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Boss CH-1 Stereo Super Chorus$99.00The Boss CH-1 Stereo Super Chorus is legendary. A Boss Chorus is one of those pedals everyone has had. Whether you had the original CE-1 or a more recent version, do yourself a favor and try the updated Boss CH-1 Stereo Super Chorus. Learn More
Boss CS-3 Compression Sustainer$99.00The Boss CS-3 Compression Sustainer is a bullet proof compression pedal you may find is the secret weapon in many guitarists arsenal. If you aren't happy with your guitar tone, try the legendary Boss CS-3 Compression Sustainer in your signal chain. Learn More
Boss DA-2 Adaptive Distortion$129.00The Boss DA-2 Adaptive Distortion separately processes each frequency range in your guitar's signal to give you the perfect type and level of distortion in every register. The DA-2 has simple, intuitive controls and responds to your dynamics with clarity. Learn More
Boss DD-20 Giga Delay$239.00The Boss DD-20 Giga Delay is one of the most powerful delay pedals on the planet. With 23 seconds of delay and 11 different delay modes the Boss DD-20 Giga Delay is an amazing tool perfect for any style of music. Learn More
Boss DD-3 Digital Delay
Regular Price: $139.00
Special Price: $129.00The Boss DD-3 Digital Delay features up to 800ms of pure delay happiness...ness...ness. Also including an infinite repeat delay mode, the Boss DD-3 Digital Delay is a versatile effect pedal that gives you the most for your money. Learn More
Boss DD-7 Digital Delay
Regular Price: $169.00
Special Price: $149.00The Boss DD-7 Digital Delay builds on Boss digital delays before it and goes even further. With features like a longer delay time, Analog Delay mode and ext footswitch input, the Boss DD-7 Digital Delay is everything you ever wanted in a delay. Learn More
Boss DS-1 Distortion$49.00The Boss DS-1 Distortion is one of the most popular distortion pedals of all time. With its smooth, rich distortion in and affordable and bomb proof metal case, the Boss DS-1 Distortion would be be at home in any guitar-slinger's arsenal. Learn More
Boss DS-1X Distortion$149.00The DS-1X launches the famous BOSS distortion into a modern era of expression, delivering an unmatched level of performance for guitarists with an ear for tone. Learn More
Boss DS-2 Turbo Distortion$73.95The Boss DS-2 Turbo Distortion features two modes of distortion, one flat and classic and one with pronounced mids for soloing or cutting through. Using an external switch, the Boss DS-2 Turbo Distortion allows you to switch instantly between the two for added versatility. Learn More
Boss FB-2 Feedbacker/Booster
Regular Price: $119.00
Special Price: $79.00Want killer feedback that is controllable? Look no further than the Boss FB-2 Feedbacker/Booster. The boost feature lets you add as much boost as you want and the feedback features of the Boss FB-2 adds controllable, sweet feedback. Learn More
Boss FBM-1 Fender Bassman Pedal$119.00The Boss FBM-1 Fender Bassman is part of Boss's Legend series and re-creates the classic tone of a Fender Bassman into any amplifier. With the control set of this classic amplifier, the Boss FBM-1 Fender Bassman delivers the drive, the sparkle, and the tone. Learn More
Boss FRV-1 Fender Reverb$139.00The Boss FRV-1 Fender Reverb takes the legendary sound of a 1963 Fender spring reverb and packs it into modern stompbox. If you like vintage reverb, you will love the Boss FRV-1 Fender Reverb. Learn More
Boss FV-500H Mono Volume/Expression Pedal$109.00The Boss FV-500H is a mono volume pedal that also works as an expression pedal. The Boss FV-500H is heavy duty and stage worthy, get one and add another dimension to your expression based effects. Learn More
Boss FV-500L Stereo Volume/Expression Pedal$109.00The Boss FV-500L is a stereo volume pedal that also features an expression out for controlling other effects. Use the Boss FV-500L to control your stereo rig or other effects. Learn More
Boss FZ-5 Fuzz Pedal$89.00The Boss FZ-5 Fuzz Pedal is a road tough stompbox that uses COSM technology to bring you classic fuzz tones. From Maestro to Octavia to Fuzzface, the Boss FZ-5 Fuzz Pedal has all of your vintage fuzz needs covered. Learn More
Boss GE-7 Equalizer$109.00The Boss GE-7 Equalizer is one of the most versatile effects you can add to your pedal board. If you are trying to get a nice country clean tone, a scooped metal tone or anything in between, try the the Boss GE-7 Equalizer. Learn More
Boss LS-2 Line Selector$79.95The LS-2 Line Selector pedal represents the easy way to switch settings among several effects devices or amplifiers, or route input and output signals. Two line loops and six looping modes provide a wide variety of applications. Learn More
Boss MD-2 Mega Distortion$64.95The Boss MD-2 Mega Distortion is a dual stage distortion pedal that is perfect for the modern metal tones. Deep and low, the Boss MD-2 Mega Distortion remains a staple for that heavy riffage and detuned mayhem. Learn More
Boss ME-80 Guitar Multi-Effects Pedal$299.00The Boss ME-80 guitar multi-effects pedal delivers hands on access to a world of great tones! Learn More
Boss ML-2 Metal Core Distortion$87.95The Boss ML-2 Metal Core Distortion Pedal is one of the most potent and heavy distortion pedals ever created by BOSS. If you like to play it loud and aggressive Boss ML-2 Metal Core Distortion Pedal is the one for you. Learn More


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Ski and Snowboard Jackets: A Symbiosis of Functionality and Originality
It doesn't matter whether you prefer to hit the snow park, head out on backcountry expeditions, or just carve up the slopes - there's one thing you should never leave behind: the perfect ski or snowboard jacket. But what should you look out for when buying a new jacket? The market is just as huge as it versatile, which is why Blue Tomato can here you help you get a good overview of what's out there.
Water column, breathability, GORE-TEX® and DWR-treatments are fancy words describing the criteria you should look out for when choosing your snowwear to ensure you are well equipped for all types of weather on the mountain.If the skies are looking promising, an outdoor jacket or a ski and snowboard vest is also good alternative.
Water Column – the secret behind millimetres, columns and drops
Snow is wet, cold and uncomfortable on the skin. But it's still every winter athlete's favourite thing, as long as they are well protected by their snowwear. A water column simply describes how waterproof your jacket is. It indicates the water resilience of the material in millimetres. But where does the column come from and why is it measured in millimetres? Picture it like this: an open cylinder is filled with water and placed on top of the material to test how much water pressure can be applied before the first drops seep through the material. The higher the water column, the more fun you can have in the snow without feeling wet.
Breathability – why snowboard jackets need to breath
Even if many people don't want to admit it: we all sweat. This is where breathability comes in. It is measured in grammes per square metre. Breathability indicates how many grammes of water vapour can escape through the fabric per square metre in 24h. If a park rider chooses a snow jacket with a breathability level of 5.000 g/m², that means it can transport about 5 litres of sweat away from the body within 24h. That may sound like a lot, but on average, the human body produces about one litre of sweat per hour…
Which features do I really need? Membranes and more
Next to water column and breathability levels, it's also important to pay attention to the different features offered by different brands. For example, GORE-TEX® technology is currently the Nonplusultra when it comes to snowwear. An inner membrane prevents water from passing through the material from the outside, while still transporting water vapour outwards from the inside. In numbers, it has a water column and breathability of over 25.000.
DWR-treatments are also used for ski and snowboard jackets. These are usually used for softshell jackets, which are seen as a compromise between fleece and rain jackets. They are a popular alternative, especially in spring on the mountain for winter sports, but also for hiking. The abbreviation DWR stands for Durable Water Repellent and is a coating that makes a jacket water repellent, but not waterproof!
It's not difficult to see that the quality of a mountain jacket increases or decreases with its waterproofness. That's why taped seams are a popular feature amongst manufacturers. Depending on the fabrication and price, all seams or just the critical seams, that are particularly susceptible to letting in water, are welded to make them waterproof.
Features that are guaranteed to sweeten your day on the mountain
If you want to have maximum fun all no matter the weather conditions on the mountain are, these are the most helpful features:
- Jacket-to-Pant interface
- Powder skirts and wrist gaiters
- Goggle pocket (usually with built-in goggle wipe)
- Lift pass pocket
- Ventilation system
- Adjustable hood
So, if your grandmother wants to get you a new snow jacket for your birthday, you should definitely explain to her whether you want to be able to go hiking in the backcountry with it or prefer to shred in the park, before she chooses any random jacket to put in her Blue Tomato shopping cart. If you don't want to rely on your grandma, why not stop by yourself to check out the huge selection of ski and snowboard jackets at Blue Tomato.
