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National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program
More Information about Drinking Water
Contaminant transport to public supply | Health Based Screening Levels | Source Water-Quality Assessment Program | Pesticide National Synthesis | Volatile Organic Compounds National Synthesis | Principal Aquifer Assessments | Nutrient National Synthesis
Sorted by: | Publication Date (newest first) | Publication Date (oldest first) | Author (A-Z) | Author (Z-A) | Title (A-Z) | Title (Z-A) |
Showing results 176 to 201 of 365.
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Lapham, W.W., Hamilton, P.A., and Myers, D.N., 2005, National Water-Quality Assessment Program - Cycle II - Regional assessments of aquifers: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3013, 4 p. Available Online
Lapham, W.W., Carter, J.M., Zogorski, J.S., and Valder, J.F., 2006, The occurrence of volatile organic compounds in aquifers of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map SIM 2931, 1 sheet. Available Online
Landon, Matthew K., Clark, Brian R., McMahon, Peter B., McGuire, Virginia L., and Turco, Michael J., 2008, Hydrogeology, Chemical Characteristics, and Transport Processes in the Zone of Contribution of a Public-Supply Well in York, Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5050, 149 p. Available Online
Landon, M.K., Jurgens, B.C., Katz, B.G., Eberts, S.M., Burow, K.R., and Crandall, C.A., 2010, Depth-dependent sampling to identify short-circuit pathways to public-supply wells in multiple aquifer settings in the United States: Hydrogeology Journal, vol. 18, no. 3, p. 577. doi: 10.1007/s10040-009-0531-2 Available Online
Landon, M.K., Eberts, S.M., Jurgens, B.C., Katz, B.G., Burow, K.R., Crandall, C.A., Brown, C.J., and Starn J.J., 2006, Knowledge of where and how contamination-susceptible water enters public-supply wells can be used to improve monitoring strategies and protection plans: Ground Water Protection Council Annual Forum 2006, Sept.30-Oct.4, 2006, Miami Beach, FL., 15 p. Available Online
Landon, M.K., and Turco, M.J., 2007, Hydrogeologic Setting and Ground-Water Flow Simulations of the Eastern High Plains Regional Study Area, Nebraska, Section 8 in Paschke, Suzanne S., ed., 2007, Hydrogeologic settings and ground-water flow simulations for regional studies of the transport of anthropogenic and natural contaminants to public-supply wells--studies begun in 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1737-A, p. 8-1 to 8-26. Available Online
Land, Larry F., Moring, J. Bruce, Van Metre, Peter C., Reutter, David C., Mahler, Barbara J., Shipp, Allison A., and Ulery, Randy L., 1998, Water quality in the Trinity River Basin, Texas, 1992-95: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1171, 39 p. Available Online
Kroening, Sharon E., and Andrews, William J., 1997, Water-quality assessment of part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota and Wisconsin-- Nitrogen and phosphorus in streams, streambed sediment, and ground water, 1971-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4107, 61 p. Available Online
Koterba, M.T., Banks, W.S., and Shedlock, R.J., 1993, Pesticides in ground water in the Delmarva Peninsula: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 22, no. 3, p. 500-518. Available Online
Kolpin, Dana W., Barbash, Jack E., and Gilliom, Robert J., 2000, Pesticides in ground water of the United States, 1992-1996: Ground Water, vol. 38, no. 6, p. 858-863. Available Online
Koch, B., Dale, M., Zogorski, J., Delzer, G., Grady, S., Ivahnenko, T., Clawges, R., and Tratnyek, P., 2003, Occurrence of MTBE and VOCs in drinking water sources of the United States: AWWA Research Foundation Report no. 90954F, 189 p.
Kleiss, Barbara A., Coupe, Richard H., Gonthier, Gerard J., and Justus, Billy G., 2000, Water quality in the Mississippi Embayment, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee, and Kentucky, 1995-98: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1208, 36 p. Available Online
Kingsbury, James A., Delzer, Gregory C., and Hopple, Jessica A., 2008, Anthropogenic Organic Compounds in Source Water of Nine Community Water Systems that Withdraw from Streams, 2002-05: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5208, 68 p. Available Online
Kingsbury, James A., Delzer, Gregory C., and Hamilton, Pixie A. , 2008, Man-Made Organic Compounds in Source Water of Nine Community Water Systems that Withdraw from Streams, 2002-05: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS 2008-3094, 6 p. Available Online
Kingsbury, James A., and Shelton, John M., 2002, Water-quality of the Mississippian carbonate aquifer in parts of middle Tennessee and northern Alabama, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 02-4083, 36 p. Available Online
Kingsbury, James A., 2003, Shallow ground-water quality in agricultural areas of northern Alabama and middle Tennessee, 2000-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4181, 38 p. Available Online
Kauffman, Leon J., Baehr, Arthur L., Ayers, Mark A., and Stackelberg, Paul E., 2001, Effects of land use and travel time on the distribution of nitrate in the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system in southern New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4117, 49 p. Available Online
Kauffman, L.J, and F.H. Chapelle, 2010, Relative vulnerability of public supply wells to VOC contamination in hydrologically distinct regional aquifers: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, vol. 30, no. 4, 10 p. doi: 10.1111/j1745-6592.2010.01308.x Available Online
Katz, Brian G., Crandall, Christy A., Metz, Patricia A., McBride, William S., and Berndt, Marian P., 2007, Chemical characteristics, water sources and pathways, and age distribution of ground water in the contributing recharge area of a public-supply well near Tampa, Florida, 2002-05: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5139, 85 p. Available Online
Katz, B.G., McBride, W.S., Hunt, A.G., Crandall, C.A., Metz, P.A., Eberts, S.M., and Berndt, M.P., 2009, Vulnerability of a public supply well in a karstic aquifer to contamination: Ground Water, vol. 47, no. 3, p. 438-452. Available Online
Katz, B.G., Kingsbury, J.A., Welch, H.L., Tollett, R.W., 2011, Processes affecting geochemistry and contaminant movement in the middle Claiborne aquifer of the Mississippi embayment aquifer system: Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 65, p. 1759-1780. DOI 10.1007/s12665-011-1157-y Available Online
Katz, B.G., Eberts, S.M., and Kauffman, L.J., 2011, Using Cl/Br ratios and other indicators to assess potential impacts on groundwater quality from septic systems: A review and examples from principal aquifers in the United States: Journal of Hydrology, vol. 397, no. 3-4, p. 151-166. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.11.017 Available Online
Kalkhoff, Stephen J., Barnes, Kimberlee K., Becher, Kent D., Savoca, Mark E., Schnoebelen, Douglas J., Sadorf, Eric M., Porter, Stephen D. and Sullivan, Daniel J., 2001, Water quality in the Eastern Iowa Basins, Iowa and Minnesota, 1996-98: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1210, 37 p. Available Online
Kalkhoff, S.J., 2000, Summary of the major water-quality findings from the Eastern Iowa Basins study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: Iowa Groundwater Quarterly, Fall 2000, vol. 11, no. 3, p. 20-21. Available Online
Jurgens, Bryant C., Burow, Karen R., Dalgish, Barbara A., and Shelton, Jennifer L., 2008, Hydrogeology, water chemistry, and factors affecting the transport of contaminants in the zone of contribution of a public-supply well in Modesto, Eastern San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5156, 94 p. Available Online
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You may post full-time and summer jobs for Cornell/ILR students online. Students (and alumni with up to five years experience) access the information through the same system they use to manage their on-campus recruiting activity, and you will receive résumés online through that system.
CCNet is part of the Experience system and offers free job and internship postings to all employers posting positions for Cornell students and alumni up to five years out.
Using CCNet, you can post an ILR-specific job posting. When you enter your job description, if you want only ILR students and/or recent alumni to submit for your posting, be sure to select "ILR - Industrial and Labor Relations" as a desired Major in the Application Qualifications section. In addition, please indicate (with the drop down choice) if your job is for a targeted audience (i.e. ILR Students/Recent Alumni).
Go to the Cornell employer log-in page. If you already have an Experience account, simply enter your Username and Password; if not, click on the "Create an Account" link and follow the steps to set up an account with us. At the "Jobs" tab towards the top of the page, select Cornell University and follow the prompts for posting a job. If you don't see our school in the list, click on the "link more eRecruiting school accounts" link and request a link to Cornell.

subset: commoncrawl


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By H. Frederick Dylla, Executive Director
Several months after the 9/11 attacks, the then director of the National Science Foundation, Rita Colwell, delivered a speech entitled "Science: Before and After September 11." Colwell made many good points about science and its role in our nation's ability to both protect itself and succeed in the global world economy. Ten years later, her points are just as relevant. Just before last week's decadal anniversary of the attacks, AIP's FYI science policy news bulletin reprinted several excerpts from Colwell's speech to keep our community mindful of the lessons brought to light by this tragedy.
Science and technology are directly linked to national security. In Colwell's words, "Every discussion about airline safety, contamination by disease, failure of communication links, poisoning of food and drinking water, assessment of damaged infrastructure, and countless other concerns depends on our scientific and technical knowledge." I don't think any citizen or policy maker would challenge this statement. Several government agencies support the development of science and technology to protect the US and its citizens against acts of terrorism.
