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Can Peer Review Help Resolve Natural Resource Conflicts?
Yes, but the system used must be far different from the traditional academic model.
Congress, businesses, environmental organizations, and religious groups are all calling for peer review systems to resolve conflicts over the protection of this nation's natural resources. A recent opinion poll found that 88 percent of Americans support the use of peer review in the application of the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The rising interest in peer review is the result of widespread unhappiness with natural resource policies, including ESA listing decisions and the establishment of ESA-sanctioned Habitat Conservation Plans (HCPs). The many interest groups believe that scientific peer review will support their particular viewpoints. The obvious problem is that they can't all be right.
A more important problem is that peer review as traditionally applied to examine scientific research is inadequate for supporting decisions about managing species, lands, and other natural resources. It does not take into account the complex political, social, and economic factors that must be factored into natural resource decisions.
Peer review can provide a basis for improving natural resource decisions, for reconsidering past decisions, and for settling disagreements. But to function effectively, the review system needs to be much different from the one used widely in academia today. In the meantime, traditional peer review is being applied on an ad hoc basis to important endangered species and habitat conservation issues, leading to contentious outcomes. In the rush to implement a popular policy, we are setting a precedent that is only institutionalizing our confusion.
Everyone wants it
It is heartening that all sides want independent peer review; it seems that everyone acknowledges that better decisionmaking is needed. A survey by the Sustainable Ecosystems Institute found that at least 60 farming, ranching, logging, industrial, ecological, wildlife, religious, and governors organizations are calling for scientific review in the application of the ESA. This includes reviews of HCPs, which are agreements between government agencies and private landowners that govern the degree to which those owners can develop, log, or farm land where endangered species live.
Why are so many diverse groups eager to embrace peer review? There is widespread distrust of the regulatory agencies involved in ESA and dissatisfaction with their administration of the act. Many groups believe that agencies are making the wrong decisions. Disagreements among interested parties often end up in litigation, where judges, not scientists, make rulings on scientific merit. Most decisions to list species in the West, including those involving the northern spotted owl, marbled murrelet, and bull trout, have been made after lawsuits. Similarly, one approved HCP--the Fort Morgan Paradise Joint Venture project in Alabama, which would have affected the endangered Alabama beach mouse--was successfully challenged in court on the basis of inadequate science.
Many organizations see science as a way of reducing litigation. After all, judges are not scientists or land managers and are apt to make the wrong technical decision. Court actions are costly. Any means of reducing vulnerability to lawsuits is roundly favored.
There are striking differences in opinion as to where peer review is needed. Simply put, each group favors review of actions that it finds unpalatable. Development groups want fewer species listings and therefore demand review of listing decisions. Some professional and environmental societies oppose peer review of listings because they will unnecessarily delay much-needed conservation measures. Environmental groups are concerned about habitat loss under HCPs and want them independently reviewed.
Regardless of their perspective, most groups want less litigation, less agency control, and greater objectivity. Many also see peer review as a tool for overturning wrong decisions. Regulatory agencies want to reduce vulnerability to litigation and develop greater public support. Agency staff, frequently doing a difficult task with inadequate resources, would prefer to have a strong system to rely on. It is always better to have a chance to do it right than to do it over.
The lure of hasty implementation
The move to implement some form of peer review is already under way. For example, the Magnuson Stevens Fisheries Conservation and Management Act calls for peer review in arbitrating disagreements over fisheries harvest levels. The U.S. Forest Service now calls for science consistency checks to review decisions about forest management. Unfortunately, the rush to implement random forms of peer review has created many ad hoc and ill-conceived methodologies.
Enthusiasm for peer review is so high that it is now central to efforts to reform ESA. In 1997, the Senate introduced the Endangered Species Recovery Act, which would have required peer review and designated the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to oversee the review process. But few academy members or the scientists who serve on NAS committees have made their careers in applied science or have worked in an area in which legal and regulatory decisions are paramount. The bill was shot down, but the governors of the western states have asked the Senate to reintroduce similar legislation in 2000. Whether or not legislation is taken up, it is clear that Congress wants better science behind natural resource decisions and sees peer review as the way to achieve it.
Most legislative and agency measures calling for peer review, however, do not describe how it should be structured, other than to say that it should be carried out by independent scientists. Yet an ill-conceived review process will just compound the problems. Furthermore, there is a tacit assumption that the pure academic model will be used. Although it is appealing to think that this system would work as well for management and policy decisions as it does for pure research findings, it won't. Traditional peer review cannot be applied as some kind of quality control in a political arena. Indeed, some attempts to use peer review in this way have backfired.
What can go wrong
Development of the management plan for the Tongass National Forest, covering 17 million acres in Alaska, illustrates several problems in applying academic peer review to natural resource management. To make a more science- based decision regarding the management and protection of old-growth forests and associated wildlife species, the Forest Service set up an internal scientific review team that worked with forest managers on the plans. Because of federal laws governing the use of nonagency biologists, the service sent drafts to external reviewers, most of whom were academics. In reviewing the plan and the methodology, the service concluded that science had been effectively incorporated and that managers and scientists had worked well together. Indeed, service officials have portrayed the plan as a watershed event, bringing the service's research and management arms together.
The conclusion of the external review committee was different. It independently issued a statement that was critical of the management proposed in the plan, concluding that, in certain aspects, none of the proposed actions in the plan reflected the reviewers' comments. The committee insisted that "the Service must consider other alternatives that respond more directly to the consistent advice it has received from the scientific community before adopting a plan for the Tongass." The reviewers noted that there were specific management actions that should be carried out immediately to protect critical habitat but that were not part of the plan. These included eliminating road building in certain types of forest and adjusting the ratio of high-quality and low-quality trees that would be cut in order to protect old-growth forests.
The Tongass experience holds several lessons. First, internal and independent reviewers reached opposite conclusions; decisionmakers were left to determine which set of opinions to follow. Whatever the choice, a record of dissent has been established that increases vulnerability to legal challenge and political interference. Second, the independent scientists felt ignored, which again increases the vulnerability of the decisions. Third, the independent scientists made clear management recommendations, believing that science alone should drive management decisions; most managers will disagree with this point of view. Thus, peer review in the Tongass case raised new problems. Confusion of roles and objectives was a major cause of these difficulties.
A different set of issues has arisen with the use of peer review in establishing two HCPs--one involving grasslands and butterflies in the San Bruno Mountains south of San Francisco, the other involving Pacific Lumber and old-growth forests near Redwood National Park. In both cases, scientific review panels were used from an early stage to guide interpretation of the science. The panels were advisory and scrupulously avoided management recommendations, sometimes to the frustration of decisionmakers. The panels avoided setting levels of acceptable risk and tended to use conservative scientific standards.
Another example comes from the State of Oregon Northwest Forest HCP, now being negotiated to cover 200,000 acres of second-growth forest that is home to spotted owls, murrelets, and salmon. The Oregon Department of Forestry sought reviews of their already-developed plan from 23 independent scientists representing a range of interest groups and expertise. Not surprisingly, diametrically opposed opinions were expressed on several issues. It will now be difficult to apply these reviews without further arbitration.
Hints of more endemic problems come from the Fish and Wildlife Service's use of peer review for listing decisions. Typically, a few reviewers are selected from a group of scientists who are "involved" in the issue. But the service now reports that at best only one in six scientists contacted even replies to the request that they be a reviewer. If they do volunteer, they are often late with their responses or don't respond at all. Two problems are becoming clear: There is no professional or monetary benefit from being a reviewer, and many scientists are wary of becoming caught up in politicized review processes, which can become drawn out and expose them to attacks by interest groups.
Certain actions can determine the effectiveness of a peer review process: how it is structured, who runs it, who the reviewers are, and how they are instructed and rewarded. Lack of attention to details and blanket application of an academic model has already led to problems and will continue to do so.
Clearing the minefield
Peer review has always been a closed system, confined to the scientific community, in which the recommendations of usually anonymous reviewers determine the fate of research proposals or manuscripts. When scientific review is used outside this arena, problems arise because scientists, policymakers, managers, advocacy groups, and the public lack a common culture and language. Few scientists are trained or experienced in how policymakers or managers understand or use science. Scientists may be tempted to comment on management decisions and indeed are often encouraged to do so. However, they are rarely qualified to make such pronouncements. Natural resource managers must make decisions based on many factors, of which science is just one. Inserting academic peer review into a management context creates a minefield that leads to everything from misunderstanding to disaster.
More appropriate applications of peer review can be designed once the major differences between academic and management science are understood. They involve:
Final decisions. Scientists are trained to be critical and cautious and to make only statements that are well supported. Managers must make decisions with whatever information is available. Scientists usually send incomplete work back for further study; managers typically cannot. Managers must also weigh legal concerns, public interest, economics, and other factors that may have little basis in hard data.
"Best available" science. Managers are instructed to use the best available science. Scientists may regard such data as incomplete or inadequate. Reviewers' statements that the evidence in hand does not meet normal scientific standards will be irrelevant to a decisionmaker who lacks alternatives and must by law make a decision.
Competing ideas. In pure science, two competing theories may be equally supported by data, and both may produce publishable work. Management needs to know which is best to apply to the issue in question.
Reviewers as advocates. In academia, it is assumed that a reviewer is impartial and sets aside any personal biases. In management situations, it is assumed that reviews solicited from environmental advocates or development interests will reflect those points of view.
Speed. Academic reviews are completed at a leisurely pace. This is not acceptable in management situations.
Anonymity and retaliation. Academic reviews are typically anonymous to encourage frankness and discourage professional retaliation. Reviews in management situations usually must be open to promote dialogue. Some scientists will be reluctant to make strong statements if they are subject to public scrutiny.
"Qualified" versus "independent." Often the scientists best qualified to be reviewers of a natural resource issue are already involved in it. Many HCP applicants, for example, do not want "inexperienced" reviewers from the professional societies. They prefer "experienced" scientists who understand the rationale and techniques of an HCP. This sets up a tension between demonstrable independence and depth of understanding.
Language. Managers and decisionmakers may not be familiar with the language of science. Statistical issues are particularly likely to cause confusion.
Reward structure. In academic science, reviews are performed free of charge for the common good and to add to scientific discourse. Hence they are typically given a low priority. In management situations, this will not work. Rewards--financial and otherwise--are necessary for timeliness and simply to encourage reviewers' interest in the first place.
A new model
The troublesome experiences in recent cases such as the Tongass and appreciation of the different roles of academic and management science reviewers point the way to more effective integration of peer review into resource management decisions. The following principles provide a starting point:
- The goals of peer review in each case must be clearly stated.
- Clear roles for reviewers must be spelled out.
- Impartiality must be maintained to establish credibility.
- A balance must be sought between independence and expertise of reviewers.
- Training of reviewers may be necessary.
- A reward structure must be specified.
- Early involvement of scientists will give better results than will post-hoc evaluations.
Three other lessons are evident. First, because academic scientists are rarely familiar with management, the individual or organization coordinating the review needs to be experienced in both fields. The traditional sources of these "science managers"--academic institutions, professional societies, or regulatory agencies--either lack the necessary experience or are not seen as independent. We need a new system for administering peer review.
Second, a mediator or interpreter who clarifies roles and eliminates misunderstandings can be highly effective. Scientists may need pressing on some points and at other times may need to be dissuaded from trying to be managers. Conversely, managers who lack advanced training in disciplines such as statistics may need help in interpreting scientific statements on issues such as risk. The interpreter can also be a gatekeeper for scientific integrity, ensuring that reviewers do not become advocates, either voluntarily or under pressure.
Third, a panel structure gives more consistently useful results. This is probably the result of panelists discussing issues among themselves. Although panels can produce conflicting opinions, they appear more likely to give unequivocal results than would a set of individual reviews.
There is enthusiasm for science and peer review among most parties involved with ESA and general natural resource management. But there is little consensus on how to make the process succeed. Nationally, we lack the necessary infrastructure for implementing peer review as a useful tool. In each case, environmentalists, developers, and any other regulated parties should be asked to design the appropriate system, because they will then accept its results. This means that advice on forming such groups and oversight of their progress would be needed. Peer review cannot be guided by managers alone nor by scientists alone. We need independent technical groups that have the necessary diverse skills but are seen as impartial.
Whichever route is taken, a better approach to peer review must be created. The rush to impose the old academic model must stop before it creates even more problems. By taking the time to properly devise review systems, we can ensure that the scientific voice is effective, understood, and utilized.
Deborah M. Brosnan is president of Sustainable Ecosystems Institute (www.sei.org) in Portland, Oregon, which attempts to bridge the gaps between science and policy through cooperation among environmental, business, agency, and scientific interests.


