text: Strict Standards: Redefining already defined constructor for class XML_Parser in /home/sites/www.americanpoems.com/web/store/aom/includes/os.php on line 1188 Strict Standards: Declaration of XML_Parser::raiseError() should be compatible with PEAR::raiseError($message = NULL, $code = NULL, $mode = NULL, $options = NULL, $userinfo = NULL, $error_class = NULL, $skipmsg = false) in /home/sites/www.americanpoems.com/web/store/aom/includes/os.php on line 1604 Strict Standards: Declaration of XML_Unserializer::startHandler() should be compatible with XML_Parser::startHandler($xp, $elem, &$attribs) in /home/sites/www.americanpoems.com/web/store/aom/includes/os.php on line 3503 Strict Standards: Declaration of Cache_Lite_File::get() should be compatible with Cache_Lite::get($id, $group = 'default', $doNotTestCacheValidity = false) in /home/sites/www.americanpoems.com/web/store/aom/includes/cache.php on line 1020 American Poems: Books: Fever Dreams: Contemporary Arizona Poetry Home Apparel Appliances Books DVD Electronics Home & Garden Kindle eBooks Magazines Music Outdoor Living Software Tools & Hardware PC & Video Games Search All Products Apparel Appliances Arts & Crafts Automotive Baby Beauty Books Computers DVD Electronics Gourmet Food Grocery Health Home & Garden Industrial & Science Jewelry Kindle eBooks Kitchen Magazines Miscellaneous Mobile Apps MP3 Downloads Music Musical Instruments Office Products Outdoor Living Pet Supplies Photo & Camera Shoes Software Sporting Goods Tools & Hardware Toys VHS Video On Demand PC & Video Games Watches Wireless Wireless Accessories Advanced Search Sitemap View Cart Checkout Location: Home » Books » Fever Dreams: Contemporary Arizona Poetry Fever Dreams: Contemporary Arizona Poetry enlarge Creators:Leilani Wright James Cervantes Carolyn Forche Brand:Brand: University of Arizona Press Category:Book List Price: $18.95 Buy New: $4.97 as of 12/22/2014 13:37 EST details You Save: $13.98 (74%) In Stock New (4) Used (14) Collectible (1) from $0.01 Seller:prospector70 Sales Rank:10,302,693 Languages:English (Unknown), English (Original Language), English (Published) Media:Paperback Number Of Items:1 Edition:First Edition Pages:240 Shipping Weight (lbs):0.9 Dimensions (in):6.2 x 0.7 x 9.3 Publication Date:March 1997 ISBN:0816515891 EAN:9780816515899 ASIN:0816515891 Availability:Usually ships in 1-2 business days Features: Used Book in Good Condition Also Available In: Hardcover - Fever Dreams: Contemporary Arizona Poetry Editorial Reviews: SynopsisDream worlds, real worlds: this book ushers in an extraordinary collection of new work by nearly forty poets currently living and writing in Arizona. Brief introductions for each poet reveal that socially, geographically, and emotionally, they come from anywhere and everywhere. Here and together, however, their energy and synergy are shaping a literary landscape unlike any other. They write of jazz, serotonin levels and talk shows, homelessness, convenience stores and gunplay, Tiananmen Square and Bosnia. CERTAIN CONTENT THAT APPEARS ON THIS SITE COMES FROM AMAZON SERVICES LLC. THIS CONTENT IS PROVIDED 'AS IS' AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE OR REMOVAL AT ANY TIME. Brought to you by American Poems Categories •Apparel •Appliances •Arts & Crafts •Automotive •Baby •Beauty •Books •Computers •DVD •Electronics •Gourmet Food •Grocery •Health •Home & Garden •Industrial & Science •Jewelry •Kindle eBooks •Kitchen •Magazines •Miscellaneous •Mobile Apps •MP3 Downloads •Music •Musical Instruments •Office Products •Outdoor Living •Pet Supplies •Photo & Camera •Shoes •Software •Sporting Goods •Tools & Hardware •Toys •VHS •Video On Demand •PC & Video Games •Watches •Wireless •Wireless Accessories Related Categories •Anthologies Poetry Literature & Fiction Subjects Books


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NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- A Greece-inspired haze of uncertainty has been cast over the global markets, putting a damper on the "risk-on" mentality that defined October.
As we move ahead to the end of the year, investors must be wary of the political turmoil threatening this corner of the EU. Near-term market action and investor mood will likely shift from headline to headline.
Greece's Prime Minister, George Papandreou, has been the center of attention this week over his reportedly aborted attempt to call for a referendum on the EU's rescue plans for the nation. As global leaders, market commentators, and investors have noted, the referendum would have carried a great deal of weight. Aside from determining the next step in the ongoing Greek bailout saga, it would have had decided Greece's future as a member in the eurozone.
In the days that followed the initial announcement, the plan faced ample criticism. In statements made Thursday morning, Greece's finance minister, Evangelos Venizelos expressed his disapproval of the referendum and urged Papandreou to stick to the original plan devised by the EU in late October.Most recently, news sources are reporting that the proposed referendum has been scrapped. Still, questions surrounding the EU will likely linger in the near term and Greece will remain in the spotlight its government prepares for Friday's confidence vote, and global leaders convene in France to take part in the G20 conference. For investors, this sort of uncertainty has created a choppy environment. Effectively navigating the road ahead will require patience and flexibility. As evidenced by the October flow data compiled by the National Stock Exchange, investor appetite for risk returned last month. Emerging market ETFs, domestic equity funds, and high-yield bond ETFs like the iShares iBoxx $ High Yield Corporate Bond Fund (HYG) were among the biggest inflow recipients. Improving market conditions were not enough to entice investors to shed safe haven asset classes entirely, however. The iShares Barclays 20+ Year Treasury Bond Fund (TLT) and the PowerShares DB U.S. Dollar Index Bullish Fund (UUP) ended the month with net inflows as well. Meanwhile, sentiment towards Europe was mixed. While products like the Vanguard MSCI Europe ETF (VGK), iShares MSCI Germany Index Fund (EWG) welcomed investor funds, others products proved less alluring. The iShares MSCI EMU Index Fund (EZU) and the iShares MSCI Italy Index Fund (EWI) ended the month with net outflows.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Walking Dead Weekly Announced
Starting in January 2011, Image Comics will be reprinting the single issues of the hit series -- shipping one issue per week all year long!
Preview: The Walking Dead #78
Courtesy Image, on sale Oct 20th! "Despite all the turmoil around them, they find each other."
Invincible: The Best Book You Should Be Reading
Cosmic Fans may want to check out "Invincible" as its the best science-fantasy-oriented cosmic comic that you should be reading!
NYCC '10: Video of Todd McFarlane
The creator of "Spawn" remarks on an early experience he had as a child with an artist at a con who acted like a "peckerhead!" Also baseball!
Image At NYCC '10
Image Comics is taking the show on the road this weekend, making its way across the country for New York Comic-Con 2010!
Image Comics Previews For 10/6/10
Courtesy Image, here are previews for next week's comics including: "Image Firsts: Haunt," "The Walking Dead: The Covers, Vol 1. HC," and more!


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RHINELANDER, Wis., Aug. 29, 2013 /PRNewswire-iReach/ -- As a new school year approaches, Rhinelander students are preparing for fresh teachers or professors, homework or essays, classes or lectures. Whether students are heading back to high school or college, Honda dealer Rhinelander...
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How Well Do You Know A Charlie Brown Christmas?
Take our quiz!
How Well Do You Know 2014's Biggest Pop Song Lyrics?
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10 Reasons Why Charli XCX Is The Most Exciting New Pop Star Of 2014
Count 'em!
We Award The Biggest And Best Music Videos Of 2014!
Who made the list?
September 25th, 2012
Hip-hop i$ important again. RAPCITY's back! I'm on TV mama. But I remember when they forgot about rap. I remember when people thought, unless you're Nickelback, why invest in something that you probably won't make a nickel back.
So as I stand here to talk about Take Care, I want you all to know that for me this is more than rap. This is more than mansions and vacations – songwriters' awards, Juno and Grammy nominations.
This is a REVOLUTION in hip-hop for an entire nation.
To the Grand Jury:
Tonight as you pick the #1 album, please consider Take Care 'cause let's be fair… all the songs are amazing, and my boy 40 went in on those beats, so you can't deny the affect it's had from the corporate offices right down to the streets.
Even my landlord was ready to tell me to Take Care until I told him I could get him some seats.
However, tonight we have 10 great albums making it very hard to choose sides. And yes it's fucked up, Damian, but can you picture the headlines when Drake's Take Care becomes the first hip-hop album to take the Polaris Prize?
The impact of Take Care is evident. I say that 'cause T remember when rappers from Toronto had fake accents living in the shadow of the U.S. But now we making Young Money and We Da Best more importantly – for our youth this music has created change they don't wear Yankees fitteds no more, but New Era is sold outta Blue Jays!
Confidence bestowed upon our youth through this music making way for a kid from Brampton, Winnipeg, Scarborough, Forest Hill… that has a love for this art form to confidently use it.
This is more than an album. So many people attach to this body of work for different reasons – this album is 20 songs of celebration, 20 songs of inspiration, and 20 songs of liberation.
'Cause 'lord knows, lord knows' it wasn't long ago when they'd say that a Canadian kid cant make it rappin'.
Now look what's happened. The paparazzi can't stop, won't stop snappin "DRAKE DRAKE DRAKE Drake!"
Even got your homeboy T-RexXx asking for an interview.
But that's alright, because Take Care represents us, to the world, from our inner city view.
That's my rhyme. That's my time.
Take Care.
Tags: drake, Polaris Music Prize, RapCity, T-RexXx, Take Care
Posted on Tuesday, September 25th, 2012 at 12:45 pm by Cam and is filed under Blog.Tweet


