text:
In a move that strikes some as proprietary ecclesiastical politics, the Vatican released a statement Tuesday claiming that the Catholic Church is the only Christian organization eligible to use the term church to describe itself.
Chicago Sun-Times:
Predictably, the document drew praise from some, while critics called it insensitive and a harsh example of religious intolerance.
But in some Catholic circles, the document was viewed as sort of a Chicago Manual of Style.
"The Vatican is interested in theological precision in using the word 'church,' " said Lawrence Cunningham, a theologian at the University of Notre Dame.
AP Photo / Luca Bruno
One true church? Aerial view of St. Peter's Basilica at the Vatican.
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A Progressive Journal of News and Opinion Zuade Kaufman, Publisher Robert Scheer, Editor-in-Chief
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Homemade love potions
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Andrew Lee
Vice-President, Northeast Region
Andrew Lee is an executive at Aetna, a Fortune 100 healthcare company, where he is currently Vice-President for the Northeast Region. Prior positions at Aetna include launching a technology start-up for the company, serving as chief of staff to the president and leading Aetna's Office of Public Policy. Before joining Aetna in 2005, Lee was Executive Director of the Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development, an applied research institution housed at the Harvard Kennedy School. From 1996 to 1998, he worked at the Ford Foundation. Lee is a Trustee of the Nathan Cummings Foundation, a Director of the Aetna Foundation and a Trustee of the Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian. He also serves on other boards in the fields of indigenous affairs, applied research, the arts, athletics and youth leadership. Lee is co-author of "The State of the Native Nations". He holds an AB from Hamilton College and an MPP from the Harvard Kennedy School, where he was a Woodrow Wilson Fellow.


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|NSFW Content
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What do you think? Give us your opinion. Anonymous comments allowed.
#24 - gammajk (08/23/2013) [-]
Also remember the Australians declared war on emus and lost.
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+1#28 to #24 - jaergerjaquez **User deleted account** has deleted their comment [-]
#29 to #28 - myaccountisnew (08/23/2013) [-]The basic story is that they're were a lot of them, and they were messing with the farms, so they sent maybe half a dozen people and a couple machine guns to wipe out as many as they could, but they weren't killing them as fast as they thought, maybe 40 on a good day. They eventually gave up. There was Emu War 2 a while later, but I believe the same basic thing happened.
#40 to #29 - fuckoatmeal (08/23/2013) [-]
** *********** rolled a random image posted in comment #5 at drink up fj ** mfw emu wars and emu wars 2 for PC and mac
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - View original article
|This article contains wording that promotes the subject in a subjective manner without imparting real information. (May 2013)
Ching Shih (1775–1844)[1] (simplified Chinese: 郑氏; traditional Chinese: 鄭氏; pinyin: Zhèng Shì; Cantonese: Jihng Sih; "widow of Zheng"), also known as Cheng I Sao (simplified Chinese: 郑一嫂; traditional Chinese: 鄭一嫂; pinyin: Zhèng Yī Sǎo; Cantonese: Jihng Yāt Sóu; "wife of Zheng Yi"), was a prominent pirate in middle Qing China, who terrorized the China Sea in the early 19th century. She commanded over 300 junks manned by 20,000 to 40,000 pirates[2] another estimate has Cheng's fleet at 1800 and crew at about 80,000[3][4]— men, women, and even children. She challenged the empires of the time, such as the British, Portuguese and the Qing dynasty. Undefeated, she would become one of China and Asia's strongest pirates, and one of world history's most powerful pirates. She was also one of the few pirate captains to retire from piracy.
She is featured in numerous books, novels, video games and films.
Little is known about Ching Shih's early life, including her birth name and precise date of birth. She was a Cantonese prostitute who worked in a small brothel in the city of Canton,[5] but was captured by pirates. In 1801, she married Zheng Yi, a notorious pirate. The name she is best remembered by simply means "widow of Zheng".