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Chargers, Browns also interested in 49ers exec. Terry McCormick
The New York Jets appear to have a general manager candidate in their sights.
Tom Gamble, currently director of player personnel for the San Francisco 49ers, has emerged as the frontrunner to replace Mike Tannenbaum in New York, says the New York Daily News.
The Jets still have some competition for Gamble, as both the San Diego Chargers and Cleveland Browns have him on their list of candidates. Gamble also interviewed with the Jacksonville Jaguars.
Gamble knows Rex Ryan at least casually, and there is the possibility that he could be introduced as GM at Ryan's delayed season-ending press conference, which is scheduled to take place tomorrow.
Follow me on Twitter @TerryMc13
Terry McCormick covers the Titans for TitanInsider.com
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Merck Serono And Opexa Therapeutics Enter Into Option And License Agreement For Development Of Tcelna™ (imilecleucel-T) For Treatment Of Multiple Sclerosis
Under the agreement, Opexa will have an option right to co-fund development, under which the Company would participate in economic support for future clinical development of the program in exchange for additional royalty consideration. In addition to retaining all rights outside of MS as well as retaining the ability to commercialize Tcelna (imilecleucel-T) in Japan, Opexa also retains certain manufacturing rights related to the program. Further details of the transaction are included in a Form 8-K that was filed this morning by Opexa with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
"Merck Serono is strongly committed to developing innovative drug candidates like Tcelna (imilecleucel-T), a potential first-in-class personalized cell therapy for patients with multiple sclerosis," said Susan Herbert, Head of Global Business Development and Strategy at Merck Serono. "This agreement illustrates Merck Serono's commitment to employ creative ways of accessing external innovation to develop potential next generation multiple sclerosis treatments, especially in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, an area of high unmet need."
Neil K. Warma, President and Chief Executive Officer of Opexa, commented, "Opexa is pleased to partner with Merck Serono and given Merck Serono's long-term strategic commitment to, and existing franchise position in the field of multiple sclerosis, we could not ask for a more experienced partner to carry Tcelna (imilecleucel-T) through development and hopefully to the market and to patients. We also are pleased to retain important rights through this transaction, such as certain manufacturing rights, commercialization rights to the Japanese market and a co-funding of development option, as well as rights for all indications outside of MS, all of which are intended to enhance Opexa shareholder value."
Conference CallThe management of Opexa will host a conference call today, Tuesday, February 5, 2013, at 8:30 a.m. EST to discuss the agreement. To participate in the live conference call, please dial (877) 372-0867 (U.S.) or (253) 237-1170 (International). A live webcast of the call will also be available on the investor relations section of the Company's website, www.opexatherapeutics.com. An online archive of the webcast will be available on Opexa's website for one year following the call. About Multiple Sclerosis (MS) MS is a chronic, inflammatory condition of the central nervous system and is the most common, non-traumatic, disabling neurological disease in young adults. It is estimated that approximately two million people have MS worldwide.
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text:
This SWOT analysis and company profile is a crucial resource for industry executives and anyone looking to gain a better understanding of the company's business.
WMI's 'The Miyazaki Bank Ltd. (8393) : Company Profile and SWOT Analysis' report utilizes a wide range of primary and secondary sources, which are analyzed and presented in a consistent and easily accessible format.
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Key Highlights
The Miyazaki Bank, Ltd., (Miyazaki Bank) is one of the leading regional banks in Japan. The bank, through its subsidiaries, provides a range of retail banking and related financial services. It offers deposit and loan products to individual customers. The bank also
Author:Bill Thompsone-mailWeb: www.fastmr.comPhone: 18008448156


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I Kings
Chapter 7
|51. And all the work that king Solomon had wrought in the house of the Lord was finished. And Solomon brought in the things which David his father had dedicated; the silver, and the gold, and the vessels, (and) put them in the treasuries of the house of the Lord.
Chapter 8
|1. Then Solomon assembled the elders of Israel, and all the heads of the tribes, the princes of the fathers' (houses) of the children of Israel, unto king Solomon in Jerusalem; to bring up the ark of the covenant of the Lord out of the city of David, which is Zion.
|2. And all the men of Israel assembled themselves unto king Solomon at the feast in the month Ethanim, which (is) the seventh month.
|3. And all the elders of Israel came, and the priests took up the ark.
|4. And they brought up the ark of the Lord, and the tabernacle of meeting, and all the holy vessels which (were) in the tabernacle, and the priests and the Levites did bring them up.
|5. And King Solomon, and all the congregation of Israel, that were assembled unto him, (were) with him before the ark, sacrificing sheep and oxen, that could not be counted nor numbered for multitude.
|6. And the priests brought in the ark of the covenant of the Lord to its place, into the Sanctuary of the house, to the most holy (place), under the wings of the cherubim.
|7. For the cherubim spread forth (their) wings over the place of the ark, and the cherubim covered the ark and the staves thereof above.
|8. And the staves were so long that the ends of the staves were seen from the holy (place) before the Sanctuary, and they were not seen without; and they are there unto this day.
|9. There was nothing in the ark save the two tablets of stone which Moses put there at Horeb, when the Lord made (a covenant) with the children of Israel, when they came out of the land of Egypt.
|10. And it came to pass, when the priests came out of the holy (place), and the cloud filled the house of the Lord.
|11. And the priests could not stand to minister because of the cloud; for the glory of the Lord filled the house of the Lord.
|12. Then Solomon said, "The Lord said that He would dwell in the thick darkness.
|13. I have surely built You a house to dwell in; a settled place for You to dwell in forever."
|14. And the king turned his face about, and blessed all the congregation of Israel, and all the congregation of Israel stood.
|15. And he said, "Blessed (be) the Lord, the God of Israel Who spoke with His mouth unto David my father, and has fulfilled it with His hand, saying.
|16. 'Since the day that I brought forth My people Israel out of Egypt, I chose no city out of all the tribes of Israel to build a house, that My name might be therein; but I chose David to be over My people Israel.'
|17. And it was in the heart of David my father to build a house for the name of the Lord, the God of Israel.
|18. And the Lord said to David my father, 'Since it was in your heart to build a house unto My name, you did well that it was in your heart.
|19. Nevertheless, you shall not build the house; but your son that shall come forth out of your loins, he shall build the house for My name.'
|20. And the Lord has established His word that He spoke, and I have risen up in the place of David my father, and sit on the throne of Israel, as the Lord spoke, and have built a house for the name of the Lord, the God of Israel.
|21. And I have set there a place for the ark, wherein (is) the covenant of the Lord, which He made with our fathers, when He brought them out of the land of Egypt."


