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Do You REALLY Need Any Home Security Devices?
Have you seen the statistics on home burglary? Many people consider them alarming, and we don't mean that as a pun. Yes, security alarms are effective home security devices, but they are only one of many. Back to the statistics.
"The FBI tells us that a home burglary happens every 13 seconds in the United States and is the most common threat to your home.
Police also tell us that 90% of all burglaries can be prevented.
Burglars steal $2,119 worth of goods and another $2,000 worth of damage, on average, to every victimized home.
Police usually only clear 13% of all reported burglaries due to lack of witnesses or physical evidence.
Of all burglaries, 60.5 percent involved forcible entry, 33.2 percent were unlawful entries (without force), and the remainder 6.3 percent were forcible entry attempts (unsuccessful).
In 2010, there were an estimated 2,159,878 burglaries. They increased 2.0 percent in 2010 compared to the 2001 estimate."
If those statistics don't convince you that you need home security devices around your home, then you need to think again.
Most home security devices provide simple, inexpensive and yet very effective home security. The product referred to above puts out a 110 dB alarm when the protected door or window is opened. It can provide protection for doors and windows, even sliding glass doors and cabinets that holds potentially dangerous products such as drugs, or cleaning products. It is only 2 ½ inches long and comes with alarm batteries and adhesive tape to secure it to the door or window.
Home security devices should only be considered a last line of defense to prevent burglars from getting into your home. You should take some other steps to preclude the burglar from even thinking about breaking in. Those might include eliminating potential hiding places the burglars would use to conceal their whereabouts, installing some fake security cameras around the perimeter of your home and placing some signs in your front yard that warn of a vicious guard dog or of a home security system in place.
So the answer to the question "do you really need home security devices?" is yes absolutely, but only if you want to protect your home and the contents.
Popular Self Defense Items for Women
One of the most overlooked self defense items for women is this PAL keychain alarm with light. It is one of the most popular personal alarms, a.k.a. panic alarms, for women. It combines the two best deterrents against an attack: 130 dB ear piercing alarm and a bright flashing light. You can activate the alarm in two ways; first when the pin attached to the keychain is pulled, and second by pressing the alarm button on the top of the unit.
Personal alarms are effective self-defense items for women because they can alert people in your area that you may be in trouble and/or scare a potential assailant away. This particular panic alarm uses two AAA batteries that come with the unit and it is so small that it attaches to your keys easily.
Another inexpensive self-defense items for women is this Pepper Shot 10% concentration of oleoresin capsicum rated at 2 million Scoville heat units keychain pepper spray. It contains 10 half-second shots up to 10 feet away and represents one of the best values in self-defense items for women. It has a thumb lock safety actuator to prevent accidental discharge and includes a UV marking dye for assailant identification.
These are just two examples of self-defense items for women that we carry in our online store. We have a wide variety of other self-defense products including stun guns and batons. We also carry a good selection of home security products including window and door alarms as well as do it yourself home security systems. We also carry fake security cameras that are so realistic no one can tell the difference from the real thing.
We are proud to say that all of our products have a money 90 day money back guarantee. You also get a free product lifetime phone and email support system for questions or problems.
Why You Should Be Using Mace For Self Defense
We will discuss why you should be using Mace for self defense in today's post, but first some background information.
Modern day history of pepper spray started in 1973 when the FBI "worked to develop weapons grade material in the 80s". In 1994, the N.Y.P.D. decided to adopt pepper spray as an anti-personnel weapon. So you can see the history of modern day pepper spray is relatively new.
The same ingredient that makes major topical arthritis creams so effective-capsaicin-usually at only 0.1% (most sprays are at least 10%)-is the major ingredient in all pepper sprays. It is a concentration of oleoresin capsicum which is the resin of cayenne pepper-one of the hottest peppers in the world. Other ingredients in pepper sprays can include CN teargas and a UV marking dye for assailant identification.
For any person who has been in the military, part of your basic training is being sprayed with pepper spray. The same is true for anyone who wishes to become a federal, state or local police officer. Getting to know how pepper spray feels is part of your training. It is not fun!
Here's why you should be using Mace for self-defense.
The victim's eyes clamp shut-not just because of the excessive tearing-but also the dilation of the capillaries.
It makes breathing difficult with immediate inflammation and swelling of the throat restricting the airway. Uncontrollable coughing and gasping for air is common.
And of course, the most famous is the pain caused by contact with exposed skin. Does it ever hurt!
There is also the sensation of the loss of balance and disorientation. Using Mace for self-defense is nasty stuff!
When your self-defense is on the line using mace for self-defense makes all kinds of sense. It is effective, legal, relatively inexpensive and Mace brand has the biggest selection and widest variety of pepper sprays in the industry.
Mace Maritime pepper gel is a good example. It uses a 1.4% major capsaicinoids formula that can fire 25 feet. The pistol grip canister contains 330 grams and can empty in six seconds.
What Are The Best Personal Security Products?
There are thousands of personal security products available in the marketplace today. Many of them are the nonlethal self-defense items that are booming in popularity. A handgun continues to be the most popular lethal self-defense product. For reasons that we have discussed ad nauseam, many people do not want a lethal product in their house or on their person. It is just part of the reason why nonlethal self-defense products have become so popular.
Last week I saw one of my neighbors while we were gassing up at our local Costco store. She had a keychain in her hand and attached to it was a pepper spray. She reminded me that I had given it to her two years ago. She carries it with her wherever she goes.
She told me that her little keychain pepper spray made her feel safer and more in charge of her life, instilling a feeling of confidence.
The fact is that pepper spray, when used correctly, can be the "great equalizer"! The average male is some 5 inches taller and 30 pounds heavier than the average female. The difference in strength is typically significant as well. Pepper spray can flatten an assailant that is within the firing range almost instantly. Typical effects include difficulty breathing, inflammation of the mucus membranes, coughing and discharge, burning of the skin, involuntary shutting of the eyes and temporary blindness. The most valuable effect by far is the temporary blindness and involuntary closing of the eyes. Couple that with restricted breathing, inflammation and severe pain and you have an excellent personal security product capable of saving your life.
Our online store offers a big selection of colors, styles and price ranges from six of the most popular manufacturers of pepper sprays. We also carry many other non-lethal personal defense items.
When it comes to pepper spray or any defense item, it must be quickly accessible when you need it and you never know when you need it. So get in the habit of having it with you and ready wherever you go. Law enforcement officers carry pepper spray on their utility belt as their first line of self-defense. Why shouldn't you?
What Are The Favorite Female Self Defense Weapons?
By the time you finish reading this article an average of 8 violent crimes will have taken place throughout the United States. Every 19 seconds in America, a violent crime is committed. The majority of crimes are perpetrated against women. You have likely seen some of the statistics. College coeds have a 20% likelihood of becoming the victim of an attempted or completed sexual assault during their college career. Nearly one in four women involved in a domestic relationship are abused physically. Overall, 20% of all women, will be the target of violence at some point in their lifetime. We are very sorry about that, but it is just a fact!
That is why so many self-defense weapon manufacturers such as Taser International, Streetwise, Guard Dog, Stun Master and many others all manufacture female self defense weapons.
One of the most popular female self-defense weapons are Mace brand pepper sprays. Mace brand has been around for over 30 years making defensive sprays that set the industry standard. Mace brand pepper sprays have perhaps the widest assortment of spray patterns and formulas in the marketplace today and our online store carries them all.
Mace defensive sprays were one of the first to have a flip top safety cap that has been copied by many other manufacturers since then. They are still one of the few that has the unique contoured grip that assures that you are firing in the right direction. Each Mace pepper spray is submersed in water to test for leaks before it's packaged to ensure quality control and 100% guaranteed firing the first and every time.
If you are in the market for female self-defense weapons, our online store has one of the best selections of not only Mace brand but many other top line manufacturers.
You owe it to yourself and to the women in your life to make sure that they are protected with one of our female self-defense weapons. An assault can occur anywhere and at any time, so it's necessary to be ready! Female self-defense weapons such as pepper sprays and stun guns are a good start.
The Prevalence Of Sexual Assault Against Women On Campus
If you are the parent of a current or soon to be, female college student, then you need to listen up. The University experience is supposed to be about growth and development but it's also a place where an alarming number of female students will become victims of a sexual assault on campus.
A US Justice Department report titled "The Sexual Victimization of College Students" found that over 20 percent of college women are the victim of rape or attempted rape each year in the United States. The likelihood that a female college student will be the victim of an attempted or completed rape is 1 in 20.
Many assume that sexual assaults are crimes of opportunity committed by strangers, but this is an incorrect assumption. The Justice Department report titled "Sexual Assault on Campus: What Colleges and Universities Are Doing About It" found that over 80% of sexual assaults at colleges are perpetrated by someone known to the victim, not strangers.
Freshmen and sophomore women face a much higher prevalence of sexual assault then upperclassmen. In fact, an article titled "An Examination of Sexual Violence Against College Women" reports that of the college females reporting sexual assault over 80% occurred as underclassmen.
Young women living in a Sorority House are three times more likely to be a sex assault victim then their peers living off campus. Females living on-campus were at a higher risk, nearly two times that of those who live off-campus. This is according to a report published in the "Journal of Studies on Alcohol".
Sadly less than 5 percent of attempted or completed rapes are reported. This is according to the DOJ report "The Sexual Victimization of College Women". Many victims likely feel it was their fault. Others may feel no one will believe them. Still others, fear retaliation from the assailant.
Truth is, sexual assault is one of the most under reported crimes in America. If a sexual act was not consensual, meaning that the victim did not consent or have the capacity to consent, then sexual assault or rape occurred. The only way to reduce the prevalence of these horrific crimes is through awareness and education. It starts with you and me.
Campus Safety Pepper Gel by Sabre offers peace of mind for students and parents.
Why Are Nonlethal Personal Protection Weapons So Popular?
Nonlethal personal protection weapons are among the most popular products sold because assaults on men and women have been steadily increasing over the years. Nonlethal personal protection weapons provide a level of self-defense that is unparalleled by any other product including the lethal handgun.
At last count there were an estimated 310 million guns in the United States including 110 million rifles, 86 million shotguns and as many as 114 million handguns. The statistics come from an organization called GunPolicy.org.
It is unknown how many stun devices and pepper sprays there are in the United States because there is no registration or licensing required as there are with guns. So owning nonlethal personal protection weapons is far easier than with a lethal handgun.
Nonlethal personal protection weapons are not only easier to obtain, they are also less expensive than the lethal variety which is another reason why civilians purchase them.
Sabre brand produces pepper spray personal protection weapons that are used by law enforcement around the United States. The Crossfire MK-4 model is a good example of the quality products that they make. It contains 32 shots of half-second duration. The ballistic stream spray pattern reduces blowback and/or cross-contamination and can spray up to 20 feet away. It has a five year shelf life which is longer than most competitive pepper sprays. The expiration date is stamped on the bottom of the canister.
What makes this Crossfire Mk-4 model so popular is the fact that can be fired from any angle to increase the probability of acquiring a target successfully. It is also one of the hottest pepper sprays available with a 1.33% of major Capsaicinoid concentration.
When you are looking for personal protection weapons, Sabre brand Crossfire MK-3 and MK-4 models are among the most effective because of the flexibility in target acquisition. In a dynamic situation-the kind you and police officers are more likely to encounter-a suspect or assailant is unlikely to be standing still. Having the ability to hit a moving target from any angle will give you the edge you need to defend yourself.
