text:
1. What is a good maintenance routine?
2. How do I get rid of lumps and bends in my dreads?
3. How do I make my dreadlocks thicker?
4. How do I tighten my dreads?
6. How do you get rid of those loose hairs?
7. How long will I need to use the wax?
8. What is the best way to wax your dreadlocks?
9. How will I know when my new dreads are tight?
1. What is a good maintenance routine?
So you're now rocking your new set of dreads but what's next? Dreadlocks take time to tighten and mature but a good maintenance routine with get them there faster.
1. If your dreads are brand new you won't need to wash them for around a week. They are newly waxed and probably hurt a little because initially they are very tight. If you have a pair of pantyhose, pop those over your head while you sleep to help keep the frizz at bay. It's normal for dreads to make your scalp a little itchy at first. If that's the case, get your hands on some Knotty Boy Peppermint Cooling Spray which is specifically designed to soothe an itchy scalp.
2. Ok, so they are a week old and probably right about now you are ready to give them a good ol' shampoo. Ideally, keep the rubber bands in place at the base and tips of your dreadlocks which will help keep them in tact whilst they are so new. It's really important you use a residue free dreadlock shampoo. Normal shampoos leave behind conditioning residues - great if you want soft, silky, knot free hair but not so much if you have dreadlocks! Anyone of the Dread Empire liquid shampoos or shampoo bar are perfect for newborn dreads.
Washing your hair is pretty straight forward. Soak your dreads well with water in the shower, squirt a little Dread Empire shampoo and gently work them into the dreads. Be sure to rinse out the shampoo really really well.
Ok, time to dry. Lean over letting your dreads hang down in front of you and squeeze as much water out as you can. When there's no water coming out spray them down with Dread Empire's Dreadlock Accelerator and squeeze any excess off. Now throw a towel round your head to soak up any left over moisture and after 15 minutes or so whip it off and let them air dry.
3. Now that they are dry, clean and full of Accelerator this is the perfect time to dread ball loose hairs, palm roll your dreads (Palm rolling is when you roll the dread back and forth between your palm like you are playing with Play-Doh®), and to use the clockwise rubbing method. Your dreadlocks will knot and tighten easily now because being clean, there is a lot of friction between the hair strands. They may get a little frizzy while you work on them but just dread ball the frizzys and work them into the nearest dread. Once you are all rubbed out treat your dreads to a small coat of Dread Wax. Work it in real good and smooth out any frizz as you go. You can use a Hair Dryer to help melt the wax in really good, although be careful not to overdo it as it can dry your dreads out. If you prefer, the Dread Empire Tightening Gel can be used as an alternative to Dread Wax or if you need extra help in smoothing down loose hairs, use in addition to wax. At this point your dreads should look pretty well maintained and this should last up to a week.
4.From here on in, you are welcome to wash your dreads as frequently as you want because clean hair locks and tightens better than hair with oily build up. Just follow the steps above, the rubber bands are a good idea for the first few weeks and be sure to let them dry out thoroughly. As for waxing, after your first shampoo followed by a wax, re apply wax once or twice a fortnight - always following a shampoo and be sure to let your hair thoroughly dry before applying. When your dreadlocks reach their desired tightness you can pull right back on the wax and only apply it when you feel the dreadlocks have become a little loose or if you find them particularly dry. Wax does inject your hair follicle with necessary vitamins so it is a good way to condition mature dreadlocks but if you're after a lighter, wash out formula then go for the Dread Balm or Conditioning Spray.
If you ever feel like the wax needs a freshen up or you have waxy build up then de wax by heating each dread with a hair dryer. Press a paper towel into the dreadlock to mop up as much excess wax as you can and then soak them in hot water (taking care of course not to burn yourself). The follow this with a good wash using a Dread Shampoo and if necessary, repeat this process.Top
2. How do I get rid of lumps and bends in my dreads?
Most small lumps will work themselves out as the dreads tighten and smooth out. Bends appear if the dreads tighten really fast. Some hairs lock and tighten at different speeds, since the dreads shrink as the tighten. If one side of the dread tightens faster than the other side it will be smaller and tighter and the dread will bend. Fortunately the other side will eventually tighten and as it does the dread will straighten itself out.
For really severe lumps that you have to do something about you'll need to comb them out. Just start at the tip and comb the hair out with the dread comb working your way towards the bump. Comb it out and then redread it. Work your way back to the tip. Use a rubber band and some wax to hold the tip tight while it re-dreads. Some loops and lumps add character or at least I think so, dreads are not supposed to be absolutely perfect and symmetrical. Top
3. How do I make my dreadlocks thicker?
The amount of hair in each dreadlock dictates how thick the dread will become. Therefore the only real way to increase their size is to use bigger sections. If your dreads are real new I would just recommend combing a few out and starting those ones over again using larger sections. If they are more mature you can combine two dreads by tieing them together with rubber band at base and tip. This will encourage the new growth to merge together and eventually you may be able to snip off the part which hasn't merged. You might also find a dread cuff helpful in binding the two dreads together.Top
4. How do I tighten my dreads?
Use the clockwise rubbing method and palm rolling (rolling the dread back and forth between your palms) to help the body of the dreads and the roots tighten. Tighten the tips by tip rubbing. Keeping them clean and free of residues helps them tighten tremendously. Of course spraying them with Locking Accelerator or using a light sprinkle of Dread Dust helps too. The Accelerator increases friction between the hair strands by separating the tiny shingles that make up each strand. This increased friction tightens them super fast. Sun helps the process too, spray the Accelerator in your hair and allow it to dry in the sun. Lightly sprinkle Dread Dust onto dry hair. Top
5. How can I tighten my roots?
This is one of the most commonly asked questions so let me start by saying that it's normal to have an inch or so of undreaded hair at the base of your scalp. The roots are always the last part to dread and they are never fully dreaded as hair continues to grow.
The fastest way to tighten roots is to use the clockwise rubbing method. Besides this palm rolling will help the roots tangle and dread as well. If your dreadlocks are farily new, rubber bands are a good way to bind the dreads together at the scalp. Top
6. How do you get rid of those loose hairs?
Essentially you need to create a little dread ball and push it into the closest dread. Ideally start with freshly washed, dry hair. Gather the loose hairs between your finger tips and roll them together to form a little ball. Dread Dust works wonders in encouraging these loose little hairs to knot up. Press your finger tips into the dread dust before getting started.
Once the dread ball is well formed tie it to or push it inside the larger dreadlock. It's a little fiddly so you could use a crochet hook or large needle when doing this. Once inside, smooth over a little wax to help keep it in place. Done. No more lose hairs! Top
7. How long will I need to use the wax?
Dread Wax helps new dreads, tighten, lock and mature. It brings the puffy loose knots close together and encourages the dreadlock to tighten properly from the inside out. Once your dreadlocks have reached their desired tightness then you can stop waxing so often. Wax only when you feel your dreadlocks need to be retightened or if they have become particularly dry and scratchy. Due to the nature of dreadlocks, with the strands rubbing together and creating friction and the same hair always on the surface dreadlocks have tendancy to result in dry hair. Wax will add nutrients back into the hair follicle to strengthen and condition but if you prefer the a lighter, wash out alternative then go with the Tightening Gel instead. It also has binding and locking abilities and some conditioning properties. Top
8. What is the best way to wax your dreadlocks?
The rule of thumb is a little goes a long way when it comes to wax. Use only enough to hold loose hairs down and keep the dread together. The best way to wax dreads is to start at the roots and work it in as completely as possible. Then work your way up the dread adding just a small amount at a time and working it in completely. After you finish you can use a blow dryer to heat the dreads and allow the wax to soak in. This also eliminates whiteness caused by the wax sitting on top of the hair which is sometimes visible in darker hair. Top
9. How will I know when my new dreads are tight?
You will know....trust me. They feel like cotton ropes. You can bend them and flex them but you can't squish them flat no matter how hard you try. It's also harder to see the knots they are all packed together and form a surface of hair. Top
10. How often should I backcomb my dreadlocks?
Never backcomb mature dreads unless you want to undread them. Backcombing is used first to start the dreadlocks and just after to push towards the roots. Keeping the hair at the roots knotted helps it dread as it grows but backcombing hair that has started to lock up will undread it. It's a good idea not to backcomb any more after the 2nd week or so. Rubberbands will hold it tight. It's natural to have an inch of hair at the root even 2 inches when the dreads are new. This is where the new growth decides to knot and lock up. If you want to help this tighten use the clockwise rubbing method. You can also alternate wearing and not wearing rubberbands right at the root. Both will help the roots lock. Top
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Eliot Spitzer on Working for CNN: 'I'm having a barrel of fun!'
Although it might not seem like it given the sheer numbers of journalists reporting from England this week, there are plenty of media folk and fashion mavens who aren't headed out of town to cover that little get-together at Westminster Abbey on Friday. The dining room at Michael's was packed today with A-listers of every stripe. I lunched with my good friend Lisa Linden and Eliot Spitzer and we had plenty to talk about. Eliot joined us fresh off this morning's shuttle from Boston where he'd given a lecture at MIT yesterday. He also taped last night's broadcast of Inside the Arena from there.