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Tolo First Friends Train Set
Chug on down the track with the Tolo First Friends Train Set! A brightly colored train set for young conductors, this set promotes imaginative play, as kids take on the roll of the First Friends Train Driver. Just set up the 10 pieces of track to form an oval shape, put the train on the track, and then the driver in the train. The electronic train then flashes its headlight, honks its horn and heads around the track when the head of the First Friend is pushed! The train and carriage can be separated, and there are on/off and demo switches as well. Turn the train "off" and your child can enjoy free-wheeled play. Bring a load to its destination with this powerful train set! Requires 3 AA batteries, included.
From Tolo Toys |
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- Electronic train set for toddlers and young kids
- Includes First Friends train driver, 10 pieces of track, train and carriage
- Train has on/off and demo switches, honking horn, light-up flashlight, and rides along the track
- Package measures 18.7" x 7.5" x 6"
- Requires 3 AA batteries, included
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text:
If you're just getting started as a writer and want to get your feet wet with minimal cost, communal publishing can be the answer.
This is the first in a series of detail articles which look more closely at the various means of publishing your work as a writer. The kick-off article gave a long list of these methods with a brief overview of each. Starting with this article we take a peek at the chapter in Writing for Profit or Pleasure: Where to Publish Your Work that covers each topic in great detail.
What is a Communal On-Line Publisher?
Most communal online publishers operate like enormous blogs with thousands of users. Non-members can read the articles and search by topic or author. Most offer writers a free account and encourage you to write often. The best of these offer community support through discussion forums where writers share tips and review one another's work. Some also offer writing contests. Some of these even offer cash prizes, though most are for bragging rights; but bragging rights are good too! Read the rest of this entry »


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Faulk, Siciliano Back in Broadcast BoothPosted by on August 8, 2012 – 4:40 PM
Posted in From the Sidelines | 4 Comments »
Rams Getting HealthyPosted by on August 8, 2012 – 12:01 AM
- For the most part – knocking on wood – the Rams have been able to remain healthy so far in this camp with any injuries being of the soft tissue, day to day variety. Part of that is coach Jeff Fisher's emphasis on taking care of his players and not pushing them to return too quickly when a hamstring grabs or a calf gets tight.
- And though there have been quite a few of those ailments early in camp, the Rams are already starting to take shape again in no small part because of that approach.
- After their DBs who had been battling injuries returned on Monday, the Rams got the services of LT Rodger Saffold and RB Daryl Richardson back in practice on Tuesday. Same for TE Lance Kendricks.
- Richardson had the most severe injury, suffering a hamstring pop in a workout away from St. Louis in the offseason. But he was back in action and Fisher is optimistic he can play this week in Indianapolis. For what it's worth, Richardson looked quick and strong (that's what fresh legs will do) in today's practice.
- The only Rams missing from today's practice were C Scott Wells (knee), DT Trevor Laws and WR Brandon Gibson. Wells did some light work on the side.
- Fisher did pull back the reins on RB Steven Jackson a bit just to make sure he stays fresh. He explained after the practice.
"We just kind of backed him down today," Fisher said. "Jack worked hard the first part of practice and we backed Jack down after that."
- With Jackson taking a breather, the Rams gave plenty of reps to backup Isaiah Pead (be sure to read about him further on the front page). Pead had been struggling the past couple of days but had a good day on Tuesday. Fisher said he took a step forward and Pead seemed to be in tune most of the day. On one run, he made a slick cutback and beat James Laurinaitis to the corner untouched for what would have been a big gainer.
- Likewise, rookie WR Brian Quick seems to be getting past any initial rookie struggles. He's been solid two days in a row and made a really impressive grab as he skied for the ball and a touchdown in the back left corner of the end zone late in practice.
- WR Austin Pettis was shaken up late in practice but bounced back and finished.
- DE Robert Quinn continues to terrorize any offensive lineman put in front of him. Quinn has been so consistently dominant in practice that Fisher has been making an interesing analogy to a running back he had in Tennessee who was so dominant that Fisher couldn't help but wonder if it would translate to games.
"He kind of reminds me a little bit of Chris Johnson in his rookie year and training camp where it was just 'Gosh, if this was a game, do you think he'd score?'" Fisher said. "We are thinking if this was a game he should have a few sacks by the time the game is over."
- Rookie DT Michael Brockers continues to just overwhelm blockers with brute strength. He's not as raw as the previous sentence might make him sound but his first strike is so powerful, it's hard to ignore.
- K Greg Zuerlein continues to boom kicks from long distances. He connected from 60 yards out on one field goal with plenty of room to spare and hit one 54-yarder that not only went in but hit about three quarters of the way up the video tower.
- LB Justin Cole got some reps with the first team at SLB today. The Rams continue to rotate different people at different positions.
- RT Jason Smith has seemingly improved every day, especially in one on ones.
- WR Danario Alexander made his presence felt Tuesday, making some nice catches over the middle including a one-handed grab with his left hand.
- That'll do it for today. The Rams are back on the practice field at 5:30 tomorrow. That practice is free and open to the public.
Posted in From the Sidelines | 4 Comments »


text:
What's NewI spy with my little eye… an all-new app icon! (The old one used just a bit too much wood for our environmentalist sensibilities.)
App DescriptionFrom the maker of Camera+
"…an elegant, intuitive interface. We love it."
— Wired.com
Over 350,000 copies sold!
Convert is a unit converter and calculator designed with simplicity, usability, and beauty in mind.
In a nutshell, we created Convert because we just weren't satisfied with any other unit converter in the App Store. Once you try Convert, you'll see how much thought and effort went into making it so intuitive and efficient to use.
'àö Simple, elegant user interface
√ Built-in calculator… no need to switch to the Calculator app
'àö Unit calculations
'àö A simple way to set and get to your favorite units
'àö Currency conversion values updated live
'àö Copy & paste to save you typing
√ Groundbreaking "SwipePad" enables you to get to full scientific calculator functions without having to rotate your phone
√ Innovative "Disclosure Picker" for revealing unit names makes selection easier
√ Revolutionary "Magic Lens" displays only relevant info, reducing clutter
'àö angle
'àö area
'àö audio
'àö data size (bits, bytes, megabytes etc)
'àö data transfer
'àö currency
'àö energy
'àö flow
'àö force
'àö frequency
'àö fuel consumption
'àö illuminance
'àö length
'àö power
'àö pressure
'àö shoe sizes
'àö si prefixes
'àö speed
'àö temperature
'àö time
'àö torque
'àö typography (points, picas, pixels, etc)
'àö volume
'àö weight
Convert enables you to easily perform complicated unit calculations…
Having a dinner party and need to triple a recipe? Let's say your recipe calls for 2 tablespoons plus 2 teaspoons of sugar. Using Convert, you can quickly find out that tripling it is a half cup and save yourself a lot of scooping!
App Changes
January 23, 2014 New version 2.0.2
November 27, 2013 New version 2.0.1
October 03, 2013 Price Decrease: $2.99 -> $0.99
October 03, 2013 New version 2
December 18, 2011 Price Decrease: $2.99 -> $0.99
August 13, 2009 Initial Release


text:
Quick & Easy Asian Cooking » Lee Kum Kee Easy Seasoning » LKK Chili Bean Sauce 8 oz
LKK Chili Bean Sauce 8 oz
Product Number - 11568
Bin Number - 3246
Made from a special blend of chili and fermented broad beans, this Sichuan-style chili sauce is great for dipping or making spicy dishes.
Learn more about Lee Kum Kee and its history here!
Nutritional Information
|Amount Per Serving
|Calories From Fat
|% Daily Value
|Total Fat
|0 g
|0 %
|Saturated Fat
|0 g
|0 %
|Trans Fat
|0 g
|0 %
|0 mg
|0 %
|310 mg
|13 %
|Total Carbohydrate
|1 g
|0 %
|Dietary Fiber
|0 g
|0 %
|0 g
|Vitamin A
|2 %
|Vitamin C
|0 %
|0 %
|0 %
Serving Size: 1 tsp (6 g)
Serving per Container: 38
Net wt. 8 oz (226 g)
Salted chili pepper (chili, salt), water, fermented soybean paste )water, salt soybean, wheat flour), fermented broad bean paste (broad bean, water, salt, wheat flour), sugar, garlic, spice, modified corn starch, soybean oil, lactic acid, disodium 5'-inosinate and disodium 5'- guanylate as flavor enhancers.
- Product of China
- Percent Daily Values (DV) are
based on a 2,000 calorie diet
- Not responsible for typos,
inaccuracies, misinformation,
or omission stated or implied.
Product Recipe
Ma Po Tofu
- Stir-fry 4 oz minced beef/pork for 1/2 min put on dish.
- Add 1 tbsp Minced Garlic and 1-1/2 tbsp Chili Bean Sauce, 12 oz diced bean curd, beef/pork and 3 tbsp water, cook through.
Customer Reviews
|Sunday Jul 17 2011 08:50
|by Jessica
|We saw this kind of sauce being made on Andrew Zimmern's show Bizarre Foods, looked online to find some to try, and ordered a jar of this. It's AWESOME. I make my own spaghetti sauce and a small spoonful of this turns a good sauce into a really delicious sauce. Gives it a rich, sort of meaty flavor. It's also good spread thinly on some chicken and then cooked in the oven. I'm sure we'll find other ways to use it too, it's becoming a staple. By the way, for other Andrew Zimmern fans, he even mentions Lee Kum Kee brand on his website and says it "works great!" :)
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10 Rarest Birthmarks
April 16, 2014 Bizarre No Comments
In the beginning glance, this man appears like he's part-man, part-wolf, but look carefully and you'll observe that it's really body hair and a huge birthmark. Zhang Hongming from Chongqing, south eastern China, is nicknamed "Chimpanzee." He appealed to doctors for assist in eliminating the heavy dark hair that covers section of his body. For


