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Home Page Potential Lawsuit Monster Energy Drink Deaths and Hospitalizations
Monster Energy Drink Deaths and Hospitalizations
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Monster Beverage has been sued for allegedly marketing its highly caffeinated Monster Energy Drink to kids, teenagers and young adults. A lawsuit filed by San Francisco city attorney Dennis Herrera (May 6, 2013) claims the Monster caffeine levels can lead to elevated blood pressure, seizures and cardiac arrest. In October 2012, the parents of 14-year-old Anais Fournier sued Monster after their daughter went into cardiac arrest and died after drinking two 24-ounce cans of Monster Energy drink in less than 24 hours.
The Monster Energy drink supposedly contains 240 mg of caffeine, about the equivalent of seven cups of coffee (some health experts say the caffeine content in energy drinks can be as high as 550 mg). It also contains other stimulants, including guarana, a natural caffeine-containing plant panax ginseng and taurine. In October 2012, a Consumer Reports investigation found that 27 of the most popular brands of energy drinks in the US contained a different amount of caffeine than was on the label, or did not list the amount of caffeine at all.
The FDA does not require energy drink companies, including Monster, to list the exact amount of caffeine on ingredient labels because the products are regulated as dietary food supplements instead of food. Energy drinks are also sold as nutritional supplements, even though they may not have any nutritional value. Because of this regulation, energy drinks may exceed the FDA-mandated limit of 71 milligrams of caffeine for a 12-ounce soda.
FDA Energy Drink Regulations
As well, the FDA does not allow soda to have more than 0.02 percent caffeine, but energy drinks aren't subject to this limit.
As of October 2012, the FDA said it is investigating five deaths and one nonfatal heart attack after people consumed Monster Energy drinks.
Monster Energy Drink Deaths and Hospitalizations
The US Drug Abuse Warning Network in 2011 reported a tenfold spike in emergency room visits involving energy drinks. Approximately 70 percent of cases involving teens from ages 12 to 17 going to ER was due to energy drinks itself - without drugs or alcohol. Most hospitalizations are caused by dehydration, heat exhaustion and heart problems. There is also evidence linking the drinks to cancer by frequently over-dosing on folic acid. A January 2013 update from DAWN indicates that from 2007 to 2011 the number of ER visits from energy drinks doubled, with 20,783 reported emergency room visits due to energy drink consumption in 2011.
The parents of Anais Fournier filed a wrongful death lawsuit against Monster Beverage, claiming their energy drink killed their 14-year-old daughter. Anais collapsed after consuming her second 24-ounce Monster Energy drink within a 24-hour period and died six days later. The cause of death was "cardiac arrhythmia due to caffeine toxicity complicating mitral valve regurgitation in the setting of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome."
In 2011, University of Miami researchers in the Journal of Pediatrics wrote that "energy drinks have no therapeutic benefit" and that "these drinks may put some children at risk for serious adverse health effects." Those health effects include cardiac arrhythmia or irregular heart rhythms and sudden death in children who may have hidden heart risks.
Energy Drinks Research and Studies
The National Collegiate Athletic Association, which represents more than 400,000 student-athletes at more than 1,000 North American colleges and universities, currently prohibits its member institutions from distributing caffeinated energy drinks to student-athletes. The NCAA has concluded that energy drinks "pose a health and safety risk for student-athletes," and "can have adverse health consequences if consumed before or during strenuous exercise." Pediatric studies have similarly found that the cardiovascular effects "of heavy caffeine use can be a significant source of morbidity in athletes," citing new-onset seizures, hypertension, heart palpitations and diuretic effects that can "lead to dehydration in athletes who do not drink enough fluids to compensate."
A study published by Pediatrics in February 2012 reported that children and teens who consume Monster and other energy drinks are at a heightened risk for: • Caffeine toxicity or poisoning • Dehydration • Heart palpitations • Cardiac arrest • High blood pressure • Death
It added that the risk of dangerous energy drink side effects is even greater for young people who already have heart problems, mood or behavioral disorders, seizures, or who take certain medications. In conclusion, the researchers said that "the known and unknown pharmacology of agents included in such drinks, combined with reports of toxicity, raises concern for potentially serious adverse effects in association with energy drink use. In the short term, pediatricians need to be aware of the possible effects of energy drinks in vulnerable populations and screen for consumption to educate families."
As well, further research is needed regarding how energy drinks affect at-risk populations. Researchers suggested that energy drink sales and consumption should be modified based on this research.
Shortly after Monster was sued by the Fournier family for the wrongful death of their daughter, the SAMHSA's Drug Abuse Warning Network issued a report that condemned energy drinks, linking their beverages to an increase of ER visits by children and teens. Monster then challenged the report by questioning the agency's information regarding the amount of caffeine in its drinks.
Monster Energy Drink Lawsuits
In October 2012, the FDA said it would investigate the five deaths associated with Monster drinks. The city of San Francisco began to investigate Monster's marketing and sales practices.
Monster then filed a lawsuit against City Attorney Dennis Herrera in federal court on April 29, 2013, for unfairly singling out the company and overstepping his authority, and claiming that Herrera's actions are unlawful. (People of the State of California v. Monster Beverage Corporation)
The beverage company argues that Herrera's investigation imposes his own personal views about the dangerousness of its products, usurps federal authority over such issues and makes demands that are out of his area of regulation. Further, his actions are preempted by federal law; they violate the company's rights to freedom of speech under the First Amendment, and they violate the Constitution's Commerce Clause by making special demands in California, thereby burdening interstate commerce.
The City of San Francisco then filed a lawsuit (May 6, 2013, in state court) alleging that Monster Beverage markets to children as young as six and therefore violates the California Labor Law; practices unfair competition; mislabels its products; and further violates state laws that regulate foods with additives. The complaint shows in the "Monster Army" social networking site children ages 6 and 11 holding the energy drinks. San Fran City Attorney Dennis Herrera said "Monster Energy is unique among energy drink makers for the extent to which it targets children and youth in its marketing, despite the known risks its products pose to young people's health and safety."
In addition, Herrera demands that Monster Beverage reimburse consumers by paying back all the money in product sales as a result of its alleged unlawful activities and also pay a $2,500 fine per each unlawful act.
A class-action lawsuit filed in California alleges that some of Monster Energy beverages have a "a toxic and potentially lethal ingredient" called "epicallocatechin-3-gallate," or ECGC, which has been associated with "dangerous hepatotoxic effects, including without limitation, death, acute liver failure, hepatitis and other liver injuries."
Energy drinks are currently the fastest-growing portion of the beverage market. According to Forbes, energy drink sales rose by more than 16 percent last year and Monster was in the lead, with 35 percent of the market. Monster drinks attract teens with their goth-inspired logo and names such as Java Monster, Lo-Carb Monster and Monster Rehab. The drinks are marketed in magazines and on billboards with slogans like "unleash the beast" and "the meanest energy supplement on the planet." And their banners are prominent at most extreme sports events. Some of the cans ironically tout the product's "killer buzz…"
About Monster Beverage Company
Monster Beverage, based in Corona, California, was formerly Hansen Beverage Company that mainly sold kids' fruit drinks. Its name changed to tap into the success of its energy drinks division. Energy drink sales skyrocketed by 240 percent between 2004 and 2009, with total sales of energy drinks and shots reaching over $12.5 billion in 2012. Monster has the largest market share, with a market capitalization of nearly $10 billion.
If you or a loved one has suffered similar damages or injuries, please click the link below and your complaint will be sent to a lawyer who may evaluate your claim at no cost or obligation.
Last updated on Nov-5-13
Do the Monster Math: Monster Energy Drinks
Washington, DC: About a year ago Monster Energy was hit with a wrongful death lawsuit by the parents of 14-year-old Anais Fournier. Since that time, LawyersandSettlements has received a number of complaints regarding Monster Energy Drink Injury, mainly from parents of young men who have suffered high blood pressure, heart attack and even death [READ MORE]
Regulators Ask Energy Drink Makers to Stop Marketing to Children
Farmington Hill, MI: Regulators have sent letters to the makers of energy drinks asking them to stop marketing their products to children and youth. The letters were sent following a hearing, held on July 31, 2013, before the United States Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, regarding concerns about Monster Energy and other energy drink companies [READ MORE]
Young Monster Drink Nation Not Conditioned to Super-Caffeine: Professor
Houston, TX: The immense popularity of energy drinks is at long last being met with increased scrutiny, say health advocates. And none too soon, given reports of Monster Energy Drink Deaths and Hospitalizations. To be fair, Monster is just one manufacturer amongst a host of players capitalizing on the energy drink phenomenon. Still, Monster is a market leader and has been tied to at least one death involving 14-year-old Anais Fournier [READ MORE]
Publish your Monster Energy Drink Injury experience here for our readers to learn from.
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Video: NBC Lester Holt, Long Version
Video by Sgt. 1st Class E. L. Craig
Celebrities, like singers and comedians, go to Afghanistan often to sing or tell jokes to the troops. Sgt. 1st Class E. L. Craig tells us about a celebrity visit that gave the troops a chance to say something. Includes sound bites from Lester Holt, NBC Anchor, Today Show and Lt. Col. Francis Piccoli, USMC, ISAF Joint Command. Also available in high definition.