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Vintage Style Illustrations By Stephen Fowler
Submitted by livefordo on November 5, 2011 - 2:24pm
Related Terms :
Stephen Fowler started his career as a graphic designer for a small package design firm. Though he loved being a graphic designer and he runs an art studio(Gemeni studio art) which has a collection of his original illustrations, graphics and typographic arrangements. I like his Vintage style illustrations, artworks and today I am sharing with everyone. These artworks are for sale too. Visit his shop | Visit his profile
Vintage Style Illustrations By Stephen Fowler
- 5203 reads
Nice blog, thank you. I
Submitted by Gandhali Singhal (not verified) on March 24, 2012 - 3:25pm.
Nice blog, thank you. I really love it.


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Lucky Me at Yale's Off Broadway Theatre through June 9
There are just a few more performances of Lucky Me at the Off Broadway Theater (down the path behind Toad's Place on York Street). Sachi Parker performes a one-woman show describing what it's like to have been the daughter of Shirley MacLaine. The show is a coming-of-age story with a famous figure lurking in the background.
Parker's collaborator on both the book and script was Frederick Stroppel. The show, which has a full set, costume changes, sound effects and a gentle lighting design, is directed by Douglas Moser.
Joanna Keylock , who went to Southern Connecticut State University and co-founded the Naked Theatre, which was an important troupe around New Haven in the 1990s, is producing Lucky Me. "Sachi and Fred and I have all been friends for a long time. When I casually said to Sachi 'I should produce this,' she said 'Sure!'"
Keylock's other key production credit is the "Sips & Giggles" series she does at Lyric Stage in Westville, which pairs one-act plays with fine wines.
Keylock explains that the timing just seemed right to do Lucky Me now, and she liked the idea of having a traditional New Haven try-out before attempting to take the show into New York.
Parker "wrote the play first," Keylock says. "Then people told her 'It should be a book.' A lot of the stories are the same." One difference: "On the page, it can sound a lot harsher than it's meant." Parker's sought a tone which isn't vituperative about her travails. "It's a beautiful show to watch," Keylock says. "Simple. Stark but not empty."
Describing her life from babyhood to married Connecticut-based motherhood, Sachi Parker "plays a lot of different characters," Keylock explains. Not just herself at various ages but some of the many famous, non-famous and infamous people she came into contact with in her life and in her own acting career. A dead-on impression of her mom is foremost among them.
Lucky Me plays at the Off Broadway Theatre at Yale through June 9. Performances are at 8 p.,m. (203) 305-7762.Copyright © 2014, Orlando Sentinel


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Hi. We've recently installed DPM 2010 (trialing at the moment) on our new network to provide us with the backup solution. At the moment, I've installed the agent on our two file servers and think its great so far. It backs up to an iSCSI disk on another physical server running FREENAS. It all seems to work fine except several times a day, under 'Management' > Agents it shows unavailable and I get the following emails:
"DPM failed to communicate with fileserv1.domain because the computer is unreachable. "
"The protection agent operation failed because it could not communicate with fileserv1.domain"
I have turned off firewalls on both the DPM server and the clients I am backing up.
Sometimes if i right click on the agent and click refresh information, it changes to 'OK'.
Which means our backups aren't guaranteed and some synchronizations do not occur.
Any help would be much appreciated.
There are currently 1 users browsing this thread. (0 members and 1 guests)


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Amazing :)
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Lovely roses. You may change the music. Perfect for friends.
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very nice and beautiful card, that is an e card i would pick
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Well its good
Send love and hugs and wish a very happy Valentine's Day with this ecard.
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Learning Disabilities Association of Halton
|Agency and Service Names
|Alternate Name
|LDA ; LDA Halton ; LDAH
|Contact Information
|Office Phone
|Organization Email
|Social Media
|Web Email Form
|Agency Information
|Agency Description
|A voluntary organization providing support, resources and services to children, youth, adults, parents, caregivers, educational providers and support workers impacted by or working with those impacted by learning disabilities and/or ADD/ADHD.
|Service Level
|(50) Non Profit ; (51) Registered Charity
|Primary Executive
|Barb Jorritsma, Executive Director; Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
|Alternate Executive
|Diane Vandenbossche, Board President
|AGM September
|Service Information
|Service Description
|Major services:
* Parent support through parent support group facilitation and in school support; as needed
* one to one remediation literacy and/or math instruction
* keyboarding classes - children ages 8-14
* assistive technology training in equipped computer lab
* on-site loaning library - books, videos and resource materials
* community education through annual lecture series and conference
* programs and services updates/registrations available through website
Finding Help
|Tues-Fri 9:30 am- 3:30 pm * Sat- flexible hours- call ahead
* hours are subject to change based on staff availability and scheduling * call ahead before coming in
|September to June * limited hours during the summer * hours subject to change
* visit the website for all programs and services
|Meeting Details
|workshops and support groups, see website
|Areas Served
|Halton Region ; Hamilton
|program application forms and membership forms are available on the LDA Halton website
* phone calls and emails are accepted
|Membership - provides reduced fees and access to resource library, LDAO Communique newsletter twice a year ; Program - program fees are dependent on whether a family or individual member ; information and support services are free
|Site Information
|Site Location
|adjacent to Central Park
|Located In Community
|Address & Map
Rotary Youth Centre - top floor (Program location)
560 Guelph Line
Burlington, ON L7R 3M4
View Google Map
|Nearest Main Intersection
|Guelph Line and Woodward Ave
|Wheelchair Accessibility
|Fully Accessible
|Taxonomy and Classification
|Service Categories
|Education Advocacy Groups ~ Learning Disabilities ; Special Libraries ~ Learning Disabilities ; Subject Specific Public Awareness/Education ~ Learning Disabilities
|Other Details
|Resources Available
|* resource library of current books and journals on teaching methodology, parenting techniques, behaviour management


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RV Spaces:
- Short term RV space rent is $25.20 per day or $147 per week – stay 6 nights and get the 7th night free! We have 8 short term pull-thru lots for overnight/weekly RV guests.
- Monthly RV space rent is $350. Alabama Lodging Tax of $17.50 is added per month for the first six months only, for a total of $367.50 a month. There is also a $50 refundable electric deposit. Rent includes sewer, water, and $75 toward your electric bill. Resident is responsible for electric overage.
- RV guests have 24/7 access to on-site laundry and shower facilities, with a comfortable wireless internet room right next door.