While the rest of CNN is in the grips of royal wedding fever, Spitzer couldn't be happier to be left out of the lovefest across the pond ("I'm really upset they didn't send me over there," he quipped). The subject did come up on last night's show when he questioned Muslim activist Anjem Choudary about his planned protest at the wedding. While Spitzer pressed him on whether he was planning to "bring violence" to an event watched by over two billion people, Choudary continually evaded the question. It was fascinating to see a flash of Spitzer's past as New York's attorney general come through during the exchange. Perhaps not so coincidentally, it was announced this morning that the group had canceled the planned protest.
When I asked Spitzer if he considered himself a journalist or a commentator, he answered simply, "I don't know. I don't mean to be vague. When the issue of objectivity comes up, I don't think there is any such thing as objectivity. I don't mean to say you infuse everything with bias and don't try to be rigorously factual, but how you present every fact depends upon the prism through which you see it." Read more


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June 9, 2009
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South Dakota gets high marks for Birth to Three, special education
South Dakota is one of only 17 states and U.S. territories to earn the highest ratings possible under both Parts B and C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The U.S. Department of Education released the information to states last week. IDEA Part B monitors the effectiveness of special education services at the preschool and K-12 levels, while Part C refers to the state's Birth to Three program, which serves younger children.
Under Part B, South Dakota has met or exceeded standards in 13 of the 16 public reporting areas required by the U.S. Department of Education. In two of the areas, South Dakota has higher targets than those outlined by No Child Left Behind for students with disabilities. South Dakota students with disabilities have met those higher percentages for both graduation and statewide assessment participation rates.
"In South Dakota, more than 81 percent of students with disabilities who left secondary education during or immediately following the 2006-2007 school year are either enrolled in post-secondary education, employed or both one year later," said South Dakota Special Education Director Ann Larsen. "That speaks very highly of these young people."
South Dakota's Birth to Three Connections program also has met or exceeded standards on all of the 14 indicators required under IDEA Part C.
"We are pleased to have met the stringent requirements set forth in the Birth to Three state performance plan three years in a row," said South Dakota Birth to Three Director Susan Sheppick. "In South Dakota, more than 1,000 children with developmental delays receive early identification and early intervention services during the critical first three years of their life. That's an important piece of the puzzle because the result is a youngster who is better equipped to enter a formal school setting."
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Lebanon's ruling March 14 camp has declared victory over Hezbollah's coalition in the country's closely contested parliamentary elections.
Final results are not due until later on Monday, but unofficial results projected the coalition, led by Saad al-Hariri, would win 70 seats in the new 128-seat assembly against the Hezbollah-led alliance's 58 seats.
March 14 supporters were already celebrating across the Lebanese capital, shooting guns in the air, setting off fireworks and driving around sounding car horns.
"Congratulations to Lebanon, congratulations to democracy, congratulations to freedom," said al-Hariri, the son of Rafiq al-Hariri, the slain former prime minister, in a televised address.
Al-Hariri's coalition takes its name from the date of a rally in 2005 against Syria's military presence in Lebanon following the assassination of Rafiq al-Hariri.
Al Jazeera's James Bays, reporting from Beirut, said the results were not official but all the political parties seemed to be accepting them.
The different parties would now try to reach an agreement on forming a coalition government, he said.
Unity government sought
The Hezbollah alliance, known as the March 8 movement, has not officially conceded, but its main Christian ally, the nationalist Free Patriotic Movement (FPM) led by Michel Aoun, a former army chief, did acknowledged defeat.
ANALYSIS The battle for votes Lebanon-Syria ties Political dynasties Palestinian refugeesBACKGROUND Electoral system Country profile Country timelineIN VIDEO Arab Street Family Business US watches Lebanon voteINTERACT Your views Your media
He vowed to work with the election winners to form a coalition government.
Hassan Fadlallah, a Hezbollah MP, said Lebanon was ruled by a partnership and the delicate balances or past experiences cannot be changed regardless of the election results.
"What matters to us now is that Lebanon turns a new page, one based on partnership, co-operation and understanding," he told the AFP news agency.
"No party can claim to have won the majority among all communities.
"Whoever wants political stability, the preservation of national unity and the resurrection of Lebanon will find no choice but to accept the principle of consensus."
Michel de Chadarevian, from the FPM, part of the Hezbollah-led alliance, said: "Even if we had won we would have formed a national unity government."
'National unity'
Walid Jumblatt, the Lebanese Druze leader in the March 14 alliance, said Hezbollah and its allies should be included in a new Lebanese government.
"We should not forget that the elections should be a boost to the dialogue and we should not try to isolate the other parties," he said.
Hezbollah has repeatedly called for the formation of a "national unity government" that would give its minority alliance veto power.
The group, which is backed by Syria and Iran, is considered a "terrorist" organisation by the US, but at home is seen by many as a resistance movement that protects Lebanon from Israel.
Security was tight in sensitive areas for fear of clashes between rivals groups.
Security sources said one person was wounded by gunfire in the northern city of Tripoli and there were brawls between rival supporters elsewhere, but there were no reports of serious fighting and voting was relatively trouble-free.
The interior ministry estimated voter turnout in the election had been more than 52.3 per cent, the highest since at least the end of the 1975-91 civil war.
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Array Collections File Keyword String .NET Cast Class Data Dictionary Enum Exception If Interface Lambda LINQ List Loop Method Number Process Property Regex Sort Split StringBuilder Struct Substring Switch Time Windows
On a class,
a property gets
and sets values. A simplified syntax form, properties are implemented in the IL as methods. With them, we create standard access points from external places.
First, this program introduces an Example class. One field is present and it is used as a backing store for the Number property. The Number property provides get { } and set { } implementations.
Get:The get { } implementation must include a return statement. It can access any member on the class.
Set:The set { } implementation receives the implicit argument "value." This is the value to which the property is assigned.Value
C# program that uses public int property using System; class Example { int _number; public int Number { get { return this._number; } set { this._number = value; } } } class Program { static void Main() { Example example = new Example(); example.Number = 5; // set { } Console.WriteLine(example.Number); // get { } } } Output 5
We can use other types in properties, such as enum types. This example shows the DayOfWeek enum type in a property. We also insert code in the getter (or setter) that checks the backing store or the parameter value.EnumDayOfWeek
C# program that uses enum property using System; class Example { DayOfWeek _day; public DayOfWeek Day { get { // We don't allow this to be used on Friday. if (this._day == DayOfWeek.Friday) { throw new Exception("Invalid access"); } return this._day; } set { this._day = value; } } } class Program { static void Main() { Example example = new Example(); example.Day = DayOfWeek.Monday; Console.WriteLine(example.Day == DayOfWeek.Monday); } } Output True
We can also use the private accessibility modifier on a property setter or getter. In this example, we require that the IsFound property only be set in the Example class domain. We set the IsFound property in the Example constructor.
Then:We can only get the property in the Program.Main method by using an Example instance.
C# program that uses private setter in property using System; class Example { public Example() { // Set the private property. this.IsFound = true; } bool _found; public bool IsFound { get { return this._found; } private set { // Can only be called in this class. this._found = value; } } } class Program { static void Main() { Example example = new Example(); Console.WriteLine(example.IsFound); } } Output True
Entire property. We can also make an entire property private. If we do this, we can only use the property in the same enclosing class. The Display method in the example (below) shows how to use the private property.
Note:This syntax is less useful in most programs. But it exists, and may be helpful in a complex class.Class
C# program that uses private property using System; class Example { int _id; private int Id { get { return this._id; } set { this._id = value; } } public void Display() { // Access the private property in this method. this.Id = 7; Console.WriteLine(this.Id); } } class Program { static void Main() { Example example = new Example(); example.Display(); } } Output 7
Properties can also be static. This means they are associated with the type and not an instance. Static classes can only have static properties. Count here has a side effect that causes the field to be incremented upon each access.
Caution:Side effects are not usually a good design feature in programs. They can make the logic hard to follow.StaticStatic ClassStatic Property
Omitting the setter. In this program, the setter is omitted. It is sometimes useful to omit the setter when we have a property that computes a value entirely in memory or based on other fields or properties.
C# program that uses static property using System; class Example { static int _count; public static int Count { get { // Side effect of this property. _count++; return _count; } } } class Program { static void Main() { Console.WriteLine(Example.Count); Console.WriteLine(Example.Count); Console.WriteLine(Example.Count); } } Output 1 2 3
Next, we see automatically implemented property syntax. A hidden field is generated and used as the backing store. Then, the get and set statements are expanded to use that hidden field.
Expression:The *= operator is used to multiply the property by itself. This is the same as "example.Number = example.Number * 4".
Tip:Because properties are meant to look like fields, this is allowed. Obviously methods are not allowed to do this.