Colwell stressed the importance of scientific research and noted the interdependence of disciplines required for contemporary research: "Advances in physics, biology, chemistry—the core physical sciences—undergird all of the biomedical sciences on which we depend to understand disease, find cures, develop vaccines, and initiate preventive strategies. …The alternative to not being at the forefront of science and technology is the alternative of being left behind. There is an ever-growing community of nations with equally capable workers." Ten years after 9/11 we observe the effects of globalization of science and industry with more clarity, and this constantly increasing global competition is the new "business as usual."
Our ability to continue to achieve success in science is dependent on our ability to fund science, which is in turn dependent on the scientific literacy of our nation. "A citizenry literate about science and technology serves several goals. It gives the nation a workforce educated and trained to compete in the increasingly competitive global marketplace. It promotes good judgment as voters on both issues and candidates. …I cannot stress enough the responsibility of the science community to help us meet that goal." A literate citizenry means both superior science education and an informed public who understands the connection between science and their quality of life.
Readers of this column know the importance I place on communicating science. During the last Assembly of Member and Affiliated Society Officers we dedicated the full morning to the topic of communicating science effectively. Our societies' programs approach this challenge from different angles: through advocacy, government relations, science news for the media, scholarly publishing, education, and a variety of outreach programs.
It is apparent that the entire scientific community must engage in the effort and make the message, so skillfully orated by Colwell, our own.
AIP is pleased to welcome David Baker to the Publisher's Office as journal manager. Baker will work closely with our journal editors and the author/reviewer community to enhance editorial development. As a PhD physicist who has read, reviewed, and published in scholarly journals, Baker understands what users want and value from a publisher, and can use this knowledge to advance our content and processes to meet their needs.
Baker received his bachelor's degree in physics from Augustana College in Sioux Falls, SD, and his PhD from North Carolina State University in Raleigh, NC. Since then, he has worked as a postdoctoral fellow at North Carolina State University and at Colorado School of Mines in Golden, CO. His research involved silicon processing and photolithography, silicon-based photovoltaic materials, novel silicon morphologies for hydrogen storage, and phase-change memory materials.
AIP's recently launched summary of newsworthy journal research, Physics News Highlights, is providing a successful platform to publicize the compelling science in AIP journals. Our most-recent issue included short features on:
These summaries, though primarily written for reporters, are tailored to be of interest to scientists and non-scientists alike. The current biweekly schedule seems to be hitting the "sweet spot"–keeping us front-and-center in the minds of journalists without overloading inboxes. Recently, one of our summaries was picked up by ABC News science reporter Lee Dye while others are routinely featured on various science news websites. You can read these summaries every other Monday on the AIP News webpage, or simply follow us on Twitter @AIPPhysicsNews for the latest Physics News Highlights and our ongoing series of news releases.
Wednesday, September 21
Thursday – Sunday, September 22 – 25
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Wednesday, September 28
We invite your feedback to this newsletter via email to
For past issues of this newsletter, visit the
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The Global Intelligence Files,
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The Global Intelligence Files
On Monday February 27th, 2012, WikiLeaks began publishing The Global Intelligence Files, over five million e-mails from the Texas headquartered "global intelligence" company Stratfor. The e-mails date between July 2004 and late December 2011. They reveal the inner workings of a company that fronts as an intelligence publisher, but provides confidential intelligence services to large corporations, such as Bhopal's Dow Chemical Co., Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Raytheon and government agencies, including the US Department of Homeland Security, the US Marines and the US Defence Intelligence Agency. The emails show Stratfor's web of informers, pay-off structure, payment laundering techniques and psychological methods.
How do I?
Released on 2012-10-19 08:00 GMT
|2010-01-13 23:26:43
Several years ago I was getting some free Stratfor articles as e-mail, and =
was very disappointed when you stopped=A0 making them available for free.
The other day I discovered some of those articles I had printed and saved f=
or discussions acquaintances.
I find a current offer,on your website for, your service, =A0at a $350 pric=
e, and I am sure that for some readers that is a very good value for the qu=
ality of the service provided.
I am a 82 year ols geezer that is hanging on to this current ecomomiic/poli=
tical =A0world by his fingernails, and hope that you can tell me where I ca=
n access enough of your quality articles, on line, at no, or low, cost, to =
get/stay on the informed side of most old geezer economic/political discuss=
I sincerely hope that President Obama and his advisors are reading your ana=
lyses of the situations around the world, to help them deal with the truth.
You have always seemed to be far more knowledgible about the Middle East th=
an any other source.
Bob Boekenkamp


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Don't know the code. Happen when I came off the beltway 95n geeting on the off ramp exit 53 caton ave balto. Md. On the ramp I reduced speed to about 25-30mph but the car wouldn't shift pas 3rd gear. Plus it was a hot day and I was driveing for 2 hours
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2001 Acura TL Question: enegine light came on car wouldnt shift pass 3rd gear
twosweet, 3.2L V6, California, MD, April 02, 2011, 09:25
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Answer #1DaveJHM April 02, 2011, 18:47Master
You'll have to have a proper diagnostic test performed, to determine why the light came on, and how it impacts the transmission performance. The check engine light indicates that you will indeed have some clues in the processor's memory. Good luck.
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Indian Government now Indian law provides for a quota system whereby a percentage of posts are reserved in employment in Government and in the public sector units, and in all public and private educational institutions, except in the religious/ linguistic minority educational institutions, in order to mitigate backwardness of the socially and educationally backward communities and the Scheduled Castes and Tribes who do not have adequate representation in these services and institutions. The reservation policy is also extended to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes for representation in the Parliament of India. The central government of India reserves 27% of higher education,[1] and individual states may legislate further reservations. Reservation cannot be exceeded 50%, as per the rulings given by the supreme court,[2] but certain Indian states like Rajasthan have proposed a 68 % reservation which includes a 14% reservation for forward castes.[3]
Reservations are intended to increase the social diversity in campuses and workplaces by lowering the entry criteria for certain identifiable groups that are grossly under-represented in proportion to their numbers in the general population. Caste is the most used criteria to identify under-represented groups. However there are other identifiable criteria for under-representation—gender (women are under represented), state of domicile (North Eastern States, as Bihar and Uttar Pradesh are under-represented), rural people, etc. -- as revealed by the Government of India sponsored National Family Health and National Sample surveys.
The underlying theory is that the under-representation of the identifiable groups is a legacy of the Indian caste system. After India gained independence, the Constitution of India listed some erstwhile groups as Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). The framers of the Constitution believed that, due to the caste system, SCs and the STs were historically oppressed and denied respect and equal opportunity in Indian society and were thus under-represented in nation-building activities. The Constitution laid down 15% and 7.5% of vacancies to government aided educational institutes and for jobs in the government/public sector, as reserved quota for the SC and ST candidates respectively for a period of five years, after which the situation was to be reviewed. This period was routinely extended by the succeeding governments.
Later, reservations were introduced for other sections as well. The Supreme Court ruling that reservations cannot exceed 50% (which it judged would violate equal access guaranteed by the Constitution) has put a cap on reservations. However, there are state laws that exceed this 50% limit and these are under litigation in the Supreme Court. For example, the caste-based reservation fraction stands at 69% and is applicable to about 87% of the population in the state of Tamil Nadu (see section on Tamil Nadu below).
Reservations in favour of Backward Classes (BCs) were introduced long before Independence in a large area, comprising the Presidency areas and the Princely States south of the Vindhyas. Chatrapati Sahuji Maharaj, Maharaja of Kolhapur in Maharashtra introduced reservation in favour of backward classes as early as 1902 to eradicate poverty from amongst them and to give them their due share in the State administration. The notification of 1902 created 50% reservation in services for backward classes/communities in the State of Kolhapur. This notification is the first Government Order providing for reservation for the welfare of depressed classes in India.
The concept of untouchability was not practiced uniformly throughout the country, the identification of oppressed classes is not an easy task. What is more, the practice of segregation and untouchability prevailed more in the southern parts of India and was more diffused in Northern India. An additional complexity is that there are certain castes/ communities, which are considered as untouchables in one province but not in other provinces. Some castes, based on traditional occupations, find place in both Hindu and non-Hindu communities. Listing of castes has had a long history, starting from the earliest period of our history with Manu. Medieval chronicles contain description of communities located in various parts of the country. During the British colonial period, listings were undertaken after 1806, on an extensive scale. The process gathered momentum in course of the censuses from 1881 to 1931.
The Backward Classes movement also first gathered momentum in South India particularly in Tamil Nadu. The continuous efforts of some of the social reformers of the country viz. Rettamalai srinivasa Paraiyar, Ayothidas Pandithar www.paraiyar.webs.com, Jyotiba Phule, Babasaheb Ambedkar, Chhatrapati Sahu ji Maharaj and others, completely demolished the wall created by the upper classes between them and the untouchables.
India is divided into many endogamous groups, or castes and sub-castes, as a result of centuries of practicing a form of social hierarchy called the caste system. Proponents of reservation policy says that the traditional caste system, as it is practised, leads to severe oppression and segregation of the lower castes and limited their access to various freedoms, including education. Caste, according to ancient scriptures such as "Manu Smriti", is "Varnasrama Dharma", which translates to "offices given according to class or occupation". "Varna" in Varnasrama (Varna + Ashrama) is not to be confused with the same word meaning 'colour'. The practice of caste in India followed this rule.