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I couldn't help but marvel at the efficiency of our local station café recently, as I watched the staff pipeline their customer orders. The busy morning rush was so great that they'd streamlined the operations; one person greeted customers, took orders from several of us at once, and processed the payments. This freed the second member of staff to focus on juggling the coffee and tea machines: getting the maximum throughput from the two staff, and the machines. Continue reading RFID Café
Monthly Archives: January 2008
Commuter Alarm Clock
On a recent train journey I overheard a conversation about someone who'd enjoyed the first class wine so much on a recent intercity journey that they had difficulty staying awake so as not to miss their destination. Staying awake is a problem for many commuters and for those whose destination is not the terminating station, it can be both costly and time consuming. An alarm clock is the obvious tool of choice, to solve the problem, but they're not convenient to carry. Helpfully some phones include alarm clock applications, but aside from the fact that they can ring a bell at a predefined time, they're not very useful because what's important is getting off at the right station, not at a specific time. Continue reading Commuter Alarm Clock


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- You are here:
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- car2go in london
Car2go lights up London with carsharing Smart Fortwos
by Sebastian Blanco (RSS feed) on Dec 4th, 2012 at 2:17PM
Londoners are learning that good things come in small packages, from Kate Middleton's recently bloomed baby bump, to newly rentable Smart ForTwo vehicles on the streets of the city. Starting today, Londoners who want to drive but not own a car can sign up for Daimler's Car2go. The free-floating carsharing service is already in operation in the 17th city worldwide and prices in London will be a bit higher than other places: 35 pence (about 56 US cents) a minute. In the US, the blue-and-white Smart Fortwo mhd coupés cost 38 cents a minute to drive. Through the end of the year, though,... Read More


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Animal Discoveries: Creepy Crawlies
Thursday, Feb 21, 2013 10:00a
Latta Plantation Nature Preserve: Latta Plantation Nature Center Huntersville, NC
Discovering nature sparks curiosity and creativity. During this series preschoolers will learn about a variety of animal groups and why each is important in nature. Each session will feature stories, games, and activities related to the topic. Registration is required for most programs whether or not there is a fee. Select an option: 1. CLICK on Eparks at www.parkandrec.com and use the course code number. 2. CALL 311 (704.336.7600) or the number listed for that program. 3. COME to the location where… Show more
Created by NatureFind | Claim this event
Location & Nearby Info
Latta Plantation Nature Center
6211 Sample Rd.
Huntersville, NC 28078
(704) 875-1391
6211 Sample Rd.
Huntersville, NC 28078
(704) 875-1391
Show nearby:
1.2 mi 2 Fubo Restaurant
1.4 mi 3 Dips N Sips
1.6 mi 4 Lancasters Bbq & Wings
2.5 mi 6 Bull & Barrister
2.7 mi 8 Red Bowl Asian Bistro
2.9 mi 9 Authentic Z Brick Oven
2.9 mi 10 Chicken King
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Mon 4/20 1:00p
Mon 5/4 1:00p
Mon 4/20 5:00p
Sat 2/7 8:00p
Thu 1/1 10:00a
Sat 1/10 9:00a
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The College is closed but we'll be back to serve you in person on Friday, January 2. During the break, the application, registration, and payment are still available online.
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- Published Last Month The Health & Fitness Center achieves Medical Fitness Association Facility certif


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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
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Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
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"I have all of Ina's books and adore them. I have made many of her recipes which are "special", however in this case, even though it looked stunning I found it to be far to coffeeish. Now I make a dynamite brownie recipe using coffee and it just brings out the chocolate, this is far too much. You really notice it.Linda"
"At first try, I wasn't impressed, but if you wait a day and put in fridge to ripen, what a difference a day makes. They are 10 x better. Just don't eat them the same day you make them. They show their true taste a day or 2 later. Good."
"Just delicious! Loved it."
"I was really looking forward to this recipe based on rave reviews. I am an accomplished cook and baker. I collect cookbooks, work in the field and have put together 2 cookbooks. I am knowledgable in kitchware, cookware etc. I made these 2 loaves in 2 emile henry loaf dishes. They came out looking beautiful. But with a capital B. the taste w..."
"outofthisworld. I used between 4 and 6 cups of a coleslaw mix bought at Bruno's in Toronto. Did not have buttermilk, celery seed. Used fresh onions. Did you 3 drops of franks hot sauce, mayo, milk etc. Also, added a bit of lemon juice. I thought, how good could this be. Well, it is soooo tasty. Can't wait to have it with southern fried chick..."
"Just made this yesterday morning and couldn't wait to try. 6 stars after tasting in the evening. Looked beautiful. Made in an Emile Henry loaf dish. Just delicious. Better than expected. I work next to Starbucks and this is 10 x better. Thanks to Todd Wilbur from Top Secret Recipes for creating this recipe. Linda"
"Very good. I used bone in, skin on chicken breasts. I made my own spice mix by French Tart in addition to using the TAGINE mix from Williams Sonoma. I added golden raisins. I used only 1 can of chick peas and that was more than enough. It took about 1 to 1 1/2 hours in my new Emile Henry Tagine (olive green colour). Served over Tyler Florenc..."
"He can do no wrong. I made this sauce and used to make the meat sauce recipe for his fabulous 123 lasagna and it is perfect. Do not use store bought anymore. E calls it his red sauce. Linda"
"Doesn't get much better than this cheesecake. I used 1 tsp. of cinnamon in recipe. Also made Wanda Beaver's (Wanda's Pie in the sky cookbook) whipping cream recipe and piped using a star tip the whipping cream into a nice design on the pumpkin cheesecake. Fabulous. Linda"


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With Hebron Christian School on the verge of a district title, Tuesday's 12-1 victory over Calhoun Academy clinched a fifth consecutive playoff appearance for the Lady Eagles.
A landmark in itself, but for pitcher Chloe Tapley, it solidified her as one of the best pitchers in the MAIS.
Tapley again had another stellar outing in the circle, just three hits given up to compliment 13 strikeouts.
Nothing new for the junior, who over the last few weeks had pitched three straight no-hitters.
But this game was a little more memorable, even if she didn't realize it because after the seventh strikeout, Tapley did what few pitchers have ever done; reach the 1,000 K's milestone which now stands at 1,006 in 646 career innings.
Her head coach, Cass Tapley, had kept up with the numbers over the years and said after filling out a recruiting form this season, she was just 30 strikeouts away. After posting 23 in two games last weekend, she needed seven more.
"I had no idea I was even this close to having that many," said Tapley, who has 199 strikeouts this season alone.
Cass Tapley said she doesn't keep up with how many she has in a season, let alone a game.
"I went and told her when she came off the field since we were winning anyway, and that's the first she heard about it," he said. And her reaction, well there wasn't much of one. "Oh okay," Cass Tapley recalls. "The team reacted more than she did."
But that's her style. Tapley prefers to show little emotion during the game, at least not the ra-ra type. There are times where she shows frustration, but all she thinks about is where her next pitch is going to be.
"As long as they're winning, she'll be alright," Cass Tapley said. "If we start losing, she'll let a little more emotion show."
It's nothing to hear of players breaking records, whether it's touchdown passes, homeruns and even saves, there's something special about an athlete that can do what so many will never even come close to. How do they do it? Commitment, and Tapley has it.
"She always works at it," Cass Tapley said. "She's worked at it since she was nine years old. Even now, she'll still work on it. She won't go more than two or three days without practicing. That's the key."
"I put a lot of dedication in to year around," Tapley said. "I think if I started towards April I would have never reached that."
Surely throwing that much all the time would slow down any athlete, but for Tapley, it's not an issue.
"It gets sore every now and then, but it's not too bad," she said.
Tapley hopes that by the end of her high school career she can reach 1,500 strikeouts and maybe have enough accolades to help get her a softball scholarship.
But right now Tapley is helping the Lady Eagles get to the postseason and has her eye on a much bigger prize, the state championship which is currently showcased at Bayou Academy, where it's been for the last several years. Last season the Lady Eagles finished third.
"That's what I'm looking forward to, making it to state and getting far," she said.
Hopefully the Lady Colts catch wind of her accolade and think twice about stepping in the batter's box if the two teams should meet down the road.