Now you have the necessary know-how to pick your perfect style from brands like Burton, Volcom, Zimtstern and Bonfire!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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text:
|New Revised Standard (NRS)
|New International Version (NIV)
|5 Once Joseph had a dream, and when he told it to his brothers, they hated him even more.
|5 Joseph had a dream, and when he told it to his brothers, they hated him all the more.
|New Revised Standard Version Bible, copyright 1989, Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved. (New Revised Standard Bible Version Online)
|Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version Bible Online)


text:
If others are interested perhaps we can continue with what seemed to be the essential point we were discussing in the other thread- which got sidetracked (and has now been closed). Ajahn Sucitto, a student of Ajahn Chah, was explaining how important it is to cultivate equanimity and a calm mind. Without a calm and peaceful mind we cling to views and desires, there is self-making, hindrances and fetters arise, the whole process of dependent origination is set into motion which leads to a sense of self/others and fracturing of experience, etc, etc...
Just looking at a talk by Ajahn Chah, he seems to also be addressing this here. Perhaps if we use Ajahn Chah's ideas as the starting point for discussion we can discuss this without getting sidetracked? Cause this is a really important topic that relates to successful/unsuccessful practice, imo.
"Meditation means to make the mind peaceful in order to let wisdom arise. This requires that we practise with body and mind in order to see and know the sense impressions of form, sound, taste, smell, touch and mental formations. To put it shortly, it's just a matter of happiness and unhappiness. Happiness is pleasant feeling in the mind, unhappiness is just unpleasant feeling. The Buddha taught to separate this happiness and unhappiness from the mind. The mind is that which knows. Feeling is the characteristic of happiness or unhappiness, like or dislike. When the mind indulges in these things we say that it clings to or takes that happiness and unhappiness to be worthy of holding. That clinging is an action of mind, that happiness or unhappiness is feeling.
When we say the Buddha told us to separate the mind from the feeling, he didn't literally mean to throw them to different places. He meant that the mind must know happiness and know unhappiness. When sitting in samādhi, for example, and peace fills the mind, then happiness comes but it doesn't reach us, unhappiness comes but doesn't reach us. This is to separate the feeling from the mind. We can compare it to oil and water in a bottle. They don't combine. Even if you try to mix them, the oil remains oil and the water remains water, because they are of different density.
The natural state of the mind is neither happiness nor unhappiness. When feeling enters the mind then happiness or unhappiness is born. If we have mindfulness then we know pleasant feeling as pleasant feeling. The mind which knows will not pick it up. Happiness is there but it's 'outside' the mind, not buried within the mind. The mind simply knows it clearly.
If we separate unhappiness from the mind, does that mean there is no suffering, that we don't experience it? Yes, we experience it, but we know mind as mind, feeling as feeling. We don't cling to that feeling or carry it around. The Buddha separated these things through knowledge. Did he have suffering? He knew the state of suffering but he didn't cling to it, so we say that he cut suffering off. And there was happiness too, but he knew that happiness, if it's not known, is like a poison. He didn't hold it to be himself. Happiness was there through knowledge, but it didn't exist in his mind. Thus we say that he separated happiness and unhappiness from his mind.
When we say that the Buddha and the Enlightened Ones killed defilements, it's not that they really killed them. If they had killed all defilements then we probably wouldn't have any! They didn't kill defilements; when they knew them for what they are, they let them go. Someone who's stupid will grab them, but the Enlightened Ones knew the defilements in their own minds as a poison, so they swept them out. They swept out the things which caused them to suffer, they didn't kill them. One who doesn't know this will see some things, such as happiness, as good, and then grab them, but the Buddha just knew them and simply brushed them away.
But when feeling arises for us we indulge in it, that is, the mind carries that happiness and unhappiness around. In fact they are two different things. The activities of mind, pleasant feeling, unpleasant feeling and so on, are mental impressions, they are the world. If the mind knows this it can equally do work involving happiness or unhappiness. Why? Because it knows the truth of these things. Someone who doesn't know them sees them as having different value, but one who knows sees them as equal. If you cling to happiness it will be the birth-place of unhappiness later on, because happiness is unstable, it changes all the time. When happiness disappears, unhappiness arises.
The Buddha knew that because both happiness and unhappiness are unsatisfactory, they have the same value. When happiness arose he let it go. He had right practice, seeing that both these things have equal values and drawbacks. They come under the Law of Dhamma, that is, they are unstable and unsatisfactory. Once born, they die. When he saw this, right view arose, the right way of practice became clear. No matter what sort of feeling or thinking arose in his mind, he knew it as simply the continuous play of happiness and unhappiness. He didn't cling to them.
When the Buddha was newly enlightened he gave a sermon about indulgence in pleasure and indulgence in pain. ''Monks! Indulgence in pleasure is the loose way, indulgence in pain is the tense way.'' These were the two things that disturbed his practice until the day he was enlightened, because at first he didn't let go of them. When he knew them, he let them go, and so was able to give his first sermon.
So we say that a meditator should not walk the way of happiness or unhappiness, rather he should know them. Knowing the truth of suffering, he will know the cause of suffering, the end of suffering and the way leading to the end of suffering. And the way out of suffering is meditation itself. To put it simply, we must be mindful.
Mindfulness is knowing, or presence of mind. Right now what are we thinking, what are we doing? What do we have with us right now? We observe like this, we are aware of how we are living. Practising like this, wisdom can arise. We consider and investigate at all times, in all postures. When a mental impression arises that we like we know it as such, we don't hold it to be anything substantial. It's just happiness. When unhappiness arises we know that it's indulgence in pain, it's not the path of a meditator.
This is what we call separating the mind from the feeling. If we are clever we don't attach, we leave things be. We become the 'one who knows'. The mind and feeling are just like oil and water; they are in the same bottle but they don't mix. Even if we are sick or in pain, we still know the feeling as feeling, the mind as mind. We know the painful or comfortable states but we don't identify with them. We stay only with peace: the peace beyond both comfort and pain.
You should understand it like this, because if there is no permanent self then there is no refuge. You must live like this, that is, without happiness and without unhappiness. You stay only with the knowing, you don't carry things around.
As long as we are still unenlightened all this may sound strange but it doesn't matter, we just set our goal in this direction. The mind is the mind. It meets happiness and unhappiness and we see them as merely that, there's nothing more to it. They are divided, not mixed. If they are all mixed up then we don't know them. It's like living in a house; the house and its occupant are related, but separate. If there is danger in our house we are distressed because we must protect it, but if the house catches fire we get out of it. If painful feeling arises we get out of it, just like that house. When it's full of fire and we know it, we come running out of it. They are separate things; the house is one thing, the occupant is another.
We say that we separate mind and feeling in this way but in fact they are by nature already separate. Our realization is simply to know this natural separateness according to reality. When we say they are not separated it's because we're clinging to them through ignorance of the truth.
So the Buddha told us to meditate. This practice of meditation is very important. Merely to know with the intellect is not enough. The knowledge which arises from practice with a peaceful mind and the knowledge which comes from study are really far apart. The knowledge which comes from study is not real knowledge of our mind. The mind tries to hold onto and keep this knowledge. Why do we try to keep it? Just to lose it! And then when it's lost we cry.
If we really know, then there's letting go, leaving things be. We know how things are and don't forget ourselves. If it happens that we are sick we don't get lost in that. Some people think, ''This year I was sick the whole time, I couldn't meditate at all.'' These are the words of a really foolish person. Someone who's sick or dying should really be diligent in his practice. One may say he doesn't have time to meditate. He's sick, he's suffering, he doesn't trust his body, and so he feels that he can't meditate. If we think like this then things are difficult. The Buddha didn't teach like that. He said that right here is the place to meditate. When we're sick or almost dying that's when we can really know and see reality.
Other people say they don't have the chance to meditate because they're too busy. Sometimes school teachers come to see me. They say they have many responsibilities so there's no time to meditate. I ask them, ''When you're teaching do you have time to breathe?'' They answer, ''Yes.'' ''So how can you have time to breathe if the work is so hectic and confusing? Here you are far from Dhamma.''
Actually this practice is just about the mind and its feelings. It's not something that you have to run after or struggle for. Breathing continues while working. Nature takes care of the natural processes - all we have to do is try to be aware. Just to keep trying, going inwards to see clearly. Meditation is like this.
If we have that presence of mind then whatever work we do will be the very tool which enables us to know right and wrong continually. There's plenty of time to meditate, we just don't fully understand the practice, that's all. While sleeping we breathe, eating we breathe, don't we? Why don't we have time to meditate? Wherever we are we breathe. If we think like this then our life has as much value as our breath, wherever we are we have time.