This work, NBC Lester Holt, Long Version, by SFC E. L. Craig, identified by DVIDS, is free of known copyright restrictions under U.S. copyright law.
Date Taken:10.3.2012
Date Posted:10.3.2012 7:49AM
Video ID:157379
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I didnt like the hotel.
Traveling across country flying to atlanta then drove 5 hours to KY and checking in at 0500 in the morning wouldnt allow for a 1300 check out. I understand the need to turn rooms but one hour is something that should be negotiable based on my check in tim
Location and pet friendly
Internet access do not work
The cleanliness and the friendliness of the staff!
Very clean. Plenty of shopping and eating establishments as well as tourist attractions in the immediate vicinity. Very good breakfast.
Noise from highway traffic could be annoying in rooms on the front side of the hotel, although I was warned of this when I checked in. My wife wanted on the front side because of the view. Noise didn't bother me.
Clean; friendly staff
No pool
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Stopping smoking can make a big difference to your health and lifestyle. It is never too late to stop smoking to greatly benefit your health. For example, if you stop smoking in middle age, before having cancer or some other serious disease, you avoid most of the increased risk of death due to smoking. Help is available if you find it difficult to stop smoking.
This leaflet is part of our series on smoking
What are the health benefits of stopping smoking?
The benefits begin straight away.
You reduce your risk of getting serious disease no matter what age you give up. However, the sooner you stop, the greater the reduction in your risk. In fact, researchers have found that if you stop smoking before the age of 50 your risk of dying is virtually reduced that that of a non-smoker. Even if you give up after the age of 60, your risk of dying at any given age is reduced by about 39% compared to a person who carries on smoking.
- If you stop smoking you:
- Reduce the risk of getting serious smoking-related diseases such as heart disease, cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and peripheral vascular disease.
- Reduce the risk of getting various other conditions which, although not life-threatening, can cause unpleasant problems. For example: impotence (erection problems), fertility problems, optic neuropathy (a condition affecting the nerve supplying the eye), cataracts, macular degeneration (a breakdown of tissue at the back of the eye), psoriasis, gum disease, tooth loss, osteoporosis and Raynaud's phenomenon (fingers going white or blue when exposed to cold).
- Reduce the risk of pregnancy complications if you are pregnant.
- If you have smoked since being a teenager or young adult:
- If you stop smoking before the age of about 35, your life expectancy is only slightly less than it is for people who have never smoked.
- If you stop smoking before the age of 50, you decrease the risk of dying from smoking-related diseases by 50%.
- But it is never too late to stop smoking to gain health benefits. Even if you already have COPD or heart disease, your outlook (prognosis) is much improved if you stop smoking.
Timeline of health benefits after stopping smoking ...
|After ...
|Health Benefit ...
|72 hours
|Breathing becomes easier. Bronchial tubes begin to relax and energy levels increase.
|1 month
|Skin appearance improves, owing to improved skin perfusion.
|3-9 months
|Cough, wheezing, and breathing problems improve and lung function increases by up to 10%.
|1 year
|Risk of a heart attack falls to about half that of a smoker.
|10 years
|Risk of lung cancer falls to about half that of a smoker.
|15 years
|Risk of heart attack falls to the same level that it would be for someone who has never smoked.
Other benefits of stopping smoking
These include:
- Your breath won't smell any more of stale tobacco.
- The smell of stale tobacco will also go from your clothes, hair, and home.
- Foods and drinks taste and smell much better.
- Finances improve. You will save well over £2,000 per year if you smoked 20 a day.
- Better rates of insurance policies.
- You are likely to feel good about yourself.
How can I stop smoking?
- Doctors and patients can use Decision Aids together to help choose the best course of action to take.
- Compare the options »
About 2 in 3 smokers want to stop smoking. Some people can give up easily. Willpower and determination are the most important aspects when giving up smoking. However, nicotine is a drug of addiction and many people find giving up a struggle. Help is available.
- GPs, practice nurses, or pharmacists can provide information, encouragement, and tips on stopping smoking. Also, throughout the country there are specialist NHS 'Stop Smoking Clinics' which have a good success in helping people to stop smoking. Your doctor may refer you to one if you are keen to stop smoking.
- Various medicines can increase your chance of quitting. These include nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) which comes as gums, sprays, patches, tablets, lozenges, and inhalers. You can buy NRT without a prescription. Also, medicines called bupropion (trade name 'Zyban®') and varenicline (trade name 'Champix®') can help. These are available on prescription.
- There are also electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). They are designed to look and feel like normal cigarettes. They have a heating element inside that vapourises a solution - this looks like smoke. It may also contain nicotine. They are substituted for normal cigarettes or cigars. There is some uncertainty whether this is more effective than the other ways of stopping smoking. A recent research paper from The Lancet (see further reading below) showed that the e-cigarettes were as effective as nicotine patches. Further studies are needed to ensure they are safe to use over a length of time.
See separate leaflets called Nicotine Replacement Therapy, Bupropion (Zyban®) and Varenicline (Champix®) for more details.
Further help & information
Further reading & references
- Brief interventions and referral for smoking cessation, NICE (2006)
- Various factsheets and guidelines on smoking and smoking cessation, Action on Smoking and Health (various dates)
- Smoking Cessation Services; NICE Public Health Guidance (Feb 2008)
- Anekwe L; It's never too late to quit smoking, Best Health BMJ, 2011.
- Bullen C; Impact of tobacco smoking and smoking cessation on cardiovascular risk and Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2008 Jul;6(6):883-95.
- Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial; Lancet Online, Sept 2013
Disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. EMIS has used all reasonable care in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy. Consult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. For details see our conditions.
Original Author:
Dr Tim Kenny
Current Version:
Dr Laurence Knott
Peer Reviewer:
Dr John Cox
|Document ID:
4763 (v41)
Last Checked:
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Before the Sabres brass addressed the media Tuesday, the team's minor league affiliate held practice at the Sports Center at MCC. At the time, many players were eager to find out what their futures might hold in the organization. They're looking forward to the opportunity.
"Every time you'd hear something good, then it would go back ten steps. It was tough to hear that stuff," said Marcus Foligno.
But now that the National Hockey League lockout is over, opportunity will likely come knocking for players like Foligno, left winger for the Rochester Amerks.
"I'm excited. Obviously it was great having a taste last year, and to be back and hopefully make my way back into Buffalo, that's what I'm hoping for and looking forward to and we'll see what happens."
For the first time since the end of the lockout, the Amerks held practice Tuesday. And afterward, reacted to the news that there will be an NHL season, albeit a shortened one.
"I think it's great for the fans and everything. They're excited for the season, but I think the guys are pretty pumped over here," said TJ Brennan, defenseman.
"You got a little more step in your stride, the NHL's back so you're excited. You're definitely excited. You've got a chance to move up and play in the best league possible," Foligno said.
"That was probably our best practice all year, to tell you the truth," said Amerks coach Ron Rolston.
Rolston says the end of the lockout may have carried over onto the ice.
"I think that kind of sparks things. It sparks a lot of enthusiasm, it's kind of the light at the end of the tunnel because guys see enthusiasm because they're playing."
"Overall, I think it's been a positive thing for the mental state of our team," he said.
Just when the parent Buffalo Sabres will start making moves is anyone's guess at this point, but it'll happen soon. A lot depends on when a much shorter than usual training camp begins.
"I know just as much stuff as you guys, so... I don't know," said Brennan.
Players say that will bring opportunity; be it here, or in Buffalo. And joy in knowing the season won't be lost.
"I just know the lockout's over, NHL is back and I'll hopefully get a call," Foligno said.
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Battle For Wesnoth 1.12.0
The Land of Wesnoth
Your battleground is separated into three main areas: the northlands, that are mainly lawless, the kingdom of Wesnoth and its principality, Elensefar, and the domain of the Southwest Elves. The Kingdom of Wesnoth is in the center of the map and has borders with the Great River to the north, the Lower Hills in the east and south, the Ocean to the west and the Green Swamp to the southwest.
You can try to regain the throne of Wesnoth, of which you are also the legitimate heir, or use your powers to take control over the Undead and overshadow the land of mortals. You can also choose to take the lead of your famous Orchis tribe and fight against the humans who dared to conquer your lands.
Numerous units and player-driven gameplay
Battle For Wesnoth allow you to design your own custom units and even write your own scenario or full-blown campaigns. You can choose from over two hundred unit types, sixteen races and six major factions.
What is more, you can challenge your friends or players from around the world to engage in multi-player fantasy battles. All your experienced units will gain new abilities as the game progresses and you travel around the land.
Fierce creatures and varied landscape
Exploring the land is a good way to find numerous villages that you can use to heal your troops and increase your income. You'll have to cross rivers and mountains, travel through forests, tundra, grassland or hills.
Numerous creatures have adapted in order to live in each of the above mentioned environments and, as a result, can travel more easily and fight better when they are in a familiar land. Consequently, orcs and dwarves are more comfortable in the hills, underground caves and mountains, the elves dominate the forests while the rivers and oceans are controlled by the mermen and nagas.
Reviewed by George Popescu, last updated on November 17th, 2014
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- Intel only
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In a hurry? Add it to your Download Basket!
