text:
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State Board of Higher Education
SBHE Members
SBHE Members
Kirsten Diederich
Board Chair
Kirsten Diederich, Ph.D., Fargo, N.D., is recently retired from a 16-year career as an assistant professor of biology at Concordia College, Moorhead, Minn., where she taught cell biology, anatomy and physiology, and evolutionary psychology.
Diederich has been named to the Board of Directors for the Association of Community College Trustees (ACCT) for 2013. She was also recently appointed ND ACCT Coordinator for the Western Region.
Diederich is a member of the FM AM Rotary Club and the National Science Teachers Association. She has served on the Rape and Abuse Crisis Center board of directors and has been involved in fundraising activities for NDSU and the FM Symphony. She also has served on the First Lutheran Church Council and as a volunteer for the FM Humane Society.
She graduated from Fargo North High School and attended the University of North Dakota for three years before earning a bachelor's degree in psychology from North Dakota State University. She went on to earn a master's in entomology and a doctorate in zoology from NDSU.
Appointed to the board in 2010 and reappointed in 2014, Diederich's term expires June 30, 2018.
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Terry Hjelmstad
Vice Chair
Terry Hjelmstad, Ed.D., Minot, N.D., is a retired high school assistant principal, athletic director, teacher and career education mentor. He served Minot Public Schools in many capacities, beginning in 1973 and ending in 2010.
Hjelmstad's career also includes two years away from Minot when he taught physical education and coached baseball at the University of North Dakota and three years when he was assistant principal at Sunrise Mountain High School and Cactus High School in Peoria, Ariz. Hjelmstad has served on many boards and committees, including the North Dakota High School Athletic Directors Association, the North Dakota High School Activities Association, the North Dakota Sports Hall of Fame Committee and the Norsk Hostfest advisory committee.
A native of Glenburn, N.D., Hjelmstad graduated from Glenburn High School. He earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics in 1967, a master's degree in education administration in 1982 and a doctorate in education administration in 1985, all from the University of North Dakota.
Appointed to the board in 2011, Hjelmstad's term on the board expires June 30, 2015.
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Christopher McEwen
Christopher McEwen is a current graduate student at North Dakota State University pursuing a master's degree in applied statistics. He also holds a bachelor of science degree in statistics and psychology from the same university.
McEwen served as president of the Graduate Student Association for the last year where he acted as the primary representative for NDSU graduate students and actively participated in many university committees, as well as Student Government. He is also an active member of the North Dakota Student Association and has served in several different roles during the course of his membership.
Raised on military bases, McEwen attended high school in Minot and resides in Fargo. McEwen is active in the Fargo community, and he currently serves on the boards of directors for the Red River Valley Asperger-Autism Network and the Great Rides Bike Share.
Appointed as the 2014-15 student member of the State Board of Higher Education by Gov. Jack Dalrymple, McEwen will serve a one-year term ending June 30, 2015.
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Kevin Melicher
Kevin Melicher, OD, Fargo, N.D., is an optometrist at Eyecare Associates, P.C. who specializes in contact lenses, sports vision and refractive surgery consultations. Melicher attended North Dakota State University while completing his pre-optometry coursework and holds a doctor of optometry degree from the Illinois College of Optometry.
Melicher is no stranger to higher education. He's been the Team Optometrist for NDSU Athletics since 1982, and served as an adjunct assistant professor of optometry at both Illinois College of Optometry and Pacific University College of Optometry. He also served on the Fargo School Board for eight years, including terms as board president, treasurer and negotiations leader, and currently serves on the North Dakota State Board of Optometry. Melicher was named the 2013 North Dakota Optometrist of the Year and earned the Dakota Medical Foundation Star Award in 2014.
Appointed to the board by Gov. Dalrymple on May 20, 2014, Melicher's term will run from July 1, 2014 through June 30, 2018.
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Don Morton
Don Morton was named to the State Board of Higher Education for a four-year term starting July 1, 2012.
Don Morton is a senior director within Microsoft and a part of Microsoft Business Solutions (MBS), a group that develops the Microsoft Dynamics Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software solutions.
Don has three major areas of responsibility: (1) Leading the global Microsoft Dynamics Academic Alliance team. (2) Leading a team responsible for the Executive Briefing Center (EBC) on the Microsoft campus in Fargo, ND, and working closely with the Microsoft sales teams with a focus on the Dynamics ERP and Dynamics CRM. (3)Site leader for the Microsoft campus in Fargo which has more than 1,700 employees.Prior to joining Microsoft, Don was the assistant to the president and director of university relations at North Dakota State University. He has a coaching background, serving as the head football coach at the University of Wisconsin, at the University of Tulsa and at North Dakota State University where he won four conference championships and one national championship. He also was named national coach of the year in 1983.
Don is a native of Flint, Michigan. He earned a B.A. in Psychology at Augustana College in Rock Island, Ill. and a master's in education from Western Illinois University.
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Kathleen Neset
Kathleen Neset is President of Neset Consulting Service, Inc., which provides well site geologic/geosteering services to the oil industry since 1980. She received a B.A. in Geology from Brown University and then went to work as a seismologist in Michigan. Neset worked for Core Laboratories in Texas and Wyoming. In 1979 she moved to North Dakota pursuing work as an independent petroleum geologist. She is owner of Neset Farms and formerly worked as a Tioga High School science teacher, a Tioga school board member and a substitute business manager at Tioga High School. Currently she manages wellsite geology and mudlogging crews throughout the Bakken and Northern Rockies Region.
Kathleen is a member of the American Association of Petroleum Geologist, Williston API, Dickinson API, North Dakota Petroleum Council Board of Directors, Bush Foundation, BSC Petroleum Technology Advisory Committee, UND Petroleum Engineering Advisory Committee, Tioga Golf & Country Club board, and St. Thomas Parish Council Secretary.
Appointed to the board June 20, 2012 filling a vacancy and confirmed by the State Senate, Neset's term will expire June 30, 2017.
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Kari Reichert
Kari Reichert, Bismarck, N.D., is Vice President of People Services at Mandan-based National Information Solutions Cooperative (NISC), an information technology cooperative that develops and supports software and hardware solutions for rural utility and telephone cooperatives in 47 states and Canada. In that capacity, Kari is responsible for employee relations, including employee compensation and benefits, recruitment, retention, and employee engagement, talent management, human resources policies, and corporate wellness.
Kari is a native of Dickinson, N.D. She received a bachelor's degree in Economics and Political Science from the University of Minnesota and a juris doctorate from Yale Law School. Prior to joining NISC, Kari was in private practice with the Vogel Law Firm in Bismarck, N.D. , where her practice included commercial litigation, health care law, employment law, natural resources law, and contract disputes. Kari is licensed to practice in North Dakota and Missouri, and is a member of the State Bar Association of North Dakota and the Big Muddy Bar Association.
Appointed to the board August 3, 2012 filling a vacancy and confirmed by the State Senate, Reichert's term will expire June 30, 2017.
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Grant Shaft
Grant Shaft, Grand Forks, N.D., is an attorney in Grand Forks, N.D. He is an active member of the American Bar Association and the State Bar Associations of North Dakota and Minnesota. He served in the North Dakota House of Representatives from 1986 to 1990.
A native of Grand Forks, Shaft graduated from Red River High School. He received a bachelor's degree from Arizona State University in 1983 and a juris doctorate from the University of North Dakota School of Law in 1986.
Shaft was appointed to the board in 2007, and reappointed in 2011. His term expires June 30, 2015.
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Janice Hoffarth
Staff Adviser
The North Dakota University System Staff Senate elected Janice Hoffarth, Grand Forks, N.D., to be the 2011-12 staff adviser to the State Board of Higher Education. She was reelected for the 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15 terms.
Hoffarth is an administrative assistant in the University of North Dakota Department of Music. She is the first University System employee to serve in this position, which was created with the passage of HB 1213 by the 2011 Legislative Assembly.
Hoffarth was one of six statewide winners of the 2010 Governor's Award for Excellence in Public Service. She was the 2008-09 UND Staff Senate president. That same year, she was elected the first president of the North Dakota University System Staff Senate.
An Esmond, N.D., native, Hoffarth earned an associate degree in accounting from North Dakota State College of Science. Her term expires June 30, 2015.
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Eric Murphy
Faculty Adviser
Eric Murphy, Ph.D., Grand Forks, N.D., is an associate professor with tenure in the Department of Basic Sciences at the University of North Dakota. In addition to his work at UND, he is also the editor-in-chief of Lipids, a journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, as well as the chief scientific officer and executive vice president for research and development for biotechnology company Agragen, LLC and its subsidiary, Unicrop, OY, located in Finland.
Murphy holds a bachelor's degree from Hastings College and a Ph.D. from The Ohio State University. He has 25 years of experience in research and laboratory science holding multiple positions at educational institutions and corporations, including stints as lead research scientist at Cypros Pharmaceutical Corporation and laboratory director at BrainChemTech Corporation. Murphy is a member of multiple professional societies and has had his work published in over 100 publications.
Murphy was elected by the Council of College Faculties to serve as the faculty adviser on the board. His one-year term will run from July 1, 2014 through June 30, 2015.
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|About UBS
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Coffee, Conversation and Signing at the Bookstore
August 20th from 2-4 pm, the Lehigh University Bookstore will host four local author signings.
Friday August 20th the Lehigh Bookstore will host an event featuring acclaimed local authors. From 2pm-4pm "Coffee, Conversation and Signing" allows attendees to enjoy drink specials at the café, discuss the literature of the featured authors, and have their books signed.
Local authors that will be there for signing are:
Maria Rodale author of the bestselling book "Organic Manifesto," detailing 21st century farming and the importance of organic produce to both the planet and people.
Troy Hein, author of the Children's Book "Jay at Play: The Big Hit," the first in a series of books with lessons for children. The series is also illustrated by Lehigh Valley native, Kathryn Roman.
Kenneth F. Raniere and Karen M. Samuels, writers of "Images of America: South Bethlehem," about Bethlehem and its rich history, from its people to its buildings.
Susan Berg, author of "Choose on Purpose for Twenty Somethings", a helpful book for young adults detailing the tools young people need and questions they have as they enter their twenties.
Heather Boyette, the coordinator of the event, hopes the event exposes the Bethlehem community to the Lehigh Bookstore, "We are working towards uniting Lehigh with the surrounding area and highlighting some of the great things the Valley has to offer. To a broader extent, we are hoping that the Bookstore becomes a place that both the local and campus communities can call their own."
This is the first local author event the Bookstore is hosting this year. There is open admission for anyone in the community, as well as Lehigh faculty, staff, and students. Metered parking is provided in the Campus Square parking garage. As an added incentive, anyone who purchases a book at the event will receive a half priced drink at the Café.