All kinds of thinking are mental conditions, not conditions of body, so we need simply have presence of mind, then we will know right and wrong at all times. Standing, walking, sitting and lying, there's plenty of time. We just don't know how to use it properly. Please consider this.
We cannot run away from feeling, we must know it. Feeling is just feeling, happiness is just happiness, unhappiness is just unhappiness. They are simply that. So why should we cling to them? If the mind is clever, simply to hear this is enough to enable us to separate feeling from the mind.
If we investigate like this continuously the mind will find release, but it's not escaping through ignorance. The mind lets go, but it knows. It doesn't let go through stupidity, not because it doesn't want things to be the way they are. It lets go because it knows according to the truth. This is seeing nature, the reality that's all around us.
When we know this we are someone who's skilled with the mind, we are skilled with mental impressions. When we are skilled with mental impressions we are skilled with the world. This is to be a 'knower of the world.' The Buddha was someone who clearly knew the world with all its difficulty. He knew the troublesome, and that which was not troublesome was right there. This world is so confusing, how is it that the Buddha was able to know it? Here we should understand that the Dhamma taught by the Buddha is not beyond our ability. In all postures we should have presence of mind and self awareness - and when it's time to sit meditation we do that.
We sit in meditation to establish peacefulness and cultivate mental energy. We don't do it in order to play around at anything special. Insight meditation is sitting in samādhi itself. At some places they say, ''Now we are going to sit in samādhi, after that we'll do insight meditation.'' Don't divide them like this! Tranquillity is the base which gives rise to wisdom; wisdom is the fruit of tranquillity. To say that now we are going to do calm meditation, later we'll do insight - you can't do that! You can only divide them in speech. Just like a knife, the blade is on one side, the back of the blade on the other. You can't divide them. If you pick up one side you get both sides. Tranquillity gives rise to wisdom like this..."
~Ajah Chah
The Peace Beyond


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Toolbox: The Wrench DVD
Sale Price: $19.99
To Order by Phone Call 1-800-344-6336
- Additional Details
- Format: Color, DVD-Video, NTSC
- Rating: Not Rated
- Number of Discs: 1
- Run Time: 25 Minutes
- Region: Region 1
- Aspect Ratio: 1.33:1
- Language: English
- Studio: History Channel
- DVD Release Date: July 17, 2004
The wrench has come a long way from its origins as a super specialized tool, such as the ones used by colonial Americans to tighten wagon wheels, to it's current status as mandatory member in every plumber, mechanic, and home owner's tool box. And that change was principally spurred by the industrial revolution, when factories, saw mills, and even locomotives suddenly required more and more wrenches to adjust the thousands of nuts and bolts that held them together.
In 1832 the first patented adjustable wrench hit the market to deal with all the variations in size of hand made nuts and bolts. The first successful pipe wrench came along 30 years later in response to the amount of pipes needed in the new steam boat technology. By the end of the 19th century there were almost 5000 patents for different types of wrenches in America, and the good designs stuck. Who hasn't used a crescent wrench, socket wrench, or pipe wrench at one point in their lives?


text:
What car do you drive?
Discover all the Pirelli tires that perfectly fit your car
Are you looking for a tire dealer?
Find a Pirelli official dealer in your area.
Tire function
DISCOVER MORE TIRE FUNCTION With over one hundred years of experience in tire technology and thanks to every type of tire test, Pirelli provides the highest standards of security, longevity, comfort and attention to the environment amongst all products. Each Pirelli tire provides not only performance, but also a "feel for the road," allowing for a better understanding of the vehicle's performance. Every summer and winter tires test allows Pirelli to test and monitor the performance of every type of tire in all driving conditions, even the most extreme, to guarantee high performance for your vehicle. Discover now all the features of the Pirelli tires. In addition to the Tire Size Designation a tire may be identified by a Service Description consisting of a Load Index (or two in the case of single/dual fitment) and a Speed Symbol. The Load Index is a numerical code associated with the maximum load a tire can carry at the maximum cold inflation pressure (except for loads at speeds above 210 Km/h) at a speed indicated its speed indicated by the speed symbol under service conditions specified by the tire manufacturer.
The Speed Symbol indicates the maximum speed at which the tire can carry a load corresponding to its Load Index (except for loads at speed above 210 Km/h) under service conditions specified by the tire manufacturer.
With over one hundred years of experience in tire technology and thanks to every type of tire test, Pirelli provides the highest standards of security, longevity, comfort and attention to the environment amongst all products.
Each Pirelli tire provides not only performance, but also a "feel for the road," allowing for a better understanding of the vehicle's performance. Every summer and winter tires test allows Pirelli to test and monitor the performance of every type of tire in all driving conditions, even the most extreme, to guarantee high performance for your vehicle. Discover now all the features of the Pirelli tires.
In addition to the Tire Size Designation a tire may be identified by a Service Description consisting of a Load Index (or two in the case of single/dual fitment) and a Speed Symbol.
The Load Index is a numerical code associated with the maximum load a tire can carry at the maximum cold inflation pressure (except for loads at speeds above 210 Km/h) at a speed indicated its speed indicated by the speed symbol under service conditions specified by the tire manufacturer.
Observe the rules of the highway code, always be careful and show respect for other drivers. Here is some good advice for driving safely, saving mechanics' fees, tires and fuel. For fans of sports driving only one thought is needed: the road is not the racetrack. That said, here is some useful advice from the point of view of road safety.
Driving Safely on Wet
One of the greatest risks of driving in the wet is aquaplaning: how can you counter this phenomenon?
Aquaplaning leads to "floating" of the tire and immediate loss of grip.
It is a dangerous situation which is typically created by tackling very wet stretches of road or large puddles of water, created by bad road surface drainage, at speed.
At these times, the grooves of the tread don't manage to expel the water under the tire and, in practice, you can suddenly find the car "floating".
With careful driving and tires which are not worn and are correctly inflated this danger can, on most occasions, be avoided, since treads are designed to drain the greatest possible quantity of water to ensure the best possible adherence.
Now that we've clarified the concept of aquaplaning here is some advice on how to cope with this situation.
Braking is no use because the car is floating and moreover there is also the risk, as soon as the tires grip again, that the car may swerve suddenly making you lose control completely.
The best thing to do is keep a firm grip on the steering wheel to prepare for "regripping" trying to keep the correct steering direction for the entire duration of the phenomenon and take your foot gradually off the accelerator pedal given that the engine revs increase rapidly as soon as the car starts floating.
Driving Safely during Winter time
The first thing: without chains or winter tires you won't manage to go anywhere. The car will have no traction and on braking will be uncontrollable.
Observe the rules of the road scrupulously and be tolerant of drivers in difficulty who are going slower than you.
Increase the distance between your car and the one in front.
To reduce the risk of sliding while going uphill you can use a higher gear than you would use normally in the dry.
When driving avoid sharp acceleration, sudden steering action or braking, to minimise loss of traction on snow or ice.
Always fit four winter tires
For optimum performance and safety, it is essential for all four tires to be the same. Always use four winter tires of the same brand, and with the same construction features. Fit tires of the same size on the same axle, with the same characteristics of use, tread pattern and conditions of wear.
The use of studded tires, where permitted, must be extended to all four wheels. Consult the vehicle handbook for the correct load capacity and speed rating of the tires to be used.
Check tire pressure regularly
Inflation pressures must be checked regularly and carried out when the tires are cold. If necessary correct the pressure, again when the tire is cold. Keep to the pressures indicated by the vehicle manufacturer. Note, pressures change in relation to the external temperature: a pressure of 2.0 bar measured at +20°C decreases to 1.74 bar at -5°C and falls to 1.59 bar when the temperature is at -20°C (a change of 20%).
Check the speed limit
Pay attention to the speed limit indicated by the rating on the tire sidewall. Optionally, the car may be equipped with tires of a lower rating than that prescribed, adjusting the speed. In this case, the regulations state that the reduction in speed must be indicated on an adhesive label placed inside the car (on the windscreen or dashboard so that it's always visible to the driver).
Check the tread frequently
The performance of winter tires remains effective down to a tread depth of 5/32mm. Below this level they are no longer adequate for winter use but can be used as summer tires down to the main tread minimum legal limit, set at 2/32mm.
Store them carefully
When winter tires are not being used, they should preferably be kept on wheel rims and inflated, and the pressures checked regularly. If stored without rims, they must be stacked on their sides no more than four per stack so that they are not deformed by the weight.