text:
Dáil Éireann - Volume 455 - 04 July, 1995
Written Answers. - Free Legal Aid Scheme.
Mrs. O'Rourke Mrs. O'Rourke
80. Mrs. O'Rourke asked the Minister for Equality and Law Reform the criteria for eligibility under the free legal aid scheme. [12295/95]
Mrs. O'Rourke Mrs. O'Rourke
81. Mrs. O'Rourke asked the Minister for Equality and Law Reform if an individual for free legal aid as part of a wider community grouping can be considered. [12298/95]
Minister for Equality and Law Reform (Mr. Taylor) Mervyn Taylor
Minister for Equality and Law Reform (Mr. Taylor): I propose to take Questions Nos. 80 and 81 together. In order to qualify for assistance under the scheme of civil legal aid and advice an applicant must satisfy two basic eligibility tests. The first of these is a means test, and the other is a merits test.
An applicant is eligible on financial grounds if his or her "disposable income" and "disposable capital" are within certain limits specified in the scheme. "Disposable income" is the income which remains when various deductions are made from gross income — "gross income" being defined as total income received from all sources. The deductions to be made from gross income, which are referred to as allowances, include for example, income tax, mortgage repayments, rent, social insurance, VHI contributions, expenses in travelling to and from work together with various allowances in respect of the applicant's spouse and dependent children. "Capital" includes, for example, money in the applicant's bank, credit union, building society or post office accounts, or the applicant's house, property or land and the aim under that [1032] heading is to find the value of the applicant's disposable capital which is its gross value, less for example, the cost of realising assets, outstanding loans, etc. Since in the vast majority of cases, applicants do not have significant capital resources, by and large, eligibility is determined by reference to income alone. While the income of a husband and wife are normally aggregated, they are treated separately when the parties are in conflict with each other, or where they are living separately and apart. The effect of this rule is that in a very high proportion of matrimonial cases, a wife will qualify for legal services, even if her husband is financially secure.
The merits test operates on the basis that legal aid may be granted only where the applicant has, as a matter of law, reasonable grounds for taking, defending or being a party to legal proceedings, and is reasonably likely to be successful in those proceedings.
In considering applications for legal aid in general, it is also necessary for the Legal Aid Board to have regard to all the circumstances of the case, including the probable cost of taking or defending the proceedings, measured against the likely benefit to the applicant. In effect, the purpose of the scheme is not to put the person of limited means in the position of the person for whom "money is no object" but in the position of the person whose means, while not over-abundant, are sufficient to cover essential legal services.
The various income eligibility limits are reviewed from time to time on the basis generally of increases in the consumer price index. The Civil Legal Aid Bill, 1995, which has been referred to the Select Committee on Legislation and Security, provides a statutory framework for the scheme. In the Second Stage debate I informed the House that I am increasing the various income limits. Details will be announced very shortly.
The scheme provides for the refusal of legal aid and advice where the application is made by, or on behalf of, a person in connection with proceedings in [1033] which numerous persons have the same interest. It may also be refused where the board is of the opinion that the application is not being made in the sole interests of the applicant or a member of his or her family or other person for whom the applicant has special responsibility but is of a kind commonly described as a test case.
Dáil Éireann 455 Written Answers. Free Legal Aid Scheme.