Indian Judiciary has pronounced some Judgments upholding reservations and some judgments for fine tuning its implementations. Lot of judgments regarding reservations have been modified subsequently by Indian parliament through constitutional amendments. Some judgments of Indian judiciary has been flouted by state and central Governments. Given below are the major judgments given by Indian courts and its implementation status[8][9]:
|Implementation Details
|Court has pronounced that caste based reservations as per Communal Award violates Article 15(1). (State of Madras Vs. Smt. Champakam Dorairanjan AIR 1951 SC 226)
|1st constitutional amendment (Art. 15 (4)) introduced to make judgement invalid.
|Court has put 50% cap on reservations in M R Balaji v Mysore AIR 1963 SC 649
|Almost all states except Tamil Nadu (69%, Under 9th schedule) and Rajasthan (68% quota including 14% for forward castes, post gujjar violence 2008) has not exceeded 50% limit. Tamil Nadu exceeded limit in 1980. Andhra Pradesh tried to exceed limit in 2005 which was again stalled by high court.
|Supreme court in Indira Sawhney & Ors v. Union of India. AIR 1993 SC 477 : 1992 Supp (3)SCC 217 upheld Implementation of separate reservation for other backward classes in central government jobs.
|Judgement implemented
|Ordered to exclude Creamy layer of other backward classes from enjoying reservation facilities.
|All states except Tamil Nadu implemented. Recent Reservation bill for providing reservations to other backward classes in educational institutions also has not excluded Creamy layer in some states. (Still under the consideration of Standing committee).
|Ordered to restrict reservations within 50% limit.
|All states except Tamil Nadu followed.
|Declared separate reservations for economically poor among forward castes as invalid.
|Judgement implemented
|In General Manager, S. Rly. v. Rangachari AIR 1962 SC 36, State of Punjab v. Hiralal 1970(3) SCC 567, Akhil Bharatiya Soshit Karamchari Sangh (Railway) v. Union of India (1981) 1 SCC 246 it was held that Reservation of appointments or posts under Article 16(4) included promotions. This was overruled in Indira Sawhney & Ors v. Union of India. AIR 1993 SC 477 : 1992 Supp (3) SCC 217 and held that Reservations cannot be applied in promotions. Union of India Vs Varpal Singh AIR 1996 SC 448, Ajitsingh Januja & Ors Vs State of Punjab AIR 1996 SC 1189, Ajitsingh Januja & Ors Vs State of Punjab & Ors AIR 1999 SC 3471, M.G. Badappanavar Vs State of Karnataka 2001 (2) SCC 666.
|Ashok Kumar Gupta: Vidyasagar Gupta Vs State of Uttar Pradesh. 1997 (5) SCC 201 77th Constitution amendment (Art 16(4 A) & (16 4B) introduced to make judgement as invalid. M. Nagraj & Ors v. Union of India and Ors. AIR 2007 SC 71 held the amendments constitutional. 1. Art. 16(4)(A) and 16(4)(B) flow from Art. 16(4). Those constitutional amendments do not alter structure of Art. 16(4). 2. Backwardness and inadequacy of representation are the controlling/compelling reasons for the state to provide reservations keeping in mind the overall efficiencies of state administration. 3. Government has to apply cadre strength as a unit in the operation of the roaster in order to ascertain whether a given class/group is adequately represented in the service. Roaster has to be post specific with inbuilt concept of replacement and not vacancy based. 4. If any authority thinks that for ensuring adequate representation of backward class or category, it is necessary to provide for direct recruitment therein, it shall be open to do so. 5. Backlog vacancies to be treated as a distinct group and are excluded from the ceiling limit of 50%. 6. If a member from reserved category gets selected in general category, his selection will not be counted against the quota limit provided to his class and reserved category candidates are entitled to compete for the general category post. 7. The reserved candidates are entitled to compete with the general candidates for promotion to the general post in their own right. On their selection, they are to be adjusted in the general post as per the roster and the reserved candidates should be adjusted in the points earmarked in the roster to the reserved candidates. 8. Each post gets marked for the particular category of candidate to be appointed against it and any subsequent vacancy has to be filled by that category alone (replacement theory). R K Sabharwal Vs St of Punjab AIR 1995 SC 1371 : (1995) 2 SCC 745. The operation of a roster, for filling the cadre-strength, by itself ensures that the reservation remains within the 50% limit.
|In Union of India Vs Varpal Singh AIR 1996 SC 448 and Ajitsingh Januja & Ors Vs State of Punjab AIR 1996 SC 1189 it was held that a roster point promotees getting the benefit of accelerated promotion would not get consequential seniority and the seniority between the reserved category candidates and general candidates in promoted category shall be governed by their panel position. This was overruled in Jagdish Lal and others v. State of Haryana and Others (1997) 6 SCC 538 it held that the date of continuous officiation has to be taken into account and if so, the roster- point promotees were entitled to the benefit of continuous officiation. Ajitsingh Januja & Ors Vs State of Punjab & Ors AIR 1999 SC 3471 overruled Jagdish Lal M G Badappanvar Vs St of Karnataka 2001(2) SCC 666 : AIR 2001 SC 260 held that roster promotions were meant only for the limited purpose of due representation of backward classes at various levels of service and therefore, such roster promotions did not confer consequential seniority to the roster point promotee.
|By 85th Constitution amended Consequential Seniority was inserted in Art 16 (4)(A) to make the judgement invalid. M. Nagraj & Ors v. Union of India and Ors. AIR 2007 SC 71 held the amendments constitutional. Jagdish Lal and others v. State of Haryana and Others (1997) 6 SCC 538 it held that the date of continuous officiation has to be taken into account and if so, the roster- point promotees were entitled to the benefit of continuous officiation.
|S. Vinodkumar Vs. Union of India 1996 6 SCC 580 held that relaxation of qualifying marks and standard of evaluation in matters of reservation in promotion was not permissible
|By the Constitution (82nd) Amendment Act a proviso was inserted at the end of Art 335. M. Nagraj & Ors v. Union of India and Ors. AIR 2007 SC 71 held the amendments constitutional.
|Suraj Bhan Meena Vs. State of Rajasthan. Held that, in view of M. Nagraj & Ors v. Union of India and Ors. AIR 2007 SC 71, if the state wants to frame rules with regard to reservation in promotions and consequential seniority it has to satisfy itself with quantifiable data that is there is backwardness, inadequacy of representation in public employment and overall administrative inefficiency and unless such an exercise was undertaken by the state government the rules in promotions and consequential seniority cannot be introduced. Reservation in promotion is dependent on the inadequacy of representation of members of SC, ST and backward classes and subject to the condition of ascertaining whether such reservation was at all required. As no exercise was undertaken to acquire quantifiable data regarding in adequacy of representation. The Rajasthan High Court rightly quashed the notifications providing for consequential seniority and promotion to the members of SC and ST communities and the same does not call for any interference. S. Balakrishnan Vs. S. Chandrasekar (28/2/2005) The Government of Tamil Nadu Vs. Registration Department SC/ST (9/12/2005) The Madras High Court has held that reservation in promotion is available only to SC and ST and not to backward class (OBC) and most backward class (MBC) Sudam Shankar Baviskar Vs. Edu. Off. (Sec), Z.P. Jalgaon 2007 (2) MhLJ 802. Held that consequential seniority is not available to VJNT.
|UOI v/s. S. Kalugasalamoorthy Held that when a person is selected on the basis of his own seniority, the scope of considering and counting him against reserved quota does not arise.
|Supreme court advised Tamil Nadu to follow 50% limit
|Tamil Nadu Reservations put under 9th Schedule of the constitution. I.R. Coelho (Dead) by LRS. Vs. State of T.N. 2007 (2) SCC 1 : 2007 AIR(SC) 861 Held, Ninth Schedule law has already been upheld by the court, it would not be open to challenge such law again on the principles declared by this judgment. However, if a law held to be violative of any rights in Part III is subsequently incorporated in the Ninth Schedule after 24 April 1973, such a violation/infraction shall be open to challenge on the ground that it destroys or damages the basic structure as indicated in Article 21 read with Article 14, Article 19 and the principles underlying thereunder. Action taken and the transctions finalized as a result of the impugned Acts shall not be open to challenge.
|In Unni Krishnan, J.P. & Ors. Vs. State of Andhra Pradesh & Ors. (1993 (1) SCC 645), it was held that right to establish educational institutions can neither be a trade or business nor can it be a profession within the meaning of Article 19(1)(g). This was overruled in T.M.A. Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka (2002) 8 SCC 481, P.A.Inamdar v. State of Maharashtra 2005 AIR(SC) 3226 Supreme court ruled that reservations cannot be enforced on Private Unaided educational institutions.