Home Security Devices For Doors And Windows Stopping The Bad Guys
If you stop and think about it, there only so many ways you can break into a home if you're a burglar. Doors and windows are about it. The sad matter of the fact is that the Justice Department tells us that 30% of all burglaries happen through unlocked doors and windows. So it just makes sense to us that if you lock all your doors and windows, you're going to be way ahead of your neighbors when it comes to home security.
But if you go that extra step and install some home security devices for doors and windows, you will take a giant leap towards preventing burglary.
Home security devices for doors like a simple door stop alarm are a great way to start. It works on the age old principle of providing a wedge underneath the door to prevent it from opening. If anyone tries to open the door by force, a 120 dB alarm will sound. The alarm shuts off when pressure is released from the door stop plate.
It uses a simple 9 volt battery to power the alarm. The movement sensor on top of the door stop alarm as adjustable sensitivity. As with other home security devices for doors, the simple doorstop alarm requires no installation.
Most burglars are young kids out to prove something to fellow gang members. They are committing this crime for the first or second time according to statistics. Simple home security devices for doors or windows, a.k.a. burglar alarms, will stop most of them dead in their tracks.
Our online store has a great selection of home security devices for doors and windows as well as a huge selection of fake security cameras and other home security products. But our specialty is nonlethal self-defense products for men and women.
Realtors Fear for Safety After Abduction and Murder of Arkansas Agent Beverley Carter
More ABC news videos | ABC Entertainment News
The recent abduction and murder of Arkansas real estate agent Beverly Carter has agents everywhere living in fear for their safety. Carter vanished Thursday after showing a home in the small rural community of Scott, located in the central part of Arkansas.
Her accused killer has since been arrested and charged with capital murder, robbery and kidnapping. When asked by reporters why Carter was targeted, Lewis responded: "Because she was just a woman that worked alone — a rich broker," The Associated Press reported.
This was a tragic, senseless murder that could have been prevented. I implore every Realtor in the United States to carry a pepper spray (at the very least) with them for self defense. Pepper spray is inexpensive and very effective at stopping an attack. The effects are almost instant and causes severe inflammation of the membranes, eyes are swollen shut by the excessive tearing, the respiratory tract becomes inflamed and breathing is difficult, the capillaries of the eyes swell causing temporary blindness and there is severe, coughing, choking and wheezing, all of which will disable an assailant for up to 45 minutes.
Our sincere condolences to the Carter family. We pray that you will find closure and peace through GOD.
Here Are Some Of The Best Self Defense Products For Women
We have been in the business of supplying personal security and personal safety products for men and women for over a decade. One of the most frequently asked questions of us is 'what are the best self defense products for women?'
There is no simple answer because there are several products that are very popular. In today's world men and women are assaulted more frequently than ever before and women are assaulted nine times more often than men so women need self-defense products more frequently than men do.
That is one reason why so many self-defense product manufacturers make products that are geared towards the female market-items that are smaller, come in pink and are easy to carry.
One of the best self-defense products for women is the line of Mace brand defensive sprays. Pepper sprays have been around in one way or another since ancient Chinese warriors threw bags of hot spices at their enemies. Only since the 1980s, have modern days pepper sprays been in vogue.
Mace brand has been a leader in providing the best self-defense products for women for over three decades. They have set the standards for:
Quality-by testing each product before it's packaged to ensure reliability,
Dependability-after three decades of research and constant improvement and
Innovation-the first to use a flip top safety cap, the first to use pepper gel and the first to use a finger grip to assist in aiming.
Each Mace brand pepper spray has an expiration date stamped on the bottom of the canister to ensure that the product is functioning. They were the only manufacturer that made products specifically for states that have restrictions on pepper sprays.
Mace brand pepper sprays are just one of the many best self-defense products for women that we carry in our online store.
Home Security Products Stop Burglars In Their Tracks
Very few things stop burglars in their tracks better than home security products. Some examples of these are security cameras, fake security cameras, home security systems, motion activated alarms and window and door alarms.
When a burglar is out casing a neighborhood-looking for homes that are vulnerable-he looks for signs of home security products. Is there a sign in the front yard that warns of a vicious guard dog, for example, or a sign that warns of a home security system in place or does he see security/surveillance cameras in place on the property?
The number one thing that will stop of burglar from getting in your front door is a sound of a barking dog which is why this barking dog alarm is one of the most effective home security products available in the industry.
It uses radar wave-sense technology to sense motion through wood, plastic, glass and cement up to as much as 12 feet away and more through open areas. The detection angle is 154 degrees horizontal which is more than enough to cover the front of the house. Both the volume and sensitivity levels are adjustable. A wireless remote control can arm and disarm the system.
Here's How It Works
When an intruder approaches, the radar wave-sense technology picks up movement and the sound of an angry barking dog starts. As the intruder gets closer, the sound of the barking increases in intensity frightening away the burglar.
In study after study home security products such as the barking dog alarm have been proven to be a highly effective deterrent to home burglary.
"The Electronic Watch Dog will protect homes, apartments, mobile homes, RV's, jewelry stores, hotels, factories, warehouses, public and private buildings of virtually every kind."
This home security product operates on standard AC power with battery backup in case of power goes off. You can choose between a barking dog alarm and a chime to announce visitors or customers in a store. This barking dog requires no training or feeding making it completely maintenance free.
Why Are Self Defense Weapons For Women So Important?
The answer to that question "why are self defense weapons for women so important?" is relatively easy to answer. If you know that women are assaulted so many more times than men are you begin to see why women need self-defense weapons so much.
Just take for example the recent White House report on sexual assaults on women. That report revealed that nearly one in five women or nearly 22,000,000 have been raped in their lifetimes. The report went on to say that women of all races are targeted but some are more vulnerable than others with 33.5% of all multiracial women having been raped.
College women are particularly vulnerable with one in five women having been sexually assaulted while in college.
But the place where women are assaulted more often than any other is in the home with domestic violence. Over 25% of all women in a domestic relationship, either married or not, will be subjected to domestic abuse assault. We learned just the other day that this figure also applies to teen domestic violence.
We find these figures shocking but they help explain why self defense weapons for women have become so popular. Almost every manufacturer of self-defense products including Streetwise, Stun Master, Guard Dog and others including Taser International have been manufacturing self-defense weapons for women for years.
The female market is the largest market for self defense weapons, so it is no wonder that these manufacturers cater to them.
We have always recommended that women carry a self defense weapon with them wherever they go. These pepper spray self defense weapons for women offer a great opportunity to do that because they are small, inexpensive, easy to carry and legal in just about all jurisdictions with just a few cities and states having restrictions.
What Gives Concealed Self Defense Weapons The Edge?
Disguised or concealed self defense weapons can give you the edge you may need to survive in an assault situation. Assailants use stealth and surprise as a major component of their strategy to overcome victims. Concealed self-defense weapons actually give you the opportunity to level the playing field by using surprise against your assailant.
One of the best known and most popular concealed self-defense weapons is this three in one pen self-defense spray from Sabre brand. It combines a 10% pepper spray using oleoresin capsicum is a major ingredient, a teargas component and an ultraviolet invisible marking dye for assailant identification after the fact of an assault. It looks just like a pen but is 2 million Scoville heat unit pepper spray that contains 15 half-second sprays up to 8 feet away.
Another one of our popular concealed self-defense weapons that is made by Streetwise is this "Immobilizer" 5.5 million volt hot pink stun gun that has the look and feel of a high-end cell phone. It uses six LED lights for a flashlight that is built-in. It is only 4 inches tall so it is small enough to conceal in your hand. It has a built-in slide out charger that plugs into any standard wall outlet. There are two levels of safety built-in to this concealed self-defense weapon to prevent accidental discharge. This product has our famous no questions asked lifetime warranty.
Those are just a few examples of how concealed self-defense weapons can give you the edge. These nonlethal self-defense products are so effective that every law enforcement officer in the country carries at least one and usually two on his utility belt as his first nonlethal alternative to the deadly force of a handgun.
Long Range Pepper Spray Gun Product Review
One of the very best self defense products for any use is this long range pepper spray gun from Mace brand.
The Mace long-range pepper spray gun is especially effective against multiple assailants and dog attacks because it has enough 10% concentration of oleoresin capsicum to fire seven shots of 25 feet each or 30 short shots.
Oleoresin capsicum is the main ingredient in all pepper sprays and the 10% concentration Mace brand uses has set the standard for years in the industry.
So what is so special about the long-range pepper gun from Mace?
First of all it is the most accurate nonlethal self-defense spray in the market today because it uses a continuous ballistic stream pattern that holds up much better than competitor's sprays in windy conditions.
Secondly it has a range of 25 feet which as of this writing is still the longest range of any self-defense pepper spray in the market.
It has a trigger activated LED light which makes hitting your target easier.
It utilizes bag-in-a-can technology that enables you to fire a constant stream from any angle. The canister that holds the oleoresin capsicum is replaceable and each can has a four-year shelf life longer than any other pepper spray available.
The long range pepper spray gun comes with one water cartridge and one cartridge filled with OC. The water cartridge enables you to practice getting used to the distance of the spray because it is unlike anything you have dealt with and practice makes perfect.
This is one of the most effective tools you can get to defend yourself against dog attacks. A charging dog, no matter what size, can cover 10 or 12 feet in a heartbeat barely giving you time to react. 10 or 12 feet is the range of nearly 90% of all self-defense sprays. The 25 foot range of the long-range pepper spray gun enables you to properly react to a charging dog.
If you are in the market for an accurate long-range pepper spray gun, our store carries this one by Mace as well as other pepper spray and self-defense products all at competitive prices.
Where Are The Best And Least Expensive Self Defense Weapons For Sale?
Self defense products, a.k.a. self defense weapons, provide a nonlethal alternative to the deadly force of a handgun. Many women do not like the handgun regardless of the fact that it is an effective self-defense option. Users should get training and have the appropriate permits including licenses to use them. Women don't like the idea of killing someone for stealing her purse, for example.
Self-defense weapons have been used by military and law enforcement personnel for years with great success. As recently as the incident and Ferguson, Missouri all manner of nonlethal self-defense weapons were used for crowd control including teargas, batons and stun grenades.
The effectiveness of self-defense weapons is without question. The most effective of them all is the Taser gun which is nearly 100% successful. Pepper sprays and other stun devices are close to 90% effective.
Part of the reason that self-defense weapons have become so popular is because so many independent distributors have gotten into the business. Each one of them promotes their products and their website. Conservatively we estimate that there are close to 2,000 independent distributors that have self-defense weapons for sale.
The choices are huge not only for which distributor you should purchase from, but also which weapons to get. For most people, customer service, selection and price are the major considerations when they are looking for self defense weapons for sale.
Our online store has been in business for over a decade and has firmly established itself as a trusted source of information on these products with a great selection of the widest variety of manufacturers all at extremely competitive prices.
If you are in the market for nonlethal self-defense products such as stun guns, pepper sprays, self-defense DVDs and other products for home security and personal safety, our store provides the best resource for self-defense weapons for sale. What are you waiting for? Get some today!!