Program with automatically implemented property: C# using System; class Example { public int Number { get; set; } } class Program { static void Main() { Example example = new Example(); example.Number = 8; example.Number *= 4; Console.WriteLine(example.Number); } } Output 32
Automatic, private. Let us consider how to make getters or setters on an automatic property. The syntax is clear. Please note we cannot omit either the getter or setter in automatically implemented property.
Info:The error reported by the C# compiler reads: "Automatically implemented properties must define both get and set accessors."
Program with automatically implemented property 2: C# using System; class Example { public Example() { // Use private setter in the constructor. this.Id = new Random().Next(); } public int Id { get; private set; } } class Program { static void Main() { Example example = new Example(); Console.WriteLine(example.Id); } } Output 2077325073
Indexers are another form of property. They use the token "this" for their name, and square brackets with an argument. If you are not creating a reusable type, you probably won't need to implement this.Indexer
Tip:Types such as the List (one of my favorites) use indexers to do element accesses. It looks like an array but is not.
We can also specify that a property be required by an interface. There is a special syntax for this. On types that implement the interface, we must provide implementations for the property.Interface
Note:The special syntax required here is a reason to avoid properties in some programs. No one wants to deal with complex syntax rules.
The C# compiler and .NET Framework use advanced optimizations to ensure that properties are efficient. These same optimizations are used on methods, which share the underlying implementation with properties.
Here:This program benchmarks with Stopwatch and performs the two loops ten times. Each inner loop has 100,000,000 iterations.
C# program that benchmarks properties using System; using System.Diagnostics; class Program { static string _backing; // Backing store for property static string Property // Getter and setter { get { return _backing; } set { _backing = value; } } static string Field; // Static field static void Main() { const int m = 100000000; for (int x = 0; x < 10; x++) // Ten tests { Stopwatch s1 = new Stopwatch(); s1.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) // Test property { Property = "string"; if (Property == "cat") { } } s1.Stop(); Stopwatch s2 = new Stopwatch(); s2.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) // Test field { Field = "string"; if (Field == "cat") { } } s2.Stop(); Console.WriteLine("{0},{1}", s1.ElapsedMilliseconds, s2.ElapsedMilliseconds); } Console.Read(); } } Results Property get/set: 604.6 ms Field read/assign: 603.6 ms
There was no difference in performance with the property and the direct field. I conclude the property access is completely inlined. There is no need to use manual inlining of properties for performance optimization in regular cases.
Tip:The JIT compiler is smart enough to inline properties that don't have logic inside of them. So they are as efficient as fields.Compiler
I researched properties in the C# specification. This is the most important concept: a property is not a storage location like a field. It is just a method. It has special syntax that looks more like a field.
Unlike fields, properties do not denote storage locations. Instead, properties have accessors that specify the statements to be executed when their values are read or written.The C# Programming Language
I like the prop snippet. It is one of my favorites. In Visual Studio, try typing prop and pressing tab twice where you want to put a property. Then change the fields as needed. We get an automatically implemented property.Snippets
Properties are used throughout programs. They are a powerful way to replace methods and present a more intuitive way to use your objects. They combine fields and methods on a conceptual level.


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Michaelstow Manor is nestled at the foothills of Bodmin Moor, perfect for a relaxing break. Accommodation is a choice of apartments in the house or walled gardens or holiday bungalows. Families will find this park ideal for exploring the area as it\'s only 1 hour drive from most places in Cornwall.
Children will be at home here with a children\'s playground, crazy golf and indoor pool. There is also a family entertainment program to keep even the most active families amused.


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Stellaris LM4F210 Series of ARM Cortex-M4 MCUs
Texas Instruments' LM4F210 Series of ARM Cortex-M4 microcontrollers with floating point encompasses MCU control applications with advanced motion control timers, USB connectivity, and generous serial communication peripherals, including up to eight UARTs, six I2C, four SSI/SPI, and two CAN controllers. Embedded flash sizes range from 128 to 256 KB with 32KB of internal SRAM. All the devices include 2 KB of EEPROM and are offered in several board-friendly packages, including 64-LQFP, 100-LQFP, 144-LQFP, and 157-BGA. In addition, every LM4F210 Series MCU is supported with the renowned StellarisWare® software, including features preprogrammed in memory-saving ROM.
Stellaris LM4F210 Series Block Diagram
Click on the image above to enlarge


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Wednesday, June 19th 2013, 8:23am
Quand j't'imagine dire ça avec ta jolie voix j'ai presque envie d'être d'accord ... mais quand j'repense aux Dp que j'prend en 1v5, j'me dis "ouais, nan."Ptdr on zerg ? Bien sûr *.*
Race: Ely
Légion: Keep Your Smile
Wednesday, June 19th 2013, 11:47am
Wednesday, June 19th 2013, 12:12pm
Wednesday, June 19th 2013, 12:53pm
Race: Asmo
Légion: By your side ♥
Wednesday, June 19th 2013, 4:16pm
Wednesday, June 19th 2013, 6:25pm
Thursday, June 20th 2013, 12:24am
QuotedEn meme temps Noobiii y'a quelques jours est mort en transfo sur un niksi si je me rappelle bien de la conversation xD
Thursday, June 20th 2013, 4:29pm
Thursday, June 20th 2013, 4:57pm
Princesse de l'ED
Race: Asmo
Légion: joue en petite culotte
Thursday, June 20th 2013, 5:06pm
T'es le mec qui DP4 alors que vous etes en 8V2, parce que vous voyez que vous perdez, alors l'ouvre pas serieux...[img]http://board.fr.aionfreetoplay.com/[url='http://www.hostingpics.net/viewer.php?id=937712Aion0023.jpg'][img]http://img4.hostingpics.net/pics/937712Aion0023.jpg[/img][/url][/img]
Thursday, June 20th 2013, 5:19pm
Spé atomiseur
Thursday, June 20th 2013, 7:24pm
Crazy auk
Race: Asmo
Légion: Helheim
Thursday, June 20th 2013, 7:36pm
Friday, June 21st 2013, 2:06am
Spé atomiseur
Friday, June 21st 2013, 4:43am
Négociant / Négociante
Race: Ely
Friday, June 21st 2013, 10:40am
Friday, June 21st 2013, 11:40am
Consultante Balaur
Légion: Ereshkigal
Friday, June 21st 2013, 11:49am
Friday, June 21st 2013, 12:22pm
Race: Ely
Légion: Keep Your Smile
Friday, June 21st 2013, 12:27pm


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Copyright 2009 by S.E. Software. All rights reserved
Reinforcement Development Length Calculator
Our Development program uses the ACI 318 equations to calculate the required length for rebar. This results in the absolute minimum length required to develop a bar's strength. Calculate tension and compression development and splice lengths for any grade of rebar and concrete strength permitted by ACI. All factors affecting development lengths are used and can be varied, including the tranverse reinforcement factor Ktr.
If you have a short splice problem on one of your projects, use this program to enter specific cover, spacing and any transverse reinforcement to calculate the absolute minimum length required. Many times, this will result in shorter lengths than the prescriptive bar diameter-based lengths that are convenient to use but can result in longer length requirements.
This program also makes it easy to investigate the effects of varying cover and spacing on splice lengths. If you just cannot get the splice length short enough, you can investigate transverse reinforcement to reduce lengths further.
ACI minimums and maximums are included and you are notified when these limits control.
useful, time-saving and problem-solving program now! It's yours, just for visiting our site!


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Sunrain Varieties brings innovation for all categories of potato production, developing varieties from lab to field. Sunrain scouts the globe to bring producers the right varieties to meet the changing face of today's consumers, bringing a rainbow of colors, sizes and types to meet both niche and mainstream uses. At Sunrain Varieties, you can expect the highest quality isolated early and limited generation seed programs to both seed and commercial entities. We continually develop key processes for improved, clean, uniform and cost effective seed.
Sunrain Varieties strives to be the Number One quality producer of seed, specializing in designing personalized programs and protocols to ensure the highest quality potato yield. We will export quality seed to any market and can build a market for those who use and strive to develop new growing areas. We strive to develop a rainbow of potato colors.
Sunrain Varieties brings innovation, expertise and dedication to meld today's growers and consumers with the best varieties for healthy growth of both! Sunrain Varieties brings you the varieties of today and the future!


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SOPA Protest: List of Websites Going Dark
Major Sites You Won't Be Able to Visit During the Jan. 18 SOPA Protest Blackout
by Kristy Ellington 20 Reactions 480 Shares Print
The Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) is on the minds of many since the bill was introduced into Congress late last year, and the numbers of those against the bill moving forward are rising. Not only has the president spoken out against the bill, but a number of major websites will be going dark on Wednesday for 12 hours or more to protest it. Check out the (growing) list below.
- Wikipedia
- I Can Has Cheezburger network
- The Oatmeal
- Wordpress
- Tumblr
- MoveOn.org
- Mozilla
- TwitPic
- BoingBoing
- Minecraft.net
- Riot Games
- Epic Games
- 38 Studios
- Red 5 Studios
Know of any sites we missed? Let us know in the comments!