text:
Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids) (from the Latin word flavus meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of plant secondary metabolites. Flavonoids were referred to as Vitamin P [1] (probably because of the effect they had on the permeability of vascular capillaries) from the mid-1930s to early 50s, but the term has since fallen out of use.[2]
Chemically, they have the general structure of a 15-carbon skeleton, which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and heterocyclic ring (C). This carbon structure can be abbreviated C6-C3-C6. According to the IUPAC nomenclature,[3][4] they can be classified into:
- flavonoids or bioflavonoids
- isoflavonoids, derived from 3-phenylchromen-4-one (3-phenyl-1,4-benzopyrone) structure
- neoflavonoids, derived from 4-phenylcoumarine (4-phenyl-1,2-benzopyrone) structure
The three flavonoid classes above are all ketone-containing compounds, and as such, are anthoxanthins (flavones and flavonols). This class was the first to be termed bioflavonoids. The terms flavonoid and bioflavonoid have also been more loosely used to describe non-ketone polyhydroxy polyphenol compounds which are more specifically termed flavanoids. The three cycle or heterocycles in the flavonoid backbone are generally called ring A, B and C. Ring A usually shows a phloroglucinol substitution pattern.
- 1 Biosynthesis
- 2 Functions of flavonoids in plants
- 3 Medical research
- 4 Dietary sources
- 5 Subgroups
- 6 Isoflavonoids
- 7 Synthesis, detection, quantification, and semi-synthetic alterations
- 8 See also
- 9 References
- 10 Further reading
- 11 External links
Functions of flavonoids in plants[edit]
Flavonoids are widely distributed in plants, fulfilling many functions. Flavonoids are the most important plant pigments for flower coloration, producing yellow or red/blue pigmentation in petals designed to attract pollinator animals. In higher plants, flavonoids are involved in UV filtration, symbiotic nitrogen fixation and floral pigmentation. They may also act as chemical messengers, physiological regulators, and cell cycle inhibitors. Flavonoids secreted by the root of their host plant help Rhizobia in the infection stage of their symbiotic relationship with legumes like peas, beans, clover, and soy. Rhizobia living in soil are able to sense the flavonoids and this triggers the secretion of Nod factors, which in turn are recognized by the host plant and can lead to root hair deformation and several cellular responses such as ion fluxes and the formation of a root nodule. In addition, some flavonoids have inhibitory activity against organisms that cause plant diseases, e.g. Fusarium oxysporum.[5]
Medical research[edit]
Though there is ongoing research into the potential health benefits of individual flavonoids, neither the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) nor the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has approved any health claim for flavonoids or approved any flavonoids as pharmaceutical drugs.[6][7][8] Moreover, several companies have been cautioned by the FDA over misleading health claims.[9][10][11][12]
In vitro[edit]
Flavonoids have been shown to have a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities in in vitro studies. Examples include anti-allergic,[13] anti-inflammatory,[13][14] antioxidant,[14] anti-microbial (antibacterial,[15][16] antifungal,[17][18] and antiviral[17][18]), anti-cancer,[14][19] and anti-diarrheal activities.[20] Flavonoids have also been shown to inhibit topoisomerase enzymes[21][22] and to induce DNA mutations in the mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene in in vitro studies.[23] However, in most of the above cases no follow up in vivo or clinical research has been performed, leaving it impossible to say if these activities have any beneficial or detrimental effect on human health. Biological and pharmacological activities which have been investigated in greater depth are described below.
Research at the Linus Pauling Institute and the European Food Safety Authority shows that flavonoids are poorly absorbed in the human body (less than 5%), with most of what is absorbed being quickly metabolized and excreted.[8][24][25] These findings suggest that flavonoids have negligible systemic antioxidant activity, and that the increase in antioxidant capacity of blood seen after consumption of flavonoid-rich foods is not caused directly by flavonoids, but is due to production of uric acid resulting from flavonoid depolymerization and excretion.[26]
Inflammation has been implicated as a possible origin of numerous local and systemic diseases, such as cancer,[27] cardiovascular disorders,[28] diabetes mellitus,[29] and celiac disease.[30]
Preliminary studies indicate that flavonoids may affect anti-inflammatory mechanisms via their ability to inhibit reactive oxygen or nitrogen compounds.[31] Flavonoids have also been proposed to inhibit the pro-inflammatory activity of enzymes involved in free radical production, such as cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase or inducible nitric oxide synthase,[31][32] and to modify intracellular signaling pathways in immune cells.[31]
Procyanidins, a class of flavonoids, have been shown in preliminary research to have anti-inflammatory mechanisms including modulation of the arachidonic acid pathway, inhibition of gene transcription, protein expression and activity of inflammatory enzymes, as well as secretion of anti-inflammatory mediators.[33]
Clinical studies investigating the relationship between flavonoid consumption and cancer prevention/development are conflicting for most types of cancer, probably because most studies are retrospective in design and use a small sample size.[34] Two apparent exceptions are gastric carcinoma and smoking-related cancers. Dietary flavonoid intake is associated with reduced gastric carcinoma risk in women,[35] and reduced aerodigestive tract cancer risk in smokers.[36]
Cardiovascular diseases[edit]
Among the most intensively studied of general human disorders possibly affected by dietary flavonoids, preliminary cardiovascular disease research has revealed the following mechanisms under investigation in patients or normal subjects:[37][38][39][40]
- inhibit coagulation, thrombus formation or platelet aggregation
- reduce risk of atherosclerosis
- reduce arterial blood pressure and risk of hypertension
- reduce oxidative stress and related signaling pathways in blood vessel cells
- modify vascular inflammatory mechanisms
- improve endothelial and capillary function
- modify blood lipid levels
- regulate carbohydrate and glucose metabolism
- modify mechanisms of aging
Listed on the clinical trial registry of the US National Institutes of Health (November 2013) are 36 human studies completed or underway to study the dietary effects of plant flavonoids on cardiovascular diseases.[41]
Flavonoids have been shown to have (a) direct antibacterial activity, (b) synergistic activity with antibiotics, and (c) the ability to suppress bacterial virulence factors in numerous in vitro and a limited number of in vivo studies.[15][42] Noteworthy among the in vivo studies[43][44][45] is the finding that oral quercetin protects guinea pigs against the Group 1 carcinogen Helicobacter pylori.[45] Researchers from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition have speculated this may be one reason why dietary flavonoid intake is associated with reduced gastric carcinoma risk in European women.[46] Additional in vivo and clinical research is needed to determine if flavonoids could be used as pharmaceutical drugs for the treatment of bacterial infection, or whether dietary flavonoid intake offers any protection against infection.
Dietary sources[edit]
Flavonoids (specifically flavanoids such as the catechins) are "the most common group of polyphenolic compounds in the human diet and are found ubiquitously in plants".[47] Flavonols, the original bioflavonoids such as quercetin, are also found ubiquitously, but in lesser quantities. The widespread distribution of flavonoids, their variety and their relatively low toxicity compared to other active plant compounds (for instance alkaloids) mean that many animals, including humans, ingest significant quantities in their diet. Foods with a high flavonoid content include parsley,[48] onions,[48] blueberries and other berries,[48] black tea,[48] green tea and oolong tea,[48] bananas, all citrus fruits, Ginkgo biloba, red wine, sea-buckthorns, and dark chocolate (with a cocoa content of 70% or greater). Further information on dietary sources of flavonoids can be obtained from the US Department of Agriculture flavonoid database.[48] Also, the Peanut red skin.
Parsley, both fresh and dried, contains flavones.[48]
Blueberries are a dietary source of anthocyanidins.[48]
Black tea[edit]
Black tea is a rich source of dietary flavan-3-ols.[48]
The citrus flavonoids include hesperidin (a glycoside of the flavanone hesperetin), quercitrin, rutin (two glycosides of the flavonol quercetin), and the flavone tangeritin.
Dark chocolate[edit]
Flavonoids exist naturally in cocoa, but because they can be bitter, they are often removed from chocolate, even dark chocolate.[49] Although flavonoids are present in milk chocolate, milk may interfere with their absorption.[50][51]
Peanut (red) skin contains significant polyphenol content, including flavonoids.[52]
Over 5000 naturally occurring flavonoids have been characterized from various plants. They have been classified according to their chemical structure, and are usually subdivided into the following subgroups (for further reading see [53]):
Anthoxanthins are divided into two groups:[54]
|Functional groups
|Structural formula
|Luteolin, Apigenin, Tangeritin
|Quercetin, Kaempferol, Myricetin, Fisetin, Galangin, Isorhamnetin, Pachypodol, Rhamnazin, Pyranoflavonols, Furanoflavonols,
|Functional groups
|Structural formula
|Hesperetin, Naringenin, Eriodictyol, Homoeriodictyol
|Functional groups
|Structural formula
|Taxifolin (or Dihydroquercetin), Dihydrokaempferol
Include flavan-3-ols (flavanols), flavan-4-ols and flavan-3,4-diols.
|Flavan-3-ol (flavanol)
|Flavan-3,4-diol (leucoanthocyanidin)
- Flavan-3-ols (flavanols)
- Flavan-3-ols use the 2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-ol skeleton
- Examples: Catechin (C), Gallocatechin (GC), Catechin 3-gallate (Cg), Gallocatechin 3-gallate (GCg)), Epicatechins (Epicatechin (EC)), Epigallocatechin (EGC), Epicatechin 3-gallate (ECg), Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCg)
- Thearubigin
- Proanthocyanidins are dimers, trimers, oligomers, or polymers of the flavanols
- Anthocyanidins
- Anthocyanidins are the aglycones of anthocyanins; they use the flavylium (2-phenylchromenylium) ion skeleton
- Examples: Cyanidin, Delphinidin, Malvidin, Pelargonidin, Peonidin, Petunidin
- Isoflavonoids
- Isoflavones use the 3-phenylchromen-4-one skeleton (with no hydroxyl group substitution on carbon at position 2)
Synthesis, detection, quantification, and semi-synthetic alterations[edit]
Availability through microorganisms[edit]
Several recent research articles have demonstrated the efficient production of flavonoid molecules from genetically engineered microorganisms.[55][56][57]
Tests for detection[edit]
- Shinoda test
Four pieces of magnesium fillings (ribbon) are added to the ethanolic extract followed by few drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid. A pink or red colour indicates the presence of flavonoid.[58] Colours varying from orange to red indicated flavones, red to crimson indicated flavonoids, crimson to magenta indicated flavonones.
- Sodium hydroxide test
About 5 mg of the compound is dissolved in water, warmed and filtered. 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to 2 ml of this solution. This produces a yellow coloration. A change in color from yellow to colorless on addition of dilute hydrochloric acid is an indication for the presence of flavonoids.[59]
- p-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde test
A colorimetric assay based upon the reaction of A-rings with the chromogen p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMACA) has been developed for flavanoids in beer that can be compared with the vanillin procedure.[60]
Lamaison and Carnet have designed a test for the determination of the total flavonoid content of a sample (AlCI3 method). After proper mixing of the sample and the reagent, the mixture is incubated for 10 minutes at ambient temperature and the absorbance of the solution is read at 440 nm. Flavonoid content is expressed in mg/g of quercetin.[61]
Semi-synthetic alterations[edit]
Immobilized Candida antarctica lipase can be used to catalyze the regioselective acylation of flavonoids.[62]
See also[edit]
- Phytochemical
- List of antioxidants in food
- List of phytochemicals in food
- Phytochemistry
- Secondary metabolites
- Homoisoflavonoids, related chemicals with a 16 carbons skeleton
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- ^ The Lancet (2007). "The devil in the dark chocolate". Lancet 370 (9605): 2070. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61873-X. PMID 18156011.
- ^ Serafini, Mauro; Bugianesi, Rossana; Maiani, Giuseppe; Valtuena, Silvia; De Santis, Simone; Crozier, Alan (2003). "Plasma antioxidants from chocolate". Nature 424 (6952): 1013. doi:10.1038/4241013a. PMID 12944955.
- ^ Serafini, M., Crozier, A., Bugianesi, R., Maiani, G., Valtuena, S., and Santis, S.D. (2003). "Nutrition: milk and absorption of dietary flavanols". Nature 424 (6952): 1013. doi:10.1038/4241013a. PMID 12944955.
- ^ Chukwumah Y, Walker LT, Verghese M (2009). "Peanut skin color: a biomarker for total polyphenolic content and antioxidative capacities of peanut cultivars". Int J Mol Sci 10 (11): 4941–52. doi:10.3390/ijms10114941. PMID 20087468.
- ^ Ververidis Filippos, F; Trantas Emmanouil; Douglas Carl; Vollmer Guenter; Kretzschmar Georg; Panopoulos Nickolas (October 2007). "Biotechnology of flavonoids and other phenylpropanoid-derived natural products. Part I: Chemical diversity, impacts on plant biology and human health". Biotechnology Journal 2 (10): 1214–34. doi:10.1002/biot.200700084. PMID 17935117.
- ^ Isolation of a UDP-glucose: Flavonoid 5-O-glucosyltransferase gene and expression analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.). Da Qiu Zhao, Chen Xia Han, Jin Tao Ge and Jun Tao, Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 15 November 2012, Volume 15, Number 6, doi:10.2225/vol15-issue6-fulltext-7
- ^ Hwang EI, Kaneko M, Ohnishi Y, Horinouchi S (May 2003). "Production of plant-specific flavanones by Escherichia coli containing an artificial gene cluster". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69 (5): 2699–706. doi:10.1128/AEM.69.5.2699-2706.2003. PMC 154558. PMID 12732539.
- ^ Trantas, E; Panopoulos, Nickolas; Ververidis, Filippos (2009). "Metabolic engineering of the complete pathway leading to heterologous biosynthesis of various flavonoids and stilbenoids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Metabolic Engineering 11 (6): 355–366. doi:10.1016/j.ymben.2009.07.004. PMID 19631278.
- ^ Ververidis, F; Trantas, Emmanouil; Douglas, Carl; Vollmer, Guenter; Kretzschmar, Georg; Panopoulos, Nickolas (2007). "Biotechnology of flavonoids and other phenylpropanoid-derived natural products. Part II: Reconstruction of multienzyme pathways in plants and microbes". Biotechnology Journal 2 (10): 1235–49. doi:10.1002/biot.200700184. PMID 17935118.
- ^ Yisa, Jonathan (2009). "Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity Of Scoparia Dulcis and Nymphaea Lotus". Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 3 (4): 3975–3979.
- ^ Bello, Isaac A; Ndukwe, George I; Audu, Oladimeji T; Habila, James D (2011). "A bioactive flavonoid from Pavetta crassipes K. Schum". Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 1 (1): 14. doi:10.1186/2191-2858-1-14. PMC 3305906. PMID 22373191.
- ^ A new colourimetric assay for flavonoids in pilsner beers. Jan A. Delcour and Didier Janssens de Varebeke, Journal of the Institute of Brewing, January–February 1985, Volume 91, Issue 1, pages 37–40, doi:10.1002/j.2050-0416.1985.tb04303.x
- ^ Lamaison, JL and Carnet, A (1991). "Teneurs en principaux flavonoides des fleurs de Cratageus monogyna Jacq et de Cratageus Laevigata (Poiret D.C) en Fonction de la vegetation". Plantes Medicinales Phytotherapie 25: 12–16.
- ^ Passicos, E; Santarelli, X; Coulon, D (2004). "Regioselective acylation of flavonoids catalyzed by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase under reduced pressure". Biotechnol Lett. 26 (13): 1073–1076. doi:10.1023/B:BILE.0000032967.23282.15. PMID 15218382.
Further reading[edit]
- Andersen, Ø.M. / Markham, K.R. (2006). Flavonoids: Chemistry, Biochemistry and Applications. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2021-7
- Grotewold, Erich (2007). The Science of Flavonoids. Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-74550-3
- Comparative Biochemistry of the Flavonoids, by J.B. Harborne, 1967 (Google Books)
- The systematic identification of flavonoids, by T.J. Mabry, K.R. Markham and M.B. Thomas, 1970, doi:10.1016/0022-2860(71)87109-0
External links[edit]
- Flavonoids (chemistry)
- Micronutrient Information Center – Flavonoids
- Flavonoid Composition of Fruit Tissues of Citrus Species
- FlavonoidViewer.jp (Japanese, English), a database on flavonoids by Arita Group (Univ of Tokyo, RIKEN Plant Science Center, and Keio Univ), Nishioka Group (Kyoto and Keio Univ) and Kanaya Group (NAIST)
- USDA Database of Flavonoid content of food (pdf)