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Kentucky's Response to Obesity
State Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Profile
Download State Profile [PDF – 426KB]
Adult Overweight and Obesity
Among Kentucky's adults age 18 and over 1
- 66.2% were overweight, with a Body Mass Index of 25 or greater
- 31.3% were obese, with a Body Mass Index of 30 or greater
Adolescent Overweight and Obesity 2
Among Kentucky's adolescents in grades 9 through 12 2
- 15.6% were overweight (≥ 85th and < 95th percentiles for BMI by age and sex)
- 17.6% were obese (≥95th percentile BMI by age and sex)
Child Overweight and Obesity
Among Kentucky's children aged 2 years to less than 5 years 3
- 16.0% were overweight (85th to < 95th percentile BMI-for-Age)
- 15.6% were obese (≥ 95th percentile BMI-for-Age)
For more detailed data on rates of fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity and breastfeeding, please see Kentucky's State Profile [PDF –426KB].
- CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: Prevalence and Trend Data – Overweight and Obesity, U.S. Obesity Trends, Trends by State 2010. Available online at http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/
- CDC, Division of Adolescent and School Health. The 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Available online at http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/index.htm
- CDC, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity. 2010 Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System. Available online at http://www.cdc.gov/pednss/pednss_tables/
Contact Us:
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Rd
Atlanta, GA 30333
24 Hours/Every Day
- Contact CDC-INFO