Source: Thinkstock
digital life
Heather2219802 2 years
These sites aren't 'blacking out'. They are 'mildly darking out'. Google changed a graphic- big fat deal. Wikipedia had a decent idea- but there are simple work arounds that everyone is using. A real blackout is me trying to log onto one of those sights and just seeing a 'Thank Congress for this' sort of sign. No functionality at all. Shock and Awe Congress into obeying the will of the people. Also, shame on Facebook for saying they'd go in and doing... nothing. Mark Zuckerberg proves to be a coward (or worse, traiter) again.
bloodvash1 2 years
even flatchan.org is going black!
agoriac 2 years
Urfe 2 years
Betabrand.com has a floating SOPA/PIPA protest on their front page.
yumpixels 2 years
http://theoatmeal.com/ is also doing the blackout, with quite an amusing gif.
tonyspina 2 years
You forgot Wired.com
ChrisMartoglio 2 years
The popular creative writing web app Yarny is partially blacked out. The information site is at http://www.getyarny.com The web app is at http://yarny.me Read our announcement here: http://eepurl.com/ivAfA Thanks.
osolabs 2 years
arcusmedia 2 years
I do media here in Dallas and our website is blacked out in protest! www.arcusav.com
Niq2216682 2 years
None of you seem to have a clue why your government is attempting one of the last moves of many they have perpetrated in the last 20 years... I can only tell you that you will not believe me, but if I did nothing about it, then I would not be doing my patriotic duty. goto www.dormantideas.com once the black out is over and you will cringe or remain an American comatose cattle. There is a reason why all the people in the United States who go against the Rothschild HORROR in the world are being assassinated one by one... wake up! Their last ditch effort is to shutout any resistance by keeping us from communicating... unless we are sheep and act as they like us to act. 2012, you will learn 2 expressions: BLOWBACK, and FALSE FLAG OPERATION (good luck). In one week my site will more than likely be shutdown by these bastards! and you will probably go oops! as I said you haven't a clue, pardon my expression... sheep! not insulting anyone, just trying to wake you up! MARTIAL LAW was just singed on the 31st of 2011 while you partied with champagne!!! NDAA Act is now in force... sheep are mostly safe, only patriots are at risk now!
dashsuede 2 years
I am so excited for this!!!!
Kristy-Ellington 2 years
Ah yes, @stephcorinn, Jan. 18 in the US.
stephcorinn 2 years
This must be either Jan 18 in the US or local to where the website is headquartered. Here in Australia it is already Jan 18 and I can access all of those sites.
xstarsprinklesx 2 years
Fandomania is going dark tomorrow too!
koolasvegan1 2 years
here are some more websites shutting down to protest SOPA?PIPA... Destructoid craigslist cakewrecks peartrees D4S Fire Fall The Game Helix Zone CryptoCat FreakOutNation Rogemaker SonicRetro TuCows and my couponing blog will also go dark at: http://webs.com/lasvegascoupondivas
wolvesvane 2 years
godaddy pulled their support after a bunch of sites were going to leave them, and now oppose the bill. ^-^
tenniscutie366 2 years
technobuffalo is also going dark
elizabethsosewn 2 years
really? godaddy? I thought they were a major supporter!? I remember reading an article about the ICHC guy saying they were pulling from godaddy because they supported SOPA.. Either way, I am officially not doing anything online for all Wednesday! Woo!
CalSullivan 2 years
Facebook, Wikipedia, Tumblr, Craigs List, Ebay, Google, Mozilla, Paypal, Godaddy, and my political community Political Buddies (www.politicalbuddies.com)
Gabriela-Une-Vie-Saine 2 years
Ohhhhh the Wikipedia thing is gonna cause a HUGE commotion. I'm gonna miss checking Boing Boing that day though!
Link Love
- Apple wins lawsuit, trumping claims that it overcharged for iPods — Newser
- Outsource your holiday cards using Postable — PureWow
- See which popular app caused a traffic jam uproar — Fox News
- How Joseph Gordon-Levitt creatively crowdsourced his new short film — Co.Create
- J.K. Rowling: "Of course" there were LGBTQ wizards at Hogwarts — The Mary Sue
- BOLT reinvents the travel charger, beautifully — Cool Mom Tech
- Neil Patrick Harris's kids made an adorable Christmas video — POPSUGAR Moms


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Namarra et al v. Mayorkas et al
Filing 19
ORDER granting 8 Motion to Dismiss or, in the Alternative, Motion for Summary Judgment. (Written Opinion) Signed by Judge Joan N. Ericksen on February 20, 2013. (CBC)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA ELIZABETH NAMARRA, EPHRAIM OLANI, ASTER NAMARRA, Plaintiffs, v. Civil No. 12-1792 (JNE/JSM) ORDER ALEJANDRO MAYORKAS, Director, United States Citizenship and Immigration Services, and JANET NAPOLITANO, Secretary, Department of Homeland Security, Defendants. This is an immigration lawsuit brought by Plaintiffs Elizabeth Namarra ("Elizabeth"), Ephraim Olani ("Olani"), and Aster Namarra ("Aster"), against Defendant Alejandro Mayorkas in his official capacity as Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigrations Services ("USCIS") and Defendant Janet Napolitano in her official capacity as the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, the agency of which USCIS is a part. All three plaintiffs' applications for adjustment of status are currently pending. Plaintiffs assert that there has been an unreasonable delay in adjudicating their applications. Currently before the Court is Defendants' motion to dismiss under Rules 12(b)(1) and 12(b)(6), and alternatively, motion for summary judgment. I. BACKGROUND The Immigration and Nationality Act ("INA") provides that refugees and asylees may have their status adjusted to that of lawful permanent resident. See 8 U.S.C. § 1159. Some classes of aliens, however, are ineligible for lawful permanent resident status. One such class includes persons who have engaged in certain terrorism-related activities—these aliens are inadmissible. See id. § 1182(a)(3)(B). 1 Until May 2005, asylum-based adjustment of status applications were subject to an annual cap of 10,000. This cap resulted in a backlog of applications, with more than 160,000 asylees waiting for adjudication of their applications. In May 2005, Congress enacted the REAL ID Act of 2005, Pub. L. No. 109-13, Div. B., 119 Stat. 231, 302-309 (May 11, 2005), which, among other things, lifted the annual cap on asylum-based applications, gave the Secretary of Homeland Security discretionary authority to exempt certain terrorism-related inadmissibility grounds, and amended the definitions related to the terrorism-related inadmissibility grounds. See Debba v. Heinauer, 366 Fed. App'x 696, 698 (8th Cir. 2010). On December 26, 2007, Congress enacted the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008 ("CAA"), Pub. L. 110-161, 121 Stat. 1844 (Dec. 26, 2007) (codified in part at 8 U.S.C. § 1182(d)(3)(B)(i)), which expanded the Secretary of Homeland Security's authority to exempt individuals from certain terrorism-related inadmissibility grounds and to exempt certain organizations from being considered Tier III organizations. 1 In response to the passage of the CAA, USCIS issued a policy memorandum on March 26, 2008, directing its field agents to withhold adjudication of certain cases in which the only ground for denial was a terrorism-related inadmissibility provision and the applicant may benefit from a future exercise of the Secretary's discretionary exemption authority. The policy memorandum also directed the agents to reopen and place on hold any adjustment applications that had already been denied if those applications could be considered for a discretionary exemption under § 1182(d)(3)(B) in the future. 1 Under § 1182(d)(3)(B)(i), the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary of State, and the Attorney General must consult to decide whether to exempt certain individuals or certain groups of individuals from the INA's terrorist-related inadmissibility provisions. See 8 U.S.C. § 1182(d)(3)(B)(i). The determination of whether a person or group is exempted is judicially unreviewable. See id. 2 Plaintiff Elizabeth Namarra is an Ethiopian who was admitted to the United States as a nonimmigrant student in 1986. She married co-Plaintiff Olani in December 1991. In October 1993, Elizabeth applied for asylum—her application was granted in May 2002. In March 2004, she filed a Form I-485, applying to become a lawful permanent resident. After conducting the required checks, USCIS denied the application in February 2008, finding that Elizabeth was inadmissible under 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(3)(B). Elizabeth was found inadmissible under this provision because she has supported, and continues to support, the Oromo Liberation Front ("OLF"), an organization that has been classified as a Tier III terrorist organization. 2 Pursuant to the March 2008 policy memorandum, however, USCIS reopened Elizabeth's application in April 2008 and placed it on hold. No exemption currently applies to Elizabeth, and so her application remains pending. Plaintiff Ephraim Olani, Elizabeth's husband, is an Ethiopian who was admitted to the United States as a nonimmigrant student in September 1991. After Elizabeth's asylum application was granted, she filed an asylee relative petition on Olani's behalf. The asylee relative petition was approved in April 2004, granting derivative asylum status to Olani. Olani filed an application for adjustment of status in June 2005. His application included information indicating that he was a member and supporter of the OLF. After the FBI completed the required name-check in June 2005, Olani's application was placed on hold pursuant to USCIS policy because of legislation affecting the adjudication of his application, including the REAL ID Act of 2005 and the CAA. Olani is currently inadmissible because he is a member of a terrorist organization and has engaged in terrorist activity. Because no exemption currently applies to Olani, his application for adjustment of status remains pending. 2 According to Defendants, the OLF is an armed guerilla group that uses landmines and bombs, causing numerous civilian and military deaths and injuries. 