|93rd constitutional amendment introduced Art 15(5). Ashoka Kumar Thakur vs. Union of India[10] 1. The Constitution (Ninety-Third Amendment) Act, 2005 does not violate the "basic structure" of the Constitution so far as it relates to the state maintained institutions and aided educational institutions. Question whether the Constitution (Ninety-Third Amendment) Act, 2005 would be constitutionally valid or not so far as "private unaided" educational institutions are concerned, is left open to be decided in an appropriate case. 2."Creamy layer" principle is one of the parameters to identify backward classes. Therefore, principally, the "Creamy layer" principle cannot be applied to STs and SCs, as SCs and STs are separate classes by themselves. 3. Preferably there should be a review after ten years to take note of the change of circumstances. 4. A mere graduation (not technical graduation) or professional deemed to be educationally forward. 5. Principle of exclusion of Creamy layer applicable to OBC's. 6. The Central Government shall examine as to the desirability of fixing a cut off marks in respect of the candidates belonging to the Other Backward Classes (OBCs) to balance reservation with other societal interests and to maintain standards of excellence. This would ensure quality and merit would not suffer. If any seats remain vacant after adopting such norms they shall be filled up by candidates from general categories. 7. So far as determination of backward classes is concerned, a Notification should be issued by the Union of India. This can be done only after exclusion of the creamy layer for which necessary data must be obtained by the Central Government from the State Governments and Union Territories. Such Notification is open to challenge on the ground of wrongful exclusion or inclusion. Norms must be fixed keeping in view the peculiar features in different States and Union Territories. There has to be proper identification of Other Backward Classes (OBCs.). For identifying backward classes, the Commission set up pursuant to the directions of this Court in Indra Sawhney 1 has to work more effectively and not merely decide applications for inclusion or exclusion of castes. 8. The Parliament should fix a deadline by which time free and compulsory education will have reached every child. This must be done within six months, as the right to free and compulsory education is perhaps the most important of all the fundamental rights (Art.21 A). For without education, it becomes extremely difficult to exercise other fundamental rights. 9. If material is shown to the Central Government that the Institution deserves to be included in the Schedule (institutes which are excluded from reservations) of The Central Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006 (No. 5 of 2007), the Central Government must take an appropriate decision on the basis of materials placed and on examining the concerned issues as to whether Institution deserves to be included in the Schedule of the said act as provided in Sec 4 of the said act. 10. Held that the determination of SEBCs is done not solely based on caste and hence, the identification of SEBCs is not violative of Article 15(1) of the Constitution.
Relevant Cases
Seats in educational institutions and jobs are reserved based on a variety of criteria. The quota system sets aside a proportion of all possible positions for members of a specific group. Those not belonging to the designated communities can compete only for the remaining positions, while members of the designated communities can compete for all positions (reserved and open). For example, when 2 out of 10 clerical positions in railways are reserved for ex-servicemen, those who have served in the Army can compete both in the General Category as well as in the specific quota.


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Posted in portal - Institutions
Status as Associated Institution is given to academic or cultural non-profit institutions who have the same general objectives as APUNE.
Organizations that become Associated Institutions can participate in all APUNE activities, receive all member information, and consult with the coordinator. They do not have voting capability and can not form part of any committee, however, they will be more prepared to receive American students.
The status of the associated institution will be reviewed yearly and the organization must pay the minimum fee of a full-rights member.
List of Associated Institutions
- Alcalingua, Universidad de Alcalá- Alcalingua is the centre of Alcalá University dedicated to teaching Spanish to foreign students. Its activities include different educational aspects: teaching Spanish language and culture, teachers training, Spanish for specific purposes, special programs for companies, Spanish for immigrants…. The University of Alcalá, one of the oldest in Europe, was founded by Cardinal Cisneros in 1499. Today the University of Alcalá, located 30 kilometers from Madrid, has 26,000 students and three different campus. A wide range of 42 official degrees, 35 doctoral programs and 40 Masters are taught in the University, including subjects like Humanities, Computer Science, Law, Medicine or Environmental Sciences. In 1998 the university was recognized as World Heritage by UNESCO. For further information: www.alcalingua.com.
- College for International Studies- Since 1981, CIS (The College for International Studies) has been recognized internationally for the solid educational foundation it provides to its students during some of the most formative years of their lives, as well as for greatly contributing to their success after their time at the school. Many CIS alumni have reached important positions in their own careers and are now working in a great variety of national, and multinational environments.
- Centro de Lenguas Modernas de la Universidad de Granada - El Centro de Lenguas Modernas de la Universidad de Granada (CLM) es una institución dependiente de dicha Universidad dedicado a enseñar multitud de idiomas modernos, tanto extranjeros como de lengua y cultura españolas. Está situado en el barrio del Realejo, en el recientemente restaurado Palacio de Santa Cruz, del siglo XVI. Actualmente los cursos de lenguas extranjeras impartidos son inglés, francés, italiano, alemán, árabe, chino mandarín, griego moderno, japonés, neerlandés, portugués, ruso y sueco. Un importante atractivo para los estudiantes de la Universidad de Granada es que los cursos superados en el centro pueden ser convalidados como créditos de libre elección, que computan como parte de los requisitos para la obtención de un título universitario.
- IE Business School- IE Business School was founded by entrepreneurs in 1973, the entrepreneurial vein runs deep at IE, where business creation is seen as an engine for growth, value generation, employment and social well-being. IE Business School is recognized as one of the best business schools in the world and our MBA program was ranked 6th worldwide by the Financial Times in 2010.The School has an urban campus in Madrid and a faculty of more than 600 professors, who teach students from 88 countries on its master, PhD and executive education programs. IE students use innovative online and presential learning formats, including the IE Communities platform where they exchange knowledge and experiences with 40,000 IE graduates that currently hold management positions in over 100 countries.
- Meddeas, Auxiliares de Conversación- Multilingual Education Development and Support (Meddeas) is a company specializing in giving support services to multilingualism -and bilingualism- in educational centres, providing consultance, selecting native teachers and offering language assistant programs.
Morocco Exchange- Morocco Exchange is a non-profit organization that has been developed in response to the current world political situation. Morocco Exchange offers college and high school students the opportunity for both intensive personal growth and a monumental physical journey of discovery in Morocco.
- Schiller International University- Founded in 1964 by Dr. Walter Leibrecht, Schiller International University was created as a private American University dedicated to the active development and encouragement of international understanding. Founded in 1964 by Dr. Walter Leibrecht, Schiller International University was created as a private American University dedicated to the active development and encouragement of international understanding. This exciting global growth trend has continued, and to date, Schiller International University has educated more than 20,000 students from more than 100 countries across its campuses in the United States, France, Germany, Spain and the UK.
- School Year Abroad- School Year Abroad is the only secondary-level program which allows students to live with a European or Asian family for an entire academic year while earning U.S. graduation credits and preparing for selective U.S. colleges and universities. Founded in 1964 by Phillips Academy in Andover, Mass., SYA is supported by a consortium of 40 top independent schools across the country. Each year each one of our schools in China, France, Italy, Spain, Vietnam and Japan enrolls approximately 60 students to complete their junior or senior year of high school.
- Spain Education Programs C. XXI- Spain Education Programs CXXI (SEP) is a non-profit organization created in 2008 by a group of study abroad professionals, based in Madrid, seeking to provide quality affordable opportunities for U.S. students to study at Spanish public and private universities and for Spanish students to attend U.S. universities. SEP works with a group of prestigious Spanish higher education institutions
providing human and financial resources to explore, establish, and promote student and faculty exchanges with academic departments of U.S. Universities.
- Spanish Institute for Global Education- SIGE (Spanish Institute for Global Education) is a center for Hispanic/Global Studies that offers Study Abroad programs to students and courses for professors, writers, and professionals in Seville. We offer a rigorous intercultural education that trains our students to become global citizens. Our international students study at the University of Seville and the University of Pablo de Olavide. In addition they have internship and volunteering opportunities. Our courses for professors receive teachers from all over the world, connecting professionals who work principally in the fields of Spanish language and Hispanic culture.
- St. Louis University in Madrid-Saint Louis University, one of the leading Jesuit institutions in the U.S., is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges. In Spain, the Madrid Campus, founded in 1967, is officially recognized as an institution of higher learning by the province's Consejería de Educación y Cultura. The Madrid Campus offers the same rigorous curriculum as the St. Louis campus: nearly 200 courses each semester, taught in English and Spanish, in a wide range of disciplines including science, health science, engineering, aviation, social sciences, humanities, and business. All levels of Spanish are offered, from introductory language classes to graduate-level literature courses. Student from any accredited university with a 2.5 or higher GPA (or equivalent) are welcome to apply.
- Suffolk University in Madrid- Suffolk University Madrid is the University's European campus. Our main United States campus is in Boston, Massachusetts, one of America's great centers of learning since its earliest days. Located in the university area of the city, Suffolk Madrid campus is easily accessible to the city center. A short bus or subway ride will take you wherever you want to go. We are a five minute walk from the nearest Metro station. Our nearest neighbor is the Universidad CEU San Pablo, an acclaimed private Spanish institution. By special academic agreement, the two universities offer a broad range of courses and extracurricular activities in which students can participate.