Zheng Yi belonged to a family of successful pirates who traced their criminal origins back to the mid-seventeenth century. Following his marriage to Ching Shih, "who participated fully in her husband's piracy,"[6] Zheng Yi used military assertion and his reputation to gather a coalition of competing Cantonese pirate fleets into an alliance. By 1804, this coalition was a formidable force, and one of the most powerful pirate fleets in all of China; by this time they were known as the Red Flag Fleet.[7]
On 16 November 1807, Zheng Yi died in Vietnam.[8] Ching Shih immediately began maneuvering her way into his leadership position. She started to cultivate personal relationships to get rivals to recognize her status and solidify her authority. In order to stop her rivals before open conflict erupted, she sought the support of the most powerful members of her husband's family: his nephew Cheng Pao-yang and his cousin's son Cheng Ch'i. Then she drew on the coalition formed by her husband by building upon some of the fleet captains' existing loyalties to her husband and making herself essential to the remaining captains.[7]
Since Ching Shih would have such a large force at her command, she knew she needed someone to assist her in managing the Red Flag Fleet's day to day operations, but remain loyal to her and be accepted by the low-level pirates. She believed there was only one man for the job, and that was Chang Pao.[9]
Chang Pao (simplified pinyin, traditional Wade–Giles: Cheung Po Tsai) was the son of a fisherman and had been impressed into piracy via homosexual liaison at age 15, when he was captured by Zheng Yi. Pao rose rapidly through the ranks and was eventually adopted by Zheng Yi.[10]
As soon as Ching Shih chose Pao, she acted quickly to solidify the partnership with intimacy. The two became lovers within weeks and eventually married.[10]
Now that she held the fleet's leadership position, Ching Shih started on the task of uniting the fleet by issuing a code of laws.[11] (The Neumann translation of The History of Pirates Who Infested the China Sea claims that it was Chang Pao that issued the code.[12] Yuan Yung-lun says that Chang Pao issued his own code of three regulations, called san-t'iao, for his own fleet, but these are not known to exist in a written form.)[13] The code was very strict and according to Richard Glasspoole, strictly enforced.[14]
First, anyone giving their own orders (ones that did not come down from Ching Shih) or disobeying those of a superior were beheaded on the spot. Second, no one was to steal from the public fund or any villagers that supplied the pirates.[15]
Third, all goods taken as booty had to be presented for group inspection. The booty was registered by a purser and then distributed by the fleet leader. The original seizer received twenty percent and the rest was placed into the public fund. Fourth, actual money was turned over to the squadron leader, who only gave a small amount back to the seizer, so the rest could be used to purchase supplies for unsuccessful ships.[8][16] According to Philip Maughan, the punishment for a first-time offense of withholding booty was severe whipping of the back. Large amounts of withheld treasure or subsequent offenses carried the death penalty.[16]
Ching Shih's code had special rules for female captives. Standard practice was to release women, but J.L. Turner witnessed differently. Usually the pirates made their most beautiful captives their concubines or wives. If a pirate took a wife he had to be faithful to her.[17] The ugliest were released and any remaining were ransomed. Pirates that raped female captives were put to death, but if it was consensual sex, the pirate was decapitated and the woman he was with had cannonballs attached to her legs and was chucked off the side of the boat. [13][16][17]
Violations of other parts of the code were punished with flogging, clapping in irons, or quartering. Deserters or those that went AWOL had their ears chopped off, and then were paraded around their squadron. Glasspoole concluded that the code "gave rise to a force that was intrepid in attack, desperate in defense, and unyielding even when outnumbered."[14]
The fleet under her command established hegemony over many coastal villages, in some cases even imposing levies and taxes on settlements. According to Robert Antony, Ching Shih "robbed towns, markets, and villages, from Macau to Canton."[18] In 1806 a British officer reported on the terrible fate of those who resisted Ching Shih's pirates; the pirates nailed an enemy's feet to the deck and then beat him senseless.[19] Contemporary reports from the British admiralty called her "The Terror of the South China"[20]
The Chinese navy lost sixty-three ships in the attacks. Even the hired navies of Portugal and Britain could not defeat Ching Shih.[21] Finding it hopeless to defeat her, in 1810, amnesty was offered to all pirates, and Ching Shih took advantage of it.[22][23][24] She ended her career that year, accepting an amnesty offer from the Chinese government. She kept her loot, and opened a gambling house.[25] She died in 1844, at the age of 69.[25]
as an opium smuggler. Borges acknowledged the 1932 book The History of Piracy, by Philip Gosse (grandson of the naturalist Philip Henry Gosse), as the source of the tale.[26]
In 2003, Ermanno Olmi made a film, Singing Behind Screens, loosely based on Borges's retelling, though rights problems prevented the Argentine writer from appearing in the credits.[27][28]
Afterlife, a 2006 OEL graphic novel, depicts Ching Shih as a guardian who fights demons to protect the denizens of the underworld.
In The Wake of the Lorelei Lee, book eight of L.A. Meyer's Bloody Jack series, Jacky is captured by Cheng Shih and so impresses her that the pirate bestows her with a tattoo of a dragon on the back of her neck to indicate she is under Shih's protection.
In 2007, in the third film in the Pirates of the Caribbean franchise, Ching Shih was portrayed as the powerful pirate Mistress Ching.
Puppetmongers Theatre of Toronto, Canada, mounted two different productions based on Ching Shih's life. The first was a co-production with the Center for Puppetry Arts in Atlanta, directed by Jon Ludwig in 2000, and the second version, directed by Mark Cassidy played at Toronto's Tarragon Theatre Extra Space in 2002.
In the 1990s, the Treasure Island Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, NV had a Chinese restaurant named after Ching Shih (Madame Ching's). It is no longer in business.


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785 people registered to run or walk to help feed the hungry in the Eighth Annual Lexington's Race Against Hunger that took place on Saturday, February 23, 2008. In the 10k competition, Ricky Deshaw of Columbia, SC lead the way in 36:51.
Top three male
Top three female
1 RICKY DESHAW 34 Columbia, SC 36:51
1 KENZIE LANG 23 Columbia, SC 39:48
2 RANDY FINN 31 Columbia, SC 37:40
2 MISTY DAVIS 27 Columbia, SC 41:47
3 JOHN WEBB 37 Columbia, SC 38:18
3 MARIAN NANNEY 32 Columbia, SC 44:09
Scott Ryan of WLTX-TV was on hand to liven up the crowd and do the MC duties. The atmosphere was exciting as we raised the awareness levels of hunger both locally and worldwide, and raised great amounts of money. This
year's event will donate over $25, 173.65 to our charities: *Lexington's Interfaith Community Services (LICS), Souper Bowl of Caring, World Vision, Oliver Gospel Missions, and Area Churches Together Serving (ACTS). This brings our eight year total to $157,769.89. Once again, this year's race brought together members of the community for fun and challenges to benefit the many hungry people worldwide. This event is successful only because of the many people who pull together to plan, execute, and sponsor the event. *SEE ATTACHED CHARITY SHEET AND LEARN HOW OUR MONEY WORKS