- Language and i18n:
- Updated translations: German, Russian
- Fixed encoding and other issues with the system default language option on builds using
- Boost.locale (bugs #22921, #22928).
Application descriptionBattle for Wesnoth is a fantastic and very interesting strategy game where you can battle for control of villages, usi...


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Insane Beat Boxer [Video]
January 31, 2013 2:46 PM
ALLi ThAt GiRL Read More
Good lawd the things this man can do with his mouth!!!
No idea who this dude is.
He's FRENCH I can tell you that.
I can also tell you that he possesses INSANE beat boxing skills!
Watch ya boy, with an electronic metronome, go through FOUR different SPEEDS as he spits.
Each time, he sets the beat faster and each time he totally OBLITERATES it.
The last one, he's going so fast, he actually looks BLURRY!
Ya know, I've been meaning to expand my dating pool to the INTERNATIONAL level.
And, since I did take four years of French in HIGH SCHOOL…
Salut homme sexy avec la langue d'or. Comment se porte sur une partie de ce stateside saveur? Je pense que toi et moi puissions buste battements beaux ensemble. Appelle-moi.


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- Oct 15, 2010
Aggressive engine downsizing held back by low-speed preignition problems?
SWRI will launch a consortium – the Preignition Prevention Program – focused on eliminating LSPI through advancements in fuels and lubricants. Joining the consortium comes at a cost, but it's open to a wide range of companies including, original equipment manufacturers ($225,000), engine component suppliers ($175,000) and those in the fuel and lubricants industries ($225,000). The consortium's initial meeting is scheduled for January 2011 and any patents developed throughout the course of the program will be accessible to all consortium members. Hit the jump for more on LSPI and its effect on engine downsizing.
[Source: Southwest Research Institute]
SwRI to launch Preignition Prevention Program (P3) Consortium
San Antonio - Oct. 6, 2010 - Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) will launch a new consortium focusing on fuels and lubricants to discover ways to suppress low-speed preignition (LSPI), a condition that causes heavy engine knock and can seriously damage engine parts or cause complete engine failure.
"The P3 Consortium will help us gain an understanding of fundamental issues of low-speed preignition. We are going to investigate interactions of fuels and lubricants to understand what role physical and chemical properties play in low-speed preignition," said Chris Chadwell, senior research engineer in the Advanced Combustion and Emissions Section in SwRI's Engine, Emissions and Vehicle Research Division. The consortium will develop control solutions and guidelines to prevent or reduce incidences of LSPI.
In LSPI, the fuel in the combustion chamber is ignited before the spark event, causing significantly advanced combustion phasing. Low-speed preignition events are random, infrequent occurrences that happen at low speed and high torque. Under these conditions, a preignition event leads to very heavy knock, which can cause catastrophic damage in only a few engine cycles. The consortium will study the interaction of fuels and lubricants and how they interact and contribute to LSPI.
"When you ignite the fuel too early, you have very high knock. These early ignition occurrences are very infrequent and random but can be quite destructive. The current solutions to get around the problem are very costly," Chadwell said. The consortium will look at the root causes and work to develop new lubricants and lubricant testing methods. The presence of low-speed preignition is considered a major impediment to automobile manufacturers' efforts to aggressively downsize engines to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
As an independent R&D laboratory, SwRI has extensive experience in managing consortia. The HEDGE-II consortium is developing high efficiency spark ignition engine technologies, and the Clean Diesel V consortium, now in its 19th consecutive year of research, is developing efficiency and emissions solutions for future diesel engines.
Cost to join the P3 Consortium is $225,000 for original equipment manufacturers and those in the fuels and lubricants industry. For engine component suppliers the fee is $175,000.
An advantage of consortium membership is that the impact of the yearly contribution is multiplied by the number of participants, providing substantially more research than would be possible through funding from a single member. Additionally, consortium members will have the right to access any patents that are produced from the consortium's work.
The initial meeting for the Preignition Prevention Program Consortium is scheduled for January 2011.


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Future Energy Predictions
ACCORDING to a study by oil giant BP, energy consumption in developed countries in 2030 will be only slightly higher than today, while consumption in emerging markets will double.
The BP Energy Outlook 2030 provides their projections for future energy trends, estimating that world primary energy consumption grew by 45 percent over the past 20 years, while over the next two decades it predicts growth of 19 percent.
The Outlook also forecasts global energy consumption will average 1.7 percent a year from 2010 to 2030, with growth decelerating gently from 2020 onward.
Countries outside of the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) area are expected to see an energy consumption rise of 68 percent, or more, by 2030, averaging 2.6 percent a year growth from 2010. If correct it would mean non-OECD countries will account for 93 percent of global energy growth over the next 20 years.
The report detailed that in OECD countries energy consumption will be just 6 percent higher than today, with growth averaging 0.3 percent to 2030. More surprisingly, OECD energy consumption per head is forecast to decline by 0.2 percent per year.
Energy intensity, measured as energy per unit of GDP, will improve at an increasing rate. BP state this trend will reduce overall growth of primary energy globally in almost all key countries and regions.
The Outlook also predicts that the mix of fuels is likely to shift slowly, due to the long lifetimes of energy-consuming assets. Gas and non-fossil fuels are predicted to gain share at the expense of coal and oil.
Picture by Richard Croft
Monday 24th January 2011
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i am blessing by name also from Sudan but live at Senegal, so an looking for a serious love to be my
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Protest Against The Rape Of Five Year Old Girl In Delhi
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Activists of several groups forming a human chain during protest... News Photo 167097908Activist,Chain,Child,Commissioner,Dealing,Delhi,Demanding,Girls,Group,Horizontal,India,Insensitivity,Neeraj Kumar,New Delhi,Old,People,Police Force,Protest,Quitting a Job,Sexual Assault,Social Issues,Violence,formingPhotographer Hindustan TimesCollection: Hindustan Times 2013 Hindustan TimesNEW DELHI, INDIA - APRIL 20: Activists of several groups forming a human chain during protest outside Delhi Police Head Quarter demanding resignation of police commissioner Neeraj Kumar after a brutal rape of 5 year old girl and alleged police insensitivity in dealing with it on April 20, 2013 in New Delhi, India. A five year girl went missing on April 15 and was found on April 17 in same building where she lives with her parents. She was found in serious condition after being brutally raped and tortured with slashed neck and bite marks on her body. The man who lives in that room was arrested today in Bihar state. (Photo by Arijit Sen/Hindustan via Getty ImagesTimes)


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Since the first day of OTA's, Buffalo Bills head coach Chan Gailey has stated the starting quarterback position would be an open competition between incumbent Trent Edwards, Brian Brohm and Ryan Fitzpatrick. It's plausible that at least in Gailey's mind, this is true. However, if it is, Brohm is the equivalent of bringing a knife to a gun fight.
The Bills are now halfway through the preseason. Brohm didn't see a single snap in the opener at Washington and by the time he entered the game against Indianapolis this past Thursday in Toronto, the starters were already long gone; most having traded in their helmets and shoulder pads for a freshly fitted baseball cap.
Maybe Brohm isn't the answer anyway to the team's quarterback woes that have plagued them in recent years. He was a college standout at Louisville and a second round draft pick of the Green Bay Packers in 2008, but failed to be out Matt Flynn in Green Bay for the backup job to Aaron Rodgers. He clearly wasn't valued by the Packers organization when the Bills signed him. they could've kept him their property simply by promoting him to the active roster, but didn't. That's telling in itself.
Still, it's impracticable to argue that in this "competition", Brohm isn't playing against a stacked deck.
Gailey should give Brohm a real chance to win the starting job if it's truly open. Why does Edwards get the luxury of evaluation while handing the ball off to C.J. Spiller and playing catch with Lee Evans. Meanwhile, Brohm looks behind him and sees Chad Simpson in the backfield and is calling routes for the likes of David Jones, Aaron Rhea and Naaman Roosevelt.
It extends to the offensive line as well. Edwards has the full repertoire of starting linemen at his disposal. Sure, they're a unit under intense scrutiny, but compared to the reserves they may as well be the Bills line of 20 years ago. Meanwhile, This was the line that had the duty of protecting Brohm when he entered last Thursday; Jamon Meredith, Nick Hennessey, Christian Gaddis, Cordaro Howard, and Kirk Chambers. Meredith is the blue-chip prospect of the group, being a fifth round draft pick and all. Chambers is the only other player who was even drafted; selected in the sixth round by Cleveland in 2004.
The most maddening thing about Edwards is there's nothing we've seen this summer that doesn't revolve around the same pattern every fan, critic and those indifferent haven't seen the past few years. Sure, if you give him time to throw the ball and Evans gets 10 yards behind his defender, Edwards will deliver a potent dart for a touchdown. But get some pressure on him and Edwards will fold like a tent. Commit an early turnover and it's the last chance you'll see him take all day.
If it takes poise and brilliance to deliver a two yard pass to Fred Jackson or Derek Schouman on third and 11, then Edwards is a genius.
There's also the durability factor. Color me befuddled if Gailey thinks Edwards can hold up for a full season given his past three. That goes double for 2010 with the pair of offensive tackles the Bills are on the verge of trotting out for the season opener. Robert Mathis used Cornell Green like a turnstile during a first quarter pass attempt this past Thursday. He nearly decapitated Edwards' head, but settled for knocking his helmet clean off .