Rotate tires
Rotate winter tires in the right direction every 6,000/7,000 km.
Eco Driving
"Green Performance" technology means fuel consumption could be reduced and environmental impact limited. But a lot depends on your driving habits. Here is some practical advice on how to make the most of the money saving opportunities presented by Pirelli "Green Performance" products.
- Tire pressures should be checked regularly, especially before a long journey. If tires aren't inflated correctly, they generate more rolling resistance and your vehicle will consume more fuel
- The faster you go the greater the aerodynamic resistance. Consequently fuel consumption will rise
- Maintain a "smooth" driving style, avoiding sharp acceleration or sudden braking
- Change up to a higher gear as soon as possible
- Avoid making the engine labour in low gear
- Use air conditioning conservatively and, if unnecessary, turn off all electrical services, e.g. the heated rear window
- If not being used, remove accessories, such as baggage and bike racks, as soon as possible, as they have a negative effect on the aerodynamic performance of the car
- Avoid overloading the car and remove unnecessary objects from the trunk
- Don't start the engine until you are ready to move off and switch it off if you expect to stop for more than a couple of minutes
- How long has it been since you had the wheel alignment and camber of the wheels checked? A regular check by a tire specialist will ensure a smooth-running, balanced car: an important factor in saving fuel
Everyone knows that… you don't brake on bends. And yet – pay attention observing the drivers in front of you – practically everyone comes into bends braking, before "letting go" of the pedal when they reach the centre of the bend. And everyone feels that they are perfect drivers since "you don't brake on bends".
It's a shame that all the stage of establishing the trajectory has occurred with the brakes on.
Driving this way subjects the tires – above all the front ones – to a double exertion: maintaining the trajectory set and – in addition – resisting the force of the braking system.
All in a play of forces that can also endanger the stability of the car (and therefore the roadholding).
For this reason it is fundamental to brake sooner, slow down in time and – above all – brake as much as possible with the wheels straight. Doing it this way takes advantage of the maximum adherence possible offered by the tire before steering.
Off road driving skills
Safe and successful off-roading is a combination of knowledge and skill. Understanding specific techniques for different conditions and realising the capabilities and limitations of your vehicle are critical, but the final factor is the tires on your vehicle.
Tires can often make the difference between getting out of a tough situation or getting stuck. The following information is designed to ensure that you get the maximum performance from your Pirelli tires. If in doubt, always survey your chosen route on foot. In mud or other difficult conditions move off slowly and avoid spinning the wheels. Undue wheel spinning will cause the vehicle to slip and will fill the tire treads with mud.
Choose a ground
When approaching soft muddy ground build up speed in low ratio 2nd or 3rd, trying not to spin the wheels by extreme acceleration. Go too fast and you risk bouncing and losing control, too slow and you will loose momentum.
In severe mud the most difficult situations are where the ground has rutted channels and axle deep pits.
Try to straddle the ruts if they are too deep to drive in – this will avoid dragging the diffs through the mud, which will reduce momentum and probably leave your vehicle stuck. Always try to maintain a steady momentum.
When driving in ruts, vary the accelerator and move the steering wheel from side to side- this allows the lugs on the shoulders of the tires to grip and bite into the sides of the ruts.
Never try to steer out of the ruts, let the steering wheel find its own way.
Whenever possible, check you wheel arches to make sure that they are not clogged with mud, this clogging will stop the tres from cleaning the mud from their treads.
In light snow conditions the tires will break through the crust and grip on the surface below.
Use high range ratio and avoid revving the engine, go into low range and use a very light throttle, this will encourage the tires to bite and grip rather than slip.
In very severe conditions it may be necessary to fit chains.
The skill in tackling rock conditions is to keep to the high ground wherever possible in order to avoid damage to the diffs, transmission or skidplates.
Torque is more important than power in climbing rock slopes, thus first or second gear in low range is best.
Use light throttle to prevent tire slipping.
For loose sand select high range four wheel drive – this will maintain speed, if, however the vehicle bogs down, move into low range.
Soft, loose sand is traction sapping and requires continual momentum, often using full throttle.
When negotiating water it is important that your electrical system is protected. Silicon based grease on vulnerable items is a good idea. It is absolutely vital that your air intake will be clear of the water. Ingress into the engine is terminal and expensive. Before tackling a water crossing it is critical to survey the course.
- The river flow, fast flowing means clean silt-free water. Slow moving may mean soft deep silt.
- Check the depth of water and any silt with a spade or similar. Also check for holes or large rocks which may impede your progress.
- Look closely at the entry and exit banks, bear in mind on exit you will have little momentum.
- When entering the water select low 2nd gear.
Creating a bow wave means the water in front of the vehicle is deeper but a trough is created behind the wave, i.e. in the engine bay.
If you go too fast the bow wave will break over the hood losing the trough effect in the engine bay.
When clear of water always drive a short distance with the footbrake lightly depressed to restore braking efficiency.
Check your radiator is clear of mud and leaves, and of course check for damage to your tires, as you will not have been able to see any potential damaging underwater obstacles.
TiRE PRESSURES
For most types of off-road driving it is possible to maintain your normal road pressures. However, in severe conditions It is permissible to lower pressures to increase the tyre footprint and flotation ability.
NB: Never use the tyre pressures below 16psi. Re-inflate the tyres as soon as possible. On route to the service point,drive slowly, and under no circumstances exceed 50mph.
Tires long life
For your safety it is important to check your tires regularly, at least once a month. Look for signs of damage or uneven wear because improper inflation pressures, misalignment, improper balance, or suspension malfunctions can affect the overall performance of your Pirelli tire and endanger your safety. Always ask your nearest Pirelli tire dealer for a check and assistance. Tires are the only point of contact between your car and the road: so keep them in good shape.
Tire Pressure
The correct maintenance of your tires is a priceless operation. Air is totally free and correct inflation pressure is the main secret for a longer 'lifetime' for your tires.
Insufficient inflation pressure is the main cause of tire damage.
Extended lifetime and, as a result, excellent performance for a longer period of time, means concrete economic benefits, due to savings in tire replacement costs and lower fuel consumption.
Correct inflation pressure also improves vehicle manoeuvrability, reducing the 'braking distance'.
A monthly check up is sufficient to keep the tires at the correct inflation pressure.
It is a quick, yet fundamental way to control the health of your tires and is important for your driving safety.
Controlling Tire Pressure
Check the inflation pressure on 'cold' tires. Here are the steps to follow:
- Remove the tire valve cap.
- Press the pressure gauge firmly onto the valve and control the pressure.
- Add air until the recommended pressure level is reached.
- If too much air is put in, let some air out by pressing the metal stem with your nail or the tip of a pen. Then repeat step 2.
- Replace the cap on the valve.
- Repeat the operation on each tire, including the spare tire (The spare tryes pressure has to be slighty higher than the maximum value used for the tires fitted on the vehicle For radial tires: from +0,2 to 0,3 bar (+3 to +4,5 psi)).
- Make sure that there are no nails or other bodies trapped that could make a hole in the tire.
- Check the sidewalls of the tread to make sure that there are no cuts, convexity, nor any other imperfections and irregularities.
Ten Commandments for Preventive Maintainance
Performance and driving safety are two key elements for Pirelli, that's why we would like to share with you some small actions that will help you drive in total peace of mind and safety.
- Pressures should be periodically checked on cold tires (including the spare).
Never "bleed" or reduce air pressure when tires are hot from driving, as it is normal for pressure to increase above recommended cold pressures
- Tires must be replaced when worn to the tread wear indicators, even if only in one part of the tread.
- Check the car setting periodically and/or following impacts or irregular wear.
- Balance the tires periodically and/or when vibration occurs. Then repeat step 2.
- When impacts and punctures occur have a check carried out on the inside of the tire too.
- Never park over patches of oil, solvents, etc., as they will caused tire damage.
- Comply with the speed rating and load index.
- Radial tires (even when new) must always be fitted on the rear axle; winter or studded must fitted in complete sets.
- Driving style and speed directly affect tire life.
- Have the general tire condition checked regularly by a reliable Dealer or by Pirelli Staff.
Tire Rotation Patterns
Tire rotation is a simple and effective way to prolong the useful life of tires by achieving more uniform wear.
Runflat technology
Performance, safety, peace of mind
Run Flat tires mean safety.
They provide greater control of your car in emergency conditions and allow you to continue driving safely even during a rapid loss of inflation pressure.
With Run Flat, you will retain mobility in the event of a puncture.
So, if your tire is punctured, even in pouring rain, the Pirelli Self-Supporting Run Flat means you don't have to bother with the spare.
Instead, you can continue driving for a limited period.
