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Shen Kuo or Shen Gua () (1031–1095), style name Cunzhong (存中) and pseudonym Mengqi (now usually given as Mengxi) Weng (夢溪翁),[1] was a polymathic Chinese scientist and statesman of the Song Dynasty (960–1279). Excelling in many fields of study and statecraft, he was a mathematician, astronomer, meteorologist, geologist, zoologist, botanist, pharmacologist, agronomist, archaeologist, ethnographer, cartographer, encyclopedist, general, diplomat, hydraulic engineer, inventor, academy chancellor, finance minister, governmental state inspector, poet, and musician. He was the head official for the Bureau of Astronomy in the Song court, as well as an Assistant Minister of Imperial Hospitality.[2] At court his political allegiance was to the Reformist faction known as the New Policies Group, headed by Chancellor Wang Anshi (1021–1086).
In his Dream Pool Essays (夢溪筆談; Mengxi Bitan) of 1088, Shen was the first to describe the magnetic needle compass, which would be used for navigation (first described in Europe by Alexander Neckam in 1187).[3][4] Shen discovered the concept of true north in terms of magnetic declination towards the north pole,[4] with experimentation of suspended magnetic needles and "the improved meridian determined by Shen's [astronomical] measurement of the distance between the polestar and true north".[5] This was the decisive step in human history to make compasses more useful for navigation, and may have been a concept unknown in Europe for another four hundred years (evidence of German sundials made circa 1450 show markings similar to Chinese geomancer compasses in regards to declination).[6][7]
Alongside his colleague Wei Pu, Shen planned to map the orbital paths of the Moon and the planets in an intensive five-year project involving daily observations, yet this was thwarted by political opponents at court.[8] To aid his work in astronomy, Shen Kuo made improved designs of the armillary sphere, gnomon, sighting tube, and invented a new type of inflow water clock. Shen Kuo devised a geological hypothesis for land formation (geomorphology), based upon findings of inland marine fossils, knowledge of soil erosion, and the deposition of silt.[9] He also proposed a hypothesis of gradual climate change, after observing ancient petrified bamboos that were preserved underground in a dry northern habitat that would not support bamboo growth in his time. He was the first literary figure in China to mention the use of the drydock to repair boats suspended out of water, and also wrote of the effectiveness of the relatively new invention of the canal pound lock. Although Ibn al-Haytham (965–1039) was the first to describe camera obscura, Shen was the first in China to do so, several decades later. Shen wrote extensively about movable type printing invented by Bi Sheng (990–1051), and because of his written works the legacy of Bi Sheng and the modern understanding of the earliest movable type has been handed down to later generations.[10] Following an old tradition in China, Shen created a raised-relief map while inspecting borderlands. His description of an ancient crossbow mechanism which he himself unearthed proved to be a Jacob's staff, a surveying tool which wasn't known in Europe until described by Levi ben Gerson in 1321.
Shen Kuo wrote several other books besides the Dream Pool Essays, yet much of the writing in his other books has not survived. Some of Shen's poetry was preserved in posthumous written works. Although much of his focus was on technical and scientific issues, he had an interest in divination and the supernatural, the latter including his vivid description of unidentified flying objects from eyewitness testimony. He also wrote commentary on ancient Daoist and Confucian texts.
Shen Kuo was born in Qiantang (modern-day Hangzhou) in the year 1031. His father Shen Zhou (沈周; 978–1052) was a somewhat lower-class gentry figure serving in official posts on the provincial level; his mother was from a family of equal status in Suzhou, with her maiden name being Xu (許).[11] Shen Kuo received his initial childhood education from his mother, which was a common practice in China during this period.[11]a[›] She was very educated herself, teaching Kuo and his brother Pi (披) the military doctrines of her own elder brother Xu Tang (許洞; 975–1016).[11] Since Shen was unable to boast of a prominent familial clan history like many of his elite peers born in the north, he was forced to rely on his wit and stern determination to achieve in his studies to enter the challenging and sophisticated life of an exam-drafted state bureaucrat.[11]
From about 1040, Shen's family moved around Sichuan province and finally to the international seaport at Xiamen, where Shen's father accepted minor provincial posts in each new location.[12] Shen Zhou also served several years in the prestigious capital judiciary, the equivalent of a federal supreme court.[11] Shen Kuo took notice of the various towns and rural features of China as his family traveled, while he became interested during his youth in the diverse topography of the land.[12] He also observed the intriguing aspects of his father's engagement in administrative governance and the managerial problems involved; these experiences had a deep impact on him as he later became a government official.[12] Since he often became ill as a child, Shen Kuo also developed a natural curiosity about medicine and pharmaceutics.[12]
Shen Zhou died in the late winter of 1051 (or early 1052), when his son Shen Kuo was 21 years old. Shen Kuo grieved for his father, and following Confucian ethics, remained inactive in a state of mourning for three years until 1054 (or early 1055).[13] As of 1054, Shen began serving in minor local governmental posts. However, his natural abilities to plan, organize, and design were proven early in life; one example is his design and supervision of the hydraulic drainage of an embankment system, which converted some one hundred thousand acres (400 km²) of swampland into prime farmland.[13] Shen Kuo noted that the success of the silt fertilization method relied upon the effective operation of sluice gates of irrigation canals.[14]
In 1063 Shen Kuo successfully passed the Imperial examinations, the difficult national-level standard test that every high official was required to pass in order to enter the governmental system.[13] He not only passed the exam however, but was placed into the higher category of the best and brightest students.[13] While serving at Yangzhou, Shen's brilliance and dutiful character caught the attention of Zhang Chu (張蒭; 1015–1080), the Fiscal Intendant of the region. Shen made a lasting impression upon Zhang, who recommended Shen for a court appointment in the financial administration of the central court.[13] Shen would also eventually marry Zhang's daughter, who became his second wife.
In his career as a scholar-official for the central government, Shen Kuo was also an ambassador to the Western Xia Dynasty and Liao Dynasty,[15] a military commander, a director of hydraulic works, and the leading chancellor of the Hanlin Academy.[16] By 1072, Shen was appointed as the head official of the Bureau of Astronomy.[13] With his leadership position in the bureau, Shen was responsible for projects in improving calendrical science,[10] and proposed many reforms to the Chinese calendar alongside the work of his colleague Wei Pu.[8] With his impressive skills and aptitude for matters of economy and finance, Shen was appointed as the Finance Commissioner at the central court.[17]
As written by Li Zhiyi, a man married to Hu Wenrou (granddaughter of Hu Su, a famous minister of the Song Dynasty), Shen Kuo was Li's mentor while Shen served as an official.[18] According to Li's epitaph for his wife, Shen would sometimes relay questions via Li to Hu when he needed clarification for his mathematical work, as Hu Wenrou was esteemed by Shen as a remarkable female mathematician.[18] Shen lamented: "if only she were a man, Wenrou would be my friend."[18]
While employed by the central government, Shen Kuo was also sent out with others to inspect the granary system of the empire, investigating problems of illegal collections, negligence, ineffective disaster relief, and inadequate water-conservancy projects.[19] While Shen was appointed as the regional inspector of Zhejiang in 1073, the Emperor requested that Shen pay a visit to the famous poet Su Shi (1037–1101), then an administrator in Hangzhou.[20] Shen took advantage of this meeting to copy some of Su's poetry, which he presented to the Emperor indicating that it expressed "abusive and hateful" speech against the Song court; these poems were later politicized by Li Ding and Shu Dan in order to level a court case against Su.[20] With his demonstrations of loyalty and ability, Shen Kuo was awarded the honorary title of a State Foundation Viscount by Emperor Shenzong of Song (r. 1067–1085), who placed a great amount of trust in Shen Kuo.[17] He was even made 'companion to the heir apparent' (太子中允; 'Taizi zhongyun').[1]
At court Shen was a political favorite of the Chancellor Wang Anshi (1021–1086), who was the leader of the political faction of Reformers, also known as the New Policies Group (新法, Xin Fa).[21]b[›] Shen Kuo had a previous history with Wang Anshi, since it was Wang who had composed the funerary epitaph for Shen's father, Zhou.[22] Shen Kuo soon impressed Wang Anshi with his skills and abilities as an administrator and government agent. In 1072, Shen was sent to supervise Wang's program of surveying the building of silt deposits in the Bian Canal outside the capital city. Using an original technique, Shen successfully dredged the canal and demonstrated the formidable value of the silt gathered as a fertilizer.[22] He gained further reputation at court once he was dispatched as an envoy to the Khitan Liao Dynasty in the summer of 1075.[22] The Khitans had made several aggressive negotiations of pushing their borders south, while manipulating several incompetent Chinese ambassadors who conceded to the Liao Kingdom's demands.[22] In a brilliant display of diplomacy, Shen Kuo came to the camp of the Khitan monarch at Mt. Yongan (near modern Pingquan, Hebei), armed with copies of previously archived diplomatic negotiations between the Song and Liao dynasties.[22] Shen Kuo refuted Emperor Daozong's bluffs point for point, while the Song reestablished their rightful border line.[22] In regards to the Lý Dynasty of Đại Việt (in modern northern Vietnam), Shen demonstrated in his Dream Pool Essays that he was familiar with the key players (on the Vietnamese side) in the prelude to the Sino-Vietnamese War of 1075–1077.[23] With his reputable achievements, Shen became a trusted member of Wang Anshi's elite circle of eighteen unofficial core political loyalists to the New Policies Group.[22]
Although much of Wang Anshi's reforms outlined in the New Policies centered around state finance, land tax reform, and the Imperial examinations, there were also military concerns. This included policies of raising militias to lessen the expense of upholding a million soldiers,[24] putting government monopolies on saltpetre and sulphur production and distribution in 1076 (to ensure that gunpowder solutions would not fall into the hands of enemies),[25][26] and aggressive military policy towards China's northern rivals of the Western Xia and Liao dynasties.[27] A few years after Song Dynasty military forces had made victorious territorial gains against the Tanguts of the Western Xia, in 1080 Shen Kuo was entrusted as a military officer in defense of Yanzhou (modern-day Yan'an, Shaanxi province).[28] During the autumn months of 1081, Shen was successful in defending Song Dynasty territory while capturing several fortified towns of the Western Xia.[17] The Emperor Shenzong of Song rewarded Shen with numerous titles for his merit in these battles, and in the sixteen months of Shen's military campaign, he received 273 letters from the Emperor.[17] However, Emperor Shenzong trusted an arrogant military officer who disobeyed the emperor and Shen's proposal for strategic fortifications, instead fortifying what Shen considered useless strategic locations. Furthermore, this officer expelled Shen from his commanding post at the main citadel, so as to deny him any glory in chance of victory.[17] The result of this was nearly catastrophic, as the forces of the arrogant officer were decimated;[17] Xinzhong Yao states that the death toll was 60,000.[1] Nonetheless, Shen was successful in defending his fortifications and the only possible Tangut invasion-route to Yanzhou.[17]
The new Chancellor Cai Que (蔡確; 1036–1093) held Shen responsible for the disaster and loss of life.[17] Along with abandoning the territory which Shen Kuo had fought for, Cai ousted Shen from his seat of office.[17] Shen's life was now forever changed, as he lost his once reputable career in state governance and the military.[17] Shen was then put under probation in a fixed residence for the next six years. However, as he was isolated from governance, he decided to pick up the quill and dedicate himself to intensive scholarly studies. After completing two geographical atlases for a state-sponsored program, Shen was rewarded by having his sentence of probation lifted, allowing him to live in a place of his choice.[17] Shen was also pardoned by the court for any previous faults or crimes that were claimed against him.[17]
In his more idle years removed from court affairs, Shen Kuo enjoyed pastimes of the Chinese gentry and literati that would indicate his intellectual level and cultural taste to others.[29] As described in his Dream Pool Essays, Shen Kuo enjoyed the company of the "nine guests" (jiuke), a figure of speech for the Chinese zither, the older 17x17 line variant of Weiqi (known today as Go), Zen Buddhist meditation, ink (calligraphy and painting), tea drinking, alchemy, chanting poetry, conversation, and drinking wine.[30] These nine activities were an extension to the older so-called Four Arts of the Chinese Scholar.
According to Zhu Yu's book Pingzhou Table Talks (萍洲可談; Pingzhou Ketan) of 1119, Shen Kuo had two marriages; the second wife was the daughter of Zhang Chu (張蒭), who came from Huainan. Lady Zhang was said to be overbearing and fierce, often abusive to Shen Kuo, even attempting at one time to pull off his beard. Shen Kuo's children were often upset over this, and prostrated themselves to Lady Zhang to quit this behavior. Despite this, Lady Zhang went as far as to drive out Shen Kuo's son from his first marriage, expelling him from the household. However, after Lady Zhang died, Shen Kuo fell into a deep depression and even attempted to jump into the Yangtze River to drown himself. Although this suicide attempt failed, he would die a year later.[31]
In the 1070s, Shen had purchased a lavish garden estate on the outskirts of modern-day Zhenjiang, Jiangsu province, a place of great beauty which he named "Dream Brook" ("Mengxi") after he visited it for the first time in 1086.[17] Shen Kuo permanently moved to the Dream Brook Estate in 1088, and in that same year he completed his life's written work of the Dream Pool Essays, naming the book after his garden-estate property. It was there that Shen Kuo spent the last several years of his life in leisure, isolation, and illness, until his death in 1095.[17]