3 Plaintiff Aster Namarra, Elizabeth's sister, is an Ethiopian who was admitted to the United States as the dependent spouse of a nonimmigrant student in May 1991. She failed to depart the United States when her husband returned to Ethiopia. Aster applied for asylum in January 1993, and she was ultimately granted asylum in February 2002. Aster applied for adjustment of status in July 2003. Like Elizabeth and Olani, Aster, too, had been and continues to be a supporter of the OLF. USCIS denied her application in February 2008, finding her inadmissible due to terrorism-related activities under 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(3)(B). Pursuant to the March 2008 policy memorandum, USCIS reopened Aster's application in April 2008. No exemption currently applies to Aster, and her application remains pending. Numerous exemptions to the terrorism-related inadmissibility grounds have already been issued under the Secretary's discretionary authority. See Canaan Decl. (Ex. 1) ¶ 23 n.1, ECF No. 11 (describing exemptions issued in February 2007, April 2007, June 2008, September 2009, January 2011, March 2011, November 2011, June 2012, and August 2012). Between mid-2006 and August 2012, USCIS has granted 14,885 exemptions. None of the exemptions, however, currently apply to any of the plaintiffs in this case. On August 10, 2012, the Secretary of Homeland Security exercised her discretionary exemption authority for certain individuals who provided material support, solicited funds or members, or received certain military-type training for certain Tier III organizations. Application of this exemption requires USCIS to assess first whether the particular Tier III organization meets certain requirements, such as whether the organization has used child soldiers or engaged in a pattern or practice of torture or genocide. After assessing the organization, USCIS then assesses the individual applicants to determine whether they are eligible for consideration under the exemption. If the applicant is found eligible, then his or her application would be removed from hold and adjudicated. USCIS is 4 currently in the process of determining whether the OLF meets the qualifications for the exemption. Plaintiffs filed this action on July 24, 2012, seeking to compel USCIS to implement exemptions, apply those exemptions to Plaintiffs, and adjudicate their applications for lawful permanent residency. Defendants contend that the Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction over this dispute. II. DISCUSSION "Dismissal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction will not be granted lightly." Wheeler v. St. Louis Sw. Ry. Co., 90 F.3d 327, 329 (8th Cir. 1996). "Dismissal is proper, however, when a facial attack on a complaint's alleged basis for subject matter jurisdiction shows there is no basis for jurisdiction." Id. The party asserting jurisdiction has the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence that subject matter jurisdiction exists. See V S Ltd. P'ship v. Dep't of Hous. & Urban Dev., 235 F.3d 1109, 1112 (8th Cir. 2000). Before addressing the merits of the jurisdictional dispute, the Court first finds it necessary to clarify the real issue presented in this case. It is undisputed that absent a determination regarding whether the OLF, as an organization, qualifies under one of the Secretary's exemptions, there are no exemptions that currently apply to Plaintiffs. All three plaintiffs' applications have been processed and the required checks have been completed, and it has been determined that these plaintiffs are currently statutorily ineligible for an adjustment of status. The precise issue in this case is strikingly different from cases in which USCIS has failed to perform some ministerial task with respect to an application or when USCIS has failed to adjudicate an asylee's application for whom an exemption does already exist. 5 Here, there is no claim that USCIS has forgotten about the OLF or about these three individuals, nor is there any assertion that USCIS has simply fallen asleep at the switch. Rather, the parties agree that the Secretary has been issuing exemptions pursuant to her discretionary authority and that USCIS has been processing adjustment of status applications as applicable exemptions are issued. The parties also agree that USCIS is currently and actively considering the OLF, pursuant to the congressionally authorized inquiry, but has yet to make a decision regarding whether or not it qualifies under an existing exemption. Further, Plaintiffs do not dispute that they are properly classified as belonging to a Tier III terrorist organization, that their individual applications have been given attention, and that their applications have been placed on hold pursuant to the CAA and USCIS's policy memorandum regarding terrorism-related inadmissibility grounds. As Plaintiffs seem to acknowledge, everything that USCIS could have done with respect to Plaintiffs' individual applications to date has been done. What has not yet been done is an assessment of OLF as a group—and until that assessment is complete, no further analysis of Plaintiffs' applications can occur. Thus, what Plaintiffs ask in this lawsuit is for the Court to compel USCIS to make a determination about the OLF, or at the very least, to compel USCIS to inform Plaintiffs as to when its inquiry will be complete. Plaintiffs contend that this Court has jurisdiction to compel such actions pursuant to the Administrative Procedure Act ("APA"), 5 U.S.C. § 701 et seq., and 28 U.S.C. § 1331. They claim that Defendants have a nondiscretionary duty to adjudicate their applications within a reasonable time and that they have failed to do so. There is a general presumption that agency decisions are reviewable under the APA. See I.N.S. v. St. Cyr, 533 U.S. 289, 298 (2001). Under the APA, a Court may "compel agency action unlawfully withheld or unreasonably delayed." 5 U.S.C. § 706(1). But "a claim under § 706(1) can proceed only where a plaintiff asserts that an 6 agency failed to take a discrete agency action that it is required to take." Norton v. S. Utah Wilderness Alliance, 542 U.S. 55, 64 (2004) (emphasis in original). This limitation precludes judicial review of action that is not demanded by law. Id. "The principal purpose of the APA limitations . . . is to protect agencies from undue judicial interference with their lawful discretion, and to avoid judicial entanglement in abstract policy disagreements which courts lack both expertise and information to resolve." Id. Further, the APA does not permit judicial review of federal agency action when such review is precluded by statute, 5 U.S.C. § 701(a)(1), or "committed to agency discretion by law," id. § 701(a)(2). Defendants assert that 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(B)(ii) precludes judicial review of USCIS's decision to place Plaintiff's adjustment applications on hold, pending the issuance of exemptions under the Secretary's discretionary authority. Section 1252(a)(2)(B)(ii) provides: [N]o court shall have jurisdiction to review . . . any other decision or action of the Attorney General or the Secretary of Homeland Security the authority for which is specified under this subchapter to be in the discretion of the Attorney General or the Secretary of Homeland Security, other than the granting of relief under section 1158(a) of this title. Id. Thus, § 1252(a)(2)(B)(ii) applies if: (1) there has been a "decision or action" taken with respect to Plaintiffs' applications; (2) that decision or action is within the discretion of the Secretary of Homeland Security or Attorney General; and (3) the discretion exercised by the Secretary or Attorney General is "specified under this subchapter." Plaintiffs first contend that because there has been no grant or denial of their applications, there has been no "decision or action" by the Secretary. They assert that USCIS's decision to place their applications on hold is not a "decision or action," but rather is inaction, and thus judicial review of such inaction is not precluded. But if "decision or action," as used in § 1252(a)(2)(B)(ii), referred only to a final decision either granting or denying the application, 7 then word "action" would be entirely superfluous. See Grinberg v. Swacina, 478 F. Supp. 2d 1350, 1353-54 (S.D. Fla. 2007); Safadi v. Howard, 466 F. Supp. 2d 696 (E.D. Va. 2006). Thus, there must be "actions" other than final "decisions" granting or denying the applications that are also precluded from judicial review. The decision to place Plaintiffs' applications on hold resulted from a series of affirmative acts, including the Secretary's decision to promulgate regulations setting forth the procedure for removing certain applications from the general pool, the review of Plaintiffs' applications to determine whether their cases fell within the categories to be removed from the general pool, and then the actual removal of Plaintiffs' applications from the general pool and the placement of those applications on hold. Further, Plaintiffs do not actually contend that there has been no action with respect to their applications. For instance, they do not assert that their applications have simply been ignored or that there has been no consideration of their applications. In fact, they appear to acknowledge that USCIS made an affirmative decision to place their I-485 applications on hold, pending a decision regarding the applicability of present and future exemptions. See Pl.'s Mem. Opp. 11. They also acknowledge that USCIS is currently evaluating the OLF to determine whether it qualifies under one of the Secretary's exemptions. Thus, what Plaintiffs object to is not the absence of any agency decision or action, but rather the decision that the agency made—the decision to place their applications on hold until an applicable exemption was issued. USCIS's decision to place Plaintiffs' applications on hold, pursuant to agency and congressional policy regarding possible future exemptions for terrorism-related inadmissibility grounds, was a decision within the Secretary's discretion. Further, this discretion is "specified" under the relevant INA provisions. Section 1182(d)(3)(B)(i) provides: The Secretary of State, after consultation with the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security, or the Secretary of Homeland Security, after 8 consultation with the Secretary of State and the Attorney General, may determine in such Secretary's sole unreviewable discretion that subsection (a)(3)(B) of this section shall not apply with respect to an alien within the scope of that subsection or that subsection (a)(3)(B)(vi)(III) of this section shall not apply to a group within the scope of that subsection . . . . [N]o court shall have jurisdiction to review such a determination or revocation except in a proceeding for review of a final order of removal pursuant to section 1252 of this title, and review shall be limited to the extent provided in section 1252(a)(2)(D) of this title. 