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Puntuación basada en
8 Comentarios
4,4 en octubre 11, 2011
Great Stay at the Robert burns guest house mid Sep 2011. John and Harvey, make you so welcome. Good bed brekky and dinner, friendly, friendly loved it...Geff Tina Lismore Australia
4,4 en septiembre 29, 2010
Good man John you come up with the goods at a pretty late hour.We had not much chance to sample your hospitality, but your establishment was most welcoming clean and with first class facilities.Would make your place no1 on our list as we work away in Edinburgh quite a bit.
3,6 en mayo 05, 2010
John and his family greet you very nicely and friendly ;rooms are big and comfortable. we did not have diner there but the breakfast is perfect with a marvellous homemade marmelade.
4,8 en febrero 15, 2010
It stands on a convenient spot for tourists to take the No. 26 bus to city center. And John and Wendy are very friendly and welcomed for people from different cultural backgrounds. Highly recommend for someone who would like to experience the serenity offshore scenery of Scotland.
4,0 en septiembre 24, 2009
I used to stay here every month in my job as a mobile manager, arriving Thursday, leaving Saturday. John is an excellent host, with such lovely friendly dogs reminding me of my own home. The rooms were always immaculate - with own shower, and any rainy evenings never spoilt the stay as always had a TV with DVD player and Sky channels. Breakfast was the best treat of all, only the best ingredients used, which used to keep me going all day! It was a shame my job ended, I really miss this place, he made me so so welcome. Looking forward to coming back to visit sometime soon... :)
5 en agosto 05, 2009
I just got home after my first visit to Scotland. John and family made it very pleasent for me. They helped me find places I wanted to stay and were helpful to answer any questions I had along with giving me suggestions of places to see. I would stay there again! I am telling all my friends who are planning a trip to Scotland this is the place to stay!
5 en junio 22, 2009
we stayed overnight on 20/06/2009 and the hotel was very comfortable and food exelent staff were very friendly would recomend it to anybody
5 en junio 26, 2008
By far the best place we stayed on our entire trip to the UK. John was always extremely helpful, giving us directions, information on the different things we went to see, and letting us borrow movies to watch about the places we went to see. We also LOVED his three dogs. It was a joy to stay here, and I would highly recommend it to anyone.


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Springfield Educators Engage Parents Through Home Visits
A year ago, we selected a partnership between Springfield Education Association and Springfield Public Schools to receive $1.25 million grant for their plan to improve student achievement through our Closing the Achievement Gaps Initiative.
Now, they are putting that plan into action. In December, they announced the expansion of their home visits program, one of their key strategies. At the announcement, SPS superintendent, Alan J. Ingram, spoke about the importance of parent

subset: commoncrawl


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Dallas (2-3) at Carolina (1-4). Cam Newton and the Panthers come off a bye looking to buck franchise history against Dallas, which is 0-2 in playoffs in Carolina but 4-0 in the regular-season. Cowboys WR Dez Bryant had 13 catches in last week's loss.
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Oct 01st 2014
Back to the Future
Classic drinks at Caffe Niche Read More
Classic drinks at Caffe Niche Read More
Enjoy some delicious food while supporting a delicious cause. Read More
The 4th of July is just around the corner: here's where to eat. Read More
Where to brunch on Mother's Day. Read More
Where to go and what to eat on Easter Sunday Read More
Where to dine for Valentine's Day. Read More
This week, we were at Caffé Niche with Chef Ethan Lappe to check out the restaurant's wine selection. Read More


text: AmConstant Extra 4 is an open-end fund incorporated in Malaysia. The Fund aims to provide consistent returns in the form of annual income distribution. The Fund intends to invest a minimum of 95% of the Fund's NAV in a multitude of local and/or foreign bonds such as sovereign issued bonds and private debt securities carrying a minimum "A" rating or "BBB".


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Check out our comprehensive directory of Teaticket hotels with quality, independent reviews. Search for a Teaticket hotel by name, star rating, or user rating. Travel Library always lists the real direct contact details for every hotel in Teaticket including email, Web site address, telephone and location address.
Travel Library allows you to easily contact hotels in Teaticket directly and compare their prices with online offers.


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Storm shelter locations
Published On: Mar 06 2013 08:17:43 PM EST
Updated On: Mar 06 2013 08:19:01 PM EST
Updated On: Mar 06 2013 08:19:01 PM EST
This list of shelter locations for the March storm is from that provided to NewsCenter 5 by the Red Cross and government agencies. It may not be a complete list.
Red Cross Shelters
Plymouth Memorial Hall, 83 Court Street, Plymouth
43 Layfayette Street, Salisbury
Other Shelters
Scituate High School
Copyright 2013 by WCVB.com All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
The views expressed are not those of this site, this station or its affiliated companies. By posting your comments you agree to accept our terms of use.blog comments powered by Disqus