To ensure maximum safety during an emergency situation, the Run Flat tire must maintain certain speed and distance parameters (80km/h for 80km or 50mph for 50 miles).
Due to these restrictions, it's imperative that motorists be notified when a loss in tire pressure occurs, and therefore the vehicle must be equipped with a TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System) to detect and signal tire pressure changes.
Operating requirement
Run Flat tires have been developed based on the specifications of the vehicles on which they are mounted.
Accordingly, Run Flat tires may only be mounted on vehicles specifically manufactured to accommodate Run Flat tires.
Run Flat tires must be mounted in conjunction with a functional tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS). The mounting of tires and installation of the TPMS should be carried out by a specialised dealer.
Pirelli certifies that after pressure loss, Run Flat tires can continue to run for 80km (50 miles) at a maximum speed of 80km/h (50 mph).
Always refer to the vehicle owner's manual for specific safety and operating information relating to the vehicle.
After the low pressure warning is shown, the condition of the remaining tires and the TPMS should be checked immediately by a specialised dealer.
A tire should always be changed and not repaired after a loss of pressure, as it is not always possible to establish the time and conditions under which the tire has been used with insufficient inflation pressure.
Damaged Run Flat tires, or Run Flat tires that have experienced a loss of pressure should be replaced immediately with another Run Flat tire of identical size and service description (Load Index and Speed Code).
Pirelli recommends that a tire of a different type, or which contains a different load index or speed code, should never be mounted on the same vehicle.
After a loss of pressure, the rims should be inspected to ensure they haven't been damaged.
Damaged or deformed rims should always be replaced prior to mounting a new Run Flat tire.
Pirelli recommends the use of Extended Hump rims (EH2), which reduce the risk of bead unseating in case of loss of pressure.
Is it possible to fit a self-supporting run flat tyre on standard H2 rims? If so, will it still work as a run flat tyre and what are the implications?
Yes it is possible, although Pirelli strongly recommends that EH2 rims be used because they guarantee improved retention of the tyre bead down to zero inflation pressure. In the event of run flat operation at zero pressure with H2 rims, provided that a Pirelli self-supporting run flat tyre is used in conjunction with a Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) or air pressure warning system, the tyre will maintain its run flat characteristics. A TPMS is absolutely necessary to alert the driver that the tyre has lost pressure.
Can standard tyres be fitted to EH2 rims? If so, will they work as run flat tyres?
Standard tires can be fitted to EH2 rims but they will not have run flat features.
Can I mix Pirelli self-supporting run flat tyres with another brand of run flat tyre?
Yes, but Pirelli recommends that in a run flat condition you should not exceed 80km (50 miles) at a maximum speed of 80km/h (50 mph).
Pirelli strongly recommends that the different tyre brands should be fitted in axle sets and the tyre pressure monitoring system must be controlled to make sure that the pressure settings are compatible.
Can I fit self-supporting run flat tyres on my car?
Run Flat tyres have been developed based on the specifications of the vehicles on which they are mounted.
Accordingly, Run Flat tyres may only be mounted on vehicles specifically manufactured to accommodate Run Flat tyres, therefore you must contact the vehicle manufacturer if you are in doubt.
Can I repair a punctured Pirelli self-supporting run flat tire?
No, for safety reasons, Pirelli chooses not to recommend the repair of self-supporting run flat tyres. A self-supporting run flat tire should always be changed and not repaired after a loss of pressure because it is not always possible to establish the time and conditions under which the tire has been used with insufficient inflation pressure.
Can I use nitrogen instead of air to inflate my self-supporting run flat tires?
Is it possible to extend the 80km (50 miles) tyre range of a punctured run flat tire by re-inflating the tire?
No. After a puncture you can only travel 80km (50 miles) at a maximum speed of 80km/h (50mph), following which the tire must be replaced.
What is the effect on performance when my self-supporting run flat tires are used in run flat conditions?
Provided the vehicle is operated within restricted run flat speed of 80km/h (50 mph), handling is only slightly impaired due to reduced cornering force. Aquaplaning and braking remain almost the same. It is recommended that you avoid sharp driving manoeuvres if a tire is completely deflated, especially if the tires are fitted to H2 standard rims.
In run flat conditions with a Pirelli self-supporting run flat tire, can I drive for more than 80km (50 miles) if I drive slower than 80km/h (50 mph)?
No. The maximum condition guaranteed by Pirelli is 80km (50 miles) at zero pressure at a speed not exceeding 80km/h (50mph). For vehicles fitted with Pirelli self-supporting Run Flat tires as original equipment, the tire manufacturer's recommendations indicated in the owners manual apply.
How does a tire pressure monitoring device work?
There are a range of tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMS) available so you should consult the vehicle manufacturer if you require a specific explanation. Basically there are two types of system, indirect systems use the fact that reduced air pressure causes the wheel to rotate at a slower speed and when they detect this difference send a warning to the driver. Direct systems directly control tire pressure against pre-set values and send a warning when actual pressure falls below set values.
How do I know if a tire is self-supporting run flat?
Which appears on the sidewall of the tyre. On tires specifically homologated for BMW vehicles there are also the letters RSC which stand for Run Flat System Component.
Why vehicle handbook states that my run flat tires can operate for 100miles (160km) but all Pirelli literature states 80km? Which is correct?
Pirelli guarantee a general maximum distance of 80km for all self-supporting run flat tyres. Vehicle manufacturers conduct their own tests based on specific vehicle models, taking into consideration vehicle weight and characteristics and can decide together with the tire manufacturer can suggest an increased distance for that specific vehicle. For vehicles fitted with Pirelli self-supporting Run Flat tires as original equipment, the tire manufacturer's recommendations indicated in the owners manual apply.
If one of my run flat tires sustains a puncture can I replace it with a standard tire?
Pirelli does not recommend mixing run flat tires and standard tires on the same vehicle, even if paired in axle sets. If you have a puncture, the run flat tires are designed to permit you to reach a tyre dealer where you can have the tire checked and replaced if necessary with another run flat tire. In exceptional and emergency circumstances a normal tire with identical dimensions, load index and speed code can be fitted for a very limited period and distance. It must be noted that standard tires do not have the same run flat characteristics as the other tires on your vehicle and must be removed at the earliest opportunity.
Seal inside technology
Pirelli introduces on the market its new "Seal Inside Technology", the new concept of extended mobility to safely drive your cars in the event of a puncture.
What is Seal Inside?
Seal Inside (S.I.) is a new tire construction technology that allows you to drive on without losing air pressure even after the tire has been punctured by an external object, covering almost 85% of the possible accidental causes of pressure loss*.
The Seal Inside logo will be used to identify all Pirelli products featuring this new technology.
The logo (in black) is also on the tire sidewall.
* The Seal Inside is effective for the majority of the punctures apart from the ones that are compromising the integrity of the tire
How does it work?
Inside the tire, in the area corresponding to the tread pattern, a sealing layer material tightly blocks every possible air leakage in case of a puncture that passes through the carcass with or without an external object still present.
The Seal Inside deals immediately with the hole and its fast and effective action, in most cases, does not make the driver realize that the tire has been punctured.
Operative Recommendation
In the event of a puncture, the sealant allows the driver to continue driving – not having to stop the vehicle for an immediate replacement of the tire – until it can be replaced. The sealant does not guarantee permanent repair of the tire caused by a puncture. For this reason Pirelli recommends that drivers regularly monitor the tires in order to identify punctures that are sealed, or the presence of nails or screws on the tread pattern. In such a situation, it is necessary to go to a specialized tire dealer who can identify the puncture area and remove the object that caused it.
The tire dealer has to subsequently evaluate the extent of the damage and decide if the tire can be repaired or not.
Seal Inside tires can significantly reduce the chance of having a flat tire but, unlike run flat tires, are not designed to be driven under inflated or in a flat condition.
In terms of mounting, removing and balancing there are no differences between Seal Inside and standard tires. Pirelli tires with Seal Inside technology do not need dedicated rims and for this reason can be mounted on the same standard rims used for standard tires.
Seal Inside tires should be stored in the same conditions recommended for standard tires.
Repairing Instructions
Premise: examination of a damaged tire and execution of a proper repair are the responsibilities only of a specialized tire dealer. Pirelli does not assume any liability for operations performed by third parties.
To perform the repair of a tire with Seal Inside technology it is necessary to remove the layer of sealant in the puncture area within the tire until you reach the impermeable butyl layer, for an area with the same size as the repair patch to be applied; after removing the sealant the repair operation is equivalent to that of a standard tubeless tire.
