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Lighten Up A Bit
Claude Jarman Jr. was a young man of 12 in 1946 when the movie The Yearling was released. Claude played young Jody in the film and was awarded a "Juvenile Oscar" for his fine and emotional performance.
With his future looking so bright, the young actor's family left their home in Nashville, Tennessee, and went to Hollywood. They were anxious to have Claude parlay that accomplishment into other roles in film that would pay him handsomely and guarantee him a life of financial security.
Despite landing some other roles and appearing in some quality "B" movies, it turned out that Claude's finest and most respected performance had been his first one and he could never quite find the niche that would ultimately take him from child phenomenon to grown movie star. By the time he was in his late teens, he had moved back to Tennessee to finish high school. From there, he did coursework in pre-law at Vanderbilt University and served three years in the U.S. Navy.
He appeared as a past award winner at both the 1998 and 2003 Academy Awards ceremonies and later moved to working behind the scenes in movies as an executive producer. He later served as Director of Cultural Affairs for the city of San Francisco.
Jarman, now 79, had seven children with three wives, including two daughters with his current wife, Katherine.
I am pretty sure that this route was not what was envisioned when Claude Jarman Jr. packed for California and left his childhood home. Although most of the child star stories in Hollywood are sad ones, I'll bet Mr. Jarman thought he was an exception and that he had found his life's calling as the crowd soundly applauded him in 1947 as he humbly clutched his Academy Award and basked in that successful glow.
But as they say, "If you want to make God laugh, tell him your plans."
Yet look at the diverse array of talents life wrought out of him. Observe how he tried different fields, varying careers, unplanned directions. I bet you Mr. Jarman's life is more reflective of most of us as compared to someone who sailed through life knowing exactly where he was going and exactly what the end result would be.
I recall serving an internship for a local television station during my senior year of college. One of the station's big annual events was broadcasting from a bridal show located in a posh hotel in downtown Cleveland.
The interns all had to wear T-shirts that looked like the front of a tuxedo, complete with a stenciled bow tie and ruffled shirt, and mine was PINK no less. As soon-to-be brides sashayed through the exhibitor's hall, the interns had to pass out literature and bumper stickers.
I must have run into 50 people I knew from either high school, college, or my old hometown, Berea. I looked like an absolute idiot and was so embarrassed, but hey, I was in no position to question the work. I was trying to get ahead and, for that day, that was the role.
A few short months later, I was doing my final internship with Cleveland Metroparks and had been hired by the Planning Department to write legal descriptions and complete a small but important research project. I was so thrilled to finally have a job where I looked like a business grad.
I wore a handsome three-piece suit (Yeah that's right I said three-piece, OK? It was 1984!) to work that first day. Around 10 a.m., my new boss turned the corner into my cubicle and tossed me an orange vest and a yellow flag.
"Zoo traffic is picking up, kiddo," he said. "Interns park cars on big attendance days."
I removed my suit jacket and vest and put the stained orange plastic vest over my head. It fit poorly. I reported to the kid in charge of summer kids, and you can imagine he really liked my necktie. Ten minutes later, I was sweating in front of the main zoo entrance and flagging cars out of two lanes of traffic–pointing to open parking spots.
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- English (7) (remove)
- Biodiversität (7) (remove)
- Biologie (4)
- Geowissenschaften (3)
- Informatik (1)
- Exotic Species Invasion and Biodiversity in Bangladesh Forest Ecosystems (2011)
- Both, biological invasion by exotic plant species and biodiversity including spatial patterns and drivers are two major issues in tropical forest ecosystems. This dissertation deals with these two issues in a tropical forest ecosystem in Bangladesh. Considering the first issue, it comprises two manuscripts: a systematic review and a field survey in Bangladesh forest ecosystem. The review was done based on a formalized literature search in order to summarize the approaches that were hitherto applied as well as to mark gaps in tropical invasion research. A considerable number of primary research papers focused on invasion by plants in tropical forests were reviewed. The results identified ample gaps of research. Adressing these gaps may generate promising future research to understand and mitigate this great challenge in different types of tropical forests. Then a case study was conducted to examine the invasiveness and invasibility characteristics in a forest ecosystem of Bangladesh. This study seeks to find out the characteristics of exotic species and relationships between native species richness, environmental variables, disturbances and exotic plant invasion in this ecosystem. Boosted Regression Trees and Detrended Correspondence Analysis are used to determine these relationships. Most exotics are trees followed by shrubs and herbs. Fabaceae and Asteraceae contribute a large proportion of exotic species. Most of them originated from other tropical areas. Native species richness was found to be the best predictor for the number and percentage of exotic species in the study area. However, a unimodal relationship was found. Multiple other factors also influence the success of exotic species. The number and the percentage of exotic species are positively correlated with frequency of disturbances and with soil attributes (phosphorus and bulk density) but negatively correlated with topography (elevation) and conservation patterns (protection). Considering the biodiversity issue, it encompases another two manuscripts based on a case study conducting a systematic field work in the same forest ecosystem of Bangladesh. They are the first spatially explicit analysis of drivers and patterns of biodiversity in this terrestrial ecosystem based on multivariate approaches, similarity analysis and variation partitioning. One manuscript assesses the relationships between landscape and habitat characteristics, conservation patterns, and plant diversity in this tropical forest ecosystem. This study analyses the effects of soils, topographic conditions, disturbances and nature protection on plant species richness and species composition. The results reveal that biodiversity patterns in the study area are positively correlated with protection and elevation. These patterns are, however, negatively correlated with disturbances. The other manuscript focuses on the stand characteristics and spatial patterns of biodiversity as they are rarely studied in the tropics in general and in Bangladesh in particular. Data on tree species are used as they are the most conspicuous element of these ecosystems. Tree species composition was recorded in a systematic plot design and diameter was measured at breast height for each individual tree. Distance-decay approach was applied to analyze the spatial pattern of biodiversity for the whole study area and two subsamples from Satchari National Park and Satchari Reserve Forest. Analyses showed that biomass increased significantly with protection status. Plots in the Reserve Forest were associated with higher species turnover than in the National Park. This dissertation identifyies, for the first time in a systematic approach, the major drivers for invasion and biodiversity pattern in a forested area in Bangladesh. In conclusion, both, biological invasion by exotic plant species as well as biodiversity are strongly related to the disturbance regime and nature protection.
- Structuring Descriptive Data of Organisms — Requirement Analysis and Information Models (2007)
- Data that describe organisms in a structured form are indispensable not only for taxonomic and identification purposes, but also many phylogenetic, genetic, or ecological analyses. By analyzing existing information models and performing selected fundamental requirement analyses, the present work contributes to a broadening of the understanding of these forms of data. It falls into an interdisciplinary area between biology and information science. The term "descriptive data" is understood here in a broad sense: As descriptions of individuals, populations, or taxa, intended for various purposes (e. g., genetic, phylogenetic, diagnostic, taxonomic, or ecological), and covering a wide array of observation methods and data types (e. g., morphological, anatomical, genetic, physiological, molecular, or behavioral data). The position of descriptive data in the context of biodiversity framework concepts (covering, e. g., nomenclatural data, specimen collection data, or resource management) is discussed. A number of fundamental problems arise when modeling biological descriptive data. The ways in which existing data exchange formats, information models, and software applications address them are studied and future possible solutions are outlined. One such solution, the information model for the software "DiversityDescriptions (DeltaAccess)" is one of the results of this thesis and fully documented (Ch. 7). This entity relationship model fully supports the concepts of the traditional DELTA data exchange format (Description Language for Taxonomy; TDWG standard since 1986). If further improves on DELTA by introducing "modifiers" as a new terminology class, by introducing a more flexible system of handling statistical measures, by improving the handling of multilingual data sets, by supporting subset and filter features for concurrent collaborative editing (instead of supporting these for report-generation purposes alone), by supporting improved character attributes to create natural language descriptions from structured descriptions, and by adding metadata for a data set to improve the ability of data exchange without external documentation. In preparation of a future improved information model for descriptive data, the results of three requirement analyses are presented: a data-centric analysis of general concepts, a process-centric analysis of identification tools, and a high-level use case analysis. The first analysis (Ch. 4) is a structured inventory of fundamental approaches and problems involved in collecting and summarizing scientific descriptions of organisms. It is informed in part by current practices in information science, comparative data analysis, statistical, descriptive or phylogenetic software applications, and data exchange formats in biodiversity informatics. At the end three topics are discussed in particular detail ("Federation and modularization of terminology", "Modifiers", and "Secondary classification resulting in description scopes"). Except for phylogenetic analyses, identification is the most common usage of descriptive data. The second analysis (Ch. 5) therefore studies the processes, data structures, presentational and user interface requirements for printable and computer-aided identification tools ("keys"). Finally, a general use case analysis is performed with the goal of creating a framework of high-level use cases into which present as well as future requirements may be integrated (Ch. 6). All three requirement analyses are explorative and do not fulfill formal criteria of software engineering. They identify many requirements not addressed by the relational DiversityDescriptions model. Some of these could only be explored and await future solutions. For others solutions are proposed (some of which could already be incorporated into the design of SDD, an xml-based TDWG standard since 2005): The traditional data types are changed into an extensible character type model. The importance of data aggregation concepts was recognized to be fundamental. Complementary to data aggregation, the present and potentially future use of data inheritance along the lines of the taxonomic hierarchy is briefly studied. The concept of calculated characters could be addressed only insofar as the mapping between values can potentially be generalized. Character decomposition models are studied, but ultimately the traditional character concept, supplemented with a forest of ontologies for compositional and generalization concept hierarchies, is preferred as a more general concept. Both the traditional character subset and character applicability models can be integrated into concept hierarchies.
- Direct Amino Acid Uptake by Plants related to Grassland Diversity - methodological and ecological Investigations (2009)
- Uptake of intact amino acids by plants has been identified as an alternative nitrogen (N) source for plants in a number of ecosystems and soil types. Up to now it is assumed that this uptake strategy is of particular relevance in ecosystems with low mineral N (Nmin) contents due to insignificant microbial activity or due to poorly developed soils. However, it has also been discussed that amino acid uptake might enable plants to lower intracspecific competition for mineral N and shortcut the microbial mineralization of organic N in systems were competition is exceptionally high. The positive effect of plant diversity on plant productivity is known to induce conditions of intense N competition and thus amino acid uptake might explain how plant communities enable higher productive with increasing diversity. However, the ecological importance of organic N uptake has also been questioned due to the high competitive power of microbes in soils of the temperate zone and due to a number of flaws in the commonly used method to proof and quantify direct amino acid uptake. In this, dual labelled (13C and 15N) amino acids are injected into the soil and direct tracer uptake is quantified via bulk isotope measurement of 13C and 15N enrichment in plant tissues, which recently has been challenged to exclusively reflect direct amino acid uptake. The first objective therefore was to identify and reduce methodological influences on the direct amino acid uptake by plants. Thus the effect of changed amino acid concentrations on amino acid uptake was investigated by application of different tracer amounts. Next, the accuracy and precision of commonly used bulk isotope measurements were compared to compound specific measurements with respect to the determination of direct amino acid uptake. It was shown that the use of high tracer amounts accompanied by high Nmin release reduces direct amino acid uptake via plant internal down regulation of amino acid transporters. This corroborates the importance of minimizing tracer amounts and suggests that plants can actively increase amino acid uptake when N availability in soil is low. Bulk measurements turned out to overestimate direct amino acid uptake by a factor of up to six, as they were not able to separate uptake of intact tracer molecules from uptake of tracer fragments or inorganic carbon. At the same time compound specific isotope measurements proofed to be an accurate and precise tool to demonstrate and quantify uptake of intact amino acids. Using these optimized methods, the importance of amino acid uptake for the N-nutrition of