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Joel Grey
|Joel Grey
Grey in 1993
|Joel David Katz
April 11, 1932
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.
|Actor, dancer, singer, photographer
|Years active
|Jo Wilder (1958–1982; divorced)
Joel Grey (born Joel David Katz; April 11, 1932) is an American actor, singer, dancer, and photographer. He is best known for portraying the Master of Ceremonies in both the stage and film versions of the Kander & Ebb musical Cabaret. He has won the Academy Award, Tony Award, and Golden Globe Award. He also originated the role of George M. Cohan in the musical George M! in 1973, and the Wizard of Oz in the musical Wicked. He also starred as Moonface Martin in the Broadway revivals of Anything Goes, and as Amos Hart in Chicago.
Early life[edit]
Grey was born in Cleveland, Ohio, the son of Goldie "Grace" (née Epstein) and Mickey Katz, a Jewish actor, comedian, and musician.[1][2][3] He started his career as a child actor in the Cleveland Play House.[4] He attended Alexander Hamilton High School in Los Angeles, California.[5]
Grey originated the role of the Master of Ceremonies in the Broadway musical Cabaret in 1966 for which he won the Tony Award. Additional Broadway credits include Come Blow Your Horn (1961), Stop the World - I Want to Get Off (1962), Half a Sixpence (1965), George M! (1968), Goodtime Charley (1975), The Grand Tour (1979), Chicago (1996), Wicked (2003), and Anything Goes (2011).[6] In November 1995, he performed as the Wizard in The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True a staged concert of the popular story at Lincoln Center to benefit the Children's Defense Fund. The performance was originally broadcast on Turner Network Television (TNT) in November 1995, and released on CD and video in 1996.[7]
Grey won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in March 1973 for his performance as the Master of Ceremonies in the 1972 film version of Cabaret.[8] His victory was part of a Cabaret near-sweep, which saw Liza Minnelli win Best Actress and Bob Fosse win Best Director, although it lost the Best Picture Oscar to The Godfather.[9] For that role, Grey also won the BAFTA award for "The Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles" and Best Supporting Actor awards from the Golden Globes, Kansas City Film Critics Circle, National Board of Review of Motion Pictures, National Society of Film Critics,[8] and a Tony Award for his original stage performance six years prior, making him one of only eight people who have won both a Tony Award and an Academy Award for the same role.[10]
He has performed at The Muny in St. Louis, Missouri in roles such as George M. Cohan in George M! (1970 and 1992),[11] the Emcee in Cabaret (1971), and Joey Evans in Pal Joey (1983).[1] At the Williamstown Theatre Festival, Grey played the title role in their production of Platonov (1977).
Grey appeared as a panelist for the television game show "What's My Line?" in the 1967 season, as well as being the first mystery guest during its syndication in 1968. He was the guest star for the third episode of The Muppet Show in its first season in 1976, singing "Razzle Dazzle" from Chicago and "Willkommen" from Cabaret. He also played Master of Sinanju Chiun, Remo's elderly Korean martial arts master in the movie Remo Williams: The Adventure Begins (1985), a role that garnered him a Saturn Award and a second Golden Globe nomination for "Best Supporting Actor". Chiun's character was popular for the lines "Meat of cow kills", and "You move like a pregnant yak", from the movie. In 1991, he played Adam, a devil, in the final episode of the television series Dallas (1991).[12] That same year, Grey also appeared in the American Repertory Theatre's production of When We Dead Awaken at the Sao Paulo Biennale. In 1993 he starred in New York Stage & Film's production of John Patrick Shanley 's A Fool and Her Fortune and received an "Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series" Emmy nomination for his recurring role as Jacob Prossman on the television series Brooklyn Bridge. In 1995, he made a guest appearance on Star Trek: Voyager as an aging rebel seeking to free his (deceased) wife from prison.[13] In 1999, he starred in Brian Friel's Give Me Your Answer, Do! mounted by Roundabout Theatre Company.
In 2000, Grey played Oldrich Novy in the film Dancer in the Dark and had recurring television roles on Buffy the Vampire Slayer (as the evil reptilian demon Doc, 2001), Oz (as Lemuel Idzik, 2003) and Alias (as "Another Mr. Sloane", 2005). He was a wealthy, paroled ex-convict on Law & Order: Criminal Intent (episode "Cuba Libre", 2003). Joel Grey also originated the role of the Wizard of Oz in the hit Broadway musical Wicked. He also appeared on the shows House and Brothers & Sisters (2007), on the latter of which he played the role of Dr. Bar-Shalom, Sarah and Joe's marriage counselor. He appeared as Izzie's high school teacher who needs treatment for dementia in Grey's Anatomy (2009).[13][14][15][16]
Grey returned to Broadway in spring 2011 as Moonface Martin in the Roundabout Theatre Company revival of Anything Goes at the Stephen Sondheim Theatre.[17] He also played Ned in the 1985 Off-Broadway production of Larry Kramer's The Normal Heart, and went on to co-direct the Tony Award-winning revival in 2011.[18] For his continued support of Broadway, Grey was named a Givenik Ambassador.[19] He was presented with a lifetime achievement award on June 10, 2013 by The National Yiddish Theatre - Folksbiene.[20]
Personal life[edit]
In 1958, Grey married Jo Wilder; they divorced in 1982. Together, they had two children: actress Jennifer and chef James.[1][21] He is also a photographer; his first book of photographs, Pictures I Had to Take, was published in 2003; its follow-up, Looking Hard at Unexpected Things, was published in 2006.[22] His third book, 1.3 – Images from My Phone, a book of photographs taken with his camera phone, was published in 2009.[23] An exhibit of his work was held in April 2011 at the Museum of the City of New York, titled "Joel Grey/A New York Life."[24]
- ^ a b c "Joel Grey Biography (1932-)". Film Reference. Retrieved 2014-02-23.
- ^ Stratton, Bert (July 25, 2012). "MICKELE : Mickey Katz lives". Cleveland Jewish News.
- ^ "KATZ, MEYER MYRON - The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History". Case Western Reserve University. July 17, 1997.
- ^ Prideaux, Tom. "The Birth of Yankee Doodle Joel", Life Magazine, August 23, 1968, pp. 58–59
- ^ Katz, Mickey (1977). Papa, play for me. Hannibal Coons, foreword by Joel Grey, introduction by Josh Kun. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. p. 105. ISBN 0-8195-6433-8. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
- ^ Internet Broadway Database listing ibdb.com, retrieved December 21, 2009
- ^ Zad, Martie. "Stars in Concert With Music of 'Oz'", The Washington Post, p. Y04, November 19, 1995
- ^ a b Internet Movie Database listing, Awards imdb.com, retrieved December 21, 2009
- ^ Internet Movie Database listing, Cabaret, Awards imdb.com, retrieved December 21, 2009
- ^ http://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/history/facts/
- ^ Kowarsky, Gerry. "Joel Grey Is A Charismatic 'George M!'", St. Louis Post-Dispatch (Missouri), p. 5F, August 5, 1992(1992 only)
- ^ Carter, Bill. "So 'Dallas' is Finally Over. Or Is It?", The New York Times, May 6, 1991, p.C14
- ^ a b Internet Movies Database listing, roles imdb.com, retrieved December 21, 2009
- ^ "Love is Difficult" episode summary tv.com, retrieved December 27, 2009
- ^ "New History" episode summary tv.com, retrieved December 27, 2009
- ^ "Cuba Libre" summary tv.com, retrieved December 27, 2009
- ^ "Bon Voyage! Anything Goes, With Sutton Foster and Joel Grey, Opens on Broadway" playbill.com
- ^ Gans, Andrew."'Normal Heart', with Joe Mantello, Ellen Barkin, John Benjamin Hickey, Will Play Broadway's Golden" playbill.com, February 23, 2011
- ^ Gioia, Michael. "Joel Grey, Reeve Carney, Rory O'Malley Are Givenik Ambassadors (Video)". Playbill. Playbill.
- ^ "Joel Grey to Be Honored by National Yiddish Theatre June 10" playbill.com
- ^ Laufenberg, Norbert B.Entertainment Celebrities , p. 274 google books, "Entertainment Celebrities", Trafford Publishing, 2005
- ^ Joel Grey Looking Hard at Unexamined Things. Joel Grey Photographer.
- ^ Samelson, Judy.SHELF LIFE: "American Theatre Reader," Photos by Joel Grey, New Looks at Bernstein and Horne playbill.com, May 30, 2009
- ^ "Joel Grey/A New York Life" Exhibition Will Open at Museum of the City of New York in April
- Parrish, James Robert; Vincent Terrace (1989). The Complete Actors' Television Credits, 1948–1988 1. p. 212. ISBN 0-8108-2204-0.
External links[edit]
- Joel Grey at the Internet Broadway Database
- Joel Grey at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
- Joel Grey at the Internet Movie Database
- Joel Grey papers, 1904-2001 (bulk 1949-2001), held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
- Joel Grey - Downstage Center interview at American Theatre Wing.org
- TonyAwards.com Interview with Joel Grey
- 1932 births
- American male film actors
- Jewish American male actors
- American male musical theatre actors
- BAFTA winners (people)
- Best Supporting Actor Academy Award winners
- Gilbert and Sullivan performers
- Living people
- Masters of Ceremonies
- Male actors from Cleveland, Ohio
- Tony Award winners
- Best Supporting Actor Golden Globe (film) winners
- Drama Desk Award winners
- 20th-century American male actors
- 21st-century American male actors
- American male television actors
- Male actors from Los Angeles, California
- American photographers


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Sat, Nov 24, 07 at 21:46
|hi thanks stopping in read my wants.
looking for petunia seeds,love large flowering types best.2 tone shades.yellow,blue,purple, red,white.wave cascading types.
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8 Ways to Turn Book Club Meetings into Unforgettable Experiences
Get great reviews from your group with these sensational suggestions
By Amelia Mularz
2. Read something scandalous.
When a relatively conservative group of 60-somethings chooses a saucy read like Fifty Shades of Grey, everyone shows up. Marcia Maule, a member of a book club in Crystal Lake, IL, says there was no shortage of conversation when her group gave gateway erotica a try last year. Leslie Sansom, who runs the virtual reading group The Dirty Girls Book Club, says other titles that may appeal to those new to the genre include Gabriel's Inferno, by Sylvain Reynard, and the Crossfire series, by Sylvia Day. Just be careful where the conversation takes you, warns Sansom. "You don't want to say something that might embarrass your partner at the next BBQ."