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Eastside Endoscopy Center
Working in conjunction with St. John Hospital & Medical Center: Detroit
Eastside Endoscopy Center is a freestanding endoscopic ambulatory facility that is a joint corporation between St. John Hospital and Medical Center and a group of independent gastroenterologists and colorectal surgeons. The association between this major eastside hospital and physicians, who are leaders in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy, brings together a powerful combination of endoscopic skill, medical knowledge, research, experience and efficiency.
Guided by common goals, the Eastside Endoscopy Center is committed to patient satisfaction by providing the highest quality medical care in a cost-effective and convenient setting.
The EEC uses state-of-the-art endoscopy equipment. Sophisticated video equipment provides physicians with:
- superb endoscopic video imaging
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Another unique feature of the EEC's video equipment is its ability to simultaneously display previously performed exams while viewing images from the current procedure. This allows a more accurate comparison of the previous endoscopic findings.
For more information please visit the web site Eastside Endoscopy.


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all sports
- football
- cricket
- rugby league
- rugby union
- golf
- formula 1
- tennis
- cycling
- boxing
- horse racing
- darts
- snooker
- athletics
Giedo van der Garde has been announced as test and reserve driver at Sauber for the forthcoming season.
The news serves as confirmation that the Dutchman has been dropped by Caterham after only one season with the Leafield outfit.
Just one month ago, Sauber named 19-year-old Sergey Sirotkin as their test driver for the new season but the team have confirmed that the 28-year-old Van der Garde will drive in selected Practice One sessions as well "several" of the in-season tests in 2014.
"I consider this an important step in my career," van der Garde said.
"It is my goal to help the team with the development of the new car. But, of course, I am a racing driver, and I want to show the team and everybody else what I am capable of and that I deserve a race seat with the Sauber F1 Team in 2015. After all, my ambition remains unchanged and I am highly motivated to succeed in Formula One, especially in the long term."
"I am very thankful to Caterham that they gave me a chance to get a taste of Formula 1. I enjoyed a fantastic season with the team and I have learned a lot. The experience gained will surely help me during the rest of my career."
"For now, I am really very excited to have signed a contract with the Sauber F1 Team. For every driver it is a dream to work for a well-established team such as Sauber. In recent years it has shown impressive results. I am really grateful for this opportunity and I will certainly do my upmost to succeed."
Sirotkin has very limited mileage in an F1 car and Team Principal Monisha Kaltenborn thinks having someone of van der Garde's experience will help the Swiss outfit.
"We are happy to have Giedo van der Garde on board," she said.
"He has four years' experience in GP2 and he drove one year in Formula 1. These are good credentials to work successfully with our team. Many times Giedo has shown his talent as a race driver. At the same time the team would like to support him to further develop his skills. Giedo has the right attitude to take the next step forward."
Adrian Sutil and Esteban Gutierrez were confirmed as Sauber's race drivers last year.


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Lakeview Condo unit 267 is privately owned and managed so you get excellent personal service.We want your stay with us to be a great experience. The unit is a 2 bedroom 2 bath condo. The beautiful updated fully equipped kitchen with granite counter tops and stainless steel appliances will make you feel at home. The living area has a new 42" flat screen TV with DVD player. Relax on the back deck after a round of golf or a dip in the pool. We provide all the linens and free wireless internet. We are close to Dinning, shopping, golf and historic Downtown Pinehurst.
We also have access to a second 2 bedroom unit in our same building if you would have a larger group.
There are 8 Pinehurst resort golf courses, a day spa and over 40 other golf courses, within 2 miles. A pool for lakeview owners and guest , right out side our back door. The charming towns and villages of Pinehurst, Southern Pines and Aberdeen cater to all your needs for dinning and shopping. Major attractions in and around town: Bethesda church & cemetery, Campbell house galleries, Carthage historical museum, Malcolm blue farm, Pinehurst Harness track, Sandhills horticultural gardens, Shaw house properties, Southern Pines Historic train station, Tufts archives, Weymouth center for the Arts and Humanities, Weymouth woods sandhills nature preserve. A few miles outside of Pinehurst you will find the North Carolina Pottery highway. Only 40 miles to Fort Bragg
|Rate Period
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My Standard Rate
Feb 1 2014 - Feb 1 2015
1 night minimum stay
Payment is usually accepted in the quoted currency (US Dollar) unless the currency and the amount is specifically agreed in advance with the owner / advertiser.


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Monica Zangwill, MD, MPH
There are no obvious signs or symptoms of
prostate cancer
in its beginning stages. Many early stage prostate cancers are detected only through a digital rectal exam and
prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.
When the tumor becomes larger, symptoms may appear. They may include:
These symptoms can also be caused by other, less serious conditions and do not necessarily mean that you have prostate cancer. It is important, however, to see your doctor if you are having any of these symptoms.
Detailed guide: prostate cancer.
American Cancer Society
website. Available at:
Accessed October 9, 2008.
Prostate cancer. National Cancer Institute
website. Available at:
Accessed October 9, 2008.
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
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Say get well, thinking of you or welcome new baby with a unique gift from the Crouse Gift Shop.
© 2014 Crouse Hospital / 736 Irving Avenue / Syracuse, NY 13210 / 315-470-7111


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After a breakneck pace to start this condensed season, the Raptors were back at practice Tuesday for a third time in four straight non-game days.
The long layoff has made it increasingly difficult for head coach Dwane Casey to get his team ready for actual game conditions, but on the plus side, it has also afforded him an opportunity to work on some key areas of concern such as slow starts and late-game execution.
More from coach Casey on matching up with a healthy Pistons team beginning to fire on all cylinders (sorry…) and his plans for an actual break during All-Star weekend below.
After two straight seasons of All-Star Weekend drama, DeMar DeRozan is also looking forward to a weekend break. Of course, that didn't stop him from weighing in on this year's field for the dunk contest, with two interesting picks in terms of who should and very possibly will win.
Finally, here's Amir Johnson with an assessment of the team's first half and his own start after major offseason ankle surgery.
Akil and I will have more on tomorrow's matchup with the Pistons in this space tomorrow…


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Books are the legacies that a great genius leaves to mankind, which are delivered down from generation to generation as presents to the posterity of those who are yet unbornJoseph Addison
Of all the diversions of life, there is none so proper to fill up its empty spaces as the reading of useful and entertaining authors.Joseph Addison
Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man,and writing an exact man.Francis Bacon
Books are not made for furniture,but there is nothing else that so beautifully furnishes a house.Henry Ward Beecher
The greatest gift is a passion for reading. It is cheap, it consoles, it distracts, it excites, it gives you knowledge of the world and experience of a wide kind. It is a moral illumination.Elizabeth Hardwick
Show me the books he loves and I shall know the man far better than through mortal friends.Dawn Adams
The failure to read good books both enfeebles the vision and strengthens our most fatal tendency-- the belief that the here and now is all there is.Allan Bloom
If one cannot enjoy reading a book over and over again, there is no use in reading it at all.Oscar Wilde
Reading is a means of thinking with another person's mind; it forces you to stretch your own.Charles Scribner, Jr.
Reading makes immigrants of us all. It takes us away from home, but more important, it finds homes for us everywhere.Jean Rhys
Always read something that will make you look good if you die in the middle of it.P. J. O'Rourke
You don't have to burn books to destroy a culture. Just get people to stop reading them.Ray Bradbury
Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. It is wholesome and bracing for the mind to have its faculties kept on the stretch.August Hare
Resolve to edge in a little reading every day, if it is but a single sentence. If you gain fifteen minutes a day, it will make itself felt at the end of the year.Horace Mann
Happy is he who has laid up in his youth, and held fast in all fortune, a genuine and passionate love for readingRufus Choate
To feel most beautifully alive means to be reading something beautiful, ready always to apprehend in the flow of language the sudden flash of poetry.John Andrew Holmes
Of all the diversions of life, there is none so proper to fill up its empty spaces as the reading of useful and entertaining authors.David Viscott
To read a writer is for me not merely to get an idea of what he says, but to go off with him and travel in his company.Andre Gide
What is reading, but silent conversation.Walter Savage Landor
To acquire the habit of reading is to construct for yourself a refuge from almost all of the miseries of life.W. Somerset Maugham
Margarine? Thats not food. I Cant Believe Its Not Butter? I can. If youre planning on using margarine in anything, you can stop reading now, because I wont be able to help you.Anthony Michael
There are worse crimes than burning books. One of them is not reading them.Iosip Aleksandrovich Brodsky
I know one husband and wife who, whatever the official reasons given to the court for the break up of their marriage, were really divorced because the husband believed that nobody ought to read while he was talking and the wife that nobody ought to talk while she was reading.Vera Mary Brittain