plants with respect to changing plant diversity was investigated. The uptake of amino acids and mineral N by plants as well as the competition between plants and microbes for amino acid N was investigated in grassland communities with 1 to 16 grassland species. Microbes were superior competitors for amino acid derived nitrogen, irrespective of plant diversity and took up 54% of the applied amino acid N in average within 24 h. In contrast, plants only incorporated 2.7% of the applied N and were thus less effective by a factor of 20 in short term N acquisition than microbes. In addition, plant mineral N uptake decreased with increasing plant diversity while uptake of intact amino acids increased. Thus the contribution of amino acid uptake to the overall plant N nutrition increased from 1.5 to 7.0% in which amino acid uptake was mainly controlled by plant N concentration shoot biomass and rooting density while mineral N uptake was controlled by microbial competition. In detail amino acid uptake increased with decreasing plant N concentration while mineral N uptake decreased with increasing microbial abundance and microbial N uptake. Thus, the boosted importance of amino acid uptake for plant N nutrition has to be seen as a reaction on increased N competition with increasing plant diversity. Additionally, plant diversity stimulated microbial diversity which was most likely due to the bottom up effect of increased root exudation and litter input caused by increasing N competition and plant productivity, respectively. While the microbial community was dominated by bacteria (54.7%) the abundance of litter and soil organic matter decomposing gram positive bacteria and fungi as well as protozoan abundance increased with increasing plant diversity. Protozoa are known to stimulate turnover of bacteria which was indicated by higher tracer incorporation of this microbial group and an overall increase of deaminase activity with increasing plant diversity. As higher microbial turnover is associated with increased loss of microbial N to plants, we have to expect higher N availability for plants in the long term. The positive feedback of a plant-induced higher microbial turnover rate on N availability in soil together with an increased amino acids uptake might therefore be an important model to explain the positive effect of plant diversity on plant productivity.
- Soil microbial community structure and function of agriculturally used Mollisols in the periurban area around Buenos Aires, Argentina, with emphasis on pesticide and heavy metal contamination (2007)
- Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina is surrounded by an agricultural green belt with fertile Mollisols, which provides the entire supply especially for vegetables of the city. The fast growing population is causing a decrease in the agriculturally available area on the one hand and also a higher demand for food on the other hand. Therefore, an intensification of agriculture and the maintenance of sustainable soil fertility are of essential importance. However, the population is increasingly concerned about an environmental contamination because of an enhanced application of pesticides and heavy metal containing fertilisers in the course of which organic management systems are getting increasing attention. The green belt is agriculturally used in manifold ways. Besides fallows and pastures, organic and conventional cultivations are conducted on open fields and under greenhouses, while also anthropogenically unaffected areas with soils representing a reference for natural soil condition still exist. The objectives of this dissertation were to examine whether inputs of pesticides and heavy metals cause soil pollution and whether the different land use systems lead to an alteration of soil microbial community structure and function. Additionally, it was investigated whether conventional cultivation leads to a soil quality deterioration and if a replacement by organic cultivation can improve this situation. With the aid of a field experiment it was also tested whether land use conversion from a fallow to typical management systems influences soil microbiology, why special emphasis was put on conventional as well as on organic cultivation and pesticide application. Exclusively in top soils of conventionally managed fields pesticides were quantified up to 34.2 µg/kg. The mean heavy metal concentrations did not differ significantly from natural background contents and between the diverse land use systems. A contamination hazard coming from pesticides and heavy metals was regarded as low and consequently, no risk potential for the ecosystems were expected. For the characterisation of the soil microbial community structure and function in soils of the different land use systems twenty phospholipid fatty acids and the following parameters were examined, respectively: enzyme activities (acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase, cellulase, dehydrogenase and urease), basal and substrate-induced respiration, soil microbial biomass, metabolic quotient, net nitrogen mineralisation, net nitrification and potential denitrification. Two principal component analyses were carried out, one for the structural and one for the functional parameters. For the first ones six microbial taxonomic groups were distinguished, while for the latter four principal components (microbial capacity, mineralisation activity, nitrogen transformation potential and metabolic activity) were extracted. With the aid of a subsequent discriminant analysis calculated by the functional data six independent land use groups could be differentiated. Nearly all soils of conventionally managed greenhouses as well as those of organically managed greenhouses and agricultural fields, pastures and the reference were allocated to the expected groups. Only soils of conventionally managed agricultural fields and fallows were combined into one group exhibiting high similarities between these two land use systems. All microbial taxonomic groups showed a reduction in biomass due to agricultural use, while a shift of relative contributions to the total biomass was hardly observable. A differentiation of the land use systems by a discriminant analysis calculated by the structural data was not possible. In the field experiment with the aid of two discriminant analyses calculated by both the data of the structural and the functional parameters it could clearly be distinguished between conventionally and organically managed as well as non-treated and fallow soils. However, a differentiation between soils of the same management with respect to different pesticide applications and varying application amounts was not possible. Finally, correlations between phospholipid fatty acid contents of all analysed microbial taxonomic groups and soil microbial functional parameters were found indicating close connections between soil microbial community structure and function. Hence, the microbial community composition on its own is of no indicator value for soil quality and has to be combined with functional properties. Recapitulatory, it can be concluded that the Mollisols of the green belt around Buenos Aires are not sensitive against intensive agricultural utilisation.
- Diversity and species composition of two different moth families (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae vs. Geometridae) along a successional gradient in the Ecuadorian Andes (2005)
- The diversity of two very species-rich families of arctiid and geometrid moths was investigated in a montane area in the Andes in southern Ecuador (Reserva Biológica San Francisco, 3°58´ S, 79°5´ W) along a succession gradient ranging from a barely vegetated landslide area to mature forest understorey between 1,800 and 2,005 m above sea level. This study was part of a larger interdisciplinary project on diversity and functioning of a tropical mountain rainforest ecosystem. Moths were collected during three field periods in the years 2002 (March to April, October to November) and 2003 (August to October) at the 15 succession sites. Moths were manually sampled by attraction to weak light sources (2 x 15 W tubes: black light and super-actinic light) in a white gauze cylinder from 18:45 to 21:45 h. Data from this study (15 succession sites) were compared with data from six natural forest understorey sites sampled in the years 1999 and 2000 in the same region. A total of 9,211 arctiid moths representing 287 species, of which 135 belong to the tribe Phaegopterini, followed by Ctenuchini/Euchromiini (82), Lithosiinae (54), Pericopini (9), and Arctiini (7), as well as 23,720 geometrid moths representing 868 species were recorded at 21 sites. Large proportions of the samples (Arctiidae: 70.4% of species, 76.1% of individuals; Geometridae: 65% of species, 78.1% of individuals) were identified to species level. The study deals with patterns of alpha- and beta-diversity, ensemble structure, wing colouration and various other morphological traits of arctiid moths along the succession gradient. In addition, temporal dynamics of moth ensembles as well as the role of environmental factors such as temperature or habitat openness as predictors of faunal change at small spatial scales were investigated.
- How availability and quality of nectar and honeydew shape an Australian rainforest ant community (2003)
- Ant communities visiting nectar and honeydew sources were studied in a tropical lowland rainforest in North Queensland, Australia. The study focused on the hypothesis whether the distribution and composition of nectar and honeydew diets influence resource partitioning and competition in the ant community, and thus regulate community composition. Ants were the most common consumers on all extrafloral nectaries, while they constituted only a minority of floral visitors. In total, 43 ant species were observed to consume nectar from extrafloral nectaries (34 plant species) or from flowers (14 plant species), and wound sap exudates (three plant species). Six nectar-foraging ant species attended trophobionts (including at least 12 species of homopterans and two species of lycaenid caterpillars) for honeydew. Ant species showed a significant compartmentalisation of nectar use across plant species, although most ant species visited a broad spectrum of plants that strongly overlapped between different ants. Trophobioses were much more specialised at the study site, and some ant species attended certain trophobionts exclusively. On each plant individual, only a single ant colony was observed attending trophobionts. In contrast, simultaneous co-occurrences between different ant species foraging for nectar on the same plant individuals were common (observed in 23% of the surveys), although these proportions varied strongly across plant and ant species. The two most dominant ant species (Oecophylla smaragdina and Anonychomyrma gilberti) had mutually exclusive territories, and they were each associated with a significantly different assemblage of other ant species on nectar plants. This community pattern corresponds with the concept of ant mosaics that is based on dominance hierarchies. Honeydew and nectar sources varied substantially in carbohydrate and amino acid concentration and composition (HPLC analyses). There was a strong relationship between the composition of these resources and their use by ants, in particular by the dominant O. smaragdina. Among all 32 nectar and honeydew sources analysed, resources actually consumed by this ant were characterised by relatively similar amino acid profiles and higher total sugar concentration. The most common diets of O. smaragdina included two honeydew sources (Sextius 'kurandae' membracids on Entada phaseoloides and Caesalpinia traceyi legume lianas) and two extrafloral nectars (Flagellaria indica and Smilax cf. australis) that had the broadest spectrum of amino acids. Furthermore, these trophobioses on lianas showed a significantly higher per capita recruitment of this ant species (number of workers per individual homopteran) compared to trees. F. indica and S. cf. australis extrafloral nectaries were also commonly monopolised by O. smaragdina in a similar way as trophobioses; co-occurrences were significantly rarer than at other nectar sources. Field experiments on nectar preferences were performed using artificial sugar and amino acid solutions in pairwise comparisons. Preferences among sugars were largely concordant between ant species. For most ant species, sucrose was more attractive than any other sugar, and attractiveness increased with sugar concentration. Most ant species also preferred sugar solutions containing mixtures of amino acids over pure sugar solutions. However, choices between different single amino acids in sugar solutions varied substantially and significantly between species. Preferences between solutions were significantly reduced in the presence of competing ant species. Thus the experiments show that both variability in gustatory preferences, especially for amino acids, and conditional effects of competition may be important for resource selection and partitioning in nectar feeding ant communities. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition was analysed for 50 ant species, and additionally for associated plants, homopterans and other arthropods from the study site. Nitrogen isotope ratios (d15N) of ants were not correlated with those of plant foliage from which the ants were collected. Instead, d15N may represent a powerful indicator of trophic position of omnivorous ants like in other foodweb studies, suggesting that members of the ant community spread out in a continuum between largely herbivorous species, feeding on nectar or honeydew, and predatory taxa. Variability between colonies of the same species was also pronounced. d15N values of O. smaragdina colonies from mature forests, where most of their nectar and honeydew sources are found, indicate lower trophic levels than isotope signatures of colonies from open secondary vegetation. This study demonstrates that the distribution and quality of honeydew and nectar sources have a strong structuring impact in diverse tropical ant communities. Amino acids were found to play a key role for ant species preferences and competition, and for nitrogen fluxes to colonies of the arboreal ant fauna.
- Diversity of geometrid moths in a montane rainforest in Ecuador (2002)
- The diversity of the very species-rich family of geometrid moths was investigated in a montane forest at the border of the Podocarpus National Park in southern Ecuador along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 1,040 m to 2,677 m above sea level. This study is part of a larger interdisciplinary project on diversity and functioning of a montane forest ecosystem. A total of 13,938 moths representing 1,010 species were sampled in light-traps at eleven elevational levels (two replicate sites each). Most species belonged to the subfamily Ennominae (500 sp.), followed by Larentiinae (391 sp.), Sterrhinae (58 sp.), Geometrinae (57 sp.), Oenochrominae (3 sp.), and Desmobatrinae (1 sp.). The study covers aspects of host-plant relationships, community structure, endemism, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity. The role of different environmental factors as mechanisms for the diversity of the moths is discussed. Furthermore, methodological aspects of light-trap sampling, and selection of appropriate diversity measures and analytical tools are considered in this study.