As is evident, this operation to remove the sealant from the puncture area inevitably means that the treated area loses the special technical feature of Seal Inside.
There no difference in terms of driving performance (rolling resistance, comfort, noise, dry and wet performance) between a Seal Inside tire and a standard tire.
The Seal Inside Technology does not need dedicated rims and TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System) to be used safely on a vehicle; it can be used on any kind of vehicle depending on the tire size.
Discover the tire markings
In addition to the tire size and the service description, there are several different inscriptions on the tire sidewall.
Brand and Product Name
Construction Type
This example shows a typical tubeless radial tire.
Side Indication
For all asymmetric products, it is important to fit the tire on the rim in the correct position. Asymmetric tread pattern designs are developed to offer the best performance considering the different behaviors of the external and internal areas of the tread design.
DOT Safety Standard Codes
DOT (Department Of Transportation) is a legal marking required in many countries in order to sell the tires. DOT means that the tires meet or exceed the Department of Transportation's safety standards.
1) Means tire meets or exceeds Department of Transportation safety standards
2) Manufacturer and Plant Code Number (Assigned by DOT)
3) Tire Size Code Number
4) Group of Optional Symbols for the Manufacturer ( To identify the brand or other significant characteristics of the tire)
5) Date of manufacture
ECE Homologation
When a tire bears the ECE symbol, it has been ECE certified and approved and meets ECE standards for physical dimensions, branding requirements and high speed endurance regulations. The marking is made up of the letter E and a number representing the country releasing the approval sheet, followed by a unique number combination for each product.
European Noise Homologation
When a tire bears the European Noise Approved number, it is compliant with Directive 2001/43/EC and adheres to the new noise emission levels set for European countries.
U.T.Q.G. (Uniform Tire Quality Grading)
UTQG is a standard defined by the DOT of the USA for grading the performances of tires in the areas of TREADWEAR, TRACTION and TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE. It applies only to car tires with a rim diameter larger than 13", but not to winter tires.
TREADWEAR: The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and one-half times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.
TRACTION: The traction grades are AA, A, B, and C, from highest to lowest, respectively. These grades represent the tire's ability to stop on wet roads as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. Caution: the traction grade assigned to the tire is based on straight-ahead braking traction tests and does not include acceleration, cornering, aquaplaning, or peak traction characteristics.
TEMPERATURE: The temperature grades, A (the highest), B, and C, represent the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperatures can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. Grade C corresponds to a level of performance for which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel. Caution: the temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, under inflated tires, or excessive loads, either separately or in combination can cause heat build-up and possible tire failure.
T.W.I. (Tread Wear Indicator)
TWI is an important safety feature that indicates how much tread is left on a tire. Narrow bars of rubber are moulded at a height of 1.6 mm (2/32") across the bottom of the tread grooves. When the tread wears down to these bars, the tire should be replaced.
M+S (Mud & Snow) and Snowflake Marking
Winter tires, also called snow, cold weather or thermal tires, are identified by the branding M+S (Mud&Snow) on the side of the tires together with the drawing of a mountain with a snowflake. The M+S marking alone is legally sufficient to identify a winter tire, but the tire industry has adopted the snowflake symbol to differentiate specifically winter tires (M+S and snowflake) from all-season tires (only M+S).
What Is Warranted and Who Is Eligible Under the Warranty?
Pirelli Tire LLC [Pirelli Tire North America (PTNA)], 100 Pirelli Drive, PO Box 700, Rome, GA 30161-7000, warrants to the original purchaser that all Pirelli brand or PTNA private brand Original Equipment and Replacement Passenger and Light Truck radial tires with a complete D.O.T. identification number and branded Pirelli or a PTNA private brand, which are supplied by PTNA, either directly or through an authorized Pirelli Dealer, and which are mounted on passenger cars, vans and light trucks within the U.S.A. and Canada will be free from defects in workmanship and materials.
For more information on tire safety, see the Rubber Manufacturers Association website
If further assistance or information is needed, please contact:
Pirelli Tire North America
Consumer Affairs Group
Monday through Friday
8:00 AM to 6:00 PM Eastern Standard Time
1-800-747-3554 (option #2) (1-800-PIRELLI)
Tire Pairing
It is strongly recommended that Pirelli tires be mounted in sets of four with the same tread type. Pirelli tires should not be mixed with other tire brands. It is necessary to follow this procedure due to varying tire constructions and tire slip angles. When changing only two homogeneously fitted tires on a vehicle, fit the new tires on the rear axle. This applies to all vehicles regardless of their drive axle (Front or Rear Wheel Drive). The rear tires will only be warrantable for one half of the stated mileage for that tire line. Please note that on all wheel drive vehicles, the tires must always be replaced in sets of four.
Run Flat Road Hazard Warranty
If a Run Flat tire becomes unserviceable due to workmanship or material irregularities or road hazard injury during the initial warranty period, the tire will be replaced to the owner at no charge. The initial warranty period lasts one year from the date of original retail purchase (purchase receipt required) or within the first 2/32" of original tread, whichever occurs first. After the initial warranty period, if a Run Flat tire becomes unserviceable due to workmanship and material irregularities or road hazard injury, the owner must pay the cost for a comparable new Pirelli brand or PTNA private brand replacement tire on a pro-rated basis. An authorized Pirelli dealer will determine the cost by multiplying the percentage of the original usable tread worn by the current dealer selling price. The owner will be responsible for any associated service charges, including mounting and balancing of the tire. A tire has delivered its original usable tread and is considered 100% worn when the treadwear indicators (2/32" tread remaining) become visible regardless of age or mileage. Run Flat tires have the same mileage warranty as the standard tire line they are part of, up to a maximum of 30,000 miles.
What Is The Adjustment Policy And For How Long?
If a Pirelli tire becomes unserviceable due to workmanship or material anomalies during the initial warranty period, which is one year from the date of original retail purchase of the vehicle or one year from the original retail purchase date of the replacement tires or the first 2/32" of original usable tread, whichever occurs first, the tire will be replaced to the owner at no charge for the tire.
If tire is presented for ride related anomalies the initial warranty period is one year from the date of original retail purchase of the vehicle or one year from the original retail purchase date of the replacement tires or within the first 2/32 nd of the original useable tread, whichever occurs first.
The owner must pay for any associated service charges, including mounting and balancing of the tire in both of the aforementioned cases. After the initial warranty period, if a Pirelli tire becomes unserviceable due to workmanship or material anomalies, the owner must pay the cost for a new Pirelli replacement tire on a pro-rata basis. The authorized Pirelli dealer will determine the cost by multiplying the percentage of the original usable tread worn by the current dealer selling price. The owner must pay for any associated service charges, including mounting and balancing of the tire. A tire has delivered its original usable tread and its warranty ends when at least one of the treadwear indicators becomes visible regardless of age or mileage.
Warranty Mileage Claim
Pirelli Tire North America warrants that the tread life of Pirelli manufactured replacement street legal tires, as supplied by Pirelli Tire North America directly or though an authorized dealer, will last for the described vehicle odometer miles from date of original retail purchase. This warranty is only valid to the original consumer purchaser, and do not apply to any tires which are mounted as Original Equipment on a new vehicle.
This Treadwear Warranty only applies if:
You are the original purchaser and have a copy of the original receipt or invoice.
You are the owner of the vehicle on which the tires were originally installed.
You have had the tires rotated every 3000 to 4000 miles with documentation.
All tires worn evenly across the tread, down to the treadwear indicators (2/32") at which time the tires are considered to be legally 100% worn out.
Your servicing Pirelli dealer has completed the Tire Rotation Record.
Warranty Mileage Chart
When a tire bears the European Noise Approved number, it is compliant with Directive 2001/43/EC and adheres to the new noise emission levels set for European countries.
*Rotation required every 3,000-4,000 miles
1 Mileage warranty not valid for Original Equipment
2 Mileage warranty not valid for Original Equipment, Eurometric, LT sizes, and commercial use
What Is Not Covered By The Warranty?
P-Metric tires used on commercial vehicles or used in commercial applications.
Tires transferred from another vehicle on which they were originally installed.
Tires on any vehicle registered and normally operated outside the United States of America or Canada.
Tires which have been recapped, or retreaded, or regrooved.
Tires used in racing or other competitive events.
Tires improperly repaired or with repairs not conforming to Rubber Manufacturers Association standards, or with section repairs, or with self-vulcanizing plug only.
Tires which have been modified by the addition or removal of material or any tire intentionally altered to change its appearance.
Tires injected with liquid balancer or sealant or in which anything other than air has been used as the support medium.
Tires with weather cracking which were purchased more than four years prior to presentation for adjustment (If no proof of purchase date is available, tires manufactured four or more years prior to presentation for adjustment).