text:
Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Lowell, Percival
From Wikisource
|←Lowdermilk, William Harrison
|Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
Lowell, Percival
|Ludington, Marshall Independence→
|Edition of 1900. See also Percival Lowell on Wikipedia, and our Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography disclaimer. Supplement.
LOWELL, Percival, b. in Boston, 13 March, 1855. He was educated at the Latin school, Boston, and Harvard university, and is known as a writer, traveller, and astronomical investigator. The following is a list of his works: "Chosön: The Land of the Morning Calm" (Boston, 1886); "The Soul of the Far East" (1888); "Noto: An Unexplored Corner of Japan" (1891); "The Eve of the French Revolution" (1892); and "Occult Japan, or the Way of the Gods" (1895).

subset: commoncrawl


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'3-D Thursdays' starting soon at the Bainbridge Island Historical Museum
The Bainbridge Island Historical Museum is encouraging islanders to rummage through their attics, open those dusty boxes in storage and drag out their family photo albums for "3-D Thursdays" at the museum in May.
Residents can celebrate Historic Preservation Month by bringing their Bainbridge Island artifacts and photos to the museum for its "3-D Thursdays" (donation/documentation/digitization) from 10 a.m. to 4 p .m. May 9, May 16 and May 23.
Curator Rick Chandler will be available to scan old photos, receive donations and confer on residents' historic treasures. This is also an opportunity for the public to explore the state-of-the-art storage area in the basement of the museum.
The museum is located at 215 Ericksen Ave. For more information, call 206-842-2773 or visit www.bainbridgehistory.org.
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Attention: As of today, August 26th Wood and charcoal fires are prohibited in all areas of Los Padres National Forest including designated Campfire Use sites. CLICK HERE for more information. We apologize for any inconvenience.
part ofLos Padres National Forest, US Forest Service
Status: Open year round. Season Dates
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Reservations must be made 7 Day(s) ahead of arrival and can be made up to 6 Month(s) in advance.


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Violinist Nadja Salerno-Sonnenberg has been a go-her-own-way performer throughout her acclaimed career. To take on the task of music director would seem suspiciously mainstream for her, but fear not. Under her leadership, the San Francisco-based ...
The Renaissance Musical Arts series at the Massry Center will heat things up Saturday evening with a performance by volcanic violinist/musical director Nadia Salerno-Sonnenberg and her New Century Chamber Orchestra.
A review of a September concert ...
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UpToDate synthesizes the most recent medical information into evidence-based practical recommendations clinicians trust to make the right point-of-care decisions.
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|AuthorsTonia Young-Fadok, MDJohn H Pemberton, MD
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Topic Outline
Patients with acute diverticulitis can present with uncomplicated or complicated disease (figure 1). (See "Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of acute diverticulitis in adults".)
Acute uncomplicated diverticulitis is a self-limited and confined inflammatory process that may include a microperforation but excludes an abscess, macroperforation, and/or peritonitis. Complicated diverticulitis refers to a clinical presentation with inflammatory manifestations that include peritonitis, obstruction, perforation, and/or abscess formation. This topic review will focus on the nonoperative management of patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of complicated diverticulitis are reviewed elsewhere:
●(See "Colonic diverticulosis and diverticular disease: Epidemiology, risk factors, and pathogenesis".)
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In the old city of Baku resides the only museum in the world dedicated to miniature editions of books. The collection of books inside the museum are the result of the private collection of Zarifa Salahova, and has been collected over the period of more than thirty years. In 2002, when she opened the museum, she made her collection public, a large portion of which stems from the donation of a Ukrainian collector, who presented his collection of books to Salahova in 2001.
The museum holds an assortment of several thousands of books, including miniature editions of works of Pushkin, Dostoyevsky, Gogol and Chukovsky. The books originate from several countries in the world, and are written in several languages, including Azeri, Russian, English and German, among others. The oldest book in the museum is a miniature copy of the Quran, dating to the 17th century, while the smallest book (6mm x 9mm) is the Russian book "The Most Miraculous Thing," which can only be read by using a magnifying glass.
Salahova, herself a dedicated bibliophiliac, has opened the museum to motivate the youth to engage more into reading books. She has also published a few miniature books herself – among others, the Constitution of Azerbaijan, which is also on display in the museum.