text:
Kristi King, wtop.com
WASHINGTON - When searching for deals, the right time to buy could depend on the month, season or even the time of day.
For cheaper meat, check the markdown bin in the morning. Give the butcher time to get in and go over his inventory, but don't wait too long -- sale items might be gone by early afternoon. Beef and pork are good for days after the sell-by date.
When buying a car, salespeople may be more accommodating at the end of the month, when they're trying to make quota.
MainStreet also recommends checking for bargains online at 12:01 a.m. Sunday. However, if a store's headquarters is on the left coast, it may be 3 a.m. before deals show up on computers in the Eastern time zone.
If there's a store where it might be possible to haggle over a price, don't try it on weekends or after typical work hours when salespeople and managers are busy. Go when it's slow.
Buy electronics in January or February, when stores are trying to clear last year's models off storage shelves.
And not to insult your intelligence with advice that's too obvious, but when buying seasonal items, the best prices can be found when the season is over or coming to a close.
Buy bargain winter coats before spring. Find cheap bathing suits just before fall. And of course, the cheapest Christmas cards can be found after Christmas.
Follow Kristi King and WTOP on Twitter.
(Copyright 2012 by WTOP. All Rights Reserved.)


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Emilio Aguinaldo
|His Excellency
General of the Revolution
Emilio Aguinaldo
|1st President of the Philippines
President of the First Republic
President of the Supreme Government
President of Republic of Biak-na-Bato
Dictator of Dictatorial government
President of the Revolutionary Government
|In office
23 January 1897[a] – 1 April 1901[b]
|Prime Minister
|Vice President
|Mariano Trías (1897)
|Succeeded by
|Office nullified
Manuel Quezon
(As president of the Commonwealth)
|Personal details
22 March 1869
Cavite El Viejo
Spanish East Indies (now Kawit, Cavite, Philippines)
|6 February 1964[3]
(aged 94)
Quezon City, Philippines[3]
|Resting place
|Aguinaldo Shrine, Kawit, Cavite, Philippines
|Political party
National Socialist Party
|Alma mater
|Colegio de San Juan de Letran
|Soldier, Manager, Teacher, Revolutionary
|Iglesia FIlipina Independiente
formerly Roman Catholicism
Emilio Famy Aguinaldo QSC PLH[d] (22 March 1869[c] – 6 February 1964) is officially recognized as the First President of the Philippines (1899-1901) and led Philippine forces first against Spain in the latter part of the Philippine Revolution (1896-1897), and then in the Spanish-American War (1898), and finally against the United States during the Philippine-American War (1899-1901). He was captured by American forces in 1901, which brought an end to his presidency.
In 1935 Aguinaldo ran unsuccessfully for president of the Philippine Commonwealth against Manuel Quezon. After the Japanese invasion of the Philippines in 1941, he cooperated with the new rulers, even making a radio appeal for the surrender of the American and Filipino forces on Bataan. He was arrested as a collaborator after the Americans returned but was later freed in a general amnesty.
- 1 Early life and career
- 2 Personal life
- 3 Revolutionary and political career
- 4 Post-presidency
- 5 Media portrayal
- 6 See also
- 7 Notes
- 8 References
- 9 Further reading
- 10 External links
Early life and career[edit]
Emilio Famy Aguinaldo was born on 22 March 1869[c] in Cavite Viejo (present-day Kawit), in Cavite (province), to Carlos Aguinaldo and Trinidad Famy,[d] a Chinese mestizo couple who had eight children, the seventh of whom was Emilio. The Aguinaldo family was quite well-to-do, as his father, Carlos Aguinaldo was the community's appointed gobernadorcillo (municipal governor) in the Spanish colonial administration.
Emilio became the "Cabeza de Barangay" of Binakayan, a chief barrio of Cavite del Viejo, when he was only 17 years old.
In 1895 the Maura Law that called for the reorganization of local governments was enacted. At the age of 26 Aguinaldo became Cavite Viejo's first "gobernadorcillo capitan municipal" (Municipal Governor-Captain).
Personal life[edit]
On 1 January 1896, he married Hilaria del Rosario (1877–1921). They had five children: Carmen Aguinaldo Melencio, Emilio Aguinaldo, Jr, Maria Aguinaldo Poblete, Cristina Aguinaldo Suntay and Miguel Aguinaldo. Hilaria died of leprosy on 6 March 1921 at the age of 45. Nine years later, on 14 July 1930, Aguinaldo married Maria Agoncillo (15 February 1879 – 1963) at Barasoain Church. She died on 29 May 1963 at the age of 82, a year before Aguinaldo himself.
Revolutionary and political career[edit]
Philippine Revolution[edit]
In 1894, Aguinaldo joined the "Katipunan", a secret organization led by Andrés Bonifacio, dedicated to the expulsion of the Spanish and independence of the Philippines through armed force.[11](p77) Aguinaldo used the nom de guerre Magdalo, in honor of Mary Magdalene.[12](p179) His local chapter of the Katipunan, headed by his cousin Baldomero Aguinaldo, was also called Magdalo.[13]
On 1 January 1895, Aguinaldo became a Freemason, joining Pilar Lodge No. 203, Imus, Cavite. He would later say:
- "The Successful Revolution of 1896 was masonically inspired, masonically led, and masonically executed, and I venture to say that the first Philippine Republic of which I was its humble President, was an achievement we owe largely, to Masonry and the Masons."[14]
The Katipunan-led Philippine Revolution against the Spanish began in the last week of August 1896 in San Juan del Monte (now part of Metro Manila).[12](p176) However, Aguinaldo and other Cavite rebels initially refused to join in the offensive alleging lack of arms. Their absence contributed to the defeat of Katipunan leader Andres Bonifacio's there.[13] While Bonifacio and other rebels were forced to resort to guerrilla warfare, Aguinaldo and the Cavite rebels won major victories in set-piece battles, temporarily driving the Spanish out of their area.[13]
On 17 February 1897 Aguinaldo and a group of katipuneros defeated Spanish forces led by General Camilo de Polavieja at the Battle of Zapote Bridge in Cavite. The province of Cavite gradually emerged as the Revolution's hotbed, and the Aguinaldo-led katipuneros had a string of victories there.[citation needed]
Tejeros Convention and execution of Bonifacio[edit]
Conflict between the two Katipunan factions -- the Magdalo and Magdiwang -- led to Bonifacio's intervention in the province of Cavite.[12](pp178–182) The Cavite rebels then made overtures about establishing a revolutionary government in place of the Katipunan.[12](p182) Though Bonifacio already considered the Katipunan to be a government, he acquiesced and presided over a convention held on 22 March 1897 in Tejeros, Cavite. There the republic of the Philippines was proclaimed, with Aguinaldo being elected president. Bonifacio was elected Director of the Interior but, after Daniel Tirona questioned his qualifications for that position, became angered and declared "I, as chairman of this assembly, and as President of the Supreme Council of the Katipunan, as all of you do not deny, declare this assembly dissolved, and I annul all that has been approved and resolved."[12](p178)
Bonifacio refused to recognize the revolutionary government headed by Aguinaldo and attempted to reassert his authority, accusing the Aguinaldo faction of treason and by issuing orders contravening orders issued by the Aguinaldo faction.[12](p188) At Aguinaldo's orders, Bonifacio and his brothers were arrested and, in a mock trial lasting one day, convicted of treason, and sentenced to death.[12](pp189–190) After some vacillation, Aguinaldo initially commuted the death sentence. Andrés and Procopio were executed by firing squad on 10 May 1897 at Mount Buntis, Maragondon, Cavite.[15](p249)
Biak-na-Bato and exile[edit]
On the same day as the execution of the Bonifacio brothers, the Spanish army launched an attack which forced insurgent forces under Aguinaldo into a general retreat.[15](pp249–250) On 24 June 1897 Aguinaldo arrived at Biak-na-Bato in San Miguel, Bulacan, and established a headquarters there, located in Biak-na-Bato National Park in what is now known as Aguinaldo Cave. In late October 1897, Aguinaldo convened an assembly of generals at Biak-na Bato, where it was decided to establish a constitutional republic. A constitution patterned closely after the Cuban Constitution was drawn up by Isabelo Artacho and Felix Ferrer. The constitution provided for the creation of a Supreme Council composed of a president, a vice president, a Secretary of War, and a Secretary of the Treasury. Aguinaldo was named president.[12](p183–184)
From March, 1897, Fernando Primo de Rivera, 1st Marquis of Estella, the Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines, had been encouraging prominent Filipinos to contact Aguinaldo for a peaceful settlement of the conflict. On 9 August, Manila lawyer Pedro Paterno met with Aguinaldo at Biak-na-Bato with a proposal for peace based on reforms and amnesty. In succeeding months, Paterno conducted shuttle diplomacy, acting as an intermediary between de Rivera and Aguinaldo. On 14 December – 15 December 1897 Aguinaldo signed the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, under which Aguinaldo effectively agreed to end hostilities and dissolve his government in exchange for amnesty and "$800,000 (Mexican)" (Aguinaldo's description of the amount) as an indemnity.[15](p252)[16][e] The documents were signed on 14 December – 15 December 1897. On 23 December, Aguinaldo and other insurgent officials departed for Hong Kong to enter voluntary exile. $400,000, representing the first installment of the indemnity, was deposited into Hong Kong banks. While in exile, Aguinaldo reorganized his revolutionary government into the so-called "Hong Kong Junta" and enlarging it into the "Supreme Council of the Nation".[15](p253)
Return to the Philippines and Philippine Declaration of Independence[edit]
On 25 April, the Spanish–American War began. While the war mostly focused on Cuba, the United States Navy's Asiatic Squadron was in Hong Kong, and commanded Commodore George Dewey, it sailed for the Philippines. On 1 May 1898, in the Battle of Manila Bay, the squadron engaged and destroyed the Spanish navy's Pacific Squadron and proceeded to blockade Manila.[15](pp255–256) Several days later, Dewey agreed to transport Aguinaldo from Hong Kong to the Philippines aboard the USS McCulloch, which left Hong Kong with Aguinaldo on 16 May. arriving in Cavite on 19 May.[18] Aguinaldo promptly resumed command of revolutionary forces and besieged Manila.[15](pp256–257)
On 24 May 1898 in Cavite, Aguinaldo issued a proclamation in which he assumed command of all Philippine forces and established a dictatorial government with himself as dictator.[19]
On 12 June Aguinaldo issued the Philippine Declaration of Independence from Spain and on 18 June, he issued a decree formally establishing his dictatorial government.[4](p10)
On 23 June, Aguinaldo issued a decree replacing his dictatorial government with a revolutionary government, with himself as President.[4](p35)[11]:Appendix C
First Philippine President[edit]
The insurgent First Philippine Republic was formally established with the proclamation of the Malolos Constitution on 21 January 1899 in Malolos, Bulacan and endured until the capture of Emilio Aguinaldo by the American forces on 23 March 1901 in Palanan, Isabela, which effectively dissolved the First Republic. Aguinaldo appointed two Prime Ministers of the Philippines in his tenure, Apolinario Mabini and Pedro Paterno. He had two cabinets in the year 1899. Thereafter, the military situation resulted in his ruling by decree.
Philippine–American War[edit]
On 12 August 1898, American forces captured Manila during the Battle of Manila and on 14 August 1898 established the United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands, with Major General Wesley Merritt as the first American Military Governor.[17](pp110–112) On the night of 4 February 1899, a Filipino was shot by an American sentry. This incident is considered the beginning of the Philippine–American War, and precipitated the 1899 Battle of Manila between American and Filipino forces. Superior American firepower drove Filipino troops away from the city, and Aguinaldo's government had to move from one place to another as the military situation developed.[15](pp268–270, 273–274) Aguinaldo led resistance to the Americans, then retreated to northern Luzon with the Americans on his trail.
On 23 March 1901, Aguinaldo was captured at his headquarters in Palanan, Isabela.[20]:507–509 On 19 April 1901, Aguinaldo took an oath of allegiance to the United States, formally ending the First Republic and recognizing the sovereignty of the United States over the Philippines.[15](pp274–275) After Aguinaldo's surrender, some Filipino commanders continued the revolution. On 30 July 1901 General Miguel Malvar issued a manifesto saying, "Forward, without ever turning back... All wars of independence have been obliged to suffer terrible tests!"[15](p275) General Malvar surrendered to U.S forces in Lipa, Batangas on 16 April 1902. The war was formally ended by a unilateral proclamation of general amnesty by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt on 4 July 1902.[21]