8 U.S.C. § 1182(d)(3)(B)(i) (emphasis added). Section § 1159(b) provides: The Secretary of Homeland Security or the Attorney General, in the Secretary's or the Attorney General's discretion and under such regulations as the Secretary or the Attorney General may prescribe, may adjust to the status of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence the status of any alien granted asylum. Id. § 1159(b) (emphasis added). Thus, under the statute, the Secretary has "sole unreviewable discretion" to determine whether to exempt an alien from the terrorism-related inadmissibility grounds, as well as the express discretionary authority to adjust an asylee's status and promulgate regulations necessary to exercising that authority. The Court recognizes that other courts, including some within this district, have concluded that because § 1159 does not explicitly commit the pace of adjudication to the discretion of USCIS, the pace is not "specified under this subchapter" and so judicial review of the pace of adjudication is not precluded. See, e.g., Al Sawad v. Mayorkas, No. 11-cv-2923, 2012 WL 3238258 (D. Minn. Aug. 7, 2012); Rambang v. Mayorkas, Civil No. 11-3454, 2012 WL 2449927 (D. Minn. June 27, 2012); AlRifahe v. Mayorkas, 776 F. Supp. 2d 927 (D. Minn. 2011); Sawad v. Frazier, No. 07-1721, 2007 WL 2973833 (D. Minn. Oct. 9, 2007). Other courts, however, have concluded that the pace of adjudication is embraced within the Secretary's discretionary authority specified under the INA. See, e.g., Seydi v. U.S. Citizenship & Immigrations Servs., 779 F. Supp. 2d 714 (E.D. Mich. 2011); Singh v. Napolitano, 710 F. Supp. 2d 123 (D.D.C. 2010); Hu v. Chertoff, No. Civ. S-062805 WBS EFB, 2007 WL 1515067 (E.D. Ca. 2007); Safadi v. Howard, 466 F. Supp. 2d 696 (E.D. Va. 2006). 9 The Court finds the reasoning expressed in these latter cases more persuasive. An interpretation of § 1159 that commits the adjustment decision itself, as well as the authority to promulgate regulations governing the adjudication process, to the Secretary's discretion, but excludes from the Secretary's discretion the time required to arrive at the adjustment decision, merely puts form over substance. The express grant of discretionary authority regarding the process by which adjustment applications are to be considered, as well as the Secretary's explicit discretionary authority to exempt certain groups of applicants, would be meaningless if the Court could impose upon the Secretary some judicially-created time requirement. The Court is not equipped—nor can it be—to determine how much time the Secretary needs to adequately assess various terrorist organizations and make determinations affecting foreign policy and national security. Thus, the statutory grant of discretion to promulgate regulations governing how to make adjustment decisions necessarily carries with it the discretion to determine when those adjustment decisions will be made. See Singh, 710 F. Supp. 2d at 129-30. Further, it is a "basic tenet of administrative law that agencies should be free to fashion their own rules of procedure" and "to pursue methods of inquiry capable of permitting them to discharge their multitudinous duties." Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 435 U.S. 519, 543-44 (1978) (internal quotation marks omitted). Here, the Secretary has chosen, through her delegate—the USCIS Director—to issue a policy memorandum dictating the procedures under which the agency should consider certain groups and categories of applicants. This procedure, including a procedure for placing on hold certain applications involving terrorism-related activities, allows the Secretary to exercise her other discretionary authority to exempt certain categories of applicants from the terrorism-related 10 inadmissibility grounds. Thus, the Secretary has the discretion to place the Plaintiffs' applications on hold, and this discretion is "specified" under the relevant statutory provisions. Even if the jurisdiction-stripping statute did not apply, 5 U.S.C. § 706(a)(2) would nevertheless preclude judicial review, as USCIS's decision to place Plaintiffs' applications on hold pursuant to congressional and agency policy is a matter "committed to agency discretion by law." While "[s]ubsection (a)(1) is concerned with whether Congress expressed an intent to prohibit judicial review[,] subsection (a)(2) applies 'in those rare instances where "statutes are drawn in such broad terms that in a given case there is no law to apply."'" Webster v. Doe, 486 U.S. 592, 599 (1988) (quoting Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe, 401 U.S. 402, 410 (1971)). [E]ven where Congress has not affirmatively precluded review, review is not to be had if the statute is drawn so that a court would have no meaningful standard against which to judge the agency's exercise of discretion. In such a case, the statute ("law") can be taken to have "committed" the decisionmaking to the agency's judgment absolutely. . . . [I]f no judicially manageable standards are available for judging how and when an agency should exercise its discretion, then it is impossible to evaluate agency action for "abuse of discretion." Heckler v. Chaney, 470 U.S. 821, 830 (1985). "An important factor in discerning whether there is a 'meaningful standard' for judicial review is whether the agency decision 'involves a complicated balancing of a number of factors which are peculiarly within its expertise.'" Ngure v. Ashcroft, 367 F.3d 975, 982 (8th Cir. 2004) (citation omitted). "In that situation, '[t]he agency is far better equipped than the courts to deal with the many variables involved in the proper ordering of its priorities.'" Id. (citation omitted). It is undisputed that USCIS's decision as to whether to adjust an asylee's status, especially an asylee who is a member or supporter of a recognized terrorist organization, "involves a complicated balancing of a number of factors which are peculiarly within its 11 expertise." Moreover, the balancing of these factors could not be farther removed from the Court's expertise. The Court emphasizes the significance of these plaintiffs' particular situation. Their applications are not on hold because USCIS refuses to make a determination about these plaintiffs as individuals. Rather, they are pending because USCIS has yet to make a determination about a terrorist organization, the OLF, as a group. A decision affecting an individual is considerably different than a decision about a terrorist group as a whole, and the factors that are to be balanced are also significantly different when dealing with a terrorist organization rather than an individual. The exemption process requires consultation between the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Attorney General. Sufficient time is required for information-gathering and research by law enforcement and intelligence agencies. Further, the status and activities of a foreign organization are dynamic and fluid, and thus the time required for an inquiry into that organization must surely vary tremendously. For example, the Secretary's assessment of a particular Tier III terrorist organization may depend on, among other things: the changing political environment of the organization's country or region; shifting policies or leadership within the organization; whether the organization continues to be active and if so, in what sort of activities it engages; and ongoing concerns and goals of the United States with respect to its foreign policy. If the Court were to inquire into the reasonableness of the pace of adjudication, it would have to examine in full the Secretary's decisionmaking process, including the Secretary's rationale for assessing some Tier III organizations before others, how the Secretary has chosen to allocate her time and resources, what information the Secretary currently possesses regarding the OLF, what efforts the Secretary has made and will make to acquire information about the OLF, and what national security and foreign policy 12 concerns may be affecting the Secretary's decisionmaking. Such a review by this Court would not only be unwise, but it is jurisdictionally prohibited, as these are matters clearly within the discretion of the Secretary and beyond this Court's ability to review. It is well established that "judicial deference to the Executive Branch is especially appropriate in the immigration context where officials 'exercise especially sensitive political functions that implicate questions of foreign relations.'" I.N.S. v. Aquirre-Aguirre, 526 U.S. 415, 425 (1999). Absent jurisdiction to assess the factors that would go into a determination regarding the reasonableness of the delay, any conclusion by this Court about what constitutes a reasonable or unreasonable delay would be arbitrary guesswork. The Court has absolutely no basis upon which to opine on the reasonableness of the delay in adjudicating these plaintiffs' applications for adjustment of status. Given the fact that Plaintiffs' applications are on hold because Plaintiffs belong to a Tier III terrorist organization, and because there has not yet been a determination regarding that particular organization, there is no meaningful standard against which the Court could measure the reasonableness of the pace of adjudication of these plaintiffs' applications. Under these circumstances, there is nothing from which this Court could make a reasoned decision regarding the time necessary for the Secretary and USCIS to conduct their time-intensive, politically-sensitive, interagency evaluations. Without a basis upon which to make a reasoned decision, the Court is hard-pressed to conclude that it can make a decision at all. In the absence of "judicially manageable standards . . . for judging how and when an agency should exercise its discretion," Heckler, 470 U.S. at 830, review of this question is precluded under § 706(a)(2) of the APA, as it is a matter "committed to agency discretion by law." 13 The Court acknowledges Plaintiffs' frustration at not having an answer, and not knowing when they will have an answer, but for the above reasons, the Court simply cannot delve into the reasonableness of USCIS's evaluation of the OLF and Plaintiffs' applications. Some consolation may be had, perhaps, in the fact that USCIS attests—and Plaintiffs do not dispute—that USCIS is currently undertaking an evaluation of the OLF, and that as a result of the August 2012 exemption, Plaintiffs may soon have a final adjudication of their applications. III. CONCLUSION Based on the files, records, and proceedings herein, and for the reasons stated above, IT IS ORDERED THAT: 1. Defendants' Motion to Dismiss or, in the Alternative, Motion for Summary Judgment [Docket No. 8] is GRANTED. LET JUDGMENT BE ENTERED ACCORDINGLY. Dated: February 20, 2013 s/Joan N. Ericksen JOAN N. ERICKSEN United States District Judge 14


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News Link - May 30, 2013
Nominate a Colleague for Employee Excellence Award
Nominations are being accepted for the annual Employee Excellence Awards, which recognize employees for exceptional contributions to the CNM community. Deadline to submit a nomination is June 21. CNM's vital role in the community is served through the energy, vision and attitude of its most important resource – employees. These awards honor those who go above and beyond to further the vision, mission and goals of the college. For more information about the award or to submit a nomination, click here.