Tire unserviceability caused by tire operation in excess of tire/wheel manufacturers' specifications and recommendations.
Ride related anomalies after the first 2/32" of treadwear.
Tires which are mis-applied due to insufficient speed rating, or undersized, or oversized tires.
Tires which become unserviceable because of a mechanical irregularity in the vehicle such as misalignment, defective brakes, defective shock absorbers, or improper rims.
Tires damaged by fire, chemical corrosion, vandalism, wrecks, chains, theft, run while flat, underinflated, overinflated, or abused during servicing.
Flat Spotting caused by improper transport or storage.
Tires which become unserviceable because of road hazard injuries (e.g., nails, glass, metal objects) or other penetrations or snags, bruises or impact damage.
Tires damaged from improper mounting practices.
Tire dealer/retailer services (e.g., mounting, dismounting, balancing, tire rotation, or wheel alignment).
Mileage warranty is not applicable to tires fitted as Original Equipment.
Tires removed in pairs or sets where no abnormality exists in multiple tires.
Summer tires used at or below 45F (7C) ambient temperature.
How To Make A Claim Under This Warranty
The owner, when making a claim under the terms of this warranty, must present the tire along with proof of purchase to any authorized Pirelli dealer. To locate an authorized Pirelli Dealer in your area, please check the Dealer Locator on the Pirelli web site at www.us.pirelli.com
This is the only express warranty given by PTNA, applicable to Pirelli original equipment passenger car radial and light truck radial tires. PTNA does not make any other express warranty or any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. PTNA does not authorize any other person, including authorized Pirelli dealers, car manufacturers or car dealers, to change this warranty or create any other obligation in connection with Pirelli tires.
PTNA will not do anything other than what is stated in this warranty if an inconsistency is found in an original Pirelli equipment passenger car or light truck radial tire. All other compensation is excluded, including any obligation or liability on the part of PTNA for consequential or incidental damages (such as the loss of use of car or loss of time) arising from this incident.
Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above exclusion may not apply. This warranty provides specific legal rights, and are in addition to those which vary from state to state.
Pirelli Passenger And Light Truck Percent Of Wear Chart
Original New Tire Tread Depths (Top Row)
How to Determine Percent of Tread Worn Obtain the original tread depth of the new tire In the groove closest to the center, measure the used tire to determine the tread remaining in 32nds of an inch.
The percentage worn is indicated where the tread remaining line (above chart) meets the original new tread depth column.
To determine the adjustment charge, multiply the percentage of tread worn by the current dealer retail selling price.
Mileage Charts
Consumer Warranty Brochure
Technical bulletin
Run flat mounting | January 3, 2012
SUBJECT: Mounting Pirelli Run Flat tires on EH2 and EH2 plus Run Flat Wheels
SUMMARY: Pirelli Run Flat tires are designed to be mounted on Extended Hump Run Flat Wheels. Therefore Pirelli recommends the EH2 or EH2 plus Run Flat Wheels when mounting Pirelli Run Flat tires.
Accordingly, Pirelli Run Flat tires must be mounted on vehicles that are specifically designed and manufactured to be fitted with Run Flat tires.
Run Flat tires must be mounted in conjunction with a functional Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS).
For detailed information regarding mounting and dis-mounting Pirelli Run Flat tires, refer to Pirelli literature.
DETAILS: When working with Run Flat tires, follow the Warnings and Precautions listed below.
- Re-inflation of any type of tire/rim assembly that has been operated in a run-flat or underinflated condition (80% or less of recommended pressure), can result in serious injury or death. The tire may be damaged on the inside and can explode while you are adding air. The rim parts may be worn, damaged or dislodged and can explosively separate.
- NEVER mount or use damaged tires or rims.
- NEVER rework, weld, heat, or braze the tire/wheel/rim. Heating the rim of tire/wheel/rim assembly can cause a tire to explode, causing serious injury or death.
- The use of any flammable material during tire servicing is prohibited. Use of starting fluid, ether, gasoline or any other flammable material to lubricate, seal or seat the beads of a tubeless tire can cause the tire to explode or can cause the explosive separation of the tire/rim assembly resulting in serious injury or death.
- NEVER hammer, strike or pry on any type of tire/rim assembly while the tire contains inflation pressure. Do not attempt to seat any part while the tire contains any inflation pressure. This could result in serious injury or death.
- NEVER inflate beyond 40 pounds pressure to seat beads.
- NEVER stand, lean or reach over the assembly during inflation.
- Inspect both sides of the tire to be sure that the beads are evenly seated. If tire is mounted on a machine that does not have a positive lock-down device to hold the wheel, inflation should be done in a safety cage or other restraining device. If both beads are not properly seated when pressure reaches 40 psi, completely deflate the assembly, reposition the tire on the rim, re-lubricate and reinflate.
- Never exceed the psi stated on the vehicle placard.
1. NEVER re-inflate a tire that has been operated in a run-flat or underinflated condition (80% or less of recommended pressure). Demount and inspect all tires and rim parts before re-inflating.
2. NEVER attempt to demount a tire from a rim unless you are sure that the tire is completely deflated. Failure to follow this practice can cause the assembly to burst with force sufficient to cause serious injury or death.
3. NEVER use any rim part that is bent, pitted from corrosion, cracked or worn. Remove rust, dirt or foreign material from rim parts.
4. ALWAYS inspect inside of the tire for loose cords, cuts, penetrating objects or other casing damage.
Remove dirt, liquids, or other foreign material before mounting.
5. ALWAYS replace a tire with one having the same size designation and service description.
6. ALWAYS lubricate with approved tire mounting lubricant or mild vegetable oil or mild soap solution.
Never use antifreeze, silicones or petroleum-base lubricants. This will damage the tire.
7. ALWAYS inspect valve cores for proper air retention. Replace damaged or leaky cores.
8. ALWAYS inflate the tire to vehicle placard recommended cold inflation pressure.
9. When inflating a tire that is off a vehicle, use a safety cage or other restraining device, and an extension hose with in-line air gauge and clip-on air chuck, which allows the operator to stand clear of the trajectory.
10. ALWAYS use sealing valve caps to prevent loss of air or fluid.
Run flat warranty | January 3, 2012
SUBJECT: Pirelli Run Flat tires Road Hazard Warranty
SUMMARY: Pirelli Run Flat tires are covered for Road Hazard damage under the Pirelli Original Equipment and Replacement Limited Warranty
DETAILS: The following change has been made to the PIRELLI ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT AND REPLACEMENT LIMITED WARRANTY for Passenger and Light Truck Tires effective July 01, 2005.
- If a Run Flat tire becomes unserviceable due to workmanship or materials condition or road hazard injury during the initial warranty period, which is one year from the date of original retail purchase of the vehicle or purchase of replacement tires (purchase receipt required) or, within the first 2/32" of the original tread, whichever occurs first, the tire will be replaced to the owner at no charge for the tire.
- After the initial warranty period if a Run Flat tire becomes unserviceable due to workmanship or materials condition or road hazard injury, the owner must pay the cost of a comparable new Pirelli brand or PTNA private brand replacement tire on a pro-rata basis. The authorized Pirelli dealer will determine the cost by multiplying the percentage of the original usable tread worn by the current dealer selling price. The owner must pay for any associated service charges, including mounting and balancing of the tire.
Question regarding these changes or any other issue should be directed to Consumer Affairs at 1- 800-747-3554 option # 2.
Mileage warranty changes | January 3, 2012
SUBJECT: Mileage Warranty on Staggered Size Fitments and Run Flat Tires
SUMMARY: Certain Run Flat tire applications will have a mileage warranty. Vehicles with staggered tire size fitments will have a special mileage warranty.
DETAILS: The following change has been made to the PIRELLI ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT AND REPLACEMENT LIMITED WARRANTY for Passenger and Light Truck Tires effective January 01, 2012.
For a "Staggered Fitment" application (different size tires on the front and rear axles) the rear tires will only be warrantable for one half of the stated mileage for that tire line.
For Run Flat tires, they will have the same mileage warranty as the standard tire line they are part of, up to a maximum of 30,000 miles.
Mileage warranties do not apply to any tires which are mounted as Original Equipment on a new vehicle.
Question regarding these changes or any other issue should be directed to Consumer Affairs at 1- 800-747-3554 option # 2.
Load index - speed symbol | January 5, 2012
SUBJECT: Load Index and Speed Symbol
SUMMARY: To maintain proper vehicle dynamics and load carrying capacity, replacement tires must always have a Load Index and Speed Symbol equal to or greater than the tires fitted as Original Equipment. PIRELLI DOES NOT RECOMMEND, ENDORSE, OR ENCOURAGE IN ANY WAY A REDUCTION IN SPEED SYMBOL AND/OR LOAD INDEX UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE.