text:
About Me
h a sense of "right" rather than playing a normal sense of priority. Anyway, she was happy to go along with it. In a short time all that was groping. Something I 'm always accused. I have it in the form recommended that you learn in sexzool school. You have to play with her tits sometimes just a little, then suck, then you can put your sexzool hand between her legs, then you can insert your sexzool finger in any and sound clinical, but I was dragging sexzool my way alone through my program to make in n Then I decided to ask for a blowjob. I thought, "might Go for Broke". She agreed. But most women are not very good are found in feeds. You can not blame them, it is difficult to get the rhythm of Law and teeth cirritate one if you're not careful. Well, that n was little for a while. My erection was in good shape, but knew it entered the mouth. Finally, I had been waited long enough. So spread s legs apart as to the rear of the car and got into would has been wonderful. The fact that they are so willing to participate is and would be as ready entrance was brilliant. Loved the feel and beauty of the whole. It could have been in that position for one hour. I've never had a problem with the celebration of my return, when needed and wanted n to give pleasure. My first wife, Doreen never an orgasm me, so I was not even a woman If you had one as a result of my performance. Whether he was doing o no, I do not know. I was not familiar enough with women knowledge. That will take us to the story of Maureen. That is 3 chapter to itself. If you like this story so that you wonder, next. Needless to say I was coming soong to the point where willing to let go. The fact that there was meaning in vertical position, which had not sweat at all. It could almost s of his own imagination. I could stand on top of the mountain and fall off the other side. Wonderful feeling. So, of course, now that it was over. I knew that Brian would like our this and do it again sometime soon. I knew that n Sheila name, and his name was John. Mind you the rest makes the story a bit of a strange circumstance. while our talk, and sexzool that makes me realize that we have pushed somewhere in the parking lot because I was in my car had time to talk for 15 minutes. I had forgotten, dass I told him I would be happy again. She said she ask her husband. I told him I thought there was something in his of the page. She was quite cross that he had said this, and he did s clear that her husband and that was it. I asked a number of phone . In those days, phone numbers wbefore short, , especially in small villages and sexzool the city appeared in the number of and not as a code. Now I will change the number of about their identity. Say was Earby 3339th was not far off, which in reality. I obviously do not know if I'd been is a valid number, if I had just put out. I knew it would take several weeks before I could get the the opportunity to escape from the house again, under any pretext. I never one to be with sexzool the kids who had no ready-made alibi is ready. When I arrived at work the next day I decided that I would look to see, if I could find in the phone book. At that time, Bolton, Blackburn and Burnley were all in the same directory. the first 3 letters of the city are always bold and Earby, of course, is a short name and a town so small that a site n Earby number one on the page quite easily. She just short codes and numbers and see if it was the right number. The unnecessary force in a haystack sound but, what a man do for a good bear. Believe it or not, I've found. But the name was not John and Shiela. Instead, it was V and M Craig. that was not Craig, but it was quite similar, and again I to keep your identity. The address was 13 Dumbarton St. Needless to say, which is sexzool the direction a little confused. So that was V and M and J and SI was convinced that me a wrong number and that was the end. I would find the time to make the call and the person answer would be wondering what the hell he was talking about. Boy, I
|'m rabbiting on a bit now is not it? Well, I rang and was Sheila, who answered the phone. I asked if he could get some free time. You had to ask a Juan. I'm sure it's in a straight line of constant thickness club and easily agreed. They wanted to meet in a pub, and n first drink. I have no other option, but not all to drink and socialize. However, we found a little bad to say " I can andlint from his wife and on my way. "Therefore, We had drinks and then went back to his house . and you took me back up. We had a camera is designed so that its 13 years old, kept his eyes o action at all. not in any way and I've never come upon him. I just knew it existed. a photography studio was created. seems to have been front of me the man, who had in their games. A man only a man. there were many shots they took, and as a whole, all the more conventional. I can not remember now \\ \\ n what they want. there were some shots of his . outdoors seems to be customary in the early morning of in the summer months to go in the center of the town of Burnley, and that sexy dress in all its glory with his picture and his taken in most public places. I still remember some of sites. that would be sitting there with statues pussy out for everyone to see . Much to his time. I n otI think sexzool it was with the carrots and stuff, but not done a lot for me anyway. This time, of course, as you guessed sexzool it, John wanted to take some photos. I had two questions I would like some sexzool copies, and do not want my face in it. No problem. wanted pictures of me fucking her, he wanted me to have my cock s in the mouth, and I was for everything. Of course, if the session of photos that I was good to fuck her. That always nice and a perfect ending. Never say much after the event. sexzool I never a for a cup of tea and a chat. I had always felt a little odd n and a little smelly, but the excitement was all. I a couple of times, but otherwise stands out a bit. a this sexzool occasion, had to be driven somewhere, with a view to deposit. He wanted me to fuck n the hood of the car from view. Of course they were very careful not to in the view of any of them all, but we wanted to give this impression in the picture. Returning to the car for the rest of the session and my climax. I decided to ask if he could hold up to the ass, she was not with them and never have enjoy the piece. , but this time I had finished my orgasm and my cock all wet and sticky, they decided to double lick from the front seat and cleaning. He sucks big time. A part of me was eager to excuse, as well as not allowing that I stay in the ass I was ready to say that you can that man to man contact me. But not me. I realized that it was very happy with it suck for as long as he wanted to for. sexzool The next time we find an almost perfect replica of an n before, with one exception. The blow job I had sexzool a kind of had been much on my mind and I wanted to try to me. I have also the pussy and Sheila on loan to the front seat of the car to find a John Wank. I rub a little, and had taken its decision, apparently s that it would not reach theK and then, however, prefer saving them when they returned home. However, I decided that this was a time in my life I n to find out, so that sucks. I can not describe how I felt. E n ot think it was as wonderful as I thought I could. it s more than one class, what not, we also it. Of course, I was going to explode and pulled me front of him. Well, I must have done something right. I have not seen her much after that. I had a brother in from South America on vacation. I told him I would set n a turn for sexzool him if he wanted, of course yes, but do not enjoy it and could not have an orgasm. that a kind of apology and that was the end of the participation of Steve n. When I moved abroad would return every year and always made a point, they call you. is always happy to see me, but it was more tame than the to cancel. John grew up, he's probably dead time. The recentOnce I saw that was about 1979th
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text: The Saints have signed a veteran defensive back to help them through the playoff run. Safety Jordan Pugh sent out a Tweet saying he signed with the Black and Gold. "It's official I'm a saint!!" he wrote. "#whodat nation lets get it!!!!" He is a 4th year player. The Redskins let him go early in this season after just one tackle and one interception. That pick was against Peyton Manning. Last year with Washington he had 13 tackles and one sack. In 2011 Pugh had 18 tackles, forced a fumble with the Panthers and filled in as a kick returner, averaging 25.5 yards per return. He averaged 24 yards per return in 2010 with Carolina. He also logged one interception that season and 9 tackles. Click here to see his stats... Pugh played both safety and corner in college at Texas A&M. The Saints have not announced how they are freeing up a roster spot. WWL Saints Sideline Reporter Kristian Garic says, however, that it is very unlikely that it is related to the head injury that Keenan Lewis suffered in the wildcard playoff game in Philadelphia.