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Our View: Ups and Downs - Jeremy Young; interstate speed limits
THUMBS UP and "Thank you" to Trinity's Jeremy Young, who returned home last weekend to continue his recovery from wounds the 23-year-old U.S. Army private first class sustained last year during combat in Afghanistan. Young was one of five U.S. soldiers wounded last July 3 when an Afghan soldier working with U.S. troops attacked the Americans. Young was shot 12 times and has been recovering from his wounds in Texas. Friends and relatives welcomed Young home last Saturday with an event at Archdale's Creekside Park.
THUMBS UP to the Department of Transportation and local officials who made the decision to raise the speed limit on Interstate 73/74 and U.S. 220 through Asheboro to 65 miles per hour. Recent improvements along that four-lane stretch of highway in Asheboro completed in conjunction with the construction of Interstate 74 through High Point and Interstate 73 through Greensboro improved that part of the highway making it conducive to the higher speed limit.
THUMBS DOWN to the Department of Transportation and local officials who continue to maintain the ridiculously low speed limit of 60 mph on much of the section of Interstate 74/U.S. 311 Bypass through High Point. That brand-new stretch of the highway is six-lane, has no areas where there are sight restrictions and easily could (and should) accommodate a speed limit of 65 mph.
THUMBS UP to all the elementary school students in Davidson County who recently participated in the Battle of the Books Competition held this year at Denton Elementary School. Dozens of students from a number of schools in the Enterprise's coverage area participated in the competition. Kudos also to Davidson County Schools personnel and others who worked to organize the competition. It's a great way to encourage elementary students to improve their reading skills and become lifelong readers.
THUMBS DOWN to efforts in North Carolina — anywhere actually — to remove the helmet requirement for riding a motorcycle. National highway safety statistics show that helmets reduce by 37 percent the likelihood of a motorcycle crash ending in the motorcyclist's death, according to recent news reports. And it stands to reason that helmets reduce the likelihood of a serious injury occurring, too.


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Closest Metro Stops:
Cleveland Park
Woodley Park/Zoo/Adams Morgan
View Metro Map
Main Phone: (202) 633-2614
Zoo Police: (202) 633-4111
Website: nationalzoo.si.edu
Address: 3001 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington DC 20008
The closest metro stations to the National Zoo are Cleveland Park Station and Woodley Park-Zoo/Adams Morgan Station. Both metro stations are on the Red Line of the Metro System.
Although the Zoo entrance lies halfway between both metro stops, it is recommended that you take the metro to Cleveland Park Station because it is a downhill walk to the zoo. It is an uphill walk of the same distance if you take the metro to the Woodley Park-Zoo/Adams Morgan Station. It is a 7 to 10 minute walk from each metro station.
When exiting the Cleveland Park metro stop, take the exit on the east side of the street and walk south, toward the Uptown movie theater and the restaurants that line Connecticut Avenue (away from 7-11 and the Exxon station). The National Zoo is on the east side of the street, about three blocks from the stop, after a bridge and just past a large apartment building.
From Cleveland Park Metro Station
From Woodley Park-Zoo/Adams Morgan Metro Station


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'Help Filipino farmers recover'
In a statement, FAO said there's an urgent need to assist the farmers after an estimated 33 million coconut trees in the Visayas region were destroyed by the typhoon.
Visayas region is the country's second largest coconut-producing area and the Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA) has estimated losses at USD396 million.
"Coconut farmers are replanting, but what makes the situation so dire is that newly planted trees take between six to eight years to reach maturity and return to full production," FAO acting representative in the Philippines Rajendra Aryal said.
Aryal added: "It is critical to develop alternative income sources for these small-scale farmers until their coconut trees become productive again. Crop diversification and intercropping can provide key access to income and restore self-sufficiency, building the resilience of communities to withstand future disasters.
As the most important crops, Philippines is the second largest coconut producer in the world, accounting for 26.6 percent of global production.
FAO is working closely with the PCA, humanitarian partners and local organizations to develop a recovery plan for the sector in Central Philippines.
This will include clearing felled trees through coordinated cash-for-work programs, introducing crops that can be grown alongside replanted coconut trees, and providing alternative livelihoods for affected coconut farmers.
FAO has called for USD38 million to support more than 128,000 severely affected households in the Philippines and has so far received USD12 million.
The agency has also provided around 44,000 of the worst-affected farming households with rice seed and fertilizer to plant in time for the December-January planting season that will yield enough to feed around 800,000 people for one year.
"We need to build on these achievements making sure that the good work carried out in the wake of the typhoon is not rolled back,"Aryal said.
The official also said this requires continued and generous support from donor communities to ensure that affected farmers and fishers can restart their lives.
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Contrary to popular reports, the UN summit's "landmark climate deal" is little more than dysfunction as usual
Environmental activists with flags on their backs bury their heads in the sand on Durban's beachfront / Reuters
The New Wisdom of Oil?
How to Waste Money Fighting Climate Change
The Stakes in Durban
A New Report on Extreme Weather Events
The Durban climate talks are over, and many are celebrating. After repeatedly reaching the brink of collapse, the summit produced agreements on several counts. The Associated Press reported that it approved a "landmark deal" that was "meant to set a new course for the global fight against climate change for the coming decades". Christina Figueres, head of the system that oversees the talks, heralded the arrival of a "remarkable new phase in [the] climate regime".
Most of the agreed texts fleshed out matters left unfinished last year in Cancun: rules for a new climate fund, the structure of an international network of technology centers, a scheme for avoiding deforestation, and parameters for a system meant to increase the transparency of countries' emissions-cutting actions. It is this part that will have the greatest substantive impact and is worthy of celebration. A climate fund with good rules, for example, is more likely to attract money and to use it well, while a sound system for auditing countries' climate efforts will make it easier to create a virtuous cycle of action.
But it was not debate on these matters that took the talks to the edge, and it was not resolution of them that inspired the most applause. Instead, it was an agreement to initiate "a process to develop a protocol, another legal instrument or an outcome with legal force under the Convention applicable to all Parties" that has led commentators to conclude that there will be a new treaty that will legally bind all countries to reduce emissions. Alas, that conclusion is not warranted.
The process the yielded this language was hard-fought. Developing countries had insisted that developed ones take new commitments to cut emissions under the Kyoto Protocol. Most rejected that out of hand. Europe, though, accepted in principle, but with a condition: the entire conference would need to agree to seek a legally binding deal covering all emitters by 2015, with the aim of bringing that deal into force by 2020. This ultimate demand - rejected by India and China, and met without enthusiasm by the United States - was what nearly brought the talks down.
The precise dynamics that unfolded in the final days are still unclear. In the end, though, the talks came down to a simple choice. Europe insisted on language that would commit all countries "to launch a process to develop a protocol or another legal instrument under the Convention applicable to all Parties". India strenuously insisted that "a legal outcome" be included as a third option. It is not clear exactly where China or United States, which were both fine with including "legal option" but otherwise largely sat out the final public fight, would have drawn the line if forced. Everyone ultimately compromised: an "outcome with legal force", rather than a "legal outcome", was added as the third option.
It is difficult to avoid concluding that the Europeans ultimately blinked, though you wouldn't get that from their spin or from the media coverage. The New York Times, adopting a similar interpretation to most other outlets, reported that the deal foresees "a future treaty that would require all countries to reduce emissions that contribute to global warming". Alas, there's nothing much like that in the text.
The first problem is with the word "treaty", which appears nowhere in the agreement. Indeed some will insist that a mere set of formal decisions by the parties - like, say, the Cancun Agreements of last year - ought to qualify as an "outcome with legal force"; they may not have as much legal force as some would like, but surely one can argue that they have some. Perhaps this traps countries like China and India a bit: they can argue out of seeking a new instrument only by asserting that COP decisions have some legal weight. But one thing is clear: there is no commitment to seek a new treaty or protocol.
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Southwest Airlines Gives Back To Communities All Year Long By Celebrating Women
DALLAS, April 3, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Southwest Airlines (NYSE: LUV) is demonstrating its commitment to the communities it serves by hosting an array of women-focused activities throughout 2013. The Company champions diversity and inclusion and the causes that matter most to its Customers and Employees.
"Southwest Airlines is proud of our commitment to women. We partner with nonprofit organizations that focus on ways to celebrate women and the important contributions they make to our businesses, communities, and daily lives," said Ellen Torbert, Southwest Airlines' Vice President of Diversity and Inclusion. "Through our community partnerships, we were able to help them celebrate Women's History Month in March, but we will continue to honor women throughout the year by celebrating the impacts women make in our communities and ensure bright futures for our female youth."
To celebrate women in March, Southwest was proud to sponsor the Friends of the San Francisco Commission on the Status of Women's "Women Making History Awards" reception. During the city hall awards ceremony, Mayor Ed Lee's office, District Attorney George Gascon, and each of the Board of Supervisors presented an award to an outstanding woman within their respective districts.
Additionally, Southwest provided complimentary travel for African American women to develop their leadership skills through a year-long educational and mentoring program led by the National African American Women's Leadership Institute.Southwest proudly gives back to women in the communities we serve: April | Dress for Success Worldwide, Something to Share Gala, New York Southwest Airlines proudly supports the Something to Share Gala where 1,000 of Dress for Success' friends and supporters gather to honor the transformation of clients into empowered professional women who excel in their careers and personal lives.
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Marie Claire features stacked Tacori diamond bands and bangles!
June 18, 2012 | News
Dreaming of Denim & (Tacori) Diamonds!
To hit the perfect note of casual luxury, channel a whatever attitude with blue jeans, black leather, and a smattering of precious Tacori jewels. Fancy without being fussy!
Issue: Marie Claire, July 2012, page 146
Style No. HT2531SMB-1W, HT2511, HT2519W, FB660-2, FB660-1
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300 enjoy chicken barbecue in Falls Village
FALLS VILLAGE -- The Housatonic Valley FFA has been a fixture at Housatonic Valley Regional High School since the school's opening in 1939.
Its current members carry out a strong program that promotes vocational agriculture, and its loyal alumni work tirelessly to help maintain the tradition they believe is so important. The alumni group was established in 1975 with George Russell as its first president.
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Humidity 93%
Winds 6.9mph
Humidity 93%
Winds 6.9mph
Aug 30, 2013 5:27 PM by Associated Press
AUSTIN, Texas (AP) - State transportation officials are backing off an effort to shift the burden for maintaining urban highways to local governments in a bid to save upward of $165 million.
The Texas Transportation Commission heard testimony Thursday on a plan to have cities and counties take over the repair burden for nearly 1,900 miles of urban highways in 59 cities. But the push by the Texas Department of Transportation has drawn heavy criticism from municipal and county leaders who object to absorbing the added costs of maintenance.
"This simply is a solution that the city of Fort Worth cannot afford," said Fort Worth Mayor Betsy Price, according to a report by the Austin American-Statesman.
TxDOT Executive Director Phil Wilson is proposing a voluntary program in which local governments can take responsibility for roadways that are designated as state highways. In return the state would compensate them for a year's worth of maintenance.
TxDOT, meanwhile, is standing by its intention to convert 83 miles of state highways in some oil-field areas from asphalt to gravel. The agency says it will allow a two-month review period to see if counties step forward to pay for maintaining the paved roads.
Transportation officials pushed the changes in part because lawmakers have long shorted the department's budget for maintaining roads, requiring the agency to find millions in savings.
(Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
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A new Montana law allows residents and nonresidents to donate their hunting license to a disabled military veteran or disabled active duty service member who is working with an organization that uses hunting as part of the rehabilitation process.
While one cannot choose the organization to receive a donated license, the disabled veteran or armed forces member who receives the license will be a Purple Heart recipient and have a 70 percent or greater disability rating.
Each license must be donated or surrendered before the beginning of the general hunting season. Once you donate your hunting license, you are no longer eligible for any refund for the cost of the license. In addition, you cannot purchase the same license again during the license year.
Nonprofit organizations that work to rehabilitate disabled veterans and active duty members may participate in Montana's donated hunting license program. The organizations must use hunting as part of the rehabilitation process.
Disabled veterans and disabled active duty members may participate in the program by following these steps:


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The Tenant Survival Guide is one of BC's most popular legal publications. Make sure you know your rights and responsibilities as a tenant.
If you want to become a member of TRAC' click here. Reciprocal memberships available for organizations....
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The Public Commission on Legal Aid was launched in June of 2010 for the purpose of engaging British Columbians regarding their views on the future of ...
Renters Speak Up is intended to bring attention to our region's rental housing shortage, to understand the true impacts on renters and to demo...


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Video of the Day: gorgeous time-lapse of Yosemite National Park
Thursday, February 2, 2012 - 6:00am
This is Project Yosemite, an HD time-lapse video of nature at its finest.
Every day, DVICE selects fresh images, videos and more from the wonderful world of technology. See them all by clicking this link.


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I checked the fuse under the hood, #8, and that was good.
Pontiac Q&AAsk Your Question
All 2002 Pontiac Montana questions
The rear quarter power windows won't shut, Any suggestions
how to adjust the hood Pontiac 2002 Montana
is my shifter bad or is the transmission gone
When I start my van and push the brakes, the shifter goes up and down, will not catch in any gear...
problem with interior lights the wii not work, only in the manual position.
why does my van idle a little rough while in gear stopped at a sign/red light?
when I start it up, all is fine. driving, all is fine. when I stop at a red light or stop sign, i...
why does my rear turn signal/brakes not work properly?
I am afraid that I may end up in an accident. Just bought the van and it would not pass inspectio...
why does my wipers only work sometimes?
my front wipers, sometimes work just fine, sometimes the low speed does not work. sometimes I onl...
My 2002 Pontiac Montana keeps burning out brake lights/turn signals.
the brake lights burn out quick after each replacement..the turn signals seem to only work in the...
why do i have to let the fuel pump run three times before van will start
i have replaced the fuel regulator and 02 sensors, on im still loosing my fuel pressure. i have t...
windshield wipers stop up not stored down what causes this
lubed everything made it more quiet but still stops straight up
So this mini van I'm working on pulls up a PO101 its making a loud squealing
The squealing it very loud it does it when its in idle and in geer
Where is the front HVAC blend door assembly located? I have no front heat.
Mechanic says heater core and related parts ok except for the blend/actuator. Cost $700 to fix th...
The van is missing, what could it be?
We changed the intake gasket, head gasket, the coil packs, and modual. We had the spark plugs cha...
van won't start after running out of gas
van ran out of gas. Gas put in tank but still will not start. This is first time. is there somewh...
Poor acceleration after coming to a stop and then take off. After engine warms up.
My vehicle, p.montana, after warming up, when I come to a
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Whether in summer or in winter - our family hotel will keep the whole family entertained ...
Winter Skiing
A skiing hotel in Austria: Not only is Alpina one of THE ski hotels in Tyrol, it is also very close to one of the largest skiing areas in the region - the Zillertal Arena. As our hotel is right next to the ski lift, skiing fun really can start as soon as you step outside. Only 100m separate our ski hotel from the slopes – a real plus for all winter sports fans.
We look forward to becoming your personal dream hotel and will do all we can to make your holiday special. Our hotel is known for ist many benefits it offers as a family hotel in Austria, with children up to the age of 7 receiving lots of discounts. Thanks to fantastic child-care and a ski school we are also a certified "Kinderhotel in Austria".


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Bahman Ghobadi
Film Maker and Photographer
Mij Film Co.
Bahman Ghobadi was born in Baneh, a city near the Iran-Iraq border in the province of Kurdistan, Iran. He lived in Baneh until civil disputes caused his entire family to immigrate to Sanandaj (the centre of Kurdistan Province in Iran). After receiving his high school diploma from Sanandaj, he came to Tehran in 1992 in order to further his studies. Ghobadi started his artistic career in the field of Industrial Photography. Beginning in the mid 1990s, Ghobadi's short films received many foreign and domestic awards. One of his films, "Life in Fog" became known as "the most famous documentary ever made in the history of Iranian cinema". In the wake of being awarded several different International Awards, this film opened up new opportunities in Ghobadi's career. With the making of his full-length feature "A Time for Drunken Horses" in 1999, Ghobadi became fully recognized as a professional director. Not only was this the first Kurdish full-feature film in the history of Iranian cinema, but Ghobadi also came to be recognized as the pioneer Kurdish director from Iran.