subset: commoncrawl


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<ac:macro ac:name="unmigrated-inline-wiki-markup"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[
<ac:macro ac:name="unmigrated-inline-wiki-markup"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[
This is a proposal to add to Zend_Validate classes the ability to specify error messages.
Zend Framework: Zend_Validate error messages Component Proposal
Proposed Component Name
Zend_Validate error messages
Developer Notes
http://framework.zend.com/wiki/display/ZFDEV/Zend_Validate error messages
Bill Karwin
1.1 - 13 May 2007: Initial write-up. (wiki revision: 11)
Table of Contents
1. Overview
2. References
3. Component Requirements, Constraints, and Acceptance Criteria
<ac:macro ac:name="unmigrated-inline-wiki-markup"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[
This is a proposal to add to Zend_Validate classes the ability to specify error messages.
This is a proposal to add to Zend_Validate classes the ability to specify error messages.
4. Dependencies on Other Framework Components
- Zend_Exception
5. Theory of Operation
This solution requires a change to Zend_Validate classes, to store error messages in a class member instead of in hard-coded text as the error conditions are met. Since the messages are stored, their value can be changed.
Since a given validator class can generate more than one message, the interface to change a value of a messages requires that the messages be identifiable. We use a string key to identify the error message. Then the developer can change the value using a method setMessage($messageText, $key). The $key argument is optional, and defaults the first message stored in the class. This makes usage easy if the validator is simple enough to have only one message.
There is also a method setMessages(array) so you can pass an associative array to set all messages by key.
When the validator's isValid() method returns false, you can call getMessages() in the familiar way to get one or more messages related to the failure. This returns either message text that the developer specified in the setMessage() method.
In addition, this proposal provides a new method getErrors() which returns an array of strings which are taken from the key values of the associative array. Thus the validator can return both developer-specified messages, and standard key strings.
6. Milestones / Tasks
- Milestone 1: design notes will be published here
- Milestone 2: Working prototype checked into the incubator supporting use cases #1, #2, ...
- Milestone 3: Working prototype checked into the incubator supporting use cases #3 and #4.
- Milestone 4: Unit tests exist, work, and are checked into SVN.
- Milestone 5: Initial documentation exists.
7. Class Index
- Zend_Validate_Abstract
- Zend_Validate_<All>
8. Use Cases
Using a single validate class, overriding the message, and re-running the validation.
Usage from proposed Zend_Filter_Input.
This is a sample of utilizing Zend_Validate_Abstract.
9. Class Skeletons]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:macro>]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:macro>
May 14, 2007

This is a fairly intelligent solution. It makes the error messages in the validators overridable, which is a big improvement. However, my major qualm with this approach is the fact that it doesn't really encourage removing the error messages from the validators completely.

I believe that the error messages should be strictly confined to the View layer of the MVC paradigm; that's just my philosophical stance on the issue. Providing the user-settable error handler function, as I mentioned in the Zend_Validate_Builder proposal, has a couple of advantages:

Separates the two distinct responsibilities of error message management and data validation

Allows the two separated responsibilities to remain loosely coupled and still work together

Does not require Controllers to know the error messages

Allowing error messages to live outside of validators would be a boon to i18n efforts

Implementing this in the current validators would take approximately the same amount of work as implementing the changes proposed here

By the time I get done with the Zend_Validate_Builder proposal, there will be a few examples of this usage within the Use Cases code. Hopefully that will illustrate what I'm talking about a bit better.

May 14, 2007

It probably should be mentioned here that the purpose of the validation messages produced by classes implementing Zend_Validate_Interface is simply to indicate to the application the specific reason(s) why a particular datum fails the encapsulated validity tests. These validation messages are completely separate from messages that an application user sees, unless a developer specifically codes it that way.

For example, consider an instance of Zend_Validate_Between, having a minimum of 10 and a maximum of 20. Assuming that the validation is performed inclusively, any given input datum may fail validation for either of the following two reasons:

the input datum is less than 10

the input datum is greater than 20

Zend_Validate_Between does not know whether or not such a distinction is important to its consumer, so it provides the distinction through the validation messages.

Given that it may be important to the consumer to know the particular reason that a validation failed, having a class constant to identify each possible message would facilitate branching, logging, and statistical reporting while also supporting code completion by editors.

May 14, 2007

I have updated the proposed code so that both the immutable "reason" for the error (in the form of the key of the $_messageTemplates) is available, in addition to the user-specified message text.

A given validator class can provide class constants if desired.

I think there's a disconnect in the requirements, though: Darby, you and Bryce are saying (and I agree) that the app developer should not use the error message returned by the validator verbatim, but the developer should use the state (pass/fail) returned by isValid() and then implement their own application-specific output. I think this is a preferable practice, but the continuing demand for Zend_Validate classes to allow the developer to override the message clearly shows that this is not how people want to use the class.

They want the validator class to return the exact message to display in the app. They don't want a callback, and they don't want to implement it themselves. I think for the sake of the "extreme simplicity" goal of Zend Framework, that we should provide this functionality.

May 15, 2007

I appreciate what you're saying, Bill. You're in a much better position to gauge the "demand" for any particular feature of the framework than I.

I don't really have a problem with the validators having default error messages that are overrideable. But I really think that the most important aspect of the errors raised in the validators is the direct reason itself. It seems to me that the framework should be designed in such a way as to at least allow the developer to not rely on the default error messages. That is, the message part should be optional, and the reason key should be required, and what the internal framework code relies upon.

As an aside, where do you guys think that the error messages should live? I feel like the Controllers shouldn't ever even know about the error messages, that they are strictly a View concern. Developers wanting to override the error messages at the time they create validators are most likely going to have hard-coded error messages throughout their Controller code. To me, that seems like a bad practice to encourage, and would make thinks like i18n very difficult. Another, perhaps conflicting, ZF goal is to encourage best practices, right?

May 15, 2007

I have updated the sample code above to show some usage of a getErrors() method. When a validator fails, it sets the errors to an array of strings, which are keys of the $_messageTemplates array. These strings are defined in the class, and cannot be overridden. So this provides both a developer-configurable solution for overriding messages, as well as an immutable solution.

I have also shown how the custom error messages can be set using the proposed Zend_Filter_Input solution. I have this coded and unit tested, I'm just waiting for approval of this proposal to commit.

May 16, 2007

I can understand why error messages are hell bent on being integrated into the Validate classes, but I really don't agree with it. The more focus this gets, the more the classes are being pushed into that corner. A lot of the user expectation is based on previous iterations - not current proposals for a better way. If messages stay then we're effectively giving the validator classes a dual role.

It's not a good way of handling user defined messages. A validator need only return a boolean, and offer an interface to collect other information useful in composing errors. If you need access to passed in values use the original array (or allow something in the validator class itself). If you need ranges from the Validator (e.g. params to Zend_Validate_Between) object maybe set the parameters as public fields (any reason not to?) and use get_object_vars(). The more data is accessible, the easier it is to apply i18n using a translation object and sprintf() externally.

sprintf() leads onto the proposed %value% syntax for str_replace. I might have read this wrong (happens unfortunately <ac:emoticon ac:name="sad" />). Take an example of Zend_Validate_Between. Where do I specify the second value? What if a custom validator takes three or more parameters, all needing substitution into the message? What if I later edit a message, with three substituted values, and need to change the substitution order? Knowing the parameter order before hand, sprintf() can allow all of those since its placeholders specify order placement.

As an aside, where do you guys think that the error messages should live? I feel like the Controllers shouldn't ever even know about the error messages, that they are strictly a View concern. Developers wanting to override the error messages at the time they create validators are most likely going to have hard-coded error messages throughout their Controller code. To me, that seems like a bad practice to encourage, and would make thinks like i18n very difficult. Another, perhaps conflicting, ZF goal is to encourage best practices, right?

Controllers and Views are in the same layer of the application. Granted there is separations for obvious reasons, but sometimes it's just not realistic. I certainly don't want Validator objects swimming around in the View.

Does Controller based messaging make i18n more difficult? Maybe a bit. Depends on how you approach it. The simplest is just to strip the messages to a separate configuration file as a list of translation keys (i.e. sprintf formatted with placeholders). Then all the controller need do is worry about passing the right string, from the configuration, to a suitable translation object - from there the View is a step away.

Of course I go configuration crazy on everything <ac:emoticon ac:name="smile" />. I would love to see a Factory for creating and confuring Validator/Filter objects from an XML/YAML definition. It's inevitable either you guys propose such, or I do <ac:emoticon ac:name="wink" />.