subset: commoncrawl


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- Posted in : Bollywood,Box Office
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- December 23rd, 2013.
Aamir Khan beats Shahrukh Khan in the overseas markets
Aamir Khan has comprehensively beaten Shahrukh Khan, not just at the domestic box office, but in territories where SRK is considered to be in a league of his own and way ahead of the competition.
Aamir's latest release Dhoom 3 has collected around $12 million (73 crore) in the overseas markets in its first weekend, which is about 46% more than the business generated by Chennai Express. The SRK starrer grossed around $8.2 million (Rs 50.8 crore) in 3 days including paid previews in various countries.
What should also not be forgotten is the fact that, Dhoom 3 released during the 'Pre-Christmas' period which is considered to be dull for films released in countries like USA, Canada, UK and Australia. Also, the 'Eid' period when Chennai Express released is huge in countries like UAE/GCC and Pakistan.
Dhoom 3 has also beaten the lifetime overseas business of Krrish 3 in just 3 days. The film could go on to cross Rs 100 crore in the overseas markets by the end of Week 1 and could beat the total collections of Chennai Express in its second weekend.
It is also likely to gross more than 3 Idiots (currently the biggest grosser) and My Name Is Khan, to set new benchmarks in the international business. What remains to be seen is if Dhoom 3 can cross the Rs 150 crore mark, which no film has managed to do so far.
Related Articles
JC: (December 23, 2013 at 3:38 pm)
So, Salman is the blockbuster King of India, while Aamir is the Emperor Overseas.
Arrey bhai, koyi srk, krk, naam ka bandha tha, uska kya hua?
Popular 50 41
thebhatta: (December 23, 2013 at 3:39 pm)
I have to start with Aamir, the back bone of the movie Dhoom-3…i was quiet excited to see the movie on the first day.From every expression to every move, Aamir has really pulled his character/s in the movie. It is a delight to see him in such a challenging role…It is after nearly a decade that I have seen such engrossing roles by an Indian actor and also the story is catchy as you see surprises and turns….There are two scenes which really takes your breath away…I am not sharing as you need to go and watch the movie! On the other hand, The start scene of Abhishek and Uday was quiet funny, they could have shown little seriousness to it…It looked force-fit as a start! Full Pantar-Baji (Crazy-ness)! A little different from his previous characters, Abhishek played a little better this time…2 brownie points to you man! Katrina also did her part well. Somehow MAGIC and other essential elements should have been little more researched and worked upon, could have taken it to a different level.But i have no complaints as i really loved it and was looking forward to this release for months. I do not see any point in comparison with any foreign similar movie..As it has to been seen with a fresh perspective and Dhoom series has its own connection! I will await the next Dhoom-4 with more for twists and turns! Good Work and My applause to the Entire Team of Dhoom!
Highly rated comment 35 8
nipun hrithikaholic: (December 23, 2013 at 3:41 pm)
D3 beating ce or k3 doesn't mean amir beating srk or HR. .lol. .dhoom is the biggest franishe of bollwood as well as yrbanner. .
Highly rated comment 47 33
nipun hrithikaholic: (December 23, 2013 at 3:44 pm)
K3 released in only 400-450 screens in overseas.
Popular 11 18
Nilesh: (December 23, 2013 at 3:46 pm)
Aamir ne Dhoom Macha Diya.
Highly rated comment 24 9
yogesh: (December 23, 2013 at 3:47 pm)
Wow aamir did it again…..and what is left is post-christmas period…..which will be record breaking in overseas….best of luck to Dhoom 3 in coming days
Highly rated comment 28 5
Rahul: (December 23, 2013 at 3:47 pm)
If SRK is king of overseas, then aamir is ACE!!!
Highly rated comment 27 14
khan kapoor: (December 23, 2013 at 3:48 pm)
this is great! but let us not act like srk fans who goes abusing other fans when srk's films does well.
Highly rated comment 23 7
manish_SRK_fan: (December 23, 2013 at 3:50 pm)
congrats aamir n team dhoom-3…but hard to believe the figures…hope SRK breaks dis record wit HNY n claim d position he deserves (i feel)…dhoom brand has certainly helped for huge collections…
Popular 25 20
SAKHI: (December 23, 2013 at 3:53 pm)
NEVER…..SRK has 7 out of 10 most collected movie in Overseas……@Indicine are you mad ??? …..SRK always the KIng of Overseas……SRK IS THE KING OF BOLLLYWOOD…..SRK RULES BOLLYWOOD…….wait and watch for HAPPY NEW YEAR……..150cr+ on the cards in overseas………..
Popular 25 38
brooza: (December 23, 2013 at 3:54 pm)
Why no love for Little B? Isn't he the hero?
8 8
prince: (December 23, 2013 at 3:55 pm)
aamir khan rocks srkfans are having nightmares.
Highly rated comment 24 11
jatinder: (December 23, 2013 at 3:58 pm)
plz dont compare ce and d3.both were of different genre and released at two different times.comparison suits on clash or same genre.if want to compare two stars then see their whole career rather 2-3 film.
gud collection.hope it do 250cr+.
8 6
Rohit: (December 23, 2013 at 3:59 pm)
Aamir Khan has seriously made a point even though Dhoom is a huge franchise. 3 Idiots is the highest grossing Bollywood film in overseas market which starred Aamir in the lead role, his next film 'Talaash' (Dhobi Ghat was an art film) did well overseas, too. Now, Dhoom 3 is on the verge to become the biggest hit overseas.
So, he's seriously challenging SRK in overseas since 2009, otherwise it was Hrithik at 2nd (far behind SRK) till 2008-09 after delivering two back-to-back blockbusters in overseas market.
Although, SRK has been too consistent in overseas market, his normal hits in India have been blockbusters abroad.
Highly rated comment 25 1
Navin: (December 23, 2013 at 4:08 pm)
@sakhi rawant Stop with all the delusional thinking and brace yourself for a Happy New Year where Jinx Abhishek will be back to form opposite Thakur in the first look of HNY on 31st Dec…!
Highly rated comment 18 4
Romance New_yr: (December 23, 2013 at 4:17 pm)
Imax ticket prices help a lot to collect more in oversease, if srk play the vilen in d3 then it easily cross 100cr in weekned not forget ce is a mass apple film and dhoom is a huge franchisis n also release 850screen
Popular 17 19
TS: (December 23, 2013 at 4:18 pm)
Lol. It's not aamir who crossed srk. It's dhoom 3 which crossed srk. If aamir had so much following in overseas, why didn't talaash fare well. Srk made history with chennai express whereas aamir needs a huge franchise like dhoom to beat srk. Even if dhoom 3 beats ce, it should be considered that dhoom beat srk. Definitely not aamir!
Popular 21 17
Inamul haque: (December 23, 2013 at 4:19 pm)
Dhoom macha diya. Amir u r great
Highly rated comment 18 8
Navin: (December 23, 2013 at 4:20 pm)
Youtube King calls up his best buddy Aditya and congratulates him on a fine job with Dhoom franchise. Thakur wishes to work with YRF and super director Victor on the next installment. Aditya promises to have Victor meet Thakur on New Years Eve.
Thakur thinks quietly that finally its gonna be a Happy New Year plus theres the small irritating matter of FLOP Tees Maar Khans Director Farahs next HNY first look releasing same day also…!
Victor meets Thakur and promises to cast him in his next. Thakur is ecstatic. Victor says dont you want to read the script Sir..? No no says Thakur- I trust you completely and I have full faith in my friend Adi and YRF banner. Victor smiles and curls up his moustache…!
3 years later, Christmas 2016 arrives and at YRF Studios at a press gathering, Victor proudly beams to the world that heres the next installment of his super successful franchise… Victor standing on 1 side and Thakur on otherside pull down the cover to unveil the poster… Theres gasps everywhere and complete shock, Thakur faints, Aditya back home watching TV pulls out his hair, There in Big Bold Letters are words that send a shiver down every cinelovers spine- TASHAN 2….! :-P
Popular 17 10
SS: (December 23, 2013 at 4:20 pm)
Its 'DHOOM' power not amir khan
Popular 21 21
TS: (December 23, 2013 at 4:21 pm)
Aamirs dominance in overseas or indian box office will be accepted by me only if he manages to put up equally good number for his next film pk. Otherwise, sorry ppl. It was dhoom factor. Not aamir khan! Even if a new actor is cast in dhoom 3 ppl will go to see the film. Nothing great!!
Popular 10 20
JC: (December 23, 2013 at 4:22 pm)
@Rohit, yes, you are right, srk was pretty good overseas, and today too his fanbase is unrivalled abroad. However, in India it is completely opposite. His star power has waned since, say, after 2005, and since 2008, Salman is the unrivalled superstar.
Aamir cannot be called a star or superstar, because he is much above anyone.
While Salman has sheer star power, Aamir can work magic with ridiculously simple scripts like TZP and Peepli Live and turn it in to a winner. I would say, take any star in Talaash, and it would have bombed at the BO, but he managed to collect near to 100 cr, that too without any big promotions etc.,
I guess that is more commendable, but then he had to do that, as in his own words, he doesn't have the star pull of Salman, and hence he decided to work his way.
He made his shortcomings in to his biggest assets, and now people associate him with a difference. They look upon his movie as something hatke. They go looking for a completely different take on things and expectations are huge.
He has balanced the commercial and artistic angle of movie very well.
If we see the list of movies, they are not just blockbuster, but path-breaking that would stand the test of times -- Lagaan, Dil Chhahta Hain, TZP, RDB, 3 idiots -- all will be etched in our memory forever.
A director like Ashutosh Gowariker is best remembered for Lagaan, and he has since went in to oblivion, until ofcourse he made news for all wrong things in an award function.
Aamir gets in to the crux of the character and it stays in audience's memory forever.
A big salute to this revolutionary actor of bollywood.
Popular 20 12
Navin: (December 23, 2013 at 4:25 pm)
The moral of the story is be careful for what you wish for…!
The Jinx that is Abhishek was the HERO of Dhoom 3 and hes also the HERO of Happy New Year… Somehow I doubt very much that lightning will strike twice at the same spot- Abhishek will revert back to his old self and deliver another flop in Farahs next…!
12 9
SS: (December 23, 2013 at 4:27 pm)
Its combination of amir & 'DHOOM' power not only amir khan, if any A-grade hero play lead roll then definately achieve a blockbuster. DHOOM is undoubtly the biggest franchies of bollywood.
15 9
sasa: (December 23, 2013 at 4:37 pm)
@TS No one needs any sort of validation from you. 3 Idiots is sitting right at the top.
Highly rated comment 15 4