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Blood-thirsty Romans, frozen carcasses, wild jaguars, and a question: how do you build a better cage?
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text:
Setting the Framework
Since the start of this century, state colleges and universities in the Texas Border region have evolved into comprehensive regional institutions striving to meet the educational needs of a growing population. From the birth of a handful of tiny colleges before World War II to a sweeping state commitment to upgrade nine public universities during the 1990s, higher education along the border has mirrored the region's rapid growth, which includes a particularly youthful population eligible for college.
Heading toward the new century, Border residents must share a commitment with state and local leaders to post-high school education that can lead to dramatic, lasting job gains and economic prosperity. Hailing the state's infusion of more than $300 million into Border colleges in 1993, Lt. Gov. Bob Bullock said, "This will help us develop one of our state's great untapped resources--the people of South Texas. And it couldn't come at a better time, as the state prepares to meet the challenge of the North American Free Trade Agreement.1
Starting with a School of Mines
Public higher education in the Border region began in 1914 with the creation of the State School of Mines and Metallurgy in El Paso. The school, later called the University of Texas-El Paso, enrolled 27 students (including one from Mexico) in its first class. The Border's first community college, the College of the City of El Paso, opened in 1918. A second higher education institution, El Paso Junior College, operated from 1920 to 1927. 2
Border institutions in other cities followed. Sul Ross State University in Alpine was founded in 1919, and Texas A&I University (now Texas A&M at Kingsville) opened its doors in 1925. Texas A&M University International began as Texas A&I University at Laredo in 1970, became Laredo State University in 1977, and merged with the Texas A&M system in 1989. Edinburg Community College, later called the University of Texas-Pan American, began in 1927, gaining senior university status in 1952 and joining the University of Texas system in 1989.3
The University of Texas at San Antonio was founded in 1969 beginning as a graduate school. The school accepted upper-division students in 1975, and gained senior university status in 1976 when it accepted its first lower-division classes.
In 1971, the Texas Legislature authorized an upper-level institution in Corpus Christi, providing courses at the junior, senior, and graduate levels. In 1989, the Texas Legislature merged Corpus Christi State University into the Texas A&M University System and approved its expansion to a four-year comprehensive university. The Texas A&M University System Board of Regents renamed the institution Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi in 1993. The university began accepting freshman and sophomore students in 1994.
The Brownsville Independent School District created Texas Southmost College in 1926 as the Junior College of the Lower Rio Grande Valley. In 1991, when the Texas Legislature created the University of Texas at Brownsville from what had been Pan American University at Brownsville, state lawmakers authorized a unique higher education partnership combining the administrative, instructional, and support services of UT-Brownsville and Texas Southmost College.4 Together, the institutions began calling themselves the nation's first "community university." They share facilities and instructional staff and cultivate a seamless transition from community college to upper-level and graduate courses.
Access and Quality
Border high school graduates place no less importance on a college education than do other Texans. In 1990, Border high school graduates age 25 years or older participated in post-secondary education at almost the same rate as the state average--63.2 percent compared to 64.5 percent for the state. In fact, residents of Bexar and Webb counties exceeded the state average in having some college experience (see Table 4.1).
Historically, Border college students have studied close to home. In fall 1996, 67,500 college students from the Border region's six most populous counties were enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs at 35 senior public universities throughout the state. Almost 49,500 of these students, or nearly three out of four, were enrolled in Border universities close to home. Similar to trends throughout Texas, community college enrollment was even more localized. Border community college enrollment topped 71,000 students in 1996, almost all of it originating in the counties where the community colleges were located.
Two factors--the youth of the Border population and the region's rapid population growth--will increase demands for access to quality higher education in the years ahead. The population in the Border universities' service areas has historically been young and growing, but in 1994, a whopping 34 percent--almost 1.2 million residents--were less than 25 years old, compared to 30 percent for the state, according to the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Sixteen percent of the Border population, or more than half a million people, were in the 15-24-year-old category, compared to 15 percent for the state.
Like their peers across Texas and the nation, many young Border residents expect to pursue college careers. By 2010, more than 52,000 El Paso residents alone will be in the traditional college-going population (15-34 age group), a 54 percent increase from 1997. The Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board (THECB) estimates that by 2010, about 8,000 additional students will attend either UT-El Paso or El Paso Community College.
In South Texas, student enrollment in area community colleges and universities is projected to increase by 30 percent, or more than 40,000 by 2010, pushing total university and community college enrollment to about 170,000 students.
If projections hold, higher education in the Border region will require additional institutions and facilities--some of which have already begun. The $7 million Mission del Paso Center opened in January 1998, the first phase of a new campus planned for El Paso Community College. Texas A&M University International in Laredo first admitted freshmen and sophomore students in 1995. In other gains, South Texas Community College opened in McAllen, and UT-Brownsville became a four-year university by gaining the authority to admit freshmen and sophomores.5
South Texas/Border Initiative
Since the creation of the El Paso College of Mining and Metallurgy, Border leaders have sought additional funding for local colleges and universities (see Table 4.2). Also at play has been a desire to offer programs as good or better than the academic offerings of other public colleges and universities across Texas.
But it took a lawsuit to draw the attention of state leaders outside the Border. In 1987, the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund (MALDEF) sued in state district court alleging that Border universities were not getting their fair share of state funding. A major contention of the suit was that other Texas colleges and universities were offering more and better undergraduate and graduate degree programs in better facilities than what were available in the Border institutions. And while the Texas Supreme Court overturned a lower court's finding in favor of MALDEF, the resulting public debate over the needs of Border institutions drew the attention of lawmakers, who in 1989 approved the wide-ranging South Texas/Border Initiative.
The Initiative was an effort by the Texas Legislature to provide additional funding for Border universities and to help them achieve parity with other Texas institutions. Lawmakers merged some public Border institutions with the University of Texas and Texas A&M University systems and upgraded the status of five higher education institutions. Lawmakers also increased funding to all Border institutions. Furthermore, to improve course offerings at Border schools, the coordinating board authorized new academic programs and courses designed to have an immediate effect on Border community needs.
As the initiative progressed, the board added courses at each institution to ensure a full, basic inventory of college courses. New undergraduate or graduate degree programs approved for the South Texas/Border universities included computer science, chemistry, environmental science, criminology, gerontology, social work, special education, English as a Second Language, nursing, and math.
Institutional changes continued. Pan American University and Pan American University at Brownsville are now components of the University of Texas System, while Corpus Christi State University, Texas A&I University in Kingsville, and Laredo State University became part of the Texas A&M University System. Corpus Christi State also expanded from two-year to four-year status in 1994. And the University of Texas-Brownsville was designated a free-standing general academic institution, meaning it was no longer affiliated with UT-Pan American.
In its first year, the initiative drew upon more than $60 million in additional formula and special-item funding for program development. State lawmakers also authorized almost $240 million in revenue bonds to help underwrite construction and renovation projects at Border institutions. Through 1997, Border institutions had received more than $340 million in program and facilities funding.
Measured simply by dollars invested, the initiative made an immediate, dramatic impact. In only seven years, from fiscal 1990 through fiscal 1996, Border higher education reaped $87 million more in annual state funding, a 69 percent gain. Border colleges and universities also began to claim a bigger share of the state pie. They began the decade with $125.5 million in general revenue funding, or 11 percent of $1.1 billion appropriated to all Texas general academic institutions. By fiscal 1996, the reconfigured institutions were pulling down $212.5 million, or 15.2 percent of the state's $1.4 billion general fund appropriation to general academic institutions.
In 1996, South Texas institutions, with 15.6 percent of full-time students, received 15 percent of the general revenue funding for higher education. This was an improvement over 1990 when enrollment at these universities accounted for 13.7 percent of the state's college students and the Border institutions received 11.1 percent of general fund appropriations to higher education.
Academic program gains were equally unprecedented. On top of valuable affiliations with the state's two major university systems, Border institutions created 136 new academic programs, added 600 faculty members, erected several new buildings, and renovated still more.6
Texas' 10 public health-related institutions include health science centers and other facilities that provide health-related research, education, and patient care. The health science centers are located in El Paso, San Antonio, College Station, Lubbock, Houston, Tyler, Dallas, and Fort Worth. Other major health institutions include M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston and the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston.
Each health-related institution must justify its own budget request. In 1995, state appropriations accounted for 28 percent of funding to health-related institutions. These institutions obtained a large portion of funding from research awards, fees for health care services, and other sources.7 For the 1996-97 biennium, health-related institutions received $1.5 billion in general revenue funding.8
The 1997 Texas Legislature authorized a regional academic health center to serve the Lower Rio Grande Valley region by approving $30 million in tuition revenue bonds to build center facilities.9 The center will be located in either Cameron County or Hidalgo County.
Another proposal that may have long-term implications for medical education and health care services for the Border region is being considered by Texas officials and health education professionals. The Border Health Institute would mark the beginning of a partnership among Border health education and service institutions in West Texas, northern Chihuahua, and southern New Mexico to coordinate regional health studies, planning, education, and Border health research.10
Higher Education in a "Borderless" Region
Border institutions serve a multicultural population. Four Border universities exist in "twin-city" communities; that is, a Texas city and a neighboring Mexican city are linked by commerce and, increasingly, by shared resources.
UT-El Paso draws from the El Paso urban area, with 1.8 million inhabitants, and Texas A&M International University operates in Laredo, the Border's busiest port of entry. UT-Pan American and UT-Brownsville serve McAllen, Harlingen, Edinburg, Brownsville, and surrounding cities, which also have close economic and cultural ties with Mexico. UT-San Antonio, Texas A&M-Kingsville, and Texas A&M-Corpus Christi, while more distant from the Texas-Mexico border, nonetheless also have strong cultural and economic ties to Mexico.