Denise Montoya Named New HR Executive Director
Denise Montoya has been named the new Executive Director for Human Resources, effective July 15. Denise is currently the Human Resources Client Services Director at UNM, where she has worked since 2003. She has also served in progressively responsible Human Resources positions at Albuquerque Public Schools, the New Mexico Gaming Control Board, Ross Aviation, Philips Semiconductors and the San Diego County Law Library. Denise is a part-time CNM instructor. Special thanks go to Rose Orozco-Monroy for serving as Interim Director of HR and Paul Lucero for his work as a consultant to the Human Resources Department over the past year.
How Can CNM Pave a Faster Track to Graduation for Students? Check Out President Winograd's Blog and Join the Conversation
President Kathie Winograd blogs about the need for CNM to provide students with new opportunities to get on a faster track to graduation. The current 8-week courses being offered this summer could help pave the way. Join in the conversation at http://blogging.cnm.edu/.
CNM Receives $4,500 Grant from National Endowment for Humanities
The National Endowment for Humanities, in association with the American Library Association (ALA), has awarded CNM Libraries a $4,500 programming grant as part of the NEH's Bridging Cultures Bookshelf: Muslim Journeys program. Go to http://cnm.edu/facultystaffnews to read more.
Consumer Advocacy and Financial Literacy Organization Recognizes CNM Veterans Program
NerdWallet, a consumer advocacy and financial literacy website, has recognized CNM for its dedication to educating and supporting military veterans. A news release issued by NerdWallet said: CNM "works closely with students to meet their education and career goals and participates in VA education benefits, including the Vocational Rehabilitation Program. This is a program designed to assist veterans with service-connected disabilities to overcome employment handicaps and to maintain suitable employment. Additionally, CNM has a Vietnam Veterans Scholarship, which covers 100 percent of students' tuition and books to help residents of New Mexico that have served in Vietnam." CNM also provides support to all military veterans through the VetSuccess Center. NerdWallet also ranked Albuquerque as the fifth best medium-sized city for veterans. Click here for more.
Passage to Work Program Gives Hope to Graduates
On April 25, several students participating in CNM's new "Passage to Work" program participated in a graduation ceremony for the first time, which provided the opportunity to celebrate in caps and gowns. And for some, it was also the first time they ever finished a class. The seven students participating in the program, which serves students with developmental or physical disabilities, received certificates of completion for one term of nine-hour coursework that qualifies them for employment with CNM's community partner Adelante Development Center, Inc. Go to http://cnm.edu/facultystaffnews to read more.
Faculty Load and Compensation (FLAC) Update – Action by Faculty Required
Newly implemented Faculty Load and Compensation (FLAC) processes require faculty to review and acknowledge course assignments. Instructions and a training video are available on the Employee Tab of myCNM in the Tutorial area (upper right corner).
Part-time Faculty – Summer course assignments are currently available for review and acknowledgement through myCNM. The deadline to acknowledge assignments is Friday, June 7. For courses beginning on May 20, the first paycheck will be on Friday, June 21. Note that course pay is based on the Workload for any given course. The Workload column is listed on the Faculty Load and Compensation Acknowledgement Form. The definition of Workload is weekly contact hours plus office hours multiplied by the number of weeks for the course. The part-time course compensation is calculated on the Workload multiplied by the appropriate hourly rate.
Please disregard the contact and credit hour figures listed on the Faculty Load and Compensation Acknowledgement Form when evaluating pay. The contact and credit hour columns do not contain the numbers used in the Workload formula. Rather they are used by other entities at the College when processing data related to functions other than pay.
Faculty Invited to Participate on Sustainability Curriculum Team
Faculty members from all CNM schools are encouraged to join the revitalized Sustainability Curriculum Team that is charged with vetting, prioritizing and selecting projects and opportunities for integrating sustainability concepts and theories into the curriculum. Participating faculty members should have a strong interest in supporting CNM sustainability efforts to contribute to a more sustainable environment. The team will begin meeting this summer. Interested faculty should contact Lis Turkheimer, email@example.com, by Friday, June 14.
Assessment Services Unavailable June 5 from 8-11 a.m.
Due to a college-wide staff meeting for Assessment Services staff, Assessment Services will be unavailable from 8 a.m. to 11 a.m. on Wednesday, June 5. All Assessment offices will reopen at 11 a.m.
For Your Information:
CNM Students and Faculty Moving to Microsoft Office 2013 in Fall
Academic Affairs and BIT are in the process of adopting Microsoft Office 2013 for the Information Technology course IT-1010. As a result, ITS will migrate all instructional computer labs/classrooms, as well as faculty systems, to Microsoft Office 2013 (Word, Excel, Powerpoint, Outlook, etc.) for the 2013 fall term. In order to make this transition as smooth as possible, ITS has partnered with Academic Affairs to set up one Office 2013 test system in each computer lab/classroom. These test systems will have all the other instructional software associated with that computer lab/classroom on them so that faculty and lab staff can test both the Microsoft Office 2013 software and how the other instructional software interacts with the Office suite. Rooms in which the course IT-1010 is currently being taught for the summer term will have Office 2010 only for the remainder of the summer term. BIT is in the process of scheduling Office 2013 training for CNM faculty and lab staff, and a schedule will be forthcoming in future editions of News Link. If you have questions or concerns related to this initiative, please contact the ITS Service Desk at email@example.com, or call 224-HELP. For more information about what's new in Office 2013, click here.
Banner, Other Services to be Unavailable June 8-10 and June 22-23
Starting June 8 from 7 a.m. through June 10 at 6 a.m., and starting June 22 at 7 a.m. until June 23 at 6 a.m., the following services will be unavailable due to technology upgrades: Banner and online services under myCNM, including registration, electronic payments, grades, Web for Faculty, student email and myCourses. myCNM e-mail can still be accessed through https://mail.google.com/a/cnm.edu. This system outage will not affect access to Distance Learning/Blackboard. If you have any questions or concerns related to these outages, contact the ITS Service Desk at 224-4357 or send an e-mail to email@example.com.
New Online Investor Training Available for Employees – Deadline to Register June 14
CNM is offering a new online training program that can help employees bolster their financial security through basic investing tips and valuable information on managing personal finance, retirement planning and more. The online training program is called "Investor Education in Your Workplace" and CNM was selected as a provider. The training program will last 10 weeks, through Aug. 16, and the deadline to register is June 14.. Participants in this program have increased their financial knowledge by an average of 30-40 percent and improved financial behaviors by an average of 50-60 percent. For more information, email email@example.com.
Employee Training Department's Fundamentals of Supervision Training Moved to Fall
The 10-week "Fundamentals of Supervision" training course, which was originally scheduled to be offered May 31-Aug. 9, is being rescheduled to fall. More information on the new dates will be available later. For more information, email email@example.com.
Project Heart Start Seeks Volunteers
Project Heart Start is seeking CNM volunteers trained in compression cardio-pulmonary resuscitation to facilitate at a mass CPR training event on June 22 at the UNM Johnson Center Gym in Albuquerque and at Meadowlark Senior Center in Rio Rancho. The course is not for certifications. As a result, facilitators are not required to be certified instructors, but rather people who perform CPR as part of their professional roles. In addition, EMTs and RTs can earn four hours of CE credits but need to register through Eventbrite and stay the entire four hours of the program. Facilitator training will take place online where they view a 20-minute facilitator video. On the day of the event they are expected to arrive by 6:30 a.m. Each facilitator will receive breakfast and a complimentary t-shirt. An orientation and "just in time" training will be held at 7:15 a.m., followed by the actual program at 8 a.m. The event will end by noon. The video can be seen at http://projectheartstartnm.org/Demos_Videos.aspx. People can sign up for the Albuquerque training at http://abq2013phs.eventbrite.com and for the Rio Rancho training at http://riorancho2013phs.eventbrite.com/#. Click on the "register" button. For more information call 843-2814 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
BIT Announces Two New Associate Deans
Two new associate deans have been named in the School of Business & Information Technology (BIT) – Dawn Addington and Barbara Johnston. Addington will oversee Accounting, Business, Culinary Arts, Financial Services, Hospitality and Tourism and Office Technology. She has worked for CNM since September 1987 and served as program director/chair overseeing the Accounting, Business Associate of Arts and Financial Services since 1992. She has served as the BIT representative and co-facilitator of CNM's Student Academic Assessment Committee.