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County Judge Chad Adams stepping down
WAXAHACHIE – Ellis County Judge Chad Adams announced during Monday morning's regularly-scheduled meeting of the Commissioners' Court he is resigning his office to enter the private sector effective April 1, 2009.
"I wanted to give you a heads-up to work toward a replacement of a person for this office," Adams said.
"I have enjoyed my time. We've made a lot of progress. I wish I could say it was a masterful plan on my part, but there's no way."
Adams expressed his faith in God's guidance throughout his 10 years of service to the county.
"The good Lord used the personalities of employees and on the court and we have made good decisions," he said. "One of the things we have accomplished is an enhanced relationship with the people."
On hand to support Adams in his announcement was his wife, Gina and their youngest daughter, Amalia.
Adams was first elected to the office of Justice of the Peace for Precinct 4, where he served from 1999 through 2002.
He was sworn in as County Judge on Jan. 1, 2003. Adams is grateful, he said, for the confidence that the voters placed in him, particularly by allowing him a second term as their county judge.
"I love serving the people of Ellis County," Adams said.
"Ellis County has been my passion. It is the best place in the State of Texas to raise a family. We have taken our county government to a new level of teamwork and professionalism, and I am proud of what we have accomplished.
"The financial integrity of the county is now strong. We have seen our credit rating soar from A1 to Aa3 (Moody's). While it is hard to leave office, I look forward to accepting a new challenge."
A regional and statewide leader, Adams sought balanced solutions for transportation and air quality issues.
He now resigns as the immediate past President of the North Central Texas Council of Governments Executive Board, co-chair of the Conference of Urban Counties Texas Clean Air Working Group and chair of the Dallas Regional Mobility Coalition.
He served on many other state and regional boards throughout the last six years.
Adams has been an ex-officio member of the Board of Directors of the Midlothian and Waxahachie Chambers of Commerce, and is a graduate of Leadership Midlothian.
He lives in Midlothian with his wife and four daughters, where they are active members of Midlothian Bible Church.
Adams holds a Bachelor of Business Administration from the University of Texas at Arlington.
Adams will be joining Victron Energy, Inc., formerly H & H Oil, in Waxahachie.
"Victron is an outstanding company that contributes a great deal to Ellis County," he said.
"I am proud to be associated with Victron and look forward to continuing my relationship with the Ellis County business community."
Victron Energy's recent name change came as a result of their proactive move toward the upcoming alternative fuel market.
Victron is one of the largest U.S. distributors of Shell and Exxon fuels. It distributes whole petroleum products such as diesel fuel and gasoline.
Victron's other subsidiaries build restaurants, quality stores, shopping centers and retail sites throughout the region.
Victron's owner, Ali Sharaf, said Adams will be joining as a vice president.
"I am looking forward to Chad's bringing to Victron the leadership skills that he has displayed with Ellis County," Sharaf said.
"Together we will grow this company to a new level."
The judge's last day in office will be April 1, 2009. The members of the Commissioners' Court will then be called upon to appoint a successor to fill the remainder of his term.
The post is up for election in November, 2010.
Commissioner Ron Brown, pct. 4, brought levity to the somber announcement.
"Judge, this is important," he said.
"Could you give me a discount on gas?"
Brown went on to thank the judge for his service.
"It's been good and bad, but we were able to work through it – that's the key."
Adams asked the Court to proclaim the month of March 2009 as Meals on Wheels Awareness Month in Ellis County. On hand to receive the proclamation were Meals on Wheels board members Charlie Morton and Marion Reynolds as well as Development Director Lisa Hicks.
Brown received the Court's approval of a proclamation recognizing World Kidney Day, to be read at an upcoming Kidney Society event.
In other business, Commissioners:
• Appointed Bruce Moore to the Ferris ESD #5 and Sadie Tellez to the Avalon ESD #8;
• Approved an interlocal agreement with the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) for use of grant funds in the Regional Smoking Vehicle Program initiatives;
• Approved a contract with the Waxahachie Civic Center for the Employee Appreciation Dinner on Dec. 4;
• Authorized the Emergency Management Coordinator to seek grant funding and make application for grants to make necessary improvements to the County's communications networks;
• Awarded the bid for purchase of ready mixed concrete to County Concrete;
• Rejected the existing open bids from Cleveland Asphalt and Ergon for emulsified asphalt and rebid allowing primary and secondary contract to be placed;
• Authorized installation of two stop signs on South Westmoreland at the intersection with Lariat Circle;
• Adjourned for a short executive session, taking no action after reconvening.
For more information, contact Diana Buckley, Ellis County Human Services, 972-825-5087


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Glazed grain leather shoulder satchel with crinkle trim and buckle details. Dual shoulder straps and top zip closure. Shoulder drop 7". Platform bottom with four protective metal feet. Interior canvas lining. Inside back zip pocket, patch pocket, and metal embossed logo. 14W x 5¾"D x 10¾"H.
Material: Leather
Brand: Bally
Origin: Italy
The name Bally has been synonymous with venerable Swiss shoemaking since brothers Carl Franz and Fritz Bally established their iconic company in 1851. Exceptional quality is one of Bally's key principles, as exemplified by its iconic Scribe shoe: a handcrafted men's oxford with a 200-step production process. Footwear isn't Bally's only bag: Its collections of refined ready-to-wear clothing and luxurious accessories have helped put it on the apparel map as well. Since taking over Bally's menswear and womenswear lines in 2010, creative directors Graeme Fidler and Michael Herz have imbued the apparel brand with what Herz calls "a contemporary heritage" — a blend of modernism and classic design. Bally's chic, vintage-inspired belts, gloves, hats and travel bags — not to mention those delicious shoes and boots — top off your outfits with timeless glamour.