Recognizing the importance of these links, the 1989 Texas Legislature waived nonresident tuition and fees for needy students from Mexico enrolled in Texas universities in counties adjacent to Mexico, and in 1991 at public colleges throughout the state.11 In fiscal 1996, nonresident tuition and fees were waived for 1,732 Mexican students at a cost of $9.9 million. Nearly 1,400 students, or 80 percent, enrolled at UT-El Paso, with the rest enrolling at UT-Pan American, UT-San Antonio, Texas A&M-International, and Texas A&M-Kingsville.12
From 1988 into early 1998, the two-way flow of goods, capital, people, and cultural influences between U.S. and Mexico increased dramatically. Each nation slowly established a larger, more permanent presence in the other, primarily through immigration and investment. Economic ties strengthened as maquiladora plants grew from assembly operations to sophisticated centers of production. As NAFTA took hold, Texas and U.S. businesses were eligible for greater direct involvement in Mexican businesses.
Persistent Challenges
At the dawn of the new century, public college and university leaders face three persistent challenges: the financial hardship of many students, who despite low state tuition often find higher education too costly; a seemingly endless need to teach students material previously taught in high school; and institutional desires to increase the number and quality of academic programs at both the community and senior college levels.
While paying for college concerns most Texas families, low per-capita incomes magnify the challenge for many Border students. In 1996, 63 percent of students receiving financial assistance at Border universities came from households with annual incomes of less than $20,000, compared to 55 percent of students receiving financial aid throughout the rest of Texas (see Table 4.3). In turn, students borrowed substantial amounts to attend college. Border families paid $42 million, or 14 percent, of a total estimated cost of $300.3 million to attend Border universities in 1996. In the same year, full-time Border university students (students taking more than 12 semester credit hours) received $141 million in financial aid, including $52 million in grants, $4.7 million in work-study funding, and $83.8 million in student loans. Students at Border universities account for two-thirds of the total unmet need for financial assistance in the state.
At the federal level, the Hope Scholarship program and increased funding for the Pell Grant program are designed to make it easier for families to pay for college. Changes to these programs are to take effect in 1999.
In Texas, the Texas Tomorrow Fund allows families to prepay tuition and required fees based on prices determined annually. The program is both a means and an incentive for families to pay for their children's future higher education expenses.
Contrary to popular belief, the state's low tuition does not always benefit its neediest students. Year after year, middle- to upper-income students and their families benefit more because they end up spending less of their income on tuition.13 For example, the average student from Hidalgo County, where estimated 1997 per-capita income is $12,350, will spend almost 17 percent of his income to pay tuition. Conversely, the average student from Dallas County, where the per-capita income is $30,746, will spend only 7 percent of her income on tuition.
In states with higher tuition rates, more students tend to qualify for financial aid. Therefore the states draw down more federal funds for higher education.
It stands to reason, then, that any increases in tuition hit students and families with low incomes harder than students and families earning more. Tuition and fees at Texas higher education institutions increased 125 percent from 1990 through 1997, from an average of $916 for a nine-month term to $2,069.14
To finish their degrees, Border college and university students often run up large debts. According to the Texas Guaranteed Student Loan Corporation (TGSLC), Texas students fell deeper into debt through the early 1990s. In 1996, the average TGSLC debt for Texas students leaving school (either graduating or withdrawing) was $10,027, up 34 percent from 1994. The debt average for Border university students ranged from a low of $4,600 at UT-Brownsville to $10,300 at UT-San Antonio (see Table 4.4).
Community college student debt also increased during the period. At two institutions--South Texas Community College in McAllen and Southwest Texas Junior College in Uvalde--departing student debts increased by more than 50 percent between 1994 and 1996, from $2,200 to $3,600 and from $3,500 to $5,500, respectively.
The 1996 loan default rate for students at three of the senior Border universities--UT-Pan American, Sul Ross University, and Texas A&M University-Kingsville--neared the state average of 22.9 percent. The loan default rate at Border community colleges is substantially higher than the state average. Also, the share of Border university students borrowing money to attend Border senior universities ranged from 19 percent at UT-El Paso to 55 percent at UT-Brownsville.
In 1996, loans to about 21,000 Border university students totaled $83.8 million, for an annual average of $4,023 per student, less than the state average of $5,200. But because Border university students average 10 semester credit hours per session, or about three courses a semester, they take longer to graduate. University of Texas at Austin students, on the other hand, average about 12 semester credit hours, or four courses per session.15
Due to family economic pressures, many Border students work and can't attend college full-time. They often take longer than the traditional four years to graduate. As a result, fewer than one-quarter of students at UT-San Antonio, UT-Pan American, and UT-El Paso graduate within six years.
The six-year graduation rates at other UT System components--UT-Arlington, 27 percent; UT-Dallas, 32 percent; and UT-Permian Basin, 27 percent--were slightly higher in 1996. In contrast, 63 percent of UT-Austin's freshmen graduated within six years.16
Higher education officials are developing rules and regulations to implement the law. Otherwise known as "developmental education" or "remediation," the practice of reteaching college students material they should have learned in high school has been widespread across Texas, especially since the establishment of the Texas Assessment of Scholastic Progress (TASP).
The TASP, taken by high school graduates and entering college students since 1989, has emerged as the key method for universities to assign students to remediation. Students are required to pass three sections, in reading, writing, and math, before taking upper-division courses. Failing students are often required to take remedial courses to brush up their skills.
The growth in the state's developmental education programs has been phenomenal. State appropriations increased 345 percent from $39 million in the 1988-89 biennium to $172 million in the 1998-99 biennium--all to pay for remedial education at the college level.17
The Legislature established TASP in 1987 following a THECB study that found many Texas students entered college poorly prepared for college-level work.18 In the succeeding decade, all students entering Texas public colleges and universities have been required to take the TASP or a locally approved basic skills assessment instrument. Students who score well on the high school exit-level Texas Assessment of Academic Skills, American College Testing, or the Scholastic Assessment Test are exempt from taking the TASP.
The TASP is the state's sole standardized basic skills assessment test. Community colleges and universities also use tests approved by their local boards. Regardless of the test used, public higher education institutions are required to provide developmental education for students who fail any part of an assessment test before they can take it again.
The developmental education courses do not count as credit for completion of degree requirements, and the student may not enroll in any upper-division courses at senior public universities nor graduate from a community college without passing all sections of the TASP test.
The 1997 Legislature capped state funding for developmental education courses provided by community colleges and universities.19 Beginning in September 1998, the state is slated to pay for 27 semester credit hours (nine courses) taken by a community college student and 18 semester credit hours (six courses) of developmental coursework taken by a student at a general academic institution.
Despite its value in identifying students who lag behind, the TASP has its critics, who contend that too many students graduate from high school unprepared for college and, at the same time, are spending thousands of dollars a year taking "catch-up" courses. The bottom line is that students are taking longer to graduate from college, increasing costs. Critics argue that the forced extensions discourage students from completing college.21
A smaller share of Texas high school graduates pass the test each year, a drop-off explained in part by a higher TASP passing standard and test exemptions granted to entering college students scoring well on the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TAAS), required for high school graduation, or college entrance exams.
In 1995, only half of Texas public high school graduates taking the TASP passed all three parts of the exam, compared to 78 percent of test-takers five years earlier.
Test results for Border students were mixed. TASP test takers from the 43 counties composing the Border region performed below the state average passing rate in 1995, with only 44 percent of test-takers passing all three parts of the test. However, the overall passing rates of students from Bexar and Nueces counties exceeded the state average. In the other largest Border counties, 49 percent of El Paso students passed all three areas of the TASP the first time, and the cumulative passing rate of high school graduates from Cameron, Hidalgo, and Webb counties was less than one-third (see Table 4.5). Even accounting for Border students exempted from the TASP because of high TAAS or college admission test scores, such a high failure rate could only be described as troubling.
Low TASP scores and related pressures to offer remedial or developmental education underscore a looming challenge for Border institutions. In September 1997, institutions' presidents publicly agreed that too many students enrolling in the region's universities were poorly prepared for college.20 Their collected numbers reinforced rising concerns. For instance:
* Sixty percent of first-year students dropping out of UT-San Antonio had a college grade point average of less than 2.0, traditionally equivalent to a "C";
* Thirty-nine percent of students at UT-Pan American had taken no college preparation courses in high school;
* Ninety percent of entering first-year students at UT-Brownsville required developmental education;
* Ninety percent of entering freshmen at Texas A&M-Kingsville took developmental education courses, and 60 percent of them still left the university after two semesters;
* The average student at Texas A&M International required 12 hours of developmental education before proceeding with college studies.
Developmental education has lengthened student stays in college by at least one year--further increasing the cost of attendance to students.
While Texas subsidizes all public college and university courses, developmental education costs more, mainly because courses require one-on-one instruction and, often, additional "laboratory" study in small groups. In 1998, the coordinating board estimated the developmental education cost per semester credit hour for a course offered at a senior university is $51.12, or $153.36 per three-hour course. The average cost for a developmental education community college course is estimated to be $175. The state's 1998-99 appropriation for developmental education neared $171 million.21 By subject matter, appropriations included more than $34 million for remedial reading courses, $37 million for similar writing courses, and nearly $89 million for catch-up math.22
As of 1998, Texas had 51 locally administered and governed junior and community college districts and three technical colleges. Enrollment in community colleges had increased by 41 percent since 1986, reaching 408,600 in 1995. For the 1996-97 biennium, the state appropriated about $1.3 billion to community colleges. Community colleges are funded partially by local taxes and partially by the state. State funding for instruction and administration is allocated through a contact hour-based formula developed by the THECB. Like senior public institutions, some community colleges also receive special item appropriations. Physical plant and related costs are borne by the local taxing districts.