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I'm sorry but I see this topic come up all the time and I really don't see what the big deal is. The way I look at it, not receiving a response is a response. It means that the person that you sent the message to is not interested. It's time to move on to the next one. Or maybe send one more message if you think the person's really special. Then move on. There's 7 billion people on this earth which means there's a pretty good chance that there's someone for everyone. And the more we develop the ability to brush off rejection the better equipped we will be to put ourselves out there in order find the right one. Imagine that you're at a cocktail party for singles. It would be like being on Catholic Match but it would be in person. You're there, you're single, and you see someone that catches your fancy. You know that the person sees you so you give him or her a big smile from across the room only to have that person ignore you. What would proper etiquette be here? Is that person obliged to come over and say sorry, I saw you smile at me and I'm interested in you? Or, I apologize but you're a brunette and I'm holding out for a blonde? No, of course not. And you'd most likely just go on about doing whatever it was that you were doing at the time and try not to worry about it which is what I believe should be done when we are ignored here.
If I send out a message to someone, I don't assume that they owe me a reply back or that if they don't reply they're being rude.
There are many reasons why someone won't reply;
1. They may not be a paid member. I think in the past people who hadn't paid to be a member of the site couldn't send an emote--even a blank emote. Now they can. When I wasn't a paid member at different points, I assumed I couldn't send an emote back.
2. They don't want to mislead someone into thinking they have an interest in them. I did sometimes send out a smile emote after I realized that I could do so without being a paid member. Sometimes people would respond right away with a message that I then could not read. After a few responses like that, I thought it was best to not even send a blank emote, if I wasn't able to continue the conversation. Not everyone is up on the changes in the site. They might not know that non-paying members can send a smile or that they can't read messages sent to them. At one point, I think people were able to read messages, but not respond.
Also, as Victor mentioned in an earlier post, people can take even clear replies of non-interest to be an encouragement to "try harder". There are only so many times you can say "not interested" before realizing that you have to stop replying at all.
3. Some people are married and still have a profile here. For whatever reason there can be outdated profiles on the site. I know that a couple people occasionally came up on searches, or on the home page after they were married and no longer active on the site. Who knows why their profile wasn't removed? Maybe they chose to not have notifications sent to them about messages and forgot they hadn't removed their profile. Maybe the email that they linked their profile to is one they no longer use and they've forgotten to remove their profile.
4. Sometimes there are things happening in real life, and we can't respond. When my Mom died, I was a paying member here. She died suddenly, and my Dad needed lots of care. The last thing I was worried about was replying to messages on CM. Even when things got back to a routine, I didn't have the emotional energy to respond (at times).
I've been a paying member on and off for 6 or 7 years. When I've been a paying member, there have been many instances when real life "stuff" kept me from replying to messages... I was in the process of moving both my home and studio, and didn't have the time or energy to spend on CM. After moving it took FOREVER to get internet set up at my new place. Trips to the library to use the internet were used mainly for business correspondence. When I'm prepping for a big art show, and running on little sleep, I don't have the energy to be corresponding online.
5. They may have a lot of messages to reply to and find it hard to catch up with replies. Yes, it can happen. Off and on, I've had a profile on a free site. Women can get swamped with messages when they have a profile there--especially when they're new to the site. I've had pages of messages to answer, and every time I went on the site more people would message me (it shows up somewhere that you're "new" and "online"). As I would reply to 5 or 6 messages, 10 more would come in (often from people I had just sent replies to). I had pages and pages of unanswered email within a few weeks and it took a lot of time to answer them. I put "Any good Catholic guys out there?" in my tag line, and got MANY angry messages from anti-Catholics. Lots of people sending me rude emails about the abuse that has taken place in the Catholic church. I especially tried to respond to those emails with polite messages back, but it took a LOT of time, and I didn't reply to every message.
6. Sometimes the messages don't warrant a response. Do I really need to reply to "Hey, you're cute/sexy. Wanna hook up?" ? This sort of message was more prevalent on the free site, but there have been versions of it on CM as well.
To sum up, we really don't know for sure if people have even received an email. If they have, they don't "owe" us anything. If they don't reply, it's not necessarily rude. You have to have a bit of a thick skin to be on online dating sites. The best experience is when you don't take yourself too seriously or make the assumption that every person's inattentiveness is a reflection of your worthiness or theirs.
Thanks for the intricate response, I appreciate it. I was an unpaid member 7 years ago, and if I recall, I could send a blank smiley face then, I don't know what the current restrictions are, since I've been a paid member for something like 2.5 years now. And one of the first things I check for is when they were last active on the site- I'm not going to bother sending something to someone who hasn't been active in 3+ weeks or so. And although I do get the emotional drainage being a hindrance (I have had a deathly emotional year myself), I think, even after many months, it's still polite to reply...
Most of my experience I'm talking about is: I message or send an emote to a guy, he views my profile once or twice, and doesn't send a single thing back. I only message active profiles (where it says "active in: forums, chat, polls, etc") so I'd think, since I see them looking at my profile, and are online, that they could at least send a smile back. If it goes on a while, and both are interested and one's not a paid member, there are ways to find each other on the internet. I think I agree with the earlier post though, that it feels like applying for a job, or having an interview, and never hearing back....but I'm a really open person, I'm willing to meet just about anybody and send out a lot of emotigrams; half the people who have come to my door selling something have ended up staying for tea, for dinner, invited in to a party, sat out back and talked over coffee- and a few times became good friends! Not to say I don't have precautions ;) (I usually have one particularone in my purse for example, hah) I'm just a very open person, and maybe I expect too much openness from others, hmm....
I have been told though, that men and women think very differently about this topic. I have a male friend who wrote me love letters and such at a time, and I was going to write back of course and say "Thank you, but no, I enjoy being your friend :)" and EVERY male I knew told me "Either write back: 'No. Leave me alone.' Or just ignore him entirely." ! Because to a man any type of friendly reply is encouraging (?) I'm not sure about that, maybe a different topic.
I like a lot of the guys I see on here, in my age range and locale, but if I send an emotigram, or a message, and you can't even send a smile back, and just ignore me, it's the biggest turn off, and just rude, in my opinion. I get that you might not have a lot of time, so maybe in a few days? A few weeks? I will notice even if a few months go by. I might not reply to messages right away myself, but I always do eventually. Even if you don't have a paid membership, you can ALWAYS send a smile...you never know what kind of a difference it could make to someone who's feeling particularly down that day.
More than taking it personally, I see it as a character flaw I don't want in a person after all. Or am I being weird in this?
After reading these posts, I just had to add, that one of my biggest pet peve is when some deliberatly ignores me. With that said, I do reallize that sometimes people forget they have these online accounts or whatever, but it does become dishartening when you send out thoughtful messages and get absolutely nothing back from multiple people. It isn't just this site either, I know that.
You don't know about the CM Inverse Response Relationship? The inverse relationship between the more you seemingly have in common with the chance they're actually going to respond? Similar in age, interests, outlook, relative attractiveness, locale being the lowest chance of getting a response to people living thousands of miles away or even on a different planet giving you the highest chance for a response?
I just think that even if I am "not interested" at the moment, it is still polite just to at least send back a hello or something.
For me to sned any communication to a guy, it is a big deal. In person, I would never ever call a guy first (that is just me, sorry, it is what it is and I am not changing). So, sending anything and not getting ay sort of response? Well, that is why I don't contact guys first.
I just think that even if I am "not interested" at the moment, it is still polite just to at least send back a hello or something.
For me to sned any communication to a guy, it is a big deal. In person, I would never ever call a guy first (that is just me, sorry, it is what it is and I am not changing). So, sending anything and not getting ay sort of response? Well, that is why I don't contact guys first.
That is a very good point! A lot of us girls might be more "traditional" and like the guy to communicate first, so when we do reach out, it might mean a bit more than flippantly smiling at passeryby in reality. I am not one to call a guy first either, I have never asked a man out on a date, it's just not happening. So, although it would be polite, as always, for women to also return a message or emotigram at their convenience, perhaps it holds more weight when a fellow replies or doesnt reply to one form a lady?