It's not what most Bills fans want to hear, but it is what it is— this is a woeful offensive line excluding a pair of young guards with potential. It's not the kind of line you can trust an injury prone quarterback like Edwards with.
Maybe over the long haul Brohm wouldn't be any better. Given the track record of Bills quarterbacks since No. 12 hung up his cleats, it's highly likely a prolonged Brohm starting campaign would produce similar mediocre results the past several signal callers have enjoyed. Still, he deserves a fair shake, and it doesn't look like he's getting it anytime soon.
For Brohm, the best case scenario would be a chance to earn a starting gig after the Bills fifth game. The team has a bye that week and with a brutal early schedule, they could easily have just one win headed into the break. That could be Brohm's one, and perhaps only chance to show this staff he should be running the offense.
Then again, It's not even a lock he'll be on the roster come opening day. We've neglected to mention a peep about Fitzpatrick,. because he's never truly been in any starting quarterback equation. However, as we wrote before camp started there's a fair chance if Brohm couldn't beat out Edwards he'd get released. Fitzpatrick doesn't have the overall tools and certainly not the live arm Brohm possesses, but what he does have is a certain degree of savvy, a lot more playing experience and perhaps most important— the mindset to fully embrace a backup role.
Brohm has only appeared in one of two preseason games with Cincinnati up next on the schedule on Saturday. If Gailey is truly serious about evaluating Brohm, then he, not Edwards should be taking the snaps with the first team.
He played well enough against the Colts to warrant further review.


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Playlist: Chill Out, Dude
Songs to have a chill weekend by. Read More »
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Selections from Nirvana's top 50 favorite bands. Read More »
Playlist: Shmoopy Love
We're head over heels for Jessica's lovey dovey mix. Read More »
This time of year makes me seriously sleepy, what with the sun going down in the middle of the afternoon and everything. That's why I've put together a mix that reflects the quiet, lazy vibe of the weekend. And because we imagine you, like us, are going to spend at least part of the next few days at your childhood home, we've included some oldies that might remind you of the stuff you listened to in high school. From Belle & Sebastian to College to the Cocteau Twins and more, we hope you enjoy!


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Subscriber Services
Center City
Ice Cream
To Feed The Multitudes: 1,400 Loaves, 0 Loafers
May 28, 1992
By Joyce Vottima Hellberg, INQUIRER CORRESPONDENT
The shopping list includes: 200 dozen eggs 500 pounds of chicken and ham 175 pounds of cream cheese 300 pounds of vegetables 50-60 gallon containers of mayonnaise 1,400 loaves of bread Fortunately Cyndee Sammons does not have to carry all of it home. But she does have to make the food - about 35,000 tea sandwiches for the Devon Horse Show and Country Fair. She started at 6:30 Friday morning in the kitchen of St. Luke's Church in Devon and will work until midnight every night of the show.
Shank's sandwiches
September 10, 2009
You can obviously take Shank's out of the Italian Market - though the cramped new Center City edition of this luncheonette will never have the old neighborhood feeling of the Carpenter Street original. But as long as the founding Perri family's women are still cooking, you can't take the Italian Market soul out of Shank's menu. Bringing along the heart of this kitchen was the plan when new owner Marcello Ciurlino moved the popular lunch spot north this summer, and it's payed off with sandwiches that exude a genuine South Philly savor.
The sandwich column - it is now toast
March 26, 2003
By LAUREN MCCUTCHEON For the Daily News
A couple hundred years ago, a Brit named Earl - actually, his name was John and he was an earl - had a gambling problem. He loved gambling so much he refused to stop playing cards to eat lunch. So, a clever cook came up with a complete meal that John could consume quickly, and without getting his hands - or his cards - dirty. The cook slapped some cold meat between two slices of bread and served it to his boss. Nobody remembers the name of John's cook. But we all know John as the Earl of Sandwich.
Fast Lunch: Microwaved Sandwiches
January 4, 1989
By Jean Anderson and Elaine Hanna, Special to The Inquirer
When winter winds howl and you need to get lunch on the table fast, why not a hot microwaved sandwich? It will be ready in minutes, and you need only add a soup or salad, a glass of milk and fruit for dessert to round out the meal. You should know, however, that not all sandwiches are candidates for the microwave. Open-faced meat or poultry sandwiches, cheese melts, stuffed rolls and heroes all microwave superbly. But grilled sandwiches fare better on the stovetop, and filled croissants do better in a regular oven because microwaving makes them soggy.
After 40 hot sandwiches, the best ones were
July 15, 2010
By Peter Mucha, Inquirer Staff Writer
It's a list to make Philly sandwich lovers drool. Or is it a half-dozen lists rolled up into one chewer-friendly guide? WIP midday cohost Glen Macnow has finished his Hot Specialty Sandwich Safari - his sixth annual great-food hunt - and declared the top six that will face a panel of slobbering celebrity judges next Thursday. The public is invited to attend the event - and try free samples, starting about 11 a.m. - at the Fieldhouse, 11th and Filbert Streets, next to Reading Terminal Market.
No Beer Here, Just Sandwiches And Poetry
June 20, 1991
By Kevin McKinney, Special to The Inquirer
It was poetry reading night at the recently opened Cafe Flix on North Church Street in West Chester. A man with long brown hair squeezed his way through the crowd up to the old wooden bar, where countless draft beers and shots of whiskey used to be served. He ordered a six-pack to go. "We don't serve alcohol," Dave Shur, owner of the cafe, informed the patron from behind the bar. The man seemed momentarily stunned. He stared into the glass-front refrigerator that for years had been stocked with assorted beers.
Natalie Braunstein Folkman, 92; Fixed Sandwiches For The Homeless
February 8, 1995
By Barbara J. Richberg, INQUIRER STAFF WRITER
Natalie Braunstein Folkman, 92, who at age 86 moved out of her large home in Reading into a small high-rise apartment in Philadelphia and got around Center City on a small, collapsible bicycle, died Saturday at her residence. Mrs. Folkman was born and raised in Coatesville. Her parents sent her to Philadelphia every Sunday to attend Sunday school at Congregation Keneseth Israel on North Broad Street. In her later years, when she lived in the city, she used to go on walks and give out sandwiches to homeless people.
Have A Bite: Stylish Little Sandwiches For The Afternoon Repast
December 16, 1987
By Andrew Schloss, Special to The Inquirer
Tea sandwiches are as many and varied as the baked goods that crowd the table for Afternoon Tea. At a minimum, there are fingers of bread lacquered with sweet butter and a pot of jelly or honey nearby. But there might also be cucumber sandwiches made of thin disks of bread primed with a glaze of butter and shingles of cucumber laid on top. Potted shrimp or ham might be spread on toast, or slices of tomato and grated cheese on a length of french bread. There is likely a pile of buns filled with sausage, cheese or deviled meats, and tiny squares of white bread spread with herb butter and smoked fish.
A World Beyond Peanut Butter, Jelly Sandwiches
December 5, 1993
By Rena Coyle, FOR THE INQUIRER
Lunch no longer has to be a simple peanut butter and jelly sandwich. There are many other enjoyable yet easy lunches that your children can make for themselves. Crunchy Tuna Melts are a favorite sandwich among youngsters as well as adults. The sandwiches are served hot, but will keep their crispy crunch from the sprouts tucked underneath the well-seasoned tuna salad. These sandwiches can be made in advance and then warmed when your children are ready for lunch. Corn Dogs are common carnival food.
Elementary Students Get To Work And Win Sandwiches For Menu
January 3, 1991
By Wendy Greenberg, Special to The Inquirer
Students who can't stomach the thought of another school cafeteria lunch are fighting back. Even elementary school students are standing up to steamed cauliflower and meat loaf. In Springfield School District, Enfield Elementary School students successfully fought what they termed "The Great Sandwich Revolution" under fifth grade teacher Diane Carson. When District Food Services Director Diane Terrenzio took salads off the menu in a cost-cutting move, students complained there were not enough alternatives to the main platter.
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'MasterChef' victor dishes on her big win
September 18, 2014
By Molly Eichel
CENTER CITY resident Courtney Lapresi took home the crown Monday night on "MasterChef," the Gordon Ramsay-hosted Fox competition show pitting amateur cooks against one another. Lapresi, who majored in dance performance at the University of the Arts, said that her artistic background allowed her to take on the challenges presented to her on "MasterChef. " "Fifteen to 20 years of dance performance prepares you for high-intensity competition," she said. "I'm used to feeling nervous and jittery.
The sex is meaty, but so is her sandwich
August 22, 2014
By Steve and Mia
Q. I am a vegan. I'm finding this is an issue for some women I date. Take this one girl: She brought a big, greasy cheesesteak to my apartment after I invited her to come watch a movie with me. It stank my whole place up. She sat there and ate the whole thing. It didn't stop us from getting busy, but later after she left, I wondered how to take it. Should I have said something? Mia: She knew you were vegan and brought a big, stinky meat sandwich over to eat in your presence. Dude, that was her way of giving you her middle finger.