Sorry for the overly long comment!

May 17, 2007

I agree - the validation error messages should be application-driven, not validator-driven. However, this idea has not been embraced by people who want to use the validator component.

The question of how to override the error messages has come up several times on the mailing lists. We answer that one should just use the boolean result and create application-specific messages yourself. This suggestion has been rejected several times. People want to specify their error messages in a declarative way, not by writing code in callback functions.

So this proposal is trying to give a solution to the usage that people expect. The guiding principle of Zend Framework is "extreme simplicity". If we can employ best practices along the way, that's great, but as I understand it, the priority is on simplicity.

Regarding your point about sprintf(), it seems easier to use the str_replace() solution, since this does not require that the developer knows anything about the order of parameters. A sprintf() solution does require this. I implemented the str_replace() solution with syntax similar to the message template format in Zend_Log.

The message identifiers, as well as the keys that can be used in a given validator, must be defined in the validator class. Then you can use them in the error message, for example:

<ac:macro ac:name="code"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[
$btwn = new Zend_Validate_Between(1, 12);
$btwn->setMessage('Value %value% must be between %min% and %max%', 'notBetween');

Regarding XML, Andi has made it clear many times that any proposal to the Zend Framework involving the use of an XML configuration file will be auto-rejected. <ac:emoticon ac:name="smile" /> This is a design decision that resists the extreme complexity caused by using XML files in things like J2EE and Spring.

Regarding driving the validator/filter logic from a config spec, the Zend_Filter_Input design I've been working on provides a way to represent the filter/validator rules as data, in the form of a PHP array definition. This is pretty much equivalent to storing the rules in a config file, and one could in fact do that.

Also, the Zend_Filter_Input class does provide the equivalent of a Factory pattern, even though it doesn't have a method called factory(). It creates instances of filters and validators based on data in that array. Yesterday I added support for declaring objects with their arguments, so there's almost no need to use "new" anymore.

May 22, 2007

I'd like to propose a new interface method, hasError($value). It would be the antithesis to isValid. It will return false if the value is valid, otherwise it will return the reason(s) code for failure.

One call to validate and obtain reason.

<ac:macro ac:name="code"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[
if ($reason = $validator->hasError($value))
// failure

The purpose of such a change would allow building a class like Zend_Validate_Builder or Zend_Filter_Input that could instantiate one Zend_Validate_? class and use it across multiple fields. Also, I like the aspect of pushing the responsibility of error messages out to a parent class.

May 22, 2007

This seems like a nice simplification to the API, and it should improve performance as a nice side effect.

May 23, 2007
<ac:macro ac:name="note"><ac:parameter ac:name="title">Zend Comment</ac:parameter><ac:rich-text-body>

This proposed solution is approved for development.

Please make a solution for both developer-specified messages and immutable error identifiers.

Please make getters for parameters that can be included in messages, so they can be accessed as properties.

Please make a method to access error identifiers, in addition to error messages.

Feb 11, 2008
<ac:macro ac:name="unmigrated-wiki-markup"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[ $project_title = $_POST['project_title'];
// Create a validator chain and add validators to it
$validatorChain = new Zend_Validate();
$validatorChain->addValidator(new Zend_Validate_StringLength(3, 100))
->addValidator(new Zend_Validate_Alnum());
// Validate the username
if (!$validatorChain->isValid($project_title))Unknown macro: { print join('
', $validatorChain->getMessages()); }
It will be better to have the field name that the validator is checking because if you have 5-10 fields you will know how to relate error messages.]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:macro>
Feb 11, 2008
<ac:macro ac:name="unmigrated-wiki-markup"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[This is crazy. Why the Wiki does not have edit enabled ?
It gives me Macro not found when I try to use join....
$project_title = $_POST['project_title'];
// Create a validator chain and add validators to it
$validatorChain = new Zend_Validate();
$validatorChain->addValidator(new Zend_Validate_StringLength(3, 100))
->addValidator(new Zend_Validate_Alnum());
// Validate the username
if (!$validatorChain->isValid($project_title))Unknown macro: { var_dump($validatorChain->getMessages()); }
It will be better to have the field name that the validator is checking because if you have 5-10 fields you will know how to relate error messages.]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:macro>


text:
Tribute, it should be a relatively small loss of threat, and if I was seeing right, the most recent push on the PTR bumped the threat scaling on RS a little to counter this.
don't think it's a bad thing either...
Just that mechanic from runic strike is concerning me then.
As a DK-Tank I'm a little worried if that could outclass me in threat terms...because my experiences are, that without my runic strike I can't hold aggro, and some of my DDs are just a little shot under me, regardless which encounter. And I personally don't want to be overgeared as hell, to be able to manage holding threat... :-/
Tribute, it should be a relatively small loss of threat, and if I was seeing right, the most recent push on the PTR bumped the threat scaling on RS a little to counter this.
The (Old) Book on Death Knight Tanking
The New Testament on Death Knight Tanking
Excellent information. Thank you to the OP for the well written explanation on this subject.
There is something so appealing about backhanding someone across the face with a shield.
Thanks for taking the time to type all that out. People who are extremely against such an effect take the time to experience it from a healing perspective too. Many fights with people over "healers do your job" when the fact simply was nothing can be done, it just happens.
Here's my question, and forgive me if it's been asked twenty times over.. Does this emphasize on Parry? At least for a Death Knight Tank? Come to think of it.. if a normal HIT on a tank was 10,000.. a dodge is 0, what becomes of a parry?
The value of parry over dodge does not change at all. The gains of adding avoidance are not affected by the Icecrown Radiance.
So I rather enjoyed in ICC 25 man tonight having Marrowgar hitting me for 12-15k. Such a breath of fresh air after Gormok.
Was that in 25 man ? my healers could not keep my up in 10 man when i was MTing taking way to much damage getting hit most of the time for 12-19k 4 times in 2secs . How are other Death knights finding this i was looking forward to ICC and still am the bits we have not cleared in 25?
Last night had be a bit stumped though we had to get a lesser geared Warrior to MT the 10 man we did after the 25 man as i was dieing way to fast in the 10man when MTing.
Havx | <Tasty Beverage> | US Alliance | Bleeding Hollow
I, too, enjoyed the feeling of ICC.
Things were hitting hard enough that it still felt like healing was really needed, if not immediately urgent to never miss a GCD, but at the same time, my health wasn't rocketing full to empty full to empty, not even half and back.
The (Old) Book on Death Knight Tanking
The New Testament on Death Knight Tanking
I also enjoyed ICC. Finally a "proper" raid instance
Healthwise i always felt very comfortable, not a care in the world really. As for TPS i was pleasantly surprised considering i was so worried about the 20% dodge loss.
We switched and he was about to soak the dame allot easier then the Death knight (me) . again it is possible it was maybe lag or something but my healers were saying they were finding it very hard to heal me through the entire instance.
Id like to see if there are ways around this but more then that how other Death Knights tank and felt they were taking the damage inc vs other tanking classes , looking at combat i didn't dodge once in most fight just parry.
I was still rocking about 10% dodge with raid buffs, so it happened, just less often than parries.
We saw no real difference between healing myself or my Prot warrior counterpart.
The (Old) Book on Death Knight Tanking
The New Testament on Death Knight Tanking
The World of Warcraft Armory There ya go Vah my armoury link.
Satorri i was @ 10% dodge buffed too in there but didn't notice too many if any dodges ill have a look over the combat logs , again i like the instance but i just felt my health was getting hammered at times maybe it is just getting used to it compared to the other instances.
Saberlash feels good and stingy.
Spammed 12k ouchies, and 24k if the tanks get too far apart.
The (Old) Book on Death Knight Tanking
The New Testament on Death Knight Tanking
Theo, they repeat that phrase almost every other week since patch 2.4
/agree with Satorri