American era[edit]
During the American period, Aguinaldo supported groups that advocated immediate independence and helped veterans of the struggle. He organized the Asociación de los Veteranos de la Revolución (Association of Veterans of the Revolution), which worked to secure pensions for its members and made arrangements for them to buy land on installment from the government.
The display of the Philippine flag was declared illegal by the Sedition Act of 1907. This law was repealed on 30 October 1919.[22] Following this, Aguinaldo transformed his home in Kawit into a monument to the flag, the revolution and the Declaration of Independence. As of 2011[update], his home still stands and is known as the Aguinaldo Shrine.
Aguinaldo retired from public life for many years. In 1935, when the Commonwealth of the Philippines was established in preparation for Philippine independence, he ran for president in the Philippine presidential election, 1935, but lost by a landslide to Manuel L. Quezon.[f] The two men formally reconciled in 1941, when President Quezon moved Flag Day to 12 June, to commemorate the proclamation of Philippine independence.[22]
During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II, Aguinaldo cooperated with the Japanese, making speeches, issuing articles and radio addresses in support of the Japanese — including a radio appeal to Gen. Douglas MacArthur on Corregidor to surrender in order to "spare the innocence of the Filipino youth."[23][24](p285) He explained his action by saying, "I was just remembering the fight I led. We were outnumbered, too, in constant retreat. I saw my own soldiers die without affecting future events. To me that seemed to be what was happening on Bataan, and it seemed like a good thing to stop."[citation needed] After the combined American and Filipino troops retook the Philippines, Aguinaldo was arrested along with several others accused of collaboration with the Japanese, and jailed for some months in Bilibid prison.[25] He was released by presidential amnesty.[26](p2)
Aguinaldo was 77 when the United States Government recognized Philippine independence in the Treaty of Manila, in accordance with the Tydings–McDuffie Act of 1934.[27]
Post-American era[edit]
In 1950, President Elpidio Quirino appointed Aguinaldo as a member of the Council of State, where he served a full term. He returned to retirement soon after, dedicating his time and attention to veteran soldiers' "interests and welfare."
He was made an honorary Doctor of Laws, Honoris Causa, by the University of the Philippines in 1953.
In 1962, President Diosdado Macapagal changed the celebration of Independence Day from 4 July to 12 June.[g] Although in poor health by this time, Aguinaldo attended that year's Independence Day observances.[32]
Death and Legacy[edit]
Aguinaldo was rushed to Veterans Memorial Medical Center in Quezon City on 5 October 1962 where he stayed there for 469 days until he died of coronary thrombosis at age 94 on 6 February 1964.[3] A year before his death, he donated his lot and mansion to the government. This property now serves as a shrine to "perpetuate the spirit of the Revolution of 1896."[6]
In 1985, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas issued a new 5-peso bill depicting a portrait of Aguinaldo on the front. The back features the declaration of the Philippine independence on 12 June 1898. Printing was discontinued in 1995, when it was replaced with a 5₱ coin whose obverse features a portrait of Aguinaldo.
Media portrayal[edit]
El Presidente, a 2012 biopic based on his life as the first president of the Philippine Republic, stars as Aguinaldo E.R. Ejercito, known as Jeorge Estregan, then governor of Laguna province.
See also[edit]
- Flag of the Philippines (designed by Aguinaldo)
- History of the Philippines
- Tagalog people
- Tejeros Convention
- ^ 23 January 1899 was the date of Aguinaldo's inauguration as President of the First Philippine Republic. Previously, he held positions as President of a Revolutionary Government from 22 March 1897 to 1 November 1897, President of the Biak-na-Bato Republic from 2 November 1897 to 15 December 1897, Head of a Dictatorial Government from 24 May 1898 to 22 June 1898, and President of another Revolutionary Government from 23 June 1898 to 22 January 1897.[1]
- ^ 1 April 1901 was the date of Aguinaldo's capture by American forces.[2]
- ^ a b c Most sources, including the National Historical Commission of the Philippines, support a 22 March birthdate.[6][7](p6)[8](p129)[3] Some sources give other dates.[9][10]
- ^ a b In the Philippine "Declaration of Independence" his matronymic is given as Fami.[4](p185 Appendix A)[5]
- ^ The Mexican dollar at the time was worth about 50 U.S. cents[17](p126)
- ^ Quezon took 67.99% of the popular vote; Aguinaldo 17.54%
- ^ On 12 May 1962, President Macapagal signed "Presidential Proclamation No. 28, Declaring 12 June as Philippine Independence Day".[28] There is no doubt that President Macapagal intended the proclamation to have that effect[29] and sources commonly assert this as fact,[30] however the operative paragraph of the proclamation declares a single day, "Tuesday, 12 June 1962, as a special public holiday throughout the Philippines ...". On 4 August 1964, Republic Act No. 4166 proclaimed the twelfth day of June as the Philippine Independence Day and renamed the fourth of July holiday to "Philippine Republic Day".[31]
- ^ "Emilio Aguinaldo". Presidential Museum and Library.
- ^ "First Philippine President Emilio F. Aguinaldo 47th Death Anniversary". Manila Bulletin Publishing Corporation. 5 February 2011.
- ^ a b c d The year of birth on his death certificate was incorrectly typed as 1809.
"Philippines, Civil Registration (Local), 1888-1983," index and images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-27184-32236-46?cc=1410394&wc=9Z7H-JWG:25272501,114827101,25271303,25290201 : accessed 2 May 2014), Metropolitan Manila > Quezon City > Death certificates > 1964; citing National Census and Statistics Office, Manila.
- ^ a b c Guevara, Sulpicio, ed. (1972) [1898]. The laws of the first Philippine Republic (the laws of Malolos) 1898–1899. English translation by Sulpicio Guevara. Manila: National Historical Commission. ISBN 9715380557. OCLC 715140.
- ^ KARNOW, Stanley. "Emilio Aguinaldo". In Our Image: America's Empire in the Philippines. Random House (1989). ISBN 978-0-394-54975-0.
- ^ a b "EMILIO F. AGUINALDO (1869–1964)". nhi.gov.ph.
- ^ DYAL, Donald H; CARPENTER, Brian B & THOMAS, Mark A (1996). [extract Historical Dictionary of the Spanish American War] (Digital library). Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-28852-4.
- ^ OOI, Keat Gin, ed. (2004). Southeast Asia: a historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor (3 vols). Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576077702. OCLC 646857823.
- ^ "Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo (1869–1964)". aboutph.com.
- ^ TUROT, Henri (1900). Les hommes de révolution Aguinaldo et les Philippins [Emilio Aguinaldo, first Filipino president, 1898–1901] (in French). préface par Jean Jaures; translated by Mitchell Abidor. Paris: Librairie Léopold Cerf. ISBN 978-1146599917. OCLC 838009722.
- ^ a b KALAW, Maximo Manguiat (1926). The Development of Philippine Politics, 1872–1920. Manila: Oriental Commercial Co. OCLC 723615963.
- ^ a b c d e f g h AGONCILLO, Teodoro Andal (1990). History of the Filipino People. Garotech Publishing. ISBN 978-9718711064.
8th edition; 651 pp; 22.2 x 14.4 x 3.4 cm
- ^ a b c GUERRERO, Milagros; SCHUMACHER SJ, John (1998). DALISAY, Jose Y, ed. Kasaysayan: The Story of the Filipino People. 5 Reform and Revolution. Project Director: Teresa Maria CUSTODIO. Manila / Pleasantville NY: Asia Publishing Company, Limited (Reader's Digest). ISBN 9622582281. OCLC 39734321.
Contents: Vol 1 The Philippine Archipelago; Vol 2 The earliest Filipinos; Vol 3 The Spanish conquest; Vol 4 Life in the colony; Vol 5 Reform and revolution; Vol 6 Under stars and stripes; Vol 7 The Japanese occupation; Vol 8 Up from the ashes; Vol 9 A nation reborn; Vol 10 A timeline of Philippine history.
- ^ Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy, "Famous Filipino Masons", The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the Philippines, retrieved 11 November 2013
- ^ a b c d e f g h i ZAIDE, Sonia M (1999). The Philippines: A Unique Nation. All-Nations Publishing. ISBN 978-9716420715.
2nd edition; 478 pp; 8.4 x 5.8 x 0.7 inches
- ^ AGUINALDO y FAMY, Don Emilio, "True Version of the Philippine Revolution", Authorama Public Domain Books, retrieved 16 November 2007
|chapter=ignored (help)
- ^ a b HALSTEAD, Murat (1898). "XII. The American Army in Manila. General Emilio Aguinaldo, a traitor of the Philippine Republic, during Spanish-American Regime.". The Story of the Philippines and Our New Possessions, Including the Ladrones, Hawaii, Cuba and Porto Rico (Project Gutenberg).
- ^ Agoncillo,, Teodor A. (1990). History of the Filipino people ([8th ed.]. ed.). Quezon City: Garotech. p. 157. ISBN 978-9718711064.
- ^ TITHERINGTON, Richard Handfield (1900). A history of the Spanish–American war of 1898. D. Appleton and Company. (republished by openlibrary.org)(pp357–358)
- ^ Foreman, J., 1906, The Philippine Islands, A Political, Geographical, Ethnographical, Social and Commercial History of the Philippine Archipelago, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
- ^ "GENERAL AMNESTY FOR THE FILIPINOS; Proclamation Issued by the President" (PDF), The New York Times, 4 July 1902, retrieved 5 February 2008
- ^ a b Quezon, Manuel L. III (2 April 2002). "History of the Philippines Flag". Flags of the World. Retrieved 6 June 2007.
- ^ "Emilio Aguinaldo". philippine-revolution.110mb.com. Archived from the original on 7 July 2011.
- ^ SCHRODER, William (2004). Cousins of Color. Twenty First Century Publishers Ltd. ISBN 978-1-904433-13-2.[unreliable source?]
- ^ "Emilio Aguinaldo", Encyclopædia BritannicaOnline, retrieved 25 April 2008
- ^ FREDRIKSEN, John C (2001). America's military adversaries: from colonial times to the present. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-603-3.
- ^ TREATY OF GENERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES. SIGNED AT MANILA, ON 4 JULY 1946 (pdf), United Nations, retrieved 10 December 2007[dead link]
- ^ Diosdado Macapagal, Proclamation No. 28 Declaring June 12 as Philippine Independence Day, Philippine History Group of Los Angeles, retrieved 11 November 2009.
- ^ Diosdado Macapagal (2002), "Chapter 4. June 12 as Independence Day", KALAYAAN, Philippine Information Agency, pp. 12–15, archived from the original on 3 March 2006.
- ^ DELMENDO, Sharon (2004). The star-entangled banner: one hundred years of America in the Philippines. University of the Philippines Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-971-542-484-4.
- ^ AN ACT CHANGING THE DATE OF PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE DAY FROM JULY FOUR TO JUNE TWELVE, AND DECLARING JULY FOUR AS PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC DAY, FURTHER AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE SECTION TWENTY-NINE OF THE REVISED ADMINISTRATIVE CODE, Chanrobles Law Library, 4 August 1964, retrieved 11 November 2009
- ^ Virata, Cesar E.A. (12 June 1998). "Emilio Aguinaldo". Asiaweek. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
Further reading[edit]
- Aguinaldo, Emilio (1964), Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan
- Zaide, Gregorio F. (1984), Philippine History and Government, National Bookstore Printing Press[broken citation]
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Emilio Aguinaldo.
|Wikisource has original works written by or about:
Emilio Aguinaldo
- The Philippine Presidency Project[dead link]
- CAUTUSAN: Gobierno Revolucionario nang Filipinas at the Wayback Machine (archived 11 December 2007) [in Tagalog] A decree dated 2 January 1899 signed by Emilio Aguinaldo establishing a council of government.
- Aguinaldo: A Narrative of Filipino Ambitions at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 February 2008) Book written by American Consul Wildman of Hong Kong regarding Emilio Aguinaldo and the Filipino–American War during the early 1900s.
- General Emilio Aguinaldo's "Confession" at the Wayback Machine (archived 27 May 2008). [in Tagalog]
- Works by Emilio Aguinaldo at Project Gutenberg
|Offices and distinctions
|Political offices
|New title
|President of the Philippines
23 January 1899 – 1 April 1901
Office nullified by the United States by Spain
Title next held byManuel L. Quezon
- 1869 births
- 1964 deaths
- Aguinaldo family
- Candidates for President of the Philippines
- Cardiovascular disease deaths in the Philippines
- Chiefs of Staff in the Armed Forces of the Philippines
- Colegio de San Juan de Letran alumni
- Deaths from thrombosis
- Filipino collaborators with Imperial Japan
- Filipino exiles
- Filipino expatriates in Hong Kong
- Filipino Freemasons
- Filipino generals
- Filipino revolutionaries
- Filipino Resistance activists
- Former Roman Catholics
- Flag designers
- Katipunan members
- Leaders who took power by coup
- People from Kawit, Cavite
- People of the Philippine–American War
- People of the Spanish–American War
- Philippine Revolution people
- Presidents of the Philippines
- Rebels
- Recipients of the Quezon Service Cross
- World War II political leaders