Matt & Marie's offers new take on Italian sandwich
July 18, 2014
NICOLE MARIE CAPP, 26, and Justin Matt Sapolsky, 28, both of Center City, are co-founders of Matt & Marie's Italian Sandwiches on 18th Street near Arch. The two are Wharton MBA graduates and were finalists in the 2013-14 Wharton Business Plan Competition. In 2013, Matt & Marie's began as a catering business but this year shifted to a brick-and-mortar store that opened on June 30. I spoke with Capp. Q: How'd you come up with the idea for Matt & Marie's? A: Matt and I both wanted to open up a place in the fast-casual space with Italian sandwiches.
A $75,000 egg sandwich paid for by Pa. taxpayers
April 10, 2014
By Amy Worden, Inquirer Harrisburg Bureau
HARRISBURG - It could be one of the priciest egg sandwiches ever made - yet never eaten. And Pennsylvania taxpayers are footing the bill. A long-running court battle between a Harrisburg restaurant owner and a former member of Gov. Corbett's cabinet over the preparation of an egg sandwich has ended with a $75,000 settlement, court records show. The state's payout to Richard Hanna, finalized late last month, came more than two years after he accused the commonwealth and then-Health Secretary Eli Avila of retaliating against him for the way Hanna had cooked the new cabinet member's egg one morning in 2011.
Teenage bullies take raps for roughing up boy for sandwich
March 7, 2014
BY STEPHANIE FARR, Daily News Staff Writer email@example.com, 215-854-4225
A 12-YEAR-OLD BOY was jumped, assaulted and robbed by four teens who stole his sandwich and french fries Friday in Upper Darby, according to police. Police Superintendent Michael Chitwood said yesterday that the 12-year-old victim, who is a "real nice neighborhood kid," was coming out of a convenience store on Long Lane near Clinton Road about 5 p.m. when four "morons" hit him, knocked him to the ground and "thumped" him. They stole the food, the only possessions the boy had on him, Chitwood said.
Chick Wit: Empowered against the disabled
September 30, 2013
By Lisa Scottoline, Inquirer Columnist
It's the rich versus the handicapped. Guess who's winning. Bingo. I read it in the paper. The first incident I read about took place in Newport, R.I., where there are stately mansions owned by families like the Vanderbilts, who got here a long time before the Scottolines. The Vanderbilts came over on the Mayflower, in contrast to my ancestors, who took the bus. With about 10 transfers. Anyway, according to the news story, lots of tourists go see the mansions in Newport, so many that somebody proposed to build a visitor center with handicapped-accessible ramps and bathrooms.
Fat Sandwiches moving on from Rutgers parking lot
August 12, 2013
By Rita Giordano, Inquirer Staff Writer
NEW BRUNSWICK, N.J. - Rutgers University's storied grease trucks are pulling up stakes from Parking Lot 8 after about 20 years. By the end of Aug. 15, they have to vacate the premises. Contrary to rumor, they won't be gone. Rutgers spokesman E.J. Miranda said the university was in discussions with the owners of the five trucks to offer them space in other locations on Rutgers' various campuses. The university wants the land for a new, 500-bed student residence with retail space.
Doughnut sandwich: Fa(s)t food
June 6, 2013
EVEN as fast-food chains tout their healthy offerings, they're also coming up with fatty new treats to keep customers interested. Case in point: Dunkin' Donuts is adding a doughnut breakfast sandwich to its national menu starting tomorrow. Dunkin' Donuts says that the Glazed Donut Breakfast Sandwich clocks in at 360 calories, which is less than the 390 calories for the turkey sausage sandwich it recently introduced. The latest concoction may seem to conflict with fast-food chains' efforts to attract people who say they want fresher, wholesome food.
Good Taste: Sardine sandwich at Corner Foodery
May 9, 2013
The Foodery once set the bar for Philadelphia's mix-and-match beer bottle shops with a vast wall of fridges brimming with hundreds of high-end brews. Its latest outlet - the Corner Foodery near Rittenhouse Square - takes the bottle shop to a new level again, but with a handcrafted sit-down menu to accompany those bottles, 700 of which owner Tony Rim has stocked in the gleaming fridges. But chef John Taus, of Corner Restaurant fame, has created his own draw, a serious sandwich board built from largely house-made charcuterie, from the fennel sausage to the exceptional mortadella that he fries up with an egg. My favorite, though, was the sandwich of house-cured Spanish sardines, seared and set on a seeded bun with pickled cauliflower florets and spreadable "nduja" Calabrian salami.
Chicken Salad Sandwich
April 11, 2013
Makes 4 cups of chicken salad or 6 sandwiches For the chicken salad: 1 whole chicken, approximately 3 pounds Diamond Crystal kosher salt 4 scallions, finely chopped 3 stalks celery, finely chopped 1 cup mayonnaise Freshly ground black pepper For the sandwich: Schmaltz 12 slices challah Gribenes Cucumber pickles Pickled cherry peppers 1. Make the chicken salad:...
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Singer Clarence "Frogman" Henry is 76.
Actor Maurice Roëves ("The Last of the Mohicans," "Judge Dredd") is 76.
Political campaign consultant and TV political commentator Ed Rollins is 70.
Singer Ruth Pointer of the Pointer Sisters is 67.
Actress Glenn Close is 66.
Movie producer and studio executive Harvey Weinstein is 61.
Actor Bruce Willis is 58.
Kansas City Chiefs head coach Andy Reid is 55.
Singer Terry Hall of the Specials is 54.
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ADNOC Distribution is an integrated energy company. Founded in 1973, ADNOC Distribution markets and distributes petroleum products and services within the United Arab Emirates and internationally. As one of the largest and most innovative government-owned petroleum companies in the Arab Gulf, ADNOC Distribution is renowned and respected for the exceptional quality and reliability of its products and services.
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Childish Gambino Tickets
Get your Childish Gambino tickets on viagogo, your online ticket marketplace. Choose an event to see the selection of tickets available or check the Childish Gambino tour on the map to locate the nearest event to you. You can also sell your spare tickets on viagogo, and listing tickets is free. All Childish Gambino tickets are covered by the viagogo Ticket Guarantee!
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Small-business development key focus of Governor's Economic Summit last week
"Small businesses need a break and these hearings can help with the rising costs of health-insurance," said Governor Patrick. "These hearings will help us get to the root causes."
The Governor called for special sessions on group purchasing cooperatives on October 20 th as part of four reforms targeting the large increases in health insurance premiums carried by small businesses and individuals. Group purchasing cooperatives would allow small businesses and individuals to combine their purchasing power and seek lower premiums through a larger entity, while also including protection from membership restrictions and allow the cooperatives to choose and sponsor their own health products and health promotions.
The hearings will be held on Tuesday, November 10 th, for a general discussion of small group laws; Tuesday, November 17 th, to consider guarantee issues, product design, and rating rules; Tuesday, December 1 st, to consider health promotion programs; Tuesday, December 8 th, to consider consumer protections; and Tuesday, December 15 th, to discuss other concerns. All the sessions start at 1:00 p.m. in Meeting Room B, at the Division of Insurance offices on the fifth floor of One South Station.
"I am pleased that pro-active steps are being taken to help address the cost of providing employee health insurance, which has become a major concern for small businesses," said Senator Michael O. Moore, Chair of the Committee on Community Development and Small Business. "I am happy to support any measure that has the potential to save businesses money, while enabling them to provide health coverage to their employees. In these tough economic times, it is crucial that the Commonwealth do what it can to help small businesses succeed."
"Traveling across the state on a listening tour, I have heard a consistent, persistent, and clear plea from small business owners: 'Find a way to lower our sky rocketing health care costs,'" Representative Linda Dorcena Forry, Chair of the Joint Committee on Community Development and Small Business, said. "I applaud Governor Patrick for his efforts and look forward to working with him on this issue."
In October, standing alongside business leaders and small business owners, Governor Deval Patrick unveiled key recommendations aimed at reducing health care costs for small employers while maintaining access to quality care for employees, including the hearings being announced today. The series of reforms addressed a top concern of small business owners - who in recent years have been burdened by double-digit premium increases - and reflect the administration's ongoing commitment to collaborate with the business community on solutions to speed the state's economic recovery.
In addition to the hearings, the Governor announced last month that the administration will file legislation amending small-group rating rules, giving the Division of Insurance expanded power to annually eliminate any unnecessary administrative costs and align factors in ways that could reduce the premiums charged to most small businesses. The administration also announced its intention to file legislation to expand the Division of Insurance's authority over health insurance premiums, ensuring that company rates are reviewed before going into effect and allowing the agency to disapprove rates if they are deemed unreasonable in relation to the benefits provided.


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Cheesy mustard mash
By Jane Hornby
Cooking timePrep: 10 mins Cook: 25 mins
Skill levelEasy
ServingsServes 4
Serve up a side that's lower in fat than most mash recipes, plus has a crispy cheddar cheese topping and thyme flavour
Nutrition and extra info
Additional info
- Freezable
- Vegetarian
- Healthy
Nutrition info
Nutrition per serving
- kcalories
- 275
- protein
- 9g
- carbs
- 41g
- fat
- 8g
- saturates
- 4g
- fibre
- 5g
- sugar
- 2g
- salt
- 0.6g
- 1kg Maris Piper potatoes, cut into large chunks
- 4 tbsp low-fat crème fraîche
- 50g very strong cheddar, grated
- 2 tbsp wholegrain mustard
- 1 tbsp thyme leaf
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Want to know how this works? Read all about it here.
