body size
|Thin or normal[23]
|Often obese
|Usually present
|Endogenous insulin
|Low or absent
|Normal, decreased
or increased
in identical twins
Diabetes mellitus is classified into four broad categories: type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes, and "other specific types".[5] The "other specific types" are a collection of a few dozen individual causes.[5] The term "diabetes", without qualification, usually refers to diabetes mellitus.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, leading to insulin deficiency. This type can be further classified as immune-mediated or idiopathic. The majority of type 1 diabetes is of the immune-mediated nature, in which a T-cell-mediated autoimmune attack leads to the loss of beta cells and thus insulin.[24] It causes approximately 10% of diabetes mellitus cases in North America and Europe. Most affected people are otherwise healthy and of a healthy weight when onset occurs. Sensitivity and responsiveness to insulin are usually normal, especially in the early stages. Type 1 diabetes can affect children or adults, but was traditionally termed "juvenile diabetes" because a majority of these diabetes cases were in children.
"Brittle" diabetes, also known as unstable diabetes or labile diabetes, is a term that was traditionally used to describe the dramatic and recurrent swings in glucose levels, often occurring for no apparent reason in insulin-dependent diabetes. This term, however, has no biologic basis and should not be used.[25] Still, type 1 diabetes can be accompanied by irregular and unpredictable hyperglycemia, frequently with ketosis, and sometimes with serious hypoglycemia. Other complications include an impaired counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia, infection, gastroparesis (which leads to erratic absorption of dietary carbohydrates), and endocrinopathies (e.g., Addison's disease).[25] These phenomena are believed to occur no more frequently than in 1% to 2% of persons with type 1 diabetes.[26]
Type 1 diabetes is partly inherited, with multiple genes, including certain HLA genotypes, known to influence the risk of diabetes. In genetically susceptible people, the onset of diabetes can be triggered by one or more environmental factors, such as a viral infection or diet. There is some evidence that suggests an association between type 1 diabetes and Coxsackie B4 virus. Unlike type 2 diabetes, the onset of type 1 diabetes is unrelated to lifestyle.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance, which may be combined with relatively reduced insulin secretion.[5] The defective responsiveness of body tissues to insulin is believed to involve the insulin receptor. However, the specific defects are not known. Diabetes mellitus cases due to a known defect are classified separately. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type.
In the early stage of type 2, the predominant abnormality is reduced insulin sensitivity. At this stage, hyperglycemia can be reversed by a variety of measures and medications that improve insulin sensitivity or reduce glucose production by the liver.
Type 2 diabetes is due primarily to lifestyle factors and genetics.[27] A number of lifestyle factors are known to be important to the development of type 2 diabetes, including obesity (defined by a body mass index of greater than thirty), lack of physical activity, poor diet, stress, and urbanization.[11] Excess body fat is associated with 30% of cases in those of Chinese and Japanese descent, 60-80% of cases in those of European and African descent, and 100% of Pima Indians and Pacific Islanders.[5] Those who are not obese often have a high waist–hip ratio.[5]
Dietary factors also influence the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks in excess is associated with an increased risk.[28][29] The type of fats in the diet is also important, with saturated fats and trans fatty acids increasing the risk and polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat decreasing the risk.[27] Eating lots of white rice appears to also play a role in increasing risk.[30] A lack of exercise is believed to cause 7% of cases.[31]
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) resembles type 2 diabetes in several respects, involving a combination of relatively inadequate insulin secretion and responsiveness. It occurs in about 2-10% of all pregnancies and may improve or disappear after delivery.[32] However, after pregnancy approximately 5-10% of women with gestational diabetes are found to have diabetes mellitus, most commonly type 2.[32] Gestational diabetes is fully treatable, but requires careful medical supervision throughout the pregnancy. Management may include dietary changes, blood glucose monitoring, and in some cases insulin may be required.
Though it may be transient, untreated gestational diabetes can damage the health of the fetus or mother. Risks to the baby include macrosomia (high birth weight), congenital cardiac and central nervous system anomalies, and skeletal muscle malformations. Increased fetal insulin may inhibit fetal surfactant production and cause respiratory distress syndrome. Hyperbilirubinemia may result from red blood cell destruction. In severe cases, perinatal death may occur, most commonly as a result of poor placental perfusion due to vascular impairment. Labor induction may be indicated with decreased placental function. A Caesarean section may be performed if there is marked fetal distress or an increased risk of injury associated with macrosomia, such as shoulder dystocia.