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I have a friend who is in Kansas and she and her husband have a small little herd of five alpacas. She says she has some of last and this year's sheering.
Hey people. Not posted anything in a long time, and wanted to say hi to all my fellow knitters here in the UK and accross the pond!!
Just wanted to share a quick project I completed for a baby shower. I'm sure the mommy to be will love these. I used this great blue sky alpaca/silk yarn and some silky merino. I know it's not a yarn usually used for babies but it was so soft and lovely I just had to use it.
Here's something I've been working on. I have been spinning a lot lately, having received from a friend one fleece that she didn't want, and part of another from a local spinner. I've been having a lot of fun pulling out locks and spinning a very fine worsted yarn. Not sure yet what I will do with it, but there is still time!
just saw that dave fougner's 'the manly art of knitting' is being reprinted by adbusters, after being out of print for decades. originally released in 1975 it's a hit-or-miss for actual technique and usable patterns, but total hit for the kitsch factor...
what do you knit when you don't wear many winter clothes, and neither do most of your family/friends... and you don't have many kids in your life, so knitting toys seems like a waste... and you're a self-admitted sour sally when it comes to mug cozies, jewelry, animal clothing, things without actual purpose, and anything too femme or religiousy.
Here's the finished product
I just finished a very easy two-row pattern prayer shawl. It has taken MONTHS to finish due to a busy work schedule and numerous involuntary froggings. My toddler grand-daughter's feet got caught in the yarn, and as she merrily ran around the living room, I watched about a foot of fabric disappear. That happened twice. I'll be happy to move this one on to church.
Not that much, knitting-wise. I've been working on a few projects that have stretched out for a few months. I recently saw the "Hibernation" category on Ravelry projects page and thought it appropriate.


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Hey peps,
Just a quick one im in need of some door handles/pulls as all four of mine have broken there plastic thingys :S, ive got a sierra 1992 hatchback im assuming they are all a fairly the same and in a light grey colour, ive had a look on ebay and searched the web but can't find anything, do any of you know where i can go?? and ive thought about a scrap yard but i cant get to my local one atm and dont think i could bare looking at a little ford getting scrapped .. Also i have uploaded a picture of what i need front n rear..
Thanks for reading hope i get some replies
Door Handles
Started by jazzysierra92, May 09 2012 11:53 PMdoor handles
1 reply to this topic
Posted 09 May 2012 - 11:53 PM
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Posted 03 July 2012 - 12:20 AM
Search online for Sierra shack near selby. He has everything and will post. Sorry I've not got his number any more.
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Register now, we have a huge community of enthusiasts to answer any questions you might have
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Game description: Angry Panda (Christmas and New Year Special)
In the jungles of ancient China there lived a mysterious master of military arts. Before death, he gave a roll of "the Fighter of the Dragon" to Panda, his favorite student and successor. But nobody was ready to recognize Panda as a master. When the master died, all his students, from the most furious to the most moderate rose against their New fighter of Dragons. They created dangerous traps. The angry Panda had only two ways, to save life and to escape from the jungle or to fight. Help him in this hard way!
Download game Angry Panda (Christmas and New Year Special) for free:
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Results tagged "magic breakfast"
Schoolchildren in Tower Hamlets enjoyed a plate of tasty pancakes to start the day as part of a charity initiative.
A Canary Wharf lawyer who also volunteers at a charity offering free, healthy breakfasts to thousands of schoolchildren will be carrying the Olympic flame next week.
Alan Mak, who works at Upper Bank Street-based Clifford Chance, will be running with the torch near his home town of York.


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Sympathy strike...would you do it?? - page 2
I belong to a very strong union who is very opinionated. I don't always agree with their stance on things. There is another union who is striking for possible benefit take-aways...I don't know the true details of what is being... Read More
- 2Aug 31, '11 by not.done.yet GuideNo, I personally would not do it.
- 11Aug 31, '11 by GrnTea, BSN, MSN, RN"keep in mind that the pilgrims weren't team players. the nazis were."
godwin aside, as a bona fide pilgrim descendent who lives within half an hour's drive of the ancestral homeland and its churchyards where they rest up to my grandparents and father, i can tell you that the pilgrims, while they didn't want to play ball with the english monarchy of their day, were definitely not free spirits, and definitely did not encourage, umm, creativity in religious or social expression. they were not here for religious liberty, except their own. i'm not knocking them, they did what they had to do, and i am in awe of how they made a life here whenever the winter rolls in, but they don't have anything to do with this discussion.
- 7Aug 31, '11 by heronQuote from caroladybelleIt may follow Godwin's Law, but in this case it's legit ... and that's not trivializng the Holocaust in any way.Only a post or two in and someone kicks in the Godwin's law effect.
I believe that there is more than a bit of difference between Nazi genocide and a sympathy strike. I suspect that the families of the 9 million murdered would agree.
The companies looking to cut costs on the backs of their workers depend on us having the attitude "I've got mine ... you're on your own". It's called divide and conquer.
I know that my bargaining unit, years ago, was only allowed to represent RNs. LPNs, CNA's and dietary workers and housekeepers were in a different union. Our contract ran out just before election day (I worked in a state hospital) and theirs expired just after. Funny how it happened that in election years, our contract sailed through, no problem. Meanwhile, magically, money got so tight - just 2 months later - that they just HAD to have give-backs. These were men and women who worked beside me every day, without whom I couldn't do my job. I wouldn't be able to look at myself in a mirror if I had crossed their picket lines.
Having said that, the issue is not black and white ... the fact that the OP doesn't trust the information coming from her union speaks volumes about the politics of the situation. There's a balance that needs to be maintained between self-interest and support for co-workers and none of us can make that decision for the OP.
My only suggestion is, first, to read your own contract to see if the issue is addressed there. Secondly, double check the union's info with the state or federal labor board. The biggest question is whether workers striking in sympathy have the same protections against retaliation as the workers directly involved. Finally, there's a judgement call balancing your own financial responsibilities and employment against the politics of angering management, who will find a way to get back at you if at all possible.Last edit by heron on Aug 31, '11
- 6Aug 31, '11 by xtxrnQuote from caroladybelleonly a post or two in and someone kicks in the godwin's law effect.
i believe that there is more than a bit of difference between nazi genocide and a sympathy strike. i suspect that the families of the 9 million murdered would agree.
thank you
- 2Aug 31, '11 by tyvinWell ... I've always been a member of a union. I would go to work if scheduled and strike with them if off. In the end you need to cover your own back. The unions are getting a bad rap right now and soon, when there are none, we shall all grieve together in the bread lines ... but at least we'll be together.
- 1Aug 31, '11 by FutterwackenMy intent was not to trivialize anything or anyone- I apologize if it was perceived that way. But let's not lose focus here; if the other place doesn't succeed... your 'ideal work place' won't be so for much longer.
- 2Aug 31, '11 by Katie5Only if you pay my bills!
- 0Aug 31, '11 by OCNRN63Quote from dthfytrAnd look how the Nazis turned out in the end. Or did WWII end differently from what I was taught?Those scheduled for work should work, the others can picket with the other union. The problem with organisations is they put their own survival ahead of that of thier members.
Keep in mind that The Pilgrims weren't team players. The Nazis were.
I'm not sure I understand your example.
OP, you're east of the rock and west of the hard place. I'm not sure what I would do.
- 1Aug 31, '11 by linearthinkerAbsolutely not. Never. Unconscionable.
Disclaimer: I would never belong to or support a union of any kind.
- 1Aug 31, '11 by dthfytrMy Pilgrim/Nazi reference was to encourage individual thought. Overall I'm pro-union, but have been talked to by union reps for doing a job too well, making it difficult for other dues paying union members. The OP was looking for suggestion and opinions and I gave him the best I could offer. Had no intention of offending anybody.