- Boil the potatoes in salted water for 20 mins or until tender, then drain.
- Heat the grill to high. Mash the potatoes until smooth, then beat in the crème fraîche and half the cheese. Season to taste, then spoon the hot mash into a medium baking dish and smooth the top.
- Mix together the rest of the cheese, the mustard and thyme leaves. Spread over the mash with a spatula or the back of a spoon. Grill until the cheese is melting and golden, then serve with the beef.
Recipe from Good Food magazine, February 2013
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Burton Durand is an art director / illustrator from Lafayette, LA and creator of Horse_eComics, a webcomic devoted to interpreting @Horse_ebooks tweets into comic strips.
Drawing from an early age, Burt went on to be a cartoonist in the University of Louisiana at Lafayettes campus newspaper. In 2005 he started a career as a graphic designer and freelance illustrator. In late 2011, he had the silly idea to start drawing comics inspired by Twitters most beloved spambot, @Horse_ebooks.
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WE'RE THE MILLERS Review
by Matt Goldberg Posted 1 year, 136 days ago
The quaint idea of the nuclear family is one that's been skewered a thousand different ways. It's a portrait of American domesticity that never really existed except on television in the 1950s. We're the Millers tries to knock the nuclear family ideal and yet feels strangely beholden to it. Filled with hilarious, mean-spirited comedy, Rawson Marshall Thurber's movie swings between a cold, dead heart completely immune from sentimentality and then over to a mushy center where characters inadvertently bond and learn important life lessons. The space in between is filled with plenty of great jokes that you'll struggle to remember mere moments after leaving the theater.


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Would you be willing to answer a few brief questions about PlayStation Forums?
You get to play it as long as your PS+ subscription is valid. So your PS+ expires in 90 days, you get to play for 90 days; if it expires in 6 days, you get to play for 6 days.
You may be thinking about game trials; they are good for 1 hr. As long as Infamous 2 is in the "game locker" and available to PS+ subscribers, you are golden.
PS - Welcome to the PS Community.
If I downloaded a game as a Playstation+ member (back in June 2011 ; but I already deleted the game) ,and now I want to renew my membership,will I still be able to download said game? It doesn't seem to show up in my history of downloads..I guess it appears there when I renew my membership?
Whoops,my bad I didn't read the older posts,this has already been answered
Yes; incorrect expiration date is just a stupid PS+ bug that Sony hasn't bothered to fix. You can either start playing a PS+ game, and the expiration date will get updated, or start to download it again.
PS - Welcome to the PS Community.
Yes - You have access to everything currently available to PS+ subscribers. If for whatever reason - say on Sep 1 - a game like infamous 2 is removed, as long as you have previously "purchased" it for "free" you can continue to play it as long as you are a PS+ subscriber.
Is there a way to check how much time is left on your PS+ subscription? Even if there is no penalty for letting it expire before reupping I would still like to know if it's possible. Thanks.
Yes, subaccounts have access to everything except account specific items such as avatars. Just use the master account to download PS+ games and the subaccounts can use them without issue.
PS - Welcome to the PlayStation Community!


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Quality and Testing
Passing the Test
by Lisa Bonnema, Managing Editor
As appliance producers strive to meet internal quality goals and standards on a national and international level, they are turning to their testing suppliers to provide the latest in equipment and services to help them pass the ultimate test - that of the consumer.
Instrumented impact testing is one testing category that is still relatively new to the appliance industry, according to testing equipment supplier Instron Corporation. This type of testing allows for simulation of real-life situations such as an actual impact event. Pictured is an impact test of a personal digital assistant (PDA) using Inston's Dynatup Drop Impact System. The system performs tests by simulating the exact velocity and force the small appliance will experience upon being dropped. First, pneumatic grips imitate human fingers. The appliance is then dropped repeatedly in various positions onto a load sensor, and the sensor duplicates various floor surfaces such as wood, bathroom tile, and concrete. The data captured from this test shows how durable the appliance is, and how it will respond to being dropped once or 50 times, the company says.
Appliance makers have much to consider when implementing quality and testing processes into their production lines - compliance with the latest standards, harmonization with their overseas markets, and keeping up with competitors who are one by one making Six Sigma the expectation rather than the exception. Add equipment updates, qualified manpower, and productivity to that list, and it's easy to see how one might forget the reason for it all - the consumer.
In order to keep their focus on the end user, some appliance producers are starting to actually include consumers in their quality and testing processes. "There is a strong trend toward working directly with the consumer in product testing," says Michael Kuntz, director of Global Engineering Services, Whirlpool Corporation. "Engineers are making their test labs 'consumer friendly,' inviting end consumers into their labs for direct consumer opinion," he adds.
"There are also a growing number of tests in consumers' homes," Mr. Kuntz continues. "Data acquisition can be small and easy to hide. Phone connections back to the lab let engineers observe actual usage patterns without disturbing the customer."
Mr. Kuntz also says that testing is starting to go beyond basic performance and life testing. "Testing patterns are also starting to emphasize fail modes under extreme customer usage," he explains. "These tests help ensure customer safety even under the most unusual conditions…and can take the form of either unusual product usage or forced failure analysis."
One testing method that is starting to follow this trend is impact testing, according to Frank Lio, product manager, Instron Corporation (Grove City, PA, U.S.). "Many designers and materials engineers are becoming increasingly aware that the old methods for checking impact resistance (how well their product can take a drop or hit) are just inadequate. The older methods involve simply dropping a ball through a guided tube (a Gardner Test), or even less sophisticated, simply dropping a product from different heights and then inspecting for damage."
Instead, Mr. Lio adds, manufacturers are starting to use simulation of real-life use conditions, keeping in mind the types of situations that can happen in end use. He explains: "What happens when that can of soda falls off the top shelf and hits the refrigerator bottom when the whole appliance is running at a low temperature? The refrigerator must be able to withstand that impact, but plastics exhibit a ductile to brittle behavior. That is, the plastic becomes brittle when the temperature drops. At the same time, the molding process and design is to develop as thin of a 'shell' liner as possible to save material and weight. And would a white plastic shell perform differently than a different colored shell? Additives can change how a material reacts to an impact event and must be identified through testing."
In the end, he adds, the key - and the challenge - is thinking like the consumer. "Quality is not only real, but also perceived," Mr. Lio offers. "A dent on a washer surface may have absolutely no effect on the appliance's operation, but consumers might think otherwise."
Moving On
Manufacturers continue to face the challenge of incorporating quality and testing into the production process without negatively effecting productivity. "Quality testing continues to be given a high priority when it comes to improving manufacturing processes in the HVAC industry," says Mike Richey, president of HVAC testing equipment supplier Serv-I-Quip, Inc. (Downingtown, PA, U.S.). "Our current business climate has put a greater emphasis on improving productivity in order to maintain or increase profits. Quality is an important part of productivity. The companies that are increasing market share are the companies that are emphasizing quality as an integral part of their productivity goals," he says.
Increased productivity, he adds, often means combining multiple quality tests into a single station and test cycle and using sophisticated testing equipment and processes that allow for faster leak testing cycles, faster refrigerant charging, and automatic tooling connect and disconnect.
Jim Richards of QuadTech (Maynard, MA, U.S.) agrees. "The trend in electrical safety testing of appliances is to do it fast, efficient, and safe," he tells APPLIANCE. "In today's production environment, this implies automation, testers that can be controlled remotely, programmed for repetitive testing, and the data logging of results when necessary."
Dwayne David, technical services manager for Associated Research (Lake Forest, IL, U.S.) says that automated electrical safety testing is a trend his company has been seeing for years. "With automation, customers can set up and run several tests through software and with one connection to the Device Under Test (DUT). This can greatly decrease production test time. In many cases, appliance producers are required to perform hipot tests, ground bond tests, and functional run tests. Now, through automation, a customer can run all these tests through a single setup with a single connection. This allows a customer to test to electrical safety requirements and monitor minimum and maximum readings for voltage, current, watts, power factor, and leakage current all at the same test station," he explains. "This has been a big advantage to some of our consumer appliance makers, who have been able to incorporate electrical safety testing and functional run testing. With this technology and automation they were able to reduce test time, improve test reliability, and increase their throughput by a significant percentage."
According to testing certification company Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (Northbrook, IL, U.S.), updating testing equipment and automating processes are critical in order to keep up with the demands of the appliance industry. "As product development times continue to shorten, there is increasing pressure to reduce testing time," says Ted Hall, UL's chief technology officer. "The major trend is to automate testing processes for appliances, with corresponding benefits in time, accuracy, and portability of testing. PC-based automation systems have resulted in more connectivity and extended use of equipment and chambers for testing."
In response to the growing use of ground bond testing, Slaughter Company (Lake Forest, IL, U.S.) developed the 2630 ground bond tester. The device is the company's first ground bound tester to include microprocessor technology and also features a liquid crystal display, menu driven software, and stored memory locations.
"We have seen more and more companies turn to testing the protective ground circuit of their appliances; therefore, companies are now performing Ground Bond tests as a part of their production line applications," explains Tim Collins, sales coordinator. "This is a trend that we are seeing despite the fact that no agency specifications call for 100-percent production line testing. The Ground Bond test checks the ground system of the Device Under Test (DUT). The purpose is to make sure it can adequately handle the fault current if the product should fail."