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Finishing fifth of 20 entries in the ECAC Collegiate Championships Sun., May 11 in Worcester, Mass., the Cardinals used the fine showing to impress the NCAA selection committee such that Wesleyan earned its third-ever invitational to the NCAA National Championship to be held in Indianapolis, Ind. Fri.-Sat., May 30-31. The fifth-place effort in the ECAC regatta was the highest finish by Wesleyan since last qualifying for Nationals in 2001. At that time, the Cardinals placed fourth of 18 entries in the ECAC affair. The previous year (2000), the Cardinals placed second in both the New Englands and ECACs en route to their first national qualification. Those two seasons, all divisions were lumped together. This year, Wesleyan is a Division III participant. in 2013, Wesleyan took 10th place in the ECAC regatta, demonstrating solid improvement in a year's time. Wesleyan's opening race for the varsity 8 at the NCAAs was at 8:50 am on Friday. There were two heats of four boats each with the top two finishers of each heat automatically qualifying for the grand final on Saturday. The remaining four boats competed again Friday afternoon at 3:40 p.m. for a spot in the six-boat grand final. Wesleyan placed third in its initial heat behind top-seeded Bates and fourth-seeded Wellesley. Wesleyan was about eight seconds behind Bates and six seconds shy of Wellesley. Wesleyan's time was about nine seconds faster than the third-place finisher, Washington College, in the second heat, but the Cardinals placed second behind Wash. Col. in the repechage race, still good enough to make the grand final at 11 a.m. on Sat., May 31 as one of the final six boats. The Cardinals' second varsity eight also made the grand final, winning the repechage to make the final four. Their race is at 10:40 a.m. Saturday. All races will be webcast and also feature live results.
Representing Wesleyan in the ECAC Championships in the varsity 8 race was the boating of Ava Miller Lewis '17, Remy Johnson '16, Kayla Cloud '14, Emma Koramshahi '16, Annie Dade '16, Clare Doyle '14, Emily Johnson '13, Hannah Korevaar '14 and cox Brianne Weimann '15. The Cardinals raced past Ithaca, Colby, Smith, Clark and Conn. College in their heat while placing second to Trinity by 2.7 seconds. In the grand final, Wesleyan trailed Bates, Williams, Trinity and Wellesley at the finish with Washington College behind the Cardinals. These six teams comprise the NCAA team field as each will be represented by a varsity 8 and a second varsity 8 at Nationals. The other two varsity 8s in the field are from Puget Sound and William Smith. The NESCAC also announced its all-conference squad and Cloud (rower third from the right) was a first-team choice while Doyle (rower third from the left) received a nod to the second team. Doyle was also a second-team pick in 2013.
Wesleyan will have strong representation in the second varsity 8 race as the Cardinals picked up their second bronze medal in two weeks, placing third at ECACs. Wesleyan won its heat by 5.3 seconds behind the rowing of Avery Mushinski '15, Emily Sinkler '14, Emma Buford '16, Emma Halter '17, Hannah Brigham '17, Lucy Finn '14, Eva Frieden '15 and Ellen Paik '16 and the steering and cadence of cox Ari Rudess '15. Bates and Trinity outstroked the Cardinals to the finish line in the grand final whie Weseyan defeated Williams for the third week in a row.
Wesleyan's other two entries in the ECACs both qualified for the grand final as well with the third varsity 8 placing fourth of 11 and the novice 8 taking fourth of 12 boats.
(photo by Tony Grupposo P'16)


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When we started getting ready for the baby, we converted the office to a nursery. DH and I both work from home. The deal was that we would set up a desk in the master bedroom to work from when one of us needed privacy for work. The desk hasn't been moved to the bedroom yet - it's currently in the dining room.
So for the last two months, DH has been working from our old glider in the nursery. DH is a really big guy - around 300 lbs. (I'm not writing this to complain about his weight, so please don't read it that way) The problem is that he has completely killed the cushion in the glider. It's also starting to creak due to the way he leans back in it all day.
I was planning to spend hours every day nursing the baby in this chair and now the cushion's flat and the chair's wobbly. I said something last week to remind DH that he needed to get the desk set up because the nursery chair isn't built for this kind of use, but he's up there again today in the glider. I know he'll veto buying a new glider just because this one's worn out and not broken. But I'm starting to get upset.
It's an older glider and I can't buy new cushions for it with matching armrests and everything. I might be able to get his grandmother to make me new ones - she used to be a seamstress and does that sort of thing alot. I just don't know what to do about it since I'm not in any condition to carry the desk and heavy office chair up the stairs myself. I don't want to hurt his feelings because he is sensitive about his weight, but I do need this chair in working order. I guess this is more of a vent post, but if anyone has any ideas that might help I appreciate it.
I guess another part that's irritating me is that I'm the one that put in all the work getting the nursery together. I put up the crib, painted the walls, decorated, everything. It's only since I made it nice in there that he's taken over the room. Now his work stuff is laying around and his coffee cups get left on the dresser and he's just generally screwing up my nesting!
Maybe i'm pushy, but if this was my DH I'd do one of the following
#1: Stand over his shoulder while he is working until he decides to do things your way and take the desk to the bedroom or promise to do it that night (if the promise didn't fold out - again i'd resort to stalking over his shoulder)
#2: Start pushing the chair/desk to the stairs and then ask for "help". "Honey i'm trying to get this desk upstairs, it's pretty heavy. Come help me real quick please!"


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Or find a doctor at another Johns Hopkins Medicine member:
Peter Magdy Abadir, MD
Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Appointment Phone
Main Location
Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical CenterView All Locations
Out-of-State & International Patients +
Out of State Patients
Call 410-464-6641 (8a.m. to 6p.m., EST, Mon-Fri)
International Patients
Call +1-410-502-0773 (7a.m. to 6p.m., EST, Mon-Fri)
- Assistant Professor
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
Geriatric Medicine
Research Interests
Understanding the role of angiotensin II in development of vascular aging.; Signal transduction and the role of the cross talk between Angiotensin II receptor in aging.; Changes in the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone system with aging.
- English
- French
- Arabic
The American Geriatrics Society (AGS), Member Since 2007
The Gerontological Society of America (GSA), Member Since 2007
The Gerontological Society of America (GSA), Member Since 2007
Additional Resources
Education +
- University of Al Fateh (Tripoli ) (1997)
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine / Family Medicine (Lexington KY) (2007)
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine / Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (Baltimore MD) (2009)
- University of Virginia School of Medicine (Charlottesville VA) (2004)
- American Board of Family Medicine / Geriatrics (2010)
- American Board of Family Medicine / Family Medicine (2007)
Research & Publications +
Selected PublicationsAbdel-Rahman, E. M., Abadir, P. M., & Siragy, H. M. (2008). Regulation of renal 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in diabetes by angiotensin AT1 and AT2 receptors. American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2008 Nov; 295(5):R1473-8.
Abadir, P. M., Periasamy, A., Carey, R. M., & Siragy, H. M. (2006). Angiotensin II type 2 receptor-bradykinin B2 receptor functional heterodimerization. Hypertension, 2006 Aug;48(2):316-22.
Siragy, H. M., Xue, C., Abadir, P., & Carey, R. M. (2005). Angiotensin subtype-2 receptors inhibit renin biosynthesis and angiotensin II formation. Hypertension, 2005 Jan;45(1):133-7.
Abadir, P. M., Carey, R. M., & Siragy, H. M. (2003). Angiotensin AT2 receptors directly stimulate renal nitric oxide in bradykinin B2-receptor-null mice. Hypertension, 2003 Oct;42(4):600-604
Siragy, H. M., Awad, A., Abadir, P., & Webb, R. (2003). The angiotensin II type 1 receptor mediates renal interstitial content of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in diabetic rats. Endocrinology, 2003 Jun;144(6):2229-33.
Academic Affiliations & Courses +
Activities & Honors +
HonorsOctober 2004: The American Heart Association-Merck New Investigator Award for U.S. Fellows in the 58th American Heart Association Annual Fall Conference and Scientific Sessions of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research in association with the Council on the Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease. Chicago, Illinois.
July 2005: University of Kentucky College of Medicine- East Kentucky Family Medicine Residency Intern of the Year 2004-2005 Award. Hazard, Kentucky.
August 2006: The American Academy of Family Physicians Community Outreach Award
In the 2006 National Conference of Family Medicine Residents and Medical Students. Kansas City, Missouri.
October 2006: The American Academy of Family Physicians Award for Excellence in Graduate Medical Education. In the AAFP Scientific Assembly Meeting. Washington, DC.
April 2007: The Honorable Order of Kentucky Colonels. Commissioned by the Governor of Kentucky; Ernie Fletcher. The highest honor awarded by the Commonwealth of Kentucky. In recognition of outreach programs in underserved areas in KY. Frankfort, KY.
May 2007: The American Academy of Family Physicians Scholarship Award for Residents. In the Annual Family Medicine Congressional Conference. Washington, DC.
June 2007: University of Kentucky College of Medicine- East Kentucky Family Medicine Residency Chief Resident of the Year 2006-2007 Award. Hazard, Kentucky
June 2007: University of Kentucky College of Medicine- East Kentucky Family Medicine Residency Resident Merit Award. Hazard, Kentucky
October 2007: The North American Primary Care Research Group Recognition Award for outstanding service as Resident Representative and contribution to the NAPCRG Board of Directors. Vancouver, Canada.
Professional Activities2009-present Assistant Professor, Division of Geriatric Medicine & Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD
2009-present Attending, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center
2009-present Attending, Johns Hopkins Bayview Care Center
Videos & Media +
Events +
Contact & Locations +
LocationsJohns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center5501 Hopkins Bayview CircleAsthma & Allergy Center1A.33Baltimore, MD 21224Phone: 410-550-5436Appointment Phone: 410-550-0925Fax: 410-550-3143Location Map
- Medicine - Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology


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« Citing Ugaritic Tablets and Texts and How to Get Them Online
Hiltzik by Some Other Name »
April 20, 2006
On Unprovenanced Artifacts
Jim West and Chris Heard both have posts on Larry Stager's "Statement of Concern" about the publication and study of unprovenanced artifacts. You can read Stager's statement on Jim's site. The American Schools of Oriental Research and Archaeological Institute of America both have restrictions against publishing artifacts that were acquired by private individuals or institutions after December 30, 1973. I've reproduced their policy statements below. These restrictions are often applied more broadly to include any object whose archeological provenance and context is unknown: in other words, illegally excavated or stolen artifacts many of which appear on the antiquities market and end up in private hands. The goal of these policies is two fold: one, to restrict the pilfering of other countries national treasures and, two, to reduce or eliminate the looting of antiquities. Many also hope that these kinds of prohibitions would also restrict the market for forgeries.
But, as Stager's statement says, "Yet it is almost universally recognized that this prohibition on publication has had little or no effect on looting." What the restriction does is delay, but seldom prevents, the publication of potentially valuable material. The recent publication of the Gospel of Judas is a case in point.
And the funny thing is that not all stolen artifacts that appear in the antiquities market are truly unprovenanced even when they are clearly stolen. I personally know of several published artifacts whose find spot is reasonable reconstructable to within centimeters and, therefore, whose archeological context is as well known as any find from that particularly site.
Chris worries about the extent to which publishing unprovenanced artifacts may promote forgery. This, of course, is a legitimate concern. Certainly, the main driver behind forgery, like looting, is economics. And restricting the forgers market would be useful. However, I'm not so sure how much limits on publication and study actually restrict that market. Rather, I'm afraid it may increase the market by protecting the forgers from the scrutiny of scholarly debate. Remember, rich people, not scholars, tend to be the market for forgers. True, some museums have been duped from time to time but they are learning and do not make up the major portion of the market. I think Frank Moore Cross made this point somewhere or other (in BAR?).
There is no doubt that something needs to be done to reduce the economic benefits of looting and forgery. But I am sure that restricting publication, if it does any good at all, does less good than the harm done by keeping important unprovenanced artifacts out of their other important context: scholarly study and debate. I agree with Stager that these policies need revision if not illumination. As Stager correctly says,
Yes, it would be nice if we always had professionally excavated materials to study and publish. But that is not the situation. Our choice is either to study unprovenanced material or ignore it. Given that choice, we prefer to study unprovenanced material. The sweeping exclusion of unprovenanced material from scholarly consideration results only in a loss to scholars, to scholarship and ultimately to the public.
The Policies:
The American Institute of Archaeology Policy:
In keeping with the revised (2004) policy of the Archaeological Institute of America, the AJA will not accept any article that serves as the primary publication of any object or archaeological material in a private or public collection after 30 December 1973 unless its existence is documented before that date or it was legally exported from the country of origin. An exception may be made if, in the view of the Editor-in-Chief, the aim of the article is to emphasize the loss of archaeological context.
The American School of Oriental Research Policy:
Authors are reminded of an editorial policy instituted by this journal in 1978: BASOR will not serve as the initial place of publication or announcement of any object acquired by an individual or institution after 30 December 1973. This policy is in full accord with that established by the Archaeological Institute of America for it publications . . . .
In both cases there is an exception for an object that was legally exported.
Update April 21, 2006
Jim Davila has a post on this issue. I have left a comment there.
Further Update April 21, 2006:
Jane C. Waldbaum, President, Archaeological Institute of America, has a response to Stager's "Statement." It provides an interesting prospective that should not be ignored.
Again via Jim West
Posted by DuaneSmith at April 20, 2006 07:29 PM | Read more on Archaeology |
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In-Depth Photos of Mexico's Cartel Violence Go Beyond the Bodies
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- 6:30 am |
- Permalink
- Tens of thousands of young people from the #yosoy132 movement and other civil society organizations marched in Mexico City to protest what they consider a "large number of anomalies, electoral crimes and violent acts" one day after the general elections for president. In the image, youth express their dissatisfaction with the PRI's national executive committee. Mexico City. July 2, 2012.
- Members of the student movement #yosoy132 gather in the Plaza of the Three Cultures in Tlatelolco, in Mexico City during the March for Democracy. Back in 1968, hundreds of students were killed under the rule of Gustavo Diaz Ordaz (PRI) during a similar peaceful demonstration. Mexico City. July 30, 2012.
- Politicians and people close to the PRI and Enrique Peña Nieto celebrate their victory after the results of the presidential elections were announced. Mexico City. July 1, 2012.
- A foreign journalist records audio as Enrique Peña Nieto is announced as the winner of the general Mexican elections for president. Mexico City. July 1, 2012.
- Although the civil and student movement peacefully demonstrated during the elections, occasionally people tried to destabilize the movement. In this scene a anarchic young man tries to stop a coke truck from passing through the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE). The crowd moved quickly and forced the young man to stop. Mexico City. July 3, 2012.
- A private security guard takes a picture with his mobile phone as the student demonstration crosses the exclusive district of Polanco. Mexico City. July 2, 2012.
- Polling officials count the votes after closing a polling station in the Condesa neighborhood on election day. Mexico City. July 1, 2012.
- Demonstrations outside the main offices of the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE). Mexico City. July 3, 2012.
- Members and close friends of the Institutional Revolutionary Party celebrating the victory of Enrique Peña Nieto. Mexico City. July 1, 2012.
- A police officer aims his weapon at a private home being cleared by members of the army and the federal police in Acapulco. September 4, 2011.
- A gun lies on the sidewalk after a fight in Acapulco. September 6, 2011.
- After villagers in and around Ayulta rose up in armed revolt against criminal groups and state and federal authorities, life began to get back to normal after years of insecurity. A wedding party makes its way through the streets. Ayutla de los Libres. January 26, 2013.
- Militia members at the main checkpoint in Ayutla de los Libres. January 27, 2013.
- Ranchers in Tecoanapa, near Ayutla, vote in favor of having local militiamen provide security. Ayutla de los Libres. January 27, 2013.
- Rodrigo Jijon, one of the local ranchers in Ayutla de los Libres. January 27, 2013.
- Armed villagers patrol the streets of Ayutla. They have instituted a curfew and detained numerous people they suspect of involvement with criminal gangs. January 27, 2013.
- Marisol Valles Garcia in El Paso, Texas. December 14, 2011.
- Group of exiles named Mexicans in Exile, demonstrate outside the offices of the Mexican consulate in El Paso, Texas. December 16, 2011.
- A kid poses for a portrait in a dinner in Tornillo, Texas one of the towns that sits on the other side of the Guadalupe Valley, one of the most affected and violent areas near Ciudad Juarez. November 8, 2012.
- Party at a Chucky Cheese Pizza. El Paso, Texas, December 17, 2012.
- Nightclub in El Paso, Texas November 9 2012.
- Cayeyo Hernandez, a rancher and hunter, poses for a portrait on the farm where his family raises Spanish fighting bulls. Villa de Arriaga, San Luis Potosí. February 14, 2012.
- Prickly pear cactus in Ganaderia Guanamé. Villa de Arriaga, San Luis Potosí. September 4, 2012.
- Spanish fighting bulls in Ganaderia Guanamé. Villa de Arriaga, San Luis Potosí. February 14, 2012.
- Friends of Cayeyo´s father before a tienta, where they test the best bulls to be fought. Villa de Arriaga, San Luis Potosí. September 9, 2012.
- Traffickers have been appropriating ranches all across Mexico but it is more common in the northern parts of the country. Villa de Arriaga, San Luis Potosí. September 7, 2012.
- A beheaded elephant lies in a pool in a hunter's home while doing restorations. San Luis Potosí . October 26, 2007.
- Dogs killed after they were caught eating sick cattle. Ranchers do this to prevent the dogs from eating more cattle. Villa de Arriaga. San Luis Potosí February 15, 2012.
- A cowboy from Ganaderia Guaname prepares a horse to carry graze to the bulls. Villa de Arriaga, San Luis Potosí. February 15, 2012.
- A Texan wedding in a former henequen hacienda. Tekit de Regil, Yucatan. November 24, 2012.
- Graduation ceremony of the UIMQROO Mayan Intercultural University of Quintana Roo. Jose Maria Morelos, Quintana Roo. August 31, 2013.
- A massive yoga class at the Yucatan Country Club. Mérida, Yucatan. May 19, 2013.
- Oyuki, an escaramuza member of Henequeneras de Guadalupe, shares a moment with her horse before their performance in the lienzo charro Los Laureles in the northern part of the city. Merida, Yucatan 2013.
- Roger Cima and Pat Boy, mayan hip hop singers during a performance at a Mayan music festival in the Peon Contreras theatre in Merida. Merida, Yucatan 2013.
- Traditional hunters. Abala, Yucatan 2013.
- Pedrito's baptism. Yokdzonot, Yucatan 2013.
Dead bodies make for some of the most shocking photos to come out of Mexico's drug wars, but they only tell a small part of the story. While Mauricio Palos' portfolio about violence in Mexico contains a disturbing image of a decapitated head lying casually under a box, overall the images are more poetic, more thoughtful. The bodies are there, they're just not the focus.
"Mexico is multifaceted country and it's impossible to see this story from only what's going on in the streets," says Palos.
Palos, 32, grew up and still lives in Mexico. The project includes photos of protesters during the 2012 presidential elections and of ranchers and hunters in the area near San Luis Potosí because he knows the story of violence is more complicated and layered.
"Overall this project was triggered by the idea of violence, but more broadly it's also an ethnographic study of Mexico," he says. To understand the violence, he says, you have to understand the country.
The Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) won the presidency in 2012 after being sidelined for a dozen years. For the 71 years before that, it had a strangle hold on Mexican politics and was known for cutting deals with the drug cartels and turning a blind-eye to their operations. During the 2012 elections is was accused of buying votes and paying television stations for favorable coverage. It's this context that makes photos of the protest a necessary part of the project.
The rancher photos in San Luis Potosí are inspired by the story of Don Alejo Garza Tamen, 77, a ranch owner who killed four members of a cartel who tried to take over his ranch for their own purposes. Palos couldn't visit that exact ranch, but he found and photographed another ranch that he thought was similar to try and give a sense for what it's like to live in the kinds of rural areas threatened by the cartels who like to use the ranches for hideouts and training areas. The story is an understandable microcosm of the larger, incomprehensible problem.
Palos calls this section of the project "La Ley del Monte," or the law of the mountain. It's a term used to describe those places that sit outside the law for various reasons. For him it's an appropriate title for these rural areas that often have to defend themselves because no one else will. But it's also an apt title for the entire project (which he hopes to turn into a book) because the violence in Mexico has created its own set of rules.
In the section called "Come and Take It," Palos photographed people who have fled the violence and re-settled in the United States, including Marisol Valles Garcia, who shot to fame after she took the police chief job in the border town of Praxedis. It was news not only because she was so young, just 20 years old, but because of the danger she put herself in. Her predecessor was tortured by cartels and then beheaded. Valles Garcia lasted just a couple months before the death threats forced her to flee.
In another story, Palos photographed the residents of Ayulta, Mexico, who evicted both the cartels and the government from their town because they said they couldn't trust either. The town is one of several in Mexico that have taken the law into its own hands because of a lack of trust in the government. The goriest photos in the project are from Juarez and Acapulco, which have both been areas of intense violence.
Palos, who recently joined the Boreal Collective, is currently in Mérida, the capital of the state of Yucatan, working on a story about the long history of conflict between the indigenous communities there and the various groups who have tried to enslave or exploit them. It's another story that doesn't seem to fit neatly into the theme, but Palos says there's a thread. The drug war isn't just about drugs he says, but also about economic disparities, control of land, and racial hierarchies, all of which fueled the conflicts in the Yucatan.
"What we experience today reaches back into these moments," he says. "I realize that at this point the story seems messy, and it's complex journey, but it will all come together."
Part of La Ley del Monte is being produced with help from FONCA and pieces of the story have been published in COLORS Magazine, The Wall Street Journal and Gatopardo Magazine. The project is also part of TLC Posse, a collaborative documentation of cross-border issues in North America. TLC stands for Tratado de Libre Comercio, the Spanish for North American Free Trade Agreement. TLC is Palos, photographer Brett Gundlock (Canadian), and photographer Dominic Bracco II (American). Follow @TLCPosse on Twitter.