The Texas State Technical College system consists of three colleges and four extension centers offering two-year technical degrees and certificate programs. Three other colleges offer two-year academic and technical education.23 These technical institutions are funded through a hybrid contact hour-based formula for administration and instructional activities as well as a physical plant funding formula.24
The mission of community colleges has historically been distinct from that of senior institutions. Community colleges offer lower-division academic courses, technical programs, literacy and workforce training, and continuing education programs. Community colleges charge students lower tuition and have an open admissions policy.
Tuition differences between community colleges and public universities also affect enrollment and funding. Average annual 1997-98 tuition and fees at community colleges are $753, compared to $2,069 at four-year institutions.25
It is important to note that community colleges provide most developmental education courses to Texas public college students. During 1998-99, more than $145 million of the state's $171 million appropriation for developmental education courses will go directly to community colleges.26 Border universities and community colleges account for $56 million of the total.
In addition, 1998-99 appropriations to Border institutions for developmental education account for a larger percentage of the appropriation for lower-division instruction than the state average. Statewide developmental education expenditures account for 10 percent of lower-division appropriations for community colleges; in Border community colleges, that amount is 17 percent.
Declining student TASP passing rates and the high related cost of remedial courses raise questions about how well Border students are prepared in high school for college work. The results also raise questions about how well colleges and universities are preparing teacher candidates to serve public school students.
A recent self-evaluation of West Texas A&M University's teacher preparation program by the College of Education's curriculum committee found that performance on the TASP test could be a predictor of success on the Examination for the Certification of Educators in Texas (ExCET). The researchers sampled the test results of 522 education students on five ExCET tests: elementary professional development, secondary professional development, elementary comprehensive, generic special education, and early childhood education. The evaluation concluded that students who scored below 256 on the TASP reading exam were likely candidates to fail the five specific ExCET exams.
Texas Teacher Education and Testing
According to the State Board for Educator Certification (SBEC), which oversees the teaching profession in Texas, a public school teacher can be certified four ways. She can complete a university-based Texas teacher preparation program or an approved alternative certification program. She can gain certification by examination. Or she can be certified based on attaining an out-of-state teaching certificate.27 All candidates, regardless of their certification route, are required to pass the ExCET, which measures both general preparation and knowledge in the teacher candidate's chosen subject matter.
In 1996, 60 percent of teachers receiving initial certification in Texas completed a university-based teacher preparation program.28 The college preparation program for elementary and secondary teachers differed only in the coursework taken for a teaching field. Elementary and secondary certification candidates were required to take a certain number of teaching theory and methods courses, successfully complete a 10-week student teaching assignment, and maintain at least a 2.5 grade point average.
In general, elementary teacher candidates work on interdisciplinary education degrees and build expertise in several subjects. Secondary teachers must declare an academic field such as English, history, or mathematics and must major in the subject they plan to teach.29 Candidates also have to pass the ExCET before certification, although they may fail a teaching field content test and still teach for one year under a special exemption. Historically, candidates who fail the ExCET on their first try take the ExCET several more times before passage.
Sorting ExCET results for test takers by university, the Legislative Budget Board (LBB) established minimum performance levels for each state university.
The SBEC, from another vantage point, based minimum performance standards for universities' teacher preparation programs and content-area skills on ExCET results from first-time and cumulative ExCET takers, with variations by university. While the LBB's ratings allow state lawmakers to make biennial budget recommendations, the SBEC analyses help the state teacher's board pinpoint universities that may need special help in advancing teacher candidates toward successful careers.
In particular, SBEC's passing score for each professional knowledge and content area test distinguishes between individuals considered competent and incompetent in job-related knowledge and skills.30 In 1998, acceptable passing scores range from 82 in economics and 80 in German to 69 and below for earth science, biology, secondary mathematics, English, middle school science, and history--a shifting scale that allows Texas teacher candidates to qualify for certification even if they are able to master only two-thirds of their basic subject matter.
Teacher Preparation in the Border Region
According to ExCET results, teacher candidates from Border universities appear less prepared to teach than other candidates in Texas.31 Teacher candidates from all the Border universities except two scored below the state average passing rate of 83.9 percent in 1996-97 (see Table 4.6).
Border teacher candidates performed well on the Spanish ExCET, but the first-time passing rate of Border students on tests in the English, mathematics, government, history, and biology teaching fields fell below state averages---of particular concern because only one of the teaching fields had a passing standard score higher than 70 (see Table 4.7). While a direct link between low ExCET scores for teachers and low TASP scores for high school students cannot be drawn, additional probing of the test results might identify opportunities for improvement.
The fact remains that TASP scores for Border high school graduates are, on average, below the state average, although students in 17 of 156 Border school districts exceeded the state average during 1995.32
Based on prior test results, the SBEC projects that 19 universities--nine of them state-funded--may fail to meet expected minimum performance levels by September 1998. If the required passing rate were raised to 75 percent of all first-time test takers and 85 percent of all cumulative test takers, the SBEC estimates that 15 state-funded universities and 17 private institutions could not meet the minimum performance levels.33 Border universities are in the latter category.
The possibility of such high failure rates presents dramatic challenges for university administrators, faculty, and, ultimately, teacher candidates themselves.
Recognizing poor passing rates on the ExCET, SBEC notified state universities and teacher preparation programs that a minimum average on the ExCET would be expected of teacher candidates.34 As of September 1, 1998, universities will be required to achieve a 70 percent pass rate for all first-time test-takers and an 80 percent pass rate for all teacher candidates. If an institution fails to meet the minimum requirements, the SBEC will place the university on "Accredited--Under Review" status, and an intervention team will be dispatched to recommend adjustments and provide technical assistance.35
Any affected university will then have three years to upgrade its accreditation status through improved ExCET scores. After one year, if an institution has not made satisfactory progress or implemented the recommendations of the intervention team, a master will be appointed to oversee the teacher preparation program. If no improvements are made after three years, the teacher preparation program will lose its accreditation entirely--effectively going out of business.
In 1995, the SBEC created the Educator Preparation Improvement Initiative (EPII), a training program that trains individuals to provide cost-free technical assistance to teacher preparation programs seeking to improve. From 1996 through 1997, EPII conducted 75 data analysis workshops during the summer and full school year or training sessions for colleges and universities throughout the state. The workshops included certifying and recertifying volunteers, due to changes in the ExCET, to serve as peer assistants during visits to the universities.36 By 1998, more than 200 volunteers were certified, with more individuals set to be certified during summer sessions. Procedures for the selection, composition, and training of the intervention teams to be sent to struggling institutions after September 1998 have yet to be developed.37
Opportunity Beckons
When state lawmakers merged five Border universities with the University of Texas and Texas A&M University systems in the late 1980s, the ability of the systems to provide the necessary expertise to improve fiscal and administrative operations played a positive role. After the mergers, however, the individual universities retained control over their academic programs, leaving system administrators with limited roles.
With the SBEC's strict accountability system slated to be in place by September 1998, an opportunity exists for the state's major university systems to focus on poor student performance on the ExCET and to take steps toward making teacher preparation programs more effective. Poor performance by teacher candidates in Border institutions (and elsewhere) could lead the state to disaccredit institutions. If the university systems that oversee the institutions fail to offer assistance, inaction could ultimately lead to a reduction in teacher preparation programs of any kind in the Border region--reducing the availability of teachers in an area already facing shortages of qualified classroom teachers.
Border university students incur heavy debt to obtain a college degree to increase their earning potential. The president of UT-Pan American reports that upon graduation, some individuals double what their parents annually earn.38 The starting salary for a teacher in South Texas in 1996-97 was $22,000, 41 percent greater than the 1995 average per capita income of $15,570 for the region.39 By 1997, the average teacher salary in the Border region was $32,000.40
Throughout Texas, students work part-time and take on substantial debts as they pursue a college degree. The same is true of Border students, who may incur deeper debts because of the additional year or so they devote to remedial coursework. But the fact that many students go on to graduate after years of studying while working proves their commitment to getting a college degree, as well as the value they place on higher education.
According to a 1996 THECB report, graduating Texas students spent an average of six years in college, were enrolled for 13.9 semesters, and attempted 155 semester credit hours of college work.41 Border students took longer, spending more money and devoting more time than the ideal. Students graduating from Border universities spent as many as 6.7 years in school, were enrolled for more than 15 semesters, and took anywhere from 141 to 174 semester credit hours of college work.
Higher education officials should address inadequacies in undergraduate and educator preparation programs. Higher education officials must respond quickly and forcefully to avert an impending crisis in state educator preparation programs. State universities need to take advantage of the resources available in their institutions to strengthen their academic and teacher preparation programs.
At stake, after all, is nothing less than the institutional and personal contracts forged whenever a Texas student enrolls at a state college or university. By admitting a student, both the state and the institution have committed themselves to provide opportunities for intellectual development and professional preparation.
Students, in turn, commit themselves to preparing for successful careers and lives. They trust in the quality of their education. Ultimately, state funding of university education is an investment in the education of each next generation, with every dollar doing double duty--paying for day-to-day classroom instruction and the promise of a generation well-schooled.42 For these commitments alone, state leaders should continue to ensure that every dollar goes to enhance access and quality for all.
|<--Public Education
|Workforce Development-->