Quality Processes
One way appliance makers are speeding up the testing phase without sacrificing quality is by working closely with suppliers to merge their quality operations with actual production. "Many customers are integrating their quality testing directly into the point of production to ensure a defect is not passed to the next station," confirms Tom Wagner, senior account manager for Sterling PCU (Dayton, OH, U.S.), a supplier to the commercial refrigeration industry. "For example, by using Nitrogen Burst testing of coils before they are assembled, a customer can eliminate a bad coil being assembled into the product. A helium charge and sniff can indicate a leak in a system before a refrigerant charge is applied. Some customers looking for the next step in quality control are analyzing the viability of Residual Gas Analysis. This method analyzes the signature of gases in a vacuum stream as the product is evacuated. This can help a manufacturer scrutinize their supply chain to verify if there is contamination upstream from their factory."
He adds that in a full-scale production line system, a unit should be required to pass the previous station prior to being processed at the next station.
Italian testing supplier AEA recently developed a new process for on-line quality control of refrigerators. The automatic system is based on thermal imaging of the condenser and the compressor using an IR thermal camera, a PC, and software for the analysis and classification of the captured images. Once the refrigerator arrives in the testing station, a thermal image is taken and is processed in a few seconds. Hotter objects emit more IR energy, and the camera measures these differences as gray levels and displays them in varying colors.
The main advantages of the system, according to AEA, are convenience and extreme time reductions. "Up until now, on-line quality control is based mainly on the measurement of temperatures taken inside a refrigerator for 30-90 minutes. This leads to a very high consumption of energy to cool the refrigerators and of space to store the refrigerators during the testing period," explains Renato Romagnoli, AEA's Home Appliances technical manager. "With the thermal image approach, it is possible to reduce the on-line test time to less than 8 minutes, assuring even a higher level of accuracy in the diagnosis of a defective refrigerator. This is an effective and non-contact method that provides a quick thermal evaluation feasible for a 100-percent on-line quality control of a refrigerator. Moreover, using appropriate Signal Process Techniques, the collected data are analyzed, and the classification (according to a pass or fail quality control strategy) is automatically performed without an operator," he adds.
Traceability is another feature many manufacturers are adding to their processes to validate product quality. "The only way to prove that an appliance or item has been tested properly is through documentation," says John Jansen of Clare Instruments U.S. Inc. (Tampa, FL, U.S.). "With conventional manual recording systems being fraught with potential errors and problems, the most effective way to prove compliance with relevant standards is to use test instrumentation that not only automates the test process, but is also capable of recording the results at the same time. This has led to the development of test instrumentation incorporating memory for storing test results and the capability of communicating with printers directly and/or PC programs."
Clare Instruments' G106 production test system, for example, uses a PC program to create test routines that are then transferred to the test unit. If the test station is on-line (i.e., connected to the PC), the database will be automatically updated with test details while production testing is under way. "This ensures automatic traceability of test details without interfering in any way with the test process or introducing additional work procedures," Mr. Jansen says. "If documentation is required to be shipped with the product, then an automatic print out directly from the test unit after testing is also possible."
An engineer performs an Energy Star ceiling fan test in ETL SEMKO's Cortland, NY, U.S. test facility. The independent testing facility has been testing products using the EPA's Tier I criteria on residential ceiling fans with or without lighting kits since November 2001. Additionally, the company is prepared to test to the guidelines of the upcoming Tier II set of criteria, which have not yet been finalized. This series of tests is expected to include more specific requirements on noise levels, improvements in airflow efficiency, power consumption restrictions, and warranty information.
Leak Testing Advancements
As Peter Palenstyn, market manager for Leak Detection at Varian Vacuum Technologies points out, recent improvements in appliance design have basically mandated improvements in testing processes such as leak detection. "Through our research and discussions with our customers, we have been made aware of the requirement to produce more energy-efficient appliances, while using more environmentally friendly cooling media," he says. "This trend translates in the need for cleaner and more reliable vacuum pumps, gauges with higher accuracy and repeatability, and much more stringent leak detection requirements."
To meet such demands, the company offers its 979 portable helium leak detector. The system features a multi-flow mode vacuum system in which high sensitivity is combined with the ability to start leak testing at quickly achieved pump down pressures. The company's patented MacroTorr high-vacuum turbo pump reportedly allows the 979 to perform quantitative, high-sensitivity testing at high test pressures. Features include helium sensitivity to 10-12 atm-cc/sec range; 1x10-8 std cc/sec testing at pressures < 3 Torr; 1x10-11 std cc/sec testing at pressures < 300 mTorr; and a touch screen interface. It is also operable in evacuation and sniffing modes.
Uson L.P. (Houston, TX, U.S.) says it has designed a breakthrough technology that increases leak testing cycles by at least 50 percent. Released in September, the company's Vector product uses a patent-pending algorithm that actually predicts the pressure response curve during leak testing, explains Jim Rutherford, vice president of Engineering at Uson. "With today's methods you basically have to wait for a period of time for what is known as the adiabatic cooling effect. The current methods are a very accurate way of measuring of the pressure, but are somewhat slow because you have to let everything stabilize out and get onto a linear portion of the curve."
The Vector, he explains, reduces that waiting period, but still gives an accurate measurement. "The breakthrough in technology that we have developed utilizes the adiabatic curve," says Mr. Rutherford. "What we do is record this curve for a part - given the test of the pressure, the volume of the part, and the type of material the part is made of - and then we generate a predictive model for that part."
This is accomplished, he says, through a couple of different mechanisms. "The Vector product has a number of hardware design elements that enable this technology - high-speed sampling, high-precision converters, and a fast microprocessor to do the single processing," Mr. Rutherford explains. "The key, however, is the predictive modeling that we do. It's a very sophisticated multi-variable mathematical formula for being able to derive the model of this pressure response curve."
Vacuum Instrument Corporation (Ronkonkoma, NY, U.S.) recently introduced its Ultra-Sensitive Atmospheric Sampling (USAS) Leak Test System for testing air-conditioning systems and refrigeration components. According to the company, its patented USAS Instrument is the heart of the system, allowing the tester to achieve hard vacuum helium specifications without the vacuum and mass spectrometry components necessary in helium leak detection systems. This factor alone reduces the overall costs of ownership, operation, and maintenance by one-third, the company says.
The system is said to be 10,000 times more sensitive than helium mass spectrometer leak detectors, testing up to 10 parts per trillion SF6. Mixing fans reportedly ensure uniform concentration of test gas, and the gas recovery system is said to achieve an efficiency of 99.8 percent. According to the company, this high level of efficiency permits testing of approximately 15,000 standard components with only 1 lb of SF6 gas; therefore, tracer gas costs are typically 50-percent less than helium.
In order to ensure a quality product, manufacturers must test from the inside out. In an industry where appearance counts, neglecting color or coating quality can prolong shelf life and leave the consumer with the impression of a low-end product.
There are also some major manufacturing disadvantages to overlooking color and coating testing, according to Craig Johnson, assistant general manager, Minolta Corporation, Instrument Systems Division (Ramsey, NY, U.S.). "The need to assure consistency and standardization of products is critical to success and survival. Inconsistent color can often be the 'straw that breaks the camel's back.' A part or product that meets all specifications except for color can result in rejected shipments, delayed production schedules, costly rework, or loss of business," he explains. "Increasingly, color measurement and control instruments and systems are being employed along the supplier chains as an objective and scientific method of inspecting, checking, and evaluating color of incoming materials, in-process work, and outgoing shipments of finished goods."
Cost savings on paint alone might be reason enough for a manufacturer to invest in some form of coating testing, adds John Henderson, design engineer and vice president of DJH Designs, Inc. (Ontario, Canada). He says DJH's Film Thickness Measurement System, for example, can lead to major cost reductions. "The Film Thickness Measurement System is probably paramount because it is a quality control instrument used for your coating thickness. Obviously, you want to make sure that you're able to maintain specifications not only to make sure that you're not under the coating level, but also when you're color matching. If your coating is too high or too low, you typically throw your color match off," he explains.
"For example, an appliance coater that uses on average 8 million liters of paint a year, for every micron of paint it puts down, that's U.S. $1 million a year. We can typically save the company that within the first 3-4 months of running that machine," Mr. Henderson says. "Because they're not having to put excess paint down, they can control the paint process to a tighter tolerance. You have more positive means of checking that your coatings are right. For example, if you're running a 0.7 mil coating thickness, you can run that tolerance much tighter instead of putting on a little bit extra to make sure you meet the requirements."
Elcometer (Rochester Hills, MI, U.S.) offers customers reduced costs by adding flexibility to its product offering. The company's hand-held Elcometer 456 coating thickness instrument comprises a single gauge that uses probes that are able to work on ferrous and non-ferrous metal substrates and on coatings of anywhere from a couple thousandths of an inch all the way up to a half of an inch thick, according to Joe Walker, vice president. "In the past, if a customer wanted to switch from a ferrous to a non-ferrous substrate, he would have to purchase a new gauge. Today we offer dual, ferrous and non-ferrous gauges with the choice of an integral or separate probe option. Additionally, our separate probe gauge can be converted to an integral gauge by using a PINIP™, a plug-in integral probe," he explains.