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Tiered Dot Print Top: A favorite silhouette now in a new print! Layer this sleeveless blouse under your favorite cardigan or wear it on its own.
Read what customers are saying about this product:
Rating: 2.75 out of 4 votes cast
Pretty, but two problems
I really like the way this top looks, but I definitely agree that it needs a zipper or button opening because it is hard to get on and almost impossible to get off. The second problem I'm having is that the ruffles are hemmed with the raw-edge exposed underneath, so there are always loose threads popping out. I'm sure this will effect durability. Overall, I would not recommend this top.
Mt. Vernon, TX
Cute, but too big
I ordered the next size up based on reviews, and the top is too big! Now it's too late because I hate to spend the money to return/exchange it.
Murrieta, CA
"Happy Customer"
Very pretty top nice and summery. I agree with the 1st reviewer it does need a zipper or button opening. I decided to keep it because it's pretty.I ordered the carribean/blue color perfect with a pair of white or navy color blue jeans.
Baton Rouge, LA
Too hard to get on
This top is cute and I would love to keep it, but putting it on and taking it off is darn near impossible. I'm a small and once I wiggled it over my shoulders and (not so big) chest it fit great. However, I needed my husband to help pull it over my head to get it off. There definitely needs to be a zipper in the side seam on this garment.
Wausau, WI
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Staffordshire decorated bone china mug by designer Jacky Al-Samarraie.
Part of a range of mugs featuring contemporary landscapes from the beautiful Yorkshire countryside. Jacky uses simple silhouettes and blocks of vibrant colour in this unique range.
Screen Printed.
Comes boxed.
Coasters and table mats are also available.
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Chicago race is convenient, but Boston Marathon granddaddy of them all
BY MITCH DUDEK Staff Reporter email@example.com October 5, 2012 8:04PM
Sharon Cherop, Wesley Korir
Related Stories
Updated: October 6, 2012 9:18PM
If the world's five major marathons gathered around a campfire to listen to stories, Chicago, London, New York and Berlin would sit cross legged as Boston held court.
Boston is 116 years old — a grandfatherly figure compared to London, 32, Chicago, 35, Berlin, 39 and New York, 42.
And with age, comes prestige. Boston maintains grueling qualifying times, drawing top runners from around the world to tackle its hilly terrain — and offers the biggest individual purse: $150,000. Spectators number about 500,000, including many locals who have the third Monday in April off due to Patriots' Day. Some 21,554 out of 27,000 registered runners finished the 2012 Marathon.
New York's uneven, twisty roads through Central Park and five boroughs counted 36,705 finishers out of about 50,000 registered runners this year — among them were a small field of pros seeking its top prize of $130,000. Big apple spectators number about 2 million.
"Boston and New York are for more experienced runners who know the nuances of uphill and downhill sections," said Bank of America Chicago Marathon race director Carey Pinkowski.
Chicago's flat roads pass through 29 neighborhoods and its first-come-first-serve registration process counted 35,755 finishers out of a full boat of 45,000 registrants last year. It draws the second most spectators: 1.7 million, and its $100,000 purse is third largest.
"In Chicago you get first-time athletes that run with success, as well as track athletes with great athletic success that can test their marathon endurance here," said Pinkowski.
"Chicago is the most convenient of the races," said Pinkowski. "Because it's in October, runners can train in the spring and summer and avoid the snow, ice and cold. Berlin and NYC are like that, too. But Boston and London are in the spring, which can translate to a lot of winter training on the treadmill," said Pinkowski.
"Plus, Chicago's start and finish lines are right next to each other. Berlin is the only other one like that. And Chicago is very accessible. You can reach nine course locations using the" Chicago Transit Authority, said Pinkowski.
Celebrities trying to tackle 26.2 miles are mostly drawn to New York (P. Diddy, Anthony "E.R." Edwards and Lance Armstrong) and London (Gordon Ramsey). Oprah Winfrey has never run the Chicago Marathon (but she did run the Marine Corps Marathon in Washington, D.C., in 1994).
Berlin had 32,977 finishers out of 40,000 registered runners last year at its mostly flat course that starts and finishes near the Brandenburg Gate. The course was limited to West Berlin before 1990. Like Chicago, Berlin hosts an open registration. About one million spectators turn out for the race, which has a $57,000 purse.
London's mostly flat course leads past Buckingham Palace and Big Ben and also draws about one million race spectators. There were 36,705 finishers out of 37,500 registered runners this year at the London Marathon.


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January 9, 2013 to March 27, 2013 – Online Online! Take this course from anywhere! 3.3 CEU - This course leads students through the basic steps of how to create, modify, measure, dimension, and print 2D design elements using AutoCAD. Students… Organized by Amanda Wesley | Type: class, online, ceu
February 24, 2013 to May 20, 2013 – Lisse The Netherlands Visit our show at the Keukenhof with a large selection of our flower bulbs. Tulips, Hyacinths, Daffodils and small bulbs. Flower bulbs experts on hand during the show. Stop in and enjoy the beauty o… Organized by TonsofTulips-Holland | Type: visit, our, showgarden, in, the, keukenhof
March 2, 2013 to September 9, 2013 – Pasadena, CA; Los Angeles, San Francisco, Yosemite National Park Come join Richard Scott this year in one of his great graphics classes. See his website for a list of classes and times. I can personally attest to any of you interested in learning great graphic c… Organized by Brandon Reed | Type: color, mastery, accurate, freehand, perspective, sketching, on, location, water


text:
Kempinas has long been fascinated by magnetic tape and it's transformative properties. Its ability to be strong and delicate at the same time, dark and imposing at one angle and nearly invisible at another, creates a drama and dichotomy out of an everyday material that is not only overlooked but is quickly becoming obsolete.
"I am attracted to things that are capable of transcending their own banality and materiality to become something else," he said. An earlier piece by the artist also explores tape's abilities. Exhibited in France and at MoMA in New York, Double O features two large fans blowing on two loops of film, keeping them afloat and making them appear to dance in mid-air between the fans.
TUBE creates an environment that is at the same time open and enclosed. Visitors can easily break through the tape but are instead mesmerized by the patterns of light and movement captured in their surroundings. The material's translucent and ephemeral nature is even more striking in the context of the 16th-century architecture of the Lithuanian Pavilion at the 2009 Venice Biennale. The tape, while no longer part of a video, creates a new story and memory for each visitor.
via Design Milk and Triangularblog
1 Comment
Pyrrhon Artlover January 17, 2014 at 6:42 am
This artist is amazing… I found a great clip of Žilvinas Kempinas famous Double O creation in Art Days, here is the link! http://www.art-days.com/zilvinas-kempinas-double/ Enjoy!
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2014 Cadenza is Kia's take on the Hyundai Azera
by Steven J. Ewing (RSS feed) on Jan 15th, 2013 at 11:15AM
No, this is not the oh-so pleasantly named Quoris rear-wheel-drive flagship sedan – this is Kia's new front-drive entry into the North American market, the Cadenza. (If that sounds familiar, it's because Kia has long used the Cadenza name in other markets.) And while it's a sharp-looking thing, it's not exactly an original masterpiece. Peel away that slick exterior and you'll find a trusty Hyundai Azera doing the grunt work. That's no bad thing, though; the Azera's a smooth-sailing sedan. Under the hood is a 3.3-liter direct-injection V6 putting out 293 horsepower and 255 pound-feet... Read More