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StockCap offers a variety of masking products to protect parts during finishing processes, including vinyl, polyethylene, silicone and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) caps and plugs that can withstand varying temperatures.
EPDM provides strong chemical resistance for masking applications, and silicone enables multiple passes because the powder easily cracks off. Vinyl is the most cost-effective material, the company says.
StockCap also offers crepe, polyester and vinyl tapes, which fit over odd shapes.
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On the Sets of Qubool Hai
Added on 5/25/2013
By : tellybuzz
Overall Rating :
Rate Me... Rating Saved!
View : 36657 Comments : 165 Video Courtesy : www.india-forums.com
qubool hai rocks and specialy Surbhi jyoti you are an amazing actress
qubool hai rocks and specialy Surbhi jyoti you are an amazing actress
Aaj dekhi video shukar hai Tanveer ka pardafash ab toh hone wala hai
qubool hai is going outstanding!!!!!!!!!!!
Love u Surbhi Jyoti and Karan Singh Grover!!!!!
Love Qubool Hai. Karan Singh Grover and Surbhi Jyoti are the best!
qubool hai rocks love you ksg and sj
Love you Surbi Jyoti!! HPpy birthday! Surbi jyoti and karan singh grover rock! Cant wait for zoe to out tanveer!
Love Qubool Hai, Karan Singh Grover and Surbhi Jyoti
Love KSG and SJ..
Detective Zoya Back on Duty.
Love AsYa and QH.
Wassup TV - Episode 139 Friendship Day ...
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Sometimes Physiotherapy for patients with fibromyalgia may be uncomfortable or painful. However, the therapist has specific treatments available that can help minimize pain. As muscles are stretched and exercised, it is only natural to experience some soreness. As therapy progresses, the range of motion and strength increases, and soreness diminishes. In general, fibromyalgia patients feel better following therapy, and look forward to the next session.
The amount of time needed for a session depends on the type of therapy involved. For example, it may take one patient longer to complete their therapeutic exercises than another. Also, as a patient makes progress, their treatment plan is modified accordingly.
Physiotherapy is a treatment and profession which focuses on the Muscular, Joint, Skeletal and Neurological Systems. All of the units are the basis of all our body movements. Sometimes these units are affected by trauma, infection, disease, and/or surgery. Physiotherapy treatment can be significant in helping fibromyalgia patients move towards recovery. Therapists utilize many different forms of treatment including various types of exercise and modalities including heat, cold packs, ultrasound, electrical stimulation, etc.
Physical Therapists are trained professionals, finding the right one is essential. Just as one would not go to a Dermatologist for a broken leg, or a surgeon for a skin rash, being treated by the right type of Physiotherapist is important. Also, if a certain medication is not working or causing problems, it makes no sense to continue it. Likewise, if therapy treatments are causing problems or not helping, something needs to be changed. The Fibromyalgia sufferer has the right and responsibility to have their condition diagnosed and treated properly and it is also important for the therapist to be specialized in Musculoskeletal and Neurological Systems to render the best treatment.
Physiotherapists are trained professionals who treat patients suffering from a disabling injury or disease. PT is a prevalent form of treatment in the USA. Some other areas of treatment include: multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, accident or stroke victims, heart disease, amputation, fractures, arthritis, and other diseases. Physiotherapists work closely with the physician to outline a rehabilitation plan for each individual situation. The treatment program will help restore functional mobility, relieve pain, as well as limit and prevent any further debilitating injury. A variety of different therapeutic equipment and procedures may be used during treatment. Other specialists may also be consulted. The ultimate goal of all involved is to administer the proper treatment to a patient so they may progress.
Many different types of treatment are used in Physiotherapy for Fibromyalgia. Generally, physiotherapists employ exercise to achieve the results they have set. Patients are taught specific exercises which they can do by themselves. However, some exercises require the assistance of the therapist. Some exercises will use equipment such as stationary bicycles, treadmills, light weights, and parallel bars. This equipment is generally used when the patient must re-learn a specific movement, function or build up muscle weakness commonly seen in Fibromyalgia patients.
Massages, whirlpool baths, heat treatments, and ice packs are often supplemented during exercise to decrease pain from muscle spasm and swelling. Low electrical currents are used to help stimulate a paralyzed or weakened muscle. The Physiotherapist can determine the best treatment for the fibromyalgia patient.


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A "Glorious Fourth" celebration begins 8 a.m. Thursday at the Old Depot Museum, 135 W. Tecumseh St., Ottawa, with a reading of the Declaration of Independence, group singing of patriotic songs and, just like in olden times, a territorial breakfast of apple-stack cakes with syrup, sausage, coffee and cider. The event is courtesy of the Franklin County Historical Society.
The city of Ottawa's annual fireworks extravaganza at dusk is preceded by an 8 p.m. City Band concert at the base of the river levee near the Ottawa City Pool at Forest Park, 320 N. Locust St. The 51-member, 115-year old City Band has been entertaining crowds for more than a century, and the foot-tapping tunes just keep putting smiles on people's faces. This year's patriotic Independence program promises more of the same. All of this fun and entertainment is free courtesy of the many volunteer musicians who give for the love of music and community spirit. (The City Band concert series winds down 7:30 p.m. July 9 at City Park, Fifth and Main streets, Ottawa.)
This week's fun doesn't end on Thursday. The Suzuki Strings concert series concludes at 7 p.m. Friday at Ottawa University's Fredrikson Chapel, 1011 S. Cedar St. The free concert features some of the best of the best with Brian Lewis' Young Artist Program of young soloists playing alongside the Ottawa Chamber Symphony. The concert is indoors so the music can be enjoyed in air-conditioned comfort. The concerts are a pleasure to spectators' ears, but it is great to see how rewarding the experiences are to students, too.
These cultural events only exist with the ongoing support of local community members. If we don't support them, such events and the indirect amenities they offer could go away. In the case of Ottawa's Suzuki Strings, the program could relocate to a larger community with a larger potential audience base.
It's up to each of us to demonstrate that these events and organizations matter and represent a portion of our own "Life, Liberty and Pursuit of Happiness." Attend and do your part to provide the encouragement organizers need to keep pushing forward for the next century and beyond.
— Jeanny Sharp,


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Daily entries from the 17th century London diary
"Custard is a range of [ cooked culinary ] preparations based on milk and eggs. Most commonly, custard refers to a dessert or dessert sauce, but custard bases are also used for quiches and other savoury foods. As a dessert, it is made from a combination of milk or cream, egg yolks, sugar, and vanilla. Sometimes flour, corn starch, or gelatin are also added."
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Landscaping services by a professional team , that gets the job done correctly the first time.
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Cost of hiring landscapers in Tucson may vary depending on several factors. Get free estimates from landscapers servicing Tucson.
Drip irrigation repair needed ASAP and possible monthly maintenance - trying to find a professional, ethical and affordable (!) worker who won't lie and rip us off like we have to deal with up to this point. We're nice people but fed up with getting lied to and ripped off. Can you help us?
need to no what im looking at for a price


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Wednesday, February 29, 2012
Leon Winger, WSDOT project engineer, 360-905-1500 (Vancouver) Heidi Sause, WSDOT communications, 360-905-2057 (Vancouver)
Nighttime bridge construction closes intersection March 5-6VANCOUVER – Drivers on State Route 500 and St. Johns Boulevard will see closures next week as crews burn the midnight oil placing bridge girders that will help open the heavily traveled highway corridor to free-flowing traffic in 2013. Crews working with the Washington State Department of Transportation will close SR 500 and St. Johns Boulevard at 7:30 p.m. Monday, March 5, and Tuesday, March 6, while they lift 14 concrete girders into place above SR 500. Both directions of St. Johns Boulevard and the westbound lanes of SR 500 will reopen by 5:30 a.m. The eastbound lanes of SR 500 will reopen by 7 a.m. The installation work itself is significant – each girder measures 120 feet long and weighs more than 50 tons – but the end result is a keystone piece of a $48 million project that builds a new interchange at SR 500 and St. Johns Boulevard. "Drivers will be able to see the new bridge taking shape," said WSDOT Project Engineer Leon Winger. "These two nights of closures set the stage for a future with free-flowing traffic on SR 500." Girder installation will close SR 500 between Interstate 5 and Falk Road, and St. Johns Boulevard between East 33rd Street and Northeast Petticoat Lane. Drivers can follow signed detour routes to navigate around the closures, and crews will maintain local access to residences and businesses throughout the work. "Drivers won't be on their own," Winger said. "We will have flaggers out on the roads, and detour signs marking every turn along the different routes." The SR 500, St. Johns Blvd Interchange project replaces the current traffic signal with freeway ramps and a new bridge to carry St. Johns Boulevard traffic up and over the highway. The girder setting marks one of the major construction milestones for this project, which started in May 2011 and is on schedule for completion in 2013.When complete, the new interchange will reduce the number of rear-end collisions and improve traffic flow for 60,000 daily drivers. Drivers can follow the project's progress by signing up online to receive email updates, or viewing project photos on Flickr.
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Fire tears through Adams County turkey barn
Updated On: Dec 14 2012 10:04:41 AM EST
Firefighters battled a turkey barn fire Thursday night in Butler Township, Adams County.
Witnesses said flames tore through the building along Tavern Road in a matter of minutes.
Fire crews from Maryland were called to the scene.
Photos of the fire were shared on u local. Click through the slideshow below to see them.
Copyright 2012 by WGAL All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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» News
Put down your gun or I'm calling the zoning board!
Disgusting. First Lance, now Manti Te'o. Does everyone have lie to us now days?
Yes, apparently so. In addition to Lance lying about not doping it seems that Manti hoaxed us about his dead girlfriend. Apparently she never actually existed; she was a composite. Seriously, who would do that?
I predict a future in politics for that boy…Manti, I mean. (is that racist?).
Butt enough of that, we have bigger catfish to fry. Did you watch BO's lecture on guns yesterday?
» 9 Comments
this photo is just ridiculous, I mean, seriously : his HEAD IS WAY TO BIG.+1
it's between human and south-park+2
If only the LSM covered Benghazi or Fast and Furious the same way they've covered the Manti story……+4
our "representation" is on steroids, & the LSM is focusing on Armstrong & this clown. my aching azz…+1
The lying Hawaiians+1
Lady looks like a dude.+3
…but, but the head is soooo big, lol — I can't believe this.0
I get it…she is the "composite" (make believe) girlfriend!
So, this Manti guy will end up having his career destroyed because he made up a ficticious girlfriend but Oliar gets rewarded for being "creative".+3
Dagney, No dude, the shoulder and the chest just make his pin head look big.+1