- Universidad Antonio de Nebrija- For more than 15 years, Nebrija University has received students from all over the world who come to spend a period of their academic training with us. Every effort is made to integrate international students into daily university life. In the majority of programmes, they attend classes side-by-side with Spanish students. Students can take courses in their area of specialisation, design their own curriculum (taking courses of their choice), or take only courses in Spanish Language and Culture to enhance their level of Spanish. International students are students in their own right at Nebrija. They have access to all activities and general services (libraries, computer labs, sports facilities, etc.) and all extra-curricular activities as well.
- Universidad Carlos III de Madrid- Carlos III was created in 1989 and at present has more than 18,000 students enrolled. It has three campuses and three Faculties (Jurisprudence, Humanities and Engineering) as well as the Advanced Studies Center that offers Masters and Doctorate programs, and a Scientific Compound situated in Leganes. It offers a wide variety of bilingual programs with a strong internationalization emphasis, with more than 20% of the students participating in some type of mobility program and agreements with universities from the five continents. In the year 2009 it was granted the International Excellence Campus recognition.
- Universidad de Cantabria- The University of Cantabria is a young modern public institution whose main purpose is to contribute to social progress through a firm commitment to teaching and scientific excellence. In order to achieve its goals, it strives to constantly improve the quality of its work through a process that revises and improves its teaching, research and administrative activities. The application of this process has made the UC outstanding among Spanish universities due to its quality and scientific productivity.
- Universidad Castilla-La Mancha- The formal establishment, by Law, of the University of Castilla-La Mancha dates from 1982, but its actual birth took place in October 1985. The University of Castilla-La Mancha is a regional institution that has four campuses: Albacete, Ciudad Real, Cuenca and Toledo, and extends its teaching to the communities of Almaden, Puertollano and Talavera de la Reina. The central government of the University is located in Ciudad Real, home of the Chancellor. At the same time, its vice chancellors on each campus are endowed with great autonomy. All campuses are connected by a fiber optic network capable of allowing up to thirty simultaneous videoconferences used for training and management and that, along with an internal information system for television, puts together everything that happens in the University.
- Universidad Europea de Madrid- The European University of Madrid began its journey in 1989 as a part of the Complutense University of Madrid. On July 17, 1995, by Act of Parliament, it was approved as a private university under the name of the European University of Madrid. Currently, the European University of Madrid belongs to Laureate International Universities, a world network of private universities. This network brings together 43 institutions of higher education in 20 countries, with more than 500,000 students in its 100 campuses.
- Universidad Francisco de Vitoria- The Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV) opened its doors in October of 1993, as a University Centre affiliated with the Universidad Complutense of Madrid. In 2001 it was fully accredited by the Spanish Ministry of Education as a private university. They combine the European tradition with a practical approach typical in America and the education is based upon an integrated and complete education. Volunteering and Social Action are fundamental to our educational vision.
- Universidad Loyola Andalucía- Loyola Andalucía University has its origin in ETEA, Faculty of Economics and Business of Córdoba, with experience in higher education since 1963. The Jesuit educational tradition was born with the beginnings of the Society of Jesus in 1540. Its founder, Ignatius of Loyola, served society through education, dialogue and convergence of faith and science. The Company was the first religious order to found a college, the Roman College in 1551. Today there are 231 universities in over 70 countries with more than 18,000 Jesuits over 160,000 members and secular people of all denominations.
- Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canarias- The ULPGC offers a wide range of degrees in all the major fields of knowledge. ULPGC students receive support for on-site classes through the e-training platform and may also take specific harmonization courses for the most difficult subjects in the first year of the degree course. There are more than 1,500 lecturers at the ULPGC carrying out important research work under the auspices of the University's 161 research groups, some of which are leaders in their field at an international level. There are also research centres and University Research Institutes. The ULPGC currently leads 286 research projects.
- Universidad de León- The Universidad de León is a young university but is heir to a rich tradition of accredited academic prestige. Our commitment is to attain excellence in teaching, research and innovation and to contribute to society by educating dynamic graduates who are ready to enter the labour market. Our focus is mainly on human development, paying special attention to the environment and educational values. We also aim to serve as an academic reference for administrations, businesses and the professional world.
- Universidad Miguel Hernández- The Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH) is a public university, open to the world, offering prestigious education, excellent research, and quality services facilitating the comprehensive development of its students and their insertion into the labor market. The UMH offers Bachelor's degrees and Official Master's adapted to the European Higher Education Area in the fields of arts, experimental and technical sciences, engineering, and health and social sciences on its four university campuses (Elche, Altea, Orihuela and Sant Joan d´Alacant). The UMH educational model has as central axis the education of its students, the acquisition of professional skills, doing business internships, national and international exchanges, and the development of attitudes like effort, initiative, self-learning and the capacity to undertake. The UMH is equipped with the most modern infrastructure and technological equipment, making possible the development of new methodologies applicable to all its degree programs. The UMH is particularly concerned about its students entering the labor market. Here the University has excelled, achieving excellent results thanks to the 6,000 businesses maintaining collaboration agreements with the University. Moreover, it has been confirmed to be an academic institution committed to quality, as it was recently renewed with the European Seal of Excellence Gold level for the third time. The UMH is the only Spanish university to obtain this on three occasions. The UMH has signed many national and international agreements to promote the mobility of its students and attract foreign students. In its bid for its internationalization, the UMH has set in motion a complete program of activities to facilitate foreign academic stays and to receive students who wish to complete their education in our classrooms. Quality research characterizes the UMH, as a study done by the University of Granada on the research productivity of Spanish public universities shows. Their study places the UMH in the eighth position for 2010, and highlighted is its second position when the number of publications in JCR journals is analyzed, its eighth position for R&D projects, and fourth position for patents. UMH research activities are highly related to its socioeconomic surroundings, but moreover many of its laboratories possess levels of excellence recognized on national and international levels.
- Universidad del Pais Vasco- The University of the Basque Country has been certified 'Campus of International Excellence' by the Spanish Ministry of Education. Alongside our fields of specialisation, projects carried out by our research groups result in largely positive numbers and statistics: we requested 171 patents in the last 5 years, have so far obtained an 11 million-euro income for transfer-originated activities and produced 1,586 articles in indexed journals in the last 12 months. The University of the Basque Country is at the helm of Research, Development and Innovation in a region which stands out as one of the most prosperous in Europe. Our Three campuses are located in the main cities of the Basque Country: Vitoria-Gasteiz (administrative capital of the autonomous community), Bilbao (the biggest city in the region) and San Sebastian.
- Universidad Politecnica de Valencia- The Polytechnic University of Valencia is a Spanish university with a focus on science and technology. It was founded in 1968 as the Higher Polytechnic School of Valencia and became a university in 1971, but some of its schools are more than 100 years old.
- Universidad de Zaragoza- The University of Zaragoza is the main centre of technological innovation in the Ebro Valley and has great prestige among the group of both Spanish and European universities it has relations with.
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela- With more than five centuries of tradition, the University of Santiago de Compostela is a historic institution that projects itself to the future and beyond its frontiers, always attentive to the different demands of society, where it stands as an important academic frame of reference and where it develops its academic, research work. Centuries of history give the University a special capacity to merge the experience, security and confidence with present and future challenges.
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona- The Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona was founded in 1968. The founders aimed to establish four principles of autonomy: freedom to select teaching staff, admission available to all students (but with a limited number), freedom to create its own study plans and freedom to administrate the University's capital. It is therefore a young university, but in its short history it has moved forward at a rapid pace.
- Universitat de Barcelona- The University of Barcelona is the most formidable public institution of higher education in Catalonia, catering to the needs of the greatest number of students and delivering the broadest and most comprehensive offering in higher educational courses. The UB is also the principal centre of university research in Spain and has become a European benchmark for research activity, both in terms of the number of research programs it conducts and the excellence these have achieved.
- Universitat de Girona- The University of Girona is a public institution devoted to excellence in teaching and research and to participating in theprogress and development of society through the creation, transmission, dissemination and criticism of knowledge related to the sciences, technology, the humanities, the social sciences and the arts. The University of Girona, deeply rooted in Catalonia and Catalan culture, is one of the primary economic and cultural motors of the region. At the same time, it pursues a vocation of universality and openness to all traditions and cultures. The University, located in the city of Girona, is a part of the Catalan public university system.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra- UPF is a young, public and modern university founded in 1990 and called to become one of the leading European universities. Awarded with a CEI label (International Excellence Campus) by the Spanish Ministry of Education, UPF's indicators have made it a benchmark for the Spanish and European university systems. In recent years, the University has begun to figure prominently in some prestigious international rankings.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili- The URV, located in Tarragona (Spain) was created in 1991 by the Parliament of Catalonia from the already existing university faculties and schools. In this way, the University of Tarragona back on the 16th century was restored. From the very first day its aim has been very clear: to place knowledge at the service of society so as to contribute to the social and economic development of its environment, which has gradually transformed over time. The URV trains more than 12,000 students every year and is one of the leading universities in Spain and in the European area for the quality of its teaching and excellence of its research, development and innovation. As a university that is open to the world, the URV aspires to increase its international visibility, promote the internationalization of its students, teaching and administrative staff, and attract international students. The Study Abroad program came into being as a tool to achieve all this.


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The '90s was a great decade to be Amanda Bynes.