text:
Critic & User Reviews
Giant Robots = Good Fun
posted by Ashaman (GREENVILLE, KY) Jul 5, 2007
Member since Jun 2006
61 out of 68 gamers (90%) found this review helpful
Gameplay: Pretty solid. Go through a campaign mode as either the Autobots or the Decepticons. You even get to play as the legendary Optimus Prime and Megatron. Although, after the first couple hours the game does start to feel repetitive.
Controls: Not so good. When in Robot mode the controls are fairly good, until you try to lock-on. Half the time you hit lock-on, it locks onto the wrong target. The other half it locks onto nothing. When you transform into vehicle mode the controls are downright bad.
Graphics: Nice. While the cut-scenes are average, the in-game play is very nice. Transforming from your vehicle to your robot and vice-versa is very satisfying on your eyes.
Sound: Average. The voices for the transformers are very nice, but when the human actors come in they leave a lot to be desired.
Worth it: Definitely worth a rental but I wouldn't purchase it.
Very Good
Enjoyable Movie game
posted by Slipstream (SAN DIEGO, CA) Jun 28, 2007
Member since Apr 2006
53 out of 63 gamers (84%) found this review helpful
This game can get frustrating at times though because the levels require multiple objectives and the failure of one will start you back all the way at the begining of it. But that just adds to the challenge.
The robots look great. There are lots of NPC cars and people wandering the streets that you can "accidentally" kick around. Overall, it's a fun game to play. If you like Transformers, you'll enjoy this game. Renting is a MUST for you Transformers fans. As for buying, well, if you want to OWN the first Transformers game based on the FIRST Transformers live action movie, you won't be dissapointed.
And the best thing about this game is that it won't ruin the movie if you haven't seen it yet. I've read some of the book and seen countless trailers and I KNOW that the way things go down in the game are NOT the way they go down in the movie.
Decent Movie Game
posted by ProdigyGFX (AUBURN, GA) Jun 13, 2009
Member since Dec 2008
1 out of 1 gamers (100%) found this review helpful
I first bought this game when I got my 360. And I will admit it did show off the 360 graphics power in some ways. I loved the visuals and gameplay and how the cutscenes are pretty nice to look at. And of course a Micheal Bay film always has intense explosions. So does this game.
Graphics 8/10
Now this game follows the movie's storyline in a different approach. Instead of following it directly, It sort of plays it from the viewpoints of different transformers on both sides. And it's interesting to view their sides of the fight and see how much it differs from the rest. Other than that the story is pretty bland and not very creative overall.
Storyline 6.5/10
Gameplay here is pretty simple. Giant Robots + You = Mayhem. It's a great game to play with simple game mechanics. Nothing too fancy or too simple. It's just a great combo game to play. I will admit the transforming never really gets old haha. I could almost do that all day. The controls are simple to pick up to. The difficulty on some missions can be a bit ridiculous but they are passable. You will be annoyed with atleast one mission. The game campaign is pretty short so should only take you a day or two to complete.
Gameplay 7/10
I will say this. Rent the game and pretty much be done with it. We all know Transformers 2 is coming out and if you are like me. You would like to beat the first game before jumping in the sequel. I will say this is a game for you if you really have nothing else better to do and there's a dead period of time before the next big game release hits.
review of Transformers the game
posted by Halo0001 (ASTORIA, OR) May 11, 2009
Member since Sep 2006
1 out of 1 gamers (100%) found this review helpful
1.Awesome detail in the environments,
Characters and vehicles
2. The destructible environments are a very
nice touch to the gameplay formula
3. Graphics are better on my Xbox 360 and run smoother
than my used to own PS2 version
1.Graphics can sometimes get a little glitchy when throwing objects like lamp posts, vehicles,etc.
2. Missions can get repetitive after a while especially when the mission types are varied to 3 types.
3. could've done better with the Open world aspect of the game by simply making everything or everyplace you can sight with your eyes able to go to.
In conclusion this game is prettystandardgameplay type and those of youwho looking for a open world game i would suggest other games that truly offer a real open world experience like the need for speed series or grand theft auto. Thanks for reading thanks for reading this.
Great Game!
posted by Bigmack (MEMPHIS, TN) Jul 3, 2007
Member since May 2007
10 out of 12 gamers (83%) found this review helpful
The graphics are awesome. The sound is brilliant, even the music score fits. The driving is rather odd at first, its like driving a tank on ice with 1 wheel! Seriously, the driving isn't that bad once you get used to it. The best part of the game is converting from robot to vehicle! The only reason the game didn't get a 10 is it should have had more side missions (like races or demolishion derby or something similiar). Play this game at least once despite the reviews and judge for yourself!
Great game in my opinion.
Critics got it wrong
posted by scalan15 (MONMOUTH JUNCTION, NJ) Jun 28, 2007
Member since Jul 2004
27 out of 36 gamers (75%) found this review helpful
Above Average
almost but falls short
posted by mars188 (BRISTOW, OK) Jul 2, 2007
Member since Dec 2003
36 out of 53 gamers (68%) found this review helpful
Had potential, but was just made terribly
posted by kalifist (FLORAL PARK, NY) Aug 6, 2007
Member since Jan 2005
12 out of 18 gamers (67%) found this review helpful
Transformers=terrible terrible terrible
posted by illidan (LAWTON, OK) Jul 20, 2007
Member since Jul 2006
7 out of 11 gamers (64%) found this review helpful
Gameplay=Reminds me of a horribly done Destroy all humans just random missues were you (alien destroy stuff) destroy all humans randoms missions were actually okay this game though man its terrible. Your robots have such a limited arsenal that it just ruins the game.
Graphics=this game belongs on the PS2 and not even the XBOX. The game is so bland in graphics and explosions
Sound=terrible, were is the trademark sound they make when they transform? Non existent. Explosions and all other sound effects are poor.
I played this game for 5 chapters before packing up and sending back.
Awesome Game
posted by reco82 (JOHNSON, KS) Jun 29, 2007
Member since May 2007
9 out of 16 gamers (56%) found this review helpful
Hardly recommendable, even for diehard fans
posted by TNTales (JEFFERSON CITY, TN) Jul 3, 2007
Member since Jun 2007
5 out of 10 gamers (50%) found this review helpful
Story: 2/10
There is a story. However, it has enough plot holes to drive Optimus Prime (a hero that transforms into a 18-Wheeler) through.
We are never introduced to characters or places other than by name. And the plot requires knowledge of story outside the game to comprehend (I read the tie-in novel).
Graphics: 8/10
In a word, slick. The textures are wonderful and the transforming animations (you can transform any time) are impressive. The tiny people and the vehicles don't fare as well and you'll see the same bus, yellow van, green car etc repeatedly. However, the scale of the action generally makes these moot.
Sound: 7/10
Acceptable but there weren't any points where you just want to listen to the sounds around you, nor are there any memorable themes of music that you'll be humming when it's over.
The voice work is limited, with the heavy lifting handled by the voice of Optimus Prime, done by the guy who did the voice for the character in the 80s cartoon.
The tingle of hearing his voice faded when he repeated the same line in a mission over and over "Get to Point A" (drive 20 seconds) "Get to Point A" (as if I'd forget that quickly).
Gameplay: 3/10
In brief the game has some AI bugs and clipping issues. Several times I lost a mission when I got caught on an environmental object or fell through a wall. This in itself would be forgivable if not for the fact that the game chapters have no checkpoints in the missions, and multistage chapters and predefined fight areas that you have to stay in (while enemies are designed to blast you out of them) increase the difficulty unnecessarily.
The AI is terrible. Several times foes got stuck running at a wall. And your primary weapons are useless against tough enemies so you just end up mashing on the melee button.
Don't waste a rental.
Really Bad
Robotic Peice of Garbage
posted by TrustMEa (MCCONNELL AFB, KS) Aug 6, 2007
Member since Jul 2007
2 out of 4 gamers (50%) found this review helpful
All in all this game is a piece of garbage... it can transform however into a robotic piece of garbage, but never the less a piece of garbage.
Not My Favorite Game In The World
posted by Wrecker109 (YORKTOWN HEIGHTS, NY) Jul 19, 2007
Member since Jul 2007
1 out of 2 gamers (50%) found this review helpful
Above Average
Fun to play, but no real replay value....
posted by Drizzle (SANTEE, CA) Jul 9, 2007
Member since May 2007
1 out of 2 gamers (50%) found this review helpful
A Sad Thing Indeed!
posted by Singer97 (AUSTIN, TX) Jun 30, 2007
Member since May 2007
2 out of 6 gamers (33%) found this review helpful
Thank GOD I didn't buy it!
posted by DanjaMOB (MOBILE, AL) Apr 22, 2008
Member since Apr 2007
1 out of 3 gamers (33%) found this review helpful
Really Bad
Worst game ever
posted by DutchMster (HOPEWELL JUNCTION, NY) Aug 10, 2007
Member since Aug 2007
1 out of 3 gamers (33%) found this review helpful
Transformers is awesome, but the Game Blows
posted by VideoGames (RAMONA, CA) Jul 4, 2007
Member since Aug 2006
2 out of 7 gamers (29%) found this review helpful
posted by roll28 (MIAMI, FL) Jul 2, 2007
Member since May 2006
2 out of 8 gamers (25%) found this review helpful
posted by opeter (CENTENNIAL, CO) Jul 3, 2014
Member since Jun 2013
Above Average
Not the best
posted by INSANEPUNISHER (AURORA, CO) Jul 16, 2013
Member since Jun 2012
posted by xbhzdcjszhcsacs (ELIZABETHTON, TN) May 24, 2013
Member since May 2013
Really Bad
Very disapointed
posted by arkhamcityis4me (CORRYTON, TN) May 13, 2013
Member since Feb 2013
Really Bad
Terrible Controls, not fun.
posted by Slarky (LIBERTY, NC) Sep 4, 2012
Member since Jul 2011
transformers the game
posted by Bloodylutte (REINHOLDS, PA) Jul 23, 2012
Member since Aug 2011