The 456 also offers a graphical interface menu system that allows the user to calibrate a unit according to a different world standard. "They don't have to go to a reference book if they're out in the field or out on the shop floor, all they have to do is go to that calibration menu and the menu function, and the gauge will talk them through how to follow that standard," Mr. Walker explains. The device also works in 12 different languages.
Satisfying Standards
Keeping track of the constant changes in standards and certification within the appliance industry is a challenge in itself. Whether it is an industry or government mandate or a new certification option, to stay successful, producers need to keep a close eye on the latest in quality standards and certification programs.
Microwave Ovens and Induction Cookers
One appliance segment that will be seeing major changes in the coming months is cooking, specifically microwave ovens and induction cooking devices. As published in the Federal Register in July, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has amended the rules of parts 15 and 18 for conducted emissions to harmonize U.S. (domestic) requirements with international standards. In general, the amendment mandates microwave ovens and induction cookers, which were previously only required to comply with FCC radiated emission requirements, to now also comply with conducted emission requirements by July 2004.
According to Nissen Isakov, president, LCR Electronics, Inc. (Norristown, PA, U.S.), the Report and Order, which was released in May, amended the conducted emissions and requirements to coincide with those specified in International CISPR 22 (Information Technology Equipment) and CISPR 11 (Industrial, Scientific and Medical equipment). One aspect of the amendment is that the conducted emission limits, which used to start at 450 kHz, will now be reduced to 150 kHz to harmonize with current European regulations.
Mr. Isakov explains: "These changes will have the most impact on those in the appliance industry involved in the manufacture or import of microwave ovens and induction cooking devices. These products will essentially need to comply with the emissions requirements of the International European harmonized standards, even for use within the U.S."
In order to comply with the new requirements, microwave ovens being sold in the U.S. may need a more comprehensive Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) filter, Mr. Isakov says. Although this may imply an added cost, Mr. Isakov says that the industry should look at the bigger picture. "Today's economy is a global one and this will bring it in line with the rest of the world. It's the overall goal of harmonizing standards," he says.
Ceiling Fans
Energy efficiency continues to be one of the driving forces of new quality standards. As of October 2003, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will be issuing specifications for Tier II testing of residential ceiling fans for the Energy Star® program. Although the details have not yet been finalized as of press time, several guidelines were given in an Energy Star testing facility guidance manual, Building a Testing Facility and Performing the Solid State Test Method for Energy Star Qualified Ceiling Fans, which was published in September by the EPA.
According to the document, airflow and efficiency requirements have not yet been determined for Tier II, but it has been noted that airflow and efficiency requirements for Tier II may be divided into separate categories by fan diameter if data collected in 2002 indicate clear differences in achievable performance among fans of different sizes. Likewise, the Tier II specification may include consideration of power factor if warranted by product performance and utility request.
The most notable change, however, will be the noise specifications. While Tier I had no specifications, noise will play a large role in the new guidelines. Although the measurements have not yet been announced, Tier II qualifying products will include a standardized label on the product package noting operational noise in dB at each of three operating speeds (low, medium, and high). According to the EPA document, each fan speed will be associated with a minimum airflow in CFM. The final Tier II specification will state a test procedure for measuring fan noise. This specification will need to address, among other things, test chamber size and characteristics, type of measurement equipment, and type of sound being measured. The specification could either measure total sound pressure level (SPL) or attempt to specify the particular harmonics that result from electrical and mechanical fan noise, but are not the product of wind noise from the blades.
According to Jason Prentice, engineer, ETL SEMKO (Cortland, NY, U.S.), a division of Intertek Testing Services, such requirements might be tricky for some companies. "Once this is finalized, it will be imperative that the facility running this particular test verify the product's performance based on what the product is doing, not really any other noise factors that are in the room," he says.
He says that ETL SEMKO is getting fully prepared to be able to test for the new specifications in its ceiling fan testing facility. Hopefully, manufacturers are ready as well. "The Tier II is the next level, the next step," explains Mr. Prentice. "I feel it's going to weed out a lot of those kind of fly-by-night companies, and it's going to make these manufacturers look seriously at their products and determine their viability and if they are performing to par in terms of what standards and what standard operating procedures are available to this type of product," he continues. "For those that do have a hard time meeting those, well, they're going to have to step up and create a better product."
Pool Dehumidifiers
After 3 years of development, The Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) announced the initiation of the Indoor Pool Dehumidifiers Certification Program in September. The certification program, based on ARI Standard 910, Indoor Pool Dehumidifiers, covers factory-made residential, commercial, and industrial pool dehumidifiers. According to ARI, the dehumidifiers standard was initially developed for the purpose of establishing definitions, classifications, requirements for testing and rating, minimum data requirements for published ratings, operating requirements, marking and nameplate data, and conformance conditions.
Indoor pool dehumidifiers covered under the standard are those that provide the function of dehumidifying, air circulation, air reheating, and may also provide air cooling, air filtration, pool water heating, and air-to-air heat recovery.
As part of the new certification program, ARI verifies manufacturers' certified performance ratings of industry products in continuous and extensive laboratory testing. Randomly selected units are tested using procedures stipulated in ARI Standard 910 (available on www.ari.org/std/individual/index.html) to verify that they meet the manufacturers' certified published performance ratings. Participation is voluntary and open to members and non-members of ARI.
Getting Smarter
Looking to the future, it's safe to say that testing practices and standards across the globe will see substantial changes as appliances and their components get smarter.
According to Eli Szamosi, manger of New Business Development, CSA International, this means that companies should start preparing now. "The presence of new technology brings new features, new benefits, easier use, and more convenience, but also creates new challenges and skill demands on both the manufacturer and the testing organizations," Mr. Szamosi says. "To address the changes in technology, certification organizations and standards development organizations are having to enhance their capabilities to be able to properly and adequately create new standards, be aware of any new international standards, as well as test to these requirements."
In addition, he says, when designing new products containing software and microcontrollers, manufacturers now must consider the certification requirements much earlier in the design process in order to develop software that is appropriate, adequate, and meets all certification requirements.
New standards are already in place to deal with smart appliance technologies, Mr. Szamosi says. One such standard, he explains, is UL 1998: 1999 Edition 2, Standard for Safety in Software in Programmable Components. Published in 1999, this software safety standard has been referenced in, among others, CSA International requirement 3.01 U.S. for Portable Fuel Cell Power Systems to address the specific requirements of any safety-related software being used. This has been used by CSA when certifying fuel cells and other "smart" appliances.
Mr. Szamosi explains: "Standard requirements, such as those contained in UL 1998-99 ed. 2, requires that software used in appliances have two major characteristics. First, the software must have been designed and implemented according to a set of procedure requirements. This ensures that the software has been designed and built to a defined level of quality. Appliances are not like household computers where, if a problem occurs, a user can simply re-boot and start over. Software that fails in an appliance can pose serious potential hazards. Secondly, the software has to be designed to act on unsafe conditions, regardless of the situation. The software must be designed, up front, to anticipate potential hazards and situations and how the software will respond so that the product can be placed in a safe operating condition.
Mr. Isakov of LCR Electronics adds that the U.S., as well as other countries around the globe, may also start implementing stricter guidelines in response to EMI and other issues that arise when using advanced communications technologies in appliances. "In Europe, all household appliances, all electrical products, have to comply with stringent EMC regulations. The FCC exempts most of the household appliances," he explains. "What I think is probably going to happen is as smart appliances become more prolific, they will be more susceptible to interference. I believe that eventually all household appliances will have to comply with some form of harmonized, international EMI/EMC standards."
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Revealed "simultaneously" as the new Tiida in Shanghai, the 2012 Nissan Versa drove onto the stage here at the 2011 New York Auto Show spouting some impressive numbers: 33 miles per gallon (combined, and 30 city/37 highway) for the low, low price of $10,990. Sure, 33 ain't nothing compared to a ...
Nissan has decided to update the successful European-model Qashqai for the next model year. We've come to expect aesthetic changes in these yearly revamps, like the LED daytime lights. The bigger news is the announcement of a Pure Drive version of the Qashqai, which refers to the Nissans' green ...


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Mother, son sought in homicide captured in Iowa
Updated On: Oct 07 2013 05:12:46 PM CDT
A mother and son sought in connection with a Nebraska homicide have been arrested in Iowa, suspected of robbery.
The Des Moines Register says 41-year-old Shelley Casterline and 23-year-old Andrew Casterline are accused of mugging a woman in a Walmart parking lot in Newton on Saturday. Both are from Guide Rock, Neb.
Witnesses said a man held a knife to a woman's throat, stole her purse and then took off.
Authorities said it took about 9 minutes from when the robbery happened to when a trooper stopped the pair. The robbery was reported at 5:37 p.m. and it was 5:42 p.m. when the two were spotted on the interstate. By 5:46 p.m., the two were apprehended.
The Iowa State Patrol says the pair are being sought by Webster County, Neb., authorities.
The Casterlines are both charged with armed robbery and are being held in the Jasper County Jail.
Nebraska officials have not released any details about the death of Virginia Barone. She was found Saturday in Guide Rock.
Copyright 2013 by KCCI The Associated Press contributed to this report. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.