From All That cast member ("Dear Ashley—thaaat's meee!") to the star of her own show, the super peppy pig-tailed Amanda was exactly the kind of hero we needed to keep us occupied between listening to Christina Aguilera and making spin art. The Amanda Show came at that ideal age when we just realized that adults were lame, but still needed to ask them permission to go on Amandaplease.com. In honor of Throwback Thursday, here's some pre-teen Amanda at her finest.
1. Judge Trudy: "When you have a beef, don't take the law into your own lands. Take that beef to Judge Trudy."
2. The Girl's Room: "I like eggs…"
3. Blockblister: "No, no, no, no, you don't ask for Stuart Little, you ask for Stuart LIPPLE."
4. Penelope Taynt: "I'm Amanda's number one fan, please."
5. This.
….oh wait.
Amanda, please.


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Superior Vintage
We have two Superior Vintage rooms which are in the main hotel. They both offer a lounge area. One of these rooms has a superb separate bedroom which has a luxurious Louis XV super king-size bed. The second is a large open plan room and has a four poster bed with a difference! The four poster bed is quite a feature in the room as it is so high there are steps to climb up in to it!
Not only that but it's a 19th century French Caribbean piece, so if you like antique furniture then you'll love this room. The superior vintage rooms are perfect for families as there is room for a cot or z-bed and the sofas pull out into a sofa bed.
Vintage Superior rooms start at £159 bed and breakfast


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Fashion Walking Tours
From to
Discover London's shopping gems on a fashion-inspired tour of the capital.
A Blue Badge Guide will show you the West End and East End, stopping at vintage and designer boutiques along the way.
On a Royal Warrant Tour, you can shop at the same places as The Queen by visiting London's Royal Warrant holders.
Gen up on the history of menswear on The Men Who Made Menswear tour, where you will hear the stories of the men who inspired, commissioned and made men's clothing over the last 200 years.
Blue Badge Tourist Guides ensure excellence and professionalism at all times for walking, private driver guided, cycling or panoromic coach tours of London's top shopping sights. Members offer tours in nearly 40 languages.
Travelling with a Blue Badge Guide is the ultimate sightseeing and tourist experience.


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McIntyre's Books Author Events
2 p.m. | McIntyre's Books
P.J. Smythe s roommate Yolanda claims that two former roommates both addicted to antique jewelry might have died under suspicious circumstances…
Then Yolanda disappears. Or was she kidnapped? The guy last seen with her looks like the thug who s just trashed their apartment and whose handiwork now decorates the side of P.J. s face.
In searching for clues to Yolanda s fate P.J. unearths a file written in some kind of code that eventually reveals a jewelry-fencing operation involving several former and current employees of Chatham Confidential Investigations where P.J. works. Before she can connect the dots linking the stolen jewelry to one or more Chatham insiders she-s forced to go for a midnight swim losing her car her clothes and almost her life.
Caroline Taylor lives in North Carolina. Jewelry from A Grave is the second in the mystery series featuring P.J. Smythe, wannabe private eye from Annapolis, MD. What Are Friends For? introduces P.J., who began life as a real detective in two short stories.
Why get away when everyone else does? Enjoy the Inn's award-winning service and cuisine and stunning gardens, Mon-Thurs. Includes overnight stay, afternoon tea and full breakfast, and a $50 credit per person for dinner at The Fearrington Granary. Starts at $375.


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All features are priceless and car is safe.!
Alarm is loud, key fob is amazing.
no complaints except have a worthy installer install it..
Expert Service 1-877-289-7664 [Hours]
Expert Service 1-877-289-7664 [Hours]
Get FAST answers from customers ASK a Question See questions answers
Make Sure You Have Everything You Need!
Nearly all cars require an immobilizer bypass to add a remote start system. Click here to add one to your order!
Introducing the first generation of Viper's new Responder HD. This award winning vehicle security system features some of the newest and most advanced technology available on the market today. The 1st generation color OLED remote is a two-way paging commander with an integrated antenna, 4 selection buttons, menu wheel, and a mini-USB charging port. Included is a secondary remote that is Viper's slim transmitters. The sidekick remote is a 1-way paging transmitter with 5 buttons for full control of the vehicle. The system and remote support dual cars. This means that the main transmitter is able to control multiple vehicles from the same remote. Also featured in this 2-Way HD system is remote start, advanced range up to one mile, and a soft-chirp siren. Make the most out of your next vehicle with the Viper 5902 2-way HD security system.
Remote Start
Allows a vehicles engine to active without physical contact from the user. This feature is useful for warming up your vehicles engine and transmission to operational temperatures. In cold climates you can have your interior hot or in warm climates you can cool it down before use. All of this can be done while in the comfort of your home or office.
Rechargeable Remote
Going through batteries can end up being a costly endeavor. A rechargeable remote allows for more powerful transmitters and additional functions such as touch screen remotes and full color displays. These transmitters will remain at a consistent voltage during the discharge cycle to keep all functions working. With hundreds of recharges available, you save money on replacement batteries.
One Mile Range
Operate functions of your alarm or remote start system and receive notifications from up to a mile away. Utilize necessary vehicle functions from great distances for convenience and versatility. Forget to lock your car? Lock it from in your office, at the mall or in class. Know if your vehicle is being tampered with wherever you are.
LCD Remote
Receive visual confirmations from your vehicles security system or remote start system. Features such as remote start, lock/unlock, arm/disarm and trunk release will appear on the remotes screen with its current status. An LCD remote can display warning icons when the doors, trunk or hood are open. If your vehicle is tampered with, some remotes display what part of the vehicle was affected.
Keyless Entry
Performs lock and unlock tasks without physical contact with the vehicle. Power door locks can be controlled from several feet away or even within a building using a remote fob. The fob emits a radio frequency that is digitally encoded to prevent frequency stealing so no one can enter into your vehicle without your wireless transmitter.
Dual Zone Shock Sensor
This shock sensor utilizes warning chirps for minor disturbances and will trip the alarm if it detects more serious impacts or disruptions. Most dual zone shock sensors have adjustable sensitivity to reduce false alarms or warnings. These sensors let would-be thieves know that your vehicle is equipped with an advanced alarm system and to keep away.
Dedicated Trunk Release
This unit comes with trunk release capability and remote control integration for OEM alarm or add-on trunk release systems. Pop your trunk using your remote transmitter for convenience and ease of use. Carrying a handful of groceries? Arms tied up with luggage? Pop the trunk without using your key so its open and waiting for you when you arrive.
Color LCD Remote
View commands and confirmations in full color on your remote transmitter. Color LCD remotescan display more information on the screen at one time keeping you up to date on all aspects of your vehicle.Intuitive color interfaces make remote commands and feedback easy to understand while maintaining the elegance and style of color.
2-Way Paging
Send commands to your remote start or alarm system and receive confirmation that those commands were carried out. Obtain updates on your vehicles security status and get driver pages on the remote. If your vehicle is being tampered with, your remote transmitter will warn you and set off the vehicles alarm.
Replacement / Additional Remote Options:
(newest, current model)
(previous model, replaced by Viper Responder HD 5904V)
(previous model, replaced by Viper 5902 Responder HD (P/N 5902V))
Security: This means that the car alarm system is just that. No bells and whistles, just a car alarm system.
Remote Start: when installed, this allows the user to start a vehicle from a remote location. Remote start modules and security with remote start alarms often require an additional vehicle specific bypass module to complete installation.
Security with Remote Start: This means that the system incorporates both features listed above.
A dual zone shock sensor is a feature of proximity and shock sensors only. Zone 1 ( light impact on shock sensor and short motions(adjustable) on proximity sensor) will trigger warn away chirp to warn intruder that car has an alarm without setting off the full alarm. Zone 2 (heavy impact on shock sensor and extended motions(adjustable) on proximity sensor) will trigger the alarm to go off.
wichita, KS
October 14, 2013
All features are priceless and car is safe.!
Alarm is loud, key fob is amazing.
no complaints except have a worthy installer install it..
0 of 0 found this helpful
salt lake city
June 11, 2013
0 of 0 found this helpful
Grand prairie. Tx
December 14, 2011
Like the alarm, just can't lock the buttons while it's in my pocket.
0 of 0 found this helpful
November 30, 2011
Good alarm system full of options and features. I like the rechargeable battery on the remote. Not sure what to do when the battery no longer holds a charge, new remotes are almost half the cost of the alarm/rs system. Be sure to purchase a leather cover for the remote for protection when dropping your keys the remote is sure to break without one. Transmitter range is excellect. Dont like the built-in shock sensor should of been a seperate plug in like the old Viper systems. The alarm does have a plug for the seperate shock sensor, you just have to purchase one. I would recommend having it professionally installed if your wanting all the bells and whistles working correctly. Good/Great system overall. I would recommend this product 4.5 out 5 stars.
0 of 0 found this helpful
November 22, 2011
Works awesome, installed on 2010 F150
0 of 0 found this helpful
Los Angeles, CA
October 6, 2011
After some idiot broke my driver's side window while I was at work and I had no knowledge of the damage until it was time for me to go home, I relented and finally got an alarm system for my 2010 Ford Explorer. The salesperson suggestion Viper as being THE best, and after a bit of research and positive reviews, I went ahead and had it installed. The PROS: very durable, easy to use, bright and colorful screen, and remarkably precise. CONS: Having to toggle on multiple screens to access the menus or settings. Sometimes while trying to navigate, the screen you're searching for flashes for 3-5 seconds before going to a blank screen.