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Zenimax devs take on another round of community quests aimed at the recent gameplay demo for The Elder Scrolls Online at QuakeCon.
TESO Lead Gameplay Designer Nick Konkle serves up more details on mounts, crafting, ruling as emperor, and more from QuakeCon 2013.
Get primed for next year's launch of The Elder Scrolls Online with Bethesda's collection of the classics this September on PC.
Watch new gameplay for The Elder Scrolls Online during a livestream event from QuakeCon this afternoon.
The Elder Scrolls Online team's latest collection of questions from the community takes on concerns about roleplaying, server restrictions and privacy.
Zenimax posts a new "Creating ESO" update to showcase the creation of The Elder Scrolls Online's mischievous little scamp.
Zenimax devs field community questions on the dungeons and combat encounters in The Elder Scrolls Online.
Check your emails. Zenimax has shipped out another batch of beta keys for The Elder Scrolls Online.
Zenimax shows off the creation process for The Elder Scrolls Online's insectoid-like kwama and dispatches another batch of beta invites.
Zenimax discusses group roles and monsters in TESO's dungeons and calls for player submitted questions in the next "Ask Us Anything" feature.
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Gates have closed and the sun's setting on another superb Bristol Show. The weather behaved throughout the weekend and the biking community and enthusiasts flocked to Shepton Mallet as a result...
The disappointment of Sammy Miller missing the Sunday through illness was compensated for in so many other ways, with on stage interviews with trophy winners and many bike video reviews being filmed. We'll roll these out on Classic Bikers Club as soon as they're ready.
Best in Show and well deserved winner was Rodney Hann's stunning 1925 546cc Husqvarna 180. But the standard of exhibits was very high, and the bar is continually being raised, making the task of judging all the more difficult.
Memorable Bristol links
► Full winners list
► Bristol Saturday video
► Bristol teaser video
► Bristol image galleries
► Norton Domiracer with Chris Hawksley
Our next show is the 33rd Carole Nash International Classic MotorCycle Show at the fabulous Stafford County Showground on the weekend of April 27-28. We hope to see you there.
Future shows in 2013
► The 33rd Carole Nash International Classic MotorCycle Show, Apr 27-28
► The Carole Nash Great Scottish Bike Show, May 11-12
► The Carole Nash Newark Bike Bonanza, June 22-23
► The 20th Carole Nash Eurojumble, September 6-7
► The 20th Carole Nash Classic Motorcycle Mechanics Show, Oct 19-20
Where legends come to life
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With roots that stretch back to 1903 and a motorcycling archive without equal, The Classic MotorCycle has more to offer the true vintage motorcycle enthusiast than any other publication.
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Don't Forget All the Atypical Christmas Films This Holiday Season
A Christmas Story? It's a Wonderful Life? Miracle of on 34th street? C'mon, we can do better than that. »
A Christmas Story? It's a Wonderful Life? Miracle of on 34th street? C'mon, we can do better than that. » 12/21/14 9:00pm Yesterday 9:00pm
Every year around this time, I read every music websites "Top 50 Albums of the Year" lists. It's sort of a ritual at this point. I do my best to keep up with albums from artists in all genres, but inevitably something will slip past me. » 12/21/14 8:00pm Yesterday 8:00pm
You know that nifty little feature on the Nexus 5 and other Android handsets that let's you voice summon Ok Google from any screen? Well, according to Google's François Beaufort, you'll soon be able to do just that on your Chromebook as well. » 12/21/14 7:00pm Yesterday 7:00pm
It is considered one of the best jobs in the USAF, and you sure can't beat the office view. America's cadre of KC-135 and KC-10 'Booms,' the guys and gals that refuel allied military aircraft while hurtling through the atmosphere, are a proud and talented bunch, and one of them is just as skilled behind a camera as… » 12/21/14 6:45pm Yesterday 6:45pm
Hello all you lovers of smartphone apps and happy holidays. Many of us are ready to travel to relatives abroad or even wait out Christmas alone. Whatever the circumstance, if you have a smartphone—presents came early. We have great apps this week including ways to give your Lumia smartphone touchless superpowers and… » 12/21/14 6:00pm Yesterday 6:00pm
You can approach this puzzle from two very different angles. Which will you choose? » 12/21/14 5:50pm Yesterday 5:50pm
The single greatest way smartphones have enhanced my life over the past decade is that I always have something to do. Whether stuck at the doctor's office for hours, waiting for a train that's habitually late, or just standing in line for coffee, your smartphone gives you something to do at the very least. But that… » 12/21/14 5:00pm Yesterday 5:00pm
Welcome to Reading List, a collection of some of the best digital reads in technology and science. We have stories that take a deep dive into Amazon's ebook empire, a perplexing survey into NASA's $349 million abandoned test tower, an investigation into how online media works through the eyes of one ambitious startup,… » 12/21/14 4:00pm Yesterday 4:00pm
Nothing embodies the holiday spirit quite like building a giant slingshot that can fire shaved Christmas trees equipped with a nine-inch nail. » 12/21/14 3:00pm Yesterday 3:00pm
In May 2013, Google announced new photo features for Google+ including "auto-backup," "auto enhance," and something perplexingly called "auto awesome." Now, the Google + team is extending some of these abilities to your videos as well. » 12/21/14 2:00pm Yesterday 2:00pm
Technology is a great gift to give for the holidays. It can provide hours, and days, and weeks, of entertainment and even help inspire kids for a lifetime. » 12/21/14 1:00pm Yesterday 1:00pmDo you have some wonderful holiday tech memories? Share them below, and Happy Holidays!
Every day, the Sony Pictures hack gets weirder and weirder. » 12/21/14 12:00pm Yesterday 12:00pm
YouTube channel Network A is a lover of all things X Games—snowboarding, skateboarding, BMX, you name it. For their video series Every Third Thursday, Signal Snowboards, known for cool and atypical board designs, created the first open source programmable snowboard that can change music depending on the snowboarder's… » 12/21/14 11:00am Yesterday 11:00am
This once-a-year SONOS promotion expires on December 27, but if you want some new speakers in time for Christmas, here's a friendly reminder to order soon. Check out the post below for all the details. [Amazon] » 12/21/14 10:41am Yesterday 10:41am
In October this year, a case came under legal scrutiny when a DEA agent created a fake Facebook account of Sondra Prince, even using photos of her and her young son and niece to create the digital forgery. Facebook denounced the action as a serious breach of its terms and policies. But Instagram, it seems, is a… » 12/21/14 10:00am Yesterday 10:00am
The Sony hack is now more confusing that ever. The FBI says that North Korea is involved, yet the country denies involvement and is asking for a joint investigation into the matter. The whole situation has devolved into a game of "he said/she said," and there's only one person who can help set it all straight—Dr.… » 12/21/14 9:00am Yesterday 9:00am
Adam Buxton recorded a conversation with his 5-year-old daughter discussing her thoughts on Princess Leia's famous slave outfit. She is hilarious by herself but when he got The Brothers McLeod to animate her words, it all turned into pure comedic gold. One of the cutest things I've watched this year. » 12/21/14 1:42am Yesterday 1:42am
Remember Freaks and Geeks, the short-lived teen comedy produced by Judd Apatow before you knew who Judd Apatow was? The show starred Seth Rogen and James Franco some 15 years before the pair would help spark the international cyber-clusterfuck we know as the Sony Hacks. Forget about the hackers and just watch the show. » 12/20/14 7:00pm Saturday 7:00pm
"Take Me to Church," the worldwide hit by Hozier, sounds like it's about religion, but it's not—not exactly. The song also sounds kind of haunting, but it's not—exactly. As Hozier told New York Magazine earlier this year, the song is about sex and humanity. The church part is just a metaphor. » 12/20/14 6:00pm Saturday 6:00pm
Well, this is a weird twist. Just hours after we learned that North Korea wanted to work with the United States on a joint investigation into the Sony Pictures hack, The New York Times is reporting that the U.S. now wants China's help in stopping North Korean hackers. Apparently, U.S. officials want to unleash the… » 12/20/14 4:14pm Saturday 4:14pm
DreamHost is offering Gizmodo readers web hosting and a domain name for just $2.95 a month, 67% off the regular price, on annual plans. Build your ideal site from the ground up and get all the key features to keep things running smooth and efficiently for just $35 annually. » 12/20/14 3:00pm Saturday 3:00pm
Have you heard? It's fall. Even if you've outgrown new notebooks, textbooks, and a first day of school outfit, you may feel an urge to get organized in time for chillier weather. Whether it's fall cleaning or that DIY project you didn't get to this summer, getting situated in a new season isn't always cheap. So we're… » 9/17/14 3:59pm 9/17/14 3:59pm
Any NYC resident knows how necessary it is to make sacrifices when apartment hunting. A potential home may be a twenty-minute hike from the nearest subway station and lack any storage space, but those drawbacks are easily overshadowed by original hardwood floors or vaulted ceilings. But for Angie Venezia and Reed… » 12/19/14 11:59am Friday 11:59am
Regardless of advances in technology and the beginning of a smart watch movement, a sure-fire time-piece is, well, timeless. And the designers over at Form Function Form have made that abundantly clear, pairing the Timex Weekender watch face with a handmade, Horween leather wristband. Gizmodo readers can grab this… » 12/18/14 10:40am Thursday 10:40am
As the Sony hack has shown us, you simply can't take security online for granted. These bundles, covering White Hat Hacker Techniques and Cyber Security Development, are curated to guide you through the basics of cyber security – from network security to hacking techniques. » 12/19/14 5:03pm Friday 5:03pm


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About Me:
I am a High School Student who creates visual designs and music. I love to create these things, and I love to share my work. My goal is to have a design business in a major city one day. I am tech savvy, and can use many programs. I mostly use the Adobe Suite for Design, FL Studio for music production, and Traktor for Mixing. I also play the drums, and guitar. I volunteer and work, as to get a taste of what the outside working world feels like. I run track for school, and love to stay in shape.


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KeePass 2.28Date added: October, 8th 2014 - Open Source
Latest Version:
KeePass 2.28
Windows (All Versions)
User Rating:Click to vote
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KeePass is an open source and free password manager which will eliminate the need of you remembering or writing down all email, forum, website, ICQ, Skype, Facebook, or other passwords, which is exceedingly harder job now that majority of online services are requiring registration. This program will securely store your usernames and passwords and let you retrieve them when needed. It uses the AES and Twofish algorithms, which means that all your data is safely encrypted.
First version of KeePass was released to the public by the developer DOmonik Reichl in November of 2003, with a goal to become the most popular and versatile cross-platform application for managing everything related to passwords. Today, after more than 10 years of development KeePass allows its users to manage all their passwords with ease. They can be listed individually, gathered in groups, subgroups, and even in full-on tree-like organization, which is perfect for users who are managing business or have a really large work-related password needs. Furthermore, app supports useful features such as auto-type, drag & drop, global hotkeys for pasting of passwords, multi-user support, import and export of password data, integrated supports for browsers (automatic filling of user info in Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer), password generator and expandability with 3rd party plugins.
KeePass is really free, and more than that: it is open source (OSI certified). You can have a look at its full source and check whether the encryption algorithms are implemented correctly.
KeePass Features:
- Strong Security
- Multiple User Keys
- Portable and No Installation Required
- Export To TXT, HTML, XML and CSV Files
- Import From Many File Formats
- Easy Database Transfer
- Support of Password Groups
- Time Fields and Entry Attachments
- Auto-Type, Global Auto-Type Hot Key and Drag&Drop
- Intuitive and Secure Clipboard Handling
- Searching and Sorting
- Multi-Language Support
- Strong Random Password Generator
- Plugin Architecture
- Open Source!