text:
Pixelmator gets 16-bit image support for Mac Pro, and more news for January 23
Mac image and graphics editor Pixelmator has just dropped a big update to its software that further sees the app move in the direction of becoming a legitimate replacement for Photoshop. Pixelmator 3.1 "Marble," released today, adds a host of new features, the biggest of which is 16-bits-per-channel color image support when running the software on the new Mac Pro. The software also takes advantage of the Mac Pro's dual GPUs, so everything you do on it in Pixelmator is faster and smoother. Here's a list of all the optimizations for the new Mac Pro:
• Both GPUs are used simultaneously when applying effects: one for computing the effect and the other one for composition rendering.
• 16-bit per channel color images are supported.
• The image auto saving is computed in the background while image composition is being rendered.
• Optimizations made for all 4-core, 6-core, 8-core, or 12-core Intel Xeon processors for better zoom out handling and faster bitmap layer duplications.
• GCD Dispatch I/O technology and PCIe-based flash storage makes opening and exporting high resolution images faster.
• Increased memory bandwidth is fully utilized for Pixelmator operations.
Besides the new Mac Pro features, Pixelmator 3.1 adds the ability to order prints right through the app, offers a number of layer style improvements and brings a ton of other little improvements such as bringing back more than 10 effects to the app and more. Pixelmator 3.1 is a free download to existing owners of the app. Everyone else can buy it via the Mac App Store for US$29.99.
In other news:
- Speaking of the Mac Pro, those hoping to get one will have to wait until March now, as Apple's latest desktop shipping estimate has slipped back from February.
- Apple has released Apple releases iTunes 11.1.4. The updated iTunes adds the ability for users to view their Wish List while browsing their iTunes library. It also includes improved Arabic and Hebrew support and stability and bug fixes.
- A research report from JDSU says owners of the iPhone 5s are using 20 percent more cellular data, on average, than their iPhone 5-owning counterparts.
- Finally, Carl Icahn has tweeted that he's unhappy with Apple again... but he's buying a boatload of more stock. Icahn tweeted, "We feel $APPL board is doing great disservice to shareholders by not having markedly increased its buyback. In-depth letter to follow soon," right after he tweeted, "Having purchased $500 million more $AAPL shares in the last two weeks, our investment has crossed the $3 billion mark yesterday."
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text:
This is a blue ribbon recipe, one of our top-ranked of all time!See more of Epi's best
Molasses Crinkles
Gourmet | December 2004
photo by Mikkel Vang
Makes about 6 dozen cookies
active time
35 min
total time
1 1/2 hr
Ingredientsadd to shopping list
- 2 1/4 cups all-purpose flour
- 2 teaspoons baking soda
- 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
- 3/4 teaspoon ground ginger
- 1/2 teaspoon ground allspice
- 1/2 teaspoon ground cloves
- 1/2 teaspoon salt
- 1/2 cup vegetable shortening at room temperature
- 1/2 stick (1/4 cup) unsalted butter, softened
- 1 cup packed dark brown sugar
- 1 large egg
- 1/2 cup molasses (not robust or blackstrap)
- About 1/3 cup sanding or granulated sugar* for tops of cookies
Whisk together flour, baking soda, cinnamon, ginger, allspice, cloves, and salt in a bowl until combined.
Beat together shortening, butter, and brown sugar in a large bowl with an electric mixer at medium-high speed until pale and fluffy, about 3 minutes in a stand mixer (preferably fitted with paddle attachment) or 6 minutes with a handheld. Add egg and molasses, beating until combined. Reduce speed to low, then mix in flour mixture until combined.
Put oven racks in upper and lower thirds of oven and preheat oven to 375°F.
Roll 1 heaping teaspoon of dough into a 1-inch ball with wet hands, then dip 1 end of ball in sanding sugar. Make more cookies in same manner, arranging them, sugared side up, 2 inches apart on 2 ungreased baking sheets.
Bake cookies, switching position of sheets halfway through baking, until undersides are golden brown, 10 to 12 minutes total, then cool on sheets 1 minute. Transfer to racks to cool completely. Make more cookies with remaining dough on cooled baking sheets.
*Available at Sweet Celebrations (800328-6722).
Cooks' note: Cookies keep, layered between sheets of wax paper or parchment, in an airtight container at room temperature 2 weeks.
my notes
Nutrition Informationper serving (72 servings) POWERED BY Edamam
- Calories50
- Carbohydrates9 g (3%)
- Fat2 g (2%)
- Protein1 g (1%)
- Saturated Fat1 g (3%)
- Sodium54 mg (2%)
- Polyunsaturated Fat0 g
- Fiber0 g (1%)
- Monounsaturated Fat1 g
- Cholesterol4 mg (1%)
recipe featured in
recipe at a glance
type: Edible Gift, Cookie
main ingredients: Molases, Cinnamon, Clove, Ginger
cuisine: American
holiday/celebration: Christmas, Winter, Family Reunion