0 of 0 found this helpful
Arlington Heights, IL
September 27, 2011
Just bought viper 5902 car alarm and i love it this alarm is the best. Has dual shock sensor and 1 mile remote start also aux to open window, doors, garage, trunk. Love it buy it people.
0 of 0 found this helpful
st.louis, mo
August 18, 2011
It can be sensitive as much as you want. I made mine super sensitive u poke it it warns u 1st and has very awesome range on remote start and locking. Definitely recommend it to anyone.
0 of 0 found this helpful
decatur, AL
July 12, 2011
Highly recommended!
0 of 0 found this helpful
salt lake city , utah
March 23, 2011
This the best alarm system I ever spend money on it's worth every dime I love everything about it I just wish the shock sensor wasn't a dual shock sensor but still love it I added all the other futures to it such as prox, window, tilt, back up battrie and much more its great!!
0 of 0 found this helpful
Laurel, MD
March 21, 2011
The battery can last for a good amount of time (months), just have to get use to charging the alarm up. I really love the 1mile remote start, 1st alarm I ever owned and I'm glad I made this decision. Love the modern look, and the plethora of features it has. Couldn't ask for anything better
0 of 0 found this helpful
Houston, Tx
March 8, 2011
I Love the features of this alarm. I had a cheap one before but had to upgrade to something better. I have the motion sensor on it and its perfect.
I have a 05 yukon and shaved the hatch so i use the remote to open the back door and glass and it works really well!!!
The color screen isnt bad looking either!
0 of 0 found this helpful
Corpus Christi, TX
February 10, 2011
1st the Cons: - I have broken the key ring attachment twice on this remote. The first time the local installer gave me a replacement remote. The second time they told me to fly a kite. Each time this broke while pulling the keys out of my blue jeans pocket. I can hear the metal piece rattling inside of the remote. the replacement for this metal piece could not be more than a 10 cent manufacturing cost. My previous autopage alarm remote never had any type of remote durability problems. The outer shell of this 5902 HD display remote seems to be of eggshell quality compared to other remotes that I have dealt with. After a conversation on the telephone with Sonic Electronix I found that they do not carry any type of replacement parts for the 5902 remote. Just a replacement remote price of $159
Now for the Pros:
I love the remote start and the far distances covered by the remote. In addition for the extra $33 / year I have the smart start module installed which has a iPhone application which has the ability to start your car from techinically thousands of miles away. Plus I am sure there are many other alarm sensitivity issues plus other options that I have not even explored yet.
0 of 0 found this helpful
Woodbridge, VA
January 18, 2011
Pros: It has a lot of aux. inputs and options. The remote works well and looks very nice. It has multiple options for auto start and the security system works real well. Someone hit my car just a tiny bit and the alarm went off on the keypad which is great.
Cons: Don't get this installed at B*** B**. They do a basic install and it's not worth the money. Also the receiving signal isn't always received when over 200 ft away.
0 of 0 found this helpful
Richmond, VA
January 3, 2011
This alarm is loaded with features and works very well. People cant even walk by my car or it will chirp or go off, thats exactly what i was looking for! Its impossible for a theif to steal your stereo or other values if they cant touch your car. I highly recommend this alarm if you really value your car or the money you put into it.
And to the person that had problems with buttons being pressed when they put their keys in their pocket. You can lock the keys by holding the button on the side when the display goes off and an options screen comes up and theres an option that lets you lock your keys after a set amount of seconds.
0 of 0 found this helpful
November 23, 2010
Alarm works good. Remote looks good and works good. I bought this so I could protect my car better from thieves and so far it has worked magnificently! I would recommend this to anyone
0 of 0 found this helpful
st. louis, MO
November 23, 2010
The remotes suck because the buttons are ungaurded so you can't put your keys in your pocket or let your GF put them in her purse because it is so easy to accidently push the buttons and unlock or even start the vehicle. Does anyone have a source for a "skin" which would shroud the buttons a bit and require a bit more button push effort and alleviate this annoying problem??
0 of 0 found this helpful
November 11, 2010
If you're looking at buying a remote starter/alarm system, I would highly recommend this one. I have had cheaper brands that weren't close to the quality of this model, and I will only buy DEI again. The range is amazing. The features are amazing. I could not be more impressed with this product.
I cannot say enough good things about Sonic Electronix as well, and I highly recommend buying from them. I asked questions before buying and quickly got replies from knowledgeable staff.
I live in Canada, and I have ordered from other American companies before and had the surprise "broker fees" upon delivery, but not with Sonic- what they tell you you'll be paying is what you pay.
0 of 0 found this helpful
Kingstowne, VA
June 9, 2010
I installed this on my show car and would like to state that the range is quite impressive! I have actually tested the remote start feature and it worked from 7/10 of a mile away! For the life of me i can't comprehend why anyone would need such a range but awesome to know it works at that distance. I love the "miniature Blackberry type" remote with the color screens and animation. Also the totally expandable features of the unit itself are mind boggling I am definitely impressed and so are most judges at the car shows I attend! oh the Blue alarm status light is kinda bright though illuminates the interior of the car so you can see if i leave something in it by mistake. Other than that LOVE IT!
0 of 0 found this helpful
Chicago, IL
December 19, 2009
This alarm has it all and then more!! It has a sexy HD color screen with beautiful 3D animations and the remote covers a mile range. Highly recommended for anybody who is interested in protecting they're vehicle!! Sonic has the best deal!
0 of 0 found this helpful
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Warning: The image depicted shows the resistance change when wiring multiple subwoofer terminals. Please refer to your subwoofer's owner's manual for the proper wiring of its terminals. Sonic Electronix, Inc. is not responsible for damage caused to your audio system or vehicle due to improper installation. Please call tech support at 1-877-289-7664 if you require additional assistance.
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Casinos Close In Atlantic City
Tuesday, September 02, 2014 6:05 PM
Looking for customers to push in his cart, Abdul Wahab slowly walks up the boardwalk towards the closed Revel Casino. With two casinos recently closed, Revel and Showboat and The Trump Plaza set to close in a couple of weeks a look at Atlantic City and how it is doing. Tuesday September 2, 2014. Atlantic City, NJ, USA. (Aristide Economopoulos | The Star-Ledger)


text: 21 June 2013 Wolf Weekly Wrap-up Posted by: John Motsinger | 10 comments | Share: Can states be trusted to manage wolves? – Strongly worded opposition to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's gray wolf delisting proposal continues to pour in, including this column from veteran writer and activist George Wuerthner. He says that states have proven that they cannot be trusted with wolf management. He points to Idaho, Montana and Wyoming, where wolves have already been delisted and are now being aggressively hunted. "…there is reason to believe that the state wildlife agencies are not capable of managing wolves as a valued member of the national heritage. For instance, in the Rockies, once wolf management was turned over to the states, Montana, Wyoming and Idaho have all embarked on a rampage of persecution. Wolves are indiscriminately killed and trapped. State wildlife officials bemoan the fact that more wolves have not been killed. I am not worried that hunting and trapping will cause wolves to be extirpated again in these states. I do not think that is the issue for most wolf proponents. Rather, I feel, as many do, that persecution is not a valid justification for managing any wildlife species." Further, he argues that states have a responsibility to debunk myths perpetuated by anti-wolf extremists. "Nevertheless, the perception among hunters as well as ranchers in Montana and adjacent states is that wolves are destroying hunting opportunity and severely impacting the livestock industry. Because of this perception, the state wildlife agencies in all three states, instead of actively countering these flawed opinions with solid numbers and records, have instead chosen to ignore reality and adopted aggressive wolf reduction hunting and trapping policies." In the coming weeks and months, Defenders will be working hard to push back against this premature delisting proposal, using many of the same arguments that George outlines. We'll be urging our supporters to attend public hearings and voice their support for continued wolf recovery. And we will be prepared to challenge the proposal in court if necessary. You can take action now by officially submitting comments to USFWS. See detailed instructions here. Last year's workshop attendees in the Wood River Valley of central Idaho. Workshop at Wood River – Much of Defenders western staff, as well as many of our colleagues from the conservation community, are in central Idaho this week to learn more about how livestock and wildlife can coexist. We're hosting our annual workshop for the Wood River Wolf Project, gathering our partners to discuss the successes and challenges of using nonlethal deterrents and other proactive strategies to limit conflict between predators and their potential prey. Our project is entering its sixth season and has an incredibly successful track record, yet we continue to look for ways to expand the use of these tools and techniques to other areas. This year, representatives from California, Washington and Oregon are joining us to see how they can apply these methods in places where wolves have only begun to recover. Such exchanges are vital to the future of wolf conservation and will hopefully foster more collaboration between wolf advocates, wildlife managers and the ranching community. On the prowl in Montana — Tracking wolf packs is no small task, but the data from collared wolves provides wolf biologists and managers with vital information about the health and distribution of populations. A recent story from the Daily Inter Lake follows Ken Laudon, biologist with Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, who is responsible for trapping and collaring wolves in the northwest part of the state. He likens tracking Montana's wolf packs each year to putting together a puzzle, and his job is to find the missing pieces. Read on to learn more about what Ken is discovering. Wolf runs after motorcyclist – Wild wolves are curious creatures, but they typically have a healthy fear of humans. However, around national parks and other places that receive a lot of tourists, wolves and other wild animals can quickly become habituated. Case in point: a wolf was recently photographed chasing after a man on a motorcycle! (You have to see the pictures to believe it.) The incident took place near Banff, Canada, in Kootenay National Park, and apparently the man was more thrilled than threatened by the close encounter. But clearly having wild animals running up to people is not a good thing over the long run and usually ends with the animal being removed. Since the incident was reported, others have come forward with similar stories of wolf encounters in the same area. While no one has been harmed by the wolf, its days are surely numbered. This is a good reminder that we all must do our part to make sure that wild animals stay that way. Never approach or feed wild animals. Always observe from a safe distance. And report any strange animal behavior to the proper authorities. It's our responsibility to protect ourselves and the wildlife we care about! 