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Losartan (Cozaar)
What Is Losartan (Cozaar)?By Don Wall
Medically Reviewed by Sherry Brooks, MD
Losartan, sold under the brand name Cozaar, is used to treat hypertension, commonly called high blood pressure. It is also used to lower the risk of stroke in some patients with heart disease.
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that blocks a substance that causes blood vessels to tighten. By relaxing blood vessels, losartan helps the patient maintain a lower blood pressure, increasing the supply of oxygen and blood to the heart.
Losartan is also used to slow long-term kidney damage for people with type 2 diabetes, and it is sometimes used to treat congestive heart failure.
Losartan was the first angiotensin II receptor blocker to be sold following its approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1995. It is made by Merck & Co. under the trade name Cozaar, and is also available in generic form.
Additionally, losartan is sold as Hyzaar (hydrochlorothiazide/losartan), a combination drug with a low-dose diuretic to add to an antihypertensive effect.
Losartan (Cozaar) Warnings
In January 2014, the FDA issued a strong black-box warning that losartan can cause fetal toxicity and should be discontinued as soon as pregnancy is detected. It can cause fetal injury or death if taken during the last 6 months of pregnancy.
Do not use this medication if you are allergic to losartan. Avoid drinking alcohol when using losartan, as it may further lower your blood pressure and increase side effects. Make sure you have your blood pressure checked often. Keep using the medication even if you feel normal, because high blood pressure often has no symptoms.
Photos of Losartan
Copyright © 2014 Everyday Health Media, LLC
Losartan (Cozaar) Side Effects
Patients should seek emergency medical help if you are showing signs of an allergic reaction, including hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat.
Rarely, losartan can cause a condition that results in the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, leading to kidney failure. You should call your doctor immediately if you experience fever, nausea or vomiting, or dark-colored urine.
Other side effects of losartan include:
- Feeling like you might pass out
- Pale skin, light headed, trouble concentrating
- Shortness of breath, wheezing, chest pain
- Irregular or rapid heart rate, weak pulse, tingly feeling
- Decreased urination
Less serious side effects include:
- Dry cough
- Cold or flu symptoms, sore throat, fever
- Muscle cramps
- Headache, dizziness
- Leg or back pains
- Diarrhea, stomach pain
- Fatigue
- Insomnia
Copyright © 2014 Everyday Health Media, LLC
Losartan (Cozaar) Interactions
Tell your doctor about any allergies you have, and about all the medications you take, whether prescription or over-the-counter, vitamins, illegal or recreational drugs, and dietary or herbal supplements, as they can affect how Losartan works.
If you have diabetes or kidney disease, avoid using losartan together with medications containing aliskiren (Amturnide, Tekturna, Tekamio, Valturna).
Consult your doctor if you take the following medication:
- Aspirin (Anacin, Bayer, or Bufferin)
- Ibuprofen (Advil)
- Naproxen (Aflaxen, Aleve)
- Potassium-sparing diuretics (Amiloride)
- Fluconazole (Diflucan)
- Lithium (Eskalith)
- Phenobarbital (Solfoton)
- Potassium supplements
Copyright © 2014 Everyday Health Media, LLC
Losartan (Cozaar) Dosage
Losartan tablets are available in 25 mg, 50 mg, or 100 mg. The usual starting dose is 50 mg, but people treated with diuretics may be started off with 25 mg, once or twice daily. The effects are usually seen within a week, with maximal effect occurring between three to six weeks.
For pediatric hypertensive patients older than 6, the recommended starting dose is 0.7 mg, once daily, up to 50 mg.
Losartan may be taken with or without food.
Losartan Overdose
An overdose may cause a fast or slow heartbeat, dizziness, and feeling like passing out. If you experience these symptoms, call 911 or contact the poison hotline at 1-800-222-1222.
Missed Dose of Losartan
If you miss a dose, take as soon as possible, or skip it, if it is time for your next dose.
Do not "double up" to make up for a missed dose.
Copyright © 2014 Everyday Health Media, LLC
Losartan Reviews
Copyright © 2014 Everyday Health Media, LLC
Losartan FAQ
In This Section:
- My husband is taking losartan for high blood pressure. Can he drink wine or vodka?
- Should losartan be taken in the morning or evening to avoid frequent night time bathroom visits?
- I have recently been put on losartan for high blood pressure. The flyer with the drug says not to use salt substitute. I assume this is due to the potassium. We are about to install a water softener in our house and would be using potassium cloride in the processing. Is there a danger of consuming this in my drinking and cooking water?
My husband is taking losartan for high blood pressure. Can he drink wine or vodka?A: Generally speaking, drug interactions fall into three main categories: Drug-drug (i.e., prescription, over-the-counter, herbals, dietary supplements) interactions occur when two or more drugs react with each other. Drug-diet (food/drink) interactions result from drugs reacting with foods or drinks. Drug-disease interactions may occur when an existing medical condition makes certain drugs potentially harmful. A review of the prescribing information for losartan does not specifically cite a drug interaction with alcohol and losartan (Cozaar), an angiotensin reuptake inhibitor prescribed for hypertension. However, alcohol can increase the side effects of losartan. The common side effects with losartan are dizziness, headache, insomnia, muscle pain, cough, fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, and hypotension. Alcohol can cause dehydration and increase the risk for orthostatic hypotension which is a sudden drop in blood pressure upon arising from a sitting position. Symptoms of orthostatic hypotension include dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting. The extent of orthostatic hypotension will vary between individuals and depends on other prescription medications, non-prescription medications, dietary supplements, nutritional supplements and current medical conditions. This is not a complete list of side effects for losartan. For more specific information, consult with your doctor or pharmacist for guidance based on your health status and current medications, particularly before taking any action. Consuelo Worley, RPh Back to Top
Should losartan be taken in the morning or evening to avoid frequent night time bathroom visits?A: Losartan (Cozaar) is in a class of medications known as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). This medication is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and works by relaxing blood vessels which helps to lower blood pressure. According to the prescribing information for Cozaar, the brand-name of losartan, increased urinary frequency is a possible side effect associated with this medication. Take losartan exactly as prescribed by your doctor and follow the directions on your prescription label. To keep this medication from disturbing your sleep, consult with your doctor regarding the possibility of taking your dose early in the day. Losartan may be taken with or without food. It may take up to three to six weeks of using this medication before your blood pressure is under control. Continue to use the medication even if you feel fine. If you experience any muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness and if you have nausea, vomiting, fever, or dark colored urine, call your doctor right away. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about the medications you take. For more specific information, consult with your doctor or pharmacist for guidance based on your health status and current medications, particularly before taking any action. Back to Top
I have recently been put on losartan for high blood pressure. The flyer with the drug says not to use salt substitute. I assume this is due to the potassium. We are about to install a water softener in our house and would be using potassium cloride in the processing. Is there a danger of consuming this in my drinking and cooking water?A: Losartan potassium (Cozaar) is classified as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). Losartan is approved for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure), diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes that have a history of hypertension and for stroke risk reduction in patients that have hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. According to medical references, patients should avoid using potassium supplements or salt substitutes unless authorized by a physician. There is a warning about salt substitutes because of the high levels of potassium that are contained in some of them. According to the prescribing information for losartan, potassium ingested with the medication can result in increases in potassium levels in the blood. There is no mention of potassium from water softeners in the prescribing information. Contact the manufacturer of the water softener and inquire about how much potassium chloride is contained in the water. The company may be able to provide you with additional information regarding risks of drug interactions. You can also ask your physician for advice. Consult with your physician prior to consuming water that is softened by a potassium chloride product. For more specific information, consult with your doctor or pharmacist for guidance based on your health status and current medications, particularly before taking any action. Jen Marsico, RPh Back to Top
Copyright © 2014 Everyday Health Media, LLC
About Drugs A-ZDrugs A-Z provides drug information from Everyday Health and our partners, as well as ratings from our members, all in one place. Cerner Multum™ provides the data within most of the Basics, Side Effects, Interactions and Dosage tabs. The information within the Reviews and FAQ tabs is proprietary to Everyday Health.
You can browse Drugs A-Z for a specific prescription or over-the-counter drug or look up drugs based on your specific condition. This information is for educational purposes only, and not meant to provide medical advice, treatment, or diagnosis. Remember to always consult your physician or health care provider before starting, stopping, or altering a treatment or health care regimen.
Photos of Losartan
Cozaar 100 mg, white, eggCozaar 100 mg, white, egg
Cozaar 25 mg, white, oval, film coatedCozaar 25 mg, white, oval, film coated
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Special Reports
SPECIAL REPORT #25 Email Marketing 2.0
- 14th November
- Samantha Youl 131
As the world of online becomes increasingly connected, email is now more than ever integral to a marketer's arsenal of channels to engage consumers. In Email Marketing 2.0 we explore how email contributes to the ongoing dialogue with customers, through personalisation, remarketing and retargeting. We will also delve into the benefits of segmentation and how marketers can leverage this information to build insightful customer profiles for increased conversions.
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Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson
On May 18, 1896, the Supreme Court ruled separate-but-equal facilities constitutional on intrastate railroads. For some fifty years, the Plessy v. Ferguson decision upheld the principle of racial segregation. Across the country, laws mandated separate accommodations on buses and trains, and in hotels, theaters, and schools.
The Court's majority opinion denied that legalized segregation connoted inferiority. However, in a dissenting opinion, Justice John Marshall Harlan argued that segregation in public facilities smacked of servitude and abridged the principle of equality under the law.
In a speech delivered in the Ohio House of Representatives in 1886 and later published as The Black Laws, legislator Benjamin W. Arnett described life in segregated Ohio:
I have traveled in this free country for twenty hours without anything to eat; not because I had no money to pay for it, but because I was colored. Other passengers of a lighter hue had breakfast, dinner and supper. In traveling we are thrown in "jim crow" cars, denied the privilege of buying a berth in the sleeping coach. This foe of my race stands at the school house door and separates the children, by reason of 'color,' and denies to those who have a visible admixture of African blood in them the blessings of a graded school and equal privileges... We call upon all friends of 'Equal Rights' to assist in this struggle to secure the blessings of untrammeled liberty for ourselves and posterity.
B. W. Arnett, The Black Laws, March 10, 1886. African American Perspectives, 1818-1907
By the 1930s, the practice of racial segregation was widespread and vigorously maintained. When devastating floods hit Arkansas in 1937, for example, white refugees and black refugees were cared for in separate relief facilities. A series of Farm Security Administration photographs documenting the flood demonstrates the pervasive nature of segregation.
After hearing arguments by NAACP lawyer Thurgood Marshall, the Supreme Court overruled the Plessy decision on May 17, 1954. In Brown v. the Board of Education, a unanimous Court adopted Justice Harlan's position that segregation violated the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution.