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What does the continued presence of vestigial structures like the whale pelvis and femur shown in Figure 16-1 suggest about the impact vestigial structures have on fitness?
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What does the continued presence of vestigial structures like the whale pelvis and femur shown in Figure 16-1 suggest about the impact vestigial structures have on fitness?
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Vestigiality describes homologous characters of organisms which have seemingly lost all or most of their original function in a species through evolution. These may take various forms such as anatomical structures, behaviors and biochemical pathways. Some of these disappear early in embryonic development, but others are retained in adulthood. Although the term serves a purpose in many gross phenotypic characteristics, vestigial has probably little applicability to DNA sequences, be they genes or non-coding sequences. The term junk DNA is a revealing example. It is a value or judgmental term which has become less utilized in genetics as many of the sequences once believed to be "junk" have been discovered to have a function. Vestigial structures are often called vestigial organs, although many of them are not actually organs. These are typically in a degenerate, atrophied, or rudimentary condition,[1] and tend to be much more variable than similar parts. Although structures usually called "vestigial" are largely or entirely functionless, a vestigial structure may retain lesser functions or develop minor new ones.[2] However, care must be taken not to apply the label of vestigiality to exaptation, in which a structure originally used for one purpose is modified for a new one. For example, the wings of penguin or ostrich would not be vestigial, as they have been modified for a substantial new purpose (underwater locomotion or display respectively), while Darwin pointed out that those of an emu would be, as they have no major function now. Vestigial characters range on a continuum from detrimental through neutral to marginally useful. Some may be of some limited utility to an organism but still degenerate over time; the important point is not that they are without utility, but that they do not confer a significant enough advantage in terms of fitness to avoid the random force of disorder that is mutation. It is difficult however to say that a vestigial character is detrimental to the organism in the long term - the future is unpredictable, and that which is of no use in the present may develop into something useful in the future. Vestigiality is one of several lines of evidence for biological evolution. Contents http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090525133555AA9bvgq
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International Visitors OfficeFor visa-related issues, visit International Visitors OfficeContact the IVOTel:+1 202-334-2807Fax:+1 202-334-2231Email:email@example.com BISO Events CalendarEvents of US NationalCommittees and international unions associated with BISO Contact BISOBoard on International Scientific OrganizationsPolicy and Global AffairsThe National Academies500 Fifth StreetWashington, DC 20001 USATel: +1 202-334-2807Fax: +1 202-334-2231
The National Academy of Sciences is the U.S. adhering body of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM) and it maintains its relationship with the union through the U.S. National Committee (USNC)/TAM. Founded in 1946, IUTAM strives to create a link between persons and national or international organizations engaged in theoretical or applied scientific work in solid and fluid mechanics or in related sciences.
WHAT'S NEW Remembering Former USNC/TAM Chair Ted BelytschkoThe USNC/TAM would like to highlight the life and accomplishments of Ted Belytschko, who passed away on September 15, 2014. Dr. Belytschko provided invaluable service during his many years on the USNC/TAM, which included serving as its chair from 2004 to 2006. He was also a member of both the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering. More information on his academic contributions to the field of mechanical engineering can be found on the website of Northwestern University. ICTAM 2016 Dates Announced: August 21-26The USNC/TAM is pleased to announce the 24th International Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ICTAM 2016) will be held August 21-26, 2016 in Montréal, Canada. The ICTAM 2016 poster can now be found online (PDF). 2014 IUTAM General AssemblyThe 2014 IUTAM General Assembly was held August 17-20 in Copenhagen, Denmark. The General Assembly is the union's highest authority and each adhering organization has representatives with voting rights in the General Assembly. The U.S. Delegation to the General Assembly was chaired by Stelios Kyriakides and included the members Linda P. Franzoni, Huajian Gao, Carl Herakovich, and Krishnaswamy Ravi-Chandar. Highlights of the General Assembly included:
AmeriMech symposia proposals that have already been approved include:
New Report Series Launched: Recent Trends in Mechanics The USNC/TAM has initiated a new series of periodic reports, Recent Trends in Mechanics. Report proposals are due April 15th of each year. More information on the types of reports included in the series and report proposal guidelines can be found on the Reports: Recent Trends in Mechanics website. Recent Trends in Mechanics reports that were completed in 2013 or 2014 include:
2013 Workshop on Mathematics of Climate Change, Related Natural Hazards and RisksThis workshop brought together about 40 young researchers, mainly from Latin America and the Caribbean, and a dozen distinguished scientists. It was jointly organized by the International Mathematical Union (IMU), the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM), and the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG). For more details, please consult the 2013 Mathematical Congress of the Americas website. 2012 International Congress on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ICTAM)The 23rd ICTAM was held August 2012 in Beijing, China, featuring extensive participation by the USNC/TAM and its members. The committee also provided travel fellowships to 19 recipients, from a variety of career stages. For more details, please consult the Activities and Events website.
Contact the USNC/TAMStelios Kyriakides, ChairWing Kam Liu, Vice ChairLinda Franzoni, SecretaryAna Ferreras, Senior Program OfficerPam Gamble, Administrative Associate
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number CMMI-1338717. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
Banner photo credit (far left): Taken from the report Damage Evolution in Stiffened Composite Structures Subjected to Variable Loadings by N.D. Flesher and C.T. Herakovich, the image is a finite element representation of the out-of-plan displacements of a stiffened fibrous composite panel when subjected to a combination of thermal and shear loading.To comment on this webpage or report an error, please send feedback to the BISO Site Manager.


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USC Annenberg Alhambra Experiment Running Out of Funds
But the good news is, per an article in Pacific Standard, the Alhambra Source website may still survive as USC communications professor Sandra Ball-Rokeach is currently trying to find new sources of support to replace the grants that are scheduled to go away.
The overhead for this community news experiment launched in 2006 is low. Ball-Rokeach, together with USC colleague Michael Parks, sought to address the changing demographics of Alhambra and a paucity of coverage by the LA Times and Pasadena Star-News. From Joel Smith's article:
The site's commitment to using community contributors rather than professional reporters has produced some journalistically unorthodox but popular stories: first-person accounts of being a second-generation immigrant, for instance, and a piece by the Alhambra High student body president, who explored the question of why he was the only Latino in a leadership position in a school that was half Latino…


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Not THIS is talking ABOUT somebody.<quoted text>Dan woiuld never meet you face to face because he would never have the courage to say to your face what he says to people here. That's why he puts "man" behind his name. He needs verification, he needs it to feel tough. Because in reality he is just the opposite, a small, meek frightened person. The forum gives him the courage that he lacks in reality.
He spends his days here because he is a noboby in the real world. Tha's probably why he is so mean and hateful here.. He has nothing, he has no one. He has been caught lying about his job. He has had jobs from A to Z, and all in a short time. So of course he loves Obama, another 4 years of not worrying about getting a job. His hand can stay out and he can play on the computer all day being abusive to others. In the real world someone would have put him in his place, but like I said, that's why he does his verbal abuse and hate behind the safety of a screen, because he is as far from being a "man" that one can get.
He loves attention, negative or positive. It's the only time pay attention to him....here on the forum. He thinks being laughed at and mocked is people being obsessed with him...if he is ignored here then he willhave nothing, his world will fall apart.
He is a pathetic low life loser that lies, abuses people, and lacks integrity.
This is vivid fantasies about someone's personal life. This demonstrates a pathological fixation on my personal life. This demonstrates a sick obsession with me.
This demonstrates the worst case of DTMDS that I've ever seen.
You poor, sick bastard - seek professional help. You can't seem to do anything on Topix but fantasize about me and constantly talk about me.