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The Time Joe Biden Stole Jessica Biel Away From Justin Timberlake Forever
They met at the Time 100 party last night.
Skip to content, or skip to search.
Skip to content, or skip to search.
They met at the Time 100 party last night.
This is good for everyone.
Just another amenity that comes with living in an apartment building in Chelsea.
"This is not acting, it's pretending."
And more celebrity trivia, in today's gossip roundup.
"I smoke, so what? It's not like I'm sitting there going, 'Kids, you should go buy a pack of cigarettes.'"
She's so sad about Alexander McQueen's death, she will only wear black onstage in London.
So sayeth modern poet John Mayer.
See? They're not broken up! This is definite proof.
The question on everybody's mind today.
Maybe those new illicit Tiger Woods camera-phone pics will do the trick?
Yes, it does appear to be the type of person who doesn't know about TMZ.
She's opening up a girls' school in Africa.
Ones that aren't sleeping together, we mean.
She used to dress up as one. That's it.
The tabloids say they are OVER. How did we get here? A look back.
Press releases be damned!
He reportedly said she is not a serious actress. And more celebrity feuds, in our daily gossip roundup.
The Yankee slugger has been squiring Kate Hudson around town. That, and all the rest of today's gossip.
The starlet went backstage at 'Shrek: The Musical' to befriend its big green star. That, and the rest of today's gossip.


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Alpari Grain Outlook 12/04
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By Tim Hannagan | December 5, 2012 10:26 AM EST
Monday's 10 AM CST weekly export inspection report was released showing how much of each grain was asked to be inspected by the USDA for near-term export and becomes a gauge of demand. Wheat inspections were estimated at 14.1m.b., up from 8.1 last week and four week average of 10.7 . It's not the eye-popping 28 or 30m.b. the market needs to be bullish, but it's attracting attention after news over the weekend surfaced that big world buyer Egypt was in for 280 t.m.t. of US wheat on a 400 t.m.t. world purchase. The others involved in the exports were Romania and France at higher prices to the US. The importance of the Egyptian purchase was it's the first purchase of US wheat of any measurable size since the wheat marketing year began June 1.
As you know, on my weekly updates in October and early November, I noted we were about a month away from demand returning to the US. I pegged December as the primary month in which other countries like Australia, Russia, France and other European countries would be sold out, leaving the US as the world's primary port of origin for high-quality milling wheat. It was only a matter of time and the Egyptian purchase may be a red flag for us to keep a close eye on USDA daily export updates and the next weekly export sales report each Thursday at 7:30 AM CST and inspection reports each Monday.
After opening up $.15 on the emotions of the Egypt purchase, we pulled back to down on the day at midsession as traders know that 280 t.m.t. is not a trend changer of a sale and the 14.1 m.b. inspection report is well under what's considered bullish. It's what is next that may change the trend. Failure to extend our business to Egypt and others and the March 8th .50 support will be broken with 8.25 as next stop. A close over 9.05 sets up key major resistance at 9.25. A close over 9.25 and 10.30 is next. Because 9.25 is the major resistance line of the years high, it would signal a major chart trend change, leading to trend following funds not only adding new longs but buying back short positions off spreads.
Corn inspections were 9.6 m.b. down from 16.0 last week, 38.9 a year ago and four week average of 13.5. The last uptick in demand was the 60 cent drop in price down to 7.10 basis December futures the week of November 12. Pushing 7.65 last week will not encourage buying. March corn support is 7.35, a close under sets up 7.10 then the chart gap to 6.75. Resistance is 7.65 then 7.75. To fill the gap it will take good December growing weather in Argentina through month end into January as they are the world's number two producer exporter. Argentine corn crop is now 63% planted versus 73% a year ago. They have all of December to get it in even though the last half of December is considered late and leads to a shorter growing season and lower yields.
There is already talk that excessive rains will lead to a smaller crop by 3 to 5 million metric tons. It is too early to assume that but considering China has contracted to buy record Argentine tonnage this year, any shortfall and the market assumes the US will be asked to fill the hole. With our ending stocks inventory being historically low, a purchase even as small as 200 t.m.t. would push us up $.15-$.30 higher on the day.
Bean inspections were 51.0 million bushels versus 46.5 the week prior, and four week average of 57.5. China was in for 37.6 of the total versus the four prior weeks for 45.4, 61.9, 64 and 59 m.b. The total was over the week prior, but under the four week average after a weak weekly export sales report Thursday. Our demand for beans remains good but not great. We are leveling off as the Chinese and others wait supply side direction out of South America, as their growing season is now beginning. January bean support is 14.30 then 14.00 with resistance 14.60 then 14.95.
With the USDA monthly crop report due out next Tuesday, look for breaks to be bought but do not expect any measurable rallies over last week's highs as traders get balanced ahead of the report. They cover shorts on the brakes to cover risk and take longs off the rallies to ensure that the risk is covered in case there's a surprise on the report, since there is no production updates off this year's crop on this report. Traders can't expect any big change on ending stocks. This should keep a trend from developing in any measurable correction up or down.
If you are looking to open an account to trade futures at Alpari and use me as your broker, call 312-470-1112 x304, or e-mail me your ideas.
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As the 2012 UEFA European Football Championship (Euro 2012) gradually approaches its finale, the anguish and longing of millions of football fans all over the world are touching red. Four nations remain - the favourites (and defending champions) Spain, a strong Germany, a good Portugal side and a battling Italy.
After a first round of entertaining and thrilling football, the Netherlands were considered by many as one of the favourites to reach the semi-finals but were eliminated together with Russia who were surprisingly beaten by Greece in their last and crucial group game to advance to the quarter finals.
The semi-finalists easily qualified with wins in the quarter-final – the Germans triumphed against Greece, Portugal overcame the Czech Republic whilst Spain boringly beat France. Italy, meanwhile, only just beat England after a penalty shootout following a clean sheet during the game. Italy registered 36 shots on target to England's 9!
Among the fans watching Euro 2012 are statisticians and bookmakers who will try and give their best odds in predicting the winning team. In this article I will attempt to predict the pair that will make the final with the help of a Bayesian poisson model and the intuition of Paul the Octopus!
This model was initially developed by Maher (1982) and has been used in the modelling of football scores by other authors including Lee (1997) and Karlis and Ntzoufras (2000). An outline of the model is below.
If yi1 and yi2 are the goals scored in the ith game by home and away teams respectively the model is then described as: Yij~Poisson(λik), j=1,2 with log(λi1) = μ + home + ak[HTi] + dk[ATi] and log(λi2) = μ + ak[ATi] + dk[HTi] for i = 1,2,…,n, where n is the number of games; μ is a constant parameter; home is the home effect; HTiand ATi the home and away teams respectively competing in the ith game while ak and dk are the attacking and defensive effects abilities of k team for k = 1,2,…K where K is the number of teams competing.
Based on the above, μ corresponds to the overall level of log-expected goals scored in away games and home is the home effect representing the difference between the log-expected goals scored when two teams of equal strength are competing each other. Moreover, the attacking the defensive parameters ak nd dk represent the deviations of the attacking and defensive abilities respectively from the average level. This means that a positive attacking parameter shows that a team has a better offensive performance than average while a negative defensive parameter indicates that a team has a better defensive performance than the average level of the competing teams.
So, using the model above, Table 1 shows the probabilities of win, draw and win for the (typically) home and away teams in each of the two pairs.
Table 1. Probabilities of match result
As the table shows Spain is the team more likely to qualify from the first game while Germany the one more likely to qualify from the second game. The chances of a draw after 90 minutes of normal time are almost 30% for the first and 26% for the second pair. Figures 1 and 2 display the probabilities of the number of goals scored by each team.
Figure 1. Predicted number of goals scored by Portugal and Spain
The graph above indicates the probability of Spain scoring more than one goal is higher than that of Portugal's. In particular, the estimated probability of one goal difference in favour of Spain is 17%, while Portugal's respective chance of one goal difference is 11%.
On the other hand, a tighter match is to be expected between Germany and Italy with the Germans having slightly better chances to score more than two goals than the Italians. However, Italy seem more likely to score exactly one goal than Germany. Again, the chance of one goal difference in favour of each team is almost the same (14% and 13% in favour of Germany and Italy respectively).
Figure 2. Predicted number of goals scored by Germany and Italy
From the evidence above it appears that we should expect to watch two very exciting games with all teams having quite good probabilities of winning. A more likely pair for the next Sunday's final would be that of Spain versus Germany, although any other combination could be possible. At the end of the day, it's all about luck!
In the figures what does the smooth interpolation convey when the number of goals can only take integer values?
Should I infer from the two charts that one of the teams can score 2.78182818 or 3.141592653 goals?
Conflict of interest declaration (and may be I should point out to this in disguise: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02664760802684177 ), but, in our experience, these models do quite well. However, I do hope the model got it wrong this time ;-)
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How divorce can impact your credit scores
Dear Experian, I read that divorce does not impact your credit scores, but I've heard from people who are divorced that said it damaged their credit. If it doesn't impact your scores, how does it damage your credit? - BEL
Separating your credit after divorce
Dear Experian, My husband I have had a joint credit report for the last 10 years. Our credit is in good standing, by the way. Now that we are divorcing, what steps do we need to follow to establish our own individual credit reports? Will our positive credit history follow us to our newly established individual reports, or does one person retain the good history and the other start new? - MEL