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Loren senses Eddie at her concert and makes a quick change to her set list. Eddie does his best to avoid being caught by the cops.
While Loren's getting ready for the concert, she comes face to face with someone from her past. Eddie confronts Chloe and Tyler.
Max urges Loren to put her worry for Eddie aside and enjoy her big moment. Tyler and Chloe get an unexpected guest in Fresno.
Kelly delivers some exciting news about Loren's upcoming gig. Eddie sneaks out to send Loren an anonymous message.
Loren tries to get Chloe to admit the truth about her accident. Max proposes a deal with Chloe. Eddie decides it's time to move on.
Loren learns the truth about Eddie. Chloe tries to remember what happened the night of her fall.
Loren does an interview from Eddie's apartment and Max receives a phone call with promising news. Phil defends his innocence.
Loren plans to play a new song for the first time at the memorial concert. Adriana is in denial about Don's accident.
Loren and Kelly disagree about Loren singing songs written by someone else. Don's plan for the clinic doesn't work out the way he hoped.
Max and Nora search an Ojai gas station for clues. Tyler urges Chloe to tell the detective Eddie was responsible for her accident.
Max is baffled by a call from a stranger delivering some mysterious news. Loren decides to have her first solo concert.
Loren's back in the recording studio, but she runs into some problems. Chloe makes progress.
Mel runs interference when nosy classmates ask Loren for details on Eddie. Max is suspicious Tyler knows more than he's letting on.
Max is determined to get answers and won't stop looking until he learns the truth. Jake looks to Kelly for comfort.
The news of Eddie's accident travels among those close to him. Lily interrogates Tyler about Chloe but he does his best to protect her innocence.
Loren and Max are massively worried that Eddie is still missing. Tyler holds vigil at the hospital.
The drama continues as Chloe convinces Eddie the incriminating photo of her and Tyler is fake, Loren faces trouble at school, and a potential marriage proposal is in the works. Get ready as things get hot and heavy on Hollywood Heights.
Chloe's latest ploy to get Eddie's attention starts to work. Meanwhile, Kelly arranges Loren's first session in the recording studio, Adrianna makes an unexpected discovery, and Eddie takes off for some much-needed alone time.
Loren strikes up a friendship with rock superstar Eddie Duran that eventually buds into something more - even with the conniving Chloe scheming around. Will true love win out over career changes, continuous setbacks and all the deception?
As Loren and Eddie grow closer together, Loren also grows more confident and ultimately makes a huge decision about her future. Meanwhile, Tyler reveals the colossal secret he's been keeping, and Chloe may finally come clean to Eddie about her past.
Loren meets with a music producer and Eddie and Kelly clash over the direction of Loren's career. Then, Eddie goes missing and Max will stop at nothing to learn the truth. He's baffled when he receives a strange call with some mysterious news.
It's still nothing but drama for these Hollywood Heights hopefuls. Watch for Melissa's family crisis, Loren's makeover, Max and Nora's budding relationship, Tyler's plans to expose Chloe, Lisa's surprising visitor and more!
Chloe tries to remember what happened the night of her accident, and gets an unexpected guest in Fresno. Meanwhile, Max receives a call with promising news, and as Loren gets ready for her concert, comes face to face with someone from her past.
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Jeb Bush on Foreign Policy
Republican FL Governor; V.P. prospect
Even as he sharply criticized President Obama for his handling of foreign affairs and health care, Bush made clear that he would run against the style of politics that has characterized recent Republican nominating contests.
He was more willing to criticize Obama, naturally. "Leading from behind is so odd to me," he said of the president's foreign policy. And he said it was absurd for Obama to be "doing a victory dance" over the enrollment of seven million people in his new health care program given what Bush considers its deep structural flaws.
"He showed a lot of knowledge about foreign policy that he must have been working hard to acquire," said Ari Fleischer, the former White House Press Secretary and a board member of the RJC, noting Bush discussed diplomatic challenges presented by countries like Ukraine, Russia and Moldova. "He was very rough on the president in terms of his handling of foreign policy, referring to the dangers of 'American passivity.'"
The son and brother of presidents, Bush cautioned the Republican party against "neo-isolationism," a line universally understood as a shot at Rand Paul. Bush also pushed back on Democratic attacks that whenever a Republican calls for a more activist foreign policy that they are "warmongering."
For his part, Bush said that he will continue making contributions to the development of bilateral ties and economic cooperation between the two nations.
In Miami, when the exile community speaks, Jeb listens. For years, he has listened--and then acted.
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the city was the nexus of anticommunist activism in Central America. Jeb, who spoke their language fluently. Jeb, who accepted without reservation their need to overthrow leftist governments and hunt down and kill leftist rebels. Jeb, who would show up in a guayabera shirt at rallies, chanting "Libre! Libre!" with everyone else.
Jeb, in contrast, not only majored in Latin American studies but actually lived for the better part of two years in Venezuela without the accoutrements of officialdom. Whether this results in a different overall direction or merely a more competent version of the same old story cannot be known.
Overall, though, it is hard to imagine that the basic thrust of American diplomacy would be terribly different. Jeb would have far more knowledge of this hemisphere, but countries in South and Central America need to understand that this is not necessarily a good thing. It's not enough, for example, to be a democratic nation. You must also then vote for pro-capitalist leaders.
Just about every structure was off of its foundation. There were people literally walking through the street with very little clothes on and starving. "With tears in his eyes, the son of President-elect George Bush presented candy and gifts today to brighten the Christmas of children injured in Armenia's earthquake," read the article. "This is probably the greatest Christmas gift I could give myself or my own," Jeb was quoted.
"The best thing about that was Gorbachev telling me afterwards that when Jeb went to church in Armenia and shed a tear there, it did more for the US-Russia relationship than anything I could possibly imagine," Dad recalled.
At the time George H. W. Bush was CIA director. The US sanctioned terrorism against Cuba and routinely trained commandos to infiltrate the island. Jeb, who planned to run for governor of Florida, represented a rabid anti-Castro constituency, a voting bloc that held his father's anti-Castro actions at the CIA in the highest esteem. Jeb's public support for paroling Bosch further enhanced his standing in the Cuban community, which considered Bosch a patriot in exile and honored him for his murderous bombings around the globe. At this son's behest, George Bush intervened to obtain the release of the Cuban terrorist from prison and later granted Bosch US residency.
President Bush endorsed Sharon's offer to withdraw from Gaza and parts of the West Bank in exchange for concessions on settlements. Palestinians criticized the plan. Gov. Bush said, "This new US policy, I think, will bring about the chance of lasting peace far better than the current status quo. And if there's any attempt to impose a different vision, the US is committed to intervene and provide support to the state of Israel."
American foreign policy is adrift. Conservatives have criticized the incoherent policies of the Clinton Administration. They have also resisted isolationist impulses from within their own ranks. But conservatives have not confidently advanced a strategi
|Other governors on Foreign Policy:
|Jeb Bush on other issues:
FL Gubernatorial:
Alexander Snitker
Charlie Crist
Rick Scott
FL Senatorial:
Bill Nelson
Marco Rubio
Gubernatorial Debates 2014:
AL: Bentley(R) vs.Griffith(D)
AR: Ross(D) vs.Hutchinson(R) vs.Griffin(R,Lt.Gov.)
AZ: Ducey(R) vs.DuVal(D) vs.Mealer(AE) vs.Gilbert(L) vs.
CA: Brown(D) vs.Kashkari(R)
CO: Hickenlooper(D) vs.Beauprez(R) vs.
CT: Malloy(D) vs.Foley(R) vs.Walker(R,Lt.Gov.)
FL: Scott(R) vs.Crist(D) vs.Snitker(L,Lt.Gov.)
GA: Deal(R) vs.Carter(D) vs.Hunt(L)
HI: Ige(D) vs.Aiona(R) vs.
IA: Branstad(R) vs.Hatch(D) vs.
MA: Coakley(D) vs.Baker(R) &Polito(R,Lt.Gov.) vs.
ME: LePage(R) vs.Michaud(D) vs.Cutler(I)
MI: Snyder(R) vs.Schauer(D)
NM: Martinez(R) vs.King(D)
NY: Cuomo(D) &Hochul(D,Lt.Gov.) vs.Astorino(R) vs.Hawkins(G) vs.
OK: Fallin(R) vs.Dorman(D)
PA: Corbett(R) vs.Wolf(D) vs.
Up for re-election 2014:
AK-R: Sean Parnell
AL-R: Robert Bentley
CA-D: Jerry Brown
CO-D: John Hickenlooper
CT-D: Dan Malloy
FL-R: Rick Scott
GA-R: Nathan Deal
HI-D: Neil Abercrombie
IA-R: Terry Branstad
ID-R: Butch Otter
IL-D: Pat Quinn
KS-R: Sam Brownback
ME-R: Paul LePage
MI-R: Rick Snyder
MN-D: Mark Dayton
NH-D: Maggie Hassan
NM-R: Susana Martinez
NV-R: Brian Sandoval
NY-D: Andrew Cuomo
OH-R: John Kasich
OK-R: Mary Fallin
OR-D: John Kitzhaber
PA-R: Tom Corbett
SC-R: Nikki Haley
SD-R: Dennis Daugaard
TN-R: Bill Haslam
VT-D: Peter Shumlin
WI-R: Scott Walker
WY-R: Matt Mead
Term-Limited or Retiring 2014:
AR-D: Mike Beebe
AZ-R: Jan Brewer
MA-D: Deval Patrick
MD-D: Martin O'Malley
RI-I: Linc Chafee
TX-R: Rick Perry
Civil Rights
Foreign Policy
Free Trade
Govt. Reform
Gun Control
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Local Issues
Social Security
Tax Reform
Election 2013:
New Jersey:
NJ-R: Chris Christie (won)
NJ-D: Barbara Buono (lost)
VA-R: Bob McDonnell(Retiring)
VA-R: Ken Cuccinelli (lost)
VA-D: Terry McAuliffe (won)