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Dozens and dozens of appetizers perfect for the winter season.
Complete the meal with your favorite holiday side dishes.
Delicious recipes, party ideas, and cooking tips! Get a year of Allrecipes magazine for $5!
See how to make an easy, elegant pastry shell for sweet and savory fillings.
See a simple process that lets butter withstand higher heat.
Not just for fish sticks anymore! This easy 'tarter sauce' is super versatile.


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Oct 10 - As a member-owned and controlled organization, the SHAZAM network is uniquely poised to compete in the post-Durbin era. Thats the position of Steve Handke, president and chief operating officer at Union State Bank in Everest, Kan. Handke was recently elected to a one-year term as chairperson of the EFT networks board of directors.
SHAZAM is on the threshold of rolling out new programs and services that will provide financial institutions with the tools they need to compete against the multitude of payment platforms and applications sprouting up every day, said Handke. I am proud to be aligned with SHAZAM, a trusted partner of our bank, and look forward to serving my fellow members.
During the Aug. 3, 2012, board meeting held after the SHAZAM Annual Membership meeting, the following board members were elected to serve as officers for 2012-2013:
We are fortunate to have a dedicated and diligent board of directors, said Michael Hollinger, president and CEO at SHAZAM. Our member ownership enables us to remain aligned with the best interests of our customers, the financial institutions, and develop products and services that truly help them reach their business goals.
About SHAZAM
The SHAZAM network was founded in 1976 and is one of the last remaining member-owned and -controlled EFT networks and processors in the industry. SHAZAM provides innovative and state-of-the-art EFT services to community financial institutions in 33 states. SHAZAM is a single source provider for ATM processing, debit and ATM card processing, card authorization services, merchant processing, Automated Clearing House services, and information security solutions.


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This week, we had the privilege of hosting four young people through Couchsurfing. We fed them supper and put them up for a night and in exchange they shared stories of their studies, travel and homelands with us. And helped us practice our French.
Sophie and Véronique are from France, Lorena from Spain and Rowan from Canada's British Columbia. They are young and adventurous (closer in age to our kids than us), interesting, vibrant, and multilingual.
If we can't travel the world right now we can bring the world to us.
Hosting them reminded me that I had written a post about Couchsurfing years ago on Outsideways, our family's third and now neglected blog. The following post is adapted from that original published in January 2010. Which is why the kids look so much younger (they were) and why the landscapes are so snowy (welcome to Québec in winter!)
In January 2010 we made our first reconnaissance trip to the Gaspé peninsula. We had read it was a beautiful natural area on Québec's East Coast where mountains meet the ocean. Having decided to move back to Canada in 2011, we wanted to know if the peninsula might be a place we could move to and make home.
We decided to go investigate the area directly following our Christmas trip to Nova Scotia, where my parents live. But we didn't have a lot of funds for a post-Christmas trip.
Thank goodness for Couchsurfing.
My parents joined us for this adventure but did not couchsurf. Not for lack of trying, but our family had already booked whatever homes were available by the time they looked for a couch.
Couchsurfing Basics:
The Couchsurfing organization is a social network that helps people find free places to stay while traveling.
- To participate you become a member (also free), post a profile to the site and go through a verification process. Obviously this doesn't weed out all loonies and scary people, there are small risks involved, but as soon as people start "surfing" or hosting they leave feedback for both guests and hosts that helps build a level of credibility and confidence. You can sign up to host, surf or both.
- A traveler searches in the area they are planning to visit for available "couches". They send a request to potential host(s) and arrangements are made via the Couchsurfing website, personal e-mails, and phone calls. There is no standard level of accommodation or length of stay.
- The traveler(s) brings their sleeping bag and is willing to sleep wherever their host puts them up. In exchange they are given free accommodation and often have access to the host's kitchen and other amenities.
Those are the details of how to find and give free accommodation but Couchsurfing is so much more than that.
This is how Couchsurfing describes their vision (beyond a free place to sleep):
We envision a world where everyone can explore and create meaningful connections with the people and places they encounter. Building meaningful connections across cultures enables us to respond to diversity with curiosity, appreciation, and respect."
That was true in our experience. Saving money was just the added bonus.
Our Couchsurfing experience:
When we talked about making this trip we started looking into hostels in the area, as there are many. Gaspésie is a popular tourist destination... in the summer. The hostels we contacted were all closed during the winter. So Damien started looking for couches instead. Of course for a family of five you aren't really looking for a couch but enough floor space to throw down your sleeping mats and bags.
There weren't that many people on Couchsurfing who could accommodate a family our size but we found two households who were willing and we made our travel arrangements based on their availability.
The first household was a young single man who put us up in his bedroom (of his small one bedroom apartment) while he slept on the couch. We stayed here for two nights.
The second willing household was a family who was eager to host us but they lived on a private road that was not guaranteed to be plowed on the day of our estimated arrival. Instead of chancing it we reserved a suite with a kitchenette at a local auberge (inn/hotel). The week of our trip the road was plowed so the family invited us to their home for a meal.
Couchsurfing is not just about finding a free room. It's about meeting and connecting with people in unique places. It's about friendship, breaking down barriers and making this big world a little smaller and friendlier.
Couch One
Yannick, our first host, is a young man who has studied some, traveled lots and come back home to Québec to finish his studies. Because of his travels and world outlook he spoke English and was eager to practice with us.
In fact everyone we met in Québec was able to speak English with us and we did our best (Damien's skills were much better than the rest of us since he spent a year in France after high school) to return the favor speaking French as much as possible.
Staying with Yannick was not without challenges. The day we arrived his kitchen sink backed up, his little icebox freezer defrosted without warning, and his washing machine broke down.
We arrived to a somewhat disheveled kitchen but with a very warm and gracious host. Wow, did I ever learn something about hospitality from this young man! But those inconveniences were solved and we shared parts of the next day and half with him discovering the area's cultural gems and "places to be". One of which was the local boulangerie, where we joined in the kids' open jam session.
His apartment was our home base for our next day's drive along the very windy, cold, and hauntingly beautiful St. Lawrence River on the north side of the peninsula.
When we left, Yannick gave us gifts from his sparse household, expressing the affection he felt for our family. He praised our children (what parent doesn't like that?) and said he hadn't met a family like ours. We proved, in his words, "that it is possible to travel with children and have adventurous experiences", something he hadn't seen in families he knows.
After leaving Yannick's home we drove through the Parc de la Gaspésie crossing to the other side of the peninsula, on the Baie des Chaleur.
Couch Two
Arriving an hour later than planned, we met our second Couchsurfing contact, Isabelle and Danny and their family. These were the hosts that said we could stay the night but the road might not be plowed and so we didn't want to commit to that plan.
However, earlier in the week when we checked the weather forecast, it was determined the road would be passable so they invited us for a mid-day meal at their home. Our family of five, plus my parents. We were told to not bring anything. Talk about hospitality!
Isabelle and Danny live in an intentional community of individuals, couples and families, building sustainable dwellings, community, and livelihoods. They were an inspiring bunch to be around. Members of their community had also come to meet us and contributed to the potluck feast of homegrown turkey, potatoes, gravy, tourtière, salad, squash and apple crisp.
The whole experience at Isabelle and Danny's house blew us away, almost literally. The wind never ceased gusting, but their kindness, warm wood stove, and conversation knocked our socks off. Although the adults spoke fairly decent English their children did not at all. But after "moving around each other" for a couple hours the kids breached the language barrier... with play. Hide and seek, paper airplanes, Lego and drawing.
Crossing the border back into Maine, through the snow and wind of winter, Damien and I talked about the friendliness of the people, the cultural vibrancy we saw evidence of in the towns (we weren't there long enough to explore that), the obvious raw natural beauty of the peninsula and decided the Gaspé was worth another look in the summer.
The end of that story is that we did come back in summer 2010 and moved here permanently in the fall of 2011.
Couchsurfing with a family:
Couchsurfing is a great option for travelling if you enjoy meeting new people. Obviously though it can be a bit more tricky with a family.
Things to consider when Couchsurfing with your family:
- Be willing to plan your travels according to who can host you and where. Yannick was the only host we found who responded to our request for sleeping space for a family of five so we based our itinerary around that.
- Have great kids. A few traits that come to mind are fun-loving, inquisitive, and respectful. Obviously these are character traits we want to grow in our children regardless of whether we couchsurf or not.
- Safety comes first. If it doesn't feel right, don't stay. Have a back up plan, just in case. Don't sleep in separate rooms. Common sense stuff.
- Bring along a few comforts from home. Sleeping in a strange situation can be unsettling. We had our familiar sleeping bags. I personally like to bring along my mini titanium French Press (the same one I use camping) because you just never know if your host drinks coffee.
Like I mention in my introduction, Couchsurfing is not just about "going", but also hosting.
If you can't travel the world right now with your family, you can bring the world to your home.
You can find our family's Couchsurfing profile here. And if you're a FIMBY reader visiting the peninsula just send me an e-mail if you need a place to stay.