Prediabetes indicates a condition that occurs when a person's blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 DM. Many people destined to develop type 2 DM spend many years in a state of prediabetes.
Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) is a condition in which type 1 DM develops in adults. Adults with LADA are frequently initially misdiagnosed as having type 2 DM, based on age rather than etiology.
Some cases of diabetes are caused by the body's tissue receptors not responding to insulin (even when insulin levels are normal, which is what separates it from type 2 diabetes); this form is very uncommon. Genetic mutations (autosomal or mitochondrial) can lead to defects in beta cell function. Abnormal insulin action may also have been genetically determined in some cases. Any disease that causes extensive damage to the pancreas may lead to diabetes (for example, chronic pancreatitis and cystic fibrosis). Diseases associated with excessive secretion of insulin-antagonistic hormones can cause diabetes (which is typically resolved once the hormone excess is removed). Many drugs impair insulin secretion and some toxins damage pancreatic beta cells. The ICD-10 (1992) diagnostic entity, malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM or MMDM, ICD-10 code E12), was deprecated by the World Health Organization when the current taxonomy was introduced in 1999.[33]
Other forms of diabetes mellitus include congenital diabetes, which is due to genetic defects of insulin secretion, cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, steroid diabetes induced by high doses of glucocorticoids, and several forms of monogenic diabetes.
The following is a comprehensive list of other causes of diabetes:[34]
Insulin is the principal hormone that regulates the uptake of glucose from the blood into most cells of the body, especially liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. Therefore, deficiency of insulin or the insensitivity of its receptors plays a central role in all forms of diabetes mellitus.[36]
The body obtains glucose from three main places: the intestinal absorption of food, the breakdown of glycogen, the storage form of glucose found in the liver, and gluconeogenesis, the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate substrates in the body.[37] Insulin plays a critical role in balancing glucose levels in the body. Insulin can inhibit the breakdown of glycogen or the process of gluconeogenesis, it can stimulate the transport of glucose into fat and muscle cells, and it can stimulate the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen.[37]
Insulin is released into the blood by beta cells (β-cells), found in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, in response to rising levels of blood glucose, typically after eating. Insulin is used by about two-thirds of the body's cells to absorb glucose from the blood for use as fuel, for conversion to other needed molecules, or for storage. Lower glucose levels result in decreased insulin release from the beta cells and in the breakdown of glycogen to glucose. This process is mainly controlled by the hormone glucagon, which acts in the opposite manner to insulin.[38]
If the amount of insulin available is insufficient, if cells respond poorly to the effects of insulin (insulin insensitivity or insulin resistance), or if the insulin itself is defective, then glucose will not be absorbed properly by the body cells that require it, and it will not be stored appropriately in the liver and muscles. The net effect is persistently high levels of blood glucose, poor protein synthesis, and other metabolic derangements, such as acidosis.[37]
When the glucose concentration in the blood remains high over time, the kidneys will reach a threshold of reabsorption, and glucose will be excreted in the urine (glycosuria).[39] This increases the osmotic pressure of the urine and inhibits reabsorption of water by the kidney, resulting in increased urine production (polyuria) and increased fluid loss. Lost blood volume will be replaced osmotically from water held in body cells and other body compartments, causing dehydration and increased thirst (polydipsia).[37]
|2 hour glucose
|Fasting glucose
|<7.8 (<140)
|<6.1 (<110)
|Impaired fasting glycaemia
|<7.8 (<140)
|≥ 6.1(≥110) & <7.0(<126)
|Impaired glucose tolerance
|≥7.8 (≥140)
|<7.0 (<126)
|Diabetes mellitus
|≥11.1 (≥200)
|≥7.0 (≥126)
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by recurrent or persistent hyperglycemia, and is diagnosed by demonstrating any one of the following:[33]
A positive result, in the absence of unequivocal hyperglycemia, should be confirmed by a repeat of any of the above methods on a different day. It is preferable to measure a fasting glucose level because of the ease of measurement and the considerable time commitment of formal glucose tolerance testing, which takes two hours to complete and offers no prognostic advantage over the fasting test.[43] According to the current definition, two fasting glucose measurements above 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l) is considered diagnostic for diabetes mellitus.