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Hard Times Get Harder - Off-Ramp 9-24-11
Angel City Jazz Festival
Roscoe Mitchell, one of the featured performers. (Image: courtesy Angel City Jazz Festival)
On Off-Ramp this week, we featured just one band -- Todd Sickafoose & Tiny resistors -- from the many appearing at the 2011 Angel City Jazz Festival. Check out the link for even more, and the venues they'll be playing at across LA through Oct. 2.


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The Five Dumbest Things on Wall Street This Week: Oct. 19
2. (More) News Corp. Nonsense
Rebekah Brooks may have left News Corp. (NWSA) in disgrace, but she certainly didn't leave broke.
The former head of News Corp.'s U.K. newspaper business was blessed with a payout package worth about $11.3 million after the unit's phone-hacking scandal led to her ouster, according to a Bloomberg report. Apparently Brooks's going-away gift also included legal fees, cash and a chauffeur-driven car, said Bloomberg's source, who preferred to remain nameless since Brooks' payoff was non-public information.
Right on Rupert! It's nice to see you rewarding your loyal soldiers for taking bullets -- or cream pies -- for you.Brooks, who left the company in July 2011, will certainly need to muster all the support she can get. She and a host of other over-eager so-called journalists will stand trial next year for the crimes of intercepting the voice mail of celebrities, lawmakers and crime victims, and then conspiring to cover it up. As to whether she will continue to cover up any alleged indiscretions made by her benefactor Rupert, well, that remains to be seen. We imagine that $11.3 million and a personal driver probably go a long way in getting somebody to keep their mouth shut. Moreover, it's a small price to pay considering the company has spent more than $315 million for legal fees, settlements and the elimination of its News of the World tabloid. And speaking of shutting people up -- and out -- Rupert confirmed Tuesday that shareholders rejected a proposal to split the top two roles at the media giant and eliminate the company's dual stock capital structure at the annual shareholder meeting in Los Angeles. Investors mounted the campaign to try and rein in the Murdoch family's power at the company and increase accountability in the aftermath of this embarrassing and costly episode. Oh please. As if these dissident shareholders ever had the slightest chance at taking power from the Murdoch clan. Forget a pie in the face. That whole idea was just a pie in the sky.
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How to Make Vintage Teacup Candles
Edited by Emmatigerlily, Maluniu, Defiant Dreamer, Jordan
Add elegance to any room or give as bridal party favors, making homemade vintage teacup candles will add class and uniqueness to any affair.
1Prepare cup(s). Set up wicks inside clean teacups by placing the wick in between two wooden skewer sticks and taping the ends.
- Place sticks with wick over the top of the cup so that the wick is standing in the middle of the cup.
2Melt wax. Place wax flakes in your double boiler or pan and turn heat on stove to medium.
- Stir flakes frequently so flakes dissolve evenly. Flakes should appear opaque as they melt.
- Add one or two drops of food coloring (or until desired color is achieved).
3Pour melted wax into teacups. Using oven mitts to protect your hands, pour wax into waiting teacups. Pour slowly as you don't want to disturb the position of the wick.
4Allow for ample dry time before using or giving as a gift. The wax should appear cloudy and smooth to the touch and it is ready.
- Trim wick to size using sharp scissors.
Things You'll Need
- Vintage tea cups (or cups that look vintage)
- Wax candle flakes
- Wooden skewer sticks
- Scotch tape
- Sharp scissors
- Double boiler or pan
- Candle wicks
- Food coloring (optional)
- Add aroma using a few drops of essential oil into the melting wax.
- Consider using industrial strength glue to adhere the cup to the saucer.
Sources and Citations
Article Info
Featured Article
Categories: Featured Articles | Candle Making
Recent edits by: Defiant Dreamer, Maluniu, Emmatigerlily
Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 4,336 times.