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Be careful what you say if you wouldn't want it broadcast everywhere because you never know. My basic advice would be for trust is : Live the way you ought to live all the time as much as you can help it.MaryAnne Ysabella
We can be so afraid lost inside in search of a mother And yet we go about shouting "justice" and hurting one another.MaryAnne Ysabella
Sometimes you sit around Don't know what to do, don't know where you're going to All you have to be is you What else can you do.MaryAnne Ysabella
I tried to be what you wanted me to be But you didn't want a girl you wanted MACHINE ... I can't be part of this machine I got too much heart to keep it in I can't be part of your machine I promise this is not the endMaryAnne Ysabella
If you find yourself to be a sort of an abrasive type of person, perhaps you might try to be gentle, because the truth is that gentleness and kindness are a lot more powerful than we are led to believe. And if you are like this, and people are telling you it doesn't work, don't listen to them do what you know is right.MaryAnne Ysabella
It is easy to consider advice when it is brought forth with care, and consideration, and gentleness. Sometimes people are offended or feel manipulated if you are so blustering, you see. And it's an opportunity to be kind you know usually if you're giving advice, it's because you care about people and you love them. So you ought to act that way.MaryAnne Ysabella
What's in my veins makes me free Oh what you have done for me! Two who made a work of art Mama brought the armor, Daddy engineered the heart.MaryAnne Ysabella
James it's about your sister I wonder if you missed her I'm on my way to see you but I don't know what to bring Almost gave up the ghost, now you have what she wants most a little piece of heaven and a lovely song to sing.MaryAnne Ysabella
I'm really proud of you for having come this far every single one of you, wherever you are, you're on your way you are getting there! And don't worry so much! Just that's what we need to stop doing stop worrying so much, and start observing a little bit more.MaryAnne Ysabella
And maybe you are starting to notice my quote on the page "Look without, and you will be fulfilled within without a doubt." I really mean that look without, without of yourself not within.MaryAnne Ysabella
Singing the blues has always been about alleviating the blues, and that's apparent when you listen to them. Sure is nice to hear that someone else is, or has been where you are, or have been. Because we forget sometimes, that we're all in this together, and we have many, many similar experiences all the time, all across the world, in every age.MaryAnne Ysabella
I didn't enter into this to get any kind of affirmation or confirmation. I entered into this to see what I could do for other people to give them my sincerity, to give them my love and my care, to take a load off, to have a smile, to have a memory or two.MaryAnne Ysabella
Hears the music under the rock One of these days he'll stop Don't stop when the music stops.MaryAnne Ysabella
I believe in a God, who, whether we understand it now or ever will, does the thing for us, which is the best thing for us out of Love even if its painful. And I think thats the truth. So, if youre in a great pain, and if youre suffering, remember that this is in the middle and that youre on your way some place, and its beneficial to you and even better than that, it might be beneficial to others so, that what I have to say to that tonight I know its short I hope its sweet, and Ill see you next time so, good night.MaryAnne Ysabella
So, it's just no hope. I cant be cool. I tried with the giant sunglasses no dice. Sorry. I remain dorky forever. So it's okay.MaryAnne Ysabella


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HOME College BCS National Championship Gear BCS National Championship Mens BCS National Championship Mens Hats Sale Items (41 items) Product ID: 1103238
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Make sure Notre Dame knows the 2012 BCS National Championship had already been won and your Alabama Crimson Tide were just playing them for fun in this Exhibition adjustable hat. It features the school name and team helmet embroidered on the crown around bold champs lettering for a look that'll say, "Better luck next time!" to all the Irish faithful.
- Adjustable slide closure
- Officially licensed collegiate product
- Quality embroidery
- Unstructured fit
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Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
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Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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Book your room at Hotel Luna
Hotel in Sirmione near Scaliger Castle
Situated on a lake, this hotel is close to Center Aquaria Spa and Wellness Center, Scaliger Castle, and Grotto of Catullus. Also nearby are Santa Maria Maggiore and Church of San Pietro.
Hotel Features
In addition to a restaurant, Hotel Luna features a bar/lounge. Other amenities include complimentary wireless Internet access and free self parking.
Room Amenities
LCD televisions come with satellite channels. Guestrooms also feature complimentary wireless Internet access, air conditioning, and climate control.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
At your hotel
At your hotel
The hotel offers a restaurant. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. High-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary. For a surcharge, a roundtrip airport shuttle (available on request) is offered to guests. This Sirmione hotel also offers a terrace, tour/ticket assistance, and a garden. Complimentary self parking is available on site.
- Airport transportation (surcharge)
- Total number of rooms - 30
- Number of floors - 2
- Bar/lounge
- Concierge services
- Elevator/lift
- Front desk (limited hours)
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Free Wi-Fi
- Garden
- Terrace
- Luggage storage
- Restaurant
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Free self parking
- Free parking nearby
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Television in lobby
Stay connected
Available in all rooms: Free Wi-Fi
Available in some public areas: Free Wi-Fi
Park your car
Free self parking, Free parking nearby
In your room
- Balcony
- Climate control
- Air conditioning
- Phone
- Daily housekeeping
- Private bathroom
- Complimentary toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Bathtub or shower
- In-room safe
- Satellite TV service
- Free Wi-Fi
- Room service (limited hours)
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
Eat and drink
Onsite venue - This restaurant specializes in Italian cuisine and serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Guests can enjoy alfresco dining (weather permitting).
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
The fine print for Hotel Luna
When you arrive
Check-in time starts at noon
Check-in time ends at midnight
When you leave
Check-out time is 10 AM
How you can pay
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
No rollaway/extra beds available
We should mention
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation. This property offers transfers from the airport (surcharges may apply). Guests must contact the property with arrival details before travel, using the contact information on the booking confirmation. The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation.


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Discover Ministry Briefing! --> The Best Way To Keep "In The Know"!
This is one of my favorites. I listen every Christmas-time.
You have to listen to the whole thing.
I guess I find it so funny because it reminds me of much of the special music I got to endure growing up.
Need some more Breaktime!? Just click the Breaktime category to the right. –>
Have a great weekend!
Fall on your knees…with laughter.
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Remains in the 3000 block of Q St. NW
Similar imagesView all
AfricanAmerican human remains that are believed to be preCivil War... News Photo 153351039African-American Ethnicity,Block,Construction,Home,Horizontal,Human Interest,Northwestern,People,Rear,Remains,USA,War,Washington DCPhotographer The Washington PostCollection: The Washington Post 2012 The Washington PostWASHINGTON, DC - SEPTEMBER 28: African-American human remains that are believed to be pre-Civil War were discovered on September 10th in the 3000 block of Q St. NW while construction was taking place in the rear of the home. Since then, three other sets of remains have been discovered at the site. (Photo by Sarah L. Voisin/The Washington Post via Getty Images)


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Most Confident Observations
Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Phallales
Family: Phallaceae
Genus: Phallus
The proper author citation should be Berk. & M.A. Curtis
Found on decaying wood or around sawdust piles, Phallus ravenelii develops from a pinkish-lilac colored egg-like structure that resembles a small puffball. The egg often has branched rhizomorphs, is gelatinous in the center, and gives rise to a distinct head and stalk. The remains of the egg can be found at the base of the stalk as a volva. The stalk is white to cream colored, spongy, honeycombed, and hollow. The conic head is wrinkled with a dishrag-like appearance. The head has a white apical disc with a mouth like opening. The wrinkled or granular surface eventually perforates to release an olive-green slimy spore mass. This slimy mass emits a putrid odor for which stinkhorns are known for. The smell attracts insects. The spores stick to the insects and are dispersed in this manner.
Version: 3Previous Version: 2
First person to use this name on MO: Ron PastorinoEditors: Nathan Wilson, Erlon
Created: 2007-05-13 18:02:57 HST (-1000) by Ron Pastorino (Ronpast)Last modified: 2011-05-26 06:27:41 HST (-1000) by Erlon (Herbert Baker)Viewed: 806 times, last viewed: 2014-12-21 22:25:18 HST (-1000)Show Log