Per the World Health Organization people with fasting glucose levels from 6.1 to 6.9 mmol/l (110 to 125 mg/dl) are considered to have impaired fasting glucose.[44] people with plasma glucose at or above 7.8 mmol/l (140 mg/dl), but not over 11.1 mmol/l (200 mg/dl), two hours after a 75 g oral glucose load are considered to have impaired glucose tolerance. Of these two prediabetic states, the latter in particular is a major risk factor for progression to full-blown diabetes mellitus, as well as cardiovascular disease.[45] The American Diabetes Association since 2003 uses a slightly different range for impaired fasting glucose of 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/l (100 to 125 mg/dl).[46]
Glycated hemoglobin is better than fasting glucose for determining risks of cardiovascular disease and death from any cause.[47]
The rare disease diabetes insipidus has similar symptoms to diabetes mellitus, but without disturbances in the sugar metabolism (insipidus means "without taste" in Latin) and does not involve the same disease mechanisms.
There is no known preventive measure for type 1 diabetes.[3] Type 2 diabetes can often be prevented by a person being a normal body weight, physical exercise, and following a healthy diet.[3] Dietary changes known to be effective in helping to prevent diabetes include a diet rich in whole grains and fiber, and choosing good fats, such as polyunsaturated fats found in nuts, vegetable oils, and fish.[48] Limiting sugary beverages and eating less red meat and other sources of saturated fat can also help in the prevention of diabetes.[48] Active smoking is also associated with an increased risk of diabetes, so smoking cessation can be an important preventive measure as well.[49]
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, for which there is no known cure except in very specific situations. Management concentrates on keeping blood sugar levels as close to normal ("euglycemia") as possible, without causing hypoglycemia. This can usually be accomplished with diet, exercise, and use of appropriate medications (insulin in the case of type 1 diabetes; oral medications, as well as possibly insulin, in type 2 diabetes).
Learning about the disease and actively participating in the treatment is vital for people with diabetes, since the complications of diabetes are far less common and less severe in people who have well-managed blood sugar levels.[50][51] The goal of treatment is an HbA1C level of 6.5%, but should not be lower than that, and may be set higher.[52] Attention is also paid to other health problems that may accelerate the deleterious effects of diabetes. These include smoking, elevated cholesterol levels, obesity, high blood pressure, and lack of regular exercise.[52] Specialised footwear is widely used to reduce the risk of ulceration, or re-ulceration, in at-risk diabetic feet. Evidence for the efficacy of this remains equivocal, however.[53]
People with diabetes can benefit from education about the disease and treatment, good nutrition to achieve a normal body weight, and sensible exercise, with the goal of keeping both short-term and long-term blood glucose levels within acceptable bounds. In addition, given the associated higher risks of cardiovascular disease, lifestyle modifications are recommended to control blood pressure.[54]
Metformin is generally recommended as a first line treatment for type 2 diabetes, as there is good evidence that it decreases mortality.[55] Routine use of aspirin, however, has not been found to improve outcomes in uncomplicated diabetes.[56] Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) improve outcomes in those with DM while the similar medications angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) do not.[57]
Type 1 diabetes is typically treated with a combinations of regular and NPH insulin, or synthetic insulin analogs. When insulin is used in type 2 diabetes, a long-acting formulation is usually added initially, while continuing oral medications.[55] Doses of insulin are then increased to effect.[55]
In those with diabetes some recommend blood pressure levels below 120/80 mmHg;[58][59] however, evidence only supports less than or equal to somewhere between 140/90 mmHg to 160/100 mmHg.[60][61]
A pancreas transplant is occasionally considered for people with type 1 diabetes who have severe complications of their disease, including end stage renal disease requiring kidney transplantation.[62]
In countries using a general practitioner system, such as the United Kingdom, care may take place mainly outside hospitals, with hospital-based specialist care used only in case of complications, difficult blood sugar control, or research projects. In other circumstances, general practitioners and specialists share care in a team approach. Home telehealth support can be an effective management technique.[63]