text:
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Master the art of golf, the ladies, and avoiding the press, all with this hat! This product includes a Cheetah Woods Visor . Spot clean. Polyester.
Does not include makeup or top.
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The Power Within III
Spectacular photo from ~EvidencE~.
You are currently browsing the archives for the decay category.
Spectacular photo from ~EvidencE~.
Raised out of the dust, and lifted out of the dunghill: the abandoned crematorium. Built in the early 1900′s and closed down in the nineties, it served a little over 100.000 cremations.
It was without a doubt one of the most advanced crematoriums from that era, featuring multiple deck ovens, ice coolers, rotating coffin docks, lifts & rails.
When all is lost, who shall praise thee my Lord?
If it takes a Great Collapse to green Dubai, that's fine by me:
by Jenovah Art
Six Flags New Orleans was destroyed by Hurricane Katrina in 2005.
It has been abandoned ever since.
This film was made in October 2010 by Teddy Smith
via Interdome
Presenting the final transcription, the longest excerpt from Bruce Sterling's closing speech at SXSW, which takes us into the third chunk of it's rough recording.
I hope it moves you, like it moved me.
[After much deserved ripping on the Catholic Church..]
The population sits on the couch and plays video games. Terrified.
The US.. come back from Europe, hanging out in the US.. first thing you see in the US is obese people. It's calamitous. And they weren't like that in 1975… but imagine if the Statue Of Liberty looked like that? You came in to New York Harbor, Staten Island.. the Statue of Liberty was clocking in at around 350 pounds. Maybe she had a Wii exercise bat instead of a torch. It brings out one's inner Bill Hicks, ladies and gentlemen. God bless the guy, where ever he is, if he was looking down at Texas right now he would not be a happy man. He'd be scolding you worse than me.
So, you know, it's pretty bad and it's sleazy and it's kind of frozen and crazy and we all know that and we pay no attention to it and kinda hope it just goes away on its own. That's the one attitude Americans fully share with Italians now and that's what worries me. What worries me is the response to things that really require courage and focused effort and Passionate Virtuosity to carry out. Like, say, earthquake rescue.
Just go read what happened to L'Aquila. The small, beautiful, medieval town that was leveled by an Italian earthquake. Italians, they know what earthquakes are, they know what volcanoes are, they even know what tsunamis are.. the one massive horror the Japanese have named for everybody else, 'cause they get more of it than everybody else. At least they know what to do when it happens. L'Aquila happened, nothing much went on.. TV appearances.. cheer leading.. the place is still a wreck.
And for us it was that BP offshore oil mess. Freaking nothing happened. Government did nothing. They were not capable of doing it. They pretended to be able to do something. Suppose it had been ten times worse? You think there's another government somewhere, that was gonna help people from the consequences of an industrial catastrophe like that? So clearly outlined, and there's nuclear things happening in Japan.. they're in there working around the clock. Who would save us from a BP?
They're incapable of rapid, decisive action. The world sometimes demands that of people. You can't sit on the couch eating chips and maneuvering, verbally, all the time. Like a Gothic Mansion, like a Vampire Geyser, instead of a President.
There's infinite wars on Abstract Nouns. Wikileaks and Facebook, which freaking didn't even exist as entities maybe 5 years ago, they've got more political clout on the planet right now than the State Department and the Pentagon combined! It's a weird situation and it's not something to applaud [as they audience starts applauding and quickly stops] but everybody knows it. They're all reading the State Dept cables going "this is awful.. I can't believe they're so helpless.. why does no one listen to them? They have no class" The calamity. It's like Gothic torpor in a coffin of earth.
So what? They pretend to govern, we pretend to obey. Italians do that now.. Americans do that now.. Soviets used to do that.. that's what they were great at, maintaining the pretense that it was alright.
Who's the real.. who are the real victims of a decaying status quo? Who suffers when your society is incapable of focused action or intentional innovation? It's young people. It's people under 25 who are the victims of a decaying status quo. It's a Gerontocracy. The demographics are easy to predict. Nobody ever looks at them, because nobody ever wants to get old. One of the main reasons these guys can't do anything, they're too damn old, ladies and gentlemen.
Berlusconi and his crowd are people in their 70s and they've got the younger people outnumbered. The reason Egypt won, is it's a huge number of kids.. they were just able to outnumber and beat up the cops in the street.. they threw Mubarak out because they had the numbers game on him. That's not what happened in the Developed World. They are.. the people under 25.. unemployed people.. you know 'em, you may be them.. they're a minority, they're a disenfranchised minority now. AND I WANT TO FORMALLY DECLARE MY PASSIONATE SOLIDARITY WITH THE MILLENNIALS! Boomers, SHUT THE HELL UP!
What's left of our Civil Rights that you campaigned for? The one thing you might brag about, death of Totalitarianism and national governments. All national governments are weak now, yours is weak.. everyone else's is weak for [the] same reasons. That's alright, Totalitarianism.. seeing that off is a great achievement. 1989, your high water mark. Get the heck out of the way. Pack it in Boomers!
What you should be studying right now? Collaborative Consumption. Technomadism. De-materialize people. Vanish! Let it go, give it away. Share it or stop it. Stop clinging to your entitlements. You're like some kind of Dickensian, Gothic creatures now. You're turning in to Miss Havisham, with a wedding cake covered with spiders.
You're top-heavy with age. You've got the votes and the money, you've got no conscience. Get out of the way. Over the long term your attitude is fatal. You must support younger people. Who is going to feed you? Who is going to supply those entitlements? What medical care will you have? What pension? What security?
Precarious employment for people who's excess wealth is supposed to be underwriting your security? It's built on sand! You are not looking in the longer term there. You are sucking the blood of your children! You're like those Twilight guys. This Edward, 110 year old character, still hanging out in High School. Hitting on this moody, Mormon High School chick. There's a reason why that's the fable of your times, it's like you.
Get the fuck away!
You need to take power, Millennials. I'll vote for ya. I'll do it! I'm groovy. I'll sleep on the floor with ya. I'll live out of a backpack. I'll be precarious. Proud and pleased to do it, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to adulthood.
You know what you guys need? A global youth movement, good old fashioned style. You need a general strike. They're not gonna employ you, get the hell away from them. See if they can wash their own dishes, flip their own burgers.
Move to Austin. Leave wherever you are, move to Austin. Take over the town.. take over regional governments. Just withdraw from places that are top heavy with the elderly people, they can't stop ya. Make friends with the Army and the Cops.. you are the Army and the Cops! You're not gonna see any 60 year old guys who are in the Army and Cops, they're not gonna hit you with sticks. They're all guys your own age, beating you up in order to disadvantage themselves.
And don't listen to any grey-haired professors explaining why change is impossible. This is an era of Organized Deception, where it takes tremendous effort just to speak factually about simple consequences of our real life. The incompetence of the Powers That Be hangs over your future life like a shroud…
Days of Rage, baby!
Via suspiciousminds' photostream.
At about 10.30am on 17 January 1966, when Jesus Caceido heard a deafening explosion coming from the village of Palomares, the future mayor of the area had no idea he had just witnessed one of the Cold War's most serious nuclear accidents – or that nearly half a century later, the 1,500 villagers would still be battling to have the ensuing contamination removed for good. After all, they live in Europe's most radioactive village.
Today, 45 years after four nuclear bombs fell near the village when a US Air Force B-52 bomber and a refuelling aircraft collided in mid-air, tens of thousands of cubic metres of contaminated soil and an estimated – although never officially confirmed – half a kilogram of plutonium remain. And the radiation is getting potentially more dangerous, not less.
"As this type of plutonium decays, it is converted into another radioactive substance, americium, which is highly carcinogenic and can be released into the atmosphere," says Igor Parra, a specialist for the Ecologistas en Accion pressure group for Palomares.
Via The Independent.
From ~EvidencE~'s photostream.
Of all the forgotten and mysterious places in the Five Boroughs of New York City, few have histories as rich and interesting as that of North Brother Island. Situated in the Hell Gate, a particularly treacherous stretch of the East River, North Brother was home to the quarantine hospital that housed Typhoid Mary, was the final destination of the General Slocum during its tragic final voyage, and was the site of an experimental drug treatment program which failed due to corruption. Riverside Hospital, the name of the facility on the island throughout its various incarnations, treated everything from smallpox and leprosy to venereal disease and heroin addiction; after the Second World War, it housed soldiers who were studying under the GI bill. The entirety of the island has been abandoned since 1963; over a dozen buildings remain, in various states of disrepair.
Keep reading over on The Kingston Lounge for Richard Nickel Jnr's complete photo essay.
Check out this fantastic documentary from 2009, produced by the very busy Bradley L. Garrett:
This video is a 30-minute introduction to the practice of urban exploration. Constructed as a video article for the journal Geography Compass, the article uses footage from the author's own explorations in California, Las Vegas and London to visually depict a theoretical unpacking of the practice by 5 academic geographers.
His vimeo channel contains footage of his various infiltrations.
Here's two, for starters:
From ~EvidencE~'s photostream.
Pix from Atlas Obscura via Richard Kadrey.
Moar awesome Bulgarian monuments over on io9.
Thanks to Bruce Sterling's twitterfeed we now a have a word for those things we see around us on a daily basis, but couldn't concisely describe.
Thomasons: Stairs leading to nowhere. Protruding pipes and tubes connecting to nothing. The silhouette of an older building left in the one that consumed it.
It's how the past haunts the present.
The name is taken from this Flickr pool:
I'm curious. What, if anything, have others previously used to describe this?
Via suspiciousminds' photo stream.