text:
Virtual Users And Domains With Postfix, Courier, MySQL And SquirrelMail (Fedora 13 x86_64) - Page 2
Submitted by falko (Contact Author) (Forums) on Sun, 2010-06-27 17:59. ::
6 Set MySQL Passwords And Configure phpMyAdmin
Start MySQL:
chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on
Then set passwords for the MySQL root account:
[root@server1 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
Now we configure phpMyAdmin. We change the Apache configuration so that phpMyAdmin allows connections not just from localhost (by commenting out the <Directory /usr/share/phpMyAdmin/> stanza):
vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf
Then we create the system startup links for Apache and start it:
chkconfig --levels 235 httpd on
Now you can direct your browser to http://server1.example.com/phpMyAdmin/ or http://192.168.0.100/phpMyAdmin/ and log in with the user name root and your new root MySQL password.
7 Create The MySQL Database For Postfix/Courier
We create a database called mail:
mysqladmin -u root -p create mail
Next, we go to the MySQL shell:
mysql -u root -p
On the MySQL shell, we create the user mail_admin with the passwort mail_admin_password (replace it with your own password) who has SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE privileges on the mail database. This user will be used by Postfix and Courier to connect to the mail database:
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON mail.* TO 'mail_admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mail_admin_password';
Still on the MySQL shell, we create the tables that Postfix and Courier need:
USE mail;
CREATE TABLE domains (
CREATE TABLE forwardings (
CREATE TABLE users (
CREATE TABLE transport (
As you may have noticed, with the quit; command we have left the MySQL shell and are back on the Linux shell.
The domains table will store each virtual domain that Postfix should receive emails for (e.g. example.com).
The forwardings table is for aliasing one email address to another, e.g. forward emails for firstname.lastname@example.com to email@example.com.
The users table stores all virtual users (i.e. email addresses, because theemail address and user name is the same) and passwords (in encrypted form!) and a quota value for each mail box (in this example the default value is 10485760 bytes which means 10MB).
The transport table is optional, it is for advanced users. It allows to forward mails for single users, whole domains or all mails to another server. For example,
would forward all emails for example.com via the smtp protocol to the server with the IP address 184.108.40.206 (the square brackets [] mean "do not make a lookup of the MX DNS record" (which makes sense for IP addresses...). If you use a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) instead you would not use the square brackets.).
8 Configure Postfix
Now we have to tell Postfix where it can find all the information in the database. Therefore we have to create six text files. You will notice that I tell Postfix to connect to MySQL on the IP address 127.0.0.1 instead of localhost. This is because Postfix is running in a chroot jail and does not have access to the MySQL socket which it would try to connect if I told Postfix to use localhost. If I use 127.0.0.1 Postfix uses TCP networking to connect to MySQL which is no problem even in a chroot jail (the alternative would be to move the MySQL socket into the chroot jail which causes some other problems).
Now let's create our six text files.
vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_domains.cf
vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_forwardings.cf
vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_mailboxes.cf
vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_email2email.cf
vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_transports.cf
vi /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf
chmod o= /etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_*.cf
Now we create a user and group called vmail with the home directory /home/vmail. This is where all mail boxes will be stored.
groupadd -g 5000 vmail
Next we do some Postfix configuration. Go sure that you replace server1.example.com with a valid FQDN, otherwise your Postfix might not work properly!
postconf -e 'myhostname = server1.example.com'
Afterwards we create the SSL certificate that is needed for TLS:
cd /etc/postfix
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]: <-- Enter your Country Name (e.g., "DE").
Then change the permissions of the smtpd.key:
chmod o= /etc/postfix/smtpd.key
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Hokendauqua - 535Join this group
Chapter Website: hokendauqua.tu.org
Chapter Email: firstname.lastname@example.com...
Chapter Contacts
Chapter President: David Abraham
blog BY churem ON April 14 - 1 COMMENTSHokendauqua Chapter Coplay Creek Project
WCO Lee Creyer had informed the Hokendauqua Chapter of Trout Unlimited that the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission (PF&BC) was to have a meeting within the Hokendauqua Park and Playground Association (HPPA) at 11:30 a.m. on Tuesday, March 12. The main entrance to the park is in the... [ READ MORE... ]
discussion BY churem ON April 11 - 0 COMMENTSNew Joint Lehigh Valley Chapters Calendar
Posted in Monocacy - 491, Hokendauqua - 535, Little Lehigh - 070, Forks of the Delaware - 482, Pennsylvania - 9PA, Joint Lehigh Valley Chapters
Working on a new calendar for the joint chapters. Uses Google Calendar. Presently the Monocacy and Hokendauqua Chapters are on it. If it is favorable to the Little Lehigh and the Forks of the Delaware Chapers we will distribute it. It will be available to embed on your website or just have a link... [ READ MORE... ]
discussion BY churem ON April 1 - 0 COMMENTSHokendauqua Chapter Discussions
Until further notice to view all of the Hokendauqua Chapter Discussions go to the Message Boards page on the chapter website at: http://hokendauqua.tu.org/chapter/discussions
blog BY churem ON March 3 - 1 COMMENTSHokendauqua Chapter Trout in the Classroom
Currently the only TIC program we are supporting is held at the Catasauqua High School. The program is run by Mrs. Janet Schmitt. She has been running the program for many years before we started supporting it. We also do a First Cast Program where we assist her with Fly Tying and Fly Casting... [ READ MORE... ]
blog BY bearcrkcutt1 ON February 10 - 0 COMMENTSHokendauqua Chapter Project Healing Waters
Project Healing Waters Fly Fishing, Inc. is dedicated to the physical and emotional rehabilitation of disabled active duty military personnel and veterans through fly fishing and fly tying education and outings. The organization was founded in 2005 by a corps of dedicated local volunteers,... [ READ MORE... ]
blog BY churem ON January 16 - 1 COMMENTSHokendauqua Chapter Annual Fly Tying Classes
Hokendauqua Chapter annually runs a consecutive eight week Beginner's Fly Tying Class. Two flies a week are demonstrated starting with a very basic fly and ending with a more advanced fly. With the basics taught in the classes the students should have the ability to tie almost any pattern they can... [ READ MORE... ]
photo BY bearcrkcutt1 ON January 12 - 0 COMMENTSFTC3
photo BY bearcrkcutt1 ON January 12 - 0 COMMENTSFTC2
photo BY bearcrkcutt1 ON January 12 - 4 COMMENTS1st Fly Tying Class