As at 2013, 382 million people have diabetes worldwide.[12] Type 2 makes up about 90% of the cases.[11][13] This is equal to 8.3% of the adult population[12] with equal rates in both women and men.[13]
In 2012 it resulted in 1.5 million deaths worldwide making it the 8th leading cause of death.[7] More than 80% of diabetic deaths occurring in low and middle-income countries.[64]
Diabetes mellitus occurs throughout the world, but is more common (especially type 2) in more developed countries. The greatest increase in rates was expected to occur in Asia and Africa, where most people with diabetes will probably live in 2030.[65] The increase in rates in developing countries follows the trend of urbanization and lifestyle changes, including a "Western-style" diet. This has suggested an environmental (i.e., dietary) effect, but there is little understanding of the mechanism(s) at present.[65]
Diabetes was one of the first diseases described,[66] with an Egyptian manuscript from c. 1500 BCE mentioning "too great emptying of the urine".[67] The first described cases are believed to be of type 1 diabetes.[67] Indian physicians around the same time identified the disease and classified it as madhumeha or "honey urine", noting the urine would attract ants.[67] The term "diabetes" or "to pass through" was first used in 230 BCE by the Greek Appollonius of Memphis.[67] The disease was considered rare during the time of the Roman empire, with Galen commenting he had only seen two cases during his career.[67] This is possibly due the diet and life-style of the ancient people, or because the clinical symptoms were observed during the advanced stage of the disease. Galen named the disease "diarrhea of the urine" (diarrhea urinosa). The earliest surviving work with a detailed reference to diabetes is that of Aretaeus of Cappadocia (2nd or early 3rd century CE). He described the symptoms and the course of the disease, which he attributed to the moisture and coldness, reflecting the beliefs of the "Pneumatic School". He hypothesized a correlation of diabetes with other diseases and he discussed differential diagnosis from the snakebite which also provokes excessive thirst. His work remained unknown in the West until the middle of the 16th century when, in 1552, the first Latin edition was published in Venice.[68]
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes were identified as separate conditions for the first time by the Indian physicians Sushruta and Charaka in 400-500 CE with type 1 associated with youth and type 2 with being overweight.[67] The term "mellitus" or "from honey" was added by the Briton John Rolle in the late 1700s to separate the condition from diabetes insipidus, which is also associated with frequent urination.[67] Effective treatment was not developed until the early part of the 20th century, when Canadians Frederick Banting and Charles Herbert Best isolated and purified insulin in 1921 and 1922.[67] This was followed by the development of the long-acting insulin NPH in the 1940s.[67]
The word diabetes (/ˌdaɪ.əˈbiːtiːz/ or /ˌdaɪ.əˈbiːtɨs/) comes from Latin diabētēs, which in turn comes from Ancient Greek διαβήτης (diabētēs) which literally means "a passer through; a siphon."[69] Ancient Greek physician Aretaeus of Cappadocia (fl. 1st century CE) used that word, with the intended meaning "excessive discharge of urine", as the name for the disease.[70][71][72] Ultimately, the word comes from Greek διαβαίνειν (diabainein), meaning "to pass through,"[69] which is composed of δια- (dia-), meaning "through" and βαίνειν (bainein), meaning "to go".[70] The word "diabetes" is first recorded in English, in the form diabete, in a medical text written around 1425.
The word mellitus (/mɨˈlaɪtəs/ or /ˈmɛlɨtəs/) comes from the classical Latin word mellītus, meaning "mellite"[73] (i.e. sweetened with honey;[73] honey-sweet[74]). The Latin word comes from mell-, which comes from mel, meaning "honey";[73][74] sweetness;[74] pleasant thing,[74] and the suffix -ītus,[73] whose meaning is the same as that of the English suffix "-ite".[75] It was Thomas Willis who in 1675 added "mellitus" to the word "diabetes" as a designation for the disease, when he noticed the urine of a diabetic had a sweet taste (glycosuria).[71] This sweet taste had been noticed in urine by the ancient Greeks, Chinese, Egyptians, Indians, and Persians.
The 1989 "St. Vincent Declaration"[76][77] was the result of international efforts to improve the care accorded to those with diabetes. Doing so is important not only in terms of quality of life and life expectancy, but also economically—expenses due to diabetes have been shown to be a major drain on health—and productivity-related resources for healthcare systems and governments.