text:
You're Not Crazy: Gmail Is Down [UPDATE]
Did you find yourself in a state of fury this morning because nobody seemed to be responding to your emails? Worse still, did it make you feel unloved and unpopular both personally and professionally?
Well, we can't actually speak for how your friends and coworkers feel about you, but you can take some solace in the fact that Gmail is experiencing service disruptions. Read More


text:
This item was written by Larry Bleiberg, former travel editor of Coastal Living magazine and The Dallas Morning News. Bleiberg is serving as Guest Editor of The Cruise Log while USA TODAY Cruise Editor Gene Sloan is away.
Warning: Blood-suckers at sea!
Holland America's Zuiderdam will host a vampire-themed cruise next summer in Southeast Alaska, AP reports.
Along with the grandeur of the Inside Passage, the sailing will include a vampire ball, costume contest and trivia contest. There will also be a "Vamps Got Talent" contest for passengers.
Vampire scholar John Edgar Browning is scheduled to host a vampire movie festival. Also scheduled to join the cruise is Dacre Stoker, a great-grandnephew of Dracula author Bram Stoker and a co-author of a sequel, Dracula: The Un-Dead.
The week-long cruise will depart from Vancouver, Canada, on June 23, 2012, and include stops in Juneau, Glacier Bay, Skagway and Ketchikan.
For information, visit vampsatsea.com.


text:
| "Hey, that's some nice fine art. It's worth about $2 million? That would make us very rich"
|Showing 1-18 of 18 comments
| Pro Zack
they stole a 2 million dollar art?
| CygnusDarius
Pro Zack: they stole a 2 million dollar art?
All of it.
| herrDrFarkenstein
How is aart valU formed? How musaum get robed?
| lemortede
Unless its on the belly of a fat man its not Art.
| Brick-House
| Wettner
I knew when Peter Griffin seceded from the USA, Pretoria was going to be in trouble.
/Oh it was Petoria...carry on.
| I_Can't_Believe_it's_not_Boutros
Wasn't this more or less the plot of Catalina Caper?
| Gyrfalcon
I hope they were commissioned. It's not like you can post that stuff on eBay and expect just anyone to start the bidding at $2 million, you know?
| Buttknuckle
Nice fart?
| Jack Kerouac
The "Fishing Boats" from Irma Stern, as the article puts it, reminds me of the sort of original artwork I see at various psychologist's offices. Perhaps even a more worldly dentist's office would have these in the waiting room. Better than inspirational posters of Jack Kennedy, I suppose.
/I'm a narrow minded art person, indeed.
| quietwalker
Half of my old company was based out of south africa, and they indicated some very odd world views.
For example, it's apparently common knowledge that you learn the pickup schedule of your favorite restaurant (Nando's, in this case), because you do not want to be there when they come to put the day's take in the cash truck. Unless you like being in a shootout.
Not that it happens _every_ time, but apparently often enough. You can even find youtube videos of kids playing in the street when there's gunfire in the background and they look down a street to see one of those trucks blocked in and getting shot up. Kinda neat.
It was pretty safe, I was told though, and you actually feel secure, unlike America. See, in America, they don't have walled compounds with a private militarized police force and bars on every window, so it's obvious unsafe. What a wild west, no-man's-land in America, indeed! So crazy here!
Sure, everyone's been mugged, or carjacked, or had their home burglarized a few times, but that's just ~normal~. Usually you don't even get beaten, at least, not too much! Sure, somewhere around 1/3 of the female population has been raped, but that's coming from live reports, and that's probably most of them. I mean, you can't get to #1 in rape per capita in the world by killing all the women afterwards, can you? What if you wanted to double up the number later?
Don't forget the still present racism, on both sides. The last president had a theme song called "my machine gun," (or something like that), which the Mandela administration banned - it's about black men lynching white men and taking their stuff. He and his thousand followers would walk down the street chanting it.
Great stuff, fun times! Seems like a nice place to keep million dollar paintings safe.
| lenfromak
That chief looks like he was painted by numbers. I guess I'm not a good judge of art.
| Alonjar
I just dont understand who feels a piece of art is important enough to send armed thugs to go steal the shiat.
Like.. who are you trying to impress? I dont get it.
| FeFiFoFark
am considering a career change...
| yoyopro
Alonjar: I just dont understand who feels a piece of art is important enough to send armed thugs to go steal the shiat.
Well . . . believe it or not, here is your answer from the AP version of this news report:
Art theft is the third most lucrative crime in the world, after drugs and illicit arms sales, according to Interpol and the FBI. However, actually selling famous works remains difficult for criminals either locally where the theft happened or abroad, authorities say. Despite the challenges, estimates suggest there are billions of dollars made in stolen art sales annually across the world.
As to "who are you trying to impress?" - that's anybody's guess, considering that it would pretty much be impossible to ever display it in public. Most likely they end up in the hands of wealthy criminals who keep them in their hidden collections to show off to their other criminal friends in an attempt to show that they are not only vicious thugs, but also have good taste in their choice of crimes.
| Spartapuss
Pro Zack: they stole a 2 million dollar art?
| Jument
The three paid an entrance fee of just over $1 each on Sunday
They got excellent value for their entrance fees, then!
It's odd to me that a gallery with such supposedly valuable works on charges $1. Every time I go to a museum or gallery these days (which only seems to happen when I'm sightseeing in a new place) they rape me for $20-30+.
| Dwight_Yeast
Jument: It's odd to me that a gallery with such supposedly valuable works on charges $1. Every time I go to a museum or gallery these days (which only seems to happen when I'm sightseeing in a new place) they rape me for $20-30+.
Because of budget cuts and a demand for smaller government, most museums in the States are largely supported by their entrance fees, which is why they charge what they charge. There are some exceptions: the National Gallery in Washington is free because that was a condition of Andrew Mellon's gift to the nation.
|Showing 1-18 of 18 comments
| This thread is closed to new comments.