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Two Remaining Webinars Approach in CFPB Training Series
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Rules have been the talk of the financial services industry for months, but now is the time to find the information you need, from the source you trust.
MCUL & Affiliates is hosting a series of five CFPB webinars, with three already available as 24/7 access Webinar on Demands. Two upcoming webinars are still slated, the next on Appraisal Rules, TILA/RESPA & Disclosure Integration, Plus Vendor Regs taking place March 26, followed by Overdraft Services Update, Remittance Transfers & Payday Lending on April 11.
Both webinars take place from 1 p.m. to 2:30 p.m. (EST) and will be facilitated by attorney Rob Rutkowski. The webinars include complimentary archives that may be downloaded, saved and shared, and are priced at just $129 per connection. Credit unions that have already purchased three MCUL & Affiliates compliance topic webinars, qualify for 50% off a fourth compliance webinar.


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The editors of the Journal for Research in Mathematics Education encourage the submission of a variety of manuscripts.
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Submit through the JRME Online Manuscript Submission and Review System.
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Hello Everybody!
Okay, so I've had this 2GB SanDisk SD Card that I've used for almost a year now. Today I put it in an adapted and stuck it in the MMC/SD Reader for my 2003 Windows XP/HP Pavillion and it said that it had been installed in my computerbut I needed to restart it. Well I decided to put it off like other might have done and when I tried to access it on My Computer, a window popped up that said "The disk in Drive G is not formatted. Do you want to format it now?" So I click yes and the format window comes up and I click "Start". By then another window comes up that says "WARNING: Formatting will erase ALL data on this disk. To format the disk, click OK. To quit, click CANCEL". So I click OK and it starts but then ANOTHER window comes up that says "Windows was unable to complete the format".
Any Help?
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Unable to Format: 2GB SanDisk SD Card [Solved/Closed]
Rick Rikard - Latest answer on Jul 8, 2010 03:53AM
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I don't often need a reason to play on the computer, but the coolest thing popped into my email inbox last week from Martha Stewart. At her site, you can download a photo of your choice and have it "glitterized", which means it is automatically separated into segments of color (kind of like a paint by numbers effect), like this-
You also get a list of suggested Martha Stewart colors to complete your image (and a coupon!).
I'm feeling a Gracie picture for Emma coming on big time-


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''The Ref'' is one of the best anti-Christmas DVDs
WHO'S NAUGHTY AND NICE Denis Leary, Kevin Spacey, and Judy Davis
PREMISE After botching a heist on Christmas Eve, cat burglar Gus (Leary) takes hostage Lloyd and Caroline Chasseur (Spacey and Davis, at right), to avoid capture by the police. Gus is forced to act as a de facto marriage counselor to quiet down the squabbling couple, assuming the role for real when Lloyd's annoying relatives drop by for Christmas dinner.
BAH, HUMBUG! MOMENT When Lloyd's nephew complains that the television is broken and asks what he should do with himself, his acidic mother (Christine Baranski) retorts: "Celebrate the birth of Christ!"
MEMORABLE QUOTE ''You know what I'm going to get you next Christmas, Mom?'' Lloyd asks. ''A big wooden cross, so that every time you feel unappreciated for your sacrifices, you can climb on up and nail yourself to it!''


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airline tickets Morocco
The Moroccan landscape is one of spectacular extremes – from the snow-covered mountains in the north to the dry deserts in the south of the country. Morocco has beautiful, wild landscapes. It also boasts a number of impressive cities, such as Marrakech. The lively Djemaa el-Fna square in the centre of Marrakech is a decor that belongs to one of the famous Arabian fairy tales. The colourful water sellers in traditional dress, the acrobats and the jugglers, the inspiring storytellers and fascinated listeners is a colourful spectacle – especially during the afternoon and evening.
Agadir is a modern holiday resort on the west coast of Morocco. The tourist centre of Agadir lies close to the beach. Agadir also has an old city centre, which is known as the Kasbah. There is actually not that much to see in the Kasbah except the port and parts of the wall, but the view over Agadir is fantastic. Just outside of the city you can find a number of tranquil beaches that slope gently towards the sea. Here you can enjoy a variety of water sports. Agadir is an excellent starting location for all kinds of excursions, such as a jeep safari, a visit to Marrakech or the Vallée des Oiseaux.
The city of Marrakesh is called the pearl of the south and looks as if it has come from a Thousand and One Nights. It borders on the Sahara, with oases that invite you on enticing walks through impressive chasms and along palm oases. In the nearby Atlas Mountains, you will find picturesque villages where the Berber population lives. In the lively city itself, you will enjoy the incredible dynamics between the old walls around the medina and the Arab quarter. From there you walk along the avenue Mohammed V to the modern Marrakesh, built during the French mandate. You will encounter businesses, shops and cafés.
With its 400,000 inhabitants, Oujda is an important city in Morocco. The city in the north-east of Morocco covers an area of 20,700 km2. The extraordinary location of Oujda means it is a crossroads between Morocco and the other countries of North Africa and between Morocco and Europe. The city of Oujda has many functions, which makes it an important regional capital.


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Jynx Maze – Three to One Advantage
Jynx Maze – Three to One Advantage
Chester came by Julies place to give the pool a regular cleaning. She told him to go around to the back to began working, like usual. He started to clean the pool while Julie decided to take a
shower in the bathroom with the glass door facing the pool. She slowly undressed and made sure he was watching her from outside. She enjoyed teasing him with her big beautiful tits as she was
in the shower. She walked out the bathroom and he ran up to the window for a closer look. She came out of the side door and caught him peeking. She grabbed him and pulled him inside to the
bedroom. She threw him on the bed and stuffed his cock in her mouth. She got her big tits fucked and her pussy pounded. She got man juice all over those huge knockers. She immediately told
him to go finish cleaning the pool and she was not kidding.
Hello Gringos! Today Tony and I were walking around and we spot the sexy Alline. We glanced and at her and fell in love immediately! Her ass was irresistible and Tony had to fuck it. So he approached and set it off immediately! She gave in and let us take her back to our place. There she should us how much of a freak she was when she showed us her dildo! How fucking nuts was
that! We had her play with herself then it was Tonys turn for some fun and let Alline have some REAL dick!
Daredorm once again makes Internet history. This is the first dorm party that we see the Potty Bong. Leave it to an engineer major to come up with something like that. He constructed this huge
beer bong out of a toilet, that works beautifully. Once you see it, it totally makes you wanna take a beer bong hit. Add some fine horny girls into the mix, and you get an historic daredorm party. A
couple took one of the cameras and had an awesome fuck fest in the janitors room, only to come back to the dorm and find a steamy foursome in the works.
Caiu na Net - Sirley de Vila Velha – ES
Caiu na Net – Samara GP De Luxo, Filmando seu Programa


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Uber, Lyft could solve transportation problemson January 27, 2014 @ 10:34 am (Updated: 11:26 am - 1/27/14 )
Perhaps, but only if government gets out of the way.
David Boze tackled the emerging rideshare industry, enabled by phone applications like Uber, Lyft, and Sidecar.. These services allow ride-seekers to request rides with their smartphones. Then an ordinary car owner, an independent contractor, arrives to give that person a ride.
Cab drivers and governments are upset about these apps. That's because the government makes millions off of exorbitant taxi medallion fees, and, of course, cabbies have to pay those exorbitant fees. Rideshare apps exist outside the traditional cab rules and regulations.
But if - and it's a big if - government can forgo those fees, rideshare apps might be the future of public transportation.
"It looks to me like this could be the kind of technological innovation that will make a lot of government plans obsolete; it could make transit facilities obsolete," Boze said.
That's because, the more rideshare programs that are available, the cheaper they become. These services are far more flexible than traditional bus routes, and certainly more flexible than fixed-track trolley or light rail lines. Rideshare programs may meet the needs of low-income commuters better than traditional government-run transportation.
"It's another way of providing these same services at a lower cost," Boze said. "This technology might be an open door to ideas that could dramatically move low income people from point A to point B. It could really transform the way people move."
Originally from the Northeast, Neal McNamara has worked as a news reporter for more than 10 years at newspapers across the U.S., landing most recently in Seattle.
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Look inside: Read a sample
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Look inside: Read a sample