Johnston will oversee Computer Information Programs and Information Technology. She joined the college's Technology Department in 1996 as a computer programming faculty member, after working as a software development engineer and program manager at Rockwell International. She became curriculum chair for the computer programming and networking areas when these Technology Department computer courses were integrated into BIT. In 2009, Johnston was elected BIT's CIS Faculty Chair.
LouAnne Lundgren to Serve as Interim Dean of SAGE
LouAnne Lundgren has been named the interim dean for the School of Adult & General Education (SAGE), replacing the recently retired Pam Etre-Perez. LouAnne officially moved into her new leadership role on Monday. She will serve in the interim capacity until a new dean is selected. Since August 2005, she has been an associate dean in SAGE. Prior to that, she served as director of instruction in SAGE.
Montoya Campus Book Club to Discuss "World War Z"
Join the Montoya Campus Book Club at 5:30 p.m. on June 20 in the J Building, Room 123C, for a discussion on Max Brooks' World War Z: An Oral History of the Zombie War. Carlos Orellana wrote in his Booklist review, this is "a horror fan's version of Studs Terkel's The Good War… Like George Romero's Dead trilogy, World War Z is another milestone in the zombie mythology." Refreshments will be served. Contact Daniel Hay, email@example.com, for more information.
Disability Resource Center Changing Hours
The Disability Resource Center is changing its hours of operation. The center hours are moving from the current hours of 7 a.m. to 5 p.m., to the hours of 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., effective June 3. Call 224-3259 for more information.
TRiO Accepting Summer Applications
TRiO Student Support Services is now accepting applications for the summer term. Students may access TRiO's online application by clicking here. Trio Student Support Services offers resources such as personalized academic guidance, coaching and one-on-one tutoring to students who are income-eligible, first-generation college students and/or have a documented disability and wish to graduate and transfer to a four-year university. For more info, call 224-4375.
Job Connection and Employee Training Offer Workshop on 'Applying for Jobs at CNM'
Job Connection Services will present a special employability workshop for CNM employees on "Applying for Jobs at CNM: Using Your Head to Get Ahead" on Tuesday, June 11 at 3 p.m. in SRC 204. During this session, people will be introduced to Job Connection Services, the CNM application, cover letter and resume writing, preparing for interviews and professional development. For more information on the workshop, click here.
Golf Tournament Fundraiser Benefits CNM Foundation Scholarship
The Facility Managers Association of New Mexico will host a golf tournament on July 19 that will benefit CNM's New Mexico Facility Managers Association Scholarship Endowment. The endowment supports students enrolled in trade programs, such as mechanical, electrical, heating and air conditioning, and plumbing trades. For more information about how to participate, visit http://www.fmanm.com/. /p>
Supervisor Academy Offered Through Workforce Training Center
The Workforce Training Center is offering a 12-module Supervisor Academy for CNM managers and supervisors on Fridays from July 12 through Sept. 27 from 9 a.m.-4 p.m. The skills training will be held at the Workforce Training Center and will cost $415 with a CNM Employee Training Approval Form. Topics to be covered include Introduction to Supervision; Effective Communication; Change Management; Conflict Management; Team Building; Coaching, Feedback and Delegation; Delivering Powerful Performance Appraisals; Employment Law and Human Resources; Hiring Right; Problem Solving and Decision Making; Time and Stress Management; and Empowerment. To register contact the Workforce Training Center at 224-5200 or email@example.com.
New Technology for cnm.edu Delayed to June 24
The launch date for the following technology has been delayed to June 24 due to technical issues. Beginning June 24, no matter what kind of tablet or smartphone somebody uses to access cnm.edu, a new state-of-the-art technology called "responsive design" will provide visitors with a consistently sharp and proper presentation of cnm.edu that will improve accessibility. This new technology for cnm.edu will also bring some other refinements to the look and feel of cnm.edu.
Celebrity Cruises Offers Discounts to Faculty
Celebrity Cruises is celebrating "Local Heroes" by offering them $100 to spend on board when they book a summer cruise in Alaska, Bermuda or Europe. Plus, people can combine this special offer with other Celebrity Cruise offers. The offer applies to active or retired faculty, military members, police officers, firefighters and emergency medical technicians. For more information, call Classic Travel, Inc. at 888-4448 or click here.
About News Link
News Link is a weekly e-newsletter provided by the Marketing and Communications Office for CNM faculty and staff. To submit an item for inclusion, please e-mail the Marketing and Communications Office. Please include "News Link" in the subject line of the e-mail. The deadline for News Link is 3 p.m. Wednesdays.


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- Home
- About
- Scholarly Resources
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- PlayShakespeare
|This is a test. Please delete.
This is a test. Please delete and do not respond. Thank you, Hardy Cook Editor of SHAKSPER This is a test document. Please delete. Hardy Cook Editor of SHAKSPER


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Travel reviews by Mrs & Mr O - California
Fabulous First Safari
On this trip, I visited Zambia between 8-Oct-2013 and 24-Oct-2013 and I travelled with 1 other person.
Our trip was excellent. Thank you, Maruska, for suggesting we add the Lower Zambezi to our trip; it really did offer another dimension, balancing our overall experience.
One disappointment, and I'm not sure who knew what when, or if Expert Africa knew at all, was the added traffic flow caused by BBC filming in South Luangwa. They were given special permission to operate all hours of day and night, and when present at lion and leopard sightings their crew usually added 3-vehicles, making some of our sightings very congested. I had chosen the northern sector of the park, particularly for its lesser density. I know how much the publicity is good for the park, and the wildlife, I just selfishly wish it hadn't interfered with my own experience.
I had initially wanted to add Zambia to our proposed trip to Namibia and Botswana, but our trip was becoming far too long, so we opted to take a 'warm-up' instead. I'm glad we did, as we've opted to go with a private guide/vehicle during our second Africa visit. This will give us more say in what we see and how much time we spend where, something very important in obtaining good photographs.
Expert Africa's arrangements worked flawlessly. Thank you.
I stayed at and have reviewed:
|Overall rating
|Pioneer Camp, Zambia
8-Oct-2013 review: Good Layover at Pioneer Camp
|Chongwe River Camp, Zambia
9-Oct-2013 review: Unbeatable Beginning to our Safari at Chongwe
|Tafika, Zambia
13-Oct-2013 review: Excellent Guiding and Wildlife at Tafika
|Kaingo Camp, Zambia
17-Oct-2013 review: Stunning Location Overflowing with Wildlife
|Mwamba Bushcamp, Zambia
19-Oct-2013 review: Mwamba's Last Waterhole Hide was Fantastic
|Kaingo Camp, Zambia
23-Oct-2013 review: Fantastic Finaly with Kaingo


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Posted: Monday, November 18th 2013 at 2:44pm
Eye complaints attributed to chalk dust
By The Associated Press
SANDY SPRINGS, Ga. - Police said students at Sandy Springs Middle School were moved outside Monday afternoon after more than 20 children began suffering from eye irritation.
Steve Rose, of the Sandy Springs police department said 22 students began complaining of eye irritation, which prompted an investigation by police and fire officials.
Fulton County Schools spokeswoman Susan Hill told WXIA-TV the students were in the school's computer lab when they said their eyes began to hurt.
Sandy Springs Fire Chief Jack McElfish said three students were taken to Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Scottish Rite.
According to Rose, fire officials determined the source of the students' eye irritation was calcium carbonate, also known as chalk dust. Officials don't know how the dust caused the problems in the classroom. It was the only room where the students were affected.
Rose said the scene was cleared around 2:30 p.m.
Associated Categories: Homepage, Local/State News
© Copyright 2014 AccessNorthGa.com
All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission.


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This element allows you to define variables for the variables substitution system. Some variables are built-in, such as
$INSTALL_PATH (which is the installation path chosen by the user). When you define a set of variables, you just have to place as many
<variable> tags in the file as needed. If you define a variable named
VERSION you need to type $VERSION in the files to parse. The variable substitutor will then replace it with the correct value. One
<variable> tag take the following attributes :
name: the variable name
value: the variable value
Here's a sample
<variables> section :
|Code Block
<variables> <variable name="app-version" value="1.4"/> <variable name="released-on" value="08/03/2002"/> </variables>
Here's a precise sample on how to use desktopshortcutcheckboxenabled and InstallerFrame.logfilePath variables:
|Code Block
<variable name="InstallerFrame.logfilePath" value="$INSTALL_PATH/My-install.log"/>
<!-- This means that the log name will be My-install and that it will be stored at the root of the installation. -->
<!-- Any path is fine. If value is set to "Default" then "$INSTALL_PATH/uninstall/install.log" is used. -->
<!-- And if variable isn't defined then no log is written. -->
<variable name="desktopshortcutcheckboxenabled" value="true"/>
<!-- This automatically checks the "Create Desktop Shortcuts" button. Default value is "False". -->
Types of Variables
Static variables