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What's So Special About Humans?
When the first abolitionists declared that slaves should be freed, their opponents argued that blacks were the property of their owners and giving them rights would cripple the American economy. The arguments were different when the suffragists demanded rights for women, but the predictions were the same: The economy, and perhaps civilization itself, would crumble if their rights were recognized.
Today, similar claims are being made about a new effort to expand rights. But the recipients of these rights are not human beings—they're animals and ecosystems. Advocates from Pennsylvania to Bolivia are using ancient traditions, new scientific research, and a growing body of legal scholarship to argue that society can and should recognize these rights.
Ecuador's new constitution formally recognizes the rights of nature, and more than 100 municipalities in the United States have enacted ordinances giving citizens the ability to file lawsuits on behalf of natural resources and ecosystems. Meanwhile, in 2008, activists in Spain came within a hair's breadth of gaining legal recognition for the rights of great apes, and an international coalition of scientists and philosophers is urging policymakers worldwide to recognize a draft declaration of rights for whales and dolphins.
Proponents of rights for nonhumans acknowledge that they are raising complicated issues. How many trees, for instance, can be taken from a forest before the logging constitutes an impediment to the ecosystem's right to "flourish"? The details won't be entirely clear until they are worked out in court over decades.
But one thing is certain—granting rights to animals and ecosystems would mean big changes in property law. While U.S. animal-cruelty laws have protected certain animals from abuse since the Animal Welfare Act of 1966, those laws still maintain that animals are property. And just try telling a corporation that local communities should have a say in what the company does with its land. Granting rights to animals and ecosystems would transform them into something resembling people in the eyes of the law, with huge impacts on how communities and corporations interact with nature.
Letting Communities Decide
The idea that nature should have legal standing has been around since at least 1972, when law professor Chris Stone wrote a pioneering article about it. For more than 20 years the idea remained pure theory, until a Pennsylvania environmental group decided to use it as a way of balancing out the overwhelming weight of corporate rights.
Since 1995, Thomas Linzey and his colleagues at the Community Environmental Legal Defense Fund (CELDF) have been helping rural and blue-collar communities fight corporate drilling and mining permits that threatened to contaminate their land and water. Corporations wanted to use rural Pennsylvania as a "sacrifice zone" of toxic industrial practices like drilling for natural gas and dumping toxic sludge, says Mari Margil, CELDF's associate director.
But each time a community won in court, the corporation involved would resubmit the permit and eventually come out on top. The law was tipped in favor of corporations because it treated them as people whose rights to do what they wanted with their property trumped the rights of communities to enjoy clean land and water. One way to change that, CELDF realized, was to convince local governments—and, eventually, the courts—that local ecosystems had rights of their own.
"The people who adopt these pioneering kinds of laws are not what you would call environmentalists or activists," Margil says. "They're people who want to protect their community."
Tom Gerhard, for instance, is a 54-year-old truck driver and the chair of the board of supervisors for Packer Township. He heard about these ordinances after a supervisor from a nearby town saw pallets of sewage sludge on a farm in Packer. She told Gerhard how her own community had banned the sludge, and he was on the phone with members of CELDF a few days later.
The decision to pass an ordinance was simple, Gerhard says, because the sludge could contaminate the Still Creek reservoir, an important source of drinking water for Packer Township.
The sludge "contains pharmaceutical supplies, human waste, basically anything you might put in your drain," Gerhard says. And even though the corporation that brought it from New Jersey markets the sludge as fertilizer, it didn't sell it to the farmer—it paid him to take it.
Packer Township passed an ordinance in June 2008 that banned application of sludge and recognized the rights of nature. Gerhard soon heard from the state's Attorney General, who threatened to sue the Township for interfering with "normal agricultural operations." While other towns backed down under pressure, Packer stood firm and has been sludge-free ever since.
"We're the first township in Pennsylvania to beat the Attorney General in round one," Gerhard says, the pride clear in his voice. "Without clean air or water, we don't survive."
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Shop Our Family of Brands
Few can resist the appeal of a brand new baby, and for good reason. Celebrate new life when you send baby shower gifts from Shari's Berries! Find special sweets that announce "It's a Boy!" and "It's a Girl!", along with tasty congratulation gifts and baskets packed full of newborn essentials. The baby gifts & baby shower gifts found here aren't just for new parents, though. The host or hostess can browse our selection find baby shower gifts for guests, too. Everything gathered here among our online baby shower gift ideas will surely bring on the oohs and aahs – prepare for an overload of adorableness!
Floral bouquets are a beautiful sentiment, but parents-to-be might already be overwhelmed with a house full of baby supplies. A cookie delivery is the perfect alternative. This unique treat features decadent butter crème cookies, hand decorated in a medley of baby-friendly shapes. Two cookies are shaped and iced to look like rattles, and two look like baby bottles. A bib shaped cookie is frosted to read "Cutie Pie", and a small pacifier shaped cookie sits front and center. The main attraction, though, is a round cookie that declares either "It's a Boy!" or "It's a Girl!"; cookie bouquets come in blue themes for boys, and pink themes for girls. Many new parents want to announce their baby's gender in a dramatic way, and this bouquet will do the trick. Make it the centerpiece of the shower décor, and wait for guests to notice that you have a mini him or her on the way! These bouquets can also be purchased and presented as birthday gifts for the literal birth-day, or included gift basket for dad and mom.
There's another impossibly sweet present that simply must be present at the shower for expecting mom or dad – our signature hand-dipped berries. Out-of-towners can send chocolate strawberries by mail, so pregnant parents only have to go as far as the doorstep to acquire this indulgent treat. You can also buy strawberries to bring along to the shower. We think they work particularly well as baby shower gifts for guests, though. They're perfect as thank you gifts for all of the time, attention, and gifts that loved ones have lavished upon you. Choose from baby boy berries (blue) or baby girl berries (pink). Each half or full dozen set has berries dipped in dark and milk confection, then adorned with either tiny polka dots or swizzles. Two tone berries – dipped first blue dyed confection, then halfway dipped in white confection – add to the appeal. The final touch comes from berries that are coated in fluffy shredded coconut. If the mom-to-be is on a careful diet, you can opt for berries from our collection of sugar free gifts instead.
Baby shower gift baskets are always welcome, as they usually come stocked up with everyday must-haves. Our arrangements are packed into keepsake tubs or crates, with plus teddy bears or barnyard baby animals along for the ride. Johnson and Johnson bath products, baby utensils, and soft rompers are all included, among other items. For the ultimate in sweet baby gifts, pair a dozen cupcakes (chocolate, vanilla bean, or red velvet) with a duo of unbleached cotton onesies. The baby clothing is packed inside a decorative bakery box, and each rolled up onesie is nestled inside a cupcake wrapper. A removable fruit or flower "topping" is the proverbial icing on the cake! Or, present dipped berries along with a bib that features an embroidered strawberry appliqué. Incredibly, the items described here are just the start of our collection! Didn't we promise the absolute sweetest baby shower gifts around?
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Tenth is best finish for Starfires
South Adams scored a pair of tenth place finishes in the Hoosier State Relays indoor state track meet Saturday at Indiana Wesleyan University, wrapping up the indoor portion of its schedule.
The Starfire boys took tenth in the 4 x 400 relay as Marcus Rich, Cole Farlow, Dom Richert and Tim Lehman set a new school record in 3:37.78. They were about 1.2 seconds off of the time needed to make the medal stand.
Tim Lehman, Logan Steiner, Isaac Werst and Evan Liechty teamed to take tenth in the 4 x 800 relay in 8:40.73 for South Adams, also setting a new indoor school record in the event. They were 10 seconds back of the eighth place time.
Hannah Moore finished 12th in the 3200...
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Hello guys,
All of the temple I am visiting at the moment is in Thai tradition. I've been going to this temple for quite some time now. But one thing I don't understand is why they treat their own people differently to other people including myself. Thai is exclusive, the monk can speak english but the Dhamma talk has rarely been given during their routine meditation schedule. When there are more Thai people attend the session, they are giving the talk in their own language without translation. How can they treat other people so different, I would say less respectful, discriminating and unwelcoming. I am quite surprised though, I never think specifically to go to this tradition or that Theravada tradition but I am a Buddhist and I take refuge in the Triple Gem and we know that Buddha himself did not agree to the cast system at that time hence he never refused someone just because of their cast. I've never routinely been to other tradition so far, but I'd like to ask you guys if this practice is normal? Thanks.


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This job is no longer available
Further information
Design Manager / Technical Manager required to work for large established Developer in SE London on a £200m residential project. The role will be site based managing the design alongside a full site team including management responsibilities.
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They are also looking for a stable employment history with a good track record of projects and experience of running design teams.
ASAP start for the right candidate.


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Virgin Accessories
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Copper analysts are the most bullish in five weeks because of mounting optimism the global economy is strengthening, diverging from hedge funds holding their biggest wager on a retreat since August.
Thirteen analysts surveyed by Bloomberg expect prices to rise next week. Four forecast declines and three were neutral, for the highest proportion of bulls since Feb. 1. Goldman Sachs Group Inc. recommended March 1 buying the metal for a 16% gain in six months. Speculators are betting on a drop for the first time since November after inventories monitored by the London Metal Exchange advanced to a more-than two-year high.
Global equities rose to the highest since 2008 today on speculation central banks will continue stimulus to aid economies. China's growth accelerated for the first time in two years in the fourth quarter and the Federal Reserve said March 6 the U.S. is expanding. While LME copper stockpiles doubled since September as supply outpaced demand, Barclays Plc forecasts a return to shortages in the next six months.
"With the U.S. improving and China coming out of its doldrums, we think copper is well supported," said Carole Ferguson, an analyst at SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP, a broker and adviser in London. "Copper has been volatile because the stockpiles have been high. Outside the U.S. there's still not great visibility. Europe is probably going to take a while to turn around."
Copper Price
Copper fell 2.5% to $7,736 a metric ton on the London Metal Exchange this year, rebounding from a three-month low of $7,652 March 1. It's still the second-best performer of the six main metals on the LME. The Standard & Poor's GSCI gauge of 24 commodities lost 0.3% this year and the MSCI All- Country World Index of equities gained 5.8%. Treasuries declined 0.9%, a Bank of America Corp. index shows.
The U.S. economy grew at a modest to moderate pace across most of the country, the Fed said in its Beige Book business survey. Expansion will accelerate every quarter to 2.8% at the beginning of next year, while China's growth will rise to 8.3% in the second and third quarters, from 7.9% at the end of 2012, economists surveyed by Bloomberg predict. China accounts for 42% of all copper usage and North America 11%, according to Barclays.
Central banks have pledged more action to spur growth as commodities rose about 2% since the end of 2010, compared with an 81% surge over the previous two years. Fed Chairman Ben S. Bernanke defended $85 billion in monthly purchases last week and the European Central Bank yesterday left interest rates at a record low. The International Monetary Fund predicts world economic growth will climb to 3.5% this year from 3.2% in 2012.