DETAILS: Changing the Load Index or Speed Symbol may adversely change the driving capabilities of the vehicle.
The Load Index must always be equal to or greater than the Load Index for the corresponding Original Equipment tires.
FOR WINTER TIRES ONLY the Speed Symbol may be less than that of the Original Equipment fitment, but the vehicle speed limit is reduced to correspond with the replacement tires'
The vehicle tire placard and Owner's manual specify the original equipment size, speed symbol and load index. Never choose a smaller size or lower carrying capacity or speed symbol than the size shown on the placard or specified in the Owner's manual.
Speed rated tires have an influence on vehicle response and recovery at all speed ranges. Speed rated tires are not just designed for a maximum sustained speed but also for vehicle handling dynamics at all speeds.
Below is the maximum speed each symbol is rated for. Although customers may ask you to fit lower speed rated tires to reduce cost, you must remind them of the potentially adverse effects on handling and guide them to the proper speed symbol.
Above 186 mph (300km/h)
186 mph (300km/h)
168 mph (270km/h)
149 mph (240km/h)
130 mph (210km/h)
124 mph (200km/h)
118 mph (190km/h)
112 mph (180km/h)
105 mph (170km/h)
99 mph (160km/h)
93 mph (150km/h)
86 mph (140km/h)
80 mph (130km/h)
74 mph (120km/h)
Set forth below is a LOAD INDEX chart with the applicable load that a tire can support at the maximum pressure.
738 Lbs. (335kg)
760 Lbs. (345kg)
783 Lbs. (355kg)
804 Lbs. (365kg)
826 Lbs. (375kg)
853 Lbs. (387kg)
882 Lbs. (400kg)
908 Lbs. (412kg)
937 Lbs. (425kg)
963 Lbs. (437kg)
992 Lbs. (450kg)
1018 Lbs. (462kg)
1047 Lbs. (475kg)
1074 Lbs. (487kg)
1102 Lbs. (500kg)
1135 Lbs. (515kg)
1168 Lbs. (530kg)
1201 Lbs. (545kg)
1234 Lbs. (560kg)
1278 Lbs. (580kg)
1323 Lbs. (600kg)
1356 Lbs. (615kg)
1389 Lbs. (630kg)
1433 Lbs. (650kg)
1477 Lbs. (670kg)
1521 Lbs. (690kg)
1565 Lbs. (710kg)
1609 Lbs. (730kg)
1653 Lbs. (750kg)
1708 Lbs. (775kg)
1764 Lbs. (808kg)
1819 Lbs. (825kg)
1874 Lbs. (850kg)
1919 Lbs. (875kg)
1984 Lbs. (900kg)
2039 Lbs. (925kg)
2094 Lbs. (950kg)
2149 Lbs. (975kg)
2205 Lbs. (1000kg)
2271 Lbs. (1030kg)
2337 Lbs. (1060kg)
2403 Lbs. (1090kg)
2469 Lbs. (1120kg)
2535 Lbs. (1150kg)
2601 Lbs. (1180kg)
1679 Lbs. (1215kg)
2756 Lbs. (1250kg)
2833 Lbs. (1285kg)
2910 Lbs. (13230kg)
2998 Lbs. (1360kg)
3087 Lbs. (1400kg)
3197 Lbs. (1450kg)
3307 Lbs. (1500kg)
3417 Lbs. (1550kg)
If you have any questions about a Pirelli branded tire and its acceptable fitment, please contact the Consumer Affairs Group at 1-800-PIRELLI (747-3554) or contact your Pirelli Sales Representative.
Plus sizing | January 5, 2012
SUBJECT: Plus Size Changeover; Brake and Wheel Clearance
SUMMARY: Plus Sizing (increasing the tire section width) is used to change the appearance or handling of a vehicle. When changing from the Original Equipment fitment tires using a Plus Size changeover, there are multiple factors which must be considered to ensure proper vehicle operation.
Plus Size Changeover When fitting a Plus Size conversion you must consider the Original Equipment fitment parameters of Load Index/Speed Symbol and Overall Tire Diameter. (The plus concept increases the steering stability by lowering the aspect ratio of the tires and increases the size of the contact patch while maintaining the same overall diameter, load index and speed symbol). Always check the vehicle manufacturer''s recommendations.
The following parameters will assist in ensuring proper vehicle operation:
- Overall Diameter: optimum within +/- 1%, acceptable within -3% to +2% of the Original Equipment fitment.
- Load Index / Speed Symbol: must be equal to or higher than that of the Original Equipment fitment.
- Rim Width and Offset: check against OE/rim manufacturer's recommendations.
Brakes: Original Equipment brake components must operate according to the manufacturer's specification when performance package upgrades of wheels and tires are fitted. Brake upgrades may be required depending on the overall diameter of the Tire/Wheel combination, Tread Compounding, Tread Design, Contact Area and amount of Unsprung weight added to the suspension. Unsprung weight is the weight under the suspension, which moves up and down as the vehicle moves over uneven roads/surfaces and leans in corners. Always refer to the vehicle manufacturer's specifications when upgrading any brake components.
Clearance: Interference between the tire/wheel and fixed parts of the vehicle must not exist. Check clearance with respect to the maximum range of suspension system (between empty and fully loaded vehicle), the same for the maximum range of the steering system (maximum left and right turns). Allowances must also be considered for the dynamic action of each individual suspension system component.
Eurometric lt mileage warranty | January 23, 2012
SUBJECT: Mileage Warranty on Eurometric Light Truck Tires
SUMMARY: For light truck tire lines which have a mileage warranty, Eurometric sizes are now eligible for coverage.
Tires meeting the following criteria will be covered under the standard Pirelli mileage warranty:
Scorpion Verde A/S, Scorpion STR and Scorpion ATR tire lines.
- Tires purchased after July 1, 2011 (proof of purchase required)
- Eurometric sizes are now included, in addition to P-metric sizes.
- Rotation and even wear requirements as detailed in Pirelli warranty documents must be met.


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Professionals use a three dimensional methodology to market examination which incorporates an investigation of price, volume and open interest. Of these three, price is the most vital. On the other hand, volume and open interest give paramount optional affirmation of the price movement on an outline and regularly give a lead sign of an approaching change of trend. For starting learners of the market these two ideas have a tendency to be sort of confounding however are extremely significant ideas to see in- undertaking a careful investigation of market movement.
Volume speaks to the aggregate sum of exchanging action or gets that have changed turns in a given merchandise market for a solitary exchanging day. The more excellent the measure of exchanging throughout a market session the higher will be the exchange volume and price. As said prior, a higher volume bar on the diagram implies that the exchanging action was heavier for that day.
An alternate approach to take a gander at this, is that the volume speaks to a measure of power or weight behind a short term trading price trend. The more terrific the volume the more we can anticipate that the existing trend will proceed with as opposed to turn around. Specialists accept that volume goes before price, implying that the misfortune of upside price weight in an uptrend or downside weight in a downtrend will appear in the volume figures before showing itself as an inversion in trend on the bar graph.
Open Interest is the aggregate number of exceptional gets that are held by market members at the end of every day. Where volume measures the weight or power behind a price trend, open interest measures the stream of cash into the futures market. For every vender of a futures contract there must be a purchaser of that agreement. Therefore a vender and a purchaser consolidate to make one and only contract. Thusly, to focus the aggregate open interest for any given market we require just to know the aggregates from one side or alternate, purchasers or merchants, not the entirety of both.
Each one exchange finished on the floor of a futures exchange has an effect upon the level of open interest for that day. Case in point, if both gatherings to the exchange are launching another position ( one new purchaser and one new dealer), open interest will expand by one agreement. In the event that both brokers are shutting an existing or old position ( one old purchaser and one old vender) open interest will decay by one agreement.
The third and last probability is one old dealer passing off his position to another merchant ( one old purchaser offers to one new purchaser). Thus the open interest won't change. By checking the progressions in the open interest figures at the end of each one exchanging day, a few decisions about the day�s action might be drawn.
Expanding open interest implies that new cash is streaming into the marketplace. The effect will be that the present trend ( up, down or sideways) will proceed. Declining open interest implies that the market is selling and infers that the predominating price trend is arriving at an end. A learning of open interest can demonstrate of service around the end of significant market moves. A leveling off of consistently expanding open interest emulating a maintained price development is regularly an early cautioning of the end to an uptrending or positively trending market.