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - View original article
|Mumford & Sons
Mumford & Sons performing at Teatro Romano, Verona in 2012
|Background information
|London, England
|Folk rock, bluegrass
|Years active
|2007–2013 (On hiatus)
|Gentlemen of the Road, Island (UK), Universal Music (Canada), Universal Music Australia (AUS), Glassnote (US).
|Associated acts
|Old Crow Medicine Show
Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros
Laura Marling
The Wedding Band
|Marcus Mumford
Winston Marshall
Ben Lovett
Ted Dwane
|Mumford & Sons
Mumford & Sons performing at Teatro Romano, Verona in 2012
|Background information
|London, England
|Folk rock, bluegrass
|Years active
|2007–2013 (On hiatus)
|Gentlemen of the Road, Island (UK), Universal Music (Canada), Universal Music Australia (AUS), Glassnote (US).
|Associated acts
|Old Crow Medicine Show
Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros
Laura Marling
The Wedding Band
|Marcus Mumford
Winston Marshall
Ben Lovett
Ted Dwane
Mumford & Sons are an English folk rock band. The band consists of Marcus Mumford (lead vocals, guitar, drums, mandolin), Ben Lovett (vocals, keyboards, accordion, drums), Winston Marshall (vocals, banjo, guitar, resonator guitar), and Ted Dwane (vocals, string bass, drums, guitar). Mumford & Sons were formed in December 2007, emerging from West London with such artists as Laura Marling, Johnny Flynn and Noah and the Whale.
Mumford & Sons recorded an EP, "Love Your Ground", and performed in small to medium-sized venues in the UK and the United States playing to new audiences and raising interest for a forthcoming album. Their debut album, Sigh No More, was released in the UK and Ireland in October 2009, and February 2010 in the US. The album reached number one in Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, and eventually peaked at number two on the UK Albums Chart and the Billboard 200 in the US. The band gained popularity throughout 2010, performing for larger audiences and making their first network television appearances in the US. On 1 December 2010, the band received two Grammy Award nominations, one for Best New Artist and the other for Best Rock Song ("Little Lion Man"). The ensuing live performance at the Grammy ceremony in February 2011 led to increased airplay and popularity for singles from Sigh No More. The band won the ARIA Music Award for Most Popular International Artist in 2010, and the Brit Award in 2011 for Best British Album.
The band's second studio album Babel was released in September 2012.[1] The album debuted at number one in the UK and US, becoming the fastest selling album of 2012 in the UK, and the second-biggest selling debut in 2012 in the US.[2][3] At the 2013 Grammy Awards, they sang "I Will Wait" and Babel won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year. In 2013 the band won a Brit Award for Best British Group.
On 20 September 2013, the band announced they were going on hiatus for a "considerable amount of time."[4] In December 2013, the band's bassist, Ted Dwane, stated that the band would be meeting to write new music in February 2014.[5]
Mumford & Sons were formed in December 2007 by multi-instrumentalists Marcus Mumford, Ben Lovett, Winston Marshall, and Ted Dwane.[6] Band members play guitar, drums, keyboard instruments, bass guitar, and traditional folk instruments such as banjo, mandolin and resonator guitar.[7] The band name originates from the fact that Marcus Mumford was the most visible member, organising the band and their performances. Lovett indicated that the name was meant to invoke the sense of an "antiquated family business name".[8]
A handful of similar bands were increasing their visibility in West London around the same time, giving rise to the label "West London folk scene". Mumford downplays that characterisation as an exaggeration—Mumford & Sons and a few other folk acts just happened to be operating in the same general area at the time. In an interview with the Herald Sun, Marcus Mumford said, "It's not folk really. Well, some of it is, and it's certainly not a scene. Someone got over-excited about a few bands who live in a hundred-mile radius and put it in a box to sell it as a package. It's a community, not a scene. It's not exclusive."[6] Having developed in the same musical and cultural environment, Mumford & Sons' sound has been compared to that of artists such as Noah and the Whale, Johnny Flynn, and Laura Marling, for whom Marcus Mumford used to drum.[9]
In early 2008 the band began working with manager Adam Tudhope, who, as part of management company Everybody's, also represents Keane and Laura Marling.[10] It was through Tudhope's connection that Mumford & Sons were exposed to their future A&R at Island, Louis Bloom, who began monitoring the band. Bloom told HitQuarters that they were still at a fledgling state and not yet ready for a label deal: "There was no one there for it, just a few friends, and they needed time to develop. Over the next six months I kept going to see them and they were literally picking up fans every time."[10]
In February 2008, the band completed an extensive UK tour with support from Alessi's Ark, Sons of Noel and Adrian, Peggy Sue, and others. June 2008 marked the band's first appearance at the Glastonbury Festival.[7] They also toured Australia with Laura Marling, whose disinclination to interact with audiences encouraged Mumford into the spotlight. The experience helped inform his attitude toward Mumford & Sons audiences, which is to interact frequently and to try to create a comfortable, casual atmosphere.[6] Mumford & Sons' first project was an EP entitled Love Your Ground which took a year to complete and was released in November 2008 on Chess Club Records.[7]
Throughout 2008 and into 2009, Mumford & Sons performed in small to moderate venues in the UK and US, exposing audiences to Love Your Ground tracks and other material that would eventually become Sigh No More. The band finally recorded Sigh No More with Markus Dravs, who had produced albums with artists such as Arcade Fire.[6] At the time, band members did not even own their own instruments—Dravs initially turned them away when they showed up at the recording sessions empty-handed.[11] The only track from Love Your Ground to be included on Sigh No More was "Little Lion Man". The band told the Herald Sun that they self-financed the album to avoid the artistic and technical compromises that sometimes befall studio-financed projects.[6] They toured again in support of Laura Marling in 2009, and Mumford & Sons were contributing musicians to her 2010 album I Speak Because I Can.[6][12]
In August 2009, Mumford & Sons signed a licensing deal to Island Records in the UK, to Dew Process in Australia and New Zealand, to Glassnote Records in North America and Cooperative Music in the rest of the world, and through its own label Gentlemen of the Road. Dew Process boss Paul Piticco signed the band after witnessing a US performance in 2009 and appreciating their "honest" approach and unique sound.[6] Their debut album was released on 5 October 2009 with "Little Lion Man" as the lead single.
Dave Berry of XFM named "Little Lion Man" his record of the week, and in another interview with the band, Berry said "Screw 'of the week', it's my favourite track of the year." BBC Radio 1 DJ Zane Lowe made "Little Lion Man" his "Reaction Record" on 27 July 2009,[13] before naming it the "Hottest Record in the World" the following evening.[14]
In their first performance on US network television, the band played "Little Lion Man" on CBS's Late Show with David Letterman on 17 February 2010. This appearance was followed by a performance of "The Cave" on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson on 26 February 2010.[15] Mumford & Sons have been commercially successful in Australia and New Zealand. By January 2010 "Little Lion Man" topped the Triple J Hottest 100 list for all of 2009, with its margin of victory the largest in the history of the chart.[16] In November 2010, the band won an ARIA Music Award for Most Popular International Artist.[17] Sigh No More first reached number 9 on the New Zealand charts in October 2010, and subsequently topped the chart in January 2011 due to the popularity of the singles from the album.[18]
In a March 2010 interview, Ray Davies announced that Mumford & Sons will be appearing on his forthcoming collaborations album.[19] Marcus Mumford confirmed this in an interview the same month, stating, "I am more excited about that than I have been about anything before in my life".[6] Mumford & Sons performed the track "Days/This Time Tomorrow" along with Davies on 12 February 2010 on Later... with Jools Holland.[20]
In December 2010, Mumford & Sons earned Grammy Award nominations for Best New Artist and Best Rock Song ("Little Lion Man"). While they did not go on to win an award, the band performed their single "The Cave" at the Grammy ceremony. The performance earned positive media attention and boosted visibility for Sigh No More—US sales increased by 99% in the period following the ceremony in February 2011.[21][22] The album subsequently peaked at number two on the UK Albums Chart and the Billboard 200 in the US.[23][24]
On 7 December 2010, in collaboration with Dharohar Project and Laura Marling, Mumford & Sons released an EP album recorded in Delhi, India. The album was recorded in a makeshift studio with traditional Rajasthani musicians and features four collaborations, including multicultural mash-ups of Marling's "Devil's Spoke" and Mumford & Sons' "To Darkness." Sigh No More is certified 2x Platinum in the US[25] and 4x Platinum in the UK.[26]
The band continued to grow in popularity in 2011, winning several major awards and headlining larger shows and festivals. In February 2011, they received a European Border Breakers Award for their international success.[27] They received a Brit Award for British Album of the Year with Sigh No More and performed "Timshel" at the ceremony.[8] UK sales of the album subsequently increased by 266 percent.[22] While touring the United States in early 2011, the band began writing songs for the follow-up album. Keyboardist Ben Lovett credited the creative atmosphere of Nashville, Tennessee with easing the songwriting process.[28] While performing in Kansas City, Missouri on 3 June, the first stop of their US tour, the band announced they had been recording a new album, initially set to be released in late 2011. They then performed several new tracks from the forthcoming album, the title of which was not revealed.[29]
In April 2011 the group joined Old Crow Medicine Show and Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros on the inaugural Railroad Revival Tour, which was inspired by the Festival Express tour across Canada in 1970 that included Buddy Guy, Janis Joplin, The Grateful Dead, and The Band.[30] Travelling exclusively in vintage rail cars, the three bands performed in six "unique outdoor locations" over the course of a week starting in Oakland, California.[31] Ketch Secor of Old Crow told American Songwriter that "It's like we left all our baggage at home and just brought our instruments," often writing new songs while on the train.[32] "We were just on these old rattling rails. It was a railroad odyssey that would have made Woody and Doc tip their hats and blow their whistles,"[33] he says. They appear in the musical documentary Big Easy Express, directed by Emmett Malloy, being made of the trip which premiered March 2012 at the South by Southwest Film Conference and Festival (SXSW Film) in Austin, Texas[34]—winning the Headliner Audience Award.[35] The film went on to win "Best Long Form Video" at the 2013 Grammy Awards.[36]
Mumford & Sons played at the Glastonbury Festival on Friday 24 June 2011, and then embarked on a North American tour on which they frequently performed songs from the upcoming album.[37] They recorded two songs for Andrea Arnold's adaptation of Wuthering Heights, one of which (entitled "Enemy") is featured during the closing credits.[38] In June 2012, Mumford & Sons contributed the song "Learn Me Right" with Birdy to the Pixar film Brave, which came to be called "Not with Haste".[39]
On 16 July 2012, Mumford & Sons officially announced the details of their second studio album Babel, including the release date of 24 September 2012 and a track listing of 12 songs.[40] A deluxe edition containing three exclusive songs was also announced. A week later, the album became available for pre-order.[41] The lead single "I Will Wait" premiered on Zane Lowe's BBC Radio 1 show on 7 August.[42][43] Their performance of I will wait at Glastonbury has been repeatedly used throughout each night for most of 2013 on BBC 2 as part of the channels self-promotion. On 29 August 2012, Mumford & Sons recorded their concert at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Colorado.[44] The Concert was later released on DVD, Vinyl and on iTunes as "Road to Red Rocks". The performance of "I Will Wait" from the concert was released ahead of the DVD on 9 September as the band's official video for the song.[44] On 22 September 2012, the band performed two songs from the new album, "I Will Wait" and "Below My Feet", on Saturday Night Live.[45]
Babel debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the US Billboard 200.[2][3] It became the fastest selling album of 2012 in the UK, selling over 158,000 copies in its first week, and was the biggest selling debut of any album in 2012 in the US, selling 600,000 in its first week,[2][3] and over a million worldwide.
The first phase of a 2013 world tour in support of Babel was released in November 2012.[46] Their Gentlemen of the Road tour continued through 2013. After performing two shows on 8 & 9 June 2013 at the Austin360 Amphitheater in Austin, Texas, United States, bassist Ted Dwane checked himself into a hospital the next day. Surgeons found a blood clot on the surface of his brain and performed surgery on Dwane to remove it. Heeding medical advice to aid Dwane's recovery, the band cancelled the rest of its Summer Stampede Tour, including performances at the 2013 Bonnaroo Music Festival and returned to the United Kingdom.[47] Dwane's surgery was successful, and his recovery was such that the band managed to headline Glastonbury Festival.
In December 2012, Winston Marshall told NME that the band was rehearsing and writing for their next album.[48]
After first including select stopover cities in their 2012 Tour, the band decided to once again select five cities throughout the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom to play host to a two day festival with continual shows on multiple stages as well as various other activities and performances. The first stopover of the 2013 Gentleman of the Road tour was in Lewes, England from the 19th to 20 July. Next was Simcoe, Ontario from the 23rd to 24 August, followed by Troy, Ohio from the 30th to 31 August. The band rounded out their tour with stopovers in Guthrie, Oklahoma on 6 and 7 September and finally St. Augustine, Florida on 13 and 14 September. The Vaccines, Edward Sharpe & the Magnetic Zeros, Vampire Weekend, Old Crow Medicine Show, Yacht Club DJs, Alabama Shakes, and various other bands also performed at many of the stopovers throughout the tour.[49]
On 20 September 2013, they announced they were going on hiatus for a "considerable amount of time.".[4] "There won't be any Mumford & Sons activities for the foreseeable future following Friday's show," said Ben Lovett, the keyboardist, in an interview with Rolling Stone.[50]
The band uses bluegrass and folk instrumentation, such as a banjo, upright bass, mandolin and piano, played with a rhythmic style based in alternative rock and folk. Much of Mumford & Sons' lyrical content has a strong literary influence, its debut album name deriving from William Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing. The track "Sigh No More" includes lines from the play such as Serve God love me and mend, For man is a giddy thing, and One foot in sea and one on shore. The song "Roll Away Your Stone,"'s title alludes to Macbeth; the song includes the line Stars hide your fires/And these here are my desires which borrows and pares down Macbeth's line in Act 1 Scene 4:Stars, hide your fires,/Let not light see my black and deep desires.[51] In an interview, Mumford was quoted as saying, "You can rip off Shakespeare all you like; no lawyer's going to call you up on that one."[52][53]
Additionally, "The Cave" includes several references to The Odyssey, in particular the sirens that Odysseus encounters on his journey home. The song also contains many references to G.K. Chesterton's book, St. Francis of Assisi, in which Chesterton uses Plato's Cave as a way of explaining how St. Francis views the world from God's perspective. In addition, the song "Little Lion Man" appears to be a retelling in dramatic monologue form of Chretien de Troyes' Yvain, the Knight of the Lion, which is the story of a knight who goes mad after betraying a promise to his wife to return to her.
"Here's the elevator pitch on Mumford & Sons: U2 meets Old Crow Medicine Show at Bruce Springsteen's house. They have Old Crow's rootsy instrumentation and vintage wardrobe, and they share the Boss' heart-on-the-sleeve sincerity and world-conquering ambition. From U2 the band takes a melodramatic sense of musical dynamics, and singer-lyricist Marcus Mumford models Bono's strategy for rendering spiritual longing in terms that are accessible to a post-Christian world."[54]
Both "Timshel" and "Dust Bowl Dance" draw heavily from the John Steinbeck novels Of Mice and Men, East of Eden and The Grapes of Wrath. Mumford, in an interview, even compared touring to a Steinbeck adventure: "[Steinbeck] talked about how a journey is a thing of its own, and you can't plan it or predict it too much because that suffocates the life out of it. That's kind of what touring is like. Even though there's a structure—you know what towns you're going to, and that you'll be playing a gig—pretty much anything can happen."
In the documentary Big Easy Express, Marcus Mumford recognises the Old Crow Medicine Show influence: "I first heard Old Crow's music when I was, like, 16, 17, and that really got me into, like, folk music, bluegrass. I mean, I'd listened to a lot of Dylan, but I hadn't really ventured into the country world so much. So Old Crow were the band that made me fall in love with country music."[55] Mumford acknowledges that "the band inspired them to pick up the banjo and start their now famous country nights in London." Ketch Secor, Old Crow front-man, concurs: "Those boys took the message and ran with it."[56]
Emmylou Harris was ...
". . among the gateway artists who helped Mumford and bandmates Ben Lovett, Ted Dwane and Winston Marshall discover their love for American roots music. It started with the 'O Brother, Where Art Thou?' soundtrack ... That eventually led them to the Old Crow Medicine Show and then deep immersion in old-timey sounds from America's long-neglected past."[57]
Not every critic is impressed with the group's style. Ian Brennan, writing in Guitar Player, lamented that "a band like Mumford & Sons unplugs and bulldozes all of the subtlety out of a working-class art form. The degree of artificiality that we are steeped in had deepened to such a degree that a group of aristocratic Brits (one of whom is the son of a billionaire who is among the richest men in England) can ride to the top of the charts and win an Americana award with hardly a soul batting an eye."[58]
|American Music Awards
|Mumford & Sons
|Favorite Alternative Rock Artist
|ARIA Music Awards
|Mumford & Sons
|Most Popular International Artist
|Billboard Music Awards
|Sigh No More
|Top Rock Album
|Top Alternative Album
|"Little Lion Man"
|Top Rock Song
|Top Alternative Song
|"The Cave"
|Mumford & Sons
|Top Rock Artist
|Top Alternative Artist
|Brit Awards
|Mumford & Sons
|Best British Group
|Best Breakthrough Act
|Sigh No More
|British Album of the Year
|Mumford & Sons
|Best British Group
|Best Live Act
|Brits Global Success
|British Album of the Year
|Echo Awards
|Mumford & Sons
|International Rock/Pop Group
|Grammy Awards
|Mumford & Sons
|Best New Artist
|"Little Lion Man"
|Best Rock Song
|"The Cave"
|Record of the Year
|Song of the Year
|Best Rock Performance
|Best Rock Song
|Album of the Year
|Best Americana Album
|"I Will Wait"
|Best Rock Performance
|Best Rock Song
|"Learn Me Right (From Brave)"
|Best Song Written For Visual Media
|Big Easy Express
|Best Long Form Music Video
|Juno Awards
|International Album of the Year
|MTV Video Music Awards
|"Little Lion Man"
|Best Cinematography
|"The Cave"
|Best Rock Video
|NME Awards
|Mumford & Sons
|Best New Band
|Q Awards
|Mumford & Sons
|Best New Act
|"The Cave"
|Best Track
|Teen Choice Awards
|Mumford & Sons
|Choice Rock Group
|Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Mumford & Sons
Media related to Mumford & Sons at Wikimedia Commons


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