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Help her to bring out her inner diva this Halloween! This beautiful ensemble includes a dazzling silver tank top with pink accents and a coordinating skirt with short leggings. 3-piece set. Polyester. Imported.
Does not include: Tiara, makeup, jewelry, purse, microphone, or shoes.
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Sizing: True to size
Reviewed by: tmarceau
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Location: NH
Title: Order a bigger size.
Date: Nov 22, 2011
This costume is cute but it looks like its going to be on the small size for for my 7 year old.
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Reviewed by: Marl
Title: Top Too Small
Date: May 21, 2011
The top was more like a Small instead of a Medium.
Reviewed by: KoertgeCrew
Location: PCB, FL
Title: Very Cute
Date: Oct 31, 2010
True to Size, Comfy, and Cute. We added jewelry, make-up,heels and some hair extensions. The additions made the costume great. My almost 5 year old daughter thought it was great!
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New prize for health care innovation
Nieuwerkerk aan den IJssel (The Netherlands), 20 November 2009 – Following consultations with renowned figures in the health care world, Fagron Nederland, the specialist and market leader in pharmaceutical raw materials and pharmaceutical compounding, launched the Fagron Inventivity Award last week.
An ongoing need for innovation drives the world of medicine. Innovation saves lives and makes patients' lives easier. Compounded preparations often go hand in hand with the latest options for medical treatment and meet an important need. Medication may often not be available in the most appropriate form for administration or a certain dosage may not be available for certain groups of patients. A customized drug, prepared by a pharmacist, will in that case provide a suitable solution that a physician can use to provide customized care. A patient's adherence to a therapy regimen and his or her quality of life can only benefit.
Physicians are well able to identify their patients' individual needs. Fagron supports them with ready-to-use compounded drugs. Working with medical specialists Fagron pushes the envelope: going to the outer limits of the possible in order to meet patients' needs even when small in scale.
The launch of the Fagron Inventivity Award underlines this partnership. The Fagron Inventivity Award provides special recognition for medical specialists in a specified area of the profession who devote themselves to innovation in health care. The primary focus here is on new formulations and on new ways of working together. The Award is first being launched amongst dermatologists with the first award scheduled for end-2010. Fagron is in discussions to make the Award to other medical fields in the future.
For further information, contact Ms Machteld Bongenaar, Manager Professional Affairs at Fagron Nederland. Call her on +31 180 331971 or e-mail her at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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RoweBots Research, Inc., a supplier of tiny embedded POSIX RTOS products, announced the launch and release of Unison Version 5 and the open-source version of Unison Version 4. These two ultra-tiny embedded Linux- and POSIX-compatible RTOSs open Renesas Technology Corp.'s SH-2A microcontroller (MCU) family to Linux and POSIX compatible development for the first time.
Unison, an open-standards-based RTOS, is ideally suited to home automation and networking applications. Unison increases embedded development productivity and reliability for SH-2A developers by substantially reducing the difficulties of developing complex systems. OEM developers can create improved applications with reusable components supported by the Unison product and Renesas SH-2A MCUs with HEW IDE. Modular, advanced networking protocols, file systems, a POSIX shell and other components are available.
Unison is ideally suited for Renesas MCU development by engineers who value reduced design complexity and getting to market quickly using inexpensive MCUs. "Changing market needs for higher speed, higher performance, larger capacity on-chip memory and power-sensitive MCUs has increased complexity and performance demands, " said Todd DeBoer, director, sales activation, at Renesas Technology America, Inc. "We selected RoweBots as a Platinum Alliance Partner because their product offerings are an excellent complement to Renesas MCUs for simple and quick design development."
"Unison's ultra-tiny footprint and open-standards compatibility give it the capability to support Linux-like development where Linux variants cannot run. This approach substantially reduces the cost of system hardware, substantially reduces risk, slashes time to market, and supports multiple products using the de facto software standards," said Kim Rowe, president of RoweBots Research, Inc. "OEMs benefit from simple migration of software between architectures without code changes or GPL concerns. Developers don't require retraining and may easily reuse tens of thousands of applications for these embedded platforms."
The ultra-tiny Linux offerings provide seamless support including:
Lost time to market, customers disappointed with product quality, and missed product price points are three of the biggest problems OEM developers must overcome. Unison solves these problems when used with Renesas SH-2A using open-source technology (http://planetopensource.com).
Unison V4 and V5 are hosted on Windows XP and Vista for x86 platforms. Support, training and consulting for the entire Renesas MCU line are available.
Unison V4 and V5 will begin shipping immediately with free development and deployment of the open-source version. Commercial royalty-free RTOS licenses with serial support and a multimedia file system start at $999 USD per project.
About RoweBots
RoweBots is developing the next generation of modular ultra tiny embedded Linux software for embedded OEM applications in the areas of consumer goods, clean technology, portable products, communications and robotics electronics using system on chip . The company is based in Waterloo, Canada. For more information, visit the RoweBots web site http://www.rowebots.com.
Unison is a registered trademark of RoweBots Research Inc. All other product and company names are the trademarks of their respective owners.
Kim Rowe
Founder and President, RRI


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Buffalo's General Manager, Kristen Becker said, "We get top acts from across the country. We have about 250 seats but nothing is more than 50 feet from the stage. There's not a bad seat in the house."
The club has already booked several national acts like Rob Schneider, DL Hughley, and Jim Norton.
Becker said comedy clubs, like Helium, that attract big names will also attract big dollars to the area.
"I think it's going to have a huge economic impact," Becker said. "I think people are going to come down and stay at hotels. The way they would travel to see their favorite rock band, people will travel to see their top name comedian."
The club sits on the former site of Benchwarmers Sports Bar & Grill and W.J. Morrissey's. It's right down the street from the First Niagara Center where, right now, there's no hockey being played because of the lockout. Becker says that shouldn't affect them because crowds will still turn out to see the comedians, but it may help put a smile on Sabres fans faces.
The club also has a restaurant and bar and will be available for banquets and corporate meetings.
For more information go to www.heliumcomedy.com/buffalo .
Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited.
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Web design and web development by Tipit.