10 Responses to "Wolf Weekly Wrap-up" L.M.Ashley June 21st, 2013 It would be a horrible mistake to delist wolves. Without protection the wolf haters will feel free to try to wipe them out; and because they are a pack animal and need their social structure, killing even one could disrupt that and have serious consequences. . Reply Greta Bryant June 21st, 2013 Grey Wolves are a BIG part of the ecosystem and need to remain under the protection of the Wildlife Service. If they are taken off the list, those who don't underatand the wolf, and fear them will then work to eradicate them. Reply Sheri-lea Nicholas June 21st, 2013 Hi guys! Great work you do here, wolves are beautiful creatures and deserve a right to life. Anyone who says they are pests and need destroying because they kill livestock, etc, needs to be banned from shops and supermarkets, have their money and homes taken away, and sent out to find there own food naturally as wild animals do. Its so easy to say such things, when their food comes in handy packages, but if it didnt, what would they eat? Also, I once read a beautiful book about wolves, that anyone who likes wolves would appsolutely love to read as it is a amazing insight into their way of life and love for their pack. It was also very sad, but worth a read. Its called TANITH, by Sherryl Jordan. Kindest regaurds and best wishes for the future in all that you do, Sheri-lea Nicholas. xxx Reply Rochelle Willis June 21st, 2013 We the people demand that our country's wildlife be protected from the ever increasing human population. While the earth's population heads towards the 10 billion mark, the animals of the planet are diminishing before our eyes. Reply amanda June 21st, 2013 Please do not let anyone harm these beautiful creatures. Reply Renee Wrede June 21st, 2013 De-listing wolves is a tragedy of epic proportions. These amazing, noble animals belong in America–they are Americans and have been before we ever got here. They actually make the elk and other prey animal herds stronger and save natural resources by limiting the destruction of too much of the plants and trees by killing the excess weak and older members of the herds. They prevent prey animals from starving to death in the winters. Wolves are tone of the apex predators and stabilizers of the balance in nature. Please do not allow indiscriminate killing of one of the most important animals in our land. I know that those who have the power to keep our wolves protected will do the right thing and keep these beautiful symbols of America protected. Reply Donnie Meek June 22nd, 2013 Please do NOT delist wolves from the endangered species list…. They need Federal protection………… Enough wolf killing has been done and in some of our states, a lot is done that isn't even accounted for by wolf killers…. Facebook is full of people who are catching wolves, trapping, etc. and torturing them and killing them…. They are laughing about it and showing off what and how they do things their way… This is sadistic, evil and cruel… Enough wolves have been killed already… The numbers of wolves don't even come close to the numbers of bears, coyotes and mountain lions….. The numbers are well below where they should be already… Please stop all the killing… Many relatives and friends don't even want to come to Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, etc for their vacation because of all of the killing… This is just the beginning…. Many will stop vacationing and the tourism will go down… This is all so sad… Wolves don't deserve to be killed and if they do have, which enough have already it should be in a humane way and quickly…. Not trapped, snarred, etc. and then tortured like I have read so many times…… What is wrong with people today that they enjoy killing so much??? It's like a bunch of animal SERIAL KILLERS out there. Please stop and help these magnificent animals and keep them protected and on the endangered species list… All the states care about is the money, from the wolf tags sold………….. PLEASE HELP THE WOLVES and other endangered animals…. They deserve to be on this earth just as much as we do… GOD created them for a purpose and with the instinct that they have… They deserve to kill an Elk to survive for food, man can go to a store and buy his meat…. If they bother a farmers cattle repeatedly, then let the farmer shoot the problem wolf… But dogs and other things have worked for many farmers and ranchers, people just don't want to try these other ways… Thank you for your time… Reply Donnie Meek June 22nd, 2013 Keep wolves on endangered special list… Do no delist them and had them over to the states…. Keep Federally protected… Enough killing has been done to last 20 years or more… A lot of anti-wolf people still keep killing and torturing them and the pups… I read horrible stories every day on facebook… MT,ID,WY,WA,NM,AK,MI,WI, etc. have all gone KILL happy.. I know people who don't want to vacation here anymore because of all the killing done here in Montana… We need our wolves, God put them here for a reason, they deserve to live…… Reply Kimberly Weiss June 22nd, 2013 States can't be trusted to manage their wolves but neither can the federal government. Clearly wolves are just a political pawn and will go extinct in our generation if the people don't take matters into their own hands to SAVE the wolf. Reply Drachona June 25th, 2013 The thing is, even if wolves were stable enough to delist, hunters would just take that as an excuse to hunt them more and they would be right back on the list. Even right now, there are people who think that wolves are not endangered but overpopulated, and they see this as a justification to hunt them. Imagine what would happen if they were no longer protected by larger organizations. Reply Post Your Comment Click here to cancel reply. Name (required) Mail (required) (will not be published) You May also be interested in Caribou and Climate Change: Santa's Reindeer Face an Uncertain Future The Arctic is warming faster than any other part of the world, and reindeer are feeling the impacts in all seasons. Wolf Weekly Wrap-Up Wolves on the Move in Oregon; Another Mexican Gray Wolf Found Dead in Arizona – Poaching Likely; We're Almost There! Combatting Anti-Wolf Propaganda in Washington; Public Comment Period Open on Rule Designating the Red Wolf as a State-Listed Threatened Species and Setting New Rules on Coyote Hunting in Red Wolf Reintroduction Area New record set for panthers killed on roads Last November, the death of a young Florida panther broke the all-time record set in 2012 of Florida panthers killed on roads.


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Comprising of level I and level II, the first level is ideal for the cafe operator and home barista . Level II is optional if you want acquire advanced skills, coffee tasting and latte art. Level III is desirable if wish to consider a career or work in partnership with us or simply just want to be recognised as an associate of the Highlander Coffee brand.
Visit http://www.highlandercoffee.com/baristaworkshop.html for more details
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DESCRIPTIONDo three wide push-ups. Perform them slowly (4 seconds down, four seconds up). Then do three at regular width, and then three narrow width.
Be sure to keep your body straight so you don't stick your butt up or let your hips sag down.
TOP WORKOUTSP90X Chest, Shoulders and Triceps, Quick Morning/Night Workout
TOP CHALLENGESPushups Galore, Secret Service Physical Test, I'm a Beast Challenge!, Cardio goal challenge, Perseverance - 2014 edition, Most Points 2014, Mr. (or Ms.) Strong!, Learn the one arm push-up, Push-ups race, perseverance


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Delta Faucet T2738 Lahara Trim Roman Tub Filler
Product Description
Trim only. Rough-in valve not included.
- Inspired by the beauty and bliss created by waves
- The elegant, one-piece curved handles and sleek spout of Lahara compliments any décor.
- Features a complete suite of coordinating products: Accessories, Faucets and showers
- Elegant metal lever handles for ease of operation
- Trim only
- Rough-In kit R2707 must be ordered to complete installation
- Lifetime Faucet and Finish Warranty
- ADA Compliant
Dimensions & Weights
|Spout Height:
|5.38 inches
|8.88 inches
|Liters per Minute (Max):
|Gallons per Minute (Max):
|Center to Center:
|8 inches
|9¼ inches
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thanks for all of your comments about yesterday's goat cheese spread & wishes for me to get better.
sadly, i woke up today feeling about a million times worse than i felt yesterday. i slept like crap because i couldn't breathe and then my throat would hurt because i had to breathe through my mouth and it wasn't fun.
i ended up moving to the couch with one of those seated pillows to try to sleep sitting up and it kind of helped but it was still really uncomfortable.
anyway, that just means that i'm still in my pajamas and am drinking as many fluids as i can get. i'm trying these emergen-c packets that liz sent me.
i also juiced up a couple apples, orange, lemon, and carrots for some extra nutrition this morning.
i made the juice into a smoothie by adding frozen banana, chia seeds, and this packet of amazing grass.
hopefully that helps!
brad is also bringing me some medicine on his lunch break so i don't have to venture out into the fresh snow.
so i'm catching up on my dvr'ed shows and snoozing today with my liquids and lots of kleenex within arm's reach!
even though i feel like crap today, i hope you're feeling great & have fun weekend plans!