Several countries established more and less successful national diabetes programmes to improve treatment of the disease.[78]
People with diabetes who have neuropathic symptoms such as numbness or tingling in feet or hands are twice as likely to be unemployed as those without the symptoms.[79]
In 2010, diabetes-related emergency department (ED) visit rates in the United States were higher among people from the lowest income communities (526 per 10,000 population) than from the highest income communities (236 per 10,000 population). Approximately 9.4% of diabetes-related ED visits were for the uninsured.[80]
The term "type 1 diabetes" has replaced several former terms, including childhood-onset diabetes, juvenile diabetes, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Likewise, the term "type 2 diabetes" has replaced several former terms, including adult-onset diabetes, obesity-related diabetes, and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Beyond these two types, there is no agreed-upon standard nomenclature.
In animals, diabetes is most commonly encountered in dogs and cats. Middle-aged animals are most commonly affected. Female dogs are twice as likely to be affected as males, while according to some sources, male cats are also more prone than females. In both species, all breeds may be affected, but some small dog breeds are particularly likely to develop diabetes, such as Miniature Poodles.[81] The symptoms may relate to fluid loss and polyuria, but the course may also be insidious. Diabetic animals are more prone to infections. The long-term complications recognised in humans are much rarer in animals. The principles of treatment (weight loss, oral antidiabetics, subcutaneous insulin) and management of emergencies (e.g. ketoacidosis) are similar to those in humans.[81]
Inhaled insulin has been developed.[82] The original products were withdrawn due to side effects.[82] Afrezza, under development by pharmaceuticals company MannKind Corporation, was approved by the FDA for general sale in June, 2014 [83] There are several advantages of inhaled insulin: they are convenient and easy to use and provide a useful alternative therapy for patients who cannot use intravenous insulin.[84]
|Find more about Diabetes mellitus at Wikipedia's sister projects
|Definitions and translations from Wiktionary
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|Textbooks from Wikibooks
|Learning resources from Wikiversity


text:
From Ergo-Log
Maize starch that has been made indigestible through a chemical process has two effects that you wouldn't expect to find in one nutrient. According to researchers at the Japanese Kao Corporation, it simultaneously boosts energy expenditure, more than digestible starch does, and fat burning.
The researchers performed experiments with 10 healthy men. On one occasion they ate pancakes made with maize starch consisting exclusively of easily absorbed amylopectin - waxy maize starch to be precise [WMS]. On the other occasion the men ate pancakes that had been prepared using hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate from waxy maize starch [HDP] [structural formula shown below]. The composition of the pancakes is shown here below.
After eating the HDP pancakes [black circles] the subjects' oxygen expenditure rose by more than it did after eating the WMS pancakes [white circles]. After consuming a meal containing indigestible maize starch the subjects energy expenditure increased by more than after consuming a meal containing digestible maize starch. Sounds strange, doesn't it?
After eating HDP pancakes the subjects burned less glucose and more fatty acids.
"These results may have beneficial implications for weight control", the researchers write. "The magnitude of the increase in energy expenditure and fat oxidation indicates that this effect is biologically relevant and could be important for preventing fat accumulation in the long term by influencing the total fat balance under chronic feeding conditions." The Kao Corporation has already filed a patent for the application.
We can think of another use for the stuff too. Couldn't you also put hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate from waxy maize starch in Vitargo-type products? At present these are still based on amylopectin. If you were to replace these with hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate starch they you'd get a product that provides more energy but helps your fat layers to grow less fast.
Br J Nutr. 2011 Jul;106(1):96-104.
Source: http://www.ergo-log.com/more-energy-...le-starch.html


text:
My learning experience was valuable to me in the sense that I was able to apply real world application to my learning. There were countless times in both degree programs where I was able to apply what I was learning to my life.
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Shakopee, MN
Criminal Justice
Adult Education Degree - Bachelor of Science
College of Business
Degree Overview
People who are passionate about educating adults have a variety of career opportunities available to them, such as teaching at community or technical colleges, providing vocational education, or holding training and development positions within organizations. The Bellevue University Bachelor of Science in Adult Education prepares you for instructional responsibilities in all of these types of professional education settings. You will learn how continuing education and training leads to improved performance in the classroom and the workplace. In addition, you will learn to develop, enhance, and deliver curriculum effectively to meet the needs of students.