text: Williams have no further test plans for Wolff 26 July, 2013 Susie Wolff during the Silverstone test Williams F1 is not planning any further significant test sessions for development driver Susie Wolff in the immediate future. The famous British team's female reserve driver impressed both Williams and the wider Formula 1 world with her first real circuit test in the 2013 car recently at Silverstone. "She did a good job, with no mistakes and making good progress with the new tyres," Williams' chief engineer Xevi Pujolar is quoted by Brazil's Globo Esporte. "But we are not considering the possibility of regular tests for Susie at this point," he insisted, admitting that he was also talking about potential running on Friday mornings at grands prix. "The work we did at Silverstone is different to what we do on a race weekend, so we are not considering that," added Pujolar. Wolff, 30, is therefore leaving her plans for the future open. "We have two great drivers," she said, referring to Pastor Maldonado and Valtteri Bottas, "so it is not possible to drive on Fridays this season. "But we'll see. I'm not the type of person who likes to sit still," added Wolff. "I always like to be developing myself constantly. So I'll think about what is the right next step for me." (GMM) Subbed by AJN. Tweet Related NewsWilliams: We had another productive dayWilliams: We are very pleased with the progressSusie Wolff: It was a steep learning curveWilliams: We had a very productive dayWilliams: We gathered some useful dataWilliams: We end the pre-season running feeling very happy with the carWilliams: It's been a good day for usWilliams: Now concentrating on pushing the car for more performanceWilliams: It's been a really good day completing 128 lapsWolff to get two FP1 sessions in 2014 as Williams extends her contract


text:
A Christmas candle is a lovely thing;It makes no noise at all,But softly gives itself away;While quite unselfish, it grows small.Eva K. Logue
The passion of love is essentially selfish, while motherhood widens the circle of our feelings.Honor de Balzac
Selfish men make the best lovers. They're prepared to invest in the women's pleasures so that they can collect an even bigger dividend for themselves.James Graham Ballard
Tenderness is greater than love. I do not admire carnal love when it is by itself and bare. I do not admire its disorderly selfish paroxysms, so grossly short-lived. And yet without love the attachment of two human beings is always weak. Love must be added to affection. The things it contributes to a union are absolutely needed exclusiveness, intimacy, and simplicity.Henri Barbusse
Professional standards, the standards of ambition and selfishness, are always sliding downward toward expense, ostentation, and mediocrity. They tend always to narrow the ground of judgment. But amateur standards, the standards of love, are always straining upward toward the humble and the best. They enlarge the ground of judgment. The context of love is the world.Wendell Berry
That which we look on with unselfish love And true humility is surely ours, Even as a lake looks at the stars above And makes within itself a heaven of stars.Mary Gardiner Brainard


text:
Whoah, you're at our level cap. Good job, you rock! Here, have some cake.
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I really got bored on a project i was workin on, then i stumbled on to this!
Wow, kewl. Nice find ;)
Of course the staff could have been making this behind our backs…
It's been there for a long time :P. That's all I can say.
(Yeah, saw it 5 months ago :P. Fragm3nt revamped the wikipedia page.)
thanx, you should see all the people who said good things about Kong on that page.
"the youtube of games"
"Gamers want Kongregate"
actually that was me making part of that, somewhere deep in the forums is my post about it. =P
Great to see it again though
Oh, nice work.
I'll be even more excited when we have an Encyclopedia Dramatica page.
Do you mean "Encyclopedia Brittanica?"
Btw: glad to see you no longer have Demonic Posts!
(see off-topic)
Wow! Jim and Emily are siblings? I always just assumed they were married!
I'll be even more excited when we have an Encyclopedia Dramatica page.
Can't wait for that!
Do you mean "Encyclopedia Brittanica?"
Nope. ED is something like Uncyclopedia but worser in many sense…
Wow! Jim and Emily are siblings? I always just assumed they were married!
Jim's married. Emily, from my crappy sources (That is, Mike and Gerg), is not.
Very nice.
By the way, Jim Greer (In the Betas) gave this link to us and asked who could make such great crap effort. I looked and found it was an acclaimed Wikipedian so it's not by the works of the Kongregate Staff Member.
Actually, ED = Uncyclopedia + Fail + Porn
Oh god…someone wanna write up the ED page? laughs That'd just be absolutely hilarious. But good find, there, Zach. :D
It'd actually be a surprise if Kongregate didn't have a Wikipedia entry yet.
So, anyone agree with me that the next section to come on the page is the Card Game?
So, anyone agree with me that the next section to come on the page is the Card Game?
And then criticism and reception (Just like Newgrounds?).
The card system has been stated to be out sometime in mid-September 2007
it says that in wikipedia, so that means THE CARD GAME IS GONNA BE OUT SOON???
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text:
September 19, 2011
The exclusive trailer for Wuthering Heights, adapted by Olivia Hetreed and starring Kaya Scodelario and Solomon Glave, is now available to watch.
The film premiered at the Venice Film Festival and will have its UK premiere at the London Film Festival on 22nd October.
Olivia Hetreed
Olivia's Profile
Kaya Scodelario
Kaya's Profile
Theatre, Film & TV
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Wuthering Heights
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Six Curtis Brown clients for your discovery
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text:
"I love everything about working at CoverHound — my coworkers are extremely talented, and the environment is fast-paced. It's everything a San Francisco startup should be."
– Katherine Moura, Director of Digital Marketing
CoverHound is seeking a Senior Software Engineer to help lead the development of our successful consumer service. You have experience during the scaling phase of a consumer internet startup, and enjoy solving the problems that arise as volume increases.
CoverHound is seeking early-to-mid career software engineers interested in joining our fast-growing consumer startup. You will be a full-stack Ruby/Rails developer in a collaborative environment, where we offer many opportunities for both learning and mentorship.


text:
George Gard "Buddy" DeSylva (January 27, 1895 - July 11, 1950) was an American songwriter. He was born in New York City, but grew up in California and attended the University of Southern California.
DeSylva's first successful songs were those used by Al Jolson on Broadway in the 1918 +Sinbad production, which included "I'll Say She Does." Soon thereafter he met Jolson and in 1918, the pair went to New York and De Sylva began working as a songwriter at Tin Pan Alley. In 1925, he became one third of the songwriting team DeSylva, lyricist Brown and composer Henderson, one of the top Tin Pan Alley songwriters of the era. The writing and publishing partnership continued until 1930. The 1956 Hollywood film The Best Things in Life are Free, starring Gordon MacRae, depicted the life of the DeSylva, Brown and Henderson team.
De Sylva joined ASCAP in 1920 and served on the ASCAP board of directors between 1922 and 1930. He became a producer of stage and screen musicals. DeSylva relocated to Hollywood and went under contract to Fox Studios. In 1941, he became the Executive Producer at Paramount Pictures, a position he would hold until 1944. During his tenure at Paramount, he produced movies such as The Little Colonel, The Littlest Rebel, Captain January, Poor Little Rich Girl and Stowaway. He was also an uncredited exectutive producer for Double Indemnity and The Glass Key.
In 1942, Johnny Mercer, Glenn Wallichs and De Sylva founded Capitol Records.
He is sometimes credited as: Buddy De Sylva, Buddy DeSylva, Bud De Sylva and B.G. DeSylva.
Buddy De Sylva died in Hollywood and was buried in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California.
Broadway credits
External link


text:
Concert Hardware Cymbal Stands
The C-1000SC Gooseneck Cymbal Stand allows for true freely-suspended mounting of orchestral suspended cymbals up to 20" in diameter. The single-braced base is easily height adjustable and features legendary Pearl quality for years of dependable use. The leather suspension strap slips through any cymbal and securely supports the weight with a sewn leather bulb.
C1000AC cradle holds 2 cymbals at the ready for quick access. Rubber coated arms and bumpers assure silent use, and adjustable width arms provide security for different sized plates. Pearl quality single braced base is easy height adjustable and folds for easy transport.


text:
â€â€Brian Phillips tries hard but gets nowhere in taking up once again the old problem of poetic taste. There is nowhere to go on that subject, which is why no one has ever gotten there. The right measure of good poetry is not taste but truth, something that was given up a couple of hundred years ago by Wordsworth, Coleridge, and the Romantics generally, because they despaired of competing with science, especially Newton, in giving what could be called a true account of the world, and retreated into beauty, feeling, and, yes, taste, as standards by which their art should be measured.
â€The best poems, by and large, and the best lines in the best poems, all say something true. That is why we honor and remember them. Oh, it matters how this truth is stated, but if the statement fails as truth it survives only as    ...    well, taste, which is a lesser thing. Some poetry is very beautiful, yet false, as in my judgment are the last lines of "Sunday Morning." Some deliberately rough, even homespun poetry is wonderfully true, like the two definitions of home in "The Death of the Hired Man." We must keep the difference in mind.â€
So why bother with poetry, if I am right? Because its way of stating the truth makes us see it, and believe it. There might have been lots of ways of imagining the first sight of the Pacific Ocean, but "Silent, upon a Peak in Darien" seems defining, as of course it is wonderfully satisfying. Yes, we can try — poetry must try — to say the best and truest things over and over again, and now and again someone succeeds — to our delight. But it is the old, the constant truth, which we are reminded of, and which doesn't change. Is it said beautifully? Sometimes.
New York, New York


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