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When the most powerful empire on earth insists on resolving disputes through murder, rather than reasoned dialogue, that empire has become a cancer on the world."
This gargantuan outlay on the Empire's killing machine is a huge drain on the planet's resources. And it isn't just the US murder budgets, official and unofficial, that suck the life-blood of the planet. The US war budget forces other countries to hemorrhage their own money on death and destruction. Other nations would spend vastly less on defense if the US were not constantly threatening, bullying, and invading sovereign nations all over the world...while selling weapons to its puppet "friends" and slaughtering its more principled "enemies."
But then on 9/11 - as the neocon propagandists never cease to remind us - everything changed. Human rights, and the US Constitution itself, were thrown into the proverbial dustbin of history. The USA became like Mordor in Tolkien's Lord of the Rings: An empire of pure, unadulterated evil.


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George W. Bush Library Dedication Attended By President Obama And Former Presidents
Related Stories
Updated: May 29, 2013 7:29AM
WASHINGTON — While President Barack Obama was attending the dedication of the George W. Bush Presidential Center on Thursday — prompting stories about former President Bush plunging the U.S. into the controversial Iraq War — he was moving cautiously on U.S. intelligence reports of "varying degrees of confidence" the Syrian government is using chemical weapons.
Obama doesn't want to get Syria wrong.
Especially when the U.S. may be heading to a showdown with Iran.
The situation in Syria is heating up at a time when Obama is trying to nail down big legacy accomplishments — not foreign policy debacles. Recently he was stymied by Senate Republicans on a big domestic priority, gun-control.
I'm told that Obama was especially interested in visiting the Bush Library and Museum on the campus of Southern Methodist University near Dallas. The dedication, I'm told, is serving as a catalyst for him to start thinking about his own future library, which will be the repository of the history of the two-term Obama administration.
Deputy Chief of Staff Alyssa Mastromonaco informally holds the Obama post-presidential portfolio, I'm told. The University of Chicago has been making a play for an Obama center, and I confirmed that Susan Sher, a U. of C. executive — and former chief of staff for first lady Michelle Obama — who has already scoped out other presidential libraries — was at the Bush Center dedication on Thursday.
All this to say that Obama — elected in part because of his opposition to the Iraq War — knows how Bush got it wrong with Iraq and claims of weapons of mass destruction that never materialized.
The past intelligence failures inform the present.
That's why Obama is moving with caution on Syria, despite some cries from congressional hawks, notably Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.)
At issue is whether Syrian President Bashar Assad has crossed the red line Obama drew last year — and repeated during his recent trip to Israel — that the U.S. would act if there was evidence Assad was using chemical weapons.
The problem is the Obama administration is not sure and wants more evidence.
A White House official conducting a background briefing on Syria on Thursday said,"We want to continue to investigate above and beyond those intelligence assessments to gather facts so that we can establish a credible and corroborated set of information that can then inform our decision making.
". . . So we are continuing to do further work to establish a definitive judgment as to whether or not the red line has been crossed to inform our decision making about what to do next," the official said.
Much is going on right now.
Congress and the White House are grappling with massive immigration and budget issues and fallout from the horrible Boston bombings — over how Tamerlan Tsarnaev slipped through the national security system after being flagged by Russia.
Another foreign policy crisis per se won't derail Obama's legacy agenda. Unless he makes a wrong move. That's why getting Syria right is so critical.
Said the White House official, alluding to Iraq: "I would say that given our own history with intelligence assessments, including intelligence assessments related to weapons of mass destruction, it's very important that we are able to establish this with certainty and that we are able to present information that is airtight in a public and credible fashion to underpin all of our decision-making.
"That is I think the threshold that is demanded given how serious this issue is."


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Tag: Male
Northwestern Mutual Athlete of the Month: Davis Mattingly
Davis Mattingly, Kentucky 6A Player of the Year
Bulldogs Perfect Season Rocked
Trinity defeated the Male Bulldogs and ended Male's perfect football season.
Male Undefeated and Crowned District Champs
The first round of postseason high school football has come and gone in Kentucky.
Bulldogs Stay Undefeated
The Male Bulldogs (11-0) ended Marshall County's season and extended its own undefeated streak when it defeated the Marshals 62-2.
Humble Bulldogs Head Undefeated to State Tourney
In the 2013 season, Male Football fell just short of its goal of a state title. This season, the Bulldogs have put together a perfect regular season, going 10-0 and are ready to attack the postseason and get that elusive state title.
Bulldogs Beat Rivals To Go 9-0
Male (9-0) defeated cross-town rival Manual (6-3) on Friday night to get the historic barrel for the first time in the last five meetings.
Bulldogs Tear Through Tigers
Hosts Male Bulldogs (7-0) defeated the St. Xavier Tigers (5-3) to maintain their unbeaten record.
Bulldogs Looking Strong in 2014
Many coaches, players and fans alike can attest to the frustration that comes along with an "almost there" season.
Bulldogs Blow Away Tigers
Male High School (14-9) routed Louisville rivals St Xavier 10-0 on the road, extending their away record for the year to 7-1, while the Tigers (13-6) saw their home record fall to 6-2.
Ballard Cruise Past Male
Ballard strung together a 20-point run as they swept past Male 77-53 in the Seventh Region Tournament semifinal on Sunday at Valley. Kelan Martin scored a game-high 21 points, while Quentin Snider added 18 points, six assists and four steals as Ballard (29-5) advanced to face Trinity (28-5) in Tuesday's regional final. P.J. Scott high-scored [...]


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(585) 638-5435
(855) 805-7740
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Holley, NY 14470
42 Public Square
Holley, NY 14470
We offer a variety of procedures for dentures, from partial dentures to full dentures and overdentures as well as repairs and relines. While patients often avoid regular checkups after they receive dentures, an annual oral cancer screening and examination to check for tissue changes is extremely important to help maintain good oral health.
Our dentures are custom made for your individual criteria. Dr. Thompson takes great care to make sure, through a series of appointments that your dentures fit properly and look natural.
Overdentures fit over a natural tooth roots or dental implants and utilize special attachments which help to hold the overdenture securely in place.
The most important consideration in your decision to choose an overdenture is the limited retention and stability of a traditional denture which relies on suction alone.
Over time, retention only worsens due to continual bone loss (atrophy) of your dental arches from the lack of teeth, and this can have a negative impact on your overall health. Retaining your dentures with existing teeth or implants will provide you with excellent stability and support for your overdenture. Loose dentures that cause embarrassment will be eliminated. Messy denture creams and adhesives are no longer needed.
A dental Implant is an artificial tooth root implanted into the jawbone. It is made of titanium and may look like a small screw or cylinder. Implants can be used to support a single crown, a bridge or even a denture.
Like traditional implants, Mini Dental Implants (MDI's) are made of titanium alloys. MDI's are more slender than regular implants and are most often used to help stabilize dentures. MDI's provide a less expensive option to traditional dentures and have the added advantage of requiring less invasive procedures for placement and far less healing time than traditional implants. If your current denture is in good shape, we can often alter or adjust to work with the new implants. Dental Implants provide strength and stability required to eat various foods as well as stimulate and maintain jawbone, preventing further bone loss.
Website design and web development by Brand Builder Websites in Rochester, NY via SiteBrandBuilder


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Students in grades 5-12 can explore the surface of Mars this summer with World Book's special online feature, "Exploring the Red Planet," dedicated to the 2003 series of missions to Mars.
"Exploring the Red Planet" is the product of a close collaboration between World Book, NASA, and various experts on space exploration. The program includes discussions and activities related to the proposed NASA "scout" mission, the Aerial Regional-Scale Environmental Survey of Mars.
Students can access the ARES team site for details about the proposed mission, along with images, video, and animation.
This article originally appeared in the 06/01/2006 issue of THE Journal.
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'WOW' women meet monthly
Do you desire more of God? If so come join "WOW" Women of Worship for a time of worship, Bible teaching, prayer and fellowship. Meetings are held on the fourth Saturday of each month, with a lunch meeting afterward. For more information, contact Mary at 972-965-2075.


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Is the server whitelisted @Geoff ? If so could you add me (xalent) looks like it could be fun
Put it this way, I died so many times when I started on @Geoff's server, it made TBlax look like a pro...
Last edited by LiamH; 10th June 2013 at 01:10 PM.
I would like to be whitelisted for the Terra server, too Thanks.
And uh.. I'll try not to break things xD
As for the FTB server, watch it now. I'll make a crystal gateway, attach it to structure blocks (I don't recall their proper name) and then it'll not be allowed to move because it's a portal D: I predict it!
I have started a new thread for my Terrafirmacraft server here.
TerraFirmaCraft Minecraft Mod Server
Done and done.
Server is down until I finish fixing the world.
Indeed he did. I now know what it was. @Geoff's pig farm had spawned like 2500 pigs. And they were slightly lagging things. I've just slaughtered them all. MUAHAHAHA!
World fixed. Compressing for upload now. Will upload at work tomorrow, as 2.1GB will take forever here.
Darn I knew I'd forgotten about something.
It's a good job splash potions exist!!!
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