Learning Outcomes
Teaching and training adults requires specialized expertise. The Bellevue University Bachelor of Science in Adult Education will enable you to:
- Demonstrate critical thinking, innovation, and creativity
- Apply elements of adult learning theories to create appropriate instructional materials
- Defend use of instructional methods and provide the rationale for their use
- Assess the effectiveness of course materials and delivery methods
In order to maximize your learning experience, the prerequisites for this major are to be currently employed in a job where you can apply your learning, as well as have approximately three years of significant work experience that is relevant.
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Also on cricketcountry.com
Jul 16, 2014
Mohammad Ashraful, Bangladesh's cricketer will appeal against the eight-year ban that he received for being found guilty of spot-fixing. Ashraful was banned by the Bangladesh board's anti-corruption tribunal. Ashraful on his part, plans to leave Bangladesh for a few months after Eid festival. In fact, Ashraful was participating in the cricket league taking place in the United States as reported by The Daily Star.
Actually, individuals can't appeal against the sanctions imposed. However, one is eligible to appeal to the chairman of the disciplinary panel. One can even appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport in Switzerland. Ashraful made his Test debut for Bangladesh in 2001 and straightaway got a Test century. He played 61 Test and 110 One-Day Internationals (ODIs) for the country, over a span of more than 10 years.
Also on cricketcountry.com
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text:
South Africa is one of the world´s most diverse
golfing destinations with top courses and a climate
that offers year-round play. Enjoy an unforgettable
experience and find the time to explore breathtaking
coastlines, abundant wildlife and superb
accommodation at a Peermont hotel.
Peermont has five top golf resorts conveniently
located near major cities and airports. All feature or
are close to immaculately maintained 18-hole
championship golf courses. Each of them offer a
beautiful boutique-style resort experience complete
with pro-shops, country club facilities and excellent
dining and entertainment.
For group bookings contact Carla Campbell on
+27 (0) 11 928 1903 or email email@example.com.
For individual bookings see contact below for
each golfing destination.
Free State
Frontier: The Clarens Golf Course
Clarens, Free State
Your round of golf at The Clarens Trout & Golf Estate begins at the stylish clubhouse, strategically positioned to view the finish of both nines, as well as the magnificent Mount Horeb (Setlofe). According to Basotho legend, the mountain Setlofe is a shy maiden, betrothed to the warrior Matsa (Rhebokkop) who jilted her for another. This broke Setlofe's heart and even now, when she thinks about it, she draws her veil around her head and weeps. Thus, when Setlofe is shrouded in cloud, it will soon rain in Clarens.
Before you tee off, take time to absorb the setting of the picturesque town and the full 360 degree view of the mountains. All of the 18 holes meander along and across the tranquil river and its splendid series of trout dams, waterfalls and cascades.
The playing surface of the manicured Kikuyu fairways and Bent grass greens are framed by mature Willow and magnificent Lombardi poplar trees, characteristic of the area. This layout is a classic "risk and reward" design. With the fairways wide at the landing areas off the tees, one can easily reach the greens in regulation to your handicap. However, nearly every green hugs the water, so it's a case of play safe to your handicap, or attack the flags to "go low".
Great care has been taken to ensure that each round of golf that you play will be as memorable, if not more memorable than the previous one, through attention to detail and beauty.
|Tel :
|+27 (0) 58 256 1270
|Email :
Kwazulu Natal
San Lameer Country Club
San Lameer, KwaZulu Natal
Manicured greens, undulating fairways and winding waterways...The centrepiece of Mondazur Hotel and Spa's magnificent domain is the 18-hole championship golf course. The layout winds through pristine coastal flora and the tastefully constructed villas. Its fairways clad in a strain of Cynoden called Sahara, a grass which provides an excellent playing surface and which compliments the large, undulating Country Club-grassed greens. There is certainly an interesting blend of holes on this tight economical layout, all memorable and all capable of frustrating the player who throws caution to the wind. Besides the impenetrable bush, there is an abundance of water on the course, but conservative playing routes are always available. It has often been said that no finer collection of par 3s exists anywhere, and the 4th hole, interestingly, is almost a carbon copy of Augusta National's famous 12th. The elegant Clubhouse restaurant overlooks putting green numbers 8 and 18. You can also savour the comfort of the lounge, possibly the most beautiful location of the Estate. Rated among the country's top 10 toughest courses by Compleat Golfer it is consistently ranked in Golf Digest's top 30 best courses.
|Tel :
|+27 (0) 39 313 0011
|Email :
Graceland Country Club
Secunda, Mmpumalanga
Flat savannahs and highly challenging ... The Gary Player-designed 18-hole championship course at Graceland Hotel, Casino and Country Club makes use of natural features as the front and back nines follow paths along opposite sides of a valley. The course features a mixture of significant elevation changes, water hazards, rolling fairways and a strategically placed bunker.
The golf course is a typical inland links course with undulating greens and relatively steep, grass-faced bunkers. Two streams twine through seven of the holes and several dams attract a variety of birdlife.
The signature hole is the par 3, 15th, a short but treacherous hole where only a well placed tee shot will be rewarded. The green is well guarded with a water hazard short and up the right side of the green, while two well placed bunkers at the back of the green catch any shot that is even a little bit long. Crenshaw Bent grass and Kikuyu provide ideal playing surfaces.
Relaxing after a stimulating game of golf is enhanced by the well-appointed Augusta Club Lounge, which offers magnificent bay window views across the course and is elegantly decorated with a specially acquired collection of golfing memorabilia from South Africa and abroad. A selection of light meals are available.
The Graceland Pro Shop offers a wide range of golfing equipment. Between September and April it is open daily between 07h00 and 18h00 and between May and August it is open daily between 07h30 and 17h00. For more information, please call 017 620 1188.
The Graceland Country Club Manager is Colin Hahn and he can be contacted via the Pro Shop on +27 (0) 17 620 1188.
|Tel :
|+27 (0) 17 620 1188
North West
Orkney, Eagle's Creek or Klerksdorp Golf Clubs
The City of Matlosana
In Klerksdorp, Rio spoils golfers with a choice of three fine local courses. The 46th ranked championship course at the Orkney Golf Club presents a good test; it is a tree-linked parkland course with many holes running parallel to the Vaal River, with additional water features and 31 bunkers in all. Also nearby, and well worth a round or more, is the course at the Stillfontein Golf Club at the Eagle's Creek Golf and Nature Reserve, offering a stunning setting, and the historic course at the Klerksdorp Golf Club. Accommodation is at the 3-star Peermont Metcourt at Rio, where you will also find the Karamba Grillhouse, Moo Bar, The Escapades Theatre and great gaming action.
|Tel :
|+27 (0) 11 928 1903
|Email :
Leopard Park Country Club
Mafikeng, North West
The Leopard Park Golf Club course has a superb modern layout and has often played host to senior tournaments. Situated in dry and dusty Mmabatho, this skilfully-constructed course is like an oasis in the desert with water coming into play at eight of the 18 holes. The course has flat, narrow kikuyu fairways, true bent grass greens, many grass bunkers and water hazards, and a stunning island green at the 18th. Facilities include a Pro Shop, Club hire, Cart Hire and driving range. Nearby Mmabatho Palms Hotel Casino Convention Resort offers players a well earned respite from a day on the green with four-star accommodation, gaming, dining and entertainment options.
|Tel :
|+27 (0) 18 389 1710
|Email :


text:
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Based on the unique and proprietary "PDCC" technology, we currently offer four categories of siRNA transfection reagents, which show distinct transfection characteristics distinguishing them from leading products on the market.
In vivo transfections
To eliminate the unspecific interaction between cationic non-viral vectors with blood components in circulation, the GenJet™ Plus reagent was used as a backbone and cross-linked a shielding peptide (SP) with amine group of neutral lipid of the backbone. The initial testing results showed that administration of shielded GenJet™ Plus did not induce erythrocyte aggregation. Instead systematic injection of shielded GenJet™ Plus led to enhanced systematic circulation with significant improvement of renilla luciferase expression in lung, spleen and liver compared with control GenJet™ Plus without shield peptide.